FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Jordan, PM
AF Jordan, P. M.
TI A note on Burgers' equation with time delay: Instability via finite-time
blow-up
SO PHYSICS LETTERS A
LA English
DT Article
DE Burgers' equation with delay; Single-phase-lag model; Instability;
Lambert W-function
ID TRAFFIC FLOW; RELAXATION; GROWTH
AB Burgers' equation with time delay is considered. Using the Cole-Hopf transformation, the exact solution of this nonlinear partial differential equation (PDE) is determined in the context of a (seemingly) well-posed initial-boundary value problem (IBVP) involving homogeneous Dirichlet data. The solution obtained, however, is shown to exhibit a delay-induced instability, suffering blow-up in finite-time. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Jordan, PM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7181, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM pjordan@nrlssc.navy.mil
FU ONR/NRL [PE 061153N]
FX The author is grateful to the anonymous referee for bringing an
important reference to his attention and for his/her helpful comments
and suggestions. The author is also grateful to Profs. A.C. Fowler, R.E.
Mickens, and S. Rionero for the enlightening discussions. This work was
supported by ONR/NRL funding (PE 061153N).
NR 26
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-9601
J9 PHYS LETT A
JI Phys. Lett. A
PD OCT 13
PY 2008
VL 372
IS 42
BP 6363
EP 6367
DI 10.1016/j.physleta.2008.08.049
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 368XJ
UT WOS:000260656200009
ER
PT J
AU Finke, JD
Dermer, CD
Bottcher, M
AF Finke, Justin D.
Dermer, Charles D.
Boettcher, Markus
TI Synchrotron self-Compton analysis of TeV X-ray-selected BL Lacertae
objects
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE BL Lacertae objects : general; BL Lacertae objects : individual (PKS
2155-304 Mrk 421); galaxies : active; radiation mechanisms : nonthermal
ID HIGH-ENERGY EMISSION; PHOTON-PHOTON COLLISIONS; MULTIWAVELENGTH
OBSERVATIONS; GAMMA-RAYS; SPECTRAL EVOLUTION; PAIR PRODUCTION; MARKARIAN
501; PKS 2155-304; PHYSICAL PARAMETERS; EGRET OBSERVATIONS
AB We introduce a methodology for analysis of multiwavelength data from X-ray-selected BL Lac (XBL) objects detected in the TeV regime. By assuming that the radio-through-X-ray flux from XBLs is nonthermal synchrotron radiation emitted by isotropically distributed electrons in the randomly oriented magnetic field of a relativistic blazar jet, we obtain the electron spectrum. This spectrum is then used to deduce the synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) spectrum as a function of the Doppler factor, magnetic field, and variability timescale. The variability timescale is used to infer the comoving blob radius from light-travel time arguments, leaving only two parameters. With this approach, we accurately simulate the synchrotron and SSC spectra of flaring XBLs in the Thomson through Klein-Nishina regimes. Photoabsorption by interactions with internal jet radiation and the intergalactic background light (IBL) is included. Doppler factors, magnetic fields, and absolute jet powers are obtained by fitting the H. E. S. S. and Swift data of the recent giant TeV flare observed from PKS 2155-304. For the H. E. S. S. and Swift data from 2006 July 28 and 30, respectively, Doppler factors greater than or similar to 60 and absolute jet powers greater than or similar to 10(46) ergs s(-1) are required for a synchrotron/SSC model to give a good fit to the data, for a low intensity of the IBL and a ratio of 10 times more energy in hadrons than nonthermal electrons. Fits are also made to a TeV flare observed in 2001 from Mrk 421 which require Doppler factors greater than or similar to 30 and jet powers greater than or similar to 10(45) ergs s(-1).
C1 [Finke, Justin D.; Dermer, Charles D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Boettcher, Markus] Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Inst Astrophys, Athens, OH 45701 USA.
RP Finke, JD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7635,4555 Overlook SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM justin.finke@nrl.navy.mil
NR 81
TC 123
Z9 125
U1 1
U2 7
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD OCT 10
PY 2008
VL 686
IS 1
BP 181
EP 194
DI 10.1086/590900
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 357BV
UT WOS:000259822200013
ER
PT J
AU Dudley, CC
Imanishi, M
Maloney, PR
AF Dudley, C. C.
Imanishi, M.
Maloney, P. R.
TI Ice emission and the redshifts of submillimeter sources
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : formation; galaxies : high-redshift; galaxies : individual
(HDF 850.1, IRAS 00188-0856, IRAS 14348-1447, QSO J1148+5251); infrared
: galaxies
ID ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; HUBBLE-DEEP-FIELD; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY;
MU-M SPECTROSCOPY; SCUBA SUPER-MAP; PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; ACTIVE
GALACTIC NUCLEI; LUMINOUS GALAXIES; SPACE-TELESCOPE; DUST EMISSION
AB Observations at submillimeter wavelengths have revealed a population of sources thought to be at relatively large redshifts. The position of the 850 mu m passband on the Rayleigh-Jeans portion of the Planck function leads to a maximum-redshift estimate of z similar to 4: 5, since sources will not retain their redshift-independent brightness close to the peak of the Planck function and thus drop out of surveys. Here we review evidence that ice absorption is present in the spectra of local ultraluminous infrared galaxies, which are often taken as analogs for the 850 mu m source population. We consider the implication of this absorption for ice-induced spectral structure at far-infrared wavelengths and present marginal astronomical evidence that amorphous ice may have a feature similar to crystalline ice near 150 mu m. Recent corroborative laboratory evidence is supportive of this conclusion. It is argued that early metal enrichment by pair-instability supernovae may lead to a high ice content relative to refractory dust at high redshift, and a fairly robust detection of ice emission in a z 6: 42 quasar is presented. It is further shown that ice emission is needed to understand the 450 mu m sources observed in the GOODS-N field. We are thus encouraged to apply far-infrared ice emission models to the available observations of HDF 850.1, the brightest submillimeter source in the Hubble Deep Field. We suggest that a redshift as large as 13 may need to be considered for this source, nearly a factor of 3 above the usual top estimate. Inclusion of the possibility of far-infrared ice emission in the spectral energy distributions of model sources generally broadens the range of redshifts to be considered for submillimeter sources compared to models without ice emission.
C1 [Dudley, C. C.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Imanishi, M.] Natl Astron Observ, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan.
[Maloney, P. R.] Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Dudley, CC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM c.christopher.dudley.85@alum.dartmouth.org
NR 93
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD OCT 10
PY 2008
VL 686
IS 1
BP 251
EP 261
DI 10.1086/587445
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 357BV
UT WOS:000259822200019
ER
PT J
AU Dahn, CC
Harris, HC
Levine, SE
Tilleman, T
Monet, AKB
Stone, RC
Guetter, HH
Canzian, B
Pier, JR
Hartkopf, WI
Liebert, J
Cushing, M
AF Dahn, Conard C.
Harris, Hugh C.
Levine, Stephen E.
Tilleman, Trudy
Monet, Alice K. B.
Stone, Ronald C.
Guetter, Harry H.
Canzian, Blaise
Pier, Jeffrey R.
Hartkopf, William I.
Liebert, James
Cushing, Michael
TI Trigonometric parallaxes for two late-type subdwarfs: LSR 1425+71
(sdM8.0) and the binary LSR 1610-00 (sd?M6pec)
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE astrometry; binaries : close; stars : individual (LSR 1425+7102, LSR
1610-0040) stars : low-mass; brown dwarfs; subdwarfs
ID LOW-MASS STARS; GALACTIC GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; BROWN DWARFS; EVOLUTIONARY
MODELS; MAIN-SEQUENCE; PHOTOMETRIC CALIBRATION; ULTRACOOL SUBDWARFS;
LUMINOSITY-RELATION; METALLICITY SCALE; EXTREME SUBDWARF
AB Trigonometric parallax astrometry and BVI photometry are presented for two late-type subdwarf candidates, LSR 1425+71 (sdM8.0) and LSR 1610-00 (sd?M6pec). For the former we measure an absolute parallax of 13.37 +/- 0.51 mas yielding M-V = 15.25 +/- 0.09. The astrometry for LSR 1610-00 shows that this object is an astrometric binary with a period of 1.66 +/- 0.01 yr. The photocentric orbit is derived from the data; it has a moderate eccentricity (e approximate to 0: 44 +/- 0: 02) and a semimajor axis of 0.29 +/- 0.01 AU based on our measured absolute parallax of 31.02 +/- 0.26 mas. Our radial velocity measure of-108.1 +/- 1.6 km s(-1) for LSR 1610-00 at epoch 2006.179, when coupled with the observation of-95 +/- 1 kms(-1) at epoch 2005.167 by Reiners & Basri, indicates a systemic radial velocity of-101 +/- 1 km s(-1) for the LSR 1610-00AB pair. The Galactic velocity components for LSR 1425+71 and LSR 1610-00AB are (U, V, W) = (84 +/- 6,-202 +/- 13, 66 +/- 14) km s(-1) and (U, V, W) = (36 +/- 2,-232 +/- 2,-61 +/- 2) km s(-1), respectively. For both stars, the velocities are characteristic of halo population kinematics. However, modeling shows that both stars have orbits around the Galaxy with high eccentricity that pass remarkably close to the Galactic center. LSR 1425+71 has a luminosity and colors consistent with its metal-poor subdwarf spectral classification, while LSR 1610-00 has a luminosity and most colors indicative of being only mildly metal-poor, plus a uniquely red B-V color. The companion to LSR 1610-00 must be a low-mass, substellar brown dwarf. We speculate on the paradoxical nature of LSR 1610-00 and possible sources of its peculiarities.
C1 [Dahn, Conard C.; Harris, Hugh C.; Levine, Stephen E.; Tilleman, Trudy; Monet, Alice K. B.; Stone, Ronald C.; Guetter, Harry H.; Canzian, Blaise; Pier, Jeffrey R.] USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Hartkopf, William I.] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA.
[Liebert, James] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Cushing, Michael] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Dahn, CC (reprint author), USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, 10391 W Naval Observ Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM dahn@nofs.navy.mil; wih@usno.navy.mil; liebert@jayhawk.as.arizona.edu;
mcushing@ifa.hawaii.edu
NR 58
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD OCT 10
PY 2008
VL 686
IS 1
BP 548
EP 559
DI 10.1086/591050
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 357BV
UT WOS:000259822200045
ER
PT J
AU Paul, NM
Taylor, M
Kumar, R
Deschamps, JR
Luedtke, RR
Newman, AH
AF Paul, Noel M.
Taylor, Michelle
Kumar, Rakesh
Deschamps, Jeffrey R.
Luedtke, Robert R.
Newman, Amy Hauck
TI Structure-activity relationships for a novel series of dopamine D2-like
receptor ligands based on N-substituted
3-aryl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-ol
SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID POTENTIAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENT; PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS; ABUSE
THERAPEUTIC AGENTS; D3 RECEPTOR; DRUG-ABUSE; NEW-GENERATION;
ANIMAL-MODELS; COCAINE ABUSE; HIGH-AFFINITY; IN-VIVO
AB Discovering dopamine D2-like receptor subtype-selective ligands has been a focus of significant investigation. The D2R-selective antagonist 3-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxypiperidinyl]methylindole (1, L741,626; K(i)(D2R/MR) = 11.2:163 nM) has previously provided a lead template for chemical modification. Herein, analogues have been synthesized where the piperidine was replaced by a tropane ring that reversed the selectivity seen in the parent compound, in human hD2(L)R- or hD3R-transfected HEK 293 cells (31, K(i)(D2R/D3R) = 33.4: 15.5 nM). Further exploration of both N-substituted and aryl ring-substituted analogues resulted in the discovery of several high affinity D2R/D3R ligands with 3-benzofurylmethyl-substituents (e.g., 45, K(i)(D2R/D3R) = 1.7:0.34 nM) that induced high affinity not achieved in similarly N-substituted piperidine analogues and significantly (470-fold) improved D3R binding affinity compared to the parent ligand 1. X-ray crystallographic data revealed a distinctive spatial arrangement of pharmacophoric elements in the piperidinol vs tropine analogues, providing clues for the diversity in SAR at the D2 and D3 receptor subtypes.
C1 [Paul, Noel M.; Newman, Amy Hauck] Natl Inst Drug Abuse, Intramural Res Program, Med Chem Sect, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA.
[Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Taylor, Michelle; Kumar, Rakesh; Luedtke, Robert R.] Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol & Neurosci, Ft Worth, TX 76107 USA.
RP Newman, AH (reprint author), Natl Inst Drug Abuse, Intramural Res Program, Med Chem Sect, NIH, 333 Cassell Dr, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA.
EM anewman@intra.nida.nih.gov
OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010; Paul, Noel/0000-0002-4980-9383
FU NIDA-IRP; NIH [DA13584-03S1, DA13584-01]; NIH Postdoctoral Intramural
Research Training Award (IRTA); NIDA [Y1-DA6002]
FX This work was supported by the NIDA-IRP, NIH Grant DA13584-03S1, and NIH
Grant DA13584-01. N.M.P. was supported by a NIH Postdoctoral Intramural
Research Training Award (IRTA) Fellowship. Crystallographic studies were
supported by NIDA Contract Y1-DA6002.
NR 54
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0022-2623
J9 J MED CHEM
JI J. Med. Chem.
PD OCT 9
PY 2008
VL 51
IS 19
BP 6095
EP 6109
DI 10.1021/jm800532x
PG 15
WC Chemistry, Medicinal
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 356EC
UT WOS:000259760500027
PM 18774793
ER
PT J
AU Kaminski, K
Kaminska, E
Wlodarczyk, P
Pawlus, S
Kimla, D
Kasprzycka, A
Paluch, M
Ziolo, J
Szeja, W
Ngai, KL
AF Kaminski, K.
Kaminska, E.
Wlodarczyk, P.
Pawlus, S.
Kimla, D.
Kasprzycka, A.
Paluch, M.
Ziolo, J.
Szeja, W.
Ngai, K. L.
TI Dielectric studies on mobility of the glycosidic linkage in seven
disaccharides
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR-SPIN RELAXATION; MULTIPLE-FIELD C-13; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION;
GLASS-TRANSITION; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; CONFORMATIONAL FLEXIBILITY;
TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; SECONDARY RELAXATION; BETA-RELAXATION; NMR
RELAXATION
AB Isobaric dielectric relaxation measurements were performed on seven chosen disaccharides. For five of them, i.e., sucrose, maltose, trehalose, lactulose, and leucrose, we were able to observe the temperature evolution of the structural relaxation process. In the case of the other disaccharides studied (lactose and cellobiose), it was impossible to obtain such information because of the large contribution of the dc conductivity and polarization of the capacitor plates to the imaginary and real part of the complex permittivity, respectively. On the other hand, in the glassy state, two secondary relaxations have been identified in the dielectric spectra of all investigated carbohydrates. The faster one (gamma) is a common characteristic feature of the entire sugar family (mono-, di-, oligo-, and polysaccharide). The molecular origin of this process is still not unambiguously identified but is expected to involve intramolecular degrees of freedom as inferred from insensitivity of its relaxation time to pressure found in some monosaccharides (fructose and ribose). The slower one (labeled) was recently identified to be intermolecular in origin (i.e., a Johari -Goldstein (JG) beta-relaxation), involving twisting motion of the monosugar rings around the glycosidic bond. The activation energies and dielectric strengths for the beta-relaxation determined herein provide us valuable information about the flexibility of the glycosidic bond and the mobility of this particular linkage in the disaccharides studied. In turn, this information is essential for the control of the diffusivity of drugs or water entrapped in the sugar matrix.
C1 [Kaminski, K.; Kaminska, E.; Wlodarczyk, P.; Pawlus, S.; Kimla, D.; Kasprzycka, A.; Paluch, M.; Ziolo, J.] Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland.
[Szeja, W.] Silesian Tech Univ, Dept Chem, Div Organ Chem Biochem & Biotechnol, PL-44100 Gliwice, Poland.
[Ngai, K. L.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Kaminski, K (reprint author), Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, Ul Uniwersytecka 4, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland.
FU Committee for Scientific Research, Poland KBN [N N202 007534]; Office of
Naval Research; FNP (2008); FNP (Team programme)
FX Financial support of the Committee for Scientific Research, Poland KBN,
Grant No. N N202 007534, is gratefully acknowledged. At the Naval
Research laboratory, K.L.N. is supported by the Office of Naval
Research. K.K. acknowledges financial assistance from FNP (2008). M.P.
wishes to acknowledge the financial support from the FNP (Team
programme).
NR 64
TC 51
Z9 51
U1 2
U2 26
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD OCT 9
PY 2008
VL 112
IS 40
BP 12816
EP 12823
DI 10.1021/jp804240a
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 356LR
UT WOS:000259780200036
PM 18793019
ER
PT J
AU Englert, CR
Stevens, MH
Siskind, DE
Harlander, JM
Roesler, FL
Pickett, HM
von Savigny, C
Kochenash, AJ
AF Englert, Christoph R.
Stevens, Michael H.
Siskind, David E.
Harlander, John M.
Roesler, Fred L.
Pickett, Herbert M.
von Savigny, Christian
Kochenash, Andrew J.
TI First results from the Spatial Heterodyne Imager for Mesospheric
Radicals (SHIMMER): Diurnal variation of mesospheric hydroxyl
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SUMMER MESOSPHERE; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; OH; SPECTROSCOPY; OZONE; H2O
AB We present the first SHIMMER observations of the diurnal variation of mesospheric hydroxyl (OH). We compare our data with Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) observations at about 13h local time near 55 degrees N and find very good agreement. This validates the Spatial Heterodyne Spectroscopy technique for space-borne optical remote sensing applications. We extend our analysis to other local times, not observed by MLS, for latitudes near 55 degrees N in the summer of 2007. At 74 km, we find excellent agreement with a photochemical model, but above 76 km, significant model/data differences in the shape of the OH diurnal variation are observed.
C1 [Englert, Christoph R.; Stevens, Michael H.; Siskind, David E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Harlander, John M.] St Cloud State Univ, Dept Phys Astron & Engn Sci, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA.
[Kochenash, Andrew J.] Computat Phys Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA.
[Pickett, Herbert M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Roesler, Fred L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[von Savigny, Christian] Univ Bremen, Inst Environm Phys & Remote Sensing, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
RP Englert, CR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave SW,Code 7641, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM christoph.englert@nrl.navy.mil
RI von Savigny, Christian/B-3910-2014;
OI Stevens, Michael/0000-0003-1082-8955; Englert,
Christoph/0000-0002-2145-6168
FU Office of Naval Research; NASA
FX Funding for this research was provided by the Office of Naval Research.
SHIMMER is a joint program between the Naval Research Laboratory and the
DoD Space Test Program. The authors would like to thank Joel G. Cardon,
Ronen Feldman, John F. Moser, W. Layne Marlin, Charles M. Brown, Robert
R. Conway, Andrew N. Straatveit, Michael A. Carr, and Andrew W. Stephan
for their contributions to the SHIMMER project. Research at the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, was performed
under contract with NASA.
NR 24
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 3
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD OCT 8
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 19
AR L19813
DI 10.1029/2008GL035420
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 359LD
UT WOS:000259987300005
ER
PT J
AU Chen, W
Mied, RP
Shen, CY
AF Chen, Wei
Mied, Richard P.
Shen, Colin Y.
TI Near-surface ocean velocity from infrared images: Global Optimal
Solution to an inverse model
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID TEMPERATURE TIME-SERIES
AB We address the problem of obtaining ocean surface velocities from sequences of thermal (AVHRR) space-borne images by inverting the heat conservation equation (including sources of surface heat fluxes and vertical entrainment). We demonstrate the utility of the technique by deriving surface velocities from (1) The motion of a synthetic surface tracer in a numerical model and (2) a sequence of five actual AVHRR images from 1 day. Typical formulations of this tracer inversion problem yield too few equations at each pixel, which is often remedied by imposing additional constraints (e. g., horizontal divergence, vorticity, and energy). In contrast, we propose an alternate strategy to convert the underdetermined equation set to an overdetermined one. We divide the image scene into many subarrays and define velocities and sources within each subarray using bilinear expressions in terms of the corner points (called knots). In turn, all velocities and sources on the knots can be determined by seeking an optimum solution to these linear equations over the large scale, which we call the Global Optimal Solution (GOS). We test the accuracy of the GOS by contaminating the model output with up to 10% white noise but find that filtering the data with a Gaussian convolution filter yields velocities nearly indistinguishable from those without the added noise. We compare the GOS velocity fields with those from the numerical model and from the Maximum Cross Correlation (MCC) technique. A histogram of the difference between GOS and numerical model velocities is narrower and more peaked than the similar comparison with MCC, irrespective of the time interval (Delta t = 2 or 4 h) between images. The calculation of the root mean square error difference between the GOS (and MCC) results and the model velocities indicates that the GOS/model error is only half that of the MCC/model error irrespective of the time interval (Dt = 2 or 4 h) between images. Finally, the application of the technique to a sequence of five NOAA AVHRR images yields a velocity field, which we compare with that from a Coastal Ocean Dynamics Radar (CODAR) array. We find that the GOS velocities generally agree more closely with those from the CODAR than they do with those from the MCC. Specifically, the root mean square error obtained by differencing GOS and CODAR velocities is smaller than that from the similar calculation with MCC velocities. The magnitude of the complex correlation between GOS and CODAR is larger than that between MCC and CODAR. The phase of the complex correlation indicates that both MCC and GOS on average yield velocity vectors biased in the clockwise direction relative to the CODAR vectors for the period examined.
C1 [Chen, Wei; Mied, Richard P.; Shen, Colin Y.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Chen, W (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7233,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM wei.chen@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research [WU-8743-07]
FX This research work was supported by the Office of Naval Research through
the project WU-8743-07 at the Naval Research Laboratory. We are grateful
to J. Kohut (Rutgers U.) for supplying the CODAR velocity field used in
this work.
NR 16
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD OCT 7
PY 2008
VL 113
IS C10
AR C10003
DI 10.1029/2008JC004747
PG 14
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 359MF
UT WOS:000259990300001
ER
PT J
AU Martin, K
AF Martin, Keye
TI Topology in information theory in topology
SO THEORETICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Dagstuhl Seminar on Computational Structures for Modeling Space, Time
and Casuality
CY AUG, 2006
CL Schloss Dagstuhl, GERMANY
DE Domain theory; Quantum information; Topology; Information theory; Timing
channels
AB We prove that timed capacity in information theory is a Euclidean continuous function of noise. This is a result based on topological methods that benefits work in information theory. Then we show that binary timing capacity is a measure of distance which yields the Euclidean topology oil the unit interval, despite the fact that it does not satisfy the triangle inequality. This is a result based oil information theoretic methods that benefits topology. These results have important applications in air area known as information hiding, in the study of quantum communication and in domain theory. They appear to raise fundamental questions about the nature of distance itself. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr High Assurance Comp Syst Code 5540, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Martin, K (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr High Assurance Comp Syst Code 5540, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM keye.martin@nrl.navy.mil
NR 12
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3975
J9 THEOR COMPUT SCI
JI Theor. Comput. Sci.
PD OCT 6
PY 2008
VL 405
IS 1-2
BP 75
EP 87
DI 10.1016/j.tcs.2008.06.027
PG 13
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA 361MR
UT WOS:000260132300010
ER
PT J
AU Adams, IS
Gaiser, P
Jones, WL
AF Adams, Ian Stuart
Gaiser, Peter
Jones, W. Linwood
TI Simulation of the Stokes vector in inhomogeneous precipitation
SO RADIO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROWAVE RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; WINDSAT; ATMOSPHERE; MILLIMETER; MATRIX;
MODEL; RAIN
AB The large absorption and scattering cross sections of liquid and frozen hydrometeors, respectively, introduce appreciable signatures to measured polarized brightness temperatures, degrading the retrieval of other geophysical parameters such as near-surface ocean winds. In particular, the retrieval of wind direction requires precise knowledge of polarization. This study investigates the fully polarized atmospheric contribution of precipitation and compares these effects with the current sensitivities of passive wind vector retrieval algorithms. A realistic microphysical cloud model supplies atmospheric parameters, including hydrometeor water contents, which are input into a vector radiative transfer model. Scattering is handled using a reverse Monte Carlo method. Radiances are simulated for three frequencies of interest to microwave polarimetry, 10.7, 18.7, and 37.0 GHz, for the four elements of the Stokes vector. The simulations show that the dichroic nature of precipitating media has a significant impact on passive wind vector retrievals.
C1 [Adams, Ian Stuart; Gaiser, Peter] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Jones, W. Linwood] Univ Cent Florida, Cent Florida Remote Sensing Lab, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
RP Adams, IS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7223,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM ian.adams@nrl.navy.mil; ljones@pegasus.cc.ucf.edu
FU Colorado State University; Goddard Cumulus Ensemble; ARTS
FX We would like to thank Chris Kummerow and Jody Crook at Colorado State
University for giving us access to Goddard Cumulus Ensemble data and to
their radiative transfer code, which facilitated proper use of the GCE
data. We would also like to thank the developers of ARTS for making
their code available to the scientific community and for their support
in using and understanding ARTS.
NR 33
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0048-6604
J9 RADIO SCI
JI Radio Sci.
PD OCT 4
PY 2008
VL 43
IS 5
AR RS5006
DI 10.1029/2007RS003744
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
GA 356VR
UT WOS:000259806200001
ER
PT J
AU Le, F
Xie, GG
Pei, D
Wang, J
Zhang, H
AF Le, Franck
Xie, Geoffrey G.
Pei, Dan
Wang, Jia
Zhang, Hui
TI Shedding light on the glue logic of the Internet routing architecture
SO ACM SIGCOMM COMPUTER COMMUNICATION REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE design; management; measurement; routing glue logic; route
redistribution; route selection
AB Recent studies reveal that the routing structures of operational networks are much more complex than a simple BGP/IGP hierarchy, highlighted by the presence of many distinct instances of routing protocols. However, the glue (how routing protocol instances interact and exchange routes among themselves) is still little understood or studied. For example, although Route Redistribution (RR), the implementation of the glue in router software, has been used in the Internet for more than a decade, it was only recently shown that RR is extremely vulnerable to anomalies similar to the permanent route oscillations in BGP. This paper takes an important step toward understanding how RR is used and how fundamental the role RR plays in practice. We developed a complete model and associated tools for characterizing interconnections between routing instances based on analysis of router configuration data. We analyzed and characterized the RR usage in more than 1600 operational networks. The findings are: (i) RR is indeed widely used; (ii) operators use RR to achieve important design objectives not realizable with existing routing protocols alone; (iii) RR configurations can be very diverse and complex. These empirical discoveries not only confirm that the RR glue constitutes a critical component of the current Internet routing architecture, but also emphasize the urgent need for more research to improve its safety and flexibility to support important design objectives.
C1 [Le, Franck; Zhang, Hui] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Xie, Geoffrey G.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Washington, DC 20350 USA.
RP Le, F (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
FU NSF [NSF-0331653, NSF-0520187]; Graduate Research Fellowship;
[CNS-0520210]; [CNS-0721574]
FX We thank Jay Borkenhagen, Appanna Chottera, Mike Donoghue, Alex Gerber,
Timothy Griffin, Seungjoon Lee, Steve Legget, Mark Lyn, Kobus van der
Merwe, Jason Philippon, Mike Satterlee, Tom Scholl, Aman Shaikh and
Philip Taylor for many helpful discussions. We would also like to
express our gratitude to all others who provided us with the
configurations of their networks and discussed them with us but prefer
to preserve their anonymity. This research was partially sponsored by
the NSF under the 100x100 Clean Slate Project [1] (NSF-0331653), the 4D
Project [2] (NSF-0520187), grants CNS-0520210, CNS-0721574 and a
Graduate Research Fellowship. Views and conclusions contained in this
document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as
representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of
AT&T, NSF, or the U. S. government.
NR 23
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA
SN 0146-4833
EI 1943-5819
J9 ACM SIGCOMM COMP COM
JI ACM SIGCOMM Comp. Commun. Rev.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 38
IS 4
BP 39
EP 50
DI 10.1145/1402946.1402964
PG 12
WC Computer Science, Information Systems
SC Computer Science
GA 351PD
UT WOS:000259435500005
ER
PT J
AU Pande, CS
Cooper, KP
McFadden, GB
AF Pande, C. S.
Cooper, K. P.
McFadden, G. B.
TI Grain size distribution in two dimensions in the long time limit
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Grain size distribution; Stochastic model; Fokker-Planck equation;
Numerical solution
ID STOCHASTIC-THEORY; COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS; NETWORK STRUCTURES; GROWTH;
BOUNDARIES; DIFFUSION
AB It is shown that the inclusion of a "noise" term in the growth rate of individual grains leads to a stochastic model that provides a more realistic description of grain growth phenomenon. The resulting Fokker-Planck equation for the grain size distribution is solved numerically due to the difficulties in obtaining an analytical solution. The analysis is limited to two dimensions and assumes quasi-stationary distributions in the long time limit. The resulting grain size distribution is shown to be in agreement with that obtained from computer simulations, indicating the validity of the stochastic approach. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc.
C1 [Pande, C. S.; Cooper, K. P.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[McFadden, G. B.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20809 USA.
RP Cooper, KP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM cooper@anvil.nrl.navy.mil
OI McFadden, Geoffrey/0000-0001-6723-2103
FU Office of Naval Research
FX This work is supported in part by the Office of Naval Research. We are
grateful to Dr. Robert A. Masumura for his substantial contributions to
this work.
NR 38
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 56
IS 18
BP 5304
EP 5311
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2008.07.008
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 369OP
UT WOS:000260704100035
ER
PT J
AU Gherlone, JA
AF Gherlone, J. A., Jr.
TI Untitled
SO AEROSPACE AMERICA
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Gherlone, J. A., Jr.] USN, LCDR, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0740-722X
J9 AEROSPACE AM
JI Aerosp. Am.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 46
IS 10
BP 7
EP 7
PG 1
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 360NC
UT WOS:000260063200004
ER
PT J
AU Wu, SJ
Pal, S
Ekanayake, S
Greenwald, D
Lara, S
Raviprakash, K
Kochel, T
Porter, K
Hayes, C
Nelson, W
Callahan, J
AF Wu, Shuenn-Jue
Pal, Subhamoy
Ekanayake, Sajeewane
Greenwald, David
Lara, Silvia
Raviprakash, Kanakatte
Kochel, Tadeusz
Porter, Kevin
Hayes, Curtis
Nelson, William
Callahan, Johnny
TI A dry-format field-deployable quantitative reverse
transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay for diagnosis of dengue
infections
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article
ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; VIRUS; PCR; IDENTIFICATION
AB We have systematically evaluated a dry-format, quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay developed by Tetracore Inc. for the Cepheid SmartCycler platform to facilitate rapid diagnosis of dengue virus infections. A panel of related flaviviruses was used to evaluate the clinical specificity of the assay, and it was found to be specific to dengue. Eighty-one clinical samples previously confirmed dengue positive by virus isolation, along with 25 dengue negative control specimens were used to validate this new diagnostic assay. Using these clinical samples, the assay exhibited 98.77% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Over 85% of the clinical specimen exhibited viral loads ranging from 10(3) to 10(7) plaque-forming units per milliliter (PFU/mL). In addition, this dry-format assay is stable at ambient temperatures and requires minimal technical expertise to perform in a small thermocycler platform. These characteristics make it a promising candidate for diagnosis of dengue in mobile laboratories in the field.
C1 [Pal, Subhamoy] USN, Med Res Ctr, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Dept Code 41, Infect Dis Directorate, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
US Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru.
Tetracore Inc, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
RP Pal, S (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Dept Code 41, Infect Dis Directorate, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM pal.subhamoy@med.navy.mil
RI Pal, Subhamoy/A-8025-2011; Porter, Kevin/A-8027-2011; Pal,
Subhamoy/A-9526-2015
OI Pal, Subhamoy/0000-0003-0133-8444
NR 18
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 4
BP 505
EP 510
PG 6
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 357PG
UT WOS:000259858000006
PM 18840736
ER
PT J
AU Bashelor, A
Ksir, A
Traves, W
AF Bashelor, Andrew
Ksir, Amy
Traves, Will
TI Enumerative algebraic geometry of conics
SO AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL MONTHLY
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Ksir, Amy; Traves, Will] USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM andrew.bashelor@mac.com; ksir@usna.edu; traves@usna.edu
FU Office of Naval Research [N0001405WR20153]
FX We first learned about this topic from Frank Sottile, whose expository
lectures and writing guided our early investigations. Mike Roth provided
help at a crucial time; his suggestions form the basis for our proof of
Theorem 3. Steve Kleiman gave us extensive comments on a first draft of
the paper and rescued us from several errors. Helene Speer's gracious
help improved our figures. This paper grew out of Midshipman Andrew
Bashelor's Trident project [3], a full-year research project carried out
at the U.S. Naval Academy. We are grateful to the Trident Scholar
Committee for their oversight and guidance. In particular we gratefully
acknowledge the Office of Naval Research for partial support of this
work in funding document N0001405WR20153.
NR 27
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU MATHEMATICAL ASSOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1529 18TH STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-9890
J9 AM MATH MON
JI Am. Math. Mon.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 115
IS 8
BP 701
EP 728
PG 28
WC Mathematics
SC Mathematics
GA 357ED
UT WOS:000259828200003
ER
PT J
AU Costantini, TW
Acosta, JA
Hoyt, DB
Ramamoorthy, S
AF Costantini, Todd W.
Acosta, Jose A.
Hoyt, David B.
Ramamoorthy, Sonia
TI Surgical Resident and Attending Physician Attitudes toward Glucose
Control in the Surgical Patient
SO AMERICAN SURGEON
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 19th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Southern California Chapter of the
American-College-of-Surgeons
CY JAN 18-20, 2008
CL Santa Barbara, CA
SP Amer Coll Surg, SE Calif Chapter
ID INSULIN THERAPY; INFECTION
AB Hyperglycemia is a common occurrence in postoperative surgical patients and has been related to adverse outcomes, including increased infections, delayed wound healing, and increased postoperative mortality. Therefore, the management of hyperglycemia has become an increasingly important part of surgical practice. A 16-point questionnaire was distributed to general surgery housestaff and attending physicians at three teaching hospitals in southern California. The survey was scaled I to 5 (1, strongly disagree; 5, strongly agree). Answers of 1 and 2 were considered a negative response, whereas 4 and 5 were considered affirmative responses. There were 105 survey respondents (60 surgical residents, 45 surgical attendings). Only half of respondents were confident in their ability to adequately control blood sugar in their hospitalized patients. Approximately 60 per cent of attendings rely on residents to manage glucose control. Less than half of the attendings (49%) and less than one-third of residents (27%) stated they were current with the latest guidelines for glucose control. Only one-third of the attendings would consult an internist or endocrinologist to assist in glycemic management. This study reveals an important knowledge deficit among surgical resident and attending physicians. Focused education on glycemic control in the perioperative patient should be a mandatory component of surgical training.
C1 [Costantini, Todd W.; Ramamoorthy, Sonia] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Surg, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[Acosta, Jose A.] USN, Dept Surg, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[Hoyt, David B.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Orange, CA 92668 USA.
RP Costantini, TW (reprint author), 402 Dickinson St,Mail Code 8402, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
EM tcostantini@ucsd.edu
NR 14
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU SOUTHEASTERN SURGICAL CONGRESS
PI ATLANTA
PA 141 WEST WIEUCA RD, STE B100, ATLANTA, GA 30342 USA
SN 0003-1348
J9 AM SURGEON
JI Am. Surg.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 74
IS 10
BP 993
EP 996
PG 4
WC Surgery
SC Surgery
GA 360YQ
UT WOS:000260095100024
PM 18942630
ER
PT J
AU Habasaki, J
Ngai, KL
AF Habasaki, J.
Ngai, K. L.
TI Molecular Dynamics Study of the Dynamics Near the Glass Transition in
Ionic Liquids
SO ANALYTICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; FORCE-FIELD; HETEROGENEOUS DYNAMICS; FORMING
LIQUIDS; MODEL; SIMULATION; VISCOSITY; SOLVENTS; CHLORIDE; DENSITY
AB Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been performed to study the dynamics near the glass transition regime of molecular ions in ionic liquids. The glass transition temperature in the simulated 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium nitrate (EMIM-NO(3)) system was determined by plotting density against temperatures. The dynamics at several temperatures in the liquid, supercooled liquid, and glassy states have been characterized by the diffusion coefficients, fractal dimension analysis of the trajectories, and the van-Hove functions. The diffusion coefficient approximately obeys the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann (VFT) relation. However, two power laws or two exponentials are also good descriptions of the data. The fractal dimension of the random walks is a measure of the complexity of the trajectory, which is attributed to the geometrical correlations among successive motions. Rapid increase of the fractal dimension of the random walks on decreasing temperature is found for both cations and anions. Temperature dependence of the fractal dimension of the random walks for the long range (accelerated) motion is larger than that for short range (localized) motion. This reasonably explains the change in the slopes found in the temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficients. At around the glass transition temperature, long range motion is essentially absent during the observed times, up to several nano seconds. This feature is also confirmed by the van-Hove functions. Such slowing down of the dynamics in the fragile ionic liquids is characterized by the changes from long range motion to short range motion instead of sudden changes at around To in the VFT relation.
C1 [Habasaki, J.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2268502, Japan.
[Ngai, K. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Habasaki, J (reprint author), Tokyo Inst Technol, 4259 Nagatsuta, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2268502, Japan.
EM habasaki.j.aa@m.titech.ac.jp
RI Habasaki, Junko/B-9283-2015
OI Habasaki, Junko/0000-0002-2887-2340
FU Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture, Japan [19540396]
FX This research was partly supported by the Ministry of Education,
Science, Sports and Culture, Japan, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research
(C), 19540396, 2007-2009. The work performed at the Naval Research
Laboratory was supported by the Office of Naval Research.
NR 56
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 12
PU JAPAN SOC ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
PI TOKYO
PA 26-2 NISHIGOTANDA 1 CHOME SHINAGAWA-KU, TOKYO, 141, JAPAN
SN 0910-6340
J9 ANAL SCI
JI Anal. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 10
BP 1321
EP 1327
DI 10.2116/analsci.24.1321
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 364ED
UT WOS:000260318100019
PM 18845894
ER
PT J
AU Hackworth, RJ
Tokarz, KA
Fowler, IM
Wallace, SC
Stedje-Larsen, ET
AF Hackworth, Robert J.
Tokarz, Kyle A.
Fowler, Ian M.
Wallace, Scott C.
Stedje-Larsen, Eric T.
TI Profound pain reduction after induction of memantine treatment in two
patients with severe phantom limb pain
SO ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA
LA English
DT Article
ID RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST MEMANTINE; NEUROPATHIC PAIN; AMPUTATION; MECHANISMS;
ETIOLOGY; BLOCKADE; AMPUTEES; TRIAL
AB We present the cases of two patients who suffered severe lower extremity injuries and subsequently developed phantom limb pain (PLP) that was refractory to high dose opioids and adjunctive pain medications. Both patients were receiving large doses of oral methadone, IV hydromorphone via a patient-controlled analgesia delivery system, and adjunctive medications including tricyclic antidepressants, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications, and anti-epileptics. Despite these treatments, the patients had severe PLP. Upon induction of the oral N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist memantine, both patients had a profound reduction in their PLP without any apparent side effects from the medication.
C1 [Hackworth, Robert J.; Tokarz, Kyle A.; Fowler, Ian M.; Wallace, Scott C.; Stedje-Larsen, Eric T.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
RP Tokarz, KA (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM kyle.tokarz@med.navy.mil
FU Department of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, California
FX Supported by Department of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical Center San
Diego, California. This article is the view of the authors and not the
United States Navy.
NR 17
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 3
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0003-2999
J9 ANESTH ANALG
JI Anesth. Analg.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 107
IS 4
BP 1377
EP 1379
DI 10.1213/ane.0b013e31817f90f1
PG 3
WC Anesthesiology
SC Anesthesiology
GA 352UE
UT WOS:000259522100049
PM 18806054
ER
PT J
AU Tucker, MH
Tankersley, MS
AF Tucker, Mark H.
Tankersley, Michael S.
CA ACAAI Immunotherapy & Diagnostics
TI Perception and practice of sublingual immunotherapy among practicing
allergists
SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID POSTMARKETING SURVEILLANCE; ANAPHYLAXIS; RHINITIS; SAFETY; POLLEN;
CHILDREN; ADULTS; ROUTES
AB Background: Currently, little information is available regarding who is using sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) in the United States, what product they may be using, how they are dosing that product, and what perceived effect it may be having on patients.
Objective: To gather information regarding the perception and use of SLIT among practicing allergists in the United States.
Methods: On behalf of the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (ACAAI) Immunotherapy and Diagnostics Committee, an electronic survey was sent to all practicing allergists of the ACAAI in March 2007.
Results: The survey response rate was 25.7% (828/3,217) in which 92.5% of the respondents (766/828) practiced in the United States. For 61.7% (471/763) the most cited reason for not using SLIT was lack of approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). If SLIT were an FDA-approved form of immunotherapy, 65.7% would use it to treat allergic rhinitis, 45.5% would use SLIT to treat patients younger than 5 years, and 40.9% would use it to treat moderate to severe asthma. A total of 5.9% (45/766) of US allergists reported using SLIT. Most perceived SLIT to be as effective (44.7%) or more effective (10.5%) than subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT). Most allergists who used SLIT (65.9%) had it reimbursed by patients paying out of pocket. The most commonly used extract (79.1%) was a commercially available extract used for SCIT. Some practitioners (53.5%) required their patients to administer doses of SLIT in their office, but 81.8% only required that this be done with the first dose. Practitioners gave epinephrine injectors to 41.5% of their patients receiving SLIT.
Conclusions: Although only 5.9% of US allergists reported using SLIT, most of the 828 surveyed (766 US allergists) viewed SLIT as safe and effective and would consider using SLIT if it were an FDA-approved therapy.
C1 [Tucker, Mark H.] USN, Med Ctr, Allergy Clin, Dept Allergy, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
[Tucker, Mark H.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Immunol, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
[Tankersley, Michael S.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
RP Tucker, MH (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Allergy Clin, Dept Allergy, 2251 Cushing Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
EM mhtucker@pol.net
NR 33
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1081-1206
J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM
JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 101
IS 4
BP 419
EP 425
PG 7
WC Allergy; Immunology
SC Allergy; Immunology
GA 359II
UT WOS:000259979300014
PM 18939732
ER
PT J
AU Arnaud, F
Tomori, T
Carr, W
McKeague, A
Teranishi, K
Prusaczyk, K
McCarron, R
AF Arnaud, Francoise
Tomori, Toshiki
Carr, Walter
McKeague, Anne
Teranishi, Kohsuke
Prusaczyk, Keith
McCarron, Richard
TI Exothermic reaction in zeolite hemostatic dressings: QuikClot ACS and
ACS+(R)
SO ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE uncontrolled hemorrhage; hemostatic dressing; reduced temperature;
survival
ID LETHAL GROIN INJURY; HEMORRHAGE CONTROL; AGENT QUIKCLOT; ANIMAL-MODEL;
CASE SERIES; SWINE
AB Background Zeolites have hemostatic properties used to stop bleeding in severe hemorrhage. Manufactured QuikClot (R) is an approved zeolite-based hemostatic agent for battlefield use. The exothermic reaction associated with QuikClot as loose granules or as granules packaged in a mesh bag has potential burn effects; this led to the development of a formulation of "cooler" non-exothermic QuikClot. The goal of this study was to compare the elevation of temperature of these formulations upon contact with blood. Methods Following full transection of the femoral vasculature, anesthetized Yorkshire pigs (n = 15) (28.8 +/- 1.5 kg) were hemorrhaged for 2 min and treated with 100 g of bagged QuikClot (Advanced Clotting Sponge (ACS) (n = 4)) or a modified non-exothermic formulation (ACS+ (n = 11)). Vital signs and temperature at the dressing/tissue interface were continuously recorded for 3 h. Additional procedures were used to examine effects of different ratios of blood to zeolite on temperature elevation. Results Total post-treatment blood loss was comparable for ACS+_E and ACS_E groups (overall average: 18.6 +/- 10.5% EBV). Temperature recorded at the dressing/tissue interface was significantly lower with ACS+ vs. ACS (40.3 +/- 1.8 vs. 61.4 +/- 10.7 degrees C, respectively, p < 0.01) and was 3.2 +/- 2.6 degrees C higher than rectal temperature (38.0 +/- 0.7 degrees C, p < 0.01). Survival at endpoint (7/11 vs. 4/4) and average survival time (134 +/- 64 vs. 180 min) were greater for both ACS+ and ACS in comparison to Standard Dressing. The wound temperature with ACS was reduced with greater blood to product ratios and this pattern was paralleled with in vitro measurements. Conclusions The lower heat release with ACS+ compared to ACS was confirmed in an animal model and ACS+ had similar efficacy in arresting bleeding when compared to Standard Dressing.
C1 [Arnaud, Francoise; Tomori, Toshiki; Carr, Walter; McKeague, Anne; Teranishi, Kohsuke; Prusaczyk, Keith; McCarron, Richard] USN, Med Res Ctr, Dept Trauma & Resuscitat Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[McCarron, Richard] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
RP Arnaud, F (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Dept Trauma & Resuscitat Med, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM francoise.arnaud@med.navy.mil; tomorit@nmrc.navy.mil;
walter.carr@med.navy.mil; mckeaguea@nmrc.navy.mil;
kohsuke.teranishi@med.navy.mil; keith.prusaczyk@med.navy.mil;
richard.mccarron@med.navy.mil
NR 12
TC 33
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0090-6964
J9 ANN BIOMED ENG
JI Ann. Biomed. Eng.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 36
IS 10
BP 1708
EP 1713
DI 10.1007/s10439-008-9543-7
PG 6
WC Engineering, Biomedical
SC Engineering
GA 347FC
UT WOS:000259125000011
PM 18712606
ER
PT J
AU Hsia, RY
Shen, Y
AF Hsia, R. Y.
Shen, Y.
TI Trauma Centers: What Are the Risk Factors for Closure?
SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Research Forum of the American-College-of-Emergency-Physicians
CY OCT 24-28, 2008
CL Chicago, IL
SP Amer Coll Emergency Phys
C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0196-0644
J9 ANN EMERG MED
JI Ann. Emerg. Med.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 52
IS 4
MA 7
BP S43
EP S43
DI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.06.072
PG 1
WC Emergency Medicine
SC Emergency Medicine
GA 354PQ
UT WOS:000259651900008
ER
PT J
AU Sauter, B
Dabulis, S
Juliano, M
AF Sauter, B.
Dabulis, S.
Juliano, M.
TI Fetal Outcomes in First Trimester Symptomatic Pregnancies Presenting to
an Emergency Department With Indeterminate Ultrasound
SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Research Forum of the American-College-of-Emergency-Physicians
CY OCT 24-28, 2008
CL Chicago, IL
SP Amer Coll Emergency Phys
C1 [Sauter, B.; Dabulis, S.; Juliano, M.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0196-0644
J9 ANN EMERG MED
JI Ann. Emerg. Med.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 52
IS 4
MA 58
BP S60
EP S60
DI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.06.124
PG 1
WC Emergency Medicine
SC Emergency Medicine
GA 354PQ
UT WOS:000259651900059
ER
PT J
AU Sloan, EP
Weir, W
Filbin, NB
Koenigsberg, MD
AF Sloan, E. P.
Weir, W.
Filbin, N. B.
Koenigsberg, M. D.
TI Shock Index Does Not Differ Following the Infusion of DCLHb in Two
Clinical Trials of Traumatic Hemorrhagic Shock, Such That Its Clinical
Use as a Measure of Compensated Shock is Valid
SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Research Forum of the American-College-of-Emergency-Physicians
CY OCT 24-28, 2008
CL Chicago, IL
SP Amer Coll Emergency Phys
C1 Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Dept Emergency Med, DCLHb Traumat Hemorrhag Shock Study Grp & Europea, Chicago, IL USA.
USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0196-0644
J9 ANN EMERG MED
JI Ann. Emerg. Med.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 52
IS 4
MA 216
BP S109
EP S109
DI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.06.234
PG 1
WC Emergency Medicine
SC Emergency Medicine
GA 354PQ
UT WOS:000259651900216
ER
PT J
AU Tanen, DA
Danish, DC
Reardon, JM
Chisholm, CB
Matteucci, MJ
Riffenburgh, RH
AF Tanen, David A.
Danish, D. Christopher
Reardon, Jacqueline M.
Chisholm, Christopher B.
Matteucci, Michael J.
Riffenburgh, Robert H.
TI Comparison of oral aspirin versus topical applied methyl salicylate for
platelet inhibition
SO ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY
LA English
DT Article
DE aspirin; methyl salicylate; platelets; thromboxane
ID TRANSDERMAL MODIFICATION; CYCLOOXYGENASE
AB BACKGROUND: Oral acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) is the primary antiplatelet therapy in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction and acute coronary syndrome. Methyl salicylate (MS; oil of wintergreen) is compounded into many over-the-counter antiinflammatory muscle preparations and has been shown to inhibit platelet aggregation locally and to be absorbed systemically.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the ability of topically applied MS to inhibit systemic platelet aggregation for patients who are unable to tolerate oral drug therapy.
METHODS: A randomized, prospective, blinded, crossover study was conducted in 9 healthy men, aged 30-46 years. All subjects ingested 162 mg of aspirin or applied 5 g of 30% MS preparation to their anterior thighs. There was a minimum 2-week washout period between study arms. Blood and urine were collected at baseline and at 6 hours. An aggregometer measured platelet aggregation over time against 5 standard concentrations of epinephrine, and a mean area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. Urinary metabolites of thromboxane B-2 were measured by a standard enzyme immunoassay. Differences in and between groups at baseline and 6 hours were tested by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
RESULTS: Baseline platelet aggregation did not differ significantly between the 2 arms of the study (median AUC [% aggregation*min]; binominal confidence intervals): aspirin 183; 139 to 292 versus MS 197; 118 to 445 (p = 0.51). Both aspirin and MS produced statistically significant platelet inhibition; aspirin decreased the AUC from 183; 139 to 292 to 85; 48 to 128 (p = 0.008) and MS decreased the AUC from 197; 118 to 445 to 112; 88 to 306 (p = 0.011). No significant difference was detected between baseline and 6-hour thromboxane levels for either aspirin (p = 0.779) or MS (p = 0.327).
CONCLUSIONS: Topical MS and oral aspirin both significantly decrease platelet aggregation in healthy human volunteers.
C1 [Tanen, David A.; Danish, D. Christopher; Reardon, Jacqueline M.; Chisholm, Christopher B.; Matteucci, Michael J.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Riffenburgh, Robert H.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
RP Tanen, DA (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM david.tanen@med.navy.mil
FU Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Navy Department, Washington [S-05-017]
FX The Chief, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Navy Department, Washington,
DC, Clinical Investigations Program sponsored this report #S-05-017 as
required by NSHBETHINST 6000.41B.
NR 17
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 9
PU HARVEY WHITNEY BOOKS CO
PI CINCINNATI
PA PO BOX 42696, CINCINNATI, OH 45242 USA
SN 1060-0280
J9 ANN PHARMACOTHER
JI Ann. Pharmacother.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 42
IS 10
BP 1396
EP 1401
DI 10.1345/aph.1L128
PG 6
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 353DI
UT WOS:000259545900004
PM 18698012
ER
PT J
AU Eismann, MT
Meola, J
Stocker, AD
Beaven, SG
Schaum, AP
AF Eismann, Michael T.
Meola, Joseph
Stocker, Alan D.
Beaven, Scott G.
Schaum, Alan P.
TI Airborne hyperspectral detection of small changes
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DETECTION ALGORITHMS; IMAGERY; DESIGN; AREAS
AB Hyperspectral change detection offers a promising approach to detect objects and features of remotely sensed areas that are too difficult to find in single images, such as slight changes in land cover and the insertion, deletion, or movement of small objects, by exploiting subtle differences in the imagery over time. Methods for performing such change detection, however, must effectively maintain invariance to typically larger image-to-image changes in illumination and environmental conditions, as well as misregistration and viewing differences between image observations, while remaining sensitive to small differences in scene content. Previous research has established predictive algorithms to overcome such natural changes between images, and these approaches have recently been extended to deal with space-varying changes. The challenges to effective change detection, however, are often exacerbated in an airborne imaging geometry because of the limitations in control over flight conditions and geometry, and some of the recent change detection algorithms have not been demonstrated in an airborne setting. We describe the airborne implementation and relative performance of such methods. We specifically attempt to characterize the effects of spatial misregistration on change detection performance, the efficacy of class-conditional predictors in an airborne setting, and extensions to the change detection approach, including physically motivated shadow transition classifiers and matched change filtering based on in-scene atmospheric normalization. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Eismann, Michael T.; Meola, Joseph] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Stocker, Alan D.; Beaven, Scott G.] Space Comp Corp, Los Angeles, CA 90025 USA.
[Schaum, Alan P.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Eismann, MT (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 2241 Avion Circle, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
NR 36
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 8
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD OCT 1
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 28
BP F27
EP F45
DI 10.1364/AO.47.000F27
PG 19
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 364PS
UT WOS:000260348200004
PM 18830283
ER
PT J
AU Goodman, JA
Lee, ZP
Ustin, SL
AF Goodman, James A.
Lee, ZhongPing
Ustin, Susan L.
TI Influence of atmospheric and sea-surface corrections on retrieval of
bottom depth and reflectance using a semi-analytical model: a case study
in Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID IMAGING SPECTROMETER AVIRIS; CORAL-REEFS; HYPERSPECTRAL DATA; SHALLOW
WATERS; REMOTE; BATHYMETRY; ENVIRONMENTS; CLASSIFICATION; RADIANCE;
BAHAMAS
AB Hyperspectral instruments provide the spectral detail necessary for extracting multiple layers of information from inherently complex coastal environments. We evaluate the performance of a semi-analytical optimization model for deriving bathymetry, benthic reflectance, and water optical properties using hyperspectral AVIRIS imagery of Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii, We examine the relative impacts on model performance using two different atmospheric correction algorithms and two different methods for reducing the effects of sunglint. We also examine the impact of varying view and illumination geometry, changing the default bottom reflectance, and using a kernel processing scheme to normalize water properties over small areas. Results indicate robust model performance for most model formulations, with the most significant impact on model output being generated by differences in the atmospheric and deglint algorithms used for preprocessing. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Goodman, James A.] Univ Puerto Rico, Bernard M Gordon Ctr Subsurface Sensing & Imaging, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA.
[Lee, ZhongPing] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[Ustin, Susan L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Ctr Spatial Technol & Remote Sensing, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Goodman, JA (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Bernard M Gordon Ctr Subsurface Sensing & Imaging, POB 9048, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA.
EM jgoodman@uprm.edu
FU NASA Headquarters [NGT5-ESS/01-0000-0208]; Gordon-CenSSIS; National
Science Foundation [EEC-9986821]; University of California Pacific Rim
Research Program; California Space Institute Graduate Student Fellowship
Program; Canon National Park Science Scholars Program; NASA's Jet
Propulsion Laboratory
FX This work was supported by NASA Headquarters under Earth System Science
Fellowship Grant NGT5-ESS/01-0000-0208. It was also supported by
Gordon-CenSSIS, the Bernard M. Gordon Center for Subsurface Sensing and
Imaging Systems, under the Engineering Research Centers Program of the
National Science Foundation (Award Number EEC-9986821). Additional
assistance was provided by the Center for Spatial Technologies and
Remote Sensing, the University of California Pacific Rim Research
Program, the California Space Institute Graduate Student Fellowship
Program, the Canon National Park Science Scholars Program, and NASA's
Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Appreciation is also extended to M. Montes
and C. Davis at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory for the Tafkaa model,
the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for the SHOALS bathymetry data, D.
Riano for processing of the SHOALS data, the Hawaii Institute of Marine
Biology for their support, and P. Sjordal for his untiring assistance in
the field.
NR 41
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 6
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD OCT 1
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 28
BP F1
EP F11
DI 10.1364/AO.47.0000F1
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 364PS
UT WOS:000260348200002
PM 18830280
ER
PT J
AU Eismann, MT
Kerekes, J
Schaum, AP
Leathers, RA
AF Eismann, Michael T.
Kerekes, John
Schaum, Alan P.
Leathers, Robert A.
TI Multispectral and Hyperspectral Imaging: introduction to the feature
issue
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
AB This Applied Optics feature issue on multispectral and hyperspectral imaging focuses on the leading research across various disciplines in this field of research. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America
C1 [Eismann, Michael T.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Kerekes, John] Rochester Inst Technol, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
[Schaum, Alan P.; Leathers, Robert A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Eismann, MT (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, 2241 Avion Circle, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM michael.eismann@wpafb.af.mil
NR 0
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 4
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD OCT 1
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 28
BP MHI1
EP MHI1
DI 10.1364/AO.47.00MHI1
PG 1
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 364PS
UT WOS:000260348200001
ER
PT J
AU Trainor, SC
Horner, DH
Segal, DR
AF Trainor, Stephen C.
Horner, Donald H., Jr.
Segal, David R.
TI The enigmatic history of sociology at the United States Naval Academy
SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE behavioral science; curriculum; education; leadership; Naval Academy;
socialization
AB Since its inception in 1845, the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, has often faced the challenge of balancing technical and professional training demands of the naval service against the social and cultural conditions of an increasingly complex world. Despite the institution's attempts to address the multiple demands of the social and military contexts, the study of behavioral science in general, and sociology in particular, has been until recently largely absent. In response to challenges and deficiencies associated with its educational program, the Naval Academy has undertaken a path of reform to balance professional training with the need to educate graduates as competent and effective leaders. This article addresses some of the institutional, organizational, and curricular changes at the Naval Academy, with a focus on the inclusion and development of courses in human behavior and sociology as a means to study this process of leadership education.
C1 [Trainor, Stephen C.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Segal, David R.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Res Mil Org, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Trainor, SC (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM trainor@usna.edu; horner@usna.edu; Dsegal@socy.umd.edu
NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0095-327X
J9 ARMED FORCES SOC
JI Armed Forces Soc.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 1
BP 106
EP 121
DI 10.1177/0095327X08323247
PG 16
WC Political Science; Sociology
SC Government & Law; Sociology
GA 349EY
UT WOS:000259265300007
ER
PT J
AU Landi, E
AF Landi, Enrico
TI The off-disk thermal structure of a polar coronal hole
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun : corona; Sun : UV radiation
ID ATOMIC DATABASE; EMISSION-LINES; SPECTROSCOPIC DIAGNOSTICS; SOLAR
CORONA; SUMER; TEMPERATURE; CHIANTI; SOHO; SPECTRUM; DENSITY
AB The thermal structure of the coronal portion of coronal holes is a key factor in the modeling of the source regions and acceleration mechanisms of the fast solar wind. Studies aimed at this region are best carried out on observations outside the disk, where the chromosphere and transition region are not included in the line of sight. In the past, many off-disk studies measured the line-of-sight temperature using line intensity ratios, a method that cannot provide information on the distribution of material with temperature; a few off-disk DEM determinations are also available, which are limited to a few heights only. No EM loci study has been carried out to the best of our knowledge. In this paper we use SOHO SUMER deep-exposure spectra of a polar coronal hole observed in 1996 to carry out a systematic investigation of the thermal structure of the emitting plasma as a function of distance from the limb, making use of the EM loci technique. Instrument-scattered light limits our investigation to distances in the 1.03-1.17 R-circle dot range, where we find that the plasma is close to isothermal along the line of sight, with temperature slowly increasing with distance from the limb.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Artep Inc, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Landi, E (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Artep Inc, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RI Landi, Enrico/H-4493-2011
FU NASA; [NNG06EA14I]; [NNH06CD24C]
FX The author gratefully acknowledges the support from the NNG06EA14I,
NNH06CD24C and other NASA grants. This work benefited from extensive
discussions, comments and suggestions from Uri Feldman, as well as from
valuable comments from the referee.
NR 22
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD OCT 1
PY 2008
VL 685
IS 2
BP 1270
EP 1276
DI 10.1086/591225
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 353FA
UT WOS:000259550300048
ER
PT J
AU Warren, HP
Feldman, U
Brown, CM
AF Warren, Harry P.
Feldman, Uri
Brown, Charles M.
TI Solar observations of high-temperature emission with the
Extreme-Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer on Hinode
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun : corona
ID ATOMIC DATABASE; SPECTRAL-LINES; CORONAL LOOPS; FLARE; RATIOS; EIS;
IMPROVEMENTS; TRANSITIONS; INTENSITIES; DENSITY
AB We present an analysis of solar coronal emission lines formed above 2.5 MK observed with the Extreme-Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer on Hinode during a small flare. Our main purpose is to evaluate the internal consistency of the atomic data available for the observed emission. We find that the observed emission from high-temperature Ca lines (Ca XIV, XV, XVI, and XVII) is generally consistent with the available atomic data. The observed Fe XVII emission at these wavelengths, in contrast, is more difficult to reconcile with current atomic calculations. The energy levels tabulated in the CHIANTI atomic physics database generally do not correspond to the observed wavelengths. After associating the calculated emissivities with the observed emission by hand, we find that the observed intensities are roughly consistent with what is predicted. However, the intensity of the strongest unblended line, Fe XVII 254.87 angstrom, is not consistent with the intensities of the other Fe XVII lines at these wavelengths. Several of the Ca xv emission lines, which are formed at about 4 MK, form density-sensitive line ratios in the range log n(e) = 9-11 cm(-3). Density measurements at these temperatures are potentially important for understanding the coronal heating mechanism. Our initial analysis suggests that high-temperature active region plasma is underdense relative to the predictions of steady heating models.
C1 [Warren, Harry P.; Feldman, Uri; Brown, Charles M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Warren, HP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM hwarren@nrl.navy.mil
NR 29
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD OCT 1
PY 2008
VL 685
IS 2
BP 1277
EP 1285
DI 10.1086/591075
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 353FA
UT WOS:000259550300049
ER
PT J
AU Gundlach, R
AF Gundlach, Ronnie
TI Refractory pemphigus vulgaris in a military aviator
SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE autoimmune; aeromedical implications; corticosteroids; mycophenolate;
rituximab; azathioprine
AB Pemphigus vulgaris is a rare, chronic autoimmune blistering disease of the skin and mucous membranes that if untreated can be fatal. Current treatment regimens use high-dose systemic steroids to reduce the production of autoantibodies and adjuvant immunosuppressives to compliment and reduce the need for steroids. The disease itself and the pharmacotherapy that makes up the mainstay of treatment present the potential to cause significant disability in aviation personnel. This case report describes the 8-yr treatment course of a military aviator from initial diagnosis to treatment and the achievement of an asymptomatic state nearing stable remission. The discussion addresses the aeromedical implications of the disease itself, side Effects of commonly used therapeutic medications, and operational implications on military aviators.
C1 USN, Operat Support Ctr, NAS JRB, Willow Grove, PA 19090 USA.
RP Gundlach, R (reprint author), USN, Operat Support Ctr, NAS JRB, Willow Grove, PA 19090 USA.
EM ronnie.gundlach@med.navy.mil
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA
SN 0095-6562
J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD
JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 10
BP 989
EP 992
DI 10.3357/ASEM.2281.2008
PG 4
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
Internal; Sport Sciences
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal
Medicine; Sport Sciences
GA 355AG
UT WOS:000259680400010
PM 18856191
ER
PT J
AU Han, DM
Foersterling, FH
Li, XY
Deschamps, JR
Parrish, D
Cao, H
Rallapalli, S
Clayton, T
Teng, Y
Majumder, S
Sankar, S
Roth, BL
Sieghart, W
Furtmuller, R
Rowlett, JK
Weed, MR
Cook, JM
AF Han, Dongmei
Foersterling, F. Holger
Li, Xiaoyan
Deschamps, Jeffrey R.
Parrish, Damon
Cao, Hui
Rallapalli, Sundari
Clayton, Terry
Teng, Yun
Majumder, Samarpan
Sankar, Subramaniam
Roth, Bryan L.
Sieghart, Werner
Furtmuller, Roman
Rowlett, James K.
Weed, Michael R.
Cook, James M.
TI A study of the structure-activity relationship of GABA(A)-benzodiazepine
receptor bivalent ligands by conformational analysis with low
temperature NMR and X-ray analysis
SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE conformation; Benzodiazepines; NMR; GABA
ID AROMATIC-AROMATIC-INTERACTION; BENZODIAZEPINE-RECEPTORS; OPIOID
RECEPTORS; DIPOLE-MOMENTS; ELECTRON PAIRS; BENZENE DIMER; HIGH-AFFINITY;
ANTAGONIST; SUBTYPES; PHARMACOLOGY
AB The stable conformations of GABA(A)- benzodiazepine receptor bivalent ligands were determined by low temperature NMR spectroscopy and confirmed by single crystal X-ray analysis. The stable conformations in solution correlated well with those in the solid state. The linear conformation was important for these dimers to access the binding site and exhibit potent in vitro affinity and was illustrated for alpha 5 subtype selective ligands. Bivalent ligands with an oxygen-containing linker folded back upon themselves both in solution and the solid state. Dimers which are folded do not bind to Bz receptors. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Han, Dongmei; Foersterling, F. Holger; Li, Xiaoyan; Cao, Hui; Rallapalli, Sundari; Clayton, Terry; Teng, Yun; Cook, James M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA.
[Deschamps, Jeffrey R.; Parrish, Damon] USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Majumder, Samarpan; Roth, Bryan L.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pharmacol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Sankar, Subramaniam] Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Sieghart, Werner; Furtmuller, Roman] Med Univ Vienna, Ctr Brain Res, Div Biochem & Mol Biol, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
[Rowlett, James K.] Harvard Univ, New England Reg Primate Res Ctr, Sch Med, Southborough, MA 01772 USA.
[Weed, Michael R.] Johns Hopkins Bayview Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA.
RP Cook, JM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, POB 413, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA.
EM capncook@uwm.edu
RI Roth, Bryan/F-3928-2010; Sieghart, Werner/A-4877-2013;
OI Sieghart, Werner/0000-0002-0443-0302; Deschamps,
Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010
FU NIMH [MH-46851]; Research Growth Initiative of the University of
Wisconsin-Milwaukee; NSF [NSF-9512622]; NIDA [DA-11792]; NCRR
[RR-00168]; NIDA; ONR
FX The authors thank NIMH (MH-46851), the Research Growth Initiative of the
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, NSF (instrumentation grant
NSF-9512622), NIDA (DA-11792) and NCRR (RR-00168) for support of this
work. Moreover, the authors acknowledge NIDA and ONR for support of the
X-ray crystallography.
NR 53
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0968-0896
J9 BIOORGAN MED CHEM
JI Bioorg. Med. Chem.
PD OCT 1
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 19
BP 8853
EP 8862
DI 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.08.072
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry,
Organic
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry
GA 353LG
UT WOS:000259568500011
PM 18790643
ER
PT J
AU McCormack, RA
Doherty, DA
Magann, EF
Hutchinson, M
Newnham, JP
AF McCormack, R. A.
Doherty, D. A.
Magann, E. F.
Hutchinson, M.
Newnham, J. P.
TI Antepartum bleeding of unknown origin in the second half of pregnancy
and pregnancy outcomes
SO BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE antepartum bleeding of unknown origin; pregnancy outcomes; pregnancy
outcomes
ID HEMORRHAGE
AB Objective The purpose of our investigation was to evaluate factor(s) associated with unexplained antepartum bleeding of unknown origin (ABUO) after 24 weeks of pregnancy and correlate unexplained haemorrhage with maternal and perinatal outcomes.
Design This is a retrospective observational study.
Setting King Edward Memorial Hospital (KEMH), Subiaco, Western Australia.
Population Singleton pregnancies delivering at KEMH between January 1998 and December 2004.
Methods ABUO was defined as bleeding after 20 weeks of gestation but before the onset of labour with no cause detected on vaginal examination or abdominal ultrasound. Outcomes of these pregnancies were collated and compared with those of pregnancies without ABUO.
Main outcome measures Antepartum complications assessed included pre-eclampsia/eclampsia, gestational diabetes and preterm birth. Intrapartum evaluations included labour inductions, mode of delivery and gestational age at delivery. Neonatal outcomes evaluated included birthweight, Apgar scores, newborn intensive care unit (NICU) admission, neonatal complications and risk of perinatal/neonatal death.
Results Between January 1998 and December 2004, there were 26 583 deliveries without ABUO and 1431 with ABUO. Multivariable analyses of the ABUO effects revealed that ABUO was a simultaneously significant risk factor for term labour inductions (OR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.72-2.32, P < 0.001), preterm delivery (OR = 4.31, 95% CI: 3.84-4.84, P < 0.001), NICU admission (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.01-1.51, P = 0.042), hyperbilirubinaemia (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.01-1.63, P = 0.041) and reduced birthweight (26 g, 95% CI: 3-50, P = 0.026).
Conclusion Women with ABUO are at greater risk of preterm delivery, term labour induction and their neonates are at greater risk for NICU admissions, hyperbilirubinaemia and a reduced birthweight.
C1 [McCormack, R. A.; Doherty, D. A.; Magann, E. F.; Hutchinson, M.; Newnham, J. P.] Univ Western Australia, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Sch Womens & Infants Hlth, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
RP Magann, EF (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
EM everett.magann@med.navy.mil
OI Newnham, John/0000-0001-9983-7457
NR 11
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1470-0328
J9 BJOG-INT J OBSTET GY
JI BJOG
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 115
IS 11
BP 1451
EP 1457
DI 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2008.01856.x
PG 7
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology
GA 348PZ
UT WOS:000259223700017
PM 18715242
ER
PT J
AU Arnaud, F
Hammett, M
Philbin, N
Scultetus, A
McCarron, R
Freilich, D
AF Arnaud, Francoise
Hammett, Michael
Philbin, Nora
Scultetus, Anke
McCarron, Richard
Freilich, Daniel
TI Hematologic effects of recombinant factor VIIa combined with
hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier-201 for prehospital resuscitation of
swine with severe uncontrolled hemorrhage due to liver injury
SO BLOOD COAGULATION & FIBRINOLYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE coagulation; hemorrhagic shock; hemostasis; resuscitation; trauma;
uncontrolled bleeding
ID ACTIVATED FACTOR-VII; TRAUMATIC COAGULOPATHY; RFVIIA; PATIENT; SAFETY;
MECHANISM; PLATELETS; HBOC-201; EFFICACY; BLOOD
AB The combination of traumatic injury, hemorrhage, and fluid resuscitation results in consumption and dilution of coagulation factors, adversely impacting hematology outcome in trauma patients. The hemostatic effects of escalating doses of recombinant factor VIIa added to hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier-201 were assessed as prehospital fluid resuscitation in swine with severe uncontrolled hemorrhage. Swine underwent liver injury causing severe uncontrolled hemorrhage and shock. During a 4-h prehospital phase, either hypotensive or tachycardic, or both, animals were resuscitated with hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier-201 without (0x) or with escalating doses of recombinant factor VIIa [90 mu g/kg (1x), 180 mu g/kg (2x), or 360 mu g/kg (4x)]. The animals received one initial full dose of 10 ml/kg at 15 min and up to four doses of 5 ml/kg thereafter. From 4 to 72 h (hospital phase), animals received either transfusions or isotonic saline or both as needed. Hematology profile (complete blood count), thromboelastography, in-vitro bleeding (platelet function analyzer), and coagulation (prothrombin time) were measured and the results were compared using mixed statistical models. In all groups, dilutional coagulopathy was evidenced by reduced hematocrit, platelets, and thromboelastography-maximum amplitude, and increased platelet function analyzer closure time and thromboelastography-reaction time. During the prehospital phase, hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier-201 restored hemoglobin in all groups. Recombinant factor VIIa decreased prothrombin time in recombinant factor VIIa groups compared with the hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier-201 group (P<0.01). Unexpectedly, increasing recombinant factor VIIa dosage tended to increase fluid requirement (P>0.05). Compared with hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier, 1x recombinant factor VIIa tended to decrease blood loss, lactate and thromboelastography-reaction time at 24 h but the 4x group increased these parameters. Platelets and thromboelastography-maximum amplitude decreased (P<0.01) with the 4x group. In swine with severe uncontrolled hemorrhage, prehospital resuscitation with escalating doses of recombinant factor VIIa in combination with hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier-201 did not change survival or hemostasis. However, there were trends toward possible benefits of low recombinant factor Vila doses, whereas high recombinant factor VIIa doses adversely affected hemostasis. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 19:669-677 (C) 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
C1 [Arnaud, Francoise; Hammett, Michael; Philbin, Nora; Scultetus, Anke; McCarron, Richard; Freilich, Daniel] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Scultetus, Anke; McCarron, Richard; Freilich, Daniel] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
RP Arnaud, F (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, 2N77 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM francoise.arnaud@MED.NAVY.MIL
FU DoD Work [602236N04426.W26.A0241]
FX The authors thank Noemy Carballo, Benjamin Esperat, and Daniel Fasipe,
for technical assistance; and Gerry McGwin, PhD, for statistical
analysis.; F.A. was involved in study design, performed data
acquisition, compilation, analysis and interpretation, drafted and
revised the manuscript. M.H. performed laboratory assays and collected
data. N.P. performed animal study. A.S. contributed to manuscript
review. R.M. contributed to manuscript review. R.M. contributed to
manuscript review. D.F. conceived and designed the study, and
contributed to manuscript review.; This work was performed at Naval
Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA and was supported
by funding from DoD Work Unit No. 602236N04426.W26.A0241. The views
expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of
the Navy, Department of Defense, nor the US Government. US Government
employees as part of their official duties did this word; therefore, it
may not be copyrighted and may be copied without restriction.; HBOC-201
and Hextend were provided by Biopure Corporation, Cambridge,
Massachusetts, USA, and Abbott Laboratories, Chicago, Illinois, USA,
respectively, rFVIIa was purchased from NovoNordisk, Bagsvaerd, Denmark.
NR 37
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0957-5235
J9 BLOOD COAGUL FIBRIN
JI Blood Coagul. Fibrinolysis
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 19
IS 7
BP 669
EP 677
DI 10.1097/MBC.0b013e3283089198
PG 9
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA 361WW
UT WOS:000260159300010
PM 18832908
ER
PT J
AU Grubisic, V
Doyle, JD
Kuettner, J
Mobbs, S
Smith, RB
Whiteman, CD
Dirks, R
Czyzyk, S
Cohn, SA
Vosper, S
Weissmann, M
Haimov, S
De Wekker, SFJ
Pan, LL
Chow, FK
AF Grubisic, Vanda
Doyle, James D.
Kuettner, Joachim
Mobbs, Stephen
Smith, Ronald B.
Whiteman, C. David
Dirks, Richard
Czyzyk, Stanley
Cohn, Stephen A.
Vosper, Simon
Weissmann, Martin
Haimov, Samuel
De Wekker, Stephan F. J.
Pan, Laura L.
Chow, Fotni Katopodes
TI THE TERRAIN-INDUCED ROTOR EXPERIMENT A Field Campaign Overview Including
Observational Highlights
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID LOWERMOST STRATOSPHERE; LEE WAVES; MOUNTAIN; AIRCRAFT; DYNAMICS; LAYER;
LIDAR
AB The Terrain-Induced Rotor Experiment (T-REX) is a coordinated international project, composed of an observational field campaign and a research program, focused on the investigation of atmospheric rotors and closely related phenomena in complex terrain. The T-REX field campaign took place during March and April 2006 in the lee of the southern Sierra Nevada in eastern California. Atmospheric rotors have been traditionally defined as quasi-two-dimensional atmospheric vortices that form parallel to and downwind of a mountain ridge under conditions conducive to the generation of large-amplitude mountain waves. Intermittency, high levels of turbulence, and complex small-scale internal structure characterize rotors, which are known hazards to general aviation. The objective of the T-REX field campaign was to provide an unprecedented comprehensive set of in situ and remotely sensed meteorological observations from the ground to UTLS altitudes for the documentation of the spatiotemporal characteristics and internal structure of a tightly coupled system consisting of an atmospheric rotor, terrain-induced internal gravity waves, and a complex terrain boundary layer. In addition, T-REX had several ancillary objectives including the studies of UTLS chemical distribution in the presence of mountain waves and complex-terrain boundary layer in the absence of waves and rotors. This overview provides a background of the project including the information on its science objectives, experimental design, and observational systems, along with highlights of key observations obtained during the field campaign. (Page 1513)
C1 [Grubisic, Vanda] Desert Res Inst, Div Atmospher Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
[Doyle, James D.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
[Kuettner, Joachim; Dirks, Richard; Cohn, Stephen A.; Pan, Laura L.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Mobbs, Stephen] Univ Leeds, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
[Smith, Ronald B.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA.
[Whiteman, C. David] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
[Czyzyk, Stanley] Natl Weather Serv, Las Vegas, NV USA.
[Vosper, Simon] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Weissmann, Martin] DLR, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany.
[Haimov, Samuel] Univ Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[De Wekker, Stephan F. J.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA.
[Chow, Fotni Katopodes] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Grubisic, V (reprint author), Desert Res Inst, Div Atmospher Sci, 2215 Raggio Pkwy, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
EM vanda.grubisic@dri.edu
RI Weissmann, Martin/C-9084-2013; Pan, Laura/A-9296-2008
OI Pan, Laura/0000-0001-7377-2114
FU National Science Foundation
FX The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the
National Science Foundation
NR 32
TC 88
Z9 88
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 89
IS 10
BP 1513
EP 1533
DI 10.1175/2008BAMS2487.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 370BN
UT WOS:000260737800018
ER
PT J
AU Holmes, JP
Gates, JD
Benavides, LC
Hueman, MT
Carmichael, MG
Patil, R
Craig, D
Mittendorf, EA
Stojadinovic, A
Ponniah, S
Peoples, GE
AF Holmes, Jarrod P.
Gates, Jeremy D.
Benavides, Linda C.
Hueman, Matthew T.
Carmichael, Mark G.
Patil, Ritesh
Craig, Dianna
Mittendorf, Elizabeth A.
Stojadinovic, Alexander
Ponniah, Sathibalan
Peoples, George E.
TI Optimal dose and schedule of an HER-2/neu (E75) peptide vaccine to
prevent breast cancer recurrence - From US Military Cancer Institute
clinical trials group study I-01 and I-02
SO CANCER
LA English
DT Article
DE breast cancer; peptide; vaccine; E75; dosing
ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES; OVARIAN-CANCER;
DENDRITIC CELLS; METASTATIC BREAST; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; IN-VIVO; MELANOMA;
ADJUVANT; HER2/NEU
AB BACKGROUND. E75, a HER-2/neu-derived peptide, was administered as a preventive vaccine with graulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in disease-free lymph node-positive (NP) and lymph node-negative (NN) breast cancer (BCa) patients. The optimal biologic dose (OBD) was determined based on toxicity and immunologic response.
METHODS. Patients were vaccinated over 6 months (3, 4, or 6 times) with different doses of E75 plus GM-CSF. Toxicities were graded per National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria. GM-CSF vas reduced for significant toxicity Immunologic response was measured by delayed type hypersensitivity test (DTH), and E75-specific CD8(+) T-cells were quantified with human leukocyte antigen-A2:immunoglobulin G diner and flow cytometry.
RESULTS. Ninety-nine patients (48 NP and 51 NN) were vaccinated in 7 dose groups. The OBD was 1000 mu g E75 plus 250 mu g GM-CSF monthly x 6. The optimal dose group (ODG, n = 29) experienced similar toxicities to the suboptimal dose group (SDG, n = 70), which was comprised of the remaining 6 groups. The ODG demonstrated a trend toward an increase in the average postvaccine dimer (0.87 +/- 0.10% vs 0.67 +/- 0.05%; P =.07), a significantly larger DTH response (21.5 +/- 2.5 mm vs 11.3 +/- 1.3 mm; P =.0002), and a trend toward decreased recurrences (3.4% vs 12.9%; P =.27). Compared with the SDG, the ODG had larger tumors (percentage >= T2: 55% vs 23%; P =.004), more positive nodes (percentage NP: 76% vs 37%; P =.001), and higher grade tumors (percentage grade 3: 52% vs 30%; P =.07), but a shorter median follow-up time (20 months vs 32 months; P <.001).
CONCLUSIONS. Compared with suboptimally dosed patients, the optimally dosed E75 vaccine in disease-free BCa patients had similar toxicity but enhanced HER-2/neu-specific immunity that may lead to decreased recurrences with additional follow-up.
C1 [Gates, Jeremy D.; Benavides, Linda C.; Peoples, George E.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Gen Surg Serv, Dept Surg, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
[Holmes, Jarrod P.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Div Hematol & Med Oncol, Dept Med, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[Hueman, Matthew T.; Carmichael, Mark G.; Stojadinovic, Alexander; Ponniah, Sathibalan; Peoples, George E.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, US Mil Canc Inst, Canc Vaccine Dev Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Carmichael, Mark G.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Hematol & Med Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
[Patil, Ritesh; Craig, Dianna] Windber Med Ctr, Joyce Murtha Breast Care Ctr, Windber, PA USA.
[Mittendorf, Elizabeth A.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Surg Oncol, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
RP Peoples, GE (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Gen Surg Serv, Dept Surg, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
EM george.peoples@amedd.army.mil
FU United States Military Cancer Institute, Department of Surgery,
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; Department of
Clinical Investigation at Walter Reed Army Medical Center.
FX Supported by the United States Military Cancer Institute, Department of
Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, and the
Department of Clinical Investigation at Walter Reed Army Medical Center.
NR 34
TC 33
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 1
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0008-543X
J9 CANCER
JI Cancer
PD OCT 1
PY 2008
VL 113
IS 7
BP 1666
EP 1675
DI 10.1002/cncr.23772
PG 10
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA 354TK
UT WOS:000259661700024
PM 18726994
ER
PT J
AU Nollens, HH
Ruiz, C
Walsh, MT
Gulland, FMD
Bossart, G
Jensen, ED
McBain, JF
Wellehan, JFX
AF Nollens, Hendrik H.
Ruiz, Carolina
Walsh, Michael T.
Gulland, Frances M. D.
Bossart, Gregory
Jensen, Eric D.
McBain, James F.
Wellehan, James F. X.
TI Cross-reactivity between immunoglobulin G antibodies of whales and
dolphins correlates with evolutionary distance
SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS;
MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; POLYCLONAL ANTIBODIES; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION;
TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; MARINE MAMMALS; PROTEIN-A;
CETACEANS
AB Growing morphological and molecular evidence indicates that the porpoises, dolphins, and whales evolved within the even-toed ungulates, formerly known as Artiodactyla. These animals are now grouped in the Cetartiodactyla. We evaluated the antigenic similarity of the immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecules of 15 cetacean species and the domestic cow. The similarity was scored using three distinct antibodies raised against bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) IgG in a Western blot, an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and a competitive ELISA format. A score was generated for the genetic distance between each species and T. truncatus using the cytochrome b sequence. Each antibody displayed a distinct pattern of reactivity with the IgG antibodies of the various species. The monoclonal antibody (MAb) specific for the gamma heavy chain of T. truncatus was reactive with all monodontids, delphinids, and phocoenids. The light-chain-specific MAb reacted with IgG of delphinoid and phocoenid species and one of the two mysticete species tested. The polyclonal antibody was broadly cross-reactive across all cetaceans and the domestic cow. Using the MAb specific for the gamma heavy chain, the degree of IgG cross-reactivity ranged from less than 17% for the mysticetes to 106% for killer whale Orcinus orca. The IgG in beaked whale and baleen whale sera was significantly less cross-reactive with bottlenose dolphin IgG than sera from other toothed whales. A strong negative correlation was demonstrated between antigenic cross-reactivity of IgG molecules and the genetic distance of their hosts. The data generated will be useful for the development of clinical serodiagnostics in diverse cetacean species.
C1 [Nollens, Hendrik H.; Ruiz, Carolina; Walsh, Michael T.; Wellehan, James F. X.] Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, Marine Mammal Hlth Program, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
[Nollens, Hendrik H.; Ruiz, Carolina; Walsh, Michael T.; Wellehan, James F. X.] Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, Dept Small Anim Clin Sci, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
[Gulland, Frances M. D.] Marine Mammal Ctr, Sausalito, CA 94965 USA.
[Bossart, Gregory] Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst Inc, Div Marine Mammal Res & Conservat, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA.
[Jensen, Eric D.] USN, Marine Mammal Program, Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[McBain, James F.] SeaWorld San Diego, San Diego, CA 92109 USA.
RP Nollens, HH (reprint author), Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, Marine Mammal Hlth Program, POB 100126, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
EM NollensH@vetmed.ufl.edu
RI Wellehan, James/B-2021-2008;
OI Wellehan, Jim/0000-0001-5692-6134
FU National Marine Fisheries Service [NA05NMF4391182]
FX All sample collection protocols were approved by the University of
Florida Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC E046). The
collection of some of the sera was supported by Prescott grant
NA05NMF4391182 from the National Marine Fisheries Service to G. B. All
samples were collected, analyzed, and archived in accordance with the
NOAA Fisheries Permits to the Marine Mammal Health and Stranding
Response Program (no. 932-1489-01, 1054-1731, and 932-1489-00).; We
thank the support staff of Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution,
SeaWorld Adventure Parks, The Marine Mammal Center, and the U. S. Navy
Marine Mammal Program for technical support of this study.
NR 41
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 1556-6811
J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL
JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 15
IS 10
BP 1547
EP 1554
DI 10.1128/CVI.00219-08
PG 8
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 357BQ
UT WOS:000259821700009
PM 18768672
ER
PT J
AU Gamezo, VN
Ogawa, T
Oran, ES
AF Gamezo, Vadim N.
Ogawa, Takanobu
Oran, Elaine S.
TI Flame acceleration and DDT in channels with obstacles: Effect of
obstacle spacing
SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrogen; Combustion; Detonation; DDT
ID TO-DETONATION TRANSITION; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; AIR MIXTURES; HOT-SPOTS;
DEFLAGRATION; EXPLOSIONS; PROPAGATION; COMBUSTION; METHANE
AB We study flame acceleration and deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT) in obstructed channels using 2D reactive Navier-Stokes numerical simulations. The energy release rate for the stoichiometric hydrogen-air mixture is modeled by one-step Arrhenius kinetics. Computations performed for channels with symmetrical and staggered obstacle configurations show two main effects of obstacle spacing S. First, more obstacles per unit length create more perturbations that increase the flame surface area more quickly, and therefore the flame speed grows faster. Second, DDT Occurs more easily when the obstacle spacing is large enough for Mach stems to form between obstacles. These two effects are responsible for three different regimes of flame acceleration and DDT observed in Simulations: (1) Detonation is ignited when a Mach stem formed by the diffracting shock reflecting from the side wall collides with an obstacle, (2) Mach stems do not form, and the detonation is not ignited, and (3) Mach stems do not form, but the leading shock becomes strong enough to ignite a detonation by direct collision with the top of an obstacle. Regime 3 is observed for small S and involves multiple isolated detonations that appear between obstacles and play a key role in final stages of flame and shock acceleration. For Regime I and staggered obstacle configurations, we observe resonance phenomena that significantly reduce the DDT time when S/2 is comparable to the channel width. Effects of imposed symmetry and stochasticity on DDT phenomena are also considered. (c) 2008 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gamezo, Vadim N.; Oran, Elaine S.] USN, Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Ogawa, Takanobu] Seikei Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Musashino, Tokyo 1808633, Japan.
RP Gamezo, VN (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM gamezo@lcp.nrl.navy.mil
FU Japanese New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
(NEDO); NASA ATP program; Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) through the
Office of Naval Research
FX This work was supported in part by the Japanese New Energy and
Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) in cooperation
with Shumizu Corporation and Berkeley Research Associates, Inc., by the
NASA ATP program, and by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) through the
Office of Naval Research. Computing facilities were provided by the DOD
HPCMP program.
NR 35
TC 75
Z9 79
U1 3
U2 22
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0010-2180
J9 COMBUST FLAME
JI Combust. Flame
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 155
IS 1-2
BP 302
EP 315
DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2008.06.004
PG 14
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary;
Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 364VB
UT WOS:000260362400021
ER
PT J
AU Giles, KE
Trosset, MW
Marchette, DJ
Priebe, CE
AF Giles, Kendall E.
Trosset, Michael W.
Marchette, David J.
Priebe, Carey E.
TI Iterative denoising
SO COMPUTATIONAL STATISTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE knowledge discovery; text mining; classification; clustering
ID NONLINEAR DIMENSIONALITY REDUCTION; ALGORITHM; EIGENMAPS; GRAPHS
AB One problem in many fields is knowledge discovery in heterogeneous, high-dimensional data. As an example, in text mining an analyst often wishes to identify meaningful, implicit, and previously unknown information in an unstructured corpus. Lack of metadata and the complexities of document space make this task difficult. We describe Iterative Denoising, a methodology for knowledge discovery in large heterogeneous datasets that allows a user to visualize and to discover potentially meaningful relationships and structures. In addition, we demonstrate the features of this methodology in the analysis of a heterogeneous Science News corpus.
C1 [Giles, Kendall E.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Stat Sci & Operat Res, Richmond, VA 23284 USA.
[Trosset, Michael W.] Indiana Univ, Dept Stat, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Marchette, David J.] USN, Dahlgren Div, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA.
[Priebe, Carey E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RP Giles, KE (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Stat Sci & Operat Res, Med Coll Virginia Campus, Richmond, VA 23284 USA.
EM kendallgiles@gmail.com
RI Priebe, Carey E./A-3305-2010
NR 41
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 0943-4062
EI 1613-9658
J9 COMPUTATION STAT
JI Comput. Stat.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 23
IS 4
BP 497
EP 517
DI 10.1007/s00180-007-0090-8
PG 21
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA 357QK
UT WOS:000259861000001
ER
PT J
AU Huffmire, T
Sherwood, T
Kastner, R
Levin, T
AF Huffmire, Ted
Sherwood, Timothy
Kastner, Ryan
Levin, Timothy
TI Enforcing memory policy specifications in reconfigurable hardware
SO COMPUTERS & SECURITY
LA English
DT Article
DE Reconfigurable hardware; Protection mechanisms; Security and privacy
protection; Access controls; Covert channels
ID COMPUTING MACHINES; SYSTEMS
AB While general-purpose processor based systems are built to enforce memory protection to prevent the unintended sharing of data between processes, current systems built around reconfigurable hardware typically offer no such protection. Several reconfigurable cores are often integrated onto a single chip where they share external resources such as memory. While this enables small form factor and low cost designs, it opens up the opportunity for modules to intercept or even interfere with the operation of one another. We investigate the design and synthesis of an FPGA memory protection mechanism capable of enforcing access control policies and a methodology for translating formal policy descriptions into FPGA enforcement mechanisms. The efficiency of our access language design flow is evaluated in terms of area and cycle time across a variety of security scenarios. We also describe a technique for ensuring that the internal state of the reference monitor cannot be used as a covert storage channel. (c) Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Huffmire, Ted; Levin, Timothy] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Sherwood, Timothy] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Comp Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Kastner, Ryan] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Huffmire, T (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tdhuffmi@nps.edu; sherwood@cs.ucsb.edu; kastner@cs.ucsd.edu;
televin@nps.edu
NR 68
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
PI OXFORD
PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON,
OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0167-4048
EI 1872-6208
J9 COMPUT SECUR
JI Comput. Secur.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 27
IS 5-6
BP 197
EP 215
DI 10.1016/j.cose.2008.05.002
PG 19
WC Computer Science, Information Systems
SC Computer Science
GA 372JN
UT WOS:000260898000008
ER
PT J
AU de Leon, CP
Walsh, FC
Patrissi, CJ
Medeiros, MG
Bessette, RR
Reeve, RW
Lakeman, JB
Rose, A
Browning, D
AF de Leon, C. Ponce
Walsh, F. C.
Patrissi, C. J.
Medeiros, M. G.
Bessette, R. R.
Reeve, R. W.
Lakeman, J. B.
Rose, A.
Browning, D.
TI A direct borohydride-peroxide fuel cell using a Pd/Ir alloy coated
microfibrous carbon cathode
SO ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Au; Borohydride; 3-Dimensional carbon; FM01-LC; Fuel cell; H2O2;
Microfibrous; Pd/Ir
ID ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION; OXYGEN REDUCTION; GOLD ELECTRODES; PLATINUM
AB A direct borohydride fuel cell with a Pd/Ir catalysed microfibrous carbon cathode and a gold-catalysed microporous carbon cloth anode is reported. The fuel and oxidant were NaBH4 and H2O2, at concentrations within the range of 0.1-2.0 mol dm(-3) and 0.05-0.45 mol dm(-3), respectively. Different combinations of these reactants were examined at 10, 25 and 42 degrees C. At constant current density between 0 and 113 mA cm(-2), the Pd/Ir coated microfibrous carbon electrode proved more active for the reduction of peroxide ion than a platinised-carbon one. The maximum power density achieved was 78 mW cm(-2) at a current density of 71 mA cm(-2) and a cell voltage of 1.09 V. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [de Leon, C. Ponce; Walsh, F. C.] Univ Southampton, Sch Engn Sci, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
[Patrissi, C. J.; Medeiros, M. G.; Bessette, R. R.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
[Reeve, R. W.; Lakeman, J. B.; Rose, A.; Browning, D.] Dept Phys Sci, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, Wilts, England.
RP de Leon, CP (reprint author), Univ Southampton, Sch Engn Sci, Highfield Rd, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
EM capla@soton.ac.uk
FU US Office of Naval Research
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. Michele Anderson and Dr. Richard
Carlin from the US Office of Naval Research for funding this work as
well as colleagues at NUWC.
NR 17
TC 61
Z9 61
U1 0
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1388-2481
J9 ELECTROCHEM COMMUN
JI Electrochem. Commun.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 10
IS 10
BP 1610
EP 1613
DI 10.1016/j.elecom.2008.08.006
PG 4
WC Electrochemistry
SC Electrochemistry
GA 363OA
UT WOS:000260275400051
ER
PT J
AU Montgomery, JM
Hossain, MJ
Gurley, E
Carroll, DS
Croisier, A
Bertherat, E
Asgari, N
Formenty, P
Keeler, N
Comer, J
Bell, MR
Akram, K
Molla, AR
Zaman, K
Islam, MR
Wagoner, K
Mills, JN
Rollin, PE
Ksiazek, TG
Breiman, RF
AF Montgomery, Joel M.
Hossain, Mohamed J.
Gurley, E.
Carroll, D. S.
Croisier, A.
Bertherat, E.
Asgari, N.
Formenty, P.
Keeler, N.
Comer, J.
Bell, M. R.
Akram, K.
Molla, A. R.
Zaman, K.
Islam, Mohamed R.
Wagoner, K.
Mills, J. N.
Rollin, P. E.
Ksiazek, T. G.
Breiman, R. F.
TI Risk factors for Nipah virus encephalitis in Bangladesh
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID ABATTOIR WORKERS; FLYING-FOXES; HENDRA VIRUS; PIG-FARMERS; MALAYSIA;
INFECTION; TRANSMISSION; SINGAPORE; OUTBREAK; PARAMYXOVIRUS
AB Nipah virus (NiV) is a paramyxovirus that causes severe encephalitis in humans. During January 2004, twelve patients with NiV encephalitis (NiVE) were identified in west-central Bangladesh. A case-control study was conducted to identify factors associated with NiV infection. NiVE patients from the outbreak were enrolled in a matched case-control study. Exact odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by using a matched analysis. Climbing trees (83% of cases vs. 51% of controls, OR 8.2, 95% Cl 1.25-infinity) and contact with another NiVE patient (67% of cases vs. 9% of controls, OR 21.4, 95% CI 2.78-966.1) were associated with infection. We did not identify an increased risk for NiV infection among persons who had contact with a potential intermediate host. Although we cannot rule out person-to-person transmission, case-patients were likely infected from contact with fruit bats or their secretions.
C1 [Montgomery, Joel M.; Carroll, D. S.; Keeler, N.; Comer, J.; Bell, M. R.; Wagoner, K.; Mills, J. N.; Rollin, P. E.; Ksiazek, T. G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Hossain, Mohamed J.; Gurley, E.; Breiman, R. F.] Int Ctr Diarrheal Dis Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
[Croisier, A.; Bertherat, E.; Asgari, N.; Formenty, P.] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
[Akram, K.; Zaman, K.] WHO, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
[Molla, A. R.; Islam, Mohamed R.] Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
RP Montgomery, JM (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment, 3230 Lima Pl, Washington, DC 20521 USA.
EM jmontgomery@cdc.gov
RI Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010
OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403
FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Department of Health and
Human Services; US Public Health Service
FX We thank the staff of the Bangladesh Ministry of Health, the
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh; the
Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research; the World
Health Organization (WHO) in Dhaka, Bangladesh, the WHO Communicable
Disease Surveillance and Response, Geneva; and M. Niezgoda and I. Kuzmin
for their collaborative support. We also acknowledge the contributions
of those who conducted the Nipah virus antibody assays, including J.L.
Betts, D.L. Cannon, K.A. Slaughter, T.L. Stevens, and P.C. Stockton.
Many thanks to S. Luby, J. Woodward, J. Robertson, and K. Montgomery for
helpful reviews of the manuscript. Finally, we respectfully acknowledge
the many Nipah virus-infected patients, their families, and the
healthcare providers who cared for them in Bangladesh.; The Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services,
US Public Health Service, provided financial support for this research.;
Dr Montgomery is an infectious disease epidemiologist, who completed his
training with the CDC Epidemic Intelligence Service in 2004. His main
research interests are infectious diseases of public health importance,
especially those of zoonotic origin. He is currently detailed from CDC
to the US Naval Medical Research Center Detachment in Lima, Peru, and is
director of their Emerging Infectious Diseases Program and Outbreak
Investigation Response Team.
NR 34
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 10
PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 14
IS 10
BP 1526
EP 1532
DI 10.3201/eid1410.060507
PG 7
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 357JK
UT WOS:000259841900003
PM 18826814
ER
PT J
AU Clemens, R
Pressman, P
AF Clemens, Roger
Pressman, Peter
TI Fishing for Better Health
SO FOOD TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Clemens, Roger] ETHorn, La Mirada, CA USA.
[Pressman, Peter] USN, LCDR, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Clemens, R (reprint author), ETHorn, La Mirada, CA USA.
EM rclemens@ethorn.com; drpressman@gmail.com
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS
PI CHICAGO
PA 525 WEST VAN BUREN, STE 1000, CHICAGO, IL 60607-3814 USA
SN 0015-6639
J9 FOOD TECHNOL-CHICAGO
JI Food Technol.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 62
IS 10
BP 21
EP 21
PG 1
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA 364YZ
UT WOS:000260373300009
ER
PT J
AU Bosshard, M
AF Bosshard, Marianne
TI Connection, vol 1, Muslim Lelene
SO FRENCH REVIEW
LA French
DT Book Review
C1 [Bosshard, Marianne] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Bosshard, M (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ASSOC TEACHERS FRENCH
PI CARBONDALE
PA MAILCODE 4510, SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV, CARBONDALE, IL 62901-4510 USA
SN 0016-111X
J9 FR REV
JI Fr. Rev.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 82
IS 1
BP 195
EP 196
PG 2
WC Literature, Romance
SC Literature
GA 361VS
UT WOS:000260156100056
ER
PT J
AU Thorsos, EI
Richardson, MD
Lynch, JF
AF Thorsos, Eric I.
Richardson, Michael D.
Lynch, James F.
TI Special Issue on Sediment Acoustic Processes
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Thorsos, Eric I.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Richardson, Michael D.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[Lynch, James F.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Thorsos, EI (reprint author), Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
EM eit@apl.washington.edu; mike.richardson@nrlssc.navy.mil; jlynch@whoi.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0364-9059
J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG
JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 33
IS 4
BP 357
EP 358
DI 10.1109/JOE.2008.2011783
PG 2
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic; Oceanography
SC Engineering; Oceanography
GA 407OY
UT WOS:000263375400001
ER
PT J
AU Nosal, EM
Tao, CH
Baffi, S
Fu, SS
Richardson, MD
Wilkens, RH
AF Nosal, Eva-Marie
Tao, Chunhui
Baffi, Stefano
Fu, Shunsheng S.
Richardson, Michael D.
Wilkens, Roy H.
TI Compressional Wave Speed Dispersion and Attenuation in Carbonate
Sediments, Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, HI
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Attenuation measurement; carbonate sediment; geoacoustic; seafloor;
sound-speed measurement
ID MARINE-SEDIMENTS; SOUND SPEED; BIOT THEORY; SATURATED SAND;
POROUS-MEDIA; PROPAGATION; APPLICABILITY; VELOCITIES; SAX99
AB In situ compressional wave speed and attenuation measurements between 20 and 100 kHz were made at two carbonate sediment sites in Kaneohe Bay, on the windward side of the Hawaiian island of Oahu. Velocities increased with frequency from 1691 to 1708 m/s at a coarse sediment site (HC, porosity=0.45) and from 1579 to 1585 m/s at a fine-grained sediment site (HF, porosity = 0.56). Effective attenuation increased with frequency from 15 to 75 dB/m at HC and from 22 to 62 dB/m at HF. Values of sound speed at these sites are within the range of those reported in the literature for silicate sands of the same porosity. Attenuation values of these reef-derived carbonate sands are higher than many of those reported in the literature for silicate sands and they appear to be linearly related to frequency (alpha = 0.65 f). Sound-speed and attenuation data were compared to predictions of two sediment geoacoustic models, Biot-Stoll and grain shearing (GS). In both models, two unknown parameters were varied to find best fits at each site to: 1) both attenuation and sound-speed data and 2) sound-speed data only. Both models yielded similar fits, which differ significantly from the measured data.
C1 [Nosal, Eva-Marie] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Dept Geol & Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Tao, Chunhui] Second Inst Oceanog SOA China, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
[Baffi, Stefano] Horizon Energy Partners BV, NL-2595 BR The Hague, Netherlands.
[Fu, Shunsheng S.] Hawaii State Dept Hlth, Solid & Hazardous Waste Branch, Honolulu, HI 96814 USA.
[Richardson, Michael D.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[Wilkens, Roy H.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Nosal, EM (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Dept Geol & Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM nosal@hawaii.edu; taochunhuimail@163.com; stefano.baffi@horizon-ep.com;
ssfu39@yahoo.com; mrichardson@nrlssc.navy.mil; rwilkens@hawaii.edu
FU U.S. Office of Naval Research Ocean Acoustics and Coastal Geosciences
Programs; Naval Research Laboratory; National Science Foundation of
China [NSFC49906004]; State Oceanic Administration of China [2000502];
Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China [2002AA615130]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research Ocean
Acoustics and Coastal Geosciences Programs, the Naval Research
Laboratory, the National Science Foundation of China under Grant
NSFC49906004, the State Oceanic Administration of China under Grant
2000502, and the Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China under
Grant 2002AA615130.
NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0364-9059
J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG
JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 33
IS 4
BP 367
EP 374
DI 10.1109/JOE.2008.920212
PG 8
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic; Oceanography
SC Engineering; Oceanography
GA 407OY
UT WOS:000263375400003
ER
PT J
AU Bosworth, BT
Bernecky, WR
Nickila, JD
Adal, B
Carter, GC
AF Bosworth, Barry T.
Bernecky, W. Robert
Nickila, James D.
Adal, Berhane
Carter, G. Clifford
TI Estimating Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
ID TIME-DELAY ESTIMATION; AMBIENT NOISE; ALGORITHM; TRANSFORM; OCEAN
AB In many scientific studies involving evaluation of competing ocean engineering systems or the fundamental limits of system performance it is necessary to compare signal power with noise power; in particular, one needs to estimate the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). SNR is important in the performance of detection and passive localization, where the bearing to an acoustic source is one parameter to be determined given acoustic signal waveforms received at two hydrophones. We provide a brief explanation of methods to estimate SNR. A discussion is included on the difficulty of this task both in theory and in practice. Simulation results are provided explicitly illustrating the difficulty in obtaining accurate estimates even under ideal conditions. This work has applicability to a wide variety of technical problems including the evaluation of the performance of passive localization techniques of interest to the ocean engineering community.
C1 [Bosworth, Barry T.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Sci Technol & Adv Syst Div Sensors, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Sonar Syst Dept, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
RP Bosworth, BT (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Sci Technol & Adv Syst Div Sensors, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
EM bosworthbt@npt.nuwc.navy.mil
NR 19
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0364-9059
J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG
JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 33
IS 4
BP 414
EP 418
DI 10.1109/JOE.2008.2001780
PG 5
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic; Oceanography
SC Engineering; Oceanography
GA 407OY
UT WOS:000263375400008
ER
PT J
AU Clark, CA
Smith, KB
AF Clark, Cathy Ann
Smith, Kevin B.
TI An Efficient Normal Mode Solution to Wave Propagation Prediction
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Acoustics; diffraction; normal modes; underwater sound propagation; wave
equation
ID BOTTOM
AB In this paper, an overview of a normal mode method of solving the Helmholtz wave equation to describe the underwater sound field for a fixed-point source in a plane multilayered medium is presented. The mode functions are well-defined at all depths of the medium as they are continuous across turning points of the separated depth-dependent differential equation. Comparisons of model results to a limited number of measured data sets and benchmark propagation codes are presented.
C1 [Clark, Cathy Ann] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
[Smith, Kevin B.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Clark, CA (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
EM cathy.clark@navy.mil; kbsmith@nps.edu
NR 14
TC 3
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0364-9059
J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG
JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 33
IS 4
BP 462
EP 476
DI 10.1109/JOE.2008.2005344
PG 15
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic; Oceanography
SC Engineering; Oceanography
GA 407OY
UT WOS:000263375400013
ER
PT J
AU Flatte, SM
Colosi, JA
AF Flatte, Stanley M.
Colosi, John A.
TI Anisotropy of the Wavefront Distortion for Acoustic Pulse Propagation
Through Ocean Sound-Speed Fluctuations: A Ray Perspective
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Acoustic scattering; internal waves; rays
ID NORTH PACIFIC-OCEAN; INTERNAL WAVES; RANDOM-MEDIA; RANGE; TIME;
STABILITY; CHANNELS
AB Observations of broadband sound propagation through the deep ocean, rich in sound-speed inhomogeneities, show that the double accordion acoustic wavefront pattern expected from model predictions without inhomogeneities is remarkably stable. This stability is found for propagation ranges tip to 5000 km for acoustic frequencies of 28-84 Hz, and up to 1200-km range for 250 Hz. While the observed wavefront pattern Is stable, the acoustic intensity along the wavefront is not. Furthermore, significant vertical extension of turning point caustics has been observed. This line of evidence suggests that the scattering is anisotropic in the sense that it is primarily along the wavefront, rather than across it. In addition, ray and parabolic equation simulations of acoustic propagation through ocean internal waves obeying the Garrett-Munk (GM) internal wave spectrum reinforce this notion of the anisotropy of the wavefront distortion. This paper presents a ray-based physical model for this phenomenon based oil small angle forward scattering and provides analytic formulas to predict the wavefront distortions caused by ocean Internal waves and other ocean processes. Further applications include out-of vertical-plane scattering and wavefront healing near seamounts or islands.
C1 [Flatte, Stanley M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Colosi, John A.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Flatte, SM (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM jacolosi@nps.edu
FU Office of Naval Research
FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research.
NR 30
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0364-9059
J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG
JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 33
IS 4
BP 477
EP 488
DI 10.1109/JOE.2008.2006341
PG 12
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic; Oceanography
SC Engineering; Oceanography
GA 407OY
UT WOS:000263375400014
ER
PT J
AU Cochenour, BM
Mullen, LJ
Laux, AE
AF Cochenour, Brandon M.
Mullen, Linda J.
Laux, Alan E.
TI Characterization of the Beam-Spread Function for Underwater Wireless
Optical Communications Links
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Underwater optical communications
ID SMALL-ANGLE-SCATTERING; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING
AB Optical links are currently being considered for high-bandwidth underwater communications at short ranges (< 100 m). To predict the performance or these links, a firm understanding of flow the inherent optical properties of water affect the encoded optical signal is needed. Of particular interest is the impact of scattering due to particulates. Typically. the link loss is computed using the beam attenuation coefficient, which describes the attenuation of nonscattered light due to absorption and scattering. This approach is insufficient, as it neglects the contribution of scattered light to the total received signal. Given the dynamic nature of underwater platforms, as well as the dynamic nature of the environment itself, knowledge of the angular dependence of forward-scattered light is imperative for determining pointing and tracking requirements as well as overall signal to noise. In this work, the theory necessary to describe spatial spreading, of an optical beam in the presence of scattering agents underwater is reviewed. This theory is then applied to a performance prediction model that is validated via laboratory experiments. Finally, the model is used to study the impact of spatial spreading on an underwater optical link.
C1 [Cochenour, Brandon M.; Mullen, Linda J.; Laux, Alan E.] USN, Air Syst Command NAVAIR, Patuxent River Naval Air Stn, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA.
RP Cochenour, BM (reprint author), USN, Air Syst Command NAVAIR, Patuxent River Naval Air Stn, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA.
EM brandon.cochenour@navy.mil; linda.mullen@navy.mil; alan.laux@navy.mil
NR 24
TC 47
Z9 48
U1 1
U2 11
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0364-9059
J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG
JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 33
IS 4
BP 513
EP 521
DI 10.1109/JOE.2008.2005341
PG 9
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic; Oceanography
SC Engineering; Oceanography
GA 407OY
UT WOS:000263375400017
ER
PT J
AU Bandyopadhyay, PR
Singh, SN
Thivierge, DP
Annaswamy, AM
Leinhos, HA
Fredette, AR
Beal, DN
AF Bandyopadhyay, Promode R.
Singh, Sahjendra N.
Thivierge, Daniel P.
Annaswamy, Anuradha M.
Leinhos, Henry A.
Fredette, Albert R.
Beal, David N.
TI Synchronization of Animal-Inspired Multiple High-Lift Fins in an
Underwater Vehicle Using Olivo-Cerebellar Dynamics
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Biorobotic autonomous undersea vehicle (BAUV); feedback linearization;
inferior olives (IOs); olivo-cerebellar control; phase synchronization
ID CHAOTIC SYSTEMS; CONTROL SURFACES; INFERIOR OLIVE; INSECT FLIGHT; MODEL;
HYDRODYNAMICS; OSCILLATIONS; FISH
AB The development of neuroscience-based control methodologies and their integration with the high-lift unsteady hydrodynamics of control surfaces inspired by swimming and flying animals are the subjects of this paper. A biology-inspired rigid autonomous undersea vehicle called the biorobotic autonomous undersea vehicle (BAUV) has been developed at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center (NUWC), Newport, RI. The BAUV is equipped with six simultaneously rolling and pitching fins for generating large unsteady control forces for performing agile maneuvers. First, as an exploratory example, we introduce the van der Pol oscillator as an oscillatory controller for the BAUV and we describe experiments performed to examine the fin forces (thrust and lift) and electric power requirement, and to demonstrate the effectiveness of the oscillator's limit cycle property for disturbance rejection effectiveness. We then describe a BAUV control system that includes six inferior-olive (IO) neuron models for control of the pitch and roll motion of the six foils. These IO neurons exhibit limit cycle oscillation (LCO). For control of the BAUV, these IO neurons must oscillate in synchronism with specific relative phases. We present here four feedback linearizing control systems of varying complexity for control of the relative phases of the IO neurons. It is shown that each of the IO control systems accomplishes asymptotic regulation of the phases and thus enables the foils to produce the required control forces. The first controller has a global synchronization property, but the remaining controllers accomplish local synchronization. We present simulation results for tracking piecewise, time-varying phase angle commands as well as experimental results for control of the BAUV by IO neurons. The results show that with appropriate phasing of the fins, an optimal graceful gait of the BAUV is achieved where no untoward force or moment is present. An analog hardware version of the local controller with a cluster of six IO neurons has also been built, which allows five of the signals to rapidly synchronize to the reference, with or without prescribed phase shift, much like in the simulations. The designed controllers can be used in any platform or multivariate BAUV-like system requiring fast, accurate phase control. Laboratory test results for the phase synchronization of two servomotors (roll and pitch) using the designed analog hardware controller are also shown.
C1 [Bandyopadhyay, Promode R.; Thivierge, Daniel P.; Leinhos, Henry A.; Fredette, Albert R.; Beal, David N.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Autonomous Syst & Technol Dept, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
[Singh, Sahjendra N.] Univ Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
[Annaswamy, Anuradha M.] MIT, Act Adapt Control Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Annaswamy, Anuradha M.] MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Bandyopadhyay, PR (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Autonomous Syst & Technol Dept, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
EM promode.bandyopadhya@navy.mil; sahaj@ee.unlv.edu;
daniel.thivierge@navy.mil; aanna@mit.edu; henry.leinhos@navy.mil;
albert.fredette@navy.mil; david.beal@navy.mil
FU U.S. Office of Naval Research
FX This work was supported by the Cognitive and Neurosciences Program of
the U.S. Office of Naval Research, program officer Dr. T. McKenna. The
research was carried out at the Naval Undersea warfare Center, Newport,
RI.
NR 31
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 6
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0364-9059
J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG
JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 33
IS 4
BP 563
EP 578
DI 10.1109/JOE.2008.2005356
PG 16
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic; Oceanography
SC Engineering; Oceanography
GA 407OY
UT WOS:000263375400021
ER
PT J
AU Lee, JS
Ainsworth, TL
Kelly, JP
Lopez-Martinez, C
AF Lee, Jong-Sen
Ainsworth, Thomas L.
Kelly, John P.
Lopez-Martinez, Carlos
TI Evaluation and Bias Removal of Multilook Effect on
Entropy/Alpha/Anisotropy in Polarimetric SAR Decomposition
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
CY JUL 23-27, 2007
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP IEEE
DE Monte Carlo simulation; multilooking; polarimetric synthetic aperture
radar (PoISAR); polarimetric target decomposition
ID TARGET SCATTERING DECOMPOSITION; UNSUPERVISED CLASSIFICATION; RADAR
POLARIMETRY; SPECKLE; PARAMETERS; IMAGERY; THEOREMS; MODEL
AB Entropy, alpha, and anisotropy (H/alpha/A) of the polarimetric target decomposition have been an effective and popular tool for polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image analysis and for a geophysical parameter estimation. However, multilook processing can severely affect the values of these parameters. In this paper, a Monte Carlo simulation is used to evaluate and remove the bias generated by the multilook effect on these parameters for various media composed of grassland, forest, and urban returns. Due to insufficient averaging, entropy, is underestimated, and anisotropy is overestimated. We also found that the bias in the alpha angle can be either underestimated or overestimated depending on scattering mechanisms. Based on simulation results, efficient bias removal procedures have been developed. In particular, the entropy bias can be precisely corrected, and the amount of correction is independent of the radar frequency and SAR systems. Data from L-band Advanced Land Observing Satellite/phased array type L-band SAR, German Aerospace Research Center (DLR)/enhanced SAR, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)/airborne SAR, and X-band polarimetric and interferometric SAR are used for demonstration in this paper.
C1 [Lee, Jong-Sen; Ainsworth, Thomas L.; Kelly, John P.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Lee, Jong-Sen] Natl Cent Univ, Ctr Space & Remote Sensing Res, Jhongli, Taiwan.
Univ Politecn Cataluna, Act Remote Sensing Grp, ES-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
RP Lee, JS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jong_sen_lee@yahoo.com
RI Lopez-Martinez, Carlos/J-7446-2012
OI Lopez-Martinez, Carlos/0000-0002-1366-9446
NR 30
TC 50
Z9 51
U1 0
U2 7
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0196-2892
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 46
IS 10
BP 3039
EP 3052
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2008.922033
PN 1
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA 359PJ
UT WOS:000260000300029
ER
PT J
AU Allen, RJ
Curry, RD
Oliver, BV
AF Allen, Raymond J.
Curry, Randy D.
Oliver, Bryan V.
TI Special Issue on Pulsed Power Science and Technology
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Allen, Raymond J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Curry, Randy D.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Oliver, Bryan V.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Allen, RJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0093-3813
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 36
IS 5
BP 2495
EP 2496
DI 10.1109/TPS.2008.2006517
PN 3
PG 2
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 378ZJ
UT WOS:000261363400001
ER
PT J
AU Ottinger, PF
Schumer, JW
Hinshelwood, DD
Allen, RJ
AF Ottinger, Paul F.
