FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Kim, P Doss, NM Tillotson, JP Hotchkiss, PJ Pan, MJ Marder, SR Li, JY Calame, JP Perry, JW AF Kim, Philseok Doss, Natalie M. Tillotson, John P. Hotchkiss, Peter J. Pan, Ming-Jen Marder, Seth R. Li, Jiangyu Calame, Jeffery P. Perry, Joseph W. TI High Energy Density Nanocomposites Based on Surface-Modified BaTiO3 and a Ferroelectric Polymer SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE dielectric nanocomposite; barium titanate; surface modification; permittivity; dielectric breakdown; energy storage ID DIELECTRIC-CONSTANT; PERCOLATIVE COMPOSITES; BREAKDOWN; STRENGTH; BEHAVIOR AB The dielectric permittivity and electric breakdown strength of nanocomposites comprising poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoro propylene) and phosphoric acid surface-modified BaTiO3 nanoparticles have been investigated as a function of the volume fraction of nanoparticles. The mode of binding of pentafluorobenzylphosphonic acid on the BaTiO3 particles was investigated using infrared and P-31 solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and the phosphonic acid was found to form well ordered, tightly bound monolayers. The effective permittivity of nanocomposites with low volume fractions (<50%) was in good agreement with standard theoretical models, with a maximum relative permittivity of 35. However, for nanoparticle volume fractions of greater than 50%, the effective permittivity was observed to decrease with increasing nanoparticle volume fraction, and this was correlated with an increase in porosity of the spin-coated nanocomposite films. The dielectric breakdown strength was also found to decrease with increasing volume fraction of the BaTiO3 nanoparticles, with an abrupt decrease observed around 10% and a gradual decrease for volume fractions of 20-50%. Comparison of these results with model calculations, using statistical particle packing simulations and effective medium theory for the permittivity and breakdown strength, indicates the important roles of nanoparticle percolation and porosity of the nanocomposites on the dielectric properties. The measured energy density at a field strength of 164 V/mu m, well below the breakdown strength, increased to a value of 3.2 J/cm(3) as the nanoparticle volume fraction is increased to 50%, roughly in line with the trend of the permittivity. The calculated maximum energy densities indicate maximal extractable energy (7-8 J/cm(3) at 1 kHz) for two different particle volume fractions, as a result of the interplay of the dependencies of permittivity and breakdown strength on volume fraction. C1 [Kim, Philseok; Doss, Natalie M.; Tillotson, John P.; Hotchkiss, Peter J.; Marder, Seth R.; Perry, Joseph W.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Kim, Philseok; Doss, Natalie M.; Tillotson, John P.; Hotchkiss, Peter J.; Marder, Seth R.; Perry, Joseph W.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Organ Photon & Elect, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Li, Jiangyu] Univ Washington, Dept Mech Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Pan, Ming-Jen; Calame, Jeffery P.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Perry, JW (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, 901 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM joe.perry@gatech.edu RI Li, Jiangyu/B-3191-2008; Perry, Joseph/B-7191-2011; Tillotson, John/E-6457-2013 OI Li, Jiangyu/0000-0003-0533-1397; Perry, Joseph/0000-0003-1101-7337; FU Office of Naval Research [NO0014-05-10760]; National Science Foundation [DMR-0120967]; NSF [ECS-03-35765] FX This material is based upon work supported in part by the Office of Naval Research (NO0014-05-10760) and by the STC Program of the National Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0120967. This work was performed in part at the Microelectronics Research Center at the Georgia Institute of Technology, a member of the National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network, which is supported by NSF (Grant No. ECS-03-35765). P.K. is grateful to LG Chem for financial support. We thank Profs. Bernard Kippelen and Angus Wilkinson for use of equipment in their laboratories. NR 37 TC 316 Z9 319 U1 40 U2 336 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD SEP PY 2009 VL 3 IS 9 BP 2581 EP 2592 DI 10.1021/nn9006412 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 496PY UT WOS:000269988600020 PM 19655729 ER PT J AU Gao, ZQ Wang, Q Zhou, MY AF Gao Zhiqiu Wang, Qing Zhou Mingyu TI Wave-Dependence of Friction Velocity, Roughness Length, and Drag Coefficient over Coastal and Open Water Surfaces by Using Three Databases SO ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE sea surface roughness; wave parameter; friction velocity; parameterization ID WIND STRESS; MOMENTUM FLUX; OPEN-OCEAN; SEA-STATE AB The parameterization of friction velocity, roughness length, and the drag coefficient over coastal zones and open water surfaces enables us to better understand the physical processes of air-water interaction. In context of measurements from the Humidity Exchange over the Sea Main Experiment (HEXMAX), we recently proposed wave-parameter dependent approaches to sea surface friction velocity and the aerodynamic roughness by using the dimensional analysis method. To extend the application of these approaches to a range of natural surface conditions, the present study is to assess this approach by using both coastal shallow (RASEX) and open water surface measurements (Lake Ontario and Grand Banks ERS-1 SAR) where wind speeds were greater than 6.44 m s(-1). Friction velocities, the surface aerodynamic roughness, and the neutral drag coefficient estimated by these approaches under moderate wind conditions were compared with the measurements mentioned above. Results showed that the coefficients in these approaches for coastal shallow water surface differ from those for open water surfaces, and that the aerodynamic roughness length in terms of wave age or significant wave height should be treated differently for coastal shallow and open water surfaces. C1 [Gao Zhiqiu; Zhou Mingyu] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, State Key Lab Atmospher Boundary Layer Phys & Atm, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. [Wang, Qing; Zhou Mingyu] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Zhou Mingyu] Polar Res Inst China, Key Lab Polar Sci, Shanghai 200136, Peoples R China. RP Gao, ZQ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, State Key Lab Atmospher Boundary Layer Phys & Atm, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. EM zgao@mail.iap.ac.cn RI Wang, ZF/D-7202-2012; AAS, AAS/C-2949-2014 OI Wang, ZF/0000-0002-7062-6012; FU Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology [2006CB403600, 2006CB403500, 2006BAB18B03, 2006BAB18B05]; Chinese Meteorological Administration [GYHY(QX)2007-6-5]; Chinese Academy of Sciences in China; National Science Foundation Committee [410233032]; Office of Naval Research (ONR), USA [N0001409WR20059] FX This study was supported by Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (2006CB403600, 2006CB403500, 2006BAB18B03, and 2006BAB18B05), Chinese Meteorological Administration [GYHY(QX)2007-6-5], the Centurial Program sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences in China, and National Science Foundation Committee (410233032) in China. This study was also supported by N0001409WR20059 sponsored by the Office of Naval Research (ONR), USA. We would like to acknowledge Drs. F. Anctil, M. A. Donelan, F. W. Dobson, S. D. Smith, R. J. Anderson, H. K. Johnson, I Hojstrup, H. J. Vested, and S. E. Larsen. Their papers make us aware of the confusion surrounding water surface turbulent flux parameterizations. This has allowed us the opportunity to clarify the influence of wave status on surface roughness lengths for their sites. We thank Dr. William M. Drennan very much for his comments. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 5 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 0256-1530 J9 ADV ATMOS SCI JI Adv. Atmos. Sci. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 26 IS 5 BP 887 EP 894 DI 10.1007/s00376-009-8130-7 PG 8 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 492FS UT WOS:000269640900006 ER PT J AU Kim, SH Kwon, HJ Elsberry, RL AF Kim, Sun-Hee Kwon, H. Joe Elsberry, R. L. TI Beta Gyres in Global Analysis Fields SO ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE tropical cyclone; beta gyre; GDAPS; GFS; NOGAPS; TCM-90 final analyses ID TROPICAL CYCLONE MOTION; WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC; ASYMMETRIC CIRCULATION; BAROTROPIC MODEL; PARAMETER; FLOW AB A three-component decomposition is applied to global analysis data to show the existence of a beta gyre, which causes Tropical Cyclone (TC) to drift from a large-scale environmental steering current. Analyses from the Global Data Assimilation and Prediction System (GDAPS) of the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA), the Global Forecast System (GFS) of NCEP, and the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS) are used in this study. The structure of the beta gyre obtained in our analyses is in good agreement with the theoretical structure, with a cyclonic circulation to the southwest of the TC center, an anticyclonic circulation to the northeast, and a ventilation flow directed northwestward near the center. The circulation of the beta gyre is strongest at the 850-hPa level where the cyclonically swirling primary circulation is strongest, and decreases with height, in a pyramid shape similar to the primary circulation. The individual structure of the beta gyre is case- and model-dependent. At a certain analysis time, one model may clearly reveal a well-defined beta gyre, but the other models may not. Within one model, the beta gyre may be well defined at some analysis times, but not at other times. The structure of the beta gyre in the analysis field is determined by the nature of the vortex initialization scheme and the model behavior during the 6-h forecast in the operational data assimilation cycle. C1 [Kim, Sun-Hee; Kwon, H. Joe] Kongju Natl Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Typhoon Res Ctr, Kong Ju 314701, Chungnam, South Korea. [Elsberry, R. L.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kwon, HJ (reprint author), Kongju Natl Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Typhoon Res Ctr, Kong Ju 314701, Chungnam, South Korea. EM hjkwon@kongju.ac.kr RI AAS, AAS/C-2949-2014 FU Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development [CATER 2007-2310]; Office of Naval Research Marine Meteorology FX The participation of S.-H. Kim and H. J. Kwon was funded by the Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program under Grant CATER 2007-2310. The participation of R. L. Elsberry was funded by the Office of Naval Research Marine Meteorology. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 0256-1530 J9 ADV ATMOS SCI JI Adv. Atmos. Sci. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 26 IS 5 BP 984 EP 994 DI 10.1007/s00376-009-8109-4 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 492FS UT WOS:000269640900014 ER PT J AU Rowe, MA Kelly, A Horne, C Lane, S Campbell, J Lehman, B Phipps, C Keller, M Benito, AP AF Rowe, Meredeth A. Kelly, Annette Horne, Claydell Lane, Steve Campbell, Judy Lehman, Brandy Phipps, Chad Keller, Meredith Benito, Andrea Pe TI Reducing dangerous nighttime events in persons with dementia by using a nighttime monitoring system SO ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer's disease; Dementia; Nighttime activity; Sleep; Caregivers; Injury; Technology; Monitoring system ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; INSTITUTIONALIZATION; PREDICTORS; CAREGIVERS; PLACEMENT; PEOPLE; HOME AB Background: Nighttime activity, a common occurrence in persons with dementia, increases the risk for injury and unattended home exits and impairs the sleep patterns of caregivers. Technology is needed that will alert caregivers of nighttime activity in persons with dementia to help prevent injuries and unattended exits. Methods: As part of a product development grant, a controlled pilot study was conducted to test the effectiveness of a new night monitoring system designed for informal caregivers to use in the home. Data from 53 subjects were collected at nine points in time during a 12-month period regarding injuries and unattended home exits that occurred while the caregiver slept. Nighttime activity frequently resulted in nursing home placement. Results: The night monitoring system proved a reliable adjunct to assist caregivers in managing nighttime activity. A total of nine events (injuries or unattended home exits) occurred during the study, with 6 events occurring in the control group. With intent-to-treat analysis, there was no difference between the groups. However, in a secondary analysis that was based on use of the intervention, experimental subjects were 85% less likely to sustain an event than control subjects. Conclusions: When nighttime activity occurred, it resulted in severe injuries sometimes associated with subsequent nursing home placement. The night monitoring system represents a new technology that caregivers can use to assist them in preventing nighttime injuries and unattended home exits in care recipients with dementia. (C) 2009 The Alzheimer's Association. All rights reserved. C1 [Rowe, Meredeth A.; Horne, Claydell; Campbell, Judy; Benito, Andrea Pe] Univ Florida, Coll Nursing, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Kelly, Annette] Florida So Coll, Lakeland, FL USA. [Lane, Steve] Amron Corp, Mclean, VA USA. [Lehman, Brandy] Univ S Florida, Tampa, FL USA. [Phipps, Chad] San Diego Naval Hosp, San Diego, CA USA. [Keller, Meredith] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Rowe, MA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Coll Nursing, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM mrowe@ufl.edu FU NINR NIH HHS [R42 NR004952-03, R42 NR004952, 2R42NR004952-02A2, R42 NR004952-02A2]; PHS HHS [1R41N004952-01A1] NR 27 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1552-5260 J9 ALZHEIMERS DEMENT JI Alzheimers. Dement. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 5 IS 5 BP 419 EP 426 DI 10.1016/j.jalz.2008.08.005 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 503ZL UT WOS:000270581400007 PM 19751921 ER PT J AU Hsia, RY Shen, Y AF Hsia, R. Y. Shen, Y. TI Accidents Waiting to Happen: Decreasing Access to Emergency Departments in Rural Areas in the US, 2001-2005 SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT American-College-of-Emergency-Physicians Forum 2009 CY OCT 05-06, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Coll Emergency Phys, Boston Exhibit & Convent Ctr C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 54 IS 3 SU S BP S85 EP S85 PG 1 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 488JO UT WOS:000269346100271 ER PT J AU Tanabe, P Lyons, JS Reddin, CJ Thornton, VL Wun, T Todd, KH AF Tanabe, P. Lyons, J. S. Reddin, C. J. Thornton, V. L. Wun, T. Todd, K. H. TI A Qualitative Study Assessing the Information Needed to Manage Adults in the Emergency Department with Sickle Cell Disease SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT American-College-of-Emergency-Physicians Forum 2009 CY OCT 05-06, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Coll Emergency Phys, Boston Exhibit & Convent Ctr C1 Northwestern Univ, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. USN, Nurse Corp, Chicago, IL USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. Albert Einstein Coll Med, New York, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 54 IS 3 SU S BP S14 EP S14 PG 1 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 488JO UT WOS:000269346100041 ER PT J AU Smith, TC Leardmann, CA Smith, B Jacobson, IG Ryan, MAK AF Smith, Tyler C. Leardmann, Cynthia A. Smith, Besa Jacobson, Isabel G. Ryan, Margaret A. K. TI Postdeployment Hospitalizations Among Service Members Deployed in Support of the Operations in Iraq and Afghanistan SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Afghanistan; Hospitalization; Iraq; Military medicine; Military personnel; Veterans ID PERSIAN-GULF-WAR; DEPARTMENT-OF-DEFENSE; MENTAL-HEALTH PROBLEMS; MILITARY PERSONNEL; ARMED-FORCES; US VETERANS; EXPERIENCE; COHORT; ILLNESSES; BOSNIA AB PURPOSE: There is significant public and veteran concerns over the impact of military deployments to Iraq and Afghanistan on veterans' health. This study investigates morbidity among deployers by uniquely comparing after-deployment hospitalizations to before-deployment hospitalizations and hospitalizations among nondeployers. METHODS: To compare after,deployment with before-deployment rates of morbidity, we examined active-duty military personnel who deployed for the first time in support of the current conflicts in 2003 or 2004 and had at least 12 months of service before deployment. We also compared the after-deployment hospitalizations to hospitalizations of personnel serving on active duty from May 2002 through May 2004 without a deployment from September 2001 through August 2006. This historical prospective investigation utilized Cox's proportional hazards time-to,event modeling. Hospitalizations for any cause and hospitalizations based on 14 broad diagnostic categories were examined. RESULTS: After adjusting for demographic and Occupational variables, the after-deployment risk for any-cause hospitalization was greater in comparison with before-deployment (hazard ratio, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.48-1.66) but lower in comparison with nondeployers (HR, 0.95, 95% CI, 0.92-0.98). CONCLUSIONS: Active-duty service members have an increased risk of hospitalization after deployment compared with before deployment but a lower risk when compared with nondeployers. Ann Epidemiol 2009;19:603-612. (C) Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Smith, Tyler C.; Leardmann, Cynthia A.; Smith, Besa; Jacobson, Isabel G.; Ryan, Margaret A. K.] USN, US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Smith, TC (reprint author), USN, US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM Tyler.C.Smith@med.navy.mil FU Henry M. Jackson Foundation FX We thank Scott L. Seggerman and Greg D. Boyd from the Defense Manpower Data Center, Seaside, California, for providing a sample of military personnel and their demographic and deployment data. We thank Michelle Stoia, from the Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, for editorial assistance. We appreciate the support of the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, Maryland. NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 EI 1873-2585 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 19 IS 9 BP 603 EP 612 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2009.05.002 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 488ES UT WOS:000269332600001 PM 19559628 ER PT J AU Jacobson, IG White, MR Smith, TC Smith, B Wells, TS Gackstetter, GD Boyko, EJ AF Jacobson, Isabel G. White, Martin R. Smith, Tyler C. Smith, Besa Wells, Timothy S. Gackstetter, Gary D. Boyko, Edward J. CA Millennium Cohort Study Team TI Self-Reported Health Symptoms and Conditions Among Complementary and Alternative Medicine Users in a Large Military Cohort SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cohort Studies; Complementary Therapies; Signs and Symptoms ID UNITED-STATES; MILLENNIUM COHORT; PRIMARY-CARE; PRIME-MD; PREVALENCE; UTILITY; SERVICES AB PURPOSE: To describe medical symptom and condition reporting in relation to complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use among members of the US military. METHODS: CAM was defined as health treatments not widely taught at US medical schools or typically available at US hospitals. By using data from the Millennium Cohort Study, we included participants who completed a survey from 2004 to 2006 (n = 86,131) as part of this cross-sectional analysis in which we sought to identify demographic characteristics and types of health-related symptoms and conditions associated with CAM use. Chi-square tests were used to compare health assessed by self-reported symptoms and conditions among those not reporting CAM use with those reporting practitioner-assisted or self-administered CAM. RESULTS: Of 86,131 participants, 30% reported using at least one practitioner-assisted CAM therapy, 27% reported using at least one self-administered CAM therapy, whereas 59% did not report using any CAM therapy. Both women and men who used CAM reported a greater proportion of specific health conditions and health-related symptoms compared with those not reporting CAM use (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These findings illustrate that a relatively young adult occupational cohort of military personnel using CAM therapies also report multiple comorbidities which may indicate chronic illness management and poorer overall health. Ann Epidemiol 2009;19:613-622. (C) Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Jacobson, Isabel G.; White, Martin R.; Smith, Tyler C.; Smith, Besa] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Wells, Timothy S.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Boyko, Edward J.] Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Epidetniol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. [Gackstetter, Gary D.] Analyt Serv Inc, ANSER, Arlington, VA USA. RP Jacobson, IG (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Dept 164,140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM isabel.jacobson@med.navy.mil NR 30 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 19 IS 9 BP 613 EP 622 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2009.05.001 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 488ES UT WOS:000269332600002 PM 19596206 ER PT J AU Mandel, LR AF Mandel, Lee R. TI Endocrine and Autoimmune Aspects of the Health History of John F. Kennedy SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID SYNDROME TYPE-II; POLYGLANDULAR SYNDROME; ADDISONS-DISEASE; AUTOANTIBODIES; FEATURES AB At the age of 43 years, John F. Kennedy was the youngest man ever elected president. Throughout both his campaign and his presidency, he was portrayed as the epitome of youth and vigor. In fact, he had the most complex medical history of anyone to occupy the White House. The recent opening of his White House medical records has provided researchers greater insight into the multiple medical conditions that afflicted Kennedy. A recent review of these records, coupled with other available sources, allows new understanding of his health history that can now be explained in the context of a unifying autoimmune endocrine disorder. C1 [Mandel, Lee R.] USN, Med Corps, Chesapeake, VA USA. RP Mandel, LR (reprint author), Dept Hlth Serv, Div H, USS George HW Bush CVN 77, FPO, AE 09513 USA. EM mandellr@cvn77.navy.mil NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD SEP 1 PY 2009 VL 151 IS 5 BP 350 EP 354 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 492KB UT WOS:000269653100009 PM 19721023 ER PT J AU Aman, MJ Kinch, MS Warfield, K Warren, T Yunus, A Enterlein, S Stavale, E Wang, PF Chang, SJ Tang, QS Porter, K Goldblatt, M Bavari, S AF Aman, M. Javad Kinch, Michael S. Warfield, Kelly Warren, Travis Yunus, Abdul Enterlein, Sven Stavale, Eric Wang, Peifang Chang, Shaojing Tang, Qingsong Porter, Kevin Goldblatt, Michael Bavari, Sina TI Development of a broad-spectrum antiviral with activity against Ebola virus SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Ebola virus; Antiviral; Dengue Fever ID VESICULAR STOMATITIS-VIRUS; IMP DEHYDROGENASE; DENGUE VIRUS; PATHOGENESIS; RIBAVIRIN; FEVER; INFECTION; TOXICITY; THERAPY; INVITRO AB We report herein the identification of a small molecule therapeutic, FGI-106, which displays potent and broad-spectrum inhibition of lethal viral hemorrhagic fevers pathogens, including Ebola, Rift Valley and Dengue Fever viruses, in cell-based assays. Using mouse models of Ebola virus, we further demonstrate that FGI-106 can protect animals from an otherwise lethal infection when used either in a prophylactic or therapeutic setting. A single treatment, administered 1 day after infection, is sufficient to protect animals from lethal Ebola virus challenge. Cell-based assays also identified inhibitory activity against divergent virus families, which supports a hypothesis that FGI-106 interferes with a common pathway utilized by different viruses. These findings suggest FGI-106 may provide an opportunity for targeting viral diseases. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kinch, Michael S.; Yunus, Abdul; Chang, Shaojing; Tang, Qingsong; Goldblatt, Michael] Funct Genet Inc, Gaithersburg, MD 20878 USA. [Aman, M. Javad; Warfield, Kelly; Warren, Travis; Bavari, Sina] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Enterlein, Sven; Stavale, Eric] Integrated BioTherapeut, Germantown, MD 20876 USA. [Wang, Peifang; Porter, Kevin] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Kinch, MS (reprint author), Funct Genet Inc, 708 Quince Orchard Rd, Gaithersburg, MD 20878 USA. EM mkinch@functional-genetics.com RI Porter, Kevin/A-8027-2011; OI Kinch, Michael/0000-0003-3939-3756 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) FX This work was supported by the Transformation Medical Technologies Initiative (TMTI) program of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA). NR 22 TC 53 Z9 57 U1 4 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 83 IS 3 BP 245 EP 251 DI 10.1016/j.antiviral.2009.06.001 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 489XK UT WOS:000269459300005 PM 19523489 ER PT J AU Petrov, GM Davis, J AF Petrov, G. M. Davis, J. TI Laser acceleration of light ions from high-intensity laser-target interactions SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA INTERACTIONS; PROTON GENERATION; ULTRAINTENSE; ABSORPTION; RADIATION; ENERGIES; DRIVEN; PULSES AB A systematic theoretical study of laser-irradiated targets made of material with increasing atomic number has been performed. The formation of energetic light ions resulting from the interaction of an intense ultrashort pulse laser with thin planar targets is investigated theoretically with a two-dimensional relativistic electromagnetic particle-in-cell model. A common parameter, the areal electron density of the foil, can be used to describe qualitatively targets made of different material. By varying either the laser intensity or the target thickness we observe a gradual transition of various ion acceleration mechanisms from one into another. Light ions, such as H(+), Li(3+), C(6+), and Al(13+), can be accelerated to GeV energies with existing laser systems at a laser fluence of 10-20 J/mu m(2). C1 [Petrov, G. M.; Davis, J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Petrov, GM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM george.petrov@nrl.navy.mil; jack.davis@nrl.navy.mil FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA; Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) FX This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) and the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) under the 6.1 program. NR 46 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-2171 J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 96 IS 4 BP 773 EP 779 DI 10.1007/s00340-009-3624-7 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 484OD UT WOS:000269054800024 ER PT J AU Cockcroft, R Harris, WE Wehner, EMH Whitmore, BC Rothberg, B AF Cockcroft, Robert Harris, William E. Wehner, Elizabeth M. H. Whitmore, Bradley C. Rothberg, Barry TI FURTHER DEFINITION OF THE MASS-METALLICITY RELATION IN GLOBULAR CLUSTER SYSTEMS AROUND BRIGHTEST CLUSTER GALAXIES SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD; galaxies: individual (IC 4329, NGC 5193) ID COLOR DISTRIBUTIONS; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; GIANT ELLIPTICALS; ADVANCED CAMERA; CATALOG; PHOTOMETRY; DISTANCE; MODELS; ORIGIN AB We combine the globular cluster (GC) data for 15 brightest cluster galaxies and use this material to trace the mass-metallicity relations (MMRs) in their globular cluster systems (GCSs). This work extends previous studies which correlate the properties of the MMR with those of the host galaxy. Our combined data sets show a mean trend for the metal-poor subpopulation that corresponds to a scaling of heavy-element abundance with cluster mass Z similar to M(0.30 +/- 0.05). No trend is seen for the metal-rich subpopulation which has a scaling relation that is consistent with zero. We also find that the scaling exponent is independent of the GCS specific frequency and host galaxy luminosity, except perhaps for dwarf galaxies. We present new photometry in (g',i') obtained with Gemini/GMOS for the GC populations around the southern giant ellipticals NGC 5193 and IC 4329. Both galaxies have rich cluster populations which show up as normal, bimodal sequences in the color-magnitude diagram. We test the observed MMRs and argue that they are statistically real, and not an artifact caused by the method we used. We also argue against asymmetric contamination causing the observed MMR as our mean results are no different from other contamination-free studies. Finally, we compare our method to the standard bimodal fitting method (KMM or RMIX) and find our results are consistent. Interpretation of these results is consistent with recent models for GC formation in which the MMR is determined by GC self-enrichment during their brief formation period. C1 [Cockcroft, Robert; Harris, William E.] McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. [Wehner, Elizabeth M. H.] Univ Utrecht, NL-3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands. [Whitmore, Bradley C.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Rothberg, Barry] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Cockcroft, R (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. EM cockcroft@physics.mcmaster.ca; harris@physics.mcmaster.ca; e.m.wehner@uu.nl; whitmore@stsci.edu; rothberg@nrl.navy.mil NR 46 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 138 IS 3 BP 758 EP 769 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/138/3/758 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 490OF UT WOS:000269509700003 ER PT J AU Hartkopf, WI Mason, BD AF Hartkopf, William I. Mason, Brian D. TI SPECKLE INTERFEROMETRY AT MOUNT WILSON OBSERVATORY: OBSERVATIONS OBTAINED IN 2006-2007 AND 35 NEW ORBITS SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE binaries: general; binaries: visual; techniques: interferometric ID BINARY STAR ORBITS; VISUAL DOUBLE STARS; LUNAR OCCULTATION SYSTEMS; PEAK 4-M TELESCOPE; PIC-DU-MIDI; DIFFERENTIAL PHOTOMETRY; HIPPARCOS BINARIES; DUPLICITY SURVEY; MULTIPLE STARS; URSAE-MAJORIS AB Results are presented for 607 speckle interferometric observations of double stars, as well as 222 measures of single stars or unresolved pairs. All data were obtained in 2006 and 2007 at the Mount Wilson Observatory, using the 2.5 m Hooker telescope. Separations range from 0.'' 06 to 6.'' 31, with a median of 0.'' 34. These three observing runs concentrated on binaries in need of confirmation (mainly Hipparcos and Tycho pairs), as well as systems in need of improved orbital elements. New orbital solutions have been determined for 35 systems as a result. C1 [Hartkopf, William I.; Mason, Brian D.] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. RP Hartkopf, WI (reprint author), USN Observ, 3450 Massachusetts Ave NW, Washington, DC 20392 USA. EM wih@usno.navy.mil; bdm@usno.navy.mil FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNH06AD70I] FX The USNO speckle interferometry program has been supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant NNH06AD70I, issued through the Terrestrial Planet Finder Foundation Science program. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. Thanks are also extended to Ken Johnston and the U. S. Naval Observatory for their continued support of the Double Star Program. NR 201 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 138 IS 3 BP 813 EP 826 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/138/3/813 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 490OF UT WOS:000269509700009 ER PT J AU Helmboldt, JF Kassim, NE AF Helmboldt, J. F. Kassim, N. E. TI THE EVOLUTION OF CASSIOPEIA A AT LOW RADIO FREQUENCIES SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE catalogs; radio continuum: general; surveys ID FLUX-DENSITY SCALE; SECULAR DECREASE; MHZ; CAS AB We have used archival 74 MHz Very Large Array data spanning the last 15 years in combination with new data from the Long-Wavelength Demonstrator Array and data from the literature covering the last 50 years to explore the evolution of Cas A at low radio frequencies. We find that the secular decrease of the flux density of Cas A at similar to 80 MHz is rather stable over five decades of time, decreasing at a rate of 0.7%-0.8% yr(-1). This is entirely consistent with previous estimates at frequencies as low as 38 MHz, indicating that the secular decrease is roughly the same at low frequencies, at least between 38 and 80 MHz. We also find strong evidence for as many as four modes of flux density oscillation about the slower secular decrease with periods of 3.10 +/- 0.02 yr, 5.1 +/- 0.3 yr, 9.0 +/- 0.2 yr, and 24 +/- 2 yr. These are also consistent with fluctuations seen previously to occur on scales of a few years. These results provide compelling motivation for a thorough low-frequency monitoring campaign of Cas A to constrain the nature and physical origins of these fluctuations, and to be able to better predict the flux density of Cas A at any given epoch so that it may be used as a reliable low-frequency calibrator. C1 [Helmboldt, J. F.; Kassim, N. E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Helmboldt, JF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7213,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM joe.helmboldt@nrl.navy.mil RI Helmboldt, Joseph/C-8105-2012 FU National Research Council Research Associateship Award; 6.1 base funding FX The authors thank J. Hartman for kindly providing them with the important results of his work with the prototype LWA antennas and for useful feedback. We also thank the referee as well as A. Cohen, T. J. Lazio, and W. Lane for helpful comments and suggestions. This research was performed while the lead author held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory. Basic research in astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by 6.1 base funding. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. NR 14 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 138 IS 3 BP 838 EP 844 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/138/3/838 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 490OF UT WOS:000269509700011 ER PT J AU Ojha, R Zacharias, N Hennessy, GS Gaume, RA Johnston, KJ AF Ojha, Roopesh Zacharias, Norbert Hennessy, Gregory S. Gaume, Ralph A. Johnston, Kenneth J. TI PHOTOMETRIC OBSERVATIONS OF SELECTED, OPTICALLY BRIGHT QUASARS FOR SPACE INTERFEROMETRY MISSION AND OTHER FUTURE CELESTIAL REFERENCE FRAMES SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astrometry; galaxies: photometry; quasars: general; reference systems ID VARIABILITY; CATALOG; STARS; LINK AB Photometric observations of 235 extragalactic objects that are potential targets for the Space Interferometry Mission (SIM) are presented. Mean B, V, R, I magnitudes at the 5% level are obtained at 1-4 epochs between 2005 and 2007 using the 1 m telescopes at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory and the Naval Observatory Flagstaff Station. Of the 134 sources that have V magnitudes in the Veron & Veron-Cetty catalog, a difference of over 1.0 mag is found for the observed-catalog magnitudes for about 36% of the common sources, and 10 sources show over 3 mag difference. Our first set of observations presented here form the basis of a long-term photometric variability study of the selected reference frame sources to assist in mission target selection and to support QSO multicolor photometric variability studies in general. C1 [Ojha, Roopesh] USN Observ, NVI, Washington, DC 20392 USA. RP Ojha, R (reprint author), USN Observ, NVI, Washington, DC 20392 USA. EM rojha@usno.navy.mil; nz@usno.navy.mil; gsh@usno.navy.mil; rgaume@usno.navy.mil; kjj@usno.navy.mil FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX We thank Hugh Harris of the USNO Flagstaff Station for many helpful suggestions. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 138 IS 3 BP 845 EP 857 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/138/3/845 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 490OF UT WOS:000269509700012 ER PT J AU Marcaide, JM Marti-Vidal, I Perez-Torres, MA Alberdi, A Guirado, JC Ros, E Weiler, KW AF Marcaide, J. M. Marti-Vidal, I. Perez-Torres, M. A. Alberdi, A. Guirado, J. C. Ros, E. Weiler, K. W. TI 1.6 GHz VLBI observations of SN 1979C: almost-free expansion SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE radio continuum: stars; supernovae: individual: SN 1979C ID II SUPERNOVAE; EMISSION; SN1979C; RADIO AB We report on 1.6GHz Very-Long-Baseline-Interferometry (VLBI) observations of supernova SN 1979C made on 18 November 2002. We derive a model-dependent supernova size. We also present a reanalysis of VLBI observations made by us on June 1999 and by other authors on February 2005. We conclude that, contrary to our earlier claim of strong deceleration in the expansion, SN1979C has been undergoing almost-free expansion (m = 0.91 +/- 0.09; R proportional to t(m)) for over 25 years. C1 [Marcaide, J. M.; Marti-Vidal, I.; Guirado, J. C.; Ros, E.] Univ Valencia, Dpt Astron & Astrofis, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain. [Marti-Vidal, I.; Ros, E.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Perez-Torres, M. A.; Alberdi, A.] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18008 Granada, Spain. [Weiler, K. W.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Marcaide, JM (reprint author), Univ Valencia, Dpt Astron & Astrofis, C Dr Moliner 50, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain. EM J.M.Marcaide@uv.es RI Marti-Vidal, Ivan/A-8799-2017; OI Marti-Vidal, Ivan/0000-0003-3708-9611; Ros, Eduardo/0000-0001-9503-4892 FU National Science Foundation [AYA2006-14986-CO2-01, AYA2005-08561-C03]; Office of Naval Research Laboratories; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation FX The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. The 100-m telescope at Effelsberg is a facility of the MPIfR (Max-Planck-Institut fur Radioastronomie). The Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope is operated by the Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy ASTRON, with support of NWO. The Arecibo Observatory is the principal facility of the National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center, which is operated by the Cornell University under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. This work has been partially founded by grants AYA2006-14986-CO2-01 and AYA2005-08561-C03 of the Spanish DGICYT. KWW wishes to thank the Office of Naval Research Laboratories for the 6.1 funding supporting this research. IMV is a fellow of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 503 IS 3 BP 869 EP 872 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/200912485 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 493HJ UT WOS:000269727100023 ER PT J AU Wang, TJ Ofman, L Davila, JM Mariska, JT AF Wang, T. J. Ofman, L. Davila, J. M. Mariska, J. T. TI Hinode/EIS observations of propagating low-frequency slow magnetoacoustic waves in fan-like coronal loops SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Sun: atmosphere; Sun: corona; Sun: oscillations; Sun: UV radiation; waves ID EUV IMAGING SPECTROMETER; SOLAR CORONA; OSCILLATIONS; SEISMOLOGY; TRACE; SUMER AB Aims. We report the first observation of multiple-periodic propagating disturbances along a fan-like coronal structure simultaneously detected in both intensity and Doppler shift in the Fe XII 195 angstrom line with the EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) onboard Hinode. A new application of coronal seismology is provided based on this observation. Methods. We analyzed the EIS sit-and-stare mode observation of oscillations using the running difference and wavelet techniques. Results. Two harmonics with periods of 12 and 25 min are detected. We measured the Doppler shift amplitude of 1-2 km s(-1), the relative intensity amplitude of 3%-5% and the apparent propagation speed of 100-120 km s(-1). Conclusions. The amplitude relationship between intensity and Doppler shift oscillations provides convincing evidence that these propagating features are a manifestation of slow magnetoacoustic waves. Detection lengths (over which the waves are visible) of the 25 min wave are about 70-90 Mm, much longer than those of the 5 min wave previously detected by TRACE. This difference may be explained by the dependence of damping length on the wave period for thermal conduction. Based on a linear wave theory, we derive an inclination of the magnetic field to the line-of-sight about 59 +/- 8 degrees, a true propagation speed of 128 +/- 25 km s(-1) and a temperature of 0.7 +/- 0.3 MK near the loop's footpoint from our measurements. C1 [Wang, T. J.; Ofman, L.] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Wang, T. J.; Ofman, L.; Davila, J. M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Mariska, J. T.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wang, TJ (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, 620 Michigan Ave, Washington, DC 20064 USA. EM wangtj@helio.gsfc.nasa.gov FU NRL [N00173-06-1-G033]; NASA [NNG06GI55G] FX Hinode is a Japanese mission developed and launched by ISAS/JAXA in partnership with NAOJ, NASA, and STFC (UK). Additional operation support is provided by ESA and NSC ( Norway). The authors are grateful to Dr. Harry Warren for his planning of EIS observations. The work of L. O. and T. J. W. was supported by NRL grant N00173-06-1-G033. L. O. was also supported by NASA grant NNG06GI55G. The authors also thank the referee, Dr. Dipankar Banerjee, for his constructive comments and suggestions. NR 22 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 503 IS 3 BP L25 EP U14 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/200912534 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 493HJ UT WOS:000269727100002 ER PT J AU Hwang, U Laming, JM AF Hwang, Una Laming, J. Martin TI THE CIRCUMSTELLAR MEDIUM OF CASSIOPEIA A INFERRED FROM THE OUTER EJECTA KNOT PROPERTIES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; supernova remnants; X-rays: individual (Cassiopeia A) ID SUPERNOVA REMNANT CASSIOPEIA; CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE; X-RAY; SHOCK BREAKOUT; A SUPERNOVA; MASSIVE STARS; ACCELERATED ELECTRONS; EMISSION; PROGENITORS; EXPLOSION AB We investigate the effect of the circumstellar medium density profile on the X-ray emission from outer ejecta knots in the Cassiopeia A supernova remnant using the 1 Ms Chandra observation. The spectra of a number of radial series of ejecta knots at various positions around the remnant are analyzed using techniques similar to those devised in previous papers. We can obtain a reasonable match to our data for a circumstellar density profile proportional to r(-2) as would arise from the steady dense wind of a red supergiant, but the agreement is improved if we introduce a small (0.2-0.3 pc) central cavity around the progenitor into our models. Such a profile might arise if the progenitor emitted a fast tenuous stellar wind for a short period immediately prior to explosion. We review other lines of evidence supporting this conclusion. The spectra also indicate the widespread presence of Fe-enriched plasma that was presumably formed by complete Si burning during the explosion, possibly via alpha-rich freezeout. This component is typically associated with hotter and more highly ionized gas than the bulk of the O- and Si-rich ejecta. C1 [Hwang, Una] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Hwang, Una] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Laming, J. Martin] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hwang, U (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Una.Hwang-1@nasa.gov FU NASA LTSA [NNG06GB89G]; Office of Naval Research FX U. H. and J.M.L. acknowledge support through NASA LTSA grant NNG06GB89G. J. M. L. was also supported by basic research funds of the Office of Naval Research. We thank Roger Chevalier and the anonymous referee for helpful comments on the paper. NR 47 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 703 IS 1 BP 883 EP 893 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/703/1/883 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 492AE UT WOS:000269625000071 ER PT J AU Muglach, K Wang, YM Kliem, B AF Muglach, K. Wang, Y. -M. Kliem, B. TI EVIDENCE FOR MIXED HELICITY IN ERUPTING FILAMENTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: corona; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun: filaments; Sun: magnetic fields; Sun: prominences; Sun: UV radiation ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; GLOBAL SOLAR CORONA; KINK INSTABILITY; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; FLUX ROPES; LAMBDA-304 PROMINENCES; CHIRALITY; SIGMOIDS; VECTOR; FLOWS AB Erupting filaments are sometimes observed to undergo a rotation about the vertical direction as they rise. This rotation of the filament axis is generally interpreted as a conversion of twist into writhe in a kink-unstable magnetic flux rope. Consistent with this interpretation, the rotation is usually found to be clockwise ( as viewed from above) if the post-eruption arcade has right-handed helicity, but counterclockwise if it has left-handed helicity. Here, we describe two non-active-region filament events recorded with the Extreme-Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory in which the sense of rotation appears to be opposite to that expected from the helicity of the post-event arcade. Based on these observations, we suggest that the rotation of the filament axis is, in general, determined by the net helicity of the erupting system, and that the axially aligned core of the filament can have the opposite helicity sign to the surrounding field. In most cases, the surrounding field provides the main contribution to the net helicity. In the events reported here, however, the helicity associated with the filament "barbs" is opposite in sign to and dominates that of the overlying arcade. C1 [Muglach, K.; Wang, Y. -M.; Kliem, B.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Muglach, K (reprint author), ARTEP Inc, Ellicott City, MD USA. EM muglach@nrl.navy.mil; yi.wang@nrl.navy.mil; bkliem@uni-potsdam.de FU NASA; Office of Naval Research FX We are indebted to the EIT and MDI teams for the SOHO observations and to BBSO/New Jersey Institute of Technology for the Ha images. We also thank A. A. van Ballegooijen and P. Demoulin for informative discussions and the referee for helpful comments. This work was supported by NASA and the Office of Naval Research. NR 37 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 703 IS 1 BP 976 EP 981 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/703/1/976 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 492AE UT WOS:000269625000080 ER PT J AU Brittain, SD Najita, JR Carr, JS AF Brittain, Sean D. Najita, Joan R. Carr, John S. TI TRACING THE INNER EDGE OF THE DISK AROUND HD 100546 WITH ROVIBRATIONAL CO EMISSION LINES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; line: profiles; planetary systems: protoplanetary disks; stars: individual (HD 100546); techniques: spectroscopic ID HERBIG-AE/BE STARS; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; INTERMEDIATE-MASS STARS; T-TAURI STARS; PROTOPLANETARY DISK; INFRARED SPECTROGRAPH; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; CORONAGRAPHIC OBSERVATIONS; ISO SPECTROSCOPY; ACCRETION DISKS AB In this paper we present high-resolution 4.7 mu m spectra of the isolated Herbig Be star HD 100546. HD 100546 has been the subject of intense scrutiny because it is a young nearby star with a transitional disk. We observe the Delta(v) = 1 rovibrational CO transitions in order to clarify the distribution of warm gas in the inner disk. Modeling of the CO spectrum indicates that the gas is vibrationally excited by collisions and UV fluorescence. The observed emission extends from 13 to 100 AU. The inner edge of the molecular gas emission is consistent with the inner edge of the optically thick dust disk indicating that the inner hole is not simply a hole in the dust opacity but is likely cleared of gas as well. The rotational temperature of the CO is similar to 1000 K-much hotter than the similar to 200 K CO in the otherwise similar transitional disk surrounding HD 141569. The origin of this discrepancy is likely linked to the brighter polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission observed toward HD 100546. We use the excitation of the CO to constrain the geometry of the inner disk and comment on the evolutionary state of the system. C1 [Brittain, Sean D.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Najita, Joan R.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Carr, John S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Brittain, SD (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 118 Kinard Lab, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM sbritt@clemson.edu; najita@noao.edu; carr@nrl.navy.mil RI Brittain, Sean/K-9001-2012 OI Brittain, Sean/0000-0001-5638-1330 FU National Science Foundation [AST-0708899]; NASA Origins of Solar Systems [NNX08AH90G] FX On the basis of observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), the Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (United Kingdom), the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), the Australian Research Council (Australia), CNPq (Brazil), and CONICET (Argentina). The Phoenix infrared spectrograph was developed and is operated by the National Optical Astronomy Observatory. The Phoenix spectra were obtained as part of programs GS-2005B-C-2 and GS-2006A-C-17. The authors thank Inga Kamp for helpful discussions about the role of PAHs in circumstellar disks. S. D. B. acknowledges support for this work from the National Science Foundation under grant number AST-0708899 and NASA Origins of Solar Systems under grant number NNX08AH90G. Basic research in infrared astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by 6.1 base funding. NR 64 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 1 PY 2009 VL 702 IS 1 BP 85 EP 99 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/702/1/85 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 487BD UT WOS:000269244500008 ER PT J AU Shinoda, T Kiladis, GN Roundy, PE AF Shinoda, Toshiaki Kiladis, George N. Roundy, Paul E. TI Statistical representation of equatorial waves and tropical instability waves in the Pacific Ocean SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Special Session on Ocean-Atmosphere Coupling held at the 24th IUGG CY JUL 02-12, 2007 CL Perugia, ITALY SP IUGG DE Equatorial waves; Tropical instability waves; Tropical air-sea interaction ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; INTRASEASONAL KELVIN WAVES; ROSSBY WAVES; ALTIMETER; CURRENTS; FRONT; WIND; VARIABILITY; ANOMALIES; LEVEL AB Sea surface height (SSH), sea surface temperature (SST), and surface currents derived from satellite observations are analyzed to investigate signals of equatorial Kelvin and tropical instability waves (TIWs) in the Pacific Ocean. A wavenumber-frequency spectral analysis of SSH and SST anomalies was performed in order to examine their space and time variability. Significant spectral peaks along the dispersion curves of the first baroclinic mode Rossby and Kelvin waves are found in the SSH spectrum, indicating that the analysis can effectively identify the signals of equatorial waves in the upper ocean. A prominent peak in SSH fields at around 33 days and 1500 km wavelength along the Rossby wave dispersion curve is evident, and a similar peak is also found in SST fields. This upper ocean variability on these space and time scales is shown to be associated with TIWs. The spatial structure of 33-day TIWs is further examined based on an analysis of time series filtered in the frequency-wavenumber domain. The phase relationship between SSH, SST, and surface velocity associated with TIWs is described based on a cross-correlation analysis. Also, the interannual variability of TIW activity is compared with that of ENSO, showing a moderate correlation. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Shinoda, Toshiaki] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Kiladis, George N.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. [Roundy, Paul E.] SUNY Albany, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA. RP Shinoda, T (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM toshiaki.shinoda@nrlssc.navy.mil RI Shinoda, Toshiaki/J-3745-2016 OI Shinoda, Toshiaki/0000-0003-1416-2206 NR 35 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0169-8095 J9 ATMOS RES JI Atmos. Res. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 94 IS 1 BP 37 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2008.06.002 PG 8 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 496HR UT WOS:000269961500005 ER PT J AU Salm, CR Saros, JE Fritz, SC Osburn, CL Reineke, DM AF Salm, Courtney R. Saros, Jasmine E. Fritz, Sherilyn C. Osburn, Christopher L. Reineke, David M. TI Phytoplankton productivity across prairie saline lakes of the Great Plains (USA): a step toward deciphering patterns through lake classification models SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; NEBRASKA SAND HILLS; PHOSPHORUS RELEASE; MARSH SEDIMENTS; NORTH-AMERICA; FRESH-WATER; SALT LAKES; NITROGEN; SULFATE; NUTRIENTS AB We investigated patterns of primary production across prairie saline lakes in the central and northern Great Plains of the United States. Based on comparative lake sampling in 2004, seasonal predictors of algal primary productivity were identified within subsets of similar lakes using a combination of Akaike's information criterion (AIC) and classification and regression trees (CART). These models indicated complex patterns of nutrient limitation by nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and iron (Fe) within different lake groups. Nutrient enrichment assays (control, + Fe, + N, + P, + N + P) were performed in spring and summer of 2006 to determine if phytoplankton in selected lakes followed predicted patterns of nutrient limitation. Both the comparative lake sampling and experimental results indicated that N limitation was widespread in these prairie lakes, with evidence for secondary P limitation in certain lakes. In the experiments, iron did not stimulate primary production. Our results suggest that given the diverse geochemical nature of these lakes, classification models that separate saline lakes into subsets may be an effective method for improving predictions of algal production. C1 [Salm, Courtney R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA. [Saros, Jasmine E.] Univ Maine, Climate Change Inst, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Fritz, Sherilyn C.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Geosci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Fritz, Sherilyn C.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Osburn, Christopher L.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Biogeochem Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Reineke, David M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Math, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA. RP Salm, CR (reprint author), Univ Maine, Climate Change Inst, Sawyer Environm Res Ctr 135, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM courtney.salm@umit.maine.edu OI Osburn, Christopher/0000-0002-9334-4202 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0315665]; University of Wisconsin; River Studies Center FX We thank Danuta Bennett, Jessica Czubakowski, Carmen Daggett, Jarvis Erickson, Margaret Henke, Callie Martin, Brian McMullen, Caren Scott, Robert Toban, and Erin Wilcox for field and laboratory assistance. The Water Sciences Laboratory at the University of Nebraska - Lincoln conducted the iron, anion, and total nutrient analyses; we thank the director, Daniel D. Snow, for assistance with selection of appropriate analytical techniques. John Holz and Tad Barrow provided advice on lake selection in the CGP, as well as nutrient analyses and field assistance, and Leigh Stearns provided the map of study locations. We thank three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments, which greatly improved this manuscript. This work was funded by the National Science Foundation (DEB-0315665). Additional funding was provided by a University of Wisconsin - La Crosse Graduate Research Grant and the River Studies Center (University of Wisconsin - La Crosse). NR 66 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 8 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 66 IS 9 BP 1435 EP 1448 DI 10.1139/F09-083 PG 14 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 494RZ UT WOS:000269834500005 ER PT J AU Carroll, TL AF Carroll, T. L. TI Phase space method for identification of driven nonlinear systems SO CHAOS LA English DT Article DE chaos; nonlinear dynamical systems; radio transmitters; synchronisation ID TIME-SERIES DATA; REDUCTION; MODELS AB We seek in this paper to differentiate driven nonlinear systems using only a single output signal from the driven system. We do not have access to the driving signal. We demonstrate the phase space identification techniques with an experimental model of a radio transmitter. We restrict the driving signals to nearly periodic signals, because these types of signals are the most common signals used in real transmitters. We find that by studying our transmitter as a driven nonlinear system, we are able to distinguish one transmitter from another. This work may have consequences for real transmitters. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Carroll, TL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM thomas.l.carroll@nrl.navy.mil OI Carroll, Thomas/0000-0002-2371-2049 NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1054-1500 EI 1089-7682 J9 CHAOS JI Chaos PD SEP PY 2009 VL 19 IS 3 AR 033121 DI 10.1063/1.3207836 PG 9 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 501KV UT WOS:000270381500021 PM 19792001 ER PT J AU Carroll, TL Rachford, FJ AF Carroll, T. L. Rachford, F. J. TI Phase space correlation to improve detection accuracy SO CHAOS LA English DT Article DE chaos; correlation methods; radar detection; sonar detection AB The standard method used for detecting signals in radar or sonar is cross correlation. The accuracy of the detection with cross correlation is limited by the bandwidth of the signals. We show that by calculating the cross correlation based on points that are nearby in phase space rather than points that are simultaneous in time, the detection accuracy is improved. The phase space correlation technique works for some standard radar signals, but it is especially well suited to chaotic signals because trajectories that are adjacent in phase space move apart from each other at an exponential rate. C1 [Carroll, T. L.; Rachford, F. J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Carroll, TL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM thomas.carroll@nrl.navy.mil; frederic.rachford@nrl.navy.mil OI Carroll, Thomas/0000-0002-2371-2049 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1054-1500 J9 CHAOS JI Chaos PD SEP PY 2009 VL 19 IS 3 AR 033101 DI 10.1063/1.3168504 PG 9 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 501KV UT WOS:000270381500001 PM 19791981 ER PT J AU Denning, PJ Rosenbloom, PS AF Denning, Peter J. Rosenbloom, Paul S. TI Computing: The Fourth Great Domain of Science SO COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Denning, Peter J.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst Informat Innovat & Super, Monterey, CA USA. [Rosenbloom, Paul S.] Univ So Calif, Viterbi Sch Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Rosenbloom, Paul S.] Univ So Calif, Inst Creat Technol, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Rosenbloom, Paul S.] Univ So Calif, Inst Informat Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Denning, PJ (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst Informat Innovat & Super, Monterey, CA USA. EM pjd@nps.edu; rosenbloom@usc.edu NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 0001-0782 J9 COMMUN ACM JI Commun. ACM PD SEP PY 2009 VL 52 IS 9 BP 27 EP 29 DI 10.1145/1562164.1562176 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 489KK UT WOS:000269418800015 ER PT J AU Oh, RPT Sanchez, SM Lucas, TW Wan, H Nissen, ME AF Oh, Regine Pei Tze Sanchez, Susan M. Lucas, Thomas W. Wan, Hong Nissen, Mark E. TI Efficient experimental design tools for exploring large simulation models SO COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL ORGANIZATION THEORY LA English DT Article DE Simulation; Design of experiments; Screening; Hierarchy organizational model AB Simulation experiments are typically faster, cheaper and more flexible than physical experiments. They are especially useful for pilot studies of complicated systems where little prior knowledge of the system behavior exists. One key characteristic of simulation experiments is the large number of factors and interactions between factors that impact decision makers. Traditional simulation approaches offer little help in analyzing large numbers of factors and interactions, which makes interpretation and application of results very difficult and often incorrect. In this paper we implement and demonstrate efficient design of experiments techniques to analyze large, complex simulation models. Looking specifically within the domain of organizational performance, we illustrate how our approach can be used to analyze even immense results spaces, driven by myriad factors with sometimes unknown interactions, and pursue optimal settings for different performance measures. This allows analysts to rapidly identify the most important, results-influencing factors within simulation models, employ an experimental design to fully explore the simulation space efficiently, and enhance system design through simulation. This dramatically increases the breadth and depth of insights available through analysis of simulation data, reduces the time required to analyze simulation-driven studies, and extends the state of the art in computational and mathematical organization theory. C1 [Wan, Hong] Purdue Univ, Sch Ind Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Oh, Regine Pei Tze] DSO Natl Labs, Singapore, Singapore. [Sanchez, Susan M.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Lucas, Thomas W.] Grad Sch Operat & Informat Sci, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Nissen, Mark E.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Informat Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Wan, H (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Ind Engn, 315 N Grant St,GRIS 256, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM smsanche@nps.edu; twlucas@nps.edu; hwan@purdue.edu; MNissen@nps.edu FU Center for Edge Power3 at the Naval Postgraduate School; Modeling and Simulation Coordination Office for the Joint Test and Evaluation Methodology; Netcentric Systems Test/Science and Technology program FX We thank Marc Ramsey for guidance on running POW-ER in a batch mode, and Steve Upton for assistance in linking to POW-ER from the FFCSB program. This work was supported in part by grants from the Center for Edge Power3 at the Naval Postgraduate School, by the Modeling and Simulation Coordination Office for the Joint Test and Evaluation Methodology project, and by Netcentric Systems Test/Science and Technology program. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1381-298X J9 COMPUT MQTH ORGAN TH JI Comput. Math. Organ. Theory PD SEP PY 2009 VL 15 IS 3 BP 237 EP 257 DI 10.1007/s10588-009-9059-1 PG 21 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 529PR UT WOS:000272530200004 ER PT J AU Garfinkel, S Farrell, P Roussev, V Dinolt, G AF Garfinkel, Simson Farrell, Paul Roussev, Vassil Dinolt, George TI Bringing science to digital forensics with standardized forensic corpora SO DIGITAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article CT 9th Annual DFRWA Conference 2009 CY AUG 17-19, 2009 CL Montreal, CANADA DE Forensics; Human subjects research; Corpora; Real data corpus; Realistic data AB Progress in computer forensics research has been limited by the lack of a standardized data sets-corpora-that are available for research purposes. We explain why corpora are needed to further forensic research, present a taxonomy for describing corpora, and announce the availability of several forensic data sets. (C) 2009 Digital Forensic Research Workshop. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Garfinkel, Simson; Farrell, Paul; Dinolt, George] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Grad Sch Operat & Informat Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Garfinkel, Simson] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Roussev, Vassil] Univ New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. RP Garfinkel, S (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Grad Sch Operat & Informat Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM slgarfin@nps.edu NR 24 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1742-2876 J9 DIGIT INVEST JI Digit. Investig. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 6 BP S2 EP S11 DI 10.1016/j.diin.2009.06.016 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA 490FR UT WOS:000269484800002 ER PT J AU Aguilar, PV Camargo, W Vargas, J Guevara, C Roca, Y Felices, V Laguna-Torres, VA Tesh, R Ksiazek, TG Kochel, TJ AF Aguilar, Patricia V. Camargo, Wilfredo Vargas, Jorge Guevara, Carolina Roca, Yelin Felices, Vidal Alberto Laguna-Torres, V. Tesh, Robert Ksiazek, Thomas G. Kochel, Tadeusz J. TI Reemergence of Bolivian Hemorrhagic Fever, 2007-2008 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; VIRUS C1 [Aguilar, Patricia V.; Guevara, Carolina; Felices, Vidal; Alberto Laguna-Torres, V.; Kochel, Tadeusz J.] USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. [Vargas, Jorge; Roca, Yelin] Ctr Nacl Enfermedades Trop, Santa Cruz, Bolivia. [Camargo, Wilfredo] El Serv Dept Salud, Beni, Bolivia. [Tesh, Robert] Univ Texas Med Branch, Galveston, TX USA. [Ksiazek, Thomas G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Aguilar, PV (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment, 3230 Lima Pl, Washington, DC 20521 USA. EM patricia.aguilar@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 8 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD SEP PY 2009 VL 15 IS 9 BP 1526 EP 1528 DI 10.3201/eid1509.090017 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 490NK UT WOS:000269507500037 PM 19788833 ER PT J AU Dikici, B Dean, SW Pantoya, ML Levitas, VI Jouet, RJ AF Dikici, Birce Dean, Steven W. Pantoya, Michelle L. Levitas, Valery I. Jouet, R. Jason TI Influence of Aluminum Passivation on the Reaction Mechanism: Flame Propagation Studies SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID POLYMORPHIC PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; NANOPARTICLE OXIDATION; IGNITION; NANOCOMPOSITES; NANOPOWDERS; THERMITES AB Currently, two main known mechanisms of aluminum (Al) nanoparticle reaction are discussed in the literature, namely these based on diffusion through an oxide shell melt dispersion. The two mechanisms lead to opposite predictions in nanoparticle design. This diffusion mechanism suggests that the reduction or complete elimination of the oxide shell will increase Al reactivity, whereas the melt-dispersion mechanism suggests an increase in initial oxide thickness up to an optimal value. The goal of this study is to perform critical experiments in a confined flame tube apparatus to compare these two predictions. Specifically, the flame propagation rates of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid (C13F27COOH). treated Al nanoparticles with and without an alumina shell were measured. Results show that when there is no alumina passivation shell encasing the Al core, the flame rate decreases by a factor of 22-95 and peak pressure decease by 3 orders of manitude, in comparision with the A1 particles with an oxide shell. These results imply that the melt-dispersion reaction mechanism is responisble for high flame propagation rates observed in these confined tube experiments. C1 [Dikici, Birce; Dean, Steven W.; Pantoya, Michelle L.; Levitas, Valery I.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Levitas, Valery I.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Levitas, Valery I.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Levitas, Valery I.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Jouet, R. Jason] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Div, Res & Technol Dept, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. RP Pantoya, ML (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM michelle.pantoya@ttu.edu FU Army Research Office [W911NF-04-1-0217]; Office of Naval Research [N000140810104]; National Science Foundation [CBET-0755236] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the Army Research Office contract W911NF-04-1-0217 (program director Dr. Ralph Anthenien), Office of Naval Research contract N000140810104 (program director Dr. Clifford Bedford), and National Science Foundation grant CBET-0755236 (program director Dr. Phillip Westmereland. NR 20 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD SEP PY 2009 VL 23 BP 4231 EP 4235 DI 10.1021/ef801116x PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 505EG UT WOS:000270671500004 ER PT J AU Guo, Y Tao, GH Joo, YH Wang, RH Twamley, B Parrish, DA Shreeve, JM AF Guo, Yong Tao, Guo-Hong Joo, Young-Hyuk Wang, Ruihu Twamley, Brendan Parrish, Damon A. Shreeve, Jean'ne M. TI Impact Insensitive Dianionic Dinitrourea Salts: The CN4O52- Anion Paired with Nitrogen-Rich Cations SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID ENERGETIC IONIC LIQUIDS; THERMOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; DINITRAMIDE; DENSITY; N,N'-DINITROUREA; NITRATE; FAMILY; 5-AMINOTETRAZOLES; PERCHLORATE; DERIVATIVES AB Having examined the energetic properties of dinitrourea (DNU) as it monoanion, this study was extended to the syntheses and characterization or ten DNU dianionic sails by the metathesis of tetrazolium and guanidinium sulfates with in situ-generated barium DNU in aqueous solution, These materials are impact insensitive. They were fully characterized by NMR, elemental analysis, IR, DSC, and TGA. Bis(guanylguanidinium) DNU dianionic salt (9) crystallizes in the triclinic space group P-1, The detonation pressure (P) values calculated for these salts range from 19.6 to 29.1 GPa, and the detonation velocities (gamma(D)) range from 7521 to 8908 m/s, which make them competitive energetic materials. The chlorine-free DNU dianionic salts are green, and the straightforward synthesis. The process avoids the use of costly silver DNU dianion compares, very favorably with dinitramide as it novel oxidative Species. C1 [Guo, Yong; Tao, Guo-Hong; Joo, Young-Hyuk; Wang, Ruihu; Twamley, Brendan; Shreeve, Jean'ne M.] Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Parrish, Damon A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Shreeve, JM (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM jshreeve@uidaho.edu RI Wang, Ruihu/B-3399-2012 NR 75 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 EI 1520-5029 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD SEP PY 2009 VL 23 BP 4567 EP 4574 DI 10.1021/ef900691q PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 505EG UT WOS:000270671500046 ER PT J AU Mungan, CE AF Mungan, Carl E. TI Chemical potential of one-dimensional simple harmonic oscillators SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION AB Expressions for the chemical potential of an Einstein solid, and of ideal Fermi and Bose gases in an external one-dimensional oscillatory trap, are calculated by two different methods and are all found to share the same functional form. These derivations are easier than traditional textbook calculations for an ideal gas in an infinite three-dimensional square well. Furthermore, the results indicate some important features of chemical potential that could promote student learning in an introductory course in statistical mechanics at the undergraduate level. C1 USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Mungan, CE (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM mungan@usna.edu FU U.S. Naval Academy FX This work was supported by a Kinnear fellowship from the U.S. Naval Academy. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0143-0807 J9 EUR J PHYS JI Eur. J. Phys. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 30 IS 5 BP 1131 EP 1136 DI 10.1088/0143-0807/30/5/019 PG 6 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA 490CK UT WOS:000269474700019 ER PT J AU Mungan, CE AF Mungan, Carl E. TI Comment on 'The two-capacitor problem revisited: a mechanical harmonic oscillator approach' SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material AB An expression is developed for the energy dissipated when a constant external force is suddenly applied to the end of a particle moving in 1D subject to a conservative restoring force and a general damping force. Assuming the particle was initially at rest and ends up in static equilibrium, the fraction of the mechanical energy lost depends only on the conservative force and on the net displacement of the particle. Mechanical models are suggested to illustrate the ideas and their capacitor circuit analogies. The treatment is appropriate for an intermediate-level undergraduate mechanics course. C1 USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Mungan, CE (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM mungan@usna.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0143-0807 J9 EUR J PHYS JI Eur. J. Phys. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 30 IS 5 BP L59 EP L63 DI 10.1088/0143-0807/30/5/L01 PG 5 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA 490CK UT WOS:000269474700027 ER PT J AU Kantsyrev, VL Safronova, AS Esaulov, AA Williamson, KM Shrestha, I Yilmaz, F Osborne, GC Weller, ME Ouart, ND Shlyaptseva, VV Rudakov, LI Chuvatin, AS Velikovich, AL AF Kantsyrev, V. L. Safronova, A. S. Esaulov, A. A. Williamson, K. M. Shrestha, I. Yilmaz, F. Osborne, G. C. Weller, M. E. Ouart, N. D. Shlyaptseva, V. V. Rudakov, L. I. Chuvatin, A. S. Velikovich, A. L. TI A review of new wire arrays with open and closed magnetic configurations at the 1.6 MA Zebra generator for radiative properties and opacity effects SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS LA English DT Review DE Z-pinch; Wire arrays; Radiative properties; Opacity ID X-PINCHES; PLANAR AB The studies emphasize investigation of plasma formation, implosion, and radiation features as a function of two load configurations: compact multi-planar and cylindrical wire arrays. Experiments with different Z-pinch loads were performed on 1.6 MA, 100 ns, Zebra generator at University of Nevada, Reno. The multi-planar wire arrays (PWAs) were studied in open and closed configurations with Al, Cu, brass, Mo and W wires. In the open magnetic configurations (single, double, triple PWAs) magnetic fields are present inside the arrays from the beginning of discharge, while in closed configurations (prism-like PWA) the global magnetic field is excluded inside before plasma flow occurs. The new prism-like PWA allows high flexibility in control of implosion dynamics and precursor formation. The spectral modeling, magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) and wire ablation dynamic model (WADM) codes were used to describe the plasma evolution and plasma parameters. Experimentally observed electron temperature and density in multiple bright spots reached 1.4 keV and 5 x 10(21) cm(-3), respectively. Two types of bright spots were observed. With peak currents up to 1.3 MA opacity effects became more pronounced and led to a limiting of the X-ray yields from compact cylindrical arrays. Despite different magnetic energy to plasma coupling mechanisms early in the implosion a comparison of compact double PWA and cylindrical WA results indicates that during the stagnation stage the same plasma heating mechanism may occur. The double PWA was found to be the best radiator tested at University scale 1 MA generator. It is characterized by a combination of larger yield and power, mm-scale size, and provides the possibility of radiation pulse shaping. Further, the newer configuration, the double PWA with skewed wires, was tested and showed the possibility of a more effective X-ray generation. (c) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kantsyrev, V. L.; Safronova, A. S.; Esaulov, A. A.; Williamson, K. M.; Shrestha, I.; Yilmaz, F.; Osborne, G. C.; Weller, M. E.; Ouart, N. D.; Shlyaptseva, V. V.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Rudakov, L. I.] Icarus Res Inc, Bethesda, MD 20824 USA. [Chuvatin, A. S.] Ecole Polytech, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Velikovich, A. L.] USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kantsyrev, VL (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, 1664 N Virginia St, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM victor@physics.unr.edu FU DOE/NNSA [DE-FC52-06NA27586, DE-FC52-06NA27588, DE-FC52 06NA27616] FX Work was supported by DOE/NNSA under Cooperative Agreements DE-FC52-06NA27586, DE-FC52-06NA27588 and in part by DE-FC52 06NA27616. NR 34 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-1818 J9 HIGH ENERG DENS PHYS JI High Energy Density Phys. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 5 IS 3 BP 115 EP 123 DI 10.1016/j.hedp.2009.04.001 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 657LE UT WOS:000282413400001 ER PT J AU Powley, EH AF Powley, Edward H. TI Reclaiming resilience and safety: Resilience activation in the critical period of crisis SO HUMAN RELATIONS LA English DT Article DE liminality; organizational crisis; organizational healing; organizational theory; resilience; social mechanisms ID DISASTER VICTIMS SPEAK; POSITIVE EMOTIONS; MINDFULNESS; EXPERIENCES; COMPASSION; ADJUSTMENT; FRIENDSHIP; STRENGTH; PARADOX; STORIES AB When external events disrupt the normal flow of organizational and relational routines and practices, an organization's latent capacity to rebound activates to enable positive adaptation and bounce back. This article examines an unexpected organizational crisis (a shooting and standoff in a business school) and presents a model for how resilience becomes activated in such situations. Three social mechanisms describe resilience activation. Liminal suspension describes how crisis temporarily undoes and alters formal relational structures and opens a temporal space for organization members to form and renew relationships. Compassionate witnessing describes how organization members' interpersonal connections and opportunities for engagement respond to individuals' needs. And relational redundancy describes how organization members' social capital and connections across organizational and functional boundaries activate relational networks that enable resilience. Narrative accounts from the incident support the induced model. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA USA. RP Powley, EH (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA USA. EM ehpowley@nps.edu NR 99 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 7 U2 50 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0018-7267 J9 HUM RELAT JI Hum. Relat. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 62 IS 9 BP 1289 EP 1326 DI 10.1177/0018726709334881 PG 38 WC Management; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Business & Economics; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA 482RP UT WOS:000268906700003 ER PT J AU Loyola, DGR Hilsenrath, E Reid, JS Braathen, G AF Loyola, Diego G. R. Hilsenrath, Ernest Reid, Jeffrey S. Braathen, Geir TI Introduction to the Issue on Fostering Applications of Earth Observations of the Atmosphere SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Loyola, Diego G. R.] German Aerosp Ctr, Remote Sensing Technol Inst, D-82234 Oberpfaffenhofen, Wessling, Germany. [Hilsenrath, Ernest] NASA Headquarters, Div Earth Sci, Washington, DC 20546 USA. [Reid, Jeffrey S.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Braathen, Geir] World Meteorol Org, Environm Div, CH-1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland. RP Loyola, DGR (reprint author), German Aerosp Ctr, Remote Sensing Technol Inst, D-82234 Oberpfaffenhofen, Wessling, Germany. EM diego.loyola@dlr.de; ernest.hilsenrath@nasa.gov; jeffrey.reid@nrlmry.navy.mil; gbraathen@wmo.int OI Loyola R., Diego G./0000-0002-8547-9350 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1939-1404 J9 IEEE J-STARS JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sens. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 2 IS 3 BP 142 EP 143 DI 10.1109/JSTARS.2009.2035021 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 515BN UT WOS:000271441400001 ER PT J AU Reid, JS Hyer, EJ Prins, EM Westphal, DL Zhang, JL Wang, J Christopher, SA Curtis, CA Schmidt, CC Eleuterio, DP Richardson, KA Hoffman, JP AF Reid, Jeffrey S. Hyer, Edward J. Prins, Elaine M. Westphal, Douglas L. Zhang, Jianglong Wang, Jun Christopher, Sundar A. Curtis, Cynthia A. Schmidt, Christopher C. Eleuterio, Daniel P. Richardson, Kim A. Hoffman, Jay P. TI Global Monitoring and Forecasting of Biomass-Burning Smoke: Description of and Lessons From the Fire Locating and Modeling of Burning Emissions (FLAMBE) Program SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Aerosol forecasting; biomass burning; modeling; satellite applications ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; RADIATIVE ENERGY; UNITED-STATES; DIURNAL FIRE; SCAR-B; MODIS; SATELLITE; PRODUCTS; AEROSOLS; FOREST AB Recently, global biomass-burning research has grown from what was primarily a climate field to include a vibrant air quality observation and forecasting community. While new fire monitoring systems are based on fundamental Earth Systems Science (ESS) research, adaptation to the forecasting problem requires special procedures and simplifications. In a reciprocal manner, results from the air quality research community have contributed scientifically to basic ESS. To help exploit research and data products in climate, ESS, meteorology and air quality biomass burning communities, the joint Navy, NASA, NOAA, and University Fire Locating and Modeling of Burning Emissions (FLAMBE) program was formed in 1999. Based upon the operational NOAA/NESDIS Wild-Fire Automated Biomass Burning Algorithm (WF_ABBA) and the near real time University of Maryland/NASA MODIS fire products coupled to the operational Navy Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System (NAAPS) transport model, FLAMBE is a combined ESS and operational system to study the nature of smoke particle emissions and transport at the synoptic to continental scales. In this paper, we give an overview of the FLAMBE system and present fundamental metrics on emission and transport patterns of smoke. We also provide examples on regional smoke transport mechanisms and demonstrate that MODIS optical depth data assimilation provides significant variance reduction against observations. Using FLAMBE as a context, throughout the paper we discuss observability issues surrounding the biomass burning system and the subsequent propagation of error. Current indications are that regional particle emissions estimates still have integer factors of uncertainty. C1 [Reid, Jeffrey S.; Hyer, Edward J.] Univ Corp Atmospher Res Visiting Scientist Progra, Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Prins, Elaine M.; Schmidt, Christopher C.; Hoffman, Jay P.] Univ Wisconsin, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Zhang, Jianglong] Univ N Dakota, Dept Atmospher Sci, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. [Wang, Jun] Univ Nebraska, Dept Geosci, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. [Christopher, Sundar A.] Univ Alabama, Dept Atmospher Sci, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. [Eleuterio, Daniel P.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Reid, JS (reprint author), Univ Corp Atmospher Res Visiting Scientist Progra, Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jeffrey.reid@nrlmry.navy.mil; ehyer@ucar.edu; elaine.prins@ssec.wisc.edu; douglas.westphal@nrlmry.navy.mil; jzhang@aero.und.edu; jwang7@unlnotes.unl.edu; sundar@nsstc.uah.edu; curtis@nrlmry.navy.mil; chris.schmidt@ssec.wisc.edu; kim.richardson@nrlmry.navy.mil; jhoffman1@wisc.edu RI Hyer, Edward/E-7734-2011; Christopher, Sundar/E-6781-2011; Reid, Jeffrey/B-7633-2014; OI Hyer, Edward/0000-0001-8636-2026; Reid, Jeffrey/0000-0002-5147-7955; HOFFMAN, JAY/0000-0002-1127-6294 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration Interdisciplinary Science; Office of Naval Research; NASA Interdisciplinary Science; NASA New Investigator; Radiation Science FX Manuscript received March 18, 2009; revised June 12, 2009. First published August 18, 2009; current version published October 28, 2009. This work was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Interdisciplinary Science Program and the Office of Naval Research Codes 32 and 35. The FLAMBE program is funded by the NASA Interdisciplinary Science Program and the Office of Naval Research Code 322. J. Wang's participation in this paper was supported by the NASA New Investigator Program and Radiation Science Program. NR 86 TC 118 Z9 120 U1 5 U2 30 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1939-1404 EI 2151-1535 J9 IEEE J-STARS JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sens. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 2 IS 3 BP 144 EP 162 DI 10.1109/JSTARS.2009.2027443 PG 19 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 515BN UT WOS:000271441400002 ER PT J AU Massey, D Denning, DE AF Massey, Daniel Denning, Dorothy E. TI Securing the Domain Name System Introduction SO IEEE SECURITY & PRIVACY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Massey, Daniel] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Denning, Dorothy E.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, Monterey, CA USA. RP Massey, D (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM massey@cs.colostate.edu; dedennin@nps.edu NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1540-7993 J9 IEEE SECUR PRIV JI IEEE Secur. Priv. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 7 IS 5 BP 11 EP 13 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 507LU UT WOS:000270855800003 ER PT J AU Baumgartner, KAC Ferrari, S Wettergren, TA AF Baumgartner, Kelli A. C. Ferrari, Silvia Wettergren, Thomas A. TI Robust Deployment of Dynamic Sensor Networks for Cooperative Track Detection SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Cooperative; coverage; current; deployment; detection; network; ocean; optimization; sensors; sonobuoy; target; track; tracking; velocity field ID BAYESIAN NETWORKS; OPTIMIZATION; COVERAGE; SYSTEMS AB The problem of cooperative track detection by a dynamic sensor network arises in many applications, including security and surveillance, and tracking of endangered species. Several authors have recently shown that the quality-of-service of these networks can be statically optimized by placing the sensors in the region of interest (ROI) via mathematical programming. However, if the sensors are subject to external forcing, such as winds or currents, they may be rapidly displaced, and their quality-of-service may be significantly deteriorated over time. The novel approach presented in this paper consists of placing the sensors in the ROI based on their future displacement, which can be estimated from environmental forecasts and sensor dynamic models. The sensor network deployment is viewed as a new problem in dynamic computational geometry, in which the initial positions of a family of circles with time-varying radii and positions are to be optimized subject to sets of algebraic and differential equations. When these equations are nonlinear and time-varying, the optimization problem does not have an exact solution, or global optimum, but can be approximated as a finite-dimensional nonlinear program by discretizing the quality-of-service and the dynamic models with respect to time. Then, a near-optimal solution for the initial sensor positions is sought by means of sequential quadratic programming. The numerical results show that this approach can improve quality-of-service by up to a factor of five compared to existing techniques, and its performance is robust to propagated modeling and deployment errors. C1 [Baumgartner, Kelli A. C.; Ferrari, Silvia] Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Wettergren, Thomas A.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Baumgartner, KAC (reprint author), Analex Corp, Subsidiary QinetiQ N Amer, Mission Anal Branch, Brookpark, OH 44142 USA. EM kacb@alumni.duke.edu; sferrari@duke.edu; t.a.wettergren@ieee.org OI Wettergren, Thomas/0000-0002-6623-8412 NR 80 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1530-437X J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 9 IS 9 BP 1029 EP 1048 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2009.2025836 PG 20 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 477OL UT WOS:000268528300004 ER PT J AU Rothenhaus, KJ Michael, JB Shing, MT AF Rothenhaus, Kurt Joseph Michael, James Bret Shing, Man-Tak TI Architectural Patterns and Auto-Fusion Process for Automated Multisensor Fusion in SOA System-of-Systems SO IEEE SYSTEMS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Data management; extensible command and control; multisensor fusion; service-oriented architectures; software design patterns AB This paper addresses the need to efficiently fuse data from multiple sources and effectively control and monitor the distribution of the data in a dynamic service-oriented architecture based command and control system of systems. We present an architecture framework consisting of two software architectural patterns and an auto-fusion process to guide the development of distributed and scalable systems to support improved data fusion and distribution. We demonstrate the technical feasibility of applying the patterns and process by prototyping an auto-fusion system. C1 [Rothenhaus, Kurt Joseph] USS Harry S Truman CVN 75, Fpo, AE 09524 USA. [Michael, James Bret; Shing, Man-Tak] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Rothenhaus, KJ (reprint author), USS Harry S Truman CVN 75, Fpo, AE 09524 USA. EM kurt.rothenhaus@gmail.com; bmichael@nps.edu; shing@nps.edu FU PEO C4I & Space, PMW 120, Department of Navy [N6600107WR00222] FX This work was supported in part by the PEO C4I & Space, PMW 120, Department of Navy, under Grant N6600107WR00222. The views and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of the U. S. Government. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1932-8184 J9 IEEE SYST J JI IEEE Syst. J. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 3 IS 3 BP 304 EP 316 DI 10.1109/JSYST.2009.2022572 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Telecommunications GA 549CG UT WOS:000274019000005 ER PT J AU Thomas, A Turner, T Soderlund, S AF Thomas, Alan Turner, Thomas Soderlund, Scott TI Net-Centric Adapter for Legacy Systems SO IEEE SYSTEMS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Legacy systems; mission-critical systems; service-oriented architecture; software engineering; systems engineering ID WEB SERVICES AB The Net-Centric Adapter for Legacy Systems (NCALS) is a software technology that makes legacy system data and services available in near real-time to the military Global Information Grid (GIG). The intent of NCALS is to lower the cost and risk, and to decrease the time required for legacy systems to comply with U. S. Department of Defense (DoD) net-centric technical standards. Many different systems could use a common, configurable NCALS software component to comply with these standards. The benefit to the warfighter is improved interoperability with joint and coalition forces. NCALS enables legacy systems to move to a Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) compatible with the GIG without requiring a costly and risky re-architecture of their legacy software. In addition, NCALS enables mission critical systems such as weapon systems to segregate their real-time, mission critical software from enterprise integration software. This maintains the safety and security required by such systems, while accommodating rapid changes in Internet-based, enterprise technologies. This paper will discuss the legacy system challenge and describe a technology prototype developed by the Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) Dahlgren to realize the NCALS concept. The prototype works automatically, behind the scenes, to expose legacy data to the GIG and to make GIG data available to legacy systems. C1 [Thomas, Alan; Turner, Thomas; Soderlund, Scott] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. RP Thomas, A (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. EM james.a.thomas@navy.mil FU Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren FX This work was supported by the Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren under its Discretionary Technical Investment Program. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1932-8184 J9 IEEE SYST J JI IEEE Syst. J. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 3 IS 3 BP 336 EP 342 DI 10.1109/JSYST.2009.2025813 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Telecommunications GA 549CG UT WOS:000274019000008 ER PT J AU Javier, A Foos, EE AF Javier, Artjay Foos, Edward E. TI Nanocrystal Photovoltaic Paint Sprayed With a Handheld Airbrush SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fabrication; nanotechnology; photovoltaic (PV) cells; thin films ID SOLAR-CELLS; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; SHAPE-CONTROL; POLYMER; HETEROJUNCTION; DEPOSITION; MECHANISMS; FILMS AB A complete photovoltaic cell was fabricated using only a handheld airbrush, dilute solutions of CdSe and CdTe nanorods, commercially available silver paint, and transparent-conducting-electrode-coated glass. Produced and stored under ambient conditions, these fully functioning solar cells are stable for months. As a heterojunction cell, the migration of carriers within the CdTe and CdSe layers is polarity-dependent, which directly contributes to the photoinduced voltaic cell response observed. The suitability of a handheld airbrush to create high-quality films by varying solution concentration, air pressure, and nanorod surface functionalization was explored. Notably, ultrasmooth surfaces comparable to spin-coated quality films can be formed from 20 to 500 nm thickness, with continuous, uninterrupted optical domains such that strong light diffraction is observed. While current estimated efficiency is low(<0.01%), this method demonstrates the potential of solar cells that can be incorporated into a variety of devices of unconventional size or design. C1 [Javier, Artjay; Foos, Edward E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Javier, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM artjay.javier@gmail.com; edward.foos@nrl.navy.mil FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency-Defense Science Office (DARPA-DSO); American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) FX Manuscript received October 24, 2008; revised December 30, 2008. First published April 14, 2009; current version published September 4, 2009. This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency-Defense Science Office (DARPA-DSO). The work of A. Javier was supported by the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) under Post-Doctoral Fellowship. The review of this paper was arranged by Associate Editor S. Krishna. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1536-125X J9 IEEE T NANOTECHNOL JI IEEE Trans. Nanotechnol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 8 IS 5 BP 569 EP 573 DI 10.1109/TNANO.2009.2020796 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 492UC UT WOS:000269684400002 ER PT J AU MacGregor, AJ Corson, KS Larson, GE Shaffer, RA Dougherty, AL Galarneau, MR Raman, R Baker, DG Lindsay, SP Golomb, BA AF MacGregor, Andrew J. Corson, Karen S. Larson, Gerald E. Shaffer, Richard A. Dougherty, Amber L. Galarneau, Michael R. Raman, Rema Baker, Dewleen G. Lindsay, Suzanne P. Golomb, Beatrice A. TI Injury-specific predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder SO INJURY-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE CARE OF THE INJURED LA English DT Article DE Combat injury; Military; Posttraumatic stress disorder; Operation Iraqi Freedom ID MOTOR-VEHICLE ACCIDENT; COMBAT TRAUMA REGISTRY; ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENT; HEART-RATE; FOLLOW-UP; PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL AROUSAL; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; SEVERITY SCORE; OKLAHOMA-CITY; RISK-FACTORS AB Objective: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an important source of morbidity in military personnel, but its relationship with characteristics of battle injury has not been well defined. The aim of this study was to characterise the relationship between injury-related factors and PTSD among a population of battle injuries. Patients and methods: A total of 831 American military personnel injured during combat between September 2004 and February 2005 composed the study population. Patients were followed through November 2006 for diagnosis of PTSD (ICD-9 309.81) or any mental health outcome (ICD-9 290-319). Results: During the follow-up period, 31.3% of patients received any type of mental health diagnosis and 17.0% received a PTSD diagnosis. Compared with minor injuries those with moderate (odds ratio [OR], 2.37; 95% confidence interval [Cl], 1.61-3.48), serious (OR, 4.07; 95% Cl, 2.55-6.50), and severe (OR, 5.22; 95% Cl, 2.74-9.96) injuries were at greater risk of being diagnosed with any mental health outcome. Similar results were found for serious (OR, 3.03; 95% Cl, 1.81-5.08) and severe (OR, 3.21; 95% Cl, 1.62-6.33) injuries with PTSD diagnosis. Those with gunshot wounds were at greater risk of any mental health diagnosis, but not PTSD, in comparison with other mechanisms of injury (OR 2.07; 95% Cl, 1.35, 3.19). Diastolic blood pressure measured postinjury was associated with any mental health outcome, and the effect was modified by injury severity. Conclusions: Injury severity was a significant predictor of any mental health diagnosis and PTSD diagnosis. Gunshot wounds and diastolic blood pressure were significant predictors of any mental health diagnosis, but not PTSD. Further studies are needed to replicate these results and elucidate potential mechanisms for these associations. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [MacGregor, Andrew J.; Dougherty, Amber L.; Galarneau, Michael R.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Med Modeling Simulat & Mission Support, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Shaffer, Richard A.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, DoD HIV AIDS Prevent Program, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Dougherty, Amber L.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Hlth Res & Appl Technol Div, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Raman, Rema] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Baker, Dewleen G.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Baker, Dewleen G.] VA San Diego Healthcare Syst, Psychiat Serv, San Diego, CA USA. [Lindsay, Suzanne P.] San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Golomb, Beatrice A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Dougherty, AL (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Med Modeling Simulat & Mission Support, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM amber.dougherty@med.navy.mil FU U.S. Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery; Psychological Health and Traumatic Brain Injury Program, Washington, DC FX This work was supported by The U.S. Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Psychological Health and Traumatic Brain Injury Program, Washington, DC under work unit 60332. The views and opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the United States Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, nor the U.S. Government. This research has been conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research (Protocol NHRC.2007.0004). NR 58 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 5 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-1383 J9 INJURY JI Injury-Int. J. Care Inj. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 40 IS 9 BP 1004 EP 1010 DI 10.1016/j.injury.2009.04.006 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Emergency Medicine; Orthopedics; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Emergency Medicine; Orthopedics; Surgery GA 487KE UT WOS:000269271500019 PM 19524912 ER PT J AU Luca, F Stanica, P AF Luca, Florian Stanica, Pantelimon TI ON MACHIN'S FORMULA WITH POWERS OF THE GOLDEN SECTION SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NUMBER THEORY LA English DT Article DE pi; golden section; primitive divisors; Fibonacci; Lucas numbers AB In this note, we find all solutions of the equation pi/4 = a arctan(phi(kappa)) + b arctan(phi(l)), in integers kappa and l and rational numbers a and b, where phi is the golden section. C1 [Luca, Florian] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Stanica, Pantelimon] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Luca, F (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Matemat, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. EM fluca@matmor.unam.mx; pstanica@nps.edu RI Stanica, Pante/D-4017-2009 FU CONACYT [46755]; Naval Postgraduate School RIP FX The authors would like to thank the anonymous referee for comments which improved the quality of this paper. Work by the first author was done while he visited Williams College. He was also supported in part by Grant SEP-CONACYT 46755. The second author was partially supported by the Naval Postgraduate School RIP funding. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 1793-0421 J9 INT J NUMBER THEORY JI Int. J. Number Theory PD SEP PY 2009 VL 5 IS 6 BP 973 EP 979 DI 10.1142/S1793042109002493 PG 7 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 505MM UT WOS:000270697700003 ER PT J AU Bautista, CT Singer, DE O'Connell, RJ Crum-Cianflone, N Agan, BK Malia, JA Sanchez, JL Peel, SA Michael, NL Scott, PT AF Bautista, C. T. Singer, D. E. O'Connell, R. J. Crum-Cianflone, N. Agan, B. K. Malia, J. A. Sanchez, J. L. Peel, S. A. Michael, N. L. Scott, P. T. TI Herpes simplex virus type 2 and HIV infection among US military personnel: implications for health prevention programmes SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STD & AIDS LA English DT Article DE HSV-2; HIV; herpes; co-infection; military; epidemiology; United States ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; GENITAL HERPES; UNITED-STATES; DOUBLE-BLIND; WOMEN; RISK; TRANSMISSION; MEN; VALACYCLOVIR AB US military personnel are routinely screened for HIV infection. Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is a risk factor for HIV acquisition. To determine the association between HSV-2 and HIV, a matched case-control study was conducted among US Army and Air Force servicemembers with incident HIV infections (cases) randomly matched with two HIV-uninfected servicemembers (controls) between 2000 and 2004. HSV-2 prevalence was significantly higher among cases (30.3%, 138/456) than among controls (9.7%, 88/912, P < 0.001). HSV-2 was strongly associated with HIV in univariate (odds ratio [OR] = 4.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.1-5.8) and multiple analyses (adjusted [OR] = 3.9, 95% CI = 2.8-5.6). The population attributable risk percentage of HIV infection due to HSV-2 was 23%. Identifying HSV-2 infections may afford the opportunity to provide targeted behavioural interventions that could decrease the incidence of HIV infections in the US military population; further studies are needed. C1 [Bautista, C. T.; Singer, D. E.; O'Connell, R. J.; Malia, J. A.; Peel, S. A.; Michael, N. L.; Scott, P. T.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [O'Connell, R. J.; Crum-Cianflone, N.; Agan, B. K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, N.] USN, HIV Clin, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Sanchez, J. L.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, DoD Global Emerging Infect Surveillance & Respons, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Bautista, CT (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Div Retrovirol, 1 Taft Court,Suite 250, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM cbautista@hivresearch.org RI Bautista, Christian/B-2812-2011; OI Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669 FU Walter Reed Army Institute of Research FX Data were presented at the Fourth International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention, abstract MOAC101, Sydney, 2007. NR 27 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON W1G 0AE, ENGLAND SN 0956-4624 J9 INT J STD AIDS JI Int. J. STD AIDS PD SEP PY 2009 VL 20 IS 9 BP 634 EP 637 DI 10.1258/ijsa.2008.008413 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 496VT UT WOS:000270008500009 PM 19710337 ER PT J AU Ainsworth, TL Kelly, JP Lee, JS AF Ainsworth, T. L. Kelly, J. P. Lee, J. -S. TI Classification comparisons between dual-pol, compact polarimetric and quad-pol SAR imagery SO ISPRS JOURNAL OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Remote sensing; SAR; Classification ID SYMMETRY PROPERTIES AB We present a study of the polarimetric information content of dual-pol imaging modes and dual-pol imaging extended by polarimetric scattering models. We compare Wishart classifications both among the partial polarimetric datasets and against the full quad-pol dataset. Our emphasis is the inter-comparisons between the classification results based on dual-pol modes, compact polarimetric modes and scattering model extensions of the compact polarimetric modes. We primarily consider novel dual-pol modes, e.g. transmitting a circular polarization and receiving horizontal and vertical polarizations, and the pseudo-quad-pol data derived from polarimetric scattering models based on dual-pol data. We show that the overall classification accuracy of the pseudo-quad-pol data is essential the same as the classification accuracy obtained directly employing the underlying dual-pol imagery. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Inc. (ISPRS). C1 [Ainsworth, T. L.; Kelly, J. P.; Lee, J. -S.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ainsworth, TL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7263,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ainsworth@nrl.navy.mil NR 14 TC 60 Z9 66 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-2716 J9 ISPRS J PHOTOGRAMM JI ISPRS-J. Photogramm. Remote Sens. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 64 IS 5 BP 464 EP 471 DI 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2008.12.008 PG 8 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 540ZS UT WOS:000273381000005 ER PT J AU Hsiao, LF Peng, MS Chen, DS Huang, KN Yeh, TC AF Hsiao, Ling-Feng Peng, Melinda S. Chen, Der-Song Huang, Kang-Ning Yeh, Tien-Chiang TI Sensitivity of Typhoon Track Predictions in a Regional Prediction System to Initial and Lateral Boundary Conditions SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL CYCLONE MOTION; POTENTIAL VORTICITY DIAGNOSTICS; CENTRAL-WEATHER-BUREAU; HURRICANE MOVEMENT; SINGULAR VECTORS; CLIMATE MODEL; HERB 1996; PART I; FORECAST; TAIWAN AB Tropical cyclone (TC) track predictions from the operational regional nonhydrostatic TC forecast system of the Taiwanese Central Weather Bureau (CWB) are examined for their sensitivities to initial and lateral boundary conditions. Five experiments are designed and discussed, each using a combination of different initial and lateral boundary conditions coming either from the CWB or the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) global forecast system. Eight typhoons in the western Pacific Ocean with 51 cases in 2004 and 2005 are tested with the five designed experiments for the 3-day forecast. The average track forecasts are the best when both the initial and lateral boundary conditions are from the NCEP global forecast system. This reflects the generally superior performance of the NCEP global forecast system relative to that of the CWB. Using different lateral boundary conditions has a greater impact on the track than using different initial conditions. Diagnostics using piecewise inversion of potential vorticity perturbations are carried out to identify synoptic features surrounding the featured typhoon that impact the track the most in each experiment. For the two cases demonstrated with the largest track improvement using NCEP global fields, the diagnostics indicate that the prediction of the strength and extent of the subtropical high in the western Pacific plays the major role in affecting these storm tracks. Using the analysis and predictions of the CWB global forecast system as the initial and lateral boundary conditions produces an overintensified subtropical ridge in the regional TC forecast model. Because most of the typhoons studied are located in the southwestern peripheral of the western Pacific subtropical high, the stronger steering from the more intense and extended high system is the main cause of the poleward bias in the predicted typhoon tracks in the operational run, which uses the CWB global forecast fields. The study suggests that, when efforts are made to improve a regional TC forecast model, it is also critically important to improve the global forecast system that provides the lateral boundary and initial conditions to the regional system. C1 [Hsiao, Ling-Feng; Chen, Der-Song; Huang, Kang-Ning; Yeh, Tien-Chiang] Cent Weather Bur, Taipei 10048, Taiwan. [Peng, Melinda S.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA USA. RP Hsiao, LF (reprint author), Cent Weather Bur, 64 Gongyuan Rd, Taipei 10048, Taiwan. EM lfhsiao@rdc.cwb.gov.tw FU National Science Council of the Republic of China [NSC94-2119-M-052-001-Ap1, NSC95-2119-M-052-001-Ap1] FX This study was supported by the National Science Council of the Republic of China under Grants NSC94-2119-M-052-001-Ap1 and NSC95-2119-M-052-001-Ap1. The data and the computation resources were provided by the Central Weather Bureau. We are grateful to Prof Chun-Chieh Wu for helping with our piecewise potential vorticity inversion analysis. The authors also thank the two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and suggestions on the manuscript. NR 42 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 48 IS 9 BP 1913 EP 1928 DI 10.1175/2009JAMC2038.1 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 496WA UT WOS:000270009300013 ER PT J AU MacArthur, AHR Copper, CL AF MacArthur, Amy H. Roy Copper, Christine L. TI Alternative Fuels and Hybrid Technology A Classroom Activity Designed To Evaluate a Contemporary Problem SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article C1 [MacArthur, Amy H. Roy; Copper, Christine L.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP MacArthur, AHR (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM ccopper@usna.edu NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-9584 J9 J CHEM EDUC JI J. Chem. Educ. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 86 IS 9 BP 1049 EP 1050 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research GA 482OP UT WOS:000268898900022 ER PT J AU Canedy, CL Lindle, JR Bewley, WW Kim, CS Kim, M Nolde, JA Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR AF Canedy, C. L. Lindle, J. R. Bewley, W. W. Kim, C. S. Kim, M. Nolde, J. A. Vurgaftman, I. Meyer, J. R. TI Interband Cascade Lasers with Wavelengths Spanning 3.2-4.2 mu m SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Semiconductor lasers; mid-infrared lasers; interband cascade lasers; quantum wells; type-II active regions ID NARROW-RIDGE; HIGH-POWER AB We report a detailed experimental investigation of five interband cascade lasers with five active stages each and emitting at wavelengths between 3.2 mu m and 4.2 mu m at room temperature. Pulsed threshold current densities as low as 394 A/cm(2) and voltage efficiencies as high as 76% are obtained at 300 K. The low pulsed threshold power densities (0.9-1.6 kW/cm(2) at 300 K) imply that ambient-temperature cw operation should be possible over the entire spectral band once optimized narrow ridges can be fabricated. C1 [Canedy, C. L.; Lindle, J. R.; Bewley, W. W.; Kim, C. S.; Kim, M.; Nolde, J. A.; Vurgaftman, I.; Meyer, J. R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Canedy, CL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM vurgaftman@nrl.navy.mil NR 15 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 38 IS 9 BP 1948 EP 1951 DI 10.1007/s11664-009-0733-3 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 482IR UT WOS:000268879800018 ER PT J AU Gnau, HL Goodell, GG Imamura, GM AF Gnau, Heather L. Goodell, Gary G. Imamura, Glen M. TI Rapid Chairside Sterilization of Endodontic Files Using 6% Sodium Hypochlorite SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article DE Chairside sterilization; endodontic files; infection control; turbidity ID GUTTA-PERCHA CONES; INSTRUMENTS; DECONTAMINATION; CHLORHEXIDINE; DISINFECTION; MANUFACTURER AB Introduction: The purpose of this study was to assess the percentage of new endodontic files (taken directly from the manufacturers' packages) that were contaminated with viable microorganisms and to determine the amount of time new files needed to be immersed in 6% sodium hypochlorite to achieve sterility. Methods: Endodontic files from four manufacturers were placed either immediately in thioglycolate broth or immersed in 6% sodium hypochlorite for 1, 2, or 5 minutes before placement in the broth. The files were aerobically incubated for 72 hours and sterility determined by the absence of broth turbidity, as determined by a blinded examiner. The data were analyzed using the Cochran-Q test followed by the McNemar test for pair-wise comparisons. The level of statistical significance was set at alpha = 0.05. Results: When pooling all manufacturers' files, no significant differences were found between groups. Conclusion: New files demonstrated a 6% contamination rate and none of the immersion times in NaOCl achieved file sterility. (J Endod 2009;35:1253-1254) C1 [Gnau, Heather L.; Goodell, Gary G.] USN, Sch Postgrad Dent, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. [Imamura, Glen M.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Goodell, GG (reprint author), 12214 Hollow Tree Lane, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM gggoodell@aol.com NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 35 IS 9 BP 1253 EP 1254 DI 10.1016/j.joen.2009.05.032 PG 2 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 493TJ UT WOS:000269760600015 PM 19720225 ER PT J AU Stevens, RE Baker, WP AF Stevens, Robert E. Baker, William P. TI Optimal Control of a Librating Electrodynamic Tether Performing a Multirevolution Orbit Change SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Article AB Satellites that use low-thrust propulsion systems for maneuvering, although efficient, can take a long time to complete significant orbit changes. Determining the nonlinear optimal controls for such multirevolution maneuvers using the instantaneous orbital state dynamics can he riddled with numerical errors and are often subject to long computation times, due to the large number of discretization nodes required by the optimization algorithm. An approach to optimal control of an electrodynamic tether is examined using averaged orbital state dynamics as constraints instead of instantaneous dynamic constraints. A mean-square libration state is introduced in the dynamic model that captures the average of the out-of-plane libration of the tether. A sample long-term optimal orbit change maneuver of a librating electrodynamic tether subject to atmospheric drag is investigated. The method of averaging is employed to transform the optimal control problem from the time domain into Fourier space, in which the complex problem is significantly reduced to a Zermelo-type problem that is solved using a pseudospectral method. To validate the dynamic model of averaged states, the instantaneous states are propagated from the initial conditions using the resulting optimal controls. C1 [Stevens, Robert E.] USN Acad, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Baker, William P.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Math & Stat, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Stevens, RE (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM resteven@aol.com; william.baker@afit.edu NR 16 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0731-5090 J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM JI J. Guid. Control Dyn. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 32 IS 5 BP 1497 EP 1507 DI 10.2514/1.42679 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 496AN UT WOS:000269939800009 ER PT J AU Bierly, PE Stark, EM Kessler, EH AF Bierly, Paul E., III Stark, Eric M. Kessler, Eric H. TI The Moderating Effects of Virtuality on the Antecedents and Outcome of NPD Team Trust SO JOURNAL OF PRODUCT INNOVATION MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID FACE-TO-FACE; DECISION-MAKING; DISTRIBUTED TEAMS; ORGANIZATIONS; CONFLICT; MODEL; DISTRUST; COMMUNICATION; PERFORMANCE; CONTEXT AB The fundamental dynamics of virtual and traditional face-to-face teams may be very different. The purpose of this study is to empirically examine and assess the moderating effects of virtuality on the antecedents and outcome of trust, where virtuality is measured along a continuum from face to face (no virtuality) to fully virtual rather than the more common approach of dichotomizing teams into two groups (i.e., face to face and virtual). The sample includes 116 different new product development teams from a variety of industries. The antecedents of trust that are studied are familiarity, goal clarity, training, relationship conflict, and process conflict. The outcome of trust is analyzed by determining how the impact of trust on cooperation changes as the level of virtuality changes. Primary findings are as follows: (1) Relationship conflict can be more detrimental to virtual teams than face-to-face teams because it is very difficult for team members of virtual teams to resolve their interpersonal disputes; (2) goal clarity is more important for face-to-face teams and less important for virtual teams in creating trust among team members; and (3) the impact of trust on cooperation is less for virtual teams than face-to-face teams. The primary implication for researchers and practice of these findings is that the role and importance of trust in virtual teams needs to be reevaluated. Managers using virtual teams need to realize that interpersonal relationships in virtual teams do not evolve in the same manner as face-to-face teams and may require different management techniques to be successful. C1 [Bierly, Paul E., III] USN, Nucl Power Program, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Bierly, Paul E., III] Princeton Econ Res Inc, Princeton, NJ USA. [Stark, Eric M.] James Madison Univ, Program Management, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. [Kessler, Eric H.] Pace Univ, Lubin Leaders & Scholars Program, New York, NY USA. RP Bierly, PE (reprint author), James Madison Univ, Coll Business, MBA Program, MSC 0206, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. EM bierlype@jmu.edu NR 83 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 29 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0737-6782 EI 1540-5885 J9 J PROD INNOVAT MANAG JI J. Prod. Innov. Manage. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 26 IS 5 BP 551 EP 565 PG 15 WC Business; Engineering, Industrial; Management SC Business & Economics; Engineering GA 468PQ UT WOS:000267831900007 ER PT J AU Kelly, PJ Austin, O AF Kelly, Patricia J. Austin, Obie TI Supporting Soldiers Returning to Our Communities After Combat Missions SO JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOCIAL NURSING AND MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Kelly, Patricia J.] Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Kansas City, MO 64108 USA. [Austin, Obie] USN, Reserves Operat Hosp Support, Unit Dallas Detachment Oscar, Kansas City, MO USA. RP Kelly, PJ (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Kansas City, MO 64108 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0279-3695 J9 J PSYCHOSOC NURS JI J. Psychosoc. Nurs. Ment. Health Serv. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 47 IS 9 BP 4 EP 6 DI 10.3928/02793695-20090730-03 PG 3 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 494JW UT WOS:000269809900001 PM 19772241 ER PT J AU Colosi, JA Morozov, AK AF Colosi, John A. Morozov, Andrey K. TI Statistics of normal mode amplitudes in an ocean with random sound-speed perturbations: Cross-mode coherence and mean intensity SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID NORTH PACIFIC-OCEAN; ACOUSTIC PULSE-PROPAGATION; INTERNAL WAVES; LONG-RANGE; FLUCTUATIONS; SCATTERING; CHANNEL; GUIDE; FIELD AB In this paper Creamer's [(1996). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 99, 2825-2838] transport equation for the mode amplitude coherence matrix resulting from coupled mode propagation through random fields of internal waves is examined in more detail. It is shown that the mode energy equations are approximately independent of the cross mode coherences, and that cross mode coherences and mode energy can evolve over very similar range scales. The decay of cross mode coherence depends on the relative mode phase randomization caused by coupling and adiabatic effects, each of which can be quantified by the theory. This behavior has a dramatic effect on the acoustic field second moments like mean intensity. Comparing estimates of the coherence matrix and mean intensity from Monte Carlo simulation, and the transport equations, good agreement is demonstrated for a 100-Hz deep-water example. (C) 2009 Acoustical Society of America. [DOI: 10.1121/1.3158818] C1 [Colosi, John A.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Morozov, Andrey K.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Appl Ocean Phys & Engn, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP Colosi, JA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 29 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 126 IS 3 BP 1026 EP 1035 DI 10.1121/1.3158818 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 494RR UT WOS:000269833600017 PM 19739715 ER PT J AU Colosi, JA Xu, JS Worcester, PF Dzieciuch, MA Howe, BM Mercer, JA AF Colosi, John A. Xu, Jinshan Worcester, Peter F. Dzieciuch, Matthew A. Howe, Bruce M. Mercer, James A. TI Temporal and vertical scales of acoustic fluctuations for 75-Hz, broadband transmissions to 87-km range in the eastern North Pacific Ocean SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID WAVE-PROPAGATION; RANDOM-MEDIA; LONG-RANGE; PULSE-PROPAGATION; COHERENCE AB Observations of scattering of low-frequency sound in the ocean have focused largely on effects at long ranges, involving multiple scattering events. Fluctuations due to one and two scattering events are analyzed here, using 75-Hz broadband signals transmitted in the eastern North Pacific Ocean. The experimental geometry gives two purely refracted arrivals. The temporal and vertical scales of phase and intensity fluctuations for these two ray paths are compared with predictions based on the weak fluctuation theory of Munk and Zachariasen, which assumes internal-wave-induced sound-speed perturbations [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 59, 818-838 (1976)], The comparisons show that weak fluctuation theory describes the frequency and vertical-wave-number spectra of phase and intensity for the two paths reasonably well. The comparisons also show that a resonance condition exists between the local acoustic ray and the internal-wave field, as predicted by Munk and Zachariasen, such that only internal waves whose crests are parallel to the local ray path contribute to acoustic scattering. This effect leads to filtering of the acoustic spectra relative to the internal-wave spectra, such that steep rays do not acquire scattering contributions due to low-frequency internal waves. (C) 2009 Acoustical Society of America. [DOI: 10.1121/1.3177259] C1 [Colosi, John A.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Xu, Jinshan] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Worcester, Peter F.; Dzieciuch, Matthew A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Howe, Bruce M.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Mercer, James A.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. RP Colosi, JA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RI Dzieciuch, Matthew/F-9342-2013; Howe, Bruce/J-2807-2012 OI Howe, Bruce/0000-0001-5711-5253 NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 126 IS 3 BP 1069 EP 1083 DI 10.1121/1.3177259 PG 15 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 494RR UT WOS:000269833600021 PM 19739719 ER PT J AU Shirley, LCDRED Sponseller, PD AF Shirley, L. C. D. R. Eric D. Sponseller, Paul D. TI Marfan Syndrome SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS LA English DT Review ID DURAL ECTASIA; CONNECTIVE-TISSUE; SURGICAL-MANAGEMENT; PROTRUSIO-ACETABULI; LIFE EXPECTANCY; CERVICAL-SPINE; GENE; PREVALENCE; MUTATIONS; SCOLIOSIS AB Marfan syndrome is a variable autosomal dominant disorder; most cases result from mutations of fibrillin-1. Diagnosis is guided by the Ghent nosology. The condition may manifest in the cardiovascular and ocular systems. Musculoskeletal manifestations include scoliosis, dural ectasia, protrusio acetabuli, and ligamentous laxity. Compared with patients with idiopathic scoliosis, patients with Marfan syndrome tend to have scoliosis that progresses at a faster rate and is more resistant to bracing; undergo scoliosis surgery complicated by greater blood loss, pseudarthrosis, and additional curvature; and have more frequent occurrences of dural ectasia, which may cause headaches, leg pain, or perineal pain. Protrusio acetabuli may result in hip joint arthritis and may require valgus osteotomy or total hip arthroplasty. C1 [Shirley, L. C. D. R. Eric D.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Sponseller, Paul D.] Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Div Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. [Sponseller, Paul D.] Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Johns Hopkins Bayview Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. RP Sponseller, PD (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Johns Hopkins Bayview Med Ctr, A665,4940 Eastern Ave, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ACAD ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS PI ROSEMENT PA 6300 N RIVER ROAD, ROSEMENT, IL 60018-4262 USA SN 1067-151X J9 J AM ACAD ORTHOP SUR JI J. Am. Acad. Orthop. Surg. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 17 IS 9 BP 572 EP 581 PG 10 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 491GL UT WOS:000269566400004 ER PT J AU Hussein, HI Mohamed, I Felt, SA AF Hussein, H. I. Mohamed, I. Felt, S. A. TI The Biology, Breeding, Husbandry, and Diseases of the Captive Fat-Tailed Jird (Pachyuromys duprasi natronensis) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hussein, H. I.; Mohamed, I.] USN, Med Res Unit 3, Ae, AE USA. [Felt, S. A.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 48 IS 5 BP 591 EP 591 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 502SI UT WOS:000270480000208 ER PT J AU Johnson, JF AF Johnson, John F. TI NEUROPATHIC PAIN SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 [Johnson, John F.] USN, Dent Corps, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Johnson, John F.] USN, Orofacial Pain Ctr, Sch Postgrad Dent, Navy Med Manpower Personnel Training & Educ Comma, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. RP Johnson, JF (reprint author), USN, Dent Corps, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DENTAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA SN 0002-8177 J9 J AM DENT ASSOC JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 140 IS 9 BP 1080 EP 1080 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 492RL UT WOS:000269676800007 PM 19723937 ER PT J AU Hoffmann, WC Farooq, M Walker, TW Fritz, B Szumlas, D Quinn, B Bernier, U Hogsette, J Lan, Y Huang, Y Smith, VL Robinson, CA AF Hoffmann, W. C. Farooq, M. Walker, T. W. Fritz, B. Szumlas, D. Quinn, B. Bernier, U. Hogsette, J. Lan, Y. Huang, Y. Smith, V. L. Robinson, C. A. TI CANOPY PENETRATION AND DEPOSITION OF BARRIER SPRAYS FROM ELECTROSTATIC AND CONVENTIONAL SPRAYERS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Barrier sprays; deposition; penetration; electrostatic; vector control ID EFFICIENCY AB An experimental study was conducted to investigate the usefulness of electrostatic and conventional sprayers for barrier applications. Two conventional and three electrostatic sprayers were used in the study. Usefulness of the sprayers was rated based on penetration of spray into and deposition onto 2 sides of leaves on natural vegetation. Bifenthrin (Talstar (TM) adulticide) was applied at labeled rate, fluorescent dye was added to the tank mix Lis tracer, and all sprayers applied the dye and insecticide at the same rate. The results indicated that sprayers producing larger droplets produced significantly higher deposition on vegetation in barrier applications than the sprayers producing smaller droplets. Sprayers with higher air velocity at the nozzle discharge proved significantly better for barrier sprays than the sprayers with lower air velocity. Electrostatic sprayers did not show any improvement in deposition oil vegetation or in penetration into vegetation over the conventional sprayers. There was no difference in deposition between truck-mounted and backpack sprayers. C1 [Hoffmann, W. C.; Fritz, B.; Lan, Y.; Huang, Y.] ARS, USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Farooq, M.; Walker, T. W.; Szumlas, D.; Smith, V. L.; Robinson, C. A.] USN, Navy Entomol Ctr Excellence, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. [Quinn, B.; Bernier, U.; Hogsette, J.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Hoffmann, WC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, 2771 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. FU Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program; US Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board FX This study was supported in part by a grant from the Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program, funded by the US Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board. The authors would like to thank Phil Jank for his assistance during data collection and processing. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 25 IS 3 BP 323 EP 331 DI 10.2987/08-5780.1 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 504EN UT WOS:000270598300015 PM 19852223 ER PT J AU Hoffmann, WC Walker, TW Fritz, BK Farooq, M Smith, VL Robinson, CA Szumlas, D Lan, YB AF Hoffmann, W. Clint Walker, Todd W. Fritz, Bradley K. Farooq, Muhammad Smith, Vincent L. Robinson, Cathy A. Szumlas, Dan Lan, Yubin TI SPRAY CHARACTERIZATION OF ULTRA-LOW-VOLUME SPRAYERS TYPICALLY USED IN VECTOR CONTROL SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Atomization; droplet size; sprayer; ULV sprays; vector control ID EQUIPMENT; MALATHION AB Numerous spray machines are used to apply pesticides for the control of human disease vectors, such as mosquitoes and flies, and the selection and setup of these machines significantly affects the level of control achieved during an application. The droplet spectra produced by 9 different ultra-low-volume sprayers with oil- and water-based spray solutions were evaluated along with 2 thermal foggers with the use of diesel-based spray solutions. The droplet spectra from the sprayers were measured with the use of laser diffraction droplet sizing equipment. The volume median diameter from the sprayers ranged from 14.8 to 61.9 mu m for the oil-based spray solutions and 15.5 to 87.5 mu m for the water-based spray solutions. The 2 thermal foggers generated sprays with a volume median diameter of 3.5 mu m. The data presented will allow spray applicators to select the spray solution and sprayer that generate the droplet-size spectra that meet the desired specific spray application scenarios. C1 [Hoffmann, W. Clint; Fritz, Bradley K.; Lan, Yubin] ARS, USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Walker, Todd W.; Farooq, Muhammad; Smith, Vincent L.; Robinson, Cathy A.; Szumlas, Dan] USN, Entomol Ctr Excellence, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. B&G Chem & Equipment Co, Dallas, TX 75334 USA. RP Hoffmann, WC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, 2771 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. FU Deployed War-Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program; U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB) FX This study was supported in part by a grant from the Deployed War-Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program, funded by the U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB). The authors would also like to thank Wilbur-Ellis for supplying the R-11 for these tests and the equipment manufacturers for their cooperation. NR 14 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 25 IS 3 BP 332 EP 337 DI 10.2987/09-5883.1 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 504EN UT WOS:000270598300016 PM 19852224 ER PT J AU Allan, SA Kline, DL Walker, T AF Allan, Sandra A. Kline, Daniel L. Walker, Todd TI ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AFFECTING EFFICACY OF BIFENTHRIN-TREATED VEGETATION FOR MOSQUITO CONTROL SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE bifenthrin; mosquito control; Aedes aegypti; leaves; wax myrtle; azalea ID ADULT AEDES-ALBOPICTUS; SCREENED FIELD CAGES; CULEX-QUINQUEFASCIATUS; RESIDUAL EFFECTIVENESS; FEMALE MOSQUITOS; COTTON PLANTS; PERMETHRIN; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA; FOLIAGE AB The use of pesticide-treated vegetation as a barrier for control of nuisance and disease-bearing mosquitoes has become an option for mosquito management for home owners and public health and mosquito control professionals. Potted wax myrtle and azalea plants were treated with bifenthrin (0.79% AI) at maximum label rate using backpack and electrostatic sprayers and exposed to various treatments that could affect the residual degradation of the applied pesticides. Treatments included leaf aspect, simulated rainfall, shade, and natural sun exposure with the residual effectiveness of leaves examined in tarsal contact Petri dish assays using laboratory-reared Aedes aegypti. There was no significant difference in efficacy between the adaxial (top) or abaxial (bottom) surfaces of electrostatically or backpack-treated leaves. Significant differences existed between application method, plant species, and exposure with most significant effects between weeks 1 and 4. Simulated heavy rainfalls applied 3 times weekly reduced knockdown by leaves treated with electrostatic and backpack methods with reductions seen as soon as 1 wk after treatment. Reductions were seen with both wax myrtle and azalea leaves and after 1, 4, and 24 h contact of mosquitoes to leaves. Placement of plants with full exposure to sunlight also significantly reduced efficacy compared to plants placed in the shade. Differences were observed most often for 4 and 24 h knockdown counts, and significant decreases were seen from week 4 onwards. Clearly factors such as rain and exposure to sun impact degradation of efficacy of bifenthrin-treated vegetation in the field. Degradation of bifenthrin efficacy was slowest in sites protected from rain and sun, which coincide with preferred resting site locations for many mosquito species. C1 [Allan, Sandra A.; Kline, Daniel L.] ARS, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Walker, Todd] USN, Entomol Ctr Excellence, Naval Air Stn, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. RP Allan, SA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. FU Deployed War-fighter Protection Research Program; US Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board; United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service FX We thank J. McClurg and E. Vrzal for assistance with assays, J. Urban for assistance with plant treatment, and V. L. Smith and C. A. Robinson from the Naval Entomology Center of Excellence, Naval Air Station, Jacksonville, for application of pesticides to the plants. This study was supported by a Deployed War-fighter Protection Research Program Grant funded by the US Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X EI 1943-6270 J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 25 IS 3 BP 338 EP 346 DI 10.2987/09-5854.1 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 504EN UT WOS:000270598300017 PM 19852225 ER PT J AU Melinger, JS Harsha, SS Laman, N Grischkowsky, D AF Melinger, Joseph S. Harsha, S. Sree Laman, N. Grischkowsky, D. TI Guided-wave terahertz spectroscopy of molecular solids [Invited] SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID THZ SPECTROSCOPY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; EXPLOSIVES; PROPAGATION; SPECTRUM; PULSES; 4-IODO-4'-NITROBIPHENYL; SYSTEMS AB One of the outstanding problems of terahertz spectroscopy is the measurement of the underlying vibrational spectrum of a molecular solid, where individual vibrational transitions are often merged into broad absorption features by line-broadening processes. We address this problem using the technique of waveguide terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS), whereby a thin polycrystalline molecular film is contained within a single-mode metal parallel plate waveguide. Thin films of the molecular solids cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX explosive) and 4-iodo-4'-nitrobiphenyl serve to demonstrate the ability of waveguide THz-TDS to resolve previously unseen complex underlying THz vibrational spectra at cryogenic temperatures, with linewidths as narrow as 7 GHz. With such narrow linewidths we are able to demonstrate the measurement of vibrational line-center frequencies to a precision of 1 GHz. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America C1 [Melinger, Joseph S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Harsha, S. Sree; Laman, N.; Grischkowsky, D.] Oklahoma State Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Melinger, JS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Code 6812, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM joseph.melinger@nrl.navy.mil RI Srikantaiah, Sree/D-7744-2011 FU Office of Naval Research; National Science Foundation FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research and the National Science Foundation. NR 44 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 6 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 EI 1520-8540 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD SEP 1 PY 2009 VL 26 IS 9 BP A79 EP A89 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA 498CV UT WOS:000270115100012 ER PT J AU Devlin, JJ Kircher, SJ Littlejohn, LF AF Devlin, John J. Kircher, Sara J. Littlejohn, Lanny F. TI Models for Hemostatic Agent Testing: Control Versus Fidelity SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Letter ID HEMORRHAGE C1 [Devlin, John J.; Kircher, Sara J.; Littlejohn, Lanny F.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Portsmouth, VA USA. RP Devlin, JJ (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Portsmouth, VA USA. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD SEP PY 2009 VL 67 IS 3 BP 677 EP 678 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 493IL UT WOS:000269729900049 PM 19741420 ER PT J AU Arnaud, F Teranishi, K Tomori, T Carr, W McCarron, R AF Arnaud, Francoise Teranishi, Kohsuke Tomori, Toshiki Carr, Walter McCarron, Richard TI Comparison of 10 hemostatic dressings in a groin puncture model in swine SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article ID EXTREMITY ARTERIAL HEMORRHAGE; 110 MM HG; REDEFINING HYPOTENSION; TOURNIQUET USE; AGENTS; EFFICACY; QUIKCLOT; INJURY; BATTLEFIELD; MORTALITY AB Background: The use of mineral (clay) or biologic (chitosan) materials has improved the efficacy of dressings used in the bleeding control of noncompressible areas. A series of novel manufactured products already evaluated in a vascular transection model was further compared in a severe vascular puncture injury model. Methods: Ten hemostatic dressings were tested in anesthetized Yorkshire swine hemorrhaged for 45 seconds in a femoral arterial puncture model. Application of these dressings was followed by 5 minutes of compression (about 175 mm Hg), and at 15 minutes, 500 mL resuscitation fluid (Hextand) was infused during a 30-minute period. The animals were monitored for a 3-hour experimental observation period. Primary outcomes were incidence of bleeding after dressing application and animal survival. Results. Blood loss was 18.8% +/- 5.2% estimated blood volume (EBV) after 45 seconds of free bleeding. Relative performance of dressings is characterized as groups of dressings that performed similarly. Recurrence of bleeding after application was observed with most dressings and was lower with Woundstat, Celox, X-Sponge, and ACS+ (35% +/- 49%) compared with FP-21, Hemcon, Chitoflex, and Bloodstop (79% +/- 43%; P < .01). Blood loss after treatment was 25.3% +/- 18.4% EBV for the top four dressings and 53.0% +/- 18.4% EBV for the bottom four (P < .05). Survival was higher for top four vs bottom four dressings (78% +/- 12% vs 25% +/- 0%, respectively; P < .01). Overall performance of these dressings according to survival, incidence of bleeding, and post-treatment blood loss, yielded similar ranking as with a previously tested transection injury model. Conclusions. The findings indicated that the efficacy of Woundstat, Celox, X-Sponge, and ACS+ were similar and superior in improving survival, hemostasis, and maintenance of mean arterial pressure in an actively bleeding wound caused in this severe vascular injury model. (J Vasc Surg 2009;50:632-9.) C1 [Arnaud, Francoise] USN, Med Res Ctr, RMD, Dept Resuscitat Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Arnaud, Francoise; McCarron, Richard] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Arnaud, F (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, RMD, Dept Resuscitat Med, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM francoise.arnaud@med.navy.mil NR 27 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 15 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0741-5214 J9 J VASC SURG JI J. Vasc. Surg. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 50 IS 3 BP 632 EP 639 DI 10.1016/j.jvs.2009.06.010 PG 8 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 488KG UT WOS:000269347900022 PM 19700097 ER PT J AU Montgomery, TA Yeo, FE AF Montgomery, Tinika A. Yeo, Fred E. TI Recalcitrant pain in a patient with ADPKD SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Yeo, Fred E.] USN, Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Nephrol, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. [Yeo, Fred E.] Uniformed Serv Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD USA. [Montgomery, Tinika A.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Yeo, FE (reprint author), USN, Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Nephrol, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM Fred.Yeo@Med.Navy.Mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 76 IS 5 BP 581 EP 581 DI 10.1038/ki.2009.186 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 483IP UT WOS:000268957900016 PM 19680256 ER PT J AU Atkinson, MP Guetz, A Wein, LM AF Atkinson, Michael P. Guetz, Adam Wein, Lawrence M. TI A Dynamic Model for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among US Troops in Operation Iraqi Freedom SO MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE health care; military; reliability; failure models ID MENTAL-HEALTH PROBLEMS; NATIONAL COMORBIDITY SURVEY; VIETNAM VETERANS; COMBAT; WAR; AFGHANISTAN; PREVALENCE; DEPLOYMENT; SERVICES; EXPOSURE AB We develop a dynamic model in which Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) servicemembers incur a random amount of combat stress during each month of deployment, develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) if their cumulative stress exceeds a servicemember-specific threshold, and then develop symptoms of PTSD after an additional time lag. Using Department of Defense deployment data and Mental Health Advisory Team PTSD survey data to calibrate the model, we predict that-because of the long time lags and the fact that some surveyed servicemembers experience additional combat after being surveyed-the fraction of Army soldiers and Marines who eventually suffer from PTSD will be approximately twice as large as in the raw survey data. We cannot put a confidence interval around this estimate, but there is considerable uncertainty (perhaps +/-30%). The estimated PTSD rate translates into approximate to 300,000 PTSD cases among all Army soldiers and Marines in OIF, with approximate to 20,000 new cases each year the war is prolonged. The heterogeneity of threshold levels among servicemembers suggests that although multiple deployments raise an individual's risk of PTSD, in aggregate, multiple deployments lower the total number of PTSD cases by approximate to 30% relative to a hypothetical case in which the war was fought with many more servicemembers (i.e., a draft) deploying only once. The time lag dynamics suggest that, in aggregate, reserve servicemembers show symptoms approximate to 1-2 years before active servicemembers and predict that >75% of OIF servicemembers who self-reported symptoms during their second deployment were exposed to the PTSD-generating stress during their first deployment. C1 [Atkinson, Michael P.] USN, Dept Operat Res, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Guetz, Adam] Stanford Univ, Inst Computat & Math Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Wein, Lawrence M.] Stanford Univ, Grad Sch Business, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Atkinson, MP (reprint author), USN, Dept Operat Res, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM mpatkins@nps.edu; guetz@stanford.edu; lwein@stanford.edu FU Center for Social Innovation; Graduate School of Business, Stanford University; John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation [02-69383-000-GSS]; Center for International Security and Cooperation, Stanford University FX This research was supported by the Center for Social Innovation, Graduate School of Business, Stanford University, and by a grant from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Award 02-69383-000-GSS) in support of a fellowship at the Center for International Security and Cooperation, Stanford University. NR 48 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 11 PU INFORMS PI HANOVER PA 7240 PARKWAY DR, STE 310, HANOVER, MD 21076-1344 USA SN 0025-1909 J9 MANAGE SCI JI Manage. Sci. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 55 IS 9 BP 1454 EP 1468 DI 10.1287/mnsc.1090.1042 PG 15 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 493PZ UT WOS:000269750800001 ER PT J AU Christov, I AF Christov, Ivan TI Internal solitary waves in the ocean: Analysis using the periodic, inverse scattering transform SO MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTERS IN SIMULATION LA English DT Article CT 5th IMACS International Conference on Nonlinear Evolution Equations and Wave Phenomena CY APR 16-19, 2007 CL Univ Georgia, Athens, GA SP IMACS HO Univ Georgia DE Internal Solitons; Korteweg-de Vries equation; Nonlinear Fourier analysis; Inverse scattering transform; Anamalous signal loss ID KORTEWEG-DE-VRIES; DEVRIES EQUATION; SURFACE-WAVES; SOLITONS; REPRESENTATION; ALGORITHM; STATES; SEA AB The periodic inverse scattering transform (PIST) is a powerful analytical tool in the theory of integrable, nonlinear evolution equations Osborne pioneered the use of the PIST in the analysis of data form inherently nonlinear physical processes In particular, Osborne's so-called nonlinear Fourier analysis has been successfully used in the Study of waves whose dynamics are (to it good approximation) governed by the Korteweg-de Vries equation In this paper, the mathematical details and a new application of the PIST are discussed. The numerical aspects of and difficulties in obtaining the nonlinear Fourier (i.e., PIST) spectrum of a physical data set are also addressed. In particular, an improved bracketing of the "spectral eigenvalues" (i.e.. the +/- 1 crossings of the Floquet discriminant) and a new root-finding algorithm for computing the latter are proposed Finally, if is shown how the PIST can be used to gain insightful information about the phenomenon soliton-induced acoustic resonances, by computing the nonlinear Fourier spectrum of a data set from a simulation of internal solitary wave generation and propagation in the Yellow Sea (C) 2009 IMACS Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved C1 [Christov, Ivan] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Christov, I (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Engn Sci & Appl Math, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RI Christov, Ivan/B-9418-2008 OI Christov, Ivan/0000-0001-8531-0531 NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4754 J9 MATH COMPUT SIMULAT JI Math. Comput. Simul. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 80 IS 1 BP 192 EP 201 DI 10.1016/j.matcom.2009.06.005 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 510PY UT WOS:000271103800022 ER PT J AU Jordan, PM AF Jordan, P. M. TI Some remarks on nonlinear poroacoustic phenomena SO MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTERS IN SIMULATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th IMACS International Conference on Nonlinear Evolution Equations and Wave Phenomena CY APR 16-19, 2007 CL Univ Georgia, Athens, GA SP IMACS HO Univ Georgia DE Nonlinear poroacoustics; Darcy's law; Perturbation analysis; Stokes' Second problem ID ACOUSTIC-WAVE PROPAGATION; POROUS-MEDIUM; ACCELERATION-WAVES; FLUID; MEDIA; FLOW; GAS AB Using perturbation analysis, we study the behavior and propagation of finite-amplitude harmonic waves in the context of the poroacoustic version of Stokes' second problem. Low- and high-frequency expressions are derived, critical parameter values are determined, and we compare the solution obtained with those of the corresponding linear and lossless problems. In addition, numerical results are presented a connection between the breakdown of the present perturbation solution and poroacoustic acceleration wave amplitude blow-up is noted. and,I generalization of the model equation used in this study is briefly discussed. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of IMACS. C1 USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Jordan, PM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7181, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM pjordan@nrlssc.navy.mil NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4754 EI 1872-7166 J9 MATH COMPUT SIMULAT JI Math. Comput. Simul. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 80 IS 1 BP 202 EP 211 DI 10.1016/j.matcom.2009.06.004 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 510PY UT WOS:000271103800023 ER PT J AU Shen, YC Hsia, RY Kuzma, K AF Shen, Yu-Chu Hsia, Renee Y. Kuzma, Kristen TI Understanding the Risk Factors of Trauma Center Closures Do Financial Pressure and Community Characteristics Matter? SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article ID SAFETY-NET HOSPITALS; RACIAL DISPARITIES; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH-CARE; SYSTEMS; MORTALITY; SURVIVAL; INJURY; REIMBURSEMENT; ILLINOIS AB Objectives: We analyze whether hazard rates of shutting down trauma centers are higher due to financial pressures or in areas with vulnerable populations (such as minorities or the poor). Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study of all hospitals with trauma center services in urban areas in the continental US between 1990 and 2005, identified from the American Hospital Association Annual Surveys. These data were linked with Medicare cost reports, and supplemented with other sources, including the Area Resource File. We analyze the hazard rates of trauma center closures among several dimensions of risk factors using discrete-time proportional hazard models. Results: The number of trauma center closures increased from 1990 to 2005, with a total of 339 during this period. The hazard rate of closing trauma centers in hospitals with a negative profit margin is 1.38 times higher than those hospitals without the negative profit margin (P < 0.01). Hospitals receiving more generous Medicare reimbursements face a lower hazard of shutting down trauma centers (ratio: 0.58, P < 0.01) than those receiving below average reimbursement. Hospitals in areas with higher health maintenance organizations penetration face a higher hazard of trauma center closure (ratio: 2.06, P < 0.01). Finally, hospitals in areas with higher shares of minorities face a higher risk of trauma center closure (ratio: 1.69, P < 0.01). Medicaid load and uninsured populations, however, are not risk factors for higher rates of closure after we control for other financial and community characteristics. Conclusions: Our findings give an indication on how the current proposals to cut public spending could exacerbate the trauma closure particularly among areas with high shares of minorities. In addition, given the negative effect of health maintenance organizations on trauma center survival, the growth of Medicaid managed care population should be monitored. Finally, high shares of Medicaid or uninsurance by themselves are not independent risk factors for higher closure as long as financial pressures are mitigated. Targeted policy interventions and further research on the causes, are needed to address these systems-level disparities. C1 [Shen, Yu-Chu] USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Shen, Yu-Chu] Natl Bur Econ Res, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hsia, Renee Y.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Kuzma, Kristen] Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Cleveland, OH USA. RP Shen, YC (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, 555 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM yshen@nps.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR024131-01, KL2 RR024130-06, KL2 RR024130]; NIMHD NIH HHS [L60 MD002903-01] NR 46 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 EI 1537-1948 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD SEP PY 2009 VL 47 IS 9 BP 968 EP 978 PG 11 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 489GH UT WOS:000269407700006 PM 19704354 ER PT J AU Turk, FJ Sohn, BJ Oh, HJ Ebert, EE Levizzani, V Smith, EA AF Turk, Francis Joseph Sohn, Byung-Ju Oh, Hyun-Jong Ebert, Elizabeth E. Levizzani, Vincenzo Smith, Eric A. TI Validating a rapid-update satellite precipitation analysis across telescoping space and time scales SO METEOROLOGY AND ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INTERCOMPARISON PROJECT; TROPICAL RAINFALL; PASSIVE MICROWAVE; DIURNAL CYCLE; RESOLUTION; TRMM; PRODUCTS AB In order to properly utilize remotely sensed precipitation estimates in hydrometeorological applications, knowledge of the accuracy of the estimates are needed. However, relatively few ground validation networks operate with the necessary spatial density and time-resolution required for validation of high-resolution precipitation products (HRPP) generated at fine space and time scales (e.g., hourly accumulations produced on a 0.25A degrees spatial scale). In this article, we examine over-land validation statistics for an operationally designed, meteorological satellite-based global rainfall analysis that blends intermittent passive microwave-derived rainfall estimates aboard a variety of low Earth-orbiting satellite platforms with sub-hourly time sampling capabilities of visible and infrared imagers aboard operational geostationary platforms. The validation dataset is comprised of raingauge data collected from the dense, nearly homogeneous, 1-min reporting Automated Weather Station (network of the Korean Meteorological Administration during the June to August 2000 summer monsoon season. The space-time RMS error, mean bias, and correlation matrices were computed using various time windows for the gauge averaging, centered about the satellite observation time. For +/- 10 min time window, a correlation of 0.6 was achieved at 0.1A degrees spatial scale by averaging more than 3 days; coarsening the spatial scale to 1.8A degrees produced the same correlation by averaging over 1 h. Finer than approximately 24-h and 1A degrees time and space scales, respectively, a rapid decay of the error statistics was obtained by trading-off either spatial or time resolution. Beyond a daily time scale, the blended estimates were nearly unbiased and with an RMS error of no worse than 1 mm day(-1). C1 [Turk, Francis Joseph] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. [Sohn, Byung-Ju; Oh, Hyun-Jong] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Seoul 151747, South Korea. [Ebert, Elizabeth E.] Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Bur Meteorol, Res Ctr, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia. [Levizzani, Vincenzo] ISAC CNR, Natl Res Council, Inst Atmospher Sci & Climate, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Smith, Eric A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Turk, FJ (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM jturk@jpl.nasa.gov; sohn@snu.ac.kr; ohj@kma.go.kr; e.ebert@bom.gov.au; v.levizzani@isac.cnr.it; eric.a.smith@nasa.gov RI Levizzani, Vincenzo/A-9070-2013 OI Levizzani, Vincenzo/0000-0002-7620-5235 FU Office of Naval Research [PE-0602435N]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NNG04HK11I] FX The first author acknowledges the support of the research sponsors, the Office of Naval Research, Program Element (PE-0602435N) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) under grant NNG04HK11I. We acknowledge the efforts of the Microwave Surface and Precipitation Products System (MSPPS) at NOAA/NESDIS for the AMSU-B and MHS rainfall datasets, and the TRMM Precipitation Processing System (PPS) for the TMI and PR rainfall datasets. NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0177-7971 J9 METEOROL ATMOS PHYS JI Meteorol. Atmos. Phys. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 105 IS 1-2 BP 99 EP 108 DI 10.1007/s00703-009-0037-4 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 490VA UT WOS:000269534200008 ER PT J AU Sklerov, MJ AF Sklerov, Matthew J. TI SOLVING THE DILEMMA OF STATE RESPONSES TO CYBERATTACKS: A JUSTIFICATION FOR THE USE OF ACTIVE DEFENSES AGAINST STATES WHO NEGLECT THEIR DUTY PREVENT SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Review ID FORCE C1 [Sklerov, Matthew J.] USN, Air Stn, Kingsville, TX USA. [Sklerov, Matthew J.] Trial Serv Off W, Detachment Bremerton, WA, Australia. NR 100 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD FAL PY 2009 VL 201 BP 1 EP 85 PG 85 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 539EW UT WOS:000273237400001 ER PT J AU Banerjee, B Petersen, K AF Banerjee, Bonita Petersen, Kyle TI Psychosis Following Mycoplasma Pneumonia SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PPLO INFECTION; MANIFESTATIONS; ANTIBODIES; BRAIN AB Extrapulmonary manifestations of Mycoplasma pneumoniae are well described, including a subset of central nervous system (CNS)-associated syndromes. In pediatric populations, frequencies of CNS sequelae occur in 0.1% to 7% of patients. Neurologic illness associated with M. pneumoniae, such as meningitis, encephalitis, polyradiculitis. Guillain-Barre, and stroke have been reported; however, the incidence of M. pneurnoniae-associated organic brain syndrome is rare. We present the case of a 20-year-old midshipman with acute psychosis following resolution of M. pneumoniae pneumonia and review 6 other adult cases found in the literature. M. pneumoniae remains one of the most common causes of respiratory illnesses in the military recruit setting and therefore should always be suspected as an organic cause of mental status changes in young persons such as recruits, cadets, and midshipmen particularly with antecedent respiratory illnesses. C1 [Banerjee, Bonita] USN, Hlth Clin Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX 78419 USA. [Petersen, Kyle] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Banerjee, B (reprint author), USN, Hlth Clin Corpus Christi, 10651 E St, Corpus Christi, TX 78419 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 174 IS 9 BP 1001 EP 1004 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LH UT WOS:000278060400018 PM 19780379 ER PT J AU Maximenko, SI Mazeina, L Picard, YN Freitas, JA Bermudez, VM Prokes, SM AF Maximenko, S. I. Mazeina, L. Picard, Y. N. Freitas, J. A., Jr. Bermudez, V. M. Prokes, S. M. TI Cathodoluminescence Studies of the Inhomogeneities in Sn-doped Ga2O3 Nanowires SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BETA-GA2O3 THIN-FILM; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; LUMINESCENCE; ABSORPTION; SCIENCE; SURFACE; OXIDE AB Cathodoluminescence real-color imaging and spectroscopy were employed to study the properties of Ga2O3 nanowires grown with different Sn/Ga ratios. The structures grown under Sn-rich conditions show large spectral emission variation, ranging from blue to red, with a green transition zone. Spectral emission changes correlate with changes in the chemical composition and structure found by energy dispersive spectroscopy and electron diffraction. A sharp transition from green to red emission correlates with a phase transition of beta-Ga2O3 to polycrystalline SnO2. The origin of the green emission band is discussed based on ab initio calculation results. C1 [Maximenko, S. I.; Mazeina, L.; Picard, Y. N.; Freitas, J. A., Jr.; Bermudez, V. M.; Prokes, S. M.] USN, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Maximenko, SI (reprint author), USN, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM serguei.maximenko@nrl.navy.mil OI Picard, Yoosuf/0000-0002-2853-5213 FU National Research Council (NRC) program; Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX S.I.M., L.M., and Y.P. thank the National Research Council (NRC) program for their administrative Support. This work was partially supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR). NR 35 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 6 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 9 IS 9 BP 3245 EP 3251 DI 10.1021/nl901514k PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 492KQ UT WOS:000269654900028 PM 19670846 ER PT J AU Le Traon, PY Larnicol, G Guinehut, S Pouliquen, S Bentamy, A Roemmich, D Donlon, C Roquet, H Jacobs, G Griffin, D Bonjean, F Hoepffner, N Breivik, LA AF Le Traon, Pierre-Yves Larnicol, Gilles Guinehut, Stephanie Pouliquen, Sylvie Bentamy, Abderrahim Roemmich, Dean Donlon, Craig Roquet, Herve Jacobs, Gregg Griffin, David Bonjean, Fabrice Hoepffner, Nicolas Breivik, Lars-Anders TI DATA ASSEMBLY AND PROCESSING FOR Operational Oceanography 10 YEARS OF ACHIEVEMENTS SO OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; THETA-S CLIMATOLOGY; OCEAN COLOR; MEDITERRANEAN SEA; ERROR ANALYSIS; CALIBRATION; RESOLUTION; CURRENTS; AATSR; TOPEX/POSEIDON AB Data assembly and processing centers are essential elements of the operational oceanography infrastructure. They provide data and products needed by modeling and data assimilation systems; they also provide products directly usable for applications. This paper discusses the role and functions of the data centers for operational oceanography. It describes some of the main data assembly centers (Argo and in situ data, altimetry, sea surface temperature) developed during the Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment. An overview of other data centers (wind and fluxes, ocean color, sea ice) is also given. Much progress has been achieved over the past 10 years to validate, intercalibrate, and merge altimeter data from multiple satellites. Accuracy and timeliness of products have been improved, and new products have been developed. The same is true for sea surface temperature data through the Global High-Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Pilot Project. A breakthrough in processing, quality control, and assembly for in situ data has also been achieved through the development of the real-time and delayed-mode Argo data system. In situ and remote-sensing data are now systematically and jointly used to calibrate, validate, and monitor over the long term the quality and consistency of the global ocean observing system. Main results are illustrated. There is also a review of the development and use of products that merge in situ and remote-sensing data. Future issues and main prospects are discussed in the conclusion. C1 [Le Traon, Pierre-Yves; Pouliquen, Sylvie; Bentamy, Abderrahim] IFREMER, Ctr Brest, F-29280 Plouzane, France. [Larnicol, Gilles; Guinehut, Stephanie] CLS Space Oceanog Div, Ramonville St Agne, France. [Roemmich, Dean] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Donlon, Craig] European Space Agcy, European Space Res & Technol Ctr, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands. [Roquet, Herve] Ctr Meteorol Spatiale, Res & Dev Team, Lannion, France. [Jacobs, Gregg] USN, Res Lab, Ocean Dynam & Predict Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Griffin, David] CSIRO, Hobart, Tas, Australia. [Bonjean, Fabrice] SAT OCEAN France, Seattle, WA USA. [Bonjean, Fabrice] Earth & Space Res, Seattle, WA USA. [Hoepffner, Nicolas] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Program Protect & Conservat European Seas, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. [Breivik, Lars-Anders] Norwegian Meteorol Inst, Sect Remote Sensing, Oslo, Norway. RP Le Traon, PY (reprint author), IFREMER, Ctr Brest, BP 70, F-29280 Plouzane, France. EM pierre.yves.le.traon@ifremer.fr RI Griffin, David/A-1498-2012 NR 46 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC PI ROCKVILLE PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA SN 1042-8275 J9 OCEANOGRAPHY JI Oceanography PD SEP PY 2009 VL 22 IS 3 BP 56 EP 69 PG 14 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 490NA UT WOS:000269506500010 ER PT J AU Blower, JD Blanc, F Clancy, M Cornillon, P Donlon, C Hacker, P Haines, K Hankin, SC Loubrieu, T Pouliquen, S Price, M Pugh, TF Srinivasan, A AF Blower, Jon D. Blanc, Frederique Clancy, Mike Cornillon, Peter Donlon, Craig Hacker, Peter Haines, Keith Hankin, Steve C. Loubrieu, Thomas Pouliquen, Sylvie Price, Martin Pugh, Timothy F. Srinivasan, Ashwanth TI SERVING GODAE DATA AND PRODUCTS TO THE OCEAN COMMUNITY SO OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID VISUALIZATION AB The Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE [http://www.godae.org]) has spanned a decade of rapid technological development. The ever-increasing volume and diversity of oceanographic data produced by in situ instruments, remote-sensing platforms, and computer simulations have driven the development of a number of innovative technologies that are essential for connecting scientists with the data that they need. This paper gives an overview of the technologies that have been developed and applied in the course of GODAE, which now provide users of oceanographic data with the capability to discover, evaluate, visualize, download, and analyze data from all over the world. The key to this capability is the ability to reduce the inherent complexity of oceanographic data by providing a consistent, harmonized view of the various data products. The challenges of data serving have been addressed over the last 10 years through the cooperative skills and energies of many individuals. C1 [Blower, Jon D.; Haines, Keith] Univ Reading, Environm Syst Sci Ctr, Reading E Sci Ctr, Reading, Berks, England. [Blanc, Frederique] CLS, Space Oceanog Div, Ramonville St Agne, France. [Clancy, Mike] USN, Fleet Numer Meteorol & Oceanog Ctr, Monterey, CA USA. [Cornillon, Peter] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Donlon, Craig] European Space Agcy, European Space Res & Technol Ctr, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands. [Hacker, Peter] Univ Hawaii, Asia Pacific Data Res Ctr, Int Pacific Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Hankin, Steve C.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Loubrieu, Thomas; Pouliquen, Sylvie] IFREMER, F-29280 Plouzane, France. [Price, Martin] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. [Pugh, Timothy F.] Bur Meteorol, Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Srinivasan, Ashwanth] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Div Meteorol & Oceanog, Miami, FL 33149 USA. RP Blower, JD (reprint author), Univ Reading, Environm Syst Sci Ctr, Reading E Sci Ctr, Reading, Berks, England. EM j.d.blower@reading.ac.uk FU Asia-Pacific Data-Research Center [NA17RJ1230] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge helpful reviews from Mike Bell, Ralph Rayner, and Gilbert Maudire. The Asia-Pacific Data-Research Center is funded under NOAA Award NA17RJ1230. NR 8 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC PI ROCKVILLE PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA SN 1042-8275 J9 OCEANOGRAPHY JI Oceanography PD SEP PY 2009 VL 22 IS 3 SI SI BP 70 EP 79 DI 10.5670/oceanog.2009.67 PG 10 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 490NA UT WOS:000269506500011 ER PT J AU Dombrowsky, E Bertino, L Brassington, GB Chassignet, EP Davidson, F Hurlburt, HE Kamachi, M Lee, T Martin, MJ Mei, S Tonani, M AF Dombrowsky, Eric Bertino, Laurent Brassington, Gary B. Chassignet, Eric P. Davidson, Fraser Hurlburt, Harley E. Kamachi, Masafumi Lee, Tong Martin, Matthew J. Mei, Shan Tonani, Marina TI GODAE Systems in Operation SO OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM; OCEAN DATA ASSIMILATION; VARIATIONAL STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; GLOBAL OCEAN; PREDICTION SYSTEM; RECURSIVE FILTERS; NUMERICAL ASPECTS; KALMAN FILTER; PACIFIC-OCEAN AB During the last 15 years, operational oceanography systems have been developed in several countries around the world. These developments have been fostered primarily by the Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE), which coordinated these activities, encouraged partnerships, and facilitated constructive competition. This multinational coordination has been very beneficial for the development of operational oceanography. Today, several systems provide routine, real-time ocean analysis, forecast, and reanalysis products. These systems are based on (1) state-of-the-art Ocean General Circulation Model configurations, either global or regional (basin-scale), with resolutions that range from coarse to eddy-resolving, and (2) data assimilation techniques ranging from analysis correction to advanced three- or four-dimensional variational schemes. These systems assimilate altimeter sea level anomalies, sea surface temperature data, and in situ profiles of temperature and salinity, including Argo data. Some systems have implemented downscaling capacities, which consist of embedding higher-resolution local systems in global and basin-scale models (through open boundary exchange of data), especially in coastal regions, where small scale-phenomena are important, and also increasing the spatial resolution for these regional/coastal systems to be able to resolve smaller scales (so-called downscaling). Others have implemented coupling with the atmosphere and/or sea ice. This paper provides a short review of these operational GODAE systems. C1 [Dombrowsky, Eric] Mercator Ocean, Ramonville St Agne, France. [Bertino, Laurent] Nansen Environm & Remote Sensing Ctr, Modeling & Data Assimilat Grp, Bergen, Norway. [Brassington, Gary B.] Bur Meteorol, Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Chassignet, Eric P.] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Davidson, Fraser] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, St John, NF, Canada. [Hurlburt, Harley E.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Kamachi, Masafumi] Meteorol Res Inst, Oceanog Res Dept, Lab 2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. [Lee, Tong] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Div Sci, Pasadena, CA USA. [Martin, Matthew J.] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. [Mei, Shan] Natl Marine Environm Forecast Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Tonani, Marina] Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Bologna, Italy. RP Dombrowsky, E (reprint author), Mercator Ocean, Ramonville St Agne, France. EM eric.dombrowsky@mercator-ocean.fr NR 60 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 4 PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC PI ROCKVILLE PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA SN 1042-8275 J9 OCEANOGRAPHY JI Oceanography PD SEP PY 2009 VL 22 IS 3 SI SI BP 80 EP 95 PG 16 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 490NA UT WOS:000269506500012 ER PT J AU Cummings, J Bertino, L Brasseur, P Fukumori, I Kamachi, M Martin, MJ Mogensen, K Oke, P Testut, CE Verron, J Weaver, A AF Cummings, James Bertino, Laurent Brasseur, Pierre Fukumori, Ichiro Kamachi, Masafumi Martin, Matthew J. Mogensen, Kristian Oke, Peter Testut, Charles Emmanuel Verron, Jacques Weaver, Anthony TI OCEAN DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEMS FOR GODAE SO OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID KALMAN FILTER; MODEL; TEMPERATURE; SALINITY; SMOOTHER AB Ocean data assimilation has matured to the point that observations are now routinely combined with model forecasts to produce a variety of ocean products. Approaches to ocean data assimilation vary widely both in terms of the sophistication of the method and the observations assimilated, and also in terms of specification of the forecast error covariances, model biases, observation errors, and quality-control procedures. In this paper, we describe some of the ocean data assimilation systems that have been developed within the Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) community. We discuss assimilation methods, observations assimilated, and techniques used to specify error covariances. In addition, we describe practical implementation aspects and present analysis performance results for some of the analysis systems. Finally, we describe plans for improving the assimilation systems in the post-GODAE time period beyond 2008. C1 [Cummings, James] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Bertino, Laurent] Nansen Environm & Remote Sensing Ctr, Modeling & Data Assimilat Grp, Bergen, Norway. [Brasseur, Pierre] CNRS, LEGI, Grenoble, France. [Fukumori, Ichiro] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Ocean Circulat Div, Pasadena, CA USA. [Kamachi, Masafumi] Meteorol Res Inst, Oceanog Res Dept, Lab 2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. [Martin, Matthew J.] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. [Mogensen, Kristian] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasting, Reading, Berks, England. [Oke, Peter] CSIRO, Hobart, Tas, Australia. [Testut, Charles Emmanuel] Mercator Ocean, Toulouse, France. [Verron, Jacques] CNRS, Lab Ecoulements Geophys & Ind, Grenoble, France. [Weaver, Anthony] Ctr Europeen Rech & Format Avancee Calcul Sci, Toulouse, France. RP Cummings, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. EM james.cummings@nrlmry.navy.mil RI Oke, Peter/C-5127-2011 OI Oke, Peter/0000-0002-3163-5610 NR 30 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 8 PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC PI ROCKVILLE PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA SN 1042-8275 J9 OCEANOGRAPHY JI Oceanography PD SEP PY 2009 VL 22 IS 3 SI SI BP 96 EP 109 PG 14 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 490NA UT WOS:000269506500013 ER PT J AU Hurlburt, HE Brassington, GB Drillet, Y Kamachi, M Benkiran, M Bourdalle-Badie, R Chassignet, EP Jacobs, GA Le Galloudec, O Lellouche, JM Metzger, EJ Oke, PR Pugh, TF Schiller, A Smedstad, OM Tranchant, B Tsujino, H Usui, N Wallcraft, AJ AF Hurlburt, Harley E. Brassington, Gary B. Drillet, Yann Kamachi, Masafumi Benkiran, Mounir Bourdalle-Badie, Romain Chassignet, Eric P. Jacobs, Gregg A. Le Galloudec, Olivier Lellouche, Jean-Michel Metzger, E. Joseph Oke, Peter R. Pugh, Timothy F. Schiller, Andreas Smedstad, Ole Martin Tranchant, Benoit Tsujino, Hiroyuki Usui, Norihisa Wallcraft, Alan J. TI HIGH-RESOLUTION GLOBAL AND BASIN-SCALE OCEAN ANALYSES AND FORECASTS SO OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID WESTERN-BOUNDARY-CURRENT; DATA ASSIMILATION; ABYSSAL CIRCULATION; NORTH-ATLANTIC; MODEL; PREDICTION; JAPAN; OCEANOGRAPHY; VARIABILITY; PACIFIC AB The feasibility of global ocean weather prediction was just emerging as the Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) began in 1997. Ocean weather includes phenomena such as meandering currents and fronts, eddies, the surface mixed layer and sea surface temperature (SST), equatorial and coastally trapped waves, upwelling of cold water, and Rossby waves, all influencing ocean variables such as temperature (T), salinity (S), currents, and sea surface height (SSH). Adequate real-time data input, computing power, numerical ocean models, data assimilation capabilities, atmospheric forcing, and bathymetric/boundary constraints are essential to make such prediction possible. The key observing systems and real-time data inputs are SSH from satellite altimetry, satellite and in situ SST T, or T and S profiles (e.g., Argo, TAO/Triton, PIRATA moored array in the Atlantic, bathythermographs), and atmospheric forcing. The ocean models dynamically interpolate data in conjunction with data assimilation, convert atmospheric forcing into oceanic responses, and forecast the ocean weather, applying bathymetric/boundary constraints in the process. The results are substantially influenced by ocean model simulation skill and it is advantageous to use an ocean model that is eddy-resolving (nominally 1/10 degrees or finer), not just eddy-permitting. Because the most abundant ocean observations are satellite surface data, and subsurface data are very sparse in relation to the spatial scales of the mesoscale ocean features that dominate the ocean interior, downward projection of surface data is a key challenge in ocean data assimilation. The need for accurate prediction of ocean features that are inadequately observed, such as mixed layer depth, places a major burden on the ocean model, data assimilation, and atmospheric forcing. The sensitivity of ocean phenomena to atmospheric forcing and the time scale for response affect the time scale for oceanic predictive skill, sensitivity to the initial state versus the atmospheric forcing as a function of forecast length, and thus oceanic data requirements and prediction system design. Outside of surface boundary layers and shallow regions, forecast skill is about one month globally and over many subregions, and is only modestly reduced by using climatological forcing after the end of atmospheric forecasts versus using analysis-quality forcing for the duration. In addition, global ocean prediction systems must demonstrate the ability to provide initial and boundary conditions to nested regional and coastal models that enhance their predictive skill. Demonstrations of feasibility in relation to the preceding phenomena, requirements, and challenges are drawn from the following global and basin-scale ocean prediction systems: BLUElink> (Australia), the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM; USA), Mercator (France), Multivariate Ocean Variational Estimation/Meteorological Research Institute Community Ocean Model (MOVE/MRI.COM; Japan), and the Naval Research Laboratory Layered Ocean Model (NLOM; USA). C1 [Hurlburt, Harley E.; Jacobs, Gregg A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Ocean Dynam & Predict Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Brassington, Gary B.; Pugh, Timothy F.] BoM, Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Drillet, Yann] Mercator Ocean, Res & Dev Activ, Ramonville St Agne, France. [Kamachi, Masafumi; Usui, Norihisa] Meteorol Res Inst, Oceanog Res Dept, Lab 2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. [Benkiran, Mounir] CLS Space Oceanog Div, Ramonville St Agne, France. [Bourdalle-Badie, Romain; Tranchant, Benoit] CERFACS, F-31057 Toulouse, France. [Chassignet, Eric P.] Florida State Univ, COAPS, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Oke, Peter R.; Schiller, Andreas] CSIRO, Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Hobart, Tas, Australia. [Smedstad, Ole Martin] QinetiQ N Amer, Technol Solut Grp, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Tsujino, Hiroyuki] Meteorol Res Inst, Oceanog Res Dept, Lab 1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. RP Hurlburt, HE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Ocean Dynam & Predict Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM hurlburt@nrlssc.navy.mil RI Oke, Peter/C-5127-2011; Schiller, Andreas/C-5129-2011 OI Oke, Peter/0000-0002-3163-5610; NR 43 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 12 PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC PI ROCKVILLE PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA SN 1042-8275 J9 OCEANOGRAPHY JI Oceanography PD SEP PY 2009 VL 22 IS 3 BP 110 EP 127 PG 18 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 490NA UT WOS:000269506500014 ER PT J AU Hernandez, F Bertino, L Brassington, G Chassignet, E Cummings, J Davidson, F Drevillon, M Garric, G Kamachi, M Lellouche, JM Mahdon, R Martin, MJ Ratsimandresy, A Regnier, C AF Hernandez, Fabrice Bertino, Laurent Brassington, Gary Chassignet, Eric Cummings, James Davidson, Fraser Drevillon, Marie Garric, Gilles Kamachi, Masafumi Lellouche, Jean-Michel Mahdon, Ray Martin, Matthew J. Ratsimandresy, Andry Regnier, Charly TI Validation and Intercomparison Studies Within GODAE SO OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article AB During the Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE), seven international operational centers participated in a dedicated modeling system intercomparison exercise from February to April 2008. The objectives were: (1) to show GODAE global-ocean and basin-scale forecasting systems of different countries in routine interaction and continuous operation, (2) to assess the quality and perform scientific validation of the ocean analyses and the forecasting performance of each system, and (3) to learn from this exercise in order to increase interoperability and collaboration in real time. The validation methodology has steadily improved through several validation experiments and projects performed within the operational oceanography community. It relies on common approaches and standardization of outputs, with a set of diagnostics based on fully detailed metrics that characterize its strengths and weaknesses, but it also provides error levels for ocean estimates. The ocean forecasting systems provide daily fields of mesoscale water mass distribution and ocean circulation, with an option for sea-ice variations. We present a subset of the intercomparisons performed over different areas, showing general ocean circulation in agreement with known patterns. We also present some accuracy assessments through comparison with observed data. C1 [Hernandez, Fabrice; Garric, Gilles; Lellouche, Jean-Michel; Regnier, Charly] Mercator Ocean, Ramonville St Agne, France. [Bertino, Laurent] Nansen Environm & Remote Sensing Ctr, Modeling & Data Assimilat Grp, Bergen, Norway. [Brassington, Gary] Bur Meteorol, Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Chassignet, Eric] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Cummings, James] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Davidson, Fraser; Ratsimandresy, Andry] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, St John, NF, Canada. [Kamachi, Masafumi] Meteorol Res Inst, Oceanog Res Dept, Lab 2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. [Mahdon, Ray; Martin, Matthew J.] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. RP Hernandez, F (reprint author), Mercator Ocean, Ramonville St Agne, France. EM fabrice.hernandez@mercator-ocean.fr RI Hernandez, Fabrice/F-6642-2013 OI Hernandez, Fabrice/0000-0003-2152-0657 FU European Commission [EVK3-CT-2002-00089]; MERSEA Integrated Project [SIP3-CT-2003-502885]; BOSS4GMES; Norwegian supercomputing project (NOTUR); Region Midi Pyrenees; US GODAE: Global Ocean Prediction with the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM); National Oceanographic Partnership Program; Office of Naval Research 6.1 [601153N]; US Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program (HPCMP); Bureau of Meteorology; CSIRO; Wealth from Oceans National Research Flagship; Royal Australian Navy; JMA/MRI; MEXT [RR2002] FX The European Commission provided financial support to develop TOPAZ systems in the DIADEM/TOPAZ projects, and to develop FOAM, Mercator, MFS, and TOPAZ systems in MERSEA Strand1 (Contract no. EVK3-CT-2002-00089) or the MERSEA Integrated Project (Contract no. SIP3-CT-2003-502885) and BOSS4GMES projects. TOPAZ uses a CPU grant from the Norwegian supercomputing project (NOTUR). The French Mercator Ocean systems were implemented with financial support from the Region Midi Pyrenees. The US effort was supported by the project US GODAE: Global Ocean Prediction with the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM), funded under the National Oceanographic Partnership Program, by the Office of Naval Research 6.1 project Global Remote Littoral Forcing via Deep Water Pathways under program element 601153N, and by grants of computer time from the US Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program (HPCMP). The Australian BLUElink> science and technical team was supported by the Bureau of Meteorology, CSIRO, Wealth from Oceans National Research Flagship, and the Royal Australian Navy. The Japanese GODAE effort was supported by JMA/MRI and by Category 7 of the MEXT RR2002 Project for Sustainable Coexistence of Humanity, Nature, and the Earth. NR 18 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC PI ROCKVILLE PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA SN 1042-8275 J9 OCEANOGRAPHY JI Oceanography PD SEP PY 2009 VL 22 IS 3 BP 128 EP 143 PG 16 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 490NA UT WOS:000269506500015 ER PT J AU Oke, PR Balmaseda, MA Benkiran, M Cummings, JA Dombrowsky, E Fujii, Y Guinehut, S Larnicol, G Le Traon, PY Martin, MJ AF Oke, Peter R. Balmaseda, Magdalena A. Benkiran, Mounir Cummings, James A. Dombrowsky, Eric Fujii, Yosuke Guinehut, Stephanie Larnicol, Gilles Le Traon, Pierre-Yves Martin, Matthew J. TI OBSERVING SYSTEM EVALUATIONS USING GODAE SYSTEMS SO OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL INDIAN-OCEAN; DATA ASSIMILATION; SIMULATION EXPERIMENT; MAPPING CAPABILITIES; ALTIMETER MISSIONS; IMPACT; ARRAY; DESIGN; MODEL; SEA AB Global ocean forecast systems, developed under the Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE), are a powerful means of assessing the impact of different components of the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS). Using a range of analysis tools and approaches, GODAE systems are useful for quantifying the impact of different observation types on the quality of analyses and forecasts. This assessment includes both existing and future observation platforms. Many important conclusions can be drawn from these studies. It is clear that altimeter data are extremely important for constraining mesoscale variability in ocean forecast systems. The number of altimeters is also important. For example, near-real-time applications need data from four altimeters to achieve skill that is similar to systems using data from two altimeters in delayed mode. Another important result is that sea surface temperature is the only observation parameter that adequately monitors ocean properties in coastal regions and shallow seas. Assimilation of Argo data provides a significant, measurable improvement to GODAE systems, and is the only observation platform that provides global-scale information for constraining salinity. The complementary nature of different components of GOOS is now clear and the emergence of new assimilation techniques for observing system evaluation provides the GODAE community with a practical path toward routine GOOS monitoring. C1 [Oke, Peter R.] CSIRO, Hobart, Tas, Australia. [Balmaseda, Magdalena A.] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England. [Benkiran, Mounir] Ocean Data Assimilat, CLS Space Oceanog Div, Ramonville St Agne, France. [Cummings, James A.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Dombrowsky, Eric] Mercator Ocean, Ramonville St Agne, France. [Fujii, Yosuke] Japan Meteorol Agcy, Oceanog Res Dept, Meteorol Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Le Traon, Pierre-Yves] IFREMER, Ctr Brest, F-29280 Plouzane, France. [Martin, Matthew J.] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. RP Oke, PR (reprint author), CSIRO, Hobart, Tas, Australia. EM peter.oke@csiro.au RI Oke, Peter/C-5127-2011 OI Oke, Peter/0000-0002-3163-5610 FU Bureau of Meteorology; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation; European Space Agency; French Space Agency (CNES); French Service Hydrographique Oceanographique de la Marine (SHOM); Japan Meteorological Agency; Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology; Office of Naval Research; Royal Australian Navy FX The participants of the OOPC-GODAE meeting on OSSEs and OSEs, UNESCO/IOC, Paris, France, in November 2007 are gratefully acknowledged for their contributions to this work. The following organizations and agencies are acknowledged for their financial support: Bureau of Meteorology; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation; European Space Agency; French Space Agency (CNES); French Service Hydrographique Oceanographique de la Marine (SHOM); Japan Meteorological Agency; the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology; Office of Naval Research; and the Royal Australian Navy. Satellite altimetry is provided by NASA, CNES, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); SST observations are provided by NOAA. Argo data are provided by the Coriolis and US GODAE data centers. NR 29 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 4 PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC PI ROCKVILLE PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA SN 1042-8275 J9 OCEANOGRAPHY JI Oceanography PD SEP PY 2009 VL 22 IS 3 SI SI BP 144 EP 153 PG 10 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 490NA UT WOS:000269506500016 ER PT J AU Jacobs, GA Woodham, R Jourdan, D Braithwaite, J AF Jacobs, Gregg A. Woodham, Robert Jourdan, Didier Braithwaite, Jez TI GODAE APPLICATIONS USEFUL TO NAVIES THROUGHOUT THE WORLD SO OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID OPERATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHY AB The Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) brought together an international group of researchers to address the problem of predicting the ocean environment. GODAE addressed the necessary technological development for data assimilation, which is a critical choke point within the process of providing meaningful information. These efforts brought a significant step forward, and today these technologies are applied operationally in areas of historically strong need. One application is for navies throughout the globe. Navies are now making regular use of oceanographic information forecast by numerical models that are initialized by assimilation of global satellite and in situ data sets. Prior to GODAE, forecast properties were not available operationally, and the information provided to navy operators was typically either climatology or local observations. The ability to forecast the ocean environment has significantly changed how navies operate. Rather than going to a location at a predetermined time and determining whether the environment is suitable to safely conduct a mission, navies can now choose where and when they may operate safely and efficiently to either avoid adverse effects or take advantage of favorable conditions. Several example events over recent years highlight how navies around the world use GODAE forecast information. C1 [Jacobs, Gregg A.] USN, Res Lab, Ocean Dynam & Predict Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Woodham, Robert] Univ New S Wales, Australian Def Force Acad, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Braithwaite, Jez] Joint Operat Meteorol & Oceanog Ctr, Northwood, Middx, England. RP Jacobs, GA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ocean Dynam & Predict Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM gregg.jacobs@nrlssc.navy.mil NR 7 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC PI ROCKVILLE PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA SN 1042-8275 J9 OCEANOGRAPHY JI Oceanography PD SEP PY 2009 VL 22 IS 3 BP 182 EP 189 PG 8 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 490NA UT WOS:000269506500021 ER PT J AU Goni, G Demaria, M Knaff, J Sampson, C Ginis, I Bringas, F Mavume, A Lauer, C Lin, II Ali, MM Sandery, P Ramos-Buarque, S Kang, K Mehra, A Chassignet, E Halliwell, G AF Goni, Gustavo Demaria, Mark Knaff, John Sampson, Charles Ginis, Isaac Bringas, Francis Mavume, Alberto Lauer, Chris Lin, I. -I. Ali, M. M. Sandery, Paul Ramos-Buarque, Silvana Kang, Kiryong Mehra, Avichal Chassignet, Eric Halliwell, George TI Applications of Satellite-Derived Ocean Measurements to Tropical Cyclone Intensity Forecasting SO OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID PREDICTION SCHEME SHIPS; WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC; SYSTEM; INITIALIZATION; HURRICANES AB Sudden tropical cyclone (TC) intensification has been linked with high values of upper ocean heat content contained in mesoscale features, particularly warm ocean eddies, provided that atmospheric conditions are also favorable. Although understanding of air-sea interaction for TCs is evolving, this manuscript summarizes some of the current work being carried out to investigate the role that the upper ocean plays in TC intensification and the use of ocean parameters in forecasting TC intensity. C1 [Goni, Gustavo; Halliwell, George] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Demaria, Mark; Knaff, John] NOAA, NESDIS, Reg & Mesoscole Meteorol Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Sampson, Charles] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA USA. [Ginis, Isaac] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Bringas, Francis] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL USA. [Mavume, Alberto] Eduardo Mondlone Univ, Marine Sci & Oceanog Grp, Maputo, Mozambique. [Lauer, Chris] NOAA, Natl Hurricane Ctr, Trop Predict Ctr, Miami, FL USA. [Lin, I. -I.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Ali, M. M.] Natl Remote Sensing Ctr, Div Oceanog, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Ramos-Buarque, Silvana] Meteo France Mercator Ocean, Ramonville St Agne, France. [Kang, Kiryong] Korea Meteorol Adm, Natl Typhoon Ctr, Cheju, South Korea. [Mehra, Avichal] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Environm Modeling Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA. [Chassignet, Eric] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Halliwell, George] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. RP Goni, G (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA. EM gustavo.goni@noaa.gov RI Knaff, John /F-5599-2010; Sampson, Charles/F-5684-2010; DeMaria, Mark/F-5583-2010; Bringas, Francis/C-4442-2013; Halliwell, George/B-3046-2011; Lin, I-I/J-4695-2013; Goni, Gustavo/D-2017-2012; OI Knaff, John /0000-0003-0427-1409; Halliwell, George/0000-0003-4216-070X; Lin, I-I/0000-0002-8364-8106; Goni, Gustavo/0000-0001-7093-3170; , Ali/0000-0002-3821-6099 FU NOAA/NESDIS; NOAA [NOAA4400080656] FX Some of the work of GG, MDM, JK, CS, and FB was supported by NOAA/NESDIS through the Research to Operations Program. Part of GGs work was done during a rotational assignment at the NOAA/IOOS Program Office. Research and development of OceanMAPS and CLAM is supported by the BLUElink> project, Australian Bureau of Meteorology, CSIRO, and the Royal Australian Navy. The Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services sponsored the project on North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone studies. Analysis carried out by PSV Jagadeesh and Sarika Jain in this project is gratefully acknowledged. NOAA grant NOAA4400080656 awarded to the Graduate School of Oceanography at the University of Rhode island, supported IG work. NR 24 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 5 PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC PI ROCKVILLE PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA SN 1042-8275 J9 OCEANOGRAPHY JI Oceanography PD SEP PY 2009 VL 22 IS 3 BP 190 EP 197 PG 8 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 490NA UT WOS:000269506500022 ER PT J AU De Mey, P Craig, P Davidson, F Edwards, CA Ishikawa, Y Kindle, JC Proctor, R Thompson, KR Zhu, J AF De Mey, Pierre Craig, Peter Davidson, Fraser Edwards, Christopher A. Ishikawa, Yoichi Kindle, John C. Proctor, Roger Thompson, Keith R. Zhu, Jiang CA Godae Coastal & Shelf Seas Working TI APPLICATIONS IN COASTAL MODELING AND FORECASTING SO OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID CIRCULATION MODEL; GODAE PRODUCTS; SYSTEM; SHELF; SEA; ASSIMILATION; ERROR AB During the Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE), numerical modeling and prediction in coastal and shelf seas benefited from development of state-of-the-art, data-assimilative, and data-validated large-scale models that can supply initial and boundary conditions to nested domains. Rather than attempting an exhaustive synthesis, this article illustrates the progress in coastal ocean modeling and prediction made possible by GODAE, either directly by providing estimates, or more subtly by rendering coastal forecasting more feasible and its applications more obvious. C1 [De Mey, Pierre] Observ Midi Pyrenees, Lab Etud Geophys & Oceanog Spatiales, CNRS, F-31400 Toulouse, France. [Craig, Peter] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Coastal Waters Program, Hobart, Tas, Australia. [Davidson, Fraser] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, St John, NF, Canada. [Edwards, Christopher A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Ishikawa, Yoichi] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Geophys, Kyoto, Japan. [Kindle, John C.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Proctor, Roger] Proudman Oceanog Lab, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. [Thompson, Keith R.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Oceanog, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Zhu, Jiang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP De Mey, P (reprint author), Observ Midi Pyrenees, Lab Etud Geophys & Oceanog Spatiales, CNRS, F-31400 Toulouse, France. EM pierre.de-mey@legos.obs-mip.fr NR 36 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC PI ROCKVILLE PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA SN 1042-8275 J9 OCEANOGRAPHY JI Oceanography PD SEP PY 2009 VL 22 IS 3 BP 198 EP 205 PG 8 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 490NA UT WOS:000269506500023 ER PT J AU Singh, KJ Philpott, AB Wood, RK AF Singh, Kavinesh J. Philpott, Andy B. Wood, R. Kevin TI Dantzig-Wolfe Decomposition for Solving Multistage Stochastic Capacity-Planning Problems SO OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BRANCH-AND-PRICE; NETWORK DESIGN-PROBLEMS; COLUMN GENERATION; INTEGER PROGRAMS; UNCERTAIN DEMAND; INTERIOR-POINT; EXPANSION; OPTIMIZATION; TELECOMMUNICATIONS; ALGORITHM AB We describe a multistage, stochastic, mixed-integer programming model for planning capacity expansion of production facilities. A scenario tree represents uncertainty in the model; a general mixed-integer program defines the operational submodel at each scenario-tree node, and capacity-expansion decisions link the stages. We apply "variable splitting" to two model variants, and solve those variants using Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition. The Dantzig-Wolfe master problem can have a much stronger linear programming relaxation than is possible without variable splitting, over 700% stronger in one case. The master problem solves easily and tends to yield integer solutions, obviating the need for a full branch-and-price solution procedure. For each scenario-tree node, the decomposition defines a subproblem that may be viewed as a single-period, deterministic, capacity-planning problem. An effective solution procedure results as long as the subproblems solve efficiently, and the procedure incorporates a good "duals stabilization method." We present computational results for a model to plan the capacity expansion of an electricity distribution network in New Zealand, given uncertain future demand. The largest problem we solve to optimality has six stages and 243 scenarios, and corresponds to a deterministic equivalent with a quarter of a million binary variables. C1 [Singh, Kavinesh J.] Mighty River Power Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand. [Philpott, Andy B.] Univ Auckland, Dept Engn Sci, Auckland, New Zealand. [Wood, R. Kevin] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Singh, KJ (reprint author), Mighty River Power Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand. EM kavinesh.singh@gmail.com; a.philpott@auckland.ac.nz; kwood@nps.edu FU New Zealand Tertiary Education Commission and Vector Electricity; New Zealand Foundation of Research, Science and Technology [UOAX0203]; Office of Naval Research; Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Naval Postgraduate School; University of Auckland FX The authors thank Vector ( Electricity) Limited for providing the data used in the computational experiments. The first author acknowledges support of the New Zealand Tertiary Education Commission and Vector Electricity. The second author acknowledges support of the New Zealand Foundation of Research, Science and Technology under grant UOAX0203. The third author thanks the Office of Naval Research, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, the Naval Postgraduate School, and the University of Auckland for their support. NR 60 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 8 PU INFORMS PI HANOVER PA 7240 PARKWAY DR, STE 310, HANOVER, MD 21076-1344 USA SN 0030-364X J9 OPER RES JI Oper. Res. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 57 IS 5 BP 1271 EP 1286 DI 10.1287/opre.1080.0678 PG 16 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 507PF UT WOS:000270866000018 ER PT J AU Roberts, HW Charlton, DG AF Roberts, H. W. Charlton, D. G. TI The Release of Mercury from Amalgam Restorations and Its Health Effects: A Review SO OPERATIVE DENTISTRY LA English DT Review ID RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; LOW-DOSE EXPOSURE; ORAL AIR MERCURY; DENTAL AMALGAM; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL FUNCTION; EXPIRED AIR; FILLINGS; CHILDREN; URINE; BLOOD AB Amalgam has successfully been used as a restorative material in dentistry for over a century. It has proven to be a cost-effective, wear-resistant material which, when properly placed, can provide many years of service. However, amalgam's popularity has decreased in recent years due, in part, to patient concerns about its potential for adversely affecting their health. Other reasons for its reduced use include the increased emphasis on more esthetic restorative materials and environmental concerns regarding the amount of mercury discharged into wastewater from dental offices. Controversy persists about amalgam's possible role in causing health problems due to its release of mercury. Although conclusive evidence is lacking that directly correlates amalgam with adverse health effects, clinicians should remain knowledgeable about mercury release from amalgam in order to intelligently address their patients' concerns. This article reviews the latest published scientific literature to provide this information. C1 [Roberts, H. W.] USAF, Dent Evaluat & Consultat Serv, Great Lakes, IL USA. [Charlton, D. G.] USN, Inst Dent & Biomed Res Gen Dynam Informat Technol, Great Lakes, IL USA. RP Charlton, DG (reprint author), 310A B St,Bldg 1-H, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA. EM david.charlton@med.navy.mil NR 71 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 21 PU OPERATIVE DENTISTRY INC PI INDIANAPOLIS PA INDIANA UNIV SCHOOL DENTISTRY, ROOM S411, 1121 WEST MICHIGAN ST, INDIANAPOLIS, IN 46202-5186 USA SN 0361-7734 J9 OPER DENT JI Oper. Dent. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 34 IS 5 BP 605 EP 614 DI 10.2341/08-072-LIT PG 10 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 495PS UT WOS:000269906600016 PM 19830977 ER PT J AU Hou, WL AF Hou, Weilin (Will) TI A simple underwater imaging model SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CONDUCTIVITY AB It is commonly known that underwater imaging is hindered by both absorption and scattering by particles of various origins. However, evidence also indicates that the turbulence in natural underwater environments can cause severe image-quality degradation. A model is presented to include the effects of both particle and turbulence on underwater optical imaging through optical transfer functions to help quantify the limiting factors under different circumstances. The model utilizes Kolmogorov-type index of refraction power spectra found in the ocean, along with field examples, to demonstrate that optical turbulence can limit imaging resolution by affecting high spatial frequencies. The effects of the path radiance are also discussed. C1 USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Hou, WL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 1009 Balch Blvd, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM hou@nrlssc.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory [73-6369] FX The author thanks the Naval Research Laboratory for continuous support through project 73-6369. The author also thanks W. McBride and A. Weidemann, and reviewers for suggestions. NR 16 TC 55 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 11 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD SEP 1 PY 2009 VL 34 IS 17 BP 2688 EP 2690 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 498CO UT WOS:000270114400050 PM 19724533 ER PT J AU Limbach, KJ Richie, TL AF Limbach, K. J. Richie, T. L. TI Viral vectors in malaria vaccine development SO PARASITE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE malaria; vaccine; viral vectors ID MEROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-1; PRIME-BOOST IMMUNIZATION; CD8(+) T-CELL; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; INTERFERON-GAMMA RESPONSES; APICAL MEMBRANE ANTIGEN-1; VIRUS ANKARA VACCINES; 2B RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; C-TERMINAL FRAGMENT; MVA ME-TRAP AB P>Traditional vaccine technologies have resulted in an impressive array of efficacious vaccines against a variety of infectious agents. However, several potentially deadly pathogens, including retroviruses and parasites, have proven less amenable to the application of traditional vaccine platforms, indicating the need for new approaches. Viral vectors represent an attractive way to deliver and present vaccine antigens that may offer advantages over traditional platforms. Due to their ability to induce strong cell-mediated immunity (CMI) in addition to antibodies, viral vectors may be suitable for infectious agents, such as malaria parasites, where potent CMI is required for protection. Poxvirus-vectored malaria vaccines have been the most extensively studied in the clinic, achieving significant reductions in liver-stage parasite burden. More recently, adenovirus-vectored malaria vaccines have entered clinical testing. The most promising approach - heterologous prime-boost regimens, in which different viral vectors are sequentially paired with each other or with DNA or recombinant protein vaccines - is now being explored, and could provide high-grade protection, if findings in animal models are translatable to humans. Significant barriers remain, however, such as pre-existing immunity to the vector particle and an unexplained safety signal observed in one trial suggesting an increased risk of HIV acquisition in volunteers with pre-existing immunity to the vector. C1 [Limbach, K. J.; Richie, T. L.] USN, Med Res Ctr, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Limbach, KJ (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM keith.limbach@med.navy.mil RI Richie, Thomas/A-8028-2011; OI Richie, Thomas/0000-0002-2946-5456 FU US Army Medical Research & Material Command Military Infectious Disease Research Program FX The authors wish to gratefully acknowledge the comments and suggestions of the following individuals, who were contacted to assure the accuracy of particular sections of this review; Chris Ockenhouse (NYVAC-Pf7 clinical trial), Adrian Hill (Oxford clinical and preclinical studies), Joe Bruder (GenVec adenovirus collaborations) and BF Hall (Ad35.CS.01 clinical trial). Joe Bruder is also sincerely thanked for providing components of Figure 2. In addition, our thanks are offered to those who have allowed the referencing of unpublished data or personal communications: B. F. Hall (results of Ad35.CS.01 phase 1a trial), Denise Doolan (preclinical studies of replicon-based vaccines; development of multi-antigen adenovectors; enhancement of antibody responses to adenovectors by DNA priming), Joe Bruder (development of multi-antigen adenovectors), Cindy Tamminga (reactogenicity of the NMRC-M3V-Ad-PfCA vaccine) and Martha Sedegah (immunogenicity of the NMRC-M3V-Ad-PfCA vaccine).The studies reported herein that were conducted by the Naval Medical Research Center Malaria Program or the US Military Malaria Vaccine Program were conducted in accordance with US Navy regulations governing the protection of human subjects in medical research. All protocols involving human subjects were reviewed and approved by the Naval Medical Research Center's Institutional Review Board in accordance with the US Navy regulations (SECNAVINST 3900.39B) governing the use of human subjects in medical research. The opinions and assertions herein are the private ones of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the US Navy or the Department of Defense. Work was supported by funds allocated to the Naval Medical Research Center by the US Army Medical Research & Material Command Military Infectious Disease Research Program. NR 138 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0141-9838 J9 PARASITE IMMUNOL JI Parasite Immunol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 31 IS 9 BP 501 EP 519 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2009.01141.x PG 19 WC Immunology; Parasitology SC Immunology; Parasitology GA 480TS UT WOS:000268760300003 PM 19691555 ER PT J AU Halterman, K Valls, OT AF Halterman, Klaus Valls, Oriol T. TI Emergence of triplet correlations in superconductor/half-metallic nanojunctions with spin-active interfaces SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FERROMAGNET STRUCTURES AB We study triplet pairing correlations induced in an SFS trilayer (where F is a ferromagnet and S an ordinary s-wave superconductor) by spin-flip scattering at the interfaces, via the derivation and self-consistent solution of the appropriate Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations in the clean limit. We find that the spin-flip scattering generates m = +/- 1 triplet correlations, odd in time and study the general spatial behavior of these and of m = 0 correlations as a function of position and of spin-flip strength, H(spin), concentrating on the case where the ferromagnet is half-metallic. For certain values of H(spin), the triplet correlations pervade the magnetic layer and can penetrate deeply into the superconductor. The behavior we find depends very strongly on whether the singlet order parameter is in the 0 or pi state, which must in turn be determined self-consistently. We also present results for the density of states (DOS) and for the local magnetization, which, due to spin-flip processes, is not in general aligned with the magnetization of the half-metal, and near the interfaces, rotates as a function of position and H(spin). The average DOS in both F and S is shown to exhibit various subgap bound states positioned at energies that depend strongly on the particular junction state and the spin-flip scattering strength. C1 [Halterman, Klaus] USN, Res & Intelligence Dept, Div Phys, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. [Valls, Oriol T.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Valls, Oriol T.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Supercomp Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Halterman, K (reprint author), USN, Res & Intelligence Dept, Div Phys, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM klaus.halterman@navy.mil; otvalls@umn.edu RI Halterman, Klaus/G-3826-2012; OI Halterman, Klaus/0000-0002-6355-3134 FU DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Program (HPCMP); ONR FX This project was supported in part by a grant of super-computer resources provided by the DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Program (HPCMP) and NA-VAIR's ILIR program sponsored by ONR. We thank I. Krivorotov for useful discussions. NR 33 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP PY 2009 VL 80 IS 10 AR 104502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.104502 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 501LJ UT WOS:000270383100085 ER PT J AU Parker, D Vavilov, MG Chubukov, AV Mazin, II AF Parker, D. Vavilov, M. G. Chubukov, A. V. Mazin, I. I. TI Coexistence of superconductivity and a spin-density wave in pnictide superconductors: Gap symmetry and nodal lines SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PAIRING SYMMETRY; MAGNETIC ORDER; NMR AB We investigate the effect of a spin-density wave (SDW) on s(+/-) superconductivity in Fe-based superconductors. We show that, contrary to the common wisdom, no nodes open at the new, reconnected Fermi surfaces when the hole and electron pockets fold down in the SDW state, despite the fact that the s(+/-) gap changes sign between the two pockets. Instead, the order parameter preserves its sign along the newly formed Fermi surfaces. The familiar experimental signatures of an s(+/-) symmetry are still preserved, although they appear in a mathematically different way. For a regular s case (s(++)) the nodes do appear in the SDW state. This distinction suggests a specific way to experimentally separate an s(+/-) state from a regular s in the pnictides. We argue that recently published thermal-conductivity data in the coexisting state are consistent with the s(+/-), but not the s(++) state. C1 [Parker, D.; Mazin, I. I.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Vavilov, M. G.; Chubukov, A. V.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Parker, D (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Vavilov, Maxim/C-1147-2009 FU NSF [DMR 0604406]; Office of Naval Research FX We acknowledge useful discussions with P. Hirschfeld, I. Eremin, and D. Scalapino. The work was supported by NSF (Contract No. DMR 0604406) (A.V.C) and by the Office of Naval Research. NR 29 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP PY 2009 VL 80 IS 10 AR 100508 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.100508 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 501LJ UT WOS:000270383100018 ER PT J AU Yugova, IA Glazov, MM Ivchenko, EL Efros, AL AF Yugova, I. A. Glazov, M. M. Ivchenko, E. L. Efros, Al. L. TI Pump-probe Faraday rotation and ellipticity in an ensemble of singly charged quantum dots SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID RESONANT SPIN AMPLIFICATION; ELECTRON SPINS; GALLIUM-ARSENIDE; WELLS; GAAS; RELAXATION; DIFFUSION; COHERENCE; TRANSPORT; TRIONS AB A description of spin Faraday rotation, Kerr rotation and ellipticity signals for single-and multilayer ensembles of singly charged quantum dots (QDs) is developed. The microscopic theory considers both the single pump-pulse excitation and the effect of a train of such pulses, which in the case of long resident-electron spin coherence time leads to a stationary distribution of the electron spin polarization. The calculations performed for single-color and two-color pump-probe setups show that the three experimental techniques: Faraday rotation, Kerr rotation, and ellipticity measurements provide complementary information about an inhomogeneous ensemble of QDs. The microscopic theory developed for a three-dimensional ensemble of QDs is shown to agree with the phenomenological description of these effects. The typical time-dependent traces of pump-probe Faraday rotation, Kerr rotation and ellipticity signals are calculated for various experimental conditions. C1 [Yugova, I. A.] St Petersburg State Univ, Inst Phys, St Petersburg 198504, Russia. [Glazov, M. M.; Ivchenko, E. L.] RAS, AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. [Efros, Al. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Yugova, IA (reprint author), St Petersburg State Univ, Inst Phys, St Petersburg 198504, Russia. RI Yugova, Irina/F-6823-2011; Glazov, Mikhail/I-7768-2013; Ivchenko, Eugeniyus Levovich/C-4320-2014 OI Yugova, Irina/0000-0003-0020-3679; Glazov, Mikhail/0000-0003-4462-0749; FU RFBR; RAS; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [SPP1285]; Office of Naval Research; Alexander-von-Humboldt Foundation; "Dynasty" Foundation-ICFPM FX The authors thank M. Bayer and D. R. Yakovlev for the encouraging discussions and support as well as hospitality at the TU Dortmund University, I. V. Ignatiev and S. Carter for useful comments on the manuscript. I.A.Y., M. M. G., and E. L. I. acknowledge the financial support from RFBR, Programmes of RAS and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Grant No. SPP1285). A. L. E. acknowledges support of the Office of Naval Research and Alexander-von-Humboldt Foundation. M. M. G. is grateful to the "Dynasty" Foundation-ICFPM and acknowledges support from the President Grant for Young Scientists. NR 52 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP PY 2009 VL 80 IS 10 AR 104436 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.104436 PG 18 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 501LJ UT WOS:000270383100079 ER PT J AU Huang, L Chen, QF Lai, YC Pecora, LM AF Huang, Liang Chen, Qingfei Lai, Ying-Cheng Pecora, Louis M. TI Generic behavior of master-stability functions in coupled nonlinear dynamical systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article DE chaos; nonlinear dynamical systems; oscillators; synchronisation ID CHAOTIC SYSTEMS; SYNCHRONIZATION; NETWORKS AB Master-stability functions (MSFs) are fundamental to the study of synchronization in complex dynamical systems. For example, for a coupled oscillator network, a necessary condition for synchronization to occur is that the MSF at the corresponding normalized coupling parameters be negative. To understand the typical behaviors of the MSF for various chaotic oscillators is key to predicting the collective dynamics of a network of these oscillators. We address this issue by examining, systematically, MSFs for known chaotic oscillators. Our computations and analysis indicate that it is generic for MSFs being negative in a finite interval of a normalized coupling parameter. A general scheme is proposed to classify the typical behaviors of MSFs into four categories. These results are verified by direct simulations of synchronous dynamics on networks of actual coupled oscillators. C1 [Huang, Liang; Chen, Qingfei; Lai, Ying-Cheng] Arizona State Univ, Sch Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Lai, Ying-Cheng] Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Pecora, Louis M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Huang, L (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RI Huang, Liang/A-1671-2009 FU ONR [N00014-08-1-0627] FX This work was supported by ONR under Grant No. N00014-08-1-0627. NR 28 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD SEP PY 2009 VL 80 IS 3 AR 036204 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.80.036204 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 501LN UT WOS:000270383500034 PM 19905197 ER PT J AU Baedke, WC AF Baedke, W. C. TI Limiting current enhancements for a relativistic electron beam propagating through coaxial cylinders SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID TUBES AB An investigation of the space-charge-limited (SCL) currents for un-neutralized relativistic electron beams drifting through an infinitely long dielectrically lined coaxial cylindrical structure with a biased inner conductor is presented. To begin, an approximate limiting current expression is developed for an un-neutralized finite-width relativistic electron beam drifting through a biased coaxial cylindrical structure, which contains no dielectric liner. The SCL currents are then numerically calculated and compared to the approximation and it is shown that there is good agreement between the two. Building on this, the SCL currents are then numerically calculated when a dielectric liner, which encloses the finite-width electron beam, is present. It is shown that when a dielectric liner is present, there is a point at which increases in the SCL currents saturate and increasing the relative dielectric constant provides no additional increase in the expected SCL currents. In addition, it is demonstrated that the dielectric liner, in conjunction with the biased inner conductor, provides significant SCL current enhancements when compared to a system with no dielectric liner and no biased inner conductor. Finally, the possibility of dielectric breakdown is addressed as well as the amount of accumulated charge at the vacuum-dielectric interface. [doi: 10.1063/1.3234258] C1 USN, Surface Warfare Ctr Dahlgren, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. RP Baedke, WC (reprint author), USN, Surface Warfare Ctr Dahlgren, 18444 Frontage Rd, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX This work was supported in part by the Independent Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) fund provided by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) to the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren Division. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD SEP PY 2009 VL 16 IS 9 AR 093116 DI 10.1063/1.3234258 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 501KN UT WOS:000270380700045 ER PT J AU Petrov, GM Davis, J Petrova, T AF Petrov, G. M. Davis, J. Petrova, Tz TI Ionization dynamics of high-intensity laser-target interactions SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID FAST-ELECTRON TRANSPORT; IN-CELL SIMULATIONS; GENERATION; PULSE AB The ionization dynamics of a thin aluminum foil irradiated by an ultrashort high-intensity laser is investigated with a two-dimensional relativistic electromagnetic particle-in-cell model, which includes optical field and collisional ionizations. The spatio-temporal characteristics of the ion charge and electron density have been studied for peak laser intensities between 10(22) and 10(24) W m(-2) and a laser pulse duration of 80 fs. A series of ionization waves, launched near the front target surface, propagate through the target with a velocity of about two tenths the speed of light. In the pre-plasma region the aluminum is almost fully ionized due to optical field ionization, while in the bulk of the target the collisional ionization is more efficient. The ion charge in the bulk is a result of a complex sequence of events, the major role in which is played by the deposition of laser energy in the system and its distribution among the various degrees of freedom. C1 [Petrov, G. M.; Davis, J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Petrova, Tz] Berkeley Scholars Inc, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Petrov, GM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA); Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) FX This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) and the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) under the 6.1 program. NR 13 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD SEP PY 2009 VL 51 IS 9 AR 095005 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/51/9/095005 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 487RE UT WOS:000269291700005 ER PT J AU Vandenbulcke, L Beckers, JM Lenartz, F Barth, A Poulain, PM Aidonidis, M Meyrat, J Ardhuin, F Tonani, M Fratianni, C Torrisi, L Pallela, D Chiggiato, J Tudor, M Book, JW Martin, P Peggion, G Rixen, M AF Vandenbulcke, L. Beckers, J. -M. Lenartz, F. Barth, A. Poulain, P. -M. Aidonidis, M. Meyrat, J. Ardhuin, F. Tonani, M. Fratianni, C. Torrisi, L. Pallela, D. Chiggiato, J. Tudor, M. Book, J. W. Martin, P. Peggion, G. Rixen, M. TI Super-ensemble techniques: Application to surface drift prediction SO PROGRESS IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Review DE Super-ensemble; Multi-model; Surface drift ID EXTENDED KALMAN FILTER; MULTIMODEL SUPERENSEMBLE; ADRIATIC SEA; MEDITERRANEAN SEA; DATA ASSIMILATION; OCEAN MODELS; FORECASTS; STATISTICS; TRAJECTORIES; CIRCULATION AB The prediction of surface drift of floating objects is an important task, with applications such as marine transport, pollutant dispersion, and search-and-rescue activities. But forecasting even the drift of surface waters is very challenging, because it depends on complex interactions of currents driven by the wind, the wave field and the general prevailing circulation. Furthermore, although each of those can be forecasted by deterministic models, the latter all suffer from limitations, resulting in imperfect predictions. In the present study, we try and predict the drift of two buoys launched during the DART06 (Dynamics of the Adriatic sea in Real-Time 2006) and MREA07 (Maritime Rapid Environmental Assessment 2007) sea trials, using the so-called hyper-ensemble technique: different models are combined in order to minimize departure from independent observations during a training period; the obtained combination is then used in forecasting mode. We review and try out different hyper-ensemble techniques, such as the simple ensemble mean, least-squares weighted linear combinations, and techniques based on data assimilation, which dynamically update the model's weights in the combination when new observations become available. We show that the latter methods alleviate the need of fixing the training length a priori, as older information is automatically discarded. When the forecast period is relatively short (12 h), the discussed methods lead to much smaller forecasting errors compared with individual models (at least three times smaller), with the dynamic methods leading to the best results. When many models are available, errors can be further reduced by removing colinearities between them by performing a principal component analysis. At the same time, this reduces the amount of weights to be determined. In complex environments when meso- and smaller scale eddy activity is strong, such as the Ligurian Sea, the skill of individual models may vary over time periods smaller than the forecasting period (e.g. when the latter is 36 h). In these cases, a simpler method such as a fixed linear combination or a simple ensemble mean may lead to the smallest forecast errors. In environments where surface currents have strong mean-kinetic energies (e.g. the Western Adriatic Current), dynamic methods can be particularly successful in predicting the drift of surface waters. In any case, the dynamic hyper-ensemble methods allow to estimate a characteristic time during which the model weights are more or less stable, which allows predicting how long the obtained combination will be valid in forecasting mode, and hence to choose which hyper-ensemble method one should use. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Vandenbulcke, L.; Beckers, J. -M.; Lenartz, F.; Barth, A.] Univ Liege, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. [Poulain, P. -M.] Ist Nazl Oceanog & Geofis Sperimentale OGS, Trieste, Italy. [Aidonidis, M.; Meyrat, J.; Ardhuin, F.] Serv Hydrograph & Oceanograph Marine, F-29200 Brest, France. [Tonani, M.; Fratianni, C.] Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Bologna, Italy. [Torrisi, L.; Pallela, D.] Palazzo AM, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Chiggiato, J.] ARPA Emilia Romagna, Serv Meteorol, I-40122 Bologna, Italy. [Tudor, M.] DHMZ Meteorol & Hydrol Serv, Zagreb, Croatia. [Book, J. W.; Martin, P.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Peggion, G.] Univ New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. [Chiggiato, J.; Rixen, M.] NATO SACLANT Undersea Res Ctr, La Spezia, Italy. RP Vandenbulcke, L (reprint author), Univ Liege, Bat B5,17 Allee 6 Aout, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. EM luc.vandenbulcke@ulg.ac.be RI Ardhuin, Fabrice/A-1364-2011; OI Ardhuin, Fabrice/0000-0002-9309-9681; Poulain, Pierre-Marie/0000-0003-1342-8463; Chiggiato, Jacopo/0000-0002-0998-6473; Tudor, Martina/0000-0002-2683-2652 FU Office of Naval Research [N000140310291, 0602435N] FX The authors wish to acknowledge the participants of the DART06 and MREA07 experiments involved with the drifter deployment/recovery logistics and the drifter data processing. Thanks to all the people who kindly provided numerical model products. Pierre-Marie Poulain was partially supported by the Office of Naval Research under grant N000140310291. The work of J.W. Book and PJ. Martin was supported by the Office of Naval Research as part of the research program "Dynamics of the Adriatic in Real-Time" under Program Element Number 0602435N. Meteo France is acknowledged for providing results to us. NR 44 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0079-6611 J9 PROG OCEANOGR JI Prog. Oceanogr. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 82 IS 3 BP 149 EP 167 DI 10.1016/j.pocean.2009.06.002 PG 19 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 514RC UT WOS:000271411700001 ER PT J AU Gao, BC Montes, MJ Davis, CO Goetz, AFH AF Gao, Bo-Cai Montes, Marcos J. Davis, Curtiss O. Goetz, Alexander F. H. TI Atmospheric correction algorithms for hyperspectral remote sensing data of land and ocean SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Session on the State of Science of Environmental Applications of Imaging Spectroscopy held in honor of Alexander FH Goetz CY 2006 CL Denver, CO SP IEEE DE Hyperspectral; Imaging spectrometer; Atmospheric correction; Remote sensing; AVIRIS ID IMAGING SPECTROMETER AVIRIS; SURFACE REFLECTANCE; AIRBORNE; AEROSOL; INSTRUMENT; MODIS; CALIBRATION; MISSION; IMAGERY; DESIGN AB Hyperspectral imaging data have been collected with different types of imaging spectrometers from aircraft and satellite platforms since the mid-1980s. Because the solar radiation on the sun-surface-sensor path in the 0.4-2.5 mu m visible and near-IR spectral regions is subject to absorption and scattering by atmospheric gases and aerosols, the hyperspectral imaging data contains atmospheric effects. In order to use hyperspectral imaging data for quantitative remote sensing of land surfaces and ocean color, the atmospheric effects must be removed. Over the years, atmospheric correction algorithms have evolved from the earlier empirical line method and the flat field method to more recent methods based on rigorous radiative transfer modeling approaches. Here, a review of hyperspectral atmospheric correction techniques is presented. Issues related to spectral smoothing are discussed. Suggestions for improvements to the present atmospheric correction algorithms, mainly the addition of a module for modeling atmospheric nitrogen dioxide absorption effects in the visible, are given. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Gao, Bo-Cai; Montes, Marcos J.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Davis, Curtiss O.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Goetz, Alexander F. H.] Analyt Spectral Devices Inc, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. RP Gao, BC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM gao@nrl.navy.mil RI Montes, Marcos/J-9239-2015 OI Montes, Marcos/0000-0002-4725-5380 NR 57 TC 83 Z9 86 U1 4 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 113 BP S17 EP S24 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2007.12.015 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 478CG UT WOS:000268564800004 ER PT J AU Parker, MP AF Parker, Michael P. TI Poetry and the Cromwellian Protectorate: Culture, Politics, and Institutions SO RENAISSANCE QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Parker, Michael P.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Parker, MP (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0034-4338 J9 RENAISSANCE QUART JI Renaiss. Q. PD FAL PY 2009 VL 62 IS 3 BP 1041 EP 1043 PG 3 WC Medieval & Renaissance Studies SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA 492MA UT WOS:000269660800119 ER PT J AU Chavko, M Adeeb, S Ahlers, ST McCarron, RM AF Chavko, Mikulas Adeeb, Saleena Ahlers, Stephen T. McCarron, Richard M. TI ATTENUATION OF PULMONARY INFLAMMATION AFTER EXPOSURE TO BLAST OVERPRESSURE BY N-ACETYLCYSTEINE AMIDE SO SHOCK LA English DT Article DE Blast overpressure; lungs; neutrophils; cytokines; chemokines; antioxidant; protection; rats ID ACUTE LUNG INJURY; MONOCYTE CHEMOATTRACTANT PROTEIN-1; BLUNT CHEST TRAUMA; OXIDATIVE STRESS; KAPPA-B; ANTIOXIDANT; CONTUSION; GLUTATHIONE; HEMOGLOBIN; THIOL AB Lung contusion is a common problem from blunt chest trauma caused by mechanical forces and by exposure to blast overpressure, often with fatal consequences. Lung contusion is also a risk factor for the development of pneumonia, severe clinical acute lung injury (ALI), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Infiltrating neutrophils are considered to be central mediators of lung injuries after blunt trauma. Recent studies have demonstrated that antioxidants reduced pulmonary inflammation in different models of lung damage. This study examined the effect of antioxidant N-acetylcysteine amide (NACA) on the progression of lung inflammation after exposure to a moderate level of blast overpressure (140 kPa). Rats were administered with NACA (i.p. 100 mg/kg) or placebo (PBS) 30, 60 min and 24 h after exposure. Nonblasted sham-injected animals served as controls. Neutrophil infiltration measured by myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the lung was significantly increased at 2 days after blast and returned to controls at 8 days. This increase corresponded with activation of integrin CD11b mRNA and lung inflammatory chemokine mRNA expression; macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (MIP-1), monocyte chemotactic peptide-1 (MCP-1), and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 (CINC-1). At 8 days, all inflammatory mediators returned to control levels. In addition, expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) mRNA increased at 2 days after exposure. No changes were detected in the lung manganase superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) or glutathione reductase (GR) mRNA expression after blast. N-Acetylcysteine amide significantly reduced infiltration of neutrophils and CD11b mRNA activation in lungs, and completely blocked activation of MIP-1, MCP-1 and CINC-1 mRNA. The relatively higher inhibition of chemokine mRNAs compared with reduction in MPO activity and CD11b is in accordance with an antioxidant effect of NACA on reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, rather than by an effect on neutrophil sequestration. The inhibition of HO-1 mRNA activation after blast was likely also related to the drug antioxidant effect. C1 [Chavko, Mikulas; Adeeb, Saleena; Ahlers, Stephen T.; McCarron, Richard M.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Trauma & Resuscitat Med Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [McCarron, Richard M.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Chavko, M (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Trauma & Resuscitat Med Dept, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Mikulas.Chavko@med.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research Work Unit [601153N.04508.518.A0406] FX This work was supported by Office of Naval Research Work Unit (grant no. 601153N.04508.518.A0406). The experiments reported herein were conducted according to the principles set forth in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, National Research Council, National Academy Press, 1996) and was approved by WRAIR/NMRC IACUC Committee. The opinions expressed in this presentation are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy of the Department of Navy, Deparment of Defense of the US Government. NR 40 TC 20 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD SEP PY 2009 VL 32 IS 3 BP 325 EP 331 DI 10.1097/SHK.0b013e31819c38f1 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 486UU UT WOS:000269226000015 PM 19174737 ER PT J AU Scheibner, M Bracker, AS Kim, D Gammon, D AF Scheibner, Michael Bracker, Allan S. Kim, Danny Gammon, Daniel TI Essential concepts in the optical properties of quantum dot molecules SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Quantum dots; Quantum dot molecules; Tunnelling; Optical spectroscopy ID SINGLE-ELECTRON SPIN AB Here we review the basic optical spectra of quantum dot molecules. We apply a simple and straightforward model to calculate charge stability regions in vertically coupled double dot molecules that are embedded in a Schottky diode. This model allows us to relate features in the optical spectrum to the diode structure. The underlying concepts allow one to design quantum dot molecules functionalized for optical operations. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Scheibner, Michael; Bracker, Allan S.; Kim, Danny; Gammon, Daniel] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Scheibner, M (reprint author), Univ Calif, Merced, CA 95343 USA. EM mscheibner@ucmerced.edu; gammon@nrl.navy.mil RI Kim, Danny/A-7066-2009; OI Kim, Danny/0000-0001-7396-3826; Scheibner, Michael/0000-0003-3234-1902 FU NSA/ARO; ONR FX The authors acknowledge the financial support by NSA/ARO and ONR. NR 42 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 149 IS 35-36 BP 1427 EP 1435 DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2009.04.039 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 484UO UT WOS:000269073200007 ER PT J AU Xu, XD Sun, B Berman, PR Steel, DG Gammon, D Sham, LJ AF Xu, Xiaodong Sun, Bo Berman, P. R. Steel, Duncan G. Gammon, Daniel Sham, L. J. TI Strong optical field study of a single self-assembled quantum dot SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Nanostructure; Optical properties; Nonlinear optics ID ELECTRON-SPIN; ABSORPTION; RESONANCE; EMISSION; SPECTRA AB We review the investigation of a single quantum dot driven by a strong optical field. By coherent pump-probe spectroscopy, we demonstrate the Autler-Townes splitting and Mollow absorption spectrum in a single neutral quantum dot. Furthermore, we also show the typical Mollow absorption spectrum by driving a singly charged quantum dot in a strong optical coupling regime. Our results show all the typical features of an isolated atomic system driven by a strong optical field, such as the AC stark effect, Rabi side bands and optical gain effect, which indicate that both neutral and charged quantum dots maintain the discrete energy level states even at high optical field strengths. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Xu, Xiaodong; Sun, Bo; Berman, P. R.; Steel, Duncan G.] Univ Michigan, Harrison M Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Gammon, Daniel] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sham, L. J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Steel, DG (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Harrison M Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM dst@umich.edu OI Sham, Lu/0000-0001-5718-2077 FU U.S. ARO; AFOSR; ONR; NSA/LPS; FOCUS-NSF FX This work is supported by U.S. ARO, AFOSR, ONR, NSA/LPS, and FOCUS-NSF. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 149 IS 35-36 BP 1479 EP 1484 DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2009.04.042 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 484UO UT WOS:000269073200014 ER PT J AU Tumialan, LM Dadashev, V Laborde, DV Gupta, SK AF Tumialan, Luis M. Dadashev, Vladimir Laborde, David V. Gupta, Sanjay K. TI Management of Traumatic Cervical Spondyloptosis in a Neurologically Intact Patient Case Report SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE cervical; spondyloptosis; spinal cord injury; traction ID BILATERAL LOCKED FACETS; SPINE; INJURIES; REDUCTION; TRACTION AB Study Design. Case report. Objective. To review the management of a neurologically intact patient with complete cervical spondyloptosis with particular attention to the role and timing of closed preoperative cervical traction and subsequent stabilization. Summary of Background Data. Traumatic cervical spondyloptosis is typically associated with complete and irreversible spinal cord injury. In these patients, cervical traction can be implemented to restore anatomic alignment in preparation for stabilization with minimal consequence. When a patient presents neurologically intact, the management becomes more complicated. Preservation of function and restoration of anatomic alignment collectively represent the goals of therapy. The current literature does not clearly define the role of cervical traction in such cases. Methods. A patient with traumatic cervical spondyloptosis at the C7-T1 level presented to our institution and was found to be neurologically intact. Computed tomography demonstrated complete spondyloptosis with multiple fractures through the posterior elements. Results. The spondyloptosis was reduced with closed cervical traction and underwent anterior and posterior instrumented stabilization. No new deficit occurred in the patient after reduction. Conclusion. Fractures of the posterior elements functionally decompress the spinal canal and thereby allow for cervical traction to be safely implemented in patients with spondyloptosis. Safe restoration of anatomic alignment in the neurologically intact spondyloptotic patient is crucial to minimize the extent of surgical stabilization and create a long-term stable construct of the fracture dislocation. C1 [Tumialan, Luis M.; Dadashev, Vladimir; Laborde, David V.; Gupta, Sanjay K.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Grady Mem Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Tumialan, LM (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM luis.tumialan@med.navy.mil NR 14 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD SEP 1 PY 2009 VL 34 IS 19 BP E703 EP E708 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 490HD UT WOS:000269489800022 PM 19730203 ER PT J AU Hegg, DA Covert, DS Jonsson, HH Woods, R AF Hegg, D. A. Covert, D. S. Jonsson, H. H. Woods, R. TI Differentiating natural and anthropogenic cloud condensation nuclei in the California coastal zone SO TELLUS SERIES B-CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; PARTICLE-SIZE; SHIP TRACKS; ACE-ASIA; AEROSOL; MICROSTRUCTURE; HYGROSCOPICITY; SCATTERING; CLOSURE; ALBEDO AB Aerosol samples were collected and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations at five supersaturations were measured along and off the central California coast within the cloud-topped, marine boundary layer from aircraft flights during August 2007. Receptor modelling has been applied to estimate the natural versus anthropogenic source contribution of cloud condensation nuclei in this region, a region of climatically important marine stratocumulus. The results suggest that anthropogenic CCN accounted for about 50% of the CCN active at 0.3% supersaturation in this region during the measurement period. C1 [Hegg, D. A.; Covert, D. S.] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Jonsson, H. H.; Woods, R.] Naval Post Grad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA USA. RP Hegg, DA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM deanhegg@atmos.washington.edu FU ONR [N00014-07-1-0277] FX This research was supported by ONR grant N00014-07-1-0277. The authors wish to thank Prof. Tim Larson for many valuable discussions. Back trajectories used in this study were calculated with HYSPLIT-IV (HYbrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory) Model, 1997. Web address: http://www.arl.noaa.gov/ready/hysplit4.html, NOAA Air Resources Laboratory, Silver Spring, MD. NR 40 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0280-6509 J9 TELLUS B JI Tellus Ser. B-Chem. Phys. Meteorol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 61 IS 4 BP 669 EP 676 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0889.2009.00435.x PG 8 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 484YP UT WOS:000269087100008 ER PT J AU Struzinski, TH von Gohren, LR MacArthur, AHR AF Struzinski, Tyler H. von Gohren, Lydia R. MacArthur, Amy H. Roy TI Modified cobalt(II) acetylacetonate complexes as catalysts for Negishi-type coupling reactions: influence of ligand electronic properties on catalyst activity SO TRANSITION METAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID GRIGNARD-REAGENTS; ALKENYLATION; HALIDES; DIARYLMETHANES; BROMIDES AB Four known electronically diverse cobalt(II) acetylacetonate derivatives were synthesized by replacement of the acetylacetonate methyl groups with combinations of tert-butyl, ethoxy, and trifluoromethyl groups in order to study the effect of catalyst electronic properties on the reaction rate and product yield of the cobalt-catalyzed reaction between haloalkenes and butylzinc iodide. Infrared spectroscopy of these compounds showed an increase in the CO stretching frequency as the ligand substituents became more electron withdrawing. These compounds, in addition to cobalt(II) acetylacetonate itself, were evaluated as catalysts for the coupling reaction between (E)-1-iodo-1-octene and butylzinc iodide to form (E)-5-dodecene. Faster reaction rates were observed and higher yields of 5-dodecene were produced when catalysts containing electron-donating ligands were employed. Side reactions, including the homocoupling of 1-iodo-1-octene to produce 7,9-hexadecadiene, were also observed under the reported reaction conditions. The rate of side-product formation was more competitive with the rate of the cross-coupling reaction when slower, electron-deficient catalysts were employed. C1 [Struzinski, Tyler H.; von Gohren, Lydia R.; MacArthur, Amy H. Roy] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP MacArthur, AHR (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, 572 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM macarthu@usna.edu FU Naval Academy Research Council; Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N0001407WR20102, N0001408WR40063] FX We gratefully acknowledge support by the Naval Academy Research Council and by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) grants N0001407WR20102 and N0001408WR40063. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0340-4285 J9 TRANSIT METAL CHEM JI Transit. Met. Chem. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 34 IS 6 BP 637 EP 640 DI 10.1007/s11243-009-9241-9 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 482RM UT WOS:000268906400009 ER PT J AU Clausen, J Cramer, R Clough, S Gray, M Gwinn, P AF Clausen, Jay Cramer, Randall Clough, Stephen Gray, Michael Gwinn, Patrick TI Assessing the Sensitivity of Quantitative Structural Activity Analysis Models for Evaluating New Military Compounds SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE QSAR; EPI Suite (TM); Explosives; RDX; Perchlorate ID QSARS AB Quantitative structural activity relationship (QSAR) models are receiving wide use because of new regulations and public scrutiny regarding new compounds entered into commerce. Accordingly, the US Department of Defense (DoD) supported this study to evaluate QSAR modeling for energetic compounds. Four compounds proposed to replace ammonium perchlorate were examined: ammonium di(nitramido)amine (ADNA); 1,3,5,5-tetranitrohexahydropyrimidine (DNNC); 1,3,3,5,7,7-hexanitro-1,5-diazacyclooctane (HCO); and diammonium di(nitramido)dinitroethylene (ADNDNE). Currently used compounds were evaluated as analogues for those under development. Ammonium dinitramide (ADN) was the analogue for ADNA; hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) for DNNC; octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) for HCO; and 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (FOX-7) for ADNDNE. QSAR analysis was performed with the US Environmental Protection Agency's Estimation Program Interface (EPI) Suite (TM). The comparison of model estimates to literature values ranged from good-to-poor. Results suggested the proposed replacement compounds have low aquatic toxicities and little potential to bioaccummulate, but the uncertainty in the predictions indicates QSAR modeling with EPI Suite (TM) is only useful for qualitative assessments of these proposed energetic compounds. C1 [Clausen, Jay] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Cramer, Randall] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, NAVSEA, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. [Clough, Stephen] Haley & Aldrich Inc, Manchester, NH 03102 USA. [Gray, Michael] Woodard & Curran, Portland, ME 04102 USA. [Gwinn, Patrick] AMEC Earth & Environm Inc, Portland, ME 04101 USA. RP Clausen, J (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Jay.L.Clausen@usace.army.mil FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) [SERDP PP-1403] FX This research was performed as part of the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) funded project SERDP PP-1403 "Synthesis, Evaluation, and Formulation Studies on New Oxidizers as Alternatives to Ammonium Perchlorate in Department of Defense (DoD) Missile Propulsion Applications" with M. Dewey, ATK Thiokol NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 202 IS 1-4 BP 141 EP 147 DI 10.1007/s11270-008-9964-9 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 483XT UT WOS:000269007400013 ER PT J AU Fonda, RW Pao, PS Jones, HN Feng, CR Connolly, BJ Davenport, AJ AF Fonda, R. W. Pao, P. S. Jones, H. N. Feng, C. R. Connolly, B. J. Davenport, A. J. TI Microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion of friction stir welded Al 5456 SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Friction stir welding; Aluminum; Microstructure; Fatigue; Corrosion ID MG ALLOY; CRACK-GROWTH; ALUMINUM; PRECIPITATION; FATIGUE; BEHAVIOR AB Friction stir welds in Al 5456 were analyzed to determine their microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior as a function of position across the transverse cross-section of the weld. The microstructural evolution that occurred in each weld-affected region was correlated to the properties of those regions to determine the microstructural basis for the observed tensile, fatigue, and corrosion properties. In particular, the effects of weld-induced deformation recovery (both in terms of reduced dislocation density and its implications on solute content and precipitation), grain growth, and precipitate evolutions will be discussed. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Fonda, R. W.; Pao, P. S.; Jones, H. N.; Feng, C. R.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Connolly, B. J.; Davenport, A. J.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Met & Mat, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. RP Fonda, RW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Code 6356,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Richard.fonda@nrl.navy.mil RI Davenport, Alison/J-6089-2013 OI Davenport, Alison/0000-0003-0853-515X FU Office of Naval Research; Royal Society's USA [TB/USA/15523]; U.S. Office of Naval Research [N00014-03-1-4158] FX RWF, PSP, HNJ, and CRF would like to acknowledge financial support from the Naval Research Laboratory under the auspices of the Office of Naval Research. BJC acknowledges support from The Royal Society's USA Research Fellow Program (via grant TB/USA/15523) and from the U.S. Office of Naval Research/International Field Office's Visitor Support Program (via grant N00014-03-1-4158). NR 31 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD AUG 30 PY 2009 VL 519 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2009.04.034 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 483EC UT WOS:000268944100001 ER PT J AU Abelev, BI Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Baumgart, S Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Benedosso, F Betancourt, MJ Betts, RR Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Biritz, B Bland, LC Bombara, M Bonner, BE Botje, M Bouchet, J Braidot, E Brandin, AV Bruna, E Bueltmann, S Burton, TP Bystersky, M Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Catu, O Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, KE Christie, W Clarke, RF Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cormier, TM Cosentino, MR Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Das, S Dash, S Daugherity, M De Silva, LC Dedovich, TG DePhillips, M Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD Didenko, L Djawotho, P Dogra, SM Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Edwards, WR Efimov, LG Elhalhuli, E Elnimr, M Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Eun, L Fachini, P Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Feng, A Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Gaillard, L Gangadharan, DR Ganti, MS Garcia-Solis, EJ Geromitsos, A Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gorbunov, YN Gordon, A Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Grube, B Guertin, SM Guimaraes, KSFF Gupta, A Gupta, N Guryn, W Haag, B Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Harris, JW He, W Heinz, M Heppelmann, S Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffman, AM Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Huang, HZ Humanic, TJ Huo, L Igo, G Iordanova, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Jakl, P Jena, C Jin, F Jones, CL Jones, PG Joseph, J Judd, EG Kabana, S Kajimoto, K Kang, K Kapitan, J Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kettler, D Khodyrev, VY Kikola, DP Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Klein, SR Knospe, AG Kocoloski, A Koetke, DD Kopytine, M Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kouchpil, V Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Krus, M Kuhn, C Kumar, L Kurnadi, P Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM LaPointe, S Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, CH Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, N Li, Y Lin, G Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, J Liu, L Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Love, WA Lu, Y Ludlam, T Ma, GL Ma, YG Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mall, OI Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McDonald, D McShane, TS Meschanin, A Milner, R Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mischke, A Mohanty, B Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nattrass, C Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Ng, MJ Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okada, H Okorokov, V Olson, D Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Phatak, SC Pile, P Planinic, M Pluta, J Plyku, D Poljak, N Poskanzer, AM Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Redwine, R Reed, R Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Russcher, MJ Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Sakuma, T Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sarsour, M Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Seger, J Selyuzhenkov, I Seyboth, P Shabetai, A Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shi, SS Shi, XH Sichtermann, EP Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stadnik, A Stanislaus, TDS Staszak, D Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Subba, NL Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarini, LH Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Timoshenko, S Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Tram, VN Trattner, AL Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, OD Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Leeuwen, M Molen, AMV Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasilevski, IM Vasiliev, AN Videbaek, F Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Wada, M Walker, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, X Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, Y Xie, W Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, Y Xu, Z Yang, P Yepes, P Yip, K Yoo, IK Yue, Q Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhan, W Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, Y Zhong, C Zhou, J Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y Zuo, JX AF Abelev, B. I. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Anderson, B. D. Arkhipkin, D. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Barannikova, O. Barnby, L. S. Baudot, J. Baumgart, S. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Benedosso, F. Betancourt, M. J. Betts, R. R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Biritz, B. Bland, L. C. Bombara, M. Bonner, B. E. Botje, M. Bouchet, J. Braidot, E. Brandin, A. V. Bruna, E. Bueltmann, S. Burton, T. P. Bystersky, M. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Catu, O. Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chajecki, Z. Chaloupka, P. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Choi, K. E. Christie, W. Clarke, R. F. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cormier, T. M. Cosentino, M. R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Das, D. Das, S. Dash, S. Daugherity, M. De Silva, L. C. Dedovich, T. G. DePhillips, M. Derevschikov, A. A. de Souza, R. Derradi Didenko, L. Djawotho, P. Dogra, S. M. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Dunlop, J. C. Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta Edwards, W. R. Efimov, L. G. Elhalhuli, E. Elnimr, M. Emelianov, V. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Erazmus, B. Estienne, M. Eun, L. Fachini, P. Fatemi, R. Fedorisin, J. Feng, A. Filip, P. Finch, E. Fine, V. Fisyak, Y. Gagliardi, C. A. Gaillard, L. Gangadharan, D. R. Ganti, M. S. Garcia-Solis, E. J. Geromitsos, A. Geurts, F. Ghazikhanian, V. Ghosh, P. Gorbunov, Y. N. Gordon, A. Grebenyuk, O. Grosnick, D. Grube, B. Guertin, S. M. Guimaraes, K. S. F. F. Gupta, A. Gupta, N. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hallman, T. J. Hamed, A. Harris, J. W. He, W. Heinz, M. Heppelmann, S. Hippolyte, B. Hirsch, A. Hjort, E. Hoffman, A. M. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Hollis, R. S. Huang, H. Z. Humanic, T. J. Huo, L. Igo, G. Iordanova, A. Jacobs, P. Jacobs, W. W. Jakl, P. Jena, C. Jin, F. Jones, C. L. Jones, P. G. Joseph, J. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kajimoto, K. Kang, K. Kapitan, J. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kettler, D. Khodyrev, V. Yu Kikola, D. P. Kiryluk, J. Kisiel, A. Klein, S. R. Knospe, A. G. Kocoloski, A. Koetke, D. D. Kopytine, M. Korsch, W. Kotchenda, L. Kouchpil, V. Kravtsov, P. Kravtsov, V. I. Krueger, K. Krus, M. Kuhn, C. Kumar, L. Kurnadi, P. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. LaPointe, S. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, C. -H. Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, C. Li, N. Li, Y. Lin, G. Lindenbaum, S. J. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Liu, J. Liu, L. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Love, W. A. Lu, Y. Ludlam, T. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Mall, O. I. Mangotra, L. K. Manweiler, R. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Matis, H. S. Matulenko, Yu A. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Meschanin, A. Milner, R. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mischke, A. Mohanty, B. Morozov, D. A. Munhoz, M. G. Nandi, B. K. Nattrass, C. Nayak, T. K. Nelson, J. M. Netrakanti, P. K. Ng, M. J. Nogach, L. V. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Okada, H. Okorokov, V. Olson, D. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Peitzmann, T. Perevoztchikov, V. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Phatak, S. C. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Pluta, J. Plyku, D. Poljak, N. Poskanzer, A. M. Potukuchi, B. V. K. S. Prindle, D. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Pujahari, P. R. Putschke, J. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Redwine, R. Reed, R. Ridiger, A. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Rose, A. Roy, C. Ruan, L. Russcher, M. J. Sahoo, R. Sakrejda, I. Sakuma, T. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sarsour, M. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmitz, N. Seger, J. Selyuzhenkov, I. Seyboth, P. Shabetai, A. Shahaliev, E. Shao, M. Sharma, M. Shi, S. S. Shi, X-H. Sichtermann, E. P. Simon, F. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, N. Snellings, R. Sorensen, P. Sowinski, J. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stadnik, A. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Staszak, D. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Suarez, M. C. Subba, N. L. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Symons, T. J. M. de Toledo, A. Szanto Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarini, L. H. Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Timoshenko, S. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Tram, V. N. Trattner, A. L. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tsai, O. D. Ulery, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Leeuwen, M. Molen, A. M. Vander Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasilevski, I. M. Vasiliev, A. N. Videbaek, F. Vigdor, S. E. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Wada, M. Walker, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Whitten, C., Jr. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. Xie, W. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Yang, P. Yepes, P. Yip, K. Yoo, I-K. Yue, Q. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhan, W. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, Y. Zhong, C. Zhou, J. Zoulkarneev, R. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zuo, J. X. TI K/pi Fluctuations at Relativistic Energies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; STRANGENESS; POINT; MODEL; QCD; QGP AB We report K/pi fluctuations from Au+Au collisions at s(NN)=19.6, 62.4, 130, and 200 GeV using the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. K/pi fluctuations in central collisions show little dependence on incident energy and are on the same order as those from NA49 at the Super Proton Synchrotron in central Pb+Pb collisions at s(NN)=12.3 and 17.3 GeV. We report results for the collision centrality dependence of K/pi fluctuations and results for charge-separated fluctuations. We observe that the K/pi fluctuations scale with the charged particle multiplicity density. C1 [Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Christie, W.; DePhillips, M.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fachini, P.; Fine, V.; Fisyak, Y.; Gordon, A.; Guryn, W.; Hallman, T. J.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Love, W. A.; Ludlam, T.; Ogawa, A.; Okada, H.; Perevoztchikov, V.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Ng, M. J.; Perkins, C.; Trattner, A. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Das, D.; Draper, J. E.; Haag, B.; Mall, O. I.; Reed, R.; Romero, J. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Biritz, B.; Cendejas, R.; Gangadharan, D. R.; Ghazikhanian, V.; Guertin, S. M.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Kurnadi, P.; Staszak, D.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Whitten, C., Jr.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [de Souza, R. Derradi; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Abelev, B. I.; Barannikova, O.; Betts, R. R.; Garcia-Solis, E. J.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Iordanova, A.; Suarez, M. C.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Cherney, M.; Gorbunov, Y. N.; McShane, T. S.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Bielcikova, J.; Bystersky, M.; Chaloupka, P.; Jakl, P.; Kapitan, J.; Kouchpil, V.; Krus, M.; Pachr, M.; Sumbera, M.; Tlusty, D.] Nucl Phys Inst AS CR, Rez 25068, Czech Republic. [Averichev, G. S.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Kechechyan, A.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Stadnik, A.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.] Lab High Energy JINR, Dubna, Russia. [Arkhipkin, D.; Filip, P.; Lednicky, R.; Vasilevski, I. M.; Zoulkarneev, R.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Particle Phys Lab JINR, Dubna, Russia. [Dash, S.; Jena, C.; Mahapatra, D. P.; Phatak, S. C.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Pujahari, P. R.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India. [He, W.; Jacobs, W. W.; Page, B. S.; Selyuzhenkov, I.; Sowinski, J.; Vigdor, S. E.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Baudot, J.; Hippolyte, B.; Kuhn, C.; Shabetai, A.] Inst Rech Subat, Strasbourg, France. [Bhasin, A.; Dogra, S. M.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, N.; Mangotra, L. K.; Potukuchi, B. V. K. S.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Anderson, B. D.; Bouchet, J.; Chen, J. H.; Joseph, J.; Keane, D.; Kopytine, M.; Margetis, S.; Pandit, Y.; Subba, N. L.; Vanfossen, J. A., Jr.; Zhang, W. M.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Fatemi, R.; Korsch, W.; Webb, G.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Yang, P.; Zhan, W.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. [Dong, X.; Edwards, W. R.; Grebenyuk, O.; Hjort, E.; Jacobs, P.; Kikola, D. P.; Kiryluk, J.; Klein, S. R.; Matis, H. S.; Odyniec, G.; Olson, D.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Ritter, H. G.; Rose, A.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X. M.; Symons, T. J. M.; Thomas, J. H.; Tram, V. N.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, Y.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balewski, J.; Betancourt, M. J.; Corliss, R.; Hoffman, A. M.; Jones, C. L.; Kocoloski, A.; Leight, W.; Milner, R.; Redwine, R.; Sakuma, T.; Surrow, B.; Walker, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.; Simon, F.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Tarnowsky, T.; Molen, A. M. Vander; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Emelianov, V.; Kotchenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Okorokov, V.; Ridiger, A.; Strikhanov, M.; Timoshenko, S.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Lindenbaum, S. J.] CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Benedosso, F.; Botje, M.; Braidot, E.; Mischke, A.; Peitzmann, T.; Russcher, M. J.; Snellings, R.; van Leeuwen, M.] Univ Utrecht, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Chajecki, Z.; Humanic, T. J.; Kisiel, A.; Lisa, M. A.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bueltmann, S.; Plyku, D.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Kumar, L.; Pruthi, N. K.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Eun, L.; Heppelmann, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Khodyrev, V. Yu; Kravtsov, V. I.; Matulenko, Yu A.; Meschanin, A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Hirsch, A.; Netrakanti, P. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Skoby, M. J.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Ulery, J.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.; Xie, W.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Choi, K. E.; Grube, B.; Lee, C. -H.; Yoo, I-K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Bonner, B. E.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Liu, J.; Llope, W. J.; McDonald, D.; Roberts, J. B.; Yepes, P.; Zhou, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Cosentino, M. R.; Guimaraes, K. S. F. F.; Munhoz, M. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; de Toledo, A. Szanto] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. F.; Li, C.; Lu, Y.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.; Zhao, Y.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Xu, Q. H.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Cai, X. Z.; Jin, F.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shi, X-H.; Tian, J.; Zhang, S.; Zhong, C.; Zuo, J. X.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Erazmus, B.; Estienne, M.; Geromitsos, A.; Kabana, S.; Roy, C.; Sahoo, R.] SUBATECH, Nantes, France. [Cervantes, M. C.; Clarke, R. F.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Djawotho, P.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Huo, L.; Mioduszewski, S.; Sarsour, M.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Daugherity, M.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Kajimoto, K.; Markert, C.; Schambach, J.; Thein, D.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Cheng, J.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, X.; Wang, Y.; Yue, Q.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Manweiler, R.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Webb, J. C.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Das, S.; Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta; Ganti, M. S.; Ghosh, P.; Mohanty, B.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Singaraju, R. N.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. [Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bellwied, R.; Cormier, T. M.; De Silva, L. C.; Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Sharma, M.; Tarini, L. H.; Timmins, A. R.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Chen, J. Y.; Feng, A.; Li, N.; Liu, F.; Liu, L.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y.] CCNU HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Baumgart, S.; Bruna, E.; Caines, H.; Catu, O.; Chikanian, A.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Heinz, M.; Knospe, A. G.; Lin, G.; Majka, R.; Nattrass, C.; Putschke, J.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. [Barnby, L. S.; Bombara, M.; Burton, T. P.; Elhalhuli, E.; Gaillard, L.; Jones, P. G.; Nelson, J. M.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Benedosso, F.; Botje, M.; Braidot, E.; Mischke, A.; Peitzmann, T.; Russcher, M. J.; Snellings, R.; van Leeuwen, M.] NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Abelev, BI (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RI Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Yoo, In-Kwon/J-6222-2012; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Pandit, Yadav/I-2170-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Cosentino, Mauro/L-2418-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Lee, Chang-Hwan/B-3096-2015; Dogra, Sunil /B-5330-2013; Fornazier Guimaraes, Karin Silvia/H-4587-2016; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Nattrass, Christine/J-6752-2016; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013 OI Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Pandit, Yadav/0000-0003-2809-7943; Cosentino, Mauro/0000-0002-7880-8611; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Fisyak, Yuri/0000-0002-3151-8377; Bhasin, Anju/0000-0002-3687-8179; Sorensen, Paul/0000-0001-5056-9391; Thomas, James/0000-0002-6256-4536; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Lee, Chang-Hwan/0000-0003-3221-1171; Fornazier Guimaraes, Karin Silvia/0000-0003-0578-9533; Nattrass, Christine/0000-0002-8768-6468; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900 FU Offices of NP and HEP; U. S. DOE Office of Science; U. S. NSF; Sloan Foundation; DFG FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, and the NERSC Center at LBNL and the resources provided by the Open Science Grid consortium for their support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the U. S. DOE Office of Science, the U. S. NSF, the Sloan Foundation, the DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe,'' CNRS/IN2P3, RA, RPL, and EMN of France, STFC and EPSRC of the United Kingdom, FAPESP of Brazil, the Russian Ministry of Sci. and Tech., the NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China, IRP and GA of the Czech Republic, FOM of the Netherlands, DAE, DST, and CSIR of the Government of India, the Polish State Committee for Scientific Research, and the Korea Sci. & Eng. Foundation. NR 20 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 28 PY 2009 VL 103 IS 9 AR 092301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.092301 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 493FA UT WOS:000269718500025 ER PT J AU Meehl, GA Arblaster, JM Matthes, K Sassi, F van Loon, H AF Meehl, Gerald A. Arblaster, Julie M. Matthes, Katja Sassi, Fabrizio van Loon, Harry TI Amplifying the Pacific Climate System Response to a Small 11-Year Solar Cycle Forcing SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID VARIABILITY; TEMPERATURE; IRRADIANCE; REGION; PEAKS AB One of the mysteries regarding Earth's climate system response to variations in solar output is how the relatively small fluctuations of the 11-year solar cycle can produce the magnitude of the observed climate signals in the tropical Pacific associated with such solar variability. Two mechanisms, the top-down stratospheric response of ozone to fluctuations of shortwave solar forcing and the bottom-up coupled ocean-atmosphere surface response, are included in versions of three global climate models, with either mechanism acting alone or both acting together. We show that the two mechanisms act together to enhance the climatological off-equatorial tropical precipitation maxima in the Pacific, lower the eastern equatorial Pacific sea surface temperatures during peaks in the 11-year solar cycle, and reduce low-latitude clouds to amplify the solar forcing at the surface. C1 [Meehl, Gerald A.; Arblaster, Julie M.; van Loon, Harry] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Arblaster, Julie M.] Bur Meteorol, Ctr Australian Weather & Climate, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Matthes, Katja] GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, Helmholtz Ctr Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany. [Matthes, Katja] Free Univ Berlin, Inst Meteorol, D-1000 Berlin, Germany. [Sassi, Fabrizio] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [van Loon, Harry] Colorado Res Associates, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. RP Meehl, GA (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM meehl@ncar.ucar.edu RI Matthes, Katja/F-7361-2014; Arblaster, Julie/C-1342-2010; OI Matthes, Katja/0000-0003-1801-3072; Arblaster, Julie/0000-0002-4287-2363; Sassi, Fabrizio/0000-0002-9492-7434 FU Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FC02-97ER62402]; NSF FX Portions of this study were supported by the Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy, Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC02-97ER62402, and the NSF. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the NSF. NR 28 TC 179 Z9 191 U1 5 U2 37 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 28 PY 2009 VL 325 IS 5944 BP 1114 EP 1118 DI 10.1126/science.1172872 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 488WZ UT WOS:000269382300037 PM 19713524 ER PT J AU Wilkinson, J Konek, CT Moran, JS Witko, EM Korter, TM AF Wilkinson, John Konek, Christopher T. Moran, Jesse S. Witko, Ewelina M. Korter, Timothy M. TI Terahertz absorption spectrum of triacetone triperoxide (TATP) SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY; EXPLOSIVES; EXCHANGE AB We report here, for the first time, the terahertz absorption spectrum of triacetone triperoxide (TATP). The experimental spectra are coupled with solid-state density functional theory, and preliminary assignments are provided to gain physical insight into the experimental spectrum. The calculated absorption coefficients are in excellent agreement with experiment. Published by Elsevier B. V. C1 [Wilkinson, John; Konek, Christopher T.; Moran, Jesse S.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Res Dept, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. [Witko, Ewelina M.; Korter, Timothy M.] Syracuse Univ, Ctr Sci & Technol 1 014, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. RP Wilkinson, J (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Res Dept, 4104 Evans Way,Suite 102, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. EM john.h.wilkinson@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; ASEE/NSWC FX Funding for this work was provided by the Office of Naval Research. The authors acknowledge Dr. M. C. Kemp for helpful discussions. C. T. K. acknowledges an ASEE/NSWC postdoctoral fellowship for funding. NR 15 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 27 PY 2009 VL 478 IS 4-6 BP 172 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.07.079 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 486GT UT WOS:000269185000013 ER PT J AU Wallcraft, AJ Kara, AB Barron, CN Metzger, EJ Pauley, RL Bourassa, MA AF Wallcraft, A. J. Kara, A. B. Barron, C. N. Metzger, E. J. Pauley, R. L. Bourassa, M. A. TI Comparisons of monthly mean 10 m wind speeds from satellites and NWP products over the global ocean SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID AIR-SEA FLUXES; US WEST-COAST; SCATTEROMETER DATA; BUOY DATA; RAIN; QUIKSCAT; RADIOMETER; ALGORITHM; SEAWINDS; IMPACT AB The accuracy of wind speed at 10 m above the sea surface from two satellite and three numerical weather prediction (NWP) products is investigated over the global ocean. Rain-free equivalent neutral winds from the Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT) are converted to stability-dependent winds to be consistent with those from NWP products and are taken as truth in comparisons to winds from other products. Quantitative statistical analyses presented at each grid point over the global ocean reveal that monthly winds from NWP products have almost perfect skill relative to those from QuikSCAT winds during the 3-year common period (September 1999 to August 2002). Exceptions occur in tropical regions and high southern latitudes. Wind speeds adjusted to 10 m at many moored buoys located in different regions of the global ocean further confirm the accuracy of monthly NWP winds, giving RMS difference of 1.0 m s(-1) based on 1281 monthlong time series. The satellite-based QuikSCAT winds agree with buoy winds relatively better than NWP products. While there is good agreement among wind products on monthly timescales, large differences (>3 m s(-1) and more) in NWP winds are found in comparison to QuikSCAT winds on shorter time intervals at high latitudes. Daily means of sensible and latent heat fluxes based on NWP winds can therefore differ as much as 100 W m(-2) in comparison to those based on QuikSCAT winds. In general, NWP wind-based sensible and latent heat fluxes are more similar to their QuikSCAT wind-based counterparts in tropical regions and midlatitudes. C1 [Wallcraft, A. J.; Kara, A. B.; Barron, C. N.; Metzger, E. J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Pauley, R. L.] Fleet Numer Meteorol & Oceanog Ctr, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Bourassa, M. A.] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Bourassa, M. A.] Florida State Univ, Dept Meteorol, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RP Wallcraft, AJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Code 7320,Bldg 1009, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM birol.kara@nrlssc.navy.mil RI Barron, Charlie/C-1451-2008 FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); NASA Ocean Vector Winds Science Team FX The two anonymous reviewers are greatly acknowledged for their constructive comments, which improved the quality of the article. This work is funded by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) under the 6.1 project, Global Remote Littoral Forcing via Deep Water Pathways, and the 6.2 project, HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model and Advanced Data Assimilation. QSCAT and SSM/I wind measurements are produced by Remote Sensing Systems and sponsored by the NASA Ocean Vector Winds Science Team. The article is contribution NRL/JA/7320/08/8220 and has been approved for public release. NR 43 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD AUG 27 PY 2009 VL 114 AR D16109 DI 10.1029/2008JD011696 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 488LC UT WOS:000269350200004 ER PT J AU Lekka, CE Papaconstantopoulos, DA Mehl, MJ Finkenstadt, D Evangelakis, G AF Lekka, Ch. E. Papaconstantopoulos, D. A. Mehl, M. J. Finkenstadt, Daniel Evangelakis, G. TI Static and dynamic tight-binding simulations of the binary NbMo and CuZr alloys SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Metastable and Nano-Materials CY AUG 26-30, 2007 CL Corfu, GREECE DE Tight binding; Band calculations; Atomic defects; Alloys ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CORROSION BEHAVIOR; METALLIC GLASSES; ORDER; HCL AB We applied the NRL-tight-binding method in static and molecular dynamics simulations for determining the electronic and dynamic properties of the binary Nb-Mo and Cu-Zr systems. The tight-binding (TB) Hamiltonians were determined by least-square fits to databases obtained by density functional theory calculations that include the band structures and the total energies of the pure elements and the B2(CsCl) structures for the alloys. In previous work we established that the NRL-TB scheme gives accurate predictions of many properties of the pure elements. In this work we present calculations referring to the total energy for various compositions, the band structure, the vacancy formation energies and the mean-squared displacements of NbMo and CuZr in the CsCl structure. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Papaconstantopoulos, D. A.] George Mason Univ, Dept Computat & Data Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Lekka, Ch. E.] Univ Ioannina, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Mehl, M. J.; Finkenstadt, Daniel] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Evangelakis, G.] Univ Ioannina, Dept Phys, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. RP Papaconstantopoulos, DA (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Computat & Data Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM dpapacon@gmu.edu RI Mehl, Michael/H-8814-2016 NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD AUG 26 PY 2009 VL 483 IS 1-2 BP 627 EP 631 DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.07.219 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 504LZ UT WOS:000270619600152 ER PT J AU Xian, P Reid, JS Turk, JF Hyer, EJ Westphal, DL AF Xian, Peng Reid, Jeffrey S. Turk, Joseph F. Hyer, Edward J. Westphal, Douglas L. TI Impact of modeled versus satellite measured tropical precipitation on regional smoke optical thickness in an aerosol transport model SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE MODELS; SCHEME; CONVECTION; PRODUCTS AB Aerosol and climate models are dependent on the parameterizations of the underlying meteorological model. Precipitation schemes in global meteorological models are designed to close the regional water budget, without concern for representative wet removal. By substituting numerical model precipitation for a multi-satellite precipitation dataset, we demonstrate the impact of modeled versus satellite-derived precipitation on aerosol optical depth (AOD) in the Navy Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System (NAAPS). The model and satellite-derived precipitation are shown to have similar precipitation amounts, but the precipitation area from the model is about twice that in the satellite data. The resulting difference in scavenging results in an increase in mid-visible AOD of about 20-200% in parts of Southeast Asia and South America during the burning seasons (or 0.1-0.2 in AOD). This suggests that care must be taken when combining free-running model and remote sensing data to evaluate smoke-cloud interactions or to estimate source magnitudes. Citation: Xian, P., J. S. Reid, J. F. Turk, E. J. Hyer, and D. L. Westphal (2009), Impact of modeled versus satellite measured tropical precipitation on regional smoke optical thickness in an aerosol transport model, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L16805, doi:10.1029/2009GL038823. C1 [Xian, Peng; Reid, Jeffrey S.; Hyer, Edward J.; Westphal, Douglas L.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Turk, Joseph F.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Xian, P (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM peng.xian@nrlmry.navy.mil RI Reid, Jeffrey/B-7633-2014; Hyer, Edward/E-7734-2011 OI Reid, Jeffrey/0000-0002-5147-7955; Hyer, Edward/0000-0001-8636-2026 FU Office of Naval Research Code 32; NASA FX Funding for this project was provided by the Office of Naval Research Code 32 and the NASA interdisciplinary science program. We thank Timothy F. Hogan for providing the NOGAPS codes and helpful discussions on NOGAPS performance. J. F. Turk's contribution to this work was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 26 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 25 PY 2009 VL 36 AR L16805 DI 10.1029/2009GL038823 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 488KJ UT WOS:000269348200001 ER PT J AU Ganguly, D Ginoux, P Ramaswamy, V Dubovik, O Welton, J Reid, EA Holben, BN AF Ganguly, Dilip Ginoux, P. Ramaswamy, V. Dubovik, O. Welton, J. Reid, E. A. Holben, B. N. TI Inferring the composition and concentration of aerosols by combining AERONET and MPLNET data: Comparison with other measurements and utilization to evaluate GCM output SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID SKY RADIANCE MEASUREMENTS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; WAVELENGTH DEPENDENCE; TROPOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; NORTH-AMERICA; AIR-POLLUTION; UNITED-STATES; SATELLITE; NETWORK; AEROCOM AB In this work we demonstrate a method to derive the concentration of aerosol components from the spectral measurements of AOD (aerosol optical depth) and single scattering albedo along with their size distribution and extinction profile available from AERONET (Aerosol Robotic Network) and MPLNET (Micro-pulse Lidar Network) stations. The technique involves finding the best combination of aerosol concentration by minimizing differences between measured and calculated values of aerosol parameters such as AOD, single scattering albedo, and size distribution. We applied this technique over selected sites in three different regions of the United States (West coast, Great Plains, and North-East). Our results are then compared with the measured concentration of aerosol components available from IMPROVE (Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments) and EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) network, as well as two different versions of the GFDL (Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory) General Circulation Model AM2 with online and offline aerosols. In general, concentrations retrieved by our technique compare well with the ground-based measurements, but there are some discrepancies possibly due to the inherent differences in temporal and spatial scales of data averaging or some of the assumptions made in our study. Over continental North America, the online version of AM2 appears to overestimate sulfate concentration approximately by a factor of two and underestimate organic carbon by nearly the same amount. Results of our sensitivity study show that the errors in the retrieval of black carbon and sulfate concentrations could be as high as 100% when there is a large bias of similar to 0.05 in the reference values of single scattering albedo under high AOD (>= 0.5 0.44 mu m) conditions. Knowledge on the vertical distribution of aerosols is crucial for an accurate retrieval of surface concentration of aerosols. We also determine the composition and concentration of elevated aerosol layers using this technique. C1 [Ganguly, Dilip; Ginoux, P.; Ramaswamy, V.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Ganguly, Dilip; Ramaswamy, V.] Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Dubovik, O.] Univ Lille, CNRS, Opt Atmospher Lab, F-59655 Villeneuve Dascq, France. [Welton, J.; Holben, B. N.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Reid, E. A.] USN, Aerosol & Radiat Modeling Sect, Marine Meteorol Div, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Ganguly, D (reprint author), NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. EM dilip.ganguly@noaa.gov RI Ginoux, Paul/C-2326-2008; Welton, Ellsworth/A-8362-2012; Dubovik, Oleg/A-8235-2009 OI Ginoux, Paul/0000-0003-3642-2988; Dubovik, Oleg/0000-0003-3482-6460 FU Department of Energy, United States of America FX The Lidar data from Cart Site were obtained from the archive of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Climate Research Facility which is supported by the Department of Energy, United States of America. NR 63 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD AUG 25 PY 2009 VL 114 AR D16203 DI 10.1029/2009JD011895 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 488KY UT WOS:000269349800005 ER PT J AU Crum-Cianflone, NF Hullsiek, KH Marconi, V Weintrob, A Ganesan, A Barthel, RV Fraser, S Agan, BK AF Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F. Hullsiek, Katherine H. Marconi, Vincent Weintrob, Amy Ganesan, Anuradha Barthel, Robert V. Fraser, Susan Agan, Brian K. TI Trends in the incidence of cancers among HIV-infected persons and the impact of antiretroviral therapy: authors' reply SO AIDS LA English DT Letter ID ANAL CANCER; COHORT; AIDS; RISK; IMMUNODEFICIENCY; MALIGNANCY; SMOKING C1 [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.; Hullsiek, Katherine H.; Marconi, Vincent; Weintrob, Amy; Ganesan, Anuradha; Barthel, Robert V.; Fraser, Susan; Agan, Brian K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, TriServ, AIDS Clin Consortium, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] USN, Infect Dis Clin, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Hullsiek, Katherine H.] Univ Minnesota, Div Biostat, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Marconi, Vincent; Agan, Brian K.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, San Antonio, TX USA. [Weintrob, Amy] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Ganesan, Anuradha] USN, Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Barthel, Robert V.] USN, Infect Dis Clin, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Fraser, Susan] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Crum-Cianflone, NF (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, TriServ, AIDS Clin Consortium, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RI Marconi, Vincent/N-3210-2014; OI Marconi, Vincent/0000-0001-8409-4689; Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669 NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD AUG 24 PY 2009 VL 23 IS 13 BP 1791 EP 1792 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32832cb296 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 488FF UT WOS:000269333900022 PM 19684484 ER PT J AU Aglitskiy, Y Karasik, M Velikovich, AL Serlin, V Weaver, JL Schmitt, AJ Obenschain, SP Metzler, N Zalesak, ST Gardner, JH Oh, J Harding, EC AF Aglitskiy, Y. Karasik, M. Velikovich, A. L. Serlin, V. Weaver, J. L. Schmitt, A. J. Obenschain, S. P. Metzler, N. Zalesak, S. T. Gardner, J. H. Oh, J. Harding, E. C. TI Stability of a Shock-Decelerated Ablation Front SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RICHTMYER-MESHKOV INSTABILITY; INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; TIME PERTURBATION GROWTH; LASER TARGETS; FEEDOUT; FOILS; MODEL AB Experimental study of a shock-decelerated ablation front is reported. A planar solid plastic target is accelerated by a laser across a vacuum gap and collides with a lower-density plastic foam layer. While the target is accelerated, a fast Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) growth of the seeded single-mode perturbation at the ablation front is observed. After the collision, the velocity of the ablation front is seen to remain constant. The reshock quenches the RT growth but does not trigger any Richtmyer-Meshkov growth at the ablation front, which is shown to be consistent with both theory and simulations. C1 [Aglitskiy, Y.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22150 USA. [Karasik, M.; Velikovich, A. L.; Serlin, V.; Weaver, J. L.; Schmitt, A. J.; Obenschain, S. P.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Metzler, N.] Artep Inc, Columbia, MD 20145 USA. [Metzler, N.] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Mech Engn, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel. [Zalesak, S. T.; Gardner, J. H.] Berkeley Res Associates Inc, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Oh, J.] Res Support Instruments, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Harding, E. C.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Aglitskiy, Y (reprint author), Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22150 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy, Defense Programs FX The authors acknowledge the excellent technical support of Nike Laser Crew. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Defense Programs. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 21 PY 2009 VL 103 IS 8 AR 085002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.085002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 487PY UT WOS:000269288500038 PM 19792732 ER PT J AU Wegner, D Yamachika, R Zhang, XW Wang, YY Baruah, T Pederson, MR Bartlett, BM Long, JR Crommie, MF AF Wegner, Daniel Yamachika, Ryan Zhang, Xiaowei Wang, Yayu Baruah, Tunna Pederson, Mark R. Bartlett, Bart M. Long, Jeffrey R. Crommie, Michael F. TI Tuning Molecule-Mediated Spin Coupling in Bottom-Up-Fabricated Vanadium-Tetracyanoethylene Nanostructures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID KONDO RESONANCE; SINGLE; APPROXIMATION; SIMULATIONS; MAGNETS; ATOM AB We have fabricated hybrid magnetic complexes from V atoms and tetracyanoethylene ligands via atomic manipulation with a cryogenic scanning tunneling microscope. Using tunneling spectroscopy we observe spin-polarized molecular orbitals as well as Kondo behavior. For complexes having two V atoms, the Kondo behavior can be quenched for different molecular arrangements, even as the spin-polarized orbitals remain unchanged. This is explained by variable spin-spin (i.e., V-V) ferromagnetic coupling through a single tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) molecule, as supported by density functional calculations. C1 [Wegner, Daniel; Yamachika, Ryan; Zhang, Xiaowei; Wang, Yayu; Crommie, Michael F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wegner, Daniel; Yamachika, Ryan; Zhang, Xiaowei; Wang, Yayu; Crommie, Michael F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Baruah, Tunna] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Phys, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Pederson, Mark R.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bartlett, Bart M.; Long, Jeffrey R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wegner, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Wegner, Daniel/G-3545-2011; Bartlett, Bart/F-1233-2013; Wegner, Daniel/F-9700-2015 OI Bartlett, Bart/0000-0001-8298-5963; FU NSF NIRT [ECS-0609469]; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Miller Institute FX This work was supported by NSF NIRT Grant No. ECS-0609469. D. W. is grateful for funding by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. Y. W. thanks the Miller Institute for financial support. T. B. gratefully acknowledges the computer resources at Naval Research Laboratory and at UTEP. NR 27 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 35 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 21 PY 2009 VL 103 IS 8 AR 087205 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.087205 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 487PY UT WOS:000269288500063 PM 19792757 ER PT J AU Godon, P Sion, EM Barrett, PE Szkody, P AF Godon, Patrick Sion, Edward M. Barrett, Paul E. Szkody, Paula TI A FAR ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROSCOPIC EXPLORER SURVEY OF HIGH-DECLINATION DWARF NOVAE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE stars: dwarf novae; white dwarfs ID CATACLYSMIC VARIABLE EVOLUTION; TELESCOPE STIS SPECTROSCOPY; X-RAY BINARIES; ACCRETING WHITE-DWARFS; ANGULAR-MOMENTUM LOSS; MAGNETIC BRAKING; CIRCUMBINARY DISKS; URSAE MAJORIS; MASS-TRANSFER; PERIOD GAP AB We present a spectral analysis of the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer ( FUSE) spectra of eight high-declination dwarf novae ( DNs) obtained from a Cycle 7 FUSE survey. These DN systems have not been previously studied in the UV and little is known about their white dwarfs ( WDs) or accretion disks. We carry out the spectral analysis of the FUSE data using synthetic spectra generated with the codes TLUSTY and SYNSPEC. For two faint objects ( AQ Men and V433 Ara) we can only assess a lower limit for the WD temperature or mass accretion rate. NSV 10934 was caught in a quiescent state and its spectrum is consistent with a low-mass accretion rate disk. For five objects ( HP Nor, DT Aps, AM Cas, FO Per, and ES Dra), we obtain WD temperatures between 34,000 K and 40,000 K and/or mass accretion rates consistent with intermediate to outburst states. These temperatures reflect the heating of the WD due to on-going accretion and are similar to the temperatures of other DNs observed on the rise to, and in decline from outburst. The WD temperatures we obtain should therefore be considered as upper limits, and it is likely that during quiescence AM Cas, FO Per, and ES Dra are near the average WD T(eff) for catalcysmic variables above the period gap (similar to 30,000 K), similar to U Gem, SS Aur, and RX And. C1 [Godon, Patrick; Sion, Edward M.] Villanova Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. [Barrett, Paul E.] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. [Szkody, Paula] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Godon, P (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM patrick.godon@villanova.edu; edward.sion@villanova.edu; barrett.paul@usno.navy.mil; szkody@astro.washington.edu FU NASA under FUSE Cycle 7 (Guest Investigator Program) [NNX06AD28G]; NSF [AST0807892] FX Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer. FUSE is operated for National Aeronautic and Space Administration ( NASA) by the Johns Hopkins University under NASA contract NAS5-32985. This work was supported by the NASA under FUSE Cycle 7 ( Guest Investigator Program) grant NNX06AD28G and supported in part by NSF grant AST0807892, both to Villanova University. This publication also makes use of the data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the NASA and the National Science Foundation. NR 111 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 20 PY 2009 VL 701 IS 2 BP 1091 EP 1115 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/701/2/1091 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 480UE UT WOS:000268761500018 ER PT J AU Abel, NP Dudley, C Fischer, J Satyapal, S van Hoof, PAM AF Abel, N. P. Dudley, C. Fischer, Jacqueline Satyapal, S. van Hoof, P. A. M. TI DUST-BOUNDED ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES: MODEL PREDICTIONS FOR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEYS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: starburst; infrared: galaxies; infrared: ISM; X-rays: galaxies; X-rays: ISM ID GRAIN-SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; MICRON LINE DEFICIT; PHOTODISSOCIATION REGIONS; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; PHYSICAL CONDITIONS; SPACE-TELESCOPE; ABSORPTION-LINE; BRIGHT GALAXIES AB The observed faintness of infrared fine-structure line emission along with the warm far-infrared ( FIR) colors of ultraluminous infrared galaxies ( ULIRGs) is a long-standing problem. In this work, we calculate the line and continuum properties of a cloud exposed to an active galactic nucleus ( AGN) and starburst spectral energy distribution. We use an integrated modeling approach, predicting the spectrum of ionized, atomic, and molecular environments in pressure equilibrium. We find that the effects of high ratios of impinging ionizing radiation density to particle density (i.e., high-ionization parameters, or U) can reproduce many ULIRG observational characteristics. Physically, as U increases, the fraction of UV photons absorbed by dust increases, corresponding to fewer photons available to photoionize and heat the gas, producing what is known as a "dust-bounded" nebula. We show that high-U effects can explain the "[C II] deficit," the similar to 1 dex drop in the [ C II] 158 mu m/FIR ratio seen in ULIRGs when compared with starburst or normal galaxies. Additionally, by increasing U through increasing the ionizing photon flux, warmer dust and thus higher IRAS F( 60 mu m)/F( 100 mu m) ratios result. High-U effects also predict an increase in [ O I] 63 mu m/[ C II] 158 mu m and a gradual decline in [ O III] 88 mu m/FIR, similar to the magnitude of the trends observed, and yield a reasonable fit to [ Ne V] 14 mu m/FIR ratio AGN observations. C1 [Abel, N. P.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Appl Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45206 USA. [Dudley, C.; Satyapal, S.] George Mason Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Fischer, Jacqueline] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [van Hoof, P. A. M.] Observ Royal Belgique, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium. RP Abel, NP (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Coll Appl Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45206 USA. EM npabel2@gmail.com; dudley@vivaldi.nrl.navy.mil; Jackie.Fischer@nrl.navy.mil; satyapal@physics.gmu.edu; p.vanhoof@oma.be FU National Science Foundation [0094050, 0607497]; University of Cincinnati; Spitzer Science Center [1356415]; NASA Herschel Science Center [NAG5-11432]; Office of Naval Research FX We thank the anonymous referee for their suggestions, which improved this manuscript. N.P.A. thanks Gary Ferland for useful discussions related to this work. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grant 0094050, 0607497 to The University of Cincinnati, and the Spitzer Science Center under award 1356415 to the University of Cincinnati. N.P.A. also acknowledges the University of Cincinnati, the University of Kentucky, and Miami University for a generous allotment of time on their respective supercomputing clusters. J.F. gratefully acknowledges support for Herschel Space Observatory Key Program Science from the NASA Herschel Science Center. Basic research in infrared astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is funded by the Office of Naval Research. S. S. gratefully acknowledges support from NASA grant NAG5-11432. NR 64 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 20 PY 2009 VL 701 IS 2 BP 1147 EP 1160 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/701/2/1147 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 480UE UT WOS:000268761500021 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Atwood, WB Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Baughman, BM Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Blandford, R Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Burnett, TH Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Celik, O Charles, E Chaty, S Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Cominsky, LR Conrad, J Corbel, S Corbet, R Cutini, S Dermer, CD de Angelis, A de Luca, A de Palma, F Digel, SW Dormody, M Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dubus, G Dumora, D Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Focke, WB Frailis, M Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giordano, F Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Hill, AB Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, RP Johnson, TJ Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kawai, N Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kocian, ML Kuehn, F Kuss, M Lande, J Larsson, S Latronico, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Makeev, A Marelli, M Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nolan, PL Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Ray, PS Razzano, M Rea, N Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ritz, S Rochester, LS Rodriguez, AY Romani, RW Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sanchez, D Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Scargle, JD Sgro, C Shaw, MS Sierpowska-Bartosik, A Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Striani, E Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vasileiou, V Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wang, P Winer, BL Wood, KS Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Atwood, W. B. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. M. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. H. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe. Charles, E. Chaty, S. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. R. Conrad, J. Corbel, S. Corbet, R. Cutini, S. Dermer, C. D. de Angelis, A. de Luca, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. Dormody, M. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dubus, G. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Focke, W. B. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hill, A. B. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, T. J. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kocian, M. L. Kuehn, F. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Makeev, A. Marelli, M. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nolan, P. L. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Ray, P. S. Razzano, M. Rea, N. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Rochester, L. S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Romani, R. W. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Scargle, J. D. Sgro, C. Shaw, M. S. Sierpowska-Bartosik, A. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Striani, E. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vasileiou, V. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI FERMI LAT OBSERVATIONS OF LS I+61 degrees 303: FIRST DETECTION OF AN ORBITAL MODULATION IN GeV GAMMA RAYS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE binaries: close; gamma rays: observations; stars: variables: other; X-rays: binaries; X-rays: individual (LS I+61 degrees 303) ID SOURCE 2CG 135+01; I+61 303; MICROQUASAR LS-I+61-303; BINARIES LS-5039; AREA TELESCOPE; PULSAR WIND; SPACED DATA; EGRET DATA; H-ALPHA; COS-B AB This Letter presents the first results from the observations of LS I + 61 degrees 303 using Large Area Telescope data from the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope between 2008 August and 2009 March. Our results indicate variability that is consistent with the binary period, with the emission being modulated at 26.6 +/- 0.5 days. This constitutes the first detection of orbital periodicity in high-energy gamma rays (20 MeV-100 GeV, HE). The light curve is characterized by a broad peak after periastron, as well as a smaller peak just before apastron. The spectrum is best represented by a power law with an exponential cutoff, yielding an overall flux above 100 MeV of 0.82 +/- 0.03(stat) +/- 0.07(syst) 10(-6) ph cm(-2) s(-1), with a cutoff at 6.3 +/- 1.1(stat) +/- 0.4(syst) GeV and photon index Gamma = 2.21 +/- 0.04(stat) +/- 0.06(syst). There is no significant spectral change with orbital phase. The phase of maximum emission, close to periastron, hints at inverse Compton scattering as the main radiation mechanism. However, previous very high-energy gamma ray (>100 GeV, VHE) observations by MAGIC and VERITAS show peak emission close to apastron. This and the energy cutoff seen with Fermi suggest that the link between HE and VHE gamma rays is nontrivial. C1 [Abdo, A. A.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Ray, P. S.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Shaw, M. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Shaw, M. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Dormody, M.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Dormody, M.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Axelsson, M.; Conrad, J.; Larsson, S.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmo Particle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Chaty, S.; Corbel, S.; Grenier, I. A.] Univ Paris Diderot, Serv Astrophys, CEA Saclay, CNRS,Lab AIM,CEA IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Sez Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Sez Padova, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Baughman, B. M.; Hughes, R. E.; Kuehn, F.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Sez Perugia, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Sez Bari, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Giebels, B.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.; Marelli, M.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Rome, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, Montpellier, France. [Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Conrad, J.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Larsson, S.; Meurer, C.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Corbet, R.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Grp Coll Udine, Sez Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Luca, A.] IUSS, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Dubus, G.; Hill, A. B.] Univ Grenoble 1, Observ Sci Univers, F-38041 Grenoble 9, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] CNRS, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.; Johnson, T. J.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698050, Japan. [Kawai, N.] RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Cosm Radiat Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Kawai, N.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] CNRS UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Morselli, A.; Striani, E.; Vitale, V.] Sez Roma Tor Vergata, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Okumura, A.] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Rea, N.] Sterrenkundig Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Rea, N.; Rodriguez, A. Y.; Sierpowska-Bartosik, A.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEC CSIC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Striani, E.; Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Takahashi, T.