FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT B
AU Hara, H
Watanabe, T
Bone, LA
Culhane, JL
van Driel-Gesztelyi, L
Young, PR
AF Hara, H.
Watanabe, T.
Bone, L. A.
Culhane, J. L.
van Driel-Gesztelyi, L.
Young, P. R.
BE Lites, B
Cheung, M
Magara, T
Mariska, J
Reeves, K
TI Characteristics of the Nonthermal Velocity Signature Observed in the
Impulsive Phase of the 2007 May 19 Flare
SO SECOND HINODE SCIENCE MEETING: BEYOND DISCOVERY-TOWARD UNDERSTANDING
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd Hinode Science Meeting
CY SEP 29-OCT 03, 2008
CL Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Ctr Green Campus, Boulder, CO
HO Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Ctr Green Campus
ID X-RAY-SPECTRA; SOLAR-FLARES
AB The Hinode EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) observed a long duration flare with a weak impulsive phase that appears to conform to the standard two-ribbon flare reconnection model. EIS scanned the flare site during the impulsive phase and observed Fe XXIII and Fe XXIV line emission that closely followed the flare hard X-ray emission while the line profiles showed significant non-thermal broadening. We suggest that a shock originating at the reconnection site which sweeps up and heats the coronal plasma can account for our observations.
C1 [Hara, H.; Watanabe, T.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Tokyo, Japan.
[Bone, L. A.; Culhane, J. L.; van Driel-Gesztelyi, L.] UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, London WC1E 6BT, England.
[Young, P. R.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA.
RP Hara, H (reprint author), Natl Astron Observ Japan, Tokyo, Japan.
EM hirohisa.hara@nao.ac.jp; watanabe@uvlab.mtk.nao.ac.jp;
lab@mssl.ucl.ac.uk; jlc@mssl.ucl.ac.uk; pry.home@gmail.com
NR 7
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-710-0
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2009
VL 415
BP 459
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BQL19
UT WOS:000281239000090
ER
PT S
AU Canright, D
Osvik, DA
AF Canright, David
Osvik, Dag Arne
BE Jacobson Jr, MJ
Rijmen, V
SafaviNaini, R
TI A More Compact AES
SO SELECTED AREAS IN CRYPTOGRAPHY
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Annual International Workshop on Selected Areas Cryptography
CY AUG 13-14, 2009
CL Univ Calgary, Calgary, CANADA
SP Int Assoc Cryptol Res
HO Univ Calgary
DE AES; tower field; composite Galois field; bitslice
ID IMPLEMENTATION
AB We explore ways to reduce the number of bit operations required to implement AES. One way involves optimizing the composite field approach for entire rounds of AES. Another way is integrating the Galois multiplications of Mix Columns with the linear transformations of the S-box. Combined with careful optimizations, these reduce the number of bit operations to encrypt one block by 9.0%, compared to earlier work that used the composite field only in the S-box. For decryption, the improvement is 13.5%. This work may be useful both as a starting point for a bit-sliced software implementation: where reducing operations increases speed, and also for hardware with limited resources.
C1 [Canright, David] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Osvik, Dag Arne] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, CH-1007 Lausanne, Switzerland.
RP Canright, D (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM dcanright@nps.edu; dagarne.osvik@epfl.ch
NR 18
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-05443-3
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2009
VL 5867
BP 157
EP +
PG 3
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BPD61
UT WOS:000278583100010
ER
PT S
AU Campillo, AJ
AF Campillo, Anthony J.
BE Boyd, RW
Lukishova, SG
Shen, YR
TI Small-Scale Self-focusing
SO SELF-FOCUSING: PAST AND PRESENT: FUNDAMENTALS AND PROSPECTS
SE Topics in Applied Physics
LA English
DT Review
CT International Quantum Electronics Conference 2005
CY JUL, 2005
CL Tokyo, JAPAN
ID STIMULATED 4-PHOTON INTERACTION; DIODE-LASER AMPLIFIERS; FILAMENT
FORMATION; MULTIPLE FILAMENTATION; COLLAPSE DYNAMICS; LIGHT FILAMENTS;
OPTICAL BEAMS; MEDIA; PROPAGATION; SYSTEMS
AB At high enough power, a beam propagating in a positive n(2) material will spontaneously break up into multiple Filaments as a result of a transverse modulational instability. This chapter briefly surveys the essential physics, presents a linearized theory and summarizes experimental examples illustrating the dependence between optimal spatial frequency, gain coefficient, self-focusing length, beam intensity, and beam shape. A number of applications are discussed as well as the impact of this field on other scientific disciplines.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Campillo, AJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM campillo@nrl.navy.mil
NR 75
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
SN 0303-4216
BN 978-0-387-32147-9
J9 TOP APPL PHYS
JI Top. Appl. Phys.
PY 2009
VL 114
BP 157
EP 173
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-34727-1_6
PG 17
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BIS68
UT WOS:000262468700008
ER
PT J
AU Goldman, ER
Liu, JL
Bernstein, RD
Swain, MD
Mitchell, SQ
Anderson, GP
AF Goldman, Ellen R.
Liu, Jinny L.
Bernstein, Rachael D.
Swain, Marla D.
Mitchell, Stanley Q.
Anderson, George P.
TI Ricin Detection Using Phage Displayed Single Domain Antibodies
SO SENSORS
LA English
DT Article
DE Ricin; single domain antibody; phage; Luminex; phage display
ID HEAVY-CHAIN ANTIBODIES; BIOSENSOR; FRAGMENTS; SELECTION; EXPRESSION;
LIBRARY; IDENTIFICATION; IMMUNOASSAY; PROTEINS; REAGENTS
AB Phage-displayed single domain antibodies (sdAb) were compared to monomeric solubly expressed sdAb and llama polyclonal antibodies for the detection of ricin. SdAb are comprised of the variable domain derived from camelid heavy chain only antibodies (HcAb). Although HcAb lack variable light chains, they as well as their derivative sdAb are able to bind antigens with high affinity. The small size of sdAb (similar to 16 kDa), while advantageous in many respects, limits the number of labels that can be incorporated. The ability to incorporate multiple labels is a beneficial attribute for reporter elements. Opportunely, sdAb are often selected using phage display methodology. Using sdAb displayed on bacteriophage M13 as the reporter element gives the potential for incorporating a very high number of labels. We have demonstrated the use of both sdAb and phage-displayed sdAb for the detection of ricin using both enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and Luminex fluid array assays. The phage-displayed sdAb led to five to ten fold better detection of ricin in both the ELISA and Luminex assays, resulting in limits of detection of 1 ng/mL and 64 pg/mL respectively. The phage-displayed sdAb were also dramatically more effective for the visualization of binding to target in nitrocellulose dot blot assays, a method frequently used for epitope mapping.
C1 [Goldman, Ellen R.; Liu, Jinny L.; Swain, Marla D.; Anderson, George P.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Bernstein, Rachael D.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA.
[Mitchell, Stanley Q.] Clark Atlanta Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA.
RP Anderson, GP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM george.anderson@nrl.navy.mil
RI Anderson, George/D-2461-2011
OI Anderson, George/0000-0001-7545-9893
FU National Science Foundation; Joint Science and Technology Office
FX SQM was supported by the National Science Foundation through the NRL
summer research program for HBCU/MI/TCU undergraduates. This research
was supported by Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and
Biological Defense/Defense Threat Reduction Agency. The opinions
expressed here are those of the authors and do not represent those of
the US Navy, the US Department of Defense, or the US government.
NR 40
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 6
PU MOLECULAR DIVERSITY PRESERVATION INTERNATIONAL-MDPI
PI BASEL
PA KANDERERSTRASSE 25, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1424-8220
J9 SENSORS-BASEL
JI Sensors
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 9
IS 1
BP 542
EP 555
DI 10.3390/s90100542
PG 14
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 399IL
UT WOS:000262793500032
PM 22389616
ER
PT J
AU Charles, PT
Stubbs, VR
Soto, CM
Martin, BD
White, BJ
Taitt, CR
AF Charles, Paul T.
Stubbs, Veronte R.
Soto, Carissa M.
Martin, Brett D.
White, Brandy J.
Taitt, Chris R.
TI Reduction of Non-Specific Protein Adsorption Using Poly(ethylene) Glycol
(PEG) Modified Polyacrylate Hydrogels In Immunoassays for Staphylococcal
Enterotoxin B Detection
SO SENSORS
LA English
DT Article
DE Polyethylene glycol; hydrogel; toxin; antibody; immunoassay
ID ARRAY BIOSENSOR; MICROCHIPS; MICROARRAYS; IMMOBILIZATION; FABRICATION;
BACTERIAL; BINDING; FORMAT; DNA
AB Three PEG molecules (PEG-methacrylate, -diacrylate and -dimethacrylate) were incorporated into galactose-based polyacrylate hydrogels and their relative abilities to reduce non-specific protein adsorption in immunoassays were determined. Highly crosslinked hydrogels containing amine-terminated functionalities were formed and used to covalently attach antibodies specific for staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). Patterned arrays of immobilized antibodies in the PEG-modified hydrogels were created with a PDMS template containing micro-channels for use in sandwich immunoassays to detect SEB. Different concentrations of the toxin were applied to the hydrogel arrays, followed with a Cy3-labeled tracer antibody specific for the two toxins. Fluorescence laser scanning confocal microscopy of the tracer molecules provided both qualitative and quantitative measurements on the detection sensitivity and the reduction in non-specific binding as a result of PEG incorporation. Results showed the PEG-modified hydrogel significantly reduced non-specific protein binding with a detection limit for SEB of 1 ng/mL. Fluorescence signals showed a 10-fold decrease in the non-specific binding and a 6-fold increase in specific binding of SEB.
C1 [Charles, Paul T.; Stubbs, Veronte R.; Soto, Carissa M.; Martin, Brett D.; White, Brandy J.; Taitt, Chris R.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Charles, PT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6920,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM paul.charles@nrl.navy.mil
RI Johnson, Brandy/B-3462-2008
OI Johnson, Brandy/0000-0002-3637-0631
FU Office of Naval Research [69-6008]
FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research (NRL 6.2 WU#
69-6008). The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not
represent those of the US Navy, the US Department of Defense, or the US
government.
NR 31
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 2
U2 30
PU MOLECULAR DIVERSITY PRESERVATION INTERNATIONAL-MDPI
PI BASEL
PA KANDERERSTRASSE 25, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1424-8220
J9 SENSORS-BASEL
JI Sensors
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 9
IS 1
BP 645
EP 655
DI 10.3390/s90100645
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 399IL
UT WOS:000262793500038
PM 22389622
ER
PT S
AU Pack, EG
Choe, JY
Bernhardt, PA
AF Pack, Eung-Gi
Choe, Joon Y.
Bernhardt, Paul A.
BE Carapezza, EM
TI High resolution over-the-horizon radars using time-reversal
SO SENSORS, AND COMMAND, CONTROL, COMMUNICATIONS, AND INTELLIGENCE (C3I)
TECHNOLOGIES FOR HOMELAND SECURITY AND HOMELAND DEFENSE VIII
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Sensors, and Command, Control, Communications, and
Intelligence (C3I) Technologies for Homeland Security and Homeland
Defense VIII
CY APR 15-17, 2009
CL Orlando, FL
SP SPIE
DE Time-reversal; over-the-horizon radars; imaging radar
ID MEDIA
AB A method of high resolution over-the-horizon radars (OTHRs) using time-reversal is described. The method uses time-reversal in the multipath-enriched ionospheric environment in order to achieve the extended virtual aperture. Also, the double-pass conjugate image scanning scheme allows imaging of non-cooperative targets without requiring apriori knowledge of environmental conditions. Initial theoretical and experimental results are provided.
C1 [Pack, Eung-Gi; Choe, Joon Y.; Bernhardt, Paul A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Pack, EG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM paek@nrl.navy.mil
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-7571-8
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2009
VL 7305
AR 73051A
DI 10.1117/12.819310
PG 8
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BVR65
UT WOS:000292552700031
ER
PT J
AU Kwon, YW
Gordis, JH
AF Kwon, Young W.
Gordis, Joshua H.
TI Frequency domain structural synthesis applied to quasi-static crack
growth modeling
SO SHOCK AND VIBRATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Structural synthesis; substructure; finite element; crack growth;
composite
AB Quasi-static crack growth in a composite beam was modeled using the structural synthesis technique along with a finite element model. The considered crack was an interface crack in the shear mode (i.e. mode II), which occurs frequently in the scarf joint of composite structures. The analysis model was a composite beam with an edge crack at the midplane of the beam subjected to a three-point bending load. In the finite element model, beam finite elements with translational degrees of freedom only were used to model the crack conveniently. Then, frequency domain structural synthesis (substructure coupling) was applied to reduce the computational time associated with a repeated finite element calculation with crack growth. The quasi-static interface crack growth in a composite beam was predicted using the developed computational technique, and its result was compared to experimental data. The computational and experimental results agree well. In addition, the substructure-based synthesis technique showed the significantly improved computational efficiency when compared to the conventional full analysis.
C1 [Kwon, Young W.; Gordis, Joshua H.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Kwon, YW (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM ywkwon@nps.edu
NR 9
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU IOS PRESS
PI AMSTERDAM
PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1070-9622
J9 SHOCK VIB
JI Shock Vib.
PY 2009
VL 16
IS 6
BP 637
EP 646
DI 10.3233/SAV-2009-0497
PG 10
WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics
GA 533AI
UT WOS:000272793600008
ER
PT S
AU Richmond, CT
AF Richmond, Clinton T.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI MODELING THE BURNING RATE ENHANCEMENT OF A PROPELLANT CONTAINING
ULTRAFINE PARTICLES
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE Burning rate; propellants; combustion; reactive metals; ultrafine
particles
ID ALUMINUM
AB Burning laws for ultrafine particles have been used in previous work to develop models for the burning of single and agglomerated particles. These ultrafine particles are usually reactive metal particles. In a rocket propellant, aluminum particles are often added to other energetic materials to enhance the burning rate and increase the energy released. In this effort, the laws describing the burning of metal particles and those describing the burning of energetic materials will both be coupled into a model for deriving the surface regression rate of the burning rocket propellant. Also from this model, an enhancement factor will be derived for the increase in the burning rate of a propellant when the size of the metal particles is decreased. Examples are shown that illustrate how this concept conforms to experimental results.
C1 USN, Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
RP Richmond, CT (reprint author), USN, Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 65
EP 68
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100013
ER
PT S
AU McGrath, TP
AF McGrath, Thomas P., II
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI EFFECT OF VOLUME FRACTION EVOLUTION ON THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR
COMPRESSIBLE MULTIPHASE FLOWS
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE Multiphase; Compressible
ID TO-DETONATION TRANSITION; GRANULAR-MATERIALS
AB A major challenge in compressible multiphase flow modeling is describing the evolution of volume of each constituent in the flow. While many existing models adopt the dynamic compaction equation proposed by Baer & Nunziato, this equation is non-unique and its physical accuracy is unclear. In this work, an extended version of the dynamic compaction equation is investigated in the context of a two-phase flow consisting of one continuous and one dispersed (particulate) phase. The extended version includes an additional term based on the divergence of the dispersed phase. The governing equations are presented, and a characteristic analysis is performed. Results indicate that the form of the volume fraction equation has a significant impact on the mathematical characteristics of the governing equations.
C1 USN, Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
RP McGrath, TP (reprint author), USN, Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Div, 4103 Fowler Rd,Suite 107, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 95
EP 98
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100020
ER
PT S
AU Carney, JR
Lightstone, JM
McGrath, TP
AF Carney, Joel R.
Lightstone, James M.
McGrath, Thomas P., II
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF MULTIPHASE EXPLOSIONS
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE Spectroscopy; detonation; combustion; aluminum
AB The addition of solid fuel particles to explosive formulations generally reduces the detonation velocity, but can enhance the blast performance if prompt combustion of the particles occurs in the detonation products and surrounding air early enough to support the shock. The degree to which fuel particles burn heavily depends on their dispersal throughout the explosion field and access to oxidizers. To distinguish the factors affecting the dispersal of fuel particles from those controlling their combustion, we began by analyzing the dispersal of equivalent mock inert particles. Solid glass spheres embedded in detonating small explosive charges were tracked using high-speed digital shadowgraphy. Two different particle sizes, 3 and 30 mu m, and different mass fractions in the explosive compositions were considered. Shadowgraphs and pressure measurements were compared to the predictions of a newly developed multiphase numerical model. Reactive aluminum particles in the range of 1 to 120 mu m in diameter were also analyzed. During the first 50 mu s of the expansion, the general trend for both reactive and inert particles is for the smaller particles to expand near or beyond the leading shock wave to a greater extent than the larger particles. Expansion beyond the initial shock from the detonation is presumed to occur when particles agglomerate. The results are consistent with the predictions of the numerical models, highlighting the role of simple factors such as particle size and density in the early time expansion and mixing of fuels for enhanced blast applications.
C1 [Carney, Joel R.; Lightstone, James M.; McGrath, Thomas P., II] USN, Indian Head Div, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
RP Carney, JR (reprint author), USN, Indian Head Div, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 185
EP 188
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100042
ER
PT S
AU Felts, JE
Sandusky, HW
Granholm, RH
AF Felts, J. E.
Sandusky, H. W.
Granholm, R. H.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI DEVELOPMENT OF THE SMALL-SCALE SHOCK SENSITIVITY TEST (SSST)
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE Shock sensitivity; gap test; RDX; small-scale
AB A small-scale test to measure shock sensitivity with less than a half gram of sample per test and six tests at most was developed. The goal is to screen new energetic compositions before the need for costly scale-up. The concept merged aspects of the Small-Scale Shock Reactivity Test (SSRT) developed at IHDIV, NSWC with those of standard gap tests. The SSRT measures the shock reactivity (explosiveness) of potentially energetic materials, often well-below critical diameter, without requiring a transition to detonation. Gap tests are used to gage shock sensitivity of explosives, but require a sample size large enough for steady detonation. The new test arrangement combined the shock-attenuating gap before the sample and the air gap after the sample found in gap tests with the small sample size and high confinement of the SSRT. The results for a plastic-bonded explosive formulated with either a regular or insensitive RDX confirmed the difference in sensitivities observed in traditional gap tests. Also, the results gave further confirmation to a two-part reaction mechanism for the insensitive RDX formulation.
C1 [Felts, J. E.; Sandusky, H. W.; Granholm, R. H.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
RP Felts, JE (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
NR 5
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 233
EP 236
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100054
ER
PT S
AU Sandusky, HW
Felts, JE
Granholm, RH
AF Sandusky, H. W.
Felts, J. E.
Granholm, R. H.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI SHOCK REACTION OF TWO DIFFERENT RDX FILLS IN PBXN-109
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE gap tests; shock-to-detonation transition; low-velocity detonation
AB Shock reactivity and sensitivity in PBXN-109 with two types of Class 1 RDX from Dyno Nobel, one with reduced sensitivity (RS) and the other a Type II, were studied in various gap tests. These included the large scale gap test (LSGT), the expanded large scale gap test (ELSGT), and a version of the ELSGT referred to as the IMAD gap test in which the acceptor is shortened to 102 mm and the witness plate is replaced with a block. Dent depth measurements in the IMAD gap test were related to reaction failure, low-velocity detonation, and shock-to-detonation transition in the ELSGT. Sensitivity differences between the fills with RS-RDX and Type IT RDX persisted in the smaller LSGT and in a much smaller test with just 7.2-mm diameter samples from the same mixes, as described in another paper at this meeting. Also, the two fills had different shock reaction mechanisms. It is postulated that a small portion of the RS-RDX reacts at nearly the same threshold for shock reaction as the Type 11 RDX, but twice that shock pressure is required for reaction of remaining RS-RDX.
C1 [Sandusky, H. W.; Felts, J. E.; Granholm, R. H.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
RP Sandusky, HW (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 237
EP 240
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100055
ER
PT S
AU Lee, RJ
Forbes, JW
Tasker, DG
Orme, RS
AF Lee, R. J.
Forbes, J. W.
Tasker, D. G.
Orme, R. S.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI CHANGES IN BLOW-OFF VELOCITY OBSERVED IN TWO EXPLOSIVES AT THE THRESHOLD
FOR SUSTAINED IGNITION USING THE MODIFIED GAP TEST
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE modified gap test; shock sensitivity; sub-detonative reactions; blow-off
velocity
AB The Modified Gap Test was used to quantify different levels of partial reaction for various input stresses. This test configuration has been historically useful in highlighting thresholds for first reaction, sustained ignition, and detonation. Two different HMX based compositions were studied; a cast-cured composition with 87% HMX and a pressed composition with 92% HMX. Each explosive was prepared from large industrially produced batches consisting of different unreactive polymeric binder systems. Short samples (50.8 mm in diameter and 12.7 mm thick) were shock loaded using the standard large-scale gap test donor system. Product-cloud blow-off velocities at the opposite end of the sample were measured using a high-speed digital-camera. Velocity versus input pressure plots provided changes in reactivity that had developed by the 12.7 mm run distance. Results appear consistent for the lower input stresses. In contrast, the results varied widely in a range of input stresses around the transition to detonation in both explosives. These results indicate that both explosives are subject to large variation in blow-off velocity in a range of input stresses near the threshold for prompt detonation. This is explained by localized variations of HMX particle size and density in industrially prepared samples.
C1 [Lee, R. J.; Orme, R. S.] USN 1, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
[Forbes, J. W.] Energet Technol Ctr, La Plata, MD USA.
[Tasker, D. G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Lee, RJ (reprint author), USN 1, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
FU DTRA
FX The Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) provided partial funding for
this work under William Wilson's Advanced Energetics Program. The
Authors would like to thank Robert Hay for his technical assistance at
NSWC, Indian Head and Dennis Herrera, David Torres, John Echave, Steven
Hare, Matthew Briggs, and Michael Shinas for their assistance at Los
Alamos
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 279
EP +
PG 2
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100065
ER
PT S
AU Lightstone, JM
Brodt, MW
Carney, JR
AF Lightstone, J. M.
Brodt, M. W.
Carney, J. R.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI LASER-IGNITION OF LASER-SHOCK DISPERSED METAL PARTICLES
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE particles; laser-ignition; emission; spectroscopy; shock
AB Understanding the post-detonation ignition and combustion of metal particles loaded in an explosive under the extreme conditions encountered in open-air or internal blast applications is important for maximizing the energy output. Of particular interest is the effect of particle velocity on ignition and sustained combustion. Published laboratory experiments are typically limited to velocities in the range of 0.5 to 10 m/s. These are significantly lower than velocities achieved in detonating explosives which can reach 500 m/s to 1 km/s. The work presented in this paper describes a new technique to examine the ignition and combustion properties of particles travelling at high velocity in an oxidizing atmosphere. The technique utilizes two short (10 ns) IR laser pulses. The first launches the particles at velocities reaching 250 m/s as determined by high-speed digital shadowgraphy. The second, fired after a delay period, heats a section of the resulting particle cloud to ignition. Ignition and combustion are monitored using photodiodes, pyrometry, and time-resolved spectroscopy. The ignition delay for 1 to 15 mu m Al particles is found to increase as particle diameter increases and particles larger than 33 mu m do not ignite under the current conditions. However, 9 mu m Ni coated Al particles were found to ignite more quickly and with lower laser fluence as compared to pure Al particles of similar size. Wavelength dependent laser absorption efficiency effects are discussed as a potential reason for these differences.
C1 [Lightstone, J. M.; Carney, J. R.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
[Brodt, M. W.] Univ Virginia, Dept Chem Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
RP Lightstone, JM (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
FU CORE program at IHDIV; NSWC; ONR NREIP
FX The authors would like to thank the CORE program at IHDIV, NSWC for
partial funding for this research. The authors also thank Dr. Ken Kuo
for providing the Ni coated Al particles. M.W.B acknowledges the ONR
NREIP program for summer support.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 297
EP +
PG 2
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100069
ER
PT S
AU Granholm, RH
Sandusky, HW
AF Granholm, R. H.
Sandusky, H. W.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI MIXING EFFECT IN INTERNAL BLAST
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE internal blast; gas mixing; temperature; quasi-static pressure
AB Detonation product gases are usually assumed to be completely mixed with an existing atmosphere by the time a peak quasi-static pressure (Pqs) is reached within an enclosed internal blast environment. With incomplete mixing, however, comes a loss in pressure from unburned fuel as well as a previously unrecognized source of error: heat capacity of the gas increases substantially with temperature, providing an energy sink in regions of unmixed hot gas.
Our objective was to look at the extent of mixing by measuring gas temperature at several locations within a blast chamber at the time of peak Pqs. We recorded ranges of up to 400 C depending on charge location within the chamber, which is presumed to affect turbulence and mixing. Losses in peak Pqs of up to 13% may be attributed to this mixing effect for 1-kg Pentolite charges in a 62-m(3) chamber in the simple geometries tested.
A reasonably accurate Pqs may be extracted from blast wave reverberations in a chamber, allowing a closer look at effects such as gas mixing and consistency among multiple gages. These results point to an explanation for missing energy and a better understanding of heat flow in internal blast.
C1 [Granholm, R. H.; Sandusky, H. W.] NSWC, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
RP Granholm, RH (reprint author), NSWC, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 327
EP 330
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100076
ER
PT S
AU Tasker, DG
Whitley, VH
Lee, RJ
AF Tasker, D. G.
Whitley, V. H.
Lee, R. J.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD EFFECTS IN EXPLOSIVES
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE SDT; electric field; magnetic field; plasma; explosives; EMV; PDV
ID DETONATION-GENERATED PLASMAS; COHESION
AB Present and previous research on the effects of electromagnetic fields on the initiation and detonation of explosives and the electromagnetic properties of explosives are reviewed. Among the topics related to detonating explosives are: enhancement of performance; and control of initiation and growth of reaction. Two series of experiments were performed to determine the effects of 1-T magnetic fields on explosive initiation and growth in the modified gap test and on the propagation of explosively generated plasma into air. The results have implications for the control of reactions in explosives and for the use of electromagnetic particle velocity gauges.
C1 [Tasker, D. G.; Whitley, V. H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS J566, MS J566, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Lee, R. J.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Div, Los Alamos 20640, MD USA.
RP Tasker, DG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS J566, MS J566, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA); Los Alamos National Laboratory
[LA-UR 09-03079]
FX This work was funded in part by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency
(DTRA) for which the authors are grateful. They also acknowledge many
helpful discussions and experimental assistance from Dr. Chris Boswell,
NSWC Indian Head; and thank Dennis Herrera, David Torres, John Echave,
Steven Hare, Matthew Briggs, and Michael Shinas, all of the Los Alamos
National Laboratory, for their experimental assistance. LA-UR 09-03079.
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 335
EP +
PG 2
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100078
ER
PT S
AU Sutherland, GT
AF Sutherland, G. T.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI MODELING OF LARGE SCALE AND EXPANDED LARGE SCALE GAP TESTS USING THE CTH
HYDROCODE
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE Large Scale Gap Test; Expanded Large Scale Gap Test; PMMA
AB CTH calculations for the shock and particle velocities in the PMMA gap of large scale (LSGT) and expanded large scale (ELSGT) gap tests were performed to determine which PMMA and Pentolite material models available in CTH best replicate measured calibration data. This effort was in support of simulations for the reactive response of the test explosive. The best match to the LSGT calibration was with a Mie-Gruneisen EOS and a geological strength model. However, the simulation results were not within experimental error for gaps over 50 mm. For the ELSGT, all models predicted larger than observed shock velocities at times greater than 10 mu s. Further work is suggested to enable better predictions and to determine why the LSGT and ELSGT do not dimensionally scale. This work includes additional gap test calibration experiments and PMMA model development.
C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Res & Technol Dept, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
RP Sutherland, GT (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Res & Technol Dept, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 369
EP 372
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100086
ER
PT S
AU Boswell, CJ
O'Connor, PD
AF Boswell, Christopher J.
O'Connor, Patrick D.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI CHARGED PARTICLE MOTION IN AN EXPLOSIVELY GENERATED IONIZING SHOCK
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE ionizing shock wave; charged particles; explosive
ID PLASMAS; WAVES
AB Different aspects of the plasma generated in a gas contained in a tube due to detonation of a small explosive charge located at one end of the tube are presented. The motion of the charged particles within the plasma is monitored using Rogowski coils. Using time-resolved emission spectroscopy the temperature and species in the detonation products and compressed gas behind the shock wave are recorded. From the spectral lines of the emission profiles the temperatures and electron density were evaluated to be in the vicinity of 7,000 K and 5 x 10(22) m(-3). An ultra fast wave traveling down the guide tube ahead of the hydrodynamic shock and causing any charged particles there to move fast enough to be detected by the Rogowski coils was recorded. From the measurements the phase velocity of the wave was calculated at 525 km/s when krypton filled the tube, and 1300 km/s in the case of argon. The temperature and density measurements are consistent with the data reported in the literature for similar tests. The electrostatic pulse measurements are a new phenomena not previously observed.
C1 [Boswell, Christopher J.; O'Connor, Patrick D.] NSWC, IHDIV, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
RP Boswell, CJ (reprint author), NSWC, IHDIV, 4104 Evans Way,Suite 102, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 400
EP 403
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100094
ER
PT S
AU Lin, Y
Budzevich, MM
Landerville, AC
Oleynik, II
White, CT
AF Lin, Y.
Budzevich, M. M.
Landerville, A. C.
Oleynik, I. I.
White, C. T.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF A NEW ENERGETIC MATERIAL SI-PETN
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE equations of state; density functional theory; high-pressure effects;
explosions
ID AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; PENTAERYTHRITOL TETRANITRATE; CRYSTAL; VAN
AB A new energetic material Si-PETN, having a structure similar to that of PETN, has recently been synthesized (T.M. Klapotke et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129, 6908 (2007)) and shown to exhibit extreme instability that has precluded investigation of its physical and chemical properties by experiment. Although its high instability prohibits its use in munitions, Si-PETN could provide valuable information about the nature of sensitivity in energetic materials. Because the properties for Si-PETN are currently unknown, first-principles van-der-Waals density functional theory was used to obtain the equation of state under hydrostatic compression and mechanical properties under uniaxial compressions. These properties were then compared to those of PETN.
C1 [Lin, Y.; Landerville, A. C.; Oleynik, I. I.] Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[White, C. T.] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Lin, Y (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
RI Oleynik, Ivan/R-5004-2016
OI Oleynik, Ivan/0000-0002-5348-6484
FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory
(NRL); Army Research Office (ARO) through the Multi- University Research
Initiative on Insensitive Munitions; ONR both directly and through NRL;
NSF; Materials Simulation Laboratory at USE; ARO DURIP
[W911NF-07-l-0212]
FX The work performed at USE was supported by the Office of Naval Research
(ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and partly by the Army
Research Office (ARO) through the Multi- University Research Initiative
on Insensitive Munitions. The work at NRL was supported by ONR both
directly and through NRL. Calculations were performed using NSF TeraGrid
facilities, and computational facilities of Materials Simulation
Laboratory at USE funded by ARO DURIP (grant NoW911NF-07-l-0212).
NR 20
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 474
EP +
PG 2
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100112
ER
PT S
AU Conroy, MW
Landerville, AC
Oleynik, II
White, CT
AF Conroy, M. W.
Landerville, A. C.
Oleynik, I. I.
White, C. T.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI FIRST-PRINCIPLES STUDIES OF HYDROSTATIC AND UNIAXIAL COMPRESSION OF A
NEW ENERGETIC MATERIAL-AN ENERGETIC NITRATE ESTER
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE energetic materials; equations of state; density functional theory;
high-pressure effects
ID HMX
AB Density functional theory (DFT) calculations with an empirical van der Waals (vdW) correction were performed on a new energetic material (EM), a nitrate ester that was recently synthesized by Chavez et al. [Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 47, 8307 (2008)]. This EM was shown to have physical properties superior to another nitrate ester, PETN. The equilibrium structure was calculated by vdW-DFT in excellent agreement with experiment (to within about 0.6% of the equilibrium volume of the unit cell). From the hydrostatic-compression simulation, the isothermal equation of state and bulk modulus was predicted prior to any known experimental results. In addition, uniaxial compressions were simulated in the < 100 >, < 010 >, < 001 >, < 110 >, < 101 >, < 011 >, and < 111 > directions to examine the anisotropic quality of the constitutive relationships. The calculated physical properties of the nitrate ester at extreme conditions are compared with other important EMs.
C1 [Conroy, M. W.; Landerville, A. C.; Oleynik, I. I.] Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[White, C. T.] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Conroy, MW (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
RI Oleynik, Ivan/R-5004-2016
OI Oleynik, Ivan/0000-0002-5348-6484
FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory
(NRL); Army Research Office (ARO) through the Multi- University Research
Initiative on Insensitive Munitions; ONR both directly and through NRL;
ARO DURIP [W911NF-07-1-0212]
FX The work performed at USF was supported by the Office of Naval Research
(ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and partly by the Army
Research Office (ARO) through the Multi- University Research Initiative
on Insensitive Munitions. The work at NRL was supported by ONR both
directly and through NRL. Calculations were performed using NSF TeraGrid
facilities, and computational facilities of Materials Simulation
Laboratory at USF funded by ARO DURIP (grant No W911NF-07-1-0212). M. W.
Conroy thanks the organizers of the APS SCCM 2009 for travel support and
ONR/NRL for the support of his summer 2009 research at NRL through the
NREIP.
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 482
EP +
PG 2
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100114
ER
PT S
AU Gump, JC
Stoltz, CA
Freedman, BG
Peiris, SM
AF Gump, Jared C.
Stoltz, Chad A.
Freedman, Benjamin G.
Peiris, Suhithi M.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI ISOTHERMAL EQUATIONS OF STATE OF LLM-105
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE LLM-105; phase transition; x-ray diffraction; compression; pressure;
temperature; diamond anvil cell
ID CRYSTAL
AB 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide (LLM-105) is an energetic ingredient that has an impact sensitivity close to that of TATB, yet a calculated energy content close to HMX. Reported tests of formulated LLM-105 reveal that it is a good candidate for a new insensitive high-performance explosive. As use of LLM-105 increases, thermodynamic parameters and phase stability will need to be determined for accurate modeling. In order to accomplish this goal, isothermal equations of state of LLM-105 at static high-pressure and temperature were investigated using synchrotron angle-dispersive x-ray diffraction experiments. The samples were compressed and heated using diamond anvil cells. Pressure volume data for LLM-105 at ambient temperature and 100 degrees C were fit to the Birch-Murnaghan formalism to obtain isothermal equations of state. Temperature volume data at ambient pressure were fit to obtain the volume thermal expansion coefficient.
C1 [Gump, Jared C.; Stoltz, Chad A.] USN, Indian Head Div, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
[Freedman, Benjamin G.] Naval Res Enterprise Intern Prog, Washington, DC USA.
[Peiris, Suhithi M.] Def Threat Reduct Agency, Belvoir, VA 22060 USA.
RP Gump, JC (reprint author), USN, Indian Head Div, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
FU National Science Foundation; National Institutes of Health/National
Institute of General Medical Sciences [DMR-0225180]
FX This work is based upon research conducted at the Cornell High Energy
Synchrotron Source (CHESS) which is supported by the National Science
Foundation and the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of
General Medical Sciences under award DMR-0225180. Benjamin Freedman
thanks the NREIP program for funding his summer internship.
NR 11
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 541
EP +
PG 2
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100128
ER
PT S
AU Joshi, VS
AF Joshi, Vasant S.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI A NOVEL METHOD OF RESOLVING IGNITION THRESHOLD IN STEVEN TEST USING
HYBRID DROP WEIGHT-HOPKINSON BAR
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE Hybrid Hopkinson Bar; Shear initiation; Sensitivity; Ignition threshold;
Steven Test
AB Sensitivity of energetic material is traditionally evaluated in a drop weight test by a go-no-go ignition condition on an unconfined sample. In contrast to this, the Steven test uses a semi-confined energetic material to evaluate the post ignition violence. Frictional conditions can alter the results of both these tests. As a consequence, both these tests cannot be modeled accurately. Recently developed Hybrid Hopkinson Bar apparatus is well suited for modeling the impact initiation of energetic materials. In an effort to extend the capability of this apparatus, simple modification of bar geometry enables the Hybrid Hopkinson Bar apparatus to quantify ignition threshold as a subscale Steven test, and also evaluate the contribution of frictional changes leading to ignition. Comparison of a standard Hybrid Hopkinson Bar test to that of a Steven type test is being made using new diagnostic techniques to simultaneously quantify mechanical properties and ignition conditions.
C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
RP Joshi, VS (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
NR 6
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 703
EP 706
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100166
ER
PT S
AU Gu, X
Lin, Y
Oleynik, II
White, CT
AF Gu, X.
Lin, Y.
Oleynik, I. I.
White, C. T.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS OF SHOCK-INDUCED DEFECT HEALING IN
SILICON
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE athermal annealing; shock waves; silicon; ion implantation; Frenkel
pairs
AB Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the interaction of planar shock waves with point defects (interstitials and vacancies, or Frenkel pairs) were performed to investigate the possibility of reduction in the number of defects in Si resulting from substantial mechanical stress behind the shock wave front. The MD shock experiments were run in Si samples containing Frenkel pairs of varying concentration and composition. The defect dynamics behind the shock wave front were studied as a function of the shock wave intensity and the crystallographic orientation of its propagation. We found that 12.5% of defects were healed as a result of shock compression followed by a shock recovery step which brings the compressed samples to their uncompressed state. Such an unusual application of shock compression of solids might be useful in the microelectronics industry where such defects produced by ion implantation are considered a serious obstacle towards the further size reduction of Si CMOS devices.
C1 [Gu, X.; Lin, Y.; Oleynik, I. I.] Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[White, C. T.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Gu, X (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
RI Oleynik, Ivan/R-5004-2016
OI Oleynik, Ivan/0000-0002-5348-6484
FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory
(NRL); Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA); ONR both
directly and through NRL; DARPA; ARO DURIP [W911NF-07-1-0212]
FX The work at USF was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR)
through the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and by the Defense Advanced
Research Projects Agency (DARPA). The work at NRL was supported by ONR
both directly and through NRL and by DARPA. The computations were
performed by using NSF Teragrid computers and computational facilities
of USF Materials Simulation Laboratory supported by ARO DURIP (grant No.
W911NF-07-1-0212). We thank J. Grun and J. Goldwasser for bringing this
problem to our attention.
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 793
EP +
PG 2
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100188
ER
PT S
AU Conroy, MW
Budzevich, MM
Lin, Y
Oleynik, II
White, CT
AF Conroy, M. W.
Budzevich, M. M.
Lin, Y.
Oleynik, I. I.
White, C. T.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI APPLICATION OF VAN DER WAALS DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY TO STUDY PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE density functional theory; equations of state; explosions; high-pressure
effects
ID MOLECULAR-CRYSTALS; SOLID NITROMETHANE; COMPRESSION; EQUATIONS; STATE;
HMX
AB An empirical correction to account for van der Waals interactions based on the work of Neumann and Perrin [J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 15531 (2005)] was applied to density functional theory calculations of energetic molecular crystals. The calculated equilibrium unit-cell volumes of FOX-7, beta-HMX, solid nitromethane, PETN-I, alpha-RDX, and TATB show a significant improvement in the agreement with experimental results. Hydrostatic-compression simulations of beta-HMX, PETN-I, and alpha-RDX were also performed. The isothermal equations of state calculated from the results show increased agreement with experiment in the pressure intervals studied.
C1 [Conroy, M. W.; Budzevich, M. M.; Lin, Y.; Oleynik, I. I.] Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[White, C. T.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Conroy, MW (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
RI Oleynik, Ivan/R-5004-2016
OI Oleynik, Ivan/0000-0002-5348-6484
FU APS SCCM; ASEE; NREIP
FX M. W. Conroy thanks the organizers of the APS SCCM 2009 for travel
support and ASEE for the support of this research through the NREIP.
NR 20
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 805
EP +
PG 2
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100191
ER
PT S
AU Landerville, AC
Oleynik, II
White, CT
AF Landerville, A. C.
Oleynik, I. I.
White, C. T.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI REACTIVE MOLECULAR DYNAMICS OF DETONATING PETN
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE ab initio reactive molecular dynamics; shock waves; detonation;
molecular collisions
AB We investigate the initial chemical events sustaining a detonation in shock-compressed PETN resulting from intermolecular collisions behind the shock wave using first-principles reactive molecular dynamics. The reaction dynamics of bimolecular collisions was studied as a function of collision velocities and crystallographic orientations. For each orientation, threshold collision velocities of reaction, and products of decomposition were determined. The timescale of reaction was evaluated and used to understand whether these initial chemical events are largely driven by reaction dynamics, or temperature. Bond dissociation energies were calculated and used to rationalize the outcome of the chemical events in the course of the reaction dynamics. Finally, the relationship between orientation dependent sensitivities and steric factors is discussed.
C1 [Landerville, A. C.; Oleynik, I. I.] Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[White, C. T.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Landerville, AC (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
RI Oleynik, Ivan/R-5004-2016
OI Oleynik, Ivan/0000-0002-5348-6484
FU ONR/NRL; ARO through the MURI on Insensitive Munitions; ARO DURIP
[W911NF-07-1-0212]
FX The work was supported by ONR/NRL and partly by ARO through the MURI on
Insensitive Munitions. Calculations were performed using NSF TeraGrid,
and computational facilities of Materials Simulation Laboratory at USF
funded by ARO DURIP (grant No W911NF-07-1-0212). A.C. Landerville thanks
the organizing committee of SCCM 2009 for travel support.
NR 15
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 813
EP +
PG 2
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100193
ER
PT S
AU Oleynik, II
Landerville, AC
White, CT
AF Oleynik, I. I.
Landerville, A. C.
White, C. T.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI FIRST-PRINCIPLES INVESTIGATION OF REACTIVE MOLECULAR DYNAMICS IN
DETONATING RDX AND TATB
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE ab initio; reactive molecular dynamics; shock waves; detonation;
molecular collisions
ID DECOMPOSITION
AB Possible initial chemical reactions in detonating RDX and TATB that result from intermolecular collisions behind the shock wave front have been investigated using first-principles reactive molecular dynamics. The reaction dynamics was studied as a function of collision velocities and crystallographic orientations. Threshold collision velocities of chemical initiation and products of decomposition were obtained for each orientation, and compared to calculated bond dissociation energies to rationalize the outcome chemical events. Reaction timescales were also determined and used to understand whether these initial chemical events are largely driven by reaction dynamics or temperature.
C1 [Oleynik, I. I.; Landerville, A. C.] Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[White, C. T.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Oleynik, II (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
RI Oleynik, Ivan/R-5004-2016
OI Oleynik, Ivan/0000-0002-5348-6484
FU ONR/NRL; ARO through MURI on Insensitive Munitions; ARO DURIP
[W911NF-07-1-0212]
FX The work was supported by ONR/NRL and partly by ARO through MURI on
Insensitive Munitions. Calculations were performed using NSF TeraGrid,
and computational facilities of MSL at USF funded by ARO DURIP (grant No
W911NF-07-1-0212). A.C.L. thanks the organizing committee of SCCM 2009
for travel support.
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 817
EP +
PG 2
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100194
ER
PT S
AU Thuot, SC
Wilkinson, J
Lee, RJ
Carney, JR
Hooper, J
Lightstone, JM
Jouet, JR
Rogerson, JG
AF Thuot, S. C.
Wilkinson, J.
Lee, R. J.
Carney, J. R.
Hooper, J.
Lightstone, J. M.
Jouet, J. R.
Rogerson, J. G.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI IMPACT FRAGMENTATION AND BALLISTICS OF PRESSED ALUMINUM POWDER
PROJECTILES
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE reactive materials; framing camera; impact ignition; normal impact; soft
catch
AB The penetration and fragmentation characteristics of spheres made of pressed aluminum powder are studied via normal impact on thin steel plates at 0.6 to 1.8 km/s. Ultra-high speed photography and flash x-rays are used to monitor the formation and evolution of the debris cloud formed by impact. The mass distribution of debris fragments is measured directly via a soft-catch experiment. Experimental results are compared to simple analytic theories of brittle fragmentation and spall. This data aids in understanding the mechanical properties and potential energy release of porous reactive materials.
C1 [Thuot, S. C.; Wilkinson, J.; Lee, R. J.; Carney, J. R.; Hooper, J.; Lightstone, J. M.; Jouet, J. R.; Rogerson, J. G.] USN, Indian Head Div, Surface Warfare Ctr, Res Dept, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
RP Thuot, SC (reprint author), USN, Indian Head Div, Surface Warfare Ctr, Res Dept, 4104 Evans Way,Suite 102, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 1011
EP 1014
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100240
ER
PT S
AU Hopson, MV
Scott, CM
AF Hopson, M. V.
Scott, C. M.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI COMPUTATIONAL COMPARISONS OF HOMOGENEOUS AND STATISTICAL DESCRIPTIONS OF
AEROMET100 STEEL SUBJECTED TO EXPLOSIVE LOADING
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE CTH; Johnson-Cook fracture; AerMet100; Weibull compensation
AB Computational continuum codes can provide many details on the response of metals to explosive loading. However, most "production" level calculations use a homogeneous description of the metal. This representation is incorrect and a statistically compensated Johnson-Cook fracture model has been implemented into several computational continuum codes in an attempt to improve the predictive capability for fragment distributions from explosively loaded shells. This analysis employed a distribution of failure strains from experimental data to determine the parameters for the statistically compensated Johnson-Cook fracture model. Then the parameterized model was used in calculations of an experiment where fragments from an explosively loaded shell were soft recovered. The results were analyzed and compared back to a baseline homogeneous calculation.
C1 [Hopson, M. V.; Scott, C. M.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren Div, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA.
RP Hopson, MV (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren Div, 6138 NORC Ave, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 1077
EP 1080
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100256
ER
PT S
AU Mock, W
Bartyczak, S
Lee, G
Fedderly, J
Jordan, K
AF Mock, W., Jr.
Bartyczak, S.
Lee, G.
Fedderly, J.
Jordan, K.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF POLYUREA 1000
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE polyurea; plate impact; shock velocity; manganin gauge; shock stress;
reshock stress
ID PRESSURE; POLYMERS
AB The shock response of the viscoelastic polymer material polyurea 1000 has been investigated. Sabots carrying Al or Cu metal disks were launched into target assemblies containing the polyurea material. The target consisted of a thin metal disk on the impact side, a 6.5-mm-thick polyurea disk, and a thick metal backup disk. 50-Omega manganin gauges were epoxied between the metal/polymer and polymer/metal interfaces to measure the interface stresses and shock transit time. Measured longitudinal stresses ranged from 6 to 43 kbar. The measured shock velocity-particle velocity relationship was linear over this stress range. Maximum volume compression was about 30% for the initial shock wave. Several reshock waves were also measured for each experiment.
C1 [Mock, W., Jr.; Bartyczak, S.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren Div, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA.
[Lee, G.; Fedderly, J.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
[Jordan, K.] Marquette Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Milwaukee, WI 53233 USA.
RP Mock, W (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren Div, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA.
FU Department of the Navy In-House Laboratory Independent Research Program
FX Helpful discussions with Jerry Forbes are appreciated. The support of
the Department of the Navy In-House Laboratory Independent Research
Program is acknowledged
NR 18
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 1241
EP +
PG 2
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100293
ER
PT S
AU Jordan, JL
Dattelbaum, D
Ferranti, L
Sutherland, G
Baer, M
Richards, W
Sheffield, S
Dick, RD
Thadhani, NN
AF Jordan, Jennifer L.
Dattelbaum, Dana
Ferranti, Louis
Sutherland, Gerrit
Baer, Mel
Richards, Wayne
Sheffield, Stephen
Dick, Richard D.
Thadhani, Naresh N.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI SHOCK EQUATION OF STATE OF SINGLE CONSTITUENT AND MULTI-CONSTITUENT
EPOXY-BASED PARTICULATE COMPOSITES
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE epoxy particulate composites; Hugoniot; mixture model
ID MIXTURE THEORY; HIGH-PRESSURE; TRANSITION; RESIN
AB There are several studies in the literature regarding the equation of state of alumina-epoxy composites. Although this single component system interacts in a complex manner with shock waves, the addition of a second metal or ceramic particulate can result in even more complex interactions. This paper presents a review of shock loading studies on epoxy-based particulate composites. The relationship between equation of state parameters and particulate concentration is investigated. The measured shock properties are compared with a mixture model for two and three phases.
C1 [Jordan, Jennifer L.; Richards, Wayne] USAF, Res Lab, Munit Directorate, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
[Dattelbaum, Dana; Sheffield, Stephen] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Ferranti, Louis] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
[Sutherland, Gerrit] USN, Surface Warfare Ctr, Potomac, MA USA.
[Baer, Mel] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Dick, Richard D.] Shocks Unlimited, Albuquerque, NM USA.
[Thadhani, Naresh N.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Jordan, JL (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Munit Directorate, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA.
OI Jordan, Jennifer/0000-0002-4596-5872
NR 17
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 1253
EP +
PG 2
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100296
ER
PT S
AU Piecuch, SR
Koch, JD
Lightstone, JM
Carney, JR
AF Piecuch, S. R.
Koch, J. D.
Lightstone, J. M.
Carney, J. R.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI A FAST NIR EMISSION SPECTROMETER FOR EXAMINING EXPLOSIVE EVENTS:
EMISSION SPECTRA OF PETN EXPLOSIONS CONTAINING SILVER AND ALUMINUM
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE Spectroscopy; detonation; combustion; aluminum
ID DETONATION; COMBUSTION
AB A fast Near-Infrared (NIR) spectrometer was constructed to make temporally and spectrally resolved emission measurements during post-detonation combustion of pure pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) charges and PETN charges doped with 10% (by mass) Ag and Al microparticles. The post-detonation spectra are observed between 750 nm and 1500 nm at rates up to 46,992-spectra/sec, and key features are identified. Immediately following break-out of the detonation, all measured spectra are highly structured due to atomic and molecular emission. This emission decays within the first 40 mu s following break-out and is found to have lifetimes similar to that of emission from various species collected in the visible (390-600 nm) by a time-resolved streak spectrometer. For the particle-doped charges, broadband NIR emission signals can be used to determine time-resolved gray-body temperatures of the particles. At early time (0-40 mu s after breakout) gray-body temperatures in the range of 3000 to 4500 K are measured, between 60 mu s and 350 mu s after breakout the particle temperature is found to cool significantly to the range of 1200 K to 1800 K. Complementary two-color pyrometry (800 and 1150 nm) temperature measurements are found to be in fair agreement with early time data (0-25 mu s).
C1 [Piecuch, S. R.; Koch, J. D.] Marquette Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Milwaukee, WI 53233 USA.
[Lightstone, J. M.; Carney, J. R.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head Div, Res & Technol Dept, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
RP Piecuch, SR (reprint author), Marquette Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Milwaukee, WI 53233 USA.
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency; Office of Naval Research
FX Funding was provided by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency and the
Office of Naval Research. We thank Mr. Robert N. Hay of Indian Head for
his efforts as our energetics technician.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 1297
EP +
PG 2
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100306
ER
PT S
AU Monat, JE
Gump, JC
AF Monat, J. E.
Gump, J. C.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS OF RDX AND TNT AFTER RESONANT LASER EXCITATION
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE Vapor decomposition products; laser excitation; RDX; TNT; FTIR
ID THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; ENERGETIC MATERIALS; PYROLYSIS
AB This paper describes research on the gas-phase decomposition products of explosives after resonant laser exposure. We studied RDX and TNT exposed to lasers in the infrared (10.6 mu m continuous-wave [cw]) and ultraviolet (266 nm cw and pulsed [similar to 8 ns pulsewidth]). The decomposition products in air were identified by infrared spectroscopy and mass spectrometry; NO(2) was observed from both RDX and TNT. For RDX, the N(2)O:NO(2) vapor product ratio was lower for the 266 nm pulsed case (0.2) than the cw cases (0.9), suggesting a faster timescale of energy deposition favors one decomposition pathway over another.
C1 [Monat, J. E.; Gump, J. C.] USN, Res & Technol Dept, Indian Head Div, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
RP Monat, JE (reprint author), USN, Res & Technol Dept, Indian Head Div, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
NR 11
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 1309
EP 1312
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100309
ER
PT S
AU Konek, CT
Lightstone, JM
Wilkinson, J
Gump, JC
Carney, JR
Ball, JR
AF Konek, C. T.
Lightstone, J. M.
Wilkinson, J.
Gump, J. C.
Carney, J. R.
Ball, J. R.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI SECOND HARMONIC GENERATION (SHG) STUDIES OF
1,3,5-TRIAMINO-2,4,6-TRINITROBENZENE (TATB)
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE second harmonic generation (SHG); TATB; UV-vis; X-ray powder diffraction
ID GPA
AB Structural changes and chemical degradation can affect the performance and stability of explosives. We perform second harmonic generation (SHG) and X-ray powder diffraction studies on TATB to probe possible structural changes in TATB at elevated temperatures. X-ray results showed decomposition above 310 degrees C, and did not show evidence of a phase transition or an additional polymorphic form. SHG experiments with a 10 us pulsed laser indicated good second harmonic conversion efficiency, and we demonstrate the UV-vis spectrum of TATB. These results are preliminary steps to future SHG experiments which will further investigate changes in TATB at elevated temperatures and pressures.
C1 [Konek, C. T.; Lightstone, J. M.; Wilkinson, J.; Gump, J. C.; Carney, J. R.; Ball, J. R.] USN, Indian Head Div, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
RP Konek, CT (reprint author), USN, Indian Head Div, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
EM Christopher.konek.ctr@navy.mil
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 1321
EP 1324
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100312
ER
PT S
AU Felts, JE
Sandusky, HW
Guirguis, RH
AF Felts, J. E.
Sandusky, H. W.
Guirguis, R. H.
BE Elert, ML
Buttler, WT
Furnish, MD
Anderson, WW
Proud, WG
TI PENETRATION RESISTANCE IN GRANULAR MATERIALS WITH AND WITHOUT FLUID
INJECTION
SO SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2009, PTS 1 AND 2
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Conference of the American-Physical-Society-Topical-Group on Shock
Compression of Condensed Matter
CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 2009
CL Nashville, TN
SP Amer Phys Soc, Topical Grp
DE Penetration; friction; sand; fluid injection
ID SAND; DYNAMICS
AB Investigating the different factors affecting the resistance of earth materials to penetration is important to both commercial and military applications. Friction and resistance to deformation are involved, but this paper focused on friction and the effectiveness of reducing it by injecting a fluid at the interface with the penetrator. Measurement of the coefficient of friction between Teflon or granular materials under pressure and a hardened steel surface are presented for sliding velocities between similar to 0.01 m/s and similar to 30 m/s. Pressures above and below the crushing strength of the grains were considered. Two types of granular materials were tested - sand and glass beads, the latter a model material that allows a highly uniform bed of particles. Measurements with dry beds were compared to those with a fluid injected through the sliding steel surface.
C1 [Felts, J. E.; Sandusky, H. W.; Guirguis, R. H.] USN, Indian Head Div, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
RP Felts, JE (reprint author), USN, Indian Head Div, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0732-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1195
BP 1373
EP 1376
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA BOG48
UT WOS:000276574100324
ER
PT S
AU Vourlidas, A
Ontiveros, V
AF Vourlidas, Angelos
Ontiveros, Veronica
BE Ao, X
Burrows, R
Zank, GP
TI A Review of Coronagraphic Observations of Shocks Driven by Coronal Mass
Ejections
SO SHOCK WAVES IN SPACE AND ASTROPHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 8th Annual International Astrophysics Conference
CY MAY 01-07, 2009
CL Kona, HI
SP Univ Alabama Huntsville, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeronom Res
DE Coronal Mass Ejections; Interplanetary shocks; Shocks in Plasma;
Coronagraphs
ID WHITE-LIGHT; TRANSIENTS; SIMULATION; RADIO; SUN; FORERUNNERS; EVENTS;
WAVES; EARTH; MODEL
AB The existence of shocks driven by Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) has always been assumed based on the superalfvenic speeds for some of these events and on indirect evidence such as radio bursts and distant streamer deflections. However, the direct signature of the plasma enhancement at the shock front has escaped detection until recently. Since 2003, work on LASCO observations has shown that CME-driven shocks can be detected by white light coronagraph observations from a few solar radii to at least 20 R-sun. Shock properties, such as the density compression ratio and their direction can be extracted from the data. We review this work here and demonstrate how to recognize the various shock morphologies in the images. We also discuss how the two-viewpoint coronagraph observations from the STEREO mission allow the reconstruction of the 3D envelope of the shock revealing some interesting properties of the shocks (e.g., anisotropic expansion).
C1 [Vourlidas, Angelos] USN, Res Lab, Code 7663, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Ontiveros, Veronica] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geofis, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[Ontiveros, Veronica] George Mason Univ, CEOSR, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RP Vourlidas, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7663, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009
OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948
FU LWS TRT [NNH06D85I]
FX Part of this work was funded by the LWS TR&T grant NNH06D85I. SOHO is an
international collaboration between NASA and ESA. LASCO was constructed
by a consortium of institutions: NRL (Washington, DC, USA), MPS
(Katlenburg- Lindau, Germany), LAM (Marseille, France) and Univ.of
Birmingham (Birmingham, UK).
NR 27
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0724-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1183
BP 139
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BPZ45
UT WOS:000280435400017
ER
PT S
AU Wu, CC
AF Wu, Chin-Chun
BE Ao, X
Burrows, R
Zank, GP
TI Generation and Evolution of Interplanetary Shocks
SO SHOCK WAVES IN SPACE AND ASTROPHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 8th Annual International Astrophysics Conference
CY MAY 01-07, 2009
CL Kona, HI
SP Univ Alabama Huntsville, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeronom Res
DE Interplanetary shocks; solar wind; space weather; shock acceleration
ID SLOW SHOCKS; SOLAR-WIND; HELIOSPHERE; REVERSE; WAVES; SPACE
AB Timing and locating interplanetary (IF) shocks in the heliosphere constitutes a major task in space weather forecasting, as they are source of solar energetic particles and the leading signal of an upcoming magnetic cloud/interplanetary coronal mass ejection (MC/ICME) that causes major geomagnetic and aurora disturbances. Such a task is often complicated by the nonlinear interaction of the shock with its riding solar wind and, in some events, with other IP shocks. Using magnetohydrodynamics numerical simulation, we will discuss following issues. (1) How IP shocks are initiated near the Sun? (2) How IF shocks are evolving in the non-uniform solar wind medium? (3) How IP shocks are interacting with each other? (4) How IP shocks are accelerating and decelerating? In addition, we will also compare simulation results with in-situ observations.
C1 USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Wu, CC (reprint author), USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 24
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0724-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1183
BP 178
EP 186
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BPZ45
UT WOS:000280435400021
ER
PT J
AU Forgoston, E
Schwartz, IB
AF Forgoston, Eric
Schwartz, Ira B.
TI Escape Rates in a Stochastic Environment with Multiple Scales
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON APPLIED DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE stochastic dynamical systems; center manifold reduction; large
fluctuation theory; multiscale analysis
ID DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; LARGE FLUCTUATIONS; DYNAMICAL-SYSTEMS;
SEMICONDUCTOR-LASER; OPTIMAL PATHS; NORMAL FORMS; NOISE; DRIVEN;
BIFURCATIONS
AB We consider a stochastic environment with two time scales and outline a general theory that compares two methods to reduce the dimension of the original system. The first method involves the computation of the underlying deterministic center manifold followed by a "naive" replacement of the stochastic term. The second method allows one to more accurately describe the stochastic effects and involves the derivation of a normal form coordinate transform that is used to find the stochastic center manifold. The results of both methods are used along with the path integral formalism of large fluctuation theory to predict the escape rate from one basin of attraction to another. The general theory is applied to the example of a surface flow described by a generic, singularly perturbed, damped, nonlinear oscillator with additive, Gaussian noise. We show how both nonlinear reduction methods compare in escape rate scaling. Additionally, the center manifolds are shown to predict high prehistory probability regions of escape. The theoretical results are confirmed using numerical computation of the mean escape time and escape prehistory, and we briefly discuss the extension of the theory to stochastic control.
C1 [Forgoston, Eric; Schwartz, Ira B.] USN, Res Lab, Nonlinear Dynam Syst Sect, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Forgoston, E (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Nonlinear Dynam Syst Sect, Div Plasma Phys, Code 6792, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM eric.forgoston.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; ira.schwartz@nrl.navy.mil
RI Schwartz, Ira/A-8073-2009
FU Office of Naval Research; Army Research Office; Air Force Office of
Scientific Research; National Research Council Research Associateship.
FX Nonlinear Dynamical Systems Section, Plasma Physics Division, Code 6792,
U. S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375
(eric.forgoston.ctr@nrl.navy.mil, ira.schwartz@nrl.navy.mil). The work
of the first author was supported by a National Research Council
Research Associateship.
NR 48
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 6
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1536-0040
J9 SIAM J APPL DYN SYST
JI SIAM J. Appl. Dyn. Syst.
PY 2009
VL 8
IS 3
BP 1190
EP 1217
DI 10.1137/090755710
PG 28
WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical
SC Mathematics; Physics
GA 499CB
UT WOS:000270193100016
ER
PT J
AU Ghabcheloo, R
Aguiar, AP
Pascoal, A
Silvestre, C
Kaminer, I
Hespanha, J
AF Ghabcheloo, R.
Aguiar, A. P.
Pascoal, A.
Silvestre, C.
Kaminer, I.
Hespanha, J.
TI COORDINATED PATH-FOLLOWING IN THE PRESENCE OF COMMUNICATION LOSSES AND
TIME DELAYS
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON CONTROL AND OPTIMIZATION
LA English
DT Article
DE coordination control; communication losses and time delays;
path-following; autonomous underwater vehicles
ID UNDERACTUATED AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES; PARAMETRIC MODELING UNCERTAINTY;
TRAJECTORY-TRACKING; NONLINEAR-SYSTEMS; STABILIZATION; AGREEMENT;
CONSENSUS; AGENTS; SYNCHRONIZATION; CONVERGENCE
AB This paper addresses the problem of steering a group of vehicles along given spatial paths while holding a desired time-varying geometrical formation pattern. The solution to this problem, henceforth referred to as the coordinated path-following (CPF) problem, unfolds in two basic steps. First, a path-following (PF) control law is designed to drive each vehicle to its assigned path, with a nominal speed profile that may be path dependent. This is done by making each vehicle approach a virtual target that moves along the path according to a conveniently defined dynamic law. In the second step, the speeds of the virtual targets (also called coordination states) are adjusted about their nominal values so as to synchronize their positions and achieve, indirectly, vehicle coordination. In the problem formulation, it is explicitly considered that each vehicle transmits its coordination state to a subset of the other vehicles only, as determined by the communications topology adopted. It is shown that the system that is obtained by putting together the PF and coordination subsystems can be naturally viewed as either the feedback or the cascade connection of the latter two. Using this fact and recent results from nonlinear systems and graph theory, conditions are derived under which the PF and the coordination errors are driven to a neighborhood of zero in the presence of communication losses and time delays. Two different situations are considered. The first captures the case where the communication graph is alternately connected and disconnected (brief connectivity losses). The second reflects an operational scenario where the union of the communication graphs over uniform intervals of time remains connected (uniformly connected in mean). To better root the paper in a nontrivial design example, a CPF algorithm is derived for multiple underactuated autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). Simulation results are presented and discussed.
C1 [Ghabcheloo, R.; Aguiar, A. P.; Pascoal, A.] Inst Super Tecn, Inst Syst & Robot, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal.
[Ghabcheloo, R.; Aguiar, A. P.; Pascoal, A.; Silvestre, C.] Inst Super Tecn, Dept Elect Engn & Comp, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal.
[Kaminer, I.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Hespanha, J.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Ghabcheloo, R (reprint author), Inst Super Tecn, Inst Syst & Robot, Av Rovisco Pais 1, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal.
EM reza@isr.ist.utl.pt; pedro@isr.ist.utl.pt; antonio@isr.ist.utl.pt;
cjs@isr.ist.utl.pt; kaminer@nps.navy.edu; hespanha@ce.ucsb.edu
RI Silvestre, Carlos/F-9189-2010; Hespanha, Joao/C-2569-2008;
OI Silvestre, Carlos/0000-0002-5096-5527; Hespanha,
Joao/0000-0003-2809-4718; PASCOAL, ANTONIO /0000-0002-0657-6671; Aguiar,
Antonio Pedro/0000-0001-7105-0505
FU GREX/CEC-IST [035223]; NAV-Control/FCT-PT [PTDC/EEAACR/65996/2006]; CEC;
FCT-ISR/IST pluriannual funding program; NSF grant [ECS-0242798]
FX Received by the editors December 31, 2006; accepted for publication ( in
revised form) November 7, 2008; published electronically February 11,
2009. This research is supported in part by project GREX/CEC-IST under
contract 035223, project NAV-Control/FCT-PT(PTDC/EEAACR/65996/2006), the
FREESUBNET RTN of the CEC, theFCT-ISR/IST pluriannual funding program
(through the POS C initiative in cooperation with FEDER), and by NSF
grant ECS-0242798. The first author benefitted from a Ph.D. scholarship
of FCT.
NR 64
TC 74
Z9 76
U1 2
U2 25
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 0363-0129
EI 1095-7138
J9 SIAM J CONTROL OPTIM
JI SIAM J. Control Optim.
PY 2009
VL 48
IS 1
BP 234
EP 265
DI 10.1137/060678993
PG 32
WC Automation & Control Systems; Mathematics, Applied
SC Automation & Control Systems; Mathematics
GA 421IR
UT WOS:000264353100011
ER
PT J
AU Restelli, M
Giraldo, FX
AF Restelli, Marco
Giraldo, Francis X.
TI A CONSERVATIVE DISCONTINUOUS GALERKIN SEMI-IMPLICIT FORMULATION FOR THE
NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS IN NONHYDROSTATIC MESOSCALE MODELING
SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE compressible flows; Euler equations; Navier-Stokes equations;
discontinuous Galerkin finite element method; nonhydrostatic model;
semi-implicit time discretizations
ID SHALLOW-WATER EQUATIONS; FINITE-ELEMENT-METHOD; ELLIPTIC PROBLEMS;
NUMERICAL-SOLUTION; COMPRESSIBLE FLOW; SPECTRAL ELEMENT; TIME
INTEGRATION; EULER EQUATIONS; FORECAST MODEL; MOUNTAIN WAVES
AB A discontinuous Galerkin (DG) finite element formulation is proposed for the solution of the compressible Navier-Stokes equations for a vertically stratified fluid, which are of interest in mesoscale nonhydrostatic atmospheric modeling. The resulting scheme naturally ensures conservation of mass, momentum, and energy. A semi-implicit time-integration approach is adopted to improve the efficiency of the scheme with respect to the explicit Runge-Kutta time integration strategies usually employed in the context of DG formulations. A method is also presented to reformulate the resulting linear system as a pseudo-Helmholtz problem. In doing this, we obtain a DG discretization closely related to those proposed for the solution of elliptic problems, and we show how to take advantage of the numerical integration rules (required in all DG methods for the area and flux integrals) to increase the efficiency of the solution algorithm. The resulting numerical formulation is then validated on a collection of classical two-dimensional test cases, including density driven flows and mountain wave simulations. The performance analysis shows that the semi-implicit method is, indeed, superior to explicit methods and that the pseudo-Helmholtz formulation yields further efficiency improvements.
C1 [Restelli, Marco] Max Planck Inst Meteorol, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
[Giraldo, Francis X.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Restelli, M (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Meteorol, Bundesstr 53, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
EM marco.restelli@zmaw.de; fxgirald@nps.edu
NR 56
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 5
PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA
SN 1064-8275
J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT
JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput.
PY 2009
VL 31
IS 3
BP 2231
EP 2257
DI 10.1137/070708470
PG 27
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 467NS
UT WOS:000267746200028
ER
PT S
AU Zhang, J
Mazzola, J
Sunkari, S
Stewart, G
Klein, PB
Ward, RM
Glaser, E
Lew, KK
Gaskill, DK
Sankin, I
Bondarenko, V
Null, D
Sheridan, D
Mazzola, M
AF Zhang, Jie
Mazzola, Janice
Sunkari, Swapna
Stewart, Gray
Klein, Paul B.
Ward, Rachael M.
Glaser, Evan
Lew, Kok-Keong
Gaskill, D. Kurt
Sankin, Igor
Bondarenko, Vlad
Null, David
Sheridan, David
Mazzola, Mike
BE Suzuki, A
Okumura, H
Kimoto, T
Fuyuki, T
Fukuda, K
Nishizawa, S
TI High Quality Epitaxial Growth on 4 degrees Off-axis 4H SiC with Addition
of HCl
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2007, PTS 1 AND 2
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY OCT 14-19, 2007
CL Otsu, JAPAN
SP Japan Soc Appl Phys, Assoc Promot Elect, Elect & Informat Engn, Ceram Soc Japan, IEEE EDS, Kansai Chapter, IEEJ, Inst Elect, Informat & Commun Engineers, Japanese Assoc Crystal Growth, Surface Sci Soc Japan, Vacuum Soc Japan
DE HCl; morphology; carrier lifetime; deep-level defects; epitaxy; SiC
ID CVD
AB Epitaxial growth of 3-in, 4 degrees off-axis 4H SiC with addition of HCl has been presented. Good surface morphology with a low defect density has been obtained, even for epi thickness of 38 mu m. Comprehensive characterization techniques conducted on the epi material obtained in this process have independently confirmed the high purity and low density of crystalline imperfections. Low temperature PL displays clear free exciton I-77 recombination while no L1 line is discernable. DLTS measurements have confirmed a low concentration of Z(1/2) and EH6/7 below or in the range of jolt cm(-3). Time resolved PL at room temperature performed on a 38 mu m thick epi wafer gives long carrier lifetime in the range of 1.5 to above 5 mu sec. PiN diodes with diode area up to 25 mm, 2 have demonstrated blocking voltages above 900V, with a max electric field of above 2.5 MV/cm.
C1 [Zhang, Jie; Mazzola, Janice; Sunkari, Swapna; Stewart, Gray; Sankin, Igor; Bondarenko, Vlad; Null, David; Sheridan, David; Mazzola, Mike] SemiSouth Labs, 201 Res Blvd, Starkville, MS 39759 USA.
[Klein, Paul B.; Ward, Rachael M.; Glaser, Evan; Lew, Kok-Keong; Gaskill, D. Kurt] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Zhang, J (reprint author), SemiSouth Labs, 201 Res Blvd, Starkville, MS 39759 USA.
EM jie.zhang@semisouth.com
RI Trufkati, Lyudmyla/D-2876-2016
OI Trufkati, Lyudmyla/0000-0002-6233-6533
NR 4
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 600-603
BP 103
EP +
PN 1-2
PG 2
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA BIX26
UT WOS:000263555300024
ER
PT S
AU Caldwell, JD
Stahlbush, RE
Glembocki, OJ
Hobart, KD
Liu, KX
Tadjer, MJ
AF Caldwell, Joshua D.
Stahlbush, Robert E.
Glembocki, Orest J.
Hobart, Karl D.
Liu, Kendrick X.
Tadjer, Marko J.
BE Suzuki, A
Okumura, H
Kimoto, T
Fuyuki, T
Fukuda, K
Nishizawa, S
TI Temperature Dependence of Shockley Stacking Fault Expansion and
Contraction in 4H-SiC p-i-n Diodes
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2007, PTS 1 AND 2
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY OCT 14-19, 2007
CL Otsu, JAPAN
SP Japan Soc Appl Phys, Assoc Promot Elect, Elect & Informat Engn, Ceram Soc Japan, IEEE EDS, Kansai Chapter, IEEJ, Inst Elect, Informat & Commun Engineers, Japanese Assoc Crystal Growth, Surface Sci Soc Japan, Vacuum Soc Japan
DE Silicon carbide; stacking faults; Shockley; annealing; contraction;
current-induced recovery; forward voltage drift; expansion; 4H-SiC; pin
diodes; temperature dependence
ID PIN DIODES; PROPAGATION; DEVICES
AB The nucleation and expansion of Shockley stacking faults (SSFs) in 4H-SiC is known to induce an increase in the forward voltage drop (V-f) of bipolar devices such as pin diodes. However, recent annealing experiments have shown that SSFs can not only expand, but that low temperature annealing (210-700 degrees C) induces a contraction of the SSFs that is coupled with a full and repeatable recovery of the V-f drift. Here we report that following extended periods of forward bias operation that the V-f drift of 10kV 4H-SiC pin diodes saturates, with the saturation V-f drift dropping with increasing stressing temperature. Upon reaching saturation, increases in temperature during forward bias operation at the same injection conditions also lead to a partial recovery of the V-f drift. Furthermore, the magnitude of this current-induced recovery is dependent upon the injection current, as reductions in the current cause a slower, but larger overall V-f drift recovery. All of these results clearly indicate that the current driving force models for SSF expansion are either incomplete or incorrect and that further efforts are required for a more complete understanding of SSF dynamics to be obtained.
C1 [Caldwell, Joshua D.; Stahlbush, Robert E.; Glembocki, Orest J.; Hobart, Karl D.; Liu, Kendrick X.] USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Tadjer, Marko J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Caldwell, JD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM joshua.caldwell@nrl.navy.mil; stahlbush@nrl.navy.mil;
glembocki@bloch.nrl.navy.mil; karl.hobart@nrl.navy.mil;
kendrick.liu@nrl.navy.mil; Tadjer@estd.nrl.navy.mil
RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008
OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 600-603
BP 273
EP +
PN 1-2
PG 2
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA BIX26
UT WOS:000263555300065
ER
PT S
AU Stahlbush, RE
VanMil, BL
Liu, K
Lew, KK
Myers-Ward, RL
Gaskill, DK
Eddy, CR
Zhang, X
Skowronski, M
AF Stahlbush, R. E.
VanMil, B. L.
Liu, Kx
Lew, K. K.
Myers-Ward, R. L.
Gaskill, D. K.
Eddy, C. R., Jr.
Zhang, X.
Skowronski, M.
BE Suzuki, A
Okumura, H
Kimoto, T
Fuyuki, T
Fukuda, K
Nishizawa, S
TI Evolution of Basal Plane Dislocations During 4H-SiC Epitaxial Growth
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2007, PTS 1 AND 2
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY OCT 14-19, 2007
CL Otsu, JAPAN
SP Japan Soc Appl Phys, Assoc Promot Elect, Elect & Informat Engn, Ceram Soc Japan, IEEE EDS, Kansai Chapter, IEEJ, Inst Elect, Informat & Commun Engineers, Japanese Assoc Crystal Growth, Surface Sci Soc Japan, Vacuum Soc Japan
DE basal plane dislocations; BPD; half-loop array; BPD reduction;
dislocation glide
ID STACKING-FAULT FORMATION; DIODES; EPILAYERS
AB The evolution of basal plane dislocations (BPDs) in 4H-SiC epitaxy during its growth is investigated by using two types of interrupted growth in conjunction with ultraviolet photoluminescence (UVPL) imaging of the dislocations. For the first, each epitaxial growth was stopped after 10-20 mu m and a UVPL map was collected. For the second, changing the gas flow interrupted the growth and the BPDs were imaged at the end. The first sequence made it possible to track the formation of half-loop arrays and show that they arise from BPDs that glide perpendicular to the offcut direction. For both types, each interruption causes between 30 - 50% of the BPDs to be converted to threading edge dislocations (TEDs). This result suggests that using interrupted growth may be an alternate method to producing epitaxial layers with low BPD concentration.
C1 [Stahlbush, R. E.; VanMil, B. L.; Liu, Kx; Lew, K. K.; Myers-Ward, R. L.; Gaskill, D. K.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Zhang, X.; Skowronski, M.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
RP Stahlbush, RE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM stahlbush@nrl.navy.mil
RI Skowronski, Marek/A-8934-2011
OI Skowronski, Marek/0000-0002-2087-0068
NR 13
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 2
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 600-603
BP 317
EP +
PN 1-2
PG 2
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA BIX26
UT WOS:000263555300074
ER
PT S
AU Liu, KX
Zhang, X
Stahlbush, RE
Skowronski, M
Caldwell, JD
AF Liu, Kendrick X.
Zhang, X.
Stahlbush, R. E.
Skowronski, M.
Caldwell, J. D.
BE Suzuki, A
Okumura, H
Kimoto, T
Fuyuki, T
Fukuda, K
Nishizawa, S
TI Differences in Emission Spectra of Dislocations in 4H-SiC Epitaxial
Layers
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2007, PTS 1 AND 2
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY OCT 14-19, 2007
CL Otsu, JAPAN
SP Japan Soc Appl Phys, Assoc Promot Elect, Elect & Informat Engn, Ceram Soc Japan, IEEE EDS, Kansai Chapter, IEEJ, Inst Elect, Informat & Commun Engineers, Japanese Assoc Crystal Growth, Surface Sci Soc Japan, Vacuum Soc Japan
DE Photoluminescence (PL); luminescence imaging; luminescence spectra;
dislocations; partial dislocations; threading dislocations; threading
edge dislocations; threading screw dislocations; extended defects;
silicon carbide; SiC; 4H-SiC
ID DIODES
AB Material defects such as Si-core and C-core partial dislocations (PDs) and threading screw dislocations (TSDs) and threading edge dislocations (TEDs) are being investigated for their contributions to device performances in 4H-SiC. Non-destructive electroluminescence and photo luminescence techniques can be powerful tools for examining these dislocations. In this report, these techniques were used to reveal the different spectral characteristics for the mentioned dislocations. At higher injection levels, both the Si-core and C-core PDs possessed a spectral peak at 700 nm. However, at lower injection levels, the spectral peak for the Si-core PD remained at 700 nm while the peak for the C-core moved to longer wavelengths. For the threading dislocations, TSDs possessed a peak between 800 and 850 nm while the TEDs possessed a peak at 600 nm independent of the injection levels.
C1 [Liu, Kendrick X.; Stahlbush, R. E.; Caldwell, J. D.] USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Zhang, X.; Skowronski, M.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
RP Liu, KX (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM kendrick.liu@nri.navy.mil; xuanz@andrew.cmu.edu;
robert.stahlbush@nrl.navy.mil; ms3s@andrew.cmu.edu;
joshua.caldwell@nrl.navy.mil
RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008; Skowronski, Marek/A-8934-2011
OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168; Skowronski,
Marek/0000-0002-2087-0068
NR 13
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 1
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 600-603
BP 345
EP +
PN 1-2
PG 2
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA BIX26
UT WOS:000263555300081
ER
PT S
AU Chen, Y
Huang, X
Zhang, N
Dudley, M
Caldwell, JD
Liu, KX
Stahlbush, RE
AF Chen, Yi
Huang, XianRong
Zhang, Ning
Dudley, Michael
Caldwell, Joshua D.
Liu, Kendrick X.
Stahlbush, Robert E.
BE Suzuki, A
Okumura, H
Kimoto, T
Fuyuki, T
Fukuda, K
Nishizawa, S
TI Synchrotron X-ray Topographic Studies of Recombination Activated
Shockley Partial Dislocations in 4H-Silicon Carbide Epitaxial Layers
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2007, PTS 1 AND 2
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY OCT 14-19, 2007
CL Otsu, JAPAN
SP Japan Soc Appl Phys, Assoc Promot Elect, Elect & Informat Engn, Ceram Soc Japan, IEEE EDS, Kansai Chapter, IEEJ, Inst Elect, Informat & Commun Engineers, Japanese Assoc Crystal Growth, Surface Sci Soc Japan, Vacuum Soc Japan
DE recombination enhanced dislocation glide; Shockley partial dislocation;
stacking fault; x-ray topography
AB Electron-hole recombination activated Shockley partial dislocations bounding expanding stacking faults and their interactions with threading dislocations have been studied in 4H-SiC epitaxial layers using synchrotron x-ray topography. The bounding partials appear as white stripes or narrow dark lines in back-reflection X-ray topographs recorded using the basal plane reflections. Such contrast variations are attributable to the defocusing/focusing of the diffracted X-rays due to the edge component of the partial dislocations, which creates a convex/concave distortion of the basal planes. Simulation results based on the ray-tracing principle confirm our argument. The sign of the partial dislocations can be subsequently determined.
C1 [Chen, Yi; Zhang, Ning; Dudley, Michael] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Huang, XianRong] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Caldwell, Joshua D.; Liu, Kendrick X.; Stahlbush, Robert E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chen, Y (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
EM yichen1@ic.sunysb.edu; xrhuang@aps.anl.gov; nizhang@ic.sunysb.edu;
mdudley@notes.cc.sunysb.edu; jcaldwell@ccs.nrl.navy.mil;
kendrick.liu@nrl.navy.mil; stahlbush@nrl.navy.mil
RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008
OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168
FU ONR [N0001140010348, N000140110302, N000140211014]; Dow Corning
Corporation [N0001405C0324, DAAD1701C0081]; NSLS [DE-AC02-76CH00016];
Beamline [XOR-33BM]; APS [W-31-109-ENG-38]
FX This work is supported in part by ONR grants N0001140010348,
N000140110302 and N000140211014 (contract monitor Dr. Colin Wood) and by
Dow Corning Corporation under contract numbers N0001405C0324 and
DAAD1701C0081. Topography experiments were carried out at the Stony
Brook Synchrotron Topography Facility (Beamline X-19C) at the NSLS
(Contract no. DE-AC02-76CH00016) and Beamline XOR-33BM, APS (Contract
No. W-31-109-ENG-38).
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 600-603
BP 357
EP +
PN 1-2
PG 2
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA BIX26
UT WOS:000263555300084
ER
PT S
AU Zvanut, ME
Ngetich, G
Chung, HJ
Polyakov, AY
Skowronski, M
Garces, NY
Glaser, ER
AF Zvanut, M. E.
Ngetich, G.
Chung, H. J.
Polyakov, A. Y.
Skowronski, M.
Garces, N. Y.
Glaser, E. R.
BE Suzuki, A
Okumura, H
Kimoto, T
Fuyuki, T
Fukuda, K
Nishizawa, S
TI Defect Level of the Carbon Vacancy-carbon Antisite Pair Center in SI 4H
SiC
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2007, PTS 1 AND 2
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY OCT 14-19, 2007
CL Otsu, JAPAN
SP Japan Soc Appl Phys, Assoc Promot Elect, Elect & Informat Engn, Ceram Soc Japan, IEEE EDS, Kansai Chapter, IEEJ, Inst Elect, Informat & Commun Engineers, Japanese Assoc Crystal Growth, Surface Sci Soc Japan, Vacuum Soc Japan
DE point defect; vacancy; electron paramagnetic resonance; defect level
ID ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE
AB The understanding of the structure and associated defect level of point defects in SiC is important because the material is to be used both as a semiconductor and semi-insulator. Production of the latter is achieved by compensation of unavoidable impurities using defects that require more energy for ionization than the unintentional donors or acceptors. The purpose of the present work is to measure the defect energy level of one center in high resistivity 4H SiC using photo-induced electron paramagnetic resonance (photo-EPR). The center is identified as SI-5, an EPR signal that others have attributed to the negative charge state of the carbon vacancy-carbon antisite pair, VCSSi-. Samples containing this defect exhibit two different photo thresholds, which depend on the resistivity activation energy, E-a. For samples with E-a less than 0.8 eV, a photo-threshold at 0.75+/- 0.05 eV is observed, but for those with E-a greater than 0.8 eV, the threshold is between 2 and 2.5 eV. Previous work focused on the former case. Here, the SiC substrates with the larger Ea are emphasized, showing that the photo-threshold likely measures the neutral to negative defect level, VCCSi-/0.
C1 [Zvanut, M. E.; Ngetich, G.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Phys, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
[Chung, H. J.; Polyakov, A. Y.; Skowronski, M.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Eng, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
[Garces, N. Y.; Glaser, E. R.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA.
RP Zvanut, ME (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Phys, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
EM mezvanut@uab.edu; mareks@cmu.edu; garces@nrl.navy.mil;
glaser@nrl.navy.mil
RI Skowronski, Marek/A-8934-2011
OI Skowronski, Marek/0000-0002-2087-0068
FU National Science Foundation; NRC Post-Doctoral Fellow
FX The work at UAB is supported by the National Science Foundation. N.Y.
Garces is an NRC Post- Doctoral Fellow.
NR 6
TC 1
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U1 0
U2 0
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 600-603
BP 385
EP +
PN 1-2
PG 2
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA BIX26
UT WOS:000263555300091
ER
PT S
AU Garces, NY
Glaser, ER
Carlos, WE
Fanton, MA
AF Garces, N. Y.
Glaser, E. R.
Carlos, W. E.
Fanton, M. A.
BE Suzuki, A
Okumura, H
Kimoto, T
Fuyuki, T
Fukuda, K
Nishizawa, S
TI Behavior of Native Defects in Semi-insulating 4H-SiC after High
Temperature Anneals and Different Cool-Down Rates
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2007, PTS 1 AND 2
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY OCT 14-19, 2007
CL Otsu, JAPAN
SP Japan Soc Appl Phys, Assoc Promot Elect, Elect & Informat Engn, Ceram Soc Japan, IEEE EDS, Kansai Chapter, IEEJ, Inst Elect, Informat & Commun Engineers, Japanese Assoc Crystal Growth, Surface Sci Soc Japan, Vacuum Soc Japan
DE point defects; magnetic resonance; photoluminescence
ID DEEP LEVELS; RESONANCE
AB We have recently explored the nature and stability of native defects in high-purity semi-insulating 4H-SiC bulk substrates grown by PVT and HTCVD methods after post-growth anneal treatments up to 2400 degrees C using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and low-temperature photoluminescence (PL) experiments. In the present study we have extended these investigations to SI 4H-SiC subjected to the same post-growth high-temperature anneal treatments, where significantly enhanced carrier lifetimes have been reported for such conditions, but cooled at different rates ranging from similar to-2-25 degrees C/min. Previously, the intensities of the native defects decreased monotonically with anneals from 1200-1800 degrees C; however, it was recently observed that several of these defects reappear after annealing at 2100 degrees C and above. Our results illustrate the effects of the post-growth anneal treatments and cool-down rates on the concentrations of native defects.
C1 [Garces, N. Y.; Glaser, E. R.; Carlos, W. E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Fanton, M. A.] Penn State Univ, Elect Opt Ctr, Freeport, PA 16229 USA.
RP Garces, NY (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM garces@bloch.nrl.navy.mil; glaser@bloch.nrl.navy.mil;
billcarlos@citcom.net; maf146@psu.edu
FU ONR
FX Work at NRL was supported by ONR. N.Y. Garces is an NRC Post Doctoral
Fellow.
NR 15
TC 1
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U1 1
U2 5
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 600-603
BP 389
EP +
PN 1-2
PG 2
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA BIX26
UT WOS:000263555300092
ER
PT S
AU Maximenko, SI
Freitas, JA
Garces, NY
Glaser, ER
Fanton, MA
AF Maximenko, S. I.
Freitas, J. A., Jr.
Garces, N. Y.
Glaser, E. R.
Fanton, M. A.
BE Suzuki, A
Okumura, H
Kimoto, T
Fuyuki, T
Fukuda, K
Nishizawa, S
TI Evolution of D-1-Defect Center in 4H-SiC During High Temperature
Annealing
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2007, PTS 1 AND 2
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY OCT 14-19, 2007
CL Otsu, JAPAN
SP Japan Soc Appl Phys, Assoc Promot Elect, Elect & Informat Engn, Ceram Soc Japan, IEEE EDS, Kansai Chapter, IEEJ, Inst Elect, Informat & Commun Engineers, Japanese Assoc Crystal Growth, Surface Sci Soc Japan, Vacuum Soc Japan
DE Semi-insulating material; Luminescence; D(1)defect; High Temperature
Annealing
AB The behavior of the D-1 center in semi-insulating 4H-SiC substrates revealed by low-temperature photoluminescence was investigated after post-growth high temperature anneals between 1400 and 2400 degrees C. The influence of different post-anneal cooling rates was also studied. The optical signature of D, was observed up to 2400 degrees C with intensity maxima at 1700 and 2200 degrees C. We propose that the peak at 1700 degrees C can be related to the formation and subsequent dissociation of Sic native defects. It was found that changes in the post-annealing cooling rate drastically influence the behavior of the D, center and the concentrations of the V-C, V-Si, V-C-V-Si and V-C-C-Si lattice defects.
C1 [Maximenko, S. I.; Freitas, J. A., Jr.; Garces, N. Y.; Glaser, E. R.] USN, Res Lab, Code 6877,4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Fanton, M. A.] Penn State Univ, Elect Opt Ctr, Freeport, PA 16229 USA.
RP Maximenko, SI (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6877,4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM serguei.maximenko@nrl.navy.mil; jaime.freitas@nrl.navy.mil;
garces@bloch.nrl.navy.mil; glaser@bloch.nrl.navy.mil;
mfanton@eoc.psu.edu
FU National Research Council
FX S. I. Maximenko and N. Y. Garces would like to acknowledge the National
Research Council for financial support.
NR 10
TC 1
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U1 0
U2 0
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 600-603
BP 429
EP +
PN 1-2
PG 2
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA BIX26
UT WOS:000263555300102
ER
PT S
AU Glaser, ER
Garces, NY
Caldwell, JD
Carlos, WE
Zvant, ME
Magnusson, B
Hansen, DM
Chung, G
Loboda, MJ
AF Glaser, E. R.
Garces, N. Y.
Caldwell, J. D.
Carlos, W. E.
Zvant, M. E.
Magnusson, B.
Hansen, D. M.
Chung, G.
Loboda, M. J.
BE Suzuki, A
Okumura, H
Kimoto, T
Fuyuki, T
Fukuda, K
Nishizawa, S
TI Infrared PL Signatures of n-type Bulk SiC Substrates with Nitrogen
Impurity Concentration Between 10(16) and 10(17) cm(-3)
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2007, PTS 1 AND 2
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY OCT 14-19, 2007
CL Otsu, JAPAN
SP Japan Soc Appl Phys, Assoc Promot Elect, Elect & Informat Engn, Ceram Soc Japan, IEEE EDS, Kansai Chapter, IEEJ, Inst Elect, Informat & Commun Engineers, Japanese Assoc Crystal Growth, Surface Sci Soc Japan, Vacuum Soc Japan
DE SiC bulk substrates; nitrogen; infrared photoluminescence
ID DIVACANCY
AB Low temperature infrared photoluminescence (PL) performed on a large set of bulk SiC substrates has revealed distinct series of lines between 0.8 and 1.5 eV for samples with nitrogen levels between similar to 10(16) and 10(17) cm(-3). Semi-insulating and intentionally N-doped wafers grown by PVT and HTCVD were investigated. Two groups of PL lines clustered near 1.0 and 1.35 eV, respectively, were observed in n-type 4H-SiC. Not surprisingly, a multiplicity of features at slightly different energy positions was found for this emission from the 6H- and 15R-SiC polytypes. Both sets of lines were not observed for substrates with N doping concentrations greater than 3x10(17) cm(-3). Thus, it appears this IR emission can serve as optical "fingerprints" of bulk n-type substrate with moderate levels of N impurities. Models for the possible origins of these lines will also be discussed.
C1 [Glaser, E. R.; Garces, N. Y.; Caldwell, J. D.; Carlos, W. E.] USN, Res Lab, Code 6877, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Zvant, M. E.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Phys, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
[Magnusson, B.] Norstel AB, Norrkoping SE-60238, Sweden.
[Hansen, D. M.; Chung, G.; Loboda, M. J.] LLC, Dow Corning Compound Semiconduct Solut, Midland, MI 48611 USA.
RP Glaser, ER (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6877, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM glaser@nrl.navy.mil; garces@nrl.navy.mil; joshua.caldwell@nrl.navy.mil;
billcarlos@citcom.net; mezvanut@uab.edu; bjorn.magnusson@norstel.com;
drew.hansen@dowcorning.com; gil.chung@dowcorning.com;
mark.loboda@dowcorning.com
RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008;
OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168; Magnusson,
Bjorn/0000-0003-1618-170X
FU ONR [N00014-05-C-0324]
FX Work supported in part by ONR under contract #N00014-05-C-0324 (program
officer: Dr. Colin Wood). Additional n-type and semi-insulating SiC
substrates investigated in this study were grown by CREE Inc. We thank
Bill Mitchel (AFRL) for Hall effect measurements of several samples.
NR 8
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PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 600-603
BP 449
EP +
PN 1-2
PG 2
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA BIX26
UT WOS:000263555300107
ER
PT S
AU Myers-Ward, RL
Lew, KK
VanMil, BL
Stahlbush, RE
Liu, K
Caldwell, JD
Klein, PB
Wu, P
Fatemi, M
Eddy, CR
Gaskill, DK
AF Myers-Ward, R. L.
Lew, K. K.
VanMil, B. L.
Stahlbush, R. E.
Liu, K.
Caldwell, J. D.
Klein, P. B.
Wu, Ping
Fatemi, M.
Eddy, C. R., Jr.
Gaskill, D. K.
BE Suzuki, A
Okumura, H
Kimoto, T
Fuyuki, T
Fukuda, K
Nishizawa, S
TI Impact of 4H-SiC Substrate Defectivity on Epilayer Injected Carrier
Lifetimes
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2007, PTS 1 AND 2
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY OCT 14-19, 2007
CL Otsu, JAPAN
SP Japan Soc Appl Phys, Assoc Promot Elect, Elect & Informat Engn, Ceram Soc Japan, IEEE EDS, Kansai Chapter, IEEJ, Inst Elect, Informat & Commun Engineers, Japanese Assoc Crystal Growth, Surface Sci Soc Japan, Vacuum Soc Japan
DE 4H-SiC; basal plane dislocations; lifetime; defects
AB X-ray diffraction (XRD) rocking curves were mapped across 4H-SiC, 3-inch, 8 degrees off-cut substrates prior to and after epitaxial growth, where a pattern of slightly higher defectivity region was clearly seen. This same pattern was apparent in both cross-polarization images of the epiwafers and microwave photoconductivity decay (mu-PCD) lifetime maps of the epilayers, where the latter shows the lifetime in the high defectivity regions had drastically decreased. Within the short lifetime regions, electron trap concentrations were similar to that as in the long lifetime regions as determined by deep level transient spectroscopy; however, the extended defect density was significantly higher. Consequently, high spatial resolution XRD can be a valuable tool in pre-selecting substrates for epitaxial growth to produce low defect density material with long injected carrier lifetimes.
C1 [Myers-Ward, R. L.; Lew, K. K.; VanMil, B. L.; Stahlbush, R. E.; Liu, K.; Caldwell, J. D.; Klein, P. B.; Fatemi, M.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.; Gaskill, D. K.] USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Wu, Ping] II VI Incorp, Pine Brook, NJ 07058 USA.
RP Myers-Ward, RL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM rward@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; kklew99@gmail.com; bvanmil@ccs.nrl.navy.mil;
bob.stahlbush@nrl.navy.mil; kendrick.liu@nrl.navy.mil;
joshua.caldwell@nrl.navy.mil; klein@bloch.nrl.navy.mil; pwu@ii-vi.com;
mohammad.fatemi@nrl.navy.mil; eddy@estd.nrl.navy.mil;
kurt.gaskill@nri.navy.mil
RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008
OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168
FU American Society for Engineering Education Naval Research Laboratory
Postdoctoral Fellowship Program; CREE Inc. under DARPA Wide Bandgap
Semiconductor Technology Initiative [N00014-02-C-0306]; Office of Naval
Research
FX R.L. Myers-Ward, K.-K. Lew, and B.L. VanMil acknowledge support from the
American Society for Engineering Education Naval Research Laboratory
Postdoctoral Fellowship Program. The SiC substrate was grown by CREE
Inc. under DARPA Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology Initiative
contract No. N00014-02-C-0306. Research at the US Naval Research
Laboratory is supported by the Office of Naval Research.
NR 6
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 600-603
BP 481
EP +
PN 1-2
PG 2
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA BIX26
UT WOS:000263555300115
ER
PT S
AU Chung, G
Lobbda, MJ
Marinella, MJ
Schroder, DK
Klein, PB
Isaacs-Smith, T
Williams, JW
AF Chung, G.
Lobbda, M. J.
Marinella, M. J.
Schroder, D. K.
Klein, P. B.
Isaacs-Smith, T.
Williams, J. W.
BE Suzuki, A
Okumura, H
Kimoto, T
Fuyuki, T
Fukuda, K
Nishizawa, S
TI Generation and Recombination Carrier Lifetimes in 4H SiC Epitaxial
Wafers
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2007, PTS 1 AND 2
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY OCT 14-19, 2007
CL Otsu, JAPAN
SP Japan Soc Appl Phys, Assoc Promot Elect, Elect & Informat Engn, Ceram Soc Japan, IEEE EDS, Kansai Chapter, IEEJ, Inst Elect, Informat & Commun Engineers, Japanese Assoc Crystal Growth, Surface Sci Soc Japan, Vacuum Soc Japan
DE Generation and recombination lifetimes; 4H-SiC; Oxide leakage currents
AB Compared to silicon, there have been relatively few comparative studies of recombination and carrier lifetimes in SiC. For the first time, both generation and recombination carrier lifetimes are reported from the same areas in 20 mu m thick 4H SiC n-/n+ epi-wafer structures. The ratio of the generation to recombination lifetime is much different in SiC compared to Si. Activation energy calculated from SiC generation lifetimes shows that traps with energy levels near mid-gap dominate the generation lifetime. Comparison of both generation and recombination lifetimes and dislocation counts measured in the device area show no correlation in either case.
C1 [Chung, G.; Lobbda, M. J.] Dow Corning Compound Semicond Solut LLC, Midland, MI 48611 USA.
[Marinella, M. J.; Schroder, D. K.] Arizona State Univ, Ctr Solid State Elect Res, Dept Elect Engn & Ctr, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Klein, P. B.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Isaacs-Smith, T.; Williams, J. W.] Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
RP Chung, G (reprint author), Dow Corning Compound Semicond Solut LLC, Midland, MI 48611 USA.
EM gil.chung@dowcorning.com
FU ONR [N00014-05-C-0324]
FX This work was supported in part by ONR Contract #N00014-05-C-0324
(Program Officer: Dr. Colin Wood).
NR 10
TC 0
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U1 0
U2 0
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 600-603
BP 485
EP +
PN 1-2
PG 2
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA BIX26
UT WOS:000263555300116
ER
PT S
AU Klein, PB
Caldwell, JD
Shrivastava, A
Sudarshan, TS
AF Klein, P. B.
Caldwell, J. D.
Shrivastava, Amitesh
Sudarshan, T. S.
BE Suzuki, A
Okumura, H
Kimoto, T
Fuyuki, T
Fukuda, K
Nishizawa, S
TI Variations in the Measured Carrier Lifetimes of n(-) 4H-SiC Epilayers
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2007, PTS 1 AND 2
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY OCT 14-19, 2007
CL Otsu, JAPAN
SP Japan Soc Appl Phys, Assoc Promot Elect, Elect & Informat Engn, Ceram Soc Japan, IEEE EDS, Kansai Chapter, IEEJ, Inst Elect, Informat & Commun Engineers, Japanese Assoc Crystal Growth, Surface Sci Soc Japan, Vacuum Soc Japan
DE carrier lifetime; defects; carrier dynamics; recombination;
photoluminescence; free carrier absorption; microwave photoconductivity
ID SEMICONDUCTORS
AB The effects of measurement technique and measurement conditions (injection level, temperature) on the measured carrier lifetimes in n(-) 4H-SiC epilayers are investigated. For three optical measurement techniques, it is shown that the high and low injection lifetimes can vary dramatically. Differences in the lifetime for varying injection level and temperature are approached both experimentally and via carrier dynamics simulations, assuming Z(1)/Z(2) as the dominant defect. Reasonable agreement between measured and calculated behavior is obtained, as is insight into the recombination kinetics associated with the lifetime limiting defect.
C1 [Klein, P. B.] USN, Res Lab, Code 6877, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Caldwell, J. D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Shrivastava, Amitesh; Sudarshan, T. S.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Elect Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
RP Klein, PB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6877, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM klein@bloch.nrl.navy.mil; jcaldwel@ccs.nrl.navy.mil;
shrivast@engr.sc.edu; sudarsha@engr.sc.edu
RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008
OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168
FU Office of Naval Research
FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research. The
160fEm thick 4H-SiC samples were provided by Cree Inc. through the DARPA
Tri-Service program. We would like to thank A.Y. Polyakov for important
contributions during the initial phase of this work and for some very
helpful discussions. Support for J.D.C. was partially provided by ASEE.
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 600-603
BP 489
EP +
PN 1-2
PG 2
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA BIX26
UT WOS:000263555300117
ER
PT S
AU Chen, Y
Balaji, R
Dudley, M
Murthy, M
Maximenko, S
Freitas, JA
AF Chen, Y.
Balaji, R.
Dudley, M.
Murthy, M.
Maximenko, S.
Freitas, J. A., Jr.
BE Suzuki, A
Okumura, H
Kimoto, T
Fuyuki, T
Fukuda, K
Nishizawa, S
TI Mapping of Defects in Large-Area Silicon Carbide Wafers via
Photoluminescence and its Correlation with Synchrotron White Beam X-ray
Topography
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2007, PTS 1 AND 2
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY OCT 14-19, 2007
CL Otsu, JAPAN
SP Japan Soc Appl Phys, Assoc Promot Elect, Elect & Informat Engn, Ceram Soc Japan, IEEE EDS, Kansai Chapter, IEEJ, Inst Elect, Informat & Commun Engineers, Japanese Assoc Crystal Growth, Surface Sci Soc Japan, Vacuum Soc Japan
DE photoluminescence; defects; synchrotron white beam x-ray topography; low
angle grain boundary
ID STACKING-FAULT FORMATION; DIODES
AB Comparative studies of defect microstructure in 4H-SiC wafers have been carried out using photoluminescence (PL) imaging and grazing-incidence Synchrotron White Beam X-ray Topography. Images of low angle grain boundaries on the PL images correlate well with SWBXT observations, and similar correlation can be established for some micropipe images although the latter is complicated by the overall level of distortion and misorientation associated with the low angle grain boundaries and the fact that many of the micropipes are located in or close to the boundaries. This validation indicates that PL imaging may provide a rapid way of imaging such defect structures in large-scale SiC wafers.
C1 [Chen, Y.; Balaji, R.; Dudley, M.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Murthy, M.] George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA USA.
[Maximenko, S.; Freitas, J. A., Jr.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA.
RP Chen, Y (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
EM yichen1@ic.sunysb.edu; braghoth@notes.cc.sunysb.edu;
mdudley@notes.cc.sunysb.edu; madhu.murthy@nrl.navy.mil;
maximenko@nrl.navy.mil; jaime.freitas@nrl.navy.mil
RI maximenko, serguei/A-7068-2009
FU ONR [N0001140010348, N000140110302, N000140211014]; Dow Corning
Corporation [N0001405C0324, DAAD1701C0081]; NSLS [DE-AC02-76CH00016];
Beamline [XOR-33BM]; Advance Photon Source; Argonne National Laboratory;
U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[W-31-109-ENG-38]; NSF [ECS-0330226]
FX This work is supported in part by ONR grants N0001140010348,
N000140110302 and N000140211014 (contract monitor Dr. Colin Wood) and by
Dow Corning Corporation under contract numbers N0001405C0324 and
DAAD1701C0081. Topography experiments were carried out at the Stony
Brook Synchrotron Topography Facility (Beamline X-19C) at the NSLS
(Contract no. DE-AC02-76CH00016) and Beamline XOR-33BM, Advance Photon
Source, Argonne National Laboratory, which is supported by U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No.
W-31-109-ENG-38. M. Murthy is supported by NSF Award #ECS-0330226.
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 600-603
BP 549
EP +
PN 1-2
PG 2
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA BIX26
UT WOS:000263555300132
ER
PT S
AU Agarwal, A
Burk, A
Callanan, R
Capell, C
Das, M
Haney, S
Hull, B
Jonas, C
O'Loughlin, M
O'Neill, M
Palmour, J
Powell, A
Richmond, J
Ryu, SH
Stahlbush, R
Sumakeris, J
Zhang, J
AF Agarwal, Anant
Burk, Al
Callanan, Robert
Capell, Craig
Das, Mrinal
Haney, Sarah
Hull, Brett
Jonas, Charlotte
O'Loughlin, Michael
O'Neill, Michael
Palmour, John
Powell, Adrian
Richmond, James
Ryu, Sei-Hyung
Stahlbush, Robert
Sumakeris, Joe
Zhang, Jon
BE Suzuki, A
Okumura, H
Kimoto, T
Fuyuki, T
Fukuda, K
Nishizawa, S
TI Critical Technical Issues in High Voltage SiC Power Devices
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2007, PTS 1 AND 2
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY OCT 14-19, 2007
CL Otsu, JAPAN
SP Japan Soc Appl Phys, Assoc Promot Elect, Elect & Informat Engn, Ceram Soc Japan, IEEE EDS, Kansai Chapter, IEEJ, Inst Elect, Informat & Commun Engineers, Japanese Assoc Crystal Growth, Surface Sci Soc Japan, Vacuum Soc Japan
DE High Voltage; Power Devices; MOSFET; BJT; IGBT; GTO; Stacking Fault
AB In this paper, we review the state of the art of SiC switches and the technical issues which remain. Specifically, we will review the progress and remaining challenges associated with SiC power MOSFETs and BJTs. The most difficult issue when fabricating MOSFETs has been an excessive variation in threshold voltage from batch to batch. This difficulty arises due to the fact that the threshold voltage is determined by the difference between two large numbers, namely, a large fixed oxide charge and a large negative charge in the interface traps. There may also be some significant charge captured in the bulk traps in SiC and SiO2. The effect of recombination-induced stacking faults (SFs) on majority carrier mobility has been confirmed with 10 kV Merged PN Schottky (MPS) diodes and MOSFETs. The same SFs have been found to be responsible for degradation of BJTs.
C1 [Agarwal, Anant; Burk, Al; Callanan, Robert; Capell, Craig; Das, Mrinal; Haney, Sarah; Hull, Brett; Jonas, Charlotte; O'Loughlin, Michael; O'Neill, Michael; Palmour, John; Powell, Adrian; Richmond, James; Ryu, Sei-Hyung; Sumakeris, Joe; Zhang, Jon] Cree Inc, 4600 Silicon Dr, Durham, NC 27703 USA.
[Stahlbush, Robert] Naval Res Lab, Code 6881, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Agarwal, A (reprint author), Cree Inc, 4600 Silicon Dr, Durham, NC 27703 USA.
EM anant_agarwal@cree.com
NR 4
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 5
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 600-603
BP 895
EP +
PN 1-2
PG 2
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA BIX26
UT WOS:000263555300215
ER
PT S
AU Imhoff, EA
Hobart, KD
AF Imhoff, Eugene A.
Hobart, Karl D.
BE Suzuki, A
Okumura, H
Kimoto, T
Fuyuki, T
Fukuda, K
Nishizawa, S
TI High-Current 10 kV SiC JBS Rectifier Performance
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2007, PTS 1 AND 2
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY OCT 14-19, 2007
CL Otsu, JAPAN
SP Japan Soc Appl phys, Assoc Promot Elect, Elect & Informat Engn, Ceram Soc Japan, IEEE EDS, Kansai Chapter, IEEJ, Inst Elect, Informat & Commun Engineers, Japanese Assoc Crystal Growth, Surface Sci Soc Japan, Vacuum Soc Japan
DE JBS; rectifier; Schottky; high voltage; high current; reliability
AB Forward and reverse bias performance of 10kV, 10A and 20A junction barrier-controlled Schottky 4H silicon carbide rectifiers are presented. Over a temperature range of 30 to 200 degrees C, the forward current-voltage curves show a normal Schottky rectifier relationship and the reverse current-voltage curves show typical PiN blocking. When operated in reverse-blocking at 125 degrees C and 8kV, the 10A JBS rectifiers are notably stable at less than 5 mu A of leakage current, despite the large active area of the devices.
C1 [Imhoff, Eugene A.; Hobart, Karl D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Imhoff, EA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6881, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM imhoff@nrl.navy.mil; hobart@nrl.navy.mil
NR 3
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 3
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI STAFA-ZURICH
PA LAUBLSRUTISTR 24, CH-8717 STAFA-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 600-603
BP 943
EP 946
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA BIX26
UT WOS:000263555300224
ER
PT S
AU Glembocki, OJ
Caldwell, JD
Mittereder, JA
Calame, JP
Binari, SC
Stahlbush, RE
AF Glembocki, Orest J.
Caldwell, Joshua D.
Mittereder, Jeffrey A.
Calame, Jeffrey P.
Binari, Steven C.
Stahlbush, Robert E.
BE Suzuki, A
Okumura, H
Kimoto, T
Fuyuki, T
Fukuda, K
Nishizawa, S
TI Measurement of Local Temperatures using mu-Raman of SiC and
AlGaN-GaN/SiC Power and RF Devices
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2007, PTS 1 AND 2
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY OCT 14-19, 2007
CL Otsu, JAPAN
SP Japan Soc Appl phys, Assoc Promot Elect, Elect & Informat Engn, Ceram Soc Japan, IEEE EDS, Kansai Chapter, IEEJ, Inst Elect, Informat & Commun Engineers, Japanese Assoc Crystal Growth, Surface Sci Soc Japan, Vacuum Soc Japan
DE mu-Raman temperature measurement; AlGaN/GaN HEMT's; SiC MESTFET's;
4H-SiC; pin diodes; IR temperature measurement
AB Confocal mu-Raman was used to measure the operating temperatures in SiC MESFETS, AlGaN/GaN/SiC HEMT's and 4H-SiC PiN diodes. Temperatures obtained from thermal imaging of the MESFETS compared well with those measured from Raman scattering. Operating temperatures were also obtained for large area PiN diode and it was shown that a single point at the center of the device can be used to measure the average temperature.
C1 [Glembocki, Orest J.; Caldwell, Joshua D.; Mittereder, Jeffrey A.; Calame, Jeffrey P.; Binari, Steven C.; Stahlbush, Robert E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Glembocki, OJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM glembocki@bloch.nrl.navy.mil; joshua.caldwell@nrl.navy.mil;
Mittereder@nrl.navy.mil; Calame@nrl.navy.mil; Binari@nrl.navy.mil;
stahlbush@nrl.navy.mil
RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008
OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168
NR 4
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 4
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI STAFA-ZURICH
PA LAUBLSRUTISTR 24, CH-8717 STAFA-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 600-603
BP 1111
EP 1114
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA BIX26
UT WOS:000263555300266
ER
PT S
AU Ryu, SH
Fatima, H
Haney, S
Zhang, QC
Stahlbush, R
Agarwal, A
AF Ryu, Sei-Hyung
Fatima, Husna
Haney, Sarah
Zhang, Qingchun
Stahlbush, Robert
Agarwal, Anant
BE Suzuki, A
Okumura, H
Kimoto, T
Fuyuki, T
Fukuda, K
Nishizawa, S
TI Effect of Recombination-induced Stacking Faults on Majority Carrier
Conduction and Reverse Leakage Current on 10 kV SIC DMOSFETs
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2007, PTS 1 AND 2
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY OCT 14-19, 2007
CL Otsu, JAPAN
SP Japan Soc Appl Phys, Assoc Promot Elect, Elect & Informat Engn, Ceram Soc Japan, IEEE EDS, Kansai Chapter, IEEJ, Inst Elect, Informat & Commun Engineers, Japanese Assoc Crystal Growth, Surface Sci Soc Japan, Vacuum Soc Japan
DE Stacking Faults; Majority Carrier conduction; Leakage Current; DMOSFET;
BJT
AB This paper presents the effect of recombination-induced stacking faults on the drift based forward conduction and leakage currents of high voltage 4H-SiC power devices. To show the effects, IV characteristics of a 4H-SiC 10 kV DMOSFET and a 4H-SiC 4 kV BJT have been evaluated before and after the induction of stacking faults in the drift epilayer. For both devices, significant increases in forward voltage drops, as well as marked increases in leakage currents have been observed. The results suggest that injection of minority carriers in majority carrier devices should be avoided at all times.
C1 [Ryu, Sei-Hyung; Fatima, Husna; Haney, Sarah; Zhang, Qingchun; Agarwal, Anant] Cree Inc, 3026 E Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Stahlbush, Robert] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Ryu, SH (reprint author), Cree Inc, 3026 E Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM sei-hyung_ryu@cree.com
FU DARPA [N00014-05-C-0202]; ARL CTA
FX The 10 kV MOSFET work was supported by DARPA contract #
N00014-05-C-0202, monitored by Dr. H. Dietrich and Dr. S. Beerman-Curtin
and the 4 kV BJT work was supported by ARL CTA, monitored by Dr. C.
Scozzie.
NR 6
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 600-603
BP 1127
EP +
PN 1-2
PG 2
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA BIX26
UT WOS:000263555300270
ER
PT S
AU Tadjer, MJ
Hobart, KD
Imhoff, EA
Kub, FJ
AF Tadjer, Marko J.
Hobart, Karl D.
Imhoff, Eugene A.
Kub, Fritz J.
BE Suzuki, A
Okumura, H
Kimoto, T
Fuyuki, T
Fukuda, K
Nishizawa, S
TI Temperature and Time Dependent Threshold Voltage Instability in 4H-SiC
Power DMOSFET Devices
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2007, PTS 1 AND 2
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY OCT 14-19, 2007
CL Otsu, JAPAN
SP Japan Soc Appl Phys, Assoc Promot Elect, Elect & Informat Engn, Ceram Soc Japan, IEEE EDS, Kansai Chapter, IEEJ, Inst Elect, Informat & Commun Engineers, Japanese Assoc Crystal Growth, Surface Sci Soc Japan, Vacuum Soc Japan
DE Silicon Carbide; 4H-SiC; Threshold Voltage; DMOSFET; temperature
dependence; time dependence; stress; interface; trap
ID D-V-G; TRAPS
AB Threshold voltage (V-th) was measured on 4H-SiC power DMOSFET devices as a function of temperature, gate stress, and gate stress time. V-th varied linearly with gate stress and gate stress time and inversely with temperature. This instability is explained with the trapping rate of channel electrons at or near the SiO2-SiC interface. Since the measurement scale Of Vth is large in this case (it takes approx. 20 s to measure V-th), it is assumed that fast interface traps, i.e., ones closer to the interface, are already filled and do not contribute to the shift in V-th. Comparison with theoretical calculations shows the rate of carrier detrapping becomes higher with temperature and as a result the measured value of V-th approaches the theoretical value.
C1 [Tadjer, Marko J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 2405 AV Williams Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Hobart, Karl D.; Imhoff, Eugene A.; Kub, Fritz J.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Tadjer, MJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 2405 AV Williams Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM mtadjer@umd.edu; karl.hobart@nrl.navy.mil; eugene.imhoff@nrl.navy.mil;
fritz.kub@nrl.navy.mil
NR 8
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 600-603
BP 1147
EP +
PN 1-2
PG 2
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA BIX26
UT WOS:000263555300275
ER
PT S
AU Hu, J
Xin, XB
Alexandro, P
Zhao, JH
VanMil, BL
Gaskill, DK
Lew, KK
Myers-Ward, R
Eddy, CR
AF Hu, Jun
Xin, Xiaobin
Alexandro, Petre
Zhao, Jian H.
VanMil, Brenda L.
Gaskill, D. Kurt
Lew, Kok-Keong
Myers-Ward, Rachael
Eddy, Charles R., Jr.
BE Suzuki, A
Okumura, H
Kimoto, T
Fuyuki, T
Fukuda, K
Nishizawa, S
TI 4H-SiC Single Photon Avalanche Diode for 280nm UV Applications
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2007, PTS 1 AND 2
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY OCT 14-19, 2007
CL Otsu, JAPAN
SP Japan Soc Appl Phys, Assoc Promot Elect, Elect & Informat Engn, Ceram Soc Japan, IEEE EDS, Kansai Chapter, IEEJ, Inst Elect, Informat & Commun Engineers, Japanese Assoc Crystal Growth, Surface Sci Soc Japan, Vacuum Soc Japan
DE SPAD; single photon detection efficiency; quantum efficiency; and
visible blind
AB This paper reports a 4H-SiC single photo avalanche diode (SPAD) operating at the solar blind wavelength of 280 nm. The SPAD has an avalanche breakdown voltage of 114V. At 90% and 95% of the breakdown voltage, the SPAD shows a low dark Current of 57.2fA and 159fA, respectively. The quantum efficiency of 29.8% at 280nm and <0.007% at 400nm indicates a high UV-to-visible rejection ratio of >4300. Single photon counting measurement at 280nm shows that a single photon detection efficiency of 2.83% with a low dark count rate of 22kHz is achieved at the avalanche breakdown voltage of 116.8V.
C1 [Hu, Jun; Xin, Xiaobin; Zhao, Jian H.] Rutgers State Univ, ECE Dept, SiCLAB, 94 Brett Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Xin, Xiaobin; Alexandro, Petre] United Silicon Carbide Inc, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[VanMil, Brenda L.; Gaskill, D. Kurt; Lew, Kok-Keong; Myers-Ward, Rachael; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Hu, J (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, ECE Dept, SiCLAB, 94 Brett Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
EM junh@ece.rutgers.edu; xinxb@ece.rutgers.edu;
uscalexandrov@unitedsic.com; jzhao@ece.rutgers.edu
FU NSF SBIR [DMI-0521973]
FX Authors at USCI and Rutgers acknowledge financial support provided by
NSF SBIR Award No. DMI-0521973.
NR 4
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 600-603
BP 1203
EP +
PN 1-2
PG 2
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA BIX26
UT WOS:000263555300289
ER
PT S
AU VanMil, BL
Stahlbush, RE
Myers-Ward, RL
Picard, YN
Kitt, SA
McCrate, JM
Katz, SL
Gaskill, DK
Eddy, CR
AF VanMil, B. L.
Stahlbush, R. E.
Myers-Ward, R. L.
Picard, Y. N.
Kitt, S. A.
McCrate, J. M.
Katz, S. L.
Gaskill, D. K.
Eddy, C. R., Jr.
BE PerezTomas, A
Godignon, P
Vellvehi, M
Brosselard, P
TI Basal Plane Dislocation Mitigation in 8 degrees Off-cut 4H-SiC Through
in situ Growth Interrupts During Chemical Vapor Deposition
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2008
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th European Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY SEP 07-11, 2008
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Minist Educ & Cienc, ACCIO, Generalitat Catalunya, ACREO, Aixtron, Cree Inc, Dow Corning, D plus T Microelect, Ion Beam Serv, SiCED, SiCrystal AG
DE basal plane dislocations; growth interrupt; ultraviolet
photoluminescence; Chemical Vapor Deposition; forescattered electron
detection
ID EPITAXY
AB Conversion of basal plane dislocations (BPD) to threading edge dislocations (TED) in 8 degrees off-cut 4H-SiC within ail n(+) buffer layer Would eliminate the nucleation site for Shockley-type stacking faults in active device regions grown oil Such buffer layers. To that end, the propagation and conversion of BPDs through in situ growth interrupts is monitored using ultraviolet photoluminescence (UVPL) wafer mapping. The optimized growth interrupt scheme lasts for 45 minutes with a propane mass flow of 10 seem at growth temperature. This scheme has shown a conversion efficiency of up to 99% for samples with electron (hole) concentrations < 5 x 10(14) cm(-3) (8 x 10(15) cm(-3)). Samples subjected to a 45 or 90 minute interrupt under 10 seem of propane, regardless of conversion efficiency, exhibit a "slit" in the surface morphology associated with each BPD and oriented perpendicular to the off-cut and BPD propagation direction. Repetition of the optimal interrupt sequence with a 5 mu m epilayer spacer grown between the two interrupts resulted in the same conversion efficiency as a single optimal growth interrupt. Incorporation of the optimal interrupt into ail n(+) layer is more complicated as attempts to do so in layers doped with nitrogen to 2 x 10(18), 2 x 10(17) and 2 x 10(16) cm(-3) resulted in conversion efficiencies of similar to 6%.
C1 [VanMil, B. L.; Stahlbush, R. E.; Myers-Ward, R. L.; Picard, Y. N.; Kitt, S. A.; McCrate, J. M.; Katz, S. L.; Gaskill, D. K.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.] USN, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP VanMil, BL (reprint author), USN, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM vanmil@amethystresearch2.com; bob.stahlbush@nrl.navy.mil;
rward@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; yoosuf.picard@nrl.navy.mil;
kurt.gaskill@nrl.navy.mil; feddy@estd.nrl.navy.mil
OI Picard, Yoosuf/0000-0002-2853-5213
NR 12
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 3
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI STAFA-ZURICH
PA LAUBLSRUTISTR 24, CH-8717 STAFA-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 615-617
BP 61
EP 66
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Ceramics;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BJH84
UT WOS:000265961100014
ER
PT S
AU Myers-Ward, RL
Van Mil, BL
Stahlbush, RE
Katz, SL
McCrate, JM
Kitt, SA
Eddy, CR
Gaskill, DK
AF Myers-Ward, R. L.
Van Mil, B. L.
Stahlbush, R. E.
Katz, S. L.
McCrate, J. M.
Kitt, S. A.
Eddy, C. R., Jr.
Gaskill, D. K.
BE PerezTomas, A
Godignon, P
Vellvehi, M
Brosselard, P
TI Turning of Basal Plane Dislocations During Epitaxial Growth on 4 degrees
off-axis 4H-SiC
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2008
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th European Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY SEP 07-11, 2008
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Minist Educ & Cienc, ACCIO, Generalitat Catalunya, ACREO, Aixtron, Cree Inc, Dow Corning, D plus T Microelect, Ion Beam Serv, SiCED, SiCrystal AG
DE 4 degrees off-axis; basal plane dislocations; epitaxy; 4H-SiC
AB Epitaxial layers were grown oil 4 degrees off-axis 4H-SiC substrates by hot-wall chemical vapor deposition. The reduced off-cut angle resulted in lower basal plane dislocation (BPID) densities. The dependence of BPD reduction on growth conditions was investigated using ultraviolet photoluminescence (UVPL) imaging. With this method, it was found that the dislocations were converting to threading edge dislocations throughout the thickness of the film. A high (>= 97%) conversion efficiency was found for all films grown with this orientation. A conversion of 100% was achieved for several films without pre-growth treatments or growth interrupts.
C1 [Myers-Ward, R. L.; Van Mil, B. L.; Stahlbush, R. E.; Katz, S. L.; McCrate, J. M.; Kitt, S. A.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.; Gaskill, D. K.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Myers-Ward, RL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM rward@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; bvanmil@ccs.nrl.navy.mil;
bob.stahlbush@nrl.navy.mil; eddy@estd.nrl.navy.mil;
kurt.gaskill@nrl.navy.mil
NR 9
TC 40
Z9 40
U1 0
U2 2
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 615-617
BP 105
EP 108
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Ceramics;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BJH84
UT WOS:000265961100024
ER
PT S
AU VanMil, BL
Myers-Ward, RL
Tedesco, JL
Eddy, CR
Jernigan, GG
Culbertson, JC
Campbell, PM
McCrate, JM
Kitt, SA
Gaskill, DK
AF VanMil, B. L.
Myers-Ward, R. L.
Tedesco, J. L.
Eddy, C. R., Jr.
Jernigan, G. G.
Culbertson, J. C.
Campbell, P. M.
McCrate, J. M.
Kitt, S. A.
Gaskill, D. K.
BE PerezTomas, A
Godignon, P
Vellvehi, M
Brosselard, P
TI Graphene Formation on SiC Substrates
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2008
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th European Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY SEP 07-11, 2008
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Minist Educ & Cienc, ACCIO, Generalitat Catalunya, ACREO, Aixtron, Cree Inc, Dow Corning, D plus T Microelect, Ion Beam Serv, SiCED, SiCrystal AG
DE graphene; SiC substrates; Si-face; C-face; growth conditions;
morphology; Hall measurements; Raman spectroscopy
ID SILICON-CARBIDE; GRAPHITE
AB Graphene layers were created on both C and Si faces of semi-insulating, on-axis, 4H- and 6H-SiC substrates. The process was performed under high vacuum (<10(-4) mbar) in a commercial chemical vapor deposition SiC reactor. A method for H(2) etching the oil-axis Substrates was developed to produce surface steps with heights of 0.5 nm oil the Si-face and 1.0 to 1.5 nm on the C-face for each polytype. A process was developed to form graphene Oil the Substrates immediately after H(2) etching and Raman spectroscopy of these samples confirmed the formation of graphene. The morphology of the graphene is described. For both faces, the underlying substrate morphology was significantly modified during graphene formation; surface steps were up to 15 run high and the uniform step morphology was sometimes lost. Mobilities and sheet carrier concentrations derived from Hall Effect measurements oil large area (16 mm square) and small area (2 and 10 mu m square) samples are presented and shown to compare favorably to recent reports.
C1 [VanMil, B. L.; Myers-Ward, R. L.; Tedesco, J. L.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.; Jernigan, G. G.; Culbertson, J. C.; Campbell, P. M.; McCrate, J. M.; Kitt, S. A.; Gaskill, D. K.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP VanMil, BL (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM vanmil@amethystresearch2.com; rward@ccs.nrl.navy.mil;
tedesco@estd.nrl.navy.mil; eddy@estd.nrl.navy.mil;
glenn.jernigan@nrl.navy.mil; jim.culbertson@nrl.navy.mil;
paul.campbell@nrl.navy.mil; kurt.gaskill@nrl.navy.mil
NR 6
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 10
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI STAFA-ZURICH
PA LAUBLSRUTISTR 24, CH-8717 STAFA-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 615-617
BP 211
EP 214
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Ceramics;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BJH84
UT WOS:000265961100050
ER
PT S
AU Shrivastava, A
Klein, PB
Glaser, ER
Caldwell, JD
Bolotnikov, AV
Sudarshan, TS
AF Shrivastava, A.
Klein, P. B.
Glaser, E. R.
Caldwell, J. D.
Bolotnikov, A. V.
Sudarshan, T. S.
BE PerezTomas, A
Godignon, P
Vellvehi, M
Brosselard, P
TI Long Carrier Lifetime in 4H-SiC Epilayers using Chlorinated Precursors
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2008
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th European Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY SEP 07-11, 2008
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Minist Educ & Cienc, ACCIO, Generalitat Catalunya, ACREO, Aixtron, Cree Inc, Dow Corning, D plus T Microelect, Ion Beam Serv, SiCED, SiCrystal AG
DE 4H-SiC; epilayers; carrier lifetime; Silane; dichlorosilane;
photoluminescence (PL)
ID PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; DEFECTS
AB In this work we report the measurement of minority carrier lifetimes using the time resolved photoluminescence technique. It was found that 4H-SiC homo-epilayers grown using chlorine-based precursors have longer carrier lifetimes if used in conjunction with a tantalum carbide coated (TaC-coated) graphite susceptor rather than a SiC-coated graphite susceptor. Longer carrier lifetimes were obtained by optimal combinations of precursor gases and susceptor type. The controllable variation in lifetime from 250 ns to 9.9 mu s was demonstrated.
C1 [Shrivastava, A.; Bolotnikov, A. V.; Sudarshan, T. S.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Elect Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Klein, P. B.; Glaser, E. R.; Caldwell, J. D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Shrivastava, A (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Elect Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
EM shrivast@engr.sc.edu; klein@bloch.nrl.navy.mil; glaser@nrl.navy.mil;
joshua.caldwell@nrl.navy.mil; bolotnik@engr.sc.edu; sudarsha@engr.sc.edu
RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008
OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168
NR 6
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI STAFA-ZURICH
PA LAUBLSRUTISTR 24, CH-8717 STAFA-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 615-617
BP 291
EP 294
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Ceramics;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BJH84
UT WOS:000265961100069
ER
PT S
AU Eddy, CR
Wu, P
Zwieback, I
VanMil, BL
Myers-Ward, RL
Tedesco, JL
Souzis, AE
Gaskill, DK
AF Eddy, C. R., Jr.
Wu, P.
Zwieback, I.
VanMil, B. L.
Myers-Ward, R. L.
Tedesco, J. L.
Souzis, A. E.
Gaskill, D. K.
BE PerezTomas, A
Godignon, P
Vellvehi, M
Brosselard, P
TI Microhardness of 6H-and 4H-SiC Substrates
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2008
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th European Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY SEP 07-11, 2008
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Minist Educ & Cienc, ACCIO, Generalitat Catalunya, ACREO, Aixtron, Cree Inc, Dow Corning, D plus T Microelect, Ion Beam Serv, SiCED, SiCrystal AG
DE microhardness; substrates; 4H; 6H
ID SILICON-CARBIDE; ANISOTROPY
AB Knoop microhardness assessments were conducted on a variety of 6H- and 4H-SiC substrates to assess any appreciable differences that may need to be considered in wafer manufacture and general application. Nitrogen-doped, vanadium-doped and unintentionally doped (UID) substrates with both on-axis and 8 degrees off-axis orientations were assessed. In general, the Knoop hardness values fell in the 2000 to 2500 kg/mm(2) range (equivalent to approximately 20 to 25 GPa). Hardness values measured in the < 1100 > crystal direction were significantly higher than in the < 11-20 > direction. Undoped and vanadium-doped samples were harder than nitrogen-doped samples. For both 6H and 4H nitrogen-doped samples, the hardness was as much as 10% higher for 8 degrees offcut wafers than for on-axis.