Schumer, Joseph W.
Hinshelwood, David D.
Allen, Raymond J.
TI Generalized Model for Magnetically Insulated Transmission Line Flow
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Electron emission; electron pressure; flow impedance; fluid model;
magnetically insulated transmission line (MITL); power flow
ID ELECTRON FLOW
AB A generalized fluid model is developed for electron flow in a magnetically insulated transmission line (MITL). By including electron pressure in the fluid model and allowing nonzero values of the electric field at the cathode, the model can treat both emission and retrapping of flow electrons. For the first time, a direct derivation of the space-charge correction term in the flow equations is also obtained by identifying a new condition at the boundary of the electron layer. Also, a free parameter in the model is chosen so that previously derived MITL flow equations are recovered when the electric field at the cathode is taken to zero; consequently, recent equilibrium MITL rescaling results still apply. Generalized MITL flow equations are derived from the model and solutions presented. These new equations form the basis for a description of the dynamic MITL flow.
C1 [Ottinger, Paul F.; Schumer, Joseph W.; Hinshelwood, David D.; Allen, Raymond J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Ottinger, PF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM ottinger@nrl.navy.mil; schumer@nrl.navy.mil; hinshelwood@nrl.navy.mil;
allen@nrl.navy.mil
RI Schumer, Joseph/D-7591-2013
FU U.S. Department of Energy through Sandia National Laboratories
[DE-AC04-94AL-85000]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy through Sandia
National Laboratories under Contract DE-AC04-94AL-85000.
NR 9
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0093-3813
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 36
IS 5
BP 2708
EP 2721
DI 10.1109/TPS.2008.2004221
PN 3
PG 14
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 378ZJ
UT WOS:000261363400033
ER
PT J
AU Snodgrass, RE
Black, WZ
AF Snodgrass, Robert E.
Black, W. Z.
TI Design of safety devices to mitigate explosions in underground vaults
and manholes
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY
LA English
DT Article
DE arcing faults; gas explosions; mitigating explosions; safety devices;
transmission and distribution safety; underground manholes; underground
vaults
ID MECHANICAL ANALYSIS
AB Results from a computer program are used to compare several alternative safety devices that can mitigate the effects of explosions in underground structures. After eliminating several candidate designs that are impractical or uneconomical, attention is focused on a flexible tether that can be attached to the manhole cover so that the cover does not become a dangerous projectile. An appropriate tether design is recommended which can restrain the cover when an explosion occurs in the structure. Types of explosions considered include an ignition of a combustible gas, an arcing fault, and the combination of an arcing fault followed by a gas explosion. Flexible tethers, such as traditional seat belt webbings, are shown to be superior to steel cables or chains. The tether material, length, and the amount of slack are shown to be critical factors in the design of an effective tether system. The effect of holes in the manhole cover that can vent the high-pressure gases inside the vault are shown to have a desirable effect on the size and geometry of the tether. An examination of the output is used to recommend characteristics of a tether system that will successfully mitigate the effects of an explosion, regardless of the source.
C1 [Snodgrass, Robert E.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren Lab, Naval Sea Syst Command, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA.
[Black, W. Z.] Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Snodgrass, RE (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren Lab, Naval Sea Syst Command, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA.
EM robert.snodgrass@navy.mil; william.black@me.gatech.edu
NR 9
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0885-8977
J9 IEEE T POWER DELIVER
JI IEEE Trans. Power Deliv.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 23
IS 4
BP 2262
EP 2269
DI 10.1109/TPWRD.2008.919045
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 353NF
UT WOS:000259574000069
ER
PT J
AU Blunt, SD
Dower, W
Gerlach, K
AF Blunt, S. D.
Dower, W.
Gerlach, K.
TI Hybrid interference suppression for multistatic radar
SO IET RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd IEEE International Workshop on Computational Advances in
Multi-Sensor Adaptive Processing
CY DEC 12-14, 2007
CL St Thomas, VI
SP IEEE
AB The accurate estimation of a monostatic radar range pro. le is considered when in the presence of multistatic radar interference for which the illuminating waveforms are assumed known. In an effort to approach the ideal interference-free performance, the range-domain 'beamforming' properties of the recently developed multistatic adaptive pulse compression ( MAPC) algorithm is herein combined with the well-known CLEAN algorithm which operates on an interference-subtraction basis. Two versions of this hybridised methodology are presented and compared. To ascertain relative sensitivity, both the mean-squared error and the probability of detection are examined as a function of SNR when in the presence of multistatic interference. It is demonstrated that the respective merits of MAPC and CLEAN can be used to offset the limitations of the other and thereby combine to provide significant additional sensitivity improvement.
C1 [Blunt, S. D.; Dower, W.] Univ Kansas, ITTC Radar Syst Lab, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
[Gerlach, K.] USN, Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Blunt, SD (reprint author), Univ Kansas, ITTC Radar Syst Lab, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
EM sdblunt@ittc.ku.edu
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET
PI HERTFORD
PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND
SN 1751-8784
J9 IET RADAR SONAR NAV
JI IET Radar Sonar Navig.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 2
IS 5
BP 323
EP 333
DI 10.1049/iet-rsn:20070183
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 343TY
UT WOS:000258879300001
ER
PT J
AU Lee, Y
Hui, S
Zivi, E
Zak, SH
AF Lee, Yonggon
Hui, Stefen
Zivi, Edwin
Zak, Stanislaw H.
TI Variable neural adaptive robust controllers for uncertain systems
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADAPTIVE CONTROL AND SIGNAL PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE adaptive control; robust control; radial basis functions; neural
control; Lyapunov's stability; uniform ultimate boundedness
ID NONLINEAR-SYSTEMS; FUZZY CONTROLLERS; NETWORKS; APPROXIMATION; ALGORITHM
AB A class of variable neural adaptive robust controllers is proposed. Essential components of the proposed controllers are raised-cosine radial basis Function (RCRBF) neural networks that can vary their structures dynamically by adding or removing RBFs online. The compact Support of the RCRBFs alleviate the problem of determining the parameters of the RBFs and can. together with a simple adding and removing algorithm. significantly reduce the computational effort in the training process of the network. The stability of the overall closed-loop system is analyzed using the Lypaunov type of arguments. It is guaranteed that the tracking, error of the closed-loop systems driven by the proposed controller is uniformly ultimately bounded. Copyright (C) 2007 John Wiley & Sons. Ltd.
C1 [Lee, Yonggon; Zivi, Edwin] USN Acad, Weap & Syst Engn Dept, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Hui, Stefen] San Diego State Univ, Dept Math Sci, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Zak, Stanislaw H.] Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Lee, Y (reprint author), USN Acad, Weap & Syst Engn Dept, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM ylee@usna.edu
NR 29
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0890-6327
EI 1099-1115
J9 INT J ADAPT CONTROL
JI Int. J. Adapt. Control Signal Process.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 22
IS 8
BP 721
EP 738
DI 10.1002/acs.1015
PG 18
WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering
GA 367YF
UT WOS:000260587800001
ER
PT J
AU Santillan, ST
Plaut, RH
Witelski, TP
Virgin, LN
AF Santillan, S. T.
Plaut, R. H.
Witelski, T. P.
Virgin, L. N.
TI Large oscillations of beams and columns including self-weight
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NON-LINEAR MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
DE large vibrations; self-weight; elastica
ID NONLINEAR VIBRATION ANALYSIS; INITIAL AXIAL DISPLACEMENT; NON-LINEAR
VIBRATIONS; BUCKLED BEAMS; CLAMPED BEAM; CURVED BEAM; DYNAMICS;
DEFLECTION; CANTILEVER; RESONANCE
AB Large-amplitude, in-plane beam vibration is investigated using numerical simulations and a perturbation analysis applied to the dynamic elastica model. The governing non-linear boundary value problem is described in terms of the arclength, and the beam is treated as inextensible. The self-weight of the beam is included in the equations. First, a Finite difference numerical method is introduced. The system is discretized along the arclength, and second-order-accurate finite difference formulas are used to generate time series of large-amplitude motion of an upright cantilever. Secondly, a perturbation method (the method of multiple scales) is applied to obtain approximate solutions. An analytical backbone curve is generated, and the results are compared with those in the literature for various boundary conditions where the self-weight of the beam is neglected. The method is also used to characterize large-amplitude first-mode vibration of a cantilever with non-zero self-weight. The perturbation and finite difference results are compared for these cases and are seen to agree for a large range of vibration amplitudes. Finally, large-amplitude motion of a postbuckled, clamped-clamped beam is simulated for varying degrees of buckling and self-weight using the Finite difference method, and backbone curves are obtained. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Virgin, L. N.] Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Witelski, T. P.] Univ Oxford, Oxford Ctr Ind & Appl Math, Oxford OX1 3LB, England.
[Plaut, R. H.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Santillan, S. T.] USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Virgin, LN (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM l.virgin@duke.edu
RI Witelski, Thomas/G-5389-2016
OI Witelski, Thomas/0000-0003-0789-9859
NR 39
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 14
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0020-7462
J9 INT J NONLIN MECH
JI Int. J. Non-Linear Mech.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 43
IS 8
BP 761
EP 771
DI 10.1016/j.ijnonlinmec.2008.04.007
PG 11
WC Mechanics
SC Mechanics
GA 352HG
UT WOS:000259486100008
ER
PT J
AU Mastro, MA
Kim, CS
Kim, M
Caldwell, J
Holm, RT
Vurgaftman, I
Kim, J
Eddy, CR
Meyer, JR
AF Mastro, Michael A.
Kim, Chul Soo
Kim, Mijin
Caldwell, Josh
Holm, Ron T.
Vurgaftman, Igor
Kim, Jihyun
Eddy, Charles R., Jr.
Meyer, Jerry R.
TI Zinc Sulphide Overlayer Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystal for Enhanced
Extraction of Light from a Micro Cavity Light-Emitting Diode
SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE photonic crystal; GaN; micro cavity light-emitting diode
ID DISTRIBUTED BRAGG REFLECTORS; MICROCAVITIES; EMISSION; IMPACT; POWER
AB A two-dimensional (2D) ZnS photonic crystal was deposited on the surface of a one-dimensional (1 D) III-nitride micro cavity light-emitting diode (LED), to intermix the light extraction features of both structures (ID+2D). The deposition of an ideal micro-cavity optical thickness of approximate to lambda/2 is impractical for Ill-nitride LEDs, and in realistic multi-mode devices a large fraction of the light is lost to internal refraction as guided light. Therefore, a 2D photonic crystal on the surface of the LED was used to diffract and thus redirect this guided light out of the semiconductor over several hundred microns. Additionally, the employment of a post-epitaxy ZnS 2D photonic crystal avoided the typical etching into the GaN:Mg contact layer, a procedure which can cause damage to the near surface. [DOI: 10.1143/JJAP.47.7827]
C1 [Mastro, Michael A.; Caldwell, Josh; Holm, Ron T.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Kim, Chul Soo; Kim, Mijin; Vurgaftman, Igor; Meyer, Jerry R.] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Kim, Jihyun] Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 136701, South Korea.
RP Mastro, MA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM hyunhyun7@korea.ac.kr
RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008; Kim, Jihyun/F-6940-2013
OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168;
FU Office of Naval Research and Office of Naval Research-Global
[N00014-07-1-4035]; BK21 program
FX Research at the Naval Research Lab is partially supported by the Office
of Naval Research and Office of Naval Research-Global
(N00014-07-1-4035). Research at Korea University was supported by BK21
program.
NR 30
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 6
PU JAPAN SOCIETY APPLIED PHYSICS
PI TOKYO
PA KUDAN-KITA BUILDING 5TH FLOOR, 1-12-3 KUDAN-KITA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO,
102-0073, JAPAN
SN 0021-4922
J9 JPN J APPL PHYS
JI Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 10
BP 7827
EP 7830
DI 10.1143/JJAP.47.7827
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 365XV
UT WOS:000260443900014
ER
PT J
AU Robandt, PP
Reda, LJ
Klette, KL
AF Robandt, Paul P.
Reda, Louis J.
Klette, Kevin L.
TI Complete Automation of Solid-Phase Extraction with Subsequent Liquid
Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry for the Quantification of
Benzoylecgonine, m-Hydroxybenzoylecgonine, p-Hydroxybenzoylecgonine, and
Norbenzoylecgonine in Urine-Application to a High-Throughput Urine
Analysis Laboratory
SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ECGONINE METHYL-ESTER; RAPID CONFIRMATION/QUANTITATION;
DIRECT-INJECTION; COCAINE; METABOLITES; EXCRETION; SYSTEM
C1 [Robandt, Paul P.; Klette, Kevin L.] USN, Drug Screening Lab, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Reda, Louis J.] Fed Bur Invest Lab, Chem Unit, Quantico, VA 22135 USA.
RP Klette, KL (reprint author), USN, Drug Screening Lab, 34425 Farenholt Ave,Suite 40, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM kevin.klette@med.navy.mil
NR 19
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 4
PU PRESTON PUBL INC
PI NILES
PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA
SN 0146-4760
J9 J ANAL TOXICOL
JI J. Anal. Toxicol.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 32
IS 8
SI SI
BP 577
EP 585
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology
SC Chemistry; Toxicology
GA 360SO
UT WOS:000260078200007
PM 19007506
ER
PT J
AU Ancona, MG
Svizhenko, A
AF Ancona, M. G.
Svizhenko, A.
TI Density-gradient theory of tunneling: Physics and verification in one
dimension
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRON-GAS; SEMICONDUCTOR; SIMULATION; FORMULA; STATE
AB The application of an engineering-oriented continuum description of electron transport known as density-gradient theory to quantum mechanical tunneling is investigated, and its legitimacy, physical fidelity, and limitations are assessed using detailed comparisons with nonequilibrium Green's function simulations in one dimension. These comparisons demonstrate that despite the apparent contradiction, quantum tunneling can often be well represented by the classical field theory with the electron inertia term of Newton's second law playing a significant role. Moreover, the density-gradient approach is found to be quite accurate with the main source of error not being the description of the tunneling itself, but rather the representation of the carriers at high density inside the electrodes. A physical understanding of the ad hoc tunneling boundary conditions used in previous work is also provided. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2990065]
C1 [Ancona, M. G.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Svizhenko, A.] Silvaco Data Syst Inc, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA.
RP Ancona, MG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM ancona@estd.nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research
FX The first author thanks Dr. Chagaan Baatar of the Office of Naval
Research for his encouragement and funding support of this work.
NR 18
TC 6
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD OCT 1
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 7
AR 073726
DI 10.1063/1.2990065
PG 13
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 361KC
UT WOS:000260125500088
ER
PT J
AU Kar, A
Alexson, D
Dutta, M
Stroscio, MA
AF Kar, Ayan
Alexson, Dimitri
Dutta, Mitra
Stroscio, Michael. A.
TI Evidence of compositional inhomogeneity in In(x)Ga(1-x)N alloys using
ultraviolet and visible Raman spectroscopy.
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; QUANTUM-WELL STRUCTURES; MOLECULAR-BEAM
EPITAXY; PHASE-SEPARATION; INGAN; LIGHT; BLUE
AB In this paper we report a study of phase separation in bulk In(x)Ga(1-x)N films grown by metal organic chemical-vapor deposition using mid-UV Raman spectroscopy. Evidence of phase separation is observed by the occurrence of low frequency shoulders identified as minority phase in the A(1)(LO) Raman mode. A phase transition in the alloy from the metastable to unstable region was found to be occurring at an indium concentration of about 25%. Raman spectroscopic results also indicate that the compositional inhomogenity in our samples increase, as would be expected, with depth in the film. A direct correspondence is also found between the percentage of indium concentration in the film and the amount of compositional inhomogenity. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Kar, Ayan; Dutta, Mitra; Stroscio, Michael. A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
[Alexson, Dimitri] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA.
[Dutta, Mitra; Stroscio, Michael. A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
[Stroscio, Michael. A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Bioengn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
RP Dutta, M (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
EM dutta@ece.uic.edu
NR 16
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD OCT 1
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 7
AR 073502
DI 10.1063/1.2986140
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 361KC
UT WOS:000260125500027
ER
PT J
AU Shim, W
Kim, D
Lee, KI
Jeon, KJ
Ham, J
Chang, J
Han, SH
Jeung, WY
Johnson, M
Lee, W
AF Shim, Wooyoung
Kim, Dohun
Lee, Kyoung-Il
Jeon, Kye Jin
Ham, Jinhee
Chang, Joonyeon
Han, Suk-Hee
Jeung, Won Young
Johnson, Mark
Lee, Wooyoung
TI Magnetotransport properties of an individual single-crystalline Bi
nanowire grown by a stress induced method
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; ARRAYS
AB The magnetotransport properties of an individual crystalline Bi nanowire have been investigated in the range of 2-300 K using four-point measurements. I-V measurements show that the contacts were Ohmic at both 2 and 300 K, corresponding to resistivities of 1.0x10(-4) and 8.2x10(-5) Omega cm, respectively. The transverse magnetoresistance (MR) (2496% at 110 K) and longitudinal MR (-38% at 2 K) for the Bi nanowire were found to be larger than any values reported in the literature, demonstrating that the Bi nanowires grown by a stress induced method are high-quality single crystalline. The observed transverse and longitudinal MR behaviors in the Bi nanowire are consistent with variations in carrier concentrations as well as electronic structures, such as Fermi level and band overlap, based on simple two band model. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Shim, Wooyoung; Kim, Dohun; Lee, Kyoung-Il; Jeon, Kye Jin; Ham, Jinhee; Lee, Wooyoung] Yonsei Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
[Chang, Joonyeon; Han, Suk-Hee; Jeung, Won Young] Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Seoul 136791, South Korea.
[Johnson, Mark] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Lee, W (reprint author), Yonsei Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 134 Shinchon, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
EM wooyoung@yonsei.ac.kr
OI Kim, Dohun/0000-0001-9687-2089
FU KOSEF [R152004-024-00000-0]; Korean Government [KRF- 2007- 314- C00107];
Naval Research [N0001408WX20705]
FX This work was supported by KOSEF through National Core Research Center
for Nanomedical Technology (R152004-024-00000-0), by a grant from the
fundamental R& D Program for Core Technology of Materials funded by the
Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Republic of Korea, and by the Korea
Research Foundation Grant funded by the Korean Government (MOEHRD, Basic
Research Promotion Fund) (KRF- 2007- 314- C00107). MJ gratefully
acknowledges the partial support of the Office of Naval Research, grant
N0001408WX20705.
NR 14
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
EI 1089-7550
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD OCT 1
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 7
AR 073715
DI 10.1063/1.2980277
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 361KC
UT WOS:000260125500077
ER
PT J
AU Prak, DJL
Copper, CL
AF Prak, Dianne J. Luning
Copper, Christine L.
TI A chemistry minute: Recognizing chemistry in our daily lives
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
LA English
DT Article
ID CURRICULUM; SEMINAR
C1 [Prak, Dianne J. Luning; Copper, Christine L.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Prak, DJL (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM prak@usna.edu
RI Luning Prak, Dianne/B-8503-2011
OI Luning Prak, Dianne/0000-0002-5589-7287
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-9584
J9 J CHEM EDUC
JI J. Chem. Educ.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 85
IS 10
BP 1368
EP 1369
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education, Scientific Disciplines
SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research
GA 348WO
UT WOS:000259241000019
ER
PT J
AU Shrivastava, A
Muzykov, P
Caldwell, JD
Sudarshan, TS
AF Shrivastava, A.
Muzykov, P.
Caldwell, J. D.
Sudarshan, T. S.
TI Study of triangular defects and inverted pyramids in 4H-SiC 4 degrees
off-cut (0001) Si face epilayers
SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
LA English
DT Article
DE Characterization; Defects; Etching; Chemical vapor deposition processes;
Hot wall epitaxy; Semiconducting materials
ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; HOMOEPITAXIAL GROWTH;
CRYSTAL-GROWTH; INCLUSIONS; FAULTS
AB Growth of high-quality epilayers on low off-cut angle wafers is essential for the development of high-performance devices based on hexagonal SiC. Device killing defects such as triangular and inverted pyramid-type defects formed during homoepitaxial growth on the 4H-SiC Si face, 4 degrees off-cut towards [11 (2) over bar0] direction, have been investigated in this work. The goal of this research was to minimize or eliminate these defects. Growth parameters responsible for triangular defect formation were identified and optimized for its reduction. It was found that although growth at high temperatures reduces the density of triangular defects and inverted pyramid-type defects, it is not the only remedy for reducing their density; cleanliness of the susceptor along with the initial growth condition plays a major role in the formation of these defects. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Shrivastava, A.; Muzykov, P.; Sudarshan, T. S.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Elect Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Caldwell, J. D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Shrivastava, A (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Elect Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
EM shrivast@engr.sc.edu
RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008
OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168
NR 20
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0248
J9 J CRYST GROWTH
JI J. Cryst. Growth
PD OCT 1
PY 2008
VL 310
IS 20
BP 4443
EP 4450
DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.07.102
PG 8
WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics
GA 369JR
UT WOS:000260691000008
ER
PT J
AU Callan, JE
Kostic, MA
Bachrach, EA
Rieg, TS
AF Callan, James E.
Kostic, Mark A.
Bachrach, Ethan A.
Rieg, Thomas S.
TI PROCHLORPERAZINE VS. PROMETHAZINE FOR HEADACHE TREATMENT IN THE
EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
SO JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE headache; migraine; treatment; prochlorperazine; promethazine
ID ACUTE MIGRAINE HEADACHE; DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL; INTRACTABLE MIGRAINE; PAIN
SEVERITY; EFFICACY; METOCLOPRAMIDE; KETOROLAC; DIHYDROERGOTAMINE;
CHLORPROMAZINE; TOLERABILITY
AB Headache is a very common medical complaint. Four to six percent of the population will have a debilitating headache in their lifetime; and 1-2% of all Emergency Department (ED) visits involve patients with headaches. Although promethazine is used frequently, it has never been studied as a single-agent treatment in undifferentiated headache. We hypothesized that promethazine would be superior to prochlorperazine in the treatment of headache. We conducted a prospective, double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial on patients presenting to our ED between May and August 2005 with a chief complaint of headache. Each subject was randomized to receive either intravenous promethazine 25 mg or prochlorperazine 10 mg, and graded the intensity of their headache on serial 100-mm visual analog scales (VAS). Patients with dystonic reactions or akathesia were treated with diphenhydramine. Adequate pain relief was defined as an absolute decrease in VAS score of 25 mm. After discharge from the ED, patients were queried regarding the recurrence of headache symptoms, the need for additional pain medications, and the occurrence of any side effects since discharge. Thirty-five patients were enrolled in each group. Both drugs were shown to be effective in treatment of headaches. Prochlorperazine provided a faster rate of pain resolution and less drowsiness when compared to promethazine. Both medications were individually effective as abortive therapy for headache. Prochlorperazine was superior to promethazine in the rate of headache reduction and rate of home drowsiness, with similar rates of akathesia, nausea resolution, patient satisfaction, and headache recurrence within 5 days of discharge. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Callan, James E.] Naval Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, Okinawa, Japan.
[Kostic, Mark A.; Bachrach, Ethan A.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Emergency Med, Portsmouth, VA USA.
RP Callan, JE (reprint author), Naval Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, Okinawa, Japan.
EM Jcallan1@aol.com
NR 30
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0736-4679
J9 J EMERG MED
JI J. Emerg. Med.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 3
BP 247
EP 253
DI 10.1016/j.jemermed.2007.09.047
PG 7
WC Emergency Medicine
SC Emergency Medicine
GA 358VM
UT WOS:000259945600003
PM 18534808
ER
PT J
AU Blanscet, ML
Tordik, PA
Goodell, GG
AF Blanscet, Michael L.
Tordik, Patricia A.
Goodell, Gary G.
TI An agar diffusion comparison of the antimicrobial effect of calcium
hydroxide at five different concentrations with three different vehicles
SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE agar diffusion; antibacterial agents; calcium hydroxide; concentration;
intracanal medicaments; weight percent
ID INTRACANAL MEDICAMENTS; IN-VITRO; CHLORHEXIDINE; DENTIN
AB The purpose of this study was to determine if varying the percent (by weight) of aqueous calcium hydroxide or using different vehicles had an effect on its antibacterial efficacy against common endodontic pathogens in a pour plate/traditional streak agar diffusion model. Mixtures of calcium hydroxide powder and sterile saline in 40, 50 and 60 percent concentrations and the commercial preparations UltraCal XS and Vitapex were tested against six known endodontic pathogens with an agar diffusion method. Each medicament was placed in one of five wells, in each of 10 agar plates (n = 10), for cultures of each bacterial species. Zones of inhibition were measured after 48 hours incubation for aerobes and 96 hours incubation for anaerobes. Multiple one-way analyses of variance and post-hoc Student Neuman Keuls evaluated the data at a = 0.05. Larger zones of inhibition were consistently observed for higher concentrations of calcium hydroxide with statistical significance among the bacteria, particularly between 40% and 60%. Vitapex had significantly smaller zones of inhibition than all other medicaments and 35% Ultracal XS with methylcellulose was nearly as effective as 50% Ca(OH)(2) in inhibitory activity. Formulations containing 50-60% Ca(OH)2 or 35% Ca(OH)2 with aqueous methylcellulose are recommended as endodontic interappointment medicaments.
C1 [Blanscet, Michael L.; Tordik, Patricia A.; Goodell, Gary G.] USN, Sch Postgrad Dent, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA.
RP Goodell, GG (reprint author), 12214 Hollow Tree Lane, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM gggoodell@aol.com
NR 19
TC 11
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0099-2399
J9 J ENDODONT
JI J. Endod.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 34
IS 10
BP 1246
EP 1248
DI 10.1016/j.joen.2008.07.012
PG 3
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
GA 357FD
UT WOS:000259830800022
PM 18793931
ER
PT J
AU Hofmeister, EP
Kim, J
Shin, AY
AF Hofmeister, Eric P.
Kim, Janeth
Shin, Alexander Y.
TI Comparison of 2 Methods of Immobilization of Fifth Metacarpal Neck
Fractures: A Prospective Randomized Study
SO JOURNAL OF HAND SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME
LA English
DT Article
DE Boxer's; cast; hand fracture; fifth metacarpal; upper extremity
ID RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS; FINGER
AB Purpose The objective of this study was to prospectively compare the effectiveness of 2 methods of cast immobilization for fifth metacarpal neck fractures with respect to the time required for cast application, durability and tolerability of the cast, efficacy of maintaining reduction, and postimmobilization range of motion.
Methods After closed reduction, 81 predominately young, active-duty patients were prospectively randomized to a short-arm cast with volar outriggers (SAC-VOR) or to a short-arm cast extended to the proximal interphalangeal joint with a 3-point mold (MCP-ext). Radiographs were obtained before reduction and after reduction at 1 and 4 weeks. Outcome measures (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire), cast durability, radiographic parameters, and complications were evaluated at each visit. Final range of motion and grip strengths were obtained at the 3-month follow-up.
Results The average time for cast application was less for the MCP-ext group compared with that of the SAC-VOR group. An equal number of casts in each group (7) required replacement during treatment. There were no statistically significant differences in range of motion or final grip strength between the 2 techniques. Radiographic callus was seen in all patients at 4 weeks, and there was no difference in the 4-week postreduction angulation in the lateral or posteroanterior planes. In comparing the maintenance of the reduction, there was no difference in alignment in either the posteroanterior or lateral planes based on cast type.
Conclusions There was no difference between the 2 groups on maintaining the reduction on final lateral radiographs. Stiffness was not a complication of either group. Advantages of the MCP-ext cast include quicker application and, to a much lesser degree, better tolerability, range of motion, and final grip strength. (J Hand Surg 2008;33A:1362-1368. Copyright (C) 2008 by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand. All rights reserved.)
C1 [Shin, Alexander Y.] Mayo Clin, Dept Orthoped, Rochester, MN 55905 USA.
USN, Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Shin, AY (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Dept Orthoped, E14A,200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA.
OI Shin, Alexander/0000-0001-9658-8192
NR 24
TC 20
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 1
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 0363-5023
J9 J HAND SURG-AM
JI J. Hand Surg.-Am. Vol.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 33A
IS 8
BP 1362
EP 1368
DI 10.1016/j.jhsa.2008.04.010
PG 7
WC Orthopedics; Surgery
SC Orthopedics; Surgery
GA 360HR
UT WOS:000260049100016
PM 18929202
ER
PT J
AU Lambrakos, SG
Michopoulos, JG
Jones, HN
Boyer, CN
AF Lambrakos, Samuel G.
Michopoulos, John G.
Jones, Harry N.
Boyer, Craig N.
TI Inverse analysis of heat conduction in hollow cylinders with asymmetric
source distributions
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
LA English
DT Article
DE advanced characterization; modeling processes; nondestructive testing
ID TOTAL VARIATION REGULARIZATION; DISCONTINUOUS COEFFICIENTS
AB This paper presents an application of inverse analysis for determining both the temperature field histories and corresponding heat source distributions in hollow cylinders. The primary goal, however, is the development of an inversion infrastructure in a manner that allows taking advantage of all aspects related to its utility, including sensitivity analysis. The conditions generating heat sources are those resulting from intense pulsed-current electrical contact experiments. Under these conditions intense heat currents are generated due to the Joule conversion of the electric conduction currents. Asymmetry of the heat source is induced from the localized melting due to arc-enhanced electric conduction. Experimentally acquired temperature histories and melting domain boundary data are utilized to setup an inverse model of the heat conduction problem. This permits the construction of an estimate not only of the temperature field histories throughout the computational domain but also of an evaluation of the effective thermal diffusivity of the material involved.
C1 [Lambrakos, Samuel G.; Michopoulos, John G.; Jones, Harry N.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Boyer, Craig N.] Titan Corp, Reston, VA USA.
RP Lambrakos, SG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM sam.lambrakos@nrl.navy.mil
RI Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016
OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838
FU National Science Foundation [EIA-0205663, CNS-0540419]; NRL's 6.1
FX The authors acknowledge the support by the National Science Foundation
under grants EIA-0205663 and CNS-0540419. The Office of Naval Research
is also greatly acknowledged for its support. Partial support from NRL's
6.1 core funding is also greatly acknowledged. We would also like to
thank Mr. Scott Lord and Prof. Andrew Smith of the U. S. Naval Academy,
as well as Dr. R. Meger and Mr. Ryan Hoffman of NRL's Plasma Physics
Division for their support.
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1059-9495
J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM
JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 17
IS 5
BP 651
EP 661
DI 10.1007/s11665-007-9197-x
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 347LG
UT WOS:000259142500005
ER
PT J
AU Drusina, N
Mahapatra, R
Abdul-Latif, A
Baleh, R
Wilhelm, C
Stoyanov, P
Es-Said, OS
AF Drusina, N.
Mahapatra, R.
Abdul-Latif, A.
Baleh, R.
Wilhelm, C.
Stoyanov, P.
Es-Said, O. S.
TI Microstructure analysis of aluminum alloy and copper alloy circular
shells after multiaxial plastic buckling
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
LA English
DT Article
DE ACTP; aluminum and copper alloys; cylindrical shells; quasi-static and
dynamic plastic buckling
ID IMPACT ENERGY ABSORBERS; CYLINDRICAL-SHELLS; AXIAL IMPACT; COLLAPSE
AB Aluminum and copper cylindrical shells were plastically buckled under quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions with an Absorption Compression-Torsion Plasticity (ACTP: Patent No. WO 2005090822) combined mechanical testing device. Optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis were used to study the microscopic evolutions in the mechanically buckled aluminum and copper alloy samples. Optical microscopy showed evidence of the presence of second-phase particles in both the aluminum and copper alloys samples. Under dynamic loading aluminum samples showed more energy absorption as compared to copper samples. Material flow lines were more pronounced in the copper samples when observed by optical microscopy. The evidence that supports the increased energy absorption in the aluminum cylindrical shells can be supported by the TEM analysis more than the optical microscopy analysis. The TEM results showed highly oriented textured morphology with the presence of few dislocation cells structures and sub-structures.
C1 [Drusina, N.; Wilhelm, C.; Stoyanov, P.; Es-Said, O. S.] Loyola Marymount Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA.
[Mahapatra, R.] USN, Naval Air Syst Command, Air Warfare Ctr, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA.
[Abdul-Latif, A.; Baleh, R.] Univ Paris 08, Lab Mecan Mat & Modelisat L3M, IUT Trembaly, Paris, France.
RP Drusina, N (reprint author), Loyola Marymount Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA.
EM oessaid@lmu.edu
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1059-9495
J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM
JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 17
IS 5
BP 755
EP 766
DI 10.1007/s11665-008-9216-6
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 347LG
UT WOS:000259142500020
ER
PT J
AU Kwon, YW
Slaff, R
Bartlett, S
Greene, T
AF Kwon, Y. W.
Slaff, R.
Bartlett, S.
Greene, T.
TI Enhancement of composite scarf joint interface strength through carbon
nanotube reinforcement
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Stretching the Endurance Boundary of
Composite Materials - Pushing the Performance Limit of Composite
Structures
CY SEP 23-28, 2007
CL Isl Madeira, PORTUGAL
SP EPSRC, NSF
AB It was investigated whether there was a potentially significant improvement to scarf joint bonding that was achieved through the dispersion of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) along the interface of the composite joint. The study examined various factors that might affect CNT-reinforced joint interface strength. Each composite joint consisted of a vinyl-ester matrix base (DERAKANE 510-A) interlaced with a carbon fiber weave (TORAY T700CF). During the curing process, the research explored several variables concerning the CNT application. The testing included single-walled CNTs (SWCNT), and conventional and bamboo-structure multi-walled CNTs (MWCNT) with varying length, purity, and concentration levels along the surface area of the joint interface. This wide array of data demonstrated the effect of CNTs introduction at the joint interface, and provided the ideal type, size, purity level, and concentration level for composite scarf joint bond reinforcement using CNTs. Furthermore, a computational model was developed to predict the strength of the scarf joints. The predicted model agreed well with the experimental data.
C1 [Kwon, Y. W.; Slaff, R.; Greene, T.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Bartlett, S.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
RP Kwon, YW (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM ywkwon@nps.edu
NR 10
TC 8
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2461
J9 J MATER SCI
JI J. Mater. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 43
IS 20
BP 6695
EP 6703
DI 10.1007/s10853-008-2689-8
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 367AT
UT WOS:000260525600015
ER
PT J
AU McBride, WM
AF McBride, William M.
TI Black Shoe carrier Admiral: Frank Jack Fletcher at Coral Sea, Midway,
and Guadalcanal
SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [McBride, William M.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP McBride, WM (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY
PI LEXINGTON
PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA
24450-1600 USA
SN 0899-3718
J9 J MILITARY HIST
JI J. Mil. Hist.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 72
IS 4
BP 1318
EP 1319
PG 2
WC History
SC History
GA 354RC
UT WOS:000259655700055
ER
PT J
AU Holtzclaw, D
Toscano, N
AF Holtzclaw, Dan
Toscano, Nicholas
TI Speech Pattern Improvement Following Gingivectomy of Excess Palatal
Tissue
SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Case report; gingiva; gingivectomy; maxilla; palate; speech-language
pathology
ID CLEFT-PALATE; GINGIVAL FIBROMATOSIS; CONTACT; CHILDREN; ENLARGEMENT;
OVERGROWTH; DISORDERS
AB Background: Speech disruption secondary to excessive gingival tissue has received scant attention in periodontal literature. Although a few articles have addressed the causes of this condition, documentation and scientific explanation of treatment outcomes are virtually non-existent. This case report describes speech pattern improvements secondary to periodontal surgery and provides a concise review of linguistic and phonetic literature pertinent to the case.
Methods: A 21-year-old white female with a history of gingival abscesses secondary to excessive palatal tissue presented for treatment. Bilateral gingivectomies of palatal tissues were performed with inverse bevel incisions extending distally from teeth #5 and #12 to the maxillary tuberosities, and large wedges of epithelium/connective tissue were excised.
Results: Within the first month of the surgery, the patient noted "changes in the manner in which her tongue contacted the roof of her mouth "and "changes in her speech." Further anecdotal investigation revealed the patient's enunciation of sounds such as, "s," "sh," and "k" was greatly improved following the gingivectomy procedure.
Conclusions: Palatometric research clearly demonstrates that the tongue has intimate contact with the lateral aspects of the posterior palate during speech. Gingival excess in this and other palatal locations has the potential to alter linguopalatal contact patterns and disrupt normal speech patterns. Surgical correction of this condition via excisional procedures may improve linguopalatal contact patterns which, in turn, may lead to improved patient speech. J Periodontol 2008;79:2006-2009.
C1 [Holtzclaw, Dan] USN, Hosp Pensacola, Dept Periodont, Pensacola, FL USA.
[Toscano, Nicholas] USN, Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Periodont, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA.
RP Holtzclaw, D (reprint author), USN, Branch Hlth Clin, Naval Air Stn, 450 Turner St, Pensacola, FL 32508 USA.
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY
PI CHICAGO
PA 737 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE, SUITE 800, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2690 USA
SN 0022-3492
J9 J PERIODONTOL
JI J. Periodont.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 10
BP 2006
EP 2009
DI 10.1902/jop.2008.080090
PG 4
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
GA 361QL
UT WOS:000260142100024
PM 18834258
ER
PT J
AU Stux, AM
Laberty-Robert, C
Swider-Lyons, KE
AF Stux, Arnold M.
Laberty-Robert, Christel
Swider-Lyons, Karen E.
TI Pechini synthesis and characterization of molybdenum carbide and nickel
molybdenum carbide
SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Pechini process; Molybdenum; Nickel; Carbide; Electrocatalyst;
Hydrodesulfurization
ID TUNGSTEN CARBIDES; SURFACE-AREA; CARBON; NANOPARTICLES; PRECURSORS
AB Carbides, such as eta-Ni6Mo6C, are considered as low-cost substitutes for noble metal catalysts for present applications in hydrodesulfurization and for a possible future sulfur-tolerant fuel cell anode catalyst. Most synthesis methods set the carbon content of the carbides by a carbon-based atmosphere or solid carbon in the synthesis. We show here that beta-Mo2C and eta-Ni6Mo6C can be synthesized using a Pechini process, simply by heating metal acetates mixed with citric acid and ethylene glycol in one step under H-2 With the Only Source of carbon being the precursor solution. The beta-Mo2C forms when heating a Mo-acetate precursor at 850 C. When using Ni- and Mo-acetates, beta-Mo2C forms at 700 C and lower temperatures, while eta-Ni6Mo6C forms during heating at 800-900 C. The eta-Ni6Mo6C has a surface area of 95.5 m(2) g (1) and less than 10 m(2) g (1) when prepared at 800 and 900 C, respectively. Some Ni3C, Ni, and NiC impurities are also present in the nanostructured eta-Ni6Mo6C,C that was prepared at 900 C. The eta-Ni6Mo6C materials made by the Pechini process are compared with those made from a traditional synthesis, using metal organic precursors at 1000 degrees C Under CO/CO2 mixtures with a carbon activity of 0.011. Our results imply that H2 and the Pechini process can be used to achieve carbon activities similar to those obtained by methods using gaseous or solid carbon Sources. (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Stux, Arnold M.; Laberty-Robert, Christel; Swider-Lyons, Karen E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Stux, AM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM Arnold.Stux@nrl.navy.mil
RI Laberty, Christel/G-8847-2011;
OI Laberty-Robert, christel/0000-0003-3230-3164
FU Naval Research Laboratory through the Office of Naval Research
FX The authors thank the financial Support of the Naval Research Laboratory
through the Office of Naval Research. We are grateful to our colleagues,
Dr. Michelle Johannes, for providing the ball-and-stick figure of
eta-Ni6Mo6C in Fig. 1 and Drs. Jeffrey Long and
Christopher Chervin for assistance with BET measurements.
NR 21
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PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-4596
J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM
JI J. Solid State Chem.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 181
IS 10
BP 2741
EP 2747
DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2008.06.050
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 365WU
UT WOS:000260441000029
ER
PT J
AU Gorbach, AM
Wang, HL
Dhanani, NN
Gage, FA
Pinto, PA
Smith, PD
Kirk, AD
Elster, EA
AF Gorbach, Alexander M.
Wang, Hengliang
Dhanani, Nadeem N.
Gage, Fred A.
Pinto, Peter A.
Smith, Paul D.
Kirk, Allan D.
Elster, Eric A.
TI Assessment of critical renal ischemia with real-time infrared Imaging
SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE infrared imaging; kidney vasculature; blood flow regulation; ischemia
ID BLOOD-FLOW REGULATION; INTESTINAL VIABILITY; PERFUSION SIGNAL;
OSCILLATIONS; BRAIN; REPERFUSION; PRESSURE; DYNAMICS; SURGERY; MODEL
AB Background. Currently visual and tactile clues such as color, mottling, and tissue turgor are used in the operating room for subjective assessments of organ ischemia. Studies have demonstrated that infrared (IR) imaging is a reliable tool to identify perfusion of brain tumors and kidneys during human surgery. Intraoperative IR imaging has the potential for more objective real-time detection and quantitative assessment of organ viability including early ischemia. We hypothesize, by detecting variations of the IR signal, we can assess the degree to which renal surface temperature reflects underlying renal ischemia. To address this hypothesis, IR imaging-derived temperature fluctuations were evaluated during laparotomy in a porcine model (n = 15). These temperature profiles then underwent spectral (frequency) analysis to assess their relationship to well-described oscillations of the microcirculation. Materials and methods. An IR camera was positioned 30-60 cm above the exposed kidneys. Images (3-5 mu m wavelength) were collected (1.0/s) at baseline, during warm renal ischemia, and during reperfusion. Dominant frequency (DF) of the tissue temperature fluctuations were determined by a Fourier transformation (spectral) analysis. Results. I:R images immediately showed which segments of the kidney were ischemic. DF at similar to 0.008 Hz that corresponds to blood flow oscillations was observed in thermal profiles. The oscillations were diminished or disappeared after 25 min of warm ischemia and were recovered with reperfusion in a time-dependent fashion. Oscillations were attenuated substantially in ischemic segments, but not in perfused segments of the kidney. Conclusions. The described oscillations can be measured noninvasively using IR imaging in the operating room, as represented by the DF, and may be an early marker of critical renal ischemia. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wang, Hengliang; Gage, Fred A.; Elster, Eric A.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Gorbach, Alexander M.; Smith, Paul D.] Natl Inst Biomed Imaging & Bioengn, Lab Bioengn & Phys Sci, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA.
[Dhanani, Nadeem N.; Pinto, Peter A.] NCI, Urol Oncol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Kirk, Allan D.] NIDDKD, Transplant Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Elster, Eric A.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD USA.
[Elster, Eric A.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
RP Elster, EA (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Suite 2W123, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM elstere@nmrc.navy.mil
RI Kirk, Allan/B-6905-2012
FU National Institutes of Health and Department of Defense
[602227D.0483.01.A0518]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the significant contributions of
Mehrdad Alemozaffar, B.S., Neil Kansal, M.D., Doug K. Tadaki, Ph.D. to
the implementation and support of this study. The authors would like to
thank Henry Eden, M.D., Ph.D., for his invaluable critique and
insightful comments during preparation of this manuscript. This work was
supported by the intramural research funds of National Institutes of
Health and Department of Defense (work unit number:
602227D.0483.01.A0518, Medical Free Electron Laser program). The views
expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily
reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy,
Department of Defense, nor the U.S. Government. I am a military service
member (or employee of the U.S. Government). This work was prepared as
part of my official duties. Title 17 U.S.C. 105 provides that "Copyright
protection under this title is not available for any work of the United
States Government." Title 17 U.S.C. 101 defines a U.S. Government work
as a work prepared by a military service member or employee of the U.S.
Government as part of that person's official duties.
NR 26
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U1 2
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-4804
J9 J SURG RES
JI J. Surg. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 149
IS 2
BP 310
EP 318
DI 10.1016/j.jss.2008.02.007
PG 9
WC Surgery
SC Surgery
GA 350DG
UT WOS:000259332200020
PM 18468641
ER
PT J
AU Kostoff, RN
Koytcheff, RG
Lau, CGY
AF Kostoff, Ronald N.
Koytcheff, Raymond G.
Lau, Clifford G. Y.
TI Structure of the nanoscience and nanotechnology applications literature
SO JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
DE nanotechnology; nanoscience; text mining; electronics; applications;
health
ID SCIENCE-AND-TECHNOLOGY; DATABASE TOMOGRAPHY; BIBLIOMETRICS; DISCOVERY;
INFORMATION
AB The Applications literature associated with nanoscience and nanotechnology research was examined. About 65,000 nanotechnology records for 2005 were retrieved from the Science Citation Index/Social Science Citation Index (SCI/SSCI) (SCI ( 2006). Certain data included herein are derived from the Science Citation Index/Social Science Citation Index prepared by the Thomson Scientific (R), Inc. (Thomson (R)), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA) Through visual inspection of the Abstract phrases, all the diverse non-medical Applications were identified, and the relationships among the Applications, both direct and indirect, were obtained. The medical applications were identified through a fuzzy clustering process. Metrics associated with research literatures for specific Applications/ Applications groups were generated.
C1 [Kostoff, Ronald N.; Koytcheff, Raymond G.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA.
[Lau, Clifford G. Y.] Inst Def Anal, Alexandria, VA 22311 USA.
RP Kostoff, RN (reprint author), Off Naval Res, 875 N Randolph St, Arlington, VA 22217 USA.
EM kostofr@onr.navy.mil
NR 34
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U1 3
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0892-9912
J9 J TECHNOL TRANSFER
JI J. Technol. Transf.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 33
IS 5
BP 472
EP 484
DI 10.1007/s10961-007-9042-2
PG 13
WC Engineering, Industrial; Management
SC Engineering; Business & Economics
GA 354UE
UT WOS:000259663700002
ER
PT J
AU Forsythe, SE
Leinhos, HA
Bandyopadhyay, PR
AF Forsythe, Stephen E.
Leinhos, Henry A.
Bandyopadhyay, Promode R.
TI Dolphin-inspired combined maneuvering and pinging for short-distance
echolocation
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID VEHICLES; FLIGHT
AB The biorobotic emulation of swimming and flying animals carrying out short-distance echolocation while maneuvering is considered. A simple and lightweight sonar for use on a small, maneuverable under-water vehicle for short-distance echolocation is explored. This sonar has four sensors and uses broadband, high-frequency signals to echolocate. The frequency-time characteristics of these signals are compared to those of bats and dolphins. The biosonar is paired with a biologically inspired, maneuverable, underwater vehicle, the combined use of sensors and maneuverability being analogous to animal behavior. Homing experiments have been carried out in an acoustic test facility where identification and localization of multiple targets is based on fusion of acoustic. returns from multiple pings. (C) 2008 Acoustical Society of America
C1 [Forsythe, Stephen E.; Leinhos, Henry A.; Bandyopadhyay, Promode R.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
RP Forsythe, SE (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
EM forsythese@npt.nuwc.navy.mil; leinhosha@npt.nuwc.navy.mil;
bandyopadhyaypr@npt.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research
FX This work was sponsored by the Cognitive and Neuroscience Program of the
Office of Naval Research.
NR 10
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U1 2
U2 5
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 124
IS 4
BP EL255
EP EL261
DI 10.1121/1.2960936
PN 1
PG 7
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 363WQ
UT WOS:000260298600063
PM 19062795
ER
PT J
AU Zingarelli, RA
AF Zingarelli, R. A.
TI A mode-based technique for estimating uncertainty in range-averaged
transmission loss results from underwater acoustic calculations
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
AB The equivalence of range and frequency averaging of acoustic propagation model results, based on the similarity of their analytic forms in mode calculations, was shown by Harrison [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 97, 1314-1317 (1995)]. Here it is shown how oceanographic measurement errors and receiver bandwidth can be mapped into uncertainty in the number of modes being propagated. This can be mapped into range boundaries for averaging calculations, thereby giving upper and lower confidence boundaries for frequency-averaged transmission loss calculations. Examples of the application of this technique to synthetic data, where the measurement uncertainties are known and deliberately included, are shown. C 2008 Acoustical Society of America
C1 USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Zingarelli, RA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7182, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM zingarelli@nrlssc.navy.mil
FU Battlespace Awareness and Information Operations Program Office
[(PMW-120), Navy PEO C4I]
FX This work was supported by Battlespace Awareness and Information
Operations Program Office (PMW-120), Navy PEO C4I.
NR 7
TC 3
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U1 1
U2 4
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 124
IS 4
BP EL218
EP EL222
DI 10.1121/1.2968301
PN 1
PG 5
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 363WQ
UT WOS:000260298600057
PM 19062789
ER
PT J
AU Bair, S
Casalini, R
AF Bair, Scott
Casalini, Riccardo
TI A scaling parameter and function for the accurate correlation of
viscosity with temperature and pressure across eight orders of magnitude
of viscosity
SO JOURNAL OF TRIBOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
DE EHL; elastohydrodynamics; rheology; high pressure; viscosity
ID GLASS-FORMING LIQUIDS; ELASTOHYDRODYNAMIC LUBRICATION; RECIPROCATING
MOTION; CONTACT PROBLEM; DYNAMICS; RELAXATION; DEPENDENCE; TRACTION;
POLYMERS; BEHAVIOR
AB Quantitative calculations of film thickness and friction in elastohydrodynamic lubrication will require that the low-shear viscosity, mu, be described with far greater accuracy than it is today. The free volume model has the advantage, over those currently used, of reproducing all of the trends that were known 80 years ago, although not necessarily to experimental accuracy. A scaling parameter, phi proportional to TV(gamma), based on the repulsive intermolecular potential having exponent -3 gamma allows the viscosity to be written as a function of temperature, T, and volume, V, only, as mu=F(phi). The appropriate function for lubricants appears to be a Vogel-like form, mu proportional to exp(B(F)phi(infinity)/(phi-phi(infinity))). Parameters are presented here for seven liquids. When the dynamic crossover is present, two such functions are required. A low molecular weight dimethyl silicone having high compressibility is an exception.
C1 [Bair, Scott] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr High Pressure Rheol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Casalini, Riccardo] George Mason Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Casalini, Riccardo] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Bair, S (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr High Pressure Rheol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
FU National Science Foundation [EEC-0540834]; Office of Naval Research
FX This material is based on work supported by the National Science
Foundation under Grant No. EEC-0540834. The authors wish to thank Arno
Laesecke of NIST for pointing out the paper by Ashurst and Hoover. The
authors wish to thank Mike Roland of NRL for useful and motivating
discussions on the dynamics of supercooled liquids. The work at Naval
Research Laboratory was supported by the Office of Naval Research.
NR 37
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Z9 13
U1 1
U2 12
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0742-4787
J9 J TRIBOL-T ASME
JI J. Tribol.-Trans. ASME
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 130
IS 4
AR 041802
DI 10.1115/1.2959116
PG 7
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 341EI
UT WOS:000258696600021
ER
PT J
AU Womack, KM
Volino, RJ
Schultz, MP
AF Womack, Kristofer M.
Volino, Ralph J.
Schultz, Michael P.
TI Combined effects of wakes and jet pulsing on film cooling
SO JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 52nd ASME Turbo Expo 2007
CY MAY 14-17, 2007
CL Montreal, CANADA
SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers (ASME), Int Gas Turbine Inst
ID GAS-TURBINE BLADE; HEAT-TRANSFER COEFFICIENT; BULK FLOW PULSATIONS;
UNSTEADY WAKE; LEADING-EDGE; HOLE SHAPE; INJECTION; DISTRIBUTIONS;
PERFORMANCE; AIR
AB Pulsed film cooling jets subject to periodic wakes were studied experimentally. The wakes were generated with a spoked wheel upstream of a flat plate. Cases with a single row of cylindrical film cooling holes inclined at 35 deg to the surface were considered at blowing ratios B of 0.50 and 1.0 with jet pulsing and wake Strouhal numbers of 0.15, 0.30, and 0.60. Wake timing was varied with respect to the pulsing. Temperature measurements were made using an infrared camera, thermocouples, and constant current (cold wire) anemometry. The local film cooling effectiveness and heat transfer coefficient were determined from the measured temperatures. Phase locked flow temperature fields were determined from cold-wire surveys. With B=0.5, wakes and pulsing both lead to a reduction in film cooling effectiveness, and the reduction is larger when wakes and pulsing are combined. With B=1.0, pulsing again causes a reduction in effectiveness, but wakes tend to counteract this effect somewhat by reducing jet lift-off. At low Strouhal numbers, wake timing had a significant effect on the instantaneous film cooling effectiveness, but wakes in general had very little effect on the time averaged effectiveness. At high Strouhal numbers, the wake effect was stronger, but the wake timing was less important. Wakes increased the heat transfer coefficient strongly and similarly in cases with and without film cooling, regardless of wake timing. Heat transfer coefficient ratios, similar to the time averaged film cooling effectiveness, did not depend strongly on wake timing for the cases considered.
C1 [Womack, Kristofer M.; Volino, Ralph J.] USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Schultz, Michael P.] USN Acad, Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn Dept, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Womack, KM (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM volino@usna.edu
RI Schultz, Michael/C-3670-2008; Volino, Ralph/G-9293-2011
NR 29
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 3
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0889-504X
J9 J TURBOMACH
JI J. Turbomach.-Trans. ASME
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 130
IS 4
AR 041010
DI 10.1115/1.2812335
PG 12
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 334NW
UT WOS:000258229500010
ER
PT J
AU Womack, KM
Volino, RJ
Schultz, MP
AF Womack, Kristofer M.
Volino, Ralph J.
Schultz, Michael P.
TI Measurements in film cooling flows with periodic wakes
SO JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 52nd ASME Turbo Expo 2007
CY MAY 14-17, 2007
CL Montreal, CANADA
SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers (ASME), Int Gas Turbine Inst
ID GAS-TURBINE BLADE; HEAT-TRANSFER COEFFICIENT; UNSTEADY WAKE; HOLE SHAPE;
DISTRIBUTIONS; PERFORMANCE; TURBULENCE; INJECTION; EDGE; AIR
AB Film cooling flows subject to periodic wakes were studied experimentally. The wakes were generated with a spoked wheel upstream of a flat plate. Cases with a single row of cylindrical film cooling holes inclined at 35 deg to the surface were considered at blowing ratios of 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0 with a steady freestream and with wake Strouhal numbers of 0.15, 0.30, and 0.60. Temperature measurements were made using an infrared camera, thermocouples, and constant current (cold-wire) anemometry. Hot-wire anemometry was used for velocity measurements. The local film cooling effectiveness and heat transfer coefficient were determined from the measured temperatures. Phase locked flow temperature fields were determined from cold-wire surveys. Wakes decreased the film cooling effectiveness for blowing ratios of 0.25 and 0.50 when compared to steady freestream cases. In contrast, effectiveness increased with Strouhal number for the 1.0 blowing ratio cases, as the wakes helped mitigate the effects of jet lift-off. Heat transfer coefficients increased with wake passing frequency, with nearly the same percentage increase in cases with and without film cooling. The time resolved flow measurements show the interaction of the wakes with the film cooling jets. Near-wall flow measurements are used to infer the instantaneous film cooling effectiveness as it changes during the wake passing cycle.
C1 [Womack, Kristofer M.; Volino, Ralph J.] USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Schultz, Michael P.] USN Acad, Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn Dept, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Womack, KM (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM volino@usna.edu
RI Schultz, Michael/C-3670-2008; Volino, Ralph/G-9293-2011
NR 28
TC 3
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 1
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0889-504X
J9 J TURBOMACH
JI J. Turbomach.-Trans. ASME
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 130
IS 4
AR 041008
DI 10.1115/1.2812334
PG 13
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 334NW
UT WOS:000258229500008
ER
PT J
AU Nichols, JM
Trickey, ST
Seaver, M
Motley, SR
AF Nichols, J. M.
Trickey, S. T.
Seaver, M.
Motley, S. R.
TI Using ROC curves to assess the efficacy of several detectors of
damage-induced nonlinearities in a bolted composite structure
SO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE surrogate data; composite bolted joint; receiver operating
characteristic curve; nonlinearity detection; bicoherence; structural
health monitoring
ID SURROGATE DATA; TIME-SERIES; NDT SYSTEMS; MODE SHAPE; IDENTIFICATION
AB We offer a comparison of several different detectors of damage-induced nonlinearities in assessing the connectivity of a composite-to-metal bolted joint. Each detector compares the structure's measured vibrational response to surrogate data, conforming to a general model for the healthy structure. The strength of this approach to detection is that it works in the presence of certain types of varying ambient conditions and is valid for structures excited with any stationary process. Here we employ several such detectors using dynamic strain response data collected near the joint as the structure was driven using simulated wave forcing (taken from the Pierson-Moskowitz frequency distribution for wave height). In an effort to simulate in situ monitoring conditions the experiments were carried out in the presence of strongly varying temperatures. The performance of the detectors was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, a well known method for displaying detection characteristics. The ROC curve is well suited to the problem of vibration-based structural health monitoring applications where quantifying false positive and false negative errors is essential. The results of this work indicate that using the estimated auto-bicoherence of the systems response produced the best overall detection performance when compared to features based on a nonlinear prediction scheme and another based on information theory. For roughly 10% false alarms, the bicoherence detector gives nearly 90% probability of detection (POD). Conversely, for several of the other detectors 5-10% false alarms leads to similar to 70% POD. While the bicoherence (and bispectrum) have been used previously in the context of damage detection, this work represents the first attempt at using them in a surrogate-based detection scheme. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Nichols, J. M.; Trickey, S. T.; Seaver, M.; Motley, S. R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Nichols, JM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jonathan.nichols@nrl.navy.mil
NR 42
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 3
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0888-3270
J9 MECH SYST SIGNAL PR
JI Mech. Syst. Signal Proc.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 22
IS 7
BP 1610
EP 1622
DI 10.1016/j.ymssp.2008.01.015
PG 13
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 329KN
UT WOS:000257866600007
ER
PT J
AU Ellis, SB
Appenzeller, G
Lee, H
Mullen, K
Swenness, R
Pimentel, G
Mohareb, E
Warner, C
AF Ellis, Shannon B.
Appenzeller, George
Lee, Heechoon
Mullen, Keri
Swenness, Ricardo
Pimentel, Guillermo
Mohareb, Emad
Warner, Christopher
TI Outbreak of SandFly Fever in Central Iraq, September 2007
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID ENDEMIC INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; US MILITARY; RESISTANCE; DIAGNOSIS; GULF
AB An outbreak of nonspecific febrile illnesses Occurred among U.S. Army troops in September 2007 at a remote, newly established, rural-situated patrol base, south of Baghdad, Iraq. Soldiers displayed an acute flu-like syndrome with symptoms of fever, headache, malaise, and myalgia. A total of 14 cases was identified and treated presumptively as query fever. Subsequent convalescent serum specimens confirmed 13 (92.9%) positive for sandfly Sicilian virus and 3 (21.4%) positive for Coxiella burnetii, with two positive for both. One sandfly Sicilian virus case tested positive for Brucella spp. This outbreak emphasizes the potential for multiple simultaneous disease exposures to endemic diseases in nonindigenous military personnel at remote military locations in Iraq. Recommendations include increased theater disease surveillance, medical training, and vector control.
C1 [Ellis, Shannon B.; Swenness, Ricardo] Third Infantry Div, Infantry Regiment 30, Battal 1, St Stewart, GA 31314 USA.
[Lee, Heechoon] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
[Pimentel, Guillermo] USN, Med Res Unit 3, Int Emerging Infect Program, Cairo, Egypt.
[Mohareb, Emad] USN, Med Res Unit 3, Serol & Field Studies Unit, Cairo, Egypt.
RP Ellis, SB (reprint author), Third Infantry Div, Infantry Regiment 30, Battal 1, St Stewart, GA 31314 USA.
RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013;
OI Pimentel, Guillermo/0000-0003-2464-1526
NR 28
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 10
BP 949
EP 953
PG 5
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 360ZJ
UT WOS:000260097000004
PM 19160611
ER
PT J
AU Lescano, AR
Blazes, DL
Montano, SM
Kochel, T
Moran, Z
Lescano, AG
Martin, GJ
AF Lescano, A. Roxana
Blazes, David L.
Montano, Silvia M.
Kochel, Tadeusz
Moran, Zoe
Lescano, Andres G.
Martin, Gregory J.
TI Supporting the Creation of New Institutional Review Boards in Developing
Countries: The US Naval Medical Research Center Detachment Experience
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
AB The U.S. Naval Medical Research Center Detachment (NMRCD) has worked in Peru since 1983, conducting research on diseases of military importance in large part by interacting with multiple research partners across the scientific community of Central America and South America. Over the years, NMRCD has had research collaborations in Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Belize, Honduras, Suriname, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Chile, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Argentina. In addition to the various infectious diseases research collaborations, NMRCD has supported capacity building for research ethics and the creation of new institutional review boards. This article describes the contributions of NMRCD to research ethics training in Central America and South America, with specific emphasis on the support given to the creation of new institutional review boards.
C1 [Lescano, A. Roxana; Blazes, David L.; Montano, Silvia M.; Kochel, Tadeusz; Moran, Zoe; Lescano, Andres G.] USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment, APO, AA 34031 USA.
[Martin, Gregory J.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
RP Lescano, AR (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment, Unit 3800,Amer Embassy, APO, AA 34031 USA.
RI Lescano, Andres/B-8479-2008
OI Lescano, Andres/0000-0001-9779-633X
FU FIC NIH HHS [D43 TW007393, D43 TW007393-06]
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 3
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 10
BP 975
EP 977
PG 3
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 360ZJ
UT WOS:000260097000008
PM 19160615
ER
PT J
AU Enad, JG
Headrick, JD
AF Enad, Jerome G.
Headrick, Jeff D.
TI Orthopedic Injuries in US Casualties Treated on a Hospital Ship during
Operation Iraqi Freedom
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID ENDURING-FREEDOM; ARTHROSCOPIC SURGERY; SURGICAL-TEAM; DESERT SHIELD;
MARINE-CORPS; EXPERIENCE; AFGHANISTAN; SYSTEM; ARMY; CARE
AB From March to May 2003. the USNS Comfort was deployed to the Persian Gulf in Support of combat operations for Operation Iraqi Freedom. The onboard orthopedic service treated 58 U.S. casualties during that period. Eighty-seven percent of the injuries were to the appendicular skeleton. Twenty-four percent were battle injuries, and 72% were nonbattle injuries. Patients with battle injuries tended to be younger and required more orthopedic operations than did patients with nonbattle injuries. Moreover, all patients with battle injuries were evacuated to higher echelons for further care, whereas 19% of patients with nonbattle injuries returned to duty in the short term. Complications were few, with no infections, amputations, or deaths. A descriptive review of the types of injuries, orthopedic care, and eventual disposition is presented.
C1 [Enad, Jerome G.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bone & Joint Sports Med Inst, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
[Headrick, Jeff D.] Ctr Orthopaed Surg, Lubbock, TX 79423 USA.
RP Enad, JG (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bone & Joint Sports Med Inst, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
FU The Orthopaedic Experience Aboard USNS Comfort; Naval Medical Center
(Portsmouth, Virginia) IRB protocol [CIP P04-0023]
FX Research data were derived from The Orthopaedic Experience Aboard USNS
Comfort during Operation Iraqi Freedom, an approved Naval Medical Center
(Portsmouth, Virginia) IRB protocol (CIP P04-0023).
NR 27
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 10
BP 1008
EP 1013
PG 6
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 360ZJ
UT WOS:000260097000014
PM 19160621
ER
PT J
AU Vora, GJ
Meador, CE
Anderson, GP
Taitt, CR
AF Vora, Gary J.
Meador, Carolyn E.
Anderson, George P.
Taitt, Chris Rowe
TI Comparison of detection and signal amplification methods for DNA
microarrays
SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES
LA English
DT Article
DE Microarray; Tyramide; Quantum dot; Vibrio; Dendrimer; Nanoparticles;
Resonance light scattering
ID RESONANCE LIGHT-SCATTERING; GENE-EXPRESSION PATTERNS; LABELING METHODS;
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; BACTERIAL PATHOGENS; QUANTUM DOTS;
IDENTIFICATION; HYBRIDIZATION; SENSITIVITY; TECHNOLOGY
AB One of the factors limiting the use of DNA microarray technology for the detection of pathogenic organisms from clinical and environmental matrices has been inadequate assay sensitivity. To assess the effectiveness of post-hybridization secondary detection steps to enhance the sensitivity of DNA microarray-based pathogen detection, we evaluated a panel of 11 commercial and novel hybridization detection and signal amplification methods (direct labeling, indirect aminoallyl labeling, antibody, DNA dendrimers, viral particles, internally fluorescent nanoparticles, tyramide signal amplification, resonance light scattering nanoparticles and quantum dots) using a multiplex PCR and spotted long oligonucleotide microarray for Vibrio cholerae. Quantitative parameters such as sensitivity, signal intensity, background, assay complexity, time and cost were assessed and provide comparative criteria to be considered for DNA microarray experimental design. While the most important parameter is likely to vary based on the assay, when weighted equally, the findings suggest that recognition element- and dye-functionalized viral particles provide the most attractive option for microarray detection and signal amplification. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Vora, Gary J.; Anderson, George P.; Taitt, Chris Rowe] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Meador, Carolyn E.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA.
RP Taitt, CR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW,Bldg 30 Code 6920, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM chris.taitt@nrl.navy.mil
RI Anderson, George/D-2461-2011;
OI Anderson, George/0000-0001-7545-9893; Vora, Gary/0000-0002-0657-8597
FU Office of Naval Research; Joint Science and Technology Office for
Chemical and Biological Defense/Defense Threat Reduction Agency.
FX The authors kindly thank Drs. ZhengWang and Baochuan Lin for their
critical evaluation of this manuscript and Stefanie Z. Crowder and
Jessie K. W. Hagger for their excellent technical assistance. We also
thank Drs. John E. Johnson of The Scripps Research Institute and Amy
Szuchmacher Blum and Banahalli R. Ratna of the Naval Research Laboratory
for the CPMV particles. This work was supported by the Office of Naval
Research and the Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and
Biological Defense/Defense Threat Reduction Agency. The opinions and
assertions contained herein are those of the authors and are not to be
construed as those of the US Government, US Navy or military service at
large.
NR 40
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 12
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0890-8508
J9 MOL CELL PROBE
JI Mol. Cell. Probes
PD OCT-DEC
PY 2008
VL 22
IS 5-6
BP 294
EP 300
DI 10.1016/j.mcp.2008.07.002
PG 7
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology;
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Cell Biology
GA 420UP
UT WOS:000264315000004
PM 18675897
ER
PT J
AU Mclay, JG
AF McLay, Justin G.
TI Markov Chain Modeling of Sequences of Lagged NWP Ensemble Probability
Forecasts: An Exploration of Model Properties and Decision Support
Applications
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID LOSS RATIO SITUATION; DYNAMIC-MODEL
AB It is shown that sequences of lagged ensemble-derived probability forecasts can be treated as being realizations of a discrete, finite-step Markov chain. A reforecast ensemble dataset is used to explore this idea for the case in which the Markov chain has 12 states and 15 steps and the probability forecasts are for the event for which the 500-hPa geopotential height exceeds the climatological value at a specified point. Results suggest that the transition probabilities of the Markov chain are best modeled as first order if they are obtained from the reforecast ensemble dataset using maximum likelihood estimation. Most of the first-order-estimated transition probabilities are statistically significant. Also, the transition probabilities are inhomogeneous, and all states in the chain communicate. A variety of potential decision support applications for the Markov chain parameters are highlighted. In particular, the transition probabilities allow calculation of the conditional probability of taking protective action and calculation of the conditional expected expense when used with static cost-loss decision models. Also, the transition probabilities facilitate optimized decisions when incorporated into dynamic decision models. Decision model test scenarios can be obtained using cluster analysis and conditional most likely sequences, and these scenarios reveal the key patterns traced by the Markov chain.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Mclay, JG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM justin.mclay@nrlmry.navy.mil
FU Naval Research Laboratory and the Office of Naval Research
[BE-033-03-4M]
FX This research was sponsored by the Naval Research Laboratory and the
Office of Naval Research under Program Lement 0601153N, Project Number
BE-033-03-4M. The DoD High Performance Computing program at NAVO MSRC
and at FNMOC provided the computing resources.
NR 24
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 136
IS 10
BP 3655
EP 3670
DI 10.1175/2008MWR2376.1
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 361YO
UT WOS:000260164200002
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, QF
Doyle, JD
AF Jiang, Qingfang
Doyle, James D.
TI Diurnal Variation of Downslope Winds in Owens Valley during the Sierra
Rotor Experiment
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID AMPLITUDE MOUNTAIN WAVES; SURFACE FRICTION; BOUNDARY-LAYERS; LEE WAVES;
MESOSCALE; BREAKING; MODEL; FLOW; TOPOGRAPHY; SEPARATION
AB The impact of diurnal forcing on a downslope wind event that occurred in Owens Valley in California during the Sierra Rotors Project (SRP) in the spring of 2004 has been examined based on observational analysis and diagnosis of numerical simulations. The observations indicate that while the upstream flow was characterized by persistent westerlies at and above the mountaintop level the cross-valley winds in Owens Valley exhibited strong diurnal variation. The numerical simulations using the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS) capture many of the observed salient features and indicate that the in-valley flow evolved among three states during a diurnal cycle. Before sunrise, moderate downslope winds were confined to the western slope of Owens Valley (shallow penetration state). Surface heating after sunrise weakened the downslope winds and mountain waves and eventually led to the decoupling of the well-mixed valley air from the westerlies aloft around local noon (decoupled state). The westerlies plunged into the valley in the afternoon and propagated across the valley floor (in-valley westerly state). After sunset, the westerlies within the valley retreated toward the western slope, where the downslope winds persisted throughout the night.
C1 [Jiang, Qingfang] USN, Res Lab, UCAR Visiting Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Jiang, QF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, UCAR Visiting Sci, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM qingfang.jiang@nrlmry.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [0601153N]
FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR)
program element 0601153N. The data were collected in a joint effort by
scientists and staff from the Desert Research Institute, National Center
for Atmospheric Research, University of Washington, and Naval Research
Laboratory. We thank Dr. Vanda Grubisic for providing us the AWS data
and Dr. Ron Smith for helpful comments on an early draft of the
manuscript. The simulations were made using the Coupled
Ocean-Atmospheric Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS) developed by the
U. S. Naval Research Laboratory.
NR 51
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 136
IS 10
BP 3760
EP 3780
DI 10.1175/2008MWR2469.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 361YO
UT WOS:000260164200008
ER
PT J
AU Rickenbach, T
Kucera, P
Gentry, M
Carey, L
Lare, A
Lin, RF
Demoz, B
Starr, DO
AF Rickenbach, Thomas
Kucera, Paul
Gentry, Megan
Carey, Larry
Lare, Andrew
Lin, Ruei-Fong
Demoz, Belay
Starr, David O'C.
TI The Relationship between Anvil Clouds and Convective Cells: A Case Study
in South Florida during CRYSTAL-FACE
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID DIURNAL VARIABILITY; RADAR REFLECTIVITY; SQUALL LINE; LIFE-CYCLE; TOGA
COARE; RAINFALL; TRMM; PRECIPITATION; MISSION; SYSTEM
AB One of the important goals of NASA's Cirrus Regional Study of Tropical Anvils and Cirrus Layers Florida Area Cirrus Experiment (CRYSTAL-FACE) was to further the understanding of the evolution of tropical anvil clouds generated by deep convective systems. An important step toward understanding the radiative properties of convectively generated anvil clouds is to study their life cycle. Observations from ground-based radar, geostationary satellite radiometers, aircraft, and radiosondes during CRYSTAL-FACE provided a comprehensive look at the generation of anvil clouds by convective systems over South Florida during July 2002. This study focused on the relationship between convective rainfall and the evolution of the anvil cloud shield associated with convective systems over South Florida on 23 July 2002, during the CRYSTAL-FACE experiment. Anvil clouds emanating from convective cells grew downwind (to the southwest), reaching their maximum area at all temperature thresholds 1-2 h after the active convective cells collapsed. Radar reflectivity data revealed that precipitation-sized anvil particles extended downwind with the cloud tops. The time lag between maximum rainfall and maximum anvil cloud area increased with system size and rainfall. Observations from airborne radar and analysis of in situ cloud particle size distribution measurements in the anvil region suggested that gravitational size sorting of cloud particles dispersed downshear was a likely mechanism in the evolution of the anvil region. Linear regression analysis suggested a positive trend between this time lag and maximum convective rainfall for this case, as well as between the time lag and maximum system cloud cover. The injection of condensate into the anvil region by large areas of intense cells and dispersal in the upper-level winds was a likely explanation to cause the anvil cloud-top area to grow for 1-2 h after the surface convective rainfall began to weaken. In future work these relationships should be evaluated in differing regimes of shear, stability, or precipitation efficiency, such as over the tropical oceans, in order to generalize the results. The results of this study implied that for these cloud systems, the maximum in latent heating (proportional to rainfall) may precede the peak radiative forcing (related to anvil cloud height and area) by a lead time that was proportional to system size and strength. Mesoscale modeling simulations of convective systems on this day are under way to examine anvil evolution and growth mechanisms.
C1 [Rickenbach, Thomas] E Carolina Univ, Dept Geog, Greenville, NC 27834 USA.
[Kucera, Paul] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Res Applicat Lab, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Gentry, Megan] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Carey, Larry] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX USA.
[Lare, Andrew] Keane Fed Syst, Mclean, VA USA.
[Lin, Ruei-Fong] Univ Maryland, Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Demoz, Belay; Starr, David O'C.] USN, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospheres Lab, Greenbelt, MD USA.
RP Rickenbach, T (reprint author), E Carolina Univ, Dept Geog, A-227 Brewster Bldg, Greenville, NC 27834 USA.
EM rickenbacht@ecu.edu
RI Y, wang/A-8866-2010; Demoz, Belay/N-4130-2014;
OI Mallard, Megan/0000-0001-6548-8914
FU NASA Radiation Sciences program
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the NASA Radiation
Sciences program. The comments of two anonymous reviewers greatly
improved the manuscript.
NR 33
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 136
IS 10
BP 3917
EP 3932
DI 10.1175/2008MWR2441.1
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 361YO
UT WOS:000260164200016
ER
PT J
AU Robinson, JT
Perkins, FK
Snow, ES
Wei, ZQ
Sheehan, PE
AF Robinson, Jeremy T.
Perkins, F. Keith
Snow, Eric S.
Wei, Zhongqing
Sheehan, Paul E.
TI Reduced Graphene Oxide Molecular Sensors
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID EXFOLIATED GRAPHITE OXIDE; CARBON NANOTUBES; AQUEOUS DISPERSIONS;
CHEMICAL SENSORS; TRANSPARENT; NANOSHEETS; REDUCTION; NOISE; FILMS
AB We demonstrate reduced graphene oxide as the active material for high-performance molecular sensors. Sensors are fabricated from exfoliated graphene oxide platelets that are deposited to form an ultrathin continuous network. These graphene oxide networks are tunably reduced toward graphene by varying the exposure time to a hydrazine hydrate vapor. The conductance change of the networks upon exposure to trace levels of vapor is measured as a function of the chemical reduction. The level of reduction affects both the sensitivity and the level of 1/f noise. The sensors are capable of detecting 10 s exposures to simulants of the three main classes of chemical-warfare agents and an explosive at parts-per-billion concentrations.
C1 [Robinson, Jeremy T.; Perkins, F. Keith; Snow, Eric S.; Wei, Zhongqing; Sheehan, Paul E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Robinson, JT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jeremy.robinson@nrl.navy.mil; snow@bloch.nrl.navy.mil
RI Robinson, Jeremy/F-2748-2010; Sheehan, Paul/B-4793-2010
OI Sheehan, Paul/0000-0003-2668-4124
FU Naval Research Laboratory
FX This research was performed while J. T. Robinson and Z. Wei held a
National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval
Research Laboratory.
NR 21
TC 861
Z9 876
U1 52
U2 502
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 8
IS 10
BP 3137
EP 3140
DI 10.1021/nl8013007
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 358HD
UT WOS:000259906800011
PM 18763832
ER
PT J
AU Wei, ZQ
Barlow, DE
Sheehan, PE
AF Wei, Zhongqing
Barlow, Daniel E.
Sheehan, Paul E.
TI The Assembly of Single-Layer Graphene Oxide and Graphene Using Molecular
Templates
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID EXFOLIATED GRAPHITE OXIDE; CARBON NANOTUBES; AQUEOUS DISPERSIONS;
SHEETS; NANOPLATELETS; NANOSHEETS; REDUCTION; ROUTE; MODEL; FILMS
AB Charged molecular templates were created to direct the placement of single-layer graphite oxide (GO) sheets. The distribution of the GO sheets depended on the surface functionalization, background passivation, pH, and deposition time. Electrostatic attraction guides the templating of the GO sheets and, consequently, templating could be modulated by adjusting the pH of the deposition solution. In contrast to CNT immobilization, we find that the GO sheets do not adhere to the bare Au surface.
C1 [Wei, Zhongqing; Barlow, Daniel E.; Sheehan, Paul E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Sheehan, PE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6177, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM paul.sheehan@nrl.navy.mil
RI Sheehan, Paul/B-4793-2010; Barlow, Daniel/C-9006-2013
OI Sheehan, Paul/0000-0003-2668-4124;
NR 47
TC 104
Z9 105
U1 9
U2 116
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
EI 1530-6992
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 8
IS 10
BP 3141
EP 3145
DI 10.1021/nl801301a
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 358HD
UT WOS:000259906800012
PM 18754689
ER
PT J
AU Robinson, JT
Zalalutdinov, M
Baldwin, JW
Snow, ES
Wei, ZQ
Sheehan, P
Houston, BH
AF Robinson, Jeremy T.
Zalalutdinov, Maxim
Baldwin, Jeffrey W.
Snow, Eric S.
Wei, Zhongqing
Sheehan, Paul
Houston, Brian H.
TI Wafer-scale Reduced Graphene Oxide Films for Nanomechanical Devices
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID NANOCRYSTALLINE-DIAMOND; RESONATORS; TRANSPARENT; NANOSHEETS
AB We report a process to form large-area, few-monolayer graphene oxide films and then recover the outstanding mechanical properties found in graphene to fabricate high Young's modulus (< E > = 185 GPa), low-density nanomechanical resonators. Wafer-scale films as thin as 4 nm are sufficiently robust that they can be delaminated intact and resuspended on a bed of pillars or field of holes. From these films, we demonstrate radio frequency resonators with quality factors (up to 4000) and figures of merit (f x Q > 10(11)) well exceeding those of pure graphene resonators reported to date. These films' ability to withstand high in-plane tension (up to 5 N/m) as well as their high Q-values reveals that film integrity is enhanced by platelet-platelet bonding unavailable in pure graphite.
C1 [Robinson, Jeremy T.; Baldwin, Jeffrey W.; Snow, Eric S.; Wei, Zhongqing; Sheehan, Paul; Houston, Brian H.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Zalalutdinov, Maxim] SFA Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA.
RP Robinson, JT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jeremy.robinson@nrl.navy.mil
RI Robinson, Jeremy/F-2748-2010; Sheehan, Paul/B-4793-2010
OI Sheehan, Paul/0000-0003-2668-4124
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Naval Research
FX We thank D. Park and K. Bussmann for assistance with resonator
fabrication. This research was at least partially performed while J.T.R
and Z.W. held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award
at the Naval Research Laboratory. J.T.R. fabricated the Si pillar array
at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory which was supported in part by
the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the U.S. Department
of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. This work was supported
in part by the Office of Naval Research.
NR 33
TC 231
Z9 238
U1 14
U2 137
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 8
IS 10
BP 3441
EP 3445
DI 10.1021/nl8023092
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 358HD
UT WOS:000259906800067
PM 18781807
ER
PT J
AU Wolford, MF
Myers, MC
Giuliani, JL
Sethian, JD
Burns, PM
Hegeler, F
Jaynes, R
AF Wolford, Matthew F.
Myers, Matthew C.
Giuliani, John L.
Sethian, John D.
Burns, Patrick M.
Hegeler, Frank
Jaynes, Reginald
TI Repetition-rate angularly multiplexed krypton fluoride laser system
SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE laser optical system; excimer laser; fusion energy driver; angular
multiplex
ID INDUCED SPATIAL INCOHERENCE; INERTIAL FUSION ENERGY; PUMPED KRF LASER;
ELECTRON-BEAM; ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE; GAIN MEASUREMENTS; POWER-PLANT;
AMPLIFIER; PERFORMANCE; NONUNIFORMITIES
AB The first results are reported from a repetitively pulsed, electron-beam-pumped angularly multiplexed krypton fluoride (KrF) laser system. This laser system, called Electra, was constructed at the U. S. Naval Research Laboratory. The technologies developed on Electra are scalable to a full-size fusion power plant beam line and should meet the inertial fusion energy (IFE) requirements for durability, efficiency, and cost. As in a full-size fusion power plant beam line, Electra is a multistage laser system that consists of a commercial discharge laser, a 175-keV electron-beam-pumped (40-ns flat-top) preamplifier, and a 500-keV (100-ns flat-top) main amplifier. Angular multiplexing is used in the optical layout to provide pulse length control and to maximize laser extraction from the amplifiers. The laser system initially demonstrated 452 J in a single shot and 1.585 kJ total energy in a one-second, 5-Hz burst. The preamplifier alone produces a 25-J KrF output with two angularly multiplexed beams. Extraction volumes were calculated for both a single-pass and a double-pass angularly multiplexed amplifier. A standard ray trace must be used to calculate the extraction volumes for the double-pass amplifier with focusing elements. (C) 2008 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [DOI: 10.1117/1.3000593]
C1 [Wolford, Matthew F.; Myers, Matthew C.; Giuliani, John L.; Sethian, John D.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Burns, Patrick M.] Res Sci Instruments, Lanham, MD 20706 USA.
[Hegeler, Frank] Commonwealth Technol Inc, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA.
[Jaynes, Reginald] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22102 USA.
RP Wolford, MF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RI Wolford, Matthew/D-5834-2013
OI Wolford, Matthew/0000-0002-8624-1336
FU U.S. Department of Energy; National Nuclear Security
Administration/Defense Programs
FX Technical support from J. Dubinger, P. Howard, R. Jones, A.
Mangassarian, and W. Webster is appreciated. The authors thank T. Albert
and J. Parish for engineering support. This work was supported by the
U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security
Administration/Defense Programs.
NR 39
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 10
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 0091-3286
J9 OPT ENG
JI Opt. Eng.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 10
AR 104202
DI 10.1117/1.3000593
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 377RE
UT WOS:000261267500012
ER
PT J
AU Palilis, LC
Lane, PA
Kushto, GP
Purushothaman, B
Anthony, JE
Kafafi, ZH
AF Palilis, Leonidas C.
Lane, Paul A.
Kushto, Gary P.
Purushothaman, Balaji
Anthony, John E.
Kafafi, Zakya H.
TI Organic photovoltaic cells with high open circuit voltages based on
pentacene derivatives
SO ORGANIC ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE pentacene; organic photovoltaics; fullerene; morphology
ID THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; FUNCTIONALIZED PENTACENE;
SOLAR-CELLS; SUBSTITUTED PENTACENE; PERFORMANCE
AB Heterojunction organic photovoltaic devices were fabricated using C(60) as the electron acceptor and several pentacene derivatives with triisopropylsilylethynyl functional groups as the electron donor. The open circuit voltage (V(oc)) of functionalized pentacene-based cells is significantly higher (0.57-0.90 V) than for cells based on unsubstituted pentacene (0.24 V), due to the higher oxidation potentials of these pentacene derivatives. The performance of pentacene derivative cells is limited by lower Current densities than the reference pentacene/C(60) cell. The absorption spectra of films and Solutions of pentacene derivatives closely resemble one another, leading us to conclude that these films are amorphous in nature. Weak intermolecular coupling in the derivative films results in lower charge mobility and shorter exciton diffusion lengths relative to pentacene. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Palilis, Leonidas C.; Lane, Paul A.; Kushto, Gary P.; Kafafi, Zakya H.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Purushothaman, Balaji; Anthony, John E.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
RP Lane, PA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM lpalil@imel.demokritos.gr; paul.lane@nrl.navy.mil
OI Anthony, John/0000-0002-8972-1888
FU Office of Naval Research
FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Mason Wolak for measuring the
absorption spectra of TIPS and Olga Lobanova and Dennis Lichtenberger
for providing preliminary gas phase photoemission data. This work was
supported by the Office of Naval Research.
NR 28
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 3
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1566-1199
J9 ORG ELECTRON
JI Org. Electron.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 9
IS 5
BP 747
EP 752
DI 10.1016/j.orgel.2008.05.015
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 347IJ
UT WOS:000259133500027
ER
PT J
AU Bryan, CJ
Prichard, MN
Daily, S
Jefferson, G
Hartline, C
Cassady, KA
Hilliard, L
Shimamura, M
AF Bryan, Coleman J.
Prichard, Mark N.
Daily, Shannon
Jefferson, Geraldine
Hartline, Caroll
Cassady, Kevin A.
Hilliard, Lee
Shimamura, Masako
TI Acyclovir-resistant chronic verrucous vaccine strain varicella in a
patient with neuroblastoma
SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE varicella; Oka; acyclovir; resistance; immunosuppressed; neuroblastoma
ID ANTIVIRAL DRUGS; ZOSTER-VIRUS; IN-VITRO; INFECTION; HERPESVIRUSES;
REPLICATION; LESIONS; SAFETY; CHILD
AB A 21-month-old girl with neuroblastoma developed chronic verrucous Oka strain varicella-zoster infection during chemotherapy. Virus isolated from the patient demonstrated high-level acyclovir resistance, and its thymidine kinase had no in vitro enzymatic activity. After foscarnet therapy, she underwent stem cell transplantation without varicella reactivation. This is only the second reported case of resistant varicella zoster virus caused by Oka strain virus.
C1 [Bryan, Coleman J.; Hilliard, Lee] Univ Alabama, Div Pediat Hematol Oncol, Birmingham, AL USA.
[Prichard, Mark N.; Daily, Shannon; Jefferson, Geraldine; Hartline, Caroll; Cassady, Kevin A.; Shimamura, Masako] Univ Alabama, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Birmingham, AL USA.
RP Bryan, CJ (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM Coleman.Bryan@med.navy.mil
FU Public Health Service [NOI-AI-30049]; NIH NIAID
FX These studies were supported by Public Health Service contract
NOI-AI-30049 (to M.N.P.) from NIH NIAID. Cidofovir was a gift from Mick
Hitchcock at Gilead Sciences (Foster City, CA).
NR 15
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0891-3668
J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J
JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 27
IS 10
BP 946
EP 948
DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e318175d85c
PG 3
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics
GA 356FZ
UT WOS:000259765400027
PM 18776818
ER
PT J
AU Aglitskiy, Y
Karasik, M
Velikovich, AL
Metzler, N
Zalesak, ST
Schmitt, AJ
Gardner, JH
Serlin, V
Weaver, J
Obenschain, SP
AF Aglitskiy, Y.
Karasik, M.
Velikovich, A. L.
Metzler, N.
Zalesak, S. T.
Schmitt, A. J.
Gardner, J. H.
Serlin, V.
Weaver, J.
Obenschain, S. P.
TI Classical and ablative Richtmyer-Meshkov instability and other
ICF-relevant plasma flows diagnosed with monochromatic x-ray imaging
SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Conference on Turbulent Mixing and Beyond
CY AUG 18-26, 2007
CL Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Trieste, ITALY
HO Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys
ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; NIKE KRF
LASER; EXTREMELY DENSE-PLASMAS; GROWTH-RATE; PERTURBATION GROWTH;
ACCELERATED TARGETS; PLASTIC TARGETS; PLANAR TARGETS; SINGLE-MODE
AB In inertial confinement fusion (ICF) and high-energy density physics (HEDP), the most important manifestations of the hydrodynamic instabilities and other mixing processes involve lateral motion of the accelerated plasmas. In order to understand the experimental observations and to advance the numerical simulation codes to the point of predictive capability, it is critically important to accurately diagnose the motion of the dense plasma mass. The most advanced diagnostic technique recently developed for this purpose is the monochromatic x-ray imaging that combines large field of view with high contrast, high spatial resolution and large throughput, ensuring high temporal resolution at large magnification. Its application made it possible for the experimentalists to observe for the first time important hydrodynamic effects that trigger compressible turbulent mixing in laser targets, such as ablative Richtmyer-Meshkov(RM) instability, feedout, interaction of an RM-unstable interface with shock and rarefaction waves. It also helped to substantially improve the accuracy of diagnosing many other important plasma flows, ranging from laser-produced jets to electromagnetically driven wires in a Z-pinch, and to test various methods suggested for mitigation of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability. We will review the results obtained with the aid of this technique in ICF- HEDP studies at the Naval Research Laboratory and the prospects of its future applications.
C1 [Aglitskiy, Y.; Metzler, N.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22150 USA.
[Aglitskiy, Y.; Karasik, M.; Velikovich, A. L.; Zalesak, S. T.; Schmitt, A. J.; Serlin, V.; Weaver, J.; Obenschain, S. P.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Gardner, J. H.] Berkeley Res Associates Inc, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Aglitskiy, Y (reprint author), Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22150 USA.
EM yefim.agliskiy@nrl.navy.mil
RI Velikovich, Alexander/B-1113-2009
NR 77
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 12
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0031-8949
J9 PHYS SCRIPTA
JI Phys. Scr.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL T132
AR 014021
DI 10.1088/0031-8949/2008/T132/014021
PG 12
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 396HU
UT WOS:000262583600022
ER
PT J
AU Du, MH
Zhang, SB
Northrup, JE
Erwin, SC
AF Du, Mao-Hua
Zhang, S. B.
Northrup, J. E.
Erwin, Steven C.
TI Stabilization mechanisms of polar surfaces: ZnO surfaces
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID OXIDE SURFACES; STABILITY; GAAS(001)
AB First-principles calculations reveal two mechanisms that compete to determine the structure of ZnO polar surfaces. One is the electron-counting rule, which favors semiconducting surfaces. The other is the large ZnO cohesive energy, which favors unreconstructed metallic surfaces with 1x1 periodicity. Their close competition results in crossovers in the preferred surface structure as the oxygen chemical potential is varied, consistent with a variety of surface morphologies observed under different experimental conditions.
C1 [Du, Mao-Hua] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Du, Mao-Hua] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Radiat Detect Mat & Syst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Zhang, S. B.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
[Northrup, J. E.] Palo Alto Res Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.
[Erwin, Steven C.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Du, MH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Erwin, Steven/B-1850-2009; Du, Mao-Hua/B-2108-2010; Krausnick,
Jennifer/D-6291-2013; Zhang, Shengbai/D-4885-2013
OI Du, Mao-Hua/0000-0001-8796-167X; Zhang, Shengbai/0000-0003-0833-5860
FU Office of Naval Research; NRL-NRC; DOE Office of Nonproliferation
Research and Development [NA 22]; DOE/BES and DOE/EERE
[DE-AC36-99GO10337]
FX We thank X. L. Du, J. F. Jia, and Q. K. Xue for sharing unpublished
results. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research, by the
NRL-NRC program, by DOE Office of Nonproliferation Research and
Development NA 22, and by DOE/BES and DOE/EERE under Contract No.
DE-AC36-99GO10337. Computations were performed at NERSC and the DoD
Major Shared Resource Center at ASC.
NR 30
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 3
U2 27
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 15
AR 155424
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.155424
PG 7
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 367TB
UT WOS:000260574400132
ER
PT J
AU Liu, AY
Zope, RR
Pederson, MR
AF Liu, Amy Y.
Zope, Rajendra R.
Pederson, Mark R.
TI Structural and bonding properties of bcc-based B(80) solids
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID BARE BORON CLUSTERS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; HIGH-PRESSURE; C-60;
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; POLYMERIZATION; FULLERIDES; KXC60
AB A density-functional-theory investigation of bcc B(80) and K(6)B(80) is presented. The calculations show that B(80) cages pack closely on a bcc lattice, with bond formation between atoms on both nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor molecules. While the binding energy of 9.9 eV/molecule is only about half that calculated for fcc B(80), potassium intercalation of bcc B(80) adds an ionic component to the binding to further stabilize the lattice. Both B(80) and K(6)B(80) are calculated to be metallic. The electronic structure is analyzed in terms of ionic and covalent effects, and the bonding is discussed in terms of a balance between two- and three-center bonding.
C1 [Liu, Amy Y.] Georgetown Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
[Liu, Amy Y.; Pederson, Mark R.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Zope, Rajendra R.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Phys, El Paso, TX 79958 USA.
RP Liu, AY (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
RI Liu, Amy/E-2266-2015
OI Liu, Amy/0000-0002-2011-1854
FU National Science Foundation through Tera-Grid resources at TACC and NCSA
[DMR-0705266]
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation through Grant
No. DMR-0705266 and through Tera-Grid resources at TACC and NCSA.
NR 36
TC 28
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 15
AR 155422
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.155422
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 367TB
UT WOS:000260574400130
ER
PT J
AU Parker, D
Dolgov, OV
Korshunov, MM
Golubov, AA
Mazin, II
AF Parker, D.
Dolgov, O. V.
Korshunov, M. M.
Golubov, A. A.
Mazin, I. I.
TI Extended s(+/-) scenario for the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate in
superconducting pnictides
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID IMPURITIES; SCATTERING; GAPS
AB Recently, several measurements of the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate T(1)(-1) in the superconducting Fe pnictides have been reported. These measurements generally show no coherence peak below T(c) and indicate a low-temperature power-law behavior, the characteristics commonly taken as evidence of unconventional superconductivity with lines of nodes crossing the Fermi surface. In this work we show that (i) the lack of a coherence peak is fully consistent with the previously proposed nodeless extended s(+/-)-wave symmetry of the order parameter (whether in the clean or dirty limit) and (ii) the low-temperature power-law behavior can be also explained in the framework of the same model but requires going beyond the Born limit.
C1 [Parker, D.; Korshunov, M. M.] Max Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst, D-01187 Dresden, Germany.
[Parker, D.] Max Planck Inst Chem Phys Fester Stoffe, D-01187 Dresden, Germany.
[Dolgov, O. V.] Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
[Korshunov, M. M.] RAS, Siberian Branch, LV Kirensky Phys Inst, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
[Golubov, A. A.] Univ Twente, Fac Sci & Technol, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands.
[Parker, D.; Mazin, I. I.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Parker, D (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst, D-01187 Dresden, Germany.
RI Mazin, Igor/B-6576-2008; Korshunov, Maxim/K-6660-2015; Dolgov,
Oleg/M-8120-2015
OI Korshunov, Maxim/0000-0001-9355-2872; Dolgov, Oleg/0000-0001-8997-2671
NR 35
TC 144
Z9 146
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 13
AR 134524
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.134524
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 367SZ
UT WOS:000260574200110
ER
PT J
AU Zimbovskaya, NA
Pederson, MR
AF Zimbovskaya, Natalya A.
Pederson, Mark R.
TI Negative differential resistance in molecular junctions: Effect of the
electronic structure of the electrodes
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE; CONDUCTANCE; TRANSPORT
AB We have carried out calculations of electron transport through a metal-molecule-metal junction with metal nanoclusters taking the part of electrodes. We show that negative differential resistance peaks could appear in the current-voltage curves. The peaks arise due to narrow features in the electron density of states of the metal clusters. The proposed analysis is based on the ab initio computations of the relevant wave functions and energies within the framework of the density-functional theory using NRLMOL software package.
C1 [Zimbovskaya, Natalya A.] Univ Puerto Rico Humacao, CUH Stn, Dept Phys & Elect, Humacao, PR 00791 USA.
[Zimbovskaya, Natalya A.] Univ Puerto Rico, Inst Funct Nanomat, San Juan, PR 00931 USA.
[Zimbovskaya, Natalya A.; Pederson, Mark R.] USN, Res Lab, Code 6390, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Zimbovskaya, NA (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico Humacao, CUH Stn, Dept Phys & Elect, Humacao, PR 00791 USA.
FU ASEE; ONR Summer Faculty Research Program
FX We thank G. M. Zimbovsky for help with the manuscript. N. Z.
acknowledges support from the ASEE and ONR Summer Faculty Research
Program.
NR 29
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 15
AR 153105
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.153105
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 367TB
UT WOS:000260574400006
ER
PT J
AU Abelev, BI
Aggarwal, MM
Ahammed, Z
Anderson, BD
Arkhipkin, D
Averichev, GS
Bai, Y
Balewski, J
Barannikova, O
Barnby, LS
Baudot, J
Baumgart, S
Beavis, DR
Bellwied, R
Benedosso, F
Betts, RR
Bhardwaj, S
Bhasin, A
Bhati, AK
Bichsel, H
Bielcik, J
Bielcikova, J
Biritz, B
Bland, LC
Bombara, M
Bonner, BE
Botje, M
Bouchet, J
Braidot, E
Brandin, AV
Bruna
Bueltmann, S
Burton, TP
Bystersky, M
Cai, XZ
Caines, H
Sanchez, MCD
Callner, J
Catu, O
Cebra, D
Cendejas, R
Cervantes, MC
Chajecki, Z
Chaloupka, P
Chattopdhyay, S
Chen, HF
Chen, JH
Chen, JY
Cheng, J
Cherney, M
Chikanian, A
Choi, KE
Christie, W
Chung, SU
Clarke, RF
Codrington, MJM
Coffin, JP
Cormier, TM
Cosentino, MR
Cramer, JG
Crawford, HJ
Das, D
Dash, S
Daugherity, M
De Silva, C
Dedovich, TG
DePhillips, M
Derevschikov, AA
de Souza, RD
Didenko, L
Djawotho, P
Dogra, SM
Dong, X
Drachenberg, JL
Draper, JE
Du, F
Dunlop, JC
Mazumdar, MRD
Edwards, WR
Efimov, LG
Elhalhuli, E
Elnimr, M
Emelianov, V
Engelage, J
Eppley, G
Erazmus, B
Estienne, M
Eun, L
Fachini, P
Fatemi, R
Fedorisin, J
Feng, A
Filip, P
Finch, E
Fine, V
Fisyak, Y
Gagliardi, CA
Gaillard, L
Gangaharan, DR
Ganti, MS
Garcia-Solis, ES
Ghazikhanian, V
Ghosh, P
Gorbunov, YN
Gordon, A
Grebenyuk, O
Grosnick, D
Grube, B
Guertin, SM
Guimaraes, KSFF
Gupta, A
Gupta, N
Guryn, W
Haag, B
Hallman, TJ
Hamed, A
Harris, JW
He, W
Heinz, M
Hepplemann, S
Hippolyte, B
Hirsch, A
Hoffman, AM
Hoffmann, GW
Hofman, DJ
Hollis, RS
Huang, HZ
Humanic, TJ
Igo, G
Iordanova, A
Jacobs, P
Jacobs, WW
Jakl, P
Jin, F
Jones, PG
Joseph, J
Judd, EG
Kabana, S
Kajimoto, K
Kang, K
Kapitan, J
Kaplan, M
Keane, D
Kechechyan, A
Kettler, D
Khodyrev, VY
Kiryluk, J
Kisiel, A
Klein, SR
Knospe, AG
Kocoloski, A
Koetke, DD
Kopytine, M
Kotchenda, L
Kouchpil, V
Kravtsov, P
Kravtsov, VI
Krueger, K
Krus, M
Kuhn, C
Kumar, L
Kurnadi, P
Lamont, MAC
Landgraf, JM
LaPointe, S
Lauret, J
Lebedev, A
Lednicky, R
Lee, CH
LeVine, MJ
Li, C
Li, Y
Lin, G
Lin, X
Lindenbaum, SJ
Lisa, MA
Liu, F
Liu, H
Liu, J
Liu, L
Ljubicic, T
Llope, WJ
Longacre, RS
Love, WA
Lu, Y
Ludlam, T
Lynn, D
Ma, GL
Ma, YG
Mahapatra, DP
Majka, R
Mall, MI
Mangotra, LK
Manweiler, R
Margetis, S
Markert, C
Matis, HS
Matulenko, YA
McShane, TS
Meschanin, A
Millane, J
Miller, ML
Minaev, NG
Mioduszewski, S
Mischke, A
Mishra, DK
Mitchell, J
Mohanty, B
Morozov, DA
Munhoz, MG
Nandi, BK
Nattrass, C
Nayak, TK
Nelson, JM
Nepali, C
Netrakanti, PK
Ng, MJ
Nogach, LV
Nurushev, SB
Odyniec, G
Ogawa, A
Okada, H
Okorokov, V
Olson, D
Pachr, M
Page, BS
Pal, SK
Pandit, Y
Panebratsev, Y
Pawlak, T
Peitzmann, T
Perevoztchikov, V
Perkins, C
Peryt, W
Phatak, SC
Planinic, M
Pluta, J
Poljak, N
Poskanzer, AM
Potukuchi, BVKS
Prindle, D
Pruneau, C
Pruthi, NK
Putschke, J
Raniwala, R
Raniwala, S
Ray, RL
Reed, R
Ridiger, A
Ritter, HG
Roberts, JB
Rogachevskiy, OV
Romero, JL
Rose, A
Roy, C
Ruan, L
Russcher, MJ
Rykov, V
Sahoo, R
Sakrejda, I
Sakuma, T
Salur, S
Sandweiss, J
Sarsour, M
Schambach, J
Scharenberg, RP
Schmitz, N
Seger, J
Selyuzhenkov, I
Seyboth, P
Shabetai, A
Shahaliev, E
Shao, M
Sharma, M
Shi, SS
Shi, XH
Sichtermann, EP
Simon, F
Singaraju, RN
Skoby, MJ
Smirnov, N
Snellings, R
Sorensen, P
Sowinski, J
Spinka, HM
Srivastava, B
Stadnik, A
Stanislaus, TDS
Staszak, D
Strikhanov, M
Stringfellow, B
Suaide, AAP
Suarez, MC
Subba, NL
Sumbera, M
Sun, XM
Sun, Y
Sun, Z
Surrow, B
Symons, TJM
deToledo, AS
Takahashi, J
Tang, AH
Tang, Z
Tarnowsky, T
Thein, D
Thomas, JH
Tian, J
Timmins, AR
Timoshenko, S
Tlusty
Tokarev, M
Trainor, TA
Tram, VN
Trattner, AL
Trentalange, S
Tribble, RE
Tsai, OD
Ulery, J
Ullrich, T
Underwood, DG
Van Buren, G
van Leeuwen, M
Molen, AMV
Vanfossen, JA
Varma, R
Vasconcelos, GMS
Vasilevski, IM
Vasiliev, AN
Videbaek, F
Vigdor, SE
Viyogi, YP
Vokal, S
Voloshin, SA
Wada, M
Waggoner, WT
Wang, F
Wang, G
Wang, JS
Wang, Q
Wang, X
Wang, XL
Wang, Y
Webb, JC
Westfall, GD
Whitten, C
Wieman, H
Wissink, SW
Witt, R
Wu, Y
Xu, N
Xu, QH
Xu, Y
Xu, Z
Yepes, P
Yoo, IK
Yue, Q
Zawisza, M
Zbroszczyk, H
Zhan, W
Zhang, H
Zhang, S
Zhang, WM
Zhang, Y
Zhang, ZP
Zhao, Y
Zhong, C
Zhou, J
Zoulkarneev, R
Zoulkarneeva, Y
Zuo, JX
AF Abelev, B. I.
Aggarwal, M. M.
Ahammed, Z.
Anderson, B. D.
Arkhipkin, D.
Averichev, G. S.
Bai, Y.
Balewski, J.
Barannikova, O.
Barnby, L. S.
Baudot, J.
Baumgart, S.
Beavis, D. R.
Bellwied, R.
Benedosso, F.
Betts, R. R.
Bhardwaj, S.
Bhasin, A.
Bhati, A. K.
Bichsel, H.
Bielcik, J.
Bielcikova, J.
Biritz, B.
Bland, L. C.
Bombara, M.
Bonner, B. E.
Botje, M.
Bouchet, J.
Braidot, E.
Brandin, A. V.
Bruna
Bueltmann, S.
Burton, T. P.
Bystersky, M.
Cai, X. Z.
Caines, H.
Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca
Callner, J.
Catu, O.
Cebra, D.
Cendejas, R.
Cervantes, M. C.
Chajecki, Z.
Chaloupka, P.
Chattopdhyay, S.
Chen, H. F.
Chen, J. H.
Chen, J. Y.
Cheng, J.
Cherney, M.
Chikanian, A.
Choi, K. E.
Christie, W.
Chung, S. U.
Clarke, R. F.
Codrington, M. J. M.
Coffin, J. P.
Cormier, T. M.
Cosentino, M. R.
Cramer, J. G.
Crawford, H. J.
Das, D.
Dash, S.
Daugherity, M.
De Silva, C.
Dedovich, T. G.
DePhillips, M.
Derevschikov, A. A.
de Souza, R. Derradi
Didenko, L.
Djawotho, P.
Dogra, S. M.
Dong, X.
Drachenberg, J. L.
Draper, J. E.
Du, F.
Dunlop, J. C.
Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta
Edwards, W. R.
Efimov, L. G.
Elhalhuli, E.
Elnimr, M.
Emelianov, V.
Engelage, J.
Eppley, G.
Erazmus, B.
Estienne, M.
Eun, L.
Fachini, P.
Fatemi, R.
Fedorisin, J.
Feng, A.
Filip, P.
Finch, E.
Fine, V.
Fisyak, Y.
Gagliardi, C. A.
Gaillard, L.
Gangaharan, D. R.
Ganti, M. S.
Garcia-Solis, E.
Ghazikhanian, V.
Ghosh, P.
Gorbunov, Y. N.
Gordon, A.
Grebenyuk, O.
Grosnick, D.
Grube, B.
Guertin, S. M.
Guimaraes, K. S. F. F.
Gupta, A.
Gupta, N.
Guryn, W.
Haag, B.
Hallman, T. J.
Hamed, A.
Harris, J. W.
He, W.
Heinz, M.
Hepplemann, S.
Hippolyte, B.
Hirsch, A.
Hoffman, A. M.
Hoffmann, G. W.
Hofman, D. J.
Hollis, R. S.
Huang, H. Z.
Humanic, T. J.
Igo, G.
Iordanova, A.
Jacobs, P.
Jacobs, W. W.
Jakl, P.
Jin, F.
Jones, P. G.
Joseph, J.
Judd, E. G.
Kabana, S.
Kajimoto, K.
Kang, K.
Kapitan, J.
Kaplan, M.
Keane, D.
Kechechyan, A.
Kettler, D.
Khodyrev, V. Yu.
Kiryluk, J.
Kisiel, A.
Klein, S. R.
Knospe, A. G.
Kocoloski, A.
Koetke, D. D.
Kopytine, M.
Kotchenda, L.
Kouchpil, V.
Kravtsov, P.
Kravtsov, V. I.
Krueger, K.
Krus, M.
Kuhn, C.
Kumar, L.
Kurnadi, P.
Lamont, M. A. C.
Landgraf, J. M.
LaPointe, S.
Lauret, J.
Lebedev, A.
Lednicky, R.
Lee, C. -H.
LeVine, M. J.
Li, C.
Li, Y.
Lin, G.
Lin, X.
Lindenbaum, S. J.
Lisa, M. A.
Liu, F.
Liu, H.
Liu, J.
Liu, L.
Ljubicic, T.
Llope, W. J.
Longacre, R. S.
Love, W. A.
Lu, Y.
Ludlam, T.
Lynn, D.
Ma, G. L.
Ma, Y. G.
Mahapatra, D. P.
Majka, R.
Mall, M. I.
Mangotra, L. K.
Manweiler, R.
Margetis, S.
Markert, C.
Matis, H. S.
Matulenko, Yu. A.
McShane, T. S.
Meschanin, A.
Millane, J.
Miller, M. L.
Minaev, N. G.
Mioduszewski, S.
Mischke, A.
Mishra, D. K.
Mitchell, J.
Mohanty, B.
Morozov, D. A.
Munhoz, M. G.
Nandi, B. K.
Nattrass, C.
Nayak, T. K.
Nelson, J. M.
Nepali, C.
Netrakanti, P. K.
Ng, M. J.
Nogach, L. V.
Nurushev, S. B.
Odyniec, G.
Ogawa, A.
Okada, H.
Okorokov, V.
Olson, D.
Pachr, M.
Page, B. S.
Pal, S. K.
Pandit, Y.
Panebratsev, Y.
Pawlak, T.
Peitzmann, T.
Perevoztchikov, V.
Perkins, C.
Peryt, W.
Phatak, S. C.
Planinic, M.
Pluta, J.
Poljak, N.
Poskanzer, A. M.
Potukuchi, B. V. K. S.
Prindle, D.
Pruneau, C.
Pruthi, N. K.
Putschke, J.
Raniwala, R.
Raniwala, S.
Ray, R. L.
Reed, R.
Ridiger, A.
Ritter, H. G.
Roberts, J. B.
Rogachevskiy, O. V.
Romero, J. L.
Rose, A.
Roy, C.
Ruan, L.
Russcher, M. J.
Rykov, V.
Sahoo, R.
Sakrejda, I.
Sakuma, T.
Salur, S.
Sandweiss, J.
Sarsour, M.
Schambach, J.
Scharenberg, R. P.
Schmitz, N.
Seger, J.
Selyuzhenkov, I.
Seyboth, P.
Shabetai, A.
Shahaliev, E.
Shao, M.
Sharma, M.
Shi, S. S.
Shi, X-H.
Sichtermann, E. P.
Simon, F.
Singaraju, R. N.
Skoby, M. J.
Smirnov, N.
Snellings, R.
Sorensen, P.
Sowinski, J.
Spinka, H. M.
Srivastava, B.
Stadnik, A.
Stanislaus, T. D. S.
Staszak, D.
Strikhanov, M.
Stringfellow, B.
Suaide, A. A. P.
Suarez, M. C.
Subba, N. L.
Sumbera, M.
Sun, X. M.
Sun, Y.
Sun, Z.
Surrow, B.
Symons, T. J. M.
deToledo, A. Szanto
Takahashi, J.
Tang, A. H.
Tang, Z.
Tarnowsky, T.
Thein, D.
Thomas, J. H.
Tian, J.
Timmins, A. R.
Timoshenko, S.
Tlusty
Tokarev, M.
Trainor, T. A.
Tram, V. N.
Trattner, A. L.
Trentalange, S.
Tribble, R. E.
Tsai, O. D.
Ulery, J.
Ullrich, T.
Underwood, D. G.
Van Buren, G.
van Leeuwen, M.
Molen, A. M. Vander
Vanfossen, J. A., Jr.
Varma, R.
Vasconcelos, G. M. S.
Vasilevski, I. M.
Vasiliev, A. N.
Videbaek, F.
Vigdor, S. E.
Viyogi, Y. P.
Vokal, S.
Voloshin, S. A.
Wada, M.
Waggoner, W. T.
Wang, F.
Wang, G.
Wang, J. S.
Wang, Q.
Wang, X.
Wang, X. L.
Wang, Y.
Webb, J. C.
Westfall, G. D.
Whitten, C., Jr.
Wieman, H.
Wissink, S. W.
Witt, R.
Wu, Y.
Xu, N.
Xu, Q. H.
Xu, Y.
Xu, Z.
Yepes, P.
Yoo, I. -K.
Yue, Q.
Zawisza, M.
Zbroszczyk, H.
Zhan, W.
Zhang, H.
Zhang, S.
Zhang, W. M.
Zhang, Y.
Zhang, Z. P.
Zhao, Y.
Zhong, C.
Zhou, J.
Zoulkarneev, R.
Zoulkarneeva, Y.
Zuo, J. X.
CA STAR Collaboration
TI Hadronic resonance production in d+Au collisions at root S-NN = 200 GeV
measured at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID LARGE TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; ENERGY NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; TIME PROJECTION
CHAMBER; FREEZE-OUT; INCLUSIVE PRODUCTION; PARTICLE-PRODUCTION; AU+AU
COLLISIONS; GLUON PRODUCTION; MESON PRODUCTION; COLORED GLASS
AB We present the first measurements of the rho(770)(0),K-*(892),Delta(1232)(++),Sigma(1385), and Lambda(1520) resonances in d+Au collisions at s(NN)=200 GeV, reconstructed via their hadronic decay channels using the STAR detector (the solenoidal tracker at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider). The masses and widths of these resonances are studied as a function of transverse momentum p(T). We observe that the resonance spectra follow a generalized scaling law with the transverse mass m(T). The < p(T)> of resonances in minimum bias collisions are compared with the < p(T)> of pi,K, and p. The rho(0)/pi(-),K-*/K-,Delta(++)/p,Sigma(1385)/Lambda, and Lambda(1520)/Lambda ratios in d+Au collisions are compared with the measurements in minimum bias p+p interactions, where we observe that both measurements are comparable. The nuclear modification factors (R-dAu) of the rho(0),K-*, and Sigma(*) scale with the number of binary collisions (N-bin) for p(T)> 1.2 GeV/c.
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[Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Barnby, L. S.; Bombara, M.; Burton, T. P.; Elhalhuli, E.; Gaillard, L.; Jones, P. G.; Nelson, J. M.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England.
[Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Bueltmann, S.; Christie, W.; Chung, S. U.; DePhillips, M.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fachini, P.; Fine, V.; Fisyak, Y.; Gordon, A.; Guryn, W.; Hallman, T. J.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; LeVine, M. J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Love, W. A.; Ludlam, T.; Lynn, D.; Ogawa, A.; Okada, H.; Perevoztchikov, V.; Ruan, L.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbaek, F.; Xu, Z.; Zhang, H.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Ng, M. J.; Perkins, C.; Trattner, A. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D.; Das, D.; Draper, J. E.; Haag, B.; Liu, H.; Mall, M. I.; Reed, R.; Romero, J. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
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[de Souza, R. Derradi; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Kaplan, M.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Cherney, M.; Gorbunov, Y. N.; McShane, T. S.; Seger, J.; Waggoner, W. T.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA.
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[Averichev, G. S.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Kechechyan, A.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Stadnik, A.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.] Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Lab High Energy, Dubna, Russia.
[Arkhipkin, D.; Filip, P.; Lednicky, R.; Vasilevski, I. M.; Zoulkarneev, R.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Particle Phys Lab, Dubna, Russia.
[Dash, S.; Mahapatra, D. P.; Mishra, D. K.; Phatak, S. C.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India.
[Nandi, B. K.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India.
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[Baudot, J.; Coffin, J. P.; Estienne, M.; Hippolyte, B.; Kuhn, C.; Shabetai, A.] Inst Rech Subatom, Strasbourg, France.
[Bhasin, A.; Dogra, S. M.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, N.; Mangotra, L. K.; Potukuchi, B. V. K. S.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India.
[Anderson, B. D.; Bouchet, J.; Joseph, J.; Keane, D.; Kopytine, M.; Margetis, S.; Nepali, C.; Pandit, Y.; Rykov, V.; Subba, N. L.; Vanfossen, J. A., Jr.; Zhang, W. M.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
[Fatemi, R.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
[Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Zhan, W.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Peoples R China.
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[Balewski, J.; Hoffman, A. M.; Kocoloski, A.; Millane, J.; Miller, M. L.; Sakuma, T.; Surrow, B.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.; Simon, F.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.
[Molen, A. M. Vander; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Brandin, A. V.; Emelianov, V.; Kotchenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Okorokov, V.; Ridiger, A.; Strikhanov, M.; Timoshenko, S.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia.
[Lindenbaum, S. J.] CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA.
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[Bai, Y.; Benedosso, F.; Botje, M.; Braidot, E.; Mischke, A.; Peitzmann, T.; Russcher, M. J.; Snellings, R.; van Leeuwen, M.] Univ Utrecht, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Chajecki, Z.; Humanic, T. J.; Kisiel, A.; Lisa, M. A.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Kumar, L.; Pruthi, N. K.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India.
[Eun, L.; Hepplemann, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Derevschikov, A. A.; Khodyrev, V. Yu.; Kravtsov, V. I.; Matulenko, Yu. A.; Meschanin, A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia.
[Hirsch, A.; Netrakanti, P. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Skoby, M. J.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Tarnowsky, T.; Ulery, J.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Choi, K. E.; Grube, B.; Lee, C. -H.; Yoo, I. -K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea.