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. EM richard@slac.stanford.edu; adam.hill@obs.ujf-grenoble.fr; dtorres@ieec.uab.es RI Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Rea, Nanda/I-2853-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014 OI De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Hill, Adam/0000-0003-3470-4834; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Rea, Nanda/0000-0003-2177-6388; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Department of Energy in the United States; Commissariatal'EnergieAtomique; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT),; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; K.A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; Swedish National Space Board in Sweden; Spanish CSIC and MICINN; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy FX The Fermi-LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariatal'EnergieAtomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K.A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden.; Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase from the following agencies is also gratefully acknowledged: the Spanish CSIC and MICINN and the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy.; We thank the anonymous referee for useful and constructive comments. NR 48 TC 87 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD AUG 20 PY 2009 VL 701 IS 2 BP L123 EP L128 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/701/2/L123 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 482ET UT WOS:000268867900014 ER PT J AU Noble, M Jones, B Hamilton, P Xu, JP Robertson, G Rosenfeld, L Largier, J AF Noble, Marlene Jones, Burt Hamilton, Peter Xu, Jingping Robertson, George Rosenfeld, Leslie Largier, John TI Cross-shelf transport into nearshore waters due to shoaling internal tides in San Pedro Bay, CA SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Internal tides; Nonlinear internal waves; Stratification; Cross-shelf transport; Continental shelf processes; USA; San Pedro Shelf ID FECAL INDICATOR BACTERIA; HUNTINGTON-BEACH; SURF ZONE; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; MASSACHUSETTS BAY; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; TIDAL CURRENTS; OCEAN OUTFALL; RUN-UP AB In the summer of 2001, a coastal ocean measurement program in the southeastern portion of San Pedro Bay, CA, was designed and carried out. One aim of the program was to determine the strength and effectiveness of local cross-shelf transport processes. A particular objective was to assess the ability of semidiurnal internal tidal currents to move suspended material a net distance a cross the shelf. Hence, a dense array of moorings was deployed across the shelf to monitor the transport patterns associated with fluctuations in currents, temperature and salinity. An associated hydrographic program periodically monitored synoptic changes in the spatial patterns of temperature, salinity, nutrients and bacteria. This set of measurements show that a series of energetic internal tide scan, but do not always, transport subthermocline water, dissolved and suspended material from the middle of the shelf into the surfzone. Effective cross-shelf transport occurs only when (1) internal tides at the shelf break are strong and (2) subtidal currents flow strongly down coast. The subtidal down coast flow causes isotherms to tilt upward toward the coast, which allows energetic, nonlinear internal tidal currents to carry subthermocline waters into the surfzone. During these events, which may last for several days, the transported water remains in the surfzone until the internal tidal current pulses and/or the down coast subtidal currents disappear. This nonlinear internal tide cross-shelf transport process was capable of carrying water and the associated suspended or dissolved material from the mid-shelf into the surfzone, but there were no observation of transport from the shelf break into the surfzone. Dissolved nutrients and suspended particulates (such as phytoplankton) transported from the mid-shelf into the near shore region by nonlinear internal tides may contribute to near shore algal blooms, including harmful algal blooms that occur off local beaches. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Noble, Marlene; Xu, Jingping] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Jones, Burt] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Hamilton, Peter] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Raleigh, NC USA. [Robertson, George] Orange Cty Sanitat Dist, Huntington Beach, CA USA. [Rosenfeld, Leslie] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Largier, John] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Noble, M (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM mnoble@usgs.gov FU US Geological Survey; National Ocean Service; Naval Postgraduate School, University of Southern California; Scripps Institution of Oceanography; US Geological Survey and Science Applications International Corporation FX Many agencies and institutions participated in portions of the above studies. The authors would like to thank the Orange County Sanitation District, which funded much of the field work and analysis in this study, the US Geological Survey, which also contributed resources to this study, and the National Ocean Service for some of the sea-level data. Many individuals at the Naval Postgraduate School, University of Southern California, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, US Geological Survey and Science Applications International Corporation, also contributed to the multifaceted and successful field program. NR 42 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0278-4343 J9 CONT SHELF RES JI Cont. Shelf Res. PD AUG 20 PY 2009 VL 29 IS 15 BP 1768 EP 1785 DI 10.1016/j.csr.2009.04.008 PG 18 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 536RP UT WOS:000273061800002 ER PT J AU Kolel-Veetil, MK Qadri, SB Osofsky, M Goswami, R Keller, TM AF Kolel-Veetil, Manoj K. Qadri, Syed B. Osofsky, Michael Goswami, Ramasis Keller, Teddy M. TI Carbon Nanocapsule-Mediated Formation of Ferromagnetic Fe5Si3 Nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE; FE-SI; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; IRON NANOPARTICLES; SILICON; ALLOYS; COPPER; NANOWIRES; MOSSBAUER AB Magnetic and structural characteristics were investigated for the nanoparticles of Fe5Si3 grown by a carbon-mediated, kinetically controlled pyrolysis of a thermosetted ferrocenylsiloxane polymeric network. Kinetics of the pyrolysis determined the volume fraction of the crystallographic phase of Fe5Si3 or bcc-Fe that was formed. Nanoparticles of Fe5Si3 were formed during pyrolysis of the network to 1000 degrees C at 10 degrees C/min. and silicon-doped bcc-Fe nanoparticles resulted when the network was ramped to 1000 degrees C at a slower rate of I degrees C/min. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction studies revealed that Fe5Si3 nanoparticles were contained in carbon nanocapsules, and the bcc-Fe nanoparticles were associated with linear carbon fibers, all Outcome of the distinct interfacial energies, of the Fe-Si growth phase and carbon surface at the two pyrolysis rates. Fe5Si3 nanoparticles were found to be ferromagnetic with a Curie temperature of similar to 375 K by magnetic measurements. C1 [Kolel-Veetil, Manoj K.; Keller, Teddy M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Qadri, Syed B.; Osofsky, Michael; Goswami, Ramasis] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Goswami, Ramasis] USN, Res Lab, SAIC, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kolel-Veetil, MK (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Manoj.kolel-veetil@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors thank the Office of Naval Research for financial Support of this work. NR 54 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD AUG 20 PY 2009 VL 113 IS 33 BP 14663 EP 14671 DI 10.1021/jp904188f PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 482RX UT WOS:000268907500015 ER PT J AU Pawlus, S Paluch, M Ziolo, J Roland, CM AF Pawlus, S. Paluch, M. Ziolo, J. Roland, C. M. TI On the pressure dependence of the fragility of glycerol SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID GLASS-FORMING LIQUIDS; ALPHA-RELAXATION; TRANSITION; DYNAMICS AB This work was motivated by ostensibly contradictory results from different groups regarding the effect of pressure on the fragility of glycerol. We present new experimental data for an intermediate pressure regime showing that the fragility increases with pressure up to about 1.8 GPa, becoming invariant at higher pressures. There is no discrepancy among the various literature data taken in toto. The behavior of glycerol is quite distinct from that of normal liquids, a result of its substantial hydrogen bonding. C1 [Pawlus, S.; Paluch, M.; Ziolo, J.] Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. [Roland, C. M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Pawlus, S (reprint author), Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, Uniwersytecka 4, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. NR 14 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD AUG 19 PY 2009 VL 21 IS 33 AR 332101 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/21/33/332101 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 476CA UT WOS:000268413300001 PM 21828591 ER PT J AU Okawara, C Amin, A AF Okawara, Chiaki Amin, Ahmed TI dc field effect on stability of piezoelectric PZN-0.06PT single crystals under compressive stress SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE compressive strength; elasticity; ferroelectric transitions; free energy; internal stresses; lead compounds; piezoelectric materials; relaxor ferroelectrics; thermal stability ID POLARIZATION ROTATION; MONOCLINIC PHASE; PZN-PT; TRANSITIONS; BEHAVIOR; SYSTEM AB A reversible elastic instability was observed in PZN-0.06PT high coupling single crystals when subjected to uniaxial compressions similar to those used in sound projectors. The strain magnitude at the onset of the instability supported a free energy prediction of a ferroelectric rhombohedral (F(R))-ferroelectric orthorhombic (F(O)) phase transition. The thermal response of the normalized phase transition strain is in a good agreement with model calculation. A dc bias field drastically enhanced the crystal stability under compression. dc bias and compressive stress levels that are required for their stable operation in sound projectors have been deduced and will be presented. C1 [Amin, Ahmed] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Okawara, Chiaki] Japan Minist Def, Tech Res & Dev Inst, Kanagawa 2390826, Japan. RP Amin, A (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM ahmed.amin@navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); Engineers and Scientists Exchange Program (ESEP); Japan Ministry of Defense and Department of Defense (DoD) FX We gratefully acknowledge the Office of Naval Research (ONR) for financial support of this work. C.O. wishes to thank Engineers and Scientists Exchange Program (ESEP) between Japan Ministry of Defense and Department of Defense (DoD) for every support. We also thank Professor L. C. Lim of Microfine Materials Technologies Pte, Ltd., Singapore for supplying the crystals used in this work. NR 23 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 17 PY 2009 VL 95 IS 7 AR 072902 DI 10.1063/1.3193547 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 487PW UT WOS:000269288300049 ER PT J AU Kim, JS Taitt, CR Ligler, FS Anderson, GP AF Kim, Jason S. Taitt, Chris R. Ligler, Frances S. Anderson, George P. TI Multiplexed magnetic fluid array immunoassays for detection of foodborne pathogens SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kim, Jason S.; Taitt, Chris R.; Ligler, Frances S.; Anderson, George P.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jason.kim@nrl.navy.mil; crtaitt@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil; fligler@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil RI Anderson, George/D-2461-2011 OI Anderson, George/0000-0001-7545-9893 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 174-AGFD BP 182 EP 182 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861900174 ER PT J AU Robertson, K Chang, EL AF Robertson, Kelly Chang, Eddie L. TI LNA flow-FISH: A flow cytometry-fluorescence in situ hybridization method to detect mRNA using locked nucleic acid probes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Robertson, Kelly; Chang, Eddie L.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kelly.robertson@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 35-BIOL BP 730 EP 730 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861900642 ER PT J AU Abrahamsson, M Heuer, WB Meyer, GJ AF Abrahamsson, Maria Heuer, William B. Meyer, Gerald J. TI New Ru-dyes that increase solar photon harvesting, inject electrons into TiO2 and facilitate charge separation by subsequent hole transfer SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Abrahamsson, Maria; Meyer, Gerald J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Heuer, William B.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM mabraha7@jhu.edu; meyer@jhu.edu RI Abrahamsson, Maria/A-2487-2011 OI Abrahamsson, Maria/0000-0002-6931-1128 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 612-PHYS PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861909515 ER PT J AU Baldwin, JW Zalalutdinov, M Robinson, J Wei, ZQ Sheehan, PE Snow, ES Houston, BH AF Baldwin, Jeffrey W. Zalalutdinov, Maxim Robinson, Jeremy Wei, Zongqing Sheehan, Paul E. Snow, Eric S. Houston, Brian H. TI Pristine and chemically modified graphene nanomechanical resonators SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Baldwin, Jeffrey W.; Houston, Brian H.] USN, Res Lab, Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zalalutdinov, Maxim] Global Strategy Grp, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. [Robinson, Jeremy; Snow, Eric S.] USN, Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wei, Zongqing; Sheehan, Paul E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM baldwin@code7136.nrl.navy.mil RI Sheehan, Paul/B-4793-2010 OI Sheehan, Paul/0000-0003-2668-4124 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 224-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HZ UT WOS:000207862000684 ER PT J AU Biffinger, JC Fitzgerald, LA Vora, GJ Ray, R Wu, P Baldwin, JW Little, BJ Bouhenni, R Shirodkar, S Brockman, K Saffarini, D Ringeisen, BR AF Biffinger, Justin C. Fitzgerald, Lisa A. Vora, Gary J. Ray, Ricky Wu, Peter Baldwin, Jeffrey W. Little, Brenda J. Bouhenni, Rachida Shirodkar, Sheetal Brockman, Ken Saffarini, Daad Ringeisen, Bradley R. TI Comparing current generation from Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 and candidate nanowire deletion mutants in a microbial fuel cell SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Biffinger, Justin C.; Fitzgerald, Lisa A.; Wu, Peter; Ringeisen, Bradley R.] USN, Div Chem, Code 6113, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Vora, Gary J.] USN, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ray, Ricky; Little, Brenda J.] USN, Div Oceanog, Res Lab, John C Stennis Space Ctr, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Baldwin, Jeffrey W.] USN, Acoust Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bouhenni, Rachida; Shirodkar, Sheetal; Brockman, Ken; Saffarini, Daad] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. EM justin.biffinger@nrl.navy.mil; lisa.fitzgerald.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; ricky.ray@nrlssc.navy.mil; wu@sou.edu; baldwin@code7136.nrl.navy.mil; bradley.ringeisen@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 236-FUEL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861905039 ER PT J AU Blum, AS Soto, CM Ratna, BR AF Blum, Amy Szuchmacher Soto, Carissa M. Ratna, B. R. TI COLL 10-Regeantless electronic nanosensors assembled on a viral scaffold SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Blum, Amy Szuchmacher] McGill Univ, Dept Chem, Montreal, PQ H3A 2K6, Canada. [Soto, Carissa M.; Ratna, B. R.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM amy.blum@mcill.ca; ratna@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 10-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861903411 ER PT J AU Boeneman, K Delehanty, JB Deschamps, JR Medintz, IL Mattoussi, H AF Boeneman, Kelly Delehanty, James B., III Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Medintz, Igor L. Mattoussi, Hedi TI BIOT 223-Peptide linkers for the assembly of semiconductor quantum dot bioconjugates SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Boeneman, Kelly; Delehanty, James B., III; Medintz, Igor L.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mattoussi, Hedi] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kelly.boeneman.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; james.delehanty@nrl.navy.mil; igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil; hedi.mattoussi@nrl.navy.mil RI Gemmill, Kelly/G-2167-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 223-BIOT PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861901592 ER PT J AU Carney, JR AF Carney, Joel R. TI YCC 6-Understanding processes that govern explosive energy release SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Carney, Joel R.] USN, Res & Technol Dept, Surface Warfare Ctr Indian Head, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. EM joel.carney@navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 6-YCC PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861906816 ER PT J AU Cash, J Guenthner, AJ AF Cash, Jessica Guenthner, Andrew J. TI CHED 324-Formulation and cure kinetics of cyanate ester resins used in soft-tool vacuum casting SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cash, Jessica; Guenthner, Andrew J.] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM jessica.cash@navy.mil; andrew.guenthner@navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 324-CHED PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861902502 ER PT J AU Cheek, GT AF Cheek, Graham T. TI ANYL 128-Investigations of the Fries rearrangement in ionic liquids SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cheek, Graham T.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM cheek@usna.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 128-ANYL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861901344 ER PT J AU Chervin, CN Lubers, AM Long, JW Rolison, DR AF Chervin, Christopher N. Lubers, Alia M. Long, Jeffrey W. Rolison, Debra R. TI CATL 43-A multifunctional catalytic platform for energy storage and conversion SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Chervin, Christopher N.; Lubers, Alia M.; Long, Jeffrey W.; Rolison, Debra R.] USN, Surface Chem Branch, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM alia.lubers@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 43-CATL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861901853 ER PT J AU Clark, TD Kolel-Veetil, MK Kulp, JL AF Clark, Thomas D. Kolel-Veetil, Manoj K. Kulp, John L., III TI beta Helices and other peptide nanostructures SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Clark, Thomas D.; Kolel-Veetil, Manoj K.; Kulp, John L., III] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM thomas.clark@nrl.navy.mil; manoj.kolel-veetil@nrl.navy.mil; john.kulp@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 238-ORGN PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861908595 ER PT J AU Delehanty, JB Bradburne, CE Medintz, IL Farrell, D Pons, T Deschamps, JR Brunel, FM Dawson, PE Mattoussi, H AF Delehanty, James B., III Bradburne, Christopher E. Medintz, Igor L. Farrell, Dorothy Pons, Thomas Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Brunel, Florence M. Dawson, Philip E. Mattoussi, Hedi TI BIOT 220-Intracellular delivery of and sensing with quantum dot nanoassemblies SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Delehanty, James B., III; Bradburne, Christopher E.; Medintz, Igor L.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Farrell, Dorothy; Pons, Thomas; Mattoussi, Hedi] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Dawson, Philip E.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol & Chem, Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. EM james.delehanty@nrl.navy.mil; igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil; farrell@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; thomas.pons@nrl.navy.mil; brunel@scripps.edu; hedimat@ccs.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 220-BIOT PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861901550 ER PT J AU Dominguez, DD Laskoski, M Long, JW Keller, TM AF Dominguez, Dawn D. Laskoski, Matthew Long, Jeffrey W. Keller, Teddy M. TI POLY 480-Nanocomposites from an oligomeric phthalonitrile resin and multiwalled carbon nanotubes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dominguez, Dawn D.; Keller, Teddy M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Adv Mat Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Laskoski, Matthew] USN, Res Lab, Code 6120, Mat Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Long, Jeffrey W.] USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM dawn.dominguez@nrl.navy.mil; matthew.laskoski@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 480-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861906291 ER PT J AU Dorner, RW Hardy, DR Williams, FW Willauer, HD AF Dorner, Robert W. Hardy, Dennis R. Williams, Frederick W. Willauer, Heather D. TI Catalytic CO2 hydrogenation to feedstock chemicals for jet fuel synthesis SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dorner, Robert W.; Hardy, Dennis R.; Williams, Frederick W.; Willauer, Heather D.] USN, Dept Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM robert.dorner.ctr.uk@nrl.navy.mil; heather.willauer@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 18-FUEL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861905002 ER PT J AU Dunlap, BI AF Dunlap, Brett I. TI Variable-occupation-number perturbation theory SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dunlap, Brett I.] USN, Res Lab, Theoret Chem Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM dunlap@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 346-COMP PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861904031 ER PT J AU Dysart, JL Lytle, JC Wallace, JM Long, JW Pettigrew, KA Rolison, DR AF Dysart, Jennifer L. Lytle, Justin C. Wallace, Jean Marie Long, Jeffrey W. Pettigrew, Katherine A. Rolison, Debra R. TI Electron microscopic characterization of carbon nanoarchitectures decorated with precious nanoscopic objets d'art SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dysart, Jennifer L.; Lytle, Justin C.; Long, Jeffrey W.; Rolison, Debra R.] USN, Surface Chem Branch, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wallace, Jean Marie; Pettigrew, Katherine A.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. EM rolison@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 212-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HZ UT WOS:000207862000760 ER PT J AU Epshteyn, A Purdy, AP Miller, JB Pettigrew, KA Sisodia, A Stroud, RM AF Epshteyn, Albert Purdy, Andrew P. Miller, Joel B. Pettigrew, Katherine A. Sisodia, Apurva Stroud, Rhonda M. TI Sonochemically mediated slurry reductions of HfCl4 toward Hf nanopowder materials SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Epshteyn, Albert; Purdy, Andrew P.; Miller, Joel B.; Sisodia, Apurva] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Pettigrew, Katherine A.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. [Stroud, Rhonda M.] USN, Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM albert.epshteyn.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; andrew.purdy@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 721-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HZ UT WOS:000207862000043 ER PT J AU Epshteyn, A Garsany, Y Purdy, AP Pettigrew, KA Swider-Lyons, K AF Epshteyn, Albert Garsany, Yannick Purdy, Andrew P. Pettigrew, Katherine A. Swider-Lyons, Karen TI Improved oxygen reduction activity for platinum on tantalum or niobium oxyphosphate and vulcan carbon SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Epshteyn, Albert; Garsany, Yannick; Purdy, Andrew P.; Pettigrew, Katherine A.; Swider-Lyons, Karen] USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM albert.epshteyn@nrl.navy.mil; yannick.garsany.ctr.fr@nrl.navy.mil; andrew.purdy@nrl.navy.mil; karen.lyons@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 121-FUEL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861905017 ER PT J AU Erickson, JS Johnson, BJ Malanoski, AP AF Erickson, Jeffrey S. Johnson, Brandy J. Malanoski, Anthony P. TI COLL 420-Synthetic porous films for personal protective equipment SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Johnson, Brandy J.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jeffrey.erickson@nrl.navy.mil; brandy.white@nrl.navy.mil; anthony.malanoski@nrl.navy.mil RI Malanoski, Anthony/C-7814-2011; Johnson, Brandy/B-3462-2008 OI Malanoski, Anthony/0000-0001-6192-888X; Johnson, Brandy/0000-0002-3637-0631 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 420-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861903028 ER PT J AU Ferrante, RF Moore, MH Hudson, RL Spiliotis, MM AF Ferrante, Robert F. Moore, Marla H. Hudson, Reggie L. Spiliotis, Morgan M. TI GEOC 9-Solid-state formation and destruction of carbonyl sulfide (OCS) in ion-irradiated ices SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ferrante, Robert F.; Spiliotis, Morgan M.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Moore, Marla H.; Hudson, Reggie L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrochem Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM ferrante@usna.edu; Marla.H.Moore@nasa.gov; Reggie.Hudson@NASA.gov RI Hudson, Reggie/E-2335-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 9-GEOC PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861902796 ER PT J AU Filipova, TS Boyles, DA Schroeder, MJ Fontanella, JJ Wintersgill, MC Edmondson, CA Bend, JT AF Filipova, Tsvetanka S. Boyles, David A. Schroeder, Maria J. Fontanella, John J. Wintersgill, Mary C. Edmondson, Charles A. Bend, John T. TI POLY 117-Novel fluorinated polycarbonates for dielectric studies SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Filipova, Tsvetanka S.; Boyles, David A.] S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Chem, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. [Schroeder, Maria J.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Fontanella, John J.; Wintersgill, Mary C.; Edmondson, Charles A.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Bend, John T.] BSC Inc, Rapid City, SD 57702 USA. EM Tsvetanka.Filipova@sdsmt.edu; David.Boyles@sdsmt.edu; schroede@usna.edu; mwinter@usna.edu; edmond@usna.edu; jbendler@usna.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 117-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861906285 ER PT J AU Fitzgerald, LA Biffinger, JC Sanders, WC Sheehan, PE Ray, R Little, BJ Ringeisen, BR Baldwin, JW Ribbens, M Finkel, SE Johnson, GR Nadeau, LJ Nealson, KH AF Fitzgerald, Lisa A. Biffinger, Justin C. Sanders, Wesley C. Sheehan, Paul E. Ray, Ricky Little, Brenda J. Ringeisen, Bradley R. Baldwin, Jeffrey W. Ribbens, Meghann Finkel, Steven E. Johnson, Glenn R. Nadeau, Lloyd J. Nealson, Kenneth H. TI Monitoring physiological interactions between Shewanella japonica and electrodes using a modular microbial fuel cell array SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Fitzgerald, Lisa A.; Biffinger, Justin C.; Ringeisen, Bradley R.] USN, Div Chem, Code 6113, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sanders, Wesley C.; Sheehan, Paul E.] USN, Div Chem, Code 6177, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Ray, Ricky; Little, Brenda J.] USN, Div Oceanog, Res Lab, John C Stennis Space Ctr, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ribbens, Meghann; Finkel, Steven E.] Univ So Calif, Dept Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Johnson, Glenn R.; Nadeau, Lloyd J.] USAF, Res Labs, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. [Nealson, Kenneth H.] Univ So Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Baldwin, Jeffrey W.] USN, Acoust Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM lisa.fitzgerald.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; justin.biffinger@nrl.navy.mil; wesley.sanders.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; ricky.ray@nrlssc.navy.mil; bradley.ringeisen@nrl.navy.mil; baldwin@code7136.nrl.navy.mil; ribbens@usc.edu; sfinkel@usc.edu; Glenn.Johnson@tyndall.af.mil; lloyd.nadeau@tyndall.af.mil RI Sheehan, Paul/B-4793-2010 OI Sheehan, Paul/0000-0003-2668-4124 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 77-FUEL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861905040 ER PT J AU Fletcher, MC Alexson, DM Hosten, CM Glembocki, O AF Fletcher, Melissa C. Alexson, Dimitri M. Hosten, Charles M. Glembocki, Orest TI ANYL 385-Investigation of self-assembly of two quinolinium tricyanoquinodimethanides using SERS spectroscopy SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Fletcher, Melissa C.; Hosten, Charles M.] Howard Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20059 USA. [Glembocki, Orest] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 385-ANYL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861901332 ER PT J AU Foos, EE Tischler, JG Zega, TJ Stroud, RM AF Foos, Edward E. Tischler, Joseph G. Zega, Thomas J. Stroud, Rhonda M. TI Synthesis based morphology control of PbSe nanomaterials SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Foos, Edward E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Tischler, Joseph G.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zega, Thomas J.; Stroud, Rhonda M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 373-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HZ UT WOS:000207862000383 ER PT J AU Gadhamshetty, VR Ramasamy, RP Sizemore, S Ringeisen, BR Biffinger, JC Johnson, GR AF Gadhamshetty, Venkata Ramana Ramasamy, Ramaraja P. Sizemore, Susan Ringeisen, Bradley R. Biffinger, Justin C. Johnson, Glenn R. TI BIOT 404-Shewanella assisted electricity production in gravity fed microbial fuel cell SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gadhamshetty, Venkata Ramana; Ramasamy, Ramaraja P.; Sizemore, Susan; Johnson, Glenn R.] USAF, Res Lab, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. [Ringeisen, Bradley R.; Biffinger, Justin C.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM vgadhamshetty@fairpoint.net; rramasamy@fairpoint.net; susan.sizemore@tyndall.af.mil; bradley.ringeisen@nrl.navy.mil; justin.biffinger@nrl.navy.mil; glenn.johnson@tyndall.af.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 404-BIOT PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861901602 ER PT J AU Garsany, Y Gould, B Baturina, OA Swider-Lyons, K AF Garsany, Yannick Gould, Benjamin Baturina, Olga A. Swider-Lyons, Karen TI Sulfur poisoning of the cathodes of PBI-based PEMFCS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Garsany, Yannick; Gould, Benjamin; Baturina, Olga A.; Swider-Lyons, Karen] USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM yannick.garsany.ctr.fr@nrl.navy.mil; benjamin.gould.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; olga.baturina@nrl.navy.mil; karen.lyons@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 195-FUEL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861905126 ER PT J AU Gnanamani, MK Willauer, HD Hardy, DR Williams, FW Shafer, W Davis, BH AF Gnanamani, Muthu Kumaran Willauer, Heather D. Hardy, Dennis R. Williams, Frederick W. Shafer, Wilson Davis, Burtron H. TI Inverse isotope effect in CO2 hydrogenation: Doubly promoted (Cu, K) Fe catalysts SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gnanamani, Muthu Kumaran; Shafer, Wilson; Davis, Burtron H.] Univ Kentucky, Ctr Appl Energy Res, Lexington, KY 40511 USA. [Willauer, Heather D.; Hardy, Dennis R.; Williams, Frederick W.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM muthu@caer.uky.edu; heather.willauer@nrl.navy.mil; davis@caer.uky.edu RI Gnanamani, Muthu Kumaran/M-7736-2015 OI Gnanamani, Muthu Kumaran/0000-0003-1274-2645 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 248-FUEL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861905036 ER PT J AU Gould, B Baturina, OA Garsany, Y Swider-Lyons, K AF Gould, Benjamin Baturina, Olga A. Garsany, Yannick Swider-Lyons, Karen TI Recovery methods for sulfur deactivated fuel cell cathodes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gould, Benjamin; Baturina, Olga A.; Garsany, Yannick; Swider-Lyons, Karen] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM benjamin.gould.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; olga.baturina@nrl.navy.mil; yannick.garsany.ctr.fr@nrl.navy.mil; karen.lyons@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 187-FUEL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861905124 ER PT J AU Griffith, OL Gruhn, NE Anthony, JE Lane, PA Jones, AG Lichtenberger, DL AF Griffith, Olga Lobanova Gruhn, Nadine E. Anthony, John E. Lane, Paul A. Jones, Adolphus G. Lichtenberger, Dennis L. TI Unique electronic characteristics of pentacene derivatives with triisopropylsilylethynyl functional groups for organic electronic devices SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Griffith, Olga Lobanova] Univ Arizona, Dept Chem, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Gruhn, Nadine E.] Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Ctr Enabling New Technol Catalysis, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Anthony, John E.; Jones, Adolphus G.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Lane, Paul A.] USN, Div Opt Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lichtenberger, Dennis L.] Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM lobanova@email.arizona.edu; ngruhn@u.washington.edu; anthony@uky.edu; paul.lane@nrl.navy.mil; Genay.Jones@uky.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 212-ORGN PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861908207 ER PT J AU Guenthner, AJ Cash, J Hess, DM AF Guenthner, Andrew J. Cash, Jessica Hess, David M. TI POLY 603-Silicone RTV composites with enhanced thermal conductivity for mold-making applications SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Guenthner, Andrew J.; Cash, Jessica; Hess, David M.] USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM andrew.guenthner@navy.mil; jessica.cash@navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 603-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861906489 ER PT J AU Hahn, BP Long, JW Pettigrew, KA Rolison, DR AF Hahn, Benjamin P. Long, Jeffrey W. Pettigrew, Katherine A. Rolison, Debra R. TI COLL 80-Cation-deficient iron oxides as high-capacity cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hahn, Benjamin P.; Long, Jeffrey W.; Rolison, Debra R.] USN, Surface Chem Branch, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Pettigrew, Katherine A.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. EM rolison@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 80-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861903138 ER PT J AU Harris, DC AF Harris, Daniel C. TI ANYL 42-Charles David Keeling and the story of atmospheric CO2 measurements SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Harris, Daniel C.] USN, Air Syst Command, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM Daniel.Harris@navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 42-ANYL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861901034 ER PT J AU Higgins, BA Simonson, DL Stepnowski, JL Pai, RS Nguyen, V McGill, RA AF Higgins, Bernadette A. Simonson, Duane L. Stepnowski, Jennifer L. Pai, Rekha S. Nguyen, Viet McGill, R. Andrew TI POLY 507-Functionalized sorbent polymer membranes for use with analytical applications SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Higgins, Bernadette A.; Simonson, Duane L.; Pai, Rekha S.; Nguyen, Viet; McGill, R. Andrew] USN, Res Lab, Mat & Sensors Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Stepnowski, Jennifer L.] NOVA Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. EM bernadette.higgins.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; rekha.pai@nrl.navy.mil; amcgill@ccf.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 507-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861906497 ER PT J AU Kim, JS Anderson, GP Erickson, JS Golden, JP Nasir, M Thangawng, A Howell, P Ligler, FS AF Kim, Jason S. Anderson, George P. Erickson, Jeffrey S. Golden, Joel P. Nasir, Mansoor Thangawng, Abel Howell, Peter, Jr. Ligler, Frances S. TI ANYL 6-Multiplexed detection of bacteria and toxins in a microflow cytometer SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kim, Jason S.; Anderson, George P.; Golden, Joel P.; Nasir, Mansoor; Thangawng, Abel; Howell, Peter, Jr.; Ligler, Frances S.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jason.kim@nrl.navy.mil; jeffrey.erickson@nrl.navy.mil; mansoor.nasir@nrl.navy.mil; abel.thangawng@nrl.navy.mil; peter.howell@nrl.navy.mil; fligler@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil RI Erickson, Jeffrey/F-6273-2011; Howell, Peter/H-8710-2012 OI Howell, Peter/0000-0003-3673-3145 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 6-ANYL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861901128 ER PT J AU Kim, JH Deschamps, JR Jacobson, AE Rice, KC AF Kim, Jin-Hee Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Jacobson, Arthur E. Rice, Kenner C. TI New approach to the rac-(3R,6a5,11aS)-2-methyl-1,3,4,5,6,11a-hexahydro-2H-3,6a-methanobenzof uro[2,3-c]azocine-8-ol (c-oxide-bridged phenylmorphan) SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kim, Jin-Hee; Jacobson, Arthur E.; Rice, Kenner C.] NIAAA, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Kim, Jin-Hee; Jacobson, Arthur E.; Rice, Kenner C.] NIDA, Drug Design & Synth Sect, Chem Biol Res Branch, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jheeeee@gmail.com; aej@helix.nih.gov; kr21f@nih.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 730-ORGN PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861908573 ER PT J AU Kolel-Veetil, MK Keller, TM AF Kolel-Veetil, Manoj K. Keller, Teddy M. TI Carbon nanocapsule-mediated formation of Fe5Si3 nanoparticles SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kolel-Veetil, Manoj K.; Keller, Teddy M.] USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Adv Mat Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 37-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HZ UT WOS:000207862000259 ER PT J AU Kolel-Veetil, MK Keller, TM AF Kolel-Veetil, Manoj K. Keller, Teddy M. TI POLY 372-Carborane- or diacetylene-containing POSS networks SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kolel-Veetil, Manoj K.; Keller, Teddy M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Adv Mat Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 372-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861906118 ER PT J AU Kulp, JL Bernstein, N Clark, TD Kolel-Veetil, MK AF Kulp, John L., III Bernstein, Noam Clark, Thomas D. Kolel-Veetil, Manoj K. TI Self-reporting and actuation of cyclic B-tripeptide polymers SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kulp, John L., III; Clark, Thomas D.; Kolel-Veetil, Manoj K.] USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bernstein, Noam] USN, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM john.kulp@nrl.navy.mil; noam.bernstein@nrl.navy.mil; thomas.clark@nrl.navy.mil; manoj.kolel-veetil@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 96-PMSE PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861905737 ER PT J AU Laskoski, M Long, JW Keller, TM AF Laskoski, Matthew Long, Jeffrey W. Keller, Teddy M. TI Highly graphitic carbon nanotube/nanofiber solids SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Laskoski, Matthew] USN, Res Lab, Mat Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Long, Jeffrey W.] USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Keller, Teddy M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Adv Mat Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM matthewlaskoski@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 295-PHYS PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861909254 ER PT J AU Lau, KC Dunlap, BI Wang, X Turner, CH AF Lau, Kah Chun Dunlap, Brett I. Wang, Xian Turner, C. Heath TI Atomistic tools to simulate the operation of yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) based solid oxide fuel cell SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lau, Kah Chun] George Washington Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Dunlap, Brett I.] USN, Theoret Chem Sect, Code 6189, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wang, Xian; Turner, C. Heath] Univ Alabama, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM kclau@gwu.edu; dunlap@nrl.navy.mil; hturner@eng.ua.edu RI Lau, Kah Chun/A-9348-2013 OI Lau, Kah Chun/0000-0002-4925-3397 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 69-FUEL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861905044 ER PT J AU Long, JW Chervin, CN Wallace, JM Dysart, JL Sassin, MB Pettigrew, KA Rolison, DR AF Long, Jeffrey W. Chervin, Christopher N. Wallace, Jean M. Dysart, Jennifer L. Sassin, Megan B. Pettigrew, Katherine A. Rolison, Debra R. TI COLL 78-Multifunctional carbon nanofoam electrode architectures as air-breathing cathodes for metal-air batteries SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Long, Jeffrey W.; Chervin, Christopher N.; Dysart, Jennifer L.; Sassin, Megan B.; Rolison, Debra R.] USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wallace, Jean M.; Pettigrew, Katherine A.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 78-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861903340 ER PT J AU Long, JW Chervin, CN AF Long, Jeffrey W. Chervin, Christopher N. TI COLL 287-Multifunctional carbon nanofoam electrode architectures SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Long, Jeffrey W.; Chervin, Christopher N.] USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 287-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861903314 ER PT J AU Melde, BJ Johnson, BJ Dinderman, MA Deschamps, JR AF Melde, Brian J. Johnson, Brandy J. Dinderman, Michael A. Deschamps, Jeffrey R. TI Multifunctional periodic mesoporous organosilicas for environmental applications SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Melde, Brian J.; Johnson, Brandy J.; Dinderman, Michael A.] USN, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brian.melde@nrl.navy.mil; brandy.white@nrl.navy.mil RI Johnson, Brandy/B-3462-2008 OI Johnson, Brandy/0000-0002-3637-0631 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 96-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HZ UT WOS:000207862000299 ER PT J AU Mintmire, JW Li, JW Gunlycke, D White, CT AF Mintmire, John W. Li, Junwen Gunlycke, Daniel White, Carter T. TI First-principles simulations of graphitic nanoribbons SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Mintmire, John W.; Li, Junwen] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Gunlycke, Daniel; White, Carter T.] USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM john.mintmire@okstate.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 107-PHYS PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861909139 ER PT J AU Mulvaney, SP Malito, MP Myers, KM Tamanaha, CR AF Mulvaney, Shawn P. Malito, Michael P. Myers, Kristina M. Tamanaha, Cy R. TI COLL 138-Microparticle labels enabling attomolar detection of biothreats in minutes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Mulvaney, Shawn P.; Malito, Michael P.; Myers, Kristina M.; Tamanaha, Cy R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM shawn.mulvaney@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 138-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861903198 ER PT J AU Nelson, AP Cambrea, LR Trivedi, NJ AF Nelson, Andrew P. Cambrea, Lee R. Trivedi, Nirupam J. TI Energetic MOFs: Trapping energetic materials within thermally stable metal-organic frameworks SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Nelson, Andrew P.; Cambrea, Lee R.; Trivedi, Nirupam J.] USN, Synth & Formulat Branch Code 474100D, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM andrew.p.nelson@navy.mil; lee.cambrea@navy.mil; nirupam.trivedi@navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 94-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HZ UT WOS:000207862000657 ER PT J AU Oh, E Susumu, K Mattoussi, H AF Oh, Eunkeu Susumu, Kimihiro Mattoussi, Hedi TI COLL 280-One phase synthesis of gold nanoparticles with control over size and surface functions SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Oh, Eunkeu; Susumu, Kimihiro; Mattoussi, Hedi] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM eunkeuoh@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; susumu@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; hedi.mattoussi@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 280-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861903393 ER PT J AU Oh, E Susumu, K Medintz, IL Mattoussi, H AF Oh, Eunkeu Susumu, Kimihiro Medintz, Igor L. Mattoussi, Hedi TI COLL 449-Stable maleimide-functionalized AuNPs via strong anchoring PEGylated ligands and their coupling to specific peptides SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Oh, Eunkeu; Susumu, Kimihiro; Mattoussi, Hedi] USN, Div Opt Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Medintz, Igor L.] USN, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM eunkeuoh@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; susumu@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; hedi.mattoussi@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 449-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861903134 ER PT J AU Pai, RS Mott, DR Stepnowski, JL Nguyen, V Higgins, BA Simonson, DL McGill, RA AF Pai, Rekha S. Mott, David R. Stepnowski, Jennifer L. Viet Nguyen Higgins, Bernadette A. Simonson, Duane L. McGill, R. Andrew TI ANYL 26-High performance on-chip gas chromatography for trace analysis of chemical agents and explosives SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Pai, Rekha S.; Viet Nguyen; Higgins, Bernadette A.; Simonson, Duane L.; McGill, R. Andrew] USN, Res Lab, Mat & Sensors Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mott, David R.] USN, Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Stepnowski, Jennifer L.] NOVA Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. EM rekha.pai@nrl.navy.mil; amcgill@ccf.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 26-ANYL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861901322 ER PT J AU Pal, RS McGill, RA Nguyen, V Stepnowski, JL Higgins, BA Furstenberg, R Stepnowski, SV Simonson, DL Kendziora, C AF Pal, Rekha S. McGill, R. Andrew Viet Nguyen Stepnowski, Jennifer L. Higgins, Bernadette A. Furstenberg, Robert Stepnowski, Stanley V. Simonson, Duane L. Kendziora, Chris TI ANYL 25-Caspar: A microfabricated high flow preconcentrator for rapid detection of organophosphates and explosives SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Pal, Rekha S.; McGill, R. Andrew; Viet Nguyen; Higgins, Bernadette A.; Furstenberg, Robert; Stepnowski, Stanley V.; Simonson, Duane L.; Kendziora, Chris] USN, Res Lab, Mat & Sensors Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Stepnowski, Jennifer L.] NOVA Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. EM rekha.pai@nrl.navy.mil; amcgill@ccf.nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 25-ANYL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861901327 ER PT J AU Pomfret, MB Pietron, JJ Owrutsky, JC AF Pomfret, Michael B. Pietron, Jeremy J. Owrutsky, Jeffrey C. TI In situ Raman spectroelectrochemical measurements of benzenethiol adsorbtion at Pt and PtPd alloy electrocatalyst films SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Pomfret, Michael B.; Pietron, Jeremy J.; Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.] USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM michael.pomfret.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; jeremy.pietron@nrl.navy.mil; jeff.owrutsky@nrl.navy.mil RI Owrutsky, Jeffrey/K-7649-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 156-FUEL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861905242 ER PT J AU Prak, DJL Sims, JL MacArthur, AHR AF Prak, Dianne J. Luning Sims, Jessica L. MacArthur, Amy H. Roy TI COLL 248-Locus of solubilization of nitroaromatic compounds in nonionic surfactant micelles SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Prak, Dianne J. Luning; Sims, Jessica L.; MacArthur, Amy H. Roy] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM prak@usna.edu; macarthu@usna.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 248-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861903163 ER PT J AU Prasuhn, DE Blanco-Canosa, J Susumu, K Vora, GJ Delehanty, JB Mattoussi, H Dawson, PE Medintz, IL AF Prasuhn, Duane E., Jr. Blanco-Canosa, Juan Susumu, Kimihiro Vora, Gary J. Delehanty, James B., III Mattoussi, Hedi Dawson, Philip E. Medintz, Igor L. TI COLL 450-Multivalent display of biomolecules on semiconductor quantum dots utilizing an aniline-mediated chemoselective ligation SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Prasuhn, Duane E., Jr.; Vora, Gary J.; Delehanty, James B., III; Medintz, Igor L.] USN, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Blanco-Canosa, Juan; Dawson, Philip E.] Scripps Res Inst, Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, Dept Cell Biol & Chem, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Susumu, Kimihiro; Mattoussi, Hedi] USN, Div Opt Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM duane.prasuhn.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; susumu@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; james.delehanty@nrl.navy.mil; hedi.mattoussi@nrl.navy.mil; igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 450-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861903133 ER PT J AU Purdy, AP Pettigrew, KA Epshteyn, A Miller, JB AF Purdy, Andrew P. Pettigrew, Katherine A. Epshteyn, Albert Miller, Joel B. TI Synthesis of hafnium carbide and alloy nanomaterials by alkali metal reduction of metal chlorides SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Purdy, Andrew P.; Epshteyn, Albert; Miller, Joel B.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Pettigrew, Katherine A.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. EM andrew.purdy@nrl.navy.mil; albert.epshteyn.ctr@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 506-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HZ UT WOS:000207862000031 ER PT J AU Purdy, AP Kuyinu, O AF Purdy, Andrew P. Kuyinu, Ore TI POLY 418-Synthesis and dielectric properties of some zwitterionic polymers SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Purdy, Andrew P.; Kuyinu, Ore] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM andrew.purdy@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 418-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861906321 ER PT J AU Puri, A Yavlovich, A Singh, A Blumenthal, R AF Puri, Anu Yavlovich, Amichai Singh, Alok Blumenthal, Robert TI COLL 547-Design and development of a novel class of light-sensitive liposomes for sustained and triggered (localized) delivery of cancer therapeutics SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Yavlovich, Amichai] NCI, Ctr Canc Res, Nanobiol Program, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Singh, Alok] USN, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM apuri@helix.nih.gov; asingh@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil; blumenthalr@mail.nih.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 547-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861903196 ER PT J AU Qi, H Alexson, D Glembocki, O Prokes, SM AF Qi, Hua Alexson, Dimitri Glembocki, Orest Prokes, S. M. TI COLL 174-Formation of dielectric core/metal sheath nanowire composites using electroless deposition for SERS application SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Qi, Hua; Alexson, Dimitri; Glembocki, Orest; Prokes, S. M.] USN, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM huaqi@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; sharka.prokes@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 174-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861903230 ER PT J AU Ricks-Laskoski, HL Buckley, MA Miller, JB AF Ricks-Laskoski, Holly L. Buckley, Mary A. Miller, Joel B. TI Anhydrous amphoteric molecules: Synthesis and proton transport SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ricks-Laskoski, Holly L.; Buckley, Mary A.; Miller, Joel B.] USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM holly.ficks-laskoski@nrl.navy.mil; buckleym@vt.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 658-ORGN PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861908633 ER PT J AU Ringeisen, BR Wu, P Fitzgerald, LA Biffinger, JC AF Ringeisen, Bradley R. Wu, Peter Fitzgerald, Lisa A. Biffinger, Justin C. TI Single-cell isolation of bacteria from energy-producing mixed cultures SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wu, Peter; Fitzgerald, Lisa A.; Biffinger, Justin C.] USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ringeisen@nrl.navy.mil; wu@sou.edu; lisa.fitzgerald.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; justin.biffinger@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 234-FUEL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861905041 ER PT J AU Robertson, K Archer, MJ Liu, J AF Robertson, Kelly Archer, Marie J. Liu, Jinny TI COLL 413-T4 bacteriophage nanoparticles for imaging and detection applications SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Robertson, Kelly; Archer, Marie J.; Liu, Jinny] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kelly.robertson@nrl.navy.mil; marie.archer@nrl.navy.mil; jinny.liu@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 413-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861903434 ER PT J AU Rolison, DR Long, JW Lytle, JC Sassin, MB Wallace, JM Fischer, AE Barrow, AJ Dysart, JL Chervin, CN Pettigrew, KA Renninger, CH AF Rolison, Debra R. Long, Jeffrey W. Lytle, Justin C. Sassin, Megan B. Wallace, Jean Marie Fischer, Anne E. Barrow, Amanda J. Dysart, Jennifer L. Chervin, Christopher N. Pettigrew, Katherine A. Renninger, Christopher H. TI COLL 87-Architectural design of multifunctional hybrid nanomaterials SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Rolison, Debra R.; Long, Jeffrey W.; Lytle, Justin C.; Sassin, Megan B.; Barrow, Amanda J.; Dysart, Jennifer L.; Chervin, Christopher N.; Renninger, Christopher H.] USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wallace, Jean Marie; Fischer, Anne E.; Pettigrew, Katherine A.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. EM rolison@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 87-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861903387 ER PT J AU Sassin, MB Long, JW Fischer, AE Pettigrew, KA Rolison, DR AF Sassin, Megan B. Long, Jeffrey W. Fischer, Anne E. Pettigrew, Katherine A. Rolison, Debra R. TI COLL 81-Multifunctional metal oxide-carbon nanoarchitecture electrode structures for aqueous asymmetric electrochemical capacitors SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sassin, Megan B.; Long, Jeffrey W.; Rolison, Debra R.] USN, Surface Chem Branch, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fischer, Anne E.; Pettigrew, Katherine A.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. EM megan.sassin.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; rolison@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 81-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861903129 ER PT J AU Sheehan, PE Lee, WK King, WP AF Sheehan, Paul E. Lee, Woo Kyung King, William P. TI COLL 21-Nanoscale deposition and organization of polymers and polymer-nanoparticle composites SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sheehan, Paul E.; Lee, Woo Kyung] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [King, William P.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM wookyung.lee.ctr.ks@nrl.navy.mil; wpk@illinois.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 21-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861903215 ER PT J AU Sheps, L Miller, EM Parson, R Lineberger, WC Thompson, MA Horvath, S McCoy, AB AF Sheps, Leonid Miller, Elisa M. Parson, Robert Lineberger, W. Carl Thompson, Matthew A. Horvath, Samantha McCoy, Anne B. TI Dissociation dynamics of the IBr-(CO2) Van der Waals cluster anion: Direct view of solvent-driven nonadiabatic transitions SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sheps, Leonid; Miller, Elisa M.; Parson, Robert; Lineberger, W. Carl] Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Sheps, Leonid; Miller, Elisa M.; Parson, Robert; Lineberger, W. Carl] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Thompson, Matthew A.] USN, Res Lab, Theoret Chem Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Horvath, Samantha; McCoy, Anne B.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM sheps@jila.colorado.edu; elisa.m.miller@colorado.edu; rparson@jila.Colorado.edu; wcl@jila.colorado.edu; matthew.thompson.ctr@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 237-PHYS PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861909438 ER PT J AU Snow, AW AF Snow, Arthur W. TI ANYL 68-Hexafluorodimethylcarbinol functionalized gold nanocluster chemiresistor sensors SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Snow, Arthur W.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM arthur.snow@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 68-ANYL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861901212 ER PT J AU Soares, JW North, SH Doherty, LA Slutsky, M Taitt, CR Mello, CM AF Soares, Jason W. North, Stella H. Doherty, Laurel A. Slutsky, Morris Taitt, Chris R. Mello, Charlene M. TI ENVR 43-Antimicrobial peptides for detection of bacterial pathogens SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Soares, Jason W.; Doherty, Laurel A.; Slutsky, Morris; Mello, Charlene M.] US Army Natick Soldier Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, AMSRD NSR WS CB, Biol Sci & Technol Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [North, Stella H.; Taitt, Chris R.] USN, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jason.soares@us.army.mil; stella.north.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; laurel.doherty@us.army.mil; morris.slutsky@gmail.com; crtaitt@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil; charlene.mello@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 43-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861903702 ER PT J AU Soto, CM Blaney, K Dar, M Khan, M Lin, BC Malanosky, AP Tidd, C Rios, MV Lopez, DM Ratna, BR AF Soto, Carissa M. Blaney, Kate Dar, Mubasher Khan, Manzer Lin, Baochuan Malanosky, Anthony P. Tidd, Cherise Rios, Mayrim V. Lopez, Darlah M. Ratna, Banhalli R. TI COLL 410-Cowpea mosaic virus nanoscaffold for signal enhancement: Application as staining probes for affymetrix gene chips and DNA microarrays SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Soto, Carissa M.; Lin, Baochuan; Malanosky, Anthony P.; Tidd, Cherise; Rios, Mayrim V.; Lopez, Darlah M.; Ratna, Banhalli R.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Blaney, Kate] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. [Dar, Mubasher; Khan, Manzer] GE Healthcare, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 410-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861903180 ER PT J AU Stewart, MH Susumu, K Farrell, D Mattoussi, H AF Stewart, Michael H. Susumu, Kimihiro Farrell, Dorothy Mattoussi, Hedi TI COLL 131-Multichelating poly(ethylene glycol)-based ligands for enhanced colloidal stability of inorganic nanocrystals in extreme buffer conditions SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Stewart, Michael H.; Susumu, Kimihiro; Farrell, Dorothy; Mattoussi, Hedi] USN, Div Opt Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mikestew@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; susumu@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; farrell@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; hedi.mattoussi@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 131-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861903127 ER PT J AU Susumu, K Mei, BC Oh, E Stewart, MH Medintz, IL Mattoussi, H AF Susumu, Kimihiro Mei, Bing C. Oh, Eunkeu Stewart, Michael H. Medintz, Igor L. Mattoussi, Hedi TI COLL 432-Modular poly(ethylene glycol) ligands for biocompatible semiconductor and gold nanoparticles SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Susumu, Kimihiro; Mei, Bing C.; Oh, Eunkeu; Stewart, Michael H.; Mattoussi, Hedi] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Medintz, Igor L.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM susumu@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; eunkeuoh@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; mikestew@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil; hedi.mattoussi@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 432-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861903499 ER PT J AU Swain, MD Goldman, ER Anderson, GP Liu, J Bernstein, RD AF Swain, Marla D. Goldman, Ellen R. Anderson, George P. Liu, Jinny Bernstein, Rachael D. TI ANYL 120-Llama-derived single-domain antibodies for targeting toxins SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Swain, Marla D.; Goldman, Ellen R.; Anderson, George P.; Liu, Jinny] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bernstein, Rachael D.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. EM marla.swain.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; jinny.liu@nrl.navy.mil RI Anderson, George/D-2461-2011 OI Anderson, George/0000-0001-7545-9893 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 120-ANYL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861901324 ER PT J AU Tender, LM Strycharz, S Yi, H Nevin, KP Kim, BC Franks, A Klimes, A Lovley, DR AF Tender, Leonard M. Strycharz, Sarah Yi, Hana Nevin, Kelly P. Kim, Byoung-Chan Franks, Ashley Klimes, Anna Lovley, Derek R. TI Cyclic voltammetry of electrode-bound biofilms of Geobacter sulfurreducens SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tender, Leonard M.; Strycharz, Sarah] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Yi, Hana; Nevin, Kelly P.; Kim, Byoung-Chan; Franks, Ashley; Klimes, Anna; Lovley, Derek R.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Microbiol, Morrill Sci Ctr 4, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM Leonard.Tender@NRL.NAVY.MIL; Sarah.Strycharz@nrl.navy.mil; knevin@microbio.umass.edu; dlovley@microbio.umass.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 239-FUEL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861905285 ER PT J AU Tender, LM Strycharz, S Snider, R Lebedev, N Vora, GJ AF Tender, Leonard M. Strycharz, Sarah Snider, Rachel Lebedev, Nikolai Vora, Gary J. TI Solar microbial fuel cell (SMFC) SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tender, Leonard M.; Strycharz, Sarah; Snider, Rachel; Lebedev, Nikolai; Vora, Gary J.] USN, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Leonard.Tender@NRL.NAVY.MIL; Sarah.Strycharz@nrl.navy.mil; rachel.snider@nrl.navy.mil; nikolai.lebedev@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 233-FUEL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861905234 ER PT J AU Wallace, JM Dysart, JL Long, JW Lytle, JC Renninger, CH Pettigrew, KA Rolison, DR AF Wallace, Jean M. Dysart, Jennifer L. Long, Jeffrey W. Lytle, Justin C. Renninger, Christopher H. Pettigrew, Katherine A. Rolison, Debra R. TI COLL 128-Palladium-modified carbon nanoarchitectures SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wallace, Jean M.; Pettigrew, Katherine A.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. [Dysart, Jennifer L.; Long, Jeffrey W.; Lytle, Justin C.; Renninger, Christopher H.; Rolison, Debra R.] USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 128-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861903380 ER PT J AU Wei, ZQ Barlow, DE Sheehan, PE AF Wei, Zhongqing Barlow, Daniel E. Sheehan, Paul E. TI COLL 296-Molecular-template directed assembly of single-layered graphite oxide and graphene sheets SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wei, Zhongqing; Barlow, Daniel E.; Sheehan, Paul E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Zhongqing.Wei@nrl.navy.mil RI Barlow, Daniel/C-9006-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 296-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861903302 ER PT J AU Wilkinson, J AF Wilkinson, John TI YCC 3-Terahertz spectroscopy for remote detection of energetic materials SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wilkinson, John] USN, Res & Technol Dept, Indian Head Div, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. EM john.h.wilkinson@navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 3-YCC PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861906814 ER PT J AU Willauer, HD Hardy, DR Lewis, MK AF Willauer, Heather D. Hardy, Dennis R. Lewis, M. Kathleen TI Extraction of carbon dioxide from seawater by strong base anion exchange resins SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Willauer, Heather D.; Hardy, Dennis R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lewis, M. Kathleen] Luzerne Cty Community Coll, Nanticoke, PA 18634 USA. EM heather.willauer@nrl.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 38-IEC PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861904358 ER PT J AU Yi, HN Nevin, KP Kim, BC Franks, AE Klimes, A Tender, LM Lovley, DR AF Yi, Hana Nevin, Kelly P. Kim, Byoung-Chan Franks, Ashely E. Klimes, Anna Tender, Leonard M. Lovley, Derek R. TI Selection of a variant of Geobacter sulfurreducens with enhanced capacity for current production in microbial fuel cells SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Microbial fuel cell; Geobacter sulfurreducens; Current density; Power density; Selective pressure; Biofilm ID ELECTRON-TRANSFER; HARVESTING ELECTRICITY; BIOFILM FORMATION; REDUCTION; ENERGY; COMMUNITIES; FE(III); MICROORGANISMS; EFFICIENCIES; RESPIRATION AB Geobacter sulfurreducens produces current densities in microbial fuel cells that are among the highest known for pure cultures. The possibility of adapting this organism to produce even higher current densities was evaluated. A system in which a graphite anode was poised at -400 mV (versus Ag/AgCl) was inoculated with the wild-type strain of G. sulfurreducens, strain DL-1. An isolate, designated strain KN400, was recovered from the biofilm after 5 months of growth on the electrode. KN400 was much more effective in current production than strain DL-1. This was apparent with anodes poised at -400 mV, as well as in systems run in true fuel cell mode. KN400 had current (7.6 A/m(2)) and power (3.9 W/m(2)) densities that respectively were substantially higher than those of DL1 (1.4 A/m(2) and 0.5 W/m(2)). On a per cell basis KN400 was more effective in current production than DL1. requiring thinner biofilms to make equivalent current. The enhanced capacity for current production in KN400 was associated with a greater abundance of electrically conductive microbial nanowires than DL1 and lower internal resistance (0.015 versus 0.130 Omega/m(2)) and mass transfer limitation in KN400 fuel cells. KN400 produced flagella, whereas DL1 does not. Surprisingly, KN400 had much less outer-surface c-type cytochromes than DL1. KN400 also had a greater propensity to form biofilms on glass or graphite than DL1, even when growing with the soluble electron acceptor, fumarate. These results demonstrate that it is possible to enhance the ability of microorganisms to electrochemically interact with electrodes with the appropriate selective pressure and that improved current production is associated with clear differences in the properties of the outer surface of the cell that may provide insights into the mechanisms for microbe-electrode interactions. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Yi, Hana; Nevin, Kelly P.; Kim, Byoung-Chan; Franks, Ashely E.; Klimes, Anna; Lovley, Derek R.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Microbiol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Tender, Leonard M.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Yi, H (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Microbiol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM hanayi@microbio.umass.edu FU Office of Science (BER); U. S. Department of Energy [DE-FC02-02ER63446]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-07-1-0966]; Korean Government (MOEHRD) [KFR-2007-357-C00104] FX This research was supported by the Office of Science (BER), U. S. Department of Energy, Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC02-02ER63446 and Office of Naval Research Award No. N00014-07-1-0966. HY was partially supported by the Korean Research Foundation Grant funded by the Korean Government (MOEHRD) KFR-2007-357-C00104. We thank Marianne Schiffer and Yuri Y. Londer (Biosciences Divison, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA) for providing pilA antibody. NR 44 TC 162 Z9 167 U1 8 U2 94 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-5663 J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON JI Biosens. Bioelectron. PD AUG 15 PY 2009 VL 24 IS 12 BP 3498 EP 3503 DI 10.1016/j.bios.2009.05.004 PG 6 WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 487MI UT WOS:000269278300016 PM 19487117 ER PT J AU Lean, JL Rind, DH AF Lean, Judith L. Rind, David H. TI How will Earth's surface temperature change in future decades? SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PREDICTION AB Reliable forecasts of climate change in the immediate future are difficult, especially on regional scales, where natural climate variations may amplify or mitigate anthropogenic warming in ways that numerical models capture poorly. By decomposing recent observed surface temperatures into components associated with ENSO, volcanic and solar activity, and anthropogenic influences, we anticipate global and regional changes in the next two decades. From 2009 to 2014, projected rises in anthropogenic influences and solar irradiance will increase global surface temperature 0.15 +/- 0.03 degrees C, at a rate 50% greater than predicted by IPCC. But as a result of declining solar activity in the subsequent five years, average temperature in 2019 is only 0.03 +/- 0.01 degrees C warmer than in 2014. This lack of overall warming is analogous to the period from 2002 to 2008 when decreasing solar irradiance also countered much of the anthropogenic warming. We further illustrate how a major volcanic eruption and a super ENSO would modify our global and regional temperature projections. Citation: Lean, J.L., and D. H. Rind (2009), How will Earth's surface temperature change in future decades?, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L15708, doi:10.1029/2009GL038932. C1 [Lean, Judith L.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Rind, David H.] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. RP Lean, JL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Code 7605,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM lean@demeter.nrl.navy.mil OI Lean, Judith/0000-0002-0087-9639 FU NASA FX NASA funded this work. Data were obtained from http://www.cru.uea.ac.uk/, http://www.cdc.noaa.gov/ENSO/enso. mei_index.html and http:// www.giss.nasa.gov/. Appreciated are efforts of the many scientists who maintain the various datasets and make then readily available. NR 14 TC 103 Z9 116 U1 2 U2 39 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 2009 VL 36 AR L15708 DI 10.1029/2009GL038932 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 484EP UT WOS:000269026700002 ER PT J AU Caldwell, JD Stahlbush, RE Imhoff, EA Hobart, KD Tadjer, MJ Zhang, Q Agarwal, A AF Caldwell, J. D. Stahlbush, R. E. Imhoff, E. A. Hobart, K. D. Tadjer, M. J. Zhang, Q. Agarwal, A. TI Recombination-induced stacking fault degradation of 4H-SiC merged-PiN-Schottky diodes SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB The increase in the forward voltage drop observed in 4H-SiC bipolar devices due to recombination-induced stacking fault (SF) creation and expansion has been widely discussed in the literature. It was long believed that the deleterious effect of these defects was limited to bipolar devices. Recent reports point to similar degradation in 4H-SiC DMOSFETs, a primarily unipolar device, which was thought to be SF-related. Here we report similar degradation of both unipolar and bipolar operation of merged-PiN-Schottky diodes, a hybrid device capable of both unipolar and bipolar operation. Furthermore, we report on the observation of the temperature-mediation of this degradation and the observation of the current-induced recovery phenomenon. These observations leave little doubt that this degradation is SF-induced and that if SFs are present, that they will adversely affect both bipolar and unipolar characteristics. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3194323] C1 [Caldwell, J. D.; Stahlbush, R. E.; Imhoff, E. A.; Hobart, K. D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Tadjer, M. J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Zhang, Q.; Agarwal, A.] Cree Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Caldwell, JD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM joshua.caldwell@nrl.navy.mil RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008 OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168 NR 11 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 4 AR 044504 DI 10.1063/1.3194323 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 497SX UT WOS:000270083800102 ER PT J AU Pant, RR Fulmer, PA Harney, MB Buckley, JP Wynne, JH AF Pant, Ramesh R. Fulmer, Preston A. Harney, Matthew B. Buckley, Joseph P. Wynne, James H. TI Synthesis and Biocidal Efficacy of Self-Spreading Polydimethylsiloxane Oligomers Possessing Oxyethylene-Functionalized Quaternary Ammoniums SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE synthesis; silicone; self-spreading; quaternary ammoniums; poly(ethylene glycol); polydimethylsiloxanes ID POLYURETHANES AB In an effort to develop a more versatile creeping biocide that is capable of self-spreading and self-decontaminating of pathogenic bacteria, we report the development of two new homologous series of hybrid PDMS molecules. These oligomers were synthesized with terminal quaternary ammonium functionalities bearing variable length oxyethylene moieties. It is shown that the ionic interaction of the ammonium groups with the surface onto which it spreads can be tempered by the oxyethylene segments through close association of the polar chains with the cationic centers within the hydrophobic PDMS environment, thereby promoting self-spreading of the molecule. Once the compounds spread to a humid environment, the oxyethylene chains "blossom" and subsequently expose the biocidal centers, at which point, function as broad spectrum versatile antimicrobials. While biological evaluation showed antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria for all samples, one series was found to be much more effective due to lower steric hindrance surrounding the biocidal cationic termini. However, this increased exposure of the cationic center also altered the physical properties of the compounds except those isolated as a waxy solid. Self-spreading abilities with increasing oxyethylene chain length correlating to a decreasing spread rate. The decontaminating ability of the two most active compounds was demonstrated by allowing samples to spread to pools of water contaminated with S, aureus, yielding log reductions as high as 5.7 in less than two hours without external influences. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc(dagger). J Appl Polym Sci 113: 2397-2403, 2009 C1 [Pant, Ramesh R.; Fulmer, Preston A.; Harney, Matthew B.; Buckley, Joseph P.; Wynne, James H.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wynne, JH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM james.wynne@nrl.navy.mil RI Fulmer, Preston/L-7702-2014 OI Fulmer, Preston/0000-0002-2981-576X NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 8 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD AUG 15 PY 2009 VL 113 IS 4 BP 2397 EP 2403 DI 10.1002/app.30378 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 457PU UT WOS:000266945300042 ER PT J AU Golubov, AA Brinkman, A Tanaka, Y Mazin, II Dolgov, OV AF Golubov, A. A. Brinkman, A. Tanaka, Yukio Mazin, I. I. Dolgov, O. V. TI Andreev Spectra and Subgap Bound States in Multiband Superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID REFLECTION SPECTROSCOPY; POINT; ENHANCEMENT; JUNCTIONS AB A theory of Andreev conductance is formulated for junctions involving normal metals (N) and multiband superconductors (S) and applied to the case of superconductors with nodeless extended s(+)-wave order parameter symmetry, as possibly realized in the recently discovered ferropnictides. We find qualitative differences from tunneling into s-wave or d-wave superconductors that may help to identify such a state. First, interband interference leads to a suppression of Andreev reflection in the case of a highly transparent N/S interface and to a current deficit in the tunneling regime. Second, surface bound states may appear, both at zero and at nonzero energies. C1 [Golubov, A. A.; Brinkman, A.] Univ Twente, Fac Sci & Technol, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. [Golubov, A. A.; Brinkman, A.] Univ Twente, MESA Inst Nanotechnol, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. [Tanaka, Yukio] Nagoya Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Nagoya, Aichi 4648603, Japan. [Mazin, I. I.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Dolgov, O. V.] Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. RP Golubov, AA (reprint author), Univ Twente, Fac Sci & Technol, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. RI Yukio, Tanaka/F-4140-2012; Mazin, Igor/B-6576-2008; Dolgov, Oleg/M-8120-2015 OI Dolgov, Oleg/0000-0001-8997-2671 NR 28 TC 62 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 14 PY 2009 VL 103 IS 7 AR 077003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.077003 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 484QZ UT WOS:000269063300058 PM 19792677 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Anderson, B Atwood, WB Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Baring, MG Bastieri, D Baughman, BM Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Bignami, GF Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Burnett, TH Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Celik, O Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Cutini, S Dermer, CD de Angelis, A de Luca, A de Palma, F Digel, SW Dormody, M Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giommi, P Giordano, F Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Gwon, C Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, RP Johnson, TJ Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kawai, N Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kocian, ML Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Makeev, A Marelli, M Mazziotta, MN McConville, W McEnery, JE Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Parent, D Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Pierbattista, M Piron, F Porter, TA Primack, JR Raino, S Rando, R Ray, PS Razzano, M Rea, N Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ritz, S Rochester, LS Rodriguez, AY Romani, RW Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sanchez, D Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Scargle, JD Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Starck, JL Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Tibolla, O Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Van Etten, A Vasileiou, V Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wang, P Watters, K Winer, BL Wolff, MT Wood, KS Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Anderson, B. Atwood, W. B. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Baring, M. G. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. M. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Bignami, G. F. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. H. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. Dermer, C. D. de Angelis, A. de Luca, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. Dormody, M. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giommi, P. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Gwon, C. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, T. J. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kocian, M. L. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Makeev, A. Marelli, M. Mazziotta, M. N. McConville, W. McEnery, J. E. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pierbattista, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Primack, J. R. Raino, S. Rando, R. Ray, P. S. Razzano, M. Rea, N. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Rochester, L. S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Romani, R. W. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Scargle, J. D. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Starck, J. -L. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Tibolla, O. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Van Etten, A. Vasileiou, V. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Watters, K. Winer, B. L. Wolff, M. T. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI Detection of 16 Gamma-Ray Pulsars Through Blind Frequency Searches Using the Fermi LAT SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; TIME-DIFFERENCING TECHNIQUE; UNIDENTIFIED EGRET SOURCES; X-RAY; SUPERNOVA REMNANT; 3EG J1835+5918; RADIO; GEMINGA; CATALOG; COUNTERPART AB Pulsars are rapidly rotating, highly magnetized neutron stars emitting radiation across the electromagnetic spectrum. Although there are more than 1800 known radio pulsars, until recently only seven were observed to pulse in gamma rays, and these were all discovered at other wavelengths. The Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) makes it possible to pinpoint neutron stars through their gamma-ray pulsations. We report the detection of 16 gamma-ray pulsars in blind frequency searches using the LAT. Most of these pulsars are coincident with previously unidentified gamma-ray sources, and many are associated with supernova remnants. Direct detection of gamma-ray pulsars enables studies of emission mechanisms, population statistics, and the energetics of pulsar wind nebulae and supernova remnants. C1 [Anderson, B.; Atwood, W. B.; Dormody, M.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Primack, J. R.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Abdo, A. A.; Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Gwon, C.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Ray, P. S.; Strickman, M. S.; Wolff, M. T.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Van Etten, A.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.; Watters, K.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Van Etten, A.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.; Watters, K.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Axelsson, M.; Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmo Particle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Pierbattista, M.; Starck, J. -L.] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, CEA Saclay, CEA IRFU,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Baring, M. G.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35121 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Baughman, B. M.; Hughes, R. E.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bignami, G. F.; de Luca, A.] Ist Univ Studi Super, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Giebels, B.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.; Marelli, M.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Celik, Oe; Cheung, C. C.; Gehrels, N.; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; Johnson, T. J.; McConville, W.; McEnery, J. E.; Ritz, S.; Thompson, D. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Giommi, P.; Giordano, F.] ASI, Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.; Johnson, T. J.; McConville, W.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698050, Japan. [Kawai, N.] Inst Phys & Chem Res RIKEN, Cosm Radiat Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Kawai, N.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] UPS, CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Rea, N.] Sterrekundig Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Rea, N.; Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEC CSIC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Takahashi, T.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Tibolla, O.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Torres, D. F.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] Consorzio Interuniv Fis Spaziale, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. [Anderson, B.; Atwood, W. B.; Dormody, M.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Primack, J. R.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Coll Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. RP Dormody, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM dormody@scipp.ucsc.edu; paul.ray@nrl.navy.mil; pablo@scipp.ucsc.edu; ziegler@scipp.ucsc.edu RI Starck, Jean-Luc/D-9467-2011; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Saz Parkinson, Pablo Miguel/I-7980-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Rea, Nanda/I-2853-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; OI Starck, Jean-Luc/0000-0003-2177-7794; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Rea, Nanda/0000-0003-2177-6388; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; Bignami, Giovanni/0000-0001-9582-2450; giommi, paolo/0000-0002-2265-5003; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; De Luca, Andrea/0000-0001-6739-687X; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278 FU NASA; U.S. Department of Energy; Commissariat a l Energie Atomique and CNRS/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules (France); Agenzia Spaziale Italiana; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (Italy); Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (Japan); K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; National Space Board (Sweden) FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration is supported by NASA and the U.S. Department of Energy; the Commissariat a l Energie Atomique and CNRS/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules (France); the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, and Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (Italy); the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (Japan); and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, Swedish Research Council, and National Space Board (Sweden). Much of this work was carried out on the Pleiades supercomputer at the Department of Astronomy, University of California, Santa Cruz. This work made extensive use of the ATNF pulsar database. We thank N. Gehrels for granting Swift/XRT time to explore the LAT error circles, the Swift MOC staff for performing the observations, F. Camilo and S. Ransom for contributions, and M. Roberts for useful discussions. NR 37 TC 157 Z9 157 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 14 PY 2009 VL 325 IS 5942 BP 840 EP 844 DI 10.1126/science.1175558 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 487AK UT WOS:000269242400037 PM 19574346 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Atwood, WB Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Baughman, BM Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Burnett, TH Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Celik, O Charles, E Chaty, S Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Cutini, S Dermer, CD de Palma, F Digel, SW Dormody, M Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Focke, WB Frailis, M Fukazawa, Y Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giordano, F Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Horan, D Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, RP Johnson, TJ Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kawai, N Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kuehn, F Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Makeev, A Mazziotta, MN McConville, W McEnery, JE Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pierbattista, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Rea, N Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ritz, S Rochester, LS Rodriguez, AY Romani, RW Roth, M Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sanchez, D Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Sgro, C Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Starck, JL Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vasileiou, V Vilchez, N Vitale, V Wang, P Webb, N Winer, BL Wood, KS Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Atwood, W. B. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. M. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. H. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe Charles, E. Chaty, S. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. Dermer, C. D. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. Dormody, M. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Focke, W. B. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Horan, D. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, T. J. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kuehn, F. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. N. McConville, W. McEnery, J. E. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pierbattista, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Rea, N. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Rochester, L. S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Romani, R. W. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Sgro, C. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Starck, J. -L. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vasileiou, V. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Wang, P. Webb, N. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI Detection of High-Energy Gamma-Ray Emission from the Globular Cluster 47 Tucanae with Fermi SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MILLISECOND PULSARS; X-RAY; GLOBULAR-CLUSTER-47 TUCANAE; AREA TELESCOPE; BINARIES; CATALOG; CORE AB We report the detection of gamma-ray emissions above 200 megaelectron volts at a significance level of 17 sigma from the globular cluster 47 Tucanae, using data obtained with the Large Area Telescope onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. Globular clusters are expected to emit gamma rays because of the large populations of millisecond pulsars that they contain. The spectral shape of 47 Tucanae is consistent with gamma-ray emission from a population of millisecond pulsars. The observed gamma-ray luminosity implies an upper limit of 60 millisecond pulsars present in 47 Tucanae. C1 [Knoedlseder, J.] UPS, CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Axelsson, M.; Conrad, J.; Monzani, M. E.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmo Particle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Chaty, S.; Grenier, I. A.; Pierbattista, M.; Starck, J. -L.; Thayer, J. B.] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, CEA Saclay, CEA IRFU CNRS,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Baughman, B. M.; Hughes, R. E.; Kuehn, F.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Farnier, C.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Giebels, B.; Horan, D.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.; Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Celik, Oe; Cheung, C. C.; Gehrels, N.; Harding, A. K.; Johnson, T. J.; McConville, W.; McEnery, J. E.; Ritz, S.; Thompson, D. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Monzani, M. E.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] ASI, Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [Dumora, D.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, UMR 5797, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.; Johnson, T. J.; McConville, W.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Kawai, N.] RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Cosm Radiat Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Kawai, N.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Atwood, W. B.; Dormody, M.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Vilchez, N.; Webb, N.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Moiseev, A. A.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Rea, N.] Sterrenkundig Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Rea, N.; Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEC CSIC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchen Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Torres, D. F.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] Consorzio Interuniv Fis Spaziale, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Wang, P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Coll Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. RP Knodlseder, J (reprint author), UPS, CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. EM jurgen.knodlseder@cesr.fr; natalie.webb@cesr.fr RI Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Rea, Nanda/I-2853-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Saz Parkinson, Pablo Miguel/I-7980-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Starck, Jean-Luc/D-9467-2011; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013 OI Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Chaty, Sylvain/0000-0002-5769-8601; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Rea, Nanda/0000-0003-2177-6388; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Starck, Jean-Luc/0000-0003-2177-7794; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; FU NASA; U.S. Department of Energy; Commissariat a l Energie Atomique; CNRS; Institut National de Physique Nuclaire et de Physique des Particules; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; National Space Board (Sweden); Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (Italy); Centre National d Etudes Spatiales (France) FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration is supported by NASA and the U.S. Department of Energy; the Commissariat a l Energie Atomique and CNRS/Institut National de Physique Nuclaire et de Physique des Particules (France); the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (Italy); the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (Japan); and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, Swedish Research Council, and National Space Board (Sweden). Additional support was provided by the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (Italy) and the Centre National d Etudes Spatiales (France). NR 28 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 14 PY 2009 VL 325 IS 5942 BP 845 EP 848 DI 10.1126/science.1177023 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 487AK UT WOS:000269242400038 PM 19679807 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Atwood, WB Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Baring, MG Bastieri, D Baughman, BM Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Bignami, GF Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Burnett, TH Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Camilo, F Caraveo, PA Carlson, P Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Celik, O Charles, E Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cognard, I Cohen-Tanugi, J Cominsky, LR Conrad, J Corbet, R Cutini, S Dermer, CD Desvignes, G de Angelis, A de Luca, A de Palma, F Digel, SW Dormody, M Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Edmonds, Y Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Focke, WB Frailis, M Freire, PCC Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giordano, F Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Hobbs, G Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, RP Johnson, TJ Johnson, WN Johnston, S Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kawai, N Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kocian, ML Kramer, M Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Makeev, A Manchester, RN Marelli, M Mazziotta, MN McConville, W McEnery, JE McLaughlin, MA Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Ransom, SM Ray, PS Razzano, M Rea, N Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ritz, S Rochester, LS Rodriguez, AY Romani, RW Roth, M Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sanchez, D Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Scargle, JD Schalk, TL Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Stappers, BW Starck, JL Striani, E Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Theureau, G Thompson, DJ Thorsett, SE Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Van Etten, A Vasileiou, V Venter, C Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wallace, E Wang, P Watters, K Webb, N Weltevrede, P Winer, BL Wood, KS Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Atwood, W. B. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Baring, M. G. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. M. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Bignami, G. F. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. H. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Camilo, F. Caraveo, P. A. Carlson, P. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cognard, I. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. R. Conrad, J. Corbet, R. Cutini, S. Dermer, C. D. Desvignes, G. de Angelis, A. de Luca, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. Dormody, M. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Edmonds, Y. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Focke, W. B. Frailis, M. Freire, P. C. C. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hobbs, G. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, T. J. Johnson, W. N. Johnston, S. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kocian, M. L. Kramer, M. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Makeev, A. Manchester, R. N. Marelli, M. Mazziotta, M. N. McConville, W. McEnery, J. E. McLaughlin, M. A. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Ransom, S. M. Ray, P. S. Razzano, M. Rea, N. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Rochester, L. S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Romani, R. W. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. W. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Scargle, J. D. Schalk, T. L. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Stappers, B. W. Starck, J. L. Striani, E. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Theureau, G. Thompson, D. J. Thorsett, S. E. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Van Etten, A. Vasileiou, V. Venter, C. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wallace, E. Wang, P. Watters, K. Webb, N. Weltevrede, P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI A Population of Gamma-Ray Millisecond Pulsars Seen with the Fermi Large Area Telescope SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SPACE-TELESCOPE; RADIO PULSARS; EMISSION; DISCOVERY AB Pulsars are born with subsecond spin periods and slow by electromagnetic braking for several tens of millions of years, when detectable radiation ceases. A second life can occur for neutron stars in binary systems. They can acquire mass and angular momentum from their companions, to be spun up to millisecond periods and begin radiating again. We searched Fermi Large Area Telescope data for pulsations from all known millisecond pulsars (MSPs) outside of globular clusters, using rotation parameters from radio telescopes. Strong gamma-ray pulsations were detected for eight MSPs. The gamma-ray pulse profiles and spectral properties resemble those of young gamma-ray pulsars. The basic emission mechanism seems to be the same for MSPs and young pulsars, with the emission originating in regions far from the neutron star surface. C1 [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lovellette, M. N.; Parent, D.; Smith, D. A.] Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Makeev, A.; Ray, P. S.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Edmonds, Y.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Van Etten, A.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.; Watters, K.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Dormody, M.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. W.; Schalk, T. L.; Thorsett, S. E.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Axelsson, M.; Carlson, P.; Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmo Particle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Starck, J. L.] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, CEA Saclay, CEA IRFU CNRS,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Makeev, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Makeev, A.] Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Baring, M. G.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Baughman, B. M.; Hughes, R. E.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bignami, G. F.; de Luca, A.] Ist Univ Studi Super, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Giebels, B.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.; Roth, M.; Wallace, E.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Camilo, F.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.; Marelli, M.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Carlson, P.; Conrad, J.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Celik, Oe; Cheung, C. C.; Corbet, R.; Gehrels, N.; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; McEnery, J. E.; Ritz, S.; Thompson, D. J.; Venter, C.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cognard, I.; Desvignes, G.; Theureau, G.] CNRS, UMR 6115, Lab Phys & Chim Environm, F-45071 Orleans, France. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, Montpellier, France. [Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Corbet, R.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] ASI, Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Dumora, D.; Reposeur, T.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Coll Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. H.; Johnson, T. J.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; McConville, W.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Freire, P. C. C.] Arecibo Observ, Arecibo, PR 00612 USA. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.; Johnson, T. J.; McConville, W.; Mizuno, T.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Hobbs, G.; Johnston, S.; Manchester, R. N.; Weltevrede, P.] CSIRO, Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Kataoka, J.; Latronico, L.] Waseda Univ, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698050, Japan. [Kawai, N.] RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Cosm Radiat Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Kawai, N.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.; Webb, N.] UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, CNRS, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Kramer, M.; Stappers, B. W.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [McLaughlin, M. A.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Moiseev, A. A.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Morselli, A.; Striani, E.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Ransom, S. M.] NRAO, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Rea, N.] Sterrenkundig Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Rea, N.; Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEECCSIC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB RealTime Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Striani, E.; Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Torres, D. F.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] Consorzio Interuniv Fis Spaziale, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Venter, C.] NorthWest Univ, Unit Space Phys, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Brez, A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Edmonds, Y.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Van Etten, A.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.; Watters, K.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Dormody, M.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schalk, T. L.; Thorsett, S. E.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. RP Guillemot, L (reprint author), Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. EM guillemo@cenbg.in2p3.fr; tyrel.j.johnson@nasa.gov; kerrm@u.washington.edu; smith@cenbg.in2p3.fr RI Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; Starck, Jean-Luc/D-9467-2011; Venter, Christo/E-6884-2011; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Saz Parkinson, Pablo Miguel/I-7980-2013; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Rea, Nanda/I-2853-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; OI Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278; Ransom, Scott/0000-0001-5799-9714; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; De Luca, Andrea/0000-0001-6739-687X; Bignami, Giovanni/0000-0001-9582-2450; Thorsett, Stephen/0000-0002-2025-9613; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Starck, Jean-Luc/0000-0003-2177-7794; Venter, Christo/0000-0002-2666-4812; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Rea, Nanda/0000-0003-2177-6388; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214 FU NASA; U.S. Department of Energy; Commissariat a l Energie Atomique/IRFU; CNRS/Institut National de Physique Nuclaire et de Physique des Particules (France); Agenzia Spaziale Italiana; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (Italy); Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (Japan); K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; National Space Board (Sweden); Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (Italy); Commonwealth Government; CSIRO FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration is supported by NASA and the U.S. Department of Energy; the Commissariat a l Energie Atomique/IRFU and CNRS/Institut National de Physique Nuclaire et de Physique des Particules (France); the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (Italy); the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (Japan); and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, Swedish Research Council, and National Space Board (Sweden). Additional analysis during the operations phase was provided by the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (Italy). The Parkes telescope is funded by the Commonwealth Government and is managed by CSIRO. The GBT is operated by the NRAO, a facility of NSF operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities Inc. The Arecibo Observatory is part of the National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center, operated by Cornell University under a cooperative agreement with NSF. The Nancay Radio Telescope is operated by the Paris Observatory, associated with the CNRS. The Lovell Telescope is owned and operated by the University of Manchester with support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. The Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope is operated by ASTRON in the Netherlands NR 39 TC 148 Z9 148 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 14 PY 2009 VL 325 IS 5942 BP 848 EP 852 DI 10.1126/science.1176113 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 487AK UT WOS:000269242400039 PM 19574349 ER PT J AU Zhang, JL Reid, JS AF Zhang, Jianglong Reid, Jeffrey S. TI An analysis of clear sky and contextual biases using an operational over ocean MODIS aerosol product SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Clear sky and other cloud-related contextual biases are critical yet unsolved mysteries for aerosol related climatological studies using satellite observations. For the first time, we simulated contextual biases over ocean using 2-years of Navy Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System (NAAPS) products that include the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aerosol optical depth (AOD) assimilation. We compared model-derived AOD in regions with and without observations, and found that sampling results in negligible seasonal globally averaged AOD bias (<5%). Biases are more pronounced in regions with frequent overcast skies and high aerosol loadings, such as Southeast Asia, and mid-latitude South America. This suggests that contextual biases may develop from transport covariance and other observing biases. Lastly, we found that over remote oceans, under cloud decks, a slight increase aerosol optical depth values could exist, comparing with cloud free regions. But this is still small relative to cloud artifacts in the retrieval. Citation: Zhang, J., and J. S. Reid (2009), An analysis of clear sky and contextual biases using an operational over ocean MODIS aerosol product, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L15824, doi:10.1029/2009GL038723. C1 [Zhang, Jianglong] Univ N Dakota, Dept Atmospher Sci, Grand Forks, ND USA. [Reid, Jeffrey S.] USN, Marine Meteorol Div, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Zhang, JL (reprint author), Univ N Dakota, Dept Atmospher Sci, 4149 Univ Ave,Stop 9006, Grand Forks, ND USA. EM jzhang@atmos.und.edu RI Reid, Jeffrey/B-7633-2014 OI Reid, Jeffrey/0000-0002-5147-7955 FU Office of Naval Research Code 322; Office of Naval Research Young Investigator Program; NASA Interdisciplinary Science Program FX This research was funded by the Office of Naval Research Code 322, the Office of Naval Research Young Investigator Program, and the NASA Interdisciplinary Science Program. We thank Cindy Curtis of NRL for her help processing data and imagery for this study. NR 10 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 13 PY 2009 VL 36 AR L15824 DI 10.1029/2009GL038723 PG 6 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 484EN UT WOS:000269026500002 ER PT J AU Faix, DJ Sherman, SS Waterman, SH AF Faix, Dennis J. Sherman, Sterling S. Waterman, Steven H. TI Rapid-Test Sensitivity for Novel Swine-Origin Influenza A (H1N1) Virus in Humans SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Faix, Dennis J.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Sherman, Sterling S.] USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Waterman, Steven H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, San Diego, CA USA. RP Faix, DJ (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. EM dennis.faix@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 4 TC 186 Z9 191 U1 0 U2 8 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD AUG 13 PY 2009 VL 361 IS 7 BP 728 EP 729 DI 10.1056/NEJMc0904264 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 482JX UT WOS:000268884100030 PM 19564634 ER PT J AU Epshteyn, A Purdy, AP Pettigrew, KA Miller, JB Stroud, RM AF Epshteyn, Albert Purdy, Andrew P. Pettigrew, Katherine A. Miller, Joel B. Stroud, Rhonda M. TI Sonochemical Synthesis of Air-Insensitive Carbide-Stabilized Hafnium Subhydride Nanopowder SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID ZIRCONIUM; NANOPARTICLES; ULTRASOUND; COMPLEXES; CHEMISTRY; METALS C1 [Epshteyn, Albert; Purdy, Andrew P.; Pettigrew, Katherine A.; Miller, Joel B.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Stroud, Rhonda M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Epshteyn, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM albert.epshteyn@nrl.navy.mil RI Stroud, Rhonda/C-5503-2008 OI Stroud, Rhonda/0000-0001-5242-8015 FU ONR FX We thank ONR for continuing support. We thank ASEE for providing the NRL Research Associateship to A. Epshteyn. Thank you to Arthur Snow and John N. Russell, Jr. for lielpf'ul discussions. Also, thanks to ApUrva Sisodia. NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 EI 1520-5002 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD AUG 11 PY 2009 VL 21 IS 15 BP 3469 EP 3472 DI 10.1021/cm9014817 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 477MN UT WOS:000268523300001 ER PT J AU Leski, TA Lin, B Malanoski, AP Wang, Z Long, NC Meador, CE Barrows, B Ibrahim, S Hardick, JP Aitichou, M Schnur, JM Tibbetts, C Stenger, DA AF Leski, Tomasz A. Lin, Baochuan Malanoski, Anthony P. Wang, Zheng Long, Nina C. Meador, Carolyn E. Barrows, Brian Ibrahim, Sofi Hardick, Justin P. Aitichou, Mohamed Schnur, Joel M. Tibbetts, Clark Stenger, David A. TI Testing and Validation of High Density Resequencing Microarray for Broad Range Biothreat Agents Detection SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BIOLOGICAL THREAT AGENTS; DNA MICROARRAYS; PATHOGEN IDENTIFICATION; UNIVERSAL DETECTION; SPECTRUM; DESIGN; ARRAY; SEQUENCE; PATTERN; SYSTEM AB Rapid and effective detection and identification of emerging microbiological threats and potential biowarfare agents is very challenging when using traditional culture-based methods. Contemporary molecular techniques, relying upon reverse transcription and/or polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR/PCR) provide a rapid and effective alternative, however, such assays are generally designed and optimized to detect only a limited number of targets, and seldom are capable of differentiation among variants of detected targets. To meet these challenges, we have designed a broad-range resequencing pathogen microarray (RPM) for detection of tropical and emerging infectious agents (TEI) including biothreat agents: RPM-TEI v 1.0 (RPM-TEI). The scope of the RPM-TEI assay enables detection and differential identification of 84 types of pathogens and 13 toxin genes, including most of the class A, B and C select agents as defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, Atlanta, GA). Due to the high risks associated with handling these particular target pathogens, the sensitivity validation of the RPM-TEI has been performed using an innovative approach, in which synthetic DNA fragments are used as templates for testing the assay's limit of detection (LOD). Assay specificity and sensitivity was subsequently confirmed by testing with full-length genomic nucleic acids of selected agents. The LOD for a majority of the agents detected by RPM-TEI was determined to be at least 10 4 copies per test. Our results also show that the RPM-TEI assay not only detects and identifies agents, but is also able to differentiate near neighbors of the same agent types, such as closely related strains of filoviruses of the Ebola Zaire group, or the Machupo and Lassa arenaviruses. Furthermore, each RPM-TEI assay results in specimen-specific agent gene sequence information that can be used to assess pathogenicity, mutations, and virulence markers, results that are not generally available from multiplexed RT-PCR/PCR-based detection assays. C1 [Leski, Tomasz A.; Lin, Baochuan; Malanoski, Anthony P.; Wang, Zheng; Barrows, Brian; Stenger, David A.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Leski, Tomasz A.; Long, Nina C.; Meador, Carolyn E.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA USA. [Barrows, Brian] USN, Res Lab, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ibrahim, Sofi] USAMRIID, Frederick, MD USA. [Hardick, Justin P.; Aitichou, Mohamed] Akimeka, Frederick, MD USA. [Schnur, Joel M.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Tibbetts, Clark] TessArae LLC, Potomac Falls, VA USA. RP Leski, TA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM david.stenger@nrl.navy.mil RI Malanoski, Anthony/C-7814-2011; Leski, Tomasz/K-6916-2013; Lin, Baochuan/A-8390-2009 OI Malanoski, Anthony/0000-0001-6192-888X; Leski, Tomasz/0000-0001-7688-9887; Lin, Baochuan/0000-0002-9484-0785 FU Office of Naval Research FX The funding for developing RPM-TEI 1.0 array was provided by the Office of Naval Research. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 34 TC 37 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 11 PY 2009 VL 4 IS 8 AR e6569 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0006569 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 483BA UT WOS:000268935600004 PM 19668365 ER PT J AU Metcalf, TH Pate, BB Photiadis, DM Houston, BH AF Metcalf, Thomas H. Pate, Bradford B. Photiadis, Douglas M. Houston, Brian H. TI Thermoelastic damping in micromechanical resonators SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE annealing; damping; elemental semiconductors; micromechanical resonators; plates (structures); silicon; thermoelasticity ID QUALITY FACTORS; CANTILEVERS AB We show that the dominant energy loss mechanism in plate modes of a 1.5 mu m thick silicon micromechanical resonator is thermoelastic damping. In situ ultra-high vacuum annealing lowers the dissipation of two neighboring resonance modes (460 and 510 kHz) at 120 K to Q(-1)< 5x10(-7). From 120 to 400 K, the Q(-1) of these modes increase at different rates, in quantitative agreement with a modification (that accounts for mode shape) of Zener's theory of thermoelastic damping. C1 [Metcalf, Thomas H.; Pate, Bradford B.; Photiadis, Douglas M.; Houston, Brian H.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Metcalf, TH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM tom.metcalf@nrl.navy.mil RI Pate, Bradford/B-4752-2010 OI Pate, Bradford/0000-0002-3288-2947 FU Office of Naval Research FX We thank Jeff Baldwin and Maxim Zalalutdinov for their assistance with resonator preparation, and we acknowledge Sarah Bruner for assistance in some of the measurements. This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research. NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 10 PY 2009 VL 95 IS 6 AR 061903 DI 10.1063/1.3190509 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 484PZ UT WOS:000269060600012 ER PT J AU Baines, EK McAlister, HA Ten Brummelaar, TA Sturmann, J Sturmann, L Turner, NH Ridgway, ST AF Baines, Ellyn K. McAlister, Harold A. Ten Brummelaar, Theo A. Sturmann, Judit Sturmann, Laszlo Turner, Nils H. Ridgway, Stephen T. TI ELEVEN EXOPLANET HOST STAR ANGULAR DIAMETERS FROM THE CHARA ARRAY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE infrared: stars; planetary systems; stars: fundamental parameters; techniques: interferometric ID PROTOTYPE OPTICAL INTERFEROMETER; EFFECTIVE TEMPERATURES; M-GIANTS; PHOTOMETRIC VARIABILITY; BINARY STARS; MASS STARS; K-GIANTS; F-DWARF; PLANET; CATALOG AB We directly measured the angular diameters for 11 exoplanet host stars using Georgia State University's CHARA Array interferometer and calculated their linear radii and effective temperatures. The sample tends toward evolving or evolved stars and includes one dwarf, four subgiants, and six giants. We then estimated masses and ages for the stars using our effective temperatures combined with metallicity measurements from the literature. C1 [Baines, Ellyn K.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Baines, Ellyn K.; McAlister, Harold A.; Ten Brummelaar, Theo A.; Sturmann, Judit; Sturmann, Laszlo; Turner, Nils H.] Georgia State Univ, Ctr High Angular Resolut Astron, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA. [Ridgway, Stephen T.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Kitt Peak Natl Observ, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA. RP Baines, EK (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ellyn.baines.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; hal@chara.gsu.edu; theo@chara-array.org; judit@chara-array.org; sturmann@chara-array.org; nils@chara-array.org; ridgway@noao.edu FU National Science Foundation [AST-0606958]; Georgia State University; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation FX Many thanks to P. J. Goldfinger and Chris Farrington for their invaluable assistance in obtaining the data used here, and to Tabetha Boyajian for her very helpful suggestions. The CHARA Array is funded by the National Science Foundation through the NSF grant AST-0606958 and by Georgia State University through the College of Arts and Sciences. This research has made use of the SIMBAD literature database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France, and of NASA's Astrophysics Data System. This publication also makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. NR 49 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2009 VL 701 IS 1 BP 154 EP 162 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/701/1/154 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 475ES UT WOS:000268341800015 ER PT J AU Robbrecht, E Patsourakos, S Vourlidas, A AF Robbrecht, Eva Patsourakos, Spiros Vourlidas, Angelos TI NO TRACE LEFT BEHIND: STEREO OBSERVATION OF A CORONAL MASS EJECTION WITHOUT LOW CORONAL SIGNATURES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE solar; terrestrial relations; Sun: activity; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun: filaments ID SOLAR-FLARE MYTH; MAGNETIC STORMS; SUN; CMES; ASSOCIATION; STREAMER; EARTH; TEMPERATURE; FILAMENTS; ORIGIN AB The availability of high-quality synoptic observations of the extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) and visible corona during the SOHO mission has advanced our understanding of the low corona manifestations of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The EUV imager/white light coronagraph connection has been proven so powerful, it is routinely assumed that if no EUV signatures are present when a CME is observed by a coronagraph, then the event must originate behind the visible limb. This assumption carries strong implications for space weather forecasting but has not been put to the test. This paper presents the first detailed analysis of a frontside, large-scale CME that has no obvious counterparts in the low corona as observed in EUV and H alpha wavelengths. The event was observed by the SECCHI instruments onboard the STEREO mission. The COR2A coronagraph observed a slow flux-rope-type CME, while an extremely faint partial halo was observed in COR2B. The event evolved very slowly and is typical of the streamer-blowout CME class. EUVI A 171 angstrom images show a concave feature above the east limb, relatively stable for about two days before the eruption, when it rises into the coronagraphic fields and develops into the core of the CME. None of the typical low corona signatures of a CME (flaring, EUV dimming, filament eruption, waves) were observed in the EUVI B images, which we attribute to the unusually large height from which the flux rope lifted off. This interpretation is supported by the CME mass measurements and estimates of the expected EUV dimming intensity. Only thanks to the availability of the two viewpoints we were able to identify the likely source region. The event originated along a neutral line over the quiet-Sun. No active regions were present anywhere on the visible (from STEREO B) face of the disk. Leaving no trace behind on the solar disk, this observation shows unambiguously that a CME eruption does not need to have clear on-disk signatures. Also it sheds light on the question of "mystery" geomagnetic storms, storms without clear solar origin (formerly called problem storms). We discuss the implications for space weather monitoring. Preliminary inspection of STEREO data indicates that events like this are not uncommon, particularly during the ongoing period of deep solar minimum. C1 [Robbrecht, Eva; Patsourakos, Spiros] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Vourlidas, Angelos] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Robbrecht, E (reprint author), George Mason Univ, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM Eva.Robbrecht.ctr.be@nrl.navy.mil RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009 OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948 NR 45 TC 81 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2009 VL 701 IS 1 BP 283 EP 291 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/701/1/283 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 475ES UT WOS:000268341800024 ER PT J AU Kahler, SW Tylka, AJ Reames, DV AF Kahler, S. W. Tylka, A. J. Reames, D. V. TI A COMPARISON OF ELEMENTAL ABUNDANCE RATIOS IN SEP EVENTS IN FAST AND SLOW SOLAR WIND REGIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; solar wind; Sun: abundances; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun: particle emission ID ENERGETIC PARTICLE EVENTS; CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; SEED POPULATION; INTERPLANETARY SHOCKS; SUPRATHERMAL TAILS; 1 AU; GRADUAL EVENTS; ION POPULATION; DRIVEN SHOCKS; HIGH-ENERGIES AB The solar energetic (E > 1 MeV nucleon(-1)) particles (SEPs) observed in gradual events at 1 AU are assumed to be accelerated by coronal/interplanetary shocks from ambient thermal or suprathermal seed particles. If so, then the elemental abundances of SEPs produced in different solar wind (SW) stream types (transient, fast, and slow) might be systematically distinguished from each other. We look for these differences in SEP energy spectra and in elemental abundance ratios (including Mg/Ne and Fe/C, which compare low/high first ionization potential elements), in a large number of SEP time intervals over the past solar cycle. The SW regions are characterized by the three-component stream classification of Richardson et al. Our survey shows no significant compositional or energy spectral differences in the 5-10 MeV nucleon(-1) range for SEP events of different SW stream types. This result extends the earlier finding that SEP events are observed frequently in fast SW streams, although their higher Alfven and SW flow speeds should constrain SEP production by coronal mass ejection-driven shocks in those regions. We discuss the implications of our results for shock seed populations and cross-field propagation. C1 [Kahler, S. W.] USAF, Res Lab, RVBXS, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. [Tylka, A. J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Reames, D. V.] Univ Maryland, Inst Phys Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Kahler, SW (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, RVBXS, 29 Randolph Rd, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. EM AFRL.RVB.PA@hanscom.af.mil RI Tylka, Allan/G-9592-2014 FU Office of Naval Research; NASA DPR [NNG06EC55I]; AFOSR [2301RDZ4] FX A.J.T. was supported by the Office of Naval Research and NASA DPR NNG06EC55I. SWK was partially funded by AFOSR task 2301RDZ4. NR 59 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2009 VL 701 IS 1 BP 561 EP 570 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/701/1/561 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 475ES UT WOS:000268341800048 ER PT J AU Jiang, G Shi, M Conteh, S Richie, N Banania, G Geneshan, H Valencia, A Singh, P Aguiar, J Limbach, K Kamrud, KI Rayner, J Smith, J Bruder, JT King, CR Tsuboi, T Takeo, S Endo, Y Doolan, DL Richie, TL Weiss, WR AF Jiang, George Shi, Meng Conteh, Solomon Richie, Nancy Banania, Glenna Geneshan, Harini Valencia, Anais Singh, Priti Aguiar, Joao Limbach, Keith Kamrud, Kurt I. Rayner, Jonathan Smith, Jonathan Bruder, Joseph T. King, C. Richter Tsuboi, Takafumi Takeo, Satoru Endo, Yaeta Doolan, Denise L. Richie, Thomas L. Weiss, Walter R. TI Sterile Protection against Plasmodium knowlesi in Rhesus Monkeys from a Malaria Vaccine: Comparison of Heterologous Prime Boost Strategies SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article AB Using newer vaccine platforms which have been effective against malaria in rodent models, we tested five immunization regimens against Plasmodium knowlesi in rhesus monkeys. All vaccines included the same four P. knowlesi antigens: the pre-erythrocytic antigens CSP, SSP2, and erythrocytic antigens AMA1, MSP1. We used four vaccine platforms for prime or boost vaccinations: plasmids (DNA), alphavirus replicons (VRP), attenuated adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad), or attenuated poxvirus (Pox). These four platforms combined to produce five different prime/boost vaccine regimens: Pox alone, VRP/Pox, VRP/Ad, Ad/Pox, and DNA/Pox. Five rhesus monkeys were immunized with each regimen, and five Control monkeys received a mock vaccination. The time to complete vaccinations was 420 days. All monkeys were challenged twice with 100 P. knowlesi sporozoites given IV. The first challenge was given 12 days after the last vaccination, and the monkeys receiving the DNA/Pox vaccine were the best protected, with 3/5 monkeys sterilely protected and 1/5 monkeys that self-cured its parasitemia. There was no protection in monkeys that received Pox malaria vaccine alone without previous priming. The second sporozoite challenge was given 4 months after the first. All 4 monkeys that were protected in the first challenge developed malaria in the second challenge. DNA, VRP and Ad5 vaccines all primed monkeys for strong immune responses after the Pox boost. We discuss the high level but short duration of protection in this experiment and the possible benefits of the long interval between prime and boost. RP Jiang, G (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Malaria Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM walter.weiss@verizon.net RI Doolan, Denise/F-1969-2015; OI Richie, Thomas/0000-0002-2946-5456 NR 39 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 10 PY 2009 VL 4 IS 8 AR e6559 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0006559 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 480YN UT WOS:000268773300001 PM 19668343 ER PT J AU Kelley, MC Wong, VK Aponte, N Coker, C Mannucci, AJ Komjathy, A AF Kelley, M. C. Wong, V. K. Aponte, Nestor Coker, Clayton Mannucci, A. J. Komjathy, A. TI Comparison of COSMIC occultation-based electron density profiles and TIP observations with Arecibo incoherent scatter radar data SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB In June 2006 an early opportunity arose to compare occultation-based electron density profiles with incoherent scatter radar data. The former were made available by the constellation of satellites called COSMIC. We find that the value of the peak plasma density in the F region is reasonably well characterized but that the altitude of the peak is overestimated above about 300 km and underestimated below that height. A simple Abel transform is not suitable for determining the E region profiles, even in daytime. We also compared the emission strength recorded by the Tiny Ionospheric Photometer (TIP) on board COSMIC to the Arecibo measurement of the TEC as part of an ongoing effort to calibrate the former. The TIP and Arecibo data both show the development of an ionospheric storm of the type referred to as high-intensity, long-duration continuous AE activity. It is surprising that such a modest magnetic storm (Dst similar to -2.5 nT) resulted in wthe anomaly moving to nearly 30 degrees magnetic latitude. C1 [Kelley, M. C.; Wong, V. K.] Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Aponte, Nestor] Natl Astron & Ionosphere Ctr, Arecibo Observ, Arecibo, PR 00612 USA. [Coker, Clayton] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mannucci, A. J.; Komjathy, A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Kelley, MC (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM mikek@ece.cornell.edu FU Cornell University; National Science Foundation; Office of Naval Research [N00014-03-10243] FX The Arecibo radar is operated by Cornell University under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. Work at Cornell was supported by the Office of Naval Research under grant N00014-03-10243. NR 7 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD AUG 8 PY 2009 VL 44 AR RS4011 DI 10.1029/2008RS004087 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA 481PM UT WOS:000268823800002 ER PT J AU Maus, S Barckhausen, U Berkenbosch, H Bournas, N Brozena, J Childers, V Dostaler, F Fairhead, JD Finn, C von Frese, RRB Gaina, C Golynsky, S Kucks, R Luhr, H Milligan, P Mogren, S Muller, RD Olesen, O Pilkington, M Saltus, R Schreckenberger, B Thebault, E Tontini, FC AF Maus, S. Barckhausen, U. Berkenbosch, H. Bournas, N. Brozena, J. Childers, V. Dostaler, F. Fairhead, J. D. Finn, C. von Frese, R. R. B. Gaina, C. Golynsky, S. Kucks, R. Luehr, H. Milligan, P. Mogren, S. Mueller, R. D. Olesen, O. Pilkington, M. Saltus, R. Schreckenberger, B. Thebault, E. Tontini, F. Caratori TI EMAG2: A 2-arc min resolution Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid compiled from satellite, airborne, and marine magnetic measurements SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE magnetic anomaly; magnetic grid; magnetic model ID CRUSTAL; OCEAN; FIELD; MAP AB A global Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid (EMAG2) has been compiled from satellite, ship, and airborne magnetic measurements. EMAG2 is a significant update of our previous candidate grid for the World Digital Magnetic Anomaly Map. The resolution has been improved from 3 arc min to 2 arc min, and the altitude has been reduced from 5 km to 4 km above the geoid. Additional grid and track line data have been included, both over land and the oceans. Wherever available, the original shipborne and airborne data were used instead of precompiled oceanic magnetic grids. Interpolation between sparse track lines in the oceans was improved by directional gridding and extrapolation, based on an oceanic crustal age model. The longest wavelengths (>330 km) were replaced with the latest CHAMP satellite magnetic field model MF6. EMAG2 is available at http://geomag.org/models/EMAG2 and for permanent archive at http://earthref.org/ cgi-bin/er.cgi?s=erda.cgi?n=970. C1 [Maus, S.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Maus, S.] NOAA, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Barckhausen, U.; Schreckenberger, B.] Fed Inst Geosci & Nat Resources, D-30655 Hannover, Germany. [Berkenbosch, H.] GNS Sci, Lower Hutt, New Zealand. [Bournas, N.] Geotech Ltd, Aurora, ON L4G 4C4, Canada. [Brozena, J.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Phys Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Childers, V.] NOAA, Natl Geodet Survey, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Dostaler, F.; Pilkington, M.] Geol Survey Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E9, Canada. [Fairhead, J. D.] GETECH, Leeds LS8 2LJ, W Yorkshire, England. [Fairhead, J. D.] Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Finn, C.; Kucks, R.; Saltus, R.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [von Frese, R. R. B.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Gaina, C.; Olesen, O.] Geol Survey Norway, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. [Golynsky, S.] All Russian Res Inst Geol & Mineral Resources Wor, St Petersburg 190121, Russia. [Luehr, H.] German Res Ctr Geosci, Helmholtz Ctr Potsdam, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. [Milligan, P.] Geosci Australia, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Mogren, S.] King Saud Univ, Coll Sci, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. [Mueller, R. D.] Univ Sydney, Sch Geosci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Thebault, E.] Inst Phys Globe, F-75252 Paris, France. [Tontini, F. Caratori] Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, I-19020 Fezzano, Italy. RP Maus, S (reprint author), Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM stefan.maus@noaa.gov RI Berkenbosch, Heidi/D-3969-2011; Thebault, Erwan/A-5670-2011; Gaina, Carmen/I-5213-2015; OI Caratori Tontini, Fabio/0000-0002-2000-416X FU Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) FX Last but not least, the operational support of the CHAMP mission by the German Aerospace Center (DLR) and the financial support for the data processing by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) are gratefully acknowledged. NR 31 TC 114 Z9 128 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 1525-2027 J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. PD AUG 7 PY 2009 VL 10 AR Q08005 DI 10.1029/2009GC002471 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 481NK UT WOS:000268818100001 ER PT J AU Mushrush, GW Willauer, HD Bauserman, JW Williams, FW AF Mushrush, George W. Willauer, Heather D. Bauserman, Joy W. Williams, Frederick W. TI Incompatibility of Fischer-Tropsch Diesel with Petroleum and Soybean Biodiesel Blends SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID INSTABILITY; FUELS; OIL AB The Department of Defense is the largest consumer of middle distillate fuels. It has been recommended that alternative fuel sources be considered as replacements or blending stocks for middle distillate ground transportation and marine fuels. Therefore, the search for suitable replacements or blending stocks is earnestly continuing. Renewable agricultural crops such as soybeans and others are now in the forefront. Nonrenewable synthetic fuels such as those produced by Fischer-Tropsch, FT, synthesis from coal and natural gas have been suggested. It is probable that several of these substitutes would be simultaneously blended into a middle distillate petroleum based diesel fuel. Care must be employed when blending fuels so that fuel specifications and storage stability are not decreased. This paper compares the storage stability of a three-part mixture consisting of Fischer-Tropsch diesel, a petroleum diesel, and a 5% and 10% soy biodiesel under ambient conditions. C1 [Mushrush, George W.; Willauer, Heather D.; Williams, Frederick W.] USN, Res Lab, Navy Technol Ctr Safety & Survivabil, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mushrush, George W.] George Mason Univ, Dept Chem, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Bauserman, Joy W.] NOVA Res, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. RP Mushrush, GW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Navy Technol Ctr Safety & Survivabil, Code 6180,4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM gmushrus@gmu.edu FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research both directly and through the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD AUG 5 PY 2009 VL 48 IS 15 BP 7364 EP 7367 DI 10.1021/ie801867t PG 4 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 476XG UT WOS:000268479500055 ER PT J AU Huba, JD Joyce, G Krall, J Fedder, J AF Huba, J. D. Joyce, G. Krall, J. Fedder, J. TI Ion and electron temperature evolution during equatorial spread F SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LOW-LATITUDE IONOSPHERE; TOPSIDE IONOSPHERE; REGION; MODEL AB The first simulation study of ion (O(+) and H(+)) and electron temperature evolution during equatorial spread F (ESF) is presented. The simulation results are based on the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) SAMI3/ESF three-dimensional code. It is found that the ions and electrons undergo both cooling and heating during bubble evolution. The main cause of cooling is adiabatic, associated with the increase of the flux tube volume as the plasma bubble rises. Ion heating is primarily caused by the compression of ions as they stream down the converging magnetic field. The electrons are heated by collisional coupling with the ions. Additionally, it is found that the electrons are heated at high altitudes (greater than or similar to 1200 km) because of thermal conduction, and that hydrogen ions can be heated at relatively low altitudes (similar or equal to 300 km) because of ion-neutral frictional heating. We compare the simulation results with observations from the ROCSAT and Hinotori satellites. Citation: Huba, J. D., G. Joyce, J. Krall, and J. Fedder (2009), Ion and electron temperature evolution during equatorial spread F, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L15102, doi:10.1029/2009GL038872. C1 [Huba, J. D.; Krall, J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Joyce, G.; Fedder, J.] Icarus Res Inc, Bethesda, MD 20824 USA. RP Huba, JD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Code 6790, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM huba@ppd.nrl.navy.mil FU NASA; ONR FX We thank John Retterer for suggesting this study. This research has been supported by NASA and ONR. NR 21 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 4 PY 2009 VL 36 AR L15102 DI 10.1029/2009GL038872 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 481NW UT WOS:000268819400004 ER PT J AU Kurti, RS Halterman, K Shori, RK Wardlaw, MJ AF Kurti, R. Steven Halterman, Klaus Shori, Ramesh K. Wardlaw, Michael J. TI Discrete Cylindrical Vector Beam Generation from an Array of Optical Fibers SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID RADIALLY POLARIZED BEAMS; LASER-BEAM; COHERENT BEAM; BIREFRINGENCE; COMBINATION; AZIMUTHAL; DEVICE; PRISM; MODE AB A novel method is presented for the beam shaping of far field intensity distributions of coherently combined fiber arrays. The fibers are arranged uniformly on the perimeter of a circle, and the linearly polarized beams of equal shape are superimposed such that the far field pattern represents an effective radially polarized vector beam, or discrete cylindrical vector (DCV) beam. The DCV beam is produced by three or more beams that each individually have a varying polarization vector. The beams are appropriately distributed in the near field such that the far field intensity distribution has a central null. This result is in contrast to the situation of parallel linearly polarized beams, where the intensity peaks on axis. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America C1 [Kurti, R. Steven; Halterman, Klaus; Shori, Ramesh K.] USN, Res & Intelligence Dept, Div Phys, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. [Wardlaw, Michael J.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Kurti, RS (reprint author), USN, Res & Intelligence Dept, Div Phys, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM klaus.halterman@navy.mil RI Halterman, Klaus/G-3826-2012; OI Halterman, Klaus/0000-0002-6355-3134 FU DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Program (HPCMP); NAVAIRs ILIR program sponsored by ONR FX This project was supported in part by a grant of supercomputer resources provided by the DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Program (HPCMP) and NAVAIRs ILIR program sponsored by ONR. NR 31 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 10 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD AUG 3 PY 2009 VL 17 IS 16 BP 13982 EP 13988 DI 10.1364/OE.17.013982 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 481WQ UT WOS:000268843700075 PM 19654806 ER PT J AU Qidwai, MAS Lewis, AC Geltmacher, AB AF Qidwai, M. A. Siddiq Lewis, Alexis C. Geltmacher, Andrew B. TI Using image-based computational modeling to study microstructure-yield correlations in metals SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Titanium alloys; Microstructure; Yield phenomena; Finite-element modeling (FEM); Image-based modeling ID POLYCRYSTALLINE MICRO STRUCTURES; FINITE-ELEMENT-METHOD; CRYSTAL PLASTICITY; PART 2; INTRAGRANULAR BEHAVIOR; AUTOMATED-ANALYSIS; STRAIN FIELDS; CRACK-GROWTH; GRAIN-SIZE; DEFORMATION AB The potential of image-based computational modeling for determining the microstructural features that cause initial plastic flow (yield) in metals is investigated using a beta-Ti alloy as the focus material. A high-fidelity three-dimensional (3-D) morphological and crystallographic description of approximately 100 metallic grains is embedded into crystal plasticity finite-element models to analyze the microscale heterogeneity of material response under a set of loading conditions applied at the mesoscale. Preliminary results show that regardless of the globally applied loading condition most of the plastic flow initially occurs generally within only one of the two grains at a grain boundary. Additionally, it was determined that initial local plastic slip is suppressed in a compliant grain neighbored by relatively stiff grains under multiple loading conditions. Overall, the analysis demonstrates that the image-based modeling framework should be used in conjunction with sophisticated data-mining tools for identification of microstructure-property correlations in polycrystalline metals provided a statistically relevant number of grains are accommodated in the models. However, smaller volumes may still be used to investigate the local effect of microstructural features on mechanical behavior. (C) 2009 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Qidwai, M. A. Siddiq] USN, Res Lab, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lewis, Alexis C.; Geltmacher, Andrew B.] USN, Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Qidwai, MAS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Code 6350,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM muhammad.a.qidwai@nrl.navy.mil OI Qidwai, Siddiq/0000-0002-2389-118X FU Office of Naval Research and Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency [N0001407WX20381] FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research and Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency under Grant No. N0001407WX20381 (Dr. Julie Christodoulou, program manager). FE simulations were performed through the DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Program. The authors also wish to express their gratitude to Dr. David Rowenhorst for providing reconstruction data and to Mr. Leroy Levenberry for significant efforts in performing the serial sectioning and optical microscopy for this work. NR 44 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 57 IS 14 BP 4233 EP 4247 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2009.05.021 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 479IN UT WOS:000268653000027 ER PT J AU Su, WL Alzaghal, M AF Su, Weilian Alzaghal, Mohamad TI Channel propagation characteristics of wireless MICAz sensor nodes SO AD HOC NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE Wireless sensor networks; Propagation characteristics; MICAz motes AB Wireless sensor nodes are envisioned to be deployed in the urban and indoor environments. With the advancement of technologies, Such as nano-wires and molecular circuits, sensor nodes will become small, cheap and power efficient. At present, many researchers ire implementing and developing protocols with MICAz motes. Thus, it is important to understand the propagation characteristics of the MICAz motes. Antenna patterns and interferences are measured. In addition, software models of the mote and environment are created with the CST Microwave Studio and Rhino; afterwards, they are feed into Urbana and are Simulated. The simulated and measured results are compared, thus, validating the correctness of models, which are later used to simulate the urban and indoor environments in Urbana. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Su, Weilian; Alzaghal, Mohamad] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Su, WL (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 833 Dyer Rd,Rm 452 Sp 232, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM weilian@nps.edu; malzagha@nps.edu OI Alzaghal, Mohamad H./0000-0002-5098-9422 NR 11 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-8705 J9 AD HOC NETW JI Ad Hoc Netw. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 7 IS 6 BP 1183 EP 1193 DI 10.1016/j.adhoc.2008.10.007 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA 442RN UT WOS:000265858400012 ER PT J AU Liu, JH Kailasanath, K Ramamurti, R Munday, D Gutmark, E Lohner, R AF Liu, Junhui Kailasanath, K. Ramamurti, Ravi Munday, David Gutmark, Ephraim Lohner, Rainald TI Large-Eddy Simulations of a Supersonic Jet and Its Near-Field Acoustic Properties SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition CY JAN 05-08, 2009 CL Orlando, FL SP AIAA ID SHOCK ASSOCIATED NOISE; SCREECH TONES; ALGORITHM; SOUND; FCT AB Large-eddy simulations of imperfectly expanded jet flows from a convergent-divergent nozzle with a sharp contraction at the nozzle throat have been carried out. The flowfield and near-field acoustics for various total pressure ratios from overexpanded to underexpanded jet flow conditions have been investigated. The location and spacing of the shock cells are in good agreement with experimental data and previous theoretical results. The velocity profiles are also in good agreement with data from experimental measurements. A Mach disk is observed immediately downstream of the nozzle exit for overexpanded jet conditions with nozzle pressure ratios much lower than the fully expanded value. It is found that this type of nozzle with a sharp turning throat does not have a shock-free condition for supersonic jet flows. The near-field intensities of pressure fluctuations show wavy structures for cases in which screech tones are observed. The large-eddy simulations predictions of the near-field noise intensities show good agreement with those obtained from experimental measurements. This good agreement shows that large-eddy simulations and measurements can play complementary roles in the investigation of the noise generation from supersonic jet flows. C1 [Liu, Junhui; Kailasanath, K.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr React Flow & Dynam Syst, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Munday, David; Gutmark, Ephraim] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Lohner, Rainald] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Liu, JH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr React Flow & Dynam Syst, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM JhLiu@lcp.nrl.navy.mil; kailas@lcp.nrl.navy.mil; ravi@lcp.nrl.navy.mil; David.munday@uc.edu; Ephraim.Gutmark@uc.edu; rlohner@gmu.edu OI Gutmark, Ephraim/0000-0001-7816-4257 NR 35 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 EI 1533-385X J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 47 IS 8 BP 1849 EP 1864 DI 10.2514/1.43281 PG 16 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 478RV UT WOS:000268606900005 ER PT J AU Ramsier, MA Glander, KE Finneran, JJ Cunningham, AJ Dominy, NJ AF Ramsier, M. A. Glander, K. E. Finneran, J. J. Cunningham, A. J. Dominy, N. J. TI HEARING, HOWLING, AND HOLLYWOOD: AUDITORY SENSITIVITY IN ALOUATTA PALLIATA IS ATTUNED TO HIGH-FREQUENCY INFANT DISTRESS CALLS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 32nd Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Primatologists CY SEP 18-21, 2009 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Soc Primatol, San Diego Zoo, Mira Costa Coll C1 [Ramsier, M. A.; Cunningham, A. J.; Dominy, N. J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Anthropol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Glander, K. E.] Duke Univ, Dept Evolutionary Anthropol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Finneran, J. J.] USN, Marine Mammal Program, SSC Pacific, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 14 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0275-2565 J9 AM J PRIMATOL JI Am. J. Primatol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 71 MA 121 BP 69 EP 69 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 488SJ UT WOS:000269369800122 ER PT J AU Park, DK Fogel, HA Bhatia, S Bach, BR Gupta, A Shewman, EF Wang, V Verma, N Provencher, LDCRMT AF Park, Daniel K. Fogel, Harold A. Bhatia, Sanjeev Bach, Bernard R., Jr. Gupta, Aman Shewman, Elizabeth F. Wang, Vincent Verma, Nikhil Provencher, L. D. C. R. Matthew T. TI Tibial Fixation of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Allograft Tendons Comparison of 1-, 2-, and 4-Stranded Constructs SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Meeting of the American-Orthopaedic-Society-for-Sports-Medicine CY JUL, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Orthopaed Soc Sports Med DE anterior cruciate ligament; tibia; fixation; interference screw; biomechanics ID INTERFERENCE SCREW FIXATION; HAMSTRING GRAFT FIXATION; BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; INSERTION TORQUE; TUNNEL FIXATION; SINGLE-CYCLE; RECONSTRUCTION; STRENGTH; FAILURE; SURGERY AB Background: In sum, 1-, 2-, and 4-stranded allografts are used for soft tissue anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction; however, the fixation properties of fixation devices are not well assessed. Hypothesis: There are no differences in the biomechanical characteristics of 1 (Achilles)-, 2 (posterior tibialis)-, and 4 (semitendinosus)-stranded allograft tibial fixation. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Sixty-three fresh-frozen porcine tibiae were used to evaluate the fixation of 1-, 2-, and 4-stranded human tendon allografts (Achilles, posterior tibialis, and semitendinosus) with 3 fixation devices (Delta, Intrafix, and Calaxo screws). With use of a materials testing system, each graft was subjected to 500 cycles of loading (50-250 N, 0.75 mm/sec) to determine displacement and cyclic stiffness, followed by a monotonic failure test (20 mm/min) to determine maximum load and pullout stiffness. Results: For each graft type, there were no significant biomechanical differences between fixation devices. However, the 1-stranded graft (Achilles) construct demonstrated significantly higher mean displacement (3.17 +/- 1.62 mm), lower cyclical stiffness (156 +/- 25 N/mm), lower load to failure (479 +/- 87 N), and lower pullout stiffness (140 +/- 28 N/mm). In comparison with the 2-stranded graft (posterior tibialis), the 4-stranded graft (semitendinosus) exhibited lower displacement (0.86 +/- 0.44 to 1.12 +/- 0.51 mm) and higher ultimate failure load (832 +/- 255 to 656 +/- 168 N). Numerous differences in fixation properties were noted when comparing a device to each of the 3 grafts. Conclusion: The 1-stranded allograft demonstrated inferior biomechanical tibial fixation properties when compared with 2 (posterior tibialis)-and 4 (semitendinosus)-stranded allograft constructs for all fixation devices tested. Clinical Relevance: This study demonstrated that not all tibial fixation devices are designed to adequately accommodate different types of anterior cruciate ligament allografts. Biomechanical evidence suggests that caution is warranted when using an Achilles allograft fixated solely with an interference device. C1 [Provencher, L. D. C. R. Matthew T.] USN, Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Div Sports Surg, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Park, Daniel K.; Fogel, Harold A.; Bhatia, Sanjeev; Bach, Bernard R., Jr.; Gupta, Aman; Shewman, Elizabeth F.; Wang, Vincent; Verma, Nikhil] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped Surg, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Provencher, LDCRMT (reprint author), USN, Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Div Sports Surg, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 112, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM matthew.provencher@med.navy.mil NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0363-5465 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 37 IS 8 BP 1531 EP 1538 DI 10.1177/0363546509332504 PG 8 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 474MY UT WOS:000268289400009 PM 19460814 ER PT J AU Shehata, MG Samy, AM Doha, SA Fahmy, AR Kaldas, RM Furman, BD Villinksi, JT AF Shehata, Magdi G. Samy, Abdallah M. Doha, Said A. Fahmy, Adel R. Kaldas, Rania M. Furman, Barry D. Villinksi, Jeffrey T. TI First Report of Leishmania tropica from a Classical Focus of L. major in North-Sinal, Egypt SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID TIME PCR ASSAY; CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; PHLEBOTOMUS-PAPATASI; IDENTIFICATION; DIAGNOSIS; DESERT; ISRAEL; RESERVOIR; OUTBREAK; PARASITE AB Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is prevalent in the Egyptian Sinai Peninsula and Previous research has consistently documented the etiologic a Leishmania gent to he Leishmania major. We report the first isolation of Leishmania tropica from human cases of CL in a Northern Sinai community bordering Palestine. Parasite real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), gene sequencing. and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses indicate CL cases in this community were Caused by either L. major or L. tropica (three cases each). Two wild-caught rodents (Gerbillus pyramidum floweri) were infected with L. tropica. Phlebotomus papatasi sand flies were found harboring L. major, however only non-infected individuals of Phlebotomus sergenti, a vector for L. tropica, Were caught. Patients with L. tropica had not traveled from the region in over a year. suggesting these cases are autochthonous. This scenario is consistent with an incursion of L. tropica from bordering countries and raises concerns about expansion of this parasite further into Egypt. C1 Ain Shams Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Entomol, Cairo, Egypt. Ain Shams Univ, Fac Sci, RTC, Res & Training Ctr Vectors Dis, Cairo, Egypt. USN, Med Res Unit, Vector Biol Res Program, Cairo, Egypt. RP Villinksi, JT (reprint author), USN, Med Res Unit, Vector Biol Res Program, 3,PSC 452 Box 141, FPO, AE 09835 USA. EM jeff.villinski@med.navy.mil RI Samy, Abdallah/B-4375-2010; Samy, Abdallah/I-1415-2014 OI Samy, Abdallah/0000-0003-3978-1134; Samy, Abdallah/0000-0003-3978-1134 FU NAMRU-3 FX Financial support: Molecular analyses Were Supported by grants to NAMRU-3. NR 38 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 81 IS 2 BP 213 EP 218 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 475LK UT WOS:000268360400007 PM 19635872 ER PT J AU Scherer, SS Pietramaggiori, G Matthews, J Perry, S Assmann, A Carothers, A Demcheva, M Muise-Helmericks, RC Seth, A Vournakis, JN Valeri, RC Fischer, TH Hechtman, HB Orgill, DP AF Scherer, Saja Sandra Pietramaggiori, Giorgio Matthews, Jasmine Perry, Samuel Assmann, Anke Carothers, Adelaide Demcheva, Marina Muise-Helmericks, Robin C. Seth, Arun Vournakis, John N. Valeri, Robert C. Fischer, Thomas H. Hechtman, Herbert B. Orgill, Dennis P. TI Poly-N-Acetyl Glucosamine Nanofibers A New Bioactive Material to Enhance Diabetic Wound Healing by Cell Migration and Angiogenesis SO ANNALS OF SURGERY LA English DT Article ID MEDIATED HEMOSTASIS; ANGIOGENESIS; DYSFUNCTION; ACTIVATION; MECHANISMS; P63 AB Introduction: In several fields of surgery, the treatment of complicated tissue defects is an unsolved clinical problem. In particular, the use of tissue scaffolds has been limited by poor revascularization and integration. In this study, we developed a polymer, poly-N-acetyl-glucosamine (sNAG), with bioactive properties that may be useful to overcome these limitations. Objective: To develop a scaffold-like membrane with bioactive properties and test the biologic effects in vitro and in vivo in diabetic wound healing. Methods: In vitro, cells-nanofibers interactions were tested by cell metabolism and migration assays. In vivo, full thickness wounds in diabetic mice (n = 15 per group) were treated either with sNAG scaffolds, with a cellulosic control material, or were left untreated. Wound healing kinetics, including wound reepithelialization and wound contraction as well as microscopic metrics such as tissue growth, cell proliferation (Ki67), angiogenesis (PECAM-1), cell migration (MAP-Kinase), and keratinocyte migration (p 63) were monitored over a period of 28 days. Messenger RNA levels related to migration (uPAR), angiogenesis (VEGF), inflammatory response (IL-1 beta), and extracellular matrix remodeling (MMP3 and 9) were measured in wound tissues. Results: sNAG fibers stimulated cell metabolism and the in vitro migratory activity of endothelial cells and fibroblasts. sNAG membranes profoundly accelerated wound closure mainly by reepithelialization and increased keratinocyte migration (7.5-fold), granulation tissue formation (2.8-fold), cell proliferation (4-fold), and vascularization (2.7-fold) compared with control wounds. Expression of markers of angiogenesis (VEGF), cell migration (uPAR) and ECM remodeling (MMP3, MMP9) were up-regulated in sNAG treated wounds compared with controls. Conclusions: The key mechanism of the bioactive membranes is the cell-nanofiber stimulatory interaction. Engineering of bioactive materials may represent the clinical solution for a number of complex tissue defects. C1 [Scherer, Saja Sandra; Pietramaggiori, Giorgio; Matthews, Jasmine; Orgill, Dennis P.] Harvard Univ, Div Plast Surg, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Perry, Samuel; Hechtman, Herbert B.] Harvard Univ, Dept Surg, Vasc Biol Program, Sch Med,Childrens Hosp Boston, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Assmann, Anke] Harvard Univ, Joslin Diabet Ctr, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Carothers, Adelaide] Harvard Univ, Dept Surg, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Demcheva, Marina; Vournakis, John N.] Marine Polymer Technol, Danvers, MA USA. [Muise-Helmericks, Robin C.] Med Univ S Carolina, Hollings Canc Ctr, Dept Cell Biol & Anat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Seth, Arun] Sunnybrook Hlth Sci Ctr, Toronto, CA USA. [Valeri, Robert C.] USN, Blood Res Lab Inc, Boston, MA USA. [Fischer, Thomas H.] Univ N Carolina, Francis Owen Blood Lab, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Orgill, DP (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Div Plast Surg, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM dorgill@partners.org OI Orgill, Dennis/0000-0002-8279-7310 FU Marine Polymer Technologies, Inc., Danvers, MA; [R01 HL84565] FX Supported by Marine Polymer Technologies, Inc., Danvers, MA (material and financial) and R01 HL84565 (to R.M.H.). NR 22 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0003-4932 J9 ANN SURG JI Ann. Surg. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 250 IS 2 BP 322 EP 330 DI 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181ae9d45 PG 9 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 482GS UT WOS:000268873400025 PM 19638916 ER PT J AU Cranch, GA Miller, GA AF Cranch, Geoffrey A. Miller, Gary A. TI Improved implementation of optical space domain reflectometry for characterizing the complex coupling coefficient of strong fiber Bragg gratings SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID INTERFEROMETRIC SIDE DIFFRACTION; INDEX MODULATION; SPECTRA; CHIRP; PHASE AB Optical space domain reflectometry (OSDR) implemented with a novel interferometric characterization method is demonstrated to be an accurate technique for characterizing the complex coupling coefficient of strong fiber Bragg gratings. A theoretical model is also presented, incorporating the effect of the heat perturbation shape, which accurately predicts the measurement behavior. It is shown that the measurement accuracy and spatial resolution are dramatically improved by removing the effect of the heat perturbation shape on the reconstructed profile using a deconvolution technique. The improvement in accuracy is illustrated by the excellent agreement between a weak grating reconstructed with OSDR and the same grating reconstructed with optical frequency domain reflectometry and a layer-peeling method. Reconstruction of a strong grating with an integrated coupling coefficient, (q) over barL = 8.14, demonstrates the utility of this technique. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America C1 [Cranch, Geoffrey A.; Miller, Gary A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cranch, Geoffrey A.] SFA Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. RP Cranch, GA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM geoff_cranch@yahoo.com FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX The authors acknowledge A. Tikhomirov and S. Foster of the Defence Science and Technology Organization, Australia, for inspiring discussions on grating characterization methods. This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research (ONR). NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 48 IS 22 BP 4506 EP 4513 DI 10.1364/AO.48.004506 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 490BC UT WOS:000269470800036 PM 19649058 ER PT J AU Kim, H Auyeung, RCY Lee, SH Huston, AL Pique, A AF Kim, H. Auyeung, R. C. Y. Lee, S. H. Huston, A. L. Pique, A. TI Laser forward transfer of silver electrodes for organic thin-film transistors SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID SENSITIZED SOLAR-CELLS; CONTACT RESISTANCE; PENTACENE AB Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) with top- and bottom-contact configurations were fabricated using silver nano-inks printed by laser forward transfer for the gate and source/drain electrodes with pentacene and poly-4-vinylphenol as the organic semiconductor and dielectric layers, respectively. The volume of the laser-printed Ag pixels was typically in the subpicoliter (0.2-0.4 pl) range. The top-contact OTFTs resulted in lower contact resistance compared to those obtained from the bottom-contact OTFTs, and showed improved overall device performance. The top-contact OTFTs exhibited field-effect mobilities of similar to 0.16 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) and on/off current ratios of similar to 10(5). C1 [Kim, H.; Auyeung, R. C. Y.; Lee, S. H.; Huston, A. L.; Pique, A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kim, H.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. RP Pique, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM pique@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 17 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 96 IS 2 BP 441 EP 445 DI 10.1007/s00339-009-5225-z PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 459IO UT WOS:000267095400025 ER PT J AU Lowhorn, ND Wong-Ng, W Lu, ZQ Thomas, E Otani, M Green, M Dilley, N Sharp, J Tran, TN AF Lowhorn, Nathan D. Wong-Ng, W. Lu, Z. Q. Thomas, E. Otani, M. Green, M. Dilley, N. Sharp, J. Tran, T. N. TI Development of a Seebeck coefficient Standard Reference Material SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID 2 CANDIDATE MATERIALS AB We have successfully developed a Seebeck coefficient Standard Reference Material (SRM((TM))), Bi(2)Te(3), that is crucial for inter-laboratory data comparison and for instrument calibration. Certification measurements were performed using two different techniques on 10 samples randomly selected from a batch of 390 bars. The certified Seebeck coefficient values are provided from 10 to 390 K. The availability of this SRM will validate the measurement accuracy, leading to a better understanding of the structure/property relationships, and the underlying physics of new and improved thermoelectric materials. An overview of the measurement techniques and data analysis is given. C1 [Lowhorn, Nathan D.; Wong-Ng, W.; Thomas, E.; Otani, M.; Green, M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Lu, Z. Q.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Stat Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Dilley, N.] Quantum Design, San Diego, CA 92126 USA. [Sharp, J.] Marlow Ind Inc, Dallas, TX 75238 USA. [Tran, T. N.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. RP Wong-Ng, W (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM winnie.wong-ng@nist.gov NR 5 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 96 IS 2 BP 511 EP 514 DI 10.1007/s00339-009-5191-5 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 459IO UT WOS:000267095400035 ER PT J AU Kang, RW Frank, RM Nho, SJ Ghodadra, NS Verma, NN Romeo, AA Provencher, MT AF Kang, Richard W. Frank, Rachel M. Nho, Shane J. Ghodadra, Neil S. Verma, Nikhil N. Romeo, Anthony A. Provencher, Matthew T. TI Complications Associated With Anterior Shoulder Instability Repair SO ARTHROSCOPY-THE JOURNAL OF ARTHROSCOPIC AND RELATED SURGERY LA English DT Article DE Instability; Anterior shoulder; Complications; Repair; Arthroscopic stabilization ID FOLLOW-UP; BANKART REPAIR; ARTHROSCOPIC STABILIZATION; RECURRENT DISLOCATION; INTERSCALENE BLOCK; GLENOHUMERAL INSTABILITY; SUTURE ANCHORS; BONE LOSS; SURGERY; SUBSCAPULARIS AB Anterior shoulder instability is a common orthopaedic problem, and the Surgical treatment, both open and arthroscopic, has been shown to effectively restore stability and prevent recurrence. However, despite success with these Surgical techniques, there are several clinically relevant complications associated with both open and arthroscopic techniques for anterior shoulder stabilization. These complications can be subdivided into preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative and include entities such as nerve injury, chondrolysis, incomplete treatment of associated lesions, and subscapularis dysfunction. When they occur, complications may significantly impact patient outcomes and function. Therefore, surgeon awareness and identification of the factors associated with these complications may help prevent occurrence. Although failure of instability repair can be classified as a complication of surgery, it requires an entirely separate discussion and is therefore not addressed in this article. Because most of the previously published Studies on anterior shoulder instability have emphasized surgical technique and clinical outcomes, the purpose of this article is to define the complications associated with anterior instability repair and provide recommendations on techniques that may be used to help avoid them. C1 [Kang, Richard W.; Frank, Rachel M.; Nho, Shane J.; Ghodadra, Neil S.; Verma, Nikhil N.; Romeo, Anthony A.] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Rush Med Coll, Dept Orthopaed Surg,Sect Sports Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Provencher, Matthew T.] USN, Med Ctr, Div Sports Surg, Dept Orthopaed Surg, San Diego, CA USA. RP Nho, SJ (reprint author), Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Rush Med Coll, Dept Orthopaed Surg,Sect Sports Med, 1725 W Harrison St,Suite 1063, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. EM snho@hotmail.com OI Frank, Rachel/0000-0002-1120-0521; Romeo, Anthony/0000-0003-4848-3411 NR 62 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0749-8063 J9 ARTHROSCOPY JI Arthroscopy PD AUG PY 2009 VL 25 IS 8 BP 909 EP 920 DI 10.1016/j.arthro.2009.03.009 PG 12 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 481ZJ UT WOS:000268852400013 PM 19664511 ER PT J AU Elsberry, RL Clune, WM Elliott, G Harr, PA AF Elsberry, Russell L. Clune, William M. Elliott, Grant Harr, Patrick A. TI Evaluations of Global Model Early Track and Formation Predictions During the Combined TCS08 and T-PARC Field Experiment SO ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Tropical cyclone formation; numerical weather prediction model performance; Tropical Cyclone Structure 2008; THORPEX Pacific Asian Regional Campaign ID WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC AB One of the objectives of the combined Tropical Cyclone Structure (TCS08) and THORPEX Pacific Asian Regional Campaign (T-PARC) field experiment during August and September 2008 was to improve understanding and prediction of western North Pacific tropical cyclone formation. One approach during TCS08 was to subjectively monitor the performance of the four global models as to whether any of the more than 50 deep convective regions labeled as TCSxxx were predicted to become a tropical depression. When a 850-mb vorticity maximum associated with the convective region could be followed in all four models, a consensus of the track forecasts to 72 h provided surprisingly good guidance for the pre-tropical cyclone seedlings and tropical depressions. An experienced analyst was able to recognize signatures in each of the models that indicate tropical cyclone formation was likely or unlikely. When all four global model forecasts were in agreement that formation was likely, high confidence could be given to the predicted scenario. This four-model consensus approach to predict tropical depression formation was most effective for the four pre-tropical cyclone seedlings that would later become typhoons, and did predict with less advance warning two seedlings that later became tropical storms. However, the global models did not consistently predict the four pre-tropical cyclone seedlings that only attained tropical depression status. The four-model consensus had a relatively small number of false alarms. Even though a three-model consensus had somewhat more false alarms, in most of the low latitude cases the lack of time continuity and a systematic decrease in consensus time to formation will make these cases relatively easy to recognize as false alarms. C1 [Elsberry, Russell L.; Harr, Patrick A.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, GSEAS, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Clune, William M.] Comp Sci Corp, Cincinnati, OH 45202 USA. [Elliott, Grant] Bur Meteorol, Perth, WA, Australia. RP Elsberry, RL (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, GSEAS, 589 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM elsberry@nps.edu FU National Science Foundation (NSF); Office of Naval Research (ONR) Marine Meteorology division; ONR Global office in London FX The participation of W. Clune was funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF). The participation of R. Elsberry and P. Harr was funded by NSF and the Office of Naval Research (ONR) Marine Meteorology division. G. Elliott's participation was funded by the ONR Global office in London. The NCAR Environmental Observation Laboratory is acknowledged for their preparation of the T-PARC/TCS08 catalog of model outputs that were used in this research. Stephanie Zick prepared the figures and Mrs. Penny Jones skillfully prepared the manuscript. NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU KOREAN METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI SEOUL PA 460-18 SHINDAEBANG-DONG, TONGJAK-GU, SEOUL, 156-720, SOUTH KOREA SN 1976-7633 J9 ASIA-PAC J ATMOS SCI JI Asia-Pac. J. Atmos. Sci. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 45 IS 3 BP 357 EP 373 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 505GU UT WOS:000270681000009 ER PT J AU Cohen, AS Rottgering, HJA AF Cohen, A. S. Rottgering, H. J. A. TI PROBING FINE-SCALE IONOSPHERIC STRUCTURE WITH THE VERY LARGE ARRAY RADIO TELESCOPE SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE atmospheric effects; techniques: interferometric ID FREQUENCY SKY SURVEY; 74 MHZ; SYSTEM AB High-resolution (similar to 1 arcmin) astronomical imaging at low frequency (<= 150 MHz) has only recently become practical with the development of new calibration algorithms for removing ionospheric distortions. In addition to opening a new window in observational astronomy, the process of calibrating the ionospheric distortions also probes ionospheric structure in an unprecedented way. Here we explore one aspect of this new type of ionospheric measurement: the differential refraction of celestial source pairs as a function of their angular separation. This measurement probes variations in the spatial gradient of the line-of-sight total electron content (TEC) to similar to 10(-3) TECU km(-1) (1 TECU = 10(12) cm(-2)) accuracy over spatial scales of under 10 km to over 100 km. We use data from the VLA Low-frequency Sky Survey (VLSS), a nearly complete 74 MHz survey of the entire sky visible to the VLA telescope in Socorro, New Mexico. These data comprise over 500 hr of observations, all calibrated in a standard way. While ionospheric spatial structure varies greatly from one observation to the next, when analyzed over hundreds of hours, statistical patterns become apparent. We present a detailed characterization of how the median differential refraction depends on source pair separation, elevation, and time of day. We find that elevation effects are large, but geometrically predictable and can be "removed" analytically using a "thin-shell" model of the ionosphere. We find significantly greater ionospheric spatial variations during the day than at night. These diurnal variations appear to affect the larger angular scales to a greater degree indicating that they come from disturbances on relatively larger spatial scales (hundreds of kilometers, rather than tens of kilometers). C1 [Cohen, A. S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Rottgering, H. J. A.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. RP Cohen, AS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7213, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Aaron.Cohen@nrl.navy.mil FU office of Naval Research FX Basic research in radio astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by the office of Naval Research. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of The National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. We thank Kenneth Dymond for helpful advice. NR 15 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 138 IS 2 BP 439 EP 447 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/138/2/439 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 470QG UT WOS:000267992300010 ER PT J AU Zasche, P Wolf, M Hartkopf, WI Svoboda, P Uhlar, R Liakos, A Gazeas, K AF Zasche, P. Wolf, M. Hartkopf, W. I. Svoboda, P. Uhlar, R. Liakos, A. Gazeas, K. TI A CATALOG OF VISUAL DOUBLE AND MULTIPLE STARS WITH ECLIPSING COMPONENTS SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE binaries: close; binaries: eclipsing; binaries: visual; catalogs; stars: fundamental parameters ID CLOSE BINARY STARS; MK-SPECTRAL TYPES; PHASES DIFFERENTIAL ASTROMETRY; LINE BROADENING FUNCTIONS; UMA-TYPE BINARIES; A-TYPE SYSTEM; ABSOLUTE DIMENSIONS; RADIAL-VELOCITY; APSIDAL MOTION; 4-COLOR PHOTOMETRY AB A new catalog of visual double systems containing eclipsing binaries as one component is presented. The main purpose of this catalog is to compile a complete list of all known multiples of this variety, both for current analysis and to highlight those in need of additional observations. All available photometric and astrometric data were analyzed, resulting in new orbits for eight systems and new times of minimum light for a number of the eclipsing binaries. Some of the systems in the catalog have acceptable solutions for their visual orbits, although in most cases their orbital periods are too long for simultaneous analysis. Also included, however, are a number of systems which currently lack an orbital solution but which may be suitable for simultaneous analysis in the future. C1 [Zasche, P.; Wolf, M.] Charles Univ Prague, Astron Inst, Fac Math & Phys, CZ-18000 Prague 8, Czech Republic. [Zasche, P.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Hartkopf, W. I.] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. [Svoboda, P.] Private Observ, CZ-61400 Brno, Czech Republic. [Uhlar, R.] Private Observ, CZ-25401 Jilove, Czech Republic. [Liakos, A.; Gazeas, K.] Univ Athens, Dept Astrophys Astron & Mech, Fac Phys, GR-15784 Athens, Greece. RP Zasche, P (reprint author), Charles Univ Prague, Astron Inst, Fac Math & Phys, V Holesovickach 2, CZ-18000 Prague 8, Czech Republic. RI Liakos, Alexios/K-4452-2013 OI Liakos, Alexios/0000-0002-0490-1469 FU Czech Science Foundation [205/06/0217, 205/06/0304]; Ministry of Education [MSMT0021620860]; Mexican [PAPIIT IN113308] FX Some of this work was based on data from the OMC Archive at LAEFF, preprocessed by ISDC. We thank Dr. Milos Zejda for kindly sending us the data. Dr. Andrei Tokovinin and also an anonymous referee are greatly acknowledged for their helpful and critical suggestions. This investigation was supported by the Czech Science Foundation, grants 205/06/0217 and 205/06/0304. We also acknowledge the support from the Research Program MSMT0021620860 of the Ministry of Education and also from the Mexican grant PAPIIT IN113308. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France, and of NASA's Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services. NR 188 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 138 IS 2 BP 664 EP 679 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/138/2/664 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 470QG UT WOS:000267992300032 ER PT J AU Le, T Dermer, CD AF Le, Truong Dermer, Charles D. TI GAMMA-RAY BURST PREDICTIONS FOR THE FERMI GAMMA RAY SPACE TELESCOPE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays: bursts; gamma rays: theory ID HIGH-ENERGY; BATSE OBSERVATIONS; BROAD-BAND; EGRET; EMISSION; CATALOG; GLAST; SPECTROSCOPY; REDSHIFT; SPECTRA AB Results of a phenomenological model to estimate the gamma-ray burst (GRB) detection rate by the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope are reported. This estimate is based on the Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) 4B GRB fluence distribution, the mean ratio of fluences measured at 100 MeV-5 GeV with Energetic Gamma-Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) and at 20 keV-2 MeV with BATSE, and the mean EGRET GRB spectrum for the five EGRET spark-chamber GRBs. For a 10% fluence ratio and a number spectral index alpha(1) = -2 at 100 MeV-5 GeV energies, we estimate a rate of approximate to 20 and 4 GRBs yr(-1) in the Fermi Large Area Telescope field of view (FOV) with at least five photons with energy E > 100 MeV and E > 1 GeV, respectively. We also estimate approximate to 1.5 GRBs yr(-1) in the Fermi FOV where at least one photon with energy E > 10 GeV is detected. For these parameters, we estimate approximate to 1-2 GRBs yr(-1) detected with the Fermi telescope with more than 100 gamma-rays with E greater than or similar to 100 MeV. Comparison predictions for alpha(1) = -2.2, different fluence ratios, and the AGILE gamma-ray satellite are made. Searches for different classes of GRBs using a diagram plotting 100 MeV-10 GeV fluence versus 20 keV-20 MeV fluence is considered as a way to search for separate classes of GRBs and, specifically, spectral differences between the short-hard and long-duration GRB classes, and for hard components in GRBs. C1 [Le, Truong; Dermer, Charles D.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Le, T (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM tle@ssd5.nrl.navy.mil; charles.dermer@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; NASA Fermi Science Investigation [DPR-S-1563-Y] FX The work of C. D. is supported by the Office of Naval Research and NASA Fermi Science Investigation DPR-S-1563-Y, which also supported the research of T. L. at the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 37 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 700 IS 2 BP 1026 EP 1033 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/700/2/1026 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 471ZU UT WOS:000268098100016 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Atwood, WB Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Battelino, M Baughman, BM Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Bloom, ED Bogaert, G Borgland, AW Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Burnett, TH Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Camilo, F Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Chen, AW Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Cognard, I Cohen-Tanugi, J Cominsky, LR Conrad, J Cutini, S Demorest, P Dermer, CD de Angelis, A de Luca, A de Palma, F Digel, SW Dormody, M Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Espinoza, C Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Focke, WB Frailis, M Freire, PCC Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giordano, F Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, RP Johnson, TJ Johnson, WN Johnston, S Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kawai, N Kerr, M Kiziltan, B Knodlseder, J Komin, N Kramer, M Kuehn, F Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lee, SH Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Lyne, AG Makeev, A Manchester, RN Marelli, M Mazziotta, MN McConville, W McEnery, JE McLaughlin, MA Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nolan, PL Noutsos, A Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Ozaki, M Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Ransom, SM Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ritz, S Rochester, LS Rodriguez, AY Romani, RW Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sanchez, D Parkinson, PMS Sgro, C Sierpowska-Bartosik, A Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Stappers, BW Starck, JL Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Theureau, G Thompson, DJ Thorsett, SE Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Van Etten, A Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wallace, E Watters, K Weltevrede, P Wood, KS Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Atwood, W. B. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Battelino, M. Baughman, B. M. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Bloom, E. D. Bogaert, G. Borgland, A. W. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. H. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Camilo, F. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Chen, A. W. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Cognard, I. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. R. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. Demorest, P. Dermer, C. D. de Angelis, A. de Luca, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. Dormody, M. do Couto E Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Espinoza, C. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Focke, W. B. Frailis, M. Freire, P. C. C. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, T. J. Johnson, W. N. Johnston, S. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Kiziltan, B. Knoedlseder, J. Komin, N. Kramer, M. Kuehn, F. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lee, S. -H. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Lyne, A. G. Makeev, A. Manchester, R. N. Marelli, M. Mazziotta, M. N. McConville, W. McEnery, J. E. McLaughlin, M. A. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nolan, P. L. Noutsos, A. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Ozaki, M. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Ransom, S. M. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Rochester, L. S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Romani, R. W. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sanchez, D. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Sgro, C. Sierpowska-Bartosik, A. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Stappers, B. W. Starck, J. -L. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Theureau, G. Thompson, D. J. Thorsett, S. E. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Van Etten, A. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wallace, E. Watters, K. Weltevrede, P. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI PULSED GAMMA-RAYS FROM PSR J2021+3651 WITH THE FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays: observations; pulsars: general; pulsars: individual (PSR J2021+3651) ID SPACE-TELESCOPE; YOUNG PULSARS; RADIO PULSARS; LIGHT CURVES; SLOT GAPS; EMISSION; CATALOG; MODEL; POLARIZATION; RADIATION AB We report the detection of pulsed gamma-rays from the young, spin-powered radio pulsar PSR J2021+3651 using data acquired with the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (formerly GLAST). The light curve consists of two narrow peaks of similar amplitude separated by 0.468 +/- 0.002 in phase. The first peak lags the maximum of the 2 GHz radio pulse by 0.162 +/- 0.004 +/- 0.01 in phase. The integral gamma-ray photon flux above 100 MeV is (56 +/- 3 +/- 11) x 10(-8) cm(-2) s(-1). The photon spectrum is well described by an exponentially cut-off power law of the form dF/dE = kE(-Gamma)e((-E/Ec)), where the energy E is expressed in GeV. The photon index is Gamma = 1.5 +/- 0.1 +/- 0.1 and the exponential cut-off is E-c = 2.4 +/- 0.3 +/- 0.5 GeV. The first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The integral photon flux of the bridge is approximately 10% of the pulsed emission, and the upper limit on off-pulse gamma-ray emission from a putative pulsar wind nebula is < 10% of the pulsed emission at the 95% confidence level. Radio polarization measurements yield a rotation measure of RM = 524 +/- 4 rad m(-2) but a poorly constrained magnetic geometry. Re-analysis of Chandra X-ray Observatory data enhanced the significance of the weak X-ray pulsations, and the first peak is roughly phase aligned with the first gamma-ray peak. We discuss the emission region and beaming geometry based on the shape and spectrum of the gamma-ray light curve combined with radio and X-ray measurements, and the implications for the pulsar distance. Gamma-ray emission from the polar cap region seems unlikely for this pulsar. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto E Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Lee, S. -H.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Van Etten, A.; Waite, A. P.; Watters, K.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto E Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lee, S. -H.; Michelson, P. F.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Van Etten, A.; Waite, A. P.; Watters, K.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Dormody, M.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Thorsett, S. E.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Dormody, M.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Thorsett, S. E.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Komin, N.; Starck, J. -L.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, CEA, IRFU,Lab AIM,Serv Astrophys,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Battelino, M.; Conrad, J.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baughman, B. M.; Hughes, R. E.; Kuehn, F.; Smith, P. D.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bogaert, G.; Bruel, P.; Giebels, B.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.; Tramacere, A.; Wallace, E.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Camilo, F.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.; Chen, A. W.; Marelli, M.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-60123 Perugia, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cheung, C. C.; Gehrels, N.; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; Johnson, T. J.; McConville, W.; McEnery, J. E.; Ritz, S.; Thompson, D. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Cognard, I.; Theureau, G.] CNRS, UMR 6115, LPCE, F-45071 Orleans 02, France. [Cognard, I.; Theureau, G.] INSU, CNRS, Observ Paris, Stn Radioastron Nancay, F-18330 Nancay, France. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Guiriec, S.; Komin, N.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, CNRS, IN2P3, Montpellier, France. [Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] Sci Data Ctr, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [Demorest, P.; Ransom, S. M.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Grp Coll Udine, Sez Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Luca, A.] IUSS, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Espinoza, C.; Kramer, M.; Lyne, A. G.; Stappers, B. W.] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Freire, P. C. C.] Arecibo Observ, Arecibo, PR 00612 USA. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.; Johnson, T. J.; Ritz, S.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Johnston, S.; Manchester, R. N.; Weltevrede, P.] CSIRO, Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Kataoka, J.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Kawai, N.] RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Cosm Radiat Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Kawai, N.; Kiziltan, B.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Lick Observ, UCO, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] UPS, CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse, France. [McLaughlin, M. A.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Moiseev, A. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Ozaki, M.; Takahashi, T.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Rodriguez, A. Y.; Sierpowska-Bartosik, A.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, Inst Ciencies Espai, IEEC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM guillemo@cenbg.in2p3.fr; kerrm@u.washington.edu; smith@cenbg.in2p3.fr RI Komin, Nukri/J-6781-2015; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Starck, Jean-Luc/D-9467-2011; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013; OI Ransom, Scott/0000-0001-5799-9714; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Berenji, Bijan/0000-0002-4551-772X; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; Thorsett, Stephen/0000-0002-2025-9613; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Komin, Nukri/0000-0003-3280-0582; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; De Luca, Andrea/0000-0001-6739-687X; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Starck, Jean-Luc/0000-0003-2177-7794; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Marelli, Martino/0000-0002-8017-0338 NR 42 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 700 IS 2 BP 1059 EP 1066 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/700/2/1059 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 471ZU UT WOS:000268098100020 ER PT J AU Osten, RA Phan-Bao, N Hawley, SL Reid, IN Ojha, R AF Osten, Rachel A. Phan-Bao, N. Hawley, Suzanne L. Reid, I. Neill Ojha, Roopesh TI STEADY AND TRANSIENT RADIO EMISSION FROM ULTRACOOL DWARFS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE radio continuum: stars; stars: activity; stars: coronae; stars: late-type ID LOW-MASS STARS; X-RAY; ROTATIONAL MODULATION; MAGNETIC ACTIVITY; MAIN-SEQUENCE; BROWN DWARF; COOL STARS; NEARBY STARS; SKY SURVEY; BINARY AB We present the results of multi-frequency radio observing campaigns designed to elucidate the nature of radio emission from very low mass stars. We detect radio emission in an additional two epochs of the ultracool dwarf binary LP 349-25, finding that the observed emission is broad band and steady on timescales between 10 s and 10.7 hr, as well as on timescales of 0.6 and 1.6 years. This system is unusual for ultracool dwarfs with detectable radio emission, in exhibiting a lack of any large-scale variability, particularly the bursting ( periodic or aperiodic) behavior exhibited by the other objects with detectable levels of radio emission. We explore the constraints that the lack of variability on long-and short-timescales, and flat spectral index, imply about the radio-emitting structures and mechanism. The temporal constraints argue for a high latitude emitting region with a large inclination so that it is always in view, and survives for at least 0.6 years. Temporal constraints also limit the plasma conditions, implying that the electron density be n(e) < 4 x 10(5) cm(-3) and B < 130 G in order not to see time variations due to collisional or radiative losses from high-energy particles. The observations and constraints provided by them are most compatible with a nonthermal radio emission mechanism, likely gyrosynchrotron emission from a spatially homogeneous or inhomogeneous source. This indicates that, similar to behaviors noted for chromospheric, transition region, and coronal plasmas in ultracool dwarfs, the magnetic activity patterns observed in active higher mass stars can survive to the substellar boundary. We also present new epochs of multi-frequency radio observations for the ultracool dwarfs 2MASS 05233822-140322 and 2MASS14563831-2809473(= LHS 3003); each has been detected in at least one previous epoch but are not detected in the epochs reported here. The results here suggest that magnetic configurations in ultracool dwarfs can be long-lasting, and support the need for further radiomonitoring using a simultaneous, multi-frequency observing approach. C1 [Osten, Rachel A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Phan-Bao, N.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. [Hawley, Suzanne L.] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Osten, Rachel A.; Reid, I. Neill] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Ojha, Roopesh] USN Observ, NVI, Washington, DC 20392 USA. RP Osten, RA (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM osten@stsci.edu; pbngoc@asiaa.sinica.edu.tw; slh@astro.washington.edu; inr@stsci.edu; rojha@usno.navy.mil FU NASA through Hubble Fellowship [HF-01189.01]; Space Telescope Science Institute; Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. for NASA [NAS5-26555] FX This paper represents the results of VLA programs AO205, AO214, and AO223. Support for this work was provided by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant HF-01189.01 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. for NASA, under contract NAS5-26555. NR 57 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 700 IS 2 BP 1750 EP 1758 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/700/2/1750 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 471ZU UT WOS:000268098100068 ER PT J AU Titarchuk, L Laurent, P Shaposhnikov, N AF Titarchuk, Lev Laurent, Philippe Shaposhnikov, Nikolai TI ON THE NONRELATIVISTIC ORIGIN OF RED-SKEWED IRON LINES IN CATACLYSMIC VARIABLE, NEUTRON STAR, AND BLACK HOLE SOURCES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE line: profiles; radiation mechanisms: general; stars: neutron; X-rays: binaries; X-rays: individual (GK Per, Serpens X-1, GX 339-4); white dwarfs ID X-RAY SOURCE; COMPTONIZATION MODELS; EMISSION-LINE; MONTE-CARLO; POWER-LAW; ENERGY; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRA; DISK; MCG-6-30-15 AB We perform the analysis of the iron K a lines detected in three sources representing three types of accreting compact sources: cataclysmic variable (CV) GK Per, neutron star (NS) Serpens X-1, and black hole (BH) GX 339-4. We find, using data from Epic-PN Camera onboard XMM-Newton observatory, that the iron K(alpha) emission line in GK Per has a noticeable red-skewed profile. We compare the GK Per asymmetric line with the red-skewed lines observed by XMM-Newton in Serpens X-1 and GX 339-4. The observation of the K(alpha) emission with red-skewed features in CV GK Per cannot be related to the redshift effects of General Relativity (GR). Therefore, if the mechanism of the K(alpha)-line formation is the same in CVs, NSs, and BHs then it is evident that the GR effects would be ruled out as a cause of red skewness of K(alpha) line. The line reprocessing in an outflowing wind has been recently suggested as an alternative model for a broad red-shifted iron line formation. In the framework of the outflow scenario the red-skewed iron line is formed in the strong extended wind due to its illumination by the radiation emanating from the innermost part of the accreting material. The outflow is a common phenomenon for CVs, NSs, and BHs. In this paper, we demonstrate that the asymmetric shapes of the lines detected from these CV, NS, and BH sources are well described with the wind (outflow) model. Furthermore we find by analyzing Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer(RXTE) observations that when the strong red-skewed iron line is observed in GX 339-4 the high-frequency variability is strongly suppressed. While this fact is hard to reconcile with the relativistic models, it is consistent with the outflowing gas washing out high-frequency modulations of the radiation presumably originated in the innermost part of the source. C1 [Titarchuk, Lev] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Titarchuk, Lev] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Titarchuk, Lev] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Titarchuk, Lev] Univ Ferrara, Dept Phys, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. [Laurent, Philippe] CEA Saclay, CEA DSM DAPNIA SAp, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Titarchuk, Lev] ICRANET, I-65122 Pescara, PE, Italy. [Laurent, Philippe] Lab APC, F-75205 Paris 13, France. [Shaposhnikov, Nikolai] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Shaposhnikov, Nikolai] CRESST GSFC NASA, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Titarchuk, L (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM lev.titarchuk@nrl.navy.mil; plaurent@cea.fr RI laurent, philippe/E-6211-2013 NR 30 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 700 IS 2 BP 1831 EP 1846 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/700/2/1831 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 471ZU UT WOS:000268098100074 ER PT J AU Green, LM Kliem, B AF Green, L. M. Kliem, B. TI FLUX ROPE FORMATION PRECEDING CORONAL MASS EJECTION ONSET SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun: flares; Sun: magnetic fields; Sun: X-rays, gamma rays ID SOLAR ACTIVE REGIONS; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; EVOLUTION; FILAMENTS; ERUPTION; PROMINENCES; EMERGENCE; SIGMOIDS; FLARES; MODEL AB We analyze the evolution of a sigmoidal (S-shaped) active region toward eruption, which includes a coronal mass ejection (CME) but leaves part of the filament in place. The X-ray sigmoid is found to trace out three different magnetic topologies in succession: a highly sheared arcade of coronal loops in its long-lived phase, a bald-patch separatrix surface (BPSS) in the hours before the CME, and the first flare loops in its major transient intensity enhancement. The coronal evolution is driven by photospheric changes which involve the convergence and cancellation of flux elements under the sigmoid and filament. The data yield unambiguous evidence for the existence of a BPSS, and hence a flux rope, in the corona prior to the onset of the CME. C1 [Green, L. M.; Kliem, B.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. [Kliem, B.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kliem, B.] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany. RP Green, LM (reprint author), Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Holmbury St, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. EM lmg@mssl.ucl.ac.uk; bhk@mssl.ucl.ac.uk FU Royal Society; STFC; NSF [ATM 0518218]; NASA [NNH06AD58I] FX We acknowledge the use of data provided by the Global High Resolution Ha Network, the Yohkoh/SXT, SOHO/MDI, and GOES instruments, and by the CME catalog held at NASA's CDAW Data Center. This work was supported by The Royal Society, STFC, NSF grant ATM 0518218, and NASA grant NNH06AD58I. NR 33 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 700 IS 2 BP L83 EP L87 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/700/2/L83 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 472UJ UT WOS:000268157500006 ER PT J AU Patsourakos, S Vourlidas, A AF Patsourakos, Spiros Vourlidas, Angelos TI "EXTREME ULTRAVIOLET WAVES" ARE WAVES: FIRST QUADRATURE OBSERVATIONS OF AN EXTREME ULTRAVIOLET WAVE FROM STEREO SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs) ID CORONAL MASS EJECTION; EIT WAVES; SOHO/EIT OBSERVATIONS; IMAGING TELESCOPE; LOOP OSCILLATIONS; MORETON WAVES; SOLAR CORONA; SHOCK; VIEW; SUN AB The nature of coronal mass ejection (CME)-associated low corona propagating disturbances, "extreme ultraviolet (EUV) waves," has been controversial since their discovery by EIT on SOHO. The low-cadence, single-viewpoint EUV images and the lack of simultaneous inner corona white-light observations have hindered the resolution of the debate on whether they are true waves or just projections of the expanding CME. The operation of the twin EUV imagers and inner corona coronagraphs aboard STEREO has improved the situation dramatically. During early 2009, the STEREO Ahead (STA) and Behind (STB) spacecrafts observed the Sun in quadrature having a approximate to 90 degrees angular separation. An EUV wave and CME erupted from active region 11012, on February 13, when the region was exactly at the limb for STA and hence at disk center for STB. The STEREO observations capture the development of a CME and its accompanying EUV wave not only with high cadence but also in quadrature. The resulting unprecedented data set allowed us to separate the CME structures from the EUV wave signatures and to determine without doubt the true nature of the wave. It is a fast-mode MHD wave after all. C1 [Patsourakos, Spiros] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Vourlidas, Angelos] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Patsourakos, S (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM spiros.patsourakos@nrl.navy.mil; vourlidas@nrl.navy.mil RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009 OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948 NR 39 TC 90 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 700 IS 2 BP L182 EP L186 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/700/2/L182 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 472UJ UT WOS:000268157500029 ER PT J AU Reames, DV Kahler, SW Tylka, AJ AF Reames, D. V. Kahler, S. W. Tylka, A. J. TI ANOMALOUS COSMIC RAYS AS PROBES OF MAGNETIC CLOUDS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE cosmic rays; interplanetary medium; shock waves; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs) ID CORONAL MASS EJECTION; SOLAR MINIMUM; ENERGETIC PARTICLES; 1 AU; SPECTRA; ACCELERATION; HELIOSPHERE; MODULATION; COMPONENT; ELECTRONS AB We report, for the first time, the observation near the Earth of anomalous cosmic ray (ACR) particles throughout the interiors of interplanetary magnetic clouds (MCs) at the same intensity as outside the MCs. ACRs, accelerated in the outer heliosphere, have unique elemental abundances making their identity unambiguous as they probe these clouds from the outside. Thus, MCs, carried out from the Sun by coronal mass ejections (CMEs), are seen to contain no structures that are magnetically closed to the penetration of ions with energies above a few MeV amu(-1). As the MCs expand outward, they must fill their increasing volume with ACRs dynamically, to the same degree as neighboring "open" field lines. These observations cast doubt on conventional ideas about the closed field topologies of MCs and the cross-field transport of energetic particles. The ACR observations conflict with some reports of significant exclusion from MCs of solar energetic particles (SEPs) of comparable energy and rigidity. A process that allows cross-field transport of ACRs may also allow similar transport of SEPs late in events, causing the large spatial extent and uniformity of SEPs in "invariant spectral regions" extending far behind CME-driven shock waves. C1 [Reames, D. V.] Univ Maryland, Inst Phys Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kahler, S. W.] USAF, Res Lab, RVBXS, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. [Tylka, A. J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Reames, DV (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Phys Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM dvreames@umd.edu RI Tylka, Allan/G-9592-2014 FU NASA [NNX08AQ02G, DPR NNG06EC55I]; AFOSR [2301RDZ4]; Office of Naval Research FX We thank Frank McDonald for helpful discussions. Work by D. V. R. was funded in part by NASA grant NNX08AQ02G, S. W. K. was supported by AFOSR work unit 2301RDZ4, and A.J.T. was supported by the Office of Naval Research and NASA DPR NNG06EC55I. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 700 IS 2 BP L196 EP L199 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/700/2/L196 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 472UJ UT WOS:000268157500032 ER PT J AU Schmit, DJ Gibson, SE Tomczyk, S Reeves, KK Sterling, AC Brooks, DH Williams, DR Tripathi, D AF Schmit, D. J. Gibson, S. E. Tomczyk, S. Reeves, K. K. Sterling, Alphonse C. Brooks, D. H. Williams, D. R. Tripathi, D. TI LARGE-SCALE FLOWS IN PROMINENCE CAVITIES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Sun: atmospheric motions; Sun: corona; Sun: prominences; Sun: UV radiation ID QUIESCENT PROMINENCE; FILAMENT; TEMPERATURES; CONDENSATION; DENSITIES; DYNAMICS; HINODE; FIELDS; CORONA AB Regions of rarefied density often form cavities above quiescent prominences. We observed two different cavities with the Coronal Multichannel Polarimeter on 2005 April 21 and with Hinode/EIS on 2008 November 8. Inside both of these cavities, we find coherent velocity structures based on spectral Doppler shifts. These flows have speeds of 5-10 km s(-1), occur over length scales of tens of megameters, and persist for at least 1 hr. Flows in cavities are an example of the nonstatic nature of quiescent structures in the solar atmosphere. C1 [Schmit, D. J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Schmit, D. J.; Gibson, S. E.; Tomczyk, S.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Reeves, K. K.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sterling, Alphonse C.] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Space Sci Off, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Brooks, D. H.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Williams, D. R.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. [Tripathi, D.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Appl Math & Theoret Phys, Cambridge CB3 0WA, England. RP Schmit, DJ (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RI Gibson, Sarah/A-9189-2011; Williams, David/E-6676-2011; Tripathi, Durgesh/D-9390-2012; Reeves, Katharine/P-9163-2014 OI Williams, David/0000-0001-9922-8117; Tripathi, Durgesh/0000-0003-1689-6254; FU NASA [NNM07AB07C] FX This work benefited from discussions of the International Working Group on coronal prominence cavities sponsored by the International Space Science Institute (ISSI). SOHO is a project of international cooperation between ESA and NASA. Hinode is a Japanesemission developed and launched by ISAS/JAXA, with NAOJ as domestic partner and NASA and STFC (UK) as international partners. It is operated by these agencies in cooperation with ESA and NSC (Norway). K. K. R. is supported by NASA contract NNM07AB07C to SAO. NR 21 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 700 IS 2 BP L96 EP L98 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/700/2/L96 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 472UJ UT WOS:000268157500009 ER PT J AU Brown, JA Morrison, JC Magann, EF Cefalo, RC AF Brown, Jake A. Morrison, John C. Magann, Everett F. Cefalo, Robert C. TI Fetal extrasystole may predict poor neonatal outcome SO AUSTRALIAN & NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE extrasystoles; fetal monitoring; neonatal sepsis ID SEPSIS AB Extrasystoles particularly premature atrial contractions noted during labour on the fetal heart rate monitoring strip are usually thought to be benign. In pregnancies complicated by fetal infection and/or the fetal inflammatory response syndrome, there are some data that extrasystoles noted during the intrapartum period may be related to neonatal sepsis and eventual poor neonatal outcome including death or neonatal encephalopathy. Additional observations are needed to substantiate this hypothesis. C1 [Brown, Jake A.; Morrison, John C.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Cefalo, Robert C.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Magann, Everett F.] Univ Western Australia, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Sch Women & Infants Hlth, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. RP Magann, EF (reprint author), USN, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Med Ctr Portsmouth, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23378 USA. EM everett.magann@med.navy.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0004-8666 J9 AUST NZ J OBSTET GYN JI Aust. N. Z. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 49 IS 4 BP 404 EP 406 DI 10.1111/j.1479-828X.2009.01007.x PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 478KM UT WOS:000268587200013 PM 19694696 ER PT J AU Hoyt, RE Lawson, BD Mcgee, HA Strompolis, ML McClellan, MA AF Hoyt, Robert E. Lawson, Benton D. McGee, Heather A. Strompolis, Melissa L. McClellan, Molly A. TI Modafinil as a Potential Motion Sickness Countermeasure SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE motion sickness; modafinil; Coriolis cross-coupling; military; scopolamine ID SOPITE SYNDROME; SLEEPINESS; DRUGS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; PERFORMANCE; SCOPOLAMINE; STRATEGIES; GENDER; WORK; MOOD AB HOYT RE, LAWSON BD, McGEE HA, STROMPOLIS ML, MCCLELLAN MA. Modafinil as a potential motion sickness countermeasure. Aviat Space Environ Med 2009; 80:709-15. Introduction: Motion sickness adversely affects military air and sea operations. Medications help prevent motion sickness but are frequently associated with side effects. Better medications or combinations of medications are needed. Dextroamphetamine has documented anti-motion sickness effects but also has a potential for abuse. Modafinil is a relatively new central nervous system stimulant that has none of the drawbacks of dextroamphetamine, but has not been evaluated for the treatment of motion sickness. Methods: This double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluated the anti-motion sickness efficacy of modafinil, alone or in combination with oral scopolamine. Moderate nausea was induced via a Coriolis cross-coupling stimulus. There were 60 participants who were assigned randomly to 1 of 3 conditions: 1) 2 placebo pills (DP); 2) modafinil plus placebo (MP); or 3) modafinil plus oral scopolamine (MS). The primary measure of drug efficacy was the number of head tilts tolerated upon reaching moderate nausea for 1 min without abatement. Results: The combination of modafinil and scopolamine (MS) allowed subjects to tolerate significantly more head tilts than placebo, but modafinil alone (MP) failed to differ significantly from placebo (DP). No significant cognitive performance decrements were observed among the three experimental conditions. Conclusion: Modafinil was not found to be more effective than placebo. Further testing is recommended to determine whether the potentially promising combination of modafinil and scopolamine provide,; better efficacy or fewer side effects than scopolamine administered alone. C1 [Hoyt, Robert E.] USN, Operat Med Inst, Aerosp Med Res Lab, Pensacola, FL 32508 USA. RP Hoyt, RE (reprint author), USN, Operat Med Inst, Aerosp Med Res Lab, 220 Hovey Rd, Pensacola, FL 32508 USA. EM Robert.Hoyt@med.navy.mil NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 80 IS 8 BP 709 EP 715 DI 10.3357/ASEM.2477.2009 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 477SL UT WOS:000268538900004 PM 19653573 ER PT J AU Russ, PL Gonzalez-Moa, MJ Vu, BC Sigano, DM Kelley, JA Lai, CC Deschamps, JR Hughes, SH Marquez, VE AF Russ, Pamela L. Gonzalez-Moa, Maria J. Vu, B. Christie Sigano, Dina M. Kelley, James A. Lai, Christopher C. Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Hughes, Stephen H. Marquez, Victor E. TI North- and South-Bicyclo[3.1.0]Hexene Nucleosides: The Effect of Ring Planarity on Anti-HIV Activity SO CHEMMEDCHEM LA English DT Article DE antiviral agents; carbocycles; conformationally locked; nucleosides; pseudorotational cycles ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; TYPE-1 REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; AZT RESISTANCE; DNA-SYNTHESIS; WILD-TYPE; ANALOGS; CONFORMATION; MECHANISM; TRIPHOSPHATE; DISCRIMINATE AB The syntheses of new conformationally locked North- and South-bicyclo[3.1.0]hexene nucleosides is reported. The North analogues were synthesized by a convergent approach from the known (1S,2R,5R)-5-[(tert-butyldiphenylsilyloxy)methyl]bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-en-2-ol by Mitsunobu coupling with the nucleobases. The South analogues were synthesized from their bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane nucleoside precursors by the selective protection of the primary hydroxy group, conversion of the secondary alcohol into a good leaving group, and base-catalyzed elimination to generate the olefin. The transformation of a bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane nucleoside into a bicyclo[3.1.0]hexene nucleoside flattens the five-membered ring of the.. bicyclic system and rescues anti-HIV activity for North-D4T, North-D4A, and South D4C. The relationship between planarity and the anti/syn disposition of, the nucleobase that is favored by a particular pseudosugar platform are proposed as key parameters in controlling biological activity. C1 [Russ, Pamela L.; Gonzalez-Moa, Maria J.; Sigano, Dina M.; Kelley, James A.; Lai, Christopher C.; Marquez, Victor E.] NCI, Med Chem Lab, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Vu, B. Christie; Hughes, Stephen H.] NCI, HIV Drug Resistance Program, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Russ, PL (reprint author), NCI, Med Chem Lab, NIH, 376 Boyles St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM marquezv@mail.nih.gov RI Sigano, Dina/M-6144-2014; OI Sigano, Dina/0000-0001-7489-9555; Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010 FU Intramural Research Program of the NIH; National Cancer Institute; Center for Cancer Research FX This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1860-7179 J9 CHEMMEDCHEM JI ChemMedChem PD AUG PY 2009 VL 4 IS 8 BP 1354 EP 1363 DI 10.1002/cmdc.200900153 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 481CH UT WOS:000268784100016 PM 19533724 ER PT J AU Nemelka, KW Brown, AW Wallace, SM Jones, E Asher, LV Pattarini, D Applebee, L Gilliland, TC Guerry, P Baqar, S AF Nemelka, Kevin W. Brown, Ammon W. Wallace, Shannon M. Jones, Erika Asher, Ludmila V. Pattarini, Dawn Applebee, Lisa Gilliland, Theron C., Jr. Guerry, Patricia Baqar, Shahida TI Immune Response to and Histopathology of Campylobacter jejuni Infection in Ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) SO COMPARATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DIARRHEAL ILLNESS; INTRACELLULAR SURVIVAL; MILITARY PERSONNEL; GUILLAIN-BARRE; MODEL; COLONIZATION; CELLS; MICE; VIRULENCE; THAILAND AB Campylobacter jejuni is 1 of the most common enteric bacterial pathogens worldwide. The mechanisms of pathogenesis remain obscure, in part because of limitations of small animal models. Young ferrets develop diarrhea when fed C. jejuni, but their pathology and the immune response after infection have not been examined in detail. In the present study, we examined the pathogenesis of C. jejuni CG8421 and associated immune responses in ferrets. After oral infection with C. jejuni CG8421,86.7% of the animals developed diarrhea and inflammatory responses that were similar to those seen in human infection. Pronounced histopathologic changes in the colonic mucosa of infected animals were observed during the acute phase (days 1 through 3) of infection. Electron micrographs of colonic epithelium revealed disruption of the villi and internalized bacteria that were not within membrane vacuoles. During the acute phase, C. jejuni was isolated from the livers of 7 of 9 (78%) animals, and bacteria were visualized immunohistochemically in the livers from 5 of the 7 animals (71%) from which C. jejuni was isolated. A vigorous systemic and mucosal immune response to Campylobacter antigens was elicited after infection of ferrets. The data presented contribute to the current knowledge of the pathogenicity of and immunologic response to C. jejuni CG8421 in ferrets and better understanding of this model. C1 [Nemelka, Kevin W.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Vet Med, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Brown, Ammon W.; Wallace, Shannon M.; Asher, Ludmila V.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pathol, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Jones, Erika; Pattarini, Dawn; Applebee, Lisa; Gilliland, Theron C., Jr.; Guerry, Patricia; Baqar, Shahida] USN, Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Nemelka, KW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Vet Med, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM Kevin.nemelka@amedd.army.mil RI Guerry, Patricia/A-8024-2011 FU US Navy Research and Development Command Work Units [6000.RAD1.DA3.A0308] FX These studies were supported by US Navy Research and Development Command Work Units 6000.RAD1.DA3.A0308. The authors have no conflicting financial interests. KWN, AWB, SMK LVA, PG, and SB are employees of the US Government. This work was prepared as part of their official duties. Title 17 USC 101 defines a US Government work as a work prepared by a military service member or employee of the US Government as part of that person's official duties. NR 52 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1532-0820 J9 COMPARATIVE MED JI Comparative Med. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 59 IS 4 BP 363 EP 371 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 489IF UT WOS:000269413000009 PM 19712577 ER PT J AU Kinney, JC Maslowski, W Okkonen, S AF Kinney, J. Clement Maslowski, W. Okkonen, S. TI On the processes controlling shelf-basin exchange and outer shelf dynamics in the Bering Sea SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Bering Sea; Polar oceanography; Numerical models; Ocean circulation ID CHUKCHI SEAS; ARCTIC-OCEAN; CIRCULATION; STRAIT; MODEL; FLOW AB We use a 9-km pan-Arctic ice-ocean model to better understand the circulation and exchanges in the Bering Sea, particularly near the shelf break. This region has, historically, been undersampled for physical, chemical, and biological properties. Very little is known about how water from the deep basin reaches the large, shallow Bering Sea shelf. To address this, we examine here the relationship between the Bering Slope Current and exchange across the shelf break and resulting mass and property fluxes onto the shelf. This understanding is critical to gain insight into the effects that the Bering Sea has on the Arctic Ocean, especially in regard to recent indications of a warming climate in this region. The Bering Sea shelf break region is characterized by the northwestward-flowing Bering Slope Current. Previously, it was thought that once this current neared the Siberian coast, a portion of it made a sharp turn northward and encircled the Gulf of Anadyr in an anticyclonic fashion. Our model results indicate a significantly different circulation scheme whereby water from the deep basin is periodically moved northward onto the shelf by mesoscale processes along the shelf break. Canyons along the shelf break appear to be more prone to eddy activity and, therefore, are associated with higher rates of on-shelf transport. The horizontal resolution configured in this model now allows for the representation of eddies with diameters greater than 36 km; however, we are unable to resolve the smaller eddies. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kinney, J. Clement; Maslowski, W.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Okkonen, S.] Univ Alaska, Inst Marine Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Kinney, JC (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jlclemen@nps.edu FU US National Science Foundation/Shelf-Basin Interactions (SBI) Program; National Science Foundation Office of Polar Program; US Department of Energy Climate Change Prediction Program; National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ocean and Ice Program FX We thank the US National Science Foundation/Shelf-Basin Interactions (SBI) Program for primary support of this research. Additional support has been provided through other National Science Foundation Office of Polar Program (OPP) grants, the US Department of Energy Climate Change Prediction Program (CCPP), and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ocean and Ice Program. Computer resources were provided by the Arctic Region Supercomputing Center (ARSC) through the US Department of Defense High Performance Computer Modernization Program (HPCMP). Support for S. Okkonen was provided by the Cooperative Institute for Arctic Research of the University of Alaska. We thank Rodger Harvey, a guest editor of this volume, and two anonymous reviewers for insightful comments, which improved an earlier version of this manuscript. NR 25 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0967-0645 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr. PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 56 IS 17 BP 1351 EP 1362 DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.10.023 PG 12 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 469EJ UT WOS:000267878200017 ER PT J AU Cunningham, BM AF Cunningham, Brendan M. TI Faculty: Thy administrator's keeper? Some evidence SO ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Principal-agent problem; Tenure ID HIGHER-EDUCATION; TENURE; FIRMS AB Colleges and universities face a principal-agent problem. There are information asymmetries over the actions chosen by administrators. Because non-profit constraints limit the financial stake of trustees there may be insufficient monitoring of administrators and, consequentially, shirking. It is conceivable that faculty will serve as "delegated monitors" given the proper incentives. Faculty monitoring will most likely benefit a university when: (1) monitoring costs are low and (2) administrators cannot impose significant punishment costs on faculty. The practices of organized faculty participation in governance and tenure naturally achieve such ends. Empirical evidence from a sample of colleges and universities in the United States supports the hypothesis that features of a faculty's employment have significant effects on a university's financial performance. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USN Acad, Dept Econ, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Cunningham, BM (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Econ, 589 McNair Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM bcunning@usna.edu NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0272-7757 J9 ECON EDUC REV JI Econ. Educ. Rev. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 28 IS 4 BP 444 EP 453 DI 10.1016/j.econedurev.2008.07.005 PG 10 WC Economics; Education & Educational Research SC Business & Economics; Education & Educational Research GA 464NU UT WOS:000267512600004 ER PT J AU Glaser, DJ AF Glaser, Darrell J. TI Teenage dropouts and drug use: Does the specification of peer group structure matter? SO ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Economics of education; Human capital; Juvenile drug use; Peer effects ID SOCIAL INTERACTIONS AB Four alternative structures of peer groups are compared in an empirical analysis of teenage dropouts and recent drug use. In general, individual-specific covariates remain robust regardless of group structure specification in dropout models, but lose significance in models of drug-use. Estimates of correlated school effects depend on the specification of group structure. Contextual group effects have no influence on the probability that an individual uses drugs, but demonstrate some statistical significance, albeit ambiguous and strongly dependent on the specification of group structure. Endogenous peer effects do not influence the probability of dropping-out of school, but exhibit positive complementarities with respect to recent drug-use. Modeling the probabilities of leaving school and recent drug-use within a jointly distributed empirical framework indicates that unobserved attributes bridging the two types of behavior demonstrate positive correlation. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USN Acad, Dept Econ, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Glaser, DJ (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Econ, 589 McNair Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM dglaser@usna.edu NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0272-7757 J9 ECON EDUC REV JI Econ. Educ. Rev. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 28 IS 4 BP 497 EP 504 DI 10.1016/j.econedurev.2008.11.001 PG 8 WC Economics; Education & Educational Research SC Business & Economics; Education & Educational Research GA 464NU UT WOS:000267512600009 ER PT J AU Dorner, RW Hardy, DR Williams, FW Davis, BH Willauer, HD AF Dorner, Robert W. Hardy, Dennis R. Williams, Frederick W. Davis, Burtron H. Willauer, Heather D. TI Influence of Gas Feed Composition and Pressure on the Catalytic Conversion of CO(2) to Hydrocarbons Using a Traditional Cobalt-Based Fischer-Tropsch Catalyst SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID PRODUCT DISTRIBUTIONS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; CHAIN GROWTH; SURFACES; HYDROGENATION; ADSORPTION; MECHANISM; OXIDES; FLAT AB The hydrogenation of CO(2) using a traditional Fischer-Tropsch Co-Pt/Al(2)O(3) catalyst for the production of valuable hydrocarbon materials is investigated. The ability to direct product distribution was measured as a function of different feed gas ratios of H(2) and CO(2) (3:1, 2:1, and 1:1) as well as operating pressures (ranging from 450 to 150 psig). As the feed gas ratio was changed from 3:1 to 2:1 and 1:1, the production distribution shifted from methane toward higher chain hydrocarbons. This change in feed gas ratio is believed to lower the methanation ability of Co in favor of chain growth, with possibly two different active sites for methane and C(2)-C(4) products. Furthermore, with decreasing pressure, the methane conversion drops slightly in favor of C(2)-C(4) paraffins. Even though under certain reaction conditions product distribution can be shifted slightly away from the formation of methane, the catalyst studied behaves like a methanation catalyst in the hydrogenation of CO(2). C1 [Willauer, Heather D.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Navy Technol Ctr Safety, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Dorner, Robert W.; Hardy, Dennis R.; Williams, Frederick W.; Willauer, Heather D.] USN, Res Lab, Survivabil Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Davis, Burtron H.] Ctr Appl Energy Res, Lexington, KY 40511 USA. RP Willauer, HD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Navy Technol Ctr Safety, Code 6180,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM heather.willauer@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research both directly and through the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 36 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 2 U2 33 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD AUG PY 2009 VL 23 IS 8 BP 4190 EP 4195 DI 10.1021/ef900275m PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 484YY UT WOS:000269088300050 ER PT J AU Destrade, M Jordan, PM Saccomandi, G AF Destrade, M. Jordan, P. M. Saccomandi, G. TI Compact travelling waves in viscoelastic solids SO EPL LA English DT Article ID EQUATIONS; MEDIA AB We introduce a model for nonlinear viscoelastic solids, for which travelling shear waves with compact support are possible. Using analytical and numerical methods, we investigate the general case of this model, and an exact, kink-type travelling-wave solution is obtained as a special case result. Additionally, we derive and examine a new Burgers' type evolution equation based on the introduced constitutive equations. Copyright (C) EPLA, 2009 C1 [Destrade, M.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Elect Elect & Mech Engn, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Jordan, P. M.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Saccomandi, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Ingn Ind, I-06125 Perugia, Italy. RP Destrade, M (reprint author), Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Elect Elect & Mech Engn, Dublin 4, Ireland. EM pjordan@nrlssc.navy.mil RI Saccomandi, Giuseppe/F-8690-2010; OI Saccomandi, Giuseppe/0000-0001-7987-8892; Destrade, Michel/0000-0002-6266-1221 FU European Commission (FP7); ONR/NRL [PE 061153N]; GNFM of INDAM FX MD was supported by a Senior Marie Curie Fellowship awarded by the European Commission (FP7). PMJ received ONR/NRL support (PE 061153N). GS was partially supported by GNFM of INDAM. NR 19 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 9 PU EPL ASSOCIATION, EUROPEAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY PI MULHOUSE PA 6 RUE DES FRERES LUMIERE, MULHOUSE, 68200, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EPL-EUROPHYS LETT JI EPL PD AUG PY 2009 VL 87 IS 4 AR 48001 DI 10.1209/0295-5075/87/48001 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 498MZ UT WOS:000270146400024 ER PT J AU Klamo, JT AF Klamo, Joseph T. TI The application of controlled variable magnetic eddy current damping to the study of vortex-induced vibrations SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID VERY-LOW MASS; CROSS-FLOW; OSCILLATING CYLINDER; FREQUENCY-RESPONSE; CIRCULAR-CYLINDER; FORCES; WAKE; AMPLITUDE; DYNAMICS; MODES AB A powerful variable magnetic eddy current damping system has been constructed and utilized in an experimental study of vortex-induced vibrations (VIV). This damping system allows us to impose precise values of nearly ideal viscous damping over a wide range of damping values of interest. This new damping system offers improvements over previously utilized damping methods. Unlike most studies of VIV, where the damping cannot be independently controlled, we are able to impose our system damping independent of the other system parameters. Also, because the system only requires that a thin conductive plate be attached to the oscillating system, the overall mass of the system does not increase dramatically and still allows the investigation of very low mass systems. Finally, the system can operate in a steady-state fashion, supplying a constant damping value for an extended period of time, or in a transient fashion, where the damping value is intentionally varied over time. With this damping system, we have systematically explored both steady and transient damping effects on VIV behavior and provide a brief overview of some sample results. C1 [Klamo, Joseph T.] CALTECH, Grad Aeronaut Labs, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Klamo, JT (reprint author), USN, US Dept Def, Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, 9500 MacArthur Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM joseph.klamo@navy.mil FU ONR [N00014-94-1-0793]; National Science Foundation FX I would like to thank Prof. Anatol Roshko who initially suggested using eddy currents as a means to generate damping. I am also very grateful to Profs. Anthony Leonard and Morteza Gharib for their insight and suggestions during this work. Finally, I would like to thank Prof. David Goodwin who helped with the estimations of magnetic field strength and the resultant damping during the design stage which allowed for the final product to meet the necessary requirements. This work was supported by ONR grant # N00014-94-1-0793 and a National Science Foundation Graduate Fellowship. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0723-4864 J9 EXP FLUIDS JI Exp. Fluids PD AUG PY 2009 VL 47 IS 2 BP 357 EP 367 DI 10.1007/s00348-009-0664-z PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 474PW UT WOS:000268297400014 ER PT J AU Obenschain, SP Sethian, JD Schmitt, AJ AF Obenschain, S. P. Sethian, J. D. Schmitt, A. J. TI A LASER BASED FUSION TEST FACILITY SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th American-Nuclear-Society Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy CY SEP 28-OCT 02, 2008 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, NO California Sect, Amer Nucl Soc, Fusion Energy Div, Atom Energy Soc Japan, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab ID AREA ELECTRON-BEAM; KRF LASERS; DIODES; ENERGY AB The Fusion Test Facility (FTF) is a high repetition rate ignition facility that would bridge the gap between single shot facilities (such as NIF and LMJ) and a fully functioning laser fusion power plant. It would allow development of science and technologies so that follow-on power plants could have predictable performance. The FTF would need to have enough fusion power, about 100 MW to rigorously test materials and components for the power plants. Because inertial fusion provides a "point" source for neutrons, it can provide very high fluxes for test objects placed close to the target, while the reaction chamber walls remain at conservatively large distances. Simulations indicate that direct-drive designs can achieve 100 MW fusion power with laser energies well below I MJ with a 5 Hz driver. High-resolution 2-D simulations of high-velocity direct-drive implosions utilizing a Krypton-Fluoride (KrF) laser give gains of >60x at 500 kJ, and shock-ignited targets may allow higher gains at even lower driver energy. Utilizing designs that require relatively small driver energy is the most straightforward path to reducing cost and development time for a practical laser fusion energy power plant. A program to develop an FTF would build upon the science and technologies developed in the existing National Ignition Campaign and the High Average Power Laser (HAPL) program, as well as the magnetic fusion technology program. C1 [Obenschain, S. P.; Sethian, J. D.; Schmitt, A. J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Obenschain, SP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 24 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 56 IS 2 BP 594 EP 603 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 483EW UT WOS:000268946200007 ER PT J AU Korsapati, H Babaei, A Bhargava, V Dohil, R Quin, A Mittal, RK AF Korsapati, H. Babaei, A. Bhargava, V. Dohil, R. Quin, A. Mittal, R. K. TI Dysfunction of the longitudinal muscles of the oesophagus in eosinophilic oesophagitis SO GUT LA English DT Article ID CONTRACTION; CHILDREN; PERISTALSIS; ADULTS; TRAFFICKING; EXPRESSION; ASYNCHRONY; CYTOKINES; EOTAXIN; EUS AB Background: Oesophageal motility, as measured by manometry, is normal in the majority of patients with eosinophilic oesophagitis (EO). However, manometry measures only the circular muscle function of the oesophagus. The goal of the present study was to assess circular and longitudinal muscle function during peristalsis in patients with EO. Methods: Ultrasound imaging and manometry were simultaneously acquired during swallow-induced peristalsis in patients with EO and controls to measure the longitudinal muscle and circular muscle contraction, respectively. A probe with an ultrasound transducer was positioned 2 cm and then 10 cm above the lower oesophageal sphincter and five, 5 ml water swallows were recorded before and after edrophonium. Results: There is no difference in the incidence of swallow-induced peristalsis and manometric pressures (a marker of circular muscle contraction) between controls and patients with EO. However, changes in the muscle thickness (a marker of longitudinal muscle contraction) are markedly diminished in patients with EO, at both 2 and 10 cm above the lower oesophageal sphincter. The longitudinal muscle response to edrophonium is markedly blunted in patients with EO. Normal subjects demonstrate synchrony between the circular and longitudinal muscle contraction during peristalsis that is affected by edrophonium. On the other hand, patients with EO demonstrate mild asynchrony of circular and longitudinal muscle contraction during swallow-induced contractions that is not altered by edrophonium. Conclusions: In patients with EO, there is selective dysfunction of the longitudinal muscle contraction during peristalsis. It is proposed that the longitudinal muscle dysfunction in EO may contribute to dysphagia. C1 [Dohil, R.] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Pediat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Korsapati, H.; Babaei, A.; Bhargava, V.; Mittal, R. K.] San Diego VA Hosp, Div Gastroenterol, San Diego, CA USA. [Quin, A.] San Diego Naval Hosp, San Diego, CA USA. RP Mittal, RK (reprint author), Vet Adm Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol 111D, 3350 Jolla Village Dr, San Diego, CA 92161 USA. EM rmittal@ucsd.edu FU NIH [RO-1DK060733] FX This work was supported by an NIH grant-RO-1DK060733. NR 36 TC 46 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD AUG PY 2009 VL 58 IS 8 BP 1056 EP 1062 DI 10.1136/gut.2008.168146 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 469ML UT WOS:000267903400011 PM 19136515 ER PT J AU Raviprakash, K Defang, G Burgess, T Porter, K AF Raviprakash, Kanakatte Defang, Gabriel Burgess, Timothy Porter, Kevin TI Advances in dengue vaccine development SO HUMAN VACCINES LA English DT Review DE dengue; vaccine; review; tropical medicine; flavivirus ID NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; ENVELOPE DOMAIN-III; TYPE-2 DNA VACCINE; RHESUS-MONKEYS; SUBUNIT VACCINE; JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; DEPENDENT ENHANCEMENT; RECOMBINANT SUBUNIT AB Dengue viruses are the most important arboviruses causing human disease. Expansion of the disease in recent decades to include more geographical areas of the world, an appreciation of the disease burden and market potentials have spurred a flurry of activity in the development of vaccines to combat dengue viruses. Recent progress in this area and some of the obstacles associated with this development are discussed. C1 [Raviprakash, Kanakatte] USN, Med Res Ctr, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Raviprakash, Kanakatte; Burgess, Timothy; Porter, Kevin] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Raviprakash, K (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Dept, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Room 3N71, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Kanakatte.raviprakas@med.navy.mil RI Porter, Kevin/A-8027-2011 NR 96 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1002 WEST AVENUE, 2ND FLOOR, AUSTIN, TX 78701 USA SN 1554-8619 J9 HUM VACCINES JI Hum. Vaccines PD AUG PY 2009 VL 5 IS 8 BP 520 EP 528 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA 541LN UT WOS:000273417300003 PM 19535912 ER PT J AU Zajic, AG Stuber, GL AF Zajic, Alenka G. Stueber, Gordon L. TI A Space-Time Code Design for CPM: Diversity Order and Coding Gain SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC 2007) CY JUN 24-28, 2007 CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND SP IEEE DE Coding gain; continuous phase modulation (CPM); determinant criterion; linear decomposition; rank criterion; Rayleigh fading; space-time (ST) coding; spatial diversity; tilted phase ID CONTINUOUS-PHASE MODULATION; 2 TRANSMIT ANTENNAS; PSK MODULATION; BLOCK-CODES; CONSTRUCTION; DECOMPOSITION; CRITERION; TRADEOFF; SYSTEM AB Sufficient conditions are derived under which M-ary partial- and full-response continuous phase modulation (CPM) space-time (ST) codes will attain both full spatial diversity and optimal coding gain. General code construction rules are desirable due to the nonlinearity and inherent memory of the CPM signals which makes manual design or computer search difficult. Using a linear decomposition of CPM signals with tilted phase, we identify a rank criterion for M-ary partial- and full-response CPM that specifies the set of allowable modulation indices. We also propose a coding gain design criterion. Optimization of the coding gain for CPM ST codes is shown to depend on the CPM frequency/phase shaping pulse, modulation index, and codewords. The modulation indices and phase shaping functions that improve the coding gain are specified. Finally, optimization of coding gain for ST-CPM and orthogonal ST-CPM codewords is discussed. C1 [Zajic, Alenka G.; Stueber, Gordon L.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Zajic, AG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9448 J9 IEEE T INFORM THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory PD AUG PY 2009 VL 55 IS 8 BP 3781 EP 3798 DI 10.1109/TIT.2009.2023755 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 472CQ UT WOS:000268107200027 ER PT J AU McKinney, JD Williams, KJ AF McKinney, Jason D. Williams, Keith J. TI Sampled Analog Optical Links SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article DE Analog optical links; microwave photonics; photodiodes; sampling ID MICROWAVE; PHOTODETECTORS AB We present a new intensity-modulated analog optical link architecture in which a pulsed optical carrier replaces the standard low-noise continuous-wave laser. Through a time-domain analysis of the sampled link architecture, we show that the link performance metrics reduce to those of a conventional analog optical link in the absence of photodiode nonlinearity. Experimental measurements of the link gain and third-order nonlinearity are presented, emphasizing the link performance as a function of received photocurrent. The work presented here demonstrates that the performance of sampled analog optical links rivals that of the conventional architecture, even in the presence of significant photodiode nonlinearity. C1 [McKinney, Jason D.; Williams, Keith J.] USN, Res Lab, Photon Technol Branch, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP McKinney, JD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Photon Technol Branch, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jdm@ccs.nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research under the Base Program FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research under the Base Program. NR 21 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 57 IS 8 BP 2093 EP 2099 DI 10.1109/TMTT.2009.2025468 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 482PS UT WOS:000268901800025 ER PT J AU Ferlet-Cavrois, V McMorrow, D Kobayashi, D Fel, N Melinger, JS Schwank, JR Gaillardin, M Pouget, V Essely, F Baggio, J Girard, S Flament, O Paillet, P Flores, RS Dodd, PE Shaneyfelt, MR Hirose, K Saito, H AF Ferlet-Cavrois, V. McMorrow, D. Kobayashi, D. Fel, N. Melinger, J. S. Schwank, J. R. Gaillardin, M. Pouget, V. Essely, F. Baggio, J. Girard, S. Flament, O. Paillet, P. Flores, R. S. Dodd, P. E. Shaneyfelt, M. R. Hirose, K. Saito, H. TI A New Technique for SET Pulse Width Measurement in Chains of Inverters Using Pulsed Laser Irradiation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th European Workshop on Radiation Effects on Components and Systems CY SEP 10-12, 2008 CL Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, Jyvaskyla, FINLAND HO Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys DE Chains of inverters; pulsed laser irradiation; SET width; single event transient ID SINGLE-EVENT TRANSIENTS; PROPAGATION; LOGIC; CMOS; SOI; CIRCUITS AB A new technique is developed to measure precisely and accurately the width of propagating voltage transients induced by irradiation of inverter chains. The technique is based on measurement of the supply current in a detection inverter, and permits a direct determination of the transient width with a 50 GHz bandwidth. C1 [Ferlet-Cavrois, V.; Fel, N.; Gaillardin, M.; Baggio, J.; Girard, S.; Flament, O.; Paillet, P.] CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. [McMorrow, D.; Melinger, J. S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kobayashi, D.; Hirose, K.; Saito, H.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, JAXA, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Pouget, V.; Essely, F.] Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS, UMR 5218, IMS Lab, F-33405 Talence, France. [Schwank, J. R.; Flores, R. S.; Dodd, P. E.; Shaneyfelt, M. R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Ferlet-Cavrois, V (reprint author), CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. RI GIRARD, Sylvain/A-7981-2013 NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 56 IS 4 BP 2014 EP 2020 DI 10.1109/TNS.2009.2017374 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 485WG UT WOS:000269154900020 ER PT J AU Gorzkowski, EP Pan, MJ AF Gorzkowski, Edward P. Pan, Ming-Jen TI Barium Titanate-Polymer Composites Produced via Directional Freezing SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics CY FEB 24-27, 2008 CL Santa Fe, NM SP IEEE AB In this study, we use a freeze casting technique to construct ceramic-polymer composites in which the 2 phases are arranged in an electrically parallel configuration. By doing so, the composites exhibit dielectric constant (K) up to 2 orders or magnitude higher than that of composites with ceramic particles randomly dispersed in a polymer matrix. In this technique, an aqueous ceramic slurry was frozen unidirectionally to form ice platelets and ceramic aggregates that were aligned in the temperature gradient direction. Upon freeze-drying, the ice platelets sublimed and left the lamellar ceramic structure intact. The green ceramic body was fired to retain the microstructure, and then the space between ceramic lamellae was infiltrated with a polymer material. The finished composites exhibit the high dielectric constant (1000) of ferroelectric ceramics while maintaining the unique properties of polymer materials such as graceful failure., low dielectric loss, and high dielectric breakdown. C1 [Gorzkowski, Edward P.; Pan, Ming-Jen] USN, Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gorzkowski, EP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM gorzkows@anvil.nrl.navy.mil NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 13 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD AUG PY 2009 VL 56 IS 8 BP 1613 EP 1616 DI 10.1109/TUFFC.2009.1225 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 477XU UT WOS:000268553100014 PM 19686976 ER PT J AU Santacroce, R Soto, L Tollefson, E AF Santacroce, Rudy Soto, Leticia Tollefson, Eric TI IRAQ'S FLOW SO INDUSTRIAL ENGINEER LA English DT Article C1 [Santacroce, Rudy; Soto, Leticia; Tollefson, Eric] Multinatl Corps Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq. [Santacroce, Rudy] US Army Reserve, Ft Gillem, GA USA. [Santacroce, Rudy] Univ Florida, Dept Ind Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Soto, Leticia] USN, Panama City, FL USA. [Tollefson, Eric] USA, Panama City, FL USA. [Tollefson, Eric] USMA, Dept Syst Engn, West Point, NY USA. RP Santacroce, R (reprint author), Multinatl Corps Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERS PI NORCROSS PA 3577 PARKWAY LANE, STE 200, NORCROSS, GA 30092 USA SN 1542-894X J9 IND ENG JI Ind. Eng PD AUG PY 2009 VL 41 IS 8 BP 24 EP 29 PG 6 WC Engineering, Industrial SC Engineering GA V18MS UT WOS:000208009500016 ER PT J AU Bloom, DC Perkins, JA Manning, SC AF Bloom, David C. Perkins, Jonathan A. Manning, Scott C. TI Management of lymphatic malformations and macroglossia: Results of a national treatment survey SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lymphatic malformation; Lymphangioma; Cystic hygroma; Macroglossia ID LYMPHANGIOMA; NECK; HEAD AB Objective: To determine current trends among American Society of Pediatric Otolaryngology members on the treatment of various stages of lymphatic malformation (LM) with an emphasis on tongue management. Methods: We queried the members on practice demographics, number of LMs and LM-Mac treated, preferred treatment of different stages of LM and Lm-Mac, indications for LM-Mac tongue treatment, preferred method of surgical tongue reduction, and medical management of acutely enlarging LMs and LM-Mac. Results: 39/329 (12%) American Society of Pediatric Otolaryngology members responded to the survey. Airway obstruction or obstructive sleep apnea (27/39, 69%) followed by recurrent tongue trauma with bleeding, pain or mucosal changes (11/39, 28%) were the most common indications for tongue management. 16/37 (43%) of respondents preferred staged tongue reduction followed by neck dissection (cervical approach to the LM), 8/37 (22%) preferred staged neck dissection followed by tongue reduction, and 13/37 (35%) preferred simultaneous treatment of the tongue and neck. The preferred methods of tongue reduction were superficial laser ablation (17/38, 45%) and surgical excision (14/39, 36%). The preferred methods of surgical tongue reduction were anterior wedge (18/38, 47%) and midline keyhole reduction (13/38. 34%). For rapidly enlarging lymphatic malformations involving the tongue, the majority of respondents indicated that they would admit and observe (34/38, 89%), give steroids (34/37, 92%) and administer antibiotics (35/38, 92%). Conclusions: While providing insight into treatment patterns, this survey also helps to elucidate the need for multicenter trials for treatment of LM to develop a standard of care that can be recommended based on evidence based medicine rather. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Bloom, David C.] USN, Hosp Okinawa, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, FPO, AP 96362 USA. [Perkins, Jonathan A.; Manning, Scott C.] Childrens Hosp & Reg Med Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. RP Bloom, DC (reprint author), USN, Hosp Okinawa, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, PSC 482,Box 2918, FPO, AP 96362 USA. EM david.bloom@med.navy.mil FU American Society of Pediatric Otolaryngology Vascular Anomalies Taskforce FX The authors wish to thank the American Society of Pediatric Otolaryngology Vascular Anomalies Taskforce for their assistance and support of this survey. NR 7 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0165-5876 J9 INT J PEDIATR OTORHI JI Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 73 IS 8 BP 1114 EP 1118 DI 10.1016/j.ijporl.2009.04.016 PG 5 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Pediatrics SC Otorhinolaryngology; Pediatrics GA 473PL UT WOS:000268219700011 PM 19515431 ER PT J AU Escamilla, RF Fleisig, GS DeRenne, C Taylor, MK Moorman, CT Imamura, R Barakatt, E Andrews, JR AF Escamilla, Rafael F. Fleisig, Glenn S. DeRenne, Coop Taylor, Marcus K. Moorman, Claude T., III Imamura, Rodney Barakatt, Edward Andrews, James R. TI Effects of Bat Grip on Baseball Hitting Kinematics SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED BIOMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE batting; swing; choke up; biomechanics ID GROUND REACTION FORCES; MECHANICS AB A motion system collected 120-Hz data from 14 baseball adult hitters using normal and choke-up bat grips. Six swings were digitized for each hitter, and temporal and kinematic parameters were calculated. Compared with a normal grip, the choke-up grip resulted in 1) less time during stride phase and swing; 2) the upper torso more opened at lead foot contact; 3) the pelvis more closed and less bat linear velocity at bat-ball contact; 4) less range of motion of the upper torso and pelvis during swing; 5) greater elbow flexion at lead foot contact; and 6) greater peak fight elbow extension angular velocity. The decreased time during the stride phase when using a choke-up grip implies that hitters quicken their stride when they choke up. Less swing time duration and less upper torso and pelvis rotation range of motion using the choke-up grip supports the belief of many coaches and players that using a choke-up grip results in a "quicker" swing. However, the belief that using a choke-up grip leads to a faster moving bat was not supported by the results of this study. C1 [Escamilla, Rafael F.; Barakatt, Edward] Calif State Univ Sacramento, Dept Phys Therapy, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. [Escamilla, Rafael F.; Andrews, James R.] Andrews Paulos Res & Educ Inst, Gulf Breeze, FL USA. [Fleisig, Glenn S.; Andrews, James R.] Amer Sports Med Inst, Birmingham, AL USA. [DeRenne, Coop] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Kinesiol & Rehabil Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Taylor, Marcus K.] USN, Aerosp Med Res Lab, Pensacola, FL USA. [Moorman, Claude T., III] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Orthopaed Surg & Duke Sports Med, Durham, NC USA. [Imamura, Rodney] Calif State Univ Sacramento, Kinesiol & Hlth Sci Dept, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. RP Escamilla, RF (reprint author), Calif State Univ Sacramento, Dept Phys Therapy, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 22 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1065-8483 J9 J APPL BIOMECH JI J. Appl. Biomech. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 25 IS 3 BP 203 EP 209 PG 7 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Sport Sciences SC Engineering; Sport Sciences GA 481BL UT WOS:000268781500002 PM 19827469 ER PT J AU Escamilla, RF Fleisig, GS DeRenne, C Taylor, MK Moorman, CT Imamura, R Barakatt, E Andrews, JR AF Escamilla, Rafael F. Fleisig, Glenn S. DeRenne, Coop Taylor, Marcus K. Moorman, Claude T., III Imamura, Rodney Barakatt, Edward Andrews, James R. TI A Comparison of Age Level on Baseball Hitting Kinematics SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED BIOMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE batting; swing; biomechanics; youth; adult; mechanics ID GROUND REACTION FORCES; VELOCITIES; MECHANICS AB We propose that learning proper hitting kinematics should be encouraged at a young age during youth baseball because this may help reinforce proper hitting kinematics as a player progresses to higher levels of baseball in their adult years. To enhance our understanding between youth and adult baseball hitting, kinematic and temporal analyses of baseball hitting were evaluated with a high-speed motion analysis system between 12 skilled youth and 12 skilled adult baseball players. There were only a small number of temporal differences between youth and adult hitters, with adult hitters taking significantly greater time than youth hitters during the stride phase and during the swing. Compared with youth hitters, adult hitters a) had significantly greater (p < .01) lead knee flexion when the hands started to move forward; b) flexed the lead knee over a greater range of motion during the transition phase (31 degrees versus 13 degrees); c) extended the lead knee over a greater range of motion during the bat acceleration phase (59 degrees versus 32 degrees); d) maintained a more open pelvis position at lead foot off ground; and e) maintained a more open upper torso position when the hands started to move forward and a more closed upper torso position at bat-ball contact. Moreover, adult hitters had greater peak upper torso angular velocity (857 degrees/s versus 717 degrees/s), peak left elbow extension angular velocity (752 degrees/s versus 598 degrees/s), peak left knee extension angular velocity (386 degrees/s versus 303 degrees/s), and bat linear velocity at bat-ball contact (30 m/s versus 25 m/s). The numerous differences in kinematic and temporal parameters between youth and adult hitters suggest that hitting mechanics are different between these two groups. C1 [Escamilla, Rafael F.; Barakatt, Edward] Calif State Univ Sacramento, Dept Phys Therapy, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. [Escamilla, Rafael F.; Andrews, James R.] Andrews Paulos Res & Educ Inst, Gulf Breeze, FL USA. [Fleisig, Glenn S.; Andrews, James R.] Amer Sports Med Inst, Birmingham, AL USA. [DeRenne, Coop] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Kinesiol & Rehabil Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Taylor, Marcus K.] USN, Aerosp Med Res Lab, Pensacola, FL USA. [Moorman, Claude T., III] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Orthopaed Surg & Duke Sports Med, Durham, NC USA. [Imamura, Rodney] Calif State Univ Sacramento, Kinesiol & Hlth Sci Dept, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. RP Escamilla, RF (reprint author), Calif State Univ Sacramento, Dept Phys Therapy, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. NR 19 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 21 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1065-8483 J9 J APPL BIOMECH JI J. Appl. Biomech. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 25 IS 3 BP 210 EP 218 PG 9 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Sport Sciences SC Engineering; Sport Sciences GA 481BL UT WOS:000268781500003 PM 19827470 ER PT J AU Andrei, P Kruppa, W Boos, JB Bennett, BR AF Andrei, Petru Kruppa, Walter Boos, J. Brad Bennett, Brian R. TI Spatial localization of 1/f noise sources in AlSb/InAs high-electron-mobility transistors SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE aluminium compounds; high electron mobility transistors; III-V semiconductors; indium compounds; least squares approximations; localised states; optimisation; semiconductor device noise ID LOW-FREQUENCY NOISE; INAS/ALSB QUANTUM-WELLS; DEVICES; HEMT; AMPLIFIER; SEMICONDUCTOR; RELIABILITY; INTERFACE; LAYERS; STATE AB A numerical technique is developed for the spatial localization of 1/f noise sources in AlSb/InAs high-electron-mobility transistors. The technique is based on the microscopic modeling of 1/f noise using the method of Langevin random sources, in which the noise sources are introduced nonuniformly throughout the device. An efficient algorithm is proposed for the determination of the spatial distribution of these noise sources and local (mesh point) values of the Hooge parameter. The algorithm takes advantage of the linearity between the terminal noise current and the power of the noise sources and uses an optimization approach based on linear least-squares minimizations to find the distribution from the experimental noise characteristics. The density of noise sources in the InAs channel is found to be much larger near the top interface than at the bottom interface. The local values of the Hooge parameter vary from 10(-2) at the top to 3x10(-4) at the bottom of the channel. C1 [Andrei, Petru] Florida State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Kruppa, Walter; Boos, J. Brad; Bennett, Brian R.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Andrei, P (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. EM pandrei@eng.fsu.edu RI Bennett, Brian/A-8850-2008 OI Bennett, Brian/0000-0002-2437-4213 FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors thank M. G. Ancona for many useful discussions and critical recommendations. P. Andrei thanks the Naval Research Laboratory and the American Society for Engineering Education for support under the Summer Faculty Research Program. The work was partially supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 3 AR 034504 DI 10.1063/1.3194312 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 484QA UT WOS:000269060700087 ER PT J AU Yu, RH Anisha, R Jin, N Chung, SY Berger, PR Gramila, TJ Thompson, PE AF Yu, Ronghua Anisha, R. Jin, Niu Chung, Sung-Yong Berger, Paul R. Gramila, Thomas J. Thompson, Phillip E. TI Observation of strain in pseudomorphic Si1-xGex by tracking phonon participation in Si/SiGe resonant interband tunnel diodes via electron tunneling spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE compressive strength; elemental semiconductors; Ge-Si alloys; internal stresses; phonons; resonant tunnelling diodes; silicon; tunnelling ID MIXED-SIGNAL APPLICATIONS; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; CURRENT DENSITIES; SI; TEMPERATURE; SILICON; LAYERS; GERMANIUM; JUNCTIONS; KA/CM(2) AB High-sensitivity and low-noise electron tunneling spectroscopy was used to measure the phonon spectra via band-to-band tunneling in Si/SiGe resonant interband tunneling diodes (RITD), tracking the effects of the weighted average Ge percentage in the central tunneling spacer. With a composite RITD tunneling barrier consisting of 4 nm of intrinsic Si0.60Ge0.40 and n nm of intrinsic Si (n=4,6,8,10) all grown on Si substrates, the transverse acoustic (TA) phonon of Si0.60Ge0.40 was identified and the energy was measured to be 16 +/- 1 meV. This is higher than the similar to 14 meV energy of the TA phonon in Si0.60Ge0.40 reported from measurements of Esaki tunnel diodes fabricated from bulk single crystals. The increase is attributed to the compressive strain in the Si0.60Ge0.40 layer grown on Si substrates. The observation of the upshift of phonon energy with strain by electron tunneling spectroscopy demonstrates the capability of electron tunneling spectroscopy to characterize residual strain. C1 [Yu, Ronghua; Berger, Paul R.; Gramila, Thomas J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Anisha, R.; Jin, Niu; Chung, Sung-Yong; Berger, Paul R.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Thompson, Phillip E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Berger, PR (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM pberger@ieee.org RI Berger, Paul/I-4063-2014 OI Berger, Paul/0000-0002-2656-2349 FU NSF [DMR-0103248]; ONR; OSU Physics Department FX This work at OSU was partially supported by the NSF (Grant No. DMR-0103248). The work at NRL was supported by ONR. R. Y. would like to acknowledge the support provided by the OSU Physics Department. In fond memory of Ralph A. Logan, a former Bell Labs colleague (PRB), who sadly left us December 2006. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 3 AR 034501 DI 10.1063/1.3187832 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 484QA UT WOS:000269060700084 ER PT J AU Jensen, KL Montgomery, EJ AF Jensen, Kevin L. Montgomery, Eric J. TI Photoemission Theory and the Development of High Performance Photocathodes SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND THEORETICAL NANOSCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Accelerators; Alpha Semiconductor; Dispenser Cathode; Electron Beams; Electron Emission; Free Electron Laser; Photocathode; Quantum Efficiency; Surface Coatings ID FREE-ELECTRON LASERS; PHOTOELECTRIC-EMISSION; WORK FUNCTION; OPTICAL-ABSORPTION; REFRACTORY METALS; SURFACE-DIFFUSION; THIN-FILMS; CESIUM; EQUATION; TUNGSTEN AB Photocathodes are a critical electron source component of accelerators and Free Electron Lasers, but their susceptibility to damage in the harsh environment of an rf photoinjector motivates methods to improve their Quantum Efficiency (QE), lifetime, and performance. In this review, we give an overview of photoemission theory and photocathode development, then describe the status of theoretical modeling of photoemission and the surface conditions of photocathodes that are central to their performance and operation. These models are then related to ongoing experimental efforts to vet the theory and develop a dispenser photocathode that relies on rejuvenating low work function coatings to maintain performance. C1 [Jensen, Kevin L.] USN, Res Lab, Vacuum Elect Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Montgomery, Eric J.] Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 21036 USA. RP Jensen, KL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Vacuum Elect Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Jensen, Kevin/I-1269-2015 OI Jensen, Kevin/0000-0001-8644-1680 FU Joint Technology Office; Office of Naval Research FX We gratefully acknowledge support provided by the Joint Technology Office and the Office of Naval Research. We also thank the following for useful discussions and insightful suggestions: P. G. O'Shea, D. W. Feldman, N. A. Moody, Z. Pan, J. Shaw, J. Yater, D. Dowell, J. Smedley, and M. Kordesh. NR 88 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 25 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI VALENCIA PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA SN 1546-1955 J9 J COMPUT THEOR NANOS JI J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 6 IS 8 SI SI BP 1754 EP 1769 DI 10.1166/jctn.2009.1241 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 495JL UT WOS:000269887100003 ER PT J AU Jensen, B Jensen, KL AF Jensen, Barbara Jensen, Kevin L. TI The Quantum Mechanical Extension of the Drude Zener Theory and the Optical Constants of an Alpha Semiconductor SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND THEORETICAL NANOSCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Alpha Semiconductor; Drude Model; Cross Sections; Dielectric Constant; Hyperbolic Band Structure; Optical Constants; Scattering Rates ID POLAR SEMICONDUCTORS; ABSORPTION AB For a physical III-V or II-VI semiconductor, the optical constants, absorption coefficient, electron scattering cross section, and electron scattering rate are commonly derived from a quantum mechanical theory, using either a density matrix approach or second order perturbation theory. Generally, a number of material parameters are involved and numerical computation is required for results. This paper presents a theoretical model of a simplified "alpha semiconductor" that elucidates the relation between the optical constants and the underlying quantum mechanical processes, predicts the order of magnitude of optical quantities, and in some limits enables their calculation in terms of simpler analytical expressions. In particular the effective electron mass of the alpha semiconductor is related only to, and can be inferred from, the band gap energy. Comparisons are made between the alpha semiconductor model and various physical III-V and II-VI semiconductors for a variety of compounds. The alpha semiconductor model makes possible a theoretical treatment in which parameters can be approximated rather than treated as adjustable, thereby avoiding excessive numerical computation, and its application to the modeling of photoemission is briefly described. C1 [Jensen, Kevin L.] USN, Res Lab, ESTD, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Jensen, Barbara] Boston Univ, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Jensen, Barbara] Univ Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. RP Jensen, KL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, ESTD, Code 6843, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Jensen, Kevin/I-1269-2015 OI Jensen, Kevin/0000-0001-8644-1680 NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI STEVENSON RANCH PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA SN 1546-1955 J9 J COMPUT THEOR NANOS JI J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 6 IS 8 BP 1770 EP 1788 DI 10.1166/jctn.2009.1242 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 495JL UT WOS:000269887100004 ER PT J AU Furstenberg, R Papantonakis, MR Kendziora, CA AF Furstenberg, Robert Papantonakis, Michael R. Kendziora, C. A. TI Characterization of CdTe and HgCdTe by Photo-Thermal Excitation Spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 27th US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY NOV 11-13, 2009 CL Las Vegas, NV SP USA CECOM Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, USA Res Lab, USA SMDC, USN, Electro Opt Ctr, Penn State Appl Res Lab, Off Naval Res, USAF Res Lab, Minerals, Met & Mat Soc, Amer Phys Soc DE Photo-thermal imaging; photo-thermal spectroscopy; CdZnTe; CdTe; HgCdTe; absorption coefficient; bandgap ID ALLOY COMPOSITION; TEMPERATURE; ABSORPTION AB We report an infrared photo-thermal excitation imaging and spectroscopy study of CdTe and CdZnTe substrates as well as HgCdTe/CdZnTe and HgCdTe/Si epilayers. The applicability, advantages, and limitations of the technique as a tool for both ex situ and in situ monitoring of bandgap, thickness, and growth temperature are discussed. We show that photo-thermal imaging allows for direct visual imaging of the bandgap region of CdTe and CdZnTe substrates. We also show that photo-thermal spectroscopy can provide epilayer thickness information independent of the dielectric function. The method is orthogonal to existing optical characterization techniques and could be combined with them for improved accuracy. C1 [Furstenberg, Robert; Papantonakis, Michael R.; Kendziora, C. A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Furstenberg, R (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kendzior@ccs.nrl.navy.mil RI Papantonakis, Michael/G-3888-2012 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 38 IS 8 BP 1533 EP 1538 DI 10.1007/s11664-009-0696-4 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 480OK UT WOS:000268745400004 ER PT J AU Zimmer, GJ Fagen, K Shepherd, M Boswell, G AF Zimmer, Gregory J. Fagen, Kimberly Shepherd, Matthew Boswell, Gilbert TI AN UNUSUAL CAUSE OF POSTPARTUM ABDOMINAL PAIN: CASE REPORT SO JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE ovarian vein thrombosis; postpartum; abdominal pain; emergency department; CT scan ID OVARIAN VEIN THROMBOPHLEBITIS; THROMBOSIS AB Abdominal pain is a common presenting complaint in the Emergency Department. It extends to all populations regardless of age, sex, or socioeconomic status. After gathering a history and examining the patient, most Emergency Physicians form a differential diagnosis and initiate an appropriate work-up. However, in the postpartum woman, additional causes must be considered and treated accordingly, knowing that there are consequences for both mother and child. We present a case of a postpartum woman presenting with right-sided abdominal pain, the cause of which, although atypical, has potential for significant morbidity and mortality if it goes undiscovered. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Zimmer, Gregory J.; Shepherd, Matthew] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Fagen, Kimberly; Boswell, Gilbert] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Zimmer, GJ (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0736-4679 J9 J EMERG MED JI J. Emerg. Med. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 37 IS 2 BP 135 EP 138 DI 10.1016/j.jemermed.2007.09.049 PG 4 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 494LF UT WOS:000269813600005 PM 18572346 ER PT J AU Devgan, PS Urick, VJ Diehl, JF Williams, KJ AF Devgan, Preetpaul S. Urick, Vincent J. Diehl, John F. Williams, Keith J. TI Improvement in the Phase Noise of a 10 GHz Optoelectronic Oscillator Using All-Photonic Gain SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Low-biased Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM); optical amplification; optoelectronic oscillators ID ANALOG FIBEROPTIC LINK; MACH-ZEHNDER MODULATOR; OPTICAL PULSES; PERFORMANCE AB We have investigated the improvement in the phase noise of a 10 GHz optoelectronic oscillator using all-photonic gain as compared to using an electronic amplifier in the cavity. The optoelectronic oscillator achieves the necessary RF gain for oscillation by using the carrier-suppression technique of a low-biased Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) followed by optical amplification. The measured RF gain due to this all-photonic technique is as high as 15 dB and matches well with theoretical predictions. The phase noise of the generated 10 GHz signal is at least 10 dB lower than the signal from the same oscillator using an electronic amplifier. The improvement in the phase noise is due to the lower RF noise figure of the all-photonic gain process as compared to the electronic amplifier configuration. C1 [Devgan, Preetpaul S.; Urick, Vincent J.; Williams, Keith J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Diehl, John F.] SFA Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. RP Devgan, PS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM pdevgan@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; vurick@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; jdiehl@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; keith.williams@nrl.navy.mil NR 19 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0733-8724 J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL JI J. Lightwave Technol. PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 15 BP 3189 EP 3193 DI 10.1109/JLT.2008.2009472 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA 474LG UT WOS:000268284200009 ER PT J AU Frigo, NJ Bucholtz, F AF Frigo, Nicholas J. Bucholtz, Frank TI Geometrical Representation of Optical Propagation Phase SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Birefringence; coupled mode analysis; interferometry; optical fiber propagation; polarization ID FIBERS; PMD AB States of two-level systems (systems with two eigen-states, such as optical propagation of polarized light or spin 1/2) are conventionally represented by 2 x 1 complex vectors or real 3 x 1 geometric vectors. A limitation of geometrical representations is an inability to represent overall phase, important in optical and quantum interference applications. We propose an extension of the usual geometrical representation for such systems, representing the overall phase as an additional, internal, spin of the geometric state vector. We generalize the earlier representations to include this phase, establish rules for its representation and calculation, and illustrate our model by analyzing an optical interferometer. C1 [Frigo, Nicholas J.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Bucholtz, Frank] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Frigo, NJ (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM frigo@usna.edu; frank.bucholtz@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N0017307WR00301] FX Manuscript received November 24, 2008; revised March 14, 2009. First version published May 02, 2009; current version published July 20, 2009. This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) under Grant N0017307WR00301. NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0733-8724 J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL JI J. Lightwave Technol. PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 15 BP 3283 EP 3293 DI 10.1109/JLT.2009.2019611 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA 474LG UT WOS:000268284200021 ER PT J AU Hong, XD Martin, PJ Wang, SP Rowley, C AF Hong, Xiaodong Martin, Paul J. Wang, Shouping Rowley, Clark TI High SST variability south of Martha's Vineyard: Observation and modeling study SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE High SST variability; Tidal mixing; Atmospheric forcing; High model resolution ID OCEAN DATA ASSIMILATION; SEA; WATER; GULF AB High, small-scale SST variability (6 degrees C over 5-10 km) observed South of Martha's Vineyard during the low-wind component of the Coupled Boundary Layers Air-Sea Transfer (CBLAST-Low) oceanographic field program in August 2003 is investigated using the Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM), with atmospheric forcing provided by the Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS (R)).(1) The ocean model includes tidal boundary forcing by the eight major tidal constituents, which is superimposed on the non-tidal lateral boundary conditions obtained from the 1/8 degrees global NCOM real-time hindcast. The simulation is conducted with a high-resolution, 200-m grid, with bathymetry from the NGDC 3-arc-second Coastal Relief Model. The COAMPS fields, tidal forcing and NCOM results are evaluated with the CBLAST-Low observations and previous results. Both the simulation and observation analyses reveal that SST variability south of Martha's Vineyard is significant on August 18 and 25 and is strongly related to the cooling events on August 17 to 18 and August 24 to 25. The northeast winds passing through Muskeget Channel generate sharp horizontal SST gradients on August 18 by accelerating the westward transport of cold water from the cold, tidally-mixed Nantucket Shoals and by wind-induced upwelling and surface-cooling-induced vertical mixing. The mechanism of SST change on August 25 is differentiated from the change on August 18 by the northwest winds being unfavorable to the westward transport of cold water. The SST cooling on August 25 is mainly caused by local vertical mixing induced by heat lost. (C) Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Hong, Xiaodong; Wang, Shouping] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Martin, Paul J.; Rowley, Clark] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Hong, XD (reprint author), 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93955 USA. EM xd.hong@nrlmry.navy.mil OI Rowley, Clark/0000-0003-3496-6404 FU Office of Naval Research, Ocean Modeling and Prediction Program [8068085] FX The support of the sponsors, the Office of Naval Research, Ocean Modeling and Prediction Program, through program element 8068085 is gratefully acknowledged. We thank Pelican Research Aircraft team for SST measurement. Computations were performed on the IBM P4+ at the Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVO) Major Shared Resource Center (MSRC) at Stennis Space Center, Mississippi. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-7963 J9 J MARINE SYST JI J. Mar. Syst. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 78 IS 1 BP 59 EP 76 DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2009.03.001 PG 18 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 479ZO UT WOS:000268701200006 ER PT J AU Huang, MX Theilmann, RJ Robb, A Angeles, A Nichols, S Drake, A D'Andrea, J Levy, M Holland, M Song, T Ge, S Hwang, E Yoo, K Cui, L Baker, DG Trauner, D Coimbra, R Lee, RR AF Huang, Ming-Xiong Theilmann, Rebecca J. Robb, Ashley Angeles, Annemarie Nichols, Sharon Drake, Angela D'Andrea, John Levy, Michael Holland, Martin Song, Tao Ge, Sheng Hwang, Eric Yoo, Kevin Cui, Li Baker, Dewleen G. Trauner, Doris Coimbra, Raul Lee, Roland R. TI Integrated Imaging Approach with MEG and DTI to Detect Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Military and Civilian Patients SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Article DE concussion; diffusion tensor imaging; head injury; magnetoencephalography; slow wave; traumatic brain injury ID DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY; SPACE SEPARATION METHOD; HEAD-INJURY; DELTA WAVES; SPATIAL STATISTICS; VOXELWISE ANALYSIS; IMAGES; EEG; REGISTRATION; INTERFERENCE AB Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of sustained impairment in military and civilian populations. However, mild (and some moderate) TBI can be difficult to diagnose due to lack of obvious external injuries and because the injuries are often not visible on conventional acute MRI or CT. Injured brain tissues in TBI patients generate pathological low-frequency neuronal magnetic signal (delta waves 1-4 Hz) that can be measured and localized by magnetoencephalography (MEG). We hypothesize that abnormal MEG delta waves originate from gray matter neurons that experience de-afferentation due to axonal injury to the underlying white matter fiber tracts, which is manifested on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) as reduced fractional anisotropy. The present study used a neuroimaging approach integrating findings of magnetoencephalography (MEG) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), evaluating their utility in diagnosing mild TBI in 10 subjects in whom conventional CT and MRI showed no visible lesions in 9. The results show: (1) the integrated approach with MEG and DTI is more sensitive than conventional CT and MRI in detecting subtle neuronal injury in mild TBI; (2) MEG slow waves in mild TBI patients originate from cortical gray matter areas that experience de-afferentation due to axonal injuries in the white matter fibers with reduced fractional anisotropy; (3) findings from the integrated imaging approach are consistent with post-concussive symptoms; (4) in some cases, abnormal MEG delta waves were observed in subjects without obvious DTI abnormality, indicating that MEG may be more sensitive than DTI in diagnosing mild TBI. C1 [Huang, Ming-Xiong] Univ Calif San Diego, Radiol Imaging Lab, Dept Radiol, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Nichols, Sharon; Trauner, Doris] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Neurosci, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Baker, Dewleen G.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Coimbra, Raul] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Surg, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Huang, Ming-Xiong; Robb, Ashley; Angeles, Annemarie; D'Andrea, John; Baker, Dewleen G.; Coimbra, Raul; Lee, Roland R.] VA San Diego Healthcare Syst, Res Serv, San Diego, CA USA. [Huang, Ming-Xiong; Robb, Ashley; Angeles, Annemarie; D'Andrea, John; Baker, Dewleen G.; Coimbra, Raul; Lee, Roland R.] VA San Diego Healthcare Syst, Serv Radiol, San Diego, CA USA. [Huang, Ming-Xiong; Robb, Ashley; Angeles, Annemarie; D'Andrea, John; Baker, Dewleen G.; Coimbra, Raul; Lee, Roland R.] VA San Diego Healthcare Syst, Rehabil Serv, San Diego, CA USA. [Huang, Ming-Xiong; Robb, Ashley; Angeles, Annemarie; D'Andrea, John; Baker, Dewleen G.; Coimbra, Raul; Lee, Roland R.] VA San Diego Healthcare Syst, Psychiat Serv, San Diego, CA USA. [Nichols, Sharon; Drake, Angela; Holland, Martin] San Diego Naval Hosp, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Levy, Michael] Univ Calif San Diego, Childrens Hosp San Diego, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Yoo, Kevin] Palomar Neurosurg Ctr, Poway, CA USA. RP Huang, MX (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Radiol Imaging Lab, Dept Radiol, 3510 Dunhill St, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. EM mxhuang@ucsd.edu FU Department of Veterans Affairs [051455]; M.-X. H [060812]; R.R.L [E4477-R] FX This work was supported in part by three merit review grants from the Department of Veterans Affairs (051455 and 060812 to M.-X. H.; E4477-R to R.R.L.). We thank Michael Kilmer, Diane Delrey, Catherine Cheung, Angelica Dilay, Susan Yoder, Richard Daugherty, and Terry Curry for their efforts with patient recruitment. We would also like to thank two anonymous reviewers' constructive suggestions that substantially strengthened the present study. NR 55 TC 91 Z9 92 U1 4 U2 9 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD AUG PY 2009 VL 26 IS 8 BP 1213 EP 1226 DI 10.1089/neu.2008.0672 PG 14 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 479AF UT WOS:000268629900005 PM 19385722 ER PT J AU Readnower, R McCarron, R Chavko, M Adeeb, S Sullivan, P AF Readnower, Ryan McCarron, Richard Chavko, Mikulas Adeeb, Saleena Sullivan, Patrick TI BLAST INDUCED NEUROTRAUMA IN THE RAT BRAIN SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 2nd Joint Symposium of the National-and-International-Neurotrauma-Societies CY SEP 07-11, 2009 CL Santa Barbara, CA SP Natl & Int Neurotrauma Soc C1 [Readnower, Ryan; Sullivan, Patrick] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA. [McCarron, Richard; Chavko, Mikulas; Adeeb, Saleena] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD AUG PY 2009 VL 26 IS 8 MA P337 BP A87 EP A87 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 479AF UT WOS:000268629900356 ER PT J AU Teranishi, K Chavko, M Adeeb, S Carroll, E Mccarron, R AF Teranishi, Kohsuke Chavko, Mikulas Adeeb, Saleena Carroll, Erica Mccarron, Richard TI BLAST-INDUCED NEUROPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN BRAIN IN RELATION TO DIFFERENT ORIENTATION TO BLAST SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 2nd Joint Symposium of the National-and-International-Neurotrauma-Societies CY SEP 07-11, 2009 CL Santa Barbara, CA SP Natl & Int Neurotrauma Soc C1 [Teranishi, Kohsuke; Chavko, Mikulas; Adeeb, Saleena; Mccarron, Richard] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Carroll, Erica] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Teranishi, Kohsuke] Juntendo Grad Sch Med, Dept Neurosurg, Tokyo, Japan. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD AUG PY 2009 VL 26 IS 8 MA P11 BP A4 EP A4 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 479AF UT WOS:000268629900036 ER PT J AU Janssen, TT Herbers, THC AF Janssen, T. T. Herbers, T. H. C. TI Nonlinear Wave Statistics in a Focal Zone SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID INTERMEDIATE WATER DEPTH; SURFACE GRAVITY-WAVES; FREAK WAVES; EVOLUTION-EQUATIONS; ZAKHAROV EQUATION; STOKES WAVES; SEA; MODEL; PROBABILITY; DIFFRACTION AB In this paper, the combined effects of refraction and nonlinearity on the evolution of ocean surface wave statistics are considered and possible implications for the likelihood of extreme waves, also known as freak or rogue waves, are examined. A frequency-angular spectrum model is derived that accounts for cubic nonlinear dynamics and weak lateral homogeneity of the medium. Through Monte Carlo simulations, the evolution of wave statistics in freely developing waves, waves over an opposing shearing current, and waves refracted over an isolated topographical feature is modeled. The simulations show that freely developing, directionally spread wave fields generally maintain near-Gaussian statistics, which was also found in earlier model studies. However, the enhanced nonlinearity caused by the refractive focusing of narrowband wave fields can result locally in strongly non-Gaussian statistics and an associated increased likelihood of extreme wave events. C1 [Janssen, T. T.] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Geosci, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. [Herbers, T. H. C.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Janssen, TT (reprint author), San Francisco State Univ, Dept Geosci, 1600 Holloway Ave, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. EM tjanssen@sfsu.edu FU National Research Council in the United States; National Science Foundation (Physical Oceanography Program); U.S. Office of Naval Research FX This research was performed while TTJ held a Research Associateship awarded by the National Research Council in the United States. We gratefully acknowledge the funding for this work provided by the National Science Foundation (Physical Oceanography Program) and the U.S. Office of Naval Research (Coastal Geosciences Program and Physical Oceanography Program). We thank Alex Babanin and Miguel Onorato for their useful comments and suggestions. NR 65 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-3670 EI 1520-0485 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 39 IS 8 BP 1948 EP 1964 DI 10.1175/2009JPO4124.1 PG 17 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 487HR UT WOS:000269263100012 ER PT J AU Katritzky, AR Song, YM Sakhuja, R Gyanda, R Meher, NK Wang, L Duran, RS Ciaramitaro, DA Bedford, CD AF Katritzky, Alan R. Song, Yuming Sakhuja, Rajeev Gyanda, Reena Meher, Nabin K. Wang, Ling Duran, Randolph S. Ciaramitaro, David A. Bedford, Clifford D. TI Synthesis of Boltorn 1,2,3-Triazole Dendrimers by Click Chemistry SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART A-POLYMER CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE boltorn hyperbranched polymers; dendrimers; esterification; polyesters; synthesis; triazole-polymers ID HYPERBRANCHED ALIPHATIC POLYESTER; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; 1,3-DIPOLAR CYCLOADDITION; MATERIALS SCIENCE; POLYMERS; AZIDES; ALKYNES; RESINS; MULTICOMPONENT; FUNCTIONALITY AB Second-, third-, and fourth-generation hyperbranched aliphatic polyols namely Boltorn (R) H20, Boltorn H30, and Boltorn H40 were endcapped with azido and activated acetylenic groups in good to excellent yields (75-95%) following an acid catalyzed procedure. The resultant terminally functionalized dendritic azido and acetylenic groups undergo 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition using methyl (or ethyl) propiolate and benzyl azide, respectively, under catalytic or noncatalytic conditions below 40 C to yield 1,2,3-triazole dendrimeric polymers in 82-95% yield, under extremely mild conditions that could be applied for compounds sensitive to acid, base, or heat. The dendritic azido and activated acetylenic derivatives may act as novel scaffolds to tune the mechanical properties of different polymers. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 3748-3756, 2009 C1 [Katritzky, Alan R.; Song, Yuming; Sakhuja, Rajeev; Gyanda, Reena; Meher, Nabin K.] Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Ctr Heterocycl Cpds, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Wang, Ling; Duran, Randolph S.] Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Polymer Res Lab, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Ciaramitaro, David A.; Bedford, Clifford D.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Katritzky, AR (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Ctr Heterocycl Cpds, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM katritzky@chem.ufl.edu NR 57 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 12 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-624X J9 J POLYM SCI POL CHEM JI J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem. PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 47 IS 15 BP 3748 EP 3756 DI 10.1002/pola.23427 PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 471CN UT WOS:000268032300004 ER PT J AU Stephen, RA Bolmer, ST Dzieciuch, MA Worcester, PF Andrew, RK Buck, LJ Mercer, JA Colosi, JA Howe, BM AF Stephen, Ralph A. Bolmer, S. Thompson Dzieciuch, Matthew A. Worcester, Peter F. Andrew, Rex K. Buck, Linda J. Mercer, James A. Colosi, John A. Howe, Bruce M. TI Deep seafloor arrivals: An unexplained set of arrivals in long-range ocean acoustic propagation SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID NORTH PACIFIC-OCEAN; PARABOLIC EQUATION; SOUND-PROPAGATION; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; WAVE-PROPAGATION; T-WAVES; ATTENUATION; SCATTERING; COHERENCE; BOTTOM AB Receptions, from a ship-suspended source (in the band 50-100 Hz) to an ocean bottom seismometer (about 5000 m depth) and the deepest element on a vertical hydrophone array (about 750 m above the seafloor) that were acquired on the 2004 Long-Range Ocean Acoustic Propagation Experiment in the North Pacific Ocean, are described. The ranges varied from 50 to 3200 km. In addition to predicted ocean acoustic arrivals and deep shadow zone arrivals (leaking below turning points), "deep seafloor arrivals," that are dominant on the seafloor geophone but are absent or very weak on the hydrophone array, are observed. These deep seafloor arrivals are an unexplained set of arrivals in ocean acoustics possibly associated with seafloor interface waves. (C) 2009 Acoustical Society of America. [DOI: 10.1121/1.3158826] C1 [Stephen, Ralph A.; Bolmer, S. Thompson] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Dzieciuch, Matthew A.; Worcester, Peter F.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Andrew, Rex K.; Buck, Linda J.; Mercer, James A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Colosi, John A.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Howe, Bruce M.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Stephen, RA (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RI Dzieciuch, Matthew/F-9342-2013; Howe, Bruce/J-2807-2012; OI Howe, Bruce/0000-0001-5711-5253; Stephen, Ralph/0000-0003-0937-2049 FU Office of Naval Research [N000141403-1-0181, N00014-03-1-0182, N00014-06-1-0222] FX The idea to deploy OBSs on the 2004 NPAL experiment was conceived at a workshop held at Woods Hole in March 2004 (Odom and Stephen, 2004). The LOAPEX source deployments, the moored DVLA receiver deployments, and some post-cruise data reduction and analysis were funded by the Office of Naval Research under Award Nos. N000141403-1-0181, N00014-03-1-0182, and N00014-06-1-0222. Additional post-cruise analysis support was provided to RAS through the Edward W. and Betty J. Scripps Chair for Excellence in Oceanography. The OBS/Hs used in the experiment were provided by Scripps Institution of Oceanography under the U.S. National Ocean Bottom Seismic Instrumentation Pool (SIO-OBSIP-http://www.obsip.org). To cover the costs of the OBS/H deployments funds were paid to SIO-OBSIP from the National Science Foundation and from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Deep Ocean Exploration Institute. The OBS/H data are archived at the IRIS (Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology) Data Management Center. NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 126 IS 2 BP 599 EP 606 DI 10.1121/1.3158826 PG 8 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 483XO UT WOS:000269006800010 PM 19640024 ER PT J AU Scharstein, RW Keiffer, RS AF Scharstein, Robert W. Keiffer, Richard S. TI Coherence function for the stochastic scattering by a time-varying, slightly rough, acoustically soft surface SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SOUND; OCEAN AB Approximations for the coherence function of the random acoustic field scattered by a moving rough surface are extracted from a second-order perturbation expansion. The statistically rough surface is characterized by a simple, wide-sense stationary autocorrelation function that exhibits temporal and spatial dispersive behavior in terms of three parameters: the acoustically-small mean-square surface height, a correlation length, and a group velocity. Excitation is provided by the quintessential obliquely-incident time-harmonic plane-wave. Asymptotic evaluation of Fourier integral representations of the stochastic field yields expressions for the coherence function that explicitly display the dependence upon the space and time coordinates and their interaction via the geometrical parameters of the rough surface. (C) 2009 Acoustical Society of America. [DOI: 10.1121/1.3158927] C1 [Scharstein, Robert W.] Univ Alabama, Dept Elect Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Keiffer, Richard S.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Scharstein, RW (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Elect Engn, 317 Houser Hall, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM rscharst@bama.ua.edu FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory [61153N-32] FX This work has in part been supported by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory (Program Element No. 61153N-32). This document (NRL/JA/7180-09-0041) has been reviewed and approved for public release. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 126 IS 2 BP 607 EP 611 DI 10.1121/1.3158927 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 483XO UT WOS:000269006800011 PM 19640025 ER PT J AU Piasecki, DP Verma, NN Romeo, AA Levine, WN Bach, BR Provencher, MT AF Piasecki, Dana P. Verma, Nikhil N. Romeo, Anthony A. Levine, William N. Bach, Bernard R., Jr. Provencher, Matthew T. TI Glenoid Bone Deficiency in Recurrent Anterior Shoulder Instability: Diagnosis and Management SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS LA English DT Review ID GLENOHUMERAL INSTABILITY; ARTHROSCOPIC STABILIZATION; QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT; BANKART REPAIR; BARE SPOT; DISLOCATION; RECONSTRUCTION; STABILITY; DEFECTS; FRACTURES AB Recurrent anterior shoulder instability may result from a spectrum of overlapping, often coexistent factors, one of which is glenoid bone loss. Untreated, glenoid bone loss may lead to recurrent instability and poor patient satisfaction. Recent studies suggest that the glenoid rim is altered in up to 90% of shoulders with recurrent instability, thus underscoring the need for careful diagnosis, quantification, and preoperative evaluation. Biomechanical and clinical studies offer criteria that may be used in both primary and revision settings to judge whether shoulder stability is compromised by a bony defect. Along with patient activity level, these criteria can help guide the surgeon in selecting treatment options, which range from nonsurgical care to isolated soft-tissue repair as well as various means of bony reconstitution. C1 [Romeo, Anthony A.] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Sports Med Dept, Div Sports Med, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Piasecki, Dana P.] OrthoCarolina Sports Med Ctr, Charlotte, NC USA. [Verma, Nikhil N.; Bach, Bernard R., Jr.] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, Div Sports Med, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Levine, William N.] Columbia Univ, Dept Orthopaed, New York, NY USA. [Provencher, Matthew T.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Romeo, AA (reprint author), Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Sports Med Dept, Div Sports Med, Suite 1063,1725 W Harrison St, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. OI Romeo, Anthony/0000-0003-4848-3411 NR 41 TC 66 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS PI ROSEMENT PA 6300 N RIVER ROAD, ROSEMENT, IL 60018-4262 USA SN 1067-151X J9 J AM ACAD ORTHOP SUR JI J. Am. Acad. Orthop. Surg. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 17 IS 8 BP 482 EP 493 PG 12 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 477UZ UT WOS:000268545700002 PM 19652030 ER PT J AU DeMaio, M Magann, EE AF DeMaio, Marlene Magann, Everett E. TI Exercise and Pregnancy SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS LA English DT Review ID TIME PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS; NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; AEROBIC EXERCISE; ENDURANCE EXERCISE; GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION; RECURRENT MISCARRIAGE; INHIBITOR NIMESULIDE; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; DIABETES-MELLITUS AB Exercise is an important component of a healthy lifestyle and, as such, is recommended during pregnancy. However, the response to exercise of both the expectant mother and fetus varies depending on the fitness level of the woman. The response to exercise is also affected by the known musculoskeletal and physiologic changes associated with pregnancy, such as increased ligament laxity, weight gain, change in the center of gravity, and carpal tunnel syndrome. Although the physiologic responses of the pregnant woman and fetus have been well studied, the literature contains comparatively few studies investigating response to exercise. When performed properly, activities such as aerobics, impact and nonimpact activities, resistance training, and swimming may be beneficial during pregnancy. C1 [DeMaio, Marlene] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Magann, Everett E.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Magann, Everett E.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [DeMaio, Marlene] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP DeMaio, M (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. NR 68 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER ACAD ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS PI ROSEMENT PA 6300 N RIVER ROAD, ROSEMENT, IL 60018-4262 USA SN 1067-151X J9 J AM ACAD ORTHOP SUR JI J. Am. Acad. Orthop. Surg. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 17 IS 8 BP 504 EP 514 PG 11 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 477UZ UT WOS:000268545700004 PM 19652032 ER PT J AU Zhang, JA Drennan, WM Black, PG French, JR AF Zhang, Jun A. Drennan, William M. Black, Peter G. French, Jeffrey R. TI Turbulence Structure of the Hurricane Boundary Layer between the Outer Rainbands SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC SURFACE-LAYER; TROPICAL CYCLONE CORE; AIR-SEA EXCHANGE; HEAT-FLUX; PART I; AIRCRAFT OBSERVATIONS; WIND MEASUREMENTS; DYNAMICS; TEMPERATURE; SIMILARITY AB As part of the Coupled Boundary Layers Air-Sea Transfer (CBLAST)-Hurricane program, flights were conducted to directly measure turbulent fluxes and turbulence properties in the high-wind boundary layer of hurricanes between the outer rainbands. For the first time, vertical profiles of normalized momentum fluxes, sensible heat and humidity fluxes, and variances of three-dimensional wind velocities and specific humidity are presented for the hurricane boundary layer with surface wind speeds ranging from 20 to 30 m s(-1). The turbulent kinetic energy budget is estimated, indicating that the shear production and dissipation are the major source and sink terms, respectively. The imbalance in the turbulent kinetic energy budget indicates that the unmeasured terms, such as horizontal advection, may be important in hurricane boundary layer structure and dynamics. Finally, the thermodynamic boundary layer height, estimated based on the virtual potential temperature profiles, is roughly half of the boundary layer height estimated from the momentum flux profiles. The latter height where momentum and humidity fluxes tend to vanish is close to that of the inflow layer and also of the maximum in the tangential velocity profiles. C1 [Zhang, Jun A.; Black, Peter G.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Zhang, Jun A.; Drennan, William M.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Black, Peter G.] USN, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [French, Jeffrey R.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Atmospher Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Zhang, JA (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Hurricane Res Div, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA. EM jun.zhang@noaa.gov RI Zhang, Jun/F-9580-2012 FU ONR's WCBLAST-Hurricane program [N0001401-F-0090]; NOAA's OAR/USWR program as well as through NOAA/OAR laboratories AOML and ARL; National Research Council's Research Associateship Program of the National Academies, administered FX This work is supported through ONR's WCBLAST-Hurricane program (Grant N0001401-F-0090) and NOAA's OAR/USWR program as well as through NOAA/OAR laboratories AOML and ARL. We would like to acknowledge, in particular, Simon Chang and Carl Friehe (ONR) for their efforts in planning and organizing the multiyear CBLAST program, John Gaynor (OAR/USWRP) for his support, the CBLAST co-PIs and the flight and support crews of NOAA-43. We appreciate comments from Frank Marks and Sim Aberson. The first author also acknowledges support from the National Research Council's Research Associateship Program of the National Academies, administered in cooperation with NOAA/AOML's Hurricane Research Division. NR 43 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 66 IS 8 BP 2455 EP 2467 DI 10.1175/2009JAS2954.1 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 480QK UT WOS:000268751700021 ER PT J AU Martin, FJ Natishan, PM Lemieux, EJ Newbauer, TM Rayne, RJ Bayles, RA Kahn, H Michal, GM Ernst, F Heuer, AH AF Martin, F. J. Natishan, P. M. Lemieux, E. J. Newbauer, T. M. Rayne, R. J. Bayles, R. A. Kahn, H. Michal, G. M. Ernst, F. Heuer, A. H. TI Enhanced Corrosion Resistance of Stainless Steel Carburized at Low Temperature SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Surface Hardening of Stainless Steels CY OCT 22-23, 2007 CL Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH HO Case Western Reserve Univ ID NATURAL SEAWATER; CREVICE CORROSION; CARBON SUPERSATURATION AB The pitting corrosion resistance of surface-modified 316L austenitic stainless steel and N08367 (a "superaustenitic" stainless steel) were evaluated in 0.6 M NaCl solutions and compared to untreated samples of the same materials. The surface modification process used to treat the surfaces was a low-temperature carburization technology termed "low-temperature colossal supersaturation" (LTCSS). The process typically produces surface carbon concentrations of similar to 15 at. pct without the formation of carbides. The pitting potential of the LTCSS-treated 316L stainless steel in the NaCl solution substantially increased compared to untreated 316L stainless steel, while the pitting behavior of the LTCSS-treated N08367 was unchanged compared to the untreated alloy. C1 [Martin, F. J.; Natishan, P. M.; Bayles, R. A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Rayne, R. J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lemieux, E. J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Key West, FL 33040 USA. [Newbauer, T. M.] SAIC NRL Operat, Key West, FL 33040 USA. [Kahn, H.; Michal, G. M.; Ernst, F.; Heuer, A. H.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Martin, FJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM natishan@nrl.navy.mil RI Ernst, Frank/J-4016-2013; OI Ernst, Frank/0000-0002-4823-2041 NR 16 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 40A IS 8 BP 1805 EP 1810 DI 10.1007/s11661-009-9924-z PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 466OE UT WOS:000267670700006 ER PT J AU Taheri, ML Browning, ND Lewellen, J AF Taheri, Mitra L. Browning, Nigel D. Lewellen, John TI Symposium on Ultrafast Electron Microscopy and Ultrafast Science SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Taheri, Mitra L.] Drexel Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Browning, Nigel D.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA USA. [Browning, Nigel D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Lewellen, John] Naval Postgrad Sch, Adv Proton Source, Monterey, CA USA. RP Taheri, ML (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RI Taheri, Mitra/F-1321-2011; OI Browning, Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 15 IS 4 BP 271 EP 271 DI 10.1017/S1431927609090771 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 476ET UT WOS:000268422000001 PM 19575827 ER PT J AU Lewis-Fleming, G Knapp, CA AF Lewis-Fleming, Glenda Knapp, Casey A. TI Coordinating an Interdisciplinary Disease Management Conference on a Military Installation: Collaboration Between Military and Civilian Communities, Lessons Learned SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB The needs of individuals with chronic diseases or disabilities are similar whether within military or civilian communities. With finite resources and the continuing global war on terrorism, military treatment facilities (MTFs) may find collaborative, multidisciplinary, continuing education efforts with community agencies invaluable. Collaborative efforts that bring military and civilian communities together can result in innovative programs that offer cost-effective high-quality information to enhance the knowledge and skill level of military families, providers, and other professionals who provide services and care for military eligible beneficiaries. This article addresses the development and implementation of two major multidisciplinary disease management conferences at Naval Medical Center Portsmouth (NMCP), Virginia. It provides an overview of lessons learned in the areas of preplanning, team building, program development, implementation, and evaluation. Despite challenges, tremendous benefits may be reaped from efforts to include diverse target populations from military and civilian communities. C1 [Lewis-Fleming, Glenda; Knapp, Casey A.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Lewis-Fleming, G (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 174 IS 8 BP 791 EP 796 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LG UT WOS:000278060300007 PM 19743732 ER PT J AU Niederhauser, A Turner, MD Chauhan, SP Magann, EF Morrison, JC AF Niederhauser, Amy Turner, Michael D. Chauhan, Suneet P. Magann, Everett F. Morrison, John C. TI Physician Attire in the Military Setting: Does It Make a Difference to Our Patients? SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID WHITE COATS; ATTITUDES; DOCTORS; CARE AB Objective: To examine patient preference regarding physician attire and whether perception of medical competence was influenced by the physician's clothing style. Methods: New patients presenting to the OB/GYN clinic at the Naval Medical Center Portsmouth were asked to complete a survey regarding patient preference for physcian attire and any effect on their comfort or confidence in the physician. Results: Surveys were collected over a 2-month period. Completed surveys (328) were analyzed with the following results: 86% had no preference whether the physician wore a white coat, 61% preferred scrubs, 13% were uncomfortable talking to a doctor about general topics, and 16% were uncomfortable talking about sexual, psychological, or personal topics based on physician attire. In a comparison between active duty women and dependent wives, a significantly greater number of dependent wives reported the physician attire having no influence on their comfort level discussing general topics with their physician (p = 0.037) or about sexual, psychological, or personal topics (p = 0.035). No difference was seen between groups in the preference to wear a white coat (p = 0.196) or other attire (p = 0.088) or of an influence of the doctors' clothing on the patient's confidence in the doctors' abilities (p = 0.063). Conclusion: Overall, female patients in a military setting do not have a preference for specific physician attire and attire does not influence their perception of the doctor's competence. However, a greater number of dependent wives report physician attire has no influence on their comfort level discussing both general and personal topics when compared with active duty women. This finding highlights the unique role of the military uniform in the eyes of active duty women and their potential discomfort in discussing personal medical issues with a physician in military uniform. C1 [Niederhauser, Amy; Turner, Michael D.; Magann, Everett F.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Portsmouth, PA USA. [Chauhan, Suneet P.] Aurora Hlth Care, W Allis, WI USA. [Morrison, John C.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. RP Niederhauser, A (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Portsmouth, PA USA. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 174 IS 8 BP 817 EP 820 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LG UT WOS:000278060300011 PM 19743736 ER PT J AU Mclay, R McBrien, C Kleyensteuber, B Reeves, J AF McLay, Robert McBrien, Colleen Kleyensteuber, Brian Reeves, James TI Intoxication With Mouthwash Presenting as Psychosis and Delirium in a Combat Theater SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TOXICITY; ETHANOL AB Alcohol is prohibited in combat zones, but it still can be obtained via covert sources. This can cause complex issues for the military physician. We present a case of a U.S. Marine in Iraq who was noted to have intermittent and unexplained behavioral changes. The patient had repeatedly denied alcohol use, but during a second medical evacuation from theater, a blood alcohol level was drawn. Results did not come back fast enough to prevent the evacuation, but did eventually confirm that he was intoxicated. Mouthwash was the source. This case illustrates the importance of screening for alcohol abuse and intoxication even in situations in which conventional use of alcohol is not anticipated. C1 [McLay, Robert; Kleyensteuber, Brian; Reeves, James] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Mental Hlth, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [McBrien, Colleen] USN Hosp Camp Pendleton, Camp Pendleton, CA 92055 USA. RP Mclay, R (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Mental Hlth, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 174 IS 8 BP 828 EP 831 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LG UT WOS:000278060300013 PM 19743738 ER PT J AU Wu, CC Chen, JH Majumdar, SJ Peng, MS Reynolds, CA Aberson, SD Buizza, R Yamaguchi, M Chen, SG Nakazawa, T Chou, KH AF Wu, Chun-Chieh Chen, Jan-Huey Majumdar, Sharanya J. Peng, Melinda S. Reynolds, Carolyn A. Aberson, Sim D. Buizza, Roberto Yamaguchi, Munehiko Chen, Shin-Gan Nakazawa, Tetsuo Chou, Kun-Hsuan TI Intercomparison of Targeted Observation Guidance for Tropical Cyclones in the Northwestern Pacific SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID TRANSFORM KALMAN-FILTER; STORM RECONNAISSANCE PROGRAM; SENSITIVITY STEERING VECTOR; ADAPTIVE OBSERVING GUIDANCE; ENSEMBLE-TRANSFORM; SINGULAR VECTORS; DROPWINDSONDE OBSERVATIONS; SYNOPTIC SURVEILLANCE; FORECASTS; ATLANTIC AB This study compares six different guidance products for targeted observations over the northwest Pacific Ocean for 84 cases of 2-day forecasts in 2006 and highlights the unique dynamical features affecting the tropical cyclone (TC) tracks in this basin. The six products include three types of guidance based on total-energy singular vectors (TESVs) from different global models, the ensemble transform Kalman filter (ETKF) based on a multimodel ensemble, the deep-layer mean (DLM) wind variance, and the adjoint-derived sensitivity steering vector (ADSSV). The similarities among the six products are evaluated using two objective statistical techniques to show the diversity of the sensitivity regions in large, synoptic-scale domains and in smaller domains local to the TC. It is shown that the three TESVs are relatively similar to one another in both the large and the small domains while the comparisons of the DLM wind variance with other methods show rather low similarities. The ETKF and the ADSSV usually show high similarity because their optimal sensitivity usually lies close to the TC. The ADSSV, relative to the ETKF, reveals more similar sensitivity patterns to those associated with TESVs. Three special cases are also selected to highlight the similarities and differences among the six guidance products and to interpret the dynamical systems affecting the TC motion in the northwestern Pacific. Among the three storms studied, Typhoon Chanchu was associated with the subtropical high, Typhoon Shanshan was associated with the midlatitude trough, and Typhoon Durian was associated with the subtropical jet. The adjoint methods are found to be more capable of capturing the signal of the dynamic system that may affect the TC movement or evolution than are the ensemble methods. C1 [Wu, Chun-Chieh; Chen, Jan-Huey; Chen, Shin-Gan] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Majumdar, Sharanya J.] Univ Miami, RSMAS, Div Meteorol & Phys Oceanog, Miami, FL USA. [Peng, Melinda S.; Reynolds, Carolyn A.