C1 [Eddy, C. R., Jr.; VanMil, B. L.; Myers-Ward, R. L.; Tedesco, J. L.; Gaskill, D. K.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Wu, P.; Zwieback, I.; Souzis, A. E.] II VI Inc, Pine Brook, NJ 07058 USA.
RP Eddy, CR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6882,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM chip.eddy@nrl.navy.mil; pwu@ii-vi.com; izwieback@ii-vi.com;
vanmil@amethystresearch2.com; rward@ccs.nrl.navy.mil;
tedesco@estd.nrl.navy.mil; asouzis@ii-vi.com; gaskill@estd.nrl.navy.mil
NR 7
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI STAFA-ZURICH
PA LAUBLSRUTISTR 24, CH-8717 STAFA-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 615-617
BP 323
EP 326
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Ceramics;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BJH84
UT WOS:000265961100077
ER
PT S
AU Picard, YN
Locke, C
Frewin, CL
Twigg, ME
Saddow, SE
AF Picard, Yoosuf N.
Locke, Christopher
Frewin, Christopher L.
Twigg, Mark E.
Saddow, Stephen E.
BE PerezTomas, A
Godignon, P
Vellvehi, M
Brosselard, P
TI Crystalline Quality and Surface Morphology of 3C-SiC Films on Si
Evaluated by Electron Channeling Contrast Imaging
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2008
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th European Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY SEP 07-11, 2008
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Minist Educ & Cienc, ACCIO, Generalitat Catalunya, ACREO, Aixtron, Cree Inc, Dow Corning, D plus T Microelect, Ion Beam Serv, SiCED, SiCrystal AG
DE 3C-SiC; dislocations; CVD; ECCI; EBSD; SEM
AB Electron channeling contrast imaging (ECCI) has been utilized to evaluate the surface morphology and crystalline quality of 3C-SiC films grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on (100) and (111) Si substrates. ECCI in this study was performed using an electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) system equipped with forescatter diode detectors and mounted inside a commercial scanning electron microscope (SEM). This nondestructive method permits direct dislocation imaging through local fluctuations in forescattered electron yield attributable to lattice strain. Coordinated ECCI. SEM, and EBSD analysis of Film surfaces allowed correlations between film orientation, surface morphology, and dislocation behavior. Evidence of lateral dislocations parallel to < 110 > directions and atomic step pinning by dislocations was observed.
C1 [Picard, Yoosuf N.; Twigg, Mark E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Locke, Christopher; Frewin, Christopher L.; Saddow, Stephen E.] Univ S Florida, Dept Elect Engn, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
RP Picard, YN (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM yoosuf.picard@nrl.navy.mil; clocke@mail.usf.edu; clfrewin@mail.usf.edu;
mark.twigg@nrl.navy.mil; saddow@ieee.org
OI Picard, Yoosuf/0000-0002-2853-5213
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI STAFA-ZURICH
PA LAUBLSRUTISTR 24, CH-8717 STAFA-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 615-617
BP 435
EP 438
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Ceramics;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BJH84
UT WOS:000265961100104
ER
PT S
AU Imhoff, E
Kub, F
Hobart, K
AF Imhoff, Eugene
Kub, Fritz
Hobart, Karl
BE PerezTomas, A
Godignon, P
Vellvehi, M
Brosselard, P
TI Grayscale Junction Termination for High-Voltage SiC Devices
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2008
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th European Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY SEP 07-11, 2008
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Minist Educ & Cienc, ACCIO, Generalitat Catalunya, ACREO, Aixtron, Cree Inc, Dow Corning, D plus T Microelect, Ion Beam Serv, SiCED, SiCrystal AG
DE junction termination extension; JTE; high-voltage; photolithography;
grayscale
AB IN silicon carbide devices used above around 2.4 kV effective anode edge termination usually requires a high-resolution Mating guard ring implant or multiple lithography/implant cycles to effect a multi-zone junction termination extension. In general the goal is to produce a smoothly tapered field profile to prevent high-voltage field-crowding that Causes premature breakdown at the edge of the high voltage electrode. Using a much simpler grayscale photolithographic technique and a single termination implant, we directly produce the desired tapered doping profile. The effectiveness of this termination is shown by the near-ideal (6.1 kV) breakdown measured ill PiN diodes made with a 38 mu m intrinsic layer. The simple method is applicable to the fabrication of many high-voltage devices.
C1 [Imhoff, Eugene; Kub, Fritz; Hobart, Karl] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Imhoff, E (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM eugene.imhoff@nrl.navy.mil
NR 2
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI STAFA-ZURICH
PA LAUBLSRUTISTR 24, CH-8717 STAFA-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 615-617
BP 691
EP 694
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Ceramics;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BJH84
UT WOS:000265961100167
ER
PT S
AU Veliadis, V
Hearne, H
Stewart, EJ
Caldwell, JD
Snook, M
McNutt, T
Potyraj, P
Scozzie, C
AF Veliadis, Victor
Hearne, Harold
Stewart, Eric J.
Caldwell, Joshua D.
Snook, Megan
McNutt, Ty
Potyraj, Paul
Scozzie, Charles
BE PerezTomas, A
Godignon, P
Vellvehi, M
Brosselard, P
TI Effect of Bipolar Gate-to-drain Current on the Electrical Properties of
Vertical Junction Field Effect Transistors
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2008
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th European Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY SEP 07-11, 2008
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Minist Educ & Cienc, ACCIO, Generalitat Catalunya, ACREO, Aixtron, Cree Inc, Dow Corning, D plus T Microelect, Ion Beam Serv, SiCED, SiCrystal AG
DE silicon carbide; stacking faults; reliability; power JFETs; stressing;
degradation; annealing; stacking fault shrinking
ID CASCODE
AB Electron-hole recombination-induced stacking faults have been shown to degrade the I-V characteristics of SiC power p-n diodes and DMOSFETs with thick drift epitaxial layers. In this paper, we investigate the effect of bipolar gate-to-drain Current on vertical-channel JFETs. The devices have n(-) drift epitaxial layers of 12-mu m and 100-mu m thicknesses, and were stressed at a Fixed gate-to-drain current density of 100 A/cm(2) for 500 hrs and 5 hrs, respectively. Significant gate-to-drain and on-state conduction current degradations were observed after stressing the 100-mu m drift VJFET. Annealing at 350 degrees C reverses the stress induced degradations. After 500 hours of stressing,. the gate-to-source, gate-to-drain, and blocking voltage characteristics of the 12-mu m VJFET remain unaffected. However, the on-state drain Current was 79% of its pro-stress value. Annealing at 350 degrees C has no impact on the post-stress on-state drain Current of the 12-mu m VJFET. This leads us 10 attribute the degradation to a "burn-in" effect.
C1 [Veliadis, Victor; Hearne, Harold; Stewart, Eric J.; Snook, Megan; McNutt, Ty; Potyraj, Paul] Northrop Grumman Elect Syst, Linthicum, MD 21090 USA.
[Caldwell, Joshua D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Scozzie, Charles] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA.
RP Veliadis, V (reprint author), Northrop Grumman Elect Syst, 1212 Winterson Rd, Linthicum, MD 21090 USA.
EM victor.veliadis@ngc.com; harold.hearne@ngc.com; eric.j.stewart@ngc.com;
joshua.caldwell@nrl.navy.mil; megan.snook@ngc.com; ty.mcnutt@ngc.com;
gpaul.potyraj@ngc.com; sscozzie@arl.army.mil
RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008
OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168
NR 11
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI STAFA-ZURICH
PA LAUBLSRUTISTR 24, CH-8717 STAFA-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 615-617
BP 719
EP 722
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Ceramics;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BJH84
UT WOS:000265961100174
ER
PT S
AU Zhang, JH
Fursin, L
Li, XQ
Wang, XH
Zhao, JH
VanMil, BL
Myers-Ward, RL
Eddy, CR
Gaskill, DK
AF Zhang, Jianhui
Fursin, Leonid
Li, Xueqing
Wang, Xiaohui
Zhao, Jian H.
VanMil, Brenda L.
Myers-Ward, Rachael L.
Eddy, Charles R., Jr.
Gaskill, D. Kurt
BE PerezTomas, A
Godignon, P
Vellvehi, M
Brosselard, P
TI 4H-SiC Bipolar Junction Transistors with Graded Base Doping Profile
SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2008
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th European Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials
CY SEP 07-11, 2008
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Minist Educ & Cienc, ACCIO, Generalitat Catalunya, ACREO, Aixtron, Cree Inc, Dow Corning, D plus T Microelect, Ion Beam Serv, SiCED, SiCrystal AG
DE bipolar junction transistor; power transistor; high voltage; low
specific on-resistance; graded doping
ID HIGH-CURRENT-GAIN; CENTER-DOT CM(2); 1600 V
AB This work reports 4H-SiC bipolar junction transistor (BJT) results based upon Our first intentionally graded base BJT wafer with both base and emitter epi-layers Continuously grown in the same reactor. The 4H-SiC BJTs were designed to improve the common emitter current gain through the built-in electrical fields originating from the grading of the base doping. Continuously-grown epi-layers are also believed to be the key to increasing carrier lifetime and high Current gains. The 4H-SiC BJT wafer was grown in an Aixtron/Epigress VP508, a horizontal hot-wall chemical vapor deposition reactor using standard silane/propane chemistry and nitrogen and aluminum dopants. High performance 4H-SiC BJTs based oil this initial non-optimized graded base doping have been demonstrated, including a 4H-SiC BJT with a DC Current gain of similar to 33, specific on resistance of 2.9 m Omega.cm(2) and blocking voltage V(CEO) of over 1000 V.
C1 [Zhang, Jianhui; Fursin, Leonid; Li, Xueqing; Wang, Xiaohui] United Silicon Carbide Inc, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Zhao, Jian H.] Rutgers State Univ, SiCLAB, ECE Dept, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[VanMil, Brenda L.; Myers-Ward, Rachael L.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.; Gaskill, D. Kurt] USN, Res Lab, Adv SiC Epitaxial Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Zhang, JH (reprint author), United Silicon Carbide Inc, 100 Jersey Ave,Box A10,Bldg A,Suite 208, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
EM zhangusci@gmail.com; jzhao@ece.rutgers.edu; gaskill@estd.nrl.navy.mil
NR 8
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI STAFA-ZURICH
PA LAUBLSRUTISTR 24, CH-8717 STAFA-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2009
VL 615-617
BP 829
EP 832
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Ceramics;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA BJH84
UT WOS:000265961100201
ER
PT S
AU Mittal, R
Hudson, DS
Reiprich, TH
Clarke, T
AF Mittal, Rupal
Hudson, Daniel S.
Reiprich, Thomas H.
Clarke, Tracy
BE Ferrando, P
Rodriguez, J
TI Scrutinizing the AGN Heating Mechanism in Galaxy Clusters
SO SIMBOL-X: FOCUSING ON THE HARD X-RAY UNIVERSE
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd International Simbol-X Symposium
CY DEC 02-05, 2008
CL Paris, FRANCE
SP CNES, ASI, CEA, CNRS, Univ Paris, GDR-PCHE, IN2P3, CESR
ID SAMPLE
AB We carried out an intensive study of the AGN heating - intracluster medium (ICM) cooling network by comparing various cluster parameters to the integrated radio luminosity of the central AGN, L-R. This study is based on the HIFLUGCS sample comprising the 64 X-ray brightest galaxy clusters. Based on the central cooling time, t(cool), we classify clusters with t(cool) < 1 Gyr as strong cool-core (SCC) clusters, with 1 Gyr < t(cool) < 7.7 Gyr as weak cool-core (WCC) clusters and with t(cool) > 7.7 Gyr as non-cool-core (NCC) clusters. We find 48 out of 64 clusters contain cluster center radio sources (CCRS). Furthermore, we find that the probability of finding a CCRS increases from 45% to 67% to 100% for NCC, WCC, and SCC clusters, respectively.
We find that L-R in SCC clusters depends strongly on the cluster scale such that more massive clusters harbor more powerful radio AGN. The same trend is observed between L-R and the classical mass deposition rate, M-classical. We also perform correlations of the luminosity for the brightest cluster galaxy, L-BCG, in all 64 clusters. Using the near-infrared bulge luminosity-black hole mass relation to convert L-BCG to supermassive black hole mass, M-BH, we find a weak correlation between M-BH and L-R for SCC clusters, although with a few outliers. We find an excellent correlation of L-BCG with the cluster virial mass, M-500, and cluster luminosity, L-X, for the entire sample, the SCC clusters showing a tighter trend in both the cases.
C1 [Mittal, Rupal; Hudson, Daniel S.; Reiprich, Thomas H.] Argelander Inst Astron, Hugel 71, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
[Clarke, Tracy] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Mittal, R (reprint author), Argelander Inst Astron, Hugel 71, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) through the Schwerpunkt Program
1177 [RE 1462/4]; DFG through the Emmy Noether research [RE 1462/2]; 6.1
Base funding; National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the
National Science Foundation
FX The authors want to thank Heinz Andemach for providing information on
the initial BCG search positions for 2MASS. R. M. acknowledges support
from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) through the Schwerpunkt
Program 1177 (RE 1462/4). T. H. R and D. S. H. acknowledge support from
the DFG through the Emmy Noether research grant RE 1462/2. Basic
research in radio astronomy at the NRL is supported by 6.1 Base funding.
This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky
Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and
the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of
Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
and the National Science Foundation. This research has made use of the
NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under
contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We
acknowledge the usage of the HyperLeda database
(http://leda.univ-lyonl.fr).
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0662-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2009
VL 1126
BP 286
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BJM09
UT WOS:000266785900069
ER
PT J
AU Hur, P
Yang, J
Han, S
Yoo, B
AF Hur, Pilwon
Yang, Jeongsam
Han, Soonhung
Yoo, Byounghyun
TI An Underwater Vehicle Simulator with Immersive Interface using X3D and
HLA
SO SIMULATION-TRANSACTIONS OF THE SOCIETY FOR MODELING AND SIMULATION
INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE high level architecture; modeling and simulation; motion chair;
multichannel; extensible; 3D (X3D) graphics
AB Training war fighters how to maneuver a submarine is very important, but the use of real submarines in such training is expensive and hindered by regional and temporal limitations. Modeling and simulation (M&S) can be a good alternative to costly training. However, the use of existing M&S for submarines has limitations. For instance, the commercial software and hardware need to be kept in a secure place. Depending on the location of the protected software, war fighters may travel far and take a considerable amount of time to get to these places. Long-distance travel also means they have a limited amount of time to train on the M&S machines. Furthermore, many types of M&S have only a one-channel display system, which reduces immersiveness. Another problem is that few heterogeneous simulators can be used as an integrated system. One solution to these problems involves the use of extensible 3D (X3D) graphics, a platform-independent and open standard graphic file format, which can be used with general purpose PCs. The immersiveness is increased by means of a multichannel display system and a motion chair. Finally, the individual components of a simulator can be integrated with the high level architecture and run time infrastructure (HLA/RTI). We demonstrate the proposed method through experiments with an underwater vehicle simulator.
C1 [Hur, Pilwon] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL USA.
[Yang, Jeongsam] Ajou Univ, Div Ind & Informat Syst Engn, Suwon 443749, South Korea.
[Han, Soonhung] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Taejon, South Korea.
[Yoo, Byounghyun] USN, Postgrad Sch, Modeling Virtual Environm & Simulat Inst, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Hur, P (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL USA.
EM jyang@ajou.ac.kr
RI Han, Soonhung/C-2030-2011; Yoo, Byounghyun/C-8404-2009
OI Han, Soonhung/0000-0001-5676-8121; Yoo, Byounghyun/0000-0001-9299-349X
FU Ajou University, Korea [20083830]
FX This work was partially supported by Ajou University, Korea, through
project no. 20083830.
NR 22
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0037-5497
J9 SIMUL-T SOC MOD SIM
JI Simul.-Trans. Soc. Model. Simul. Int.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 85
IS 1
BP 33
EP 44
DI 10.1177/0037549708101180
PG 12
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science,
Software Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 403BT
UT WOS:000263057500004
ER
PT S
AU Doty, MF
Scheibner, M
Bracker, AS
Gammon, D
AF Doty, Matthew F.
Scheibner, Michael
Bracker, Allan S.
Gammon, Daniel
BE Michler, P
TI Optical Spectroscopy of Spins in Coupled Quantum Dots
SO SINGLE SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOTS
SE Nanoscience and Technology
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID SEMICONDUCTOR NANOSTRUCTURES; MAGNETIC-FIELD; GROWTH; MANIPULATION;
MOLECULES; ISLANDS; STATES; HOLES
AB Vertically stacked pairs of quantum dots can be coupled together by the tunneling of either electrons or holes. Such pairs of coupled dots provide a unique opportunity to study the interactions between spills. We review experimentally measured spectra of coupled quantum dots and explain the interactions that give rise to the spin fine structure. The formation of molecular states through tunnel coupling also leads to unique properties for spills confined in these molecular states. We review and explain resonant changes in the single-spin g factor for holes in the molecular states of coupled quantum dots. The orbital character of molecular states is determined by spin-orbit interactions.
C1 [Doty, Matthew F.] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Scheibner, Michael; Bracker, Allan S.; Gammon, Daniel] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Doty, MF (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
EM doty@udel.edu; scheibner@bloch.nrl.navy.mil; bracker@bloch.nrl.navy.mil;
gammon@nrl.navy.mil
NR 63
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 1434-4904
BN 978-3-540-87445-4
J9 NANOSCI TECHNOL
PY 2009
BP 331
EP 366
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-87446-1_10
D2 10.1007/978-3-540-87446-1
PG 36
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics
GA BKX08
UT WOS:000269516700010
ER
PT J
AU Coddington, N
Carr, W
Picchioni, D
Horovitz, SG
Fukunaga, M
Duyn, JH
Braun, AR
Balkin, TJ
AF Coddington, N.
Carr, W.
Picchioni, D.
Horovitz, S. G.
Fukunaga, M.
Duyn, J. H.
Braun, A. R.
Balkin, T. J.
TI ACTIVATION DIFFERENCES DURING ASCENDING AND DESCENDING TRENDS IN A-WAVE
POWER WHILE SLEEPING
SO SLEEP
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 23rd Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies
CY JUN 06-11, 2009
CL Seattle, WA
SP Associated Profess Sleep Soc
C1 [Coddington, N.] Thomas Jefferson High Sch Sci & Technol, Alexandria, VA USA.
[Coddington, N.; Carr, W.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MI USA.
[Carr, W.; Picchioni, D.; Braun, A. R.] Natl Inst Deafness & Other Commun Disorders, Bethesda, MD USA.
[Picchioni, D.; Balkin, T. J.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Horovitz, S. G.; Fukunaga, M.; Duyn, J. H.] Natl Inst Neurol Disorders & Stroke, Bethesda, MD USA.
RI Duyn, Jozef/F-2483-2010
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE
PI WESTCHESTER
PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CTR, STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA
SN 0161-8105
J9 SLEEP
JI Sleep
PY 2009
VL 32
MA 0061
BP A20
EP A20
PG 1
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 438FT
UT WOS:000265542000063
ER
PT J
AU Picchioni, D
Horovitz, SG
Fukunaga, M
Carr, WS
Balkin, TJ
Duyn, JH
Braun, AR
AF Picchioni, D.
Horovitz, S. G.
Fukunaga, M.
Carr, W. S.
Balkin, T. J.
Duyn, J. H.
Braun, A. R.
TI HOW SLOW CAN YOU GO? UNIQUE FMRI CORRELATIONS WITH EEG ACTIVITY BELOW
0.1 HZ DURING SLEEP
SO SLEEP
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 23rd Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies
CY JUN 06-11, 2009
CL Seattle, WA
SP Associated Profess Sleep Soc
C1 [Picchioni, D.; Balkin, T. J.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Horovitz, S. G.; Fukunaga, M.; Duyn, J. H.; Braun, A. R.] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Carr, W. S.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RI Duyn, Jozef/F-2483-2010; Fukunaga, Masaki/F-6441-2013
OI Fukunaga, Masaki/0000-0003-1010-2644
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE
PI WESTCHESTER
PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CTR, STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA
SN 0161-8105
J9 SLEEP
JI Sleep
PY 2009
VL 32
MA 0033
BP A11
EP A11
PG 1
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 438FT
UT WOS:000265542000035
ER
PT B
AU Dutton, Z
Bashkansky, M
Steiner, M
AF Dutton, Zachary
Bashkansky, Mark
Steiner, Michael
BE Khurgin, JB
Tucker, RS
TI Application of Slow Light to Phased Array Radar Beam Steering
SO SLOW LIGHT: SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS
SE Optical Science and Engineering-CRC
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID TRUE-TIME-DELAY; LINE
C1 [Dutton, Zachary] BBN Syst & Technol Corp, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Bashkansky, Mark] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Dutton, Z (reprint author), BBN Syst & Technol Corp, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4200-6151-2
J9 OPT SCI ENG-CRC
PY 2009
VL 140
BP 367
EP 379
PG 13
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied; Physics,
Particles & Fields
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BJU13
UT WOS:000267161300018
ER
PT B
AU Aktas, E
Seaver, M
Nichols, JM
Trickey, ST
AF Aktas, Engin
Seaver, Mark
Nichols, Jonathan M.
Trickey, Stephen T.
GP ASME
TI Quantitative Detection of Low Energy Impact Damage in a Sandwich
Composite UAV Wing
SO SMASIS 2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME CONFERENCE ON SMART MATERIALS,
ADAPTIVE STRUCTURES AND INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS - 2008, VOL 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent
Systems
CY OCT 28-30, 2008
CL Ellicot, MD
SP ASME, Nanotechnol Inst
AB This work describes damage detection efforts applied to a foam core composite wing following a series of low energy impacts in adjacent locations. The wing is a sandwich composite, composed of 4 layers of woven carbon fiber fabric surrounding a short aluminum core in the center (where it's connected to the fuselage) and a foam core for the outer portions of the wing. The wing measures 1320 mm. X 152.4 mm. X 13.4 mm and has an airfoil cross-section. Thirteen impacts (6 - 8 J deposited energy) were applied at adjacent locations approximately 1/3 of the way out from the center. Following one or two impacts, the wing was tested using static tip deflection and dynamic vibrational excitation. Static and dynamic strains were measured using 8 fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors. Dynamic acceleration was also monitored using 3 conventional accelerometers. Dynamic excitation included the output of a Lorenz oscillator (0 - similar to 150 Hz), simulated gust loading (0 - 150 Hz), and Gaussian white noise (0 - 1500 Hz). The analysis is a quantitative assessment of response nonlinearity based on the assumption that the undamaged wing behaves linearly and that the damage introduces nonlinearity into the vibrational response.
C1 [Aktas, Engin; Seaver, Mark; Nichols, Jonathan M.; Trickey, Stephen T.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Aktas, E (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5673, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4332-1
PY 2009
BP 13
EP 19
PG 7
WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence;
Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials
Science, Biomaterials
SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering; Materials
Science
GA BJE71
UT WOS:000265213800003
ER
PT B
AU Qidwai, MAS
DeGiorgi, VG
AF Qidwai, M. A. Siddiq
DeGiorgi, V. G.
GP ASME
TI EFFECT OF CRYSTAL ORIENTATION ON POLARIZATION IN PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIALS
SO SMASIS2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME CONFERENCE ON SMART MATERIALS,
ADAPTIVE STRUCTURES AND INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS - 2008, VOL 1
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent
Systems
CY OCT 28-30, 2008
CL Ellicot, MD
SP ASME, Nanotechnol Inst
ID FERROELECTRICS; STRAIN
AB This work highlights the computational application of a nonlinear constitutive model to determine the impact of crystal orientation with respect to both initial poling direction and applied electrical fields. Misalignment between material axes and loading axes can occur during the fabrication process and may exhibit desirable performance feature for actuator design. The analysis showed that small angles of loading and material axes misalignment such as may occur in fabrication (less than 5 degrees) have minor impact on material performance, and that the liner response range of these materials can be expanded by increased levels of constraint at the cost of maximum actuation strain. For larger angles, variations in loading and material axes misalignment angles can have a significant impact on performance.
C1 [Qidwai, M. A. Siddiq] USN, Res Lab, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Qidwai, MAS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Code 6350 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4331-4
PY 2009
BP 339
EP 347
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Mechanical;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Materials Science
GA BJE63
UT WOS:000265211900042
ER
PT B
AU Gorzkowski, EP
DeGiorgi, VG
Pan, MJ
Wimmer, SA
Qidwai, MAS
AF Gorzkowski, E. P.
DeGiorgi, V. G.
Pan, M. -J.
Wimmer, S. A.
Qidwai, M. A. Siddiq
GP ASME
TI SINGLE CRYSTAL PMN-PT ELECTRIC FATIGUE AND FRACTURE BEHAVIOR
SO SMASIS2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME CONFERENCE ON SMART MATERIALS,
ADAPTIVE STRUCTURES AND INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS - 2008, VOL 1
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent
Systems
CY OCT 28-30, 2008
CL Ellicot, MD
SP ASME, Nanotechnol Inst
AB Piezoelectric single crystals are being incorporated into many new devices because of the superior properties they exhibit. Not much attention has been paid to the mechanical robustness of these materials. In this work the fracture and fatigue behavior of Pb(Mg(1/3)Nb(2/3))O(3)-29 mol% PbTiO(3) (PMN-29PT) is studied. Vickers indentation result show that the K(IC) of this material is 0.3 MPa m(1/2). Intentional defects from the indentation show that the < 100 > direction is the weakest direction and that electrical fatigue is fastest in the < 100 > direction. By looking at the hysteresis behavior of this material before and after the fatigue runs, the material ages over time.
C1 [Gorzkowski, E. P.; DeGiorgi, V. G.; Pan, M. -J.; Wimmer, S. A.] USN, Multifunct Mat Branch, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Gorzkowski, EP (reprint author), USN, Multifunct Mat Branch, Res Lab, Code 6350,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4331-4
PY 2009
BP 535
EP 538
PG 4
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Mechanical;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Materials Science
GA BJE63
UT WOS:000265211900065
ER
PT J
AU Hendrickx, R
Borm, P
Van den Brink, R
Owen, G
AF Hendrickx, Ruud
Borm, Peter
Van den Brink, Rene
Owen, Guillermo
TI The VL control measure for symmetric networks
SO SOCIAL NETWORKS
LA English
DT Article
DE Network; Control measure; Search probabilities; Cooperative network
game; Proper Shapley Value; Matrix search game
ID GAME-THEORETIC APPROACH; SOCIAL NETWORKS; CENTRALITY; POWER; CORE
AB In this paper we measure "control" of nodes in a network by solving an associated optimisation problem. We motivate this so-called VL control measure by giving an interpretation in terms of allocating resources optimally to the nodes in order to maximise some search probability. We determine the VL control measure for various classes of networks. Furthermore, we provide two game theoretic interpretations of this measure. First it turns out that the VL control measure is a particular proper Shapley value of the associated cooperative network game. Secondly, we relate the measure to optimal strategies in an associated matrix search game. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hendrickx, Ruud; Borm, Peter] Tilburg Univ, Ctr Econometr & Operat Res, Tilburg, Netherlands.
[Hendrickx, Ruud; Borm, Peter] Tilburg Univ, Dept Econometr & Operat Res, Tilburg, Netherlands.
[Van den Brink, Rene] Free Univ Amsterdam, Dept Econometr, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Van den Brink, Rene] Free Univ Amsterdam, Tinbergen Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Owen, Guillermo] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Math, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Hendrickx, R (reprint author), Tilburg Univ, Ctr Econometr & Operat Res, Tilburg, Netherlands.
EM ruud@uvt.nl
NR 21
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-8733
J9 SOC NETWORKS
JI Soc. Networks
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 31
IS 1
BP 85
EP 91
DI 10.1016/j.socnet.2008.10.004
PG 7
WC Anthropology; Sociology
SC Anthropology; Sociology
GA 395TY
UT WOS:000262547600009
ER
PT S
AU Pomfret, MB
Steinhurst, DA
Kidwell, DA
Owrutsky, JC
AF Pomfret, Michael B.
Steinhurst, Daniel A.
Kidwell, David A.
Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.
BE Singhal, SC
Yokokawa, H
TI Near-Infrared Imaging of SOFCs with Methane and Propane Fuels
SO SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS 11 (SOFC-XI)
SE ECS Transactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 11th International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC)
CY OCT 04-09, 2009
CL Vienna, AUSTRIA
SP Electrochem Soc, Inc, High Temp Mat Div, Electrochem Soc, Inc, Battery Div, Electrochem Soc, Inc, Energy Technol Div, SOFC Soc Japan, Electrochem Soc, Inc, Dokiya Mem Fund, Plansee SE, Staxera GmbH, Ningbo Inst Mat Technol & Engn
ID IN-SITU RAMAN; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; CELLS; SPECTROSCOPY; ANODES;
POLARIZATION; OXIDATION; SYSTEM
AB A Si-CCD camera-based imaging system is used in-situ to study the effects of hydrocarbon fuels on Ni/YSZ solid oxide fuel cell anode temperatures. Methane and propane are used as fuels. Temperature variations are investigated to explore how carbon deposition varies with fuel, and how deposition and electrochemical oxidation of carbon affect the anode. The temperature change that results from carbon growth during CH4 flow is -2.3 degrees C. The temperature change due to the oxidation of carbon deposits from CH4 is +2.0 degrees C. Similar experiments with C3H8 produced temperature shifts of -3.4 degrees C and +2.4 degrees C during fuel flow and electrochemical oxidation, respectively. The temperature drops more quickly when C3H8 is used instead of CH4. As deposits are electrochemically oxidized, the maximum temperature occurs similar to 2 minutes earlier in the CH4 case. The time profiles indicate that more carbon is present in C3H8 cells.
C1 [Pomfret, Michael B.; Kidwell, David A.; Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Steinhurst, Daniel A.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA.
RP Pomfret, MB (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
FU Office of Naval Research; National Research Council - Naval Research
Laboratory Postdoctoral Fellowship program
FX Support for this work was provided by the Office of Naval Research. M.
B. P. acknowledges the National Research Council - Naval Research
Laboratory Postdoctoral Fellowship program. The authors acknowledge
Karen E. Swider Lyons and Jeremy J. Pietron at NRL for equipment use,
and Professors Bryan W. Eichhorn and Robert A. Walker at the University
of Maryland, College Park for helpful discussions.
NR 29
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA
SN 1938-5862
BN 978-1-60768-089-5
J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS
PY 2009
VL 25
IS 2
BP 839
EP 848
DI 10.1149/1.3205602
PG 10
WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
GA BA7QO
UT WOS:000337724700101
ER
PT J
AU Wirtz, JJ
AF Wirtz, James J.
BE Coletta, D
Pilch, FT
TI Space and grand strategy
SO SPACE AND DEFENSE POLICY
SE Space Power and Politics
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID FUTURE; WAR
C1 [Wirtz, James J.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Wirtz, JJ (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
NR 33
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ROUTLEDGE
PI LONDON
PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-203-88306-8
J9 SPACE POWER POLIT
PY 2009
BP 13
EP 26
PG 14
WC International Relations; Political Science
SC International Relations; Government & Law
GA BNL06
UT WOS:000274836500003
ER
PT S
AU Hurni, MA
Sekhavat, P
Ross, IM
AF Hurni, Michael A.
Sekhavat, Pooya
Ross, I. Michael
BE Segerman, AM
Lai, PC
Wilkins, MP
Pittelkau, ME
TI PSEUDOSPECTRAL OPTIMAL CONTROL ALGORITHM FOR REAL-TIME TRAJECTORY
PLANNING
SO SPACEFLIGHT MECHANICS 2009, VOL 134, PTS I-III
SE Advances in the Astronautical Sciences
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT AAS/AIAA 19th Space Flight Mechanics Meeting
CY FEB 08-12, 2009
CL Savannah, GA
SP AAS, AIAA
AB We present the development and implementation of a new pseudospectral (PS) optimal control-based algorithm for autonomous trajectory planning and control of an Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV) with real-time information updates. The basic algorithm is presented and used to solve a dynamic trajectory planning problem. The UGV mission is to traverse from an initial start point and reach the target point in minimum time, with maximum robustness, while avoiding both static and dynamic obstacles. This is achieved by deriving the control solution that carries out the initial planning problem while minimizing a cost and satisfying constraints based on the initial global knowledge of the area. The control solution is repeatedly recomputed and updated throughout the vehicle's mission. To combat the problem of inaccurate global knowledge and/or a dynamic environment, the UGV uses its sensors to map the locally detected changes in the environment and continuously updates its global map before re-computing the next control solution that can achieve an optimal trajectory to the goal. We present the complete algorithm and its successful implementation through various scenarios.
C1 [Hurni, Michael A.; Sekhavat, Pooya; Ross, I. Michael] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hurni, MA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM mahurni@nps.edu; psekhava@nps.edu; imross@nps.edu
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIVELT INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA PO BOX 28130, SAN DIEGO, CA 92128 USA
SN 1081-6003
BN 978-0-87703-554-1
J9 ADV ASTRONAUT SCI
PY 2009
VL 134
BP 985
EP 1004
PN I-III
PG 20
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA BOE66
UT WOS:000276394400059
ER
PT S
AU Dorland, BN
Dudik, R
Dugan, Z
Hennessy, GS
AF Dorland, Bryan N.
Dudik, Rachel
Dugan, Zachary
Hennessy, Gregory S.
BE Segerman, AM
Lai, PC
Wilkins, MP
Pittelkau, ME
TI THE JOINT MILLI-ARCSECOND PATHFINDER SURVEY (JMAPS): MISSION OVERVIEW
AND ATTITUDE SENSING APPLICATIONS
SO SPACEFLIGHT MECHANICS 2009, VOL 134, PTS I-III
SE Advances in the Astronautical Sciences
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT AAS/AIAA 19th Space Flight Mechanics Meeting
CY FEB 08-12, 2009
CL Savannah, GA
SP AAS, AIAA
AB The Joint Milliarcsecond Pathfinder Survey (JMAPS) is a Department of Navy bright star asirometric all-sky survey scheduled for launch in the 2012 time-frame. Mission objectives include a complete update of star positions for the 2015 epoch to accuracy levels of 1 milliarcsecond (5 nano-radians) for bright stars, demonstration of 10 milliarcsecond attitude determination capability, and 50 milli-arcsecond attitude control on-orbit. In the following paper, we describe the general instrument design and expected performance. We also discuss the new mission capabilities enabled by this unprecedented attitude determination accuracy, and focus specifically on the application to long distance (50,000-100,00 km) formation flying and solar system navigation.
C1 [Dorland, Bryan N.] USN Observ, Astrometr Satellite Div, Astrometry Dept, Washington, DC 20392 USA.
RP Dorland, BN (reprint author), USN Observ, Astrometr Satellite Div, Astrometry Dept, 3450 Massachusetts Ave NW, Washington, DC 20392 USA.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIVELT INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA PO BOX 28130, SAN DIEGO, CA 92128 USA
SN 1081-6003
BN 978-0-87703-554-1
J9 ADV ASTRONAUT SCI
PY 2009
VL 134
BP 1217
EP 1224
PN I-III
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA BOE66
UT WOS:000276394400073
ER
PT S
AU Cascio, J
Karpenko, M
Sekhavat, P
Ross, IM
AF Cascio, J.
Karpenko, M.
Sekhavat, P.
Ross, I. M.
BE Segerman, AM
Lai, PC
Wilkins, MP
Pittelkau, ME
TI OPTIMAL COLLISION-FREE TRAJECTORY PLANNING FOR ROBOTIC MANIPULATORS:
SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTS
SO SPACEFLIGHT MECHANICS 2009, VOL 134, PTS I-III
SE Advances in the Astronautical Sciences
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT AAS/AIAA 19th Space Flight Mechanics Meeting
CY FEB 08-12, 2009
CL Savannah, GA
SP AAS, AIAA
ID INDUSTRIAL ROBOTS; MOTIONS; OPTIMIZATION; CONSTRAINTS; ARMS
AB Trajectory planning for robotic manipulators is a challenging problem that continues to receive a great deal of attention. This paper demonstrates the applicability of pseudospectral optimal control to solve the motion planning problem for a two-link robotic arm. Minimum-time point-to-point maneuvers in the absence and presence of workspace obstacles are considered. Incorporating kino-dynamic constraints on the manipulator joint angles, velocities and accelerations, as well as control torque limits into the optimal control formulation ensures the computed solutions are physically realizable. The feasibility of the numerical results is verified by executing the computed trajectories on an experimental robotic manipulator.
C1 [Cascio, J.; Karpenko, M.; Sekhavat, P.; Ross, I. M.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Cascio, J (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIVELT INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA PO BOX 28130, SAN DIEGO, CA 92128 USA
SN 1081-6003
BN 978-0-87703-554-1
J9 ADV ASTRONAUT SCI
PY 2009
VL 134
BP 1421
EP 1435
PN I-III
PG 15
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA BOE66
UT WOS:000276394400086
ER
PT S
AU Thienel, JK
Markley, FL
Harman, RR
AF Thienel, Julie K.
Markley, F. Landis
Harman, Richard R.
BE Segerman, AM
Lai, PC
Wilkins, MP
Pittelkau, ME
TI EXTENDED KALMAN FILTER FOR MMS STATE ESTIMATION
SO SPACEFLIGHT MECHANICS 2009, VOL 134, PTS I-III
SE Advances in the Astronautical Sciences
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT AAS/AIAA 19th Space Flight Mechanics Meeting
CY FEB 08-12, 2009
CL Savannah, GA
SP AAS, AIAA
AB The Magnetospheric Multi Scale Mission is a four spacecraft formation flying mission designed to study the Earth's magnetosphere. The spacecraft fly in highly elliptical orbits, forming a tetrahedron at apogee. Each spacecraft spins at 3 RPM and is equipped with a star scanner, slit sun sensor, and accelerometer. The purpose of this work is to develop an Extended Kalman Filter to simultaneously estimate the attitude, angular velocity, angular acceleration, and center of mass of each spacecraft.
C1 [Thienel, Julie K.] USN Acad, Dept Aerosp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Thienel, JK (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Aerosp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM thienel@usna.edu; landis.markley@nasa.gov; richard.r.harman@nasa.gov
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIVELT INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA PO BOX 28130, SAN DIEGO, CA 92128 USA
SN 1081-6003
BN 978-0-87703-554-1
J9 ADV ASTRONAUT SCI
PY 2009
VL 134
BP 1513
EP 1526
PN I-III
PG 14
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA BOE66
UT WOS:000276394400091
ER
PT S
AU Amatucci, B
Anderson, J
Arnold, S
Bowen, J
Carroll, J
Coffey, S
Compton, C
Gatling, G
Huynh, S
Jaffe, P
Kelm, B
Koss, S
McGahagan, J
Tejero, E
Thurn, A
AF Amatucci, Bill
Anderson, Jason
Arnold, Steve
Bowen, John
Carroll, Joe
Coffey, Shannon
Compton, Christopher
Gatling, George
Huynh, Steve
Jaffe, Paul
Kelm, Bernard
Koss, Steve
McGahagan, John
Tejero, Erik
Thurn, Adam
BE Segerman, AM
Lai, PC
Wilkins, MP
Pittelkau, ME
TI CE2: A CUBESAT ELECTRON COLLECTOR EXPERIMENT
SO SPACEFLIGHT MECHANICS 2009, VOL 134, PTS I-III
SE Advances in the Astronautical Sciences
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT AAS/AIAA 19th Space Flight Mechanics Meeting
CY FEB 08-12, 2009
CL Savannah, GA
SP AAS, AIAA
AB The Naval Research Laboratory developed an experiment to measure the effectiveness of an electron collection device in space. Electron collection from the plasma surrounding the earth is a key element of an emerging concept for spacecraft propulsion that makes use of the physics principles of electrodynamics. Electrodynamic propulsion offers the prospects of enabling spacecraft to maneuver without the expenditure of conventional fuel, that is the possibility of propellant-less maneuvers. This experiment will measure the effectiveness of narrow metal tapes for collecting electrons from the earth's plasma.
C1 [Amatucci, Bill; Gatling, George] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Amatucci, B (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU UNIVELT INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA PO BOX 28130, SAN DIEGO, CA 92128 USA
SN 1081-6003
BN 978-0-87703-554-1
J9 ADV ASTRONAUT SCI
PY 2009
VL 134
BP 2105
EP 2120
PN I-III
PG 16
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA BOE66
UT WOS:000276394400124
ER
PT S
AU Wolcott, RS
Bishop, BE
AF Wolcott, Robert S.
Bishop, Bradley E.
GP IEEE
TI Cooperative Decision-Making and Multi-Target Attack Using Multiple
Sentry Guns
SO SSST: 2009 41ST SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY
SE Southeastern Symposium on System Theory
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 41st Southeastern Symposium on System Theory
CY MAR 15-17, 2009
CL Tullahoma, TN
DE Capability function; cooperative decision-making; military systems
ID ROBOTS
AB This paper focuses on the development of a methodology by which multiple sentry guns can effectively engage and destroy multiple targets in a coordinated attack. The centralized coordination controller developed in this work utilizes the capability function concept to provide a framework for cooperative weapons engagement on multiple targets with specified priorities while allowing for additional objectives.
C1 [Wolcott, Robert S.; Bishop, Bradley E.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Wolcott, RS (reprint author), USN Acad, 105 Maryland Ave Stop 14A, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM bishop@usna.edu
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 0094-2898
BN 978-1-4244-3324-7
J9 SE SYM SYS THRY
PY 2009
BP 261
EP 265
DI 10.1109/SSST.2009.4806801
PG 5
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Hardware &
Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Robotics
SC Computer Science; Robotics
GA BKN37
UT WOS:000268672400052
ER
PT S
AU Healy, PD
Bishop, BE
AF Healy, Patrick D.
Bishop, Bradley E.
GP IEEE
TI Sea-Dragon: An Amphibious Robot for Operation in the Littorals
SO SSST: 2009 41ST SOUTHEASTERN SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM THEORY
SE Southeastern Symposium on System Theory
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 41st Southeastern Symposium on System Theory
CY MAR 15-17, 2009
CL Tullahoma, TN
DE Mobile robots; amphibious robots; military robots
AB This paper focuses on the design of an amphibious robot for operations support in the littoral zone (close to shore). The mission of the robot is to escort assaulting marines to and from the beachhead. This robot will also offer reconnaissance and escort alongside convoys. The robot will possess positive buoyancy and demonstrate dual locomotion for both land and sea, modeled after the Marines' AAV. It will carry a teleoperated weapon and will be controlled by the remote operator using standard R/C gear and camera feedback.
C1 [Healy, Patrick D.; Bishop, Bradley E.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Healy, PD (reprint author), USN Acad, 105 Maryland Ave Stop 14A, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM bishop@usna.edu
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 0094-2898
BN 978-1-4244-3324-7
J9 SE SYM SYS THRY
PY 2009
BP 266
EP 270
DI 10.1109/SSST.2009.4806802
PG 5
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Hardware &
Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Robotics
SC Computer Science; Robotics
GA BKN37
UT WOS:000268672400053
ER
PT S
AU Prokes, SM
Glembocki, OJ
Mazeina, L
Alexson, DA
Park, HD
Qi, H
Rendell, RW
AF Prokes, S. M.
Glembocki, O. J.
Mazeina, Lena
Alexson, D. A.
Park, H. D.
Qi, Hua
Rendell, R. W.
BE Stokes, E
Goldhahn, R
Hunter, G
ODwyer, C
Ambacher, O
Huang, J
Kohn, E
Overberg, ME
TI The Growth of Semiconductor and dielectric Nanowires and Nanowire Arrays
and their Plasmonic Applications
SO STATE-OF-THE-ART PROGRAM ON COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTORS 51 (SOTAPOCS 51)
-AND- WIDE-BANDGAP SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS AND DEVICES 10
SE ECS Transactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Joint Symposium on State-of-the-Art Program on Compound Semiconductors
51 (SOTAPOCS) and Wide-Bandgap Semiconductor Materials and Devices 10
held during the 216th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society
CY OCT 04-09, 2009
CL Vienna, AUSTRIA
SP Electrochem Soc, Elect & Photon, Sensor
ID LIQUID-SOLID MECHANISM; SILICON NANOWIRES; CARBON NANOTUBES;
LASER-ABLATION; GALLIUM OXIDE; LUMINESCENCE; TRANSISTORS
AB We have investigated the growth of a number of nanowire systems, including Ga2O3, ZnO, InAs, as well as Ga2O3/ZnO hierarchical structures and dielectric core/metal sheath composites. We show that the growth of nanowires can occur by a number of growth mechanisms, even in the same system, and how this process can be tailored for specific applications, including plasmonics. We will show that dielectric/metal composite nanowires can exhibit very strong surface enhanced Raman (SERS) signals, when arranged in a random 3D geometry, which is due to nanowire crossings, and we will show the effects of crossing geometries on the strength of the SERS signal, which is compared with electric field calculations
C1 [Prokes, S. M.; Glembocki, O. J.; Mazeina, Lena; Alexson, D. A.; Park, H. D.; Qi, Hua; Rendell, R. W.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Prokes, SM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 6870, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA
SN 1938-5862
BN 978-1-56677-749-0; 978-1-60768-099-4
J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS
PY 2009
VL 25
IS 12
BP 3
EP 16
DI 10.1149/1.3238201
PG 14
WC Electrochemistry; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Electrochemistry; Engineering; Materials Science; Physics
GA BA8NE
UT WOS:000338300900001
ER
PT S
AU Caldwell, JD
Stahlbush, RE
Ancona, MG
Glembocki, OJ
Hobart, KD
AF Caldwell, J. D.
Stahlbush, R. E.
Ancona, M. G.
Glembocki, O. J.
Hobart, K. D.
BE Stokes, E
Goldhahn, R
Hunter, G
ODwyer, C
Ambacher, O
Huang, J
Kohn, E
Overberg, ME
TI On the Driving Force for Shockley Stacking Fault Motion in 4H-SiC
SO STATE-OF-THE-ART PROGRAM ON COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTORS 51 (SOTAPOCS 51)
-AND- WIDE-BANDGAP SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS AND DEVICES 10
SE ECS Transactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Joint Symposium on State-of-the-Art Program on Compound Semiconductors
51 (SOTAPOCS) and Wide-Bandgap Semiconductor Materials and Devices 10
held during the 216th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society
CY OCT 04-09, 2009
CL Vienna, AUSTRIA
SP Electrochem Soc, Elect & Photon, Sensor
ID ENHANCED DISLOCATION GLIDE; PIN DIODES; SINGLE-CRYSTALS;
SILICON-CARBIDE; EPITAXY; PROPAGATION; DEFECTS; DEVICES
AB Determining the primary driving force for Shockley stacking fault (SF) expansion within 4H-SiC has been of intense interest due to the deleterious effects of these defects upon the electrical characteristics of bipolar SiC devices. Previoulsy reported models have focused on determining the reasons for the perceived improved thermodynamic stability of the SFs, which are planes of SiC with the 3C-SiC polytype, with respect to the 4H-SiC host lattice. However, annealing and high temperature device operation experiments have clearly shown that SFs are not the thermodynamically preferred state of 4H-SiC in the absence of excess injected carriers. Here, we introduce and discuss a possible mechanism governing SF expansion and contraction that is consistent with previously reported experimental observations and present further experimental and simulation results that support this model.
C1 [Caldwell, J. D.; Stahlbush, R. E.; Ancona, M. G.; Glembocki, O. J.; Hobart, K. D.] Naval Res Lab, Power Elect Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Caldwell, JD (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Power Elect Branch, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 42
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA
SN 1938-5862
BN 978-1-56677-749-0; 978-1-60768-099-4
J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS
PY 2009
VL 25
IS 12
BP 93
EP 104
DI 10.1149/1.3238211
PG 12
WC Electrochemistry; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Electrochemistry; Engineering; Materials Science; Physics
GA BA8NE
UT WOS:000338300900011
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, JL
Kartchner, KM
Larsen, JA
AF Johnson, Jeannie L.
Kartchner, Kerry M.
Larsen, Jeffrey A.
BE Kartchner, KM
Johnson, JL
Larsen, JA
TI STRATEGIC CULTURE AND WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION CULTURALLY BASED
INSIGHTS INTO COMPARATIVE NATIONAL SECURITY POLICYMAKING INTRODUCTION
SO STRATEGIC CULTURE AND WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION: CULTURALLY BASED
INSIGHTS INTO COMPARATIVE NATIONAL SECURITY POLICYMAKING
SE Initiatives in Strategic Studies-Issues and Policies
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
C1 [Johnson, Jeannie L.] Utah State Univ, Dept Polit Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Johnson, Jeannie L.] Def Dept, Arlington, VA USA.
[Kartchner, Kerry M.] US Dept State, Bur Int Secur & Nonproliferat, Washington, DC USA.
[Kartchner, Kerry M.] Missouri State Univ, Grad Dept Def & Strateg Studies, Fairfax, VA USA.
[Kartchner, Kerry M.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Kartchner, Kerry M.] Def Threat Reduct Agcy, Adv Syst & Concepts Off, Ft Belvoir, VA USA.
[Larsen, Jeffrey A.] Larsen Consulting Grp, Colorado Springs, CO USA.
[Larsen, Jeffrey A.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Colorado Springs, CO USA.
[Larsen, Jeffrey A.] Univ Denver, Grad Program, Denver, CO 80208 USA.
[Larsen, Jeffrey A.] Northwestern Univ, Grad Program, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Larsen, Jeffrey A.] Amer Polit Sci Assoc, Int Secur & Arms Control Sect, Washington, DC USA.
[Larsen, Jeffrey A.] NATO, Brussels, Belgium.
RP Johnson, JL (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Polit Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PALGRAVE
PI BASINGSTOKE
PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-230-61830-5
J9 INITIAT STRATEG STUD
PY 2009
BP 3
EP 14
D2 10.1057/9780230618305
PG 12
WC International Relations; Political Science
SC International Relations; Government & Law
GA BSC20
UT WOS:000284106000002
ER
PT J
AU Kartchner, KM
AF Kartchner, Kerry M.
BE Kartchner, KM
Johnson, JL
Larsen, JA
TI STRATEGIC CULTURE AND WMD DECISION MAKING
SO STRATEGIC CULTURE AND WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION: CULTURALLY BASED
INSIGHTS INTO COMPARATIVE NATIONAL SECURITY POLICYMAKING
SE Initiatives in Strategic Studies-Issues and Policies
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Kartchner, Kerry M.] US Dept State, Bur Int Secur & Nonproliferat, Washington, DC 20520 USA.
[Kartchner, Kerry M.] Missouri State Univ, Grad Dept Def & Strateg Studies, Fairfax, VA USA.
[Kartchner, Kerry M.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Kartchner, Kerry M.] Def Threat Reduct Agcy, Adv Syst & Concepts Off, Ft Belvoir, VA USA.
RP Kartchner, KM (reprint author), US Dept State, Bur Int Secur & Nonproliferat, Washington, DC 20520 USA.
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PALGRAVE
PI BASINGSTOKE
PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-230-61830-5
J9 INITIAT STRATEG STUD
PY 2009
BP 55
EP 67
D2 10.1057/9780230618305
PG 13
WC International Relations; Political Science
SC International Relations; Government & Law
GA BSC20
UT WOS:000284106000005
ER
PT J
AU Mahnken, TG
AF Mahnken, Thomas G.
BE Kartchner, KM
Johnson, JL
Larsen, JA
TI U. S. STRATEGIC AND ORGANIZATIONAL SUBCULTURES
SO STRATEGIC CULTURE AND WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION: CULTURALLY BASED
INSIGHTS INTO COMPARATIVE NATIONAL SECURITY POLICYMAKING
SE Initiatives in Strategic Studies-Issues and Policies
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID CULTURE; ORIGINS
C1 [Mahnken, Thomas G.] Off Secretary Def, Washington, DC 20301 USA.
[Mahnken, Thomas G.] USN, War Coll, Newport, RI USA.
RP Mahnken, TG (reprint author), Off Secretary Def, Washington, DC 20301 USA.
NR 62
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU PALGRAVE
PI BASINGSTOKE
PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-230-61830-5
J9 INITIAT STRATEG STUD
PY 2009
BP 69
EP 84
D2 10.1057/9780230618305
PG 16
WC International Relations; Political Science
SC International Relations; Government & Law
GA BSC20
UT WOS:000284106000006
ER
PT J
AU Hafez, MM
AF Hafez, Mohammed M.
TI Jihad after Iraq: Lessons from the Arab Afghans
SO STUDIES IN CONFLICT & TERRORISM
LA English
DT Article
AB The defeat of Al Qaeda in Iraq may generate new threats associated with the dispersal of its fighters in the region and around the world. Veterans of earlier insurgencies and civil wars in Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Chechnya moved from one conflict zone to another, lending combatants valuable skills and networks of support. The flight of Iraq's irreconcilable insurgents is a greater threat to global security than the one posed by the Arab Afghans because of the range of combat experiences and skills acquired in Iraq since 2003. This manuscript revisits the history of Arab veterans of the anti-Soviet struggle in Afghanistan (1979-1989) to draw out lessons for countering the current bleed out from Iraq. It explores the diverse pathways taken by these Arab Afghans and the factors that facilitated different patterns of dispersal around the globe. The article concludes with broad strategic recommendations for counterterrorism measures.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hafez, MM (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Glasgow 319,1411 Cunningham Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM mmhafez@nps.edu
NR 41
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1057-610X
EI 1521-0731
J9 STUD CONFL TERROR
JI Stud. Confl. Terror.
PY 2009
VL 32
IS 2
BP 73
EP 94
AR PII 907947534
DI 10.1080/10576100802639600
PG 22
WC International Relations; Political Science
SC International Relations; Government & Law
GA 395KI
UT WOS:000262522600001
ER
PT J
AU Gregg, HS
AF Gregg, Heather S.
TI Fighting Cosmic Warriors: Lessons from the First Seven Years of the
Global War on Terror
SO STUDIES IN CONFLICT & TERRORISM
LA English
DT Article
AB This article argues that a successful strategy for fighting the Global War on Terror (GWOT) requires actions aimed not only at defeating the Al Qaeda network and denying its operatives sanctuary, but also efforts to delegitimize Al Qaeda's ideology; the United States has focused on the former at the expense of the latter. The GWOT requires a new strategy, one that continues to target Al Qaeda operatives and their assets, while undermining Al Qaeda's message. This requires a better understanding of Al Qaeda's ideology, how U.S. foreign policy may fuel that ideology, and a strategy for undermining militant Islam's worldview.
C1 [Gregg, Heather S.] Naval Postgraduate Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Gregg, HS (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, 589 Dyer Rd,Room 210, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM hsgregg@nps.edu
NR 49
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1057-610X
J9 STUD CONFL TERROR
JI Stud. Confl. Terror.
PY 2009
VL 32
IS 3
BP 188
EP 208
AR PII 909177379
DI 10.1080/10576100802670829
PG 21
WC International Relations; Political Science
SC International Relations; Government & Law
GA 413UB
UT WOS:000263816900002
ER
PT J
AU Todd, CS
Abed, AMS
Scott, PT
Safi, N
Earhart, KC
Strathdee, SA
AF Todd, Catherine S.
Abed, Abdullah M. S.
Scott, Paul T.
Safi, Naqibullah
Earhart, Kenneth C.
Strathdee, Steffanie A.
TI A Cross-Sectional Assessment of Utilization of Addiction Treatment among
Injection Drug Users in Kabul, Afghanistan
SO SUBSTANCE USE & MISUSE
LA English
DT Article
DE Afghanistan; detoxification; injecting drug user; addiction treatment;
needle exchange program
ID METHADONE-MAINTENANCE; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; HARM REDUCTION; HIV;
PREVENTION; PREVALENCE; PROGRAMS; COHORT; CHINA; RISK
AB The purpose of this study was to describe prior use of detoxification and addiction-treatment programs among injection drug users (IDUs) in Kabul, Afghanistan. From 2005-2006, IDUs (n = 464) recruited into this cross-sectional study completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire and whole blood rapid testing with fingerstick samples for HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis C antibody and B surface antigen testing. Participants were predominantly male (99.8%), Afghan (98.9%), and had little formal education. Correlates of detoxification and addiction treatment were identified with logistic regression. The majority (94.0%, n = 435) felt great/urgent need for treatment, of whom 56.3% (n = 245) reported inability to access treatment. Prior detoxification was associated with new needle use with each injection (AOR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.12-3.26) and prior incarceration (AOR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.04-3.13). The study's limitations are noted. Rapid scale-up and subsidy of needle and syringe programs and opioid agonist treatment is urgently needed in Kabul.
C1 [Todd, Catherine S.; Strathdee, Steffanie A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[Abed, Abdullah M. S.; Safi, Naqibullah] Minist Publ Hlth, Natl HIV AIDS Control Program, Kabul, Afghanistan.
[Scott, Paul T.] US Mil HIV Res Program, Div Retrovirol, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD USA.
[Earhart, Kenneth C.] USN, Med Res Unit 3, Virol Res Program, Cairo, Egypt.
[Todd, Catherine S.] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Int Hlth & Cross Cultural Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[Strathdee, Steffanie A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, Dept Family & Prevent Med, Harold Simon Chair, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Strathdee, Steffanie A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, Dept Family & Prevent Med, Div Int Hlth & Cross Cultural Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Todd, CS (reprint author), 9500 Gilman Dr,Mailstop 0622, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM cstodd@ucsd.edu
RI Strathdee, Steffanie/B-9042-2009
FU FIC NIH HHS [K01TW007408]
NR 34
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE
PI LONDON
PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND
SN 1082-6084
J9 SUBST USE MISUSE
JI Subst. Use Misuse
PY 2009
VL 44
IS 3
BP 416
EP 430
AR PII 905008207
DI 10.1080/10826080802347669
PG 15
WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry; Psychology
SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry; Psychology
GA 406JW
UT WOS:000263291800008
PM 18979391
ER
PT J
AU Stevenson, J
AF Stevenson, Jonathan
TI African American
SO SURVIVAL
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 USN, War Coll, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Stevenson, J (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0039-6338
J9 SURVIVAL
JI Survival
PY 2009
VL 51
IS 1
BP 249
EP 256
AR PII 908599153
DI 10.1080/00396330902749848
PG 8
WC International Relations; Political Science
SC International Relations; Government & Law
GA 406AG
UT WOS:000263266800038
ER
PT J
AU Davis, M
AF Davis, Matthew C.
TI Convenient Preparation of Hydroxymethyl-Substituted
Diaminodiphenyloxybenzenes
SO SYNTHETIC COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Borane; diamine; polyimide; SNAr
ID DIARYL ETHERS; POLYIMIDES; REDUCTION; POLYAMIDE; ACID
AB Two hydroxymethyl-substituted monomers of diaminodiphenyloxybenzene were synthesized in three or four steps in 95% and 74% overall yields, respectively.
C1 [Davis, Matthew C.] USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Michelson Lab, Chem & Mat Div, China Lake, CA USA.
RP Davis, M (reprint author), Code 4L4200D,1900 N Knox Rd, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
EM matthew.davis@navy.mil
FU Army Research Laboratory
FX The generous financial support from the Army Research Laboratory is
gratefully acknowledged. Thanks to Mses. Ann M. Moorehead, Cynthia M.
Kitchens, and the staff of the NAWC Technical Library (China Lake) for
obtaining references 1, 7, and 22. Special thanks to Dr. Yusuke Tajima
(RIKEN, Wako Japan) for translating a portion of his patent.
NR 22
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0039-7911
J9 SYNTHETIC COMMUN
JI Synth. Commun.
PY 2009
VL 39
IS 4
BP 654
EP 663
AR PII 908208632
DI 10.1080/00397910802419714
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA 400HS
UT WOS:000262859200010
ER
PT J
AU Davis, MC
AF Davis, Matthew C.
TI Chlorination of Aniline and Methyl Carbanilate by N-Chlorosuccinimide
and Synthesis of 1,3,5-Trichlorobenzene
SO SYNTHETIC COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Aniline; N-chlorosuccinimide; chlorination; diazonium
ID TRICHLOROISOCYANURIC ACID; DEACTIVATED ANILINES; AROMATIC-AMINES;
DEAMINATION
AB Aniline undergoes regioselective trichlorination by N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS) in acetonitrile in good yield. The product 2,4,6-trichoroaniline was converted into 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene by reduction of its diazonium salt. Reaction of the methyl carbamate of aniline with NCS gave only the 2,4-dichlorophenyl carbamate.
C1 USN, Air Warefare Ctr, Chem & Mat Div, Michelson Lab, China Lake, CA USA.
RP Davis, M (reprint author), USN, Air Warefare Ctr, Chem & Mat Div, Michelson Lab, China Lake, CA USA.
EM matthew.davis@navy.mil
FU Timothy I. Mahoney (NAWCWD Pilot Plant)
FX The financial support of Timothy I. Mahoney (NAWCWD Pilot Plant) is
gratefully acknowledged. Thanks to Juanita K. Morton (NAWCWD) for
assistance in purchasing the hypophosporous acid. Thanks to Ann M.
Moorehead, Cynthia M. Kitchens, and the staff of the NAWC Technical
Library (China Lake) for obtaining Ref. 9.
NR 28
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 10
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0039-7911
J9 SYNTHETIC COMMUN
JI Synth. Commun.
PY 2009
VL 39
IS 6
BP 1100
EP 1108
AR PII 909026414
DI 10.1080/00397910802499542
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA 412HT
UT WOS:000263716600015
ER
PT J
AU Duddu, R
Dave, PR
Damavarapu, R
Surapaneni, R
Parrish, D
AF Duddu, Raja
Dave, Paritosh R.
Damavarapu, Reddy
Surapaneni, Rao
Parrish, Damon
TI Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of 1-Methyl-2,4,5-trinitroimidazole
(MTNI)
SO SYNTHETIC COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Aminoimidazoles; azido compounds; nitroimidazoles; triazole
ID ENERGETIC MATERIALS; DERIVATIVES
AB Nucleophilic substitution reactions on 1-methyl-2,4,5-trinitroimidazole (MTNI) are described.
C1 [Duddu, Raja; Dave, Paritosh R.] USA, SAIC, ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA.
[Parrish, Damon] USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Duddu, R (reprint author), USA, SAIC, ARDEC, Bldg 3028, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA.
EM raja.duddu@us.army.mil
NR 18
TC 15
Z9 19
U1 2
U2 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0039-7911
J9 SYNTHETIC COMMUN
JI Synth. Commun.
PY 2009
VL 39
IS 23
BP 4282
EP 4288
AR PII 916369132
DI 10.1080/00397910902898635
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA 525HY
UT WOS:000272207100013
ER
PT J
AU Dorsey, D
Russell, S
Keil, C
Campbell, G
Van Buskirk, W
Schuck, P
AF Dorsey, David
Russell, Steven
Keil, Charles
Campbell, Gwendolyn
Van Buskirk, Wendi
Schuck, Peter
BE Salas, E
Goodwin, GF
Burke, CS
TI Measuring Teams in Action: Automated Performance Measurement and
Feedback in Simulation-Based Training
SO TEAM EFFECTIVENESS IN COMPLEX ORGANIZATIONS: CROSS-DISCIPLINARY
PERSPECTIVES AND APPROACHES
SE SIOP Organizational Frontiers Series
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID DYNAMIC DECISION-MAKING; DESIGN VARIABLES; STRATEGIES; TASKS;
ACQUISITION; INSTRUCTION; MODELS
C1 [Dorsey, David] Personnel Decis Res Inst PDRI, Washington, DC 20219 USA.
[Russell, Steven] Personnel Decis Res Inst, Arlington, VA USA.
[Campbell, Gwendolyn; Van Buskirk, Wendi] USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Training Syst Div, Panama City, FL USA.
[Schuck, Peter] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Dorsey, D (reprint author), Personnel Decis Res Inst PDRI, Washington, DC 20219 USA.
NR 66
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS
PI HOVE
PA 27 CHURCH ROAD, HOVE BN3 2FA, E SUSSEX, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-8058-5881-5
J9 SIOP ORGAN FRONT SER
PY 2009
BP 351
EP 381
PG 31
WC Psychology, Applied; Management
SC Psychology; Business & Economics
GA BUY94
UT WOS:000290753500015
ER
PT J
AU Smith-Jentsch, KA
AF Smith-Jentsch, Kimberly A.
BE Salas, E
Goodwin, GF
Burke, CS
TI Measuring Team-Related Cognition: The Devil Is in the Details
SO TEAM EFFECTIVENESS IN COMPLEX ORGANIZATIONS: CROSS-DISCIPLINARY
PERSPECTIVES AND APPROACHES
SE SIOP Organizational Frontiers Series
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID SHARED MENTAL MODELS; PERFORMANCE; KNOWLEDGE; ACCURACY; ABILITY
C1 [Smith-Jentsch, Kimberly A.] USN, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[Smith-Jentsch, Kimberly A.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Psychol, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
NR 22
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 8
PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS
PI HOVE
PA 27 CHURCH ROAD, HOVE BN3 2FA, E SUSSEX, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-8058-5881-5
J9 SIOP ORGAN FRONT SER
PY 2009
BP 491
EP 508
PG 18
WC Psychology, Applied; Management
SC Psychology; Business & Economics
GA BUY94
UT WOS:000290753500020
ER
PT J
AU Bishop, CH
Hodyss, D
AF Bishop, Craig H.
Hodyss, Daniel
TI Ensemble covariances adaptively localized with ECO-RAP. Part 1: tests on
simple error models
SO TELLUS SERIES A-DYNAMIC METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSFORM KALMAN FILTER; DATA ASSIMILATION; SYSTEM
AB In atmospheric data assimilation (DA), observations over a 6-12-h time window are used to estimate the state. Non-adaptive moderation or localization functions are widely used in ensemble DA to reduce the amplitude of spurious ensemble correlations. These functions are inappropriate (1) if true error correlation functions move a comparable distance to the localization length scale over the time window and/or (2) if the widths of true error correlation functions are highly flow dependent. A method for generating localization functions that move with the true error correlation functions and that also adapt to the width of the true error correlation function is given. The method uses ensemble correlations raised to a power (ECO-RAP). A gallery of periodic one-dimensional error models is used to show how the method uses error propagation information and error correlation width information retained by powers of raw ensemble correlations to propagate and adaptively adjust the width of the localization function. It is found that ECO-RAP localization outperforms non-adaptive localization when the true errors are propagating or the error correlation length scale is varying and is as good as non-adaptive localization when such variations in error covariance structure are absent.
C1 [Bishop, Craig H.; Hodyss, Daniel] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Bishop, CH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2,Bldg 702,Room 212, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM bishop@nrlmry.navy.mil
NR 25
TC 64
Z9 65
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0280-6495
J9 TELLUS A
JI Tellus Ser. A-Dyn. Meteorol. Oceanol.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 61
IS 1
BP 84
EP 96
DI 10.1111/j.1600-0870.2008.00371.x
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 385DO
UT WOS:000261793500007
ER
PT J
AU Bishop, CH
Hodyss, D
AF Bishop, Craig H.
Hodyss, Daniel
TI Ensemble covariances adaptively localized with ECO-RAP. Part 2: a
strategy for the atmosphere
SO TELLUS SERIES A-DYNAMIC METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSFORM KALMAN FILTER; DATA ASSIMILATION; GLOBAL-MODEL; PERTURBATIONS;
SYSTEMS; SCHEME
AB Part 1's localization method, Ensemble COrrelations Raised to A Power (ECO-RAP), is incorporated into a Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter (LETKF). Because brute force incorporation would be too expensive, we demonstrate a factorization property for Part 1's Covariances Adaptively Localized with ECO-rap (CALECO) forecast error covariance matrix that, together with other simplifications, reduces the cost. The property inexpensively provides a large CALECO ensemble whose covariance is the CALECO matrix. Each member of the CALECO ensemble is an element-wise product between one raw ensemble member and one column of the square root of the ECO-RAP matrix. The LETKF is applied to the CALECO ensemble rather than the raw ensemble. The approach enables the update of large numbers of variables within each observation volume at little additional computational cost. Under plausible assumptions, this makes the CALECO and standard LETKF costs similar. The CALECO LETKF does not require artificial observation error inflation or vertically confined observation volumes both of which confound the assimilation of non-local observations such as satellite observations. Using a 27 member ensemble from a global Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) system, we depict four-dimensional (4-D) flow-adaptive error covariance localization and test the ability of the CALECO LETKF to reduce analysis error.
C1 [Bishop, Craig H.; Hodyss, Daniel] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Bishop, CH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2,Bldg 702,Room 212, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM bishop@nrlmry.navy.mil
NR 26
TC 45
Z9 46
U1 0
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0280-6495
J9 TELLUS A
JI Tellus Ser. A-Dyn. Meteorol. Oceanol.
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 61
IS 1
BP 97
EP 111
DI 10.1111/j.1600-0870.2008.00372.x
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 385DO
UT WOS:000261793500008
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI Like Boiled Frogs
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID OBESITY TREATMENT; HEALTH; SYSTEMS; PREVENTION; AMERICA; EPIDEMIC;
OPTIMISM; PATIENT; POLICY; GENES
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 106
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 3
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_1
PG 47
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800001
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI Unbalanced Act
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 53
EP 67
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_2
PG 15
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800002
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI Human-Environment Interactions: Not One Way ... and Not One-Way
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 69
EP 75
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_3
PG 7
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800003
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI Tilting the Energy Balance: More Energy In
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 77
EP 109
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_4
PG 33
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800004
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI Tilting the Energy Balance: Less Energy Out
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 111
EP 123
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_5
PG 13
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800005
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI Individual Differences
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 125
EP 133
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_6
PG 9
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800006
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI Is Ad-Lib Behavior Killing Us?
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID PUBLIC-HEALTH POLICY; FOOD-INTAKE; ENERGY-INTAKE; BODY-WEIGHT;
ENVIRONMENTAL-INFLUENCES; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; EATING BEHAVIORS; PORTION
SIZE; WOMEN; FAT
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 158
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 135
EP 166
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_7
D2 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4
PG 32
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800007
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI The Energy Balance Equation: Reigning Intellectual Paradigm or
Straitjacket?
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 169
EP 174
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_8
PG 6
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800008
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI What We Know that Ain't So
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 175
EP 184
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_9
PG 10
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800009
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI Closing the Loops on Energy Balance: Energy Output Side
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 185
EP 201
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_10
PG 17
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800010
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI Closing the Loops on Energy Balance: Energy Input Side
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 203
EP 213
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_11
PG 11
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800011
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI Beyond Physiology: Closing the Behavior-Physiology Loop
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 215
EP 237
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_12
PG 23
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800012
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI Looking Back and Looking Forward
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID BODY-WEIGHT REGULATION; SELF-CONTROL; FOOD-INTAKE; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE;
LIMITED RESOURCES; FEEDBACK SIGNALS; DECISION-MAKING; METABOLIC-RATE;
OBESITY; FAT
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 136
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 239
EP 261
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_13
PG 23
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800013
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI Learning by Doing
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 265
EP 275
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_14
PG 11
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800014
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI "Give Us the Tools, and We Will Finish the Job"
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 277
EP 282
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_15
PG 6
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800015
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI A Microworld for Weight and Energy Regulation
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 283
EP 302
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_16
PG 20
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800016
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI Experiment 1: Assessing Weight Loss-Reality Versus Fiction
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 303
EP 310
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_17
PG 8
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800017
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI Experiment 2: Going Ballistic-On a Diet
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 311
EP 315
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_18
PG 5
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800018
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI Experiment 3: Understanding Why 250 Pounds Does Not Equal 250 Pounds
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 317
EP 323
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_19
PG 7
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800019
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI Experiment 4: Trading Treatment Options-Diet Versus Exercise
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 325
EP 334
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_20
PG 10
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800020
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI PhDs for the Masses? (That's Personal Health Decision support)
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID WEIGHT-LOSS; OBESITY TREATMENT; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY;
METABOLIC-RATE; DIETARY-FAT; BODY-WEIGHT; EXERCISE; SYSTEMS; HUMANS
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 88
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 335
EP 349
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_21
D2 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4
PG 15
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800021
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI The Fat Lady ... Models
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 353
EP 356
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_22
PG 4
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800022
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI The Third Path: Prevention
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 357
EP 370
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_23
PG 14
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800023
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI Location, Location, Location: Places to Intervene in Systems
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 371
EP 385
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_24
PG 15
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800024
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI It Will Take More Than Food Pyramids
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 387
EP 408
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_25
PG 22
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800025
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI Microworlds (sic) Us
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu; tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 409
EP 424
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_26
PG 16
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800026
ER
PT B
AU Hamid, TKA
AF Hamid, Tarek K. A.
BA Hamid, TKA
BF Hamid, TKA
TI Beyond Prevention
SO THINKING IN CIRCLES ABOUT OBESITY: APPLYING SYSTEMS THINKING TO WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID PUBLIC-HEALTH POLICY; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; ENVIRONMENTAL-INFLUENCES;
EATING BEHAVIORS; DECISION-MAKING; INTERVENTIONS; SYSTEMS; WEIGHT;
CHILDREN; PARENTS
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamid, TKA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tkabdelh@nps.edu
NR 204
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-9-397-09468-7
PY 2009
BP 425
EP 462
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4_27
D2 10.1007/978-0-387-09469-4
PG 38
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Informatics
GA BML22
UT WOS:000272714800027
ER
PT J
AU Berger, MT
Weber, H
AF Berger, Mark T.
Weber, Heloise
TI War, Peace and Progress: conflict, development, (in)security and
violence in the 21st century
SO THIRD WORLD QUARTERLY
LA English
DT Article
ID FAILED STATES; LONG WAR; HISTORY; WORLD; GATS
AB The theory and practice of development has a complicated relationship to the history of war and peace in the 20th century. Efforts to realise the promise of progress have been played out against the backdrop of the crisis of colonialism, national liberation, decolonisation and the rise and fall of Third Worldism. Third Worldism, conceptualised as a specific project to realise the promises of progress, was also affected by the transformation and onset of the crisis of the nation-state system and the re-calibration of the development-security nexus in the post-Cold War era. The short history of the 'three worlds of development' appears now to have been overlaid by global development; that is, a process which entails intensified social and political network-relations, with accompanying regulatory efforts becoming more global in scope and reach. Yet, the most influential drivers and proponents of 'progress' continue to focus on the nation-state as the natural mechanism for the realisation of development, security and to some extent the protection of human rights. A critical reinterpretation, however, of the struggles engendered by this constellation suggests that they are better viewed as struggles for recognition (and redistribution) rather than driven by realising statehood per se. Concurrently, development as an internationally framed global project (underpinned by neoliberalism) has coexisted with alternative conceptions. Collectively, the latter hold out a range of paths-to-progress not-yet-taken at a systemic level, and flag the everyday struggles of denigrated multitudes. This special 30th anniversary issue brings together contributions that seek to revisit the dynamics and complexities of the history of war and peace in relation to the pursuit of progress. The issue as a whole foregrounds contemporary crises of violence and insecurity in relation to core organising principles of world politics; the nation state and the inter-state system and underlying assumptions to realise the promises of progress. That this project is beset with crises and contradictions is recognised by both its advocates and critics. However, there is no consensus on either causal dynamics or potential solutions, despite common acknowledgements of the complexities involved. The first part of this introduction broadly examines the 'crisis' of the state and brings to the fore the need to appreciate the dynamics of social and psychological aspects of these struggles. The second part focuses on the contours of the 'crisis' of global development.
C1 [Berger, Mark T.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Weber, Heloise] Univ Queensland, Sch Polit Sci & Int Studies, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
RP Berger, MT (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, 589 Dyer Rd,Room 210, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM mtberger@nps.edu; h.weber@uq.edu.au
NR 42
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 6
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0143-6597
EI 1360-2241
J9 THIRD WORLD Q
JI Third World Q.
PY 2009
VL 30
IS 1
BP 1
EP 16
AR PII 907905043
DI 10.1080/01436590802622219
PG 16
WC Planning & Development
SC Public Administration
GA 395GO
UT WOS:000262512800001
ER
PT J
AU Maitre, BR
AF Maitre, Benjamin R.
TI What Sustains 'Internal Wars'? The dynamics of violent conflict and
state weakness in Sudan
SO THIRD WORLD QUARTERLY
LA English
DT Article
AB This contribution emphasises the need for a contextual rather than causal analysis of internal wars. Using Sudan's intransigent north-south divide and the crisis in Darfur as case studies, the underlying argument is that, over the course of Sudanese history since independence in 1956, both rebels and regimes have mobilised conditions of conflict to advance their political and economic agendas. The contemporary international system, in which war is understood as both an aberration and a problem with a presupposed solution, compartmentalises the varied and complex interactions of nation-states within a framework that is far from universally applicable. This encourages, even facilitates, the politics of warlordism in internal wars, particularly in the so-called 'developing' nation-states. In Sudan conditions of conflict with self-reinforcing tendencies outweigh the power of existing peace agreements. Issues of resource allocation and political marginalisation provide a volatile context for sustaining the internal wars in Sudan indefinitely and make the success of current or future peace agreements unlikely if not impossible.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Maitre, BR (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM ben.maitre@gmail.com
NR 52
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0143-6597
J9 THIRD WORLD Q
JI Third World Q.
PY 2009
VL 30
IS 1
BP 53
EP 68
AR PII 907910792
DI 10.1080/01436590802622318
PG 16
WC Planning & Development
SC Public Administration
GA 395GO
UT WOS:000262512800004
ER
PT J
AU Arquilla, J
AF Arquilla, John
TI Realities of War: global development, growing destructiveness and the
coming of a new Dark Age?
SO THIRD WORLD QUARTERLY
LA English
DT Article
AB This contribution traces the connection between theories about the utility of violence as a tool of development and practical efforts to craft policies based on such beliefs. The basic finding is that the use of force in the name of societal development (eg the Bush Doctrine of waging war to effect 'regime change') has proven problematic. Indeed, viewed from the perspective of the past two centuries, such uses of force have often turned out to be profoundly 'anti-developmental'. In particular, there are some troubling shifts in conflict, apparent since the late 19th century, but which have accelerated in recent decades. First, major warfare has migrated from the developed to the developing world. Second, there is a clearly observable growth trend towards 'big kill' wars in which at least one million people die (often in small nation-states where significant percentages of the population are killed). More, and more deadly, wars are thus occurring amid those least able to cope with conflict, providing stark rebuttal to recent studies that argue war is generally on the wane. To the contrary, the 'barriers to entry' for waging highly destructive wars have fallen sharply, and it is this trend that poses the greatest threat to political, social and economic progress since the last Dark Age.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Arquilla, J (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM jarquilla@nps.edu
NR 35
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0143-6597
EI 1360-2241
J9 THIRD WORLD Q
JI Third World Q.
PY 2009
VL 30
IS 1
BP 69
EP 80
AR PII 907905033
DI 10.1080/01436590802622359
PG 12
WC Planning & Development
SC Public Administration
GA 395GO
UT WOS:000262512800005
ER
PT J
AU McCormick, GH
Fritz, L
AF McCormick, Gordon H.
Fritz, Lindsay
TI The Logic of Warlord Politics
SO THIRD WORLD QUARTERLY
LA English
DT Article
ID COALITION-FORMATION
AB This article offers an initial framework for a future theory of warlord politics using a simple game theoretic approach. We address the topic abstractly rather than empirically to develop a set of testable propositions across the wide range of warlord regimes. We discuss the reciprocal military and economic foundations of warlord domination, the structural logic of warlord politics, the stability of warlord regimes, and the circumstances that can be expected to lead to the formation and dissolution of warlord coalitions. We offer a conceptual introduction to these topics and lay the groundwork for a more systematic treatment of these and related themes in subsequent work.
C1 [McCormick, Gordon H.; Fritz, Lindsay] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP McCormick, GH (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM gmccormick@nps.edu
NR 34
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0143-6597
J9 THIRD WORLD Q
JI Third World Q.
PY 2009
VL 30
IS 1
BP 81
EP 112
AR PII 907904956
DI 10.1080/01436590802622391
PG 32
WC Planning & Development
SC Public Administration
GA 395GO
UT WOS:000262512800006
ER
PT J
AU Borer, DA
Everton, SF
Nayve, MM
AF Borer, Douglas A.
Everton, Sean F.
Nayve, Moises M., Jr.
TI Global Development and Human (In)security: understanding the rise of the
Rajah Solaiman Movement and Balik Islam in the Philippines
SO THIRD WORLD QUARTERLY
LA English
DT Article
ID SOCIAL-MOVEMENTS; RECRUITMENT; NETWORKS
AB Over the past 30 years rapid advances in the realm of digital technology and the establishment of an ever expanding globally networked communications infrastructure have radically altered the infrastructure of the global economy. Combined with new rules for international finance, the de-regulation of capital and labour markets and the embracing of a 'free trade' ethos by most states in the international system, today's 'information age' bears little resemblance to the economic world experienced by previous generations. Rapid economic changes have been accompanied by the broad dissemination of social, cultural and political information to all corners of the globe, a phenomenon that has contributed to a number of important socio-political developments. Using social movement theory to frame our analytical narrative, we investigate how the demands and pressures of globalisation have helped to foment 'Balik Islam', a religious-based social movement concentrated among the ranks of returned overseas Filipino workers in the northern island of Luzon. These workers, having converted from Catholicism to Islam while employed in the Middle East, are beginning to reshape the political fabric of the Republic of the Philippines, sometimes in a violent fashion. To illustrate the possible extremes of Balik Islam, the article will chart the rise and fall of the Rajah Solaiman Movement, a Balik-Islam group that was responsible for a number of recent terrorist attacks, and whose members, thanks to their ability to blend in with the dominant population, pose a special challenge to democracy.
C1 [Borer, Douglas A.; Everton, Sean F.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Nayve, Moises M., Jr.] AFP Joint Special Operat Grp, Quezon City 1110, Philippines.
RP Borer, DA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM daborer@nps.edu; nayvz91@yahoo.com
NR 51
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 7
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0143-6597
J9 THIRD WORLD Q
JI Third World Q.
PY 2009
VL 30
IS 1
BP 181
EP 204
AR PII 907905331
DI 10.1080/01436590802622615
PG 24
WC Planning & Development
SC Public Administration
GA 395GO
UT WOS:000262512800011
ER
PT J
AU Weber, H
Berger, MT
AF Weber, Heloise
Berger, Mark T.
TI Human (In)Security and Development in the 21st Century
SO THIRD WORLD QUARTERLY
LA English
DT Article
AB In this contribution we focus on the political merits as well as limitations of the project of Third Worldism. Through critical historical analysis we identify the difference that Third Worldism made to world politics. At the same time it was without a doubt beset with contradictions from its inception. By foregrounding the contexts of development struggles, we hope to illustrateat least minimallythese contradictions. From our perspective these are to be found in the politics of emancipatory nationalism. On the one hand, this facilitated a freedom of a kind: recognition and formal equality in world politics. On the other, the institutional form this took was premised on the assumption that national development (especially of the postcolonial states) was somehow independent of wider historical as well as 'transnational' social and political relations. A more relational understanding of the history of development would reveal the extent to which wealth and poverty, order, violence and conflict are outcomes of multifaceted, but combined social and political processes that cannot be reduced to the parameters of the nation-state or the nation-state system. For all its contradictions, Third Worldism articulated a radical political imagination (for its time). However, ironically, to carry forth its underlying concerns, we need to move beyond the territorial imagination and the equation of progress and modernity with the sovereign nation-state to understand why it was a contradictory project. Perhaps, through understanding its contradictions, spaces of hope might be opened up to (re)imagine radical and more humane alternatives.
C1 [Weber, Heloise] Univ Queensland, Sch Polit Sci & Int Studies, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Berger, Mark T.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Weber, H (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Polit Sci & Int Studies, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
EM h.weber@uq.edu.au; mtberger@nps.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0143-6597
J9 THIRD WORLD Q
JI Third World Q.
PY 2009
VL 30
IS 1
BP 263
EP 270
AR PII 907905076
DI 10.1080/01436590802623001
PG 8
WC Planning & Development
SC Public Administration
GA 395GO
UT WOS:000262512800015
ER
PT B
AU Cooper, KP
Lambrakos, SG
AF Cooper, Khershed P.
Lambrakos, Samuel G.
GP TMS
TI DIRECT DIGITAL MANUFACTURING WITH LAYER-BY-LAYER MELT DEPOSITION
PROCESSES
SO TMS 2009 138TH ANNUAL MEETING & EXHIBITION - SUPPLEMENTAL PROCEEDINGS,
VOL 1: MATERIALS PROCESSING AND PROPERTIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 138th TMS Annual Meeting and Exhibition
CY FEB 15-19, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
DE Direct Digital Manufacturing; Powder-based Additive Processes; Thermal
Modeling
AB For additive or layer-by-layer fabrication techniques to transition from prototyping to manufacturing, they must be made reliable and consistent. Accordingly, detailed microstructural and thermal characterizations of the product are needed to advance manufacturing goals based on layer-by-layer melt deposition processes. The inherent complexity of layer-by-layer melt deposition processes, characteristic of energy and mass deposition processes in general, is such that process modeling based on theory, or the direct problem approach, is extremely difficult, especially due a paucity of temperature-dependent thermo-physical properties. This problem is compounded when direct digital manufacturing approaches, involving multi-material deposition, arc considered. A general approach to overcoming difficulties associated with this inherent complexity is the inverse problem approach. In this paper, we present further analysis of an algorithm for inverse modeling of heat transfer occurring during layer-by-layer melt deposition, which is potentially adaptable for prediction of temperature histories in samples made by these processes.
C1 [Cooper, Khershed P.; Lambrakos, Samuel G.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Cooper, KP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC
PI WARRENDALE
PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA
BN 978-0-87339-738-4
PY 2009
BP 351
EP 362
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering; Mineralogy
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy
GA BJC15
UT WOS:000264674000044
ER
PT J
AU Richter, RB
AF Richter, R. Bruce
BE Beineke, LW
Wilson, RJ
TI Graph minors: generalizing Kuratowski's theorem
SO TOPICS IN TOPOLOGICAL GRAPH THEORY
SE Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID TREE-WIDTH; SURFACES
C1 [Richter, R. Bruce] Univ Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Richter, R. Bruce] Carleton Univ, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
[Richter, R. Bruce] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Richter, R. Bruce] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Richter, R. Bruce] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
RP Richter, RB (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
EM brichter@math.uwaterloo.ca
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-521-80230-7
J9 ENCYCLOP MATH APPL
PY 2009
VL 128
BP 81
EP 110
D2 10.1017/CBO9781139087223
PG 30
WC Mathematics
SC Mathematics
GA BCK36
UT WOS:000310446800008
ER
PT J
AU Richter, RB
Salazar, G
AF Richter, R. Bruce
Salazar, G.
BE Beineke, LW
Wilson, RJ
TI Crossing numbers
SO TOPICS IN TOPOLOGICAL GRAPH THEORY
SE Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID X C-N; CRITICAL GRAPHS; CARTESIAN PRODUCTS; INFINITE FAMILIES; STRING
GRAPHS; CUBIC GRAPHS; CYCLES; BOUNDS; WIDTH; EDGE
C1 [Richter, R. Bruce] Univ Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Richter, R. Bruce] Carleton Univ, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
[Richter, R. Bruce] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Richter, R. Bruce] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Richter, R. Bruce] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Salazar, G.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, Inst Phys, San Luis Potosi, Mexico.
RP Richter, RB (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
EM brichter@math.uwaterloo.ca; gsalazar@cactus.iico.uaslp.mx
NR 62
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-521-80230-7
J9 ENCYCLOP MATH APPL
PY 2009
VL 128
BP 133
EP 150
D2 10.1017/CBO9781139087223
PG 18
WC Mathematics
SC Mathematics
GA BCK36
UT WOS:000310446800010
ER
PT B
AU Cooper, KP
Lambrakos, SG
AF Cooper, K. P.
Lambrakos, S. G.
BE David, SA
DebRoy, T
DuPont, JN
Koseki, T
Smartt, HB
TI Inverse Modeling of Layer-by-Layer Liquid-Metal Deposition
SO TRENDS IN WELDING RESEARCH
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 8th Interntional Conference on Trends in Welding Research
CY JUN 01-06, 2008
CL Pine Mountain, GA
SP ASTM Int, Japan Welding Soc, Assoc Iron & Steel Technol, Welding Inst, Amer Welding Soc
ID FABRICATION; COMPONENTS
AB In order that layer-by-layer fabrication techniques transition from prototyping to manufacturing, these techniques must be made reliable and consistent. Accordingly, detailed microstructural and thermal characterizations of the product are needed in order to advance manufacturing goals based on layer-by-layer deposition processes. The inherent complexity of layer-by-layer deposition processes, characteristic of energy and mass deposition processes in general, is such that process modeling based on theory, or the direct problem approach, is extremely difficult. A general approach to overcoming difficulties associated with this inherent complexity is the inverse problem approach. Presented here is further analysis of an algorithm for inverse modeling of heat transfer occurring during layer-by-layer deposition, which is potentially adaptable for prediction of temperature histories in samples that are made by layer-by-layer deposition processes.
C1 [Cooper, K. P.; Lambrakos, S. G.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Cooper, KP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASM INTERNATIONAL
PI MATERIALS PARK
PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA
BN 978-1-61503-002-6
PY 2009
BP 234
EP 240
DI 10.1361/cp2008twr234
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA BTU97
UT WOS:000288153100034
ER
PT B
AU Lambrakos, SG
Jones, HN
Zervaki, AD
Haidemenopoulos, GN
AF Lambrakos, S. G.
Jones, H. N.
Zervaki, A. D.
Haidemenopoulos, G. N.
BE David, SA
DebRoy, T
DuPont, JN
Koseki, T
Smartt, HB
TI Sensitivity Issues Concerning Inverse Heat Transfer Analysis of Welds
SO TRENDS IN WELDING RESEARCH
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 8th Interntional Conference on Trends in Welding Research
CY JUN 01-06, 2008
CL Pine Mountain, GA
SP ASTM Int, Japan Welding Soc, Assoc Iron & Steel Technol, Welding Inst, Amer Welding Soc
AB The construction of a general parameterization for inverse analysis of welding processes using incomplete or minimal experimental data, although demonstrated in principle, has yet to be firmly established. The structure of such a parameterization follows from the concepts of model and data spaces that imply the existence of an optimal parametric representation for a given class of inverse problems. Accordingly, the corresponding optimal parametric representation lies in the model space and is determined by the characteristics of the available data sets spanning the associated data space and the nature of the data sampling for purposes of parameter determination via the appropriate optimization methods. Data adopted for inverse heat-transfer analysis of welds includes solidification cross-sections, thermocouple measurements and microstructural changes. We discuss here the sensitivity of temperature histories, obtained by inverse analysis, with respect to shape characteristics of solidification cross-sections. An understanding of the nature of this sensitivity is significant for establishing the feasibility of a general parameterization of particular types of welding processes.
C1 [Lambrakos, S. G.; Jones, H. N.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Lambrakos, SG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Code 6390, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RI Haidemenopoulos, Gregory/C-6496-2014
OI Haidemenopoulos, Gregory/0000-0001-9071-0118
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASM INTERNATIONAL
PI MATERIALS PARK
PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA
BN 978-1-61503-002-6
PY 2009
BP 247
EP 253
DI 10.1361/cp2008twr247
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA BTU97
UT WOS:000288153100036
ER
PT B
AU Wolk, J
Davis, C
Salamanca-Riba, L
AF Wolk, J.
Davis, C.
Salamanca-Riba, L.
BE David, SA
DebRoy, T
DuPont, JN
Koseki, T
Smartt, HB
TI Microstructurel Evolution in Friction Stir Welding of Ti-5111
SO TRENDS IN WELDING RESEARCH
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 8th Interntional Conference on Trends in Welding Research
CY JUN 01-06, 2008
CL Pine Mountain, GA
SP ASTM Int, Japan Welding Soc, Assoc Iron & Steel Technol, Welding Inst, Amer Welding Soc
AB This study examines the microstructural evolution of FSW of Ti-5111. Ti-5111 was developed as a lower cost alternative to Ti-621/0.8Mo. A near alpha alloy, Ti-5111 has a composition of 5%Al-1%Sn-1%Zr-IV-0.8% Mo, and specified UTS of 100ksi with 10% elongation. Friction stir welds of Ti-5111 were successfully fabricated. Microstructural analysis through the use of optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy was performed on the welded specimens. Thermal simulations of the friction stir weld were also performed.
C1 [Wolk, J.; Davis, C.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA.
RP Wolk, J (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU ASM INTERNATIONAL
PI MATERIALS PARK
PA 9503 KINSMAN RD, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073 USA
BN 978-1-61503-002-6
PY 2009
BP 403
EP 406
DI 10.1361/cp2008twr403
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA BTU97
UT WOS:000288153100061
ER
PT S
AU Levin, TE
Dwoskin, JS
Bhaskara, G
Nguyen, TD
Clark, PC
Lee, RB
Irvine, CE
Benzel, TV
AF Levin, Timothy E.
Dwoskin, Jeffrey S.
Bhaskara, Ganesha
Nguyen, Thuy D.
Clark, Paul C.
Lee, Ruby B.
Irvine, Cynthia E.
Benzel, Terry V.
BE Chen, L
Mitchell, CJ
Martin, A
TI Securing the Dissemination of Emergency Response Data with an Integrated
Hardware-Software Architecture
SO TRUSTED COMPUTING, PROCEEDINGS
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on the Technical and Socio-Economic Aspects of
Trusted Computing (Trust 2009)
CY APR 06-08, 2009
CL St Hughs Coll, Oxford, ENGLAND
HO St Hughs Coll
DE Information Assurance; Computer Security; Policy Enforcement; Secret
Protection (SP); Transient Trust; Emergency Response
AB During many crises, access to sensitive emergency-support information is required to save lives and property. For example, for effective evacuations first responders need the names and addresses of non-ambulatory residents. Yet, currently, access to such information may riot be possible because government policy makers and third-party data providers lack confidence that today's IT systems will protect their data. Our approach to the management of emergency information provides first responders with temporary, transient access to sensitive information, and ensures that the information is revoked after the emergency. The following contributions are presented: a systematic analysis of the basic forms of trusted communication supported by the architecture; a comprehensive method for secure, distributed emergency state management; a method to allow a userspace application to securely display data: a multifaceted system analysis of the confinement of emergency information and the secure and complete revocation of access to that information at the closure of an emergency.
C1 [Levin, Timothy E.; Nguyen, Thuy D.; Clark, Paul C.; Irvine, Cynthia E.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Dwoskin, Jeffrey S.; Lee, Ruby B.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Bhaskara, Ganesha; Benzel, Terry V.] USC, Inst Informat Sci, Marina Del Rey, CA 90292 USA.
RP Levin, TE (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM levin@nps.edu; jdwoskin@princeton.edu; bhaskara@isi.edu;
tdnguyen@nps.edu; pcclark@nps.edu; rblee@princeton.edu; irvine@nps.edu;
tbenzel@isi.edu
FU National Science Foundation [0430566, CNS-0430487, CNS-0430598]; DARPA
ATO
FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science
Foundation under Grants No. CNS-0430566, CNS-0430487 and CNS-0430598
with support from DARPA ATO. This paper does not necessarily reflect the
views of the National Science Foundation or of DARPA ATO
NR 29
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-00586-2
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2009
VL 5471
BP 133
EP +
PG 4
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BJF36
UT WOS:000265423200009
ER
PT B
AU Roeper, DF
Chidambaram, D
AF Roeper, Donald F.
Chidambaram, Dev
BE Wolfe, GH
TI DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AN ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY COATING
TO PROTECT DEPLETED URANIUM-0.75 WT. % TITANIUM ALLOY
SO URANIUM: COMPOUNDS, ISOTOPES AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY;
CHROMATE CONVERSION COATINGS; CORROSION-RESISTANT COATINGS; MOLYBDENUM
OXIDE CATALYSTS; MICRO-RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY; DISSOLUTION MECHANISM;
AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; STEEL SURFACES; WATER REACTION
AB A coating that uses benign chemicals and an environmentally-friendly process has been developed to mitigate the corrosion of the depleted uranium (DU) - 0.75 wt. % titanium alloy. We describe the various stages, the method of selecting candidate materials, and the logical decisions that led to the development of a molybdate-based protective coating. We hope this chapter will be used by corrosion scientists as a model to formulate new coating materials from scratch. In addition to the coating, we have also extensively studied the alloy surface to enhance of understanding of the surface chemistry and the electrochemical behavior of the alloy at various stages of the coating process.
The surface chemistry and morphology of the alloy was studied using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and optical microscopy. The alloy surface revealed an acicular martensitic microstructure after chemical etching. Several impurities in the alloy have been identified and their prevalence has been found to vary from sample to sample, but they do not appear to affect the ability to form the coating. The electrochemistry of the alloy was studied using open circuit potential measurements and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. The coatings were also studied using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and optical microscopy.
Surface activation of the alloy by nitric acid was found to yield a more robust coating than by other techniques that had been tested. The acid-activated surface also forms a coating that offers corrosion protection after a period of aging. The corrosion protection ability of the coatings was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization testing in quiescent 0.05 M NaCl. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopic analysis of the coating was compared with that of the untreated DU alloy. While the as-made coating yielded Nyquist plots that were similar to the untreated samples which contained capacitive and inductive loops, the aged coating exhibited significantly different behavior and was modeled with an equivalent circuit containing four elements.
During the aging process, the component ions of the coating recombine to form the protective layer. Raman and Infrared spectroscopies have been performed to examine the chemistry during aging. Raman indicates that the coating has an octamolybdate structure and FTIR shows that uranyl hydroxide is present in the as-made coating but no longer apparent in the aged coatings, supporting the proposed mechanism describing the aging process of the coating. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the protective coating is primarily a polymolybdate bound to a uranyl ion.
This technique of forming the appropriate coating constituents and allowing them to recombine into a protective coating during an aging process can be applied to other metals and alloys. A review of prior work on corrosion and corrosion control is also presented.
C1 [Roeper, Donald F.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Chidambaram, Dev] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Roeper, DF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Chem Div Code 6130, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 172
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC
PI HAUPPAUGE
PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA
BN 978-1-60692-573-7
PY 2009
BP 1
EP 44
PG 44
WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA BLV13
UT WOS:000271126300001
ER
PT J
AU Richie, TL
Parekh, FK
AF Richie, Thomas L.
Parekh, Falgunee K.
BE Barrett, ADT
Stanberry, LR
TI Malaria
SO VACCINES FOR BIODEFENSE AND EMERGING AND NEGLECTED DISEASES
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; BLOOD-STAGE MALARIA; MEROZOITE SURFACE
PROTEIN-3; APICAL MEMBRANE ANTIGEN-1; YOELII CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN;
HUMORAL IMMUNE-RESPONSES; GLUTAMATE-RICH PROTEIN; VACCINIA VIRUS ANKARA;
PRIME-BOOST IMMUNIZATION; DUFFY-BINDING-PROTEIN
AB Malaria is the most important parasitic disease with its vast distribution across the tropics and subtropics, immense public health burden, and tremendous economic impact on affected populations. Efforts to control malaria are being conducted on multiple fronts including vector control through residual house spraying, distribution of insecticide-treated bednets and improved diagnosis and treatment, including the development of new drugs and drug combinations effective against resistant strains. Despite these efforts, malaria remains prevalent in at least 87 countries with approximately 40% of the world's population living at risk; the greatest burden of malaria falls on young children with one child dying from malaria every 30s. Civil disturbance, inadequate health infrastructure, and poverty contribute to the lack of effective control. Experience with other infections such as smallpox, measles, and polio demonstrates that vaccines can be a highly effective and cost-efficient method of controlling an infectious agent with global impact.
The complexity of the malarial parasite has made the task of developing an efficacious vaccine difficult. Malaria is a vector-borne disease caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus Plasmodium, and transmitted by the bite of an Anopheles mosquito. The Plasmodium parasite has a complex life cycle with multiple stages, differential expression of antigens with each stage, and a high degree of antigenic variability. Additionally, unlike smallpox, measles, and many other infectious agents, protective immunity develops slowly, requires repeated infections, is never strong enough to prevent reinfection, and is quickly lost in the absence of exposure. Despite these challenges, there are two models of immunity that support the feasibility of developing a malaria vaccine: (1) immunization with radiation-attenuated sporozoites, which induces sterile protection against the sporozoite and liver stages of the parasite and (2) naturally acquired immunity, which is characterized by partial protection against the asexual blood stages. These models provide the basis for many of the malaria vaccine candidates currently under development, including vaccines designed to prevent infection (targeting sporozoite and liver stages) or to prevent disease (targeting blood stages). In addition, the sexual stages of the parasite can be targeted by vaccines designed to prevent transmission, an intriguing approach aimed at communitywide as opposed to individual benefit.
Currently, over 50 malaria vaccine candidates have reached various stages of clinical development. Most are subunit vaccines based on one or few antigens, and target one particular stage of the parasite life cycle. The subunit vaccines are constructed using a variety of platforms, including synthetic peptides or recombinant protein in adjuvant, viral vectors, DNA plasmids, and prime-boost combinations of these platforms. As it has become more apparent that a single antigen may not be sufficient to induce strong protective immunity against such a complex organism, a multiantigen, multistage approach is also being explored. More recently, there is focus on the attenuated whole parasite approach, which precludes the need to identify the antigens or immune mechanisms associated with protection.
This chapter will provide a summary of the history, biology, epidemiology, and clinical pathology of this important disease, and will then review progress in developing an effective malaria vaccine for widespread use.
C1 [Richie, Thomas L.; Parekh, Falgunee K.] USN, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Med Res Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Richie, TL (reprint author), USN, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Med Res Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA.
OI Richie, Thomas/0000-0002-2946-5456
NR 489
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
BN 978-0-08-091902-7
PY 2009
BP 1309
EP 1364
DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-369408-9.00065-2
PG 56
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious
Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious
Diseases
GA BCR60
UT WOS:000311106000067
ER
PT S
AU Hoffman, ME
AF Hoffman, Michael E.
BE Bergvelt, M
Yamskulna, G
Zhao, W
TI Rooted Trees and Symmetric Functions: Zhao's Homomorphism and the
Commutative Hexagon
SO VERTEX OPERATOR ALGEBRAS AND RELATED AREAS
SE Contemporary Mathematics
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Vertex Operator Algebras and Related Areas
held in honor of Geoffery Mason
CY JUL 07-11, 2008
CL Illinois State Univ, Normal, IL
HO Illinois State Univ
DE Connes-Kreimer Hopf algebra; rooted trees; planar rooted trees;
quasi-symmetric functions; noncommutative symmetric functions
ID HOPF-ALGEBRAS
AB Recent work in perturbative quantum field theory has led to much study of the Connes-Kreimer Hopf algebra. Its (graded) dual, the Grossman-Larson Hopf algebra of rooted trees, had already been studied by algebraists. L. Foissy introduced a noncommutative version of the Connes-Kreimer Hopf algebra, which turns out to be self-dual. Using some homomorphisms defined by the author and W. Zhao, we describe a commutative diagram that relates the aforementioned Hopf algebras to each other and to the Hopf algebras of symmetric functions, noncommutative symmetric functions, and quasi-symmetric functions.
C1 USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Hoffman, ME (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM meh@usna.edu
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MATHEMATICAL SOC
PI PROVIDENCE
PA P.O. BOX 6248, PROVIDENCE, RI 02940 USA
SN 0271-4132
BN 978-0-8218-4840-1
J9 CONTEMP MATH
PY 2009
VL 497
BP 85
EP 95
PG 11
WC Mathematics
SC Mathematics
GA BOF17
UT WOS:000276431000007
ER
PT J
AU McWhorter, SK
Stander, VA
Merrill, LL
Thomsen, CJ
Milner, JS
AF McWhorter, Stephanie K.
Stander, Valerie A.
Merrill, Lex L.
Thomsen, Cynthia J.
Milner, Joel S.
TI Reports of Rape Reperpetration by Newly Enlisted Male Navy Personnel
SO VIOLENCE AND VICTIMS
LA English
DT Article
DE sexual assault; longitudinal study; perpetrator
AB This study examined the frequency and characteristics of repeated attempted and completed rape (ACR) incidents reported by newly enlisted male navy personnel (N = 1,146) who participated in a longitudinal study during the transition from civilian to military life. Overall, 13% (n = 144) reported engaging in sexual behavior that approximates legal definitions of ACR since the age of 14. Among those men, most (71%) reperpetrated ACR incidents (M = 6.36, SD = 9.55). Demographic variables were unrelated to perpetration history. Regardless of time period, respondents reported perpetrating primarily completed rather than attempted rape, perpetrating multiple ACR incidents rather than a single incident, using substances to incapacitate victims more frequently than force, and knowing their victim rather than targeting a stranger in completed rape incidents.
C1 [McWhorter, Stephanie K.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Behav Sci & Epidemiol Program, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
[Thomsen, Cynthia J.; Milner, Joel S.] No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA.
RP McWhorter, SK (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Behav Sci & Epidemiol Program, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
EM stephanie.mcwhorter@med.navy.mil
NR 49
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 5
PU SPRINGER PUBLISHING CO
PI NEW YORK
PA 11 WEST 42ND STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10036 USA
SN 0886-6708
J9 VIOLENCE VICTIMS
JI Violence Vict.
PY 2009
VL 24
IS 2
BP 204
EP 218
DI 10.1891/0886-6708.24.2.204
PG 15
WC Criminology & Penology
SC Criminology & Penology
GA V18ET
UT WOS:000207988800006
PM 19459400
ER
PT B
AU Harkins, RH
Dunbar, T
Boxerbaum, AS
Bachmann, RJ
Quinn, RD
AF Harkins, Richard H.
Dunbar, Thomas
Boxerbaum, Alexander S.
Bachmann, Richard J.
Quinn, Roger D.
GP IAENG
TI Confluence of Active and Passive Control Mechanisms Enabling Autonomy
and Terrain Adaptability for Robots in Variable Environments
SO WCECS 2008: ADVANCES IN ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING - IAENG
SPECIAL EDITION OF THE WORLD CONGRESS ON ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER
SCIENCE, PROCEEDINGS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Advances in Electrical and Electronics
Engineering held at the World Congress on Engineering and Computer
Sciences
CY OCT 22-24, 2008
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Int Assoc Engineers
DE Biologically inspired robotics; legged vehicles; field robotics;
advanced mobility; autonomous control
ID LOCOMOTION
AB We report the successful design and fabrication of an autonomous robot, dubbed the CASE/NPS Beach Whegs(TM) robot, capable of navigating the challenging terrain of the non-submersed surf-zone region based on abstracted biological inspiration. Abstracted biological inspiration attempts to distill salient biological principles and implement them using presently available technologies; its efficacy lies in the successful fusion of organic and inorganic architectures such that the proper level of influence of biology is established for optimum performance. The CASE/NPS Beach Whegs(TM) robot benefits from insect inspired mechanisms of locomotion for movement over challenging and different terrains. The robot's mechanics are an integrated and essential part of its control system. It does not have, or need, sensors and control circuits to actively change its gait. Instead, its mechanics cause it to passively adapt its gait appropriately to very different terrains. Therefore, its motor control circuits are reduced to controlling broad directives of the robot. Its navigational system is a higher-level circuit that communicates desired speed and heading to the local control system. The confluence of active and passive control mechanisms in the robot have resulted in a system with the simplicity of a wheeled vehicle that nevertheless facilitates the mobility of a legged vehicle.
C1 [Harkins, Richard H.; Dunbar, Thomas] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Boxerbaum, Alexander S.; Bachmann, Richard J.; Quinn, Roger D.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TR, Avon, England.
RP Harkins, RH (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM rharkins@nps.edu; tdunbar@nps.edu; asb22@case.edu; rjb3@case.edu;
rdq@case.edu
FU National University of Singapore; Dayton Area Graduate Studies Institute
(DAGSI); BioRobots, LLC.
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the contribution of the many students
at the US Naval Postgraduate School and Case Western Reserve University
who have contributed to this project over the past three years, Captain
(ret.) Jeffery E. Kline (USN) for mission definition and utility
insights, and the continued support of Dr. David Olwell and the
Department of Systems Engineering at the US Naval Postgraduate School.
We also cite the laboratory of Dr. Roy Ritzmann in the Departments of
Biology and Neuroscience at Case Western Reserve University for insights
and experiments into cockroach locomotion and Dr. Daniel Kingsley for
his ontributions to the original WhegsTM concept.. We also express our
warmest appreciation to the Temasek Defence Systems Institute (TDSI),
National University of Singapore for current and future support. Partial
support was also provided by the Dayton Area Graduate Studies Institute
(DAGSI) and BioRobots, LLC
NR 30
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA
BN 978-0-7695-3555-5
PY 2009
BP 138
EP +
DI 10.1109/WCECS.2008.25
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Electrical & Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BNZ18
UT WOS:000275915300017
ER
PT J
AU Westphal, DL
Curtis, CA
Liu, M
Walker, AL
AF Westphal, D. L.
Curtis, C. A.
Liu, M.
Walker, A. L.
BE Perez, JC
Baldasano, JM
TI Operational Aerosol and Dust Storm Forecasting
SO WMO/GEO EXPERT MEETING ON AN INTERNATIONAL SAND AND DUST STORM WARNING
SYSTEM
SE IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT WMO/GEO Expert Meeting on an International Sand amd Dust Storm Warning
System
CY NOV 07-09, 2007
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Barcelona Supercomp Ctr, World Meteorol Org, Grp Earth Observat, Agencia Estatal Meteorol, Consejo Super Investigac Cientif
ID MODEL; COAMPS
AB The U.S. Navy now conducts operational forecasting of aerosols and dust storms on global and regional scales. The Navy Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System (NAAPS) is run four times per day and produces 6-day forecasts of sulfate, smoke, dust and sea salt aerosol concentrations and visibility for the entire globe. The Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS(R)) is run twice daily for Southwest Asia and produces 3-day forecasts of dust, smoke, and visibility. The graphical output from these models is available on the Internet (www.nrlmry.navy.mil/aerosol/). The aerosol optical properties are calculated for each specie for each forecast output time and used for sea surface temperature (SST) retrieval corrections, regional electro-optical (EO) propagation assessments, and the development of satellite algorithms. NAAPS daily aerosol optical depth (AOD) values are compared with the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) AOD values. Visibility forecasts are compared quantitatively with surface synoptic reports.
C1 [Westphal, D. L.; Curtis, C. A.; Liu, M.; Walker, A. L.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Westphal, DL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
EM westphal@nrlmry.navy.mil
NR 14
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 9
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1755-1307
J9 IOP C SER EARTH ENV
JI IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Envir. Sci.
PY 2009
VL 7
AR 012007
DI 10.1088/1755-1307/7/1/012007
PG 6
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA BPZ92
UT WOS:000280453300007
ER
PT J
AU Rychnovsky, J
Hunter, LP
AF Rychnovsky, Jacqueline
Hunter, Lauren P.
TI THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SLEEP CHARACTERISTICS AND FATIGUE IN HEALTHY
POSTPARTUM WOMEN
SO WOMENS HEALTH ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID UNPLEASANT SYMPTOMS; WAKE BEHAVIORS; LATE PREGNANCY; INFANT SLEEP;
PATTERNS; MOTHERS; LOGS; INTERVENTION; ACTIGRAPH
AB Background. Postpartum sleep is a difficult and complicated concept to measure owing to the intrusive nature of research at a sensitive and private time for new families. Nurses often find themselves advising mothers on ways to improve sleep and reduce fatigue based on teachings that are not evidence based. The purpose of this secondary analysis of a larger study of postpartum fatigue patterns was to examine the relationship between sleep characteristics and postpartum fatigue during the first 6 weeks after delivery.
Methods. A prospective, longitudinal, descriptive study was conducted of 109 postpartum women. Sleep and fatigue were measured using a 16-item subjective sleep characteristics scale and a 30-statement subjective fatigue instrument. Three measurement points were used: 1) 1-2 days after delivery (before hospital discharge); 2) 2 weeks postpartum; and 3) 6 weeks postpartum.
Results. Fatigue had a positive correlation with sleep disturbance at all three measurement points, indicating that higher levels of fatigue are associated with more disturbed sleep. No association was found between levels of fatigue and sleep supplementation. Levels of fatigue had a negative correlation with sleep effectiveness at all measurement points, indicating that the women were more fatigued if they perceived their sleep quality and adequacy to be poor or if they perceived the time spent sleeping to be short.
Conclusions. To reduce fatigue, nurses should focus on exploring ways to reduce maternal sleep disturbance and improve maternal sleep effectiveness. It is unclear whether the age-old advice to "nap when your baby naps" is effective in reducing postpartum fatigue.
C1 [Rychnovsky, Jacqueline] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Nursing Res & Anal, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Hunter, Lauren P.] San Diego State Univ, Sch Nursing, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
RP Rychnovsky, J (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Nursing Res & Anal, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM j.rychnovsky@med.navy.mil
NR 32
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 5
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1049-3867
J9 WOMEN HEALTH ISS
JI Womens Health Iss.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2009
VL 19
IS 1
BP 38
EP 44
DI 10.1016/j.whi.2008.07.015
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies
GA 395AW
UT WOS:000262495400007
PM 19111786
ER
PT B
AU Bodnar, JW
Vane, R
Rogers, B
AF Bodnar, John W.
Vane, Russ
Rogers, Brian
BE Smith, CAP
Kisiel, KW
Morrison, JG
TI Hypothesis-Testing in a Biological Cartographic Virtual World
SO WORKING THROUGH SYNTHETIC WORLDS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS
AB The biological sciences are at a watershed where the technological advances in data collection and database populating are leading toward a new era in understanding living organisms. The newest biological disciplines, bioinformatics and systems biology, hold the key to the next level of understanding. There are multiple challenges that must be met before biologists can build a virtual world in which they can study, analyze, visualize, and simulate both organismal behavior, the goal of systems biology, and the evolution of life, the core of bioinformatics. The addition of GPS- and Mapquest-driven cartographic virtual worlds on our car dashboards has revolutionized the way we navigate. We believe that the next revolution in systems biology and bioinformatics will come from adding a similar set of cartographic virtual world tools to the biologist's toolbox. Here we focus on some of the visualization challenges required for a biologist to plan in silico experiments for hypothesis-testing while na01vi0gating a cartographic virtual world in which playing field size can vary by fifteen orders of magnitude.
C1 [Bodnar, John W.] SAIC, Mclean, VA 22102 USA.
[Bodnar, John W.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA USA.
[Bodnar, John W.] US Naval War Coll, Newport, RI USA.
[Bodnar, John W.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA USA.
[Bodnar, John W.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Bodnar, John W.] Stetson Univ, Deland, FL 32723 USA.
[Vane, Russ] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Rogers, Brian] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Wilmer Eye Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RP Bodnar, JW (reprint author), SAIC, Mclean, VA 22102 USA.
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASHGATE PUBLISHING LTD
PI ALDERSHOT
PA GOWER HOUSE, CROFT ROAD, ALDERSHOT GU11 3HR, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-7546-9430-4; 978-0-7546-7712-3
PY 2009
BP 79
EP 101
PG 23
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science,
Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Computer Science
GA BA7LE
UT WOS:000337623700007
ER
PT J
AU Teicher, DE
AF Teicher, Dario E.
BE Kindt, MT
Post, JM
Schneider, BR
TI The Mexican Drug Cartels: At War for Control of the US-Mexico Border
SO WORLDS MOST THREATENING TERRORIST NETWORKS AND CRIMINAL GANGS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Teicher, Dario E.] USN, War Coll, Distance Educ Program, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PALGRAVE
PI BASINGSTOKE
PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-230-62329-3
PY 2009
BP 209
EP 234
D2 10.1057/9780230623293
PG 26
WC International Relations; Political Science
SC International Relations; Government & Law
GA BSI91
UT WOS:000284582800010
ER
PT J
AU Leon, C
Habasaki, J
Ngai, KL
AF Leon, C.
Habasaki, J.
Ngai, K. L.
TI Many-ion Dynamics: The Common View of CM and MC
SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIKALISCHE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH
IN PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Ionically Conducting Glasses; Crystals and Melts; Glass-Forming
Substances; Dynamic Properties
ID NON-ARRHENIUS CONDUCTIVITY; YTTRIA-STABILIZED ZIRCONIA; IODIDE-SILVER
SELENATE; COUPLING MODEL; CONSTANT-LOSS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS;
NEUTRON-SCATTERING; GLASS-TRANSITION; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; STRUCTURAL
RELAXATION
AB For solution of the problem of conductivity relaxation and diffusion of ions in ionic conductors with high density of ions, it is essential not to neglect treatment of the effects of many-ion dynamics. This view is shared by the Coupling Model (CM) and the MIGRATION CONCEPT (MC), although the treatment, emphasis and some predictions of the two models are different. Notwithstanding, a basic element is common to both models, namely the primitive relaxation, which performs two important functions. It terminates the caged ion dynamics at short times and initiates the many-ion dynamics at longer times. We demonstrate by experiments and molecular dynamics simulations the existence of the primitive relaxation, and the two functions it performs. The relation of the primitive relaxation time to the conductivity relaxation time predicted by the CM is shown to hold in all cases considered.
C1 [Ngai, K. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Leon, C.] Univ Complutense Madrid, Dpto Fis Aplicada 3, GFMC, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
[Habasaki, J.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2268502, Japan.
RP Ngai, KL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM ngai@estd.nrl.navy.mil
RI Leon, Carlos/A-5587-2008; Habasaki, Junko/B-9283-2015
OI Leon, Carlos/0000-0002-3262-1843; Habasaki, Junko/0000-0002-2887-2340
FU Spanish MCYT [MAT2005-06024-C02, MAT2008-06517-C02]; Office of Naval
Research; Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture, Japan
[19540396]
FX We thank J. Santamaria, A. Rivera and A. F. Fuentes for helpful
scientific discussions about the dynamics of mobile ions. The work at
Universidad Complutense de Madrid is supported by Spanish MCYT
(MAT2005-06024-C02 and MAT2008-06517-C02). At NRL, it is supported by
the Office of Naval Research. At the Tokyo Institute of Technology, it
is supported by the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture,
Japan, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), 19540396, 2007-2009.
NR 65
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 3
PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH
PI BERLIN
PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0942-9352
J9 Z PHYS CHEM
JI Z. Phys. Chemie-Int. J. Res. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
PY 2009
VL 223
IS 10-11
BP 1311
EP 1325
DI 10.1524/zpch.2009.6081
PG 15
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 538DB
UT WOS:000273163300013
ER
PT J
AU Mahowald, N
Jickells, TD
Baker, AR
Artaxo, P
Benitez-Nelson, CR
Bergametti, G
Bond, TC
Chen, Y
Cohen, DD
Herut, B
Kubilay, N
Losno, R
Luo, C
Maenhaut, W
McGee, KA
Okin, GS
Siefert, RL
Tsukuda, S
AF Mahowald, Natalie
Jickells, Timothy D.
Baker, Alex R.
Artaxo, Paulo
Benitez-Nelson, Claudia R.
Bergametti, Gilles
Bond, Tami C.
Chen, Ying
Cohen, David D.
Herut, Barak
Kubilay, Nilgun
Losno, Remi
Luo, Chao
Maenhaut, Willy
McGee, Kenneth A.
Okin, Gregory S.
Siefert, Ronald L.
Tsukuda, Seigen
TI Global distribution of atmospheric phosphorus sources, concentrations
and deposition rates, and anthropogenic impacts
SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
LA English
DT Review
ID WESTERN NORTH-ATLANTIC; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT;
LEVANTINE BASIN; PARTICULATE MATTER; AEROSOL-PARTICLES; MEDITERRANEAN
SEA; NATIONAL CENTER; SURFACE-WATER; CENTRAL JAPAN
AB A worldwide compilation of atmospheric total phosphorus (TP) and phosphate (PO4) concentration and deposition flux observations are combined with transport model simulations to derive the global distribution of concentrations and deposition fluxes of TP and PO4. Our results suggest that mineral aerosols are the dominant source of TP on a global scale (82%), with primary biogenic particles (12%) and combustion sources (5%) important in nondusty regions. Globally averaged anthropogenic inputs are estimated to be similar to 5 and 15% for TP and PO4, respectively, and may contribute as much as 50% to the deposition over the oligotrophic ocean where productivity may be phosphorus-limited. There is a net loss of TP from many (but not all) land ecosystems and a net gain of TP by the oceans (560 Gg P a(-1)). More measurements of atmospheric TP and PO4 will assist in reducing uncertainties in our understanding of the role that atmospheric phosphorus may play in global biogeochemistry.
C1 [Mahowald, Natalie; Luo, Chao] Cornell Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Jickells, Timothy D.; Baker, Alex R.] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.
[Benitez-Nelson, Claudia R.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Geol Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Benitez-Nelson, Claudia R.] Univ S Carolina, Marine Sci Program, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Bergametti, Gilles; Losno, Remi] Univ Paris 07, Lab Interuniv Syst Atmospher, F-94010 Creteil, France.
[Bergametti, Gilles; Losno, Remi] Univ Paris 12, CNRS, UMR7583, F-94010 Creteil, France.
[Bond, Tami C.] Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Chen, Ying] Trinity Consultants, Irvine, CA 92618 USA.
[Cohen, David D.] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia.
[Herut, Barak] Natl Inst Oceanog, IL-31080 Haifa, Israel.
[Kubilay, Nilgun] Middle E Tech Univ, Inst Marine Sci, TR-33731 Erdemli, Turkey.
[Artaxo, Paulo] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-01498 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Maenhaut, Willy] Univ Ghent, Inst Nucl Sci, Dept Analyt Chem, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
[McGee, Kenneth A.] US Geol Survey, Vancouver, WA USA.
[Okin, Gregory S.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Geog, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
[Siefert, Ronald L.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Tsukuda, Seigen] Kyoto Univ, Lab Forest Informat, Div Forestry & Biomat Sci, Grad Sch Agr, Kyoto, Japan.
RP Mahowald, N (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RI Baker, Alex/D-1233-2011; Bond, Tami/A-1317-2013; Mahowald,
Natalie/D-8388-2013; Maenhaut, Willy/M-3091-2013; Artaxo,
Paulo/E-8874-2010;
OI Baker, Alex/0000-0002-8365-8953; Bond, Tami/0000-0001-5968-8928;
Mahowald, Natalie/0000-0002-2873-997X; Maenhaut,
Willy/0000-0002-4715-4627; Artaxo, Paulo/0000-0001-7754-3036;
Benitez-Nelson, Claudia/0000-0002-1004-5048; Cohen,
David/0000-0002-1209-9234; Okin, Gregory/0000-0002-0484-3537
FU NSF-Carbon and Water [ATM0628472]; NASA-IDS [NNG06G127G]
FX We would like to thank Jenny Hand (CIRA), Ying- Ping Wang (CSIRO),
Kathleen Treseder (UCI), and two anonymous reviewers, whose comments
improved this manuscript. NM would like to acknowledge the assistance of
NSF-Carbon and Water (ATM0628472) and NASA-IDS (NNG06G127G). WM is
indebted to the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office for research
support.
NR 103
TC 189
Z9 198
U1 15
U2 143
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0886-6236
EI 1944-9224
J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY
JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle
PD DEC 31
PY 2008
VL 22
IS 4
AR GB4026
DI 10.1029/2008GB003240
PG 19
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 390MW
UT WOS:000262169400002
ER
PT J
AU Othon, CM
Laracuente, A
Ladouceur, HD
Ringeisen, BR
AF Othon, Christina M.
Laracuente, Arnaldo
Ladouceur, H. D.
Ringeisen, Bradley R.
TI Sub-micron parallel laser direct-write
SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser induced forward transfer; LIFT; Direct-write; Nanopatterning;
Nanoholes; Laser processing
ID LATEX-PARTICLES; METAL; PULSES; MICROSPHERES; DEPOSITION; OPTIMIZATION;
MECHANISM; ABLATION; FILMS
AB We have developed a modified laser induced forward transfer ( LIFT) technique which allows for the parallel deposition of hundreds of sub-micron features. The approach utilizes a self-assembled monolayer of monodisperse polystyrene microspheres as the focusing element. A monolayer of close-packed microspheres is formed on top of an ultra-thin quartz support ( 25 mm thick), and a metallic thin film is then deposited on the underside of the quartz. This approach is different from previous parallel microsphere-assisted LIFT experiments that required the deposition of metal directly onto the surface of the periodic microsphere structure. For this study, an 800 nm, 130 fs laser pulse was directed toward the microsphere layer to focus the incident laser beam through the thin quartz layer to the quartz-metal interface. At this interface, a portion of the thin metal film was ablated directly below each microsphere, resulting in an array of holes in the thin metal film. The metal removed from the film was patterned onto a receiving substrate to form an array of discrete deposits. In some cases, a two layer thin film was utilized resulting in the forward transfer of bilayer metal features. The holes and deposited features were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and scanning Auger electron spectroscopy. The diameter of the holes (0.5-5 mu m) as well as the diameter (0.9-5 mu m) and quality of the deposited metallic features were modulated by varying the sphere size, incident laser energy, and material composition. Published by Elsevier B. V.
C1 [Othon, Christina M.; Laracuente, Arnaldo; Ladouceur, H. D.; Ringeisen, Bradley R.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Ringeisen, BR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave SW,Code 6113, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM bradley.ringeisen@nrl.navy.mil
RI Othon, Christina /B-6685-2014
FU National Research Council; Office of Naval Research through the Naval
Research Laboratory [62123N]
FX We would like to thank Andrew Baronavski, Jeffery Owrutsky, and Paul
Sheehan for their contributions to this work. Christina Othon would like
to thank the National Research Council for her postdoctoral research
fellowship. This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research through
the Naval Research Laboratory PE#62123N.
NR 40
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 4
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-4332
J9 APPL SURF SCI
JI Appl. Surf. Sci.
PD DEC 30
PY 2008
VL 255
IS 5
BP 3407
EP 3413
DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2008.09.058
PN 2
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 378CR
UT WOS:000261299200144
ER
PT J
AU Hyun, KH
Hogan, PJ
AF Hyun, Kyung Hoon
Hogan, Patrick J.
TI Topographic effects on the path and evolution of Loop Current Eddies
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; CURRENT EDDY INTERACTION; WESTERN GULF; KINEMATIC
PROPERTIES; VERTICAL COORDINATE; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; SURFACE VORTEX;
SLOPE; MODEL; CIRCULATION
AB Eddy-topography (ET) interactions are important in determining the path and evolution of oceanic eddies, including Loop Current Eddies (LCE) in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM). We use the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model and satellite altimetry data to investigate the ET interactions and the impact on LCE pathway evolution in the GOM. Satellite altimetry reveals that LCEs translate dominantly westward in the central GOM and strongly collide and reflect against topography near the continental slope in the northern and western GOM. The result is the frequent generation of an anticyclone-cyclone (AC) pair in conjunction with the LCEs. In the absence of lateral or surface boundary forcing but including realistic topography, simulations initialized with idealized eddies at various locations in the GOM reveal the following results. Southward eddy reflection from the northern slope occurs when a cyclone drastically strengthens east of the anticyclone because of the ET collision. The prevailing westward propagation in the central GOM occurs because the cyclone is very dispersive toward nearby topographic features, causing a reduced southward component of drift and/or moves to the south, forming a meridional AC pair, causing an enhanced westward component. ET collision is strongest over the northwestern slope (north of 24 degrees N) because of the eddy colliding relatively normal to the steep slope, and the eddy typically tracks anticyclonic pathways during the collision/reflection process. Along the western slope, a strong ET collision produces a southeastward reflection, and the accompanying cyclone to the northeast strongly enhances the reflection. Near the southern GOM slope, eddy pathways tend to propagate alongslope with an onshore-offshore oscillatory trajectory because of the competition between topographic and planetary beta effects. In the southwestern GOM a bimodal pathway occurs, i.e., northward migration with an anticyclonic route for relatively stronger eddies and southward dissipative propagation along the shelf edge for weaker ones.
C1 [Hogan, Patrick J.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[Hyun, Kyung Hoon] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
RP Hyun, KH (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Box 8208, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM khyun@ncsu.edu
FU Office of Naval Research [601153N]
FX This paper is a contribution to the 6.1 project "Shelf to Slope
Energetics and Exchange Dynamics (SEED)'' under program element 601153N
and the 6.2 project Coastal Ocean Nesting Studies (CO-NESTS) under
program element 601153N, both sponsored by the Office of Naval Research.
We thank Alan Wallcraft (NRLSSC) for his contribution in the development
of HYCOM and the use of ARSC HPC computers. We thank Steven Herbette
(JRC/IES) for providing the source code used for the eddy initialization
and Charlie Barron (NRLSSC) for the use of MODAS data. We thank two
anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and suggestions,
which greatly improved this paper.