[Bhardwaj, S.; Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India.
[Bonner, B. E.; Eppley, G.; Liu, J.; Llope, W. J.; Mitchell, J.; Roberts, J. B.; Yepes, P.; Zhou, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
[Cosentino, M. R.; Guimaraes, K. S. F. F.; Munhoz, M. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; deToledo, A. Szanto] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Chen, H. F.; Li, C.; Lu, Y.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.; Zhao, Y.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.
[Cai, X. Z.; Chen, J. H.; Jin, F.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shi, X-H.; Tian, J.; Zhang, S.; Zhong, C.; Zuo, J. X.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China.
[Erazmus, B.; Kabana, S.; Roy, C.; Sahoo, R.] SUBATECH, Nantes, France.
[Cervantes, M. C.; Clarke, R. F.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Mioduszewski, S.; Sarsour, M.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Daugherity, M.; Hoffmann, G. W.; Kajimoto, K.; Markert, C.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.; Thein, D.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Cheng, J.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, X.; Wang, Y.; Yue, Q.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Witt, R.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Manweiler, R.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.; Webb, J. C.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA.
[Ahammed, Z.; Chattopdhyay, S.; Mazumdar, M. R. Dutta; Ganti, M. S.; Ghosh, P.; Mohanty, B.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Singaraju, R. N.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India.
[Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Zawisza, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland.
[Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.; Kettler, D.; Prindle, D.; Trainor, T. A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Bellwied, R.; Cormier, T. M.; De Silva, C.; Elnimr, M.; LaPointe, S.; Pruneau, C.; Sharma, M.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA.
[Chen, J. Y.; Feng, A.; Lin, X.; Liu, F.; Liu, L.; Shi, S. S.; Wu, Y.] Hua Zhong Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, CCNU, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
[Baumgart, S.; Bruna; Caines, H.; Catu, O.; Chikanian, A.; Du, F.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Heinz, M.; Knospe, A. G.; Lin, G.; Majka, R.; Nattrass, C.; Putschke, J.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia.
RP Abelev, BI (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
RI Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Takahashi,
Jun/B-2946-2012; Planinic, Mirko/E-8085-2012; Peitzmann,
Thomas/K-2206-2012; Witt, Richard/H-3560-2012; Voloshin,
Sergei/I-4122-2013; Pandit, Yadav/I-2170-2013; Lednicky,
Richard/K-4164-2013; Cosentino, Mauro/L-2418-2014; Sumbera,
Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Dogra, Sunil
/B-5330-2013; Fornazier Guimaraes, Karin Silvia/H-4587-2016; Chaloupka,
Petr/E-5965-2012; Nattrass, Christine/J-6752-2016; Suaide,
Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017;
Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013;
OI Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779;
Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Pandit,
Yadav/0000-0003-2809-7943; Cosentino, Mauro/0000-0002-7880-8611;
Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Strikhanov,
Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Fornazier Guimaraes, Karin
Silvia/0000-0003-0578-9533; Nattrass, Christine/0000-0002-8768-6468;
Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Okorokov,
Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Bhasin,
Anju/0000-0002-3687-8179; van Leeuwen, Marco/0000-0002-5222-4888
FU RCF at BNL; NERSC Center at LBNL; HENP Divisions of the Office of
Science; U. S. DOE; U. S. NSF; BMBF of Germany [IN2P3]; EPSRC of the
United Kingdom; EMN of France; FAPESP of Brazil; Russian Ministry of
Science and Technology; Ministry of Education and the NNSFC of China;
IRP and GA of the Czech Republic; FOM of the Netherlands; DAE; DST; CSIR
of the Government of India; Swiss NSF; Polish State Committee for
Scientific Research; STAA of Slovakia; Korea Science & Engineering
Foundation
FX We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, and the NERSC Center
at LBNL for their support. This work was supported in part by the HENP
Divisions of the Office of Science of the U. S. DOE; the U. S. NSF; the
BMBF of Germany; IN2P3, RA, RPL, and EMN of France; EPSRC of the United
Kingdom; FAPESP of Brazil; the Russian Ministry of Science and
Technology; the Ministry of Education and the NNSFC of China; IRP and GA
of the Czech Republic; FOM of the Netherlands; DAE, DST, and CSIR of the
Government of India; Swiss NSF; the Polish State Committee for
Scientific Research; STAA of Slovakia; and the Korea Science &
Engineering Foundation.
NR 68
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
EI 1089-490X
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 4
AR 044906
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.78.044906
PG 20
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 367TE
UT WOS:000260574700071
ER
PT J
AU Yadav, RB
Ma, WC
Hagemann, GB
Bengtsson, R
Ryde, H
Amro, H
Bracco, A
Carpenter, MP
Domscheit, J
Frattini, S
Hartley, DJ
Herskind, B
Hubel, H
Janssens, RVF
Khoo, TL
Kondev, FG
Lauritsen, T
Lister, CJ
Million, B
Odegard, S
Riedinger, LL
Schmidt, KA
Siem, S
Sletten, G
Varmette, PG
Wilson, JN
Zhang, YC
AF Yadav, R. B.
Ma, W. C.
Hagemann, G. B.
Bengtsson, R.
Ryde, H.
Amro, H.
Bracco, A.
Carpenter, M. P.
Domscheit, J.
Frattini, S.
Hartley, D. J.
Herskind, B.
Hubel, H.
Janssens, R. V. F.
Khoo, T. L.
Kondev, F. G.
Lauritsen, T.
Lister, C. J.
Million, B.
Odegard, S.
Riedinger, L. L.
Schmidt, K. A.
Siem, S.
Sletten, G.
Varmette, P. G.
Wilson, J. N.
Zhang, Y. C.
TI Identification of triaxial strongly deformed bands in Hf-168
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID PARTICLE-HOLE EXCITATIONS; WOBBLING EXCITATIONS; HIGH-SPIN; NUCLEI;
ENERGY; MODE; WELL
AB Possible decay pathways associated with three candidates for triaxial strongly deformed (TSD) bands in Hf-168 have been investigated. The spin and excitation energy of the strongest band, TSD1, were determined approximately based on gamma-ray coincidence relationships. Discrete links were established for the second band. The overall agreement between the observed properties of the bands and cranking calculations using the ULTIMATE CRANKER code provides strong support for an interpretation where band TSD1 is associated with a TSD minimum, (epsilon(2),gamma)similar to(0.43,20(degrees)), involving the pi(i(13/2))(2) and the nu(j(15/2)) high-j orbitals. This constitutes the first identification of a TSD band in Hf isotopes, which has been long-predicted by theoretical studies. The second band is understood as being associated with a near-prolate shape and a deformation enhanced with respect to the normal deformed bands. It is proposed to be built on the pi(i(13/2)h(9/2))circle times nu(i(13/2))(2) configuration.
C1 [Yadav, R. B.; Ma, W. C.; Amro, H.; Varmette, P. G.; Zhang, Y. C.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Hagemann, G. B.; Herskind, B.; Schmidt, K. A.; Sletten, G.; Varmette, P. G.; Wilson, J. N.] Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Bengtsson, R.] Lund Inst Technol, Dept Math Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden.
[Ryde, H.] Lund Univ, Dept Nucl Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden.
[Bracco, A.; Frattini, S.; Million, B.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Milan, Italy.
[Carpenter, M. P.; Janssens, R. V. F.; Khoo, T. L.; Lauritsen, T.; Lister, C. J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Domscheit, J.; Hubel, H.] Univ Bonn, Helmholtz Inst Strahlen & Kernphys, D-5300 Bonn, Germany.
[Hartley, D. J.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Kondev, F. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Odegard, S.; Siem, S.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
[Riedinger, L. L.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Yadav, RB (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015
OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734
FU U. S. Department of Energy; Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-FG02-95ER40939
(MSU), DE-AC02-06CH11357 (ANL)]
FX This work was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of
Nuclear Physics, under Grant Nos. DE-FG02-95ER40939 (MSU) and
DE-AC02-06CH11357 (ANL),
NR 29
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9985
EI 2469-9993
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 4
AR 044316
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.78.044316
PG 7
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 367TE
UT WOS:000260574700031
ER
PT J
AU Manna, U
Song, JK
Vij, JK
Naciri, J
AF Manna, U.
Song, Jang-Kun
Vij, J. K.
Naciri, J.
TI Electric-field-dependent dielectric response in the de Vries-type
smectic-A(*) phase possessing local orientational order with nanoscale
correlation length
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTROCLINIC LIQUID-CRYSTALS; SMECTIC-C; LAYER STRUCTURE; ASTERISK
AB The dielectric strength is shown to increase and the relaxation frequency to decrease for a large temperature range up to a certain value of the electric field in the smectic-A(*) phase. This behavior contrasts to that observed in a conventional smectic-A(*), but can be explained in terms of de Vries scenerio. On assuming the reorientation of the molecular dipoles with electric field to be of the Langevin type in the de Vries smectic-A(*), we find that around 1300 molecules, corresponding to a minimum correlation length of xi(perpendicular to)approximate to 45 nm in a single layer cooperatively respond to the applied field.
C1 [Manna, U.; Song, Jang-Kun; Vij, J. K.] Dublin City Univ, Trinity Coll, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Dublin 2, Ireland.
[Naciri, J.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Manna, U (reprint author), Dublin City Univ, Trinity Coll, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Dublin 2, Ireland.
EM jvij@tcd.ie
RI Manna, Uttam/B-9112-2009; Manna, Uttam/D-9984-2014;
OI Manna, Uttam/0000-0001-5095-4417; Vij, Jagdish K/0000-0001-7918-126X
FU Nissan Chemical Industries Ltd [RN1175]; Science Foundation of Ireland
(SFI) [02/In.1/I031]
FX We extend our grateful acknowledgments to Nissan Chemical Industries
Ltd. for donating aligning agent RN1175. We thank Atsuo Fukuda and M. A.
Osipov for fruitful discussions. We also thank Science Foundation of
Ireland (SFI), Grant No. 02/In.1/I031 for funding the work. J.K.S.
thanks Samsung Electronics Co. for granting a leave of absence from
Seoul.
NR 32
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1539-3755
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 4
AR 041705
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.78.041705
PN 1
PG 5
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 367SV
UT WOS:000260573800081
PM 18999443
ER
PT J
AU Brown, CM
Seely, JF
Feldman, U
Holland, GE
Weaver, JL
Obenschain, SP
Kjornrattanawanich, B
Fielding, D
AF Brown, Charles M.
Seely, John F.
Feldman, Uri
Holland, Glenn E.
Weaver, James L.
Obenschain, Steven P.
Kjornrattanawanich, Benjawan
Fielding, Drew
TI High-resolution imaging spectrometer for recording absolutely calibrated
far ultraviolet spectra from laser-produced plasmas
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE calibration; CMOS image sensors; diffraction gratings; photodiodes;
plasma diagnostics; plasma production by laser; plasma properties;
plasmons; telescopes; ultraviolet spectra; ultraviolet spectroscopy
ID REGION
AB An imaging spectrometer was designed and fabricated for recording far ultraviolet spectra from laser-produced plasmas with wavelengths as short as 155 nm. The spectrometer implements a Cassegrain telescope and two gratings in a tandem Wadsworth optical configuration that provides diffraction limited resolution. Spectral images were recorded from plasmas produced by the irradiation of various target materials by intense KrF laser radiation with 248 nm wavelength. Two pairs of high-resolution gratings can be selected for the coverage of two wavebands, one grating pair with 1800 grooves/mm and covering approximately 155-175 nm and another grating pair with 1200 grooves/mm covering 230-260 nm. The latter waveband includes the 248 nm KrF laser wavelength, and the former waveband includes the wavelength of the two-plasmon decay instability at 2/3 the KrF laser wavelength (165 nm). The detection media consist of a complementary metal oxide semiconductor imager, photostimulable phosphor image plates, and a linear array of 1 mm(2) square silicon photodiodes with 0.4 ns rise time. The telescope mirrors, spectrometer gratings, and 1 mm(2) photodiode were calibrated using synchrotron radiation, and this enables the measurement of the absolute emission from the laser-produced plasmas with temporal, spatial, and spectral resolutions. The spectrometer is capable of measuring absolute spectral emissions at 165 nm wavelength as small as 5x10(-7) J/nm from a plasma source area of 0.37 mm(2) and with 0.4 ns time resolution.
C1 [Brown, Charles M.; Seely, John F.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Feldman, Uri] ARTEP Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA.
[Holland, Glenn E.] SFA Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA.
[Weaver, James L.; Obenschain, Steven P.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Kjornrattanawanich, Benjawan] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Kjornrattanawanich, Benjawan] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA.
[Fielding, Drew] Commonwealth Technol Inc, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA.
RP Brown, CM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
FU U.S. Department of Energy
FX We thank Leonid Goray for improvements in the efficiency calculations.
We thank the NIKE laser operations staff and target chamber staff for
invaluable assistance and Joseph Kelleher of Commonwealth Technologies
Inc. for assistance with the spectrometer design. This work was
supported by the U.S. Department of Energy. The mention of commercial
products does not necessarily represent an endorsement.
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 10
AR 103109
DI 10.1063/1.3000685
PG 11
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 367ST
UT WOS:000260573500010
PM 19044704
ER
PT J
AU Jackson, SL
Weber, BV
Mosher, D
Phipps, DG
Stephanakis, SJ
Commisso, RJ
Qi, N
Failor, BH
Coleman, PL
AF Jackson, S. L.
Weber, B. V.
Mosher, D.
Phipps, D. G.
Stephanakis, S. J.
Commisso, R. J.
Qi, N.
Failor, B. H.
Coleman, P. L.
TI A comparison of planar, laser-induced fluorescence, and high-sensitivity
interferometry techniques for gas-puff nozzle density measurements
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 17th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics
CY 2008
CL Albuquerque, NM
DE argon; fluorescence; light interferometry; plasma density; plasma
diagnostics; Z pinch
ID DISTRIBUTIONS
AB The distribution of argon gas injected by a 12-cm-diameter triple-shell nozzle was characterized using both planar, laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) and high-sensitivity interferometry. PLIF is used to measure the density distribution at a given time by detecting fluorescence from an acetone tracer added to the gas. Interferometry involves making time-dependent, line-integrated gas density measurements at a series of chordal locations that are then Abel inverted to obtain the gas density distribution. Measurements were made on nominally identical nozzles later used for gas-puff Z-pinch experiments on the Saturn pulsed-power generator. Significant differences in the mass distributions obtained by the two techniques are presented and discussed, along with the strengths and weaknesses of each method.
C1 [Jackson, S. L.; Weber, B. V.; Mosher, D.; Phipps, D. G.; Stephanakis, S. J.; Commisso, R. J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Qi, N.; Failor, B. H.] L 3 Commun, San Leandro, CA 94577 USA.
[Coleman, P. L.] Alameda Appl Sci, San Leandro, CA 94577 USA.
[Mosher, D.; Phipps, D. G.; Stephanakis, S. J.] L 3 Communicat, Reston, VA USA.
RP Jackson, SL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 11
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 10
AR 10E717
DI 10.1063/1.2979871
PG 4
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 367ST
UT WOS:000260573500136
PM 19044535
ER
PT J
AU Jones, B
Coverdale, CA
Nielsen, DS
Jones, MC
Deeney, C
Serrano, JD
Nielsen-Weber, LB
Meyer, CJ
Apruzese, JP
Clark, RW
Coleman, PL
AF Jones, B.
Coverdale, C. A.
Nielsen, D. S.
Jones, M. C.
Deeney, C.
Serrano, J. D.
Nielsen-Weber, L. B.
Meyer, C. J.
Apruzese, J. P.
Clark, R. W.
Coleman, P. L.
TI Multicolor, time-gated, soft x-ray pinhole imaging of wire array and gas
puff Z pinches on the Z and Saturn pulsed power generators
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 17th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics
CY 2008
CL Albuquerque, NM
DE copper; exploding wires; explosions; plasma diagnostics; plasma X-ray
sources; X-ray imaging; Z pinch
ID Z-ACCELERATOR; EMISSION
AB A multicolor, time-gated, soft x-ray pinhole imaging instrument is fielded as part of the core diagnostic set on the 25 MA Z machine [M. E. Savage , in Proceedings of the Pulsed Power Plasma Sciences Conference (IEEE, New York, 2007), p. 979] for studying intense wire array and gas puff Z-pinch soft x-ray sources. Pinhole images are reflected from a planar multilayer mirror, passing 277 eV photons with < 10 eV bandwidth. An adjacent pinhole camera uses filtration alone to view 1-10 keV photons simultaneously. Overlaying these data provides composite images that contain both spectral as well as spatial information, allowing for the study of radiation production in dense Z-pinch plasmas. Cu wire arrays at 20 MA on Z show the implosion of a colder cloud of material onto a hot dense core where K-shell photons are excited. A 528 eV imaging configuration has been developed on the 8 MA Saturn generator [R. B. Spielman , and A. I. P. Conf, Proc. 195, 3 (1989)] for imaging a bright Li-like Ar L-shell line. Ar gas puff Z pinches show an intense K-shell emission from a zippering stagnation front with L-shell emission dominating as the plasma cools.
C1 [Jones, B.; Coverdale, C. A.; Nielsen, D. S.; Jones, M. C.; Deeney, C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA.
[Serrano, J. D.; Nielsen-Weber, L. B.; Meyer, C. J.] Ktech Corp Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
[Apruzese, J. P.; Clark, R. W.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Coleman, P. L.] Alameda Appl Sci Corp, San Leandro, CA 94577 USA.
RP Jones, B (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA.
EM bmjones@sandia.gov
NR 17
TC 6
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U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 10
AR 10E906
DI 10.1063/1.2969280
PG 4
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 367ST
UT WOS:000260573500164
PM 19044561
ER
PT J
AU Murphy, DP
Allen, RJ
Weber, BV
Commisso, RJ
Apruzese, JP
Phipps, DG
Mosher, D
AF Murphy, D. P.
Allen, R. J.
Weber, B. V.
Commisso, R. J.
Apruzese, J. P.
Phipps, D. G.
Mosher, D.
TI Time-resolved voltage measurements of Z-pinch radiation sources with a
vacuum voltmeter
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 17th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics
CY 2008
CL Albuquerque, NM
DE plasma diagnostics; pulsed power technology; voltage measurement; Z
pinch
AB A vacuum-voltmeter (VVM) was fielded on the Saturn pulsed power generator during a series of argon gas-puff Z-pinch shots. Time-resolved voltage and separately measured load current are used to determine several dynamic properties as the load implodes, namely, the inductance, L(t), net energy coupled to the load, E(coupled)(t), and the load radius, r(t). The VVM is a two-stage voltage divider, designed to operate at voltages up to 2 MV. The VVM is presently being modified to operate at voltages up to 6 MV for eventual use on the Z generator.
C1 [Murphy, D. P.; Allen, R. J.; Weber, B. V.; Commisso, R. J.; Apruzese, J. P.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Mosher, D.] L3 Commun Titan Grp, Reston, VA 20190 USA.
RP Murphy, DP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave SW,Code 6770, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 6
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 10
AR 10E306
DI 10.1063/1.2956829
PG 3
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 367ST
UT WOS:000260573500064
PM 19044468
ER
PT J
AU Tommasini, R
MacPhee, A
Hey, D
Ma, T
Chen, C
Izumi, N
Unites, W
MacKinnon, A
Hatchett, SP
Remington, BA
Park, HS
Springer, P
Koch, JA
Landen, OL
Seely, J
Holland, G
Hudson, L
AF Tommasini, R.
MacPhee, A.
Hey, D.
Ma, T.
Chen, C.
Izumi, N.
Unites, W.
MacKinnon, A.
Hatchett, S. P.
Remington, B. A.
Park, H. S.
Springer, P.
Koch, J. A.
Landen, O. L.
Seely, John
Holland, Glenn
Hudson, Larry
TI Development of backlighting sources for a Compton radiography diagnostic
of inertial confinement fusion targets (invited)
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 17th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics
CY 2008
CL Albuquerque, NM
DE bremsstrahlung; Compton effect; gold; plasma confinement; plasma
diagnostics; plasma interactions; plasma production by laser
ID NATIONAL IGNITION FACILITY
AB We present scaled demonstrations of backlighter sources, emitting bremsstrahlung x rays with photon energies above 75 keV, that we will use to record x-ray Compton radiographic snapshots of cold dense DT fuel in inertial confinement fusion implosions at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). In experiments performed at the Titan laser facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, we measured the source size and the bremsstrahlung spectrum as a function of laser intensity and pulse length from solid targets irradiated at 2x10(17)-5x10(18) W/cm(2) using 2-40 ps pulses. Using Au planar foils we achieved source sizes down to 5.5 mu m and conversion efficiencies of about 1x10(-13) J/J into x-ray photons with energies in the 75-100 keV spectral range. We can now use these results to design NIF backlighter targets and shielding and to predict Compton radiography performance as a function of the NIF implosion yield and associated background.
C1 [Tommasini, R.; MacPhee, A.; Hey, D.; Ma, T.; Chen, C.; Izumi, N.; Unites, W.; MacKinnon, A.; Hatchett, S. P.; Remington, B. A.; Park, H. S.; Springer, P.; Koch, J. A.; Landen, O. L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Tommasini, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Seely, John; Holland, Glenn] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Hudson, Larry] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Tommasini, R (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM tommasini@llnl.gov
RI Tommasini, Riccardo/A-8214-2009; Ma, Tammy/F-3133-2013; MacKinnon,
Andrew/P-7239-2014; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016
OI Tommasini, Riccardo/0000-0002-1070-3565; Ma, Tammy/0000-0002-6657-9604;
MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; IZUMI,
Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X
NR 9
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 10
AR 10E901
DI 10.1063/1.2953593
PG 4
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 367ST
UT WOS:000260573500159
PM 19044556
ER
PT J
AU Kanyogoro, E
Peckerar, M
Hughes, H
Liu, M
AF Kanyogoro, Esau
Peckerar, Martin
Hughes, Harold
Liu, Mike
TI Band gap engineered resistor for mitigating linear energy transfer
sensitivities in scaled submiron CMOS technology SRAM cells
SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium
CY DEC 12-14, 2007
CL College Pk, MD
DE SEU; LET; TCR; DX centers
AB Use of cross-coupling latch resistors is a prime method of mitigating single event upsets (SEU). Scaling has dramatically reduced ability of using this technique because of the large area needed as well as high temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of lightly doped polysilicon resistors. We present results of a study of the electrical properties of Al(1-x),In(x)N films resistor which offers distinct advantage over polysilicon resistors. The films were grown on silicon nitride by magnetron sputter deposition at room temperature. Sheet resistance in the range of 8-10 k Omega/square was reproducibly grown. The resistor film is thermally stable with TCR of less than minus 0.09%/degrees C for temperature range of minus 55 degrees C to +125 degrees C. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Kanyogoro, Esau; Peckerar, Martin] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Kanyogoro, Esau; Hughes, Harold] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Liu, Mike] Honeywell Aerosp, Plymouth, MN USA.
RP Kanyogoro, E (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM kanyogor@mail.umd.edu
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-1101
J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON
JI Solid-State Electron.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 52
IS 10
BP 1555
EP 1562
DI 10.1016/j.sse.2008.06.005
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics,
Condensed Matter
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 370IM
UT WOS:000260755900015
ER
PT J
AU McAninch, CB
Chauhan, SP
Magann, EF
Chauhan, VB
Brown, JA
Morrison, JC
AF McAninch, Cecile B.
Chauhan, Suneet P.
Magann, Everett F.
Chauhan, Vidya B.
Brown, Jacob A.
Morrison, John C.
TI Psychologic Effects of Poor Outcome and Professional Liability Actions
on Physicians
SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE gynecologists; obstetricians; professional liability; psychologic stress
ID GYNECOLOGISTS MEMBERS; CENTRAL ASSOCIATION; OBSTETRICIANS; LITIGATION;
REALITY; CLAIMS; MYTH
AB Objectives: Little is known about the psychologic effects on obstetricians and gynecologists of adverse maternal or fetal outcome and malpractice claims.
Methods: An anonymous survey regarding the psychologic effects of professional liability claims, as measured by 19 items which were used to create four composites rated on a 5-point scale, was mailed to the members of the Central Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.
Results: Among respondents, 78% had at least one malpractice claim, and 9% experienced a patient death, 12% a fetal demise, and 21% neonatal neurologic damage. In general, professional liability claims had significant effects on psychologic trauma (P < 0.001), shame/doubt (P < 0.005), and active coping (P < 0.05), but not on job stress, whereas patient death, but not fetal death or neonatal neurologic injury, had significant effects on all 4 composite variables.
Conclusion: Physicians experience psychologic trauma influenced by patient death and professional liability actions.
C1 Wofford Coll, Spartanburg, SC USA.
USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA.
Univ Mississippi, Jackson, MS 39216 USA.
Aurora Hlth Care, W Allis, WI USA.
RP Morrison, JC (reprint author), 2500 N State St, Jackson, MS 39216 USA.
EM jmorrison@ob-gyn.umsmed.edu
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0038-4348
J9 SOUTH MED J
JI South.Med.J.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 101
IS 10
BP 1032
EP 1034
PG 3
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 363LF
UT WOS:000260268100016
PM 18791536
ER
PT J
AU Claassen, JH
Thieme, CLH
AF Claassen, J. H.
Thieme, C. L. H.
TI Magnetic properties of Ni-based substrates for HTS tape
SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID YBCO-COATED CONDUCTORS; TRANSPORT AC LOSSES
AB Ni-W alloys are used as the substrate in the manufacture of HTS tape via the RABiTS (TM) process. Theoretical work has shown that the ferromagnetism in a substrate can affect the ac losses in the superconductor. This occurs in part because of the increased magnetic permeability, which alters the magnetic induction in the superconductor and thereby the loss. Magnetic hysteretic loss in the substrate is an additional contribution to overall ac loss. We report measurements of both permeability and magnetic loss as a function of frequency and magnetic induction for the standard alloy Ni-5W as well as composite substrates incorporating non-magnetic Ni-W alloys. The measurements are done using ac susceptibility at 77 K, at frequencies up to 10(4) Hz and inductions in the range 1-150 mT. It is shown how to use these results to predict total ac loss in isolated superconducting tape and wound coils. Some important magnetic parameters cannot be obtained with sufficient accuracy using a SQUID or vibrating sample magnetometer, since the size of a sample is limited in these measurements. This makes the demagnetizing factor large enough to degrade the accuracy of a permeability measurement.
C1 [Claassen, J. H.] USN, Res Lab, Code 6362, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Thieme, C. L. H.] Amer Superconductor, Devens, MA 01434 USA.
RP Claassen, JH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6362, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
FU Office of Naval Research
FX The authors wish to acknowledge useful suggestions from A Malozemoff and
M A Willard. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research.
NR 15
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 2
U2 16
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-2048
J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH
JI Supercond. Sci. Technol.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 21
IS 10
AR 105003
DI 10.1088/0953-2048/21/10/105003
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 355HH
UT WOS:000259699500004
ER
PT J
AU Krener, AJ
AF Krener, Arthur J.
TI Eulerian and Lagrangian observability of point vortex flows
SO TELLUS SERIES A-DYNAMIC METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
AB We study the observability of one and two-point vortex flow from one or two Eulerian or Lagrangian observations. By observability, we mean the ability to determine the locations and strengths of the vortices from the time history of the observations. An Eulerian observation is a measurement of the velocity of the flow at a fixed point in the domain of the flow. A Lagrangian observation is the measurement of the position of a particle moving with the fluid. To determine observability, we introduce the observability and the strong observability rank conditions and compute them for the various vortex configurations and observations in this idealized setting. We find that vortex flows with Lagrangian observations tend to be more observable then the same flows with Eulerian observations. We also simulate extended Kalman filters for the various vortex configurations and observations and find that they perform poorly when the ORC or the strong observability rank condition fails to hold.
C1 USN, Dept Appl Math, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Krener, AJ (reprint author), USN, Dept Appl Math, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM ajkrener@nps.edu
FU NSF [DMS-0505677]
FX This work was created using the Tellus LATEX2 epsilon class
file. Research supported in part by NSF DMS-0505677. The author would
like to thank the referees for their thoughtful reviews.
NR 9
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0280-6495
J9 TELLUS A
JI Tellus Ser. A-Dyn. Meteorol. Oceanol.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 60
IS 5
BP 1089
EP 1102
DI 10.1111/j.1600-0870.2008.00347.x
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 352VX
UT WOS:000259526600022
ER
PT J
AU Ma, W
Tavakoli, T
Chen, S
Maric, D
Liu, JL
O'Shaughnessy, TJ
Barker, JL
AF Ma, Wu
Tavakoli, Tahereh
Chen, Silvia
Maric, Dragan
Liu, Jinny L.
O'Shaughnessy, Thomas J.
Barker, Jeffery L.
TI Reconstruction of Functional Cortical-like Tissues from Neural Stem and
Progenitor Cells
SO TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A
LA English
DT Article
ID 3-DIMENSIONAL COLLAGEN GELS; PRECURSOR CELLS; DIFFERENTIATION; RAT;
GROWTH; PROLIFERATION; MICROGRAVITY; BIOREACTOR; NEURONS; CULTURE
AB Neural stem and progenitor cells isolated from embryonic day 13 rat cerebral cortex were immobilized in three-dimensional type I collagen gels, and then the cell-collagen constructs were transferred to rotary wall vessel bioreactors and cultured in serum-free medium containing basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) combined with brain-derived neurotrophic factor for up to 10 weeks. Remarkably, the collagen-entrapped cells formed a complex two-layered structure that emulated to a certain extent the cerebral cortex of the embryonic brain in architecture and functionality. The surface layer (layer I) composed primarily of proliferating neural progenitor cells (nestin(+), vimentin(+), and PCNA(+)) predominantly expressed functional neurotransmitter receptors for cholinergic and purinergic agonists while differentiating cells (TuJ1(+) and GFAP(+)) in the deeper layer (layer II) contained differentiated neurons and astrocytes and mainly responded to GABAergic and glutamatergic agonists and to veratridine, which activates voltage-dependent Na(+) channels. An active synaptic vesicle recycling was demonstrated by neuronal networks in the deeper layer using the endocytotic marker FM1-43. Cell polarization forming the characteristic two-layered structure was found to associate with the bFGF and FGF receptor signaling. These engineered functional tissue constructs have a potential use as tissue surrogates for drug screening and detection of environmental toxins, and in neural cell replacement therapy.
C1 [Ma, Wu; Tavakoli, Tahereh] Amer Type Culture Collect, Stem Cell Ctr, Manassas, VA 20110 USA.
[Ma, Wu; Liu, Jinny L.; O'Shaughnessy, Thomas J.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Chen, Silvia] NICHHD, NIH, NASA, Ctr Tissue Culture 3D, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Maric, Dragan; Barker, Jeffery L.] Natl Inst Neurol Disorders & Stroke, NIH, Neurophysiol Lab, Bethesda, MD USA.
RP Ma, W (reprint author), Amer Type Culture Collect, Stem Cell Ctr, 10801 Univ Blvd, Manassas, VA 20110 USA.
EM wma@atcc.org
FU NASA [NRA 00-HEDS-03-136]
FX This work was supported in part by NASA grant NRA 00-HEDS-03-136 to W.
Ma. The opinions and assertions contained herein are the private ones of
the authors and are not to be construed as official or reflecting the
views of the Department of the Navy.
NR 33
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 6
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1937-3341
J9 TISSUE ENG PT A
JI Tissue Eng. Part A
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 14
IS 10
BP 1673
EP 1686
DI 10.1089/ten.tea.2007.0357
PG 14
WC Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell
Biology
SC Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 359OS
UT WOS:000259998000009
PM 18601590
ER
PT J
AU Drazen, DA
Melville, WK
Lenain, L
AF Drazen, David A.
Melville, W. Kendall
Lenain, Luc
TI Inertial scaling of dissipation in unsteady breaking waves
SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
ID OCEANIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; DEEP-WATER; ENERGY-DISSIPATION; SURFACE;
TURBULENCE; BREAKERS; HYDROFOIL; STRENGTH; ONSET; RANGE
AB Wave dissipation by breaking, or the energy transfer from the surface wave field to currents and turbulence, is one of the least understood components of air-sea interaction. It is important for a better understanding of the Coupling between the surface wave field and the upper layers of the ocean and for improved surface-wave prediction schemes. Simple scaling arguments show that the wave dissipation per 5 unit length of breaking crest, cl, should be proportional to rho(w)gc(5), where rho(w) is the density of water, g is the acceleration due to gravity and c is the phase speed of the breaking wave. The proportionality factor, or 'breaking parameter' b, has been poorly constrained by experiments and field measurements, although our earlier work has Suggested that it should be dependent oil measures of the wave slope and spectral bandwidth. In this paper we describe inertial scaling arguments for the energy lost by plunging breakers which predict that the breaking parameter b=beta(hk)(5/2), where hk is a local breaking slope parameter, and P is a parameter of 0(1). This prediction is tested with laboratory measurements of breaking Clue to dispersive focusing of wave packets in a wave channel. Good agreement is Found within the scatter of the data. We also find that if an integral linear measure of the maximum Slope Of the wave packet, S, is used instead of hk, then b proportional to S-2.77 gives better agreement with the data. During the final preparation of this paper we became aware of similar experiments by Banner & Peirson (2007) concentrating oil the threshold for breaking at lower wave slopes, using a measure of the rate of focusing of wave energy to correlate measurements of b. We discuss the significance of these results in the context of recent measurements and modelling of surface wave processes.
C1 [Drazen, David A.; Melville, W. Kendall; Lenain, Luc] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
RP Drazen, DA (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, 9500 MacArthur Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
FU NSF [CTS-0215638, OCE-0242083]
FX We thank Our colleagues Charley Coughran and David Aglietti at the
Hydraulics Laboratory, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, for their
assistance in the experiments. We thank Professor Hwung and Dr K. S.
Hwang and the students and staff at the Tainan Hydraulics Laboratory For
the opportunity and help in conducting experiments in their large wave
channel. The inertial scaling argument for the argument the breaking,
parameter was first presented by W. K. M. at the annual WISE waves
meeting at the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting,
Reading, England, in June 2004, with the results of the experiments
presented at WISE 2007, in Lorne. Australia. D. A. D. completed the
writing of this paper while lie was a postdoctoral researcher in the
Department of Mathematics at the University of Oslo, Norway. This work
was Supported by NSF grants CTS-0215638 and OCE-0242083 to W. K. M.
NR 34
TC 51
Z9 53
U1 4
U2 17
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0022-1120
EI 1469-7645
J9 J FLUID MECH
JI J. Fluid Mech.
PD SEP 25
PY 2008
VL 611
BP 307
EP 332
DI 10.1017/S0022112008002826
PG 26
WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Mechanics; Physics
GA 355BE
UT WOS:000259682800015
ER
PT J
AU Gunlycke, D
White, CT
AF Gunlycke, D.
White, C. T.
TI Graphene interferometer
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID NANOSTRIPS; TRANSPORT; EDGE
AB Ballistic transport calculations, which are treated exactly within the nearest-neighbor tight-binding theory, on graphene strips connected to a pair of contacts are presented. In strips with high width-to-length ratio, the calculations reveal the presence of groups of resonances from a large number of nonequivalent conductance channels. While the energies of the collective resonances are, to first order, uniformly spaced and only depend on the contact separation, their contrast also depends on the strip width and contact interfaces. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Gunlycke, D.; White, C. T.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Gunlycke, D (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM daniel.gunlycke@nrl.navy.mil
FU Naval Research Laboratory; Office of Naval Research
FX D. G. acknowledges support from the Naval Research Laboratory through
the National Academies Research Associateship Programs. This work was
also supported by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval
Research Laboratory.
NR 10
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD SEP 22
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 12
AR 122106
DI 10.1063/1.2988825
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 356SY
UT WOS:000259799100037
ER
PT J
AU Wan, AS
Long, JP
Kushto, G
Makinen, AJ
AF Wan, Alan S.
Long, James P.
Kushto, Gary
Maekinen, Antti J.
TI The interfacial chemistry and energy level structure of a liquid
crystalline perylene derivative on Au(111) and graphite surfaces
SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID LANGMUIR-BLODGETT-FILMS; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; GROWTH; PHOTOEMISSION;
SPECTROSCOPY; DIIMIDES; DENSITY; AG(110); PTCDI; STM
AB We compare the energy level structure of ordered monolayers of N,N'-ditridecyl-3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI-C13) on Au(1 1 1) and highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). Both ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy and scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements show the formation of an occupied interface state for PTCDI-C13 on Au(1 1 1), whereas no such state is observed for PTCDI-C13 on HOPG. Comparative density functional theory calculations for various isolated perylene derivatives in the neutral and anionic states are unable to explain differences in observed interface state formation, which suggests that the interface state for PTCDI-C13/Au(1 1 1) is a consequence of a weak chemical interaction of this molecule and the Au substrate. Published by Elsevier B. V.
C1 [Wan, Alan S.; Long, James P.; Kushto, Gary; Maekinen, Antti J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Makinen, AJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM Antti.Makinen@nrl.navy.mil
FU National Research Council
FX The authors thank Dr. Mason Wolak and Dr. Paul Lane for helpful
discussions. Dr. Wan thanks the National Research Council for their
support of the postdoctoral fellowship program.
NR 37
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 4
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2614
J9 CHEM PHYS LETT
JI Chem. Phys. Lett.
PD SEP 22
PY 2008
VL 463
IS 1-3
BP 72
EP 77
DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2008.08.005
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 347OH
UT WOS:000259150400013
ER
PT J
AU Thompson, MA
Dunlap, BI
AF Thompson, Matthew A.
Dunlap, Brett I.
TI Optimization of analytic density functionals by parallel genetic
algorithm
SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMOCHEMICAL KINETICS; NONBONDED INTERACTIONS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE;
INTERACTION ENERGIES; BENCHMARK DATABASE; MOLECULAR-ENERGIES; NOBEL
LECTURE; BASIS-SETS; POLY-YNES; COMPUTATION
AB We report the construction and implementation of a parallel genetic algorithm (PGA) for use in optimization of analytic density-functional theory. Our new algorithm demonstrates comparable performance to our previous simplex optimizer when benchmarked against the extended G2 set, and the considerable scatter between different optimizations shows that robust methods are required. This new PGA will allow us to further expand our parameter space while efficiently utilizing cluster and supercomputing resources as the problems grow larger. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Thompson, Matthew A.; Dunlap, Brett I.] USN, Res Lab, Theoret Chem Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Thompson, MA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Theoret Chem Sect, Code 6189, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM matthew.thompson.ctr@nrl.navy.mil
RI Thompson, Matthew/B-4682-2008;
OI Thompson, Matthew/0000-0001-6222-6863; Dunlap, Brett/0000-0003-1356-6559
NR 49
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2614
EI 1873-4448
J9 CHEM PHYS LETT
JI Chem. Phys. Lett.
PD SEP 22
PY 2008
VL 463
IS 1-3
BP 278
EP 282
DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2008.08.075
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 347OH
UT WOS:000259150400054
ER
PT J
AU Doppmann, GW
Najita, JR
Carr, JS
AF Doppmann, Greg W.
Najita, Joan R.
Carr, John S.
TI Stellar and circumstellar properties of the pre-main-sequence binary GV
Tau from infrared spectroscopy
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE circumstellar matter; infrared : stars; stars : formation; stars :
fundamental parameters; stars : individual (GV Tau); stars : late-type;
stars : low-mass, brown dwarfs; stars : pre-main-sequence; techniques :
radial velocities; techniques : spectroscopic
ID INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; CLASS-I; PROTOSTELLAR DISKS; STAR-FORMATION; HARO
6-10; EMISSION; SPECTRA; CO; PROTOSTARS; ACCRETION
AB We report spatially resolved spectroscopy of both components of the low-mass pre-main-sequence binary GV Tau. High-resolution spectroscopy in the K and L bands is used to characterize the stellar properties of the binary and to explore the nature of the circumstellar environment. We find that the southern component, GV Tau S, is a radial velocity variable, possibly as a result of an unseen low-mass companion. The strong warm gaseous HCN absorption reported previously by Gibb and coworkers toward GV Tau S was not present during the epoch of our observations. Instead, we detect warm (similar to 500 K) molecular absorption with similar properties toward the northern infrared companion, GV Tau N. At the epoch of our observations, the absorbing gas toward GV Tau N was approximately at the radial velocity of the GV Tau molecular envelope, but it was redshifted with respect to the star by similar to 13 km s(-1). One interpretation of our results is that GV Tau N is also a binary and that most of the warm molecular absorption arises in a circumbinary disk viewed close to edge-on.
C1 [Doppmann, Greg W.; Najita, Joan R.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Carr, John S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Doppmann, GW (reprint author), Natl Opt Astron Observ, 950 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
EM gdoppmann@noao.edu; najita@noao.edu; carr@nrl.navy.mil
FU NASA; NASA Astrobiology Institute [CAN-02-OSS-02]; Life and Planets
Astrobiology Center (LAPLACE)
FX The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant
cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had
within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have
the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. We thank Al
Conrad and other Keck Observatory staff who provided support and
assistance during our NIRSPEC run. We thank Sean Brittain for sharing
results from Gibb et al. (2007) in advance of publication. We thank
Elise Furlan for information on the silicate and CO2 ice
optical depths of Taurus Class I sources in advance of publication.
Nathan Crockett contributed helpful advice on data-reduction strategies.
Financial support for this work was provided by the NASA Origins of
Solar Systems program and the NASA Astrobiology Institute under
Cooperative Agreement CAN-02-OSS-02 issued through the Office of Space
Science. This work was also supported by the Life and Planets
Astrobiology Center (LAPLACE).
NR 42
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD SEP 20
PY 2008
VL 685
IS 1
BP 298
EP 312
DI 10.1086/590328
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 349WO
UT WOS:000259314200025
ER
PT J
AU Nigro, G
Malara, F
Veltri, P
AF Nigro, G.
Malara, F.
Veltri, P.
TI Resonant behavior and fluctuating energy storage in coronal loops
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE plasmas; Sun : activity; Sun : corona
ID MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC TURBULENCE; ALFVEN WAVES; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; SHELL
MODELS; SMALL SCALES; DISSIPATION; NANOFLARES; PLASMA; MECHANISMS;
MOTIONS
AB The energy balance at large scales in a coronal loop is investigated, using an analytical approach based on the reduced magnetohydrodynamic equations and a simplified model of the loop. The dynamics is regulated by two phenomena: the resonance excited by motions at the loop basis, which stores energy within the loop; and nonlinear couplings, which move energy toward smaller scales. The former phenomenon is studied using a linearized dissipative model; the properties of resonant modes are derived, and the input energy flux is found to be independent of dissipation. The spectral energy flux to small scales is calculated assuming local mode interactions and taking into account the space and time dependence of resonant modes. This flux is determined by interactions among fluctuations at the same order of resonance and the zero-frequency (DC) velocity fluctuation. The DC magnetic field fluctuations do not influence the spectral flux, although they dominate the large-scale fluctuations. An estimate for the velocity fluctuation in the loop is derived from the energy balance, finding an agreement with measures of nonthermal velocity in the solar corona. A peculiar form of the fluctuation spectrum is inferred, formed by an injection range at large scales, a preinertial range where magnetic energy dominates kinetic energy, an inertial range where the turbulence behaves as in an unbounded system, and a dissipative range. These analytical results are compared with those of a numerical model, finding a good agreement, and are discussed with respect to those of previous works.
C1 [Nigro, G.; Malara, F.; Veltri, P.] Univ Calabria, Dipartimento Fis, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy.
[Nigro, G.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Nigro, G (reprint author), Univ Calabria, Dipartimento Fis, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy.
RI Veltri, Pierluigi/J-1348-2014
OI Veltri, Pierluigi/0000-0002-7412-1660
FU Italian Space Agency (ASI) [ASI-INAF 1/015/97/0]
FX The authors thank the anonymous referee, whose comments have allowed
them to improve the discussion of the results. This work was partially
supported by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) through the contract
ASI-INAF 1/015/97/0 "Studi di Esplorazione del Sistema Solare.''
Numerical calculations have been performed in the framework of HPCC
(Center for High Performance Computing) of the University of Calabria
(Italy).
NR 44
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD SEP 20
PY 2008
VL 685
IS 1
BP 606
EP 621
DI 10.1086/590653
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 349WO
UT WOS:000259314200050
ER
PT J
AU Asai, A
Hara, H
Watanabe, T
Imada, S
Sakao, T
Narukage, N
Culhane, JL
Doschek, GA
AF Asai, Ayumi
Hara, Hirohisa
Watanabe, Tetsuya
Imada, Shinsuke
Sakao, Taro
Narukage, Noriyuki
Culhane, J. L.
Doschek, G. A.
TI Strongly blueshifted phenomena observed with Hinode EIS in the 2006
December 13 solar flare
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE sun : corona; sun : flares; sun : transition region; sun : UV radiation;
sun : X-rays, gamma rays
ID ULTRAVIOLET IMAGING SPECTROMETER; X-RAY OBSERVATIONS; IMPULSIVE PHASE;
CHROMOSPHERIC EVAPORATION; TRANSITION REGION; CORONAL EXPLORER; SOHO
MISSION; MORETON WAVE; B SATELLITE; A MISSION
AB We present a detailed examination of strongly blueshifted emission lines observed with the EUV Imaging Spectrometer on board the Hinode satellite. We found two kinds of blueshifted phenomenon associated with the X3.4 flare that occurred on 2006 December 13. One was related to a plasmoid ejection seen in soft X-rays. It was very bright in all the lines used for the observations. The other was associated with the faint arc-shaped ejection seen in soft X-rays. The soft X-ray ejection is thought to be a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) fast-mode shock wave. This is therefore the first spectroscopic observation of an MHD fast-mode shock wave associated with a flare.
C1 [Asai, Ayumi] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Nobeyama Solar Radio Observ, Minamimaki, Nagano 3841305, Japan.
[Asai, Ayumi; Hara, Hirohisa; Watanabe, Tetsuya; Imada, Shinsuke] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan.
[Asai, Ayumi; Hara, Hirohisa; Watanabe, Tetsuya] Grad Univ Adv Studies SOKENDAI, Kanagawa 2400193, Japan.
[Sakao, Taro; Narukage, Noriyuki] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan.
[Culhane, J. L.] UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England.
[Doschek, G. A.] USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Asai, A (reprint author), Natl Astron Observ Japan, Nobeyama Solar Radio Observ, Minamimaki, Nagano 3841305, Japan.
NR 54
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD SEP 20
PY 2008
VL 685
IS 1
BP 622
EP 628
DI 10.1086/590419
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 349WO
UT WOS:000259314200051
ER
PT J
AU Ivanov, LM
Collins, CA
Margolina, TM
Piterbarg, LI
Eremeev, VN
AF Ivanov, L. M.
Collins, C. A.
Margolina, T. M.
Piterbarg, L. I.
Eremeev, V. N.
TI On westward transport processes off central California revealed by RAFOS
floats
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID EDDY KINETIC-ENERGY; CURRENT SYSTEM; VARIABILITY; TURBULENCE
AB Westward transport processes off central California are quantified by exit time statistics for RAFOS floats launched at mid-depths (275-375 m). The random displacement model in the diffusion limit was used to interpret results. The alongshore-averaged westward motion of floats represented inhomogeneous eddy diffusion interspersed with short-duration advective motions. The across-shore diffusion coefficient grew as a power law with distance from the coastline (the power exponent was close to one). This is evidence for offshore growth of eddy kinetic energy and may be explained through flow barotropization accompanied by a quasi-geostrophic turbulent regime. Typical values of the float drift velocity were about 1.8-2 cm/s but, offshore, drift velocities were as high as 4-6 cm/s during the upwelling season. Between 150 and 250 km from shore, a transition zone between nearshore and offshore was clearly identified in spring but was either very narrow or undetectable in other seasons.
C1 [Ivanov, L. M.; Piterbarg, L. I.] Univ So Calif, Dept Oceanog, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Ivanov, L. M.] Moss Landing Marine Labs, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
[Ivanov, L. M.; Margolina, T. M.; Eremeev, V. N.] Inst Marine Hydrophys, UA-99011 Sevastopol, Ukraine.
[Collins, C. A.; Margolina, T. M.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
RP Ivanov, LM (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Oceanog, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
EM lmivanov@nps.edu
FU NSF [CMG-0530748, CMG-0530893]
FX This study was supported by NSF grants CMG-0530748 and CMG-0530893. T.
Margolina is a National Research Council Research Associate at the NPS.
We thank two anonymous reviewers for constructive comments which
improved the clarity of this paper.
NR 20
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD SEP 18
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 18
AR L18604
DI 10.1029/2008GL034689
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 351AF
UT WOS:000259395600001
ER
PT J
AU Hansell, RA
Liou, KN
Ou, SC
Tsay, SC
Ji, Q
Reid, JS
AF Hansell, R. A.
Liou, K. N.
Ou, S. C.
Tsay, S. C.
Ji, Q.
Reid, J. S.
TI Remote sensing of mineral dust aerosol using AERI during the UAE(2): A
modeling and sensitivity study
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID EMITTED RADIANCE INTERFEROMETER; WATER-VAPOR; RADIATIVE PROPERTIES;
SPECTRAL REGION; OPTICAL DEPTH; SCATTERING; CLOUD; PARTICLES; DATABASE;
ALGORITHMS
AB Numerical simulations and sensitivity studies have been performed to assess the potential for using brightness temperature spectra from a ground-based Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI) during the United Arab Emirates Unified Aerosol Experiment (UAE(2)) for detecting/retrieving mineral dust aerosol. A methodology for separating dust from clouds and retrieving the dust IR optical depths was developed by exploiting differences between their spectral absorptive powers in prescribed thermal IR window subbands. Dust microphysical models were constructed using in situ data from the UAE 2 and prior field studies while composition was modeled using refractive index data sets for minerals commonly observed around the UAE region including quartz, kaolinite, and calcium carbonate. The T-matrix, finite difference time domain (FDTD), and Lorenz-Mie light scattering programs were employed to calculate the single scattering properties for three dust shapes: oblate spheroids, hexagonal plates, and spheres. We used the Code for High-resolution Accelerated Radiative Transfer with Scattering (CHARTS) radiative transfer program to investigate sensitivity of the modeled AERI spectra to key dust and atmospheric parameters. Sensitivity studies show that characterization of the thermodynamic boundary layer is crucial for accurate AERI dust detection/retrieval. Furthermore, AERI sensitivity to dust optical depth is manifested in the strong subband slope dependence of the window region. Two daytime UAE 2 cases were examined to demonstrate the present detection/retrieval technique, and we show that the results compare reasonably well to collocated AERONET Sun photometer/MPLNET micropulse lidar measurements. Finally, sensitivity of the developed methodology to the AERI's estimated MgCdTe detector nonlinearity was evaluated.
C1 [Hansell, R. A.; Ji, Q.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Hansell, R. A.; Liou, K. N.; Ou, S. C.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Reid, J. S.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Tsay, S. C.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Hansell, RA (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM richard.a.hansell@nasa.gov
RI Reid, Jeffrey/B-7633-2014; Tsay, Si-Chee/J-1147-2014; Hansell,
Richard/J-2065-2014
OI Reid, Jeffrey/0000-0002-5147-7955;
FU NASA Earth Observing System and Radiation Sciences Program; NASA
[NNC5-712, NNG04GG91G]; DOE [DOE-FG03-00ER62]
FX We are grateful to the Department of Water Resources, Office of the
President (DWRS-United Arab Emirates), and Stuart Piketh (University of
the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa) for their logistical
support and making this field study possible. We thank B. Kahn and A.
Eldering at JPL/Caltech for making the CHARTS program available through
AER. We also thank C. Zender (UCI) and T. Roush (NASA AMES) for making
the mineral data sets available. The NASA Micropulse Lidar Network was
funded by the NASA Earth Observing System and Radiation Sciences
Program, and the AERONET site is maintained by B. Holben. We also thank
J. Campbell for providing the SMART MPL data and W. Feltz for making
available the AERIPLUS retrieval algorithm. Last, we are grateful to the
reviewers of this manuscript for their helpful and insightful comments.
J. S. Reid's participation was provided by the Office of Naval Research
Code 322. This research was supported by NASA grants NNC5-712 and
NNG04GG91G and DOE grant DOE-FG03-00ER62.
NR 50
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD SEP 17
PY 2008
VL 113
IS D18
AR D18202
DI 10.1029/2008JD010246
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 351AK
UT WOS:000259396200006
ER
PT J
AU Lawenda, BD
Blumberg, JB
AF Lawenda, Brian D.
Blumberg, Jeffrey B.
TI Re: Should supplemental antioxidant administration be avoided during
chemotherapy and radiation therapy? Response
SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
LA English
DT Letter
ID NECK-CANCER PATIENTS; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; LUNG-CANCER; VITAMINS; HEAD
C1 [Lawenda, Brian D.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Lawenda, Brian D.] Indiana Univ, Dept Radiat Oncol, Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN 46204 USA.
[Lawenda, Brian D.] USN, Div Radiat Oncol, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[Lawenda, Brian D.] USN, Breast Hlth Ctr, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[Blumberg, Jeffrey B.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
[Blumberg, Jeffrey B.] Tufts Univ, Antioxidants Res Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
RP Lawenda, BD (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Radiat Oncol & Breast Hlth Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
EM brian.lawenda@med.navy.mil
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0027-8874
J9 J NATL CANCER I
JI J. Natl. Cancer Inst.
PD SEP 17
PY 2008
VL 100
IS 18
DI 10.1093/jnci/djn280
PG 2
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA 350BR
UT WOS:000259328000018
ER
PT J
AU Lean, JL
Rind, DH
AF Lean, Judith L.
Rind, David H.
TI How natural and anthropogenic influences alter global and regional
surface temperatures: 1889 to 2006
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE; IRRADIANCE
AB To distinguish between simultaneous natural and anthropogenic impacts on surface temperature, regionally as well as globally, we perform a robust multivariate analysis using the best available estimates of each together with the observed surface temperature record from 1889 to 2006. The results enable us to compare, for the first time from observations, the geographical distributions of responses to individual influences consistent with their global impacts. We find a response to solar forcing quite different from that reported in several papers published recently in this journal, and zonally averaged responses to both natural and anthropogenic forcings that differ distinctly from those indicated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, whose conclusions depended on model simulations. Anthropogenic warming estimated directly from the historical observations is more pronounced between 45 degrees S and 50 degrees N than at higher latitudes whereas the model-simulated trends have minimum values in the tropics and increase steadily from 30 to 70 degrees N.
C1 [Lean, Judith L.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Rind, David H.] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
RP Lean, JL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM judith.lean@nrl.navy.mil
OI Lean, Judith/0000-0002-0087-9639
FU NASA LWS; SORCE
FX NASA LWS and SORCE funded this work. Data were obtained from
http://www.cru.uea.ac.uk/,
http://www.cdc.noaa.gov/ENSO/enso.mei_index.html and
http://www.giss.nasa.gov/. Appreciated are efforts of the many
scientists who maintain the various datasets and make them readily
available.
NR 16
TC 155
Z9 165
U1 1
U2 32
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD SEP 16
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 18
AR L18701
DI 10.1029/2008GL034864
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 351AD
UT WOS:000259395400001
ER
PT J
AU Sapsford, KE
Park, D
Goldman, ER
Foos, EE
Trammell, SA
Lowy, DA
Ancona, MG
AF Sapsford, K. E.
Park, D.
Goldman, E. R.
Foos, E. E.
Trammell, S. A.
Lowy, D. A.
Ancona, M. G.
TI Selective DNA-mediated assembly of gold nanoparticles on electroded
substrates
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE; HYBRIDIZATION
AB Motivated by the technological possibilities of electronics and sensors based on gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), we investigate the selective assembly of such NPs on electrodes via DNA hybridization. Protocols are demonstrated for maximizing selectivity and coverage using 15mers as the active binding agents. Detailed studies of the dependences on time, ionic strength, and temperature are used to understand the underlying mechanisms and their limits. Under optimized conditions, coverage of Art NPs on Art electrodes patterned on silicon dioxide (SiO2) substrates was found to be similar to 25-35%. In all cases, Au NPs functionalized with non-complementaryDNA show no attachment and essentially no nonspecific adsorption is observed by any Au NPs on the SiO2 surfaces of the patterned substrates. DNA-guided assembly of multilayers of NPs was also demonstrated and, as expected, found to further increase the coverage, with three deposition cycles resulting in a surface coverage of approximately 60%.
C1 [Park, D.; Ancona, M. G.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Sapsford, K. E.] George Mason Univ, Manassas, VA 20110 USA.
[Sapsford, K. E.; Goldman, E. R.; Trammell, S. A.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Foos, E. E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Lowy, D. A.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA.
RP Ancona, MG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM ancona@estd.nrl.navy.mil
OI Lowy, Daniel/0000-0003-2210-6757
FU Office of Naval Research
FX The authors thank Drs. A. W. Snow and J. Rife for helpful discussions
and the Office of Naval Research for funding support.
NR 18
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD SEP 16
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 18
BP 10245
EP 10252
DI 10.1021/la800640u
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 347DJ
UT WOS:000259120500050
PM 18702477
ER
PT J
AU Huang, L
Massa, L
Karle, J
AF Huang, Lulu
Massa, Lou
Karle, Jerome
TI Calculated interactions of a nitro group with aromatic rings of
crystalline picryl bromide
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Hartree Fock; Moller Plesset perturbation theory; quantum mechanics
ID MOLECULAR-ORBITAL METHODS; GAUSSIAN-TYPE BASIS; 3RD-ROW ATOMS;
ORGANIC-MOLECULES; MP2 ENERGY; BASIS-SETS; EXTENSION; GRADIENT; STORAGE
AB Several crystalline polymorphs have been discovered for picryl bromide. Among the several forces that control the formation of such polymorphs are the interactions among the nitro groups and phenyl rings of those crystals. Although there are >300 structures to be found in the Cambridge Structural Database displaying the nitro-phenyl interaction, nonetheless this interesting, and apparently important, interaction, seems not to have been discussed within any of the papers reporting the structures. In this article, quantum calculations are reported that assess the strength of these nitro-phenyl interactions within a crystal of picryl bromide. The rather flat molecules of picryl bromide are arranged in layered planes within the crystal, and we examine the attractive interactions that occur within a given plane, and between adjacent planes. Calculations of Hartree Fock and Moller Plesset perturbation theory carried to a second-order expansion are used. Both quantum mechanical approximations are implemented with 6-31G* basis functions.
C1 [Huang, Lulu; Karle, Jerome] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Massa, Lou] CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10021 USA.
[Massa, Lou] CUNY, Grad Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA.
RP Karle, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jerome.karle@nrl.navy.mil
FU National Institute of General Medical Sciences [SCORES S06GM606654];
National Institutes of Health [RR-03037]; National Center For Research
Resources; National Science Foundation; Centers of Research Excellence
in Science and Technology (CREST)
FX We thank Professor Ray Butcher of Howard University (Washington, D.C.)
for bringing the topic of this article to our attention. L.M. thanks the
U. S. Navy Summer Faculty Research Program administered by the American
Society of Engineering Education for the opportunity to spend summers at
the Naval Research Laboratory. The research reported in this article was
supported by the Office of Naval Research. L.M. was supported by Grant
SCORES S06GM606654 from the National Institute of General Medical
Sciences (Minority Biomedical Research Support), National Institutes of
Health Grant RR-03037, the National Center For Research Resources, the
National Science Foundation, and Centers of Research Excellence in
Science and Technology (CREST).
NR 21
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 4
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD SEP 16
PY 2008
VL 105
IS 37
BP 13720
EP 13723
DI 10.1073/pnas.0807218105
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 351QG
UT WOS:000259438500010
PM 18780785
ER
PT J
AU Tamanaha, CR
Mulvaney, SP
Rife, JC
Whitman, LJ
AF Tamanaha, C. R.
Mulvaney, S. P.
Rife, J. C.
Whitman, L. J.
TI Magnetic labeling, detection, and system integration
SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Review
DE biosensor; magnetic bead; magnetic detection; biomolecular labeling
ID SPIN-VALVE SENSORS; QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE; ANISOTROPIC
MAGNETORESISTANCE; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS;
SENSITIVE DIAGNOSTICS; TELOMERASE ACTIVITY; BIOSENSORS; NANOPARTICLES;
IMMUNOASSAY
AB Among the plethora of affinity biosensor systems based on biomolecular recognition and labeling assays, magnetic labeling and detection is emerging as a promising new approach. Magnetic labels can be non-invasively detected by a wide range of methods, are physically and chemically stable, relatively inexpensive to produce, and can be easily made biocompatible. Here we provide an overview of the various approaches developed for magnetic labeling and detection as applied to biosensing. We illustrate the challenges to integrating one such approach into a complete sensing system with a more detailed discussion of the compact Bead Array Sensor System developed at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, the first system to use magnetic labels and microchip-based detection. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tamanaha, C. R.; Mulvaney, S. P.; Rife, J. C.; Whitman, L. J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Tamanaha, CR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6177,4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM cy.tamanaha@nrl.navy.mil
RI Whitman, Lloyd/G-9320-2011
OI Whitman, Lloyd/0000-0002-3117-1174
FU Office of Naval Research and a Cooperative Research and Development
Agreement with Seahawk Biosystems, Inc. [NCRADA-NRL-04-341]
FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research and a
Cooperative Research and Development Agreement with Seahawk Biosystems,
Inc. (NCRADA-NRL-04-341). Author S.RM. is an employee of Nova Research
Inc., 1900 Elkins St. Suite 230, Alexandria VA 22308 USA.
NR 66
TC 105
Z9 106
U1 2
U2 59
PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
PI OXFORD
PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON,
OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0956-5663
J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON
JI Biosens. Bioelectron.
PD SEP 15
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 1
BP 1
EP 13
DI 10.1016/j.bios.2008.02.009
PG 13
WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical;
Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry;
Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 351LH
UT WOS:000259425300001
PM 18374556
ER
PT J
AU Fernsler, RF
Slinker, SP
Lambrakos, SG
AF Fernsler, R. F.
Slinker, S. P.
Lambrakos, S. G.
TI A numerical model and scaling relationship for energetic electron beams
propagating in air
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID BEER-LAMBERT LAW; CROSS-SECTIONS; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; ATOMIC OXYGEN;
ARGON PLASMA; DEPOSITION; SCATTERING; COLLISIONS; TRANSPORT; NITROGEN
AB Scaling relationships for energy loss and scattering are combined with a particle code to construct a purely algebraic expression for the energy deposited by an energetic electron beam injected into field-free homogeneous air. An algebraic formulation is possible because the mean free paths for the major collisional processes depend similarly on density and energy above 1 keV. Accordingly, the spatial behavior of an initially cold pencil beam is approximately self-similar when expressed in terms of the nominal beam range, provided the beam energy at injection exceeds several keV. Since a warm and broad beam can always be decomposed into a series of cold pencil beams, the total energy deposited can be obtained through a simple sum. With such a model, the ionization and excitation generated by a beam can be computed quickly and easily at every point in space. Similar formulations can be developed for other media using particle codes or experimental data. In liquids or solids, the energy deposited is quickly converted to heat and ultimately to melting and/or vaporization of the material. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2986657]
C1 [Fernsler, R. F.; Slinker, S. P.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Lambrakos, S. G.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Fernsler, RF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM richard.fernsler@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research
FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research.
NR 45
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD SEP 15
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 6
AR 063312
DI 10.1063/1.2986657
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 361HS
UT WOS:000260119300027
ER
PT J
AU Clair, KJS
Patel, S
AF Clair, K. J. St.
Patel, S.
TI Intital descriptive and analytical data on an outbreak of norovirus
infection at Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island, South Carolina
SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Clair, K. J. St.; Patel, S.] USN, Ctr Med, Portsmouth, VA 23709 USA.
RP Clair, KJS (reprint author), USN, Ctr Med, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23709 USA.
EM kristina.st.clair@med.navy.mil
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0022-1899
EI 1537-6613
J9 J INFECT DIS
JI J. Infect. Dis.
PD SEP 15
PY 2008
VL 198
IS 6
BP 941
EP 942
DI 10.1086/591139
PG 2
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 340RA
UT WOS:000258661500027
ER
PT J
AU Kruppa, W
Boos, JB
Bennett, BR
Papanicolaou, NA
AF Kruppa, W.
Boos, J. B.
Bennett, B. R.
Papanicolaou, N. A.
TI 1/f noise of Sb-based p-channel HFETs
SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB The 1/f noise of antimonide-based p-channel HFETs has been measured for the first time. The devices are fabricated with an InAlSb/AlGaSb barrier and a strained In0.41Ga0.59Sb quantum-well channel, yielding a channel hole mobility of 1020 cm(2)/V s and a sheet density of 1.6 x 10(12) cm(-2). The low-frequency noise spectrum in the linear region has a pure 1/f slope with no generation-recombination component. The Hooge parameter, a H, varies between 3 x 10(-4) and 9 x 10(-3) depending on the gate bias.
C1 [Kruppa, W.; Boos, J. B.; Bennett, B. R.; Papanicolaou, N. A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Kruppa, W (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM kruppa@estd.nrl.navy.mil
RI Bennett, Brian/A-8850-2008
OI Bennett, Brian/0000-0002-2437-4213
FU Office of Naval Research
FX This work was partially supported by the Office of Naval Research.
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET
PI HERTFORD
PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND
SN 0013-5194
J9 ELECTRON LETT
JI Electron. Lett.
PD SEP 11
PY 2008
VL 44
IS 19
BP 1155
EP 1156
DI 10.1049/el:20082135
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 347QB
UT WOS:000259155000035
ER
PT J
AU Duan, D
Sigano, DM
Kelley, JA
Lai, CC
Lewin, NE
Kedei, N
Peach, ML
Lee, J
Abeyweera, TP
Rotenberg, SA
Kim, H
Kim, YH
El Kazzouli, S
Chung, JU
Young, HA
Young, MR
Baker, A
Colburn, NH
Haimovitz-Friedman, A
Truman, JP
Parrish, DA
Deschamps, JR
Perry, NA
Surawski, RJ
Blumberg, PM
Marquez, VE
AF Duan, Dehui
Sigano, Dina M.
Kelley, James A.
Lai, Christopher C.
Lewin, Nancy E.
Kedei, Noemi
Peach, Megan L.
Lee, Jeewoo
Abeyweera, Thushara P.
Rotenberg, Susan A.
Kim, Hee
Kim, Young Ho
El Kazzouli, Said
Chung, Jae-Uk
Young, Howard A.
Young, Matthew R.
Baker, Alyson
Colburn, Nancy H.
Haimovitz-Friedman, Adriana
Truman, Jean-Philip
Parrish, Damon A.
Deschamps, Jeffrey R.
Perry, Nicholas A.
Surawski, Robert J.
Blumberg, Peter M.
Marquez, Victor E.
TI Conformationally constrained analogues of diacylglycerol. 29. Cells sort
diacylglycerol-lactone chemical zip codes to produce diverse and
selective biological activities
SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID PROTEIN-KINASE-C; AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN; PHORBOL ESTERS;
DAG-LACTONES; PKC-ALPHA; COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY; CERAMIDE SYNTHASE;
INDUCED APOPTOSIS; BINDING-AFFINITY; GAMMA PRODUCTION
AB Diacylglycerol-lactone (DAG-lactone) libraries generated by a solid-phase approach using IRORI technology produced a variety of unique biological activities. Subtle differences in chemical diversity in two areas of the molecule, the combination of which generates what we have termed "chemical zip codes", are able to transform a relatively small chemical space into a larger universe of biological activities, as membrane-containing organelles within the cell appear to be able to decode these "chemical zip codes". It is postulated that after binding to protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes or other nonkinase target proteins that contain diacylglycerol responsive, membrane interacting domains (C1 domains), the resulting complexes are directed to diverse intracellular sites where different sets of substrates are accessed. Multiple cellular bioassays show that DAG-lactones, which bind in vitro to PKC alpha to varying degrees, expand their biological repertoire into a larger domain, eliciting distinct cellular responses.
C1 [Duan, Dehui; Sigano, Dina M.; Kelley, James A.; Lai, Christopher C.; El Kazzouli, Said; Marquez, Victor E.] NCI, NIH, Med Chem Lab, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.
[Lewin, Nancy E.; Kedei, Noemi; Perry, Nicholas A.; Surawski, Robert J.; Blumberg, Peter M.] NCI, NIH, Lab Canc Biol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Peach, Megan L.] Basic Res Program SAIC Frederick Inc, NCI Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.
[Lee, Jeewoo; Chung, Jae-Uk] Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Pharm, Res Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Med Chem Lab, Seoul 151742, South Korea.
[Duan, Dehui; Abeyweera, Thushara P.; Rotenberg, Susan A.] CUNY Queens Coll, Dept Chem & Biochem, Flushing, NY 11367 USA.
[Kim, Young Ho] Digital Biotech, Ansa Si 425839, Kyonggi Do, South Korea.
[Young, Howard A.] NCI, NIH, Expt Immunol Lab, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.
[Young, Matthew R.; Baker, Alyson; Colburn, Nancy H.] NCI, NIH, Lab Canc Prevent, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.
[Haimovitz-Friedman, Adriana; Truman, Jean-Philip] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, New York, NY 10021 USA.
[Parrish, Damon A.; Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Marquez, VE (reprint author), NCI, NIH, Med Chem Lab, 376 Boyles St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.
EM marquezv@mail.nih.gov
RI Kim, Young Ho/J-5414-2012; Sigano, Dina/M-6144-2014;
OI Sigano, Dina/0000-0001-7489-9555; Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010
FU NIH; National Cancer Institute; Center for Career Research; National
Institutes of Health [N01-CO-12400]; Ministry of Health and Welfare
[A020601]; NIH [CA105125-02, CA125632]; National Institute on Drug Abuse
(NIDA) [Y1-DA6002]
FX This paper is dedicated to Dr. John S. Driscoll, former Chief of the
Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry at NCI. This research was supported in
part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Cancer
Institute, Center for Career Research, and in part with federal funds
from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health. under
contract N01-CO-12400. The coment of this publication does not
necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Health
and Human Services, nor does mention of trade names, commercial
products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
This work was also supported in part by the Korea Health 21 R&D Grant
(A020601) from the Ministry of Health and Welfare, by NIH Grant RO1 no.
CA105125-02 to A.H.-F. and by NIH CA125632 to S.A.R. X-ray
crystallographic Studies were Supported in part under contract Y1-DA6002
from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA).
NR 69
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0022-2623
J9 J MED CHEM
JI J. Med. Chem.
PD SEP 11
PY 2008
VL 51
IS 17
BP 5198
EP 5220
DI 10.1021/jm8001907
PG 23
WC Chemistry, Medicinal
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 345ET
UT WOS:000258979600004
PM 18698758
ER
PT J
AU Ferrante, RF
Moore, MH
Spiliotis, MM
Hudson, RL
AF Ferrante, Robert F.
Moore, Marla H.
Spiliotis, Morgan M.
Hudson, Reggie L.
TI Formation of interstellar OCS: Radiation chemistry and IR spectra of
precursor ices
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE astrochemistry; ISM : molecules; methods : laboratory; techniques :
spectroscopic
ID CARBONYL SULFIDE OCS; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; HOT CORES; WATER ICE; SO2;
ABSORPTION; MATRICES; W33A; H2S; MOLECULES
AB Extensive experimental studies have been performed on the solid-state formation of the OCS molecule in proton-irradiated water-free and water-dominated ices containing CO or CO(2) as the carbon source and H(2)S or SO(2) as the sulfur source. In each case OCS is readily formed. Production efficiency follows the trends CO > CO(2) and H(2)S > SO(2) as C, O- and S-sources, respectively. In water-dominated ices, OCS production appears to be enhanced for CO : H(2)S reactants. The mechanism of formation of OCS appears to be the reaction of CO with free S atoms produced by fragmentation of the sulfur parent species. While OCS is readily formed by irradiation, it is also the most easily destroyed on continued exposure. In H(2)O-dominated ices the half-life of H(2)S, SO(2), and OCS is similar to 2 eV molecule(-1), corresponding to similar to 7 million years in a cold dense interstellar cloud environment processed by cosmic-ray protons. The spectral profile of the v(3) band of OCS is highly dependent on temperature and ice composition, and changes with radiation processing. These effects can be used in theoretical modeling of interstellar infrared (IR) spectra; a laboratory spectrum of irradiated H(2)O : CO : H(2)S, warmed to 50 K, provides a good fit to the 2040 cm(-1) feature in the W33A spectrum. The identification of OCS in CO(2)-dominated ices provides a further challenge, due to the overlap of the OCS band with that of CO(3) formed from irradiation of the host ice. The two features can be unraveled by a curve-fitting procedure. It is the width of the 2040 cm(-1) band that will help observers determine if features identified in CO(2)-rich ices are due to OCS or to CO(3).
C1 [Ferrante, Robert F.; Spiliotis, Morgan M.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Moore, Marla H.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Hudson, Reggie L.] Eckerd Coll, Dept Chem, St Petersburg, FL 33711 USA.
RP Ferrante, RF (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, 572 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RI Hudson, Reggie/E-2335-2012
FU NASA [NNG 05-GJ46G]; Office of Naval Research [N0001407WR20077]
FX The authors acknowledge support through The Goddard Center for
Astrobiology, and NASA's Planetary Atmospheres, Outer Planets, and
Planetary Geology and Geophysics programs. In addition, we thank Steve
Brown, Claude Smith, and Eugene Gerashchenko, members of the Radiation
Laboratory at NASA Goddard, for operation of the accelerator. R. L. H.
acknowledges support from NASA Grant NNG 05-GJ46G. M. M. S. gratefully
acknowledges the Office of Naval Research for partial support of this
work on funding document N0001407WR20077.
NR 46
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U1 0
U2 10
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD SEP 10
PY 2008
VL 684
IS 2
BP 1210
EP 1220
DI 10.1086/590362
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 343XH
UT WOS:000258889000032
ER
PT J
AU Manchester, WB
Vourlidas, A
Toth, G
Lugaz, N
Roussev, II
Sokolov, IV
Gombosi, TI
De Zeeuw, DL
Opher, M
AF Manchester, Ward B.
Vourlidas, Angelos
Toth, Gabor
Lugaz, Noe
Roussev, Ilia I.
Sokolov, Igor V.
Gombosi, Tamas I.
De Zeeuw, Darren L.
Opher, Merav
TI Three-dimensional MHD simulation of the 2003 October 28 coronal mass
ejection: Comparison with LASCO coronagraph observations
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE MHD; shock waves; Sun : coronal mass ejections (CMEs)
ID SPACE WEATHER EVENT; FLUX ROPE MODEL; SOLAR-WIND; IDEAL
MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; ALFVEN WAVES; LARGE-ANGLE; SHOCK-WAVE; SHEAR;
FLARES; SCHEME
AB We numerically model the coronal mass ejection (CME) event of 2003 October 28 that erupted from AR 10486 and propagated to Earth in less than 20 hr, causing severe geomagnetic storms. The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model is formulated by first arriving at a steady state corona and solar wind employing synoptic magnetograms. We initiate two CMEs from the same active region, one approximately a day earlier that preconditions the solar wind for the much faster CME on the 28th. This second CME travels through the corona at a rate of over 2500 km s(-1), driving a strong forward shock. We clearly identify this shock in an image produced by the Large Angle Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) C3 and reproduce the shock and its appearance in synthetic white-light images from the simulation. We find excellent agreement with both the general morphology and the quantitative brightness of the model CME with LASCO observations. These results demonstrate that the CME shape is largely determined by its interaction with the ambient solar wind and may not be sensitive to the initiation process. We then show how the CME would appear as observed by wide-angle coronagraphs on board the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO) spacecraft. We find complex time evolution of the white-light images as a result of the way in which the density structures pass through the Thomson sphere. The simulation is performed with the Space Weather Modeling Framework (SWMF).
C1 [Manchester, Ward B.; Sokolov, Igor V.; Gombosi, Tamas I.; De Zeeuw, Darren L.] Univ Michigan, Ctr Space Environm Modeling, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Vourlidas, Angelos] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Lugaz, Noe; Roussev, Ilia I.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Opher, Merav] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RP Manchester, WB (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Ctr Space Environm Modeling, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RI Lugaz, Noe/C-1284-2008; Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009; Roussev,
Ilia/E-9141-2011; Gombosi, Tamas/G-4238-2011; De Zeeuw,
Darren/F-3667-2011; Manchester, Ward/I-9422-2012; Toth,
Gabor/B-7977-2013; Sokolov, Igor/H-9860-2013
OI Lugaz, Noe/0000-0002-1890-6156; Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948;
Gombosi, Tamas/0000-0001-9360-4951; Toth, Gabor/0000-0002-5654-9823;
Sokolov, Igor/0000-0002-6118-0469
FU NASA AISRP [NNG04GP89G]; NASA STEREO [NAS5-3131]; NSF ITR [ATM-0325332];
DoD MURI [F49620-01-10359]; LWS [NNX06AC36G]; Hungarian Science
Foundation (OTKA) [T047042]; NASA [SMD1-Dec04-0099]
FX This work has been supported in part by NASA AISRP grant NNG04GP89G,
NASA STEREO grant NAS5-3131, NSF ITR project ATM-0325332, and by DoD
MURI grant F49620-01-10359. W. M. and M. O. are thankful for support
provided by LWS grant NNX06AC36G. G. T. has been partially supported by
the Hungarian Science Foundation (OTKA grant T047042). We acknowledge
the use of data from the SOHOC 2 and C3 coronagraphs. We gratefully
acknowledge the supercomputing resources provided by NASA's Columbia
system under award SMD1-Dec04-0099 (OTKA grant T047042).
NR 52
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U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD SEP 10
PY 2008
VL 684
IS 2
BP 1448
EP 1460
DI 10.1086/590231
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 343XH
UT WOS:000258889000055
ER
PT J
AU Lugaz, N
Vourlidas, A
Roussev, II
Jacobs, C
Manchester, WB
Cohen, O
AF Lugaz, N.
Vourlidas, A.
Roussev, I. I.
Jacobs, C.
Manchester, W. B.
Cohen, O.
TI The brightness of density structures at large solar elongation angles:
What is being observed by STEREO SECCHI?
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE MHD; scattering; Sun : corona; Sun : coronal mass ejections (CMEs)
ID CORONAL MASS EJECTION; WIND; EARTH; SIMULATIONS; MISSION; IMAGES; MODEL;
CMES
AB We discuss features of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) that are specific to heliospheric observations at large elongation angles. Our analysis is focused on a series of two eruptions that occurred on 2007 January 24-25, which were tracked by the Heliospheric Imagers (HIs) on board STEREO. Using a three-dimensional (3D) magnetohydrodynamic simulation of these ejections with the Space Weather Modeling Framework (SWMF), we illustrate how the combination of the 3D nature of CMEs, solar rotation, and geometry associated with the Thomson sphere results in complex effects in the brightness observed by the HIs. Our results demonstrate that these effects make any in-depth analysis of CME observations without 3D simulations challenging. In particular, the association of bright features seen by the HIs with fronts of CME-driven shocks is far from trivial. In this Letter, we argue that, on 2007 January 26, the HIs observed not only two CMEs, but also a dense corotating stream compressed by the CME-driven shocks.
C1 [Lugaz, N.; Roussev, I. I.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Vourlidas, A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Jacobs, C.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Ctr Plasma Astrofys, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
[Manchester, W. B.; Cohen, O.] Univ Michigan, Dept AOSS, Ann Arbor, MI 48198 USA.
RP Lugaz, N (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, 2680 Woodlawn Dr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM nlugaz@ifa.hawaii.edu; vourlidas@nrl.navy.mil; iroussev@ifa.hawaii.edu;
carla.jacobs@wis.kuleuven.be; chipm@umich.edu; oferc@umich.edu
RI Lugaz, Noe/C-1284-2008; Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009; Roussev,
Ilia/E-9141-2011; Manchester, Ward/I-9422-2012;
OI Lugaz, Noe/0000-0002-1890-6156; Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948;
Cohen, Ofer/0000-0003-3721-0215
FU NSF [ATM 06-39335, ATM 08-19653]; NASA [NNX07AC13G, NNX08AQ16G,
NNX06AC36G]
FX The simulation reported here was carried out on a dedicated cluster of
the solar group at the IfA. The research for this manuscript was
supported by NSF grants ATM 06-39335 and ATM 08-19653 and NASA grants
NNX07AC13G and NNX08AQ16G. W. M. was supported by NASA grant NNX06AC36G.
We would like to thank the reviewer for helping us improve and clarify
this Letter. The SECCHI data are produced by an international consortium
of the NRL, LMSAL, and NASA GSFC (USA), RAL and U. Bham (UK), MPS
(Germany), CSL (Belgium), and IOTA and IAS (France). SOLIS data were
obtained from NSO.
NR 25
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U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 2041-8205
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD SEP 10
PY 2008
VL 684
IS 2
BP L111
EP L114
DI 10.1086/592217
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 345RS
UT WOS:000259014700014
ER
PT J
AU Voorhees, A
Dong, P
Atsavapranee, P
Benaroya, H
Wei, T
AF Voorhees, A.
Dong, P.
Atsavapranee, P.
Benaroya, H.
Wei, T.
TI Beating of a circular cylinder mounted as an inverted pendulum
SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
ID VORTEX-INDUCED-VIBRATIONS; LOW REYNOLDS NUMBERS; FREE-SURFACE; SOLID
WALL; WAKE; TURBULENCE; FLOW; TRANSITION; TRANSPORT; UNIFORM
AB This paper contains temporally and spatially resolved flow visualization and DPIV measurements characterizing the frequency-amplitude response and three-dimensional vortex structure of a circular cylinder mounted like an inverted pendulum. Two circular cylinders were examined in this investigation. Both were 2.54 cm in diameter and similar to 140cm long with low mass ratios, m* = 0.65 and 1.90, and mass-damping ratios, m*zeta = 0.038 and 0.103, respectively. Frequency-amplitude response analysis was done with the lighter cylinder while detailed wake structure visualization and measurements were done using the slightly higher-mass-ratio cylinder. Experiments were conducted over the Reynolds number range 1900 <= Re <= 6800 corresponding to a reduced velocity range of 3.7 <= U* <= 9.6. Detailed examination of the upper branch of the synchronization regime permitted, for the first time, the identification of short-time deviations in cylinder oscillation and vortex-shedding frequencies that give rise to beating behaviour. That is, while long-time averages of cylinder oscillation and vortex-shedding frequencies are identical, i.e. synchronized, it is shown that there is a slight mismatch between these frequencies over much shorter periods when the cylinder exhibits quasi-periodic beating. Data are also presented which show that vortex strength is also modulated from one cylinder oscillation to the next. Physical arguments are presented to explain both the origins of beating as well as why the quasi-periodicity of the beating envelopes becomes irregular; it is believed that this result may be generalized to a broader class of fluid-structure interactions. In addition, observations of strong vertical flows associated with the Karman vortices developing 2-3 diameters downstream of the cylinder are presented. It is hypothesized that these three-dimensionalities result from both the inverted pendulum motion as well as free-surface effects.
C1 [Voorhees, A.] Siemens Med Solut USA Inc, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Dong, P.; Benaroya, H.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Atsavapranee, P.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Bethesda, MD 21218 USA.
[Wei, T.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mech Aerosp & Nucl Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
RP Voorhees, A (reprint author), Siemens Med Solut USA Inc, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
NR 31
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 4
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0022-1120
J9 J FLUID MECH
JI J. Fluid Mech.
PD SEP 10
PY 2008
VL 610
BP 217
EP 247
DI 10.1017/S0022112008002383
PG 31
WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Mechanics; Physics
GA 346CM
UT WOS:000259046000009
ER
PT J
AU Radko, T
AF Radko, Timour
TI Long-range interaction and elastic collisions of isolated vortices
SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CORE RING 82B; GEOSTROPHIC VORTICES; STRATIFIED FLUID; 2 DIMENSIONS;
VORTEX; EDDIES; EVOLUTION; DYNAMICS; INSTABILITY; MODEL
AB This study explores the interaction of two nearly axisymmetric two-dimensional vortices using a combination of numerical Simulations and analytical arguments. We consider isolated or 'shielded' eddies, characterized by zero net vorticity. The ability of such vortices to propagate and interact is associated with the small dipolar component that is introduced initially. Numerical contour dynamics experiments indicate that the interaction of shielded eddies takes one of two forms, depending on their initial separation and on the relative orientation of their dipolar components. Eddies call influence each other by remotely modifying the dipolar moments of partner vortices, an effect manifested in a gentle deflection of their trajectories from a straight course. Strong interactions occur when eddies collide and rebound. The remote interaction is explained by weakly nonlinear theory in which the basic state consists of identical circularly symmetric eddies and the perturbation is assumed to be small. It is argued that the elastic rebounds observed during direct collisions are induced by the exchange of fluid between colliding vortices.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Radko, T (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tradko@nps.edu
NR 39
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0022-1120
EI 1469-7645
J9 J FLUID MECH
JI J. Fluid Mech.
PD SEP 10
PY 2008
VL 610
BP 285
EP 310
DI 10.1017/S0022112008002632
PG 26
WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Mechanics; Physics
GA 346CM
UT WOS:000259046000012
ER
PT J
AU Hwang, PA
Sletten, MA
Toporkov, JV
AF Hwang, Paul A.
Sletten, Mark A.
Toporkov, Jakov V.
TI Breaking wave contribution to low grazing angle radar backscatter from
the ocean surface
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID AFFECTING MICROWAVE BACKSCATTER; SEA SPIKES; WIND; DEPENDENCE; MODERATE;
RETURN; MODEL; SCATTERING; SCALE
AB The anomaly of radar sea spikes, defined here as the non-Bragg scattering events with backscattering cross-section of horizontal polarization exceeding that of the vertical polarization, has been associated with steep wave features possibly going through wave-breaking process, with or without whitecap manifestation. This property is exploited for using a dual polarized radar as a remote sensing breaking wave detector. Field data collected in the ocean covering wind speeds from 7 to 15 m/s, grazing angles from 1.4 to 5.5 degrees, and with different levels of background swell influence are analyzed to quantify the radar cross-section and Doppler velocity from sea surfaces with and without wave breaking. Key results of the breaking effects are increasing significantly the Doppler velocity of both polarizations (about 50% faster), enhancing the horizontally polarized backscattering cross-section drastically (with 10-15 dB increase), and producing relatively small change in the vertically polarized cross-section (about 1-2 dB increase). The presence of swell (in the same direction of wind waves) reduces both the radar backscatter and the impact of breaking waves on radar return. By inference, the swell presence decreases the ocean surface roughness and breaking activity. These results are consistent with earlier in-situ surface wave measurements and our expectation of swell modification of breaking process due to interaction of short waves and the orbital velocity of long swell.
C1 [Hwang, Paul A.; Sletten, Mark A.; Toporkov, Jakov V.] Remote Sensing Div, Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Hwang, PA (reprint author), Remote Sensing Div, Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM paul.hwang@nrl.navy.mil; mark.sletton@nrl.navy.mil;
jakov.toporkov@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research [61153N]; NRL [NRL/JA/7260-08-0035]
FX We are grateful to the insightful comments from two anonymous reviewers.
This work is sponsored by the Office of Naval Research (NRL work units
8027 and 8953 and program element 61153N; NRL contribution number
NRL/JA/7260-08-0035).
NR 35
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD SEP 10
PY 2008
VL 113
IS C9
AR C09017
DI 10.1029/2008JC004752
PG 12
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 348HM
UT WOS:000259201600003
ER
PT J
AU Picone, JM
AF Picone, J. M.
TI Influence of systematic error on least squares retrieval of upper
atmospheric parameters from the ultraviolet airglow
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DISCRETE INVERSE-THEORY; REMOTE; DAYGLOW
AB This paper investigates the effect of simple systematic error, or bias (i.e., in the magnitude of data or an associated model), on physical parameters retrieved by least squares algorithms from observations that are indexed by an independent variable. This factor is now of critical interest with the advent of global, space-based ultraviolet remote sensing of thermospheric and ionospheric composition by experimental and operational systems. A finite bias between an observed intensity profile and the parametric physical model used to compute a least squares solution will contaminate the values of retrieved physical parameters. The simplest mitigation method is to retrieve an additional bias adjustment parameter (additive or multiplicative) as part of the solution. The result is a measurably superior fit. The utility of this approach can depend on the particular spectral feature of interest. The discussion includes derivation of relevant equations and diagnostic tests. An illustrative application concerns recent observations of the dayside O II 834 angstrom airglow, which contains information on O+, the dominant ion in the ionospheric F region.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Picone, JM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM picone@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research; Defense Meteorological Satellite Program [O II
834]
FX The author gratefully acknowledges the efforts of the reviewers to
contend with the original manuscript; one of the reviewers expended
considerable effort in helping the author to clarify the text. The same
reviewer suggested the simple example in Appendix D, which resulted in
generalizing the bias mitigation strategy one step further. The author
greatly appreciates the patience and constructive comments of R. Meier,
A. Stephan, D. Drob, J. Emmert, A. Christensen, K. Dymond, C. Coker, P.
Walker, S. McDonald, P. Straus, and J. Hecht. The Office of Naval
Research supported this work. The Defense Meteorological Satellite
Program shared support of the original O II 834 angstrom intensity model
and the processing and calibration of the DMSP F16 data set, including
the sample limb intensity profile in the figures and table.
NR 14
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD SEP 9
PY 2008
VL 113
IS A9
AR A09306
DI 10.1029/2007JA012831
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 348IG
UT WOS:000259203600002
ER
PT J
AU Anisha, R
Jin, N
Chung, SY
Yu, RH
Berger, PR
Thompson, PE
AF Anisha, R.
Jin, Niu
Chung, Sung-Yong
Yu, Ronghua
Berger, Paul R.
Thompson, Phillip E.
TI Strain engineered Si/SiGe resonant interband tunneling diodes with
outside barriers grown on Si(0.8)Ge(0.2) virtual substrates
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PERFORMANCE; OPERATION; PEAK
AB Si-based resonant interband tunneling diodes (RITDs) grown on commercially available Si(0.8)Ge(0.2) virtual substrates were studied. Peak-to-valley current ratios (PVCRs) were improved by utilizing strain induced band offsets to 3.5 with a peak current density (J(p)) of 161 A/cm(2). More specifically, a tensilely strained Si layer on the p-side and a compressively strained Si(0.5)Ge(0.5) layer on the n-side were added to the design to form enhanced potential barriers away from the tunneling junction. The outside barriers deepen the respective hole and electron quantum wells and also block nonresonant tunneling current, which improved the PVCR significantly. However, due to the large surface roughness of the SiGe virtual substrates used in this study, the RITDs grown on Si(0.8)Ge(0.2) substrates exhibit a smaller PVCR overall than RITDs optimized on standard Si substrates. Better performance is expected by using higher quality SiGe substrates with smaller surface roughness. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Yu, Ronghua; Berger, Paul R.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Anisha, R.; Jin, Niu; Chung, Sung-Yong; Berger, Paul R.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Thompson, Phillip E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Berger, PR (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM pberger@ieee.org
RI Berger, Paul/I-4063-2014
OI Berger, Paul/0000-0002-2656-2349
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0103248, ECS-0323657]; Office of Naval
Research
FX The Ohio State University was supported by the National Science
Foundation (DMR-0103248 and ECS-0323657). The work at NRL was supported
by the Office of Naval Research.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD SEP 8
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 10
AR 102113
DI 10.1063/1.2981211
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 356SD
UT WOS:000259797000049
ER
PT J
AU Picard, YN
McDonald, JP
Friedmann, TA
Yalisove, SM
Adams, DP
AF Picard, Yoosuf N.
McDonald, Joel P.
Friedmann, Thomas A.
Yalisove, Steven M.
Adams, David P.
TI Nanosecond laser induced ignition thresholds and reaction velocities of
energetic bimetallic nanolaminates
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID COMBUSTION SYNTHESIS; MULTILAYER FILMS; PROPAGATION; FOILS
AB Thresholds for optically igniting self-propagating reactions are quantified for energetic Ni/Ti, Co/Al, and Al/Pt nanolaminates, where smaller enthalpy material pairs required larger laser ignition fluences. The threshold fluences (J/cm(2)) for ignition by 30 ns laser pulses focused to similar to 8 mu m spot size varied from 720 to 15 000 J/cm(2) for Ni/Ti, 8.6 to 380 J/cm(2) for Co/Al, and 3.2 to 27 J/cm(2) for Al/Pt. Conversely, smaller enthalpy nanolaminates exhibited reduced steady-state propagation speeds ranging from 0.05 to 0.9 m/s for Ni/Ti, 0.6 to 8.5 m/s for Co/Al, and 24 to 73 m/s for Al/Pt. Increasing the laser spot diameter tenfold reduced the ignition threshold fluence by as much as two orders of magnitude. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Picard, Yoosuf N.; Yalisove, Steven M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[McDonald, Joel P.; Friedmann, Thomas A.; Adams, David P.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Picard, YN (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA.
EM yoosuf.picard@nrl.navy.mil; dpadams@sandia.gov
OI Picard, Yoosuf/0000-0002-2853-5213
FU NSF [DMR03070400]; MURI/AFOSR [A955005-1-0416]; United States Department
of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX This work was funded by the NSF (Grant No. DMR03070400) and the
MURI/AFOSR (Grant No. A955005-1-0416). We gratefully acknowledge the
assistance of E. Jones, Jr., V. C. Hodges, and D. Wackerbarth. Sandia is
a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed
Martin Co., for the United States Department of Energy's National
Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 17
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD SEP 8
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 10
AR 104104
DI 10.1063/1.2981570
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 356SD
UT WOS:000259797000118
ER
PT J
AU Cybulsk, RJ
Sanza, P
McDaniel, D
Darnell, S
Bull, RL
O'Brien, AD
AF Cybulsk, Robert J., Jr.
Sanza, Patrick
McDaniel, Dennis
Darnell, Steve
Bull, Robert L.
O'Brien, Alison D.
TI Recombinant Bacillus anthracis spore proteins enhance protection of mice
primed with suboptimal amounts of protective antigen
SO VACCINE
LA English
DT Article
DE Bacillus anthracis; spore; exosporium; vaccine
ID IN-VITRO CORRELATE; INHALATIONAL ANTHRAX; GUINEA-PIGS; MACROPHAGE
INTERACTIONS; COMPARATIVE EFFICACY; RHESUS MACAQUES; VACCINE;
EXOSPORIUM; ANTIBODIES; IMMUNITY
AB Inactivated Bacillus anthracis spores given with protective antigen (PA) contribute to immunity against anthrax in several animal models. Antiserum raised against whole irradiated B. anthracis spores has been shown to have anti-germination and opsonic activities in vitro. Based on these observations, we hypothesized that surface-exposed spore proteins might serve as Supplemental components of a PA-based anthrax vaccine. The Protective anti-spore serum was tested for reactivity with recombinant forms of 30 proteins known, or believed to be, present within the B. anthracis exosporium. Eleven of those proteins were reactive with this antiserum, and, subsequently a subset of this group was used to generate rabbit polyclonal antibodies. These sera were evaluated for recognition of the immunogens on intact spores generated from Sterne strain, as well as from an isogenic Mutant lacking the spore surface protein Bacillus collagen-like antigen (BclA). The data were consistent with the notion that the antigens in question were located beneath BclA on the basal surface of the exosporium. A/J mice immunized with either the here-to-for hypothetical protein p5303 or the structural protein BxpB, each in combination with subprotective levels of PA, showed enhanced protection against subcutaneous spore challenge. While neither anti-BxpB or anti-p5303 antibodies reduced the rate of spore germination in vitro, both caused increased uptake and lead to a higher rate of destruction by phagocytic cells. We conclude that by facilitating More efficient phagocytic clearance Of Spores, antibodies against individual exosporium components can contribute to protection against B. anthracis infection. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Cybulsk, Robert J., Jr.; Sanza, Patrick; McDaniel, Dennis; Darnell, Steve; O'Brien, Alison D.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Bull, Robert L.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP O'Brien, AD (reprint author), 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
EM aobrien@usuhs.mil
OI O'Brien, Alison/0000-0002-1315-3204
FU NIH/NIAID Middle Atlantic Regional Center of Excellence [U54 AI057168];
United States Navy [G173HS]; United States Army Long-Term Health
Education and Training Program
FX We thank Dr. Cara Olson for expert statistical analysis, Mr. Michael
Flora for primer synthesis and DNA sequencing, Dr, Jill Czarnecki for
polyclonal antibody generation, and Dr. Trupti Brahmbhatt for helpful
discussions. This work was supported by NIH/NIAID Middle Atlantic
Regional Center of Excellence grant U54 AI057168 and research funds from
the United States Navy through Uniformed Services University grant #
G173HS. Special thanks also to the United States Army Long-Term Health
Education and Training Program for support of one of us (R. Cybulski).
The opinions and assertions in this paper are the private views of the
authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the
views of the Department of the Navy or the Department of Defense. This
research was conducted in compliance with the Animal Welfare Act. All
animal use protocols were reviewed and approved by the Institutional
Animal Care and Use Committee of the Uniformed Services University.
NR 63
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-410X
J9 VACCINE
JI Vaccine
PD SEP 8
PY 2008
VL 26
IS 38
BP 4927
EP 4939
DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.07.015
PG 13
WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 356BC
UT WOS:000259752700009
PM 18657585
ER
PT J
AU Fried, A
Olson, JR
Walega, JG
Crawford, JH
Chen, G
Weibring, P
Richter, D
Roller, C
Tittel, F
Porter, M
Fuelberg, H
Halland, J
Bertram, TH
Cohen, RC
Pickering, K
Heikes, BG
Snow, JA
Shen, HW
O'Sullivan, DW
Brune, WH
Ren, XR
Blake, DR
Blake, N
Sachse, G
Diskin, GS
Podolske, J
Vay, SA
Shetter, RE
Hall, SR
Anderson, BE
Thornhill, L
Clarke, AD
McNaughton, CS
Singh, HB
Avery, MA
Huey, G
Kim, S
Millet, DB
AF Fried, Alan
Olson, Jennifer R.
Walega, James G.
Crawford, Jim H.
Chen, Gao
Weibring, Petter
Richter, Dirk
Roller, Chad
Tittel, Frank
Porter, Michael
Fuelberg, Henry
Halland, Jeremy
Bertram, Timothy H.
Cohen, Ronald C.
Pickering, Kenneth
Heikes, Brian G.
Snow, Julie A.
Shen, Haiwei
O'Sullivan, Daniel W.
Brune, William H.
Ren, Xinrong
Blake, Donald R.
Blake, Nicola
Sachse, Glen
Diskin, Glenn S.
Podolske, James
Vay, Stephanie A.
Shetter, Richard E.
Hall, Samuel R.
Anderson, Bruce E.
Thornhill, Lee
Clarke, Antony D.
McNaughton, Cameron S.
Singh, Hanwant B.
Avery, Melody A.
Huey, Gregory
Kim, Saewung
Millet, Dylan B.
TI Role of convection in redistributing formaldehyde to the upper
troposphere over North America and the North Atlantic during the summer
2004 INTEX campaign
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPICAL UPPER TROPOSPHERE; UNITED-STATES; HOX; CHEMISTRY; TRACE;
PEROXIDES; INJECTION; NASHVILLE; RADICALS; IMPACT
AB Measurements of formaldehyde (CH2O) from a tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer (TDLAS) were acquired onboard the NASA DC-8 aircraft during the summer 2004 INTEX-NA campaign to test our understanding of convection and CH2O production mechanisms in the upper troposphere ( UT, 6-12 km) over continental North America and the North Atlantic Ocean. The present study utilizes these TDLAS measurements and results from a box model to ( 1) establish sets of conditions by which to distinguish "background'' UT CH2O levels from those perturbed by convection and other causes; ( 2) quantify the CH2O precursor budgets for both air mass types; (3) quantify the fraction of time that the UT CH2O measurements over North America and North Atlantic are perturbed during the summer of 2004; ( 4) provide estimates for the fraction of time that such perturbed CH2O levels are caused by direct convection of boundary layer CH2O and/or convection of CH2O precursors; ( 5) assess the ability of box models to reproduce the CH2O measurements; and ( 6) examine CH2O and HO2 relationships in the presence of enhanced NO. Multiple tracers were used to arrive at a set of UT CH2O background and perturbed air mass periods, and 46% of the TDLAS measurements fell within the latter category. In general, production of CH2O from CH4 was found to be the dominant source term, even in perturbed air masses. This was followed by production from methyl hydroperoxide, methanol, PAN-type compounds, and ketones, in descending order of their contribution. At least 70% to 73% of the elevated UT observations were caused by enhanced production from CH2O precursors rather than direct transport of CH2O from the boundary layer. In the presence of elevated NO, there was a definite trend in the CH2O measurement-model discrepancy, and this was highly correlated with HO2 measurement - model discrepancies in the UT.
C1 [Fried, Alan; Walega, James G.; Weibring, Petter; Richter, Dirk] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Earth Observing Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Olson, Jennifer R.; Crawford, Jim H.; Chen, Gao; Sachse, Glen; Diskin, Glenn S.; Vay, Stephanie A.; Anderson, Bruce E.; Thornhill, Lee; Avery, Melody A.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
[Roller, Chad] Ekips Technol Inc, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Tittel, Frank] Rice Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
[Porter, Michael; Fuelberg, Henry; Halland, Jeremy] Florida State Univ, Dept Meteorol, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Bertram, Timothy H.; Cohen, Ronald C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94705 USA.
[Pickering, Kenneth] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospheres Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Heikes, Brian G.; Shen, Haiwei] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Ctr Atmospher Chem Studies, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Snow, Julie A.] Slippery Rock Univ, Dept Geog Geol & Environm, Slippery Rock, PA 16057 USA.
[O'Sullivan, Daniel W.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Brune, William H.; Ren, Xinrong] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Podolske, James; Singh, Hanwant B.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Atmospher Sci Branch, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Blake, Donald R.; Blake, Nicola] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Shetter, Richard E.; Hall, Samuel R.] NCAR, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO USA.
[Clarke, Antony D.; McNaughton, Cameron S.] Univ Hawaii, Manoa, HI USA.
[Huey, Gregory; Kim, Saewung] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlantic, GA 30332 USA.
[Millet, Dylan B.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Bertram, Timothy H.; Cohen, Ronald C.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94705 USA.
RP Fried, A (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Earth Observing Lab, 3450 Mitchell Lane, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM fried@ucar.edu
RI Cohen, Ronald/A-8842-2011; Ren, Xinrong/B-2229-2010; Kim,
Saewung/E-4089-2012; Pickering, Kenneth/E-6274-2012; Millet,
Dylan/G-5832-2012; Crawford, James/L-6632-2013; Ren, Xinrong/E-7838-2015
OI Cohen, Ronald/0000-0001-6617-7691; Crawford, James/0000-0002-6982-0934;
Ren, Xinrong/0000-0001-9974-1666
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Global Tropospheric
Experiment; NASA Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling and Analysis Program
FX The National Center for Atmospheric Research is operated by the
University Corporation for Atmospheric Research under the sponsorship of
the National Science Foundation. This research was supported by funds
from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Global
Tropospheric Experiment. The authors specifically wish to acknowledge
the NASA DC-8 staff and crew for all their valuable support and
assistance and Mary Barth, Chris Cantrell, and John Orlando at NCAR for
valuable discussions. The GEOS- Chem model is managed by the Atmospheric
Chemistry Modeling group at Harvard University with support from the
NASA Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling and Analysis Program.
NR 37
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD SEP 5
PY 2008
VL 113
IS D17
AR D17306
DI 10.1029/2007JD009760
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 345MH
UT WOS:000259000400004
ER
PT J
AU Basu, S
Basu, S
Makela, JJ
MacKenzie, E
Doherty, P
Wright, JW
Rich, F
Keskinen, MJ
Sheehan, RE
Coster, AJ
AF Basu, Su.
Basu, S.
Makela, J. J.
MacKenzie, E.
Doherty, P.
Wright, J. W.
Rich, F.
Keskinen, M. J.
Sheehan, R. E.
Coster, A. J.
TI Large magnetic storm-induced nighttime ionospheric flows at midlatitudes
and their impacts on GPS-based navigation systems
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID AURORAL OVAL; SCINTILLATIONS; INSTABILITY; DENSITY; IRREGULARITIES;
ZONE; SAPS
AB Analysis of GPS phase fluctuations in conjunction with regional total electron content (TEC) maps, in situ measurements of subauroral polarization streams (SAPS) and auroral convection from several Defense Meteorological Satellite Program spacecraft, and dynasonde measurements at the Bear Lake Observatory obtained during the intense magnetic storm of 7-8 November 2004 have indicated the serious impact of large ionospheric velocities on GPS-based navigation systems within the midlatitude region in the North American sector. The major difference between this superstorm and the others observed during the earlier October-November 2003 events is the absence of appreciable storm-enhanced density gradients, with the midlatitude region being enveloped by either the auroral oval or the ionospheric trough within which the SAPS were confined during the local dusk to nighttime hours. This shows that it is possible to disable GPS-based navigation systems for many hours even in the absence of appreciable TEC gradients, provided an intense flow channel is present in the ionosphere during nighttime hours. The competing effects of irregularity amplitude Delta N/N, the background F region density, and the magnitude of SAPS or auroral convection are discussed in establishing the extent of the region of impact on such systems.
C1 [Basu, Su.] Boston Univ, Ctr Space Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Basu, S.; MacKenzie, E.; Doherty, P.; Sheehan, R. E.] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA.
[Makela, J. J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Wright, J. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Rich, F.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA USA.
[Keskinen, M. J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Coster, A. J.] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA.
RP Basu, S (reprint author), Boston Univ, Ctr Space Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
EM sbasu@bu.edu
FU NSF [ATM-0218206]; ONR [N00014-03-1-0593]; Boston College [2311AS]; NRL
[N00173-05-G904]
FX We thank the World Data Center for Geomagnetism at Kyoto University for
making available the SYM-H data. F. T. Berkey kindly made available the
dynasonde data; the data collection was supported by NSF grant
ATM-0218206. Su. Basu was supported by ONR grant N00014-03-1-0593. The
work at Boston College was partially supported by AFOSR Task 2311AS. The
work at the University of Illinois was partially supported by NRL grant
N00173-05-G904.
NR 39
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD SEP 4
PY 2008
VL 113
AR A00A06
DI 10.1029/2008JA013076
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 345NS
UT WOS:000259004100001
ER
PT J
AU Harrison, JA
Schall, JD
Knippenberg, MT
Gao, GT
Mikulski, PT
AF Harrison, Judith A.
Schall, J. David
Knippenberg, M. Todd
Gao, Guangtu
Mikulski, Paul T.
TI Elucidating atomic-scale friction using molecular dynamics and
specialized analysis techniques
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; SI-H SYSTEMS; CARBON COATINGS; STATIC
FRICTION; DIAMOND FILMS; SURFACES; MODEL; SILICON; POLYMERIZATION;
HYDROCARBONS
AB Because all quantities associated with a given atom are known as a function of time, molecular dynamics simulations can provide unparalleled insight into dynamic processes. Many quantities calculated from simulations can be directly compared to experimental values, while others provide information not available from experiment. For example, the tilt and methyl angles of chains within a self- assembled monolayer and the amount of hydrogen in a diamond- like carbon ( DLC) film are measurable in an experiment. In contrast, the atomic contact force on a single substrate atom, i. e., the force on that atom due to the tip atoms only, and the changes in hybridization of a carbon atom within a DLC film during sliding are not quantities that are currently obtainable from experiments. Herein, the computation of many quantities, including the ones discussed above, and the unique insights that they provided into compression, friction, and wear are discussed.
C1 [Harrison, Judith A.; Schall, J. David; Knippenberg, M. Todd; Gao, Guangtu] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Mikulski, Paul T.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Harrison, JA (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM jah@usna.edu
RI Gao, Guangtu/F-4541-2012
FU The Air Force of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [F1ATA07351G001,
F1ATA08018G001]; The Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N0001408WR20106];
ONR; AFOSR
FX JDS and Gao acknowledge support from The Air Force Office of Scientific
Research (AFOSR) under contracts F1ATA07351G001 and F1ATA08018G001 (
Extreme Friction MURI), respectively. PTM and MTK acknowledge support
from the The Office of Naval Research (ONR) under contract
N0001408WR20106. JAH acknowledges support from both ONR and AFOSR.
NR 64
TC 28
Z9 29
U1 2
U2 16
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-8984
J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT
JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter
PD SEP 3
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 35
AR 354009
DI 10.1088/0953-8984/20/35/354009
PG 15
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 337GF
UT WOS:000258422800011
ER
PT J
AU Blum, AS
Moore, MH
Ratna, BR
AF Blum, Amy Szuchmacher
Moore, Martin H.
Ratna, Banahalli R.
TI Quantum dot fluorescence as a function of alkyl chain length in aqueous
environments
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; ENERGY-TRANSFER; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE;
LUMINESCENCE; MONOLAYERS; LIGANDS; PROTEIN; LABELS; CELLS
AB In this work, we examine the dependence of the fluorescence quantum yield of water-soluble CdSe/ZnS quantum dots on the local environment. The hydrophobicity of the local environment was modified by using different alkyl chain lengths in a set of oligo-ethylene glycols. Our results show that the quantum yield of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots C is highest for the longest alkyl chain length. suggesting that a more hydrophobic environment is beneficial for generating bright, water-soluble quantum dots.
C1 [Blum, Amy Szuchmacher; Moore, Martin H.; Ratna, Banahalli R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Blum, AS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM amyblum@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil
NR 23
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD SEP 2
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 17
BP 9194
EP 9197
DI 10.1021/la800932b
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 341NV
UT WOS:000258722100003
PM 18683956
ER
PT J
AU Convey, C
Fredricks, A
Gagner, C
Maxwell, D
Hamel, L
AF Convey, Christian
Fredricks, Andrew
Gagner, Christopher
Maxwell, Douglas
Hamel, Lutz
TI Experience report: Erlang in acoustic ray tracing
SO ACM SIGPLAN NOTICES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 13th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Functional Programming
CY SEP 22-24, 2008
CL Victoria, CANADA
SP ACM SIGPLAN
DE design; performance; acoustic ray tracing; C plus; Erlang
AB We investigated the relative merits of C++ and Erlang in the implementation of a parallel acoustic ray tracing algorithm for the U. S. Navy. We found a much smaller learning curve and better debugging environment for parallel Erlang than for pthreads-based C++ programming. Our C++ implementation outperformed the Erlang program by at least 12x. Attempts to use Erlang on the IBM Cell BE microprocessor were frustrated by Erlang's memory footprint.
C1 [Convey, Christian; Fredricks, Andrew; Gagner, Christopher; Maxwell, Douglas] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI USA.
[Hamel, Lutz] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Comp Sci & Stat, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
RP Convey, C (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI USA.
EM conveycj@npt.nuwc.navy.mil; fredricksaj@npt.nuwc.navy.mil;
gagnercw@npt.nuwc.navy.mil; maxwelldb@npt.nuwc.navy.mil;
hamel@cs.uri.edu
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA
SN 0362-1340
J9 ACM SIGPLAN NOTICES
JI ACM Sigplan Not.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 43
IS 9
BP 115
EP 118
DI 10.1145/1411203.1411223
PG 4
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 351PP
UT WOS:000259436700013
ER
PT J
AU Parade, CS
Cooper, KP
AF Parade, C. S.
Cooper, K. P.
TI Self-similar grain size distribution in two dimensions: Analytical
solution
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Grain size distribution; Grain growth; Stochastic model
ID STOCHASTIC-THEORY; GROWTH; BOUNDARIES
AB Consideration of the physics and topology of two-dimensional grain growth suggests that a stochastic treatment is required to determine grain size distribution [Parade CS. Acta Metall 1987;35:2671]. In this paper, a size-based continuum stochastic formulation is presented based on topological considerations. As expected, this analysis leads to a Fokker-Planck equation for the size distribution, which should yield a unique self-similar asymptotic state that could be reached from any arbitrary initial state. The approximate solution of the Fokker-Planck equation presented here is limited to two dimensions and is based on the assumption of quasi-stationary distributions reached in the long time limit. The resulting grain size distribution is shown to be in agreement with that obtained from computer simulations, indicating the validity of the stochastic approach. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc.
C1 [Parade, C. S.; Cooper, K. P.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Cooper, KP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6350,9555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM cooper@anvil.nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research
FX This work is supported in part by the Office of Naval Research. We are
grateful to Dr. Robert A. Masumura for his substantial contributions to
this work.
NR 19
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 56
IS 16
BP 4200
EP 4205
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2008.04.054
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 358PZ
UT WOS:000259931300007
ER
PT J
AU Sylwester, B
Sylwester, J
Phillips, KJH
Landi, E
AF Sylwester, B.
Sylwester, J.
Phillips, K. J. H.
Landi, E.
TI He-like Ar XVII triplet observed by RESIK
SO ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE solar physics; X-ray flares; spectroscopic plasma diagnostic
ID FLARE ABUNDANCES; SOLAR; SPECTROMETER; SPECTRA; LINES; SI
AB We present the observations of He-like Ar triplet lines obtained by RESIK spectrometer aboard CORONAS-F. Interpretation of intensity ratios between triplet lines of lower Z elements is known to provide useful diagnostics of plasma conditions within the emitting source. Here, we investigate whether triplet line ratios are useful for interpretation of higher Z element spectra. A high sensitivity, low background and precise absolute calibration of RESIK allow to consider in addition also the continuum contribution. This provides a way to determine the Ar absolute abundance from the observed triplet component ratios. The method is presented and the results are shown for two selected flares. Derived values of Ar absolute abundance for these flares are found to be similar: 2.6 x 10(-6) and 2.9 x 10(-6). They fall in the range between presently accepted Ar photospheric and coronal abundances. (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of COSPAR.
C1 [Sylwester, B.; Sylwester, J.] Polish Acad Sci, Space Res Ctr, PL-51622 Wroclaw, Poland.
[Phillips, K. J. H.] UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Surrey, England.
[Landi, E.] USN, Res Lab, Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA.
RP Sylwester, B (reprint author), Polish Acad Sci, Space Res Ctr, Ul Kopernika 11, PL-51622 Wroclaw, Poland.
EM bs@cbk.pan.wroc.pl
RI Landi, Enrico/H-4493-2011
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0273-1177
J9 ADV SPACE RES
JI Adv. Space Res.
PD SEP 1
PY 2008
VL 42
IS 5
BP 833
EP 837
DI 10.1016/j.asr.2007.04.060
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 331YU
UT WOS:000258049400005
ER
PT J
AU Sylwester, J
Sylwester, B
Landi, E
Phillips, KJH
Kuznetsov, VD
AF Sylwester, J.
Sylwester, B.
Landi, E.
Phillips, K. J. H.
Kuznetsov, V. D.
TI Determination of K, Ar, Cl, S, Si and Al flare abundances from RESIK
soft X-ray spectra
SO ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE solar physics; X-ray flares; spectroscopy; abundances
ID EMISSION; CHIANTI
AB The RESIK is a high sensitivity, uncollimated bent crystal spectrometer which successfully operated aboard Russian CORONAS-F solar mission between 2001 and 2003. It measured for the first time in a systematic way solar soft X-ray spectra in the four wavelength channels from 3.3 angstrom to 6.1 angstrom. This range includes characteristic strong lines of H- and He-like ions of K, Ar, Cl, Si, S and Al in the respective spectral channels. A distinguishing feature of RESIK is its possibility of making reliable measurements of the continuum radiation in flares. Interpretation of line and the continuum intensities observed in vicinity of respective strong lines provides diagnostics of plasma temperature and absolute abundances of K, Ar, Cl, S, Si and Al in several flares. We analyzed the observed intensities of spectral lines and the nearby continuum using the CHIANTI v5.2 atomic data package. A specific, so-called "locally isothermal" approach has been used in this respect allowing us to make not only flare-averaged abundance estimates, but also to look into a possible variability of plasma composition during the course of flares. (C) 2007 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sylwester, J.; Sylwester, B.] Polish Acad Sci, Space Res Ctr, PL-51622 Wroclaw, Poland.
[Landi, E.] USN, Res Lab, Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA.
[Phillips, K. J. H.] UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, London, England.
[Kuznetsov, V. D.] Russian Acad Sci, IZMIRAN, Troitsk, Russia.