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Aberson, Sim D.] AOML Hurricane Res Div, NOAA, Miami, FL USA. [Buizza, Roberto] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England. [Nakazawa, Tetsuo] Japan Meteorol Agcy, Meteorol Res Inst, Tokyo, Japan. [Chou, Kun-Hsuan] Chinese Culture Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei, Taiwan. RP Wu, CC (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, 1,Sec 4 Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 106, Taiwan. EM cwu@typhoon.as.ntu.edu.tw RI Aberson, Sim/C-4891-2013; nakazawa, tetsuo/P-9063-2014; Chen, Hua/B-7664-2014; OI Aberson, Sim/0000-0002-3670-0100; Chen, Hua/0000-0002-9493-6939; Reynolds, Carolyn/0000-0003-4690-4171; Wu, Chun-Chieh/0000-0002-3612-4537 NR 38 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 137 IS 8 BP 2471 EP 2492 DI 10.1175/2009MWR2762.1 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 488KN UT WOS:000269348600005 ER PT J AU Lane, TP Doyle, JD Sharman, RD Shapiro, MA Watson, CD AF Lane, Todd P. Doyle, James D. Sharman, Robert D. Shapiro, Melvyn A. Watson, Campbell D. TI Statistics and Dynamics of Aircraft Encounters of Turbulence over Greenland SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID WAVE DRAG PARAMETRIZATION; DIRECTIONAL WIND-SHEAR; UPPER-LEVEL TURBULENCE; MOUNTAIN-WAVE; GRAVITY-WAVES; LEE WAVES; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; DOWNSLOPE WINDSTORM; COMPLEX TERRAIN; BREAKING AB Historical records of aviation turbulence encounters above Greenland are examined for the period from 2000 to 2006. These data identify an important flow regime that contributes to the occurrence of aircraft turbulence encounters, associated with the passage of surface cyclones that direct easterly or southeasterly flow over Greenland's imposing terrain. The result of this incident flow is the generation of mountain waves that may become unstable through interactions with the background directional wind shear. It is shown that this regime accounted for approximately 40% of the significant turbulent events identified in the 7-yr database. In addition, two specific cases from the database are examined in more detail using a high-resolution mesoscale model. The model simulations highlight the important role of three-dimensional gravity wave-critical level interactions and demonstrate the utility of high-resolution forecasts in the prediction of such events. C1 [Lane, Todd P.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Earth Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Doyle, James D.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Sharman, Robert D.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Shapiro, Melvyn A.] Univ Bergen, Bergen, Norway. [Shapiro, Melvyn A.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Shapiro, Melvyn A.] Natl Oceanog & Atmospher Adm, Boulder, CO USA. RP Lane, TP (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Sch Earth Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. EM tplane@unimelb.edu.au RI Lane, Todd/A-8804-2011 OI Lane, Todd/0000-0003-0171-6927 FU University of Melbourne Early Career Research; Office of Naval Research [0601153N] FX We thank three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments that helped improve the manuscript. The first author (TPL) was supported by a University of Melbourne Early Career Research grant. The second author (JDD) acknowledges support through the Office of Naval Research's Program Element 0601153N. Computational resources were supported in part by a grant of HPC time from the Department of Defense Major Shared Resource Center at Wright Patterson Air Force Base, OH. COAMPS is a registered trademark of the Naval Research Laboratory. Cyclone statistics were created using http://www.earthsci.unimelb.edu.au/tracks/cychome.htm; we thank Kevin Keay for his assistance. Figures 5c, 9c, and 14c were obtained from the NERC Satellite Receiving Station, Dundee University, Scotland (available online at http://www.sat.dundee.ac.uk/). NR 40 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 137 IS 8 BP 2687 EP 2702 DI 10.1175/2009MWR2878.1 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 488KN UT WOS:000269348600018 ER PT J AU Robinson, JA Wetherington, M Tedesco, JL Campbell, PM Weng, X Stitt, J Fanton, MA Frantz, E Snyder, D VanMil, BL Jernigan, GG Myers-Ward, RL Eddy, CR Gaskill, DK AF Robinson, Joshua A. Wetherington, Maxwell Tedesco, Joseph L. Campbell, Paul M. Weng, Xiaojun Stitt, Joseph Fanton, Mark A. Frantz, Eric Snyder, David VanMil, Brenda L. Jernigan, Glenn G. Myers-Ward, Rachael L. Eddy, Charles R., Jr. Gaskill, D. Kurt TI Correlating Raman Spectral Signatures with Carrier Mobility in Epitaxial Graphene: A Guide to Achieving High Mobility on the Wafer Scale SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GRAPHITE; SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSISTORS; DISORDER; FILMS; OXIDE AB We report a direct correlation between carrier mobility and Raman topography of epitaxial graphene (EG) grown on silicon carbide (SiC). We show the Hall mobility of material on SiC(0001) is highly dependent on thickness and monolayer strain uniformity. Additionally, we achieve high mobility epitaxial graphene (18100 cm(2)/(V s) at room temperature) on SiC(000 (1) over bar) and show that carrier mobility depends strongly on the graphene layer stacking. C1 [Robinson, Joshua A.; Wetherington, Maxwell; Weng, Xiaojun; Stitt, Joseph; Fanton, Mark A.; Frantz, Eric; Snyder, David] Penn State Univ, Ctr Electroopt, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Robinson, Joshua A.; Wetherington, Maxwell; Weng, Xiaojun; Stitt, Joseph; Fanton, Mark A.; Frantz, Eric; Snyder, David] Penn State Univ, Mat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Tedesco, Joseph L.; Campbell, Paul M.; VanMil, Brenda L.; Jernigan, Glenn G.; Myers-Ward, Rachael L.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.; Gaskill, D. Kurt] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Robinson, JA (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Ctr Electroopt, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM jrobinson@psu.edu RI weng, xiaojun/D-5096-2011; Robinson, Joshua/I-1803-2012 FU The Penn State Electro-Optics Center [TRAD 01830.71]; The Naval Research Laboratory Nanoscience Institute; WiteC Raman system; American Society for Engineering Education FX The authors acknowledge funding support through The Penn State Electro-Optics Center, TRAD 01830.71, and The Naval Research Laboratory Nanoscience Institute. Additionally, support for the WiteC Raman system was provided by the National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network at Penn State. J.L.T. and B.L.V. also acknowledge support from the American Society for Engineering Education for postdoctoral fellowships. NR 28 TC 109 Z9 110 U1 6 U2 58 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 9 IS 8 BP 2873 EP 2876 DI 10.1021/nl901073g PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 481HB UT WOS:000268797200013 PM 19719106 ER PT J AU Khurshid, S Longin, H Crucian, GP Barrett, AM AF Khurshid, S. Longin, H. Crucian, G. P. Barrett, A. M. TI Monocular patching affects inattention but not perseveration in spatial neglect SO NEUROCASE LA English DT Article DE Neglect; Perseveration; Patching; Inattention; Compulsive ID INTENTIONAL NEGLECT; STROKE; REHABILITATION; RESPONSES AB Monocular patching might improve perceptual-attentional, not motor-intentional deficits in a patient with chronic post-stroke left spatial neglect. Performing a line-cancellation task, his omission errors were associated with a perceptual-attentional 'where' deficit, while perseverative errors were associated with 'aiming' motor-intentional bias. Contralesional patching had no effect on the omissions (p = .871), whereas ipsilesional patching reduced left-sided omissions compared with the unpatched condition(p = .016). Neither patching condition altered perseverative errors. Further research is needed to examine whether targeting treatments to spatial neglect symptoms (omissions, perseveration) results in improved outcomes. C1 [Khurshid, S.; Barrett, A. M.] Kessler Fdn Res Ctr, W Orange, NJ 07052 USA. [Longin, H.] USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Crucian, G. P.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. RP Barrett, AM (reprint author), Kessler Fdn Res Ctr, 1199 Pleasant Valley Way, W Orange, NJ 07052 USA. EM abarrett@kmrrec.org OI Khurshid, Shaan/0000-0002-2840-4539; Barrett, A.M./0000-0002-0789-2887 FU Henry H. Kessler Foundation; National Institutes of Health [K02 NS 47099] FX Study supported by the Henry H. Kessler Foundation (Barrett) and the National Institutes of Health (K02 NS 47099, Barrett). NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1355-4794 J9 NEUROCASE JI Neurocase PD AUG PY 2009 VL 15 IS 4 BP 311 EP 317 DI 10.1080/13554790902776888 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology GA 478IQ UT WOS:000268581400005 PM 19370480 ER PT J AU Hui, FK Tumialan, LM Tanaka, T Cawley, CM Zhang, YJ AF Hui, Ferdinand K. Tumialan, Luis M. Tanaka, Tomoko Cawley, C. Michael Zhang, Y. Jonathan TI Clinical Differences Between Angiographically Negative, Diffuse Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Perimesencephalic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage SO NEUROCRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE Angiographically negative diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage; Clinical grade; Hydrocephalus; Vasospasm; Outcome; Perimesencephalic hemorrhage ID ANGIOGRAM AB To identify prognostic factors for vasospasm, hydrocephalus, and clinical outcomes in patients with angiographically negative, non-traumatic, diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage (d-SAH). Retrospective review of patients who experienced angiographically negative SAH at our institution over the past 6 years was undertaken. The patients were stratified based on grade at presentation, severity, and pattern of SAH on initial non-enhanced, computed tomography (CT) of the head into perimesencephalic and diffuse subtypes. The patients were further differentiated based on the development of vasospasm, hydrocephalus and required treatments, and clinical outcomes. Patients were excluded if a causative lesion was discovered subsequently. Ninety-four patients with angiographically negative SAH were identified. A total of 31 patients were considered to have the perimesencephalic (p-SAH) subtype, while 63 patients fit criteria for the diffuse (d-SAH) subtype. Compared to the p-SAH subtype, those patients with d-SAH subtype had significantly higher risk for complications related to SAH with an increased incidence of hydrocephalus (50.8% vs. 9.6%), requirement for external ventricular drainage (41% vs. 9.6%), and for the hydrocephalus requiring eventual permanent cerebrospinal fluid diversion (20.6% vs. 0%). Patients with d-SAH were also at an increased risk for symptomatic vasospasm (28.6% vs. 9.6%). Ultimately, only 76% of d-SAH patients achieved complete recovery and independent living, compared to 96.7% of p-SAH patients. The angiographically negative d-SAH pattern is associated with worse presentations and outcome. These patients are at increased risk for vasospasm and hydrocephalus requiring aggressive treatment and should therefore be cared for with a higher level of surveillance. C1 [Hui, Ferdinand K.] Cleveland Clin Fdn, Cerebrovasc Inst, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. [Tanaka, Tomoko; Cawley, C. Michael; Zhang, Y. Jonathan] Emory Univ, Dept Neurosurg, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Tumialan, Luis M.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Hui, Ferdinand K.; Cawley, C. Michael; Zhang, Y. Jonathan] Emory Univ, Div Intervent Neuroradiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Hui, Ferdinand K.; Zhang, Y. Jonathan] Emory Univ, Dept Radiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Hui, FK (reprint author), Cleveland Clin Fdn, Cerebrovasc Inst, 9500 Euclid Ave S80, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. EM huif@ccf.org NR 23 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 1541-6933 J9 NEUROCRIT CARE JI Neurocrit. Care PD AUG PY 2009 VL 11 IS 1 BP 64 EP 70 DI 10.1007/s12028-009-9203-2 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 468AU UT WOS:000267786400012 PM 19277905 ER PT J AU Manna, U Sritharan, SS Sundar, P AF Manna, U. Sritharan, S. S. Sundar, P. TI Large deviations for the stochastic shell model of turbulence SO NODEA-NONLINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE GOY model; Large deviations; Local monotonicity ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS AB In this work, we first prove the existence and uniqueness of a strong solution to stochastic GOY model of turbulence with a small multiplicative noise. Then using the weak convergence approach, Laplace principle for solutions of the stochastic GOY model is established in certain Polish space. Thus a Wentzell-Freidlin type large deviation principle is established utilizing certain results by Varadhan and Bryc. C1 [Manna, U.] Max Planck Inst Math Sci, Leipzig, Germany. [Sritharan, S. S.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Monterey, CA USA. [Sundar, P.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Math, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Manna, U (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Math Sci, Leipzig, Germany. EM manna@mis.mpg.de; sssritha@nps.edu; sundar@math.lsu.edu OI Sritharan, Sivaguru/0000-0003-2845-332X FU Army Research Office, Probability and Statistics Program [DODARMY41712] FX The first author would like to thank Institut Mittag-Leffler (The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences) for their warm hospitality and support during the visit in September-October 2007, where this work was initiated. He also wants to thank Max-Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences in Leipzig, Germany for providing support and excellent research environment which helped to complete this work. The second author would like to thank the Army Research Office, Probability and Statistics Program for their grant (DODARMY41712). NR 38 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1021-9722 J9 NODEA-NONLINEAR DIFF JI NoDea-Nonlinear Differ. Equ. Appl. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 16 IS 4 BP 493 EP 521 DI 10.1007/s00030-009-0023-z PG 29 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 474WC UT WOS:000268314000004 ER PT J AU Shank, JJ Olney, SC Lin, FL McNamara, ME AF Shank, Jessica J. Olney, Stacey C. Lin, Fang L. McNamara, Michael E. TI Recurrent Postpartum Anaphylaxis With Breast-Feeding SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 57th Annual Clinical Meeting of the American-College-of-Obstetricians-and-Gynecologists CY MAY 02-06, 2009 CL Chicago, IL SP Amer Coll Obstet & Gynecol AB BACKGROUND: Anaphylaxis associated with breast-feeding is a rare but potentially life-threatening event. CASE: This woman reported anaphylaxis with three previous pregnancies while breast-feeding. With her fourth pregnancy she was treated with corticosteroids and antihistamines after delivery. Despite treatment, she developed urticaria, facial edema, and throat tightening, less severe than prior episodes. Her symptoms resolved with epinephrine and antihistamine but recurred with subsequent breast-feeding. On postpartum day 4 she had no symptoms while breast-feeding. CONCLUSION: Three cases of postpartum breast-feeding anaphylaxis have been reported. Although the pathophysiology is unclear, it may involve the decrease in progesterone and rise of prolactin causing mast cell degranulation. Avoidance of nonsteroidal antiinflammatories and prophylaxis with corticosteroids and antihistamines may offer the best protection. (Obstet Gynecol 2009;114:415-6) C1 USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Shank, Jessica J.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Shank, JJ (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM Jessica.shank@med.navy.mil NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 114 IS 2 BP 415 EP 416 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 476DQ UT WOS:000268418400002 PM 19622944 ER PT J AU Hooper, WP Frick, GM Michael, BP AF Hooper, William P. Frick, Glendon M. Michael, Benjamin P. TI Using backward Raman scattering from coupled deuterium cells for wavelength shifting SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE stimulated Raman scattering; near-infrared wavelength shifting; Raman cells; dual Raman cells; deuterium Raman cells; wavelength shifting; Raman wavelength shifting; backward Raman scattering ID MU-M; LIDAR; AEROSOL; METHANE AB Measurements and simulations of a dual gas-cell system, which uses Raman scattering to convert infrared laser radiation from 1064 to 1560 nm, are presented. The cells contain deuterium at a pressure of similar to 25 atm. A beamsplitter is used to distribute the energy from the YAG laser between the seed and pump cells. The laser light is focused into the seed cell, which generates a lower-power, backward-propagating, pulse. This seed pulse and a laser pulse counterpropagate in the pump cell to generate a stronger 1560-nm pulse. The goal is to create a single pulse without any shorter pulses or oscillations. Simulation results are presented, which indicate that a beamsplitter directing 25% of the laser energy into the seed cell and the rest into the pump cell is optimal for 1560-nm generation. Laboratory testing of a dual-cell system using a 32% beamsplitter shows the generation of a 1560-nm pulse with 250 mJ/pulse with an efficiency of 35%. (C) 2009 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [DOI: 10.1117/1.3204230] C1 [Hooper, William P.; Frick, Glendon M.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20035 USA. [Michael, Benjamin P.] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20064 USA. RP Hooper, WP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20035 USA. EM bill.hooper@nrl.navy.mil RI Michael, Patrick/N-6948-2013 OI Michael, Patrick/0000-0002-4742-4543 FU Office of Naval Research FX One of the authors (B.M.) acknowledges the Naval Research Laboratory Science and Technology Unit 104 for providing support for part of his time. The funding for this research was provided by the Office of Naval Research. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 48 IS 8 AR 084302 DI 10.1117/1.3204230 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 504ED UT WOS:000270596700008 ER PT J AU Chantler, CT Laming, JM Silver, JD Dietrich, DD Mokler, PH Finch, EC Rosner, SD AF Chantler, C. T. Laming, J. M. Silver, J. D. Dietrich, D. D. Mokler, P. H. Finch, E. C. Rosner, S. D. TI Hydrogenic Lamb shift in Ge31+ and the fine-structure Lamb shift SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Review ID RELATIVISTIC HEAVY-IONS; HELIUM-LIKE IONS; X-RAY-IRRADIATION; CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION CALCULATIONS; BEAM-FOIL SPECTROSCOPY; ARGON RECOIL IONS; ATOMIC-COLLISIONS; PRECISION-MEASUREMENT; ELECTRON-CAPTURE; QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS AB Using x-ray diffraction and beam-foil spectroscopy, we have determined precise wavelengths for Lyman alpha(1) and Lyman alpha(2) in hydrogenic germanium of 1.166 993 8 +/- 33 +/- 169 and 1.172 433 6 +/- 39 +/- 170 angstrom. Hydrogenic germanium Ge31+ 1s-2p(3/2) and 1s-2p(1/2) Lamb shifts are measured to be 66 080 +/- 237 +/- 1121 and 67 169 +/- 281 +/- 1237 cm(-1), respectively. This 14 ppm measurement of the wavelengths thus provides a 1.8% measurement of the 2p-1s Lamb shift and is an improvement by a factor of 3 over previous work. Fitting the full two-dimensional dispersion relation, including Balmer and Lyman series, limits random and systematic correlation of parameters. Dominant systematics are due to diffraction parameters including crystal thickness and alignment, differential Doppler shifts due to the variable location of spectral emission downstream of the beam-foil target, and dielectronic, 2s-1s, and 4f-2p satellites. Models developed are applicable to all relativistic plasma modeling in beam-foil spectroscopy at accelerators. The technique also reports the germanium 2p(3/2)-2p(1/2) fine structure as 397 617 +/- 251 +/- 512 cm(-1), representing a 0.14% measurement of the fine structure and a 71% measurement of the QED contribution to the hydrogenic germanium fine structure, an improvement of a factor of 6 over previous work. We also report a precise measurement of heliumlike resonances and fine structure. C1 [Chantler, C. T.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Laming, J. M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Silver, J. D.] Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. [Dietrich, D. D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Mokler, P. H.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Mokler, P. H.] Gesell Schwerionenforsch GSI, D-6100 Darmstadt, Germany. [Finch, E. C.] Trinity Coll Dublin, Dept Pure & Appl Phys, Dublin, Ireland. [Rosner, S. D.] Univ Western Ontario, London, ON N6H 3K7, Canada. RP Chantler, CT (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. EM chantler@unimelb.edu.au RI Chantler, Christopher/D-4744-2013 OI Chantler, Christopher/0000-0001-6608-0048 NR 122 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD AUG PY 2009 VL 80 IS 2 AR 022508 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.80.022508 PG 28 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 492ES UT WOS:000269638200080 ER PT J AU Analytis, JG McDonald, RD Chu, JH Riggs, SC Bangura, AF Kucharczyk, C Johannes, M Fisher, IR AF Analytis, James G. McDonald, Ross D. Chu, Jiun-Haw Riggs, Scott C. Bangura, Alimamy F. Kucharczyk, Chris Johannes, Michelle Fisher, I. R. TI Quantum oscillations in the parent pnictide BaFe2As2: Itinerant electrons in the reconstructed state SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE antiferromagnetic materials; barium compounds; Fermi surface; ground states; high-temperature superconductors; iron compounds; magnetic superconductors AB We report quantum-oscillation measurements that enable the direct observation of the Fermi surface of the low-temperature ground state of BaFe2As2. From these measurements we characterize the low-energy excitations, revealing that the Fermi surface is reconstructed in the antiferromagnetic state, but leaving itinerant electrons in its wake. The present measurements are consistent with a conventional band folding picture of the antiferromagnetic ground state, placing important limits on the topology and size of the Fermi surface. C1 [Analytis, James G.; Chu, Jiun-Haw; Kucharczyk, Chris; Fisher, I. R.] Stanford Univ, Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Analytis, James G.; Chu, Jiun-Haw; Kucharczyk, Chris; Fisher, I. R.] Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [McDonald, Ross D.; Riggs, Scott C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Bangura, Alimamy F.] Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. [Johannes, Michelle] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Analytis, James G.; Chu, Jiun-Haw; Kucharczyk, Chris; Fisher, I. R.] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Analytis, JG (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RI McDonald, Ross/H-3783-2013; OI McDonald, Ross/0000-0002-0188-1087; Mcdonald, Ross/0000-0002-5819-4739; Kucharczyk, Christopher/0000-0002-4712-839X FU Department of Energy; Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-76SF00515]; EPSRC [EP/F038836/1]; NSF; state of Florida FX The authors would like to thank Nigel Hussey, Antony Carrington, and Igor Mazin for useful comments on this work before publication. This work is supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515 and partly funded by EPSRC under Grant No. EP/F038836/1. Work performed at the NHMFL was primarily funded by NSF and the state of Florida. NR 23 TC 80 Z9 80 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 AR 064507 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.064507 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 492EX UT WOS:000269638800063 ER PT J AU Glembocki, OJ Rendell, RW Alexson, DA Prokes, SM Fu, A Mastro, MA AF Glembocki, O. J. Rendell, R. W. Alexson, D. A. Prokes, S. M. Fu, A. Mastro, M. A. TI Dielectric-substrate-induced surface-enhanced Raman scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article DE dielectric materials; finite element analysis; metallic thin films; nanowires; plasmonics; point contacts; silver; surface enhanced Raman scattering ID SILVER ELECTRODE; NANOPARTICLES; SPECTROSCOPY; FABRICATION; MICROSCOPY; MOLECULES; PYRIDINE; SPECTRA; SERS AB It is shown through experimental mapping of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) from dielectric core nanowires exposed to benzene thiol that any dielectric substrate plays a critical role in the SERS enhancement. Theoretical calculations of the plasmonic enhancement using finite element methods confirms the role that the substrate plays in increasing the intensity and spatial extent of the SERS enhancement. It is shown that because of the cylindrical shape of the nanowires, significant SERS hot spots form not only between crossed nanowires but also at the point of contact between the nanowires and the substrate on which they are placed. This result also applies to any structure whose geometry results in a point or line contact with an underlying substrate. C1 [Glembocki, O. J.; Rendell, R. W.; Alexson, D. A.; Prokes, S. M.; Fu, A.; Mastro, M. A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Glembocki, OJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU DTRA [AA06CBT013] FX The authors are grateful to Fritz Kub for his support. R. W. R. thanks S. Acimovic for helpful discussions regarding the COMSOL calculations. This research was funded by DTRA under Contract No. AA06CBT013, managed by Stephen Lee and Jennifer Becker. NR 28 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG PY 2009 VL 80 IS 8 AR 085416 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.80.085416 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 492FC UT WOS:000269639300095 ER PT J AU Abelev, BI Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Anderson, BD Arkhipkin, D Averichev, GS Balewski, J Barannikova, O Barnby, LS Baudot, J Baumgart, S Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Benedosso, F Betancourt, MJ Betts, RR Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Biritz, B Bland, LC Bombara, M Bonner, BE Botje, M Bouchet, J Braidot, E Brandin, AV Bruna, E Bueltmann, S Burton, TP Bystersky, M Cai, XZ Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Catu, O Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chajecki, Z Chaloupka, P Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, JY Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Choi, KE Christie, W Clarke, RF Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cormier, TM Cosentino, MR Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Das, D Dash, S Daugherity, M De Silva, LC Dedovich, TG DePhillips, M Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD Didenko, L Djawotho, P Dogra, SM Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, F Dunlop, JC Mazumdar, MRD Edwards, WR Efimov, LG Elhalhuli, E Elnimr, M Emelianov, V Engelage, J Eppley, G Erazmus, B Estienne, M Eun, L Fachini, P Fatemi, R Fedorisin, J Feng, A Filip, P Finch, E Fine, V Fisyak, Y Gagliardi, CA Gaillard, L Ganti, MS Gangadharan, DR Garcia-Solis, EJ Geromitsos, A Geurts, F Ghazikhanian, V Ghosh, P Gorbunov, YN Gordon, A Grebenyuk, O Grosnick, D Grube, B Guertin, SM Guimaraes, KSFF Gupta, A Gupta, N Guryn, W Haag, B Hallman, TJ Hamed, A Harris, JW He, W Heinz, M Heppelmann, S Hippolyte, B Hirsch, A Hjort, E Hoffman, AM Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Hollis, RS Huang, HZ Humanic, TJ Igo, G Iordanova, A Jacobs, P Jacobs, WW Jakl, P Jena, C Jin, F Jones, CL Jones, PG Joseph, J Judd, EG Kabana, S Kajimoto, K Kang, K Kapitan, J Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kettler, D Khodyrev, VY Kikola, DP Kiryluk, J Kisiel, A Klein, SR Knospe, AG Kocoloski, A Koetke, DD Kopytine, M Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kouchpil, V Kravtsov, P Kravtsov, VI Krueger, K Krus, M Kuhn, C Kumar, L Kurnadi, P Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM LaPointe, S Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, CH Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, N Li, C Li, Y Lin, G Lindenbaum, SJ Lisa, MA Liu, F Liu, J Liu, L Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Love, WA Lu, Y Ludlam, T Ma, GL Ma, YG Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Mall, OI Mangotra, LK Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Matis, HS Matulenko, YA McShane, TS Meschanin, A Milner, R Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mischke, A Mitchell, J Mohanty, B Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Nandi, BK Nattrass, C Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Netrakanti, PK Ng, MJ Nogach, LV Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Okada, H Okorokov, V Olson, D Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Panitkin, SY Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Perevoztchikov, V Perkins, C Peryt, W Phatak, SC Planinic, M Pluta, J Poljak, N Poskanzer, AM Potukuchi, BVKS Prindle, D Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Putschke, J Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Redwine, R Reed, R Ridiger, A Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Rose, A Roy, C Ruan, L Russcher, MJ Sahoo, R Sakrejda, I Sakuma, T Salur, S Sandweiss, J Sarsour, M Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmitz, N Seger, J Selyuzhenkov, I Seyboth, P Shabetai, A Shahaliev, E Shao, M Sharma, M Shi, SS Shi, XH Sichtermann, EP Simon, F Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, N Snellings, R Sorensen, P Sowinski, J Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stadnik, A Stanislaus, TDS Staszak, D Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Suarez, MC Subba, NL Sumbera, M Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarnowsky, T Thein, D Thomas, JH Tian, J Timmins, AR Timoshenko, S Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trainor, TA Tram, VN Trattner, AL Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tsai, OD Ulery, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Leeuwen, M Vander Molen, AM Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasilevski, IM Vasiliev, AN Videbaek, F Vigdor, SE Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Wada, M Waggoner, WT Walker, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, X Wang, XL Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Whitten, C Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, Y Xie, W Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, Y Xu, Z Yang, Y Yepes, P Yoo, IK Yue, Q Zawisza, M Zbroszczyk, H Zhan, W Zhang, S Zhang, WM Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, Y Zhong, C Zhou, J Zoulkarneev, R Zoulkarneeva, Y Zuo, JX AF Abelev, B. I. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Anderson, B. D. Arkhipkin, D. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Barannikova, O. Barnby, L. S. Baudot, J. Baumgart, S. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Benedosso, F. Betancourt, M. J. Betts, R. R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Biritz, B. Bland, L. C. Bombara, M. Bonner, B. E. Botje, M. Bouchet, J. Braidot, E. Brandin, A. V. Bruna, E. Bueltmann, S. Burton, T. P. Bystersky, M. Cai, X. Z. Caines, H. Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca Catu, O. Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chajecki, Z. Chaloupka, P. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, J. Y. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Choi, K. E. Christie, W. Clarke, R. F. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cormier, T. M. Cosentino, M. R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Das, D. Dash, S. Daugherity, M. De Silva, L. C. Dedovich, T. G. DePhillips, M. Derevschikov, A. A. de Souza, R. Derradi Didenko, L. Djawotho, P. Dogra, S. M. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, F. Dunlop, J. C. Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta Edwards, W. R. Efimov, L. G. Elhalhuli, E. Elnimr, M. Emelianov, V. Engelage, J. Eppley, G. Erazmus, B. Estienne, M. Eun, L. Fachini, P. Fatemi, R. Fedorisin, J. Feng, A. Filip, P. Finch, E. Fine, V. Fisyak, Y. Gagliardi, C. A. Gaillard, L. Ganti, M. S. Gangadharan, D. R. Garcia-Solis, E. J. Geromitsos, A. Geurts, F. Ghazikhanian, V. Ghosh, P. Gorbunov, Y. N. Gordon, A. Grebenyuk, O. Grosnick, D. Grube, B. Guertin, S. M. Guimaraes, K. S. F. F. Gupta, A. Gupta, N. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hallman, T. J. Hamed, A. Harris, J. W. He, W. Heinz, M. Heppelmann, S. Hippolyte, B. Hirsch, A. Hjort, E. Hoffman, A. M. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Hollis, R. S. Huang, H. Z. Humanic, T. J. Igo, G. Iordanova, A. Jacobs, P. Jacobs, W. W. Jakl, P. Jena, C. Jin, F. Jones, C. L. Jones, P. G. Joseph, J. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kajimoto, K. Kang, K. Kapitan, J. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kettler, D. Khodyrev, V. Yu. Kikola, D. P. Kiryluk, J. Kisiel, A. Klein, S. R. Knospe, A. G. Kocoloski, A. Koetke, D. D. Kopytine, M. Korsch, W. Kotchenda, L. Kouchpil, V. Kravtsov, P. Kravtsov, V. I. Krueger, K. Krus, M. Kuhn, C. Kumar, L. Kurnadi, P. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. LaPointe, S. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, C. -H. Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, N. Li, C. Li, Y. Lin, G. Lindenbaum, S. J. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Liu, J. Liu, L. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Love, W. A. Lu, Y. Ludlam, T. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Mall, O. I. Mangotra, L. K. Manweiler, R. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Matis, H. S. Matulenko, Yu. A. McShane, T. S. Meschanin, A. Milner, R. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mischke, A. Mitchell, J. Mohanty, B. Morozov, D. A. Munhoz, M. G. Nandi, B. K. Nattrass, C. Nayak, T. K. Nelson, J. M. Netrakanti, P. K. Ng, M. J. Nogach, L. V. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Okada, H. Okorokov, V. Olson, D. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Panitkin, S. Y. Pawlak, T. Peitzmann, T. Perevoztchikov, V. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Phatak, S. C. Planinic, M. Pluta, J. Poljak, N. Poskanzer, A. M. Potukuchi, B. V. K. S. Prindle, D. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Putschke, J. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Redwine, R. Reed, R. Ridiger, A. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Rose, A. Roy, C. Ruan, L. Russcher, M. J. Sahoo, R. Sakrejda, I. Sakuma, T. Salur, S. Sandweiss, J. Sarsour, M. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmitz, N. Seger, J. Selyuzhenkov, I. Seyboth, P. Shabetai, A. Shahaliev, E. Shao, M. Sharma, M. Shi, S. S. Shi, X. -H. Sichtermann, E. P. Simon, F. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, N. Snellings, R. Sorensen, P. Sowinski, J. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stadnik, A. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Staszak, D. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Suarez, M. C. Subba, N. L. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Symons, T. J. M. de Toledo, A. Szanto Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarnowsky, T. Thein, D. Thomas, J. H. Tian, J. Timmins, A. R. Timoshenko, S. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trainor, T. A. Tram, V. N. Trattner, A. L. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tsai, O. D. Ulery, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Leeuwen, M. Vander Molen, A. M. Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasilevski, I. M. Vasiliev, A. N. Videbaek, F. Vigdor, S. E. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Wada, M. Waggoner, W. T. Walker, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Whitten, C., Jr. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. Xie, W. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Yang, Y. Yepes, P. Yoo, I. -K. Yue, Q. Zawisza, M. Zbroszczyk, H. Zhan, W. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. M. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, Y. Zhong, C. Zhou, J. Zoulkarneev, R. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zuo, J. X. CA STAR Collaboration TI Pion interferometry in Au plus Au and Cu plus Cu collisions at s(NN)=62.4 and 200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; INTENSITY INTERFEROMETRY; FINITE TEMPERATURE; SUPERDENSE MATTER; CORRELATION RADII; IDENTICAL PIONS; ENERGY; DEPENDENCE AB We present a systematic analysis of two-pion interferometry in Au+Au collisions at s(NN)=62.4 GeV and Cu+Cu collisions at s(NN)=62.4 and 200 GeV using the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The multiplicity and transverse momentum dependences of the extracted correlation lengths (radii) are studied. The scaling with charged particle multiplicity of the apparent system volume at final interaction is studied for the RHIC energy domain. The multiplicity scaling of the measured correlation radii is found to be independent of colliding system and collision energy. C1 [Abelev, B. I.; Barannikova, O.; Betts, R. R.; Garcia-Solis, E. J.; Hofman, D. J.; Hollis, R. S.; Iordanova, A.; Suarez, M. C.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Barnby, L. S.; Bombara, M.; Burton, T. P.; Elhalhuli, E.; Gaillard, L.; Jones, P. G.; Nelson, J. M.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Christie, W.; DePhillips, M.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fachini, P.; Fine, V.; Fisyak, Y.; Gordon, A.; Guryn, W.; Hallman, T. J.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Love, W. A.; Ludlam, T.; Ogawa, A.; Okada, H.; Panitkin, S. Y.; Perevoztchikov, V.; Ruan, L.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Xu, Z.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Das, D.; Draper, J. E.; Haag, B.; Mall, O. I.; Reed, R.; Romero, J. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Biritz, B.; Cendejas, R.; Gangadharan, D. R.; Ghazikhanian, V.; Guertin, S. M.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Kurnadi, P.; Staszak, D.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Whitten, C., Jr.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [de Souza, R. Derradi; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Cherney, M.; Gorbunov, Y. N.; McShane, T. S.; Seger, J.; Waggoner, W. T.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Bielcikova, J.; Bystersky, M.; Chaloupka, P.; Jakl, P.; Kapitan, J.; Kouchpil, V.; Krus, M.; Pachr, M.; Sumbera, M.; Tlusty, D.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic. [Averichev, G. S.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Kechechyan, A.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Stadnik, A.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.] Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Lab High Energy, Dubna, Russia. [Arkhipkin, D.; Filip, P.; Lednicky, R.; Vasilevski, I. M.; Zoulkarneev, R.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Particle Phys Lab, Dubna, Russia. [Dash, S.; Jena, C.; Mahapatra, D. P.; Phatak, S. C.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. [He, W.; Jacobs, W. W.; Page, B. S.; Selyuzhenkov, I.; Sowinski, J.; Vigdor, S. E.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Baudot, J.; Estienne, M.; Hippolyte, B.; Kuhn, C.; Shabetai, A.] Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France. [Bhasin, A.; Dogra, S. M.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, N.; Mangotra, L. K.; Potukuchi, B. V. K. S.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Anderson, B. D.; Bouchet, J.; Chen, J. H.; Joseph, J.; Keane, D.; Kopytine, M.; Margetis, S.; Pandit, Y.; Subba, N. L.; Vanfossen, J. A., Jr.; Zhang, W. M.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Fatemi, R.; Korsch, W.; Webb, G.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Yang, Y.; Zhan, W.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. [Dong, X.; Edwards, W. R.; Grebenyuk, O.; Hjort, E.; Jacobs, P.; Kikola, D. P.; Kiryluk, J.; Klein, S. R.; Matis, H. S.; Odyniec, G.; Olson, D.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Ritter, H. G.; Rose, A.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X. M.; Symons, T. J. M.; Thomas, J. H.; Tram, V. N.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhang, Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balewski, J.; Betancourt, M. J.; Corliss, R.; Hoffman, A. M.; Jones, C. L.; Kocoloski, A.; Leight, W.; Milner, R.; Redwine, R.; Sakuma, T.; Surrow, B.; Walker, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.; Simon, F.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Vander Molen, A. M.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Emelianov, V.; Kotchenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Okorokov, V.; Ridiger, A.; Strikhanov, M.; Timoshenko, S.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Lindenbaum, S. J.] CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Benedosso, F.; Botje, M.; Braidot, E.; Mischke, A.; Peitzmann, T.; Russcher, M. J.; Snellings, R.; van Leeuwen, M.] NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Benedosso, F.; Botje, M.; Braidot, E.; Mischke, A.; Peitzmann, T.; Russcher, M. J.; Snellings, R.; van Leeuwen, M.] Univ Utrecht, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Chajecki, Z.; Humanic, T. J.; Kisiel, A.; Lisa, M. A.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bueltmann, S.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Kumar, L.; Pruthi, N. K.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Eun, L.; Heppelmann, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Khodyrev, V. Yu.; Kravtsov, V. I.; Matulenko, Yu. A.; Meschanin, A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Hirsch, A.; Netrakanti, P. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Skoby, M. J.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Tarnowsky, T.; Ulery, J.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.; Xie, W.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Choi, K. E.; Grube, B.; Lee, C. -H.; Yoo, I. -K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Bonner, B. E.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Liu, J.; Llope, W. J.; Mitchell, J.; Roberts, J. B.; Yepes, P.; Zhou, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Cosentino, M. R.; Guimaraes, K. S. F. F.; Munhoz, M. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; de Toledo, A. Szanto] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. F.; Li, C.; Lu, Y.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.; Zhao, Y.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Xu, Q. H.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Cai, X. Z.; Jin, F.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shi, X. -H.; Tian, J.; Zhang, S.; Zhong, C.; Zuo, J. X.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Erazmus, B.; Geromitsos, A.; Kabana, S.; Roy, C.; Sahoo, R.] SUBATECH, Nantes, France. [Cervantes, M. C.; Clarke, R. F.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Djawotho, P.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Mioduszewski, S.; Sarsour, M.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Daugherity, M.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Kajimoto, K.; Markert, C.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.; Thein, D.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Cheng, J.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, X.; Wang, Y.; Yue, Q.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Witt, R.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta; Ganti, M. S.; Ghosh, P.; Mohanty, B.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Singaraju, R. N.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. [Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.; Trainor, T. A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bellwied, R.; Cormier, T. M.; De Silva, L. C.; Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Sharma, M.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Chen, J. Y.; Feng, A.; Li, N.; Liu, F.; Liu, L.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y.] CCNU HZNU, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Baumgart, S.; Bruna, E.; Caines, H.; Catu, O.; Chikanian, A.; Du, F.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Heinz, M.; Knospe, A. G.; Lin, G.; Majka, R.; Nattrass, C.; Putschke, J.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Ng, M. J.; Perkins, C.; Trattner, A. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Manweiler, R.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Webb, J. C.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. RP Abelev, BI (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RI Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Pandit, Yadav/I-2170-2013; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Yang, Yanyun/B-9485-2014; Cosentino, Mauro/L-2418-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Yoo, In-Kwon/J-6222-2012; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Lee, Chang-Hwan/B-3096-2015; Dogra, Sunil /B-5330-2013; Fornazier Guimaraes, Karin Silvia/H-4587-2016; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Nattrass, Christine/J-6752-2016; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013 OI Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Pandit, Yadav/0000-0003-2809-7943; Yang, Yanyun/0000-0002-5982-1706; Cosentino, Mauro/0000-0002-7880-8611; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Lee, Chang-Hwan/0000-0003-3221-1171; Fornazier Guimaraes, Karin Silvia/0000-0003-0578-9533; Nattrass, Christine/0000-0002-8768-6468; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900 FU US DOE Office of Science; US NSF; Sloan Foundation; DFG; RA, RPL, and EMN of France; STFC and EPSRC of the United Kingdom; FAPESP of Brazil; Russian Ministry of Science and Technology; NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China; IRP and GA of the Czech Foundation; [CNRS/IN2P3]; [N202 01331/0489] FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, and the NERSC Center at LBNL and the resources provided by the Open Science Grid consortium for their support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the US DOE Office of Science, the US NSF, the Sloan Foundation, the DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe," CNRS/IN2P3, RA, RPL, and EMN of France, STFC and EPSRC of the United Kingdom, FAPESP of Brazil, the Russian Ministry of Science and Technology, the NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China, IRP and GA of the Czech Foundation. We thank Polish State Committee for Scientific Research, grant: N202 01331/0489. NR 71 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD AUG PY 2009 VL 80 IS 2 AR 024905 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.024905 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 492FN UT WOS:000269640400051 ER PT J AU Ellingson, SW Clarke, TE Cohen, A Craig, J Kassim, NE Pihlstrom, Y Rickard, LJ Taylor, GB AF Ellingson, Steven W. Clarke, Tracy E. Cohen, Aaron Craig, Joseph Kassim, Namir E. Pihlstrom, Ylva Rickard, Lee J. Taylor, Gregory B. TI The Long Wavelength Array SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Article DE Aperture synthesis imaging; digital beamforming; radio astronomy ID RADIO TELESCOPES; GALACTIC-CENTER; 74 MHZ; GENERATION; SKY AB The Long Wavelength Array (LWA) will be a new multipurpose radio telescope operating in the frequency range 10-88 MHz. Upon completion, the LWA will consist of 53 phased array "stations" distributed over a region about 400 km in diameter in the state of New Mexico. Each station will consist of 256 pairs of dipole-type antennas whose signals are formed into beams, with outputs transported to a central location for high-resolution aperture synthesis imaging. The resulting image sensitivity is estimated to be a few millijanskys (5 sigma, 8 MHz, two polarizations, 1 h, zenith) in 20-80 MHz; with resolution and field of view of (8 '', 8 degrees) and (2 '', 2 degrees) at 20 and 80 MHz, respectively. Notable engineering features of the instrument, demonstrated in this paper, include Galactic-noise limited active antennas and direct sampling digitization of the entire tuning range. This paper also summarizes the LWA science goals, specifications, and analysis leading to top-level design decisions. C1 [Ellingson, Steven W.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Clarke, Tracy E.; Cohen, Aaron; Kassim, Namir E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Craig, Joseph; Rickard, Lee J.] Univ New Mexico, LWA Project Off, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Pihlstrom, Ylva; Taylor, Gregory B.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Ellingson, SW (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM ellingson@vt.edu; tracy.clarke@nrl.navy.mil; Aaron.Cohen@nrl.navy.mil; joecraig@unm.edu; namir.kassim@nrl.navy.mil; ylva@unm.edu; lrickard@unm.edu; gbtaylor@unm.edu FU Office of Naval Research FX The LWA is supported by the Office of Naval Research through a contract with the University of New Mexico. Basic research at U. S. Naval Research Laboratory is supported by 6.1 base funds. NR 47 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9219 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD AUG PY 2009 VL 97 IS 8 BP 1421 EP 1430 DI 10.1109/JPROC.2009.2015683 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 472WW UT WOS:000268164600008 ER PT J AU Dewdney, PE Hall, PJ Schilizzi, RT Lazio, TJLW AF Dewdney, Peter E. Hall, Peter J. Schilizzi, Richard T. Lazio, T. Joseph L. W. TI The Square Kilometre Array SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Article DE Aperture synthesis; digital correlator; digital data transmission; digital signal processing; Fourier imaging; low-noise amplifier; radio astronomy; radio telescope AB The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) will be an ultrasensitive radio telescope, built to further the understanding of the most important phenomena in the Universe, including some pertaining to the birth and eventual death of the Universe itself. Over the next few years, the SKA will make the transition from an early formative to a well-defined design. This paper outlines how the scientific challenges are translated into technical challenges, how the application of recent technology offers the potential of affordably meeting these challenges, and how the choices of technology will ultimately be made. The SKA will be an array of coherently connected antennas spread over an area about 3000 km in extent, with an aggregate antenna collecting area of up to 106m(2) at centimeter and meter wavelengths. A key scientific requirement is the ability to carry out sensitive observations of the sky over large areas (surveys). The "survey speed" of the SKA will be enabled by the application of the most up-to-date signal-processing technology available. The SKA science impact will be widely felt in astroparticle physics and cosmology, fundamental physics, galactic and extragalactic astronomy, solar system science, and astrobiology. C1 [Dewdney, Peter E.; Schilizzi, Richard T.] Univ Manchester, Dept Phys & Astron, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Hall, Peter J.] Curtin Univ Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Perth, WA, Australia. [Lazio, T. Joseph L. W.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Dewdney, PE (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Dept Phys & Astron, Manchester, Lancs, England. EM dewdney@skatelescope.org; phall@ivec.org; schilizzi@skatelescope.org; Joseph.Lazio@nrl.navy.mil RI Hall, Peter/B-8784-2013 NR 30 TC 225 Z9 228 U1 3 U2 18 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9219 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD AUG PY 2009 VL 97 IS 8 BP 1482 EP 1496 DI 10.1109/JPROC.2009.2021005 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 472WW UT WOS:000268164600014 ER PT J AU Pande, CS Cooper, KP AF Pande, C. S. Cooper, K. P. TI Nanomechanics of Hall-Petch relationship in nanocrystalline materials SO PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Materials Structures - Nabarro Legacy held at the 2008 MRS Spring Meeting CY MAR 24-28, 2008 CL San Francisco, CA SP MRS ID FINE-GRAINED MATERIALS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; STRAIN-RATE SUPERPLASTICITY; SEVERE PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS; YIELD-STRESS; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; TENSILE DUCTILITY; NANOPHASE METALS AB Classical Hall-Petch relation for large grained polycrystals is usually derived using the model of dislocation pile-up first investigated mathematically by Nabarro and coworkers. In this paper the mechanical properties of nanocrystalline materials are reviewed, with emphasis on the fundamental physical mechanisms involved in determining yield stress. Special attention is paid to the abnormal or 'inverse' Hall-Petch relationship, which manifests itself as the softening of nanocrystalline materials of very small (less than 12 nm) mean grain sizes. It is emphasized that modeling the strength of nanocrystalline materials needs consideration of both dislocation interactions and grain-boundary sliding (presumably due to Coble creep) acting simultaneously. Such a model appears to be successful in explaining experimental results provided a realistic grain size distribution is incorporated into the analysis. Masumura et al. [Masumura RA, Hazzledine PM, Pande CS. Acta Mater 1998;46:4527] were the first to show that the Hall-Petch plot for a wide range of materials and mean grain sizes could be divided into three distinct regimes and also the first to provide a detailed mathematical model of Hall-Petch relation of plastic deformation processes for any material including fine-grained nanocrystalline materials. Later developments of this and related models are briefly reviewed. Prof. Frank Nabarro was a physicist by training, a metallurgist by profession and a genius by nature, blessed with a unique ability to treat everyone as his equal. During his later years he was very much interested in the mechanical properties of nanocrystalline materials. This review on that topic is our contribution to the special issue of Progress in Materials Science honoring him. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Pande, C. S.; Cooper, K. P.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Cooper, KP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM khershed.cooper@nrl.navy.mil NR 126 TC 162 Z9 168 U1 4 U2 107 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0079-6425 J9 PROG MATER SCI JI Prog. Mater. Sci. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 54 IS 6 BP 689 EP 706 DI 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2009.03.008 PG 18 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 468SM UT WOS:000267841100004 ER PT J AU Carney, JR Lightstone, JM McGrath, TP Lee, RJ AF Carney, Joel R. Lightstone, James M. McGrath, Thomas P., II Lee, Richard J. TI Fuel-Rich Explosive Energy Release: Oxidizer Concentration Dependence SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE Aluminum; Combustion; Detonation; Spectroscopy ID ALUMINUM PARTICLES; SOLID PARTICLES; COMBUSTION; SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE; ABSORPTION; TRANSITION; PRESSURE; EMISSION AB Small-scale detonation experiments were conducted in a controlled atmosphere chamber to investigate the post-detonation reactivity of a fuel-rich, plastic bonded explosive. The atmosphere surrounding these 20 g explosive charges was varied in oxygen content from 0.2 to 100% with the total pressure held constant at 101 kPa. The performance of this small-scale explosive charge is sensitive to the changing atmospheric conditions, perhaps more so than a larger charge size, due to burning inefficiencies corresponding to a scaling effect (increased surface area to volume ratio). Time-resolved optical emission spectroscopy was used to contrast the dependence of the post-detonation combustion properties on external oxygen content. The dominant near-ultraviolet and visible emission features evolve from aluminum (Al) and aluminum monoxide (AlO) when oxygen is present. The time evolution of AlO emission was used to estimate the aluminum particle burning times, which lengthen from 6 to 31 mu s as the oxygen content is reduced from 100 to 1%. The absence of AlO spectral features below 1% oxygen levels imply that the emission spectroscopy applied to this detonation environment is most sensitive to the aerobic component of the post-detonation combustion, Pressure and optical pyrometry measurements recorded during the same experiments exhibit the strong dependence of the early time energy release oil the oxygen content in the surrounding atmosphere. Numerical simulations of the detonation and subsequent multiphase flow expansion predict the position of the fuel particles to extend beyond the detonation products and, in some cases, beyond the shock front during the timescales covered in these experiments, stressing the importance of mixing with ambient oxygen for early combustion to occur. C1 [Carney, Joel R.; Lightstone, James M.; McGrath, Thomas P., II; Lee, Richard J.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. RP Carney, JR (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, 4104 Evans Way,Suite 102, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA. EM joel.carney@navy.mil FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency; Indian Head CORE FX The authors would like to acknowledge the funding Support from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency and the Indian Head CORE program for this research. We would also like to acknowledge the experimental support of Dr. John Wilkinson and Dr. Chris Boswell at NSWC Indian Head. Finally, we would like to thank Robert Flay who was the explosive technician for these experiments. NR 27 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 34 IS 4 BP 331 EP 339 DI 10.1002/prep.200800037 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 486WZ UT WOS:000269232700007 ER PT J AU Reyes, RA Romanyukha, A Olsen, C Trompier, F Benevides, LA AF Reyes, R. A. Romanyukha, Alexander Olsen, C. Trompier, F. Benevides, L. A. TI Electron paramagnetic resonance in irradiated fingernails: variability of dose dependence and possibilities of initial dose assessment SO RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EPR DOSIMETRY; RADIATION AB The results of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements in irradiated fingernails are presented. In total, 83 samples of different fingernails were studied. Five different groups of samples were selected based on the collection time of fingernail samples, their level of mechanical stress, and the number and size of clippings: (1) recently (< 24 h) cut, irradiated and measured with EPR without any treatment of samples, and with rigorous control of size and number of clippings (stressed-fresh, controlled); (2) recently (< 24 h) cut, irradiated and measured with EPR after application of a special treatment (10 min of water soaking, 5 min of drying time) to reduce the mechanical stress caused by cutting the samples, and with rigorous control of size and number of clippings (unstressed-fresh, controlled); (3) previously (> 24 h) cut, stored at room temperature, additionally cut into small pieces immediately prior to study, irradiated and measured with EPR without any treatment of samples, and with rigorous control of size and number of clippings (stressed-old, controlled); (4) previously (> 24 h) cut, stored at room temperature, additionally cut into small pieces immediately prior to the study, irradiated and measured with EPR after application of a special treatment to reduce mechanical stress caused by cut, and with rigorous control of size and number of clippings (unstressed-old, controlled); and (5) recently (< 24 h) cut, irradiated and measured with EPR after application of a special treatment to reduce the mechanical stress caused by cut, and without rigorous control of size and number of clippings (unstressed-fresh, uncontrolled). Except for the fifth selected group, variability of the dose dependence inside all groups was found to be not statistically significant, although the variability among the different groups was significant. Comparison of the mean dose dependences obtained for each group allowed selection of key factors responsible for radiation sensitivity (dose response per unit of mass and dose) and the shape of dose dependence in fingernails. The major factor responsible for radiation sensitivity of fingernails was identified as their water content, which can affect radiation sensitivity up to 35%. The major factor responsible for the shape of the radiation sensitivity was identified as the mechanical stress. At a significant level of mechanical stress, the shape of the dose dependence is linear in the studied dose range (< 20 Gy), and in lesser-stressed samples it is of an exponential growth including saturation, which depends on the degree of mechanical stress. In view of the findings, recommendations are discussed and presented for the appropriate protocol for EPR dose measurements in fingernails. C1 [Reyes, R. A.; Romanyukha, Alexander; Olsen, C.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Romanyukha, Alexander; Benevides, L. A.] USN, Dosimetry Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Trompier, F.] Inst Radioprotect & Surete Nucl, Fontenay Aux Roses, France. RP Romanyukha, A (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM aromanyukha@usuhs.mil OI TROMPIER, Francois/0000-0002-8776-6572 NR 10 TC 20 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0301-634X J9 RADIAT ENVIRON BIOPH JI Radiat. Environ. Biophys. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 48 IS 3 BP 295 EP 310 DI 10.1007/s00411-009-0232-1 PG 16 WC Biology; Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 474WJ UT WOS:000268314700006 PM 19521713 ER PT J AU Archer, MJ Liu, JL AF Archer, Marie J. Liu, Jinny L. TI Bacteriophage T4 Nanoparticles as Materials in Sensor Applications: Variables That Influence Their Organization and Assembly on Surfaces SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE bacteriophage T4; sensors; atomic force microscopy ID COWPEA MOSAIC-VIRUS; COLLOIDAL PARTICLES; PHAGE; ADSORPTION; NANOSCALE; BIOSENSOR; DISPLAY; PROTEIN; SYSTEM; FILMS AB Bacteriophage T4 nanoparticles possess characteristics that make them ideal candidates as materials for sensors, particularly as sensor probes. Their surface can be modified, either through genetic engineering or direct chemical conjugation to display functional moieties such as antibodies or other proteins to recognize a specific target. However, in order for T4 nanoparticles to be utilized as a sensor probe, it is necessary to understand and control the variables that determine their assembly and organization on a surface. The aim of this work is to discuss some of variables that we have identified as influencing the behavior of T4 nanoparticles on surfaces. The effect of pH, ionic strength, substrate characteristics, nanoparticle concentration and charge was addressed qualitatively using atomic force microscopy (AFM). C1 [Archer, Marie J.; Liu, Jinny L.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Archer, MJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM marie.archer@nrl.navy.mil; jinny.liu@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX We would like to thank Dr. Linday Black from the University of Maryland Medical School for his generous gift of T4 mutant. We would also like to thank Dr. Jing Zhou for her critical review on the manuscript and fruitful discussions. The opinions and assertions contained herein are the private ones of the authors and not to be construed as official or reflecting the views of the Department of the Navy or the military at large. Funding for this project was from the Office of Naval Research via the Naval Research Laboratory Base Program. NR 30 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 17 PU MOLECULAR DIVERSITY PRESERVATION INTERNATIONAL-MDPI PI BASEL PA KANDERERSTRASSE 25, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS-BASEL JI Sensors PD AUG PY 2009 VL 9 IS 8 BP 6298 EP 6311 DI 10.3390/s90806298 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 499IG UT WOS:000270211800025 PM 22454586 ER PT J AU Frisch, PC Bzowski, M Grun, E Izmodenov, V Kruger, H Linsky, JL McComas, DJ Mobius, E Redfield, S Schwadron, N Shelton, R Slavin, JD Wood, BE AF Frisch, P. C. Bzowski, M. Gruen, E. Izmodenov, V. Krueger, H. Linsky, J. L. McComas, D. J. Moebius, E. Redfield, S. Schwadron, N. Shelton, R. Slavin, J. D. Wood, B. E. TI The Galactic Environment of the Sun: Interstellar Material Inside and Outside of the Heliosphere SO SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Interstellar material; Heliosphere; Local bubble ID HIGH-RESOLUTION OBSERVATIONS; BOUNDARY EXPLORER IBEX; WIND TERMINATION SHOCK; ANOMALOUS COSMIC-RAYS; INTER-STELLAR MEDIUM; LY-ALPHA ABSORPTION; INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC-FIELDS; ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION-FIELD; CLOUD ELECTRON-DENSITY; ULTRA-HIGH-RESOLUTION AB Interstellar material (ISMa) is observed both inside and outside of the heliosphere. Relating these diverse sets of ISMa data provides a richer understanding of both the interstellar medium and the heliosphere. The galactic environment of the Sun is dominated by warm, low-density, partially ionized interstellar material consisting of atoms and dust grains. The properties of the heliosphere are dependent on the pressure, composition, radiation field, ionization, and magnetic field of ambient ISMa. The very low-density interior of the Local Bubble, combined with an expanding superbubble shell associated with star formation in the Scorpius-Centaurus Association, dominate the properties of the local interstellar medium (LISM). Once the heliosphere boundaries and interaction mechanisms are understood, interstellar gas, dust, pickup ions, and anomalous cosmic rays inside of the heliosphere can be directly compared to ISMa outside of the heliosphere. Our understanding of ISMa at the Sun is further enriched when the circumheliospheric interstellar material is compared to observations of other nearby ISMa and the overall context of our galactic environment. The IBEX mission will map the interaction region between the heliosphere and ISMa, and improve the accuracy of comparisons between ISMa inside and outside the heliosphere. C1 [Frisch, P. C.] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bzowski, M.] Space Res Ctr PAS, Warsaw, Poland. [Gruen, E.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Izmodenov, V.] RAS, Space Res Inst, Moscow 117901, Russia. [Izmodenov, V.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. [Krueger, H.] Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. [Linsky, J. L.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Linsky, J. L.] NIST, Boulder, CO USA. [McComas, D. J.] SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX USA. [Moebius, E.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Redfield, S.] Wesleyan Univ, Middletown, CT USA. [Schwadron, N.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Shelton, R.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Slavin, J. D.] SAO Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA. [Wood, B. E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Frisch, PC (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM frisch@oddjob.uchicago.edu; bzowski@cbk.waw.pl; Eberhard.Gruen@mpi-hd.mpg.de; izmod@ipmnet.ru; krueger@mps.mpg.de; jlinsky@jila.colorado.edu; DMcComas@swri.edu; eberhard.moebius@unh.edu; sredfield@wesleyan.edu; nathanas@bu.edu; rls@physast.uga.edu; jslavin@cfa.harvard.edu; brian.wood@nrl.navy.mil RI Izmodenov, Vladislav/K-6073-2012; OI Izmodenov, Vladislav/0000-0002-1748-0982; Moebius, Eberhard/0000-0002-2745-6978; Redfield, Seth/0000-0003-3786-3486 FU NASA [NNG06GE33G, NNX08AJ33G, HST-HF-01190.01, NAS 5-26555] FX P. Frisch, D. McComas, E. Mobius and N. Schwadron gratefully acknowledge support from NASA through the IBEX Explorer mission. P. Frisch thanks NASA for support through grants NNG06GE33G and NNX08AJ33G. We would like to acknowledge Dimitra Koutroumpa for kindly sharing her SWCX spectrum with us in advance of the publication of her article. S. Redfield would like to acknowledge support provided by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF-01190.01 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS 5-26555. NR 202 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-6308 EI 1572-9672 J9 SPACE SCI REV JI Space Sci. Rev. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 146 IS 1-4 BP 235 EP 273 DI 10.1007/s11214-009-9502-0 PG 39 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 495HL UT WOS:000269881300010 ER PT J AU Johnson, EC Armstrong, LE AF Johnson, Evan C. Armstrong, Lawrence E. TI Heat and Hydration Considerations for Junior and Collegiate Tennis Players SO STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dehydration; sodium; exertional heat cramps; thermoregulation; urine color ID MATCH PLAY; SINGLES TENNIS; PHYSIOLOGICAL PROFILE; EXERCISE PERFORMANCE; ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; VOLUNTARY DRINKING; URINARY INDEXES; FLUID; DEHYDRATION; RESPONSES AB Heat and hydration may not be the first considerations of tournament directors, coaches, and athletes, when preparing for tennis. However, health risks and performance decrements are associated with both. The demands of tennis, particularly during multiday tournaments, predispose players to increased core body temperature and large fluid losses. This combination of factors can lead to decreased performance and exertional heat illnesses such as heat cramps, heat syncope, or heat exhaustion. By identifying individual fluid and salt needs, designing a replacement plan, and reducing core body temperature during and between matches, athletes can optimize performance while minimizing risk of heat illness. C1 [Johnson, Evan C.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Armstrong, Lawrence E.] Univ Connecticut, Human Performance Lab, Dept Kinesiol Exercise & Environm Physiol, Storrs, CT USA. RP Johnson, EC (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 12 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1524-1602 J9 STRENGTH COND J JI Strength Cond. J. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 31 IS 4 BP 27 EP 34 DI 10.1519/SSC.0b013e3181aedff2 PG 8 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 614PO UT WOS:000279072400003 ER PT J AU Mastro, MA Eddy, CR Kub, F Park, J Cho, J Kim, J AF Mastro, M. A. Eddy, C. R., Jr. Kub, F. Park, J. Cho, J. Kim, J. TI SYNTHESIS OF MANGANESE OXIDE NANOSTRUCTURES ON CARBON PAPER FOR SUPERCAPACITOR APPLICATIONS SO SURFACE REVIEW AND LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Supercapacitor; manganese oxide; nanostructures ID HYDROUS RUTHENIUM OXIDE; ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITORS; ELECTROLESS DEPOSITION; NANOSCALE MNO2 AB A simple hydrothermal growth process was developed to deposit conformal manganese oxide nanospheres with a diameter of 10 to 20 nm on mesoporous carbon paper. The coating of nanospheres increased the cyclic-voltammogramic response of carbon paper by a factor of 5 with a slight dependence on the scan rate. For comparison, a related chemistry was also developed to fabricate a dense packing of manganese oxide nanorods with a diameter of 20 to 50 nm and a length of approximately 500 nm. The nanorods also increased the cyclic-voltammogramic response of carbon paper but only by a factor of approximately 3. C1 [Mastro, M. A.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.; Kub, F.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Park, J.; Cho, J.] Kookmin Univ, Sch Adv Mat Engn, Seoul, South Korea. [Kim, J.] Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul, South Korea. RP Mastro, MA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mastro@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; jhkim@prosys.korea.ac.kr RI Cho, Jinhan/F-7599-2013; Kim, Jihyun/F-6940-2013 FU ONR; BK21 program; Korea government (MEST) [R11-2005-048-00000-0] FX The research at NRL was supported by ONR. The research at Korea University was supported by BK21 program. This work was also supported by ERC Program of KOSEF grant funded by the Korea government (MEST) (R11-2005-048-00000-0). NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 19 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-625X J9 SURF REV LETT JI Surf. Rev. Lett. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 16 IS 4 BP 513 EP 517 DI 10.1142/S0218625X09013049 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 505LD UT WOS:000270694000003 ER PT J AU Wanebo, JE Kidd, GA King, MC Chung, TS AF Wanebo, John E. Kidd, Grant A. King, Michael C. Chung, Thomas S. TI Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for treatment of adverse radiation effects after stereotactic radiosurgery of arteriovenous malformations: case report and review of literature SO SURGICAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Review DE Hyperbaric oxygen treatment; Arteriovenous malformation; Stereotactic radiosurgery; Adverse radiation effects ID INDUCED BRAIN-INJURY; GAMMA-KNIFE SURGERY; NECROSIS; EDEMA; PERMEABILITY; PARAMETERS; OUTCOMES; SYSTEM; TISSUE AB Background: Adverse radiation effects are a known complication after the use of SRS for AVMs, although it is difficult to predict which patients will manifest with these side effects. Treatment of swelling due to ARE is usually medical, but refractory cases may require surgical decompression. Case Description: This report presents a case of a patient who experienced AREs after SRS (edema, headaches, and nausea) that failed to respond to steroid treatment but was successfully treated with HBO. The treatment characteristics of this and of 5 other cases of radiation injury after SRS for AVM managed with HBO therapy are reviewed, and the pathophysiology is discussed. Conclusion: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy provides a therapeutic option to treat AREs following SRS of cerebral AVMs. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Wanebo, John E.; Kidd, Grant A.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Neurosci, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [King, Michael C.; Chung, Thomas S.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Wanebo, John E.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. [Wanebo, John E.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Wanebo, JE (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Neurosci, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM wanebojs@aol.com OI Wanebo, John/0000-0003-1833-2938 NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-3019 J9 SURG NEUROL JI Surg. Neurol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 72 IS 2 BP 162 EP 168 DI 10.1016/j.surneu.2008.03.037 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 481CY UT WOS:000268785900011 PM 18786715 ER PT J AU Keskinen, MJ AF Keskinen, M. J. TI Fully Kinetic Fokker-Planck Model of Thermal Smoothing in Nonuniform Laser-Target Interactions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STEEP TEMPERATURE-GRADIENTS; ELECTRON HEAT-TRANSPORT; INVERSE BREMSSTRAHLUNG; FUSION-TARGETS; HOT-SPOTS; PLASMAS; DISTRIBUTIONS AB Using a fully kinetic 2D Fokker-Planck model, the generation and evolution of ion density perturbations from nonuniform laser deposition in a plasma slab have been studied. It is found that significant smoothing of the ion density perturbations from nonuniform optically smoothed single beam laser deposition can be achieved on hydrodynamic times scales over a range of scale sizes. In addition, it is observed that the Fokker-Planck model predicts more smoothing than the hydrodynamic Spitzer model. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Charged Particle Phys Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Keskinen, MJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Charged Particle Phys Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 31 PY 2009 VL 103 IS 5 AR 055001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.055001 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 478WC UT WOS:000268618300041 PM 19792507 ER PT J AU Lance, S Nenes, A Mazzoleni, C Dubey, MK Gates, H Varutbangkul, V Rissman, TA Murphy, SM Sorooshian, A Flagan, RC Seinfeld, JH Feingold, G Jonsson, HH AF Lance, Sara Nenes, Athanasios Mazzoleni, Claudio Dubey, Manvendra K. Gates, Harmony Varutbangkul, Varuntida Rissman, Tracey A. Murphy, Shane M. Sorooshian, Armin Flagan, Richard C. Seinfeld, John H. Feingold, Graham Jonsson, Haflidi H. TI Cloud condensation nuclei activity, closure, and droplet growth kinetics of Houston aerosol during the Gulf of Mexico Atmospheric Composition and Climate Study (GoMACCS) SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; HYGROSCOPIC GROWTH; CCN ACTIVITY; INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; LIGHT-ABSORPTION; SURFACE-TENSION; PARTICLES; SIZE; WATER AB In situ cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) measurements were obtained in the boundary layer over Houston, Texas, during the 2006 Gulf of Mexico Atmospheric Composition and Climate Study (GoMACCS) campaign onboard the CIRPAS Twin Otter. Polluted air masses in and out of cloudy regions were sampled for a total of 22 flights, with CCN measurements obtained for 17 of these flights. In this paper, we focus on CCN closure during two flights, within and downwind of the Houston regional plume and over the Houston Ship Channel. During both flights, air was sampled with particle concentrations exceeding 25,000 cm(-3) and CCN concentrations exceeding 10,000 cm(-3). CCN closure is evaluated by comparing measured concentrations with those predicted on the basis of measured aerosol size distributions and aerosol mass spectrometer particle composition. Different assumptions concerning the internally mixed chemical composition result in average CCN overprediction ranging from 3% to 36% (based on a linear fit). It is hypothesized that the externally mixed fraction of the aerosol contributes much of the CCN closure scatter, while the internally mixed fraction largely controls the overprediction bias. On the basis of the droplet sizes of activated CCN, organics do not seem to impact, on average, the CCN activation kinetics. C1 [Lance, Sara; Nenes, Athanasios] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Dubey, Manvendra K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Lance, Sara; Feingold, Graham] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Gates, Harmony; Varutbangkul, Varuntida; Rissman, Tracey A.; Murphy, Shane M.; Sorooshian, Armin; Flagan, Richard C.; Seinfeld, John H.] CALTECH, Dept Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Jonsson, Haflidi H.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Ctr Interdisciplinary Remotely Piloted Aircraft S, Marina, CA 93933 USA. [Mazzoleni, Claudio] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Lance, Sara; Nenes, Athanasios] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Lance, S (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, 311 Ferst Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM athanasios.nenes@gatech.edu RI Dubey, Manvendra/E-3949-2010; Lance, Sara/A-4834-2011; Mazzoleni, Claudio/E-5615-2011; Feingold, Graham/B-6152-2009; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015 OI Dubey, Manvendra/0000-0002-3492-790X; FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) [NA05OAR4310101, NA06OAR4310082]; NSF; Office of Naval Research; Georgia Institute of Technology; National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Advanced Study Program (ASP) Graduate Fellowship; National Research Council Research Associateships Program Fellowship FX We acknowledge support from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) under contracts NA05OAR4310101 and NA06OAR4310082, the support of an NSF CAREER grant, and the Office of Naval Research. S. L. would like to acknowledge the support of a Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech) Presidential Fellowship, a National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Advanced Study Program (ASP) Graduate Fellowship, and a National Research Council Research Associateships Program Fellowship (awarded January 2008). We also thank C. Brock and three anonymous reviewers for helpful comments, as well as A. Stohl and S. Ekhardt for providing the Flexpart back trajectory results. M. K. D. and C. M. thank LANL-LDRD and DOE-Office of Science-OBER-ASP for support of the photoacoustic deployment. NR 51 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 3 U2 26 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUL 30 PY 2009 VL 114 AR D00F15 DI 10.1029/2008JD011699 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 479AT UT WOS:000268631800002 ER PT J AU Kaminski, K Kaminska, E Ngai, KL Paluch, M Wlodarczyk, P Kasprzycka, A Szeja, W AF Kaminski, K. Kaminska, E. Ngai, K. L. Paluch, M. Wlodarczyk, P. Kasprzycka, A. Szeja, W. TI Identifying the Origins of Two Secondary Relaxations in Polysaccharides SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID GOLDSTEIN BETA-RELAXATION; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; GLASS-TRANSITION; AMORPHOUS CELLULOSE; MOLECULAR MOTIONS; ALPHA-RELAXATION; WATER-CONTENT; CHAIN-LENGTH; SOLID-STATE; SPECTROSCOPY AB The main goal of this paper is to identify the molecular origins of two secondary relaxations observed in mechanical as well as in dielectric spectra in polysaccharides, including cellulose, and starches, such as pullulan and dextran. This issue has been actively pursued by many research groups, but consensus has not been reached. By comparing experimental data of monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides, we are able to make conclusions on the origins of two secondary relaxations in poly saccharides. The faster secondary relaxations of polysaccharides are similar to the faster secondary relaxations of mono-, di-, and oligosaccharides. These include comparable relaxation times and activation energies in the glassy states, and also all the faster secondary relaxations have larger dielectric strengths than the slower secondary relaxation. The similarities indicate that the faster secondary relaxations in the polysaccharides have the same origin as that in mono-, di-, and oligosaccharides. Furthermore, since the relaxation time of the faster secondary relaxation in several mono- and disaccharides was found to be insensitive to applied pressure, the faster secondary relaxations of the polysaccharides are identified as internal motions within their monomeric units. The slower secondary relaxations in polysaccharides also have similar characteristics to those of the slower secondary relaxations of the disaccharides (maltose, cellobiose, sucrose, and trehalose), which indicates the analogous motions govern the slower process in these two groups of carbohydrates. Earlier we have shown in disaccharides that the rotation of the monomeric units around the glycosidic bond is responsible for this process. The same motion can occur in polysaccharides in the form of a local chain rotation, These motions involve the whole molecule in disaccharides and a local segment in polysaccharides. It is intermolecular in nature (with relaxation time pressure dependent, as found before in a disaccharide), and hence, it is the precursor of the structural (x-relaxation. These results lead us to identify the slower secondary relaxation of the polysaccharides as the Johari-Goldstein beta-relaxation, which is supposedly a universal and fundamental process in all glass-forming Substances. C1 [Kaminski, K.; Kaminska, E.; Paluch, M.; Wlodarczyk, P.] Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. [Ngai, K. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kasprzycka, A.; Szeja, W.] Silesian Tech Univ, Dept Chem, Div Organ Chem Biochem & Biotechnol, PL-44100 Gliwice, Poland. RP Kaminski, K (reprint author), Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, Ul Uniwersytecka 4, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland. FU Foundation for Polish Science Team Programme; EU European Regional Development Fund; Office of Naval Research; FNP FX The authors are deeply thankful for the financial support within the framework of the project entitled "From Study of Molecular Dynamics in Amorphous Medicines at Arribient and Elevated Pressure to Novel Applications in Pharmacy". which is operated within the Foundation for Polish Science Team Programme, cofinanced by the EU European Regional Development Fund. At the Naval Research laboratory, K.L.N. is supported by the Office of Naval Research. K.K. and EX acknowledge financial assistance from FNP (2009). NR 62 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 29 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUL 30 PY 2009 VL 113 IS 30 BP 10088 EP 10096 DI 10.1021/jp809760t PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 473SY UT WOS:000268231000009 PM 19572673 ER PT J AU Alexson, DA Badescu, SC Glembocki, OJ Prokes, SM Rendell, RW AF Alexson, Dimitri A. Badescu, Stefan C. Glembocki, Orest J. Prokes, Sharka M. Rendell, Ronald W. TI Metal-adsorbate hybridized electronic states and their impact on surface enhanced Raman scattering SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; LARGE AG NANOCRYSTALS; SINGLE-MOLECULE; CHEMICAL ENHANCEMENT; AROMATIC THIOLS; SERS; SPECTROSCOPY; SILVER; GOLD; NANOPARTICLES AB The nature of the background emission in surface enhanced Raman scattering is elucidated. A simple group of benzene ring based thiols is used to demonstrate the introduction of optically active interface states upon adsorption on Ag coated dielectric core nanowires. Excellent agreement is obtained with density of state (DOS) calculations for benzenethiol adsorbed on Ag. We also present evidence for photoluminescence enhanced resonant Raman scattering as an important component of surface enhanced Raman scattering. (C) 2009 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Alexson, Dimitri A.; Badescu, Stefan C.; Glembocki, Orest J.; Prokes, Sharka M.; Rendell, Ronald W.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Alexson, DA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM dimitri.alexson.ctr@nrl.navy.mil FU DTRA [AA06CBT013] FX The authors are grateful to Dr. Fritz Kub and Dr. Banahalli Ratna for their support. This research was funded by DTRA contract number AA06CBT013, managed by Dr. Stephen Lee and Dr. Jennifer Becker. NR 41 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 28 PY 2009 VL 477 IS 1-3 BP 144 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.06.053 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 475BF UT WOS:000268329800030 ER PT J AU Dolgov, OV Golubov, AA Parker, D AF Dolgov, O. V. Golubov, A. A. Parker, D. TI Microwave response of superconducting pnictides: extended s(+/-) scenario SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TC-SUPERCONDUCTORS; IMPURITY SCATTERING; CONDUCTIVITY; DENSITY AB We consider a two-band superconductor with relative phase pi between the two order parameters as a model for the superconducting state in ferropnictides. Within this model we calculate the microwave response and the NMR relaxation rate. The influence of intra- and interband impurity scattering beyond the Born and unitary limits is taken into account. We show that, depending on the scattering rate, various types of power law temperature dependences of the magnetic field penetration depth and the NMR relaxation rate at low temperatures may take place. C1 [Golubov, A. A.] Univ Twente, Fac Sci & Technol, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. [Golubov, A. A.] Univ Twente, MESA Inst Nanotechnol, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. [Dolgov, O. V.] Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. [Parker, D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Golubov, AA (reprint author), Univ Twente, Fac Sci & Technol, POB 217, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. EM a.golubov@utwente.nl RI Dolgov, Oleg/M-8120-2015 OI Dolgov, Oleg/0000-0001-8997-2671 NR 39 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1367-2630 J9 NEW J PHYS JI New J. Phys. PD JUL 23 PY 2009 VL 11 AR 075012 DI 10.1088/1367-2630/11/7/075012 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 474ZX UT WOS:000268324900001 ER PT J AU Landrum, ML Hullsiek, KH Ganesan, A Weintrob, AC Crum-Cianflone, NF Barthel, RV Peel, S Agan, BK AF Landrum, Michael L. Hullsiek, Katherine Huppler Ganesan, Anuradha Weintrob, Amy C. Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F. Barthel, R. Vincent Peel, Sheila Agan, Brian K. TI Hepatitis B vaccine responses in a large US military cohort of HIV-infected individuals: Another benefit of HAART in those with preserved CD4 count SO VACCINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th Annual Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy/46th Annual Meeting of the Infectious-Diseases-Society-of-America CY OCT 25, 2008 CL Washington, DC SP Infect Dis Soc Amer DE Hepatitis B vaccine; Hepatitis B virus; Human immunodeficiency virus; Highly active antiretroviral therapy; Immunization ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; LONG-TERM IMMUNOGENICITY; CELL COUNTS; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; RISK-FACTORS; T-CELL; ADULTS; NONRESPONDERS; NORMALIZATION AB The influence of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) upon hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine responses in HIV-infected individuals is unclear. After classification of vaccinees as non-responders (HBsAb <10IU/L) or responders (HBsAb >= 10IU/L) in our HIV cohort, multivariate logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with subsequent vaccine response. Of 626 participants vaccinated from 1988 to 2005, 217 (35%) were vaccine responders. Receipt of >= 3 doses of vaccine (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.24-2.70), higher CD4 count at vaccination (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.05-1.13 per 50 cells/mu l increase), and use of HAART (OR 2.37, 95% CI 1.56-3.62) were all associated with increased likelihood of developing a response. However, only 49% of those on HAART at last vaccination responded, and 62% of those on HAART, with CD4 count >= 350, and HIV RNA <400 copies/mL responded. Compared to those on HAART with CD4 count >= 350, those not on HAART with CD4 count >= 350 had significantly reduced odds of developing a vaccine response (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.30-0.70). While HAART use concurrent with HBV immunization was associated with increased probability of responding to the vaccine, the response rate was low for those on HAART. These data provide additional evidence of HAART benefits, even in those with higher CD4 counts, but also highlight the need for improving HBV vaccine immunogenicity. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Landrum, Michael L.; Hullsiek, Katherine Huppler; Ganesan, Anuradha; Weintrob, Amy C.; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.; Agan, Brian K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD USA. [Landrum, Michael L.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Hullsiek, Katherine Huppler] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Ganesan, Anuradha] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Weintrob, Amy C.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Barthel, R. Vincent] USN, Med Ctr, Portsmouth, CA 92152 USA. [Peel, Sheila] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Landrum, ML (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, MCHE MDI, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM mlandrum@idcrp.org OI Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669 FU NIAID NIH HHS [HU0001-05-2-0011]; PHS HHS [HU0001-05-2-0011] NR 45 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 23 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 34 BP 4731 EP 4738 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.04.016 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 475IG UT WOS:000268351200024 PM 19540026 ER PT J AU Rouillard, AP Davies, JA Forsyth, RJ Savani, NP Sheeley, NR Thernisien, A Zhang, TL Howard, RA Anderson, B Carr, CM Tsang, S Lockwood, M Davis, CJ Harrison, RA Bewsher, D Franz, M Crothers, SR Eyles, CJ Brown, DS Whittaker, I Hapgood, M Coates, AJ Jones, GH Grande, M Frahm, RA Winningham, JD AF Rouillard, A. P. Davies, J. A. Forsyth, R. J. Savani, N. P. Sheeley, N. R. Thernisien, A. Zhang, T. -L. Howard, R. A. Anderson, B. Carr, C. M. Tsang, S. Lockwood, M. Davis, C. J. Harrison, R. A. Bewsher, D. Fraenz, M. Crothers, S. R. Eyles, C. J. Brown, D. S. Whittaker, I. Hapgood, M. Coates, A. J. Jones, G. H. Grande, M. Frahm, R. A. Winningham, J. D. TI A solar storm observed from the Sun to Venus using the STEREO, Venus Express, and MESSENGER spacecraft SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; PLANAR MAGNETIC-STRUCTURES; 1 AU; CLOUDS; WIND; STREAMS; ANGLE; FIELD; FLUX; INSTRUMENT AB The suite of SECCHI optical imaging instruments on the STEREO-A spacecraft is used to track a solar storm, consisting of several coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and other coronal loops, as it propagates from the Sun into the heliosphere during May 2007. The 3-D propagation path of the largest interplanetary CME (ICME) is determined from the observations made by the SECCHI Heliospheric Imager (HI) on STEREO-A (HI-1/2A). Two parts of the CME are tracked through the SECCHI images, a bright loop and a V-shaped feature located at the rear of the event. We show that these two structures could be the result of line-of-sight integration of the light scattered by electrons located on a single flux rope. In addition to being imaged by HI, the CME is observed simultaneously by the plasma and magnetic field experiments on the Venus Express and MESSENGER spacecraft. The imaged loop and V-shaped structure bound, as expected, the flux rope observed in situ. The SECCHI images reveal that the leading loop-like structure propagated faster than the V-shaped structure, and a decrease in in situ CME speed occurred during the passage of the flux rope. We interpret this as the result of the continuous radial expansion of the flux rope as it progressed outward through the interplanetary medium. An expansion speed in the radial direction of similar to 30 km s(-1) is obtained directly from the SECCHI-HI images and is in agreement with the difference in speed of the two structures observed in situ. This paper shows that the flux rope location can be determined from white light images, which could have important space weather applications. C1 [Rouillard, A. P.; Lockwood, M.] Univ Southampton, Space Environm Phys Grp, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Anderson, B.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Rouillard, A. P.; Davies, J. A.; Lockwood, M.; Davis, C. J.; Harrison, R. A.; Bewsher, D.; Crothers, S. R.; Eyles, C. J.; Hapgood, M.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Space Sci & Technol Dept, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Bewsher, D.; Brown, D. S.; Whittaker, I.; Grande, M.] Aberystwyth Univ, Inst Math & Phys, Aberystwyth SY23 3BZ, Dyfed, Wales. [Forsyth, R. J.; Savani, N. P.; Carr, C. M.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England. [Tsang, S.; Coates, A. J.; Jones, G. H.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. [Frahm, R. A.; Winningham, J. D.] SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78238 USA. [Fraenz, M.] Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. [Sheeley, N. R.; Thernisien, A.; Howard, R. A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zhang, T. -L.] Austrian Acad Sci, Space Res Inst, A-8042 Graz, Austria. [Eyles, C. J.] Univ Valencia, Grp Astron & Ciencias Espacio, Valencia, Spain. RP Rouillard, AP (reprint author), Univ Southampton, Space Environm Phys Grp, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. EM alexisrouillard@yahoo.co.uk RI Jones, Geraint/C-1682-2008; Hapgood, Mike/D-6269-2014; Savani, Neel/G-4066-2014; Scott, Christopher/H-8664-2012; Grande, Manuel/C-2242-2013; Lockwood, Mike/G-1030-2011; Coates, Andrew/C-2396-2008; OI Hapgood, Mike/0000-0002-0211-0241; Savani, Neel/0000-0002-1916-7877; Scott, Christopher/0000-0001-6411-5649; Grande, Manuel/0000-0002-2233-2618; Lockwood, Mike/0000-0002-7397-2172; Coates, Andrew/0000-0002-6185-3125; Brown, Daniel/0000-0002-1618-8816; Bewsher, Danielle/0000-0002-6351-5170; Jones, Geraint/0000-0002-5859-1136 FU STFC (UK) FX We thank Angelos Vourlidas and Len Burlaga for their comments on the original manuscript. This work was funded by STFC (UK). The STEREO/SECCHI data are produced by a consortium of RAL (UK), NRL (USA), LMSAL (USA), GSFC (USA), MPS (Germany), CSL (Belgium), IOTA (France), and IAS (France). The Venus Express and MESSENGER missions are ESA and NASA missions, respectively. NR 56 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL 21 PY 2009 VL 114 AR A07106 DI 10.1029/2008JA014034 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 475JU UT WOS:000268355400004 ER PT J AU Katzir, Y Eisenmann, S Ferber, Y Zigler, A Hubbard, RF AF Katzir, Yiftach Eisenmann, Shmuel Ferber, Yair Zigler, Arie Hubbard, Richard F. TI A plasma microlens for ultrashort high power lasers SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE plasma focus; plasma production by laser AB We present a technique for generation of miniature plasma lens system that can be used for focusing and collimating a high intensity femtosecond laser pulse. The plasma lens was created by a nanosecond laser, which ablated a capillary entrance. The spatial configuration of the ablated plasma focused a high intensity femtosecond laser pulse. This configuration offers versatility in the plasma lens small f-number for extremely tight focusing of high power lasers with no damage threshold restrictions of regular optical components. C1 [Katzir, Yiftach; Eisenmann, Shmuel; Ferber, Yair; Zigler, Arie] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [Hubbard, Richard F.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Katzir, Y (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. EM yiftach.katzir@mail.huji.ac.il RI Eisenmann, Shmuel/F-2624-2010; zigler, arie/C-2667-2012; Eisenmann, Shmuel/D-1450-2013 OI Eisenmann, Shmuel/0000-0003-1661-7040 FU BSF 2006; Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by BSF 2006 and by the Office of Naval Research. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 20 PY 2009 VL 95 IS 3 AR 031101 DI 10.1063/1.3184788 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 475ZA UT WOS:000268405300001 ER PT J AU Feng, L Inhester, B Solanki, SK Wilhelm, K Wiegelmann, T Podlipnik, B Howard, RA Plunkett, SP Wuelser, JP Gan, WQ AF Feng, L. Inhester, B. Solanki, S. K. Wilhelm, K. Wiegelmann, T. Podlipnik, B. Howard, R. A. Plunkett, S. P. Wuelser, J. P. Gan, W. Q. TI STEREOSCOPIC POLAR PLUME RECONSTRUCTIONS FROM STEREO/SECCHI IMAGES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE methods: data analysis; solar wind; Sun: corona; Sun: magnetic fields; techniques: image processing ID FAST SOLAR-WIND; CORONAL PLUMES; MAGNETIC STEREOSCOPY; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; NETWORK ACTIVITY; SPACECRAFT; SECCHI; MODEL; HOLES; LOOPS AB We present stereoscopic reconstructions of the location and inclination of polar plumes of two data sets based on the two simultaneously recorded images taken by the EUVI telescopes in the SECCHI instrument package onboard the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory spacecraft. The 10 plumes investigated show a superradial expansion in the coronal hole in three dimensions (3D) which is consistent with the two-dimensional results. Their deviations from the local meridian planes are rather small with an average of 6 degrees..47. By comparing the reconstructed plumes with a dipole field with its axis along the solar rotation axis, it is found that plumes are inclined more horizontally than the dipole field. The lower the latitude is, the larger is the deviation from the dipole field. The relationship between plumes and bright points has been investigated and they are not always associated. For the first data set, based on the 3D height of plumes and the electron density derived from SUMER/SOHO Si VIII line pair, we found that electron densities along the plumes decrease with height above the solar surface. The temperature obtained from the density scale height is 1.6-1.8 times larger than the temperature obtained from Mg IX line ratios. We attribute this discrepancy to a deviation of the electron and the ion temperatures. Finally, we have found that the outflow speeds studied in the O VI line in the plumes corrected by the angle between the line of sight and the plume orientation are quite small with amaximum of 10 km s(-1). It is unlikely that plumes are a dominant contributor to the fast solar wind. C1 [Feng, L.; Inhester, B.; Solanki, S. K.; Wilhelm, K.; Wiegelmann, T.; Podlipnik, B.] Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. [Feng, L.; Gan, W. Q.] Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China. [Howard, R. A.; Plunkett, S. P.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wuelser, J. P.] Lockheed Martin ATC, Solar & Astrophys Lab, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Feng, L (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, Max Planck Str 2, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. RI Solanki, Sami/E-2487-2013; Feng, Li/G-2100-2015 OI Solanki, Sami/0000-0002-3418-8449; FU Universities Gottingen and Braunschweig [50OC0501]; National Basic Research Program of China [2006CB806302] FX The authors appreciated the constructive comments of the referee. STEREO is a project of NASA, SOHO a joint ESA/NASA project. L. F. and K. W. are members of an ISSI International Study Team on plumes. L. F. was supported by the IMPRS graduate school run jointly by the Max Planck Society and the Universities Gottingen and Braunschweig. T. W. was supported by DLR grant 50OC0501 and W. Q. G. was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2006CB806302). NR 39 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 2009 VL 700 IS 1 BP 292 EP 301 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/700/1/292 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 467UP UT WOS:000267768900026 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Atwood, WB Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Baughman, BM Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bouvier, A Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Burnett, TH Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Chen, AW Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Colafrancesco, S Collmar, W Cominsky, LR Conrad, J Costamante, L Cutini, S Dermer, CD de Angelis, A de Palma, F Digel, SW Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Ferrara, EC Finke, J Focke, WB Foschini, L Frailis, M Fuhrmann, L Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giommi, P Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hartman, RC Hayashida, M Hays, E Healey, SE Horan, D Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, RP Johnson, TJ Johnson, WN Kadler, M Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kocian, ML Kuehn, F Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Makeev, A Massaro, E Mazziotta, MN McConville, W McEnery, JE McGlynn, S Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Moretti, E Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Ozaki, M Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Razzaque, S Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Reyes, LC Ritz, S Rochester, LS Rodriguez, AY Romani, RW Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sanchez, D Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Scargle, JD Schalk, TL Sellerholm, A Sgro, C Shaw, MS Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Starck, JL Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Taylor, GB Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vilchez, N Villata, M Vitale, V Waite, AP Winer, BL Wood, KS Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Atwood, W. B. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. M. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bouvier, A. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. H. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Chen, A. W. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Colafrancesco, S. Collmar, W. Cominsky, L. R. Conrad, J. Costamante, L. Cutini, S. Dermer, C. D. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Ferrara, E. C. Finke, J. Focke, W. B. Foschini, L. Frailis, M. Fuhrmann, L. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giommi, P. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hartman, R. C. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Healey, S. E. Horan, D. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, T. J. Johnson, W. N. Kadler, M. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kocian, M. L. Kuehn, F. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Makeev, A. Massaro, E. Mazziotta, M. N. McConville, W. McEnery, J. E. McGlynn, S. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Moretti, E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Ozaki, M. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Razzaque, S. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Reyes, L. C. Ritz, S. Rochester, L. S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Romani, R. W. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Scargle, J. D. Schalk, T. L. Sellerholm, A. Sgro, C. Shaw, M. S. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Starck, J. -L. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Taylor, G. B. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vilchez, N. Villata, M. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI BRIGHT ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI SOURCE LIST FROM THE FIRST THREE MONTHS OF THE FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE ALL-SKY SURVEY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects: general; galaxies: active; galaxies: jets; gamma rays: observations ID BL-LACERTAE OBJECTS; GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; N-LOG S; X-RAY; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; SOURCE CATALOG; RADIO-SOURCES; STATISTICAL PROPERTIES; EGRET OBSERVATIONS; SPACE-TELESCOPE AB The first three months of sky-survey operation with the Large Area Telescope (LAT) onboard the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope reveal 132 bright sources at |b| > 10 degrees with test statistic greater than 100 ( corresponding to about 10 sigma). Two methods, based on the CGRaBS, CRATES, and BZCat catalogs, indicate high-confidence associations of 106 of these sources with known active galactic nuclei (AGNs). This sample is referred to as the LAT Bright AGN Sample (LBAS). It contains two radio galaxies, namely, Centaurus A and NGC 1275, and 104 blazars consisting of 58 flat spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs), 42 BL Lac objects, and 4 blazars with unknown classification. Four new blazars were discovered on the basis of the LAT detections. Remarkably, the LBAS includes 10 high-energy-peaked BL Lacs (HBLs), sources which were previously difficult to detect in the GeV range. Another 10 lower-confidence associations are found. Only 33 of the sources, plus two at |b| < 10 degrees, were previously detected with Energetic Gamma-Ray Experiment Telescope( EGRET), probably due to variability. The analysis of the gamma-ray properties of the LBAS sources reveals that the average GeV spectra of BL Lac objects are significantly harder than the spectra of FSRQs. No significant correlation between radio and peak gamma-ray fluxes is observed. Blazar log N-log S distributions and luminosity functions are constructed to investigate the evolution of the different blazar classes, with positive evolution indicated for FSRQs but none for BL Lacs. The contribution of LAT blazars to the total extragalactic gamma-ray intensity is estimated. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Dermer, C. D.; Finke, J.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Razzaque, S.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Costamante, L.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Healey, S. E.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Shaw, M. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Costamante, L.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Healey, S. E.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Shaw, M. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schalk, T. L.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schalk, T. L.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Axelsson, M.; Conrad, J.; McGlynn, S.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Sellerholm, A.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmo Particle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Starck, J. -L.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, Lab AIM,CEA IRFU,CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.; Moretti, E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.; Moretti, E.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Baughman, B. M.; Hughes, R. E.; Kuehn, F.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Giebels, B.; Horan, D.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.; Chen, A. W.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Colafrancesco, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Giommi, P.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Rome, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cheung, C. C.; Ferrara, E. C.; Gehrels, N.; Harding, A. K.; Hartman, R. C.; Hays, E.; Johnson, T. J.; McConville, W.; McEnery, J. E.; Ritz, S.; Thompson, D. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, Montpellier, France. [Collmar, W.; Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Conrad, J.; McGlynn, S.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.; Sellerholm, A.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Foschini, L.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Brera, I-23807 Merate, Italy. [Fuhrmann, L.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.; Johnson, T. J.; McConville, W.; Moiseev, A. A.; Ritz, S.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Giroletti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Kadler, M.] Dr Remeis Sternwarte Bamberg, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. [Kadler, M.; Moiseev, A. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Kadler, M.] Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Kadler, M.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698050, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] CNRS, UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Massaro, E.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Ormes, J. F.; Takahashi, T.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Reyes, L. C.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, IEEC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Taylor, G. B.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Villata, M.] Osserv Astron Torino, INAF, I-10025 Pino Torinese, TO, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. EM lott@cenbg.in2p3.fr; tosti@pg.infn.it RI Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013; Starck, Jean-Luc/D-9467-2011; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Foschini, Luigi/H-3833-2012; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; OI Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Starck, Jean-Luc/0000-0003-2177-7794; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Foschini, Luigi/0000-0001-8678-0324; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; Villata, Massimo/0000-0003-1743-6946; giommi, paolo/0000-0002-2265-5003; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Axelsson, Magnus/0000-0003-4378-8785; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Moretti, Elena/0000-0001-5477-9097; Kadler, Matthias/0000-0001-5606-6154; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726 NR 83 TC 261 Z9 263 U1 6 U2 20 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 2009 VL 700 IS 1 BP 597 EP 622 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/700/1/597 PG 26 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 467UP UT WOS:000267768900049 ER PT J AU Warren, HP Brooks, DH AF Warren, Harry P. Brooks, David H. TI THE TEMPERATURE AND DENSITY STRUCTURE OF THE SOLAR CORONA. I. OBSERVATIONS OF THE QUIET SUN WITH THE EUV IMAGING SPECTROMETER ON HINODE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: corona ID ACTIVE-REGION LOOPS; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET OBSERVATIONS; EMISSION-LINES; IONIZATION BALANCE; B SATELLITE; SPECTRA; PLASMA; DIAGNOSTICS; SOHO; CHIANTI AB Measurements of the temperature and density structure of the solar corona provide critical constraints on theories of coronal heating. Unfortunately, the complexity of the solar atmosphere, observational uncertainties, and the limitations of current atomic calculations, particularly those for Fe, all conspire to make this task very difficult. A critical assessment of plasma diagnostics in the corona is essential to making progress on the coronal heating problem. In this paper, we present an analysis of temperature and density measurements above the limb in the quiet corona using new observations from the EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) on Hinode. By comparing the Si and Fe emission observed with EIS we are able to identify emission lines that yield consistent emission measure distributions. With these data we find that the distribution of temperatures in the quiet corona above the limb is strongly peaked near 1 MK, consistent with previous studies. We also find, however, that there is a tail in the emission measure distribution that extends to higher temperatures. EIS density measurements from several density sensitive line ratios are found to be generally consistent with each other and with previous measurements in the quiet corona. Our analysis, however, also indicates that a significant fraction of the weaker emission lines observed in the EIS wavelength ranges cannot be understood with current atomic data. C1 [Warren, Harry P.; Brooks, David H.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Brooks, David H.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Warren, HP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 37 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 2009 VL 700 IS 1 BP 762 EP 773 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/700/1/762 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 467UP UT WOS:000267768900062 ER PT J AU Vollmer, C Brenker, FE Hoppe, P Stroud, RM AF Vollmer, Christian Brenker, Frank E. Hoppe, Peter Stroud, Rhonda M. TI DIRECT LABORATORY ANALYSIS OF SILICATE STARDUST FROM RED GIANT STARS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; dust, extinction; infrared: stars; methods: laboratory; stars: AGB and post-AGB; stars: winds, outflows ID INTERPLANETARY DUST; CRYSTALLINE SILICATES; CARBONACEOUS CHONDRITE; SOLAR-SYSTEM; GRAINS; MINERALOGY; OLIVINE; EVOLUTION; SPECIMENS; GROWTH AB We performed combined focused ion beam/transmission electron microscopy studies to investigate the chemistry and structure of eight presolar silicate grains that were previously detected by NanoSIMS oxygen isotope mapping of the carbonaceous chondrite Acfer 094. The analyzed presolar silicates belong to the O isotope Groups I/II ((17)O-enriched and (18)O-depleted) and therefore come from 1-2.5 M(circle dot) asymptotic giant branch stars of close-to-solar or slightly lower-than-solar metallicity. Three grains are amorphous, Mg-rich, and show a variable, but more pyroxene-like composition. Most probably, these grains have formed under circumstellar low-temperature conditions below the crystallization temperature. Three grains are Fe-bearing glasses similar to the "glass with embedded metal and sulfides" (GEMS) grains found in interplanetary dust particles. However, two of the meteorite GEMS grains from this study lack comparatively large (greater than or similar to 20 nm) Fe-rich inclusions and have sulfur contents <1 at.%, which is different than observed for the majority of GEMS grains. These grains likely condensed under strong non-equilibrium conditions from an Si-enriched gas. One olivine is characterized by a crystalline core and an amorphous, more Fe-rich rim, which is probably the result of interstellar medium sputtering combined with Mg removal. The detection of another olivine with a relatively high Fe content (Mg# 0.9) shows that circumstellar crystalline silicates are more Fe-rich than astrophysical models usually suggest. The overall predominance of olivine among the crystalline silicate stardust population compared to pyroxene indicates preferential formation or survival of this type of mineral. As pyroxene is indeed detected in circumstellar outflows, it remains to be seen how this result is compatible with astrophysical observations and experimental data. C1 [Vollmer, Christian; Hoppe, Peter] Max Planck Inst Chem, Particle Chem Dept, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. [Brenker, Frank E.] Univ Frankfurt, Geosci Inst Mineral, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Stroud, Rhonda M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Vollmer, C (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Chem, Particle Chem Dept, Joh J Becherweg 27, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. EM cvollmer@mpch-mainz.mpg.de RI Vollmer, Christian/A-7035-2013; Hoppe, Peter/B-3032-2015; Stroud, Rhonda/C-5503-2008 OI Hoppe, Peter/0000-0003-3681-050X; Stroud, Rhonda/0000-0001-5242-8015 NR 49 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 11 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 2009 VL 700 IS 1 BP 774 EP 782 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/700/1/774 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 467UP UT WOS:000267768900063 ER PT J AU Endara, SM Ryan, MAK Sevick, CJ Conlin, AMS Macera, CA Smith, TC AF Endara, Skye M. Ryan, Margaret A. K. Sevick, Carter J. Conlin, Ava Marie S. Macera, Caroline A. Smith, Tyler C. TI Does acute maternal stress in pregnancy affect infant health outcomes? Examination of a large cohort of infants born after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID WORLD-TRADE-CENTER; NEW-YORK-CITY; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; SEX-RATIO; MENTAL-HEALTH; IN-UTERO; POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS; GROWTH RESTRICTION; PRETERM BIRTH; FETAL-GROWTH AB Background: Infants in utero during the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 may have been negatively affected by maternal stress. Studies to date have produced contradictory results. Methods: Data for this retrospective cohort study were obtained from the Department of Defense Birth and Infant Health Registry and included up to 164,743 infants born to active-duty military families. Infants were considered exposed if they were in utero on September 11, 2001, while the referent group included infants gestating in the same period in the preceding and following year (2000 and 2002). We investigated the association of this acute stress during pregnancy with the infant health outcomes of male: female sex ratio, birth defects, preterm birth, and growth deficiencies in utero and in infancy. Results: No difference in sex ratio was observed between infants in utero in the first trimester of pregnancy on September 11, 2001 and infants in the referent population. Examination of the relationship between first-trimester exposure and birth defects also revealed no significant associations. In adjusted multivariable models, neither preterm birth nor growth deficiencies were significantly associated with the maternal exposure to the stress of September 11 during pregnancy. Conclusion: The findings from this large population-based study suggest that women who were pregnant during the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 had no increased risk of adverse infant health outcomes. C1 [Endara, Skye M.; Sevick, Carter J.; Conlin, Ava Marie S.; Macera, Caroline A.; Smith, Tyler C.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Ryan, Margaret A. K.] USN, Hosp Camp Pendleton, Camp Pendleton, CA USA. [Endara, Skye M.; Macera, Caroline A.; Smith, Tyler C.] San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. RP Conlin, AMS (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. EM sendara@gmail.com; margaret.ryan@med.navy.mil; carter.sevick@med.navy.mil; ava.conlin@med.navy.mil; cmacera@mail.sdsu.edu; tyler.c.smith@med.navy.mil NR 42 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 10 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD JUL 20 PY 2009 VL 9 AR 252 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-9-252 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 492MU UT WOS:000269663300001 PM 19619310 ER PT J AU Fatemi, FK Terraciano, ML Bashkansky, M Dutton, Z AF Fatemi, Fredrik K. Terraciano, Matthew L. Bashkansky, Mark Dutton, Zachary TI Cold atom Raman spectrography using velocity-selective resonances SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article AB We have studied velocity-selective resonances in the presence of a uniform magnetic field and shown how they can be used for rapid, single-shot assessment of the ground state magnetic sublevel spectrum in a cold atomic vapor. Cold atoms are released from a magneto-optical trap in the presence of a small bias magnetic field (approximate to 300 mG) and exposed to a laser field comprised of two phase-locked counterpropagating beams connecting the two ground state hyperfine manifolds. An image of the expanded cloud shows the velocity-selected resonances as distinct features, each corresponding to specific magnetic sublevel, in a direct, intuitive manner. We demonstrate the technique with both Rb-87 and Rb-85, and show the utility of the technique by optically pumping into particular magnetic sublevels. The results are shown to agree with a theoretical model, and are compared to traditional Raman spectroscopy. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America C1 [Fatemi, Fredrik K.; Terraciano, Matthew L.; Bashkansky, Mark] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Dutton, Zachary] USN, Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Dutton, Zachary] BBN Technol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Fatemi, FK (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ffatemi@ccs.nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD JUL 20 PY 2009 VL 17 IS 15 BP 12971 EP 12980 DI 10.1364/OE.17.012971 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 475XE UT WOS:000268399500078 PM 19654701 ER PT J AU Robertson, KL Thach, DC AF Robertson, Kelly L. Thach, Dzung C. TI LNA flow-FISH: A flow cytometry-fluorescence in situ hybridization method to detect messenger RNA using locked nucleic acid probes SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH); Flow cytometry; Locked nucleic acid (LNA); messenger RNA (mRNA) detection; beta-Actin ID INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES; HUMAN TELOMERASE; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; DNA; DESIGN; CELLS; RECOGNITION; INHIBITION AB We present a novel method using flow cytometry-fluorescence in situ hybridization (flow-FISH) to detect specific messenger RNA (mRNA) in Suspended cells using locked nucleic acid (LNA)-modified oligonucleotide probes. beta-Actin mRNA was targeted in whole A549 epithelial cells by hybridization with a biotinylated, LNA-modified probe. The LNA bound to beta-actin was then stained using phycoerythrin-conjugated streptavidin and detected by flow cytometry. Shifts in fluorescence signal intensity between the beta-actin LNA probe and a biotinylated, nonspecific control LNA were used to determine optimal conditions for this type of flow-FISH. Multiple conditions for permeabilization and hybridization were tested. and it was found that conditions using 3 mu g/ml of proteinase K for permeabilization and 90 min hybridization at 60 degrees C with buffer containing 50% formamide allow cells containing the LNA-bound mRNA to be detected and differentiated from the control LNA with high confidence (< 14% overlap between Curves). This combined method, called LNA flow-FISH, can be used for detection and quantification of other RNA species as well as for telomerase measurement and detection. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Robertson, Kelly L.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Thach, Dzung C.] NIAID, Infect Dis Lab, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Robertson, KL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kelly.robertson@nrl.navy.mil NR 40 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD JUL 15 PY 2009 VL 390 IS 2 BP 109 EP 114 DI 10.1016/j.ab.2009.04.026 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 457QB UT WOS:000266946000002 PM 19393610 ER PT J AU Johnson, SP Venn-Watson, SK Cassle, SE Smith, CR Jensen, ED Ridgway, SH AF Johnson, Shawn P. Venn-Watson, Stephanie K. Cassle, Stephen E. Smith, Cynthia R. Jensen, Eric D. Ridgway, Sam H. TI Use of phlebotomy treatment in Atlantic bottlenose dolphins with iron overload SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 39th Annual Meeting of the International-Association-of-Aquatic-Animal-Medicine CY MAY, 2008 CL Pomezia, ITALY SP Int Assoc Aquat Anim Med ID CHRONIC-ACTIVE HEPATITIS; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; STORAGE DISEASE; HEMOCHROMATOSIS; CETACEANS; HEMOSIDEROSIS; INFECTION; POPULATION; MANAGEMENT; LEMURS AB Case Description-3 adult (24- to 43-year-old) Atlantic bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) with chronic episodic malaise and inappetence associated with high serum aminotransferase (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase) activities, high serum iron concentration, and serum transferrin saturation > 80% were evaluated. Clinical Findings-Results of histologic examination of liver biopsy specimens revealed hemosiderosis in all 3 dolphins. Except for chronic lymphocytosis in 1 dolphin, results of extensive diagnostic testing revealed no other abnormalities. For each dolphin, a diagnosis of iron overload of unknown origin was made. Treatment and Outcome-Phlebotomy treatment was implemented to reduce body stores of iron. Each phlebotomy procedure removed 7% to 17% (1 to 3 L) of estimated blood volume. Treatment consisted of an induction phase of weekly phlebotomy procedures for 22 to 30 weeks, which was complete when serum iron concentration and aminotransferase activities were within reference ranges and serum transferrin saturation was <= 20% or Hct was <= 30%. Total amount of iron removed from each dolphin was 53 to 111 mg/kg (24.1 to 50.5 mg/lb) of body weight. One dolphin required maintenance procedures at 8- to 12-week intervals when high serum iron concentration was detected. Clinical Relevance-Although the cause of the iron overload and high serum aminotransferase activities remained unknown, phlebotomy treatment successfully resolved the clinicopathologic abnormalities, supporting a role of iron overload in the hepatopathy of the 3 dolphins. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2009;235: 194-200) C1 [Johnson, Shawn P.; Venn-Watson, Stephanie K.; Cassle, Stephen E.; Smith, Cynthia R.; Jensen, Eric D.] USN, Marine Mammal Program, Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr Pacific, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Ridgway, Sam H.] Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Johnson, SP (reprint author), USN, Marine Mammal Program, Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr Pacific, 53560 Hull St, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 33 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 15 PY 2009 VL 235 IS 2 BP 194 EP 200 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 468VG UT WOS:000267851500025 PM 19601742 ER PT J AU Lehmberg, RH Giuliani, JL Schmitt, AJ AF Lehmberg, R. H. Giuliani, J. L. Schmitt, A. J. TI Pulse shaping and energy storage capabilities of angularly multiplexed KrF laser fusion drivers SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INDUCED SPATIAL INCOHERENCE; AMPLIFIER; PERFORMANCE; FACILITY; SYSTEM; DEPOSITION; IMPACT AB This paper describes a rep-rated multibeam KrF laser driver design for the 500 kJ Inertial Fusion test Facility (FTF) recently proposed by NRL, then models its optical pulse shaping capabilities using the ORESTES laser kinetics code. It describes a stable and reliable iteration technique for calculating the required precompensated input pulse shape that will achieve the desired output shape, even when the amplifiers are heavily saturated. It also describes how this precompensation technique could be experimentally implemented in real time on a reprated laser system. The simulations show that this multibeam system can achieve a high fidelity pulse shaping capability, even for a high gain shock ignition pulse whose final spike requires output intensities much higher than the similar to 4 MW/cm(2) saturation levels associated with quasi-cw operation; i.e., they show that KrF can act as a storage medium even for pulsewidths of similar to 1 ns. For the chosen pulse, which gives a predicted fusion energy gain of similar to 120, the simulations predict the FTF can deliver a total on-target energy of 428 kJ, a peak spike power of 385 TW, and amplified spontaneous emission prepulse contrast ratios I(ASE)/I<3 x 10(-7) in intensity and FASE/F < 1.5 x 10(-5) in fluence. Finally, the paper proposes a front-end pulse shaping technique that combines an optical Kerr gate with cw 248 nm light and a 1 mu m control beam shaped by advanced fiber optic technology, such as the one used in the National Ignition Facility (NIF) laser. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3174444] C1 [Lehmberg, R. H.] Res Support Instruments Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Giuliani, J. L.; Schmitt, A. J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lehmberg, RH (reprint author), Res Support Instruments Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. EM lehmberg@this.nrl.navy.mil FU U.S. Department of Energy FX The authors wish to thank Malcolm McGeoch for his design of the FTF layout, Tom Lehecka for his work on the laser system architecture, and Max Karasik for providing Fig. 3. We also acknowledge valuable discussions with Steve Obenschain and John Sethian. This work was supported by U.S. Department of Energy. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 2 AR 023103 DI 10.1063/1.3174444 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 478UE UT WOS:000268613000003 ER PT J AU Qadri, SB Keller, TM Laskoski, M Husz, AM Mahadik, NA AF Qadri, S. B. Keller, T. M. Laskoski, M. Husz, A. M. Mahadik, N. A. TI Anisotropic thermal expansion of RuCo alloys in carbon nanotube matrix SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION; CO/RU AB Ru(1-x)Co(x) alloys exhibit hexagonal close packed phase for x <= 0.75. The nanocrystalline samples of Ru(1-x)Co(x) alloys in the presence of carbon nanotubes were prepared by organometallic synthesis and their thermal expansion coefficients were determined using high resolution x-ray diffraction over a temperature range of 25-250 degrees C. The coefficients of linear thermal expansions (CTE) showed anisotropy along the c- and a-axis. The CTE values showed dependence on the composition and varied between 8.8 x 10(-6) / degrees C to 16.1 x 10(-6) / degrees C for c-axis (alpha(parallel to)) and 5.9 x 10(-6) / degrees C to 12.6 x 10(-6) / degrees C for a-axis (alpha(perpendicular to)). These results suggest that RuCo alloys have low thermal expansivity and allow the tailoring of their thermal properties. The radial thermal expansion coefficient (alpha(c)) of carbon nanotube was 26 x 10(-6) / degrees C. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3183914] C1 [Qadri, S. B.; Keller, T. M.; Laskoski, M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Husz, A. M.; Mahadik, N. A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Qadri, SB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM qadri@anvil.nrl.navy.mil RI Mahadik, Nadeemullah/C-8551-2009 NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 2 AR 026103 DI 10.1063/1.3183914 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 478UE UT WOS:000268613000171 ER PT J AU Summers, E Meloy, R Restorff, JB AF Summers, Eric Meloy, Rob Restorff, J. B. TI Galfenol alloying additions and the effects on uniaxial anisotropy generation SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB The effects of substitutional and interstitial additions on uniaxial anisotropy (K(uni)) generated via stress annealing were investigated for the galfenol (Fe-Ga) alloy system. Polycrystalline samples prepared via free stand zone melt directional solidification technique were tested under pre- and post-stress annealed conditions in order to ascertain the extent of the built-in stress (T(built-in)) created. Energy based modeling utilizing magnetostriction and magnetization data was used to determine K(uni) and T(built-in). Differential magnetomechanical properties; d(33) and mu(r) were estimated using the same model. Carbon additions from a Fe-C master alloy resulted in K(uni) and T(built-in) values of 12.1 kJ/m(3) and 55 MPa, comparable to the binary system. Low carbon steel additions resulted in a minor decrease in K(uni) to 9.6 kJ/m(3), but still had high T(built-in) values of 54 MPa. Aluminum additions exhibited the largest decreases in K(uni) and T(built-in). A linear decrease in both values was observed as a function of increasing aluminum content. K(uni) values for Fe(81.6)Ga(13.8)Al(4.6) and Fe(81.6)Ga(9.2)Al(9.2) alloys were 6.7 and 4.2 kJ/m(3), respectively. T(built-in) values for Fe(81.6)Ga(13.8)Al(4.6) and Fe81.6Ga9.2Al9.2 alloys were 37 and 24 MPa, respectively. Estimated d(33) and mu(r) values ranged from 2.0 to 2.7 x 10(-8) m/A and 120-170 for all compositions studied. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3177325] C1 [Summers, Eric; Meloy, Rob] ETREMA Prod Inc, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Restorff, J. B.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Summers, E (reprint author), ETREMA Prod Inc, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM eric.summers@etrema.com FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-05-C-0165]; NSWCCD In-house Independent Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research under Contract No. N00014-05-C-0165, Office of Naval Research code 321MS, and the NSWCCD In-house Independent Research Program. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 2 AR 024914 DI 10.1063/1.3177325 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 478UE UT WOS:000268613000167 ER PT J AU Weber, PW Howle, LE Murray, MM Fish, FE AF Weber, Paul W. Howle, Laurens E. Murray, Mark M. Fish, Frank E. TI Lift and drag performance of odontocete cetacean flippers SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cetacean; drag; lift; odontocete; flipper; hydrodynamics; computed tomography ID HYDRODYNAMIC PERFORMANCE; WHALE; SURFACES; MAMMALS AB Cetaceans (whales, dolphins and porpoises) have evolved flippers that aid in effective locomotion through their aquatic environments. Differing evolutionary pressures upon cetaceans, including hunting and feeding requirements, and other factors such as animal mass and size have resulted in flippers that are unique among each species. Cetacean flippers may be viewed as being analogous to modern engineered hydrofoils, which have hydrodynamic properties such as lift coefficient, drag coefficient and associated efficiency. Field observations and the collection of biological samples have resulted in flipper geometry being known for most cetacean species. However, the hydrodynamic properties of cetacean flippers have not been rigorously examined and thus their performance properties are unknown. By conducting water tunnel testing using scale models of cetacean flippers derived via computed tomography (CT) scans, as well as computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations, we present a baseline work to describe the hydrodynamic properties of several cetacean flippers. We found that flippers of similar planform shape had similar hydrodynamic performance properties. Furthermore, one group of flippers of planform shape similar to modern swept wings was found to have lift coefficients that increased with angle of attack nonlinearly, which was caused by the onset of vortex-dominated lift. Drag coefficient versus angle of attack curves were found to be less dependent on planform shape. Our work represents a step towards the understanding of the association between performance, ecology, morphology and fluid mechanics based on the three-dimensional geometry of cetacean flippers. C1 [Weber, Paul W.; Howle, Laurens E.] Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Howle, Laurens E.] Duke Univ, Ctr Nonlinear & Complex Syst, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Murray, Mark M.] USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Fish, Frank E.] W Chester Univ, Dept Biol, W Chester, PA 19383 USA. RP Howle, LE (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM laurens.howle@duke.edu FU National Science Foundation; National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation to F. E. F. ( principal investigator), L. E. H. and M. M. M., and the technical support staff of the United States Naval Academy. The authors additionally would like to thank the New Bolton Center of the University of Pennsylvania Veterinary School, the New Jersey Marine Mammal Stranding Center, the Natural History Museum of the. Smithsonian Institution, the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, and specially Julie Arruda, Scott Cramer, Bruno Frohlich, Perry Habecker, Darlene Ketten, Carly Ginter, James Mead, Jana Parson, Charles Potter, Robert Schoelkopf, and Beth Schuelkens for contributions to this work. P. W. W. was supported by the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship. NR 36 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 4 U2 27 PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4DL, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0022-0949 J9 J EXP BIOL JI J. Exp. Biol. PD JUL 15 PY 2009 VL 212 IS 14 BP 2149 EP 2158 DI 10.1242/jeb.029868 PG 10 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 472MR UT WOS:000268136600007 PM 19561204 ER PT J AU Linton, MG Moldwin, MB AF Linton, M. G. Moldwin, M. B. TI A comparison of the formation and evolution of magnetic flux ropes in solar coronal mass ejections and magnetotail plasmoids SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID CURRENT SHEETS; INTERPLANETARY MEDIUM; GEOTAIL OBSERVATIONS; TRIGGER MECHANISM; GEOMAGNETIC TAIL; DRIVEN EVOLUTION; KINK INSTABILITY; CURRENT LOOPS; 3 DIMENSIONS; RECONNECTION AB Solar coronal mass ejections and their interplanetary counterparts often show evidence of a twisted flux rope structure that is nearly identical, though of vastly different spatial scale, to plasmoids observed in the Earth's magnetotail. This paper reviews the current understanding of flux rope formation, morphology, and evolution in coronal mass ejections and magnetotail plasmoids. It highlights the idea that flux rope formation is a common space physics phenomenon and that the physical mechanisms responsible for flux rope formation occur over a wide range of plasma conditions wherever current sheets exist. C1 [Linton, M. G.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Moldwin, M. B.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Linton, MG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM linton@nrl.navy.mil RI Moldwin, Mark/F-8785-2011 OI Moldwin, Mark/0000-0003-0954-1770 FU NASA; Office of Naval Research FX We thank the referees for their insightful comments. This work was carried out with support from NASA and the Office of Naval Research. NR 152 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL 14 PY 2009 VL 114 AR A00B09 DI 10.1029/2008JA013660 PG 26 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 512OK UT WOS:000271259300001 ER PT J AU Limberopoulos, N Akyurtlu, A Higginson, K Kussow, AG Merritt, CD AF Limberopoulos, Nicholaos Akyurtlu, Alkim Higginson, Keith Kussow, Adil-Gerai Merritt, Charles D. TI Negative refractive index metamaterials in the visible spectrum based on MgB2/SiC composites SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE hot pressing; magnesium compounds; metamaterials; nanocomposites; nanofabrication; nanoparticles; permeability; refractive index; silicon compounds; surface plasmons; visible spectra ID OPTICAL METAMATERIALS; SURFACE-POLARITONS; PERMEABILITY; FREQUENCIES; LIGHT; SLAB AB An isotropic three-dimensional negative refractive index metamaterial has been fabricated and characterized in the visible regime. The metamaterial is based on a structure consisting of polycrystalline magnesium diboride (MgB2) as the host, providing negative permittivity, and silicon carbide (SiC) nanoparticles embedded randomly within the host, providing negative permeability. The metamaterial was fabricated using hot isostatic pressing to produce a fully dense solid with well-dispersed SiC nanoparticles. The properties of the resulting bulk metamaterial were evaluated using surface plasmon excitation, which showed coupling of both magnetic and electric plasmons, signifying both negative permeability and permittivity at 632 nm. C1 [Limberopoulos, Nicholaos; Akyurtlu, Alkim] Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Higginson, Keith] Triton Syst Inc, Chelmsford, MA 01824 USA. [Kussow, Adil-Gerai] Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Phys & Appl Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Merritt, Charles D.] USN, Res Lab, Opt Phys Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Limberopoulos, N (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. EM alkim_akyurtlu@uml.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-05-O1-0314]; Defense Advanced Research Project Agency SBJR [W31P4Q-08-C-0153] FX This research was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research Grant No. FA9550-05-O1-0314 and Defense Advanced Research Project Agency SBJR Contract No. W31P4Q-08-C-0153. The authors would like to acknowledge the Air Force Research Laboratory at Hanscom AFB and Dr. Al Drehmann for providing UV-VJS spectrometer results; Professor Aram Karakashian and Professor William Goodhue for their assistance in the theoretical and experimental development of the testbed; as well as Scott Morrison, Arthur Gavrin, Douglas Freitag, and John Lock for helpful discussions. HIPing was performed by Stephen DiPietro of Exothermics, Inc in Nashua, NH. Micrographs were obtained by John Knowles of Microvision Laboratories. NR 31 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 13 PY 2009 VL 95 IS 2 AR 023306 DI 10.1063/1.3152793 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 471WO UT WOS:000268089200102 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Battelino, M Baughman, BM Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Collmar, W Conrad, J Costamante, L Dermer, CD de Angelis, A de Palma, F Digel, SW Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Focke, WB Foschini, L Frailis, M Fuhrmann, L Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gehrels, N Germani, S Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hartman, RC Hayashida, M Hays, E Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, RP Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kuehn, F Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Makeev, A Max-Moerbeck, W Mazziotta, MN McConville, W McEnery, JE Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pavlidou, V Pearson, TJ Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Readhead, A Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Richards, JL Ritz, S Rodriguez, AY Romani, RW Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sambruna, R Sanchez, D Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Scargle, JD Schalk, TL Sgro, C Smith, DA Spandre, G Spinelli, P Starck, JL Stevenson, M Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Tagliaferri, G Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Tibolla, O Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Winer, BL Wood, KS Ylinen, T Zensus, JA Ziegler, M Ghisellini, G Maraschi, L Tavecchio, F Angelakis, E AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Battelino, M. Baughman, B. M. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Collmar, W. Conrad, J. Costamante, L. Dermer, C. D. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Focke, W. B. Foschini, L. Frailis, M. Fuhrmann, L. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hartman, R. C. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kuehn, F. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Makeev, A. Max-Moerbeck, W. Mazziotta, M. N. McConville, W. McEnery, J. E. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pavlidou, V. Pearson, T. J. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Readhead, A. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Richards, J. L. Ritz, S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Romani, R. W. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sambruna, R. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Scargle, J. D. Schalk, T. L. Sgro, C. Smith, D. A. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Starck, J. -L. Stevenson, M. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Tagliaferri, G. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Tibolla, O. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Zensus, J. A. Ziegler, M. Ghisellini, G. Maraschi, L. Tavecchio, F. Angelakis, E. CA Fermi LAT COLLABORATION TI FERMI/LARGE AREA TELESCOPE DISCOVERY OF GAMMA-RAY EMISSION FROM A RELATIVISTIC JET IN THE NARROW-LINE QUASAR PMN J0948+0022 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; gamma rays: observations; quasars: individual (PMN J0948+0022) ID SEYFERT 1 GALAXIES; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; INVERSE-COMPTON CATASTROPHE; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BLACK-HOLE MASS; RADIO-LOUD; BLAZAR UNIFICATION; GHZ SOURCES; SKY SURVEY; RADIATION AB We report the discovery by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) onboard the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope of high-energy. gamma-ray emission from the peculiar quasar PMN J0948+0022 (z = 0.5846). The optical spectrum of this object exhibits rather narrow H beta (FWHM(H beta) similar to 1500 km s(-1)), weak forbidden lines, and is therefore classified as a narrow-line type I quasar. This class of objects is thought to have relatively small black hole mass and to accrete at a high Eddington ratio. The radio loudness and variability of the compact radio core indicate the presence of a relativistic jet. Quasi-simultaneous radio/optical/X-ray and gamma-ray observations are presented. Both radio and gamma-ray emissions (observed over five months) are strongly variable. The simultaneous optical and X-ray data from Swift show a blue continuum attributed to the accretion disk and a hard X-ray spectrum attributed to the jet. The resulting broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) and, in particular, the gamma-ray spectrum measured by Fermi are similar to those of more powerful Flat-Spectrum Radio Quasars (FSRQs). A comparison of the radio and gamma-ray characteristics of PMN J0948+0022 with the other blazars detected by LAT shows that this source has a relatively low radio and gamma-ray power with respect to other FSRQs. The physical parameters obtained from modeling the SED also fall at the low power end of the FSRQ parameter region discussed in Celotti & Ghisellini. We suggest that the similarity of the SED of PMN J0948+0022 to that of more massive and more powerful quasars can be understood in a scenario in which the SED properties depend on the Eddington ratio rather than on the absolute power. C1 [Foschini, L.; Tagliaferri, G.; Ghisellini, G.; Maraschi, L.; Tavecchio, F.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Brera, I-23807 Merate, Italy. [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Costamante, L.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Costamante, L.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Axelsson, M.; Battelino, M.; Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmo Particle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Starck, J. -L.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, CNRS, Lab AIM,CEA IRFU,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Battelino, M.; Conrad, J.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baughman, B. M.; Hughes, R. E.; Kuehn, F.; Sander, A.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Giebels, B.; Sanchez, D.] CNRS IN2P3, Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.] Sci Data Ctr, ASI, I-00044 Rome, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cheung, C. C.; Gehrels, N.; Harding, A. K.; Hartman, R. C.; Hays, E.; McConville, W.; McEnery, J. E.; Ritz, S.; Sambruna, R.; Thompson, D. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS IN2P3, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, F-34095 Montpellier, France. [Collmar, W.; Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Grp Coll Udine, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, Gradignan, France. [Fuhrmann, L.; Zensus, J. A.; Angelakis, E.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.; McConville, W.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Giroletti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schalk, T. L.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schalk, T. L.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698050, Japan. [Kerr, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.; Ziegler, M.] CNRS UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Max-Moerbeck, W.; Pavlidou, V.; Pearson, T. J.; Readhead, A.; Richards, J. L.; Stevenson, M.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] IEEC CSIC, Inst Ciencies Espai, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Tibolla, O.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-10133 Rome, Italy. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Foschini, L (reprint author), INAF Osservatorio Astron Brera, I-23807 Merate, Italy. EM luigi.foschini@brera.inaf.it RI Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Pavlidou, Vasiliki/C-2944-2011; Pearson, Timothy/N-2376-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Starck, Jean-Luc/D-9467-2011; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Foschini, Luigi/H-3833-2012; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012 OI Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; Ghisellini, Gabriele/0000-0002-0037-1974; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Axelsson, Magnus/0000-0003-4378-8785; Tagliaferri, Gianpiero/0000-0003-0121-0723; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Angelakis, Emmanouil/0000-0001-7327-5441; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Pavlidou, Vasiliki/0000-0002-0870-1368; Pearson, Timothy/0000-0001-5213-6231; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Starck, Jean-Luc/0000-0003-2177-7794; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Foschini, Luigi/0000-0001-8678-0324; FU NASA [NNX08AW31G]; NSF [AST-0808050] FX This research is partly based on observations with the 100 m telescope of the Max-Planck-Institut fur Radioastronomie (MPIfR) at Effelsberg. The monitoring program at the OVRO is supported by NASA award NNX08AW31G and NSF award AST-0808050.; This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This research has made use of data obtained from the High Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC), provided by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. NR 67 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 2 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 2009 VL 699 IS 2 BP 976 EP 984 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/699/2/976 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 463AU UT WOS:000267401500008 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Atwood, WB Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Battelino, M Baughman, BM Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Burnett, TH Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cognard, I Cohen-Tanugi, J Cominsky, LR Conrad, J Cutini, S Dermer, CD De Angelis, A De Palma, F Digel, SW Dormody, M Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Focke, WB Frailis, M Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giordano, F Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, RP Johnson, TJ Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kawai, N Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kocian, ML Komin, N Kuehn, F Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lee, SH Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Makeev, A Marelli, M Mazziotta, MN McConville, W McEnery, JE Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nolan, PL Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Pancrazi, B Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ritz, S Rochester, LS Rodriguez, AY Romani, RW Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sanchez, D Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Starck, JL Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Theureau, G Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Van Etten, A Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Watters, K Webb, N Wood, KS Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Atwood, W. B. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Battelino, M. Baughman, B. M. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. H. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cognard, I. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. R. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. Dermer, C. D. De Angelis, A. De Palma, F. Digel, S. W. Dormody, M. Do Couto E Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Focke, W. B. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, T. J. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kocian, M. L. Komin, N. Kuehn, F. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lee, S. -H. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Makeev, A. Marelli, M. Mazziotta, M. N. McConville, W. McEnery, J. E. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nolan, P. L. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Pancrazi, B. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Rochester, L. S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Romani, R. W. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Starck, J. -L. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Theureau, G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Van Etten, A. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Watters, K. Webb, N. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI PULSED GAMMA RAYS FROM THE MILLISECOND PULSAR J0030+0451 WITH THE FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays: observations; pulsars: general; pulsars: individual (PSR J0030+0451) ID DRIFT SCAN SEARCH; SPACE TELESCOPE; PSR J0218+4232; X-RAYS; EMISSION; CATALOG AB We report the discovery of gamma-ray pulsations from the nearby isolated millisecond pulsar (MSP) PSR J0030+0451 with the Large Area Telescope on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (formerly GLAST). This discovery makes PSR J0030+0451 the second MSP to be detected in gamma rays after PSR J0218+4232, observed by the EGRET instrument on the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory. The spin-down power (E) over dot = 3.5 x 10(33) erg s(-1) is an order of magnitude lower than the empirical lower bound of previously known gamma-ray pulsars. The emission profile is characterized by two narrow peaks, 0.07 +/- 0.01 and 0.08 +/- 0.02 wide, respectively, separated by 0.44 +/- 0.02 in phase. The first gamma-ray peak falls 0.15 +/- 0.01 after the main radio peak. The pulse shape is similar to that of the "normal" gamma-ray pulsars. An exponentially cutoff power-law fit of the emission spectrum leads to an integral photon flux above 100 MeV of (6.76 +/- 1.05 +/- 1.35) x 10(-8) cm(-2) s(-1) with cutoff energy (1.7 +/- 0.4 +/- 0.5) GeV. Based on its parallax distance of (300 +/- 90) pc, we obtain a gamma-ray efficiency L-gamma/E similar or equal to 15% for the conversion of spin-down energy rate into gamma-ray radiation, assuming isotropic emission. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; Do Couto E Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Lee, S. -H.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Van Etten, A.; Waite, A. P.; Watters, K.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; Do Couto E Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Lee, S. -H.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Van Etten, A.; Waite, A. P.; Watters, K.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Dormody, M.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Dormody, M.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Battelino, M.; Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmo Particle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Komin, N.; Starck, J. -L.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, CEA IRFU,LAB AIM, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sezi Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Battelino, M.; Conrad, J.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baughman, B. M.; Hughes, R. E.; Kuehn, F.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; De Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; De Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Giebels, B.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.; Marelli, M.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cognard, I.; Gehrels, N.; Theureau, G.] CNRS, LPCE, UMR 6115, Lab Phys & Chem Environm, F-45071 Orleans 02, France. [Cognard, I.; Gehrels, N.; Theureau, G.] CNRS INSU, Observ Paris, Stn Radioastron Nancay, F-18330 Nancy, France. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Guiriec, S.; Komin, N.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, Montpellier, France. [Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [De Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [De Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Grp Collegato Udine, Sez Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] CNRS IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Johnson, T. J.; McConville, W.; Ritz, S.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kataoka, J.; Kawai, N.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Kawai, N.] RIKEN, Cosm Radiat Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.; Pancrazi, B.; Vilchez, N.; Webb, N.] CNRS UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Moiseev, A. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEC CSIC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM guillemo@cenbg.in2p3.fr; kerrm@u.washington.edu; J.Johnson@nasa.gov RI Komin, Nukri/J-6781-2015; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Starck, Jean-Luc/D-9467-2011; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013 OI Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Berenji, Bijan/0000-0002-4551-772X; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Marelli, Martino/0000-0002-8017-0338; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Komin, Nukri/0000-0003-3280-0582; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Axelsson, Magnus/0000-0003-4378-8785; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; Starck, Jean-Luc/0000-0003-2177-7794; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT); High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; Swedish National Space Board in Sweden FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden.; Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase from the following agencies is also gratefully acknowledged: the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation in Sweden for providing a grant in support of a Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Research fellowship for J.C. NR 41 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 2009 VL 699 IS 2 BP 1171 EP 1177 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/699/2/1171 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 463AU UT WOS:000267401500026 ER PT J AU Shaposhnikov, N Titarchuk, L Laurent, P AF Shaposhnikov, Nikolai Titarchuk, Lev Laurent, Philippe TI DISCOVERY OF RED-SKEWED K-alpha IRON LINE IN Cyg X-2 WITH SUZAKU SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; stars: neutron; X-rays: individual (Cygnus X-2) ID X-RAY BINARIES; QUASI-PERIODIC OSCILLATIONS; ACCRETION DISKS; BLACK-HOLES; MASS; EMISSION; SPECTRA; FLUORESCENCE; CYGNUS-X-2; REFLECTION AB We report on the Suzaku observation of neutron star (NS) low-mass X-ray binary Cygnus X-2 which reveals a presence of the iron K-alpha emission line. The line profile shows a significant red wing. This discovery increases the number of NS sources where red-skewed iron lines were observed and strongly suggests that this phenomenon is common not only in black holes but also in other types of accreting compact objects. We examine the line profile in terms of models which attribute its production to the relativistic effects due to reflection of X-ray radiation from a cold accretion disk and also as a result of the line formation in the extended wind/outflow configuration. Both models are able to adequately represent the observed line profile. We consider the results of line modeling in the context of subsecond variability. While we were unable to conclusively disqualify one of the models, we find that the wind paradigm has several advantages over the relativistic disk reflection model. C1 [Shaposhnikov, Nikolai] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Shaposhnikov, Nikolai] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Titarchuk, Lev] George Mason Univ, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Titarchuk, Lev] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Laurent, Philippe] CEA Saclay, CEA DSM DAPNIA SAp, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Laurent, Philippe] Lab APC, F-75205 Paris 13, France. RP Shaposhnikov, N (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM nikolai@milkyway.gsfc.nasa.gov; Lev.Titarchuk@nrl.navy.mil; plaurent@cea.fr RI laurent, philippe/E-6211-2013; XRAY, SUZAKU/A-1808-2009 NR 30 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 2009 VL 699 IS 2 BP 1223 EP 1228 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/699/2/1223 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 463AU UT WOS:000267401500030 ER PT J AU Godon, P Sion, EM Barrett, PE Linnell, AP AF Godon, Patrick Sion, Edward M. Barrett, Paul E. Linnell, Albert P. TI THE WHITE DWARF IN EM CYGNI: BEYOND THE VEIL SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; novae, cataclysmic variables; stars: individual (EM Cyg); ultraviolet: stars; white dwarfs ID ULTRAVIOLET-SPECTROSCOPIC-EXPLORER; RESONANCE-ABSORPTION LINES; CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES; ACCRETION DISK; SEMIDETACHED BINARIES; WAVELENGTHS LONGWARD; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; RAPID OSCILLATIONS; PERIOD CHANGES; GAS-DYNAMICS AB We present a spectral analysis of the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) spectra of the eclipsing double-line spectroscopic binary EM Cygni (EM Cyg), a Z Cam DN system. The FUSE spectrum, obtained in quiescence, consists of four individual exposures (orbits): two exposures, at orbital phases phi similar to 0.65 and phi similar to 0.90, have a lower flux; and two exposures, at orbital phases phi = 0.15 and 0.45, have a relatively higher flux. The change of flux level as a function of the orbital phase is consistent with the stream material (flowing over and below the disk from the hot spot region to smaller radii) partially masking the white dwarf. We carry out a spectral analysis of the FUSE data, obtained at phase 0.45 (when the flux is maximal), using synthetic spectra generated with the codes TLUSTY and SYNSPEC. Using a single white dwarf spectral component, we obtain a white dwarf temperature of 40,000 K +/- 1000 K, rotating at 100 km s(-1). The white dwarf, or conceivably, the material overflowing the disk rim, shows suprasolar abundances of silicon, sulphur, and possibly nitrogen. Using a white dwarf+disk composite model, we obtain that the white dwarf temperature could be even as high as 50,000 K, contributing more than 90% of the FUV flux, and the disk contributing less than 10% must have a mass accretion rate reaching 10(-10) M(circle dot) yr(-1). The single white dwarf model fits the absorption lines better than the white dwarf+disk model, but the white dwarf+disk model fits better the continuum in the shorter wavelengths. In both cases, however, we obtain that the white dwarf temperature is much higher than previously estimated. We emphasize the importance of modeling the spectra of EM Cyg around phase phi < 0.5, when the white dwarf and disk are facing the observer, and we suggest that the discrepancy between the present analysis and previous spectral analysis might be due to the occulting effect of the stream veiling the white dwarf and disk. C1 [Godon, Patrick; Sion, Edward M.] Villanova Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. [Barrett, Paul E.] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. [Linnell, Albert P.] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Godon, P (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM patrick.godon@villanova.edu; edward.sion@villanova.edu; barrett.paul@usno.navy.mil; linnell@astro.washington.edu FU Johns Hopkins University [NAS5-32985]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NNX08AJ39G]; Office of Astrophysics Data Analysis Program (ADP) FX PG thank Steve (Stephen) Lubow for some interesting discussions on the stream-disk interaction, and Mario Livio for his kind hospitality at the Space Telescope Science Institute, where part of this work was carried out. We wish to thank an anonymous referee for her/his very prompt report and constructive criticism. We are thankful to the members of the American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO) for providing public online optical archival data on EM Cyg. This research was based on observations made with the NASA-CNES-CSA Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer. FUSE is operated for NASA by the Johns Hopkins University under NASA contract NAS5-32985. Support for this work was provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) under Grant number NNX08AJ39G issued through the Office of Astrophysics Data Analysis Program (ADP) to Villanova University (P. Godon). NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 2009 VL 699 IS 2 BP 1229 EP 1241 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/699/2/1229 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 463AU UT WOS:000267401500031 ER PT J AU Dallacasa, D Brunetti, G Giacintucci, S Cassano, R Venturi, T Macario, G Kassim, NE Lane, W Setti, G AF Dallacasa, D. Brunetti, G. Giacintucci, S. Cassano, R. Venturi, T. Macario, G. Kassim, N. E. Lane, W. Setti, G. TI DEEP 1.4 GHz FOLLOW-UP OF THE STEEP SPECTRUM RADIO HALO IN A521 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; galaxies: clusters: individual (A521); radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; radio continuum: general ID COSMIC-RAY PROTONS; GALAXY CLUSTERS; ALFVENIC REACCELERATION; PARTICLE REACCELERATION; RELATIVISTIC-PARTICLES; COMA CLUSTER; GAMMA-RAY; EMISSION; ELECTRONS; ORIGIN AB In a recent paper, we reported on the discovery of a radio halo with very steep spectrum in the merging galaxy cluster A521 through observations with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope. We showed that the steep spectrum of the halo is inconsistent with a secondary origin of the relativistic electrons and supports a turbulent acceleration scenario. At that time, due to the steep spectrum, the available observations at 1.4 GHz (archival NRAO-Very Large Array-VLA-CnB-configuration data) were not adequate to accurately determine the flux density associated with the radio halo. In this paper, we report the detection at 1.4 GHz of the radio halo in A521 using deep VLA observations in the D configuration. We use these new data to confirm the steep spectrum of the object. We consider A521 the prototype of a population of very steep spectrum halos. This population is predicted assuming that turbulence plays an important role in the acceleration of relativistic particles in galaxy clusters, and we expect it will be unveiled by future surveys at low frequencies with the LOFAR and LWA radio telescopes. C1 [Dallacasa, D.; Macario, G.; Setti, G.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Brunetti, G.; Cassano, R.; Venturi, T.; Macario, G.; Setti, G.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Giacintucci, S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kassim, N. E.; Lane, W.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Dallacasa, D (reprint author), Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, Via Ranzani 1, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. OI Cassano, Rossella/0000-0003-4046-0637; Venturi, Tiziana/0000-0002-8476-6307; Brunetti, Gianfranco/0000-0003-4195-8613 FU INAF [PRIN-INAF2007]; ASI [ASI-INAF I/088/06/0] FX This work is partially supported by INAF under grant PRIN-INAF2007 and by ASI under grant ASI-INAF I/088/06/0. Basic research in radio astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by 6.1 base funds. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. The GMRT is run by the National Centre for Radio Astrophysics of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research. NR 36 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 2009 VL 699 IS 2 BP 1288 EP 1292 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/699/2/1288 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 463AU UT WOS:000267401500037 ER PT J AU Jacoby, BA Bailes, M Ord, SM Edwards, RT Kulkarni, SR AF Jacoby, B. A. Bailes, M. Ord, S. M. Edwards, R. T. Kulkarni, S. R. TI A LARGE-AREA SURVEY FOR RADIO PULSARS AT HIGH GALACTIC LATITUDES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE pulsars: general; stars: neutron; surveys ID DATA-ANALYSIS SYSTEMS; MILLISECOND PULSAR; RECYCLED PULSARS; DISCOVERY AB We have completed a survey for pulsars at high Galactic latitudes with the 64 m Parkes radio telescope. Observing with the 13 beam multibeam receiver at a frequency of 1374 MHz, we covered similar to 4150 square degrees in the region -100 degrees <= l <= 50 degrees, 15 degrees, <= vertical bar b vertical bar <= 30 degrees with 7232 pointings of 265 s each, thus extending the Swinburne Intermediate Latitude Pulsar Survey a further 15 degrees on either side of the Galactic plane. The signal from each beam was processed by a 96 channel x 3 MHz x 2 polarization filterbank, with the detected power in the two polarizations of each frequency channel summed and digitized with 1 bit sampling every 125 mu s, giving good sensitivity to millisecond pulsars with low or moderate dispersion measure. The resulting 2.4 TB data set was processed using standard pulsar search techniques with the workstation cluster at the Swinburne Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing. This survey resulted in the discovery of 26 new pulsars including seven binary and/or millisecond pulsars, and redetected 36 previously known pulsars. We describe the survey methodology and results, and present timing solutions for the 19 newly discovered slow pulsars, as well as for nine slow pulsars discovered the Swinburne Intermediate Latitude Pulsar Survey that had no previous timing solutions. Even with a small sampling interval, 1374 MHz center frequency, and a large mid-latitude survey volume we failed to detect any very rapidly spinning pulsars. Evidently, such "submillisecond" pulsars are rare. C1 [Jacoby, B. A.; Kulkarni, S. R.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Jacoby, B. A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bailes, M.; Ord, S. M.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 31122, Australia. [Ord, S. M.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Edwards, R. T.] Australia Telescope Natl Facil, CSIRO, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. RP Jacoby, BA (reprint author), CALTECH, Dept Astron, MS 249-17, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM baj@astro.caltech.edu; mbailes@swin.edu.au; ord@physics.usyd.edu.au; Russell.Edwards@csiro.au; srk@astro.caltech.edu RI Ord, Stephen/C-6138-2013 FU Commonwealth of Australia for operation as a National Facility managed by CSIRO; NSF; NASA; National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL); Office of Naval Research FX We thank H. Knight, A. Hotan, and W. van Straten for help with survey observations, and the Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey collaboration for making the data acquisition hardware and software used for this survey available to the community. The Parkes telescope is part of the Australia Telescope, which is funded by the Commonwealth of Australia for operation as a National Facility managed by CSIRO. B.A.J. and S. R. K. thank NSF and NASA for supporting their research. B.A.J. held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) during part of this work. Basic research in radio astronomy at NRL is supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 25 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 2009 VL 699 IS 2 BP 2009 EP 2016 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/699/2/2009 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 463AU UT WOS:000267401500096 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Atwood, WB Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Baughman, BM Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bouvier, A Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Burnett, TH Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Camilo, F Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Celik, O Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cognard, I Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Dermer, CD de Angelis, A de Palma, F Digel, SW Dormody, M Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Edmonds, Y Espinoza, C Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Focke, WB Frailis, M Freire, PCC Fukazawa, Y Fusco, P Gargano, F Gehrels, N Germani, S Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giordano, F Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Hobbs, G Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, RP Johnson, TJ Johnson, WN Johnston, S Kamae, T Kaspi, VM Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kawai, N Keith, M Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kramer, M Kuehn, F Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Livingstone, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Lyne, AG Makeev, A Manchester, RN Marelli, M Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nolan, PL Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Pierbattista, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Ransom, SM Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ritz, S Rochester, LS Rodriguez, AY Romani, RW Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sanchez, D Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Stappers, BW Striani, E Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Theureau, G Thompson, DJ Thorsett, SE Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Van Etten, A Vasileiou, V Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wang, P Watters, K Weltevrede, P Winer, BL Wood, KS Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Atwood, W. B. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. M. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bouvier, A. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. H. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Camilo, F. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cognard, I. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Dermer, C. D. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. Dormody, M. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Edmonds, Y. Espinoza, C. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Focke, W. B. Frailis, M. Freire, P. C. C. Fukazawa, Y. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hobbs, G. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, T. J. Johnson, W. N. Johnston, S. Kamae, T. Kaspi, V. M. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kawai, N. Keith, M. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kramer, M. Kuehn, F. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Livingstone, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Lyne, A. G. Makeev, A. Manchester, R. N. Marelli, M. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nolan, P. L. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pierbattista, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Ransom, S. M. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Rochester, L. S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Romani, R. W. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Stappers, B. W. Striani, E. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Theureau, G. Thompson, D. J. Thorsett, S. E. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Van Etten, A. Vasileiou, V. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wang, P. Watters, K. Weltevrede, P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. TI DISCOVERY OF PULSATIONS FROM THE PULSAR J0205+6449 IN SNR 3C 58 WITH THE FERMI GAMMA-RAY SPACE TELESCOPE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE pulsars: general; stars: neutron ID SUPERNOVA REMNANT 3C-58; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; X-RAY; NOVA REMNANTS; LIGHT CURVES; EGRET DATA; WIND TORI; EMISSION; GALAXY; MODEL AB We report the discovery of gamma-ray pulsations (>= 0.1 GeV) from the young radio and X-ray pulsar PSR J0205 + 6449 located in the Galactic supernova remnant 3C 58. Data in the gamma-ray band were acquired by the Large Area Telescope aboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (formerly GLAST), while the radio rotational ephemeris used to fold gamma-rays was obtained using both the Green Bank Telescope and the Lovell telescope at Jodrell Bank. The light curve consists of two peaks separated by 0.49 +/- 0.01 +/- 0.01 cycles which are aligned with the X-ray peaks. The first gamma-ray peak trails the radio pulse by 0.08 +/- 0.01 +/- 0.01, while its amplitude decreases with increasing energy as for the other gamma-ray pulsars. Spectral analysis of the pulsed gamma-ray emission suggests a simple power law of index -2.1 +/- 0.1 +/- 0.2 with an exponential cutoff at 3.0(-0.7)(+1.1) +/- 0.4 GeV. The first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The integral gamma-ray photon flux above 0.1 GeV is (13.7 +/- 1.4 +/- 3.0) x 10(-8) cm(-2) s(-1), which implies for a distance of 3.2 kpc and assuming a broad fan-like beam a luminosity of 8.3 x 10(34) erg s(-1) and an efficiency eta of 0.3%. Finally, we report a 95% upper limit on the flux of 1.7 x 10(-8) cm(-2) s(-1) for off-pulse emission from the object. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Edmonds, Y.; Focke, W. B.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Van Etten, A.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.; Watters, K.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Cameron, R. A.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Edmonds, Y.; Focke, W. B.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Van Etten, A.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.; Watters, K.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Dormody, M.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Thorsett, S. E.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Dormody, M.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Thorsett, S. E.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Axelsson, M.; Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmo Particle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Pierbattista, M.] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, CEA Saclay, IRFU,CNRS,CEA,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Baughman, B. M.; Hughes, R. E.; Kuehn, F.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Giebels, B.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Camilo, F.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.; Marelli, M.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Celik, Oe; Cheung, C. C.; Gehrels, N.; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; Johnson, T. J.; McEnery, J. E.; Ritz, S.; Thompson, D. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cognard, I.; Theureau, G.] CNRS, LPCE, UMR 6115, Lab Phys & Chem Environm, F-45071 Orleans 02, France. [Cognard, I.; Theureau, G.] Observ Paris, CNRS, INSU, Stn Radioastron Nancay, F-18330 Nancay, France. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Grp Coll Udine, Sez Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Espinoza, C.; Kramer, M.; Lyne, A. G.; Stappers, B. W.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Freire, P. C. C.] Arecibo Observ, Arecibo, PR 00612 USA. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.; Johnson, T. J.; Moiseev, A. A.; Ritz, S.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Hobbs, G.; Johnston, S.; Keith, M.; Manchester, R. N.; Weltevrede, P.] CSIRO, Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Kaspi, V. M.; Livingstone, M.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698050, Japan. [Kawai, N.] RIKEN, Cosm Radiat Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Kawai, N.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] UPS, CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Moiseev, A. A.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Morselli, A.; Striani, E.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Ransom, S. M.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEC CSIC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Striani, E.; Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Vasileiou, V.; Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM parent@cenbg.in2p3.fr RI Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; OI De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Axelsson, Magnus/0000-0003-4378-8785; Ransom, Scott/0000-0001-5799-9714; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Marelli, Martino/0000-0002-8017-0338; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; Thorsett, Stephen/0000-0002-2025-9613; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864 FU NASA; DOE in the United States; CEA/Irfu; IN2P3/CNRS in France; ASI; INFN in Italy; MEXT; K; JAXA in Japan; K.A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; National Space Board in Sweden FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges support from a number of agencies and institutes for both development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include NASA and DOE in the United States, CEA/Irfu and IN2P3/CNRS in France, ASI and INFN in Italy, MEXT, KEK, and JAXA in Japan, and the K.A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the National Space Board in Sweden.; Additional support from INAF in Italy for science analysis during the operations phase is also gratefully acknowledged. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase from the following agencies is also gratefully acknowledged: the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation in Sweden for providing a grant in support of a Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Research fellowship for J. C.; The Green Bank Telescope is operated by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory, a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.; The Lovell Telescope is owned and operated by the University of Manchester as part of the Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics with support from the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom. NR 42 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD JUL 10 PY 2009 VL 699 IS 2 BP L102 EP L107 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/699/2/L102 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 462RG UT WOS:000267372800011 ER PT J AU Garten, RJ Davis, CT Russell, CA Shu, B Lindstrom, S Balish, A Sessions, WM Xu, XY Skepner, E Deyde, V Okomo-Adhiambo, M Gubareva, L Barnes, J Smith, CB Emery, SL Hillman, MJ Rivailler, P Smagala, J de Graaf, M Burke, DF Fouchier, RAM Pappas, C Alpuche-Aranda, CM Lopez-Gatell, H Olivera, H Lopez, I Myers, CA Faix, D Blair, PJ Yu, C Keene, KM Dotson, PD Boxrud, D Sambol, AR Abid, SH George, KS Bannerman, T Moore, AL Stringer, DJ Blevins, P Demmler-Harrison, GJ Ginsberg, M Kriner, P Waterman, S Smole, S Guevara, HF Belongia, EA Clark, PA Beatrice, ST Donis, R Katz, J Finelli, L Bridges, CB Shaw, M Jernigan, DB Uyeki, TM Smith, DJ Klimov, AI Cox, NJ AF Garten, Rebecca J. Davis, C. Todd Russell, Colin A. Shu, Bo Lindstrom, Stephen Balish, Amanda Sessions, Wendy M. Xu, Xiyan Skepner, Eugene Deyde, Varough Okomo-Adhiambo, Margaret Gubareva, Larisa Barnes, John Smith, Catherine B. Emery, Shannon L. Hillman, Michael J. Rivailler, Pierre Smagala, James de Graaf, Miranda Burke, David F. Fouchier, Ron A. M. Pappas, Claudia Alpuche-Aranda, Celia M. Lopez-Gatell, Hugo Olivera, Hiram Lopez, Irma Myers, Christopher A. Faix, Dennis Blair, Patrick J. Yu, Cindy Keene, Kimberly M. Dotson, P. David, Jr. Boxrud, David Sambol, Anthony R. Abid, Syed H. George, Kirsten St. Bannerman, Tammy Moore, Amanda L. Stringer, David J. Blevins, Patricia Demmler-Harrison, Gail J. Ginsberg, Michele Kriner, Paula Waterman, Steve Smole, Sandra Guevara, Hugo F. Belongia, Edward A. Clark, Patricia A. Beatrice, Sara T. Donis, Ruben Katz, Jacqueline Finelli, Lyn Bridges, Carolyn B. Shaw, Michael Jernigan, Daniel B. Uyeki, Timothy M. Smith, Derek J. Klimov, Alexander I. Cox, Nancy J. TI Antigenic and Genetic Characteristics of Swine-Origin 2009 A(H1N1) Influenza Viruses Circulating in Humans SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID A VIRUS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; UNITED-STATES; NORTH-AMERICA; EVOLUTION; PIGS; PATHOGENICITY; TRANSMISSION; EMERGENCE; INFECTION AB Since its identification in April 2009, an A(H1N1) virus containing a unique combination of gene segments from both North American and Eurasian swine lineages has continued to circulate in humans. The lack of similarity between the 2009 A(H1N1) virus and its nearest relatives indicates that its gene segments have been circulating undetected for an extended period. Its low genetic diversity suggests that the introduction into humans was a single event or multiple events of similar viruses. Molecular markers predictive of adaptation to humans are not currently present in 2009 A(H1N1) viruses, suggesting that previously unrecognized molecular determinants could be responsible for the transmission among humans. Antigenically the viruses are homogeneous and similar to North American swine A(H1N1) viruses but distinct from seasonal human A(H1N1). C1 [Russell, Colin A.; Skepner, Eugene; de Graaf, Miranda; Burke, David F.; Smith, Derek J.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England. [Garten, Rebecca J.; Davis, C. Todd; Shu, Bo; Lindstrom, Stephen; Balish, Amanda; Sessions, Wendy M.; Xu, Xiyan; Skepner, Eugene; Deyde, Varough; Okomo-Adhiambo, Margaret; Gubareva, Larisa; Barnes, John; Smith, Catherine B.; Emery, Shannon L.; Hillman, Michael J.; Rivailler, Pierre; Smagala, James; Pappas, Claudia; Guevara, Hugo F.; Belongia, Edward A.; Clark, Patricia A.; Beatrice, Sara T.; Donis, Ruben; Katz, Jacqueline; Finelli, Lyn; Bridges, Carolyn B.; Shaw, Michael; Jernigan, Daniel B.; Uyeki, Timothy M.; Klimov, Alexander I.; Cox, Nancy J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, WHO, Collaborating Ctr Influenza, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Russell, Colin A.; Smith, Derek J.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [de Graaf, Miranda; Fouchier, Ron A. M.; Smith, Derek J.] Erasmus MC, Dept Virol, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Alpuche-Aranda, Celia M.; Lopez-Gatell, Hugo; Olivera, Hiram; Lopez, Irma] InDRE Prolongac Carpio, Mexico City 11340, DF, Mexico. [Myers, Christopher A.; Faix, Dennis; Blair, Patrick J.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Yu, Cindy] Arizona State Publ Hlth Lab, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [Keene, Kimberly M.] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO 80230 USA. [Dotson, P. David, Jr.] Indiana State Dept Hlth Labs, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Boxrud, David] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Publ Hlth Lab, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. [Sambol, Anthony R.] Nebraska Publ Hlth Lab, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. [Abid, Syed H.] Westchester Cty Dept Labs & Res Publ Hlth Labs, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. [George, Kirsten St.] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Slingerlands, NY USA. [Bannerman, Tammy] Ohio Dept Hlth Lab, Reynoldsburg, OH USA. [Moore, Amanda L.] S Carolina Dept Hlth & Environm Control, Columbia, SC 29223 USA. [Stringer, David J.] Dallas Cty Hlth & Human Serv, Dallas, TX 75207 USA. [Blevins, Patricia] San Antonio Metro Hlth Dist, Brooks City Base, TX 78235 USA. [Demmler-Harrison, Gail J.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Diagnost Virol Lab, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Ginsberg, Michele] San Diego Publ Hlth Lab, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Kriner, Paula] Imperial Cty Publ Hlth Dept, El Centro, CA 92243 USA. [Waterman, Steve] CDC, Border Infect Dis Surveillance Project, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Smole, Sandra] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, William A Hinton State Lab Inst, Jamaica Plain, MA 02130 USA. [Guevara, Hugo F.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Lab, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. [Belongia, Edward A.] Marshfield Clin Fdn Med Res & Educ, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [Clark, Patricia A.] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Lansing, MI 48906 USA. [Beatrice, Sara T.] NYU, Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Publ Hlth Lab, New York, NY 10016 USA. RP Smith, DJ (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England. EM dsmith@zoo.cam.ac.uk; njc1@cdc.gov RI Bannerman, Tammy/E-2694-2011; burke, david/C-2091-2013; Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; Fouchier, Ron/A-1911-2014; OI Fouchier, Ron/0000-0001-8095-2869; burke, david/0000-0001-8830-3951; Russell, Colin/0000-0002-2113-162X FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [HHSN266200700010C]; International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Associations [RG51953]; Research Fellowship from Clare College, Cambridge; NIH [DP1-OD000490-01]; European Union [223498 EMPERIE]; Human Frontier Science Program [RG P0050/2008] FX We thank the many individuals at the local, state, and national levels for their enormous contributions to the surveillance of the 2009 A(H1N1) virus; the entire CDC Influenza Division staff and emergency staff; the maintainers of the GISAID EpiFluDB and NCBI GenBank/IVR, and the members of the WHO Global Influenza Surveillance Network. The findings and conclusions of this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. R.A.M.F. was supported by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases under NIH contract HHSN266200700010C. E.S. was supported in part by the International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Associations through grant RG51953. C.A.R. was supported in part by a Research Fellowship from Clare College, Cambridge. D.J.S., C.A.R., E.S., and D.F.B. were supported by an NIH Directors Pioneer Award, part of the NIH roadmap for medical research, through grant DP1-OD000490-01, an FP7 grant, 223498 EMPERIE, from the European Union, and program grant RG P0050/2008 from the Human Frontier Science Program. GenBank accession numbers are listed in the Supporting Online Material NR 38 TC 1369 Z9 1477 U1 17 U2 215 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 10 PY 2009 VL 325 IS 5937 BP 197 EP 201 DI 10.1126/science.1176225 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 468FK UT WOS:000267802000046 PM 19465683 ER PT J AU Horovitz, SG Braun, AR Carr, WS Picchioni, D Balkin, TJ Fukunaga, M Duyn, JH AF Horovitz, Silvina G. Braun, Allen R. Carr, Walter S. Picchioni, Dante Balkin, Thomas J. Fukunaga, Masaki Duyn, Jeff H. TI Decoupling of the brain's default mode network during deep sleep SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE EEG; fMRI; resting state; connectivity; consciousness ID RESTING HUMAN BRAIN; CAT VISUAL-CORTEX; FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY; BOLD SIGNAL; SPONTANEOUS FLUCTUATIONS; COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE; STATE; CONSCIOUSNESS; FMRI; ARCHITECTURE AB The recent discovery of a circuit of brain regions that is highly active in the absence of overt behavior has led to a quest for revealing the possible function of this so-called default-mode network (DMN). A very recent study, finding similarities in awake humans and anesthetized primates, has suggested that DMN activity might not simply reflect ongoing conscious mentation but rather a more general form of network dynamics typical of complex systems. Here, by performing functional MRI in humans, it is shown that a natural, sleep-induced reduction of consciousness is reflected in altered correlation between DMN network components, most notably a reduced involvement of frontal cortex. This suggests that DMN may play an important role in the sustenance of conscious awareness. C1 [Horovitz, Silvina G.] Natl Inst Neurol Disorders & Stroke, Human Motor Control Sect, Med Neurol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Horovitz, Silvina G.; Fukunaga, Masaki; Duyn, Jeff H.] Natl Inst Neurol Disorders & Stroke, Adv MRI, Lab Funct & Mol Imaging, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Braun, Allen R.] Natl Inst Deafness & Other Commun Disorders, Language Sect, Voice Speech & Language Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Carr, Walter S.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Picchioni, Dante; Balkin, Thomas J.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Horovitz, SG (reprint author), Natl Inst Neurol Disorders & Stroke, Human Motor Control Sect, Med Neurol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM silvina.horovitz@nih.gov RI Duyn, Jozef/F-2483-2010; Sanguansri, Luz/B-6630-2011; Fukunaga, Masaki/F-6441-2013 OI Sanguansri, Luz/0000-0003-1908-7604; Fukunaga, Masaki/0000-0003-1010-2644 FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 47 TC 248 Z9 253 U1 10 U2 31 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 7 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 27 BP 11376 EP 11381 DI 10.1073/pnas.0901435106 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 468DX UT WOS:000267796100091 PM 19549821 ER PT J AU Xiao, B Avrutin, V Liu, HR Rowe, E Leach, J Gu, X Ozgur, U Morkoc, H Chang, W Alldredge, LMB Kirchoefer, SW Pond, JM AF Xiao, Bo Avrutin, Vitaliy Liu, Hongrui Rowe, Emmanuel Leach, Jacob Gu, Xing Oezguer, Uemit Morkoc, Hadis Chang, W. Alldredge, L. M. B. Kirchoefer, S. W. Pond, J. M. TI Effect of large strain on dielectric and ferroelectric properties of Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 thin films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MICROWAVE PROPERTIES; STRESS AB BaxSr1-xTiO3 is ideally suited as a tunable medium for radio frequency passive component. In this context we have studied the effect of biaxial strain on the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 thin films grown epitaxially on SrTiO3 (001) substrates. The lattice parameters of the films determined by high-resolution x-ray diffraction with the thickness varying from 160 to 1000 nm indicated large biaxial compressive strain which decreased from 2.54% to 1.14% with increasing film thickness. Temperature-dependent measurements of the dielectric constant in our strained Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 thin films revealed a significant increase in the Curie temperature as the film thickness is below 500 nm. Enhanced ferroelectric behavior was observed for highly strained films with a remanent polarization of 15 mu C/cm(2) in the 160-nm-thick layer. However, the thick films (>= 500 nm) exhibited weak temperature dependence of the dielectric constant without any pronounced peak corresponding to the Curie temperature, which may suggest inhomogeneous strain distribution in the thick films. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3151961] C1 [Xiao, Bo; Avrutin, Vitaliy; Liu, Hongrui; Rowe, Emmanuel; Leach, Jacob; Gu, Xing; Oezguer, Uemit; Morkoc, Hadis] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Chang, W.; Alldredge, L. M. B.; Kirchoefer, S. W.; Pond, J. M.] USN, Res Lab Washington, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Xiao, B (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. EM xiaob@vcu.edu FU Office of Naval Research FX This work is supported by a grant from the Office of Naval Research with Dr. Ingham Mack being the program manager. NR 17 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 6 PY 2009 VL 95 IS 1 AR 012907 DI 10.1063/1.3151961 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 470NV UT WOS:000267983200062 ER PT J AU Shin, JC Mawst, LJ Botez, D Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR AF Shin, J. C. Mawst, L. J. Botez, D. Vurgaftman, I. Meyer, J. R. TI Ultra-low temperature sensitive deep-well quantum cascade lasers (lambda=4.8 mu m) via uptapering conduction band edge of injector regions SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB A new design feature for deep-well quantum cascade (QC) lasers, in which the conduction band edge of the injector region is uptapered, results in virtual suppression of carrier leakage out of the active regions of 4.8 mu m emitting devices. For heatsink temperatures in the 20-90 degrees C range the characteristic temperature coefficients for threshold, T(0), and slope efficiency, T(1), reach values as high as 278 and 285 K, respectively, which are nearly twice the values for conventional QC lasers. At 20 degrees C, the threshold current density for uncoated, 30 period, 3 mm-long devices is only similar to 1.8 kA/cm(2). C1 [Shin, J. C.; Mawst, L. J.; Botez, D.] Univ Wisconsin, ECE Dept, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Vurgaftman, I.; Meyer, J. R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Shin, JC (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, ECE Dept, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM botez@engr.wisc.edu NR 6 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD JUL 2 PY 2009 VL 45 IS 14 BP 741 EP 742 DI 10.1049/el.2009.1393 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 470TW UT WOS:000268004600019 ER PT J AU Thompson, PE Jernigan, GG Park, SY Yu, R Anisha, R Berger, PR Pawlik, D Krom, R Rommel, SL AF Thompson, P. E. Jernigan, G. G. Park, S. -Y. Yu, R. Anisha, R. Berger, P. R. Pawlik, D. Krom, R. Rommel, S. L. TI P and B doped Si resonant interband tunnel diodes with as-grown negative differential resistance SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; SURFACE SEGREGATION; TEMPERATURE; SI(100); RATIO AB Robust Si resonant interband tunnel diodes have been designed and tested that demonstrate as-grown negative differential resistance at room temperature with peak-to-valley current ratios (PVCR) up to 2.5 and peak current densities in the order of 1 kA/cm(2). The as-grown Si p(+) in(+) structures were synthesised using solid source molecular beam epitaxy, incorporating B and P delta-doped layers. Both structures have shown thermal stability after 1 min post-growth anneals up through 675 degrees C and the PVCR improves to 2.8 for a 575 degrees C 1 min anneal. C1 [Thompson, P. E.; Jernigan, G. G.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Park, S. -Y.; Yu, R.; Anisha, R.; Berger, P. R.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Pawlik, D.; Krom, R.; Rommel, S. L.] Rochester Inst Technol, Microelect Engn Dept, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Berger, P. R.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Thompson, PE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6812, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM phillip.thompson@nrl.navy.mil RI Rommel, Sean/F-9654-2013; Berger, Paul/I-4063-2014 OI Rommel, Sean/0000-0001-5996-0813; Berger, Paul/0000-0002-2656-2349 FU National Science Foundation; Office of Naval Research FX The work done at the Ohio State University and the Rochester Institute of Technology was supported by the National Science Foundation. The work performed at the Naval Research Laboratory was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD JUL 2 PY 2009 VL 45 IS 14 BP 759 EP 760 DI 10.1049/el.2009.1007 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 470TW UT WOS:000268004600031 ER PT J AU Chesney, TM AF Chesney, Thomas McC. TI 'Island of Shame': An Exchange on Diego Garcia SO NEW YORK REVIEW OF BOOKS LA English DT Letter C1 [Chesney, Thomas McC.] USN Reserve, LCDR MC, Memphis, TN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK REVIEW PI NEW YORK PA 1755 BROADWAY, 5TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 0028-7504 J9 NEW YORK REV BOOKS JI N. Y. Rev. Books PD JUL 2 PY 2009 VL 56 IS 11 BP 56 EP 56 PG 1 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA 457DW UT WOS:000266908500031 ER PT J AU Talwalkar, JA Yin, M Venkatesh, S Rossman, PJ Grimm, RC Manduca, A Romano, A Kamath, PS Ehman, RL AF Talwalkar, Jayant A. Yin, Meng Venkatesh, Sudhakar Rossman, Phillip J. Grimm, Roger C. Manduca, Armando Romano, Anthony Kamath, Patrick S. Ehman, Richard L. TI Feasibility of In Vivo MR Elastographic Splenic Stiffness Measurements in the Assessment of Portal Hypertension SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article DE esophageal varices; liver fibrosis; MR elastography; portal hypertension; spleen stiffness ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE ELASTOGRAPHY; VENOUS-PRESSURE GRADIENT; TRANSIENT ELASTOGRAPHY; ESOPHAGEAL-VARICES; LIVER-CIRRHOSIS; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; SPLEEN ENLARGEMENT; HEPATIC-FIBROSIS; DIAGNOSIS; HEMODYNAMICS AB OBJECTIVE. Liver stiffness is associated with portal hypertension in patients with chronic liver disease. However, the relation between spleen stiffness and clinically significant portal hypertension remains unknown. The purposes of this study were to determine the feasibility of measuring spleen stiffness with MR elastography and to prospectively test the technique in healthy volunteers and in patients with compensated liver disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Spleen stiffness was measured with MR elastography in 12 healthy volunteers ( mean age, 37 years; range, 25-82 years) and 38 patients ( mean age, 56 years; range, 36-60 years) with chronic liver disease of various causes. For patients with liver disease, laboratory findings, spleen size, presence and size of esophageal varices, and liver histologic results were recorded. Statistical analyses were performed to assess all measurements. RESULTS. MR elastography of the spleen was successfully performed on all volunteers and patients. The mean spleen stiffness was significantly lower in the volunteers (mean, 3.6 +/- 0.3 kPa) than in the patients with liver fibrosis (mean, 5.6 +/- 5.0 kPa; range, 2.7-9.2 kPa; p < 0.001). In addition, a significant correlation was observed between liver stiffness and spleen stiffness for the entire cohort (r(2) = 0.75; p < 0.001). Predictors of spleen stiffness were splenomegaly, spleen volume, and platelet count. A mean spleen stiffness of 10.5 kPa or greater was identified in all patients with esophageal varices. CONCLUSION. MR elastography of the spleen is feasible and shows promise as a quantitative method for predicting the presence of esophageal varices in patients with advanced hepatic fibrosis. C1 [Yin, Meng; Venkatesh, Sudhakar; Rossman, Phillip J.; Grimm, Roger C.; Manduca, Armando; Ehman, Richard L.] Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, Ctr Adv Imaging Res, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Talwalkar, Jayant A.; Kamath, Patrick S.] Mayo Clin, Miles & Shirley Fiterman Ctr Digest Dis, Dept Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Adv Liver Dis Study Grp, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Romano, Anthony] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Ehman, RL (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, Ctr Adv Imaging Res, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. OI Yin, Meng/0000-0001-6778-192X FU National Institutes of Health [RR024151, EB01981] FX This study was supported by the National Institutes of Health grants RR024151 (J.A. Talwalkar) and EB01981 (R.L. Ehman). NR 36 TC 90 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X EI 1546-3141 J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 193 IS 1 BP 122 EP 127 DI 10.2214/AJR.07.3504 PG 6 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 460XS UT WOS:000267226600015 PM 19542403 ER PT J AU Sciarretta, KH McKenna, MJ Riccio, AI AF Sciarretta, Kathryn H. McKenna, Matthew J. Riccio, Anthony I. TI Orthopaedic Injuries Associated With Skimboarding SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE skimboarding; fracture; injury pattern; injury prevention ID SURFING INJURIES AB Background: Skimboarding is a beachside water sport that is enjoying increasing popularity among both dedicated enthusiasts and casual beachgoers. Although many consider this sport to be similar to its "sister" sport, surfing, the technique, the environment in which it is performed, and the skills required differ dramatically from that of surfing. Moreover, the pattern of injuries seen in skimboarders differs substantially from those sustained while surfing. Hypothesis: A better understanding of the injuries encountered in this sport will allow improved participant education and facilitate the implementation of preventative measures. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: A case series was generated by performing a single retrospective chart review of skimboarding injuries referred for orthopaedic evaluation over a 2-year period at 2 medical treatment facilities, one on the East Coast and one on the West Coast of the United States; demographic data, injury type, and treatments rendered were documented. Results: Sixty-one patients were identified and analyzed. Average patient age was 19.1 years. Fractures represented 93.4% of all acute injuries. The most common sites of injury were the ankle (41%) and wrist (36%). Rotation about a planted lower extremity was the most common mechanism of injury (30/61, 49%), followed by falls onto an outstretched hand (26/61, 43%). Conclusion: Fractures of the ankle and wrist comprise a high proportion of skimboarding injuries. Knowledge of potential hazards associated with this sport should be made available to participants. To decrease the risk of orthopaedic injury, the use of protective equipment or instruction in proper techniques of the activity may be warranted. C1 [Sciarretta, Kathryn H.; Riccio, Anthony I.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [McKenna, Matthew J.] First Flight Orthopaed & Sports Med PA, Kill Devil Hills, NC USA. RP Sciarretta, KH (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM kathryn.sciarretta@med.navy.mil NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0363-5465 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 37 IS 7 BP 1425 EP 1428 DI 10.1177/0363546509332254 PG 4 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 464OI UT WOS:000267514400021 PM 19329788 ER PT J AU Manock, SR Jacobsen, KH de Bravo, NB Russell, KL Negrete, M Olson, JG Sanchez, JL Blair, PJ Smalligan, RD Quist, BK Espin, JF Espinoza, WR MacCormick, F Fleming, LC Kochel, T AF Manock, Stephen R. Jacobsen, Kathryn H. Brito de Bravo, Narcisa Russell, Kevin L. Negrete, Monica Olson, James G. Sanchez, Jose L. Blair, Patrick J. Smalligan, Roger D. Quist, Brad K. Freire Espin, Juan Espinoza, Willan R. MacCormick, Fiona Fleming, Lila C. Kochel, Tadeusz TI Etiology of Acute Undifferentiated Febrile Illness in the Amazon Basin of Ecuador SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ACUTE Q-FEVER; HOSPITALIZED-PATIENTS; DENGUE VIRUS; PUERTO-RICO; LEPTOSPIROSIS; DIAGNOSIS; INFECTION; ADULTS; TRAVELERS; EPIDEMIC AB We conducted a longitudinal observational study of 533 patients presenting to two hospitals in the Ecuadorean Amazon basin with acute undifferentiated febrile illness (AUFI) from 2001 through 2004. Viral isolation, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), IgM seroconversion, and malaria smears identified pathogens responsible for fever in 122 (40.1%) of 304 patients who provided both acute and convalescent blood samples. Leptospirosis was found in 40 (13.2%), malaria in 38 (12.5%), rickettsioses in 18 (5.9%), dengue fever in 16 (5.3%), Q fever in 1.5 (4.9%), brucellosis in 4 (1.3%), Ilheus infection in 3 (1.0%), and Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE), Oropouche, and St. Louis encephalitis virus infections in less than 1% of these patients. Viral isolation and RT-PCR on another 229 participants who provided only acute samples identified 3 cases of dengue fever, 2 of VEE, and 1 of Ilheus. None of these pathogens, except for malaria, had previously been detected in the study area. C1 [Jacobsen, Kathryn H.; Fleming, Lila C.] George Mason Univ, Dept Global & Community Hlth, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Manock, Stephen R.] Rural Med Serv, Parrottsville, TN 37843 USA. [Brito de Bravo, Narcisa] Hosp Vozandes Oriente, Shell, Pastaza, Ecuador. [Russell, Kevin L.; Sanchez, Jose L.] Armed Forces Hlth Surveillance Ctr, Dept Def Global Emerging Surveillance & Response, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Negrete, Monica] I TECH, Maputo, Mozambique. [Blair, Patrick J.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Smalligan, Roger D.] E Tennessee State Univ, Quillen Coll Med, Johnson City, TN 37604 USA. E Tennessee State Univ, Dept Internal Med, Johnson City, TN 37604 USA. [Quist, Brad K.] HCJB Global, Community Dev Dept, Quito, Ecuador. [Freire Espin, Juan] Hosp Gen Fuerzas Armadas, Dept Med Interna, Quito, Ecuador. [Espinoza, Willan R.] Policlin Militar San Jorge, Sangolqui, Pichincha, Ecuador. [MacCormick, Fiona] W Cumberland Dist Gen Hosp, N Cumbria Acute Hosp NHS Trust, Whitehaven CA28 8JG, Cumbria, England. [Kochel, Tadeusz] US Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. US Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. RP Jacobsen, KH (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Global & Community Hlth, 4400 Univ Dr 5B7, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM stevemanock@yahoo.com; kjacobse@gmu.edu; nbrito@hcjb.org.ec; kevin.russell4@us.army.mil; monican@itech-mozambique.org; payara@comcast.net; toti.sanchez@us.army.mil; Patrick.Blair@med.navy.mil; smalliga@mail.etsu.edu; bquist@hcjb.org.ec; juanfreire52@yahoo.es; wrespinozas@yahoo.com; fionamaccormick@doctors.org.uk; lflemin1@gmu.edu; Tad.Kochel@med.navy.mil RI Jacobsen, Kathryn/B-5857-2008; Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; OI Jacobsen, Kathryn/0000-0002-4198-6246; Fleming, Lila/0000-0002-5556-2831 FU United States Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Systems Research Program [847705.82000.25GB.B0016] FX This study was funded by the United States Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Systems Research Program, WORK UNIT NUMBER: 847705.82000.25GB.B0016. NR 44 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 81 IS 1 BP 146 EP 151 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 464SI UT WOS:000267526500025 PM 19556580 ER PT J AU Kim, JS Anderson, GP Erickson, JS Golden, JP Nasir, M Ligler, FS AF Kim, Jason S. Anderson, George P. Erickson, Jeffrey S. Golden, Joel P. Nasir, Mansoor Ligler, Frances S. TI Multiplexed Detection of Bacteria and Toxins Using a Microflow Cytometer SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FLOW CYTOMETER; ARRAY IMMUNOSENSOR; SYSTEM AB A microfabricated flow cytometer was used to demonstrate multiplexed detection of bacteria and toxins using fluorescent coded microspheres. Antibody-coated microspheres bound biothreat targets in a sandwich immunoassay format. The microfluidic cytometer focused the microspheres in three dimensions within the laser interrogation region using passive groove structures to surround the sample stream with sheath fluid. Optical analysis at four different wavelengths identified the coded microspheres and quantified target bound by the presence of phycoerythrin tracer. The multiplexed assays in the microflow cytometer had performance approaching that of a commercial benchtop flow cytometer. The respective limits of detection for bacteria (Escherichia coli, Listeria, and Salmonella) were found to be 10(3), 10(5), and 10(4) cfu/mL for the microflow cytometer and 10(3), 10(6), and 10(5) cfu/mL for the commercial system. limits of detection for the toxins (cholera toxin, staphylococcal enterotoxin B, and ricin) were 1.6, 0.064, and 1.6 ng/mL for the microflow cytometer and 1.6, 0.064, and 8.0 ng/mL for the commercial system. C1 [Kim, Jason S.; Anderson, George P.; Erickson, Jeffrey S.; Golden, Joel P.; Nasir, Mansoor; Ligler, Frances S.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ligler, FS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM frances.ligler@nrl.navy.mil RI Anderson, George/D-2461-2011; Erickson, Jeffrey/F-6273-2011 OI Anderson, George/0000-0001-7545-9893; FU American Society for Engineering Education; NIH [UO1 A1075489]; ONR/NRL 6.2 work unit [6336] FX We would like to thank KPL for supplying the antibodies and antigens. J.S.K. is a postdoctoral fellow of the American Society for Engineering Education. The work presented here was performed under NIH Grant UO1 A1075489 and ONR/NRL 6.2 work unit 6336. The views presented here are those of the authors and do not represent the opinion or policy of the National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, the U.S. Navy, or the Department of Defense. NR 18 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 2 U2 34 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 2009 VL 81 IS 13 BP 5426 EP 5432 DI 10.1021/ac9005827 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 465TD UT WOS:000267609500043 PM 19496600 ER PT J AU Dragovich, A Weber, T Wenzell, D Verdolin, MH Cohen, SP AF Dragovich, Anthony Weber, Thomas Wenzell, Daniel Verdolin, Michael H. Cohen, Steven P. TI Neuromodulation in Patients Deployed to War Zones SO ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA LA English DT Article ID SPINAL-CORD STIMULATION; REGIONAL PAIN SYNDROME; SURGERY; OPIOIDS AB Four active duty military personnel and two retired soldiers/military contractors were treated with spinal or peripheral nerve stimulators. All six personnel were able to deploy after the stimulators were placed. Five patients had no incidents during their deployments. One patient completed four deployments but had mechanical complications that necessitated eventual revisions. Considering the risks and limitations of reoperation, nerve blocks, and pharmacotherapy in a forward-deployed area, spinal cord stimulation provides an appealing alternative in soldiers who desire to remain deployable on active duty. (Anesth Analg 2009:109:245-8) C1 [Dragovich, Anthony; Weber, Thomas] Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Bragg, NC USA. [Wenzell, Daniel] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. [Verdolin, Michael H.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Cohen, Steven P.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Cohen, Steven P.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Crit Care Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Cohen, Steven P.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Dragovich, A (reprint author), 25 Bay Point, Sanford, NC 27332 USA. EM dragov3@mac.com NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0003-2999 J9 ANESTH ANALG JI Anesth. Analg. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 109 IS 1 BP 245 EP 248 DI 10.1213/ane.0b013e3181a3368e PG 4 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 461NT UT WOS:000267275100040 PM 19535717 ER PT J AU Garland, CF AF Garland, Cedric F. TI Symposium in Print on the Epidemiology of Vitamin D and Cancer SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Garland, Cedric F.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Garland, Cedric F.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Garland, CF (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, 9500 Gilman Dr 0631C, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 19 IS 7 BP 439 EP 440 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2009.02.002 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 460QM UT WOS:000267202200001 PM 19342255 ER PT J AU Garland, CF Gorham, ED Mohr, SB Garland, FC AF Garland, Cedric F. Gorham, Edward D. Mohr, Sharif B. Garland, Frank C. TI Vitamin D for Cancer Prevention: Global Perspective SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Vitamin D; Breast Neoplasms; Colorectal Neoplasms; Ovarian Neoplasms; Dose-Response; Calcium; Etiology; Prevention; Treatment; Survival ID ULTRAVIOLET-B IRRADIANCE; CULTURED HUMAN KERATINOCYTES; AFRICAN-AMERICAN WOMEN; MYELOID-LEUKEMIA CELLS; D METABOLITE LEVELS; BREAST-CANCER; PROSTATE-CANCER; COLON-CANCER; COLORECTAL-CANCER; D SUPPLEMENTATION AB PURPOSE: Higher serum levels of the main circulating form of vitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), are associated with substantially lower incidence rates of colon, breast, ovarian, renal, pancreatic, aggressive prostate and other cancers. METHODS: Epidemiological findings combined with newly discovered mechanisms suggest a new model of cancer etiology that accounts for these actions of 25(OH)D and calcium. Its seven phases are disjunction, initiation, natural selection, overgrowth, metastasis, involution, and transition (abbreviated DINOMIT). Vitamin D metabolites prevent disjunction of cells and are beneficial in other phases. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: It is projected that raising the minimum year-around serum 25(OH)D level to 40 to 60 ng/mL (100-150 nmol/L) would prevent approximately 58,000 new cases of breast cancer and 49,000 new cases of colorectal cancer each year, and three fourths of deaths from these diseases in the United States and Canada, based on observational studies combined with a randomized trial. Such intakes also are expected to reduce case-fatality rates of patients who have breast, colorectal, or prostate cancer by half. There are no unreasonable risks from intake of 2000 IU per day of vitamin D(3), or from a population serum 25(OH)D level of 40 to 60 ng/mL. The time has arrived for nationally coordinated action to substantially increase intake of vitamin D and calcium. Ann Epidemiol 2009; 19:468-483. (C) Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Gorham, Edward D.; Garland, Frank C.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Garland, Cedric F.; Gorham, Edward D.; Mohr, Sharif B.; Garland, Frank C.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Garland, Cedric F.; Gorham, Edward D.; Mohr, Sharif B.; Garland, Frank C.] Moores Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Canc, La Jolla, CA USA. RP Gorham, ED (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM edward.gorham@med.navy.mil FU Special Interest Congressional Project allocation; Bureau of Medicine and Surgery; Naval Health Research Center in San Diego, CA FX This research was partially supported by a Special Interest Congressional Project allocation to the Penn State Cancer Institute of the Milton S. Hershey Medical Center (Hershey, PA) through the Department of the Navy, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, and the Naval Health Research Center in San Diego, CA, Work Unit No. 60126. The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not represent an official position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the U. S. Government. NR 144 TC 205 Z9 216 U1 3 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 19 IS 7 BP 468 EP 483 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2009.03.021 PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 460QM UT WOS:000267202200006 PM 19523595 ER PT J AU Musser, JA Fry, ES Gray, DJ AF Musser, Joseph A. Fry, Edward S. Gray, Deric J. TI Flow-through integrating cavity absorption meter: experimental results SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING; WATERS; DESIGN AB We report experimental results from a flow-through integrating cavity absorption meter. The operating range of the device is from 0.004 m(-1) to over 80 m(-1) of absorption. Absorption coefficients have been measured with 8% or less change in the presence of over 200 m(-1) of scattering in the medium. The instrument signal has been shown to be independent of flow rate up to 20 liters/min and thus independent of turbulence. This large operational range along with the ability to measure absorption independently of adverse scattering affects allows the instrument to be utilized in a wide range of environmental conditions. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America C1 [Musser, Joseph A.] Stephen F Austin State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nacogdoches, TX 75962 USA. [Fry, Edward S.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Gray, Deric J.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Musser, JA (reprint author), Stephen F Austin State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, POB 13044 SFA Stn, Nacogdoches, TX 75962 USA. EM musserja@sfasu.edu RI Fry, Edward/B-6012-2016 FU Robert A. Welch Foundation [A-1218]; U.S. Army/RDECOM Edgewood Chemical and Biological Center Aberdeen Proving Ground [DAD13-03C-0050] FX This work was supported in part by Robert A. Welch Foundation grant A-1218 and U.S. Army/RDECOM Edgewood Chemical and Biological Center Aberdeen Proving Ground, contract DAD13-03C-0050. When this research was performed J. A. Musser was associated with the Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA 77843-4242. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUL 1 PY 2009 VL 48 IS 19 BP 3596 EP 3602 DI 10.1364/AO.48.003596 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 477LI UT WOS:000268520200009 PM 19571914 ER PT J AU Keefe, MS Keefe, MA AF Keefe, Morgan S. Keefe, Michael A. TI An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Different Techniques for Intraoperative Infiltration of Antibiotics Into Alloplastic Implants for Use in Facial Reconstruction SO ARCHIVES OF FACIAL PLASTIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID BONE-CEMENT; POLYETHYLENE IMPLANTS; PROPHYLAXIS; INFECTION AB Background: Reconstruction in the head and neck can be difficult owing to the size of the defect or characteristics of the tissue that needs to be replaced. Facial wounds or reconstruction sites can be subject to contamination, thereby risking infection of any implanted material even under ideal circumstances. Particular areas of concern are sites where minimizing the bacterial contamination prior to placing an implant is difficult (eg, the oral cavity and internal nose). Reconstruction involves the facial subcutaneous soft tissue and/or bone, and the ideal implant provides support and natural feel, as well as a low risk of infection. The biocompatibility of alloplastic implants depends on the tissue inertness of the implant and the porosity, allowing connective tissue ingrowth, which in turn decreases the susceptibility to infection. Scalafani et al demonstrated that alloplastic implants contaminated prior to fibrovascular ingrowth had a much higher incidence of infection and rejection. Objective: To examine the effectiveness of several techniques for infiltrating antibiotics into alloplastic implants of different porosity using 2 commonly used alloplastic implants, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE, or GORE-TEX) and porous high-density polyethylene (Medpor). Results: Using an in vitro bacterial growth inhibition model, we found that suction infiltration of the implant with antibiotics was the most effective technique, with a statistically significant advantage over other techniques used. The advantages of the suction impregnation were seen to be most effective using alloplasts with a smaller pore size (20-30 mu m) (P < .001), but there was a statistically significant difference even with implants with a larger pore size (150-200 mu m) (P <. 001). Conclusions: Suction infiltration of antibiotics into porous implants seems to be the most effective method identified using an in vitro testing protocol. Further experiments will be needed to confirm the effectiveness in reducing the perioperative risk of infection in vivo. C1 [Keefe, Michael A.] Sharp Rees Stealy Med Grp, Div Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, San Diego, CA 92131 USA. [Keefe, Michael A.] USN, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Keefe, Morgan S.] Our Lady Peace Acad, Div Sci, San Diego, CA USA. RP Keefe, MA (reprint author), Sharp Rees Stealy Med Grp, Div Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 10670 Wexford St, San Diego, CA 92131 USA. EM makeefe1@gmail.com FU laboratory division of the Naval Medical Center San Diego; Medpor; GORE-TEX FX Laboratory supplies were donated by the laboratory division of the Naval Medical Center San Diego, and the Medpor and GORE-TEX were donated from the manufacturers. (The senior author [M.A.K.] paid for the other laboratory expenses.) NR 12 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 1521-2491 J9 ARCH FACIAL PLAST S JI Arch. Facial Plast. Surg. PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 11 IS 4 BP 246 EP 251 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 472MY UT WOS:000268137300005 PM 19620530 ER PT J AU Nho, SJ Provencher, MT Seroyer, ST Romeo, AA AF Nho, Shane J. Provencher, Matthew T. Seroyer, Shane T. Romeo, Anthony A. TI Bioabsorbable Anchors in Glenohumeral Shoulder Surgery SO ARTHROSCOPY-THE JOURNAL OF ARTHROSCOPIC AND RELATED SURGERY LA English DT Review DE Bioabsorbable anchors; Metallic anchors; Shoulder arthroscopy; Suture anchors ID CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION; ARTHROSCOPIC BANKART REPAIR; SUTURE ANCHORS; ROTATOR CUFF; INTERFERENCE SCREWS; SURETAC DEVICE; BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS; STABILIZATION; FIXATION; STRENGTH AB The use of implants to provide glenohumeral soft tissue fixation has changed dramatically over the past few decades, from point tack fixation to metallic suture anchors to bioabsorbable suture anchors. Bioabsorbable suture anchors have largely replaced metallic anchors because of concerns of implant loosening, migration, and chondral injury. Although the safety and efficacy of bioabsorbable anchors has been well documented, there are numerous reports regarding the early failure related to implant bioabsorbable implant breakage or premature degradation. Patients with anchor-related complications generally present with pain and/or stiffness, and the surgeon should have a high index of suspicion if a patient does not progress as expected. Glenohumeral synovitis, glenoid osteolysis, loose bodies, and chondral injury are some of the notable complications that have been reported. Careful attention to proper anchor insertion techniques can limit the potential for complications. Newer materials, such as polyetheretherketone and other composites, have recently been introduced. These materials may address concerns of biocompatibility and material strength, but additional rigorous in vitro and in vivo trials need to be conducted before their use becomes widespread. C1 [Nho, Shane J.; Seroyer, Shane T.; Romeo, Anthony A.] Rush Univ, Dept Orthoped Surg, Sect Shoulder & Elbow Surg, Med Ctr,Rush Med Coll,Div Sports Med, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Provencher, Matthew T.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Div Sports Surg, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Nho, SJ (reprint author), Rush Univ, Dept Orthoped Surg, Sect Shoulder & Elbow Surg, Med Ctr,Rush Med Coll,Div Sports Med, 1725 W Harrison St,Suite 1063, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM snho@hotmail.com OI Romeo, Anthony/0000-0003-4848-3411 NR 37 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0749-8063 J9 ARTHROSCOPY JI Arthroscopy PD JUL PY 2009 VL 25 IS 7 BP 788 EP 793 DI 10.1016/j.arthro.2008.08.018 PG 6 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 468FJ UT WOS:000267801900013 PM 19560644 ER PT J AU Mittal, R Hudson, DS Reiprich, TH Clarke, T AF Mittal, R. Hudson, D. S. Reiprich, T. H. Clarke, T. TI AGN heating and ICM cooling in the HIFLUGCS sample of galaxy clusters SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Review DE cooling flows; galaxies: active; X-rays: galaxies: clusters; radio continuum: galaxies; galaxies: clusters: general ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BLACK-HOLE MASS; FLUX-LIMITED SAMPLE; X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; HALO OCCUPATION DISTRIBUTION; BRIGHTEST CLUSTER; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; CD-GALAXIES; RADIO-LOUD; XMM-NEWTON AB Active galactic nuclei (AGN) at the center of galaxy clusters with gas cooling times that are much shorter than the Hubble time have emerged as heating agents powerful enough to prevent further cooling of the intracluster medium (ICM). We carried out an intensive study of the AGN heating-ICM cooling network by comparing various cluster parameters to the integrated radio luminosity of the central AGN, L(R), defined as the total synchrotron power between 10 MHz and 15 GHz. This study is based on the HIFLUGCS sample comprising the 64 X-ray brightest galaxy clusters. We adopted the central cooling time, t(cool), as the diagnostic to ascertain cooling properties of the HIFLUGCS sample and classify clusters with t(cool) < 1 Gyr as strong cool-core (SCC) clusters, with 1 Gyr < t(cool) < 7.7 Gyr as weak cool-core (WCC) clusters and with t(cool) > 7.7 Gyr as non-cool-core (NCC) clusters. We find 48 out of 64 clusters (75%) contain cluster center radio sources (CCRS) cospatial with or within 50 h(71)(-1) kpc of the X-ray peak emission. Furthermore, we find that the probability of finding a CCRS increases from 45% to 67% to 100% for NCC, WCC, and SCC clusters, respectively. We use a total of similar to 140 independent radio flux-density measurements, with data at more than two frequencies for more than 54% of the sources extending below 500 MHz, enabling the determination of accurate estimates of L(R). We find that L(R) in SCC clusters depends strongly on the cluster scale such that more massive clusters harbor more powerful radio AGN. The same trend is observed between L(R) and the classical mass deposition rate,. M(classical) in SCC and partly also in WCC clusters, and can be quantified as L(R) proportional to M(classical)(1.69 +/- 0.25). We also perform correlations of the luminosity for the brightest cluster galaxy, L(BCG), close to the X-ray peak in all 64 clusters with L(R) and cluster parameters, such as the virial mass, M(500), and the bolometric X-ray luminosity, L(X). To this end, we use the 2MASS K-band magnitudes and invoke the near-infrared bulge luminosity-black hole mass relation to convert L(BCG) to supermassive black hole mass, M(BH). We find a weak correlation between M(BH) and L(R) for SCC clusters, L(R) similar to M(BH)(4.10 +/- 0.42), although with a few outliers. We find an excellent correlation of L(BCG) with M(500) and L(X) for the entire sample, the SCC clusters showing a tighter trend in both the cases. We discuss the plausible reasons behind these scaling relations in the context of cooling flows and AGN feedback. Our results strongly suggest an AGN-feedback machinery in SCC clusters, which regulates the cooling in the central regions. Since the dispersion in these correlations, such as that between L(R) and M(classical) or L(R) and M(BH), increases in going from SCC to WCC clusters, we conclude there must be secondary processes that work either in conjunction with the AGN heating or independently to counteract the radiative losses in WCC clusters. C1 [Mittal, R.; Hudson, D. S.; Reiprich, T. H.] Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Mittal, R.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Clarke, T.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Clarke, T.] Interferometrics Inc, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. RP Mittal, R (reprint author), Argelander Inst Astron, Hugel 71, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. EM rmittal@astro.uni-bonn.de FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [RE 1462/4]; Emmy Noether research [RE 1462/2]; 6.1 Base funding; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation FX The authors want to thank Heinz Andernach for providing information on the initial BCG search positions for 2MASS and Paul Nulsen, Tod Lauer and Douglas Richstone for helpful discussions and the internal referee, Manuel Perucho, for a beneficial feedback. The authors thank the external referee for a very interesting report and for provoking us to think about certain important issues in detail. R. M. acknowledges support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) through the Schwerpunkt Program 1177 (RE 1462/4). T. H. R and D. S. H. acknowledge support from the DFG through the Emmy Noether research grant RE 1462/2. Basic research in radio astronomy at the NRL is supported by 6.1 Base funding. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We acknowledge the usage of the HyperLeda database (http://leda.univ-lyon1.fr). NR 102 TC 94 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 501 IS 3 BP 835 EP U40 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/200810836 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 474NW UT WOS:000268292200002 ER PT J AU Intema, HT van der Tol, S Cotton, WD Cohen, AS van Bemmel, IM Rottgering, HJA AF Intema, H. T. van der Tol, S. Cotton, W. D. Cohen, A. S. van Bemmel, I. M. Roettgering, H. J. A. TI Ionospheric calibration of low frequency radio interferometric observations using the peeling scheme I. Method description and first results SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE atmospheric effects; methods: numerical; techniques: interferometric ID VLA SKY SURVEY; SELF-CALIBRATION; DYNAMIC-RANGE; LARGE ARRAY; 74 MHZ; DECONVOLUTION; IMAGES AB Calibration of radio interferometric observations becomes increasingly difficult towards lower frequencies. Below similar to 300 MHz, spatially variant refractions and propagation delays of radio waves traveling through the ionosphere cause phase rotations that can vary significantly with time, viewing direction and antenna location. In this article we present a description and first results of SPAM (Source Peeling and Atmospheric Modeling), a new calibration method that attempts to iteratively solve and correct for ionospheric phase errors. To model the ionosphere, we construct a time-variant, 2-dimensional phase screen at fixed height above the Earth's surface. Spatial variations are described by a truncated set of discrete Karhunen-Loeve base functions, optimized for an assumed power-law spectral density of free electrons density fluctuations, and a given configuration of calibrator sources and antenna locations. The model is constrained using antenna-based gain phases from individual self-calibrations on the available bright sources in the field-of-view. Application of SPAM on three test cases, a simulated visibility data set and two selected 74 MHz VLA data sets, yields significant improvements in image background noise (5-75 percent reduction) and source peak fluxes (up to 25 percent increase) as compared to the existing self-calibration and field-based calibration methods, which indicates a significant improvement in ionospheric phase calibration accuracy. C1 [Intema, H. T.; van Bemmel, I. M.; Roettgering, H. J. A.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [van der Tol, S.] Delft Univ Technol, Delft, Netherlands. [Cotton, W. D.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Cohen, A. S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Intema, HT (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM intema@strw.leidenuniv.nl RI Intema, Huib/D-1438-2012 OI Intema, Huib/0000-0002-5880-2730 NR 53 TC 81 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 501 IS 3 BP 1185 EP 1205 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/200811094 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 474NW UT WOS:000268292200029 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Asano, K Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Baughman, BM Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Burnett, TH Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, A Casandjian, JM Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Celotti, A Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Colafrancesco, S Cominsky, LR Conrad, J Costamante, L Dermer, CD de Angelis, A de Palma, F Digel, SW Donato, D Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Finke, J Focke, WB Frailis, M Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Georganopoulos, M Germani, S Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giordano, F Glanzman, T Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hartman, RC Hayashida, M Hays, E Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, RP Johnson, WN Kadler, M Kamae, T Kanai, Y Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kawai, N Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kuehn, F Kuss, M Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Makeev, A Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, A Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nakamori, T Nolan, L Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ritz, S Rodriguez, AY Romani, RW Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sambruna, R Sanchez, D Sander, A Sato, R Parkinson, PMS Sgro, C Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Starck, JL Strickman, MS Strong, AW Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Taylor, GB Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Torres, DF Tosti, G Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wood, KS Ylinen, T Ziegler, M Aller, HD Aller, MF Kellermann, KI Kovalev, YY Kovalev, YA Lister, ML Pushkarev, AB AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Asano, K. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. M. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. H. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, A. Casandjian, J. M. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Celotti, A. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Colafrancesco, S. Cominsky, L. R. Conrad, J. Costamante, L. Dermer, C. D. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. Donato, D. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Finke, J. Focke, W. B. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Georganopoulos, M. Germani, S. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hartman, R. C. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, W. N. Kadler, M. Kamae, T. Kanai, Y. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kuehn, F. Kuss, M. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Nolan, L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Romani, R. W. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sambruna, R. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Sato, R. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Sgro, C. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Starck, J. -L. Strickman, M. S. Strong, A. W. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Taylor, G. B. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. Aller, H. D. Aller, M. F. Kellermann, K. I. Kovalev, Y. Y. Kovalev, Yu. A. Lister, M. L. Pushkarev, A. B. TI FERMI DISCOVERY OF GAMMA-RAY EMISSION FROM NGC 1275 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: individual (NGC 1275); galaxies: jets; gamma rays: observations; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal ID DEEP CHANDRA OBSERVATION; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; PERSEUS CLUSTER; X-RAY; GALAXY CLUSTERS; BL-LACERTAE; NONTHERMAL EMISSION; RADIO-GALAXIES; TEV BLAZARS; COSMIC-RAYS AB We report the discovery of high-energy (E > 100 MeV) gamma-ray emission from NGC 1275, a giant elliptical galaxy lying at the center of the Perseus cluster of galaxies, based on observations made with the Large Area Telescope (LAT) of the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. The positional center of the gamma-ray source is only approximate to 3' away from the NGC 1275 nucleus, well within the 95% LAT error circle of approximate to 5'. The spatial distribution of gamma-ay photons is consistent with a point source. The average flux and power-law photon index measured with the LAT from 2008 August 4 to 2008 December 5 are F-gamma = (2.10 +/- 0.23) x 10(-7) ph (>100 MeV) cm(-2) s(-1) and Gamma = 2.17 +/- 0.05, respectively. The measurements are statistically consistent with constant flux during the four-month LAT observing period. Previous EGRET observations gave an upper limit of F-gamma < 3.72 x 10(-8) ph (>100 MeV) cm(-2) s(-1) to the gamma-ray flux from NGC 1275. This indicates that the source is variable on timescales of years to decades, and therefore restricts the fraction of emission that can be produced in extended regions of the galaxy cluster. Contemporaneous and historical radio observations are also reported. The broadband spectrum of NGC 1275 is modeled with a simple one-zone synchrotron/synchrotron self-Compton model and a model with a decelerating jet flow. C1 [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Dermer, C. D.; Finke, J.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Costamante, L.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Costamante, L.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. G.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Asano, K.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Interact Res Ctr Sci, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Starck, J. -L.] Univ Paris Diderot, Serv Astrophys, CEA Saclay, Lab AIM,CEA IRFU,CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Baughman, B. M.; Hughes, R. E.; Kuehn, F.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Giebels, B.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caraveo, A.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Colafrancesco, S.] Sci Data Ctr, ASI, I-00044 Rome, Italy. [Celotti, A.] SISSA, I-34014 Trieste, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, CNRS, IN2P3, Montpellier, France. [Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmo Particle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Coll Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Georganopoulos, M.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Kadler, M.] Dr Remeis Sternwarte Bamberg, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. [Kadler, M.; Moiseev, A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Kadler, M.] Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Kadler, M.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Kanai, Y.; Nakamori, T.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Kawai, N.] RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Cosm Radiat Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] CNRS UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Moiseev, A.; Ritz, S.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Orlando, E.; Rodriguez, A. Y.; Strong, A. W.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Sato, R.; Takahashi, T.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Taylor, G. B.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Torres, D. F.] CSIC, Inst Ciencies Espai, IEEC, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. [Aller, H. D.; Aller, M. F.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kellermann, K. I.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Kovalev, Y. Y.; Kovalev, Yu. A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Ctr Astro Space, Moscow 117810, Russia. [Kovalev, Y. Y.; Pushkarev, A. B.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Lister, M. L.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Pushkarev, A. B.] Crimean Astrophys Observ, UA-98409 Nauchnyi, Crimea, Ukraine. [Pushkarev, A. B.] Pulkovo Observ, St Petersburg 196140, Russia. RP Kataoka, J (reprint author), Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, 3-4-1 Okubo, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. EM kataoka.jun@waseda.jp RI Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Kovalev, Yuri/N-1053-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Pushkarev, Alexander/M-9997-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Starck, Jean-Luc/D-9467-2011; Kovalev, Yuri/J-5671-2013; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; OI De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Kadler, Matthias/0000-0001-5606-6154; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; Starck, Jean-Luc/0000-0003-2177-7794; Kovalev, Yuri/0000-0001-9303-3263; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726 FU Russian Foundation for Basic Research [01-02-16812, 05-02-17377, 08-02-00545]; National Foundation [0807860-AST]; NASA-Fermi [NNX08AV67G] FX The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. RATAN- 600 observations are partly supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (projects 01-02-16812, 05-02-17377, 08-02-00545). The MOJAVE project is supported under National Foundation grant 0807860-AST and NASA-Fermi grant NNX08AV67G. NR 69 TC 95 Z9 95 U1 5 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 2009 VL 699 IS 1 BP 31 EP 39 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/699/1/31 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 458WC UT WOS:000267056300004 ER PT J AU Wang, YM Muglach, K Kliem, B AF Wang, Y. -M. Muglach, K. Kliem, B. TI ENDPOINT BRIGHTENINGS IN ERUPTING FILAMENTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: corona; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun: filaments; Sun: magnetic fields; Sun: prominences; Sun: UV radiation ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; MAGNETIC-FLUX ROPE; CONFIGURATIONS SUPPORTING PROMINENCES; GLOBAL SOLAR CORONA; LAMBDA-304 PROMINENCES; KINK INSTABILITY; CHIRALITY; FIELD; EVOLUTION; RECONNECTION AB Two well known phenomena associated with erupting filaments are the transient coronal holes that form on each side of the filament channel and the bright post-event arcade with its expanding double row of footpoints. Here we focus on a frequently overlooked signature of filament eruptions: the spike- or fan-shaped brightenings that appear to mark the far endpoints of the filament. From a sample of non-active-region filament events observed with the Extreme-Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, we find that these brightenings usually occur near the outer edges of the transient holes, in contrast to the post-event arcades, which define their inner edges. The endpoints are often multiple and are rooted in and around strong network flux well outside the filament channel, a result that is consistent with the axial field of the filament being much stronger than the photospheric field inside the channel. The extreme ultraviolet brightenings, which are most intense at the time of maximum outward acceleration of the filament, can be used to determine unambiguously the direction of the axial field component from longitudinal magnetograms. Their location near the outer boundary of the transient holes suggests that we are observing the footprints of the current sheet formed at the leading edge of the erupting filament, as distinct from the vertical current sheet behind the filament which is the source of the post-event arcade. C1 [Wang, Y. -M.; Muglach, K.; Kliem, B.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Muglach, K.] ARTEP Inc, Ellicott City, MD USA. [Kliem, B.] Univ Coll London, MSSL, Surrey, England. [Kliem, B.] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, Potsdam, Germany. RP Wang, YM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM yi.wang@nrl.navy.mil; muglach@nrl.navy.mil; bkliem@uni-potsdam.de FU NASA; Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by NASA and the Office of Naval Research. NR 57 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 2009 VL 699 IS 1 BP 133 EP 142 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/699/1/133 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 458WC UT WOS:000267056300013 ER PT J AU Shaposhnikov, N Titarchuk, L AF Shaposhnikov, Nickolai Titarchuk, Lev TI DETERMINATION OF BLACK HOLE MASSES IN GALACTIC BLACK HOLE BINARIES USING SCALING OF SPECTRAL AND VARIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; black hole physics; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; stars: individual (XTE J1550-564, H 1743-322, GX 339-4, 4U 1630-47, GRS 1915+105, XTE 1650-500, XTE 1859+226, 4U 1543-47) ID QUASI-PERIODIC OSCILLATIONS; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; XTE J1550-564; MICROQUASAR XTE-J1550-564; FREQUENCY CORRELATION; INTRINSIC SIGNATURE; STATE TRANSITIONS; QPO FREQUENCY; 2000 OUTBURST; NEUTRON-STAR AB We present a study of correlations between X-ray spectral and timing properties observed from a number of Galactic black hole (BH) binaries during hard-soft state spectral evolution. We analyze 17 transition episodes from eight BH sources observed with Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer. Our scaling technique for BH mass determination uses a correlation between the spectral index and quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) frequency. In addition, we use a correlation between the index and the normalization of the disk "seed" component to cross-check the BH mass determination and estimate the distance to the source. While the index-QPO correlations for two given sources contain information on the ratio of the BH masses in those sources, the index-normalization correlations depend on the ratio of the BH masses and the distance square ratio. In fact, the index-normalization correlation also discloses the index-mass accretion rate saturation effect given that the normalization of disk "seed" photon supply is proportional to the disk mass accretion rate. We present arguments that this observationally established index saturation effect is a signature of the bulk motion (converging) flow onto a BH, which was early predicted by the dynamical Comptonization theory. We use GRO J1655-40 as a primary reference source for which the BH mass, distance, and inclination angle are evaluated by dynamical measurements with unprecedented precision among other Galactic BH sources. We apply our scaling technique to determine BH masses and distances for Cygnus X-1, GX 339-4, 4U 1543-47, XTE J1550-564, XTE J1650-500, H 1743-322, and XTE J1859-226. A good agreement of our results for sources with known values of BH masses and distance provides independent verification for our scaling technique. C1 [Shaposhnikov, Nickolai] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, CRESST, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Shaposhnikov, Nickolai] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Titarchuk, Lev] George Mason Univ, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Titarchuk, Lev] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Titarchuk, Lev] Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. [Titarchuk, Lev] ICRANet, I-65122 Pescara, PE, Italy. RP Shaposhnikov, N (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, CRESST, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM nikolai.v.shaposhnikov@nasa.gov; lev.titarchuk@nrl.navy.mil NR 54 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 2009 VL 699 IS 1 BP 453 EP 468 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/699/1/453 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 458WC UT WOS:000267056300036 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Atwood, WB Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Battelino, M Baughman, BM Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bouvier, A Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Burnett, TH Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Charles, E Chaty, S Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Cominsky, LR Conrad, J Costamante, L Cutini, S Dermer, CD de Angelis, A de Palma, F Digel, SW Silva, EDE Donato, D Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Focke, WB Foschini, L Frailis, M Fuhrmann, L Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giommi, P Giordano, F Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hartman, RC Hayashida, M Hays, E Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, RP Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kawai, N Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kocian, ML Kuehn, F Kuss, M Latronico, L Lee, SH Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Makeev, A Massaro, E Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE McGlynn, S Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Reyes, LC Ritz, S Rochester, LS Rodriguez, AY Rahoui, F Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sambruna, R Sanchez, D Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Sgro, C Shaw, MS Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Starck, JL Strickman, MS Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Vilchez, N Villata, M Vitale, V Waite, AP Winer, BL Wood, KS Ylinen, T Zensus, JA Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Atwood, W. B. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Battelino, M. Baughman, B. M. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bouvier, A. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. H. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chaty, S. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. R. Conrad, J. Costamante, L. Cutini, S. Dermer, C. D. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. do Couto e Silva, E. Donato, D. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Focke, W. B. Foschini, L. Frailis, M. Fuhrmann, L. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giommi, P. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hartman, R. C. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kocian, M. L. Kuehn, F. Kuss, M. Latronico, L. Lee, S. -H. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Makeev, A. Massaro, E. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. McGlynn, S. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Reyes, L. C. Ritz, S. Rochester, L. S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Rahoui, F. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sambruna, R. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Sgro, C. Shaw, M. S. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Starck, J. -L. Strickman, M. S. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Vilchez, N. Villata, M. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Zensus, J. A. Ziegler, M. TI EARLY FERMI GAMMA-RAY SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS OF THE QUASAR 3C 454.3 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; gamma rays: observations; quasars: individual (3C 454.3) ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; BL-LAC OBJECTS; SOFT-X-RAY; BLAZAR 3C-454.3; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; INFRARED OBSERVATIONS; AGILE DETECTION; FLARE; RADIO; RADIATION AB This is the first report of Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope observations of the quasar 3C 454.3, which has been undergoing pronounced long-term outbursts since 2000. The data from the Large Area Telescope, covering 2008 July 7-October 6, indicate strong, highly variable.-ray emission with an average flux of similar to 3 x 10 (6) photons cm(-2) s(-1), for energies > 100 MeV. The gamma-ray flux is variable, with strong, distinct, symmetrically shaped flares for which the flux increases by a factor of several on a timescale of about 3 days. This variability indicates a compact emission region, and the requirement that the source is optically thin to pair production implies relativistic beaming with Doppler factor delta > 8, consistent with the values inferred from Very Long Baseline Interferometry observations of superluminal expansion (delta similar to 25). The observed gamma-ray spectrum is not consistent with a simple power law, but instead steepens strongly above similar to 2 GeV, and is well described by a broken power law with photon indices of similar to 2.3 and similar to 3.5 below and above the break, respectively. This is the first direct observation of a break in the spectrum of a high-luminosity blazar above 100 MeV, and it is likely direct evidence for an intrinsic break in the energy distribution of the radiating particles. Alternatively, the spectral softening above 2 GeV could be due to gamma-ray absorption via photon-photon pair production on the soft X-ray photon field of the host active galactic nucleus, but such an interpretation would require the dissipation region to be located very close (less than or similar to 100 gravitational radii) to the black hole, which would be inconsistent with the X-ray spectrum of the source. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Costamante, L.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lee, S. -H.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Shaw, M. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Costamante, L.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Lee, S. -H.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Shaw, M. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Waite, A. P.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Axelsson, M.; Battelino, M.; McGlynn, S.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmo Particle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Chaty, S.; Rahoui, F.; Starck, J. -L.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire AIM,IRFU,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Battelino, M.; Conrad, J.; McGlynn, S.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baughman, B. M.; Hughes, R. E.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Giebels, B.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Giommi, P.] ASI, Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Rome, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, IN2P3, Montpellier, France. [Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Coll Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, P. D.] CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, P. D.] Univ Bordeaux, CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Foschini, L.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Brera, I-23807 Merate, Italy. [Fuhrmann, L.; Zensus, J. A.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.; Moiseev, A. A.; Ritz, S.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698050, Japan. [Kawai, N.] RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Cosm Radiat Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Kawai, N.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, UPS, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Massaro, E.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Moiseev, A. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Reyes, L. C.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, IEEC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Takahashi, T.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Villata, M.] Osserv Astron Torino, INAF, Turin, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00173 Rome, Italy. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM lott@cenbg.in2p3.fr; madejski@slac.stanford.edu RI Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Starck, Jean-Luc/D-9467-2011; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Foschini, Luigi/H-3833-2012; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; OI Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Starck, Jean-Luc/0000-0003-2177-7794; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Foschini, Luigi/0000-0001-8678-0324; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Berenji, Bijan/0000-0002-4551-772X; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; Villata, Massimo/0000-0003-1743-6946; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; giommi, paolo/0000-0002-2265-5003; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Chaty, Sylvain/0000-0002-5769-8601; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Axelsson, Magnus/0000-0003-4378-8785 NR 44 TC 84 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 2009 VL 699 IS 1 BP 817 EP 823 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/699/1/817 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 458WC UT WOS:000267056300061 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Ackermann, M Ajello, M Atwood, WB Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Band, DL Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Battelino, M Baughman, BM Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Berenji, B Bignami, GF Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonamente, E Borgland, AW Bouvier, A Bregeon, J Brez, A Brigida, M Bruel, P Burnett, TH Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Cominsky, LR Conrad, J Corbet, R Costamante, L Cutini, S Davis, DS Dermer, CD de Angelis, A de Luca, A de Palma, F Digel, SW Dormody, M Silva, EDE Drell, PS Dubois, R Dumora, D Farnier, C Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Ferrara, EC Focke, WB Frailis, M Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Gehrels, N Germani, S Giebels, B Giglietto, N Giommi, P Giordano, F Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hartman, RC Hayashida, M Hays, E Healey, SE Horan, D Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Johnson, RP Johnson, TJ Johnson, WN Kamae, T Katagiri, H Kataoka, J Kawai, N Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kocevski, D Kocian, ML Komin, N Kuehn, F Kuss, M Lande, J Latronico, L Lee, SH Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Makeev, A Marelli, M Mazziotta, MN McConville, W McEnery, JE McGlynn, S Meurer, C Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monte, C Monzani, ME Moretti, E Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nakamori, T Nolan, PL Norris, JP Nuss, E Ohno, M Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orlando, E Ormes, JF Ozaki, M Paneque, D Panetta, JH Parent, D Pelassa, V Pepe, M Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Porter, TA Poupard, L Raino, S Rando, R Ray, PS Razzano, M Rea, N Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ritz, S Rochester, LS Rodriguez, AY Romani, RW Roth, M Ryde, F Sadrozinski, HFW Sanchez, D Sander, A Parkinson, PMS Scargle, JD Schalk, TL Sellerholm, A Sgro, C Shaw, MS Shrader, C Sierpowska-Bartosik, A Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Smith, PD Spandre, G Spinelli, P Starck, JL Stephens, TE Strickman, MS Strong, AW Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Tibolla, O Torres, DF Tosti, G Tramacere, A Uchiyama, Y Usher, TL Van Etten, A Vilchez, N Vitale, V Waite, AP Wallace, E Wang, P Watters, K Winer, BL Wood, KS Ylinen, T Ziegler, M AF Abdo, A. A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Atwood, W. B. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Band, D. L. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Battelino, M. Baughman, B. M. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Bignami, G. F. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. W. Bouvier, A. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. H. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. R. Conrad, J. Corbet, R. Costamante, L. Cutini, S. Davis, D. S. Dermer, C. D. de Angelis, A. de Luca, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. W. Dormody, M. do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. S. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Ferrara, E. C. Focke, W. B. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giommi, P. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hartman, R. C. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Healey, S. E. Horan, D. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, T. J. Johnson, W. N. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kocevski, D. Kocian, M. L. Komin, N. Kuehn, F. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lee, S. -H. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Makeev, A. Marelli, M. Mazziotta, M. N. McConville, W. McEnery, J. E. McGlynn, S. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. E. Moretti, E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Nolan, P. L. Norris, J. P. Nuss, E. Ohno, M. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Ozaki, M. Paneque, D. Panetta, J. H. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. A. Poupard, L. Raino, S. Rando, R. Ray, P. S. Razzano, M. Rea, N. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Rochester, L. S. Rodriguez, A. Y. Romani, R. W. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. F. -W. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Scargle, J. D. Schalk, T. L. Sellerholm, A. Sgro, C. Shaw, M. S. Shrader, C. Sierpowska-Bartosik, A. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Smith, P. D. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Starck, J. -L. Stephens, T. E. Strickman, M. S. Strong, A. W. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Tibolla, O. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. L. Van Etten, A. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Wallace, E. Wang, P. Watters, K. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. CA Fermi LAT Collaboration TI FERMI/LARGE AREA TELESCOPE BRIGHT GAMMA-RAY SOURCE LIST SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; gamma rays: observations; pulsars: general; surveys ID ALL-SKY SURVEY; X-RAY; SPACE-TELESCOPE; LIKELIHOOD RATIO; GALACTIC PLANE; HESS J1616-508; PSR J1617-5055; TEV SOURCE; EGRET DATA; MILKY-WAY AB Following its launch in 2008 June, the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi) began a sky survey in August. The Large Area Telescope (LAT) on Fermi in three months produced a deeper and better resolved map of the gamma-ray sky than any previous space mission. We present here initial results for energies above 100 MeV for the 205 most significant (statistical significance greater than similar to 10 sigma) gamma-ray sources in these data. These are the best characterized and best localized point-like (i.e., spatially unresolved) gamma-ray sources in the early mission data. C1 [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Costamante, L.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Healey, S. E.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocevski, D.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Lee, S. -H.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Shaw, M. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Van Etten, A.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.; Watters, K.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Bouvier, A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Costamante, L.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Healey, S. E.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocevski, D.; Kocian, M. L.; Lande, J.; Lee, S. -H.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Shaw, M. S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Uchiyama, Y.; Usher, T. L.; Van Etten, A.; Waite, A. P.; Wang, P.; Watters, K.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Dormody, M.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schalk, T. L.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Dormody, M.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schalk, T. L.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Axelsson, M.; Conrad, J.; McGlynn, S.; Meurer, C.; Ryde, F.; Sellerholm, A.; Ylinen, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmo Particle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sellerholm, A.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Komin, N.; Poupard, L.; Starck, J. -L.] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, CEA IRFU, CNRS,Serv Astrophys,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Band, D. L.; Moiseev, A. A.; Shrader, C.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.; Moretti, E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.; Moretti, E.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Battelino, M.; Conrad, J.; McGlynn, S.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baughman, B. M.; Hughes, R. E.; Kuehn, F.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bignami, G. F.; de Luca, A.] IUSS, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Giebels, B.; Horan, D.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.; Roth, M.; Wallace, E.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.; Marelli, M.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Giommi, P.] ASI, Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Komin, N.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, CNRS, IN2P3, F-34095 Montpellier, France. [Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.; Sellerholm, A.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Corbet, R.; Davis, D. S.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.; Frailis, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.; Johnson, T. J.; McConville, W.; Moiseev, A. A.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Guiriec, S.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698050, Japan. [Kawai, N.] RIKEN, Cosm Radiat Lab, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Kawai, N.; Nakamori, T.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] CNRS UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Norris, J. P.; Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Ohno, M.; Ozaki, M.; Takahashi, T.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Orlando, E.; Strong, A. W.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Rea, N.] Sterrenkundig Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Rea, N.; Rodriguez, A. Y.; Sierpowska-Bartosik, A.; Torres, D. F.] IEEC CSIC, Inst Ciencies Espai, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Scargle, J. D.; Stephens, T. E.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Stephens, T. E.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Tibolla, O.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain. [Tramacere, A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. [Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Makeev, A.; Ray, P. S.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jean.ballet@cea.fr; digel@stanford.edu; isabelle.grenier@cea.fr; David.J.Thompson@nasa.gov RI Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Rea, Nanda/I-2853-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Komin, Nukri/J-6781-2015; Starck, Jean-Luc/D-9467-2011; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Harding, Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano, pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Kuss, Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Tosti, Gino/E-9976-2013; Saz Parkinson, Pablo Miguel/I-7980-2013; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013; OI Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Rea, Nanda/0000-0003-2177-6388; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Rando, Riccardo/0000-0001-6992-818X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; De Luca, Andrea/0000-0001-6739-687X; Bignami, Giovanni/0000-0001-9582-2450; Stephens, Thomas/0000-0003-3065-6871; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; giommi, paolo/0000-0002-2265-5003; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Komin, Nukri/0000-0003-3280-0582; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Starck, Jean-Luc/0000-0003-2177-7794; Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano, pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Axelsson, Magnus/0000-0003-4378-8785; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Berenji, Bijan/0000-0002-4551-772X; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278; Marelli, Martino/0000-0002-8017-0338 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Department of Energy in the United States; Commissariata l'Energie Atomique; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT); High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; K.A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; Swedish National Space Board in Sweden; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy FX The Fermi/LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariata l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K.A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden.; Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase from the following agencies is also gratefully acknowledged: the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the K.A. Wallenberg Foundation in Sweden for providing a grant in support of a Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Research fellowship for J.C. NR 57 TC 300 Z9 301 U1 6 U2 16 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 183 IS 1 BP 46 EP 66 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/183/1/46 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 466IY UT WOS:000267656000004 ER PT J AU Murphy, RJ Kozlovsky, B Kiener, J Share, GH AF Murphy, R. J. Kozlovsky, B. Kiener, J. Share, G. H. TI NUCLEAR GAMMA-RAY DE-EXCITATION LINES AND CONTINUUM FROM ACCELERATED-PARTICLE INTERACTIONS IN SOLAR FLARES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE Sun: flares ID CROSS-SECTIONS RELEVANT; ENERGY PROTON BOMBARDMENT; ALPHA-PARTICLES; ASTRONOMY; RADIATION; O-16; C-12; EMISSION; TALYS AB Analyses of gamma-ray line emission in solar flares have provided information about conditions in flaring magnetic loops, the abundances of the chromosphere where the gamma rays are produced, and the composition and spectrum of the flare-accelerated ions. While laboratory measurements of the cross sections for production of the strongest lines seen in flare spectra are available, these measurements often only cover a limited range of projectile energies. In addition, the bulk of the gamma-ray emission arises from the numerous weaker lines for which there are no measurements. The gamma-ray de-excitation-line production code, developed originally by Ramaty, Kozlovsky, and Lingenfelter, has been and continues to be the primary theoretical tool used for analyses of solar-flare gamma-ray data. The code uses both measured cross sections and estimated cross sections where measurements are inadequate. We have improved the completeness and accuracy of this code in three ways. ( 1) We use recent cross section measurements to improve cross sections for those lines already explicitly included in the code and to provide cross sections for new explicit lines. ( 2) For the first time, we give a detailed evaluation of the unresolved-line "continuum" (i.e., all line emission not accounted for by the explicit lines in the code). Because adequate laboratory measurements for this emission are not available, the primary tool for this evaluation was the theoretical nuclear program TALYS. We explore how this unresolved-line continuum depends on parameters relevant for solar flares. ( 3) We use TALYS to improve those line cross sections where available laboratory measurements are inadequate and to provide cross sections for new explicit lines for which no measurements exist. Numerical cross section values for all lines explicitly addressed by the code and for the unresolved-line continua are given in the Appendix. C1 [Murphy, R. J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kozlovsky, B.] Tel Aviv Univ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Kiener, J.] Univ Paris 11, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Kiener, J.] CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Spectrometrie Nucl & Spectrometrie Masse, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Share, G. H.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Murphy, RJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ronald.murphy@nrl.navy.mil FU NASA [DPR W19,977]; Office of Naval Research; Israeli Science Foundation; [NNG06GG14G] FX We are grateful to A.J. Koning for development of the powerful nuclear reaction code TALYS, his help in using the code, physics. This work was supported by NASA DPR W19,977 and grant NNG06GG14G and the Office of Naval Research. B. Kozlovsky acknowledges the Israeli Science Foundation for support. NR 31 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 183 IS 1 BP 142 EP 155 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/183/1/142 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 466IY UT WOS:000267656000007 ER PT J AU Wolff, MT Ray, PS Wood, KS Hertz, PL AF Wolff, Michael T. Ray, Paul S. Wood, Kent S. Hertz, Paul L. TI ECLIPSE TIMINGS OF THE TRANSIENT LOW-MASS X-RAY BINARY EXO 0748-676. IV. THE ROSSI X-RAY TIMING EXPLORER ECLIPSES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE binaries: eclipsing; stars: individual (EXO 0748-676); X-rays: binaries ID PROPORTIONAL COUNTER ARRAY; ORBITAL PERIOD MODULATION; GALACTIC-CENTER; CLOSE BINARIES; EXO-0748-676; CALIBRATION; X1658-298; DIPS AB We report our complete database of X-ray eclipse timings of the low-mass X-ray binary EXO 0748-676 observed by the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) satellite. As of this writing we have accumulated 443 full X-ray eclipses, 392 of which have been observed with the Proportional Counter Array on RXTE. These include both observations where an eclipse was specifically targeted and those eclipses found in the RXTE data archive. Eclipse cycle count has been maintained since the discovery of the EXO 0748-676 system in 1985 February. We describe our observing and analysis techniques for each eclipse and describe improvements we have made since the last compilation by Wolff et al. The principal result of this paper is the database containing the timing results from a seven-parameter fit to the X-ray light curve for each observed eclipse along with the associated errors in the fitted parameters. Based on the standard O - C analysis, EXO 0748-676 has undergone four distinct orbital period epochs since its discovery. In addition, EXO 0748-676 shows small-scale events in the O - C curve that are likely due to short-lived changes in the secondary star. C1 [Wolff, Michael T.; Ray, Paul S.; Wood, Kent S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hertz, Paul L.] NASA Headquarters, Sci Mission Directorate, Washington, DC 20546 USA. RP Wolff, MT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Michael.Wolff@nrl.navy.mil; Paul.Ray@nrl.navy.mil; Kent.Wood@nrl.navy.mil; Paul.Hertz@nasa.gov OI Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278 FU NASA Astrophysical Data Analysis Program; NASA RXTE Guest Observer Program; Office of Naval Research FX We thank Jean Swank, Keith Jahoda, Alan Smale, Jacob Hartman, Deepto Chakrabarty, Mark Strickman, Neil Johnson, Peter Becker, Steve Howell, Craig Markwardt, and Philipp Podsiadlowski for important discussions. We thank Dr. Jeroen Homan for allowing us to look at proprietary data in advance of publication. We thank Evan Smith for invaluable help in scheduling the eclipse observations with RXTE. We thank an anonymous referee for a number of suggestions that helped to improve this paper. This work was supported by the NASA Astrophysical Data Analysis Program, the NASA RXTE Guest Observer Program, and by the Office of Naval Research. NR 24 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 183 IS 1 BP 156 EP 170 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/183/1/156 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 466IY UT WOS:000267656000008 ER PT J AU Landi, E Bhatia, AK AF Landi, E. Bhatia, A. K. TI Atomic data and spectral line intensities for Ni XXV SO ATOMIC DATA AND NUCLEAR DATA TABLES LA English DT Article ID BE-LIKE IONS; COLLISION STRENGTHS; OSCILLATOR-STRENGTHS; RATE COEFFICIENTS; EMISSION-LINES; TRANSITIONS; PLASMAS; WAVELENGTHS; CHIANTI; IRON AB Electron impact collision strengths, energy levels, oscillator strengths, and spontaneous radiative decay rates are calculated for Ni XXV. The configurations used are 2s(2),2s2p,2p(2),2l3l',2l4l', and 2s5l', with l = s, p and l' = s, p, and d giving rise to 92 fine-structure levels in intermediate coupling. Collision strengths are calculated at seven incident energies (50, 100, 150, 225, 300, 375, and 450 Ry) for the transitions within the three lowest configurations corresponding to the 10 lowest energy levels, and at five incident energies (150, 225, 300, 375, and 450 Ry) for transitions between the lowest five levels and the n = 3,4, and 5 configurations. The calculations are carried out using the distorted wave approximation. Excitation rate coefficients are calculated as a function of electron temperature by assuming a Maxwellian electron velocity distribution. Using the excitation rate coefficients and the radiative transition rates of the present work. statistical equilibrium equations for level populations are solved at electron densities covering the 10(8)-10(14) cm(-3) range at an electron temperature of log T(e)(K) = 7.3. corresponding to the maximum abundance of Ni XXV. Spectral line intensities are calculated, and their diagnostic relevance is discussed. This dataset will be made available in the next version of the CHIANTI database. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Landi, E.] ARTEP Inc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Landi, E.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bhatia, A. K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Landi, E (reprint author), ARTEP Inc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. EM landi@poppeo.nrl.navy.mil RI Landi, Enrico/H-4493-2011 FU NASA [NNH06CD24C, NNG04ED07P] FX The work of Enrico Landi is supported by the NNH06CD24C, NNG04ED07P, and other NASA Grants. Calculations were carried out using the Discover computer of the NASA Center for Computation Science. We thank the anonymous referee for valuable comments that helped improve our paper. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0092-640X J9 ATOM DATA NUCL DATA JI Atom. Data Nucl. Data Tables PD JUL PY 2009 VL 95 IS 4 BP 547 EP 576 DI 10.1016/j.adt.2009.03.001 PG 30 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 459EP UT WOS:000267083900004 ER PT J AU O'Connor, P Hyde, D Clarke, J AF O'Connor, Paul Hyde, Dale Clarke, John TI Torso Heating of Divers in Cold Water SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Diving; thermal ID MANUAL PERFORMANCE; SKIN TEMPERATURE; EXPOSURE; HYPOTHERMIA; IMMERSION; EXERCISE AB Introduction: Cold water immersion could compromise both the effectiveness and safety of a diver. This paper reports an evaluation of the utility of providing external heating to divers in cold water. Methods: Seven U.S. Navy divers wearing semidry suits were submerged in 7.2 degrees C water for 2 h. In the heated condition, total of 35 W was delivered to each of four heating pads (total area 2477 cm(2)) placed on the torso of the divers. In the unheated condition, the participants received no external heating. Results: The participants believed they, were more comfortable in the heated, than the Unheated condition. However, objective data did not support this Perception. In tact, heating the torso had a significantly detrimental effect on the body's thermoregulatory ability, and lacked positive effect on manual dexterity. Cognitive test performance was not affected by the exposure. Discussion: Heating the torso did not have a positive effect on diver performance. Moreover, heating the torso of a diver may actually increase susceptibility to hypothermia. C1 [O'Connor, Paul] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Hyde, Dale; Clarke, John] USN, Expt Diving Unit, Panama City Beach, FL USA. RP O'Connor, P (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, GL-231,1411 Cunningham Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM poc73@hotmail.com RI OConnor, Paul/H-1221-2011 OI OConnor, Paul/0000-0001-9036-098X NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 80 IS 7 BP 603 EP 609 DI 10.3357/ASEM.2488.2009 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 464TS UT WOS:000267530700003 PM 19601501 ER PT J AU Despa, F Basati, S Zhang, ZD D'Andrea, J Reilly, JP Bodnar, EN Lee, RC AF Despa, Florin Basati, Suki Zhang, Zhen-Du D'Andrea, John Reilly, J. Patrick Bodnar, Elena N. Lee, Raphael C. TI Electromuscular Incapacitation Results From Stimulation of Spinal Reflexes SO BIOELECTROMAGNETICS LA English DT Article DE electronic stun devices; spinal reflexes; electromuscular incapacitation ID SWINE; MODEL; TASER; PIGS AB Electronic stun devices (ESD) often used in law enforcement, military action or self defense can induce total body uncoordinated muscular activity, also known as electromuscular incapacitation (EMI). During EMI the subject is unable to perform purposeful or coordinated movements. The mechanism of EMI induction has not been reported. but has been generally thought to be direct Muscle and nerve excitation from the fields generated by ESDs. To determine the neuromuscular mechanisms linking ESD to induction of EMI, we investigated EMI responses using ananesthetized pig model. We found that EMI responses to ESD application can best be Simulated by simultaneous Stimulation of motor and sensory peripheral nerves. We also found that application of local anesthetics limited the response of ESD to local muscle stimulation and abolished the total body EM I response. Stimulation of the pure sensory peripheral nerves or nerves that are primarily motor nerves induced muscle responses that are consistent with well defined spinal reflexes. These findings suggest that the mechanism of ESD-induced EMI is mediated by excitation Of multiple simultaneous spiral reflexes. Although direct motor-neuron stimulation in the region of ESD contact may significantly add to motor reactions from ESD stimulation, multiple spinal reflexes appear to be a major, and probably the dominant mechanism in observed motor response. Bioelectromagnetics 30:411-421, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss. Inc. C1 [Despa, Florin; Basati, Suki; Zhang, Zhen-Du; Bodnar, Elena N.; Lee, Raphael C.] Univ Chicago, Dept Surg, Elect Trauma Res Program, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [D'Andrea, John] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Brooks City Base, TX USA. [Reilly, J. Patrick] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA. RP Lee, RC (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Surg, Elect Trauma Res Program, 5841 S Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM r-lee@uchicago.edu NR 27 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0197-8462 J9 BIOELECTROMAGNETICS JI Bioelectromagnetics PD JUL PY 2009 VL 30 IS 5 BP 411 EP 421 DI 10.1002/bem.20489 PG 11 WC Biology; Biophysics SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics GA 461GQ UT WOS:000267253100010 PM 19353595 ER PT J AU Steed, CA Fitzpatrick, PJ Swan, JE Jankun-Kelly, TJ AF Steed, Chad A. Fitzpatrick, Patrick J. Swan, J. Edward, II Jankun-Kelly, T. J. TI Tropical Cyclone Trend Analysis Using Enhanced Parallel Coordinates and Statistical Analytics SO CARTOGRAPHY AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Workshop on Geospatial Visual Analytics held Inconjunction with the 5th International on GIScience CY SEP 23, 2008 CL Park City, UT ID VISUALIZATION AB This work presents, via an in-depth case study on how parallel coordinates coupled with statistical analysis can be used for more effective knowledge discovery and confirmation in complex, environmental data sets. Advanced visual interaction techniques such as dynamic axis scaling, conjunctive parallel coordinates, statistical indicators, and aerial perspective shading are combined into an interactive geovisual analytics system. Moreover, the system facilitates statistical processes such as stepwise regression and correlation analysis to assist in the identification and quantification of the most significant predictors for a particular dependent variable. Using a systematic workflow, this approach is demonstrated via a North Atlantic hurricane climate study in close collaboration with a domain expert. By revealing several important physical associations, the case study confirms that the visual analytics approach facilitates a deeper understanding of multidimensional climate data sets when compared to traditional techniques. C1 [Steed, Chad A.] USN, Mapping Charting & Geodesy Branch, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Fitzpatrick, Patrick J.] Mississippi State Univ, No Gulf Inst, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Swan, J. Edward, II; Jankun-Kelly, T. J.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Steed, CA (reprint author), USN, Mapping Charting & Geodesy Branch, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM csteed@acm.org; fitz@ngi.msstate.edu; swan@acm.org; tjk@acm.org OI Steed, Chad/0000-0002-3501-909X NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU CARTOGRAPHY & GEOGRAPHIC INFOR SOC PI GAITHERSBURG PA 6 MONTGOMERY VILLAGE AVE, STE 403, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20879 USA SN 1523-0406 J9 CARTOGR GEOGR INF SC JI Cartogr. Geogr. Inf. Sci. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 36 IS 3 BP 251 EP 265 PG 15 WC Geography SC Geography GA 497DB UT WOS:000270033500004 ER PT J AU Efroimsky, M Williams, JG AF Efroimsky, Michael Williams, James G. TI Tidal torques: a critical review of some techniques SO CELESTIAL MECHANICS & DYNAMICAL ASTRONOMY LA English DT Review DE Tides; Body tides; Bodily tides; Land tides; Tidal forces; Tidal torques; MacDonald torques; Libration; Natural satellites; Tidal despinning; Spin-orbit interaction; Spin-orbit coupling; Spin-orbit resonances ID CLOSE BINARY-SYSTEMS; EARTH-MOON SYSTEM; LUNAR ORBIT; EVOLUTION; FRICTION; DISSIPATION; INCLINATION; SATELLITES; EXOPLANETS; ROTATION AB We review some techniques employed in the studies of torques due to bodily tides, and explain why the MacDonald formula for the tidal torque is valid only in the zeroth order of the eccentricity divided by the quality factor, while its time-average is valid in the first order. As a result, the formula cannot be used for analysis in higher orders of e/Q. This necessitates some corrections in the current theory of tidal despinning and libration damping (though the qualitative conclusions of that theory may largely remain correct). We demonstrate that in the case when the inclinations are small and the phase lags of the tidal harmonics are proportional to the frequency, the Darwin-Kaula expansion is equivalent to a corrected version of the MacDonald method. The latter method rests on the assumption of existence of one total double bulge. The necessary correction to MacDonald's approach would be to assert (following Singer, Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc., 15: 205-226, 1968) that the phase lag of this integral bulge is not constant, but is proportional to the instantaneous synodal frequency (which is twice the difference between the evolution rates of the true anomaly and the sidereal angle). This equivalence of two descriptions becomes violated by a nonlinear dependence of the phase lag upon the tidal frequency. It remains unclear whether it is violated at higher inclinations. Another goal of our paper is to compare two derivations of a popular formula for the tidal despinning rate, and emphasise that both are strongly limited to the case of a vanishing inclination and a certain (sadly, unrealistic) law of frequency-dependence of the quality factor Q-the law that follows from the phase lag being proportional to frequency. One of the said derivations is based on the MacDonald torque, the other on the Darwin torque. Fortunately, the second approach is general enough to accommodate both a finite inclination and the actual rheology. We also address the rheological models with the Q factor scaling as the tidal frequency to a positive fractional power, and disprove the popular belief that these models introduce discontinuities into the equations and thus are unrealistic at low frequencies. Although such models indeed make the conventional expressions for the torque diverge at vanishing frequencies, the emerging infinities reveal not the impossible nature of one or another rheology, but a subtle flaw in the underlying mathematical model of friction. Flawed is the common misassumption that damping merely provides phase lags to the terms of the Fourier series for the tidal potential. A careful hydrodynamical treatment by Sir George Darwin (1879), with viscosity explicitly included, had demonstrated that the magnitudes of the terms, too, get changed-a fine detail later neglected as "irrelevant". Reinstating of this detail tames the fake infinities and rehabilitates the "impossible" scaling law (which happens to be the actual law the terrestrial planets obey at low frequencies). Finally, we explore the limitations of the popular formula interconnecting the quality factor and the phase lag. It turns out that, for low values of Q, the quality factor is no longer equal to the cotangent of the lag. C1 [Efroimsky, Michael] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. [Williams, James G.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Efroimsky, M (reprint author), USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. EM me@usno.navy.mil; james.g.williams@jpl.nasa.gov OI Efroimsky, Michael/0000-0003-1249-9622 NR 48 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0923-2958 EI 1572-9478 J9 CELEST MECH DYN ASTR JI Celest. Mech. Dyn. Astron. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 104 IS 3 BP 257 EP 289 DI 10.1007/s10569-009-9204-7 PG 33 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics GA 459LC UT WOS:000267102700003 ER PT J AU Bernstein, LH Zions, MY Haq, SA Zarich, S Rucinski, J Seamonds, B Berger, S Lesley, DY Fleischman, W Heitner, JF AF Bernstein, Larry H. Zions, Michael Y. Haq, Salman A. Zarich, Stuart Rucinski, James Seamonds, Bette Berger, Stanley Lesley, Daniel Y. Fleischman, William Heitner, John F. TI Effect of renal function loss on NT-proBNP level variations SO CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide; NT-proBNP; Cardiac troponin T; Transthoracic echocardiogram; Estimated glomerular filtration rate; Renal insufficiency; Congestive heart failure; CHF; Modification of Diet in Renal Disease; MDRD ID BRAIN NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE; GLOMERULAR-FILTRATION-RATE; CONGESTIVE-HEART-FAILURE; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; AMINO-TERMINAL PROBNP; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; PROGNOSTIC VALUE; CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS; EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT AB Objective: NT-proBNP level is used for the detection of acute CHF and as a predictor of survival. However, a number of factors, including renal function, may affect the NT-proBNP levels. This study aims to provide a more precise way of interpreting NT-proBNP levels based on GFR, independent of age. Methods: This study includes 247 pts in whom CHF and known confounders of elevated NT-proBNP were excluded, to show the relationship of GFR in association with age. The effect of cGFR on NT-proBNP level was adjusted by dividing 1000*log(NT-proBNP) by eGFR then further adjusting for age in order to determine a normalized NT-proBNP value. Results: The normalized NT-proBNP levels were affected by eGFR independent of the age of the patient. Conclusion: A normalizing function based on eGFR eliminates the need for an age-based reference ranges for NT-proBNP. (c) 2009 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Bernstein, Larry H.; Zions, Michael Y.] New York Methodist Hosp, Dept Pathol, Brooklyn, NY 11215 USA. [Haq, Salman A.; Heitner, John F.] New York Methodist Hosp, Dept Med, Cardiol Sect, Brooklyn, NY 11215 USA. [Zarich, Stuart] Bridgeport Hosp, Dept Med, Cardiol Sect, Bridgeport, CT USA. [Rucinski, James] New York Methodist Hosp, Dept Surg, New York, NY USA. [Seamonds, Bette] Mercy Fitzgerald Hosp Philadelphia, Dept Pathol, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Seamonds, Bette; Berger, Stanley] MHOP, Darby, PA USA. [Berger, Stanley] Mercy Fitzgerald Hosp Philadelphia, Dept Med, Cardiol Sect, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Lesley, Daniel Y.] USN, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Fleischman, William] SUNY Buffalo, Sch Med & Biomed Sci, Buffalo, NY USA. RP Bernstein, LH (reprint author), New York Methodist Hosp, Dept Pathol, 506 6th St, Brooklyn, NY 11215 USA. EM plbern@yahoo.com OI Fleischman, William/0000-0003-0163-821X NR 40 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0009-9120 J9 CLIN BIOCHEM JI Clin. Biochem. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 42 IS 10-11 BP 1091 EP 1098 DI 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2009.02.027 PG 8 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 461NN UT WOS:000267274300025 PM 19298805 ER PT J AU Offerman, SR Barry, JD Richardson, WH Tanen, DA Clark, RF AF Offerman, Steven R. Barry, J. David Richardson, William H. Tanen, David A. Clark, Richard F. TI Subcutaneous crotaline Fab administration in a model of rattlesnake envenomation In reply SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID PORCINE MODEL; PRESSURE C1 [Offerman, Steven R.] Calif Poison Control Syst, Kaiser Permanente S Sacramento, Sacramento, CA USA. [Barry, J. David] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Richardson, William H.] Palmetto Richland Mem Hosp, Palmetto Poison Ctr, Columbia, SC USA. [Tanen, David A.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Clark, Richard F.] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego Sch Med, Calif Poison Control Syst, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Offerman, SR (reprint author), Calif Poison Control Syst, Kaiser Permanente S Sacramento, Sacramento, CA USA. EM steve.offerman@gmail.com NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1556-3650 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 47 IS 6 BP 606 EP 606 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 478FE UT WOS:000268572400020 ER PT J AU Tang, HS Keen, TR Khanbilvardi, R AF Tang, H. S. Keen, T. R. Khanbilvardi, R. TI A model-coupling framework for nearshore waves, currents, sediment transport, and seabed morphology SO COMMUNICATIONS IN NONLINEAR SCIENCE AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE Wave; Current; Sediment transport; Seabed morphology; Model coupling ID SOURCE TERMS; BED; 2D; VALIDATION; EQUATIONS; UNSTEADY; SCHEME; FLOWS; WATER AB This paper presents a framework for synchronously coupling wave, current, sediment transport, and seabed morphology for the accurate simulation of multi-physics coastal ocean processes. The governing equations, which represent models that are commonly adopted in practical simulations, are discretized using finite-difference methods. The resulting system is validated against analytical solutions. In order to test the performance of the proposed framework and the numerical methods, dam-break flow over a mobile-bed and evolution of a wave-driven sand dune are simulated. The interactions among waves, currents, and seabed morphology are illustrated. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Tang, H. S.; Khanbilvardi, R.] CUNY City Coll, Dept Civil Eng, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Tang, H. S.; Keen, T. R.] Naval Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Tang, HS (reprint author), CUNY City Coll, Dept Civil Eng, 138th St & Convent Ave, New York, NY 10031 USA. EM htang@ce.ccny.cuny.edu; tim.keen@nrlssc.navy.mil; rk@ce.ccny.cuny.edu NR 35 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1007-5704 EI 1878-7274 J9 COMMUN NONLINEAR SCI JI Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simul. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 14 IS 7 BP 2935 EP 2947 DI 10.1016/j.cnsns.2008.10.012 PG 13 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA 418KP UT WOS:000264147400012 ER PT J AU Steed, CA Fitzpatrick, PJ Jankun-Kelly, TJ Yancey, AN Swan, JE AF Steed, Chad A. Fitzpatrick, Patrick J. Jankun-Kelly, T. J. Yancey, Amber N. Swan, J. Edward, II TI An interactive parallel coordinates technique applied to a tropical cyclone climate analysis SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Parallel coordinates; Hurricane; Climate study; Multivariate information visualization; Geovisualization ID VISUALIZATION AB A highly interactive visual analysis system is presented that is based on an enhanced variant of parallel coordinates - a multivariate information visualization technique. The system combines many variations of previously described visual interaction techniques such as dynamic axis scaling, conjunctive visual queries, statistical indicators, and aerial perspective shading. The system capabilities are demonstrated on a hurricane climate data set. This climate study corroborates the notion that enhanced visual analysis with parallel coordinates provides a deeper understanding when used in conjunction with traditional multiple regression analysis. (C) Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Steed, Chad A.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Jankun-Kelly, T. J.; Swan, J. Edward, II] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Fitzpatrick, Patrick J.] Mississippi State Univ, No Gulf Inst, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Yancey, Amber N.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Mississippi State, MS USA. RP Steed, CA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 1005 Balch Blvd, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. EM chad.steed@nrlssc.navy.mil; fitz@ngi.msstate.edu; tjk@acm.org; anb130@msstate.edu; swan@acm.org OI Steed, Chad/0000-0002-3501-909X FU Naval Research Laboratory's Long-Term Training Program; National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) [NA060AR4600181, NA050AR4601145]; Northern Gulf Institute [NA060AR4320264] FX This research is sponsored by the Naval Research Laboratory's Long-Term Training Program, by the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) with Grants NA060AR4600181 and NA050AR4601145, and through the Northern Gulf Institute funded by Grant NA060AR4320264. This particular project was initiated in the Information Visualization course taught at Mississippi State University by Dr. T.J. Jankun-Kelly. The authors wish to thank Dr. Phil Klotzbach of Colorado State University's Tropical Meteorology Project for providing the Atlantic tropical cyclone data set. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-3004 EI 1873-7803 J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK JI Comput. Geosci. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 35 IS 7 BP 1529 EP 1539 DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2008.11.004 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Geology GA 470JH UT WOS:000267970500018 ER PT J AU Boyd, DA Sperling, LC Norton, SA AF Boyd, David A. Sperling, Leonard C. Norton, Scott A. TI Eczema Herpeticum and Clinical Criteria for Investigating Smallpox SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID DEFINITIONS; HYPOTHERMIA; ALGORITHM; SEPSIS AB Eczema herpeticum can clinically resemble smallpox. On the basis of the algorithm for rapid evaluation of patients with an acute generalized vesiculopustular rash illness, a patient met criteria for high risk for smallpox. The Tzanck preparation was critical for rapid diagnosis of herpetic infection and exclusion of smallpox. C1 [Boyd, David A.] USN Hosp, Dept Dermatol, Jacksonville, FL 32214 USA. [Sperling, Leonard C.; Norton, Scott A.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Boyd, DA (reprint author), USN Hosp, Dept Dermatol, 2080 Child St, Jacksonville, FL 32214 USA. EM s2d2boyd@yahoo.com NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2009 VL 15 IS 7 BP 1102 EP 1104 DI 10.3201/eid1507.090093 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 467GK UT WOS:000267726100018 PM 19624930 ER PT J AU Murphy, SM Agrawal, H Sorooshian, A Padro, LT Gates, H Hersey, S Welch, WA Jung, H Miller, JW Cocker, DR Nenes, A Jonsson, HH Flagan, RC Seinfeld, JH AF Murphy, Shane M. Agrawal, Harshit Sorooshian, Armin Padro, Luz T. Gates, Harmony Hersey, Scott Welch, W. A. Jung, H. Miller, J. W. Cocker, David R., III Nenes, Athanasios Jonsson, Haflidi H. Flagan, Richard C. Seinfeld, John H. TI Comprehensive Simultaneous Shipboard and Airborne Characterization of Exhaust from a Modern Container Ship at Sea SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HYGROSCOPIC GROWTH MEASUREMENTS; AEROSOL MASS-SPECTROMETER; PARTICLE CRITICAL SUPERSATURATION; PARTICULATE MATTER; ORGANIC AEROSOLS; HUMIDIFIED TDMA; DIESEL-ENGINES; EMISSION RATES; OCEAN; PACIFIC AB We report the first joint shipboard and airborne study focused on the chemical composition and water-uptake behavior of particulate ship emissions, The study focuses on emissions from the main propulsion engine of a Post-Panamax class container ship cruising off the central coast of California and burning heavy fuel oil. Shipboard sampling included micro-orifice uniform deposit impactors (MOUDI) with subsequent offline analysis, whereas airborne measurements involved a number of real-time analyzers to characterize the plume aerosol, aged from a few seconds to over an hour. The mass ratio of particulate organic carbon to sulfate at the base of the ship stack was 0.23 +/- 0.03, and increased to 0.30 +/- 0.01 in the airborne exhaust plume, with the additional organic mass in the airborne plume being concentrated largely in particles below 100 nm in diameter, The organic to sulfate mass ratio in the exhaust aerosol remained constant during the first hour of plume dilution into the marine boundary layer. The mass spectrum of the organic fraction of the exhaust aerosol strongly resembles that of emissions from other diesel sources and appears to be predominantly hydrocarbon-like organic (HOA) material, Background aerosol which, based on air mass back trajectories, probably consisted of aged ship emissions and marine aerosol, contained a lower organic mass fraction than the fresh plume and had a much more oxidized organic component A volume-weighted mixing rule is able to accurately predict hygroscopic growth factors in the background aerosol but measured and calculated growth factors do not agree for aerosols in the ship exhaust plume. Calculated CCN concentrations, at supersaturations ranging from 0.1 to 0.33%, agree well with measurements in the ship-exhaust plume. Using size-resolved chemical composition instead of bulk submicrometer composition has little effect on the predicted CCN concentrations because the cutoff diameter for CCN activation is larger than the diameter where the mass fraction of organic aerosol begins to increase significantly. The particle number emission factor estimated from this study is 1.3 x 10(16) (kg fuel)(-1), with less than 1/10 of the particles having diameters above 100 nm; 24% of particles (> 10 nm in diameter) activate into cloud droplets at 0.3% supersaturation. C1 [Murphy, Shane M.; Sorooshian, Armin; Gates, Harmony; Flagan, Richard C.; Seinfeld, John H.] CALTECH, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Murphy, Shane M.; Sorooshian, Armin; Gates, Harmony; Flagan, Richard C.; Seinfeld, John H.] CALTECH, Dept Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Chem, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Padro, Luz T.; Jung, H.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Mech Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Coll Engn, Ctr Environm Res & Technol, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Nenes, Athanasios] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Nenes, Athanasios] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Jonsson, Haflidi H.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Ctr Interdisciplinary Remotely Piloted Aircraft S, Monterey, CA 93933 USA. RP Seinfeld, JH (reprint author), CALTECH, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM seinfeld@caltech.edu RI Cocker, David/F-4442-2010; OI Cocker, David/0000-0002-0586-0769; Jung, Heejung/0000-0003-0366-7284; Sorooshian, Armin/0000-0002-2243-2264 FU Office of Naval Research; CARB; NASA Earth and Space Sciences Fellowship; NASA Radiation Science Program; NSF CAREER FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research and CARB. S.M.M. and L.T.P. acknowledge support from the NASA Earth and Space Sciences Fellowship. A.N. acknowledges Support from the NASA Radiation Science Program and an NSF CAREER. We gratefully acknowledge the NOAA Air Resources Laboratory (ARL) for the provision of the HYSPLIT transport and dispersion model. We acre grateful to the ship crew and the shipping company, and the analytical support of Ms. Kathy Cocker, and Ms. Varalakshmi Jayaram. NR 53 TC 89 Z9 90 U1 3 U2 41 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 1 PY 2009 VL 43 IS 13 BP 4626 EP 4640 DI 10.1021/es802413j PG 15 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 463ME UT WOS:000267435500006 PM 19673244 ER PT J AU Garcia-Frutos, EM de la Torre, G Vazquez, P Shirk, JS Torres, T AF Garcia-Frutos, Eva M. de la Torre, Gema Vazquez, Purificacion Shirk, James S. Torres, Tomas TI Synthesis and Optical Properties of Regioisomerically Pure Alkynyl-Bridged Bis(phthalocyanines) SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Phthalocyanines; Lead complexes; Optical limiting; Stille reaction ID PHOTOINDUCED ELECTRON-TRANSFER; PHTHALOCYANINE-FULLERENE ENSEMBLES; REVERSE SATURABLE ABSORPTION; ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS; WALL CARBON NANOTUBES; PHOTOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; ZINC PHTHALOCYANINE; BISPHTHALOCYANINATO COMPLEXES; TRINUCLEAR PHTHALOCYANINES; BINUCLEAR PHTHALOCYANINES AB Pb(II) ethynyl- and butadiynyl-bridged bis(phthalocyaninates) 1a-d, peripherally functionalized with n-butoxy moieties, have been synthesized by using Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling methodologies. Preliminary open-aperture Z-scan experiments with nanosecond pulses at 550 run on solutions of Pb(II) bis(phthalocyaninates) 1b and 1d show strong reduction of the transmission at high intensities, although an irreversible optical behaviour is observed at the experimental time scale. ((C) Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009) C1 [Garcia-Frutos, Eva M.; de la Torre, Gema; Vazquez, Purificacion; Torres, Tomas] Univ Autonoma Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Shirk, James S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Vazquez, P (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. EM tomas.torres@uam.es RI Torres, Tomas/H-9796-2014; Vazquez, Purificacion/K-1328-2014; Garcia Frutos, Eva /K-9080-2015 OI Torres, Tomas/0000-0001-9335-6935; Garcia Frutos, Eva /0000-0001-6270-1126 FU Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia (MEC) [CTQ2008-00418/BQU]; CONSOLIDER-INGENIO [2010]; NANOCIENCIA [MOLECULAR-CSD2007-00010]; ESFMEC [MAT2006-28180-E]; Comunidad de Madrid [S-0505/PPQ/000225] FX This work has been supported by Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia (MEC) (CTQ2008-00418/BQU, CONSOLIDER-INGENIO 2010, NANOCIENCIA MOLECULAR-CSD2007-00010, ESFMEC MAT2006-28180-E, SOHYDS), and Comunidad de Madrid (S-0505/PPQ/000225). NR 93 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 13 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1434-193X J9 EUR J ORG CHEM JI Eur. J. Org. Chem. PD JUL PY 2009 IS 19 BP 3212 EP 3218 DI 10.1002/ejoc.200900147 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 465LH UT WOS:000267585600017 ER PT J AU Hawkins, JA Warn-Varnas, A AF Hawkins, J. A. Warn-Varnas, A. TI Internal gravity waves in the Strait of Luzon: Dispersion studies using Fourier and continuous wavelet transforms SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS LA English DT Article AB Investigation of the dynamics of internal gravity waves often includes the interrelationship between wave amplitudes, wave speeds, and wavelengths. These relationships are commonly thought of as dispersion relations. Because internal gravity waves are the result of nonlinear dynamics dispersion relations are a challenge to obtain in a quantitative sense. Model data for internal gravity waves in the Strait of Luzon are examined using Fourier and continuous wavelet transforms. Dispersion is qualitatively evident in the results and the investigation is extended to include quantitative assessment of the dispersion. The results are compared to results from Korteweg D'Vries theory. Good agreement is obtained for dispersion estimates using wavelet analysis and those from KdV theory. C1 [Hawkins, J. A.] Planning Syst Inc, Slidell, LA 70458 USA. [Warn-Varnas, A.