NR 48
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD DEC 30
PY 2008
VL 113
IS C12
AR C12026
DI 10.1029/2007JC004155
PG 19
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 390NO
UT WOS:000262171200001
ER
PT J
AU Mahadik, NA
Qadri, SB
Rao, MV
AF Mahadik, Nadeemullah A.
Qadri, Syed B.
Rao, Mulpuri V.
TI In situ strain measurements on GaN/AlGaN Schottky diodes with variable
bias
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminium compounds; gallium compounds; III-V semiconductors;
piezoelectricity; Schottky diodes; wide band gap semiconductors; X-ray
diffraction
ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; ALGAN/GAN HEMTS; QUANTUM-WELLS; GAN;
HETEROSTRUCTURE; PERFORMANCE; GROWTH; CHARGE
AB In situ high resolution x-ray diffraction measurements were performed on AlGaN/GaN Schottky diodes under variable bias conditions. The results show a linear variation in strain for the GaN channel with bias. For forward bias conditions, an in-plane tensile strain was observed, whereas for reverse bias a compressive strain was present. A discontinuity in the strain for the reverse bias measurements was also present because the width of the carrier depletion region exceeds the similar to 2 mu m GaN layer. The linear variation in the strain caused by variable bias may be due to a change in the piezoelectric charge at the AlGaN/GaN interface.
C1 [Mahadik, Nadeemullah A.; Rao, Mulpuri V.] George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Qadri, Syed B.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Mahadik, NA (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM qadri@anvil.nrl.navy.mil
RI Mahadik, Nadeemullah/C-8551-2009
FU NSF [ECS-0330226]; (U.S.) ARO [W911NF-04-1-0428]
FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Michael Miller and Dr. Steven Binari
from Naval Research Laboratory for their useful discussions in preparing
the manuscript and providing the samples. This material is based on the
work supported by NSF Award No. ECS-0330226 and (U.S.) ARO (Dr. Prater)
Award No. W911NF-04-1-0428.
NR 24
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD DEC 29
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 26
AR 262106
DI 10.1063/1.3063125
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 391HZ
UT WOS:000262225700039
ER
PT J
AU Dunlap, BI
AF Dunlap, Brett I.
TI Variational, V-representable, and variable-occupation-number
perturbation theories
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE density functional theory; matrix inversion; orbital calculations;
perturbation theory; SCF calculations; variational techniques
ID APPROXIMATE COULOMB POTENTIALS; AUXILIARY BASIS-SETS; ROW ATOMS;
DENSITY; OPTIMIZATION; ENERGIES; ALPHA
AB Density-functional perturbation theory with variationally fitted Kohn-Sham (KS) potentials is described. Requiring the Fock matrix and density matrix to commute through each order of perturbation theory determines the off-diagonal elements of the density matrix, and thus the effect of changing occupation numbers in density-functional perturbation theory. At each order of perturbation theory, the change in occupation numbers at that order enters only the diagonal part of the density matrix. The theory contains no phases, and a limiting process relates the rest of the diagonal density matrix element, obtained from wave function perturbation theory, to the off-diagonal part, obtained by commutation. V-representable density-functional theory is most practical when the KS potential is expanded in a finite basis to create the Sambe-Felton (SF) potential of analytic density-functional theory. This reduces the dimensionality of perturbation theory from order N-2 in the orbital basis to order N in the SF basis. Computing the (occupied-virtual)(2), i.e., N-4, sum over states once at the end of a self-consistent-field molecular orbital calculation removes the orbitals from all higher orders of perturbation theory. The rank-N-2 iterative coupled-perturbed equations are replaced by rank-N matrix inversion, to fit variationally the perturbed SF potential at each order. As an example of the 2n+1 rule of perturbation theory, the variational, first-order potential is used to give precise second and third derivatives of the energy with respect to occupation number. The hardness and hyperhardness are computed for a standard set of molecules. Both are essentially independent of how the variational SF potential is constrained for four different constraint combinations. With variational fitting, the precision of derivatives and the fidelity of the fit to the SF potential are not related. Analytic derivatives are accurate to machine precision for any constraint and all fitting basis sets.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Theoret Chem Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Dunlap, BI (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Theoret Chem Sect, Code 6189, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM dunlap@nrl.navy.mil
OI Dunlap, Brett/0000-0003-1356-6559
FU Office of Naval Research; Naval Research Laboratory
FX Discussions with Dr. Jan Andzelm, Dr. Shashi Karna, and Dr. Igor
Schweigert are greatly appreciated. Professor Notker Rosch provided a
much appreciated month of discussions in Munich, Germany. The Office of
Naval Research, directly and through the Naval Research Laboratory
supported this research.
NR 30
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD DEC 28
PY 2008
VL 129
IS 24
AR 244109
DI 10.1063/1.3042143
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 391IK
UT WOS:000262226800011
PM 19123497
ER
PT J
AU Hwang, PA
AF Hwang, Paul A.
TI Observations of swell influence on ocean surface roughness
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID MEAN-SQUARE SLOPE; WIND-GENERATED WAVES; RADAR CROSS-SECTION; SHORT
GRAVITY-WAVES; SEA-SURFACE; NUMBER SPECTRA; MODEL; EQUILIBRIUM;
BACKSCATTER; STRESS
AB Field measurements of the ocean surface wave spectrum focusing on the slope-contributing components are used to construct a spectral model of the ocean surface roughness. The spectral parameterization is established with the observed empirical power law relation between the dimensionless wave spectral density and wind speed. The power law parameters (proportionality coefficient and exponent) are shown to be modified by swell. Discussions are presented on the swell effects of spectral properties, including their wind speed dependence and swell modification of roughness components characterizing Bragg resonance and surface tilting in radar application. Several notable results include the following: (1) With increasing swell intensity, the spectral density increases in the long- wave portion and decreases in the short-wave portion of the intermediate- scale waves. (2) There is a nodal point with respect to swell impact in the wave number dependence of the coefficient and exponent of the spectral parameterization function in the vicinity of wave number near 3 rad/m, suggesting that waves about a couple of meters long are insensitive to swell influence. (3) Spectral density in the decimeter length scale becomes less sensitive to wind speed variation as swell intensity increases. (4) Increasing swell influence shifts wave breaking toward shorter and broader scales.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Hwang, PA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7264,Bldg 2,Room 244E,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM paul.hwang@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research [62435N, 61153N, NRL/JA/7260-08-0241]
FX This work is sponsored by the Office of Naval Research (NRL program
element 62435N and 61153N; NRL contribution NRL/JA/7260-08-0241). Two
anonymous reviewers provided constructive suggestions and careful
reading of the manuscript. Reviewer 2 also offered several insightful
comments regarding the placing of the present work in the larger context
of previous studies and the concerns of limited range of parameters in
the study conditions restricting the generality of resulting
conclusions. Section 5.3 outlines his/her major concerns and the
relevant discussions.
NR 52
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD DEC 27
PY 2008
VL 113
IS C12
AR C12024
DI 10.1029/2008JC005075
PG 14
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 388TW
UT WOS:000262043100002
ER
PT J
AU Kurimura, M
Liu, H
Sulima, A
Hashimoto, A
Przybyl, AK
Ohshima, E
Kodato, S
Deschamps, JR
Dersch, CM
Rothman, RB
Lee, YS
Jacobson, AE
Rice, KC
AF Kurimura, Muneaki
Liu, Hehua
Sulima, Agnieszka
Hashimoto, Akihiro
Przybyl, Anna K.
Ohshima, Etsuo
Kodato, Shinichi
Deschamps, Jeffrey R.
Dersch, Christina M.
Rothman, Richard B.
Lee, Yong Sok
Jacobson, Arthur E.
Rice, Kenner C.
TI Probes for Narcotic Receptor Mediated Phenomena. 37.(1) Synthesis and
Opioid Binding Affinity of the Final Pair of Oxide-Bridged
Phenylmorphans, the Ortho- and Para-b-Isomers and Their N-Phenethyl
Analogues, and the Synthesis of the N-Phenethyl Analogues of the Ortho-
and Para-d-Isomers
SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS; AGONIST DELTA-ANTAGONIST; FORCED-SWIM TEST;
5-(META-HYDROXYPHENYL)MORPHAN
AB In the isomeric series of 12 racemic topologically rigid N-methyl analogues of oxide-bridged phenylmorphans, all but two of the racemates, the ortho- and para-b-oxide-bridged phenylmorphans 20 and 12, have remained to be synthesized. The b-isomers were very difficult to synthesize because of the highly strained 5,6-transfused ring junction that had to be formed. Our successful strategy required functionalization of the position para (or ortho) to a fluorine atom on the aromatic ring using an electron-withdrawing nitro group to activate that fluorine. The racemic N-phenethyl analogues 24 and 16 were moderately potent K-receptor antagonists in the [S-35]GTP gamma S assay. We synthesized the N-phenethyl-substituted oxide-bridged phenylmorphans in the ortho- and para-d-oxide-bridged phenylmorphan series (51 and 52) which had not been previously evaluated using contemporary receptor binding assays to see whether they also have higher affinity for opioid receptors than their N-methyl relatives 46 and 47.
C1 [Kurimura, Muneaki; Liu, Hehua; Sulima, Agnieszka; Hashimoto, Akihiro; Przybyl, Anna K.; Ohshima, Etsuo; Kodato, Shinichi; Jacobson, Arthur E.; Rice, Kenner C.] NIDA, Drug Design & Synth Sect, Chem Biol Res Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Kurimura, Muneaki; Liu, Hehua; Sulima, Agnieszka; Hashimoto, Akihiro; Przybyl, Anna K.; Ohshima, Etsuo; Kodato, Shinichi; Jacobson, Arthur E.; Rice, Kenner C.] NIAAA, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Dersch, Christina M.; Rothman, Richard B.] NIDA, Clin Psychopharmacol Sect, Chem Biol Res Branch, Addict Res Ctr,Natl Inst Hlth,Dept Hlth & Human S, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA.
[Lee, Yong Sok] NIH, Ctr Mol Modeling, Div Computat Biosci, CIT,DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Rice, KC (reprint author), NIDA, Drug Design & Synth Sect, Chem Biol Res Branch, 5625 Fishers Lane,Room 4N03, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
EM kr21f@nih.gov
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 DA999999]; NIDA NIH HHS [Y01 DA006002]
NR 21
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0022-2623
J9 J MED CHEM
JI J. Med. Chem.
PD DEC 25
PY 2008
VL 51
IS 24
BP 7866
EP 7881
DI 10.1021/jm800913d
PG 16
WC Chemistry, Medicinal
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 386IH
UT WOS:000261876400024
PM 19053757
ER
PT J
AU Di, ZF
Wang, YQ
Nastasi, M
Rossi, F
Shao, L
Thompson, PE
AF Di, Z. F.
Wang, Y. Q.
Nastasi, M.
Rossi, F.
Shao, L.
Thompson, P. E.
TI Effect of temperature on layer separation by plasma hydrogenation
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE diffusion; elemental semiconductors; Ge-Si alloys; high-temperature
effects; hydrogenation; molecular beam epitaxial growth; plasma
materials processing; point defects; semiconductor heterojunctions;
semiconductor materials; silicon
ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; SINGLE-CRYSTAL SILICON; DIFFUSION; DEFECTS;
SURFACE
AB We have studied hydrogen diffusion in plasma hydrogenated Si/SiGe/Si heterostructure at different temperatures. At low temperature, intrinsic point defects in the molecular beam epitaxy grown Si capping layer are found to compete with the buried strain SiGe layer for hydrogen trapping. The interaction of hydrogen with point defects affects the hydrogen long-range diffusion, and restricts the amount of hydrogen available for trapping by the SiGe layer. However, hydrogen trapping by the capping layer is attenuated with increasing hydrogenation temperature allowing more hydrogen to be trapped in the strain SiGe layer with subsequent surface blister formation. A potential temperature window for plasma hydrogenation induced layer separation is identified based on the combined considerations of trap-limited diffusion at low temperature and outdiffusion of H(2) molecule together with the dissociation of Si-H bonds inside of H platelet at high temperature.
C1 [Di, Z. F.; Wang, Y. Q.; Nastasi, M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Rossi, F.] European Comm, Joint Res Ctr, I-21020 Ispra, Va, Italy.
[Shao, L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Thompson, P. E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Di, ZF (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM dizengfeng@hotmail.com
RI di, zengfeng/B-1684-2010;
OI Rossi, Francois/0000-0003-3090-1398
NR 26
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD DEC 22
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 25
AR 254104
DI 10.1063/1.3054643
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 388GQ
UT WOS:000262008700056
ER
PT J
AU Morgan, CW
Kochanek, CS
Dai, XY
Morgan, ND
Falco, EE
AF Morgan, Christopher W.
Kochanek, Christopher. S.
Dai, Xinyu
Morgan, Nicholas D.
Falco, Emilio E.
TI X-RAY AND OPTICAL MICROLENSING IN THE LENSED QUASAR PG 1115+080
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion, accretion disks; dark matter; gravitational lensing; quasars:
individual (PG 1115+080)
ID GRAVITATIONAL LENS; ACCRETION DISKS; TIME DELAYS; IRON LINE; CHANDRA
OBSERVATIONS; EMISSION REGIONS; BLACK-HOLES; XMM-NEWTON; MCG-6-30-15;
GALAXIES
AB We analyzed the microlensing of the X-ray and optical emission of the lensed quasar PG 1115+080. We find that the effective radius of the X-ray emission is 1.3(-0.5)(+1.1) dex smaller than that of the optical emission. Viewed as a thin disk observed at inclination angle i, the optical accretion disk has a scale length, defined by the point where the disk temperature matches the rest-frame energy of the monitoring band (kT = hc/lambda(rest) with lambda(rest) 0: 3 mu m), of log{(r(s,opt)/cm)[cos(i)/0.5](1/2)} = 16.6 +/- 0.4. The X-ray emission region (1.4-21.8 keV in the rest frame) has an effective half-light radius of log (r(1/2,x)/cm) = 15.6(-0.9)(+0.6). Given an estimated black hole mass of 1.2 x 10(9) M circle dot, corresponding to a gravitational radius of log (r(g)/cm) = 14.3, the X-ray emission is generated near the inner edge of the disk, while the optical emission comes from scales slightly larger than those expected for an Eddington-limited thin disk. We find a weak trend supporting models with low stellar mass fractions near the lensed images, in mild contradiction to inferences from the stellar velocity dispersion and the time delays.
C1 [Morgan, Christopher W.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Morgan, Christopher W.; Kochanek, Christopher. S.; Dai, Xinyu; Morgan, Nicholas D.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Kochanek, Christopher. S.; Dai, Xinyu] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Falco, Emilio E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Morgan, CW (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, 572C Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RI Dai, Xinyu/B-5735-2011
OI Dai, Xinyu/0000-0001-9203-2808
FU NSF [AST 0708082, HST-GO-9744, NAS-5-26666]; Space Telescope Science
Institute; Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc
FX C. S. K. acknowledges support from NSF grant AST 0708082. This research
made extensive use of a Beowulf computer cluster obtained through the
Cluster Ohio program of the Ohio Supercomputer Center. Support for
program HST-GO-9744 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space
Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of
Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract
NAS-5-26666. We would like to thank P. Schechter, J. Blackburne, S.
Kozlowski, and D. Pooley for identifying and helping to resolve
technical issues with measurements of the A1/A2 flux ratio.
NR 65
TC 67
Z9 67
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2008
VL 689
IS 2
BP 755
EP 761
DI 10.1086/592767
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 376NF
UT WOS:000261189600008
ER
PT J
AU Patsourakos, S
Klimchuk, JA
AF Patsourakos, S.
Klimchuk, J. A.
TI STATIC AND IMPULSIVE MODELS OF SOLAR ACTIVE REGIONS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE hydrodynamics; Sun: corona
ID SOFT-X-RAY; CORONAL LOOPS; PARAMETERS; NANOFLARES; DYNAMICS; FIELD; MOSS
AB The physical modeling of active regions (ARs) and of the global corona is receiving increasing interest lately. Recent attempts to model ARs using static equilibrium models were quite successful in reproducing AR images of hot soft X-ray (SXR) loops. They however failed to predict the bright extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) warm loops permeating ARs: the synthetic images were dominated by intense footpoint emission. We demonstrate that this failure is due to the very weak dependence of loop temperature on loop length which cannot simultaneously account for both hot and warm loops in the same AR. We then consider time-dependent AR models based on nanoflare heating. We demonstrate that such models can simultaneously reproduce EUV and SXR loops in ARs. Moreover, they predict radial intensity variations consistent with the localized core and extended emissions in SXR and EUV AR observations, respectively. We finally show how the AR morphology can be used as a gauge of the properties ( duration, energy, spatial dependence, and repetition time) of the impulsive heating.
C1 [Patsourakos, S.; Klimchuk, J. A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Patsourakos, S.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Inst Computat Sci, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RP Patsourakos, S (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM patsourakos@nrl.navy.mil
RI Klimchuk, James/D-1041-2012
OI Klimchuk, James/0000-0003-2255-0305
FU NASA; ONR
FX Research supported by NASA and ONR. We acknowledge useful discussions
with the members of the ISSI team "The role of Spectroscopic and Imaging
Data in Understanding Coronal Heating'' ( team Parenti).
NR 25
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2008
VL 689
IS 2
BP 1406
EP 1411
DI 10.1086/592683
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 376NF
UT WOS:000261189600057
ER
PT J
AU Lauter, M
Giraldo, FX
Handorf, D
Dethloff, K
AF Laeuter, Matthias
Giraldo, Francis X.
Handorf, Doerthe
Dethloff, Klaus
TI A discontinuous Galerkin method for the shallow water equations in
spherical triangular coordinates
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Finite elements; Finite volumes; Shallow water equations; Triangular
grid; Spherical geometry; Surface
ID MONOMIAL CUBATURE RULES; SPECTRAL ELEMENT METHOD; HYPERBOLIC SYSTEMS;
ROTATING SPHERE; MODEL; INTEGRATION; DISCRETIZATION; APPROXIMATIONS;
COMPILATION; ATMOSPHERE
AB A global model of the atmosphere is presented governed by the shallow water equations and discretized by a Runge-Kutta discontinuous Galerkin method on an unstructured triangular grid. The shallow water equations on the sphere, a two-dimensional surface in R-3, are locally represented in terms of spherical triangular coordinates, the appropriate local coordinate mappings on triangles. On every triangular grid element, this leads to a two-dimensional representation of tangential momentum and therefore only two discrete momentum equations.
The discontinuous Galerkin method consists of an integral formulation which requires both area (elements) and line (element faces) integrals. Here, we use a Rusanov numerical flux to resolve the discontinuous fluxes at the element faces. A strong stability-preserving third-order Runge-Kutta method is applied for the time discretization. The polynomial space of order k on each curved triangle of the grid is characterized by a Lagrange basis and requires high-order quadature rules for the integration over elements and element faces. For the presented method no mass matrix inversion is necessary, except in a preprocessing step.
The validation of the atmospheric model has been done considering standard tests from Williamson et al. [D.L.Williamson,J.B. Drake,J.J. Hack, R.Jakob, P.N. Swarztrauber, A standard test set for numerical approximations to the shallow water equations in spherical geometry, J. Comput. Phys. 102 (1992)211-224], unsteady analytical solutions of the nonlinear shallow water equations and a barotropic instability caused by an initial perturbation of a jet stream. A convergence rate of O(Delta chi(k+1)) was observed in the model experiments. Furthermore, a numerical experiment is presented, for which the third-order time-integration method lim- its the model error. Thus, the time step Delta t is restricted by both the CFL-condition and accuracy demands. Conservation of mass was shown up to machine precision and energy conservation converges for both increasing grid resolution and increasing polynomial order k. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Laeuter, Matthias; Handorf, Doerthe; Dethloff, Klaus] Helmholtz Assoc, Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, D-14401 Potsdam, Germany.
[Giraldo, Francis X.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Lauter, M (reprint author), Helmholtz Assoc, Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, POB 60 01 49, D-14401 Potsdam, Germany.
EM Matthias.Laeuter@awi.de
RI Dethloff, Klaus/B-4879-2014
NR 50
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 4
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0021-9991
EI 1090-2716
J9 J COMPUT PHYS
JI J. Comput. Phys.
PD DEC 20
PY 2008
VL 227
IS 24
BP 10226
EP 10242
DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2008.08.019
PG 17
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA 376UD
UT WOS:000261207600014
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, BJ
Lin, BC
Dinderman, MA
Rubin, RA
Malanoski, AP
Ligler, FS
AF Johnson, Brandy J.
Lin, Baochuan
Dinderman, Michael A.
Rubin, Robert A.
Malanoski, Anthony P.
Ligler, Frances S.
TI Impact of cranberry on Escherichia coli cellular surface characteristics
SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Vaccinium macrocarpon; Cranberry; Proanthocyandin; Anti-adhesive;
Antibacterial
ID BACTERIAL ANTIADHESION ACTIVITY; INHIBIT ADHERENCE; POLYMERIC
PROCYANIDINS; UROEPITHELIAL CELLS; CONDENSED TANNINS; IN-VITRO;
PROANTHOCYANIDINS; ADHESION; JUICE; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES
AB The anti-adhesive effects of cranberry have been attributed to both interactions of its components with the surface of bacterial cells and to inhibition of p-fimbriae expression. Previous reports also suggested that the presence of cranberry juice changed the Gram stain characteristics of Escherichia coli. Here, we show that the morphology of E. coli is changed when grown in the presence of juice or extract from Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry). Gene expression analysis indicates the down regulation of flagellar basal body rod and motor proteins. Consistent with this finding and previous reports, the SEM images indicate a decrease in the visible p-fimbriae. The iodine used in Gram-staining protocols was found to interact differently with the bacterial membrane when cells were Cultured in spiked media. Slight alterations in the Gram stain protocol demonstrated that Culturing in the Presence of cranberry juice does not change the Grain stain characteristics contradicting other reports. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Johnson, Brandy J.; Lin, Baochuan; Dinderman, Michael A.; Malanoski, Anthony P.; Ligler, Frances S.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Rubin, Robert A.] Independent Res, Whittier, CA 90603 USA.
RP Johnson, BJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW,Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM brandy.white@nrl.navy.mil
RI Malanoski, Anthony/C-7814-2011; Johnson, Brandy/B-3462-2008; Lin,
Baochuan/A-8390-2009
OI Malanoski, Anthony/0000-0001-6192-888X; Johnson,
Brandy/0000-0002-3637-0631; Lin, Baochuan/0000-0002-9484-0785
FU Naval Research Laboratory [NRL 6.1 WU8764]
FX This research was sponsored by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL 6.1
WU#8764). We applied the SDC approach ("sequence-determines-credit") for
determining the sequence of authors [34]. The views expressed here are
those of the authors and do not represent those of the US Navy, the US
Department of Defense, of the US Government.
NR 33
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 7
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0006-291X
J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO
JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
PD DEC 19
PY 2008
VL 377
IS 3
BP 992
EP 994
DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.10.098
PG 3
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA 380IH
UT WOS:000261458900049
PM 18957286
ER
PT J
AU Bogoslovov, RB
Roland, CM
Czub, J
Urban, S
AF Bogoslovov, R. B.
Roland, C. M.
Czub, J.
Urban, S.
TI Interaction Potential in Nematogenic 6CHBT
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID NEMATIC LIQUID-CRYSTALS; HIGH-PRESSURE; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; X-RAY;
PHASE; DYNAMICS; DIFFUSION; N=2-10; NBT
AB Pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) measurements were carried out on the nematic liquid crystal 4(trans-4'-n-hexylcyclohexyl)isothiocyanatobenzene (6CHBT). In combination with previous dielectric relaxation measurements at elevated pressure and new measurements extending to GHz frequencies, the characteristics of the anisotropic interaction potential were determined. The thermodynamic potential parameter, F, which measures the variation of the interaction energy with volume, equals 5.03 +/- 0.06, with a barrier height equal to similar to 7 kJ/mol. Thus, there is a low potential barrier to reorientations of the 6CHBT molecule about its short axis; however, the retarding potential is strongly volume-dependent. The longitudinal reorientational times determined for various thermodynamic conditions superpose using a scaling exponent equal to F within the experimental error. It then follows, as found recently for other liquid crystals, that this relaxation time must be constant along the pressure-dependent clearing line. Thus, the control parameter (e.g., Gibbs free energy) governing the competition between the anisotropic energy and the entropy must also govern the rotational dynamics in the ordered phase of this liquid crystal.
C1 [Bogoslovov, R. B.; Roland, C. M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Czub, J.; Urban, S.] Jagiellonian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland.
RP Roland, CM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM roland@nrl.navy.mil; ufurban@cyf-kr.edu.pl
FU Office of Naval Research; American Society for Engineering Education
FX The work at the Naval Research Laboratory was supported by the Office of
Naval Research. R.B. acknowledges the American Society for Engineering
Education for a postdoctoral fellowship.
NR 32
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD DEC 18
PY 2008
VL 112
IS 50
BP 16008
EP 16011
DI 10.1021/jp805421g
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 383CY
UT WOS:000261652900007
PM 19367835
ER
PT J
AU Capaccioli, S
Thayyil, MS
Ngai, KL
AF Capaccioli, S.
Thayyil, M. Shahin
Ngai, K. L.
TI Critical Issues of Current Research on the Dynamics Leading to Glass
Transition
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID MODE-COUPLING-THEORY; GOLDSTEIN BETA-RELAXATION; MISCIBLE POLYMER
BLENDS; ALPHA-RELAXATION; SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS; LIGHT-SCATTERING;
SECONDARY RELAXATIONS; FORMING LIQUIDS; STRUCTURAL RELAXATION; IONIC
CONDUCTORS
AB Glass transition is still an unsolved problem in condensed matter physics and chemistry. In this paper, we critically reexamine experimental data and theoretical interpretations of dynamic properties of various processes seen over a wide time range from picoseconds to laboratory time scales. In order of increasing time, the ubiquitous processes considered include (i) the dynamics of caged molecular units with motion confined within the anharmonic intermolecular potential and where no genuine relaxation has yet taken place; (ii) the onset of the Johari-Goldstein secondary relaxation involving rotation or translation of the entire molecular unit and causing the decay of the cages, to be followed by the cooperative and dynamically heterogeneous motions participated by increasing number of molecules or length scale; and (iii) the terminal primary alpha-relaxation with the maximum cooperative length-scale allowed by the intermolecular interaction and constraints of the glass former. Some general and important properties found in each of these processes are shown to be interrelated, indicating that the processes are connected, with one being the precursor of the other following it. Thus, a theory of glass transition is neither complete nor fundamental unless all of these processes and their inter-relations have been accounted. In addition to published data, new experimental data are reported here to provide a limited collection of critical experimental facts having an impact on current issues of glass transition research and serving as a guide for the construction of a complete and successful theory in the future.
C1 [Ngai, K. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Capaccioli, S.; Thayyil, M. Shahin] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
[Capaccioli, S.] Polylab CNR INFM, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
[Thayyil, M. Shahin] Univ Calicut, Dept Phys, Calicut, Kerala, India.
RP Capaccioli, S (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RI Capaccioli, Simone/A-8503-2012
OI Capaccioli, Simone/0000-0003-4866-8918
FU MIUR-FIRB 2003 D.D.2186 [RBNE03R78E]; Office of Naval Research; NSF
FX The work at the Universita di Pisa was supported by MIUR-FIRB 2003
D.D.2186 grant RBNE03R78E. M.S.T. kindly acknowledges the support from
MIUR ("Borse a Favore di Giovani Ricercatori Indiani", no. 1451,
28/07/2005"). K.L.N. was supported by the Office of Naval Research and a
travel grant for International Semester Exchange Collaboration provided
by the International Materials Institute for New Functionality in Glass,
Lehigh University, funded by NSF.
NR 136
TC 54
Z9 54
U1 2
U2 20
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD DEC 18
PY 2008
VL 112
IS 50
BP 16035
EP 16049
DI 10.1021/jp8057433
PG 15
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 383CY
UT WOS:000261652900011
PM 19367954
ER
PT J
AU Taylor, WRJ
Widjaja, H
Basri, H
Ohrt, C
Taufik, T
Tjitra, E
Baso, S
Fryauff, D
Hoffman, SL
Richie, TL
AF Taylor, Walter R. J.
Widjaja, Hendra
Basri, Hasan
Ohrt, Colin
Taufik, Taufik
Tjitra, Emiliana
Baso, Samuel
Fryauff, David
Hoffman, Stephen L.
Richie, Thomas L.
TI Changes in the total leukocyte and platelet counts in Papuan and non
Papuan adults from northeast Papua infected with acute Plasmodium vivax
or uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria
SO MALARIA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID CLINICAL-FEATURES; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; GAMBIAN CHILDREN; IMPORTED MALARIA;
IRIAN-JAYA; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; COMBINATION; MECHANISMS; INDONESIA;
SOLDIERS
AB Background: There are limited data on the evolution of the leukocyte and platelet counts in malaria patients.
Methods: In a clinical trial of chloroquine vs. chloroquine plus doxycycline vs. doxycycline alone against Plasmodium vivax (n = 64) or Plasmodium falciparum (n = 98) malaria, the total white cell (WCC) and platelet (PLT) counts were measured on Days 0, 3, 7 and 28 in 57 indigenous Papuans with life long malaria exposure and 105 non Papuan immigrants from other parts of Indonesia with limited malaria exposure.
Results: The mean Day 0 WCC (n = 152) was 6.492 (range 2.1-13.4) x 10(9)/L and was significantly lower in the Papuans compared to the non Papuans: 5.77 x 10(9)/L vs. 6.86 x 10(9)/L, difference = -1.09 [(95% CI -0.42 to -1.79 x 10(9)/L), P = 0.0018]. 14 (9.2%) and 9 (5.9%) patients had leukopaenia (<4.0 x 10(9)/L) and leukocytosis (>10.0 x 10(9)/L), respectively. By Day 28, the mean WCC increased significantly (P = 0.0003) from 6.37 to 7.47 x 10(9)/L (73 paired values) and was similar between the two groups. Ethnicity was the only WCC explanatory factor and only on Day 0.
The mean Day 0 platelet count (n = 151) was 113.0 (range 8.0-313.0) x 10(9)/L and rose significantly to 186.308 x 10(9)/L by Day 28 (P < 0.0001). There was a corresponding fall in patient proportions with thrombocytopaenia (< 150 x 10(9)/L): 119/151 (78.81%) vs. 16/73 (21.92%, P < 0.00001). Papuan and non Papuan mean platelet counts were similar at all time points. Only malaria species on Day 0 was a significant platelet count explanatory factor. The mean D0 platelet counts were significantly lower (P = 0.025) in vivax (102.022 x 10(9)/L) vs. falciparum (122.125 x 10(9)/L) patients.
Conclusion: Changes in leukocytes and platelets were consistent with other malaria studies. The Papuan non Papuan difference in the mean Day 0 WCC was small but might be related to the difference in malaria exposure.
C1 [Taylor, Walter R. J.; Widjaja, Hendra; Basri, Hasan; Fryauff, David; Richie, Thomas L.] US Navy Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia.
[Taylor, Walter R. J.] Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Trop Med, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.
[Ohrt, Colin] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
[Taufik, Taufik] Indonesian Naval Hosp, Jayapura, Papua, Indonesia.
[Tjitra, Emiliana] Natl Inst Hlth, Ctr Hlth Res & Dev, Jakarta, Indonesia.
[Baso, Samuel] Rumah Sakit Umum, Jayapura, Papua, Indonesia.
[Hoffman, Stephen L.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA.
RP Taylor, WRJ (reprint author), US Navy Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia.
EM btaylor@oucru.org; Hwidjaja@fhi.or.id; Hbasri@fhi.or.id;
Cohrt@wrair.mil.gov; Taufik@yahoo.com; emilt@litbang.depkes.go.id;
Sbaso@yahoo.com; FryauffD@NMRC.NAVY.MIL; slhoffman@sanaria.com;
RichieT@NMRC.NAVY.MIL
OI Richie, Thomas/0000-0002-2946-5456
FU US Naval Medical Research and Development Command [DoD 63002A M00101 HEX
2406]
FX This study was funded by the US Naval Medical Research and Development
Command (DoD 63002A M00101 HEX 2406)
NR 45
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 0
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1475-2875
J9 MALARIA J
JI Malar. J.
PD DEC 18
PY 2008
VL 7
AR 259
DI 10.1186/1475-2875-7-259
PG 8
WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
GA 409ZI
UT WOS:000263543900001
PM 19094197
ER
PT J
AU Kara, AB
Metzger, EJ
Hurlburt, HE
Wallcraft, AJ
Chassignet, EP
AF Kara, A. B.
Metzger, E. J.
Hurlburt, H. E.
Wallcraft, A. J.
Chassignet, E. P.
TI Multistatistics metric evaluation of ocean general circulation model sea
surface temperature: Application to 0.08 degrees Pacific Hybrid
Coordinate Ocean Model simulations
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTH PACIFIC; 1/64-DEGREES RESOLUTION; KUROSHIO EXTENSION; JAPAN/EAST
SEA; CURRENT SYSTEM; MIXED-LAYER; SST; VARIABILITY; SATELLITE; IMPACT
AB This study is a multimetric statistical evaluation of interannual and climatological mean sea surface temperature (SST) over the Pacific Ocean (north of 20 degrees S) simulated by an ocean model. The evaluation procedure is outlined using daily and monthly SSTs from eddy-resolving (0.08 degrees) Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM). Satellite-based products and buoy measurements are used for model-data comparisons. Three are three principal findings. (1) Using monthly mean climatological atmospheric forcing with the addition of a 6-hourly wind component can yield realistic simulations of monthly mean climatological SST in comparison with observations and interannually forced simulations. (2) Nondimensional skill score can be a very useful metric for validating SST from an ocean model in a large region, such as the Pacific Ocean, where the amplitude of the SST seasonal cycle has large spatial variations. The use of skill score is extensively discussed along with its advantages over other traditional metrics. Interannual model-data comparisons (1993-2003) using satellite-based SST give basin-averaged yearly mean skill score values ranging from 0.35 to 0.58 for HYCOM. (3) A comparison of HYCOM to 804 yearlong daily buoy SST time series spanning 1990-2003 gives a median root mean square value of 0.83 degrees C. Relatively small SST biases and high skill values are essential prerequisites for SST assimilation using an ocean model as a first guess and for SST forecasting. The validation procedures presented in this paper include a variety of statistical metrics and use a comprehensive observational buoy data set. Such procedures can be applied to any global- or basin-scale ocean general circulation model that predicts SST.
C1 [Kara, A. B.; Metzger, E. J.; Hurlburt, H. E.; Wallcraft, A. J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[Chassignet, E. P.] Florida State Univ, Dept Oceanog, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA.
[Chassignet, E. P.] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA.
RP Kara, AB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Code 7320,Bldg 1009, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM birol.kara@nrlssc.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [601153N]; 6.2 project Hybrid Coordinate
Ocean Model and Advanced Data Assimilation
FX This research was funded by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) under
program element 601153N as part of the NRL 6.1 project Global Remote
Littoral Forcing via Deep-Water Pathways and the 6.2 project Hybrid
Coordinate Ocean Model and Advanced Data Assimilation. Valuable
discussions with C. Barron (NRL) regarding the MODAS SST reanalysis are
greatly appreciated. We would like to thank G. Halliwell and R. Bleck
for their contributions in the model development. Additional thanks go
to M. McPhaden of the TAO project office, Environmental Monitoring
Division of Canada and NODC for providing buoy SST for the model
validation. The reviewers provided helpful comments which improved the
quality of this paper. The HYCOM simulations were performed on an IBM SP
POWER3 at the Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen, Maryland, and on a SGI
Origin 3900 at the Aeronautical Systems Center, Wright-Peterson Air
Force Base, Ohio, using grants of high-performance computer time from
the Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization
Program. This is contribution NRL/JA/7320/08/8192 and has been approved
for public release.
NR 34
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD DEC 17
PY 2008
VL 113
IS C12
AR C12018
DI 10.1029/2008JC004878
PG 15
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 386LP
UT WOS:000261885000003
ER
PT J
AU Preusse, P
Eckermann, SD
Ern, M
AF Preusse, Peter
Eckermann, Stephen D.
Ern, Manfred
TI Transparency of the atmosphere to short horizontal wavelength gravity
waves
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID DOPPLER-SPREAD PARAMETERIZATION; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL;
STRATOSPHERIC MOUNTAIN WAVES; DEEP TROPICAL CONVECTION; STARFIRE
OPTICAL-RANGE; AMSU-A RADIANCES; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; MOMENTUM FLUX;
SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; OH AIRGLOW
AB We use theory and global ray modeling to investigate how the potential of gravity waves to transport momentum flux globally from the lower atmosphere into the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) varies with horizontal wavelength and ground-based phase speed. Ray modeling is performed using the Gravity Wave Regional or Global Ray Tracer (GROGRAT) interfaced to realistic three-dimensional global winds and temperatures from 0 to 100 km altitude, specified by fusing analysis fields at lower altitudes to GCM results higher up. We focus on gravity waves in the short 10- to 50-km horizontal wavelength range that are unresolved by global models and, according to theory, can transport appreciable momentum flux into the MLT. Ray results for different seasons reproduce some of the limits derived from simple wave theory: that horizontal wavelengths shorter than 10 km tend to be removed by vertical reflection or evanescence at the source and slower phase speeds are more prone to critical level removal, leading to a preference for waves with longer horizontal wavelengths and faster ground-based phase speeds to reach the MLT. These findings are compared to the wavelength scales currently resolved by satellite limb and nadir sounders, highlighting wavelength ranges currently measured and those currently unresolved. A road map is developed for how current and future satellite measurements can be combined to measure the full space-time spectrum of gravity waves relevant to eddy flux deposition and momentum forcing of the global MLT. In particular, recommendations for new satellite measurement strategies that fill current measurement gaps are provided.
C1 [Preusse, Peter; Ern, Manfred] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Chem & Dynam Geosphare, ICG Stratosphare 1, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
[Eckermann, Stephen D.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Preusse, P (reprint author), Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Chem & Dynam Geosphare, ICG Stratosphare 1, Postfach 1913, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
EM p.preusse@fz-juelich.de; stephen.eckermann@nrl.navy.mil
RI Preusse, Peter/A-1193-2013; Ern, Manfred/I-8839-2016
OI Preusse, Peter/0000-0002-8997-4965; Ern, Manfred/0000-0002-8565-2125
FU NASA
FX We thank Jens Oberheide and Raymond Roble for providing the TIME-GCM
model output. S. D. Eckermann's work was supported by NASA's Geospace
Sciences SR & T Program. We thank two anonymous reviewers for their
careful reading of the manuscript and one reviewer for valuable comments
and in particular for comments on the short horizontal wavelength GWs.
NR 81
TC 58
Z9 58
U1 2
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD DEC 16
PY 2008
VL 113
AR D24104
DI 10.1029/2007JD009682
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 386KY
UT WOS:000261883300001
ER
PT J
AU Rind, D
Lean, J
Lerner, J
Lonergan, P
Leboissitier, A
AF Rind, D.
Lean, J.
Lerner, J.
Lonergan, P.
Leboissitier, A.
TI Exploring the stratospheric/tropospheric response to solar forcing
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; TROPOSPHERE-STRATOSPHERE SYSTEM; UV
VARIABILITY; CLIMATE VARIATIONS; OCEAN TEMPERATURE; EARTHS ATMOSPHERE;
CYCLE VARIABILITY; JULY-AUGUST; SIGNAL; OZONE
AB We use the new Goddard Institute for Space Studies Global Climate Middle Atmosphere Model 3 with four different resolutions to investigate various aspects of solar cycle influence on the troposphere/stratosphere system. Three different configurations of sea surface temperatures are used to help determine whether the tropospheric response is due to forcing from above (UV variations impacting the stratosphere) or below (total solar irradiance changes acting through the surface temperature field). The results show that the stratospheric response is highly repeatable and significant. With the more active sun, the annual residual circulation change features relative increased upwelling in the Southern Hemisphere and downwelling in the Northern Hemisphere. Stratospheric west wind increases extend down into the troposphere, especially during Southern Hemisphere winter, and in some runs the jet stream weakens and moves poleward. The predominant tropospheric response consists of warming in the troposphere, with precipitation decreases south of the equator and in the Northern Hemisphere subtropics and midlatitudes, with increases north of the equator especially over southern Asia. The tropospheric response is often not significant, but is fairly robust among the different simulations. These features, which have been reported in observations and other model studies, appear to be driven both from the stratosphere and the surface; nevertheless, they account for only a small percentage of the total variance. More accurate simulations of the solar cycle stratospheric ozone response, the quasi-biennial oscillation, and coupled atmosphere-ocean dynamics are necessary before any conclusions can be deemed definitive.
C1 [Rind, D.] Columbia Univ, NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Lean, J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Lerner, J.; Lonergan, P.; Leboissitier, A.] Columbia Univ, Ctr Climate Syst Res, New York, NY 10025 USA.
RP Rind, D (reprint author), Columbia Univ, NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025 USA.
EM drind@giss.nasa.gov
OI Lean, Judith/0000-0002-0087-9639
FU NASA
FX This work was supported by the NASA Living With A Star program and the
NASA Atmospheric Composition focus area. Computer time was provided by
the NASA NCCS high-speed computing program. Climate modeling at GISS in
general is supported by the NASA Climate Variability and Climate Change
focus area.
NR 63
TC 45
Z9 51
U1 2
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD DEC 16
PY 2008
VL 113
AR D24103
DI 10.1029/2008JD010114
PG 25
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 386KY
UT WOS:000261883300003
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, GP
Liu, JL
Hale, ML
Bernstein, RD
Moore, M
Swain, MD
Goldman, ER
AF Anderson, George P.
Liu, Jinny L.
Hale, Martha L.
Bernstein, Rachael D.
Moore, Martin
Swain, Maria D.
Goldman, Ellen R.
TI Development of Antiricin Single Domain Antibodies Toward Detection and
Therapeutic Reagents
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID RICIN; FRAGMENTS; BIOSENSOR; IDENTIFICATION; EXPRESSION; STABILITY;
SELECTION; PROTEINS; SEQUENCE; ANTIGEN
AB Single domain antibodies (sdAb) that bind ricin with high affinity and specificity were selected from a phage display library derived from the mRNA of heavy chain antibodies obtained from lymphocytes of immunized llamas. The sdAb were found to recognize three distinct epitopes on ricin. Representative sdAb were demonstrated to function as both capture and tracer elements in fluid array immunoassays, a limit of detection of 1.6 ng/mL was obtained. One sdAb pair in particular was found to be highly specific for ricin. While polyclonal antibodies cross react strongly with RCA120, the sdAb pair had minimal cross reactivity. In addition, the binders were found to be thermal stable, regaining their ricin binding activity following heating to 85 T for an hour. Cycles of thermally induced unfolding of the sdAb and their subsequent refolding upon cooling was monitored by circular dichroism. As several of the sdAb were observed to bind to ricin's A chain, cell free translation assays were performed to monitor the ability of the sdAbs to inhibit ricin's biological activity. One of the sdAb (C8) was particularly effective and blocked ricin's biological activity with an effectiveness equal to that of a mouse antiricin antibody. These results indicate that antiricin sdAb have great potential for both diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
C1 [Anderson, George P.; Liu, Jinny L.; Moore, Martin; Swain, Maria D.; Goldman, Ellen R.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Hale, Martha L.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Integrated Toxicol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.
[Bernstein, Rachael D.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA.
RP Goldman, ER (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM ellen.goldman@nrl.navy.mil
RI Anderson, George/D-2461-2011
OI Anderson, George/0000-0001-7545-9893
FU JSTO-CBD/DTRA; U.S. Navy, the U.S. Department of Defense, or the U.S.
government
FX This work was supported by JSTO-CBD/DTRA. The opinions expressed here
are those of the authors and do not represent those of the U.S. Navy,
the U.S. Department of Defense, or the U.S. government.
NR 33
TC 35
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD DEC 15
PY 2008
VL 80
IS 24
BP 9604
EP 9611
DI 10.1021/ac8019398
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 384FE
UT WOS:000261728900029
PM 19072267
ER
PT J
AU Cetina, C
Grabowski, KS
Knies, DL
Demoranville, LT
AF Cetina, C.
Grabowski, K. S.
Knies, D. L.
Demoranville, L. T.
TI SIMS-AMS depth profiles for NASA Genesis samples: Preliminary
measurements
SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE SIMS; Accelerator mass spectrometry; Trace element; Genesis discovery
mission; Solar wind
ID ACCELERATOR MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ION-SOURCE; NRL
AB A wide variety of elements present in solar wind were collected during a 2-year space flight by the NASA Genesis Discovery mission. The high-value Genesis samples are presently analyzed by a few groups using SIMS and other techniques. For some of the more challenging measurements a combined SIMS-AMS facility may provide the advantages of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) to SIMS analysis, including molecular fragmentation and low-background detection. Initial results from simulating standards are presented here, demonstrating the capability of the system for this kind of surface analysis. Measurements were performed on internally produced standards consisting of Si wafers implanted with 10(14) atoms/cm(2) doses of Mg, Ti, Fe, Ni, Cu, and Zn. At the ion source stage, crater-edge effects were filtered by position gating, while at the spectrograph focal plane, possible interferences were rejected by coincidence position-energy detection. Thus, SIMS-like depth profiles were obtained and will be used for estimating system-specific relative sensitivity factors. (C) 2008 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Cetina, C.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA.
[Grabowski, K. S.; Knies, D. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Demoranville, L. T.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Cetina, C (reprint author), Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA.
EM Catalina.Cetina@nrl.navy.mil
OI Grabowski, Kenneth/0000-0003-0816-001X
FU NASA
FX The authors gratefully appreciate the technical support of Claire
Kennedy and Britton Renfro. We acknowledge the financial support of NASA
Sample Return Laboratory Instrument and Data Analysis Program ( SRLIDAP)
and ONR in acquiring the SIMS source and implementing the facility
upgrade.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-4332
J9 APPL SURF SCI
JI Appl. Surf. Sci.
PD DEC 15
PY 2008
VL 255
IS 4
BP 1479
EP 1481
DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2008.05.055
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 460UX
UT WOS:000267217500071
ER
PT J
AU Petrov, GM
Davis, J
AF Petrov, G. M.
Davis, J.
TI A two-dimensional electromagnetic field algorithm for high-intensity
laser-target interactions
SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Particle-in-cell; Maxwell equations; Laser-target interaction
ID ABSORPTION; PLASMA
AB The interaction of high-intensity ultrashort pulse lasers with solid targets is modeled via a 2D2V relativistic electromagnetic particle-in-cell code. In order to obtain a stable numerical solution of the field equations, the current density from the particle equations is written in a form with the electric field factored out and inserted into the Maxwell equations. The resulting system is very robust with excellent energy conserving properties. This technique is applicable to a wide range of conditions: from non-relativistic to the highly relativistic regime and for both underdense and highly overdense plasmas. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Petrov, G. M.; Davis, J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Petrov, GM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM george.petrov@nrl.navy.mil
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA); Naval Research Laboratory (NRL)
FX This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA)
and the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) under the ONR 6.1 program.
NR 15
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0010-4655
J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN
JI Comput. Phys. Commun.
PD DEC 15
PY 2008
VL 179
IS 12
BP 868
EP 880
DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2008.07.007
PG 13
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA 380TV
UT WOS:000261489000003
ER
PT J
AU Picard, YN
Twigg, ME
AF Picard, Yoosuf N.
Twigg, Mark E.
TI Diffraction contrast and Bragg reflection determination in forescattered
electron channeling contrast images of threading screw dislocations in
4H-SiC
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE channelling; electron backscattering; screw dislocations; silicon
compounds; wide band gap semiconductors
ID SURFACE STRESS-RELAXATION; BACKSCATTER DIFFRACTION; MICROSCOPE;
PATTERNS; GROWTH
AB The experimental diffraction parameters and contrast features associated with electron channeling contrast imaging (ECCI) are determined by the study of threading screw dislocations (TSDs) in 4H-SiC. The images are recorded by forescatter diode detectors mounted on a commercial electron backscatter diffraction system. ECCI of TSDs penetrating the (0001) surface reveals dark-to-light contrast, the direction of which depends on the acting Bragg reflection, the deviation from the Bragg condition, and the dislocation Burgers vector. Burgers vector identification is confirmed through observations of the rotational direction of atomic step spirals associated with various screw dislocations. Dark "twin-lobed" features are observed when the incoming electron beam exactly satisfies the Bragg condition for various Bragg reflections. The experimentally observed behavior of channeling contrast features for screw dislocations in this study is found to be consistent with transmission electron microscopy diffraction contrast mechanisms.
C1 [Picard, Yoosuf N.; Twigg, Mark E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Picard, YN (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM yoosuf.picard@nrl.navy.mil
OI Picard, Yoosuf/0000-0002-2853-5213
FU National Research Council
FX The authors of this paper wish to thank P. G. Neudeck, A. J. Trunek, and
J. A. Powell of NASA Glenn Research Center for providing specially
engineered 4H-SiC mesa samples for our analysis. One author (Y.Picard)
acknowledges financial support from the National Research Council.
NR 25
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 12
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD DEC 15
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 12
AR 124906
DI 10.1063/1.3042224
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 391HT
UT WOS:000262225100130
ER
PT J
AU Ricks-Laskoski, HL
Buckley, MA
Snow, AW
AF Ricks-Laskoski, Holly L.
Buckley, Mary A.
Snow, Arthur W.
TI EWOD-Driven Translational Movement of a Liquid Polyelectrolyte Droplet
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE degree of polymerization (DP); ductile; radical polymerization;
stimuli-sensitive polymers; synthesis
ID IONIC LIQUIDS; POLYMER; ACTUATION
AB Controlled transportation of air- and electrochemically stable materials is of interest in many areas of science. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of an ionic liquid monomer and its corresponding polyelectrolyte. The translational movement of these ionic liquid droplets across a substrate using the mechanism of electrowetting on a dielectric (EWOD) is demonstrated with emphasis given to electrode design and selective switching in the device construction. Directional control of a 2 mm sized polyelectrolyte droplet is shown to laterally move across the substrate surface on the order of 10s of minutes due to its increased viscosity, whereas its ionic liquid monomer also transverses but at a much faster pace-on the order of 10s of seconds. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 110: 3865-3870, 2008
C1 [Ricks-Laskoski, Holly L.; Buckley, Mary A.; Snow, Arthur W.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Ricks-Laskoski, HL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM holly.ricks-laskoski@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research (ONR)
FX Contract grant sponsor: Office of Naval Research (ONR)
NR 19
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 8
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0021-8995
J9 J APPL POLYM SCI
JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci.
PD DEC 15
PY 2008
VL 110
IS 6
BP 3865
EP 3870
DI 10.1002/app.28880
PG 6
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 367XX
UT WOS:000260587000071
ER
PT J
AU Bennett, BR
Ancona, MG
Boos, JB
Canedy, CB
Khan, SA
AF Bennett, Brian R.
Ancona, Mario G.
Boos, J. Brad
Canedy, Corwyn B.
Khan, Saara A.
TI Strained GaSb/AlAsSb quantum wells for p-channel field-effect
transistors
SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
LA English
DT Article
DE Molecular beam epitaxy; Quantum wells; Semiconducting III-V materials;
Semiconducting gallium compounds; Semiconducting ternary compounds;
Field effect transistors
ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; HOLE EFFECTIVE MASSES; MOBILITY;
HETEROSTRUCTURES; ELECTRON; DEVICES; GROWTH
AB Quantum wells of GaSb were grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaAs substrates. The buffer layer and barrier layers consisted of relaxed AlAs(x)Sb(1-x). The composition of the AIAs(x)Sb(1-x) was varied to produce compressive biaxial strains in the GaSb. The confinement and strain in the GaSb quantum wells lift the degeneracy in the valence band, resulting in lower in-plane effective mass and higher mobility. A threefold enhancement of mobility was achieved, with room-temperature mobilities as high as 1350 cm(2)/Vs and 77K values as high as 10,400 cm(2)/V s for strains near 1%. These quantum wells should be suitable for high-performance p-channel field-effect transistors for complementary circuits operating at extremely low power. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Bennett, Brian R.; Ancona, Mario G.; Boos, J. Brad; Canedy, Corwyn B.; Khan, Saara A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Bennett, BR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM brian.bennett@nrl.navy.mil
RI Bennett, Brian/A-8850-2008
OI Bennett, Brian/0000-0002-2437-4213
FU Office of Naval Research
FX The authors thank C.L. Canedy, N.A. Papanicolaou, and B.V. Shanabrook
for technical discussions. This work was partially supported by the
Office of Naval Research.
NR 21
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0248
J9 J CRYST GROWTH
JI J. Cryst. Growth
PD DEC 15
PY 2008
VL 311
IS 1
BP 47
EP 53
DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.10.025
PG 7
WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics
GA 399JP
UT WOS:000262796500009
ER
PT J
AU Gasser-Ramirez, JL
Dunn, BC
Ramirez, DW
Fillerup, EP
Turpin, GC
Shi, Y
Ernst, RD
Pugmire, RJ
Eyring, EM
Pettigrew, KA
Rolison, DR
Harris, JM
AF Gasser-Ramirez, Jennifer L.
Dunn, Brian C.
Ramirez, Daniel W.
Fillerup, Eric P.
Turpin, Gregory C.
Shi, Yifan
Ernst, Richard D.
Pugmire, Ronald J.
Eyring, Edward M.
Pettigrew, Katherine A.
Rolison, Debra R.
Harris, Joel M.
TI A simple synthesis of catalytically active, high surface area ceria
aerogels
SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Catalysis; Aerogels
ID WATER-GAS-SHIFT; CATALYSTS; PALLADIUM; NANOARCHITECTURES; SPECTROSCOPY;
OXIDE; AU
AB A simple synthetic route for preparing high surface area, structurally stable ceria aerogels is presented. Ceria aerogels were doped with 1% palladium: a water-gas shift (WGS) active metal. A reduced Pd/ceria aerogel and an as-prepared Pd/ceria aerogel are compared to determine the effect of pretreatment conditions on WGS activity. The BET surface area of the as-prepared ceria aerogel was 345 m(2)/g. CO chemisorption data and high-resolution TEM images indicate that the particle size of palladium on the reduced Pd/ceria sample was approximately 15 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data establish that the fraction of Ce(3+) from Ce(2)O(3) was approximately the same for both reduced and as-prepared samples. XPS data also indicate that approximately 44% of the palladium on the reduced Pd/ceria sample was converted to the metallic form. Each catalyst was tested for WGS activity. The reduced Pd/ceria sample exhibited the greatest WGS activity as compared with the other samples used in this study. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gasser-Ramirez, Jennifer L.; Dunn, Brian C.; Ramirez, Daniel W.; Fillerup, Eric P.; Turpin, Gregory C.; Shi, Yifan; Ernst, Richard D.; Pugmire, Ronald J.; Eyring, Edward M.; Harris, Joel M.] Univ Utah, Dept Chem, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Pettigrew, Katherine A.; Rolison, Debra R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Eyring, EM (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Chem, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
EM eyring@chem.utah.edu; harrisj@chem.utah.edu
FU Consortium for Fossil Fuel Science (CFFS) [DE-FC26-02NT41954]; US
Department of Energy; Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-FG03-93ER14340, DE-FG03-93ER14333]; US National Research
Council-Naval Research laboratory post-doctoral associate [20042007]
FX The authors acknowledge financial support through the Consortium for
Fossil Fuel Science (CFFS) at the University of Kentucky under contract
number DE-FC26-02NT41954 and funding from the US Department of Energy,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, through Grants DE-FG03-93ER14340 and
DE-FG03-93ER14333 to E.M.E. and J.M.H., respectively. K.A.P. is a US
National Research Council-Naval Research laboratory post-doctoral
associate (20042007), who performed the HRTEM analysis. The authors
would also like to thank Loren Rieth, of the Electrical and Computer
Engineering Department at the University of Utah for graciously
performing the XPS analysis used for this study.
NR 34
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 3
U2 26
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3093
J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS
JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids
PD DEC 15
PY 2008
VL 354
IS 52-54
BP 5509
EP 5514
DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2008.09.011
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 383YP
UT WOS:000261710700027
ER
PT J
AU Landwehr, SE
Hilmas, GE
Fahrenholtz, WG
Talmy, IG
DiPietro, SG
AF Landwehr, Sean E.
Hilmas, Gregory E.
Fahrenholtz, William G.
Talmy, Inna G.
DiPietro, Stephen G.
TI Microstructure and mechanical characterization of ZrC-Mo cermets
produced by hot isostatic pressing
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Hot isostatic pressing; Zirconium carbide; Molybdenum; Cermet;
Mechanical properties
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS; MATRIX COMPOSITES; ZIRCONIUM CARBIDE;
2-PHASE ALLOYS; FRACTURE; TZM; RESISTANCE; STRENGTH
AB Microstructure analysis and mechanical characterization were performed on ZrC-Mo composites with 20, 30, and 40 vol% Mo produced by hot isostatic pressing. The composites reached >98% relative density after processing at 1800 degrees C and 200 MPa for 1 h. The ZrC grain size was similar to 1-2 mu m after densification. The Mo appeared to form clusters that increased in size from 15 to 54 pm with increasing Mo content. Analysis of mechanical property data indicated that the Mo clusters acted as the critical flaws during fracture. Hardness decreased from similar to 17 to similar to 8GPa with increasing Mo content, and was related to the effective hardness of each of the constituent materials. The elastic moduli also decreased with Mo additions from 392 GPa (corrected for porosity) to similar to 380 GPa. Flexure strength and fracture toughness increased with increasing Mo content from 320 to 480 MPa and 1.0 to 6.6 MPa root m, respectively. The elastic moduli, flexure strength, and fracture toughness were all found to follow a volumetric rule of mixtures. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Landwehr, Sean E.; Hilmas, Gregory E.; Fahrenholtz, William G.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
[Talmy, Inna G.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Ceram Sci Grp, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
[DiPietro, Stephen G.] Exothermics Inc, Amherst, NH 03031 USA.
RP Hilmas, GE (reprint author), Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
EM ghilmas@mst.edu
OI Fahrenholtz, William/0000-0002-8497-0092
NR 40
TC 31
Z9 33
U1 4
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0921-5093
J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process.
PD DEC 15
PY 2008
VL 497
IS 1-2
BP 79
EP 86
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2008.07.017
PG 8
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 388QC
UT WOS:000262033300012
ER
PT J
AU Choi, SR
AF Choi, Sung R.
TI Foreign object damage behavior in a silicon nitride ceramic by spherical
projectiles of steels and brass
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Foreign object damage (FOD); Impact damage; Silicon nitride ceramic;
Metallic projectiles; Post-impact strength; Impact test; Mechanical
tests
ID STRENGTH DEGRADATION; IMPACT DAMAGE; STRUCTURAL CERAMICS; TEMPERATURE;
PARTICLES
AB Assessments of foreign object damage (FOD) of a commercial, gas-turbine grade, in situ toughened silicon nitride ceramic (AS800) were made using different projectile materials at ambient temperature. AS800 flexure target specimens rigidly supported were impacted at their centers in a velocity range from 100 to 450 m/s by spherical projectiles with a diameter of 1.59 mm. Three different projectile materials were used including hardened steel, annealed steel, and brass. Post-impact strength of each target specimen impacted was determined as a function of impact velocity to appraise the severity of local impact damage. For a given impact velocity, the extent of FOD was greatest for hardened steel projectiles, least for brass projectiles, and intermediate for annealed steel projectiles. The key material parameter affecting FOD the most was identified as the hardness (or yield stress) of projectile materials. Prediction of impact force as a function of impact velocity for each projectile material was made based on a quasi-static plastic model incorporated with the average 'contact yield pressure' determined from static indentation testing. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA.
RP Choi, SR (reprint author), Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA.
EM sung.choi1@navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research
FX The author would like to acknowledge the support of Office of Naval
Research. Experiments were conducted at NASA Glenn Research Center
Cleveland OH.
NR 32
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0921-5093
J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process.
PD DEC 15
PY 2008
VL 497
IS 1-2
BP 160
EP 167
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2008.06.041
PG 8
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 388QC
UT WOS:000262033300023
ER
PT J
AU Khurgin, JB
Pruessner, MW
Stievater, TH
Rabinovich, WS
AF Khurgin, J. B.
Pruessner, M. W.
Stievater, T. H.
Rabinovich, W. S.
TI Suspended AlGaAs waveguides for tunable difference frequency generation
in mid-infrared
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; MU-M; BIREFRINGENCE; GAAS
AB A birefringent phase-matching scheme for difference-frequency generation in a slotted air-clad waveguide with a tunable gap is proposed and theoretically analyzed. A tunability of 300 cm(-1) and an efficiency of 400 W(-1) cm(-2) is predicted. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Khurgin, J. B.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Pruessner, M. W.; Stievater, T. H.; Rabinovich, W. S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Khurgin, JB (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
EM jakek@jhu.edu
RI khurgin, Jacob/A-3278-2010
NR 12
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 4
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD DEC 15
PY 2008
VL 33
IS 24
BP 2904
EP 2906
DI 10.1364/OL.33.002904
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 396RO
UT WOS:000262609000008
PM 19079487
ER
PT J
AU Thompson, MA
Martin, JP
Darr, JP
Lineberger, WC
Parson, R
AF Thompson, Matthew A.
Martin, Joshua P.
Darr, Joshua P.
Lineberger, W. Carl
Parson, Robert
TI A combined experimental/theoretical investigation of the near-infrared
photodissociation of IBr-(CO2)(n)
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION CALCULATIONS; NONADIABATIC MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS;
I-2(-)(OCS)(N) CLUSTER IONS; RECOMBINATION DYNAMICS; ELECTRON-TRANSFER;
SOLVENT DYNAMICS; EXCITED-STATES; CHARGE FLOW; I-2(-)(CO2)(N);
PHOTOFRAGMENTATION
AB We report the collaborative experimental and theoretical study of the time-resolved recombination dynamics of photodissociated IBr-(CO2)(n) clusters. Excitation of the bare anionic chromophore to the dissociative A'2 Pi(1/2) state yields only I- and Br products. Interestingly, however, the addition of a few solvent molecules promotes recombination of the dissociating chromophore on the X (2)Pi(+)(1/2) ground state, which correlates asymptotically with Br- and I products. This process is studied experimentally using time-resolved, pump-probe techniques and theoretically via nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations. In sharp contrast to previous I-2(-) studies where more kinetic energy was released to the photofragments, the observed recombination times increase from picoseconds to nanoseconds with increasing cluster size up to n=10. The recombination times then drop dramatically back to picoseconds for cluster sizes n=11-14. This trend, seen both in experiment and theory, is explained by the presence of a solvent-induced well on the A' state, the depth of which directly corresponds to the asymmetry of the solvation about the chromophore. The results seen for both the branching ratios and recombination times from experiment and theory show good qualitative agreement. c 2008 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3033746]
C1 Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Thompson, MA (reprint author), USN, Theoret Chem Sect, Code 6189, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM wcl@jila.colorado.edu; rparson@jila.colorado.edu
RI Thompson, Matthew/B-4682-2008
OI Thompson, Matthew/0000-0001-6222-6863
FU National Science Foundation [CHE0809391, PHY 0551010]; Air Force Office
of Scientific Research [FA9550-06-1-0066]
FX We gratefully acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation,
Awards CHE0809391 and PHY 0551010, and the Air Force Office of
Scientific Research, Award FA9550-06-1-0066. We also thank Dr. Joseph
Fowler, Dr. Nikki Delaney, Dr. James Faeder, and Dr. Paul Maslen for
their discussions on all aspects of this work.
NR 51
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD DEC 14
PY 2008
VL 129
IS 22
AR 224304
DI 10.1063/1.3033746
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 383UE
UT WOS:000261698300013
PM 19071913
ER
PT J
AU Kara, AB
Barron, CN
AF Kara, A. B.
Barron, C. N.
TI Comment on "Seasonal heat budgets of the Red and Black seas'' by
Matsoukas et al.
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID FLUX; REANALYSIS; OCEAN
C1 [Kara, A. B.; Barron, C. N.] USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Kara, AB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Code 7320,Bldg 1009, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM birol.kara@nrlssc.navy.mil
RI Barron, Charlie/C-1451-2008
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD DEC 13
PY 2008
VL 113
IS C12
AR C12008
DI 10.1029/2008JC004760
PG 8
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 383KX
UT WOS:000261673600002
ER
PT J
AU Yokoyama, T
Paek, S
Ewing, CP
Guerry, P
Yeo, HJ
AF Yokoyama, Takeshi
Paek, Seonghee
Ewing, Cheryl P.
Guerry, Patricia
Yeo, Hye-Jeong
TI Structure of a sigma(28)-Regulated Nonflagellar Virulence Protein from
Campylobacter jejuni
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE crystal structure; hot-dog fold; homodimer; virulence; Campylobacter
jejuni
ID 4-HYDROXYBENZOYL-COA THIOESTERASE; MECHANISM; MOTILITY; REVEALS;
BIOSYNTHESIS; MUTAGENESIS; REFINEMENT; APPARATUS; INVASION; PATHWAY
AB Campylobacter jejuni, a Gram-negative motile bacterium, is a leading cause of human gastrointestinal infections. Although the mechanism of C. jejuni-mediated enteritis appears to be multifactorial, flagella play complex roles in the virulence of this human pathogen. Cj0977 is a recently identified virulence factor in C. jejuni and is expressed by a sigma(28) promoter that controls late genes in the flagellar regulon. A Cj0977 mutant strain is fully motile but significantly reduced in the invasion of intestinal epithelial cells in vitro. Here, we report the crystal structure of the major structural domain of Cj0977, which reveals a homodimeric "hot-dog" fold architecture. Of note, the characteristic hot-dog fold has been found in various coenzyme A (CoA) compound binding proteins with numerous oligomeric states. Structural comparison with other known hot-dog fold proteins locates a putative binding site for an acyl-CoA compound in the Cj0977 protein. Structure-based site-directed mutagenesis followed by invasion assays indicates that key residues in the putative binding site are indeed essential for the Cj0977 virulence function, suggesting a possible function of Cj0977 as an acyl-CoA binding regulatory protein. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Yokoyama, Takeshi; Paek, Seonghee; Yeo, Hye-Jeong] Univ Houston, Dept Biol & Biochem, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
[Ewing, Cheryl P.; Guerry, Patricia] USN, Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Yeo, HJ (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Biol & Biochem, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
EM hyeo@uh.edu
RI Guerry, Patricia/A-8024-2011
FU National Institutes of Health [AI068943, AI043559]; Structural Biology
Center at the Advanced Photon Source
FX This work was supported by the Robert W. Welch Foundation through grant
E-1616 and by the National Institutes of Health through grant AI068943
(to H.J.Y) and grant AI043559 (to P.G.). We thank the staff of beamline
19BM of the Structural Biology Center at the Advanced Photon Source
(Argonne National Laboratory) for their help during data collection,
Gary Majam for technical assistance, and Dr. Joe Eichberg for helpful
discussions.
NR 33
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0022-2836
J9 J MOL BIOL
JI J. Mol. Biol.
PD DEC 12
PY 2008
VL 384
IS 2
BP 364
EP 376
DI 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.09.036
PG 13
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 377TC
UT WOS:000261272500006
PM 18835274
ER
PT J
AU Pillay, D
Johannes, MD
Mazin, II
AF Pillay, D.
Johannes, M. D.
Mazin, I. I.
TI Electronic Structure of the NaxCoO2 Surface
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID FERMI-SURFACE
AB The idea that surface effects may play an important role in suppressing e(g)(') Fermi surface pockets on NaxCoO2 (0.333 <= x <= 0.75) has been frequently proposed to explain the discrepancy between local-density approximation calculations which find e(g)(') hole pockets present and Angle resolved photoemission spectra (ARPES) experiments, which do not observe the hole pockets. Since ARPES is a surface sensitive technique, it is important to investigate the effects that surface formation will have on the electronic structure. We show that a combination of surface formation and contamination effects could resolve the ongoing controversy between ARPES experiments and theory.
C1 [Pillay, D.; Johannes, M. D.; Mazin, I. I.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Pillay, D (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6393, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RI Mazin, Igor/B-6576-2008
FU NRC
FX We thank C. S. Hellberg for helpful discussions. Research at NRL is
funded by the Office of Naval Research. D. P. acknowledges support from
the NRC.
NR 24
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD DEC 12
PY 2008
VL 101
IS 24
AR 246808
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.246808
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 383WE
UT WOS:000261704100049
PM 19113650
ER
PT J
AU Drob, DP
Emmert, JT
Crowley, G
Picone, JM
Shepherd, GG
Skinner, W
Hays, P
Niciejewski, RJ
Larsen, M
She, CY
Meriwether, JW
Hernandez, G
Jarvis, MJ
Sipler, DP
Tepley, CA
O'Brien, MS
Bowman, JR
Wu, Q
Murayama, Y
Kawamura, S
Reid, IM
Vincent, RA
AF Drob, D. P.
Emmert, J. T.
Crowley, G.
Picone, J. M.
Shepherd, G. G.
Skinner, W.
Hays, P.
Niciejewski, R. J.
Larsen, M.
She, C. Y.
Meriwether, J. W.
Hernandez, G.
Jarvis, M. J.
Sipler, D. P.
Tepley, C. A.
O'Brien, M. S.
Bowman, J. R.
Wu, Q.
Murayama, Y.
Kawamura, S.
Reid, I. M.
Vincent, R. A.
TI An empirical model of the Earth's horizontal wind fields: HWM07
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID UPPER-ATMOSPHERE RESEARCH; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; RESOLUTION DOPPLER
IMAGER; THERMOSPHERIC NEUTRAL WINDS; FABRY-PEROT-INTERFEROMETER;
NONMIGRATING DIURNAL TIDES; RESEARCH SATELLITE UARS; HIGH-LATITUDE;
MIDDLE-ATMOSPHERE; IMAGING INTERFEROMETER
AB The new Horizontal Wind Model (HWM07) provides a statistical representation of the horizontal wind fields of the Earth's atmosphere from the ground to the exosphere (0-500 km). It represents over 50 years of satellite, rocket, and ground-based wind measurements via a compact Fortran 90 subroutine. The computer model is a function of geographic location, altitude, day of the year, solar local time, and geomagnetic activity. It includes representations of the zonal mean circulation, stationary planetary waves, migrating tides, and the seasonal modulation thereof. HWM07 is composed of two components, a quiet time component for the background state described in this paper and a geomagnetic storm time component (DWM07) described in a companion paper.
C1 [Drob, D. P.; Emmert, J. T.; Picone, J. M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[O'Brien, M. S.; Bowman, J. R.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA.
[Crowley, G.] Atmospher & Space Technol Res Associates, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
[Skinner, W.; Hays, P.; Niciejewski, R. J.] Univ Michigan, Coll Engn, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Space Phys Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Hernandez, G.] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Jarvis, M. J.] British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England.
[Murayama, Y.; Kawamura, S.] Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol, Koganei, Tokyo 1848795, Japan.
[Larsen, M.; Meriwether, J. W.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Reid, I. M.; Vincent, R. A.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
[She, C. Y.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Phys, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Shepherd, G. G.] York Univ, Ctr Res Earth & Space Sci, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
[Sipler, D. P.] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA.
[Tepley, C. A.] Cornell Univ, Arecibo Observ, Arecibo, PR 00612 USA.
[Wu, Q.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
RP Drob, DP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM douglas.drob@nrl.navy.mil
RI Reid, Iain/B-5681-2012; Larsen, Miguel/A-1079-2013; Drob,
Douglas/G-4061-2014;
OI Reid, Iain/0000-0003-2340-9047; Drob, Douglas/0000-0002-2045-7740;
Murayama, Yasuhiro/0000-0003-1129-334X; Hernandez,
Gonzalo/0000-0003-4245-8696
FU NASA [04-000-0098, NNG05WC40G]; LWS [04-000-0098]; Navy [N0017306C6014];
NSF [ATM-0541593, ATM0404790, ATM0518855]
FX The effort to improve the thermosphere portion of the model, including
its overall mathematical formulation, was supported by NASA Living With
a Star (LWS) program grant 04-000-0098. Additional support to improve
the 0-120 km portion of the model for ground-based detection of
explosions was provided by U. S. Army Space and Missile Defense Command
(SMDC). Supplemental support was provided by the Office of Naval
Research (ONR). We wish to thank the many National Science Foundation
CEDAR database contributors, as well as the NASA satellite data
providers not listed as coauthors, including the NASA-GSFC GEOS-4 and
NOAA-NCEP data providers. G. C. acknowledges support from LWS contract
04-000-0098 and Navy contract N0017306C6014. M. L. acknowledges support
by NASA grant NNG05WC40G and NSF grant ATM-0541593. The Resolute FPI
observation is supported by a NSF award ATM0404790 to NCAR. R. J. N.
acknowledges NSF grant ATM0518855.; Zuyin Pu thanks the reviewers for
their assistance in evaluating this paper.
NR 100
TC 62
Z9 71
U1 4
U2 27
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD DEC 11
PY 2008
VL 113
IS A12
AR A12304
DI 10.1029/2008JA013668
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 383QO
UT WOS:000261688600007
ER
PT J
AU Melendez, M
Kraemer, SB
Schmitt, HR
Crenshaw, DM
Deo, RP
Mushotzky, RF
Bruhweiler, FC
AF Melendez, M.
Kraemer, S. B.
Schmitt, H. R.
Crenshaw, D. M.
Deo, R. P.
Mushotzky, R. F.
Bruhweiler, F. C.
TI CONSTRAINING THE ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS CONTRIBUTION IN A
MULTIWAVELENGTH STUDY OF SEYFERT GALAXIES
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: Seyfert; Galaxy: stellar content; infrared: galaxies
ID SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; LUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; NARROW-LINE REGION;
X-RAY-EMISSION; STAR-FORMATION; MU-M; ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; NEARBY
GALAXIES; SAMPLE; SPECTRA
AB We have studied the relationship between the high- and low-ionization [O IV] lambda 25.89 mu m, [Ne III] lambda 115.56 mu m, and [ Ne ii] lambda 12.81 mu m emission lines with the aim of constraining the active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and star formation contributions for a sample of 103 Seyfert galaxies. We use the [O iv] and [Ne ii] emission as tracers for the AGN power and star formation to investigate the ionization state of the emission- line gas. We find that Seyfert 2 galaxies have, on average, lower [O IV]/[ Ne II] ratios than Seyfert 1 galaxies. This result suggests two possible scenarios: (1) Seyfert 2 galaxies have intrinsically weakerAGNs, or (2) Seyfert 2 galaxies have relatively higher star formation rates than Seyfert 1 galaxies. We estimate the fraction of [Ne II] directly associated with the AGNs and find that Seyfert 2 galaxies have a larger contribution from star formation, by a factor of similar to 1.5 on average, than what is found in Seyfert 1 galaxies. Using the stellar component of [Ne II] as a tracer of the current star formation, we found similar star formation rates in Seyfert 1 and Seyfert 2 galaxies. We examined the mid- and far- infrared continua and found that [Ne II] iswell correlatedwith the continuum luminosity at 60 mu m and that both [Ne III] and [O IV] are better correlated with the 25 mu m luminosities than with the continuum at longer wavelengths, suggesting that the mid- infrared continuum luminosity is dominated by the AGN, while the far- infrared luminosity is dominated by star formation. Overall, these results test the unified model of AGNs and suggest that the differences between Seyfert galaxies cannot be solely due to viewing angle dependence.
C1 [Melendez, M.; Kraemer, S. B.; Bruhweiler, F. C.] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, Inst Astrophys & Computat Sci, Washington, DC 20064 USA.
[Schmitt, H. R.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Schmitt, H. R.] Interferometrics Inc, Herndon, VA 20171 USA.
[Crenshaw, D. M.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA.
[Deo, R. P.] Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Mushotzky, R. F.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Melendez, M (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, Inst Astrophys & Computat Sci, Washington, DC 20064 USA.
EM 07melendez@cua.edu
NR 63
TC 47
Z9 47
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2008
VL 689
IS 1
BP 95
EP 107
DI 10.1086/592724
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 401GV
UT WOS:000262929000008
ER
PT J
AU Lovell, JEJ
Rickett, BJ
Macquart, JP
Jauncey, DL
Bignall, HE
Kedziora-Chudczer, L
Ojha, R
Pursimo, T
Dutka, M
Senkbeil, C
Shabala, S
AF Lovell, J. E. J.
Rickett, B. J.
Macquart, J. -P.
Jauncey, D. L.
Bignall, H. E.
Kedziora-Chudczer, L.
Ojha, R.
Pursimo, T.
Dutka, M.
Senkbeil, C.
Shabala, S.
TI THE MICRO-ARCSECOND SCINTILLATION-INDUCED VARIABILITY
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: active; ISM: structure; radiation mechanisms: nonthermal;
radio continuum: ISM
ID EXTRAGALACTIC RADIO-SOURCES; PHASE CALIBRATION SOURCES; INTERSTELLAR
SCINTILLATION; INTRADAY VARIABILITY; RAPID VARIABILITY; ANNUAL
MODULATION; ANNUAL CYCLES; SKY SURVEY; J1819+3845; SCATTERING
AB We report on the variability of 443 flat-spectrum, compact radio sources monitored using the VLA for 3 days in four epochs at similar to 4 month intervals at 5 GHz as part of the Micro-Arcsecond Scintillation-Induced Variability (MASIV) survey. Over half of these sources exhibited 2%-10% rms variations on timescales over 2 days. We analyzed the variations by two independent methods and find that the rms variability amplitudes of the sources correlate with the emission measure in the ionized interstellar medium along their respective lines of sight. We thus link the variations with interstellar scintillation of components of these sources, with some ( unknown) fraction of the total flux density contained within a compact region of angular diameter in the range 10-50 mu as. We also find that the variations decrease for high mean flux density sources and, most importantly, for high-redshift sources. The decrease in variability is probably due either to an increase in the apparent diameter of the source or to a decrease in the flux density of the compact fraction beyond z similar to 2. Here we present a statistical analysis of these results, and a future paper will discuss the cosmological implications in detail.
C1 [Lovell, J. E. J.; Jauncey, D. L.] CSIRO, Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Epping, NSW 2121, Australia.
[Lovell, J. E. J.] CSIRO Ind Phys, Lindfield, NSW 2070, Australia.
[Lovell, J. E. J.; Senkbeil, C.; Shabala, S.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Math & Phys, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
[Rickett, B. J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Macquart, J. -P.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Bignall, H. E.] Joint Inst VLBI Europe, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands.
[Kedziora-Chudczer, L.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
[Ojha, R.; Dutka, M.] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA.
[Pursimo, T.] Sta Cruz La Palma, Nord Opt Telescope, E-38700 Tenerife, Spain.
[Shabala, S.] Cavendish Astrophys, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England.
RP Lovell, JEJ (reprint author), Univ Tasmania, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
RI Macquart, Jean-Pierre/B-5306-2013; Bignall, Hayley/B-2867-2013
OI Bignall, Hayley/0000-0001-6247-3071
NR 35
TC 63
Z9 63
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2008
VL 689
IS 1
BP 108
EP 126
DI 10.1086/592485
PG 19
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 401GV
UT WOS:000262929000009
ER
PT J
AU Bender, CF
Simon, M
AF Bender, Chad F.
Simon, Michal
TI THE DETECTION OF LOW-MASS COMPANIONS IN HYADES CLUSTER SPECTROSCOPIC
BINARY STARS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE binaries: spectroscopic; open clusters and associations: individual
(Hyades); stars: fundamental parameters; techniques: spectroscopic
ID ROTATIONAL VELOCITIES; ECHELLE SPECTROGRAPH; RATIO DISTRIBUTION;
RADIAL-VELOCITIES; ORBITS; MULTIPLICITY; CONSTRAINTS; COMPONENTS;
MAGNITUDE; HIPPARCOS
AB We have observed a large sample of spectroscopic binary stars in the Hyades cluster, using high-resolution infrared spectroscopy to detect low-mass companions. We combine our double-lined infrared measurements with well-constrained orbital parameters from visible light single-lined observations to derive dynamical mass ratios. Using these results, along with photometry and theoretical mass-luminosity relationships, we estimate the masses of the individual components in our binaries. In this paper we present double-lined solutions for 25 binaries in our sample, with mass ratios from similar to 0.1 to 0.8. This corresponds to secondary masses as small as similar to 0.15 M(circle dot). We include here our preliminary detection of the companion to vB 142, with a very small mass ratio of q = 0.06 +/- 0.04; this indicates that the companion may be a brown dwarf. This paper is an initial step in a program to produce distributions of mass ratio and secondary mass for Hyades cluster binaries with a wide range of periods, in order to better understand binary star formation. As such, our emphasis is on measuring these distributions, not on measuring precise orbital parameters for individual binaries.
C1 [Bender, Chad F.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Bender, Chad F.; Simon, Michal] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RP Bender, CF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7211,Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM chad.bender@nrl.navy.mil; michal.simon@sunysb.edu
RI Bender, Chad/D-4719-2012
FU NRC Research Associateship Award at NRL [6.1]; Stony Brook; NSF
[02-05427, 06-07612]; W. M. Keck Foundation; University of
Massachusetts; IPAC at the California Institute of Technology; NASA;
NSF; Hipparcos and Tycho Catalogues [ESA SP-1200]
FX We are grateful to D. W. L. and R. P. S. for providing the CfA SB1
parameters and for numerous discussions that improved the manuscript. We
also thank the referee for several educational suggestions concerning
the secondary velocity precision. We thank L. Prato for providing the
NIRSPEC observations, T. Mazeh for suggesting the procedure used to
estimate the velocity uncertainties, and the telescope operators and
staff at the IRTF for their support during our many observing runs. The
authors are visiting astronomers at the Infrared Telescope Facility,
which is operated by the University of Hawaii under Cooperative
Agreement NCC 5-538 with the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration, Science Mission Directorate, Planetary Astronomy
Program. C. B. is supported by an NRC Research Associateship Award at
NRL. Basic research in infrared astronomy at NRL is supported by 6.1
base funding. The authors were supported at Stony Brook in part by NSF
grants 02-05427 and 06-07612. Data presented herein were obtained at the
W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership
among the California Institute of Technology, the University of
California and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The
Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the
W. M. Keck Foundation. This research made use of the SIMBAD database,
operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France, data products from 2MASS, which is
a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and IPAC at the
California Institute of Technology, funded by NASA and NSF, and the
Hipparcos and Tycho Catalogues, ESA SP-1200. The authors wish to extend
special thanks to those of Hawaiian ancestry on whose sacred mountain we
are privileged to be guests.
NR 50
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2008
VL 689
IS 1
BP 416
EP 429
DI 10.1086/592728
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 401GV
UT WOS:000262929000037
ER
PT J
AU Tycner, C
Jones, CE
Sigut, TAA
Schmitt, HR
Benson, JA
Hutter, DJ
Zavala, RT
AF Tycner, C.
Jones, C. E.
Sigut, T. A. A.
Schmitt, H. R.
Benson, J. A.
Hutter, D. J.
Zavala, R. T.
TI CONSTRAINING THE PHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF THE CIRCUMSTELLAR DISK OF chi
OPHIUCHI
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE stars: emission-line, Be; stars: individual (chi Ophiuchi)
ID PROTOTYPE OPTICAL INTERFEROMETER; STELLAR MULTIPLICITY;
RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; GAMMA-CASSIOPEIAE; DENSITY STRUCTURE; IRAS
OBSERVATIONS; ENERGY GAIN; STARS; ENVELOPES; MODEL
AB We present a numerical model describing a circularly symmetric gaseous disk around the Be star chi Ophiuchi. The model is constrained by long-baseline interferometric observations that are sensitive to the H alpha Balmer line emission from the disk. For the first time, our interferometric observations spatially resolve the inner region of the circumstellar disk around chi Oph, and we use these results to place a constraint on the physical extent of the H alpha-emitting region. We demonstrate how this in turn results in very specific constraints on the parameters that describe the variation of the gas density as a function of radial distance from the central star.
C1 [Tycner, C.] Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA.
[Jones, C. E.; Sigut, T. A. A.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Phys & Astron, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
[Schmitt, H. R.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Schmitt, H. R.] Interferometerics Inc, Herndon, VA 20171 USA.
[Benson, J. A.; Hutter, D. J.; Zavala, R. T.] US Naval Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Tycner, C (reprint author), Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA.
RI Zavala, Robert/D-7821-2011
OI Zavala, Robert/0000-0002-9402-2870
FU Office of Naval Research; Oceanographer of the Navy; Natural Sciences
and Engineering Research Council of Canada
FX The Navy Prototype Optical Interferometer is a joint project of the
Naval Research Laboratory and the US Naval Observatory, in cooperation
with Lowell Observatory, and is funded by the Office of Naval Research
and the Oceanographer of the Navy. We thank Doug Gies for the very
helpful suggestions on how to improve this manuscript. C. T. thanks
Lowell Observatory for the generous telescope time allocation on the
John S. Hall Telescope. C. T. would also like to thank Erika Grundstrom
for useful discussions and thanks Nick Melena, who contributed to the
reductions of interferometric observations. C. E. J. and T. A. A. S.
would like to acknowledge support from the Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada.
NR 46
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2008
VL 689
IS 1
BP 461
EP 470
DI 10.1086/592097
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 401GV
UT WOS:000262929000040
ER
PT J
AU Brooks, DH
Ugarte-Urra, I
Warren, HP
AF Brooks, David H.
Ugarte-Urra, Ignacio
Warren, Harry P.
TI THE ROLE OF TRANSIENT BRIGHTENINGS IN HEATING THE SOLAR CORONA
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun: corona; Sun: magnetic fields; Sun: photosphere; Sun: transition
region; Sun: UV radiation
ID TRANSITION REGION BLINKERS; EXPLOSIVE EVENTS; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET;
HINODE; SPECTROMETER; NANOFLARES; TELESCOPE; MISSION
AB Nanoflare reconnection events have been proposed as a mechanism for heating the corona. Parker's original suggestion was that frequent reconnection events occur in coronal loops due to the braiding of the magnetic field. Many observational studies, however, have focused on the properties of isolated transient brightenings unassociated with loops, but their cause, role, and relevance for coronal heating have not yet been established. Using Hinode SOT magnetograms and high-cadence EIS spectral data we study the relationship between chromospheric, transition region, and coronal emission and the evolution of the magnetic field. We find that hot, relatively steadily emitting coronal loops and isolated transient brightenings are both associated with magnetic flux regions that are highly dynamic. An essential difference, however, is that brightenings are typically found in regions of flux collision and cancellation whereas coronal loops are generally rooted in magnetic field regions that are locally unipolar with unmixed flux. This suggests that the type of heating (transient vs. steady) is related to the structure of the magnetic field, and that the heating in transient events may be fundamentally different than in coronal loops. This implies that they do not play an important role in heating the "quiescent" corona.
C1 [Brooks, David H.; Ugarte-Urra, Ignacio; Warren, Harry P.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Brooks, DH (reprint author), ISAS JAXA, Hinode Team, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan.
EM dhbrooks@ssd5.nrl.navy.mil
RI Ugarte-Urra, Ignacio/B-1241-2009
NR 18
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD DEC 10
PY 2008
VL 689
IS 1
BP L77
EP L80
DI 10.1086/595745
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 398LO
UT WOS:000262733800020
ER
PT J
AU Jacobson, IG
Smith, TC
Bell, NS
AF Jacobson, Isabel G.
Smith, Tyler C.
Bell, Nicole S.
TI Military Combat Deployment and Alcohol Use Reply
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Letter
ID CAGE QUESTIONNAIRE; VALIDATION
C1 [Jacobson, Isabel G.; Smith, Tyler C.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
[Bell, Nicole S.] Social Sectors Dev Strategies, Tacoma, WA USA.
RP Jacobson, IG (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
EM isabel.jacobson@med.navy.mil
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD DEC 10
PY 2008
VL 300
IS 22
BP 2607
EP 2607
DI 10.1001/jama.2008.765
PG 1
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 380YW
UT WOS:000261503000014
ER
PT J
AU Medintz, IL
Pons, T
Trammell, SA
Grimes, AF
English, DS
Blanco-Canosa, JB
Dawson, PE
Mattoussi, H
AF Medintz, Igor L.
Pons, Thomas
Trammell, Scott A.
Grimes, Amy F.
English, Doug S.
Blanco-Canosa, Juan B.
Dawson, Philip E.
Mattoussi, Hedi
TI Interactions between Redox Complexes and Semiconductor Quantum Dots
Coupled via a Peptide Bridge
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; PHOTOINDUCED CHARGE-TRANSFER; CDSE
NANOCRYSTALS; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY; PROTEINS; DONORS;
ELECTROLUMINESCENCE; ACCEPTORS; SYSTEMS
AB Colloidal quantum dots (QDs) have a large fraction of their atoms arrayed on their surfaces and are capped with bifunctional ligands, which make their photoluminescence highly sensitive to potential charge transfer to or from the surrounding environment. In this report, we used peptides as bridges between CdSe-ZnS QDs and metal complexes to promote charge transfer between the metal complexes and QDs. We found that quenching of the QD emission is highly dependent on the relative position of the oxidation levels of QDs and metal complex used; it also traces the number of metal complexes brought in close proximity of the nanocrystal surface. In addition, partial bleaching of the absorption was measured for the QD-metal complex assemblies. These proximity driven interactions were further used to construct sensing assemblies to detect proteolytic enzyme activity.
C1 [Medintz, Igor L.; Trammell, Scott A.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Pons, Thomas; Mattoussi, Hedi] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Grimes, Amy F.; English, Doug S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Blanco-Canosa, Juan B.; Dawson, Philip E.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Blanco-Canosa, Juan B.; Dawson, Philip E.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Chem, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Mattoussi, H (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM hedi.mattoussi@nrl.navy.mil
RI Pons, Thomas/A-8667-2008; English, Douglas/B-9382-2009
OI Pons, Thomas/0000-0001-8800-4302;
FU NSF-CRIF award [CHE-0342973]; Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale
(France); Stephen Lee and Ilya Elashvilli of the CB Directorate/Physical
S&T Division (DTRA); ONR; NRL; NRL-NSI
FX The authors thank Pankaj Singhal and Philippe Guyot-Sionnest for
stimulating discussions and Kim Sapsford (USFDA) for the control
peptide. The authors acknowledge Stephen Lee and Ilya Elashvilli of the
CB Directorate/Physical S&T Division (DTRA), ONR, NRL and the NRL-NSI
for financial support. The fluorescent lifetime instrumentation for this
work was provided by an NSF-CRIF award (CHE-0342973) to D.S.E. T.P.
acknowledges a postdoctoral fellowship from the Fondation pour la
Recherche Medicale (France).
NR 53
TC 90
Z9 92
U1 5
U2 51
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD DEC 10
PY 2008
VL 130
IS 49
BP 16745
EP 16756
DI 10.1021/ja805456x
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 406UK
UT WOS:000263320200064
PM 19049466
ER
PT J
AU Arquilla, J
AF Arquilla, John
TI The Biggest Boondoggle
SO FORBES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Arquilla, J (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU FORBES INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 60 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA
SN 0015-6914
J9 FORBES
JI Forbes
PD DEC 8
PY 2008
VL 182
IS 12
SI SI
BP 32
EP 32
PG 1
WC Business, Finance
SC Business & Economics
GA 375MS
UT WOS:000261118600007
ER
PT J
AU Michalowicz, JV
Nichols, JM
Bucholtz, F
AF Michalowicz, Joseph V.
Nichols, J. M.
Bucholtz, F.
TI Signal detection based on recurrence matrix statistics
SO PHYSICS LETTERS A
LA English
DT Article
DE Recurrence matrix; ROC curve; Signal detection
ID QUANTIFICATION ANALYSIS; TIME-SERIES; SYSTEMS; PLOTS
AB This work considers the problem of detecting signals in noise in the absence of a well-defined signal model. Specifically, we compare detectors based on recurrence plots to one of the more commonly used detection strategies. Results indicate improvements are possible using the recurrence-based detectors for certain signal-to-noise ratios. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Michalowicz, Joseph V.; Nichols, J. M.; Bucholtz, F.] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Nichols, JM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jonathan.nichols@nrl.navy.mil
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-9601
J9 PHYS LETT A
JI Phys. Lett. A
PD DEC 8
PY 2008
VL 372
IS 48
BP 7172
EP 7178
DI 10.1016/j.physleta.2008.10.057
PG 7
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 382KT
UT WOS:000261605400013
ER
PT J
AU Pant, RR
Buckley, JL
Fulmer, PA
Wynne, JH
McCluskey, DM
Phillips, JP
AF Pant, Ramesh R.
Buckley, James L.
Fulmer, Preston A.
Wynne, James H.
McCluskey, D. Michelle
Phillips, J. Paige
TI Hybrid Siloxane Epoxy Coatings Containing Quaternary Ammonium Moieties
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE coatings; synthesis; biological applications of polymers; polysiloxanes;
surfaces; structure-property relations; crosslinking; amphiphiles
ID IONIC ORGANIC/INORGANIC MATERIALS; SALT GROUPS; POLYURETHANE;
MONTMORILLONITE; BACKBONE; RESINS
AB An ever increasing concern over bacterial infections caused by consumer products as well as medical devices is obvious from the recent surge in literature documenting the need for novel self-decontaminating coatings. Within, we report a hybrid ionic organic/inorganic siloxane epoxy system containing quaternary ammonium moieties. This novel low surface energy antimicrobial coating is capable of self-decontaminating in a variety of environments. The system is designed to be used as an over-coating, for devices that are prone to come into contact with pathogenic bacteria. These coatings have been synthesized, characterized, and analyzed for both physical and antimicrobial properties. Preliminary antimicrobial evaluation indicates a direct correlation between antimicrobial activity and hydrophobicity of the biocidal functional group within the resin matrix. These coatings have demonstrated the ability to eliminate up to 99.9% of pathogenic bacteria on the surface. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 110: 3080-3086,2008
C1 [Pant, Ramesh R.; Buckley, James L.; Fulmer, Preston A.; Wynne, James H.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[McCluskey, D. Michelle; Phillips, J. Paige] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Chem & Biochem, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
RP Wynne, JH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM james.wynne@nrl.navy.mil
RI Fulmer, Preston/L-7702-2014
OI Fulmer, Preston/0000-0002-2981-576X
FU Office of Naval Research
FX Contract grant sponsor: Office of Naval Research.
NR 18
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 2
U2 20
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0021-8995
J9 J APPL POLYM SCI
JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci.
PD DEC 5
PY 2008
VL 110
IS 5
BP 3080
EP 3086
DI 10.1002/app.28670
PG 7
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 361BP
UT WOS:000260102800072
ER
PT J
AU MacMahan, JH
Thornton, EB
Reniers, AJHM
Stanton, TP
Symonds, G
AF MacMahan, Jamie H.
Thornton, Ed B.
Reniers, Ad J. H. M.
Stanton, Tim P.
Symonds, Graham
TI Low-Energy Rip Currents Associated With Small Bathymetric Variations
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE rip currents; non-uniformity; morphodynamics; nearshore; surf zone;
circulation
ID WAVE-CURRENT INTERACTION; NEARSHORE CIRCULATION; FIELD OBSERVATIONS;
CURRENT SYSTEM; SURF BEAT
AB We show for the first time that low-energy waves can induce a rip current system over subtle alongshore bathymetric variations. Comprehensive field measurements across a rip current that morphologically migrated (similar to 12 m/day) through a coherent cross- and alongshore array of co-located pressure and velocity sensors were obtained. The rip current is associated with a small bathymetric surfzone non-uniformity (1 in 300 alongshore variation). The circulation was kinematically non-uniform for similar to 5% of the time over the course of the 20 day experiment and was present at low tides associated with increases in rip current activity. The presence of the rip Current and mild-sloped rip channel induce statistically significant alongshore wave direction, directional spreading, infragravity waves, and very low frequency motions. variations in H-rms, wave direction, directional spreading, infragravity waves, and very low frequency motions. Changes in the directional spreading are correlated with the presence of very low frequency motions influenced by the presence of the rip current. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [MacMahan, Jamie H.; Thornton, Ed B.; Stanton, Tim P.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Reniers, Ad J. H. M.] Delft Univ Technol, Delft, Netherlands.
[Reniers, Ad J. H. M.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Symonds, Graham] CSIRO, Marine & Atmospher Res, Clayton, Vic 6913, Australia.
RP MacMahan, JH (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM jhmacmah@nps.edu
RI Symonds, Graham/E-2263-2011
OI Symonds, Graham/0000-0002-7359-2057
FU ONR [N00014-05-1-0154, N0001405-1-0352, N0001405WR20150,
N0001405WR20385]; Naval Postgraduate School; CINR [N000140310829]; Dutch
National Science Foundation (NWO) [DCB.5856]; National Research Council
Fellow [N0001405WR20150]
FX We thank many folks who assisted in obtaining a great data set: Ron
Cowen, Mark Orzech, Jim Stockel, John Woods, Keith Wyckoff, and Rob
Wyland. We thank Tom Lippmann and his OSU group and Scripps for
performing bathy-metric surveys. Cindy Paden, Rob Holman, and Kristen
Splinter provided ex-tended rectified Argus images. JM was funded by ONR
under contract number N00014-05-1-0154 and N0001405-1-0352 and the Naval
Postgraduate School. EBT and TPS were funded by ONR under contracts
N0001405WR20150 and N0001405WR20385. AJHMR was funded by CINR under
contract N000140310829 and the Dutch National Science Foundation (NWO)
under contract DCB.5856. GS was a National Research Council Fellow
during a sabatical funded in part by the ONR under contract
N0001405WR20150.
NR 34
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD DEC 5
PY 2008
VL 255
IS 3-4
BP 156
EP 164
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2008.08.006
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 383VR
UT WOS:000261702800005
ER
PT J
AU Kim, D
Economou, SE
Badescu, SC
Scheibner, M
Bracker, AS
Bashkansky, M
Reinecke, TL
Gammon, D
AF Kim, Danny
Economou, Sophia E.
Badescu, Stefan C.
Scheibner, Michael
Bracker, Allan S.
Bashkansky, Mark
Reinecke, Thomas L.
Gammon, Daniel
TI Optical Spin Initialization and Nondestructive Measurement in a Quantum
Dot Molecule
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-ELECTRON SPIN
AB The spin of an electron in a self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dot molecule is optically prepared and measured through the trion triplet states. A longitudinal magnetic field is used to tune two of the trion states into resonance, forming a superposition state through asymmetric spin exchange. As a result, spin-flip Raman transitions can be used for optical spin initialization, while separate trion states enable cycling transitions for nondestructive measurement. With two-laser transmission spectroscopy we demonstrate both operations simultaneously, something not previously accomplished in a single quantum dot.
C1 [Kim, Danny; Economou, Sophia E.; Badescu, Stefan C.; Scheibner, Michael; Bracker, Allan S.; Bashkansky, Mark; Reinecke, Thomas L.; Gammon, Daniel] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Kim, D (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RI Kim, Danny/A-7066-2009
OI Kim, Danny/0000-0001-7396-3826
FU NSA/ARO; ONR; NRC/NRL
FX We thank M. F. Doty and V. L. Korenev for illuminating discussions.
Partial funding was provided by NSA/ARO and ONR. S. E. E. was supported
by NRC/NRL.
NR 35
TC 71
Z9 71
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD DEC 5
PY 2008
VL 101
IS 23
AR 236804
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.236804
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 379XZ
UT WOS:000261431200052
PM 19113578
ER
PT J
AU Shinyashiki, N
Shinohara, M
Iwata, Y
Goto, T
Oyama, M
Suzuki, S
Yamamoto, W
Yagihara, S
Inoue, T
Oyaizu, S
Yamamoto, S
Ngai, KL
Capaccioli, S
AF Shinyashiki, N.
Shinohara, M.
Iwata, Y.
Goto, T.
Oyama, M.
Suzuki, S.
Yamamoto, W.
Yagihara, S.
Inoue, T.
Oyaizu, S.
Yamamoto, S.
Ngai, K. L.
Capaccioli, S.
TI The Glass Transition and Dielectric Secondary Relaxation of
Fructose-Water Mixtures
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID GOLDSTEIN BETA-RELAXATION; VISCOUS-LIQUIDS; ALPHA-PROCESSES;
SPECTROSCOPY; GLUCOSE; STATES; DYNAMICS; FORMERS; MOLECULES; VISCOSITY
AB Broad-band dielectric measurements for fructose-water mixtures with fructose concentrations between 70.0 and 94.6 wt% were carried out in the frequency range of 2 mHz to 20 GHz in the temperature range of -70 to 45 degrees C. Two relaxation processes, the alpha process at lower frequency and the secondary beta process at higher frequency, were observed. The dielectric relaxation time of the alpha process was 100 s at the glass transition temperature, T-g, determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The relaxation time and strength of the beta process changed from weaker temperature dependences of below T-g to a stronger one above T-g. These changes in behaviors of the beta process in fructose-water mixtures upon crossing the T-g of the mixtures is the same as that found for the secondary process of water in various other aqueous mixtures with hydrogen-bonding molecular liquids, polymers, and nanoporous systems. These results lead to the conclusion that the primary a process of fructose-water mixtures results from the cooperative motion of water and fructose molecules, and the secondary beta process is the Johari -Goldstein process of water in the mixture. At temperatures near and above T-g where both the alpha and the beta processes were observed and their relaxation times, tau(alpha) and tau(beta), were determined in some mixtures, the ratio tau(alpha)/tau(beta) is in accord with that predicted by the coupling model. Fixing tau(alpha) at 100 s, the ratio tau(alpha)/tau(beta) decreases with decreasing concentration of fructose in the mixtures. This trend is also consistent with that expected by the coupling model from the decrease of the intermolecular coupling parameter upon decreasing fructose concentration.
C1 [Shinyashiki, N.; Shinohara, M.; Iwata, Y.; Goto, T.; Oyama, M.; Suzuki, S.; Yamamoto, W.; Yagihara, S.] Tokai Univ, Dept Phys, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan.
[Inoue, T.; Oyaizu, S.; Yamamoto, S.] Nichirei Foods INC, Div Res & Dev, Mihama Ku, Chiba 2618545, Japan.
[Ngai, K. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Capaccioli, S.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
[Capaccioli, S.] INFM, CNR, PolyLab, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
RP Shinyashiki, N (reprint author), Tokai Univ, Dept Phys, Kanagawa 2591292, Japan.
RI Capaccioli, Simone/A-8503-2012;
OI Capaccioli, Simone/0000-0003-4866-8918; Shinyashiki,
Naoki/0000-0003-0486-2911
FU Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research [19540429]; Office of Naval
Research; MIUR-FIRB [RBNE03R78E]
FX This work was supported partly by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research
(C)(19540429). K.L.N. was supported by the Office of Naval Research.
S.C. was Supported by MIUR-FIRB 2003 (D.D.2186 Grant RBNE03R78E).
NR 53
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 17
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD DEC 4
PY 2008
VL 112
IS 48
BP 15470
EP 15477
DI 10.1021/jp807038r
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 376YF
UT WOS:000261218200028
PM 18991437
ER
PT J
AU Jones, RH
Carek, PJ
AF Jones, Richard H.
Carek, Peter J.
TI Management of Varicose Veins
SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN
LA English
DT Article
ID CHRONIC VENOUS INSUFFICIENCY; ENDOVENOUS LASER TREATMENT; DISEASE;
EPIDEMIOLOGY; COMPRESSION; SURGERY
AB Varicose veins are twisted, dilated veins most commonly located on the lower extremities. Risk factors include chronic cough, constipation, family history of venous disease, female sex, obesity, older age, pregnancy, and prolonged standing. The exact pathophysiology is debated, but it involves a genetic predisposition, incompetent valves, weakened vascular walls, and increased intravenous pressure. A heavy, achy feeling; itching or burning; and worsening with prolonged standing are all symptoms of varicose veins. Potential complications include infection, leg ulcers, stasis changes, and thrombosis. Some conservative treatment options are avoidance of prolonged standing and straining, elevation of the affected leg, exercise, external compression, loosening of restrictive clothing, medical therapy, modification of cardiovascular risk factors, reduction of peripheral edema, and weight loss. More aggressive treatments include external laser treatment, injection sclerotherapy, endovenous interventions, and surgery. Comparative treatment outcome data are limited. There is little evidence to preferentially support any single treatment modality. Choice of therapy is affected by symptoms, patient preference, cost, potential for iatrogenic complications, available medical resources, insurance reimbursement, and physician training. (Am Fam Physician. 2008;78 (11):1289-1294. Copyright (C) 2008 American Academy of Family Physicians.)
C1 [Carek, Peter J.] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
[Jones, Richard H.] USN, Hlth Clin, Quantico, VA USA.
RP Jones, RH (reprint author), 106 W Howell Ave, Alexandria, VA 22301 USA.
NR 31
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS
PI KANSAS CITY
PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA
SN 0002-838X
J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN
JI Am. Fam. Physician
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 11
BP 1289
EP 1294
PG 6
WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 381LK
UT WOS:000261537300006
PM 19069022
ER
PT J
AU Smith, B
Ryan, MAK
Wingard, DL
Patterson, TL
Slymen, DJ
Macera, CA
AF Smith, Besa
Ryan, Margaret A. K.
Wingard, Deborah L.
Patterson, Thomas L.
Slymen, Donald J.
Macera, Caroline A.
CA Millennium Cohort Study Team
TI Cigarette Smoking and Military Deployment A Prospective Evaluation
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID MILLENNIUM COHORT; US MILITARY; RISK-FACTORS; HEALTH; WOMEN; MEN;
PERSONNEL; SERVICE; TOBACCO; CANCER
AB Background: The stress of military deployment may compound Occupational stress experienced in the military and manifest in maladaptive coping behaviors such as cigarette smoking. The current study describes new smoking among never-smokers, smoking recidivism among past smokers, and change in daily smoking among smokers in relation to military deployment.
Methods: The Millennium Cohort is a 21-year longitudinal study. The current analysis utilized participants (N=48,304) who submitted baseline data (July 2001-June 2003) before the current conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan and follow-up data (June 2004-January 2006) oil health measures. New smoking was identified among baseline never smokers, smoking recidivism among baseline past smokers, and increased or decreased daily smoking among baseline smokers. Analyses were conducted March 2007-April 2007.
Results: Among never-smokers, smoking initiation was identified in 1.3% of nondeployers and 2.3% of deployers. Among past smokers, smoking resumption occurred in 28.7% of nondeployers and 39.4% of those who deployed. Smoking increased 44% among nondeployers and 57% among deployers. Those who deployed and reported combat exposures were at 1.6 times greater odds of initiating smoking among baseline never-smokers (95% CI=1.2, 2.3) and at 1.3 times greater odds of resuming smoking among baseline past smokers when compared to those who did not report combat exposures. Other deployment factors independently associated with postdeployment smoking recidivism included deploying for >9 months and deploying multiple times. Among those who smoked at baseline, deployment was not associated with changes in daily amount smoked.
Conclusions: Military deployment is associated with smoking initiation and, more strongly, with smoking recidivism, particularly among those with prolonged deployments, multiple deployments, or combat exposures. Prevention programs should focus on the prevention of smoking relapse during or after deployment.
C1 [Smith, Besa; Ryan, Margaret A. K.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Dept Def, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
[Slymen, Donald J.; Macera, Caroline A.] San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Patterson, Thomas L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[Ryan, Margaret A. K.; Wingard, Deborah L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
RP Smith, B (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Dept Def, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
EM besa.smith@med.navy.mil
NR 37
TC 63
Z9 64
U1 2
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0749-3797
J9 AM J PREV MED
JI Am. J. Prev. Med.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 6
BP 539
EP 546
DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2008.07.009
PG 8
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
Internal
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine
GA 375ON
UT WOS:000261123300001
PM 18842388
ER
PT J
AU Riddle, MS
Tribble, DR
Putnam, SD
Mostafa, M
Brown, TR
Letizia, A
Armstrong, AW
Sanders, JW
AF Riddle, Mark S.
Tribble, David R.
Putnam, Shannon D.
Mostafa, Manal
Brown, Theodore R.
Letizia, Andrew
Armstrong, Adam W.
Sanders, John W.
TI Past Trends and Current Status of Self-Reported Incidence and Impact of
Disease and Nonbattle Injury in Military Operations in Southwest Asia
and the Middle East
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
ID ENDURING FREEDOM; IRAQI FREEDOM; DESERT-SHIELD; US MILITARY; TRAVELERS
DIARRHEA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; POPULATIONS; AFGHANISTAN; PERSONNEL; ETIOLOGY
AB Objectives. To evaluate the evolutional changes in disease and nonbattle injury in a long-term deployment setting, we investigated trends of selected disease and nonbattle injury (NBI) incidence among US military personnel deployed in ongoing military operations in Southwest Asia and the Middle East.
Methods. Participants completed an anonymous questionnaire concerning diarrhea, acute respiratory illness (ARI), and NBIs. We compared incidence, morbidity, and risk associations of disease and NBI incidence with historical data. We analyzed a clinic screening form to describe trends in diarrhea incidence over a 3-year period.
Results. Between April 2006 and March 2007, 3374 troops completed deployment questionnaires. Incidence of diarrhea was higher than that of ARI and NBI (12.1, 7.1, and 2.5 episodes per 100 person-months, respectively), but ARI and NBI resulted in more-frequent health system utilization (both P<.001) and decreased work performance (P<.001 and P=.05, respectively) than did diarrhea. Compared with historical disease and NBI incidence rates, diarrhea and NBI incidence declined over a 4-year period, whereas ARI remained relatively constant.
Conclusions. Diarrhea, ARI, and NBI are important health concerns among deployed military personnel. Public health and preventive measures are needed to mitigate this burden. (Am J Public Health. 2008;98:2199-2206. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.131680)
C1 [Riddle, Mark S.] USN, Enter Dis Dept, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Tribble, David R.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Putnam, Shannon D.] USN, Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia.
[Mostafa, Manal; Armstrong, Adam W.] USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt.
[Brown, Theodore R.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Letizia, Andrew] Branch Med Clin, Capodichino, Italy.
[Sanders, John W.] USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru.
RP Riddle, MS (reprint author), USN, Enter Dis Dept, Med Res Ctr, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM markriddemd@hotmail.com
RI Riddle, Mark/A-8029-2011
FU Military Infectious Disease Research Program and Department of Defense
[6000.Rad1.D.E0301]
FX This study was funded by the Military Infectious Disease Research
Program and Department of Defense under work unit no. 6000.Rad1.D.E0301.
NR 26
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA
SN 0090-0036
J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH
JI Am. J. Public Health
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 98
IS 12
BP 2199
EP 2206
DI 10.2105/AJPH.2007.131680
PG 8
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 378GP
UT WOS:000261309500022
PM 18923114
ER
PT J
AU Plassmeyer, ML
MacDonald, N
Reiter, K
Shimp, R
Zhang, YL
House, B
Lebowitz, J
Kotova, S
Jin, A
Hickman, M
Herrera, R
Uchime, O
Nguyen, V
Glen, J
Miller, L
Wu, YM
Narum, D
AF Plassmeyer, Matthew Lee
MacDonald, Nick
Reiter, Karine
Shimp, Richard
Zhang, Yanling
House, Brent
Lebowitz, Jack
Kotova, Svetlana
Jin, Albert
Hickman, Merrit
Herrera, Raul
Uchime, Onyinyechukwu
Nguyen, Vu
Glen, Jacqueline
Miller, Louis
Wu, Yimin
Narum, David
TI THE BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF AN ESCHERICHIA COLI
EXPRESSED PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN (CSP), A
LEADING MALARIA VACCINE CANDIDATE
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene
CY DEC 07-11, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg
C1 [Plassmeyer, Matthew Lee; MacDonald, Nick; Reiter, Karine; Shimp, Richard; Zhang, Yanling; Hickman, Merrit; Herrera, Raul; Uchime, Onyinyechukwu; Nguyen, Vu; Glen, Jacqueline; Miller, Louis; Wu, Yimin; Narum, David] NIH, Rockville, MD USA.
[House, Brent] USN, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Lebowitz, Jack; Kotova, Svetlana; Jin, Albert] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
OI Jin, Albert/0000-0003-3826-1081
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 6
MA 3
BP 1
EP 1
PG 1
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 382ZT
UT WOS:000261644600004
ER
PT J
AU Cummings, DA
Schwartz, I
Burke, DS
Gibbons, RV
AF Cummings, Derek A.
Schwartz, Ira
Burke, Donald S.
Gibbons, Robert V.
TI SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY IN THE FORCE OF INFECTION OF DENGUE IN THAILAND
AND THE SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF PHASE RELATIONSHIPS IN MULTIANNUAL
OSCILLATIONS
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene
CY DEC 07-11, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg
C1 [Cummings, Derek A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA.
[Schwartz, Ira] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Burke, Donald S.] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
[Gibbons, Robert V.] Armed Forces Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 6
SU S
MA 48
BP 15
EP 15
PG 1
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 382ZT
UT WOS:000261644600049
ER
PT J
AU Hanafi, HA
Leslie, T
El-Hossary, SS
Ahmadi, AA
Safi, NZ
Safi, N
Furman, BD
AF Hanafi, Hanafi A.
Leslie, Toby
El-Hossary, Shabaan S.
Ahmadi, Abdul Ali
Safi, Noorulhaleim Z.
Safi, Najibullah
Furman, Barry D.
TI THE PHLEBOTOMINE SAND FLY FAUNA (DIPTERA: SYCHODIDAE) OF SIX
LEISHMANIA-ENDEMIC SITES IN KABUL CITY, AFGHANISTAN
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene
CY DEC 07-11, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg
C1 [Hanafi, Hanafi A.; Leslie, Toby; El-Hossary, Shabaan S.; Furman, Barry D.] USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt.
[Ahmadi, Abdul Ali; Safi, Noorulhaleim Z.; Safi, Najibullah] Minist Publ Hlth, Natl Malaria & Leishmaniasis Control Program, Kabul, Afghanistan.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 6
MA 54
BP 17
EP 17
PG 1
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 382ZT
UT WOS:000261644600055
ER
PT J
AU Meza, R
Villanueva, M
Lescano, AG
Lopez, M
Cabada, M
Perez, J
Meza, Y
Maldonado, F
Jones, FR
Gotuzzo, E
Hall, ER
AF Meza, Rina
Villanueva, Miguel
Lescano, Andres G.
Lopez, Martha
Cabada, Miguel
Perez, Juan
Meza, Yocelincla
Maldonado, Fernando
Jones, Franca R.
Gotuzzo, Eduardo
Hall, Eric R.
TI ETIOLOGY OF TRAVELERS' DIARRHEA AMONG INTERNATIONAL TOURISTS IN CUSCO,
PERU
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene
CY DEC 07-11, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg
C1 [Meza, Rina; Lescano, Andres G.; Perez, Juan; Meza, Yocelincla; Hall, Eric R.] Naval Med Res Ctr Dept, Lima, Peru.
[Villanueva, Miguel; Lopez, Martha; Cabada, Miguel; Maldonado, Fernando; Gotuzzo, Eduardo] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Alexander Von Humboldt Trop Med Inst, Lima, Peru.
[Lopez, Martha] Serv Salud Lab, Cuzco, Peru.
[Jones, Franca R.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RI Lescano, Andres/B-8479-2008
OI Lescano, Andres/0000-0001-9779-633X
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 6
MA 109
BP 32
EP 33
PG 2
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 382ZT
UT WOS:000261644600110
ER
PT J
AU Blair, PJ
Wierzba, TF
Touch, S
Sokhal, B
Kasper, MR
Williams, M
Burgess, TH
Putnam, SD
AF Blair, Patrick J.
Wierzba, Thomas F.
Touch, Sok
Sokhal, Buth
Kasper, Matthew R.
Williams, Maya
Burgess, Timothy H.
Putnam, Shannon D.
TI IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ETIOLOGIES OF ACUTE
UNDIFFERENTIATED FEBRILE ILLNESS IN CAMBODIA IN 2007
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene
CY DEC 07-11, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg
C1 [Blair, Patrick J.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA.
[Wierzba, Thomas F.] NAMRU, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
[Touch, Sok] Dept Communicable Dis Control, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
[Sokhal, Buth] Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
[Kasper, Matthew R.; Williams, Maya; Burgess, Timothy H.; Putnam, Shannon D.] Naval Med Res Unit, Jakarta, Indonesia.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 6
MA 426
BP 126
EP 126
PG 1
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 382ZT
UT WOS:000261644600426
ER
PT J
AU Shehata, MG
Samy, AM
Doha, SA
Fahmy, AR
Kaldas, RM
Villinski, JT
AF Shehata, Magdi Gebril
Samy, Abdallah Mohammed
Doha, Said Abdallah
Fahmy, Adel Ramzy
Kaldas, Rania M.
Villinski, Jeffrey T.
TI FIRST AUTOCHTHONES OF LEISHMANIA TROPICA IN A REMOTE BORDER AREA OF
NORTH-SINAI, EGYPT
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene
CY DEC 07-11, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg
C1 [Shehata, Magdi Gebril; Samy, Abdallah Mohammed; Fahmy, Adel Ramzy] Ain Shams Univ, Fac Sci, Cairo, Egypt.
[Doha, Said Abdallah] Ain Shams Univ, Res & Training Ctr Vector Dis, Cairo, Egypt.
[Kaldas, Rania M.; Villinski, Jeffrey T.] USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt.
RI Samy, Abdallah/B-4375-2010; Samy, Abdallah/I-1415-2014
OI Samy, Abdallah/0000-0003-3978-1134; Samy, Abdallah/0000-0003-3978-1134
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 6
MA 442
BP 131
EP 131
PG 1
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 382ZT
UT WOS:000261644600441
ER
PT J
AU Gutteridge, CE
Major, JW
Nin, DA
Bhattacharjee, AK
Gerena, L
AF Gutteridge, Clare E.
Major, Joshua W.
Nin, Daniel A.
Bhattacharjee, Apurba K.
Gerena, Lucia
TI ANTIMALARIAL ACTIVITY OF ARYL-SUBSTITUTED 2-ETHOXYACETAMIDES
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene
CY DEC 07-11, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg
C1 [Gutteridge, Clare E.; Major, Joshua W.; Nin, Daniel A.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD USA.
[Bhattacharjee, Apurba K.; Gerena, Lucia] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 6
MA 583
BP 172
EP 172
PG 1
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 382ZT
UT WOS:000261644600582
ER
PT J
AU Listiyaningsih, E
Fredrik
Antonjaya, U
Hafy, Z
McArdle, JL
Beckett, CG
Porter, KR
Burgess, TH
Suwandono, A
Blair, PJ
Williams, M
AF Listiyaningsih, Erlin
Fredrik
Antonjaya, Ungke
Hafy, Zen
McArdle, James L.
Beckett, Charmagne G.
Porter, Kevin R.
Burgess, Timothy H.
Suwandono, Agus
Blair, Patrick J.
Williams, Maya
TI ENVELOPE REGION GENETIC CHARACTERIATION OF CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS ISOLATES
FROM INDONESIA
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene
CY DEC 07-11, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg
C1 [Listiyaningsih, Erlin; Antonjaya, Ungke; Hafy, Zen; Burgess, Timothy H.; Blair, Patrick J.; Williams, Maya] Naval Med Res Unit, Jakarta, Indonesia.
[Fredrik] Univ Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia.
[McArdle, James L.] Amer Type Culture Collect, Manassas, VA USA.
[Beckett, Charmagne G.; Porter, Kevin R.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Suwandono, Agus] Natl Inst Hlth Res & Dev, Minist Hlth, Jakarta, Indonesia.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 6
MA 716
BP 211
EP 211
PG 1
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 382ZT
UT WOS:000261644601081
ER
PT J
AU Smith, MP
Ponnusamy, L
Richards, A
Apperson, CS
AF Smith, Michael P.
Ponnusamy, Loganathan
Richards, Allen
Apperson, Charles S.
TI IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIAL PATHOGENS AND HOSTS OF BLOOD MEALS IN
QUESTING IXODID TICKS IN THE NORTH CAROLINA PIEDMONT
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene
CY DEC 07-11, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg
C1 [Smith, Michael P.; Ponnusamy, Loganathan; Apperson, Charles S.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Richards, Allen] USN, Med Res Unit, Silver Spring, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 6
MA 780
BP 230
EP 230
PG 1
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 382ZT
UT WOS:000261644601145
ER
PT J
AU Blair, PJ
Wierzba, TF
Touch, S
Vonthanak, S
Garten, RJ
Xu, XX
Klimov, AI
Putnam, SD
AF Blair, Patrick J.
Wierzba, Thomas F.
Touch, Sok
Vonthanak, Saphonn
Garten, Rebecca J.
Xu, Xiyan X.
Klimov, Alexander I.
Putnam, Shannon D.
TI EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES ISOLATED
FROM PATIENTS ENROLLED IN A HOSPITAL-BASED FEBRILE SURVEILLANCE STUDY IN
CAMBODIA
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene
CY DEC 07-11, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg
C1 [Blair, Patrick J.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA.
[Wierzba, Thomas F.] Naval Med Res Unit 2, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
[Touch, Sok] Communicable Dis Control Dept, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
[Vonthanak, Saphonn] Natl Publ Hlth Inst, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
[Garten, Rebecca J.; Xu, Xiyan X.; Klimov, Alexander I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Putnam, Shannon D.] Naval Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 6
MA 802
BP 237
EP 237
PG 1
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 382ZT
UT WOS:000261644601167
ER
PT J
AU Hoel, DF
El-Hossary, SS
Hanafi, HA
Watany, N
Fawaz, EY
Furman, BD
Obernauer, PJ
Szumlas, DE
Kline, DL
AF Hoel, D. F.
El-Hossary, S. S.
Hanafi, H. A.
Watany, N.
Fawaz, E. Y.
Furman, B. D.
Obernauer, P. J.
Szumlas, D. E.
Kline, D. L.
TI RESPONSE OF PHLEBOTOMUS PAPATASI (DIPTERA: PSYCHODIDAE) TO COMMERCIAL
MOSQUITO TRAPS IN SOUTHERN EGYPT
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene
CY DEC 07-11, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg
C1 [Hoel, D. F.] USDA, Gainesville, FL USA.
[El-Hossary, S. S.; Hanafi, H. A.; Watany, N.; Fawaz, E. Y.; Furman, B. D.] USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt.
[Obernauer, P. J.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Obernauer, P. J.] Univ Florida, Dept Nematol, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Szumlas, D. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Kline, D. L.] Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 6
MA 847
BP 249
EP 250
PG 2
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 382ZT
UT WOS:000261644601212
ER
PT J
AU Atuguba, F
Oduro, AR
Hodgson, A
Adjuik, M
Ansah, P
Anto, F
Anyorigya, T
Asoala, V
Amenga-Etego, L
Rogers, W
Koram, K
Fryauff, D
AF Atuguba, Frank
Oduro, Abraham R.
Hodgson, Abraham
Adjuik, Martin
Ansah, Patrick
Anto, Francis
Anyorigya, Thomas
Asoala, Victor
Amenga-Etego, Lucas
Rogers, William
Koram, Kojo
Fryauff, David
TI MALARIA MORTALITY AND MORBIDITY IN THE FIRST FIVE YEARS OF LIFE IN A
BIRTH COHORT OF CHILDREN IN NORTHERN GHANA
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene
CY DEC 07-11, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg
C1 [Atuguba, Frank; Oduro, Abraham R.; Hodgson, Abraham; Adjuik, Martin; Ansah, Patrick; Anto, Francis; Anyorigya, Thomas; Asoala, Victor; Amenga-Etego, Lucas] Navrongo Hlth Res Ctr, Navrongo, Ghana.
[Rogers, William] Naval Med Res Unit, Jakarta, Indonesia.
[Koram, Kojo] Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, Legon, Ghana.
[Fryauff, David] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 6
MA 876
BP 258
EP 258
PG 1
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 382ZT
UT WOS:000261644601241
ER
PT J
AU Kosasih, H
Alisjahbana, B
Rudiman, PI
Susanto, NH
Yuwono, D
Novriani, H
Tan, RI
Sudjana, P
Jusuf, H
Parwati, I
Williams, M
Blair, PJ
Beckett, CG
Porter, KR
Burgess, TH
AF Kosasih, Herman
Alisjahbana, Bachti
Rudiman, Pandji I.
Susanto, Nugroho H.
Yuwono, Djoko
Novriani, Harli
Tan, Ratna I.
Sudjana, Primal
Jusuf, Hadi
Parwati, Ida
Williams, Maya
Blair, Patrick J.
Beckett, Charmagne G.
Porter, Kevin R.
Burgess, Timothy H.
TI LONGITUDINAL PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF DENGUE IN A COHORT OF INDONESIAN
ADULTS REVEALS A SHIFT IN SEROTYPE PREDOMINANCE AND INCREASED DISEASE
SEVERITY
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene
CY DEC 07-11, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg
C1 [Kosasih, Herman; Susanto, Nugroho H.; Tan, Ratna I.; Williams, Maya; Blair, Patrick J.; Burgess, Timothy H.] US NAMRU, Viral Dis Program, Jakarta, Indonesia.
[Alisjahbana, Bachti; Rudiman, Pandji I.; Sudjana, Primal; Jusuf, Hadi; Parwati, Ida] Hasan Sadikin Hosp, Bandung, Indonesia.
[Yuwono, Djoko; Novriani, Harli] Indonesian Minist Hlth, Natl Inst Hlth Res & Dev, Jakarta, Indonesia.
[Beckett, Charmagne G.; Porter, Kevin R.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 6
MA 897
BP 264
EP 264
PG 1
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 382ZT
UT WOS:000261644601262
ER
PT J
AU Nurhayati
Kosasih, H
Samsi, KM
Alisjahbana, B
Samsi, TK
Jusuf, H
Sudjana, P
Setiabudi, D
Parwati, I
Susanto, NH
Hafy, Z
Gustiani
Widjaja, S
Yuwono, D
Antonjaya, U
Beckett, C
Porter, K
Williams, M
Blair, P
Burgess, T
AF Nurhayati
Kosasih, Herman
Samsi, Kiki M.
Alisjahbana, Bachti
Samsi, Tatang K.
Jusuf, Hadi
Sudjana, Primal
Setiabudi, Djatnika
Parwati, Ida
Susanto, Nugroho H.
Hafy, Zen
Gustiani
Widjaja, Susanna
Yuwono, Djoko
Antonjaya, Ungke
Beckett, Charmagne
Porter, Kevin
Williams, Maya
Blair, Patrick
Burgess, Timothy
TI EVALUATION OF HOUSEHOLD TRANSMISSION OF DENGUE USING A CLUSTER
EPIDEMIOLOGY STUDY DESIGN IN WEST JAVA, INDONESIA
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene
CY DEC 07-11, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg
C1 [Nurhayati; Kosasih, Herman; Susanto, Nugroho H.; Gustiani; Widjaja, Susanna; Antonjaya, Ungke; Williams, Maya; Blair, Patrick; Burgess, Timothy] Naval Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia.
[Samsi, Kiki M.; Samsi, Tatang K.] Sumber Waras Hosp, Jakarta, Indonesia.
[Alisjahbana, Bachti; Jusuf, Hadi; Sudjana, Primal; Setiabudi, Djatnika; Parwati, Ida] Hasan Sadikin Hosp, Bandung, Indonesia.
[Hafy, Zen] Univ Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia.
[Yuwono, Djoko] Natl Inst Hlth Res & Dev, Jakarta, Indonesia.
[Beckett, Charmagne; Porter, Kevin] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 6
MA 896
BP 264
EP 264
PG 1
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 382ZT
UT WOS:000261644601261
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, G
Richie, TL
Charoenvit, Y
Zimmerman, D
Casares, S
AF Jiang, George
Richie, Thomas L.
Charoenvit, Yupin
Zimmerman, Dan
Casares, Sofia
TI IMMUNIZATION WITH A SMALL PEPTIDE (CEL-1000) PROTECTS AGAINST RODENT
MALARIA BY MODULATING INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSES IN LIVER
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene
CY DEC 07-11, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg
C1 [Zimmerman, Dan] CEL SCI CORP, Vienna, VA USA.