RP Sylwester, J (reprint author), Polish Acad Sci, Space Res Ctr, Ul Kopernika 11, PL-51622 Wroclaw, Poland.
EM js@cbk.pan.wroc.pl
RI Landi, Enrico/H-4493-2011
NR 9
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0273-1177
J9 ADV SPACE RES
JI Adv. Space Res.
PD SEP 1
PY 2008
VL 42
IS 5
BP 838
EP 843
DI 10.1016/j.asr.2007.05.060
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 331YU
UT WOS:000258049400006
ER
PT J
AU Platzer, MF
Jones, KD
Young, J
Lai, JCS
AF Platzer, Max F.
Jones, Kevin D.
Young, John
Lai, Joseph C. S.
TI Flapping-wing aerodynamics: Progress and challenges
SO AIAA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID MICRO AIR VEHICLES; LOW REYNOLDS-NUMBERS; COMPUTATIONAL FLUID-DYNAMICS;
ZERO FREESTREAM VELOCITY; PROPULSIVE EFFICIENCY; THRUST GENERATION;
PLUNGING AIRFOIL; OSCILLATING AIRFOIL; FLOW STRUCTURES; VISCOUS-FLOW
AB It is the objective of this paper to review recent developments in the understanding and prediction of flapping-wing aerodynamics. To this end, several flapping-wing configurations are considered. First, the problem of single flapping wings is treated with special emphasis on the dependence of thrust, lift, and propulsive efficiency on flapping mode, amplitude, frequency, and wing shape. Second, the problem of hovering flight is studied for single flapping wings. Third, the aerodynamic phenomena and benefits produced by the flapping-wing interactions on tandem wings or biplane configurations are discussed. Such interactions occur on dragonflies or on a recently developed micro air vehicle. The currently available two- and three-dimensional inviscid and viscous flapping-wing flow solutions are presented. It is shown that the results are strongly dependent on flapping frequency, amplitude, and Reynolds number. These findings are substantiated by comparison with the available experimental data.
C1 [Platzer, Max F.; Jones, Kevin D.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Young, John] Univ New S Wales, Australian Def Force Acad, Sch Aerosp Civil & Mech Engn, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia.
RP Platzer, MF (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RI Young, John/G-5473-2011;
OI Young, John/0000-0002-8671-990X; Lai, Joseph/0000-0002-8946-9993
FU Australian Partnership for Advanced Computing National Facility
(APAC-NF)
FX Max F. Platzer and Kevin D. Jones gratefully acknowledge the Support of
the Office of Naval Research, Naval Research Laboratory, and the Naval
Postgraduate School Internal Research Program. Platzer is also grateful
for the support of a UNSW @ ADFA Rector Visiting Fellowship to undertake
a portion of this investigation. Navier-Stokes calculations by J. Young
and J. C. S. Lai were performed with the Support of a grant under the
Merit Allocation Scheme of the Australian Partnership for Advanced
Computing National Facility (APAC-NF).
NR 81
TC 126
Z9 134
U1 6
U2 50
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0001-1452
J9 AIAA J
JI AIAA J.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 46
IS 9
BP 2136
EP 2149
DI 10.2514/1.29263
PG 14
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 344JA
UT WOS:000258921500003
ER
PT J
AU Ramamurti, R
Sandberg, W
AF Ramamurti, Ravi
Sandberg, William
TI Computations of insect and fish locomotion with applications to
unconventional unmanned vehicles
SO AIAA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID FLAPPING AQUATIC FLIGHT; AERODYNAMIC MECHANISMS; FLUID-DYNAMICS; BIRD
WRASSE; DROSOPHILA; AIRFOILS; FLOW; FIN
AB Living creatures such as insects, birds, and fish generate lift and thrust most often by executing large-amplitude wing flapping, possibly with substantial shape deformation from root to tip. The flow for these motions is unsteady, and conventional steady-state aerodynamics is unable to correctly compute the time history of their flapping-force generation. Three-dimensional unsteady computations or flapping about the deforming wing or fin surface are necessary to correctly predict the lift and thrust throughout the flapping cycle. It is only by executing such computations for creatures or vehicles with moving and deforming surfaces that we can gain insights into the time-varying pressure distribution on all surfaces and how that results in flapping-force generation. This can be coupled with visualization or the origination and evolution of body, wing, and wake vorticity. Three-dimensional unsteady flow computations of the flapping flights of the fruit fly, a pectoral-fin swimmer (the bird wrasse), and a variety of unmanned air vehicles were carried out in pursuit of this information. The performance of these flapping wings under gust conditions was also investigated. The effect of fin deformation on the force production was studied. Novel biomimetic vehicles, incorporating information gained from these computations, were designed and built and their performance is described.
C1 [Ramamurti, Ravi; Sandberg, William] USN, Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Ramamurti, R (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Code 6410, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
FU Office of Naval Research; U.S. Department of Defense HPC Centers; U.S.
Army Research Laboratory; Major Shared Resource Centers [SGI-O2K, NRL
SGI-O2K]
FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research through the
Tactical Electronic Warfare Division of the Naval Research Laboratory
(NRL). This work was supported in part by it grant of High-Performance
Computing (HPC) Center time from the U.S. Department of Defense HPC
Centers, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Major Shared Resource Centers
SGI-O2K and NRL SGI-O2K. 'File authors Would like to thank Rainald
Lohner of George Mason University and J. Kellogg and B. Ratna of NRL for
their helpful discussions and assistance throughout the course of this
work.
NR 32
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0001-1452
J9 AIAA J
JI AIAA J.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 46
IS 9
BP 2178
EP 2190
DI 10.2514/1.32826
PG 13
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 344JA
UT WOS:000258921500006
ER
PT J
AU Darracq, MA
Vinson, DR
Panacek, EA
AF Darracq, Michael A.
Vinson, David R.
Panacek, Edward A.
TI Preservation of active range of motion after acute elbow trauma predicts
absence of elbow fracture
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID OTTAWA ANKLE RULES; FAT PAD SIGN; PROSPECTIVE VALIDATION; SIGNIFICANT
INJURY; OCCULT FRACTURE; CHILDREN; RADIOGRAPHY
AB Objective: Previous studies indicate that an inability to fully extend the elbow after elbow trauma is indicative of fracture. We hypothesized that maintenance of active range of motion (ROM) of the elbow in flexion, extension, pronation, and supination after elbow trauma is very specific for the absence of fracture or effusion, and limitation of ROM is sensitive for fracture or effusion.
Methods: This was a prospective observational study with convenience sampling of a carefully selected patient population. This would allow certain types of patients to be excluded from the study. Patients with elbow injury receiving radiographs and meeting enrollment criteria were enrolled between June 2006 and March 2007 at 4 emergency departments in the local region. Demographics, active ROM, and presence of point tenderness at the olecranon, epicondyles, and radial head were recorded by enrolling clinicians. All enrolled patients received standard elbow radiographs. Radiographs were reviewed by blinded radiologists for the presence of fracture and effusion. Sensitivity, specificity, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of examination findings were calculated.
Results: One hundred thirteen patients were enrolled. Limitation of active ROM was 100% (95% CI, 0.93- 1.00) sensitive for fracture or effusion. Preservation of active ROM was 97% (95% CI, 0.89-1.00) specific for the absence of fracture. Point tenderness was also highly sensitive but not specific.
Conclusion: Individuals with preservation of active ROM after acute elbow trauma have a very low risk of associated fracture and may not require radiographic studies. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Darracq, Michael A.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Panacek, Edward A.] Univ Calif, Dept Emergency Med, Davis, CA 95824 USA.
[Vinson, David R.] Permanente Med Grp Inc, Dept Emergency Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
RP Darracq, MA (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM michael.darracq@med.navy.mil
OI Vinson, David/0000-0001-6559-1858
NR 13
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 1
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 0735-6757
J9 AM J EMERG MED
JI Am. J. Emerg. Med.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 26
IS 7
BP 779
EP 782
DI 10.1016/j.ajem.2007.11.005
PG 4
WC Emergency Medicine
SC Emergency Medicine
GA 352UF
UT WOS:000259522200008
PM 18774042
ER
PT J
AU Knittel, D
Munn, G
Simmer, E
AF Knittel, Douglas
Munn, Gary
Simmer, Edward
TI Prodromal psychosis as an etiology of suicide - A case report and review
of the literature
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FORENSIC MEDICINE AND PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID PSYCHOLOGICAL AUTOPSY; SCHIZOPHRENIA; PREVENTION; PREDICTION; PHASE
AB Suicides without apparent antecedent causes present great difficulties for medical examiners and families alike. A case is presented of a young male suicide victim whose antemortem course did not demonstrate apparent psychopathology to either his family or fellow Students. A journal written by the decedent was found, however, which revealed extensive ruminations on death, depressive symptomatology, and evidence of possible delusions, and hallucinations. We opine that this represents the prodrome of a psychotic process, possibly schizophrenia, and the decedent's suicide was a response to his awareness of his deteriorating mental status. The prodrome of schizophrenia is a well-described entity that manifests as a decline in social and Occupational functioning, along with increasingly bizarre behavior. Prodromal psychosis could represent an explanation for some cases of suicide seemingly without causation.
C1 [Knittel, Douglas; Munn, Gary; Simmer, Edward] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
[Knittel, Douglas] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
RP Munn, G (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
EM gary.munn@med.navy.mil
NR 20
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 3
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0195-7910
J9 AM J FOREN MED PATH
JI Am. J. Forensic Med. Pathol.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 29
IS 3
BP 238
EP 241
DI 10.1097/PAF.0b013e3181834540
PG 4
WC Medicine, Legal; Pathology
SC Legal Medicine; Pathology
GA 341QN
UT WOS:000258729800009
PM 18725779
ER
PT J
AU Acosta, R
Riddle, M
Veerappan, G
May, E
Cash, B
AF Acosta, Ruben
Riddle, Mark
Veerappan, Ganesh
May, Evan
Cash, Brooks
TI Miss rates of findings on colonoscopy after computed tomographic
colonography (CTC): Correlation with polyp histology
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 73rd Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroenterology
CY OCT 03-08, 2008
CL Orlando, FL
SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol
C1 Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA.
Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
USN, Med Res Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RI Riddle, Mark/A-8029-2011
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 0002-9270
J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL
JI Am. J. Gastroenterol.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 103
SU S
MA 1384
BP S542
EP S543
PG 2
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA 347MH
UT WOS:000259145201372
ER
PT J
AU Nowrouzzadeh, F
Lawson, R
Keller, D
Albrecht, D
Rodriguez, B
Snitchler, A
Schafer, T
Dow, N
Kurland, J
AF Nowrouzzadeh, Farzad
Lawson, Robert
Keller, Darren
Albrecht, Dan
Rodriguez, Benjamin
Snitchler, Andrea
Schafer, Theodore
Dow, Nancy
Kurland, Jayde
TI Primary stomach and colon signet ring cell carcinoma immunohistochemical
staining patterns using CDX2, MUC2 and Muc6
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 73rd Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroenterology
CY OCT 03-08, 2008
CL Orlando, FL
SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol
C1 Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Dept Gastroenterol, Bethesda, MD USA.
Naval Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Pensacola, FL USA.
Naval Hosp, Dept Gastroenterol, San Diego, CA USA.
Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Div Gastrointestinal Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA.
Naval Hop, Dept Anat Pathol, San Diego, CA USA.
Naval Hosp, DMS, San Diego, CA USA.
Naval Hosp, Director Clin Support Serv, Dept Internal Med, Portsmouth, VA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 0002-9270
J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL
JI Am. J. Gastroenterol.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 103
SU S
MA 1036
BP S405
EP S406
PG 2
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA 347MH
UT WOS:000259145201028
ER
PT J
AU Bondy, P
Grant, T
AF Bondy, Peter
Grant, Thomas
TI Lemierre's syndrome: What are the roles for anticoagulation and
long-term antibiotic therapy?
SO ANNALS OF OTOLOGY RHINOLOGY AND LARYNGOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE antibiotics; anticoagulation; syndrome; thrombosis
ID THROMBOPHLEBITIS; THROMBOSIS
AB Objectives: We wanted to describe what Lemierre's syndrome is and what risk factors may be involved, and to understand the roles, if any, of antibiotics and anticoagulants in the treatment of this syndrome.
Methods: We performed a review of the pertinent literature regarding Lemierre's syndrome, as well as a review of otology, obstetrics and gynecology, and internal medicine literature looking at both anticoagulation and long-term antibiotic treatment for septic thrombosis.
Results: The vast majority of patients with Lemierre's syndrome are successfully treated nonsurgically with antibiotics and, often, anticoagulation as well. Surgical intervention is reserved for those cases with persistent showering of septic emboli or continued propagation of the thrombosis. Although anticoagulation is commonly used in other specialties for similar septic thromboses, its role in Lemierre's syndrome is unclear at the present.
Conclusions: Because Lemierre's syndrome is so rare, it is difficult to ascertain absolutely the need for either anticoagulation or long-term antibiotic therapy. At this time, the risks and benefits of providing either therapy must be weighed against the potential complications of incompletely treating septic thrombosis.
C1 [Bondy, Peter; Grant, Thomas] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
RP Bondy, P (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, 27 Effingham St, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
NR 10
TC 35
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 1
PU ANNALS PUBL CO
PI ST LOUIS
PA 4507 LACLEDE AVE, ST LOUIS, MO 63108 USA
SN 0003-4894
J9 ANN OTO RHINOL LARYN
JI Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 117
IS 9
BP 679
EP 683
PN 1
PG 5
WC Otorhinolaryngology
SC Otorhinolaryngology
GA 352MR
UT WOS:000259501800009
PM 18834071
ER
PT J
AU Evans, NR
Schaefer, GH
Bond, HE
Bono, G
Karovska, M
Nelan, E
Sasselov, D
Mason, BD
AF Evans, Nancy Remage
Schaefer, Gail H.
Bond, Howard E.
Bono, Giuseppe
Karovska, Margarita
Nelan, Edmund
Sasselov, Dimitar
Mason, Brian D.
TI Direct detection of the close companion of polaris with the hubble space
telescope
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE astrometry; binaries : visual; Cepheids; stars : fundamental parameters;
stars : individual (Polaris)
ID GALACTIC-CEPHEIDS; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; CLASSICAL CEPHEIDS; EXTENDED
ENVELOPES; STELLAR EVOLUTION; MASS DISCREPANCY; BUMP CEPHEIDS;
DELTA-CEPHEI; STAR MODELS; PULSATION
AB Polaris, the nearest and brightest classical Cepheid, is a single-lined spectroscopic binary with an orbital period of 30 yr. Using the High Resolution Channel of the Advanced Camera for Surveys on board the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) at a wavelength of similar to 2255 angstrom, we have directly detected the faint companion at a separation of 0 ''.17. A second HST observation 1.04 yr later confirms orbitalmotion in a retrograde direction. By combining our two measures with the spectroscopic orbit of Kamper and an analysis of the Hipparcos and FK5 proper motions by Wielen et al., we find a mass for Polaris Aa of 4.5(-1.4)(+2.2)M(circle dot) -the first purely dynamical mass determined for any Cepheid. For the faint companion Polaris Ab we find a dynamical mass of 1.26(-0.07)(+0.14)M(circle dot), consistent with an inferred spectral type of F6 V and with a flux difference of 5.4 mag observed at 2255 angstrom. The magnitude difference at the V band is estimated to be 7.2 mag. Continued HST observations will significantly reduce the mass errors, which are currently still too large to provide critical constraints on the roles of convective overshoot, mass loss, rotation, and opacities in the evolution of intermediate-mass stars. Our astrometry, combined with two centuries of archival measurements, also confirms that the well-known, more distant (18 '') visual companion, Polaris B, has a nearly common proper motion with that of the Aa, Ab pair. This is consistent with orbital motion in a long-period bound system. The ultraviolet brightness of Polaris B is in accordance with its known F3 V spectral type if it has the same distance as Polaris Aa, Ab.
C1 [Evans, Nancy Remage; Karovska, Margarita] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Schaefer, Gail H.; Bond, Howard E.; Nelan, Edmund] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Bono, Giuseppe] Osserv Astron Roma, INAF, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy.
[Bono, Giuseppe] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Sasselov, Dimitar] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Mason, Brian D.] USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA.
RP Evans, NR (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM nevans@cfa.harvard.edu; schaefer@chara-array.org; bond@stsci.edu;
bono@mporzio.astro.it; nelan@stsci.edu; bdm@usno.navy.mil
FU STScI [GO-10593, GO-10891, GO- 11293]; Chandra X-Ray Center NASA
[NAS8-03060]
FX We are happy to acknowledge financial support from STScI grants
GO-10593, GO-10891, and GO- 11293 (N.R. E. and H. E. B.), and Chandra
X-Ray Center NASA Contract NAS8-03060 (N. R. E. and M. K.). This
research has made use of the Washington Double Star Catalog maintained
at the U. S. Naval Observatory. The contributions of the late Karl
Kamper to the study of Polaris were crucial to this work.
NR 43
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 136
IS 3
BP 1137
EP 1146
DI 10.1088/0004-6256/136/3/1137
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 338AS
UT WOS:000258477800022
ER
PT J
AU Susino, R
Ventura, R
Spadaro, D
Vourlidas, A
Landi, E
AF Susino, R.
Ventura, R.
Spadaro, D.
Vourlidas, A.
Landi, E.
TI Physical parameters along the boundaries of a mid-latitude streamer and
in its adjacent regions
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun : corona; Sun : solar wind; Sun : UV radiation
ID ULTRAVIOLET CORONAGRAPH SPECTROMETER; ANISOTROPIC VELOCITY
DISTRIBUTIONS; SOLAR MINIMUM CORONA; LYMAN-ALPHA; OUTFLOW VELOCITY;
ELECTRON-DENSITY; SLOW WIND; UVCS/SOHO; IONS; ACCELERATION
AB Context. Coronal streamers appear to be strictly associated with the generation of the slow solar wind, even if a firm identification of the sources of the particle flux within these structures is still an unresolved issue.
Aims. The purpose of this work is to contribute to a better knowledge of the physical characteristics of streamers and of their surroundings in a wide range of heliocentric distances and at both high radial and latitudinal resolutions.
Methods. The analysis is based on spectral observations of a narrow, mid-latitude streamer performed with UVCS/ SOHO during one week in May 2004: H I Ly alpha and O VI resonance doublet line intensities and profiles were obtained at different heliocentric distances and latitudes. In addition, white-light polarized brightness images were taken in the same days of observation, through the LASCO/SOHO C2 coronagraph.
Results. The radial variations in electron density and temperature, H I and O VI kinetic temperatures, and outflow velocities were derived from the observed line intensities, profiles, and O VI line intensity ratios between 1.6 and 5.0 R(circle dot), in two regions, 2-3 arcmin wide, located along the boundaries and in a narrow strip (5-10 arcmin) outside the streamer structure. Significantly high kinetic temperatures and outflow velocities were found in the out-of-streamer region above 3.0 R(circle dot) for the O VI ions and, for the first time, H I atoms, compared to those obtained along the streamer boundaries. Moreover, the O VI kinetic temperatures and velocities turn out much higher than the H I ones at any heliocentric distance in all the observed regions. A higher anisotropy is also noticed for the O VI kinetic temperature in the region flanking the streamer.
Conclusions. The slow coronal wind is found to flow with significantly different speeds and kinetic temperatures along the boundaries of the streamer and in the out-of-streamer regions at all heights, above 3.0-3.5 R(circle dot). This fact, consistent with previous studies, indicates that two components of slow wind probably form in the observed regions: one originates just above the streamer cusp and flows with velocities a little higher than 100 km s(-1), while the other flows along the open magnetic field lines flanking the streamer with velocities slightly lower than the slow wind asymptotic heliospheric value of similar to 400 km s(-1), around 5.0 R(circle dot).
C1 [Susino, R.] Univ Catania, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Sez Astrofis, I-95123 Catania, Italy.
[Ventura, R.; Spadaro, D.] Osserv Astrofis Catania, INAF, I-95123 Catania, Italy.
[Vourlidas, A.; Landi, E.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Susino, R (reprint author), Univ Catania, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Sez Astrofis, Via S Sofia 78, I-95123 Catania, Italy.
EM sur@oact.inaf.it; rve@oact.inaf.it; dspadaro@oact.inaf.it;
vourlidas@nrl.navy.mil; landi@nrl.navy.mil
RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009; Landi, Enrico/H-4493-2011; Ventura,
Rita/B-7524-2016;
OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948; Ventura,
Rita/0000-0002-5152-0482; Susino, Roberto/0000-0002-1017-7163; Spadaro,
Daniele/0000-0003-3517-8688
FU Agenzia Spaziale Italiana [I/035/05/0]; European Commission
[MTRN-CT-2006035484]
FX The authors wish to thank Y.-K. Ko for her assistance during UVCS/SOHO
observations carried out at NASA GSFC, and R. Suleiman for his help in
the preliminary reduction of the UVCS raw data. They also thank the
referee for providing very useful comments. This work was supported in
part by the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (contract I/035/05/0). Financial
support by the European Commission through the SOLAIRE Network
(MTRN-CT-2006035484) is also gratefully acknowledged. The work of E.
Landi is supported by NASA grants.
NR 38
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 3
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 488
IS 1
BP 303
EP 310
DI 10.1051/0004-6361:200809713
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 340NL
UT WOS:000258652200037
ER
PT J
AU Vuissoz, C
Courbin, F
Sluse, D
Meylan, G
Chantry, V
Eulaers, E
Morgan, C
Eyler, ME
Kochanek, CS
Coles, J
Saha, P
Magain, P
Falco, EE
AF Vuissoz, C.
Courbin, F.
Sluse, D.
Meylan, G.
Chantry, V.
Eulaers, E.
Morgan, C.
Eyler, M. E.
Kochanek, C. S.
Coles, J.
Saha, P.
Magain, P.
Falco, E. E.
TI COSMOGRAIL: the COSmological MOnitoring of GRAvItational lenses - VII.
Time delays and the Hubble constant from WFI J2033-4723
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE gravitational lensing; cosmology : cosmological parameters; quasars :
individual : WFI J2033-4723
ID LENSING GALAXIES; QUASAR; DECONVOLUTION; REDSHIFT; CURVES; IMAGES; RING
AB Gravitationally lensed quasars can be used to map the mass distribution in lensing galaxies and to estimate the Hubble constant H(0) by measuring the time delays between the quasar images. Here we report the measurement of two independent time delays in the quadruply imaged quasar WFI J2033-4723 (z = 1.66). Our data consist of R-band images obtained with the Swiss 1.2 m EULER telescope located at La Silla and with the 1.3 m SMARTS telescope located at Cerro Tololo. The light curves have 218 independent epochs spanning 3 full years of monitoring between March 2004 and May 2007, with a mean temporal sampling of one observation every 4th day. We measure the time delays using three different techniques, and we obtain Delta t(B-A) = 35.5 +/- 1.4 days (3.8%) and Delta t(B-C) = 62.6(-2.3)(+4.1) days ((+6.5%)(-3.7%)), where A is a composite of the close, merging image pair. After correcting for the time delays, we find R-band flux ratios of F(A)/F(B) = 2.88 +/- 0.04, F(A)/F(C) = 3.38 +/- 0.06, and F(A1)/F(A2) = 1.37 +/- 0.05 with no evidence for microlensing variability over a time scale of three years. However, these flux ratios do not agree with those measured in the quasar emission lines, suggesting that longer term microlensing is present. Our estimate of H(0) agrees with the concordance value: non-parametric modeling of the lensing galaxy predicts H(0) = 67(-10)(+13) km s(-1) Mpc(-1), while the Single Isothermal Sphere model yields H(0) = 63(-3)(+7) km s(-1) Mpc(-1) (68% confidence level). More complex lens models using a composite de Vaucouleurs plus NFW galaxy mass profile show twisting of the mass isocontours in the lensing galaxy, as do the non-parametric models. As all models also require a significant external shear, this suggests that the lens is a member of the group of galaxies seen in field of view of WFI J2033-4723.
C1 [Vuissoz, C.; Courbin, F.; Sluse, D.; Meylan, G.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Observ Sauverny, Astrophys Lab, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland.
[Chantry, V.; Eulaers, E.; Magain, P.] Univ Liege, Inst Astrophys & Geophys, B-4000 Liege, Belgium.
[Morgan, C.; Kochanek, C. S.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Morgan, C.; Kochanek, C. S.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Morgan, C.; Eyler, M. E.] USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Coles, J.; Saha, P.] Univ Zurich, Inst Theoret Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Falco, E. E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Vuissoz, C (reprint author), Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Observ Sauverny, Astrophys Lab, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland.
EM christel.vuissoz@epfl.ch
FU ESA; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office [PRODEX 90195]; National
Science Foundation [AST-0708082]; Swiss National Science Foundation
(SNSF)
FX a We would like to thank all the observers at the EULER telescope for
the acquisition of these monitoring data. We also thank Profs. G. Burki
and M. Mayor for their help in the flexible scheduling of the observing
runs, improving the necessary regular temporal sampling. We are very
grateful to Prof. A. Blecha and the technical team of the Geneva
Observatory for their efficient help with the electronics of the CCD
camera. Many thanks also to Sandrine Sohy for her commitment in the
programming part of the deconvolution techniques. Finally, we would like
to thank Chuck Keeton for his advice on the use of LENSMODEL. This work
is supported by ESA and the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office under
contract PRODEX 90195. C. S. K. is funded by National Science Foundation
grant AST-0708082. COSMOGRAIL is financially supported by the Swiss
National Science Foundation (SNSF).
NR 36
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 2
U2 6
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 488
IS 2
BP 481
EP 490
DI 10.1051/0004-6361:200809866
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 342BT
UT WOS:000258760300015
ER
PT J
AU Tremblay, SE
Taylor, GB
Helmboldt, JF
Fassnacht, CD
Pearson, TJ
AF Tremblay, S. E.
Taylor, G. B.
Helmboldt, J. F.
Fassnacht, C. D.
Pearson, T. J.
TI A shrinking compact symmetric object: J11584+2450?
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : active; galaxies : evolution; galaxies : individual
(J11584+2450); galaxies : jets; galaxies : nuclei; radio continuum :
galaxies
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SPECTRUM RADIO-SOURCES; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY;
STEEP-SPECTRUM; DATA RELEASE; AGES; POLARIMETRY; QUASARS; SCALE; GHZ
AB We present multifrequency, multiepoch, Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) observations of J11584+2450. These observations clearly show this source, previously classified as a core jet, to be a compact symmetric object (CSO). Comparisons between these new data and data taken over the last 11 years shows the edge-brightened hot spots retreating toward the core (and slightly to the west) at approximately 0.3c. Whether this motion is strictly apparent or actually physical in nature is discussed, as well as possible explanations, and what implications a physical contraction of J11584+2450 would have for current CSO models.
C1 [Tremblay, S. E.; Taylor, G. B.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Taylor, G. B.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
[Helmboldt, J. F.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Fassnacht, C. D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Pearson, T. J.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Tremblay, SE (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
EM tremblay@unm.edu; gbtaylor@unm.edu; joe.helmboldt@nrl.navy.mil;
fassnacht@solid.physics.ucdavis.edu; tjp@astro.caltech.edu
RI Helmboldt, Joseph/C-8105-2012; Tremblay, Steven/C-1617-2013; Pearson,
Timothy/N-2376-2015
OI Pearson, Timothy/0000-0001-5213-6231
NR 24
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD SEP 1
PY 2008
VL 684
IS 1
BP 153
EP 159
DI 10.1086/590377
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 341QV
UT WOS:000258730700011
ER
PT J
AU Ivezic, Z
Sesar, B
Juric, M
Bond, N
Dalcanton, J
Rockosi, CM
Yanny, B
Newberg, HJ
Beers, TC
Prieto, CA
Wilhelm, R
Lee, YS
Sivarani, T
Norris, JE
Bailer-Jones, CAL
Fiorentin, PR
Schlegel, D
Uomoto, A
Lupton, RH
Knapp, GR
Gunn, JE
Covey, KR
Smith, JA
Miknaitis, G
Doi, M
Tanaka, M
Fukugita, M
Kent, S
Finkbeiner, D
Munn, JA
Pier, JR
Quinn, T
Hawley, S
Anderson, S
Kiuchi, F
Chen, A
Bushong, J
Sohi, H
Haggard, D
Kimball, A
Barentine, J
Brewington, H
Harvanek, M
Kleinman, S
Krzesinski, J
Long, D
Nitta, A
Snedden, S
Lee, B
Harris, H
Brinkmann, J
Schneider, DP
York, DG
AF Ivezic, Zeljko
Sesar, Branimir
Juric, Mario
Bond, Nicholas
Dalcanton, Julianne
Rockosi, Constance M.
Yanny, Brian
Newberg, Heidi J.
Beers, Timothy C.
Prieto, Carlos Allende
Wilhelm, Ron
Lee, Young Sun
Sivarani, Thirupathi
Norris, John E.
Bailer-Jones, Coryn A. L.
Fiorentin, Paola Re
Schlegel, David
Uomoto, Alan
Lupton, Robert H.
Knapp, Gillian R.
Gunn, James E.
Covey, Kevin R.
Smith, J. Allyn
Miknaitis, Gajus
Doi, Mamoru
Tanaka, Masayuki
Fukugita, Masataka
Kent, Steve
Finkbeiner, Douglas
Munn, Jeffrey A.
Pier, Jeffrey R.
Quinn, Tom
Hawley, Suzanne
Anderson, Scott
Kiuchi, Furea
Chen, Alex
Bushong, James
Sohi, Harkirat
Haggard, Daryl
Kimball, Amy
Barentine, John
Brewington, Howard
Harvanek, Mike
Kleinman, Scott
Krzesinski, Jurek
Long, Dan
Nitta, Atsuko
Snedden, Stephanie
Lee, Brian
Harris, Hugh
Brinkmann, Jonathan
Schneider, Donald P.
York, Donald G.
TI The milky way tomography with SDSS. II. Stellar metallicity
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE Galaxy : halo; Galaxy : kinematics and dynamics; Galaxy : stellar
content; Galaxy : structure; methods : data analysis; stars : statistics
ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SPECTROSCOPIC TARGET SELECTION; DARK-MATTER
UNIVERSE; METAL-POOR STARS; GALACTIC LATITUDE STRUCTURES; SURVEY
PHOTOMETRIC SYSTEM; SYNOPTIC SURVEY TELESCOPE; SURVEY COMMISSIONING
DATA; RADIAL-VELOCITY SURVEY; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS
AB Using effective temperature and metallicity derived from SDSS spectra for similar to 60,000 F- and G-type main-sequence stars (0.2 < g - r < 0.6), we develop polynomial models for estimating these parameters from the SDSS u - g and g - r colors. These photometric estimates have similar error properties as those determined from SDSS spectra. We apply this method to SDSS photometric data for over 2 million F/G stars and measure the unbiased metallicity distribution for a complete volume-limited sample of stars at distances between 500 pc and 8 kpc. The metallicity distribution can be exquisitely modeled using two components with a spatially varying number ratio, which correspond to disk and halo. The two components also possess the kinematics expected for disk and halo stars. The metallicity of the halo component is spatially invariant, while the median disk metallicity smoothly decreases with distance from the Galactic plane from -0.6 at 500 pc to -0.8 beyond several kiloparsecs. The absence of a correlation between metallicity and kinematics for disk stars is in a conflict with the traditional decomposition in terms of thin and thick disks. We detect coherent substructures in the kinematics-metallicity space, such as the Monoceros stream, which rotates faster than the LSR, and has a median metallicity of [Fe/H] = -0.95, with an rms scatter of only similar to 0.15 dex. We extrapolate our results to the performance expected from the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) and estimate that LSST will obtain metallicity measurements accurate to 0.2 dex or better, with proper-motion measurements accurate to similar to 0.5 mas yr(-1), for about 200 million F/G dwarf stars within a distance limit of similar to 100 kpc (g < 23.5).
C1 [Ivezic, Zeljko; Sesar, Branimir; Dalcanton, Julianne; Quinn, Tom; Hawley, Suzanne; Anderson, Scott; Kiuchi, Furea; Chen, Alex; Bushong, James; Sohi, Harkirat; Haggard, Daryl; Kimball, Amy] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Juric, Mario] Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Bond, Nicholas; Lupton, Robert H.; Knapp, Gillian R.; Gunn, James E.] Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Rockosi, Constance M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Yanny, Brian; Miknaitis, Gajus; Kent, Steve] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Newberg, Heidi J.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
[Beers, Timothy C.; Lee, Young Sun; Sivarani, Thirupathi] Michigan State Univ, CSCE, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Lee, Young Sun; Sivarani, Thirupathi] Michigan State Univ, JINA, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Prieto, Carlos Allende] Univ Texas Austin, McDonald Observ, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Prieto, Carlos Allende] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Wilhelm, Ron] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Norris, John E.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia.
[Bailer-Jones, Coryn A. L.; Fiorentin, Paola Re] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Fiorentin, Paola Re] Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
[Schlegel, David; Lee, Brian] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Uomoto, Alan] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Covey, Kevin R.; Finkbeiner, Douglas] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Smith, J. Allyn] Austin Peay State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clarksville, TN 37044 USA.
[Doi, Mamoru] Univ Tokyo, Inst Astron, Tokyo 1810015, Japan.
[Tanaka, Masayuki] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
[Fukugita, Masataka] Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Chiba, Japan.
[Munn, Jeffrey A.; Pier, Jeffrey R.; Harris, Hugh] USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA.
[Barentine, John; Brewington, Howard; Harvanek, Mike; Kleinman, Scott; Krzesinski, Jurek; Long, Dan; Nitta, Atsuko; Snedden, Stephanie; Brinkmann, Jonathan] Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA.
[Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[York, Donald G.] Univ Chicago, Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[York, Donald G.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RP Ivezic, Z (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
OI Covey, Kevin/0000-0001-6914-7797
NR 138
TC 307
Z9 310
U1 1
U2 14
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD SEP 1
PY 2008
VL 684
IS 1
BP 287
EP 325
DI 10.1086/589678
PG 39
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 341QV
UT WOS:000258730700022
ER
PT J
AU Rakowski, CE
Laming, JM
Ghavamian, P
AF Rakowski, Cara E.
Laming, J. Martin
Ghavamian, Parviz
TI The heating of thermal electrons in fast collisionless shocks: The
integral role of cosmic rays
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmic rays; shock waves; supernova remnants
ID SUPERNOVAE REMNANT SHOCKS; BALMER-DOMINATED SHOCKS;
LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; MAGNETIC-FIELD;
CASSIOPEIA-A; MACH NUMBER; TEMPERATURE EQUILIBRATION; NONLINEAR
AMPLIFICATION; BLAST WAVES
AB Understanding the heating of electrons to quasi-thermal energies at collisionless shocks has broad implications for plasma astrophysics. It directly impacts the interpretation of X-ray spectra from shocks, is important for understanding howenergy is partitioned between the thermal and cosmic-ray populations, and provides insight into the structure of the shock itself. In previous work by Ghavamian et al. we presented observational evidence for an inverse-square relation between the electron-to-proton temperature ratio and the shock speed at the outer blast waves of supernova remnants in partially neutral interstellar gas. There we outlined how lower hybrid waves generated in the cosmic-ray precursor could produce such a relationship by heating the electrons to a common temperature independent of both shock speed and the strength of the ambient magnetic field. Here we explore the mechanism of lower hybrid wave heating of electrons in more detail. Specifically, we examine the growth rate of the lower hybrid waves for both the kinetic (resonant) and reactive cases. We find that only the kinetic case exhibits a growing mode. At low Alfven Mach numbers the growth of lower hybrid waves can be faster than the magnetic field amplification by modified Alfven waves.
C1 [Rakowski, Cara E.] USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Ghavamian, Parviz] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RP Rakowski, CE (reprint author), USN, Div Space Sci, Res Lab, Code 7674R, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 49
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD SEP 1
PY 2008
VL 684
IS 1
BP 348
EP 357
DI 10.1086/590245
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 341QV
UT WOS:000258730700024
ER
PT J
AU Dermer, CD
AF Dermer, Charles D.
TI Nonthermal synchrotron radiation from gamma-ray burst external shocks
and the X-ray flares observed with Swift
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE gamma rays : bursts; hydrodynamics; radiation mechanisms : nonthermal;
relativity
ID RELATIVISTIC BLAST WAVES; PULSE-WIDTH EVOLUTION; INTERNAL SHOCKS; LIGHT
CURVES; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; ENGINE ACTIVITY; THEORETICAL IMPLICATIONS;
PHYSICAL PARAMETERS; AFTERGLOW EMISSION; TEMPORAL STRUCTURE
AB An analysis of the interaction between a spherical relativistic blast-wave shell and a stationary cloud with a spherical cap geometry is performed assuming that the cloud width Delta(cl) << x, where x is the distance of the cloud from the gamma-ray burst (GRB) explosion center. The interaction is divided into three phases: (1) a collision phase with both forward and reverse shocks; (2) a penetration phase when either the reverse shock has crossed the shell while the forward shock continues to cross the cloud, or vice versa; and (3) an expansion phase when, both shocks having crossed the cloud and shell, the shocked fluid expands. Temporally evolving spectral energy distributions (SEDs) are calculated for the problem of the interaction of a blast-wave shell with clouds that subtend large and small angles compared with the Doppler (-cone) angle theta(0) =1/Gamma(0), where Gamma(0) is the coasting Lorentz factor. The Lorentz factor evolution of the shell/cloud collision is treated in the adiabatic limit. The behavior of the light curves and SEDs on, e. g., Gamma(0), shell-width parameter eta, where Delta(0) vertical bar eta(x)/Gamma(2)(0) is the blast-wave shell width, and properties and locations of the cloud is examined. Short-timescale variability in GRB light curves, including similar to 100 keV gamma-ray pulses observed with BATSE and delayed similar to 1 keV X-ray flares found with Swift, can be explained by emissions from an external shock formed by the GRB blast wave colliding with small density inhomogeneities in the "frozen-pulse" approximation (eta -> 0), and perhaps in the thin-shell approximation (eta approximate to 1/Gamma(0)), but not when eta approximate to 1. If the frozen-pulse approximation is valid, then external shock processes could make the dominant prompt and afterglow emissions in GRB light curves consistent with short-delay two-step collapse models for GRBs.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Dermer, CD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7653,4555 Overlook SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM charles.dermer@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research; GLAST Interdisciplinary Science Investigator
[DPR S-13756G]; Swift Guest Investigator
FX I would like to thank A. Atoyan, D. Band, M. Bottcher, C. Fryer, M.
Gonzalez, J. Granot, E. Nakar, E. Ramirez-Ruiz, and B. Zhang for
discussions. I acknowledge very important points made by the referee of
this paper. I would also like to thank Kurt Mitman for the use of the
numerical simulation code that we developed to study this problem and to
thank Alessandro Drago for his visit. This work was supported by the
Office of Naval Research. I gratefully acknowledge GLAST
Interdisciplinary Science Investigator grant DPR S-13756G and Swift
Guest Investigator grants, without which this research would not be
possible.
NR 101
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD SEP 1
PY 2008
VL 684
IS 1
BP 430
EP 448
DI 10.1086/589730
PG 19
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 341QV
UT WOS:000258730700031
ER
PT J
AU Feldman, U
Ralchenko, Y
Landi, E
AF Feldman, Uri
Ralchenko, Yuri
Landi, Enrico
TI Nonthermal electron measurements in solar flares with Hinode EIS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE line : formation; Sun : corona; Sun : UV radiation
ID ATOMIC DATABASE; EMISSION-LINES; MISSION; DIAGNOSTICS; ABUNDANCES;
TELESCOPE; PLASMAS; CHIANTI; REGION; CORONA
AB The spectral range of the Hinode EIS (EUV Imaging Spectrometer) instrument is 170-211 angstrom and 245-291 angstrom; lines emitted by low-energy levels in highly ionized Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni, as well as the very energetic 1s2s S-3(1)-1s2p P-3(2) transition in Fe xxv, appear in the EIS range. In this paper, we investigate the use of these lines for detecting the presence of nonthermal, high-energy electrons in flares. We first calculate line fluxes among the various lines expected in the EIS range, assuming that the electron velocity distribution is strictly Maxwellian. Then, we calculate line fluxes using a velocity distribution composed of a Maxwellian distribution plus an additional population of electrons with a temperature of 10 keV (1.2 x 10(8) K) providing 1%, 2%, 4%, 7%, and 10% of the total free electrons. The calculations indicate that flux ratios between the highly excited Fe xxv line and lines originating in low-lying levels of other highly ionized ions in the EIS range could shed light on the electron velocity distribution in hot flare plasmas.
C1 [Feldman, Uri; Landi, Enrico] USN, Artep Inc, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Ralchenko, Yuri] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Atom Phys Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Feldman, U (reprint author), USN, Artep Inc, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RI Ralchenko, Yuri/B-7687-2011; Landi, Enrico/H-4493-2011; Ralchenko,
Yuri/E-9297-2016
OI Ralchenko, Yuri/0000-0003-0083-9554
FU NASA [NNG06EA14I, NNH06CD24C]; US Department of Energy
FX The work of E. L. is supported by the NNG06EA14I, NNH06CD24C, and other
NASA grants. The work of Y. R. is supported in part by the Office of
Fusion Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy. Hinode is a
Japanese mission developed and launched by ISAS/JAXA, with NAOJ as
domestic partner, and NASA and STFC (UK) as international partners. It
is operated by these agencies in cooperation with ESA and NSC (Norway).
NR 25
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD SEP 1
PY 2008
VL 684
IS 1
BP 707
EP 714
DI 10.1086/589733
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 341QV
UT WOS:000258730700053
ER
PT J
AU Chu, PC
Chen, YC
Lu, SH
AF Chu, Peter C.
Chen, Yuchun
Lu, Shihua
TI Atmospheric effects on winter SO2 pollution in Lanzhou, China
SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Joint Conference of the 3rd International Symposium on Air Quality
Management at Urban, Regional and Global Scales/14th IUAPPA Regional
Conference
CY SEP 26-30, 2005
CL Istanbul, TURKEY
SP Int Union Air Pollut Prevent & Environm Protect Assoc
DE SO2 concentration; RAMS-HYPACT; air pollution index; stable
stratification; inversion
ID MODEL
AB Lanzhou is one of the most polluted cities in China. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentrations have shown evident seasonal variability. Pollution was generally within the second-level criterion (< 0.15 mg m(-3)) in spring, summer, and fall but was much higher than the second-level criterion and sometimes reaches mid-level pollution (API>200) in winter. Meteorological conditions (low winds, stable stratification) were found to be important for SO2 pollution. Observational and modeling studies conducted in the present study showed a close connection between static stability and SO2 pollution in Lanzhou, China, during winter. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chu, Peter C.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Naval Ocean Atmospher Predict Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
[Chen, Yuchun; Lu, Shihua] Chinese Acad Sci, Cold & Arid Reg Environm & Engn Res Inst, Lanzhou, Peoples R China.
RP Chu, PC (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Naval Ocean Atmospher Predict Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
EM pcchu@nps.edu
NR 13
TC 16
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0169-8095
J9 ATMOS RES
JI Atmos. Res.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 89
IS 4
BP 365
EP 373
DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2008.03.008
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 352FH
UT WOS:000259480600009
ER
PT J
AU Medintz, IL
Pons, T
Delehanty, JB
Susumu, K
Brunel, FM
Dawson, PE
Mattoussi, H
AF Medintz, Igor L.
Pons, Thomas
Delehanty, James B.
Susumu, Kimihiro
Brunel, Florence M.
Dawson, Philip E.
Mattoussi, Hedi
TI Intracellular delivery of quantum dot-protein cargos mediated by cell
penetrating peptides
SO BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; LIVING CELLS; TAT
PEPTIDE; LIVE CELLS; DRUG-DELIVERY; LONG-TERM; TRACKING;
NANOCRYSTALLITES; NANOPARTICLES
AB We utilize cell penetrating peptide functionalized QDs as specific vectors for the intracellular delivery of model fluorescent protein cargos. Multiple copies of two structurally diverse fluorescent proteins, the 27 kDa monomeric yellow fluorescent protein and the 240 kDa multichromophore b-phycoerythrin complex, were attached to QDs using either metal-affinity driven self-assembly or biotin-Streptavidin binding, respectively. Cellular uptake of these complexes was found to depend on the additional presence of cell-penetrating peptides within the QD-protein conjugates. Once inside the cells, the QD conjugates were mostly distributed within endolysosomal compartments, indicating that intracellular delivery of both QD assemblies was primarily driven by endocytotic uptake. Cellular microinjection of QD-fluorescent protein assemblies was also utilized as an alternate delivery strategy that could bypass the endocytic pathway. Simultaneous signals from both the QDs and the fluorescent proteins allowed verification of their colocalization and conjugate integrity upon delivery inside live cells. Due to their intrinsic fluorescence properties, this class of proteins provides a unique tool to test the ability of QDs functionalized with cell penetrating peptides to mediate the intracellular delivery of both small and large size protein cargos. Use of QD-peptide/fluorescent protein vectors may make powerful tools for understanding the mechanisms of nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery.
C1 [Medintz, Igor L.; Delehanty, James B.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr BioMol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Pons, Thomas; Susumu, Kimihiro; Mattoussi, Hedi] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Brunel, Florence M.; Dawson, Philip E.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Brunel, Florence M.; Dawson, Philip E.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Chem, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Brunel, Florence M.; Dawson, Philip E.] Scripps Res Inst, Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Medintz, IL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr BioMol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM hedi.mattoussi@nrl.navy.mil
RI Pons, Thomas/A-8667-2008
OI Pons, Thomas/0000-0001-8800-4302
FU CB Directorate/Physical S&T Division (DTRA; ONR; NRL; NRL-NSI; Fondation
pour la Recherche Medicale (France)
FX The authors acknowledge Stephen Lee and Ilya Elashvilli of the CB
Directorate/Physical S&T Division (DTRA), ONR, NRL, and the NRL-NSI for
financial support. T.P. acknowledges a postdoctoral fellowship from the
Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale (France).
NR 63
TC 108
Z9 109
U1 2
U2 49
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1043-1802
J9 BIOCONJUGATE CHEM
JI Bioconjugate Chem.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 19
IS 9
BP 1785
EP 1795
DI 10.1021/bc800089r
PG 11
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology;
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Organic
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 350MZ
UT WOS:000259358000007
PM 18681468
ER
PT J
AU Jolluck, KR
AF Jolluck, Katherine R.
TI They Called Me Mayer July: Painted Memories of a Jewish Childhood in
Poland Before the Holocaust
SO BIOGRAPHY-AN INTERDISCIPLINARY QUARTERLY
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Jolluck, Katherine R.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[Jolluck, Katherine R.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Jolluck, KR (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Hist, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV HAWAII PRESS
PI HONOLULU
PA 2840 KOLOWALU ST, HONOLULU, HI 96822 USA
SN 0162-4962
J9 BIOGRAPHY
JI Biography-Interdiscip. Q.
PD FAL
PY 2008
VL 31
IS 4
BP 756
EP 758
PG 3
WC Literature
SC Literature
GA 405UJ
UT WOS:000263249400014
ER
PT J
AU Ballen, KK
King, RJ
Chitphakdithai, P
Bolan, CD
Agura, E
Hartzman, RJ
Kernan, NA
AF Ballen, Karen K.
King, Roberta J.
Chitphakdithai, Pintip
Bolan, Charles D., Jr.
Agura, Edward
Hartzman, Robert J.
Kernan, Nancy A.
TI The National Marrow Donor Program 20 years of unrelated donor
hematopoietic cell transplantation
SO BIOLOGY OF BLOOD AND MARROW TRANSPLANTATION
LA English
DT Article
DE National Marrow Donor Program; NMDP; unrelated donor; stem cell
transplant; transplantation
ID ANTILYMPHOCYTE GLOBULIN; APLASTIC-ANEMIA; CYCLOSPORINE; DISEASES;
THERAPY
AB In the 20 years since the National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP) facilitated the first unrelated donor transplant, the organization has grown to include almost 7 million donors, and has facilitated over 30,000 transplants on 6 continents. This remarkable accomplishment has been facilitated by the efforts of over 600 employees, and an extensive international network including 171 transplant centers, 73 donor centers, 24 cord blood banks, 97 bone marrow collection centers, 91 apheresis centers, 26 HLA typing laboratories, and 26 Cooperative Registries. In this article, we review the history of the NMDP, and cite the major trends in patient demographics, graft sources, and conditioning regimens over the last 20 years. (C) 2008 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation.
C1 [Ballen, Karen K.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Hematol Oncol, Boston, MA 02114 USA.
[King, Roberta J.; Chitphakdithai, Pintip] Natl Marrow Donor Program, Minneapolis, MN USA.
[Bolan, Charles D., Jr.] NHLBI, Hematol Branch, NIH, Rockville, MD USA.
[Agura, Edward] Baylor Univ, Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
[Hartzman, Robert J.] USN, Med Res Ctr, CW Bill Young Dept, Def Marrow Donor Program, Rockville, MD USA.
[Kernan, Nancy A.] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA.
RP Ballen, KK (reprint author), Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Hematol Oncol, Suite 118, Boston, MA 02114 USA.
EM kballen@partners.org
OI Kernan, Nancy/0000-0003-1417-1823
FU NMDP
FX Financial Disclosure: Drs. King and Chitphakdithai are employees of the
NMDP and have a financial relationship with the NMDP, in that capacity
as employees. Drs. Ballen, Bolan, Agura, Hartzman, and Kernan have
nothing to disclose.
NR 16
TC 37
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1083-8791
EI 1523-6536
J9 BIOL BLOOD MARROW TR
JI Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 14
IS 9
SU 3
BP 2
EP 7
DI 10.1016/j.bbmt.2008.05.017
PG 6
WC Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation
SC Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation
GA 352QU
UT WOS:000259513100001
PM 18721774
ER
PT J
AU Bolan, CD
Hartzman, RJ
Perry, EH
Trainor, L
Miller, J
Miller, R
Hanley, L
Chitphakdithai, P
King, RJ
AF Bolan, Charles D.
Hartzman, Robert J.
Perry, Elizabeth H.
Trainor, Lance
Miller, John
Miller, Rebecca
Hanley, Lori
Chitphakdithai, Pintip
King, Roberta J.
TI Donation activities and product integrity in unrelated donor allogeneic
hematopoietic transplantation: Experience of the National Marrow Donor
Program
SO BIOLOGY OF BLOOD AND MARROW TRANSPLANTATION
LA English
DT Article
DE National Marrow Donor Program; NMDP; unrelated donor; stem cell;
transplantation
AB Despite many clinical advances in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), the one factor that is consistently required to apply HCT to a wide variety of diseases is the successful donation and the safe transport and administration of viable donor cells to the HCT recipient. Since 1987, the National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP) has maintained a registry of volunteer HCT donors for those patients who lack a suitable related donor, facilitated the donor search, and managed the collection and transportation of donor cells to transplant centers for use in increasingly complex therapies. The NMDP has collected data on marrow and peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) donations as well as additional donations of lymphocytes, whole blood, or platelets. These additional donations are provided for a variety of reasons, including treating post-transplant complications such as graft failure or relapsed disease, supporting immune reconstitution or providing transfusion support. For donor safety, rates of placement of central venous catheters for collecting PBSC are monitored. Data have also been collected on rare events that may affect the integrity of the HCT product (e.g., graft clotting or leaks from the transport bag). Quality assurance and review of these donation processes is an essential component of the transplantation approach. Data from the broad NMDP experience further illuminate factors surrounding the donation process and product integrity. (C) 2008 American Society for Blood and Mat-row Transplantation.
C1 [Miller, John; Miller, Rebecca; Hanley, Lori; Chitphakdithai, Pintip; King, Roberta J.] Natl Marrow Donor Program, Minneapolis, MN 55413 USA.
[Bolan, Charles D.] NHLBI, Hematol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Hartzman, Robert J.] USN, Med Res Ctr, CW Bill Young Dept, Def Marrow Donor Program, Rockville, MD USA.
[Perry, Elizabeth H.] Mem Blood Ctr, St Paul, MN USA.
[Trainor, Lance] William Beaumont Hosp, Royal Oak, MI 48072 USA.
RP King, RJ (reprint author), Natl Marrow Donor Program, 3001 Broadway St NE,Suite 100, Minneapolis, MN 55413 USA.
EM rking@nmdp.org
FU NMDP
FX Financial Disclosure: Drs. J. Miller, R. Miller, Hanley, Chitphakdithai,
and King are employees of the NMDP and have a financial relationship
with the NMDP, in that capacity as employees. Drs. Bolan, Hartzman,
Perry, and Trainor have nothing to disclose.
NR 0
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1083-8791
J9 BIOL BLOOD MARROW TR
JI Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 14
IS 9
SU 3
BP 23
EP 28
DI 10.1016/j.bbmt.2008.06.001
PG 6
WC Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation
SC Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation
GA 352QU
UT WOS:000259513100004
PM 18721777
ER
PT J
AU Spellman, S
Setterholm, M
Maiers, M
Noreen, H
Oudshoorn, M
Fernandez-Vina, M
Petersdorf, E
Bray, R
Hartzman, RJ
Ng, J
Hurley, CK
AF Spellman, Stephen
Setterholm, Michelle
Maiers, Martin
Noreen, Harriet
Oudshoorn, Machteld
Fernandez-Vina, Marcelo
Petersdorf, Effie
Bray, Robert
Hartzman, Robert J.
Ng, Jennifer
Hurley, Carolyn Katovich
TI Advances in the selection of HLA-compatible donors: Refinements in HLA
typing and matching over the first 20 years of the National Marrow Donor
Program Registry
SO BIOLOGY OF BLOOD AND MARROW TRANSPLANTATION
LA English
DT Article
ID DQ ANTIGENS; HIGHLY ACCURATE; NMDP REGISTRY; ALLELES; TRANSPLANTATION;
ASSOCIATION; DNA; RESOLUTION; HLA-DQB1; OUTCOMES
C1 [Spellman, Stephen; Setterholm, Michelle; Maiers, Martin] Natl Marrow Donor Program, Minneapolis, MN 55413 USA.
[Noreen, Harriet] Univ Minnesota, Med Ctr Fairview, Minneapolis, MN USA.
[Oudshoorn, Machteld] Europdonor, Leiden, Netherlands.
[Fernandez-Vina, Marcelo] Univ Texas Houston, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
[Petersdorf, Effie] Univ Washington, Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Bray, Robert] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Hartzman, Robert J.; Ng, Jennifer] USN, Med Res Ctr, CW Bill Young Dept Def Marrow Donor, Rockville, MD USA.
[Hurley, Carolyn Katovich] Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC USA.
RP Spellman, S (reprint author), Natl Marrow Donor Program, 3001 Broadway St NE,Suite 100, Minneapolis, MN 55413 USA.
EM sspellma@nmdp.org
OI Maiers, Martin/0000-0002-0198-2064
FU NMDP
FX Financial Disclosure: Drs. Spellman and Setterholm are employees of the
NMDP and have a financial relationship with the NMDP, in that capacity
as employees. Drs. Noreen and Fernandez-Vina are consultants for the
NMDP. Dr. Hurley is an unpaid consultant for the NMDP. Drs. Maiers,
Oudshoorn, Petersdorf, Bray, Hartzman, and Ng have nothing to disclose.
NR 27
TC 46
Z9 48
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1083-8791
J9 BIOL BLOOD MARROW TR
JI Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 14
IS 9
SU 3
BP 37
EP 44
DI 10.1016/j.bbmt.2008.05.001
PG 8
WC Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation
SC Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation
GA 352QU
UT WOS:000259513100006
PM 18721779
ER
PT J
AU Othon, CM
Wu, XJ
Anders, JJ
Ringeisen, BR
AF Othon, Christina M.
Wu, Xingjia
Anders, Juanita J.
Ringeisen, Bradley R.
TI Single-cell printing to form three-dimensional lines of olfactory
ensheathing cells
SO BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID RAT SPINAL-CORD; TRANSPLANTATION; GLIA; BULB; REGENERATION; CULTURES;
GROWTH; TRACT
AB Biological laser printing (BioLP (TM)) is a unique tool capable of printing high resolution two- and three-dimensional patterns of living mammalian cells, with greater than 95% viability. These results have been extended to primary cultured olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), harvested from adult Sprague-Dawley rats. OECs have been found to provide stimulating environments for neurite outgrowth in spinal cord injury models. BioLP is unique in that small load volumes (similar to mu Ls) are required to achieve printing, enabling low numbers of OECs to be harvested, concentrated and printed. BioLP was used to form several 8 mm lines of OECs throughout a multilayer hydrogel scaffold. The line width was as low as 20 mu m, with most lines comprising aligned single cells. Fluorescent confocal microscopy was used to determine the functionality of the printed OECs, to monitor interactions between printed OECs, and to determine the extent of cell migration throughout the 3D scaffold. High-resolution printing of low cell count, harvested OECs is an important advancement for in vitro study of cell interactions and functionality. In addition, these cell-printed scaffolds may provide an alternative for spinal cord repair studies, as the single-cell patterns formed here are on relevant size scales for neurite outgrowth.
C1 [Othon, Christina M.; Ringeisen, Bradley R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Wu, Xingjia; Anders, Juanita J.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anat Physiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
RP Othon, CM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6113,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM ringeisen@nrl.navy.mil
RI Othon, Christina /B-6685-2014
FU Translational Research Program-Defense Brain and Spinal Cord Injury
Program [F170TL-C3]; National Research Council
FX This work was funded by the Translational Research Program-Defense Brain
and Spinal Cord Injury Program (F170TL-C3). The authors would like to
thank Jay Barron and Amy Cheng for their help and suggestions. Christina
Othon would like to thank the National Research Council for support
through a NRC Postdoctoral Fellowship.
NR 25
TC 40
Z9 42
U1 5
U2 23
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-6041
J9 BIOMED MATER
JI Biomed. Mater.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 3
IS 3
AR 034101
DI 10.1088/1748-6041/3/3/034101
PG 6
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 344HC
UT WOS:000258916500014
PM 18689930
ER
PT J
AU Koplin, SA
Lin, S
Domanski, T
AF Koplin, Stephen A.
Lin, Shirley
Domanski, Tammy
TI Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Cationic Polyethylenimines
on Dry Surfaces
SO BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS
LA English
DT Article
DE antimicrobial coatings; cationic polyethylenimine; S. aureus; A.
baumannii; E. coli
ID ACINETOBACTER-BAUMANNII; ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY; PATHOGENIC BACTERIA;
BIOFILM FORMATION; SURVIVAL; COATINGS; CONTACT; CHEMISTRY; PERMANENT;
MEMBRANES
AB The antimicrobial activity of cationic N-dodecyl-N-methylpolyethylenimine (PEI+) against S. aureus, A. baumannii, and E. coli was evaluated when the polymer was applied as a coating to various surfaces using a paint-like procedure. Antimicrobial activity of PEI+ as a function of time was determined using an assay for long-term survival involving placement of single drops of various bacterial concentrations on dry surfaces. These data were compared with an assay method where bacteria were applied by spraying and surfaces were incubated overnight under agar. PEI+-coated sufaces were found to be highly bactericidal after 30 min when bacteria were sprayed onto surfaces. However, when bacteria were applied as single drops, PEI+-coated surfaces were less biocidal at short contact times particularly for A. baumannii and E. coli. The observations are explained in the context of the difference in drying time between drops deposited on uncoated surfaces and PEI+-coated surfaces and the sensitivity of bacterial survival to dehydration. These results demonstrate that PEI+-coated surfaces are not effectively biocidal for some types of bacteria under certain conditions and that the method of assaying bactericidal efficiency can greatly affect the results obtained.
C1 [Koplin, Stephen A.; Lin, Shirley; Domanski, Tammy] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Lin, S (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, 572 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM lin@usna.edu; tldomanski@aacc.edu
FU ONR Midshipman Research Fund; Research Corporation for a Cottrell
College Science; U.S. Naval Academy Crowley
FX The authors thank D. Luning Prak for assistance with obtaining contact
angle measurements. S. Koplin thanks the ONR Midshipman Research Fund.
S. Lin thanks Research Corporation for a Cottrell College Science Award.
T. Domanski thanks the U.S. Naval Academy Crowley Fellowship.
NR 33
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 15
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 8756-7938
J9 BIOTECHNOL PROGR
JI Biotechnol. Prog.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 5
BP 1160
EP 1165
DI 10.1021/bp.32
PG 6
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
GA 370BY
UT WOS:000260738900020
PM 19194927
ER
PT J
AU Benguigui, N
Broderick, MR
Baures, R
Amorim, MA
AF Benguigui, Nicolas
Broderick, Michael R.
Baures, Robin
Amorim, Michel-Ange
TI Motion prediction and the velocity effect in children
SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID TIME-TO-CONTACT; COINCIDENCE-ANTICIPATION; IMPENDING COLLISION;
INFORMATION; SPEED; BALL; EXTRAPOLATION; PERFORMANCE; PERCEPTION;
RESPONSES
AB In coincidence-timing studies, children have been shown to respond too early to slower stimuli and too late to faster stimuli. To examine this velocity effect, children aged 6, 7.5, 9, 10.5, and adults were tested with two different velocities in a prediction-motion task which consisted of judging, after the occlusion of the final part of its path, the moment of arrival of a moving stimulus towards a specified position. A similar velocity effect, resulting in later responses for the faster velocities than for the slower, was found primarily in the three younger groups of children (for the longer occlusion conditions: 600-1,320 milliseconds). However, this effect was not seen in all children in these groups. Individual analyses showed that this velocity effect, when present, is linked to the use of distance rather than time information, or to the confusion between these in extrapolating the occluded trajectories. The tendency to use one type of information or the other is a good predictor of accuracy and variability in this task and a good indicator of the development stage of the participants. Across development, children tend to initially use distance information with poor accuracy but relative consistency in responses. In a second stage, they use time and distance information alternatively across trials trying to find a better source of information with still poor accuracy and now great variability. In a final stage, they use time information to reach consistency and accuracy in their responses. This chronology follows the stages proposed by Savelesbergh and Van der Kamp (2000) explaining development with an initial stage of 'freezing' non-optimal relationships between information and movement, then a 'freeing' stage during which new solutions are searched for, and finally an 'exploiting' stage with an optimal relationship between information and movement.
C1 [Benguigui, Nicolas; Baures, Robin; Amorim, Michel-Ange] Univ Paris 11, Lab Control Moteur & Percept, EA 4042, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Broderick, Michael R.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Benguigui, N (reprint author), Univ Paris 11, Lab Control Moteur & Percept, EA 4042, Bat 425, F-91405 Orsay, France.
EM nicolas.benguigui@u-psud.fr
RI Amorim, Michel-Ange/E-7209-2017
NR 39
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 8
PU BRITISH PSYCHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LEICESTER
PA ST ANDREWS HOUSE, 48 PRINCESS RD EAST, LEICESTER LE1 7DR, LEICS, ENGLAND
SN 0261-510X
J9 BRIT J DEV PSYCHOL
JI Br. J. Dev. Psychol.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 26
BP 389
EP 407
DI 10.1348/026151008X295146
PN 3
PG 19
WC Psychology, Developmental
SC Psychology
GA 338IV
UT WOS:000258501800007
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, QY
Jin, Y
AF Zhao, Qingyun
Jin, Yi
TI High-resolution radar data assimilation for hurricane Isabel (2003) at
landfall
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-DOPPLER RADAR; SIMPLE ADJOINT RETRIEVALS; MODEL INITIAL FIELDS;
TROPICAL CYCLONES; PART II; SUPERCELL THUNDERSTORM; VELOCITY RETRIEVAL;
WIND OBSERVATIONS; MICROBURST WINDS; VERTICAL MOTION
C1 [Zhao, Qingyun; Jin, Yi] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Zhao, QY (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Mail Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM allen.zhao@nrlmry.navy.mil
NR 53
TC 31
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 89
IS 9
BP 1355
EP 1372
DI 10.1175/2008BAMS2562.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 357GA
UT WOS:000259833100013
ER
PT J
AU Matwiyoff, GN
Bradshaw, DA
Hildebrandt, KH
Campenot, JF
Coletta, JM
Coyle, WJ
AF Matwiyoff, Gregory N.
Bradshaw, David A.
Hildebrandt, Kurt H.
Campenot, Jennifer F.
Coletta, Joelle M.
Coyle, Walter J.
TI A 28-year-old man with a mediastinal mass
SO CHEST
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID THORACIC-DUCT CYST
C1 [Matwiyoff, Gregory N.; Bradshaw, David A.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Pulm Med, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Hildebrandt, Kurt H.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Campenot, Jennifer F.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Coletta, Joelle M.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Coyle, Walter J.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
RP Matwiyoff, GN (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Clin Invest Dept KCA, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM Gregory.matwiyoff@med.navy.mil
NR 13
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS
PI NORTHBROOK
PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA
SN 0012-3692
J9 CHEST
JI Chest
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 134
IS 3
BP 648
EP 652
DI 10.1378/chest.07-1509
PG 5
WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System
SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System
GA 349OP
UT WOS:000259290500032
PM 18779202
ER
PT J
AU Kostoff, RN
Morse, SA
Oncu, S
AF Kostoff, Ronald N.
Morse, Stephen A.
Oncu, Serkan
TI Structure of the anthrax research literature
SO DEFENCE SCIENCE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE anthrax; Bacillus anthracis; anthraxin; bioterrorism; biowarfare;
bioweapons; biological weapons; biodefence; biosecurity; biosurety;
information technology; text mining; bibliometrics; citation analysis;
computational linguistics; clustering; taxonomy
ID BIOTERRORISM-RELATED ANTHRAX; DATABASE TOMOGRAPHY; INFRASTRUCTURE;
BIBLIOMETRICS
AB Text mining was used to extract technical intelligence from the open source global anthrax research literature. An anthrax-focused query was applied to the Science Citation Index/Social Science Citation Index (SCI/SSCI) (SCI, 2006) databases. The anthrax research literature infrastructure (prolific authors, key journals/institutions/ countries, most cited authors/journals/ documents) was obtained using bibliometrics, and the anthrax research literature technical structure (hierarchical taxonomy) was obtained using computational linguistics/document Clustering.
C1 [Kostoff, Ronald N.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA.
[Morse, Stephen A.] Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Oncu, Serkan] Adnan Menderes Univ, Fac Med, Aydin, Turkey.
RP Kostoff, RN (reprint author), Mitre Corp, 7525 Colshire Dr, Mclean, VA 22102 USA.
RI Oncu, Serkan/E-4324-2013
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU DEFENCE SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION DOCUMENTATION CENTRE
PI DELHI
PA METCALFE HOUSE, DELHI 110054, INDIA
SN 0011-748X
J9 DEFENCE SCI J
JI Def. Sci. J.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 58
IS 5
BP 678
EP 685
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 353VT
UT WOS:000259597500010
ER
PT J
AU Schweitzer, JA
Madritch, MD
Bailey, JK
LeRoy, CJ
Fischer, DG
Rehill, BJ
Lindroth, RL
Hagerman, AE
Wooley, SC
Hart, SC
Whitham, TG
AF Schweitzer, Jennifer A.
Madritch, Michael D.
Bailey, Joseph K.
LeRoy, Carri J.
Fischer, Dylan G.
Rehill, Brian J.
Lindroth, Richard L.
Hagerman, Ann E.
Wooley, Stuart C.
Hart, Stephen C.
Whitham, Thomas G.
TI From genes to ecosystems: The genetic basis of condensed tannins and
their role in nutrient regulation in a Populus model system
SO ECOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Review
DE above- and belowground interactions; aquatic-terrestrial linkages;
condensed tannin; community genetics; Populus; plant-soil feedbacks;
Salicaceae
ID PLANT SECONDARY METABOLITES; FOREST TENT CATERPILLARS; OAK LEAF TANNINS;
QUAKING ASPEN; LITTER DECOMPOSITION; TREMBLING ASPEN; GENOTYPIC
VARIATION; INSECT PERFORMANCE; FOLIAR CHEMISTRY; CLONAL VARIATION
AB Research that connects ecosystem processes to genetic mechanisms has recently gained significant ground, yet actual studies that span the levels of organization from genes to ecosystems are extraordinarily rare. Utilizing foundation species from the genus Populus, in which the role of condensed tannins (CT) has been investigated aboveground, belowground, and in adjacent streams, we examine the diverse mechanisms for the expression of CT and the ecological consequences of CT for forests and streams. The wealth of data from this genus highlights the importance of form and function of CT in large-scale and long-term ecosystem processes and demonstrates the following four patterns: (1) plant-specific concentration of CT varies as much as fourfold among species and individual genotypes; (2) large within-plant variation in CT occurs due to ontogenetic stages (that is, juvenile and mature), tissue types (that is, leaves versus twigs) and phenotypic plasticity in response to the environment; (3) CT have little consistent effect on plant-herbivore interactions, excepting organisms utilizing woody tissues (that is, fungal endophytes and beaver), however; (4) CT in plants consistently slow rates of leaf litter decomposition (aquatic and terrestrial), alter the composition of heterotrophic soil communities (and some aquatic communities) and reduce nutrient availability in terrestrial ecosystems. Taken together, these data suggest that CT may play an underappreciated adaptive role in regulating nutrient dynamics in ecosystems. These results also demonstrate that a holistic perspective from genes-to-ecosystems is a powerful approach for elucidating complex ecological interactions and their evolutionary implications.
C1 [Schweitzer, Jennifer A.; Bailey, Joseph K.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Madritch, Michael D.; Lindroth, Richard L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[LeRoy, Carri J.; Fischer, Dylan G.] Evergreen State Coll, Olympia, WA 98505 USA.
[Rehill, Brian J.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD USA.
[Hagerman, Ann E.] Miami Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Oxford, OH 45056 USA.
[Wooley, Stuart C.] Calif State Univ Stanislaus, Dept Biol Sci, Turlock, CA 95382 USA.
[Hart, Stephen C.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Hart, Stephen C.; Whitham, Thomas G.] No Arizona Univ, Merriam Powell Ctr Environm Res, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Whitham, Thomas G.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
RP Schweitzer, JA (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 569 Dabney Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM Jen.Schweitzer@utk.edu
RI Lindroth, Richard/A-8538-2009
OI Lindroth, Richard/0000-0003-4587-7255
FU U. S. National Science Foundation [DEB-0078280, DEB-0425908]; NSF
[DEB-9707263, DEB-0074427, DEB-0344019, DEB-0743437, REU-DBI-0353915];
U. S. Dept. of Agriculture [58-1932-6-634]
FX We thank the extended Whitham, Lindroth, Hagerman, Hart and Keim lab
groups for their support and feedback on these ongoing studies. Support
was provided for various aspects of these projects from the U. S.
National Science Foundation, including the Integrated Research
Challenges in Environmental Biology and Frontiers in Integrated
Biological Research programs (DEB-0078280, DEB-0425908) as well as NSF
grants DEB-9707263, DEB-0074427, DEB-0344019, DEB-0743437,
REU-DBI-0353915 and the U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, cooperative
agreement 58-1932-6-634. We also thank the Ogden Nature Center and the
Utah Department of Natural Resources for their support of our common
garden studies, which have been crucial for separating the genetic and
environmental effects of CT production.
NR 121
TC 94
Z9 96
U1 8
U2 111
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1432-9840
J9 ECOSYSTEMS
JI Ecosystems
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 11
IS 6
BP 1005
EP 1020
DI 10.1007/s10021-008-9173-9
PG 16
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 353KF
UT WOS:000259564600013
ER
PT J
AU Wright, ME
Harvey, BG
Quintana, RL
AF Wright, Michael E.
Harvey, Benjamin G.
Quintana, Roxanne L.
TI Highly efficient zirconium-catalyzed batch conversion of 1-butene: A new
route to jet fuels
SO ENERGY & FUELS
LA English
DT Article
ID SIMULTANEOUS SACCHARIFICATION; CLOSTRIDIUM-BEIJERINCKII; METALLOCENE
CATALYSTS; 1-BUTANOL DEHYDRATION; LIVING POLYMERIZATION; BUTANOL
PRODUCTION; ALPHA-OLEFINS; WHEAT-STRAW; OLIGOMERIZATION; DIMERIZATION
AB Quantitative conversion of 1-butene to a Schultz-Flory distribution of oligomers has been accomplished by use of Group 4 transition-metal catalysts in the presence of methylaluminoxane (MAO). The oligomerization reaction was carried out at ambient temperature in a sealed reaction vessel with complete conversion of 1-butene at catalyst turnover numbers of > 17 000. The combination of high catalyst activity without concomitant production of high polymer led to a highly efficient production of new hydrocarbon jet fuel candidates. The reaction proceeds with high regioselectivity; however, because achiral catalysts were used, several diastere-oisomeric structures were produced and observed in the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) chromatograms. The single and specific dimer formed in the reaction, 2-ethyl-l-hexene, was easily removed by distillation and then dimerized using acid catalysis to afford a mixture of mono-unsaturated C-16 compounds. Changes in the oligomerization catalyst led to production of fuels with excellent cold-flow viscosity without the need for a high-temperature distillation. Thus, removal of the dimer followed by catalytic hydrogenation (PtO2) led to a 100% saturated hydrocarbon fuel with a density of 0.78 g/mL, a viscosity of 12.5 cSt at -20 degrees C (ASTM 445), and a calculated heat of combustion of 44+ MJ/kg. By back-addition of hydrogenated dimer in varying amounts (6.6, 11.5, and 17 wt %), it was possible to tailor the viscosity of the fuel (8.5, 7, and 6.5 cSt, respectively).
C1 [Wright, Michael E.; Harvey, Benjamin G.; Quintana, Roxanne L.] USN, Naval Air Syst Command NAVAIR, NAWCWD, Div Chem,Res Dept, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
RP Wright, ME (reprint author), USN, Naval Air Syst Command NAVAIR, NAWCWD, Div Chem,Res Dept, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
EM michael.wright@navy.mil
NR 29
TC 33
Z9 35
U1 2
U2 25
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0887-0624
J9 ENERG FUEL
JI Energy Fuels
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 22
IS 5
BP 3299
EP 3302
DI 10.1021/ef800380b
PG 4
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 350DK
UT WOS:000259332600054
ER
PT J
AU Michalowicz, JV
Nichols, JM
Bucholtz, F
AF Michalowicz, Joseph V.
Nichols, Jonathan M.
Bucholtz, Frank
TI Calculation of Differential Entropy for a Mixed Gaussian Distribution
SO ENTROPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Mixed-Gaussian; entropy; distribution
ID NOISE; SIGNALS
AB In this work, an analytical expression is developed for the differential entropy of a mixed Gaussian distribution. One of the terms is given by a tabulated function of the ratio of the distribution parameters.
C1 [Michalowicz, Joseph V.; Nichols, Jonathan M.; Bucholtz, Frank] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Michalowicz, Joseph V.] SFA Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA.
RP Nichols, JM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM opscidiv@nrl.navy.mil
FU Naval Research Laboratory
FX The authors acknowledge the Naval Research Laboratory for providing
funding for this work.
NR 12
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 5
PU MOLECULAR DIVERSITY PRESERVATION INTERNATIONAL-MDPI
PI BASEL
PA KANDERERSTRASSE 25, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1099-4300
J9 ENTROPY
JI Entropy
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 10
IS 3
BP 200
EP 206
DI 10.3390/entropy-e10030200
PG 7
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 424IQ
UT WOS:000264560800005
ER
PT J
AU Sheinson, RS
Williams, BA
AF Sheinson, Ronald S.
Williams, Bradley A.
TI Preserving shipboard AFFF fire protection system performance while
preventing hydrogen sulfide formation
SO FIRE TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st Conference on Fire Suppression and Detection Research and
Applications
CY MAR 05-08, 2007
CL Orlando, FL
DE AFFF; Aqueous Film-Forming Foam; biocide; foam; hydrogen sulfide; H(2)S;
microbial growth; seawater; shipboard; sulfate reducing bacteria
AB There is a very serious problem aboard US Navy ships from generation of toxic hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) in Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF) solutions used for shipboard fire protection. This is the result of the action of sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) in mixtures of seawater and AFFF, which remain stagnant for significant time periods in shipboard fire protection system piping. Similar to microbial generation of H(2)S in sewage, over time microbes present in seawater consume organic materials in the AFFF mixture and can deplete the dissolved oxygen. If the reduction-oxidation potential falls low enough, anaerobic action of the SRB on the sulfate present in seawater can then result in H(2)S generation, reaching dangerous levels. The recommended ceiling for exposure to H(2)S is only 10 ppm. If the microbes causing oxygen depletion and/or the SRB can be eliminated (or sufficiently minimized), the dangerous generation of H(2)S would not occur. The Navy Technology Center for Safety and Survivability is participating in a research project for the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) to evaluate several treatment modalities for their ability to inhibit H(2)S formation in AFFF/seawater mixtures and for possible deleterious effects on AFFF performance. Various approaches have been considered employing laboratory evaluations (dynamic surface tension and Ross-Miles foamability), and 28 ft(2) (2.6 m(2)) pool fire extinguishment and burnback protection field tests (Military Standard MIL-F-24385F). The protocol selected for NAVSEA shipboard H(2)S generation mitigation testing is a combination of a commercial broad-spectrum biocide with a molybdenum compound which is a specific inhibitor of SRB.
C1 [Sheinson, Ronald S.; Williams, Bradley A.] USN, Technol Ctr Safety & Survivabil, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Sheinson, RS (reprint author), USN, Technol Ctr Safety & Survivabil, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM ronald.sheinson@nrl.navy.mil
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0015-2684
J9 FIRE TECHNOL
JI Fire Technol.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 44
IS 3
BP 283
EP 295
DI 10.1007/s10694-007-0032-6
PG 13
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 323ZT
UT WOS:000257488000007
ER
PT J
AU Porter, CK
Tribble, DR
Aliaga, PA
Halvorson, HA
Riddle, MS
AF Porter, Chad K.
Tribble, David R.
Aliaga, Pablo A.
Halvorson, Heather A.
Riddle, Mark S.
TI Infectious gastroenteritis and risk of developing inflammatory bowel
disease
SO GASTROENTEROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CELL ALPHA-DEFENSINS; CROHNS-DISEASE; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; SMOKING;
POPULATION; AUTOPHAGY; SUSCEPTIBILITY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PATHOGENESIS;
METAANALYSIS
AB Background & Aims: Infectious gastroenteritis (IGE) is known to exacerbate previously diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, limited data are available describing a causal link between IGE and incident IBD. Methods: By using a medical encounter data repository of active duty military personnel., a study was conducted to assess IBD risk in subjects with an antecedent case of IGE. Results: Between 1999 and 2006, there were 3019 incident IBD cases and 11,646 matched controls who were evaluated in a conditional logistic regression model. To control for potential misclassification, IGE episodes within 6 months of IBD diagnosis were excluded as exposures. After adjusting for potential confounders, an episode of IGE increased the risk of IBD (odds ratio, 1.40; 95% confidence interval, 1.19-1.66). The risk was slightly higher for Crohn's disease compared with ulcerative colitis. In addition, there was an approximate 5-fold increase in IBD risk for persons with a previous irritable bowel syndrome diagnosis. Conclusions: These data support theories that the initiation of IBD is a multifactorial process that might include the disruption of normal gut homeostatic mechanisms. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the pathogen-specific risks, identify susceptible populations, and better understand the pathophysiologic relationship between IGE and IBD.
C1 [Porter, Chad K.] USN, MPH, Enter Dis Dept, Infect Dis Directorate,Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Tribble, David R.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Aliaga, Pablo A.; Halvorson, Heather A.] Def Med Surveillance Syst, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Porter, CK (reprint author), USN, MPH, Enter Dis Dept, Infect Dis Directorate,Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM chad.porter@med.navy.mil
RI Porter, Chad/A-8026-2011; Riddle, Mark/A-8029-2011
NR 43
TC 66
Z9 66
U1 0
U2 4
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 0016-5085
J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY
JI Gastroenterology
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 135
IS 3
BP 781
EP 786
DI 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.05.081
PG 6
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA 346WC
UT WOS:000259099300017
PM 18640117
ER
PT J
AU Mathison, N
AF Mathison, Neil
TI Memory and Helix: What Comes to Us from the Past
SO GEORGIA REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Mathison, N (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV GEORGIA
PI ATHENS
PA GEORGIA REVIEW, ATHENS, GA 30602 USA
SN 0016-8386
J9 GEORGIA REV
JI GA. Rev.
PD FAL
PY 2008
VL 62
IS 3
BP 586
EP 600
PG 15
WC Literary Reviews
SC Literature
GA 363BE
UT WOS:000260240100018
ER
PT J
AU Heiderscheidt, JL
Crimi, M
Siegrist, RL
Singletary, MA
AF Heiderscheidt, Jeffrey L.
Crimi, Michelle
Siegrist, Robert L.
Singletary, Michael A.
TI Optimization of Full-Scale Permanganate ISCO System Operation:
Laboratory and Numerical Studies
SO GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID IN-SITU OXIDATION; NATURAL OXIDANT DEMAND; CHEMICAL OXIDATION; AQUIFER;
GENESIS; SOLIDS; KMNO4; DNAPL
AB Laboratory characterization studies, one-dimensional flow-through studies, and numerical model simulations were conducted to examine site conditions and system features that may have adversely affected in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) performance at the Naval Training Center's (NTC) Operable Unit 4 located in Orlando, Florida, and to identify potential ISCO system modifications to achieve the desired remediation performance. At the NTC site, ISCO was implemented using vertical injection wells to deliver potassium permanganate into a ground water zone for treatment of tetrachloroethylene and its breakdown products. However, oxidant distribution was much more limited than anticipated. Characterization studies revealed that the ground water zone being treated by ISCO was very fine sand with a small effective particle size and low uniformity coefficient, along with a high organic carbon content, high natural oxidant demand (NOD), and a high ground water dissolved solids concentration, all of which contributed to full-scale ISCO application difficulties. These site conditions contributed to injection well permeability loss and an inability to achieve the design oxidant injection flow rate, limiting the actual oxidant distribution at the site. Flow-through experiments demonstrated that more favorable oxidant delivery and distribution conditions are enabled by applying a lower oxidant concentration at a faster delivery rate for a greater number of pore volumes. Numerical simulations, run for a variety of conditions (injection/extraction well flow rates, injected oxidant concentration, amount of NOD present, and NOD oxidation rate), also revealed that low-oxidant concentration injection at a high flow rate is a more effective method to deliver the required mass of oxidant to the target treatment zone.
C1 [Heiderscheidt, Jeffrey L.] USAF Acad, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
[Crimi, Michelle] Clarkson Univ, Dept Biol, Environm Hlth Sci Program, Potsdam, NY 13676 USA.
[Crimi, Michelle] Clarkson Univ, Dept Biol, Environm Sci & Policy Program, Potsdam, NY 13676 USA.
[Siegrist, Robert L.] Colorado Sch Mines, Environm Sci & Engn Div, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Singletary, Michael A.] USN, Facil Engn Command SE, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA.
RP Heiderscheidt, JL (reprint author), USAF Acad, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 2354 Fairchild Dr,Suite 6J-159, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
EM jeffrey.heiderscheidt@us.af.mil
FU Naval Facilities Engineering Command
FX This project was completed with funding provided by the Naval Facilities
Engineering Command. Shannon Jackson and Sarah Seitz from the Colorado
School of Mines and Tom Palaia from CH2M Hill are acknowledged for their
key contributions in completing these studies.
NR 32
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1069-3629
J9 GROUND WATER MONIT R
JI Ground Water Monit. Remediat.
PD FAL
PY 2008
VL 28
IS 4
BP 72
EP 84
DI 10.1111/j.1745-6592.2008.00213.x
PG 13
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 379LB
UT WOS:000261396600006
ER
PT J
AU Richter, A
Hicks, KA
Earnshaw, SR
Honeycutt, AA
AF Richter, Anke
Hicks, Katherine A.
Earnshaw, Stephanie R.
Honeycutt, Amanda A.
TI Allocating HIV prevention resources: A tool for state and local decision
making
SO HEALTH POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE policy analysis; HIV prevention; resource allocation; efficiency; equity
ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; HEALTH
AB The CDC provides funding for HIV prevention activities and state and local decision-makers must allocate these funds. The implementation of a resource allocation tool designed to facilitate this process that incorporates concepts of efficiency and equity as well as CDC mandates on the use Of Community planning groups is demonstrated. showing how information obtained from the resource allocation tool can be used to guide the policy analysis. The demonstration uses a simplified example based on data from Florida. The tool quantifies the inherent trade-offs associated with efficiency and equity and allows decision-makers to explore different ways of achieving equity. Given the underlying epidemiological model, results are not necessarily linear so common proportionality assumptions do not hold. However, a sense of equity can be provided by implementing various metrics allowing the policy maker flexibility ill their decision process. By quantifying the impact of policy choices ill terms of efficiency, cost. and distribution, the resource allocation tool makes the decision process more transparent and permits more informed choices. (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
C1 [Hicks, Katherine A.; Honeycutt, Amanda A.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Richter, Anke] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
[Earnshaw, Stephanie R.] RTI Hlth Solut, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Hicks, KA (reprint author), RTI Int, 3040 Cornwallis Rd,POB 12194,RTP, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM khicks@rti.org
RI Richter, Anke/I-9050-2012
FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [R18/CCR420943]
FX This research was supported by Cooperative Agreement Number
R18/CCR420943 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Its
contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not
necessarily represent official views of the CDC. The authors wish to
thank Carol Scotton for her advice, guidance, and Support during the
model formulation. The authors also wish to thank Kathleen Wirth for her
Support in data management and model validation.
NR 21
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0168-8510
J9 HEALTH POLICY
JI Health Policy
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 87
IS 3
BP 342
EP 349
DI 10.1016/j.healthpol.2008.01.008
PG 8
WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services
SC Health Care Sciences & Services
GA 343NM
UT WOS:000258860800008
PM 18342388
ER
PT J
AU Gates, JD
Benavides, LC
Stojadinovic, A
Mittendorf, EA
Holmes, JP
Carmichael, MG
McCall, S
Milford, AL
Merrill, GA
Ponniah, S
Peoples, GE
AF Gates, J. D.
Benavides, L. C.
Stojadinovic, A.
Mittendorf, E. A.
Holmes, J. P.
Carmichael, M. G.
McCall, S.
Milford, A. L.
Merrill, G. A.
Ponniah, S.
Peoples, G. E.
TI Monitoring circulating tumor cells in cancer vaccine trials
SO HUMAN VACCINES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE vaccine; immunotherapy; cancer; HER2/neu; circulating tumor cells
ID METASTATIC BREAST-CANCER; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR;
FOLATE-BINDING-PROTEIN; PROGNOSTIC-FACTOR; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD;
CLINICAL-TRIAL; OVARIAN-CANCER; PEPTIDE; HER-2/NEU; IDENTIFICATION
AB The presence of circulating tumor cells (CTC) from various cancers has provided a wealth of information and possibilities. As the role of CTC detection in the treatment assessment of metastatic breast cancer becomes standard, there is interest in applying this tool in cancer vaccine development and clinical trial monitoring. Since we lack a proven immunologic assay that correlates with clinical response, CTC detection, quantification and phenotypic characterization may be a useful surrogate for clinical outcome. The Cancer Vaccine Development Program is involved in the development of HER2/neu peptide based vaccine development for the prevention of recurrence in HER2/neu expressing cancers like breast cancer. The CellSearch System (Veridex, LLC, Warren, NJ) has been used by our lab in conjunction with in vivo and/or in vitro immunologic measurements to define a monitoring tool that could predict clinical response. Once validated, this assay could significantly shorten clinical trials and lead to more efficient assessment of potentially promising cancer vaccines.
C1 [Gates, J. D.; Benavides, L. C.; Peoples, G. E.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Gen Surg Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
[Stojadinovic, A.; Carmichael, M. G.; Ponniah, S.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, US Mil Canc Inst, Canc Vaccine Dev Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Mittendorf, E. A.] UTMD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Surg Oncol, Houston, TX USA.
[Holmes, J. P.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Div Hematol & Med Oncol, Dept Med, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[Carmichael, M. G.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Hematol & Med Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
[McCall, S.; Milford, A. L.; Merrill, G. A.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
RP Peoples, GE (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Gen Surg Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
EM george.peoples@amedd.army.mil
NR 40
TC 6
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE
PI AUSTIN
PA 1002 WEST AVENUE, 2ND FLOOR, AUSTIN, TX 78701 USA
SN 1554-8619
J9 HUM VACCINES
JI Hum. Vaccines
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 4
IS 5
BP 389
EP 392
PG 4
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology
GA 354KK
UT WOS:000259638300013
PM 18437056
ER
PT J
AU Yang, B
Ahuja, H
Tran, TN
AF Yang, Bao
Ahuja, Herwin
Tran, Thanh N.
TI Thermoelectric technology assessment: Application to air conditioning
and refrigeration
SO HVAC&R RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
ID QUANTUM-WELL STRUCTURES; BISMUTH-TELLURIDE; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY;
TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; LATTICE-DYNAMICS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS;
HEAT-CONDUCTION; HIGH FIGURE; MERIT; PERFORMANCE
AB A combination of factors-notably environmental concerns about global warming and ozone depletion due to refrigerants and the increasing demand for electronics and optoelectronic cooling-led to renewed activity in alternative cooling technologies. Currently, thermoelectric cooling is considered a popular cooling technology. This paper provides a critical review of thermoelectric technology and assesses its potential applications in air conditioning and refrigeration. The first part of this paper is devoted to the basic concept of thermoelectrics, with an overview of current thermoelectric materials and devices. The second part is a general overview of the applications of thermoelectric technology, with an emphasis on those related to air conditioning and refrigeration.
C1 [Yang, Bao; Ahuja, Herwin] Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, Ctr Environm Energy Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Tran, Thanh N.] USN, Carderock Div, Ctr Surface Warfare, Bethesda, MD USA.
RP Yang, B (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, Ctr Environm Energy Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
NR 87
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 36
PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC,
PI ATLANTA
PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA
SN 1078-9669
J9 HVAC&R RES
JI HVAC&R Res.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 14
IS 5
BP 635
EP 653
DI 10.1080/10789669.2008.10391031
PG 19
WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA 349SR
UT WOS:000259304100002
ER
PT J
AU Sanghera, JS
Aggarwal, ID
Cricenti, A
Generosi, R
Luce, M
Perfetti, P
Margaritondo, G
Tolk, NH
Piston, D
AF Sanghera, Jasbinder S.
Aggarwal, Ishwar D.
Cricenti, Antonio
Generosi, Renato
Luce, Marco
Perfetti, Paolo
Margaritondo, Giorgio
Tolk, Norman H.
Piston, David
TI Infrared Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy Below the Diffraction
Limit
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Infrared fibers; spectroscopy; tapered fiber tips
ID FREE-ELECTRON-LASER; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; CELL-LINE; SNOM; NANOSPECTROSCOPY;
SPECTROSCOPY; CHEMISTRY; SILICON; PROBES; LIGHT
AB Infrared scanning near-field optical microscopy (IR-SNOM) is an extremely powerful analytical instrument since it combines IR spectroscopy's high chemical specificity with SNOM's high spatial resolution. In order to do this in the infrared, specialty chalcogenide glass fibers were fabricated and their ends tapered to generate SNOM probes. The fiber tips were installed in a modified near-field microscope and both inorganic and biological samples illuminated with the tunable output from a free-electron laser located at Vanderbilt University. Both topographical and IR spectral images were simultaneously recorded with a resolution of similar to 50 and similar to 100 nm, respectively. Unique spectroscopic features were identified in all samples, with spectral images exhibiting resolutions of up to lambda/60, or at least 30 times better than the diffraction limited lens-based microscopes. We believe that IR-SNOM can provide a very powerful insight into some of the most important biomedical research topics.
C1 [Sanghera, Jasbinder S.; Aggarwal, Ishwar D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Cricenti, Antonio; Generosi, Renato; Luce, Marco; Perfetti, Paolo] Inst Stuttura Mat, I-00016 Rome, Italy.
[Margaritondo, Giorgio] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
[Tolk, Norman H.; Piston, David] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37240 USA.
RP Sanghera, JS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jasbinder.sanghera@nrl.navy.mil; ishwar.aggarwal@nrl.navy.mil;
antonio.cricenti@artov.ism.cn.it; renato.generosi@ism.cnr.it;
marco.luce@ism.cnr.it
NR 36
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 1077-260X
J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT
JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 14
IS 5
BP 1343
EP 1352
DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2008.928166
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA 366EK
UT WOS:000260463200010
ER
PT J
AU Li, L
Gaiser, P
Albert, MR
Long, DG
Twarog, EM
AF Li, Li
Gaiser, Peter
Albert, Mary R.
Long, David G.
Twarog, Elizabeth M.
TI WindSat passive microwave polarimetric signatures of the Greenland ice
sheet
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Greenland ice sheet; ice; polarimetric microwave radiometry; snow;
WindSat
ID SURFACE BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURES; ROUGH SURFACES; SATELLITE DATA; SNOW;
RADIOMETER; EMISSION; MELT; CLASSIFICATION; SCATTEROMETER; ACCUMULATION
AB WindSat has systematically collected the first global fully polarimetric passive microwave data over both land and ocean. As the first spaceborne polarimetric microwave radiometer, it was designed to measure ocean surface wind speed and direction by including the third and fourth Stokes parameters, which are mostlu related to the asymmetric structures of the ocean surface roughness. Although designed for wind vector retrieval, WindSat data are also collected over land and ice, and this new data has revealed, for the first time, significant land signals in the third and fourth Stokes parameter channels, particularly over Greenland and the Antarctic ice sheets. The third and fourth Stokes parameters show well-defined large azimuth modulations that appear to be correlated with geophysical variations, particularly snow structure, melting, and metamorphism, and have distinct seasonal variation. The polarimetric signatures are relatively weak in the summer and are strongest around spring. This corresponds well,with the formation and erosion of the sastrugi in the dry snow zone and snowmelt in the soaked zone. In this paper, we present the full polarimetric signatures obtained from WindSat over Greenland, and use a simple empirical observation model to quantify, the azimuthal variations of the signatures in space and time.
C1 [Li, Li; Gaiser, Peter; Twarog, Elizabeth M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Albert, Mary R.] Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
[Long, David G.] Brigham Young Univ, Microwave Earth Remote Sensing Lab, Ctr Remote Sensing, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
RP Li, L (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RI Long, David/K-4908-2015;
OI Long, David/0000-0002-1852-3972; Albert, Mary/0000-0001-7842-2359
FU Office of Naval Research; NPOESS Integrated Program Office
FX Manuscript received February 23, 2007; revised September 4, 2007. This
work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research and in part
by the NPOESS Integrated Program Office.
NR 50
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0196-2892
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 46
IS 9
BP 2622
EP 2631
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2008.917727
PG 10
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA 348SY
UT WOS:000259231600014
ER
PT J
AU Plant, NG
Holland, KT
Haller, MC
AF Plant, Nathaniel G.
Holland, K. Todd
Haller, Merrick C.
TI Ocean wavenumber estimation from wave-resolving time series imagery
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE adaptive signal processing; image processing; sea floor; sea surface;
wavelength measurement
ID CURRENT RETRIEVALS; SEA-SURFACE; BATHYMETRY; DEPTH; QUANTIFICATION;
DISSIPATION; DISPERSION; ZONE
AB We review several approaches that have been used to estimate ocean surface gravity wavenumbers from wave-resolving remotely sensed image sequences. Two fundamentally different approaches that utilize these data exist. A power spectral density approach identifies wavenumbers where image intensity variance is maximized. Alternatively, a cross-spectral correlation approach identifies wavenumbers where intensity coherence is maximized. We develop a solution to the latter approach based on a tomographic analysis that utilizes a nonlinear inverse method. The solution is tolerant to noise and other forms of sampling deficiency and can be applied to arbitrary sampling patterns, as well as to full-frame imagery. The solution includes error predictions that can be used for data retrieval quality control and for evaluating sample designs. A quantitative analysis of the intrinsic resolution of the method indicates that the cross-spectral correlation fitting improves resolution by a factor of about ten times as compared to the power spectral density fitting approach. The resolution analysis also provides a rule of thumb for nearshore bathymetry retrievals-short-scale cross-shore patterns may be resolved if they are about ten times longer than the average water depth over the pattern. This guidance can be applied to sample design to constrain both the sensor array (image resolution) and the analysis array (tomographic resolution).
C1 [Plant, Nathaniel G.] US Geol Survey, Florida Integrated Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Plant, Nathaniel G.; Holland, K. Todd] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[Haller, Merrick C.] Oregon State Univ, Sch Civil & Construct Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Plant, NG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Florida Integrated Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM nplant@usgs.gov; tholland@nrlsse.navy.mil; hallerm@engr.orst.edu
RI Holland, K. Todd/A-7673-2011; Haller, Merrick/J-8191-2012;
OI Holland, K. Todd/0000-0002-4601-6097; Haller,
Merrick/0000-0002-8760-4362; Plant, Nathaniel/0000-0002-5703-5672
FU Office of Naval Research [0602435N]; Army Corps of Engineers' FRF; R.
Holman's Argus program
FX Manuscript received January 25, 2008. This work was supported by the
Office of Naval Research through the base funding program element
0602435N.; The authors would like to thank the Beach Wizards who
contributed to the development of this effort. The authors are
particularly indebted to P. Catalan for the encouragement, evaluation,
and critical review. Comments from an anonymous reviewer considerably
improved the clarity of the manuscript. Finally, we could not have
performed a sensible field evaluation without the stage set by both the
Army Corps of Engineers' FRF and R. Holman's Argus program.
NR 33
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0196-2892
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 46
IS 9
BP 2644
EP 2658
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2008.919821
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA 348SY
UT WOS:000259231600016
ER
PT J
AU Withers, LP
Taylor, RM
Warme, DM
AF Withers, Lang P., Jr.
Taylor, Robert M., Jr.
Warme, David M.
TI Echo-MIMO: A two-way channel training method for matched cooperative
beamforming
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT);
multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communications; naturally
channel-matched beamforming (NCMB); nonreciprocal channel; two-way
multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) channel estimation
ID LOW-RANK APPROXIMATIONS; LINEAR REGRESSIONS; SYSTEMS; DIVERSITY; DESIGN;
EQUALIZATION; PERFORMANCE; FEEDBACK; RELAYS
AB A new two-way multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel sounding method For enabling a transmitter and a receiver both to have complete knowledge of the channel between them is presented. The key idea is that when the transmitter sends out its training signal, the receiver repeats, or "echoes," its received signal back to that transmitter. From this round-trip training signal, together with the usual one-way incoming training signal from the receiver, the transmitter is able to recover its own outgoing channel fading coefficients for all transmit/receive pairs of antenna elements. The two-stage, weighted least squares problem to estimate the incoming and outgoing channel response matrices is solved. The method applies to FDD and TDD channels, and is suitable for wireless networks with relays. A second contribution of this paper is to propose another new training step, called naturally channel-matched beamforming (NCMB). This step actively uses the physical channel to match the transmit and receive beamformers, instead of relying on uncoordinated beamformer estimates at the transmit and receive ends. When we create parallel virtual channels, by spatial precoding with singular modes of the channel matrix, this training step directly matches each pair of right and left singular vectors used to beamform, adjusting the receive vector to optimize the virtual link gain for the pair. Evidence for a ridge in the gain surface over beamformer pairs is given, which would explain the near-ideal gains obtained from the channel-matching step. We also show how to optimize the link gains while constraining these pairs to ensure low interchannel interference (ICI). Simulation results show that the echo-MIMO method for the case of channel-matched maximal ratio transmission/combining (MRT/MRC) approaches the performance of the ideal beamformers based on perfect channel estimates, especially for the case of no fewer transmit antennas than receive antennas. In this case, echo-MIMO outperforms a quantized MRT/MRC codebook feedback method.
C1 [Withers, Lang P., Jr.; Taylor, Robert M., Jr.] Mitre Corp, Mclean, VA 22102 USA.
[Warme, David M.] Grp W Inc, Fairfax, VA 22031 USA.
[Withers, Lang P., Jr.] Raytheon Co, Falls Church, VA USA.
[Withers, Lang P., Jr.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA.
[Withers, Lang P., Jr.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RP Withers, LP (reprint author), Mitre Corp, 7525 Colshire Dr, Mclean, VA 22102 USA.
EM lwithers@mitre.com; rtaylor@mitre.com; David.Warme@GroupW.com
NR 53
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 1053-587X
J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES
JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 56
IS 9
BP 4419
EP 4432
DI 10.1109/TSP.2008.925971
PG 14
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 341DO
UT WOS:000258694600028
ER
PT J
AU Chen, VC
AF Chen, V. C.
TI Doppler signatures of radar backscattering from objects with
micro-motions
SO IET SIGNAL PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
AB Radar backscattering from objects with micro-motions is subject to Doppler modulations that help determine dynamic properties of objects and provide useful information about the objects. Doppler modulations represented by joint time-frequency analysis provide useful time-varying Doppler characteristics and, thus, add additional time-dimension information to exploit motion characteristics. The author discusses how to simulate radar backscattering from objects with rigid body motions and objects with non-rigid body motions, and how to analyse, interpret and characterise Doppler signatures of objects that undergo these micro-motions. Precession heavy top and human locomotion are used as examples of rigid and non-rigid body motions, respectively. Radar micro-Doppler signatures derived from these motions illustrate the potential of the joint time-frequency analysis for exploiting kinetic and dynamic properties of objects.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Chen, VC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM vchen@radar.nrl.navy.mil
NR 15
TC 56
Z9 90
U1 3
U2 14
PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET
PI HERTFORD
PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND
SN 1751-9675
J9 IET SIGNAL PROCESS
JI IET Signal Process.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 2
IS 3
BP 291
EP 300
DI 10.1049/iet-spr:20070137
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 370PS
UT WOS:000260775300010
ER
PT J
AU Kochel, T
Aguilar, P
Felices, V
Comach, G
Cruz, C
Alava, A
Vargas, J
Olson, J
Blair, P
AF Kochel, Tadeusz
Aguilar, Patricia
Felices, Vidal
Comach, Guillermo
Cruz, Cristopher
Alava, Aracely
Vargas, Jorge
Olson, James
Blair, Patrick
TI Molecular epidemiology of dengue virus type 3 in Northern South America:
2000-2005
SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Dengue-3 virus; Dengue-3 evolution; Dengue-3 transmission
ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; EVOLUTION; SPREAD; BRAZIL
AB A phylogenetic approach was used to identify genetic variants of DENV-3 subtype III that may have emerged during or after its expansion throughout South America. We sequenced the capsid, premembrane/membrane and envelope genes from 22 DENV-3 strains isolated from Venezuela, Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru between 2000 and 2005. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the isolates sequenced in this study formed three clades within subtype III: one with the isolates from Venezuela, one with the Bolivian isolates and one with the isolates from Ecuador and Peru. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kochel, Tadeusz; Aguilar, Patricia; Felices, Vidal; Cruz, Cristopher; Olson, James; Blair, Patrick] USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment, Unit 3800, APO, AA 34031 USA.
[Kochel, Tadeusz; Aguilar, Patricia; Felices, Vidal; Cruz, Cristopher; Olson, James; Blair, Patrick] Amer Embassy, Lima, Peru.
[Comach, Guillermo] BIOMED UC, Lab Reg Diagnost & Invest Dengue & Otras Enfermed, Maracay 2105, Estado Arague, Venezuela.
[Alava, Aracely] Inst Nacl Higiene & Med Trop Leopoldo Izquieta Pe, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
[Vargas, Jorge] Ctr Nacl Enfermedades Trop, Santa Cruz, Bolivia.
RP Kochel, T (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment, Unit 3800, APO, AA 34031 USA.
EM tad.kochel@med.navy.mil; patricia.aguilar@med.navy.mil;
vidal.felices@med.navy.mil; gcomach@cant.net;
cristopher.cruz@med.navy.mil; payara@comcast.net; blairnamru2@yahoo.com
RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013
FU United States Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Systems
Research Program [847705.82000.25GB.B0016]
FX We thank Zonia Rios, Roxana Caceda and Carolina Guevara for invaluable
technical support. This study was funded by the United States Department
of Defense Global Emerging Infections Systems Research Program, WORK
UNIT NUMBER: 847705.82000.25GB.B0016. The study protocol was approved by
the Naval Medical Research Center Institutional Review Board (Protocols
NMRCD.2000.0009 and NMRCD.2000.0006) in compliance with all applicable
Federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects.; The
views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of
the Navy, Department of Defense, nor the U.S. Government.
NR 32
TC 23
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1567-1348
J9 INFECT GENET EVOL
JI Infect. Genet. Evol.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 8
IS 5
BP 682
EP 688
DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2008.06.008
PG 7
WC Infectious Diseases
SC Infectious Diseases
GA 361XK
UT WOS:000260160900023
PM 18674640
ER
PT J
AU Arnaud, F
Tornori, T
Teranishi, K
Yun, J
McCarron, R
Mahon, R
AF Arnaud, Francoise
Tornori, Toshiki
Teranishi, Kohsuke
Yun, Joon
McCarron, Richard
Mahon, Richard
TI Evaluation of chest seal performance in a swine model - Comparison of
Asherman vs. Bolin seal
SO INJURY-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE CARE OF THE INJURED
LA English
DT Article
DE chest seal; pneumothorax; injury; seal adhesion
ID PNEUMOTHORAX
AB Introduction: Chest seats are externally applied devices used to treat an open pneumothorax. There is concern that chest seats used for treatment of an open pneumothorax can fail due to coagulation or malfunction of the external vent and poor skin adherence. Chest seat failure may lead to respiratory compromise or the development of a tension pneumothorax. The objective of this project was to compare the efficacy and adhesive capacity of two chest seats: Asherman and Bolin.
Methods: An open pneumothorax model in the swine (30 kg) was developed to test the performance of Asherman (n = 8) and Bolin (n = 8) seats based on haemodynamic and ultrasonographic changes following intrathoracic air and blood infusion. Seat adherence measured on a scale from 0 (poor) to 3 (good) was tested on dry skin and skin soiled with blood.
Results: After standardised perforation of the chest cavity and aperture blocking, an air infusion of 372 (S.D. 214 ml) was sufficient to reduce mean arterial pressure (MAP) by 20%. Both chest seats prevented a significant fall in MAP after infusion of 1500 ml air into the chest cavity, and had similar adherence scores (2.6 (S.D. 0.8) and 2.8 (S.D. 0.6)) on dry skin. However, on blood soiled skin the Bolin seat had a higher score (2.7 (S.D. 0.6) vs. 0.4 (S.D. 0.7); p < 0.01). Ultrasound did not yield interpretable results to differentiate between Asherman and Bolin seals.
Conclusions: The Bolin and Asherman chest seats were equivalent in preventing the development of a tension pneumothorax in this open pneumothorax model. However, the Bolin chest seat demonstrated stronger adherence in blood soiled conditions. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Arnaud, Francoise; Tornori, Toshiki; Teranishi, Kohsuke; McCarron, Richard] USN, Med Res Ctr, Trauma & Resuscitat Med Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Yun, Joon; Mahon, Richard] USN, Med Res Ctr, Undersea Med Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[McCarron, Richard] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Surg, USUHS, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA.
RP Arnaud, F (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Trauma & Resuscitat Med Dept, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM francoise.arnaud@med.navy.mil
FU MARCORSYSCOM [600-188-00000-00-103207, AO410]
FX The authors thank Ashraful Haque for his surgical assistance and Diana
Temple for editorial support. The views expressed in this article are
those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy
or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, nor
the U.S. Government. This work was funded by MARCORSYSCOM, Work Unit
Number 600-188-00000-00-103207; AO410.
NR 10
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0020-1383
J9 INJURY
JI Injury-Int. J. Care Inj.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 39
IS 9
BP 1082
EP 1088
DI 10.1016/j.injury.2008.03.003
PG 7
WC Critical Care Medicine; Emergency Medicine; Orthopedics; Surgery
SC General & Internal Medicine; Emergency Medicine; Orthopedics; Surgery
GA 352TM
UT WOS:000259520300017
PM 18589420
ER
PT J
AU Brown, GG
Rosenthal, RE
AF Brown, Gerald G.
Rosenthal, Richard E.
TI Optimization Tradecraft: Hard-Won Insights from Real-World Decision
Support
SO INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE decision-support systems; integer programming applications; linear
programming applications
AB Practitioners of optimization-based decision support advise commerce and government on how to coordinate the activities of millions of people who employ assets worth trillions of dollars. The contributions of these practitioners substantially improve planning methods that benefit our security and welfare. The success of real-world optimization applications depends on a few trade secrets that are essential, but that rarely, if at all, appear in textbooks. This paper summarizes a set of these secrets and uses examples to discuss each.
C1 [Brown, Gerald G.; Rosenthal, Richard E.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Brown, GG (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM gbrown@nps.edu
NR 21
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 6
PU INFORMS
PI HANOVER
PA 7240 PARKWAY DR, STE 310, HANOVER, MD 21076-1344 USA
SN 0092-2102
J9 INTERFACES
JI Interfaces
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 38
IS 5
BP 356
EP 366
DI 10.1287/inte.1080.0382
PG 11
WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science
SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science
GA 368HE
UT WOS:000260611400002
ER
PT J
AU Wadley, H
Dharmasena, K
Chen, YC
Dudt, P
Knight, D
Charette, R
Kiddy, K
AF Wadley, Haydn
Dharmasena, Kumar
Chen, Yungchia
Dudt, Philip
Knight, David
Charette, Robert
Kiddy, Kenneth
TI Compressive response of multilayered pyramidal lattices during
underwater shock loading
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE compressive response; sandwich panels; pyramidal lattice; impulse
loading
ID CLAMPED SANDWICH PLATES; CORES; BEAMS; BLAST; PERFORMANCE; FAILURE;
PANELS
AB The quasi-static and dynamic compressive mechanical response of a multilayered pyramidal lattice structure constructed from stainless-steel was investigated. The lattices were fabricated by folding perforated 304 stainless steel sheets and bonding them to thin intervening sheets using a transient liquid-phase bonding technique. The resulting structure was attached to thick face sheets and the through thickness mechanical response was investigated quasi-statically and dynamically, in the latter case using a planar explosive loading technique. The lattice is found to crush in a progressive manner by the sequential (cooperative) buckling of truss layers. This results in a quasi-static stress strain response that exhibits a significant "metal foam" like stress plateau to strains of about 60% before rapid hardening due to truss impingement with the intermediate face sheets. During dynamic loading, sequential buckling of the truss layers was manifested as a series of transmitted pressure pulses measured at the back face of the test samples. The sequential buckling extended the duration of the back face pressure-time waveform and significantly reduced the transmitted pressure measured at the back face. The impulse transmitted to the structure is found to be about 28% less than that predicted by analytic treatments of the fluid-structure interaction for fully supported structures. This transmitted impulse reduction appears to be a consequence of the wet side face sheet movement away from the blast wave and is facilitated by the low crush resistance of the-lattice structure. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wadley, Haydn; Dharmasena, Kumar] Univ Virginia, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Chen, Yungchia; Dudt, Philip; Knight, David; Charette, Robert] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock, MD 20817 USA.
[Kiddy, Kenneth] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
RP Dharmasena, K (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
EM kpd2t@virginia.edu
NR 33
TC 64
Z9 74
U1 5
U2 26
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0734-743X
J9 INT J IMPACT ENG
JI Int. J. Impact Eng.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 9
BP 1102
EP 1114
DI 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2007.06.009
PG 13
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA 318MU
UT WOS:000257096800014
ER
PT J
AU Masakowski, YR
AF Masakowski, Y. R.
TI Cognition-centric design: Implications for system design & decision
making
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th World Congress of Psychophysiology the Olympics of the Brain
CY SEP 08-13, 2008
CL St Petersburg, RUSSIA
SP Int Org Psychophysiol
C1 [Masakowski, Y. R.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-8760
J9 INT J PSYCHOPHYSIOL
JI Int. J. Psychophysiol.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 69
IS 3
BP 143
EP 144
DI 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.05.352
PG 2
WC Psychology, Biological; Neurosciences; Physiology; Psychology;
Psychology, Experimental
SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology
GA 336VU
UT WOS:000258393700024
ER
PT J
AU Schmorrow, D
Estabrooke, I
AF Schmorrow, D.
Estabrooke, I.
TI Revolutions in modern psychophysiology: Recent advances to improve human
information processing from the emergent field of augmented cognition
and operational neuroscience
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th World Congress of Psychophysiology the Olympics of the Brain
CY SEP 08-13, 2008
CL St Petersburg, RUSSIA
SP Int Org Psychophysiol
C1 [Schmorrow, D.; Estabrooke, I.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-8760
J9 INT J PSYCHOPHYSIOL
JI Int. J. Psychophysiol.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 69
IS 3
BP 143
EP 143
DI 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.05.349
PG 1
WC Psychology, Biological; Neurosciences; Physiology; Psychology;
Psychology, Experimental
SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology
GA 336VU
UT WOS:000258393700021
ER
PT J
AU Kapur, SP
AF Kapur, S. Paul
TI Ten years of instability in a nuclear South Asia
SO INTERNATIONAL SECURITY
LA English
DT Review
AB The tenth anniversary of India's and Pakistan's 1998 nuclear tests enables scholars to revisit the issue of South Asian proliferation with a decade of hindsight. What lessons do the intervening years hold regarding nuclear weapons' impact on South Asian security? Some scholars claim that nuclear weapons had a beneficial effect during this period, helping to stabilize historically volatile Indo-Pakistani relations. Such optimistic analyses of proliferation's regional security impact are mistaken, however. Nuclear weapons have had two destabilizing effects on the South Asian security environment. First, nuclear weapons' ability to shield Pakistan against all-out Indian retaliation, and to attract international attention to Pakistan's dispute with India, encouraged aggressive Pakistani behavior. This, in turn, provoked forceful Indian responses, ranging from large-scale mobilization to limited war. Although the resulting Indo-Pakistani crises did not lead to nuclear or full-scale conventional conflict, such fortunate outcomes were not guaranteed and did not result primarily from nuclear deterrence. Second, these Indo-Pakistani crises led India to adopt a more aggressive conventional military posture toward Pakistan. This development could exacerbate regional security-dilemma dynamics and increase the likelihood of Indo-Pakistani conflict in years to come. Thus nuclear weapons not only destabilized South Asia in the first decade after the nuclear tests; they may damage the regional security environment well into the future.
C1 [Kapur, S. Paul] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[Kapur, S. Paul] Stanford Univ, Ctr Int Secur & Cooperat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Kapur, SP (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
NR 109
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 4
PU MIT PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 55 HAYWARD STREET, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA
SN 0162-2889
J9 INT SECURITY
JI Int. Secur.
PD FAL
PY 2008
VL 33
IS 2
BP 71
EP +
DI 10.1162/isec.2008.33.2.71
PG 25
WC International Relations
SC International Relations
GA 355HR
UT WOS:000259700500003
ER
PT J
AU Weintrob, AC
Fieberg, AM
Agan, BK
Ganesan, A
Crum-Cianflone, NF
Marconi, VC
Roediger, M
Fraser, SL
Wegner, SA
Wortmann, GW
AF Weintrob, Amy C.
Fieberg, Ann M.
Agan, Brian K.
Ganesan, Anuradha
Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.
Marconi, Vincent C.
Roediger, Mollie
Fraser, Susan L.
Wegner, Scott A.
Wortmann, Glenn W.
TI Increasing age at HIV seroconversion from 18 to 40 years is associated
with favorable virologic and immunologic responses to HAART
SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
LA English
DT Article
DE age; HIV; highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART); virologic
response; immunologic response; clinical response
ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; INFECTED
PATIENTS; HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS; DISEASE PROGRESSION; OBSERVATIONAL
COHORT; ADHERENCE; SURVIVAL; OLDER; AIDS
AB Background: Studies evaluating the effect of age on response to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) have been limited by their inability to control for duration of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We examined the effect of age at HIV seroconversion on response to HAART.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of a longitudinal US military cohort of HIV-infected subjects. Time to and maintenance of viral Suppression, rate of CD4 cell increase, and rate of progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or death were compared across age groups using time-to-event methods.