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis, MS USA. RP Hawkins, JA (reprint author), Planning Syst Inc, Slidell, LA 70458 USA. EM jhawkins@plansys.com NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1951-6355 J9 EUR PHYS J-SPEC TOP JI Eur. Phys. J.-Spec. Top. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 174 BP 227 EP 236 DI 10.1140/epjst/e2009-01103-x PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 474TU UT WOS:000268307900018 ER PT J AU Culora, T Erickson, A AF Culora, Thomas Erickson, Andrew TI ARMS AND INFLUENCE AT SEA SO FOREIGN AFFAIRS LA English DT Letter C1 [Culora, Thomas] USN, War Coll, Warfare Anal & Res Dept, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Erickson, Andrew] USN, War Coll, China Maritime Studies Inst, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. RP Culora, T (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Warfare Anal & Res Dept, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COUNC FOREIGN RELAT INC PI NEW YORK PA 58 E 68TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0015-7120 J9 FOREIGN AFF JI Foreign Aff. PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 88 IS 4 BP 164 EP 165 PG 2 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA 462KD UT WOS:000267350400016 ER PT J AU Raffray, AR Robson, AE Sethian, J Gentile, C Marriott, E Rose, D Sawan, M AF Raffray, A. R. Robson, A. E. Sethian, J. Gentile, C. Marriott, E. Rose, D. Sawan, M. CA HAPL Team TI LASER IFE DIRECT DRIVE CHAMBER CONCEPTS WITH MAGNETIC INTERVENTION SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th American-Nuclear-Society Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy CY SEP 28-OCT 02, 2008 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, NO California Sect, Amer Nucl Soc, Fusion Energy Div, Atom Energy Soc Japan, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab ID WALL; PLANT AB The High Average Power Laser (HAPL) program is focusing on the development of laser IFE power plants based on lasers, direct-drive targets and dry wall chambers. One key issue is the survival of the chamber wall under the ion threat spectra (representing similar to 25% of the yield energy). The possibility of steering the ions away from the chamber to specially-designed dump chambers using magnetic intervention is being investigated. This brings up the intriguing possibility of utilizing a liquid wall to accommodate the ion fluxes in the dump chamber provided the right measures are taken to prevent the liquid from contaminating the main chamber. This paper covers the initial assessment of different magnetic configurations for a laser IFE chamber. Their key characteristics are described; results of the supporting design analyses are summarized; and the major findings and issues are highlighted. C1 [Raffray, A. R.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Robson, A. E.; Sethian, J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Gentile, C.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Marriott, E.; Sawan, M.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Rose, D.] Voss Sci LLC, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. RP Raffray, AR (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM rraffray@ucsd.edu; aerobson@earthlink.net; john.sethian@nrl.navy.mil; cgentile@pppl.gov; david.rose@vosssci.com; sawan@engr.wisc.edu NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 56 IS 1 BP 333 EP 340 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 464ZF UT WOS:000267549000058 ER PT J AU Burns, PM Myers, M Sethian, JD Wolford, MF Giuliani, JL Lehmberg, RH Friedman, M Hegeler, F Jaynes, R Abdel-Khalik, S Sadowski, D Schoonover, K AF Burns, P. M. Myers, M. Sethian, J. D. Wolford, M. F. Giuliani, J. L. Lehmberg, R. H. Friedman, M. Hegeler, F. Jaynes, R. Abdel-Khalik, S. Sadowski, D. Schoonover, K. TI ELECTRA: AN ELECTRON BEAM PUMPED KrF REP-RATE LASER SYSTEM FOR INERTIAL FUSION ENERGY SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th American-Nuclear-Society Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy CY SEP 28-OCT 02, 2008 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, NO California Sect, Amer Nucl Soc, Fusion Energy Div, Atom Energy Soc Japan, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab ID EXTRACTION; AMPLIFIER; POWER AB Electra is a high average power KrF laser system at the Naval Research Laboratory funded under the HAPL program. The goal of Electra is to develop the laser driver technologies needed for an inertial fusion energy power plant. When run in an oscillator configuration the 500 kV, 100 kA e-beam pumped main amplifier produces 730 J with a 100 ns pulse width at 248 nm. KrF lasers have been shown to have intrinsic efficiencies of 12% leading to a projected wall plug efficiency of >7% for an IFE system with demonstrated improvements in laser physics and pulse power technologies. As an oscillator the Electra main amplifier has run continuously at 1 Hz, 2.5 Hz, and 5 Hz for multi-thousand shot runs. This paper will discuss recent results from Electra including operation as a complete laser amplifier system, first demonstration of a new method to efficiently cool the hibachi foil with indications of a reduced penalty in laser uniformity, and design modifications to increase durability. C1 [Burns, P. M.; Lehmberg, R. H.] Res Support Instruments, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Myers, M.; Sethian, J. D.; Wolford, M. F.; Giuliani, J. L.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Jaynes, R.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. [Friedman, M.; Hegeler, F.] Commonwealth Technol Inc, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. [Abdel-Khalik, S.; Sadowski, D.; Schoonover, K.] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Burns, PM (reprint author), Res Support Instruments, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. EM patrick.burns@nrl.navy.mil RI Wolford, Matthew/D-5834-2013 OI Wolford, Matthew/0000-0002-8624-1336 NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 56 IS 1 BP 346 EP 351 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 464ZF UT WOS:000267549000060 ER PT J AU Schmitt, AJ Bates, JW Obenschain, SR Zalesak, ST Fyfe, DE Betti, R AF Schmitt, Andrew J. Bates, J. W. Obenschain, S. R. Zalesak, S. T. Fyfe, D. E. Betti, R. TI DIRECT DRIVE FUSION ENERGY SHOCK IGNITION DESIGNS FOR SUB-MJ LASERS SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th American-Nuclear-Society Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy CY SEP 28-OCT 02, 2008 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, NO California Sect, Amer Nucl Soc, Fusion Energy Div, Atom Energy Soc Japan, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab ID TARGETS AB New approaches in target design have increased the possibility that useful fusion power can be generated with sub-MJ lasers. We have performed many 1D and 2D simulations that examine the characteristics of target designs for sub-MJ lasers. These designs use the recently-proposed shock-ignition target scheme, which utilizes a separate high-intensity pulse to induce ignition. A promising feature of these designs is their significantly higher gains at lower energies (one dimensional (1D) gain similar to 100 at E(laser) similar to 250kJ) than can be expected for the conventional central ignition scheme. The results of these simulations are shown and we discuss the implications for target fabrication and laser design. Of particular interest are the constraints on the target and laser from asymmetries due to target imperfections and laser imprint. C1 [Schmitt, Andrew J.; Bates, J. W.; Obenschain, S. R.; Zalesak, S. T.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fyfe, D. E.] USN, Res Lab, LCP&FD, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Betti, R.] Univ Rochester, Fus Sci Ctr, Rochester, NY USA. [Betti, R.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY USA. RP Schmitt, AJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM andrew.schmitt@nrl.navy.mil NR 19 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 56 IS 1 BP 377 EP 383 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 464ZF UT WOS:000267549000064 ER PT J AU Aoyama, A Blanchard, J Sethian, J Ghoniem, N Sharafat, S AF Aoyama, Aaron Blanchard, James Sethian, John Ghoniem, Nasr Sharafat, Shahram TI THERMO-MECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF THE HIBACHI FOIL FOR THE ELECTRA LASER SYSTEM SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th American-Nuclear-Society Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy CY SEP 28-OCT 02, 2008 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, NO California Sect, Amer Nucl Soc, Fusion Energy Div, Atom Energy Soc Japan, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab AB In support of the High Average Power Laser (HAPL) project the Electra Laser, a KrF Gas Laser system is being developed at NRL. The laser uses high voltage (500 - 800 keV), high current (100 - 500 kA), short pulse (100 - 600 ns) electron beams to pump the 0.14 MPa (20 psi) pressurized KrF gas cell, which is separated from the vacuum region by a 25 mu m-thick stainless steel foil, the Hibachi Foil. The foil is made of SUS304, operates between 180 degrees C and 450 degrees C, and has typical dimensions of about 0.3 m x 1.0 m. The laser pulses at up to 5 Hz, and the foil is subjected to repetitive thermal and mechanical stresses. In typical experiments, the foil lasts 1000 - 20,000 shots before suffering a catastrophic failure. In an attempt to improve foil performance a variety of design modifications are being considered along with changes in foil material. Earlier Hibachi foil designs used flat foils resting on 0.3 m long square water-cooled supporting ribs (1 cm wide). There is a 3.4 cm gap between ribs. Advanced Hibachi foil concepts are under development using a scalloped foil design. In this paper we report on the comparative thermo-mechanical analysis between flat and scalloped foil geometries. It is demonstrated that the scalloped design reduces stresses to within yield limits of the stainless steel material. C1 [Aoyama, Aaron; Ghoniem, Nasr; Sharafat, Shahram] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Blanchard, James] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Sethian, John] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Aoyama, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM takeo556@gmail.com NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 56 IS 1 BP 435 EP 440 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 464ZF UT WOS:000267549000074 ER PT J AU Lu, B Abdel-Khalik, SI Sadowski, DL Schoonover, KG Hegeler, F Burns, PM Sethian, JD AF Lu, B. Abdel-Khalik, S. I. Sadowski, D. L. Schoonover, K. G. Hegeler, F. Burns, P. M. Sethian, J. D. TI ELECTRA KrF LASER HIBACHI FOIL COOLING WITH NEAR-WALL JETS SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th American-Nuclear-Society Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy CY SEP 28-OCT 02, 2008 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Nucl Soc, NO California Sect, Amer Nucl Soc, Fusion Energy Div, Atom Energy Soc Japan, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab ID FUSION ENERGY; MASS-TRANSFER; HEAT AB Active cooling of the transmission foil separating the vacuum diodes from the laser cell in the Electra KrF Laser is necessary to prevent its failure under repetitively pulsed (5Hz) operating conditions. This paper investigates the effectiveness of forced convection cooling using near-wall jets as a means of protecting the foil. Two different near-wall jet configurations are examined The first one uses a planar, 1mm-thick, high-speed jet flowing parallel to the laser gas stream along the entire width of the hibachi foil structure. The second one uses small, 0.8mm-diameter circular jets positioned in staggered locations, 12.7mm apart, along the similar to 30cm height of each of the 24 hibachi rib spans with flow perpendicular to the laser gas stream. Bench-top experiments simulating a single 3.4cm x 30cm foil span between two neighboring ribs have been conducted For both jet configurations, experiments have been performed at different jet velocities and heat inputs. The goal of these experiments is to demonstrate quantitatively that near-wall jets can effectively cool the Electra hibachi foil under prototypical pulsed operating conditions without adverse impact on beam quality or laser efficiency. Preliminary tests with a full-size hibachi on Electra have shown this to be true. C1 [Lu, B.; Abdel-Khalik, S. I.; Sadowski, D. L.; Schoonover, K. G.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Hegeler, F.; Burns, P. M.; Sethian, J. D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lu, B (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM said.abdelkhalik@me.gatech.edu RI Lyu, Bo/G-6627-2011 OI Lyu, Bo/0000-0002-3916-6230 NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 1536-1055 J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL JI Fusion Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 56 IS 1 BP 441 EP 445 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 464ZF UT WOS:000267549000075 ER PT J AU De Gregorio, BT Sharp, TG Flynn, GJ Wirick, S Hervig, RL AF De Gregorio, Bradley T. Sharp, Thomas G. Flynn, George J. Wirick, Sue Hervig, Richard L. TI Biogenic origin for Earth's oldest putative microfossils SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HYDROTHERMAL CONDITIONS; ORGANIC-MOLECULES; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; ABIOTIC SYNTHESIS; PILBARA CRATON; APEX CHERT; CARBON; LIFE; HYDROCARBONS; SPECTROSCOPY AB Carbonaceous microbe-like features preserved within a local chert unit of the 3.5 Ga old Apex Basalt in Western Australia may represent some of the oldest evidence of life on Earth. However, the biogenicity of these putative microfossils has been called into question, primarily because the sample collection locality is a black, carbon-rich, brecciated chert dike representing an Archean submarine hydrothermal spring, suggesting a formation via an abiotic organic synthesis mechanism. Here we describe the macromolecular hydrocarbon structure, carbon bonding, functional group chemistry, and biotic element abundance of carbonaceous matter associated with these filamentous features. These characteristics are similar to those of biogenic kerogen from the ca. 1.9 Ga old Gunflint Formation. Although an abiotic origin cannot be entirely ruled out, it is unlikely that known abiotic synthesis mechanisms could recreate both the structural and compositional complexity of this ancient carbonaceous matter. Thus, we find that a biogenic origin for this material is more likely, implying that the Apex microbe-like features represent authentic biogenic organic matter. C1 [De Gregorio, Bradley T.; Sharp, Thomas G.; Hervig, Richard L.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Flynn, George J.] SUNY Coll Plattsburgh, Dept Phys, Plattsburgh, NY 12901 USA. [Wirick, Sue] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP De Gregorio, BT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6366, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brad.degregorio@gmail.com RI De Gregorio, Bradley/B-8465-2008 OI De Gregorio, Bradley/0000-0001-9096-3545 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NCC21051, NNG04GN51H] FX We thank L. P. Knauth for Apex and Gunfl int chert samples and P. R. Buseck for use of the ultramicrotome. All electron microscopy was conducted at the LeRoy Eyring Center for Solid State Science at Arizona State University, and synchrotron analyses were performed at the National Synchrotron Light Source at Brookhaven National Laboratory (U.S. Department of Energy). This work was funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Astrobiology Institute (NCC21051) and the NASA Graduate Student Researchers Program (NNG04GN51H). NR 34 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 3 U2 23 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 0091-7613 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD JUL PY 2009 VL 37 IS 7 BP 631 EP 634 DI 10.1130/G25683A.1 PG 4 WC Geology SC Geology GA 462WY UT WOS:000267390100013 ER PT J AU Sternlicht, DD Hagen, PE AF Sternlicht, Daniel D. Hagen, Per Espen TI Special Issue on Synthetic Aperture Sonar SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Sternlicht, Daniel D.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Sci & Technol Directorate, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. [Hagen, Per Espen] AUV Dept, N-3194 Kongsberg Maritime, Horten, Norway. RP Sternlicht, DD (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Sci & Technol Directorate, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 34 IS 3 BP 205 EP 206 DI 10.1109/JOE.2009.2027394 PG 2 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 480SG UT WOS:000268756500001 ER PT J AU Cook, DA Brown, DC AF Cook, Daniel A. Brown, Daniel C. TI Analysis of Phase Error Effects on Stripmap SAS SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Motion compensation; motion estimation; phase error; spotlight; stripmap; synthetic aperture; synthetic aperture radar (SAR); synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) ID SYNTHETIC-APERTURE SONAR; AIRBORNE SAR; MOTION COMPENSATION; ACCURACY; RADAR AB It is often of interest to consider how uncompensated platform motion can degrade the ideal point scatterer response (PSR) of a synthetic aperture sonar (SAS). This information can be used to shape the design of the sonar itself as well as that of the platform carrying it. Also, knowledge of how certain types of motion affect a SAS image can reduce the time spent in troubleshooting motion estimation and compensation schemes. In the field of spotlight-mode synthetic aperture radar (SAR), the effects of phase errors across the synthetic aperture are well documented (for example, Chapter 5 of Carrara et al., 1995). The counterpart problem for the stripmap mode is less well developed in the literature. This paper explores the effects of uncompensated phase errors on stripmap imagery and shows that, under certain conditions, they are similar to those for spotlight mode processing. C1 [Cook, Daniel A.; Brown, Daniel C.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Code HS11, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. RP Cook, DA (reprint author), Georgia Tech Res Inst, Sensors & Electromagnet Applicat Lab, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM daniel.a.cook@gmail.com NR 24 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 34 IS 3 BP 250 EP 261 DI 10.1109/JOE.2007.907935 PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 480SG UT WOS:000268756500005 ER PT J AU Yoon, H Agrawal, BN AF Yoon, Hyungjoo Agrawal, Brij N. TI Adaptive Control of Uncertain Hamiltonian Multi-Input Multi-Output Systems: With Application to Spacecraft Control SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONTROL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Actuator uncertainty; adaptive control; Hamiltonian system; multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system control; smooth projection algorithm; spacecraft attitude control ID ATTITUDE-CONTROL; TRACKING CONTROL; POWER TRACKING AB A novel adaptive tracking control law for nonlinear Hamiltonian multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) systems with uncertain parameters in the actuator modeling as well as the inertia and/or the Coriolis and centrifugal terms is developed. The physical properties of the Hamiltonian systems are effectively used in the control design and the stability analysis. The number of the parameter estimates is significantly lowered as compared to the conventional adaptive control methods which are based on the state-space form. The developed control scheme is applied for attitude control of a spacecraft with both the inertia and the actuator uncertainties, and numerical examples show that the controller successfully deals with the unknown inertia/actuator parameters. C1 [Yoon, Hyungjoo; Agrawal, Brij N.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Yoon, H (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM drake.yoon@gmail.com; agrawal@nps.edu NR 20 TC 30 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1063-6536 J9 IEEE T CONTR SYST T JI IEEE Trans. Control Syst. Technol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 17 IS 4 BP 900 EP 906 DI 10.1109/TCST.2008.2011888 PG 7 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA 463MI UT WOS:000267435900017 ER PT J AU Yang, JH Mao, ZH Tijerina, L Pilutti, T Coughlin, JF Feron, E AF Yang, Ji Hyun Mao, Zhi-Hong Tijerina, Louis Pilutti, Tom Coughlin, Joseph F. Feron, Eric TI Detection of Driver Fatigue Caused by Sleep Deprivation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS PART A-SYSTEMS AND HUMANS LA English DT Article DE Bayesian networks (BNs); camouflage; drowsy driving; sleep deprivation; stimulus-response tasks; tracking tasks AB This paper aims to provide reliable indications of driver drowsiness based on the characteristics of driver-vehicle interaction. A test bed was built under a simulated driving environment, and a total of 12 subjects participated in two experiment sessions requiring different levels of sleep (partial sleep-deprivation versus no sleep-deprivation) before the experiment. The performance of the subjects was analyzed in a series of stimulus-response and routine driving tasks, which revealed the performance differences of drivers under different sleep-deprivation levels. The experiments further demonstrated that sleep deprivation had greater effect on rule-based than on skill-based cognitive functions: when drivers were sleep-deprived, their performance of responding to unexpected disturbances degraded, while they were robust enough to continue the routine driving tasks such as lane tracking, vehicle following, and lane changing. In addition, we presented both qualitative and quantitative guidelines for designing drowsy-driver detection systems in a probabilistic framework based on the paradigm of Bayesian networks. Temporal aspects of drowsiness and individual differences of subjects were addressed in the framework. C1 [Yang, Ji Hyun] USN, Postgrad Sch, Human Syst Integrat Lab, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Mao, Zhi-Hong] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Mao, Zhi-Hong] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Bioengn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Tijerina, Louis; Pilutti, Tom] Ford Motor Co, Dearborn, MI 48126 USA. [Coughlin, Joseph F.] MIT, Age Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Coughlin, Joseph F.] Univ New England, Transportat Ctr, Ctr Transportat & Logist, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Feron, Eric] Georgia Inst Technol, Daniel Guggenheim Sch Aerosp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Yang, JH (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Human Syst Integrat Lab, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jyan1@nps.edu; maozh@engr.pitt.edu; ltijeri1@ford.com; tpilutti@ford.com; coughlin@mit.edu; feron@gatech.edu FU Ford/Massachusetts Institute of Technology Alliance Program; U.S. Department of Transportation; New England University Transportation Center FX This work was supported in part by the Ford/Massachusetts Institute of Technology Alliance Program, by the U.S. Department of Transportation, and by the New England University Transportation Center. NR 35 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 4 U2 22 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1083-4427 J9 IEEE T SYST MAN CY A JI IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Paart A-Syst. Hum. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 39 IS 4 BP 694 EP 705 DI 10.1109/TSMCA.2009.2018634 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 463LQ UT WOS:000267434100001 ER PT J AU Waters, ZJ Dzikowicz, BR Holt, RG Roy, RA AF Waters, Zachary J. Dzikowicz, Benjamin R. Holt, R. Glynn Roy, Ronald A. TI Sensing a Buried Resonant Object by Single-Channel Time Reversal SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article ID ACOUSTIC SCATTERING; SPHERICAL-SHELL; LAMB WAVE; OPERATOR; WATER; DECOMPOSITION; MIRROR; ECHOES; OCEAN AB Scaled laboratory experiments are conducted to assess the efficacy of iterative, single-channel time reversal for enhancement of monostatic returns from resonant spheres in the free field and buried in a sediment phantom. Experiments are performed in a water tank using a broad-band piston transducer operating between 0.4 and 1.5 MHz and calibrated using free surface reflections. Solid and hollow metallic spheres, 6.35 mm in diameter, are buried in a consolidation of 128-mu m-mean-diameter spherical glass beads. The procedure consists of exciting the target object with a broadband pulse, sampling the return using a finite time window, reversing the signal in time, and using this reversed signal as the source waveform for the next interrogation. Results indicate that the spectrum of the returns rapidly converges to the dominant mode in the backscattering response of the target. Signal-to-noise enhancement of the target echo is demonstrated for a target at several burial depths. Images generated by scanning the transducer over the location of multiple buried targets demonstrate the ability of the technique to distinguish between targets of differing type and to yield an enhancement of different modes within the response of a single target as a function of transducer position and processing bandwidth. C1 [Waters, Zachary J.; Holt, R. Glynn; Roy, Ronald A.] Boston Univ, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Dzikowicz, Benjamin R.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Panama City Div, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. RP Waters, ZJ (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM zjwaters@bu.edu RI Holt, Ray/G-5677-2010; OI Roy, Ronald/0000-0001-6394-5667 FU Office of Naval Research [N000140610044]; Center for Subsurface Sensing and Imaging Systems (NSF ERC Award) [EEC-9986821] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (Award No. N000140610044) and the Center for Subsurface Sensing and Imaging Systems (NSF ERC Award No. EEC-9986821). NR 36 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD JUL PY 2009 VL 56 IS 7 BP 1429 EP 1441 DI 10.1109/TUFFC.2009.1198 PG 13 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 460WN UT WOS:000267222400019 PM 19574153 ER PT J AU Dougherty, AL Mohrle, CR Galarneau, MR Woodruff, SI Dye, JL Quinn, KH AF Dougherty, Amber L. Mohrle, Charlene R. Galarneau, Michael R. Woodruff, Susan I. Dye, Judy L. Quinn, Kimberly H. TI Battlefield extremity injuries in Operation Iraqi Freedom SO INJURY-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE CARE OF THE INJURED LA English DT Article DE Extremity injury; Combat casualty; Severity; Military; Operation Iraqi Freedom ID COMBAT TRAUMA REGISTRY; NECK INJURIES; UNITED-STATES; EXPERIENCE; CASUALTIES; ARMY; HEAD AB Objective: Extremity injuries account for the majority of wounds incurred during US armed conflicts. Information regarding the severity and short-term outcomes of patients with extremity wounds, however, is limited. The aim of the present study was to describe patients with battlefield extremity injuries in Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and to compare characteristics of extremity injury patients with other combat wounded. Patients and methods: Data were obtained from the United States Navy-Marine Corps Combat Trauma Registry (CTR) for patients who received treatment for combat wounds at Navy-Marine Corps facilities in Iraq between September 2004 and February 2005. Battlefield extremity injuries were classified according to type, location, and severity: patient demographic, injury-specific, and short-term outcome data were analysed. Upper and lower extremity injuries were also compared. Results: A total of 935 combat wounded patients were identified; 665 (71%) sustained extremity injury. Overall, multiple wounding was common (an average of 3 wounds per patient), though more prevalent amongst patients with extremity injury than those with other injury (75% vs. 56%, P < .001). Amongst the 665 extremity injury patients, 261 (39%) sustained injury to the upper extremities, 223 (34%) to the lower extremities, and 181 (27%) to both the upper and lower extremities. Though the total number of patients with upper extremity injury was higher than lower extremity injury, the total number of extremity wounds (n = 1654) was evenly distributed amongst the upper and lower extremities (827 and 827 wounds, respectively). Further, lower extremity injuries were more likely than the upper extremity injuries to be coded as serious to fatal (AIS > 2, P < .001). Conclusions: Extremity injuries continue to account for the majority of combat wounds. Compared with other conflicts, OIF has seen increased prevalence of patients with upper extremity injuries. Wounds to the lower extremities, however, are more serious. Further research on the risks and outcomes associated with extremity injury is necessary to enhance the planning and delivery of combat casualty medical care. (c) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Dougherty, Amber L.; Mohrle, Charlene R.; Woodruff, Susan I.; Dye, Judy L.; Quinn, Kimberly H.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Hlth Res & Appl Technol Div, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Dougherty, Amber L.; Galarneau, Michael R.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Med Modeling Simulat & Mission Support, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Dougherty, AL (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Med Modeling Simulat & Mission Support, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM amber.dougherty@med.navy.mil FU United States Office of Naval Research; Casualty Care Management, Arlington, Virginia [60802]; United States Office of the Secretary of Defense Business Transformation Agency (BTA); Warfighter Support Office, Arlington, Virginia [60829] FX The work was supported by the United States Office of Naval Research, Casualty Care Management, Arlington, Virginia under Work Unit No. 60802 and the United States Office of the Secretary of Defense Business Transformation Agency (BTA), Warfighter Support Office, Arlington, Virginia under Work Unit No. 60829. The views and opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the United States Navy, Department of Defense, nor the US Government. NR 22 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-1383 J9 INJURY JI Injury-Int. J. Care Inj. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 40 IS 7 BP 772 EP 777 DI 10.1016/j.injury.2009.02.014 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Emergency Medicine; Orthopedics; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Emergency Medicine; Orthopedics; Surgery GA 467JE UT WOS:000267734000019 PM 19450798 ER PT J AU Yost, DS AF Yost, David S. TI Assurance and US extended deterrence in NATO SO INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS LA English DT Article AB Historically the NATO allies have focused considerable attention on US 'extended deterrence' - that is, the extension by Washington of an umbrella of protection, sometimes called a 'nuclear guarantee'. A persisting requirement has been to provide the allies with assurance about the reliability and credibility of this protection. This article examines the definition of 'assurance' used by the US Department of Defense for most of the past decade and argues that it has drawn attention to long-standing policy challenges associated with US extended deterrence in NATO. The article considers the assurance roles of US nuclear forces in Europe, as well as elements of assurance in Washington's relations with its allies regarding extended nuclear deterrence. Whether the allies will retain the current requirements of extended deterrence and assurance in their new Strategic Concept or devise a new approach will be an issue of capital importance in the policy review launched at the Strasbourg/Kehl Summit. Contrasting approaches to these questions are visible in the United States and Germany, among other allies. The main issues to be resolved include reconciling extended deterrence with arms control priorities; managing the divisions in public and expert opinion; and avoiding certain potential consequences of a rupture with established arrangements. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Yost, DS (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. NR 38 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0020-5850 J9 INT AFF JI Int. Aff. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 85 IS 4 BP 755 EP + PG 27 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA 466ZD UT WOS:000267703500005 ER PT J AU Tsypkin, M AF Tsypkin, Mikhail TI Russian politics, policy-making and American missile defence SO INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS LA English DT Article AB The American decision to deploy missile defence in Poland endangered the central myth of Putin's regime (Russia's rebirth as a Great Power), challenged the status of Putin as Russia's strongman, and introduced an additional uncertainty into the carefully scripted campaign for succession to Putin. It also hit the raw nerve of Russia's reliance on nuclear weapons. The character of Russian policy-making has guaranteed the worst-case scenario evaluation of the American programme. The Russian elite's world view has magnified the problems resulting from the deployment into fears of a window of vulnerability. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Tsypkin, M (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0020-5850 J9 INT AFF JI Int. Aff. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 85 IS 4 BP 781 EP + PG 20 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA 466ZD UT WOS:000267703500006 ER PT J AU Botros, BA Aliyev, QM Saad, MD Michael, AA Sanchez, JL Carr, JK Earhart, KC AF Botros, B. A. Aliyev, Q. M. Saad, M. D. Michael, A. A. Sanchez, J. L. Carr, J. K. Earhart, K. C. TI HIV infection and associated risk factors among long-distance truck drivers travelling through Azerbaijan SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STD & AIDS LA English DT Article DE HIV; truck drivers; risk behaviours; Azerbaijan ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS; MALE CIRCUMCISION; HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION; DRUG-USERS; NEW-YORK; PREVALENCE; AIDS; AFRICA AB The aim of this study was to assess HIV prevalence and associated risk behaviours among international truck drivers (TDs) in Azerbaijan. The subjects signed consent and completed a questionnaire. Blood was tested using two rapid HIV tests: Determine and OraQuick. Genotyping was performed on 13 positives. Overall, 3763 TDs from 21 countries were enrolled. Fifty-eight (1.54%) were HIV-positive. Highest prevalence was among Russians (2.88%), Ukrainians (1.66%) and Azerbaijani (1.09%). On univariate analysis, highest prevalence (60%) was among injecting drug users (IDUs) compared with 0.4% among non-IDUs (P < 0.001). The prevalence in men who had sex with men (MSM) (42.9%) was high (P < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, IDUs and MSM remained as the main HIV independent risk factors. Additional risk factors include no condom use, no circumcision and a history of an sexually transmitted infection. Eleven of 13 samples were subtype A. In conclusion, HIV was highly associated with IDU and MSM. The detected HIV subtypes A and B are those predominant in the former Soviet Union. C1 [Botros, B. A.; Saad, M. D.; Michael, A. A.; Earhart, K. C.] USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. [Aliyev, Q. M.] Natl Ctr Response AIDS, Baku, Azerbaijan. [Sanchez, J. L.] Dept Def Global Emerging Surveillance & Response, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Carr, J. K.] Inst Human Virol, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Botros, BA (reprint author), USN, Med Res Unit 3, Code 303,PSC 452 Box 5000,FPO AE 09835-9998, Cairo, Egypt. EM boulos.botros.ctr.eg@med.navy.mil RI Saad, Magdi/H-5561-2013 OI Saad, Magdi/0000-0003-2111-8115 FU US Military HIV Research Program; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Rockville, MD [62787-873-H E0001]; US Naval Medical Research and Development Command (Bethesda, MD) [80000.00010022.E0022] FX This work was supported by the US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Rockville, MD, Work Unit No. 62787-873-H E0001. and sponsored by US Naval Medical Research and Development Command (Bethesda, MD): work unit #80000.00010022.E0022. NR 44 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON W1G 0AE, ENGLAND SN 0956-4624 J9 INT J STD AIDS JI Int. J. STD AIDS PD JUL PY 2009 VL 20 IS 7 BP 477 EP 482 DI 10.1258/ijsa.2008.008396 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 472GO UT WOS:000268118800008 PM 19541890 ER PT J AU Crum-Cianflone, NE Hullsiek, KH Marconi, V Weintrob, A Ganesan, A Barthel, RV Fraser, S Roediger, MP Agan, B Regner, S AF Crum-Cianflone, Nancy E. Hullsiek, Katherine Huppler Marconi, Vincent Weintrob, Amy Ganesan, Anuradha Barthel, R. Vincent Fraser, Susan Roediger, Mollie Poehlnian Agan, Brian Regner, Scott TI The Impact of Nelfinavir Exposure on Cancer Development Among a Large Cohort of HIV-Infected Patients SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International AIDS Conference CY AUG 03-08, 2008 CL Mexico City, MEXICO DE cancers; HIV; nelfinavir; protease inhibitor ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM STRESS; PROTEASE INHIBITOR; GROWTH ARREST; IN-VITRO; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; APOPTOSIS; CELLS; VIVO; AIDS AB Background: Preclinical studies Suggest that the antiretroviral agent, nelfinavir mesylate (NFV), may have antineoplastic properties. The relationship between NFV and cancer incidence among HIV-infected patients is unknown. Methods: We evaluated the impact of NFV on cancer development in a large cohort of HIV-infected persons with 108 cancer events during 13,421 person-years of follow-Lip. Using multivariate time-updated Cox proportional hazard models, the risk of cancer among those receiving NFV were compared to those on non-NFV antiretroviral regimens. Results: The risk of cancer among those receiving NFV was similar to those on non-NFV antiretroviral regimens (hazard ratio 1.0, 95% confidence interval 0.5, 1.7, P = 0.90). We also examined AIDS-defining, and non-AIDS-defining cancers separately and found no significant associations between NFV use and cancer risk. Antiretroviral use, with or without a protease inhibitor (PI) component, was associated with a reduced risk of AIDS-defining cancers compared with no antiretroviral therapy; however, the risk of cancer was the same among those using PI or PI-sparing regimens. Discussion: Despite reports that NFV may have tumoricidal activity, we found no significant relationship between NFV or PI use compared with other antiretrovirals and the risk of developing cancer among a large cohort of HIV-infected persons. C1 [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy E.] USN, Med Ctr, Clin Invest Dept KCA, Infect Dis Clin, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy E.; Marconi, Vincent; Weintrob, Amy; Ganesan, Anuradha; Barthel, R. Vincent; Fraser, Susan; Agan, Brian; Regner, Scott] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, TriServ AIDS Clin Consortium, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Hullsiek, Katherine Huppler; Roediger, Mollie Poehlnian] Univ Minnesota, Div Biostat, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Marconi, Vincent] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, San Antonio, TX USA. [Weintrob, Amy] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Ganesan, Anuradha] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Bethesda, MD USA. [Barthel, R. Vincent] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Infect Dis Clin, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Fraser, Susan] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Crum-Cianflone, NE (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Clin Invest Dept KCA, Infect Dis Clin, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM nancy.cruni@med.navy.mil RI Marconi, Vincent/N-3210-2014; OI Marconi, Vincent/0000-0001-8409-4689; Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669 FU NIAID NIH HHS [HU0001-05-2-0011]; PHS HHS [HU0001-05-2-0011] NR 18 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JUL 1 PY 2009 VL 51 IS 3 BP 305 EP 309 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 462UV UT WOS:000267383300010 PM 19412116 ER PT J AU Bankert, RL Mitrescu, C Miller, SD Wade, RH AF Bankert, Richard L. Mitrescu, Cristian Miller, Steven D. Wade, Robert H. TI Comparison of GOES Cloud Classification Algorithms Employing Explicit and Implicit Physics SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; NEURAL-NETWORK; AVHRR; VIIRS; MODIS; IDENTIFICATION; VALIDATION; RADIOMETER; RETRIEVAL; SYSTEMS AB Cloud-type classification based on multispectral satellite imagery data has been widely researched and demonstrated to be useful for distinguishing a variety of classes using a wide range of methods. The research described here is a comparison of the classifier output from two very different algorithms applied to Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) data over the course of one year. The first algorithm employs spectral channel thresholding and additional physically based tests. The second algorithm was developed through a supervised learning method with characteristic features of expertly labeled image samples used as training data for a 1-nearest-neighbor classification. The latter's ability to identify classes is also based in physics, but those relationships are embedded implicitly within the algorithm. A pixel-to-pixel comparison analysis was done for hourly daytime scenes within a region in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. Considerable agreement was found in this analysis, with many of the mismatches or disagreements providing insight to the strengths and limitations of each classifier. Depending upon user needs, a rule-based or other postprocessing system that combines the output from the two algorithms could provide the most reliable cloud-type classification. C1 [Bankert, Richard L.; Mitrescu, Cristian] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Miller, Steven D.] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Wade, Robert H.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Monterey, CA USA. RP Bankert, RL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM rich.bankert@nrlmry.navy.mil FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA); Cooperative Agreement Notice ( CAN) [NNS06AA22G]; Research Opportunities in Space and Earth Sciences ( ROSES) [NNA07CN14A] FX The current research effort is funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA) under Grants Cooperative Agreement Notice ( CAN) NNS06AA22G and Research Opportunities in Space and Earth Sciences ( ROSES) NNA07CN14A. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the various sponsors and colleagues who provided support over the past years in the research, development, and refinement of both classification algorithms leading to this particular study. Paul Tag ( NRL retired), for his original guidance in the development of the IP algorithm, and Andy Heidinger and Mike Pavolonis (NOAA/NESDIS ASPB), for their assistance with the EP algorithm, are specifically acknowledged here. We extend a special acknowledgment and thanks to our coauthor Dr. Robert Wade, who passed away prior to the completion of this manuscript. GOES data were acquired through a processing procedure at Code 7541 of the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 48 IS 7 BP 1411 EP 1421 DI 10.1175/2009JAMC2103.1 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 474NS UT WOS:000268291700009 ER PT J AU Dew, N Read, S Sarasvathy, SD Wiltbank, R AF Dew, Nicholas Read, Stuart Sarasvathy, Saras D. Wiltbank, Robert TI Effectual versus predictive logics in entrepreneurial decision-making: Differences between experts and novices SO JOURNAL OF BUSINESS VENTURING LA English DT Article DE Entrepreneur; Framing; Expertise; Decision-making; Effectuation ID COGNITION RESEARCH; ACQUISITION; PERFORMANCE; ADAPTATION; PSYCHOLOGY; VENTURES; THINKING; CHESS; SKILL AB In support of theory, this study demonstrates that entrepreneurial experts frame decisions using an "effectual" logic (identify more potential markets, focus more on building the venture as a whole, pay less attention to predictive information, worry more about making do with resources on hand to invest only what they could afford to lose, and emphasize stitching together networks of partnerships); while novices use a "predictive frame" and tend to "go by the textbook." We asked 27 expert entrepreneurs and 3 7 MBA students to think aloud continuously as they solved typical decision-making problems in creating a new venture. Transcriptions were analyzed using methods from cognitive science. Results showed that expert entrepreneurs framed problems in a dramatically different way than MBA students. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Dew, Nicholas] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Read, Stuart] IMD, CH-1001 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Sarasvathy, Saras D.] Univ Virginia, Darden Grad Sch Business Adm, Charlottesville, VA 22906 USA. [Wiltbank, Robert] Willamette Univ, Atkinson Grad Sch Management, Salem, OR 97301 USA. RP Dew, N (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, 1 Univ Circle, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM ndew@nps.edu; Stuart.Read@imd.ch; sarasvathys@darden.edu; Wiltbank@Willamette.edu NR 96 TC 110 Z9 112 U1 18 U2 130 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0883-9026 EI 1873-2003 J9 J BUS VENTURING JI J. Bus. Ventur. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 24 IS 4 BP 287 EP 309 DI 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2008.02.002 PG 23 WC Business SC Business & Economics GA 467DZ UT WOS:000267718900001 ER PT J AU Houng, HSH Lott, L Gong, HP Kuschner, RA Lynch, JA Metzgar, D AF Houng, Huo-Shu H. Lott, Lisa Gong, Heping Kuschner, Robert A. Lynch, Julia A. Metzgar, David TI Adenovirus Microsatellite Reveals Dynamics of Transmission during a Recent Epidemic of Human Adenovirus Serotype 14 Infection SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY ADENOVIRUS; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; IDENTIFICATION; EVOLUTION; OUTBREAK; TYPE-7; GENOME; REGION; GENE; TOOL AB This study reveals diverse-length polymorphisms in long mononucleotide repeats (microsatellites) in several serotypes of epidemic human respiratory adenovirus. The length of one of these microsatellites, a homopolymeric thymidine [poly( T)] repeat, is measured in 68 isolates of adenovirus serotype 14. These isolates were collected during a series of sudden and sometimes fatal outbreaks among both military recruits and civilians as the virus emerged for the first time in the United States in 2006 and 2007. The results demonstrate the usefulness of adenoviral microsatellites as high-resolution molecular strain markers. The described homopolymer is hypervariable in length, varying from 12 to 17 bp in the analyzed sample set. All intermediate lengths were identified in at least one isolate. Furthermore, the specific length of the marker is stable for significant periods of time (up to 7 months) at individual sites where the virus is in consistent circulation. The microsatellite also can maintain specific length identity through site-to-site transmission events, as determined by the analysis of isolates from three advanced training sites that appeared to be subject to pathogen transfer from one of the affected recruit training installations. Public database searches revealed that the polymorphic nature of the microsatellite extends to other species B serotypes, and that other polymorphic microsatellites can be identified readily in a variety of epidemic respiratory adenovirus clades. This study shows that microsatellites are a ubiquitous source of polymorphic markers for human adenoviruses and demonstrates their use through an epidemiological analysis of isolates from a recent North American epidemic. C1 [Metzgar, David] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Resp Dis Res, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Houng, Huo-Shu H.; Gong, Heping; Kuschner, Robert A.; Lynch, Julia A.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Viral Dis, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Lott, Lisa] Off AF Surg Gen, Adv Diagnost Lab, Lackland AFB, TX USA. RP Metzgar, D (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Resp Dis Res Code 166, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM david.metzgar@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System [6609] FX The views expressed in this work are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of the Army, Department of the Air Force, Department of Defense (DoD), or U. S. government. This research has been conducted in compliance with all applicable federal and international regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research (DoD protocol NHRC. 1999.0002). We declare that no conflict of interest exists. NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 47 IS 7 BP 2243 EP 2248 DI 10.1128/JCM.01659-08 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 467CC UT WOS:000267713000036 PM 19403773 ER PT J AU Bendler, JT Fontanella, JJ Shlesinger, MF Wintersgill, MC AF Bendler, J. T. Fontanella, J. J. Shlesinger, M. F. Wintersgill, M. C. TI The Defect Diffusion Model and the Glass Transition in Nanoscale and Bulk Films SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND THEORETICAL NANOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Glass Transition; Percolation; Dielectric Relaxation; Thin Films ID FREE-VOLUME THEORY; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; FORMING LIQUIDS; THIN-FILMS; POLYMER ELECTROLYTES; DYNAMICS; NEED; LAW AB The glass transition temperature, T(g), is treated within the framework of the defect diffusion model (DDM). It is shown how the defect-defect interaction enthalpy, defect concentrations, defect lattice geometry, correlation length, and percolation fraction determine T(g). The results are used to show that the effects of confinement on T(g) can be understood within the framework of the DDM. The discussion focuses on confinement effects that have previously been difficult to understand. C1 [Bendler, J. T.; Fontanella, J. J.; Shlesinger, M. F.; Wintersgill, M. C.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Shlesinger, M. F.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Bendler, J. T.] S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Chem, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. RP Fontanella, JJ (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dept Chem, I-35131 Padua, Italy. FU U.S. Office of Naval Research; Department of Defense-Army Research Office [DAAD19-01-1-0482] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Office of Naval Research. J. T. Bendler gratefully acknowledges financial support by the Department of Defense-Army Research Office (Grant No. DAAD19-01-1-0482). M. F. Shlesinger would like to thank the Kinnear Chair of Physics for support. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI STEVENSON RANCH PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA SN 1546-1955 J9 J COMPUT THEOR NANOS JI J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 6 IS 7 BP 1494 EP 1498 DI 10.1166/jctn.2009.1200 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 487XC UT WOS:000269310500014 ER PT J AU Hale, DR Shrestha, PP Gibson, GE Migliaccio, GC AF Hale, Darren R. Shrestha, Pramen P. Gibson, G. Edward, Jr. Migliaccio, Giovanni C. TI Empirical Comparison of Design/Build and Design/Bid/Build Project Delivery Methods SO JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT-ASCE LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMS AB This study compares the performance of design/bid/build and design/build to see if one project delivery method is superior in regards to time and cost. Similar military buildings were used to identify two samples of projects delivered with each of the two delivery methods. These projects provide a meaningful comparison because they include buildings of the same typology (i.e., U.S. Navy Bachelor Enlisted Quarters) delivered using similar design models. Project duration, project duration per bed, project time growth, cost growth and cost per bed were statistically compared. Upon completion of the analysis, the hypothesis that design/build projects are superior to design/bid/build projects in regards to time and cost was tested. Design/build projects were proven superior in performance in almost every measure. Other findings, including recommendations to practitioners and researchers, will be provided as well. C1 [Hale, Darren R.] USN, Publ Works Dept, Norfolk, VA 23521 USA. [Shrestha, Pramen P.] Univ Nevada, Coll Engn, Construct Management Program, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Gibson, G. Edward, Jr.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Migliaccio, Giovanni C.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Hale, DR (reprint author), USN, Publ Works Dept, Norfolk, VA 23521 USA. EM Darren.hale@navy.mil; pramen.shrestha@unlv.edu; egibson@eng.ua.edu; gcm@unm.edu RI Migliaccio, Giovanni/I-7529-2012 OI Migliaccio, Giovanni/0000-0002-3363-2245 FU Center for Construction Industry Studies at the University of Texas FX The writers would like to thank the members of NAVFAC, especially to Larry Melichamp, LCDR Eileen D'Andrea, and Steve Knight for providing data and other insightful information required for this study. This study was partially funded by the Center for Construction Industry Studies at the University of Texas. NR 16 TC 40 Z9 45 U1 4 U2 10 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9364 J9 J CONSTR ENG M ASCE JI J. Constr. Eng. Manage.-ASCE PD JUL PY 2009 VL 135 IS 7 BP 579 EP 587 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000017 PG 9 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 458VL UT WOS:000267054100003 ER PT J AU Smith, KA Valderrama, D AF Smith, Katherine A. Valderrama, Diego TI The composition of capital inflows when emerging market firms face financing constraints SO JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on New Perspectives on Financial Globalization CY APR 26-27, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP Int Monetary Fund, Res Dept DE Capital inflow composition; Financing premium; Financial frictions; Small open economy ID FOREIGN DIRECT-INVESTMENT; LIQUIDITY; FLOWS AB The composition of capital inflows to emerging market economies tends to follow a predictable dynamic pattern across the business cycle. In most emerging market economies, total inflows are pro-cyclical, with debt and portfolio equity flowing in first, followed later in the expansion by foreign direct investment (FDI). To understand the dynamic composition of these flows, we use a small open economy (SOE) framework to model the composition of capital inflows as the equilibrium outcome of emerging market firms' financing decisions. We show how costly external financing and FDI search costs generate a state contingent cost of financing such that the cheapest source of financing depends on the phase of the business cycle. In this manner, the financial frictions are able to explain the interaction between the types of flows and deliver a time-varying composition of flows, as well as other standard features of emerging market business cycles. If, as this work suggests, flows are an equilibrium outcome of firms' financing decisions, then volatility of capital inflows is not necessarily bad for an economy. Furthermore, using capital controls to shut down one type of flow and encourage another is certain to have both short- and long-run welfare implications. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Smith, Katherine A.] USN Acad, Dept Econ, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Valderrama, Diego] Fed Reserve Bank San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. RP Smith, KA (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Econ, 589 McNair Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM ksmith@usna.edu; Diego.Valderrama@sf.rb.org NR 23 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3878 J9 J DEV ECON JI J. Dev. Econ. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 89 IS 2 BP 223 EP 234 DI 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2008.05.003 PG 12 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 452AP UT WOS:000266512300007 ER PT J AU Trammell, SA Lebedev, N AF Trammell, Scott A. Lebedev, Nikolai TI Proton-coupled electron transfer in self-assembled monolayers containing quinone compounds with different bridging groups of varying electronic conjugation SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Quinone; Proton-coupled electron transfer; Rate and mechanism of electron transfer; Nine member square scheme ID CONCERTED PROTON; ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTIONS; GOLD ELECTRODE; HYDROQUINONE; UBIQUINONE-10; EQUILIBRIUM; CONSTANT; KINETICS; REDOX AB Specific and directed changes in structure between the bridge and headgroup can significantly change the rate for proton-coupled electron transfer of self-assembled monolayers containing quinone derivatives with varying electronic conjugation. We compared the apparent proton-coupled electron transfer rates at pHs between 1 and 12 of quinone self-assembled monolayers; (SAMs) on gold electrodes in which the quinone compounds contained different bridging groups (i.e. a single, double or triple bond) connecting the headgroup to the oligo(phenylene vinylene) (OPV) thiol anchor. The quinone compounds in the SAMs were diluted by octane-1-thiol, and cyclic voltammograms of the quinone/hydroquinone (Q/H(2)Q) Couple were measured as a function of scan rate. Using Laviron's formalism, peak to peak separations of the anodic and cathodic peak potentials were analyzed to estimate apparent rate constants (k(app)). We found that the mathematical expressions derived by Laviron for the two-electron, two-proton couple describing a nine member square-scheme can fit the data with an average single electron transfer rate constant reflecting the electron tunneling parameter, beta, of the different bridging structures. In addition, several pK(a)s involved in the nine member scheme shifted to higher values in the immobilized system when compared to reported values of hydroquinone in solution. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Trammell, Scott A.; Lebedev, Nikolai] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Trammell, SA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM trammell@nrl.navy.mil FU Naval Research Laboratory; NRL Nanoscience Institute FX The research was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory base program and NRL Nanoscience Institute. NR 25 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 1572-6657 J9 J ELECTROANAL CHEM JI J. Electroanal. Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 2009 VL 632 IS 1-2 BP 127 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.jelechem.2009.04.007 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA 463KZ UT WOS:000267432300018 ER PT J AU Valdovinos, NC Reddin, C Bernard, C Shafer, B Tanabe, P AF Valdovinos, Nadya Cortes Reddin, Christopher Bernard, Cynthia Shafer, Brooke Tanabe, Paula TI THE USE OF TOPICAL ANESTHESIA DURING INTRAVENOUS CATHETER INSERTION IN ADULTS: A COMPARISON OF PAIN SCORES USING LMX-4 VERSUS PLACEBO SO JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY NURSING LA English DT Article DE Topical anesthesia; Pain scores; Adults ID LIDOCAINE-PRILOCAINE CREAM; LOCAL-ANESTHETICS; ELA-MAX; LIPOSOMAL LIDOCAINE; VENOUS CANNULATION; EUTECTIC MIXTURE; PROCEDURAL PAIN; CHILDREN; DIFFICULTY; EMERGENCY AB Introduction: Intravenous (IV) catheter placement is an extremely common painful procedure performed in all ages and healthcare settings, more often than not without anesthetic, despite clear research and guidelines demonstrating their effectiveness. This study examined differences in pain scores following topical anesthetic and placebo application, in a sample of healthy adult volunteers experiencing IV catheterization. Methods: During this prospective, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, 43 subjects were randomized to receive LMX-4 on one hand and hand cream on the other 30 minutes prior to IV catheterization. Paired t-tests were used to measure the difference in pain scores between hands. Pain scores were reported utilizing a visual analog scale (0-10 cm) immediately after each stick. As a control, the difficulty of the IV stick was rated on a 0-10 cm scale and recorded by the nurse who started the IV. Results: The mean pain score and standard deviation reported for the LMX-4 hand was 3.2 (SD=2.25, range, 0-8.5 cm), while the placebo hand was 4.67 (SD=2.25, range, 0.25-10 mm). The mean paired difference between LMX-4 and placebo hands was -1.37 (95% Cl; -2.2, -0.49); subjects receiving LMX-4 reported clinically as well as statistically significant pain reductions (t=-3.17, p=0.003). When adjusted for difficulty of stick, pain scores continued to remain lower in the LMX-4 hand. Discussion: These findings suggest that the topical use of LMX-4 anesthetic cream is a viable option for reducing the pain associated with IV catheter insertion in adults. C1 [Valdovinos, Nadya Cortes] NW Mem Hosp, Emergency Dept, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Reddin, Christopher] USN, Nurse Corps, Great Lakes, IL USA. [Bernard, Cynthia] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Shafer, Brooke] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Tanabe, Paula] NW Med Fac Fdn, Chicago, IL USA. RP Valdovinos, NC (reprint author), 7742 N Sheridan Rd 3L, Chicago, IL 60626 USA. EM nvaldovi@nmh.org FU Chapman Family Scholarship Fund; Nursing Research program & Northwestern Memorial Hospital; Northwestern Memorial Hospital Excellence in Academic Medicine Grant FX This project was supported by the Chapman Family Scholarship Fund or Nursing Research program & Northwestern Memorial Hospital. Dr. Tanabe was supported in part by a grant Northwestern Memorial Hospital Excellence in Academic Medicine Grant. NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0099-1767 J9 J EMERG NURS JI J. Emerg. Nurs. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 35 IS 4 BP 299 EP 304 DI 10.1016/j.jen.2008.08.005 PG 6 WC Emergency Medicine; Nursing SC Emergency Medicine; Nursing GA 480AQ UT WOS:000268704400009 PM 19591723 ER PT J AU Shen, YT Gowing, S Jessup, S AF Shen, Young T. Gowing, Scott Jessup, Stuart TI Tip Vortex Cavitation Inception Scaling for High Reynolds Number Applications SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE blades; boundary layers; cavitation; hydrodynamics; vortices AB Tip vortices generated by marine lifting surfaces such as propeller blades, ship rudders, hydrofoil wings, and antiroll fins can lead to cavitation. Prediction of the onset of this cavitation depends on model tests at Reynolds numbers much lower than those for the corresponding full-scale flows. The effect of Reynolds number variations on the scaling of tip vortex cavitation inception is investigated using a theoretical flow similarity approach. The ratio of the circulations in the full-scale and model-scale trailing vortices is obtained by assuming that the spanwise distributions of the section lift coefficients are the same between the model-scale and the full-scale. The vortex pressure distributions and core sizes are derived using the Rankine vortex model and McCormick's assumption about the dependence of the vortex core size on the boundary layer thickness at the tip region. Using a logarithmic law to describe the velocity profile in the boundary layer over a large range of Reynolds number, the boundary layer thickness becomes dependent on the Reynolds number to a varying power. In deriving the scaling of the cavitation inception index as the ratio of Reynolds numbers to an exponent m, the values of m are not constant and are dependent on the values of the model- and full-scale Reynolds numbers themselves. This contrasts traditional scaling for which m is treated as a fixed value that is independent of Reynolds numbers. At very high Reynolds numbers, the present theory predicts the value of m to approach zero, consistent with the trend of these flows to become inviscid. Comparison of the present theory with available experimental data shows promising results, especially with recent results from high Reynolds number tests. Numerical examples of the values of m are given for different model- to full-scale sizes and Reynolds numbers. C1 [Shen, Young T.; Gowing, Scott; Jessup, Stuart] USN, Carderock Div, Warfare Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Shen, YT (reprint author), USN, Carderock Div, Warfare Ctr, Code 5800, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM young.shen@navy.mil; scott.gowing@navy.mil; stuart.jessup@navy.mil NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 11 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0098-2202 J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 2009 VL 131 IS 7 AR 071301 DI 10.1115/1.3130245 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 462QE UT WOS:000267369900007 ER PT J AU Lean, JL Picone, JM Emmert, JT AF Lean, J. L. Picone, J. M. Emmert, J. T. TI Quantitative forecasting of near-term solar activity and upper atmospheric density SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MGII INDEX; THERMOSPHERIC DENSITY; EUV FLUX; MODEL; MISSION AB Autoregressive algorithms are developed to forecast solar activity on timescales of 1 to 10 days and utilized to forecast upper atmospheric densities using the NRLMSIS density specification model. Quantitative assessment of solar activity observations and forecasts made over 27 years (from 1980 to 2006) indicates that the chromospheric Mg index is superior to the coronal F-10.7 radio flux, both as a proxy for the day-to-day EUV irradiance variations that drive density changes and as an input to empirical models for density forecasts. For 1- to 10-day Mg forecasts, the average of the root-mean-square error (evaluated in 81-day windows and averaged over the 27 years) increases from 3% to 13%; for F10.7, the corresponding forecast uncertainty increases from 5% to 20%. We demonstrate how the use of Mg instead of F10.7 reduces the errors in forecasting upper atmospheric density changes by comparing orbit-derived and forecast density changes along the tracks of two low earth-orbiting objects. For the Yohkoh orbit, the 3-day Mg and F10.7 forecasts have average root-mean-square errors of 29% and 30%, respectively. For the 10-day solar activity forecasts, the errors are 37% and 41%. Although the improvement using Mg is evident, density uncertainties arising from errors in the solar activity forecasts are on average three to five times smaller than the uncertainties in the combined NRLMSIS density specification model and density data. To improve density forecasts, better characterization of the upper atmospheric response to solar and other drivers is needed. C1 [Lean, J. L.; Picone, J. M.; Emmert, J. T.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lean, JL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Code 7605,4555 Overlook Ave,SW NULL, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jlean@ssd5.nrl.navy.mil OI Lean, Judith/0000-0002-0087-9639 NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 2009 VL 114 AR A07301 DI 10.1029/2009JA014285 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 466FA UT WOS:000267645200002 ER PT J AU Aktas, E Seaver, M Nichols, JM Trickey, ST Davis, WR AF Aktas, E. Seaver, M. Nichols, J. M. Trickey, S. T. Davis, W. R. TI The Influence of Low Energy Impacts on the Static and Dynamic Response of a Foam Core Composite Wing SO JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT MATERIAL SYSTEMS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE Structural Health Monitoring (SHM); fiber optic sensors; non-destructive testing; sandwich composite airfoil; low velocity impact damage; delamination ID DAMAGE DETECTION; SANDWICH COMPOSITES; FATIGUE; TORSION; BEAM; LIFE AB This work describes damage detection efforts on a composite wing subject to a series of low-energy (similar to 7 J) impacts. Two airfoils with fundamentally different damage scenarios were considered. The first damage scenario produced no visible signs of damage on the wing surface following eight impacts. A duplicate wing, subjected to a similar series of impacts, was investigated using flash thermography and subsequently autopsied. The flash thermography showed small, localized damage in the skin, but gave no information about core damage. The autopsy showed core/skin disbonding at both interfaces that varied with the number of impacts, core crushing, and a through the core shear crack. No clear changes to the static or dynamic wing response were observed for this scenario. The second damage scenario involved cracking of the wing skin. While damage quantification was not undertaken for this scenario, both static and dynamic changes in wing response were observed. An analytical model of the wing is presented which helps explain the observed behaviors of the two damage scenarios. C1 [Aktas, E.] Izmir Inst Technol, Dept Civil Engn, TR-35430 Urla Izmir, Turkey. [Seaver, M.; Nichols, J. M.; Trickey, S. T.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Davis, W. R.] USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Aktas, E (reprint author), Izmir Inst Technol, Dept Civil Engn, TR-35430 Urla Izmir, Turkey. EM enginaktas@iyte.edu.tr NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1045-389X J9 J INTEL MAT SYST STR JI J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 20 IS 11 BP 1351 EP 1361 DI 10.1177/1045389X08095184 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 463NT UT WOS:000267439600007 ER PT J AU Claassen, JH AF Claassen, J. H. TI FEM analysis of magnetic flake composites SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Magnetic composite; Low core loss; Distributed air gap; Low permeability core; Magnetic flake ID POWDER; CORES; PERMEABILITY AB A composite comprised of layered flake-like magnetic particles embedded in an insulating medium has been proposed as a low permeability, low loss corematerial. This would be an alternative to "distributed air gap" compressed powder cores that are widely used for inductors in power applications. Since the lowest loss metallic materials are manufactured in the form of very thin sheets, the particles after pulverizing would be in the form of flakes. The effective permeability and average core loss have been computed for model systems of flake composites in a two-dimensional approximation. The core loss is modeled by eddy current dissipation in the low-frequency limit, where the conductor thickness is much less than the skin depth. It is found that useful values of permeability should be obtained for a modest filling fraction of magnetic material, in contrast to the powder cores which require a value close to unity. The core loss will scale as the inverse of filling fraction, with a small additional enhancement due to perpendicular field components. It is thus expected that useful core materials may be attainable without the necessity of large compaction forces. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Claassen, JH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM john.claassen@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX The author acknowledges useful discussions with M. A. Willard. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 321 IS 14 BP 2166 EP 2169 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2009.01.020 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 439LG UT WOS:000265628000020 ER PT J AU Robinson, JB Eremeeva, ME Olson, PE Thornton, SA Medina, MJ Sumner, JW Dasch, GA AF Robinson, Jennilee B. Eremeeva, Marina E. Olson, Patrick E. Thornton, Scott A. Medina, Michael J. Sumner, John W. Dasch, Gregory A. TI New Approaches to Detection and Identification of Rickettsia africae and Ehrlichia ruminantium in Amblyomma variegatum (Acari: Ixodidae) Ticks From the Caribbean SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rickettsia africae; Amblyomma variegatum; Ehrlichia ruminantium; Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus; Dermatophilus congolensis ID SPOTTED-FEVER GROUP; FRENCH-WEST-INDIES; BITE FEVER; COWDRIA-RUMINANTIUM; DERMACENTOR-ANDERSONI; DNA; TRANSMISSION; GENE; HEARTWATER; INFECTION AB Imported from Africa in the 1700s and despite frequent modern eradication efforts, Amblyomma variegatum (F.) spread through the Caribbean by cattle transport, small ruminants, and migrating birds. A, variegatum is a vector for Rickettsia africae, the causative agent of African tick bite fever, and Ehrlichia ruminantium, the causative agent of heartwater. We examined 95 A. variegatum. and six Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini) collected from cattle Lit an abattoir in Antigua. Engorged tick extracts adsorbed on Nobotu filter paper strips and new nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for E. ruminantium and Dermatophilus congolensis were used to evaluate these ticks for the presence of these pathogenic bacteria. Amblyomma ticks (62.4%) contained R. africae DNA by PCR/restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and DNA sequencing of the OmpA and 17-kDa antigen genes. Twenty Amblyomma and two Rh. microplus contained E. ruminantium. DNA. No E. chaffeensis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Coxiella burnetii, or D. congolensis DNA was detected in these ticks. The Continued presence of Am. variegatum in the Caribbean poses a significant risk of infection in cattle with E. ruminantium and in humans by R. africae. Eradication efforts are essential to prevent the further spread of Am. variegatum. C1 [Robinson, Jennilee B.; Eremeeva, Marina E.; Sumner, John W.; Dasch, Gregory A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Olson, Patrick E.; Thornton, Scott A.; Medina, Michael J.] USN, Environm & Prevent Med Unit 5, San Diego, CA 92132 USA. RP Dasch, GA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM GDasch@cdc.gov NR 42 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 46 IS 4 BP 942 EP 951 DI 10.1603/033.046.0429 PG 10 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 465XQ UT WOS:000267623800030 PM 19645301 ER PT J AU Hattendorf, JB AF Hattendorf, John B. TI Educating the Royal Navy: Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-century Education for Officers. SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Hattendorf, John B.] USN, War Coll, Newport, RI USA. RP Hattendorf, JB (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Newport, RI USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 EI 1543-7795 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 73 IS 3 BP 945 EP 946 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 466QX UT WOS:000267678500021 ER PT J AU O'Connell, AB AF O'Connell, Aaron B. TI US Marines and Irregular Warfare, 1898-2007: Anthology and Selected Bibliography. SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [O'Connell, Aaron B.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP O'Connell, AB (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 73 IS 3 BP 968 EP 969 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 466QX UT WOS:000267678500038 ER PT J AU Tummala, RP Ecker, RD Levy, EI AF Tummala, Ramachandra P. Ecker, Robert D. Levy, Elad I. TI Variant of Subclavian Steal in the Setting of Ipsilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion: Case Report SO JOURNAL OF NEUROIMAGING LA English DT Article DE Common carotid artery; occlusion; stenting; subclavian artery; subclavian steal syndrome AB Subclavian steal is a well-described angiographic finding and clinical syndrome that rarely results in vertebrobasilar ischemic symptoms. In classic subclavian steal, left subclavian artery (SA) stenosis occurs proximal to the left vertebral artery (VA) origin. We report a symptomatic variant of this syndrome that occurred in the setting of left common carotid artery occlusion and anomalous origin of the left VA directly from the aortic arch. The steal and symptoms resolved after stenting of the left SA stenosis. J Neuroimaging 2009;19:271-273. C1 [Tummala, Ramachandra P.; Ecker, Robert D.; Levy, Elad I.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Neurosurg, Sch Med & Biomed Sci, Buffalo, NY 14209 USA. [Tummala, Ramachandra P.; Ecker, Robert D.; Levy, Elad I.] SUNY Buffalo, Toshiba Stroke Res Ctr, Sch Med & Biomed Sci, Buffalo, NY 14209 USA. [Tummala, Ramachandra P.; Ecker, Robert D.; Levy, Elad I.] Millard Fillmore Gates Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Buffalo, NY USA. [Levy, Elad I.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Radiol, Sch Med & Biomed Sci, Buffalo, NY 14209 USA. [Tummala, Ramachandra P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Neurosurg, Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Tummala, Ramachandra P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Neurol, Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Tummala, Ramachandra P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Radiol, Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Ecker, Robert D.] USN Hosp, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Levy, EI (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Neurosurg, Sch Med & Biomed Sci, 3 Gates Circle, Buffalo, NY 14209 USA. EM elevy@buffns.com NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1051-2284 J9 J NEUROIMAGING JI J. Neuroimaging PD JUL PY 2009 VL 19 IS 3 BP 271 EP 273 DI 10.1111/j.1552-6569.2008.00283.x PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 461QJ UT WOS:000267283300014 PM 18681930 ER PT J AU Tumialan, LM Rodts, GE Mummaneni, PV AF Tumialan, Luis M. Rodts, Gerald E. Mummaneni, Praveen V. TI Bone morphogenetic protein RESPONSE SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY-SPINE LA English DT Letter ID ANTERIOR CERVICAL DISKECTOMY; FUSION; COMPLICATIONS; RHBMP-2 C1 [Tumialan, Luis M.] USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Rodts, Gerald E.] Emory Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mummaneni, Praveen V.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Tumialan, LM (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS PI ROLLING MEADOWS PA 5550 MEADOWBROOK DRIVE, ROLLING MEADOWS, IL 60008 USA SN 1547-5654 J9 J NEUROSURG-SPINE JI J. Neurosurg.-Spine PD JUL PY 2009 VL 11 IS 1 BP 93 EP 94 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 462VC UT WOS:000267384100024 ER PT J AU Samanta, G Beris, AN Handler, RA Housiadas, KD AF Samanta, Gaurab Beris, Antony N. Handler, Robert A. Housiadas, Kostas D. TI Velocity and conformation statistics based on reduced Karhunen-Loeve projection data from DNS of viscoelastic turbulent channel flow SO JOURNAL OF NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Viscoelasticity; Giesekus model; Turbulent channel flow; Karhunen-Loeve analysis; Velocity statistics; Conformation statistics ID DIRECT NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; DRAG REDUCTION; SURFACTANT ADDITIVES; PIPE-FLOW; POLYMERS; FLUIDS AB To investigate the effectiveness of the Karhunen-Loeve (K-L) method as a data reduction approach, we study here its effect on the velocity and conformation statistics in a drag reducing turbulent polymer flow. The K-L method has been used to construct a set of basis velocity eigenfunctions from a large number of independent realizations of the velocity. Those were obtained from direct numerical simulation (DNS) of a viscoelastic turbulent channel flow using the Giesekus model. A subset of the K-L eigenfunctions, large enough to contain more than 90% of the fluctuating kinetic energy of the flow on the average, has then been subsequently used to obtain time series of projection coefficients of the velocity fields generated further from DNS. In a post-processing step, velocity fields were reconstructed using selected subsets of the projection coefficients. Those reconstructed velocity fields were then used to evaluate turbulent statistics as well as to integrate the constitutive equation. The turbulent statistics (r.m.s. velocities, Reynolds stress etc.) thus constructed showed good agreement with the full results from DNS. The Reynolds stress anisotropy was also calculated in this work for the first time. It was found to increase with viscoelasticity that was well reproduced in the reduced K-L data except near the channel centerline where the K-L data showed some loss of anisotropy. The biggest differences however between the K-L reduced data and the full DNS results were seen in the conformation statistics. The average polymer conformation extracted from the K-L reduced data was significantly less than that corresponding to the full DNS results anywhere except in the shear-dominated wall region. A further comparison of the energy and dissipation spectra between the full DNS and the K-L reconstructed data illustrated the impact of the K-L process in resulting to a significant damping of small turbulent scales even those contributing to the maximum in turbulent dissipation. This may also be the principal reason behind the poor quality of the K-L reconstructed conformation data. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Samanta, Gaurab; Beris, Antony N.] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Handler, Robert A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Housiadas, Kostas D.] Univ Aegean, Dept Math, Karlovassi, Samos, Greece. RP Beris, AN (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM beris@udel.edu FU Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware; National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) [TG-MCA96N005] FX One of the authors (GS) would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware. We are also grateful to the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) for providing the computational resources needed for this work through a Teragrid proposal grant TG-MCA96N005. NR 40 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0257 J9 J NON-NEWTON FLUID JI J. Non-Newton. Fluid Mech. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 160 IS 1 BP 55 EP 63 DI 10.1016/j.jnnfm.2009.02.003 PG 9 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 461BD UT WOS:000267237900008 ER PT J AU Arkes, J Klerman, JA AF Arkes, Jeremy Klerman, Jacob Alex TI Understanding the link between the economy and teenage sexual behavior and fertility outcomes SO JOURNAL OF POPULATION ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Fertility; Sexual behavior; Contraception ID UNITED-STATES FERTILITY; EMERGENCE; ADOLESCENTS AB We use individual-level data from the 1997 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and state unemployment rates to examine how the economy affects fertility and its proximate determinants for several groups based on gender, age (15-17 and 18-20 groups), and race/ethnicity. We find that, for 15- to 17-year-old females, several behaviors leading to pregnancies and pregnancies themselves are higher when the unemployment rate is higher, which is consistent with the counter-cyclical fertility patterns for this group. For 18- to 20-year-old males, the results suggested counter-cyclical patterns of fertility behaviors/outcomes for whites, but pro-cyclical patterns for blacks. C1 [Arkes, Jeremy] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Klerman, Jacob Alex] ABT Associates Inc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Arkes, J (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Code GB,555 Dyer Rd,Ingersoll 335, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM jaarkes@nps.edu; Jacob_Klerman@abtassoc.com NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0933-1433 J9 J POPUL ECON JI J. Popul. Econ. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 22 IS 3 BP 517 EP 536 DI 10.1007/s00148-007-0172-5 PG 20 WC Demography; Economics SC Demography; Business & Economics GA 436UQ UT WOS:000265442000001 ER PT J AU Michalowicz, JV Nichols, JM Bucholtz, F Olson, CC AF Michalowicz, J. V. Nichols, J. M. Bucholtz, F. Olson, C. C. TI An Isserlis' Theorem for Mixed Gaussian Variables: Application to the Auto-Bispectral Density SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Isserlis' theorem; Wick's theorem; Mixed-Gaussian distribution; Auto-bispectral density ID NONLINEARITY; ORDER; SPECTRA; SYSTEMS; SERIES AB This work derives a version of Isserlis' theorem for the specific case of four mixed-Gaussian random variables. The theorem is then used to derive an expression for the auto-bispectral density for quadratically nonlinear systems driven with mixed-Gaussian iid noise. C1 [Michalowicz, J. V.; Nichols, J. M.; Bucholtz, F.; Olson, C. C.] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Michalowicz, J. V.] SFA Inc, Crofton, MD USA. RP Nichols, JM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jonathan.nichols@nrl.navy.mil NR 19 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-4715 J9 J STAT PHYS JI J. Stat. Phys. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 136 IS 1 BP 89 EP 102 DI 10.1007/s10955-009-9768-3 PG 14 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 475AO UT WOS:000268327600007 ER PT J AU Petti, JP Dodds, RH Link, RE AF Petti, J. P. Dodds, R. H., Jr. Link, R. E. TI Crack Mouth Opening Displacement-Based eta Factors for SE(B) Specimens SO JOURNAL OF TESTING AND EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE elastic-plastic fracture toughness; J-R curve; eta factor; fracture toughness testing ID ESTIMATION EQUATIONS; CMOD AB Three-dimensional finite element analysis of SE(B) fracture toughness specimens with crack sizes ranging from a/W=0.1-0.6 were performed to develop eta(CMOD) values for estimating J(pl) in fracture toughness tests. The analyses included specimens with smooth sides and 20% sidegrooves. The results for eta(CMOD) were 4-9% lower than previously published results based on two-dimensional plane strain analysis. A simple linear expression for eta(CMOD)(a/W) was proposed for introduction into ASTM E 1820 for calculating J(pl) in SE(B) specimens with 0.05 <= a/W <= 0.7. C1 [Petti, J. P.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Dodds, R. H., Jr.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Link, R. E.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Petti, JP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0090-3973 J9 J TEST EVAL JI J. Test. Eval. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 37 IS 4 BP 383 EP 386 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 469NP UT WOS:000267906800012 ER PT J AU Bucaro, JA Romano, AJ Valdivia, N Houston, BH Dey, S AF Bucaro, J. A. Romano, A. J. Valdivia, N. Houston, B. H. Dey, S. TI A numerical study of defect detection in a plaster dome ceiling using structural acoustics SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE acoustic intensity; ceilings; cements (building materials); Doppler measurement; finite element analysis; flaw detection; measurement by laser beam; structural acoustics; vibration measurement ID WORKS-OF-ART; VIBROMETER; PAINTINGS AB A numerical study is carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of using measured surface displacements resulting from acoustic speaker excitation to detect and localize flaws in a domed, plaster ceiling. The response of the structure to an incident acoustic pressure is obtained at four frequencies between 100 and 400 Hz using a parallel h-p structural acoustic finite element-based code. Three ceiling conditions are modeled: the pristine ceiling considered rigidly attached to the domed-shape support, partial detachment of a segment of the plaster layer from the support, and an interior pocket of plaster deconsolidation modeled as a heavy fluid. Spatial maps of the normal displacement resulting from speaker excitation are interpreted with the help of predictions based on static analysis. It is found that acoustic speaker excitation can provide displacement levels readily detected by commercially available laser Doppler vibrometer systems. Further, it is concluded that for 1 in. thick plaster layers, detachment sizes as small as 4 cm are detectable by direct observation of the measured displacement maps. Finally, spatial structure differences are observed in the displacement maps beneath the two defect types, which may provide a wavenumber-based feature useful for distinguishing plaster detachment from other defects such as deconsolidation. C1 [Bucaro, J. A.; Romano, A. J.; Valdivia, N.; Houston, B. H.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Dey, S.] Global Strategies Grp N Amer, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. RP Bucaro, JA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM bucaro@pa.nrl.navy.mil FU SERDP Sustainable Infrastructure Program; ONR FX One of the authors (J.A.B.) would like to acknowledge many stimulating discussions with the late George W. Adams about plaster wall and ceiling "health" and to thank George posthumously for introducing him to the related work of monitoring fresco-laden plaster at the U. S. Capitol building. This work was supported by the SERDP Sustainable Infrastructure Program and ONR. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 126 IS 1 BP 140 EP 148 DI 10.1121/1.3133922 PG 9 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 471NL UT WOS:000268065100025 PM 19603871 ER PT J AU Yang, TC Yang, WB AF Yang, T. C. Yang, Wen-Bin TI Interference suppression for code-division multiple-access communications in an underwater acoustic channel SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE code division multiple access; error statistics; interference suppression; matched filters; spread spectrum communication; underwater acoustic communication ID SEQUENCE SPREAD-SPECTRUM; MULTIUSER DETECTION STRATEGIES; SIGNALS AB In a code-division multiple-access communications network, the signal from a nearby user often creates a strong interference for the signal from a distant user. This is known as the near-far problem. Power control of source levels is ineffective in an underwater acoustic channel due to the slow sound speed. Interference rejection based on code orthogonality is ineffective using matched-filter processing due to the fact that multipath arrivals effectively destroy the code orthogonality and that the signal arrival times between different users are not synchronized. An algorithm, called hyperspace cancellation by coordinate zeroing, is used in this paper to remove/suppress interference. Using a fast Walsh-Hadamard transform (FWHT) based on the interferer's code sequence, the interference signal is enhanced and removed by coordinate zeroing. The residual signal is transformed back using an inverse FWHT. The filtered data, with the interference signal largely removed, are processed using the desired signal code sequence. Two methods previously developed for direct-sequence spread-spectrum communications in an underwater channel are used to extract the transmitted symbols. Low bit error rate (< 10(-2)) is found with the at-sea data for signal-to-interference ratio as low as -8 to -11 dB. C1 [Yang, T. C.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Yang, Wen-Bin] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Yang, TC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7120,4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM yang@wave.nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. The UNet06 experiment was conducted under the auspices of The Technical Cooperative Program (TTCP) and the Office of Naval Research. The authors thank their colleagues at NRL and DRDC (Defense Research Development Canada) for their contributions to the UNet06 experiment. NR 17 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 10 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 126 IS 1 BP 220 EP 228 DI 10.1121/1.3147484 PG 9 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 471NL UT WOS:000268065100033 PM 19603879 ER PT J AU Au, WWL Branstetter, BK Benoit-Bird, KJ Kastelein, RA AF Au, Whitlow W. L. Branstetter, Brian K. Benoit-Bird, Kelly J. Kastelein, Ronald A. TI Acoustic basis for fish prey discrimination by echolocating dolphins and porpoises SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE acoustic wave scattering; backscatter; band-pass filters; bioacoustics; echo; sonar detection; sonar target recognition; underwater sound ID BOTTLE-NOSED-DOLPHIN; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS MONTAGU; ECHO; TARGETS AB The biosonar system of dolphins and porpoises has been studied for about 5 decades and much has been learned [Au, W. W. L. (1993). The Sonar of Dolphins (Springer, New York)]. Most experiments have involved human-made targets; little is known about odontocetes' echolocation of prey. To address this issue, acoustic backscatter from Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), gray mullet (Chelon labrosus), pollack, (Pollachius pollachius), and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) was measured using simulated biosonar signals of the Atlantic bottlenose dolphin and harbor porpoise. The fish specimens were rotated so that the effects of the fish orientation on the echoes could be determined. Echoes had the highest amplitude and simplest structure when the incident angle was perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fish. The complexity of the echoes increased as the aspect angle of the fish moved away from the normal aspect. The echoes in both the time and frequency domains were easily distinguishable among the four species of fish and were generally consistent within species. A cochlear model consisting of a bank of band-passed filters was also used to analyze the echoes. The overall results suggest that there are sufficient acoustic cues available to discriminate between the four species of fish based on the echoes received, independent of aspect angle. C1 [Au, Whitlow W. L.] Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Marine Mammal Res Program, Kailua, HI 96734 USA. [Branstetter, Brian K.] USN, Marine Mammal Program, Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Benoit-Bird, Kelly J.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kastelein, Ronald A.] SEAMARCO, NL-3843 CC Harderwijk, Netherlands. RP Au, WWL (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Marine Mammal Res Program, POB 1106, Kailua, HI 96734 USA. FU US Office of Naval Research; Netherlands Ministry for Agriculture, Nature, and Food Quality; University of Hawaii Animal Care Protocol [04-019]; HIMB [1343] FX We thank Sander van der Hel for assistance in conducting the experiments. Jan van der Veen, Sea aquarium " het Arsenaal," The Netherlands, lent us the study animals. Gijs Rutjes (Coppens International) provided some of the sea bass. We thank Brigitte Kastelein and the volunteers for logistical support. The facilities of the research station were made available, thanks to Dick Vethaak (RIKZ), Roeland Allewijn (RIKZ), and Wanda Zevenboom (North Sea Directorate). This work was supported by the US Office of Naval Research, Mardi Hastings, Program Manager, and the Netherlands Ministry for Agriculture, Nature, and Food Quality (DKW-program 418: North Sea and Coast). This project complied with the Dutch standards for animal experiments (Chris Pool, Head of the Committee for Animal Experiments of RIKZ) and was conducted under University of Hawaii Animal Care Protocol 04-019. This is HIMB Contribution No. 1343. NR 35 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 4 U2 25 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 126 IS 1 BP 460 EP 467 DI 10.1121/1.3147497 PG 8 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 471NL UT WOS:000268065100057 PM 19603903 ER PT J AU Finneran, JJ Houser, DS Mase-Guthrie, B Ewing, RY Lingenfelser, RG AF Finneran, James J. Houser, Dorian S. Mase-Guthrie, Blair Ewing, Ruth Y. Lingenfelser, Robert G. TI Auditory evoked potentials in a stranded Gervais' beaked whale (Mesoplodon europaeus) SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE auditory evoked potentials; bioacoustics ID DOLPHINS TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; ENVELOPE-FOLLOWING RESPONSE; BRAIN-STEM RESPONSES; HEARING MEASUREMENTS; GRAMPUS-GRISEUS; MARINE MAMMALS; RISSOS DOLPHIN; SENSITIVITY; CETACEANS; COHERENCE AB Efforts to identify the specific causal mechanisms responsible for beaked whale strandings coincident with naval exercises have been hampered by lack of data concerning the hearing abilities of beaked whales and their physiological and behavioral responses to sound. In this study, auditory capabilities of a stranded Gervais' beaked whale (Mesoplodon europaeus) were investigated by measuring auditory evoked potentials. Click-evoked potentials, auditory thresholds as a function of frequency, and the modulation rate transfer function were determined. The evoked potentials and modulation rate transfer function were similar to those measured in other echolocating odontocetes; the upper limit of functional hearing was 80-90 kHz. C1 [Finneran, James J.] USN, Marine Mammal Program, SSC Pacific, Biosci Div, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Houser, Dorian S.] BIOMIMETICA, La Mesa, CA 92071 USA. [Mase-Guthrie, Blair; Ewing, Ruth Y.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Lingenfelser, Robert G.] Marine Mammal Conservancy, Key Largo, FL 33037 USA. RP Finneran, JJ (reprint author), USN, Marine Mammal Program, SSC Pacific, Biosci Div, Code 71510,53560 Hull St, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. EM james.finneran@navy.mil OI Houser, Dorian/0000-0002-0960-8528 FU National Marine Fisheries [1095-1837-00]; U.S. Office of Naval Research FX The volunteers and staff of the MMC provided valuable technical and logistical support for the hearing tests. T. Rowles, Coordinator of the Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response Program, was responsible for initially coordinating the AEP tests between the authors and the regional stranding network. Genetic identification was performed by P. Rosel and A. Viricel at the NMFS SEFSC Marine Mammal Molecular Genetics Laboratory. This work was performed under National Marine Fisheries Permit No. 1095-1837-00. Financial support was provided by the U.S. Office of Naval Research. NR 49 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 8 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 126 IS 1 BP 484 EP 490 DI 10.1121/1.3133241 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 471NL UT WOS:000268065100060 PM 19603906 ER PT J AU Finneran, JJ AF Finneran, James J. TI Evoked response study tool: A portable, rugged system for single and multiple auditory evoked potential measurements SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE auditory evoked potentials; bioacoustics; biology computing; data visualisation; ear; graphical user interfaces; neurophysiology ID DOLPHINS TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; STEADY-STATE RESPONSES; BRAIN-STEM RESPONSE; OTOACOUSTIC EMISSIONS; HEARING MEASUREMENTS; LATERAL SUPPRESSION; OBJECTIVE DETECTION; AUDIOMETRY; AMPLITUDE; SENSITIVITY AB Although the potential of using portable auditory evoked potential systems for field testing of stranded cetaceans has been long recognized, commercial systems for evoked potential measurements generally do not possess the bandwidth required for testing odontocete cetaceans and are not suitable for field use. As a result, there have been a number of efforts to develop portable evoked potential systems for field testing of cetaceans. This paper presents another such system, called the evoked response study tool (EVREST). EVREST is a Windows-based hardware/software system designed for calibrating sound stimuli and recording and analyzing transient and steady-state evoked potentials. The EVREST software features a graphical user interface, real-time analysis and visualization of recorded data, a variety of stimulus options, and a high level of automation. The system hardware is portable, rugged, battery-powered, and possesses a bandwidth that encompasses the audible range of echolocating odontocetes, making the system suitable for field testing of stranded or rehabilitating cetaceans. C1 USN, Marine Mammal Program, SSC Pacific, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Finneran, JJ (reprint author), USN, Marine Mammal Program, SSC Pacific, Code 71510,53560 Hull St, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. FU U.S. Office of Naval Research FX The author would like to thank Dorian Houser for many helpful discussions on the system operating concepts and for helping to test the hardware and software. Carolyn Melka, Randall Dear, and Brian Branstetter also performed a great deal of hardware/software testing and provided helpful suggestions. Financial support was provided by the U.S. Office of Naval Research. NR 47 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 126 IS 1 BP 491 EP 500 DI 10.1121/1.3148214 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 471NL UT WOS:000268065100061 PM 19603907 ER PT J AU Prokes, SM Alexson, D Glembocki, OJ Park, HD Rendell, RW AF Prokes, S. M. Alexson, D. Glembocki, O. J. Park, H. D. Rendell, R. W. TI Plasmonic behavior of Ag/dielectric nanowires and the effect of geometry SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Conference of Physics and Chemistry of Surfaces and Interfaces CY JAN 11-15, 2009 CL Santa Barbara, CA SP AVS, Army Res Off, Off Naval Res DE dielectric materials; electron beam lithography; nanocomposites; nanowires; plasmonics; quantum wires; silver; surface enhanced Raman scattering ID ENHANCED RAMAN-SCATTERING; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; NANOSPHERE LITHOGRAPHY; SPECTROSCOPY AB Recently, the authors have shown that dielectric/metal composite nanowires exhibit very strong surface enhanced Raman (SERS) signals when arranged in a random three-dimensional geometry. Since they believe that the intersections of nanowires are critical in generating the high electric fields necessary for this enhancement, they have investigated the effect of crossing geometry under more controlled conditions. Thus, they will discuss the formation of nanowire arrays by in situ growth achieved by the control of nanowire material/substrate combination, as well as ex situ nanowire array formation involving e-beam lithography. They have examined the plasmonic effects, both longitudinal and transverse, due to changes in crossing geometry by specific placements of dielectric/metal nanowires on the fabricated arrays. The effects of nanowire geometry and the resulting SERS behavior show the importance of the dielectric/metal configuration, as well as the importance of nanowire angular geometry in the SERS enhancement. C1 [Prokes, S. M.; Glembocki, O. J.; Rendell, R. W.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Prokes, SM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM prokes@estd.nrl.navy.mil NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 9 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL PY 2009 VL 27 IS 4 BP 2055 EP 2061 DI 10.1116/1.3130150 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 477RG UT WOS:000268535600053 ER PT J AU Kim, HY Ahn, J Mastro, MA Eddy, CR Han, J Yang, T Kim, J AF Kim, H. -Y. Ahn, J. Mastro, M. A. Eddy, C. R., Jr. Han, J. Yang, T. Kim, J. TI Characterization of 5 MeV proton-irradiated gallium nitride nanowires SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article DE cathodoluminescence; electrical resistivity; gallium compounds; III-V semiconductors; nanowires; proton effects; semiconductor quantum wires; wide band gap semiconductors ID ELECTRON-MOBILITY TRANSISTORS; ALGAN/GAN HEMT; STRAIN AB GaN nanowires were irradiated using a cyclotron at 5 MeV energy with a fluency of up to 3.38x10(15)/cm(2) protons. The resistance of the GaN was increased by 95% at a dose of 1.69x10(15)/cm(2) protons and then 116% at a dose of 3.38x10(15)/cm(2) protons because of the damage induced by the high energy protons. Cathodoluminescence of the GaN nanowires found a slight broadening of near band-edge emission and a dramatic decrease in the intensity of midgap transitions. These GaN-based nanomaterials have a potential in space technology because of their strong bonding energy compared to other material systems such as silicon and GaAs. Furthermore, the relatively small decrease in resistivity confirms the predicted robustness to proton irradiation of GaN nanowires compared to a GaN thin film. C1 [Kim, H. -Y.; Kim, J.] Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 136701, South Korea. [Mastro, M. A.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Han, J.; Yang, T.] Korea Inst Radiol & Med Sci, Seoul, South Korea. RP Kim, HY (reprint author), Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 136701, South Korea. EM hyunhyun7@korea.ac.kr; jhkim@prosys.korea.ac.kr RI Kim, Jihyun/F-6940-2013 FU Korean government (MEST) [2009-0074106]; BK21 program; ONR FX The research at Korea University was supported by Korea Science and Engineering Foundation grant funded by the Korean government (MEST) (Grant No. 2009-0074106) and BK21 program and was carried out using MC-50 cyclotron at the Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences. The research at NRL was supported by ONR. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL PY 2009 VL 27 IS 4 BP L11 EP L13 DI 10.1116/1.3159783 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 477RG UT WOS:000268535600001 ER PT J AU Peng, F Effler, SW O'Donnell, D Weidemann, AD Auer, MT AF Peng, Feng Effler, Steve W. O'Donnell, David Weidemann, Alan D. Auer, Martin T. TI Characterizations of minerogenic particles in support of modeling light scattering in Lake Superior through a two-component approach SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID INHERENT OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; EASTERN ENGLISH-CHANNEL; SOUTHERN NORTH-SEA; NEW-YORK; MARINE PARTICLES; BACKSCATTERING RATIO; COASTAL WATERS; OCEAN WATERS; GREAT-LAKES; SEAWATER AB The role of suspended minerogenic particles in light scattering in eastern Lake Superior and Keweenaw Bay (11 sites) during July of 2006 was evaluated with an individual particle analysis technique (scanning electron microscopy interfaced with automated image and X-ray analyses, SAX), along with bulk measurements of particulate scattering and backscattering coefficients (b(p) and b(bp)) and chlorophyll a concentration ([Chl]). SAX measurements provided information on light-scattering attributes of minerogenic particles, including chemical composition and particle size distribution (PSD). The data were used in Mie theory calculations for estimations of minerogenic scattering and backscattering coefficients (b(m) and b(b,m)). The bay had higher concentrations of minerogenic particles and higher values of b(m), b(b,m), b(bp), and the backscattering ratio (b(bp):b(p)) than the pelagic sites. Minerogenic scattering was primarily attributable to clay mineral particles in the size range of 1-10 mu m. The PSDs deviated from the (Junge) pattern of monotonic increase of particle numbers with decreasing particle size. The estimates of b(m) and b(b,m) combined with those of organic particulate components, as represented by empirical Case 1 bio-optical models, showed reasonably good closure with b(p) and b(bp), supporting the credibility of the SAX-Mie approach. Variations in the b(bp):b(p) ratio are strongly related to spatial differences in the relative contributions of phytoplankton vs. minerogenic particles to scattering, with higher values observed where the minerogenic component is more important. SAX can advance the understanding of optical variability by establishing the contributions of well-defined minerogenic constituents that strongly influence optical properties. C1 [Peng, Feng; Effler, Steve W.; O'Donnell, David] Upstate Freshwater Inst, Syracuse, NY USA. [Weidemann, Alan D.] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Auer, Martin T.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Peng, F (reprint author), Upstate Freshwater Inst, Syracuse, NY USA. EM fpeng@upstatefreshwater.org OI Peng, Feng/0000-0002-3616-1063 FU Naval Research Laboratory FX Funding for this research was provided in part by Naval Research Laboratory for the 'Lidar and hyperspectral remote sensing of the littoral environment' project. Sampling and field optical measurements were assisted by Tony Prestigiacomo aboard the U. S. Environment Protection Agency's R/V Lake Guardian (pelagic waters of Lake Superior) and Michigan Technological University's R/V Agassiz (Keweenaw Bay). Laboratory analyses of chlorophyll a concentrations were performed by Whitney Forbes. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency graciously contributed ship time aboard the R/V Lake Guardian to Michigan Tech as part of a cruise combining graduate instruction and value-added research. We thank the Associate Editor, Dariusz Stramski, and two other anonymous reviewers for their instructive comments. This is contribution 263 of the Upstate Freshwater Institute. NR 57 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0024-3590 EI 1939-5590 J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR JI Limnol. Oceanogr. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 54 IS 4 BP 1369 EP 1381 DI 10.4319/lo.2009.54.4.1369 PG 13 WC Limnology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 474ZZ UT WOS:000268325100028 ER PT J AU Kolipaka, A Mcgee, KP Araoz, PA Glaser, KJ Manduca, A Romano, AJ Ehman, RL AF Kolipaka, Arunark McGee, Kiaran P. Araoz, Philip A. Glaser, Kevin J. Manduca, Armando Romano, Anthony J. Ehman, Richard L. TI MR Elastography as a Method for the Assessment of Myocardial Stiffness: Comparison with an Established Pressure-Volume Model in a Left Ventricular Model of the Heart SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE MRE; P-V relationships; gated MRE sequences; cardiac MRE ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE ELASTOGRAPHY; FAILURE; MUSCLE; ELASTICITY; MOTION; SENC AB Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) measurements of shear stiffness (mu) in a spherical phantom experiencing both static and cyclic pressure variations were compared to those derived from an established pressure-volume (P-V)-based model. A spherical phantom was constructed using a silicone rubber composite of 10 cm inner diameter and 1.3 cm thickness. A gradient echo MRE sequence was used to determine mu within the phantom at static and cyclic pressures ranging from 55 to 90 mmHg. Average values of mu using MRE were obtained within a region of interest and were compared to the P-V-derived estimates. Under both static and cyclic pressure conditions, the P-V- and MRE-based estimates of mu ranged from 98.2 to 155.1 kPa and 96.2 to 150.8 kPa, respectively. Correlation coefficients (R(2)) of 0.98 and 0.97 between the P-V and MRE-based estimates of shear stiffness measurements were obtained. For both static and cyclic pressures, MRE-based measures of mu agree with those derived from a P-V model, suggesting that MRE can be used as a new, noninvasive method of assessing mu in sphere-like fluid-filled organs such as the heart. Magn Reson Med 62:135-140, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Kolipaka, Arunark; McGee, Kiaran P.; Araoz, Philip A.; Glaser, Kevin J.; Manduca, Armando; Ehman, Richard L.] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Romano, Anthony J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mcgee, KP (reprint author), Mayo Clin, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM mcgee.kiaran@mayo.edu FU National Institutes of Health [EB001981] FX National Institutes of Health; Grant number: EB001981. NR 27 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0740-3194 J9 MAGN RESON MED JI Magn. Reson. Med. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 62 IS 1 BP 135 EP 140 DI 10.1002/mrm.21991 PG 6 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 463BV UT WOS:000267404300015 PM 19353657 ER PT J AU Stroud, RM Alexander, CMO Cody, GD De Gregorio, BT Kilcoyne, ALD Nittler, LR Zega, TJ AF Stroud, R. M. Alexander, C. M. O'D Cody, G. D. De Gregorio, B. T. Kilcoyne, A. L. D. Nittler, L. R. Zega, T. J. TI CORRELATED MICROANALYSIS OF CARBONACEOUS NANOGLOBULES SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 72nd Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY JUL 13-18, 2009 CL Nancy, FRANCE SP Meteorit Soc, Barringer Crateer Co, Ctr Natl Etudes Spatiales, Ctr Natl rech Sci, Ctr Rech Petrog & Geochim, Communaute Urbaine Grand Nancy, Conseil Gen Meurthe & Moselle, Inst Natl Sci Univ, Lunar & Planetary Inst, Minist Enseignement Superieur & Rech, Nancy Univ, NASA Cosmochem Program, Planetary Studies Fdn, Reg Lorraine ID METEORITE C1 [Stroud, R. M.; De Gregorio, B. T.; Zega, T. J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Alexander, C. M. O'D; Cody, G. D.; Nittler, L. R.] Carnegie Inst Washington, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Kilcoyne, A. L. D.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI De Gregorio, Bradley/B-8465-2008; Kilcoyne, David/I-1465-2013 OI De Gregorio, Bradley/0000-0001-9096-3545; NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 44 BP A196 EP A196 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 461ZO UT WOS:000267314500368 ER PT J AU Zega, TJ Cosarinsky, M MacPherson, GJ McKeegan, KD AF Zega, T. J. Cosarinsky, M. MacPherson, G. J. McKeegan, K. D. TI FIB-TEM ANALYIS ON A WARK-LOVERING RIM FROM THE VIGARANO CV3 CHONDRITE SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 72nd Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY JUL 13-18, 2009 CL Nancy, FRANCE SP Meteorit Soc, Barringer Crateer Co, Ctr Natl Etudes Spatiales, Ctr Natl rech Sci, Ctr Rech Petrog & Geochim, Communaute Urbaine Grand Nancy, Conseil Gen Meurthe & Moselle, Inst Natl Sci Univ, Lunar & Planetary Inst, Minist Enseignement Superieur & Rech, Nancy Univ, NASA Cosmochem Program, Planetary Studies Fdn, Reg Lorraine ID CAI C1 [Zega, T. J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cosarinsky, M.] Univ Bern, Bern, Switzerland. [MacPherson, G. J.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [McKeegan, K. D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. EM tzega@nrl.navy.mil NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 44 BP A226 EP A226 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 461ZO UT WOS:000267314500427 ER PT J AU Knipling, KE Daniil, M Willard, MA AF Knipling, K. E. Daniil, M. Willard, M. A. TI Partitioning Behavior of Al and Si in FINEMET Nanocrystalline Soft Magnetic Alloys, as Studied by Atom-Probe Tomography SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Knipling, K. E.; Daniil, M.; Willard, M. A.] USN, Multifunt Mat Branch, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Daniil, M.] George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20052 USA. RP Knipling, KE (reprint author), USN, Multifunt Mat Branch, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Willard, Matthew/0000-0001-5052-8012 FU Office of Naval Research FX This research is supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 15 SU 2 BP 266 EP 267 DI 10.1017/S1431927609095567 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA V20CW UT WOS:000208119100131 ER PT J AU Bassim, ND De Gregorio, BT Kilcoyne, ADL Scott, K Chou, T Wirick, S Cody, G Fischione, P Liu, JH Stroud, RM AF Bassim, Nabil D. De Gregorio, Bradley T. Kilcoyne, A. D. L. Scott, Keana Chou, Tsengming Wirick, S. Cody, George Fischione, Paul Liu, Junhai Stroud, Rhonda M. TI Towards Low-Damage TEM sample preparation of Carbonaceous Materials in the Focused Ion Beam SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bassim, Nabil D.; De Gregorio, Bradley T.; Stroud, Rhonda M.] USN, Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kilcoyne, A. D. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Scott, Keana] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Chou, Tsengming] FEI Co, Hillsboro, OR USA. [Wirick, S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Cody, George] Carnegie Inst Washington, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Fischione, Paul; Liu, Junhai] EA Fischione Instruments Inc, Export, PA USA. RP Bassim, ND (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Code 6366,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM nabil.bassim@nrl.navy.mil RI De Gregorio, Bradley/B-8465-2008; Scott, Keana/J-5717-2015 OI De Gregorio, Bradley/0000-0001-9096-3545; NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 15 SU 2 BP 342 EP 343 DI 10.1017/S143192760909878X PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA V20CW UT WOS:000208119100169 ER PT J AU Picard, YN Mazeina, L Maximenko, S Freitas, JA Prokes, SM Twigg, ME AF Picard, Y. N. Mazeina, L. Maximenko, S. Freitas, J. A. Prokes, S. M. Twigg, M. E. TI Structure and Orientation Determination of Metal-Oxide Nanostructures by Electron Backscatter Diffraction SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID NANOWIRES C1 [Picard, Y. N.; Mazeina, L.; Maximenko, S.; Freitas, J. A.; Prokes, S. M.; Twigg, M. E.] USN, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Picard, YN (reprint author), USN, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Picard, Yoosuf/0000-0002-2853-5213 NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 15 SU 2 BP 402 EP 403 DI 10.1017/S1431927609094240 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA V20CW UT WOS:000208119100199 ER PT J AU Lauridsen, EM Ludwig, W Poulsen, SO du Roscoat, SR Reischig, P King, A Lyckegaard, A Fonda, RW AF Lauridsen, E. M. Ludwig, W. Poulsen, S. O. du Roscoat, S. Rolland Reischig, P. King, A. Lyckegaard, A. Fonda, R. W. TI Three-Dimensional Characterization of Polycrystalline Materials by Combination of X-ray Diffraction and X-ray Imaging Techniques SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lauridsen, E. M.; Poulsen, S. O.; Lyckegaard, A.] Tech Univ Denmark, Riso Natl Lab Sustainable Energy, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. [Ludwig, W.; du Roscoat, S. Rolland; Reischig, P.] European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. [King, A.] Univ Manchester, Sch Mat, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Fonda, R. W.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lauridsen, EM (reprint author), Tech Univ Denmark, Riso Natl Lab Sustainable Energy, POB 49, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. RI Ludwig, Wolfgang/G-5823-2012; OI Lauridsen, Erik/0000-0002-4923-8373 FU Danish National Research Foundation; Danish Natural Science Research Council (via DANSCATT); Office of Naval Research; DARPA [N00015-05-1-0510, N00014-08-WX20726]; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council FX The authors thank the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility for provision of beam time. E.M.L., W.L., S.P. and A.L. acknowledge the Danish National Research Foundation and the Danish Natural Science Research Council (via DANSCATT) for supporting the Center for Fundamental Research: Metal Structures in 4D, within which part of this work was performed and E.M.L. and R.W.F. furthermore acknowledge the support jointly sponsored by the Office of Naval Research and DARPA as part of the Dynamic 3-D Digital Structure Program (Grant numbers N00015-05-1-0510 & N00014-08-WX20726). A.K. acknowledges funding received from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 16 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 15 SU 2 BP 616 EP 617 DI 10.1017/S1431927609098328 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA V20CW UT WOS:000208119100305 ER PT J AU Rowenhorst, DJ Lewis, AC Spanos, G AF Rowenhorst, D. J. Lewis, A. C. Spanos, G. TI Grain Boundary Curvature Analysis of beta-Grains in Ti-21S SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Rowenhorst, D. J.; Lewis, A. C.; Spanos, G.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rowenhorst, DJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6350, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research; DARPA FX This work was jointly sponsored by the Office of Naval Research and DARPA as part of the Dynamic 3-D Digital Structure Program. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 15 SU 2 BP 640 EP 641 DI 10.1017/S1431927609094082 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA V20CW UT WOS:000208119100317 ER PT J AU Picard, YN Twigg, ME Caldwell, JD Eddy, CR Mastro, MA Holm, RT AF Picard, Y. N. Twigg, M. E. Caldwell, J. D. Eddy, C. R., Jr. Mastro, M. A. Holm, R. T. TI Using Multiple Contrast Mechanisms via Forescatter Electron Channeling Contrast Imaging to Resolve the Burgers Vector of GaN Threading Dislocations SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Picard, Y. N.; Twigg, M. E.; Caldwell, J. D.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.; Mastro, M. A.; Holm, R. T.] USN, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Picard, YN (reprint author), USN, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008; OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168; Picard, Yoosuf/0000-0002-2853-5213 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 15 SU 2 BP 674 EP 675 DI 10.1017/S1431927609094562 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA V20CW UT WOS:000208119100334 ER PT J AU Twigg, ME Picard, YN Caldwell, JD Eddy, CR AF Twigg, M. E. Picard, Y. N. Caldwell, J. D. Eddy, C. R., Jr. TI Burgers Vector Determination of Threading Screw Dislocations in 4H-SiC via Forescattered Electron Channeling Contrast Imaging SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Twigg, M. E.; Picard, Y. N.; Caldwell, J. D.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Twigg, ME (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008; OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168; Picard, Yoosuf/0000-0002-2853-5213 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 15 SU 2 BP 1018 EP 1019 DI 10.1017/S1431927609092319 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA V20CW UT WOS:000208119100503 ER PT J AU Nasky, KM Hines, NN Simmer, E AF Nasky, Kevin M. Hines, Neil N. Simmer, Edward TI The USS Cole Bombing: Analysis of Pre-Existing Factors as Predictors for Development of Post-Traumatic Stress or Depressive Disorders SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RISK-FACTORS; SOCIAL SUPPORT; SYMPTOMS; SOLDIERS; TRAUMA; EVENTS; PTSD; METAANALYSIS; COMMUNITY; VETERANS AB Objective: To determine if pre-existing demographic factors (e.g., age, marital status, military rank) forecasted predisposition or resilience to the development of post-traumatic stress or depressive symptoms in the crew of the USS Cole following the suicide bombing in 2000. Method: The Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale and the Impact of Event Scale Revised (IES-R) were administered to the crew. Demographic data were also collected and analyzed to discover to what extent, if any, pre-existing demographic factors had on the mean scores of the Zung and IES-R. Results: The results revealed that higher rank, older age, and male gender were protective factors against developing symptoms of post-traumatic stress; whereas lower rank, younger age, female gender, and having been injured or having had a friend injured or killed were associated with the development of symptoms. Other pre-existing factors examined did not demonstrate any predictive value. Conclusions: These findings increase our understanding of which pre-existing demographic factors might portend susceptibility to the development of post-traumatic stress and depressive symptoms, knowledge that we hope can contribute to the U.S. military's ongoing efforts to develop therapeutic interventions better targeted to individual needs. C1 [Nasky, Kevin M.; Hines, Neil N.] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Simmer, Edward] Def Ctr Excellence Psychol Hlth & Traumat Brain I, Rosslyn, VA 22209 USA. RP Nasky, KM (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 174 IS 7 BP 689 EP 694 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LE UT WOS:000278060100004 PM 19685839 ER PT J AU Gronroos, NN Zouris, JM Wade, AL AF Gronroos, Noelle N. Zouris, James M. Wade, Amber L. TI Odds of Hospitalization Among Marine Corps Personnel by Military Occupational Specialty and Causative Agents During OEF and OIF SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OPERATION ENDURING FREEDOM; IRAQI-FREEDOM; COMBAT; INJURIES; SOLDIERS; WOUNDS AB Objective: This study investigated the risk of hospitalization among Marines deployed during Operations Enduring and Iraqi Freedom by military occupational specialty (MOS). Methods: Trends in risk of hospitalization as a function of injury cause (explosive munitions and small arms [EM/SA]), anatomical location, and injury type were analyzed to identify which MOSs were more likely to have open wound injuries or trauma to the extremities. The study population consisted of 163,939 Marines deployed at any time during the study period (September 11, 2001-January 31, 2007). Hospitalized Marines (n = 2,718) were matched to nonhospitalized Marines on rank, time deployed, and number of deployments. Results: Noninfantry MOSs had lower risk of hospitalization compared with infantry, regardless of injury cause or location. Trends differed for EM/SA versus other injury causative agents, but did not differ by anatomical location among EM/SA. Conclusion: This information allows for quantitative assessment of risk by MOS in combat situations. C1 [Gronroos, Noelle N.] San Diego State Univ, Res Fdn, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Gronroos, Noelle N.; Zouris, James M.; Wade, Amber L.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Gronroos, NN (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Res Fdn, 5250 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. FU Science Applications International Corporation; Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA; Marine Corps Warfighting Laboratory [63706N.M0095.60511] FX This research could have not been done without various key personnel. We thank Thierry Nedellac; Paula Konoske, PhD; Michael Galarneau, MS; and Michelle Stoia from the Naval Health Research Center as well as the Defense Manpower Data Center. We appreciate the support of the Science Applications International Corporation, 10260 Campus Point Dr., San Diego, CA 92121. This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA, and the Marine Corps Warfighting Laboratory under Work Unit No. 63706N.M0095.60511. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 174 IS 7 BP 715 EP 720 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LE UT WOS:000278060100008 PM 19685843 ER PT J AU Larson, GE Booth-Kewley, S Highfill-McRoy, RM Young, SYN AF Larson, Gerald E. Booth-Kewley, Stephanie Highfill-McRoy, Robyn M. Young, Sylvia Y. N. TI Prospective Analysis of Psychiatric Risk Factors in Marines Sent to War SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES; VIETNAM VETERANS; SYMPTOMS; EXPOSURE; SMOKING; EVENTS; TRAUMA; PTSD AB The objective of this longitudinal study was to identify risk factors for combat-related psychiatric disorders. The sample consisted of 6,442 enlisted U.S. Marines who completed a questionnaire during basic training, deployed to a combat zone with no prior psychiatric diagnoses, and completed a postdeployment assessment form. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to determine associations between predeployment and postdeployrnent self-reports and subsequent mental health outcomes. During the observation period, 6.8% of the sample were diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder. The strongest predictors of postdeployment psychiatric disorders were, in order of importance, low paygrade, hospitalization during deployment, low education, preservice smoking, and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms at deployment's end. The impact of war zone variables was smaller than expected. It was recommended that the combat experience section of the military's postdeployment assessment form be expanded to enhance the military's ability to identify and refer personnel who may be at risk for psychiatric disorders. C1 [Larson, Gerald E.; Booth-Kewley, Stephanie; Highfill-McRoy, Robyn M.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Highfill-McRoy, Robyn M.] Sci Applicat Int Corp Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Young, Sylvia Y. N.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Larson, GE (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. FU Bureau of Medicine and Surgery [60518] FX The authors thank Dr. Cedric Garland for providing helpful comments on the manuscript. This report was supported by the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, under Work Unit No. 60518. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 4 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 174 IS 7 BP 737 EP 744 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LE UT WOS:000278060100011 PM 19685846 ER PT J AU Zhang, FQ Weng, YH Sippel, JA Meng, ZY Bishop, CH AF Zhang, Fuqing Weng, Yonghui Sippel, Jason A. Meng, Zhiyong Bishop, Craig H. TI Cloud-Resolving Hurricane Initialization and Prediction through Assimilation of Doppler Radar Observations with an Ensemble Kalman Filter SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID SCALE DATA ASSIMILATION; VARIATIONAL DATA ASSIMILATION; ATMOSPHERIC DATA ASSIMILATION; MOIST BAROCLINIC WAVES; MESOSCALE PREDICTABILITY; MULTIMODEL SUPERENSEMBLE; TROPICAL CYCLOGENESIS; MODEL EXPERIMENTS; ERROR COVARIANCE; FORECAST SYSTEM AB This study explores the assimilation of Doppler radar radial velocity observations for cloud-resolving hurricane analysis, initialization, and prediction with an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF). The case studied is Hurricane Humberto (2007), the first landfalling hurricane in the United States since the end of the 2005 hurricane season and the most rapidly intensifying near-landfall storm in U. S. history. The storm caused extensive damage along the southeast Texas coast but was poorly predicted by operational models and forecasters. It is found that the EnKF analysis, after assimilating radial velocity observations from three Weather Surveillance Radars-1988 Doppler (WSR-88Ds) along the Gulf coast, closely represents the best-track position and intensity of Humberto. Deterministic forecasts initialized from the EnKF analysis, despite displaying considerable variability with different lead times, are also capable of predicting the rapid formation and intensification of the hurricane. These forecasts are also superior to simulations without radar data assimilation or with a three-dimensional variational scheme assimilating the same radar observations. Moreover, nearly all members from the ensemble forecasts initialized with EnKF analysis perturbations predict rapid formation and intensification of the storm. However, the large ensemble spread of peak intensity, which ranges from a tropical storm to a category 2 hurricane, echoes limited predictability in deterministic forecasts of the storm and the potential of using ensembles for probabilistic forecasts of hurricanes. C1 [Zhang, Fuqing] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Weng, Yonghui] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Weng, Yonghui] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Sch, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Weng, Yonghui; Sippel, Jason A.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX USA. [Meng, Zhiyong] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Dept Atmospher Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Bishop, Craig H.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA USA. RP Zhang, FQ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, 503 Walker Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM fzhang@psu.edu RI Meng, Zhiyong/K-8351-2012; Zhang, Fuqing/E-6522-2010 OI Zhang, Fuqing/0000-0003-4860-9985 FU NSF [ATM-0205599]; Office of Navy Research [N000140410471] FX The authors benefited from discussions with Kerry Emanuel, Chris Snyder, Chris Davis, Jim Hansen, Jim Doyle, Pete Black, Tim Dunkerton, Shuyi Chen, and Dave Nolan. We thank two anonymous reviewers and the editor Tom Hamill for their valuable review comments. This research is supported by NSF Grant ATM-0205599 and by the Office of Navy Research under the Young Investigator Program (Award N000140410471). NR 59 TC 147 Z9 156 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 137 IS 7 BP 2105 EP 2125 DI 10.1175/2009MWR2645.1 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 480YH UT WOS:000268772700004 ER PT J AU Bennett, BR Ancona, MG Boos, JB AF Bennett, Brian R. Ancona, Mario G. Boos, J. Brad TI Compound Semiconductors for Low-Power p-Channel Field-Effect Transistors SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID STRAINED-QUANTUM-WELL; DIMENSIONAL HOLE GAS; LOGIC APPLICATIONS; HIGH-PERFORMANCE; HIGH-SPEED; N-CHANNEL; MODFETS; HFETS AB Research in n-channel field-effect transistors based upon III-V compound semiconductors has been very productive over the last 30 years, with successful applications in a variety of high-speed analog circuits. For digital applications, complementary circuits are desirable to minimize static power consumption. Hence, p-channel transistors are also needed. Unfortunately hole mobilities are generally much lower than electron mobilities for III-V compounds. This article reviews the recent work to enhance hole mobilities in antimonide-based quantum wells. Epitaxial heterostructures have been grown with the channel material in 1-2% compressive strain. The strain modifies the valence band structure, resulting in hole mobilities as high as 1500 cm(2)/Vs. The next steps toward an ultra-low-power complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology will include development of a compatible insulator technology and integration of n- and p-channel transistors. C1 [Bennett, Brian R.; Ancona, Mario G.] USN, Res Lab, Nanotechnol Sect, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Boos, J. Brad] NRL, High Speed Low Power Devices Sect, Washington, DC USA. RP Bennett, BR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Nanotechnol Sect, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM bennett@nrl.navy.mil; ancona@nrl.navy.mil; boos@nrl.navy.mil RI Bennett, Brian/A-8850-2008 OI Bennett, Brian/0000-0002-2437-4213 FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors thank their collaborators at NRL, including R. Bass, J.G. Champlain, S.A. Khan, W. Kruppa, N.A. Papanicolaou, D. Park, and B.V Shanabrook. The Office of Naval Research partially supported this work. NR 34 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 4 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 34 IS 7 BP 530 EP 536 DI 10.1557/mrs2009.141 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 472VB UT WOS:000268159400019 ER PT J AU Jernigan, GG VanMil, BL Tedesco, JL Tischler, JG Glaser, ER Davidson, A Campbell, PM Gaskill, DK AF Jernigan, Glenn G. VanMil, Brenda L. Tedesco, Joseph L. Tischler, Joseph G. Glaser, Evan R. Davidson, Anthony, III Campbell, Paul M. Gaskill, D. Kurt TI Comparison of Epitaxial Graphene on Si-face and C-face 4H SiC Formed by Ultrahigh Vacuum and RF Furnace Production SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SILICON-CARBIDE; GRAPHITE; SUBSTRATE; LAYERS AB We present X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, van der Pauw Hall mobilities, low-temperature far-infrared magneto transmission (FIR-MT), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) results from graphene films produced by radiative heating in an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) chamber or produced by radio frequency (RF) furnace annealing in a high vacuum chemical vapor deposition system on Si- and C-face 4H SiC substrates at 1200-1600 degrees C. Although the vacuum level and heating methods are different, graphene films produced by the two methods are chemically similar with the RF furnace annealing typically producing thicker graphene films than UHV. We observe, however, that the formation of graphene on the two faces is different with the thicker graphene films on the C-face RF samples having higher mobility. The FIR-MT showed a 0(-1) -> 1(0) Lanclau, level transition with a root B dependence and a line width consistent with a Dirac fermion with a mobility >250 000 cm(2).V(-1).s(-1) at 4.2 K in a C-face RF sample having a Hall-effect carrier mobility of 425 cm(2).V(-1).s(-1) at 300 K. AFM shows that graphene grows continuously over the varying morphology of both Si and C-face substrates. C1 [Jernigan, Glenn G.; VanMil, Brenda L.; Tedesco, Joseph L.; Tischler, Joseph G.; Glaser, Evan R.; Davidson, Anthony, III; Campbell, Paul M.; Gaskill, D. Kurt] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Jernigan, GG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Code 6800,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM glenn.jernigan@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; ASEE FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. B.L.V. and J.L.T. acknowledge support from the ASEE for Postdoctoral Research Fellowships. NR 26 TC 79 Z9 80 U1 5 U2 60 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 9 IS 7 BP 2605 EP 2609 DI 10.1021/nl900803z PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 472NK UT WOS:000268138600017 PM 19583281 ER PT J AU Reveles, JU Clayborne, PA Reber, AC Khanna, SN Pradhan, K Sen, P Pederson, MR AF Reveles, J. Ulises Clayborne, Penee A. Reber, Arthur C. Khanna, Shiv N. Pradhan, Kalpataru Sen, Prasenjit Pederson, Mark R. TI Designer magnetic superatoms SO NATURE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SIMPLE METAL-CLUSTERS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; BUILDING-BLOCKS; PROTECTED AU-25; JELLIUM MODEL; SOLIDS; TRANSITION; STABILITY; PHYSICS AB The quantum states in metal clusters are grouped into bunches of close-lying eigenvalues, termed electronic shells, similar to those of atoms. Filling of the electronic shells with paired electrons results in local minima in energy to give stable species called magic clusters. This led to the realization that selected clusters mimic chemical properties of elemental atoms on the periodic table and can be classified as superatoms. So far the work on superatoms has focused on nonmagnetic species. Here we propose a framework for magnetic superatoms by invoking systems that have both localized and delocalized electronic states, in which localized electrons stabilize magnetic moments and filled nearly-free electron shells lead to stable species. An isolated VCs(8) and a ligated MnAu(24)(SH)(18) are shown to be such magnetic superatoms. The magnetic superatoms' assemblies could be ideal for molecular electronic devices, as the coupling could be altered by charging or weak fields. C1 [Reveles, J. Ulises; Clayborne, Penee A.; Reber, Arthur C.; Khanna, Shiv N.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Phys, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Pradhan, Kalpataru; Sen, Prasenjit] Harish Chandra Res Inst, Allahabad 211019, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Pederson, Mark R.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Comp Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Reveles, JU (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Phys, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. EM snkhanna@vcu.edu RI Pradhan, Kalpataru/B-9091-2009; Sen, Prasenjit/F-4713-2010; Reveles, J Ulises/B-2655-2009; Clayborne, Andre/E-4881-2010; Reber, Arthur/A-3698-2009 OI Pradhan, Kalpataru/0000-0002-1503-5420; Sen, Prasenjit/0000-0002-6334-0091; Clayborne, Andre/0000-0002-0574-0847; Reber, Arthur/0000-0003-1013-331X FU US Department of the Army through a MURI FX We gratefully acknowledge support from the US Department of the Army through a MURI grant. Parts of the computations were performed at the cluster computing facility at the Harish-Chandra Research Institute, and on the computational equipment of La Direccion General de Servicios de Computo Academico de la Universidad Nacional Auto noma de Mexico, particularly at the super computer KanBalam. NR 44 TC 106 Z9 107 U1 10 U2 56 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1755-4330 J9 NAT CHEM JI Nat. Chem. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 1 IS 4 BP 310 EP 315 DI 10.1038/NCHEM.249 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 483VN UT WOS:000268996900016 PM 21378872 ER PT J AU Terraciano, ML Knell, RO Norris, DG Jing, J Fernandez, A Orozco, LA AF Terraciano, M. L. Knell, R. Olson Norris, D. G. Jing, J. Fernandez, A. Orozco, L. A. TI Photon burst detection of single atoms in an optical cavity SO NATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; MOLECULE; TRAP AB Many protocols in atomic physics and quantum information hinge on the ability to detect the presence of neutral atoms(1-4). Up to now, two avenues have been favoured: the direct detection of spontaneously emitted photons using high-quality optics(5-7), or the observation of changes in light transmission through cavity mirrors due to strong atom-photon coupling(8-11). Here, we present an approach that combines these two methods by detecting an atom in a driven cavity mode through the collection of spontaneous emission and forward scattering into an undriven, orthogonally polarized cavity mode. Moderate atom-cavity coupling enhances the signal, enabling the detection of multiple photons from the same atom. This real-time measurement can establish the presence of a single freely moving atom in less than 1 mu s with more than 99.7% confidence, using coincidence measurements to decrease the rate of false detections. C1 [Terraciano, M. L.; Knell, R. Olson; Norris, D. G.; Jing, J.; Orozco, L. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Terraciano, M. L.; Knell, R. Olson; Norris, D. G.; Jing, J.; Orozco, L. A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Fernandez, A.] Univ Concepcion, Ctr Opt & Informac Cuant, Dept Fis, Concepcion 4070386, Chile. RP Terraciano, ML (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM lorozco@umd.edu RI Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD/H-4494-2011; Fernandez-Perez, Arturo/D-3792-2013; Optica y Fotonica, Centro/I-4347-2015 OI Fernandez-Perez, Arturo/0000-0002-4379-3296; FU NIST; NSF FX This work was supported by NIST and NSF. We are grateful to PicoQuant Photonics for their loan of the PicoHarp 300 time-correlated single photon counting module. NR 28 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 12 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1745-2473 J9 NAT PHYS JI Nat. Phys. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 5 IS 7 BP 480 EP 484 DI 10.1038/NPHYS1282 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 473PP UT WOS:000268220100014 ER PT J AU Paulus, MP Potterat, EG Taylor, MK Van Orden, KF Bauman, J Momen, N Padilla, GA Swaine, JL AF Paulus, Martin P. Potterat, Eric G. Taylor, Marcus K. Van Orden, Karl F. Bauman, James Momen, Nausheen Padilla, Genieleah A. Swaine, Judith L. TI A neuroscience approach to optimizing brain resources for human performance in extreme environments SO NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Performance; Stress; Elite athlete; Warfighter; Sport; Cognition; Emotion ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING-FACTOR; ANTERIOR CINGULATE CORTEX; COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE; PSYCHOLOGICAL MEASURES; CENTRAL NUCLEUS; SPACE MISSIONS; SLEEP LOSS; STRESS; BEHAVIOR; ANXIETY AB Extreme environments requiring optimal cognitive and behavioral performance occur in a wide variety of situations ranging from complex combat operations to elite athletic competitions. Although a large literature characterizes psychological and other aspects of individual differences in performances in extreme environments, virtually nothing is known about the underlying neural basis for these differences. This review summarizes the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral consequences of exposure to extreme environments, discusses predictors of performance, and builds a case for the use of neuroscience approaches to quantify and understand optimal cognitive and behavioral performance. Extreme environments are defined as an external context that exposes individuals to demanding psychological and/or physical conditions, and which may have profound effects on cognitive and behavioral performance. Examples of these types of environments include combat situations, Olympic-level competition, and expeditions in extreme cold, at high altitudes, or in space. Optimal performance is defined as the degree to which individuals achieve a desired outcome when completing goal-oriented tasks. It is hypothesized that individual variability with respect to optimal performance in extreme environments depends on a well "contextualized" internal body state that is associated with an appropriate potential to act. This hypothesis can be translated into an experimental approach that may be useful for quantifying the degree to which individuals are particularly suited to performing optimally in demanding environments. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Paulus, Martin P.; Swaine, Judith L.] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037 USA. [Taylor, Marcus K.; Van Orden, Karl F.; Momen, Nausheen; Padilla, Genieleah A.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Bauman, James] US Olympic Training Ctr, Chula Vista, CA 91915 USA. [Potterat, Eric G.] Naval Special Warfare Ctr, San Diego, CA 92155 USA. [Paulus, Martin P.; Potterat, Eric G.; Taylor, Marcus K.; Van Orden, Karl F.; Bauman, James; Momen, Nausheen; Padilla, Genieleah A.; Swaine, Judith L.] OptiBrain Consortium, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Swaine, Judith L.] Natl Univ Singapore, Singapore 117548, Singapore. [Swaine, Judith L.] ASTAR, Singapore Inst Clin Sci, Singapore, Singapore. RP Paulus, MP (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, San Diego, CA 92037 USA. EM mpaulus@ucsd.edu FU NIDA NIH HHS [R03 DA020687-02, R03 DA020687] NR 77 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 30 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0149-7634 J9 NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV R JI Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 33 IS 7 BP 1080 EP 1088 DI 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2009.05.003 PG 9 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 475QM UT WOS:000268375300008 PM 19447132 ER PT J AU Brown, GG Carlyle, WM Harney, RC Skroch, EM Wood, RK AF Brown, Gerald G. Carlyle, W. Matthew Harney, Robert C. Skroch, Eric M. Wood, R. Kevin TI Interdicting a Nuclear-Weapons Project SO OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB A "proliferator" seeks to complete a first small batch of fission weapons as quickly as possible, whereas an "interdictor" wishes to delay that completion for as long as possible. We develop and solve a max-min model that identifies resource-limited interdiction actions that maximally delay completion time of the proliferator's weapons project, given that the proliferator will observe any such actions and adjust his plans to minimize that time. The model incorporates a detailed project-management ( critical path method) submodel, and standard optimization software solves the model in a few minutes on a personal computer. We exploit off-the-shelf project-management software to manage a database, control the optimization, and display results. Using a range of levels for interdiction effort, we analyze a published case study that models three alternate uranium-enrichment technologies. The task of "cascade loading" appears in all technologies and turns out to be an inherent fragility for the proliferator at all levels of interdiction effort. Such insights enable policy makers to quantify the effects of interdiction options at their disposal, be they diplomatic, economic, or military. C1 [Brown, Gerald G.; Carlyle, W. Matthew; Wood, R. Kevin] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93942 USA. [Harney, Robert C.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Syst Engn, Monterey, CA 93942 USA. [Skroch, Eric M.] Northrop Grumman Corp, Virginia Beach, VA 23452 USA. RP Brown, GG (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93942 USA. EM gbrown@nps.edu; mcarlyle@nps.edu; harney@nps.edu; eskroch@mac.com; kwood@nps.edu OI Wood, Kevin/0000-0002-0311-8712 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Office of Naval Research FX The authors thank the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the Office of Naval Research of their research support. NR 28 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 7 PU INFORMS PI HANOVER PA 7240 PARKWAY DR, STE 310, HANOVER, MD 21076-1344 USA SN 0030-364X J9 OPER RES JI Oper. Res. PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 57 IS 4 BP 866 EP 877 DI 10.1287/opre.1080.0643 PG 12 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 497CU UT WOS:000270032800006 ER PT J AU Dew, N AF Dew, Nicholas TI Serendipity in Entrepreneurship SO ORGANIZATION STUDIES LA English DT Article DE serendipity; entrepreneurship; opportunity ID OPPORTUNITY IDENTIFICATION; DISCOVERY; KNOWLEDGE; ECONOMICS; DYNAMICS; PATTERNS; RESOURCE; STRATEGY; SCIENCE; MARKET AB This paper addresses the concept of serendipity in entrepreneurship, defined as search leading to unintended discovery. It conceptually delineates serendipity, showing how it is related to the entrepreneurship literature on prior knowledge and systematic search. The paper also discusses how serendipitous entrepreneurship relates to some aspects of evolutionary theory, socio-economic institutions, and social psychology. It is suggested that serendipity may be a quite prevalent feature of entrepreneurship and thus has implications for both research and practice. C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Dew, N (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM ndew@nps.edu NR 74 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 5 U2 32 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0170-8406 EI 1741-3044 J9 ORGAN STUD JI Organ. Stud. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 30 IS 7 BP 735 EP 753 DI 10.1177/0170840609104815 PG 19 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA 468FC UT WOS:000267801200003 ER PT J AU Krous, HF Ferandos, C Masoumi, H Arnold, J Haas, EA Stanley, C Grossfeld, PD AF Krous, Henry F. Ferandos, Christine Masoumi, Homeyra Arnold, John Haas, Elisabeth A. Stanley, Christina Grossfeld, Paul D. TI Myocardial Inflammation, Cellular Death, and Viral Detection in Sudden Infant Death Caused by SIDS, Suffocation, or Myocarditis SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ENTEROVIRUS-INDUCED MYOCARDITIS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; FATAL MUMPS MYOCARDITIS; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES; COXSACKIEVIRUS MYOCARDITIS; ENDOMYOCARDIAL BIOPSY; DIAGNOSIS; VIRUSES; CARDIOMYOPATHY; PATHOGENESIS AB The significance of minor myocardial inflammatory infiltrates and viral detection in SIDS is controversial. We retrospectively compared the demographic profiles, myocardial inflammation, cardiomyocyte necrosis, and myocardial virus detection in infants who died of SIDS in a safe sleep environment, accidental suffocation, or myocarditis. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded myocardial sections were semiquantitatively assessed for CD3 lymphocytes and CD68 macrophages using immunohistochemistry and for cardiomyocyte cell death in H&E-stained sections. Enteroviruses and adenoviruses were searched for using PCR technology. The means of lymphocytes, macrophages, and necrotic cardiomyocytes were not statistically different in SIDS and suffocation cases. Enterovirus, not otherwise specified, was detected in one suffocation case and was the only virus detected in the three groups. Very mild myocardial lymphocyte and macrophage infiltration and scattered necrotic cardiomyocytes in SIDS are not pathologic, but may occur after the developing heart is exposed to environmental pathogens, including viruses. (Pediatr Res 66: 17-21, 2009) C1 [Krous, Henry F.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pathol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Grossfeld, Paul D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pediat, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Krous, Henry F.; Ferandos, Christine; Masoumi, Homeyra; Haas, Elisabeth A.; Grossfeld, Paul D.] Rady Childrens Hosp, Dept Pathol, San Diego, CA 92123 USA. [Krous, Henry F.; Ferandos, Christine; Masoumi, Homeyra; Haas, Elisabeth A.; Grossfeld, Paul D.] Rady Childrens Hosp, Dept Cardiol, San Diego, CA 92123 USA. [Arnold, John] USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Stanley, Christina] San Diego Cty Med Examiner Off, San Diego, CA 92123 USA. RP Krous, HF (reprint author), Rady Childrens Hosp & Hlth Ctr, 3020 Childrens Way,MC5007, San Diego, CA 92123 USA. EM hkrous@rchsd.org FU CJ Foundation for SIDS; First Candle/SIDS Alliance; Orange County Guild for Infant Survival FX Supported by the CJ Foundation for SIDS, First Candle/SIDS Alliance, and the Orange County Guild for Infant Survival. NR 43 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 W CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 66 IS 1 BP 17 EP 21 PG 5 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 461FF UT WOS:000267249300005 PM 19287341 ER PT J AU Hutcheson, A Angell, C Becker, JA Crowell, AS Dashdorj, D Fallin, B Fotiades, N Howell, CR Karwowski, HJ Kawano, T Kelley, JH Kwan, E Macri, RA Nelson, RO Pedroni, RS Tonchev, AP Tornow, W AF Hutcheson, A. Angell, C. Becker, J. A. Crowell, A. S. Dashdorj, D. Fallin, B. Fotiades, N. Howell, C. R. Karwowski, H. J. Kawano, T. Kelley, J. H. Kwan, E. Macri, R. A. Nelson, R. O. Pedroni, R. S. Tonchev, A. P. Tornow, W. TI Cross sections for U-238(n,n(')gamma) and U-238(n,2n gamma) reactions at incident neutron energies between 5 and 14 MeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article AB Precision measurements of U-238(n,n(')gamma) and U-238(n,2n gamma) partial cross sections have been performed at Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL) to improve crucial data needed for testing nuclear reaction models in the actinide mass region. A pulsed and monoenergetic neutron beam was used in combination with high-resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy to obtain partial cross sections for incident neutron energies between 5 and 14 MeV. gamma-ray yields were measured with high-purity germanium clover and planar detectors. Measured partial cross-section data are compared with previous results using white and monoenergetic neutron beams and calculations from the GNASH and TALYS Hauser-Feshbach statistical-model codes. Present experimental results are in fair to good agreement with most of the existing data for the U-238(n,n(')gamma) reaction. However, significant discrepancies are observed for the U-238(n,2n gamma) reaction. C1 [Dashdorj, D.; Kelley, J. H.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Angell, C.; Karwowski, H. J.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Pedroni, R. S.] N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. [Hutcheson, A.; Angell, C.; Crowell, A. S.; Fallin, B.; Howell, C. R.; Karwowski, H. J.; Kelley, J. H.; Kwan, E.; Pedroni, R. S.; Tonchev, A. P.; Tornow, W.] Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Fotiades, N.; Kawano, T.; Nelson, R. O.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Becker, J. A.; Dashdorj, D.; Macri, R. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Hutcheson, A.; Crowell, A. S.; Fallin, B.; Howell, C. R.; Kwan, E.; Tonchev, A. P.; Tornow, W.] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Hutcheson, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM hutch@tunl.duke.edu FU National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-FG52-06NA26155]; US Department of Energy by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX We would like to thank C. K. Walker for valuable discussions. The research described in this work was supported by the National Nuclear Security Administration under the Stewardship Science Academic Alliance Program through US Department of Energy Grant No. DE-FG52-06NA26155. Portions of this work were performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396 and by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUL PY 2009 VL 80 IS 1 AR 014603 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.80.014603 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 478WE UT WOS:000268618500041 ER PT J AU Dahlburg, RB Horton, W Rowan, WL Correa, C Perez, JC AF Dahlburg, R. B. Horton, W. Rowan, W. L. Correa, C. Perez, J. C. TI Evolution of the bounded magnetized jet and comparison with Helimak experiments SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article DE plasma fluctuations; plasma instability; plasma jets; plasma magnetohydrodynamics; plasma toroidal confinement ID KELVIN-HELMHOLTZ INSTABILITY; RESISTIVE TEARING INSTABILITY; EQUILIBRIUM SHEAR-FLOW; SLOW SOLAR-WIND; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC STABILITY; CORONAL STREAMER; CURRENT SHEET; PLASMA-JET; TRANSITION; TURBULENCE AB Magnetized jets are important features of many systems of physical interest. To date, most interest has focused on solar and space physics and astrophysical applications, and hence the unbounded magnetized jet, and its cousin, the unbounded magnetized wake, have received the most attention. This work presents calculations of a bounded, magnetized jet for a laboratory experiments in the Helimak device [K. W. Gentle and H. He, Plasma Sci. Technol. 10, 284 (2008)]. The Helimak device has a toroidal magnetic field with a controlled velocity flow that represents jets in bounded systems. Experimental and theoretical features include three spatial dimensions, the inclusion of resistivity and viscosity, and the presence of no-slip walls. The results of the linearized model are computed with a Chebyshev-tau algorithm. The bounding walls stabilize the ideal varicose mode found in unbounded magnetized jets. The ideal sinuous mode persists in the bounded system. A comparison theorem is proved showing that two-dimensional modes are more unstable than the corresponding three-dimensional modes for any given set of system parameters. This result is a generalization of the hydrodynamic Squires theorem. An energy-stress theorem indicates that the Maxwell stress is crucial for the growth of the instability. The results of the analysis are consistent with the observed plasma fluctuations with in the limits of using a simple model for the more complex measured jet velocity flow profile. The working gas is singly ionized argon and the jet velocity profile is accurately measured with Doppler shift spectroscopy. C1 [Dahlburg, R. B.] USN, Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Horton, W.; Rowan, W. L.; Correa, C.] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Fus Studies, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Horton, W.; Rowan, W. L.; Correa, C.] Univ Texas Austin, Fus Res Ctr, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Perez, J. C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Dahlburg, RB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Perez, Jean C/0000-0002-8841-6443 FU Office of Naval Research; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-04ER 54742]; NSF [ATM-0539099]; DE-NSF FX R. B. D. was supported by the Office of Naval Research. W. H., C. C., and J. P. were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-FG02-04ER 54742 and NSF Grant ATM-0539099. W. R. was supported by DE-NSF. The numerical computations were performed on the LCP&FD SGI Origin 3400. NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 2009 VL 16 IS 7 AR 072109 DI 10.1063/1.3166598 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 478UZ UT WOS:000268615200011 ER PT J AU Jones, B Johnson, RT AF Jones, Bradley Johnson, Rachel T. TI Design and Analysis for the Gaussian Process Model SO QUALITY AND RELIABILITY ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE surrogate model; computer experiments; space-filling designs; Latin hypercube design ID COMPUTER EXPERIMENTS; EXAMPLE AB In an effort to speed the development of new products and processes, many companies are turning to computer simulations to avoid the time and expense of building prototypes. These computer simulations are often complex, taking hours to complete one run. If there are many variables affecting the results of the simulation, then it makes sense to design an experiment to gain the most information possible from a limited number of computer simulation runs. The researcher can use the results of these runs to build a surrogate model of the computer simulation model. The absence of noise is the key difference between computer simulation experiments and experiments in the real world. Since there is no variability in the results of computer experiments, optimal designs, which are based on reducing the variance of some statistic, have questionable utility. Replication, usually a 'good thing'. is clearly undesirable in computer experiments. Thus, a new approach to experimentation is necessary. Published in 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Jones, Bradley] SAS Inst, Cary, NC 27513 USA. [Johnson, Rachel T.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Jones, B (reprint author), SAS Inst, SAS Campus Dr,Bldg S, Cary, NC 27513 USA. EM Bradley.Jones@jmp.com NR 40 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 4 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0748-8017 EI 1099-1638 J9 QUAL RELIAB ENG INT JI Qual. Reliab. Eng. Int. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 25 IS 5 BP 515 EP 524 DI 10.1002/qre.1044 PG 10 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 477WO UT WOS:000268549800002 ER PT J AU Jones, B Johnson, RT AF Jones, Bradley Johnson, Rachel T. TI Design and Analysis for the Gaussian Process Model: a Rejoinder SO QUALITY AND RELIABILITY ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Jones, Bradley] SAS Inst, Cary, NC 27513 USA. [Johnson, Rachel T.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Jones, B (reprint author), SAS Inst, Cary, NC 27513 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0748-8017 J9 QUAL RELIAB ENG INT JI Qual. Reliab. Eng. Int. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 25 IS 5 BP 549 EP 550 DI 10.1002/qre.1043 PG 2 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 477WO UT WOS:000268549800008 ER PT J AU Mclay, J Reynolds, CA AF McLay, Justin Reynolds, Carolyn A. TI Two alternative implementations of the ensemble-transform (ET) analysis-perturbation scheme: The ET with extended cycling intervals, and the ET without cycling SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE analysis; perturbations; tropics; predictability; cycling; interval; nonlinear; operator ID DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM; KALMAN FILTER; INITIAL PERTURBATIONS; STOCHASTIC CONVECTION; BAROCLINIC WAVES; SINGULAR VECTORS; ERROR GROWTH; MODEL; PREDICTION; PREDICTABILITY AB Four alternative approximate bases for the ensemble transform (ET) are obtained by extending the cycling interval to 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. Another alternative basis is obtained by foregoing cycling and instead drawing randomly generated perturbations from an archive. Experiments based upon 16-member global ensembles and a diagonal estimate of analysis-error covariance indicate that the alternative bases are effective at reducing the discrepancy between the ET analysis-perturbation variance and the estimated analysis-error variance. Forecast ensembles associated with the alternative bases maintain considerably more energy in the tropics and subtropics than the forecast ensemble associated with the original basis. Forecast ensembles associated with the alternative bases also outperform the original forecast ensemble in terms of the ensemble forecast-error covariance-matrix eigenvalue spectrum, the relationship between ensemble variance and observed squared error and the Brier score. The performance gains facilitated by the alternative approximate bases are substantial in some instances, especially in the tropics. The randomly sampled basis is superior to the original basis in most respects. Published in 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [McLay, Justin; Reynolds, Carolyn A.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Mclay, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM justin.mclay@nrlmry.navy.mil OI Reynolds, Carolyn/0000-0003-4690-4171 FU Naval Research Laboratory; Office of Naval Research [BE-033-03-04M] FX This research was sponsored by the Naval Research Laboratory and the Office of Naval Research under program element 0601153N, project number BE-033-03-04M. The DOD High Performance Computing program at NAVO MSRC provided the computing resources. The authors thank Dr Daniel Hodyss for many useful conversations on the subject matter. The comments of two anonymous, reviewers were instrumental in improving the manuscript. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0035-9009 J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 135 IS 642 BP 1200 EP 1213 DI 10.1002/qj.437 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 485XG UT WOS:000269158000007 ER PT J AU Smith, RK Montgomery, MT Van Sang, N AF Smith, Roger K. Montgomery, Michael T. Van Sang, Nguyen TI Tropical cyclone spin-up revisited SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE hurricane; typhoon; boundary layer; vortex intensification ID HURRICANE BOUNDARY-LAYER; MAXIMUM INTENSITY; SIMPLE-MODEL; ISABEL 2003; PART II; DYNAMICS; CORE; INTENSIFICATION; CIRCULATIONS; SIMULATION AB We present numerical experiments to investigate axisymmetric interpretations of tropical cyclone spin-up in a three-dimensional model. Two mechanisms are identified for the spin-up of the mean tangential circulation. The first involves the convergence of absolute angular momentum above the boundary layer and is a mechanism to Spill LIP the outer circulation, i.e. to increase the vortex size. The second involves the convergence of absolute angular momentum within the boundary layer and is a mechanism to spin up the inner core. It is associated with the development of supergradient wind speeds in the boundary layer. The existence of these two mechanisms provides a plausible physical explanation for certain Iona-standing observations of typhoons by Weatherford and Gray, which indicate that inner-core changes in the azimuthal-mean tangential wind speed often occur independently from those in the outer core. The unbalanced dynamics in the inner-core region are important in determining the maximum radial and tangential flow speeds that can be attained, and therefore important in determining the azimuthal-mean intensity of the vortex. We illustrate the importance of unbalanced flow in the boundary layer with a simple thought experiment. The analyses and interpretations presented are novel and support a recent hypothesis of the boundary layer in the inner-core region. Copyright (C) 2009 Royal Meteorological Society C1 [Smith, Roger K.; Van Sang, Nguyen] Univ Munich, Inst Meteorol, D-80333 Munich, Germany. [Montgomery, Michael T.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Montgomery, Michael T.] NOAA, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL USA. RP Smith, RK (reprint author), Univ Munich, Inst Meteorol, Theresienstr 37, D-80333 Munich, Germany. EM roger.smith@lmu.de FU Office of Naval Research [N001408WR20129]; National Science Foundation [ATM-0649944, ATM-0649946, ATM-0715426]; NOAA [2007-AOML-MM]; German Research Council (DFG); DFG FX This basic research on tropical cyclones was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research (grant N001408WR20129), by the National Science Foundation (grants ATM-0649944, ATM-0649946, ATM-0715426). by NOAA (grant 2007-AOML-MM), and by a grant from the German Research Council (DFG). The work was initiated between daily planning meetings and research flights while in the field on Guam, and was completed soon after at NOAA's Hurricane Research Division (HRD). We would like to thank the ONR/NSF-supported scientists (especially Pat Harr, Russ Elsberry of the NPS and Peter Black of NRL/Monterey), the professional and student forecasters, the flight crews and support personnel who worked tirelessly to make the TCS08/TPARC field campaign a great success. The TCS08 team fostered a stimulating atmosphere for conducting tropical cyclone research. We thank NOAA-HRD for their generous hospitality and both HRD and NPS/MR for creating a stimulating environment for pursuing hurricane research. Finally, we thank Tim Dunkerton and an anonymous reviewer for their perceptive comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. The third author is grateful for travel support provided by the DFG as part of the project 'Improved quantitative precipitation forecasting in Vietnam'. NR 52 TC 122 Z9 127 U1 0 U2 8 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0035-9009 J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 135 IS 642 BP 1321 EP 1335 DI 10.1002/qj.428 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 485XG UT WOS:000269158000015 ER PT J AU Hendricks, EA Schubert, WH AF Hendricks, E. A. Schubert, W. H. TI Transport and mixing in idealized barotropic hurricane-like vortices SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE hurricane; effective diffusivity; Rossby-wave breaking; mixing; barrier ID ROSSBY-WAVE BREAKING; HIGH-RESOLUTION SIMULATION; INSTRUMENT WETTING ERRORS; SEA INTERACTION THEORY; TROPICAL CYCLONES; PART I; EFFECTIVE DIFFUSIVITY; SPIRAL BANDS; CHAOTIC ADVECTION; MAXIMUM INTENSITY AB The effective diffusivity diagnostic is used to obtain basic insight into the two-dimensional transport and mixing properties of idealized barotropic tropical-storm and hurricane-like vortices. Three flow configurations believed to be relevant to hurricane dynamics are examined in a non-divergent barotropic model: (i) an elliptical vortex, (ii) a Rankine vortex in a turbulent background vorticity field, and (iii) unstable vorticity rings. During the evolution of these vortical flows, effective diffusivity is used as a mixing diagnostic on a passive tracer field that also evolves in the non-divergent flow. The internal dynamical processes causing mixing, as well as the location and magnitude of both turbulent mixing and partial barrier regions, are identified in the evolving vortices. Breaking vortex Rossby waves (VRWs) are found to create turbulent mixing regions of finite radial extent. For monotonic vortices, which are analogous to tropical storms, the wave breaking and axisymmetrization creates a surf zone outside the radius of maximum wind, while the vortex core remains a partial barrier or containment vessel. For unstable vorticity rings, which are analogous to intensifying hurricanes, two regimes of internal mixing are found. During barotropic instability of thick rings, the inner and outer breaking VRWs create two local mixing regions, separated by a partial barrier region at the location of the tangential jet. For barotropic instability of thin rings, the entire hurricane inner core becomes a turbulent mixing region, allowing passive tracers to be radially mixed between the eye, eyewall and local environment. In either case, the horizontal mixing associated with the inner, breaking VRW would support intensification, provided the passive tracer is equivalent potential temperature with a maximum in the eye. In addition to the insights obtained for internal mixing in hurricanes, effective diffusivity is shown to be a robust diagnostic for two-dimensional turbulence, complementing its previous use in large-scale atmospheric dynamics. Copyright (C) 2009 Royal Meteorological Society C1 [Hendricks, E. A.; Schubert, W. H.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Hendricks, EA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM eric.hendricks@nrlmry.navy.mil FU NSF [ATM-0530884, ATM-0332197] FX This research was supported by NSF Grants ATM-0530884 and ATM-0332197. We thank Gerhard Dangelmayr, Christopher Davis, Arthur Jamshidi, Richard Johnson, Michael Kirby, Brian McNoldy, Michael Montgomery, Kate Musgrave, John Persing, Roger Pielke Sr, Christopher Rozoff, Blake Rutherford, Emily Shuckburgh, Richard Taft and Jonathan Vigh for their comments and assistance. This manuscript was improved by the helpful comments of three anonymous reviewers. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0035-9009 J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 135 IS 643 BP 1456 EP 1470 DI 10.1002/qj.467 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 506MI UT WOS:000270778500006 ER PT J AU Coker, C Thonnard, SE Dymond, KF Lazio, TJW Makela, JJ Loughmiller, PJ AF Coker, Clayton Thonnard, Stefan E. Dymond, Kenneth F. Lazio, T. Joseph W. Makela, Jonathan J. Loughmiller, Pamela J. TI Simultaneous radio interferometer and optical observations of ionospheric structure at the Very Large Array SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SPORADIC-E; RADIOTELESCOPE; DENSITY; WAVES AB Radio astronomers are searching the cosmos for new scientific discoveries at increasingly lower radio frequencies and with larger antenna arrays, but their observations of the sky are blurred by the dynamic ionosphere. At the same time, ionospheric scientists are seeking to understand, at increasingly higher spatial and temporal resolutions, the dynamics that drive the ionosphere and its effects on technological systems. Advancements in radio astronomy at the Very Large Array (VLA) are leading to advancements in ionospheric physics and vice versa. We review some of the ionospheric observations made by the VLA at low frequency. Results from a 2003 summer campaign at the VLA are discussed, during which an all-sky optical camera was used to monitor ionospheric structure during VLA 74-MHz operations. The camera and additional off-site sensors, including ionosondes and incoherent scatter radar, were used to identify the dominant, summer nighttime ionospheric phenomena contributing to VLA signal distortion. Knowledge of the specific phenomena, including their spatial and temporal characteristics, can be used to improve low-frequency, astronomical imaging. Similarly, the VLA observations can be used to investigate ionospheric phenomena in great detail, leading to an improved understanding of ionospheric physics. Key to these findings is the identification of specific ionospheric phenomena using support sensors. Implications for the development of the Long Wavelength Array are discussed. C1 [Coker, Clayton; Thonnard, Stefan E.; Dymond, Kenneth F.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lazio, T. Joseph W.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Makela, Jonathan J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Loughmiller, Pamela J.] Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Daytona Beach, FL 32114 USA. RP Coker, C (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM clayton.coker@nrl.navy.mil NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD JUL 1 PY 2009 VL 44 AR RS0A11 DI 10.1029/2008RS004079 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA 466FJ UT WOS:000267646200002 ER PT J AU DeNolfo, P Thomson, H Harrison, MR AF DeNolfo, Phil Thomson, Hugh Harrison, Michael R. TI STAFAC In-Water Systems Installation off the Bahamas SO SEA TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 [DeNolfo, Phil] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Ranges Engn & Anal Dept, Newport, RI USA. [Thomson, Hugh] USN, Facil Engn Serv Ctr, Ocean Facil Dept, Port Hueneme, CA USA. [Harrison, Michael R.] Sound & Sea Technol, Ventura, CA USA. RP DeNolfo, P (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Ranges Engn & Anal Dept, Newport, RI USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPASS PUBLICATIONS, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1501 WILSON BLVD., STE 1001, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-2403 USA SN 0093-3651 J9 SEA TECHNOL JI Sea Technol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 50 IS 7 BP 15 EP + PG 5 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 476FZ UT WOS:000268425400003 ER PT J AU Lin, MY Shikle, JF AF Lin, Mercury Y. Shikle, James F. TI To Pick a 'Bone' with the Gallbladder SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Letter ID METAPLASIA C1 [Lin, Mercury Y.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Shikle, James F.] USA, Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Lin, MY (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTH MED J JI South.Med.J. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 102 IS 7 BP 773 EP 774 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 464IX UT WOS:000267499700027 PM 19488011 ER PT J AU Abels, R AF Abels, Richard TI What Has Weland to Do with Christ? The Franks Casket and the Acculturation of Christianity in Early Anglo-Saxon England SO SPECULUM-A JOURNAL OF MEDIEVAL STUDIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th International Congress on Medieval Studies CY MAY 03-06, 2001 CL Western Michigan Univ, KALAMAZOO, MI HO Western Michigan Univ C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Abels, R (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM abels@usna.edu NR 94 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU MEDIEVAL ACAD OF AMER PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1430 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 0038-7134 J9 SPECULUM JI Speculum-J. Mediev. Stud. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 84 IS 3 BP 549 EP 581 PG 33 WC Medieval & Renaissance Studies SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA 465YY UT WOS:000267628000001 ER PT J AU Smith, PJ AF Smith, Paul J. TI China's Economic and Political Rise: Implications for Global Terrorism and US-China Cooperation SO STUDIES IN CONFLICT & TERRORISM LA English DT Article AB As a rising power in the international system, China is discovering that, like many states before it, the ascendancy to great power status sometimes entails significant terrorism risks. Recent attacks against Chinese nationals (or commercial interests) in Africa, Central Asia, and South Asia appear to reflect this trend. In addition, since the early 1990s, China has endured a series of violent attacks emanating from (or associated with) its restive northwest Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region (XUAR). Beijing's search for energy security and its associated commercial activities in the Middle East, Africa, South Asia and Central Asia suggests that terrorism risks for China may increase in the future. In the wake of the 9/11 attacks in the United States and U.S.-Chinese counterterrorism cooperation prior to and during the 2008 Olympic Games, Washington and Beijing have discovered they have many common interests in countering the global threat of terrorism. However, for long-term cooperation to be sustained, the two countries must overcome or manage various disagreements on issues related to terrorism and the larger challenges associated with geopolitical competition. If these differences can be mitigated or resolved, China and the United States may be ideally positioned to establish a powerful and long-term bulwark against international terrorism and the instability that it promotes. C1 USN, War Coll, NSDM, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Smith, PJ (reprint author), USN, War Coll, NSDM, Code 1B,686 Cushing Rd, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM paul.smith@nwc.navy.mil NR 73 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1057-610X J9 STUD CONFL TERROR JI Stud. Confl. Terror. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 32 IS 7 BP 627 EP 645 DI 10.1080/10576100902961847 PG 19 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA 478JB UT WOS:000268582600005 ER PT J AU Garfinkel, S AF Garfinkel, Simson TI Privacy Requires Security, Not Abstinence SO TECHNOLOGY REVIEW LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Garfinkel, Simson] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Garfinkel, Simson] Harvard Univ, Ctr Res Computat & Soc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Garfinkel, S (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU TECHNOL REV PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1 MAIN ST, 13 FLR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA SN 1099-274X J9 TECHNOL REV JI Technol. Rev. PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 112 IS 4 BP 64 EP 71 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 714GC UT WOS:000286794500025 ER PT J AU Kelly, W Arellano, F Barnes, J Bergman, U Edwards, R Fernandez, A Freedman, S Goldsmith, D Huang, K Jones, J McLeay, R Moore, N Stather, R Trenque, T Troutman, W van Puijenbroek, E Williams, F Wise, R AF Kelly, William Arellano, Felix Barnes, Joanne Bergman, Ulf Edwards, Ralph Fernandez, Alina Freedman, Stephen Goldsmith, David Huang, Kui Jones, Judith McLeay, Rachel Moore, Nicholas Stather, Rosie Trenque, Thierry Troutman, William van Puijenbroek, Eugene Williams, Frank Wise, Robert TI Guidelines for Submitting Adverse Event Reports for Publication SO THERAPIE LA English DT Article DE guidelines; adverse; event; report ID DRUG-REACTIONS; PHARMACOVIGILANCE; ANECDOTES; STANDARDS; CRITERIA; QUALITY AB Publication of case reports describing suspected adverse effects of drugs and medical products that include herbal and complementary medicines, vaccines and other biologicals and devices is important for postmarketing surveillance. Publication lends credence to important signals raised in these adverse event reports. Unfortunately, deficiencies in vital information in published cases can often limit the value of such reports by failing to provide enough details for either (i) a differential diagnosis or provisional assessment of cause-effect association, or (ii) a reasonable pharmacological or biological explanation. Properly described, a published report of one or more adverse events can provide a useful signal of possible risks associated with the use of a drug or medical product which might warrant further exploration. A review conducted by the Task Force authors found that many major journals have minimal requirements for publishing adverse event reports and some have none at all. Based on a literature review and our collective experience in reviewing adverse event case reports in regulatory, academic and industry settings, we have identified information that we propose should always be considered for inclusion in a report submitted for publication. These guidelines have been endorsed by the International Society for Pharmacoepidemiology (ISPE) and the International Society of Pharmacovigilance (ISoP) and are freely available on the societies' web sites. Their widespread distribution is encouraged. ISPE and ISoP urge biomedical journals to adopt these guidelines and apply them to case reports submitted for publication. They also encourage schools of medicine, pharmacy, and nursing to incorporate them into the relevant curricula that address the detection, evaluation and reporting of suspected drug or other medical product adverse events. C1 [Trenque, Thierry] Ctr Hosp Univ, Ctr Reg Pharmacovigilance Reims Champagne Ardenne, F-51092 Reims, France. [Kelly, William] William N Kelly Consulting Inc, Oldsmar, FL USA. [Arellano, Felix] Risk Management Resources, Dip Pharm Med, Bridgewater, NJ USA. [Arellano, Felix] Risk Management Resources, Dip Pharm Med, Zaragoza, Spain. [Barnes, Joanne] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Bergman, Ulf] Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden. [Edwards, Ralph] Uppsala Monitoring Ctr, Uppsala, Sweden. [Fernandez, Alina] TAP Pharmaceut Prod Inc, Lake Forest, IL USA. [Freedman, Stephen] Hosp Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. [Goldsmith, David] Goldsmith Pharmacovigilance & Syst, New York, NY USA. [Huang, Kui] Pfizer Pharmaceut Inc, New York, NY USA. [Jones, Judith] Dedge Grp Ltd, Arlington, VA USA. [McLeay, Rachel; Stather, Rosie] Wolters Kluwer Hlth, Auckland, New Zealand. [Moore, Nicholas] Univ Victor Segalen, Bordeaux, France. [Troutman, William] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [van Puijenbroek, Eugene] Netherlands Pharmacovigilance Ctr, sHertogenbosch, Netherlands. [Williams, Frank] USN, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. [Wise, Robert] US FDA, Rockville, MD USA. RP Trenque, T (reprint author), Ctr Hosp Univ, Ctr Reg Pharmacovigilance Reims Champagne Ardenne, Ave Gen Koening, F-51092 Reims, France. EM ttrenque@chu-reims.fr OI Bergman, Ulf/0000-0003-4654-2211 NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0040-5957 J9 THERAPIE JI Therapie PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 64 IS 4 BP 289 EP 294 DI 10.2515/therapie/2009041 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 514JM UT WOS:000271390500007 PM 19804709 ER PT J AU Smith, JP Bullen, TD Brabander, DJ Olsen, CR AF Smith, Joseph P. Bullen, Thomas D. Brabander, Daniel J. Olsen, Curtis R. TI Strontium isotope record of seasonal scale variations in sediment sources and accumulation in low-energy, subtidal areas of the lower Hudson River estuary SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Strontium isotopes; Cesium-137; Sediment sources; Estuaries; Hudson River estuary ID SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; MULTIELEMENT CHEMISTRY; SUSPENDED MATTER; TRACE-ELEMENT; LOIRE ESTUARY; GEOCHEMISTRY; WATER; DYNAMICS; SR; SR-87/SR-86 AB Strontium isotope ((87)Sr/(86)Sr) profiles in sediment cores collected from two subtidal harbor slips in the lower Hudson River estuary in October 2001 exhibit regular patterns of variability with depth. Using additional evidence from sediment Ca/Sr ratios, (137)Cs activity and Al, carbonate (CaCO(3)) and organic carbon (OC(sed)) concentration profiles, it can be shown that the observed variability reflects differences in the relative input and trapping of fine-grained sediment from seaward sources vs. landward sources linked to seasonal-scale changes in freshwater flow. During high flow conditions, the geochemical data indicate that most of the fine-grained sediments trapped in the estuary are newly eroded basin materials. During lower (base) flow conditions, a higher fraction of mature materials from seaward sources with higher carbonate content is trapped in the lower estuary. Results show that high-resolution, multi-geochemical tracer approaches utilizing strontium isotope ratios ((87)Sr/(86)Sr) can distinguish sediment sources and constrain seasonal scale variations in sediment trapping and accumulation in dynamic estuarine environments. Low-energy, subtidal areas such as those in this study are important sinks for metastable, short-to-medium time scale sediment accumulation. These results also show that these same areas can serve as natural recorders of physical, chemical, and biological processes that affect particle and particle-associated material dynamics over seasonal-to-yearly time scales. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Smith, Joseph P.; Olsen, Curtis R.] Univ Massachusetts, Environm Earth & Ocean Sci Dept, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Bullen, Thomas D.] US Geol Survey, Div Water Resources, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Brabander, Daniel J.] Wellesley Coll, Dept Geosci, Wellesley, MA 02481 USA. RP Smith, JP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Biogeochem Code 6114, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM joseph.smith@nrl.navy.mil OI Brabander, Daniel/0000-0002-2967-3087 FU U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF); Chemical Oceanography Program FX This study was supported in part by a by a Small Grant for Exploratory Research (SGER) through the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF), Chemical Oceanography Program. The authors would like to thank Sarah Oktay (Nantucket Field Station, University of Massachusetts) and John Kada (Department of Homeland Security (formerly Department of Energy) Environmental Measurements Laboratory, New York, NY) for helping during field sampling and Robert F. Chen, George B. Gardner, Gordon T. Wallace, and Richard F. Bopp (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY) for their feedback and advice. Special thanks go to Michael Trepanier and Ulrike Baigorria (UMB) for their assistance in laboratory work associated with this study, and to John Fitzpatrick (USGS) for his assistance with preparation of samples for chemical and Sr isotope analysis and for many discussions concerning the implications of the resulting data. The manuscript benefited greatly from exceptionally thorough and thoughtful reviews by Philippe Negrel and an anonymous reviewer, and from editorial assistance by David Rickard. NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2541 J9 CHEM GEOL JI Chem. Geol. PD JUN 30 PY 2009 VL 264 IS 1-4 BP 375 EP 384 DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.03.026 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 462TQ UT WOS:000267379900030 ER PT J AU Alexander, MJ Eckermann, SD Broutman, D Ma, J AF Alexander, M. Joan Eckermann, Stephen D. Broutman, Dave Ma, Jun TI Momentum flux estimates for South Georgia Island mountain waves in the stratosphere observed via satellite SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BREWER-DOBSON CIRCULATION; TRAPPED LEE WAVES; ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE; GENERAL-CIRCULATION; MODELS; CLIMATE; SPACE; DRAG AB We show high-resolution satellite observations of mountain wave events in the stratosphere above South Georgia Island in the remote southern Atlantic Ocean and compute the wave momentum fluxes for these events. The fluxes are large, and they imply important drag forces on the circulation. Small island orography is generally neglected in mountain wave parameterizations used in global climate models because limited model resolution treats the grid cell containing the island as ocean rather than land. Our results show that satellite observations can be used to quantitatively constrain mountain wave momentum fluxes, and they suggest that mountain waves from island topography may be an important missing source of drag on the atmospheric circulation. Citation: Alexander, M. J., S. D. Eckermann, D. Broutman, and J. Ma (2009), Momentum flux estimates for South Georgia Island mountain waves in the stratosphere observed via satellite, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L12816, doi:10.1029/2009GL038587. C1 [Alexander, M. Joan] NW Res Associates Inc, Colorado Res Associates Div, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Broutman, Dave; Ma, Jun] Computat Phys Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. [Eckermann, Stephen D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Alexander, MJ (reprint author), NW Res Associates Inc, Colorado Res Associates Div, 3380 Mitchell Lane, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. EM alexand@cora.nwra.com FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NASA NNH08AE43I]; National Science Foundation [ATM-0435789] FX This work was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant NASA NNH08AE43I issued through the Earth System Science Research using Data and Products from Terra, Aqua, and ACRIMSAT Satellites program. Support for DB was provided by the National Science Foundation under grant ATM-0435789. NR 26 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 30 PY 2009 VL 36 AR L12816 DI 10.1029/2009GL038587 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 466DO UT WOS:000267641200001 ER PT J AU Dermer, CD Razzaque, S Finke, JD Atoyan, A AF Dermer, C. D. Razzaque, S. Finke, J. D. Atoyan, A. TI Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays from black hole jets of radio galaxies SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BACKGROUND-RADIATION FIELDS; X-RAY; CENTAURUS-A; GAMMA-RAYS; GEV EMISSION; TEV BLAZARS; SPECTRUM; BURSTS; PKS-2155-304 AB The Auger Collaboration reports (Auger Collaboration 2007 Science 318 939, The Pierre Auger Collaboration 2008 Astropart. Phys. 29 188) that the arrival directions of greater than or similar to 60 EeV ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) cluster along the supergalactic plane and correlate with active galactic nuclei (AGN) within approximate to 100 Mpc. The association of several events with the nearby radio galaxy Centaurus A supports the paradigm that UHECRs are powered by supermassive black-hole engines and accelerated to ultra-high energies in the shocks formed by variable plasma winds in the inner jets of radio galaxies. The GZK horizon length of 75 EeV UHECR protons is approximate to 100 Mpc, so that the Auger results are consistent with an assumed proton composition of the UHECRs. In this scenario, the sources of UHECRs are FR II radio galaxies and FR I galaxies like Cen A with scattered radiation fields that enhance UHECR neutral-beam production. Radio galaxies with jets pointed away from us can still be observed as UHECR sources due to deflection of UHECRs by magnetic fields in the radio lobes of these galaxies. A broadband similar to 1 MeV-10 EeV radiation component in the spectra of blazar AGN is formed by UHECR-induced cascade radiation in the extragalactic background light. This emission is too faint to be seen from Cen A, but could be detected from more luminous blazars. C1 [Dermer, C. D.; Razzaque, S.; Finke, J. D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Atoyan, A.] Concordia Univ, Montreal, PQ H3G 1M8, Canada. RP Dermer, CD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7653, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM charles.dermer@nrl.navy.mil FU NASA GLAST Interdisciplinary Science Investigation [DPR-S-1563-Y]; Office of Naval Research FX Useful discussions and correspondence with Roger Blandford, Teddy Cheung, Diego Harari, Vasiliki Pavlidou, Esteban Roulet, and Alan Watson are gratefully acknowledged. We thank Dr Floyd Stecker for alerting us to an error in the calculations of the photopion losses of protons in the EBL. Visits of AA to the Naval Research Laboratory and the research of JDF are supported by NASA GLAST Interdisciplinary Science Investigation Grant DPR-S-1563-Y. The research of CD is supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 82 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1367-2630 J9 NEW J PHYS JI New J. Phys. PD JUN 30 PY 2009 VL 11 AR 065016 DI 10.1088/1367-2630/11/6/065016 PG 20 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 470BN UT WOS:000267947300009 ER PT J AU Li, YF Poole, S Nishio, K Jang, K Rasulova, F McVeigh, A Savarino, SJ Xia, D Bullitt, E AF Li, Yong-Fu Poole, Steven Nishio, Kazuya Jang, Ken Rasulova, Fatima McVeigh, Annette Savarino, Stephen J. Xia, Di Bullitt, Esther TI Structure of CFA/I fimbriae from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE crystal structure; pili; diarrheal disease; adhesion; proline isomerization ID FACTOR ANTIGEN-I; COLONIZATION FACTOR ANTIGENS; CS1 PILI; PROTEINS; BIOGENESIS; ADHESIN; ARCHITECTURE; RESIDUES; SUBUNIT; TOOLS AB Adhesion pili (fimbriae) play a critical role in initiating the events that lead to intestinal colonization and diarrheal disease by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), an E. coli pathotype that inflicts an enormous global disease burden. We elucidate atomic structures of an ETEC major pilin subunit, CfaB, from colonization factor antigen I (CFA/I) fimbriae. These data are used to construct models for 2 morphological forms of CFA/I fimbriae that are both observed in vivo: the helical filament into which it is typically assembled, and an extended, unwound conformation. Modeling and corroborative mutational data indicate that proline isomerization is involved in the conversion between these helical and extended forms. Our findings affirm the strong structural similarities seen between class 5 fimbriae (from bacteria primarily causing gastrointestinal disease) and class 1 pili (from bacteria that cause urinary, respiratory, and other infections) in the absence of significant primary sequence similarity. They also suggest that morphological and biochemical differences between fimbrial types, regardless of class, provide structural specialization that facilitates survival of each bacterial pathotype in its preferred host microenvironment. Last, we present structural evidence for bacterial use of antigenic variation to evade host immune responses, in that residues occupying the predicted surface-exposed face of CfaB and related class 5 pilins show much higher genetic sequence variability than the remainder of the pilin protein. C1 [Poole, Steven; Rasulova, Fatima; McVeigh, Annette; Savarino, Stephen J.] USN, Enter Dis Dept, Infect Dis Directorate, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Li, Yong-Fu; Nishio, Kazuya; Xia, Di] NCI, Cell Biol Lab, Ctr Canc Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Jang, Ken; Bullitt, Esther] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Savarino, Stephen J.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Savarino, SJ (reprint author), USN, Enter Dis Dept, Infect Dis Directorate, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM stephen.savarino@med.navy.mil; dixia@helix.nih.gov; bullitt@bu.edu RI Savarino, Stephen/A-8030-2011 FU National Cancer Institute Intramural Research Program; Trans National Institutes of Health/Food and Drug Administration Intramural Biodefense Program; U. S. Army Military Infectious Disease Research Program Work Unit [A0307]; Henry M. Jackson Foundation; National Institutes of Health [GM055722] FX We thank the staff at Southeast Regional Collaborative Access Team for assistance in data collection; L. Esser for discussions; N. Pattabiraman for programming; and P. Guerry, A. Fasano, and D. Isaac for critical reading of the manuscript. This research was supported by the National Cancer Institute Intramural Research Program (D. X.), the Trans National Institutes of Health/Food and Drug Administration Intramural Biodefense Program (D. X.), the U. S. Army Military Infectious Disease Research Program Work Unit A0307 (S. J. S.), the Henry M. Jackson Foundation (S. J. S.), and National Institutes of Health Grant GM055722 (to E. B.). NR 34 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 30 PY 2009 VL 106 IS 26 BP 10793 EP 10798 DI 10.1073/pnas.0812843106 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 465EI UT WOS:000267564300073 PM 19515814 ER PT J AU Di, ZF Wang, YQ Nastasi, M Bisognin, G Berti, M Thompson, PE AF Di, Z. F. Wang, Y. Q. Nastasi, M. Bisognin, G. Berti, M. Thompson, P. E. TI Strain relaxation of SiGe in a Si/SiGe/Si heterostructure under proton irradiation SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE elemental semiconductors; Ge-Si alloys; high-temperature effects; nucleation; proton effects; semiconductor heterojunctions; silicon; vacancies (crystal) ID HYDROGEN; SILICON; SUPERLATTICES; IMPLANTATION; EXFOLIATION; DIFFUSION; MECHANISM; PRESSURE AB We have studied the mechanisms underlying strained layer relaxation by means of point defect interaction. During high temperature (300 degrees C) proton irradiation, vacancies generated in the vicinity of SiGe layer migrate and accumulate within the compressively strained SiGe layer. The accumulating vacancies are stabilized by hydrogen, which diffuses from the implanted region, thus allowing the nucleation and growth of hydrogen-vacancy (V-H) complexes. The formation of V-H complexes is accompanied by gradual strain relief in SiGe layer. Since the diffusion of both vacancies and hydrogen is limited by the irradiation temperature, strain relaxation of the SiGe layer is not realized during room temperature (20 degrees C) proton irradiation. The study supports the idea that the compressive stress in the SiGe layer induces the indiffusion of vacancies and H, and reveals the important role of point defects in the strain relaxation of the strained SiGe layer. C1 [Di, Z. F.; Wang, Y. Q.; Nastasi, M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Bisognin, G.; Berti, M.] Univ Padua, Dipartmento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bisognin, G.; Berti, M.] Univ Padua, INFM, CNR, MATIS, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Thompson, P. E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bisognin, G.] Unita Padova, CNISM, I-35131 Padua, Italy. RP Di, ZF (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dizengfeng@hotmail.com RI di, zengfeng/B-1684-2010 NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 29 PY 2009 VL 94 IS 26 AR 264102 DI 10.1063/1.3167814 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 466XB UT WOS:000267697300068 ER PT J AU Schweigert, IV Dunlap, BI AF Schweigert, Igor V. Dunlap, Brett I. TI Electronic structure and molecular dynamics of breaking the RO-NO2 bond SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TETRANITRATE SINGLE-CRYSTALS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; PENTAERYTHRITOL TETRANITRATE; HARTREE-FOCK; SHOCK-WAVES; ORIENTATION DEPENDENCE; THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; ORBITAL METHODS; NITRIC-OXIDE; BASIS SETS AB Decomposition of energetic molecules such as pentaerythritol tetranitrate is accompanied by extensive changes in their electronic configuration and thus is challenging for ab initio Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics simulations. The performance of single-determinant methods (in particular, density-functional theory) is validated on electronic structure and molecular dynamics simulations of RO-NO2 bond dissociation in a smaller nitric ester, ethyl nitrate. Accurate description of dissociating molecule requires using unrestricted, spin-symmetry-broken orbitals. However, the iterative self-consistent field procedure is prone to convergence failures in the bond-breaking region even if robust convergence algorithms are employed. As a result, molecular dynamics simulations of unimolecular decomposition need to be closely monitored and manually restarted to ensure seamless transition from the closed-shell to open-shell configuration. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3155081] C1 [Schweigert, Igor V.; Dunlap, Brett I.] USN, Res Lab, Theoret Chem Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Schweigert, IV (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Theoret Chem Sect, Code 6189,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM igor.schweigert@gmail.com RI Schweigert, Igor/B-5750-2008; OI Dunlap, Brett/0000-0003-1356-6559 FU Naval Research Laboratory; Office of Naval Research FX Discussions with Carter T. White are greatly appreciated. This work was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory via the National Research Council of the National Academy of Science and by the Office of Naval Research, both directly and through the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 78 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 28 PY 2009 VL 130 IS 24 AR 244110 DI 10.1063/1.3155081 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 465PX UT WOS:000267600400011 PM 19566145 ER PT J AU Okkonen, SR Ashjian, CJ Campbell, RG Maslowski, W Clement-Kinney, JL Potter, R AF Okkonen, Stephen R. Ashjian, Carin J. Campbell, Robert G. Maslowski, Wieslaw Clement-Kinney, Jaclyn L. Potter, Rachel TI Intrusion of warm Bering/Chukchi waters onto the shelf in the western Beaufort Sea SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID COASTAL CURRENT; CHUKCHI SEA AB Wind-driven changes in the path of warm Bering/Chukchi waters carried by the Alaska Coastal Current (ACC) through Barrow Canyon during late summer are described from high-resolution hydrography, acoustic Doppler current profiler-measured currents, and satellite-measured sea surface temperature imagery acquired from mid-August to mid-September 2005-2007 near Barrow, Alaska. Numerical simulations are used to provide a multidecadal context for these observational data. Four generalized wind regimes and associated circulation states are identified. When winds are from the east or east-southeast, the ACC jet tends to be relatively strong and flows adjacent to the shelf break along the southern flank of Barrow Canyon. These easterly winds drive inner shelf currents northwestward along the Alaskan Beaufort coast where they oppose significant eastward intrusions of warm water from Barrow Canyon onto the shelf. Because these easterly winds promote sea level set down over the Beaufort shelf and upwelling along the Beaufort slope, the ACC jet necessarily becomes weaker, broader, and displaced seaward from the Beaufort shelf break upon exiting Barrow Canyon. Winds from the northeast promote separation of the ACC from the southern flank of Barrow Canyon and establish an up-canyon current along the southern flank that is fed in part by waters from the western Beaufort shelf. When winds are weak or from the southwest, warm Bering/Chukchi waters from Barrow Canyon intrude onto the western Beaufort shelf. C1 [Okkonen, Stephen R.; Potter, Rachel] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Marine Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Ashjian, Carin J.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Campbell, Robert G.] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Maslowski, Wieslaw; Clement-Kinney, Jaclyn L.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Okkonen, SR (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Marine Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM okkonen@alaska.net NR 13 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JUN 27 PY 2009 VL 114 AR C00A11 DI 10.1029/2008JC004870 PG 23 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 464FO UT WOS:000267490900001 ER PT J AU Burlaga, LF Ness, NF Acuna, MH Wang, YM Sheeley, NR AF Burlaga, L. F. Ness, N. F. Acuna, M. H. Wang, Y. -M. Sheeley, N. R., Jr. TI Radial and solar cycle variations of the magnetic fields in the heliosheath: Voyager 1 observations from 2005 to 2008 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LOCAL INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; WIND TERMINATION SHOCK; ULYSSES OBSERVATIONS; SECTOR STRUCTURE; HELIOSPHERIC ASYMMETRIES; OUTER HELIOSPHERE; FLOW DOWNSTREAM; CURRENT SHEET; INTERPLANETARY; MODEL AB We discuss the magnetic field strength B(t) and polarity observed by Voyager 1 (V1) in the heliosheath at the heliographic latitude approximate to 34 degrees as it moved away from the Sun from 2005 through 2008.82 (where 2008.0 is the beginning of 1 January 2008). The pattern of the polarity of the magnetic field changed from alternating positive and negative polarities to predominantly negative polarities ( magnetic fields pointing along the Archimedean spiral field angle toward the Sun) at approximate to 2006.23). This transition indicates that the latitudinal extent of the heliospheric current sheet (HCS) was decreasing in the supersonic solar wind, as expected for the declining phase of the solar cycle, and as predicted by extrapolation of the magnetic neutral line near the photosphere to the position of V1. However, the polarity was not uniformly negative in during 2008, in contrast to the predicted polarity. This difference suggests that the maximum latitudinal extent of the HCS was tending to increase in the northern hemisphere in the heliosheath, while it was decreasing in the supersonic solar wind. The large-scale magnetic field strength B( t) was observed by V1 from 2005 through 2008.82. During this interval of decreasing solar activity toward solar minimum, B( t) at 1 AU was decreasing, and the solar wind speed V at the latitude of V1 was increasing. Adjusting the temporal profile of B( t) observed by V1 for the solar cycle variations of B and V in the supersonic solar wind, we find that the radial gradient of B( R) in heliosheath from the radial distance R = 94.2 AU to 107.9 AU between 2005.0 and 2008.82 was 0.0017 nT/AU <= grad B <= 0.0055 nT/AU, or grad B = (0.0036 +/- 0.0019) nT/AU. C1 [Burlaga, L. F.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Geospace Phys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Acuna, M. H.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Planetary Magnetospheres Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Ness, N. F.] Catholic Univ Amer, Inst Astrophys & Computat Sci, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Wang, Y. -M.; Sheeley, N. R., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Burlaga, LF (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Geospace Phys Lab, Mail Code 673,Bldg 21,Room 244, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM burlaga@lepvax.gsfc; nfness@bartol.udel.edu; mario.h.acuna@nasa.gov; yi.wang@nrl.navy.mil; neil.sheeley@nrl.navy.mil FU NASA [NNX06AG99G] FX T. McClanahan and S. Kramer provided help in the processing of the data. Daniel Berdischevsky computed the zero level offsets for the instrument for the data. N. F. Ness was partially supported in part by NASA grant NNX06AG99G to CUA. One of the authors ( L. B.) acknowledges helpful conversations with N. Pogorelov. NR 52 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUN 26 PY 2009 VL 114 AR A06106 DI 10.1029/2009JA014071 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 464FY UT WOS:000267491900004 ER PT J AU Owrutsky, JC Pomfret, MB Brown, DJ AF Owrutsky, J. C. Pomfret, M. B. Brown, D. J. TI Coherent Acoustic Oscillations of Nanorods Composed of Various Metals SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID GOLD NANORODS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; VIBRATIONAL-MODES; NANOWIRE ARRAYS; ASPECT-RATIO; PHOTOTHERMAL PROPERTIES; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; PLASMON RESONANCE; RAMAN-SCATTERING AB Ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy has been used to characterize coherent acoustic oscillations for a series of nanorods composed of a variety of metals. The nanorods are produced by electrochemical synthesis in polycarbonate templates with several pore diameters of <100 nm and high aspect ratios (>25). The measurements extend our previous studies on Au, Ni, and Pd (Sando, G. M.; et al. J. Chem. Phys. 2007, 127, 074705) as well as Al nanorods (Pomfret, M. B.; et al. Chem. Mater. 2008, 20, 5945) to include those composed of Ag, Cu, Pt, Fe, Rh, and Co. The acoustic breathing mode periods measured are consistent with those predicted based on classical elastic theory using the bulk speeds of sound. The phase and damping of the oscillations are discussed in terms of the nanorod structures and excitation mechanisms. C1 [Owrutsky, J. C.; Pomfret, M. B.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Brown, D. J.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Owrutsky, JC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jeff.owrutsky@nrl.navy.mil RI Owrutsky, Jeffrey/K-7649-2012 FU Office of Naval Research; Naval Research Laboratory FX Support for this work was provided by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory. M.B.P. acknowledges the Naval Research Laboratory-National Research Council Research Associateship. The authors acknowledge Neil'Green, Andrew Baronavski, H. Douglas Ladouceur, David Kidwell, and Daniel Weidinger for assistance and helpful discussions. NR 78 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 40 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD JUN 25 PY 2009 VL 113 IS 25 BP 10947 EP 10955 DI 10.1021/jp902398p PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 460RV UT WOS:000267205700017 ER PT J AU Pande, CS Imam, MA AF Pande, Chandra S. Imam, M. Ashraf TI Grain growth and twin formation in boron-doped nickel polycrystals SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Grain growth; Grain boundaries; Boron doping; Annealing twins ID ANNEALING TWINS; FCC METALS; ALLOYS; CRYSTALS AB Formation of annealing twins and its relation to grain growth is investigated. Our previous studies have established a relation between twin density, grain size, and temperature. A model of the mechanism of their formation based on the emergence of Shockley partial loops on consecutive {111} planes during grain migration has also been developed previously. This model can satisfactorily explain some experimental and theoretical results found over the years. In this paper we provide additional experimental evidence in support of our model by investigating twin formation in boron-doped nickel. We find that boron addition slows down grain growth, though the kinetics of grain growth remains parabolic. There is a drastic reduction in twin density due to boron addition especially around a boron content of similar to 200 ppm. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pande, Chandra S.; Imam, M. Ashraf] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Pande, CS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM pande@anvil.nrl.navy.mil NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JUN 25 PY 2009 VL 512 IS 1-2 BP 82 EP 86 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2009.01.030 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 452YL UT WOS:000266577000012 ER PT J AU Lekka, CE Bernstein, N Papaconstantopoulos, DA Mehl, MJ AF Lekka, Ch. E. Bernstein, N. Papaconstantopoulos, D. A. Mehl, M. J. TI Properties of bcc metals by tight-binding total energy simulations SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL SOLID-STATE MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Tight binding; Band calculations; Atomic defects; Alloys ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; NIOBIUM-MOLYBDENUM ALLOYS; TRANSITION-METALS; NOBLE-METALS; STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; PHONON DISPERSION; LATTICE-DYNAMICS; VACANCY; SURFACES; MO AB Monovacancies of six bcc d-transition metals V. Cr, Nb, Mo, Ta and W have been studied by tight-binding (TB) simulations using the NRL-TB method. This method satisfactorily reproduces the electronic properties, phonon frequencies, thermal expansion coefficients and atomic mean-squared displacements for pure bulk systems. The TB method shows that for group-V metals the atoms in the first neighbor shell of the vacancy relax inward by about 5% and lose charge from d orbitals, while second neighbor shell atoms relax outward by about 1%. For group-VI metals both first and second neighbor shells relax inward and gain d orbital charge, and for Mo and W the relaxation is in fact stronger for the second than the first neighbor shell. These results are not significantly affected by the use of charge self-consistent terms in the TB model. The structural and charge transfer changes are accompanied by new energy bands at selected k-points for group-VI while they cover the whole Brillouin zone (BZ) for the group-V metals. Comparison to first-principles calculations for one example, Nb, shows good agreement for the presence of new energy bands as well as the charge and structural relaxation of the first and second neighbor shells. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lekka, Ch. E.] Univ Ioannina, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Bernstein, N.; Mehl, M. J.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Papaconstantopoulos, D. A.] George Mason Univ, Dept Computat & Data Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Lekka, CE (reprint author), Univ Ioannina, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Univ Campus, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. EM chlekka@cc.uoi.gr RI Mehl, Michael/H-8814-2016 FU "Reinforcement Programme of Human Research Manpower" (PENED) [03ED375]; National and Community Funds; Greek Ministry of Development General Secretariat of Research and Technology; E.U.-European Social Fund; CNR; NRL FX We wish to thank Dr. G.A. Evangelakis for useful discussions. This paper is part of the 03ED375 research project, implemented within the framework of the "Reinforcement Programme of Human Research Manpower" (PENED) and co-financed by National and Community Funds (25% from the Greek Ministry of Development General Secretariat of Research and Technology and 75% from E.U.-European Social Fund). N.B. acknowledges the support of CNR and NRL. NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-5107 J9 MATER SCI ENG B-ADV JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Adv. Funct. Solid-State Mater. PD JUN 25 PY 2009 VL 163 IS 1 BP 8 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.mseb.2009.04.014 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 476ES UT WOS:000268421900002 ER PT J AU Xu, XD Yao, W Sun, B Steel, DG Bracker, AS Gammon, D Sham, LJ AF Xu, Xiaodong Yao, Wang Sun, Bo Steel, Duncan G. Bracker, Allan S. Gammon, Daniel Sham, L. J. TI Optically controlled locking of the nuclear field via coherent dark-state spectroscopy SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID SINGLE QUANTUM DOTS; ELECTRON-SPIN; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; MANIPULATION AB A single electron or hole spin trapped inside a semiconductor quantum dot forms the foundation for many proposed quantum logic devices(1-6). In group III-V materials, the resonance and coherence between two ground states of the single spin are inevitably affected by the lattice nuclear spins through the hyperfine interaction(7-9), while the dynamics of the single spin also influence the nuclear environment(10-15). Recent efforts(12,16) have been made to protect the coherence of spins in quantum dots by suppressing the nuclear spin fluctuations. However, coherent control of a single spin in a single dot with simultaneous suppression of the nuclear fluctuations has yet to be achieved. Here we report the suppression of nuclear field fluctuations in a singly charged quantum dot to well below the thermal value, as shown by an enhancement of the single electron spin dephasing time T-2*, which we measure using coherent dark-state spectroscopy. The suppression of nuclear fluctuations is found to result from a hole-spin assisted dynamic nuclear spin polarization feedback process, where the stable value of the nuclear field is determined only by the laser frequencies at fixed laser powers. This nuclear field locking is further demonstrated in a three-laser measurement, indicating a possible enhancement of the electron spin T-2* by a factor of several hundred. This is a simple and powerful method of enhancing the electron spin coherence time without use of 'spin echo'-type techniques(8,12). We expect that our results will enable the reproducible preparation of the nuclear spin environment for repetitive control and measurement of a single spin with minimal statistical broadening. C1 [Xu, Xiaodong; Sun, Bo; Steel, Duncan G.] Univ Michigan, Harrison M Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Bracker, Allan S.; Gammon, Daniel] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sham, L. J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Yao, Wang] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Steel, DG (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Harrison M Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM dst@umich.edu RI Yao, Wang/C-1353-2008 OI Yao, Wang/0000-0003-2883-4528 FU US ARO; AFOSR; ONR; NSA/LPS; FOCUS-NSF FX We thank P. L. McEuen, L.- M. Duan, and D. Kim for discussions. This work is supported by US ARO, AFOSR, ONR, NSA/LPS, and FOCUS-NSF. NR 30 TC 140 Z9 141 U1 4 U2 29 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 25 PY 2009 VL 459 IS 7250 BP 1105 EP 1109 DI 10.1038/nature08120 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 466BX UT WOS:000267636700038 PM 19553994 ER PT J AU Emmert, JT AF Emmert, J. T. TI A long-term data set of globally averaged thermospheric total mass density SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MODEL; SATELLITE AB We present a long-term data set, available on the CEDAR Data System, of globally averaged thermospheric total mass density derived from the orbits of similar to 5000 objects. The data cover the years 1967-2007 at heights from 200 to 600 km. The data have a temporal resolution of 3-6 days, a typical short-term precision of +/- 2%, and a long-term accuracy of 5-10%. We describe in detail the procedure used to generate the data set, provide an example of its scientific use, and discuss its limitations. C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Emmert, JT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Code 7643,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM john.emmert@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX I am grateful to Mike Picone and Judith Lean for helpful discussions. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research and NASA's Living with a Star Program. Orbit data were obtained from http://www.space-track.org. Solar and geomagnetic activity indices were obtained from ftp://ftp.ngdc.noaa.gov/STP/GEOMAGNETIC_DATA/INDICES/KP_AP/. Judith Lean provided the NRLSSI data. NR 30 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JUN 24 PY 2009 VL 114 AR A06315 DI 10.1029/2009JA014102 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 464FW UT WOS:000267491700002 ER PT J AU Kolel-Veetil, MK Dominguez, DD Klug, CA Keller, TM AF Kolel-Veetil, Manoj K. Dominguez, Dawn D. Klug, Christopher A. Keller, Teddy M. TI Hydrosilated Dendritic Networks of POSS Cores and Diacetylene Linkers SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID POLYHEDRAL OLIGOMERIC SILSESQUIOXANES; SOLID-STATE POLYMERIZATION; CONJUGATED TRIPLE BONDS; GAS-WATER INTERFACE; POLYDIACETYLENE/SILICA NANOCOMPOSITES; CATALYZED HYDROSILYLATION; TOPOCHEMICAL REACTIONS; SEGMENTED COPOLYMERS; POLYMERS; TRANSITION AB Inorganic-organic hybrid dendritic networks containing POSS cores were constructed using two different vinyl-terminated diacetylene linker ligands via hydrosilylation reactions. FT-IR and DSC evaluations of the thermal polymerization of the diacetylene ligands indicated that such polymerizations occurred via a diradical mechanism in both long-range ordered and short-range ordered regimes at similar to 110 degrees C and similar to 310 degrees C, respectively, within the networks. The networks were further characterized by solid-state (13)C and (29)Si CPMAS NMR measurements. The hydrosilated networks possess exceptional thermal and thermo-oxidative stabilities, with the degradation temperature of one being 485 degrees C in N(2) and 400 degrees C in air. The glass transition temperatures of the networks were found to be between 40 and 60 degrees C by theological measurements. Rheological properties of the networks were examined as a function of the degree of diacetylene polymerization. C1 [Kolel-Veetil, Manoj K.; Dominguez, Dawn D.; Keller, Teddy M.] USN, Res Lab, Adv Mat Sect, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Klug, Christopher A.] USN, Res Lab, Mat Magnet Resonance Sect, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kolel-Veetil, MK (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Adv Mat Sect, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Manoj.kolel-veetil@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors thank the Office of Naval Research for its financial support of this work. NR 69 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JUN 23 PY 2009 VL 42 IS 12 BP 3992 EP 4001 DI 10.1021/ma802392p PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 458TW UT WOS:000267048200028 ER PT J AU Crum-Cianflone, N Hullsiek, KH Satter, E Marconi, V Weintrob, A Ganesan, A Barthel, RV Fraser, S Agan, BK AF Crum-Cianflone, Nancy Hullsiek, Katherine Huppler Satter, Elizabeth Marconi, Vincent Weintrob, Amy Ganesan, Anuradha Barthel, R. Vincent Fraser, Susan Agan, Brian K. TI Cutaneous Malignancies Among HIV-Infected Persons SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; RENAL-TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; SKIN-CANCER; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; UNITED-STATES; BASAL-CELL AB Background: As the life expectancy of persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases, cancers have become an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Although cutaneous cancers are the most common malignant neoplasms in the general population, little data exist among HIV-positive persons, especially regarding the impact of HIV-specific factors. Methods: We evaluated the incidence rates and factors associated with the development of cutaneous malignancies among HIV-infected persons by examining data that were prospectively collected from a large HIV study that included 4490 participants (1986-2006). Poisson regression and Cox proportional hazards models were performed. Results: Six percent of HIV-infected persons (n = 254) developed a cutaneous malignancy during 33 760 person years of follow-up (mean, 7.5 years). Since the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the incidence rates of cutaneous non-AIDS-defining cancers NADCs), in particular basal cell carcinoma, have exceeded the rates of cutaneous AIDS-defining cancers such as Kaposi sarcoma. Factors associated with the development of cutaneous NADCs in the multivariate models included increasing age (hazard ratio [HR], 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7-2.6) and race. Compared with the white/non-Hispanic race, African Americans (HR, 0.03; 95% CI, 0.01-0.14) and other races (HR, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.03-0.57) had a lower risk of cutaneous NADCs. There were no significant associations between cutaneous NADCs and time-updated CD4 lymphocyte counts, HIV RNA levels, or receipt of HAART. Conclusions: At present, the most common cutaneous malignancies among HIV-infected persons are NADCs. Cutaneous NADCs do not appear to be significantly associated with immune function or HAART but rather are related to traditional factors such as aging and skin color. C1 [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy] USN, Med Ctr, Clin Invest Dept KCA, Infect Dis Clin, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy; Hullsiek, Katherine Huppler; Marconi, Vincent; Weintrob, Amy; Ganesan, Anuradha; Barthel, R. Vincent; Fraser, Susan; Agan, Brian K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Tri Serv AIDS Clin Consortium, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Satter, Elizabeth] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Hullsiek, Katherine Huppler] Univ Minnesota, Div Biostat, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Marconi, Vincent] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, San Antonio, TX USA. [Weintrob, Amy] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Ganesan, Anuradha] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Barthel, R. Vincent] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Fraser, Susan] Tripler Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Crum-Cianflone, N (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Clin Invest Dept KCA, Infect Dis Clin, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM nancy.crum@med.navy.mil RI Marconi, Vincent/N-3210-2014; OI Marconi, Vincent/0000-0001-8409-4689; Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669 FU Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP); Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), Bethesda, Maryland FX Support for this work was provided by the Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), Bethesda, Maryland, of which the TriService AIDS Clinical Consortium (TACC) is a component. The IDCRP is a Department of Defense Triservice program that is executed through USUHS and the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine in collaboration with the US Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and Division of Clinical Research through Interagency Agreement HU0001-05-2-0011. NR 43 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD JUN 22 PY 2009 VL 169 IS 12 BP 1130 EP 1138 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 461BN UT WOS:000267239300008 PM 19546414 ER PT J AU Finke, JD Razzaque, S AF Finke, Justin D. Razzaque, Soebur TI CONSTRAINTS ON THE EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT FROM VERY HIGH ENERGY GAMMA-RAY OBSERVATIONS OF BLAZARS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects: general; diffuse radiation; gamma rays: observations ID PEAKED BL-LACERTAE; INFRARED LUMINOSITY FUNCTIONS; PHOTON-PHOTON COLLISIONS; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; 3.5 MU-M; GALAXY COUNTS; TENTATIVE DETECTION; PAIR PRODUCTION; STAR-FORMATION; UPPER LIMITS AB The extragalactic background light (EBL) from the infrared to the ultraviolet is difficult to measure directly, but can be constrained with a variety of methods. The EBL photons absorb gamma-rays from distant blazars, allowing one to use blazar spectra from atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (ACTs) to put upper limits on the EBL by assuming a blazar source spectrum. Here, we apply a simple technique, similar to that developed by Schroedter, to the most recent very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray observations of blazars to put upper limits on the EBL energy density. This technique is independent of the EBL model and has well defined errors on the constraints. Our results are consistent with EBL measurements and constraints but marginally inconsistent with several EBL models. C1 [Finke, Justin D.; Razzaque, Soebur] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM justin.finke@nrl.navy.mil FU National Research Council; NASA [DPR-NNG05ED411, DPR-S-1563-Y] FX We thank the anonymous referee and C. Dermer for useful comments which have improved this paper. S. R. is supported by the National Research Council associateship program at the Naval Research Laboratory. J.D.F. was supported by NASA Swift Guest Investigator Grant DPR-NNG05ED411 and NASA GLAST Science Investigation DPR-S-1563-Y. NR 66 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2009 VL 698 IS 2 BP 1761 EP 1766 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/698/2/1761 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 455RQ UT WOS:000266782400060 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Allen, BT Aune, T Berley, D Casanova, S Chen, C Dingus, BL Ellsworth, RW Fleysher, L Fleysher, R Gonzalez, MM Goodman, JA Hoffman, CM Hopper, B Huntemeyer, PH Kolterman, BE Lansdell, CP Linnemann, JT McEnery, JE Mincer, AI Nemethy, P Noyes, D Pretz, J Ryan, JM Parkinson, PMS Shoup, A Sinnis, G Smith, AJ Sullivan, GW Vasileiou, V Walker, GP Williams, DA Yodh, GB AF Abdo, A. A. Allen, B. T. Aune, T. Berley, D. Casanova, S. Chen, C. Dingus, B. L. Ellsworth, R. W. Fleysher, L. Fleysher, R. Gonzalez, M. M. Goodman, J. A. Hoffman, C. M. Hopper, B. Huentemeyer, P. H. Kolterman, B. E. Lansdell, C. P. Linnemann, J. T. McEnery, J. E. Mincer, A. I. Nemethy, P. Noyes, D. Pretz, J. Ryan, J. M. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Shoup, A. Sinnis, G. Smith, A. J. Sullivan, G. W. Vasileiou, V. Walker, G. P. Williams, D. A. Yodh, G. B. TI THE LARGE-SCALE COSMIC-RAY ANISOTROPY AS OBSERVED WITH MILAGRO SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic rays; Galaxy: halo; ISM: magnetic fields; solar neighborhood; Sun: activity; supernova remnants ID GALACTIC PLANE; INTENSITY AB Results are presented of a harmonic analysis of the large-scale cosmic-ray (CR) anisotropy as observed by the Milagro observatory. We show a two-dimensional display of the sidereal anisotropy projections in right ascension (R.A.) generated by the fitting of three harmonics to 18 separate declination bands. The Milagro observatory is a water Cherenkov detector located in the Jemez mountains near Los Alamos, New Mexico. With a high duty cycle and large field of view, Milagro is an excellent instrument for measuring this anisotropy with high sensitivity at TeV energies. The analysis is conducted using a seven-year data sample consisting of more than 95 billion events, the largest such data set in existence. We observe an anisotropy with a magnitude around 0.1% for CRs with a median energy of 6 TeV. The dominant feature is a deficit region of depth (2.49 +/- 0.02 stat. +/- 0.09 sys.) x 10(-3) in the direction of the Galactic north pole centered at 189 deg R.A. We observe a steady increase in the magnitude of the signal over seven years. C1 [Abdo, A. A.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Abdo, A. A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Allen, B. T.; Chen, C.; Yodh, G. B.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Aune, T.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Berley, D.; Goodman, J. A.; Hopper, B.; Lansdell, C. P.; Noyes, D.; Smith, A. J.; Sullivan, G. W.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Casanova, S.; Dingus, B. L.; Hoffman, C. M.; Huentemeyer, P. H.; Pretz, J.; Sinnis, G.; Walker, G. P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp P 23, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ellsworth, R. W.] George Mason Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Fleysher, L.; Fleysher, R.; Kolterman, B. E.; Mincer, A. I.; Nemethy, P.] NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Gonzalez, M. M.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Linnemann, J. T.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [McEnery, J. E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Ryan, J. M.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Shoup, A.] Ohio State Univ, Lima, OH 45804 USA. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council Res Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. RI McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Casanova, Sabrina/J-8935-2013; OI Casanova, Sabrina/0000-0002-6144-9122; Mincer, Allen/0000-0002-6307-1418 FU National Science Foundation [PHY-0245234, PHY-0302000, PHY-0400424, PHY-0504201, PHY-0601080, ATM-0002744]; US Department of Energy; Los Alamos National Laboratory; University of California; Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics FX We acknowledge Scott Delay and Michael Schneider for their dedicated efforts in the construction and maintenance of the Milagro experiment. This work has been supported by the National Science Foundation (under grants PHY-0245234, -0302000, -0400424, -0504201, -0601080, and ATM-0002744) the US Department of Energy (Office of High-Energy Physics and Office of Nuclear Physics), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the University of California, and the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics. NR 22 TC 108 Z9 109 U1 0 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2009 VL 698 IS 2 BP 2121 EP 2130 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/698/2/2121 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 455RQ UT WOS:000266782400093 ER PT J AU Kim, YJ Hong, SY AF Kim, Young-Joon Hong, Song-You TI Interaction between the orography-induced gravity wave drag and boundary layer processes in a global atmospheric model SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; PARAMETRIZATION; PREDICTION; CLIMATE; FUTURE AB This study investigates the behavior of the orographic gravity-wave drag (GWDO) processes induced by sub-grid scale orography in response to the representation of boundary layer mixing in a global atmospheric model. The sensitivity of simulated climatology to the representation of stable boundary layer (SBL) processes associated with GWDO processes in the modeled atmosphere is investigated using the Kim-Arakawa GWDO parameterization scheme. It is found that the impact of the boundary layer structure is pronounced in the upper atmospheric circulations above the tropopause through the interaction between the boundary layer mixing and GWDO processes, even though the direct impact of the SBL structure is confined to near surface layer. This finding reinforces the notion that the success of a particular physics parameterization scheme in atmospheric models relies heavily on the interaction of a physical process with another, which should be properly considered in developing physics parameterization schemes for atmospheric models. Citation: Kim, Y.-J., and S.-Y. Hong ( 2009), Interaction between the orography-induced gravity wave drag and boundary layer processes in a global atmospheric model, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L12809, doi: 10.1029/2008GL037146. C1 [Kim, Young-Joon] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Hong, Song-You] Yonsei Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Hong, Song-You] Yonsei Univ, Global Environm Lab, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP Kim, YJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM shong@yonsei.ac.kr RI Hong, Song-You/I-3824-2012 FU Office of Naval Research under ONR Program Element [0601153N]; Korean Foundation for International Cooperation Science and Technology (KICOS); Korean Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST); Republic of Korea Air Force (ROKAF) FX Y. J. K. was supported by the Office of Naval Research under ONR Program Element 0601153N. This study was also partially supported by the Korean Foundation for International Cooperation Science and Technology (KICOS) through a grant provided by the Korean Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) in 2008, and by the project "Development of the numerical prediction technique for the improved military weather support'' through a grant provided by the Republic of Korea Air Force (ROKAF) in 2009. The comments from J. Doyle are appreciated. The comments from the anonymous reviewers were helpful. NR 13 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 20 PY 2009 VL 36 AR L12809 DI 10.1029/2008GL037146 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 460KK UT WOS:000267186400001 ER PT J AU Pohlman, JW Bauer, JE Canuel, EA Grabowski, KS Knies, DL Mitchell, CS Whiticar, MJ Coffin, RB AF Pohlman, J. W. Bauer, J. E. Canuel, E. A. Grabowski, K. S. Knies, D. L. Mitchell, C. S. Whiticar, M. J. Coffin, R. B. TI Methane sources in gas hydrate-bearing cold seeps: Evidence from radiocarbon and stable isotopes SO MARINE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Hydrate; Gas hydrate; Methane Radiocarbon; Stable isotope; Cold seep; Methanogenesis ID ACCELERATOR MASS-SPECTROMETRY; NORTHERN CASCADIA MARGIN; ATMOSPHERIC METHANE; CHEMOSYNTHETIC COMMUNITIES; THERMOGENIC GAS; CARBON; SEDIMENTS; SLOPE; RIDGE; ACCUMULATION AB Fossil methane from the large and dynamic marine gas hydrate reservoir has the potential to influence oceanic and atmospheric carbon pools. However, natural radiocarbon (C-14) measurements of gas hydrate methane have been extremely limited, and their use as a source and process indicator has not yet been systematically established. In this study, gas hydrate-bound and dissolved methane recovered from six geologically and geographically distinct high-gas-flux cold seeps was found to be 98 to 100% fossil based on its C-14 content. Given this prevalence of fossil methane and the small contribution of gas hydrate (<= 1%) to the present-day atmospheric methane flux, non-fossil contributions of gas hydrate methane to the atmosphere are not likely to be quantitatively significant. This conclusion is consistent with contemporary atmospheric methane budget calculations. In combination with delta C-13- and delta D-methane measurements, we also determine the extent to which the low, but detectable, amounts of C-14 (similar to 1-2% modern carbon. pMC) in methane from two cold seeps might reflect in situ production from near-seafloor sediment organic carbon (SOC). A C-14 mass balance approach using fossil methane and C-14-enriched SOC suggests that as much as 8 to 29% of hydrate-associated methane carbon may originate from SOC contained within the upper 6 m of sediment. These findings validate the assumption of a predominantly fossil carbon source for marine gas hydrate, but also indicate that structural gas hydrate from at least certain cold seeps contains a component of methane produced during decomposition of non-fossil organic matter in near-surface sediment. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pohlman, J. W.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Res Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Bauer, J. E.; Canuel, E. A.] Coll William & Mary, Sch Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. [Mitchell, C. S.] USN, Res Lab, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Whiticar, M. J.] Univ Victoria, Sch Earth & Ocean Sci, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada. RP Pohlman, JW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Res Ctr, 384 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. EM jpohlman@usgs.gov OI Grabowski, Kenneth/0000-0003-0816-001X FU Office of Naval Research; Naval Research Laboratory (NRL); Geological Survey of Canada; USGS Mendenhall Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program; NSF Chemical Oceanography [OCE-0327423]; Integrated Carbon Cycle Research [EAR-0403949] FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research, the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and Geological Survey of Canada. We thank the numerous scientists, engineers, captains and crew members who facilitated the collection of samples aboard the vessels CCGSJohn P Tully, RIV Cape Hatteras, RIV Vidal Gormaz, RIVAkademik Mstislav Keldysh and with the submersibles ROPOS and the Johnson Sea-Link. Partial support was also provided by the USGS Mendenhall Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program to JWP, and NSF Chemical Oceanography (OCE-0327423) and Integrated Carbon Cycle Research (EAR-0403949) program support to JEB. We gratefully acknowledge Jack McGeehin and Jeff Chanton for technical advice during the development of the radiocarbon sample preparation facility at NRL, Paul Eby and Rebecca Plummer for analytical support, and Brett Renfro and Catalina Cetina for assistance with the data analysis. Carolyn Ruppel and Eric Sundquist provided valuable comments on a previous version of the manuscript. We also thank Ed Pelzer (Associate Editor) and two anonymous reviewers for constructive comments and suggestions. References to non-USGS equipment are provided for information only and do not constitute endorsement by the USGS, U.S. Department of the Interior, or U.S. Government. NR 49 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4203 EI 1872-7581 J9 MAR CHEM JI Mar. Chem. PD JUN 20 PY 2009 VL 115 IS 1-2 BP 102 EP 109 DI 10.1016/j.marchem.2009.07.001 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Chemistry; Oceanography GA 499ZK UT WOS:000270265400011 ER PT J AU Keskinen, MJ Vadas, SL AF Keskinen, M. J. Vadas, Sharon L. TI Three-dimensional nonlinear evolution of equatorial ionospheric bubbles with gravity wave seeding and tidal wind effects SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPREAD-F; PLASMA BUBBLES; OCCULTATION; CONVECTION; CAMPAIGN; REGION; BRAZIL; LAYER AB The three-dimensional nonlinear evolution of equatorial ionospheric bubbles, using a realistic lower atmospheric gravity wave source, has been computed. It is found that three-dimensional finite parallel conductivity effects are important and lead to reduced gravity wave-induced electric fields, less depleted bubbles, and longer time scale bubble evolution compared to the two-dimensional case. It is concluded that nearly zonal propagating gravity waves are needed to excite equatorial ionospheric bubbles in the presence of zonal tidal winds. The simulated ionospheric bubble structures are consistent with recent observations in the SpreadFEx campaign. Citation: Keskinen, M. J., and S. L. Vadas (2009), Three-dimensional nonlinear evolution of equatorial ionospheric bubbles with gravity wave seeding and tidal wind effects, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L12102, doi:10.1029/2009GL037892. C1 [Keskinen, M. J.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Vadas, Sharon L.] NW Res Associates, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. RP Keskinen, MJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Code 6750, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM keskinen@ppd.nrl.navy.mil FU NASA Living; Star Targeted Research and Technology FX This work was supported by NASA Living with a Star Targeted Research and Technology program. NR 34 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2009 VL 36 AR L12102 DI 10.1029/2009GL037892 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 460KF UT WOS:000267185900002 ER PT J AU Christian, MD Sandrock, CE Devereaux, A Geiling, J Amundson, DE Rubinson, L AF Christian, Michael D. Sandrock, Christian E. Devereaux, Asha Geiling, James Amundson, Dennis E. Rubinson, Lewis TI Ethical Issues and the Allocation of Scarce Resources During a Public Health Emergency SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID CRITICAL-CARE; DECISIONS C1 [Christian, Michael D.] Mt Sinai Hosp, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada. [Sandrock, Christian E.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Geiling, James] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, White River Jct, VT 05009 USA. [Amundson, Dennis E.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Rubinson, Lewis] Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. RP Christian, MD (reprint author), Mt Sinai Hosp, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JUN 16 PY 2009 VL 150 IS 12 BP 890 EP 891 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 460CX UT WOS:000267164800014 PM 19528573 ER PT J AU Pai, RS Walsh, KM Crain, MM Roussel, TJ Jackson, DJ Baldwin, RP Keynton, RS Naber, JF AF Pai, Rekha S. Walsh, Kevin M. Crain, Mark M. Roussel, Thomas J., Jr. Jackson, Douglas J. Baldwin, Richard P. Keynton, Robert S. Naber, John F. TI Fully Integrated Three-Dimensional Electrodes for Electrochemical Detection in Microchips: Fabrication, Characterization, and Applications SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; NERVE AGENTS; ELECTROPHORESIS/ELECTROCHEMISTRY; PERFORMANCE; SYSTEMS; DEVICES; DESIGN; CHIPS AB A scalable and rather inexpensive solution to producing microanalytical systems with "on-chip" three-dimensional (3D) microelectrodes is presented in this study, along with applicability to practical electrochemical (EC) detection scenarios such as preconcentration and interferant removal. Ibis technique to create high-aspect-ratio (as much as 4:1) gold microstructures in constrained areas involved the modification of stud bump geometry with microfabricated silicon molds via an optimized combination of temperature, pressure, and time. The microelectrodes that resulted consisted of an array of square pillars similar to 18 mu m tall and 20 mu m wide on each side, placed at the end of a microfabricated electrophoresis channel. This technique increased the active surface area of the microelectrodes by as much as a factor of 50, while mass transfer and, consequently, preconcentration collection efficiencies were increased to similar to 100%, compared to similar to 30% efficiency for planar nonmodified microelectrodes (samples that were used included the neurobransmitters dopamine and catechol). The 3D microelectrodes were used both in a stand-alone configuration, for direct EC detection of model catecholamine analytes, and, more interestingly, in dual electrode configurations for EC sample processing prior to detection downstream at a second planar electrode. In particular, the 3D electrodes were shown to be capable of performing coulometry or complete (100%) redox conversion of analyte species over a wide range of concentrations, from 4.3 mu M to 4.4 mM, in either plug-flow or continuous-flow formats. C1 [Pai, Rekha S.; Walsh, Kevin M.; Crain, Mark M.; Jackson, Douglas J.; Naber, John F.] Univ Louisville, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Roussel, Thomas J., Jr.; Keynton, Robert S.] Univ Louisville, Dept Bioengn, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Baldwin, Richard P.] Univ Louisville, Dept Chem, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. RP Pai, RS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, NRL, Code 6365 Mat & Sensors, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM rekha.pai@nrl.navy.mil RI Keynton, Robert/G-6348-2011 FU Department of Energy [4-64111-01-0950]; National Science Foundation [4-65752-02-356]; University of Louisville fellowship FX Financial support for this work was provided by the Department of Energy (Grant No. 4-64111-01-0950) and the National Science Foundation (NSF-EPSCoR, Grant No. 4-65752-02-356). R.S.P. was funded by a University of Louisville fellowship during this project. NR 26 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUN 15 PY 2009 VL 81 IS 12 BP 4762 EP 4769 DI 10.1021/ac9002529 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 457XN UT WOS:000266969700013 PM 19459620 ER PT J AU Medintz, IL Farrell, D Susumu, K Trammell, SA Deschamps, JR Brunel, FM Dawson, PE Mattoussi, H AF Medintz, Igor L. Farrell, Dorothy Susumu, Kimihiro Trammell, Scott A. Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Brunel, Florence M. Dawson, Philip E. Mattoussi, Hedi TI Multiplex Charge-Transfer Interactions between Quantum Dots and Peptide-Bridged Ruthenium Complexes SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; CDSE; NANOCRYSTALS; HYBRIDIZATION; BIOSENSORS; LIBRARIES; BARCODES; PROTEIN; DESIGN; CELLS AB Simultaneous detection of multiple independent fluorescent signals or signal multiplexing has the potential to significantly improve bioassay throughput and to allow visualization of concurrent cellular events. Applications based on signal multiplexing, however, remain hard to achieve in practice due to difficulties in both implementing hardware and the photophysical liabilities associated with available organic dye and protein fluorophores. Here, we used charge-transfer interactions between luminescent semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) and proximal redox complexes to demonstrate controlled quenching of QD photoemission in a multiplexed format. In particular, we show that, because of the ability of the Ru complex to effectively interact with CdSe-ZnS QDs emitting over a broad window of the optical spectrum, higher orders of multiplexed quenching can be achieved in a relatively facile manner. Polyhistidine-appended peptides were site-specifically labeled with a redox-active ruthenium (Ru) phenanthroline complex and self-assembled onto QDs, resulting in controlled quenching of the QD emission. Different QD colors either alone or coupled to Ru-phen-peptide were then mixed together and optically interrogated. Composite spectra collected from mixtures ranging from four up to eight distinct QD colors were deconvoluted, and the individual QD photoluminescence (PL) loss due to charge transfer was quantified. The current multiplexing modality provides a simpler format for exploiting the narrow, size-tunable QD emissions than that offered by resonance energy transfer; for the latter, higher orders of multiplexing are limited by spectral overlap requirements. C1 [Medintz, Igor L.; Trammell, Scott A.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Farrell, Dorothy; Susumu, Kimihiro; Mattoussi, Hedi] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Brunel, Florence M.; Dawson, Philip E.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Brunel, Florence M.; Dawson, Philip E.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Chem, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Brunel, Florence M.; Dawson, Philip E.] Scripps Res Inst, Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Medintz, IL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil; Hedi.mattoussi@nrl.navy.mil OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010 FU ONR; NRL Nanosciences Institute; CB Directorate/Physical S&T Division (DTRA); NRC FX The authors acknowledge ONR, the NRL Nanosciences Institute, and the CB Directorate/Physical S&T Division (DTRA) for financial support. D.F. acknowledges an NRC fellowship through NRL. I.L.M. and D.F. contributed equally to this work NR 32 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 3 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUN 15 PY 2009 VL 81 IS 12 BP 4831 EP 4839 DI 10.1021/ac900412j PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 457XN UT WOS:000266969700021 PM 19445483 ER PT J AU Baca, AJ Truong, TT Cambrea, LR Montgomery, JM Gray, SK Abdula, D Banks, TR Yao, JM Nuzzo, RG Rogers, JA AF Baca, Alfred J. Truong, Tu T. Cambrea, Lee R. Montgomery, Jason M. Gray, Stephen K. Abdula, Daner Banks, Tony R. Yao, Jimin Nuzzo, Ralph G. Rogers, John A. TI Molded plasmonic crystals for detecting and spatially imaging surface bound species by surface-enhanced Raman scattering SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE monolayers; nanofabrication; nanolithography; nanostructured materials; plasmonics; soft lithography; surface enhanced Raman scattering ID SPECTROSCOPY; MONOLAYERS AB This report introduces a type of plasmonic crystal that consists of metal coated nanostructures of relief molded on a polymer film as a substrate for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Such crystals exhibit SERS enhancement factors of similar to 10(5), over large areas and with sufficiently high levels of uniformity for precise two-dimensional Raman mapping of surface bound monolayers. The ease of fabrication together with the high sensitivities and spatial resolution that can be achieved suggests an attractive route to SERS substrates for portable chemical warfare agent detection, environmental monitors, noninvasive imaging of biomolecules, and other applications. C1 [Baca, Alfred J.; Truong, Tu T.; Banks, Tony R.; Nuzzo, Ralph G.; Rogers, John A.] Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst, Fredrick Seitz Mat Res Lab, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Cambrea, Lee R.] USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, Dept Chem, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. [Montgomery, Jason M.; Gray, Stephen K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Abdula, Daner; Yao, Jimin; Rogers, John A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Abdula, Daner; Yao, Jimin; Rogers, John A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Baca, AJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst, Fredrick Seitz Mat Res Lab, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM jrogers@illinois.edu RI Truong, Tu/E-7029-2011; Rogers, John /L-2798-2016; OI Abdula, Daner/0000-0002-5912-7482 FU U. S. Department of Energy (DoE), Division of Materials Sciences [DE-FG02-07ER46471]; NERSC [DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC0206CH11357] FX A. J. B. thanks C. Conway and D. Stevenson and support from the SMART fellowship program. This work was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy (DoE), Division of Materials Sciences, Contract No. DE-FG02-07ER46471 and ONR ILIR program. Use of NERSC was supported by DOE Contract Nos. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and DE-AC0206CH11357. NR 14 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 2009 VL 94 IS 24 AR 243109 DI 10.1063/1.3155198 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 460DF UT WOS:000267166600066 ER PT J AU Finkel, P Zhou, AG Basu, S Yeheskel, O Barsoum, MW AF Finkel, P. Zhou, A. G. Basu, S. Yeheskel, O. Barsoum, M. W. TI Direct observation of nonlinear acoustoelastic hysteresis in kinking nonlinear elastic solids SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE aluminium compounds; dislocation interactions; elasticity; kink bands; silicon compounds; stress-strain relations; titanium compounds; ultrasonic absorption; ultrasonic transmission ID WAVE-PROPAGATION; SLOW DYNAMICS; TI3SIC2; TEMPERATURE; DEFORMATION; TI3GEC2; PHASES AB Herein we report on direct experimental observation of nonlinear hysteretic ultrasonic wave transmission through the kinking nonlinear elastic solids Ti(3)SiC(2) and Ti(3)AlC(2) under bias-stress loading. We observed two characteristic regimes; up to strain approximate to 2x10(-4), the ultrasound attenuation increased strongly and linearly with strain. At higher strains, the attenuation was fully reversible and hysteretic as the compressive stresses were cycled. This hysteretic behavior was attributed to interaction of the acoustic waves with dislocations in the incipient kink bands, the micromechanism believed to be responsible for the concomitant hysteretic stress-strain loops. The relevance of these findings to possible sensor applications is briefly discussed. C1 [Finkel, P.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Zhou, A. G.; Basu, S.; Yeheskel, O.; Barsoum, M. W.] Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Finkel, P (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM peter.finkel@navy.mil RI Zhou, Aiguo/B-3560-2008; Basu, Sandip/B-1890-2008 OI Zhou, Aiguo/0000-0002-0029-9060; FU ARO Project [W911NF-07-1-0628] FX The authors would like to thank Dr. A. Sutin of Stevens Institute of Technology for many useful suggestions and discussions. In addition, we acknowledge the support by ARO Project No. W911NF-07-1-0628. NR 35 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 2009 VL 94 IS 24 AR 241904 DI 10.1063/1.3155201 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 460DF UT WOS:000267166600026 ER PT J AU Biffinger, JC Ray, R Little, BJ Fitzgerald, LA Ribbens, M Finkel, SE Ringeisen, BR AF Biffinger, Justin C. Ray, Ricky Little, Brenda J. Fitzgerald, Lisa A. Ribbens, Meghann Finkel, Steven E. Ringeisen, Bradley R. TI Simultaneous Analysis of Physiological and Electrical Output Changes in an Operating Microbial Fuel Cell With Shewanella oneidensis SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE microbial fuel cell; Shewanella; biofilm; cellular physiology; glucose; lactate ID METAL-REDUCING BACTERIUM; BIOFILM GROWTH; MR-1; METABOLISM; PUTREFACIENS; REDUCTION; IMPEDANCE; PATHWAYS; EXPOSURE; FLAVINS AB Changes in metabolism and cellular physiology of facultative anaerobes during oxygen exposure can be Substantial, but little is known about how these changes connect with electrical current output from an operating microbial fuel cell (MFC). A high-throughput voltage based screening assay (VBSA) was used to correlate current output from a MFC containing Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 to carbon source (glucose or lactate) utilization, culture conditions, and biofilm coverage over 250 h. Lactate induced an immediate Current response from S. oneidensis MR-1, with both air-exposed and anaerobic anodes throughout the duration of the experiments. Glucose was initially utilized for current output by MR-1 when cultured and maintained in the presence of air. However, after repeated additions of glucose, the current output from the MFC decreased Substantially while viable planktonic cell counts and biofilm coverage remained constant suggesting that extracellular electron transfer pathways were being inhibited. Shewanella maintained under an anaerobic atmosphere did not utilize glucose consistent with literature precedents. Operation of the VBSA permitted data collection from nine simultaneous S. oneidensis MR-1 MFC experiments in which each experiment was able to demonstrate organic carbon source utilization and oxygen dependent biofilm formation on a carbon electrode. These data provide the first direct evidence of complex cellular responses to electron donor and oxygen tension by Shewanella in an operating MFC at select time points. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009;103: 524-531. Published 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Biffinger, Justin C.; Fitzgerald, Lisa A.; Ringeisen, Bradley R.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ray, Ricky; Little, Brenda J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, John C Stennis Space Ctr, Slidell, MS USA. [Ribbens, Meghann; Finkel, Steven E.] Univ So Calif, Dept Biol Sci, Mol & Computat Biol Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Biffinger, JC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave SW,Code 6113, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM justin.biffinger@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [62123N]; ONR [N0001409AF00002]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-06-1]; National Research Council FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research (NRL 6.2 Program Element Number 62123N) and ONR program N0001409AF00002 and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (MURI Program, #FA9550-06-1) to S.E.F. We thank the National Research Council for L.A.F. research associateship. NR 37 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 26 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0006-3592 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD JUN 15 PY 2009 VL 103 IS 3 BP 524 EP 531 DI 10.1002/bit.22266 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 446XJ UT WOS:000266154600010 PM 19189395 ER PT J AU Willauer, HD Ananth, R Farley, JP Williams, FW AF Willauer, Heather D. Ananth, Ramagopal Farley, John P. Williams, Frederick W. TI Mitigation of TNT and Destex explosion effects using water mist SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Suppression; Water mist; TNT; Destex; Overpressure ID SPRAYS; SUPPRESSION AB The effects water mist has on the overpressures produced by the detonation of 50 lb equivalent of high explosives (HE) TNT and Destex in a chamber is reported. The overpressures for each charge density were measured with and without mist preemptively sprayed into the space. A droplet analyzer was placed in the chamber prior to the detonation experiments to characterize the water mist used to mitigate the explosion overpressures. The impulse, initial blast wave, and quasi-static overpressure measured in the blast mitigation experiments were reduced by as much as 40%, 36%, 35% for TNT and 43%, 25%. 33% for Destex when water mist was sprayed 60s prior to detonation at a concentration of 70 g/m(3) and droplet Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) 54 mu m. These results suggest that current water mist technology is a potentially promising concept for the mitigation of overpressure effects produced from the detonation of high explosives. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Willauer, Heather D.; Ananth, Ramagopal; Farley, John P.; Williams, Frederick W.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Navy Technol Ctr Safety & Survivabil, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Willauer, HD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Navy Technol Ctr Safety & Survivabil, Code 6180,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Heather.Willauer@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. We would like to acknowledge that this work would not have been possible without the test materials provided by Marioff and the technical support and facilities provided by the NSWC Indian Head personnel. We especially would like to thank the NSWC Indian Head personnel for preparing the test area, installing the instruments, and conducting the detonation tests. NR 20 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD JUN 15 PY 2009 VL 165 IS 1-3 BP 1068 EP 1073 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.10.130 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 446KY UT WOS:000266121700143 PM 19097694 ER PT J AU Urick, VJ Godinez, ME Devgan, PS McKinney, JD Bucholtz, F AF Urick, Vincent J. Godinez, Modesto E. Devgan, Preetpaul S. McKinney, Jason D. Bucholtz, Frank TI Analysis of an Analog Fiber-Optic Link Employing a Low-Biased Mach-Zehnder Modulator Followed by an Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Low-biased modulation; microwave photonics; optical fiber amplifiers ID DYNAMIC-RANGE; PHOTONIC LINKS; OPTIMIZATION; PERFORMANCE; GAIN AB In this paper, a complete analysis of an analog fiber-optic link employing a low-biased Mach-Zehnder modulator followed by optical amplification with an erbium-doped fiber amplifier is presented. The expressions for RF gain, RF noise figure, second- and third-order intercept points, and spurious-free dynamic range are derived. Experimental data are employed to support the analytical results, and the optimal bias points for the metrics are demonstrated. C1 [Urick, Vincent J.; Devgan, Preetpaul S.; McKinney, Jason D.; Bucholtz, Frank] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Godinez, Modesto E.] SFA Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. RP Urick, VJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM vurick@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; modesto.godinez@jieddo.dod.mil; pdevgan@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; jdm@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; frank.bucholtz@nrl.navy.mil NR 36 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0733-8724 EI 1558-2213 J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL JI J. Lightwave Technol. PD JUN 15 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 12 BP 2013 EP 2019 DI 10.1109/JLT.2008.2006283 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA 470QK UT WOS:000267993400005 ER PT J AU Landwehr, SE Hilmas, GE Fahrenholtz, WG Talmy, IG Wang, H AF Landwehr, Sean E. Hilmas, Gregory E. Fahrenholtz, William G. Talmy, Inna G. Wang, Hsin TI Thermal properties and thermal shock resistance of liquid phase sintered ZrC-Mo cermets SO MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Zirconium carbide; Molybdenum; Thermal properties; Thermal shock ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS; ZIRCONIUM CARBIDE; CONDUCTIVITY; COMPOSITES; BEHAVIOR; NITRIDE AB The linear thermal expansion coefficient (CTE), heat capacity, and thermal conductivity, were investigated as a function of temperature for hot pressed ZrC and liquid phase sintered ZrC-Mo cermets. The ZrC and the ZrC-Mo cermets had the same CTE at 50 degrees C (similar to 5.1-5.5 ppm degrees C(-1)), but the CTE of ZrC increased to similar to 12.2 ppm degrees C(-1) at 1000 degrees C compared to similar to 7.2-8.5 ppm degrees C(-1) for the ZrC-Mo cermets. Heat capacity was calculated using a rule of mixtures and previously reported thermodynamic data. Thermal diffusivity was measured with a laser flash method and was, in turn, used to calculate thermal conductivity. Thermal conductivity increased linearly with increasing temperature for all compositions and was affected by solid solution formation and carbon deficiency of the carbide phases. Hot pressed ZrC had the highest thermal conductivity (similar to 30-37 W m(-1) K(-1)). The nominally 20 and 30 vol% Mo compositions of the ZrC-Mo cermets had a lower thermal conductivity, but the thermal conductivity generally increased with increasing Mo content. Water quench thermal shock testing showed that ZrC-30vol% Mo had a critical temperature difference of 350 degrees C, which was similar to 120 degrees C higher than ZrC. This increase was due to the increased toughness of the cermet compared to ZrC. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Landwehr, Sean E.] Kennametal Inc, Latrobe, PA 15650 USA. [Hilmas, Gregory E.; Fahrenholtz, William G.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. [Talmy, Inna G.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Ceram Sci Grp, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Wang, Hsin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Landwehr, SE (reprint author), Kennametal Inc, Latrobe, PA 15650 USA. EM sean.landwehr@kennametal.com RI Wang, Hsin/A-1942-2013; OI Wang, Hsin/0000-0003-2426-9867; Fahrenholtz, William/0000-0002-8497-0092 NR 26 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0254-0584 J9 MATER CHEM PHYS JI Mater. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2009 VL 115 IS 2-3 BP 690 EP 695 DI 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2009.02.012 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 467ZX UT WOS:000267783900037 ER PT J AU Subrahmanyam, B Heffner, DM Cromwell, D Shriver, JF AF Subrahmanyam, Bulusu Heffner, David M. Cromwell, David Shriver, Jay F. TI Detection of Rossby waves in multi-parameters in multi-mission satellite observations and HYCOM simulations in the Indian Ocean SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Rossby waves; Indian Ocean; HYCOM; Satellite observations; SSH; SST; Ocean color ID EXTRATROPICAL PLANETARY-WAVES; SUBTROPICAL CONVERGENCE ZONE; VARYING MEAN FLOW; BOTTOM TOPOGRAPHY; NORTH-ATLANTIC; PROPAGATION; OCEANOGRAPHY; ALTIMETER; GEOSAT; COLOR AB Rossby waves are difficult to detect with in situ methods. However. as we show in this paper, they can be clearly identified in multi-parameters in multi-mission satellite observations of sea surface height (SSH), sea surface temperature (SST) and ocean color observations of chlorophyll-a (chl-a), as well as 1/12 degrees global HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) simulations of SSH, SST and sea surface salinity (SSS) in the Indian Ocean. While the surface structure of Rossby waves can be elucidated from comparisons of the signal in different sea surface parameters, models are needed to gain direct information about how these waves affect the ocean at depth. The first three baroclinic modes of the Rossby waves are inferred from the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), and two-dimensional Radon Transform (2D RT). At many latitudes the first and second baroclinic mode Rossby wave phase speeds from satellite observations and model parameters are identified. Wavelet transforms of these multi-para meters from satellite observations and model simulations help to discriminate between the annual and semi-annual signal of these Rossby waves. This comprehensive study reveals that the surface signature of Rossby waves in SSS anomalies is likely to be between 0.05 and 0.3 psu in the South Indian Ocean. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Subrahmanyam, Bulusu] Univ S Carolina, Marine Sci Program, Columbia, SC 29205 USA. [Subrahmanyam, Bulusu; Heffner, David M.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Geol Sci, Columbia, SC 29205 USA. [Cromwell, David] Natl Oceanog Ctr, Ocean Observing & Climate Res Grp, Southampton S014 3ZH, Hants, England. [Shriver, Jay F.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Subrahmanyam, B (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Marine Sci Program, Columbia, SC 29205 USA. EM sbulusu@geol.sc.edu FU NASA Physical Oceanography [NNG06GJ22G]; Office of Naval Research (ONR) [601153N] FX This work was supported in part by the NASA Physical Oceanography Program under Grant NNG06GJ22G awarded to B.S. JS was supported by the 6.1 project "Global and Remote Littoral Forcing in Global Ocean Models" sponsored by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) under program element 601153N. The HYCOM model results were obtained under grants of challenge and non-challenge computer time from the Department of Defense High Performance Computing Program at the Naval Oceanographic Office, Stennis Space Center, MS. We wish to give special thanks to Mr. Jeff R. Blundell for providing helpful comments and discussion that greatly enhanced this paper. We would also like to thank late Prof Peter Killworth for making the theoretical Rossby wave speed data available. The authors would like to thank two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and thorough review. NR 33 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD JUN 15 PY 2009 VL 113 IS 6 BP 1293 EP 1303 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2009.02.017 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 446LP UT WOS:000266123400015 ER PT J AU Mahadik, NA Qadri, SB Sundaresan, SG Rao, MV Tian, YL Zhang, QC AF Mahadik, Nadeemullah A. Qadri, Syed B. Sundaresan, Siddarth G. Rao, Mulpluri V. Tian, Yonglai Zhang, Qingchun TI Effects of microwave annealing on crystalline quality of ion-implanted SiC epitaxial layers SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Conference on Surface Modification of Materials by Ion Beams CY SEP 30-OCT 05, 2007 CL Univ Mumbai, Mumbai, INDIA SP Mat Res Soc India, Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Tata Inst Fundamental Res HO Univ Mumbai DE Silicon Carbide; X-ray diffraction; Microwave annealing AB High resolution X-ray rocking curve measurements were performed on Al(+) ion-implanted 4H-Silicon Carbide (SiC) epitaxial layers, before and after 30 s ultra-fast microwave annealing in the temperature range of 1750-1900 degrees C, to examine the crystalline quality of the material. Based on the full width at half maximum (FWHM) values of the rocking curves, we observed an improvement in the crystalline quality of the microwave annealed samples compared to the conventional furnace annealed sample. The sample annealed at 1900 degrees C showed the best rocking curve FWHM of 9 +/- 2 arcsecs, which not only shows a recovery of the defects introduced during the Al(+) ion-implantation process, but also an improvement in crystalline quality over the as-grown virgin 4H-SiC sample that had a rocking curve FWHM of 18.7 +/- 2 arcsecs. In this work, we have also correlated the variation of the rocking curve FWHMs with increasing penetration into the epilayer with the depth dependent microwave absorption in the SiC epilayer. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Qadri, Syed B.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mahadik, Nadeemullah A.; Sundaresan, Siddarth G.; Rao, Mulpluri V.] George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Tian, Yonglai] L T Technol, Fairfax, VA 22033 USA. [Zhang, Qingchun] Cree Inc, Durham, NC 27703 USA. RP Qadri, SB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM qadri@anvil.nrl.navy.mil RI Mahadik, Nadeemullah/C-8551-2009 NR 10 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD JUN 15 PY 2009 VL 203 IS 17-18 BP 2625 EP 2627 DI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2009.02.081 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 454KY UT WOS:000266682000065 ER PT J AU Pearson, JD Zikry, MA Wahl, K AF Pearson, J. D. Zikry, M. A. Wahl, K. TI Computational design of thin-film nanocomposite coatings for optimized stress and velocity accommodation response SO WEAR LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Conference on Wear of Materials CY APR 19-23, 2009 CL Las Vegas, NV DE Nanocomposite; Thin-film coating; Solid lubricant; Finite-element modeling ID CHAMELEON SURFACE ADAPTATION; MOS2 COATINGS; WEAR; BEHAVIOR; DRY AB The tailoring of thin-film coatings comprised of high strength nano-grained constituents is investigated by new microstructurally based finite-element techniques for applications related to the wear durability,, and performance of these coatings over a broad range of temperatures and loading conditions. These coatings are comprised of brittle phases, diamond-like carbon and partially stabilized zirconia and ductile constituents, such as gold and molybdenum. The effects of wear, contact transfer films, grain sizes and distributions, grain spacing and strength are used to determine the optimal thin-film coating compositions. Comparisons are made with experimental measurements pertaining to durability and wear for validation and for the development of design guidelines for thin-film nanocomposite coatings. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pearson, J. D.; Zikry, M. A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Wahl, K.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Zikry, MA (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM zikry@ncsu.edu OI Wahl, Kathryn/0000-0001-8163-6964 NR 23 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD JUN 15 PY 2009 VL 267 IS 5-8 BP 1137 EP 1145 DI 10.1016/j.wear.2008.11.027 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 465JX UT WOS:000267580700062 ER PT J AU Shaw, WJ Stanton, TP McPhee, MG Morison, JH Martinson, DG AF Shaw, W. J. Stanton, T. P. McPhee, M. G. Morison, J. H. Martinson, D. G. TI Role of the upper ocean in the energy budget of Arctic sea ice during SHEBA SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE HEAT-BUDGET; BOUNDARY-LAYER; CANADIAN BASIN; MIXED-LAYER; ART.; FLUX; TEMPERATURE; HALOCLINE; EXCHANGE; VARIABILITY AB As part of the 1997-1998 Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Experiment (SHEBA), a nearly yearlong record of upper ocean observations was obtained below a drifting ice camp in the Beaufort Gyre. A combination of observational and numerical modeling techniques are used to estimate heat fluxes across the under-ice ocean boundary layer. Over the Canada Basin, the upper pycnocline contained moderate heat, but strong stratification effectively insulated it from mixed layer turbulence. Average resulting heat fluxes at the base of the mixed layer (F-pyc) and at the ocean-ice interface ( F-0) were small (0.3-1.2 and 0.2 W m(-2), respectively). Over the Chukchi Borderlands, the presence of relatively warm and salty Pacific origin water increased upper pycnocline heat content and reduced stratification, which permitted moderate F-pyc and F-0 (2.1-3.7 and 3.5 W m(-2), respectively). Solar insolation was the dominant heat source during the final, summertime portion of the drift. During the heating period, F-pyc was relatively small (0.4-1.5 W m(-2)) while F-0 was large (16.3 W m(-2)). The drift-averaged value of F-0 was 7.6 W m(-2). Energy budgets for the ice cover were constructed. The oceanic contribution to the budget during the portion of the drift over the Chukchi Borderlands, supported by entrainment of heat stored in the upper pycnocline, was responsible for a 15% reduction in ice growth. During the summer heating season, the F-0 estimates were larger than the latent energy changes associated with basal melting. C1 [Shaw, W. J.; Stanton, T. P.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [McPhee, M. G.] McPhee Res Co, Naches, WA 98937 USA. [Martinson, D. G.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Earth Inst, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. [Martinson, D. G.] Columbia Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. [Morison, J. H.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Polar Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. RP Shaw, WJ (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM wjshaw@nps.edu FU National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs [OPP-9701391, OPP-0084296] FX Jim Stockel contributed significantly to the acquisition and processing of the CTD and thermal microstructure data. The careful reading of the manuscript by two anonymous reviewers led to significant improvements. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs through awards OPP-9701391 and OPP-0084296. NR 49 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JUN 12 PY 2009 VL 114 AR C06012 DI 10.1029/2008JC004991 PG 21 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 458GE UT WOS:000267002700002 ER PT J AU Bailey, JK Schweitzer, JA Ubeda, F Koricheva, J LeRoy, CJ Madritch, MD Rehill, BJ Bangert, RK Fischer, DG Allan, GJ Whitham, TG AF Bailey, Joseph K. Schweitzer, Jennifer A. Ubeda, Francisco Koricheva, Julia LeRoy, Carri J. Madritch, Michael D. Rehill, Brian J. Bangert, Randy K. Fischer, Dylan G. Allan, Gerard J. Whitham, Thomas G. TI From genes to ecosystems: a synthesis of the effects of plant genetic factors across levels of organization SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE community and ecosystem genetics; meta-analysis; intraspecific variation; introgression; genotypic diversity; genes to ecosystems ID ARTHROPOD COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; LITTER DECOMPOSITION; GENOTYPIC DIVERSITY; SIMILARITY RULE; RAPID EVOLUTION; HYBRID ZONES; DYNAMICS; CONSEQUENCES; POPULUS; INTROGRESSION AB Using two genetic approaches and seven different plant systems, we present findings from a metaanalysis examining the strength of the effects of plant genetic introgression and genotypic diversity across individual, community and ecosystem levels with the goal of synthesizing the patterns to date. We found that (i) the strength of plant genetic effects can be quite high; however, the overall strength of genetic effects on most response variables declined as the levels of organization increased. (ii) Plant genetic effects varied such that introgression had a greater impact on individual phenotypes than extended effects on arthropods or microbes/fungi. By contrast, the greatest effects of genotypic diversity were on arthropods. (iii) Plant genetic effects were greater on above-ground versus below-ground processes, but there was no difference between terrestrial and aquatic environments. (iv) The strength of the effects of intraspecific genotypic diversity tended to be weaker than interspecific genetic introgression. (v) Although genetic effects generally decline across levels of organization, in some cases they do not, suggesting that specific organisms and/or processes may respond more than others to underlying genetic variation. Because patterns in the overall impacts of introgression and genotypic diversity were generally consistent across diverse study systems and consistent with theoretical expectations, these results provide generality for understanding the extended consequences of plant genetic variation across levels of organization, with evolutionary implications. C1 [Bailey, Joseph K.; Schweitzer, Jennifer A.; Ubeda, Francisco] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Koricheva, Julia] Univ London, Sch Biol Sci, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. [LeRoy, Carri J.; Fischer, Dylan G.] Evergreen State Coll, Environm Studies Program, Olympia, WA 98505 USA. [Madritch, Michael D.] Appalachian State Univ, Dept Biol, Boone, NC 28608 USA. [Rehill, Brian J.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Bangert, Randy K.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. [Allan, Gerard J.; Whitham, Thomas G.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Environm Genet & Genom Facil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Allan, Gerard J.; Whitham, Thomas G.] No Arizona Univ, Merriam Powell Ctr Environm Res, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Bailey, JK (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM joe.bailey@utk.edu RI Koricheva, Julia /G-6754-2011 OI Koricheva, Julia /0000-0002-9033-0171 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0743437, DEB-0344019, DEB-0425908] FX We would like to thank the Centre for Population Biology at Imperial College, Silwood Park for supporting the Eco-Evo working group. We would like to thank Fanie Pelletier, Andrew Hendry and Dany Garant for organizing the meeting. In particular, we would like to thank Marc Johnson, Andrew Hendry and one anonymous reviewer for their helpful comments that significantly improved the manuscript. We thank the Ogden Nature Center and the Utah Department of Natural Resources for supporting our common garden facilities and the Bureau of Reclamation for implementing some of these ideas in current restoration efforts. Our research was supported by National Science Foundation DEB-0743437, DEB-0344019 and DEB-0425908 grants. NR 54 TC 136 Z9 138 U1 8 U2 110 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8436 J9 PHILOS T R SOC B JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD JUN 12 PY 2009 VL 364 IS 1523 BP 1607 EP 1616 DI 10.1098/rstb.2008.0336 PG 10 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 440XE UT WOS:000265732200012 PM 19414474 ER PT J AU Azechi, H Sakaiya, T Watari, T Karasik, M Saito, H Ohtani, K Takeda, K Hosoda, H Shiraga, H Nakai, M Shigemori, K Fujioka, S Murakami, M Nagatomo, H Johzaki, T Gardner, J Colombant, DG Bates, JW Velikovich, AL Aglitskiy, Y Weaver, J Obenschain, S Eliezer, S Kodama, R Norimatsu, T Fujita, H Mima, K Kan, H AF Azechi, H. Sakaiya, T. Watari, T. Karasik, M. Saito, H. Ohtani, K. Takeda, K. Hosoda, H. Shiraga, H. Nakai, M. Shigemori, K. Fujioka, S. Murakami, M. Nagatomo, H. Johzaki, T. Gardner, J. Colombant, D. G. Bates, J. W. Velikovich, A. L. Aglitskiy, Y. Weaver, J. Obenschain, S. Eliezer, S. Kodama, R. Norimatsu, T. Fujita, H. Mima, K. Kan, H. TI Experimental Evidence of Impact Ignition: 100-Fold Increase of Neutron Yield by Impactor Collision SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LASER FUSION IGNITION; HIGH-GAIN; PERFORMANCE; INSTABILITY; FACILITY; TARGETS; DENSITY AB We performed integrated experiments on impact ignition, in which a portion of a deuterated polystyrene (CD) shell was accelerated to about 600 km/s and was collided with precompressed CD fuel. The kinetic energy of the impactor was efficiently converted into thermal energy generating a temperature of about 1.6 keV. We achieved a two-order-of-magnitude increase in the neutron yield by optimizing the timing of the impact collision, demonstrating the high potential of impact ignition for fusion energy production. C1 [Azechi, H.; Sakaiya, T.; Watari, T.; Saito, H.; Ohtani, K.; Takeda, K.; Hosoda, H.; Shiraga, H.; Nakai, M.; Shigemori, K.; Fujioka, S.; Murakami, M.; Nagatomo, H.; Johzaki, T.; Kodama, R.; Norimatsu, T.; Fujita, H.; Mima, K.] Osaka Univ, Inst Laser Engn, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. [Karasik, M.; Gardner, J.; Colombant, D. G.; Bates, J. W.; Velikovich, A. L.; Weaver, J.; Obenschain, S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Aglitskiy, Y.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22105 USA. [Eliezer, S.] Soreq Nucl Res Ctr, Dept Plasma Phys, IL-70600 Yavne, Israel. [Kodama, R.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. [Kan, H.] Hamamatsu Photon KK, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 4348601, Japan. RP Azechi, H (reprint author), Osaka Univ, Inst Laser Engn, 2-6 Yamada Oka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. RI Azechi, Hiroshi/H-5876-2015; Nakai, Mitsuo/I-6758-2015; Norimatsu, Takayoshi/I-5710-2015; Shiraga, Hiroyuki/I-9565-2015; Fujioka, Shinsuke/J-5530-2015; Shigemori, Keisuke/B-3262-2013; Mima, Kunioki/H-9014-2016; Kodama, Ryosuke/G-2627-2016; murakami, masakatsu/I-2309-2015; Johzaki, Tomoyuki/D-8678-2012 OI Nakai, Mitsuo/0000-0001-6076-756X; Fujioka, Shinsuke/0000-0001-8406-1772; Shigemori, Keisuke/0000-0002-3978-8427; murakami, masakatsu/0000-0003-2220-7638; NR 24 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 12 PY 2009 VL 102 IS 23 AR 235002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.235002 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 457ZI UT WOS:000266977500035 PM 19658942 ER PT J AU Eddy, CR Gaskill, DK AF Eddy, C. R., Jr. Gaskill, D. K. TI Silicon Carbide as a Platform for Power Electronics SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; GROWTH C1 [Eddy, C. R., Jr.; Gaskill, D. K.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Eddy, CR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM charles.eddy@nrl.navy.mil; david.gaskill@nrl.navy.mil NR 7 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 2 U2 36 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 12 PY 2009 VL 324 IS 5933 BP 1398 EP 1400 DI 10.1126/science.1168704 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 456VD UT WOS:000266878700030 PM 19520947 ER PT J AU Phillips, CJ Matyas, GR Hansen, CJ Alving, CR Smith, TC Ryan, MAK AF Phillips, Christopher J. Matyas, Gary R. Hansen, Christian J. Alving, Carl R. Smith, Tyler C. Ryan, Margaret A. K. TI Antibodies to squalene in US Navy Persian Gulf War veterans with chronic multisymptom illness SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Immunologic adjuvants; Squalene; Anthrax vaccines ID DESERT-STORM; HEALTH; SYMPTOMS; EXPOSURE; INDUCTION; RESPONSES; ASSAY AB Since the end of the 1991 Gulf War, there have been reports of unexplained, multisymptom illnesses afflicting veterans who consistently report more symptoms than do nondeployed veterans. One of the many possible exposures suspected of causing chronic multisymptom illnesses Gulf War veterans is squalene, thought to be present in anthrax vaccine. We examined the relationship between squalene antibodies and chronic symptoms reported by Navy construction workers (Seabees), n = 579. 30.2% were deployers, 7.4% were defined as ill, and 43.5% were positive for squalene antibodies. We found no association between squalene antibody Status and chronic multisymptom illness (p = 0.465). The etiology of Gulf War syndrome remains unknown, but Should not include squalene antibody status. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Phillips, Christopher J.; Hansen, Christian J.; Smith, Tyler C.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Matyas, Gary R.; Alving, Carl R.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Adjuvant, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Matyas, Gary R.; Alving, Carl R.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Antigen Res Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Ryan, Margaret A. K.] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Epidemiol, Dept Family & Prevent Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Phillips, CJ (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM chris.phillips@med.navy.mil OI Matyas, Gary/0000-0002-2074-2373 FU Naval Health Research Center [08-34]; Department of Defense [60002]; US Department of the Navy; US Department of the Army; US Department of the Air Force; US Department of Defense; federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research [NHRC.2002.0013] FX This represents Naval Health Research Center report 08-34, supported by the Department of Defense, under work unit No. 60002. Funding sources did not play any other role. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the US Department of the Navy, US Department of the Army, US Department of the Air Force, or US Department of Defense, approved for public release. This research has been conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research (Protocol NHRC.2002.0013). NR 41 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 12 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 29 BP 3921 EP 3926 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.03.091 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 465KA UT WOS:000267581300017 PM 19379786 ER PT J AU Kulkarni, SS Zou, MF Cao, JJ Deschamps, JR Rodriguez, AL Conn, PJ Newman, AH AF Kulkarni, Santosh S. Zou, Mu-Fa Cao, Jianjing Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Rodriguez, Alice L. Conn, P. Jeffrey Newman, Amy Hauck TI Structure-Activity Relationships Comparing N-(6-Methylpyridin-yl)-Substituted Aryl Amides to 2-Methyl-6-(substituted-arylethynyl)pyridines or 2-Methyl-4-(substituted-arylethynyl)thiazoles as Novel Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Subtype 5 Antagonists SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS; MGLUR5 ANTAGONIST; ALLOSTERIC MODULATORS; ANXIOLYTIC ACTIVITY; SQUIRREL-MONKEYS; COCAINE SEEKING; POTENT; PHARMACOLOGY; DESIGN; MPEP AB The metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5) has been implicated in anxiety, depression, pain, mental retardation, and addiction. The potent and selective noncompetitive mGluR5 antagonist 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine (MPEP, 1) has been a critically important tool used to further elucidate the role of mGluR5 in these CNS disorders. In an effort to provide novel and structurally diverse selective mGluR5 antagonists, we previously described a set of analogues with moderate activity wherein the alkyne bond was replaced with an amide group. In the present report, extended series of both amide and alkyne-based ligands were synthesized. MGluR5 binding and functional data were obtained that identified (1) several novel alkynes with comparable affinities to 1 at mGluR5 (e.g., 10 and 20-23), but (2) most structural variations to the amide template were not well tolerated, although a few potent amides were discovered (e.g., 55 and 56). Several of these novel analogues show drug-like physical properties (e.g., cLogP range = 2-5) that support their use for in vivo investigation into the role of mGluR5 in CNS disorders. C1 [Kulkarni, Santosh S.; Zou, Mu-Fa; Cao, Jianjing; Newman, Amy Hauck] Natl Inst Drug Abuse, Med Chem Sect, Intramural Res Program, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Rodriguez, Alice L.; Conn, P. Jeffrey] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Vanderbilt Program Drug Discovery, Dept Pharmacol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. RP Newman, AH (reprint author), Natl Inst Drug Abuse, Med Chem Sect, Intramural Res Program, NIH, 333 Cassell Dr, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. EM anewman@intra.nida.nih.gov RI Conn, Peter/D-7848-2012 FU NIDA-IRP; NINDS [F32 NS049865]; National Institutes of Health (NIH); NIDA Addiction Treatment Discovery P [N01DA-1-8816] FX This work was funded by the NIDA-IRP and an NRSA Fellowship F32 NS049865 awarded by NINDS to A.L.R. S.S.K. was supported by a National Institutes of Health (NIH) Visiting Fellowship. In vitro data as indicated in Tables I and 2 were provided by the National Institute of Mental Health's Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, Contract no. NOIMH32004 (NIMH PDSP). The NIMH PDSP is directed by Bryan L. Roth M.D., Ph.D., at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Project Officer Jamie Driscol at NIMH, Bethesda MD. The NIDA Addiction Treatment Discovery Program contract with SRI (N01DA-1-8816) is acknowledged for providing DAT, NET, and SERT data and for further supporting our (A.H.N.) research program. NR 38 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-2623 J9 J MED CHEM JI J. Med. Chem. PD JUN 11 PY 2009 VL 52 IS 11 BP 3563 EP 3575 DI 10.1021/jm900172f PG 13 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 454XX UT WOS:000266718600016 PM 19445453 ER PT J AU Barbosa, FKB Storchi-Bergmann, T Fernandes, RC Winge, C Schmitt, H AF Barbosa, F. K. B. Storchi-Bergmann, T. Fernandes, R. Cid Winge, C. Schmitt, H. TI Gemini/GMOS IFU gas velocity 'tomography' of the narrow line region of nearby active galaxies SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics; galaxies: nuclei; galaxies: Seyfert ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; SEYFERT 2 GALAXIES; INTEGRAL FIELD SPECTROSCOPY; EXTENDED GAS; RADIO JET; NGC 4151; EMISSION-LINE; KINEMATICS; NGC-4151; NUCLEUS AB We present two-dimensional (2D) mapping of the gas velocity field of the inner few hundred parsecs of six nearby active galaxies, using spectra obtained with the integral field unit of the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph instrument at the Gemini North telescope. In our previous paper, we reported the 2D mapping of the stellar kinematics extracted from the calcium triplet absorption lines. In this paper, we use the [S III] lambda 9069 emission line to obtain the flux distribution and kinematics of the gas in the narrow-line region (NLR). The gas emission is extended by a few hundred parsecs and its kinematics are dominated by rotation in the galaxy plane. Subtraction of the rotation component reveals outflows along the NLR which show spatial correlation with radio structures seen in Very Large Array radio 3.6 and 20 cm flux images, suggesting that the radio jet is pushing the circumnuclear interstellar medium. This interpretation is also supported by the observation of high-velocity dispersion (sigma >= 500 km s(-1)) structures in association with the outflowing gas. The gas outflows and radio jets are oriented at random angles relative to the galaxy major axis, indicating that they are not launched perpendicularly to the galaxy plane. Slicing the emission-line profiles into velocity channels, we create maps of the NLR gas distribution at different radial velocities. In at least half of our sample, the highest velocities are observed close to the nucleus suggesting that the emitting gas is decelerating outwards, from projected blueshifts exceeding 400 km s(-1) to values of 100-200 km s(-1) at 100-200 pc from the nucleus. We have estimated mass outflow rates in the NLR of approximate to 1 to 50 x 10(-3) M(circle dot) yr(-1), which are approximate to 10-20 times the accretion rate necessary to feed the active nucleus. The kinetic energy of the ouflow is estimated to be 4-5 orders of magnitude smaller than the bolometric luminosity. Assuming kinetic energy transfer between the radio jet and the NLR outflows, the mass ejection rate in the radio jet is 5-6 orders of magnitude smaller than the mass accretion rate necessary to feed the nuclear supermassive black hole. C1 [Barbosa, F. K. B.; Storchi-Bergmann, T.] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Fis, BR-91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Fernandes, R. Cid] Univ Fed Santa Catarina, CFM, Dept Fis, BR-88040900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. [Winge, C.] Gemini Observ, La Serena, Chile. [Schmitt, H.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Schmitt, H.] Interferometr Inc, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. RP Barbosa, FKB (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Fis, Caixa Postal 15051, BR-91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. EM faustokb@if.ufrgs.br RI 7, INCT/H-6207-2013; Astrofisica, Inct/H-9455-2013; Fernandes, Roberto/M-7334-2014 OI Fernandes, Roberto/0000-0001-9672-0296 FU National Science Foundation (United States); Science and Technology Facilities Council (United Kingdom); National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile); Australian Research Council (Australia); Ministrio da Cincia e Tecnologia (Brazil); SECYT (Argentina); [GN-2002B-Q-15]; [GN-2003A-Q-20]; [GN-2004AQ-1] FX Based on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), the Science and Technology Facilities Council (United Kingdom), the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), the Australian Research Council (Australia), Ministrio da Cincia e Tecnologia (Brazil) and SECYT (Argentina). Observing programmes GN-2002B-Q-15, GN-2003A-Q-20 and GN-2004AQ-1. NR 43 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN 11 PY 2009 VL 396 IS 1 BP 2 EP 18 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14485.x PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 453KT UT WOS:000266610000023 ER PT J AU Degenaar, N Wijnands, R Wolff, MT Ray, PS Wood, KS Homan, J Lewin, WHG Jonker, PG Cackett, EM Miller, JM Brown, EF AF Degenaar, N. Wijnands, R. Wolff, M. T. Ray, P. S. Wood, K. S. Homan, J. Lewin, W. H. G. Jonker, P. G. Cackett, E. M. Miller, J. M. Brown, E. F. TI Chandra and Swift observations of the quasi-persistent neutron star transient EXO 0748-676 back to quiescence SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion discs; binaries: eclipsing; stars: individual: EXO 0748-676; stars: neutron; X-rays: binaries ID X-RAY TRANSIENT; KS-1731-260; EMISSION; MXB-1659-29; CRUST; MASS; BURSTS AB The quasi-persistent neutron star X-ray transient and eclipsing binary EXO 0748-676 recently started the transition to quiescence following an accretion outburst that lasted more than 24 years. We report on two Chandra and 12 Swift observations performed within five months after the end of the outburst. The Chandra spectrum is composed of a soft, thermal component that fits to a neutron star atmosphere model with kT8(infinity) similar to 0.12 keV, joined by a hard power-law tail that contributes similar to 20 per cent of the total 0.5-10 keV unabsorbed flux. The combined Chandra/Swift data set reveals a relatively hot and luminous quiescent system with a temperature of kT8(infinity) similar to 0.11-0.13 keV and a bolometric thermal luminosity of similar to 8.1 x 10(33)-1.6 x 10(34) (d/7.4 kpc)(2) erg s(-1). We discuss our results in the context of cooling neutron star models. C1 [Degenaar, N.; Wijnands, R.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Wolff, M. T.; Ray, P. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Homan, J.; Lewin, W. H. G.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Jonker, P. G.] Netherlands Inst Space Res, SRON, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Jonker, P. G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Cackett, E. M.; Miller, J. M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Brown, E. F.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Degenaar, N (reprint author), Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, Kruislaan 403, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. EM N.D.Degenaar@uva.nl RI Brown, Edward/F-1721-2011; OI Brown, Edward/0000-0003-3806-5339; Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278 FU NASA; United States Office of Naval Research; Chandra [GO8-9045X] FX We are grateful to the referee, Nathalie Webb, for very useful comments. This work was supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO). We acknowledge the use of the Swift public data archive. EMC was supported by NASA through the Chandra Fellowship Program. MTW, PSR and KSW acknowledge the United States Office of Naval Research. JH and WHGL gratefully acknowledge support from Chandra grant GO8-9045X. NR 35 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN 11 PY 2009 VL 396 IS 1 BP L26 EP L30 DI 10.1111/j.1745-3933.2009.00655.x PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 453KT UT WOS:000266610000006 ER PT J AU Kraemer, SB Trippe, ML Crenshaw, DM Melendez, M Schmitt, HR Fischer, TC AF Kraemer, S. B. Trippe, M. L. Crenshaw, D. M. Melendez, M. Schmitt, H. R. Fischer, T. C. TI PHYSICAL CONDITIONS IN THE INNER NARROW-LINE REGION OF THE SEYFERT 2 GALAXY MARKARIAN 573 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: individual (Mrk 573); galaxies: Seyfert ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; PRESSURE-DOMINATED PHOTOIONIZATION; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; RESOLVED SPECTROSCOPY; INTRINSIC ABSORPTION; ULTRAVIOLET-SPECTRA; HOST GALAXIES; EXTENDED GAS; BLACK-HOLE; MU-M AB We have examined the physical conditions within a bright emission-line knot in the inner narrow-line region (NLR) of the Seyfert 2 galaxy Mrk 573 using optical spectra and photoionization models. The spectra were obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope/Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph, through the 0 ''.2 x 52 ''.0 slit, at a position angle of -71 degrees.2, with the G430L and G750M gratings. Comparing the spatial emission-line profiles, we found [Fe x]. 6734 barely resolved, [O III] lambda 5007 centrally peaked, but broader than [Fe X], and [O II] lambda 3727 the most extended. Spectra of the central knot were extracted from a region 1 ''.1 in extent, corresponding to the full width at zero intensity in the cross-dispersion direction, of the knot. The spectra reveal that [Fe X] is broader in velocity width and blueshifted compared with lines from less ionized species. Our estimate of the bolometric luminosity indicates that the active galactic nucleus (AGN) is radiating at or above its Eddington luminosity, which is consistent with its identification as a hidden Narrow-Line Seyfert 1. We were able to successfully match the observed emission-line ratios with a three-component photoionization model. Two components, one to account for the [O III] emission and another in which the [Fe X] arises, are directly ionized by the AGN, while [O II] forms in a third component, which is ionized by a heavily absorbed continuum. Based on our assumed ionizing continuum and the model parameters, we determined that the two directly ionized components are similar to 55 pc from the AGN. We have found similar radial distances for the central knots in the Seyfert 2 galaxies Mrk 3 and NGC 1068, but much smaller radial distances for the inner NLR in the Seyfert 1 galaxies NGC 4151 and NGC 5548. Although in general agreement with the unified model, these results suggest that the obscuring material in Seyfert galaxies extends out to at least tens of parsecs from the AGN. C1 [Kraemer, S. B.] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, Inst Astrophys & Computat Sci, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Kraemer, S. B.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Trippe, M. L.; Crenshaw, D. M.; Fischer, T. C.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Astron Off, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Schmitt, H. R.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Schmitt, H. R.] Interferometrics Inc, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. RP Kraemer, SB (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, Inst Astrophys & Computat Sci, Washington, DC 20064 USA. FU NASA [NAS5-26555]; Office of Naval Research; 6.1 base funding FX This research made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Caltech, under contract with NASA. The observations used in this paper were obtained with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Basic research at the US Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) is supported by the Office of Naval Research. Basic research in astronomy at NRL is supported by 6.1 base funding. We thank Gary Ferland for his continued development and maintenance of CLOUDY. We thank the referee, Hagai Netzer, for helpful and insightful comments. NR 68 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 2009 VL 698 IS 1 BP 106 EP 114 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/698/1/106 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 450AP UT WOS:000266373700007 ER PT J AU Chatterjee, S Brisken, WF Vlemmings, WHT Goss, WM Lazio, TJW Cordes, JM Thorsett, SE Fomalont, EB Lyne, AG Kramer, M AF Chatterjee, S. Brisken, W. F. Vlemmings, W. H. T. Goss, W. M. Lazio, T. J. W. Cordes, J. M. Thorsett, S. E. Fomalont, E. B. Lyne, A. G. Kramer, M. TI PRECISION ASTROMETRY WITH THE VERY LONG BASELINE ARRAY: PARALLAXES AND PROPER MOTIONS FOR 14 PULSARS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astrometry; pulsars: individual (B0031-07, B0136+57, B0450-18, B0450+55, J0538+2817, B0818-13, B1508+55, B1541+09; J1713+0747, B1933+16, B2045-16, B2053+36, B2154+40; B2310+42); stars: distances; stars: kinematics; stars: neutron ID VLBA CALIBRATOR SURVEY; SUPERNOVA REMNANT G5.4-1.2; CELESTIAL REFERENCE FRAME; ISOLATED RADIO PULSARS; RUNAWAY STARS; UPPER LIMIT; MILKY-WAY; PSR J0538+2817; YOUNG PULSARS; NEUTRON-STARS AB Astrometry can bring powerful constraints to bear on a variety of scientific questions about neutron stars, including their origins, astrophysics, evolution, and environments. Using phase-referenced observations at the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA), in conjunction with pulsar gating and in-beam calibration, we have measured the parallaxes and proper motions for 14 pulsars. The smallest measured parallax in our sample is 0.13 +/- 0.02 mas for PSR B1541+09, which has a most probable distance of 7.2(-1.1)(+1.3) kpc. We detail our methods, including initial VLA surveys to select candidates and find in-beam calibrators, VLBA phase-referencing, pulsar gating, calibration, and data reduction. The use of the bootstrap method to estimate astrometric uncertainties in the presence of unmodeled systematic errors is also described. Based on our new model-independent estimates for distance and transverse velocity, we investigate the kinematics and birth sites of the pulsars and revisit models of the Galactic electron density distribution. We find that young pulsars are moving away from the Galactic plane, as expected, and that age estimates from kinematics and pulsar spindown are generally in agreement, with certain notable exceptions. Given its present trajectory, the pulsar B2045-16 was plausibly born in the open cluster NGC 6604. For several high-latitude pulsars, the NE2001 electron density model underestimates the parallax distances by a factor of 2, while in others the estimates agree with or are larger than the parallax distances, suggesting that the interstellar medium is irregular on relevant length scales. The VLBA astrometric results for the recycled pulsar J1713+0747 are consistent with two independent estimates from pulse timing, enabling a consistency check between the different reference frames. C1 [Chatterjee, S.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney Inst Astron, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Brisken, W. F.; Goss, W. M.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Vlemmings, W. H. T.] Univ Bonn, Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Lazio, T. J. W.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Chatterjee, S.; Cordes, J. M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Thorsett, S. E.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Fomalont, E. B.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Lyne, A. G.; Kramer, M.] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Kramer, M.] MPI Radioastron, Bonn, Germany. RP Chatterjee, S (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM s.chatterjee@physics.usyd.edu.au OI Thorsett, Stephen/0000-0002-2025-9613; /0000-0002-2700-9916 FU University of Sydney Postdoctoral Fellowship; 6.1 Base; NSF [AST 0506453] FX We acknowledge the Very Long Baseline Array operations team for their efforts in scheduling and supporting our large VLBA astrometry program. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) is a facility of the National Science Foundation (NSF) operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. S. C. thanks David Kaplan for useful discussions about astrometric errors, and Bryan Gaensler for useful discussions about electron density models. We also thank the anonymous referee for carefully reading the manuscript and providing valuable feedback, and Adam Deller for drawing our attention to a transcription error in the manuscript. S. C. acknowledges support from the University of Sydney Postdoctoral Fellowship program, and he was a Jansky Fellow of NRAO at the time this large project was initiated. Basic research in radio astronomy at NRL is supported by 6.1 Base funding. SET acknowledges support from NSF (grant AST 0506453). This research has made use of the WEBDA database, operated at the Institute for Astronomy of the University of Vienna. The Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper is funded by NSF. NR 74 TC 67 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 2009 VL 698 IS 1 BP 250 EP 265 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/698/1/250 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 450AP UT WOS:000266373700019 ER PT J AU Crenshaw, DM Kraemer, SB Schmitt, HR Kaastra, JS Arav, N Gabel, JR Korista, KT AF Crenshaw, D. M. Kraemer, S. B. Schmitt, H. R. Kaastra, J. S. Arav, N. Gabel, J. R. Korista, K. T. TI MASS OUTFLOW IN THE SEYFERT 1 GALAXY NGC 5548 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: individual (NGC 5548); galaxies: Seyfert ID NARROW-LINE REGION; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; ULTRAVIOLET-SPECTROSCOPIC-EXPLORER; INTRINSIC ABSORPTION-LINES; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; X-RAY; PHYSICAL CONDITIONS; IMAGING SPECTROGRAPH; WARM ABSORBERS; COLUMN DENSITY AB We present a study of the intrinsic UV absorption and emission lines in an historically low-state spectrum of the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 5548, which we obtained in 2004 February at high spatial and spectral resolution with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope. We isolate a component of emission with a width of 680 km s(-1) that arises from an "intermediate-line region" (ILR), similar to that we discovered in NGC 4151, at a distance of similar to 1 pc from the central continuum source. From a detailed analysis of the five intrinsic absorption components in NGC 5548 and their behavior over a span of eight years, we present evidence that most of the UV absorbers only partially cover the ILR and do not cover an extended region of UV continuum emission, most likely from hot stars in the circumnuclear region. We also find that four of the UV absorbers are at much greater distances (greater than 70 pc) than the ILR, and none have sufficient N V or C IV column densities to be the ILR in absorption. At least a portion of the UV absorption component 3, at a radial velocity of -530 km s(-1), is likely responsible for most of the X-ray absorption, at a distance less than 7 pc from the central source. The fact that we see the ILR in absorption in NGC 4151 and not in NGC 5548 suggests that the ILR is located at a relatively large polar angle (similar to 45 degrees) with respect to the narrow-line region outflow axis. C1 [Crenshaw, D. M.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Astron Off, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Kraemer, S. B.] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, Inst Astrophys & Computat Sci, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Schmitt, H. R.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Schmitt, H. R.] Interferometrics Inc, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. [Kaastra, J. S.] SRON, Netherlands Inst Space Res, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Kaastra, J. S.] Univ Utrecht, Sterrekundig Inst, NL-3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Arav, N.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Gabel, J. R.] Creighton Univ, Dept Phys, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Korista, K. T.] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. RP Crenshaw, DM (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Astron Off, 1 Pk Pl S SE,Suite 700, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM crenshaw@chara.gsu.edu FU NASA [NAS 5-26555]; NWO, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research FX Support for program 9511 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. Some of the data presented in this paper were obtained from the Multimission Archive at the Space Telescope Science Institute (MAST). SRON is supported financially by NWO, the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research. NR 46 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 2009 VL 698 IS 1 BP 281 EP 292 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/698/1/281 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 450AP UT WOS:000266373700022 ER EF