[Jiang, George; Richie, Thomas L.; Charoenvit, Yupin; Casares, Sofia] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 6
MA 1018
BP 299
EP 299
PG 1
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 382ZT
UT WOS:000261644601382
ER
PT J
AU Sedegah, M
McGrath, S
Regis, D
Chuang, I
Ganeshan, H
Abot, S
Banania, G
Manohar, N
Doolan, D
Limbach, K
House, B
Aguiarl, J
Long, C
Bruder, J
King, C
Patterson, N
Tamminga, C
Epstein, J
Mendoza-Silveiras, J
Williams, F
Soisson, L
Diggs, C
Ockenhouse, C
Richie, T
AF Sedegah, Martha
McGrath, Shannon
Regis, David
Chuang, Ilin
Ganeshan, Harini
Abot, Stephen
Banania, Glena
Manohar, Nalini
Doolan, Denise
Limbach, Keith
House, Brent
Aguiarl, Joao
Long, Carole
Bruder, Joseph
King, Christopher
Patterson, Noelle
Tamminga, Cindy
Epstein, Judith
Mendoza-Silveiras, Jose
Williams, Frank
Soisson, Lorraine
Diggs, Carter
Ockenhouse, Christopher
Richie, Thomas
TI IMMUNOGENICITY OF TWO DOSES OF A MULTI-STAGE, MULTI-ANTIGEN
ADENOVIRUS-VECTORED PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM MALARIA VACCINE IN A PHASE 1
TRIAL
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene
CY DEC 07-11, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg
C1 [Sedegah, Martha; Regis, David; Chuang, Ilin; Ganeshan, Harini; Abot, Stephen; Banania, Glena; Manohar, Nalini; Doolan, Denise; Limbach, Keith; House, Brent; Aguiarl, Joao; Patterson, Noelle; Tamminga, Cindy; Epstein, Judith; Richie, Thomas] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[McGrath, Shannon; Ockenhouse, Christopher] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Long, Carole] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Bruder, Joseph; King, Christopher] GenVec, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
[Williams, Frank] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA.
[Soisson, Lorraine; Diggs, Carter] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20523 USA.
RI Doolan, Denise/F-1969-2015
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 6
MA 1034
BP 304
EP 304
PG 1
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 382ZT
UT WOS:000261644601398
ER
PT J
AU Husain, T
Richie, TL
Weiss, W
AF Husain, Tupur
Richie, Thomas L.
Weiss, Walter
TI ASSESSING PARASITE BURDEN IN PLASMODIUM KNOWLESI/RHESUS MONKEY
SPOROZOITE CHALLENGE MODEL BY QUANTITATIVE REAL-TIME PCR AND HISTOLOGY
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene
CY DEC 07-11, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg
C1 [Husain, Tupur; Richie, Thomas L.; Weiss, Walter] USN, Med Res Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 6
MA 1046
BP 307
EP 308
PG 2
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 382ZT
UT WOS:000261644601410
ER
PT J
AU Britch, SC
Linthicum, KJ
Wynn, WW
Walker, TW
Farooq, M
Lothrop, BB
AF Britch, Seth C.
Linthicum, Kenneth J.
Wynn, Willard W.
Walker, Todd W.
Farooq, Muhammad
Lothrop, Branka B.
TI EVALUATING ULV MOSQUITO CONTROL APPLICATIONS IN A SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
DESERT HABITAT
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene
CY DEC 07-11, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg
C1 [Britch, Seth C.; Linthicum, Kenneth J.; Wynn, Willard W.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Walker, Todd W.; Farooq, Muhammad] USN, Entomol Ctr Excellence, Jacksonville, FL USA.
[Lothrop, Branka B.] Coachella Valley Mosquito & Vector Control Dist, Indio, CA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 6
MA 1058
BP 311
EP 311
PG 1
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 382ZT
UT WOS:000261644601422
ER
PT J
AU Susanto, NH
Raksanegara, AS
Alisjahbana, B
Sudjana, P
Jusuf, H
Rudiman, PI
Mukhri, HL
Williams, M
Blair, PJ
Beckett, CG
Porter, KR
Tan, RI
Burgess, TH
Kosasih, H
AF Susanto, Nugroho H.
Raksanegara, Ardini S.
Alisjahbana, Bachti
Sudjana, Primal
Jusuf, Hadi
Rudiman, Pandji I.
Mukhri, Haditya L.
Williams, Maya
Blair, Patrick J.
Beckett, Charmagne G.
Porter, Kevin R.
Tan, Ratna I.
Burgess, Timothy H.
Kosasih, Herman
TI DISEASE BURDEN DUE TO DENGUE AND INFLUENZA IN AN INDONESIAN FACTORY
WORKER COHORT
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene
CY DEC 07-11, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg
C1 [Susanto, Nugroho H.; Mukhri, Haditya L.; Williams, Maya; Blair, Patrick J.; Tan, Ratna I.; Burgess, Timothy H.; Kosasih, Herman] United States Naval Med Res Unit 2, Viral Dis Program, Jakarta, Indonesia.
[Raksanegara, Ardini S.] Padjadjaran State Univ, Fac Med, Dept Publ Hlth, Bandung, Indonesia.
[Alisjahbana, Bachti; Sudjana, Primal; Jusuf, Hadi; Rudiman, Pandji I.] Hasan Sadikin Hosp, Bandung, Indonesia.
[Beckett, Charmagne G.; Porter, Kevin R.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 6
MA 1109
BP 324
EP 325
PG 2
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 382ZT
UT WOS:000261644601472
ER
PT J
AU Stojadinovic, A
Elster, EA
Anam, K
Tadaki, D
Amare, M
Zins, S
Davis, TA
AF Stojadinovic, Alexander
Elster, Eric A.
Anam, Khairul
Tadaki, Douglas
Amare, Mihret
Zins, Stephen
Davis, Thomas A.
TI Angiogenic response to extracorporeal shock wave treatment in murine
skin isografts
SO ANGIOGENESIS
LA English
DT Article
DE Angiogenesis; Extracorporeal shock wave therapy; Skin graft; Wound
healing
ID ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELLS; VACUUM-ASSISTED CLOSURE;
GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; FLAP SURVIVAL; GENE-THERAPY; BONE-MARROW;
ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION; ISCHEMIC NECROSIS; MODEL; ULTRASOUND
AB Skin grafts are commonly utilized and proven effective methods of open wound coverage. Revascularization through neoangiogenesis is a pivotal mechanism for skin graft integration and durability. Extracorporeal shock-wave treatment (ESWT) has been demonstrated to accelerate wound repair; however, its mechanism-of-action is unclear. We investigated the role of ESWT in early revascularization of full-thickness skin isografts in a murine model. Cohorts of mice were euthanized and skin grafts were harvested 6 h, 2, 4, and 7 days post grafting +/- A ESWT. Various aspects of graft neovascularization were measured including gross morphology, quantitative microscopy (vessel number, density), immunohistochemistry (CD31), cDNA SuperArrays for 84 angiogenesis-specific genes, and custom-designed 'Wound Repair' TaqMan(A (R)) Low Density Array (TLDA) cards to assess expression of 188 wound repair genes. We demonstrate that a single administration of ESWT immediately following skin grafting significantly enhances recipient graft revascularization (increased vessel number, size, and density). An augmented early pro-angiogenic and suppressed delayed pro-inflammatory response to ESWT was accompanied by significantly increased expression of both skin graft CD31 and angiogenesis pathway-specific genes, including ELR-CXC chemokines (CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL5), CC chemokines (CCL2, CCL3, CCL4), cytokines (IL-1 beta, IL-6, G-CSF, VEGF-A), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP3, MMP9, MMP13), hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF-1 alpha), and vascular remodeling kinase (Mst1), as early as 6 h and up to 7 days post grafting and treatment. These findings suggest that early pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory effects of ESWT promote tissue revascularization and wound healing by augmenting angiogenesis and dampening inflammation.
C1 [Elster, Eric A.; Anam, Khairul; Tadaki, Douglas; Amare, Mihret; Zins, Stephen; Davis, Thomas A.] USN, Regenerat Med Dept, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Elster, Eric A.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Combat Wound Initiat Program, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD USA.
[Stojadinovic, Alexander; Davis, Thomas A.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Combat Wound Initiat Program, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
[Stojadinovic, Alexander; Elster, Eric A.; Tadaki, Douglas] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
RP Davis, TA (reprint author), USN, Regenerat Med Dept, Med Res Ctr, Room 2A10,503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM thomas.davis1@med.navy.mil
FU ONR [602236N.42237, W160.A0806]; Henry M. Jackson Foundation
FX This work was supported by ONR work unit 602236N.42237. W160.A0806 and
by the Combat Wound Initiative Program, a Congressionally funded program
of the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military
Medicine.
NR 54
TC 54
Z9 55
U1 2
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0969-6970
J9 ANGIOGENESIS
JI Angiogenesis
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 11
IS 4
BP 369
EP 380
DI 10.1007/s10456-008-9120-6
PG 12
WC Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 392NP
UT WOS:000262309700006
PM 18998221
ER
PT J
AU Lee, RL
Devan, DE
AF Lee, Raymond L., Jr.
Devan, David E.
TI Observed brightness distributions in overcast skies
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SKY LUMINANCE DISTRIBUTION; ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTION; RADIANCE
DISTRIBUTIONS; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; MODEL; INHOMOGENEITY; SIMULATIONS;
ULTRAVIOLET; CLOUDS
AB Beneath most overcasts, clouds' motions and rapidly changing optical depths complicate mapping their angular distributions of luminance L-v and visible-wavelength radiance L. Fisheye images of overcast skies taken with a radiometer-calibrated digital camera provide a useful new approach to solving this problem. Maps calculated from time-averaged images of individual overcasts not only show their brightness distributions in unprecedented detail, but they also help solve a long-standing puzzle about where brightness maxima of overcasts are actually located. When combined with simulated radiance distributions from MODTRAN4. Our measured radiances also let us estimate the gradients of cloud thickness observed in some overcasts. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Lee, Raymond L., Jr.; Devan, David E.] USN Acad, Div Math & Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Lee, RL (reprint author), USN Acad, Div Math & Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM raylee@usna.edu
NR 41
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 34
BP H116
EP H127
DI 10.1364/AO.47.00H116
PG 12
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 386BB
UT WOS:000261856200016
PM 19037331
ER
PT J
AU Lee, RL
AF Lee, Raymond L., Jr.
TI Measuring overcast colors with all-sky imaging
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CLEAR-SKY; DAYLIGHT; MODEL
AB Digital images of overcast skies as seen from the earth's surface open new windows onto the angular details of overcast colors and visible-wave length spectra. After calibration with a spectroradiometer, a commercial CCD camera equipped with a fisheye lens can produce colorimetrically accurate all-sky maps of overcast spectra. Histograms and azimuthally averaged curves of the resulting chromaticities show consistent, but unexpected, patterns in time-averaged overcast colors. Although widely used models such as LOWTRAN7 and MODTRAN4 cannot explain these characteristic patterns, a simple semiempirical model based on the radiative transfer equation does, and it provides insights into the visible consequences of absorption and scattering both within and beneath overcasts. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 USN Acad, Div Math & Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Lee, RL (reprint author), USN Acad, Div Math & Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM raylee@usna.edu
NR 23
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 3
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 34
BP H106
EP H115
DI 10.1364/AO.47.00H106
PG 10
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 386BB
UT WOS:000261856200015
PM 19037329
ER
PT J
AU Shaw, JA
Lee, RL
Adler, CL
AF Shaw, Joseph A.
Lee, Raymond L., Jr.
Adler, Charles L.
TI Light and color in the open air: introduction to the feature issue
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
AB This feature issue is a celebration of the joy and scientific richness of observing optical phenomena in nature. The majority of papers are adapted from presentations given at the Ninth International Meeting on Light and Color in Nature, held in Bozeman, Montana, from 25 to 29 June 2007. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Shaw, Joseph A.] Montana State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Lee, Raymond L., Jr.] USN Acad, Div Math & Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Adler, Charles L.] St Marys Coll Maryland, Dept Phys, St Marys City, MD 20618 USA.
RP Shaw, JA (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 610 Cobleigh Hall, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM jshaw@montana.edu
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 34
BP LC1
EP LC2
DI 10.1364/AO.47.000LC1
PG 2
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 386BB
UT WOS:000261856200001
PM 19037357
ER
PT J
AU Furstenberg, R
Kendziora, CA
Stepnowski, J
Stepnowski, SV
Rake, M
Papantonakis, MR
Nguyen, V
Hubler, GK
McGill, RA
AF Furstenberg, R.
Kendziora, C. A.
Stepnowski, J.
Stepnowski, S. V.
Rake, M.
Papantonakis, M. R.
Nguyen, V.
Hubler, G. K.
McGill, R. A.
TI Stand-off detection of trace explosives via resonant infrared
photothermal imaging
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE explosives; infrared imaging; national security; organic compounds;
spectrochemical analysis
ID EXCITATION
AB We describe a technique for rapid stand-off detection of trace explosives and other analytes of interest. An infrared (IR) laser is directed to a surface of interest, which is viewed using a thermal imager. Resonant absorption by the analyte at specific IR wavelengths selectively heats the analyte, providing a thermal contrast with the substrate. The concept is demonstrated using trinitrotoluene and cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine on transparent, absorbing, and reflecting substrates. Trace explosives have been detected from particles as small as 10 mu m.
C1 [Furstenberg, R.; Kendziora, C. A.; Stepnowski, J.; Stepnowski, S. V.; Rake, M.; Papantonakis, M. R.; Nguyen, V.; Hubler, G. K.; McGill, R. A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Furstenberg, R (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6365,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM kendzior@ccs.nrl.navy.mil
RI Papantonakis, Michael/G-3888-2012
FU ONR/NRL [61153N, MA022-06-4G]; OSD/RRTO [DRE-3826-777]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support from ONR/NRL (61153N,
MA022-06-4G). Part of this work was supported under OSD/RRTO (Grant No.
DRE-3826-777). This research was performed while R. F. held a National
Research Council Research Associateship Award at the U. S. Naval
Research Laboratory.
NR 16
TC 55
Z9 55
U1 2
U2 13
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 22
AR 224103
DI 10.1063/1.3027461
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 379XT
UT WOS:000261430600093
ER
PT J
AU Mahadik, NA
Qadri, SB
Rao, MV
AF Mahadik, Nadeemullah A.
Qadri, Syed B.
Rao, Mulpuri V.
TI Surface strain and its impact on the electrical resistivity of GaN
channel in AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminium compounds; electrical resistivity; gallium compounds; high
electron mobility transistors; III-V semiconductors; semiconductor
heterojunctions; tensile strength; wide band gap semiconductors; X-ray
diffraction
ID HEMTS; PERFORMANCE; DENSITY; GROWTH; MBE
AB Localized strain in AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) device structures was studied by high resolution x-ray diffraction and rocking curve measurements, and the results were compared with the corresponding channel sheet resistance measurements. The map of in-plane tensile strain on the HEMT wafer showed a near one-to-one correspondence with the electrical resistivity. The in-plane strain variation in the range of (2.295-3.539)x10(-4) resulted in a corresponding sheet resistance variation between 345 and 411 Omega/square.
C1 [Mahadik, Nadeemullah A.; Rao, Mulpuri V.] George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Qadri, Syed B.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Mahadik, NA (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM qadri@anvil.nrl.navy.mil
RI Mahadik, Nadeemullah/C-8551-2009
FU NSF [ECS-0330226]; ARO [W911NF-04-1-0428]
FX We would like to thank Dr. Binari from U.S. Naval Research Laboratory
for providing the samples for this work. This material is based on the
work supported by NSF Award No. ECS-0330226 and ARO Award No.
W911NF-04-1-0428 (Dr. Prater).
NR 17
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 22
AR 222106
DI 10.1063/1.3040315
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 379XT
UT WOS:000261430600038
ER
PT J
AU Gong, GC
Zeng, W
Wang, LP
Wu, C
AF Gong, Guangcai
Zeng, Wei
Wang, Liping
Wu, Chih
TI A new heat recovery technique for air-conditioning/heat-pump system
SO APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Air-conditioning/heat-pump; Condensing heat recovery; Fluid bypass
pneumatic control; Multi-function system
AB A new heat recovery technique for an air-conditioning employs a compound air-cooling and water-cooling condensing module to replace the traditional sole air-cooling condensing module of the AC/HP system. The system adopting this technique can be called a multi-function AC/HP system. It can improve cooling and heating effects, and recover condensing heat for heating sanitary water. A fluid bypass pneumatic controlled reversing valve is also added to the system. It makes Sure that the system can shift flexibly between different working modes according to the building users' requirement. An experimental unit of the new technique AC/HP system has been made and tested. Testing results indicate that the new AC/HP system is able to perform stably and flexibly under various conditions. The system has relatively large coefficient of performance (COP) which can be as high as about 6.0. It is Suggested that a supplementary electric heating device should be used to heat water to a higher temperature in the winter before starting sanitary water. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gong, Guangcai; Zeng, Wei; Wang, Liping] Hunan Univ, Civil Engn Coll, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.
[Gong, Guangcai; Zeng, Wei; Wang, Liping] Hunan Univ, Minist Educ, Lab Bldg Safety & Energy Efficiency, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.
[Wu, Chih] USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Gong, GC (reprint author), Hunan Univ, Civil Engn Coll, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.
EM gcgong@hnu.cn
FU National 863 program of China; Department of Science and Technology of
Hunan Province of China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy
Efficiency (Hunan University), Ministry of Education of China
FX The authors would like to thank the engineers, like Xiangfeng Hu, for
their help in system experimentation. The authors are also grateful to
the financial support of National 863 program of China, the Special
Research Program of Department of Science and Technology of Hunan
Province of China and Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy
Efficiency (Hunan University), Ministry of Education of China.
NR 14
TC 24
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 10
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-4311
J9 APPL THERM ENG
JI Appl. Therm. Eng.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 28
IS 17-18
BP 2360
EP 2370
DI 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2008.01.019
PG 11
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Mechanics
GA 357XY
UT WOS:000259881700027
ER
PT J
AU Mason, BD
Hartkopf, WI
Wycoff, GL
AF Mason, Brian D.
Hartkopf, William I.
Wycoff, Gary L.
TI SPECKLE INTERFEROMETRY AT THE US NAVAL OBSERVATORY. XIV.
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE binaries: general; binaries: visual
ID BINARY STAR ORBITS; PROPER-MOTION STARS; 20 VISUAL BINARIES;
PHOTOGRAPHIC ASTROMETRY; SYSTEMS; PARALLAX; ELEMENTS
AB The results of 2033 intensified CCD observations of double stars, made with the 26 inch refractor of the U. S. Naval Observatory, are presented. Each observation of a system represents a combination of over 2000 short-exposure images. These observations are averaged into 1297 mean relative positions and range in separation from 0 ''.54 to 58 ''.96, with a mean separation of 14 ''.99. This is the 14(th) in this series of papers and covers the period 2007 January 17 through 2007 December 31. The first two resolutions of closer companions to previously known wider pairs are also presented.
C1 [Mason, Brian D.; Hartkopf, William I.; Wycoff, Gary L.] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA.
RP Mason, BD (reprint author), USN Observ, 3450 Massachusetts Ave NW, Washington, DC 20392 USA.
EM bdm@usno.navy.mil; wih@usno.navy.mil; glw@usno.navy.mil
NR 76
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 136
IS 6
BP 2223
EP 2226
DI 10.1088/0004-6256/136/6/2223
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 374KP
UT WOS:000261042500001
ER
PT J
AU Grier, CJ
Peterson, BM
Bentz, MC
Denney, KD
Eastman, JD
Dietrich, M
Pogge, RW
Prieto, JL
DePoy, DL
Assef, RJ
Atlee, DW
Bird, J
Eyler, ME
Peeples, MS
Siverd, R
Watson, LC
Yee, JC
AF Grier, C. J.
Peterson, B. M.
Bentz, M. C.
Denney, K. D.
Eastman, J. D.
Dietrich, M.
Pogge, R. W.
Prieto, J. L.
DePoy, D. L.
Assef, R. J.
Atlee, D. W.
Bird, J.
Eyler, M. E.
Peeples, M. S.
Siverd, R.
Watson, L. C.
Yee, J. C.
TI THE MASS OF THE BLACK HOLE IN THE QUASAR PG 2130+099
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: active; galaxies: nuclei; galaxies: Seyfert; quasars: emission
lines
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; CROSS-CORRELATION LAGS; EMISSION-LINE REGION;
VELOCITY DISPERSION; SEYFERT-1 GALAXIES; REVERBERATION; HOST;
VARIABILITY; LUMINOSITY; CONTINUUM
AB We present the results of a recent reverberation-mapping campaign undertaken to improve measurements of the radius of the broad-line region and the central black hole mass of the quasar PG 2130+099. Cross-correlation of the 5100 angstrom continuum and H beta emission-line light curves yields a time lag of 22.9(-4.3)(+4.3) days, corresponding to a central black hole mass M-BH = (3.8 +/- 1.5) x 10(7) M-circle dot. This value supports the notion that previous measurements yielded an incorrect lag. We reanalyze previous data sets to investigate the possible sources of the discrepancy and conclude that previous measurement errors were apparently caused by a combination of undersampling of the light curves and long-term secular changes in the H beta emission-line equivalent width. With our new measurements, PG 2130+099 is no longer an outlier in either the R-BLR-L or the M-BH-sigma* relationship.
C1 [Grier, C. J.; Peterson, B. M.; Denney, K. D.; Eastman, J. D.; Dietrich, M.; Pogge, R. W.; Prieto, J. L.; DePoy, D. L.; Assef, R. J.; Atlee, D. W.; Bird, J.; Peeples, M. S.; Siverd, R.; Watson, L. C.; Yee, J. C.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Peterson, B. M.; Pogge, R. W.; DePoy, D. L.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH USA.
[Bentz, M. C.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Eyler, M. E.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.
RP Grier, CJ (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
OI Eastman, Jason/0000-0003-3773-5142
FU National Science Foundation through grant AST [06-04066]; Ohio State
University
FX We are grateful for support of this program by the National Science
Foundation through grant AST 06-04066 to The Ohio State University. We
would also like to thank H. Netzer, S. Kaspi, and referee C. M. Gaskell
for their helpful suggestions.
NR 31
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 688
IS 2
BP 837
EP 843
DI 10.1086/592269
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 373VU
UT WOS:000261002400010
ER
PT J
AU Abdo, AA
Allen, B
Aune, T
Berley, D
Blaufuss, E
Casanova, S
Chen, C
Dingus, BL
Ellsworth, RW
Fleysher, L
Fleysher, R
Gonzalez, MM
Goodman, JA
Hoffman, CM
Huntemeyer, PH
Kolterman, BE
Lansdell, CP
Linnemann, JT
McEnery, JE
Mincer, AI
Moskalenko, IV
Nemethy, P
Noyes, D
Porter, TA
Pretz, J
Ryan, JM
Parkinson, PMS
Shoup, A
Sinnis, G
Smith, AJ
Strong, AW
Sullivan, GW
Vasileiou, V
Walker, GP
Williams, DA
Yodh, GB
AF Abdo, A. A.
Allen, B.
Aune, T.
Berley, D.
Blaufuss, E.
Casanova, S.
Chen, C.
Dingus, B. L.
Ellsworth, R. W.
Fleysher, L.
Fleysher, R.
Gonzalez, M. M.
Goodman, J. A.
Hoffman, C. M.
Huentemeyer, P. H.
Kolterman, B. E.
Lansdell, C. P.
Linnemann, J. T.
McEnery, J. E.
Mincer, A. I.
Moskalenko, I. V.
Nemethy, P.
Noyes, D.
Porter, T. A.
Pretz, J.
Ryan, J. M.
Parkinson, P. M. Saz
Shoup, A.
Sinnis, G.
Smith, A. J.
Strong, A. W.
Sullivan, G. W.
Vasileiou, V.
Walker, G. P.
Williams, D. A.
Yodh, G. B.
TI MEASUREMENT OF THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF DIFFUSE TeV GAMMA-RAY
EMISSION FROM THE GALACTIC PLANE WITH MILAGRO
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE gamma rays: observations
ID COSMIC-RAY; GALAXY; J2032+4130; DISCOVERY; SPECTRUM; CYGNUS; EXCESS;
MATTER; RIDGE
AB Diffuse gamma-ray emission produced by the interaction of cosmic-ray particles with matter and radiation in the Galaxy can be used to probe the distribution of cosmic rays and their sources in different regions of the Galaxy. With its large field of view and long observation time, the Milagro Gamma Ray Observatory is an ideal instrument for surveying large regions of the northern hemisphere sky and for detecting diffuse gamma-ray emission at very high energies. Here the spatial distribution and the flux of the diffuse gamma-ray emission in the TeV energy range with a median energy of 15 TeV for Galactic longitude between 30 degrees and 110 degrees and between 136 degrees and 216 degrees and for Galactic latitude between -10 degrees and 10 degrees are determined. The measured fluxes are consistent with predictions of the GALPROP model everywhere, except for the Cygnus region (l is an element of[65 degrees, 85 degrees]). For the Cygnus region, the flux is twice the predicted value. This excess can be explained by the presence of active cosmic-ray sources accelerating hadrons, which interact with the local dense interstellar medium and produce gamma rays through pion decay.
C1 [Abdo, A. A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Allen, B.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Aune, T.; Porter, T. A.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Berley, D.; Blaufuss, E.; Goodman, J. A.; Noyes, D.; Smith, A. J.; Sullivan, G. W.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Casanova, S.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Chen, C.; Yodh, G. B.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA.
[Dingus, B. L.; Hoffman, C. M.; Huentemeyer, P. H.; Pretz, J.; Sinnis, G.; Walker, G. P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Ellsworth, R. W.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Fleysher, L.; Fleysher, R.; Kolterman, B. E.; Mincer, A. I.; Nemethy, P.] NYU, New York, NY USA.
[Gonzalez, M. M.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[Lansdell, C. P.] Inst Def Anal, Alexandria, VA USA.
[Linnemann, J. T.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[McEnery, J. E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Moskalenko, I. V.] Stanford Univ, HEPL, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Moskalenko, I. V.] Stanford Univ, KIPAC, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Ryan, J. M.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Shoup, A.] Ohio State Univ, Lima, OH 45804 USA.
[Strong, A. W.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-37075 Garching, Germany.
RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RI McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Casanova, Sabrina/J-8935-2013; Moskalenko,
Igor/A-1301-2007;
OI Casanova, Sabrina/0000-0002-6144-9122; Moskalenko,
Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Dingus, Brenda/0000-0001-8451-7450
FU National Science Foundation [PHY-0245234, PHY-0302000, PHY-0400424,
PHY-0504201, PHY-0601080, ATM-0002744]; Department of Energy (Office of
High Energy Physics); Los Alamos National Laboratory; University of
California; Institute for Geophysics and Planetary Physics at Los Alamos
National Laboratory; NASA APRA
FX We thank Scott Delay, Michael Schneider, and Owen Marshall for their
dedicated efforts on the Milagro experiment. We also gratefully
acknowledge the financial support of the National Science Foundation
(under grants PHY-0245234, -0302000, -0400424, -0504201, -0601080, and
ATM-0002744), the Department of Energy (Office of High Energy Physics),
Los Alamos National Laboratory, the University of California, and the
Institute for Geophysics and Planetary Physics at Los Alamos National
Laboratory. I.V. Moskalenko acknowledges partial support from the NASA
APRA grant.
NR 35
TC 65
Z9 67
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 688
IS 2
BP 1078
EP 1083
DI 10.1086/592213
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 373VU
UT WOS:000261002400028
ER
PT J
AU Swain, MD
Octain, J
Benson, DE
AF Swain, Marla D.
Octain, Jashain
Benson, David E.
TI Unimolecular, Soluble Semiconductor Nanoparticle-Based Biosensors for
Thrombin Using Charge/Electron Transfer
SO BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; APTAMER-BASED SENSORS; QUANTUM DOTS;
SURFACE-COATINGS; BINDING; FLUORESCENCE; DIRECTION; PROTEINS; SINGLE;
DNA
AB Duplex DNA was attached to semiconductor nanoparticles providing selective detection of thrombin. Using the method reported here, semiconductor nanoparticles can have selective sensory functions for a host of additional analytes in the future. The system uses one DNA strand that selectively binds an analyte (thrombin), while the complementary DNA strand contains a redox-active metal complex. The accessibility of the metal complex to the nanoparticle surface is increased upon thrombin binding due to unravelling of the duplex DNA secondary structure. Increased interactions between the metal complex and the nanoparticle surface will decrease nanoparticle emission intensity, through charge transfer. Initially, water-soluble nanoparticles with carboxylate-terminated monolayers showed thrombin-specific responses in emission intensity (-30% for 1: 1 nanoparticle to DNA, +50% for 1:5). Despite the selective responses, the thrombin binding isotherms indicated multiple binding equilibria and more than likely nanoparticle aggregation. The need for a nonaggregative system comes from the potential employment of these sensors in live cell or living system fluorescence assays. By changing the nanoparticle capping ligand to provide an ethylene glycol-terminated monolayer, the binding isotherms fit a two-state binding model with a thrombin dissociation constant of 3 nM in a physiologically relevant buffer. This article demonstrates the need to consider capping ligand effects in designing biosensors based on semiconductor nanoparticles and demonstrates an initial DNA-attached semiconductor nanoparticle system that uses DNA-analyte binding interactions (aptamers).
C1 [Swain, Marla D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Swain, Marla D.; Octain, Jashain; Benson, David E.] Wayne State Univ, Dept Chem, Detroit, MI 48202 USA.
[Benson, David E.] Calvin Coll, Dept Chem & Biochem, Grand Rapids, MI 49546 USA.
RP Swain, MD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM deb22@calvin.edu
FU Office of Naval Research [N000140710218]; National Science Foundation
[DBI-0508134]
FX Funding for this research was provided by the Office of Naval Research
(N000140710218) and the National Science Foundation (DBI-0508134).
NR 37
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 25
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1043-1802
J9 BIOCONJUGATE CHEM
JI Bioconjugate Chem.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 19
IS 12
BP 2520
EP 2526
DI 10.1021/bc8003952
PG 7
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology;
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Organic
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 384TT
UT WOS:000261767800030
PM 19053236
ER
PT J
AU Parnell, GS
Borio, LL
Brown, GG
Banks, D
Wilson, AG
AF Parnell, Gregory S.
Borio, Luciana L.
Brown, Gerald G.
Banks, David
Wilson, Alyson G.
TI SCIENTISTS URGE DHS TO IMPROVE BIOTERRORISM RISK ASSESSMENT
SO BIOSECURITY AND BIOTERRORISM-BIODEFENSE STRATEGY PRACTICE AND SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
AB In 2006, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) completed its first Bioterrorism Risk Assessment (BTRA), intended to be the foundation for DHS's subsequent biennial risk assessments mandated by Homeland Security Presidential Directive 10 (HSPD-10). At the request of DHS, the National Research Council established the Committee on Methodological Improvements to the Department of Homeland Security's Biological Agent Risk Analysis to provide an independent, scientific peer review of the BTRA. The Committee found a number of shortcomings in the BTRA, including a failure to consider terrorists as intelligent adversaries in their models, unnecessary complexity in threat and consequence modeling and simulations, and a lack of focus on risk management. The Committee unanimously concluded that an improved BTRA is needed to provide a more credible foundation for risk-informed decision making.
C1 [Parnell, Gregory S.] US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA.
[Borio, Luciana L.] Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Ctr Biosecur, Baltimore, MD USA.
[Brown, Gerald G.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA USA.
[Banks, David] Duke Univ, Dept Stat & Decis Sci, Durham, NC USA.
[Wilson, Alyson G.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA USA.
RP Parnell, GS (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA.
EM gregory.parnell@usma.edu
OI Wilson, Alyson/0000-0003-1461-6212
NR 7
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 4
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1538-7135
J9 BIOSECUR BIOTERROR
JI Biosecur. Bioterror.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 6
IS 4
BP 353
EP 356
DI 10.1089/bsp.2008.0930
PG 4
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations
GA 389YB
UT WOS:000262130400012
PM 18976117
ER
PT J
AU Raphael, MP
Christodoulides, JA
Qadri, SN
Qadri, SA
Miller, MM
Kurihara, LK
Byers, JM
AF Raphael, Marc P.
Christodoulides, Joseph A.
Qadri, Syed N.
Qadri, Syed A.
Miller, Michael M.
Kurihara, Lynn K.
Byers, Jeff M.
TI The use of DNA molecular beacons as nanoscale temperature probes for
microchip-based biosensors
SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Molecular beacon; Joule heating; Thermometry; Biochip; Kinetics; Heat
shock
ID DIP-PEN NANOLITHOGRAPHY; HYBRIDIZATION; DELIVERY
AB Today's biosensors and drug delivery devices are increasingly incorporating lithographically patterned circuitry that is placed within microns of the biological molecules to be detected or released. Elevated temperatures due to joule heating from the underlying circuitry cannot only reduce device performance, but also alter the biological activity of such molecules (i.e. binding, enzymatic. folding). As a consequence, biochip design and characterization will increasingly require local measurements of the temperature and temperature gradients on the biofunctionalized surface. We have developed a technique to address this challenge based on the use of DNA molecular beacons as a nanoscale temperature probe. The surface of fused-silica chips with lithographically patterned, current-carrying gold rings have been functionalized with a layer of molecular beacons. We utilize the temperature dependence of the molecular beacons to calibrate the temperature at the center of the rings as a function of applied current from 25 to 50 degrees C. The fluorescent images of the rings reveal the extent of heating to the surrounding chip due to the applied current while resolving temperature gradients over length scales of less than 500 nm. Finite element analysis and analytic calculations of the distribution of heat in the vicinity of the current-carrying rings agree well with the experimental results. Thus, molecular beacons are shown to be a viable tool for temperature calibration of micron-sized circuitry and the visualization of submicron temperature gradients. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Raphael, Marc P.; Christodoulides, Joseph A.; Qadri, Syed N.; Qadri, Syed A.; Miller, Michael M.; Kurihara, Lynn K.; Byers, Jeff M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Raphael, MP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM raphael@anvil.nrl.navy.mil
NR 20
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
PI OXFORD
PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON,
OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0956-5663
J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON
JI Biosens. Bioelectron.
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 4
BP 888
EP 892
DI 10.1016/j.bios.2008.07.028
PG 5
WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical;
Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry;
Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 377PB
UT WOS:000261262000060
PM 18760910
ER
PT J
AU Biffinger, JC
Pietron, J
Bretschger, O
Nadeau, LJ
Johnson, GR
Williams, CC
Nealson, KH
Ringeisen, BR
AF Biffinger, Justin C.
Pietron, Jeremy
Bretschger, Orianna
Nadeau, Lloyd J.
Johnson, Glenn R.
Williams, Cynthia C.
Nealson, Kenneth H.
Ringeisen, Bradley R.
TI The influence of acidity on microbial fuel cells containing Shewanella
oneidensis
SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Microbial fuel cells (MFCs); Acidity; Shewanella oneidensis; Mediated
electron transfer
ID EXTRACELLULAR ELECTRON-TRANSFER; GLOBAL TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS;
WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; OXYGEN REDUCTION; IRON REDUCTION; MR-1; PH;
MEMBRANE; CHAMBER; PUTREFACIENS
AB Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) traditionally operate at pH values between 6 and 8. However, the effect of pH on the growth and electron transfer abilities of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 (wild-type) and DSP10 (spontaneous mutant), bacteria commonly used in MFCs, to electrodes has not been examined. Miniature MFCs using bare graphite felt electrodes and nanoporous polycarbonate membranes with MR-1 or DSP10 cultures generated >8 W/m(3) and similar to 400 mu A between pH 6-7. The DSP10 strain significantly outperformed MR-1 at neutral pH but underperformed at pH 5. Higher concentrations of DSP10 were sustained at pH 7 relative to that of MR-1, whereas at pH 5 this trend was reversed indicating that cell count was not solely responsible for the observed differences in current. S. oneidensis MR-1 was determined to be more suitable than DSP10 for MFCs with elevated acidity levels. The concentration of riboflavin in the bacterial cultures was reduced significantly at pH 5 for DSP10, as determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of the filter sterilized growth media. In addition, these results suggest that mediator biosynthesis and not solely bacterial concentration plays a significant role in current output from S. oneidensis containing MFCs. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Biffinger, Justin C.; Pietron, Jeremy; Williams, Cynthia C.; Ringeisen, Bradley R.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Bretschger, Orianna; Nealson, Kenneth H.] Univ So Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Nadeau, Lloyd J.; Johnson, Glenn R.] USAF, Res Lab, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA.
[Bretschger, Orianna] Univ So Calif, Mork Family Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
RP Ringeisen, BR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM Bradley.ringeisen@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research [62123N]; Air Force Office of Scientific
Research [FA9550-06-1-0292]; US Air Force Research Laboratory; Materials
Science Directorate (AFRL-RX); National Research Council
FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research (NRL 6.2 Program
Element Number 62123N), the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
(MURI program, Award No. FA9550-06-1-0292) and the AFRL research was
funded by the US Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials Science
Directorate (AFRL-RX). JCB thanks the National Research Council for his
postdoctoral research associateship.
NR 38
TC 53
Z9 55
U1 4
U2 29
PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
PI OXFORD
PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON,
OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0956-5663
J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON
JI Biosens. Bioelectron.
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 4
BP 900
EP 905
DI 10.1016/j.bios.2008.07.034
PG 6
WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical;
Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry;
Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 377PB
UT WOS:000261262000062
PM 18774288
ER
PT J
AU Wang, Z
Malanoski, AP
Lin, BC
Kidd, C
Long, NC
Blaney, KM
Thach, DC
Tibbetts, C
Stenger, DA
AF Wang, Zheng
Malanoski, Anthony P.
Lin, Baochuan
Kidd, Carolyn
Long, Nina C.
Blaney, Kate M.
Thach, Dzung C.
Tibbetts, Clark
Stenger, David A.
TI Resequencing microarray probe design for typing genetically diverse
viruses: human rhinoviruses and enteroviruses
SO BMC GENOMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCES; DNA MICROARRAYS; MOLECULAR-IDENTIFICATION;
PATHOGENS; VP1; CLASSIFICATION; RESISTANCE; FEATURES; SEROTYPE; SAMPLES
AB Background: Febrile respiratory illness (FRI) has a high impact on public health and global economics and poses a difficult challenge for differential diagnosis. A particular issue is the detection of genetically diverse pathogens, i.e. human rhinoviruses (HRV) and enteroviruses (HEV) which are frequent causes of FRI. Resequencing Pathogen Microarray technology has demonstrated potential for differential diagnosis of several respiratory pathogens simultaneously, but a high confidence design method to select probes for genetically diverse viruses is lacking.
Results: Using HRV and HEV as test cases, we assess a general design strategy for detecting and serotyping genetically diverse viruses. A minimal number of probe sequences (26 for HRV and 13 for HEV), which were potentially capable of detecting all serotypes of HRV and HEV, were determined and implemented on the Resequencing Pathogen Microarray RPM-Flu v. 30/31 (Tessarae RPM-Flu). The specificities of designed probes were validated using 34 HRV and 28 HEV strains. All strains were successfully detected and identified at least to species level. 33 HRV strains and 16 HEV strains could be further differentiated to serotype level.
Conclusion: This study provides a fundamental evaluation of simultaneous detection and differential identification of genetically diverse RNA viruses with a minimal number of prototype sequences. The results demonstrated that the newly designed RPM-Flu v. 30/31 can provide comprehensive and specific analysis of HRV and HEV samples which implicates that this design strategy will be applicable for other genetically diverse viruses.
C1 [Wang, Zheng; Malanoski, Anthony P.; Lin, Baochuan; Thach, Dzung C.; Stenger, David A.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Kidd, Carolyn; Long, Nina C.; Blaney, Kate M.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA.
[Tibbetts, Clark] Tessarae LLC, Potomac Falls, VA 20165 USA.
RP Wang, Z (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM zheng.wang@nrl.navy.mil; anthony.malanoski@nrl.navy.mil;
baochuan.lin@nrl.navy.mil; caro_kidd@verizon.net;
nina.long@nrl.navy.mil; kate_m_mueller@yahoo.com;
dzung.thach@nrl.navy.mil; clark.tibbetts@tessarae.com;
david.stenger@nrl.navy.mil
RI Malanoski, Anthony/C-7814-2011; Lin, Baochuan/A-8390-2009
OI Malanoski, Anthony/0000-0001-6192-888X; Lin,
Baochuan/0000-0002-9484-0785
FU Office of Naval Research via the NRL base program; Tessarae, LLC
(Potomac Falls, VA)
FX The funding for this research was provided in part by the Office of
Naval Research via the NRL base program. Partial support from Tessarae,
LLC (Potomac Falls, VA) through cooperative research and development
agreement that help make this research possible is also gratefully
appreciated.
NR 33
TC 27
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 1
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T
4LB, ENGLAND
SN 1471-2164
J9 BMC GENOMICS
JI BMC Genomics
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 9
AR 577
DI 10.1186/1471-2164-9-577
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 390WT
UT WOS:000262195100001
PM 19046445
ER
PT J
AU Turk, FJ
Arkin, P
Ebert, EE
Sapiano, MRP
AF Turk, F. Joseph
Arkin, Philip
Ebert, Elizabeth E.
Sapiano, Mathew R. P.
TI EVALUATING HIGH-RESOLUTION PRECIPITATION PRODUCTS
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID INTERCOMPARISON PROJECT; MICROWAVE; RAINFALL
C1 [Turk, F. Joseph] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Arkin, Philip; Sapiano, Mathew R. P.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Ebert, Elizabeth E.] Bur Meteorol Res Ctr, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
RP Turk, FJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM joe.turk@nrlmry.navy.mil
RI Sapiano, Mathew/F-4688-2010; Arkin, Phillip/F-5808-2010
NR 15
TC 61
Z9 65
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 89
IS 12
BP 1911
EP 1916
DI 10.1175/2008BAMS2652.1
PG 6
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 389KH
UT WOS:000262090800011
ER
PT J
AU Amin, A
Benavides, LC
Holmes, JP
Gates, JD
Carmichael, MG
Hueman, MT
Mittendorf, EA
Storrer, CE
Jama, YH
Craig, D
Stojadinovic, A
Ponniah, S
Peoples, GE
AF Amin, Asna
Benavides, Linda C.
Holmes, Jarrod P.
Gates, Jeremy D.
Carmichael, Mark G.
Hueman, Matthew T.
Mittendorf, Elizabeth A.
Storrer, Catherine E.
Jama, Yusuf H.
Craig, Dianna
Stojadinovic, Alex
Ponniah, Sathibalan
Peoples, George E.
TI Assessment of immunologic response and recurrence patterns among
patients with clinical recurrence after vaccination with a preventive
HER2/neu peptide vaccine: from US Military Cancer Institute Clinical
Trials Group Study I-01 and I-02
SO CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
LA English
DT Article
DE vaccine; E75 peptide; preventive; recurrence; pathologic patterns;
immunologic response
ID HER2-POSITIVE BREAST-CANCER; ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY; METASTATIC BREAST;
OVARIAN-CANCER; E75 VACCINE; T-CELLS; HER-2/NEU; IMMUNITY; IMMUNIZATION;
TRASTUZUMAB
AB Background E75, a HER2/neu immunogenic peptide, is expressed in breast cancer (BCa). We have performed clinical trials of E75 + GM-CSF vaccine in disease-free, node-positive and node-negative BCa patients at high recurrence risk and recurrences were noted in both control and vaccine groups. Methods Among the 186 BCa patients enrolled, 177 completed the study. Patients were HLA typed; the HLA-A2(+)/A3(+) patients were vaccinated; HLA-A2(-)/A3(-) patients were followed as controls. Standard clinicopathological factors, immunologic response to the vaccine, and recurrences were collected and assessed.
Results The control group recurrence rate was 14.8 and 8.3% in the vaccinated group (P = 0.17). Comparing the 8 vaccinated recurrences (V-R) to the 88 vaccinated nonrecurrent patients (V-NR), the V-R group had higher nodal stage (>= N2: 75 vs. 5%, P = 0.0001) and higher grade tumors (% grade 3: 88 vs. 31%, P = 0.003). The V-R group did not fail to respond immunologically as noted by equivalent dimer responses and post-DTH responses. Compared to control recurrent patients (C-R), V-R patients trended toward higher-grade tumors and hormone-receptor negativity. C-R patients had 50% bone-only recurrences, compared to V-R patients with no bone-only recurrences (P = 0.05). Lastly, V-R mortality rate was 12.5% compared with 41.7% for the C-R group (P = 0.3).
Conclusions The vaccinated patients who recurred had more aggressive disease compared to V-NR patients. V-R patients had no difference in immune response to the vaccine either in vitro or in vivo. V-R patients, when compared to C-R patients, trended towards more aggressive disease, decreased recurrence rates, decreased mortality, and no bone-only recurrences.
C1 [Benavides, Linda C.; Gates, Jeremy D.; Peoples, George E.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Gen Surg Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
[Amin, Asna; Stojadinovic, Alex] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Gen Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
[Holmes, Jarrod P.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Div Hematol & Med Oncol, Dept Med, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[Carmichael, Mark G.; Hueman, Matthew T.; Storrer, Catherine E.; Jama, Yusuf H.; Ponniah, Sathibalan; Peoples, George E.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Canc Vaccine Dev Program, US Mil Canc Inst, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Mittendorf, Elizabeth A.] UTMD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX USA.
[Craig, Dianna] Windber Med Ctr, Joyce Murtha Breast Care Ctr, Windber, PA USA.
RP Peoples, GE (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Gen Surg Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
EM george.peoples@amedd.army.mil
NR 33
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0340-7004
J9 CANCER IMMUNOL IMMUN
JI Cancer Immunol. Immunother.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 57
IS 12
BP 1817
EP 1825
DI 10.1007/s00262-008-0509-2
PG 9
WC Oncology; Immunology
SC Oncology; Immunology
GA 351GI
UT WOS:000259412300007
PM 18392824
ER
PT J
AU van Dongeren, A
Plant, N
Cohen, A
Roelvink, D
Haller, MC
Catalan, PA
AF van Dongeren, Ap
Plant, Nathaniel
Cohen, Anna
Roelvink, Dano
Haller, Merrick C.
Catalan, Patricio Andres
TI Beach Wizard: Nearshore bathymetry estimation through assimilation of
model computations and remote observations
SO COASTAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Coastal morphology; Data assimilation; Coastal monitoring; Remote
sensing; Delft3D; Morphodynamic models; Beach Wizard; Argus; Video;
Marine radar; Bathymetry
ID VIDEO IMAGERY; CURRENT RETRIEVALS; BAR BEHAVIOR; WAVES; DISSIPATION;
VARIABILITY; PERFORMANCE; PROFILES
AB A data-model assimilation method (called "Beach Wizard") is presented with which the nearshore subtidal bathymetry can be accurately estimated based on video-derived observations of wave roller dissipation and variation of the intertidal shoreline, and/or radar-derived observations of wave celerity. Using many consecutive images, these observed properties are compared with numerical model results, and through a simple, optimal least-squares estimator approach the estimated bathymetry is adjusted gradually for each image in order to improve the fit between model output and observations. The key advantages of the technique are that it is based on multiple sources of information (i.e., different remote sensors and/or data products), depends on only a few free parameters (to which the model results are insensitive), and shows good skill. Herein, the technique is applied to a synthetic case and two sets of field data from sites at Duck, NC (USA) and Egmond (The Netherlands). The method, which may be extended with observations of other properties from other sources than the three described in this paper, can deliver coastal state information (i.e., simultaneous updates of bathymetry, waves, and currents) with high temporal and spatial resolution and can be used in conjunction with or instead of in-situ measured data. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [van Dongeren, Ap; Cohen, Anna; Roelvink, Dano] Deltares, Delft, Netherlands.
[Plant, Nathaniel] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[Roelvink, Dano] Unesco IHE, Delft, Netherlands.
[Haller, Merrick C.; Catalan, Patricio Andres] Oregon State Univ, Sch Civil & Construct Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Catalan, Patricio Andres] UTFSM, Dept Obra Civiles, Valparaiso, Chile.
RP van Dongeren, A (reprint author), Deltares, POB 177, Delft, Netherlands.
EM ap.vandongeren@deltares.nl
RI Catalan, Patricio/B-9790-2009; roelvink, jan adriaan/C-6940-2009;
Haller, Merrick/J-8191-2012;
OI Catalan, Patricio/0000-0002-6567-5776; roelvink, jan
adriaan/0000-0002-5367-0003; Haller, Merrick/0000-0002-8760-4362; Plant,
Nathaniel/0000-0002-5703-5672; Van Dongeren,
Albertus/0000-0002-1982-4777
FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-05-10226]; Rijkswaterstaat [RKZ-1788,
450007226]; Ongoing Research Program; Delft Hydraulics internal
research; ONR [N00014-06-1-0317, 0602435N]; Coastal Imaging Lab, Oregon
State University
FX Ap van Dongeren, Dano Roelvink and Anna Cohen were funded by the Office
of Naval Research under contract N00014-05-10226, by Rijkswaterstaat
under contract RKZ-1788 (number 450007226) building on concurrent
funding in the framework of the 'Voortschrijdend Onderzoeks Programma
VOP' (Ongoing Research Program) and WL Delft Hydraulics internal
research funding. Merrick Haller and Patricio Catalan were funded under
ONR award number N00014-06-1-0317. Nathaniel Plant was supported by ONR
base funding, program element 0602435N. The Argus video technique has
been developed with funds generated by the Coastal Imaging Lab, Oregon
State University. The authors wish to acknowledge Prof. Rob Holman, OSU,
for actively and generously stimulating the collaboration within the
worldwide Argus research group. The authors would also like to thank the
two anonymous reviewers, whose comments have made this paper more
readable.
NR 51
TC 55
Z9 55
U1 2
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-3839
J9 COAST ENG
JI Coast. Eng.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 55
IS 12
BP 1016
EP 1027
DI 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2008.04.011
PG 12
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean
SC Engineering
GA 387EO
UT WOS:000261934700007
ER
PT J
AU Denning, PJ
Gunderson, C
Hayes-Roth, R
AF Denning, Peter J.
Gunderson, Chris
Hayes-Roth, Rick
TI The Profession of IT Evolutionary System Development
SO COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Denning, Peter J.] USN, Cebrowski Inst Informat Innovat & Super, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
[Hayes-Roth, Rick] Hewlett Packard Corp, CTO Software, Mississauga, ON, Canada.
RP Denning, PJ (reprint author), USN, Cebrowski Inst Informat Innovat & Super, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
EM pjd@nps.edu; cgunders@w2cog.org; hayes-roth@nps.edu
NR 7
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA
SN 0001-0782
J9 COMMUN ACM
JI Commun. ACM
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 51
IS 12
BP 29
EP 31
DI 10.1145/1409360.1409371
PG 3
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software
Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA 382ZI
UT WOS:000261643500017
ER
PT J
AU Gong, Q
Ross, IM
Kang, W
Fahroo, F
AF Gong, Qi
Ross, I. Michael
Kang, Wei
Fahroo, Fariba
TI Connections between the covector mapping theorem and convergence of
pseudospectral methods for optimal control
SO COMPUTATIONAL OPTIMIZATION AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Optimal control; Pseudospectral; Nonlinear systems
ID CONSTRAINED OPTIMAL-CONTROL; TRAJECTORY OPTIMIZATION; STATE CONSTRAINTS;
SYSTEMS; APPROXIMATIONS; DISCRETIZATION
AB In recent years, many practical nonlinear optimal control problems have been solved by pseudospectral (PS) methods. In particular, the Legendre PS method offers a Covector Mapping Theorem that blurs the distinction between traditional direct and indirect methods for optimal control. In an effort to better understand the PS approach for solving control problems, we present consistency results for nonlinear optimal control problems with mixed state and control constraints. A set of sufficient conditions is proved under which a solution of the discretized optimal control problem converges to the continuous solution. Convergence of the primal variables does not necessarily imply the convergence of the duals. This leads to a clarification of the Covector Mapping Theorem in its relationship to the convergence properties of PS methods and its connections to constraint qualifications. Conditions for the convergence of the duals are described and illustrated. An application of the ideas to the optimal attitude control of NPSAT1, a highly nonlinear spacecraft, shows that the method performs well for real-world problems.
C1 [Gong, Qi] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
[Ross, I. Michael] USN, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Kang, Wei; Fahroo, Fariba] USN, Dept Appl Math, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Gong, Q (reprint author), Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
EM qi.gong@utsa.edu; imross@nps.edu; wkang@nps.edu; ffahroo@nps.edu
FU NPS, the Secretary of the Air Force,; AFOSR [F1ATA0-60-6-2G002]
FX The research was supported in part by NPS, the Secretary of the Air
Force, and AFOSR under grant number, F1ATA0-60-6-2G002.
NR 56
TC 60
Z9 64
U1 1
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0926-6003
J9 COMPUT OPTIM APPL
JI Comput. Optim. Appl.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 41
IS 3
BP 307
EP 335
DI 10.1007/s10589-007-9102-4
PG 29
WC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied
SC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics
GA 366UZ
UT WOS:000260510200002
ER
PT J
AU McCafferty, E
AF McCafferty, E.
TI Oxide networks, graph theory, and the passivity of Ni-Cr-Mo ternary
alloys
SO CORROSION SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Superalloys; Anodic films; Interfaces; Passive films; Passivity
ID BINARY-ALLOYS; BEHAVIOR; NICKEL; FILMS; ACID; HCL
AB The passivity of Ni-Cr-Mo ternary alloys is considered in terms of a continuous network of -Cr-O-Cr-bridges in the oxide film (which also contains Ni(2+) and Mo(4+) ions), or in terms of a continuous network of -Ni-O-Ni- bridges in the oxide film (which also contains Cr(3+) and Mo(4+) ions). The structure of the oxide is represented by a mathematical graph, and graph theory is used to calculate the connectivity of the oxide. This approach shows that a continuous network of -Cr-O-Cr- bridges occurs when the cation fraction of Cr(3+) ions in the oxide is 0.35 or greater. A continuous network of -Ni-O-Ni- bridges occurs when the cation fraction of Ni(2+) ions in the oxide is 0.55 or greater. Experimental results support the -Cr-O-Cr- model. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP McCafferty, E (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Code 6314,41555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM mccafferty@anvil.nrl.navy.mil
NR 17
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 5
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0010-938X
J9 CORROS SCI
JI Corrosion Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 50
IS 12
BP 3622
EP 3628
DI 10.1016/j.corsci.2008.09.006
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 389BF
UT WOS:000262064200045
ER
PT J
AU Little, BJ
Lee, JS
Ray, RI
AF Little, Brenda J.
Lee, Jason S.
Ray, Richard I.
TI The influence of marine biofilms on corrosion: A concise review
SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Biocorrosion of Materials
CY JUN 14-17, 2007
CL Paris, FRANCE
DE Marine; Microfouling; Passive alloys; Copper alloys; Corrosion; Review
ID SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; MICROBIOLOGICALLY INFLUENCED CORROSION;
STAINLESS-STEEL; OXYGEN REDUCTION; NATURAL SEAWATER; ANODIC PROCESSES;
ENNOBLEMENT; ALLOYS; BEHAVIOR; MECHANISM
AB The following is a concise review of the literature that addresses the impact of marine biofilms on two phenomena-ennoblement of corrosion potential and sulfide derivitization due to sulfate-reducing bacteria. A universally defined mechanism of potential ennoblement has not been established. Extent of ennoblement varies among locations and the extent of ennoblement for a particular material cannot be used to predict an increased likelihood of localized corrosion. There is some controversy as to the susceptibility of low- and medium-grade stainless steels. Carbon steel and copper alloys are susceptible to sulfide derivitization but thermodynamic models cannot predict the susceptibility of these materials. Laboratory experiments designed to provide data on susceptibility to sulfide derivitization have produced conflicting results because of the following: (1) laboratory media can contain anions that inhibit localized corrosion, (2) laboratory media can contain yeast extract that interferes with electrochemical measurements, and (3) deaeration procedures can produce environments that are not conducive for the growth of sulfate-reducing bacteria. In general, alloys that undergo ennoblement are not vulnerable to sulfide derivitization and conversely, alloys that are subject to sulfide derivitization do not become ennobled. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Little, Brenda J.; Lee, Jason S.; Ray, Richard I.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Little, BJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM blittle@nrlssc.navy.mil; jlee@nrlssc.navy.mil; ray@nrlssc.navy.mil
NR 51
TC 67
Z9 70
U1 3
U2 50
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0013-4686
J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA
JI Electrochim. Acta
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 54
IS 1
SI SI
BP 2
EP 7
DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2008.02.071
PG 6
WC Electrochemistry
SC Electrochemistry
GA 369YN
UT WOS:000260729900002
ER
PT J
AU Davie, MG
Cheng, HF
Hopkins, GD
Lebron, CA
Reinhard, M
AF Davie, Matthew G.
Cheng, Hefa
Hopkins, Gary D.
Lebron, Carmen A.
Reinhard, Martin
TI Implementing Heterogeneous Catalytic Dechlorination Technology for
Remediating TCE-Contaminated Groundwater
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BIMETALLIC NANOPARTICLE CATALYSTS; TRICHLOROETHENE HYDRODECHLORINATION;
WATER; PALLADIUM; HYDRODEHALOGENATION; HYDROGENATION; REGENERATION;
KINETICS
AB To transition catalytic reductive dechlorination (CRD) into practice, it is necessary to demonstrate the effectiveness, robustness, and economic competitiveness of CRD-based treatment systems. A CRD system scaled up from previous laboratory studies was tested for remediating groundwater contaminated with 500-1200 mu g L(-1) trichloroethylene (TCE) at Edwards Air Force Base (AFB), California. Groundwater was pumped from a treatment well at 2 gal min(-1), amended with hydrogen to 0.35 mg L(-1) and contacted for 2.3 min with 20 kg eggshell-coated Pd on alumina beads (2% Pd by wt) packed in a fixed-bed reactor, and then returned to the aquifer. Operation was continuous for 23 h followed a 1 h regeneration cycle. After regeneration, TCE removal was 99.8% for 4 to 9 h and then declined to 98.3% due to catalyst deactivation. The observed catalyst deactivation was tentatively attributed to formation of sulfidic compounds; modeling of catalyst deactivation kinetics suggests the presence of sulfidic species equivalent to 2-4 mg L(-1) hydrogen sulfide in the reactor water. Over the more than 100 day demonstration period, TCE concentrations in the treated groundwater were reduced by >99% to an average concentration of 4.1 mu g L(-1). The results demonstrate CRD as a viable treatment alternative technically and economically competitive with activated carbon adsorption and other conventional physicochemical treatment technologies.
C1 [Davie, Matthew G.; Cheng, Hefa; Hopkins, Gary D.; Reinhard, Martin] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Lebron, Carmen A.] USN, Facil Engn Command, Engn Serv Ctr, Port Hueneme, CA 93043 USA.
RP Reinhard, M (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM reinhard@stanford.edu
RI Cheng, Hefa/A-1193-2007
OI Cheng, Hefa/0000-0003-4911-6971
FU Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP); U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency [R-825421, R-815738-01]; National
Science Foundation [CTS-0120978]; Environmental Management Restoration
Branch at Edwards AFB; Environmental Management Office at Edwards AFB;
EPA Region 9; California Department of Toxic Substances Control;
California State Water Resources Control Board; Lahontan Regional Water
Quality Control Board
FX The authors would like to thank the Environmental Security Technology
Certification Program (ESTCP) for the support in completing this field
demonstration project. Additional funding and support were provided by
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under agreements R-825421 and
R-815738-01, the National Science Foundation under agreement
CTS-0120978, and the Environmental Management Restoration Branch at
Edwards AFB. Support from the Environmental Management Office at Edwards
AFB, EPA Region 9, the California Department of Toxic Substances
Control, the California State Water Resources Control Board, and the
Lahontan Regional Water Quality Control Board is also acknowledged.
NR 29
TC 44
Z9 45
U1 3
U2 46
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 42
IS 23
BP 8908
EP 8915
DI 10.1021/es8014919
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 378FS
UT WOS:000261307200051
PM 19192817
ER
PT J
AU Taitt, CR
Malanoski, AP
Lin, BC
Stenger, DA
Ligler, FS
Kusterbeck, AW
Anderson, GP
Harmon, SE
Shriver-Lake, LC
Pollack, SK
Lennon, DM
Lobo-Menendez, F
Wang, Z
Schnur, JM
AF Taitt, Chris R.
Malanoski, Anthony P.
Lin, Baochuan
Stenger, David A.
Ligler, Frances S.
Kusterbeck, Anne W.
Anderson, George P.
Harmon, Sue E.
Shriver-Lake, Lisa C.
Pollack, Steven K.
Lennon, Denise M.
Lobo-Menendez, Fe
Wang, Zheng
Schnur, Joel M.
TI Discrimination between biothreat agents and 'near neighbor' species
using a resequencing array
SO FEMS IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bacillus anthracis; biothreat; Yersinia pestis; Francisella tularensis;
resequencing microarray; single nucleotide polymorphism
ID REAL-TIME PCR; BIOLOGICAL WARFARE AGENTS; PUBLIC-HEALTH MANAGEMENT;
BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; DNA MICROARRAYS; YERSINIA-PESTIS;
FRANCISELLA-TULARENSIS; SEQUENCE CONSERVATION; TOXIN GENES;
IDENTIFICATION
AB Timely identification of biothreat organisms from large numbers of clinical or environmental samples in potential outbreak or attack scenario is critical for effective diagnosis and treatment. This study aims to evaluate the potential of resequencing arrays for this purpose. Albeit suboptimal, this report demonstrated that respiratory pathogen microarray version 1 can identify Bacillus anthracis, Francisella tularensis, Yersinia pestis and distinguish them from benign 'near neighbor' species in a single assay. Additionally, the sequence information can discriminate strains and possibly the sources of the strains. With further development, it is possible to use resequencing microarrays for biothreat surveillance.
C1 [Taitt, Chris R.; Malanoski, Anthony P.; Lin, Baochuan; Stenger, David A.; Ligler, Frances S.; Kusterbeck, Anne W.; Anderson, George P.; Shriver-Lake, Lisa C.; Pollack, Steven K.; Wang, Zheng; Schnur, Joel M.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Harmon, Sue E.] Off AF Surg Gen, Med Modernizat Div, Washington, DC USA.
RP Lin, BC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6900,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM baochuan.lin@nrl.navy.mil; thermus@earthlink.net
RI Malanoski, Anthony/C-7814-2011; Lin, Baochuan/A-8390-2009; Anderson,
George/D-2461-2011
OI Malanoski, Anthony/0000-0001-6192-888X; Lin,
Baochuan/0000-0002-9484-0785; Anderson, George/0000-0001-7545-9893
NR 43
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0928-8244
J9 FEMS IMMUNOL MED MIC
JI FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 54
IS 3
BP 356
EP 364
DI 10.1111/j.1574-695X.2008.00486.x
PG 9
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 374RF
UT WOS:000261060700009
PM 19049648
ER
PT J
AU Eggleston, K
Shen, YC
Lau, J
Schmid, CH
Chan, J
AF Eggleston, Karen
Shen, Yu-Chu
Lau, Joseph
Schmid, Christopher H.
Chan, Jia
TI HOSPITAL OWNERSHIP AND QUALITY OF CARE: WHAT EXPLAIN'S THE DIFFERENT
RESULTS IN THE LITERATURE?
SO HEALTH ECONOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE ownership; quality; hospitals; meta-analysis; nonprofit
ID FOR-PROFIT HOSPITALS; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; SOFT BUDGET
CONSTRAINT; MORTALITY-RATES; HEALTH-CARE; MEDICARE BENEFICIARIES;
CAROTID-ENDARTERECTOMY; UNITED-STATES; METAANALYSIS; NONPROFIT
AB This systematic review examines what factors explain the diversity of findings regarding hospital ownership and quality. We identified 31 observational studies written in English since 1990 that used multivariate analysis to examine quality of care at nonfederal general acute, short-stay US hospitals. We find that pooled estimates of ownership effects are sensitive to the subset Of studies included and the extent of overlap among hospitals analyzed in the underlying studies. Ownership does appear to be systematically related to differences in quality among hospitals in several contexts. Whether Studies find for-profit and government-controlled hospitals to have higher mortality rates or rates of adverse events than their nonprofit counterparts depends oil data sources, time period, and region covered. Policymakers should be aware Of the underlying reasons for conflicting evidence in this literature, and the strengths and weaknesses of meta-analytic synthesis. The 'true' effect of ownership appears to depend on institutional context, including differences across regions, markets, and over time. Copyright (C) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Eggleston, Karen] Stanford Univ, Walter H Shorenstein Asia Pacific Res Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Shen, Yu-Chu] USN, Postgrad Sch, Natl Bur Econ Res, Monterey, CA USA.
[Shen, Yu-Chu] USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA USA.
[Lau, Joseph; Schmid, Christopher H.] Tufts Univ New England Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Boston, MA USA.
[Chan, Jia] Stanford Univ, FSI, CHP PCOR Res Staff, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Eggleston, K (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Walter H Shorenstein Asia Pacific Res Ctr, 616 Serra,Encina Hall E301, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM karene@stanford.edu
OI Schmid, Christopher/0000-0002-0855-5313
FU Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Changes in Health Care Financing and
Organization (HCFO) [050953]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge funding for this research from grant
#050953 under the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Changes in Health
Care Financing and Organization (HCFO) Initiative. We thank Mantian Hu,
Ania Aksan, and Pam Kum for excellent research assistance, and two
anonymous referees for constructive criticism. We also thank Drs Dena
Bravata, Ingram Olkin, and our expert panel members for providing
valuable comments: Drs Kathleen Carey, Shin-Yi Chou, Leemore Dafny, Guy
David, Mark Duggan, Darrel Gaskin, Martin Gaynor, Michael McCue, Jack
Needleman, Michael Rosko, Joanne Spetz, Robert Town, and Kevin Volpp.
The authors have no competing interests.
NR 66
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U1 2
U2 16
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 1057-9230
J9 HEALTH ECON
JI Health Econ.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 17
IS 12
BP 1345
EP 1362
DI 10.1002/hec.1333
PG 18
WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services
SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services
GA 382WE
UT WOS:000261635300003
PM 18186547
ER
PT J
AU Auburn, S
Diakite, M
Fry, AE
Ghansah, A
Campino, S
Richardson, A
Jallow, M
Sisay-Joof, F
Pinder, M
Griffiths, MJ
Peshu, N
Williams, TN
Marsh, K
Molyneux, ME
Taylor, TE
Koram, KA
Oduro, AR
Rogers, WO
Rockett, KA
Haldar, K
Kwiatkowski, DP
AF Auburn, Sarah
Diakite, Mahamadou
Fry, Andrew E.
Ghansah, Anita
Campino, Susana
Richardson, Anna
Jallow, Muminatou
Sisay-Joof, Fatou
Pinder, Margaret
Griffiths, Michael J.
Peshu, Norbert
Williams, Thomas N.
Marsh, Kevin
Molyneux, Malcolm E.
Taylor, Terrie E.
Koram, Kwadwo A.
Oduro, Abraham R.
Rogers, William O.
Rockett, Kirk A.
Haldar, Kasturi
Kwiatkowski, Dominic P.
TI Association of the GNAS locus with severe malaria
SO HUMAN GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; INFECTION; PROTEINS; AMPLIFICATION; CHOLESTEROL;
LINKAGE; GENE; CELL
AB Functional studies have demonstrated an interaction between the stimulatory G protein alpha subunit (G-alpha-s) and the malaria parasite at a cellular level. Obstruction of signal transduction via the erythrocyte G-alpha-s subunit reduced invasion by Plasmodium falciparum parasites. We sought to determine whether this signal pathway had an impact at the disease level by testing polymorphisms in the gene encoding G-alpha-s (GNAS) for association with severe malaria in a large multi-centre study encompassing family and case-control studies from The Gambia, Kenya and Malawi, and a case-control study from Ghana. We gained power to detect association using meta-analysis across the seven studies, with an overall sample size approximating 4,000 cases and 4,000 controls. Out of 12 SNPs investigated in the 19 kb GNAS region, four presented signals of association (P < 0.05) with severe malaria. The strongest single-locus association demonstrated an odds ratio of 1.13 (1.05-1.21), P = 0.001. Three of the loci presenting significant associations were clustered at the 5-prime end of the GNAS gene. Accordingly, haplotypes constructed from these loci demonstrated significant associations with severe malaria [OR = 0.88 (0.81-0.96), P = 0.005 and OR = 1.12 (1.03-1.20), P = 0.005]. The evidence presented here indicates that the influence of G-alpha-s on erythrocyte invasion efficacy may, indeed, alter individual susceptibility to disease.
C1 [Auburn, Sarah; Campino, Susana; Kwiatkowski, Dominic P.] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England.
[Auburn, Sarah; Diakite, Mahamadou; Fry, Andrew E.; Ghansah, Anita; Campino, Susana; Richardson, Anna; Rockett, Kirk A.; Kwiatkowski, Dominic P.] Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford OX3 7BN, England.
[Ghansah, Anita; Koram, Kwadwo A.] Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
[Jallow, Muminatou; Sisay-Joof, Fatou; Pinder, Margaret] MRC, Banjul, Gambia.
[Griffiths, Michael J.; Peshu, Norbert; Williams, Thomas N.; Marsh, Kevin] Ctr Geog Med Res Coast, Kenya Med Res Inst, Kilifi, Kenya.
[Williams, Thomas N.; Marsh, Kevin] John Radcliffe Hosp, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford OX3 9DS, England.
[Molyneux, Malcolm E.] Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Programme Clin Tr, Blantyre, Malawi.
[Taylor, Terrie E.] Coll Med, Blantyre Malaria Project, Blantyre, Malawi.
[Molyneux, Malcolm E.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England.
[Taylor, Terrie E.] Michigan State Univ, Coll Osteopath Med, Dept Internal Med, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Oduro, Abraham R.] Navrongo Hlth Res Ctr, Navrongo, Ghana.
[Rogers, William O.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Malaria Program, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Haldar, Kasturi] Northwestern Univ, Dept Pathol, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
[Haldar, Kasturi] Northwestern Univ, Dept Immunol Microbiol, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
RP Auburn, S (reprint author), Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England.
EM sa3@sanger.ac.uk
RI Haldar, Kasturi/C-6685-2014;
OI Auburn, Sarah/0000-0002-4638-536X; Kwiatkowski,
Dominic/0000-0002-5023-0176
FU Medical Research council, UK; International Atomic Energy Agency;
Wellcome Trust Training Fellowships; Marie-Curie IntraEuropean
Fellowship; Professor Dominic Kwiatkowski and a National Institute of
Health
FX We wish to thank Dr. Taane Clark, Dr. YY Teo and Dr. Andrew Morris for
their statistical advice. SA was supported by a PhD studentship from the
Medical Research council, UK. MD was supported by a training fellowship
from the International Atomic Energy Agency. AEF and MJG were funded by
Wellcome Trust Training Fellowships. SC was funded by a Marie-Curie
IntraEuropean Fellowship (FP6). TNW and KM were funded by a Wellcome
Trust grant. The genetic component of this research was funded by a
Medical Research Council (UK) grant to Professor Dominic Kwiatkowski and
a National Institute of Health (USA) grant to Professor Kasturi Haldar.
This study is part of the European Union Network of Excellence on the
biology of malaria parasites. This manuscript is published with the
permission of the director of the Kenya Medical Research Institute.
NR 23
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U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0340-6717
EI 1432-1203
J9 HUM GENET
JI Hum. Genet.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 124
IS 5
BP 499
EP 506
DI 10.1007/s00439-008-0575-8
PG 8
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 376JC
UT WOS:000261178900007
PM 18951142
ER
PT J
AU Drusinsky, D
Michael, JB
Shing, MT
AF Drusinsky, Doron
Michael, James Bret
Shing, Man-Tak
TI A Visual Tradeoff Space for Formal Verification and Validation
Techniques
SO IEEE SYSTEMS JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Assertion checkers; formal methods; model checking; software
verification and validation
AB Numerous techniques exist for conducting computer-assisted formal verification and validation. The cost associated with these techniques varies, depending on factors such as ease of use, the effort required to construct correct requirement specifications for complex real-world properties, and the effort associated with instrumentation of the software under test. Likewise, existing techniques differ in their ability to effectively cover the system under test and its associated requirements. To aid software engineers in selecting the appropriate technique for the formal verification or validation task at hand, we introduce a three-dimensional tradeoff space encompassing both cost and coverage.
C1 [Drusinsky, Doron; Shing, Man-Tak] USN, Dept Comp Sci, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Michael, James Bret] USN, Dept Comp Sci & Elect & Comp Engn, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Drusinsky, D (reprint author), USN, Dept Comp Sci, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM ddrusin@nps.edu; bmichael@nps.edu; shing@nps.edu
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNG07LD01I]
FX This work was supported in part by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration under Grant NNG07LD01I. The views and conclusions in this
paper are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as
necessarily representing the official policies or endorsements, either
expressed or implied, of the U. S. Government.
NR 52
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U1 0
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1932-8184
EI 1937-9234
J9 IEEE SYST J
JI IEEE Syst. J.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 2
IS 4
BP 513
EP 519
DI 10.1109/JSYST.2008.2009190
PG 7
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science; Telecommunications
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science;
Telecommunications
GA V10NF
UT WOS:000207470000007
ER
PT J
AU Lian, JM
Lee, Y
Zak, SH
AF Lian, Jianming
Lee, Yonggon
Zak, Stanislaw H.
TI Variable Neural Direct Adaptive Robust Control of Uncertain Systems
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE Direct adaptive robust control; radial basis function (RBF); variable
structure neural network
ID OUTPUT-FEEDBACK CONTROL; NONLINEAR-SYSTEMS; NETWORKS; APPROXIMATION
AB Direct adaptive robust state and output feedback controllers are proposed for the output tracking control of a class of uncertain systems. The proposed controllers incorporate a variable structure radial basis function (RBF) network to approximate unknown system dynamics, where the RBF network can determine its structure on-line dynamically. Radial basis functions can be added or removed to ensure the desired tracking accuracy and to prevent the network redundancy simultaneously. The closed-loop systems driven by the direct adaptive robust controllers are characterized by the guaranteed transient and steady-state tracking performance. The performance of the proposed output feedback controller is illustrated with numerical simulations.
C1 [Lian, Jianming; Zak, Stanislaw H.] Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Lee, Yonggon] USN Acad, Weap & Syst Engn Dept, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Lian, JM (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM jlian@purdue.edu; ylee@usna.edu; zak@purdue.edu
RI Lian, Jianming/G-5735-2011
OI Lian, Jianming/0000-0003-1270-5350
NR 16
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U1 0
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9286
J9 IEEE T AUTOMAT CONTR
JI IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 53
IS 11
BP 2658
EP 2664
DI 10.1109/TAC.2008.2007149
PG 7
WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering
GA 385GB
UT WOS:000261801600018
ER
PT J
AU Cavrois, VF
Pouget, V
McMorrow, D
Schwank, JR
Fel, N
Essely, F
Flores, RS
Palliet, P
Gaillardin, M
Kobayashi, D
Melinger, JS
Duhamel, O
Dodd, PE
Shaneyfelt, MR
AF Cavrois, V. Ferlet
Pouget, V.
McMorrow, D.
Schwank, J. R.
Fel, N.
Essely, F.
Flores, R. S.
Palliet, P.
Gaillardin, M.
Kobayashi, D.
Melinger, J. S.
Duhamel, O.
Dodd, P. E.
Shaneyfelt, M. R.
TI Investigation of the Propagation Induced Pulse Broadening (PIPB) Effect
on Single Event Transients in SOI and Bulk Inverter Chains
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Chains of inverters; heavy ions; propagation induced pulse broadening;
pulsed laser; single event transients
ID SILICON-ON-INSULATOR; SOFT ERROR RATE; SET CHARACTERIZATION; CMOS
TECHNOLOGIES; HEAVY-ION; LASER; WIDTHS; TRANSISTORS; DEPENDENCE;
LIFETIME
AB The propagation of single event transients (SET) is measured and modeled in SOI and bulk inverter chains. The propagation-induced pulse broadening (PIPB) effect is shown to determine the SET pulse width measured at the output of long chains of inverters after irradiation. Initially, narrow transients, less than 200 ps at the struck inverter, are progressively broadened into the nanosecond range. PIPB is induced by dynamic floating body effects (also called history effects) in SOI and bulk transistors, which depend on the bias state of the transistors before irradiation. Implications for SET hardness assurance, circuit modelling and hardening are discussed. Floating body and PIPB effects are usually not taken into account in circuit models, which can lead to large underestimation of SET sensitivity when using simulation techniques like fault injection in complex circuits.
C1 [Cavrois, V. Ferlet; Fel, N.; Palliet, P.; Gaillardin, M.; Dodd, P. E.] DIF, DAM, CEA, Commissariat Energie Atom, F-91297 Arpajon, France.
[Pouget, V.; Essely, F.] Univ Bordeaux 1, IMS Lab, CNRS, UMR 5218, F-33405 Talence, France.
[McMorrow, D.; Melinger, J. S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Schwank, J. R.; Flores, R. S.; Dodd, P. E.; Shaneyfelt, M. R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Kobayashi, D.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan.
RP Cavrois, VF (reprint author), DIF, DAM, CEA, Commissariat Energie Atom, F-91297 Arpajon, France.
FU French Ministry of Defence (MOD/DGA); Defense Threat Reduction Agency;
U. S. Department of Energy; [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX The part of the work performed at the Commissariat a l'Energie Atoinique
(CEA/DIF) was supported by the French Ministry of Defence (MOD/DGA). The
part of this work performed at the Naval Research Laboratory and a part
of the work performed at Sandia National Laboratories was supported by
the Defense Threat Reduction Agency. Part of the work performed at
Sandia National Laboratories was also supported by the U. S. Department
of Energy. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia
Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the U. S. Department of
Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract
DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 37
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U1 0
U2 9
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 55
IS 6
BP 2842
EP 2853
DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.2007724
PG 12
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 398DS
UT WOS:000262713400004
ER
PT J
AU Gouker, P
Brandt, J
Wyatt, P
Tyrrell, B
Soares, A
Knecht, J
Keast, C
McMorrow, D
Narasimham, B
Gadlage, M
Bhuva, B
AF Gouker, Pascale
Brandt, Jim
Wyatt, Peter
Tyrrell, Brian
Soares, Anthony
Knecht, Jeffrey
Keast, Craig
McMorrow, Dale
Narasimham, BalaJi
Gadlage, Matthew
Bhuva, Bharat
TI Generation and Propagation of Single Event Transients in 0.18-mu m Fully
Depleted SOI
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Floating body; fully depleted silicon-on-insulator; heavy ions; laser
irradiation; single-event transients
ID LASER; DESIGN; CHARGE
AB Single event transients were characterized experimentally in fast logic circuits fabricated in 0.18-mu m FDSOI CMOS process using laser-probing techniques. We show that the transient pulse widens as it propagates; the widening is largely eliminated by the body contact. Good agreement is observed between pulsed-laser and heavy ion testing.
C1 [Gouker, Pascale; Brandt, Jim; Wyatt, Peter; Tyrrell, Brian; Soares, Anthony; Knecht, Jeffrey; Keast, Craig] MIT, Lincoln Lab, Adv Silicon Technol Grp, Lexington, MA 02420 USA.
[McMorrow, Dale] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Narasimham, BalaJi; Gadlage, Matthew; Bhuva, Bharat] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
RP Gouker, P (reprint author), MIT, Lincoln Lab, Adv Silicon Technol Grp, Lexington, MA 02420 USA.
EM pgouker@ll.mit.edu
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [FA8721-05-C-0002]
FX This work was sponsored by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency under Air
Force Contract # FA8721-05-C-0002. Opinions, interpretations,
conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and are not
necessarily endorsed by the United States Government.
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U1 0
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 55
IS 6
BP 2854
EP 2860
DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.2007953
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 398DS
UT WOS:000262713400005
ER
PT J
AU Kobayashi, D
Hirose, K
Yanagawa, Y
Ikeda, H
Saito, H
Ferlet-Cavrois, V
McMorrow, D
Gaillardin, M
Paillet, P
Arai, Y
Ohno, M
AF Kobayashi, Daisuke
Hirose, Kazuyuki
Yanagawa, Yoshimitsu
Ikeda, Hirokazu
Saito, Hirobumi
Ferlet-Cavrois, Veronique
McMorrow, Dale
Gaillardin, Marc
Paillet, Philippe
Arai, Yasuo
Ohno, Morifumi
TI Waveform Observation of Digital Single-Event Transients Employing
Monitoring Transistor Technique
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Integrated circuit radiation effects; pulsed laser irradiation;
semiconductor device radiation effects; single event transients (SETS);
soft errors; waveform observations
ID LOGIC CELLS; HEAVY-ION; SOI; TECHNOLOGY; CHARGE; CIRCUITS; CURRENTS;
MOSFET; PULSEWIDTHS; PROPAGATION
AB Waveforms of digital single-event transients, radiation-induced voltage transients in logic gates, can be observed by connecting two transistors to a target logic gate. Additional transistors monitor voltage transients through their drain currents, which can be measured using the conventional 50-Omega transmission-line technique widely used for measuring transient currents in single elementary transistors. Experimental results obtained in pulsed-laser irradiation tests demonstrate the validity of the observation technique and clearly reveal the pulse evolution as a function of the laser pulse energy.
C1 [Kobayashi, Daisuke; Hirose, Kazuyuki; Ikeda, Hirokazu; Saito, Hirobumi] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan.
[Kobayashi, Daisuke; Hirose, Kazuyuki; Ikeda, Hirokazu] Grad Univ Adv Studies, Sch Phys Sci, Dept Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan.
[Yanagawa, Yoshimitsu; Saito, Hirobumi] Univ Tokyo, Sch Engn, Dept Elect Engn, Tokyo 1138656, Japan.
[Ferlet-Cavrois, Veronique; Gaillardin, Marc; Paillet, Philippe] CEA, DIF, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France.
[McMorrow, Dale] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Arai, Yasuo] High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan.
[Arai, Yasuo] Grad Univ Adv Studies, Sch High Energy Accelerator Sci, Dept Particle & Nucl Phys, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan.
[Ohno, Morifumi] OKI Elect Ind Co Ltd, Tokyo 1938550, Japan.
RP Kobayashi, D (reprint author), Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan.
EM d.kobayashi@isas.jaxa.jp; hirose@isas.jaxa.jp; ikeda.hirokazu@jaxa.jp;
kobun@isas.jaxa.jp; veronique.ferlet@cea.fr; mcmorrow@ccs.nrl.navy.mil;
marc.gail-lardin@cea.fr; philippe.paillet@cea.fr; yasuo.arai@kek.jp;
ohno565@oki.com
FU Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
[20760228]
FX This work was supported in part by the Japanese Ministry of Education,
Culture, Sports, Science and Technology under a Grant-in-Aid for Young
Scientists (B): 20760228.
NR 37
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PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9499
EI 1558-1578
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 55
IS 6
BP 2872
EP 2879
DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.2006836
PN 1
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 398DS
UT WOS:000262713400007
ER
PT J
AU Pellish, JA
Reed, RA
McMorrow, D
Melinger, JS
Jenkins, P
Sutton, AK
Diestelhorst, RM
Phillips, SD
Cressler, JD
Pouget, V
Pate, ND
Kozub, JA
Mendenhall, MH
Weller, RA
Schrimpf, RD
Marshall, PW
Tipton, AD
Niu, GF
AF Pellish, Jonathan A.
Reed, Robert A.
McMorrow, Dale
Melinger, Joseph S.
Jenkins, Phillip
Sutton, Akil K.
Diestelhorst, Ryan M.
Phillips, Stanley D.
Cressler, John D.
Pouget, Vincent
Pate, Nicholas D.
Kozub, John A.
Mendenhall, Marcus H.
Weller, Robert A.
Schrimpf, Ronald D.
Marshall, Paul W.
Tipton, Alan D.
Niu, Guofu
TI Laser-Induced Current Transients in Silicon-Germanium HBTs
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Current transient; electrostatic potential modulation; SiGe HBT;
two-photon absorption
ID HETEROJUNCTION BIPOLAR-TRANSISTORS; INDUCED CHARGE COLLECTION;
HEAVY-ION; PULSED-LASER; PROTON IRRADIATION; BICMOS TECHNOLOGY; SHIFT
REGISTERS; SIGE; DEVICES; CIRCUIT
AB Device-level current transients are induced by injecting carriers using two-photon absorption from a subbandgap pulsed laser and recorded using wideband transmission and measurement equipment. These transients exhibit three distinct temporal trends that depend on laser pulse energy as well as the transverse and vertical charge generation location. The nature of the current transient is controlled by both the behavior of the subcollector-substrate junction and isolation biasing. However, substrate potential modulation, due to deformation of the subcollector-substrate depletion region, is the dominant mechanism affecting transient characteristics.
C1 [Pellish, Jonathan A.; Reed, Robert A.; Pate, Nicholas D.; Weller, Robert A.; Schrimpf, Ronald D.; Tipton, Alan D.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37203 USA.
[McMorrow, Dale; Melinger, Joseph S.; Jenkins, Phillip] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Sutton, Akil K.; Diestelhorst, Ryan M.; Phillips, Stanley D.; Cressler, John D.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Pouget, Vincent] Univ Bordeaux, Talence, France.
[Kozub, John A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Free Elect Laser Ctr, Nashville, TN USA.
[Mendenhall, Marcus H.] Vanderbilt Univ, Inst Space & Def Elect, Nashville, TN 37203 USA.
[Marshall, Paul W.] NASA, Brookneal, VA 24528 USA.
[Niu, Guofu] Auburn Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
RP Pellish, JA (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37203 USA.
EM jonathan.pel-lish@ieee.org
RI Pellish, Jonathan/A-8591-2008; Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013
OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701
FU NASA Electronic Parts and Packaging Program; Defense Threat Reduction
Agency Radiation Hardened Microelectronics Program [08-43431]; Georgia
Electronic Design Center at the Georgia Institute of Technology
FX This work was supported in part by the NASA Electronic Parts and
Packaging Program, the Defense Threat Reduction Agency Radiation
Hardened Microelectronics Program under IACRO #08-43431 to NASA, and the
Georgia Electronic Design Center at the Georgia Institute of Technology.
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PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9499
EI 1558-1578
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 55
IS 6
BP 2936
EP 2942
DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.2007954
PN 1
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 398DS
UT WOS:000262713400015
ER
PT J
AU Warner, JH
Inguimbert, C
Twigg, ME
Messenger, SR
Walters, RJ
Romero, MJ
Summers, GR
AF Warner, Jeffrey H.
Inguimbert, Christophe
Twigg, Mark E.
Messenger, Scott R.
Walters, Robert J.
Romero, Manuel J.
Summers, Geoffrey R.
TI Effect of Proton and Silicon Ion Irradiation on Defect Formation in GaAs
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Defect formation; disordered regions; displacement damage; EBIC; GaAs;
heavy ion; irradiation; NIEL; recoil spectrum; recombination centers;
TEM
ID LATENT TRACK FORMATION; INDUCED DISPLACEMENT DAMAGE; SI-IMPLANTED GAAS;
40 MEV FULLERENES; RADIATION-DAMAGE; HEAVY-IONS; ENERGY-DEPENDENCE;
NIEL; ELECTRON; SEMICONDUCTORS
AB Electrical and structural changes in GaAs are monitored using electron beam induced current (EBIC) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements after irradiation by protons and silicon ions. It has been determined that higher energy protons (E >= 10 MeV) and silicon ions disordered regions that are electrically and structurally different than those produced by lower energy protons. The data suggest that these disordered regions are responsible for causing the deviations between experimental data and NIEL. From analyses of the recoil spectra, high energy recoils appear to be responsible for the formation of these disordered regions.
C1 [Warner, Jeffrey H.; Twigg, Mark E.; Messenger, Scott R.; Walters, Robert J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Warner, Jeffrey H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Inguimbert, Christophe] ONERA DESP, F-31005 Toulouse, France.
[Romero, Manuel J.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Summers, Geoffrey R.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21253 USA.
RP Warner, JH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM Jeffrey.Warner@nrl.navy.mil; inguimbert@onecert.fr;
Manuel_Rornero@nrel.gov; gsummers@umbc.edu
NR 40
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 12
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 55
IS 6
BP 3016
EP 3024
DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.2006266
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 398DS
UT WOS:000262713400027
ER
PT J
AU Batyrev, IG
Hughart, D
Durand, R
Bounasser, M
Tuttle, BR
Fleetwood, DM
Schrimpf, RD
Rashkeev, SN
Dunham, GW
Law, ME
Pantelides, ST
AF Batyrev, I. G.
Hughart, D.
Durand, R.
Bounasser, M.
Tuttle, B. R.
Fleetwood, D. M.
Schrimpf, R. D.
Rashkeev, S. N.
Dunham, G. W.
Law, M. E.
Pantelides, S. T.
TI Effects of Hydrogen on the Radiation Response of Bipolar Transistors:
Experiment and Modeling
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrogen soak; oxygen vacancy; radiation; simulations
ID INTERFACE TRAPS; BORDER TRAPS; MECHANISMS; DEVICES; SIO2; OXIDES
AB Reactions of H(2) in lateral, PNP BJTs are investigated through experiments and simulations. Pre-irradiation hydrogen exposure makes the devices more sensitive to ionizing radiation, which is explained through first-principles calculations and numerical simulations. Mechanisms for the cracking of hydrogen molecules and proton generation are proposed. We also suggest a mechanism of formation of border traps. When protons are trapped by oxygen vacancies right at or very near the interface, they form electrically active defects near the middle of the band gap. Activation energies of the reaction are used to construct rate equations. The rate equations are solved numerically to determine the spatial and temporal concentrations of hydrogen, holes, and protons. The calculated concentrations of interface and border traps agree well with the experimental results and help to explain the role of hydrogen in determining the total-dose response of BJTs.
C1 [Batyrev, I. G.; Pantelides, S. T.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Hughart, D.; Durand, R.; Bounasser, M.; Fleetwood, D. M.; Schrimpf, R. D.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Rashkeev, S. N.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Dunham, G. W.] NAVSEA Crane, Crane, IN 47522 USA.
[Law, M. E.] Univ Florida, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Batyrev, IG (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
EM i.batyrev@vanderbilt.edu; david.r.hughart@vander-bilt.edu;
brt10@psu.edu; dan.fleetwood@vanderbilt.edu;
ron.schrimpf@vanderbilt.edu; sergey.rashkeev@inl.gov;
gary.dunham@navy.mil; law@tec.ufl.edu; pantelides@vanderbilt.edu
RI Schrimpf, Ronald/L-5549-2013
OI Schrimpf, Ronald/0000-0001-7419-2701
FU AFOSR MURI [FA9550-05-1-0306]; U.S. Navy; McMinn Endowment at Vanderbilt
University
FX Manuscript received July 11, 2008; revised September 12, 2008. Current
version published December 31, 2008. This work was supported in pan by
AFOSR MURI Grant (FA9550-05-1-0306), the U.S. Navy, and the McMinn
Endowment at Vanderbilt University.
NR 28
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 12
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 55
IS 6
BP 3039
EP 3045
DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.2009353
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 398DS
UT WOS:000262713400030
ER
PT J
AU Nation, SA
Massengill, LW
McMorrow, D
Evans, L
Straatveit, A
AF Nation, S. A.
Massengill, L. W.
McMorrow, D.
Evans, L.
Straatveit, A.
TI Laser Dose-Rate Simulation to Complement LINAC Discrete Device Data
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Discrete devices; dose-rate; laser application
ID SEMICONDUCTOR-DEVICES; INTEGRATED-CIRCUITS; IONIZING-RADIATION; PULSED
LASER; TRANSIENT; ADEQUACY
AB Laser-induced dose-rate measurements prove useful for extending the range of LINAC data for statistical analysis and for model creation and validation. Results suggest the ability to generate LINAC-equivalent data for dose-rate model development with minimal LINAC correlation. Highly reliable and repeatable data can be produced through the use of a dedicated laser test bench.
C1 [Nation, S. A.; Massengill, L. W.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Radiat Effects Grp, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[McMorrow, D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Evans, L.] NAVSEA Crane, Crane, IN 47522 USA.
[Straatveit, A.] Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA.
RP Nation, SA (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Radiat Effects Grp, VU Stn B 351683, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
EM sarah.na-tion@vanderbilt.edu; mcmorrow@ccs.nrl.navy.mil
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency
FX Manuscript received July 11, 2008; revised September 05, 2008. Current
version published December 31. 2008. The NRL portion of this work is
sponsored in part by Defense Threat Reduction Agency.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 55
IS 6
BP 3114
EP 3121
DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.2006969
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 398DS
UT WOS:000262713400040
ER
PT J
AU Amusan, OA
Fleming, PR
Bhuva, BL
Massengill, LW
Witulski, AF
Balasubramanian, A
Casey, MC
McMorrow, D
Nation, SA
Barsun, F
Melinger, JS
Gadlage, MJ
Loveless, TD
AF Amusan, Oluwole A.
Fleming, Patrick R.
Bhuva, Bharat L.
Massengill, Lloyd W.
Witulski, Arthur F.
Balasubramanian, Anupama
Casey, Megan C.
McMorrow, Dale
Nation, Sarah A.
Barsun, Frederick
Melinger, Joseph S.
Gadlage, Matthew J.
Loveless, Thomas Daniel
TI Laser Verification of On-Chip Charge-Collection Measurement Circuit
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Charge collection; n(+) diode; NMOS; n-well potential collapse; p(+)
diode; parasitic bipolar transistor; PMOS; single event characterization
ID NM CMOS TECHNOLOGY; 2-PHOTON ABSORPTION; SINGLE; DESIGN; WELL
AB An on-chip charge-collection measurement circuit has been designed and fabricated in a 130 nm bulk CMOS process. Laser testing is used to verify the effectiveness of the on-chip charge-collection circuit technique for characterizing single event charge collection in advanced technologies. The on-chip charge-collection measurement circuit is used as an investigative tool for examining the effects of parasitic bipolar amplification for deep-submicron PMOS devices.
C1 [Amusan, Oluwole A.; Fleming, Patrick R.; Bhuva, Bharat L.; Massengill, Lloyd W.; Balasubramanian, Anupama; Casey, Megan C.; Nation, Sarah A.; Gadlage, Matthew J.; Loveless, Thomas Daniel] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Witulski, Arthur F.] Vanderbilt Univ, Inst Space & Def Elect, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[McMorrow, Dale; Melinger, Joseph S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Barsun, Frederick] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr NSWC Crane, Crane Div, Crane, IN 47522 USA.
RP Amusan, OA (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
EM oluwole.a.amusan@vanderbilt.edu; patrick.f.fleming@vanderbilt.edu;
Bhuva@eecsmail.vuse.vanderbilt.edu; lloyd.massengill@vanderbilt.edu;
arthur.witulski@vander-bilt.edu; anupama.balasubramanian@vanderbilt.edu;
megan.c.casey@vanderbilt.edu; mcmorrow@ccs.nrl.navy.mil;
sarah.nation@vanderbilt.edu; fred.barsun@navy.mil;
jsmelinger@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; matthew.j.gad-lage@vanderbilt.edu;
daniel.loveless@vanderbilt.edu
RI Loveless, Thomas/G-9420-2011; Loveless, Thomas/C-7132-2016
FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)/Boeing Radiation
Hardened by Design (RHBD) Program; Defense Threat Reduction Agency
(DTRA)
FX This work was supported in part by the Defense Advanced Research
Projects Agency (DARPA)/Boeing Radiation Hardened by Design (RHBD)
Program and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) Radiation
Hardened Microelectronics Program.
NR 21
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 55
IS 6
BP 3309
EP 3313
DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.2007123
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 398DS
UT WOS:000262713400069
ER
PT J
AU Buchner, S
McMorrow, D
Roche, N
Dusseau, L
Pease, RL
AF Buchner, Stephen
McMorrow, Dale
Roche, Nicholas
Dusseau, Laurent
Pease, Ron L.
TI The Effects of Low Dose-Rate Ionizing Radiation on the Shapes of
Transients in the LM124 Operational Amplifier
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Single event transients; total dose effects
ID CIRCUIT
AB Shapes of single event transients (SETs) in a linear bipolar circuit (LM124) change with exposure to total ionizing dose (TID) radiation. SETs shape changes are a direct consequence of TID-induced degradation of bipolar transistor gain. A reduction in transistor gain causes a reduction in the drive current of the current sources in the circuit, and it is the lower drive current that most affects the shapes of large amplitude SETs.
C1 [Buchner, Stephen] QSS PSGS, Seabrook, MD 20706 USA.
[McMorrow, Dale] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Roche, Nicholas; Dusseau, Laurent] Univ Montpellier 2, F-34095 Montpellier, France.
[Pease, Ron L.] RLP Res, Albuquerque, NM 87031 USA.
RP Buchner, S (reprint author), QSS PSGS, Seabrook, MD 20706 USA.
EM stephen.p.buchner@nasa.gov; mcmorrow@ccs.nrl.navy.mil;
roche@ies.univ-montp2.fr; dusseau@ies.univ-montp2.fr;
lsrlpease@wildblue.net
FU NASA; Defense Threat Reduction Agency
FX This work was supported in part by NASA Electronic Parts and Packaging
Program and by Defense Threat Reduction Agency.
NR 5
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 7
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 55
IS 6
BP 3314
EP 3320
DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.2007952
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 398DS
UT WOS:000262713400070
ER
PT J
AU Casey, MC
Amusan, OA
Nation, SA
Loveless, TD
Balasubramanian, A
Bhuva, BL
Reed, RA
McMorrow, D
Weller, RA
Alles, ML
Massengill, LW
Melinger, JS
Narasimham, B
AF Casey, M. C.
Amusan, O. A.
Nation, S. A.
Loveless, T. D.
Balasubramanian, A.
Bhuva, B. L.
Reed, R. A.
McMorrow, D.
Weller, R. A.
Alles, M. L.
Massengill, L. W.
Melinger, J. S.
Narasimham, B.
TI Single-Event Effects on Combinational Logic Circuits Operating at
Ultra-Low Power
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE CMOS circuits; digital circuits; radiation effects; radiation effects in
ICs; single-event effects; single event transients
ID HIGHER HARMONIC-GENERATION; NM CMOS TECHNOLOGY; RING OSCILLATORS;
ABSORPTION
AB The minimum laser energy required to cause sustained harmonic oscillations in a 201-stage ring oscillator varies little with increasing power supply voltage when operating in the subthreshold region. These small changes in threshold laser energy in the subthreshold region suggest that the cross-section curves as a function of power supply voltage remain relatively constant. Simulations show that the minimum pulsewidth required to generate higher-order oscillations decreases as operating voltage increases. Single-event transients are wider when circuits are operating in the subthreshold region than when operating at the nominal power supply voltages. Narrower single-event transients result for strikes on PMOS transistors as compared to those for strikes on NMOS devices in the subthreshold region; the opposite is observed when circuits are operating at the nominal power supply voltages.
C1 [Casey, M. C.; Amusan, O. A.; Nation, S. A.; Loveless, T. D.; Balasubramanian, A.; Bhuva, B. L.; Reed, R. A.; Weller, R. A.; Alles, M. L.; Massengill, L. W.; Narasimham, B.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37206 USA.
[Nation, S. A.] NAVSEA Crane, Crane, IN 47522 USA.
[McMorrow, D.; Melinger, J. S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Casey, MC (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37206 USA.
EM megan.c.casey@vanderbilt.edu
RI Loveless, Thomas/G-9420-2011; Loveless, Thomas/C-7132-2016
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency Rad-Hard Microelectronics Program;
Defense Advanced Research Project Agency Radiation Hardening by Design
Program
FX This work was supported in part by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency
Rad-Hard Microelectronics Program and the Defense Advanced Research
Project Agency Radiation Hardening by Design Program.
NR 14
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 55
IS 6
BP 3342
EP 3346
DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.2005901
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 398DS
UT WOS:000262713400074
ER
PT J
AU Balasubramanian, A
McMorrow, D
Nation, SA
Bhuva, BL
Reed, RA
Massengill, LW
Loveless, TD
Amusan, OA
Black, JD
Melinger, JS
Baze, MP
Ferlet-Cavrois, V
Gaillardin, M
Schwank, JR
AF Balasubramanian, Anupama
McMorrow, Dale
Nation, Sarah A.
Bhuva, Bharat L.
Reed, Robert A.
Massengill, Lloyd W.
Loveless, Thomas D.
Amusan, Oluwole A.
Black, Jeffrey D.
Melinger, Joseph S.
Baze, Mark P.
Ferlet-Cavrois, Veronique
Gaillardin, Marc
Schwank, James R.
TI Pulsed Laser Single-Event Effects in Highly Scaled CMOS Technologies in
the Presence of Dense Metal Coverage
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS); laser; metal-fill;
single event (SE); single-photon absorption (SPA); two-photon absorption
(TPA)
ID 2-PHOTON ABSORPTION; SEU; VALIDATION
AB Single-photon (SPA) and two-photon laser absorption (TPA) techniques are established as reliable, effective methods to study specific single-event (SE) phenomena in advanced CMOS technologies. However, dense metal-fill in these nanoscale processes can prevent the use of top-side SPA in some cases. This paper demonstrates a novel methodology enabling top-side laser SPA single-event effects (SEEs) measurements in the presence of dense metal-fill for a test circuit fabricated in a commercial 90 nm CMOS process and validates it using unimpeded, through-wafer TPA approach. This is achieved by measuring and comparing the SEU thresholds for the sample circuit using both techniques.
C1 [Balasubramanian, Anupama; Nation, Sarah A.; Bhuva, Bharat L.; Reed, Robert A.; Massengill, Lloyd W.; Loveless, Thomas D.; Amusan, Oluwole A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Radiat Effects Grp, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[McMorrow, Dale; Melinger, Joseph S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Black, Jeffrey D.] Vanderbilt Univ, Inst Space & Def Elect, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Baze, Mark P.] Boeing, Seattle, WA USA.
[Ferlet-Cavrois, Veronique; Gaillardin, Marc] CEA DIF, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France.
[Schwank, James R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
RP Balasubramanian, A (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Radiat Effects Grp, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
EM anuparna.balasubramanian@van-derbilt.edu; mcmorrow@ccs.nrl.navy.mil
RI Loveless, Thomas/G-9420-2011; Loveless, Thomas/C-7132-2016
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency; U. S. Department of Energy; Sandia
Corporation; Lockheed Martin Company; United States Department of
Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000];
French Ministry of Defence (MOD/DGA)
FX This work was supported in part by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency.
The computational portion of this work was conducted through Vanderbilt
University's Advanced Computing Center for Research and Education
(ACCRE). The part of this work performed at the Naval Research
Laboratory and the part performed at Sandia National Laboratories was
supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency. The Sandia effort was
supported in part by the U. S. Department of Energy. Sandia is a
multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed
Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National
Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. The
part of the work performed at the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique
(CEA/DIF) was supported by the French Ministry of Defence (MOD/DGA).
NR 18
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 55
IS 6
BP 3401
EP 3406
DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.2007295
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 398DS
UT WOS:000262713400083
ER
PT J
AU Loveless, TD
Massengill, LW
Bhuva, BL
Holman, WT
Casey, MC
Reed, RA
Nation, SA
McMorrow, D
Melinger, JS
AF Loveless, T. Daniel
Massengill, Lloyd W.
Bhuva, Bharat L.
Holman, W. Timothy
Casey, Megan C.
Reed, Robert A.
Nation, Sarah A.
McMorrow, Dale
Melinger, Joseph S.
TI A Probabilistic Analysis Technique Applied to a
Radiation-Hardened-by-Design Voltage-Controlled Oscillator for
Mixed-Signal Phase-Locked Loops
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Delay-locked loops; phase-locked loops; radiation effects; radiation
hardening; single-event transients; voltage-controlled oscillators
ID SINGLE-EVENT TRANSIENTS; 2-PHOTON ABSORPTION; GENERATION; CIRCUITS;
JITTER
AB A voltage-controlled-oscillator (VCO) circuit has been designed for radiation-hardened-by-design (RHBD) single-event transient (SET) mitigation. The RHBD technique, which can be readily implemented in mixed-signal phase-locked loops and delay-locked loops, is shown to substantially improve the single-event performance of the VCO while decreasing the rms phase jitter due to power supply noise. Additionally, using the probabilistic analysis technique presented, the RHBD VCO shows a maximally improved SET response over that of the conventional VCO, decreasing the output phase displacement to below the nominal phase jitter.
C1 [Loveless, T. Daniel; Massengill, Lloyd W.; Bhuva, Bharat L.; Holman, W. Timothy; Casey, Megan C.; Reed, Robert A.; Nation, Sarah A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[McMorrow, Dale; Melinger, Joseph S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Loveless, TD (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
EM daniel.loveless@vanderbilt.edu; lloyd.massengill@van-derbilt.edu;
bharat.l.bhuva@vanderbilt.edu; tim.holman@vanderbilt.edu;
megan.c.casey@vanderbilt.edu; robert.reed@vanderbilt.edu;
sarah.na-tion@vanderbilt.edu; mcmorrow@ccs.nrl.navy.mil;
melinger@ccs.nrl.navy.mil
RI Loveless, Thomas/G-9420-2011; Loveless, Thomas/C-7132-2016
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency Rad-Hard Microelectronics Program
FX This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency Rad-Hard
Microelectronics Program.
NR 25
TC 14
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 6
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 55
IS 6
BP 3447
EP 3455
DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.2005677
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 398DS
UT WOS:000262713400090
ER
PT J
AU Harris, RD
Imaizumi, M
Walters, RJ
Lorentzen, JR
Messenger, SR
Tischler, JG
Ohshima, T
Sato, S
Sharps, PR
Fatemi, NS
AF Harris, R. D.
Imaizumi, M.
Walters, R. J.
Lorentzen, J. R.
Messenger, S. R.
Tischler, J. G.
Ohshima, T.
Sato, S.
Sharps, P. R.
Fatemi, N. S.
TI In Situ Irradiation and Measurement of Triple Junction Solar Cells at
Low Intensity, Low Temperature (LILT) Conditions
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE LILT; quantum efficiency; radiation damage; space solar cells; triple
junction solar cells
AB The performance of triple junction InGaP/(In)GaAs/Ge space solar cells was studied following high energy electron irradiation at low temperature. Cell characterization was carried out in situ at the irradiation temperature while using low intensity illumination, and, as such, these conditions reflect those found for deep space, solar powered missions that are far from the sun. Cell characterization consisted of I-V measurements and quantum efficiency measurements. The low temperature irradiations caused substantial degradation that differs in some ways from that seen after room temperature irradiations. The short circuit current degrades more at low temperature while the open circuit voltage degrades more at room temperature. A room temperature anneal after the low temperature irradiation produced a substantial recovery in the degradation. Following irradiation at both temperatures and an extended room temperature anneal, quantum efficiency measurement suggests that the bulk of the remaining damage is in the (In)GaAs sub-cell.
C1 [Harris, R. D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Imaizumi, M.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Walters, R. J.; Lorentzen, J. R.; Messenger, S. R.; Tischler, J. G.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Ohshima, T.] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Takasaki, Gumma 3701292, Japan.
[Sharps, P. R.; Fatemi, N. S.] Emcore Photovolta, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
RP Harris, RD (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM richard.d.harris@jpl.nasa.gov; imaizumi.mitsuru@jaxa.jp;
robert.walters@nrl.navy.mil; justin.lorentzen@nrl.navy.mil;
scott.mes-senger@nrl.navy.mil; tischler@nrl.navy.mil;
ohshima.takeshi20@jaea.go.jp; sato.shinichiro@jaea.go.jp;
paul_sharps@emcore.com; navid_fatemi@emcore.com
FU Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
FX This work was supported in part by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
NR 8
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 55
IS 6
BP 3502
EP 3507
DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.2006971
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 398DS
UT WOS:000262713400097
ER
PT J
AU Schneidewind, N
AF Schneidewind, Norman
TI Comparison of Reliability and Testing Models
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RELIABILITY
LA English
DT Article
DE Model comparison; software reliability; software testing
ID SAFETY-CRITICAL SOFTWARE
AB We were curious about how well various reliability and testing models would compare with respect to prediction accuracy and testing effectiveness. Therefore, we conducted several experiments to evaluate these properties for the following models: fault tree analysis, geometric and binomial statistical models; and reliability growth models: Yamada S Shape Model, Schneidewind Single Parameter Model, and Schneidewind Software Reliability Model. We developed modified versions of the geometric and binomial models that comprise a new contribution to the body of software reliability research. The Yamada model provided the best prediction accuracy for one of the Shuttle's failure data sets. Future research would involve evaluating all models against multiple data sets.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Schneidewind, N (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9529
J9 IEEE T RELIAB
JI IEEE Trans. Reliab.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 57
IS 4
BP 607
EP 615
DI 10.1109/TR.2008.2005859
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software
Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA 381OC
UT WOS:000261544800008
ER
PT J
AU Fish, FE
Howle, LE
Murray, MM
AF Fish, Frank E.
Howle, Laurens E.
Murray, Mark M.
TI Hydrodynamic flow control in marine mammals
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
CY JAN 02-06, 2008
CL San Antonio, TX
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
ID SEALS PHOCA-VITULINA; WHALE MEGAPTERA-NOVAEANGLIAE; HUMPBACK WHALE;
ODONTOCETE CETACEANS; SWIMMING KINEMATICS; PERFORMANCE; PROPULSION;
DOLPHIN; DRAG; HYDROMECHANICS
AB Synopsis The ability to control the flow of water around the body dictates the performance of marine mammals ill the aquatic environment. Morphological specializations of marine mammals afford mechanisms for passive flow control. Aside from the design of the body, which minimizes drag, the morphology of the appendages provides hydrodynamic advantages with respect to drag, lift, thrust, and stall. The flukes of cetaceans and sirenians and flippers of pinnipeds possess geometries with flexibility, which enhance thrust production for high efficiency swimming. The pectoral flippers provide hydrodynamic lift for maneuvering. The design of the flippers is constrained by performance associated with stall. Delay of stall call be accomplished passively by modification of the flipper leading edge. Such a design is exhibited by the leading edge tubercles oil the flippers of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae). These novel morphological structures induce a spanwise flow field of separated vortices alternating with regions of accelerated flow. The coupled flow regions maintain areas of attached flow and delay stall to high angles of attack. The delay of stall permits enhanced turning performance with respect to both agility and maneuverability. The morphological features of marine mammals for flow control call be utilized in the biomimetic design of engineered structures for increased power production and increased efficiency.
C1 [Fish, Frank E.] W Chester Univ, Dept Biol, W Chester, PA 19383 USA.
[Howle, Laurens E.] Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Howle, Laurens E.] Duke Univ, Ctr Nonlinear & Complex Syst, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Murray, Mark M.] USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Fish, FE (reprint author), W Chester Univ, Dept Biol, W Chester, PA 19383 USA.
EM ffish@wcupa.edu
NR 104
TC 45
Z9 48
U1 3
U2 40
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
EI 1557-7023
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 48
IS 6
BP 788
EP 800
DI 10.1093/icb/icn029
PG 13
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 398VX
UT WOS:000262760700008
PM 21669832
ER
PT J
AU Wirtz, JJ
AF Wirtz, James J.
TI Nuclear Weapons: What You Need to Know
SO INTERNATIONAL HISTORY REVIEW
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Wirtz, James J.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Wirtz, JJ (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SIMON FRASER UNIV, INT HISTORY REVIEW
PI BURNABY
PA EAA 2015, BURNABY, BC V5A 1S6, CANADA
SN 0707-5332
J9 INT HIST REV
JI Int. Hist. Rev.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 30
IS 4
BP 932
EP 934
PG 3
WC History
SC History
GA 388IC
UT WOS:000262012500074
ER
PT J
AU Nechitailo, NV
Lewis, KB
AF Nechitailo, N. V.
Lewis, K. B.
TI Influence of the critical velocity on deformation of launcher components
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Hypervelocity Impact Symposium (HVIS 2007)
CY SEP 23-27, 2007
CL Williamsburg, VA
DE Rail; Electromagnetic launcher; Bending wave; Group resonance; Buckling
ID HYPERVELOCITY LAUNCHERS; MOVEMENT
AB This paper is related to the dynamics of hypervelocity electromagnetic launchers. A projectile accelerating along launcher rails may cross a range of critical velocities and induce structural resonance. As a result, the rails and other components exhibit increased displacements and stress that may affect launcher performance and lead to premature launcher failure. This work is a continuation of our previous studies of the critical velocity and resulting transient resonance that was performed for a notional hypervelocity launcher [Nechitailo NV, Lewis KB. Critical velocity for rails in hypervelocity launchers. In: Proceedings of the 2005 hypervelocity impact symposium. International Journal of Impact Engineering Dec. 2006: 33: 485-495; Lewis KB, Nechitailo NV. Transient resonance in hypervelocity launchers at critical velocities [Selected papers from the 13th Electromagnetic Launch Technology (EML) Symposium, Potsdam, Germany, May 22-25, 2006]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics Jan. 2007; 43 (No. 1, Part II): 157162 [1,2]]. Analytical models including Bernoulli-Euler model of a beam resting on an elastic foundation and the Timoshenko and Flugge tube models as well as finite element tools helped to better understand the transient resonant regimes in launcher components and offered insight on how to alter the launching device materials and geometry to reduce the critical-velocity effects. Analysis showed that the various components of a launcher can have different critical velocities and there is a possibility of enhanced group resonance in the assemblies. The resonance in the launcher assembly can be reduced by controlling the bending stiffness of the individual components. Finite element models were used to illustrate the influence of variations in materials of launcher components on the resulting critical velocities, intensity of the group resonance, and resulting maximum displacements and stress. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Nechitailo, N. V.; Lewis, K. B.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA.
RP Nechitailo, NV (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, 6138 Norc Ave,Bldg 221,Suite 313, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA.
EM nicholas.nechitailo@navy.mil
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 8
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0734-743X
J9 INT J IMPACT ENG
JI Int. J. Impact Eng.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 12
BP 1683
EP 1687
DI 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2008.07.052
PG 5
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA 392YQ
UT WOS:000262338500051
ER
PT J
AU Raftenberg, MN
Mock, W
Kirby, GC
AF Raftenberg, M. N.
Mock, W., Jr.
Kirby, G. C.
TI Modeling the impact deformation of rods of a pressed PTFE/Al composite
mixture
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Hypervelocity Impact Symposium (HVIS 2007)
CY SEP 23-27, 2007
CL Williamsburg, VA
DE Polytetrafluoroethylene; PTFE/Al; Split Hopkinson bar; Taylor anvil;
Johnson-Cook strength
AB Finite element simulations have been performed for the impact onto steel anvils of solid rods of a pressed composite mixture of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and aluminum powders. Photographs of the reactive rods prior to significant impact initiation for three previously performed experiments at impact velocities of 104, 222, and 466 m/s have been digitized for comparison with the simulations Simulations. were performed using the Johnson-Cook and PSDam strength models Parameters for the PSDam model. have been previously determined for this PTFE/Al mixture. The results of Instron compression tests and high-rate slit Hopkinson bar experiments were used to determine the parameters for the Johnson-Cook model. The Johnson-Cook model produced reasonable agreement with the experimental specimen shape at 104 m/s. PSDam produced reasonable agreement at early times for the 222 m/s experiment. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Raftenberg, M. N.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA.
[Mock, W., Jr.; Kirby, G. C.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren Div, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA.
RP Raftenberg, MN (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA.
EM mnr@arl.army.mil
NR 11
TC 16
Z9 26
U1 8
U2 34
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0734-743X
J9 INT J IMPACT ENG
JI Int. J. Impact Eng.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 12
BP 1735
EP 1744
DI 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2008.07.041
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA 392YQ
UT WOS:000262338500059
ER
PT J
AU Potvin, G
Dion, D
Claverie, J
Frederickson, PA
Davidson, KL
Forand, JL
AF Potvin, Guy
Dion, Denis
Claverie, Jacques
Frederickson, Paul A.
Davidson, Kenneth L.
Forand, J. Luc
TI An Empirical Analysis of Bulk C-n(2) Models over Water
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID AIR-SEA FLUXES; STRUCTURE PARAMETER; OPTICAL TURBULENCE; SURFACE-LAYER;
OCEAN
AB This article examines some of the difficulties associated with the determination of C-n(2) over water in a coastal region using a bulk model. The analysis shows the need to supplement bulk models with elements that do not belong to traditional Monin-Obukhov surface-layer theory. A reexamination of the scintillation measurements collected during the Electro-Optical Propagation Assessment in a Coastal Environment (EOPACE) campaign leads the authors to include 1) the nonuniformity of sensible heat and humidity fluxes and 2) a deficit of the scintillation that seems to depend only on the characteristic virtual potential temperature. It is suggested that the anomalous scintillation deficit represents an alteration of a characteristic length related to the optical turbulence, likely caused by the interaction of the surface layer with the sea surface. The new parameters are estimated using Bayesian regression methods applied to the EOPACE data. Predictions obtained with this new model are then compared with scintillation measurements obtained during the recent Validation Measurement for Propagation in the Infrared and Radar (VAMPIRA) campaign. Better agreement is obtained with the new model than with a conventional bulk model. The implications of the modifications made to the calculation of C-n(2) are discussed.
C1 [Potvin, Guy; Dion, Denis; Forand, J. Luc] Def R&D Canada Valcartier, N Quebec, PQ G3J 1X5, Canada.
[Claverie, Jacques] CREC St Cyr LESTP & IETR, Guer, France.
[Frederickson, Paul A.; Davidson, Kenneth L.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Grad Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Potvin, G (reprint author), Def R&D Canada Valcartier, 2459 Pie 11 Blvd, N Quebec, PQ G3J 1X5, Canada.
EM guy.potvin@drdc-rddc.gc.ca
NR 32
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 12
BP 3044
EP 3060
DI 10.1175/2008JAMC1632.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 395BF
UT WOS:000262496400002
ER
PT J
AU Calame, JP
AF Calame, J. P.
TI Dielectric permittivity simulation of random irregularly shaped particle
composites and approximation using modified dielectric mixing laws
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID BARIUM-TITANATE CERAMICS; LICHTENECKERS MIXTURE FORMULAS; POROUS
CERAMICS; CONSTANT; RELAXATION; MODEL; CONDUCTIVITY; ROCKS
AB Finite difference quasielectrostatic modeling is used to predict the dielectric permittivity of composites consisting of irregular particles in a background matrix. Representations of particles having undulating surfaces described by sums of harmonic functions are created on the computer and subsequently packed into a three-dimensional cellular model space. Composite dielectric permittivities as a function of volumetric filling fraction and particle undulation amplitude were simulated using constituent permittivities similar to the low-field behavior of barium titanium oxide (particles) and polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene (terpolymer matrix). An increase in particle roughness (undulation amplitude) causes a more rapid increase in composite permittivity than that predicted by random spherical particle simulations. The dielectric behavior of irregular particle composites is also simulated over a wide range of ratios of particle permittivity to matrix permittivity, where both permittivities are purely real. An empirical mixing law, which is a modification of the Hanai equation with an exponent 1/mu instead of 1/3, is investigated and found to be in excellent agreement with the simulations. Additional empirical expressions that provide approximate values of mu in terms of the particle undulation amplitude and the ratio of constituent permittivities are developed. Together, the empirical expressions are potentially useful as a predictive mixing law for irregular particle systems. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Calame, JP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jeffrey.calame@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research
FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. The author
thanks R. E. Riman and S. A. Boggs for useful discussions.
NR 44
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 14
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 11
AR 114108
DI 10.1063/1.3035947
PG 11
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 393HI
UT WOS:000262364000119
ER
PT J
AU Conroy, MW
Oleynik, II
Zybin, SV
White, CT
AF Conroy, M. W.
Oleynik, I. I.
Zybin, S. V.
White, C. T.
TI Density functional theory calculations of anisotropic constitutive
relationships in alpha-cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; AB-INITIO;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; BASIS-SET; RDX; PRESSURE;
HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE; SOLIDS
AB Constitutive relationships in the crystalline energetic material alpha-cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (alpha-RDX) have been investigated using first-principles density functional theory. The equilibrium properties of alpha-RDX including unit cell parameters and bulk modulus, as well as the hydrostatic equation of state (EOS), have been obtained and compared with available experimental data. The isotropic EOS has been extended to include the anisotropic response of alpha-RDX by performing uniaxial compressions normal to several low-index planes, {100}, {010}, {001}, {110}, {101}, {011}, and {111}, in the Pbca space group. The uniaxial-compression data exhibit a considerable anisotropy in the principal stresses, changes in energy, band gaps, and shear stresses, which might play a role in the anisotropic behavior of alpha-RDX under shock loading. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Conroy, M. W.; Oleynik, I. I.] Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[Zybin, S. V.] CALTECH, Mat & Proc Simulat Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[White, C. T.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Conroy, MW (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
EM mconroy@shell.cas.usf.edu
RI Oleynik, Ivan/R-5004-2016
OI Oleynik, Ivan/0000-0002-5348-6484
FU Office of Naval Research (ONR)
FX The work at USF was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR)
through the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and partly by the Army
Research Office (ARO) through the Multi-University Research Initiative
(MURI) on Insensitive Munitions (IM) and the Center for Integrated
Functional Materials at the USF Physics department. The work at Caltech
was supported by ONR and the ARO through the MURI on IM. The work at NRL
was supported by ONR both directly and through NRL. The computations
were performed using NSF Teragrid computational facilities.
NR 33
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 11
AR 113501
DI 10.1063/1.3031216
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 393HI
UT WOS:000262364000027
ER
PT J
AU Valeri, CR
Ragno, G
AF Valeri, C. Robert
Ragno, Gina
TI PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH CURRENT ANTI-DOPING TESTING: IS QUALITY
ASSESSMENT A RELIABLE SOLUTION?
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
ID RECOMBINANT-HUMAN-ERYTHROPOIETIN; TRANSFUSION; VOLUME
C1 [Valeri, C. Robert; Ragno, Gina] USN, Blood Res Lab, Boston, MA USA.
RP Valeri, CR (reprint author), USN, Blood Res Lab, Boston, MA USA.
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 8750-7587
J9 J APPL PHYSIOL
JI J. Appl. Physiol.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 105
IS 6
BP 1993
EP 1993
PG 1
WC Physiology; Sport Sciences
SC Physiology; Sport Sciences
GA 378AP
UT WOS:000261293800055
PM 19140256
ER
PT J
AU Vellanoweth, RL
Bartelle, BG
Ainis, AF
Cannon, AC
Schwartz, SJ
AF Vellanoweth, Rene L.
Bartelle, Barney G.
Ainis, Amira F.
Cannon, Amanda C.
Schwartz, Steven J.
TI A double dog burial from San Nicolas Island, California, USA: osteology,
context, and significance
SO JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Double dog burial; Osteometrics; Digestive tract residue; San Nicolas
Island; California Channel Islands; Southern California
ID WORLD DOGS; ERUPTION; EXFOLIATION; CHRONOLOGY; BEAGLE
AB Recent archaeological excavations on San Nicolas Island, located off the coast of southern California, revealed the remains of a double dog burial interred sometime during the 13th and 14th centuries. Two carefully laid to rest and possibly sacrificed juvenile, female domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) between the ages of 1 and 6 months were found within a Native American village. Digestive tract residues include burned and unburned fish and marine mammal bone that suggest scavenging behavior or direct feeding by humans. Breed classifications place it between the Short-Nosed Indian dog and the Plains-Indian dog, likely representing a cross between those and other varieties of North American dogs. Comparisons with other dog burials from archaeological sites across southern California suggest commonalities and possible cultural linkages. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Vellanoweth, Rene L.; Bartelle, Barney G.; Ainis, Amira F.] Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Anthropol, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA.
[Cannon, Amanda C.] Stat Res Inc, Redlands, CA USA.
[Schwartz, Steven J.] USN, Range Sustainabil Off, Point Mugu Nawc, CA USA.
RP Vellanoweth, RL (reprint author), Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Anthropol, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA.
EM rene.vellanoweth@gmail.com
FU NAVAIR Weapons Division; Range Sustainability Office; Point Mugu;
Humboldt State University; California State University, Los Angeles
FX We thank Lisa Thomas-Barnett and the U.S. Navy for making our trips to
San Nicolas Island possible. We also thank Patricia Martz, Helen Wells,
and their students from California State University, Los Angeles for
helping in the field. This research would not have possible without the
many people who participated in Vellanoweth's field and lab courses
through Humboldt State University. Financial assistance was provided
through NAVAIR Weapons Division, Range Sustainability Office, Point
Mugu, Humboldt State University, and California State University, Los
Angeles. Leslie Heald drafted Fig. 1. Finally, we thank anonymous
reviewers and the editors and staff of the Journal of Archaeological
Science for help in the review and production of this manuscript.
NR 74
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U1 2
U2 9
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0305-4403
J9 J ARCHAEOL SCI
JI J. Archaeol. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 12
BP 3111
EP 3123
DI 10.1016/j.jas.2008.06.010
PG 13
WC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geology
GA 362WW
UT WOS:000260228900006
ER
PT J
AU Bucholtz, A
Bluth, RT
Kelly, B
Taylor, S
Batson, K
Sarto, AW
Tooman, TP
Mccoy, RF
AF Bucholtz, Anthony
Bluth, Robert T.
Kelly, Ben
Taylor, Scott
Batson, Keir
Sarto, Anthony W.
Tooman, Tim P.
Mccoy, Robert F., Jr.
TI The Stabilized Radiometer Platform ( STRAP)-An Actively Stabilized
Horizontally Level Platform for Improved Aircraft Irradiance
Measurements
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLAR-RADIATION; ABSORPTION; CLOUDS; ATMOSPHERE; FLUXES
AB Measurements of solar and infrared irradiance by instruments rigidly mounted to an aircraft have historically been plagued by the introduction of offsets and fluctuations into the data that are solely due to the pitch and roll movements of the aircraft. The Stabilized Radiometer Platform ( STRAP) was developed to address this problem. Mounted on top of an aircraft and utilizing a self-contained, coupled Inertial Navigation System-GPS, STRAP actively keeps a set of uplooking radiometers horizontally level to within +/- 0.02 degrees for aircraft pitch and roll angles of up to approximately +/- 10 degrees. The system update rate of 100 Hz compensates for most pitch and roll changes experienced in normal flight and in turbulence. STRAP was mounted on a Twin Otter aircraft and its performance evaluated during normal flight and during a series of flight maneuvers designed to test the accuracy, range, and robustness of the platform. The measurements from an identical pair of solar pyranometers-one mounted on STRAP and the other rigidly mounted nearby directly to the aircraft-are compared to illustrate the accuracy and capability of the new platform. Results show that STRAP can keep radiometers level within the specified pitch and roll range, that it is able to recover from flight maneuvers outside of this range, and that it greatly increases the quantity of useful radiometer data from any given flight. Of particular note, STRAP now allows accurate measurements of the downwelling solar irradiance during spiral ascents or descents of the aircraft, greatly expanding the utility of aircraft radiometer measurements.
C1 [Bucholtz, Anthony] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Bluth, Robert T.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Ctr Interdisciplinary Remotely Piloted Aircraft S, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Kelly, Ben; Taylor, Scott; Batson, Keir; Sarto, Anthony W.] L3 Commun Sonoma EO, Santa Rosa, CA USA.
[Tooman, Tim P.; Mccoy, Robert F., Jr.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA.
RP Bucholtz, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM anthony.bucholtz@nrlmry.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research ( ONR) Small Business Innovation Research (
SBIR) grant [PE061153N]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the efforts and support of the
pilots, technicians, and staff at the Center for Interdisciplinary
Remotely Piloted Aircraft Studies. In particular we wish to thank Dr.
Haflidi H. Jonsson, chief scientist; Mike Hubbell, pilot; Roy Woods,
pilot/engineer; Reggie Burch, avionics mechanic; and Nava Roy, systems
programmer. The development of STRAP was funded by an Office of Naval
Research ( ONR) Small Business Innovation Research ( SBIR) grant. The
support of ONR Program Element PE061153N is gratefully acknowledged.
NR 28
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Z9 8
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 25
IS 12
BP 2161
EP 2175
DI 10.1175/2008JTECHA1085.1
PG 15
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 387ZU
UT WOS:000261990900001
ER
PT J
AU Mastro, MA
Caldwell, J
Twigg, M
Simpkins, B
Glembocki, O
Holm, RT
Eddy, CR
Kub, F
Kim, HY
Alin, J
Kim, J
AF Mastro, Michael A.
Caldwell, Josh
Twigg, Mark
Simpkins, Blake
Glembocki, Orest
Holm, Ron T.
Eddy, Charles R., Jr.
Kub, Fritz
Kim, Hong-Yeol
Alin, Jaehui
Kim, Jihyun
TI Group III-nitride radial heterojunction nanowire light emitters
SO JOURNAL OF CERAMIC PROCESSING RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE III-nitride; Nanowire; Defect
ID BAND-GAP; GROWTH; INN; EDGE
AB Heterojunction nanowires were fabricated via a vapor-liquid-solid growth mechanism in a metal organic chemical vapor deposition system. The structure consisted of a n-type GaN:Si core surrounding by a distinct p-type AlGaN:Mg shell. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the nanowires were free of extended defects. Photoluminescence measured a strong UV emission peak. Additionally, sources of mid-gap transitions are linked to surface states on the nanowire surface.
C1 [Mastro, Michael A.; Caldwell, Josh; Twigg, Mark; Simpkins, Blake; Glembocki, Orest; Holm, Ron T.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.; Kub, Fritz] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Kim, Hong-Yeol; Alin, Jaehui; Kim, Jihyun] Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul, South Korea.