Results: Five hundred sixty-three HIV-infected adults who seroconverted after January 1, 1996, and started HAART were included. Increasing age at seroconversion was significantly associated with faster time to viral Suppression (P = 0.002). Increasing age also correlated with duration Of Suppression, with a 35% reduction in risk of viral rebound for every 5-year increase in age above 18 years (hazard ratio: 0.65, 95% confidence interval 0.55 to 0.75). The rate of CD4 cell increase from 6 to 84 months post-HAART was significantly greater in those who seroconverted at older ages (P = 0.0002). Rates of progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or death did not differ between groups.
Conclusions: increasing age at seroconversion was associated with shorter time to and longer maintenance of viral suppression and a faster increase in CD4 cell count.
C1 [Weintrob, Amy C.; Fieberg, Ann M.; Agan, Brian K.; Ganesan, Anuradha; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.; Marconi, Vincent C.; Roediger, Mollie; Fraser, Susan L.; Wegner, Scott A.; Wortmann, Glenn W.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Weintrob, Amy C.; Wortmann, Glenn W.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
[Fieberg, Ann M.; Roediger, Mollie] Univ Minnesota, Coordinating Ctr Biometr Res, Minneapolis, MN USA.
[Agan, Brian K.; Marconi, Vincent C.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX USA.
[Ganesan, Anuradha] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD USA.
[Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Med, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[Fraser, Susan L.] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA.
RP Weintrob, AC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Bldg 2,Ward 63,Room 6312, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
EM amy.weintrob@na.amedd.army.mil
RI Marconi, Vincent/N-3210-2014;
OI Marconi, Vincent/0000-0001-8409-4689; Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669
NR 35
TC 36
Z9 37
U1 1
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1525-4135
J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF
JI JAIDS
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 49
IS 1
BP 40
EP 47
DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31817bec05
PG 8
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 343IW
UT WOS:000258847800006
PM 18667932
ER
PT J
AU Green, BE
AF Green, Bradford E.
TI Computational Prediction of Nose-Down Control for F/A-18E at High Alpha
SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT
LA English
DT Article
AB Computational fluid dynamics was used to predict the longitudinal stability and control characteristics of the preproduction F/A-18E Super Hornet configuration with neutral and full nose-down control at high angle of attack, subsonic conditions. Such data contribute to an analysis of the ability of the pilot to recover from extreme angles of attack and are usually obtained and extrapolated from wind-tunnel tests. The current computational study was intended to be an exploratory study of the usefulness of computational fluid dynamics to aid the designer and analysts in predictions of flight behavior. The calculations were made for Mach 0.082 at a Reynolds number of 1.15 x 10(6) based on mean aerodynamic chord at angles of attack between 0 and 60 deg. The F/A-18E was modeled with 34-deg leading-edge flaps, 4-deg trailing-edge flaps, 0-deg aileron deflection, a rudder deflection of 30 deg, a spoiler deflection of 60 deg, and horizontal-tail deflections of 0 and 20 deg. The flow conditions and configuration corresponded to those used in tests of a 15%-scale F/A-18E wind-tunnel model tested at the 30- by 60-ft full-scale wind tunnel at the NASA Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia. The flow solver used during this project was USM3D, which was developed by the NASA Langley Research Center. The forces and moments predicted by USM3D compared well to the wind-tunnel data for angles of attack between 0 and 40 deg. For angles of attack from 40 to 60 deg, however., the results from USM3D differed from the wind-tunnel data. These differences are attributed to the unsteady nature of the flow and turbulence effects not adequately captured by the computations.
C1 Naval Air Syst Command, Adv Aerodynam Branch, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA.
RP Green, BE (reprint author), Naval Air Syst Command, Adv Aerodynam Branch, Bldg 2187,Unit 5,Suite 1320-B,48110 Shaw Road, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA.
FU HPCMO through the CST portfolio; NASA Langley Research Center
FX The author would like to gratefully acknowledge the funding that was
granted for this study by the HPCMO through the CST portfolio. In
addition, the author would like to thank David Findlay and James Chung
for their guidance and insight. Also, the author would like to thank the
HPCMO for the many hours of computer time that was necessary to complete
this computational study. Finally, the author acknowledges the advice
and guidance of the following individuals: Steve Hynes and Alex Kokolios
of the Naval Air Systems Command; Robert Hall, Neal Frink, and Mike
Fremaux of NASA Langley Research Center; Joseph Chambers, retired NASA
Langley Research Center consultant; and Mohagna Pandya of Analytical
Services and Materials. The author would also like to thank Edward
Dickes of Bihrle Applied Research forproviding the wind-tunnel test data
(with permission of the Navy and the Boeing Company) and information
about the test that was used to validate the CFD calculations.
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0021-8669
J9 J AIRCRAFT
JI J. Aircr.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 45
IS 5
BP 1661
EP 1668
DI 10.2514/1.34562
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 360RF
UT WOS:000260074500020
ER
PT J
AU Bajwa, N
Ingale, A
Avasthi, DK
Kumar, R
Tripathi, A
Dharamvir, K
Jindal, VK
AF Bajwa, Navdeep
Ingale, Alka
Avasthi, D. K.
Kumar, Ravi
Tripathi, A.
Dharamvir, Keya
Jindal, V. K.
TI Role of electron energy loss in modification of C(60) thin films by
swift heavy ions
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSIENT THERMAL-PROCESS; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; AMORPHOUS-CARBON;
FULLERENE FILMS; HIGH-PRESSURE; SOLID C-60; IRRADIATION; POLYMERIZATION;
SCATTERING; METALS
AB This paper presents a comparative study of the effects of irradiation by swift heavy ions (SHIs) with Se values ranging from 80 to 1270 eV/angstrom and fluence ranges varying between 10(10) and 10(14) ions/cm(2) incident on thin films of C(60). The control over S(e) is exercised through the choice of ion species for irradiation (O, Ni, and Au). Structural changes in C(60) were investigated quantitatively using Raman spectroscopy. The results indicate that at low fluences polymer formation takes place whereas at high fluences there is complete fragmentation of C(60), resulting in amorphous carbon formation. Measured values of band gap and in situ resistivity decrease with fluence. This result is consistent with the structural modifications observed by Raman spectroscopy. The composition of the polymer fraction formed (e.g., the content of two dimensional polymerized network of C(60) molecules) as well as that of a-C (e.g., the content of nanographite) also vary with S(e) of the ion used. A phenomenological model, taking into account the ion track, enables us to explain the trend of polymer formation as well as fragmentation of C(60), with increasing fluence of SHL The cross section for damage (fragmentation of C(60) molecules) has two values-one effective at low fluences and the other at high fluences. By arriving at a quantitative formula giving the fraction of polymer/damaged C(60) molecules at any given fluence, we are able to predict the fluence and ion species required for a given amount of polymerization/damage or vice versa. Effort has been made to correlate S, and S, values to the damage cross sections using data from this work along with those from other experiments using keV and MeV ions. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Dharamvir, Keya; Jindal, V. K.] Panjab Univ, Dept Phys, Chandigarh 160014, India.
[Bajwa, Navdeep] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Ingale, Alka] Raja Ramanna Ctr Adv Technol, Laser Phys Applicat Div, Indore 452013, India.
[Avasthi, D. K.; Kumar, Ravi; Tripathi, A.] Inter Univ, Accelerator Ctr, New Delhi 110067, India.
RP Jindal, VK (reprint author), Panjab Univ, Dept Phys, Chandigarh 160014, India.
EM jindal@pu.ac.in
RI Tripathi, A./E-5455-2011; Jindal, V /D-3375-2009; Avasthi, Devesh
/D-4712-2013
OI Tripathi, A./0000-0002-1240-5836; Jindal, V /0000-0003-3240-4643;
FU Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India [SP/S2/M13/96];
Nuclear Science Center and UGC, India [NSC/XIII/UFUP-30311/288/]; DRDO;
TBRL, Chandigarh; CSIR, New Delhi, India [9/135(482)/2004/EMR-I]
FX V.K.J. and K.D. wish to acknowledge the Department of Science and
Technology, New Delhi, India for funding a project with Grant No.
SP/S2/M13/96 when the work related to this topic was started. N.B. and
K.D. also acknowledge the Nuclear Science Center and UGC, India for
Grant No. NSC/XIII/UFUP-30311/288/. V.K.J. also acknowledges support
from DRDO, through TBRL, Chandigarh for research funding. Furthermore,
N.B. acknowledges CSIR, New Delhi, India for award through Letter No.
9/135(482)/2004/EMR-I for the fellowship during this study. A.I. wishes
to thank Dr. K. C. Rustagi and Dr. S. C. Mehendale of RRCAT, Indore for
encouragement during the course of this work and Michael Schmitt and W.
Kiefer, University of Wurzburg, for use of their Raman facilities. We
also wish to thank Vishal Narang for technical help in preparing the
manuscript.
NR 52
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD SEP 1
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 5
AR 054306
DI 10.1063/1.2968340
PG 13
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 357NO
UT WOS:000259853600112
ER
PT J
AU Conroy, MW
Oleynik, II
Zybin, SV
White, CT
AF Conroy, M. W.
Oleynik, I. I.
Zybin, S. V.
White, C. T.
TI First-principles anisotropic constitutive relationships in
beta-cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (beta-HMX)
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; PENTAERYTHRITOL
TETRANITRATE; AB-INITIO; HYDROSTATIC COMPRESSION; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE;
PHASE-TRANSITION; BASIS-SET;
OCTAHYDRO-1,3,5,7-TETRANITRO-1,3,5,7-TETRAZOCINE; RDX
AB First-principles density functional theory calculations have been performed to obtain constitutive relationships in the crystalline energetic material beta-cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (beta-HMX). In addition to hydrostatic loading, uniaxial compressions in the directions normal to the 11001, 10101, {001}, {110}, {101}, {011}, and {111} planes have been performed to investigate the anisotropic equation of state (EOS). The calculated lattice parameters and hydrostatic EOS are in reasonable agreement with the available experimental data. The uniaxial compression data show a significant anisotropy in the principal stresses, change in energy, band gap, and shear stresses, which might lead to the anisotropy of the elastic-plastic shock transition and shock sensitivity of beta-HMX. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Conroy, M. W.; Oleynik, I. I.] Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[Zybin, S. V.] CALTECH, Mat & Proc Simulat Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[White, C. T.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Conroy, MW (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
EM mconroy@shell.cas.usf.edu
RI Oleynik, Ivan/R-5004-2016
OI Oleynik, Ivan/0000-0002-5348-6484
FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N00173-06-1-GO22, N00173-08-2-CO02,
N00014-05-1-0778, N00014-08-WX-20138]; Army Research Office
[W901NF-05-1-0266, W911NF-05-1-0345]; DURIP [W911NF-07-10212]; NSF
[TG-DMR070018N]
FX The authors wish to thank D. Hooks, M. Nicol, S. Peiris, and O.
Tschauner for stimulating discussions. The work at USF was supported by
the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory
(NRL) (Grant Nos. N00173-06-1-GO22 and N00173-08-2-CO02) and partly by
the Army Research Office through the Multi-University Research
Initiative on Insensitive Munitions (Grant No. W901NF-05-1-0266) and
DURIP (Grant No. W911NF-07-10212). The work at Caltech was supported by
the Office of Naval Research (ONR) (Grant No. N00014-05-1-0778) and the
Army Research Office through the Multi-University Research Initiative on
Insensitive Munitions (Grant No. W911NF-05-1-0345). The work at NRL was
supported by ONR both directly (Grant No. N00014-08-WX-20138) and
through NRL. The computations were performed using NSF Teragrid
computational facilities (Grant No. TG-DMR070018N).
NR 40
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
EI 1089-7550
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD SEP 1
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 5
AR 053506
DI 10.1063/1.2973689
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 357NO
UT WOS:000259853600036
ER
PT J
AU Whiddon, DR
Zehms, CT
Miller, MD
Quinby, JS
Montgomery, SL
Sekiya, JK
AF Whiddon, David R.
Zehms, Chad T.
Miller, Mark D.
Quinby, J. Scott
Montgomery, Scott L.
Sekiya, Jon K.
TI Double compared with single-bundle open inlay posterior cruciate
ligament reconstruction in a cadaver model
SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME
LA English
DT Article
ID POSTEROLATERAL ROTATORY INSTABILITY; IN-SITU FORCES; KNEE-JOINT;
ALLOGRAFT; COMPLEX; TENODESIS; AUTOGRAFT; INJURIES; OUTCOMES; ANATOMY
AB Background: There is considerable controversy regarding whether a double-bundle reconstruction of the posterior cruciate ligament is superior to single-bundle techniques. The purpose of this study was to compare posterior tibial translation and external rotation following double and single-bundle tibial inlay reconstruction of the posterior cruciate ligament in both a posterolateral corner-deficient and a repaired cadaver model.
Methods: Posterior drawer testing, dial testing, and stress radiography were performed on nine cadaver knees. The intact knees served as controls. The posterior cruciate ligament and the posterolateral corner structures were resected, and each knee then underwent a double-bundle reconstruction of the posterior cruciate ligament. Following testing, both with and without the posterolateral corner repaired, the posteromedial bundle was released and the knee was retested with a single-bundle reconstruction.
Results: With dial testing, external rotation measured a mean (and standard error) of 7.6 degrees +/- 0.40 degrees at 30 degrees of knee flexion and 9.0 degrees +/- 0.8 degrees at 90 degrees after the double-bundle reconstruction with posterolateral corner repair, and it measured 11.2 degrees +/- 1.4 degrees at both 300 and 900 after the single-bundle reconstruction with posterolateral corner repair. When dial testing was performed after the double-bundle reconstruction without posterolateral corner repair, external rotation measured a mean of 15.8 degrees +/- 1.9 degrees at 300 and 16.9 degrees +/- 2.0 degrees at 90 degrees; after the single-bundle reconstruction without posterolateral corner repair, it measured 20.1 degrees +/- 1.8 degrees at 30 degrees and 20.30 +/- 1.7 degrees at 90 degrees. Without posterolateral corner repair, the double-bundle reconstruction permitted significantly less external rotation than did the single-bundle reconstruction at 30 degrees (p = 0.03). Stress radiography showed the mean posterior displacement after the double-bundle reconstruction with posterolateral corner repair to be 3.3 +/- 1.4 mm. This value was not significantly different from the mean posterior displacement of 4.8 +/- 1.0 mm after the single-bundle reconstruction with posterolateral corner repair, and both values were similar to that for the intact control (2.9 +/- 0.5 mm) (p = 0.254). However, the single-bundle reconstruction without posterolateral corner repair was associated with significantly increased posterior displacement when compared with the intact controls (p = 0.039) and with the double-bundle reconstruction without posterolateral corner repair (p = 0.026).
Conclusions: Double-bundle reconstruction of the posterior cruciate ligament offers measurable benefits in terms of rotational stability and posterior translation in the setting of an untreated posterolateral corner injury. With the posterolateral corner intact, at time zero, the double-bundle reconstruction used in this study provided more rotational constraint to the knee at 300 and it did not further reduce posterior translation.
Clinical Relevance: Compared with single-bundle reconstruction, double-bundle reconstruction provided increased rotational and posterior control, which was most pronounced in the setting of an untreated posterolateral corner injury. This increased stability may be beneficial in the common clinical setting, in which these reconstructions tend to stretch over time. On the other hand, the persistence of the rotational overconstraint at 30 degrees of knee flexion seen with the double-bundle reconstruction in this study may be a risk factor for osteoarthritis.
C1 [Whiddon, David R.; Zehms, Chad T.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Bone & Joint Sports Med Inst, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
[Miller, Mark D.] Univ Virginia, Dept Orthopaed, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
[Quinby, J. Scott] Sports Med Clin N Texas, Dallas, TX 75204 USA.
[Montgomery, Scott L.] Alton Ochsner Med Fdn & Ochsner Clin, New Orleans, LA 70121 USA.
[Sekiya, Jon K.] Univ Michigan, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Ann Arbor, MI 48106 USA.
RP Whiddon, DR (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Bone & Joint Sports Med Inst, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
EM sekiya@umich.edu
RI Montgomery, Scott/E-7748-2011
NR 38
TC 23
Z9 30
U1 1
U2 3
PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC
PI NEEDHAM
PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 USA
SN 0021-9355
J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM
JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 90A
IS 9
BP 1820
EP 1829
DI 10.2106/JBJS.G.01366
PG 10
WC Orthopedics; Surgery
SC Orthopedics; Surgery
GA 346DT
UT WOS:000259049300002
PM 18762640
ER
PT J
AU Rao, RD
Marawar, SV
Stemper, BD
Yoganandan, N
Shender, BS
AF Rao, Raj D.
Marawar, Satyajit V.
Stemper, Brian D.
Yoganandan, Narayan
Shender, Barry S.
TI Computerized tomographic morphometric analysis of subaxial cervical
spine pedicles in young asymptomatic volunteers
SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSPEDICULAR SCREW FIXATION; CERVICOTHORACIC JUNCTION; BIOMECHANICAL
ANALYSIS; COMPARATIVE ACCURACY; VERTEBRAE; RECONSTRUCTION; PLACEMENT;
COMPLICATIONS; SYSTEMS; MIDDLE
AB Background: Although cervical spine pedicle screws have been shown to provide excellent fixation, widespread acceptance of their use is limited because of the risk of injury to the spinal cord, nerve roots, and vertebral arteries. The risks of pedicle screw insertion in the cervical spine can be mitigated by a three-dimensional appreciation of pedicle anatomy. Normative data on three-dimensional subaxial pedicle geometry from a large, young, and asymptomatic North American population are lacking. The purpose of the present study was to determine three-dimensional subaxial pedicle geometry in a large group of young volunteers and to determine level and sex-specific morphologic differences.
Methods: Helical computerized tomography scans were made from the third cervical to the seventh cervical vertebra in ninety-eight volunteers (sixty-three men and thirty-five women) with an average age of twenty-five years. Pedicle width, height, length, and transverse and sagittal angulations were measured bilaterally. Pedicle screw insertion positions were quantified in terms of mediolateral and superoinferior offsets relative to readily identifiable landmarks.
Results: The mean pedicle width and height at all subaxial levels were sufficient to accommodate 3.5-mm screws in 98% of the volunteers. Pedicle width and height dimensions of <4.0 mm were rare (observed in association with only 1.7% of the pedicles), with 82% occurring in women and 72% occurring unilaterally. Screw insertion positions generally moved medially and superiorly at caudal levels. Transverse angulation was approximately 450 at the third to fifth cervical levels and was less at more caudal levels. Sagittal angulation changed from a cranial orientation at superior levels to a caudal orientation at inferior levels. Mediolateral and superoinferior insertion positions and sagittal angulations were significantly dependent (p < 0.05) on sex and spinal level. Transverse angulation was significantly dependent (p < 0.05) on spinal level.
Conclusions: Pedicle screw insertion points and orientation are significantly different (p < 0.05) at most subaxial cervical levels and between men and women. Preoperative imaging studies should be carefully templated for pedicle size in all patients on a level-specific basis. Although the prevalence was low, women were more likely to have pedicle width and height dimensions of <4.0 mm.
Clinical Relevance: The present study provides normative data on subaxial cervical pedicle geometry from a large sample of young, healthy men and women. The data may be useful for preoperative planning for pedicle screw fixation.
C1 [Rao, Raj D.; Marawar, Satyajit V.] Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA.
[Stemper, Brian D.; Yoganandan, Narayan] Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Neurosurg, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA.
[Shender, Barry S.] USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Aerosp Med Assoc,Code 4656, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA.
RP Rao, RD (reprint author), Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Orthopaed Surg, 9200 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA.
EM rrao@mcw.edu
FU United States Office of Naval Research; Department of Defense
[N00421-02-C-3005]; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Research
FX In support of their search for or preparation of this work. one or more
of the authors received, in anyone year, outside funding or grants in
excess of $10,000 from the United States Office of Naval Research,
Department of Defense, through Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft
Division contract N00421-02-C-3005 and the Department of Veterans
Affairs Medical Research. Neither they nor a member of their immediate
families received payments or other benefits or a commitment or
agreement to provide such benefits from a commercial entity. No
commercial entity paid or directed, or agreed to pay or direct, any
benefits to any research fund, foundation, division, center, clinical
practice, or other charitable or nonprofit organization with which the
authors. or a member of their immediate families. are affiliated or
associated.
NR 32
TC 16
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 2
PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC
PI NEEDHAM
PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 USA
SN 0021-9355
J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM
JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 90A
IS 9
BP 1914
EP 1921
DI 10.2106/JBJS.G.01166
PG 8
WC Orthopedics; Surgery
SC Orthopedics; Surgery
GA 346DT
UT WOS:000259049300014
PM 18762652
ER
PT J
AU Wang, B
Wu, ZW
Li, JP
Liu, J
Chang, CP
Ding, YH
Wu, GX
AF Wang, Bin
Wu, Zhiwei
Li, Jianping
Liu, Jian
Chang, Chih-Pei
Ding, Yihui
Wu, Guoxiong
TI How to measure the strength of the East Asian summer monsoon
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE SUMMER; TROPICAL PACIFIC SSTS; SOUTH CHINA SEA;
INTERDECADAL VARIATIONS; EL-NINO; RAINFALL; INDEX; ENSO; VARIABILITY;
CIRCULATION
AB Defining the intensity of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) has been extremely controversial. This paper elaborates on the meanings of 25 existing EASM indices in terms of two observed major modes of interannual variation in the precipitation and circulation anomalies for the 1979-2006 period. The existing indices can be classified into five categories: the east-west thermal contrast, north-south thermal contrast, shear vorticity of zonal winds, southwesterly monsoon, and South China Sea monsoon. The last four types of indices reflect various aspects of the leading mode of interannual variability of the EASM rainfall and circulations, which correspond to the decaying El Nino, while the first category reflects the second mode that corresponds to the developing El Nino.
The authors recommend that the EASM strength can be represented by the principal component of the leading mode of the interannual variability, which provides a unified index for the majority of the existing indices. This new index is extremely robust, captures a large portion (50%) of the total variance of the precipitation and three-dimensional circulation, and has unique advantages over all the existing indices. The authors also recommend a simple index, the reversed Wang and Fan index, which is nearly identical to the leading principal component of the EASM and greatly facilitates real-time monitoring.
The proposed index highlights the significance of the mei-yu/baiu/changma rainfall in gauging the strength of the EASM. The mei-yu, which is produced in the primary rain-bearing system, the East Asian (EA) subtropical front, better represents the variability of the EASM circulation system. This new index reverses the traditional Chinese meaning of a strong EASM, which corresponds to a deficient mei-yu that is associated with an abnormal northward extension of southerly over northern China. The new definition is consistent with the meaning used in other monsoon regions worldwide, where abundant rainfall within the major local rain-bearing monsoon system is considered to be a strong monsoon.
C1 [Wang, Bin] Univ Hawaii Manoa, IPRC, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Wang, Bin] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Meteorol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Wang, Bin] Ocean Univ China, CPEO, Qingdao, Peoples R China.
[Wu, Zhiwei; Li, Jianping; Wu, Guoxiong] CAS, LASG, Inst Atmospher Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Wu, Zhiwei; Li, Jianping; Wu, Guoxiong] CAS, Grad Sch, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Jian] CAS, Nanjing Inst Geog & Limnol, State Key Lab Lake Sci & Environm, Nanjing, Peoples R China.
[Chang, Chih-Pei] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Chang, Chih-Pei] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei 10764, Taiwan.
[Ding, Yihui] CMA, Natl Climate Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China.
RP Wang, B (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, IPRC, 1680 E W Rd,POST 40, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM wangbin@hawaii.edu
FU NSF [ATM03-29531]; IPRC; FRCGC/JAMSTEC; NASA; NOAA; National Basic
Research [2006CB403600]; National Natural Science Foundation of China
[40523001, 40672210, 40599423]; NSC; National Taiwan University
FX Bin Wang is supported by the NSF climate dynamics program (ATM03-29531)
and in part by IPRC, which is in part sponsored by FRCGC/JAMSTEC, NASA,
and NOAA. Zhiwei Wu, Jianping Li, Guoxiong Wu, and Yihui Ding
acknowledge the support of the National Basic Research Program "973"
(Grant 2006CB403600) and the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Grant 40523001). Jian Liu and Bin Wang acknowledge the support of
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 40672210 and
40599423). C.-P. Chang was supported in part by an NSC research chair
professorship at National Taiwan University.
NR 72
TC 178
Z9 216
U1 8
U2 106
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 21
IS 17
BP 4449
EP 4463
DI 10.1175/2008JCLI2183.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 345JC
UT WOS:000258991500017
ER
PT J
AU Olson, SE
Christlieb, AJ
AF Olson, Spencer E.
Christlieb, Andrew J.
TI Gridless DSMC
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE direct simulation Monte Carlo; DSMC; octree; gridless; meshless
ID SIMULATION MONTE-CARLO; RAREFIED-GAS DYNAMICS; PARTICLE SIMULATION;
BOLTZMANN-EQUATION; FLOWS; REFINEMENT; ALGORITHM; DISCHARGE; PLASMA;
ERROR
AB This work concerns the development of a gridless method for modeling the inter-particle collisions of a gas. Conventional fixed-grid algorithms are susceptible to grid-mismatch to the physical system, resulting in erroneous solutions. On the contrary, a gridless algorithm can be used to simulate various physical systems without the need to perform grid-mesh optimization. An octree algorithm provides the gridless character to a direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) code by automatically sorting nearest-neighbor gas particles into local clusters. Automatic clustering allows abstraction of the DSMC algorithm from the physical system of the problem in question. This abstraction provides flexibility for domains with complex geometries as well as a decreased code development time for a given physical problem. To evaluate the practicality of this code, the time required to perform the gridless overhead from the octree sort is investigated. This investigation shows that the gridless method can indeed be practical and compete with other DSMC codes. To validate gridless DSMC, results of several benchmark simulations are compared to results from a fixed-grid code. The benchmark simulations include several Couette flows of differing Knudsen number, low-velocity flow past a thin plate, and two hypersonic flows past embedded objects at a Mach number of 10. The results of this comparison to traditional DSMC are favorable. This work is intended to become part of a larger gridless simulation tool for collisional plasmas. Corresponding work includes a gridless field solver using an octree for the evaluation of long range electrostatic forces. We plan to merge the two methods creating a gridless framework for simulating collisional-plasmas. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Olson, Spencer E.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, FOCUS Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Christlieb, Andrew J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Math, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Olson, SE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM Spencer.E.Olson@umich.edu
FU Army Research Office; Office of Naval Research [42791-PH]; Michigan
Center for Theoretical Physics; Air Force Office of Scientific Research
[FA9550-07-0144, FA9550-07-01-0092]; AFRL-PRSA at Edward's Air Force
Base; AFRL-DEHE at Kirtland Air Force Base
FX S.E. Olson thanks support from the Army Research Office and Office of
Naval Research (Project No. 42791-PH) as well as the Michigan Center for
Theoretical Physics. A.J. Christlieb would like to thank the Air Force
Office of Scientific Research (Grant Nos. FA9550-07-0144 and
FA9550-07-01-0092), AFRL-PRSA at Edward's Air Force Base, and AFRL-DEHE
at Kirtland Air Force Base for support of this work. The authors would
also like to thank Dr. Quanhua Sun for supplying results for Couette
flow calculations using standard DSMC.
NR 48
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 7
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0021-9991
J9 J COMPUT PHYS
JI J. Comput. Phys.
PD SEP 1
PY 2008
VL 227
IS 17
BP 8035
EP 8064
DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2008.04.038
PG 30
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA 339LI
UT WOS:000258578700003
ER
PT J
AU Jacobs, RN
Almeida, LA
Markunas, J
Pellegrino, J
Groenert, M
Jaime-Vasquez, M
Mahadik, N
Andrews, C
Qadri, SB
Lee, T
Kim, M
AF Jacobs, R. N.
Almeida, L. A.
Markunas, J.
Pellegrino, J.
Groenert, M.
Jaime-Vasquez, M.
Mahadik, N.
Andrews, C.
Qadri, S. B.
Lee, T.
Kim, M.
TI Relevance of thermal mismatch in large-area composite substrates for
HgCdTe heteroepitaxy
SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 26th United States Workshop on Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials
CY OCT 30-NOV 01, 2007
CL Baltimore, MD
SP USA CECOM Night Vis & Elect Sensor Directorate, USA Res Lab, USA SMDC, US Navy Elect Opt Ctr, Penn State Appl Res Lab, Off Naval Res, AF Res Lab, Minerals, Met & Mat Soc, Amer Phys Soc
DE residual film stress; thermal mismatch; HgCdTe; CdTe buffer; mismatched
heteroepitaxy; silicon; germanium; gallium arsenide
ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; CRITICAL THICKNESS; CDTE; QUALITY; GROWTH;
DETECTORS; SURFACE; LAYERS; SI
AB It is well known that the large lattice mismatch (> 14%) associated with CdTe/Si, CdTe/Ge, and CdTe/GaAs composite substrates, is a great contributor to large dislocation densities and other defects that limit the performance of HgCdTe-based infrared detectors. Though thermal expansion mismatch is another possible contributor to material defects, little work has been done towards documenting and understanding its effects in these systems. Here, we perform studies to determine the relative contributions of lattice and thermal mismatch to CdTe film characteristics, including dislocation density and residual stress. Unannealed and thermally cycled films are characterized using x-ray diffraction, defect decoration, and Nomarski and transmission electron microscopy. For CdTe/Si, the residual stress is consistently observed to be tensile, while for CdTe/Ge and CdTe/GaAs, a compressive residual film stress is measured. We show based on theoretically predicted stress levels that the experimental measurements imply the dominance of thermal mismatch in the residual stress characteristics.
C1 [Jacobs, R. N.; Almeida, L. A.; Markunas, J.; Pellegrino, J.; Groenert, M.; Jaime-Vasquez, M.] USA, RDECOM, CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA.
[Mahadik, N.; Andrews, C.; Qadri, S. B.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Lee, T.; Kim, M.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Elect Engn, Richardson, TX 75083 USA.
RP Jacobs, RN (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA.
EM rjacobs@nvl.army.mil
RI Mahadik, Nadeemullah/C-8551-2009; Kim, Moon/A-2297-2010
NR 24
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0361-5235
J9 J ELECTRON MATER
JI J. Electron. Mater.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 37
IS 9
BP 1480
EP 1487
DI 10.1007/s11664-008-0519-z
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics
GA 346AZ
UT WOS:000259042100048
ER
PT J
AU Cooper, DE
White, AA
Werkema, AN
Auge, BK
AF Cooper, Daniel E.
White, Andrew A.
Werkema, Angelina N.
Auge, Brain K.
TI Case Report Anaphylaxis Following Cystoscopy With Equipment Sterilized
With Cidex (R) OPA (Ortho-Phthalaldehyde): A Review Of Two Cases
SO JOURNAL OF ENDOUROLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID HIGH-LEVEL DISINFECTION; GLUTARALDEHYDE
AB Purpose: Ortho-phthalaldehyde (Cidex OPA) is a commonly used solution for rapid sterilization of flexible endoscopic equipment. We report two cases of anaphylaxis following cystoscopy with endoscopes sterilized with this agent. Only a handful of such reactions have been reported in the published literature, the majority of which are in the bladder cancer population undergoing surveillance cystoscopy.
Patients and Methods: We reviewed the clinical presentation of two cases of anaphylaxis following flexible cystoscopy with instruments sterilized with ortho-pthalaldehyde. We further describe their subsequent evaluation by an allergy and immunology specialist who performed skin testing to confirm a suspected ortho-pthalaldehyde allergy.
Results: Both patients were skin test positive to ortho-phthalaldehyde antigen. As a result, sterilization techniques for our flexible endoscopes has been altered. To date, no further anaphylactic reactions have occurred in our bladder cancer patients, including the two cases presented herein following subsequent cystoscopic evaluations.
Conclusions: Ortho-phthalaldehyde-sterilized cystoscopes have been associated with anaphylactic reactions in a small number of patients who have undergone repeated cystoscopy. The manufacturer has already made recommendations to avoid this agent in bladder cancer patients. It may be prudent to extend this practice to other populations undergoing repeat cystoscopy.
C1 [Cooper, Daniel E.; Werkema, Angelina N.; Auge, Brain K.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[White, Andrew A.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
RP Cooper, DE (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Urol, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr Ste 200, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM daniel.e.cooper@med.navy.mil
NR 15
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 0892-7790
J9 J ENDOUROL
JI J. Endourol.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 22
IS 9
BP 2181
EP 2184
DI 10.1089/end.2007.0358
PG 4
WC Urology & Nephrology
SC Urology & Nephrology
GA 358EG
UT WOS:000259899300101
PM 18811577
ER
PT J
AU Phillips, CA
AF Phillips, Craig A.
TI Guidance algorithm for range maximization and time-of-flight control of
a guided projectile
SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA Missile Sciences Conference
CY NOV 14-16, 2006
CL Monterey, CA
SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut
ID MODEL-PREDICTIVE CONTROL; IMPACT ANGLE CONTROL; MISSILE GUIDANCE;
PROPORTIONAL NAVIGATION; ENGAGEMENTS; ENTRY; GLIDE
AB The availability of gun-hardened guidance and control systems has made highly accurate gun-launched rocket-assisted guided projectiles feasible. A composite guidance algorithm is presented for such vehicles. The algorithm is capable of extending range and cross-range capability of the projectile, and allows it to be retargeted after launch. The algorithm also employs model predictive control to control time of flight to allow a salvo of projectiles to arrive simultaneously. The time-of-flight control achieves its objective by trajectory shaping and corrects for winds, off-nominal launch conditions, and rocket motor variations.
C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Unmanned Syst Integrat Branch, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA.
RP Phillips, CA (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Unmanned Syst Integrat Branch, G82,17320 Dahlgren Rd, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA.
NR 28
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 11
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0731-5090
J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM
JI J. Guid. Control Dyn.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 31
IS 5
BP 1447
EP 1455
DI 10.2514/1.31327
PG 9
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 349FB
UT WOS:000259265600025
ER
PT J
AU Fahroo, F
Ross, IM
AF Fahroo, Fariba
Ross, I. Michael
TI Convergence of the costates does not imply convergence of the control
SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID FEEDBACK LINEARIZABLE SYSTEMS; PSEUDOSPECTRAL METHODS; PRINCIPLE
C1 [Fahroo, Fariba] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Ross, I. Michael] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Fahroo, F (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM ffahroo@nps.edu; imross@nps.edu
FU U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FIATA0-60-62G002]
FX We gratefully acknowledge partial funding for this research provided to
one of the authors (Ross) by the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific
Research (AFOSR) under AFOSR grant FIATA0-60-62G002. We also take this
opportunity to express our appreciation to Qi Gong, with whom we had
many stimulating discussions about the convergence of pseudospectral
methods.
NR 27
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0731-5090
J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM
JI J. Guid. Control Dyn.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 31
IS 5
BP 1492
EP 1497
DI 10.2514/1.37331
PG 6
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 349FB
UT WOS:000259265600030
ER
PT J
AU Langlois, JLR
Scheeres, D
AF Langlois, Justin L. R.
Scheeres, Daniel
TI Examining groundtrack geometry transitions by evaluating the number of
longitude-rate zeros
SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Langlois, Justin L. R.] Univ Michigan, USN, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Scheeres, Daniel] Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Langlois, JLR (reprint author), Univ Michigan, USN, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0731-5090
J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM
JI J. Guid. Control Dyn.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 31
IS 5
BP 1516
EP 1521
DI 10.2514/1.34089
PG 6
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 349FB
UT WOS:000259265600036
ER
PT J
AU Lukacs, JA
Yakimenko, OA
AF Lukacs, John A., IV
Yakimenko, Oleg A.
TI Trajectory-shaping guidance for interception of ballistic missiles
during the boost phase
SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference
CY AUG 20-23, 2007
CL Hilton Head Isl, SC
C1 [Lukacs, John A., IV] USA, Def Tech Informat Ctr, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA.
[Yakimenko, Oleg A.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Lukacs, JA (reprint author), USA, Def Tech Informat Ctr, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA.
EM john.lukacs.iv@gmail.com; oayakime@nps.edu
NR 11
TC 4
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0731-5090
J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM
JI J. Guid. Control Dyn.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 31
IS 5
BP 1524
EP 1531
DI 10.2514/1.32262
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 349FB
UT WOS:000259265600038
ER
PT J
AU Ames, GH
Hansen, CM
Poulsen, CV
Maguire, JM
AF Ames, Gregory H.
Hansen, Christopher M.
Poulsen, Christian V.
Maguire, Jason M.
TI Reduced Acceleration Sensitivity of Fiber Lasers
SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Fiber laser; frequency noise; interferometer; phase noise
ID FREQUENCY; NOISE; FEEDBACK; MOPA
AB A new packaging design is presented for an erbium-doped fiber laser, which is shown to greatly reduce the sensitivity of the laser frequency noise to environmental acceleration. The laser's performance makes it suitable for applications in interferometric systems in field environments where the laser may be exposed to high vibration.
C1 [Ames, Gregory H.; Hansen, Christopher M.; Maguire, Jason M.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
[Poulsen, Christian V.] Koheras AS, DK-3460 Birkerod, Denmark.
RP Ames, GH (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
EM amesgh@npt.nuwc.navy.mil; chanson@csciences.com; cvp@koheras.com;
MaguireJM@npt.nuwc.navy.mil
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0733-8724
J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL
JI J. Lightwave Technol.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 26
IS 17-20
BP 3149
EP 3154
DI 10.1109/JLT.2008.920120
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications
GA 397IU
UT WOS:000262657200019
ER
PT J
AU Brady, RR
AF Brady, Ryan R.
TI Structural breaks and consumer credit: Is consumption smoothing finally
a reality?
SO JOURNAL OF MACROECONOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE consumption; consumer credit; structural breaks; deregulation
ID PERMANENT-INCOME HYPOTHESIS; LIQUIDITY CONSTRAINTS; MONETARY-POLICY;
UNITED-STATES; PANEL DATA; TESTS; CYCLE; INDUSTRY; ECONOMY; MODELS
AB Has structural change in consumer credit made consumption smoother? Given recent empirical analysis the consumer's inability to smooth consumption appears as prevalent as ever. In this paper, however, I show that structural change in consumer credit appears to have made consumption smoothing a reality. First, using the statistical methods of Bai and Perron [Bai, J., Perron, P., 1998. Estimating and testing linear models with multiple structural changes. Econometrica. 66(1), 47-78; Bai, J., Perron, P., 2003. Computation and analysis of multiple structural change models. Journal of Applied Econometrics 18(1), 1-22], 1 find structural breaks in the series for consumer credit and consumption at various points from 1959 to 2005. Most notably, structural breaks occur in total consumer credit and revolving consumer credit in the 1990s. Based on the break date estimates, I estimate a structural equation of consumption growth in line with previous empirical tests of the permanent-income hypothesis. Consumption smoothing is evident in the data after the mid-1980s and into the 2000s. The findings of this paper have important implications for a variety of economic research. The evidence for consumption smoothing bears directly on the efficacy of monetary policy and fiscal policy, as well as on the recent discussion of the decline in macroeconomic volatility since the 1980s. (c) Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 USN Acad, Dept Econ, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Brady, RR (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Econ, 589 McNair Rd,Mail Stop 10D, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM rbrady@usna.edu
NR 59
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 7
PU LOUISIANA STATE UNIV PR
PI BATON ROUGE
PA BATON ROUGE, LA 70893 USA
SN 0164-0704
J9 J MACROECON
JI J. Macroecon.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1246
EP 1268
DI 10.1016/j.jmacro.2007.04.004
PG 23
WC Economics
SC Business & Economics
GA 355AR
UT WOS:000259681500025
ER
PT J
AU Prescott, DW
Miller, JB
Tourigny, CI
Sauer, KL
AF Prescott, David W.
Miller, Joel B.
Tourigny, Chris
Sauer, Karen L.
TI Nuclear quadrupole resonance single-pulse echoes
SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE
LA English
DT Article
DE NQR; inhomogeneous fields; single-pulse echo; explosives detection
ID FREE-INDUCTION DECAY; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SPIN-LOCKING; NMR; MECHANISMS;
SYSTEMS
AB We report the first detection of a spin echo after excitation of a powder sample by a single poise at the resonance frequency during nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR). These echoes can Occur in samples that have an inhomogeneously broadened line, in this case due to the distribution of electric field gradients. The echoes are easily detectable when the Rabi frequency approaches the linewidth and the average effective tipping angle is close to 270 degrees. When limited by a weak radio-frequency field, the single-pulse echo can be used to increase the signal to noise ratio over conventional techniques. These effects can be Used to optimize the NQR detection of contraband containing quadrupole nuclei and they are demonstrated with glycine hemihydrochloride and hexhydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX). (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Prescott, David W.; Tourigny, Chris; Sauer, Karen L.] George Mason Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Miller, Joel B.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Prescott, DW (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 4400 Univ Dr MS 3F3, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM dprescot@gmu.edu
FU NSF [0547987, 0137971]; Office of Naval Research
FX This work was supported under NSF Grants #0547987 and #0137971, and
J.B.M. acknowledges support from the Office of Naval Research.
NR 27
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1090-7807
EI 1096-0856
J9 J MAGN RESON
JI J. Magn. Reson.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 194
IS 1
BP 1
EP 7
DI 10.1016/j.jmr.2008.05.020
PG 7
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical;
Spectroscopy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physics; Spectroscopy
GA 344OV
UT WOS:000258938100001
PM 18571445
ER
PT J
AU Frazier, RM
Feigelson, BN
Twigg, ME
Murthy, M
Freitas, JA
AF Frazier, R. M.
Feigelson, B. N.
Twigg, M. E.
Murthy, M.
Freitas, J. A.
TI Growth and characterization of III-N bulk crystals
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Conference on Semiconducting and Insulating Materials
(SIMC-XIV)
CY MAY 15-20, 2007
CL Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR
HO Univ Arkansas
ID GAN; DEVICES; TRANSISTOR; BLUE
AB Hexagonal BN crystals were grown from solution by application of a thermal gradient. The solvent used to dissolve the source was optimized by changing the ratio of components to have the lowest melting point. The investigation of adding a third component demonstrated further reduction of the melting point with BN as an additive. A solution was created with enhanced properties allowing the growth of BN. BN was grown on a PBN seed at T(g) = 900 degrees C and P = 0.2 MPa for approximately 65 h. The BN crystals were found to be embedded in a solvent matrix, as determined by EDS. In addition, GaN crystals were grown in a modified solution at T(g) = 800 degrees C and P = 0.2 MPa. Raman spectroscopy verified wurtzite GaN structure with good crystallinity. The successful growth of BN and GaN from solution suggests this to be a method of choice for growth of the III-Ns, and may prove to be a viable alternative to current costly wafer production techniques.
C1 [Frazier, R. M.; Feigelson, B. N.; Twigg, M. E.; Murthy, M.; Freitas, J. A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Frazier, R. M.] Univ Alabama, AIME, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
[Feigelson, B. N.] SAIC, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Murthy, M.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RP Frazier, RM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM rmfrazier@bama.ua.edu
NR 13
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0957-4522
J9 J MATER SCI-MATER EL
JI J. Mater. Sci.-Mater. Electron.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 19
IS 8-9
BP 845
EP 848
DI 10.1007/s10854-007-9500-5
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics
GA 301EK
UT WOS:000255879000033
ER
PT J
AU Holtzclaw, D
Toscano, N
AF Holtzclaw, Dan
Toscano, Nicholas
TI Alternative anesthetic technique for maxillary periodontal surgery
SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE case report; injection; local anesthesia; maxilla; palate
ID ANTERIOR; SYRINGE
AB Background: Maxillary periodontal surgery typically requires multiple injections and may inadvertently affect facial structures such as the upper lip, lateral aspect of the nose, and lower eyelid. To minimize these sequelae and reduce the number of total injections, a relatively new injection technique has been proposed for maxillary procedures. The anterior middle superior alveolar (AMSA) injection is reported to effectively anesthetize maxillary teeth and associated gingival tissues extending from the buccal root of the first molar mesially to the central incisor with a single injection while avoiding undesirable side effects. The purpose of this article is to provide background information on the AMSA injection and demonstrate its use in a variety of maxillary periodontal surgeries.
Methods: Anesthesia was provided for flue separate maxillary periodontal surgeries with unilateral or bilateral AMSA injections. Injections were administered via conventional syringe with a 27-gauge needle. Confirmation of anesthesia was subjectively tested with buccal mucosal sticks and palatal transgingival probing. Results: The AMSA injection provided promising results for a variety of maxillary periodontal surgical procedures. Benefits of the AMSA injection included outstanding palatal hemostatic control, avoidance of undesirable collateral anesthesia, and a reduced number of cumulative injections. Drawbacks of the AMSA injection included occasionally inadequate buccal hemostatic control and short-lived anesthesia of the maxillary central incisors.
Conclusion: The AMSA injection is a novel anesthetic technique that may prove useful for certain maxillary periodontal surgeries.
C1 [Holtzclaw, Dan] USN, Naval Hosp Pensacola, Dept Periodont, Pensacola, FL USA.
[Toscano, Nicholas] USN, Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Periodont, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA.
RP Holtzclaw, D (reprint author), Naval Air Stn Pensacola, Hlth Clin, Naval Branch, 450 Turner St, Pensacola, FL 32508 USA.
NR 9
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY
PI CHICAGO
PA 737 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE, SUITE 800, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2690 USA
SN 0022-3492
J9 J PERIODONTOL
JI J. Periodont.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 9
BP 1769
EP 1772
DI 10.1902/jop.2008.070621
PG 4
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
GA 350IS
UT WOS:000259346600022
PM 18771380
ER
PT J
AU de Groot-Hedlin, CD
Hedlin, MAH
Walker, KT
Drob, DP
Zumberge, MA
AF de Groot-Hedlin, Catherine D.
Hedlin, Michael A. H.
Walker, Kristoffer T.
Drob, Douglas P.
Zumberge, Mark A.
TI Evaluation of infrasound signals from the shuttle Atlantis using a large
seismic network
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID MOVING MEDIUM; SONIC-BOOMS; ATMOSPHERE; PROPAGATION; CONCORDE; MIDDLE;
MODEL; RAY
AB Inclement weather in Florida forced the space shuttle "Atlantis" to land at Edwards Air Force Base in southern California on June 22, 2007, passing near three infrasound stations and several hundred seismic stations in northern Mexico, southern California, and Nevada. The high signal-to-noise ratio, broad receiver coverage, and Atlantis' positional information allow for the testing of infrasound propagation modeling capabilities through the atmosphere to regional distances. Shadow zones and arrival times are predicted by tracing rays that are launched at right angles to the conical shock front surrounding the shuttle through a standard climatological model as well as a global ground to space model. The predictions and observations compare favorably over much of the study area for both atmospheric specifications. To the east of the shuttle trajectory, there were no detections beyond the primary acoustic carpet. Infrasound energy was detected hundreds of kilometers to the west and northwest (NW) of the shuttle trajectory, consistent with the predictions of ducting due to the westward summer-time stratospheric jet. Both atmospheric models predict alternating regions of high and low ensonifications to the NW. However, infrasound energy was detected tens of kilometers beyond the predicted zones of ensonification, possibly due to uncertainties in stratospheric wind speeds. (C) 2008 Acoustical Society of America.
C1 [de Groot-Hedlin, Catherine D.; Hedlin, Michael A. H.; Walker, Kristoffer T.; Zumberge, Mark A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Drob, Douglas P.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP de Groot-Hedlin, CD (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RI de Groot-Hedlin, Catherine/A-4919-2013; Drob, Douglas/G-4061-2014
OI de Groot-Hedlin, Catherine/0000-0002-3063-2805; Drob,
Douglas/0000-0002-2045-7740
NR 30
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 3
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
EI 1520-8524
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 124
IS 3
BP 1442
EP 1451
DI 10.1121/1.2956475
PN 1
PG 10
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 356PQ
UT WOS:000259790500007
PM 19045636
ER
PT J
AU Colosi, JA
AF Colosi, John A.
TI Acoustic mode coupling induced by shallow water nonlinear internal
waves: Sensitivity to environmental conditions and space-time scales of
internal waves
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTH CHINA SEA; INTENSITY FLUCTUATIONS; SCATTERING EXPERIMENT;
CONTINENTAL-SHELF; SOUND INTENSITY; PROPAGATION; SOLITONS; OCEAN;
TRANSMISSIONS; STATISTICS
AB While many results have been intuited from numerical simulation studies, the precise connections between shallow-water acoustic variability and the space-time scales of nonlinear internal waves (NLIWs) as well as the background environmental conditions have not been clearly established analytically. Two-dimensional coupled mode propagation through NLIWs is examined using a perturbation series solution in which each order n is associated with nth-order multiple scattering. Importantly, the perturbation solution gives resonance conditions that pick out specific NLIW scales that cause coupling, and seabed attenuation is demonstrated to broaden these resonances, fundamentally changing the coupling behavior at low frequency. Sound-speed inhomogeneities caused by internal solitary waves (ISWs) are primarily considered and the dependence of mode coupling on ISW amplitude, range width, depth structure, location relative to the source, and packet characteristics are delineated as a function of acoustic frequency. In addition, it is seen that significant energy transfer to modes with initially low or zero energy involves at least a second order scattering process. Under moderate scattering conditions, comparisons of first order, single scattering theoretical predictions to direct numerical simulation demonstrate the accuracy of the approach for acoustic frequencies upto 400 Hz and for single as well as multiple ISW wave packets. (C) 2008 Acoustical Society of America.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Colosi, JA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
NR 30
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 2
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 124
IS 3
BP 1452
EP 1464
DI 10.1121/1.2956471
PN 1
PG 13
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 356PQ
UT WOS:000259790500008
PM 19045637
ER
PT J
AU Turgut, A
Yamamoto, T
AF Turgut, Altan
Yamamoto, Tokuo
TI In situ measurements of velocity dispersion and attenuation in New
Jersey Shelf sediments
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID MARINE-SEDIMENTS
AB The existence of acoustic velocity dispersion and frequency dependence of attenuation in marine sediments is investigated using in situ measurements from a wideband acoustic probe system during the Shallow Water 2006 experiment. Direct-path pulse propagation measurements show evidence of velocity dispersion within the 10-80 kHz frequency band at two silty-sand sites on the New Jersey Shelf. The measured attenuation in dB/m shows linear frequency dependency within the 10-80 kHz frequency band. The measured velocity dispersion and attenuation curves are in good agreement with those predicted by an extended Biot theory [Yamamoto and Turgut, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 83, 1744-1751 (1988)] for sediments with a distribution of pore sizes. (C) 2008 Acoustical Society of America.
C1 [Turgut, Altan] USN, Res Lab, Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Yamamoto, Tokuo] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Div Appl Marine Phys, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Turgut, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM turgut@nrl.navy.mil; Tyamamoto@rsmas.miami.edu
FU Office of the Naval Research
FX This work was supported by the Office of the Naval Research. The authors
thank the crew of the R/V Knorr for the excellent support during the
2006 Shallow Water Experiment. They also thank Chief Scientist Dr. D. J.
Tang for the scientific support.
NR 11
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 5
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 124
IS 3
BP EL122
EP EL127
DI 10.1121/1.2961404
PN 2
PG 6
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 356PR
UT WOS:000259790600011
PM 19045553
ER
PT J
AU Choi, SR
AF Choi, Sung R.
TI Foreign object damage phenomenon by steel ball projectiles in a SiC/SiC
ceramic matrix composite at ambient and elevated temperatures
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID GRADE SILICON NITRIDES; IMPACT DAMAGE; STRENGTH DEGRADATION; PARTICLE
IMPACT; INDENTATION; SURFACES; EROSION; SPHERES; MODEL
AB Foreign object damage (FOD) phenomenon of a gas-turbine grade SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite (CMC) was determined at 25 degrees and 1316 degrees C using impact velocities ranging from 115 to 440 m/s by 1.59-mm diameter steel ball projectiles. Two types of target-specimen support were employed at each temperature: fully supported and partially supported. For a given temperature, the degree of impact damage increased with increasing impact velocity, and was greater in partial support than in full support. The elevated-temperature FOD resistance of the composite, particularly in partial support at higher impact velocities >= 350 m/s, was significantly less than the ambient-temperature counterpart, attributed to a weakening effect of the composite. In full support, frontal contact stresses played a major role in generating composite damage; whereas, in partial support both frontal contact and backside tensile stresses were combined sources of damage generation. Formation of cone cracks initiating from impact site was also one of the key damage features. The SiC/SiC composite was able to survive higher energy impacts without complete structural failure, as compared with gas-turbine grade AS800 and SN282 monolithic silicon nitrides.
C1 USN, Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA.
RP Choi, SR (reprint author), USN, Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA.
EM sung.choil@navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research
FX This work was financially supported by Office of Naval Research
NR 30
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 1
U2 7
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0002-7820
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 91
IS 9
BP 2963
EP 2968
DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02498.x
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA 347ON
UT WOS:000259151000030
ER
PT J
AU Holtzclaw, D
Toscano, N
Eisenlohr, L
Callan, D
AF Holtzclaw, Dan
Toscano, Nicholas
Eisenlohr, Lisa
Callan, Don
TI The safety of bone allografts used in dentistry - A review
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE bone; bone grafting; disclosure; doctor-patient relationship;
documentation; patient education
ID TISSUE; TRANSPLANTATION; KNEE
AB Background. Recent media reports concerning "stolen body parts" have shaken the public's trust in the safety of and the use of ethical practices involving human allografts. The authors provide a comprehensive review of the safety aspects of human bone allografts.
Methods. The authors reviewed U.S. government regulations, industry standards, independent industry association guidelines, company guidelines and scientific articles related to the use of human bone allografts in the practice of dentistry published in the English language.
Results. The use of human bone allografts in the practice of dentistry involves the steps of procurement, processing, use and tracking. Rigorous donor screening and aseptic proprietary processing programs have rendered the use of human bone allografts safe and effective as a treatment option.
Conclusions. When purchasing human bone allografts for the practice of dentistry, one should choose products accredited by the American Association of Tissue Banks for meeting uniformly high safety and quality control measures.
Clinical Implications. Knowledge of human bone allograft procurement, processing, use and tracking procedures may allow dental clinicians to better educate their patients and address concerns about this valuable treatment option.
C1 [Holtzclaw, Dan] USN, Air Stn Pensacola, Naval Branch Hlth Clin, Pensacola, FL 32508 USA.
[Toscano, Nicholas] USN, Branch Hlth Clin, Washington Navy Yard, WA USA.
[Eisenlohr, Lisa] LifeNet Hlth, Bioimplants Div, Phy & Med Staff Educ, Virginia Beach, VA USA.
[Callan, Don] Ltd Implants & Bone Regenerat, Little Rock, AR USA.
RP Holtzclaw, D (reprint author), USN, Air Stn Pensacola, Naval Branch Hlth Clin, 450 Turner St, Pensacola, FL 32508 USA.
EM Danny.Holtzclaw@med.navy.mil
NR 26
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER DENTAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA
SN 0002-8177
J9 J AM DENT ASSOC
JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 139
IS 9
BP 1192
EP 1199
PG 8
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
GA 348WX
UT WOS:000259241900012
PM 18762629
ER
PT J
AU Hoffmann, WC
Fritz, BK
Farooq, M
Cooperband, MF
AF Hoffmann, W. Clint
Fritz, Bradley K.
Farooq, Muhammad
Cooperband, Miriam F.
TI Effects of wind speed on aerosol spray penetration in adult mosquito
bioassay cages
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE sentinel mosquito cages; ULV; droplet deposition; wind tunnel; laser
diffraction
ID DROPLET SIZE; SCREENS
AB Bioassay cages are commonly used to assess efficacy of insecticides against adult mosquitoes in the field. To correlate adult mortality readings to insecticidal efficacy and/or spray application parameters properly, it is important to know how the cage used in the bioassay interacts with the spray cloud containing the applied insecticide. This study compared the size of droplets, wind speed, and amount of spray material penetrating cages and outside of cages in a wind tunnel at different wind speeds. Two bioassay cages, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology (CMAVE) and Circle, were evaluated. The screen materials used on these cages reduced the size of droplets, wind speed, and amount of spray material inside the cages as compared to the spray cloud and wind velocity outside of the cages. When the wind speed in the dispersion tunnel was set at 0.6 m/sec (1.3 mph), the mean wind speed inside of the CMAVE Bioassay Cage and Circle Cage was 0.045 m/sec (0.10 mph) and 0.075 m/sec (0.17 mph), respectively. At air velocities of 2.2 m/sec (4.9 mph) in the dispersion tunnel, the mean wind speed inside of the CMAVE Bioassay Cage and Circle Cage was 0.83 m/sec (1.86 mph) and 0.71 m/sec (1.59 mph), respectively. Consequently, there was a consistent 50-70% reduction of spray material penetrating the cages compared to the spray cloud that approached the cages. These results provide a better understanding of the impact of wind speed, cage design, and construction on ultra-low-volume spray droplets.
C1 [Hoffmann, W. Clint] USDA ARS, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
[Fritz, Bradley K.; Farooq, Muhammad] USN, Navy Entomol Ctr Excellence, Jacksonville, FL USA.
[Cooperband, Miriam F.] Univ Florida, USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Hoffmann, WC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, 2771 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
FU Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB)
FX This study was supported in part by a grant from the Deployed
War-Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program, funded by the U.
Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board
(AFPMB). The authors would like to thank Phil Jank for his assistance
during data collection and processing.
NR 17
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC
PI EATONTOWN
PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA
SN 8756-971X
J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR
JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 3
BP 419
EP 426
DI 10.2987/5707.1
PG 8
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 351XX
UT WOS:000259460400013
PM 18939696
ER
PT J
AU Markowicz, KM
Flatau, PJ
Remiszewska, J
Witek, M
Reid, EA
Reid, JS
Bucholtz, A
Holben, B
AF Markowicz, K. M.
Flatau, P. J.
Remiszewska, J.
Witek, M.
Reid, E. A.
Reid, J. S.
Bucholtz, A.
Holben, B.
TI Observations and modeling of the surface aerosol radiative forcing
during UAE(2)
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID VAPOR COLUMN ABUNDANCE; KUWAIT OIL FIRES; WATER-VAPOR;
OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; AIRBORNE MEASUREMENTS; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; LIDAR
MEASUREMENTS; BOUNDARY-LAYER; DUST AEROSOLS; PERSIAN-GULF
AB Aerosol radiative forcing in the Persian Gulf region is derived from data collected during the United Arab Emirates (UAE) Unified Aerosol Experiment (UAE(2)). This campaign took place in August and September of 2004. The land -sea-breeze circulation modulates the diurnal variability of the aerosol properties and aerosol radiative forcing at the surface. Larger aerosol radiative forcing is observed during the land breeze in comparison to the sea breeze. The aerosol optical properties change as the onshore wind brings slightly cleaner air. The mean diurnal value of the surface aerosol forcing during the UAE2 campaign is about -20 W m(-2), which corresponds to large aerosol optical thickness (0.45 at 500 nm). The aerosol forcing efficiency [i. e., broadband shortwave forcing per unit optical depth at 550 nm, W m(-2) (tau(500))(-1)] is -53 W m(-2) (tau(500))(-1) and the average single scattering albedo is 0.93 at 550 nm.
C1 [Markowicz, K. M.; Witek, M.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Geophys, PL-02093 Warsaw, Poland.
[Flatau, P. J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Remiszewska, J.] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Geophys, Warsaw 42, Poland.
[Reid, E. A.; Reid, J. S.; Bucholtz, A.] USN, Marine Meteorol Div, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
[Holben, B.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Markowicz, KM (reprint author), Univ Warsaw, Inst Geophys, Pasteura 7, PL-02093 Warsaw, Poland.
EM kmark@uninet.com.pl
RI Reid, Jeffrey/B-7633-2014; Flatau, Piotr/E-2219-2011; Witek,
Marcin/G-9440-2016
OI Reid, Jeffrey/0000-0002-5147-7955;
NR 65
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
EI 1520-0469
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 65
IS 9
BP 2877
EP 2891
DI 10.1175/2007JAS2555.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 350UO
UT WOS:000259378800007
ER
PT J
AU Dudley, WS
AF Dudley, William S.
TI Commodore John Rodgers: Paragon of the Early American Navy.
SO JOURNAL OF THE EARLY REPUBLIC
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Dudley, William S.] So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA.
[Dudley, William S.] USN, Hist Ctr, Washington, DC USA.
[Dudley, William S.] Maryland Hist Soc, Maritime Comm, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
RP Dudley, WS (reprint author), So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV PENNSYLVANIA PRESS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA JOURNALS DIVISION, 3905 SPRUCE STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA
SN 0275-1275
J9 J EARLY REPUBL
JI J. Early Repub.
PD FAL
PY 2008
VL 28
IS 3
BP 506
EP 511
PG 6
WC History
SC History
GA V23LE
UT WOS:000208343500020
ER
PT J
AU Dudley, WS
AF Dudley, William S.
TI Admiral Lord Howe: A Biography.
SO JOURNAL OF THE EARLY REPUBLIC
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Dudley, William S.] So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA.
[Dudley, William S.] USN, Hist Ctr, Washington, DC USA.
[Dudley, William S.] Maryland Hist Soc, Maritime Comm, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
RP Dudley, WS (reprint author), So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV PENNSYLVANIA PRESS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA JOURNALS DIVISION, 3905 SPRUCE STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA
SN 0275-1275
J9 J EARLY REPUBL
JI J. Early Repub.
PD FAL
PY 2008
VL 28
IS 3
BP 506
EP 511
PG 6
WC History
SC History
GA V23LE
UT WOS:000208343500019
ER
PT J
AU Amin, M
Madan, RN
AF Amin, Moeness
Madan, Rabinder N.
TI Advances in Indoor Radar Imaging
SO JOURNAL OF THE FRANKLIN INSTITUTE-ENGINEERING AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Amin, Moeness] Villanova Univ, Coll Engn, Ctr Adv Commun, Villanova, PA 19085 USA.
[Madan, Rabinder N.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
RP Amin, M (reprint author), Villanova Univ, Coll Engn, Ctr Adv Commun, 800 Lancaster Ave, Villanova, PA 19085 USA.
EM moeness@ece.vill.edu; madanr@onr.navy.mil
NR 0
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-0032
J9 J FRANKLIN I
JI J. Frankl. Inst.-Eng. Appl. Math.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 345
IS 6
BP 553
EP 555
DI 10.1016/j.jfranklin.2008.05.001
PG 3
WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Multidisciplinary;
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary
Applications
SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Mathematics
GA 320AB
UT WOS:000257205000001
ER
PT J
AU Taller, J
Kamdar, JP
Greene, JA
Morgan, RA
Blankenship, CL
Dabrowski, P
Sharpe, RP
AF Taller, Janos
Kamdar, Jinu P.
Greene, Jeffrey A.
Morgan, Robert A.
Blankenship, Charles L.
Dabrowski, Paul
Sharpe, Richard P.
TI Temporary vascular shunts as initial treatment of proximal extremity
vascular injuries during combat operations: The new standard of care at
Echelon II facilities?
SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 66th Annual Meeting of the
American-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma
CY SEP 27-29, 2007
CL Las Vegas, NV
SP Amer Assoc Surg Trauma
DE temporary vascular shunts; war injuries; operation Iraqi freedom; FRSS
ID PRIMARY REPAIR; IRAQI-FREEDOM; MANAGEMENT; EXPERIENCE; TRAUMA; ARTERIES;
REGISTRY; WAR
AB Background: Historically, penetrating injuries to the extremities account for up to 75% of wounds sustained during combat and 10% of deaths. Rapid vascular control and perfusion of injured extremities at forward deployed Echelon II surgical facilities is essential to limit loss of life and maximize limb preservation. We review our experience with the management of extremity vascular trauma and report the largest single Echelon II experience to date on temporary vascular shunting (TVS) for proximal extremity vascular injuries.
Methods: Data on combat trauma patients presenting to a US Navy Echelon II forward surgical facility in Iraq were prospectively recorded during a 7-month period. Patients with suspected vascular injuries underwent exploration in the operating room. After vessel control, thrombectomy and instillation of heparinized saline, vascular injuries in the proximal extremity were temporarily shunted in a standardized fashion. Vascular injuries in the distal extremity were routinely ligated. After shunting, patients were transported to an Echelon III facility in the Iraqi Theater and underwent vascular reconstruction. They were followed through transfer to the Continental United States or discharge into the civilian Iraqi medical system. Shunt patency, limb salvage, and survival data were obtained by retrospective review of electronic medical records.
Results: Six hundred ten combat trauma patients were treated from August 16, 2006 to February 25, 2007. Thirty-seven patients (6.1%) sustained 73 injuries to major extremity vascular structures. Twenty-three proximal vascular shunts were placed in 16 patients with mean Injury Severity Score of 25 (range, 17-43) and mean mangled extremity severity score (MESS) of 8 (range, 5-10). Twenty-two of 23 shunts (95.6%) were patent upon arrival to the Echelon III facility and underwent successful autologous vein reconstruction. All shunt patients survived their injuries with 100% early limb preservation as followed through their first 30 days of medical care or discharge into the local medical community.
Conclusions: Complex combat injuries to proximal extremity vessels should be routinely shunted at forward-deployed Echelon II facilities as part of the resuscitative, damage control process.
C1 [Taller, Janos] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Surg, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Sharpe, Richard P.] Naval Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Portsmouth, VA USA.
[Blankenship, Charles L.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Bethesda, MD USA.
[Kamdar, Jinu P.] Naval Hosp Great Lakes, Dept Surg, N Chicago, IL USA.
[Greene, Jeffrey A.] Naval Hosp, Dept Orthoped Surg, Lemoore, CA USA.
Reading & Hosp Med Ctr, Dept Trauma Surg, Reading, PA USA.
RP Taller, J (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Surg, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM janos.taller@med.navy.mil
NR 20
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0022-5282
EI 1529-8809
J9 J TRAUMA
JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 65
IS 3
BP 595
EP 601
DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e31818234aa
PG 7
WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery
SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery
GA 350BC
UT WOS:000259326400019
PM 18784573
ER
PT J
AU McDowell, LK
Cafarella, M
AF McDowell, Luke K.
Cafarella, Michael
TI Ontology-driven, unsupervised instance population
SO JOURNAL OF WEB SEMANTICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th International World Wide Web Conference
CY MAY 08-12, 2007
CL Banff, CANADA
DE Semantic Web; Ontology-driven; Instance population; Classification;
Confidence assessment
ID WEB
AB The Semantic Web's need for machine understandable content has led researchers to attempt to automatically acquire such content from a number of sources, including the web. To date, such research has focused on "document-driven" systems that individually process a small set of documents, annotating each with respect to a given ontology. This article introduces OntoSyphon, an alternative that strives to more fully leverage existing ontological content while scaling to extract comparatively shallow content from millions of documents. OntoSyphon operates in an "ontology-driven" manner: taking any ontology as input, OntoSyphon uses the ontology to specify web searches that identify possible semantic instances, relations, and taxonomic information. Redundancy in the web, together with information from the ontology, is then used to automatically verify these candidate instances and relations, enabling OntoSyphon to operate in a fully automated, unsupervised manner. A prototype of OntoSyphon is fully implemented and we present experimental results that demonstrate substantial instance population in three domains based on independently constructed ontologies. We show that using the whole web as a corpus for veri. cation yields the best results, but that using a much smaller web corpus can also yield strong performance. In addition, we consider the problem of selecting the best class for each candidate instance that is discovered, and the problem of ranking the final results. For both problems we introduce new solutions and demonstrate that, for both the small and large corpora, they consistently improve upon previously known techniques. Published by Elsevier B. V.
C1 [McDowell, Luke K.] USN Acad, Dept Comp Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Cafarella, Michael] Univ Washington, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP McDowell, LK (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Comp Sci, 572M Holloway Rd Stop 9F, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM lmcdowel@usna.edu
NR 66
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1570-8268
J9 J WEB SEMANT
JI J. Web Semant.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 6
IS 3
BP 218
EP 236
DI 10.1016/j.websem.2008.04.002
PG 19
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information
Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 397NR
UT WOS:000262669900005
ER
PT J
AU Bean, K
Nemelka, K
Canchola, P
Hacker, S
Sturdivant, RX
Rico, PJ
AF Bean, Krystal
Nemelka, Kevin
Canchola, Patrick
Hacker, Sander
Sturdivant, Rodney X.
Rico, Pedro J.
TI Effects of housing density on Long Evans and Fischer 344 rats
SO LAB ANIMAL
LA English
DT Article
ID STRESS-LIKE RESPONSES; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; FEMALE RATS; COMMON
PROCEDURES; LABORATORY RATS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; HEART-RATE; CAGE SIZE;
BEHAVIOR; AGGRESSION
AB At many breeding facilities, rats are housed at relatively high densities until they are 5 weeks old, at which point they are either shipped for research or rehoused at standard cage densities according to weight. The authors carried out a pilot study in Long Evans and in Fischer 344 rats to investigate whether continuing to house rats at high densities (24 in(2) floor space per rat) past the age of 5 weeks, through puberty and into adulthood would alter behavioral or physiological parameters compared with raising rats at standard densities ( about 72 in(2) floor space per rat). After rats reached puberty, the authors rehoused them with unfamiliar cagemates. The researchers evaluated clinical and behavioral signs of stress, weight, blood glucose concentration, white blood cell count and serum corticosterone concentration. Overall, cage density had little effect on the parameters measured, though gender seemed to affect stress in Long Evans rats. The results suggest that rats of these strains can be raised at the higher densities tested until any age and regrouped with unfamiliar cagemates without compromising rats' welfare or subsequent experimental data.
C1 [Bean, Krystal; Nemelka, Kevin; Canchola, Patrick; Rico, Pedro J.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Vet Med, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Hacker, Sander] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Anim Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
[Sturdivant, Rodney X.] US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA.
RP Bean, K (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Vet Med, Silver Spring, MD USA.
EM krystal.bean@us.army.mil
NR 28
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 5
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 0093-7355
J9 LAB ANIMAL
JI Lab Anim.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 37
IS 9
BP 421
EP 428
DI 10.1038/laban0908-421
PG 8
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 340QW
UT WOS:000258661100009
PM 18719695
ER
PT J
AU Jordan, PM
Dai, W
Mickens, RE
AF Jordan, P. M.
Dai, W.
Mickens, R. E.
TI A note on the delayed heat equation: Instability with respect to initial
data
SO MECHANICS RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE delayed heat equation; single and dual phase lag models; laplace
transform; instability; Lambert W-function
ID POSED PROBLEM; CONDUCTION; GROWTH
AB Working in the context of a simple, one-dimensional, initial-boundary value problem involving homogeneous Dirichlet boundary data, we show that the time delayed heat equation can exhibit a type of instability with respect to the initial condition (IC); specifically, we show that a slight (in the L-2 sense) change in the IC can change a well-posed problem to an ill-posed one. We also establish that a physically realistic solution is possible only if the IC is of a (very) specific form. The main implication of this study is that the single and dual phase lag models, which have been put forward as possible alternatives to Fourier's law, are not valid constitutive relations for the thermal flux vector. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Jordan, P. M.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[Dai, W.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Coll Engn & Sci, Ruston, LA 71272 USA.
[Mickens, R. E.] Clark Atlanta Univ, Dept Phys, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA.
RP Jordan, PM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7181, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM pjordan@nrlssc.navy.mil
NR 20
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 0
U2 7
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0093-6413
J9 MECH RES COMMUN
JI Mech. Res. Commun.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 6
BP 414
EP 420
DI 10.1016/j.mechrescom.2008.04.001
PG 7
WC Mechanics
SC Mechanics
GA 330VG
UT WOS:000257970300009
ER
PT J
AU Newbery, AP
Ahn, B
Hayes, RW
Pao, PS
Nutt, SR
Lavernia, EJ
AF Newbery, A. P.
Ahn, B.
Hayes, R. W.
Pao, P. S.
Nutt, S. R.
Lavernia, E. J.
TI Consolidation and forging methods for a cryomilled Al alloy
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR
AB The method used to consolidate a cryogenically ball-milled powder is critical to the retention of superior strength along with acceptable tensile ductility in the bulk product. In this study, gas-atomized Al 5083 powder was cryomilled, hot vacuum degassed, and consolidated by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) or by quasi-isostatic (QI) forging to produce low-porosity billets. The billets were then forged, either at high strain rate (without a die) or quasi-isostatically, and subsequently hot rolled to produce three 6.5-mm-thick plates. Despite extended periods at elevated temperatures and differences between the consolidation/deformation methods, a similar predominantly ultrafine grain microstructure was obtained in all three plates. The plates possessed similar ultimate tensile strengths, about 50 pct greater than standard work-hardened Al 5083. However, in terms of fracture toughness, there were significant differences between the plates. Debonding at prior cryomilled powder particle surfaces was an important fracture mechanism for "HIPped" material, leading to low toughness for crack surfaces in the plane of the plate. This effect was minimized by the implementation of double QI forging, producing plate with good isotropic fracture toughness. The type of particle boundary deformation during forging and the influence of impurities appeared to be more important in determining fracture toughness than the presence of -10 vol pct coarser micron-sized grains.
C1 [Newbery, A. P.; Lavernia, E. J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Ahn, B.; Nutt, S. R.] Univ So Calif, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Hayes, R. W.] Met Technol Inc, Northridge, CA 91324 USA.
[Pao, P. S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM apnewbery@ucdavis.edu
RI Ahn, Byungmin/B-3845-2010; Lavernia, Enrique/I-6472-2013
OI Ahn, Byungmin/0000-0002-0866-6398; Lavernia, Enrique/0000-0003-2124-8964
NR 15
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1073-5623
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 39A
IS 9
BP 2193
EP 2205
DI 10.1007/s11661-008-9554-x
PG 13
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 330OG
UT WOS:000257952100018
ER
PT J
AU Looney, R
AF Looney, Robert
TI The Political Economy of Saudi Arabia
SO MIDDLE EAST JOURNAL
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Looney, Robert] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Looney, R (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MIDDLE EAST INST
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1761 N ST NW, CIRCULATION DEPT, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2882 USA
SN 0026-3141
J9 MIDDLE EAST J
JI Middle East J.
PD FAL
PY 2008
VL 62
IS 4
BP 716
EP 718
PG 3
WC Area Studies
SC Area Studies
GA 369SO
UT WOS:000260714400017
ER
PT J
AU Looney, R
AF Looney, Robert
TI A political economy of the Middle East, 3rd edition
SO MIDDLE EAST POLICY
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Looney, Robert] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Looney, R (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1061-1924
J9 MIDDLE EAST POLICY
JI Middle East Policy
PD FAL
PY 2008
VL 15
IS 3
BP 163
EP 167
PG 5
WC Area Studies; International Relations
SC Area Studies; International Relations
GA 345CZ
UT WOS:000258974900018
ER
PT J
AU Shen-Gunther, J
AF Shen-Gunther, Jane
TI ON-Q anesthetic pump in gynecologic oncology: Feasibility study of a
novel placement technique at an army hospital
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Meeting of the Armed Forces District of the
American-College-of-Obstetricians-and-Gynecologists
CY OCT 17-20, 2004
CL San Diego, CA
SP Amer Coll Obstet & Gynecologists, Armed Forces Dist
ID RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; BUPIVACAINE; PAIN; INFUSION
AB Objectives: The goals were (1) to describe a novel placement technique for the ON-Q anesthetic system based on somatic neural anatomy and (2) to determine its feasibility, efficacy, and associated morbidity among surgical patients on a gynecologic oncology service. Methods: A retrospective observational study of 100 consecutive patients who underwent a vertical laparotomy and received an ON-Q system was performed. The ON-Q system was composed of a soaker catheter (threaded longitudinally within the rectus sheaths) and an elastomer pump that infused 0.5% bupivacaine at 2 mL/hour for up to 5 days. Results: The average duration of ON-Q system use was 4.4 days (range, 2-5 days). The median numeric pain scores (range, 0-10) were 3, 2, 1, 0, and 0 on postoperative days 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. Complications encountered included suturing of the catheter to the fascia (n = 1). wound hematomas (n = 2), and device failure (n = 1). Conclusions: Intrafascial placement of the ON-Q soaker catheter for bupivacaine infusion appears effective for incisional analgesia, with negligible wound morbidity and device failure rates.
C1 USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
RP Shen-Gunther, J (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 9
BP 918
EP 923
PG 6
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 352YW
UT WOS:000259534300016
PM 18816934
ER
PT J
AU Harr, PA
Anwender, D
Jones, SC
AF Harr, Patrick A.
Anwender, Doris
Jones, Sarah C.
TI Predictability associated with the downstream impacts of the
extratropical transition of tropical cyclones: Methodology and a case
study of Typhoon Nabi (2005)
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC; ENSEMBLE PREDICTION SYSTEM; CLUSTER-ANALYSIS;
MIDLATITUDE; MODEL; REINTENSIFICATION; EVOLUTION; SPREAD; SKILL
AB Measures of the variability among ensemble members from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction ensemble prediction system are examined with respect to forecasts of the extratropical transition (ET) of Typhoon Nabi over the western North Pacific during September 2005. In this study, variability among ensemble members is used as a proxy for predictability. The time - longitude distribution of standard deviations among 500-hPa height fields from the ensemble members is found to increase across the North Pacific following the completion of the extratropical transition. Furthermore, the increase in ensemble standard deviation is organized such that an increase is associated with the extratropical transition and another increase extends downstream from the ET event. The organization and amplitude of the standard deviations increase from 144 h until approximately 72 - 48 h prior to the completion of the extratropical transition, and then decrease as the forecast interval decreases.
An empirical orthogonal function analysis of potential temperature on the dynamic tropopause is applied to ensemble members to identify the spatial and temporal organization of centers of variability related to the extratropical transition. The principal components are then used in a fuzzy cluster analysis to examine the grouping of forecast sequences in the collection of ensemble members. The number of forecast groups decreases as the forecast interval to the completion of the ET decreases. However, there is a systematic progression of centers of variability downstream of the ET event. Once the variability associated with the ET begins to decrease, the variability downstream of the ET event also begins to decrease.
C1 [Harr, Patrick A.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Anwender, Doris; Jones, Sarah C.] Univ Karlsruhe, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res, Karlsruhe, Germany.
RP Harr, PA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM paharr@nps.edu
RI Jones, Sarah/B-2339-2013
FU Office of Naval Research, Marine Meteorology Program
FX This study was sponsored in part by the Office of Naval Research, Marine
Meteorology Program. The authors acknowledge the constructive comments
from two reviewers.
NR 26
TC 47
Z9 48
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 136
IS 9
BP 3205
EP 3225
DI 10.1175/2008MWR2248.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 349QF
UT WOS:000259295200001
ER
PT J
AU Anwender, D
Harr, PA
Jones, SC
AF Anwender, Doris
Harr, Patrick A.
Jones, Sarah C.
TI Predictability associated with the downstream impacts of the
extratropical transition of tropical cyclones: Case studies
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC; REINTENSIFICATION; MIDLATITUDE; SYSTEM
AB The extratropical transition ( ET) of tropical cyclones often has a negative impact on the predictability of the atmospheric situation both around the ET event and farther downstream. The predictability of five ET cases of different intensities in the North Atlantic and the western North Pacific is investigated using the ECMWF ensemble prediction system. The variability in the ensemble members is regarded as a measure of the predictability. Plumes of forecast uncertainty spread downstream of each ET event. Initialization times closer to the ET events yield higher predictability of the downstream flow independent of forecast lead time.
Principal component analysis and fuzzy clustering is used to assess the variability in the ensemble members and to identify groupings of the members that contribute in a similar way to the variability patterns. Applying the method to the potential temperature on the dynamic tropopause reveals a characteristic variability pattern in all five cases that is closely related to the synoptic patterns of the ET events. Clusters that contribute in a similar manner to the variability patterns exhibit similar ET developments in the different cases. A probability can be assigned to a given group based on the number of members in the group. The number of clusters decreases with shorter forecast intervals and the difference between the clusters becomes less marked. This indicates an increase of predictability.
The usefulness of ensemble prediction is highlighted in the weak ET cases in that a low probability is assigned to the erroneous deterministic forecasts.
C1 [Anwender, Doris; Jones, Sarah C.] Univ Karlsruhe, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
[Harr, Patrick A.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Anwender, D (reprint author), Univ Karlsruhe, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res, Kaiserstr 12, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
EM doris.anwender@imk.uka.de
RI Jones, Sarah/B-2339-2013
FU Office of Naval Research, Marine Meteorology Program
FX This study was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research, Marine
Meteorology Program. Acknowledgement is made for the use of ECMWF's
computing and archive facilities through the special project "The impact
of tropical cyclones on extratropical predictability." We are grateful
to Ron McTaggart-Cowan and an anonymous reviewer for their thorough and
insightful reviews, which helped us improve this manuscript.
NR 17
TC 53
Z9 54
U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 136
IS 9
BP 3226
EP 3247
DI 10.1175/2008MWR2249.1
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 349QF
UT WOS:000259295200002
ER
PT J
AU Lin, II
Wu, CC
Pun, IF
Ko, DS
AF Lin, I. -I.
Wu, Chun-Chieh
Pun, Iam-Fei
Ko, Dong-Shan
TI Upper-ocean thermal structure and the western North Pacific category 5
typhoons. Part I: Ocean features and the category 5 typhoons'
intensification
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPICAL CYCLONE INTENSITY; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; MIXED-LAYER
RESPONSE; HURRICANE INTENSITY; VARIABILITY; EDDY; TRANSPORT; ALTIMETRY;
CLIMATE; MODEL
AB Category 5 cyclones are the most intense and devastating cyclones on earth. With increasing observations of category 5 cyclones, such as Hurricane Katrina (2005), Rita (2005), Mitch (1998), and Supertyphoon Maemi (2003) found to intensify on warm ocean features (i. e., regions of positive sea surface height anomalies detected by satellite altimeters), there is great interest in investigating the role ocean features play in the intensification of category 5 cyclones. Based on 13 yr of satellite altimetry data, in situ and climatological upper-ocean thermal structure data, best-track typhoon data of the U. S. Joint Typhoon Warning Center, together with an ocean mixed layer model, 30 western North Pacific category 5 typhoons that occurred during the typhoon season from 1993 to 2005 are systematically examined in this study.
Two different types of situations are found. The first type is the situation found in the western North Pacific south eddy zone (SEZ; 21-26 N, 127-170 E) and the Kuroshio (21-30 N, 127-170 E) region. In these regions, the background climatological warm layer is relatively shallow (typically the depth of the 26 C isotherm is around 60 m and the upper-ocean heat content is similar to 50 kJ cm(-2)). Therefore passing over positive features is critical to meet the ocean's part of necessary conditions in intensification because the features can effectively deepen the warm layer (depth of the 26 C isotherm reaching 100 m and upper-ocean heat content is similar to 110 kJ cm(-2)) to restrain the typhoon's self-induced ocean cooling. In the past 13 yr, 8 out of the 30 category 5 typhoons (i. e., 27%) belong to this situation.
The second type is the situation found in the gyre central region (10 degrees-21 degrees N, 121 degrees-170 degrees E) where the background climatological warm layer is deep (typically the depth of the 26 C isotherm is similar to 105-120 m and the upper-ocean heat content is similar to 80-120 kJ cm(-2)). In this deep, warm background, passing over positive features is not critical since the background itself is already sufficient to restrain the self-induced cooling negative feedback during intensification.
C1 [Lin, I. -I.; Wu, Chun-Chieh; Pun, Iam-Fei] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
[Ko, Dong-Shan] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Lin, II (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, 1 Sec 4,Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
EM iilin@as.ntu.edu.tw
RI Lin, I-I/J-4695-2013;
OI Lin, I-I/0000-0002-8364-8106; Wu, Chun-Chieh/0000-0002-3612-4537
FU National Science Council, Taiwan [NSC95-2611-M-002-024-MY3,
NSC97-2111-M-002-014-MY3, NTU-97R0302]; Taiwan National Science
Council's Integrated Typhoon-Ocean Program (ITOP); US Office of Naval
Research's Typhoon DRI
FX The authors thank Dr. Colin Stark for his helpful comments and Prof.
Dong-Ping Wang for providing the mixed layer model and helpful
discussions. Thanks also to NASA, Remote Sensing Systems, Argo in situ
ocean float team, and the Joint Typhoon Warning Center for data
provision. This work is supported by the National Science Council,
Taiwan through Grants NSC95-2611-M-002-024-MY3,
NSC97-2111-M-002-014-MY3, and NTU-97R0302. This work is also a
collaborative effort between Taiwan National Science Council's
Integrated Typhoon-Ocean Program (ITOP) and the US Office of Naval
Research's Typhoon DRI program.
NR 51
TC 104
Z9 108
U1 2
U2 14
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 136
IS 9
BP 3288
EP 3306
DI 10.1175/2008MWR2277.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 349QF
UT WOS:000259295200005
ER
PT J
AU Du, MH
Erwin, SC
Efros, AL
AF Du, Mao-Hua
Erwin, Steven C.
Efros, Al. L.
TI Trapped-dopant model of doping in semiconductor nanocrystals
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM DOTS; DOPED NANOCRYSTALS; DIFFUSION; CELLS; MN
AB We propose a framework for describing the impurity doping of semiconductor colloidal nanocrystals. The model is applicable when diffusion of impurities through the nanocrystal is sufficiently small that it can be neglected. In this regime, the incorporation of impurities requires that they stably adsorb on the nanocrystal surface before being overgrown. This adsorption may be preempted by surfactants in the growth solution. We analyze numerically this competition for the case of Mn doping of CdSe nanocrystals. Our model is consistent with recent experiments and offers a route to the rational optimization of doped colloidal nanocrystals.
C1 [Du, Mao-Hua; Erwin, Steven C.; Efros, Al. L.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Erwin, SC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM steven.erwin@nrl.navy.mil
RI Erwin, Steven/B-1850-2009; Du, Mao-Hua/B-2108-2010
OI Du, Mao-Hua/0000-0001-8796-167X
FU Office of Naval Research; National Research Council
FX We thank Ed Foos, Lijun Zu, and SuHuai Wei for valuable discussions.
This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research and the National
Research Council. Computations were performed at the DoD Major Shared
Resource Centers at ASC and NAVO.
NR 22
TC 47
Z9 47
U1 0
U2 22
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 8
IS 9
BP 2878
EP 2882
DI 10.1021/nl8016169
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 347KQ
UT WOS:000259140200048
PM 18680387
ER
PT J
AU Xu, XD
Sun, B
Berman, PR
Steel, DG
Bracker, AS
Gammon, D
Sham, LJ
AF Xu, Xiaodong
Sun, Bo
Berman, Paul R.
Steel, Duncan G.
Bracker, Allan S.
Gammon, Dan
Sham, L. J.
TI Coherent population trapping of an electron spin in a single negatively
charged quantum dot
SO NATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID COMMUNICATION; SPECTROSCOPY; COMPUTATION
AB Coherent population trapping (CPT) refers to the steady-state trapping of population in a coherent superposition of two ground states that are coupled by coherent optical fields to an intermediate state in a three-level atomic system(1). Recently, CPT has been observed in an ensemble of donor-bound spins in GaAs (ref.2) and in single nitrogen-vacancy centres in diamond(3) by using a fluorescence technique. Here, we report the demonstration of CPT of an electron spin in a single quantum dot. The observation demonstrates both the CPT of an electron spin and the successful generation of Raman coherence between the two spin ground states of the electron(4-6). This technique can be used to initialize, at about a gigahertz rate, an electron spin state in an arbitrary superposition by varying the ratio of the Rabi frequencies between the driving and probe fields. The results show the potential importance of charged quantum dots for a solid-state approach to the implementation of electromagnetically induced transparency(7,8), slow light(9), quantum information storage(10) and quantum repeaters(11,12).
C1 [Xu, Xiaodong; Sun, Bo; Berman, Paul R.; Steel, Duncan G.] Univ Michigan, HM Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Bracker, Allan S.; Gammon, Dan] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Sham, L. J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Steel, DG (reprint author), Univ Michigan, HM Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM dst@umich.edu
RI xu, xiaodong/C-4316-2008;
OI Sham, Lu/0000-0001-5718-2077
FU US ARO; DARPA; AFOSR; ONR; NSA/LPS; FOCUS-NSF
FX This work is supported by US ARO, DARPA, AFOSR, ONR, NSA/LPS and
FOCUS-NSF.
NR 28
TC 122
Z9 122
U1 1
U2 37
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1745-2473
J9 NAT PHYS
JI Nat. Phys.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 4
IS 9
BP 692
EP 695
DI 10.1038/nphys1054
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 355CK
UT WOS:000259686400011
ER
PT J
AU Alderson, DL
AF Alderson, David L.
TI Catching the "Network Science" Bug: Insight and Opportunity for the
Operations Researcher
SO OPERATIONS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
ID SCALE-FREE NETWORKS; SMALL-WORLD; COMPLEX NETWORKS;
COMMUNICATION-NETWORKS; INTERNET TOPOLOGY; FLOW PROBLEMS; POWER LAWS;
SYSTEMS; MODEL; OPTIMIZATION
AB Recent efforts to develop a universal view of complex networks have created both excitement and confusion about the way in which knowledge of network structure can be used to understand, control, or design system behavior. This paper offers perspective on the emerging field of "network science" in three ways. First, it briefly summarizes the origins, methodological approaches, and most celebrated contributions within this increasingly popular. field. Second, it contrasts the predominant perspective in the network science literature (that abstracts away domain-specific function and instead focuses on graph-theoretic measures of system structure and dynamics) with that of engineers and practitioners of decision science (who emphasize the importance of network performance, constraints, and trade-offs). Third, it proposes optimization-based reverse engineering to address some important open questions within network science from an operations research perspective. We advocate for increased, yet cautious, participation in this field by operations researchers.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Alderson, DL (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM dlalders@nps.edu
FU ONR MURI Award [N0001408WR20242]; NPS
FX The author thanks John Doyle and Walter Willinger for ongoing
conversations regarding organized complexity; Jeffrey Rothal for library
assistance; and Richard Larson first suggesting this topic as an article
for OR Forum. This manuscript benefited greatly from the feedback of
numerous NPS colleagues, two anonymous referees, and a helpful area
editor. This work was supported, in part, by ONR MURI Award #
N0001408WR20242 and an NPS institutional grant.
NR 121
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 11
PU INFORMS
PI CATONSVILLE
PA 5521 RESEARCH PARK DR, SUITE 200, CATONSVILLE, MD 21228 USA
SN 0030-364X
J9 OPER RES
JI Oper. Res.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 56
IS 5
BP 1047
EP 1065
DI 10.1287/opre.1080.0606
PG 19
WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science
SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science
GA 377FJ
UT WOS:000261236800001
ER
PT J
AU Olsen, EA
AF Olsen, Edward A.
TI ASIA, AMERICA, AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF GEOPOLITICS
SO PACIFIC AFFAIRS
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Olsen, Edward A.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Olsen, EA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PACIFIC AFFAIRS UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA
PI VANCOUVER
PA #164-1855 WEST MALL, VANCOUVER, BC V6T 1Z2, CANADA
SN 0030-851X
J9 PAC AFF
JI Pac. Aff.
PD FAL
PY 2008
VL 81
IS 3
BP 439
EP 441
PG 3
WC Area Studies
SC Area Studies
GA 375PA
UT WOS:000261124600009
ER
PT J
AU Wen, JM
Du, SW
Rubin, MH
Oh, E
AF Wen, Jianming
Du, Shengwang
Rubin, Morton H.
Oh, Eun
TI Two-photon beating experiment using biphotons generated from a two-level
system
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID BELL-INEQUALITY; INTERFERENCE; TIME; VIOLATION; QUANTUM; PROPAGATION;
CONVERSION; REFRACTION; ENERGY; INDEX
AB We propose a two- photon beating experiment based upon biphotons generated from a resonant pumping two-level system operating in a backward geometry. On the one hand, the linear optical-response leads biphotons produced from two sidebands in the Mollow triplet to propagate with tunable refractive indices, while the central-component propagates with unity refractive index. The relative phase difference due to different refractive indices is analogous to the pathway-length difference between long-long and short-short pathways in the original Franson interferometer. By subtracting the linear Rayleigh scattering of the pump, the visibility in the center part of the two-photon beating interference can be ideally manipulated among [0, 100%] by varying the pump power, the material length, and the atomic density, which indicates a Bell-type inequality violation. On the other hand, the proposed experiment may be an interesting way of probing the quantum nature of the detection process. The interference will disappear when the separation of the Mollow peaks approaches the fundamental time scales for photon absorption in the detector.
C1 [Wen, Jianming; Rubin, Morton H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.
[Du, Shengwang] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Oh, Eun] USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Oh, Eun] Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
RP Wen, JM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.
EM jianm1@umbc.edu
RI Wen, Jianming/A-2138-2011; Du, Shengwang/B-4475-2011;
OI Wen, Jianming/0000-0003-3373-7108; Du, Shengwang/0000-0002-7174-4571
FU U. S. Army Research Office [W911NF-05-1-0197]; Department of Physics at
the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Office of Naval
Research
FX The authors are grateful to Yanhua Shih, James D. Franson, and Todd B.
Pittman for fruitful discussions. We also thank the referees for
insightful suggestions. J.- M. W. and M. H. R. were supported in part by
the U. S. Army Research Office under MURI Grant No. W911NF-05-1-0197. S.
D. acknowledges the start-up support from the Department of Physics at
the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. E. O. was supported
by the Office of Naval Research.
NR 33
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 3
AR 033801
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.78.033801
PG 5
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 355DO
UT WOS:000259689400163
ER
PT J
AU Diaz-Guillen, MR
Moreno, KJ
Diaz-Guillen, JA
Fuentes, AF
Ngai, KL
Garcia-Barriocanal, J
Santamaria, J
Leon, C
AF Diaz-Guillen, M. R.
Moreno, K. J.
Diaz-Guillen, J. A.
Fuentes, A. F.
Ngai, K. L.
Garcia-Barriocanal, J.
Santamaria, J.
Leon, C.
TI Cation size effects in oxygen ion dynamics of highly disordered
pyrochlore-type ionic conductors
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRICAL RELAXATION; CONSTITUENT OXIDES; COUPLING MODEL; SPIN ICE;
CONDUCTIVITY; MIGRATION; DIFFUSION; GD2TI2O7; GLASSES; MELTS
AB In this work we evaluate the effect of cation size on the dc activation energy needed for oxygen ion migration, E(dc), in highly disordered pyrochlore-type ionic conductors A(2)B(2)O(7). Twenty six compositions with the general formula, Ln(2)Zr(2-y)Ti(y)O(7), Ln(1.7)Mg(0.3)Zr(2)O(7) (Ln=Y, Dy, and Gd), and Gd(2-y)La(y)Zr(2)O(7), were prepared by mechanical milling, and their electrical properties were measured by using impedance spectroscopy as a function of frequency and temperature. By using the coupling model we also examine the effect of cation radii R(A) and R(B) on the microscopic potential-energy barrier, E(a), which oxygen ions encounter when hopping into neighboring vacant sites. We find that, for a fixed B-site-cation radius R(B), both activation energies decrease with increasing A-site-cation size, R(A), as a consequence of the increase in the unit-cell volume. In contrast, for a given R(A) size, the E(dc) of the Ln(2)Zr(2-y)Ti(y)O(7) series increases when the average R(B) size increases. This behavior is associated with enhanced interactions among mobile oxygen ions as the structural disorder increases with R(B).
C1 [Garcia-Barriocanal, J.; Santamaria, J.; Leon, C.] Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Fis, Dept Fis Aplicada 3, GFMC, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
[Diaz-Guillen, M. R.; Moreno, K. J.; Diaz-Guillen, J. A.; Fuentes, A. F.] CINVESTAV, Saltillo 25000, Coahuila, Mexico.
[Ngai, K. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Leon, C (reprint author), Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Fis, Dept Fis Aplicada 3, GFMC, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
EM carletas@fis.ucm.es
RI Leon, Carlos/A-5587-2008; FUENTES, ANTONIO/A-3650-2008; Diaz-Guillen,
Mario/G-9272-2011; Moreno Bello, Karla /P-7445-2015; Santamaria,
Jacobo/N-8783-2016
OI Leon, Carlos/0000-0002-3262-1843; FUENTES, ANTONIO/0000-0003-3550-4228;
Moreno Bello, Karla /0000-0003-1823-270X; Santamaria,
Jacobo/0000-0003-4594-2686
FU Mexican Conacyt [SEP-2003-C02-44075]; Spanish MCYT [MAT2005-06024-C02,
MAT2008-06517-C02]; ONR [61153N]
FX This work has been carried out with the financial support of Mexican
Conacyt (Grant No. SEP-2003-C02-44075) and Spanish MCYT (Contracts No.
MAT2005-06024-C02 and No. MAT2008-06517-C02). M.R.D.G. thanks Conacyt
for financial support. K.L. Ngai was supported in part by ONR under
Program Element and Project 61153N.
NR 29
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 22
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 10
AR 104304
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.104304
PG 7
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 355DW
UT WOS:000259690400046
ER
PT J
AU Doty, MF
Scheibner, M
Bracker, AS
Ponomarev, IV
Reinecke, TL
Gammon, D
AF Doty, M. F.
Scheibner, M.
Bracker, A. S.
Ponomarev, I. V.
Reinecke, T. L.
Gammon, D.
TI Optical spectra of doubly charged quantum dot molecules in electric and
magnetic fields
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SPIN; STATES; HOLE
AB We present an experimental and theoretical study of the photoluminescence spectra of individual doubly charged quantum dot molecules. The quantum dot molecules consist of two vertically stacked InAs self-assembled quantum dots in a GaAs Schottky diode structure. We study two cases: (1) the two dots are charged with two electrons coherently coupled through electron tunneling and (2) the two dots are charged with two holes and coherently coupled through hole tunneling. The optically excited states consist of the two charges along with one or two additional electron-hole pairs, i. e., a doubly charged exciton and biexciton. We determine the spin states and the corresponding spectral fine structure and show how this fine structure depends on vertical electric and magnetic fields. We find that the results are in large part qualitatively similar for the two cases. However, when magnetic fields are applied, we find a strong g factor resonance and evidence of a bonding/antibonding reversal for the hole-tunneling case only. We discuss the implications for quantum information processing using spins confined in proximate dots.
C1 [Doty, M. F.; Scheibner, M.; Bracker, A. S.; Ponomarev, I. V.; Reinecke, T. L.; Gammon, D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Doty, MF (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Delaware, OH USA.
EM doty@udel.edu
RI Doty, Matthew/B-5075-2010; Ponomarev, Ilya/F-5183-2010
OI Doty, Matthew/0000-0001-7999-3567; Ponomarev, Ilya/0000-0002-8584-6034
NR 57
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 18
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 11
AR 115316
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.115316
PG 20
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 355EA
UT WOS:000259690800071
ER
PT J
AU Economou, SE
Reinecke, TL
AF Economou, Sophia E.
Reinecke, T. L.
TI Optically induced spin gates in coupled quantum dots using the
electron-hole exchange interaction
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-ELECTRON; DYNAMICS
AB We propose a fast optically induced two-qubit C-PHASE gate between two resident spins in a pair of coupled quantum dots. An excited bound state which extends over the two dots provides an effective electron-electron exchange interaction. The gate is made possible by the electron-hole exchange interaction, which isolates a single transition in the system. When combined with appropriate single-qubit rotations, this gate generates an entangled state of the two spins.
C1 [Economou, Sophia E.; Reinecke, T. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Economou, SE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
FU U. S. Office of Naval Research; NRC/NRL
FX We thank S. C. Badescu for useful discussions. This work was supported
by the U. S. Office of Naval Research. One of us (S. E. E.) was
supported by NRC/NRL.
NR 29
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 11
AR 115306
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.115306
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 355EA
UT WOS:000259690800061
ER
PT J
AU Crooker, PP
Colson, WB
Blau, J
Burggraff, D
Aguilar, JS
Benson, S
Neil, G
Shinn, M
Evtushenko, P
AF Crooker, P. P.
Colson, W. B.
Blau, J.
Burggraff, D.
Aguilar, J. Sans
Benson, S.
Neil, G.
Shinn, M.
Evtushenko, P.
TI Short Rayleigh length free electron laser: Experiments and simulations
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS
LA English
DT Article
AB We report experiments at Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Jlab) and computer simulations performed at the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) designed to probe the small Rayleigh length regime. We compare the gain, power, and sensitivity to mirror and electron beam misalignments as a function of decreasing Rayleigh length. The agreement is quite good, with experiments and simulations showing comparable trends as the Rayleigh length is decreased. In particular, we find that the gain and power do not decrease substantially at short Rayleigh length, contrary to a common Gaussian-mode filling factor argument. Within currently achievable alignment tolerances, the gain and power are still acceptable for FEL operation.
C1 [Crooker, P. P.; Colson, W. B.; Blau, J.; Burggraff, D.; Aguilar, J. Sans] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Benson, S.; Neil, G.; Shinn, M.; Evtushenko, P.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RP Crooker, PP (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
FU High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office; Office of Naval Research
FX Support for this project was provided by the High Energy Laser Joint
Technology Office and the Office of Naval Research.
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-4402
J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC
JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 11
IS 9
AR 090701
DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.11.090701
PG 5
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 366XU
UT WOS:000260517700002
ER
PT J
AU Hodyss, D
Nolan, DS
AF Hodyss, Daniel
Nolan, David S.
TI The Rossby-inertia-buoyancy instability in baroclinic vortices
SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS
LA English
DT Article
ID HURRICANE-LIKE VORTICES; RAPIDLY ROTATING VORTICES; POTENTIAL VORTICITY;
3-DIMENSIONAL PERTURBATIONS; AXISYMMETRICAL VORTEX; WAVE EMISSION;
GRAVITY-WAVES; POLYGONAL EYE; SHEAR FLOWS; STABILITY
AB The behavior of vortex Rossby (VR) waves undergoing inertia-buoyancy (IB) wave emission on vortices with baroclinic vertical structures is studied. We consider monotonic vortices, where the potential vorticity (PV) decays monotonically with radial distance from the vortex center, and "single-peak" vortices, where the PV reaches a single radial maximum off the vortex center. A linear anelastic model is numerically solved as an eigenvalue problem. The difference between Rossby-inertia-buoyancy (RIB) waves and traditional coupled VR wave barotropic instability is shown to be associated with the region of the vortex where the mode extracts its energy for growth. The dependence of the growth rate of these RIB modes on the radial and vertical PV gradients of the vortex is studied. New interpretations of the damping of RIB modes on baroclinic, monotonic vortices are found to be as follows: (1) RIB mode growth depends on a sensitive arrangement of radial momentum fluxes such that it is disrupted by the vertical tilting of the mode by the vortex vertical shear and (2) RIB modes have a more complicated structure than traditional barotropic instabilities such that eddy viscosity acts more strongly. It is also found that single-peak vortices with annular PV regions that are very thin favor barotropic instabilities with weak IB wave emission, but in contrast, relatively wider annular regions favor barotropic instabilities with strong IB wave emission. The modification of the vortex induced by RIB mode growth is briefly explored in a fully nonlinear model. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Hodyss, Daniel] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Nolan, David S.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Hodyss, D (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM daniel.hodyss@nrlmry.navy.mil
NR 36
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-6631
J9 PHYS FLUIDS
JI Phys. Fluids
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 9
AR 096602
DI 10.1063/1.2980354
PG 21
WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Mechanics; Physics
GA 360AV
UT WOS:000260030300043
ER
PT J
AU Babonneau, D
Primout, M
Girard, F
Jadaud, JP
Naudy, M
Villette, B
Depierreux, S
Blancard, C
Faussurier, G
Fournier, KB
Suter, L
Kauffman, R
Glenzer, S
Miller, MC
Grun, J
Davis, J
AF Babonneau, D.
Primout, M.
Girard, F.
Jadaud, J. -P.
Naudy, M.
Villette, B.
Depierreux, S.
Blancard, C.
Faussurier, G.
Fournier, K. B.
Suter, L.
Kauffman, R.
Glenzer, S.
Miller, M. C.
Grun, J.
Davis, J.
TI Efficient multi-keV X-ray sources from laser-exploded metallic thin
foils
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; SUBPICOSECOND LASER; PLASMAS; EMISSION; TARGETS;
EMISSIVITIES; SCATTERING
AB A set of materials-titanium, copper, and germanium-has been experimented with at the OMEGA laser facility [Boehly, Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)] by irradiating thin foils with a prepulse prior to a main pulse with variable delay, in order to design efficient x-ray laser-sources for backlighting, material testing, and code validation. This concept led to increasing factors from 2 to 4 comparing to cases without prepulse, in the experimental conditions. As a result, high multi-keV x-ray conversion rates have been obtained: 9% for titanium around 4 keV, 1% for copper around 8 keV, and 2.5 to 3% for germanium around 10 keV, which places these pre-exploded metallic targets close to the gas with respect to their performance, with wider energy range. A good agreement with hydroradiative code FCI2 [Schurtz, Phys. Plasmas 7, 4238 (2000)] calculations is found for titanium and copper on all diagnostics, with nonlocal-thermal-equilibrium atomic physics and, either nonlocal thermal conduction taking self-generated B-fields into account, or limited thermal conduction with intensity-dependent factor f. The results for germanium indicate that dielectronic processes could play a more significant role when higher irradiation intensity on higher Z material. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Babonneau, D.; Primout, M.; Girard, F.; Jadaud, J. -P.; Naudy, M.; Villette, B.; Depierreux, S.; Blancard, C.; Faussurier, G.] Commissariat Energie Atom, Ctr Ile France, F-91297 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France.
[Fournier, K. B.; Suter, L.; Kauffman, R.; Glenzer, S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Miller, M. C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Grun, J.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Davis, J.] ALME & Associates, Alexandria, VA 22303 USA.
RP Babonneau, D (reprint author), Commissariat Energie Atom, Ctr Ile France, F-91297 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France.
EM daniele.babonneau@cea.fr
NR 47
TC 45
Z9 48
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
EI 1089-7674
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 15
IS 9
AR 092702
DI 10.1063/1.2973480
PG 15
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 360BG
UT WOS:000260031400037
ER
PT J
AU Kohl, JG
Singer, IL
Simonson, DL
AF Kohl, James G.
Singer, Irwin L.
Simonson, Duane L.
TI Determining the viscoelastic parameters of thin elastomer based
materials using continuous microindentation
SO POLYMER TESTING
LA English
DT Article
DE silicone coating; viscoelasticity; modulus; indentation
ID SILICONE DUPLEX COATINGS; DEPTH-SENSING INDENTATION; ELASTIC-MODULUS;
DURABILITY; RUBBER
AB Depth-sensing indentation (DSI) was used to evaluate the viscoelastic properties of three proprietary silicone-based coatings and four butyl-based rubber sheets. The coatings are used as layers in silicone bilayer coatings. The elastic indentation modulus, E* irrecoverable deformation energy and elastic energy were determined in an earlier study using the unloading data of DSI tests and applying a creep correction method proposed by Ngan et al. The model used in this study to characterize the coatings was the standard four parameter Maxwell-Voigt viscoelastic model combined with the elastic indentation load-depth model for a Berkovich indenter as proposed by Fischer-Cripps. This model fits the data quite well, The parameters E-1*, E-2*, eta(1), and eta(2) were found by curve fitting this model with the indentation depth versus time data while held at a constant maximum load. The parameter E-1* is equivalent to E*; values of El obtained using the Fischer-Cripps technique were 6.8 +/- 0.9 MPa, 109 +/- 7 MPa, and 4.2 +/- 0.5 MPa for bond coat A, bond coat B, and the top coat, respectively. One purpose of this paper is to demonstrate a technique to determine viscoelastic parameters of silicone-based elastomers. It is hoped that these parameters may then be used in the evaluation and development of more durable silicone-based foul release coatings. Another purpose is to apply this technique to other elastomer-based materials such as butyl-based rubbers. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kohl, James G.] Univ San Diego, Dept Engn, San Diego, CA 92110 USA.
[Singer, Irwin L.; Simonson, Duane L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Kohl, JG (reprint author), Univ San Diego, Dept Engn, San Diego, CA 92110 USA.
EM jkohl@sandiego.edu
RI Kohl, James /E-5365-2011
NR 12
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0142-9418
J9 POLYM TEST
JI Polym. Test
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 27
IS 6
BP 679
EP 682
DI 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2008.04.010
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Polymer Science
SC Materials Science; Polymer Science
GA 351MO
UT WOS:000259428600006
ER
PT J
AU Delzer, JA
Hawley, JR
Romanyukha, A
Nemmers, S
Selwyn, R
Benevides, LA
AF Delzer, J. A.
Hawley, J. R.
Romanyukha, A.
Nemmers, S.
Selwyn, R.
Benevides, L. A.
TI LONG-TERM FADE STUDY OF THE DT-702 LiF: Mg,Cu,P TLD
SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID PERSONNEL DOSIMETRY; LIF-MG,CU,P; STABILITY; DETECTORS
AB LiF thermoluminescent dosemeters (TLDs) are used by the US Navy to record radiation exposure of personnel. The Model DT-648 LiF: Mg,Ti TLD has been replaced by a new Model DT-702 LiF: Mg,Cu,P TLD. The DT-648 was used for many years and has undergone extensive testing to identify its pre- and post-irradiation fade operating characteristics. Studies have shown that the addition of copper increases the thermoluminesence sensitivity of the TLD for improved low-level radiation monitoring. This study evaluates various fading characteristics of the new copper-doped dosemeter using current equipment for processing of TLDs and calibrating to a National Institute of Standards and Technology standard source. The 57-week study took place at the Naval Dosimetry Center, Bethesda, MD, USA. TLDs were stored for various lengths of time before and after being exposed to a National Institute of Standards and Technology calibrated radiation sources. TLDs were then processed using current US Navy instructions and the resulting dose compared with the calibrated exposure. Both loss of signal and loss of sensitivity were evaluated. The results of this study have shown that the DT-702 TLD has no statistically significant change in sensitivity or change in signal with up to 57 weeks of pre- or post-irradiation time. The results of this study will increase the accuracy of exposure record keeping for the Navy and will allow longer issue periods. This will increase flexibility with international and domestic shipping procedures, as well as reduce workload requirements for dosimetry processing.
C1 [Delzer, J. A.; Hawley, J. R.; Nemmers, S.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Romanyukha, A.; Selwyn, R.; Benevides, L. A.] USN, Dosimetry Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA.
RP Delzer, JA (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
EM delzer@tds.net
FU Naval Dosimetry Center Bethesda, MD USA
FX Funding for this study was provided by the Naval Dosimetry Center
Bethesda, MD USA.
NR 21
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0144-8420
EI 1742-3406
J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM
JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 131
IS 3
BP 279
EP 286
DI 10.1093/rpd/ncn182
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 463IG
UT WOS:000267424900002
PM 18621919
ER
PT J
AU Brook, DA
King, CL
AF Brook, Douglas A.
King, Cynthia L.
TI Federal Personnel Management Reform From Civil Service Reform Act to
National Security Reforms
SO REVIEW OF PUBLIC PERSONNEL ADMINISTRATION
LA English
DT Article
DE civil service reform; national security; federal personnel management
policy; Civil Service Reform Act
AB In what ways are current civil service reform efforts similar to and different from the qualities that characterize the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 (CSRA)? These issues are explored by examining the new personnel authorities granted to the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and to the Department of Defense (DoD) in the National Security Personnel System (NSPS). In many respects, current reforms preserve some of the ideas behind CSRA or they derive from the authorities included in the CSRA. In other respects, current reform departs from the CSRA model and new ideas related to enactment, design, and implementation of civil service reform have emerged. Furthermore, a new argument emerged in DHS and NSPS that had never before appeared in any public discourse on personnel management reform: the link between federal personnel management policy and national security.
C1 [Brook, Douglas A.; King, Cynthia L.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Ctr Def Management Reform, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Brook, DA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Ctr Def Management Reform, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM dabrook@nps.edu; clking@nps.edu
NR 31
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 7
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0734-371X
J9 REV PUBLIC PERS ADM
JI Rev. Public Pers. Adm.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 28
IS 3
BP 205
EP 221
DI 10.1177/0734371X08319286
PG 17
WC Public Administration
SC Public Administration
GA 537MS
UT WOS:000273117600003
ER
PT J
AU Heider, D
Deffor, H
Reuter, M
Gillespie, JW
Mohamed, M
Crane, R
AF Heider, Dirk
Deffor, Hope
Reuter, Mira
Gillespie, J. W., Jr.
Mohamed, Mansour
Crane, Roger
TI Large-scale joint fabrication using 3-D fabric preforms, sandwich core
structure and VARTM processing
SO SAMPE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPOSITE
AB This article investigated the fabrication and performance issues of large-scale composite T-joints. Carbon composite balscored sandwich panels were fabricated as the horizontal and vertical elements of the T-joints. Four different to join the sandwich panels were evaluated. All joint concepts in this study used a triangular balsa core insert with carbon face sheets made from 2-D and 3-D fabric reinforced materials to transfer load between the vertical and horizontal sandwich panels. The full-scale joint specimens were tested by supporting the ends of the horizontal panel and applying a pull-off load to the vertical member. The sequence of failure events was investigated. The paper outlines the various joining concepts utilizing 3-D preform material and ranks them based on mechanical performance. The study shows clearly the benefit of 3-D fabric as both the improved interlaminar properties and unique dimensional configuration can be used to optimize composite joint designs.
C1 [Heider, Dirk; Deffor, Hope; Reuter, Mira; Gillespie, J. W., Jr.] Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Mohamed, Mansour] 3TEX Inc, Cary, NC USA.
[Crane, Roger] USN, Surface Warfare Ctr Carderock, Bethesda, MD USA.
RP Heider, D (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
EM heider@udel.edu
FU US Navy [N00167-06-C-0004]
FX The authors are grateful to the US Navy for the funding of this research
through an SBIR Phase II project contract # N00167-06-C-0004 to 3TEX,
Inc.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU SAMPE PUBLISHERS
PI COVINA
PA 1161 PARKVIEW DRIVE, COVINA, CA 91722 USA
SN 0091-1062
J9 SAMPE J
JI Sampe J.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 44
IS 5
BP 29
EP 34
PG 6
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 343FX
UT WOS:000258839500009
ER
PT J
AU Moon, DW
Metzbower, EA
AF Moon, D. W.
Metzbower, E. A.
TI Hardness changes on pass-by-pass basis in HSLA 65 steel gas metal arc
welds
SO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF WELDING AND JOINING
LA English
DT Article
DE Hardness; High strength low alloy steel; Gas metal arc welds; Multipass
welds; Thermal theory
ID MACROSTRUCTURE; TEMPERATURE
AB A series of welds were fabricated in high strength low alloy 65 steel. The first pass went the entire length of the plate and each subsequent pass was indented similar to 25 mm. This allowed the authors to determine the change in hardness on a pass-by-pass basis by mapping the hardness over each weld pass.
C1 [Moon, D. W.] USN, Res Lab, Code 6356, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
USN, Res Lab, Code 6303, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Moon, DW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6356, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM moon@anvil.nrl.navy.mil
FU The Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA, USA
FX The Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA, USA, funded this work.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MANEY PUBLISHING
PI LEEDS
PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND
SN 1362-1718
J9 SCI TECHNOL WELD JOI
JI Sci. Technol. Weld. Join.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 13
IS 6
BP 533
EP 538
DI 10.1179/174329308X299940
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 372FO
UT WOS:000260887700006
ER
PT J
AU Garfinkel, SL
AF Garfinkel, Simson L.
TI Information of the world, unite!
SO SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN
LA English
DT Article
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
RP Garfinkel, SL (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
NR 4
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU SCI AMERICAN INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 415 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 0036-8733
J9 SCI AM
JI Sci.Am.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 299
IS 3
BP 82
EP 87
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 340VB
UT WOS:000258672000030
PM 18783056
ER
PT J
AU Brelsford, M
Beute, TC
AF Brelsford, Megan
Beute, Trisha Clarke
TI Preventing and Managing the Side Effects of Isotretinoin
SO SEMINARS IN CUTANEOUS MEDICINE AND SURGERY
LA English
DT Article
ID INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; SOY PROTEIN ISOLATE; RETINOID-INDUCED
HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA; ROUTINE BLOOD-TESTS; ACNE-VULGARIS; VITAMIN-E;
13-CIS-RETINOIC ACID; ORAL ISOTRETINOIN; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; MOOD CHANGES
AB Isotretinoin (1 3-cis-retinoic acid) is widely used for the treatment of severe acne as well as for disorders of conification, for psoriasis, and for skin cancer prevention. As a member of the retinoid family, it has a wide spectrum of side effects, including reproductive, cutaneous, ocular, neurological, musculoskeletal, and hepatic. As long as patients are able to tolerate these side effects, it can be a very effective treatment option. This article examines both the most common and the most concerning side effects as well as ways in which providers and patients may best manage them to be able to benefit from isotretinoin treatment. Semin Cutan Med Surg 27:197-206 (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Brelsford, Megan; Beute, Trisha Clarke] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Dermatol, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
RP Beute, TC (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Dermatol, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
EM Trisha.Beute@med.navy.mil
NR 79
TC 54
Z9 55
U1 1
U2 11
PU FRONTLINE MEDICAL COMMUNICATIONS
PI THE WOODLANDS
PA WRIGHTS MEDIA, 2407 TIMBERLOCH PLACE, SUITE B, THE WOODLANDS, TX 77386
USA
SN 1085-5629
EI 1558-0768
J9 SEMIN CUTAN MED SURG
JI Semin. Cutan. Med. Surg.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 27
IS 3
BP 197
EP 206
DI 10.1016/j.sder.2008.07.002
PG 10
WC Dermatology; Surgery
SC Dermatology; Surgery
GA 362LS
UT WOS:000260199800006
PM 18786498
ER
PT J
AU Kempiak, SJ
Uebelhoer, N
AF Kempiak, Stephan John
Uebelhoer, Nathan
TI Superficial Chemical Peels and Microdermabrasion for Acne Vulgaris
SO SEMINARS IN CUTANEOUS MEDICINE AND SURGERY
LA English
DT Article
ID OXIDE CRYSTAL MICRODERMABRASION; NODULAR CUTANEOUS ELASTOSIS;
SALICYLIC-ACID PEELS; GLYCOLIC ACID; ALPHA-HYDROXY; PYRUVIC-ACID; SKIN
CARE; DERMABRASION; MANAGEMENT; RATIONALE
AB Superficial chemical peels and microdermabrasion are used for many dermatologic conditions. A common condition treated with these modalities is acne vulgaris. In this review, we discuss the theory behind the technique of these procedures and describe the application and complications of each of these procedures in the office setting. The evaluation of patients before proceeding with the procedure and discuss pre- and postpeel regimens used for patients is discussed. We also analyze studies on both of these in-office procedures and comparative studies between the 2 most commonly used superficial chemical peeling agents, glycolic and salicylic acid. Semin Cutan Med Surg 27:212-220 (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Uebelhoer, Nathan] USN, Dept Dermatol, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Kempiak, Stephan John] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
RP Uebelhoer, N (reprint author), USN, Dept Dermatol, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM nathan.uebelhoer@med.navy.mil
NR 54
TC 10
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 2
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 1085-5629
J9 SEMIN CUTAN MED SURG
JI Semin. Cutan. Med. Surg.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 27
IS 3
BP 212
EP 220
DI 10.1016/j.sder.2008.06.003
PG 9
WC Dermatology; Surgery
SC Dermatology; Surgery
GA 362LS
UT WOS:000260199800008
PM 18786500
ER
PT J
AU Ladner, R
Petry, F
Gupta, KM
Warner, E
Moore, P
Aha, DW
AF Ladner, Roy
Petry, Frederick
Gupta, Kalyan Moy
Warner, Elizabeth
Moore, Philip
Aha, David W.
TI Soft computing techniques for web services brokering
SO SOFT COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE case-based classifier; rough sets; information gain; MetOc; ontology;
Web Services
AB To enhance and improve the interoperability of meteorological Web Services, we are currently developing an Integrated Web Services Brokering System (IWB). IWB uses a case-based classifier to automatically discover Web Services. In this paper, we explore the use of rough set techniques for selecting features prior to classification. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this feature technique by comparing it with a leading non-rough set (Information Gain) feature selection technique.
C1 [Petry, Frederick; Warner, Elizabeth] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[Ladner, Roy] Naval Meteorol & Oceanog Command, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA.
[Gupta, Kalyan Moy] Knexus Res Corp, Springfield, VA USA.
[Moore, Philip] ITT Ind, Alexandria, VA USA.
[Aha, David W.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Petry, F (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM roy.ladner@navy.mil; fpetry@nrlssc.navy.mil; kalyan.gupta@nrl.navy.mil;
ewarner@nrlssc.navy.mil; moore@aic.nrl.navy.mil; aha@aic.nrl.navy.mil
RI Petry, Frederick/F-9894-2010
NR 14
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1432-7643
J9 SOFT COMPUT
JI Soft Comput.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 12
IS 11
BP 1089
EP 1098
DI 10.1007/s00500-008-0277-0
PG 10
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science,
Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Computer Science
GA 314RD
UT WOS:000256825600007
ER
PT J
AU Kim, BJ
Mastro, MA
Jung, H
Kim, HY
Kim, SH
Holm, RT
Hite, J
Eddy, CR
Bang, J
Kim, J
AF Kim, Byung-Jae
Mastro, Michael A.
Jung, Hyunjung
Kim, Hong-Yeol
Kim, Sung Hyun
Holm, Ron T.
Hite, Jennifer
Eddy, Charles R., Jr.
Bang, Joona
Kim, Jihyun
TI Inductively coupled plasma etching of nano-patterned sapphire for
flip-chip GaN light emitting diode applications
SO THIN SOLID FILMS
LA English
DT Letter
DE light emitting diodes; surface texturing; plasma etching; sapphire; GaN
ID DISTRIBUTED BRAGG REFLECTORS; FABRICATION; EXTRACTION; EFFICIENCY;
ARRAYS
AB The flip-chip configuration is employed for the production of high-brightness GaN-based light emitting diodes to improve the extraction of heat. A lithographic approach based on a sacrificial SiO2 nanosphere etch mask was developed to enhance the external extraction of light from the sapphire substrate. Closed-packed arrays of SiO2 nanospheres were prepared by a simple solution-based method on the sapphire substrate. Subsequent dry-etching via inductively coupled plasma using a gas mixture of BCl3 and Cl-2 transferred a pattern into the sapphire substrate with the lowest etching at the center of the SiO2 nanosphere. This process created an array of circular cones in the surface of the sapphire that were found to be effective in enhancing the light extraction efficiency through multi-photon scatterings. Room temperature photo luminescence exhibited an increase of 22.5% in intensity after the surface of sapphire was textured. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All fights reserved.
C1 [Kim, Byung-Jae; Jung, Hyunjung; Kim, Hong-Yeol; Kim, Sung Hyun; Holm, Ron T.; Bang, Joona; Kim, Jihyun] Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 136701, South Korea.
[Mastro, Michael A.; Holm, Ron T.; Hite, Jennifer; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Bang, J (reprint author), Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Anam Dong, Seoul 136701, South Korea.
EM joona@korea.ac.kr; hyunhyun7@korea.ac.kr
RI Bang, Joona/F-6589-2013; Kim, Jihyun/F-6940-2013; Kim, Sung
Hyun/F-7292-2013; Hite, Jennifer/L-5637-2015
OI Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826
NR 22
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 27
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0040-6090
J9 THIN SOLID FILMS
JI Thin Solid Films
PD SEP 1
PY 2008
VL 516
IS 21
BP 7744
EP 7747
DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2008.05.046
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings &
Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 355SF
UT WOS:000259727900078
ER
PT J
AU Guerry, P
Szymanski, CM
AF Guerry, Patricia
Szymanski, Christine M.
TI Campylobacter sugars sticking out
SO TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID N-LINKED GLYCOSYLATION; GENERAL PROTEIN GLYCOSYLATION; PSEUDAMINIC ACID
PATHWAY; GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; JEJUNI
81-176; IN-VITRO; BACTERIAL OLIGOSACCHARYLTRANSFERASE;
SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; LIPO-OLIGOSACCHARIDE
AB The amazing repertoire of glycoconjugates that are found in Campylobacter jejuni includes lipooligosaccharides mimicking human glycolipids, capsular polysaccharides with complex and unusual sugars, and proteins that are post-translationally modified with either O- or Winked glycans. Thus, the glycome of this important food-borne pathogen is an excellent toolbox for glycobiologists to understand the fundamentals of these pathways and their role in host-microbe interactions, develop new techniques for glycobiology and exploit these pathways for novel diagnostics and therapeutics. The exciting surge in recent research activities will be summarized in this review.
C1 [Guerry, Patricia] USN, Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Szymanski, Christine M.] CNR, Inst Biol Sci, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada.
RP Szymanski, CM (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.
EM cszymans@ualberta.ca
RI Guerry, Patricia/A-8024-2011; Szymanski, Christine/A-3763-2014
OI Szymanski, Christine/0000-0002-8464-1352
FU Military Infectious Diseases Research Program [6000.11ADLDA3.A0308]
FX The authors would like to thank Michel Gilbert for helpful comments,
Bruno Lacelle for the illustration in Figure 1 and Jean-Robert Brisson
for the models shown in Figure 2. P.G. is supported by the Military
Infectious Diseases Research Program (6000.11ADLDA3.A0308).
NR 75
TC 77
Z9 77
U1 3
U2 22
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0966-842X
J9 TRENDS MICROBIOL
JI Trends Microbiol.
PD SEP
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 9
BP 428
EP 435
DI 10.1016/j.tim.2008.07.002
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
GA 356AT
UT WOS:000259751800005
PM 18707886
ER
PT J
AU Butler, FK
Hagan, C
Murphy-Lavoie, H
AF Butler, F. K., Jr.
Hagan, C.
Murphy-Lavoie, H.
TI Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy and the Eye
SO UNDERSEA & HYPERBARIC MEDICINE
LA English
DT Review
ID RETINAL VEIN OCCLUSION; CYSTOID MACULAR EDEMA; INDUCED OPTIC NEUROPATHY;
INTRAVITREAL TRIAMCINOLONE ACETONIDE; ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR;
ARTERIAL GAS EMBOLISM; ANTERIOR SEGMENT ISCHEMIA; RHINO-ORBITAL
MUCORMYCOSIS; RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; INDUCED SCLERAL NECROSIS
C1 [Butler, F. K., Jr.] USN, Med Lessons Learned Ctr, Naval Operat Med Inst, Pensacola, FL USA.
[Hagan, C.] USN, Dept Ophthalmol, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[Murphy-Lavoie, H.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Med, Sect Emergency Med, New Orleans, LA USA.
RP Butler, FK (reprint author), USN, Med Lessons Learned Ctr, Naval Operat Med Inst, Pensacola, FL USA.
NR 374
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 10
PU UNDERSEA & HYPERBARIC MEDICAL SOC INC
PI DUNKIRK
PA 10020 SOUTHER MARYLAND BLVD, PO BOX 1020, DUNKIRK, MD 20754-1020 USA
SN 1066-2936
J9 UNDERSEA HYPERBAR M
JI Undersea Hyperb. Med.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 5
BP 333
EP 387
PG 55
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 368BC
UT WOS:000260595300002
PM 19024664
ER
PT J
AU Cai, D
Blair, D
Dufort, FJ
Gumina, MR
Huang, ZP
Hong, G
Wagner, D
Canahan, D
Kempa, K
Ren, ZF
Chiles, TC
AF Cai, Dong
Blair, Derek
Dufort, Fay J.
Gumina, Maria R.
Huang, Zhongping
Hong, George
Wagner, Dean
Canahan, D.
Kempa, K.
Ren, Z. F.
Chiles, Thomas C.
TI Interaction between carbon nanotubes and mammalian cells:
characterization by flow cytometry and application
SO NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES; IN-VIVO; DELIVERY; INTERNALIZATION;
TRANSPORTERS; SEPARATION; MEMBRANES; THERAPY; GROWTH
AB We show herein that CNT-cell complexes are formed in the presence of a magnetic field. The complexes were analyzed by flow cytometry as a quantitative method for monitoring the physical interactions between CNTs and cells. We observed an increase in side scattering signals, where the amplitude was proportional to the amount of CNTs that are associated with cells. Even after the formation of CNT-cell complexes, cell viability was not significantly decreased. The association between CNTs and cells was strong enough to be used for manipulating the complexes and thereby conducting cell separation with magnetic force. In addition, the CNT-cell complexes were also utilized to facilitate electroporation. We observed a time constant from CNT-cell complexes but not from cells alone, indicating a high level of pore formation in cell membranes. Experimentally, we achieved the expression of enhanced green fluorescence protein by using a low electroporation voltage after the formation of CNT-cell complexes. These results suggest that higher transfection efficiency, lower electroporation voltage, and miniaturized setup dimension of electroporation may be accomplished through the CNT strategy outlined herein.
C1 [Cai, Dong; Blair, Derek; Dufort, Fay J.; Gumina, Maria R.; Chiles, Thomas C.] Boston Coll, Dept Biol, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA.
[Huang, Zhongping; Canahan, D.] NanoLab Inc, Newton, MA 02458 USA.
[Hong, George] Millipore Corp, Bioproc Div, Bedford, MA 01730 USA.
[Wagner, Dean] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Detachment Environm Hlth Effects Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Kempa, K.; Ren, Z. F.] Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA.
RP Cai, D (reprint author), Boston Coll, Dept Biol, Higgins Hall, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA.
EM caid@bc.edu
RI Ren, Zhifeng/B-4275-2014
NR 31
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0957-4484
J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY
JI Nanotechnology
PD AUG 27
PY 2008
VL 19
IS 34
AR 345102
DI 10.1088/0957-4484/19/34/345102
PG 10
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA 326RJ
UT WOS:000257676300002
ER
PT J
AU Buhr, F
El Bakkouri, M
Valdez, O
Pollmann, S
Lebedev, N
Reinbothe, S
Reinbothe, C
AF Buhr, Frank
El Bakkouri, Majida
Valdez, Oscar
Pollmann, Stephan
Lebedev, Nikolai
Reinbothe, Steffen
Reinbothe, Christiane
TI Photoprotective role of NADPH : protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase A
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE chlorophyll biosynthesis; chloroplast development; greening; reactive
oxygen species
ID HORDEUM-VULGARE-L; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; CHLOROPHYLL BIOSYNTHESIS;
DOUBLE FLUORESCENT; IN-VITRO; LIGHT; POR; EXPRESSION; BARLEY;
IDENTIFICATION
AB A homology model of NADPH:protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) oxidoreductase A (POR; E.C. 1.3.33.1) of barley is developed and verified by site-directed mutagenesis. PORA is considered a globular protein consisting of nine a-helices and seven P-strands. The model predicts the presence of two functionally distinctive Pchlide binding sites where the pigment is coordinated by cystein residues. The pigment bound to the first, high-affinity Pchlide binding site is used for the formation of the photoactive state of the enzyme. The pigment bound to the second, low-affinity Pchlide binding site is involved in the PORA:PORB interaction, allowing for resonance energy transfer between the neighboring PORs in the complex. In the in vitro reconstituted light-harvesting POR:Pchlide complex (LHPP), light absorbed by PORA-bound Pchlide b is transferred to PORB-bound Pchlide a. That induces the conversion of Pchlide a to chlorophyllide (Chlide) a. This energy transfer eliminates the possibility of Pchlide b photoreduction and prevents that excited triplet states of either Pchlides a or b accumulate and provoke singlet oxygen production. Together, our results provide a photoprotective role of PORA during greening.
C1 [Buhr, Frank; Valdez, Oscar; Reinbothe, Christiane] Univ Bayreuth, Lehrstuhl Pflanzenphysiol, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
[El Bakkouri, Majida; Reinbothe, Steffen; Reinbothe, Christiane] Univ Grenoble 1, Ctr Etud & Rech Macromol Organ, CNRS, Fed Rech Evolut 3017, F-38041 Grenoble 9, France.
[Pollmann, Stephan] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Lehrstuhl Pflanzenphysiol, D-44801 Bochum, Germany.
[Lebedev, Nikolai] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Reinbothe, C (reprint author), Univ Bayreuth, Lehrstuhl Pflanzenphysiol, Univ Str 30, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
EM christiane.reinbothe@uni-bayreuth.de
RI Pollmann, Stephan/C-2776-2009
OI Pollmann, Stephan/0000-0002-5111-4425
FU Chaire d'Excellence program of the French Ministry of Research; Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft Research Project [DFG-RE1465/1-1, DFG-RE1465/1-2,
DFG-RE1465/1-3]
FX We thank Dr. E. Hideg (institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research
Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary) for gift of the
DanePy reagent and Dr. G. Tichtinsky for technical assistance with the
bacterial expression and purification of the barley PORA and PORB. This
study was supported by the Chaire d'Excellence program of the French
Ministry of Research and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Research
Project Grants DFG-RE1465/1-1, DFG-RE1465/1-2, and DFG-RE1465/1-3 (to
C.R.).
NR 39
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 1
U2 6
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD AUG 26
PY 2008
VL 105
IS 34
BP 12629
EP 12634
DI 10.1073/pnas.0803950105
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 344DJ
UT WOS:000258905700094
PM 18723681
ER
PT J
AU McKenzie, R
Darsley, M
Thomas, N
Randall, R
Carpenter, C
Forbes, E
Finucane, M
Sack, RB
Hall, E
Bourgeois, AL
AF McKenzie, Robin
Darsley, Michael
Thomas, Nicola
Randall, Roger
Carpenter, Colleen
Forbes, Edrick
Finucane, Mariel
Sack, R. Bradley
Hall, Eric
Bourgeois, August L.
TI A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of
PTL-003, an attenuated enterotoxigenic E-coli (ETEC) vaccine strain, in
protecting against challenge with virulent ETEC
SO VACCINE
LA English
DT Article
DE oral vaccine; ETEC; enterotoxigenic E. coli; live attenuated vaccine;
diarrhea
ID INTESTINAL IMMUNE-RESPONSES; HEAT-LABILE TOXIN; TRAVELERS; DIARRHEA;
SAFETY; IMMUNOGENICITY; IMMUNIZATION; VOLUNTEERS; HUMANS; MEXICO
AB Enterotoxigenic E. coli(ETEC) are all important cause of diarrhea in developing countries, especially among indigenous children and travelers. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, a live, attenuated CS1 /CS3 ETEC strain, PTL-003, was tested as a potential vaccine strain. Thirty-three subjects drank buffered solutions containing either PTL-003 or placebo oil Days 0 and 10 and were challenged with virulent CS1/CS3 ETEC strain E24377A on Day 28. The vaccine did not protect against moderate to severe ETEC illness (the primary endpoint), but it did prime subjects for a rapid antibody response to CS1 and CS3 after challenge, suggesting that a dose of vaccine on Day 28 might improve the immune response to the vaccine. Higher serum anti-CS3 IgA titers at the time of challenge correlated with less severe diarrhea] illness. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [McKenzie, Robin] Johns Hopkins Univ, Johns Hopkins Bayview Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA.
[Darsley, Michael; Thomas, Nicola; Randall, Roger] Acambis Res Ltd, Cambridge CB1 9PT, England.
[Finucane, Mariel] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Carpenter, Colleen; Hall, Eric] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Bourgeois, August L.] PATH Vaccine Dev Global Program, Enter Vaccine Initiat, Washington, DC 20006 USA.
[McKenzie, Robin; Darsley, Michael; Thomas, Nicola; Randall, Roger; Carpenter, Colleen; Forbes, Edrick; Bourgeois, August L.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Ctr Immunizat Res, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
RP McKenzie, R (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Ctr Immunizat Res, 624 N. Broadway,HH,Rm 200, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
EM rmckenz@jhmi.edu
FU Acambis Research Ltd., Cambridge, UK; Johns Hopkins University; National
Center for Research Resources, NIH [M01-RR00052]
FX This work was supported by Acambis Research Ltd., Cambridge, UK and by
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine General Clinical Research
Center grant number M01-RR00052 from the National Center for Research
Resources, NIH.
NR 20
TC 15
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-410X
J9 VACCINE
JI Vaccine
PD AUG 26
PY 2008
VL 26
IS 36
BP 4731
EP 4739
DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.06.064
PG 9
WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 350CT
UT WOS:000259330900014
PM 18602960
ER
PT J
AU Radko, T
AF Radko, Timour
TI The double-diffusive modon
SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SALT FINGERS; THERMOHALINE STAIRCASE; CONVECTION; AMPLITUDE; LAYERS;
FLUID
AB Fully developed two-dimensional salt-finger convection is characterized by the appearance of coherent dipolar eddies which carry relatively fresh and cold fluid upward and salty and warm fluid downward. Such structures - the double-diffusive modons - are prevalent in the regime in which density stratification is close to neutral and the salt-finger instability is extremely vigorous. The structure and translation velocities of modons are discussed in terms of the asymptotic expansion in which the background density ratio approaches unity. It is argued that the vertical salt flux is driven primarily by double-diffusive modons, which makes it possible to derive explicit expressions for the mixing rates of temperature and salinity as a function of their background gradients. Predictions of the proposed mixing model are successfully tested by direct numerical simulations.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Radko, T (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tradko@nps.edu
NR 26
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 2
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0022-1120
J9 J FLUID MECH
JI J. Fluid Mech.
PD AUG 25
PY 2008
VL 609
BP 59
EP 85
DI 10.1017/S0022112008002127
PG 27
WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Mechanics; Physics
GA 345CG
UT WOS:000258973000003
ER
PT J
AU Hibler, LF
Maxwell, AR
Miller, LM
Kohn, NP
Woodruff, DL
Montes, MJ
Bowles, JH
Moline, MA
AF Hibler, L. F.
Maxwell, A. R.
Miller, L. M.
Kohn, N. P.
Woodruff, D. L.
Montes, M. J.
Bowles, J. H.
Moline, M. A.
TI Improved fine-scale transport model performance using AUV and HSI
feedback in a tidally dominated system
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID AUTONOMOUS UNDERWATER VEHICLE; PHILLS HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGER; PLUME;
CALIBRATION; DISPERSION; FLOW
AB One of the challenges for model prediction and validation is providing them with data of appropriate spatial and temporal resolution. The maturation and increased application of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) in aquatic environments allows systematic data collection on these model-relevant scales. The goal of this study was to apply a fine-scale circulation and transport model (Delft3D) to improve AUV mission planning and use data collected by the AUV to evaluate and improve model performance. A dye release was conducted in a tidally dominated embayment, and a planning phase model based on the best available data was used as a baseline for evaluation and for AUV mission planning (forecast). The planning phase model correctly predicted the general shape and direction of the dye plume and allowed for successful mission planning. Subsequently, bathymetry data collected by the AUV was incorporated into the model (hindcast), with temperature and salinity collected before the experiment. Comparisons with fluorometer measurements from the AUV indicate that the model effectively predicted the edges of the plume and centerline location. The location was also confirmed by remote sensing from an aircraft. Thermal stratification was found to be an important fate mechanism in the final model, and the results demonstrate the integration of observational data sets for small, short-duration surface-contaminant releases. This study highlights the strength of a phased, iterative approach with observation platforms and may serve as a guide toward improving the performance and evaluation of future coastal hydrodynamic and transport modeling efforts.
C1 [Hibler, L. F.; Maxwell, A. R.; Miller, L. M.; Kohn, N. P.; Woodruff, D. L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Sequim, WA 98382 USA.
[Miller, L. M.] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07701 Jena, Germany.
[Montes, M. J.; Bowles, J. H.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Moline, M. A.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Ctr Coastal Marine Sci, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA.
RP Hibler, LF (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 1529 W Sequim Bay Rd, Sequim, WA 98382 USA.
EM lyle.hibler@pnl.gov; adam.maxwell@pnl.gov; nancy.kohn@pnl.gov;
dana.woodruff@pnl.gov; marcos.montes@nrl.navy.mil;
jeffrey.bowles@nrl.navy.mil; moline@marine.calpoly.edu
RI Montes, Marcos/J-9239-2015
OI Montes, Marcos/0000-0002-4725-5380
NR 29
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD AUG 22
PY 2008
VL 113
IS C8
AR C08036
DI 10.1029/2008JC004739
PG 13
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 340LV
UT WOS:000258648000003
ER
PT J
AU Parks, AD
AF Parks, A. D.
TI Time-dependent weak values and their intrinsic phases of evolution
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM-THEORY; PRE-SELECTION; COMPLEX-SPACE; PARTICLE; ENERGY; SPIN;
REALIZATION; COMPONENT
AB The equation of motion for a time-dependent weak value of a quantum-mechanical observable is known to contain a complex valued energy factor ( the weak energy of evolution) that is defined by the dynamics of the pre-selected and post-selected states which specify the observable's weak value. In this paper, the mechanism responsible for the creation of this energy is identified and it is shown that the cumulative effect over time of this energy is manifested as dynamical phases and pure geometric phases ( the intrinsic phases of evolution) which govern the evolution of the weak value during its measurement process. These phases are simply related to a Pancharatnam phase and Fubini-Study metric distance defined by the Hilbert space evolution of the associated pre-selected and post-selected states. A characterization of time-dependent weak value evolution as Pancharatnam phase angle rotations and Fubini-Study distance scalings of a vector in the Argand plane is discussed as an application of this relationship. The theory of weak values is also reviewed and simple 'gedanken experiments' are used to illustrate both the time-independent and the time-dependent versions of the theory. It is noted that the direct experimental observation of the weak energy of evolution would strongly support the time-symmetric paradigm of quantum mechanics and it is suggested that weak value equations of motion represent a new category of nonlocal equations of motion.
C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Quantum Proc Grp, Electromagnet & Sensor Syst Dept, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA.
RP Parks, AD (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Quantum Proc Grp, Electromagnet & Sensor Syst Dept, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA.
NR 44
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1751-8113
J9 J PHYS A-MATH THEOR
JI J. Phys. A-Math. Theor.
PD AUG 22
PY 2008
VL 41
IS 33
AR 335305
DI 10.1088/1751-8113/41/33/335305
PG 16
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 329DU
UT WOS:000257847900026
ER
PT J
AU Mazin, II
Johannes, MD
Sawatzky, GA
AF Mazin, I. I.
Johannes, M. D.
Sawatzky, G. A.
TI Comment on "Low-Lying States and Hidden Kinematic Collective Charge
Instabilities in Parent Cobaltate Superconductors''
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Mazin, I. I.; Johannes, M. D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Sawatzky, G. A.] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
RP Mazin, II (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RI Sawatzky, George/D-2997-2012
NR 3
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 22
PY 2008
VL 101
IS 8
AR 089703
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.089703
PG 1
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 340KD
UT WOS:000258643600076
PM 18764667
ER
PT J
AU Zezula, J
Singer, L
Przybyl, AK
Hashimoto, A
Dersch, CM
Rothman, RB
Deschamps, J
Lee, YS
Jacobson, AE
Rice, KC
AF Zezula, Josef
Singer, Lisa
Przybyl, Anna K.
Hashimoto, Akihiro
Dersch, Christina M.
Rothman, Richard B.
Deschamps, Jeffrey
Lee, Yong Sok
Jacobson, Arthur E.
Rice, Kenner C.
TI Synthesis and pharmacological effects of the enantiomers of the
N-phenethyl analogues of the ortho and para e- and f-oxide-bridged
phenylmorphans
SO ORGANIC & BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID RECEPTOR-MEDIATED PHENOMENA; PROBES; ISOMERS;
5-(3-HYDROXYPHENYL)-N-PHENYLETHYLMORPHAN;
(-)-5-META-HYDROXYPHENYL-2-METHYLMORPHAN; 5-(META-HYDROXYPHENYL)MORPHAN;
5-PHENYLMORPHANS; DERIVATIVES; ANTAGONISTS; NITRATION
AB The N-phenethyl analogues of (1R*,4aR*,9aS*)-2-phenethyl-1,3,4,9a-tetrahydro-2H-1,4a-propanobenzofuro[2,3-c]pyridin-6-ol and 8-ol and (1R*,4aR*,9aR*)-2-phenethyl-1,3,4,9a-tetrahydro-2H-1,4a-propanobenzofuro[2.3-c]pyridin-6-ol and 8-ol, the ortho- (43) and para-hydroxy e- (20), and f-oxide-bridged 5-phenylmorphans (53 and 26) were prepared in racemic and enantiomerically pure forms from a common precursor, the quaternary salt 12. Optical resolutions were accomplished by salt formation with suitable enantiomerically pure chiral acids or by preparative HPLC on a chiral support. The N-phenethyl (-)- para-e enantiomer (1S,4aS,9aR-(-)-20) was found to be a p-opioid agonist with morphine-like antinociceptive activity in a mouse assay. In contrast, the N-phenethyl (-)-ortho-f enantiomer (1R,4aR,9aR-(-)-53) had good affinity for the g-opioid receptor (K(i) = 7 nM) and was found to be a p-antagonist both in the [(35)S]GTP-gamma-S assay and in vivo. The molecular structures of these rigid enantiomers were energy minimized with density functional theory at the level B3LYP/6-31G* level, and then overlaid on a known potent p-agonist. This superposition study suggests that the agonist activity of the oxide-bridged 5-phenylmorphans can be attributed to formation of a seven membered ring that is hypothesized to facilitate a proton transfer from the protonated nitrogen to a proton acceptor in the p-opioid receptor.
C1 [Zezula, Josef; Singer, Lisa; Przybyl, Anna K.; Hashimoto, Akihiro; Jacobson, Arthur E.; Rice, Kenner C.] Natl Inst Drug Abuse, Chem Biol Res Branch, Drug Design & Synth Sect, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
[Zezula, Josef; Singer, Lisa; Przybyl, Anna K.; Hashimoto, Akihiro; Jacobson, Arthur E.; Rice, Kenner C.] NIAAA, Natl Inst Hlth, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
[Dersch, Christina M.; Rothman, Richard B.] Natl Inst Drug Abuse, Natl Inst Hlth, Addict Res Ctr,Chem Biol Res Branch, DHHS,Clin Psychopharmacol Sect, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA.
[Deschamps, Jeffrey] USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Lee, Yong Sok] NIH, Ctr Mol Modelling, Div Computat Biosci, CIT,DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Rice, KC (reprint author), Natl Inst Drug Abuse, Chem Biol Res Branch, Drug Design & Synth Sect, 5625 Fishers Lane,Room 4NO3,MSC 9415, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
EM kennerr@mail.nih.gov
OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010
FU National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA); National Institute of Alcohol
Abuse and Alcoholism; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and
Kidney Diseases; NIH Intramural Research Program; NIDA [YI-DA6002]
FX The research of the Drug Design and Synthesis Section, CBRB, NIDA &
NIAAA, was supported by the NIH Intramural Research Programs of the
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), the National Institute of
Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, and the National Institute of Diabetes and
Digestive and Kidney Diseases, and NIDA supported the research of the
Clinical Psychopharmacology Section. The quantum chemical study utilized
the high-performance computer capabilities of the Helix Systems at the
NIH (http://helix.nih.gov) and the PC/LINUX clusters at the Center for
Molecular Modeling of the NIH (http://cit.nih.gov), and this research
was supported by the NIH Intramural Research Program through the Center
for Information Technology. We thank Dr John Lloyd (NIDDK) for the mass
spectral data, and we thank NIDA for support of the X-ray
crystallographic studies (NIDA contract YI-DA6002). We also thank the
Drug Evaluation Committee, College on Problems of Drug Dependence
(Biological Coordinator, Dr A. Coop, University of Maryland, College of
Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD) for the data obtained from in vivo assays
carried out at Virginia Commonwealth University (Dr M. Aceto and L.
Harris), and Dr Leen Maat, Delft University of Technology, The
Netherlands, for advice on the nomenclature of some of the compounds.
NR 29
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 6
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1477-0520
J9 ORG BIOMOL CHEM
JI Org. Biomol. Chem.
PD AUG 21
PY 2008
VL 6
IS 16
BP 2868
EP 2883
DI 10.1039/b803433h
PG 16
WC Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA 342FM
UT WOS:000258770000005
PM 18688479
ER
PT J
AU Schuck, PW
AF Schuck, P. W.
TI Tracking vector magnetograms with the magnetic induction equation
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE magnetic fields; methods : data analysis; Sun : atmospheric motions
ID QUIET ACTIVE REGIONS; CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; TOTAL LEAST-SQUARES;
HELICITY INJECTION; FIELD PROPERTIES; VELOCITY-FIELD; SOLAR CORONA; FLUX
TUBES; DRIVEN EVOLUTION; KINK INSTABILITY
AB The differential affine velocity estimator (DAVE) that we developed in 2006 for estimating velocities from line-of-sight magnetograms is modified to directly incorporate horizontal magnetic fields to produce a differential affine velocity estimator for vector magnetograms (DAVE4VM). The DAVE4VM's performance is demonstrated on the synthetic data from the anelastic pseudospectral ANMHD simulations that were used in the recent comparison of velocity inversion techniques by Welsch and coworkers. The DAVE4VM predicts roughly 95% of the helicity rate and 75% of the power transmitted through the simulation slice. Intercomparison between DAVE4VM and DAVE and further analysis of the DAVE method demonstrates that line- of-sight tracking methods capture the shearing motion of magnetic foot points but are insensitive to flux emergence-the velocities determined from line- of- sight methods are more consistent with horizontal plasma velocities than with flux transport velocities. These results suggest that previous studies that rely on velocities determined from line- of- sight methods such as the DAVE or local correlation tracking may substantially misrepresent the total helicity rates and power through the photosphere.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Schuck, PW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM schuck@ppdmail.nrl.navy.mil
NR 63
TC 58
Z9 58
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 20
PY 2008
VL 683
IS 2
BP 1134
EP 1152
DI 10.1086/589434
PG 19
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 338SD
UT WOS:000258528100042
ER
PT J
AU Ko, YK
Li, J
Riley, P
Raymond, JC
AF Ko, Yuan-Kuen
Li, Jing
Riley, Pete
Raymond, John C.
TI Large-scale coronal density and abundance structures and their
association with magnetic field structure
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE solar wind; sun : abundances; sun : corona; sun : UV radiation
ID EJECTION CURRENT SHEET; SOLAR-WIND; ACTIVE-REGION; ELEMENTAL ABUNDANCES;
TRANSITION REGION; ATOMIC DATABASE; EMISSION-LINES; SPECTROMETER;
VELOCITY; SPECTRA
AB We construct subsynoptic maps of the ultraviolet-line fluxes, electron density, and elemental abundances for an east limb corona at 1.63 solar radii from 2000 September 20 to October 1. The data, covering position angles of 85 degrees-126 degrees, were taken from the Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer (UVCS) on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), and the maps are based on the variation of these parameters along the field of view of the UVCS slit. Combining these maps with the limb synoptic maps made from SOHO Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope, SOHO Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph, and Yohkoh Soft X-ray Telescope observations provides a large-scale, distinct view of the contrast between different coronal structures in different physical properties and their relation to the underlying disk and magnetic field structures. During this time period, the east limb corona mainly consisted of three streamers and two dark areas that exhibited very different plasma properties. We construct a three-dimensional MHD coronal model that incorporates energy transport processes, and compare the large-scale coronal properties of the model with those of the observation. The comparison investigates areas of different abundances and densities, and their possible association with open and closed magnetic field structures. We find a good indication that the open field regions, which we believe to be the slow-wind source regions in this case, have lower coronal density and higher abundance values than the closed field regions. This is true for absolute abundance, and probably also for the FIP bias. Therefore, such synoptic maps can be very useful for identifying solar wind source regions.
C1 [Ko, Yuan-Kuen; Raymond, John C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Li, Jing] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Riley, Pete] Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA.
RP Ko, YK (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
FU NASA [NNX07AL72G]
FX Y.-K. K. would like to thank J. Linker for valuable discussions. This
project is supported by NASA grant NNX07AL72G. SOHO is a joint mission
of the European Space Agency and NASA. Although not presented in this
paper, we acknowledge the use of the MAS model results provided by the
Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC) at the Goddard Space Flight
Center through their public Runs-on-Request system
(http://ccmc.gsfc.nasa.gov/). The CCMC is a multiagency partnership
between NASA, AFMC, AFOSR, AFRL, AFWA, NOAA, NSF, and ONR. The MAS Model
was developed by J. Linker, Z. Mikic, R. Lionello, and P. Riley at the
Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC), San Diego,
California.
NR 40
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 20
PY 2008
VL 683
IS 2
BP 1168
EP 1179
DI 10.1086/589873
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 338SD
UT WOS:000258528100045
ER
PT J
AU Lynch, BJ
Antiochos, SK
DeVore, CR
Luhmann, JG
Zurbuchen, TH
AF Lynch, B. J.
Antiochos, S. K.
DeVore, C. R.
Luhmann, J. G.
Zurbuchen, T. H.
TI Topological evolution of a fast magnetic breakout CME in three
dimensions
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE MHD; Sun : corona; Sun : coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun : magnetic
fields
ID CORONAL MASS EJECTION; SOLAR ERUPTIONS; FIELD TOPOLOGY; RECONNECTION;
FLARE; MODEL; ACCELERATION; FILAMENT; EVENTS; SIGNATURES
AB We present the extension of the magnetic breakout model for CME initiation to a fully three-dimensional, spherical geometry. Given the increased complexity of the dynamic magnetic field interactions in three dimensions, we first present a summary of the well known axisymmetric breakout scenario in terms of the topological evolution associated with the various phases of the eruptive process. In this context, we discuss the analogous topological evolution during the magnetic breakout CME initiation process in the simplest three-dimensional multipolar system. We show that an extended bipolar active region embedded in an oppositely directed background dipole field has all the necessary topological features required for magnetic breakout, i.e., a fan separatrix surface between the two distinct flux systems, a pair of spine field lines, and a true three-dimensional coronal null point at their intersection. We then present the results of a numerical MHD simulation of this three-dimensional system where boundary shearing flows introduce free magnetic energy, eventually leading to a fast magnetic breakout CME. The eruptive flare reconnection facilitates the rapid conversion of this stored free magnetic energy into kinetic energy and the associated acceleration causes the erupting field and plasma structure to reach an asymptotic eruption velocity of greater than or similar to 1100 km s(-1) over an similar to 15 minute time period. The simulation results are discussed using the topological insight developed to interpret the various phases of the eruption and the complex, dynamic, and interacting magnetic field structures.
C1 [Lynch, B. J.; Luhmann, J. G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Antiochos, S. K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[DeVore, C. R.] USN, Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Zurbuchen, T. H.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Lynch, BJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Antiochos, Spiro/D-4668-2012; Lynch, Benjamin/B-1300-2013; DeVore,
C/A-6067-2015;
OI Antiochos, Spiro/0000-0003-0176-4312; DeVore, C/0000-0002-4668-591X;
Lynch, Benjamin/0000-0001-6886-855X
FU NSF SHINE [ATM-0621725]; NASA; Office of Naval Research (ONR); NASA HTP;
TRT; SRT
FX B. J. L. gratefully acknowledges current support from the NSF SHINE
program ATM-0621725 and additional funding from NASA, the Office of
Naval Research (ONR), and SSL/UCB participation in the Center for
Integrated Space-weather Mg Modernization Program provided resources at
the ERDC major shared resouodeling (CISM) collaboration. The DoD High
Performance Computinrce and NRL-DC distributed computing centers for
this research. This work was supported, in part, by the NASA HTP, TR&T,
and SR&T programs.
NR 61
TC 111
Z9 112
U1 1
U2 9
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 20
PY 2008
VL 683
IS 2
BP 1192
EP 1206
DI 10.1086/589738
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 338SD
UT WOS:000258528100047
ER
PT J
AU Fox, DM
Gilman, JW
Morgan, AB
Shields, JR
Maupin, PH
Lyon, RE
De Long, HC
Trulove, PC
AF Fox, Douglas M.
Gilman, Jeffrey W.
Morgan, Alexander B.
Shields, John R.
Maupin, Paul H.
Lyon, Richard E.
De Long, Hugh C.
Trulove, Paul C.
TI Flammability and thermal analysis characterization of imidazolium-based
ionic liquids
SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID TRIALKYLIMIDAZOLIUM SALTS; RHODIUM COMPLEXES; HYDROGENATION;
DEGRADATION; CATALYSIS
AB Room-temperature ionic liquids have been identified as nonvolatile, nonflammable compounds with a wide range of applications. However, numerous thermal studies have identified volatile decomposition products and a source for fuel, raising questions regarding the fire hazard of ionic liquids. To address these questions, the flammability properties of imidazolium-based ionic liquids have been measured using cone calorimetry and microscale combustion calorimetry. The combustion data are compared to flashpoints estimated from thermal gravimetric analysis data. The resulting flammability properties of ionic liquids are comparable to aliphatic hydrocarbon plastics (polyethylene and polyamide) and lower than high boiling organic solvents (ethyl lactate and dimethyl sulfoxide). Several structure-property relationships are observed, including alkyl chain length and anion type.
C1 [Fox, Douglas M.] American Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20016 USA.
[Gilman, Jeffrey W.; Shields, John R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Morgan, Alexander B.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Maupin, Paul H.] US DOE, Off Basic Energy Sci, Atlantic City, NJ 08405 USA.
[De Long, Hugh C.] USAF, Off Sci Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
[Lyon, Richard E.] FAA, Atlantic City, NJ 08405 USA.
[Trulove, Paul C.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Fox, DM (reprint author), American Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20016 USA.
EM dfox@american.edu
RI Morgan, Alexander/A-9672-2009
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [F1ATA06300J001]; Federal
Aviation Administration [ISSA-DTFA0003-92-Z-0018]
FX We would like to thank the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
(F1ATA06300J001) and the Federal Aviation Administration
(ISSA-DTFA0003-92-Z-0018) for partial funding of this work.
NR 32
TC 34
Z9 35
U1 6
U2 27
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0888-5885
J9 IND ENG CHEM RES
JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
PD AUG 20
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 16
BP 6327
EP 6332
DI 10.1021/ie800665u
PG 6
WC Engineering, Chemical
SC Engineering
GA 336XO
UT WOS:000258400300061
ER
PT J
AU Kaminski, K
Kaminska, E
Wlodarczyk, P
Paluch, M
Ziolo, J
Ngai, KL
AF Kaminski, K.
Kaminska, E.
Wlodarczyk, P.
Paluch, M.
Ziolo, J.
Ngai, K. L.
TI Dielectric relaxation study of the dynamics of monosaccharides: D-ribose
and 2-deoxy-D-ribose
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID GOLDSTEIN BETA-RELAXATION; GLASS-TRANSITION; ALPHA-RELAXATION; SECONDARY
RELAXATIONS; GLUCOSE; WATER; MIXTURES; FORMERS; LIQUID; STATES
AB The dielectric loss spectra of two closely related monosaccharides, D-ribose and 2-deoxy-D-ribose, measured at ambient and elevated pressures are presented. 2-deoxy-D-ribose and D-ribose are respectively the building blocks of the backbone chains in the nucleic acids DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid). Small differences in the structure between D-ribose and 2-deoxy-D-ribose result in changes of the glass transition temperature T(g), as well as the dielectric strength and activation enthalpy of the secondary relaxations. However, the frequency dispersion of the structural alpha-relaxation for the same relaxation time remains practically the same. Two secondary relaxations are present in both sugars. The slower secondary relaxation shifts to lower frequencies with increasing applied pressure, but not the faster one. This pressure dependence indicates that the slower secondary relaxation is the important and 'universal' Johari-Goldstein beta-relaxation of both sugars according to one of the criteria set up to classify secondary relaxations. Additional confirmation of this conclusion comes from good agreement of the observed relaxation time of the slower secondary relaxation with the primitive relaxation time calculated from the coupling model. All the dynamic properties of D-ribose and 2-deoxy-D-ribose are similar to the other monosaccharides, glucose, fructose, galactose and sorbose, except for the much larger relaxation strength of the alpha-relaxation of the former compared to the latter. The difference may distinguish the chemical and biological functions of D-ribose and 2-deoxy-D-ribose from the other monosaccharides.
C1 [Kaminski, K.; Kaminska, E.; Wlodarczyk, P.; Paluch, M.; Ziolo, J.] Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland.
[Ngai, K. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Kaminski, K (reprint author), Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, Ulica Uniwersytecka 4, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland.
NR 34
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 11
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-8984
J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT
JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter
PD AUG 20
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 33
AR 335104
DI 10.1088/0953-8984/20/33/335104
PG 8
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 333HX
UT WOS:000258144700006
ER
PT J
AU Lee, WC
Bell, MM
Goodman, KE
AF Lee, Wen-Chau
Bell, Michael M.
Goodman, Keith E., Jr.
TI Supercells and mesocyclones in outer rainbands of Hurricane Katrina
(2005)
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID TORNADOES; ENVIRONMENTS; OUTBREAK; EYEWALL; STORMS; RADAR
AB This study documents and describes supercells embedded within the outer rainbands of Hurricane Katrina ( 2005). Radar reflectivity and velocity data collected on 29 August 2005 by Weather Surveillance Radar 1988 Doppler radars were used to track the supercells. Radar analysis indicates that the supercells were characterized by heavy precipitation collocated with band-relative meso-cylonic circulations containing strong vorticity and a wind speed enhancement to their northeast. Atmospheric soundings and dual-Doppler derived shear suggest that environmental conditions were comparable to those in previous hurricane-spawned supercell studies. Twenty-three storms from 0300-0900 UTC were tracked, and single- and dual-Doppler radar analyses were used to examine characteristics such as shear and rotational velocity. Remarkably, the majority of the supercells formed over the Gulf of Mexico rather than over land, which contrasts with previous studies. Furthermore, the ground-relative wind speeds of these potentially tornadic mesocyclones in the outer rainbands could have been Category 4 intensity despite sustained winds in Katrina's eyewall only reaching Category 3 at landfall.
C1 [Lee, Wen-Chau; Bell, Michael M.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Earth Observing Lab, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Bell, Michael M.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA USA.
[Goodman, Keith E., Jr.] Norfolk State Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA.
RP Lee, WC (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Earth Observing Lab, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM wenchau@ucar.edu
RI Bell, Michael/B-1144-2009
OI Bell, Michael/0000-0002-0496-331X
FU NCAR SOARS program
FX Reviews provided by Roger Wakimoto, Chris Davis, Scott Ellis and two
anonymous reviewers greatly improved this manuscript. We would also like
to acknowledge the NCAR SOARS program for funding the summer visit of
the third author to begin this research, and the National Weather
Service and National Climactic Data Center for collecting and archiving
the NEXRAD Level II data used in this study. The National Center for
Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation.
NR 28
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 19
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 16
AR L16803
DI 10.1029/2008GL034724
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 340KT
UT WOS:000258645200006
ER
PT J
AU Virgin, LN
Santillan, ST
Plaut, RH
AF Virgin, L. N.
Santillan, S. T.
Plaut, R. H.
TI Vibration isolation using extreme geometric nonlinearity
SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT EUROMECH Colloquium on Geometrically Non-Linear Vibrations of Structures
CY JUL 09-11, 2007
CL Univ Porto, Fac Engn, Porto, PORTUGAL
HO Univ Porto, Fac Engn
AB A highly deformed, slender beam (or strip), attached to a vertically oscillating base, is used in a vibration isolation application to reduce the motion of a supported mass. The isolator is a thin strip that is bent so that the two ends are clamped together, forming a loop. The clamped ends are attached to an excitation source and the supported system is attached at the loop midpoint directly above the base. The strip is modeled as an elastica, and the resulting nonlinear boundary value problem is solved numerically using a shooting method. First the equilibrium shapes of the loop with varying static loads and lengths are studied. The analysis reveals a large degree of stiffness tunability; the stiffness is dependent on the geometric configuration, which itself is determined by the supported mass, loop length, and loop self-weight. Free vibration frequencies and mode shapes are also found. Finally, the case of forced vibration is studied, and the displacement transmissibility over a large range of forcing frequencies is determined for varying parameter values. Experiments using polycarbonate strips are conducted to verify equilibrium and dynamic behavior. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Virgin, L. N.] Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Santillan, S. T.] USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Plaut, R. H.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RP Virgin, LN (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM l.virgin@duke.edu
NR 10
TC 30
Z9 36
U1 1
U2 20
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0022-460X
J9 J SOUND VIB
JI J. Sound Vibr.
PD AUG 19
PY 2008
VL 315
IS 3
BP 721
EP 731
DI 10.1016/j.jsv.2007.12.025
PG 11
WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics
GA 324KG
UT WOS:000257516900021
ER
PT J
AU Lebedev, N
Trammell, SA
Tsoi, S
Spano, A
Kim, JH
Xu, J
Twigg, ME
Schnur, JM
AF Lebedev, Nikolai
Trammell, Scott A.
Tsoi, Stanislav
Spano, Anthony
Kim, Jin Ho
Xu, Jimmy
Twigg, Mark E.
Schnur, Joel M.
TI Increasing efficiency of photoelectronic conversion by encapsulation of
photosynthetic reaction center proteins in arrayed carbon nanotube
electrode
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID ZINC PORPHYRIN; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; DONOR; BIOSENSORS; HYDROGEN; SENSORS;
CELLS
AB The construction of efficient light energy converting (photovoltaic and photoelectronic) devices is a current and great challenge in science and technology and one that will have important economic consequences. Here we show that the efficiency of these devices can be improved by the utilization of a new type of nano-organized material having photosynthetic reaction center proteins encapsulated inside carbon nanotube arrayed electrodes. In this work, a generically engineered bacterial photosynthetic reaction center protein with specifically synthesized organic molecular linkers were encapsulated inside carbon nanotubes and bound to the inner tube walls in unidirectional orientation. The results show that the photosynthetic proteins encapsulated inside carbon nanotubes are photochemically active and exhibit considerable improvement in the rate of electron transfer and the photocurrent density compared to the material constructed from the same components in traditional lamella configuration.
C1 [Lebedev, Nikolai; Trammell, Scott A.; Tsoi, Stanislav] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Trammell, Scott A.; Tsoi, Stanislav] Univ Virginia, Dept Biol, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA.
[Kim, Jin Ho; Xu, Jimmy] Brown Univ, Div Engn, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Twigg, Mark E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Schnur, Joel M.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RP Lebedev, N (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM nnl@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil
NR 41
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 33
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD AUG 19
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 16
BP 8871
EP 8876
DI 10.1021/la8011348
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 336PU
UT WOS:000258377900071
PM 18616302
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, BJ
Melde, BJ
Charles, PT
Cardona, DC
Dinderman, MA
Malanoski, AP
Qadri, SB
AF Johnson, Brandy J.
Melde, Brian J.
Charles, Paul T.
Cardona, Darnaris Concepcion
Dinderman, Michael A.
Malanoski, Anthony P.
Qadri, Syed B.
TI Imprinted nanoporous organosilicas for selective adsorption, of
nitroenergetic targets
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID PERIODIC MESOPOROUS ORGANOSILICAS; HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID; GAS-SENSING
APPLICATIONS; MOLECULAR-SIEVES; ORGANIC GROUPS; CHANNEL WALLS; SILICA
FILMS; COPOLYMERS; MORPHOLOGY; PHASE
AB Periodic mesoporous organosilicas incorporating diethylbenzene bridges in their pore walls were applied for the adsorption of nitroenegetic targets from aqueous solution. The materials were synthesized by co-condensing 1,4bis(trimethoxysilylethyl)benzene (DEB) with 1,2-bis(trimethoxysilyl)ethane to improve structural characteristics. Molecular imprinting of the pore surfaces was employed through the use of a novel target-like surfactant to further enhance selectivity for targets of interest (tri- and dinitrotoluenes) over targets of similar structure (p-cresol and p-nitrophenol). The headgroup of the commonly used alkylene oxide surfactant Brij76 was modified by esterification with 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl chloride. This provided a target analogue which was readily miscible with the Brij76 surfactant micelles used to direct material mesopore structures. The impact of variations in precursor ratios and amounts of imprint molecule was evaluated. The use of 12.5% of the modified Brij surfactant with a co-condensate employing 30% DEB was found to provide the best compromise between total capacity and selectivity for nitroenergetic targets.
C1 [Johnson, Brandy J.; Charles, Paul T.; Dinderman, Michael A.; Malanoski, Anthony P.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Melde, Brian J.] NOVA Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA.
[Cardona, Darnaris Concepcion] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Chem & Phys, Arecibo, PR 00614 USA.
[Qadri, Syed B.] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Johnson, BJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM brandy.white@nrl.navy.mil
RI Malanoski, Anthony/C-7814-2011; Johnson, Brandy/B-3462-2008
OI Malanoski, Anthony/0000-0001-6192-888X; Johnson,
Brandy/0000-0002-3637-0631
NR 48
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 16
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD AUG 19
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 16
BP 9024
EP 9029
DI 10.1021/la800615y
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 336PU
UT WOS:000258377900096
PM 18590292
ER
PT J
AU Staniszewski, A
Heuer, WB
Meyer, GJ
AF Staniszewski, Aaron
Heuer, William B.
Meyer, Gerald J.
TI High-extinction ruthenium compounds for sunlight harvesting and hole
transport
SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID SENSITIZED SOLAR-CELLS; NANOCRYSTALLINE TIO2 INTERFACES; PHOTOINDUCED
CHARGE SEPARATION; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; LIGAND; FILMS;
COMPLEXES; DYNAMICS; DIAZAFLUORENONE
AB The compounds Ru(bpy)(2)(BTL)(PF6)(2) and Ru(deeb)(2)(BTL)(PF6)(2), where bpy is 2,2'-bipyridine, deeb is 4,4'-(C2H5CO2)(2)-bpy, and BTL is 9'-[4,5-bis(cyanoethylthio)]-1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene]-4',5'-diazafluorene, were found to have very high extinction coefficients in the visible region. In an acetonitrile solution, the extinction of Ru(deeb)(2)(BTL)(PF6)(2) was epsilon = 44 000 +/- 1000 M-1 cm(-1) at lambda = 470 nm. Two quasi-reversible oxidation waves, E-1/2 = +0.88 and + 1.16 V, and an irreversible reduction, E-pr = -1.6 V, were observed versus ferrocene (Fc(+/0)). At -40 degrees C, a state was observed with spectroscopic properties characteristic of a metal-to-ligand charge-transfer excited state, tau = 25 ns. This same compound Was found to photoinject electrons into TiO2 with a quantum yield Phi = 0.3 +/- 0.2 for 532.5 or 417 nm light excitation in a 0.1 M LiClO4/acetonitrile electrolyte. In regenerative solar cells, a sustained photocurrent was observed with a maximum incident photon-to-current efficiency of 0.4. The photocurrent action and absorptance spectra were in good agreement, consistent with injection from a single excited state.
C1 [Heuer, William B.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Staniszewski, Aaron; Meyer, Gerald J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Staniszewski, Aaron; Meyer, Gerald J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RP Heuer, WB (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM Heuer@usna.edu; meyer@jhu.edu
NR 26
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 4
U2 13
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0020-1669
J9 INORG CHEM
JI Inorg. Chem.
PD AUG 18
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 16
BP 7062
EP 7064
DI 10.1021/ic800171h
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA 335ZA
UT WOS:000258332900002
PM 18366155
ER
PT J
AU Shaw, WJ
Stanton, TP
McPhee, MG
Kikuchi, T
AF Shaw, W. J.
Stanton, T. P.
McPhee, M. G.
Kikuchi, T.
TI Estimates of surface roughness length in heterogeneous under-ice
boundary layers
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-ICE; SIMILARITY; MODEL; DRIFT; FLUX
AB Measurements obtained in the under-ice ocean boundary layer by two autonomous buoys deployed in 2004 and 2005 are used to estimate the roughness length z(0) of the underside morphology of Arctic Ocean pack ice. Two techniques are used to estimate z(0). The first uses an extension of the law of the wall and directly measured turbulent shear stress and velocity at a single point near the ice-ocean interface. The second uses a one-dimensional numerical boundary layer model that is matched to measured velocity profiles in the outer part of the boundary layer with z(0) as an adjustable parameter. The stress-based estimates are sensitive to local morphological features, and the effect of nearby ice ridge keels on the roughness estimates is evident. Averaged over flow direction there is a significant difference in floe roughness between the 2004 and 2005 deployments. Velocity-profile-based z(0) estimates are more uniform with direction than the stress-based estimates, and the average value of the profile-based estimates lies within the range of the stress-based estimates. Averaged over flow direction, both techniques yield z(0) estimates of about 100 mm for the 2005 data set. A central question is how to best estimate a z(0) that can be applied to an individual grid cell in large-scale numerical models. The profile-based estimates are promising in this regard because they are less affected by local morphology than stress-based measurements, which must be made fairly close to the interface in order to be interpretable using a framework based on the law of the wall.
C1 [Shaw, W. J.; Stanton, T. P.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Kikuchi, T.] Japan Marine Sci & Technol Ctr, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan.
[McPhee, M. G.] McPhee Res Co, Naches, WA 98937 USA.
RP Shaw, WJ (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM wjshaw@nps.edu; stanton@nps.edu; mmcphee@starband.net;
takashik@jamstec.go.jp
FU NSF [OPP-0084858, ARC-0520328]
FX Jim Stockel, Rob Wyland, Ron Cowen, and Keith Wyckoff all made
significant contributions to the development and construction of the
flux buoys. Jamie Morison, Andy Heiberg, and Dean Stewart contributed
logistical support and assisted with the field deployment of the buoys
at the NPEO camps. This work was supported by NSF grants OPP-0084858 and
ARC-0520328. The paper also benefited from the suggestions of two
anonymous reviewers.
NR 19
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD AUG 18
PY 2008
VL 113
IS C8
AR C08030
DI 10.1029/2007JC004550
PG 16
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 340LS
UT WOS:000258647700002
ER
PT J
AU Terraciano, ML
Bashkansky, M
Fatemi, FK
AF Terraciano, Matthew L.
Bashkansky, Mark
Fatemi, Fredrik K.
TI A single-shot imaging magnetometer using cold atoms
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID SENSITIVITY
AB We demonstrate a technique for imaging magnetic fields using velocity-selective two-photon resonances in a cold atom cloud. Freely expanding Rb-85 atoms released from a magneto-optical trap are exposed to a brief (approximate to 1 ms), off-resonant, retro-reflected laser pulse in a lin-perp-lin configuration. Two-photon resonance between magnetic sublevels occurs only for atoms in narrow velocity classes dependent on the magnetic field strength. The momentum of resonant atoms is altered by the pulse, and this two-photon momentum change is easily visible after further ballistic expansion. When the momentum pulse is applied to an atom cloud with finite size, magnetic field variations across the sample result in position-dependent features in images of the expanded cloud. We demonstrate the technique by imaging magnetic field variations over approximate to 5 mm with approximate to 250 mu m spatial resolution. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America.
C1 [Terraciano, Matthew L.; Bashkansky, Mark; Fatemi, Fredrik K.] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Fatemi, FK (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM ffatemi@ccs.nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research and the Defense
Advanced Research Projects Agency.
NR 11
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 12
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD AUG 18
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 17
BP 13062
EP 13069
DI 10.1364/OE.16.013062
PG 8
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 349GG
UT WOS:000259268700067
PM 18711545
ER
PT J
AU Chafin, AP
Lindsay, GA
AF Chafin, Andrew P.
Lindsay, Geoff A.
TI A pattern for increasing the first hyperpolanizability of a push-pull
polyene dye as indicated from DFT calculations
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Chafin, Andrew P.] NAVAIR, Chem & Mat Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
[Lindsay, Geoff A.] USN, NAWCWD, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
EM andrew.chafin@navy.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 600-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256308417
ER
PT J
AU Cheek, GT
AF Cheek, Graham T.
TI I&EC 142-Electrochemical studies of the Fries rearrangement in ionic
liquids
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Cheek, Graham T.] USN Acad, Chem Dept Stop 9B, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM cheek@usna.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 142-IEC
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256305203
ER
PT J
AU Clark, TD
Kulp, JL
AF Clark, Thomas D.
Kulp, John L., III
TI ORGN 360-D,L-peptide foldamers: New directions for beta helical peptides
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Clark, Thomas D.; Kulp, John L., III] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM thomas.clark@nrl.navy.mil; john.kulp@nrl.navy.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 360-ORGN
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256309656
ER
PT J
AU Demoranville, LT
Knies, DL
AF Demoranville, Leonard T.
Knies, David L.
TI NUCL 89-Development of mass-filtered, time-dilated TOF-SIMS
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Demoranville, Leonard T.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Knies, David L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM ldemoran@umd.edu; knies@ccs.nrl.navy.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 89-NUCL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256305748
ER
PT J
AU Eigenbrodt, BC
Walker, RA
Pomfret, MB
AF Eigenbrodt, Bryan C.
Walker, Robert A.
Pomfret, Michael B.
TI INOR 581-Interfacial conductivity of yttria stabilized zirconia
electrolyte in operating solid oxide fuel cells
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Eigenbrodt, Bryan C.; Walker, Robert A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Pomfret, Michael B.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM beigenbr@umd.edu; rawalker@umd.edu; michael.pomfret@nrl.navy.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 581-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256306727
ER
PT J
AU Epshteyn, A
AF Epshteyn, Albert
TI INOR 595-Air and moisture stable metal-alkoxide-gel-passivated group 4B
metal nanoparticles
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Epshteyn, Albert] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM albert.epshteyn@nrl.navy.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 595-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256306127
ER
PT J
AU Esenturk, O
Heilwell, EJ
Melinger, JS
Lane, PA
AF Esenturk, Okan
Heilwell, Edwin J.
Melinger, Joseph S.
Lane, Paul A.
TI POLY 637-Ultrafast carrier dynamics of blended and layered
zinc-phthalocyanine/C60 films measured by time-resolved terahertz
spectroscopy
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Esenturk, Okan] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Heilwell, Edwin J.] NIST, Opt Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Melinger, Joseph S.] USN, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Melinger, Joseph S.] USN, Inst Nanosci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Lane, Paul A.] USN, Div Opt Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM esenturk@umd.edu; edwin.heilweil@nist.gov; paul.lane@nrl.navy.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 637-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256308110
ER
PT J
AU Giammarco, J
Valenzuela, P
Osswald, S
Mochalin, VN
Forohar, F
Gogotsi, Y
AF Giammarco, James
Valenzuela, Patricia
Osswald, Sebastian
Mochalin, Vadym N.
Forohar, Farhad
Gogotsi, Yury
TI INOR 499-Carbon nanotubes filled with copper nanoparticles
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Giammarco, James] Drexel Univ, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Mochalin, Vadym N.; Gogotsi, Yury] Drexel Univ, AJ Drexel Nanotechnol Inst, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Forohar, Farhad] USN, NSWC, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
EM drechem2008@gmail.com; pdv23@drexel.edu; osswald.sebastian@gmx.de;
vadym@cbis.ece.drexel.edu; farhad.forohar@navy.mil;
yury.gogotsi@drexel.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 499-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256306617
ER
PT J
AU Heuer, WB
Staniszewski, A
Abrahamsson, M
Pearson, WH
Meyer, GJ
AF Heuer, William B.
Staniszewski, Aaron
Abrahamsson, Maria
Pearson, Wayne H.
Meyer, Gerald J.
TI INOR 568-Supramolecular sensitizers incorporating a novel
alpha-diimine-dithiolene bridging ligand for solar cell applications
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Heuer, William B.; Pearson, Wayne H.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Staniszewski, Aaron; Abrahamsson, Maria; Meyer, Gerald J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
EM meyer@jhu.edu
RI Abrahamsson, Maria/A-2487-2011
OI Abrahamsson, Maria/0000-0002-6931-1128
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 568-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256306454
ER
PT J
AU Keefer, LK
Valdez, CA
Saavedra, JE
Showalter, BM
Davies, KM
Wilde, TC
Citro, ML
Barchi, JJ
Deschamps, JR
Parrish, DA
El-Gayar, S
Schleicher, U
Bogdan, C
AF Keefer, Larry K.
Valdez, Carlos A.
Saavedra, Joseph E.
Showalter, Brett M.
Davies, Keith M.
Wilde, Thomas C.
Citro, Michael L.
Barchi, Joseph J., Jr.
Deschamps, Jeffrey R.
Parrish, Damon A.
El-Gayar, Stefan
Schleicher, Ulrike
Bogdan, Christian
TI MEDI 452-O2-Glycosylated diazeniumdiolates: Targeting nitric oxide to
macrophages for antileishmanial activity
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Keefer, Larry K.; Valdez, Carlos A.; Showalter, Brett M.; Wilde, Thomas C.] NCI, Comparat Carcinogenesis Lab, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.
[Saavedra, Joseph E.; Citro, Michael L.] SAIC Frederick, Basic Res Program, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.
[Davies, Keith M.] George Mason Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Barchi, Joseph J., Jr.] NCI, Med Chem Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Deschamps, Jeffrey R.; Parrish, Damon A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[El-Gayar, Stefan; Schleicher, Ulrike; Bogdan, Christian] Univ Klinikum Erlangen, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
EM keefer@ncifcrf.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 452-MEDI
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256305490
ER
PT J
AU Kurimura, M
Sulima, A
Hashimoto, A
Przybyl, AK
Ohshima, E
Kodato, S
Deschamps, JR
Dersch, CM
Rothman, RB
Jacobson, AE
Rice, KC
AF Kurimura, Muneaki
Sulima, A.
Hashimoto, Akihiro
Przybyl, Anna K.
Ohshima, Etsuo
Kodato, Shinichi
Deschamps, Jeffrey R.
Dersch, Christina M.
Rothman, Richard B.
Jacobson, Arthur E.
Rice, Kenner C.
TI MEDI 180-Synthesis and opioid binding affinity of the final pair of
N-methyl substituted oxide-bridged phenylmorphans, the ortho-, para-b
isomers, and their N-phenethyl analogs
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
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DT Meeting Abstract
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Kurimura, Muneaki] Otsuka Pharmaceut Co Ltd, Inst New Drug Discovery 2, Med Chem Grp, Tokushima 77101, Japan.
[Sulima, A.] NHLBI, Imaging Probe Dev Ctr, NIH, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
[Hashimoto, Akihiro] Achill Pharmaceut Inc, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
[Przybyl, Anna K.] Adam Mickiewicz Univ Poznan, Fac Chem, PL-60780 Poznan, Poland.
[Ohshima, Etsuo] Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co Ltd, Pharmaceut Res Ctr, Shizuoka, Japan.
[Kodato, Shinichi] Bushu Pharmaceut Ltd, Qual Div, Kawagoe, Saitama, Japan.
[Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Rothman, Richard B.] NIDA, Clin Psychopharmacol Sect, IRP, NIH,DHHS, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA.
[Jacobson, Arthur E.; Rice, Kenner C.] Natl Inst Drug Abuse, Drug Design & Synth Sect, Chem Biol Res Branch, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
[Jacobson, Arthur E.; Rice, Kenner C.] NIAAA, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
EM m_kuri@research.otsuka.co.jp; przybylanna@hotmail.com;
aej@helix.nih.gov; kr21f@nih.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 180-MEDI
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256305305
ER
PT J
AU Kushto, G
Lane, PA
AF Kushto, Gary
Lane, Paul A.
TI POLY 636-Second and third row transition metal phthalocyanine based
organic photovoltaics
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Kushto, Gary; Lane, Paul A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM gary.kushto@nrl.navy.mil; paul.lane@nrl.navy.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 636-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256308348
ER
PT J
AU Lane, PA
AF Lane, Paul A.
TI An overview of solid state organic photovoltaic devices
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
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DT Meeting Abstract
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Lane, Paul A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM paul.lane@nrl.navy.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 519-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256308509
ER
PT J
AU Long, JW
Lytle, JC
Fischer, AE
Bourg, ME
Pettigrew, KA
Rolison, DR
AF Long, Jeffrey W.
Lytle, Justin C.
Fischer, Anne E.
Bourg, Megan E.
Pettigrew, Kathenine A.
Rolison, Debra R.
TI POLY 535-Multifunctional carbon nanoarchitectures as designer platforms
for electrochemical power sources
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Long, Jeffrey W.; Lytle, Justin C.; Fischer, Anne E.; Bourg, Megan E.; Pettigrew, Kathenine A.; Rolison, Debra R.] USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jeffrey.long@nrl.navy.mil; justin.lytle@nrl.navy.mil;
megan.bourg@nrl.navy.mil; pettigrew@nrl.navy.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 535-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256308224
ER
PT J
AU Long, JW
Fischer, AE
McEvoy, TM
Bourg, ME
Lytle, JC
Rolison, DR
AF Long, Jeffrey W.
Fischer, Anne E.
McEvoy, Todd M.
Bourg, Megan E.
Lytle, Justin C.
Rolison, Debra R.
TI PMSE 430-Self-limiting electropolymerization en route to ultrathin,
conformal polymer coatings for energy-storage applications
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
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CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Long, Jeffrey W.; Fischer, Anne E.; McEvoy, Todd M.; Bourg, Megan E.; Lytle, Justin C.; Rolison, Debra R.] USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jeffrey.long@nrl.navy.mil; megan.bourg@nrl.navy.mil;
justin.lytle@nrl.navy.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
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PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 430-PMSE
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 500EC
UT WOS:000270280001355
ER
PT J
AU Owrutsky, JC
Pomfret, MB
Barton, DJ
Kidwell, DA
AF Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.
Pomfret, Michael B.
Barton, David J.
Kidwell, David A.
TI PHYS 317-FTIR spectroscopy of azide and cyanate ion pairs in AOT reverse
micelles
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
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CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.; Pomfret, Michael B.; Barton, David J.; Kidwell, David A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jeff.owrutsky@nrl.navy.mil; michael.pomfret@nrl.navy.mil
RI Owrutsky, Jeffrey/K-7649-2012
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 317-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256307407
ER
PT J
AU Pomfret, MB
Brown, DJ
Epshteyn, A
Purdy, AP
Pietron, JJ
Owrutsky, JC
AF Pomfret, Michael B.
Brown, Douglas J.
Epshteyn, Albert
Purdy, Andrew P.
Pietron, Jeremy J.
Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.
TI INOR 130-Spectroscopic anaylsis of metal nanorods electrodeposited in
templates
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Pomfret, Michael B.; Epshteyn, Albert; Purdy, Andrew P.; Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Brown, Douglas J.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Pietron, Jeremy J.] USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM michael.pomfret@nrl.navy.mil; djbrown@usna.edu;
albert.epshteyn@nrl.navy.mil; andrew.purdy@nrl.navy.mil;
jpietron@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; jeff.owrutsky@nrl.navy.mil
RI Owrutsky, Jeffrey/K-7649-2012
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 130-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256306358
ER
PT J
AU Purdy, AP
Miller, JB
Stroud, RM
AF Purdy, Andrew P.
Miller, Joel B.
Stroud, Rhonda M.
TI INOR 62-Aluminum nanoparticle synthesis using alkali metal reducing
agents
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Purdy, Andrew P.; Miller, Joel B.] USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Stroud, Rhonda M.] USN, Mat & Sensors Branch, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM andrew.purdy@nrl.navy.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 62-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256306019
ER
PT J
AU Ratna, BR
Liu, J
Soto, CM
Goldman, ER
Blum, AS
AF Ratna, B. R.
Liu, Jinny
Soto, Carissa M.
Goldman, Ellen R.
Blum, Amy S.
TI COLL 331-Genetically engineered and chemically modified plant and
bacterial viruses as scaffold for nanoscale directed self-assembly
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Ratna, B. R.; Liu, Jinny; Soto, Carissa M.; Goldman, Ellen R.; Blum, Amy S.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM ratna@nrl.navy.mil; carissa.soto@nrl.navy.mil;
amyblum@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 331-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256303764
ER
PT J
AU Rolison, DR
Long, JW
AF Rolison, Debra R.
Long, Jeffrey W.
TI POLY 162-Tutorial: Architectural design en route to scaleable 3-D
multifunctional nanomaterials
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
ID NANOARCHITECTURES
C1 [Rolison, Debra R.; Long, Jeffrey W.] USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jeffrey.long@nrl.navy.mil
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 162-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256308214
ER
PT J
AU Simonson, DL
McGill, RA
Papantonakis, MR
Higgins, BA
Stepnowski, JL
AF Simonson, Duane L.
McGill, R. Andrew
Papantonakis, Michael R.
Higgins, Bernadette A.
Stepnowski, Jennifer L.
TI ANYL 15-Chemoselective polymers, nanoparticles, and nanotubes in
chemical sensor and preconcentrator applications
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Simonson, Duane L.; McGill, R. Andrew; Papantonakis, Michael R.; Higgins, Bernadette A.] USN, Res Lab, Mat & Sensors Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Stepnowski, Jennifer L.] NOVA Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA.
EM simonson@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; amcgill@ccf.nrl.navy.mil;
jstepnow@ccsalpha3.nrl.navy.mil
RI Papantonakis, Michael/G-3888-2012
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 15-ANYL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256301113
ER
PT J
AU Stenger-Smith, JD
Irvin, JA
Irvin, DJ
Steckler, T
Reynolds, JR
AF Stenger-Smith, John D.
Irvin, Jennifer A.
Irvin, David J.
Steckler, Timothy
Reynolds, John R.
TI PMSE 387-Supercapacitors/fast batteries: Current status and future needs
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Stenger-Smith, John D.; Irvin, David J.] USN, Polymer Sci & Engn Branch, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
[Irvin, Jennifer A.] USN, Div Analyt Chem, Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
[Steckler, Timothy; Reynolds, John R.] Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Ctr Macromol Sci & Engn, George & Josephine Butler Polymer Res Lab, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM john.stenger-smith@navy.mil; jennifer.irvin@navy.mil;
david.irvin@navy.mil; tsteckl@chem.ufl.edu; reynolds@chem.ufl.edu
RI Irvin, Jennifer/C-7968-2013
OI Irvin, Jennifer/0000-0003-3500-8419
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 387-PMSE
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 500EC
UT WOS:000270280001115
ER
PT J
AU Trammell, SA
Moore, M
Lowy, D
Lebedev, N
AF Trammell, Scott A.
Moore, Martin
Lowy, Daniel
Lebedev, Nikolai
TI ANYL 410-Surface electrochemistry of the quinone/hydroquinone redox
center tethered to gold: Comparison of delocalized and saturated bridges
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Trammell, Scott A.; Moore, Martin; Lebedev, Nikolai] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Lowy, Daniel] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 410-ANYL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256301291
ER
PT J
AU Zhou, JC
Blum, AS
Naciri, J
Ratna, BR
AF Zhou, Jing C.
Blum, Amy S.
Naciri, Jawad
Ratna, Banahalli R.
TI COLL 192-Probing the molecular configuration in liquid crystal
nanocolloids
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 17-21, 2008
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Zhou, Jing C.; Blum, Amy S.; Naciri, Jawad; Ratna, Banahalli R.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jing.zhou@nrl.navy.mil; amyblum@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil; ratna@nrl.navy.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 17
PY 2008
VL 236
MA 192-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 499WD
UT WOS:000270256303765
ER
PT J
AU Ryan, MAK
Smith, TC
Sevick, CJ
Honner, WK
Loach, RA
Moore, CA
Erickson, JD
AF Ryan, Margaret A. K.
Smith, Tyler C.
Sevick, Carter J.
Honner, William K.
Loach, Rosha A.
Moore, Cynthia A.
Erickson, J. David
TI Birth defects among infants born to women who received anthrax vaccine
in pregnancy
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE anthrax vaccines; congenital abnormalities; immunization; military
personnel; reproductive history; women's health
ID SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; SERVICE MEMBERS; SAFETY; HOSPITALIZATIONS;
MALFORMATIONS; EXPOSURE; REGISTRY; PROGRAM
AB In response to bioterrorism threats, anthrax vaccine has been used by the US military and considered for civilian use. Concerns exist about the potential for adverse reproductive health effects among vaccine recipients. This retrospective cohort evaluated birth defects, in relation to maternal anthrax vaccination, among all infants born to US military service women between 1998 and 2004. Department of Defense databases defined maternal vaccination and infant diagnoses; multivariable regression models described potential associations between anthrax vaccination and birth defects in liveborn infants. Among 115,169 infants born to military women during this period, 37,140 were born to women ever vaccinated against anthrax, and 3,465 were born to women vaccinated in the first trimester of pregnancy. Birth defects were slightly more common in first trimester-exposed infants (odds ratio = 1.18, 95% confidence interval: 0.997, 1.41) when compared with infants of women vaccinated outside of the first trimester, but this association was statistically significant only when alternative referent groups were used. Although the small observed association may be unlikely to represent a causal relation between vaccination in early pregnancy and birth defects, this information should be considered when making decisions about administering anthrax vaccine to pregnant women.
C1 [Ryan, Margaret A. K.; Smith, Tyler C.; Sevick, Carter J.; Honner, William K.; Loach, Rosha A.] US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
[Moore, Cynthia A.; Erickson, J. David] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Ryan, MAK (reprint author), US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
EM margaret.ryan@med.navy.mil
NR 44
TC 19
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0002-9262
J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL
JI Am. J. Epidemiol.
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 168
IS 4
BP 434
EP 442
DI 10.1093/aje/kwn159
PG 9
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 335XU
UT WOS:000258329700012
PM 18599489
ER
PT J
AU Whitman, TJ
Qasba, SS
Timpone, JG
Babel, BS
Kasper, MR
English, JF
Sanders, JW
Hujer, KM
Hujer, AM
Endimiani, A
Eshoo, MW
Bonomo, RA
AF Whitman, Timothy J.
Qasba, Sonia S.
Timpone, Joseph G.
Babel, Britta S.
Kasper, Matthew R.
English, Judith F.
Sanders, John W.
Hujer, Kristine M.
Hujer, Andrea M.
Endimiani, Andrea
Eshoo, Mark W.
Bonomo, Robert A.
TI Occupational transmission of Acinetobacter baumannii from a united
states serviceman wounded in Iraq to a health care worker
SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTIONS; PNEUMONIA; OUTBREAK; RESISTANCE; MILITARY;
STRAINS
AB Background. Acinetobacter baumannii is increasingly recognized as being a significant pathogen associated with nosocomial outbreaks in both civilian and military treatment facilities. Current analyses of these outbreaks frequently describe patient-to-patient transmission. To date, occupational transmission of A. baumannii from a patient to a health care worker (HCW) has not been reported. We initiated an investigation of an HCW with a complicated case of A. baumannii pneumonia to determine whether a link existed between her illness and A. baumannii infected patients in a military treatment facility who had been entrusted to her care.
Methods. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and polymerase chain reaction/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, a form of multilocus sequencing typing, were done to determine clonality. To further characterize the isolates, we performed a genetic analysis of resistance determinants.
Results and Conclusions. A "look-back" analysis revealed that the multidrug resistant A. baumannii recovered from the HCW and from a patient in her care were indistinguishable by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. In addition, polymerase chain reaction/ electrospray ionization mass spectrometry indicated that the isolates were similar to strains of A. baumannii derived from European clone type II (Walter Reed Army Medical Center strain type II). The exposure of the HCW to the index patient lasted for only 30 min and involved endotracheal suctioning without use of an HCW mask. An examination of 90 A. baumannii isolates collected during this investigation showed that 2 major and multiple minor clone types were present and that the isolates from the HCW and from the index patient were the most prevalent clone type. Occupational transmission likely occurred in the hospital; HCWs caring for patients infected with A. baumannii should be aware of this potential mode of infection spread.
C1 [Whitman, Timothy J.; Babel, Britta S.; Kasper, Matthew R.; English, Judith F.; Sanders, John W.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA.
[Qasba, Sonia S.; Timpone, Joseph G.] Georgetown Univ Hosp, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Washington, DC 20007 USA.
[Hujer, Kristine M.; Hujer, Andrea M.; Endimiani, Andrea; Bonomo, Robert A.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Louis Stokes Cleveland Dept, Res Serv, Cleveland, OH USA.
[Eshoo, Mark W.] ISIS Pharmaceut, Ibis Biosci, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA.
RP Whitman, TJ (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA.
EM timothy.whitman@med.navy.mil; robert.bonomo@med.va.gov
OI Endimiani, Andrea/0000-0003-3186-5421
FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI072219]
NR 21
TC 31
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1058-4838
J9 CLIN INFECT DIS
JI Clin. Infect. Dis.
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 4
BP 439
EP 443
DI 10.1086/589247
PG 5
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 327VD
UT WOS:000257755700005
PM 18611162
ER
PT J
AU Sebeny, PJ
Riddle, MS
Petersen, K
AF Sebeny, Peter J.
Riddle, Mark S.
Petersen, Kyle
TI Acinetobacter baumannii skin and soft-tissue infection associated with
war trauma
SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID HEMORRHAGIC BULLAE; MANAGEMENT; BACTERIA; INJURIES; OUTBREAK; WOUNDS;
IRAQ; CARE
AB Background. Acinetobacter baumannii is usually associated with nosocomial pneumonia or bacteremia. Reports of A. baumannii skin and soft-tissue infection (SSTI) are uncommon.
Methods. We performed a retrospective review of 57 inpatients admitted to a naval hospital ship and identified 8 patients with A. baumannii-associated SSTI. Demographic and clinical characteristics were compared between these patients and 49 patients with A. baumannii infections that were not SSTIs. We also reviewed 18 cases of A. baumannii-associated SSTI from the literature.
Results. Our 8 cases of A. baumannii-associated SSTI were associated with combat trauma wounds. The median age of the patients was 26 years. Although not statistically significant, A. baumannii-associated SSTIs were more likely to be associated with gunshot wounds (75% vs. 55%) or external fixators (63% vs. 29%), compared with A. baumannii infections that were not SSTIs. Use of a central venous catheter and total parenteral nutrition was also more common for patients with SSTI. Our cases of A. baumannii-associated SSTI presented as cellulitis with a "peau d'orange" appearance with overlying vesicles and, when untreated, progressed to necrotizing infection with bullae (hemorrhagic and nonhemorrhagic). In our case series, all isolates were multidrug resistant, and clinical success was achieved for 7 of 8 patients with debridement and carbapenem therapy.
Conclusions. A. baumannii-associated SSTI is an emerging infection in patients who experience trauma. Clinicians should be aware of the potential role of A. baumannii as a multidrug-resistant pathogen causing hospital-acquired SSTI, particularly when associated with previous trauma or use of invasive devices. It should be suspected in patients who experience trauma and have edematous cellulitis with overlying vesicles. Early empirical coverage for drug-resistant species (e. g., with carbapenem therapy), combined with debridement, is usually curative.
C1 [Riddle, Mark S.; Petersen, Kyle] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20889 USA.
[Sebeny, Peter J.] USN, Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA.
RP Petersen, K (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20889 USA.
EM kyle.petersen@med.navy.mil
RI Riddle, Mark/A-8029-2011
NR 26
TC 68
Z9 71
U1 0
U2 6
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1058-4838
J9 CLIN INFECT DIS
JI Clin. Infect. Dis.
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 4
BP 444
EP 449
DI 10.1086/590568
PG 6
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 327VD
UT WOS:000257755700006
PM 18611157
ER
PT J
AU Jensen, KL
Jensen, BL
Montgomery, EJ
Feldman, DW
O'Shea, PG
Moody, N
AF Jensen, Kevin L.
Jensen, Barbara L.
Montgomery, Eric J.
Feldman, Donald W.
O'Shea, Patrick G.
Moody, Nathan
TI Theory of photoemission from cesium antimonide using an
alpha-semiconductor model
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRON-EMISSION; ALKALI-ANTIMONIDES; OPTICAL-ABSORPTION;
PHOTOCATHODES; EQUATION; CS3SB; SCATTERING; METALS
AB A model of photoemission from cesium antimonide (Cs3Sb) that does not rely on adjustable parameters is proposed and compared to the experimental data of Spicer [Phys. Rev. 112, 114 (1958)] and Taft and Philipp [Phys. Rev. 115, 1583 (1959)]. It relies on the following components for the evaluation of all relevant parameters: (i) a multidimensional evaluation of the escape probability from a step-function surface barrier, (ii) scattering rates determined using a recently developed alpha-semiconductor model, and (iii) evaluation of the complex refractive index using a harmonic oscillator model for the evaluation of reflectivity and extinction coefficient. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Jensen, Kevin L.] USN, Res Lab, ESTD, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Jensen, Barbara L.; Montgomery, Eric J.; Feldman, Donald W.; O'Shea, Patrick G.] Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Moody, Nathan] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Jensen, KL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, ESTD, Code 6843, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM kevinjensen@nrl.navy.mil
RI Jensen, Kevin/I-1269-2015
OI Jensen, Kevin/0000-0001-8644-1680
FU Joint Technology Office and the Office of Naval Research
FX We thank the Joint Technology Office and the Office of Naval Research
for supporting this work.
NR 65
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
EI 1089-7550
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 4
AR 044907
DI 10.1063/1.2967826
PG 10
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 349EW
UT WOS:000259265100111
ER
PT J
AU Martin, MJ
Fathy, HK
Houston, BH
AF Martin, Michael James
Fathy, Hosam K.
Houston, Brian H.
TI Dynamic simulation of atomic force microscope cantilevers oscillating in
liquid
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TAPPING-MODE; QUALITY FACTOR; MICROCANTILEVERS; RESONATORS; MODULATION;
SENSORS; SURFACE; FLUID
AB To simulate the behavior of an atomic force microscope (AFM) operating in liquid, a lumped-parameter model of a 40 X 5 mu m(2) thick silicon cantilever with natural frequencies ranging from 3.0 to 6.0 X 105 rad/s was combined with a transient Navier-Stokes solver. The equations of motion were solved simultaneously with the time-dependent flow field. The simulations successfully capture known characteristics of the AFM in liquid, including large viscous losses, reduced peak resonant frequencies, and frequency-dependent damping. From these simulations, the transfer function G(s) of the system was obtained. While the transfer function shares many of the characteristics of a second-order system at higher frequencies, the frequency-dependent damping means that a second-order model cannot be applied. The viscous damping of the system is investigated in greater depth. A phase difference between the peak velocity and peak damping force is observed. Both the phase difference and the magnitude of the damping are shown to be functions of the excitation frequency. Finally, the damping is shown to be strongly dependent on the liquid viscosity and weakly dependent on the liquid density. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Martin, Michael James; Houston, Brian H.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Fathy, Hosam K.] Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Martin, MJ (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM martinm2@asme.org
RI Martin, Michael/A-1174-2007
OI Martin, Michael/0000-0002-6526-4408
FU Office of Naval Research
FX The authors acknowledge financial support from the Office of Naval
Research. Simulations were performed at the Army Research Laboratory
Major Shared Resource Center, an initiative of the DOD High Performance
Computing Modernization Program.
NR 48
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 13
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 4
AR 044316
DI 10.1063/1.2970154
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 349EW
UT WOS:000259265100090
ER
PT J
AU Vitiello, MS
Scamarcio, G
Spagnolo, V
Bewley, WW
Kim, M
Kim, CS
Vurgaftman, I
Meyer, JR
Lops, A
AF Vitiello, Miriam S.
Scamarcio, Gaetano
Spagnolo, Vincenzo
Bewley, William W.
Kim, Mijin
Kim, Chul-Soo
Vurgaftman, Igor
Meyer, Jerry R.
Lops, Antonia
TI Microprobe photoluminescence assessment of the wall-plug efficiency in
interband cascade lasers
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
AB We employ a microprobe photoluminescence (PL) technique to determine the thermal resistance and wall-plug efficiency of narrow-ridge interband cascade lasers emitting at 3.8 mu m. Using two different semiconductor epilayers as integrated thermometers, the local lattice temperature is extracted from the PL spectra and the wall-plug efficiency (eta(w)) derived from the slope of the temperature increase versus electrical power. The maximum (eta(w)) at 78 K is found to be 8.1 +/- 0.5%, and a fit to the lattice temperature gradient implies cross-plane thermal conductivities of 4.5-6.5 W/m K for the short-period InAs/AlSb superlattice cladding and of approximate to 1.5-4 W/m K for the active region. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Vitiello, Miriam S.; Scamarcio, Gaetano; Spagnolo, Vincenzo; Lops, Antonia] Univ Bari, CNR INFM Reg Lab LIT3, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
[Vitiello, Miriam S.; Scamarcio, Gaetano; Spagnolo, Vincenzo; Lops, Antonia] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Interateneo Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
[Bewley, William W.; Kim, Mijin; Kim, Chul-Soo; Vurgaftman, Igor; Meyer, Jerry R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Vitiello, MS (reprint author), Univ Bari, CNR INFM Reg Lab LIT3, Via Amendola 173, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
EM vitiello@fisica.uniba.it; Scamarcio@fisica.uniba.it
OI Scamarcio, Gaetano/0000-0003-0808-4336; Spagnolo,
Vincenzo/0000-0002-4867-8166
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 4
AR 046101
DI 10.1063/1.2968209
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 349EW
UT WOS:000259265100113
ER
PT J
AU Yu, HY
Pande, CS
AF Yu, H. Y.
Pande, C. S.
TI Flux line-point defect Interactions in type II superconducting films
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSPORT CURRENTS; INTERACTION FORCE; DISLOCATION LOOP;
GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; SURFACE; MODEL; VORTICES; LATTICE; NUCLEI; STRAIN
AB By modeling the flux line as a line of centers of dilatation, it is shown that within the linear elasticity and continuum theory, the elastic interaction between a flux line and a point defect in an isotropic superconducting solid is entirely due to its surface. This surface effect, in a superconducting film with two parallel free surfaces, is considered in detail in this paper. Our analysis shows that the absolute value of the interaction energy and the interaction force between a flux line and a point defect decreases rapidly with increasing distance from the point defect to the free surface and to the flux line. The interaction between a flux line and a point defect is found to be strong only when the defect is close to the flux line and to the free surface.
C1 [Yu, H. Y.; Pande, C. S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Yu, HY (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM yuh@anvil.nrl.navy.mil
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 4
AR 043917
DI 10.1063/1.2973444
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 349EW
UT WOS:000259265100066
ER
PT J
AU Freitas, JA
Hanser, D
da Silva, AF
Koukitu, A
AF Freitas, Jaime A., Jr.
Hanser, Drew
da Silva, Antonio F.
Koukitu, Akinori
TI Proceedings of the International Workshop on Bulk Nitride Semiconductors
V (IWBNS-5) - Preface
SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Freitas, Jaime A., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Hanser, Drew] Kyma Technol, Raleigh, NC USA.
[da Silva, Antonio F.] Univ Fed Bahia, Inst Phys, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
[Koukitu, Akinori] Tokyo Univ Agr & Technol, Tokyo, Japan.
RP Freitas, JA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jaime.freitas@nrl.navy.mil; hanser@kymatech.com; Ferreira@fis.ufba.br;
Koukitu@cc.tuat.ac-jp
RI KOUKITU, Akinori/H-5347-2013
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0248
J9 J CRYST GROWTH
JI J. Cryst. Growth
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 310
IS 17
BP 3901
EP 3901
DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.06.044
PG 1
WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics
GA 356DS
UT WOS:000259759500001
ER
PT J
AU Feigelson, BN
Frazier, RM
Gowda, M
Freitas, JA
Fatemi, M
Mastro, MA
Tischler, JG
AF Feigelson, B. N.
Frazier, R. M.
Gowda, M.
Freitas, J. A., Jr.
Fatemi, M.
Mastro, M. A.
Tischler, J. G.
TI Seeded growth of GaN single crystals from solution at near atmospheric
pressure
SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Workshop on Bulk Nitride Semiconductor
CY SEP 24-28, 2007
CL Itaparica, BRAZIL
DE growth from high temperature solutions; single crystal growth; nitrides;
semiconducting III-V materials
ID VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY
AB A multi-component solvent has been developed to dissolve solid gallium nitride (GaN) source material and grow single GaN crystals from the solution on GaN seeds. A thermal gradient is used to maintain GaN dissolution at the hot end of the Crucible and to grow GaN Crystals on a seed at the colder end. Crystals were,town at nitrogen pressure of 0.23-0.25 MPa and temperature of 800 degrees C. Optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, micro Raman scattering and photoluminescence spectroscopy confirmed the high Structural and optical quality of the GaN crystals. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Feigelson, B. N.; Frazier, R. M.; Gowda, M.; Freitas, J. A., Jr.; Fatemi, M.; Mastro, M. A.; Tischler, J. G.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Feigelson, B. N.] SAIC, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Gowda, M.] George Mason Univ, Dept ECE, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Frazier, R. M.] Univ Alabama, AIME, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
RP Feigelson, BN (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6882,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM borisf@estd.nrl.navy.mil
NR 15
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0248
J9 J CRYST GROWTH
JI J. Cryst. Growth
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 310
IS 17
BP 3934
EP 3940
DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.06.037
PG 7
WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics
GA 356DS
UT WOS:000259759500007
ER
PT J
AU Gowda, M
Freitas, JA
Frazier, RM
Feigelson, BN
Rao, MV
AF Gowda, M.
Freitas, J. A.
Frazier, R. M.
Feigelson, B. N.
Rao, M. V.
TI Optical properties of bulk GaN crystals grown from solution at moderate
pressure and temperature
SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Workshop on Bulk Nitride Semiconductor
CY SEP 24-28, 2007
CL Itaparica, BRAZIL
DE characterization; impurities; point defects; growth from high
temperature solutions; single crystal growth; nitrides
ID VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; SPECTROSCOPY; LAYERS; FILMS
AB Structural and optical properties of GaN crystals grown from solution at moderate temperature (800 degrees C) and pressure (similar to 0.25Mpa) have been investigated using Raman scattering and photoluminescence spectroscopies. The lineshape and linewidth of the first-order optical phonons measured at room temperature indicates good crystalline quality of the freestanding GaN crystals and epitaxial GaN layers. Low-temperature photoluminescence spectra are characterized by sharp and intense emission peaks at 3.47 eV, attributed to the annihilation of excitons bound to shallow donors, which confirms good crystalline quality of the grown crystals and the epitaxial grown layers. The intensities of the near-bandedge emission lines in the photoluminescence spectra are consistent with reduced incorporation of pervasive background impurities in the crystals as well as in the epitaxial layers. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gowda, M.; Freitas, J. A.; Frazier, R. M.; Feigelson, B. N.] USN, Res Lab, Elect Mat Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Gowda, M.; Rao, M. V.] George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Frazier, R. M.] Univ Alabama, Alabama Inst Mfg Excellence, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
[Feigelson, B. N.] SAIC, Washington, DC USA.
RP Freitas, JA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Elect Mat Branch, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jaime.freitas@nrl.navy.mil
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0248
J9 J CRYST GROWTH
JI J. Cryst. Growth
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 310
IS 17
BP 3941
EP 3945
DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.06.007
PG 5
WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics
GA 356DS
UT WOS:000259759500008
ER
PT J
AU Freitas, JA
Gowda, M
Tischler, JG
Kim, JH
Liu, L
Hanser, D
AF Freitas, J. A., Jr.
Gowda, M.
Tischler, J. G.
Kim, J.-H.
Liu, L.
Hanser, D.
TI Semi-insulating GaN substrates for high-frequency device fabrication
SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Workshop on Bulk Nitride Semiconductor
CY SEP 24-28, 2007
CL Itaparica, BRAZIL
DE characterization; impurities; X-ray diffraction; hydride vapor phase
epitaxy; nitrides; semiconducting materials
ID VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; GALLIUM NITRIDE; GROWTH;
LAYERS; TEMPLATES; FILMS
AB Thick c-plane unintentional doped and iron-doped GaN substrates were grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxial technique on sapphire Substrates. The morphology and crystalline quality of the freestanding samples show no evident degradation due to iron doping. Low-temperature photoluminescence measurements show reduction of the exciton-bound to neutral impurities band intensities with iron doping increase. Near-infrared photoluminescence studies confirm the incorporation and activation of iron impurities. Variable temperature resistivity measurements verified that the iron-doped films are semi-insulating. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Freitas, J. A., Jr.; Gowda, M.; Tischler, J. G.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Gowda, M.] George Mason Univ, Dept ECE, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Kim, J.-H.] Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 136701, South Korea.
[Liu, L.; Hanser, D.] Kyma Technol Inc, Raleigh, NC USA.
RP Freitas, JA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jaime.freitas@nrl.navy.mil; hyunhyun@korea.ac.kr
RI Kim, Jihyun/F-6940-2013
NR 25
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0248
J9 J CRYST GROWTH
JI J. Cryst. Growth
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 310
IS 17
BP 3968
EP 3972
DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.06.038
PG 5
WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics
GA 356DS
UT WOS:000259759500014
ER
PT J
AU Fechine, PBA
Sombra, ASB
Freitas, JA
AF Fechine, P. B. A.
Sombra, A. S. B.
Freitas, J. A., Jr.
TI Dielectric studies of metal/n-GaN/metal Schottky contact in the radio
frequency range
SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Workshop on Bulk Nitride Semiconductor
CY SEP 24-28, 2007
CL Itaparica, BRAZIL
DE GaN; bulk nitrade semiconductors; semiconductors
ID CAPACITANCE-VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS; HIGH SERIES RESISTANCE; N-TYPE GAN;
BARRIER DIODES; EXCESS CAPACITANCE; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; IV PLOT; HEIGHT;
STATES; EXTRACTION
AB Capacitance-voltage and capacitance-frequency characteristics of the metal/n-GaN/metal Schottky contacts with Au, Al and Ag electrodes were investigated as a function of the temperature and external electric field in the frequency range from 100 to 300 kHz. Forward capacitance-voltage measurements were carried out in the frequency range from 100 Hz to 20 MHz. The temperature capacitance coefficient and the electrical tunability were measured as a function of the external DC held for all contacts. The capacitance and dielectric loss measurements show relaxation peaks from 4 to 11 kHz for some electrodes, indicating that interfacial effects play an important role in the electrical properties of the GaN Schottky barrier contact. Low-frequency relaxation Studies were conveniently used to probe interfacial characteristics of the contacts. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Fechine, P. B. A.; Sombra, A. S. B.] Univ Fed Ceara, Dept Phys, Lab Telecommun & Mat Sci & Engn LOCEM, BR-60455760 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil.
[Fechine, P. B. A.] Univ Fed Ceara, Analyt & Phys Chem Dept, BR-60451970 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil.
[Freitas, J. A., Jr.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Sombra, ASB (reprint author), Univ Fed Ceara, Dept Phys, Lab Telecommun & Mat Sci & Engn LOCEM, BR-60455760 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil.
EM sombra@fisica.ufc.br
RI Fechine, Pierre/B-7937-2013; 8, INCT/H-6363-2013; 51, INCT/H-6644-2013;
Fotonica, INCT/H-9159-2013; Sombra, Antonio /B-2963-2013; UFC,
DF/E-1564-2017; Universidade Federal do Ceara, Physics
Department/J-4630-2016
OI Fechine, Pierre/0000-0002-7822-2354; Universidade Federal do Ceara,
Physics Department/0000-0002-9247-6780
NR 36
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0248
J9 J CRYST GROWTH
JI J. Cryst. Growth
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 310
IS 17
BP 3992
EP 3997
DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.06.012
PG 6
WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics
GA 356DS
UT WOS:000259759500019
ER
PT J
AU Silveira, E
Freitas, JA
Schujman, SB
Schowalter, LJ
AF Silveira, E.
Freitas, J. A.
Schujman, S. B.
Schowalter, L. J.
TI AlN bandgap temperature dependence from its optical properties
SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Workshop on Bulk Nitride Semiconductor
CY SEP 24-28, 2007
CL Itaparica, BRAZIL
DE nitrides; semiconducting aluminum compounds; semiconducting materials
ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; ENERGY-GAP; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; EDGE
CATHODOLUMINESCENCE; EPITAXIAL LAYERS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE;
SEMICONDUCTORS; FILMS; GROWTH; TRANSITIONS
AB In the present work we report on the AlN gap energy temperature dependence studied through the optical properties of high-quality large bulk AlN single crystals grown by a sublimation-recondensation technique. The cathodoluminescence, transmission/absorption as well as optical reflectance measurements at low temperature show a clear feature at about 6.03 eV, which could be attributed to the free exciton A. Even using a rather thick sample it was possible to observe the absorption due to the free exciton A in this energy range due to its large binding energy. We followed the temperature evolution of these features LIP to room temperature and inferred the gap energy temperature dependence using the exciton binding energy obtained by our group in the past. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Silveira, E.] UFPR, Depto Fis, BR-81531990 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
[Freitas, J. A.] USN, Res Lab, ESTD, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Schujman, S. B.; Schowalter, L. J.] Crystal IS Inc, Green Island, NY 12183 USA.
RP Silveira, E (reprint author), UFPR, Depto Fis, Caixa Postal 19044, BR-81531990 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
EM edilson@fisica.ufpr.br
NR 33
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0248
J9 J CRYST GROWTH
JI J. Cryst. Growth
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 310
IS 17
BP 4007
EP 4010
DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.06.015
PG 4
WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics
GA 356DS
UT WOS:000259759500022
ER
PT J
AU McDonald, SE
Dymond, KF
Summers, ME
AF McDonald, S. E.
Dymond, K. F.
Summers, M. E.
TI Hemispheric asymmetries in the longitudinal structure of the
low-latitude nighttime ionosphere
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID EQUATORIAL F-REGION; ELECTRON-DENSITY; SUNSPOT MAXIMUM; MODEL; FIELD;
ATMOSPHERE; SIGNATURES; AMERICAN; PROFILES; WAVES
AB Observations performed with the Low Resolution Airglow and Aurora Spectrograph (LORAAS), which flew aboard the Advanced Research and Global Observation Satellite (ARGOS), show evidence of wave number four longitudinal variations in the nighttime equatorial anomaly during March 2001 and March 2002. LORAAS limb scans of O I 135.6 nm emission features are used to reconstruct electron density profiles from which maps of the monthly average peak F region electron densities and heights at 0230 LT are generated. The longitudinal structure is nearly identical in both years. The locations of the longitudinal maxima in the Northern Hemisphere match that of previous studies, but the LORAAS data show a pronounced hemispheric asymmetry in the locations of the maxima in the Southern Hemisphere. The LORAAS results are compared with the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI- 90) to show the derived electron densities and peak altitudes are consistent with the climatology, but that the observed longitudinal structure is not. A physics-based model of the ionosphere (Sami is Another Model of the Ionosphere (SAMI2)) is used to study the role of thermospheric neutral winds in generating the observed longitudinal pattern. It is demonstrated that longitudinally varying F region winds along with effects due to the offset of the geographic and magnetic equator are the plausible cause of the hemispheric asymmetry. Together, the effects enhance the observed wave number four pattern in the nighttime ionosphere.
C1 [McDonald, S. E.; Dymond, K. F.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Summers, M. E.] George Mason Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RP McDonald, SE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM sarah.mcdonald@nrl.navy.mil
OI Dymond, Kenneth/0000-0001-8060-9016
FU Office of Naval Research; NRL Edison Training Program
FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. In addition,
the work of one of the authors (S. McDonald) was supported by the NRL
Edison Training Program and is part of her dissertation research at the
College of Science at George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia.
NR 47
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 113
IS A8
AR A08308
DI 10.1029/2007JA012876
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 338NS
UT WOS:000258515200001
ER
PT J
AU Tauber, E
Kollaritsch, H
von Sonnenburg, F
Lademann, M
Jilma, B
Firbas, C
Jelinek, T
Beckett, C
Knobloch, J
McBride, WJH
Schuller, E
Kaltenbock, A
Sun, W
Lyons, A
AF Tauber, E.
Kollaritsch, H.
von Sonnenburg, F.
Lademann, M.
Jilma, B.
Firbas, C.
Jelinek, T.
Beckett, C.
Knobloch, J.
McBride, W. J. H.
Schuller, E.
Kaltenboeck, A.
Sun, W.
Lyons, A.
TI Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial of the safety
and tolerability of IC51, an inactivated Japanese encephalitis vaccine
SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID VIRUS-VACCINE; SA14-14-2
AB Background. Japanese encephalitis (JE) is the most important mosquito-borne viral encephalitis and has a high case fatality rate. It is caused by Japanese encephalitis virus. Improved vaccines are urgently needed for residents in countries of endemicity, travelers, and the military. The aim of the present trial was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of IC51, Intercell's Vero cell-derived, purified, inactivated JE vaccine.
Methods. This was a randomized (3:1), double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter phase 3 trial. Healthy subjects were randomized to receive 2 doses of IC51 (n = 2012) or placebo (n = 663) at a 4-week interval. Adverse events following immunization (AEFI) were documented over a period of 2 months.
Results. The rate of severe AEFI was similar in the IC51 group (0.5%) and the placebo group (0.9%). The rate of medically attended AEFI and all AEFI was also similar in the IC51 group and the placebo group. The same applied for all adverse events, including local and systemic tolerability. Importantly, there were no signs of acute allergic reactions.
Conclusion. The Intercell JE vaccine IC51 had a safety profile similar to that of placebo. These data, together with the immunogenicity data from a recent phase 3 trial, form the basis of application for licensure of this vaccine.
Trial registration. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00605058.
C1 [Kaltenboeck, A.] Med Univ Vienna, Intercell AG, Vienna, Austria.
[Kollaritsch, H.] Med Univ Vienna, Inst Specif Prophylaxis & Trop Med, Ctr Physiol & Pathophysiol, Vienna, Austria.
[Jilma, B.; Firbas, C.] Med Univ Vienna, Dept Clin Pharmacol, Vienna, Austria.
[von Sonnenburg, F.] Univ Munich, Dept Trop Med & Infect Dis, Munich, Germany.
[Lademann, M.] Univ Rostock, Dept Trop Med, Rostock, Germany.
[Jelinek, T.] Berlin Ctr Travel & Trop Med, Berlin, Germany.
[Knobloch, J.] Univ Tubingen, Inst Trop Med, Tubingen, Germany.
[Beckett, C.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Sun, W.; Lyons, A.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Virus Dis, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[McBride, W. J. H.] James Cook Univ, Cairns Base Hosp, Sch Med, Cairns, Australia.
RP Jilma, B (reprint author), Med Univ Austria, Dept Clin Pharmacol, Waehringerguertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
EM Bernd.Jilma@meduniwien.ac.at
RI Lyons, Arthur/B-8923-2011; McBride, William/B-9145-2008;
OI McBride, William/0000-0001-8894-533X; Kollaritsch,
Herwig/0000-0001-6393-516X; Tauber, Erich/0000-0001-8042-2403
NR 30
TC 49
Z9 50
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1537-6613
J9 J INFECT DIS
JI J. Infect. Dis.
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 198
IS 4
BP 493
EP 499
DI 10.1086/590116
PG 7
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 329TK
UT WOS:000257893300007
PM 18588481
ER
PT J
AU Picchioni, D
Fukunaga, M
Carr, WS
Braun, AR
Balkin, TJ
Duyn, JH
Horovitz, SG
AF Picchioni, Dante
Fukunaga, Masaki
Carr, Walter S.
Braun, Allen R.
Balkin, Thomas J.
Duyn, Jeff H.
Horovitz, Silvina G.
TI fMRI differences between early and late stage-1 sleep
SO NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE fMRI; EEG; stage-1 sleep; sleep scoring; sleep onset
ID FLUCTUATIONS
AB This study sought to test for differences in regional brain activity between stage-1 sleep immediately following wake and immediately preceding stage-2 sleep. Data were collected during daytime fMRI sessions with simultaneous EEG acquisition. A stage-1 interval was defined as follows: >= 30 s of wake, immediately followed by >= 60 s of continuous stage 1, immediately followed by >= 30 s of stage 2. We compared brain activity between the first 30 s of stage 1 (early stage 1), the last 30 s of stage 1 (late stage 1), and isolated wake. A conjunction analysis sorted each voxel into one of a series of mutually exclusive categories that represented the various possible combinations of a significant increase, decrease, or no difference among these three states. The initial dataset consisted of 14 healthy volunteers. A total of 22 sessions in these participants yielded six stage-1 intervals (from four participants) that met criteria for inclusion in the analysis. There were multiple clusters of significant voxels. Examples include changes in default-mode network areas where activity increased compared to wake only in early stage 1 and a bilateral change in the hippocampus where activity increased compared to wake only in late stage 1. These results suggest that activity in anatomically identifiable, volumetric brain regions exhibit differences during stage-1 sleep that would not have been detected with the EEG. These differences may also have specific relevance to understanding the process of sleep onset as well as the neural mechanisms of performance lapses during sleep deprivation. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
C1 [Picchioni, Dante; Balkin, Thomas J.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Fukunaga, Masaki; Duyn, Jeff H.; Horovitz, Silvina G.] NINDS, Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD USA.
[Carr, Walter S.] USN, Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Braun, Allen R.] Natl Inst Deafness & Other Commun Disorders, Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Picchioni, D (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM dante.picchioni@amedd.army.mil
RI Duyn, Jozef/F-2483-2010
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 DC999999]
NR 13
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0304-3940
J9 NEUROSCI LETT
JI Neurosci. Lett.
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 441
IS 1
BP 81
EP 85
DI 10.1016/j.neulet.2008.06.010
PG 5
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 333TD
UT WOS:000258174400017
PM 18584959
ER
PT J
AU Dykman, MI
Schwartz, IB
Landsman, AS
AF Dykman, Mark I.
Schwartz, Ira B.
Landsman, Alexandra S.
TI Disease extinction in the presence of random vaccination
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID STOCHASTIC EPIDEMICS; DRIVEN SYSTEMS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MODELS;
FLUCTUATIONS; COMPLEXITY; ESCAPE; CHAOS; TIMES; SIS
AB We investigate disease extinction in an epidemic model described by a birth-death process. We show that, in the absence of vaccination, the effective entropic barrier for extinction displays scaling with the distance to the bifurcation point, with an unusual critical exponent. Even a comparatively weak Poisson-distributed random vaccination leads to an exponential increase in the extinction rate, with the exponent that strongly depends on the vaccination parameters.
C1 [Dykman, Mark I.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Schwartz, Ira B.; Landsman, Alexandra S.] USN, Res Lab, Nonlinear Syst Dynam Sect, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Dykman, MI (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RI Schwartz, Ira/A-8073-2009; Landsman, Alexandra/I-6399-2013
OI Landsman, Alexandra/0000-0002-8194-8439
NR 32
TC 54
Z9 54
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 101
IS 7
AR 078101
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.078101
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 337ZI
UT WOS:000258473800070
PM 18764580
ER
PT J
AU Pillay, D
Johannes, MD
AF Pillay, D.
Johannes, M. D.
TI Comparison of sulfur interaction with hydrogen on Pt(111), Ni(111) and
Pt3Ni(111) surfaces: The effect of intermetallic bonding
SO SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE density functional calculations; catalysis; adsorption; hydrogen;
sulfur; platinum; nickel; platinum-alloy
ID OXYGEN REDUCTION; ALLOY SURFACES; COADSORPTION; ADSORPTION; METAL;
1ST-PRINCIPLES; DIFFRACTION; NICKEL; LEED; NI
AB Adsorption strengths of hydrogen and sulfur both individually and together as co-adsorbates were investigated on Pt(111), Ni(111) and Pt3Ni(111) surfaces using density functional theory in order to determine the effect of metal alloying on sulfur tolerance. The adsorption strengths of H and S singly follow the same trend: Ni(111) > Pt(111) > Pt3Ni(111), which correlates well with the respective d-band center positions of each surface. We find that the main effect of alloying is to distort both the sub-layer structure and the Pt overlayer resulting in a lowered d-band. For all three surfaces, the cl-band shifts downward non-linearly as a function of S coverage. Nearly identical decreases in d-band position were calculated for each surface, leading to an expectation that subsequent adsorption of H would scale with Surface type similarly to single species adsorption. in contradiction to this expectation, there was no clearly discernable difference between the energies of coadsorbed H on Pt(111) and Ni(111) and only a slightly lowered energy on Pt3Ni(111). This provides evidence that coadsorbed species in close proximity interact directly through itinerant mobile electrons and through electrostatic repulsion rather than solely through the electronic structure of the surface. The combination of the lowered d-band position (arising from distorted geometry) and direct co-adsorbate interactions on Pt3Ni(111) leads to a lower energy barrier for H2S formation on the surface compared to pure Pt(111). Thus, alloying Pt with Ni both decreases the likelihood of S adsorption and favors S removal through H2S formation. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Pillay, D.; Johannes, M. D.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Pillay, D (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM dpillay@dave.nrl.navy.mil
FU National Research Council
FX We acknowledge the Office of Naval Research. Do also would like to
acknowledge the National Research Council for funding.
NR 26
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 25
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-6028
J9 SURF SCI
JI Surf. Sci.
PD AUG 15
PY 2008
VL 602
IS 16
BP 2752
EP 2757
DI 10.1016/j.susc.2008.06.035
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 351XG
UT WOS:000259458600006
ER
PT J
AU Wang, SP
Golaz, JC
Wang, Q
AF Wang, Shouping
Golaz, Jean-Christophe
Wang, Qing
TI Effect of intense wind shear across the inversion on stratocumulus
clouds
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MARINE STRATOCUMULUS; CAPE MENDOCINO; SIMULATIONS; AIRCRAFT; DYNAMICS;
BUDGETS; LAYERS
AB A large-eddy simulation model is used to examine the impact of the intense cross-inversion wind shear on the stratocumulus cloud structure. The wind shear enhanced entrainment mixing effectively reduces the cloud water and thickens the inversion layer. It leads to a reduction of the turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) production in the cloud layer due to the weakened cloud-top radiative cooling and the formation of a turbulent and cloud free sublayer within the inversion. The thickness of the sublayer increases with the enhanced wind shear intensity. Under the condition of a weaker inversion, the enhanced shear mixing within the inversion layer even lowers the cloud-top height and reduces the entrainment velocity. Finally, increasing wind shear or reducing inversion strength tends to create an inversion layer with a constant bulk Richardson number (similar to 0.3), suggesting that an equilibrium value of the Richardson number is reached.
C1 [Wang, Shouping] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Golaz, Jean-Christophe] Princeton Univ, UCAR VSP, GFDL, NOAA, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
[Wang, Qing] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Wang, SP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper,MS2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM wang@nrlmry.navy.mil
RI Golaz, Jean-Christophe/D-5007-2014
OI Golaz, Jean-Christophe/0000-0003-1616-5435
FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [0602435N]; NOAA Geophysical Fluid
Dynamics Laboratory; University Corporation for Atmospheric Research;
ONR [N0001407WR20229]
FX We thank Ming Liu for implementing the new radiation package in
COAMPS-LES, Qingfang Jiang for many useful discussions, and James Doyle
for comments on an early version of the paper. We also greatly
appreciate two reviewers' constructive comments, which result in
improvement in the presentation. S. Wang acknowledges the support from
the Office of Naval Research (ONR) under program element (PE) 0602435N.
J.-C. Golaz was supported by the Visiting Scientist Program at the NOAA
Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, administered by the University
Corporation for Atmospheric Research. Qing Wang acknowledges the ONR
support under N0001407WR20229. COAMPS (R) is a registered trade mark of
the Naval Research Laboratory.
NR 16
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 13
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 15
AR L15814
DI 10.1029/2008GL033865
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 338LO
UT WOS:000258509500002
ER
PT J
AU Jacobson, IG
Ryan, MAK
Hooper, TI
Smith, TC
Amoroso, PJ
Boyko, EJ
Gackstetter, GD
Wells, TS
Bell, NS
AF Jacobson, Isabel G.
Ryan, Margaret A. K.
Hooper, Tomoko I.
Smith, Tyler C.
Amoroso, Paul J.
Boyko, Edward J.
Gackstetter, Gary D.
Wells, Timothy S.
Bell, Nicole S.
TI Alcohol use and alcohol-related problems before and after military
combat deployment
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; MENTAL-HEALTH PROBLEMS; READJUSTMENT
RATING-SCALE; GENERAL-POPULATION SURVEY; SEXUAL ASSAULT SURVIVORS;
GULF-WAR VETERANS; MILLENNIUM COHORT; DRINKING PATTERNS; UNITED-STATES;
CAGE QUESTIONNAIRE
AB Context High rates of alcohol misuse after deployment have been reported among personnel returning from past conflicts, yet investigations of alcohol misuse after return from the current wars in Iraq and Afghanistan are lacking.
Objectives To determine whether deployment with combat exposures was associated with new-onset or continued alcohol consumption, binge drinking, and alcoholrelated problems.
Design, Setting, and Participants Data were from Millennium Cohort Study participants who completed both a baseline (July 2001 to June 2003; n = 77 047) and followup (June 2004 to February 2006; n = 55 021) questionnaire (follow-up response rate = 71.4%). After we applied exclusion criteria, our analyses included 48 481 participants (active duty, n = 26 613; Reserve or National Guard, n = 21 868). Of these, 5510 deployed with combat exposures, 5661 deployed without combat exposures, and 37 310 did not deploy.