RP Mastro, MA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM mastro@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; jhkim@prosys.korea.ac.kr
RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008; Kim, Jihyun/F-6940-2013
OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168;
FU Office of Naval Research and Office of Naval Research-Global
[N00014-07-1-4035]; BK21 program
FX Research at the US Naval Research Lab is partially supported by the
Office of Naval Research and Office of Naval Research-Global(Grant
Number N00014-07-1-4035). The research at Korea University was supported
by BK21 program.
NR 24
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 9
PU KOREAN ASSOC CRYSTAL GROWTH, INC
PI SEOUL
PA SUNGDONG POST OFFICE, P O BOX 27, SEOUL 133-600, SOUTH KOREA
SN 1229-9162
J9 J CERAM PROCESS RES
JI J. Ceram. Process. Res.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 9
IS 6
BP 584
EP 587
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA 401CO
UT WOS:000262916100008
ER
PT J
AU Foos, EE
Twigg, ME
Snow, AW
Ancona, MG
AF Foos, Edward E.
Twigg, Mark E.
Snow, Arthur W.
Ancona, Mario G.
TI Competition Between Thiol and Phosphine Ligands During the Synthesis of
Au Nanoclusters
SO JOURNAL OF CLUSTER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Nanocluster; Gold; Ligands; Exchange reaction
ID STABILIZED METAL-CLUSTERS; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; TERTIARY PHOSPHINE;
COLLOID SCIENCE; SIZE; TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE; COMPLEXES; EXCHANGE;
MICROELECTRONICS; PARTICLES
AB Reduction of a mixture of Ph(3)PAuCl and CH(3)(CH(2))(5)SH with NaBH(4) yields predominately phosphine encapsulated nanoclusters with Au cores < 1 nm, similar to the product isolated when the alkane thiol is not present in the reaction. When Et(3)N is added to a solution of Ph(3)PAuCl and CH(3)(CH(2))(5)SH, a Au-S bond is formed, and the subsequent reduction of this thiolate results in the formation of > 2 nm core thiol encapsulated Au nanoclusters as the majority product. This latter reduction has been examined in more detail through in situ (31)P NMR experiments, and a solution exchange reaction is observed wherein the PPh(3) generated by the reduction displaces thiol from the surface of the nanocluster product. This thiol displacement occurs with loss of a Au atom from the nanocluster core, as observed by NMR.
C1 [Foos, Edward E.; Twigg, Mark E.; Snow, Arthur W.; Ancona, Mario G.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Foos, EE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM edward.foos@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research (ONR)
FX The Office of Naval Research (ONR) is acknowledged for financial support
of this work.
NR 34
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 18
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1040-7278
J9 J CLUST SCI
JI J. Clust. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 19
IS 4
BP 573
EP 589
DI 10.1007/s10876-008-0205-6
PG 17
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA 384NI
UT WOS:000261751100003
ER
PT J
AU Smith, KB
AF Smith, Kevin B.
TI VALIDATING RANGE-DEPENDENT, FULL-FIELD MODELS OF THE ACOUSTIC VECTOR
FIELD IN SHALLOW WATER ENVIRONMENTS
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL ACOUSTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Vector field; acoustic particle velocity; parabolic approximation;
normal models
ID PARABOLIC EQUATION; VELOCITY; OCEAN
AB Numerical algorithms for computing acoustic particle velocity from a pressure propagation model are introduced. Implementation using both a parabolic equation and normal mode approach are considered. The parabolic equation model employed uses a split-step Fourier algorithm, although application of the technique is general to other parabolic equation models. Expressions for the normal mode equations are also presented, for both coupled and adiabatic mode models. Results for a Pekeris waveguide are presented for a point source, prompting a brief discussion of multipath influence on the estimation of the direction of energy. flow. Approximate analytic solutions are used to validate the general results of both the models. Results for the range-dependent benchmark wedge are then presented, which show generally good agreement between the two types of models. The results from the two-way, coupled normal mode model provide potential benchmark solutions for the wedge and a means of confirming the accuracy of other models.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Smith, KB (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM kbsmith@nps.edu
FU ONR [321OA]; NUWC-NPT [15]; NPS sabbatical program
FX The author would like to express his deepest gratitude to Dr Richard
Evans, the developer of the Couple97 model, for his guidance and
feedback during the. final edits of this paper. The author also wishes
to thank the following persons for many useful discussions on particle
velocity modeling and phenomena: Prof. Andres Laraaza (NPS), Dr Gerald
D'Spain (MPL/SIO/UCSD), Prof. William Siegmann (RPI), Dr Roger Richards
(NUWC-NPT), and Mr Phil Duckett (NUWC-NPT). The author is also grateful
to the support provided by ONR Code 321OA, NUWC-NPT Code 15, and by the
NPS sabbatical program.
NR 14
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE
SN 0218-396X
J9 J COMPUT ACOUST
JI J. Comput. Acoust.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 4
BP 471
EP 486
PG 16
WC Acoustics; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Acoustics; Mathematics
GA 389IX
UT WOS:000262087200001
ER
PT J
AU Sargent, P
Reeves, J
AF Sargent, Paul
Reeves, James
TI Pulmonary Edema After Electroconvulsive Therapy
SO JOURNAL OF ECT
LA English
DT Article
DE pulmonary edema; electroconvulsive therapy; negative pressure;
sympathetic discharge
AB A 42-year-old right-handed mail with major depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and hypertension received 7 treatments of right unilateral electroconvulsive therapy, with the only complications being elevated blood pressure up to 180/120 mm Hg and agitation upon awakening. During eighth treatment, lie experienced blood pressures as high as 210/130 mm Hg with severe agitation upon awakening from anesthesia followed by pulmonary edema. Pulmonary edema is rarely seen as a complication in electroconvulsive therapy, but if the airway becomes obstructed or there is excessive sympathetic discharge during the procedure, pulmonary edema may be more likely to occur.
C1 [Sargent, Paul; Reeves, James] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Directorate Mental Hlth, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
RP Reeves, J (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Directorate Mental Hlth, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM James.reeves@med.navy.mil
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1095-0680
J9 J ECT
JI J. ECT
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 4
BP 283
EP 285
PG 3
WC Behavioral Sciences; Psychiatry
SC Behavioral Sciences; Psychiatry
GA 381HL
UT WOS:000261526400010
PM 18617864
ER
PT J
AU Canedy, CL
Bewley, WW
Lindle, JR
Nolde, JA
Larrabee, DC
Kim, CS
Kim, M
Vurgaftman, I
Meyer, JR
AF Canedy, C. L.
Bewley, W. W.
Lindle, J. R.
Nolde, J. A.
Larrabee, D. C.
Kim, C. S.
Kim, M.
Vurgaftman, I.
Meyer, J. R.
TI Interband Cascade Lasers with Wavelengths Spanning 2.9 mu m to 5.2 mu m
SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Semiconductor lasers; mid-infrared lasers; interband cascade lasers;
quantum wells; type II active regions
ID LASING PROPERTIES; GROWTH-CONDITIONS; QUANTUM-WELLS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
AB We report an experimental investigation of four interband cascade lasers with wavelengths spanning the mid-infrared spectral range, i. e., 2.9 mu m to 5.2 mu m, near room temperature in pulsed mode. One broad-area device had a pulsed threshold current density of only 3.8 A/cm(2) at 78 K (lambda = 3.6 mu m) and 590 A/cm(2) at 300 K (lambda = 4.1 mu m). The room-temperature threshold for the shortest-wavelength device (lambda = 2.6 mu m to 2.9 mu m) was even lower, 450 A/cm(2). A cavity-length study of the lasers emitting at 3.6 mu m to 4.1 mu m yielded an internal loss varying from 7.8 cm(-1) at 78 K to 24 cm(-1) at 300 K, accompanied by a decrease of the internal efficiency from 77% to 45%.
C1 [Canedy, C. L.; Bewley, W. W.; Lindle, J. R.; Nolde, J. A.; Larrabee, D. C.; Kim, C. S.; Kim, M.; Vurgaftman, I.; Meyer, J. R.] USN, Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Canedy, CL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM vurgaftman@nrl.navy.mil
RI Lindle, James/A-9426-2009
NR 15
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0361-5235
J9 J ELECTRON MATER
JI J. Electron. Mater.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 37
IS 12
BP 1780
EP 1785
DI 10.1007/s11664-008-0444-1
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics
GA 365AD
UT WOS:000260377400006
ER
PT J
AU Monk, CA
Trafton, JG
Boehm-Davis, DA
AF Monk, Christopher A.
Trafton, J. Gregory
Boehm-Davis, Deborah A.
TI The Effect of Interruption Duration and Demand on Resuming Suspended
Goals
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-APPLIED
LA English
DT Article
DE interruption; goals; interleaved tasks; memory
ID HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION; TASK INTERRUPTION; WORKPLACE INTERRUPTIONS;
DECISION-MAKING; WORKING-MEMORY; SHORT-TERM; MODEL; INTENTIONS;
ACTIVATION; COMPLEXITY
AB The time to resume task goals after an interruption varied depending on the duration and cognitive demand of interruptions, as predicted by the memory for goals model (Altmann & Trafton, 2002). Three experiments using an interleaved tasks interruption paradigm showed that longer and more demanding interruptions led to longer resumption times in a hierarchical, interactive task. The resumption time profile for durations up to 1 min supported the role of decay in defining resumption costs, and the interaction between duration and demand supported the importance of goal rehearsal in mitigating decay. These findings supported the memory for goals model, and had practical implications for context where tasks are frequently interleaved such as office settings, driving, emergency rooms, and aircraft cockpits.
C1 [Monk, Christopher A.; Boehm-Davis, Deborah A.] George Mason Univ, Dept Psychol, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Trafton, J. Gregory] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Monk, CA (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Psychol, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RI Boehm-Davis, Deborah/C-5482-2009
NR 59
TC 62
Z9 63
U1 3
U2 10
PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA
SN 1076-898X
J9 J EXP PSYCHOL-APPL
JI J. Exp. Psychol.-Appl.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 14
IS 4
BP 299
EP 313
DI 10.1037/a0014402
PG 15
WC Psychology, Applied
SC Psychology
GA 387PX
UT WOS:000261965200001
PM 19102614
ER
PT J
AU Luo, TF
Lloyd, JR
AF Luo, Tengfei
Lloyd, John R.
TI Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Study of Nanoscale Thermal Energy Transport
SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
DE ab initio; molecular dynamics; thermal energy transport; nanoscale
ID CONDUCTIVITY
AB Ab initio molecular dynamics, which employs density functional theory, is used to study thermal energy transport phenomena in nanoscale structures. Thermal equilibration in multiple thin layer structures with thicknesses less than 1 not per layer is simulated. Different types of layer combinations are investigated. Periodic boundary conditions in all directions are used in all cases. Two neighboring layers are first set to different temperatures using Nose-Hoover thermostats, and then the process of energy equilibration is simulated with a "free run" (without an), thermostat controlling the temperatures). The temperature evolutions in the two neighboring layers are computed. The atomic vibration power spectra are calculated and used to explain the phenomena observed in the simulation. [DOI: 10.115/1.2976562]
C1 [Luo, Tengfei] Michigan State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Lloyd, John R.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Luo, TF (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 2555 Engn Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM luotengf@msu.edu; lloyd@egr.msu.edu
NR 20
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 15
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0022-1481
EI 1528-8943
J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME
JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 130
IS 12
AR 122403
DI 10.1115/1.2976562
PG 7
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA 400BE
UT WOS:000262842200013
ER
PT J
AU Pique, A
Auyeung, RCY
Kim, H
Metkus, KM
Mathews, SA
AF Pique, Alberto
Auyeung, Raymond C. Y.
Kim, Heungsoo
Metkus, Kristin M.
Mathews, Scott A.
TI Digital Microfabrication by Laser Decal Transfer
SO JOURNAL OF LASER MICRO NANOENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser decal transfer; laser-induced forward transfer; laser
direct-write; digital microfabrication; metallic nanoinks
ID SENSITIZED SOLAR-CELLS; DIRECT-WRITE
AB Laser decal transfer is a novel direct-write technique that allows the digital microfabrication of thin film-like patterns or structures on many substrates without the use of lithography and etch steps. Laser decal transfer is based on the non-phase transforming laser-induced forward transfer of complex suspensions or inks. This type of laser transfer allows the direct printing of materials such as metallic nano-inks from a donor substrate to a receiving substrate while maintaining the size and shape of the area illuminated by the laser transfer pulse. Consequently, this technique does not exhibit the limited resolution, non-uniform thickness, irregular edge features and surrounding debris associated with earlier laser forward transfer techniques. Laser decal transfer can be used to make continuous and uniform metallic lines typically 5 micrometers or less in width, and a few hundred nanometers in thickness. These lines are of similar scale as patterns generated by lithographic techniques. After transfer, the lines are cured either thermally or by a CW laser to become electrically conductive. In situ laser curing results in lines with resistivities as low as 3.4 mu Omega cm. This novel laser direct-write technique is ideally suited for digital microfabrication applications and can be used for the development, customization, modification, and/or repair of microelectronic circuits.
C1 [Pique, Alberto; Auyeung, Raymond C. Y.; Kim, Heungsoo; Metkus, Kristin M.; Mathews, Scott A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Pique, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Code 6364,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM pique@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research
FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. The authors
would like to thank Lydia Young and Alan Cable for their helpful
suggestions.
NR 18
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 1
U2 15
PU JAPAN LASER PROCESSING SOC
PI OSAKA
PA OSAKA UNIV, 11-1 MIHOGAOKA, IBARAKI C/O KATAYAMA LAB, JOINING & WELDING
RES INST, OSAKA, 567-0047, JAPAN
SN 1880-0688
J9 J LASER MICRO NANOEN
JI J. Laser Micro Nanoeng.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 3
IS 3
BP 163
EP 169
PG 7
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Optics; Physics
GA 453UY
UT WOS:000266639600007
ER
PT J
AU Vallieres, C
Retamal, L
Ramlal, P
Osburn, CL
Vincent, WF
AF Vallieres, Catherine
Retamal, Leira
Ramlal, Patricia
Osburn, Christopher L.
Vincent, Warwick F.
TI Bacterial production and microbial food web structure in a large arctic
river and the coastal Arctic Ocean
SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; ST-LAWRENCE-RIVER; BEAUFORT SEA ESTUARY;
HETEROTROPHIC PRODUCTION; MARINE BACTERIOPLANKTON; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE;
SALINITY GRADIENT; TRANSITION ZONE; LAPTEV SEA; CARBON
AB Globally significant quantities of organic carbon are stored in northern permafrost soils, but little is known about how this carbon is processed by microbial communities once it enters rivers and is transported to the coastal Arctic Ocean. As part of the Arctic River-Delta Experiment (ARDEX), we measured environmental and microbiological variables along a 300 km transect in the Mackenzie River and coastal Beaufort Sea, in July-August 2004. Surface bacterial concentrations averaged 6.7 x 10(5) cells mL(-1) with no significant differences between sampling zones. Picocyanobacteria were abundant in the river, and mostly observed as cell colonies. Their concentrations in the surface waters decreased across the salinity gradient, dropping from 51,000 (river) to 30 (sea) cells mL(-1). There were accompanying shifts in protist community structure, from diatoms, cryptophytes, heterotrophic protists and chrysophytes in the river, to dinoflagellates, prymnesiophytes, chrysophytes, prasinophytes, diatoms and heterotrophic protists in the Beaufort Sea.
Size-fractionated bacterial production, as measured by (3)H-leucine uptake, varied from 76 to 416 ng C L(-1) h(-1). The contribution of particle-attached bacteria (>3 mu m fraction) to total bacterial production decreased from >90% at the Mackenzie River stations to <20% at an offshore marine site, and the relative importance of this particle-based fraction was inversely correlated with salinity and positively correlated with particulate organic carbon concentrations. Glucose enrichment experiments indicated that bacterial metabolism was carbon limited in the Mackenzie River but not in the coastal ocean. Prior exposure of water samples to full sunlight increased the biolability of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the Mackenzie River but decreased it in the Beaufort Sea.
Estimated depth-integrated bacterial respiration rates in the Mackenzie River were higher than depth-integrated primary production rates, while at the marine stations bacterial respiration rates were near or below the integrated primary production rates. Consistent with these results, P(CO2) measurements showed surface water supersaturation in the river (mean of 146% of air equilibrium values) and subsaturation or near-saturation in the coastal sea. These results show a well-developed microbial food web in the Mackenzie River system that will likely convert tundra carbon to atmospheric CO(2) at increasing rates as the arctic climate continues to warm. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Vallieres, Catherine; Retamal, Leira; Vincent, Warwick F.] Univ Laval, Dept Biol, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada.
[Vallieres, Catherine; Retamal, Leira; Vincent, Warwick F.] Univ Laval, Ctr Etud Nord, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada.
[Ramlal, Patricia] Inst Freshwater, Dept Fisheries & Oceans, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada.
[Osburn, Christopher L.] USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Vincent, WF (reprint author), Univ Laval, Dept Biol, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada.
EM warwick.vincent@bio.ulaval.ca
RI Vincent, Warwick/C-9522-2009;
OI Osburn, Christopher/0000-0002-9334-4202; Vincent,
Warwick/0000-0001-9055-1938
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada
Research Chair program; Indian and Northern Affairs Canada; Fisheries
and Oceans Canada; ARDEX; CCGS Nahidik
FX This study was made possible with financial support from the Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the Canada Research
Chair program, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada, and Fisheries and
Oceans Canada. We thank Milla Rautio for her support during field work,
other members of ARDEX for their help and support, Christine Martineau
for SPM analyses, and the officers and crew of the CCGS Nahidik for
their expert assistance during the sampling expedition.
NR 76
TC 47
Z9 48
U1 3
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0924-7963
J9 J MARINE SYST
JI J. Mar. Syst.
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 74
IS 3-4
BP 756
EP 773
DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2007.12.002
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 385KF
UT WOS:000261812400003
ER
PT J
AU Zhilyaev, AP
Swaminathan, S
Gimazov, AA
McNelley, TR
Langdon, TG
AF Zhilyaev, A. P.
Swaminathan, S.
Gimazov, A. A.
McNelley, T. R.
Langdon, T. G.
TI An evaluation of microstructure and microhardness in copper subjected to
ultra-high strains
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Symposium on Ultrafine-Grained Materials
CY MAR 09-13, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
ID HIGH-PRESSURE TORSION; SEVERE PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; CHANNEL ANGULAR
EXTRUSION; GRAIN-REFINEMENT; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; THERMAL-STABILITY;
PURE NICKEL; EVOLUTION; ALLOY; MG
AB The microstructure and microhardness of copper subjected to large strains either using one or a combination of severe plastic deformation (SPD) processing techniques was evaluated. The individual SPD techniques used include equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP), high-pressure torsion (HPT), and chip formation during machining (M). Microstructural characterization using orientation imaging microscopy provided detailed information on the grain sizes and misorientation statistics after different processing routes. Vickers indentation analysis was used to evaluate the hardness of the deformed samples. The results show that excellent microstructures and properties are achieved when these three processes are used in combination, including grain sizes in the range of similar to 0.2-0.3 mu m and hardness values up to > 1,900 MPa.
C1 [Zhilyaev, A. P.] CSIC, Dept Met Phys, Ctro Nacl Invest Met, Madrid 28040, Spain.
[Zhilyaev, A. P.; Gimazov, A. A.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Met Superplast Problems, Ufa 450001, Russia.
[Swaminathan, S.; McNelley, T. R.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Langdon, T. G.] Univ So Calif, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Langdon, T. G.] Univ So Calif, Dept Mat Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Langdon, T. G.] Univ Southampton, Mat Res Grp, Sch Engn Sci, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
RP Zhilyaev, AP (reprint author), CSIC, Dept Met Phys, Ctro Nacl Invest Met, Madrid 28040, Spain.
EM AlexZ@anrb.ru
RI Langdon, Terence/B-1487-2008; Zhilyaev, Alexander/E-5624-2010;
OI Zhilyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1902-8703
NR 24
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 3
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2461
J9 J MATER SCI
JI J. Mater. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 43
IS 23-24
BP 7451
EP 7456
DI 10.1007/s10853-008-2714-y
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 387LD
UT WOS:000261952800032
ER
PT J
AU Swaminathan, S
Garcia-Infanta, JM
McNelley, TR
Ruano, OA
Carreno, F
AF Swaminathan, S.
Garcia-Infanta, J. M.
McNelley, T. R.
Ruano, O. A.
Carreno, F.
TI Severe plastic deformation of an as-cast hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Symposium on Ultrafine-Grained Materials
CY MAR 09-13, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
ID CHANNEL; PATH
AB Different equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) processing routes have been employed to investigate the flow plane microstructures in a hypoeutectic Al-7wt%Si. In the as-cast condition, this alloy exhibits equiaxed primary aluminum dendrite cells embedded in an Al-Si eutectic constituent. The observed microstructures have been compared to the predicted distortion of a volume element expected during idealized ECAP. The effect of different processing routes on the microstructure refinement, degree of homogenization of second phase particles, and associated mechanical properties are discussed.
C1 [Swaminathan, S.; McNelley, T. R.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Garcia-Infanta, J. M.; Ruano, O. A.; Carreno, F.] CSIC, CENIM, Dept Met Phys, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
RP McNelley, TR (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, 700 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tmcnelley@nps.edu
RI Carreno, Fernando/F-6141-2011; Ruano, Oscar/H-1835-2015
OI Carreno, Fernando/0000-0003-0754-2518; Ruano, Oscar/0000-0001-6368-986X
NR 10
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2461
J9 J MATER SCI
JI J. Mater. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 43
IS 23-24
BP 7501
EP 7506
DI 10.1007/s10853-008-2625-y
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 387LD
UT WOS:000261952800039
ER
PT J
AU Ngai, KL
Grzybowska, K
Grzybowski, A
Kaminska, E
Kaminski, K
Paluch, M
Capaccioli, S
AF Ngai, K. L.
Grzybowska, K.
Grzybowski, A.
Kaminska, E.
Kaminski, K.
Paluch, M.
Capaccioli, S.
TI Recent advances in fundamental understanding of glass transition
SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Workshop on Non Crystalline Solids
CY APR 27-30, 2008
CL Univ Porto, Dept Phys, Porto, PORTUGAL
SP Fund Ciencia & Tecnol, Univ Porto, Fac Sci, Inst Nanotechnol, Univ Porto, Inst Phys Mat
HO Univ Porto, Dept Phys
DE Dielectric properties, relaxation, electric modulus; Glass transition;
Pressure effects
ID SECONDARY RELAXATIONS; BETA-RELAXATION; INTERACTING ARRAYS; FORMING
SUBSTANCES; DYNAMIC PROPERTIES; ALPHA-RELAXATION; COUPLING MODEL;
LIQUIDS; OSCILLATORS; DISPERSION
AB Some examples of recent advances in experiment and theory that have impact on solution of the glass transition problem are briefly discussed. The fundamental importance of a special class of secondary relaxations called the Johari-Goldstein beta-relaxations becomes clear from the recent advances. The main part of the paper addresses a recent research problem, which is the purported anomalous temperature dependence of the relaxation time of another secondary (gamma) relaxation found by fitting dielectric relaxation data in several glass-formers. We show the anomalous T-dependence of this faster gamma-relaxation is caused by the influence exerted by the slower Johari-Goldstein beta-relaxation in the vicinity. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ngai, K. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Grzybowska, K.; Grzybowski, A.; Kaminska, E.; Kaminski, K.; Paluch, M.] Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland.
[Capaccioli, S.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
[Capaccioli, S.] CNR, INFM, Polylab, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
RP Ngai, KL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM ngai@estd.nrl.navy.mil
RI Capaccioli, Simone/A-8503-2012
OI Capaccioli, Simone/0000-0003-4866-8918
NR 32
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3093
J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS
JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 354
IS 47-51
BP 5085
EP 5088
DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2008.04.057
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 383EJ
UT WOS:000261656600002
ER
PT J
AU Park, S
Chu, PC
AF Park, Sunghyea
Chu, Peter C.
TI Characteristics of Thermal Finestructure in the Southern Yellow Sea and
the East China Sea from Airborne Expendable Bathythermograph
Measurements
SO JOURNAL OF OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Yellow/East China Seas; AXBT; synoptic thermal fronts; thermal
finestructures; mixing
ID ANTARCTIC POLAR FRONT; THERMOHALINE STAIRCASE; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; MAIN
THERMOCLINE; INTERNAL WAVES; NORTH-ATLANTIC; VARIABILITY; KUROSHIO;
SURFACE; SCALE
AB Four surveys of airborne expendable bathythermograph with horizontal spacing of about 35 km and vertical spacing of I m extending from the surface down to 400 in deep are used to analyze thermal finestructures and their seasonality in frontal zones of the southern Yellow Sea and the East China Sea. Finestructure characteristics are different not only among fronts but also along the same front, implying different mixing mechanisms. Summer thermocline intrusions with thickness from few to 40 meters, generated by the vertically-sheared advection, are identified along the southern tongue of the Cheju-Yangtze Front (especially south of Cheju Island). The finestructures south of the Yangtze Bank (i.e. the western tip of the southern tongue) produced by strong along-frontal currents are not as rich as elsewhere in the southern tongue. The Cheju-Tsushima Front presents mixed finestructures due to confluent currents from various origins. The irregular-staircase finestructures in the Kuroshio region (below the seasonal thermocline), driven by double-diffusive mixing, show seasonal invariance and vertical/horizontal coherence. The strength of mixing related to finestructure is weaker in the Kuroshio region than in the Cheju-Tsushima Front or south of Cheju Island. The profiles in the Tsushima Warm Current branching area show large (similar to 50 m thick), irregular-staircase structures at the upper 230 m depth, which coincides roughly with the lower boundary of the maximum salinity layer. The finestructure at depths deeper 230 m is similar to that in the Kuroshio region. The possible mechanisms for generating the finestructures are also discussed.
C1 [Park, Sunghyea; Chu, Peter C.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Park, S (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM spark@nps.edu
FU Naval Oceanographic Office; Office of Naval Research; Naval Postgraduate
School
FX This research was sponsored by the Naval Oceanographic Office, Office of
Naval Research, and Naval Postgraduate School.
NR 55
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0916-8370
J9 J OCEANOGR
JI J. Oceanogr.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 64
IS 6
BP 859
EP 875
DI 10.1007/s10872-008-0071-8
PG 17
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 365SN
UT WOS:000260428200004
ER
PT J
AU Radko, T
Kamenkovich, I
Dare, PY
AF Radko, Timour
Kamenkovich, Igor
Dare, Pierre-Yves
TI Inferring the Pattern of the Oceanic Meridional Transport from the
Air-Sea Density Flux
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID WATER MASS FORMATION; ANTARCTIC CIRCUMPOLAR CURRENT; LARGE-SCALE
CIRCULATION; DIAPYCNAL FLUXES; BOUNDARY-LAYER; NORTH-ATLANTIC;
THERMOCLINE; MODEL; TRANSFORMATION; STRATIFICATION
AB An extension of Walin's water mass transformation analysis is proposed that would make it possible to assess the strength of the adiabatic along-isopycnal component of the meridional overturning circulation (MOC). It is hypothesized that the substantial fraction of the adiabatic MOC component can be attributed to the difference in subduction rates at the northern and southern outcrops of each density layer-the "push-pull" mechanism. The GCM-generated data are examined and it is shown that the push-pull mode accounts for approximately two-thirds of the isopycnal water mass transport in the global budget and dominates the Atlantic transport. Much of the difference between the actual interhemispheric flux and the push-pull mode can be ascribed to the influence of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, characterized by the elevated (at least in the GCM) values of the diapycnal transport. When the diagnostic model is applied to observations, it is discovered that the reconstructed MOC is consistent, in terms of the magnitude and sense of overturning, with earlier observational and modeling studies. The findings support the notion that the dynamics of the meridional overturning are largely controlled by the adiabatic processes-time-mean and eddy-induced advection of buoyancy.
C1 [Radko, Timour; Dare, Pierre-Yves] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Kamenkovich, Igor] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Radko, T (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tradko@nps.edu
FU National Science Foundation [OCE 0623524, OCE 0623608]; National
Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNG06GA66G]
FX The authors thank John Marshall, Lynne Talley, and reviewers for helpful
comments. TR acknowledges support by the National Science Foundation
(Grant OCE 0623524); IK was supported by the National Science Foundation
(Grant OCE 0623608) and National Aeronautics and Space Administration
(Grant NNG06GA66G).
NR 48
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 38
IS 12
BP 2722
EP 2738
DI 10.1175/2008JPO3748.1
PG 17
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 386ZJ
UT WOS:000261921200007
ER
PT J
AU Yang, L
Smith, C
Patrissi, C
Schumacher, CR
Lucht, BL
AF Yang, Li
Smith, Carl
Patrissi, Charles
Schumacher, Christian R.
Lucht, Brett L.
TI Surface reactions and performance of non-aqueous electrolytes with
lithium metal anodes
SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Lithium battery; Electrolytes; Electrode passivation
ID LIBOB-BASED ELECTROLYTES; RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES; POLYMER ELECTROLYTES;
CARBONATE SOLUTIONS; ION BATTERIES; INTERFACE; ELECTRODES; CHEMISTRY;
BEHAVIOR; ETHER
AB Six electrolytes were investigated for lithium metal battery applications. The electrolytes were composed of combinations Of four different salts (LiPF(6), LiB(C(2)O(4))(2). Lil and LiN(SO(2)CF(3))(2)) and three different solvents (PC, DME, and 1,3-dioxolane). All six electrolytes had conductivities >3 mScm(-1) at temperatures from -20 to 40 degrees C. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and linear polarization, both at room temperature and low temperature (-8 degrees C), provided congruent results. The Lil-based electrolyte had the lowest him resistance. while 0.7 M LiB(C(2)O(4))(2)-PC:DME (1:1) had the highest impedance, The presence of 1,3-dioxolane in electrolytes provided lower impedance with LiB(C(2)O(4))(2) but higher resistance with LiPF(6)-based electrolytes. NMR analysis of electrolytes after thermal abuse indicate that LiN(SO(2)CF(3))(2)-based electrolytes are the most thermally stable. SEM analysis Suggests that surface modification and impedance changes are correlated. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Yang, Li; Smith, Carl; Lucht, Brett L.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Chem, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Patrissi, Charles; Schumacher, Christian R.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
RP Lucht, BL (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Chem, 51 Lower Coll Rd, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
EM blucht@chm.uri.edu
FU Ocean Instrumentation(POI); University of Rhode Island; Naval Undersea
Warfare Center; Division Newport
FX We thank the Partnership for Ocean Instrumentation(POI) at the
University of Rhode Island and the Naval Undersea Warfare Center,
Division Newport for partial support of this research. Yardney Technical
Products (Lithion) for assistance with conductivity measurements. The
sensor and Surface Technology Partnership at URI for assistance with
SEM. Chemetal for generous donation of LiBOB.
NR 26
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 10
U2 48
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-7753
J9 J POWER SOURCES
JI J. Power Sources
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 185
IS 2
BP 1359
EP 1366
DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.09.037
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA 384MM
UT WOS:000261748900111
ER
PT J
AU Mao, ZQ
Kang, W
Wang, F
Raulefs, P
AF Mao, Ziqiang
Kang, Wei
Wang, Frank
Raulefs, Peter
TI A 3-tier cooperative control architecture for multi-step semiconductor
manufacturing process
SO JOURNAL OF PROCESS CONTROL
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st IFAC Workshop on Advanced Process Control for Semiconductor
Manufacturing
CY DEC 04-06, 2006
CL Singapore, SINGAPORE
SP IFAC
DE Process control; Optimization; Cooperative control; Target optimization;
Quality control
AB In this paper, cooperative control is investigated and applied to chained processes with multiple steps and multiple tools in semiconductor manufacturing. A cooperative control architecture is proposed to optimize product quality, to improve yield, to achieve best tool performance, and to minimize throughput time. The architecture consists of three tiers: the top tier for target optimization and overall product performance, the middle tier for tool selection based on tool performance, throughput time and tool availability, and the bottom tier for tool level run-to-run control. Large data sets are collected from four individual process steps in a fabrication facility of a leading semiconductor manufacturer and the data sets are processed and lined up for the study of cooperative control. Monte Carlo simulations are carried out based on the real data to demonstrate a significant improvement for the end-of-line product quality. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mao, Ziqiang; Wang, Frank; Raulefs, Peter] Intel Corp, Santa Clara, CA 95052 USA.
[Kang, Wei] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Mao, ZQ (reprint author), Intel Corp, Santa Clara, CA 95052 USA.
EM john.mao@intel.com
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0959-1524
J9 J PROCESS CONTR
JI J. Process Control
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 18
IS 10
BP 954
EP 960
DI 10.1016/j.jprocont.2008.04.003
PG 7
WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Chemical
SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering
GA 386QH
UT WOS:000261897200007
ER
PT J
AU Copper, CL
Newman, CID
Collins, GE
AF Copper, Christine L.
Newman, Carl I. D.
Collins, Greg E.
TI Simple and rapid extraction, separation, and detection of alkaloids in
beverages
SO JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Alkaloids; Micellar electrokinetic chromatography; SPE
ID MICELLAR ELECTROKINETIC CHROMATOGRAPHY; PERFORMANCE
LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; COLCHICINE; STACKING;
MICROCHIP; ANALYTES; MILK
AB Implementation of an uncomplicated SPE process for the rapid extraction and pre-concentration of the alkaloids, colchicine, strychnine, aconitine, and nicotine, from water, apple juice, and nonfat milk samples is presented. When Coupled to analysis via micellar EKC (MEKC), the total analysis time per sample was less than 15 min for the water and juice samples and less than 20 min for the milk, The SPE process allowed for anywhere from a three to a fourteen-fold improvement in the LOD for each alkaloid when compared to detecting the alkaloids in a nontreated water sample matrix. Following SPE, the LODs for colchicine, strychnine, and nicotine were sufficient to meet levels from 150 to 5000 times more dilute than the LD(50) for a 50 kg individual drinking 12 oz of a contaminated beverage. Aconitine, on the other hand, was detected at approximately the LD(50) level. The percent recoveries for the SPE ranged from 37% to as high as 99%. Nicotine attained the highest recovery efficiencies, followed by colchicine, and finally, aconitine and strychnine, which were nearly identical. The greatest recovery efficiencies were achieved from apple juice and water, whereas nonfat milk yielded the lowest.
C1 [Newman, Carl I. D.; Collins, Greg E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Copper, Christine L.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Collins, GE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave SW,Code 6112, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM greg.collins@nrl.navy.mil
FU Food and Drug Administration (FDA); Naval Academy Research Council;
Office of Naval Research
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support of this work
through a grant from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Its
contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the official views of the FDA or the National
Institutes of Health (NIH). C. C. acknowledges support from the Naval
Academy Research Council and the Office of Naval Research.
NR 13
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 14
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1615-9306
J9 J SEP SCI
JI J. Sep. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 31
IS 21
BP 3727
EP 3731
DI 10.1002/jssc.200800350
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 384GB
UT WOS:000261732200008
PM 18925621
ER
PT J
AU Smith, KB
AF Smith, Kevin B.
TI Effects of shear waves on boundary-coupled vector sensors
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID BOTTOM
AB The impact of the acoustic properties of a solid medium on the response of an acoustic vector sensor placed at the boundary between water and the solid is examined. In particular, the components of the vector field both normal and tangential to the boundary are studied. It is shown that the component of the velocity tangential to the boundary is affected by the introduction of shear in the solid medium, which leads to amplitude and phase discontinuities across the boundary. Such discontinuities can lead to mismatches between the vector sensor components that interfere with common, coherent processing techniques. Implications for ocean bottom- and hull-mounted examples are provided. (C) 2008 Acoustical Society of America. [DOI: 10.1121/1.2996324]
C1 [Smith, Kevin B.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Smith, KB (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI USA.
FU U.S. Office of Naval Research [321 OA]; Naval Undersea Warfare Center
Division, Newport [152]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research (Code 321
OA), PEO-IWS5a, and the Naval Undersea Warfare Center Division, Newport
(Code 152).
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 124
IS 6
BP 3464
EP 3470
DI 10.1121/1.2996324
PG 7
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 398XS
UT WOS:000262765600013
PM 19206775
ER
PT J
AU Yang, TC
Yang, WB
AF Yang, T. C.
Yang, Wen-Bin
TI Low probability of detection underwater acoustic communications using
direct-sequence spread spectrum
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID SIGNALS
AB Direct-sequence spread spectrum is used for underwater acoustic communications between nodes, at least one of which is moving. At-sea data show that the phase change due to source motion is significant: The differential phase between two adjacent symbols is often larger than the phase difference between symbols. This poses a challenge to phase-detection based receiver algorithms when the source or receiver is moving. A pair of energy detectors that are insensitive to the phase fluctuations is proposed, whose outputs are used to determine the relationship between adjacent symbols. Good performance is achieved for a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as low as -10 dB based on at-sea data. While the method can be applied to signaling using short code sequences, the focus in this paper is on long code sequences for the purpose of achieving a high processing gain (at the expense of a low data rate), so that communications can be carried out at a low input SNR to minimize the probability of detection (P(D)) by an interceptor. P(D) is calculated for a typical shallow water environment as a function of range for several source levels assuming a broadband energy detector with a known signal bandwidth. [DOI: 10.1121/1.2996329]
C1 [Yang, T. C.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Yang, Wen-Bin] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Yang, TC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM yang@wave.nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research; NRL Acoustic Division [TREX04]
FX This work is supported by the Office of Naval Research. We are grateful
to the NRL Acoustic Division personnel who supported and conducted the
TREX04 experiment.
NR 19
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 9
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 124
IS 6
BP 3632
EP 3647
DI 10.1121/1.2996329
PG 16
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 398XS
UT WOS:000262765600030
PM 19206792
ER
PT J
AU Finneran, JJ
AF Finneran, James J.
TI Modified variance ratio for objective detection of transient evoked
potentials in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID BRAIN-STEM RESPONSE; FALSE KILLER WHALE; EQUAL ENERGY HYPOTHESIS;
HEARING SENSITIVITY; AUDITORY-SYSTEM; OTOACOUSTIC EMISSIONS;
PSEUDORCA-CRASSIDENS; THRESHOLD SHIFT; GAUSSIAN-NOISE; AUDIOMETRY
AB Evoked potential studies have often relied on one or more human observers to visually assess the averaged waveforms and decide if a response is present. Although simple and easy to implement, response detection strategies based on human observers are inherently subjective and depend on the observers' experience and biases. To avoid these shortcomings, some recent marine animal studies utilizing auditory steady-state responses have applied frequency-domain, statistically based objective detection methods; however, statistically based objective methods have not yet been applied to marine animal tests involving transient evoked responses, which are normally analyzed in the time domain. The present study applied a modified version of the variance ratio F(SP) to determine the presence or absence of evoked responses in two bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) stimulated with tone pips. The appropriate degrees of freedom for the statistical tests were empirically determined in four dolphins. The modified variance ratio was found to be a useful tool and to provide an objective statistical approach for the detection of transient evoked potentials. [DOI: 10.1121/1.2996320]
C1 [Finneran, James J.] USN, Marine Mammal Program Space, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[Finneran, James J.] USN, Warfare Syst Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Finneran, JJ (reprint author), USN, Marine Mammal Program Space, Code 71510,53560 Hull St, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
FU Office of Naval Research
FX The author wishes to thank Carolyn Schlundt and Randall Dear for
assistance with data collection and Linda Green, Me.-an Tormey, and Erik
Robinson for animal training. Brian Branstetter and Dorian Houser
provided helpful comments on the manuscript. Financial support was
provided by the Office of Naval Research.
NR 57
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 124
IS 6
BP 4069
EP 4082
DI 10.1121/1.2996320
PG 14
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 398XS
UT WOS:000262765600067
PM 19206829
ER
PT J
AU Hoffmann, WC
Walker, TW
Fritz, BK
Gwinn, T
Smith, VL
Szumlas, D
Quinn, B
Lan, Y
Huang, Y
Sykes, D
AF Hoffmann, W. C.
Walker, T. W.
Fritz, B. K.
Gwinn, T.
Smith, V. L.
Szumlas, D.
Quinn, B.
Lan, Y.
Huang, Y.
Sykes, D.
TI SPRAY CHARACTERIZATION OF THERMAL FOGGING EQUIPMENT TYPICALLY USED IN
VECTOR CONTROL
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Atomization; droplet size; sprayer; thermal fogger; vector control
ID ULTRA-LOW VOLUME; ADULT MOSQUITOS; MALATHION; AEROSOLS; FOGS
AB Droplet size spectra from different sprayers used to generate insecticide-laden fogs for controlling flying insects were measured by a laser diffraction instrument and Teflon-coated slides. The objectives of this work were to present not only information on spray-system droplet size generated by different sprayers, but to compare methodologies by which other similar systems can be evaluated and give applicatiors sprayer-system performance data. Data from 45 replicated spray tests, comprising 11 sprayers and 5 pesticides. showed a wide range in the droplet size spectra produced. The volume median diameter measurementes ranged from 2.6 to 75.7 mu m for diesel-diluted sprays and from 27.9 to 59.9 mu m for water-diluted sprays. Similarly, the percent volume <20 mu m ranged between 12.0-100% and 8.5-30.7% , for diesel and water-diluted sprays, respectively. The droplet sizes measured by the swinging slide and laser diffraction methods were not consistent. The information presented aids users in sprayer selection and operation to produce the specific droplet size spectra required for a particular application.
C1 [Hoffmann, W. C.; Fritz, B. K.; Lan, Y.; Huang, Y.] USDA ARS, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
[Walker, T. W.; Smith, V. L.; Szumlas, D.] USN, Entomol Ctr Excellence, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA.
[Gwinn, T.] ADAPCO, Sanford, FL 32773 USA.
[Quinn, B.] USDA ARS, Mosquito & Fly Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA.
[Sykes, D.] B&G Chem & Equipment Co, Dallas, TX 75334 USA.
RP Hoffmann, WC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, 2771 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
FU U.S. Department of Defense
FX This study was Supported in part by a grant from the Deployed
War-Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program, funded by the U.S.
Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board
(AFPMB). The authors would also like to thank the equipment and chemical
manufacturers for their participation the project. The authors Would
like to acknowledge M. Thornton for her assistance with the collection
and analyses of the Teflon-coated slide data.
NR 31
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U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC
PI EATONTOWN
PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA
SN 8756-971X
J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR
JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 4
BP 550
EP 559
DI 10.2987/08-5779.1
PG 10
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 388GJ
UT WOS:000262008000013
PM 19181064
ER
PT J
AU Hogsette, JA
Hanafi, HA
Bernier, UR
Kline, DL
Fawaz, EY
Furman, BD
Hoel, DF
AF Hogsette, Jerome A.
Hanafi, Hanafi A.
Bernier, Ulrich R.
Kline, Daniel L.
Fawaz, Emad Y.
Furman, Barry D.
Hoel, David F.
TI DISCOVERY OF DIURNAL RESTING SITES OF PHLEBOTOMINE SAND FLIES IN A
VILLAGE IN SOUTHERN EGYPT
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Habitats; backpack aspirator; phlebotomus papatasi; Sergentomyia
schwetzi; Aswan
ID SANDFLIES
AB In an attempt to find diurnal resting sites of adult phlebotomine sand flies, potential phlebotomine adult habitats were aspirated in the village of Bahrif in Aswan, Egypt. During this survey, sand flies were aspirated from low (30-45 cm high) irregular piles of mud bricks found under high date palm canonpies between the village and the Nile River. There were 5 males and 7 females of Phlebotomus Papatasi and 3 males of Sergentomyia schwetzi. Six of the 7 aspirated females were engorged with blood. A total of 78 sand flies was captured on 3 glue boards placed overnight on the ground next to the mud bricks. Attempts to aspirate sand flies from adjacent walls and plants were unsuccessful. The identification of dirunal resting sites in less structured habitats may ultimately lead to more effective adult sand fly control.
C1 [Hogsette, Jerome A.; Bernier, Ulrich R.; Kline, Daniel L.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA.
[Hanafi, Hanafi A.; Fawaz, Emad Y.; Furman, Barry D.] US Navy Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt.
[Hoel, David F.] USN, Navy Marine Corps Publ Hlth Ctr Detachment, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA.
RP Hogsette, JA (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA.
FU U.S. Department of Defense; Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB)
FX We thank S.S. El-Hossary for identification of the sand flies at
NAMRU-3. This Study was partly supported by the Deployed War-Fighter
Protection (DWFP) Research Program, funded by the U.S. Department of
Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB). The
views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of
the Navy, Department of Defense, nor the U.S. Government. Two Coauthors
are military service members and 5 coauthors are employees of the U.S.
Government. This work was prepared as part of our official duties. Title
17 U.S,C. 105 provides that -Copyright protection Under this title is
not available for any work of the United States Government." Title 17
U.S.C. 101 defines a U.S. Government work as a work prepared by a
military service member or employee of the U.S. Government as part of
that person's official duties.
NR 8
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC
PI EATONTOWN
PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA
SN 8756-971X
J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR
JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 4
BP 601
EP 603
DI 10.2987/08-5789.1
PG 3
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 388GJ
UT WOS:000262008000023
PM 19181074
ER
PT J
AU Wu, DL
Eckermann, SD
AF Wu, Dong L.
Eckermann, Stephen D.
TI Global Gravity Wave Variances from Aura MLS: Characteristics and
Interpretation
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROWAVE LIMB SOUNDER; ATMOSPHERE RESEARCH SATELLITE; STRATOSPHERIC
MOUNTAIN WAVES; AMSU-A RADIANCES; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; LATITUDINAL
VARIATIONS; SOLVE/THESEO 2000; RADIOSONDE DATA; NUMBER SPECTRA; EOS MLS
AB The gravity wave (GW)-resolving capabilities of 118-GHz saturated thermal radiances acquired throughout the stratosphere by the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) on the Aura satellite are investigated and initial results presented. Because the saturated (optically thick) radiances resolve GW perturbations from a given altitude at different horizontal locations, variances are evaluated at 12 pressure altitudes between similar to 21 and 51 km using the 40 saturated radiances found at the bottom of each limb scan. Forward modeling simulations show that these variances are controlled mostly by GWs with vertical wavelengths lambda(z) > 5 km and horizontal along-track wavelengths of lambda(y) similar to 100-200 km. The tilted cigar-shaped three-dimensional weighting functions yield highly selective responses to GWs of high intrinsic frequency that propagate toward the instrument. The latter property is used to infer the net meridional component of GW propagation by differencing the variances acquired from ascending (A) and descending (D) orbits. Because of improved vertical resolution and sensitivity, Aura MLS GW variances are similar to 5-8 times larger than those from the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) MLS. Like UARS MLS variances, monthly-mean Aura MLS variances in January and July 2005 are enhanced when local background wind speeds are large, due largely to GW visibility effects. Zonal asymmetries in variance maps reveal enhanced GW activity at high latitudes due to forcing by flow over major mountain ranges and at tropical and subtropical latitudes due to enhanced deep convective generation as inferred from contemporaneous MLS cloud-ice data. At 21-28-km altitude ( heights not measured by the UARS MLS), GW variance in the tropics is systematically enhanced and shows clear variations with the phase of the quasi-biennial oscillation, in general agreement with GW temperature variances derived from radiosonde, rocketsonde, and limb-scan vertical profiles. GW-induced temperature variances at similar to 44-km altitude derived from operational global analysis fields of the ECMWF Integrated Forecast System in August 2006 reveal latitudinal bands of enhanced GW variance and preferred GW meridional propagation directions that are similar to those inferred from the MLS variances, highlighting the potential of MLS GW data for validating the stratospheric GWs simulated and/or parameterized in global models.
C1 [Wu, Dong L.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Eckermann, Stephen D.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Wu, DL (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, M-S 183-701,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM dong.l.wu@jpl.nasa.gov
RI Wu, Dong/D-5375-2012
FU NASA [NNH04ZYS004N]
FX This work was supported by NASA program NNH04ZYS004N ("Measurements,
Modeling, and Analyses in Support of Aura and Other Satellite
Observations of the Earth's Atmosphere"). DLW's research was performed
at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of
Technology under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration ( NASA) and supported by the NASA Aura project. SDE
acknowledges additional support from NASA's Geospace Sciences SR&T
Program. We thank the UK Met Office for providing stratospheric wind
analyses and the ECMWF for providing TL799L91 IFS analysis
data. Assistance from Dr. Evan Fishbein in accessing the ECMWF data is
also acknowledged. Finally, we thank the JPL MLS team for successful
instrument development, operation, and data processing, and three
anonymous reviewers for valuable comments on the original manuscript.
NR 73
TC 64
Z9 66
U1 3
U2 15
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
EI 1520-0469
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 65
IS 12
BP 3695
EP 3718
DI 10.1175/2008JAS2489.1
PG 24
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 387ZP
UT WOS:000261990400005
ER
PT J
AU Lennon, CG
McGowan, JM
Lin, KY
AF Lennon, C. G.
McGowan, J. M.
Lin, K. Y.
TI A game-theoretic model for repeated assignment problem between two
selfish agents
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPERATIONAL RESEARCH SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE resource allocation; game theory; Markov chain; prisoner's dilemma;
token bank
ID OPTIMAL FLOW-CONTROL; SEQUENTIAL ASSIGNMENT; M/M/1 QUEUE; ALLOCATION;
SYSTEM
AB This paper addresses a distributed system where a manager needs to assign a piece of equipment repeatedly between two selfish agents. On each day, each agent may encounter a task-routine or valuable-and can request the use of the manager's equipment to perform the task. Because the equipment benefits a valuable task more than a routine task, the manager wants to assign the equipment to a valuable task whenever possible. The two selfish agents, however, are only concerned with their own reward and do not have incentive to report their task types truthfully. To improve the system's overall performance, we design a token system such that an agent needs to spend tokens from his token bank to bid for the equipment. The two selfish agents become two players in a two-person non-zero-sum game. We find the Nash equilibrium of this game, and use numerical examples to illustrate the benefit of the token system.
C1 [Lin, K. Y.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Lin, KY (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, 1411 Cunningham Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM kylin@nps.edu
FU Research Initiation Program at the Naval Postgraduate School
FX This work is supported by Research Initiation Program at the Naval
Postgraduate School. The authors would like to thank Steven Pilnick, an
anonymous reviewer, and an editor for several helpful comments.
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD
PI BASINGSTOKE
PA BRUNEL RD BLDG, HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HANTS, ENGLAND
SN 0160-5682
J9 J OPER RES SOC
JI J. Oper. Res. Soc.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 59
IS 12
BP 1652
EP 1658
DI 10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602518
PG 7
WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science
SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science
GA 372TP
UT WOS:000260925200008
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, H
Kefelian, F
Crane, S
Lopez, O
Lours, M
Millo, J
Holleville, D
Lemonde, P
Chardonnet, C
Amy-Klein, A
Santarelli, G
AF Jiang, H.
Kefelian, F.
Crane, S.
Lopez, O.
Lours, M.
Millo, J.
Holleville, D.
Lemonde, P.
Chardonnet, Ch.
Amy-Klein, A.
Santarelli, G.
TI Long-distance frequency transfer over an urban fiber link using optical
phase stabilization
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID STABILITY; UNCERTAINTY; STANDARDS; CLOCK
AB We transferred the frequency of an ultrastable laser over 86 km of urban fiber. The link is composed of two cascaded 43 km fibers connecting two laboratories, Laboratoire National de Metrologie et d'Essais-Systemes de Reference Temps-Espace (LNE-SYRTE) and Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers (LPL), in the Paris area. In an effort to realistically demonstrate a link of 172 km without using spooled fiber extensions, we implemented a recirculation loop to double the length of the urban fiber link. The link is fed with a 1542 nm cavity-stabilized fiber laser having a sub-Hz linewidth. The fiber-induced phase noise is measured and cancelled with an all fiber-based interferometer using commercial off-the-shelf pigtailed telecommunication components. The compensated link shows an Allan deviation of a few 10(-16) at one second and a few 10(-19) at 10,000 seconds. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Jiang, H.; Crane, S.; Lours, M.; Millo, J.; Holleville, D.; Lemonde, P.; Santarelli, G.] Observ Paris, LNE SYRTE, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Jiang, H.; Crane, S.; Lours, M.; Millo, J.; Holleville, D.; Lemonde, P.; Santarelli, G.] CNRS, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Kefelian, F.; Lopez, O.; Chardonnet, Ch.; Amy-Klein, A.] CNRS, LPL, UMR 7538, F-93430 Villetaneuse, France.
[Kefelian, F.; Lopez, O.; Chardonnet, Ch.; Amy-Klein, A.] Univ Paris 13, F-93430 Villetaneuse, France.
[Crane, S.] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA.
RP Santarelli, G (reprint author), Observ Paris, LNE SYRTE, 61 Ave Observ, F-75014 Paris, France.
EM giorgio.santarelli@obspm.fr
RI jiang, haifeng/F-1080-2011; jiang, haifeng/A-6637-2011
FU Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [BLAN06-3_144016]
FX We acknowledge funding support from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche
(ANR BLAN06-3_144016). SYRTE is a Unite Mixte de Recherche of CNRS,
Observatoire de Paris, and Universite Pierre et Marie Curie.
NR 25
TC 97
Z9 102
U1 4
U2 18
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0740-3224
J9 J OPT SOC AM B
JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 25
IS 12
BP 2029
EP 2035
DI 10.1364/JOSAB.25.002029
PG 7
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 389MC
UT WOS:000262096000030
ER
PT J
AU Walker, DR
Bashkansky, M
Gulian, A
Fatemi, FK
Steiner, M
AF Walker, D. R.
Bashkansky, M.
Gulian, A.
Fatemi, F. K.
Steiner, M.
TI Stabilizing slow light delay in stimulated Brillouin scattering using a
Faraday rotator mirror
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID BIREFRINGENT OPTICAL MEDIA; POLARIZATION ORTHOGONALITY;
COUNTERPROPAGATING WAVES; PRESERVATION; SINGLE; FIBERS
AB The delay of the Stokes beam in stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is sensitive to the polarization alignment between the pump and the Stokes. Typically, waveguides exhibit a birefringence that causes beams launched from opposite ends to have fluctuating and suboptimal alignment. We demonstrate in an optical fiber that using a Faraday rotator mirror not only overcomes this problem, but also enhances SBS slow light delay. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Walker, D. R.; Gulian, A.; Steiner, M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Gulian, A.] SFA Inc, Frederick, MD 21701 USA.
RP Walker, DR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5312, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM david.r.walker@nrl.navy.mil
FU U.S. Office of Naval Research; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
(DARPA); Defense Sciences Office (DSO); National Research Council
Research; Naval Research Laboratory
FX This research was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research and the
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Defense Sciences
Office (DSO) Slow Light Program. This research was performed while D. R.
W held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the
Naval Research Laboratory.
NR 10
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0740-3224
J9 J OPT SOC AM B
JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 25
IS 12
BP C61
EP C64
DI 10.1364/JOSAB.25.000C61
PG 4
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 389MC
UT WOS:000262096000009
ER
PT J
AU Roehrig, T
AF Roehrig, Terence
TI The Dispute over the Northern Limit Line: Toward a Negotiated Settlement
SO KOREA OBSERVER
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Meeting of the American-Political-Science-Association
CY AUG 28-31, 2008
CL Boston, MA
SP Amer Polit Sci Assoc
DE Northern Limit Line; North Korea; South Korea; Maritime Boundary; Law of
the Sea
AB At the end of the Korean War, the United Nations Command promulgated the Northern Limit Line (NLL) as a maritime boundary between North and South Korea. Pyongyang insists the line is illegal and should be redrawn while Seoul maintains the line is essential for its security and will remain as it is. In 1999 and again in 2002, North and South Korean naval forces clashed along the NLL reminding all of the potential danger that remains over this possible flashpoint. This paper will examine the dispute over the NLL, what is at stake for both Koreas, and possible solutions to address the issue.
C1 [Roehrig, Terence] USN, War Coll, Natl Secur Decis Making Dept, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM terence.roehrig@nwc.navy.mil
NR 29
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU INST KOREAN STUDIES
PI SEOUL
PA CPO BOX 3410, SEOUL, 100-364, SOUTH KOREA
SN 0023-3919
J9 KOREA OBS
JI Korea Obs.
PD WIN
PY 2008
VL 39
IS 4
BP 507
EP 537
PG 31
WC Area Studies; International Relations
SC Area Studies; International Relations
GA 389TE
UT WOS:000262116600003
ER
PT J
AU Forohar, F
Bellitto, VJ
Koppes, WM
Whitaker, C
AF Forohar, Farhad
Bellitto, Victor J.
Koppes, William M.
Whitaker, Craig
TI The adsorption of hydrazoic acid on single-walled carbon nanotubes
SO MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbon nanotubes; Hydrazoic acid; Iron; Nickel; IR
ID AZIDE; FUNCTIONALIZATION; NO2; CHEMISORPTION; DERIVATIVES; MYOGLOBIN;
AMMONIA; SPECTRA
AB The interaction between commercially available Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWNTs) and gaseous hydrazoic acid (HN3) was studied using attenuated total reflectance FTIR spectroscopy. Whether the HN3 gas reacts with SWNTs through physisorption or chemisorption was analyzed. This study shows that under ambient conditions gaseous HN3 reacted with the metal such as Ni or Fe present in the SWNTs to generate the corresponding metal azides. The data also suggest that the nanotube walls did not react to gaseous HN3 upon repeated exposures at ambient conditions. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Forohar, Farhad; Bellitto, Victor J.; Koppes, William M.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
[Whitaker, Craig] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Forohar, F (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, 101 Strauss Ave,Bldg 600, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
EM farhad.forohar@navy.mil; cwhitake@usna.edu
FU NASEA/IHDIV
FX The authors thank Dr. Thomas P. Russell and the Indian Head Division
CORE research program for supporting this basic research. Drs. Karl
Christe and Thomas M. Klapotke are acknowledged for their suggestions on
safe handling of hydrazoic acid. The financial support of NASEA/IHDIV is
also greatly appreciated.
NR 30
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0254-0584
J9 MATER CHEM PHYS
JI Mater. Chem. Phys.
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 112
IS 2
BP 427
EP 431
DI 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2008.05.076
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 374DH
UT WOS:000261022200023
ER
PT J
AU Kress, M
Lin, KY
Szechtman, R
AF Kress, Moshe
Lin, Kyle Y.
Szechtman, Roberto
TI Optimal discrete search with imperfect specificity
SO MATHEMATICAL METHODS OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Discrete search; Imperfect specificity; uniformly optimal
AB A target is hidden in one of several possible locations, and the objective is to find the target as fast as possible. One common measure of effectiveness for the search process is the expected time of the search. This type of search optimization problem has been addressed and solved in the literature for the case where the searcher has imperfect sensitivity (possible false negative results), but perfect specificity (no false positive detections). In this paper, which is motivated by recent military and homeland security search situations, we extend the results to the case where the search is subject to false positive detections.
C1 [Kress, Moshe; Lin, Kyle Y.; Szechtman, Roberto] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Kress, M (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
OI Lin, Kyle/0000-0002-3769-1891
FU Office of Naval Research; Research Initiation Program at the Naval
Postgraduate School
FX This research is partially supported by the Office of Naval Research and
the Research Initiation Program at the Naval Postgraduate School.
NR 13
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1432-2994
J9 MATH METHOD OPER RES
JI Math. Method Oper. Res.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 68
IS 3
BP 539
EP 549
DI 10.1007/s00186-007-0197-2
PG 11
WC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied
SC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics
GA 400GF
UT WOS:000262855300008
ER
PT J
AU Kinney, WA
Smith, GB
AF Kinney, W. A.
Smith, G. B.
TI The potential for aircraft noise reduction through active suppression
from a ground-based system
SO MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTERS IN SIMULATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Active acoustic control; Aircraft noise reduction
ID SOUND CANCELING SYSTEMS; ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE; PERFORMANCE
AB The feasibility of devising ground-based active noise suppression systems for aircraft which are on the ground and in the air is considered. Detailed numerical calculations are given for various geometries involving an aircraft, sound cancelling sources, reference microphones as well as correction microphones. The calculations are for broadband noise based on a frequency spectrum typical of a jet aircraft. For an aircraft on the ground (during engine run-up and during takeoff from a runway), calculations indicate that noise suppression is both feasible and practical. For an aircraft in the air, while noise suppression is feasible, it is not necessarily practical due to the fact that the most advantageous locations for the suppressing control sources are midway between the ground and the flight path. However, this may not preclude a limited application for very confined areas and for aircraft at relatively low altitudes. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of IMACS.
C1 [Kinney, W. A.; Smith, G. B.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Kinney, WA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7185, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM kinney@nrlssc.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research [62236N]
FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research, Code 0 1
SW, P.E. 62236N.
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-4754
J9 MATH COMPUT SIMULAT
JI Math. Comput. Simul.
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 3
BP 339
EP 351
DI 10.1016/j.matcom.2007.12.005
PG 13
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science,
Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied
SC Computer Science; Mathematics
GA 383WF
UT WOS:000261704200009
ER
PT J
AU Looney, RE
AF Looney, Robert E.
TI Globalization and geopolitics in the Middle East: Old games, new rules
SO MIDDLE EAST JOURNAL
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Looney, Robert E.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Washington, DC 20350 USA.
RP Looney, RE (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Washington, DC 20350 USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MIDDLE EAST INST
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1761 N ST NW, CIRCULATION DEPT, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2882 USA
SN 0026-3141
J9 MIDDLE EAST J
JI Middle East J.
PD WIN
PY 2008
VL 62
IS 1
BP 168
EP 169
PG 2
WC Area Studies
SC Area Studies
GA 254JJ
UT WOS:000252582600027
ER
PT J
AU Podraza, J
Roberts, TA
AF Podraza, John
Roberts, Timothy A.
TI Identification, Evaluation, and Management of Pediatric Obesity in
Military Academic and Nonacademic Settings
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
AB Objective: The goal was to evaluate the recognition and management of pediatric obesity in an academic military medical treatment facility and an affiliated branch medical clinic. Methods: Retrospective chart review of 1,876 well-child visits for patients 4 to 17 years of age was performed, comparing compliance with obesity screening recommendations. Results: A total of 16.7% of patients were obese. The proportion of obese patients was greater at the branch clinic, but providers in the medical treatment facility had a higher obesity recognition rate (40% vs. 26%). Thirty-one percent of obese patients at both locations were noted to have hypertension. Providers at the medical treatment facility performed significantly better in documentation of hypertension and screening for orthopedic complications. Branch clinic providers performed better in screening for abdominal complaints. Conclusions: A high percentage of military dependents presenting for well-child care are obese. Overall screening and intervention rates were poor. but rates were slightly better at the medical treatment facility.
C1 [Podraza, John; Roberts, Timothy A.] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Pediat, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
RP Podraza, J (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Pediat, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
NR 13
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 12
BP 1199
EP 1202
PG 4
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA V11ZO
UT WOS:000207569700013
PM 19149339
ER
PT J
AU Lin, A
Cavendish, J
Boren, D
Ofstad, T
Seidensticker, D
AF Lin, Andrew
Cavendish, Jeffrey
Boren, Denise
Ofstad, Trish
Seidensticker, Daniel
TI A Pilot Study: Reports of Benefits from a 6-Month, Multidisciplinary,
Shared Medical Appointment Approach for Heart Failure Patients
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
AB Heart failure continues to be the leading cause of hospitalization among older adults. Noncompliance with medications, dietary indiscretion, failure to recognize symptoms, and failed social support systems contribute to increased morbidity. Multidisciplinary medical approaches have proven successful for heart failure. In 2004, the Naval Medical Center San Diego started a multidisciplinary shared medical appointment for patients with complicated cases of heart failure. Patients enrolled in the heart failure clinic were monitored prospectively for 6 months. Validated questionnaires concerning satisfaction with care, self-care management, depression, and quality-of-life measures were administered at baseline and 6 months after enrollment. Thirty-nine individuals were enrolled in the clinic, with 33 completing 6 months of follow-up monitoring to date. Hospital admissions for any cause decreased from 11 to eight, whereas congestive heart failure-related admissions decreased from four to two. There was a total of six deaths. During the 6 months of enrollment, use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and beta-receptor blockers had absolute increases of 20% and 19%, respectively. Statistically significant improvements were seen in the Beck Depression Inventory and Self-Care Management Index results. A multidisciplinary approach to heart failure patients using the shared medical appointment model can improve patient satisfaction, enhance quality of life, and help reduce hospitalizations while improving provider efficiency.
C1 [Lin, Andrew; Cavendish, Jeffrey; Boren, Denise; Ofstad, Trish; Seidensticker, Daniel] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Div Cardiol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
RP Lin, A (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Div Cardiol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
NR 13
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 2
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 12
BP 1210
EP 1213
PG 4
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA V11ZO
UT WOS:000207569700015
PM 19149341
ER
PT J
AU Duplessis, C
Fothergill, D
Gertner, J
Hughes, L
Schwaller, D
AF Duplessis, Christopher
Fothergill, David
Gertner, Jeff
Hughes, Linda
Schwaller, Derek
TI A Pilot Study Evaluating Surfactant on Eustachian Tube Function in
Divers
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
AB Background: Middle ear barotrauma (MEBT) is the most common medical complication in diving, aviation, and hyperbaric medicine. Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) quantifies the inability to open the eustachian tube (ET), risking MEBT. Surfactant administration improved ET function and efficaciously treated otitis media in a host of animal models. We performed a pilot study evaluating the efficacy of intranasal surfactant administration in reducing MEBT in repetitive diving. Methods: Eight divers participated in a subject-blinded, placebo-controlled, random order, multiarm (air and O(2))-repeated measures trial investigating the relative efficacy of intranasally administered surfactant, acetylcysteine and Oxymetazoline, and orally administered pseudoephedrine versus saline-placebo in middle ear equilibration during repetitive, multiday diving. Subjects were tested with the Nine-Step Inflation/Deflation Tympanometry Test (NSI/DT) and sonotubometry (testing eustachian tube opening pressure [ETOP]) before and immediately after each dive. Results: Significant interaction effects were found for drug-by-test (Fm(8,668) = 4.05; p < 0.001) and the three-way interaction of drug-by-dive-by-test (F(16, 668) = 2.47; p = 0.001) in sonotubometry testing. The ETOP revealed trends toward lowered (improved) values post- versus predive in all treatment arms, which was significant for oxymetazoline (p = 0.04). Only four of the eight subjects experienced any holds during diving. Statistical analysis of the NSI/DT data showed that none of the drug interventions resulted in improvements in ET function over that expected by chance. Conclusions: There is large intra- and intersubject variability in daily functioning of the ET as measured using, the NSI/DT and sonotubomtery (ETOP). Sonotubometry engendered trends toward lowered (improved) values post- versus predive in all treatment arms. The repetitive dives did not result in a significant decrease in ET function as evidenced in the saline-placebo trials, circumventing an ability to detect superiority among the various treatment arms in our subject population. Additionally, since our study was underpowered to detect significant effects, we can only assert that various inhalational agents may improve middle ear ventilation in repetitive diving warranting further study. A larger subject population including subjects diagnosed with ET dysfunction may provide more statistical power to discern the benefit of inhaled agents as a useful prophylactic for preventing or reducing ET dysfunction during diving and/or hyperbaric/hypobaric pressure changes.
C1 [Duplessis, Christopher; Fothergill, David; Gertner, Jeff; Hughes, Linda; Schwaller, Derek] USN, Submarine Med Res Lab, Naval Submarine Base New London, Groton, CT 06349 USA.
RP Duplessis, C (reprint author), USN, Submarine Med Res Lab, Naval Submarine Base New London, Box 900, Groton, CT 06349 USA.
FU Ross Division of Abbott Laboratories; Biowarfare Initiatives Steering
Committee
FX This study was supported by a grant in the form of the surfactant
product (Survanta) from the Ross Division of Abbott Laboratories. We
also thank the Biowarfare Initiatives Steering Committee for financial
support.
NR 17
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 12
BP 1225
EP 1232
PG 8
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA V11ZO
UT WOS:000207569700018
PM 19149344
ER
PT J
AU Pothula, V
Saegusa, E
Takekoshi, D
Edson, T
Ignacio, R
AF Pothula, Viswanadham
Saegusa, Emi
Takekoshi, Daisuke
Edson, Theodore
Ignacio, Romeo
TI Splenic Syndrome: A Rare Indication for Splenectomy
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
AB Splenic infarction due to sickle cell trait and high-altitude stress has been reported in the literature. Contributing factors leading to infarction are degree of altitude stress and status of physical condition. Medical therapy, which consists of evacuation from high altitude, intravenous fluids, supplemental oxygen, and pain control, has been the mainstay of treatment. However, some patients require surgical intervention. We describe six patients with sickle cell trait who sustained splenic infarctions due to high-altitude stress; two of these patients required splenectomy for near-total splenic necrosis and intractable pain. A review of the literature demonstrates that the common indications for splenectomy are splenic rupture, extensive splenic necrosis, or persistent abdominal pain.
C1 [Pothula, Viswanadham] US Navy, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan.
[Pothula, Viswanadham; Saegusa, Emi] US Naval Hosp, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan.
[Takekoshi, Daisuke] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, New York, NY 10003 USA.
[Edson, Theodore] USN Hosp, Camp Pendleton, CA 92055 USA.
[Ignacio, Romeo] USN, Louisville, KY 40245 USA.
[Ignacio, Romeo] Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40245 USA.
RP Pothula, V (reprint author), US Navy, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan.
EM viswanadham.pothula@med.navy.mil
NR 23
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 12
BP 1233
EP 1237
PG 5
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA V11ZO
UT WOS:000207569700019
PM 19149345
ER
PT J
AU Miller, KE
Solomon, DJ
AF Miller, Kyle E.
Solomon, Daniel J.
TI Paralabral Rupture of the Proximal Biceps Tendon from Light
Weightlifting
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
AB Rupture of the long head of the biceps is usually seen in older adults, in conjunction with rotator cuff tears or tenosynovitis secondary to chronic subacromial impingement; it is rarely seen as a result of trauma. We present the case of a young active patient who denied prodromal symptoms but ruptured the long head of the biceps brachii tendon (LHB) while performing 25-pound biceps curls. Upon examination, the patient was noted to have a readily apparent biceps defect and decreased strength. He was brought to the operating room, where open subpectoral tenodesis of the LHB was performed. At the 6-week follow-up evaluation, the patient had regained full range of motion. By 6 months, he had regained his previous strength. This case demonstrates an unusual presentation of a LHB rupture in a young healthy man with no prodromal symptoms.
C1 [Miller, Kyle E.] USN, Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
[Solomon, Daniel J.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Sports Med & Shoulder Serv, Dept Orthopaed Surg, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
RP Miller, KE (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 3
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 12
BP 1238
EP 1240
PG 3
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA V11ZO
UT WOS:000207569700020
PM 19149346
ER
PT J
AU Bishop, CH
Shanley, KT
AF Bishop, Craig H.
Shanley, Kevin T.
TI Bayesian Model Averaging's Problematic Treatment of Extreme Weather and
a Paradigm Shift That Fixes It
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID ENSEMBLE PREDICTION SYSTEM; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE FORECASTS; PROBABILISTIC
FORECASTS; KALMAN FILTER; DRESSING KERNEL; INFORMATION
AB Methods of ensemble postprocessing in which continuous probability density functions are constructed from ensemble forecasts by centering functions around each of the ensemble members have come to be called Bayesian model averaging (BMA) or "dressing" methods. Here idealized ensemble forecasting experiments are used to show that these methods are liable to produce systematically unreliable probability forecasts of climatologically extreme weather. It is argued that the failure of these methods is linked to an assumption that the distribution of truth given the forecast can be sampled by adding stochastic perturbations to state estimates, even when these state estimates have a realistic climate. It is shown that this assumption is incorrect, and it is argued that such dressing techniques better describe the likelihood distribution of historical ensemble-mean forecasts given the truth for certain values of the truth. This paradigm shift leads to an approach that incorporates prior climatological information into BMA ensemble postprocessing through Bayes's theorem. This new approach is shown to cure BMA's ill treatment of extreme weather by providing a posterior BMA distribution whose probabilistic forecasts are reliable for both extreme and nonextreme weather forecasts.
C1 [Bishop, Craig H.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Shanley, Kevin T.] Clarkson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Potsdam, NY USA.
RP Bishop, CH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2,Bldg 702,Room 212, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM bishop@nrlmry.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research; NOAA THORPEX [NA04AANRG0233]
FX CHB acknowledges support from the Office of Naval Research. KTS
acknowledges support from NOAA THORPEX Grant NA04AANRG0233.
NR 21
TC 8
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 136
IS 12
BP 4641
EP 4652
DI 10.1175/2008MWR2565.1
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 394SD
UT WOS:000262467000007
ER
PT J
AU Doyle, JD
Reynolds, CA
AF Doyle, James D.
Reynolds, Carolyn A.
TI Implications of Regime Transitions for Mountain-Wave-Breaking
Predictability
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION; UPPER BOUNDARY-CONDITION; LIMITED-AREA
MODEL; GRAVITY-WAVES; MESOSCALE PREDICTABILITY; DOWNSLOPE WINDSTORMS;
DRAG PARAMETRIZATION; FLOW; DYNAMICS; SIMULATION
AB A suite of high-resolution two-dimensional ensemble simulations are used to investigate the predictability of mountain waves, wave breaking, and downslope windstorms. For relatively low hills and mountains, perturbation growth is weak and ensemble spread is small. Gravity waves and wave breaking associated with higher mountains exhibit rapid perturbation growth and large ensemble variance. Near the regime boundary between mountain waves and wave breaking, a bimodal response is apparent with large ensemble variance. Several ensemble members exhibit a trapped wave response and others reveal a hydraulic jump and large-amplitude breaking in the stratosphere. The bimodality of the wave response brings into question the appropriateness of commonly used ensemble statistics, such as the ensemble mean, in these situations. Small uncertainties in the initial state within observational error limits result in significant ensemble spread in the strength of the downslope wind speed, wave breaking, and wave momentum flux. These results indicate that the theoretical transition across the regime boundary for gravity wave breaking can be interpreted as a finite-width or blurred transition zone from a practical predictability standpoint.
C1 [Doyle, James D.] Marine Meteorol Div, Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Doyle, JD (reprint author), Marine Meteorol Div, Naval Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM james.doyle@nrlmry.navy.mil
OI Reynolds, Carolyn/0000-0003-4690-4171
FU Office of Naval Research's Program Element [0601153N]; Department of
Defense Major Shared Resource Center
FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research's Program
Element 0601153N, with computing time supported in part by a grant of
HPC time from the Department of Defense Major Shared Resource Center at
Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio. COAMPS is a registered trademark
of the Naval Research Laboratory. Qingfang Jiang and Craig Bishop are
gratefully acknowledged for helpful discussions.
NR 49
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 136
IS 12
BP 5211
EP 5223
DI 10.1175/2008MWR2554.1
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 394SD
UT WOS:000262467000039
ER
PT J
AU Perez-Villalonga, F
Salmeron, J
Wood, K
AF Perez-Villalonga, Francisco
Salmeron, Javier
Wood, Kevin
TI Dynamic Evacuation Routes for Personnel on a Naval Ship
SO NAVAL RESEARCH LOGISTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE evacuation time; ship integrity; multi-commodity flow; nonlinear network
model
ID BUILDING EVACUATION; OPTIMIZATION; FLOWS
AB We propose a dynamic escape route system for emergency evacuation of a naval ship. The system employs signals that adapt to the causative contingency and the crew's physical distribution about the ship. A mixed-integer nonlinear programming model, with underlying network structure, optimizes the evacuation process. The network's nodes represent compartments, closures (e.g., doors and hatches) and intersections, while arcs represent various types of passageways. The obective function integrates two potentially conflicting factors: average evacuation time and the watertight and airtight integrity of the ship after evacuation. A heuristic solves the model approximately using a sequence of mixed-integer linear approximating problems. Using data for a Spanish frigate, with standard static routes specified by the ship's designers, computational tests show that the dynamic system can reduce average evacuation times, nearly 23%, and call improve a combined measure of ship integrity by LIP to 50%. In addition, plausible design changes to the frigate yield further, substantial improvements. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 55:785-799.2008
C1 [Salmeron, Javier; Wood, Kevin] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Perez-Villalonga, Francisco] Navy Spain, Minist Def, Madrid 28033, Spain.
RP Salmeron, J (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM jsalmero@nps.edu
OI Wood, Kevin/0000-0002-0311-8712
FU Office of Naval Research
FX The authors thank CAPT Jeffrey Kline USN (Ret.) for valuable guidance in
writing this paper, and thank the Office of Naval Research for its
support. We also thank two anonymous referees and the associate editor
for their helpful comments.
NR 29
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 13
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0894-069X
J9 NAV RES LOG
JI Nav. Res. Logist.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 55
IS 8
BP 785
EP 799
DI 10.1002/nav.20314
PG 15
WC Operations Research & Management Science
SC Operations Research & Management Science
GA 378XV
UT WOS:000261359300006
ER
PT J
AU Brown, GG
Carlyle, WM
AF Brown, Gerald G.
Carlyle, W. Matthew
TI Optimizing the US Navy's Combat Logistics Force
SO NAVAL RESEARCH LOGISTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE naval logistics; optimization; combat logistics force
AB We study how changes to the composition and employment of the US Navy combat logistic force (CLF) influence out ability to supply out navy worldwide. The CLF consists of about 30 special transport ships that carry ship and aircraft fuel, ordnance. dry stores, and food. and deliver these to client combatant ships underway, making it possible for our naval forces to operate at sea for extended periods. We have modeled CLF operations to evaluate a number of transforming initiatives that simplify its operation while supporting an even larger number of client ships for a greater variety of missions. Our input is an employment schedule for navy battle groups of ships operating worldwide, extending over a planning horizon of 90-180 days. We show how we use optimization to advise how to sustain these ships. We have used this model to evaluate new CLF ship designs, advise what number of ships in a new ship class Would be needed, test concepts For forward at-sea logistics bases in lieu of conventional ports, demonstrate the effects of changes to operating policy, and generally try to show whether and how the CLF can support planned naval operations. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals. Inc.* Naval Research Logistics 55: 800-810, 2008
C1 [Brown, Gerald G.; Carlyle, W. Matthew] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Carlyle, WM (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM mcarlyle@nps.edu
NR 15
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 5
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0894-069X
J9 NAV RES LOG
JI Nav. Res. Logist.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 55
IS 8
BP 800
EP 810
DI 10.1002/nav.20318
PG 11
WC Operations Research & Management Science
SC Operations Research & Management Science
GA 378XV
UT WOS:000261359300007
ER
PT J
AU Carlyle, WM
Royset, JO
Wood, RK
AF Carlyle, W. Matthew
Royset, Johannes O.
Wood, R. Kevin
TI Lagrangian Relaxation and Enumeration for Solving Constrained
Shortest-Path Problems
SO NETWORKS
LA English
DT Article
DE constrained shortest paths; near-shortest paths; Lagrangian relaxation;
path enumeration; label-setting algorithm
ID MULTIPLE CONSTRAINTS; ALGORITHM; SUBJECT; QUALITY
AB The constrained shortest-path problem (CSPP) generalizes the standard shortest-path problem by adding one or more path-weight side constraints. We present a new algorithm for CSPP that Lagrangianizes those constraints, optimizes the resulting Lagrangian function, identifies a feasible solution, and then closes any optimality gap by enumerating near-shortest paths, measured with respect to the Lagrangianized length. "Near-shortest" implies epsilon-optimal, with a varying c that equals the current optimality gap. The algorithm exploits a variety of techniques: a new path-enumeration method; aggregated constraints; preprocessing to eliminate edges that cannot form part of an optimal solution; "reprocessing" that reapplies preprocessing steps as improved solutions are found; and, when needed, a "phase-I procedure" to identify a feasible solution before searching for an optimal one.
The new algorithm is often an order of magnitude faster than a state-of-the-art label-setting algorithm on singly constrained randomly generated grid networks. On multiconstrained grid networks, road networks, and networks for aircraft routing the advantage varies but, overall, the new algorithm is competitive with the label-setting algorithm. 0 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.* NETWORKS, Vol. 52(4), 256-270 2008
C1 [Carlyle, W. Matthew; Royset, Johannes O.; Wood, R. Kevin] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Wood, RK (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA USA.
EM kwood@nps.edu
OI Wood, Kevin/0000-0002-0311-8712
NR 39
TC 36
Z9 39
U1 2
U2 14
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0028-3045
J9 NETWORKS
JI Networks
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 52
IS 4
BP 256
EP 270
DI 10.1002/net.20247
PG 15
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Operations Research &
Management Science
SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science
GA 380KN
UT WOS:000261464700011
ER
PT J
AU Webb, NJ
Abzug, R
AF Webb, Natalie J.
Abzug, Rikki
TI Do Occupational Group Members Vary in Volunteering Activity?
SO NONPROFIT AND VOLUNTARY SECTOR QUARTERLY
LA English
DT Article
DE occupations; volunteering; professional norms
ID VOCATIONAL INTERESTS; WORK; CULTURE; PERSONALITY; JOB; PROFESSIONALS;
COMMUNITIES; EXPERIENCE; WORKPLACE; ATTITUDES
AB The goal of our study is to explore how employees in different occupations report volunteering activities. Starting from the literatures on occupational subcultures and professional norms, the authors hypothesize that both structural constraints and norms of occupations may have an impact on extraorganizational behavior. Analyzing Center on Philanthropy Panel Study data linked with the Institute for Social Research's Panel Study on Income Dynamics, the authors find evidence that individuals in professional, managerial, and military occupations are more likely to volunteer than are individuals in other occupational categories. Controlling for individual demographic and cultural variables, they affirm the explanatory power of occupation on individual volunteering behavior.
C1 [Webb, Natalie J.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Def Resources Management Inst, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Webb, NJ (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Def Resources Management Inst, Monterey, CA USA.
NR 65
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 13
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0899-7640
J9 NONPROF VOLUNT SEC Q
JI Nonprofit Volunt. Sect. Q.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 37
IS 4
BP 689
EP 708
DI 10.1177/0899764008314809
PG 20
WC Social Issues
SC Social Issues
GA 374IX
UT WOS:000261038100006
ER
PT J
AU Sansone, FJ
Pawlak, G
Stanton, TP
McManus, MA
Glazer, BT
Decarlo, EH
Bandet, M
Sevadjian, J
Stierhoff, K
Colgrove, C
Hebert, AB
Chen, IC
AF Sansone, Francis J.
Pawlak, Geno
Stanton, Timothy P.
McManus, Margaret A.
Glazer, Brian T.
Decarlo, Eric H.
Bandet, Marion
Sevadjian, Jeffrey
Stierhoff, Kevin
Colgrove, Christopher
Hebert, Andrew B.
Chen, In Chieh
TI Kilo Nalu PHYSICAL/BIOGEOCHEMICAL DYNAMICS ABOVE AND WITHIN PERMEABLE
SEDIMENTS
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID SANDS; REEF
C1 [Sansone, Francis J.; McManus, Margaret A.; Glazer, Brian T.; Decarlo, Eric H.; Sevadjian, Jeffrey] Univ Hawaii, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Dept Oceanog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Stanton, Timothy P.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Stierhoff, Kevin] NOAA, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Colgrove, Christopher] Univ Hawaii, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Global Environm Sci Program, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Hebert, Andrew B.] Cedar Bluff Middle Sch, Knoxville, TN USA.
RP Sansone, FJ (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Dept Oceanog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM sansone@hawaii.edu
RI Glazer, Brian/C-2248-2011; Sansone, Francis/B-9915-2013; Pawlak,
Geno/F-9984-2014; Stierhoff, Kevin/A-7624-2013
OI Pawlak, Geno/0000-0003-3718-1880; Stierhoff, Kevin/0000-0002-3058-0312
NR 11
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 6
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 21
IS 4
BP 173
EP 178
PG 6
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 383UL
UT WOS:000261699100031
ER
PT J
AU Arquilla, J
AF Arquilla, John
TI Conquest in Cyberspace: National Security and Information Warfare
SO PERSPECTIVES ON POLITICS
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Arquilla, John] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Arquilla, J (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 1537-5927
J9 PERSPECT POLIT
JI Perspect. Polit.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 6
IS 4
BP 869
EP 870
DI 10.1017/S1537592708082388
PG 3
WC Political Science
SC Government & Law
GA V11HH
UT WOS:000207522200065
ER
PT J
AU Linsky, JL
Herczeg, G
Wood, BE
AF Linsky, J. L.
Herczeg, G.
Wood, B. E.
TI Reverse engineering a spectrum: using fluorescent spectra of molecular
hydrogen to recreate the missing Lyman-alpha line of pre-main sequence
stars
SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on A Steller Journey held in Honor of Bengt Gustafsson
CY JUN 23-27, 2008
CL Uppsala, SWEDEN
ID H-2 FLUORESCENCE; TW-HYDRAE
AB The hydrogen Lyman-alpha (Ly alpha) line, a major source of ionization of metals in the circumstellar disks of pre-main sequence (PMS) stars, is usually not observed due to absorption by interstellar and circumstellar hydrogen. We have developed a technique to reconstruct the intrinsic Ly alpha line using the observed emission in the H(2) B-X lines that are fluoresced by Ly alpha. We describe this technique and the subsequent analysis of the ultraviolet (UV) spectra of the TW Hya, RU Lupi and other PMS stars. We find that the reconstructed Ly alpha lines are indeed far brighter than any other feature in the UV spectra of these stars and therefore play an important role in the ionization and heating of the outer layers of circumstellar disks.
C1 [Linsky, J. L.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Linsky, J. L.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Herczeg, G.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Wood, B. E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Linsky, JL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM jlinsky@jila.colorado.edu
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0031-8949
J9 PHYS SCRIPTA
JI Phys. Scr.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL T133
AR 014018
DI 10.1088/0031-8949/2008/T133/014018
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 396HV
UT WOS:000262583700020
ER
PT J
AU Knippenberg, MT
Mikulski, PT
Dunlap, BI
Harrison, JA
AF Knippenberg, M. Todd
Mikulski, Paul T.
Dunlap, Brett I.
Harrison, Judith A.
TI Atomic contributions to friction and load for tip-self-assembled
monolayers interactions
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
DE atomic force microscopy; continuum mechanics; molecular dynamics method;
monolayers; self-assembly; shear strength; sliding friction; Young's
modulus
ID CHEMICAL FORCE MICROSCOPY; CHAIN-LENGTH DEPENDENCE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CONTACT MECHANICS; NANOTRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES;
TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; ALKANETHIOL MONOLAYERS; ALKYLSILANE MONOLAYERS;
CH3-TERMINATED FILMS
AB Scanning force microscopies (SFM) are being routinely used to examine the mechanical and tribological properties of materials with the goal of obtaining information, such as Young's Moduli and shear strengths from the experimental data [Unertl, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 17, 1779 (1999)]. Analysis of data obtained from an SFM experiment typically requires the use of continuum mechanics models to extract materials properties. When applying these models care must be taken to ensure that the experimental conditions meet the requirements of the model being applied. For example, despite many successful applications of the Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) model to SFM data, it does not take into account the presence of a compliant layer on the sample surface. Recent AFM experiments that examined the friction of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have confirmed that friction versus load data cannot be fit by the JKR model. The authors suggest that the penetration of the SAM by the tip gives rise to an additional contribution to friction due to "plowing" [Flater , Langmuir 23, 9242 (2007)]. Herein, molecular-dynamics simulations are used to study atomic contact forces between a spherical tip in sliding contact with a SAM. These simulations show that different regions around the tip contribute in unanticipated ways to the total friction between the tip and the monolayer and allow for the number and location of monolayer atoms contributing friction to be determined. The use of atomic contact forces within the monolayer, instead of forces on the rigid tip layers, allows for the contributions to friction force (and load) to be deconvoluted into forces that resist (repel) and assist (attract) tip motion. The findings presented here yield insight into the AFM experiments of SAMs and may have important consequences for the adaptation of continuum contact models for the contact between a sphere and surface where penetration into the sample is possible.
C1 [Knippenberg, M. Todd; Mikulski, Paul T.; Harrison, Judith A.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Knippenberg, M. Todd; Mikulski, Paul T.; Harrison, Judith A.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Dunlap, Brett I.] USN, Res Lab, Theoret Chem Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Knippenberg, MT (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
OI Dunlap, Brett/0000-0003-1356-6559
FU ONR [N0001408WR20106]; AFOSR [F1ATA08018G001, F1ATA07351G001]
FX M. T. K., P. T. M., and J. A. H. acknowledge support from ONR under
Contract No. N0001408WR20106. B. I. D. acknowledges ONR support, both
directly and through the NRL. J. A. H. also acknowledges support from
AFOSR under Contracts No. F1ATA08018G001 and No. F1ATA07351G001 as part
of the Extreme Friction MURI.
NR 89
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 3
U2 14
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 23
AR 235409
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.235409
PG 9
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 391PO
UT WOS:000262245400095
ER
PT J
AU Nixon, LW
Papaconstantopoulos, DA
Mehl, MJ
AF Nixon, Lane W.
Papaconstantopoulos, D. A.
Mehl, Michael J.
TI Electronic structure and superconducting properties of lanthanum
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
DE APW calculations; density functional theory; elastic moduli; electronic
structure; gradient methods; high-pressure effects; lanthanum; lattice
constants; phonons; spin-orbit interactions; superconducting materials;
superconducting transition temperature
ID GROUND-STATE PROPERTIES; AUGMENTED-PLANE-WAVE; FCC LANTHANUM;
TRANSITION; PRESSURE; DENSITY; METALS; ENERGY; LA; CERIUM
AB The total energy and electronic structure of lanthanum have been calculated in the bcc, fcc, hcp, and double hcp structures for pressures up to 35 GPa. The full-potential linearized-augmented-plane-wave method was used with both the local-density approximation (LDA) and generalized-gradient approximation (GGA). The correct phase ordering has been found by the GGA results, with lattice parameters and bulk moduli in good agreement with experimental data. The GGA method shows excellent agreement with experiment while the LDA results show some discrepancies. The calculated strain energies for the fcc and bcc structures demonstrate the respective stable and unstable configurations at ambient conditions. The calculated superconductivity properties under pressure for the fcc structure are also found to agree well with measurements. Both LDA and GGA, with minor differences, reproduce well the experimental results for the superconducting critical temperature T(c).
C1 [Nixon, Lane W.; Papaconstantopoulos, D. A.] George Mason Univ, Dept Computat & Data Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Mehl, Michael J.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Nixon, LW (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Computat & Data Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RI Mehl, Michael/H-8814-2016
NR 45
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 21
AR 214510
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.214510
PG 13
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 391PE
UT WOS:000262244400091
ER
PT J
AU Parker, D
Balatsky, AV
AF Parker, David
Balatsky, Alexander V.
TI Quantitative evidence for spin-fluctuation-mediated higher-harmonic
d-wave components: Hole- and electron-doped cuprates
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
DE cerium compounds; d-wave superconductivity; Fermi surface;
high-temperature superconductors; praseodymium compounds; spin
fluctuations
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; DENSITY-OF-STATES; ORDER-PARAMETER;
PAIRING SYMMETRY; COPPER OXIDES; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA;
YBA2CU3O6.95; LA1.86SR0.14CUO4; EXCITATIONS
AB Experimental evidence for higher harmonics in the cuprate d-wave gap function cos(2 phi) or cos(k(x))-cos(k(y)) has been slowly mounting. Here we analyze all of the data that have been generated in this field for both hole-doped and electron-doped cuprates, demonstrating a preponderance of these symmetry-allowed terms. We then show that the simple spin-fluctuation pairing mechanism can reproduce the detailed angular dependence of the gap. We also present an analysis of pseudogap higher-harmonic symmetry based on the picture of the Fermi arcs as being due to lifetime broadening.
C1 [Parker, David] Max Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst, D-01187 Dresden, Germany.
[Parker, David] Max Planck Inst Chem Phys Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany.
[Parker, David] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Balatsky, Alexander V.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B262, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Parker, D (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst, Nothnitzer Str 38, D-01187 Dresden, Germany.
FU U.S. DOE
FX This work was supported by the U.S. DOE (A.V.B.).
NR 40
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 21
AR 214502
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.214502
PG 7
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 391PE
UT WOS:000262244400083
ER
PT J
AU Sandberg, WC
Wang, GM
AF Sandberg, William C.
Wang, Guan M.
TI Atomic hydrodynamics of DNA: Coil-uncoil-coil transitions in a
wall-bounded shear flow
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
DE boundary layers; DNA; flow simulation; hydrodynamics; microchannel flow;
molecular biophysics; molecular configurations; molecular dynamics
method; shear flow
ID SINGLE-POLYMER DYNAMICS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ELONGATIONAL FLOW; TETHERED
POLYMER; FORCE; MECHANICS; MICROSCOPY; DIFFUSION; LIQUIDS; LENGTH
AB Extensive experimental work on the response of DNA molecules to externally applied forces and on the dynamics of DNA molecules flowing in microchannels and nanochannels has been carried out over the past two decades, however, there has not been available, until now, any atomic-scale means of analyzing nonequilibrium DNA response dynamics. There has not therefore been any way to investigate how the backbone and side-chain atoms along the length of a DNA molecule interact with the molecules and ions of the flowing solvent and with the atoms of passing boundary surfaces. We report here on the application of the nonequilibrium biomolecular dynamics simulation method that we developed [G. M. Wang and W. C. Sandberg, Nanotechnology 18, 4819 (2007)] to analyze, at the atomic interaction force level, the conformational dynamics of short-chain single-stranded DNA molecules in a shear flow near a surface. This is a direct atomic computational analysis of the hydrodynamic interaction between a biomolecule and a flowing solvent. The DNA molecules are observed to exhibit conformational behaviors including coils, hairpin loops, and figure-eight shapes that have neither been previously measured experimentally nor observed computationally, as far as we know. We relate the conformational dynamics to the atomic interaction forces experienced throughout the length of a molecule as it moves in the flowing solvent past the surface boundary. We show that the DNA conformational dynamics is related to the asymmetry in the molecular environment induced by the motion of the surrounding molecules and the atoms of the passing surface. We also show that while the asymmetry in the environment is necessary, it is not sufficient to produce the observed conformational dynamics. A time variation in the asymmetry, due in our case to a shear flow, must also exist. In order to contrast these results with the usual experimental situation of purely diffusive motion in thermal equilibrium we have also carried out computations with a zero shear rate. We show that in thermal equilibrium there is asymmetry and an atomic hydrodynamic coupling between DNA molecules and the solvent molecules but there is no coil-uncoil transition.
C1 [Sandberg, William C.] USN Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Wang, Guan M.] USN Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Sandberg, WC (reprint author), Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22102 USA.
FU Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense
at the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA)
FX W. C. S. and G. M. W. thank Lloyd J. Whitman, Jack Rife, and Shawn P.
Mulvaney from the Chemistry Division at NRL for informative
communications. All computation and simulations were performed on NRL
High Performance Computer facilities through a grant from the DOD High
Performance Computing Modernization Office. This work was supported by
the Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological
Defense at the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA).
NR 38
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1539-3755
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 6
AR 061910
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.78.061910
PN 1
PG 12
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 391NP
UT WOS:000262240300088
PM 19256871
ER
PT J
AU Jones, B
Coverdale, CA
Deeney, C
Sinars, DB
Waisman, EM
Cuneo, ME
Ampleford, DJ
LePell, PD
Cochrane, KR
Thornhill, JW
Apruzese, JP
Dasgupta, A
Whitney, KG
Clark, RW
Chittenden, JP
AF Jones, Brent
Coverdale, Christine A.
Deeney, Christopher
Sinars, Daniel B.
Waisman, Eduardo M.
Cuneo, Michael E.
Ampleford, David J.
LePell, P. David
Cochrane, Kyle R.
Thornhill, J. Ward
Apruzese, J. P.
Dasgupta, Arati
Whitney, Kenneth G.
Clark, Robert W.
Chittenden, Jeremy P.
TI Implosion dynamics and K-shell x-ray generation in large diameter
stainless steel wire array Z pinches with various nesting configurations
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Review
DE exploding wires; plasma temperature; plasma X-ray sources;
Rayleigh-Taylor instability; stainless steel; Z pinch
ID DIAMOND PHOTOCONDUCTING DETECTORS; ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS;
Z-ACCELERATOR; Z-MACHINE; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS;
SELF-CONSISTENT; ATOMIC-NUMBER; HIGH-VELOCITY; POWER; EMISSION
AB Nested stainless steel wire array variations were investigated on the 20 MA Z machine [R. B. Spielman , Phys. Plasmas 5, 2105 (1998)]. In order to reach experimentally observed electron temperatures near 3.8 keV and excite the K shell, these similar to 6.7 keV photon energy x-ray sources must be of large initial diameter (45-80 mm) which poses a concern for magnetic Rayleigh-Taylor instability growth. We discuss the implosion dynamics in these large diameter wire arrays, including an analysis of the ablation phase indicating that the prefill material is snowplowed at large radius. Nested array configurations with various mass and radius ratios are compared for instability mitigation and K-shell scaling. Degradation of the K-shell x-ray power and yield was observed for shots that did not have simultaneous implosion of the outer and inner wire arrays. Shots that were designed per this constraint exhibited K-shell yield scaling consistent with the model of J. W. Thornhill [IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 34, 2377 (2006)] which had been benchmarked to single array results. This lends confidence to K-shell yield predictions using this model for future shots on the refurbished Z machine. Initial results employing a triple nested wire array to stabilize the large diameter implosion are also reported.
C1 [Jones, Brent; Coverdale, Christine A.; Deeney, Christopher; Sinars, Daniel B.; Waisman, Eduardo M.; Cuneo, Michael E.; Ampleford, David J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[LePell, P. David; Cochrane, Kyle R.] Ktech Corp Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
[Thornhill, J. Ward; Apruzese, J. P.; Dasgupta, Arati] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Whitney, Kenneth G.; Clark, Robert W.] Berkeley Scholars, Springfield, VA 22150 USA.
[Chittenden, Jeremy P.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England.
RP Jones, B (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM bmjones@sandia.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Sandia National Laboratories; U.S. Defense Threat
Reduction Agency; U.S. DOE [DE-FC0302NA00057]
FX Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a
Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National
Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000.
Work at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by Sandia National
Laboratories and the U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency. Work at
Imperial College is partially supported by the U.S. DOE through
Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC0302NA00057.
NR 114
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
EI 1089-7674
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 15
IS 12
AR 122703
DI 10.1063/1.3049909
PG 21
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 391JB
UT WOS:000262228500037
ER
PT J
AU Walker, DN
Fernsler, RF
Blackwell, DD
Amatucci, WE
AF Walker, D. N.
Fernsler, R. F.
Blackwell, D. D.
Amatucci, W. E.
TI Determining electron temperature for small spherical probes from network
analyzer measurements of complex impedance
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
DE inductance; plasma density; plasma probes; plasma sheaths; plasma
temperature; Poisson equation
ID LANGMUIR PROBE; PLASMA; DENSITIES
AB In earlier work, using a network analyzer, it was shown that collisionless resistance (CR) exists in the sheath of a spherical probe when driven by a small rf signal. The CR is inversely proportional to the plasma density gradient at the location where the applied angular frequency equals the plasma frequency omega(pe). Recently, efforts have concentrated on a study of the low-to-intermediate frequency response of the probe to the rf signal. At sufficiently low frequencies, the CR is beyond cutoff, i.e., below the plasma frequency at the surface of the probe. Since the electron density at the probe surface decreases as a function of applied (negative) bias, the CR will extend to lower frequencies as the magnitude of negative bias increases. Therefore to eliminate both CR and ion current contributions, the frequencies presently being considered are much greater than the ion plasma frequency, omega(pi), but less than the plasma frequency, omega(pe)(r(0)), where r(0) is the probe radius. It is shown that, in this frequency regime, the complex impedance measurements made with a network analyzer can be used to determine electron temperature. An overview of the theory is presented along with comparisons to data sets made using three stainless steel spherical probes of different sizes in different experimental environments and different plasma parameter regimes. The temperature measurements made by this method are compared to those made by conventional Langmuir probe sweeps; the method shown here requires no curve fitting as is the usual procedure with Langmuir probes when a Maxwell-Boltzmann electron distribution is assumed. The new method requires, however, a solution of the Poisson equation to determine the approximate sheath dimensions and integrals to determine approximate plasma and sheath inductances. The solution relies on the calculation of impedance for a spherical probe immersed in a collisionless plasma and is based on a simple circuit analogy for the plasma. Finally, the temperatures obtained using this method show reasonable agreement with those obtained using a conventional Langmuir sweep analysis of the spheres.
C1 [Walker, D. N.] Global Strategies Grp N Amer Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA.
[Fernsler, R. F.; Blackwell, D. D.; Amatucci, W. E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Walker, DN (reprint author), Global Strategies Grp N Amer Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA.
FU Office of Naval Research
FX This work was supported of the Office of Naval Research.
NR 20
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 15
IS 12
AR 123506
DI 10.1063/1.3033755
PG 8
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 391JB
UT WOS:000262228500056
ER
PT J
AU Emmert, JT
AF Emmert, John T.
TI A physicist's tour of the upper atmosphere
SO PHYSICS TODAY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Emmert, JT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0031-9228
J9 PHYS TODAY
JI Phys. Today
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 61
IS 12
BP 70
EP 71
DI 10.1063/1.3047701
PG 2
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 381QN
UT WOS:000261551100023
ER
PT J
AU Vaidyanathan, R
Prince, TS
Modarreszadeh, M
Gupta, L
Lisy, FJ
AF Vaidyanathan, R.
Prince, T. S.
Modarreszadeh, M.
Gupta, L.
Lisy, F. J.
TI Computationally efficient predictive adaptive control for robotic
operation in dynamic environments and task domains
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART B-JOURNAL OF
ENGINEERING MANUFACTURE
LA English
DT Article
DE industrial robotics; heavy payload handling robots; predictive control;
adaptive control; dynamic environment
ID TRACKING; SURGERY
AB This paper presents a new adaptive predictive control algorithm and its refinement for robotic utility. The controller addresses the need for practical, computationally efficient, robust real-time adaptive control for multivariable robotic systems working in challenging industrial environments. It exploits a special matrix representation to obtain Substantial reductions in the computational expense relative to standard methods. Controller performance is established for a simple robotic manipulator directing motion through sharply changing loading conditions and on an industrial robot loading heavy shells within the weapons magazine of a naval vessel. The new controller demonstrates the ability to adapt to varying actuator performance and rapidly changing sea states for which a classic proportional-integral-derivative controller cannot adjust. Control commands and parameter adjustments are executed in time frames Suitable for real-time use, even on platforms and in environments with limited computational resources. Future work involves the implementation and testing of the controller on a prototype robot during facsimile naval operations. This work may serve as a foundation to address control issues for robots working in uncertain dynamic environments with varying task domains through the implementation of computationally efficient predictive adaptive control.
C1 [Vaidyanathan, R.] Univ Bristol, Dept Mech Engn, Bristol BS8 1TR, Avon, England.
[Vaidyanathan, R.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Syst Engn, Monterey, CA USA.
[Prince, T. S.] Thompson Hine LLP, Cleveland, OH USA.
[Modarreszadeh, M.; Lisy, F. J.] Orbital Res Inc, Cleveland, OH USA.
[Gupta, L.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
RP Vaidyanathan, R (reprint author), Univ Bristol, Dept Mech Engn, Rm 2-50,Queens Bldg, Bristol BS8 1TR, Avon, England.
EM rvaidyan@nps.edu
FU US Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) [N00024-98-C-4082]; Orbital
Research Inc
FX This work was supported by the US Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA)
(Grant N00024-98-C-4082) under the supervision of Mr Carlisle Stephenson
and Orbital Research Inc. The authors also cite Robert N. Schmidt,
Howard Chizeck, and Yang Dong for the original controller formulation,
and Edward Santivica, Jack DiCocco, and Erin Litzenburg of Orbital
Research Inc. We further acknowledge the Department of Systems
Engineering and Dr David Olwell for their continued support.
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING PUBLISHING LTD
PI WESTMINISTER
PA 1 BIRDCAGE WALK, WESTMINISTER SW1H 9JJ, ENGLAND
SN 0954-4054
J9 P I MECH ENG B-J ENG
JI Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part B-J. Eng. Manuf.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 222
IS 12
BP 1695
EP 1713
DI 10.1243/09544054JEM1183
PG 19
WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 386QF
UT WOS:000261897000013
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, WB
Elman, NS
Forrest, L
Robiner, WN
Rodolfa, E
Schaffer, JB
AF Johnson, W. Brad
Elman, Nancy S.
Forrest, Linda
Robiner, William N.
Rodolfa, Emil
Schaffer, Jack B.
TI Addressing Professional Competence Problems in Trainees: Some Ethical
Considerations
SO PROFESSIONAL PSYCHOLOGY-RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
LA English
DT Article
DE competence; ethics; gatekeeping; professional; training
ID FITNESS REQUIREMENTS; PSYCHOLOGISTS; IMPAIRMENT; CHARACTER; MENTOR;
RECOMMENDATION; SCHOOL
AB Psychologists working as graduate student educators and clinical supervisors often encounter trainees who manifest problems of professional competence. At times, faculty members and supervisors may experience role conflict, ambiguity, and anxiety about how to respond to trainee competence problems. Psychologists engaged in the education, training, and credentialing of trainees are ethically and professionally obligated to balance their developmental and gatekeeping roles with respect to trainees. A discussion of several systemic concerns related to psychology's approach to competence problems is presented along with 3 expert commentaries that further elucidate the core issues from the vantage point of education, training. and licensure. Several recommendations for enhancing cooperation and excellent practice among psychologists who train and credential are offered.
C1 [Johnson, W. Brad] USN Acad, Dept Leadership Eth & Law, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Johnson, W. Brad] Johns Hopkins Univ, Grad Sch Educ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Elman, Nancy S.] Univ Pittsburgh, Doctoral Program Counseling Psychol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
[Forrest, Linda] Univ Oregon, Counseling Psychol & Human Serv Area, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
[Robiner, William N.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Dept Med, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Rodolfa, Emil] Univ Calif Davis, Counseling & Psychol Serv, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Johnson, WB (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Leadership Eth & Law, Luce Hall,Stop 7B, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM johnsonb@usna.edu
NR 22
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 2
U2 15
PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA
SN 0735-7028
EI 1939-1323
J9 PROF PSYCHOL-RES PR
JI Prof. Psychol.-Res. Pract.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 39
IS 6
BP 589
EP 593
DI 10.1037/a0014264
PG 5
WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary
SC Psychology
GA 383HC
UT WOS:000261663700005
ER
PT J
AU Uebelhoer, NS
Ross, EV
AF Uebelhoer, Nathan S.
Ross, E. Victor
TI LASERS AND LIGHTS-A PRACTICAL UPDATE AND FUTURE CONSIDERATIONS
Introduction
SO SEMINARS IN CUTANEOUS MEDICINE AND SURGERY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY; ACNE-VULGARIS
C1 [Uebelhoer, Nathan S.; Ross, E. Victor] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[Uebelhoer, Nathan S.; Ross, E. Victor] Cosmet Dermatol Ctr, Div Dermatol, Scripps Clin, San Diego, CA USA.
[Ross, E. Victor] Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, Div Dermatol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Uebelhoer, NS (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
NR 12
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 1085-5629
J9 SEMIN CUTAN MED SURG
JI Semin. Cutan. Med. Surg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 27
IS 4
BP 221
EP 226
DI 10.1016/j.sder.2008.11.001
PG 6
WC Dermatology; Surgery
SC Dermatology; Surgery
GA 399JQ
UT WOS:000262796600002
PM 19150293
ER
PT J
AU Groff, WF
Fitzpatrick, RE
Uebelhoer, NS
AF Groff, William F.
Fitzpatrick, Richard E.
Uebelhoer, Nathan S.
TI Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser and Plasmakinetic Skin Resurfacing
SO SEMINARS IN CUTANEOUS MEDICINE AND SURGERY
LA English
DT Article
ID SYSTEM; DEVICE; PSR
AB Photodamage is one of the most common reasons that patients visit a dermatologist's office. Carbon dioxide (CO(2)) laser resurfacing has always been the gold standard for reversing photodamage. Because of the relatively high incidence of side effects and the prolonged downtime associated with CO(2) resurfacing, new technologies have emerged to address photodamage. Portrait skin regeneration (PSR) is a novel device that has been developed to treat photodamage, and this device yields fewer side effects and downtime than traditional CO(2) laser resurfacing. At our center, we have performed more than 500 high-energy PSR treatments and have developed a unique and highly effective treatment protocol. In addition, fractional CO(2) laser resurfacing has emerged as the latest technology developed to combat photoaging. This technology yields impressive results and is much safer and causes less downtime than traditional CO(2) laser resurfacing. In this article, we will review our treatment techniques and protocols as well as address patient selection, preoperative and postoperative care, and anesthesia.
C1 [Groff, William F.] La Jolla Cosmet Surg Ctr, Div Cosmet Dermatol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Uebelhoer, Nathan S.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[Uebelhoer, Nathan S.] Cosmet Dermatol Ctr, Div Dermatol, Scripps Clin, San Diego, CA USA.
RP Groff, WF (reprint author), La Jolla Cosmet Surg Ctr, Div Cosmet Dermatol, 9850 Genesee Ave,Suite 480, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM billygroff@hotmail.com
NR 14
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 1085-5629
J9 SEMIN CUTAN MED SURG
JI Semin. Cutan. Med. Surg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 27
IS 4
BP 239
EP 251
DI 10.1016/j.sder.2008.10.002
PG 13
WC Dermatology; Surgery
SC Dermatology; Surgery
GA 399JQ
UT WOS:000262796600004
PM 19150295
ER
PT J
AU Brasic, N
Lopresti, D
McSwain, H
AF Brasic, Natasha
Lopresti, David
McSwain, Hugh
TI Endovenous Laser Ablation and Sclerotherapy for Treatment of Varicose
Veins
SO SEMINARS IN CUTANEOUS MEDICINE AND SURGERY
LA English
DT Article
ID GREATER SAPHENOUS-VEIN; SUPERFICIAL VENOUS INSUFFICIENCY; 940-NM
DIODE-LASER; 6-MONTH FOLLOW-UP; RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION; AMBULATORY
PHLEBECTOMY; FOAM SCLEROTHERAPY; CLOSURE PROCEDURE; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL;
SCLEROSING FOAM
AB Superficial venous insufficiency is a common problem associated with varicose veins. Venous insufficiency and varicose veins can be symptomatic, but more commonly they are a cosmetic concern. In this article, we discuss the relevant anatomy and pathophysiology of superficial venous insufficiency, review the current literature for varicose vein treatment, and cover the technical aspects of diagnosing and treating superficial venous insufficiency. Saphenofemoral junction incompetence with resultant greater saphenous vein reflux is the most common cause of varicose veins; because this condition constitutes the majority of patients encountered in practice, we will concentrate on this area. Endovenous laser ablation and sclerotherapy are covered, including patient workup and selection, procedure set-up, and anesthesia.
C1 [Lopresti, David; McSwain, Hugh] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Brasic, Natasha] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
RP McSwain, H (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM hmcswain@hotmail.com
NR 49
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 1085-5629
J9 SEMIN CUTAN MED SURG
JI Semin. Cutan. Med. Surg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 27
IS 4
BP 264
EP 275
DI 10.1016/j.sder.2008.08.001
PG 12
WC Dermatology; Surgery
SC Dermatology; Surgery
GA 399JQ
UT WOS:000262796600007
PM 19150298
ER
PT J
AU Galeckas, KJ
AF Galeckas, Kenneth J.
TI Update on Lasers and Light Devices for the Treatment of Vascular Lesions
SO SEMINARS IN CUTANEOUS MEDICINE AND SURGERY
LA English
DT Article
ID PULSED-DYE-LASER; PORT-WINE STAINS; PHOSPHATE KTP LASER; SPIDER LEG
VEINS; ND-YAG LASER; MOLLUSCUM CONTAGIOSUM; FACIAL TELANGIECTASIAS;
COMPRESSION HANDPIECE; ALEXANDRITE LASER; PHOTODAMAGED SKIN
AB Patients frequently present to dermatologists for the treatment of vascular lesions, including facial telangiectases, diffuse redness, port wine stains (PWS), hemangiomas, and leg veins. There are many laser and light devices that can be used with excellent results. This article summarizes the available platforms that are commonly used for the treatment of superficial vascular lesions. Newer devices and techniques are highlighted with respect to the unique characteristics of individual lesions.
C1 [Galeckas, Kenneth J.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA.
[Galeckas, Kenneth J.] USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
RP Galeckas, KJ (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 8901 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA.
EM kenneth.galeckas@med.navy.mil
NR 66
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 4
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 1085-5629
J9 SEMIN CUTAN MED SURG
JI Semin. Cutan. Med. Surg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 27
IS 4
BP 276
EP 284
DI 10.1016/j.sder.2008.08.002
PG 9
WC Dermatology; Surgery
SC Dermatology; Surgery
GA 399JQ
UT WOS:000262796600008
PM 19150299
ER
PT J
AU Winstanley, DA
Uebelhoer, NS
AF Winstanley, Douglas A.
Uebelhoer, Nathan S.
TI Future Considerations in Cutaneous Photomedicine
SO SEMINARS IN CUTANEOUS MEDICINE AND SURGERY
LA English
DT Article
ID FUNCTIONAL PHOTOACOUSTIC MICROSCOPY; IN-VIVO; NONABLATIVE
RADIOFREQUENCY; LASER THERAPY; SELECTIVE PHOTOTHERMOLYSIS; DIODE-LASER;
SKIN; TECHNOLOGY; NECK; FACE
AB Laser and light technology and their use in dermatology are rapidly advancing. Radiofrequency devices have recently integrated lasers to augment the beneficial effects of both while minimizing potential complications of each. Laser-assisted liposuction is becoming more commonplace, and new investigations into the noninvasive selective destruction of fat with lasers have been undertaken. A better understanding of photobiology has generated renewed interest in the effects of low-level laser therapy on skin and wound healing. Lasers also are being used in novel ways for the purposes of in vivo diagnosis, producing some incredible imaging that may prove useful in the early diagnosis and evaluation of cutaneous disease. Finally, more recent work in the field of photochemical tissue bonding may be bringing us closer to sutureless and scarless surgery. Although not an exhaustive review, this article explores some recent advances in laser and light technologies for dermatologic applications and diagnosis.
C1 [Winstanley, Douglas A.; Uebelhoer, Nathan S.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Uebelhoer, Nathan S.] Cosmet Dermatol Ctr, Div Dermatol, Scripps Clin, San Diego, CA USA.
RP Winstanley, DA (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 34520 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM douglas.winstanley@med.navy.mil
NR 42
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 1085-5629
J9 SEMIN CUTAN MED SURG
JI Semin. Cutan. Med. Surg.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 27
IS 4
BP 301
EP 308
DI 10.1016/j.sder.2008.10.001
PG 8
WC Dermatology; Surgery
SC Dermatology; Surgery
GA 399JQ
UT WOS:000262796600011
PM 19150302
ER
PT J
AU Taitt, CR
Shriver-Lake, LC
Ngundi, MM
Ligler, FS
AF Taitt, Chris Rowe
Shriver-Lake, Lisa C.
Ngundi, Miriam M.
Ligler, Frances S.
TI Array Biosensor for Toxin Detection: Continued Advances
SO SENSORS
LA English
DT Review
DE toxin; detection; biosensor; multi-analyte; multiplex; food; clinical
diagnostics
ID SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; STAPHYLOCOCCAL-ENTEROTOXIN-B;
PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN; CHOLERA-TOXIN; ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES; SERUM
ANTIBODIES; RECOGNITION MOLECULES; BOTULINUM NEUROTOXIN;
ESCHERICHIA-COLI; IN-VITRO
AB The following review focuses on progress made in the last five years with the NRL Array Biosensor, a portable instrument for rapid and simultaneous detection of multiple targets. Since 2003, the Array Biosensor has been automated and miniaturized for operation at the point-of-use. The Array Biosensor has also been used to demonstrate (1) quantitative immunoassays against an expanded number of toxins and toxin indicators in food and clinical fluids, and (2) the efficacy of semi-selective molecules as alternative recognition moieties. Blind trials, with unknown samples in a variety of matrices, have demonstrated the versatility, sensitivity, and reliability of the automated system.
C1 [Taitt, Chris Rowe; Shriver-Lake, Lisa C.; Ligler, Frances S.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Ngundi, Miriam M.] US FDA, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Taitt, CR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM chris.taitt@nrl.navy.mil; lisa.shriverlake@nrl.navy.mil;
Miriam.Ngundi@fda.hhs.gov; frances.ligler@nrl.navy.mil
FU NIH/NIAID [UO1 AI075489]; Defense Threat Reduction Agency
FX This work was supported by NIH/NIAID partnership grant UO1 AI075489 and
the Defense Threat Reduction Agency. The views are those of the authors
and do not reflect opinion or policy of the NRL, US Navy, Department of
Defense, NIH or Department of Health and Human Services.
NR 64
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 4
U2 39
PU MOLECULAR DIVERSITY PRESERVATION INTERNATIONAL-MDPI
PI BASEL
PA KANDERERSTRASSE 25, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1424-8220
J9 SENSORS-BASEL
JI Sensors
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 8
IS 12
BP 8361
EP 8377
DI 10.3390/s8128361
PG 17
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 387JJ
UT WOS:000261948200047
PM 27873991
ER
PT J
AU Milanese, A
Marzocca, P
Nichols, JM
Seaver, M
Trickey, ST
AF Milanese, A.
Marzocca, P.
Nichols, J. M.
Seaver, M.
Trickey, S. T.
TI Modeling and Detection of Joint Loosening using Output-Only Broad-Band
Vibration Data
SO STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE damage detection; joint loosening; kurtosis; root mean square ratio;
random noise vibration; Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves
ID SYSTEM; IDENTIFICATION; DYNAMICS; DAMAGE
AB Damage detection and structural health monitoring techniques based on vibration data have seen increased attention in recent years. Among the different vibration-based methods, the ones based on random vibrations are of particularly interest, especially when they do not require measurement of the input(s). In this work, several frequency and time domain signal processing techniques are explored in their respective abilities to detect damage in a bolted composite structure. First, a joint loosening model is developed and used to simulate the dynamic response to a stationary Gaussian excitation. Informed by the model, two signal processing techniques are used to assess the connection strength. The first method relies on basic statistical properties of the measured strains and their time derivatives, while the second is based on the signal power in different frequency bands. Both approaches are then used to assess progressive bolt loosening on an experimental composite-to-metal joint. All strain response data were obtained using a fiber optic strain sensing system. Results are presented in the form of Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves, showing both Type-I and Type-II errors associated with the proposed detection schemes.
C1 [Milanese, A.; Marzocca, P.] Clarkson Univ, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA.
[Nichols, J. M.; Seaver, M.; Trickey, S. T.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Milanese, A (reprint author), Clarkson Univ, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA.
EM milanesa@clarkson.edu
FU MAE Department at Clarkson University; ASEE/ONR Summer Fellowship
FX Attilio Milanese would like to thank the MAE Department at Clarkson
University for providing partial support for this research. Pier
Marzocca wishes to thank ASEE/ONR Summer Fellowship program for partial
support provided during the summer' 07.
NR 38
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 12
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1475-9217
J9 STRUCT HEALTH MONIT
JI Struct. Health Monit.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 7
IS 4
BP 309
EP 328
DI 10.1177/1475921708090565
PG 20
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 375JU
UT WOS:000261110800002
ER
PT J
AU Liu, JJ
Alemozaffar, M
McHone, B
Dhanani, N
Gage, F
Pinto, PA
Gorbach, AM
Elster, E
AF Liu, Jack J.
Alemozaffar, Mehrdad
McHone, Benjamin
Dhanani, Nadeem
Gage, Fred
Pinto, Peter A.
Gorbach, Alexander M.
Elster, Eric
TI Evaluation of real-time infrared intraoperative cholangiography in a
porcine model
SO SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
DE Infrared imaging; Intraoperative cholangiogram; Laparoscopic
cholecystectomy
ID BILE-DUCT INJURIES; LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY; CORONARY-ANGIOGRAPHY;
PATENCY CONTROL; ROUTINE; COMPLICATIONS; MULTICENTER
AB Background Intraoperative cholangiograms (IOCs) may increase cost, surgical time, and radiation exposure of staff and patients. The authors introduce the application of passive infrared imaging to intraoperative cholangiography as a feasible alternative to traditional fluoroscopic IOCs.
Methods A porcine model was used in which the gallbladder, cystic duct, common bile duct (CBD), and duodenum were exposed and an 18-gauge angiocatheter was inserted into the cystic duct. Infrared emission was detected using a digital infrared camera positioned 30 to 60 cm above the abdomen. Infrared images were taken in real time (similar to 1/s) during infusion of room-temperature saline. A thermoplastic polymer stone then was inserted into the CBD. Once the artificial stone was placed, room-temperature saline was again injected. A standard single-shot renograffin IOC was obtained to confirm the obstruction. The experiment was concluded by creation of a lateral 2-mm CBD injury immediately proximal to the duodenum followed by infusion of room-temperature saline.
Results Six pigs were used in this study. Baseline infrared imaging was able to capture a visible temperature decrease, outlining the lumen of the CBD. With injection of room-temperature saline, a decrease in temperature was visualized as a dark area representing flow from the CBD to the duodenum. After placement of the synthetic stone, real-time infrared images displayed slowing of the injected bolus by the obstruction. The obstruction was correlated with fluoroscopic IOCs. Finally, after partial transection of the CBD, the infrared camera visualized saline flowing from the site of injury out into the peritoneal cavity.
Conclusions The CBD anatomy, obstruction, and injury can be clearly visualized with an infrared camera. Intraoperative infrared imaging is an emerging method already being used in several surgical fields. Ultimately, the integration of infrared and laparoscopic technology will be necessary to make infrared technology important in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
C1 [Gage, Fred; Elster, Eric] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Liu, Jack J.; Alemozaffar, Mehrdad; McHone, Benjamin; Dhanani, Nadeem; Pinto, Peter A.] NCI, Urol Oncol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Gorbach, Alexander M.] Natl Inst Biomed Imaging & Bioengn, Div Bioengn & Phys Sci, Bethesda, MD USA.
[Elster, Eric] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
RP Elster, E (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Suite 2W123, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM elstere@nmrc.navy.mil
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 SC006659-25]
NR 19
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-2794
J9 SURG ENDOSC
JI Surg. Endosc.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 22
IS 12
BP 2659
EP 2664
DI 10.1007/s00464-008-9792-4
PG 6
WC Surgery
SC Surgery
GA 389JR
UT WOS:000262089200022
PM 18347867
ER
PT J
AU Wang, XT
Triantaphyllou, E
Kujawski, E
AF Wang, Xiaoting
Triantaphyllou, Evangelos
Kujawski, Edouard
TI Communication on the Paper "A Reference Dependent Regret Model for
Deterministic Tradeoff Studies"
SO SYSTEMS ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE regret theory; rank reversal; Pareto-optimal alternatives; utility
theory; multi-criteria decision analysis
ID UNCERTAINTY; CHOICE
AB This communication focuses on a fundamental problem related to the recently introduced Reference-Dependent Regret Model (RDRM) [E. Kujawski, Syst Eng 8(2) (2005), 119-137] for deterministic multi-criteria decision-making. Kujawski asserted that the RDRM model satisfies three properties. The first of these properties, referred to as the "independence of dominated alternatives," seems to be an intuitive one. According to this property, the RDRM model preserves the ranking of two alternatives A(i) and A(j) with ranking A(i) > A(j) when a new alternative dominated by Ai is introduced or an old alternative dominated by A(j) is dropped. In this communication it is demonstrated algebraically and also by means of a numerical example that the RDRM model may fail to satisfy this property. The implication is that when the concepts of regret and/or rejoicing are considered and defined in terms of all the available alternatives in accordance with the RDRM, adding or dropping a dominated alternative can change the ranking of the alternatives and violate the independence of dominated alternatives property. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng 11: 360.-364, 2008
C1 [Triantaphyllou, Evangelos] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Wang, Xiaoting] Louisiana State Univ, Coll Engn, Program Engn Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Kujawski, Edouard] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Syst Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Triantaphyllou, E (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM trianta@lsu.edu; ekujawsk@nps.edu
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1098-1241
J9 SYST ENG
JI Syst. Eng.
PD WIN
PY 2008
VL 11
IS 4
BP 360
EP 364
DI 10.1002/sys.20115
PG 5
WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science
SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science
GA 374GT
UT WOS:000261032500006
ER
PT J
AU Ahn, J
Mastro, MA
Freitas, JA
Kim, HY
Holm, RT
Eddy, CR
Hite, J
Maximenko, SI
Kim, J
AF Ahn, J.
Mastro, M. A.
Freitas, J. A., Jr.
Kim, H. -Y.
Holm, R. T.
Eddy, C. R.
Hite, J.
Maximenko, S. I.
Kim, J.
TI Characterization of erbium chloride seeded gallium nitride nanocrystals
SO THIN SOLID FILMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Gallium; Nitrides; Nanocrystal; Phonon
ID ER-IMPLANTED GAN; DOPED GAN; CATHODOLUMINESCENCE; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE;
MICROSTRUCTURE; SEMICONDUCTORS; SPECTROSCOPY; LUMINESCENCE; GROWTH
AB A novel erbium chloride seeded growth process was developed for the growth and fabrication of erbium doped GaN nanocrystals. This erbium chloride seeded technique simplifies the delivery of erbium into a metal organic chemical vapor deposition system. Additionally, this selective growth of the GaN nanocrystal only occurred in the presence of the ErCl(3) seed. Strong green emission, distinctive of the Er(3+) ion, was observed in the GaN nanocrystals. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.
C1 [Mastro, M. A.; Freitas, J. A., Jr.; Holm, R. T.; Eddy, C. R.; Hite, J.; Maximenko, S. I.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Ahn, J.; Kim, H. -Y.; Kim, J.] Korea Univ, Dept Biol & Chem Engn, Seoul, South Korea.
RP Mastro, MA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM mastro@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; jhkim@prosys.korea.ac.kr
RI maximenko, serguei/A-7068-2009; Kim, Jihyun/F-6940-2013; Hite,
Jennifer/L-5637-2015
OI Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826
FU Office of Naval Research; ONR-Global [N00014-07-1-4035]; Brain Korea 21
program
FX Research at the Naval Research Lab is supported by the Office of Naval
Research and ONR-Global (N00014-07-1-4035); Support for J.K. was
partially provided by the Brain Korea 21 program.
NR 24
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0040-6090
J9 THIN SOLID FILMS
JI Thin Solid Films
PD DEC 1
PY 2008
VL 517
IS 3
BP 1111
EP 1114
DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2008.08.170
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings &
Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 388XO
UT WOS:000262053800021
ER
PT J
AU Valeri, CR
Ragno, G
AF Valeri, C. R.
Ragno, G.
TI Role of nitric oxide in the prevention of severe adverse events
associated with blood products
SO TRANSFUSION AND APHERESIS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID BYPASS GRAFT-SURGERY; STORED-BLOOD; CELL TRANSFUSION; CARDIAC-SURGERY;
OXYGEN DELIVERY; RED; INHIBITION; MORTALITY; SHOCK; VASODILATION
AB The reduction in vitro of nitric oxide binding to the globin portion of hemoglobin (SNOHb) in fresh and liquid preserved red blood cells has been reported to be responsible for the severe adverse events (SAES) associated with red blood cell transfusion. No in vivo data were reported that the reduction in SNOHb in red blood cells following transfusion was irreversible. In addition, no clinical data were reported that the reduction in SNOHb in red blood cells produced severe adverse events (SAES) in recipients. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Valeri, C. R.; Ragno, G.] USN, Blood Res Lab, Plymouth, MA 02360 USA.
RP Valeri, CR (reprint author), USN, Blood Res Lab, 195 Bournehurst Dr, Plymouth, MA 02360 USA.
EM navblood@nbrl.org
NR 41
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1473-0502
J9 TRANSFUS APHER SCI
JI Transfus. Apher. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 39
IS 3
BP 241
EP 245
DI 10.1016/j.transci.2008.09.011
PG 5
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA 388XH
UT WOS:000262053100010
PM 18955014
ER
PT J
AU Emerson, SA
AF Emerson, Stephen A.
TI The Battle for Africa's Hearts and Minds
SO WORLD POLICY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Emerson, Stephen A.] USN, War Coll, Africa Reg Studies, Newport, RI USA.
RP Emerson, SA (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Africa Reg Studies, Newport, RI USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU M I T PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 238 MAIN STREET, STE 500, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142-1046 USA
SN 0740-2775
J9 WORLD POLICY J
JI World Policy J.
PD WIN
PY 2008
VL 25
IS 4
BP 53
EP 62
PG 10
WC International Relations
SC International Relations
GA 388QG
UT WOS:000262033700007
ER
PT J
AU Gole, JL
Prokes, SM
White, MG
AF Gole, James L.
Prokes, S. M.
White, Mark G.
TI Metal ion induced room temperature phase transformation and stimulated
infrared spectroscopy on TiO(2)-based surfaces
SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 11th International Conference on Formation of Semiconductor Interfaces
CY AUG 19-24, 2007
CL Manaus, BRAZIL
DE Titanium oxide; Doping; Seeding; Raman; Phase transformation; Stimulated
IR
ID TIO2 NANOCRYSTALLINE ELECTRODES; VISIBLE-LIGHT; DOPED TIO2;
PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY; TITANIUM; WATER; NANOPARTICLES; OXIDES; SITE
AB Raman and infrared spectroscopy are used to demonstrate (1) the high spin metal ion induced room temperature transformation of anatase to rutile TiO(2) and (2) the phenomena of stimulated IR spectroscopy induced by simultaneous nitrogen doping and high spin metal ion seeding of a TiO(2) nanocolloid lattice. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gole, James L.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Gole, James L.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Prokes, S. M.] NRL, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[White, Mark G.] James Worth Bagley Coll Engn, Dave C Swalm Sch Chem Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
RP Gole, JL (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, 837 State St, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM jim.gole@physics.gatech.edu; prokes@estd.nrl.navy.mil;
white@che.msstate.edu
OI White, Mark/0000-0002-2760-9057
NR 30
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-4332
J9 APPL SURF SCI
JI Appl. Surf. Sci.
PD NOV 30
PY 2008
VL 255
IS 3
BP 718
EP 721
DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2008.07.040
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 372TO
UT WOS:000260925100031
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, GP
Goldman, ER
AF Anderson, George P.
Goldman, Ellen R.
TI TNT detection using llama antibodies and a two-step competitive fluid
array immunoassay
SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS
LA English
DT Article
DE Llama; Heavy chain antibody; IgG subclasses; Luminex; Fluid array
immunoassay; Trinitrotoluene
ID SINGLE-DOMAIN ANTIBODIES; ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; LAMA-GLAMA;
EXPLOSIVES; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTROMETRY; ENVIRONMENT; REPERTOIRE;
CAMELIDS
AB Llamas possess unique subclasses of antibodies that lack light chains, and thus are made by the pairing of two heavy chains. IgG was purified from two llamas which had been immunized with trinitrobenzene-keyhole limpet hemocyanin. Conventional IgG1 and heavy chain IgG2 and IgG3 subclasses were fractionated using affinity chromatography. The effectiveness of heavy chain antibodies for the detection of trinitrotoluene (TNT) using a competitive fluid array immunoassay was evaluated and compared to both the llama IgG1 as well as a murine monoclonal anti-TNT antibody. It was found that heavy chain antibody bound TNT with selectivity similar to conventional antibodies, yet the heavy chain antibodies possessed greater thermal stability. The titer of the heavy chain antibodies however was found to be 10-fold lower than the IgGl1; thus analytical assays were best demonstrated using the llama IgG1 conventional antibody. The TNT competitive immunoassay on the Luminex fluid analyzer had a dynamic range from similar to 100 ng/mL to 10 mu g/mL Utilizing the same two-step competitive assay format the dynamic range of the monoclonal antibody was found to have a broad range (1 ng/mL to 1 mu g/mL). This method was demonstrated on TNT contaminated soil extracts using both the llama IgG1 and the mouse monoclonal validating the utility of method for analysis of held samples. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Anderson, George P.; Goldman, Ellen R.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Anderson, GP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM george.anderson@nrl.navy.mil
RI Anderson, George/D-2461-2011
OI Anderson, George/0000-0001-7545-9893
FU Office of Naval Research NRL base funds
FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research NRL base
funds. The opinions expressed here are those of the authors and do not
represent those of the US Navy, the US Department of Defense, or the US
government.
NR 34
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U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1759
J9 J IMMUNOL METHODS
JI J. Immunol. Methods
PD NOV 30
PY 2008
VL 339
IS 1
BP 47
EP 54
DI 10.1016/j.jim.2008.08.001
PG 8
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology
GA 371BB
UT WOS:000260805700006
PM 18755196
ER
PT J
AU Abdo, AA
Allen, B
Aune, T
Berley, D
Blaufuss, E
Casanova, S
Chen, C
Dingus, BL
Ellsworth, RW
Fleysher, L
Fleysher, R
Gonzalez, MM
Goodman, JA
Hoffman, CM
Huntemeyer, PH
Kolterman, BE
Lansdell, CP
Linnemann, JT
McEnery, JE
Mincer, AI
Nemethy, P
Noyes, D
Pretz, J
Ryan, JM
Parkinson, PMS
Shoup, A
Sinnis, G
Smith, AJ
Sullivan, GW
Vasileiou, V
Walker, GP
Williams, DA
Yodh, GB
AF Abdo, A. A.
Allen, B.
Aune, T.
Berley, D.
Blaufuss, E.
Casanova, S.
Chen, C.
Dingus, B. L.
Ellsworth, R. W.
Fleysher, L.
Fleysher, R.
Gonzalez, M. M.
Goodman, J. A.
Hoffman, C. M.
Huentemeyer, P. H.
Kolterman, B. E.
Lansdell, C. P.
Linnemann, J. T.
McEnery, J. E.
Mincer, A. I.
Nemethy, P.
Noyes, D.
Pretz, J.
Ryan, J. M.
Parkinson, P. M. Saz
Shoup, A.
Sinnis, G.
Smith, A. J.
Sullivan, G. W.
Vasileiou, V.
Walker, G. P.
Williams, D. A.
Yodh, G. B.
TI Discovery of Localized Regions of Excess 10-TeV Cosmic Rays
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ANISOTROPY
AB The 7 year data set of the Milagro TeV observatory contains 2.2x10(11) events of which most are due to hadronic cosmic rays. These data are searched for evidence of intermediate scale structure. Excess emission on angular scales of similar to 10 degrees has been found in two localized regions of unknown origin with greater than 12 sigma significance. Both regions are inconsistent with pure gamma-ray emission with high confidence. One of the regions has a different energy spectrum than the isotropic cosmic-ray flux at a level of 4.6 sigma, and it is consistent with hard spectrum protons with an exponential cutoff, with the most significant excess at similar to 10 TeV. Potential causes of these excesses are explored, but no compelling explanations are found.
C1 [Abdo, A. A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Allen, B.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Aune, T.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Berley, D.; Blaufuss, E.; Goodman, J. A.; Noyes, D.; Smith, A. J.; Sullivan, G. W.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Casanova, S.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Chen, C.; Yodh, G. B.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA.
[Dingus, B. L.; Hoffman, C. M.; Huentemeyer, P. H.; Pretz, J.; Sinnis, G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Ellsworth, R. W.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Fleysher, L.; Fleysher, R.; Kolterman, B. E.; Mincer, A. I.; Nemethy, P.] NYU, New York, NY USA.
[Gonzalez, M. M.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[Lansdell, C. P.] Inst Def Analyses, Alexandria, VA USA.
[Linnemann, J. T.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[McEnery, J. E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Ryan, J. M.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Shoup, A.] Ohio State Univ, Lima, OH 45804 USA.
[Walker, G. P.] Natl Secur Technol, Las Vegas, NV USA.
RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RI McEnery, Julie/D-6612-2012; Casanova, Sabrina/J-8935-2013;
OI Casanova, Sabrina/0000-0002-6144-9122; Mincer,
Allen/0000-0002-6307-1418; Dingus, Brenda/0000-0001-8451-7450; Allen,
Bruce/0000-0003-4285-6256
FU National Science Foundation [PHY-0245234, -0302000, -0400424, -0504201,
-0601080, ATM-0002744]; U. S. Department of Energy; Los Alamos National
Laboratory; University of California; Institute of Geophysics and
Planetary Physics
FX We gratefully acknowledge Scott Delay and Michael Schneider for their
dedicated efforts in the construction and maintenance of the Milagro
experiment. This work has been supported by the National Science
Foundation (under Grants PHY-0245234, -0302000, -0400424, -0504201,
-0601080, and ATM-0002744), the U. S. Department of Energy (Office of
High-Energy Physics and Office of Nuclear Physics), Los Alamos National
Laboratory, the University of California, and the Institute of
Geophysics and Planetary Physics.
NR 13
TC 105
Z9 105
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 28
PY 2008
VL 101
IS 22
AR 221101
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.221101
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 376WT
UT WOS:000261214400009
PM 19113471
ER
PT J
AU Kioseoglou, G
Yasar, M
Li, CH
Korkusinski, M
Diaz-Avila, M
Hanbicki, AT
Hawrylak, P
Petrou, A
Jonker, BT
AF Kioseoglou, G.
Yasar, M.
Li, C. H.
Korkusinski, M.
Diaz-Avila, M.
Hanbicki, A. T.
Hawrylak, P.
Petrou, A.
Jonker, B. T.
TI Intershell Exchange and Sequential Electrically Injected Spin
Populations of InAs Quantum-Dot Shell States
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID EXCITONIC ARTIFICIAL ATOMS; SEMICONDUCTOR
AB We report sequential spin population of individual shell states of self-assembled InAs quantum dots controlled by a spin-polarized current from an Fe contact, and determine the s-p and p-d intershell exchange energies. We resolve excitonic features in the electroluminescence (EL) spectra associated with individual quantum levels. In contrast with simple models of shell occupation, the EL circular polarization exhibits maxima shifted with respect to the intensity peaks. Calculations show that this is due to intershell exchange. Exchange energies for the s-p and p-d shells are 7 +/- 2 and 13.5 +/- 1 meV, respectively.
C1 [Kioseoglou, G.; Li, C. H.; Hanbicki, A. T.; Jonker, B. T.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Yasar, M.; Diaz-Avila, M.; Petrou, A.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
[Korkusinski, M.; Hawrylak, P.] CNR, Inst Microstruct Sci, Quantum Theory Grp, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada.
[Kioseoglou, G.] Univ Crete, Dept Mat Sci & Technol, Iraklion 71003, Greece.
RP Kioseoglou, G (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM gnk@anvil.nrl.navy.mil; jonker@nrl.navy.mil
FU ONR [N000140610174]; NSF [ECCS0824220]; Canadian Institute for Advanced
Research; QuantumWorks; NRC-CNRS
FX Work at NRL supported by ONR through core programs. Work at UB supported
by ONR (N000140610174) and NSF (ECCS0824220). Work at IMS NRC supported
by the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, by QuantumWorks, and by
a NRC-CNRS research grant.
NR 27
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 28
PY 2008
VL 101
IS 22
AR 227203
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.227203
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 376WT
UT WOS:000261214400056
PM 19113518
ER
PT J
AU Xu, XD
Sun, B
Kim, ED
Smirl, K
Berman, PR
Steel, DG
Bracker, AS
Gammon, D
Sham, LJ
AF Xu, Xiaodong
Sun, Bo
Kim, Erik D.
Smirl, Katherine
Berman, P. R.
Steel, D. G.
Bracker, A. S.
Gammon, D.
Sham, L. J.
TI Single Charged Quantum Dot in a Strong Optical Field: Absorption, Gain,
and the ac-Stark Effect
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID RESONANCE FLUORESCENCE; SPECTROSCOPY; EMISSION; BEAM
AB We investigate a singly charged quantum dot under a strong optical driving field by probing the system with a weak optical field. We observe all critical features predicted by Mollow for a strongly driven two-level atomic system in this solid state nanostructure, such as absorption, the ac-Stark effect, and optical gain. Our results demonstrate that even at high optical field strengths the electron in a single quantum dot with its dressed ground state and trion state behaves as a well-isolated two-level quantum system.
C1 [Xu, Xiaodong; Sun, Bo; Kim, Erik D.; Smirl, Katherine; Berman, P. R.; Steel, D. G.] Univ Michigan, Harrison M Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Bracker, A. S.; Gammon, D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Sham, L. J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Xu, XD (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Harrison M Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM dst@umich.edu
RI xu, xiaodong/C-4316-2008; Truex, Katherine/E-2973-2010;
OI Truex, Katherine/0000-0001-8219-2672; Sham, Lu/0000-0001-5718-2077
FU U. S. ARO; AFOSR; ONR; NSA/LPS; FOCUS-NSF
FX This work is supported by the U. S. ARO, AFOSR, ONR, NSA/LPS, and
FOCUS-NSF.
NR 32
TC 36
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U1 1
U2 17
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 28
PY 2008
VL 101
IS 22
AR 227401
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.227401
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 376WT
UT WOS:000261214400059
PM 19113521
ER
PT J
AU Emmert, JT
Drob, DP
Shepherd, GG
Hernandez, G
Jarvis, MJ
Meriwether, JW
Niciejewski, RJ
Sipler, DP
Tepley, CA
AF Emmert, J. T.
Drob, D. P.
Shepherd, G. G.
Hernandez, G.
Jarvis, M. J.
Meriwether, J. W.
Niciejewski, R. J.
Sipler, D. P.
Tepley, C. A.
TI DWM07 global empirical model of upper thermospheric storm-induced
disturbance winds
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC-FIELD; NEUTRAL WINDS; UPPER-ATMOSPHERE;
LOW-LATITUDE; IMAGING INTERFEROMETER; GEOMAGNETIC STORMS;
MIDDLE-LATITUDE; MILLSTONE HILL; Y-COMPONENT; DYNAMICS
AB We present a global empirical disturbance wind model (DWM07) that represents average geospace-storm-induced perturbations of upper thermospheric (200-600 km altitude) neutral winds. DWM07 depends on the following three parameters: magnetic latitude, magnetic local time, and the 3-h Kp geomagnetic activity index. The latitude and local time dependences are represented by vector spherical harmonic functions ( up to degree 10 in latitude and order 3 in local time), and the Kp dependence is represented by quadratic B-splines. DWM07 is the storm time thermospheric component of the new Horizontal Wind Model (HWM07), which is described in a companion paper. DWM07 is based on data from the Wind Imaging Interferometer on board the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite, the Wind and Temperature Spectrometer on board Dynamics Explorer 2, and seven ground-based Fabry-Perot interferometers. The perturbation winds derived from the three data sets are in good mutual agreement under most conditions, and the model captures most of the climatological variations evident in the data.
C1 [Emmert, J. T.; Drob, D. P.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Shepherd, G. G.] York Univ, Ctr Res Earth & Space Sci, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
[Hernandez, G.] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Meriwether, J. W.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Jarvis, M. J.] British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England.
[Niciejewski, R. J.] Univ Michigan, Space Phys Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Sipler, D. P.] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA.
[Tepley, C. A.] Cornell Univ, Arecibo Observ, Arecibo, PR USA.
RP Emmert, JT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Code 7643,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM john.emmert@nrl.navy.mil
RI Drob, Douglas/G-4061-2014;
OI Drob, Douglas/0000-0002-2045-7740; Hernandez,
Gonzalo/0000-0003-4245-8696
FU National Science Foundation [ATM-0407823, ANT-0538621, ATM-010935];
NASA; Office of Naval Research; Canadian Space Agency; Centre d'Etudes
Spatiales of France; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
of Canada
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (Aeronomy
Program, award ATM-0407823), NASA's Living with a Star Program, and the
Office of Naval Research. The WINDII project is supported by the
Canadian Space Agency and the Centre d'Etudes Spatiales of France;
support for scientific data analysis is provided by the Natural Sciences
and Engineering Research Council of Canada. The FPI wind data and QD
Coordinate code were obtained from the NSF-supported CEDAR database at
the National Center for Atmospheric Research. The investigations
associated with the University of Washington were supported in part by
grants ANT-0538621 and ATM-010935 from NSF. The Arequipa FPI observatory
was supported by NSF with grants to Clemson University and University of
Pittsburgh. The Arecibo Observatory is operated by Cornell University
under a cooperative agreement with NSF.
NR 46
TC 45
Z9 48
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD NOV 26
PY 2008
VL 113
IS A11
AR A11319
DI 10.1029/2008JA013541
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 377JM
UT WOS:000261247500003
ER
PT J
AU Lindsey, DT
Fromm, M
AF Lindsey, Daniel T.
Fromm, Michael
TI Evidence of the cloud lifetime effect from wildfire-induced
thunderstorms
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CUMULONIMBUS; AEROSOLS
AB A case study is presented of pyro-cumulonimbi (pyroCbs) forming over Canadian forest fires. Cloud-top ice effective radius values of these pyroCbs are significantly smaller than are those within surrounding convection. The smoke provides a massive source of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), resulting in smaller cloud droplets which freeze homogeneously at temperatures around -40 degrees C and produce very small ice crystals. It is also shown that the pyroCb anvils persist 6-12 hours longer than convectively-generated cirrus anvils from nearby convection. This provides evidence for the so-called cloud lifetime effect, an aerosol indirect effect identified by the most recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report. Citation: Lindsey, D. T., and M. Fromm (2008), Evidence of the cloud lifetime effect from wildfire-induced thunderstorms, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L22809, doi:10.1029/2008GL035680.
C1 [Lindsey, Daniel T.] NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Reg & Mesoscale Meteorol Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Lindsey, Daniel T.] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Fromm, Michael] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Lindsey, DT (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Reg & Mesoscale Meteorol Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA.
EM lindsey@cira.colostate.edu
RI Lindsey, Dan/F-5607-2010; Fromm, Michael/F-4639-2010
OI Lindsey, Dan/0000-0002-0967-5683;
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NA17RJ1228]
FX This material is based on work supported by the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration under grant NA17RJ1228. The authors would
like to thank Mark DeMaria and John Knaff for valuable comments, as well
as two anonymous reviewers. The views, opinions, and findings in this
report are those of the authors, and should not be construed as an
official NOAA and or U. S. Government position, policy, or decision.
NR 14
TC 19
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U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD NOV 25
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 22
AR L22809
DI 10.1029/2008GL035680
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 377ID
UT WOS:000261244000001
ER
PT J
AU Bailey, SCC
Hultmark, M
Smits, AJ
Schultz, MP
AF Bailey, Sean C. C.
Hultmark, Marcus
Smits, Alexander J.
Schultz, Michael P.
TI Azimuthal structure of turbulence in high Reynolds number pipe flow
SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LARGE-SCALE MOTIONS; BOUNDARY-LAYERS; CHANNELS; FEATURES; SMOOTH;
REGION; WALL
AB Two-point hot-wire measurements of streamwise velocity were performed in the logarithmic and wake regions of turbulent pipe flow for Reynolds numbers, based on pipe diameter, ranging from 7.6 x 10(4) to 8.3 x 10(6) at four wall-normal positions with azimuthal probe separation. The azimuthal correlations were found to be consistent with the presence of very large-scale coherent regions of low-wavenumber, low-momentum fluid observed in previous Studies of wall-bounded flows and were found to be independent of changing Reynolds number and surface roughness effects. At the edge of the logarithmic layer the azimuthal scale determined from the correlations was found to be similar to that observed for channel flows but larger than that observed for boundary layers, inconsistent with the concept of a universal logarithmic region. As the wall-normal position increased outside the logarithmic layer, there was a decrease in azimuthal scale relative to that of channel flow. Using cross-spectral analysis, high-wavenumber motion was found to grow azimuthally with wall-normal distance at a faster rate than the low-wavenumber motions.
C1 [Bailey, Sean C. C.; Hultmark, Marcus; Smits, Alexander J.] Princeton Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Schultz, Michael P.] USN Acad, Dept Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Bailey, SCC (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RI Schultz, Michael/C-3670-2008; Smits, Alexander/B-4083-2016;
OI Smits, Alexander/0000-0002-3883-8648; Bailey, Sean/0000-0002-9807-9858
FU ONR (Office of Naval Research); Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada
FX The support of two ONR (Office of Naval Research) grants (program
Manager Ron Joslin) is gratefully acknowledged. Additional support for
S.C.C.B was provided by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council of Canada through the postdoctoral fellowship program.
NR 29
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U1 1
U2 4
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0022-1120
J9 J FLUID MECH
JI J. Fluid Mech.
PD NOV 25
PY 2008
VL 615
BP 121
EP 138
DI 10.1017/S0022112008003492
PG 18
WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Mechanics; Physics
GA 377LD
UT WOS:000261251800006
ER
PT J
AU Guenthner, AJ
Hess, DM
Cash, JJ
AF Guenthner, Andrew J.
Hess, David M.
Cash, Jessica J.
TI Morphology development in photopolymerization-induced phase separated
mixtures of UV-curable thiol-ene adhesive and low molecular weight
solvents
SO POLYMER
LA English
DT Article
DE Photopolymerization-induced phase separation; Thiol-ene; Morphology
ID DISPERSED LIQUID-CRYSTAL; POLYMER-SOLUTIONS; BLENDS; DECOMPOSITION;
RELAXATION; DYNAMICS; KINETICS; SYSTEM; GLYCOL; WATER
AB The influence of photopolymerization rate, solvent quality, and processing parameters on the photopolymerization-induced phase separated morphology of mixtures of thiol-ene based optical adhesive with mixed solvents of diglyme and water or acetone and isopropanol is described. Upon exposure to UV radiation (similar to 50 mW/cm(2), 365 nm) for periods of 10-90 s, homogeneous Solutions of 5-10 wt% NOA65 and NOA81 adhesive formed phase separated structures with characteristic sizes ranging from 400 nm to 10 mu m, with increased photopolymerization rates leading to smaller feature sizes. In the systems containing diglyme and water, morphologies formed by phase separation at a lower degree of photopolymerization were characteristic of spinodal decomposition, while morphologies formed by phase separation at a higher degree of photo polymerization exhibited characteristics of viscoelastic phase separation. In the systems containing acetone and isopropanol, interactions between evaporation and photopolymerization-induced phase separation led to the development of more complicated morphologies, including three-dimensional sparse networks. These morphologies provide a combination of connectivity and low overall volume fraction that can significantly enhance the performance of many multi-functional structures. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Guenthner, Andrew J.; Hess, David M.; Cash, Jessica J.] USN, Weap Div, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
RP Guenthner, AJ (reprint author), USN, Weap Div, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
EM andrew.guenthner@navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research; American Society of Engineering Education
FX The authors wish to thank Mr. Dan Mine of NAWCWD for providing the SEM
images, as well as the Office of Naval Research for its support. DMH
wishes to thank the American Society of Engineering Education for its
support through the Naval Research Laboratory Post-Doctoral Fellowship
program. The software for performing Fast Fourier Transforms was kindly
supplied by Dr. H.-W. Chiu.
NR 34
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0032-3861
EI 1873-2291
J9 POLYMER
JI Polymer
PD NOV 24
PY 2008
VL 49
IS 25
BP 5533
EP 5540
DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2008.10.005
PG 8
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 380JU
UT WOS:000261462800023
ER
PT J
AU Habasaki, J
Ngai, KL
AF Habasaki, J.
Ngai, K. L.
TI Heterogeneous dynamics of ionic liquids from molecular dynamics
simulations
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE ab initio calculations; diffusion; ionic conductivity; liquid structure;
liquid theory; molecular dynamics method; organic compounds
ID CONDUCTING GLASSES; FORCE-FIELD; 1,3-DIMETHYLIMIDAZOLIUM CHLORIDE;
TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; COUPLING MODEL; VISCOSITY;
1-ETHYL-3-METHYLIMIDAZOLIUM; RELAXATION; TRANSITION; DIFFUSION
AB Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to study the complex and heterogeneous dynamics of ions in ionic liquids. The dynamics of cations and anions in 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium nitrate (EMIM-NO(3)) are characterized by van Hove functions and the corresponding intermediate scattering functions F(s)(k,t) and elucidated by the trajectories augmented by the use of singular spectrum analysis (SSA). Several time regions are found in the mean squared displacement of the ions. Change in the slope in a plot of the diffusion coefficient against temperature is found at around 410 K in the simulation. Heterogeneous dynamics with the presence of both localized ions and fast ions capable of successive jumps were observed at long time scales in the self-part of the van Hove functions and in the trajectories. Non-Gaussian dynamics are evidenced by the self-part of the van Hove functions and wave number dependence of F(s)(k,t) and characterized as Levy flights. Successive motion of some ions can continue even after several nanoseconds at 370 K, which is longer than the onset time of diffusive motion, t(dif). Structure of the long time dynamics of fast ions is clarified by the phase space plot of the successive motion using the denoised data by SSA. The continual dynamics are shown to have a long term memory, and therefore local structure is not enough to explain the heterogeneity. The motion connecting localized regions at about 370 K is jumplike, but there is no typical one due to local structural changes during jump motion. With the local motion, mutual diffusion between cation and anion occurs. On decreasing temperature, mutual diffusion is suppressed, which results in slowing down of the dynamics. This "mixing effect of cation and anion" is compared with the "mixed alkali effect" found in the ionics in the ionically conducting glasses, where the interception of paths by different alkali metal ions causes the large reduction in the dynamics [J. Habasaki and K. L. Ngai, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 9, 4673 (2007), and references herein]. Although a similar mechanism of the slowing down is observed, strong coupling of the motion of cation and anion prevents complete interception unless deeply supercooled, and this explains the wide temperature region of the existence of the liquid and supercooled liquid states in the ionic liquid.
C1 [Habasaki, J.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2268502, Japan.
[Ngai, K. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Habasaki, J (reprint author), Tokyo Inst Technol, Nagatsuta 4259, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2268502, Japan.
EM habasaki@echem.titech.ac.jp
RI Habasaki, Junko/B-9283-2015
OI Habasaki, Junko/0000-0002-2887-2340
FU Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture, Japan [19540396,
2007-2009]; Office of Naval Research; [61-8912]
FX This research was partly supported by the Ministry of Education,
Science, Sports and Culture, Japan, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research
(C), 19540396, 2007-2009. The work performed at the Naval Research
Laboratory was supported by the Office of Naval Research and by 61-8912.
NR 70
TC 77
Z9 77
U1 5
U2 55
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD NOV 21
PY 2008
VL 129
IS 19
AR 194501
DI 10.1063/1.3005372
PG 15
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 375VG
UT WOS:000261141300022
PM 19026060
ER
PT J
AU Abdo, AA
Ackermann, M
Atwood, WB
Baldini, L
Ballet, J
Barbiellini, G
Baring, MG
Bastieri, D
Baughman, BM
Bechtol, K
Bellazzini, R
Berenji, B
Blandford, RD
Bloom, ED
Bogaert, G
Bonamente, E
Borgland, AW
Bregeon, J
Brez, A
Brigida, M
Bruel, P
Burnett, TH
Caliandro, GA
Cameron, RA
Caraveo, PA
Carlson, P
Casandjian, JM
Cecchi, C
Charles, E
Chekhtman, A
Cheung, CC
Chiang, J
Ciprini, S
Claus, R
Cohen-Tanugi, J
Cominsky, LR
Conrad, J
Cutini, S
Davis, DS
Dermer, CD
de Angelis, A
de Palma, F
Digel, SW
Dormody, M
Silva, EDE
Drell, PS
Dubois, R
Dumora, D
Edmonds, Y
Farnier, C
Focke, WB
Fukazawa, Y
Funk, S
Fusco, P
Gargano, F
Gasparrini, D
Gehrels, N
Germani, S
Giebels, B
Giglietto, N
Giordano, F
Glanzman, T
Godfrey, G
Grenier, IA
Grondin, MH
Grove, JE
Guillemot, L
Guiriec, S
Harding, AK
Hartman, RC
Hays, E
Hughes, RE
Johannesson, G
Johnson, AS
Johnson, RP
Johnson, TJ
Johnson, WN
Kamae, T
Kanai, Y
Kanbach, G
Katagiri, H
Kawai, N
Kerr, M
Kishishita, T
Kiziltan, B
Knodlseder, J
Kocian, ML
Komin, N
Kuehn, F
Kuss, M
Latronico, L
Lemoine-Goumard, M
Longo, F
Lonjou, V
Loparco, F
Lott, B
Lovellette, MN
Lubrano, P
Makeev, A
Marelli, M
Mazziotta, MN
McEnery, JE
McGlynn, S
Meurer, C
Michelson, PF
Mineo, T
Mitthumsiri, W
Mizuno, T
Moiseev, AA
Monte, C
Monzani, ME
Morselli, A
Moskalenko, IV
Murgia, S
Nakamori, T
Nolan, PL
Nuss, E
Ohno, M
Ohsugi, T
Okumura, A
Omodei, N
Orlando, E
Ormes, JF
Ozaki, M
Paneque, D
Panetta, JH
Parent, D
Pelassa, V
Pepe, M
Pesce-Rollins, M
Piano, G
Pieri, L
Piron, F
Porter, TA
Raino, S
Rando, R
Ray, PS
Razzano, M
Reimer, A
Reimer, O
Reposeur, T
Ritz, S
Rochester, LS
Rodriguez, AY
Romani, RW
Roth, M
Ryde, F
Sadrozinski, HFW
Sanchez, D
Sander, A
Parkinson, PMS
Schalk, TL
Sellerholm, A
Sgro, C
Siskind, EJ
Smith, DA
Smith, PD
Spandre, G
Spinelli, P
Starck, JL
Strickman, MS
Suson, DJ
Tajima, H
Takahashi, H
Takahashi, T
Tanaka, T
Thayer, JB
Thayer, JG
Thompson, DJ
Thorsett, SE
Tibaldo, L
Torres, DF
Tosti, G
Tramacere, A
Usher, TL
Van Etten, A
Vilchez, N
Vitale, V
Wang, P
Watters, K
Winer, BL
Wood, KS
Yasuda, H
Ylinen, T
Ziegler, M
AF Abdo, A. A.
Ackermann, M.
Atwood, W. B.
Baldini, L.
Ballet, J.
Barbiellini, G.
Baring, M. G.
Bastieri, D.
Baughman, B. M.
Bechtol, K.
Bellazzini, R.
Berenji, B.
Blandford, R. D.
Bloom, E. D.
Bogaert, G.
Bonamente, E.
Borgland, A. W.
Bregeon, J.
Brez, A.
Brigida, M.
Bruel, P.
Burnett, T. H.
Caliandro, G. A.
Cameron, R. A.
Caraveo, P. A.
Carlson, P.
Casandjian, J. M.
Cecchi, C.
Charles, E.
Chekhtman, A.
Cheung, C. C.
Chiang, J.
Ciprini, S.
Claus, R.
Cohen-Tanugi, J.
Cominsky, L. R.
Conrad, J.
Cutini, S.
Davis, D. S.
Dermer, C. D.
de Angelis, A.
de Palma, F.
Digel, S. W.
Dormody, M.
do Couto e Silva, E.
Drell, P. S.
Dubois, R.
Dumora, D.
Edmonds, Y.
Farnier, C.
Focke, W. B.
Fukazawa, Y.
Funk, S.
Fusco, P.
Gargano, F.
Gasparrini, D.
Gehrels, N.
Germani, S.
Giebels, B.
Giglietto, N.
Giordano, F.
Glanzman, T.
Godfrey, G.
Grenier, I. A.
Grondin, M. -H.
Grove, J. E.
Guillemot, L.
Guiriec, S.
Harding, A. K.
Hartman, R. C.
Hays, E.
Hughes, R. E.
Johannesson, G.
Johnson, A. S.
Johnson, R. P.
Johnson, T. J.
Johnson, W. N.
Kamae, T.
Kanai, Y.
Kanbach, G.
Katagiri, H.
Kawai, N.
Kerr, M.
Kishishita, T.
Kiziltan, B.
Knodlseder, J.
Kocian, M. L.
Komin, N.
Kuehn, F.
Kuss, M.
Latronico, L.
Lemoine-Goumard, M.
Longo, F.
Lonjou, V.
Loparco, F.
Lott, B.
Lovellette, M. N.
Lubrano, P.
Makeev, A.
Marelli, M.
Mazziotta, M. N.
McEnery, J. E.
McGlynn, S.
Meurer, C.
Michelson, P. F.
Mineo, T.
Mitthumsiri, W.
Mizuno, T.
Moiseev, A. A.
Monte, C.
Monzani, M. E.
Morselli, A.
Moskalenko, I. V.
Murgia, S.
Nakamori, T.
Nolan, P. L.
Nuss, E.
Ohno, M.
Ohsugi, T.
Okumura, A.
Omodei, N.
Orlando, E.
Ormes, J. F.
Ozaki, M.
Paneque, D.
Panetta, J. H.
Parent, D.
Pelassa, V.
Pepe, M.
Pesce-Rollins, M.
Piano, G.
Pieri, L.
Piron, F.
Porter, T. A.
Raino, S.
Rando, R.
Ray, P. S.
Razzano, M.
Reimer, A.
Reimer, O.
Reposeur, T.
Ritz, S.
Rochester, L. S.
Rodriguez, A. Y.
Romani, R. W.
Roth, M.
Ryde, F.
Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.
Sanchez, D.
Sander, A.
Parkinson, P. M. Saz
Schalk, T. L.
Sellerholm, A.
Sgro, C.
Siskind, E. J.
Smith, D. A.
Smith, P. D.
Spandre, G.
Spinelli, P.
Starck, J. -L.
Strickman, M. S.
Suson, D. J.
Tajima, H.
Takahashi, H.
Takahashi, T.
Tanaka, T.
Thayer, J. B.
Thayer, J. G.
Thompson, D. J.
Thorsett, S. E.
Tibaldo, L.
Torres, D. F.
Tosti, G.
Tramacere, A.
Usher, T. L.
Van Etten, A.
Vilchez, N.
Vitale, V.
Wang, P.
Watters, K.
Winer, B. L.
Wood, K. S.
Yasuda, H.
Ylinen, T.
Ziegler, M.
TI The Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope Discovers the Pulsar in the Young
Galactic Supernova Remnant CTA 1
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY; EMISSION; RADIO; RADIATION
AB Energetic young pulsars and expanding blast waves [ supernova remnants (SNRs)] are the most visible remains after massive stars, ending their lives, explode in core-collapse supernovae. The Fermi Gamma- Ray Space Telescope has unveiled a radio quiet pulsar located near the center of the compact synchrotron nebula inside the supernova remnant CTA 1. The pulsar, discovered through its gamma- ray pulsations, has a period of 316.86 milliseconds and a period derivative of 3.614 x 10(-13) seconds per second. Its characteristic age of 10(4) years is comparable to that estimated for the SNR. We speculate that most unidentified Galactic gamma- ray sources associated with star- forming regions and SNRs are such young pulsars.
C1 [Kanbach, G.; Orlando, E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Kawai, N.] RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Cosm Radiat Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
[Kishishita, T.; Ohno, M.; Ozaki, M.; Takahashi, T.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan.
[Kiziltan, B.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Univ Calif Observ, Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Knodlseder, J.; Vilchez, N.] UPS, CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France.
[Mineo, T.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosmica Palermo, I-90146 Palermo, Italy.
[Moiseev, A. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Morselli, A.; Piano, G.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Morselli, A.; Piano, G.; Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Okumura, A.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Grad Sch Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
[Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA.
[Rodriguez, A. Y.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Inst Estud Espacials Catalunya, Barcelona 08193, Spain.
[Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA.
[Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA.
[Torres, D. F.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estud Avancats, Barcelona, Spain.
[Tramacere, A.] Consorzio Interuniv Fis Spaziale, I-10133 Turin, Italy.
[Ylinen, T.] Univ Kalmar, Sch Pure & Appl Nat Sci, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden.
[Abdo, A. A.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20001 USA.
[Abdo, A. A.; Chekhtman, A.; Davis, D. S.; Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Ray, P. S.; Strickman, M. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Ackermann, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Edmonds, Y.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Usher, T. L.; Van Etten, A.; Wang, P.; Watters, K.] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Ackermann, M.; Bechtol, K.; Berenji, B.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Borgland, A. W.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Drell, P. S.; Dubois, R.; Edmonds, Y.; Focke, W. B.; Funk, S.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Johannesson, G.; Johnson, A. S.; Kamae, T.; Kocian, M. L.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Nolan, P. L.; Paneque, D.; Panetta, J. H.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Rochester, L. S.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Tramacere, A.; Usher, T. L.; Van Etten, A.; Wang, P.; Watters, K.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Atwood, W. B.; Dormody, M.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schalk, T. L.; Thorsett, S. E.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Atwood, W. B.; Dormody, M.; Johnson, R. P.; Porter, T. A.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schalk, T. L.; Thorsett, S. E.; Ziegler, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Astron, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Brez, A.; Kuss, M.; Latronico, L.; Omodei, N.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
[Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Grenier, I. A.; Komin, N.; Starck, J. -L.] Univ Paris Diderot, Serv Astrophys, Lab Astrophys Interact Multiechelles, CEA Saclay,CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
[Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
[Baring, M. G.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
[Bastieri, D.; Pieri, L.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
[Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
[Baughman, B. M.; Hughes, R. E.; Kuehn, F.; Sander, A.; Smith, P. D.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Bogaert, G.; Bruel, P.; Giebels, B.; Sanchez, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, CNRS,IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
[Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
[Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Pepe, M.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
[Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
[Brigida, M.; Caliandro, G. A.; de Palma, F.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Monte, C.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
[Burnett, T. H.; Kerr, M.; Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Caraveo, P. A.; Marelli, M.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosmica, Ist Nazl Astrofis, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Carlson, P.; Conrad, J.; McGlynn, S.; Ryde, F.; Ylinen, T.] AlbaNova, Dept Phys, Royal Inst Technol Kungliga Tekn Hogskolan, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Chekhtman, A.; Makeev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Cheung, C. C.; Gehrels, N.; Harding, A. K.; Hartman, R. C.; Hays, E.; Johnson, T. J.; McEnery, J. E.; Ritz, S.; Thompson, D. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Farnier, C.; Guiriec, S.; Komin, N.; Nuss, E.; Pelassa, V.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Phys Theor & Astroparticules, CNRS IN2P3, Montpellier, France.
[Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA.
[Conrad, J.; Meurer, C.; Sellerholm, A.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.] Agcy Spaziale Italiana Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Italy.
[Davis, D. S.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.
[de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy.
[de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Coll Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.
[Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lonjou, V.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France.
[Brez, A.; Dumora, D.; Grondin, M. -H.; Guillemot, L.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lonjou, V.; Lott, B.; Parent, D.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux 1, CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France.
[Fukazawa, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.; Yasuda, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan.
[Fukazawa, Y.; Katagiri, H.; Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.; Takahashi, H.; Yasuda, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan.
[Gehrels, N.; Johnson, T. J.; Ritz, S.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Kanai, Y.; Kawai, N.; Nakamori, T.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528551, Japan.
RP Kanbach, G (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
EM gok@mpe.mpg.de; kent.wood@nrl.navy.mil; ziegler@scipp.ucsc.edu
RI Komin, Nukri/J-6781-2015; Ozaki, Masanobu/K-1165-2013; Rando,
Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson,
Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015;
Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; Loparco,
Francesco/O-8847-2015; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario
/O-8867-2015; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016;
Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Nolan, Patrick/A-5582-2009; Saz Parkinson, Pablo
Miguel/I-7980-2013; De Angelis, Alessandro/B-5372-2009; Starck,
Jean-Luc/D-9467-2011; Thompson, David/D-2939-2012; Harding,
Alice/D-3160-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012; McEnery,
Julie/D-6612-2012; Baldini, Luca/E-5396-2012; lubrano,
pasquale/F-7269-2012; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Kuss,
Michael/H-8959-2012; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Tosti,
Gino/E-9976-2013
OI Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Gasparrini, Dario/0000-0002-5064-9495;
Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Baldini,
Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278; Sgro',
Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Thorsett, Stephen/0000-0002-2025-9613;
SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; De Angelis,
Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018;
Komin, Nukri/0000-0003-3280-0582; Mineo, Teresa/0000-0002-4931-8445;
Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577;
Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Reimer,
Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Johannesson,
Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395;
Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Moskalenko,
Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Torres,
Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Starck, Jean-Luc/0000-0003-2177-7794;
Thompson, David/0000-0001-5217-9135; lubrano,
pasquale/0000-0003-0221-4806; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553;
giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888;
FU NASA; U. S. Department of Energy in the United States; Commissariat
l'Energie Atomique; Centre National de la Recherche
Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nuclaire et de Physique des
Particules in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana; Istituto Nazionale di
Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,
Science and Technology, the High Energy Accelerator Research
Organization,; JAXA in Japan; K.A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish
National Space Board in Sweden
FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges the generous support of a
number of agencies and institutes, including NASA and the U. S.
Department of Energy in the United States; the Commissariat l'Energie
Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut
National de Physique Nuclaire et de Physique des Particules in France;
the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica
Nucleare in Italy; the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science
and Technology, the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, and
JAXA in Japan, and the K.A. Wallenberg Foundation and the Swedish
National Space Board in Sweden.
NR 28
TC 74
Z9 74
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD NOV 21
PY 2008
VL 322
IS 5905
BP 1218
EP 1221
DI 10.1126/science.1165572
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 374HC
UT WOS:000261033400033
PM 18927355
ER
PT J
AU Antolin, P
Shibata, K
Kudoh, T
Shiota, D
Brooks, D
AF Antolin, P.
Shibata, K.
Kudoh, T.
Shiota, D.
Brooks, D.
TI PREDICTING OBSERVATIONAL SIGNATURES OF CORONAL HEATING BY ALFVEN WAVES
AND NANOFLARES
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun: corona; Sun: flares; MHD; waves
ID RANDOM ENERGY RELEASES; QUIET SOLAR CORONA; TRANSITION REGION;
MAGNETIC-FLUX; LOOPS; MODEL; DYNAMICS; ATMOSPHERE; SUN; FLOWS
AB Alfven waves can dissipate their energy by means of nonlinear mechanisms, and constitute good candidates to heat and maintain the solar corona to the observed few million degrees. Another appealing candidate is nanoflare reconnection heating, in which energy is released through many small magnetic reconnection events. Distinguishing the observational features of each mechanism is an extremely difficult task. On the other hand, observations have shown that energy release processes in the corona follow a power-law distribution in frequency whose index may tell us whether small heating events contribute substantially to the heating or not. In this work we show a link between the power-law index and the operating heating mechanism in a loop. We set up two coronal loop models: in the first model Alfven waves created by footpoint shuffling nonlinearly convert to longitudinal modes which dissipate their energy through shocks; in the second model numerous heating events with nanoflare-like energies are input randomly along the loop, either distributed uniformly or concentrated at the footpoints. Both models are based on a 1.5-dimensional MHD code. The obtained coronae differ in many aspects; for instance, in the flow patterns along the loop and the simulated intensity profile that Hinode XRT would observe. The intensity histograms display power-law distributions whose indexes differ considerably. This number is found to be related to the distribution of the shocks along the loop. We thus test the observational signatures of the power-law index as a diagnostic tool for the above heating mechanisms and the influence of the location of nanoflares.
C1 [Antolin, P.; Shibata, K.] Kyoto Univ, Kwasan Observ, Kyoto 6078471, Japan.
[Kudoh, T.; Shiota, D.] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan.
[Brooks, D.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Antolin, P (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Kwasan Observ, Kyoto 6078471, Japan.
EM antolin@kwasan.kyoto-u.ac.jp; shibata@kwasan.kyoto-u.ac.jp;
kudoh@th.nao.ac.jp; shiota@cfca.jp; dhbrooks@ssd5.nrl.navy.mil
OI Shiota, Daikou/0000-0002-9032-8792
FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of
Japan; International Astronomical Union; Ministry of Education, Science,
Sports, Technology, and Culture of Japan; YITP in Kyoto University
[Altix3700 BX2]
FX P. A. would like to thank T. Suzuki, H. Isobe, L. Heggland, T. Magara,
R. Erdelyi, M. Carlsson, and V.Hansteen for many fruitful discussions.
P. A. would also like to acknowledge J. Candamil for patient
encouragement. This work was supported by the Grant-in-Aid for the
Global COE Program "The Next Generation of Physics, Span from
Universality and Emergence'' from the Ministry of Education, Culture,
Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan, by a Grant from the
International Astronomical Union, and by a Grant-in-Aid for Creative
Scientific Research, "The Basic Study of Space Weather Prediction''
(17GS0208; Head Investigator: K. Shibata), from the Ministry of
Education, Science, Sports, Technology, and Culture of Japan. The
numerical calculations were carried out on Altix3700 BX2 at YITP in
Kyoto University. The authors thank the anonymous referee for
constructive remarks.
NR 50
TC 35
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2008
VL 688
IS 1
BP 669
EP 682
DI 10.1086/591998
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 370NU
UT WOS:000260769700054
ER
PT J
AU Miller, GA
Flockhart, GMH
Cranch, GA
AF Miller, G. A.
Flockhart, G. M. H.
Cranch, G. A.
TI Technique for correcting systematic phase errors during fibre Bragg
grating inscription
SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB A simple technique for correcting systematic phase errors introduced during the holographic inscription of fibre Bragg gratings is presented. The technique involves characterising the fabrication errors associated with the phase mask and writing medium (i.e. the fibre). This is accomplished by measuring the phase of the coupling coefficient of a weak, uniform 'trace grating' written in the fibre. This phase is then used to generate a phase-corrected pro. le by combining the inverse of the measured phase with the phase of a target grating's pro. le. The trace grating is then overwritten with the stronger phase-corrected grating. Using this technique, a dual phase-shifted grating has been fabricated successfully and the overall phase error in reduced by a factor of 13.
C1 [Miller, G. A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Flockhart, G. M. H.; Cranch, G. A.] SFA Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA.
RP Miller, GA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM gary.miller@osamember.org
RI Flockhart, Gordon/B-9664-2009
OI Flockhart, Gordon/0000-0002-8777-7511
NR 5
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 2
PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET
PI HERTFORD
PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND
SN 0013-5194
J9 ELECTRON LETT
JI Electron. Lett.
PD NOV 20
PY 2008
VL 44
IS 24
BP 1399
EP 1400
DI 10.1049/el:20081896
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 375YS
UT WOS:000261150300012
ER
PT J
AU Bermudez, VA
AF Bermudez, V. A.
TI Functionalization of beta-Ga2O3 Nanoribbons: A Combined Computational
and Infrared Spectroscopic Study
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID GALLIUM OXIDE POLYMORPHS; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; CARBOXYLIC-ACIDS;
AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; ACETIC-ACID; THIN-FILMS; ADSORPTION; DECOMPOSITION;
METHANOL; IR
AB The adsorption of H2O, alcohols (CH3OH and 1-octanol), and carboxylic acids (formic, acetic, and pentanoic) on beta-Ga2O3 nanoribbons has been studied using infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS) and/or ab initio computational modeling. Adsorption energies and geometries are sensitive to surface structure, and hydrogen bonding plays a significant role in stabilizing adsorbed species. On the more stable (100)-B surface, computation shows that the physisorption of H2O or CH3OH is weakly exothermic whereas chemisorption via O-H bond dissociation is weakly endothermic. Experiment finds that a large fraction of a saturation coverage of adsorbed 1-octanol is displaced by exposure to acetic acid vapor. This is consistent with computational results showing that acids adsorb more strongly than methanol on this surface. The remaining alcohol, not displaced by acetic acid, suggests the presence of defects and/or (100)-A regions because computation shows that this less-stable surface adsorbs methanol more strongly than does the (100)-B. The v(C-H) modes of adsorbed 1-octanol are easily detected whereas no adsorbed H2O is observed even though H2O and CH3OH exhibit similar adsorption energies. It is inferred from this that the failure to detect H2O on the dominant (100)-B surface results from the orientation of the physisorbed H2O essentially parallel to the surface. Computation shows that this configuration is stabilized by H bonding. For chemisorbed formic acid, computation shows that a bridging carboxylate structure is favored over a bidentate or monodentate configuration. Computation also shows that chemisorption is favored on the (100)-A surface but physisorption is favored on the more stable (100)-B. Analysis of IRRAS data for acetic and pentanoic acids finds evidence for both types of adsorption. The carboxylate resists displacement by H2O vapor, which suggests that carboxylic acids may be useful for functionalizing beta-Ga2O3 surfaces. The results provide insight into the interplay between surface structure and reactivity on an oxide surface and about the importance of hydrogen bonding in determining adsorbate structure.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Bermudez, VA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM victor.bermudez@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research
FX S. M. Prokes is thanked for providing the nanoribbon material. This work
was supported by the Office of Naval Research. Computer facilities were
provided by the DOD High-Performance Computing Modernization Program at
the AFRL-MSRC, Wright-Patterson AFB. Ohio.
NR 60
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 18
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD NOV 18
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 22
BP 12943
EP 12952
DI 10.1021/la8022979
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 372AW
UT WOS:000260874800033
PM 18950206
ER
PT J
AU Goldman, ER
Anderson, GP
Conway, J
Sherwood, LJ
Fech, M
Vo, B
Liu, JL
Hayhurst, A
AF Goldman, Ellen R.
Anderson, George P.
Conway, Jerry
Sherwood, Laura J.
Fech, Melissa
Vo, BaoHan
Liu, Jinny L.
Hayhurst, Andrew
TI Thermostable Llama Single Domain Antibodies for Detection of Botulinum A
Neurotoxin Complex
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID D TOXIN COMPLEX; CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; NONTOXIC COMPONENTS; SUBUNIT
STRUCTURE; PHAGE DISPLAY; LIGHT-CHAINS; STABILITY; SEQUENCE; PROTEIN;
EXPRESSION
AB Immunoglobulins from animals of the Camelidae family boast unique forms that do not incorporate light chains. Antigen binding in these unconventional heavy-chain homodimers is mediated through a single variable domain. When expressed recombinantly these variable domains are termed single domain antibodies (sdAb) and are among the smallest naturally IgG-derived antigen binding units. SdAb possess good solubility, thermostability, and can refold after heat and chemical denaturation making them promising alternative recognition elements. We have constructed a library of phage-displayed sdAb from a llama immunized with a cocktail of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) complex toxoids and panned the library for binders for BoNT A complex toxoid. Six unique binders were isolated and found to specifically bind BoNT A complex in toxoid and untoxoided forms and when used in optimal combinations in buffer and milk could detect 100 pg/mL untoxoided complex. All sdAb retained their ability to specifically bind target after heating to 85 degrees C for 1 h, in contrast to conventional polyclonal sera. All of the sdAb were highly specific for subtype A1 rather than A2 and demonstrated binding to the 33 kDa hemagglutinin, potentially to a somewhat overlapping linear epitope. The unique properties of these sdAb may provide advantages for many diagnostic applications where long-term storage and in-line monitoring require very rugged yet highly specific recognition elements.
C1 [Goldman, Ellen R.; Anderson, George P.; Vo, BaoHan; Liu, Jinny L.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Conway, Jerry; Sherwood, Laura J.; Fech, Melissa; Hayhurst, Andrew] SW Fdn Biomed Res, Dept Virol & Immunol, San Antonio, TX 78227 USA.
RP Goldman, ER (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM ellen.goldman@nrl.navy.mil; ahayhurst@sfbr.org
RI Anderson, George/D-2461-2011;
OI Anderson, George/0000-0001-7545-9893; Hayhurst,
Andrew/0000-0003-4612-8707
FU JSTO-CBD/DTRA [HDTRA 1-07-C-0018, 8.10033-07-NRL-B]; NIH [C06 RR12087];
National Science Foundation
FX We thank Jill Czarnecki, Naval Medical Research Center, MD for providing
the llama blood. BY. was supported by a Grant from the National Science
Foundation for students attending a historically black college or
university, minority institution, or tribal college or university. This
work was supported by JSTO-CBD/DTRA contract no. HDTRA 1-07-C-0018,
JSTO-CBD/DTRA project no. 8.10033-07-NRL-B, and NIH C06 RR12087.
NR 53
TC 35
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
EI 1520-6882
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD NOV 15
PY 2008
VL 80
IS 22
BP 8583
EP 8591
DI 10.1021/ac8014774
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 372OM
UT WOS:000260910900030
PM 18947189
ER
PT J
AU Loschialpo, P
Smith, D
Zabetakis, D
AF Loschialpo, P.
Smith, D.
Zabetakis, D.
TI Effective medium theory for strongly coupled randomly oriented
conducting fibers on a planar surface
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE conducting materials; electric impedance; metamaterials; method of
moments; reflectivity
ID CARBON NANOTUBES
AB A theoretical model has been developed for predicting the reflectivity of thin planar surfaces imbedded with long conductive fibers. Intersecting fibers in the plane form larger conducting clusters. The model includes this effect, which serves to increase the reflectivity. Magnetic coupling between the fibers is also included. This coupling is found to be particularly important at higher frequencies. Test panels were made using a direct write process to imbed the long conducting fiber regions on a thin layer of cellulose. Comparisons of the model with both method of moments calculations and experimental measurements serve to validate its accuracy.
C1 [Loschialpo, P.; Smith, D.; Zabetakis, D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Loschialpo, P (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM peter.loschialpo@nrl.navy.mil
FU ONR in-house research funds
FX The authors are grateful to Dr. Frederic Rachford for his careful review
of this paper and for the support provided by ONR in-house research
funds.
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD NOV 15
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 10
AR 104903
DI 10.1063/1.3021057
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 396QI
UT WOS:000262605800150
ER
PT J
AU Dominguez, DD
Keller, TM
AF Dominguez, Dawn D.
Keller, Teddy M.
TI Phthalonitrile-epoxy blends: Cure behavior and copolymer properties
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE phthalonitrile; blends; curing of polymers; mechanical properties;
thermal properties
ID INTERPENETRATING POLYMER NETWORK; THERMAL SCANNING RHEOMETRY; CARBON
FIBER COMPOSITES; CROSS-LINKING PROCESS; CYANATE ESTER;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PHENOLIC RESIN; MOISTURE ABSORPTION;
MONTMORILLONITE; NANOCOMPOSITES
AB Binary blends composed of 4,4'-bis(3,4-dicyanophenoxy)biphenyl (biphenyl PN) and diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (epoxy resin) and oligomeric n = 4 phthalonitrile (n = 4 PN) and epoxy resin were prepared. The cure behavior of the blends was studied under dynamic and isothermal curing conditions using differential scanning calorimetry, simultaneous thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and rheological analysis. The studies revealed that phthalonitrile-epoxy blends exhibited good processability and that they copolymerized with or without the addition of curing additive. In the absence of curing additive, the blends required higher temperatures and longer cure times. The thermal and dynamic viscoelastic properties of amine-cured phthalonitrile-epoxy copolymers were examined and compared with those of the neat epoxy resin. The properties of the epoxy resin improved with increasing biphenyl PN content and with n = 4 PN addition. Specifically, the copolymers exhibited higher glass transition temperatures, increased thermal and thermo-oxidative stability, and enhanced dynamic mechanical properties relative to the commercially available epoxy resin. The results showed that the phthalonitrile-epoxy blends and copolymers have an attractive combination of processability and high temperature properties. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 [Dominguez, Dawn D.; Keller, Teddy M.] USN, Res Lab, Adv Mat Sect, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Dominguez, DD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Adv Mat Sect, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM dawn.dominguez@nrl.navy.mil
NR 45
TC 29
Z9 32
U1 3
U2 26
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0021-8995
J9 J APPL POLYM SCI
JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci.
PD NOV 15
PY 2008
VL 110
IS 4
BP 2504
EP 2515
DI 10.1002/app.28817
PG 12
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 356CC
UT WOS:000259755300076
ER
PT J
AU Kuech, TF
Khandekar, AA
Rathi, M
Mawst, LJ
Huang, JYT
Song, XY
Babcock, SE
Meyer, JR
Vurgaftman, I
AF Kuech, T. F.
Khandekar, A. A.
Rathi, M.
Mawst, L. J.
Huang, J. Y. T.
Song, Xueyan
Babcock, S. E.
Meyer, J. R.
Vurgaftman, I.
TI MOVPE growth of antimonide-containing alloy materials for long
wavelength applications
SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Conference on Metal Organic Vapor Phase Epitaxy
CY JUN 01-06, 2008
CL Metz, FRANCE
DE Adsorption; Computer simulation; Desorption; Growth models;
Metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy; Antimonides
ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; QUANTUM-WELL LASERS; PHASE EPITAXY;
SEMICONDUCTOR ALLOYS; SURFACE SEGREGATION; GAAS(100) SURFACES; INP;
GAASSB; SB; TRIETHYLGALLIUM
AB GaAs-based heterostructures comprised of GaAs(1-x)N(x)-GaAs(1-y)Sb(y) (x< 0.03, y < 0.35) multiple quantum wells (MQW) that utilize 'W'-shaped type-II transitions have potential for realizing high-performance monolithic VCSELs and edge-emitting lasers with low temperature sensitivity in the 1.55 mu m wavelength region. Metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy (MOVPE) growth of GaAsSb is complicated by both thermodynamically driven phase separation and kinetic effects that arise from incomplete thermal decomposition of methyl- and hydride precursors at typical growth temperatures. The impact of growth chemistry on the formation of strained and pseudomorphic films was studied through the growth of relaxed GaAsSb films and multi-period pseudomorphic GaAsSb/GaAs superlattices. Trimethyl- and triethyl-gallium and trimethyl- and triethyl-antimony were used in a variety of combinations. The observed variations of the Sb incorporation efficiency for relaxed and strained films with growth conditions are not predicted by the existing thermodynamic models of the growth, indicating a coupling of the surface growth chemistry and the strain-induced changes in the surface stoichiometry. Through modification of the growth chemistry and process conditions, an extended range of Sb incorporation was realized as well as enhanced control over the alloy composition in strained layers. These achievements lead directly to an extended wavelength range in type-II MQW structures. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kuech, T. F.; Khandekar, A. A.; Rathi, M.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Mawst, L. J.; Huang, J. Y. T.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Song, Xueyan; Babcock, S. E.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Meyer, J. R.; Vurgaftman, I.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Kuech, TF (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM kuech@engr.wisc.edu
NR 56
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0248
J9 J CRYST GROWTH
JI J. Cryst. Growth
PD NOV 15
PY 2008
VL 310
IS 23
BP 4826
EP 4830
DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.09.006
PG 5
WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics
GA 388KT
UT WOS:000262019400029
ER
PT J
AU Huang, JYT
Mawst, LJ
Jha, S
Kuech, TF
Wang, D
Shterengas, L
Belenky, G
Meyer, JR
Vurgaftman, I
AF Huang, J. Y. T.
Mawst, L. J.
Jha, S.
Kuech, T. F.
Wang, D.
Shterengas, L.
Belenky, G.
Meyer, J. R.
Vurgaftman, I.
TI MOVPE growth of Ga(As)SbN on GaSb substrates
SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Conference on Metal Organic Vapor Phase Epitaxy
CY JUN 01-06, 2008
CL Metz, FRANCE
DE Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition; Antimonides; Nitrides;
Semiconducting III-V materials
AB GaSb(1-y)N(y) and GaAs(1-y-z)Sb(y)N(z) alloys on GaSb substrates were grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) as potential materials for mid-infrared wavelength emission. Nitrogen incorporation Was found to increase with the presence of As in GaAsSbN when compared with that of GaSbN. Low-temperature (LT) photoluminescence (PL) measurements indicated the co-addition of nitrogen and arsenic reduced the energy bandgap relative to that of Gash. LT (16 K) PL emission near 2.25 mu m was observed from GaAsSbN with an arsenic content of similar to 10% and a nitrogen content of similar to 0.08%. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Huang, J. Y. T.; Mawst, L. J.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Jha, S.; Kuech, T. F.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Wang, D.; Shterengas, L.; Belenky, G.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Optoelect Grp, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Meyer, J. R.; Vurgaftman, I.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Huang, JYT (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1415 Engn Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM jyt_huang@yahoo.com
NR 9
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0248
J9 J CRYST GROWTH
JI J. Cryst. Growth
PD NOV 15
PY 2008
VL 310
IS 23
BP 4839
EP 4842
DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.08.026
PG 4
WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics
GA 388KT
UT WOS:000262019400032
ER
PT J
AU Broderick, MP
Hansen, CJ
Russell, KL
AF Broderick, Michael P.
Hansen, Christian J.
Russell, Kevin L.
TI Exploration of the Effectiveness of Social Distancing on Respiratory
Pathogen Transmission Implicates Environmental Contributions
SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID US MILITARY RECRUITS; UNITED-STATES; YOUNG-ADULTS; MOLECULAR
EPIDEMIOLOGY; ADENOVIRUS INFECTIONS; NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION; PANDEMIC
INFLUENZA; HOSPITAL SURFACES; VIRAL-INFECTIONS; POTENTIAL ROLE
AB Background. In both military and civilian settings, transmission of respiratory pathogens may be due to person-to-person and environmental contributions. This possibility was explored in a military training setting, where rates of febrile respiratory illness (FRI) often reach epidemic levels.
Methods. Population size and FRI rates were monitored over 10 months in the units of 50-90 individuals. Some units were open to the influx of potentially infectious convalescents (hereafter referred to as "open units," and some were closed to such an influx (hereafter referred to as "closed units"). Virologic testing and polymerase chain reaction analysis were used to detect adenovirus on surface structures.
Results. The odds ratio (OR) associated with FRI in closed units, compared with open units, was 1.13 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.99-1.28). The OR in units with a population greater than the median size, compared with units with a population lower than the median size was 1.38 (95% CI, 1.23-1.55). Between 5% and 9% of surface samples obtained from selected units harbored viable adenovirus.
Conclusions. FRI rates were not reduced in units that were closed to potentially contagious individuals. These findings imply that the primary source of the pathogen is likely environmental rather than human, and they underscore what is known about other virus types. Diligence in identifying the relative roles of different transmission routes is suggested for civilian settings similar to those described in the current study.
C1 [Broderick, Michael P.; Hansen, Christian J.; Russell, Kevin L.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Resp Dis Res, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
RP Broderick, MP (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Resp Dis Res, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
EM michael.broderick@med.navy.mil
NR 50
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 3
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1537-6613
J9 J INFECT DIS
JI J. Infect. Dis.
PD NOV 15
PY 2008
VL 198
IS 10
BP 1420
EP 1426
DI 10.1086/592711
PG 7
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 366HW
UT WOS:000260472400002
PM 18823270
ER
PT J
AU Siciliano, D
Wasson, K
Potts, DC
Olsen, RC
AF Siciliano, Daria
Wasson, Kerstin
Potts, Donald C.
Olsen, R. C.
TI Evaluating hyperspectral imaging of wetland vegetation as a tool for
detecting estuarine nutrient enrichment
SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Wetland; Hyperspectral; Nitrogen; Water quality; HyMap
ID LEAF NITROGEN CONCENTRATION; CALIFORNIA SALT-MARSH; INTESTINALIS L.
LINK; MACROALGAL BLOOMS; RED-EDGE; SALICORNIA-VIRGINICA; EUTROPHIC
ESTUARY; WATER-QUALITY; REFLECTANCE; INDICATOR
AB Nutrient enrichment and eutrophication are major concerns in many estuarine and wetland ecosystems, and the need is urgent for fast, efficient, and synoptic ways to detect and monitor nutrients in wetlands and other coastal systems across multiple spatial and temporal scales. We integrated three approaches in a multi-disciplinary evaluation of the potential for using hyperspectral imaging as a tool to assess nutrient enrichment and vegetation responses in tidal wetlands. For hyperspectral imaging to be an effective tool, spectral signatures must vary in ways correlated with water nutrient content either directly, or indirectly via such proxies as vegetation responses to elevated nitrogen. Working in Elkhorn Slough, central California, where intensive farming practices generate considerable runoff of fertilizers and pesticides, we looked first for long- and short-term trends among temporally ephemeral point data for nutrients and other water quality characters collected monthly at 18 water sampling stations since 1988. Second, we assessed responses of the dominant wetland plant, Salicornia virginica (common pickleweed) to two fertilizer regimes in 0.25 m(2) experimental plots, and measured changes in tissue composition (C, H, N), biomass, and spectral responses at leaf and at canopy scales. Third, we used HyMap hyperspectral imagery (126 bands; 15-19 nm spectral resolution: 2.5 m spatial resolution) for a synoptic assessment of the entire wetland ecosystem of Elkhorn Slough. We mapped monospecific Salicornia patches (similar to 56-500 m(2)) on the ground adjacent to the 18 regular water sampling sites, and then located these patches in the hyperspectral imagery to correlate long-term responses of larger patches to water nutrient regimes. These were used as standards for correlating plant canopy spectral responses with nitrogen variation described by the water sampling program. There were consistent positive relationships between nitrogen levels and plant responses in both the field experiment and the landscape analyses. Two spectral indices, the Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI) and Derivative Chlorophyll Index (DCI), were correlated significantly with water nutrients. We conclude that hyperspectral imagery can be used to detect nutrient enrichment across three spatial and at least two temporal scales. and suggest that more quantitative information could be extracted with further research and a greater understanding of physiological and physical mechanisms linking water chemistry, plant properties and spectral imaging characteristics. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Siciliano, Daria; Olsen, R. C.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Ctr Remote Sensing, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Siciliano, Daria] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ocean Sci Dept, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Wasson, Kerstin] Elkhorn Slough Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Watsonville, CA USA.
[Potts, Donald C.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Siciliano, D (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Ctr Remote Sensing, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM dsicilia@nps.edu
RI Olsen, Richard/O-2699-2015
OI Olsen, Richard/0000-0002-8344-9297
FU NOAA/CICEET [01-453]; NASA Earth System Science Fellowship [NGT5-30415]
FX We thank Sue Shaw (ESNERR volunteer) for collecting monthly water
quality samples over more than two decades; Andrea Woolfolk (ESNERR) for
help implementing the field fertilization experiment; Eric Van Dyke
(ESNERR) for his GIS expertise; Brigitte Martini (HyVista Corp. and RRI)
for useful discussions on HyMap and hyperspectral analysis; Laurel Fox
(UCSC) for lab facilities for drying and grinding plant samples; William
Pickles (LLNL/UCSC) for help securing the acquisition of HyMap imagery,
and for spearheading hyperspectral imaging research at UCSC: John Ryan
and Andy Fisher at MBARI for access to FLAASH software; NASA's jet
Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) for lending the ASD field spectrometer; and
the staff of the Naval Postgraduate School Remote Sensing Center for
their IDL programming, counsel and expertise. Finally, we thank Terry
and Peter Cocks (HyVista) and Fred Kruse (Horizon Geolmaging) for
including Elkhorn Slough in the 2000 HyMap Group Shoot. Financial
support came primarily from a NOAA/CICEET grant (No. 01-453) to D.C.
Potts, and a NASA Earth System Science Fellowship (NGT5-30415) to D.
Siciliano.
NR 74
TC 8
Z9 10
U1 4
U2 24
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0034-4257
J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON
JI Remote Sens. Environ.
PD NOV 15
PY 2008
VL 112
IS 11
SI SI
BP 4020
EP 4033
DI 10.1016/j.rse.2008.05.019
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 369GV
UT WOS:000260683500004
ER
PT J
AU Bradburne, C
Chung, MC
Zong, Q
Schlauch, K
Liu, DR
Popova, T
Popova, A
Bailey, C
Soppet, D
Popov, S
AF Bradburne, Christopher
Chung, Myung-Chul
Zong, Qin
Schlauch, Karen
Liu, Derong
Popova, Taissia
Popova, Anna
Bailey, Charles
Soppet, Dan
Popov, Serguei
TI Transcriptional and apoptotic responses of THP-1 cells to challenge with
toxigenic, and non-toxigenic Bacillus anthracis
SO BMC IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NF-KAPPA-B; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; LETHAL-TOXIN;
MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; MACROPHAGE APOPTOSIS; DENDRITIC CELLS;
LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA; MURINE MACROPHAGES; CYTOKINE RESPONSE; HOST
RESPONSE
AB Background: Bacillus anthracis secretes several virulence factors targeting different host organs and cell types during inhalational anthrax infection. The bacterial expression of a key virulence factor, lethal toxin (LeTx) is closely tied to another factor, edema toxin (EdTx). Both are transcribed on the same virulence plasmid (pXO1) and both have been the subject of much individual study. Their combined effect during virulent anthrax likely modulates both the global transcriptional and the phenotypic response of macrophages and phagocytes. In fact, responses brought about by the toxins may be different than each of their individual effects.
Results: Here we report the transcriptional and apoptotic responses of the macrophage-like phagocytic cell line THP-1 exposed to B. anthracis Sterne (pXO1(+)) spores, and B. anthracis Delta Sterne (pXO1(-)) spores. These cells are resistant to LeTx-induced cytolysis, a phenotype seen in macrophages from several mouse strains which are sensitive to toxigenic anthrax infection. Our results indicate that the pXO1-containing strain induces higher pro-inflammatory transcriptional responses during the first 4 hours of interaction with bacterium, evident in the upregulation of several genes relevant to Nf-kappa B, phosphatases, prostaglandins, and TNF-alpha, along with decreases in expression levels of genes for mitochondrial components. Both bacterial strains induce apoptosis, but in the toxigenic strain-challenged cells, apoptosis is delayed.
Conclusion: This delay in apoptosis occurs despite the much higher level of TNF-alpha secretion induced by the toxigenic-strain challenge. Interestingly, CFLAR, an important apoptotic inhibitor which blocks apoptosis induced by large amounts of extracellular TNF-alpha, is upregulated significantly during toxigenic-strain infection, but not at all during non-toxigenic-strain infection, indicating that it may play a role in blocking or delaying TNF-alpha-mediated apoptosis. The suppression of apoptosis by the toxigenic anthrax strain is consistent with the notion that apoptosis itself may represent a protective host cell response.
C1 [Bradburne, Christopher] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Chung, Myung-Chul; Popova, Taissia; Bailey, Charles; Popov, Serguei] George Mason Univ, Natl Ctr Biodef & Infect Dis, Manassas, VA USA.
[Zong, Qin; Liu, Derong; Soppet, Dan] Avalon Pharmaceut, Germantown, MD USA.
[Schlauch, Karen] Univ Nevada, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Popova, Anna] Univ Virginia, Coll Arts & Sci, Charlottesville, VA USA.
RP Bradburne, C (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM christopher.bradburne@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil; mchung3@gmu.edu;
qzong@avalonrx.com; schlauch@unr.edu; dliu@avalonrx.com;
tpopova@gmu.edu; anna.s.popova@gmail.com; cbailey2@gmu.edu;
dsoppet@avalonrx.com; spopov@gmu.edu
NR 70
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 1
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T
4LB, ENGLAND
SN 1471-2172
J9 BMC IMMUNOL
JI BMC Immunol.
PD NOV 13
PY 2008
VL 9
AR 67
DI 10.1186/1471-2172-9-67
PG 17
WC Immunology
SC Immunology
GA 391LM
UT WOS:000262234800001
PM 19014542
ER
PT J
AU Erickson, JS
Ligler, FS
AF Erickson, Jeffrey S.
Ligler, Frances S.
TI ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY Home diagnostics to music
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID DRIVES; ASSAYS; DISCS
C1 [Erickson, Jeffrey S.; Ligler, Frances S.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Erickson, JS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM frances.ligler@nrl.navy.mil
RI Erickson, Jeffrey/F-6273-2011
NR 10
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 18
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD NOV 13
PY 2008
VL 456
IS 7219
BP 178
EP 179
DI 10.1038/456178a
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 374JJ
UT WOS:000261039300021
PM 19005539
ER
PT J
AU Kwok, R
Hunke, EC
Maslowski, W
Menemenlis, D
Zhang, J
AF Kwok, R.
Hunke, E. C.
Maslowski, W.
Menemenlis, D.
Zhang, J.
TI Variability of sea ice simulations assessed with RGPS kinematics
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID THICKNESS DISTRIBUTION; FLUX MEASUREMENTS; ARCTIC-OCEAN; PACK ICE;
MODEL; DEFORMATION; MOTION; ASSIMILATION; DYNAMICS; SYSTEM
AB Sea ice drift and deformation from coupled ice-ocean models are compared with high-resolution ice motion from the RADARSAT Geophysical Processor System (RGPS). In contrast to buoy drift, the density and extent of the RGPS coverage allows a more extensive assessment and understanding of model simulations at spatial scales from similar to 10 km to near basin scales and from days to seasonal timescales. This work illustrates the strengths of the RGPS data set as a basis for examining model ice drift and its gradients. As it is not our intent to assess relative performance, we have selected four models with a range of attributes and grid resolution. Model fields are examined in terms of ice drift, export, deformation, deformation-related ice production, and spatial deformation patterns. Even though the models are capable of reproducing large-scale drift patterns, variability among model behavior is high. When compared to the RGPS kinematics, the characteristics shared by the models are (1) ice drift along coastal Alaska and Siberia is slower, (2) the skill in explaining the time series of regional divergence of the ice cover is poor, and (3) the deformation-related volume production is consistently lower. Attribution of some of these features to specific causes is beyond our current scope because of the complex interplay between model processes, parameters, and forcing. The present work suggests that high-resolution ice drift observations, like those from the RGPS, would be essential for future model developments, improvements, intercomparisons, and especially for evaluation of the small-scale behavior of models with finer grid spacing.
C1 [Kwok, R.; Menemenlis, D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Hunke, E. C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Climate Ocean & Sea Ice Modeling Program, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Maslowski, W.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA USA.
[Zhang, J.] Univ Washington, Coll Ocean & Fishery Sci, Appl Phys Lab, Polar Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
RP Kwok, R (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM ron.kwok@jpl.nasa.gov
RI Kwok, Ron/A-9762-2008
OI Kwok, Ron/0000-0003-4051-5896
FU Climate Change Prediction Program of the Department of Energy's Office
of Biological and Environmental Research; NSF [ARC0629326, ARC0629312,
ARC0611967]; NASA [NNG04GB03G, NNG04GH52G]; National Aeronautics and
Space Administration; Department of Energy; National Science Foundation
FX We wish to thank S. S. Pang for her software support during the
preparation of this paper. The RGPS data are provided by the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory and the Alaska Satellite Facility through a
project sponsored by the NASA Earth Science REASoN Program (data are
available at http://www-radar.jpl.nasa.gov/rgps/radarsat.html). E. Hunke
is supported by the Climate Change Prediction Program of the Department
of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. J. Zhang is
supported by NSF (grants ARC0629326, ARC0629312, and ARC0611967) and
NASA (grants NNG04GB03G and NNG04GH52G). The NPS contribution has been
funded through grants from the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration, Department of Energy, and National Science Foundation.
Computer resources for the NPS work are provided by the Arctic Region
Supercomputing Center under the Department of Defense High Performance
Computer Modernization Program. The ECCO2 products are provided by the
consortium for Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean,
Phase II (ECCO2 data are available at http://ecco2.org/). The ECCO2
project is sponsored by the NASA Modeling Analysis and Prediction (MAP)
program. R. Kwok and D. Menemenlis carried out this work at the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under contract
with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
NR 62
TC 30
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD NOV 12
PY 2008
VL 113
IS C11
AR C11012
DI 10.1029/2008JC004783
PG 20
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 373TH
UT WOS:000260995700001
ER
PT J
AU Wierzba, TF
Abdel-Messih, IA
Gharib, B
Baqar, S
Hendaui, A
Khalil, I
Omar, TA
Khayat, HE
Putnam, SD
Sanders, JW
Ng, LK
Price, LJ
Scott, DA
Frenck, RR
AF Wierzba, Thomas F.
Abdel-Messih, Ibrahim Adib
Gharib, Bayoumi
Baqar, Shahida
Hendaui, Amina
Khalil, Ibrahim
Omar, Tarek A.
Khayat, Hamed E.
Putnam, Shannon D.
Sanders, John W.
Ng, Lai-King
Price, Lawrence J.
Scott, Daniel A.
Frenck, Robert R.
TI Campylobacter Infection as a Trigger for Guillain-Barre Syndrome in
Egypt
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
AB Background: Most studies of Campylobacter infection triggering Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) are conducted in western nations were Campylobacter infection and immunity is relatively rare. In this study, we explored Campylobacter infections, Campylobacter serotypes, autoantibodies to gangliosides, and GBS in Egypt, a country where Campylobacter exposure is common.
Methods: GBS cases (n = 133) were compared to age-and hospital-matched patient controls (n = 374). A nerve conduction study was performed on cases and a clinical history, serum sample, and stool specimen obtained for all subjects.
Results: Most (63.3%) cases were demyelinating type; median age four years. Cases were more likely than controls to have diarrhea (29.5% vs. 22.5%, Adjusted Odds Ratio (ORa) = 1.69, P = 0.03), to have higher geometric mean IgM anti-Campylobacter antibody titers (8.18 vs. 7.25 P < 0.001), and to produce antiganglioside antibodies (e.g., anti-Gd1a, 35.3 vs. 11.5, ORa = 4.39, P < 0.0001). Of 26 Penner:Lior Campylobacter serotypes isolated, only one (41:27, C. jejuni, P = 0.02) was associated with GBS.
Conclusions: Unlike results from western nations, data suggested that GBS cases were primarily in the young and cases and many controls had a history of infection to a variety of Campylobacter serotypes. Still, the higher rates of diarrhea and greater antibody production against Campylobacter and gangliosides in GBS patients were consistent with findings from western countries.
C1 [Wierzba, Thomas F.; Abdel-Messih, Ibrahim Adib; Putnam, Shannon D.; Frenck, Robert R.] USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt.
[Gharib, Bayoumi; Khalil, Ibrahim] Alexandra Univ Hosp, Neurol Dept, Alexandria, Egypt.
[Baqar, Shahida; Omar, Tarek A.] Naval Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Hendaui, Amina] Cairo Univ Hosp, Neurol Dept, Cairo, Egypt.
[Khayat, Hamed E.] Ain Shams Univ, Childrens Hosp, Neurol Dept, Ain Shams, Egypt.
[Sanders, John W.] USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt.
[Ng, Lai-King; Price, Lawrence J.] Natl Microbiol Lab, Bacteriol & Enter Dis Program, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
[Scott, Daniel A.] Naval Med Res Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA.
RP Wierzba, TF (reprint author), USN, Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia.
EM Director@NAMRU2.org.kh
FU Military Infectious Diseases Research Program of the United States
Department of Defense [6000.RAD1.DA3.A0308]
FX Funding was provided by the Military Infectious Diseases Research
Program of the United States Department of Defense (Work
Unit:6000.RAD1.DA3.A0308). The funders had no role in study design, data
collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 41
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD NOV 12
PY 2008
VL 3
IS 11
AR e3674
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0003674
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 432WW
UT WOS:000265166000001
PM 19002255
ER
PT J
AU Najita, JR
Crockett, N
Carr, JS
AF Najita, Joan R.
Crockett, Nathan
Carr, John S.
TI CO FUNDAMENTAL EMISSION FROM V836 TAURI
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE circumstellar matter; planetary systems: formation; planetary systems:
protoplanetary disks; stars: individual (V836 Tauri); stars:
pre-main-sequence
ID MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS;
EVOLUTIONARY STATUS; PLANET FORMATION; INNER-DISK; DUST; AURIGA;
ACCRETION; SPITZER
AB We present high-resolution 4.7 mu m CO fundamental spectroscopy of V836 Tau, a young star with properties that are between those of classical and weak T Tauri stars and which may be dissipating its circumstellar disk. We find that the CO line profiles of V836 Tau are unusual in that they are markedly double-peaked, even after correcting for stellar photospheric absorption in the spectrum. This suggests that the CO emission arises from a restricted range of disk radii (< 0.5 AU), in contrast to the situation for most classical T Tauri stars, where the CO emission extends out to much larger radii (similar to 1-2AU). We discuss whether the outer radius of the emission in V836 Tau results from the physical truncation of the disk or an excitation effect. We also explore how either of these hypotheses may bear on our understanding of disk dissipation in this system.
C1 [Najita, Joan R.; Crockett, Nathan] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Carr, John S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Najita, JR (reprint author), Natl Opt Astron Observ, 950 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
NR 73
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 10
PY 2008
VL 687
IS 2
BP 1168
EP 1179
DI 10.1086/592000
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 367QG
UT WOS:000260566700030
ER
PT J
AU Brooks, DH
Warren, HP
AF Brooks, David H.
Warren, Harry P.
TI MODELING OF THE EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET AND SOFT X-RAY EMISSION IN A SOLAR
CORONAL BRIGHT POINT
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun: activity; Sun: corona; Sun: magnetic fields; Sun: UV radiation
ID ACTIVE-REGION; TRANSITION-REGION; ATOMIC DATABASE; SOHO MISSION; A
MISSION; CDS-NIS; TELESCOPE; LOOPS; EXPLORER; INTERCALIBRATION
AB Previous studies have been able to reproduce both the observed intensities and the morphology of high-temperature solar plasma using steady state heating models. These models, however, have been unable to reproduce the lower temperature emission observed in active regions. Here we present results from numerical simulations of a coronal bright point. We use potential field extrapolations of a Kitt Peak magnetogram to compute the coronal field lines and populate them with solutions to the hydrostatic loop equations based on a volumetric heating function that scales as (B) over bar/ L, where (B) over bar is the magnetic field strength averaged along a field line and L is the loop length. We consider the effects of altering the magnitude and scale height of the energy deposition and the effect of allowing the loop cross sections to expand proportionally to 1/(B) over bar. We then use the computed densities and temperatures to calculate average intensities and simulated EUV and soft X-ray images and compared them to Yohkoh and SOIIO observations. We find that our best-case model (apex heating of expanding loops) can reproduce the high-temperature emission, the general morphology of the lower temperature emission, and the majority of the average intensities of reliable lines over a wide range of temperatures to within similar to 20%. The morphology in the EUV visualizations, however, shows some differences from the observations. These results suggest the role of nonpotential or evolving magnetic fields, or dynamic processes, but indicate that departures from the potential field hydrostatic case may not be too large.
C1 [Brooks, David H.; Warren, Harry P.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Brooks, DH (reprint author), George Mason Univ, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22020 USA.
EM dhbrooks@ssd5.nrl.navy.mil; hwarren@nrl.navy.mil
FU NASA Guest Investigator program; Office of Naval Research
FX We thank John Mariska, Amy Winebarger, and the referee for helpful
comments on the manuscript. SOHO is a project of international
collaboration between the European Space Agency and NASA. The EIT data
are courtesy of the EIT consortium. CDS was built and is operated by a
consortium led by the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory and including the
Mullard Space Science Laboratory, the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center,
Oslo University, and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial
Physics, Garching. Yohkoh is a mission of the Institute of Space and
Astronautical Sciences (Japan), with participation from the US and the
UK. The NSO/Kitt Peak data were produced cooperatively by NSF/NOAO,
NASA/GSFC, and NOAA/SEC. CHIANTI is a collaborative project involving
the NRL (USA), RAL (UK), and the Universities of Florence (Italy) and
Cambridge (UK). This research was supported by the NASA Guest
Investigator program and the Office of Naval Research.
NR 38
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 10
PY 2008
VL 687
IS 2
BP 1363
EP 1372
DI 10.1086/591834
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 367QG
UT WOS:000260566700045
ER
PT J
AU Muglach, K
AF Muglach, K.
TI EXPLOSIVE EVENTS AND THE EVOLUTION OF THE PHOTOSPHERIC MAGNETIC FIELD
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun: magnetic fields; Sun: photosphere; Sun: transition region
ID TRANSITION REGION BLINKERS; MICHELSON DOPPLER IMAGER; QUIET-SUN;
ACTIVE-REGION; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET; BRIGHT POINTS; NETWORK;
INTERNETWORK; SUMER; SPECTROMETER
AB Transition region explosive events have long been suggested as direct signatures of magnetic reconnection in the solar atmosphere. In seeking further observational evidence to support this interpretation, we study the relation between explosive events and the evolution of the solar magnetic field as seen in line-of-sight photospheric magnetograms. We find that about 38% of events show changes of the magnetic structure in the photosphere at the location of an explosive event over a time period of 1 hr. We also discuss potential ambiguities in the analysis of high-sensitivity magnetograms.
C1 [Muglach, K.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Muglach, K.] Artcp Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA.
RP Muglach, K (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
FU NASA's Sun-Earth Connection Guest Investigator program [NNG04ED07P]
FX We would like to thank the SUMER team, especially W. Curdt and U.
Schuehle, and the MDI team for help with the data. Valuable discussions
and help from J. Cook, K. Dere, J. Mariska, J. Karpen, I. Ugarte-Urra,
and Y.-M. Wang are gratefully acknowledged. This work was supported by
NASA's Sun-Earth Connection Guest Investigator program(project
NNG04ED07P), which is gratefully acknowledged. SOHO is a project of
international cooperation between ESA and NASA.
NR 47
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 10
PY 2008
VL 687
IS 2
BP 1398
EP 1405
DI 10.1086/592065
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 367QG
UT WOS:000260566700048
ER
PT J
AU Atoyan, A
Dermer, CD
AF Atoyan, Armen
Dermer, Charles D.
TI GAMMA RAYS FROM ULTRA-HIGH-ENERGY COSMIC RAYS IN CYGNUS A
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: active; galaxies: individual (Cygnus A); galaxies: jets; gamma
rays: theory; radiation mechanisms: nonthermal
ID EXTRAGALACTIC RADIO-SOURCES; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; CHANDRA X-RAY;
MAGNETIC-FIELD; COMA CLUSTER; GALAXIES; EMISSION; RADIATION; JETS
AB Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) accelerated in the jets of active galactic nuclei can accumulate in high magnetic field, similar to 100 kpc-scale regions surrounding powerful radio galaxies. Photohadronic processes involving UHECRs and photons of the extragalactic background light make ultrarelativistic electrons and positrons that initiate electromagnetic cascades, leading to the production of a gamma-ray synchrotron halo. We calculate the halo emission in the case of Cygnus A and show that it should be detectable with the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope and possibly detectable with ground-based gamma-ray telescopes if radio galaxies are the sources of UHECRs.
C1 [Atoyan, Armen] Concordia Univ, Dept Math, Montreal, PQ H3G 1M8, Canada.
[Dermer, Charles D.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Atoyan, A (reprint author), Concordia Univ, Dept Math, 1455 Maisonneuve Blvd W, Montreal, PQ H3G 1M8, Canada.
EM atoyan@mathstat.concordia.ca; charles.dermer@nrl.navy.mil
FU GLAST Interdisciplinary Science Investigation [DPR-S-1563-Y]; Office of
Naval Research
FX We thank Vladimir Vassiliev for discussion and providing the VERITAS
sensitivities, Teddy Cheung and Felix Aharonian for important comments,
and the referee for a detailed report. The work of A. A. and visits to
NRL were supported by the GLAST Interdisciplinary Science Investigation
Grant DPR-S-1563-Y. The work of C. D. D. is supported by the Office of
Naval Research.
NR 28
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD NOV 10
PY 2008
VL 687
IS 2
BP L75
EP L78
DI 10.1086/593202
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 398KZ
UT WOS:000262732300006
ER
PT J
AU Hart, SJ
Terray, A
Arnold, J
Leski, TA
AF Hart, Sean J.
Terray, Alex
Arnold, Jonathan
Leski, Tomasz A.
TI Preparative optical chromatography with external collection and analysis
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID MANIPULATION; PARTICLES; SEPARATION; ARRAYS; TRAP
AB Optical chromatography, used for particle separation, involves loosely focusing a laser into a fluid flowing opposite the direction of laser propagation. When microscopic particles in the flow path encounter this beam they are trapped axially along the beam and are pushed upstream from the laser focal point to rest at a point where the optical and fluid forces on the particle balance. Because optical and fluid forces are sensitive to differences in the physical and chemical properties of a particle, separations are possible. An optical chromatography beam which completely fills a fluid channel can operate as an optically tunable filter for the preparative separation of polymeric/colloidal and biological samples. We show how the technique can be used to separate injected samples containing large numbers of colloids. The power of optical chromatographic separations is illustrated through combination with epi-fluorescence microscopy and sample purification for real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detection of Bacillus anthracis spores. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Hart, Sean J.; Terray, Alex; Arnold, Jonathan; Leski, Tomasz A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Hart, SJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6112,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM sean.hart@nrl.navy.mil
RI Leski, Tomasz/K-6916-2013
OI Leski, Tomasz/0000-0001-7688-9887
FU Naval Research Laboratory (NRL); Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA)
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the Naval Research Laboratory
(NRL) and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) for support of this
research. Special thanks are also offered to Joseph Taylor for
discussions regarding the manuscript.
NR 14
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 8
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD NOV 10
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 23
BP 18782
EP 18789
DI 10.1364/OE.16.018782
PG 8
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 371XM
UT WOS:000260866000026
PM 19581966
ER
PT J
AU Mildren, RP
Butler, JE
Rabeau, JR
AF Mildren, Richard P.
Butler, James E.
Rabeau, James R.
TI CVD-diamond external cavity Raman laser at 573 nm
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL DIAMOND; SOLID-STATE; GENERATION; SCATTERING;
ULTRAVIOLET; RADIATION; EFFICIENT; EMISSION; STOKES
AB Recent progress in diamond growth via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) has enabled the manufacture of single crystal samples of sufficient size and quality for realizing Raman laser devices. Here we report an external cavity CVD-diamond Raman laser pumped by a Q-switched 532 nm laser. In the investigated configuration, the dominant output coupling was by reflection loss at the diamond's uncoated Brewster angle facets caused by the crystal's inherent birefringence. Output pulses of wavelength 573 nm with a combined energy of 0.3 mJ were obtained with a slope efficiency of conversion of up to 22%. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Mildren, Richard P.; Rabeau, James R.] Macquarie Univ, MQ Photon Res Ctr, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia.
[Butler, James E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Rabeau, James R.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Phys, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia.
RP Mildren, RP (reprint author), Macquarie Univ, MQ Photon Res Ctr, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia.
EM rmildren@ics.mq.edu.au
RI Butler, James/B-7965-2008; Rabeau, James/B-5367-2009; Mildren, Richard
/C-6248-2009;
OI Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176; Mildren, Richard/0000-0002-1521-2423
NR 32
TC 52
Z9 53
U1 1
U2 20
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD NOV 10
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 23
BP 18950
EP 18955
DI 10.1364/OE.16.018950
PG 6
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 371XM
UT WOS:000260866000046
PM 19581986
ER
PT J
AU Saxena, V
Marcu, L
Karunasiri, G
AF Saxena, Vishal
Marcu, Laura
Karunasiri, Gamani
TI A novel noninvasive all optical technique to monitor physiology of an
exercising muscle
SO PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; CARPAL-TUNNEL SYNDROME; BLOOD-FLOW;
SKELETAL-MUSCLE; O-2 CONSUMPTION; HEAT-TRANSFER; STEADY-STATE;
NITRIC-OXIDE; THERMOGRAPHY; OXYGENATION
AB An all optical technique based on near-infrared spectroscopy and mid-infrared imaging (MIRI) is applied as a noninvasive, in vivo tool to monitor the vascular status of skeletal muscle and the physiological changes that occur during exercise. A near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technique, namely, steady state diffuse optical spectroscopy (SSDOS) along with MIRI is applied for monitoring the changes in the values of tissue oxygenation and thermometry of an exercising muscle. The NIRS measurements are performed at five discrete wavelengths in a spectral window of 650-850 nm and MIRI is performed in a spectral window of 8-12 mu m. The understanding of tissue oxygenation status and the behavior of the physiological parameters derived from thermometry may provide a useful insight into muscle physiology, therapeutic response and treatment.
C1 [Saxena, Vishal] Univ So Calif, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA.
[Saxena, Vishal] Appwave, Hartford, CT 06119 USA.
[Marcu, Laura] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Bioengn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Karunasiri, Gamani] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Saxena, V (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Radiol, 4650 Sunset Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA.
EM Vsaxena@usc.edu
FU Appwave CT
FX Authors gratefully acknowledge the support of Fred Dorey
(biostatistics), Sandra Young (physiologist) Jon F Nielsen (radiologist)
and Thanassis Papaioannou (biotechnologist). The financial and technical
support from Appwave CT is gratefully acknowledged.
NR 64
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 8
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0031-9155
EI 1361-6560
J9 PHYS MED BIOL
JI Phys. Med. Biol.
PD NOV 7
PY 2008
VL 53
IS 21
BP 6211
EP 6225
DI 10.1088/0031-9155/53/21/021
PG 15
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 361NG
UT WOS:000260133800021
PM 18854609
ER
PT J
AU Love, CT
Karbhari, VM
AF Love, C. T.
Karbhari, V. M.
TI Filled reactive ethylene terpolymer primers for cathodic disbondment
mitigation
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE coatings; degradation; fillers; thermoplastics
ID HIGH-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; POLYPROPYLENE
COMPOSITES; ORGANIC COATINGS; THERMOPLASTIC POLYESTER;
THERMAL-PROPERTIES; BLENDS; ADHESIVE; SURFACE; EPOXY
AB A reactive ethylene terpolymer (RET) with inorganic fillers of clay, talc, and zinc was examined for its cathodic disbondment (CD) performance and as a potential coating primer material for pipeline applications. The filler type and volume fraction influenced the mechanical, thermal, adhesion, and CD resistance of the coatings. The tensile modulus and strength of the RETs increased at higher loadings of selected fillers. The dry adhesive strength of the clay-filled RET maintained the same level of adhesion up to approximately 23 vol %, whereas the talc- and zinc-filled RETs showed decreases in adhesive performance. CD resistance was significantly improved with 18-23 vol % clay, whereas the overall disbondment area was reduced approximately 82% from pure RET. However, the post-cathodic-disbondment adhesive strength for the clay-filled RET decreased as a result of the degradation of the primer/topcoat interface caused by moisture absorption. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 [Love, C. T.; Karbhari, V. M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Karbhari, V. M.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
RP Karbhari, VM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM vmk0001@uah.edu
FU DuPont Chemical Co
FX Contract grant sponsor: DuPont Chemical Co.
NR 45
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0021-8995
J9 J APPL POLYM SCI
JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci.
PD NOV 5
PY 2008
VL 110
IS 3
BP 1531
EP 1544
DI 10.1002/app.28564
PG 14
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 347VA
UT WOS:000259168100033
ER
PT J
AU Lawenda, BD
Blumberg, JB
Sagar, SM
AF Lawenda, Brian D.
Blumberg, Jeffrey B.
Sagar, Stephen M.
TI Re: Should Supplemental Antioxidant Administration Be Avoided During
Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy? Response
SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
LA English
DT Letter
ID NECK-CANCER PATIENTS; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; INCREASE SURVIVAL; NUTRIENTS;
MELATONIN; VITAMINS; HEAD; KILL
C1 [Lawenda, Brian D.] USN, Div Radiat Oncol, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[Lawenda, Brian D.] USN, Breast Hlth Ctr, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[Lawenda, Brian D.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Lawenda, Brian D.] Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
[Blumberg, Jeffrey B.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Antioxidants Res Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr Human Nutr Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Sagar, Stephen M.] McMaster Univ, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
RP Lawenda, BD (reprint author), USN, Div Radiat Oncol, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
EM brian.lawenda@med.navy.mil
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0027-8874
J9 J NATL CANCER I
JI J. Natl. Cancer Inst.
PD NOV 5
PY 2008
VL 100
IS 21
DI 10.1093/jnci/djn348
PG 2
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA 373OQ
UT WOS:000260981900015
ER
PT J
AU Ueno, T
Summers, E
Wun-Fogle, M
Higuchi, T
AF Ueno, Toshiyuki
Summers, Eric
Wun-Fogle, Marilyn
Higuchi, Toshiro
TI Micro-magnetostrictive vibrator using iron-gallium alloy
SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Galfenol; Micro-actuator; Magnetostriction; Ultra precision machining;
Stress annealing
ID FE-GA-AL; STRESS; TRANSDUCER; GALFENOL
AB A micro-magnetostrictive vibrator using an iron-gallium alloy (Galfenol) drive element was investigated. Galfenol is an iron-based magnetostrictive material with magnetostrictions greater than 200 ppm, a high relative permeability mu(r) > 70 and a Young's modulus of similar to 70 GPa. This material is machinable by conventional cutting techniques, and can operate under tensile, bending, and impact loads without degradation in performance. A micro-actuator using Galfenol, therefore, has advantages over a PZT type actuator in design simplicity, low drive voltage requirements, high robustness, and a wide temperature operating range. This paper describes the design, fabrication process, and performance of a micro-vibrator which utilizes either an un-annealed or stress-annealed Galfenol pin as the drive element. A displacement of 1.2 mu m was observed with a high bandwidth of 30 kHz and a high tensile robustness withstanding a suspended weight of 500 g (6 MPa). The vibrator was also verified to be useful as a speaker which can generate clear sound from the power of a portable music player. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ueno, Toshiyuki; Higuchi, Toshiro] Univ Tokyo, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138656, Japan.
[Summers, Eric] Etrema Prod Inc, Ames, IA USA.
[Wun-Fogle, Marilyn] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD USA.
RP Ueno, T (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1138656, Japan.
EM ueno@intellect.pe.u-tokyo.ac.jp
NR 11
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0924-4247
J9 SENSOR ACTUAT A-PHYS
JI Sens. Actuator A-Phys.
PD NOV 4
PY 2008
VL 148
IS 1
BP 280
EP 284
DI 10.1016/j.sna.2008.08.017
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 371AP
UT WOS:000260804500038
ER
PT J
AU Luo, WM
Yu, QS
Tweedie, D
Deschamps, J
Parrish, D
Holloway, HW
Li, YZ
Brossi, A
Greig, NH
AF Luo, Weiming
Yu, Qian-Sheng
Tweedie, David
Deschamps, Jeffery
Parrish, Damon
Holloway, Harold W.
Li, Yazhou
Brossi, Arnold
Greig, Nigel H.
TI Syntheses of Aromatic Substituted 6 '-Thiothalidomides
SO SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART
LA English
DT Article
DE 6 '-thiothalidomides; TNF-alpha; thionation; regioselectivity; HMBC
ID ERYTHEMA-NODOSUM LEPROSUM; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS; ALPHA PRODUCTION;
THALIDOMIDE; DERIVATIVES; ANALOGS; INHIBITION; ACIDS
AB A resurgence of interest in thalidomide has occurred as a consequence of its diverse immunomodulatory and anticancer actions. which has fuelled interest in synthetic analogues with higher potencies or less undesirable side effect profiles. Several novel aromatic substituted 6'-thiothalidomides were synthesized whose synthetic route and strategy were developed on the basis of an analysis of reaction mechanisms. The regioselectivity of mono-thionation of aromatic substituted thalidomides with Lawesson's reagent is described, and the chemoselectivity of hydrogenation between the nitro group and 6'-thiocarbonyl group is discussed. Full characterization of eight substituted 6'-thiothalidomides is reported.
C1 [Luo, Weiming; Yu, Qian-Sheng; Tweedie, David; Holloway, Harold W.; Li, Yazhou; Greig, Nigel H.] NIA, Drug Design & Dev Sect, Neurosci Lab, Intramural Res Program,NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA.
[Deschamps, Jeffery; Parrish, Damon] USN, Res Lab, Dept Navy, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Brossi, Arnold] Univ N Carolina, Sch Pharm, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
RP Greig, NH (reprint author), NIA, Drug Design & Dev Sect, Neurosci Lab, Intramural Res Program,NIH, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA.
EM Greign@grc.nia.nih.gov
OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010
FU National Institute on Aging; National Institutes of Health
FX This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program
of the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health. The
authors are indebted to the Intramural Research Program of the National
Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, for use of NMR equipment.
NR 19
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 2
PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG
PI STUTTGART
PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY
SN 0039-7881
J9 SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART
JI Synthesis
PD NOV 3
PY 2008
IS 21
BP 3415
EP 3422
DI 10.1055/s-0028-1083179
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA 375MO
UT WOS:000261118200009
ER
PT J
AU Parrish, DA
Juromski, K
Marteel-Parrish, A
Damavarapu, R
Zang, MX
Paritosh, D
AF Parrish, Damon A.
Juromski, Katie
Marteel-Parrish, Anne
Damavarapu, Reddy
Zang, Maoxi
Paritosh, Dave
TI Tris(4-acetamidophenoxymethyl)methanol 0.7-hydrate
SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION E-STRUCTURE REPORTS ONLINE
LA English
DT Article
AB The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(28)H(31)N(3)O(7)center dot 0.7H(2)O, contains a molecule of tris(4-acetamidophenoxymethyl) methanol and 0.7 of a water molecule. An extensive hydrogen-bonding network includes interactions between all components of the crystal structure.
C1 [Parrish, Damon A.] USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Juromski, Katie; Marteel-Parrish, Anne] Washington Coll, Chestertown, MD 21620 USA.
[Damavarapu, Reddy; Zang, Maoxi; Paritosh, Dave] Geocenters Inc, Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA.
RP Parrish, DA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Code 6030, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM damon.parrish@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); Naval Research Laboratory (NRL)
FX Crystallographic studies were supported in part by the Office of Naval
Research (ONR) and the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL).
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1600-5368
J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR E
JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. E.-Struct Rep. Online
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 64
BP O2201
EP U2749
DI 10.1107/S1600536808032194
PN 11
PG 11
WC Crystallography
SC Crystallography
GA 368FU
UT WOS:000260607800252
PM 21581059
ER
PT J
AU Vincent, P
Tummala, M
McEachen, J
AF Vincent, Patrick
Tummala, Murali
McEachen, John
TI A new method for distributing power usage across a sensor network
SO AD HOC NETWORKS
LA English
DT Article
CT 3rd Annual IEEE-Communications-Society Conference on Sensor, Mesh and AD
HOC Communications and Networks
CY SEP 25-28, 2006
CL Reston, VA
SP IEEE Commun Soc
DE Sensor networks; Energy management; Unmanned vehicles
ID WIRELESS; PROTOCOLS; SEARCH
AB We present a method for more uniformly distributing the energy burden across a wireless ground-based sensor network communicating with ail overhead unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). A subset of sensor nodes, termed a transmit cluster, receives and aggregates data gathered by the entire network, and forms a distributed antenna array, concentrating the radiated transmission into a narrow beam aimed towards the UAV. Because these duties are power-intensive, the role of transmit cluster must be shifted to different nodes as time progresses. We present ail algorithm to reassign the transmit cluster, specifying the time that should elapse between reassignments and the number of hops that should be placed between successive transmit clusters in order to achieve three competing goals: first, we wish to better and more broadly spread the energy load across the sensor network while, second, minimizing the energy expended in moving the transmit cluster, all the while, third, reducing to the extent practicable the time to bring the UAV and the sensor network's beam into alignment. Additionally, we present a method for reconfiguring the communication burden between the ground-based sensor network and the UAV. We describe and analyze two alternative strategies to bring the UAV and the sensor network's beam into alignment, while minimizing the energy expended by the sensor network. The performance of the two strategies is compared in terms of probability of beam-UAV alignment as a function of time, and the expected time to alignment. We examine the performance tradeoff between the choice of strategy and parameters of the sensor network that affect power conservation. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Vincent, Patrick] USN Acad, Dept Comp Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Tummala, Murali; McEachen, John] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Vincent, P (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Comp Sci, 572M Holloway Rd Stop 9F, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM vincent@usna.edu
NR 23
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1570-8705
J9 AD HOC NETW
JI Ad Hoc Netw.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 6
IS 8
BP 1258
EP 1280
DI 10.1016/j.adhoc.2007.11.014
PG 23
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications
SC Computer Science; Telecommunications
GA 408CM
UT WOS:000263411200006
ER
PT J
AU Smith, TC
Ryan, MAK
Smith, B
Gackstetter, GD
Wells, TS
Amoroso, PJ
Hooper, TI
Boyko, EJ
AF Smith, Tyler C.
Ryan, Margaret A. K.
Smith, Besa
Gackstetter, Gary D.
Wells, Timothy S.
Amoroso, Paul J.
Hooper, Tomoko I.
Boyko, Edward J.
CA Millennium Cohort Study Team
TI RE: "PSYCHIATRIC DIAGNOSES IN HISTORIC AND CONTEMPORARY MILITARY
COHORTS: COMBAT DEPLOYMENT AND THE HEALTHY WARRIOR EFFECT"
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; MILLENNIUM COHORT; US MILITARY;
AFGHANISTAN; SERVICE; IRAQ
C1 [Smith, Tyler C.; Smith, Besa] USN, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA.
[Ryan, Margaret A. K.] USN, Dept Occupat Hlth, Hosp Camp Pendleton, Camp Pendleton, CA USA.
[Gackstetter, Gary D.] Analyt Serv & Mat Inc, Arlington, VA USA.
[Wells, Timothy S.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Amoroso, Paul J.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Ft Lewis, WA USA.
[Hooper, Tomoko I.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Boyko, Edward J.] Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Dept Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Smith, TC (reprint author), USN, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA.
EM tyler.smith2@med.navy.mil
NR 10
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0002-9262
J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL
JI Am. J. Epidemiol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2008
VL 168
IS 9
BP 1094
EP U11
DI 10.1093/aje/kwn262
PG 2
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 365BM
UT WOS:000260380900020
PM 18775922
ER
PT J
AU Larson, GE
Highfill-McRoy, RM
Booth-Kewley, S
AF Larson, Gerald E.
Highfill-McRoy, Robyn M.
Booth-Kewley, Stephanie
TI RE: "PSYCHIATRIC DIAGNOSES IN HISTORIC AND CONTEMPORARY MILITARY
COHORTS: COMBAT DEPLOYMENT AND THE HEALTHY WARRIOR EFFECT REPLY
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; ATTRITION; AFGHANISTAN; DUTY; IRAQ; CARE
C1 [Larson, Gerald E.; Highfill-McRoy, Robyn M.; Booth-Kewley, Stephanie] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Behav Sci & Epidemiol Dept, San Diego, CA USA.
[Highfill-McRoy, Robyn M.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA.
RP Larson, GE (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Behav Sci & Epidemiol Dept, San Diego, CA USA.
EM Robyn.Highfill@med.navy.mil
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0002-9262
J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL
JI Am. J. Epidemiol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2008
VL 168
IS 9
BP 1096
EP 1098
DI 10.1093/aje/kwn264
PG 3
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 365BM
UT WOS:000260380900022
ER
PT J
AU Murray-Krezan, J
AF Murray-Krezan, J.
TI The classical dynamics of Rydberg Stark atoms in momentum space
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID HALF-CYCLE PULSES; HYDROGEN-ATOM; STATES; VIEW; ELECTRON; FIELD
AB The classical dynamics of a bound electron in a static electric field is discussed. The well-known Hamiltonian-Jacobi equations are examined and reexpressed in momentum coordinates, the preferred coordinates for the interpretation of many experimental measurements. It is shown that the combined Coulomb and static electric fields result in classically forbidden regions in momentum space. The equations of motion are discussed and the role of the electron's angular momentum is described. (c) 2008 American Association of Physics Teachers.
C1 [Murray-Krezan, J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Murray-Krezan, J.] Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
RP Murray-Krezan, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
FU AFOSR
FX The author benefited from helpful discussions with R. R. Jones and
support from the AFOSR.
NR 27
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICS TEACHERS AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0002-9505
J9 AM J PHYS
JI Am. J. Phys.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 76
IS 11
BP 1007
EP 1011
DI 10.1119/1.2961081
PG 5
WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Education & Educational Research; Physics
GA 359KF
UT WOS:000259984900006
ER
PT J
AU Borowsky, JF
Giordano, BC
Lu, Q
Terray, A
Collins, GE
AF Borowsky, Joseph F.
Giordano, Braden C.
Lu, Qin
Terray, Alex
Collins, Greg E.
TI Electroosmotic Flow-Based Pump for Liquid Chromatography on a Planar
Microchip
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID MICELLAR ELECTROKINETIC CHROMATOGRAPHY; CAPILLARY ELECTROCHROMATOGRAPHY;
INNER DIAMETERS; ON-CHIP; COLUMN; ELECTROPHORESIS; SEPARATIONS;
EXPLOSIVES; PLATFORM; PHASES
AB An electroosmotic flow (EOF)-based pump, integrated with a sol-gel stationary phase located in the electric field-free region of a microchip, enabled the separation of six nitroaromatic and nitramine explosives and their degradation products via liquid chromatography (LC). The integrated pump and LC system were fabricated within a single quartz substrate. The pump region consisted of a straight channel (3.0 cm x 230 pm x 100 pm) packed lwith 5-mu m porous silica beads. The sol-gel stationary phase was derived from a precursor mixture of methyltrimethoxy- and phenethyltzimethoxysilanes and was synthesized in the downstream, field-free region of the microchip, resulting in a stationary-phase monolith with dimensions of 2.6 cm x 230 mu m x 100 mu m. Fluid dynamic design considerations are discussed, especially as they relate to integrating the EOF pump with the LC system. Pump and separation performance, as characterized by flow rate measurements, injection, elution, separation, and detection, point to a viable analytical chemistry platform that encompasses all of the benefits expected of portable, laboratory-on-chip systems, including reduced sample requirements and small packaging.
C1 [Borowsky, Joseph F.; Lu, Qin; Terray, Alex; Collins, Greg E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Giordano, Braden C.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA.
RP Collins, GE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW,Code 6112, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM greg.collins@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research; Naval Research Laboratory (NRL); NRL
Postdoctoral Fellow; American Society for Engineering Educadon
FX The authors thank the Office of Naval Research for funding support of
this effort through the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). J.F.B. was a
NRL Postdoctoral Fellow and sponsored by the American Society for
Engineering Educadon during the course of this work. J.F.B. and B.C.G.
contributed equally to this work.
NR 25
TC 35
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 23
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD NOV 1
PY 2008
VL 80
IS 21
BP 8287
EP 8292
DI 10.1021/ac801497r
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 367QJ
UT WOS:000260567000053
PM 18837518
ER
PT J
AU Sozhamannan, S
McKinstry, M
Lentz, SM
Jalasvuori, M
McAfee, F
Smith, A
Dabbs, J
Ackermann, HW
Bamford, JKH
Mateczun, A
Read, TD
AF Sozhamannan, Shanmuga
McKinstry, Michael
Lentz, Shannon M.
Jalasvuori, Matti
McAfee, Farrell
Smith, Angela
Dabbs, Jason
Ackermann, Hans-W.
Bamford, Jaana K. H.
Mateczun, Alfred
Read, Timothy D.
TI Molecular Characterization of a Variant of Bacillus anthracis-Specific
Phage AP50 with Improved Bacteriolytic Activity
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GAMMA-PHAGE; CEREUS; BACTERIOPHAGE; IDENTIFICATION; GENOME; EVOLUTION;
PBCLIN15; VIRUSES; BAM35; PRD1
AB The genome sequence of a Bacillus anthracis-specific clear plaque mutant phage, AP50c, contains 31 open reading frames spanning 14,398 bp, has two mutations compared to wild-type AP50t, and has a colinear genome architecture highly similar to that of gram-positive Tectiviridae phages. Spontaneous AP50c-resistant B. anthracis mutants exhibit a mucoid colony phenotype.
C1 [Sozhamannan, Shanmuga; McKinstry, Michael; Lentz, Shannon M.; McAfee, Farrell; Smith, Angela; Dabbs, Jason; Mateczun, Alfred; Read, Timothy D.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Jalasvuori, Matti; Bamford, Jaana K. H.] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Jyvaskyla 40104, Finland.
[Jalasvuori, Matti; Bamford, Jaana K. H.] Univ Jyvaskyla, Nanosci Ctr, Jyvaskyla 40104, Finland.
[Ackermann, Hans-W.] Univ Laval, Dept Med Biol, Fac Med, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada.
RP Sozhamannan, S (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Genom Dept, Biol Def Res Directorate Annex, 12300 Washington Ave, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
EM Shanmuga.Sozhamannan@med.navy.mil
RI Read, Timothy/E-6240-2011
FU U. S. government [8.10084_08_NM_B]; Finnish Centre of Excellence Program
[1213467]
FX This work was supported by funds from the Defense Threat Reduction
Agency, Department of Defense of the U. S. government (BDRD authors;
grant no. 8.10084_08_NM_B), and by Finnish Centre of Excellence Program
(2006-2011) grant 1213467 (J.K.H.B.).
NR 22
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 74
IS 21
BP 6792
EP 6796
DI 10.1128/AEM.01124-08
PG 5
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 365TB
UT WOS:000260429600037
PM 18791014
ER
PT J
AU Kim, H
Kushto, GP
Auyeung, RCY
Pique, A
AF Kim, H.
Kushto, G. P.
Auyeung, R. C. Y.
Pique, A.
TI Optimization of F-doped SnO2 electrodes for organic photovoltaic devices
SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
ID INDIUM-TIN-OXIDE; PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICES;
THIN-FILMS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; CELLS; DIODES
AB Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) thin films have been investigated as an alternative to indium tin oxide anodes in organic photovoltaic devices. The structural, electrical, and optical properties of the FTO films grown by pulsed laser deposition were studied as a function of oxygen deposition pressure. For 400 nm thick FTO films deposited at 300 degrees C and 6.7 Pa of oxygen, an electrical resistivity of 5x10(-4) Omega-cm, sheet resistance of 12.5 Omega/square, average transmittance of 87% in the visible range, and optical band gap of 4.25 eV were obtained. Organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene)/[6,6]-phenyl-C-61-butyric acid methyl ester bulk heterojunctions were prepared on FTO/glass electrodes and the device performance was investigated as a function of FTO film thickness. OPV cells fabricated on the optimum FTO anodes (similar to 300-600 nm thick) exhibited power conversion efficiencies of similar to 3%, which is comparable to the same device made on commercial ITO/glass electrodes (3.4%).
C1 [Kim, H.; Kushto, G. P.; Auyeung, R. C. Y.; Pique, A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Kim, H.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA USA.
RP Pique, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM pique@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research (ONR)
FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR).
NR 34
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 28
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0947-8396
J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER
JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 2
BP 521
EP 526
DI 10.1007/s00339-008-4756-z
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 347KU
UT WOS:000259141300039
ER
PT J
AU Kim, H
Cepler, A
Cetina, C
Knies, D
Osofsky, MS
Auyeung, RCY
Pique, A
AF Kim, H.
Cepler, A.
Cetina, C.
Knies, D.
Osofsky, M. S.
Auyeung, R. C. Y.
Pique, A.
TI Pulsed laser deposition of Zr-N codoped p-type ZnO thin films
SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
AB Present p-type ZnO films tend to exhibit high resistivity and low carrier concentration, and they revert to their natural n-type state within days after deposition. One approach to grow higher quality p-type ZnO is by codoping the ZnO during growth. This article describes recent results from the growth and characterization of Zr-N codoped p-type ZnO thin films by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on (0001) sapphire substrates. For this work, both N-doped and Zr-N codoped p-type ZnO films were grown for comparison purposes at substrate temperatures ranging between 400 to 700 degrees C and N2O background pressures between 10(-5) to 10(-2) Torr. The carrier type and conduction were found to be very sensitive to substrate temperature and N2O deposition pressure. P-type conduction was observed for films grown at pressures between 10(-3) to 10(-2) Torr. The Zr-N codoped ZnO films grown at 550 degrees C in 1x10(-3) Torr of N2O show p-type conduction behavior with a very low resistivity of 0.89 Omega-cm, a carrier concentration of 5.0x10(18) cm(-3), and a Hall mobility of 1.4 cm(2)V(-1)s(-1). The structure, morphology and optical properties were also evaluated for both N-doped and Zr-N codoped ZnO films.
C1 [Kim, H.; Cepler, A.; Cetina, C.; Knies, D.; Osofsky, M. S.; Auyeung, R. C. Y.; Pique, A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Pique, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM pique@nrl.navy.mil
RI Osofsky, Michael/A-1050-2010
FU Office of Naval Research
FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research.
NR 19
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0947-8396
J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER
JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 3
BP 593
EP 598
DI 10.1007/s00339-008-4711-z
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 362SW
UT WOS:000260218400003
ER
PT J
AU Fredriksson, DW
Tsukrov, I
Hudson, P
AF Fredriksson, David W.
Tsukrov, Igor
Hudson, Patrick
TI Engineering investigation of design procedures for closed containment
marine aquaculture systems
SO AQUACULTURAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Closed confinement; Coastal aquaculture; Near shore fish production;
CFD; Wave forces
ID OPEN-OCEAN AQUACULTURE; MODELING TECHNIQUES; FINITE-ELEMENT; PANELS
AB The objective of this paper is to investigate potential design procedures for rigid, closed containment aquaculture systems deployed in the marine environment. In this context, closed containment is a term used to describe a range of aquaculture technologies that attempt to restrict and control interactions between farmed fish and the external aquatic environment, with the goal of minimizing impacts. The containment units are often closely spaced and moored to the seafloor bottom. The geographical area of interest is the Straits of Georgia, British Columbia in Canada.
In this study, the design configurations of multiple closed containment systems are investigated. The design procedures include examining: (1) local environmental conditions, (2) drag forces on multiple containment units, (3) wave loading, (4) undamped heave motions, (5) mooring gear components and (6) material stresses on a rigid containment structure. Operational and other design considerations are also discussed. Preliminary findings indicate that wave forces could be substantial. In addition, little is known about how containment units, which are closely spaced, will respond individually or as a farm when subjected to surface waves. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Fredriksson, David W.] USN Acad, Dept Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn, Annapolis, MD 21108 USA.
[Tsukrov, Igor] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Mech Engn, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Hudson, Patrick] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
RP Fredriksson, DW (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn, 590 Holloway Rd,11D, Annapolis, MD 21108 USA.
EM fredriks@usna.edu; igor.tsukrov@unh.edu; patrick.hudson@jhuapl.edu
NR 25
TC 8
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0144-8609
EI 1873-5614
J9 AQUACULT ENG
JI Aquac. Eng.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 39
IS 2-3
BP 91
EP 102
DI 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2008.08.002
PG 12
WC Agricultural Engineering; Fisheries
SC Agriculture; Fisheries
GA 387GD
UT WOS:000261938800004
ER
PT J
AU Chartrand, MM
Frank, DA
White, LF
Shope, TR
AF Chartrand, Molinda M.
Frank, Deborah A.
White, Laura F.
Shope, Timothy R.
TI Effect of Parents' Wartime Deployment on the Behavior of Young Children
in Military Families
SO ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Meeting of the
Pediatric-Academic-Societies/Academic-Pediatric-Association/Society-for-
Pediatric-Research National Conference
CY MAY 02-06, 2008
CL Honolulu, HI
SP Pediat Acad Soc, Acad Pediat Assoc, Soc Pediat Res
ID INDUCED SEPARATION; DESERT-STORM; IRAQ; WAR; MALTREATMENT; AFGHANISTAN;
ADOLESCENTS; DISORDER; STRESS
AB Objective: To describe the effect of wartime military deployments on the behavior of young children in military families.
Design: Cross-sectional study.
Setting: Childcare centers on a large Marine base.
Participants: Parents and childcare providers of children aged 11/2 to 5 years enrolled in on-base childcare centers.
Main Exposure: Parental deployment.
Outcome Measures: Mean externalizing, internalizing, and total symptom scores on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) (11/2-5 years) and the CBCL-Teacher Report Form (TRF) (11/2-5 years).
Results: One hundred sixty-nine of 233 consenting families (73%) participated. Nonresponders did not differ from responders in their child's age or TRF scores. Fifty-five children (33%) had a deployed parent. Parents with children aged 3 years or older and a deployed spouse had significantly higher depression scores than those without a deployed spouse. There were no differences in the demographic characteristics between groups. After controlling for respondent's age, stress and depressive symptoms, deployed service member's rank, and total number of children in the home, we found an age by deployment interaction: children aged 3 years or older with a deployed parent had significantly higher CBCL externalizing and total scores (externalizing, 48.50 vs 43.31, P < .05; total, 47.71 vs 42.68, P < .05) and externalizing and total TRF scores (externalizing, 50.21 vs 45.62, P < .05; total, 48.54 vs 43.73, P < .05) compared with same-aged peers without a deployed parent.
Conclusions: This study is the first to show that children aged 3 years or older with a deployed parent exhibit increased behavioral symptoms compared with peers without a deployed parent after controlling for caregiver's stress and depressive symptoms.
C1 [Chartrand, Molinda M.; Frank, Deborah A.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02118 USA.
[White, Laura F.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA USA.
[Shope, Timothy R.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Pediat, Portsmouth, VA USA.
RP Chartrand, MM (reprint author), PSC 9 Box 2263, APO, AE 09123 USA.
EM molinda.chartrand@spangdahlem.af.mil
NR 26
TC 96
Z9 96
U1 8
U2 21
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA
SN 1072-4710
J9 ARCH PEDIAT ADOL MED
JI Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 162
IS 11
BP 1009
EP 1014
DI 10.1001/archpedi.162.11.1009
PG 6
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 368DD
UT WOS:000260600600001
PM 18981347
ER
PT J
AU McCarthy, DD
Hackman, C
Nelson, RA
AF McCarthy, Dennis D.
Hackman, Christine
Nelson, Robert A.
TI THE PHYSICAL BASIS OF THE LEAP SECOND
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE celestial mechanics; Earth; reference systems; relativity; time
ID DEFINITION; ROTATION; TIME
AB International Atomic Time (TAI) is the internationally recognized timescale based on the second of the Systeme International d'Unites produced by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures using data from timing laboratories around the world. TAI is an atomic timescale without steps. Coordinated Universal Time, the basis of civil time, is derived from TAI but is currently defined such that it is maintained within 0.9 s of Universal Time (UT1), the measure of time defined by the Earth's rotation angle, through the insertion of 1 s increments called leap seconds. The difference between UT1 and TAI that motivates the use of leap seconds is related to the tidal deceleration of the Earth's rotation. However, a recent paper by Deines and Williams claims that the divergence is caused by a relativistic time dilation effect. The purpose of this paper is to explain the physical basis of the leap second and to point out that leap seconds are unrelated to relativity.
C1 [McCarthy, Dennis D.; Hackman, Christine] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA.
[Nelson, Robert A.] Satellite Engn Res Corp, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
RP McCarthy, DD (reprint author), USN Observ, 3450 Massachusetts Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20392 USA.
EM dennis.mccarthy@usno.navy.mil; christine.hackman@usno.navy.mil;
RobtNelson@aol.com
NR 24
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 136
IS 5
BP 1906
EP 1908
DI 10.1088/0004-6256/136/5/1906
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 361MT
UT WOS:000260132500015
ER
PT J
AU Punsly, B
Clarke, TE
Tingay, S
Gutierrez, CM
Rasmussen, J
Colbert, E
AF Punsly, Brian
Clarke, Tracy E.
Tingay, Steven
Gutierrez, Carlos M.
Rasmussen, Jesper
Colbert, Ed
TI THE FR II BROAD-LINE SEYFERT 1 GALAXY: PKS J1037-2705
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion; accretion disks; black hole physics; galaxies: active;
galaxies: individual (PKS J1037-2705); galaxies: jets; quasars: general
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; 3CR RADIO GALAXIES; BLACK-HOLE MASS; ACCRETION
DISK; RAY SOURCES; QUASARS; EMISSION; JETS; SPECTRA; OBJECTS
AB In this article we demonstrate that PKS J1037-2705 has a weak accretion flow luminosity, well below the Seyfert 1/QSO dividing line, weak broad emission lines (BELs), and moderately powerful FR II extended radio emission. It is one of the few documented examples of a broad-line object in which the time-averaged jet kinetic luminosity, (Q) over bar, is larger than the total thermal luminosity (IR to X-ray) of the accretion flow, L-bol. The blazar nucleus dominates the optical and near-ultraviolet emission and is a strong source of hard X-rays. The strong blazar emission indicates that the relativistic radio jet is presently active. The implication is that even weakly accreting AGNs can create powerful jets. Kinetically dominated ((Q) over bar > L-bol) broad-line objects provide important constraints on the relationship between the accretion flow and the jet production mechanism.
C1 [Punsly, Brian] ICRANet, I-65100 Pescara, Italy.
[Clarke, Tracy E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Clarke, Tracy E.] Interferometr Inc, Herndon, VA 20171 USA.
[Tingay, Steven] Curtin Univ Technol, Dept Imaging & Appl Phys, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia.
[Gutierrez, Carlos M.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38205 Tenerife, Spain.
[Colbert, Ed] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RP Punsly, B (reprint author), 4014 Emerald St 116, Torrance, CA 90503 USA.
EM brian.m.punsly@L-3com.com
RI Tingay, Steven/B-5271-2013;
OI Rasmussen, Jesper/0000-0002-3947-1518
NR 41
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 1
PY 2008
VL 687
IS 1
BP 162
EP 172
DI 10.1086/591650
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 364YD
UT WOS:000260370800014
ER
PT J
AU Kaplan, DL
Hyman, SD
Roy, S
Bandyopadhyay, RM
Chakrabarty, D
Kassim, NE
Lazio, TJW
Ray, PS
AF Kaplan, D. L.
Hyman, S. D.
Roy, S.
Bandyopadhyay, R. M.
Chakrabarty, D.
Kassim, N. E.
Lazio, T. J. W.
Ray, P. S.
TI A SEARCH FOR THE NEAR-INFRARED COUNTERPART TO GCRT J1745-3009
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Galaxy: center; infrared: stars; radio continuum: general; stars:
low-mass, brown dwarfs; stars: variables: other
ID COMPACT RADIO-SOURCES; COOL WHITE-DWARFS; PHOTOMETRIC STANDARD STARS;
INCREMENTAL DATA RELEASE; SKY SURVEY; GALACTIC-CENTER; INTERSTELLAR
EXTINCTION; COHERENT EMISSION; T-DWARF; X-RAY
AB We present an optical/near-infrared search for a counterpart to the perplexing radio transient GCRT J1745-3009, a source located similar to 1 degrees from the Galactic center. Motivated by some similarities to radio bursts from nearby ultracool dwarfs, and by a distance upper limit of 70 pc for the emission to not violate the 10(12) K brightness temperature limit for incoherent radiation, we searched for a nearby star at the position of GCRT J1745-3009. We found only a single marginal candidate, limiting the presence of any late-type star to > 1 kpc (spectral types earlier than M9), > 200 pc (spectral types L and T0-T4), and > 100 pc (spectral types T4-T7), thus severely restricting the possible local counterparts to GCRT J1745-3009. We also exclude any white dwarf within 1 kpc or a supergiant star out to the distance of the Galactic center as possible counterparts. This implies that GCRT J1745-3009 likely requires a coherent emission process, although whether or not it reflects a new class of sources is unclear.
C1 [Kaplan, D. L.; Chakrabarty, D.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Kaplan, D. L.; Chakrabarty, D.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Hyman, S. D.] Sweet Briar Coll, Dept Phys & Engn, Sweet Briar, VA 24595 USA.
[Roy, S.] NCRA TIFR, Pune 7, Maharashtra, India.
[Bandyopadhyay, R. M.] Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Kassim, N. E.; Lazio, T. J. W.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Ray, P. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Kaplan, DL (reprint author), MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM dlk@space.mit.edu; shyman@sbc.edu; roy@ncra.tifr.res.in;
reba@astro.ufl.edu; deepto@space.mit.edu; namir.kassim@nrl.navy.mil;
joseph.lazio@nrl.navy.mil; paul.ray@nrl.navy.mil
OI Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278
FU NASA through Hubble Fellowship [01207.01-A]; NASA [NAS 5-26555];
Research Corporation and SAO Chandra [GO6-7135F, GO6-7033B]; Space
Telescope Science Institute
FX We thank the anonymous referee for helpful comments, and A. Burgasser
for useful discussions. We also thank Jean-Rene Roy for awarding us
Director's Discretionary Time to obtain the NIRI observations (under
Gemini program GN-2005A-DD-13). Partial support for D. L. K. was also
provided by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant 01207.01-A awarded by
the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the
Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy ( AURA), Inc., for
NASA, under contract NAS 5-26555. S. D. H. is supported by funding from
Research Corporation and SAO Chandra grants GO6-7135F and GO6-7033B.
Basic research in astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is
supported by 6.1 base funding. PyRAF is a product of the Space Telescope
Science Institute, which is operated by AURA for NASA. This research has
made use of SAOImage DS9, developed by the Smithsonian Astrophysical
Observatory.
NR 64
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 1
PY 2008
VL 687
IS 1
BP 262
EP 271
DI 10.1086/591436
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 364YD
UT WOS:000260370800022
ER
PT J
AU Godon, P
Sion, EM
Barrett, PE
Szkody, P
Schlegel, EM
AF Godon, Patrick
Sion, Edward M.
Barrett, Paul E.
Szkody, Paula
Schlegel, Eric M.
TI FAR ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROSCOPIC EXPLORER SPECTROSCOPY OF THE NOVA-LIKE
CATACLYSMIC VARIABLE BB DORADUS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion, accretion disks; novae, cataclysmic variables; stars:
abundances; stars: individual (BB Doradus); white dwarfs
ID WHITE-DWARF; ACCRETION DISKS; MASS-RADIUS; STARS; ATMOSPHERES;
QUIESCENCE; BINARIES; SPECTRA; SYSTEMS
AB We present an analysis of the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) spectra of the little-known southern nova-like cataclysmic variable, BB Doradus. The spectrum was obtained as part of our Cycle 8 FUSE survey of high-declination nova-like stars. The FUSE spectrum of BB Dor, observed in a high state, is modeled with an accretion disk with a very low inclination (possibly lower than 10 degrees). Assuming an average white dwarf (WD) mass of 0.8 M-circle dot leads to a mass accretion rate of 10(-9) M-circle dot yr(-1) and a distance on the order of similar to 650 pc, consistent with the extremely low Galactic reddening in the direction of BB Dor. The spectrum presents some broad and deep silicon and sulfur absorption lines, indicating that these elements are overabundant by 3 and 20 times solar, respectively.