Main Outcome Measures New- onset and continued heavy weekly drinking, binge drinking, and alcohol-related problems at follow-up.
Results Baseline prevalence of heavy weekly drinking, binge drinking, and alcoholrelated problems among Reserve or National Guard personnel who deployed with combat exposures was 9.0%, 53.6%, and 15.2%, respectively; follow-up prevalence was 12.5%, 53.0%, and 11.9%, respectively; and new-onset rates were 8.8%, 25.6%, and 7.1%, respectively. Among active-duty personnel, new-onset rates were 6.0%, 26.6%, and 4.8%, respectively. Reserve and National Guard personnel who deployed and reported combat exposures were significantly more likely to experience new-onset heavy weekly drinking (odds ratio [OR], 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.36-1.96), binge drinking (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.24-1.71), and alcohol-related problems (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.33-2.01) compared with nondeployed personnel. The youngest members of the cohort were at highest risk for all alcohol-related outcomes.
Conclusion Reserve and National Guard personnel and younger service members who deploy with reported combat exposures are at increased risk of new-onset heavy weekly drinking, binge drinking, and alcohol-related problems.
C1 [Jacobson, Isabel G.; Ryan, Margaret A. K.; Smith, Tyler C.] US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
[Hooper, Tomoko I.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Amoroso, Paul J.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Ft Lewis, WA USA.
[Boyko, Edward J.] Dept Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
[Wells, Timothy S.] Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Air Force Res Lab, Dayton, OH USA.
[Gackstetter, Gary D.] Analyt Serv Inc, Arlington, VA USA.
[Bell, Nicole S.] Social Sectors Dev Strategies Inc, Tacoma, WA USA.
RP Jacobson, IG (reprint author), US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
EM Isabel.Jacobson@med.navy.mil
FU NIAAA NIH HHS [R01-AA13324, R01 AA013324, R01 AA013324-01]
NR 79
TC 257
Z9 259
U1 5
U2 24
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD AUG 13
PY 2008
VL 300
IS 6
BP 663
EP 675
DI 10.1001/jama.300.6.663
PG 13
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 336OM
UT WOS:000258374500019
PM 18698065
ER
PT J
AU Wang, YM
AF Wang, Y. -M.
TI Relating the solar wind helium abundance to the coronal magnetic field
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE interplanetary medium; solar wind; Sun : abundances; Sun : corona; Sun :
magnetic fields
ID MINOR IONS; ULYSSES; SPEED; CYCLE; FLUX; ACCELERATION; INTERPLANETARY;
EXPANSION; MAXIMUM; PROTON
AB We analyze the long-term variation of the solar wind helium abundance, both in and out of the ecliptic, using stack-plot displays to compare these in situ observations with derived coronal parameters. The coronal source regions are identified and their magnetic properties characterized by applying a current-free extrapolation, with source surface located at heliocentric distance r = 2.5 R-circle dot, to magnetograph measurements. The density ratio A(He) of alpha-particles to protons is found to correlate best with the source-surface field strength B-ss, which tends to be enhanced in high-speed flows and in the slow wind at sunspot maximum, but to be weak in the low-speed wind that originates from the polar coronal-hole boundaries around sunspot minimum. A much weaker correlation exists between AHe and the proton flux density at the source surface. These results are consistent with acceleration of the alpha-particles by ion cyclotron resonance in the outer corona. However, we are unable to explain why the helium abundance was depressed in the recurrent high-speed streams observed in the ecliptic during 1999-2000 and 2003-2004.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Wang, YM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Code 7672W, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM ywang@yucca.nrl.navy.mil
NR 57
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 10
PY 2008
VL 683
IS 1
BP 499
EP 509
DI 10.1086/589766
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 335NA
UT WOS:000258296100042
ER
PT J
AU Kara, AB
Barron, CN
Wallcraft, AJ
Oguz, T
Casey, KS
AF Kara, A. B.
Barron, C. N.
Wallcraft, A. J.
Oguz, T.
Casey, K. S.
TI Advantages of fine resolution SSTs for small ocean basins: Evaluation in
the Black Sea
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE TEMPERATURE; SATELLITE; ALGORITHM; SITU
AB This paper examines monthly variability of climatological mean sea surface temperature (SST) in the Black Sea. A total of eight products, including observation-and model-based SST climatologies, are formed and compared with each other. Some of the observation-based SST data sets include only satellite measurements, while others combine in situ temperatures, such as those from moored and drifter buoys, with satellite data. Climatologies for numerical weather prediction (NWP) model-based data sets are formed using high temporal resolution (6 hourly) surface temperatures. Spatial resolution of these SST products varies greatly (approximate to 4 km to 280 km), with the observation-based climatologies typically finer than the NWP-based climatologies. In the interior, all data sets are in general agreement, with annual mean SST biases typically within +/- 0.2 degrees C in comparison to the finest resolution (4 km) satellite-based Pathfinder climatology. Major differences are near the land-sea boundaries where model-based SSTs pose serious biases (as much as > 5 degrees C). Such errors are due to improper contamination of surface temperatures over land since coarse resolution model-based products cannot distinguish land and sea near the coastal boundaries. A creeping sea-fill interpolation improves accuracy of coastal SSTs from NWP climatologies, such as European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast. All climatologies are also evaluated against historical in situ SSTs during 1942-2007. These comparisons confirm the relatively better accuracy of the observation-based climatologies.
C1 [Kara, A. B.; Barron, C. N.; Wallcraft, A. J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[Casey, K. S.] NOAA, Natl Oceanog Data Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Oguz, T.] Middle E Tech Univ, Inst Marine Sci, TR-33731 Erdemli, Icel, Turkey.
RP Kara, AB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Code 7320,Bldg 1009, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM birol.kara@nrlssc.navy.mil; oguz@ims.metu.edu.tr; kenneth.casey@noaa.gov
RI Casey, Kenneth/D-4065-2013; Barron, Charlie/C-1451-2008
OI Casey, Kenneth/0000-0002-6052-7117;
NR 21
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD AUG 7
PY 2008
VL 113
IS C8
AR C08013
DI 10.1029/2007JC004569
PG 15
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 336CA
UT WOS:000258340700003
ER
PT J
AU Xu, Y
Pehrsson, PE
Chen, LW
Zhao, W
AF Xu, Yang
Pehrsson, Pehr E.
Chen, Liwei
Zhao, Wei
TI Controllable redox reaction of chemically purified DNA-single walled
carbon nanotube hybrids with hydrogen peroxide
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID FLUORESCENCE; THIOCYANATE; OXIDATION; SELECTION
AB We report for the first time the controllable redox reaction of chemically purified ssDNA-HiPco SWNT hybrids with hydrogen peroxide. Compared with the suspensions before inert with hydrogen peroxide which may serve as a platform for furthur chemical manipulation . In the presence of thiocynate ions, the reaction of SWNTs with hydrogen peroxide is initiated and accelerated at the earlier stage , accompanied with the near-infrared spectral supression. At the later stage, the suppressed spectral intensity is recovered overtime. The thiocyanate ions may work as a mediator being able to control the reaction rate as well as the tunable properties of the reaction. The tunable redox reaction of SWNTs and H(2)O(2) mediated by thiocyanate ions may offer a new sensing scheme for continuously monitoring H(2)O(2) concentrations.
C1 [Xu, Yang; Zhao, Wei] Univ Arkansas, Dept Chem, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA.
[Pehrsson, Pehr E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Chen, Liwei] Ohio Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Athens, OH 45701 USA.
RP Zhao, W (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Chem, 2801 S Univ Ave, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA.
EM wxzhao@uair.edu
NR 26
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 2
U2 19
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 6
PY 2008
VL 130
IS 31
BP 10054
EP +
DI 10.1021/ja802743h
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 332JZ
UT WOS:000258080600010
PM 18611008
ER
PT J
AU Lu, ML
Feingold, G
Jonsson, HH
Chuang, PY
Gates, H
Flagan, RC
Seinfeld, JH
AF Lu, Miao-Ling
Feingold, Graham
Jonsson, Haflidi H.
Chuang, Patrick Y.
Gates, Harmony
Flagan, Richard C.
Seinfeld, John H.
TI Aerosol-cloud relationships in continental shallow cumulus
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID BOUNDARY-LAYER CLOUDS; EFFECTIVE RADIUS; DROPLET SPECTRA; RADIATIVE
PROPERTIES; CONVECTIVE CLOUDS; PARAMETERIZATION; ENTRAINMENT; EVOLUTION;
PRECIPITATION; CONDENSATION
AB Aerosol-cloud relationships are derived from 14 warm continental cumuli cases sampled during the 2006 Gulf of Mexico Atmospheric Composition and Climate Study (GoMACCS) by the Center for Interdisciplinary Remotely-Piloted Aircraft Studies (CIRPAS) Twin Otter aircraft. Cloud droplet number concentration is clearly proportional to the subcloud accumulation mode aerosol number concentration. An inverse correlation between cloud top effective radius and subcloud aerosol number concentration is observed when cloud depth variations are accounted for. There are no discernable aerosol effects on cloud droplet spectral dispersion; the averaged spectral relative dispersion is 0.30 +/- 0.04. Aerosol-cloud relationships are also identified from comparison of two isolated cloud cases that occurred under different degrees of anthropogenic influence. Cloud liquid water content, cloud droplet number concentration, and cloud top effective radius exhibit subadiabaticity resulting from entrainment mixing processes. The degree of LWC subadiabaticity is found to increase with cloud depth. Impacts of subadiabaticity on cloud optical properties are assessed. It is estimated that owing to entrainment mixing, cloud LWP, effective radius, and cloud albedo are decreased by 50-85%, 5-35%, and 2-26%, respectively, relative to adiabatic values of a plane-parallel cloud. The impact of subadiabaticity on cloud albedo is largest for shallow clouds. Results suggest that the effect of entrainment mixing must be accounted for when evaluating the aerosol indirect effect.
C1 [Lu, Miao-Ling; Flagan, Richard C.; Seinfeld, John H.] CALTECH, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Gates, Harmony; Flagan, Richard C.; Seinfeld, John H.] CALTECH, Dept Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Jonsson, Haflidi H.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Feingold, Graham] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Chuang, Patrick Y.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Lu, ML (reprint author), CALTECH, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, 1200 E Calif Blvd,Mail Code 210-41, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM seinfeld@caltech.edu
RI Feingold, Graham/B-6152-2009; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
NR 51
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 5
PY 2008
VL 113
IS D15
AR D15201
DI 10.1029/2007JD009354
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 336BH
UT WOS:000258338800002
ER
PT J
AU Beadie, G
Sandrock, ML
Wiggins, MJ
Lepkowicz, RS
Shirk, JS
Ponting, M
Yang, Y
Kazmierczak, T
Hiltner, A
Baer, E
AF Beadie, G.
Sandrock, M. L.
Wiggins, M. J.
Lepkowicz, R. S.
Shirk, J. S.
Ponting, M.
Yang, Y.
Kazmierczak, T.
Hiltner, A.
Baer, E.
TI Tunable polymer lens
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID FOCUS LIQUID LENS; FOCAL LENGTH TUNABILITY; MICROLENSES; VOLTAGE
AB A new type of solid-state variable focal length lens is described. It is based on shape changes in an elastomeric membrane driven by compression of a reservoir of a polymer gel. A novel fabrication process based on individual lens components allows for customization of lens power based on the desired application. The lens shape as a function of applied compressive strain is measured using direct surface profile measurements. The focal length of a solid state lens was reversibly changed by a factor of 1.9. Calculated back focal lengths of the lens were consistent with experimental measurements. (c) 2008 Optical Society of America.
C1 [Beadie, G.; Sandrock, M. L.; Wiggins, M. J.; Lepkowicz, R. S.; Shirk, J. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Ponting, M.; Yang, Y.; Kazmierczak, T.; Hiltner, A.; Baer, E.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Ctr Appl Polymer Res, Dept Macromol Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
RP Beadie, G (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM guy.beadie@nrl.navy.mil
NR 20
TC 57
Z9 58
U1 3
U2 11
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD AUG 4
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 16
BP 11847
EP 11857
DI 10.1364/OE.16.011847
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 336MS
UT WOS:000258368600021
PM 18679457
ER
PT J
AU Eager, RE
Raman, S
Wootten, A
Westphal, DL
Reid, JS
Al Mandoos, A
AF Eager, Rebecca E.
Raman, Sethu
Wootten, Adrienne
Westphal, Douglas L.
Reid, Jeffrey S.
Al Mandoos, Abdulla
TI A climatological study of the sea and land breezes in the Arabian Gulf
region
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID BOUNDARY-LAYER; CIRCULATION; DISPERSION; FLOW
AB This study focuses on observations of the sea and land breeze circulations in the southern Arabian Gulf. During the summer months, the Indian monsoon creates light northwesterly winds over the Arabian Gulf, allowing for the formation of thermally driven circulations. Observations from a network of stations are used to develop a wind climatology for the Arabian Gulf region. Characteristics of the sea and land breeze circulations, such as onset time, duration, and horizontal and vertical extent are described. The dense network of surface stations in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) allows for a fine-scale observational study in this region. It is found that the sea breeze occurs during all seasons of the year in this region. It occurs in the late afternoon and continues through the evening. A land breeze sets in during the night. Surface offshore winds in the land breeze are strong probably due to drainage flow down the inland hills.
C1 [Al Mandoos, Abdulla] Minist Presidential Affairs, Dept Atmospher Studies, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates.
[Eager, Rebecca E.; Raman, Sethu; Wootten, Adrienne] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Westphal, Douglas L.; Reid, Jeffrey S.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Eager, RE (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
EM rebecca.eager@jhuapl.edu
NR 14
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 2
PY 2008
VL 113
IS D15
AR D15106
DI 10.1029/2007JD009710
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 333KN
UT WOS:000258151500007
ER
PT J
AU Lewis, AC
van Heerden, D
Eberl, C
Hemker, KJ
Weihs, TP
AF Lewis, A. C.
van Heerden, D.
Eberl, C.
Hemker, K. J.
Weihs, T. P.
TI Creep deformation mechanisms in fine-grained niobium
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE creep; multilayers; vacancies; vacancy generation-controlled deformation
ID CONTROLLED DIFFUSIONAL CREEP; NANOLAYERED COMPOSITES; NANOCRYSTALLINE
CU; TEMPERATURE CREEP; POINT-DEFECTS; SIZE; MULTILAYERS; BOUNDARIES;
INTERFACE; METALS
AB Creep rates in fine-grained Nb were measured at 600 degrees C using free-standing Cu/Nb polycrystalline multilayered foils. For specimens with layer thicknesses ranging from 0.5 to 5 mu m and Nb grain sizes ranging from 0.43 +/- 0.05 to 1.87 +/- 0.13 mu m, two distinct regimes were observed. At high stresses, the stress dependence, grain size dependence and activation energy for creep are consistent with power-law creep, with an average stress exponent of 3.5. At low stresses, creep rates exhibited a linear dependence on stress and an inverse linear dependence on grain size. A model is presented for a vacancy generation-controlled creep mechanism, whereby deformation rates are controlled by the rate of vacancy generation at or near grain boundaries, not by their diffusion. The proposed model is consistent with experimental observations of stress and grain size dependence, as well as the measured activation energy for creep. (C) 2008 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lewis, A. C.; van Heerden, D.; Hemker, K. J.; Weihs, T. P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Eberl, C.; Hemker, K. J.; Weihs, T. P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RP Lewis, AC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6352, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM alexis.lewis@nrl.navy.mil
RI Eberl, Christoph/F-3175-2010; Hemker, Kevin/A-3315-2010; Weihs,
Timothy/A-3313-2010
OI Eberl, Christoph/0000-0003-4271-1380;
NR 39
TC 5
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 23
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 56
IS 13
BP 3044
EP 3052
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2008.02.033
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 330RS
UT WOS:000257961100012
ER
PT J
AU Kockar, B
Karaman, I
Kim, JI
Chumlyakov, YJ
Sharp, J
Yu, CJ
AF Kockar, B.
Karaman, I.
Kim, J. I.
Chumlyakov, Y. J.
Sharp, J.
Yu, C. -J. (Mike)
TI Thermomechanical cyclic response of an ultrafine-grained NiTi shape
memory alloy
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE shape memory alloys; ultrafine-grained materials; equal channel angular
extrusion; martensitic transformation; cyclic response
ID INDUCED MARTENSITIC-TRANSFORMATION; TENSION-COMPRESSION ASYMMETRY;
CHANNEL ANGULAR EXTRUSION; POLYCRYSTALLINE NITI; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; TI-NI;
PSEUDOELASTIC BEHAVIOR; THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS; DEFORMATION-BEHAVIOR;
PHASE-TRANSFORMATION
AB We focus on the effects of ultrafine grains on the thermomechanical cyclic stability of martensitic phase transformation in Ni49.7Ti50.3 shape memory alloy fabricated using equal-channel angular extrusion (ECAE). The samples were ECAE-processed between 400 and 450 degrees C resulting in average grain sizes of 100-300 nm. Tensile failure experiments demonstrated that the strength differential between the onset of transformation and the macroscopic plastic yielding increases after ECAE. Such increase led to a notable improvement in the thermal cyclic stability under relatively high stresses. The experimental observations are attributed to the increase in critical stress level for dislocation slip due to grain refinement, change in transformation twinning mode in submicron grains, the presence of R-phase, and multi-martensite variants or a small fraction of untransforming grains due to grain boundary constraints. The effects of these microstructural factors on the transformation behavior are discussed in the light of transformation thermodynamics. (c) 2008 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kockar, B.; Karaman, I.; Kim, J. I.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Chumlyakov, Y. J.] Siberian Phys Tech Inst, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
[Sharp, J.] Marlow Ind Inc, Dallas, TX 75238 USA.
[Yu, C. -J. (Mike)] Naval Air Syst Command, Pax River, MD 20670 USA.
RP Karaman, I (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, MS 3123, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM ikaraman@tamu.edu
RI Karaman, Ibrahim/E-7450-2010; yuriy, chumlyakov/C-6033-2009; Kockar,
Benat/H-5630-2013; Chumlyakov, Yuriy/R-6496-2016
OI Karaman, Ibrahim/0000-0001-6461-4958; Kockar, Benat/0000-0001-8261-509X;
FU US Office of Naval Research [N00014-03-M-0332]; National Aeronautics and
Space Administration [NNX07AB56A]
FX This work was supported by the US Office of Naval Research Contract No.
N00014-03-M-0332 and partially by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration Grant No. NNX07AB56A.
NR 59
TC 71
Z9 74
U1 6
U2 42
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 56
IS 14
BP 3630
EP 3646
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2008.04.001
PG 17
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 345SJ
UT WOS:000259016600033
ER
PT J
AU Frazier, WE
AF Frazier, William E.
TI Navy workshop aims to cut costs
SO ADVANCED MATERIALS & PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Materials Science and Technology Conference and Exhibition (MS&T 08)
CY OCT 05-09, 2008
CL Pittsburgh, PA
C1 Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA.
RP Frazier, WE (reprint author), Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA.
EM William.frazier@navy.mil
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU ASM INT
PI MATERIALS PARK
PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002
USA
SN 0882-7958
J9 ADV MATER PROCESS
JI Adv. Mater. Process.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 166
IS 8
BP 43
EP 46
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 337EV
UT WOS:000258419200048
ER
PT J
AU Kronmann, KC
Shields, WW
Sheer, TA
Crum-Cianflone, NF
AF Kronmann, Karl C.
Shields, William W.
Sheer, Todd A.
Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.
TI Echinococcus in a US marine after deployment to Afghanistan
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Kronmann, Karl C.; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] USN, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[Shields, William W.; Sheer, Todd A.] USN, Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Kronmann, KC (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
FU NIAID NIH HHS [HU0001-05-2-0011]; PHS HHS [HU0001-05-2-0011]
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 0002-9270
J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL
JI Am. J. Gastroenterol.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 103
IS 8
BP 2151
EP 2153
PG 3
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA 335GG
UT WOS:000258278200048
PM 18796121
ER
PT J
AU Barton, C
Sklenicka, J
Sayegh, P
Yaffe, K
AF Barton, Cynthia
Sklenicka, Julie
Sayegh, Philip
Yaffe, Kristine
TI Contraindicated medication use among patients in a memory disorders
clinic
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PHARMACOTHERAPY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Neurology
CY APR 01-08, 2006
CL San Diego, CA
SP Amer Acad Neurol
DE dementia; medications; Alzheimer's disease
ID COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; OLDER-ADULTS; CHOLINESTERASE-INHIBITORS;
ANTICHOLINERGIC DRUGS; OVERACTIVE BLADDER; CONSENSUS PANEL;
ELDERLY-PEOPLE; INAPPROPRIATE; DEMENTIA; CRITERIA
AB Background: Inappropriate or contraindicated use of medications in elderly patients is common and associated with poor outcomes. An important risk factor for adverse drug events is the increased sensitivity to drug effects on the central nervous system (CNS). There is a high rate of use of CNS-active drugs in patients with cognitive impairment, despite the fact that these medications may worsen cognition and be a possible "reversible" cause of memory loss.
Objectives: The goals of this study were to establish the prevalence of these contraindicated medications in a Population of elderly patients referred to a memory disorders clinic for evaluation and to determine if those individuals receiving contraindicated medications had specific characteristics. This included determining how many patients were concurrently being prescribed a cholinesterase inhibitor.
Methods: The review included new patients consecutively evaluated for cognitive complaints in a memory disorders clinic between June 2003 and August 2004. Each patient underwent a comprehensive evaluation by a multi-disciplinary team during a 3-hour clinic appointment. A thorough history of cognitive deficits and associated symptoms was obtained by the physician, who also performed a comprehensive neurologic examination. All patients underwent neuropsychologic testing with an extensive cognitive battery. In addition, patients' electronic medical records were reviewed to determine a list of prescribed and over-the-counter medications at the time of the initial referral. Contraindicated medications were identified using the updated Beers criteria of medications that should be avoided in older patients with cognitive impairment or that have high CNS adverse effects.
Results: A total of 100 patients (91 men, 9 women; mean [SD] age, 7-5.8 [9.7] years; 73% white) were included in the study. Eighty-six patients were determined at the time of evaluation to have some kind of cognitive impairment. They were mildly impaired, with a mean (SD) Mini-Mental State Examination score of 22.9 (5.1), based oil a scale of 0 to 30. Twenty-two patients were taking >= 1 contraindicated medication that could potentially affect their cognition; the most frequently prescribed were benzodiazepines, oxybutynin, amitriptyline, fluoxetine, and diphenhydramine. Twenty-eight of the 100 patients were being treated with a cholinesterase inhibitor at the time of their evaluation; of these, 4 (14%) were also taking >= 1 medication with anticholinergic properties.
Conclusions: Despite research evidence and recommendations to avoid these CNS-active medications because of their adverse effects, they continue to be prescribed in elderly patients with cognitive impairments. Further research is needed to determine strategies that will help reduce their administration in this population.
C1 [Barton, Cynthia; Yaffe, Kristine] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA.
[Sklenicka, Julie] USN, Ctr Med, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[Sayegh, Philip] Univ So Calif, Dept Psychol, Clin Sci Program, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Yaffe, Kristine] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA.
[Yaffe, Kristine] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA.
[Yaffe, Kristine] San Francisco VA Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA.
RP Barton, C (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, Box 127,4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA.
EM cbarton@memory.ucsf.edu
NR 27
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 2
U2 4
PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC-ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI BRIDGEWATER
PA 685 ROUTE 202-206 STE 3, BRIDGEWATER, NJ 08807 USA
SN 1543-5946
J9 AM J GERIATR PHARMAC
JI Am. J. Geriatr. Pharmacother.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 6
IS 3
BP 147
EP 152
DI 10.1016/j.amjopharm.2008.08.002
PG 6
WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 344US
UT WOS:000258953400002
PM 18775389
ER
PT J
AU Ruland, RT
Hogan, CJ
Randall, CJ
Richards, A
Belkoff, SM
AF Ruland, Robert T.
Hogan, Christopher J.
Randall, Craig J.
Richards, Andrew
Belkoff, Stephen M.
TI Biomechanical comparison of ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction
techniques
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction; elbow instability;
interference knot; biomechanics
ID ELBOW; HARVEST
AB Background: Incompetence of the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) of the elbow is career-threatening for high-performance throwing athletes. Although multiple reconstructions have been described, a procedure that combines a larger graft with improved fixation may demonstrate more favorable loading characteristics than current techniques.
Hypothesis: Ulnar collateral ligament reconstructions utilizing a semitendinosus graft and interference knot fixation will be biomechanically superior to previously reported techniques.
Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.
Methods: Thirty cadaveric elbows were stripped of all medial soft tissue superficial to the UCL. The proximal humeri were mounted on a materials testing system with the elbows flexed 90. The intact UCL was loaded to failure at 4.5 deg/s. The torsional failure moment, torsional stiffness, and mode of failure were recorded. Three groups of 10 specimens were created. Group 1 underwent reconstruction using a palmaris tendon graft secured with interference knot fixation. Group 2 reconstructions utilized a palmaris graft and the docking technique. Group 3 specimens were reconstructed using a semitendinosus graft and interference knot fixation. All specimens were loaded to failure and the same parameters recorded.
Results: The torsional failure moments for group 1 (13.28 N.m) and group 2 (12.81 N.m) reconstructions were significantly (P < .05) inferior to that of their respective native values (21.3 N.m and 23.5 N.m). Semitendinosus reconstructions (20.5 N.m) were not significantly different (P = .24) from their native UCLs (23.0 N.m). All reconstructions were torsionally less stiff (P < .001) than the native UCL. There were no statistically significant differences in stiffness between the groups (P = .4).
Conclusion: Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction utilizing semitendinosus graft and interference knot fixation restores the torsional strength of the intact UCL.
Clinical Relevance: Reconstructions using semitendinosus grafts may allow for accelerated rehabilitation and earlier return to competition.
C1 [Ruland, Robert T.; Hogan, Christopher J.; Randall, Craig J.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bone & Joint Sports Med Inst, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
[Richards, Andrew; Belkoff, Stephen M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Baltimore, MD USA.
RP Hogan, CJ (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bone & Joint Sports Med Inst, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
EM christopher.hogan@med.navy.mil
NR 16
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 3
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0363-5465
J9 AM J SPORT MED
JI Am. J. Sports Med.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 36
IS 8
BP 1565
EP 1570
DI 10.1177/0363546508319360
PG 6
WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences
SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences
GA 331AU
UT WOS:000257985900015
PM 18596198
ER
PT J
AU Ressner, RA
Griffith, ME
Beckius, ML
Pimentel, G
Miller, RS
Mende, K
Fraser, SL
Galloway, RL
Hospenthal, DR
Murray, CK
AF Ressner, Roseanne A.
Griffith, Matthew E.
Beckius, Miriam L.
Pimentel, Guillermo
Miller, R. Scott
Mende, Katrin
Fraser, Susan L.
Galloway, Renee L.
Hospenthal, Duane R.
Murray, Clinton K.
TI Antimicrobial susceptibilities of geographically diverse clinical human
isolates of Leptospira
SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
LA English
DT Article
ID IN-VITRO SUSCEPTIBILITIES; HAMSTER MODEL; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; INTERROGANS;
PENICILLIN; THERAPY; AGENTS; AZITHROMYCIN; AMOXICILLIN; DOXYCYCLINE
AB Although antimicrobial therapy of leptospirosis has been studied in a few randomized controlled clinical studies, those studies were limited to specific regions of the world and few have characterized infecting strains. A broth microdilution technique for the assessment of antibiotic susceptibility has been developed at Brooke Army Medical Center. In the present study, we assessed the susceptibilities of 13 Leptospira isolates (including recent clinical isolates) from Egypt, Thailand, Nicaragua, and Hawaii to 13 antimicrobial agents. Ampicillin, cefepime, azithromycin, and clarithromycin were found to have MICs below the lower limit of detection (0.016 mu g/ml). Cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, imipenem-cilastatin, penicillin G, moxifloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin had MIC(90)s between 0.030 and 0.125 mu g/ml. Doxycycline and tetracycline had the highest MIC(90)s: 2 and 4 mu g/ml, respectively. Doxycycline and tetracycline were noted to have slightly higher MICs against isolates from Egypt than against strains from Thailand or Hawaii; otherwise, the susceptibility patterns were similar. There appears to be possible variability in susceptibility to some antimicrobial agents among strains, suggesting that more extensive testing to look for geographic variability should be pursued.
C1 [Murray, Clinton K.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv MCHE MDI, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
[Pimentel, Guillermo] USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt.
[Miller, R. Scott] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
[Mende, Katrin] Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA.
[Galloway, Renee L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Murray, CK (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv MCHE MDI, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
EM Clinton.Murray@amedd.army.mil
RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013;
OI Pimentel, Guillermo/0000-0003-2464-1526
NR 25
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0066-4804
J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH
JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 52
IS 8
BP 2750
EP 2754
DI 10.1128/AAC.00044-08
PG 5
WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 336LR
UT WOS:000258365800007
PM 18411316
ER
PT J
AU Neta, B
AF Neta, B.
TI New third order nonlinear solvers for multiple roots
SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION
LA English
DT Article
DE nonlinear equations; high order; multiple roots; fixed point; Chebyshev;
Osada
ID ITERATIVE METHODS; CHEBYSHEV METHOD; EQUATIONS; FAMILY
AB Two third order methods for finding multiple zeros of nonlinear functions are developed. One method is based on Chebyshev's third order scheme (for simple roots) and the other is a family based on a variant of Chebyshev's which does not require the second derivative. Two other more efficient methods of lower order are also given. These last two methods are variants of Chebyshev's and Osada's schemes. The informational efficiency of the methods is discussed. All these methods require the knowledge of the multiplicity. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Neta, B (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM bneta@nps.edu
RI Neta, Beny/B-1737-2009
NR 24
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0096-3003
J9 APPL MATH COMPUT
JI Appl. Math. Comput.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 202
IS 1
BP 162
EP 170
DI 10.1016/j.amc.2008.01.031
PG 9
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 332SP
UT WOS:000258103700015
ER
PT J
AU Comanescu, G
Manka, CK
Grun, J
Nikitin, S
Zabetakis, D
AF Comanescu, Geld
Manka, Charles K.
Grun, Jacob
Nikitin, Sergei
Zabetakis, Daniel
TI Identification of explosives with two-dimensional ultraviolet resonance
Raman spectroscopy
SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Raman spectroscopy; two-dimensional spectra; explosives; identification
ID CROSS-SECTIONS; EXCITATION; SPECTROMETER; SPECTRA; LASER; TNT;
FLUORESCENCE; WAVELENGTH; DEPENDENCE; CHEMISTRY
AB The first two-dimensional (2D) resonance Raman spectra of TNT, RDX, HMX, and PETN are measured with an instrument that sequentially and rapidly switches between laser wavelengths, illuminating these explosives with forty wavelengths between 210 ran and 280 nm. Two-dimensional spectra reflect variations in resonance Raman scatter with illumination wavelength, adding information not available from single or few one-dimensional spectra, thereby increasing the number of variables available for use in identification, which is especially useful in environments with contaminants and interferents. We have recently shown that 2D resonance Raman spectra can identify bacteria. Thus, a single device that identifies the presence of explosives, bacteria, and other chemicals in complex backgrounds may be feasible.
C1 [Grun, Jacob] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Comanescu, Geld; Manka, Charles K.; Nikitin, Sergei] Res Support Instruments, Lanham, MD 20706 USA.
[Zabetakis, Daniel] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Grun, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jacob.grun@nrl.navy.mil
RI Nikitin, Sergei/A-7156-2012
NR 44
TC 28
Z9 29
U1 3
U2 13
PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
PI FREDERICK
PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA
SN 0003-7028
J9 APPL SPECTROSC
JI Appl. Spectrosc.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 62
IS 8
BP 833
EP 839
PG 7
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy
GA 337EP
UT WOS:000258418600001
PM 18702854
ER
PT J
AU Provencher, MT
Dewing, CB
Bell, SJ
McCormick, F
Solomon, DJ
Rooney, TB
Stanley, M
AF Provencher, Matthew T.
Dewing, Christopher B.
Bell, S. Josh
McCormick, Frank
Solomon, Daniel J.
Rooney, Timothy B.
Stanley, Mark
TI An analysis of the rotator interval in patients with anterior,
posterior, and multidirectional shoulder instability
SO ARTHROSCOPY-THE JOURNAL OF ARTHROSCOPIC AND RELATED SURGERY
LA English
DT Article
DE magnetic resonance arthrogram; placation; posterior shoulder
instability; rotator interval; shoulder instability
ID CUFF INTERVAL; GLENOHUMERAL STABILITY; CORACOHUMERAL LIGAMENT; MR
ARTHROGRAPHY; BANKART REPAIR; CLOSURE; MOTION; CAPSULE; LESIONS; JOINT
AB Purpose: To describe anatomic measurements of the rotator interval (RI) on magnetic resonance arthrogram (MRA) images and to assess the relationship between increased dimensions of the RI and instability conditions of the shoulder. Methods: Three groups of patients with clinical instability were treated arthroscopically (anterior [A = 19 patients], posterior [P = 14 patients], and multidirectional [M = 13 patients]), and a group of 10 control patients without clinical instability were also identified. The MRAs of all groups were randomized, and 5 blinded reviewers recorded RI anatomic measurements of: (1) sagittal measures of the distance between the subscapularis (SSc) and supraspinatus (SS) tendons at 3 anatomic landmarks across the RI, and (2) the sagittal position of the long head of the biceps (LHB) relative to the most anterior aspect of the SS. Results: The rotator interval distance between the SS and SSc tendons was nearly identical for all groups of instability, and was also not different from control groups. On the sagittal oblique sequences, the distance from the LHB tendon to the anterior edge of the SS tendon was significantly increased in posterior (7.4 mm) instability versus both the control group (2.4 mm; P = .025) and those with anterior instability (4.5 mm; P = .041), with the LHB in a consistent anterior position. The remainder of the measures was not statistically different between the groups. Conclusions: The distance between the SS and SSc and the overall size of the RI was well preserved in all instability patterns and control conditions. The LHB tendon assumes a more anterior position relative to the supraspinatus tendon in patients with posterior instability versus those patients with anterior instability or those without clinical instability. Additional work is necessary to further define objective radiographic evidence of RI insufficiency in patients with shoulder instability. Level of Evidence: Level III, prognostic case-control study.
C1 [Provencher, Matthew T.; Dewing, Christopher B.; Bell, S. Josh; McCormick, Frank; Solomon, Daniel J.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Rooney, Timothy B.; Stanley, Mark] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Div Sports Surg, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Rooney, Timothy B.; Stanley, Mark] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
RP Provencher, MT (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 112, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM matthew.provencher@med.navy.mil
NR 39
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 2
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 0749-8063
J9 ARTHROSCOPY
JI Arthroscopy
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 8
BP 921
EP 929
DI 10.1016/j.arthro.2008.03.005
PG 9
WC Orthopedics; Surgery
SC Orthopedics; Surgery
GA 335YY
UT WOS:000258332700011
PM 18657741
ER
PT J
AU Elsberry, RL
Harr, PA
AF Elsberry, Russell L.
Harr, Patrick A.
TI Tropical Cyclone Structure (TCS08) Field Experiment Science Basis,
Observational Platforms, and Strategy
SO ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Tropical cyclones; Tropical Cyclone Structure (TCS08); tropical cyclone
formation; tropical cyclone structure; THORPEX Pacific Asian Regional
Campaign
ID HURRICANE BOUNDARY-LAYER; TRACK FORECASTS; PART I; POTENTIAL INTENSITY;
DROPWINDSONDE DATA; ISABEL 2003; IMPACT; CYCLOGENESIS; EVOLUTION; WAVES
AB The Tropical Cyclone Structure (TCS08) in cooperation with the THORPEX Pacific Asian Regional Campaign (T-PARC) during August and September 2008 is the most significant tropical cyclone-related field experiment in the western North Pacific since 1990. This article will summarize the science basis, observational platforms, and strategy for the TCS08. The tropical cyclone formation component of TCS08 will address the multi-scale aspects, but the primary focus will be on a ventilation hypothesis and a marsupial paradigm on the synoptic scale, and a top-down and a bottom-up hypothesis on the mesoscale. A number of numerical modeling, adjoint sensitivity and targeting, and observational studies are supporting the TCS08 formation component. The primary foci of the structure change component of TCS08 are changes associated with secondary eyewall formation, air-sea interaction impacts via boundary layer rolls and the ocean response and feedback, and understanding of superintensity. A major objective of the TCS08 structure change component is to make in situ observations of the intensity and structure and their changes for validating satellite-based techniques. Numerical modeling and data assimilation studies will also support the structure change component. The long-range lightning network in the western North Pacific is being augmented with at least five new stations and these observations will be correlated with intensity changes in conjunction with modeling studies. An open data policy applies to both TCS08 and T-PARC, and researchers are encouraged to collaborate in the field experiments and in the analyses, numerical modeling, and interpretations of the TCS08 data sets.
C1 [Elsberry, Russell L.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Code MR Es,Grad Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Elsberry, RL (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Code MR Es,Grad Sch Engn & Appl Sci, 589 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM elsberry@nps.edu
FU Office of Naval Research; Dr. Simon Chang of the Naval Research
Laboratory-Monterey; U. S. Air Force Reserve [WC-130J]
FX Dr. Ron Ferek and Dr. Dan Eleuterio of the Office of Naval Research and
Dr. Simon Chang of the Naval Research Laboratory-Monterey are
acknowledged for their support and leadership of the overall TCS08
program, and LCol Kurt Brueske has been a key person in the augmenting
the support for the U. S. Air Force Reserve WC-130J. Peter Black, Dan
Eleuterio, and Mike Montgomery provided extensive comments that improved
the manuscript. Mrs. Penny Jones and Michael Vinluan assisted in the
preparation of this manuscript.
NR 50
TC 69
Z9 72
U1 0
U2 4
PU KOREAN METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI SEOUL
PA 460-18 SHINDAEBANG-DONG, TONGJAK-GU, SEOUL, 156-720, SOUTH KOREA
SN 1976-7633
J9 ASIA-PAC J ATMOS SCI
JI Asia-Pac. J. Atmos. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 44
IS 3
BP 209
EP 231
PG 23
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 469PJ
UT WOS:000267911800001
ER
PT J
AU Turner, NH
Ten Brummelaar, TA
Roberts, LC
Mason, BD
Hartkopf, WI
Gies, DR
AF Turner, Nils H.
Ten Brummelaar, Theo A.
Roberts, Lewis C.
Mason, Brian D.
Hartkopf, William I.
Gies, Douglas R.
TI Adaptive optics photometry and astrometry of binary stars. III. A faint
companion search of O-star systems
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE binaries : close; binaries : general; instrumentation : adaptive optics;
stars : early-type; techniques : high angular resolution
ID RUNAWAY STARS; SPECKLE INTERFEROMETRY; RADIAL-VELOCITIES; SIGMA-ORIONIS;
FIELD STARS; CD-ROM; ORIGIN; ASSOCIATION; HIPPARCOS; CATALOG
AB We present the results of an adaptive optics survey for faint companions among Galactic O-type star systems (with V less than or similar to 8) using the Advanced Electro-Optical System (AEOS) 3.6 m telescope on Haleakala. We surveyed these O-star systems in the I -band, typically being able to detect a companion with a magnitude difference of Delta(mI) less than or similar to 6 in the projected separation range 0 ''.5 < rho < 1 ''.0, and Delta(mI) less than or similar to 9.5 in the range 1.'' 0 < rho < 5 ''.0. In the course of the survey, we discovered 40 new companions among 31 of the 116 objects examined and made astrometric and differential magnitude measurements of 24 additional known pairs, several of them being confirmation detections. We present new astrometric orbits for two binaries, BU 1032AB (WDS 05387-0236; sigma Ori AB) and SEE 322 (WDS 17158-3344; HD 155889AB). We lack magnitude differences for other filter bands, so it is difficult to determine physical from line-of-sight companions, but we present empirical arguments for the limiting magnitude difference where field contamination is significant.
C1 [Turner, Nils H.; Ten Brummelaar, Theo A.] Georgia State Univ, Ctr High Angular Resolut Astron, CHARA Array, Mt Wilson, CA 91023 USA.
[Roberts, Lewis C.] Boeing Co, Kihei, HI 96753 USA.
[Mason, Brian D.; Hartkopf, William I.] USN Observ, Dept Astrometry, Washington, DC 20392 USA.
[Gies, Douglas R.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr High Angular Resoulut Astron, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA.
RP Turner, NH (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Ctr High Angular Resolut Astron, CHARA Array, Mt Wilson, CA 91023 USA.
EM nils@chara-array.org; theo@chara-array.org;
lewis.c.roberts@jpl.nasa.gov; bdm@usno.navy.mil; wih@usno.navy.mil;
gies@chara.gsu.edu
OI Roberts, Lewis/0000-0003-3892-2900
NR 61
TC 41
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 136
IS 2
BP 554
EP 565
DI 10.1088/0004-6256/136/2/554
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 326SU
UT WOS:000257680000003
ER
PT J
AU Klimchuk, JA
Patsourakos, S
Cargill, PJ
AF Klimchuk, J. A.
Patsourakos, S.
Cargill, P. J.
TI Highly efficient modeling of dynamic coronal loops
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE hydrodynamics; methods : numerical; stars : coronae; Sun : corona; Sun :
transition region
ID SOFT-X-RAY; SUN TRANSITION REGION; CONTINUUM ABSORPTION; HEATING MODELS;
ACTIVE-REGION; SOLAR; TRACE; TEMPERATURE; TELESCOPE; PLASMA
AB Observational and theoretical evidence suggests that coronal heating is impulsive and occurs on very small cross-field spatial scales. A single coronal loop could contain a hundred or more individual strands that are heated quasi-independently by nanoflares. It is therefore an enormous undertaking to model an entire active region or the global corona. Three-dimensional MHD codes have inadequate spatial resolution, and one-dimensional (1D) hydrodynamic codes are too slow to simulate the many thousands of elemental strands that must be treated in a reasonable representation. Fortunately, thermal conduction and flows tend to smooth out plasma gradients along the magnetic field, so zero-dimensional (0D) models are an acceptable alternative. We have developed a highly efficient model called "enthalpy-based thermal evolution of loops'' (EBTEL), which accurately describes the evolution of the average temperature, pressure, and density along a coronal strand. It improves significantly on earlier models of this type-in accuracy, flexibility, and capability. It treats both slowly varying and highly impulsive coronal heating; it provides the time-dependent differential emission measure distribution, DEM(T), at the transition region footpoints; and there are options for heat flux saturation and nonthermal electron beam heating. EBTEL gives excellent agreement with far more sophisticated 1D hydrodynamic simulations despite using 4 orders of magnitude less computing time. It promises to be a powerful new tool for solar and stellar studies.
C1 [Klimchuk, J. A.; Patsourakos, S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Cargill, P. J.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England.
[Patsourakos, S.] George Mason Univ, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Sch Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RP Klimchuk, JA (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 671, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM James.A.Klimchuk@nasa.gov
RI Klimchuk, James/D-1041-2012
OI Klimchuk, James/0000-0003-2255-0305
NR 47
TC 121
Z9 123
U1 0
U2 6
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 1
PY 2008
VL 682
IS 2
BP 1351
EP 1362
DI 10.1086/589426
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 331PZ
UT WOS:000258026100058
ER
PT J
AU Stamper, DM
Montgomery, MT
AF Stamper, David M.
Montgomery, Michael T.
TI Biological treatment and toxicity of low concentrations of oily
wastewater (bilgewater)
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE bilgewater; oily wastewater; diesel
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE;
PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; ALKANE OXIDATION; BIODEGRADATION; DEGRADATION;
BACTERIA; BIOREMEDIATION; SEDIMENTS; LEACHATE
AB The biodegradability and toxicity of low concentrations of oily wastewater (bilgewater) were tested under simulated sanitary wastewater treatment conditions. This was done to establish the feasibility of a combined shipboard oily and nonoily wastewater treatment system. The biodegradability of oily wastewater was determined by proxy: C-14-labeled dodecane. toluene. and phenanthrene (representing alkane, aromatic, and polyaromatic compounds, respectively) were mineralized in petroleum fuels and lubricants. We found that low concentrations of oily wastewater components were mineralized. even in the presence of more abundant substrates (such as synthetic graywater, containing vegetable oil, detergent, gelatin. and starch). The toxic effects of diesel fuel and several other components of oily wastewater (such as surfactants and a synthetic lubricant) on a naive wastewater assemblage was also tested. In concentrations much higher than would be expected under normal shipboard conditions. we found no evidence of toxic effects of the bilgewater compounds tested. Thus. a combined shipboard bilgewater and sanitary wastewater system might be feasible.
C1 [Stamper, David M.] Biol Sci Grp, NAVSEA Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
[Montgomery, Michael T.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Biochem Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Stamper, DM (reprint author), Biol Sci Grp, NAVSEA Carderock Div, Code 617,9500 MacArthur Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
EM david.stamper@navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research
FX This work was supported by the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock
Division, In-House Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) Program, which
is sponsored by the Office of Naval Research. The authors thank Brittany
Preston for technical assistance and Eric Holm for a critical review of
this manuscript.
NR 37
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 13
PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0008-4166
J9 CAN J MICROBIOL
JI Can. J. Microbiol.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 54
IS 8
BP 687
EP 693
DI 10.1139/W08-053
PG 7
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Immunology; Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Immunology; Microbiology
GA 350QZ
UT WOS:000259369500011
PM 18772931
ER
PT J
AU Ramalingam, S
Perry, MC
La Rocca, RV
Rinaldi, D
Gable, PS
Tester, WJ
Belani, CP
AF Ramalingam, Suresh
Perry, Michael C.
La Rocca, Renato V.
Rinaldi, David
Gable, Preston S.
Tester, William J.
Belani, Chandra P.
TI Comparison of outcomes for elderly patients treated with weekly
paclitaxel in combination with carboplatin versus the standard 3-weekly
paclitaxel and carboplatin for advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer
SO CANCER
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Meeting of the
International-Association-for-the-Study-of-Lung-Cancer
CY JUL 03-06, 2005
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Int Assoc Study Lung Canc
DE elderly; nonsmall cell lung cancer; paclitaxel; weekly schedule;
carboplatin
ID RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; PHASE-III; CHEMOTHERAPY; VINORELBINE; MULTICENTER; AGE
AB BACKGROUND. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes between elderly (aged >= 70 years) patients treated with paclitaxel on a weekly basis and with carboplatin (every 4 weeks) versus the standard 3-weekly regimen of carboplatin and paclitaxel for first-line therapy of advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer.
METHODS. Of the 444 patients enrolled, 136 (31%) were aged >= 70 years. Seventy-two patients were randomized to the weekly schedule (paclitaxel, 100 mg/m(2) weekly for 3 of 4 weeks; carboplatin, area under the curve [AUC] = 6 mg/mL.min on Day I every 4 weeks), and 64 patients were randomized to the standard schedule (paclitaxel, 225 mg/m(2); carboplatin, AUC = 6 mg/mL.min on Day I every 21 davs). Patients with stable disease or objective response after 4 cycles of 2 therapy were eligible for maintenance therapy with weekly paclitaxel (70 mg/m(2) 3 of 4 weeks).
RESULTS. The response rate for elderly patients was 26% on the weekly regimen and 19% on the standard schedule. The median survival duration for the weekly and the standard schedules was 37 weeks and 31 weeks, respectively. The 1-year survival rates were similar at '31% and 33%. Grade 3 to 4 anemia was more common on the weekly schedule (16% vs 6%), whereas grade 3 neuropathy was less common (5.5% vs 9.5%). Nausea and emesis were also less frequent on the weekly schedule.
CONCLUSIONS. Efficacy was similar between the weekly regimen and the standard regimen of carboplatin and paclitaxel for elderly patients with advanced NSCLC and may be advantageous based on its favorable tolerability profile.
C1 [Belani, Chandra P.] Penn State Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Penn State Canc Inst, Hershey, PA 17033 USA.
[Tester, William J.] Albert Einstein Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19141 USA.
[Gable, Preston S.] USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[Rinaldi, David] Louisiana Oncol Associates, Lafayette, LA USA.
[La Rocca, Renato V.] Kentuckiana Canc Ctr, Louisville, KY USA.
[Perry, Michael C.] Univ Missouri, Ellis Fischel Canc Ctr, Columbia, MO USA.
[Ramalingam, Suresh] Emory Winship Canc Inst, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Belani, CP (reprint author), Penn State Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Penn State Canc Inst, 500 Univ Dr,H072, Hershey, PA 17033 USA.
EM cbelani@psu.edu
NR 17
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 1
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0008-543X
J9 CANCER
JI Cancer
PD AUG 1
PY 2008
VL 113
IS 3
BP 542
EP 546
DI 10.1002/cncr23583
PG 5
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA 328VG
UT WOS:000257825700013
PM 18512224
ER
PT J
AU Romano, M
AF Romano, Marcello
TI Exact analytic solutions for the rotation of an axially symmetric rigid
body subjected to a constant torque
SO CELESTIAL MECHANICS & DYNAMICAL ASTRONOMY
LA English
DT Article
DE rigid body dynamics; kinematics; rotation; integrable cases of motion;
revolution ellipsoid of inertia; analytical reduction
ID ATTITUDE MOTION
AB New exact analytic solutions are introduced for the rotational motion of a rigid body having two equal principal moments of inertia and subjected to an external torque which is constant in magnitude. In particular, the solutions are obtained for the following cases: (1) Torque parallel to the symmetry axis and arbitrary initial angular velocity; (2) Torque perpendicular to the symmetry axis and such that the torque is rotating at a constant rate about the symmetry axis, and arbitrary initial angular velocity; (3) Torque and initial angular velocity perpendicular to the symmetry axis, with the torque being fixed with the body. In addition to the solutions for these three forced cases, an original solution is introduced for the case of torque-free motion, which is simpler than the classical solution as regards its derivation and uses the rotation matrix in order to describe the body orientation. This paper builds upon the recently discovered exact solution for the motion of a rigid body with a spherical ellipsoid of inertia. In particular, by following Hestenes' theory, the rotational motion of an axially symmetric rigid body is seen at any instant in time as the combination of the motion of a "virtual" spherical body with respect to the inertial frame and the motion of the axially symmetric body with respect to this "virtual" body. The kinematic solutions are presented in terms of the rotation matrix. The newly found exact analytic solutions are valid for any motion time length and rotation amplitude. The present paper adds further elements to the small set of special cases for which an exact solution of the rotational motion of a rigid body exists.
C1 [Romano, Marcello] USN, Postgrad Sch, Mech & Astronaut Engn Dept, Monterey, CA USA.
[Romano, Marcello] USN, Postgrad Sch, Space Syst Acad Grp, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Romano, M (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Mech & Astronaut Engn Dept, 700 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA USA.
EM mromano@nps.edu
RI Romano, Marcello/C-7972-2013
NR 24
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0923-2958
J9 CELEST MECH DYN ASTR
JI Celest. Mech. Dyn. Astron.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 101
IS 4
BP 375
EP 390
DI 10.1007/s10569-008-9155-4
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Mathematics
GA 335TX
UT WOS:000258314900005
ER
PT J
AU Lapa, JA
Sincock, SA
Ananthakrishnan, M
Porter, CK
Cassels, FJ
Brinkley, C
Hall, ER
van Hamont, J
Gramling, JD
Carpenter, CM
Baqar, S
Tribble, DR
AF Lapa, Joyce A.
Sincock, Stephanie A.
Ananthakrishnan, Madhumita
Porter, Chad K.
Cassels, Frederick J.
Brinkley, Carl
Hall, Eric R.
van Hamont, John
Gramling, Joseph D.
Carpenter, Colleen M.
Baqar, S.
Tribble, David R.
TI Randomized clinical trial assessing the safety and immunogenicity of
oral microencapsulated enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli surface antigen
6 with or without heat-labile enterotoxin with mutation R192G
SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID COLONIZATION FACTOR ANTIGENS; UNITED-STATES-NAVY; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI;
DIARRHEAL DISEASE; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; TRAVELERS DIARRHEA; SECRETING
CELLS; SUBUNIT VACCINE; FACTOR CS6; IMMUNIZATION
AB An oral, microencapsulated anti-colonization factor 6 antigen (meCS6) vaccine, with or without heat-labile enterotoxin with mutation R192G (LT(R192G)) (mucosal adjuvant), against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) was evaluated for regimen and adjuvant effects on safety and immunogenicity. Sixty subjects were enrolled into a three-dose, 2-week interval or four-dose, 2-day interval regimen. Each regimen was randomized into two equal groups of meCS6 alone (1 mg) or meCS6 with adjuvant (2 mu g of LT(R192G)). The vaccine was well tolerated and no serious adverse events were reported. Serologic response to CS6 was low in all regimens (0 to 27%). CS6-immunogloublin A (IgA) antibody-secreting cell (ASC) responses ranged from 36 to 86%, with the highest level in the three-dose adjuvanted regimen; however, the magnitude was low. As expected, serologic and ASC LT responses were limited to adjuvanted regimens, with the exception of fecal IgA, which appeared to be nonspecific to LT administration. Further modifications to the delivery strategy and CS6 and adjuvant dose optimization will be needed before conducting further clinical trials with this epidemiologically important class of ETEC.
C1 [Lapa, Joyce A.; Sincock, Stephanie A.; Porter, Chad K.; Hall, Eric R.; Carpenter, Colleen M.; Baqar, S.; Tribble, David R.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Ananthakrishnan, Madhumita; Cassels, Frederick J.; Brinkley, Carl; van Hamont, John] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Gramling, Joseph D.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
RP Lapa, JA (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM joyce.lapa@med.navy.mil
RI Porter, Chad/A-8026-2011
FU Military Infectious Disease Research Program; NMRC [A0055]
FX The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the official policy of the Department of the Navy,
Department of Defense, or the U. S. Government.; This work was supported
and funded by the Military Infectious Disease Research Program, NMRC
Work Unit Number A0055. The study protocol was approved by the Naval
Medical Research Center Institutional Review Board in compliance with
all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human
subjects.; J.A.L. is a military service member. This work was prepared
as part of her official duties.
NR 48
TC 17
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 1556-6811
J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL
JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 15
IS 8
BP 1222
EP 1228
DI 10.1128/CVI.00491-07
PG 7
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 340TF
UT WOS:000258667200012
PM 18579693
ER
PT J
AU Nasky, KM
Knittel, DR
Manos, GH
AF Nasky, Kevin M.
Knittel, Douglas R.
Manos, Gail H.
TI Psychosis Associated with Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Antibodies
SO CNS SPECTRUMS
LA English
DT Article
ID LIMBIC ENCEPHALITIS; OVARIAN TERATOMA; DIAGNOSIS; MODEL; PET
AB We describe the eighth case study of a female diagnosed with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis without an identified tumor who presented with floridly psychotic symptoms following a 2-week prodromal phase with new-onset headaches and presyncopal episodes. While hospitalized, the patient had seizures, autonomic dysfunction, involuntary movements, and a decline in mental status. A subsequent assay was positive for anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibodies. In contrast to most reported cases, an initial trial with corticosteroids was therapeutically unsuccessful. Subsequent treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins, however, resulted in a prompt, robust clinical response and enabled the patient to be rapidly discharged from the hospital, with minimal neuropsychiatric sequelae.
C1 [Nasky, Kevin M.; Knittel, Douglas R.; Manos, Gail H.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Psychiat, Portsmouth, VA USA.
RP Manos, GH (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Psychiat, 620 John Paul Jones Circle 275, Portsmouth, VA USA.
EM gail.manos@med.navy.mil
NR 17
TC 6
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU M B L COMMUNICATIONS, INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 333 HUDSON ST, 7TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1092-8529
J9 CNS SPECTRUMS
JI CNS Spectr.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 13
IS 8
BP 699
EP 703
PG 5
WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry
GA 360VE
UT WOS:000260085400008
PM 18704025
ER
PT J
AU Sutton, JA
Fleming, JW
AF Sutton, Jeffrey A.
Fleming, James W.
TI Towards accurate kinetic modeling of prompt NO formation in hydrocarbon
flames via the NCN pathway
SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW-PRESSURE; AB-INITIO; CH4/O-2/N-2 FLAMES; RATE-CONSTANT; NATURAL-GAS;
CH+N-2; PREDICTION; OXIDATION; METHANE; HCN
C1 [Sutton, Jeffrey A.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Fleming, James W.] USN, Navy Technol Ctr Safety & Survivabil, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Sutton, JA (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM sutton.235@osu.edu
NR 29
TC 18
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0010-2180
J9 COMBUST FLAME
JI Combust. Flame
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 154
IS 3
BP 630
EP 636
DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2008.05.009
PG 7
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary;
Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 335PI
UT WOS:000258302100023
ER
PT J
AU Denning, PJ
AF Denning, Peter J.
TI The profession of IT - Voices of computing
SO COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Denning, Peter J.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst Informat Innovat & Super, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Denning, PJ (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst Informat Innovat & Super, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM pjd@nps.edu
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA
SN 0001-0782
J9 COMMUN ACM
JI Commun. ACM
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 51
IS 8
BP 19
EP 21
DI 10.1145/1378704.1378711
PG 3
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software
Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA 338UP
UT WOS:000258535200014
ER
PT J
AU Chang, CP
Hain, TC
AF Chang, Chih-Pei
Hain, Timothy C.
TI A theory for treating dizziness due to optical flow (visual vertigo)
SO CYBERPSYCHOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
LA English
DT Article
AB Virtual reality (VR) training that provides optic flow stimuli and visuo-vestibular conflict has been suggested as a way to treat patients with inappropriate visual dependence (sometimes called visual vertigo even though spinning sensation is often absent). We propose a simple framework based on a hypothesis that the degree of dizziness depends on the offsetting between the destabilizing effect of optical flow and the stabilizing effect provided by stationary objects in the visual field. We define a total destabilizing potential (TDP), which is the ratio of the destabilizing effect over the stabilizing effect. The approach is to gradually increase the person's tolerance of a higher TDP through exercises that may be described as an inverse of the traditional gaze stabilization exercises for vestibular rehabilitation. The theory proposes that an important ingredient in VR training is to incorporate a stationary anchor to help synchronizing the visual sensory to vestibular and somatosensory inputs. The scheme can also be adopted economically with computer-generated imagery or used by individuals in certain everyday environments.
C1 [Chang, Chih-Pei] USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Chang, Chih-Pei] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei 10764, Taiwan.
[Hain, Timothy C.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
[Hain, Timothy C.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
[Hain, Timothy C.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Phys Therapy & Human Movement Sci, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
RP Chang, CP (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Code MR Cp, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM cpchang@nps.edu
FU NCRR NIH HHS [S10 RR021168]
NR 6
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 3
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1094-9313
J9 CYBERPSYCHOL BEHAV
JI CyberPsychol. Behav.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 11
IS 4
BP 495
EP 498
DI 10.1089/cpb.2007.0075
PG 4
WC Communication; Psychology, Applied
SC Communication; Psychology
GA 344SE
UT WOS:000258946800017
PM 18657045
ER
PT J
AU Hurlburt, HE
Hogan, PJ
AF Hurlburt, Harley E.
Hogan, Patrick J.
TI The Gulf Stream pathway and the impacts of the eddy-driven abyssal
circulation and the Deep Western Boundary Current
SO DYNAMICS OF ATMOSPHERES AND OCEANS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AGU Ocean Science Meeting
CY FEB, 2006
CL Honolulu, HI
SP ASLO, TOS, AGU
DE ocean circulation; western boundary currents; oceanic fronts; abyssal
circulation; bottom topography effects; Western North Atlantic Ocean;
Gulf Stream region
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OCEAN; LIMITED-AREA MODEL; CURRENT CROSSOVER;
1/64-DEGREES RESOLUTION; LAGRANGIAN OBSERVATIONS; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION;
JAPAN/EAST SEA; CURRENT SYSTEM; PACIFIC-OCEAN; WIND STRESS
AB A hydrodynamic model of the subtropical Atlantic basin and the Intra-Americas Sea (9-47 degrees N) is used to investigate the dynamics of Gulf Stream separation from the western boundary at Cape Hatteras and its mean pathway to the Grand Banks. The model has five isopycnal Lagrangian layers in the vertical and allows realistic boundary geometry, bathymetry, wind forcing, and a meridional overturning circulation (MOC), the latter specified via ports in the northern and southern boundaries. The northward upper ocean branch of the MOC (14 Sv) was always included but the southward Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC) was excluded in some simulations, allowing investigation of the impacts of the DWBC and the eddy-driven mean abyssal circulation on Gulf Stream separation from the western boundary. The result is resolution dependent with the DWBC playing a crucial role in Gulf Stream separation at 1/16 degrees resolution but with the eddy-driven abyssal circulation alone sufficient to obtain accurate separation at 1/32 degrees, resolution and a realistic pathway from Cape Hatteras to the Grand Banks with minimal DWBC impact except southeast of the Grand Banks. The separation from the western boundary is particularly sensitive to the strength of the eddy-driven abyssal circulation. Farther to the east, between 68 degrees W and the Grand Banks, all of the 1/16 degrees, and 1/32 degrees, simulations with realistic topography (with or without a DWBC) gave similar generally realistic mean pathways with clear impacts of the topographically constrained eddy-driven abyssal circulation versus very unrealistic Gulf Stream pathways between Cape Hatteras and the Grand Banks from otherwise identical simulations run with a flat bottom, in reduced-gravity mode, or with 1/8 degrees resolution and realistic topography. The model is realistic enough to allow detailed model-data comparisons and a detailed investigation of Gulf Stream dynamics. The corresponding linear solution with a Sverdrup interior and Munk viscous western boundary layers, including one from the northward branch of the MOC, yielded two unrealistic Gulf Stream pathways, a broad eastward pathway centered at the latitude of Cape Hatteras and a second wind plus MOC-driven pathway hugging the western boundary to the north. Thus, a high resolution model capable of simulating an inertial jet is required to obtain a single nonlinear Gulf Stream pathway as it separates from the coast. None of the simulations were sufficiently inertial to overcome the linear solution need for a boundary current north of Cape Hatteras without assistance from pathway advection by the abyssal circulation, even though the core speeds of the simulated currents were consistent with observations near separation. In the 1/16 degrees simulation with no DWBC and a 1/32 degrees simulation with high bottom friction and no DWBC the model Gulf Stream overshot the observed separation latitude. With abyssal current assistance the simulated (and the observed) mean Gulf Stream pathway between separation from the western boundary and similar to 70 degrees W agreed closely with a constant absolute vorticity (CAV) trajectory influenced by the angle of the coastline prior to separation. The key abyssal current crosses under the Gulf Stream at 68.5-69 degrees W and advects the Gulf Stream pathway southward to the terminus of an escarpment in the continental slope.
There the abyssal current crosses to deeper depths to conserve potential vorticity while passing under the downward-sloping thermocline of the stream and then immediately retroflects eastward onto the abyssal plain, preveting further southward pathway advection. Thus specific topographic features and feedback from the impact of the Gulf Stream on the abyssal current pathway determined the latitude of the stream at 68.5-69 degrees W, a latitude verified by observations. The associated abyssal current was also verified by observations. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Hurlburt, Harley E.; Hogan, Patrick J.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Hurlburt, HE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM hurlburt@nrlssc.navy.mil; hogan@nrlssc.navy.mil
NR 60
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0265
J9 DYNAM ATMOS OCEANS
JI Dyn. Atmos. Oceans
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 45
IS 3-4
SI SI
BP 71
EP 101
DI 10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2008.06.002
PG 31
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Oceanography
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Oceanography
GA 356QS
UT WOS:000259793300002
ER
PT J
AU Hurlburt, HE
Metzger, EJ
Hogan, PJ
Tilburg, CE
Shriver, JF
AF Hurlburt, Harley E.
Metzger, E. Joseph
Hogan, Patrick J.
Tilburg, Charles E.
Shriver, Jay F.
TI Steering of upper ocean currents and fronts by the topographically
constrained abyssal circulation
SO DYNAMICS OF ATMOSPHERES AND OCEANS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AGU Ocean Science Meeting
CY FEB, 2006
CL Honolulu, HI
SP ASLO, TOS, AGU
DE ocean circulation; western boundary currents; oceanic fronts; abyssal
circulation; bottom topography effects; Pacific Ocean; New Zealand
region; Kuroshio region; sea of Japan
ID WESTERN-BOUNDARY CURRENT; EMBEDDED MIXED-LAYER; GULF-STREAM;
NEW-ZEALAND; JAPAN/EAST SEA; NORTH PACIFIC; 1/64-DEGREES RESOLUTION;
VERTICAL COORDINATE; GENERAL CIRCULATION; SUBTROPICAL FRONT
AB A two-layer theory is used to investigate (1) the steering of upper ocean current pathways by topographically constrained abyssal currents that do not impinge on the bottom topography and (2) its application to upper ocean - topographic coupling via flow instabilities where topographically constrained eddy-driven deep mean flows in turn steer the mean pathways of upper ocean currents and associated fronts. In earlier studies the two-layer theory was applied to ocean models with low vertical resolution (2-6 layers). Here we investigate its relevance to complex ocean general circulation models (OGCMs) with high vertical resolution that are designed to simulate a wide range of ocean processes. The theory can be easily applied to models ranging from idealized to complex OGCMs, provided it is valid for the application. It can also be used in understanding some persistent features seen in observed ocean frontal pathways (over deep water) derived from satellite imagery and other data. To facilitate its application, a more thorough explanation of the theory is presented that emphasizes its range of validity. Three regions of the world ocean are used to investigate its application to eddy-resolving ocean models with high vertical resolution, including one where an assumption of the two-layer theory is violated. Results from the OGCMs with high vertical resolution are compared to those from models with low vertical resolution and to observations. In the Kuroshio region upper ocean - topographic coupling via flow instabilities and a modest seamount complex are used to explain the observed northward mean meander east of Japan where the Kuroshio separates from the coast. The Japan/East Sea (JES) is used to demonstrate the impact of upper ocean - topographic coupling in a relatively weak flow regime. East of South Island, New Zealand, the Southland Current is an observed western boundary current that flows in a direction counter to the demands of Sverdrup flow and counter to the direction simulated in nonlinear global flat bottom and reduced gravity models. A model with high vertical resolution (and topography extending through any number of layers) and a model with low vertical resolution (and vertically compressed but otherwise realistic topography confined to the lowest layer) both simulate a Southland Current in the observed direction with dynamics depending on the configuration of the regional seafloor. However, the dynamics of these simulations are very different because the Campbell Plateau and Chatham Rise east and southeast of New Zealand are rare features of the world ocean where the topography intrudes into the stratified water column over a relatively broad area but lies deeper than the nominal 200 m depth of the continental shelf break, violating a limitation of the two-layer theory. Observations confirm the results from the high vertical resolution model. Overall, the model simulations show increasingly widespread upper ocean - topographic coupling via flow instabilities as the horizontal resolution of the ocean models is increased, but fine resolution of mesoscale variability and the associated flow instabilities are required to obtain sufficient coupling. As a result, this type of coupling is critical in distinguishing between eddy-resolving and eddy-permitting ocean models in regions where it occurs. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Hurlburt, Harley E.; Metzger, E. Joseph; Hogan, Patrick J.; Shriver, Jay F.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[Tilburg, Charles E.] Univ New England, Biddeford, ME 04005 USA.
RP Hurlburt, HE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM hurlburt@nrlssc.navy.mil; metzger@nrlssc.navy.mil;
hogan@nrlssc.navy.mil; ctilburg@une.edu; shriver@nrlssc.navy.mil
NR 74
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0265
EI 1872-6879
J9 DYNAM ATMOS OCEANS
JI Dyn. Atmos. Oceans
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 45
IS 3-4
SI SI
BP 102
EP 134
DI 10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2008.06.003
PG 33
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Oceanography
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Oceanography
GA 356QS
UT WOS:000259793300003
ER
PT J
AU Small, RJ
deSzoeke, SP
Xie, SP
O'Neill, L
Seo, H
Song, Q
Cornillon, P
Spall, M
Minobe, S
AF Small, R. J.
deSzoeke, S. P.
Xie, S. P.
O'Neill, L.
Seo, H.
Song, Q.
Cornillon, P.
Spall, M.
Minobe, S.
TI Air-sea interaction over ocean fronts and eddies
SO DYNAMICS OF ATMOSPHERES AND OCEANS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AGU Ocean Science Meeting
CY FEB, 2006
CL Honolulu, HI
SP ASLO, TOS, AGU
DE air-sea interaction; oceanography; meteorology; fronts; eddies; boundary
layers; Kuroshio; Gulf stream; Agulhas current
ID ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; TROPICAL INSTABILITY WAVES; EASTERN
EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; SURFACE TEMPERATURE-GRADIENTS; MESOSCALE COASTAL
PROCESSES; APERTURE RADAR IMAGERY; AGULHAS RETURN CURRENT;
NORTH-ATLANTIC OCEAN; GULF-STREAM; WIND STRESS
AB Air-sea interaction at ocean fronts and eddies exhibits positive correlation between sea surface temperature (SST), wind speed, and heat fluxes out of the ocean, indicating that the ocean is forcing the atmosphere. This contrasts with larger scale climate modes where the negative correlations suggest that the atmosphere is driving the system. This paper examines the physical processes that lie behind the interaction of sharp SST gradients and the overlying marine atmospheric boundary layer and deeper atmosphere, using high resolution satellite data, field data and numerical models. The importance of different physical mechanisms of atmospheric response to SST gradients, such as the effect of surface stability variations on momentum transfer, pressure gradients, secondary circulations and cloud cover will be assessed. The atmospheric response is known to create small-scale wind stress curl and divergence anomalies, and a discussion of the feedback of these features onto the ocean will also be presented. These processes will be compared and contrasted for different regions such as the Equatorial Front in the Eastern Pacific, and oceanic fronts in mid-latitudes such as the Gulf Stream, Kuroshio, and Agulhas Return Current. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Small, R. J.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[O'Neill, L.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Minobe, S.] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan.
[Spall, M.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Phys Oceanog, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Song, Q.; Cornillon, P.] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Seo, H.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Seo, H.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Div Climate Res, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[O'Neill, L.; Song, Q.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Xie, S. P.] Univ Hawaii, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Dept Meteorol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Small, R. J.; deSzoeke, S. P.; Xie, S. P.] Univ Hawaii, Int Pacific Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[deSzoeke, S. P.] NOAA, ESRL, PSD3, Boulder, CO 80304 USA.
RP Small, RJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7320,Bldg 1009, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM small.ctr.uk@nrlssc.navy.mil; Simon.deSzoeke@noaa.gov; xie@hawaii.edu;
larry.oneill.ctr@nrlmry.navy.mil; hyodae@atmos.ucla.edu;
qsong@coas.oregonstate.edu; pcornillon@gso.uri.edu; mspall@whoi.edu;
minobe@mail.sci.hokudai.ac.jp
RI Minobe, Shoshiro/E-2997-2010; Xie, Shang-Ping/C-1254-2009;
OI Minobe, Shoshiro/0000-0002-9487-9006; Xie,
Shang-Ping/0000-0002-3676-1325; Spall, Michael/0000-0003-1966-3122
NR 189
TC 210
Z9 222
U1 9
U2 65
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0265
J9 DYNAM ATMOS OCEANS
JI Dyn. Atmos. Oceans
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 45
IS 3-4
SI SI
BP 274
EP 319
DI 10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2008.01.001
PG 46
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Oceanography
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Oceanography
GA 356QS
UT WOS:000259793300010
ER
PT J
AU Holland, KT
Elmore, PA
AF Holland, K. T.
Elmore, P. A.
TI A review of heterogeneous sediments in coastal environments
SO EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE marine sediments; clastic sediments; heterogeneity; mudbanks; cheniers;
gravel-sand beaches; bedforms; sand ridge fields; tidal flats
ID INNER CONTINENTAL-SHELF; RIPPLED SCOUR DEPRESSIONS; CONNECTED SAND
RIDGES; NORTHERN KERALA COAST; WEST-CENTRAL FLORIDA; CHENIER-PLAIN
COAST; AMAZON-DERIVED MUD; DANISH WADDEN SEA; FRENCH-GUIANA; CROSS-SHORE
AB The influence of heterogeneous sediment properties on coastal processes is commonly underestimated due to the difficulty in characterizing and quantifying these types of sediments. Careful examination of previous research reveals that not only is sediment heterogeneity significant in terms of its impact on coastal processes, but that heterogeneous sedimentary environments comprise the majority of the world's coasts. Using geologic and oceanographic field descriptions as a guide, we define sediment heterogeneity to include mixed grain sizes or types, spatial diversity in sediment Properties and bedforms, and/or rapidly changing sediment characteristics. We categorize the dominant heterogeneous environments as I) gravel-sand coasts, 2) sorted bedform fields, 3) sand-ridge fields, 4) cheniers, 5) mud transgressed coasts, 6) mixed tidal flats, and 7) graded foreshores and surf zones. We also specifically tabulate numerical ranges of sediment heterogeneity within each category. These categorizations exemplify the numerous natural patterns of important sediment variability and suggest that environmental characterizations that generalize complexity in terms of simplified descriptions, such as median grain size, are insufficient to describe the influence of many coastal sediments. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Holland, K. T.; Elmore, P. A.] USN, Res Lab, Mapping Charting & Geodesy Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Holland, KT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Mapping Charting & Geodesy Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM tholland@nrlssc.navy.mil; pelmore@nrlssc.navy.mil
RI Holland, K. Todd/A-7673-2011
OI Holland, K. Todd/0000-0002-4601-6097
FU The Office of Naval Research [0601153N]
FX The Office of Naval Research through base funding of the Naval Research
Laboratory, Program Element #0601153N, supported this effort. We would
like to acknowledge the helpful comments and interesting insights from
Bob Dolan, John Goff, Linwood Vincent, and Peter Vogt.
NR 160
TC 47
Z9 51
U1 3
U2 25
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-8252
J9 EARTH-SCI REV
JI Earth-Sci. Rev.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 89
IS 3-4
BP 116
EP 134
DI 10.1016/j.earscirev.2008.03.003
PG 19
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 345JX
UT WOS:000258993800003
ER
PT J
AU Kaplan, I
Halitschke, R
Kessler, A
Rehill, BJ
Sardanelli, S
Denno, RF
AF Kaplan, Ian
Halitschke, Rayko
Kessler, Andre
Rehill, Brian J.
Sardanelli, Sandra
Denno, Robert F.
TI Physiological integration of roots and shoots in plant defense
strategies links above- and belowground herbivory
SO ECOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE indirect effects; phytoparasitic nematode; plant-mediated interactions;
resistance; root herbivory; sink strength; stable isotope; tolerance
ID MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; NICOTIANA-ATTENUATA; INDUCED RESPONSES;
MANDUCA-SEXTA; TOBACCO; COTTON; LEPIDOPTERA; RESISTANCE; GOSSYPOL;
INSECTS
AB Roots play a critical, but largely unappreciated, role in aboveground anti-herbivore plant defense (e.g. resistance and tolerance) and root-leaf connections may therefore result in unexpected coupling between above- and belowground consumers. Using the tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) system we highlight two examples of this phenomenon. First, the secondary metabolite nicotine is produced in roots, yet translocated aboveground for use as a foliar resistance trait. We demonstrate that nematode root herbivory interferes with foliar nicotine dynamics, resulting in positive effects on aboveground phytophagous insects. Notably, nematode-induced facilitation only occurred on nicotine-producing plants, and not on nicotine-deficient mutants. In the second case, we use stable isotope and invertase enzyme analyses to demonstrate that foliar herbivory elicits a putative tolerance response whereby aboveground nutritional reserves are allocated to roots, resulting in facilitation of phytoparasitic nematodes. Thus, plants integrate roots in resistance and tolerance mechanisms for leaf defense, and such root-leaf connections inherently link the dynamics of above- and belowground consumers.
C1 [Kaplan, Ian; Sardanelli, Sandra; Denno, Robert F.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Halitschke, Rayko; Kessler, Andre] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY USA.
[Rehill, Brian J.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Kaplan, I (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM ik223@cornell.edu
RI Kessler, Andre/C-7810-2014; Ankala, Arunkanth/G-6330-2011
OI Ankala, Arunkanth/0000-0002-6373-9916
NR 53
TC 98
Z9 102
U1 12
U2 101
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1461-023X
J9 ECOL LETT
JI Ecol. Lett.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 11
IS 8
BP 841
EP 851
DI 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01200.x
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 326JS
UT WOS:000257655400009
PM 18479456
ER
PT J
AU Hattendorf, JB
AF Hattendorf, John B.
TI Vauban under siege: Engineering efficiency and martial vigor in the War
of the Spanish Succession
SO ENGLISH HISTORICAL REVIEW
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Hattendorf, John B.] USN, War Coll, Newport, RI USA.
RP Hattendorf, JB (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Newport, RI USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0013-8266
J9 ENGL HIST REV
JI Engl. Hist. Rev.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 123
IS 503
BP 1041
EP 1043
DI 10.1093/ehr/cen235
PG 3
WC History
SC History
GA 353BR
UT WOS:000259541600041
ER
PT J
AU Smith, JP
Oktay, SD
Kada, J
Olsen, CR
AF Smith, Joseph P.
Oktay, Sarah D.
Kada, John
Olsen, Curtis R.
TI Iodine-131: A potential short-lived, wastewater-specific particle tracer
in an urbanized estuarine system
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HUDSON RIVER ESTUARY; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; METAL DISTRIBUTIONS;
TREATMENT-PLANT; COASTAL WATERS; SEDIMENTS; IODINE; SEWAGE; BAY;
DEPOSITION
AB The short-lived, fission-produced radioisotope, (131)I (t(1/2) = 8.04 days), was detected in wastewater, surficial sediment, and suspended particulate matter (SPM) samples collected from New York Harbor (NYH) between 2001 and 2002. Iodine-131 is used as a radiopharmaceutical for medical imaging, diagnostics, and treatments for conditions of the thyroid. It is introduced into the municipal waste stream by medical facilities and patients and is subsequently released into the estuary via effluent. Measured (131)I activities in surface sediments were correlated with those of (7)Be (t(1/2) = 53.2 days), a naturally occurring radioisotope that is widely used to quantify particle dynamics, sediment focusing, and short-term sediment deposition and accumulation in aquatic systems. Surficial sediment (131)I activities were also compared with measured trace metal (Cu, Pb) and organic carbon (OC(sed)) concentrations which can be linked to wastewater inputs. These preliminary results from NYH introduce (131)I as a potentially valuable source-specific, short-lived biogeochemical tracer (timescales < 1 month) for particles, sediments, and wastewater-sourced contaminants in urbanized aquatic systems.
C1 [Smith, Joseph P.; Oktay, Sarah D.; Olsen, Curtis R.] Univ Massachusetts, Environm Earth & Ocean Sci Dept, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
[Kada, John] US DOE, Environm Measurements Lab, New York, NY 10014 USA.
RP Smith, JP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Biogeochem Code 6114,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM joseph.smith@nrl.navy.mil
NR 49
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD AUG 1
PY 2008
VL 42
IS 15
BP 5435
EP 5440
DI 10.1021/es800418c
PG 6
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 332HW
UT WOS:000258075100012
PM 18754457
ER
PT J
AU Cachat, E
Barker, M
Read, TD
Priest, FG
AF Cachat, Elise
Barker, Margaret
Read, Timothy D.
Priest, Fergus G.
TI A Bacillus thuringiensis strain producing a polyglutamate capsule
resembling that of Bacillus anthracis
SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bacillus anthracis; Bacillus cereus; Bacillus thuringiensis; capsule;
polyglutamic acid; MLST
ID CEREUS GROUP; SUBSP ISRAELENSIS; PX02 GENES; SEQUENCE; PLASMID;
IDENTIFICATION; BACTERIA; PXO2; INFECTIONS; PNEUMONIA
AB Bacillus thuringiensis serovar Monterrey strain BGSC 4AJ1 produced a microscopically visible capsule that reacted with a fluorescent antibody specific for the poly-gamma-D-glutamic acid (PGA) capsule of Bacillus anthracis. PGA capsule biosynthesis genes with 75%, 81%, 72%, 65% and 63% similarity, respectively, to those of the B. anthracis capBCADE cluster were present on a plasmid (pAJ1-1). Strain BGSC 4AJ1, together with five strains of Bacillus cereus that hybridized to a PGA cap gene probe, were analyzed phylogenetically using six housekeeping genes of a B. cereus multilocus sequence typing scheme. Bacillus thuringiensis BGSC 4AJ1 shared four identical alleles with B. anthracis and was the second most closely related to this bacterium of the 674 isolates in the multilocus sequence typing database. The other cap(+) strains were distributed among various lineages of Clade 1 of the B. cereus group.
C1 [Cachat, Elise; Barker, Margaret; Priest, Fergus G.] Heriot Watt Univ, Sch Life Sci, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Read, Timothy D.] USN, Biol Def Res Directorate, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Priest, FG (reprint author), Heriot Watt Univ, Sch Life Sci, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland.
EM f.g.priest@hw.ac.uk
RI Read, Timothy/E-6240-2011
NR 32
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 3
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0378-1097
J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT
JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 285
IS 2
BP 220
EP 226
DI 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01231.x
PG 7
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 326KZ
UT WOS:000257659100012
PM 18549401
ER
PT J
AU Brown, S
Rickrode, M
Caldwell, T
AF Brown, Stacy
Rickrode, Mark
Caldwell, Thomas
TI Determination of JP-8 components in soils using solid-phase
microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
SO FUEL
LA English
DT Article
DE JP-8; jet fuel; GC-MS; SPME
ID WATER SAMPLES; JET FUEL; HYDROCARBONS; VOLATILE; BLOOD; QUANTIFICATION;
IDENTIFICATION; PENETRATION; ABSORPTION
AB Jet Propellant-8 (JP-8) is a military fuel associated with a large percentage of chemical exposures documented by the US Department of Defense. A fast and sensitive solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatographic-in ass spectrometric (SPME-GC-MS) method has been developed for the determination of 34 'marker compounds' found in JP-8. Linear ranges (R-2 > 0.99) were determined for each marker component and precision was measured (<16% RSD) for these components over four concentrations within each calibration range. The method was applied for the analysis of JP-8 components from soil. The use of SPME over other sample extraction techniques eliminates solvents, minimizes sample handling, and increases sensitivity. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Brown, Stacy] E Tennessee State Univ, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA.
[Rickrode, Mark] USN, Naval Air Stn Pensacola, Pensacola, FL 32508 USA.
[Caldwell, Thomas] The Citadel, Dept Chem, Charleston, SC 29409 USA.
RP Brown, S (reprint author), E Tennessee State Univ, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Box 70594, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA.
EM browsd03@mail.etsu.edu; MRickrode@cox.net
NR 20
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0016-2361
J9 FUEL
JI Fuel
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 87
IS 10-11
BP 2334
EP 2338
DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2008.01.006
PG 5
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 302ZL
UT WOS:000256008600068
ER
PT J
AU Fitzgerald, BT
Hofmeister, EP
AF Fitzgerald, Brian T.
Hofmeister, Eric P.
TI Treatment of advanced carpometacarpal joint disease: Trapeziectomy and
hematoma arthroplasty
SO HAND CLINICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TENDON INTERPOSITION ARTHROPLASTY; CARPO-METACARPAL JOINT; LIGAMENT
RECONSTRUCTION; TRAPEZIOMETACARPAL JOINT; DISTRACTION ARTHROPLASTY;
FOLLOW-UP; OSTEOARTHRITIS; THUMB; TRAPEZIUM; EXCISION
AB Some surgical treatment options of painful basal joint arthritis do not require complex arthroplasty or suspensionplasty techniques. Simple trapeziectomy with temporary pinning of a slightly overdistracted thumb metacarpal can provide reliable pain relief, good motion, and functional stability. Recent literature supports alternative options when compared with formal ligament reconstruction or suspensionplasty procedures. Simple trapeziectomy is associated with less morbidity due to shorter operative times and the lack of need for graft harvest and ligament reconstruction.
C1 [Fitzgerald, Brian T.; Hofmeister, Eric P.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Div Hand & Microvasc Surg, Dept Orthopaed Surg, San Diego, CA 92131 USA.
RP Fitzgerald, BT (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Div Hand & Microvasc Surg, Dept Orthopaed Surg, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 112, San Diego, CA 92131 USA.
EM brian.fitzgerald@med.navy.mil
NR 28
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 0
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 0749-0712
J9 HAND CLIN
JI Hand Clin.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 3
BP 271
EP +
DI 10.1016/j.hcl.2008.03.003
PG 7
WC Orthopedics
SC Orthopedics
GA 343BH
UT WOS:000258826800007
PM 18675718
ER
PT J
AU McMahon, JM
AF McMahon, John M.
TI Fiber lasers: A future space technology
SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL PARAMETRIC OSCILLATOR; PERIODICALLY POLED LINBO3
AB The constraints of operation in space have largely precluded the use of conventional solid-state laser systems for applications including remote sensing, communication relays, and active laser radars. A new technology, fiber lasers, may offer all of the needed features at an affordable price. An appealing aspect of the fiber laser is that it does not need a rigid optical bench. Only the output end of the fiber need be held in rigid reference to the optical tracking system. Design, fabrication, and testing of the laser resonator is generally the most expensive and longest lead part of the effort for conventional solid-state lasers. Advances in Fiber Optic technology and devices mean that the 'fiber laser" need not be a simple device but may be a complex system employing sophisticated technology such as wavelength selective Bragg reflectors and nonlinear optical frequency shifters. Three companies have recently obtained single-mode outputs of 3540 watts single mode at 1.03-1.1 microns.
C1 [McMahon, John M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP McMahon, JM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5601, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0885-8985
J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG
JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 23
IS 8
BP 32
EP 37
DI 10.1109/MAES.2008.4607897
PG 6
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 336OF
UT WOS:000258373800009
ER
PT J
AU Kragh, F
Robertson, C
AF Kragh, Frank
Robertson, Clark
TI Novel approach to the analysis of diversity receivers corrupted by
partial-band noise interference
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2004)
CY OCT 31-NOV 03, 2004
CL Monterey, CA
SP IEEE
DE receivers; spread spectrum communication; communication system
performance; digital communication; diversity methods; frequency hop
communication; frequency shift keying; interference; Laplace transforms;
random variables
AB Bit error rate performance analysis for communications systems with diversity and partial-band interference often yields complicated probability density functions (PDFs) for the decision statistics. The authors calculate these PDFs via a new technique by evaluating the inverse Laplace transform as an integral of a real integrand over a finite range.
C1 [Kragh, Frank; Robertson, Clark] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Kragh, F (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM frank.kragh@ieee.org
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0090-6778
J9 IEEE T COMMUN
JI IEEE Trans. Commun.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 56
IS 8
BP 1221
EP 1224
DI 10.1109/TCOMM.2008.060219
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 339IT
UT WOS:000258572000004
ER
PT J
AU Firebaugh, SL
Piepmeier, JA
AF Firebaugh, Samara L.
Piepmeier, Jenelle A.
TI The RoboCup nanogram league: An opportunity for problem-based
undergraduate education in microsystems
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON EDUCATION
LA English
DT Article
DE microrobotics; microelectromechanical devices; problem-based learning;
scratch drive actuators; student competitions; undergraduate education
ID SYSTEMS; CURRICULUM; DESIGN; MEMS
AB A problem-based learning approach was chosen for a new senior elective in microsystems. The problem posed to the students was to design microrobots suitable for the new "nanogram league" of the international RoboCup competition, which challenges teams of students and researchers to construct microscopic untethered robots that will compete against each other in soccer-related agility drills on a 2.5 mm by 2.5 mm playing field. The approach was shown to increase student interest and motivation. The course was considered a success and will be repeated with some modifications to increase the breadth of the course coverage.
C1 [Firebaugh, Samara L.; Piepmeier, Jenelle A.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Firebaugh, SL (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM firebaug@usna.edu
NR 20
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9359
J9 IEEE T EDUC
JI IEEE Trans. Educ.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 51
IS 3
BP 394
EP 399
DI 10.1109/TE.2008.919699
PG 6
WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering
GA 340AF
UT WOS:000258617700015
ER
PT J
AU Hull, BA
Sumakeris, JJ
O'Loughlin, MJ
Zhang, QC
Richmond, J
Powell, AR
Imhoff, EA
Hobart, KD
Rivera-Lopez, A
Hefner, AR
AF Hull, Brett A.
Sumakeris, Joseph J.
O'Loughlin, Michael J.
Zhang, Qingchun
Richmond, Jim
Powell, Adrian R.
Imhoff, Eugene A.
Hobart, Karl D.
Rivera-Lopez, Angel
Hefner, Allen R., Jr.
TI Performance and stability of large-area 4H-SiC 10-kV junction barrier
Schottky rectifiers
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
LA English
DT Article
DE junction barrier Schottky (JBS) diode; power semiconductor diode; SiC;
stability
ID SILICON-CARBIDE; DIODES; DEFECTS
AB The forward and reverse bias dc characteristics, the long-term stability under forward and reverse bias, and the reverse recovery performance of 4H-SiC junction barrier Schottky (JBS) diodes that are capable of blocking in excess of 10 kV with forward conduction of up to 10 A at a forward voltage of less than 3.5 V (at 25 degrees C are described. The diodes show a positive temperature coefficient of resistance and a stable Schottky barrier height of up to 200 degrees C. The diodes show stable operation under continuous forward current injection at 20 A/cM2 and under continuous reverse bias of 8 kV at 125 degrees C. When switched from a 10-A forward current to a blocking voltage of 3 kV at a current rate-of-fall of 30 A/fLs, the reverse recovery time and the reverse recovery charge are nearly constant at 300 ns and 425 nC, respectively, over the entire temperature range of 25 degrees C-175 degrees C.
C1 [Hull, Brett A.; Sumakeris, Joseph J.; O'Loughlin, Michael J.; Zhang, Qingchun; Richmond, Jim; Powell, Adrian R.] Cree Inc, Durham, NC 27703 USA.
[Imhoff, Eugene A.; Hobart, Karl D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Rivera-Lopez, Angel; Hefner, Allen R., Jr.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Hull, BA (reprint author), Cree Inc, Durham, NC 27703 USA.
EM brett_hull@cree.com
NR 23
TC 32
Z9 34
U1 3
U2 18
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9383
J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV
JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 55
IS 8
BP 1864
EP 1870
DI 10.1109/TED.2008.926655
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 330NO
UT WOS:000257950300013
ER
PT J
AU Hu, J
Xin, XB
Li, XQ
Zhao, JH
VanMil, BL
Lew, KK
Myers-Ward, RL
Eddy, CR
Gaskill, DK
AF Hu, Jun
Xin, Xiaobin
Li, Xueqing
Zhao, Jian H.
VanMil, Brenda L.
Lew, Kok-Keong
Myers-Ward, Rachael L.
Eddy, Charles R., Jr.
Gaskill, D. Kurt
TI 4H-SiC visible-blind single-photon avalanche diode for ultraviolet
detection at 280 and 350 nm
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
LA English
DT Article
DE counting efficiency (CE); dark count rate (DCR); passive quenching;
single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD); single-photon detection efficiency
(SPDE); visible blind; 4H-silicon carbide
ID 4H SILICON-CARBIDE; GEIGER-MODE; PHOTODIODES
AB This paper reports on a 4H-SiC single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) operating at UV wavelengths of 280 and 350 run. The SPAD shows low dark currents of 20 and 57 fA at 80 V and 90% breakdown voltage, respectively. The quantum efficiency (QE) reaches its peak of 43% at 270 nm and is <0.007% at 400 nm, indicating a high UV-to-visible rejection ratio of >6100. The 4H-SiC SPAD shows a fast self-quenching and a high photon count rate of 1.44 MHz in the passive-quenching mode. At the wavelength of 280 nm, a single-photon detection efficiency (SPDE) of 2.83% with a low dark count rate of 22 kHz is achieved at the reverse bias of 116.8 V. The SPDE at 350 nm is lower, which is 0.195%, owing to the correspondingly smaller QE. Optimization measurements were conducted on SPDE as a function of voltage bias and signal output threshold.
C1 [Hu, Jun; Zhao, Jian H.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, SiCLAB, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Xin, Xiaobin; Li, Xueqing] United Silicon Carbide Inc, New Brunswick Technol Ctr, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[VanMil, Brenda L.; Lew, Kok-Keong; Myers-Ward, Rachael L.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.; Gaskill, D. Kurt] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Lew, Kok-Keong] Intel Corp, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA.
RP Hu, J (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, SiCLAB, POB 909, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
EM jzhao@ece.rutgers.edu
NR 19
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 8
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9383
J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV
JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 55
IS 8
BP 1977
EP 1983
DI 10.1109/TED.2008.926669
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 330NO
UT WOS:000257950300029
ER
PT J
AU Buchner, S
McMorrow, D
Bernard, M
Roche, N
Dusseau, L
AF Buchner, Stephen
McMorrow, Dale
Bernard, Muriel
Roche, Nicolas
Dusseau, Laurent
TI Total Dose Effects on Error Rates in Linear Bipolar Systems
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 9th European Conference Radiation and Its Effects on Components and
Systems
CY SEP 10-14, 2007
CL Deauville, FRANCE
DE Bipolar circuit; error rate; single event transient; total dose
ID SINGLE-EVENT TRANSIENTS; CIRCUITS
AB The shapes of single event transients in linear bipolar circuits are distorted by exposure to total ionizing dose radiation. Some transients become broader and others become narrower. Such distortions may affect the Single Event Transient (SET) system error rates in a radiation environment. If the transients are broadened by total ionizing dose (TID) exposure, the error rate could increase during the course of a mission, a possibility that has implications for hardness assurance.
C1 [Buchner, Stephen] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Perot Syst Govt Serv, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[McMorrow, Dale] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Bernard, Muriel; Roche, Nicolas; Dusseau, Laurent] Univ Montpellier 2, F-34095 Montpellier, France.
RP Buchner, S (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Perot Syst Govt Serv, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM sbuchner@pop500.gsfc.nasa.gov; mcmorrow@ccs.nrl.navy.mil;
bernard@ies.univ-montp2.fr; nicolas.roche@ies.univ-montp2.fr;
dusseau@ies.univ-montp2.fr
NR 8
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 55
IS 4
BP 2055
EP 2062
DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.916061
PN 1
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 358EI
UT WOS:000259899500024
ER
PT J
AU Balasubramanian, A
Amusan, OA
Bhuva, BL
Reed, RA
Sternberg, AL
Massengill, LW
McMorrow, D
Nation, SA
Melinger, JS
AF Balasubramanian, Anupama
Amusan, Oluwole A.
Bhuva, Bharat L.
Reed, Robert A.
Sternberg, Andre L.
Massengill, Lloyd W.
McMorrow, Dale
Nation, Sarah A.
Melinger, J. S.
TI Measurement and Analysis of Interconnect Crosstalk Due to Single Events
in a 90 nm CMOS Technology
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 9th European Conference Radiation and Its Effects on Components and
Systems
CY SEP 10-14, 2007
CL Deauville, FRANCE
DE Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS); interconnect crosstalk;
single event (SE); technology computer aided design (TCAD)
ID 2-PHOTON ABSORPTION; SOI TECHNOLOGY; REDUCTION; LASER
AB The presence of single event (SE) induced interconnect crosstalk has been measured and demonstrated experimentally using single and two photon laser absorption techniques in the IBM 90 nm CMOS9SF process. The dependency of SE interconnect crosstalk on the interconnect length and on the amount of deposited charge has been quantified through 3D mixed-mode simulations at this technology for two different supply voltages. Experimental and simulation results show this effect to increase the cross-section susceptible to SEs requiring careful design considerations to assure desired hardness levels.
C1 [Balasubramanian, Anupama; Amusan, Oluwole A.; Bhuva, Bharat L.; Reed, Robert A.; Massengill, Lloyd W.; Nation, Sarah A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Radiat Effects Grp, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Sternberg, Andre L.] Vanderbilt Univ, Inst Space & Def Elect, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[McMorrow, Dale; Melinger, J. S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Balasubramanian, A (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Radiat Effects Grp, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
EM anupama.balasubramanian@vanderbilt.edu
NR 28
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 55
IS 4
BP 2079
EP 2084
DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.2000781
PN 1
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 358EI
UT WOS:000259899500027
ER
PT J
AU De Geronimo, G
Fried, J
Frost, E
Phlips, BF
Vernon, E
Wulf, EA
AF De Geronimo, Gianluigi
Fried, Jack
Frost, Elliot
Phlips, Bernard F.
Vernon, Emerson
Wulf, Eric A.
TI Front-End ASIC for a Silicon Compton Telescope
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE ASIC; cascode; Compton telescope
ID STRIP DETECTORS; RAY; IMAGER; READOUT
AB We describe a front-end application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) developed for a Silicon Compton telescope. Composed of 32 channels, it reads out signals in both polarities from each side of a Silicon strip sensor, 2 mm thick 27 cm Ion characterized by a strip capacitance of 30 pF. Each front-end channel provides low-noise charge amplification, shaping with a stabilized baseline, discrimination, and peak detection with an analog memory. The channels can process events simultaneously, and the read out is sparsified. The charge amplifier uses a dual-cascode configuration and dual-polarity adaptive reset. The low-hysteresis discriminator and the multi-phase peak detector process signals with a dynamic range in excess of four hundred. An equivalent noise charge (ENC) below 200 electrons was measured at 30 pF, with a slope of about 4.5 electrons/pF at a peaking time of 4 mu s. With a total dissipated power of 5 mW the channel covers an energy range up to 3.2 MeV.
C1 [De Geronimo, Gianluigi; Fried, Jack; Vernon, Emerson] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Frost, Elliot] Praxis Inc, Alexandria, VA 22303 USA.
[Phlips, Bernard F.; Wulf, Eric A.] USN, Res Lab, High Energy Space Environm Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP De Geronimo, G (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM degeronimo@bnl.gov
RI Wulf, Eric/B-1240-2012
FU U.S. Department of Homeland Security
FX This work was supported in part by the Domestic Nuclear Detection Office
(DNDO) of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.
NR 31
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 55
IS 4
BP 2323
EP 2328
DI 10.1109/TNS.2008.2001410
PN 2
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 358EJ
UT WOS:000259899600005
ER
PT J
AU Walton, SG
Fernsler, RF
Lock, EH
AF Walton, Scott G.
Fernsler, Richard F.
Lock, Evgeniya H.
TI Electron beam-produced plasmas
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE electron beams; emission; plasma generation; plasma materials-processing
applications; plasmas
ID GENERATED PLASMAS; NEGATIVE-IONS; EXTRACTION
AB High-energy electron beams offer a unique alternative to discharges as plasma sources for material processing. In this paper, we present several images of sheetlike beams produced in a variety of gases and in different configurations. In addition to their aesthetic value, the images provide insight into the plasma and system properties.
C1 [Walton, Scott G.; Fernsler, Richard F.; Lock, Evgeniya H.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Lock, Evgeniya H.] CNR, Washington, DC 20001 USA.
RP Walton, SG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM scott.walton@nrl.navy.mil; Richard.fernsler@nrl.navy.mil;
evgeniya.lock@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research
FX Manuscript received December 4. 2007: revised February 27. 2008. This
work was supported by the Office of Naval Research.
NR 7
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 11
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0093-3813
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 36
IS 4
BP 1218
EP 1219
DI 10.1109/TPS.2008.922931
PN 1
PG 2
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 340AK
UT WOS:000258618200179
ER
PT J
AU Kulpa, K
Lukin, K
Miceli, W
Thayaparan, T
AF Kulpa, K.
Lukin, K.
Miceli, W.
Thayaparan, T.
TI Signal processing in noise radar technology
SO IET RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Kulpa, K.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Signal Proc Lab, PL-00661 Warsaw, Poland.
[Thayaparan, T.] Def Res & Dev Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
[Miceli, W.] Off Naval Res, Surveillance Commun & Elect Combat Div, Arlington, VA 22217 USA.
RP Kulpa, K (reprint author), Warsaw Univ Technol, Signal Proc Lab, PL-00661 Warsaw, Poland.
RI Kulpa, Krzysztof/H-3951-2011
OI Kulpa, Krzysztof/0000-0003-2627-2744
NR 4
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 8
PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET
PI HERTFORD
PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND
SN 1751-8784
J9 IET RADAR SONAR NAV
JI IET Radar Sonar Navig.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 2
IS 4
BP 229
EP 232
DI 10.1049/iet-rsn:20089017
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 343TX
UT WOS:000258879200001
ER
PT J
AU Carroll, TL
AF Carroll, T. L.
TI Adaptive chaotic maps for identification of complex targets
SO IET RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION
LA English
DT Article
ID FM SIGNALS; SEQUENCES; DESIGN
AB Identification of complex targets in radar or sonar is a difficult problem. The author shows how the parameters of a simple chaotic map may be optimised to increase the cross correlation of a transmitted signal with the reflection from one target while decreasing the cross correlation with another target. The targets consist of simple arrays of point scatterers. The author shows that the optimisation process produces a chaotic signal with a power spectrum that maximises the ratio of the cross correlation with one target to the cross correlation with a different target, however the author also shows that the specific time ordering of the chaotic signal is also important in determining the cross correlation. The performance of the chaotic signal is better than a random signal with the same power spectrum. The author also shows an example of applying these methods to targets that are more complex.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Carroll, TL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM carroll@anvil.nrl.navy.mil
OI Carroll, Thomas/0000-0002-2371-2049
NR 21
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 2
PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET
PI HERTFORD
PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND
SN 1751-8784
J9 IET RADAR SONAR NAV
JI IET Radar Sonar Navig.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 2
IS 4
BP 256
EP 262
DI 10.1049/iet-rsn:20070128
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 343TX
UT WOS:000258879200004
ER
PT J
AU Scott, NV
Handler, RA
Smith, GB
AF Scott, Nicholas V.
Handler, Robert A.
Smith, Geoffrey B.
TI Wavelet analysis of the surface temperature field at an air-water
interface subject to moderate wind stress
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND FLUID FLOW
LA English
DT Article
DE wavelet transform; coherent temperature groups; temperature fluctuation
threshold; infrared imagery; characteristic scale
ID GAS TRANSFER; STATISTICS; TURBULENCE; EVOLUTION; SPEED; FLOW
AB A new analysis methodology based on the wavelet transform is used to estimate the cross-wind scale statistics of high surface temperature events from two-dimensional infrared imagery. The method is applied to laboratory data obtained from an experiment conducted in 2001 at the University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science Air-sea Interaction Saltwater Tank (ASIST). For the case of positive heat flux, in which heat is transported from water to air and for all wind forcing conditions, results from the analysis of infrared images show that the number of high temperature events, when scanned in the cross-wind direction, occupies a wide range of scales. For all wind cases, at a low temperature fluctuation threshold, the number of high temperature events increases with increasing wavenumber (decreasing scale). As the temperature fluctuation threshold is increased, this distribution collapses around a characteristic scale. In addition, as the wind speed increases this scale decreases. The statistical scale results are shown to be consistent with estimates of streak spacing based on a standard parameterization of the turbulent dynamics as well as with the results from numerical experiments. Our results suggest that further statistical analysis may possibly allow for the estimation of wind stress from infrared imagery. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Scott, Nicholas V.; Handler, Robert A.; Smith, Geoffrey B.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Scott, NV (reprint author), Univ Florida, Civil & Coastal Engn Dept, Weil Hall, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA.
EM nscott@whoi.edu
NR 20
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0142-727X
EI 1879-2278
J9 INT J HEAT FLUID FL
JI Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 29
IS 4
BP 1103
EP 1112
DI 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2007.11.002
PG 10
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics
GA 334WI
UT WOS:000258251600020
ER
PT J
AU Yungwirth, CJ
Wadley, HNG
O'Connor, JH
Zakraysek, AJ
Deshpande, VS
AF Yungwirth, Christian J.
Wadley, Haydn N. G.
O'Connor, John H.
Zakraysek, Alan J.
Deshpande, Vikram S.
TI Impact response of sandwich plates with a pyramidal lattice core
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE impact; pyramidal truss; air shock waves; energy absorption; ballistic
performance
ID BALLISTIC RESISTANCE; PROJECTILES; PENETRATION; PERFORATION; TARGETS;
BEAMS; PANELS
AB The ballistic performance edge clamped 304 stainless-steel sandwich panels has been measured by impacting the plates at mid-span with a spherical steel projectile whose impact velocity ranged from 250 to 1300 m s(-1). The sandwich plates comprised two identical face sheets and a pyramidal truss core: the diameter of the impacting spherical projectile was approximately half the 25 mm truss core cell size. The ballistic behavior has been compared with monolithic 304 stainless-steel plates of approximately equal areal mass and with high-strength aluminum alloy (6061-T6) sandwich panels of identical geometry. The ballistic performance is quantified in terms of the entry and exit projectile velocities while high-speed photography is used to investigate the dynamic deformation and failure mechanisms. The stainless-steel sandwich panels were found to have a much higher ballistic resistance than the 6061-T6 aluminum alloy panels on a per volume basis but the ballistic energy absorption of the aluminum structures was slightly higher on a per unit mass basis. The ballistic performance of the monolithic and sandwich panels is almost identical though the failure mechanics of these two types of structures are rather different. At high impact velocities, the monolithic plates fail by ductile hole enlargement. By contrast, only the proximal face sheet of the sandwich plate undergoes this type of failure. The distal face sheet fails by a petalling mode over the entire velocity range investigated here. Given the substantially higher blast resistance of sandwich plates compared to monolithic plates of equal mass, we conclude that sandwich plates display a potential to outperform monolithic plates in multi-functional applications that combine blast resistance and ballistic performance. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Deshpande, Vikram S.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Engn, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, England.
[O'Connor, John H.; Zakraysek, Alan J.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
[Yungwirth, Christian J.; Wadley, Haydn N. G.] Univ Virginia, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
RP Deshpande, VS (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Engn, Trumpington St, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, England.
EM vsd@eng.cam.ac.uk
RI Deshpande, Vikram/C-6750-2013
OI Deshpande, Vikram/0000-0003-3899-3573
NR 21
TC 32
Z9 36
U1 2
U2 29
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0734-743X
J9 INT J IMPACT ENG
JI Int. J. Impact Eng.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 8
BP 920
EP 936
DI 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2007.07.001
PG 17
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA 317DO
UT WOS:000257000100023
ER
PT J
AU Tucker, E
AF Tucker, Ernest
TI The Sword of Persia: Nader Shah, from tribal warrior to conquering
tyrant
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Tucker, Ernest] USN Acad, Dept Hist, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Tucker, E (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Hist, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM tucker@usna.edu
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0020-7438
J9 INT J MIDDLE E STUD
JI Int. J. Middle East Stud.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 40
IS 3
BP 488
EP 489
DI 10.1017/S0020743809081051
PG 2
WC Area Studies
SC Area Studies
GA 339BS
UT WOS:000258553700015
ER
PT J
AU Riley, BM
Richard, JC
Girimaji, SS
AF Riley, Benjamin M.
Richard, Jacques C.
Girimaji, Sharath S.
TI Assessment of magnetohydrodynamic lattice Boltzmann schemes in
turbulence and rectangular jets
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS C
LA English
DT Article
DE multiple relaxation time (MRT); Maxwell stress tensor; Lorentz force;
probability distribution function (PDF); Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook (BGK)
collision operator
ID FLOWS; SIMULATIONS; PROGRESS; MODEL
AB Two lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) formulations are possible to account for the effect of the magnetic field on the velocity field in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flows. In the body-force formulation (BFF), the magnetic field effects manifest as an external acceleration. In the extended equilibrium formulation (EEF), the effect appears through a modified equilibrium distribution function. Further, for the velocity field itself, the available choices are the single-relaxation time (SRT) and multi-relaxation time (MRT) models. Thus, for MHD-LBM, there are four possible permutations: SRT-BFF, SRT-EEF, MRT-BFF and MRT-EEF. Numerical implementation of the first three have already been presented in the literature. In this work, we, (i) develop the numerical implementation of MRT-EEF and (ii) perform an assessment of the four possible approaches. Our results indicate that the MRT-EEF is the most robust and accurate of the MHD-LBM computational schemes examined.
C1 [Riley, Benjamin M.; Richard, Jacques C.; Girimaji, Sharath S.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
RP Riley, BM (reprint author), USN Acad, Charleston, SC USA.
EM br52@tamu.edu; richard@aero.tamu.edu; girimaji@aero.tamu.edu
NR 20
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 4
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE
SN 0129-1831
J9 INT J MOD PHYS C
JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. C
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 19
IS 8
BP 1211
EP 1220
DI 10.1142/S0129183108012881
PG 10
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA 353DP
UT WOS:000259546600005
ER
PT J
AU Horning, GM
Vernino, A
Towle, HJ
Baccaglini, L
AF Horning, Gregory M.
Vernino, Arthur
Towle, Herbert J., III
Baccaglini, Lorena
TI Gingival grafting in periodontal practice: Results of 103 consecutive
surgeries, in 82 patients
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PERIODONTICS & RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID CONNECTIVE-TISSUE GRAFT; ROOT COVERAGE PROCEDURES; ACELLULAR DERMAL
MATRIX; CORONALLY ADVANCED FLAP; FOLLOW-UP; REPOSITIONED FLAP;
RECESSION; MULTICENTER; DEFECTS; THERAPY
AB A consecutive series of 103 surgeries in 82 patients was studied from the normal clinical population of a periodontal specialty practice. Four different techniques were employed: free gingival grafts, free connective tissue grafts, pedicle flaps, and combined techniques. Gingival augmentation using free gingival grafts was the most predictable, with 100% of cases showing a gain of >= 3 mm. The average root coverage was 2.47 mm overall but was most predictable with a combined technique, with 93% gaining >= 2 mm. Miller Class 4 cases were most predictably treated with pedicle flaps and a combined technique. Smokers and patients with more complex sites showed less improvement. Mandibular central incisors and maxillary canines were the most commonly grafted teeth.
C1 [Horning, Gregory M.] USN, Branch Hlth Clin, Port Hueneme, CA 94043 USA.
[Vernino, Arthur; Baccaglini, Lorena] Univ Florida, Coll Dent, Gainesville, FL USA.
RP Horning, GM (reprint author), USN, Branch Hlth Clin, 720 23rd Ave, Port Hueneme, CA 94043 USA.
EM gregory.horning@med.navy.mil
NR 33
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU QUINTESSENCE PUBLISHING CO INC
PI HANOVER PARK
PA 4350 CHANDLER DRIVE, HANOVER PARK, IL 60133 USA
SN 0198-7569
J9 INT J PERIODONT REST
JI Int. J. Periodontics Restor. Dent.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 28
IS 4
BP 327
EP 335
PG 9
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
GA 336NZ
UT WOS:000258373200002
PM 18717371
ER
PT J
AU Shiels, MS
Cole, SR
Wegner, S
Armenian, H
Chmiel, JS
Ganesan, A
Marconi, VC
Martinez-Maza, O
Martinson, J
Weintrob, A
Jacobson, LP
Crum-Cianflone, NF
AF Shiels, Meredith S.
Cole, Stephen R.
Wegner, Scott
Armenian, Haroutune
Chmiel, Joan S.
Ganesan, Anuradha
Marconi, Vincent C.
Martinez-Maza, Otoniel
Martinson, Jeremy
Weintrob, Amy
Jacobson, Lisa P.
Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.
TI Effect of HAART on incident cancer and noncancer AIDS events among male
HIV seroconverters
SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Initative to Decrease Cardiovascular Risk and Increase
Quality of Care for Patients Living with HIV/AIDS
CY JUN 28-30, 2007
CL Chicago, IL
DE highly active antiretroviral therapy; cancers; Kaposi sarcoma;
AIDS-associated lymphoma; opportunistic infections; epidemiology
ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; MARGINAL
STRUCTURAL MODELS; COMPETING RISKS; DEFINING ILLNESSES;
CONTROLLED-TRIAL; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; DEATH; INFECTION; COHORT
AB Objective: To explore the impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on the prevention of AIDS-defining cancers relative to other AIDS-defining events.
Design: Prospective cohort study using 2121 HIV+ male seroconverters (median age: 28 years, 51% white/non-Hispanic) in the Tri-Service AIDS Clinical Consortium (n = 1694) and the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (n = 427).
Methods: Poisson regression models, with calendar periods to represent antiretroviral therapy, were extended to analyze first incident AIDS-defining cancers and other first AIDS-defining events as competing risks.
Results: Eighty-one AIDS-defining cancers (64 Kaposi sarcomas; 17 non-Hodgkin lymphomas) and 343 other AIDS events occurred during 14,483 person-years in 1990-2006. The rate ratio of AIDS-defining cancers during the HAART calendar period was 0.26 (95% confidence limits: 0.15, 0.46) and of other AIDS-defining events was 0.28 (95% confidence limits: 0.21, 0.36) compared with the monotherapy/combination therapy calendar period, adjusting for age, infection duration, race, and cohort. The association of HAART with decreased AIDS incidence seemed to be equal (interaction ratio = 0.95 (95% confidence limits: 0.51, 1.74) for AIDS-defining cancers and other AIDS-defining events.
Conclusions: In human immunodeficiency virus-infected men, HAART seems equally protective against first AIDS-defining cancers and other first AIDS-defining events.
C1 [Shiels, Meredith S.; Cole, Stephen R.; Armenian, Haroutune; Jacobson, Lisa P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
[Wegner, Scott; Ganesan, Anuradha; Marconi, Vincent C.; Weintrob, Amy; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Tri Serv AIDS Clin Consortium, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Chmiel, Joan S.] NW Univ Feinberg, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Chicago, IL USA.
[Ganesan, Anuradha] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Bethesda, MD USA.
[Marconi, Vincent C.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA.
[Martinez-Maza, Otoniel] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Martinez-Maza, Otoniel] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Immunol & Mol Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Martinson, Jeremy] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Infect Dis & Microbiol, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
[Weintrob, Amy] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
[Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] USN, Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Shiels, MS (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 615 N Wolfe St,Room E7133, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
EM mshiels@jhsph.edu
RI Martinez-Maza, Otoniel/B-2667-2009; Marconi, Vincent/N-3210-2014
OI Martinez-Maza, Otoniel/0000-0003-1364-0675; Marconi,
Vincent/0000-0001-8409-4689
FU NCI NIH HHS [T32 CA009314-26S1, T32 CA009314, T32 CA009314-27S1, T32
CA009314-28S3]; NCRR NIH HHS [5-MO1-RR-00722, M01 RR000722, M01
RR000722-23]; NIAID NIH HHS [HU0001-05-2-0011, U01 AI035039, U01
AI035039-16, U01 AI035039-17, U01 AI035040, U01 AI035040-16, U01
AI035041, U01 AI035041-10, U01 AI035041-17, U01 AI035042, U01
AI035042-11, U01 AI035042-17, U01 AI035043, U01 AI035043-10, U01
AI035043-11, U01 AI037613, U01 AI037613-08, U01 AI037984, U01
AI037984-08, UO1-AI-35039, UO1-AI-35040, UO1-AI-35041, UO1-AI-35042,
UO1-AI-35043, UO1-AI-37613, UO1-AI-37984]; NIDDK NIH HHS [U01 DK066116];
PHS HHS [HU0001-05-2-0011]
NR 44
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1525-4135
J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF
JI JAIDS
PD AUG 1
PY 2008
VL 48
IS 4
BP 485
EP 490
PG 6
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 328OQ
UT WOS:000257808100015
PM 18614916
ER
PT J
AU El-Sharoud, WM
El-Din, MZ
Ziada, DM
Ahmed, SF
Klena, JD
AF El-Sharoud, W. M.
El-Din, M. Z.
Ziada, D. M.
Ahmed, S. F.
Klena, J. D.
TI Surveillance and genotyping of Enterobacter sakazakii suggest its
potential transmission from milk powder into imitation recombined soft
cheese
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Enterobacter sakazakii; imitation recombined soft cheese; injured cells;
milk powder; pre-enrichment; pulsed-field gel electrophoresis
ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; INFANT FORMULA; MENINGITIS; SALMONELLA;
INFECTIONS; SURVIVAL; MEDIA; CELLS; FOOD
AB Aims: To examine the presence of Enterobacter sakazakii in milk and milk-related products produced/distributed under Egyptian conditions and to probe possible transmission routes of the pathogen during the preparation of dairy products.