C1 [Godon, Patrick; Sion, Edward M.] Villanova Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Villanova, PA 19085 USA.
[Barrett, Paul E.] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA.
[Szkody, Paula] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Schlegel, Eric M.] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Phys & Astron, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
RP Godon, P (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
EM patrick.godon@villanova.edu; edward.sion@villanova.edu;
barrett.paul@usno.navy.mil; szkody@astro.washington.edu;
eric.schlegel@utsa.edu
FU University of Massachusetts; IPAC at the California Institute of
Technology; NASA and the National Science Foundation; NASA-CNES-CSA Far
Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE); Johns Hopkins University
under NASA [NAS5-32985]; NASA FUSE [NNX07AU50G]; Villanova University;
NSF [AST05-07514]
FX We thank the anonymous referee for a prompt, concise, and pertinent
report, which helped improve the analysis of the lines. Special thanks
go to the Austral Variable Star Observer Network (AVSON), and in
particular to Berto Monard for providing us with the visual magnitude of
BB Dor between 2005 September 2 and 2007 December 30, as well as to
Peter Nelson for quick-look V-band photometry of BB Dor on 2008 January
28. P. G. wishes to thank Mario Livio for his kind hospitality at the
Space Telescope Science Institute, where part of this work was done. The
infrared J, H, and K magnitudes of BB Dor were retrieved from the online
archival data of the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) at the Infrared
Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC). Part of this publication makes
use of the data products from 2MASS, which is a joint project of the
University of Massachusetts and IPAC at the California Institute of
Technology, and is funded by NASA and the National Science Foundation.
This research was based on observations made with the NASA-CNES-CSA Far
Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE). FUSE is operated for NASA by
the Johns Hopkins University under NASA contract NAS5-32985. This
research was supported by NASA FUSE grant NNX07AU50G to Villanova
University (P. G.). This work was also supported in part by NSF grant
AST05-07514 to Villanova (E. M. S.).
NR 25
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 1
PY 2008
VL 687
IS 1
BP 532
EP 541
DI 10.1086/591494
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 364YD
UT WOS:000260370800041
ER
PT J
AU Makarov, VV
Zacharias, N
Hennessy, GS
AF Makarov, V. V.
Zacharias, N.
Hennessy, G. S.
TI COMMON PROPER MOTION COMPANIONS TO NEARBY STARS: AGES AND EVOLUTION
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE binaries: general; stars: kinematics
ID MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; MULTIPLE STELLAR-SYSTEMS; WIDE BINARY-SYSTEMS;
SOLAR NEIGHBORHOOD; CHROMOSPHERIC ACTIVITY; COOL NEIGHBORS;
WHITE-DWARFS; FAINT STARS; YOUNG STARS; H-ALPHA
AB A set of 41 nearby stars (closer than 25 pc) is investigated which have very wide binary and common proper motion (CPM) companions at projected separations between 1000 and 200,000 AU. These companions are identified by astro-metric positions and propermotions from the NOMAD catalog. Based mainly on measures of chromospheric and X-ray activity, age estimation is obtained for most of 85 identified companions. Color-absolute magnitude diagrams are constructed to test whether CPM companions are physically related to the primary nearby stars and have the same age. Our carefully selected sample includes three remote white dwarf companions to main-sequence stars and two systems (55 Cnc and GJ 777A) of multiple planets and distant stellar companions. Ten new CPM companions, including three of extreme separations, are found. Multiple hierarchical systems are abundant; more than 25% of CPM components are spectroscopic or astrometric binaries or multiples themselves. Two new astrometric binaries are discovered among nearby CPM companions, GJ 264 and HIP 59000, and preliminary orbital solutions are presented. The Hyades kinematic group (or stream) is presented broadly in the sample, but we find few possible thick-disk objects and no halo stars. It follows from our investigation that moderately young (age less than or similar to Gyr) thin-disk dwarfs are the dominating species in the near CPM systems, in general agreement with the premises of the dynamical survival paradigm.
C1 [Makarov, V. V.] CALTECH, Michelson Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Zacharias, N.; Hennessy, G. S.] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA.
RP Makarov, VV (reprint author), CALTECH, Michelson Sci Ctr, Mail Stop 100-22,770 S Wilson Ave, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM vvm@caltech.edu
OI Makarov, Valeri/0000-0003-2336-7887
NR 107
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 6
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 1
PY 2008
VL 687
IS 1
BP 566
EP 578
DI 10.1086/591638
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 364YD
UT WOS:000260370800043
ER
PT J
AU Jones, CE
Tycner, C
Sigut, TAA
Benson, JA
Hutter, DJ
AF Jones, C. E.
Tycner, C.
Sigut, T. A. A.
Benson, J. A.
Hutter, D. J.
TI PARAMETER STUDY OF CLASSICAL Be STAR DISK MODELS CONSTRAINED BY OPTICAL
INTERFEROMETRY
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE circumstellar matter; stars: emission-line, Be; stars: individual (kappa
Dra, beta Psc, upsilon Cyg); techniques: interferometric
ID BE-TYPE STARS; GAMMA-CASSIOPEIAE; IRAS OBSERVATIONS; CHARA ARRAY;
ROTATION; POLARIZATION; SPECTRA; EXCESS; CYGNI; RATES
AB We have computed theoretical models of circumstellar disks for the classical Be stars kappa Dra, beta Psc, and upsilon Cyg. Models were constructed using a non-LTE radiative transfer code developed by Sigut & Jones (2007), which incorporates a number of improvements over previous treatments of the disk thermal structure, including a realistic chemical composition. Our models are constrained by direct comparison with long-baseline optical interferometric observations of the H alpha-emitting regions and by contemporaneous H alpha line profiles. Detailed comparisons of our predictions with H alpha interferometry and spectroscopy place very tight constraints on the density distributions for these circumstellar disks.
C1 [Jones, C. E.; Sigut, T. A. A.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Phys & Astron, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
[Tycner, C.] Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA.
[Benson, J. A.; Hutter, D. J.] USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Jones, CE (reprint author), Univ Western Ontario, Dept Phys & Astron, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
NR 35
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 1
PY 2008
VL 687
IS 1
BP 598
EP 607
DI 10.1086/591726
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 364YD
UT WOS:000260370800045
ER
PT J
AU Rust, DM
Haggerty, DK
Georgoulis, MK
Sheeley, NR
Wang, YM
DeRosa, ML
Schrijver, CJ
AF Rust, David M.
Haggerty, Dennis K.
Georgoulis, Manolis K.
Sheeley, Neil R.
Wang, Yi-Ming
DeRosa, Marc L.
Schrijver, Carolus J.
TI ON THE SOLAR ORIGINS OF OPEN MAGNETIC FIELDS IN THE HELIOSPHERE
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE solar-terrestrial relations; solar wind; Sun: corona; Sun: magnetic
fields; Sun: particle emission
ID ADVANCED COMPOSITION EXPLORER; IMPULSIVE ELECTRON EVENTS; ENERGETIC
PARTICLE EVENTS; MICHELSON DOPPLER IMAGER; CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; III
RADIO-BURSTS; X-RAY; WIND; SUN; REGIONS
AB A combination of heliospheric and solar data was used to identify open magnetic fields stretching from the lower corona to Earth orbit. 35 near-relativistic electron beams detected at the ACE spacecraft "labeled'' the heliospheric segments of the open fields. An X-ray flare occurred <20 minutes before injection of the electrons in 25 events. These flares labeled the solar segment of the open fields. The flares occurred in western-hemisphere active regions (ARs) with coronal holes whose polarity agreed with the polarity of the beam-carrying interplanetary fields in 23 of the 25 events. We conclude that electron beams reach 1 AU from open AR fields adjacent to flare sites. The Wang & Sheeley implementation of the potential-field source-surface model successfully identified the open fields in 36% of cases. Success meant that the open fields reached the source surface within 3 heliographic deg of the interplanetary magnetic field connected to ACE at 1 AU. Inclusion of five near misses improves the success rate to 56%. The success rate for the Schrijver & DeRosa PFSS implementation was 50%. Our results suggest that, even if the input magnetic data are updated frequently, the PFSS models succeed in only similar to 50% of cases to identify the coronal segment of open fields. Development of other techniques is in its infancy.
C1 [Rust, David M.; Haggerty, Dennis K.; Georgoulis, Manolis K.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Sheeley, Neil R.; Wang, Yi-Ming] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[DeRosa, Marc L.; Schrijver, Carolus J.] Lockheed Martin Adv Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.
RP Rust, DM (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
NR 46
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 1
PY 2008
VL 687
IS 1
BP 635
EP 645
DI 10.1086/592017
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 364YD
UT WOS:000260370800048
ER
PT J
AU Morrill, JS
Korendyke, CM
AF Morrill, J. S.
Korendyke, C. M.
TI HIGH-RESOLUTION CENTER-TO-LIMB VARIATION OF THE QUIET SOLAR SPECTRUM
NEAR Mg II
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE solar-terrestrial relations; Sun: atmosphere; Sun: chromosphere; Sun:
photosphere; Sun: UV radiation
ID K-LINES; ACTIVE REGIONS; SUN; PROFILES; WAVELENGTHS; INTENSITIES; MODELS
AB The accurate determination of the center-to-limb variation of the quiet solar spectrum is of fundamental importance to our understanding of both spatially resolved solar spectral radiance as well as full-disk spectral irradiance. Previous studies have examined the center-to-limb variation at various spectral resolutions using both observations and calculations. Here we derive the center-to-limb variation near Mg II at 2800 angstrom from observations made by the HRTS-9 rocket-spectrograph at both high spatial (1 '') and spectral (0.2 angstrom) resolution. This region of the solar spectrum is important because of its impact on the terrestrial atmosphere and its use in generating the Mg II index. The initial part of this paper presents the correction methods used to determine the center-to-limb variation, including the determination of the vignetting properties of the HRTS-9 instrument. This latter correction accounts for the intensity variation along the slit axis of the observed spectrogram. The resulting center-to-limb variation is employed in a model of solar spectral irradiance near Mg II. Using these results and calibrated solar spectra, the absolute intensity calibration is determined for the HRTS-9 spectra. An important aspect of the high-resolution center-to-limb variation is the presence of many spectral features illustrating the differences between the wings and cores of the numerous Fraunhofer lines in the 2765-2875 angstrom region. Also, both the Mg I and Mg II lines in this spectral region have broad, smooth wings that vary differently than the nearby line-blanketed continuum. The results of this study will provide a good source of comparison for detailed models of the quiet solar spectrum.
C1 [Morrill, J. S.; Korendyke, C. M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Morrill, JS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 29
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 1
PY 2008
VL 687
IS 1
BP 646
EP 657
DI 10.1086/591305
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 364YD
UT WOS:000260370800049
ER
PT J
AU Larsen, JA
Humphreys, RM
Cabanela, JE
AF Larsen, Jeffrey A.
Humphreys, Roberta M.
Cabanela, Juan E.
TI MAPPING THE ASYMMETRIC THICK DISK: THE HERCULES THICK-DISK CLOUD
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics; Galaxy: structure
ID KINEMATIC ANALYSIS; STAR-COUNT; SKY SURVEY; CATALOG; SDSS
AB The stellar asymmetry of faint thick-disk/inner-halo stars in the first quadrant (l = 20 degrees-45 degrees) that was first reported by Larsen & Humphreys and investigated further by Parker et al. has recently been confirmed by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Their interpretation of the excess in the star counts as a ringlike structure, however, is not supported by critical complementary data in the fourth quadrant, which is not covered by the SDSS. We present stellar density maps from the Minnesota Automated Plate Scanner Catalog of the POSS I showing that the overdensity does not extend into the fourth quadrant. The overdensity is most probably not a ring. It could be due to interaction with the disk bar, or it could be evidence of a triaxial thick disk or a merger remnant/stream. We call this feature the Hercules Thick-Disk Cloud.
C1 [Larsen, Jeffrey A.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Humphreys, Roberta M.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Cabanela, Juan E.] Minnesota State Univ Moorhead, Dept Phys & Astron, Moorhead, MN 56563 USA.
RP Larsen, JA (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM larsen@usna.edu; roberta@umn.edu; cabanela@mnstate.edu
FU National Science Foundation; University of Minnesota; [AST 0507309];
[AST 0507170]
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation grants AST
0507309 and AST 0507170 to J. A. Larsen and R. M. Humphreys,
respectively. J. A. Larsen is pleased to thank Debora Katz and C. Elise
Albert for useful conversations. This research has made use of the MAPS
Catalog of POSS I, which is supported by the University of Minnesota.
NR 13
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD NOV 1
PY 2008
VL 687
IS 1
BP L17
EP L19
DI 10.1086/592499
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 398KU
UT WOS:000262731800005
ER
PT J
AU Pullen, J
Ching, J
Sailor, D
Thompson, W
Bornstein, B
Koracin, D
AF Pullen, Julie
Ching, Jason
Sailor, David
Thompson, William
Bornstein, Bob
Koracin, Darko
TI PROGRESS TOWARD MEETING THE CHALLENGES OF OUR COASTAL URBAN FUTURE
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Pullen, Julie; Thompson, William] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Ching, Jason] NOAA, ARL, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Sailor, David] Portland State Univ, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
[Bornstein, Bob] San Jose State Univ, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
[Koracin, Darko] Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV USA.
RP Pullen, J (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM julie.pullen@nrlmry.navy.mil
RI Sailor, David/E-6308-2014
OI Sailor, David/0000-0003-1720-8214
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 89
IS 11
BP 1727
EP 1731
DI 10.1175/2008BAMS2560.1
PG 5
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 381XA
UT WOS:000261568000011
ER
PT J
AU McClatchie, S
Goericke, R
Koslow, JA
Schwing, FB
Bograd, SJ
Charter, R
Lo, WWN
Hill, K
Gottschalck, J
L'Heureux, M
Xue, Y
Peterson, WT
Emmett, R
Collins, C
Gaxiola-Castro, G
Durazo, R
Kahru, M
Mitchell, BG
Hyrenbach, KD
Sydeman, WJ
Bradley, RW
Warzybok, P
Bjorkstedt, E
AF McClatchie, Sam
Goericke, Ralf
Koslow, J. Anthony
Schwing, Franklin B.
Bograd, Steven J.
Charter, Richard
Lo, William Watson Nancy
Hill, Kevin
Gottschalck, Jon
L'Heureux, Michelle
Xue, Yan
Peterson, William T.
Emmett, Robert
Collins, Curtis
Gaxiola-Castro, Gilberto
Durazo, Reginaldo
Kahru, Mati
Mitchell, B. Greg
Hyrenbach, K. David
Sydeman, W. J.
Bradley, R. W.
Warzybok, P.
Bjorkstedt, Eric
TI THE STATE OF THE CALIFORNIA CURRENT, 2007-2008: LA NINA CONDITIONS AND
THEIR EFFECTS ON THE ECOSYSTEM
SO CALIFORNIA COOPERATIVE OCEANIC FISHERIES INVESTIGATIONS REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID SARDINE SARDINOPS-SAGAX; CURRENT SYSTEM; ROCKFISH SEBASTES; MARINE
BIRDS; RECRUITMENT
AB The state of the California Current system (CCS) between Oregon and Baja California is summarized in this report, covering spring of 2007 to winter/spring 2008. The 2006-07 period began with moderate El Nino conditions which decayed rapidly in early 2007. By summer 2007, a moderate-to-strong La Nina had developed. The North Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies displayed a negative pattern of Pacific Decadal Oscillation with below-normal SSTs in the California Current and Gulf of Alaska consistent with this pattern. The region experienced anomalously strong southward coastal winds, leading to positive anomalies of the West Coast upwelling index, in Strong contrast with 2005. The 2007 upwelling season also began early (in contrast to delayed onset in 2005 and 2006) and remained unseasonably strong through May. The cumulative upwelling for the 2007 season was greater than normal in the southern portion of the California Current system. Despite the La Nina conditions, nitrate and chlorophyll concentrations off Oregon were about average in 2007. On the other hand, copepod biomass rebounded strongly in 2006 after the exceptionally low biomass in 2005, and copepod species richness in 2006 was low, also indicating transport Of sub-arctic water into the northern California Current in 2006-07, which is relatively productive but low in diversity.
Anomalously high salinities at 200 in depth were also observed during CalCOFI and IMECOCAL cruises off Southern and Baja California. In the CalCOFI area, where there has been a general trend toward a deepening mixed layer, the mixed layer responded to this year's La Nina conditions by shoaling. Nitrate (but not silicate and phosphate) concentrations in the mixed layer were anomalously high, but chlorophyll concentrations were about average, except for spring 2007, which was one of the lowest values on record. Spring chlorophyll a concentrations are notably variable during La Ninas. In the northern California Current, forage fish and predatory fish abundance remained low in 2007. In the southern California Current, Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax) larval abundance was relatively high and distributed in relation to the inner edge of the California Current and the edge of an eddy. Northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax) larvae were relatively low in abundance, apparently related to a large downwelling feature. Reproductive success of all six seabirds monitored on Farallon Island was recovering slowly this year, following the previous two disastrous seasons. However, cluster analysis indicated that reproductive success is still relatively low. The cold-water planktivorous auklets (Ptychoramphus aleuticus) continued to be found at high densities in Southern waters.
Overall, the transition in 2007 to La Nina conditions appeared to contribute to average to above average productivity in the California Current, but the physical, chemical, and biological (phytoplankton, zooplankton, Fish, and seabird) indices of productivity were far from consistent.
C1 [McClatchie, Sam; Charter, Richard; Lo, William Watson Nancy; Hill, Kevin] NOAA Fisheries, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Goericke, Ralf; Koslow, J. Anthony; Kahru, Mati; Mitchell, B. Greg] Scripps Inst Oceanog, Integrat Oceanog Div, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Schwing, Franklin B.; Bograd, Steven J.] NOAA Fisheries, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Gottschalck, Jon; L'Heureux, Michelle; Xue, Yan] NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Peterson, William T.; Emmett, Robert] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Collins, Curtis] USN, Dept Oceanog, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Gaxiola-Castro, Gilberto; Durazo, Reginaldo] Ctr Invest Cient & Educ Super Ensenada, Div Oceanol, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico.
[Hyrenbach, K. David] Hawaii Pacific Univ, Dept Marine Sci, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
[Sydeman, W. J.] Ecosyst Res, Farallon Inst Adv, Petaluma, CA 94954 USA.
[Bradley, R. W.; Warzybok, P.] Point Rees Bird Observ Conservat Sci, Marine Ecol Div, Petaluma, CA 94954 USA.
[Bjorkstedt, Eric] Humboldt State Univ, NOAA Fisheries, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Trinidad, CA 95570 USA.
[Bjorkstedt, Eric] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Fisheries Biol, Trinidad, CA 95570 USA.
RP McClatchie, S (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8604 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM Sam.McClatchie@noaa.gov
RI L'Heureux, Michelle/C-7517-2013
OI L'Heureux, Michelle/0000-0002-7095-9706
FU National Science Foundation [OCE-0000733, OCE-0434810]; National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration; NOAA [NOAA/JIMO NA17RJ1231]; Humboldt
State University's RV Coral Sea; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Packard
Foundation; Resources Legacy Fund Foundation; Friends of the Farallones;
PPBO [1631]
FX This report would have been impossible without the dedicated work of the
ship crews and the technician groups that collected the data, often
under adverse conditions, and processed these ashore. NH-line CTD data
from both LTOP and PaCOOS programs was processed by Jane Fleischbein.
The GLOBEC LTOP program in the northern California Current is supported
by the National Science Foundation (OCE-0000733 and OCE-0434810). The
May, June, and November 2004 sampling of the NH-line sampling was
supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
CalCOFI cruises off southern (central) California were supported by NOAA
(NOAA/JIMO NA17RJ1231). We thank the NOAA and Scripps CalCOFI
technicians-Dave, Amy, Dimo, Dave, Kathryn Jennifer, Jim, and Robert-
and volunteers who collected data at sea and who processed the data
ashore. The IMECOCAL project thanks officials and crew of CICESE RV
Francisco de Ulloa, as well as students and technicians participating in
the surveys of 2007 and 2008. Special thanks to J. Garcia, J L. Cadena,
and M. de la Cruz. IMECOCAL surveys, were supported by SEP-CONACYT 23947
and SEMARNAT-47044 projects. M. dela Cruz was responsible for
chlorophyll a analysis. The work off northern California was supported
by Captain and crew of the Humboldt State University's RV Coral Sea and
numerous student volunteers who assisted with the data collection. The
PPBO studies on CC seabirds have been supported by the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, Packard Foundation, Resources Legacy Fund Foundation,
Friends of the Farallones, and PPBO. This is PPBO contribution no. 1631.
PRBO staff and volunteers collected the data on seabird reproductive
success at SEFI and seabird distribution and abundance at sea on
CalCOFI-CCE LTER cruises. Christine Abraham and Chris Rintoul managed
the seabird databases used in this report. We thank Andy Leasing and
Alec MacCall for their reviews of the manuscript.
NR 34
TC 28
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 15
PU SCRIPPS INST OCEANOGRAPHY
PI LA JOLLA
PA A-003, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA
SN 0575-3317
J9 CAL COOP OCEAN FISH
JI Calif. Coop. Ocean. Fish. Invest. Rep.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 49
BP 39
EP 76
PG 38
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 535FS
UT WOS:000272953300003
ER
PT J
AU Wei, MY
Garland, CF
Gorham, ED
Mohr, SB
Giovannucci, E
AF Wei, Melissa Y.
Garland, Cedric F.
Gorham, Edward D.
Mohr, Sharif B.
Giovannucci, Edward
TI Vitamin D and Prevention of Colorectal Adenoma: A Meta-analysis
SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
LA English
DT Review
ID D-RECEPTOR POLYMORPHISM; BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; DIETARY CALCIUM; A
INTAKE; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; CANCER INCIDENCE; DAIRY-PRODUCTS;
UNITED-STATES; HIP FRACTURE; LARGE BOWEL
AB Background: Vitamin D status is associated inversely with risk of colorectal cancer, but the association with adenoma risk is less clear. This meta-analysis examined the overall relationship between circulating (plasma or serum) 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], vitamin D intake (dietary, supplemental, or total), and colorectal adenoma incidence in published studies.
Methods: A meta-analysis composed of 17 epidemiologic studies [1 cross-sectional, 9 case-control, and 7 cohort or nested case-control studies; 7 on 25(OH)D and 12 on vitamin D intake] published before December 2007 was done to examine the association between circulating 25(OH)D, vitamin D intake, and colorectal adenomas. Summary Peto odds ratios (OR) were computed for overall and stratified analyses.
Results: Circulating 25(OH)D was inversely associated with risk of colorectal adenomas: the OR was 0.70 [95% confidence interval (95% Cl), 0.56-0.87] for high versus low circulating 25(OH)D. The highest quintile of vitamin D intake was associated with an 11% marginally decreased risk of colorectal adenomas compared with low vitamin D intake (OR, 0.89; 95% Cl, 0.78-1.02). For recurrent adenomas, there was a decreased risk of 12% (95% Cl, 0.72-1.07) among individuals with high versus low vitamin D intake. The inverse associations appeared stronger for advanced adenoma [OR, 0.64; 95% Cl, 0.45-0.90 for serum 25(OH)D and OR, 0.77; 95% Cl, 0.63-0.95 for vitamin D intake], but the number of studies was small.
Conclusions: Both circulating 25(OH)D and vitamin D intake were inversely associated with colorectal adenoma incidence and recurrent adenomas. These results further support a role of vitamin D in prevention of colorectal adenoma incidence and recurrence. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(11):2958-69)
C1 [Wei, Melissa Y.; Giovannucci, Edward] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Wei, Melissa Y.; Giovannucci, Edward] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Wei, Melissa Y.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth & Prevent Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
[Garland, Cedric F.; Gorham, Edward D.; Mohr, Sharif B.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Gorham, Edward D.; Mohr, Sharif B.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[Giovannucci, Edward] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Channing Lab, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Giovannucci, Edward] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA.
RP Giovannucci, E (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
EM egiovann@hsph.havard.edu
FU Congressional allocation to the Milton S. Hershey Cancer Center of the
Pennsylvania State University, Hershey PA, through the Department of the
Navy, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery [60126]
FX Grant support: For Dr. Garland, research was supported in part by a
Congressional allocation to the Milton S. Hershey Cancer Center of the
Pennsylvania State University, Hershey PA, through the Department of the
Navy, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, under Work Unit No. 60126. The
views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not
represent an official position of the Department of the Navy, Department
of Defense, or the U.S. Government.
NR 54
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U2 14
PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA
SN 1055-9965
J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR
JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 17
IS 11
BP 2958
EP 2969
DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-0402
PG 12
WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 372IY
UT WOS:000260896500010
PM 18990737
ER
PT J
AU Paddock, CD
Finley, RW
Wright, CS
Robinson, HN
Schrodt, BJ
Lane, CC
Ekenna, O
Blass, MA
Tamminga, CL
Ohl, CA
McLellan, SLF
Goddard, J
Holman, RC
Openshaw, JJ
Sumner, JW
Zaki, SR
Eremeeva, ME
AF Paddock, Christopher D.
Finley, Richard W.
Wright, Cynthia S.
Robinson, Howard N.
Schrodt, Barbara J.
Lane, Carole C.
Ekenna, Okechukwu
Blass, Mitchell A.
Tamminga, Cynthia L.
Ohl, Christopher A.
McLellan, Susan L. F.
Goddard, Jerome
Holman, Robert C.
Openshaw, John J.
Sumner, John W.
Zaki, Sherif R.
Eremeeva, Marina E.
TI Rickettsia parkeri rickettsiosis and its clinical distinction from Rocky
Mountain spotted fever
SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID NEW-YORK-CITY; UNITED-STATES; RHIPICEPHALUS-SANGUINEUS;
AMBLYOMMA-MACULATUM; TICKS; INFECTION; IDENTIFICATION; MASSILIAE;
ARIZONA; ESCHARS
AB Background. Rickettsia parkeri rickettsiosis, a recently identified spotted fever transmitted by the Gulf Coast tick (Amblyomma maculatum), was first described in 2004. We summarize the clinical and epidemiological features of 12 patients in the United States with confirmed or probable disease attributable to R. parkeri and comment on distinctions between R. parkeri rickettsiosis and other United States rickettsioses.
Methods. Clinical specimens from patients in the United States who reside within the range of A. maculatum for whom an eschar or vesicular rash was described were evaluated by >= 1 laboratory assays at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta, GA) to identify probable or confirmed infection with R. parkeri.
Results. During 1998-2007, clinical samples from 12 patients with illnesses epidemiologically and clinically compatible with R. parkeri rickettsiosis were submitted for diagnostic evaluation. Using indirect immunofluorescence antibody assays, immunohistochemistry, polymerase chain reaction assays, and cell culture isolation, we identified 6 confirmed and 6 probable cases of infection with R. parkeri. The aggregate clinical characteristics of these patients revealed a disease similar to but less severe than classically described Rocky Mountain spotted fever.
Conclusions. Closer attention to the distinct clinical features of the various spotted fever syndromes that exist in the United States and other countries of the Western hemisphere, coupled with more frequent use of specific confirmatory assays, may unveil several unique diseases that have been identified collectively as Rocky Mountain spotted fever during the past century. Accurate assessments of these distinct infections will ultimately provide a more valid description of the currently recognized distribution, incidence, and case-fatality rate of Rocky Mountain spotted fever.
C1 [Paddock, Christopher D.; Sumner, John W.; Zaki, Sherif R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Openshaw, John J.; Eremeeva, Marina E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Holman, Robert C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Blass, Mitchell A.] St Josephs Hosp, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Finley, Richard W.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Jackson, MS 39216 USA.
[Goddard, Jerome] Mississippi Dept Hlth, Jackson, MS USA.
[Ekenna, Okechukwu] Singing River Hosp, Pascagoula, MS USA.
[Wright, Cynthia S.] Wrights Family Healthcare, Conway, SC USA.
[Robinson, Howard N.] Bernstein & Robinson Dermatol, Bel Air, MD USA.
[Schrodt, Barbara J.] Dermatol Associates, Louisville, KY USA.
[Lane, Carole C.] Lane Med Grp, Monroeville, AL USA.
[Tamminga, Cynthia L.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA.
[Ohl, Christopher A.] Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA.
[McLellan, Susan L. F.] Tulane Univ, Sch Med, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA.
RP Paddock, CD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Mailstop G-32,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM CPaddock@cdc.gov
NR 45
TC 107
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U1 0
U2 6
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1058-4838
J9 CLIN INFECT DIS
JI Clin. Infect. Dis.
PD NOV 1
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 9
BP 1188
EP 1196
DI 10.1086/592254
PG 9
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 356DO
UT WOS:000259759100011
PM 18808353
ER
PT J
AU Neta, B
van Joolen, V
Dea, JR
Givoli, D
AF Neta, Beny
van Joolen, Vince
Dea, John R.
Givoli, Dan
TI Application of high-order Higdon non-reflecting boundary conditions to
linear shallow water models
SO COMMUNICATIONS IN NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE non-reflecting boundary conditions; shallow water equation; dispersive
wave equation; Higdon boundary conditions; very large domains
ID TIME-DEPENDENT WAVES; DISPERSIVE WAVES; ELASTIC-WAVES; FORMULATION;
EQUATION
AB A shallow water model with linear time-dependent dispersive waves in an unbounded domain is considered. The domain is truncated with artificial boundaries B where a sequence of high-order non-reflecting boundary conditions (NRBCs) proposed by Higdon are applied. Methods devised by Givoli and Neta that afford easy implementation of Higdon NRBCs are refined in order to reduce computational expenses. The new refinement makes the computational effort associated with the boundary treatment quadratic rather than exponential (as in the original scheme) with the order. This allows for implementation of NRBCs of higher orders than previously. A numerical example for a semi-infinite channel truncated on one side is presented. Finite difference schemes are used throughout. Copyright (C) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Neta, Beny; Dea, John R.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[van Joolen, Vince] USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Givoli, Dan] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Aerosp Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel.
[Givoli, Dan] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Asher Ctr Space Res, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel.
RP Neta, B (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM bneta@nps.edu
RI Neta, Beny/B-1737-2009
FU Naval Postgraduate School; United States Naval Academy; Israel Science
Foundation (ISF); Fund for the Promotion of Research; Lawrence and Marie
Feldman Chair in Engineering
FX The first author acknowledges the support from the Naval Postgraduate
School, and the second author acknowledges the Support from the United
States Naval Academy. Professor Givoli acknowledges the Support of the
Israel Science Foundation (ISF), the Fund for the Promotion of Research
at the Technion, and the fund provided through the Lawrence and Marie
Feldman Chair in Engineering.
NR 25
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 4
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 1069-8299
J9 COMMUN NUMER METH EN
JI Commun. Numer. Methods Eng.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 11
BP 1459
EP 1466
DI 10.1002/cnm.1044
PG 10
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary
Applications
SC Engineering; Mathematics
GA 376RH
UT WOS:000261200200041
ER
PT J
AU Michopoulos, JG
Hermanson, JC
Furukawa, T
AF Michopoulos, John G.
Hermanson, John C.
Furukawa, Tomonari
TI Towards the robotic characterization of the constitutive response of
composite materials
SO COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Conference on composite Structures
CY NOV 19, 2007
CL Monash Univ, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
HO Monash Univ
DE mechatronic characterization; material constitutive response; automated
characterization; multidimensional loading spaces; parameter
identification; data-driven characterization
ID DISSIPATED ENERGY DENSITY; STRAIN-INDUCED DAMAGE
AB A historical and technical overview of a paradigm for automating research procedures on the area of constitutive identification of composite materials is presented. Computationally controlled robotic, multiple degree-of-freedom mechatronic systems are used to accelerate the rate of performing data-collecting experiments along loading paths defined in multidimensional loading spaces. The collected data are utilized for the inexpensive data-driven determination of bulk material non-linear constitutive behavior models as a consequence of generalized loading through parameter identification/estimation methodologies based on the inverse approach. The concept of the dissipated energy density is utilized as the representative encapsulation of the non-linear part of the constitutive response that is responsible for the irreversible character of the overall behavior. Demonstrations of this paradigm are given for the cases of polymer matrix composite materials systems. Finally, this computational and mechatronic infrastructure is used to create conceptual, analytical and computational models for describing and predicting material and Structural performance. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Michopoulos, John G.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Special Projects Grp,Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Hermanson, John C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA.
[Furukawa, Tomonari] Univ New S Wales, Cooperat Res Ctr Adv Composite Struct, Sch Mech & Mfg Engn, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
RP Michopoulos, JG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Special Projects Grp,Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Code 6390-2, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM john.michopoulos@nrl.navy.mil; jhermans@wisc.edu; t.furukawa@unsw.edu.au
RI Hermanson, John/K-8106-2015; Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016
OI Hermanson, John/0000-0002-3325-6665; Michopoulos,
John/0000-0001-7004-6838
NR 29
TC 22
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U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0263-8223
J9 COMPOS STRUCT
JI Compos. Struct.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 86
IS 1-3
BP 154
EP 164
DI 10.1016/j.compstruct.2008.03.009
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Composites
SC Materials Science
GA 339WR
UT WOS:000258608500020
ER
PT J
AU Michopoulos, JG
AF Michopoulos, John G.
TI On the reducibility of failure theories for composite materials
SO COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Conference on composite Structures
CY NOV 19, 2007
CL Monash Univ, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
HO Monash Univ
DE failure criteria; strain energy density; dissipated energy density;
material constitutive response; theorem proving; polynomial reduction
ID PREDICTIVE CAPABILITIES; STRENGTH; EXERCISE
AB This paper reports on the initiation of an effort to address three ontological aspects Of failure criteria as they are applicable to composite materials applications. The first attempts to clarify "what a criterion really is" from the perspective of physical objectivity. The second attempts to clarify "how a criterion relates with another" in terms of their main semantic attributes. The third attempts to identify "how one criterion is related to another" in terms of their syntactic representation in the context of term calculus especially from the perspective of polynomial association with the strain energy density. Under the first aspect the non-physical nature of a theory is exposed when it is used as a criterion and is evaluated from its semantic perspective. The human role on the formation of any failure criterion is shown to have a foundationally subjective character, thus, rendering the corresponding criterion as non-objective.
Under the second aspect the creation of classification ontology it terms of the semantic projections of failure criteria in their structural heritage and usage contexts is given. The common attributes Of failure criteria are utilized to identify the bases of the attribute space that can be used to enable their ontological classification. Web ontology software is utilized for Visual interpretation of the ontological context. Under the third aspect the syntactic reducibility of the various known failure theories to one another is addressed. Thermodynamically founded strain energy density expansion leads to the creation of various generalized strain energy based criteria. Two theorems are proposed and proved to Show that under specific conditions failure criteria and theories of certain polynomial structure are constrained renderings of criteria based on strain energy density, Examples are given to demonstrate how a critical energy density criterion represents the least upper bound in the partial ordered set of many well known failure criteria. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci,Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Special Projects Grp, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Michopoulos, JG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci,Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Special Projects Grp, Code 6390-2, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM john.michopoulos@nrl.navy.mil
RI Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016
OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838
NR 47
TC 6
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U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0263-8223
J9 COMPOS STRUCT
JI Compos. Struct.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 86
IS 1-3
BP 165
EP 176
DI 10.1016/j.compstruct.2008.03.008
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Composites
SC Materials Science
GA 339WR
UT WOS:000258608500021
ER
PT J
AU Furukawa, T
Michopoulos, JG
Kelly, DW
AF Furukawa, Tomonari
Michopoulos, John G.
Kelly, Donald W.
TI Elastic characterization of laminated composites based on multiaxial
tests
SO COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Conference on composite Structures
CY NOV 19, 2007
CL Monash Univ, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
HO Monash Univ
DE laminated composites; multiaxial tests; control; parameter
identification; singular value decomposition
ID FIELDS
AB This paper presents a technique that continuously identifies the elastic moduli of laminated composites from multiaxial tests and its application to multiaxial identification. Unlike the conventional characterization where materials are characterized uniaxially, the technique identifies the elastic moduli by considering specimens on a Continuum basis. The technique further controls the multiaxial testing machine by extracting quantities from the matrix used for identification and maximizing the quantities. Numerical examples first investigate the significance, robustness and efficiency of the proposed technique where its efficacy has been then confirmed via various quantifications. The proposed technique was finally applied to a realistic characterization problem, and its practicality has been demonstrated. (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Furukawa, Tomonari; Kelly, Donald W.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Mech & Mfg Engn, Cooperat Res Ctr Adv Composite Struct, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Michopoulos, John G.] USN, Res Lab, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci,Special Project Grp, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Furukawa, T (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Sch Mech & Mfg Engn, Cooperat Res Ctr Adv Composite Struct, J17, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
EM t.furukawa@unsw.edu.au
RI Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016
OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838
NR 23
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0263-8223
J9 COMPOS STRUCT
JI Compos. Struct.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 86
IS 1-3
BP 269
EP 278
DI 10.1016/j.compstruct.2008.03.043
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Composites
SC Materials Science
GA 339WR
UT WOS:000258608500032
ER
PT J
AU Chun, C
Neta, B
AF Chun, Changbum
Neta, Beny
TI Some modification of Newton's method by the method of undetermined
coefficients
SO COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Newton's method; Iterative methods; Nonlinear equations; Order of
convergence; Method of undetermined coefficients; Root-finding methods
ID 3RD-ORDER CONVERGENCE; CUBIC CONVERGENCE; EQUATIONS; FAMILY;
IMPROVEMENTS; VARIANTS
AB In this paper, we construct some modifications of Newton's method for solving nonlinear equations, which is based on the method of undetermined coefficients. it is shown by way of illustration that the method of undetermined coefficients is a promising tool for developing new methods, and reveals its wide applicability by obtaining some existing methods as special cases. Two new sixth-order methods are developed. Numerical examples are given to support that the methods thus obtained can compete with other iterative methods. Published by Elsevier Ltd
C1 [Neta, Beny] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Chun, Changbum] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Math, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
RP Neta, B (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM cbchun@skku.edu; bneta@nps.edu
RI Neta, Beny/B-1737-2009
NR 22
TC 13
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U1 1
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0898-1221
J9 COMPUT MATH APPL
JI Comput. Math. Appl.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 56
IS 10
BP 2528
EP 2538
DI 10.1016/j.camwa.2008.05.005
PG 11
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 378ER
UT WOS:000261304500009
ER
PT J
AU Suflita, JM
Phelps, TJ
Little, B
AF Suflita, J. M.
Phelps, T. J.
Little, B.
TI Carbon Dioxide Corrosion and Acetate: A Hypothesis on the influence of
Microorganisms
SO CORROSION
LA English
DT Article
DE acetate; acetogenic bacteria; anaerobic biodegradation; carbon dioxide
corrosion; fermentative bacteria; methanogens; microorganisms;
sulfate-reducing bacteria
AB It is our hypothesis that fermentative, acetogenic, and sulfate-reducing bacteria residing in pipeline facilities can influence corrosion through the production of carbon dioxide and acetate under the prevailing anaerobic conditions. The exacerbation of carbon dioxide corrosion of carbon steel in the presence of acetic acid is a well-known phenomenon in the oil industry. Both chemical compounds can be produced and consumed by microorganisms during the anaerobic biodegradation of organic matter including hydrocarbons. We contend that the principles governing anaerobic biodegradation activity can be extrapolated to aboveground oil production facilities and that the microbial diversity inherent in petroleum reservoirs largely reflects that in pipelines.
C1 [Little, B.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39525 USA.
[Suflita, J. M.] Univ Oklahoma, Inst Energy & Environm, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Suflita, J. M.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Phelps, T. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Little, B (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39525 USA.
FU Office of Naval Research [N000140810829, N0001408WX20857]; Conoco
Phillips
FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research through
awards (N000140810829 and N0001408WX20857) and Conoco Phillips.
NR 65
TC 11
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U1 1
U2 6
PU NATL ASSOC CORROSION ENG
PI HOUSTON
PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA
SN 0010-9312
J9 CORROSION
JI Corrosion
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 64
IS 11
BP 854
EP 859
DI 10.5006/1.3279919
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA V17ZS
UT WOS:000207975700005
ER
PT J
AU Hiscocks, MP
Kaalund, CJ
Ladouceur, F
Huntington, ST
Gibson, BC
Trpkovski, S
Simpson, D
Ampem-Lassen, E
Prawer, S
Butlerc, JE
AF Hiscocks, Mark P.
Kaalund, Christopher J.
Ladouceur, Francois
Huntington, Shane T.
Gibson, Brant C.
Trpkovski, Steven
Simpson, David
Ampem-Lassen, Eric
Prawer, Steven
Butlerc, James E.
TI Reactive ion etching of waveguide structures in diamond
SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Diamond crystal; Diamond film; Reactive ion etching (RIE); Optical
properties
ID SINGLE-PHOTON SOURCE; NANOCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND; CVD DIAMOND; MEMS
APPLICATIONS; FABRICATION; FILMS; MICROOPTICS
AB Waveguide structures were fabricated in both nanocrystalline CVD diamond (NCD) and HPHT type 1b single crystal diamond using photolithography and reactive ion etching. The combination of these techniques allows the patterning of many long photonic structures simultaneously, making it easily scalable. Emphasis has been placed on reducing sidewall roughness to prevent loss due to scattering. In single crystal diamond a peak-to-peak roughness of approximately 10 nm (estimated from SEM images) was achieved for the majority of the structure sidewall. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hiscocks, Mark P.; Kaalund, Christopher J.; Ladouceur, Francois] Univ New S Wales, Sch Elect Engn & Telecommun, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Huntington, Shane T.; Gibson, Brant C.; Trpkovski, Steven; Simpson, David; Ampem-Lassen, Eric; Prawer, Steven] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Butlerc, James E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Hiscocks, MP (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Sch Elect Engn & Telecommun, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
EM m.hiscocks@student.unsw.edu.au
RI Gibson, Brant/B-8747-2011; Ladouceur, Francois/D-5828-2011; Simpson,
David/F-8488-2012;
OI Gibson, Brant/0000-0002-7109-2796; Simpson, David/0000-0001-9056-2469;
PRAWER, STEVEN/0000-0002-4959-0828
FU Australian Government's innovation statement Backing Australia's
Ability; Victorian Government's Science, Technology & Innovation
Infrastructure Grants Program
FX The authors would like to thank the NRL for providing the NCD samples
and Wilson Pok for the AFM. This project is proudly supported by the
International Science Linkages programme established under the
Australian Government's innovation statement Backing Australia's
Ability. The authors wish to also acknowledge the Victorian Government's
Science, Technology & Innovation Infrastructure Grants Program for the
funding of this project.
NR 27
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U1 4
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0925-9635
EI 1879-0062
J9 DIAM RELAT MATER
JI Diam. Relat. Mat.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 17
IS 11
BP 1831
EP 1834
DI 10.1016/j.diamond.2008.04.019
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 363SS
UT WOS:000260287600001
ER
PT J
AU Lawenda, BD
Arnold, MG
Tokarz, VA
Silverstein, JR
Busse, PM
McIntyre, JE
Deschler, DG
Baldini, EH
Kachnic, LA
AF Lawenda, Brian D.
Arnold, Michelle G.
Tokarz, Valerie A.
Silverstein, Joshua R.
Busse, Paul M.
McIntyre, James E.
Deschler, Daniel G.
Baldini, Elizabeth H.
Kachnic, Lisa A.
TI Analysis of radiation therapy for the control of Merkel cell carcinoma
of the head and neck based on 36 cases and a literature review
SO ENT-EAR NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
AB Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive epidermal cancer. We conducted a retrospective study and literature review to investigate the impact that radiation therapy has on local, regional, and distant control as part of the oncologic management of MCC of the head and neck and to further elucidate the role of radiation therapy with regard to regional control for the clinically uninvolved neck. We reviewed all registered cases of head and neck MCC that had occurred at four institutions from January 1988 through December 2005. Treatment and outcomes data were collected on patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer stage I, II, and III tumors. Local, regional, and distant control rates were calculated by comparing variables with the Fisher exact test; Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to report actuarial control data. Stage I to III head and neck MCC was identified in 36 patients-22 men and 14 women, aged 43 to 97 years (mean: 71.6) at diagnosis. Patients with stage I and II tumors were combined into one group, and their data were compared with those of patients with stage III tumors. Twenty-six patients (72%) had clinical stage I/II disease and 10 patients (28%) had clinical stage III disease. Median follow-up was 41 months for the stage IN group and 19 months for the stage III group. Based on examination at final follow-up visits, local recurrence was seen in 7 of the 36 patients (19%),for a local control rate of 81%. The 2-year actuarial local control rate for all stages of MCC was 83%; by treatment subgroup, the rates were 95% for those who had undergone radiation therapy to the primary site and 69% for those who had not-a statistically significant difference (p = 0.020). Based on information obtained at final follow-ups, 10 of the 36 patients (28%) experienced a regional recurrence, for a regional control rate of 72%. The 2-year actuarial regional control rate among all patients was 70%; by subgroup, rates were 82% for patients who had undergone regional node radiation therapy and 60% for those who had not-not a statistically significant difference (p = 0.225). Nine patients (25%) overall developed a distant metastasis, for a distant control rate of 75%. Salvage therapies included chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy to the metastatic site, but neither had any significant effect on survival. Regardless of treatment, the Kaplan-Meier survival curves leveled off at 30 months with 82% survival for the stage I/II group and at 19 months with 60% survival for the stage III group. We conclude that radiation therapy to the primary tumor site (either following resection or definitively) results in a local control rate of more than 90% in patients with head and neck MCC. We also found a trend toward improved regional control of the clinically negative neck with the addition of radiation therapy.
C1 [Arnold, Michelle G.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Tokarz, Valerie A.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Lawenda, Brian D.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol & Radiol Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Lawenda, Brian D.] Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
[Silverstein, Joshua R.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, New Haven, CT 06510 USA.
[Busse, Paul M.; McIntyre, James E.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, Boston, MA 02114 USA.
[Deschler, Daniel G.] Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirm, Boston, MA 02114 USA.
[Baldini, Elizabeth H.] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Radiat Oncol, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Baldini, Elizabeth H.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Kachnic, Lisa A.] Boston Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Lawenda, Brian D.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
RP Lawenda, BD (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 14, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM brian.lawenda@med.navy.mil
NR 30
TC 13
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 0
PU VENDOME GROUP LLC
PI NEW YORK
PA 149 FIFTH AVE, 10TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA
SN 0145-5613
J9 ENT-EAR NOSE THROAT
JI ENT-Ear Nose Throat J.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 87
IS 11
BP 634
EP 643
PG 10
WC Otorhinolaryngology
SC Otorhinolaryngology
GA V10PE
UT WOS:000207475100009
PM 19006065
ER
PT J
AU Sutton, JA
Fisher, BT
Fleming, JW
AF Sutton, Jeffrey A.
Fisher, Brian T.
Fleming, James W.
TI A laser-induced fluorescence measurement for aqueous fluid flows with
improved temperature sensitivity
SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS
LA English
DT Article
ID ND-YAG LASER; WATER; LIF; RESOLUTION; VELOCITY; FLUCTUATIONS;
PHOTOPHYSICS; LAYER; FIELD; DYES
AB This paper presents temperature-sensitive laser-induced fluorescence measurements of Fluorescein 27 dissolved in aqueous solutions. We show that Fluorescein 27, dissolved in water and excited by a 532-nm Nd:YAG laser pulse, yields improved temperature sensitivity over traditional organic dyes such as Rhodamine B. The high temperature sensitivity of Fluorescein 27 when excited at 532 nm is due primarily to a temperature-dependent shift of the absorption spectrum to longer wavelengths for increased temperatures. The linearity of the fluorescence signal with respect to the incident laser intensity and dye concentration is reported. In addition, Fluorescein 27 dissolved in an aqueous solution remains photo-stable for > 10(5) laser pulses at both ambient and high temperatures (T > 60 degrees C) when excited with low-irradiance laser pulses. Finally, we demonstrate that using a dual tracer (or ratiometric) technique in which the fluorescence from Fluorescein 27 and another dye (e.g., Rhodamine B or Kiton Red 620) are detected following the 532 nm excitation results in a significantly enhanced temperature sensitivity over a single tracer measurement and previously reported dual tracer methods. Such temperature sensitivity is useful in multi-dimensional temperature imaging and temporally resolved measurements.
C1 [Sutton, Jeffrey A.; Fisher, Brian T.; Fleming, James W.] USN, Res Lab, Navy Technol Ctr Safety & Survivabil, Chem Div,Combust Dynam Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Sutton, JA (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM sutton.235@osu.edu
FU Office of Naval Research (ONR)
FX This research is supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through
the Naval Research Laboratory core funding.
NR 33
TC 25
Z9 27
U1 3
U2 29
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0723-4864
J9 EXP FLUIDS
JI Exp. Fluids
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 45
IS 5
BP 869
EP 881
DI 10.1007/s00348-008-0506-4
PG 13
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA 360OC
UT WOS:000260065800008
ER
PT J
AU Clemens, R
Pressman, P
AF Clemens, Roger
Pressman, Peter
TI Exploring Satiety Signals
SO FOOD TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Clemens, Roger] ETHorn, La Mirada, CA 90638 USA.
[Pressman, Peter] USN, Med Corps, LCDR, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Clemens, R (reprint author), ETHorn, La Mirada, CA 90638 USA.
EM rclemens@ethorn.com; drpressman@gamil.com
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS
PI CHICAGO
PA 525 WEST VAN BUREN, STE 1000, CHICAGO, IL 60607-3814 USA
SN 0015-6639
J9 FOOD TECHNOL-CHICAGO
JI Food Technol.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 62
IS 11
BP 19
EP 19
PG 1
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA 377AB
UT WOS:000261223000008
ER
PT J
AU Hull, SL
AF Hull, Steven L.
TI RICE'S RECORD
SO FOREIGN AFFAIRS
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Hull, Steven L.] USN, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU COUNC FOREIGN RELAT INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 58 E 68TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA
SN 0015-7120
J9 FOREIGN AFF
JI Foreign Aff.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 87
IS 6
BP 180
EP 180
PG 1
WC International Relations
SC International Relations
GA 360ZY
UT WOS:000260098500062
ER
PT J
AU Stojadinovic, A
Carlson, JW
Schultz, GS
Davis, TA
Elster, EA
AF Stojadinovic, Alexander
Carlson, Jay W.
Schultz, Gregory S.
Davis, Thomas A.
Elster, Eric A.
TI Topical advances in wound care
SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE Wound healing; Chronic wound; Wound bed preparation
ID ACELLULAR DERMAL MATRIX; GROWTH-FACTOR-BB; GASTROINTESTINAL
CANCER-PATIENTS; COMPROMISED SURGICAL FIELD; TOTAL PARENTERAL-NUTRITION;
EXTREMITY DIABETIC ULCERS; ABDOMINAL-WALL DEFECTS; VENTRAL HERNIA
REPAIR; BREAST RECONSTRUCTION; BURN WOUNDS
AB There are fundamental differences between acute wounds that proceed to uncomplicated healing and those that become chronic wounds. Non-healing or chronic wounds can result from a combination of overlapping factors that prevent healing, including local tissue ischemia, repetitive trauma and ischemia/reperfusion injury presence of tissue necrosis, impaired cellular and systemic host response to stress, and critical bacterial contamination. The bacterial burden in the wound contributes to a sustained inflammatory state, which inhibits normal progression to the proliferative phase of healing, thereby preventing restoration of tissue integrity. Appropriate wound bed preparation removes local barriers to healing and optimizes the tissue environment to achieve wound healing. It is an essential element of wound management that advances endogenous healing as well as the efficacy of topical and other wound therapy. This article will summarize a systematic approach to wound bed preparation using the "TIME" principle, and will highlight important advances in topical wound care. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Stojadinovic, Alexander] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Surg Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
[Davis, Thomas A.; Elster, Eric A.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Stojadinovic, Alexander; Davis, Thomas A.; Elster, Eric A.] Combat Wound Initiat, Washington, DC USA.
[Carlson, Jay W.] Gynecol Oncol W Michigan, Grand Rapids, MI USA.
[Schultz, Gregory S.] Univ Florida, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Davis, Thomas A.; Elster, Eric A.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD USA.
RP Stojadinovic, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Surg Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
EM alexander.stojadinovic@amedd.army.mil
NR 101
TC 32
Z9 33
U1 7
U2 14
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0090-8258
J9 GYNECOL ONCOL
JI Gynecol. Oncol.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 111
IS 2
SU 1
BP S70
EP S80
DI 10.1016/j.ygyno.2008.07.042
PG 11
WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology
SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology
GA 375BL
UT WOS:000261087800014
PM 18793796
ER
PT J
AU Huffmire, T
Brotherton, B
Sherwood, T
Kastner, R
Levin, T
Nguyen, TD
Irvine, C
AF Huffmire, Ted
Brotherton, Brett
Sherwood, Timothy
Kastner, Ryan
Levin, Timothy
Nguyen, Thuy D.
Irvine, Cynthia
TI Managing Security in FPGA-Based Embedded Systems
SO IEEE DESIGN & TEST OF COMPUTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID RECONFIGURABLE HARDWARE
AB FPGAs combine the programmability of processors with the performance of custom hardware. As they become more common in critical embedded systems, new techniques are necessary to manage security in FPGA designs. This article discusses FPGA security problems and current research on reconfigurable devices and security, and presents security primitives and a component architecture for building highly secure systems on FPGAs.
C1 [Huffmire, Ted; Levin, Timothy; Nguyen, Thuy D.; Irvine, Cynthia] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
[Brotherton, Brett] Special Technol Lab, Santa Barbara, CA USA.
[Sherwood, Timothy] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Comp Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Kastner, Ryan] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[Irvine, Cynthia] Ctr Informat Syst Secur & Res, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Huffmire, T (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
FU National Science Foundation grant [CNS-0524771]; NSF [CCF-0448654]
FX We thank the anonymous reviewers for their comments. This research was
funded in part by National Science Foundation grant CNS-0524771 and NSF
career grant CCF-0448654.
NR 13
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA
SN 0740-7475
EI 1558-1918
J9 IEEE DES TEST COMPUT
JI IEEE Des. Test Comput.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 25
IS 6
BP 590
EP 598
DI 10.1109/MDT.2008.166
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA 379KF
UT WOS:000261394400010
ER
PT J
AU Michael, B
AF Michael, Bret
TI Are Governments Up to the Task?
SO IEEE SECURITY & PRIVACY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Michael, B (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
EM bmichael@nps.edu
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA
SN 1540-7993
J9 IEEE SECUR PRIV
JI IEEE Secur. Priv.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 6
IS 6
BP 4
EP 5
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software
Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 376UC
UT WOS:000261207500001
ER
PT J
AU Chubb, SR
Mied, RP
Shen, CY
Chen, W
Evans, TE
Kohut, J
AF Chubb, Scott R.
Mied, Richard P.
Shen, Colin Y.
Chen, Wei
Evans, Thomas E.
Kohut, Josh
TI Ocean Surface Currents From AVHRR Imagery: Comparison With Land-Based HF
Radar Measurements
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Geophysical measurements; HF radar; infrared (IR) imaging; remote
sensing; satellite applications; sea coast; sea surface
ID HIGH-RESOLUTION RADIOMETER; TEMPERATURE TIME-SERIES; COASTAL TRANSITION
ZONE; WARM-CORE RING; INVERSE MODEL; VELOCITY; SEQUENCES; VARIABILITY;
EXTRACTION; MOTION
AB We focus on inverting the surface temperature (or heat) equation to obtain the surface velocity field in the coastal ocean and compare the results with those from the maximum cross correlation (MCC) technique and with the in situ velocity fields measured by the Rutgers University Coastal Ocean Dynamics Radar (CODAR). When compared with CODAR fields, velocities from the heat equation and MCC have comparable accuracies, but the heat equation technique better resolves the finer scale flow features. We use the results to directly calculate the surface divergence and vorticity. This is possible because we convert the traditionally underdetermined heat inversion problem to an overdetermined one without constraining the velocity field with divergence, vorticity, or energy statements. Because no a priori assumptions are made about the vorticity, it can be calculated directly from the velocity results. The derived vorticity field has typical open-ocean magnitudes (similar to 5 x 10(-5)/s) and exhibits several structures (a warm core ring, Gulf Stream filament, and a diverging flow) consistent with the types of flows required to kinematically deform the sea surface temperature patterns into the observed configurations.
C1 [Chubb, Scott R.; Mied, Richard P.; Shen, Colin Y.; Chen, Wei; Evans, Thomas E.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Kohut, Josh] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, Coastal Ocean Observat Lab, Ctr Adv & Sustained Technol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
RP Chubb, SR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 40
TC 4
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 8
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0196-2892
EI 1558-0644
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 46
IS 11
BP 3647
EP 3660
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2008.923321
PN 1
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA 378GL
UT WOS:000261309100025
ER
PT J
AU Dell, RF
Ewing, PL
Tarantino, WJ
AF Dell, Robert F.
Ewing, P. Lee
Tarantino, William J.
TI Optimally Stationing Army Forces
SO INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE facilities: location; discrete; government defense; programming: integer
applications
ID LOCATION
AB There are over one million United States active-duty Army, Army National Guard, and Army Reserve soldiers. The Army assigns each soldier to a unit at one of over 4,000 worldwide locations; these facilities consist of approximately 15 million acres and 287 million square feet. The Army can change a soldier's unit assignment; it can also move a unit's home installation. This paper presents an integer linear program, Optimally Stationing Army Forces (OSAF), which prescribes optimal Army stationing for a given set of units. OSAF uses the existing starting locations, set of installations, available implementation dollars, and unit requirements for facilities, ranges, and maneuver land. It has provided the Army with stationing analysis for several years. Perhaps most significantly, OSAF helped with the closure and realignment decisions during the 2005 round of Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC). As a result of this BRAC, by 2011 the Army will close 400 installations (13 installations that primarily house active-duty soldiers, 176 Army Reserve centers, and 211 National Guard armories) and realign 56 active units. These BRAC actions will impact 43 states, cost more than $ 13 billion to implement, and generate an expected 20-year net savings of $ 7.6 billion.
C1 [Dell, Robert F.; Ewing, P. Lee; Tarantino, William J.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Dell, RF (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM dell@nps.edu; plewing@nps.edu; bill.tarantino@comcast.net
NR 25
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 7
PU INFORMS
PI CATONSVILLE
PA 5521 RESEARCH PARK DR, SUITE 200, CATONSVILLE, MD 21228 USA
SN 0092-2102
EI 1526-551X
J9 INTERFACES
JI Interfaces
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 38
IS 6
BP 421
EP 434
DI 10.1287/inte.1080.0401
PG 14
WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science
SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science
GA 383QS
UT WOS:000261689000001
ER
PT J
AU Cox, LA
Brown, GG
Pollock, SM
AF Cox, Louis Anthony, Jr.
Brown, Gerald G.
Pollock, Stephen M.
TI When Is Uncertainty About Uncertainty Worth Characterizing?
SO INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE risk analysis; decision analysis; uncertainty analysis; expert
elicitation; probability; uncertainty characterization
AB In areas of risk assessment ranging from terrorism to health, safety, and the environment, authoritative guidance urges risk analysts to quantify and display their uncertainties about inputs that significantly affect the results of an analysis, including their uncertainties about subjective probabilities of events. Such "uncertainty characterization" is said to be an important part of fully and honestly informing decision makers about the estimates and uncertainties in analyses that support policy recommendations, enabling them to make better decisions. But is it? Characterization of uncertainties about probabilities often carries zero value of information and accomplishes nothing to improve risk-management decisions. Uncertainties about consequence probabilities are not worth characterizing when final actions must be taken based on information available now.
"But there seemed to be no chance of this, so she began looking at everything about her to pass away the time." Lewis Carroll, Alice in Wonderland
C1 [Cox, Louis Anthony, Jr.] Cox Associates, Denver, CO 80218 USA.
[Brown, Gerald G.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Pollock, Stephen M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ind & Operat Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Cox, LA (reprint author), Cox Associates, Denver, CO 80218 USA.
EM tcoxdenver@aol.com; ggbrown@nps.navy.mil; pollock@umich.edu
NR 4
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 14
PU INFORMS
PI HANOVER
PA 7240 PARKWAY DR, STE 310, HANOVER, MD 21076-1344 USA
SN 0092-2102
J9 INTERFACES
JI Interfaces
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 38
IS 6
BP 465
EP 468
DI 10.1287/inte.1080.0397
PG 4
WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science
SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science
GA 383QS
UT WOS:000261689000007
ER
PT J
AU Walker, M
AF Walker, Martin
TI The year of the insurgents: the 2008 US presidential campaign
SO INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
LA English
DT Article
AB The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, Bush's unpopularity at home and abroad and the looming threat of recession would have made a gripping drama of the 2008 presidential election campaign even without the ground-breaking emergence of the first credible black and female candidates for the White House. But the defeat of the Democratic establishment's front-runner, Hillary Clinton, by a little-known freshman Senator of mixed ancestry suggested that this was to be the year of the insurgent, just as the Republicans rallied to the least loyal and most contentious of their candidates, the maverick Senator John McCain. The extraordinarily attractive and articulate Senator Barack Obama re-wrote the rule book on winning primaries and caucuses with the help of Silicon Valley and an unprecedented turnout among black and young voters, before veering sharply to the centre once the nomination was secured. Orthodoxy returned at the conventions, with Obama picking a safe centrist as running mate and McCain choosing a Christian conservative, although generating great excitement by nominating a woman and undermining the usual democrat advantage among female voters. And for all the talk of a 'new politics', the year of the insurgents came down at the end, as US elections usually do, to a handful of swing states and the money and organization to win them.
C1 [Walker, Martin] Global Business Policy Council, Washington, DC USA.
[Walker, Martin] Woodrow Wilson Int Ctr Scholars, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Walker, Martin] Ctr Naval Anal, Washington, DC USA.
[Walker, Martin] USN, Pacific Command, Honolulu, HI USA.
US Cent Command, Tampa, FL USA.
RP Walker, M (reprint author), Global Business Policy Council, Washington, DC USA.
NR 0
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0020-5850
J9 INT AFF
JI Int. Aff.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 84
IS 6
BP 1095
EP +
DI 10.1111/j.1468-2346.2008.00759.x
PG 14
WC International Relations
SC International Relations
GA 361OE
UT WOS:000260136200001
ER
PT J
AU Dai, WZ
Wang, HJ
Jordan, PM
Mickens, RE
Bejan, A
AF Dai, Weizhong
Wang, Haojie
Jordan, Pedro M.
Mickens, Ronald E.
Bejan, Adrian
TI A mathematical model for skin burn injury induced by radiation heating
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
ID TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; BIOHEAT TRANSFER;
TISSUE; EQUATION; TRANSPORT; HYPERTHERMIA; MECHANISMS; WAVES; TREE
AB We modify the Pennes model by taking into account the thermal relaxation time of biological tissue. Specifically, we employ the Maxwell-Cattaneo thermal flux law, in conjunction with the fourth power law, to model the effects of high thermal radiation on such skin. The skin is considered to be a 3D triple-layered structure with embedded dendritic countercurrent multi-level blood vessels, artery and vein, where the dimensions and blood flow of the multi-level blood vessels are determined based on the constructal theory of multi-scale tree-shaped heat exchangers. The method is illustrated by a numerical example. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Dai, Weizhong; Wang, Haojie] Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA.
[Jordan, Pedro M.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[Mickens, Ronald E.] Clark Atlanta Univ, Dept Phys, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA.
[Bejan, Adrian] Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
RP Dai, WZ (reprint author), Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA.
EM dai@coes.latech.edu
RI Bejan, Adrian/D-3909-2012
NR 46
TC 41
Z9 42
U1 2
U2 10
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0017-9310
J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN
JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 51
IS 23-24
BP 5497
EP 5510
DI 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2008.01.006
PG 14
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics
GA 370IK
UT WOS:000260755700004
ER
PT J
AU O'Connor, P
O'Dea, A
Flin, R
Belton, S
AF O'Connor, Paul
O'Dea, Angela
Flin, Rhona
Belton, Steve
TI Identifying the team skills required by nuclear power plant operations
personnel
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ERGONOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Nuclear; Team skills; Critical incident technique
ID PERFORMANCE; BEHAVIOR; SYSTEMS
AB The purpose of this study was to identify the team skills required by nuclear power plant operations team members. Ail initial domain familiarization consisted of it review of company documentation, observations in the control room, on-plant and in the simulator, and role interviews. In the second phase, critical incident technique (CIT) interviews were carried out with 38 operations team members oil three British nuclear power plants. A total of 314 statements concerned with team working skills were identified from the interview data and used to develop the nuclear team skills taxonomy. The taxonorny had five categories: shared situation awareness, team focused decision making, communication, co-ordination, and influence, with 16 component elements.
C1 [O'Connor, Paul] USN, Sch Aviat Safety, Aviat Sch Command, Pensacola, FL 32508 USA.
[O'Dea, Angela] Appl Res Associates, Klein Associates Div, N Fairborn, OH 45324 USA.
[Flin, Rhona] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Psychol, Aberdeen AB24 2UB, Scotland.
[Belton, Steve] British Energy Plc, Retail Markets, Gloucester GL4 3RS, England.
RP O'Connor, P (reprint author), USN, Sch Aviat Safety, Aviat Sch Command, 181 Chambers Ave Ste C, Pensacola, FL 32508 USA.
EM poc73@hotmail.com
RI OConnor, Paul/H-1221-2011;
OI OConnor, Paul/0000-0001-9036-098X; Flin, Rhona/0000-0003-4044-5699
FU UK Industry Management Committee (IMC)
FX The views expressed in the paper are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the position or policy of the IMC. This research was
carried out whilst Drs. O'Connor and O'Dea were employed by the
University of Aberdeen. The paper is based on a project based at the
University of Aberdeen funded by the UK Industry Management Committee
(IMC), or the authors' current employers. We Would also like to
acknowledge the contribution of Dr. Eduardo Salas kvho acted as a
consultant on the first stage of the project.
NR 44
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-8141
J9 INT J IND ERGONOM
JI Int. J. Ind. Ergon.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 38
IS 11-12
BP 1028
EP 1037
DI 10.1016/j.ergon.2008.01.014
PG 10
WC Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics
SC Engineering
GA 381NQ
UT WOS:000261543600017
ER
PT J
AU Lederman, ER
Weld, LH
Elyazar, IRF
von Sonnenburg, F
Loutan, L
Schwartz, E
Keystone, JS
AF Lederman, Edith R.
Weld, Leisa H.
Elyazar, Iqbal R. F.
von Sonnenburg, Frank
Loutan, Louis
Schwartz, Eli
Keystone, Jay S.
TI Dermatologic conditions of the ill returned traveler: an analysis from
the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 52nd Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene
CY DEC 03-07, 2003
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg
DE Traveler; Skin; Dermatologic; Risk factor; Prevention
ID DERMATOBIA-HOMINIS MYIASIS; CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS;
INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; TROPICAL COUNTRIES; SKIN PROBLEMS; INJURIES;
EXPERIENCE; SPECTRUM
AB Background: Skin disorders are common in travelers. Knowledge of the relative frequency of post-travel-related skin disorders, including their geographic and demographic risk factors, will allow for effective pre-travet counseling, as well as improved post-travel diagnosis and therapeutic intervention.
Methods: We performed a retrospective study using anonymous patient demographic, clinical, and travel-related data from the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network clinics from January 1997 through February 2006. The characteristics of these travelers and their itineraries were analyzed using SAS 9.0 statistical software.
Results: A skin-related diagnosis was reported for 4594 patients (18% of all patients seen in a GeoSentinel clinic after travel). The most common skin-related diagnoses were cutaneous larva migrans (CLM), insect bites including superinfected bites, skin abscess, and allergic reaction (38% of all diagnoses). Arthropod-related skin diseases accounted for 31% of all skin diagnoses. III travelers who visited countries in the Caribbean experienced the highest proportionate morbidity due to dermatologic conditions. Pediatric travelers had significantly more dog bites and CLM and fewer insect bites compared with their adult counterparts; geriatric travelers had proportionately more spotted fever and cellulitis.
Conclusions: Clinicians seeing patients post-travel should be alert to classic travel-related skin diseases such as CLM as well as more mundane entities such as pyodermas and allergic reactions. To prevent and manage skin-retated morbidity during travel, international travelers should avoid direct contact with sand, soil, and animals and carry a travel kit including insect repellent, topical antifungals, and corticosteroids and, in the case of extended and/or remote travel, an oral antibiotic with ample coverage for pyogenic organisms. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases.
C1 [Lederman, Edith R.; Elyazar, Iqbal R. F.] USN, Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia.
[Lederman, Edith R.; Weld, Leisa H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
[von Sonnenburg, Frank] Univ Munich, Munich, Germany.
[Loutan, Louis] Univ Hosp Geneva, Travel & Migrat Med Unit, Geneva, Switzerland.
[Schwartz, Eli] Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel.
[Keystone, Jay S.] Toronto Gen Hosp, Ctr Travel & Trop Med, Toronto, ON, Canada.
RP Lederman, ER (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM edith.lederman@rned.navy.mil
FU PHS HHS [U50/CCU412347]
NR 26
TC 53
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U1 1
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1201-9712
J9 INT J INFECT DIS
JI Int. J. Infect. Dis.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 12
IS 6
BP 593
EP 602
DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2007.12.008
PG 10
WC Infectious Diseases
SC Infectious Diseases
GA 375EM
UT WOS:000261096900011
PM 18343180
ER
PT J
AU Heffner, AC
Johnson, DP
AF Heffner, Alan C.
Johnson, David P.
TI A CASE OF LACTATION "BOVINE" KETOACIDOSIS
SO JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE ketosis; bovine; pregnancy; postpartum; starvation
ID STARVATION; KETOSIS
AB A 35-year-old postpartum lactating woman presented with dyspnea and was found to be in non-diabetic ketoacidosis (pH 7.24, HCO3 10 mmol/L, urine ketones >80 mg/dL). Rapid clinical and laboratory resolution occurred after intravenous dextrose and enteral feeding along with discontinuation of lactation. This represents a rarely reported case of lactation "bovine" ketoacidosis in humans. We review the historical precedence for the diagnosis and detail the underlying physiology. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Heffner, Alan C.] Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Crit Care Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
[Johnson, David P.] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Emergency Med, Portsmouth, VA USA.
RP Heffner, AC (reprint author), Carolinas Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Crit Care, POB 32861, Charlotte, NC 28232 USA.
OI heffner, alan/0000-0002-0438-4991
FU National Institutes of Health training [5 T32 HL007820-09]
FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health training grant
#5 T32 HL007820-09. The views expressed in this article are those of the
author or authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or
position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or United
States Government.
NR 10
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0736-4679
J9 J EMERG MED
JI J. Emerg. Med.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 4
BP 385
EP 387
DI 10.1016/j.jemermed.2007.04.013
PG 3
WC Emergency Medicine
SC Emergency Medicine
GA 373PJ
UT WOS:000260983900007
PM 17976809
ER
PT J
AU Hockett, JL
Dommisch, JK
Jobnson, JD
Cohenca, N
AF Hockett, Jeffrey L.
Dommisch, Johanna K.
Jobnson, James D.
Cohenca, Nestor
TI Antimicrobial Efficacy of Two Irrigation Techniques in Tapered and
Nontapered Canal Preparations: An In Vitro Study
SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Canal preparation; disinfection; irrigation; nontapered; tapered
ID ENDODONTIC TREATMENT; APICAL PERIODONTITIS; ROOT CANALS;
SODIUM-HYPOCHLORITE; INTRACANAL BACTERIA; ONE-VISIT; TEETH;
INSTRUMENTATION; ENLARGEMENT; INFECTION
AB The aim of this in vitro study was to determine whether irrigation with apical negative pressure was more effective than traditional positive-pressure irrigation in eradicating Enterococcus faecalis from preshaped root canals. Fifty-four extracted mandibular molars were instrumented to produce either a non-tapered or tapered preparation, sterilized, inoculated with E. faecalis for 30 days, and then randomly assigned into the following groups: group 1-non-tapered preparation and negative-pressure irrigation, group 2-non-tapered preparation and positive-pressure irrigation, group 3-tapered preparation and positive-pressure irrigation, and group 4-tapered preparation and negative-pressure irrigation. Mesial canals were sampled before and after final irrigation and samples incubated aerobically for 48 hours at 37 degrees C. Scanning electron microscopic analysis confirmed dense bacterial colonies in the positive control, consistent with biofilm formation. A statistically significant difference was evident when comparing apical negative-pressure irrigation to positive-pressure irrigation (p=0.004). There was no statistically significant difference in colony-forming units (CFUs) between sizes #35 and #45, nor between tapered and non-tapered preparation. The results of this in vitro study showed that apical negative-pressure irrigation has the potential to achieve better microbial control than traditional irrigation delivery systems. (J Endod 2008;34:1374-1377)
C1 [Hockett, Jeffrey L.; Dommisch, Johanna K.; Jobnson, James D.; Cohenca, Nestor] Univ Washington, Sch Dent, Dept Endodont, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Hockett, Jeffrey L.] USN, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[Dommisch, Johanna K.] Univ Bonn, Dept Periodontol Operat & Preventat Dent, D-5300 Bonn, Germany.
RP Cohenca, N (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Dent, Dept Endodont, Box 357448, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM cohenca@u.washington.edu
FU Discus Dental, Culver City, CA
FX Supported in part by Discus Dental, Culver City, CA.
NR 29
TC 38
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0099-2399
J9 J ENDODONT
JI J. Endod.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 34
IS 11
BP 1374
EP 1377
DI 10.1016/j.joen.2008.07.022
PG 4
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
GA 374CZ
UT WOS:000261021400016
PM 18928850
ER
PT J
AU Ndubizu, CC
Ananth, R
Williams, FW
AF Ndubizu, Chuka C.
Ananth, Ramagopal
Williams, Frederick W.
TI Suppression and Extinguishment of Boundary Layer Flame over
Communication Cable by 'Gas-like' Water Mist in Cross-flow
SO JOURNAL OF FIRE SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE water mist; cable fire; extinguishment; solid combustion
ID BURNING RATE; FORCED FLOW; FIRES; EXTINCTION; COMBUSTION; SPRAYS; PLATE
AB Fire suppression experiments are performed with 'gas-like' water mist in cross-flow on bare (without PVC jacket) communication cables to simulate a worst-case scenario. As fine water droplets are injected at low velocities, an initial envelope flame that engulfed the circumference of the cable recedes and forms a wake flame stabilized behind the cable. At high-mist concentration and/or high-air velocity, the flame is extinguished by shrinking rather than blowing-off, which is the case in flat plate boundary layer flames. The results show that ultra fine mist (UFM, Sauter mean droplet diameter, SMD 3 mm) seems to be more effective in reducing the extinguishment time than high-pressure spray nozzle mist (SMD 20 mm), which introduces sprayinduced turbulence. The cable flame is extinguished rapidly after a threshold UFM concentration is exceeded. The threshold concentration decreases with increased air velocity. Finally, the copper cylindrical mesh, which is part of the cable, significantly enhances the effectiveness of UFM in flame extinguishment.
C1 [Ndubizu, Chuka C.; Ananth, Ramagopal; Williams, Frederick W.] USN, Res Lab, Navy Technol Ctr Safety & Survivabil, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Ananth, R (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Navy Technol Ctr Safety & Survivabil, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM ramagopal.ananth@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research
FX We appreciate the contributions of Mr Clarence Whitehurst in conducting
the experiments and we thank NanoMist Systems LLC for providing the
ultra fine mist generator. This work was funded by the Office of Naval
Research, through the Naval Research Laboratory.
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0734-9041
J9 J FIRE SCI
JI J. Fire Sci.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 26
IS 6
BP 531
EP 560
DI 10.1177/0734904108093604
PG 30
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 370DL
UT WOS:000260742800004
ER
PT J
AU Bevilacqua, R
Romano, M
AF Bevilacqua, R.
Romano, M.
TI Rendezvous Maneuvers of Multiple Spacecraft Using Differential Drag
Under J(2) Perturbation
SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID THRUST
AB In this work, the residual atmospheric drag is exploited to perform rendezvous maneuvers among multiple spacecraft in low Earth orbits. These maneuvers are required, for instance, for autonomous on-orbit assembly. By varying the level of aerodynamic drag of each spacecraft, relative differential accelerations are generated among the spacecraft of the group and therefore their relative orbits are controlled. Each of the spacecraft is assumed to include a drag plate, which can be actively opened or closed, to vary the atmospheric drag. The recently developed Schweighart-Sedwick model is used to describe the relative dynamics of different spacecraft with respect to a circular orbit with the inclusion of J(2) effects. Furthermore, the natural relative dynamics of each chaser with respect to the target is decoupled into a secular motion and a periodic oscillation. In particular, the following two-phase control method is proposed. First, the secular motion of each chaser is controlled via differential drag in order for the spacecraft to sequentially move from an arbitrary initial condition to a closed stable relative orbit around the target spacecraft. After the relative orbit stabilization, a relative eccentricity control is applied to each spacecraft to zero-out the semi-axis of the relative orbit around the target and to achieve the rendezvous condition. The control algorithm considers mutual constraints among the values of differential drag that the different spacecraft can experience. Potential collisions are avoided by changing the maneuvering initial time. The main advantage of the proposed technique is that it enables a fleet of spacecraft to rendezvous without propellant expenditure. Furthermore, no numerical optimization is needed, because the control policy is based on closed-form analytical solutions. The proposed technique was validated via numerical simulations.
C1 [Bevilacqua, R.; Romano, M.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Romano, M.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Space Syst Acad Grp, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Bevilacqua, R (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Code AA-RB,699 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM rbevilac@nps.edu; mromano@nps.edu
RI Romano, Marcello/C-7972-2013
FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
FX This research was partially supported by the Defense Advanced Research
Projects Agency. This research was performed while R. Bevilacqua was
holding a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the
Spacecraft Robotics Laboratory of the Naval Postgraduate School. The
authors wish to thank Lt. Cmdr. Jason Hall for the useful discussions
and for the fundamental help regarding the control integration into a
complete orbital propagator.
NR 16
TC 31
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0731-5090
J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM
JI J. Guid. Control Dyn.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 31
IS 6
BP 1595
EP 1607
DI 10.2514/1.36362
PG 13
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 369YA
UT WOS:000260728600006
ER
PT J
AU Murray, MM
AF Murray, Mark M.
TI Demonstration of heat transfer enhancement using ferromagnetic particle
laden fluid and switched magnetic fields
SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
DE convection; enhancement; magnetic field; particle laden fluid
ID TRANSFER AUGMENTATION; ETHYLENE-GLYCOL; NANOFLUIDS; FLOW
AB A convective heat transfer enhancement technique and the experimental methods used to quantify the improvement in heat transfer and subsequent differential pressure are introduced. The enhancement technique employed time varying magnetic fields produced in a pipe to cause the ferromagnetic particles of a particle laden fluid (mineral oil and iron filings) to be attracted to and released from a heated pipe wall. The ferromagnetic particles acted not only to advect heat from the pipe wall into the bulk fluid but they also significantly modified the flow field, disrupted the boundary layer, allowed cooler fluid to reach the high temperature pipe wall, increased thermal energy transfer directly to the fluid, and contributed to the overall improvement in heat transfer rate. The experimental method utilized to quantify an increased effectiveness of convective heat transfer used an apparatus designed to replicate an internally cooled fin, whose surface temperature was measured with an IR camera. These temperature measurements were utilized to calculate the convective heat transfer coefficient (h) of the fluid within the pipe. The enhancement technique demonstrated a 267% increase in heat transfer coefficient with only a corresponding 48% increase in flow differential pressure for an electromagnetic switching frequency of 2 Hz. It is also found that there were optimum magnetic field switching frequencies for both enhancement and differential pressure magnitudes.
C1 USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Murray, MM (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM mmmurray@usna.ed
FU Naval Academy Research Council (NARC) [N00014-02-WR20325]; Army Research
Office (ARO) [MIPR6MUSNAR137]
FX The author would like to acknowledge the support of this research by the
Naval Academy Research Council (NARC) under Grant No. N00014-02-WR20325
and Army Research Office (ARO) under Grant No. MIPR6MUSNAR137, which
supported this work.
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0022-1481
J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME
JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 130
IS 11
AR 114508
DI 10.1115/1.2970064
PG 4
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA 345DG
UT WOS:000258975600023
ER
PT J
AU Stander, VA
Merrill, LL
Thomsen, CJ
Crouch, JL
Milner, JS
AF Stander, Valerie A.
Merrill, Lex L.
Thomsen, Cynthia J.
Crouch, Julie L.
Milner, Joel S.
TI Premilitary Adult Sexual Assault Victimization and Perpetration in a
Navy Recruit Sample
SO JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE sexual assault; victim; perpetrator; military
ID RISK-FACTORS; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; CRIMINAL VICTIMIZATION; EXPERIENCES
SURVEY; NATIONAL SAMPLE; WOMEN; HEALTH; RAPE; AGGRESSION; PREVALENCE
AB Female (n = 5,226) and male (n = 5,969) U. S. Navy recruits completed a survey assessing their premilitary histories of adult sexual assault (SA), defined as attempted or completed rape since the age of 14. The survey was completed under anonymous or identified conditions. Overall, 39% of women reported premilitary SA victimization and 13% of men admitted premilitary SA perpetration. As predicted, rates were significantly higher in the anonymous than in the identified condition. For the sample of women as a whole, marital status, ethnicity, and family income were associated with SA victimization; for men, only marital status was associated with SA perpetration. Compared to previous college samples, Navy recruits were more likely to have previous SA experience. Given the negative consequences associated with SA victimization and perpetration, the present study reinforces the desirability of developing additional treatment, education, and prevention programs to reduce the occurrence of SA among military recruits.
C1 [Stander, Valerie A.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Navy, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[Thomsen, Cynthia J.; Crouch, Julie L.; Milner, Joel S.] No Illinois Univ, Ctr Study Family Violence & Sexual Assault, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA.
RP Stander, VA (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Navy, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
NR 39
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 5
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0886-2605
J9 J INTERPERS VIOLENCE
JI J. Interpers. Violence
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 23
IS 11
BP 1636
EP 1653
DI 10.1177/0886260508314325
PG 18
WC Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychology, Applied
SC Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychology
GA 358UB
UT WOS:000259941900008
PM 18319371
ER
PT J
AU Godinez, ME
McDermitt, CS
Hastings, AS
Parent, MG
Bucholtz, F
AF Godinez, Modesto E.
McDermitt, Christopher S.
Hastings, Alexander S.
Parent, Mark G.
Bucholtz, Frank
TI RF Characterization of Zero-Biased Photodiodes
SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Calibration; phased array radar; photodetectors; photodiodes; radio
frequency (RF); zero-bias
ID MICROWAVE PHOTODETECTORS; NONLINEARITIES
AB The characteristics of zero-biased InGaAs p-i-n photodiodes were studied for use as optical transducers in an in situ phased array radar calibrator. Radio frequency (RF) operation is especially important for the intended application in which the zero-biased photodiodes drive patch antennas embedded in a radome. The photodiodes act as sources for real-time calibration of the phase and amplitude of each array element and will operate with only optical input from a modulated optical fiber link. Unfortunately, little is known of the RF performance of photodiodes; operated without voltage bias. In this paper, both the de and RF performance of a particular photodiode were studied to determine the optimum operating conditions and to understand the type and severity or any limitations.
C1 [Godinez, Modesto E.] SFA Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA.
[McDermitt, Christopher S.; Hastings, Alexander S.; Parent, Mark G.; Bucholtz, Frank] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Godinez, ME (reprint author), SFA Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA.
EM tony.godniez@nrl.navy.mil; christopher.mcdermitt@nrl.navy.mil;
alexander.hastings@nrl.navy.mil; parent@radar.nrl.navy.mil;
frank.bucholtz@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research
FX This work was sponsored in part by the Office of Naval Research.
NR 16
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0733-8724
J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL
JI J. Lightwave Technol.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 26
IS 21-24
BP 3829
EP 3834
DI 10.1109/JLT.2008.927794
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications
GA 405LA
UT WOS:000263225000038
ER
PT J
AU Kara, AB
Wallcraft, AJ
Hurlburt, HE
Stanev, EV
AF Kara, A. Birol
Wallcraft, Alan J.
Hurlburt, Harley E.
Stanev, E. V.
TI Air-sea fluxes and river discharges in the Black Sea with a focus on the
Danube and Bosphorus
SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Black Sea; River discharge; Buoyancy flux; Air-sea flux; Climatology
ID OCEAN MODEL HYCOM; MIXED-LAYER; VERTICAL COORDINATE; WATER TURBIDITY;
FRESH-WATER; SIMULATIONS; SENSITIVITY; SATELLITE; CIRCULATION; TRANSPORT
AB Climatological variations of thermal and haline buoyancy fluxes are investigated in the Black Sea. Analyses are performed to determine whether or not thermal buoyancy flux due to net heat flux (or haline buoyancy flux due to freshwater flux) dominates net buoyancy flux in the Black Sea. The effect of the two types of buoyancy flux are examined using a approximate to 3.2 km resolution HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM). In the Black Sea, salinity is increased by Bosphorus inflow and decreased by precipitation and the inflow from six major rivers. Thus, the monthly mean discharge values from six major rivers are used as additions to the precipitation field in the model. River discharges are obtained from four climatologies: (1) River DIScharge (RivDIS), (2) Perry, (3) University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) and (4) Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). Statistical evaluations of climatological river discharges from these products result in similar annual mean values. However, there are differences in the seasonal cycle. In the case of Danube, which has the largest annual river discharge contribution of approximate to 6365 m(3) s(-1), RMS differences for river discharge values over the seasonal cycle are within approximate to 2% among all products. The Black Sea HYCOM simulation uses climatological monthly mean atmospheric forcing (wind and thermal forcing) from European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) Re-analyses. Buoyancy flux fields obtained from the HYCOM simulation demonstrate that thermal buoyancy flux dominates haline buoyancy flux in all months except March when the basin-averaged absolute ratio of former to the latter is 0.5 in the Black Sea. On the contrary, large buoyancy ratio values of >> 1 in other months explain the buoyancy is much more sensitive to variations in heating. It is also found that near the Bosphorus Strait in the Black Sea the strongly concentrated source of salty water typically penetrates into the deeper layers as a plume. Further analyses of mean buoyancy fluxes reveal nonexistence of deep convection in the Black Sea on climatological time scales. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.
C1 [Kara, A. Birol; Wallcraft, Alan J.; Hurlburt, Harley E.] Naval Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA.
[Stanev, E. V.] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, ICBM Phys Oceanog, D-2900 Oldenburg, Germany.
RP Kara, AB (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA.
EM birol.kara@nrlssc.navy.mil; alan.wallcraft@nrlssc.navy.mil;
harley.hurlburt@nrlssc.navy.mil; e.stanev@icbm.de
FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [602435N, 601153N]
FX The HYCOM simulation was performed under the Department of Defense High
Performance Computing Modernization Program on an IBM SP POWER3 at the
Naval Oceanographic Office, Stennis Space Center, Mississippi. This work
is a contribution of the 6.2 HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model and advanced
data assimilation, the NOPP HYCOM consortium for dataassimilative ocean
modeling, and the 6.1 Thermodynamic and Topographic Forcing of Global
Ocean Models projects. Funding was provided by the Office of Naval
Research (ONR) under program elements 602435N for 6.2 and 601153N for
6.1 projects. E. Stanev's visit to NRL was supported by ONR office of
London, U.K. We would like to thank C. N. Barron and L. F. Smedstad,
both at the Oceanography Division of the Naval Research Laboratory
(NRL), for discussion regarding the NRL river climatology data set.
Reviewers provided excellent comments, and we would like to thank them
for their criticisms. Very special thanks go to T. Oguz for various
discussions about the Black Sea climate studies. This paper is
contribution NRL/JA/7304/05/6067 and has been approved for public
release.
NR 56
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Z9 15
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0924-7963
J9 J MARINE SYST
JI J. Mar. Syst.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 74
IS 1-2
BP 74
EP 95
DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2007.11.010
PG 22
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 377MU
UT WOS:000261256100004
ER
PT J
AU Wallcraft, AJ
Kara, AB
Hurlburt, HE
Chassignet, EP
Halliwell, GH
AF Wallcraft, Alan J.
Kara, A. Birol
Hurlburt, Harley E.
Chassignet, Eric P.
Halliwell, George H.
TI Value of bulk heat flux parameterizations for ocean SST prediction
SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bulk heat fluxes; Ocean model SST; Exchange coefficients; Atmospheric
forcing; Climate
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; EMBEDDED
MIXED-LAYER; TURBID BLACK-SEA; WATER TURBIDITY; THERMOHALINE
CIRCULATION; VERTICAL COORDINATE; ATLANTIC OCEANS; NORTH PACIFIC;
SIMULATIONS
AB Bulk heat flux parameterization is an increasingly popular technique for forcing non-coupled ocean models. If sea surface temperature (SST) from the model is colder (warmer) than observed, then the net heat flux will be higher (lower) than observed; thus, bulk parameterizations tend to keep model SST close to observational SST on long time scales. However, bulk parameterizations imply neither strong damping of SST variability nor strong relaxation to near-surface (e.g., at 10 m) air temperature (T-a). This is demonstrated using SST simulations from a 0.72 degrees x 0.72 degrees cos(lat) (longitude x latitude) resolution global HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) that does not include assimilation of any SST data or explicit relaxation to any SST climatology, but does use bulk heat fluxes. Results are discussed when climatological wind and thermal atmospheric forcing for HYCOM are constructed from three different archived numerical weather prediction (NWP) products: (1) the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) 15-year Re-Analysis during 1979-1993 (ERA-15), (2) ECMWF 40-year Re-Analysis (ERA-40) during 1979-2002, and (3) the Common Ocean Reference Experiment Corrected Normal Year forcing version 1.0 (CORE-CNY) based on the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) re-analysis which spans 1948-2002. To investigate the implications of the bulk heat flux approach as relaxation to SST and T-a, HYCOM SST simulations are used to demonstrate that model SST errors with respect to the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) SST climatology do not look like T-a-SST fields from NWP products. Such a result is confirmed for all simulations forced with ERA-15, ERA-40 and CORE-CNY, separately. Overall, global averages of mean HYCOM SST error are 0.2 degrees C (1.5 degrees C, 0.4 degrees C (1.7 degrees C) and 0.6 degrees C (2.3 degrees C) with respect to NOAA SST (NWP T-a) climatology when the model uses atmospheric forcing from ERA-15, ERA-40 and CORE-CNY, respectively. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wallcraft, Alan J.; Kara, A. Birol; Hurlburt, Harley E.] Naval Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA.
[Chassignet, Eric P.] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL USA.
[Chassignet, Eric P.] Florida State Univ, Dept Oceanog, Tallahassee, FL USA.
[Halliwell, George H.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
RP Wallcraft, AJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA.
EM alan.wallcraft@nrlssc.navy.mil; birol.kara@nrlssc.navy.mil;
harley.hurlburt@nrlssc.navy.mil; echassignet@coaps.fsu.edu;
ghalliwell@rsmas.miami.edu
RI Halliwell, George/B-3046-2011
OI Halliwell, George/0000-0003-4216-070X
FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [601153N]; Deep Water Pathways
FX Two anonymous reviewers are thanked for their comments. The numerical
HYCOM simulations were performed under the Department of Defense High
Performance Computing Modernization Program on an IBM SP POWER3 at the
Naval Oceanographic Office, Stennis Space Center, MS and on a HP/COMPAQ
SC45 at the United States Army Engineer Research and Development Center
(ERDC), Vicksburg, MS. This research is funded by the Office of Naval
Research (ONR) under program element 601153N as part of the NRL 6.1
Global Remote Littonal Forcing via Deep Water Pathways project. This is
contribution NRL/JA/7320/05/6069 and has been approved for public
release.
NR 60
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0924-7963
EI 1879-1573
J9 J MARINE SYST
JI J. Mar. Syst.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 74
IS 1-2
BP 241
EP 258
DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2008.01.009
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 377MU
UT WOS:000261256100014
ER
PT J
AU Howell, PB
Mott, DR
Ligler, FS
Golden, JP
Kaplan, CR
Oran, ES
AF Howell, Peter B., Jr.
Mott, David R.
Ligler, Frances S.
Golden, Joel P.
Kaplan, Carolyn R.
Oran, Elaine S.
TI A combinatorial approach to microfluidic mixing
SO JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
ID OVERLAPPING CRISSCROSS MICROMIXER; MAGNETIC MICROSTIRRER; MIXER;
MICROCHANNELS; PRINCIPLES; ADVECTION; GROOVES; DESIGN; DRIVEN
AB A new computational approach to the modeling and design of efficient microfluidic mixers is demonstrated. The mixers created provide far more rapid mixing than previous designs. A set of mixer components is created and mapped using a traditional Navier-Stokes fluid solver. The maps are used to quickly model the effect each component has on the lateral distribution of species in the channel. For a mixer of a given length, all the possible combinations of components can be evaluated, and the best mixer for a given metric can be found. Although the mixers presented in this study are short (length-to-width ratios below 8), they show degrees of mixing comparable to much longer mixers found in the literature.
C1 [Howell, Peter B., Jr.; Ligler, Frances S.; Golden, Joel P.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Mott, David R.; Kaplan, Carolyn R.; Oran, Elaine S.] USN, Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Howell, PB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM peter.howell@nrl.navy.mil
RI Howell, Peter/E-6214-2010; Howell, Peter/H-8710-2012;
OI Howell, Peter/0000-0003-3673-3145; Mott, David/0000-0002-7863-456X
FU NRL Work Unit [62-6027]
FX This work was supported by NRL Work Unit 62-6027. PBH was a National
Research Council postdoctoral fellow during a portion of the project.
The views are those of the authors and do not represent the opinion or
policy of the US Navy or Department of Defense.
NR 33
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 9
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0960-1317
J9 J MICROMECH MICROENG
JI J. Micromech. Microeng.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 18
IS 11
AR 115019
DI 10.1088/0960-1317/18/11/115019
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments &
Instrumentation; Physics
GA 363JP
UT WOS:000260263900019
ER
PT J
AU Bajwa, N
Li, XS
Ajayan, PM
Vajtai, R
AF Bajwa, Navdeep
Li, Xuesong
Ajayan, Pulickel M.
Vajtai, Robert
TI Mechanisms for Catalytic CVD Growth of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes
SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd Workshop on Growth Mechanisms of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes
(SWCNTs)
CY APR 15-19, 2007
CL Rice, Univ, Richard E Smalley Inst, Houston, TX
SP NASA, JSC
HO Rice, Univ, Richard E Smalley Inst
DE Carbon Nanotubes; CCVD; Growth Mechanism; Nucleation; Kinetics
ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; LARGE-SCALE SYNTHESIS; DIFFUSION-CONTROLLED
KINETICS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT GROWTH; SINGLE-WALLED NANOTUBES; ALIGNED
CARBON; FILAMENTOUS CARBON; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; HYDROGEN STORAGE;
ROOM-TEMPERATURE
AB Carbon nanotubes possess unique properties that make them potentially ideal materials for various technological applications. However, a basic growth mechanism explaining the way metallic atoms interact with carbon to nucleate, grow and heal CNTs still needs to be understood. In this review paper we describe the mechanisms of catalytic chemical vapor deposition growth of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and carbon nanofibers, the role of various parameters that govern their growth kinetics and the knowledge added to singlewalled nanotube growth. We also examine future strategies needed to reveal complete knowledge of the growth mechanisms of carbon nanotubes.
C1 [Bajwa, Navdeep; Li, Xuesong; Ajayan, Pulickel M.; Vajtai, Robert] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
[Bajwa, Navdeep] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Li, Xuesong] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Ajayan, Pulickel M.; Vajtai, Robert] Rice Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
RP Ajayan, PM (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 110 8th St, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
NR 117
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 6
U2 19
PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS
PI VALENCIA
PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA
SN 1533-4880
EI 1533-4899
J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO
JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 8
IS 11
BP 6054
EP 6064
DI 10.1166/jnn.2008.SW02
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 379IV
UT WOS:000261390800069
PM 19198346
ER
PT J
AU O'Laughlin, SJ
Kokosinski, E
AF O'Laughlin, Shaun J.
Kokosinski, Eileen
TI Cauda Equina Syndrome in a Pregnant Woman Referred to Physical Therapy
for Low Back Pain
SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [O'Laughlin, Shaun J.] Evans Army Community Hosp, Ft Carson, CO USA.
[Kokosinski, Eileen] USN, Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA.
RP O'Laughlin, SJ (reprint author), Evans Army Community Hosp, Ft Carson, CO USA.
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 4
PU J O S P T,
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA
SN 0190-6011
J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS
JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 38
IS 11
BP 721
EP 721
DI 10.2519/jospt.2008.0411
PG 1
WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences
SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences
GA 372LC
UT WOS:000260902100008
PM 18978454
ER
PT J
AU Saldua, NS
Kuhn, KM
Mazurek, MT
AF Saldua, Nelson S.
Kuhn, Kevin M.
Mazurek, Michael T.
TI Thermal Necrosis Complicating Reamed Intramedullary Nailing of a Closed
Tibial Diaphysis Fracture: A Case Report
SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRAUMA
LA English
DT Article
DE thermal necrosis; reamed intramedullary nail; complications of reaming
ID KNEE PAIN; INSERTION; RABBITS; SHAFT
AB A case report of thermal necrosis of the tibia after reamed intramedullary nailing is presented. Given the consequences of this complication, the proper use of reaming technique and equipment is emphasized.
C1 [Saldua, Nelson S.; Kuhn, Kevin M.; Mazurek, Michael T.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
RP Saldua, NS (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 112, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM nelson.saldua@med.navy.mil
NR 15
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0890-5339
J9 J ORTHOP TRAUMA
JI J. Orthop. Trauma
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 22
IS 10
BP 737
EP 741
DI 10.1097/BOT.0b013e31818ccddf
PG 5
WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences
SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences
GA 371GO
UT WOS:000260820000012
PM 18978551
ER
PT J
AU Haack, T
Chelton, D
Pullen, J
Doyle, JD
Schlax, M
AF Haack, Tracy
Chelton, Dudley
Pullen, Julie
Doyle, James D.
Schlax, Michael
TI Summertime Influence of SST on Surface Wind Stress off the US West Coast
from the US Navy COAMPS Model
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID CALIFORNIA CURRENT SYSTEM; NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION; EASTERN
EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; AIR-SEA FLUXES; TROPICAL
PACIFIC; TEMPERATURE; OCEAN; FLOW; VARIABILITY
AB High-resolution mesoscale model sea surface temperature (SST) analyses and surface wind stress forecasts off the U. S. West Coast are analyzed on monthly time scales for robust signatures of air-sea interaction as the surface winds encounter ocean surface features such as SST fronts, filaments, and eddies. This interaction is manifest by the linear relationship, or coupling coefficient, between the downwind SST gradient and wind stress divergence and between the crosswind SST gradient and wind stress curl evident from analysis of fields averaged over 29 days. This study examines fields from the Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS) model, spanning the summer months, June September, for four consecutive years, 2002-05. Relative to several models evaluated previously, coupling coefficients are much closer to those calculated from Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT) satellite measurements. In addition, the summertime correlation between the wind stress derivative field and its corresponding SST gradient field on monthly time scales agrees well with satellite-derived correlations. Sensible and latent heat flux fields are also analyzed for features indicative of pronounced air-sea exchange associated with SST influence.
C1 [Haack, Tracy; Pullen, Julie; Doyle, James D.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Chelton, Dudley; Schlax, Michael] Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Haack, T (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM haack@nrlmry.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research; Program Elements [0601153N]; NASA [NAS
5-32965]; NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory [1283973, 1283976]
FX We are grateful for the effort of Dr. James Cummings, who designed the
SST analysis used by COAMPS, and for the input of Drs. Shouping Wang and
Jeffrey Paduan who each offered suggestions in shaping the content of
the paper pertinent to their research. This work was supported by the
Office of Naval Research, Program Elements 0601153N, NASA Grant NAS
5-32965, and Contracts 1283973 and 1283976 from the NASA Jet Propulsion
Laboratory for funding of Ocean Vector Winds Science Team activities.
NR 51
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 38
IS 11
BP 2414
EP 2437
DI 10.1175/2008JPO3870.1
PG 24
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 381TQ
UT WOS:000261559200004
ER
PT J
AU Robrecht, DT
Millegen, J
Leventis, LL
Crescitelli, JBA
Mclay, RN
AF Robrecht, Daniel T.
Millegen, Jeffrey
Leventis, Lynn L.
Crescitelli, Jo-Bette A.
McLay, Robert N.
TI Spousal Military Deployment as a Risk Factor for Postpartum Depression
SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE depression, postpartum; military; postpartum care, risk assessment; risk
factors; screening
ID POSTNATAL DEPRESSION; VALIDATION; MOTHERS
AB OBJECTIVE: To compare the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) results in women whose spouses had deployed during or after pregnancy vs. those whose spouses had not.
STUDY DESIGN: A chart review of 6-week postpartum visits of women with active-duty spouses was conducted over 10 months. Associations between military deployments and EPDS score were examined by Student's t test, and rates of Positive screens (with a cutoff of >= 12) between groups were compared by odds ratio (OR). Linear regression was used to calculate predictors of EPDS score.
RESULTS: A total of 415 charts were analyzed. The average EPDS score of women whose partner did deploy during the pregnancy was 7.36 compared to 4.81 for those whose partners did not (p < 0.001). The percentage of positive screens for women whose partner deployed during the pregnancy was 25.27% compared with 10.94% for art OR of 2.75 (p < 0.001). Linear regression showed partner's deployment during pregnancy to be art independent predictor of EPDS score (p < 0.005).
CONCLUSION: Deployment of a spouse during pregnancy be a risk factor for depression. Aggressive screening of this at-risk population is recommended. (J Reprod Med 2008;53:860-864)
C1 Maricopa Integrated Hlth Syst, Dept Psychiat, Phoenix, AZ USA.
USN, Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, San Diego, CA USA.
USN, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, San Diego, CA USA.
RP Robrecht, DT (reprint author), 570 W Brown Rd, Mesa, AZ 85201 USA.
EM daniel.robrecht@hcs.maricopa.gov
NR 14
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU J REPROD MED INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA 8342 OLIVE BLVD, ST LOUIS, MO 63132 USA
SN 0024-7758
J9 J REPROD MED
JI J. Reprod. Med.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 53
IS 11
BP 862
EP 866
PG 5
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology
GA 376ZR
UT WOS:000261222000008
ER
PT J
AU Carr, M
Kearney, DL
Eidem, BW
AF Carr, Michael
Kearney, Debra L.
Eidem, Benjamin W.
TI Congenital Aneurysm of the Muscular Interventricular Septum
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ventricular septal aneurysm; Congenital; Cardiomyopathy; Endocardial
fibroelastosis
AB Congenital aneurysms of the muscular interventricular septum are rare. We report the diagnosis of such an aneurysm by fetal echocardiography at 19 weeks' gestation and the subsequent follow-up through early neonatal life, with the ultimate progression to a dilated cardiomyopathy requiring cardiac transplantation. This case highlights the early diagnosis of this rare finding and the unusual clinical course to include the confounding features of endocardial fibroelastosis, left ventricular noncompaction, and a lymphocytic infiltrate demonstrated on pathologic examination. Most infants with congenital septal aneurysms are asymptomatic, but this case demonstrates the need for careful serial assessment and clinical follow-up because of the unclear origin and natural history of this entity.
C1 [Kearney, Debra L.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
[Eidem, Benjamin W.] Mayo Clin, Div Pediat Cardiol, Rochester, MN USA.
RP Carr, M (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
EM michael.carr@med.navy.mil
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0894-7317
J9 J AM SOC ECHOCARDIOG
JI J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 21
IS 11
AR 1282.e1
DI 10.1016/j.echo.2008.01.005
PG 6
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 369VO
UT WOS:000260722200014
PM 18313262
ER
PT J
AU Kessel, R
Lucke, RL
AF Kessel, Robert
Lucke, Robert L.
TI AN ANALYTIC FORM FOR THE INTERRESPONSE TIME ANALYSIS OF SHULL, GAYNOR,
AND GRIMES WITH APPLICATIONS AND EXTENSIONS
SO JOURNAL OF THE EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BEHAVIOR
LA English
DT Article
DE IRT distributions; Monte Carlo simulation; pigeon IRT banding
ID VARIABLE-INTERVAL REINFORCEMENT; ENGAGEMENT BOUTS
AB Shull, Gaynor and Grimes advanced a model for interresponse time distribution using probabilistic cycling between a higher-rate and a lower-rate response process. Both response processes are assumed to be random in time with a constant rate. The cycling between the two processes is assumed to have a constant transition probability that is independent of bout length. This report develops an analytic form of the model which has a natural parametrization for a higher-rate within-bout responding and a lower-rate visit-initiation responding. The analytic form provides a convenient basis for both a nonlinear leastsquares data reduction technique to estimate the model's parameters and Monte Carlo simulations of the model. In addition, the analytic formulation is extended to both a refractory period for the rats' behavior and, separately, the strongly-banded behavior seen with pigeons.
C1 [Kessel, Robert] USN, Res Lab, Electroopt Technol Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Kessel, R (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Electroopt Technol Sect, Code 8123, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM kessel@ncst.nrl.navy.mil
NR 14
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU SOC EXP ANALYSIS BEHAVIOR INC
PI BLOOMINGTON
PA INDIANA UNIV DEPT PSYCHOLOGY, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47405 USA
SN 0022-5002
J9 J EXP ANAL BEHAV
JI J. Exp. Anal. Behav.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 90
IS 3
BP 363
EP 386
DI 10.1901/jeab.2008.90-363
PG 24
WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences; Psychology, Experimental
SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences
GA 375LM
UT WOS:000261115400007
PM 19070342
ER
PT J
AU Chavko, M
Prusaczyk, WK
McCarron, RM
AF Chavko, Mikulas
Prusaczyk, W. Keith
McCarron, Richard M.
TI Protection Against Blast-Induced Mortality in Rats by Hemin
SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE
LA English
DT Article
DE Pulmonary; Blast overpressure; Heme oxygenase; Mortality; Rat
ID INDUCED LUNG INJURY; PROVIDES PROTECTION; CARBON-MONOXIDE;
GENE-TRANSFER; SLEEP-APNEA; HEMOGLOBIN; OXYGENASE-1; SYSTEM; EXPOSURE;
STRESS
AB Background: A critical immediate determinant of survival after exposure to blast overpressure (BOP) is cardiovascular and respiratory impairment related to disruption of the alveolar septa and pulmonary capillaries and resulting in acute pulmonary hemorrhage. Hemoglobin (Hb) released from red cells can contribute to lethality by activation of oxidative stress reactions and severe vasoconstriction associated with hypoperfusion in the pulmonary microcirculation. Heme oxygenase-l (HO-1) is activated by hemin, a product of Hb degradation and may confer protection against hemoglobin-mediated oxidative cell and tissue damage.
Methods: Rats were injected intra-peritoneally with hemin (50 mg/kg) or phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Twenty hours later, animals were placed in a shock tube and exposed to blast overpressure with mean intensity of approximately 160 kPa. Nonblasted sham-injected animals served as controls.
Results: HO-1 mRNA and HO-1 protein in lungs was induced by injection of hemin. Exposure to blast resulted in confluent lung hemorrhage and mortality (similar to 65%). Hemin injection significantly improved the survival rate of animals compared with PBS injected animals (P = 0.01).
Conclusions: The protection by hemin against blast may involve antioxidative and vasodilatory effects of HO-1, although, the precise mechanisms of the protection are unknown.
C1 [Chavko, Mikulas; Prusaczyk, W. Keith; McCarron, Richard M.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Trauma & Resuscitat Med Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Chavko, M (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Trauma & Resuscitat Med Dept, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM mikulas.chavko@med.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research Work Unit [601153N.04508.518.A0406]
FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research Work Unit
601153N.04508.518.A0406.
NR 40
TC 9
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 3
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0022-5282
J9 J TRAUMA
JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 65
IS 5
BP 1140
EP 1145
DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e3181870a8c
PG 6
WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery
SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery
GA 372DD
UT WOS:000260881000028
PM 19001988
ER
PT J
AU Lu, CZ
Zhang, XL
Xie, XS
Feng, SW
Diagne, I
Khan, A
Mohammad, SN
AF Lu, Changzhi
Zhang, Xiaoling
Xie, Xuesong
Feng, Shiwei
Diagne, Ibrahima
Khan, Arif
Mohammad, S. Noor
TI Interface states mediated reverse leakage through
metal/Al(x)Ga(1-x)N/GaN Schottky diodes
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminium compounds; dielectric polarisation; gallium compounds; III-V
semiconductors; interface states; leakage currents; piezoelectric
materials; Schottky barriers; Schottky diodes; semiconductor
heterojunctions; two-dimensional electron gas
ID N-GAN; GALLIUM NITRIDE; OHMIC CONTACTS; ALGAN/GAN HETEROSTRUCTURES;
TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; DESIGN PRINCIPLES; MECHANISMS; IMPROVEMENT;
RECTIFIERS; CONDUCTION
AB Interface states modulated reverse leakage current through metal/Al(x)Ga(1-x)N/GaN diodes has been studied. Reverse leakage current and breakdown voltage have been measured over wide temperature ranges. The investigation suggests that the piezoelectric polarization and the spontaneous polarization at the Al(x)Ga(1-x)N/GaN heterostructure create polarization induced charges in Al(x)Ga(1-x)N, and influence the two-dimensional electron gas at the GaN/Al(x)Ga(1-x)N interface. Both of them dictate the barrier height of the strained Al(x)Ga(1-x)N Schottky contact. High density of defect states at the metal/Al(x)Ga(1-x)N interface leads to high reverse leakage current via Fowler-Nordheim emission and/or Frankel-Poole emission. The most notable finding is the reduction in the leakage current almost to zero at high temperatures due to strain relaxation, reduction in defect states, and barrier height enhancement at the metal/Al(x)Ga(1-x)N interface. Such finding may have significant impact on the way we design high-power microwave devices.
C1 [Mohammad, S. Noor] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Lu, Changzhi; Zhang, Xiaoling; Xie, Xuesong; Feng, Shiwei] Beijing Univ Technol, Coll Elect Informat & Control Engn, Beijing 100022, Peoples R China.
[Diagne, Ibrahima] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Khan, Arif] Electrocom Corp, Potomac, MD 20859 USA.
[Mohammad, S. Noor] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Mohammad, SN (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM snmohammad2002@yahoo.com
NR 37
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 6
PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 1071-1023
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 26
IS 6
BP 1987
EP 1992
DI 10.1116/1.3002393
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA 379GV
UT WOS:000261385600030
ER
PT J
AU Mohammad, SN
AF Mohammad, S. Noor
TI Investigation of the oxide-assisted growth mechanism for nanowire growth
and a model for this mechanism
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B
LA English
DT Article
DE nanotechnology; nanowires; nucleation; semiconductor growth
ID LIQUID-SOLID MECHANISM; GALLIUM NITRIDE NANOWIRES; SILICON NANOWIRES;
SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRES; THERMAL EVAPORATION; MELTING TEMPERATURE; VAPOR
TRANSPORT; INAS NANOWIRES; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; NANOSTRUCTURES
AB Oxide-assisted growth (OAG) mechanism produces high-density nonowires (NWs). Salient features of the existing models for this OAG mechanism and the fundamentals underlying this mechanism have been investigated in some detail. A simple, novel, malleable model for the OAG mechanism has been developed, and the concept of droplet used to develop this model has been articulated. The concept takes into consideration the size-dependent melting temperature depression. Two important elements of the model are (1) the attraction between the vapor-phase NW species and the droplet species, which leads to landing of the NW species on the droplet surface, and (2) the diffusion of the NW species through the droplet species to the liquid/solid interface, which leads to supersaturation and nucleation. The present investigation, together with our model, indicates that the assistance of a suitable oxide, the formation of nanoclusters/seeds, and the creation of droplets are all central to the OAG mechanism, which is essentially self-catalytic in nature. Various chemical reactions taking place on the droplet surface and the temperature range for these reactions are also important. The formation of a core and sheath during nucleation are the inevitable results of the use of oxide. The role of the droplet surface tension and the electrostatic forces between the droplet and the reactive (source) NW vapor species are crucial for OAG. Possible participation of a foreign element catalytic agent (FECA) in the NW growth by OAG mechanism has been examined. Based on these investigations, the present model appears to explain many of the OAG-grown NW characteristics. The experimentally observed oxide sheath has been addressed. Also, the basic causes of higher growth rates of the NWs grown by the OAG and FECA-mediated OAG mechanisms have been explained.
C1 [Mohammad, S. Noor] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Mohammad, S. Noor] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Mohammad, SN (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM snmohammad2002@yahoo.com
FU DTRA through ARO [W911NF-06-1-0464]
FX Discussions with Albert V. Davydov, Arif Khan, William J. Boettinger
NAE, Abhishek Motayed, Charles R. Eddy, Jr., Boris Feygelson, and Kurt
Gaskill are acknowledged. Albert Davydov had kindly provided a thorough
critique of the text, and had been available for many discussions. The
author is grateful to the referees. Correspondence with Suzanne Mohney
was also helpful. The research was supported by DTRA Grant No.
W911NF-06-1-0464 through ARO and monitored by Dr. Stephen Lee. Much of
this work was carried out by the author while with Howard University,
Washington, DC.
NR 66
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U1 0
U2 10
PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 1071-1023
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 26
IS 6
BP 1993
EP 2007
DI 10.1116/1.3002486
PG 15
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA 379GV
UT WOS:000261385600031
ER
PT J
AU Pohlman, JW
Ruppel, C
Hutchinson, DR
Downer, R
Coffin, RB
AF Pohlman, J. W.
Ruppel, C.
Hutchinson, D. R.
Downer, R.
Coffin, R. B.
TI Assessing sulfate reduction and methane cycling in a high salinity pore
water system in the northern Gulf of Mexico
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Gas hydrate; Methane; Anaerobic methane oxidation; Sulfate; Brine; Gulf
of Mexico
ID LOUISIANA CONTINENTAL-SLOPE; ANAEROBIC OXIDATION; GAS HYDRATE;
HYDROCARBON SEEPS; MARINE SEDIMENT; SALT TECTONICS; COLD SEEPS; CARBON;
ESTUARY; MARGIN
AB Pore waters extracted from 18 piston cores obtained on and near a salt-cored bathymetric high in Keathley Canyon lease block 151 in the northern Gulf of Mexico contain elevated concentrations of chloride (up to 838 mM) and have pore waterchemical concentration profiles that exhibit extensive departures (concavity) from steady-state (linear) diffusive equilibrium with depth. Minimum delta C-13 dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) values of -55.9 parts per thousand to -64.87 parts per thousand at the sulfate-methane transition (SMT) strongly suggest active anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) throughout the study region. However, the nonlinear pore water chemistry-depth profiles make it impossible to determine the vertical extent of active AOM or the potential role of alternate sulfate reduction pathways. Here we utilize the conservative (non-reactive) nature of dissolved chloride to differentiate the effects of biogeochemical activity (e.g., AOM and/or organoclastic sulfate reduction) relative to physical mixing in high salinity Keathley Canyon sediments. In most cases, the DIC and sulfate concentrations in pore waters are consistent with a conservative mixing model that uses chloride concentrations at the seafloor and the SMT as endmembers. Conservative mixing of pore water constituents implies that an undetermined physical process is primarily responsible for the nonlinearity of the pore water-depth profiles. In limited cases where the sulfate and DIC concentrations deviated from conservative mixing between the seafloor and SMT, the delta C-13-DIC mixing diagrams suggest that the excess DIC is produced from a C-13-depleted source that could only be accounted for by microbial methane, the dominant form of methane identified during this study. We conclude that AOM is the most prevalent sink for sulfate and that it occurs primarily at the SMT at this Keathley Canyon site. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Pohlman, J. W.; Ruppel, C.; Hutchinson, D. R.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Downer, R.] Milbar Hydrotest, Shreveport, LA USA.
[Coffin, R. B.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Pohlman, JW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Sci Ctr, 384 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM jpohlman@usgs.gov
OI Ruppel, Carolyn/0000-0003-2284-6632
FU DOE's National Energy Technology Laboratory; Office of Naval Research;
Naval Research Laboratory; USGS Mendenhall Postdoctoral Research
Fellowship
FX We thank the captain and crew of the RIV Gyre and members of KC03
Scientific Party, particularly K. Grabowski, B. Yoza, D. Knies, R.
Kuraski, C. Dale, and D. Bean, for their effort in rapidly processing
the cores. Exceptional technical support by R. Plummer and logistical
support by A. Miller and T. Debattista are also appreciated. We thank L.
Lapharn for thoughtful discussions during the preparation of this
manuscript, and C. Paull, W. Waite, J. Crusius, and an anonymous
reviewer for valuable suggestions on the manuscript. This work was
supported by DOE's National Energy Technology Laboratory, the Office of
Naval Research, and the Naval Research Laboratory. J.W.P was supported
by a USGS Mendenhall Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program during
preparation of this manuscript.
NR 62
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U1 2
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 25
IS 9
BP 942
EP 951
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.016
PG 10
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 374FK
UT WOS:000261028400012
ER
PT J
AU Wood, WT
Hart, PE
Hutchinson, DR
Dutta, N
Snyder, F
Coffin, RB
Gettrust, JF
AF Wood, Warren T.
Hart, Patrick E.
Hutchinson, Deborah R.
Dutta, Nader
Snyder, Fred
Coffin, Richard B.
Gettrust, Joseph F.
TI Gas and gas hydrate distribution around seafloor seeps in Mississippi
Canyon, Northern Gulf of Mexico, using multi-resolution seismic imagery
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Methane hydrate; Seafloor seep
ID CONTINENTAL-SLOPE; SEDIMENTS
AB To determine the impact of seeps and focused flow on the occurrence of shallow gas hydrates, several seafloor mounds in the Atwater Valley lease area of the Gulf of Mexico were surveyed with a wide range of seismic frequencies. Seismic data were acquired with a deep-towed, Helmholz resonator source (220-820 Hz); a high-resolution, Generator-injector air-gun (30-300 Hz); and an industrial air-gun array (10-130 Hz). Each showed a significantly different response in this weakly reflective, highly faulted area. Seismic modeling and observations of reversed-polarity reflections and small scale diffractions are consistent with a model of methane transport dominated regionally by diffusion but punctuated by intense upward advection responsible for the bathymetric mounds, as well as likely advection along pervasive filamentous fractures away from the mounds. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Wood, Warren T.; Gettrust, Joseph F.] USN, Res Lab, Bay St Louis, MS 39529 USA.
[Hart, Patrick E.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Hutchinson, Deborah R.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Dutta, Nader; Snyder, Fred] Data & Consulting Serv, Schlumberger Reservoir Serv, Houston, TX 77042 USA.
[Coffin, Richard B.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Wood, WT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7432,Stennis Space Ctr, Bay St Louis, MS 39529 USA.
EM warren.wood@nrlssc.navy.mil
FU ONR program [61153N]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-A126-97FT3423]
FX The authors wish to thank B. Dugan, J. Childs, G. Barth, and one
anonymous reviewer for excellent comments that significantly improved
the manuscript. This work was funded through ONR program element 61153N,
and U.S. Department of Energy Grant DE-A126-97FT3423.
NR 28
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U1 2
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 25
IS 9
BP 952
EP 959
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.015
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 374FK
UT WOS:000261028400013
ER
PT J
AU Ellis, M
Evans, RL
Hutchinson, D
Hart, P
Gardner, J
Hagen, R
AF Ellis, M.
Evans, R. L.
Hutchinson, D.
Hart, P.
Gardner, J.
Hagen, R.
TI Electromagnetic surveying of seafloor mounds in the northern Gulf of
Mexico
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Electromagnetics; Gas hydrate; Resistivity; Gulf of Mexico; Ocean
drilling
ID SHALLOW POROSITY STRUCTURE; GAS HYDRATE; CONTINENTAL-SLOPE; HYDROCARBON
SEEPS; METHANE HYDRATE; SEDIMENTS; COMMUNITIES; DEPOSITS; MODELS; MARGIN
AB Seafloor controlled source electromagnetic data, probing the uppermost 30 m of seafloor sediments, have been collected with a towed magnetic dipole-dipole system across two seafloor mounds at approximately 1300 m water depth in the northern Gulf of Mexico. One of these mounds was the focus of a recent gas hydrate research drilling program. Rather than the highly resistive response expected of massive gas hydrate within the confines of the mounds, the EM data are dominated by the effects of raised temperatures and pore fluid salinities that result in an electrically conductive seafloor. This structure suggests that fluid advection towards the seafloor is taking place beneath both mounds. Similar responses are seen at discrete locations away from the mounds in areas that might be associated with faults, further suggesting substantial shallow fluid circulation. Raised temperatures and salinities may inhibit gas hydrate formation at depth as has been suggested at other similar locations in the Gulf of Mexico. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Evans, R. L.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Geol & Geophys, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Ellis, M.] Natl Oceanog Ctr, Southampton, Hants, England.
[Hutchinson, D.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Hart, P.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Gardner, J.; Hagen, R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Evans, RL (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Geol & Geophys, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM mhe1@noc.soton.ac.uk; revans@whoi.edu; dhutchinson@usgs.gov;
hart@usgs.gov; joan.gardner@nrl.navy.mil; rhagen@qur.nrl.navy.mil
RI evans, rob/C-6887-2011
OI Evans, Robert/0000-0001-5585-0684;
NR 49
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U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 25
IS 9
BP 960
EP 968
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2007.12.006
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 374FK
UT WOS:000261028400014
ER
PT J
AU Hart, PE
Hutchinson, DR
Gardner, J
Carney, RS
Fornari, D
AF Hart, Patrick E.
Hutchinson, Deborah R.
Gardner, Joan
Carney, Robert S.
Fornari, Dan
TI A photographic and acoustic transect across two deep-water seafloor
mounds, Mississippi Canyon, northern Gulf of Mexico
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Gas hydrate; Seafloor mounds; Side-scan sonar; Multibeam bathymetry;
Near-bottom photography; Chemosynthetic communities
ID CONTINENTAL-SLOPE; GAS-HYDRATE; CHEMOSYNTHETIC COMMUNITIES; HYDROCARBON
SEEPS; BRINES
AB In the northern Gulf of Mexico, a series of seafloor mounds lie along the floor of the Mississippi Canyon in Atwater Valley lease blocks 13 and 14. The mounds, one of which was drilled by the Chevron joint Industry Project on Methane Hydrates in 2005, are interpreted to be vent-related features that may contain significant accumulations of gas hydrate adjacent to gas and fluid migration pathways. The mounds are located similar to 150 km south of Louisiana at similar to 1300 m water depth.. New side-scan sonar data, multibeam bathymetry, and near-bottom photography along a 4 km northwest-southeast transect crossing two of the mounds (labeled D and F) reveal the mounds' detailed morphology and surficial characteristics. Mound D, similar to 250 m in diameter and 7-10 m in height, has exposures of authigenic carbonates and appears to result from a seafloor vent of slow-to-moderate flux. Mound F, which is similar to 400 m in diameter and 10-15 m high, is covered on its southwest flank by extruded mud flows, a characteristic associated with moderate-to-rapid flux. Chemosynthetic communities visible on the bottom photographs are restricted to bacterial mats on both mounds and mussels at Mound D. No indications of surficial gas hydrates are evident on the bottom photographs. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Hart, Patrick E.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Hutchinson, Deborah R.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Gardner, Joan] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Carney, Robert S.] Louisiana State Univ, Coastal Ecol Inst, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Fornari, Dan] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Hart, PE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,Mail Stop 999, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM hart@usgs.gov
FU Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Lab
FX Partial support for the research cruises that collected the data for
this study was provided by the Department of Energy, National Energy
Technology Lab. We would like to thank the captain and crew of the RIV
Pelican and the support personnel of the LUMCON Marine Facility for
their hard work and exceptional support of the scientific operations
during the two research cruises that provided the acoustic and
photographic data used for this study. We thank J. Evans and M. Fowler
for preliminary estimates of layback and photo analysis, and M. Swartz
for shipboard help with the deep-towed camera system. This paper
benefited greatly from suggestions by C. Ruppel. We also thank T.
Lorenson and G. Barth for helpful reviews of this paper.
NR 32
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 25
IS 9
BP 969
EP 976
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.020
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 374FK
UT WOS:000261028400015
ER
PT J
AU Coffin, R
Hamdan, L
Plummer, R
Smith, J
Gardner, J
Hagen, R
Wood, W
AF Coffin, Richard
Hamdan, Leila
Plummer, Rebecca
Smith, Joseph
Gardner, Joan
Hagen, Rick
Wood, Warren
TI Analysis of methane and sulfate flux in methane-charged sediments from
the Mississippi Canyon, Gulf of Mexico
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Sediment; Methane hydrate; Sulfate; Chloride; Diffusion
ID CONTINENTAL-MARGIN SEDIMENTS; GAS HYDRATE ACCUMULATIONS;
MARINE-SEDIMENTS; ANAEROBIC OXIDATION; PORE-WATER; ORGANIC-MATTER;
DEEP-WATER; HEAT-FLOW; REDUCTION; RIDGE
AB Sediment porewater geochemical data (SO4-2, CH4, DIC, delta C-13-DIC and Cl-) were obtained from piston cores collected in Atwater Valley, Gulf of Mexico, prior to 2005 drilling to study gas hydrates in the region. The geochemical data were used for a study of shallow sediment CH4 cycling on a seafloor mound (mound F) where an apparent upward deflection of the bottom simulating reflector (BSR) suggested vertical fluid advection. Fifteen sediment cores, ranging from 300 to 800 cm long, were collected from locations on top of the mound and across a transect up to 3.5 km off the mound. The sulfate-methane transition (SMT) was determined in each core from porewater SO4-2 and CH4 concentration profiles and occurred at depths ranging from 0 to 410 cm below the seafloor (cmbsf). The shape of porewater SO2 profiles plotted against depth also varied from linear to non-linear along the transect. Diffusion rates estimated from linear SO4-2 concentration gradients ranged from -20.4 to -249.1 mmol m(-2) a(-1) with the greatest rate measured in sediments on the mound. The large variation in SMT depth and SO2 profiles along the transect indicates lateral differences in total vertical CH4 flux between locations. Results suggest steady-state and non-steady-state CH4 fluxes both on the mound and transitioning off the mound and likely differences in the relative contribution of fluid advection to local shallow sediment CH4 cycling. Cores collected from on the mound had high porewater headspace CH4 concentrations (up to 8.34 mM) coupled with elevated Cl- concentrations (up to 956.5 mM) at shallow depths suggesting that salt diapirism in deep sediments may be inhibiting hydrate stability and increasing vertical CH4 flux. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Coffin, Richard; Hamdan, Leila; Smith, Joseph] USN, Res Lab, Marine Biogeochem Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Plummer, Rebecca] NRL, SAIC, Washington, DC USA.
[Wood, Warren] NRL, Stennis, MS USA.
RP Coffin, R (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Biogeochem Sect, Code 6114,4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM richard.coffin@nrl.navy.mil; leila.hamdan@nrl.navy.mil;
rebecca.plummer@nrl.navy.mil; joseph.smith@nrl.navy.mil;
gardner@qur.nrl.navy.mil; rhagen@qur.nrl.navy.mil;
warren.wood@nrlssc.navy.mil
RI Hamdan, Leila/A-4535-2009
OI Hamdan, Leila/0000-0001-7331-0729
FU DoE/NETL; ONR; NRL
FX J. Pohlman, then at NRL and VIMS, was responsible for the ship board
laboratory operation that provided field porewater data. R. Downer was
leader for all coring operations. We appreciate the support by the crew
of the RIV Gyre. This research was supported by DoE/NETL, ONR and NRL.
NR 68
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 25
IS 9
BP 977
EP 987
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.014
PG 11
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 374FK
UT WOS:000261028400016
ER
PT J
AU Marzocca, P
Nichols, JM
Milanese, A
Seaver, M
Trickey, ST
AF Marzocca, P.
Nichols, J. M.
Milanese, A.
Seaver, M.
Trickey, S. T.
TI Second-order spectra for quadratic nonlinear systems by Volterra
functional series: Analytical description and numerical simulation
SO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE auto- and cross-bispectrum; high-order frequency response functions;
Volterra functional series; random Gaussian noise
ID HIGHER-ORDER SPECTRA; BISPECTRAL ANALYSIS
AB Higher-order spectral analysis techniques are often used to identify nonlinearities in complex dynamical systems. More specifically, the auto- and cross-bispectrum have proven to be useful tools in testing for the presence of quadratic nonlinearities based on knowledge of a system's input and output. In this paper, analytical expressions for the auto- and cross-bispectrum are developed using a Volterra functional approach under the assumption of a zero-mean, stationary Gaussian input; proper simplifications are presented when the whiteness of the input signal is also imposed. These formulae show the contributions of the bispectrum in terms of the system frequency response function and elementary physical properties of the system. Simulations based on a stochastic numerical integration technique accompany the analytical solutions for a mechanical mass-spring-damper system possessing quadratic damping and stiffness coefficients and subjected to Gaussian white noise excitation. Subsequent estimates of the bispectrum based on the simulated signals show excellent agreement with theory. These results show how modes may interact nonlinearly producing intermodulation components at the sum and/or difference frequency of the fundamental modes of oscillation. The presence and extent of nonlinear interactions between frequency components are identified. Advantages of using higher-order spectra techniques will be revealed and pertinent conclusions will be outlined. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Marzocca, P.; Milanese, A.] Clarkson Univ, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA.
[Nichols, J. M.; Seaver, M.; Trickey, S. T.] USN, Res Lab, Fiber Opt Smart Struct Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Marzocca, P (reprint author), Clarkson Univ, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, 8 Clarkson Ave, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA.
EM pmarzocc@clarkson.edu
FU ASEE/ONR Summer Fellowship program
FX The first author wishes to thank ASEE/ONR Summer Fellowship program for
the financial support provided during the summer '06.
NR 26
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PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0888-3270
J9 MECH SYST SIGNAL PR
JI Mech. Syst. Signal Proc.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 22
IS 8
BP 1882
EP 1895
DI 10.1016/j.ymssp.2008.02.002
PG 14
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 338IW
UT WOS:000258501900009
ER
PT J
AU Le Pichon, A
Antier, K
Cansi, Y
Hernandez, B
Minaya, E
Burgoa, B
Drob, D
Evers, LG
Vaubaillon, J
AF Le Pichon, A.
Antier, K.
Cansi, Y.
Hernandez, B.
Minaya, E.
Burgoa, B.
Drob, D.
Evers, L. G.
Vaubaillon, J.
TI Evidence for a meteoritic origin of the September 15, 2007, Carancas
crater
SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID INFRASONIC WAVES; FRAGMENTATION RECORD; PEEKSKILL METEORITE; ATMOSPHERIC
PATH; FALL; PROPAGATION; MODEL; ORBIT; NEUSCHWANSTEIN; IMPACTS
AB On September 15th, 2007, around 11:45 local time in Peru, near the Bolivian border, the atmospheric entry of a meteoroid produced bright lights in the sky and intense detonations. Soon after, a crater was discovered south of Lake Titicaca. These events have been detected by the Bolivian seismic network and two infrasound arrays operating for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization, Situated at about 80 and 1620 km from the crater. The localization and origin time computed with the seismic records are consistent with the reported impact. The entry elevation and azimuthal angles of the trajectory are estimated from the observed signal time sequences and back-azimuths. From the crater diameter and the airwave amplitudes, the kinetic energy, mass and explosive energy are calculated. Using the estimated velocity of the meteoroid and similarity criteria between orbital elements, an association with possible parent asteroids is attempted. The favorable setting of this event provides a unique opportunity to evaluate physical and kinematic parameters of the object that generated the first actual terrestrial meteorite impact seismically recorded.
C1 [Le Pichon, A.; Antier, K.; Cansi, Y.; Hernandez, B.] CEA, Ctr DAM Ile France, Dept Anal Surveillance Environm, F-91297 Bruyeres Le Chatel, Arpajon, France.
[Minaya, E.; Burgoa, B.] Observ San Calixto, La Paz 12656, Bolivia.
[Drob, D.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Evers, L. G.] Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst, Seismol Div, NL-3730 AE De Bilt, Netherlands.
[Vaubaillon, J.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Le Pichon, A (reprint author), CEA, Ctr DAM Ile France, Dept Anal Surveillance Environm, F-91297 Bruyeres Le Chatel, Arpajon, France.
EM alexis.le-pichon@cea.fr
RI Hernandez, Bruno/E-1742-2011; Evers, Laslo/E-5707-2011; Drob,
Douglas/G-4061-2014
OI Hernandez, Bruno/0000-0002-9028-2771; Evers, Laslo/0000-0003-2825-6211;
Drob, Douglas/0000-0002-2045-7740
NR 48
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U1 0
U2 3
PU METEORITICAL SOC
PI FAYETTEVILLE
PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA
SN 1086-9379
J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI
JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 43
IS 11
BP 1797
EP 1809
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 409MV
UT WOS:000263510700004
ER
PT J
AU Vickery, JP
Tribble, DR
Putnam, SD
McGraw, T
Sanders, JW
Armstrong, AW
Riddle, MS
AF Vickery, John P.
Tribble, David R.
Putnam, Shannon D.
McGraw, Timothy
Sanders, John W.
Armstrong, Adam W.
Riddle, Mark S.
TI Factors Associated with the Use of Protective Measures against
Vector-Borne Diseases among Troops Deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID PERMETHRIN-IMPREGNATED UNIFORMS; PHLEBOTOMINE SAND FLIES; LEISHMANIASIS;
MILITARY; INFECTIONS; PREVENTION; OPERATIONS; SOLDIERS; EFFICACY; IMPACT
AB Background and Methods: Vector-borne diseases are known threats to deployed troops. We performed a cross-sectional study of troops deployed to Southwest Asia between January 2005 and February 2007 to evaluate practices of personal protective measures and their relationship to self-report of Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), a marker of vector-borne disease threat. Results: Regular or always N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) use was low (2-5%). Associations for DEET use were command emphasis, branch of service, uniform treatment with permethrin, and duty station. Uniform treatment with permethrin was associated with branch of service, command emphasis, and use of DEET. We identified 22 cases of CL (incidence density of 1.8-3.7 per 100 person-years) with increased risk among Reserve/National Guard components, Air Force and Marine personnel. Conclusions: Commanders can influence the use of the military insect repellent system. Unit-based treatment of uniforms improves prevalence. CL incidence may be higher than previously reported.
C1 [Vickery, John P.; Tribble, David R.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20824 USA.
[Putnam, Shannon D.] US Naval Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia.
[McGraw, Timothy] Pentagon Flight Med Clin, Washington, DC USA.
[Sanders, John W.] Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru.
[Armstrong, Adam W.] US Naval Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt.
[Riddle, Mark S.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Vickery, JP (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd,Room A1040A, Bethesda, MD 20824 USA.
EM jvickery@usuhs.mil
RI Riddle, Mark/A-8029-2011
FU Military Infectious Disease Research Program; DoD-GEIS
FX We thank the following individuals for their assistance with statistical
modeling and data management: Cara H. Olsen, MS DrPH, Ann I. Scher, PhD,
Hanan Raafat, Yasmine Farid, Mohamed Fakhry, Noha Effat, Manal Moustafa,
and Jamie Bland.; This study was conducted under the support of the
Military Infectious Disease Research Program and DoD-GEIS funding.
NR 17
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 11
BP 1060
EP 1067
PG 8
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 372UT
UT WOS:000260928200003
PM 19055179
ER
PT J
AU Simecek, JW
AF Simecek, John W.
TI Estimation of Nonpreventable Dental Emergencies in US Marine Corps
Personnel
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID READINESS; BOSNIA
AB Previous studies of military personnel have reported that 26% to 75% of dental emergencies cannot be prevented. The aims of this study were (1) to estimate the percentage of dental emergencies for which causative conditions were not indicated for urgent treatment on the previous annual dental examination (nonpreventable dental emergency) and (2) to estimate the rate of dental emergencies that can be expected if all urgent treatment is completed. This retrospective cohort study of Marine Corps recruits revealed that 58.4% to 70.3% of conditions resulting in dental emergencies were nonpreventable. Therefore, the estimated range of dental emergencies that can be expected if all urgent treatment indicated on the previous dental examination is completed is 77 to 92 dental emergencies per 1,000 personnel per year. The rate of nonpreventable dental emergencies should be considered when staffing for level I care.
C1 USN, Inst Dent & Biomed Res, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA.
RP Simecek, JW (reprint author), USN, Inst Dent & Biomed Res, 310 A B St, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA.
EM john.simecek@med.navy.mil
FU Bureau of Medicine and Surgery (Washington, DC)
FX Funding was provided by the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery (Washington,
DC).
NR 12
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 11
BP 1104
EP 1107
PG 4
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 372UT
UT WOS:000260928200010
PM 19055186
ER
PT J
AU Hill, JM
AF Hill, John M.
TI How Tradition Works: A Meme-Based Cultural Poetics of the Anglo-Saxon
Tenth Century
SO MODERN PHILOLOGY
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Hill, John M.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Hill, JM (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0026-8232
J9 MOD PHILOLOGY
JI Mod. Philol.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 106
IS 2
BP 200
EP 204
PG 6
WC Language & Linguistics; Literature
SC Linguistics; Literature
GA 424XC
UT WOS:000264600600007
ER
PT J
AU Reynolds, CA
Teixeira, J
Mclay, JG
AF Reynolds, Carolyn A.
Teixeira, Joao
McLay, Justin G.
TI Impact of Stochastic Convection on the Ensemble Transform
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID PREDICTION SYSTEM; MODEL; PERTURBATIONS; SCHEME; ERROR;
PARAMETERIZATIONS; SIMULATION; GENERATION; NCEP
AB The impact of stochastic convection on ensembles produced using the ensemble transform ( ET) initial perturbation scheme is examined. This note compares the behavior of ensemble forecasts based only on initial ET perturbations with the behavior of ensemble forecasts based on the ET initial perturbations and forecasts that include stochastic convection. It is illustrated that despite the fact that stochastic convection occurs only after the forecast integrations have started, it induces changes in the initial perturbations as well. This is because the ET is a "cycling" scheme, in which previous short-term forecasts are used to produce the initial perturbations for the current forecast. The stochastic convection scheme induces rapid perturbation growth in regions where convection is active, primarily in the tropics. When combined with the ET scheme, this results in larger initial perturbation variance in the tropics, and, because of a global constraint on total initial perturbation variance, smaller initial perturbation variance in the extratropics. Thus, the inclusion of stochastic convection helps to mitigate a problem found in the practical implementation of the ET, namely, that of too little initial variance in the tropics and too much in the extratropics. Various skill scores show that stochastic convection improves ensemble performance in the tropics, with little impact to modest improvement in the extratropics. Experiments performed using the initial perturbations from the control ensemble run but forecast integrations using the stochastic convection scheme indicate that the improved performance of the stochastic convection ensemble at early forecast times is due to both "indirect" changes in the initial perturbations and "direct" changes in the forecast. At later forecast times, it appears that most of the improvement can be gained through stochastic convection alone.
C1 [Reynolds, Carolyn A.; McLay, Justin G.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Teixeira, Joao] NATO Undersea Res Ctr, La Spezia, Italy.
RP Reynolds, CA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM carolyn.reynolds@nrlmry.navy.mil
OI Reynolds, Carolyn/0000-0003-4690-4171
FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [0602435N, 0601153N]
FX C. Reynolds and J. McLay gratefully acknowledge the support of the
sponsor, the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through Program Element
0602435N and 0601153N. The DoD High Performance Computing Program at
NAVO MSRC provided part of the computing resources. C. Reynolds and J.
Teixeira acknowledge the support of a NOAA cooperative agreement for
THORPEX. We thank the two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments
and suggestions.
NR 29
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U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 136
IS 11
BP 4517
EP 4526
DI 10.1175/2008MWR2453.1
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 371VX
UT WOS:000260861900029
ER
PT J
AU McInturf, SM
Bekkedal, MYN
Wilfong, E
Arfsten, D
Gunasekar, PG
Chapman, GD
AF McInturf, Shawn M.
Bekkedal, Marni Y-N.
Wilfong, Erin
Arfsten, Darryl
Gunasekar, Palur G.
Chapman, Gail D.
TI Neurobehavioral effects of sodium tungstate exposure on rats and their
progeny
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Neurodevelopmental toxicology; Learning and memory; Emotionality
ID PLASMA EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY; CHILDHOOD LEUKEMIA; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM;
ACOUSTIC STARTLE; DIABETIC-RATS; BEHAVIOR; NEVADA; MICE; DOG
AB The use of tungsten as a replacement for lead and depleted uranium in munitions began in the mid 1990's. Recent reports demonstrate tungsten solubilizes in soil and can migrate into drinking water supplies and therefore is a potential health risk to humans. This study evaluated the reproductive and neurobehavioral effects of sodium tungstate in Sprague-Dawley rats following 70 days of daily pre- and postnatal exposure. Adult male and female rats were orally dosed with diH(2)O vehicle, 5 or 125 mg/kg/day of sodium tungstate through mating, gestation, and weaning (PND 0-20). Daily administration of sodium tungstate produced no overt evidence of toxicity and had no apparent effect on mating success or offspring physical development. Distress vocalizations were elevated in the highest dose group. There was no treatment related effect on righting reflex latencies, however, the males had significantly shorter latencies than the females. Locomotor activity was affected in both the low and high dose groups of F0 females. Those in the low dose group showed increased distance traveled, more time in ambulatory movements, and less time in stereotypic behavior than controls or high dose animals. The high dose group had more time in stereotypical movements than controls, and less time resting than controls and the lowest exposure group. Maternal retrieval was not affected by sodium tungstate exposure and there were no apparent effects of treatment on F1 acoustic startle response or water maze navigation. Overall, the results of this study suggest pre- and postnatal oral exposure to sodium tungstate may produce subtle neurobehavioral effects in offspring related to motor activity and emotionality. These findings warrant further investigation to characterize the neurotoxicity of sodium tungstate on dams and their developing pups. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [McInturf, Shawn M.; Gunasekar, Palur G.; Chapman, Gail D.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment, Environm Hlth Effects Lab NHRC EHEL, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Bekkedal, Marni Y-N.] Two Steps Forward LLC, Sun Prairie, WI 53590 USA.
[Wilfong, Erin] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Arfsten, Darryl] USN, Drug Screening Lab, Naval Air Stn, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA.
RP Chapman, GD (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment, Environm Hlth Effects Lab NHRC EHEL, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM gail.chapman@wpafb.af.mil
FU Defense Health Programs (DHP) reimbursable Work Unit [60768]
FX This work was supported by Defense Health Programs (DHP) reimbursable
Work Unit # 60768. The animals used in this study were handled in
accordance with the principles stated in the Guide for the Care and Use
of Laboratory Animals, National Research Council, 1996, and the Animal
Welfare Act of 1996, as amended. The authors gratefully acknowledge
support from vivarium, WPAFB for animal facility. Any opinions,
findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material
are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the
Defense Health Program.
NR 41
TC 10
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U1 2
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0892-0362
J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL
JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 30
IS 6
BP 455
EP 461
DI 10.1016/j.ntt.2008.07.003
PG 7
WC Neurosciences; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology
GA 368TX
UT WOS:000260646500001
PM 18675901
ER
PT J
AU Harris, DC
Baronowski, M
Henneman, L
LaCroix, L
Wilson, C
Kurzius, S
Burns, B
Kitagawa, K
Gembarovic, J
Goodrich, SM
Staats, C
Mecholsky, JJ
AF Harris, Daniel C.
Baronowski, Meghan
Henneman, Ladd
LaCroix, Len
Wilson, Clyde
Kurzius, Shelby
Burns, Bob
Kitagawa, Keith
Gembarovic, Jozef
Goodrich, Steven M.
Staats, Christian
Mecholsky, John J., Jr.
TI Thermal, structural, and optical properties of Cleartran (R)
multispectral zinc sulfide
SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE optical materials; windows; optical properties; materials; infrared
ID ABSORPTION-COEFFICIENT; TRANSMITTING MATERIALS; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS;
ROOM-TEMPERATURE; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; EXPANSION; ZNS; WAVELENGTH
AB Thermal, mechanical, and optical properties of Cleartran(R) multispectral zinc sulfide were measured. Heat capacity, thermal conductivity, and thermal expansion were measured over the temperature range 213 to 643 K. Young's modulus and shear modulus were measured at 289 to 473 K. The characteristic four-point flexure strength for a 1-cm(2) area was 75.4 +/- 0.5 MPa at 289 K and 89.5 +/- 0.4 MPa at 473 K, with Weibull moduli of 11.0 +/- 0.7 and 19.3 +/- 1.5, respectively. All 24 specimens tested at 289 K conformed to the Weibull curve. However, 2 of 23 specimens tested at 473 K had low, outlying strengths. The fracture origins of the outliers were surface flaws that were not detected by microscopic examination prior to mechanical testing. The only reliable means that we are aware of to identify weak material is a mechanical proof test. Infrared transmittance and reflectance at 297, 373, and 473 K were measured with an integrating sphere. The transmittance of s- and p-polarized infrared light was measured at angles of incidence of 0 to 60 deg. By fitting the transmittance with the Fresnel equations, the absorption coefficient was computed for wavelengths of 8 to 14 mu m. Bidirectional transmittance and reflectance distribution functions (optical scatter) were measured at 3.39 and 10.6 mu m. (C) 2008 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [DOI: 10.1117/1.3006123]
C1 [Harris, Daniel C.; Baronowski, Meghan] USN, Air Syst Command, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
[Henneman, Ladd; LaCroix, Len; Wilson, Clyde; Kurzius, Shelby] Lockheed Martin Space Syst Co, Sunnyvale, CA 94089 USA.
[Burns, Bob] Vicus Technol, Kennebunk, ME 04043 USA.
[Kitagawa, Keith] Pacific Opt Div Recon Opt, Riverside, CA 92507 USA.
[Gembarovic, Jozef] TPRL Inc, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA.
[Goodrich, Steven M.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Staats, Christian] Schmitt Ind, Portland, OR 97210 USA.
[Mecholsky, John J., Jr.] Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Harris, DC (reprint author), USN, Air Syst Command, 1900 N Knox Rd,Stop 6303, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
EM Daniel.Harris@navy.mil
RI Gembarovic, Jozef/A-2777-2009
NR 46
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 15
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 0091-3286
J9 OPT ENG
JI Opt. Eng.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 11
AR 114001
DI 10.1117/1.3006123
PG 15
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 377RH
UT WOS:000261267800008
ER
PT J
AU Murrell, GL
Haegen, T
Beverly, D
AF Murrell, George L.
Haegen, Timothy
Beverly, David
TI Facial hydraulic fluid injection injury
SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Murrell, George L.; Haegen, Timothy; Beverly, David] Naval Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Camp Pendleton, CA USA.
[Beverly, David] Naval Hosp, Dept Ophthalmol, Camp Pendleton, CA USA.
[Murrell, George L.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Murrell, George L.] George Washington Univ, Sch Hlth Sci, Washington, DC USA.
RP Murrell, GL (reprint author), 306 Hestia Way, Encinitas, CA 92024 USA.
EM glmurrell@cpen.med.navy.mil
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0194-5998
J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK
JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 139
IS 5
BP 729
EP 730
DI 10.1016/j.otohns.2008.07.025
PG 2
WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery
SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery
GA 369UR
UT WOS:000260719900023
PM 18984273
ER
PT J
AU Felker, CC
AF Felker, Craig C.
TI Power at Sea
SO PACIFIC HISTORICAL REVIEW
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Felker, Craig C.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD USA.
RP Felker, CC (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS
PI BERKELEY
PA C/O JOURNALS DIVISION, 2000 CENTER ST, STE 303, BERKELEY, CA 94704-1223
USA
SN 0030-8684
J9 PAC HIST REV
JI Pac. Hist. Rev.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 77
IS 4
BP 698
EP 701
DI 10.1525/phr.2008.77.4.698
PG 5
WC History
SC History
GA 369AF
UT WOS:000260664200033
ER
PT J
AU Bukowinski, AT
Ryan, MAK
Slymen, DJ
Sevick, CJ
Alcaraz, JE
Smith, TC
AF Bukowinski, Anna T.
Ryan, Margaret A. K.
Slymen, Donald J.
Sevick, Carter J.
Alcaraz, John E.
Smith, Tyler C.
TI Haemangiomas and associated congenital malformations in a large
population-based sample of infants
SO PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE haemangioma; genital anomalies; CNS defects; congenital malformations;
maternal age; preterm delivery
ID RIGHT AORTIC-ARCH; SUPRAUMBILICAL MIDABDOMINAL RAPHE; CLINICAL
CHARACTERISTICS; CEREBELLAR HYPOPLASIA; CUTANEOUS HEMANGIOMAS; FOSSA
MALFORMATIONS; ARTERIAL ANOMALIES; FACIAL HEMANGIOMA; EYE ABNORMALITIES;
NATURAL-HISTORY
AB Haemangiomas are common, benign, vascular tumours, observed in 4-12% of infants during the first year of life. Most cases progress without complication, yet a small proportion experience life-threatening complications. Concomitant congenital malformations have been reported in a small but significant proportion of haemangioma patients. This study aimed to describe haemangioma cases and to identify patterns of congenital malformations associated with these diagnoses in a large population. Diagnoses of haemangiomas and 21 congenital malformations were extracted from electronic medical records of 467 295 singleton infants born to US military families from 1998 to 2003. Cluster analysis was used to group cases according to these diagnoses. Multivariable logistic regression was used to further explore the associations of the 21 congenital malformations with the diagnosis of haemangioma and to assess the adjusted relationships between a number of characteristics of interest and diagnosis of haemangioma.
Clusters found to be associated with haemangioma were characterised by anomalies of the cervix, vagina, and external female genitalia, anophthalmia or microphthalmia, hydrocephalus without spina bifida, and reduction deformities of the brain. Logistic regression identified three congenital malformations significantly associated with haemangioma diagnosis: spina bifida without anencephalus, hydrocephalus without spina bifida, and anomalies of the cervix, vagina and external female genitalia. Characteristics significantly associated with haemangioma included female gender, preterm birth, white non-Hispanic race/ethnicity and increasing maternal age. This exploratory study identified a number of important associations between haemangiomas and congenital malformations that may provide insight into the pathogenesis of these disorders and have possible implications for clinical care.
C1 [Bukowinski, Anna T.; Ryan, Margaret A. K.; Sevick, Carter J.; Smith, Tyler C.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, DoD Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
[Slymen, Donald J.; Alcaraz, John E.] San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
RP Bukowinski, AT (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, DoD Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
EM anna.bukowinski@med.navy.mil
RI Bukowinski, Anna/A-7273-2010
FU DoD [60504]
FX This represents Naval Health Research Center report 07-37, supported by
the DoD, under work unit no. 60504. The views expressed in this article
are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or
position of the Department of the Navy, Department of the Army,
Department of the Air Force, DoD, Department of Veterans Affairs, the US
Government or San Diego State University. This research has been
conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations
governing the protection of human subjects in research (Protocol NHRC.
2001.0010).
NR 47
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U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0269-5022
J9 PAEDIATR PERINAT EP
JI Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 22
IS 6
BP 520
EP 529
DI 10.1111/j.1365-3016.2008.00957.x
PG 10
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology;
Pediatrics
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology;
Pediatrics
GA 357AH
UT WOS:000259818200004
PM 19000289
ER
PT J
AU Oleynik, II
Landerville, AC
Zybin, SV
Elert, ML
White, CT
AF Oleynik, Ivan I.
Landerville, Aaron C.
Zybin, Sergey V.
Elert, Mark L.
White, Carter T.
TI Shear stresses in shock-compressed diamond from density functional
theory
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; MEGABAR STRESSES;
INSTABILITIES; HYDROCARBONS; ELASTICITY
AB We report density functional theory (DFT) results for the shear stresses of uniaxially compressed diamond under conditions corresponding to strong shock wave compression. A nonmonotonic dependence of shear stresses on uniaxial strain was discovered in all three low-index crystallographic directions: < 100 >, < 110 >, and < 111 >. For < 100 > compression the shear stress even becomes negative in the region near the minimum of the shear stress-strain curve. The DFT results suggest that anomalous elastic regime observed in recent molecular dynamics shock simulations is a real phenomenon caused by a significant delay or even freezing of the plastic response.
C1 [Oleynik, Ivan I.; Landerville, Aaron C.] Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[Zybin, Sergey V.] CALTECH, Beckman Inst, Mat & Proc Simulat Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Elert, Mark L.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[White, Carter T.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Oleynik, II (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
RI Oleynik, Ivan/R-5004-2016
OI Oleynik, Ivan/0000-0002-5348-6484
FU U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR); Naval Research Laboratory (NRL);
NSF Teragrid [TG-DMR070018N]
FX This work was supported by the U. S. Office of Naval Research (ONR) both
directly and through the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). The
computations were performed using NSF Teragrid computational facilities
(Grant No. TG-DMR070018N).
NR 25
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 18
AR 180101
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.180101
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 376WX
UT WOS:000261214800001
ER
PT J
AU Hartley, DJ
Seyfried, EP
Reviol, W
Sarantites, DG
Chiara, CJ
Pechenaya, OL
Hauschild, K
Lopez-Martens, A
Carpenter, MP
Janssens, RVF
Seweryniak, D
Zhu, S
AF Hartley, D. J.
Seyfried, E. P.
Reviol, W.
Sarantites, D. G.
Chiara, C. J.
Pechenaya, O. L.
Hauschild, K.
Lopez-Martens, A.
Carpenter, M. P.
Janssens, R. V. F.
Seweryniak, D.
Zhu, S.
TI Possible shears bands in (204)At and (206)Fr, and identification of
excited states in (205,207)Fr
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-SPIN STATES; NUCLEAR-DATA SHEETS; SYSTEMATIC BEHAVIOR;
SPECTROSCOPY; MECHANISM; ISOTOPES
AB Neutron-deficient astatine and francium nuclei were produced in the reaction (30)Si+(181)Ta ->(211)Fr(*) at 152 MeV. The evaporation residues from this very fissile system were selected with the HERCULES-II detector system and residue-gated gamma rays were measured with Gammasphere. Excited states were observed for the first time in (205,207)Fr, as well as sequences of low-energy transitions between high-spin states in (204)At and (206)Fr. These latter structures have properties similar to those associated with magnetic rotation (shears bands) in lead nuclei. Comparisons with established shears bands are presented and prospects for the magnetic-rotation phenomenon near the predicted N=120 "magic" number are explored.
C1 [Hartley, D. J.; Seyfried, E. P.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Reviol, W.; Sarantites, D. G.; Chiara, C. J.; Pechenaya, O. L.] Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Hauschild, K.; Lopez-Martens, A.] CNRS, IN2P3, CSNSM, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Carpenter, M. P.; Janssens, R. V. F.; Seweryniak, D.; Zhu, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Hartley, DJ (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RI Hauschild, Karl/A-6726-2009; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015
OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734
FU National Science Foundation [PHY- 0554762]; US Department of Energy,
Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-FG02-88ER-40406, DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Special thanks to D. C. Radford and H. Q. Jin for their software
support. The authors thank J. Elson (WU) and J. Rohrer (ANL) for
technical support, J. P. Greene (ANL) for the preparation of the target,
and F. G. Kondev for useful discussions. This work is funded by the
National Science Foundation under grant no. PHY- 0554762 (USNA), as well
as by the US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics under
contract nos. DE-FG02-88ER-40406 (WU) and DE-AC02-06CH11357 (ANL).
NR 23
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 5
AR 054319
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.78.054319
PG 8
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 376WR
UT WOS:000261214200028
ER
PT J
AU Hicks, SF
Vanhoy, JR
Yates, SW
AF Hicks, S. F.
Vanhoy, J. R.
Yates, S. W.
TI Fragmentation of mixed-symmetry excitations in stable even-even
tellurium nuclei
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID INELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; DOPPLER-SHIFT ATTENUATION; STATES;
ISOTOPES; MODEL
AB The lowest six excited 2(+) levels of the even-even (122-130)Te nuclei have been investigated using gamma-ray spectroscopy following inelastic neutron scattering. These levels have been identified and their decay properties have been characterized from gamma-ray excitation functions and gamma-ray angular distributions; additionally, lifetimes of these levels have been deduced using the Doppler-shift attenuation method. Electromagnetic transition rates and E2/M1 multipole mixing ratios from the 2(x)(+)[x=2-6]-> 2(1)(+) transitions have been examined to identify the lowest mixed-symmetry states in these nuclei. In each nucleus, the mixed-symmetry strength appears to be fragmented between more than one level. The summed M1 strength from the 2(x)(+) [x=2-6] states to the 2(1)(+) level agrees rather well with neutron-proton interacting boson model predictions in the U(5) or O(6) limits for these Te nuclei.
C1 [Hicks, S. F.] Univ Dallas, Dept Phys, Irving, TX 75062 USA.
[Vanhoy, J. R.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Yates, S. W.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
[Yates, S. W.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
RP Hicks, SF (reprint author), Univ Dallas, Dept Phys, Irving, TX 75062 USA.
FU National Science Foundation [PHY-9600431, PHY-9901508, PHY-9626846,
PHY-9971711]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge their colleagues at the University of
Kentucky for making these experiments possible. We also acknowledge the
undergraduate students from the United States Naval Academy and the
University of Dallas who participated in the measurements and the data
reduction. The support of the National Science Foundation for this
project through Grants PHY-9600431, PHY-9901508, PHY-9626846, and
PHY-9971711 is gratefully acknowledged. Additionally, we thank the
O'Hara Foundation and the Marcus Endowment for the Sciences at the
University of Dallas.
NR 31
TC 12
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U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 5
AR 054320
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.78.054320
PG 9
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 376WR
UT WOS:000261214200029
ER
PT J
AU Mena, O
Mocioiu, I
Razzaque, S
AF Mena, Olga
Mocioiu, Irina
Razzaque, Soebur
TI Neutrino mass hierarchy extraction using atmospheric neutrinos in ice
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID OSCILLATION EXPERIMENTS; CP-VIOLATION; 3-NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS;
MAGNETIZED DETECTORS; MATTER; THETA(13); FLUX
AB We show that the measurements of 10 GeV atmospheric neutrinos by an upcoming array of densely-packed phototubes buried deep inside the IceCube detector at the South Pole can be used to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy for values of sin sin(2)2 theta(13) close to the present bound, if the hierarchy is normal. These results are obtained for an exposure of 100 Mton years and systematic uncertainties up to 10%.
C1 [Mena, Olga] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Mena, Olga] Fac Ciencies, CSIC, IEEC, Inst Space Sci, Bellaterra, Spain.
[Mocioiu, Irina] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Razzaque, Soebur] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Mena, O (reprint author), Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Ple A Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
FU NSF [PHY-0555368]; European Programme "The Quest for Unification"
[MRTN-CT-2004-503369]; Ramon y Cajal contract from MEC, Spain; National
Research Council Research Associate at the Naval Research Laboratory;
National Science Foundation [PHY-0455649]
FX We would like to thank Doug Cowen, Carsten Rott and especially Ty
DeYoung for useful discussions and comments. We would also like to thank
Michele Maltoni for useful comments and checks of our results. O.M.
would like to thank the precious help provided by E. Fernandez Martinez
for the numerical analysis. This work was supported in part by the NSF
grant PHY-0555368, by the European Programme "The Quest for Unification"
contract MRTN-CT-2004-503369 and by a Ramon y Cajal contract from MEC,
Spain. S.R. is a National Research Council Research Associate at the
Naval Research Laboratory. I.M. would like to thank the UT Austin theory
group for hospitality while part of this work was being completed. This
material is based upon work supported in part by the National Science
Foundation under Grant No. PHY-0455649.
NR 43
TC 45
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U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1550-7998
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 9
AR 093003
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.78.093003
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 376WO
UT WOS:000261213900016
ER
PT J
AU Billings, L
Dykman, MI
Schwartz, IB
AF Billings, Lora
Dykman, Mark I.
Schwartz, Ira B.
TI Thermally activated switching in the presence of non-Gaussian noise
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID FULL COUNTING STATISTICS; DRIVEN SYSTEMS; JOSEPHSON-JUNCTIONS;
FLUCTUATIONS; DIFFUSION; DETECTORS; ESCAPE; FIELD
AB We study the effect of a non-Gaussian noise on interstate switching activated primarily by Gaussian noise. Even weak non-Gaussian noise can strongly change the switching rate. The effect is determined by all moments of the noise distribution. It is expressed in a closed form in terms of the noise characteristic functional. The analytical results are compared with the results of simulations for an overdamped system driven by white Gaussian noise and a Poisson noise. Switching induced by a purely Poisson noise is also discussed.
C1 [Billings, Lora] Montclair State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA.
[Dykman, Mark I.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Schwartz, Ira B.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Nonlinear Syst Dynam Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Billings, L (reprint author), Montclair State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA.
EM dykman@pa.msu.edu
RI Schwartz, Ira/A-8073-2009
FU ARO [W911NF-06-1-0320, W911NF-06-1-0324]; NSF [DMR-0305746]; Office of
Naval Research
FX M.I.D. acknowledges valuable discussions with M. Buttiker and A.
Korotkov. L.B. is supported by ARO Grant No. W911NF-06-1-0320. M.I.D. is
supported by ARO Grant No. W911NF-06-1-0324 and NSF Grant No.
DMR-0305746. I.B.S. is supported by the Office of Naval Research.
NR 36
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1539-3755
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 5
AR 051122
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.78.051122
PN 1
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 376WL
UT WOS:000261213600027
PM 19113110
ER
PT J
AU Judd, KP
Smith, GB
Handler, RA
Sisodia, A
AF Judd, K. Peter
Smith, Geoffrey B.
Handler, R. A.
Sisodia, Ankur
TI The thermal signature of a low Reynolds number submerged turbulent jet
impacting a free surface
SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS
LA English
DT Article
ID AIR-WATER-INTERFACE; ROUND JET; COHERENT STRUCTURES; CHANNEL FLOW;
VORTEX RINGS; DYNAMICS; STABILITY; DECOMPOSITION; VORTICITY; BENEATH
AB The thermal signature of a low Reynolds number turbulent jet impacting a free surface was investigated experimentally. Three Reynolds numbers (1000, 3000, and 4800) were investigated for a configuration in which the jet nozzle diameter and the depth of the jet beneath the free surface were fixed. A high resolution infrared detector was used to collect thermal imagery of the surface temperature field. These data were then used to examine the detailed statistical nature of the resulting coupled thermal-hydrodynamic field. The analysis included an examination of the instantaneous, mean, and fluctuating surface thermal fields. Examination of the instantaneous fields strongly suggested the existence of a turbulent core region and a weaker outer region. The existence of this inner-outer structure associated with the surface flow was confirmed by a detailed examination of the mean surface temperature fields. In addition, the outer structure of the mean surface temperature appeared to correspond well with the existence of a surface current first observed by Anthony and Willmarth ["Turbulence measurements in a round jet beneath a free surface," J. Fluid Mech. 243, 699 (1992)]. A self-similar region of the temperature field associated with the turbulent core was also clearly identified. Finally, the statistics of the surface thermal fluctuation fields were examined. These statistics revealed high thermal fluctuations near the edge of the flow field associated with flow intermittency there, as well as evidence of surface capillary waves which were generated as a result of the jet-surface interaction. In addition, the thermal fluctuation field was further examined using a Karhunen-Loeve analysis. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Judd, K. Peter; Smith, Geoffrey B.; Handler, R. A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Sisodia, Ankur] Nortwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
RP Judd, KP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM kjudd@ccs.nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research; Naval Research Laboratory; National Research
Council
FX Financial support from the Office of Naval Research, The Naval Research
Laboratory, and the National Research Council is gratefully
acknowledged. We also thank John Petrowski of Rutgers University for
manufacturing the nozzle.
NR 46
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-6631
J9 PHYS FLUIDS
JI Phys. Fluids
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 11
AR 115102
DI 10.1063/1.2981534
PG 14
WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Mechanics; Physics
GA 376WI
UT WOS:000261213300018
ER
PT J
AU Modesti, M
Besco, S
Lorenzetti, A
Zammarano, M
Causin, V
Marega, C
Gilman, JW
Fox, DM
Trulove, PC
De Long, HC
Maupin, PH
AF Modesti, M.
Besco, S.
Lorenzetti, A.
Zammarano, M.
Causin, V.
Marega, C.
Gilman, J. W.
Fox, D. M.
Trulove, P. C.
De Long, H. C.
Maupin, P. H.
TI Imidazolium-modified clay-based ABS nanocomposites: a comparison between
melt-blending and solution-sonication processes
SO POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
LA English
DT Article
DE ABS; imidazolium salts; solution processing; melt-blending;
nanocomposites; Nile Blue A; fluorescence probe
ID POLYMER/LAYERED SILICATE NANOCOMPOSITES; THERMAL-DEGRADATION;
EXFOLIATION; MODEL; MONTMORILLONITE; AMMONIUM; BEHAVIOR
AB Acrylonitrile--butadiene--styrene (ABS) nanocomposites containing imidazolium-modified montmorillonite have been prepared by melt-blending (MB) and solution-sonication in order to study the effects of processing on the morphology and properties of the polymer/clay composites. The structure-property relationships of the prepared composites have been studied by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), mechanical testing, dynamic-mechanical analyses (DMA), thermal gravimetrical analyses (TGA), fluorescence probe confocal microscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy (FS). X-Ray and TEM show that both nanocomposites have a mixed intercalated/exfoliated structure. Fluorescence probe confocal microscopy reveals that the sonicated sample has a more homogeneous dispersion: this result is confirmed by the values of elongation at break and flexural elastic modulus measured for the composites. Fluorescence spectroscopy has also been used to investigate the distribution of clay in the composites and results indicate that clay layers in ABS are preferentially located in the styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) phase, independent of the dispersion process used. Published in 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Modesti, M.; Besco, S.; Lorenzetti, A.] Univ Padua, Dept Chem Proc Engn, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
[Zammarano, M.; Gilman, J. W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Causin, V.; Marega, C.] Univ Padua, Dept Chem Sci, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
[Fox, D. M.] American Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20016 USA.
[Trulove, P. C.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[De Long, H. C.] USAF, Off Sci Res, Directorate Chem & Life Sci, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
[Maupin, P. H.] US DOE, Off Sci, Off Basic Energy Sci, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
RP Modesti, M (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dept Chem Proc Engn, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
EM michele.modesti@unipd.it
OI causin, valerio/0000-0002-2581-8445
NR 21
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1042-7147
EI 1099-1581
J9 POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL
JI Polym. Adv. Technol.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 19
IS 11
BP 1576
EP 1583
DI 10.1002/pat.1172
PG 8
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 375VM
UT WOS:000261141900018
ER
PT J
AU Marin, A
Salmeron, J
AF Marin, A.
Salmeron, J.
TI Taxi planner optimization: a management tool
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART G-JOURNAL OF
AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE taxi planning; airport management; airport design
AB This work introduces taxi planning optimization (TPO) as a methodology to guide airport Surface management operations. The optimization model represents competing aircraft using limited ground resources. TPO improves aircraft taxiing routes and their schedule in situations of congestion, minimizing overall taxiing time (TT), and helping taxi planners to meet prespecified goals such as compliance with take-off windows, TT limits, and trajectory conflicts. By considering all simultaneous trajectories during a given planning horizon, TPO's estimation of TT from the stand to the runways improves over Current planning methods. The operational optimization model is a large-scale space-time multi-commodity network with capacity constraints. In addition to its natural use as a real-time taxi planning tool, a number of TPO variants can be used for design purposes, Such as expansion of new infrastructure. TPO is demonstrated using Madrid-Barajas as test airport.
C1 [Marin, A.] Univ Politecn Madrid, ETS Ingenieros Aeronaut, Dept Matemat Aplicada & Estadist, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
[Salmeron, J.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Marin, A (reprint author), Univ Politecn Madrid, ETS Ingenieros Aeronaut, Dept Matemat Aplicada & Estadist, Plaza Cardenal Cisneros 3, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
EM angel.marin@upm.es
FU Aeropuertos Espanoles y Navegacion Aerea; Spain's Ministry of Education
and Science [TRA2005-09068-C0301]
FX This research was supported by Aeropuertos Espanoles y Navegacion Aerea
and Spain's Ministry of Education and Science through grant
TRA2005-09068-C0301. The authors also wish to thank two anonymous
reviewers for their helpful comments on this paper.
NR 21
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 8
PU PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING PUBLISHING LTD
PI WESTMINISTER
PA 1 BIRDCAGE WALK, WESTMINISTER SW1H 9JJ, ENGLAND
SN 0954-4100
J9 P I MECH ENG G-J AER
JI Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part G-J. Aerosp. Eng.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 222
IS G7
BP 1055
EP 1066
DI 10.1243/09544100JAERO331
PG 12
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 384WI
UT WOS:000261774500013
ER
PT J
AU Doolan, DL
Mu, Y
Unal, B
Sundaresh, S
Hirst, S
Valdez, C
Randall, A
Molina, D
Liang, X
Freilich, DA
Oloo, JA
Blair, PL
Aguiar, JC
Baldi, P
Davies, DH
Felgner, PL
AF Doolan, Denise L.
Mu, Yunxiang
Unal, Berkay
Sundaresh, Suman
Hirst, Siddiqua
Valdez, Conrad
Randall, Arlo
Molina, Douglas
Liang, Xiaowu
Freilich, Daniel A.
Oloo, J. Aggrey
Blair, Peter L.
Aguiar, Joao C.
Baldi, Pierre
Davies, D. Huw
Felgner, Philip L.
TI Profiling humoral immune responses to P-falciparum infection with
protein microarrays
SO PROTEOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Antigen identification; Plasmodium falciparum; Protein chip; Proteome
microarray; Vaccine
ID HUMAN MALARIA PARASITE; GENE-EXPRESSION DATA; LIFE-CYCLE; VACCINE
CANDIDATES; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SMALLPOX VACCINE; SURFACE-ANTIGEN; GLOBAL
ANALYSIS; T-CELLS; SPOROZOITES
AB A complete description of the serological. response following exposure of humans to complex pathogens is lacking and approaches suitable for accomplishing this are limited. Here we report, using malaria as a model, a method which elucidates the profile of antibodies that develop after natural or experimental infection or after vaccination with attenuated organisms, and which identifies immunoreactive antigens of interest for vaccine development or other applications. Expression vectors encoding 250 Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) proteins were generated by PCR/recombination cloning; the proteins were individually expressed with >90% efficiency in Escherichia coli cell-free in vitro transcription and translation reactions, and printed directly without purification onto microarray slides. The protein microarrays were probed with human sera from one of four groups which differed in immune status: sterile immunity or no immunity against experimental challenge following vaccination with radiation-attenuated Pf sporozoites, partial immunity acquired by natural exposure, and no previous exposure to Pf. Overall, 72 highly reactive Pf antigens were identified. Proteomic features associated with immunoreactivity were identified. Importantly, antibody profiles were distinct for each donor group. Information obtained from such analyses will facilitate identifying antigens for vaccine development, dissecting the molecular basis of immunity, monitoring the outcome of whole-organism vaccine trials, and identifying immune correlates of protection.
C1 [Mu, Yunxiang; Unal, Berkay; Hirst, Siddiqua; Valdez, Conrad; Davies, D. Huw; Felgner, Philip L.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Sch Med, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Doolan, Denise L.; Freilich, Daniel A.; Blair, Peter L.; Aguiar, Joao C.] USN, Med Res Inst, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Doolan, Denise L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD USA.
[Doolan, Denise L.] Queensland Inst Med Res, Brisbane, Qld 4006, Australia.
[Sundaresh, Suman; Randall, Arlo; Baldi, Pierre; Davies, D. Huw; Felgner, Philip L.] Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Informat & Comp Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Sundaresh, Suman; Randall, Arlo; Baldi, Pierre] Univ Calif Irvine, Inst Genom & Bioinformat, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Molina, Douglas; Liang, Xiaowu] ImmPORT Therapeut, Irvine, CA USA.
[Oloo, J. Aggrey] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kissian, Kenya.
RP Felgner, PL (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Sch Med, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
EM pfelgner@uci.edu
RI Doolan, Denise/F-1969-2015; Mu, Yunxiang/H-3538-2015
OI Mu, Yunxiang/0000-0001-9754-2129
FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [1R43AIU066791-01,
U01AI056464, 1U01AI061363]; US Army Medical Research Materiel Command
[6000.RAD1.F.A0309]; Pfizer Australia; National Institutes of Health
[5T15LM007743]; National Science Foundation [0321390]; Institute for
Genomics and Bioinformatics
FX We thank Denis Heck, UCI Microarray Facility, for array printing. The
views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of
the Navy, Department of Defense, nor the U.S. Government. This work was
supported by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Grants 1R43AIU066791-01, U01AI056464 and 1U01AI061363, by funds
allocated to the Naval Medical Research Center by the US Army Medical
Research Materiel Command (work unit 6000.RAD1.F.A0309) and by a Pfizer
Australia research fellowship awarded to Denise Doolan. The
bioinformatics and primer design in this work was supported by National
Institutes of Health Biomedical Informatics Training Program Grant
5T15LM007743 and National Science Foundation Grant MRI EIA-0321390 to
Pierre Baldi and the Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics.
NR 61
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Z9 149
U1 3
U2 11
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1615-9853
J9 PROTEOMICS
JI Proteomics
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 8
IS 22
BP 4680
EP 4694
DI 10.1002/pmic.200800194
PG 15
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 379EU
UT WOS:000261380300009
PM 18937256
ER
PT J
AU Sweetser, KD
Brown, CW
AF Sweetser, Kaye D.
Brown, Charles W.
TI Information subsidies and agenda-building during the Israel-Lebanon
crisis
SO PUBLIC RELATIONS REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Public affairs; Agenda building; Information subsidy
ID PUBLIC-RELATIONS CAMPAIGN; NEWS; US
AB This study examined the impact of information subsidies on media coverage during a crisis. Using the July 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict as a backdrop, this research reviewed access that U.S. military public affairs officers provided the media and analyzed subsequent coverage for the presence of the military's message. Coverage was more neutral to positive than negative. Items containing organizational messages were more positive; those quoting practitioner facilitated sources introduced organizational messages into coverage and generated more positive coverage. Access to information Subsidies had a positive impact on coverage and aided in the successful transfer of attribute salience from practitioners to the media. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
C1 [Sweetser, Kaye D.] Univ Georgia, Grady Coll, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Brown, Charles W.] USN, USAF, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Sweetser, KD (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Grady Coll, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM sweetser@uga.edu; charles.brown2@navy.mil
NR 23
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0363-8111
J9 PUBLIC RELAT REV
JI Public Relat. Rev.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 34
IS 4
BP 359
EP 366
DI 10.1016/j.pubrev.2008.06.008
PG 8
WC Business; Communication
SC Business & Economics; Communication
GA 377BG
UT WOS:000261226100007
ER
PT J
AU Reyes, RA
Romanyukha, A
Trompier, F
Mitchell, CA
Clairand, I
De, T
Benevides, LA
Swartz, HM
AF Reyes, R. A.
Romanyukha, A.
Trompier, F.
Mitchell, C. A.
Clairand, I.
De, T.
Benevides, L. A.
Swartz, H. M.
TI Electron paramagnetic resonance in human fingernails: the sponge model
implication
SO RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID EPR DOSIMETRY; ALPHA-KERATIN; WATER-CONTENT; RADIATION
AB The most significant problem of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) fingernail dosimetry is the presence of two signals of non-radiation origin that overlap the radiation-induced signal (RIS), making it almost impossible to perform dose measurements below 5 Gy. Historically, these two non-radiation components were named mechanically induced signal (MIS) and background signal (BKS). In order to investigate them in detail, three different methods of MIS and BKS mutual isolation have been developed and implemented. After applying these methods, it is shown here that fingernail tissue, after cut, can be modeled as a deformed sponge, where the MIS and BKS are associated with the stress from elastic and plastic deformations, respectively. A sponge has a unique mechanism of mechanical stress absorption, which is necessary for fingernails in order to perform its everyday function of protecting the fingertips from hits and trauma. Like a sponge, fingernails are also known to be an effective water absorber. When a sponge is saturated with water, it tends to restore to its original shape, and when it loses water, it becomes deformed again. The same happens to fingernail tissue. It is proposed that the MIS and BKS signals of mechanical origin be named MIS1 and MIS2 for MISs 1 and 2, respectively. Our suggested interpretation of the mechanical deformation in fingernails gives also a way to distinguish between the MIS and RIS. The results obtained show that the MIS in irradiated fingernails can be almost completely eliminated without a significant change to the RIS by soaking the sample for 10 min in water. The proposed method to measure porosity (the fraction of void space in spongy material) of the fingernails gave values of 0.46-0.48 for three of the studied samples. Existing results of fingernail dosimetry have been obtained on mechanically stressed samples and are not related to the "real" in vivo dosimetric properties of fingernails. A preliminary study of these properties of pre-soaked (unstressed) fingernails has demonstrated their significant difference from fingernails stressed by cut. They show a higher stability signal, a less intensive non-radiation component, and a nonlinear dose dependence. The findings in this study set the stage for understanding fingernail EPR dosimetry and doing in vivo measurements in the future.
C1 [Reyes, R. A.; Romanyukha, A.; Mitchell, C. A.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Romanyukha, A.; Benevides, L. A.] USN, Dosimetry Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA.
[Trompier, F.; Clairand, I.] Inst Radioprotect & Surete Nucl, Fontenay Aux Roses, France.
[De, T.] Howard Univ, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
[Swartz, H. M.] Dartmouth Med Sch, Hanover, NH USA.
RP Romanyukha, A (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
EM aromanyukha@usuhs.mil
OI TROMPIER, Francois/0000-0002-8776-6572
NR 14
TC 34
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0301-634X
J9 RADIAT ENVIRON BIOPH
JI Radiat. Environ. Biophys.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 4
BP 515
EP 526
DI 10.1007/s00411-008-0178-8
PG 12
WC Biology; Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine
& Medical Imaging
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Environmental
Sciences & Ecology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 359OJ
UT WOS:000259997000011
PM 18584193
ER
PT J
AU Dunlap, GH
Halwachs, JE
AF Dunlap, Gary H.
Halwachs, James E.
TI New Submarine Rescue System is First Deployed During International
Exercise
SO SEA TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Dunlap, Gary H.] USN, Sea Syst Command Adv Undersea Syst Program Off, Washington, DC USA.
[Halwachs, James E.] Oceanworks Int Corp, Houston, TX USA.
RP Dunlap, GH (reprint author), USN, Sea Syst Command Adv Undersea Syst Program Off, Washington, DC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU COMPASS PUBLICATIONS, INC
PI ARLINGTON
PA 1501 WILSON BLVD., STE 1001, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-2403 USA
SN 0093-3651
J9 SEA TECHNOL
JI Sea Technol.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 49
IS 11
BP 10
EP 14
PG 5
WC Engineering, Ocean
SC Engineering
GA 373XV
UT WOS:000261007700002
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, LA
Smalley, JK
AF Anderson, Larry A.
Smalley, Joseph K.
TI Dependable and Accurate Surveying of Hydrophones
SO SEA TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Anderson, Larry A.; Smalley, Joseph K.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Keyport, Washington, DC USA.
RP Anderson, LA (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Keyport, Washington, DC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU COMPASS PUBLICATIONS, INC
PI ARLINGTON
PA 1501 WILSON BLVD., STE 1001, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-2403 USA
SN 0093-3651
J9 SEA TECHNOL
JI Sea Technol.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 49
IS 11
BP 15
EP +
PG 4
WC Engineering, Ocean
SC Engineering
GA 373XV
UT WOS:000261007700003
ER
PT J
AU Bracker, AS
Gammon, D
Korenev, VL
AF Bracker, Allan S.
Gammon, Daniel
Korenev, Vladimir L.
TI Fine structure and optical pumping of spins in individual semiconductor
quantum dots
SO SEMICONDUCTOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SELF-ORGANIZED ENSEMBLE; INP/INGAP ISLANDS; ELECTRIC-FIELD;
SPECTROSCOPY; GAAS; POLARIZATION; EXCITONS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SYSTEMS;
NUCLEI
AB We review spin properties of semiconductor quantum dots and their effect on optical spectra. Photoluminescence and other types of spectroscopy are used to probe neutral and charged excitons in individual quantum dots with high spectral and spatial resolution. Spectral fine structure and polarization reveal how quantum dot spins interact with each other and with their environment. By taking advantage of the selectivity of optical selection rules and spin relaxation, optical spin pumping of the ground state electron and nuclear spins is achieved. Through such mechanisms, light can be used to process spins for use as a carrier of information.
C1 [Bracker, Allan S.; Gammon, Daniel] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Korenev, Vladimir L.] AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia.
RP Bracker, AS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM bracker@bloch.nrl.navy.mil
RI Korenev, Vladimir/C-1107-2014
FU US Office of Naval Research; NSA/ARO; RFBR; Russian Science Support
Foundation; Russian Academy of Sciences
FX This work was supported by the US Office of Naval Research, NSA/ARO,
RFBR, the Russian Science Support Foundation and programmes of the
Russian Academy of Sciences.
NR 91
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0268-1242
J9 SEMICOND SCI TECH
JI Semicond. Sci. Technol.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 23
IS 11
AR 114004
DI 10.1088/0268-1242/23/11/114004
PG 17
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics
GA 366PO
UT WOS:000260495100006
ER
PT J
AU Mierla, M
Davila, J
Thompson, W
Inhester, B
Srivastava, N
Kramar, M
Cyr, OCS
Stenborg, G
Howard, RA
AF Mierla, M.
Davila, J.
Thompson, W.
Inhester, B.
Srivastava, N.
Kramar, M.
Cyr, O. C. St.
Stenborg, G.
Howard, R. A.
TI A Quick Method for Estimating the Propagation Direction of Coronal Mass
Ejections Using STEREO-COR1 Images
SO SOLAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Corona: structures; Coronal mass ejections: initiation and propagation
ID CONE MODEL; SECCHI; LASCO
AB We describe here a method to obtain the position of a coronal moving feature in a three-dimensional coordinate system based on height-time measurements applied to STEREO data. By using the height-time diagrams from the two SECCHI-COR1 coronagraphs onboard STEREO, one can easily determine the direction of propagation of a coronal mass ejection (i.e., if the moving plasma is oriented toward or away from the Earth). This method may prove to be a useful tool for space weather forecasting by easily identifying the direction of propagation as well as the real speed of the coronal mass ejections.
C1 [Mierla, M.] Royal Observ Belgium, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium.
[Mierla, M.] Acad Romana, Astron Inst, Bucharest 040557, Romania.
[Davila, J.; Cyr, O. C. St.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Thompson, W.] Adnet Syst Inc, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
[Inhester, B.; Srivastava, N.] Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany.
[Srivastava, N.] Udaipur Solar Observ, Udaipur 313001, India.
[Kramar, M.] Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA.
[Stenborg, G.] Interferometrics Inc, Herndon, VA 20171 USA.
[Howard, R. A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Mierla, M (reprint author), Royal Observ Belgium, Ringlaan 3, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium.
EM marilena@oma.be; josephmdavila@gmail.com; william.t.thompson@nasa.gov;
binhest@mps.mpg.de; nandita@prl.res.in; kramar@helio.gsfc.nasa.gov;
orville.c.stcyr@nasa.gov; stenborg@kreutz.nascom.nasa.gov;
russ.howard@nrl.navy.mil
RI Thompson, William/D-7376-2012
NR 21
TC 40
Z9 42
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-0938
J9 SOL PHYS
JI Sol. Phys.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 252
IS 2
BP 385
EP 396
DI 10.1007/s11207-008-9267-8
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 367BD
UT WOS:000260526600011
ER
PT J
AU Champlain, JG
Magno, R
Ancona, M
Newman, HS
Boos, JB
AF Champlain, James G.
Magno, Richard
Ancona, Mario
Newman, Harvey S.
Boos, J. Brad
TI InAs-based heterostructure barrier varactor diodes with
In(0.3)Al(0.7)As(0.4)Sb(0.6) as the barrier material
SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Heterobarrier varactor; Sb-base semiconductors
ID TRIPLER
AB InAs-based heterostructure barrier varactor (HBV) diodes with In(0.3)Al(0.7)As(0.4)Sb(0.6) as the barrier material are demonstrated. Current-voltage and capacitance-voltage characteristics, as well as S-parameters, of HBV diodes with varying barrier thicknesses are examined. Maximum capacitance values and maximum-to-minimum capacitance ratios greater than those predicted by traditional HBV models were measured. The HBVs' unconventional behavior in terms of charge accumulation layers adjacent to the wide bandgap barrier is discussed. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Champlain, James G.; Magno, Richard; Ancona, Mario; Newman, Harvey S.; Boos, J. Brad] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Champlain, JG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM james.champlain@nrl.navy.mil
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-1101
J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON
JI Solid-State Electron.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 52
IS 11
BP 1829
EP 1832
DI 10.1016/j.sse.2008.08.005
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics,
Condensed Matter
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 378XS
UT WOS:000261358900025
ER
PT J
AU Shykoff, BE
AF Shykoff, B. E.
TI Pulmonary effects of submerged exercise while breathing 140 kPa oxygen.
SO UNDERSEA & HYPERBARIC MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
AB Shykoff BE. Pulmonary effects of submerged exercise while breathing 140 kPa oxygen. Undersea Hyperb Med 2008; 35(6):417-426. Pulmonary effects of prolonged mild intermittent underwater cycle ergometer exercise were assessed after single and repeated four-hour dives to 12 feet. With air, five daily dives (Surface interval [SI], 20 hours), and with 100% oxygen, single dives, five daily dives, and afternoon-morning dives (SI, 15 hours) were conducted. Air divers had no symptoms or abnormal pulmonary function values but showed slight decreases within the normal range in forced expired Volume in one second (FEV(1);-0.45%/day) and forced expired flow between 25% and 75% of volume expired (FEF(25-75); -0.8%/day). After one oxygen dive, incidences of mild symptoms or reduced pulmonary function were not different with exercise from those resting, but during five dives, decreases were significant in FEF(25-75) (-1.8%/day) and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (D(L)CO; -1.2%/day), estimated to cause abnormal values in 25% of divers in nine to ten days. Following afternoon-morning dive pairs, changes in FEV(1) and FEF(25-75) were similar to those after nine or four daily dives, respectively. Exercise increases the injurious pulmonary effects of 140 kPa oxygen, and oxygen, those of exercise. A one-day break should follow two 4-hour exercise oxygen dives With Surface Intervals of 15 to 20 hours.
C1 USN, Expt Diving Unit, Panama City, FL USA.
RP Shykoff, BE (reprint author), USN, Expt Diving Unit, Panama City, FL USA.
NR 10
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNDERSEA & HYPERBARIC MEDICAL SOC INC
PI DUNKIRK
PA 10020 SOUTHER MARYLAND BLVD, PO BOX 1020, DUNKIRK, MD 20754-1020 USA
SN 1066-2936
J9 UNDERSEA HYPERBAR M
JI Undersea Hyperb. Med.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 6
BP 417
EP 426
PG 10
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 388RI
UT WOS:000262036500003
PM 19175197
ER
PT J
AU Joseph, B
Bhatt, BC
Koh, TY
Chen, S
AF Joseph, B.
Bhatt, B. C.
Koh, T. Y.
Chen, S.
TI Sea breeze simulation over the Malay Peninsula in an intermonsoon period
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID CIRCULATIONS; CONVECTION
AB This study presents a characteristic intermonsoon weather situation over the Malay Peninsula. The Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS) is used to investigate the mesoscale details of the simulated sea breeze circulations occurring in the inland region of the southern Malay Peninsula is noted. On the peninsula-scale, convection was first initiated along the low-level convergence line that became established along the west coastal region of the Malay Peninsula in the early afternoon. Deep clouds that led to thunderstorms developed in the northwestern part of the Malay Peninsula after the sea breeze encountered the mountain wave induced under the ambient easterlies above the mountain ridge line. The convective activity was further enhanced over the central Malay Peninsula because of the interaction between sea breeze front and gap winds from the mountains. This case study suggests that the Malay Peninsula is a potentially fertile ground for many dynamically interesting case studies of land-sea breeze circulations.
C1 [Joseph, B.; Bhatt, B. C.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Temasek Labs, Singapore 637553, Singapore.
[Chen, S.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Koh, T. Y.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Math & Phys Sci, Singapore 637616, Singapore.
RP Joseph, B (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Temasek Labs, Res Technol Plaza,50 Nanyang Dr BorderX Block,9th, Singapore 637553, Singapore.
EM bcbhatt@ntu.edu.sg
RI Koh, Tieh Yong/A-1757-2011
NR 20
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD OCT 30
PY 2008
VL 113
IS D20
AR D20122
DI 10.1029/2008JD010319
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 368CD
UT WOS:000260598000010
ER
PT J
AU Kermode, JR
Albaret, T
Sherman, D
Bernstein, N
Gumbsch, P
Payne, MC
Csanyi, G
De Vita, A
AF Kermode, J. R.
Albaret, T.
Sherman, D.
Bernstein, N.
Gumbsch, P.
Payne, M. C.
Csanyi, G.
De Vita, A.
TI Low-speed fracture instabilities in a brittle crystal
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID SILICON SINGLE-CRYSTALS; CLEAVAGE FRACTURE; DYNAMIC FRACTURE; CRACK
FRONT; SIMULATION; ANISOTROPY; VELOCITY; SURFACE; PATH
AB When a brittle material is loaded to the limit of its strength, it fails by the nucleation and propagation of a crack(1). The conditions for crack propagation are created by stress concentration in the region of the crack tip and depend on macroscopic parameters such as the geometry and dimensions of the specimen(2). The way the crack propagates, however, is entirely determined by atomic- scale phenomena, because brittle crack tips are atomically sharp and propagate by breaking the variously oriented interatomic bonds, one at a time, at each point of the moving crack front(1,3). The physical interplay of multiple length scales makes brittle fracture a complex 'multi-scale' phenomenon. Several intermediate scales may arise in more complex situations, for example in the presence of microdefects or grain boundaries. The occurrence of various instabilities in crack propagation at very high speeds is well known(1), and significant advances have been made recently in understanding their origin(4,5). Here we investigate low- speed propagation instabilities in silicon using quantum- mechanical hybrid, multi- scale modelling and single- crystal fracture experiments. Our simulations predict a crack- tip reconstruction that makes low- speed crack propagation unstable on the ( 111) cleavage plane, which is conventionally thought of as the most stable cleavage plane. We perform experiments in which this instability is observed at a range of low speeds, using an experimental technique designed for the investigation of fracture under low tensile loads. Further simulations explain why, conversely, at moderately high speeds crack propagation on the ( 110) cleavage plane becomes unstable and deflects onto ( 111) planes, as previously observed experimentally(6,7).
C1 [Csanyi, G.] Univ Cambridge, Engn Lab, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, England.
[De Vita, A.] Kings Coll London, Dept Phys, London WC2R 2LS, England.
[De Vita, A.] Univ Trieste, INFM, DEMOCRITOS Natl Simulat Ctr, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
[De Vita, A.] Univ Trieste, INFM, Ctr Excellence Nanostruct Mat, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
[Kermode, J. R.; Payne, M. C.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Condensed Matter Theory Grp, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England.
[Albaret, T.] Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, LPMCN, UMR 5586, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
[Sherman, D.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Mat Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel.
[Bernstein, N.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Gumbsch, P.] Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Zuverlassigkeit von Bauteilen & Syst, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
[Gumbsch, P.] Fraunhofer Inst Werkstoffmech, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany.
RP Csanyi, G (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Engn Lab, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, England.
EM gc121@cam.ac.uk
RI Cavendish, TCM/C-9489-2009; Gumbsch, Peter/E-5879-2012; Sherman,
Dov/A-1147-2014; Kermode, James/O-6631-2014
OI Gumbsch, Peter/0000-0001-7995-228X; Sherman, Dov/0000-0002-8771-6735;
Kermode, James/0000-0001-6755-6271
FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [Gu 367/30]; NRL; ONR; ISF [1110/04];
EPSRC [GR/S61263/01, EP/5C23938/1, EP/C52392X/1]; ANR-France
[ANR-05-CIGC:LN3M]; IDRIS, Orsay, France [051841]
FX P. G. acknowledges support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Gu
367/30). N.B. acknowledges support from NRL and ONR. D.S. acknowledges
support from the ISF (grant no. 1110/04). J.R.K., G.C. and M.C.P.
acknowledge support from the EPSRC portfolio grant GR/ S61263/01. T. A.
acknowledges support from ANR-France (grant ANR-05-CIGC:LN3M) and IDRIS
(Orsay, France, project 051841). A.D.V. acknowledges support from the
EPSRC grant EP/5C23938/1. G.C. acknowledges support from the EPSRC grant
EP/C52392X/1. The authors thank A. Sutton for a critical reading of the
manuscript. Computer timewas in part provided by the US Department of
Defense HPCMP and the HPCS at the University of Cambridge.
NR 30
TC 96
Z9 96
U1 7
U2 66
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD OCT 30
PY 2008
VL 455
IS 7217
BP 1224
EP U41
DI 10.1038/nature07297
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 366DZ
UT WOS:000260462100040
ER
PT J
AU Dolgov, OV
Golubov, AA
Mazin, II
Maksimov, EG
AF Dolgov, O. V.
Golubov, A. A.
Mazin, I. I.
Maksimov, E. G.
TI Critical temperature and the giant isotope effect in the presence of
paramagnons
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID SPIN FLUCTUATIONS; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; PHONON
AB We reconsider the long-standing problem of the effect of spin fluctuations on the critical temperature and the isotope effect in a phonon-mediated superconductor. We discuss the general physics of the interplay between phonons and paramagnons, and show that the previously used approximate formulas fail to describe the correct behavior of T(c) for general phonon and paramagnon spectra. Using a controllable approximation, we derive an analytical formula for T(c) which agrees well with exact numerical solutions of the Eliashberg equations for a broad range of parameters. On the basis of both numerical and analytical results, we predict a strong enhancement of the isotope effect when the frequencies of spin fluctuation and phonons are of the same order. We discuss application to near-magnetic superconductors such as MgCNi(3).
C1 [Dolgov, O. V.] Max Planck Inst Festkorperphys, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
[Golubov, A. A.] Univ Twente, Fac Sci & Technol, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands.
[Mazin, I. I.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Maksimov, E. G.] RAS, PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 119991, Russia.
RP Dolgov, OV (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Festkorperphys, Heisenbergstr 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
RI Mazin, Igor/B-6576-2008; Dolgov, Oleg/M-8120-2015
OI Dolgov, Oleg/0000-0001-8997-2671
FU NWO-RFBR [047.016.005]; NSF DMR [0342290, 023188]
FX We are grateful to S Y Savrasov for useful discussions and for providing
the results of calculations of the electron-phonon spectral function in
MgCNi3. We acknowledge support from the NWO-RFBR grant
047.016.005 and from the NSF DMR grants 0342290 and 023188.
NR 22
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-8984
J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT
JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter
PD OCT 29
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 43
AR 434226
DI 10.1088/0953-8984/20/43/434226
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 358MZ
UT WOS:000259922600027
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, QF
Doyle, JD
Haack, T
Dvorak, MJ
Archer, CL
Jacobson, MZ
AF Jiang, Qingfang
Doyle, James D.
Haack, Tracy
Dvorak, Michael J.
Archer, Cristina L.
Jacobson, Mark Z.
TI Exploring wind energy potential off the California coast
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB Wind energy represents the nearest term cost-effective renewable energy source. While efforts have been made to assess wind energy potential over land around the world, offshore wind energy resources are largely unexplored, in part because these regions have relatively sparse wind observations. In this study, the wind energy potential offshore of the California coast is evaluated using a well-tested high-resolution numerical model dataset. We found that along the coastline, the low-level winds exhibit strong spatial variation and are characterized by alternating windspeed maxima and minima near coastal promontories associated with the interaction between the marine boundary layer and coastal topography. Further analysis highlights the enormous and reliable wind energy development potential in these persistent offshore windspeed maxima. Citation: Jiang, Q., J. D. Doyle, T. Haack, M. J. Dvorak, C. L. Archer, and M. Z. Jacobson (2008), Exploring wind energy potential off the California coast, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L20819, doi: 10.1029/2008GL034674.
C1 [Jiang, Qingfang] USN, Res Lab, Univ Corp Atmospher Res, Monterey, CA 93490 USA.
[Doyle, James D.; Haack, Tracy] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Dvorak, Michael J.; Jacobson, Mark Z.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Archer, Cristina L.] Calif State Univ Chico, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Chico, CA 95929 USA.
RP Jiang, QF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Univ Corp Atmospher Res, Monterey, CA 93490 USA.
EM qingfang.jiang@nrlmry.navy.mil
RI Archer, Cristina/H-3105-2013
OI Archer, Cristina/0000-0002-7837-7575
FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [0601153 N]
FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR)
program element 0601153 N. The first author has greatly benefited from
discussions with Ronald Smith at Yale University. COAMPS is a registered
trademark of the Naval Research Laboratory.
NR 12
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD OCT 28
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 20
AR L20819
DI 10.1029/2008GL034674
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 368BQ
UT WOS:000260596700001
ER
PT J
AU Pathak, JA
Twigg, JN
Nugent, KE
Ho, DL
Lin, EK
Mott, PH
Robertson, CG
Vukmir, MK
Epps, TH
Roland, CM
AF Pathak, J. A.
Twigg, J. N.
Nugent, K. E.
Ho, D. L.
Lin, E. K.
Mott, P. H.
Robertson, C. G.
Vukmir, M. K.
Epps, T. H., III
Roland, C. M.
TI Structure Evolution in a Polyurea Segmented Block Copolymer Because of
Mechanical Deformation
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID TIME-TEMPERATURE SUPERPOSITION; MULTIPLE ENDOTHERMIC BEHAVIOR;
STRESS-STRAIN BEHAVIOR; MICROPHASE SEPARATION; THERMORHEOLOGICAL
COMPLEXITY; VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION;
PHASE-SEPARATION; DEPENDENCE; POLYMERS
AB Extensional stress-strair measurements on a polyurea (PU) were carried out at strain rates up to 830 s(-1). in combination with expost faceo small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements and temperature-dependent SAXS. The elastomer is of interest because of its application as an impact-resistant coating. The highest strain rates used herein fall within the softening, or transition, zone of the viscoelastic spectrum and are thus relevant to the working hypothesis that the performance of a polyurea impact coating is related to its transition to the glassy state when strained very rapidly. While quasi-static and slow deformation of the PU gives rise to irrecoverable strain and anisotropic SAXS patterns. when stretched at high rates the PU recovers completely and the scattering is isotropic. Thus, the deformation of the hard domains observed at low rates is absent at high strain rates. Linear dynamic mechanical measurements were also carried Out. with the obtained segmental relaxation times in good agreement With dielectric relaxation measurements on this material. The PU exhibits the usual breakdown of time-temperature superposition in the transition zone. This thermorheological complexity underlies the fact that published time-temperature shift factors for this material are unrelated to the segmental dynamics, and therefore use of these shift factors to predict the onset of glassy dynamics during impact loading of the PU Will be in error.
C1 [Pathak, J. A.; Twigg, J. N.; Nugent, K. E.; Mott, P. H.; Roland, C. M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Pathak, J. A.] George Mason Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Ho, D. L.; Lin, E. K.] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Robertson, C. G.] Northboro Res & Dev Ctr, Northborough, MA 01532 USA.
[Vukmir, M. K.; Epps, T. H., III] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem Engn, Colburn Lab, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
RP Roland, CM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM mike.roland@nrl.navy.mil
RI Epps, Thomas/B-7337-2012; He, Yong/F-8752-2012; Robertson,
Christopher/J-1812-2012
OI Robertson, Christopher/0000-0002-4217-5429
FU Naval Research Laboratory; Delaware Biotechnology Institute
FX The work at the Naval Research Laboratory was supported by the Office of
Naval Research. We thank David Owen (NSWC-Carderock) for preparing the
polyurea, Howard Schrader (NRL) for assistance with the high strain rate
experiments, and Radoslav Bogoslovov (NRL) for useful comments. The
Rigaku X-ray scattering instrument at the University of Delaware was
purchased with funding from the Delaware Biotechnology Institute. We
also thank Anton-Paar, USA (Reinhard Eberl, Gerd Langenbucher, Daniel
Sanborn, Prajakta Kamerkar, and James Eickhoff), for on-site loan of the
MCR-301 rheometer and Holly Ricks-Laskoski; (NRL), Manoj Kolel-Veetil
(NRL), and Jack Douglas (NIST) for helpful discussions.
NR 59
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 31
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD OCT 28
PY 2008
VL 41
IS 20
BP 7543
EP 7548
DI 10.1021/ma8011009
PG 6
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 363GM
UT WOS:000260255800043
ER
PT J
AU Fejer, BG
Jensen, JW
Su, SY
AF Fejer, Bela G.
Jensen, John W.
Su, Shin-Yi
TI Seasonal and longitudinal dependence of equatorial disturbance vertical
plasma drifts
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ZONAL ELECTRIC-FIELDS; GREAT MAGNETIC STORM; LOW LATITUDES; IONOSPHERE;
DYNAMO; ELECTRODYNAMICS; SATELLITE; ROCSAT-1; MODEL
AB We used equatorial measurements from the ROCSAT-1 satellite to determine the seasonal and longitudinal dependent equatorial F region disturbance vertical plasma drifts. Following sudden increases in geomagnetic activity, the prompt penetration vertical drifts are upward during the day and downward at night, and have strong local time dependence at all seasons. The largest prompt penetration drifts near dusk and dawn occur during June solstice. The daytime disturbance dynamo drifts are small at all seasons. They are downward near dusk with largest (smallest) values during equinox (June solstice); the nighttime drifts are upward with the largest magnitudes in the postmidnight sector during December solstice. During equinox, the downward disturbance dynamo drifts near sunset are largest in the eastern hemisphere, while the late night upward drifts are largest in the western hemisphere. The longitudinal dependence of the disturbance dynamo drifts is in good agreement with results from simulation studies. Citation: Fejer, B. G., J. W. Jensen, and S.-Y. Su (2008), Seasonal and longitudinal dependence of equatorial disturbance vertical plasma drifts, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L20106, doi: 10.1029/2008GL035584.
C1 [Fejer, Bela G.; Jensen, John W.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Atmospher & Space Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Su, Shin-Yi] Natl Cent Univ, Inst Space Sci, Chungli 32054, Taiwan.
[Su, Shin-Yi] Natl Cent Univ, Ctr Space & Remote Sensing Res, Chungli 32054, Taiwan.
[Jensen, John W.] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA USA.
RP Fejer, BG (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Ctr Atmospher & Space Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM bfejer@cc.usu.edu
FU NASA Living With a Star (LWS) Program [NNX06AC44G]; National Science
Foundation [ATM-0534038]; ROC NSC [93-NSPO(B)-IPEI-FA07-01,
NSC93-211-M008-023-APS]
FX We thank N. Chapagain for help with the data. The work at Utah State was
supported by the NASA Living With a Star (LWS) Program through grant
NNX06AC44G, and by the Aeronomy Program of the National Science
Foundation through grant ATM-0534038. The ROCSAT-1 data was processed
under grant 93-NSPO(B)-IPEI-FA07-01 and S-Y. Su was supported by the ROC
NSC grant NSC93-211-M008-023-APS.
NR 29
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD OCT 25
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 20
AR L20106
DI 10.1029/2008GL035584
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 365GX
UT WOS:000260395000006
ER
PT J
AU Moore, RW
Martius, O
Davies, HC
AF Moore, R. W.
Martius, O.
Davies, H. C.
TI Downstream development and Kona low genesis
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SUBTROPICAL CYCLOGENESIS; PACIFIC-OCEAN; PRECIPITATION; CLIMATOLOGY;
CYCLONE; AFRICA
AB A composite analysis of 43 Kona lows in conjunction with a case study of a particularly damaging Kona low indicate that downstream development is dynamically important to the subtropical cyclogenesis. It takes the form of eastward propagating, statistically significant upstream potential vorticity (PV) anomalies with accompanying meridional wind anomalies at the tropopause level prior to the formation of a Kona low. The downstream development culminates in the formation of a PV streamer, a meridionally-elongated stratospheric intrusion of high PV air into the troposphere, associated with a breaking wave on the dynamical tropopause. Subsequently, the streamer 'cuts off' from the stratospheric reservoir of high PV and translates equatorward, thereby providing a necessary dynamical forcing for the subtropical surface cyclogenesis. Citation: Moore, R. W., O. Martius, and H. C. Davies (2008), Downstream development and Kona low genesis, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L20814, doi: 10.1029/2008GL035502.
C1 [Moore, R. W.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Martius, O.; Davies, H. C.] ETH, Inst Atmospher & Climate Sci, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
RP Moore, RW (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, 589 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM rwmoor1@nps.edu
OI Martius, Olivia/0000-0002-8645-4702
FU ERA-40; NCCR
FX The authors would like to thank S. Businger for drawing our attention
to, and for making the original connection between, PV streamers and
Kona low events, Michael Graf for his preliminary work on the project,
Meteoswiss for providing access to ERA-40 data and NCCR for project
funding.
NR 16
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD OCT 23
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 20
AR L20814
DI 10.1029/2008GL035502
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 365GR
UT WOS:000260394400006
ER
PT J
AU Kara, AB
Wallcraft, AJ
Barron, CN
Hurlburt, HE
Bourassa, MA
AF Kara, A. B.
Wallcraft, A. J.
Barron, C. N.
Hurlburt, H. E.
Bourassa, M. A.
TI Accuracy of 10 m winds from satellites and NWP products near land-sea
boundaries
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID LAYER; PARAMETERIZATION; SURFACE; WAVES; FLUX
AB Through a comprehensive analysis, reliability of 10 m wind speeds is presented near the land-sea boundaries over the global ocean. Winds from three numerical weather prediction (NWP) centers and two satellite-based products are analyzed. NWP products are 1.875 degrees x 1.875 degrees National Center Environmental Prediction reanalyses, 1.125 degrees x 1.125 degrees European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts 40-year Reanalysis (ERA-40), and 1.0 degrees x 1.0 degrees Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS) operational product. These are compared to much finer resolution (0.25 degrees x 0.25 degrees) satellite winds, Quick Scatterometer (QSCAT) and Special Sensor Microwave/Imager. Large biases (e. g., >3 m s(-1)) may exist in NWP products near the land-sea boundaries, because wind speeds from the uniformly gridded global fields are generally at a spatial scale too coarse to appropriately define the contrast between water and land grid points. This so-called land contamination of ocean-only winds varies, and typically depends on the extent of the land-sea mask. A creeping sea-fill methodology is introduced to reduce errors in winds. It is based on the elimination of land-corrupted NWP grid points and replacement by adjacent, purely over-ocean values. In comparison to winds from many moored buoys, the methodology diminishes RMS errors (from >4 m s(-1) to <1 m s(-1)) for NOGAPS and ERA-40. The creeping sea-fill is not advised for NCEP winds which have low contrast between land and sea points, thereby resulting in little impact from the land contamination.
C1 [Kara, A. B.; Wallcraft, A. J.; Barron, C. N.; Hurlburt, H. E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[Bourassa, M. A.] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Bourassa, M. A.] Florida State Univ, Dept Meteorol, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
RP Kara, AB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Code 7320,Bldg 1009, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM birol.kara@nrlssc.navy.mil
RI Barron, Charlie/C-1451-2008
FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); Global Remote Littoral Forcing via
DeepWater Pathways; HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model and Advanced Data
Assimilation; NSF
FX This work is funded by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) under the 6.1
project, Global Remote Littoral Forcing via DeepWater Pathways and the
6.2 project, HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model and Advanced Data
Assimilation. M. A. Bourassa's participation is funded by NSF. The help
of J. Metzger and J. Dastugue is appreciated. The two reviewers are
greatly acknowledged for their constructive comments and suggestions.
This paper is contribution NRL/JA/7320/08/8169 and has been approved for
public release.
NR 22
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD OCT 22
PY 2008
VL 113
IS C10
AR C10020
DI 10.1029/2007JC004516
PG 17
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 365FZ
UT WOS:000260392600001
ER
PT J
AU Campbell, JR
Sassen, K
AF Campbell, James R.
Sassen, Kenneth
TI Polar stratospheric clouds at the South Pole from 5 years of continuous
lidar data: Macrophysical, optical, and thermodynamic properties
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Review
ID REACTIVE UPTAKE COEFFICIENTS; ANTARCTIC OZONE; MICROPULSE LIDAR; AEROSOL
LAYER; NITRIC-ACID; AIRBORNE LIDAR; SULFURIC-ACID; ARCTIC STRATOSPHERE;
DUMONT-DURVILLE; GRAVITY-WAVES
AB An eye-safe micropulse lidar (MPL; 0.523 mm) has operated at the Scott-Amundsen South Pole Station, Antarctica, since December 1999 to collect continuous long-term measurements of polar clouds. A 5-year data subset is presented here to describe macrophysical, optical, and thermodynamic properties of polar stratospheric clouds (PSC) in austral winters 2000 and 2003-2006. PSC cloud occurrence is examined relative to seasonal temperature and theoretical chemical structure. A linear relationship is established with high correlation between total integrated PSC scattering and ozone loss for 2000 and 2003-2005 when springtime overturning of the air mass occurred nominally. In 2006, ozone-depleted air persisted over the South Pole through the end of December. In this case, overturning of the air mass was limited temporally by vortex-related mechanisms, and any correlation with PSC occurrence was eliminated. PSC formed near and above 18.0 km above mean sea level (MSL) in late May and early June likely influence clouds formed at lower heights later in the season from sedimentation, evaporation/sublimation, and repartitioning of nitrogen and water vapor in the air mass bounded by the dynamic polar vortex. Conceptual profiles for seasonal PSC occurrence and thermal structure are described. PSC are common to near and above 20.0 km MSL through June. After this, they are most frequent near 15.0 km MSL through August.
C1 [Sassen, Kenneth] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Atmospher Sci Res Grp, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Campbell, JR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, UCAR Visiting Scientist Program, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM jamesc@ucar.edu
RI Campbell, James/C-4884-2012
OI Campbell, James/0000-0003-0251-4550
FU NASA; National Science Foundation (NSF) [ATM-0630506]
FX The MPLNET project is funded through the NASA Earth Observing System and
the NASA Atmospheric Radiation Sciences program. This research was
supported, in part, by a grant from the National Science Foundation (NSF
ATM-0630506). The comments and encouragement of R. L. Collins are
gratefully acknowledged. The authors thank E. J. Welton, J. D.
Spinhirne, T. A. Berkoff, S. Valencia, S. Stewart, and L. Belcher for
their support of the South Pole MPL at the NASA Goddard Space Flight
Center. Author J. C. also thanks E. G. Dutton and B. Vasel at the NOAA
Earth Systems Research Laboratory for their continuing support of the
experiment, as well as the many NOAA technicians who have and continue
to maintain the instrument on site at the South Pole.
NR 102
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 4
U2 9
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD OCT 21
PY 2008
VL 113
IS D20
AR D20204
DI 10.1029/2007JD009680
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 365GE
UT WOS:000260393100002
ER
PT J
AU Doschek, GA
Warren, HP
Mariska, JT
Muglach, K
Culhane, JL
Hara, H
Watanabe, T
AF Doschek, G. A.
Warren, H. P.
Mariska, J. T.
Muglach, K.
Culhane, J. L.
Hara, H.
Watanabe, T.
TI FLOWS AND NONTHERMAL VELOCITIES IN SOLAR ACTIVE REGIONS OBSERVED WITH
THE EUV IMAGING SPECTROMETER ON HINODE: A TRACER OF ACTIVE REGION
SOURCES OF HELIOSPHERIC MAGNETIC FIELDS?
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun: activity; Sun: corona; Sun: UV radiation
ID EMISSION-LINE PROFILES; TRANSITION REGION; QUIET-SUN; DOPPLER SHIFTS;
SUMER OBSERVATIONS; CORONAL HOLE; WIND; WIDTHS; INTENSITIES; MECHANISMS
AB From Doppler velocity maps of active regions constructed from spectra obtained by the EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) on the Hinode spacecraft we observe large areas of outflow (20-50 km s(-1)) that can persist for at least a day. These outflows occur in areas of active regions that are faint in coronal spectral lines formed at typical quiet-Sun and active region temperatures. The outflows are positively correlated with nonthermal velocities in coronal plasmas. The bulk mass motions and nonthermal velocities are derived from spectral line centroids and line widths, mostly from a strong line of Fe XII at 195.12 angstrom. The electron temperature of the outflow regions estimated from an Fe XIII to Fe XII line intensity ratio is about (1.2-1.4) x 10(6) K. The electron density of the outflow regions derived from a density-sensitive intensity ratio of Fe XII lines is rather low for an active region. Most regions average around 7 x 10(8) cm(-3), but there are variations on pixel spatial scales of about a factor of 4. We discuss results in detail for two active regions observed by EIS. Images of active regions in line intensity, line width, and line centroid are obtained by rastering the regions. We also discuss data from the active regions obtained from other orbiting spacecraft that support the conclusions obtained from analysis of the EIS spectra. The locations of the flows in the active regions with respect to the longitudinal photospheric magnetic fields suggest that these regions might be tracers of long loops and/or open magnetic fields that extend into the heliosphere, and thus the flows could possibly contribute significantly to the solar wind.
C1 [Doschek, G. A.; Warren, H. P.; Mariska, J. T.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Muglach, K.] ARTEP Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA.
[Culhane, J. L.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England.
[Hara, H.; Watanabe, T.] Natl Astron Observ, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan.
RP Doschek, GA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM george.doschek@nrl.navy.mil
FU JAXA; NAOJ; STFC; NASA; ESA (European Space Agency); NSC (Norway);
ONR/NRL
FX Hinode is a Japanese mission developed and launched by ISAS/JAXA,
collaborating with NAOJ as domestic partner, and NASA (USA) and STFC
(UK) as international partners. Scientific operation of the Hinode
mission is conducted by the Hinode science team organized at ISAS/JAXA.
This team mainly consists of scientists from institutes in the partner
countries. Support for the postlaunch operation is provided by JAXA and
NAOJ, STFC, NASA, ESA (European Space Agency), and NSC (Norway). We are
grateful to the Hinode team for all their efforts in the design,
construction, and operation of the mission. The authors acknowledge
support from the NASA Hinode program and from ONR/NRL 6.1 basic research
funds.
NR 35
TC 100
Z9 100
U1 0
U2 5
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD OCT 20
PY 2008
VL 686
IS 2
BP 1362
EP 1371
DI 10.1086/591724
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 364YB
UT WOS:000260370500046
ER
PT J
AU Warren, HP
Ugarte-Urra, I
Doschek, GA
Brooks, DH
Williams, DR
AF Warren, Harry P.
Ugarte-Urra, Ignacio
Doschek, George A.
Brooks, David H.
Williams, David R.
TI OBSERVATIONS OF ACTIVE REGION LOOPS WITH THE EUV IMAGING SPECTROMETER ON
HINODE
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun: corona
ID CORONAL DIAGNOSTIC SPECTROMETER; TRACE OBSERVATIONS; THERMAL STRUCTURE;
EMISSION-LINES; EXPLORER; TEMPERATURE; CHIANTI
AB Previous solar observations have shown that coronal loops near 1 MK are difficult to reconcile with simple heating models. These loops have lifetimes that are long relative to a radiative cooling time, suggesting quasi-steady heating. The electron densities in these loops, however, are too high to be consistent with thermodynamic equilibrium. Models proposed to explain these properties generally rely on the existence of smaller scale filaments within the loop that are in various stages of heating and cooling. Such a framework implies that there should be a distribution of temperatures within a coronal loop. In this paper we analyze new observations from the EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) on Hinode. EIS is capable of observing active regions over a wide range of temperatures (Fe VIII-Fe XVII) at relatively high spatial resolution (1 ''). We find that most isolated coronal loops that are bright in Fe XII generally have very narrow temperature distributions (sigma(T) less than or similar to 3 x 10(5) K), but are not isothermal. 5 We also derive volumetric filling factors in these loops of approximately 10%. Both results lend support to the filament models.
C1 [Warren, Harry P.; Ugarte-Urra, Ignacio; Doschek, George A.; Brooks, David H.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Ugarte-Urra, Ignacio; Brooks, David H.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Williams, David R.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England.
RP Warren, HP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RI Ugarte-Urra, Ignacio/B-1241-2009; Williams, David/E-6676-2011;
OI Williams, David/0000-0001-9922-8117; Ugarte-Urra,
Ignacio/0000-0001-5503-0491
FU NASA; Office of Naval Research/Naval Research Laboratory
FX The authors would like to thank Yuan-Kuen Ko for assistance with the
MCMC DEM analysis. Hinode is a Japanese mission developed and launched
by ISAS/JAXA, with NAOJ as domestic partner and NASA and STFC (UK) as
international partners. It is operated by these agencies in cooperation
with ESA and NSC (Norway). This work was supported by NASA and the
Office of Naval Research/Naval Research Laboratory basic research
program.
NR 20
TC 63
Z9 63
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD OCT 20
PY 2008
VL 686
IS 2
BP L131
EP L134
DI 10.1086/592960
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 398KR
UT WOS:000262731500021
ER
PT J
AU Gomez, D
Gonzalez-Aranguena, E
Manuel, C
Owen, G
AF Gomez, D.
Gonzalez-Arangueena, E.
Manuel, C.
Owen, G.
TI A value for generalized probabilistic communication situations
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE game theory; TU games; graph restricted games; Myerson value
ID GAMES; NETWORKS
AB We introduce in this work an extension of the model of games with probabilistic graphs arising in Calvo et al. (1999, Math. Soc. Sci. 3 7, 79), which itself generalizes the one developed by Myerson (1977, Math. of Oper. Res. 2, 225) for games with communications restrictions. In the first of these models, each pair of nodes has a given probability of direct communication. In this paper a more general setting is considered: we suppose that a probability distribution over the set of all possible communication networks among the players is given. A generalization of the Myerson value is defined and characterized in this context. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gomez, D.; Gonzalez-Arangueena, E.; Manuel, C.] Univ Complutense Madrid, Escuela Univ Estadist, Dept Estadist & IO 3, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
[Owen, G.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Gomez, D (reprint author), Univ Complutense Madrid, Escuela Univ Estadist, Dept Estadist & IO 3, Av Puerta Hierro S-N, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
EM dagomez@estad.ucm.es; egaran@estad.ucm.es; conrado@estad.ucm.es;
gowen@math.nps.navy
RI Gomez, Daniel/G-1586-2010; Manuel, Conrado/I-1958-2015;
Gonzalez-Aranguena, Enrique/L-8359-2014
OI Gomez, Daniel/0000-0001-9548-5781;
NR 14
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-2217
J9 EUR J OPER RES
JI Eur. J. Oper. Res.
PD OCT 16
PY 2008
VL 190
IS 2
BP 539
EP 556
DI 10.1016/j.ejor.2007.06.040
PG 18
WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science
SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science
GA 300JI
UT WOS:000255819700016
ER
PT J
AU Kim, YJ
Giraldo, FX
Flatau, M
Liou, CS
Peng, MS
AF Kim, Young-Joon
Giraldo, Francis X.
Flatau, Maria
Liou, Chi-Sann
Peng, Melinda S.
TI A sensitivity study of the Kelvin wave and the Madden-Julian Oscillation
in aquaplanet simulations by the Naval Research Laboratory Spectral
Element Atmospheric Model
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID SEMIIMPLICIT TIME-INTEGRATORS; EQUATORIAL WAVES; DYNAMICAL CORE;
CONVECTION; PARAMETERIZATION; TEMPERATURE; RESOLUTION; RAINFALL;
PROJECT; CLOUDS
AB The dynamical core of the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Spectral Element Atmospheric Model (NSEAM) is coupled with full physics and used to investigate the organization and propagation of equatorial atmospheric waves under the aquaplanet conditions. The sensitivity of the model simulation to the amount of horizontal viscosity, distribution of the vertical levels, and selected details of the precipitation physics is examined and discussed mainly utilizing simulated convective precipitation with the aid of time-longitude plots and the spectral diagrams designed by Wheeler and Kiladis (1999). It is shown that the simulation of the Kelvin wave and Madden-Julian Oscillation depends strongly on the details of the vertical level distribution and the choice of parameters in the convective parameterization. Efforts are made to calibrate the new model to capture the essential interaction between the dynamics and physics of the atmosphere. The speed and spectrum of the eastward propagating Kelvin waves and the signature of the Madden-Julian Oscillation simulated by the new model reveal main features similar to those predicted by the simplified theory and found in limited observations. This study attempts to understand the significant variability found among the aquaplanet simulations by various global atmospheric models and highlights the uncertainties concerning convective processes and their coupling to large-scale wave motion in large-scale models of the atmosphere.
C1 [Kim, Young-Joon; Flatau, Maria; Liou, Chi-Sann; Peng, Melinda S.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Giraldo, Francis X.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Kim, YJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM yj.kim@nrlmry.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research [0602435N, 0601153N]; Naval Research
Laboratory, Monterey; DoD NAVO MSRC (Naval Oceanographic Office Major
Shared Resource Center)
FX The support from the sponsor, the Office of Naval Research, under ONR
Program Elements 0602435N and 0601153N is acknowledged. Comments from R.
Hodur and discussions with T. Hogan and J. Ridout are appreciated. The
comprehensive comments from the anonymous reviewers were very
constructive and useful. The computing time was provided jointly by the
Naval Research Laboratory, Monterey, and the DoD NAVO MSRC (Naval
Oceanographic Office Major Shared Resource Center) via the HPC program.
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD OCT 16
PY 2008
VL 113
IS D20
AR D20102
DI 10.1029/2008JD009887
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 362DJ
UT WOS:000260178100003
ER
PT J
AU Brunetti, G
Giacintucci, S
Cassano, R
Lane, W
Dallacasa, D
Venturi, T
Kassim, NE
Setti, G
Cotton, WD
Markevitch, M
AF Brunetti, G.
Giacintucci, S.
Cassano, R.
Lane, W.
Dallacasa, D.
Venturi, T.
Kassim, N. E.
Setti, G.
Cotton, W. D.
Markevitch, M.
TI A low-frequency radio halo associated with a cluster of galaxies
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-EMISSION; COMA CLUSTER; ALFVENIC REACCELERATION; PARTICLE
REACCELERATION; RELATIVISTIC-PARTICLES; COSMIC-RAYS; SKY SURVEY;
GAMMA-RAY; ELECTRONS; ORIGIN
AB Clusters of galaxies are the largest gravitationally bound objects in the Universe, containing about 10(15) solar masses of hot (10(8) K) gas, galaxies and dark matter in a typical volume of 10 Mpc(3). Magnetic fields and relativistic particles are mixed with the gas as revealed by giant 'radio haloes', which arise from diffuse, megaparsec- scale synchrotron radiation at cluster centre(1,2). Radio haloes require that the emitting electrons are accelerated in situ ( by turbulence)(3-6), or are injected ( as secondary particles) by proton collisions into the intergalactic medium(7-10). They are found only in a fraction of massive clusters that have complex dynamics(11-14), which suggests a connection between these mechanisms and cluster mergers. Here we report a radio halo at low frequencies associated with the merging cluster Abell 521. This halo has an extremely steep radio spectrum, which implies a high frequency cut- off; this makes the halo difficult to detect with observations at 1.4 GHz ( the frequency at which all other known radio haloes have been best studied). The spectrum of the halo is inconsistent with a secondary origin of the relativistic electrons, but instead supports turbulent acceleration, which suggests that many radio haloes in the Universe should emit mainly at low frequencies.
C1 [Brunetti, G.; Giacintucci, S.; Cassano, R.; Venturi, T.; Setti, G.] Ist Radioastron, INAF, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
[Giacintucci, S.; Markevitch, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Lane, W.; Kassim, N. E.] USN, Res Lab, Code 7213, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Dallacasa, D.; Setti, G.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
[Cotton, W. D.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
RP Brunetti, G (reprint author), Ist Radioastron, INAF, Via P Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
EM brunetti@ira.inaf.it
OI Cassano, Rossella/0000-0003-4046-0637; Venturi,
Tiziana/0000-0002-8476-6307; Brunetti, Gianfranco/0000-0003-4195-8613
FU PRIN-INAF; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; US Naval
Research Laboratory; National Radio Astronomy Observatory; 6.1 base
funding; [ASI-INAFI/088/06/0]
FX We acknowledge partial support from ASI-INAFI/088/06/0 and PRIN-INAF
2007. G.B. and R.C. acknowledge the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for
Astrophysics, the US Naval Research Laboratory and the National Radio
Astronomy Observatory for hospitality and partial support during the
preparation of the manuscript. Basic research in radio astronomy at the
Naval Research Laboratory is supported by 6.1 base funding. The National
Radio Astronomy Observatory is operated by Associated Universities,
Inc., under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation.
We thank R. Athreya and the staff of the GMRT for their helping during
the observations. The GMRT is run by the National Centre for Radio
Astrophysics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research.
NR 30
TC 112
Z9 112
U1 1
U2 2
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD OCT 16
PY 2008
VL 455
IS 7215
BP 944
EP 947
DI 10.1038/nature07379
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 360DW
UT WOS:000260038300044
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, GP
Taitt, CR
AF Anderson, George P.
Taitt, Chris R.
TI Amplification of microsphere-based microarrays using catalyzed reporter
deposition
SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE catalyzed reporter deposition (CARD); tyramide signal amplification
(TSA); cholera toxin; staphylococcal enterotoxin B; amplification;
sensitivity; Luminex
ID TYRAMIDE SIGNAL AMPLIFICATION; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; FLUORESCENCE;
AGENTS; TSA
AB Assay sensitivities using three fluorescent signal generation schemes were evaluated on the Luminex flow cytometer. Following microsphere capture of antigen by immobilized antibodies, bound targets were quantified by use of (I) Cy3-labeled "tracer" antibodies (30 min total time), (2) biotinylated tracers followed by streptavidin-R-phycoerythrin (60 min total time). or (3) biotinylated tracers followed by avidin-peroxidase conjugates and tyramide signal amplification (TSA; 90 min total time). Use of TSA for signal generation in three individual toxin assays improved performance up to 100-fold over Cy3-antibody-based detection, and while streptavidin-R-phycoerythrin provided equivalent sensitivities, TSA produced dramatic increases at low concentrations simplifying positive sample identification. Detection limits for TSA-interrogated assays for ricin. cholera toxin, and staphylococcal enterotoxin B were 64 pg/ml, 4 pg/ml, and 0.1 ng/ml, respectively, using optimized conjugates: analogous detection limits for Cy3-antibody-interrogated assays were 8 ng/ml, 1 ng/ml, and I ng/ml. respectively. No improvement was observed in botulinum toxoid A assays when TSA amplification was used. As unique preferences for specific avid in-peroxidase conjugates were observed in the individual assays, improvements in multiplexed assays utilizing a single conjugate were significantly lower (3-10-fold improvements). Furthermore. increases in variability resulted in poorer performance of TSA-interrogated assays for botulinum toxoid, indicating that assay-specific optimization should be performed, especially prior to multiplexing. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Anderson, George P.; Taitt, Chris R.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Taitt, CR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM chris.taitt@nrl.navy.mil
RI Anderson, George/D-2461-2011
OI Anderson, George/0000-0001-7545-9893
FU Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological
Defense/Defense Threat Reduction Agency [8.10016_07_NRL_B]
FX This work was supported by Joint Science and Technology Office for
Chemical and Biological Defense/Defense Threat Reduction Agency Project
#8.10016_07_NRL_B. The views expressed here are those of the authors and
do not represent those of the US Government, the US Department of
Defense, or the US Navy.
NR 16
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
PI OXFORD
PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON,
OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0956-5663
J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON
JI Biosens. Bioelectron.
PD OCT 15
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 2
BP 324
EP 328
DI 10.1016/j.bios.2008.03.045
PG 5
WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical;
Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry;
Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 355MB
UT WOS:000259711900025
PM 18485692
ER
PT J
AU Riddle, MS
Arnold, S
Tribble, DR
AF Riddle, Mark S.
Arnold, Sarah
Tribble, David R.
TI Effect of adjunctive loperamide in combination with antibiotics on
treatment outcomes in traveler's diarrhea: A systematic review and
meta-analysis
SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Review
ID STATES MILITARY PERSONNEL; PLUS LOPERAMIDE; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL;
CLINICAL-TRIALS; CIPROFLOXACIN; AZITHROMYCIN; THAILAND;
SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; TRIMETHOPRIM; LEVOFLOXACIN
AB Background. A previous Cochrane Collaboration review established an effective advantage of antibiotic therapy, compared with placebo, for treatment of traveler's diarrhea. The goal of the present study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature to establish the effect on treatment outcomes of using antimotility agents in conjunction with antibiotic therapy.
Methods. The meta-analysis was conducted through searches of electronic databases and pertinent reference lists ( including other review articles) and consultation with experts in the field. Clinical trials on therapy of infectious diarrhea in adult populations that met eligibility criteria were studied. Data were extracted and verified by 2 independent investigators and were analyzed for outcomes of clinical cure at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h and time to last unformed stool. Study quality, heterogeneity, and publication bias were assessed. When appropriate, effect estimates among studies were pooled and sensitivity analyses were performed.
Results. Nine studies consisting of 12 different adjunctive loperamide antibiotic regimens were included for analysis. Among 6 paired studies comparing antibiotics alone versus antibiotics in combination with loperamide, the odds of clinical cure at 24 h and 48 h favored combination therapy, with summary odds ratios of 2.6 (95% confidence interval, 1.8-3.6;, P = .20, by X(2) heterogeneity statistic) and 2.2 ( 95% confidence interval, 1.5-3.1; Pp. 20, by x 2 heterogeneity statistic), respectively, with no evidence of heterogeneity. Factors that possibly affect Pp. 20 advantage of combination therapy over solo therapy included increased frequency of pretreatment diarrhea and higher prevalence of noninvasive pathogens.
Conclusion. Antibiotic therapy with adjunctive loperamide offers an advantage over antibiotics alone by decreasing the illness duration and increasing the probability of early clinical cure.
C1 [Riddle, Mark S.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20817 USA.
[Arnold, Sarah; Tribble, David R.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
RP Riddle, MS (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20817 USA.
EM mark.riddle@med.navy.mil
RI Riddle, Mark/A-8029-2011
NR 34
TC 35
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1058-4838
J9 CLIN INFECT DIS
JI Clin. Infect. Dis.
PD OCT 15
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 8
BP 1007
EP 1014
DI 10.1086/591703
PG 8
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 349XA
UT WOS:000259315400004
PM 18781873
ER
PT J
AU Gump, JC
Peiris, SM
AF Gump, Jared C.
Peiris, Suhithi M.
TI Phase transitions and isothermal equations of state of epsilon
hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20)
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMAL-STABILITY; POLYMORPHS
AB The phase stability of epsilon hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane at high pressure and temperature was investigated using synchrotron angle-dispersive x-ray diffraction experiments. The samples were compressed at room temperature using a Merrill-Bassett diamond anvil cell. For high-temperature compression experiments a hydrothermal diamond anvil cell developed by Bassett was used. Pressures and temperatures of around 5 GPa and 175 degrees C, respectively, were achieved. The epsilon phase was determined to be stable under ambient pressure to a temperature of 120 degrees C. A phase transition to the gamma phase was seen at 125 degrees C and the gamma phase remained stable until thermal decomposition above 150 degrees C. Pressure-volume data for the epsilon phase at ambient and 75 degrees C were fitted to the Birch-Murnaghan formalism to obtain isothermal equations of state.
C1 [Gump, Jared C.; Peiris, Suhithi M.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
RP Gump, JC (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
EM jared.gump@navy.mil
FU Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS); National Science
Foundation; National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General
Medical Sciences [DMR-0225180]
FX This work is based on the research conducted at the Cornell High Energy
Synchrotron Source (CHESS). CHESS is supported by the National Science
Foundation and the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of
General Medical Sciences under Award No. DMR-0225180.
NR 16
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 14
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD OCT 15
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 8
AR 083509
DI 10.1063/1.2990066
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 367SG
UT WOS:000260572100026
ER
PT J
AU Woods, GT
Sanders, J
Kolesnik, S
Maxwell, T
Srikanth, H
Dabrowski, B
Osofsky, MS
Soulen, RJ
AF Woods, G. T.
Sanders, J.
Kolesnik, S.
Maxwell, T.
Srikanth, H.
Dabrowski, B.
Osofsky, M. S.
Soulen, R. J., Jr.
TI Measurement of the transport spin polarization of doped strontium
ruthenates using point contact Andreev reflection
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID THIN-FILMS; SRRUO3; TRANSITION; METAL
AB Electrical conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, and point contact Andreev reflection (PCAR) studies were done on bulk, polycrystalline SrRu(1-x)(TM)(x)O(3) (TM = Cr, Mn, Ti) and SrRu(0.92)O(3) with a high degree of disorder. Fits of the temperature dependence of the latter using the Curie-Weiss law yielded values for the Curie-Weiss temperature, Theta. Furthermore, the values of the Curie temperature, T(C) were identified by determining the maximum susceptibility as a function of temperature. PCAR measurements were done to determine the transport spin polarization, P(t) (0 <= P(t) <= 1.0). Pure SrRuO(3) undergoes ferromagnetic ordering at a Curie temperature of T(C) similar to 160 K and has a relatively high spin polarization (similar to 0.6). Our results indicate that when the lattice is disordered from either the presence of Ru lattice site defects or the substitution of a transition metal for the Ru, T(C) changes by a factor of 2, and Theta by a factor of 1.7. By contrast, the spin polarization is unchanged for both SrRu(0.94)Ti(0.06)O(3) and SrRu(0.9)Mn(0.1)O(3), while it is barely changed (P = 0.5) for SrRu(0.9)Cr(0.1)O(3). (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2996027]
C1 [Woods, G. T.; Sanders, J.; Srikanth, H.] Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[Kolesnik, S.; Maxwell, T.; Dabrowski, B.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA.
[Osofsky, M. S.; Soulen, R. J., Jr.] USN, Res Lab Code 6361, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Woods, GT (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
EM gwoods@cas.usf.edu
RI Osofsky, Michael/A-1050-2010
FU DOE BES [DE-FG02-07ER46438]; USF SKINS [DGE-0221681]; NSF [DMR-0302617]
FX The USF authors acknowledge support from DOE BES under Grant No.
DE-FG02-07ER46438. J.T.S. was a NSF IGERT fellow supported by the USF
SKINS project from Grant No. DGE-0221681. B. D. acknowledges support by
NSF under Grant No. DMR-0302617.
NR 25
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD OCT 15
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 8
AR 083701
DI 10.1063/1.2996027
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 367SG
UT WOS:000260572100045
ER
PT J
AU Yeates, LC
Houser, DS
AF Yeates, Laura C.
Houser, Dorian S.
TI Thermal tolerance in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE bottlenose dolphin; Tursiops truncatus; thermoregulation; energetics;
lower critical temperature
ID REPRODUCTIVE STATE; HEAT EXCHANGE; MORAY FIRTH; HABITAT USE; PATTERNS;
BLUBBER; COLD; TESTES; THERMOREGULATION; ABUNDANCE
AB Water and air temperature are potentially limiting factors to the pole-ward distributions of coastal bottlenose dolphins. This study assessed the lower critical temperature of captive bottlenose dolphins to air temperature (LCT(a)) and water temperature (LCT(w)) through the use of open flow respirometry. Five dolphins, ranging from 14 to 33 years of age and acclimated to the waters of the southern California coast (14.2-22.5 degrees C), were subjected to water temperatures ranging from 0.2 to 18.0 degrees C. Two of the animals were additionally subjected to air temperatures ranging from -2.4 to 17.8 degrees C while maintaining water temperature approximately 3 degrees C above their individual LCT(w). The LCT(w) ranged from 5.5 to 10.6 degrees C and generally decreased with increasing animal mass; for dolphins in excess of 187kg, the LCT(w) ranged from 5.5 to 5.7 degrees C. No LCT(a) could be determined across the range of air temperatures tested. Core body temperature remained within the limits of normal body temperatures reported for dolphins but demonstrated a direct relationship to water temperature in three subjects and varied across a range of 1.5 degrees C. Air and water temperature had a minimal synergistic effect on dolphin thermoregulation, i.e. water temperature exerted the predominant impact on thermoregulation. For dolphins in excess of 187 kg, water temperature alone would appear to be insufficient to limit the use of habitat north of current bottlenose dolphin ranges along the coastal United States. However, thermal impacts to smaller dolphins, in particular adolescents, neonates and accompanying females, may work in concert with other factors (e. g. prey distribution, predator avoidance, social interactions) to influence coastal residency patterns and population structure.
C1 [Yeates, Laura C.] USN, Marine Mammal Program, Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[Houser, Dorian S.] Biomimetica Santee, Santee, CA 92071 USA.
RP Yeates, LC (reprint author), USN, Marine Mammal Program, Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr, 53560 Hull St, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
EM yeates@biology.ucsc.edu
OI Houser, Dorian/0000-0002-0960-8528
FU Science Applications International Corporation
FX The authors wish to thank the veterinary staff of the US Navy Marine
Mammal Program, in particular, S. Cassle, N. Daugenbaugh, E. Jensen, S.
Johnson, B. Lutmerding, C. Smith, E. Alford, D. Smith, K. Carlin and V.
Cendejas. The project would not have been possible without the support
of animal training and husbandry staff from Science Applications
International Corporation. The following people were especially helpful
in the daily operations and logistics of the study: R. Dear, L. Green,
L. Lewis, J. Orr, R. Sadowsky, B. Swenberg, J. Bridger,
NR 57
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 3
U2 16
PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4DL,
CAMBS, ENGLAND
SN 0022-0949
J9 J EXP BIOL
JI J. Exp. Biol.
PD OCT 15
PY 2008
VL 211
IS 20
BP 3249
EP 3257
DI 10.1242/jeb.020610
PG 9
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 357SK
UT WOS:000259866400008
PM 18840658
ER
PT J
AU Murhandarwati, EEH
Black, CG
Wang, L
Weisman, S
de Koning-Ward, TF
Baird, JK
Tjitra, E
Richie, TL
Crabb, BS
Coppel, RL
AF Murhandarwati, E. Elsa Herdiana
Black, Casilda G.
Wang, Lina
Weisman, Simon
de Koning-Ward, Tania F.
Baird, J. Kevin
Tjitra, Emiliana
Richie, Thomas L.
Crabb, Brendan S.
Coppel, Ross L.
TI Acquisition of invasion-inhibitory antibodies specific for the 19-kDa
fragment of merozoite surface protein 1 in a transmigrant population
requires multiple infections
SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 11th International Congress of Parasitology (ICOPA XI)
CY AUG 06-11, 2006
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
SP British Soc Parasitol, World Federat Parasitologists
ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; C-TERMINAL FRAGMENT; CLINICAL IMMUNITY;
19-KILODALTON DOMAIN; GHANAIAN CHILDREN; SERUM ANTIBODIES; ENDEMIC AREA;
IN-VITRO; RESPONSES; PROTECTION
AB Antibodies against the 19 kDa C-terminal fragment of merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1(19)) are a major component of the invasion-inhibitory response in individuals immune to malaria. We report here the acquisition of MSP119-specific invasion-inhibitory antibodies in a group of transmigrants who experienced their sequential malaria infections during settlement in an area of Indonesia where malaria is highly endemic. We used 2 transgenic Plasmodium falciparum parasite lines that expressed either endogenous MSP119 or the homologous region from P. chabaudi to measure the MSP119-specific invasion-inhibitory antibodies. The results revealed that the acquisition of MSP119-specific invasion-inhibitory antibodies required 2 or more P. falciparum infections. In contrast, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays on the same serum samples showed that MSP1(19)-specific antibodies are present after the first malaria infection. This delay in the acquisition of functional antibodies by residents of areas where malaria is endemic is consistent with the observation that multiple malaria infections are required before clinical immunity is acquired.
C1 [Murhandarwati, E. Elsa Herdiana; Black, Casilda G.; Wang, Lina; Weisman, Simon; Coppel, Ross L.] Monash Univ, Dept Microbiol, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia.
[de Koning-Ward, Tania F.; Crabb, Brendan S.] Royal Melbourne Hosp, Walter & Eliza Hall Inst Med Res, Parkville, Vic 3050, Australia.
[Baird, J. Kevin] Eijkman Inst Mol Biol, Jakarta, Indonesia.
[Tjitra, Emiliana] Natl Inst Hlth Res & Dev, Minist Hlth, Jakarta, Indonesia.
[Richie, Thomas L.] USN, Malaria Program, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Coppel, RL (reprint author), Monash Univ, Dept Microbiol, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia.
EM ross.coppel@med.monash.edu.au
RI Richie, Thomas/A-8028-2011; Crabb, Brendan/F-5287-2013; Coppel,
Ross/A-6626-2008; Black, Casilda/B-1519-2008
OI Coppel, Ross/0000-0002-4476-9124; Richie, Thomas/0000-0002-2946-5456;
Black, Casilda/0000-0002-0424-4593
FU Howard Hughes Medical Institute; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-32094]
NR 30
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0022-1899
J9 J INFECT DIS
JI J. Infect. Dis.
PD OCT 15
PY 2008
VL 198
IS 8
BP 1212
EP 1218
DI 10.1086/591943
PG 7
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 358BQ
UT WOS:000259891800018
PM 18717639
ER
PT J
AU Lowy, DA
Tender, LM
AF Lowy, Daniel A.
Tender, Leonard M.
TI Harvesting energy from the marine sediment-water interface III. Kinetic
activity of quinone- and antimony-based anode materials
SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Microbial fuel cell; Kinetic activity; Power density; Tafel plots;
Modified graphite anodes; Antimony(V) complex
ID MICROBIAL FUEL-CELLS; SEA-FLOOR; GRAPHITE ELECTRODE; POWER; ALUMINUM;
BATTERY; PRETREATMENT
AB Benthic microbial fuel cells (BMFCs) consist of an anode imbedded in marine sediment, connected by an external circuit to a cathode in overlying water. Long-term power density of BMFCs is limited by mass transport of the anode reactants, the transport being attributed to natural processes, including diffusion, convention, and tidal pumping. In order to increase short-term power density of BMFCs and long-term power density of a more recently reported BMFC, which artificially augments mass transport of the anode reactants, new anode materials are reported here with faster kinetics for microbial reduction as compared to commonly used G10 graphite. Results indicate that the kinetic activities (KAs) of glassy carbon graphite with surface-confined anthraquinone-1,6-disulfonic acid (AQDS), graphite paste with an incorporated Sb(V) complex, and oxidized graphite, and oxidized graphite subsequently modified with AQDS is 1.9-218 times greater than the KA of plain G10 graphite. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lowy, Daniel A.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA.
[Tender, Leonard M.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Lowy, DA (reprint author), Nova Res Inc, 1900 Elkin St, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA.
EM Daniel.Lowy@nrl.navy.mil; Leonard.Tender@nrl.navy.mil
OI Lowy, Daniel/0000-0003-2210-6757
FU Naval Research Laboratory; Office of Naval Research; DARPA
FX This research was sponsored by the Naval Research Laboratory, Office of
Naval Research, and DARPA. Authors are indebted to ProfessorAdarn Heller
(University of Texas, Austin, TX) for his insightful opinion.
NR 26
TC 39
Z9 46
U1 7
U2 64
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-7753
J9 J POWER SOURCES
JI J. Power Sources
PD OCT 15
PY 2008
VL 185
IS 1
BP 70
EP 75
DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.06.079
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA 358HB
UT WOS:000259906600011
ER
PT J
AU Lau, KC
Turner, CH
Dunlap, BI
AF Lau, Kah Chun
Turner, C. Heath
Dunlap, Brett I.
TI Kinetic Monte Carlo simulation of the Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ)
fuel cell cathode
SO SOLID STATE IONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Zirconia; Kinetic Monte Carlo; Solid oxide fuel cell; YSZ
ID IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY; PLATINUM-ELECTRODES; THIN-FILMS; CONDUCTIVITY
RELAXATION; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; PT(111) SURFACE; OXYGEN-TRANSFER;
SYSTEM; ADSORPTION; MODEL
AB A Kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) model is developed to simulate non-symmetrically the cathode side of a Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) fuel cell, in order to translate experimental, and ultimately theoretical rates into an atomistic model of the cathode. The KMC model consists of a set of several electrochemical reaction rates, adopted from experiments and first-principles calculations. The KMC simulations are used to model these simultaneously occurring events, to determine potential limitations in cathode/YSZ performance. The focus of this work is ionic current density (J), studied as a function of various physical parameters: oxygen partial pressure (P(O2)), external applied bias voltage (V(ext)), temperature (T), dopant concentration (mol% Y(2)O(3)), relative permittivity (c(r)) of YSZ. and geometrical features of the YSZ electrolyte. This simple model can be used as a baseline to translate elementary chemical reaction rates into atomistic simulations of working solid oxide fuel cell cathodes, pertinent to the complete set of experimental operating conditions. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Dunlap, Brett I.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Lau, Kah Chun] George Washington Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
[Turner, C. Heath] Univ Alabama, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
RP Dunlap, BI (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6189, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM dunlap@nrl.navy.mil
RI Lau, Kah Chun/A-9348-2013;
OI Lau, Kah Chun/0000-0002-4925-3397; Dunlap, Brett/0000-0003-1356-6559
FU The Office of Naval Research
FX The Office of Naval Research, directly and through the Naval Research
Laboratory supported this research.
NR 52
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-2738
J9 SOLID STATE IONICS
JI Solid State Ion.
PD OCT 15
PY 2008
VL 179
IS 33-34
BP 1912
EP 1920
DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2008.05.009
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 386GR
UT WOS:000261870800013
ER
PT J
AU Pomfret, MB
Brown, DJ
Epshteyn, A
Purdy, AP
Owrutsky, JC
AF Pomfret, Michael B.
Brown, Douglas J.
Epshteyn, Albert
Purdy, Andrew P.
Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.
TI Electrochemical Template Deposition of Aluminum Nanorods Using Ionic
Liquids
SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID ENERGETIC MATERIALS; GOLD NANORODS; ELECTRODEPOSITION; NANOPARTICLES;
NANOWIRES; SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTROLYTE; MEMBRANE; ARRAYS; MODES
C1 [Pomfret, Michael B.; Epshteyn, Albert; Purdy, Andrew P.; Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Brown, Douglas J.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Owrutsky, JC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jeff.owrutsky@nrl.navy.mil
RI Owrutsky, Jeffrey/K-7649-2012
FU Office of Naval Research; National Research Council-Naval Research
Laboratory Postdoctoral Fellowship; U.S. Naval Academy
FX Support for this work was provided by the Office of Naval Research
through the Naval Research Laboratory. M.B.P. acknowledges the National
Research Council-Naval Research Laboratory Postdoctoral Fellowship
program. The authors acknowledge Neil Green and Alan Berry at NRL for
aid in experimental development, and Paul C. Trulove and Graham T. Cheek
at U.S. Naval Academy for helpful discussions.
NR 35
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 2
U2 33
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0897-4756
J9 CHEM MATER
JI Chem. Mat.
PD OCT 14
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 19
BP 5945
EP 5947
DI 10.1021/cm801983w
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 357UG
UT WOS:000259871500003
ER
PT J
AU Spillmann, CM
Konnert, JH
Deschamps, JR
Naciri, J
Ratna, BR
AF Spillmann, Christopher M.
Konnert, John H.
Deschamps, Jeffrey R.
Naciri, Jawad
Ratna, Banahalli R.
TI Molecular packing in electroclinic liquid crystal elastomer films
SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID AC PHASE-CHANGE; POLYMERS
AB The Structure and molecular Packing of ail electroclinic liquid crystal elastomer (ELCE) is examined using X-ray diffraction in all unstressed state, under mechanical load. and in the presence of electric fields of varying strength and opposing, polarity. A fully three-dimensional pattern of the unstressed elastomer is constructed revealing a detailed look into the molecular packing. Several expected features have been observed in the elastomer film, including well-ordered smectic layering, chevron formation under increasing mechanical load, and molecular reorientation accompanied by layer contraction in the presence of an electric field. Additional intralayer rearrangements related to the molecular switching in the presence of an electric field have also been observed. A model based oil periodic pair distribution functions is presented to explain the X-ray scattering observations under each of the tested conditions, starting with the observation that layer-related diffraction bands cannot simply be indexed as higher-order reflections. The model provides key insights toward a complete understanding of the molecular packing and origins of the electroclinic response in ail elastomeric system.
C1 [Konnert, John H.; Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Spillmann, Christopher M.; Naciri, Jawad; Ratna, Banahalli R.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Konnert, JH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM john.konnert@nr.navy.mil
OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010
FU Office of Naval Research
FX We thank the Office of Naval Research for funding Support.
NR 19
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0897-4756
J9 CHEM MATER
JI Chem. Mat.
PD OCT 14
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 19
BP 6130
EP 6139
DI 10.1021/cm801335j
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 357UG
UT WOS:000259871500026
ER
PT J
AU Zeng, Z
Wang, RH
Twamley, B
Parrish, DA
Shreeve, JM
AF Zeng, Zhuo
Wang, Ruihu
Twamley, Brendan
Parrish, Damon A.
Shreeve, Jean'ne M.
TI Polyamino-Substituted Guanyl-Triazole Dinitramide Salts with Extensive
Hydrogen Bonding: Synthesis and Properties as New Energetic Materials
SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; IONIC LIQUIDS; DERIVATIVES; ANION; DECOMPOSITION;
AMMONIUM; NITROGEN
AB A series of new energetic salts based on the polyamino-1-guanyl-triazole cation with three to five amino groups and the dinitramide anion were synthesized. These new nitrogen-rich salts tend to have extensive hydrogen bonding and exhibit high densities and thermal stabilities. The impact of multiple amino groups in the cation of the dinitramide salts was investigated. Their properties were modified by varying the guanyl substituents and/or the amino substituents on the triazole ring. On the basis of theoretical calculations, 3,5-diamino-1-uanyl-1,2,4-triazole dinitramide, 8, has higher detonation pressure and velocity values than the dinitramide energetic materials such as ammonium dinitramide (ADN), and N-guanylureadinitramide (FOX-12). The structures of salts 7-10 (where 7 is 3-amino-1-guanyl-1,2,4-triazole dinitramide, 8 is 3,5-diamino-1-guanyl-1,2,4-triazole dinitramide, 9 is 5-amino-N-amidino-1-guanyl-1,2,4-triazole dinitramide, and 10 is 3,5-diamino-N-amidino-1-guanyl-1.2,4-triazole dinitramide) were investigated using single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
C1 [Zeng, Zhuo; Wang, Ruihu; Twamley, Brendan; Shreeve, Jean'ne M.] Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Parrish, Damon A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Shreeve, JM (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
EM jshreeve@uidaho.edu
RI Wang, Ruihu/B-3399-2012
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [1-07-1-0024]; National Science
Foundation [CHE-0315275]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-06-1-1032]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the Defense Threat
Reduction Agency (1-07-1-0024), the National Science Foundation
(CHE-0315275), and the Office of Naval Research (N00014-06-1-1032). The
Bruker (Siemens) SMART APEX diffraction facility was established at the
University of Idaho with the assistance of the NSF-EPSCoR program and
the M. J. Murdock Charitable Trust, Vancouver. WA.
NR 54
TC 20
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 18
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0897-4756
EI 1520-5002
J9 CHEM MATER
JI Chem. Mat.
PD OCT 14
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 19
BP 6176
EP 6182
DI 10.1021/cm801679a
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 357UG
UT WOS:000259871500032
ER
PT J
AU Penta, B
Lee, Z
Kudela, RM
Palacios, SL
Gray, DJ
Jolliff, JK
Shulman, IG
AF Penta, Bradley
Lee, Zhongping
Kudela, Raphael M.
Palacios, Sherry L.
Gray, Deric J.
Jolliff, Jason K.
Shulman, Igor G.
TI An underwater light attenuation scheme for marine ecosystem models
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID PLANKTON DYNAMICS; UPWELLING SYSTEM; OCEANIC WATERS; MONTEREY BAY;
FIELD; ABSORPTION; PHYTOPLANKTON; VARIABILITY; IRRADIANCE; SCATTERING
AB Simulation of underwater light is essential for modeling marine ecosystems. A new model of underwater light attenuation is presented and compared with previous models. In situ data collected in Monterey Bay, CA. during September 2006 are used for validation. It is demonstrated that while the new light model is computationally simple and efficient it maintains accuracy and flexibility. When this light model is incorporated into an ecosystem model, the correlation between modeled and observed coastal chlorophyll is improved over an eight-year time period. While the simulation of a deep chlorophyll maximum demonstrates the effect of the new model at depth. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Penta, Bradley; Lee, Zhongping; Gray, Deric J.; Jolliff, Jason K.; Shulman, Igor G.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[Kudela, Raphael M.; Palacios, Sherry L.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Penta, B (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM penta@nrlssc.navy.mil
FU NRL BIOSPACE
FX This work was funded by the NRL BIOSPACE program. Thank you to Sergio
deRada and Stephanie Anderson for technical support and Paul Martinolich
for MODIS data processing. Alan Weidemann, Robert Arnone, Richard Gould,
and John Kindle provided insightful discussions during the development
and writing process. Many thanks also to Heather Penta for technical
editing and proofreading of this manuscript, and an anonymous reviewer
whose comments improved this manuscript. This manuscript is NRL
contribution 7330-08-8244.
NR 31
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 6
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD OCT 13
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 21
BP 16581
EP 16591
DI 10.1364/OE.16.016581
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 371XB
UT WOS:000260864900034
PM 18852767
ER
PT J
AU Stievater, TH
Park, D
Pruessner, MW
Rabinovich, WS
Kanakaraju, S
Richardson, CJK
AF Stievater, T. H.
Park, D.
Pruessner, M. W.
Rabinovich, W. S.
Kanakaraju, S.
Richardson, C. J. K.
TI A microelectromechanically tunable asymmetric Fabry-Perot quantum well
modulator at 1.55 mu m
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID TUNING RANGE; 1550 NM; RATIO
AB Placing a quantum well modulator in an asymmetric Fabry-Perot cavity enables significantly higher contrast ratios than are possible in a conventional surface-normal quantum well modulator. However, fixed-cavity asymmetric Fabry-Perot quantum well modulators require extremely precise and uniform crystal growth and are sensitive to small fluctuations in temperature or angle of incidence. Here, we experimentally demonstrate an InP-based microelectromechanically tunable asymmetric Fabry-Perot quantum well modulator that operates in the optical C-band. By actuating a suspended InGa AlAs reflector, the cavity mode can be perfectly matched to the appropriate quantum well absorption wavelength. The devices exhibit contrast ratios over 30 (15 dB) at 8 volts quantum well bias and modulation speeds of 1 MHz. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Stievater, T. H.; Park, D.; Rabinovich, W. S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Pruessner, M. W.] SFA Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA.
[Kanakaraju, S.; Richardson, C. J. K.] Lab Phys Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Stievater, TH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM stievater@nrl.navy.mil
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 4
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD OCT 13
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 21
BP 16766
EP 16773
DI 10.1364/OE.16.016766
PG 8
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 371XB
UT WOS:000260864900053
PM 18852786
ER
PT J
AU Gorbach, AM
Wang, HL
Elster, E
AF Gorbach, Alexander M.
Wang, Hengliang
Elster, Eric
TI Thermal oscillations in rat kidneys: an infrared imaging study
SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL
AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE infrared imaging; blood flow; thermal oscillations; autoregulation;
synchrony
ID SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS; SARCOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; THERMOGENESIS; CA2+-ATPASE;
TIME; CA2+
AB A high-resolution infrared (IR) camera was used to assess rhythmicity in localized renal blood flow, including the extent of regions containing nephrons with spontaneous oscillations in their individual blood flow. The IR imaging was able to follow changes in rat renal perfusion during baseline conditions, during occlusion of the main renal artery and during the administration of either saline or papaverine. Concurrent recordings were made of tubular pressure in superficial nephrons. Spontaneous vascular oscillations centred around 0.02 0.05 Hz and approximately 0.01 Hz could be detected reproducibly by IR imaging. Their spectral characteristics and their response to papaverine were in line with tubular pressure measurements. The intensity of and synchrony between thermal signals from different local areas of the kidney may allow, after surgical exposure, non-invasive imaging of functional clusters involved in renal cortical blood flow. Through visualization of the spatial extent of thermal oscillations, IR imaging holds promise in assessing kidney autoregulatory mechanisms.
C1 [Gorbach, Alexander M.] Natl Inst Biomed Imaging & Bioengn, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Wang, Hengliang; Elster, Eric] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Gorbach, AM (reprint author), Natl Inst Biomed Imaging & Bioengn, NIH, Bldg 13,Room 3N-11, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
EM gorbach@helix.nih.gov
FU NIH
FX We thank N. Holstein-Rathlou (University of Copenhagen, Denmark) and D.
Marsh (Brown University, Providence, RI, USA) for important support in
experimental design and preparation of this manuscript. The authors
would like to thank Henry Eden MD, PhD, for his invaluable critique and
insightful comments during the preparation of this manuscript. This
research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the
NIH.
NR 20
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 3
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 1364-503X
J9 PHILOS T R SOC A
JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci.
PD OCT 13
PY 2008
VL 366
IS 1880
BP 3633
EP 3647
DI 10.1098/rsta.2008.0117
PG 15
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 343PQ
UT WOS:000258866400011
PM 18650199
ER
EF