Methods and Results: One hundred and thirty-seven samples of milk and milk-related products were randomly collected from Egyptian markets and examined for the presence of Ent. sakazakii. The pathogen could be detected only in skimmed milk powder (SMP) and its related product, imitation recombined soft (IRS) cheese. Enterobacter sakazakii isolates recovered from these products were phenotypically similar and sensitive to all antibiotics examined in this study. They also showed indistinguishable banding patterns when subjected to macro-restriction profiling using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (mrp-PFGE). One Ent. sakazakii isolate was inoculated into SMP that was used in the preparation of IRS cheese using two cheese making procedures. The pathogen could survive for up to 1 month in the IRS cheese prepared by either procedure.
Conclusions: The simultaneous presence of Ent. sakazakii in SMP and IRS cheese samples collected within the same local market besides the phenotypic and genotypic similarities of isolates recovered from these samples suggested the possibility of Ent. sakazakii being transmitted from SMP into IRS cheese. This hypothesis was supported by the observation that the pathogen could survive in the IRS cheese prepared from contaminated SMP.
Significance and Impact of the Study: The study highlights SMP and IRS cheese as potential transmission vehicles of Ent. sakazakii. It also raises concern on the microbiological safety of IRS cheese prepared from SMP.
C1 [El-Sharoud, W. M.; El-Din, M. Z.; Ziada, D. M.] Mansoura Univ, Food Safety & Microbial Physiol Lab, Fac Agr, Mansoura, Egypt.
[Ahmed, S. F.; Klena, J. D.] USN, Med Res Unit 3, NAMRU3, Cairo, Egypt.
RP El-Sharoud, WM (reprint author), Mansoura Univ, Food Safety & Microbial Physiol Lab, Fac Agr, Mansoura, Egypt.
EM wmel_sharoud@mans.edu.eg
NR 38
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1364-5072
J9 J APPL MICROBIOL
JI J. Appl. Microbiol.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 105
IS 2
BP 559
EP 566
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03777.x
PG 8
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 325CI
UT WOS:000257565400027
PM 18312564
ER
PT J
AU Sekiya, JK
Whiddon, DR
Zehms, CT
Miller, MD
AF Sekiya, Jon K.
Whiddon, David R.
Zehms, Chad T.
Miller, Mark D.
TI A clinically relevant assessment of posterior cruciate ligament and
posterolateral corner injuries
SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME
LA English
DT Article
ID 10-YEAR FOLLOW-UP; IN-SITU FORCES; TIBIAL INLAY; STRESS RADIOGRAPHY;
HUMAN KNEE; RECONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES; BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS; ANTERIOR;
ACCURACY; MOTION
AB Background: The treatment of symptomatic posterior cruciate ligament injuries of the knee is controversial. Identification of concomitant injuries of the posterolateral corner is important to optimize surgical and clinical outcomes, although this diagnosis is sometimes difficult. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical examination and stress radiography parameters of isolated injuries of the posterior cruciate ligament and combined injuries of the posterior cruciate ligament and posterolateral corner. Our hypothesis was that Grade-3 posterior drawer laxity is an indicator of a concomitant injury of the posterolateral corner.
Methods: Ten pairs of cadaver knees (a total of twenty knees) were evaluated with posterior drawer testing, dial testing, and stress radiography. Stress radiography was performed by applying a 200-N posterior drawer at 900 of knee flexion. The knees were tested while intact and then retested following the sequential resection of the posterior cruciate ligament followed by the posterolateral corner structures.
Results: All intact specimens were rated as Grade 0 on posterior drawer testing. Sectioning of the posterior cruciate ligament resulted in Grade-2 posterior drawer in all specimens. The additional resection of the posterolateral corner resulted in Grade-3 posterior drawer in all specimens. Dial testing of the intact knees resulted in a mean (and standard error) of 10.5 degrees +/- 1.0 degrees and 10.5 degrees +/- 0.80 degrees of external rotation at 30 degrees and 90 degrees, respectively. This increased significantly to 15.1 degrees +/- 1.1 degrees and 16.2 degrees +/- 0.89 degrees, respectively, following sectioning of the posterior cruciate ligament (p < 0.05). After resection of the posterolateral corner, rotation was further increased to a mean of 21.6 degrees +/- 1.5 degrees at 30 degrees and 27.5 degrees +/- 1.6 degrees at 90 degrees (p < 0.05). On stress radiography, the average posterior displacements measured 2.9 +/- 0.5 mm in the intact specimens, 12.7 +/- 1.0 mm after resection of the posterior cruciate ligament, and 22.3 +/- 1.6 mm after the additional resection of the posterolateral corner (p < 0.05). The corrected posterior displacement, calculated by subtracting the displacement in the intact knees, was 9.8 mm after resection of the posterior cruciate ligament and 19.4 mm after the additional resection of the posterolateral corner.
Conclusions: A grade of 3 on posterior drawer testing and >10 mm of posterior tibia I translation on stress radiography correlate with the presence of a posterolateral corner injury in addition to a complete disruption of the posterior cruciate ligament.
Clinical Relevance: Detection of grade-3 posterior drawer on physical examination should alert the examiner to the presence of a posterolateral corner injury.
C1 [Sekiya, Jon K.; Whiddon, David R.; Zehms, Chad T.; Miller, Mark D.] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Bone & Joint Sports Med Inst, Portsmouth, VA USA.
RP Sekiya, JK (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Orthopaed Surg, 24 Frank Lloyd Wright Dr,POB 0391, Ann Arbor, MI 48106 USA.
EM sekiya@umich.edu
NR 49
TC 52
Z9 60
U1 2
U2 4
PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC
PI NEEDHAM
PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 USA
SN 0021-9355
J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM
JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 90A
IS 8
BP 1621
EP 1627
DI 10.2106/JBJS.G.01365
PG 7
WC Orthopedics; Surgery
SC Orthopedics; Surgery
GA 335LM
UT WOS:000258292100001
PM 18676890
ER
PT J
AU Polak, E
Royset, JO
AF Polak, E.
Royset, J. O.
TI Efficient sample sizes in stochastic nonlinear programming
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS
LA English
DT Article
DE stochastic optimization; sample average approximations; diagonalization;
reliability-based optimal design
ID OPTIMAL-DESIGN
AB We consider a class of stochastic nonlinear programs for which an approximation to a locally optimal solution is specified in terms of a fractional reduction of the initial cost error. We show that such an approximate solution can be found by approximately solving a sequence of sample average approximations. The key issue in this approach is the determination of the required sequence of sample average approximations as well as the number of iterations to be carried out on each sample average approximation in this sequence. We show that one can express this requirement as an idealized optimization problem whose cost function is the computing work required to obtain the required error reduction. The specification of this idealized optimization problem requires the exact knowledge of a few problems and algorithm parameters. Since the exact values of these parameters are not known, we use estimates, which can be updated as the computation progresses. We illustrate our approach using two numerical examples from structural engineering design. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Royset, J. O.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Polak, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Royset, JO (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM polak@eecs.berkeley.edu; joroyset@nps.edu
NR 15
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0427
J9 J COMPUT APPL MATH
JI J. Comput. Appl. Math.
PD AUG 1
PY 2008
VL 217
IS 2
BP 301
EP 310
DI 10.1016/j.cam.2007.02.014
PG 10
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 315BJ
UT WOS:000256852600002
ER
PT J
AU Herpay, T
Razzaque, S
Patkos, A
Meszaros, P
AF Herpay, T.
Razzaque, S.
Patkos, A.
Meszaros, P.
TI High energy neutrinos and photons from curvature pions in magnetars
SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmic rays; neutron stars; ultra high energy photons and neutrinos;
cosmological neutrinos
ID MAGNETIZED NEUTRON-STARS; RADIATION PAIR FRONTS; X-RAY-EMISSION;
COSMIC-RAYS; PULSARS
AB We discuss the relevance of the curvature radiation of pions in strongly magnetized pulsars or magnetars, and their implications for the production of TeV energy neutrinos detectable by cubic kilometer scale detectors, as well as high energy photons.
C1 [Herpay, T.; Patkos, A.] Eotvos Lorand Univ, Inst Phys, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
[Herpay, T.; Patkos, A.] Hungarian Acad Sci, Res Grp Stat & Biol Phys, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
[Razzaque, S.; Meszaros, P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Razzaque, S.; Meszaros, P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Razzaque, S.; Meszaros, P.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Particle Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Razzaque, S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Herpay, T (reprint author), Eotvos Lorand Univ, Inst Phys, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
EM herpaytamas@gmail.com; soeb@astro.psu.edu; patkos@galaxy.elte.hu;
nnp@astro.psu.edu
FU NSF [AST 0307376]; Hungarian Science Foundation OTKA [T046129, T68108]
FX This work was supported in part by NSF AST 0307376 and the Hungarian
Science Foundation OTKA No. T046129 and T68108. SR is currently a
National Research Council Research Associate at the Naval Research
Laboratory. We are grateful to A K Harding and to the referee for useful
comments.
NR 25
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1475-7516
J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P
JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2008
IS 8
AR 025
DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2008/08/025
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 343SO
UT WOS:000258875500025
ER
PT J
AU Matteucci, MJ
Tanen, DA
AF Matteucci, Michael J.
Tanen, David A.
TI A levalbuterol therapeutic misadventure
SO JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Letter
ID ASTHMA
C1 [Matteucci, Michael J.; Tanen, David A.] USN, Ctr Med, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Matteucci, MJ (reprint author), USN, Ctr Med, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0736-4679
J9 J EMERG MED
JI J. Emerg. Med.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 2
BP 209
EP 209
DI 10.1016/j.jemermed.2007.07.069
PG 1
WC Emergency Medicine
SC Emergency Medicine
GA 337ZY
UT WOS:000258475700018
PM 18281181
ER
PT J
AU Hoover, JB
AF Hoover, John B.
TI Application of the CFAST zone model to ships - Fire specification
parameters
SO JOURNAL OF FIRE PROTECTION ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE fire model; zone model; CFAST; model validation; model inputs
AB An analysis of the sensitivity of the Consolidated Fire and Smoke Transport model to several key fire specification parameters has been performed for this paper. Results of simulations of shipboard fires Lire compared with data from full-scale experiments. It was found that reasonable estimates of the fire inputs. with the exception of the smoke and carbon monoxide production parameters, could be obtained from literature values. The soot parameter was found to be critical for accurate temperature predictions, especially in the upper layer.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Hoover, JB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM john.hoover@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research [PE0602121N]
FX The work described in this report was performed by the Chemistry
Division of the Materials Science and Component Technology Directorate,
Naval Research Laboratory. The work was funded by the Office of Naval
Research, Code 334, under the Damage Control Task of the Surface Ship
Hull, Mechanical, and Electrical Technology Program (PE0602121N). The
author wishes to thank Jean Bailey (NRL Code 6183), for her assistance
in performing the CFAST modeling, and Rick Peacock (NIST) for invaluable
assistance in setting up the model inputs and interpreting the results.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 8
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1042-3915
J9 J FIRE PROT ENG
JI J. Fire Prot. Eng.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 18
IS 3
BP 199
EP 222
DI 10.1177/1042391508091342
PG 24
WC Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 339NE
UT WOS:000258583500002
ER
PT J
AU Anguelova, MD
AF Anguelova, Magdalena D.
TI Complex dielectric constant of sea foam at microwave frequencies
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID BREAKING WIND-WAVES; EFFECTIVE PERMITTIVITY; RADIOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS;
DENSE MEDIA; EMISSIVITY; WATER; BUBBLES; OCEAN; MIXTURES; SURFACE
AB We present a systematic investigation of the applicability of a group of mixing rules for obtaining the dielectric constant (permittivity) of sea foam ( whitecaps) at microwave frequencies, 1.4 to 37 GHz. By demonstrating that the foam scattering is weak at these frequencies, we justify our interest in basic mixing rules, which do not involve explicit scattering computation, namely, the Maxwell Garnett, Polder-Van Santen, Coherent potential, Looyenga, and Refractive models. The complex dielectric constant of sea foam obtained with these mixing rules is presented and the dependence of foam permittivity on foam void fraction, radiation frequency, sea surface temperature, and salinity is reported. With the exception of the Coherent potential model, all selected mixing rules give reasonable values for the sea foam dielectric constant. To further examine the suitability of a permittivity model for computing the dielectric constant of sea foam, the performance of each mixing rule is evaluated on the basis of three criteria: (1) how well a permittivity model deals with a wide range of void fractions, (2) how a permittivity model behaves approaching the foam-air and foam-water boundaries, and (3) how the choice of a permittivity model affects estimates of emissivity and brightness temperature due to foam. The suitability of the basic mixing rules for computing the complex dielectric constant of sea foam at microwave frequencies can be ranked as: (1) Refractive model, (2) Looyenga model, (3) Maxwell Garnett model, and (4) Polder-Van Santen model.
C1 USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Anguelova, MD (reprint author), USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, Code 7223,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM maggie.anguelova@nrl.navy.mil
NR 73
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD AUG 1
PY 2008
VL 113
IS C8
AR C08001
DI 10.1029/2007JC004212
PG 22
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 333MD
UT WOS:000258155700001
ER
PT J
AU Masterson, D
AF Masterson, Daniel
TI A discontented diaspora: Japanese Brazilians and the meaning of ethnic
militancy, 1960-1980
SO JOURNAL OF LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Masterson, Daniel] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Masterson, D (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0022-216X
J9 J LAT AM STUD
JI J. Lat. Am. Stud.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 40
BP 589
EP 591
DI 10.1017/S0022216X08004513
PN 3
PG 3
WC Area Studies; Humanities, Multidisciplinary
SC Area Studies; Arts & Humanities - Other Topics
GA 339UZ
UT WOS:000258604100016
ER
PT J
AU Uwakweh, ONC
Agarwala, VS
AF Uwakweh, Oswald N. C.
Agarwala, Vinod S.
TI Mossbauer effect study of room temperature cathodic polarization of
AISI321SS austenitic stainless steel
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
LA English
DT Article
DE AISI-321 austenitic stainless steel; cathodic hydrogen charging;
martensite; Mossbauer spectroscopy
ID MARTENSITIC-TRANSFORMATION; PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; HYDROGEN; CRACKING
AB Room temperature hydrogen charging by cathodic polarization of cold rolled AISI 321SS austenitic stainless steel in appropriate electrolytic medium leads to its decomposition to structural defects and a ferromagnetic alpha'-martensitic phase. The degree of decomposition, and hence the resulting products depends on hydrogen charging time with martensitic transformation yielding up to 14-22% martensite for charging periods of 30 and 96 h, respectively. Based on Mossbauer spectroscopy measurements, the magnetically split portion of the spectra corresponding to the alpha'-martensite phase was resolved in terms of one Fe-site with internal magnetic field in the range of 260-265 +/- 10 kOe. Both the uncharged and retained (after hydrogen charging) austenitic phases were resolved similarly at ambient and sub-ambient cryogenic temperatures. The austenitic phase in both the uncharged and charged states remained stable from ambient down to 4.2 K, where they exhibited singlet broadening suggesting weakly ferro/antifero-magnetic ordering.
C1 [Uwakweh, Oswald N. C.] Univ Puerto Rico, Coll Engn, Dept Engn Sci & Mat, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA.
[Agarwala, Vinod S.] Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA.
RP Uwakweh, ONC (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Coll Engn, Dept Engn Sci & Mat, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA.
EM uwakweh@ece.uprm.edu
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1059-9495
J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM
JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 17
IS 4
BP 561
EP 565
DI 10.1007/s11665-007-9167-3
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 325IO
UT WOS:000257582800013
ER
PT J
AU Yang, J
Wearing, XZ
Le QUesne, PW
Deschamps, JR
Cookery, JM
AF Yang, Jie
Wearing, Xiangyu Z.
Le QUesne, Philip W.
Deschamps, Jeffrey R.
Cookery, James M.
TI Enantiospecific synthesis of (+)-alstonisine via a stereospecific
osmylation process
SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS
LA English
DT Article
ID ARYL RADICAL CYCLIZATIONS; INDOLE ALKALOIDS TALPININE; AJMALINE-RELATED
ALKALOIDS; ARISTOTELIA-TYPE ALKALOIDS; OXINDOLE ALKALOIDS; DIRECTED
DIHYDROXYLATION; ALSTONIA-ANGUSTIFOLIA; GARDNERIA ALKALOIDS;
GENERAL-APPROACH; MACROLINE
AB The first enantiospecific total synthesis of (+)-alstonisine has been accomplished from D-tryptophan methyl ester 13 ill 12% overall yield (in 17 reaction vessels). A diastereospecific osmylation process has been employed as a key step to convert indole 18 into spirocyclic oxindole 19. Mechanistic studies of the stereoselective osmylation of the 2,3-indole double bond of indole alkaloids has been carried Out. Compelling evidence for the intramolecular delivery of OsO(4) via N(b)-complexation was obtained for the osmylation process. The correct structure of (+)-alstonisine (1) was determined by NOE spectroscopic experiments and further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray analysis.
C1 [Yang, Jie; Wearing, Xiangyu Z.; Cookery, James M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
[Le QUesne, Philip W.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Chem, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Cookery, JM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
EM capncook@uwm.edu
OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010
FU NIDA [Y1-DA6002]
FX X-ray crystal lographic studies were supported under NIDA contact
Y1-DA6002. We thank J. Flippen-Anderson and the Office of Naval Research
for the crystal structure of 1, as well as NIDA and NIMH, for support of
this work. This paper is dedicated to Professor Attaur-Rahman for his
seminal contributions to natural products chemistry.
NR 68
TC 34
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0163-3864
J9 J NAT PROD
JI J. Nat. Prod.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 8
BP 1431
EP 1440
DI 10.1021/np800269k
PG 10
WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 340HY
UT WOS:000258637900020
PM 18611051
ER
PT J
AU Kerman, MC
Jiang, W
Blumberg, AF
Buttrey, SE
AF Kerman, M. C.
Jiang, W.
Blumberg, A. F.
Buttrey, S. E.
TI A comparison of robust metamodels for the uncertainty quantification
(UQ) of New York Harbor oceanographic data
SO JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID MODEL
AB This research demonstrates an innovative technique for the uncertainty quantification (UQ) of geophysical data using robust metamodels. Using salinity data supplied by the New York Harbor Observing and Prediction System (NYHOPS), five metrics are compared for seven different UQ methods. Metrics include covariance, correlation, mean error, mean absolute error, and mean absolute percent error. The seven UQ methods include a compromised data set (as the control case), two time-series models (moving average and auto-regression), two regression models (LOESS regression and quantile regression), Bayesian Gaussian Process modelling, and Kalman filtering. Upon examining the metrics computed for a set of 35 random sensors (out of the population of 735 sensors) over a five day period, the quantile regression metamodel is found to be superior to the other methods.
C1 [Kerman, M. C.] Lockheed Martin MS2, Moorestown, NJ USA.
[Jiang, W.] Stevens Inst Technol, Sch Syst & Enterprises, Hoboken, NJ USA.
[Blumberg, A. F.] Stevens Inst Technol, Ctr Maritime Syst, Hoboken, NJ USA.
[Buttrey, S. E.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Kerman, MC (reprint author), Lockheed Martin MS2, Moorestown, NJ USA.
NR 24
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU INST MARINE ENGINEERING, SCI & TECHNOL
PI LONDON
PA 80 COLEMAN ST, LONDON EC2R 5BJ, ENGLAND
SN 1755-876X
J9 J OPER OCEANOGR
JI J. Oper. Oceanogr.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 1
IS 2
BP 3
EP 13
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 509KD
UT WOS:000271014000002
ER
PT J
AU Harris, EB
Booher, K
Flotten, AS
AF Harris, Eric B.
Booher, Kermit
Flotten, Andrew S.
TI Delayed femoral shaft fracture secondary to nail gun injury: A case
report
SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRAUMA
LA English
DT Article
DE nail gun; delayed fracture
ID VELOCITY GUNSHOT WOUNDS; HAND
AB Nail gun injuries are common workplace occurrences among construction workers; however, delayed fractures of the femur after a nail gun injury are not found in the medical literature. We report the case of a patient who presented with such a fracture 3 days after accidentally firing a nail into his thigh. The patient was taken to the operating room for intramedullary nailing, irrigation and debridement, and antibiotic beads. Standard postoperative hospital care was provided, and after 2 days of intravenous antibiotics, the patient was returned to the operating room for removal of the antibiotic beads and a delayed primary closure. At the most recent follow-up, over I year postinjury, he had radiographic healing and was asymptomatic. Although it is difficult to predict whether the stress riser created by a nail gun injury will lead to a fracture, weight-bearing status and the aggressiveness of treatment to prevent infection are factors that need to be carefully considered in patients with this type of injury.
C1 [Harris, Eric B.; Booher, Kermit; Flotten, Andrew S.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
RP Harris, EB (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM ebharris@nmcsd.med.navy.mil
NR 14
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0890-5339
J9 J ORTHOP TRAUMA
JI J. Orthop. Trauma
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 22
IS 7
BP 501
EP 503
PG 3
WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences
SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences
GA 334SI
UT WOS:000258241100012
PM 18670293
ER
PT J
AU Petilon, J
Hardenbrook, M
Sukovich, W
AF Petilon, Julio
Hardenbrook, Mitchell
Sukovich, William
TI The effect of parallax on intraoperative positioning of the Charite'
artificial disc
SO JOURNAL OF SPINAL DISORDERS & TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
DE total disc replacement; fluoroscopy; parallax; disc position; surgical
technique; intraoperative imaging; lumbar spine
ID CLINICAL-OUTCOMES; REPLACEMENT; ARTHROPLASTY; ACCURACY
AB Study Design: Fluoroscopy imaging evaluation for total disc arthroplasty.
Objectives: To describe the effect of fluoroscopic parallax on the relative position of the Charite and identify the most reliable method for evaluating intraoperative disc position.
Summary of Background Data: Results of the Investigational Device Exemption study revealed that clinical outcomes of the Charite artificial disc correlated with accurate placement of the prosthesis. This is the first study to quantitatively evaluate the technique of intraoperative fluoroscopy during positioning of an artificial lumbar disc.
Methods: A Charite artificial disc (DePuy Spine, Raynham, MA) was implanted at the L5-S1 disc space of a radiopaque lumbar spine model in ideal position. A true anteroposterior fluoroscopic image of the L5-S1 disc space was obtained as were additional images as the central ray was moved to the left and right in 1 cm increments and with rotation at 1, 2, and 3 degrees. Images were also evaluated on a poorly placed and minimally displaced disc. Measurements of the distances from the middle tooth of the endplates to the anatomic center (spinous process) and alternative measurements for evaluating disc position were examined from computer-enhanced images.
Results: An ideally placed prosthesis appeared more displaced with increasing rotation and distance of the C-arm away from center when the spinous process was used as the midline reference. As little as 3 degrees of rotation of the fluoroscopic ray from the true anteroposterior image, made an ideally placed disc appear in poor position. Conversely, a poorly placed disc seemed to be in ideal position. Calculated displacement using measurements off the vertebral bodies remained more constant. Calculated displacement of an ideally placed prosthesis fell within 2 mm whereas all poorly placed discs had calculated differences greater than 4 mm.
Conclusions: The spinous process is an unreliable anatomic midline marker. In contrast, the borders of the vertebral bodies can more reliably be used to calculate the displacement of the prosthesis from centerline to determine prosthesis position. Fluoroscopic parallax can cause an ideally placed prosthesis to appear more displaced with increasing rotation and distance away from the true anteroposterior image. The spinous process was determined to be an unreliable midline marker. The vertebral borders provided a more dependable anatomic reference point to establish the disc-space midline.
C1 [Petilon, Julio; Hardenbrook, Mitchell; Sukovich, William] USN, Med Ctr, Bone & Joint Inst, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
[Petilon, Julio; Hardenbrook, Mitchell; Sukovich, William] USN, Med Corps, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
[Sukovich, William] Spinal Surg Associates PLC, Charlottesville, VA USA.
RP Petilon, J (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Bone & Joint Inst, Dept Orthopaed Surg, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
EM juliopetilon@hotmail.com
FU The Chief, Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Washington, DC, Clinical
Investigation Program
FX The Chief, Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Washington, DC, Clinical
Investigation Program sponsored this study (P06-037). The views
expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect
the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy,
Department of Defense, of the United States Government.
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1536-0652
J9 J SPINAL DISORD TECH
JI J. Spinal Disord. Tech.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 21
IS 6
BP 422
EP 429
DI 10.1097/BSD.0b013e31815708a6
PG 8
WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics
GA 337UN
UT WOS:000258461100009
PM 18679098
ER
PT J
AU Summers, JE
AF Summers, Jason E.
TI What exactly is meant by the term "auralization?"
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 USN, Res Lab, Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Summers, JE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Acoust Div, Code 7142, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RI Summers, Jason/K-3142-2012
OI Summers, Jason/0000-0002-9247-7900
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
EI 1520-8524
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 124
IS 2
BP 697
EP 697
DI 10.1121/1.2945708
PG 1
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 334OG
UT WOS:000258230500010
PM 18681507
ER
PT J
AU Chen, XM
Means, SL
Szymczak, WG
Rogers, JCW
AF Chen, Xuemei
Means, Steven L.
Szymczak, William G.
Rogers, Joel C. W.
TI Coupled hydrodynamic-acoustic modeling of sound generated by impacting
cylindrical water jets
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID BREAKING WAVES; AMBIENT NOISE; AIR ENTRAINMENT; BUBBLE CLOUDS;
VOID-FRACTION; OCEAN; SPECTRA; SURFACE; FIELD; SALT
AB A coupled hydrodynamic-acoustic model describing acoustic propagation in a fluid containing multiple bubbles is proposed and applied to simulate noise generated by impacting water jets. The total pressure is decomposed into a "hydrodynamic" part and an "acoustic" part and computed using different schemes. The hydrodynamic pressure field is calculated independently using a generalized hydrodynamic model, and the pressure variations serve as sources in the wave equation for the acoustic pressure. A numerical algorithm developed to calculate wave propagation in an irregular region is used to account for the existence of the cavities. Noise generated by the impact of two cylindrical water jets is predicted. The computed near-field pressure is compared with the experimental data. (C) 2008 Acoustical Society of America.
C1 [Chen, Xuemei; Means, Steven L.; Szymczak, William G.] USN, Res Lab, Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Rogers, Joel C. W.] Polytech Univ, Dept Math, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA.
RP Chen, XM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM xuemeichn@yahoo.com
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 5
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 124
IS 2
BP 841
EP 850
DI 10.1121/1.2936366
PG 10
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 334OG
UT WOS:000258230500025
PM 18681576
ER
PT J
AU Romano, AJ
Bucaro, JA
Dey, S
AF Romano, Anthony J.
Bucaro, Joseph A.
Dey, Saikat
TI Defect detection and localization in orthotropic wood slabs by inversion
of dynamic surface displacements
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID PLATES
AB The nondestructive evaluation inversion and generalized force-mapping techniques developed and demonstrated for isotropic thin plates by Bucaro [(2004). "Detection and localization of inclusions in plates using inversion of point actuated surface displacements," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 115, 201-206] are extended to the case of orthotropic plates. The extended techniques are applied to a finite-element generated numerical database for point excited wooden slabs with and without an internal defect at 5 and 10 kHz. Operation of the original isotropic algorithms on the wood surface displacements is shown to fail in recovering the uniform elastic parameters or in detecting and locating the defect. The new algorithms based on the wave equation for a thin, orthotropic plate successfully convert the surface displacements on the uniform wooden slab to elastic parameter maps which serve to detect and localize the defect in the flawed plate. The results, particularly at the higher frequency, indicate that the onset of failure in the thin plate approximation impacts both the inversion and the generalized force-mapping accuracy. However, in this case use of the inversion algorithm to obtain modified wave equation coefficients followed by operation of the force-mapping algorithm with these new parameters inserted is shown to successfully mitigate this effect. (c) 2008 Acoustical Society of America.
C1 [Bucaro, Joseph A.] SET Inc, Springfield, VA 22150 USA.
[Romano, Anthony J.] USN, Res Lab, Phys Acoust Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Dey, Saikat] SFA Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA.
RP Bucaro, JA (reprint author), SET Inc, Springfield, VA 22150 USA.
EM bucaro@pa.nrl.navy.mil
NR 18
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 6
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 124
IS 2
BP 918
EP 925
DI 10.1121/1.2945706
PG 8
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 334OG
UT WOS:000258230500033
PM 18681584
ER
PT J
AU Funk, DJ
Luian, E
Moretti, EW
Davies, J
Young, CC
Patel, MB
Vaslef, SN
AF Funk, Duane J.
Luian, Eugenio
Moretti, Eugene W.
Davies, John
Young, Christopher C.
Patel, Mayur B.
Vaslef, Steven N.
TI A brief report: The use of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation for
severe pulmonary contusion
SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 20th Annual Meeting of the Eastern-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma
CY JAN 16-20, 2007
CL Ft Myers, FL
SP Eastern Assoc Surg Trauma
DE high frequency oscillatory ventilation; acute respiratory distress
syndrome; pulmonary contusion; linear mixed model
ID RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS-SYNDROME; ACUTE LUNG INJURY; CONVENTIONAL
MECHANICAL VENTILATION; FLAIL CHEST; TRAUMA PATIENTS; RISK-FACTORS;
TRIAL; RECRUITMENT; ADULTS; ARDS
AB Background: Severe pulmonary contusions are a common cause of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and are associated with significant morbidity. High frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) is a ventilatory mode that employs a lung protective strategy consistent with the ARDSNet low tidal volume ventilation strategy and may result in reduced morbidity. The objective of this report is to examine the impact of HFOV on blunt trauma patients with severe pulmonary contusions who failed or were at a high risk of failing conventional mechanical ventilation.
Methods: We undertook a retrospective chart review of all patients at our institution who received HFOV for severe pulmonary contusions. Patients were placed on HFOV when their mean airway pressure (mP(aw)) surpassed 30 cm H(2)O and their FIO(2) was greater than 0.6. Baseline demographic data including injury severity score (ISS), length of time requiring HFOV, total ventilator days, and inhospital mortality were collected. Serial determinations of oxygenation index (OI) and the PAO(2)/FIO(2) ratio (P/F) were made up to 72 hours after initiation of HFOV. A linear mixed model was used to analyze the slope (beta) of the regression line of P/F versus time and that of OI versus time.
Results: Seventeen patients were identified who underwent HFOV for ARDS due primarily to pulmonary contusions. Mean ISS was 36.6, mean APACHE II score was 21.7, and the mean time before initiation of HFOV was 2.0 days. P/F increased significantly after HFOV was initiated (beta = 12. 1; 95 % confidence interval 7.9 to 16.4,p < 0.001). OI significantly decreased after HFOV implementation beta = -1.8; 95% confidence interval -2.3 to -1.3, p < 0.001). Mortality rate was 17.6%.
Conclusions: The early use of HFOV appears to be safe and efficacious in blunt trauma patients sustaining pulmonary contusions, and results in a rapid improvement in OI and the P/F ratio.
C1 [Patel, Mayur B.; Vaslef, Steven N.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Sect Trauma & Crit Care, Div Gen Surg,Dept Surg, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
[Funk, Duane J.; Moretti, Eugene W.; Young, Christopher C.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Crit Care Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
[Luian, Eugenio] USN, Div Crit Care Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[Davies, John] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Pulm Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
RP Vaslef, SN (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Sect Trauma & Crit Care, Div Gen Surg,Dept Surg, Box 102345, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
EM vasle001@mc.duke.edu
RI Patel, Mayur/K-2363-2013
NR 33
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 1
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0022-5282
J9 J TRAUMA
JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 65
IS 2
BP 390
EP 395
DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e31817f283f
PG 6
WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery
SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery
GA 337US
UT WOS:000258461600031
PM 18695477
ER
PT J
AU Devlin, JJ
Platt, GW
Dabulis, SA
AF Devlin, John J.
Platt, Gerald W.
Dabulis, Stephanie A.
TI Untitled
SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE
LA English
DT Letter
ID CENTRAL VENOUS-PRESSURE; HEMORRHAGIC-SHOCK; VASOPRESSIN; ULTRASOUND;
RESUSCITATION
C1 [Devlin, John J.; Platt, Gerald W.; Dabulis, Stephanie A.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
RP Devlin, JJ (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0022-5282
J9 J TRAUMA
JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 65
IS 2
BP 498
EP 499
PG 2
WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery
SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery
GA 337US
UT WOS:000258461600061
PM 18695497
ER
PT J
AU Cooper, DE
L'Esperance, JO
Christman, MS
Auge, BK
AF Cooper, Daniel E.
L'Esperance, James O.
Christman, Matthew S.
Auge, Brian K.
TI Testis cancer: A 20-year epidemiological review of the experience at a
regional military medical facility
SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE testis; neoplasms; germ cell and embryonal; testicular neoplasms;
epidemiology; military personnel
ID TESTICULAR CANCER; PERSONNEL
AB Purpose: Testis cancer is the most common solid malignancy in the young adult population and the incidence in this population is increasing. We present a 20-year epidemiological review of testis cancers treated at our institution.
Materials and Methods: The records of testis cancer cases diagnosed between January 1988 and June 2007 were reviewed. Patient demographics, cancer histology and stage, adjuvant therapy, temporal trends and survival data are presented. Our experience was compared to trends published in the SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results) database and the National Cancer Database.
Results: A total of 338 testis cancers (330 germ cell tumors) were diagnosed during the study period. Median patient age at diagnosis was 26.6 years vs 34 in the SEER database. We observed a temporal increase in stage I tumors (57% to 75%) and a decrease in the proportion of seminomas (52% to 43%) during the study period. In terms of adjuvant therapy for stage I seminoma the use of radiotherapy decreased (91% to 75%), while the use of chemotherapy increased (1.5% to 7.5%). For stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumors the use of adjuvant chemotherapy increased (12% to 20%), while the use of staging retroperitoneal lymph node dissection decreased (88% to 63%). Five-year cancer specific survival was 97.7%.
Conclusions: We are seeing an increase in localized disease at diagnosis, an increase in surveillance for stage I disease and 5-year survival in excess of 95%, similar to data in SEER and the National Cancer Database. However, unlike in SEER and the National Cancer Database, our patients are younger, we are seeing less seminoma and we are performing significantly more staging retroperitoneal lymph node dissection.
C1 [Cooper, Daniel E.; L'Esperance, James O.; Christman, Matthew S.; Auge, Brian K.] USN Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
RP Cooper, DE (reprint author), USN Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Urol, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM daniel.e.cooper@med.navy.mil
NR 12
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0022-5347
J9 J UROLOGY
JI J. Urol.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 180
IS 2
BP 577
EP 581
DI 10.1016/j.juro.2008.04.032
PG 5
WC Urology & Nephrology
SC Urology & Nephrology
GA 325LE
UT WOS:000257589600052
PM 18554661
ER
PT J
AU Libove, JM
Illingworth, BR
Chacko, SJ
Levitt, HL
AF Libove, Joel M.
Illingworth, Brendan R.
Chacko, Steven J.
Levitt, Hal L.
TI Monolithic sampler/pulser architecture exceeds 100 GHz
SO MICROWAVE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
AB Ultra-fast 100 GHz electrical sampling gates ("samplers") with, aperture widths of 7 picoseconds, and pulse generators ("pulsers"),with usable output energy extending to over 150 GHz, have both recently been. demonstrated using a new, low-cost, fully monolithic "Rapid Automatic Cascode Exchange" (RACE) IC circuit architecture. I These samplers, cast in Indium Phosphide (InP) DHBT and SiGe HBT IC processes, achieve comparable bandwidths to expensive hybrid sample/pulser approaches, but with higher repetition rate and greatly reduced cost, size and power This circuit architecture's minute size further allows integration of multiple inherently-matched samplers and pulsers on a single IC, enabling small, low-cost microwave system. solutions in ultra-wideband (UWB) communications, radar, satellite up- and down-conversion, network/spectrum analysis and spectroscopy, direct RF synthesis and acquisition, time-gated imaging and near zero-cost physical layer (PHY) analysis integrated into networking chips.
C1 [Libove, Joel M.; Illingworth, Brendan R.; Chacko, Steven J.] Furaw Inc, Orinda, CA USA.
[Levitt, Hal L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Libove, JM (reprint author), Furaw Inc, Orinda, CA USA.
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU HORIZON HOUSE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI NORWOOD
PA 685 CANTON ST, NORWOOD, MA 02062 USA
SN 0192-6225
J9 MICROWAVE J
JI Microw. J.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 51
IS 8
BP 86
EP +
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 344EE
UT WOS:000258908100016
ER
PT J
AU Krowne, CM
AF Krowne, Clifford M.
TI Dear Nancy
SO MICROWAVES & RF
LA English
DT Letter
C1 USN, Res Lab, Microwave Technol Branch, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Krowne, CM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Microwave Technol Branch, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM cliff.krowne@nrl.navy.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU PENTON MEDIA, INC
PI CLEVELAND
PA 1300 E 9TH ST., STE 262D, CLEVELAND, OH 44114 USA
SN 0745-2993
J9 MICROWAVES RF
JI Microw. RF
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 8
BP 13
EP 13
PG 1
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 338GR
UT WOS:000258495000001
ER
PT J
AU Taylor, MK
Markham, AE
Reis, JP
Padilla, GA
Potterat, EG
Drummond, SPA
Mujica-Parodi, LR
AF Taylor, Marcus K.
Markham, Amanda E.
Reis, Jared P.
Padilla, Genieleah A.
Potterat, Eric G.
Drummond, Sean P. A.
Mujica-Parodi, Lilianne R.
TI Physical fitness influences stress reactions to extreme military
training
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID DENTATE GYRUS; EXERCISE; TRAUMA; DISORDER; EXPOSURE; HEALTH;
VULNERABILITY; NEUROGENESIS; DEPRESSION; HARDINESS
AB Background: Physical fitness and physical conditioning have long been valued by the military for their roles in enhancing mission-specific performance and reducing risk of injury in the warfighter. It is not known whether physical fitness plays a causal role in attenuating acute military stress reactions or the evolution of post-traumatic stress disorder. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether physical fitness influences the impact of stressful events during military survival training in 31 men. Methods: Participants self-reported their most recent Physical Readiness Test scores and completed a trait anxiety measure before survival training. Participants also completed the Impact of Events Scale (IES) 24 hours after training. Results: Aerobic fitness was inversely associated with the total IES score (p < 0.01, adjusted R-2 = 0.19). When adjusted for trait anxiety, this relationship was substantially attenuated and no longer significant (p = 0.11). Trait anxiety was inversely associated with aerobic fitness (p < 0.05) and positively related to IES (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Physical fitness may buffer stress symptoms secondary to extreme military stress and its effects may be mediated via fitness-related attenuations in trait anxiety.
C1 [Taylor, Marcus K.; Padilla, Genieleah A.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Warfighter Performance 162, Stress Physiol Res Core, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
[Reis, Jared P.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
[Potterat, Eric G.] USN, Special Warfare Ctr, San Diego, CA 92155 USA.
[Drummond, Sean P. A.] Vet Affairs San Diego Healthcare Syst, La Jolla, CA 92161 USA.
[Mujica-Parodi, Lilianne R.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biomed Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RP Taylor, MK (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Warfighter Performance 162, Stress Physiol Res Core, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
EM marc.taylor@med.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research Award [Award N0001406WX20141]; Center for
Security Forces-SERE West (San Diego, CA)
FX The source of funding for this work was Office of Naval Research Award
N0001406WX20141. This research has been conducted in compliance with all
applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human
subjects in research.; Appreciation is extended to Michelle Stoia for
editorial expertise and to Sue Sobanski for fiscal expertise. Special
appreciation is also extended to the students and staff at the
Helicopter Squadron 10, Helicopter Squadron 41, and the Naval Special
Warfare Center, San Diego, California. Finally, we wish to thank Center
for Security Forces-SERE West (San Diego, CA) for support of our
research and for "training the best for the worst."
NR 34
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 4
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 8
BP 738
EP 742
PG 5
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 337DS
UT WOS:000258416300005
PM 18751589
ER
PT J
AU Lee, R
Crum-Cianflone, N
AF Lee, Rachel
Crum-Cianflone, Nancy
TI Increasing incidence and severity of coccidioidomycosis at a naval air
station
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Symposium on Coccidiodomycosis
CY AUG 23-26, 2006
CL Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA
SP Coccidiodomycos Study Grp, Vally Fever Ctr Excellence, Univ Calf San Diego
HO Stanford Univ
ID IMMITIS-ENDEMIC AREA; SYMPTOMATIC COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS; RISK-FACTORS;
CALIFORNIA; OUTBREAK; ARIZONA; DISEASE; EPIDEMIOLOGY
AB Background: Increasing rates of coccidioidomycosis among the general population are being described. Given the large number of military personnel stationed and training in endemic areas, data regarding infection trends among military members would be informative. Methods: We performed a retrospective epidemiological study concerning the incidence and severity of clinical cases of coccidioidomycosis at a naval base located in an endemic area in California. Results: Eighty-two military beneficiaries at the base were diagnosed with coccidioidomycosis from January 2002 to December 2006. Among active duty personnel, the rate of coccidioidomycosis rose 10-fold during the 5-year study period: 29.88 to 313.71 cases per 100,000 person-years. The incidence of coccidioidal infections occurring in active duty members was higher than other military beneficiaries at the base. The median age of patients with a coccidioidal infection was 28 years, and 73% were male. Sixty-six had primary pulmonary disease and 14 had disseminated disease; data were unavailable for two cases. The number of disseminated cases increased significantly over time; by 2006, 30% of the diagnosed cases were disseminated disease. Among cases of dissemination, 43% occurred among Caucasian/non-Hispanics. Disseminated disease was associated with high complement fixation titers and a more recent year of diagnosis. Although the sample size was small, we found no differences in rates of disseminated disease by race, likely due to the large number of cases among Caucasians. Conclusions: Coccidioidomycosis incidence rates have significantly increased during the last 5 years among military beneficiaries. Active duty members were more likely to develop coccidioidomycosis than dependents or retirees, perhaps related to the number and intensity of exposures in this group.
C1 [Lee, Rachel] USN Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Lemoore Naval Air Stn, Lemoore, CA USA.
[Crum-Cianflone, Nancy] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
RP Lee, R (reprint author), USN Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Lemoore Naval Air Stn, Lemoore, CA USA.
FU NIAID NIH HHS [HU0001-05-2-0011]; PHS HHS [HU0001-05-2-0011]
NR 30
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 2
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 8
BP 769
EP 775
PG 7
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 337DS
UT WOS:000258416300011
PM 18751595
ER
PT J
AU Plurad, D
Blaschke, G
Jones, S
Pfeiffer, J
AF Plurad, David
Blaschke, Gregoty
Jones, Shari
Pfeiffer, James
TI A case of malignant hyperthermia in a child encountered during a
humanitarian assistance mission to the Philippines
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID SUSCEPTIBILITY
AB Potentially fatal operating room events have become largely preventable with advances in anesthesia and surgical technique. Nonetheless, some lethal emergencies remain unpredictable and can occur whenever general anesthesia is given. We describe a case of malignant hyperthermia encountered and treated during surgical operations concurrent with an overseas humanitarian assistance mission. This case highlights the clinical diversity of malignant hyperthemia as well as the importance of preparation for any potential adverse event wherever trigger agents may be used from the mundane to exotic locales.
C1 [Plurad, David] LAC, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA.
[Plurad, David] USC, Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA.
[Blaschke, Gregoty] USN Hosp, Dept Pediat, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Jones, Shari] USN Hosp, Dept Anesthesia, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Pfeiffer, James] 3rd Med Grp, Elmendorf AFB, AK 99506 USA.
RP Plurad, D (reprint author), LAC, Dept Surg, 1200 N State St,Room 6341, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA.
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 8
BP 805
EP 808
PG 4
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 337DS
UT WOS:000258416300018
PM 18751602
ER
PT J
AU Santiago, C
Lucha, PA
AF Santiago, Camilo
Lucha, Paul A.
TI Atypical presentation of a retrorectal ancient schwannoma: A case report
and review of the literature
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID TUMORS; RETROPERITONEAL
AB Retrorectal tumors are rare and frequently present either incidentally or with vague symptoms. Schwannomas of the presacral region are one variant described as benign tumors of neurogenic origin. The "ancient degenerative variant" is uncommonly reported. We present the case of a 37-year-old man presenting with symptoms of left renal colic, impotence, and left trochanteric pain. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis showed a presacral mass with cystic changes and calcifications consistent with a schwannoma. The patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy with resection of the tumor, which subsequent analysis showed to be a schwannoma with ancient degenerative changes.
C1 [Santiago, Camilo] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
[Lucha, Paul A.] USN, Med Ctr, Div Colon & Rectal Surg, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
RP Santiago, C (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 8
BP 814
EP 816
PG 3
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 337DS
UT WOS:000258416300020
PM 18751604
ER
PT J
AU Musgrave, KD
Davis, CA
Montgomery, MT
AF Musgrave, K. D.
Davis, C. A.
Montgomery, M. T.
TI Numerical simulations of the formation of Hurricane Gabrielle (2001)
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID LIVED MESOCONVECTIVE VORTICES; TROPICAL CYCLONE FORMATION; PLANETARY
BOUNDARY-LAYER; VORTEX ROSSBY-WAVES; POTENTIAL-VORTICITY; DIANA 1984;
PART II; CYCLOGENESIS; ENVIRONMENT; GENESIS
AB This study examines the formation of Hurricane Gabrielle ( 2001), focusing on whether an initial disturbance and vertical wind shear were favorable for development. This examination is performed by running numerical experiments using the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University-National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (MM5). Gabrielle is chosen as an interesting case to study since it formed in the subtropics only a few days before making landfall in Florida. Three simulations are run: a control run and two sensitivity experiments. The control run is compared with observations to establish the closeness of the model output to Gabrielle's observed formation. The two sensitivity experiments are designed to test the response of the developing tropical cyclone to alterations in the initial conditions. The first sensitivity experiment removes the initial ( or precursor) disturbance, a midtropospheric vortex located over Florida. The second sensitivity experiment reduces the vertical wind shear over the area of formation. The control run produces a system comparable to Gabrielle. The convection in the control run is consistently located downshear of the center of circulation. In the first sensitivity experiment, with the removal of the initial disturbance, no organized system develops. This indicates the importance of the midtropospheric vortex in Gabrielle's formation. The second sensitivity experiment, which reduces the vertical wind shear over the area of Gabrielle's formation, produces a system that can be identified as Gabrielle. This system, however, is weaker than both the control run and the observations of Gabrielle. This study provides direct evidence of a favorable influence of modest vertical wind shear on the formation of a tropical cyclone in this case.
C1 [Musgrave, K. D.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Davis, C. A.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Montgomery, M. T.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Musgrave, KD (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM kate@atmos.coostate.edu
NR 39
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 136
IS 8
BP 3151
EP 3167
DI 10.1175/2007MWR2110.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 337QN
UT WOS:000258450700019
ER
PT J
AU Parameswaran, AD
Provencher, MT
Bach, BR
Verma, N
Romeo, AA
AF Parameswaran, A. Dushi
Provencher, Matthew T.
Bach, Bernard R., Jr.
Verma, Nikhil
Romeo, Anthony A.
TI Humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament: Injury pattern and
arthroscopic repair techniques
SO ORTHOPEDICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ANTERIOR SHOULDER INSTABILITY; HAGL LESION; RECURRENT DISLOCATION;
BANKART; JOINT; CAPSULE
C1 [Provencher, Matthew T.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped Surg, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Parameswaran, A. Dushi; Bach, Bernard R., Jr.; Verma, Nikhil; Romeo, Anthony A.] Rush Univ, Dept Orthoped Surg, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
RP Provencher, MT (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped Surg, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr Ste 112, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
NR 29
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU SLACK INC
PI THOROFARE
PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA
SN 0147-7447
J9 ORTHOPEDICS
JI Orthopedics
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 31
IS 8
BP 773
EP 779
PG 7
WC Orthopedics
SC Orthopedics
GA 336DB
UT WOS:000258343400009
PM 18714772
ER
PT J
AU Halterman, K
Feng, SM
AF Halterman, Klaus
Feng, Simin
TI Resonant transmission of electromagnetic fields through subwavelength
zero-epsilon slits
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID REFRACTION
AB We theoretically investigate the transmission of electromagnetic radiation through a metal plate with a zero-e metamaterial slit, where the permittivity tends towards zero over a given bandwidth. Our analytic results demonstrate that the transmission coefficient can be substantial for a broad range of slit geometries, including subwavelength widths that are many wavelengths long. This resonant effect has features quite unlike the Fabry-Perot-like resonances that have been observed in conductors with deep channels. We further reveal that ultranarrow zero-c channels can have significantly greater transmission compared to slits with no wave impedance difference across them.
C1 [Halterman, Klaus; Feng, Simin] USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Phys, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
RP Halterman, K (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Div Phys, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
RI Halterman, Klaus/G-3826-2012;
OI Halterman, Klaus/0000-0002-6355-3134
FU NAVAIR's ILIR program; ARSC at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks
FX This work was supported by NAVAIR's ILIR program sponsored by ONR and by
a grant of HPC resources from ARSC at the University of Alaska,
Fairbanks, as part of the DOD HPCMP.
NR 20
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9926
EI 2469-9934
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 2
AR 021805
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.78.021805
PN A
PG 4
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 349EF
UT WOS:000259263400021
ER
PT J
AU Battaglia, C
Aebi, P
Erwin, SC
AF Battaglia, Corsin
Aebi, Philipp
Erwin, Steven C.
TI Stability and structure of atomic chains on Si(111)
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID AB-INITIO THEORY; SURFACE RECONSTRUCTION; SILICON; METALS; MODEL
AB We study the stability and structure of self-assembled atomic chains on Si(111) induced by monovalent, divalent, and trivalent adsorbates, using first-principles total-energy calculations and scanning tunneling microscopy. We find that only structures containing exclusively silicon honeycomb or silicon Seiwatz chains are thermodynamically stable, while mixed configurations, with both honeycomb and Seiwatz chains, may be kinetically stable.
C1 [Battaglia, Corsin; Aebi, Philipp] Univ Neuchatel, Inst Phys, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland.
[Erwin, Steven C.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Battaglia, C (reprint author), Univ Neuchatel, Inst Phys, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland.
EM corsin.battaglia@unine.ch
RI Erwin, Steven/B-1850-2009; Battaglia, Corsin/B-2917-2010
FU Fonds National Suisse pour la Recherche Scientifique through Division
II; MaNEP; U.S. Office of Naval Research
FX We thank Franz J. Himpsel for stimulating discussions. The help of
Leslie-Anne Fendt, Samuel Hoffmann, Claude Monney, and Christoph Walther
is gratefully acknowledged. Skillful technical assistance was provided
by our workshop and electric engineering team. This work was supported
by the Fonds National Suisse pour la Recherche Scientifique through
Division II, MaNEP, and the U.S. Office of Naval Research. Computations
were performed at the DoD Major Shared Resource Center at ASC.
NR 33
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 7
AR 075409
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.075409
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 351EG
UT WOS:000259406700090
ER
PT J
AU Mazin, II
Johannes, MD
Boeri, L
Koepernik, K
Singh, DJ
AF Mazin, I. I.
Johannes, M. D.
Boeri, L.
Koepernik, K.
Singh, D. J.
TI Problems with reconciling density functional theory calculations with
experiment in ferropnictides
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; INSTABILITY; ORDER
AB First-principles calculations of magnetic and, to a lesser extent, electronic properties of the LaFeAsO-based superconductors show substantial apparent controversy, as opposed to most weakly or strongly correlated materials. Not only do different reports disagree about quantitative values but there is also a schism in terms of interpreting the basic physics of the magnetic interactions in this system. In this paper, we present a systematic analysis using four different first-principles methods and show that while there is an unusual sensitivity to computational details, well-converged full-potential all-electron results are fully consistent among themselves. What makes results so sensitive and the system so different from simple local magnetic moments interacting via basic superexchange mechanisms is the itinerant character of the calculated magnetic ground state, where very soft magnetic moments and long-range interactions are characterized by a particular structure in the reciprocal (as opposed to real) space. Therefore, unravelling the magnetic interactions in their full richness remains a challenging but utterly important task.
C1 [Mazin, I. I.; Johannes, M. D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Boeri, L.] Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
[Koepernik, K.] IFW Dresden, D-01171 Dresden, Germany.
[Singh, D. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Mazin, II (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6693, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RI Singh, David/I-2416-2012; Mazin, Igor/B-6576-2008; Boeri,
Lilia/B-6162-2015
OI Boeri, Lilia/0000-0003-1186-2207
FU Office of Naval Research; BES, Division of Materials Sciences and
Engineering, Department of Energy
FX Work at NRL was supported by the Office of Naval Research. Work at ORNL
was supported by the BES, Division of Materials Sciences and
Engineering, Department of Energy. We would like to thank S. Massida for
alerting us to a crucial error in one of our figures.
NR 40
TC 286
Z9 292
U1 2
U2 31
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 8
AR 085104
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.085104
PG 7
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 351EI
UT WOS:000259406900017
ER
PT J
AU Mazin, II
Singh, DJ
Johannes, MD
Du, MH
AF Mazin, I. I.
Singh, D. J.
Johannes, M. D.
Du, M. H.
TI Unconventional superconductivity with a sign reversal in the order
parameter of LaFeAsO(1-x)F(x)
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ANTIFERROMAGNETIC SPIN-FLUCTUATION; YBA2CU3O7
AB We argue that the newly discovered superconductivity in a nearly magnetic, Fe-based layered compound is unconventional and mediated by antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations, though different from the usual superexchange and specific to this compound. This resulting state is an example of extended s-wave pairing with a sign reversal of the order parameter between different Fermi surface sheets. The main role of doping in this scenario is to lower the density of states and suppress the pair-breaking ferromagnetic fluctuations.
C1 [Mazin, I. I.; Johannes, M. D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Singh, D. J.; Du, M. H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Mazin, II (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6393, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RI Du, Mao-Hua/B-2108-2010; Singh, David/I-2416-2012; Mazin,
Igor/B-6576-2008
OI Du, Mao-Hua/0000-0001-8796-167X;
NR 14
TC 1747
Z9 1764
U1 23
U2 176
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 1
PY 2008
VL 101
IS 5
AR 057003
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.057003
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 336SK
UT WOS:000258384700047
PM 18764420
ER
PT J
AU Jensen, KL
Lau, YY
Feldman, DW
O'Shea, PG
AF Jensen, Kevin L.
Lau, Y. Y.
Feldman, D. W.
O'Shea, P. G.
TI Electron emission contributions to dark current and its relation to
microscopic field enhancement and heating in accelerator structures
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS
LA English
DT Article
ID VACUUM MICROELECTRONICS; THERMIONIC EMISSION; VOLTAGE BREAKDOWN;
CATHODES; PHOTOEMISSION; EMITTERS; ENERGY; SEMICONDUCTORS; PERFORMANCE;
MOLYBDENUM
AB Analytically tractable models of thermal-field emission, field enhancement, and heating mechanisms ( Nottingham and resistive) are developed and combined to make estimates of the fields and temperatures that accompany the development and growth of asperities. The relation of asperity dimensions to dark current is discussed in two experimentally motivated examples. The hypothetical relation of microscopic sources of dark current and heating to breakdown is discussed in the context of Nottingham and resistive heating. The latter are estimated using a general thermal-field methodology. A point-charge model is used to find field enhancement factors. Last, a thermal model is used to estimate the temperature dependence of the resistivity and thermal conductivity. Together, these models suggest that conditions can arise in which the temperature at the apex of an asperity can experience growth and contribute to melting or fracture (or both), and that Nottingham heating generally dominates the resistive heating term.
C1 [Jensen, Kevin L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Lau, Y. Y.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Feldman, D. W.; O'Shea, P. G.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Jensen, KL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RI Jensen, Kevin/I-1269-2015
OI Jensen, Kevin/0000-0001-8644-1680
NR 75
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-4402
J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC
JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 11
IS 8
AR 081001
DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.11.081001
PG 17
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 350LE
UT WOS:000259353100002
ER
PT J
AU Colombant, D
Manheimer, W
AF Colombant, Denis
Manheimer, Wallace
TI The development of a Krook model for nonlocal transport in laser
produced plasmas. II. Application of the theory and comparisons with
other models
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID STEEP TEMPERATURE-GRADIENTS; ELECTRON HEAT-TRANSPORT
AB This paper incorporates the Krook model for nonlocal transport into a fluid simulation. It uses these fluid simulations to compare with Fokker-Planck simulations and also with a recent NRL NIKE [S. P. Obenschain et al., Phys. Plasmas 3, 2098 (1996)] experiment. The paper also examines several other models for electron energy transport that have been used in laser fusion research. With regards to the comparison with Fokker-Planck simulation, the Krook model gives better agreement, especially in the time asymptotic limit. With regards to the NRL experiment, all models except one give reasonable agreement. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Colombant, Denis; Manheimer, Wallace] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
RP Colombant, D (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
FU U.S. DOE/NNSA
FX We would like to thank Dr. Andy Schmitt and Dr. Jean Pierre Matte for
useful discussions.; This work was supported by U.S. DOE/NNSA.
NR 12
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 15
IS 8
AR 083104
DI 10.1063/1.2963080
PG 9
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 351TN
UT WOS:000259448900057
ER
PT J
AU Davis, J
Petrov, GM
AF Davis, J.
Petrov, G. M.
TI Influence of prepulse plasma formation on neutron production from the
laser-target interaction
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID ENERGY ION GENERATION; OVERDENSE PLASMAS; ABSORPTION; PULSE
AB The interaction of an intense ultrashort pulse laser with a planar uniform target was studied with a two-dimensional relativistic electromagnetic particle-in-cell method to determine the acceleration of deuterons and production of neutrons. A Au-CD(2) double-layer planar target with thickness of similar to 1 mu m and a preplasma of variable length was used to generate high-energy deuterons as a precursor for neutron production. The deuteron energy and angular distributions and the neutron production from D(d,n)- (3)He nuclear fusion reactions were studied as a function of the preplasma scale length and target thickness. For very thin (submicron) targets the preplasma increases the neutron yield only marginally, but for realistic targets with thickness of a few microns the preplasma enhances the neutron yield by two orders of magnitude. Both the average deuteron energy and neutron yield peak at an optimum preplasma scale length L(P)(opt) approximate to 1/k(0) (k(0) laser wave vector), which is of the order of one inverse laser wave vector. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Davis, J.; Petrov, G. M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Davis, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jack.davis@nrl.navy.mil; george.petrov@nrl.navy.mil
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA); Naval Research Laboratory (NRL)
FX This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA)
and the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) under the ONR 6.1 program.
NR 21
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 15
IS 8
AR 083107
DI 10.1063/1.2969437
PG 9
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 351TN
UT WOS:000259448900060
ER
PT J
AU Manheimer, W
Colombant, D
Goncharov, V
AF Manheimer, Wallace
Colombant, Denis
Goncharov, Valeri
TI The development of a Krook model for nonlocal transport in laser
produced plasmas. I. Basic theory
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID STEEP TEMPERATURE-GRADIENTS; ELECTRON HEAT-TRANSPORT; CONDUCTION;
RADIATION
AB This paper examines the Krook model as a means of quantifying the problem of nonlocal transport of electron energy in laser produced plasmas. The result is an expression for the nonlocal electron energy flux q. The roles of both flux limitation and preheat are clearly delineated. Furthermore, it develops a test for the validity of this model. This is a physics based, "first principles" model that can be economically incorporated into a fluid simulation. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Manheimer, Wallace; Colombant, Denis] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
[Goncharov, Valeri] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
RP Manheimer, W (reprint author), RSI Corp, NRL Plasma Phys Div, Landover, MD USA.
RI Goncharov, Valeri/H-4471-2011
NR 23
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 15
IS 8
AR 083103
DI 10.1063/1.2963078
PG 13
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 351TN
UT WOS:000259448900056
ER
PT J
AU Swanekamp, SB
Weber, BV
Stephanakis, SJ
Mosher, D
Commisso, RJ
AF Swanekamp, S. B.
Weber, B. V.
Stephanakis, S. J.
Mosher, D.
Commisso, R. J.
TI Bremsstrahlung target optimization for reflex triodes
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY SOURCES; ION-BEAMS; DIODES; TRANSPORT; ENHANCEMENT; GENERATION;
ELECTRONS; FLOW
AB The anode (tantalum) foil thickness in a reflex triode was varied from 2.5 to 250 Am to maximize the dose from bremsstrahlung produced by a 1 MV, 1 MA, 100 ns electron beam. Experiments and computer simulations show that the dose is maximized for a foil thickness of about 25 Am, 1/18th of the electron range computed from the continuous slowing down approximation. For foils thicker than optimum, self-absorption in the foil attenuates 10-100 keV photons, reducing the dose. For foils thinner than optimum, the dose decreases as a result of electron migration to large radius. A simple formula that predicts the optimum thickness as a function of the beam current and voltage is derived that should be applicable to a large range of experimental parameters. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Swanekamp, S. B.; Weber, B. V.; Stephanakis, S. J.; Mosher, D.; Commisso, R. J.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Swanekamp, S. B.; Stephanakis, S. J.; Mosher, D.] L3 Commun, Reston, VA 22190 USA.
RP Swanekamp, SB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Code 6771, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM Steve.Swanekamp@nrl.navy.mil
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency
FX This work was supported by Defense Threat Reduction Agency.
NR 20
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 15
IS 8
AR 083105
DI 10.1063/1.2963090
PG 10
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 351TN
UT WOS:000259448900058
ER
PT J
AU Ratwani, RM
Trafton, JG
AF Ratwani, Raj M.
Trafton, J. Gregory
TI Shedding light on the graph schema: Perceptual features versus invariant
structure
SO PSYCHONOMIC BULLETIN & REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID MIXED BLOCKS; INFORMATION; TRIALS; TASK
AB Most theories of graph comprehension posit the existence of a graph schema to account for people's prior knowledge of how to understand different graph types. The graph schema is, however, a purely theoretical construct: No empirical studies have explicitly examined the nature of the graph schema. We sought to determine whether graph schemas are based on perceptual features or on a common invariant structure shared between certain graph types. We isolated the process of activating the graph schema by presenting the graphs to participants in pure and mixed blocks. Any differences in reaction time between the blocks could be attributed to loading the appropriate schema. Results from a series of experiments using five types of graphs suggest that graph schemas are based on the graphical framework, a common invariant structure among certain types of graphs. These results provide insight into the comprehension of novel graphs.
C1 [Ratwani, Raj M.] George Mason Univ, Dept Psychol, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Trafton, J. Gregory] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Ratwani, RM (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Psychol, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM rratwani@gmu.edu
RI Ratwani, Raj/B-1375-2009
NR 16
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1069-9384
EI 1531-5320
J9 PSYCHON B REV
JI Psychon. Bull. Rev.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 15
IS 4
BP 757
EP 762
DI 10.3758/PBR.15.4.757
PG 6
WC Psychology, Mathematical; Psychology, Experimental
SC Psychology
GA 341XI
UT WOS:000258748500006
PM 18792501
ER
PT J
AU Joner, MD
Woodall, WH
Reynolds, MR
Fricker, RD
AF Joner, Michael D., Jr.
Woodall, William H.
Reynolds, Marion R., Jr.
Fricker, Ronald D., Jr.
TI A one-sided MEWMA chart for health surveillance
SO QUALITY AND RELIABILITY ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE disease surveillance; one-sided control charts; monitoring; multivariate
statistical process control; spatial correlation
ID PUBLIC-HEALTH; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; CONTROL SCHEMES; DISEASE; SYSTEMS
AB It is often important to rapidly detect all increase in the incidence rate of a given disease or other medical condition. It has been shown that when disease counts are sequentially available from a single region, a univariate control chart designed to detect rate increases, such as a one-sided cumulative sum chart, is very affective. When disease counts are available from several regions at corresponding times, the most efficient monitoring method is not readily apparent. Multivariate monitoring methods have been suggested for dealing with this detection problem. Some of these approaches have shortcomings that have been recently demonstrated in the quality control literature. We discuss these limitations and suggest an alternative multivariate exponentially weighted moving average chart. We compare the average run-length performance of this chart with that of competing methods. We also evaluate the statistical performance of these charts when the actual increase ill the disease count rate is different from the one that the chart was optimized to detect quickly. Copyright (C) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Joner, Michael D., Jr.] Procter & Gamble Co, Mason, OH 45040 USA.
[Woodall, William H.; Reynolds, Marion R., Jr.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Stat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Reynolds, Marion R., Jr.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Forestry, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Fricker, Ronald D., Jr.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Joner, MD (reprint author), 8700 S Mason Montgomery Rd, Mason, OH 45040 USA.
EM joner.md@pg.com
RI Woodall, William/A-8094-2009
FU NSF [DMI-0354859]; Department of Statistics
FX This research was partially supported by NSF grant DMI-0354859. Dr Joner
acknowledges the Department of Statistics at Virginia Tech for providing
faculty support and computing resources for this research.
NR 42
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0748-8017
EI 1099-1638
J9 QUAL RELIAB ENG INT
JI Qual. Reliab. Eng. Int.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 5
BP 503
EP 518
DI 10.1002/qre.910
PG 16
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Operations
Research & Management Science
SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science
GA 342GA
UT WOS:000258771400002
ER
PT J
AU Romanyukha, A
King, D
Benevides, LA
AF Romanyukha, Alex
King, David
Benevides, Luis A.
TI EFFECT OF BACKGROUND RADIATION ON THE LOWER LIMIT OF DETECTION FOR
EXTENDED DOSEMETER ISSUE PERIODS
SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID PERSONNEL DOSIMETRY; LIF-MG,CU,P; IMPLEMENTATION; EXPOSURE; ROUTINE
AB An extension of dosemeter issue period brings significant economic and logistic benefits. Therefore, it is desirable to have an extended period as long as possible without significant loss of the quality of dose measurements. There are many studies devoted to the investigation of fading or reduction of the dose accumulated in dosemeters with time. However, this is one of many critical factors that need's to be taken into account when extending the dosemeter issue period. Background radiation is also a critical factor that needs to be appropriately accounted. In this report, a new approach has been suggested for evaluating the effect of background radiation on the lower limit of detection (LLD) of occupational radiation dose. This approach is based on the data collected from control dosemeters that are routinely used for subtraction of background radiation from occupational dose measurements. The results show that for LiF:Mg, Cu, P thermoluminescence dosemeters, variations in background radiation have a higher impact on the LLD than dose fading and the absolute value of background radiation. Although there is no significant dose fading in LiF: Mg, Cu, P for a dosemeter issue period up to 1 y, variations in background radiation during this period of time can significantly increase photon LLDs (up to 700 mu Sv) for workers operating in an environment of variable radiation background.
C1 [Romanyukha, Alex; King, David; Benevides, Luis A.] USN, US Naval Dosimetry Ctr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Romanyukha, A (reprint author), USN, US Naval Dosimetry Ctr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM aromanyukha@usuhs.mil
FU U.S. Department of Defense
FX The study was funded through U.S. Department of Defense operational and
maintenance budget.
NR 22
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0144-8420
J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM
JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 131
IS 2
BP 180
EP 187
DI 10.1093/rpd/ncn137
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 373PL
UT WOS:000260984100004
PM 18448436
ER
PT J
AU Vikharev, A
Gorbachev, A
Ivanov, O
Isaev, V
Koldanov, V
Kuzikov, S
Hirshfield, J
Gold, S
AF Vikharev, A. L.
Gorbachev, A. M.
Ivanov, O. A.
Isaev, V. A.
Koldanov, V. A.
Kuzikov, S. V.
Hirshfield, J. L.
Gold, S. H.
TI Two-channel 100-MW microwave compressor for the three-centimeter
wavelength range
SO RADIOPHYSICS AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
AB We present the results of the studies of a 100-megawatt active two-channel compressor of microwave pulses for the three-centimeter wavelength range. The compressors of the transit and reflector types are excited at the TE(01) mode of a circular waveguide, and the energy is output by using resonance plasma switches. The channels of the compressors are connected to a microwave oscillator and a load via a special quasioptical 3-dB directional coupler with enhanced electric strength. The use of the quasioptical coupler allows one to ensure the decoupling of the input microwave line (by about 20 dB) and combine coherently the pulses compressed in each of the compressor channel. High-and low-power tests of the compressors have been performed and the wave phase in the compressed pulses has been measured. The pulses obtained for an incident power of 5 MW have a power of 40-53 MW, a duration of 40-60 ns, and a power gain greater than 10. The compression efficiency amounts to 55%. The stability and good reproducibility of the amplitude and frequency characteristics of the radiation from a two-channel compressor make it promising for use in the linear accelerators of charged particles.
C1 [Vikharev, A. L.; Gorbachev, A. M.; Ivanov, O. A.; Isaev, V. A.; Koldanov, V. A.; Kuzikov, S. V.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Appl Phys, Nizhnii Novgorod, Russia.
[Hirshfield, J. L.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[Gold, S. H.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Vikharev, A (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Appl Phys, Nizhnii Novgorod, Russia.
EM val@appl.sci-nnov.ru
FU Russian Foundation for Basic Research [05 08-50246]
FX The authors are grateful to A. G. Litvak and M. I. Petelin for support
and discussion of the obtained results. The work was partially supported
by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research ( project No. 05 08-50246).
NR 18
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0033-8443
J9 RADIOPHYS QUANTUM EL
JI Radiophys. Quantum Electron.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 51
IS 8
BP 597
EP 609
DI 10.1007/s11141-008-9065-z
PG 13
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 382LJ
UT WOS:000261607200002
ER
PT J
AU Knipling, KE
Dunand, DC
AF Knipling, Keith E.
Dunand, David C.
TI Creep resistance of cast and aged Al-0.1Zr and Al-0.1Zr-0.1Ti (at.%)
alloys at 300-400 degrees C
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminum alloys; zirconium; titanium; creep; precipitation strengthening
ID ZR-TI ALLOYS; AL-ZR; PRECIPITATION EVOLUTION; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES;
METASTABLE PHASES; DISLOCATION CLIMB; THRESHOLD STRESS; AL(SC) ALLOYS;
ALUMINUM; PARTICLES
AB Cast and aged Al-0.1Zr and Al-0.1Zr-0.1Ti (at.%) alloys, upon compressive creep deformation at 300-400 degrees C, exhibit threshold stresses attributable to climb-controlled bypass of coherent Al(3)Zr and Al(3)(Zri(1-x)Ti(x)) precipitates. Al-0.1Zr-0.1Ti exhibits a smaller threshold stress than Al-0.1Zr, which is attributed principally to a reduced lattice parameter mismatch between the Al(3)(Zr(1-x)Ti(x)) precipitates and the matrix. The present alloys are less creep resistant than Al-Sc and Al-Sc-Zr/Ti alloys with similar precipitate radii and volume fractions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc.
C1 [Knipling, Keith E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Knipling, Keith E.; Dunand, David C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
RP Knipling, KE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6356,4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM knipling@anvil.nr.navy.mil
RI Dunand, David/B-7515-2009; LAI, JING/F-6526-2010;
OI Dunand, David/0000-0001-5476-7379
NR 25
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 18
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 59
IS 4
BP 387
EP 390
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2008.02.059
PG 4
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 325VF
UT WOS:000257615700004
ER
PT J
AU Goswami, R
Willard, MA
AF Goswami, R.
Willard, M. A.
TI Microstructure evolution in rapidly solidified ferromagnetic
(Co0.95Fe0.05)(89)Zr7B4 nanocrystalline alloys
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE nanocrystalline; soft magnetic alloys; transmission electron microscopy;
melt spinning
ID SOFT-MAGNETIC-MATERIALS; PARTICLES; GOLD; NB
AB Microstructure evolution and crystallization kinetics of a melt-spun (Fe0.05Co0.95)(89)Zr7B4 alloy are examined by several transmission electron microscopy techniques. The as-spun alloy shows a high density (similar to 10(24) m(-3)) of 2-4 nm diameter body-centered cubic(Co,Fe) grains embedded in an amorphous matrix, which act as nuclei for growth during primary crystallization. Phase formation and defect densities are presented for primary crystallized and in situ heated samples. (C) 2008 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Goswami, R.; Willard, M. A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Goswami, R.] SAIC, Washington, DC 20003 USA.
RP Goswami, R (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6355,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM ramasis.goswami@nrl.navy.mil
RI Willard, Matthew/A-8492-2009
OI Willard, Matthew/0000-0001-5052-8012
NR 17
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 59
IS 4
BP 459
EP 462
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2008.04.030
PG 4
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 325VF
UT WOS:000257615700023
ER
PT J
AU Melde, BJ
Johnson, BJ
Charles, PT
AF Melde, Brian J.
Johnson, Brandy J.
Charles, Paul T.
TI Mesoporous silicate materials in sensing
SO SENSORS
LA English
DT Review
DE mesoporous; silica; organosilica; sensor
ID CARBON-PASTE ELECTRODE; STABILIZED GOLD NANOPARTICLES; SELF-ASSEMBLED
MONOLAYER; ORGANIC-INORGANIC HYBRID; AEROGEL THIN-FILMS; SOL-GEL
MONOLITHS; TOXIC METAL-IONS; MESOSTRUCTURED SILICA; VOLTAMMETRIC
ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR-SIEVES
AB Mesoporous silicas, especially those exhibiting ordered pore systems and uniform pore diameters, have shown great potential for sensing applications in recent years. Morphological control grants them versatility in the method of deployment whether as bulk powders, monoliths, thin films, or embedded in coatings. High surface areas and pore sizes greater than 2 nm make them effective as adsorbent coatings for humidity sensors. The pore networks also provide the potential for immobilization of enzymes within the materials. Functionalization of materials by silane grafting or through co-condensation of silicate precursors can be used to provide mesoporous materials with a variety of fluorescent probes as well as surface properties that aid in selective detection of specific analytes. This review will illustrate how mesoporous silicas have been applied to sensing changes in relative humidity, changes in pH, metal cations, toxic industrial compounds, volatile organic compounds, small molecules and ions, nitroenergetic compounds, and biologically relevant molecules.
C1 [Johnson, Brandy J.; Charles, Paul T.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Melde, Brian J.] NOVA Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA.
RP Johnson, BJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM brian.melde.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; brandy.white@nrl.navy.mil;
paul.charles@nrl.navy.mil
RI Johnson, Brandy/B-3462-2008
OI Johnson, Brandy/0000-0002-3637-0631
NR 163
TC 133
Z9 133
U1 18
U2 189
PU MOLECULAR DIVERSITY PRESERVATION INT
PI BASEL
PA MATTHAEUSSTRASSE 11, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1424-8220
J9 SENSORS-BASEL
JI Sensors
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 8
IS 8
BP 5202
EP 5228
DI 10.3390/s8085202
PG 27
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 342AP
UT WOS:000258757300042
PM 27873810
ER
PT J
AU Zangmeister, CD
Beebe, JM
Naciri, J
Kushmerick, JG
van Zee, RD
AF Zangmeister, Christopher D.
Beebe, Jeremy M.
Naciri, Jawad
Kushmerick, James G.
van Zee, Roger D.
TI Controlling charge-carrier type in nanoscale junctions with linker
chemistry
SO SMALL
LA English
DT Article
DE characterization; charge transport; junctions; self-assembled monolayers
ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; FERMI-LEVEL ALIGNMENT; MOLECULAR JUNCTIONS;
CONJUGATED MOLECULES; CONTACT RESISTANCE; FORCE MICROSCOPY; WORK
FUNCTION; GOLD; ELECTRONICS; TRANSPORT
C1 [Zangmeister, Christopher D.; Beebe, Jeremy M.; Kushmerick, James G.; van Zee, Roger D.] NIST, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Naciri, Jawad] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Zangmeister, CD (reprint author), NIST, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM cdzang@nist.gov
NR 29
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 8
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1613-6810
EI 1613-6829
J9 SMALL
JI Small
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 4
IS 8
BP 1143
EP 1147
DI 10.1002/smll.200800359
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 339GP
UT WOS:000258566400022
PM 18623298
ER
PT J
AU Langland, RH
Maue, RN
Bishop, CH
AF Langland, Rolf H.
Maue, Ryan N.
Bishop, Craig H.
TI Uncertainty in atmospheric temperature analyses
SO TELLUS SERIES A-DYNAMIC METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID DATA ASSIMILATION; BIAS CORRECTION; SATELLITE DATA; CLIMATE; REANALYSIS;
RADIOSONDE; PREDICTION
AB This report illustrates and quantifies the unanticipated large uncertainty and differences in tropospheric temperature analyses within current global operational forecast systems and historical re-analysis products. Results reveal that regional patterns of uncertainty in seasonally averaged and daily atmospheric upper-air temperature analyses are related to the irregular distribution of in situ and satellite observations. There is less uncertainty in analysed temperature where in situ radiosonde observations are plentiful, primarily over developed nations in the Northern Hemisphere, and more uncertainty over regions that are observed primarily by satellites with fewer in situ temperature observations, including oceanic areas, the cryosphere, and developing nations. The results suggest that operational weather forecasting and climate monitoring would benefit from an improved global observing network, including additional in situ components. There is also a need for progress in data assimilation to extract more information from the wealth of current and future satellite observations.
C1 [Langland, Rolf H.; Bishop, Craig H.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Maue, Ryan N.] Florida State Univ, Dept Meteorol, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
RP Langland, RH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM rolf.langland@nrlmry.navy.mil
NR 24
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0280-6495
J9 TELLUS A
JI Tellus Ser. A-Dyn. Meteorol. Oceanol.
PD AUG
PY 2008
VL 60
IS 4
BP 598
EP 603
DI 10.1111/j.1600-0870.2008.00336.x
PG 6
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 327AB
UT WOS:000257700000003
ER
PT J
AU Chromik, RR
Winfrey, AL
Luning, J
Nemanich, RJ
Wahl, KJ
AF Chromik, Richard. R.
Winfrey, A. Leigh
Luening, Jan
Nemanich, Robert J.
Wahl, Kathryn J.
TI Run-in behavior of nanocrystalline diamond coatings studied by in situ
tribometry
SO WEAR
LA English
DT Article
DE diamond; friction; nanocrystalline diamond; in situ tribometry; wear;
NEXAFS
ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; ULTRANANOCRYSTALLINE
DIAMOND; THIN-FILMS; POLYCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND; TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES;
RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; GRAPHITIC CARBON; 3RD BODIES; FRICTION
AB The friction performance of nanocrystalline diamond coatings was evaluated using in situ tribometry with sapphire counterfaces. Coatings were grown by microwave plasma assisted chemical vapor deposition in an Ar-H-CH(4) plasma, with H ranging from 0 to 36%. In situ examination of the sliding contact, combined with ex situ analysis of the sapphire counterface revealed that the velocity accommodation mode was interfacial sliding of a carbonaceous transfer film versus the coating wear track. For most tests, the contact diameter increased during the first 50 sliding cycles and then remained constant. The in situ measure of the contact diameter was found to correlate confidently to ex situ measurements of counterface wear. The performance of the diamond coatings, characterized by quick run-in to low friction was best when a small but detectable graphite peak was present in the X-ray diffraction (XRD) profile. The relative intensity of the XRD graphite peak was also found to directly correlate with the peak position of the C1s -> pi* transition as measured by near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. Increasing the relative amount of graphite-bonded sp(2) carbon in the NCD films decreased run-in cycles to low friction. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chromik, Richard. R.; Winfrey, A. Leigh; Nemanich, Robert J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Luening, Jan] Univ Paris 06, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Nemanich, Robert J.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Chromik, Richard. R.; Wahl, Kathryn J.] USN, Res Lab, Tribol Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Wahl, KJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Tribol Sect, Code 6176, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM kathryn.wahl@nrl.navy.mil
RI Chromik, Richard/D-8566-2011;
OI Wahl, Kathryn/0000-0001-8163-6964
NR 57
TC 46
Z9 46
U1 2
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0043-1648
J9 WEAR
JI Wear
PD JUL 31
PY 2008
VL 265
IS 3-4
BP 477
EP 489
DI 10.1016/j.wear.2007.11.023
PG 13
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 311KK
UT WOS:000256598900026
ER
PT J
AU Campos, EJD
Piola, AR
Matano, RP
Miller, JL
AF Campos, Edmo J. D.
Piola, Alberto R.
Matano, Ricardo P.
Miller, Jerry L.
TI PLATA: A synoptic characterization of the southwest Atlantic shelf under
influence of the Plata River and Patos Lagoon outflows
SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; SOUTHERN BRAZIL
C1 [Campos, Edmo J. D.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Oceanog, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Piola, Alberto R.] Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Piola, Alberto R.] Serv Hidalg Naval, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Matano, Ricardo P.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Miller, Jerry L.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[Miller, Jerry L.] Consortium Oceanog Res & Educ, Washington, DC 20005 USA.
RP Campos, EJD (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Oceanog, Cidade Univ, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
EM edmo@io.usp.br
RI Campos, edmo/G-6995-2012; Piola, Alberto/O-2280-2013
OI Piola, Alberto/0000-0002-5003-8926
NR 16
TC 15
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 5
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0278-4343
J9 CONT SHELF RES
JI Cont. Shelf Res.
PD JUL 30
PY 2008
VL 28
IS 13
BP 1551
EP 1555
DI 10.1016/j.csr.2008.03.007
PG 5
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 333VD
UT WOS:000258179900001
ER
PT J
AU Burrage, D
Wesson, J
Martinez, C
Perez, T
Moller, O
Piola, A
AF Burrage, Derek
Wesson, Joel
Martinez, Carlos
Perez, Tabare
Moller, Osmar, Jr.
Piola, Alberto
TI Patos Lagoon outflow within the Rio de la Plata plume using an airborne
salinity mapper: Observing an embedded plume
SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE sea water; salinity; surface temperature; ocean circulation; river
plumes; oceanic fronts; microwave remote sensing
ID BUOYANT COASTAL DISCHARGES; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; RIVER PLUME; WIND;
CIRCULATION; EVENT; FATE; TRANSPORT; DYNAMICS; CURRENTS
AB Major river systems discharging into continental shelf waters frequently form buoyant coastal currents that propagate along the continental shelf in the direction of coastal trapped wave propagation (with the coast on the right/left, in the northern/southern hemisphere). The combined flow of the Uruguay and Parana Rivers, which discharges freshwater into the Rio de la Plata estuary (Lat. similar to 36 degrees S), often gives rise to a buoyant coastal current (the 'Plata plume') that extends northward along the continental shelf off Uruguay and Southern Brazil. Depending upon, the prevailing rainfall, wind and tidal conditions, the Patos/Mirim Lagoon complex (Lat. similar to 32 degrees S) may also produce a freshwater outflow plume that expands across the inner continental shelf. Under these circumstances the Patos outflow plume can be embedded in temperature, salinity and current fields that are strongly influenced by the larger Plata plume. The purpose of this paper is to present observations of such an embedded plume structure and to determine the dynamical characteristics of the ambient and embedded plumes.
We describe selected results of coincident airborne remote sensing and shipboard in-situ surveys of the salinity distribution and extent of the Plata and Patos/Mirim Lagoon plumes conducted under contrasting winter (2003) and summer (2004) conditions. The surveys were carried out in the context of a comprehensive multi-disciplinary study of the Plata plume and its response to prevailing seasonal weather conditions. The objective was to map the surface salinity distribution of the Plata plume at synoptic scales under representative winter and summer conditions. Additionally, the airborne survey included finer-scale mapping of specific features including the Rio de Plata estuarine front and the Patos Lagoon plume, with the objective of determining the distribution and behavior of the plumes in the estuaries and on the continental shelf. The airborne survey was conducted with art aircraft carrying an infrared and Microwave radiometer system, the Naval Research Laboratory's (NRL) Salinity, Temperature and Roughness Remote Scanner (STARRS). A series of broad-scale flights over the continental shelf off Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil were made using STARRS to determine the spatial extent of the Plata plume, and detailed mapping flights were undertaken in the vicinity of Rio de la Plata Estuary and Patos/Mirim outflows to observe associated frontal features.
The results of the airborne surveys were compared with shipboard hydrographic data obtained from a conductivity, temperature and depth (CTD) profiler. The combined ship and aircraft data were used to estimate parameters of dynamical classification schemes. These schemes were used to characterize the gross behavior and dynamics of the ambient Plata plume and embedded Patos plume. The Plata plume was highly asymmetric with along-shelf development towards the north and it behaved dynamically like a buoyant coastal boundary current, with an approximately geostrophic across-shelf momentum balance. The Patos plume, on the other hand, maintained its integrity as a relatively symmetric, ageostrophic, frictionally dominated plume with significant across-shelf, and modest along-shelf, development.
The dynamical implications of the embedding of the smaller scale Patos plume within the larger-scale ambient Plata plume were explored, and it was concluded that the ambient plume could exert a significant dynamical influence on the behavior of the embedded plume. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Burrage, Derek; Wesson, Joel] USN, Res Lab, Ocean Sci Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[Martinez, Carlos] Univ Republica, Fac Ciencias, Secc Oceanol, PCMYA, Montevideo, Uruguay.
[Perez, Tabare] CITMPSA, Div Invest & Desarrollo, Montevideo, Uruguay.
[Moller, Osmar, Jr.] Fundacao Univ Fed Rio Grande FURG, BR-96201900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
[Piola, Alberto] Serv Hidrog Naval, Dept Oceanog, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
RP Burrage, D (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ocean Sci Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM burrage@nrlssc.navy.mil; carmar@glaucus.fcien.edu.uy;
tabare@montepaz.com.uy; dfsomj@furg.br; apiola@hidro.gov.ar
RI Piola, Alberto/O-2280-2013
OI Piola, Alberto/0000-0002-5003-8926
NR 53
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 11
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0278-4343
J9 CONT SHELF RES
JI Cont. Shelf Res.
PD JUL 30
PY 2008
VL 28
IS 13
BP 1625
EP 1638
DI 10.1016/j.csr.2007.02.014
PG 14
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 333VD
UT WOS:000258179900007
ER
PT J
AU Fricker, RD
Hegler, BL
Dunfee, DA
AF Fricker, Ronald D., Jr.
Hegler, Benjamin L.
Dunfee, David A.
TI Comparing syndromic surveillance detection methods: EARS' versus a
CUSUM-based methodology
SO STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE syndromic surveillance; biosurveillance; early aberration reporting
system; CUSUM
ID BIOSURVEILLANCE
AB This paper compares the performance of three detection methods, entitled C1, C2, and C3, that are implemented in the early aberration reporting system (EARS) and other syndromic surveillance systems versus the CUSUM applied to model-based prediction errors. The cumulative sum (CUSUM) performed significantly better than the EARS' methods across all of the scenarios we evaluated. These scenarios consisted of various combinations of large and small background disease incidence rates, seasonal cycles from large to small (as well as no cycle), daily effects, and various types and levels of random daily variation. This leads us to recommend replacing the C1, C2, and C3 methods in existing syndromic surveillance systems with an appropriately implemented CUSUM method. Published in 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Fricker, Ronald D., Jr.; Hegler, Benjamin L.; Dunfee, David A.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Fricker, RD (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, 1411 Cunningham Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM rdfricker@nps.edu
NR 37
TC 32
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 4
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0277-6715
J9 STAT MED
JI Stat. Med.
PD JUL 30
PY 2008
VL 27
IS 17
BP 3407
EP 3429
DI 10.1002/sim.3197
PG 23
WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental &
Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Medicine, Research &
Experimental; Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental &
Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Research & Experimental
Medicine; Mathematics
GA 332HS
UT WOS:000258074700012
PM 18240128
ER
PT J
AU Jacobson, IG
Smith, TC
Smith, B
Wells, TS
Reed, RJ
Ryan, MAK
AF Jacobson, Isabel G.
Smith, Tyler C.
Smith, Besa
Wells, Timothy S.
Reed, Robert J.
Ryan, Margaret A. K.
TI US military service members vaccinated against smallpox in 2003 and 2004
experience a slightly higher risk of hospitalization postvaccination
SO VACCINE
LA English
DT Article
DE smallpox vaccine; military medicine; hospitalization; myocarditis
ID JANUARY-OCTOBER 2003; UNITED-STATES; ADVERSE EVENTS; ANTHRAX
VACCINATION; MILLENNIUM COHORT; ARMED-FORCES; FOLLOW-UP; PROGRAM;
IMMUNIZATION; HEALTH
AB This study explores adverse events severe enough to warrant hospitalization that may have been associated with receiving the smallpox vaccine in conjunction with military service. Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to identify the risk of hospitalization among US active-duty military personnel during a 1-year period following receipt of the smallpox vaccine. The reference group consisted of active-duty military personnel who also received the smallpox vaccine after the conclusion of their health care observation period, allowing for comparison to a temporally and demographically similar population. The risk of hospitalization was slightly elevated among the postvaccine group for any-cause hospitalization and for hospitalization in several broad diagnostic categories. Hospitalizations for asthma, autoimmune diseases, and myopericarditis, were more likely in the postvaccine group. The increased risk of hospitalization for varied outcomes does not necessarily imply a cause-effect relationship, but it does offer areas for more focused study, using longitudinal data to explore the long-term impact of smallpox vaccination on the health of young adults. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Jacobson, Isabel G.; Smith, Tyler C.; Smith, Besa; Reed, Robert J.; Ryan, Margaret A. K.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
[Wells, Timothy S.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Jacobson, IG (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
EM Isabel.Jacobson@med.navy.mil
FU Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine,
Rockville, Maryland; Department of Defense [60002]
FX We thank Scott L. Seggerman and Greg D. Boyd from the Defense Manpower
Data Center, Monterey Bay, California. We also thank Dr. Ava Conlin and
Michelle Stoia from the Naval Health Research Center, San Diego,
California. We appreciate the support of the Henry M. Jackson Foundation
for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, Maryland.; This
represents report 07-40 supported by the Department of Defense, under
work unit no. 60002. The views expressed in this article are those of
the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the
Department of the Navy, Department of the Army, Department of the Air
Force, Department of Defense, Department of Veterans Affairs, or the US
Government. This research has been conducted in compliance with all
applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human
subjects in research (Protocol NHRC. 2004.0010).
NR 46
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-410X
J9 VACCINE
JI Vaccine
PD JUL 29
PY 2008
VL 26
IS 32
BP 4048
EP 4056
DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.05.044
PG 9
WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 339XP
UT WOS:000258610900013
PM 18586364
ER
PT J
AU Bewley, WW
Lindle, JR
Kim, CS
Kim, M
Canedy, CL
Vurgaftman, I
Meyer, JR
AF Bewley, W. W.
Lindle, J. R.
Kim, C. S.
Kim, M.
Canedy, C. L.
Vurgaftman, I.
Meyer, J. R.
TI Lifetimes and Auger coefficients in type-II W interband cascade lasers
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID NARROW-RIDGE; HIGH-POWER; SUPERLATTICES; RECOMBINATION; TEMPERATURE;
INAS/INGASB; WAVELENGTH; DEPENDENCE; EMISSION; HGCDTE
AB Lifetimes and Auger coefficients for type-II W interband cascade lasers are deduced from correlations of the experimental threshold current densities and slope efficiencies with calculated threshold carrier densities and optical gains. The room-temperature Auger coefficients for a number of low-threshold devices emitting at wavelengths from 2.9 to 4.1 mu m fall in the narrow range of (3-5)x10(-28) cm(6)/s, which represents a much stronger suppression of Auger decay than was implied by most earlier experiments and theoretical projections. The Auger coefficient is nearly independent of the thicknesses and compositions of the layers in the W active region. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Bewley, W. W.; Lindle, J. R.; Kim, C. S.; Kim, M.; Canedy, C. L.; Vurgaftman, I.; Meyer, J. R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Bewley, WW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM vurgaftman@nrl.navy.mil
RI Lindle, James/A-9426-2009
NR 25
TC 50
Z9 51
U1 6
U2 13
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 28
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 4
AR 041118
DI 10.1063/1.2967730
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 333VC
UT WOS:000258179800018
ER
PT J
AU Shao, L
Thompson, PE
Chen, QY
Ma, KB
Liu, JR
Chu, WK
AF Shao, Lin
Thompson, P. E.
Chen, Q. Y.
Ma, K. B.
Liu, J. R.
Chu, Wei-Kan
TI High thermal stability of vacancy clusters formed in MeV
Si-self-ion-implanted Si
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID DOPANT DIFFUSION; BORON-DIFFUSION; POINT-DEFECTS; SILICON; MECHANISM;
GROWTH; DAMAGE; FILMS
AB We have shown that considerable vacancy defects, introduced by MeV Si self-ion implantation, can survive a 900 degrees C/5 min annealing for gate formation. By analyzing the trap-limited Si interstitial diffusion, we have characterized these vacancy clusters. Furthermore, we show that the remaining vacancies are sufficient to reduce B diffusion. The study suggests that MeV ion implantation, a promising approach for ultrashallow junction formation in metal-oxide-semiconductor device fabrication, can be inserted before gate formation (involving high temperature annealing) to avoid irradiation damage on gate structures. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Shao, Lin] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Thompson, P. E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Chen, Q. Y.; Ma, K. B.; Liu, J. R.; Chu, Wei-Kan] Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
[Chen, Q. Y.; Ma, K. B.; Liu, J. R.; Chu, Wei-Kan] Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
RP Shao, L (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM lshao@mailaps.org
NR 20
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 28
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 4
AR 041908
DI 10.1063/1.2963480
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 333VC
UT WOS:000258179800033
ER
PT J
AU Shao, L
Di, ZF
Lin, Y
Jia, QX
Wang, YQ
Nastasi, M
Thompson, PE
Theodore, ND
Chu, PK
AF Shao, Lin
Di, Zengfeng
Lin, Yuan
Jia, Q. X.
Wang, Y. Q.
Nastasi, M.
Thompson, Phillip E.
Theodore, N. David
Chu, Paul K.
TI The role of strain in hydrogenation induced cracking in
Si/Si(1-x)Ge(x)/Si structures
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SILICON
AB Hydrogenation induced cracking in molecular beam epitaxy grown Si/Si(1-x)Ge(x)/Si heterostructures is studied. The Si(1-x)Ge(x) layer buried between an similar to 200 nm thick Si capping layer and the Si substrate is similar to 5 nm thick. After plasma hydrogenation, long range H migration and H trapping at the Si(1-x)Ge(x) layer are observed. With increasing Ge concentrations, the amount of H trapping increases, cracking along the Si(1-x)Ge(x) layer is smoother, and fewer defects are formed in the Si capping layer. The study suggests maximizing the interfacial strain to achieve the smoothest cracking with minimized radiation damage for ultrathin silicon-on-insulator technology. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Shao, Lin] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Di, Zengfeng; Jia, Q. X.; Wang, Y. Q.; Nastasi, M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Lin, Yuan] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Sch Microelectron & Solid State Elect, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China.
[Thompson, Phillip E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Theodore, N. David] Freescale Semicond Inc, Analog & Mixed Signal Technol, Tempe, AZ 85284 USA.
[Chu, Paul K.] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys & Mat Sci, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
RP Shao, L (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM lshao@mailaps.org
RI di, zengfeng/B-1684-2010; Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008; Chu, Paul/B-5923-2013;
lin, yuan/B-9955-2013
OI Chu, Paul/0000-0002-5581-4883;
NR 11
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 28
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 4
AR 041909
DI 10.1063/1.2963489
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 333VC
UT WOS:000258179800034
ER
PT J
AU Hoffman, ME
AF Hoffman, Michael E.
TI A character on the quasi-symmetric functions coming from multiple zeta
values
SO ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF COMBINATORICS
LA English
DT Article
AB We define a homomorphism zeta from the algebra of quasi-symmetric functions to the reals which involves the Euler constant and multiple zeta values. Besides advancing the study of multiple zeta values, the homomorphism zeta appears in connection with two Hirzebruch genera of almost complex manifolds: the Gamma-genus (related to mirror symmetry) and the (Gamma) over cap -genus (related to an S(1)-equivariant Euler class). We decompose zeta into its even and odd factors in the sense of Aguiar, Bergeron, and Sottille, and demonstrate the usefulness of this decomposition in computing zeta on the subalgebra of symmetric functions (which suffices for computations of the Gamma and (Gamma) over cap -genera).
C1 USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Hoffman, ME (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM meh@usna.edu
RI Hoffman, Michael/D-9913-2011
OI Hoffman, Michael/0000-0002-9436-7596
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF COMBINATORICS
PI NEWARK
PA C/O FELIX LAZEBNIK, RM 507, EWING HALL, UNIV DELAWARE, DEPT MATHEMATICAL
SCIENCES, NEWARK, DE 19716 USA
SN 1077-8926
J9 ELECTRON J COMB
JI Electron. J. Comb.
PD JUL 28
PY 2008
VL 15
IS 1
AR R97
PG 21
WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics
SC Mathematics
GA 331RZ
UT WOS:000258031600004
ER
PT J
AU Reid, JS
Reid, EA
Walker, A
Piketh, S
Cliff, S
Al Mandoos, A
Tsay, SC
Eck, TF
AF Reid, Jeffrey S.
Reid, Elizabeth A.
Walker, Annette
Piketh, Stuart
Cliff, Steve
Al Mandoos, Abdulla
Tsay, Si-Chee
Eck, Thomas F.
TI Dynamics of southwest Asian dust particle size characteristics with
implications for global dust research
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID MINERAL AEROSOL PRODUCTION; NONSPHERICAL PARTICLES; BOUNDARY-LAYER;
PERSIAN-GULF; WIND EROSION; DISTRIBUTIONS; TRANSPORT; BEHAVIOR;
DEPOSITION; ATLANTIC
AB As part of the United Arab Emirates Unified Aerosol Experiment (UAE 2), the size distribution and chemistry of dust particles were measured for the months of August and September 2004 at an Arabian Gulf coastal site impacted by dust from several sources within southwest Asia. The characteristics of common mode dust (0.8 < d(p) < 10 mu m) were examined using an aerodynamic particle sizer (APS), a DRUM cascade impactor, and AERONET Sun/sky retrievals. While size properties from these distinct methods do correlate, accurate dust measurement is still an outstanding challenge. But when instruments are applied consistently in the correct context, the dynamics of dust particle size can be accurately studied. Here, observations are used to study the stability of dust size and chemistry characteristics. We found that dust particle size, chemistry, and morphology appear to be fairly static from individual sources, confirming preliminary hypotheses based on large-scale observations of Saharan dust. Thus, our data provide experimental evidence that on regional scales, common mode dust is not functionally impacted by production wind speed, but rather influenced by soil properties such as geomorphology or roughness length. Similarly, we found transport processes from the mesoscale to near synoptic scale do not significantly impact common mode dust size either. When combined with other APS observations around the world, the dust coarse mode is found to be fairly robust with a volume median diameter on the order of similar to 3.5 mu m +/- 30%. Finally, evidence for a strong submicron dust mode, suggested in previous studies, was inconclusive.
C1 [Reid, Jeffrey S.; Reid, Elizabeth A.; Walker, Annette] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Piketh, Stuart] Univ Witwatersrand, Climatol Res Grp, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa.
[Tsay, Si-Chee; Eck, Thomas F.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Cliff, Steve] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Al Mandoos, Abdulla] Minist Presidential Affairs, Dept Atmospher Studies, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates.
RP Reid, JS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM jeffrey.reid@nrlmry.navy.mil
RI ECK, THOMAS/D-7407-2012; Reid, Jeffrey/B-7633-2014; Tsay,
Si-Chee/J-1147-2014
OI Reid, Jeffrey/0000-0002-5147-7955;
NR 43
TC 43
Z9 44
U1 3
U2 16
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 25
PY 2008
VL 113
IS D14
AR D14212
DI 10.1029/2007JD009752
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 331FI
UT WOS:000257997700006
ER
PT J
AU Reid, JS
Piketh, SJ
Walker, AL
Burger, RP
Ross, KE
Westphal, DL
Bruintjes, RT
Holben, BN
Hsu, C
Jensen, TL
Kahn, RA
Kuciauskas, AP
Al Mandoos, A
Al Mangoosh, A
Miller, SD
Porter, JN
Reid, EA
Tsay, SC
AF Reid, Jeffrey S.
Piketh, Stuart J.
Walker, Annette L.
Burger, Roelof P.
Ross, Kristy E.
Westphal, Douglas L.
Bruintjes, Roelof T.
Holben, Brent N.
Hsu, Christina
Jensen, Tara L.
Kahn, Ralph A.
Kuciauskas, Arunas P.
Al Mandoos, Abdulla
Al Mangoosh, Abdulla
Miller, Steven D.
Porter, John N.
Reid, Elizabeth A.
Tsay, Si-Chee
TI An overview of UAE(2) flight operations: Observations of summertime
atmospheric thermodynamic and aerosol profiles of the southern Arabian
Gulf
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID PERSIAN-GULF; BOUNDARY-LAYER; SUN PHOTOMETER; SAHARAN DUST; AIRCRAFT;
SIZE; REGION
AB In August through September 2004 the United Arab Emirates Unified Aerosol Experiment (UAE 2) was conducted in the southern Arabian Gulf region. We present atmospheric thermodynamic and aerosol data collected on 18 flights by the South African Aerocommander aircraft. In the first few kilometers, we observed high concentrations of both regional dust (from 100 to 300 mu g m(-3) in background, to over 1.5 mg m(-3) in events) and ubiquitous sulfate based pollution from the Gulf's prevalent petroleum industry (10-100 mu g m(-3)). Smoke and pollution from Europe and possibly Africa were found at levels between 1.5 and 5 km. Inland, classic deep over desert boundary layer characteristics were found. Over the Arabian Gulf, dust and pollution were most often either trapped below or sequestered above a strong stable boundary. However, there were cases where a well-distributed aerosol layer crossed the inversion uniformly. Data suggest that the observed vertical profiles can be explained by the rapid formation of stable marine boundary layers as air moves offshore. This can decouple aerosol layers from within the boundary layer to those aloft in regions of vertical wind shear. In the case of pollution, the ability of flaring plumes to penetrate the inversion may also in part determine layering. In coastal regions without vertical wind shear, uniform concentrations with height across the inversion are a result of internal boundary layer development. We conclude that the bulk of the observed variability in particle vertical distribution appear to be controlled by mesoscale and microscale processes, such as the sea/land breeze.
C1 [Reid, Jeffrey S.; Walker, Annette L.; Westphal, Douglas L.; Kuciauskas, Arunas P.; Reid, Elizabeth A.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Al Mandoos, Abdulla] Minist Presidential Affairs, Dept Atmospher Studies, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates.
[Bruintjes, Roelof T.; Jensen, Tara L.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Piketh, Stuart J.; Burger, Roelof P.; Ross, Kristy E.] Univ Witwatersrand, Climatol Res Grp, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa.
[Holben, Brent N.; Hsu, Christina; Kahn, Ralph A.; Tsay, Si-Chee] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Miller, Steven D.] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Porter, John N.] Univ Hawaii, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Reid, JS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM reidj@nrlmry.navy.mil
RI Hsu, N. Christina/H-3420-2013; Reid, Jeffrey/B-7633-2014; Kahn,
Ralph/D-5371-2012; Tsay, Si-Chee/J-1147-2014
OI Reid, Jeffrey/0000-0002-5147-7955; Kahn, Ralph/0000-0002-5234-6359;
NR 28
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 25
PY 2008
VL 113
IS D14
AR D14213
DI 10.1029/2007JD009435
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 331FI
UT WOS:000257997700003
ER
PT J
AU Geis, E
Kohl, M
Ziskin, V
Akdogan, T
Arenhovel, H
Alarcon, R
Bertozzi, W
Booth, E
Botto, T
Calarco, J
Clasie, B
Crawford, CB
DeGrush, A
Donnelly, TW
Dow, K
Farkhondeh, M
Fatemi, R
Filoti, O
Franklin, W
Gao, H
Gilad, S
Hasell, D
Karpius, P
Kolster, H
Lee, T
Maschinot, A
Matthews, J
McIlhany, K
Meitanis, N
Milner, RG
Rapaport, J
Redwine, RP
Seely, J
Shinozaki, A
Sirca, S
Sindile, A
Six, E
Smith, T
Steadman, M
Tonguc, B
Tschalaer, C
Tsentalovich, E
Turchinetz, W
Xiao, Y
Xu, W
Zhang, C
Zhou, Z
Zwart, T
AF Geis, E.
Kohl, M.
Ziskin, V.
Akdogan, T.
Arenhoevel, H.
Alarcon, R.
Bertozzi, W.
Booth, E.
Botto, T.
Calarco, J.
Clasie, B.
Crawford, C. B.
DeGrush, A.
Donnelly, T. W.
Dow, K.
Farkhondeh, M.
Fatemi, R.
Filoti, O.
Franklin, W.
Gao, H.
Gilad, S.
Hasell, D.
Karpius, P.
Kolster, H.
Lee, T.
Maschinot, A.
Matthews, J.
McIlhany, K.
Meitanis, N.
Milner, R. G.
Rapaport, J.
Redwine, R. P.
Seely, J.
Shinozaki, A.
Sirca, S.
Sindile, A.
Six, E.
Smith, T.
Steadman, M.
Tonguc, B.
Tschalaer, C.
Tsentalovich, E.
Turchinetz, W.
Xiao, Y.
Xu, W.
Zhang, C.
Zhou, Z.
Zwart, T.
CA BLAST Collaboration
TI Charge form factor of the neutron at low momentum transfer from the
(2)(H)over-right-arrow((e)over-right-arrow,e ' n)(1)H reaction
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID DEUTERON ELECTRODISINTEGRATION; POLARIZATION OBSERVABLES; GAS-TARGET;
SCATTERING; NUCLEON; RADIUS
AB We report new measurements of the neutron charge form factor at low momentum transfer using quasielastic electrodisintegration of the deuteron. Longitudinally polarized electrons at an energy of 850 MeV were scattered from an isotopically pure, highly polarized deuterium gas target. The scattered electrons and coincident neutrons were measured by the Bates Large Acceptance Spectrometer Toroid (BLAST) detector. The neutron form factor ratio G(E)(n)/G(M)(n) was extracted from the beam-target vector asymmetry A(ed)(V) at four-momentum transfers Q(2) = 0.14, 0.20, 0.29, and 0.42 (GeV/c)(2).
C1 [Kohl, M.; Ziskin, V.; Akdogan, T.; Bertozzi, W.; Botto, T.; Clasie, B.; Crawford, C. B.; DeGrush, A.; Donnelly, T. W.; Dow, K.; Farkhondeh, M.; Fatemi, R.; Filoti, O.; Franklin, W.; Gilad, S.; Hasell, D.; Kolster, H.; Maschinot, A.; Matthews, J.; Meitanis, N.; Milner, R. G.; Redwine, R. P.; Seely, J.; Shinozaki, A.; Sirca, S.; Steadman, M.; Tschalaer, C.; Tsentalovich, E.; Turchinetz, W.; Xiao, Y.; Zhang, C.; Zhou, Z.; Zwart, T.] MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Kohl, M.; Ziskin, V.; Akdogan, T.; Bertozzi, W.; Botto, T.; Clasie, B.; Crawford, C. B.; DeGrush, A.; Donnelly, T. W.; Dow, K.; Farkhondeh, M.; Fatemi, R.; Franklin, W.; Gilad, S.; Hasell, D.; Kolster, H.; Maschinot, A.; Matthews, J.; Meitanis, N.; Milner, R. G.; Redwine, R. P.; Seely, J.; Shinozaki, A.; Sirca, S.; Steadman, M.; Tschalaer, C.; Tsentalovich, E.; Turchinetz, W.; Xiao, Y.; Zhang, C.; Zhou, Z.; Zwart, T.] MIT, Bates Linear Accelerator Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Geis, E.; Alarcon, R.; Six, E.; Tonguc, B.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Arenhoevel, H.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Kernphys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
[Booth, E.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Calarco, J.; Filoti, O.; Karpius, P.; Lee, T.; Sindile, A.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Gao, H.; Xu, W.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Gao, H.; Xu, W.] Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[McIlhany, K.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Rapaport, J.] Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA.
[Smith, T.] Dartmouth Coll, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
RP Kohl, M (reprint author), MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM kohlm@jlab.org
RI Gao, Haiyan/G-2589-2011
FU MIT-Bates Linear Accelerator Center; US Department of Energy; National
Science Foundation
FX We thank the staff of the MIT-Bates Linear Accelerator Center for
delivering high quality electron beam and for their technical support,
and A. Bernstein for suggesting the form of the BLAST fit. This work has
been supported in part by the US Department of Energy and National
Science Foundation.
NR 35
TC 47
Z9 47
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 25
PY 2008
VL 101
IS 4
AR 042501
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.042501
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 337HV
UT WOS:000258427100013
PM 18764321
ER
PT J
AU Gordon, DF
Hafizi, B
Kaganovich, D
Ting, A
AF Gordon, D. F.
Hafizi, B.
Kaganovich, D.
Ting, A.
TI Electro-optic shocks from ultraintense laser-plasma interactions
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID HARMONIC-GENERATION; UNDERDENSE PLASMAS; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; WAVES
AB Second harmonic radiation in the form of an electro-optic shock is produced in the blowout regime of a laser wakefield in a plasma. The shock is produced by the interaction between the laser field and the electron sheath surrounding the electron cavitation region. Because the sheath is thin, phase matching is unimportant, and the radiated energy grows secularly with the interaction length. The angle of emission is given by the Cherenkov angle associated with the ratio of the second harmonic phase velocity to the fundamental phase velocity. The shock formation is investigated in three dimensions via analysis and particle-in-cell simulations.
C1 [Gordon, D. F.; Ting, A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Hafizi, B.; Kaganovich, D.] Icarus Res Inc, Bethesda, MD 20824 USA.
RP Gordon, DF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
OI Kaganovich, Dmitri/0000-0002-0905-5871
NR 14
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 25
PY 2008
VL 101
IS 4
AR 045004
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.045004
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 337HV
UT WOS:000258427100029
PM 18764337
ER
PT J
AU Helber, RW
Barron, CN
Carnes, MR
Zingarelli, RA
AF Helber, Robert W.
Barron, Charlie N.
Carnes, Michael R.
Zingarelli, Robert A.
TI Evaluating the sonic layer depth relative to the mixed layer depth
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID ACOUSTIC TRANSMISSION; SURFACE DUCT; OCEAN; PROPAGATION; MODEL; SEA
AB Using a global set of in situ temperature and salinity profile observations, the sonic layer depth (SLD) and the mixed layer depth (MLD) are analyzed and compared over the annual cycle. The SLD characterizes the potential of the upper ocean to trap acoustic energy in a surface duct while MLD characterizes upper ocean mixing. The SLD is computed from temperature and salinity profile pairs using a new tunable method while MLD is computed using recently developed methods and either temperature only profiles or temperature and salinity profile pairs. Both SLD and MLD estimates provide information on different and important aspects of the upper ocean. The SLD and MLD often coincide because sound speed increases with depth down to the MLD, where (typically) a decrease in temperature occurs, resulting in a local maximum sound speed. The depth of this maximum sound speed is the SLD. The SLD and MLD are not always the same because sound speed is substantially more sensitive to temperature than to salinity compared to density. Since MLD is a commonly known and studied parameter, MLD is often used as a proxy for SLD in scientific and operational applications. In the boreal spring when fresh restratification events occur, the SLD is 10 m deeper (shallower) than the MLD in 39% (7%) of the observed profiles. A parabolic equation acoustic transmission model is used to evaluate the relative skill of the SLD and MLD estimates to predict surface acoustic trapping as measured by a simple metric.
C1 [Helber, Robert W.; Barron, Charlie N.; Carnes, Michael R.; Zingarelli, Robert A.] USN REs Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, Bay St Louis, MS 39529 USA.
RP Helber, RW (reprint author), USN REs Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, Code 7323, Bay St Louis, MS 39529 USA.
EM helber@nrlssc.navy.mil
RI Barron, Charlie/C-1451-2008
NR 29
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD JUL 24
PY 2008
VL 113
IS C7
AR C07033
DI 10.1029/2007JC004595
PG 14
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 331GE
UT WOS:000257999900003
ER
PT J
AU Maslowski, W
Roman, R
Kinney, JC
AF Maslowski, Wieslaw
Roman, Ricardo
Kinney, Jaclyn Clement
TI Effects of mesoscale eddies on the flow of the Alaskan Stream
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID BERING-SEA; NORTHEAST PACIFIC; NORTHWESTERN GULF; CIRCULATION; OCEAN;
TRANSPORT; EDDY; HYDROGRAPHY; ALTIMETER; EXCHANGE
AB Using a high-resolution, pan-Arctic ice-ocean model forced with realistic atmospheric data, we examine the mean transport and temporal and spatial variability within the Alaskan Stream. Model results are analyzed and compared with observations, including satellite altimetry and CTD measurements. The mean net transport of the Alaskan Stream is found to be between 34 and 44 Sv, intensifying downstream. Mesoscale eddies are found to periodically move along the path of the Alaskan Stream and alter the mean position of the typically westward-flowing current. However, the strength of the current is not reduced as an anticyclonic eddy passes a point along the path. Instead, there appears to be an offshore ( or southward) shift in the current velocity core. Stationary measurement instruments may not be able to detect this shift in position over the slope if their southernmost location does not coincide with the current shift due to an eddy. This may result in recording of a weakened or sometimes reversed flow. Finally, we examine and demonstrate that modeled eddies within the Alaskan Stream have dominant effect on northward transport and variability through the eastern and central Aleutian Island passes.
C1 [Maslowski, Wieslaw; Roman, Ricardo; Kinney, Jaclyn Clement] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Maslowski, W (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, 833 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM maslowsk@nps.edu
NR 32
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD JUL 24
PY 2008
VL 113
IS C7
AR C07036
DI 10.1029/2007JC004341
PG 13
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 331GE
UT WOS:000257999900002
ER
PT J
AU Stone, RS
Anderson, GP
Shettle, EP
Andrews, E
Loukachine, K
Dutton, EG
Schaaf, C
Roman, MO
AF Stone, R. S.
Anderson, G. P.
Shettle, E. P.
Andrews, E.
Loukachine, K.
Dutton, E. G.
Schaaf, C.
Roman, M. O., III
TI Radiative impact of boreal smoke in the Arctic: Observed and modeled
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID REFLECTANCE DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION; AEROSOL OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ALBEDO
RETRIEVALS; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SURFACE; MODIS; CLOUDS;
VALIDATION; PARTICLES
AB The Arctic climate is modulated, in part, by the presence of aerosols that affect the horizontal and vertical distribution of radiant energy passing through the atmosphere. Aerosols affect the surface-atmosphere radiation balance directly through interactions with solar and terrestrial radiation and indirectly through interactions with cloud particles. During summer 2004 forest fires destroyed vast areas of boreal forest in Alaska and western Canada, releasing smoke into the atmosphere. Smoke aerosol passing over instrumented field sites near Barrow, Alaska, was monitored to determine its physical and optical properties and its impact on the surface radiation budget. Empirical determinations of the direct aerosol radiative forcing (DARF) by the smoke were used to corroborate simulations made using the Moderate Resolution Transmittance radiative transfer model, MODTRAN (TM) 5. DARF is defined as the change in net shortwave irradiance per unit of aerosol optical depth (AOD). DARF, varying with solar angle and surface type, was evaluated at the surface, at the top of the atmosphere (TOA), and within the intervening layers of the atmosphere. The TOA results are compared with fluxes derived from coincident satellite retrievals made using the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) radiance data. Smoke tends to reduce the net shortwave irradiance at the surface while increasing it within layers in which it resides. Over the Arctic tundra during summer, a layer of smoke having AOD = 0.5 at 500 nm produces a diurnally averaged DARF of about -40 W m(-2) at the surface and -20 W m (-2) at TOA, while the layer itself tends to warm at a rate of approximate to 1 K d(-1). The tendency of smoke to cool the surface while heating the layer above may lead to increased atmospheric stability and suppress cloud formation. Radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere is especially sensitive to small changes in surface albedo, evidenced in both the model results and satellite retrievals. TOA net shortwave flux decreases when smoke is present over dark surfaces and tends to increase if the underlying surface is bright. For example, at solar noon during midsummer at Barrow, a layer of smoke having AOD(500) = 0.5 will reduce the net shortwave flux at TOA by approximate to 30 W m(-2) over the ocean while at the same time increasing it by 20 W m(-2) over an adjacent area of melting sea ice. For smoke aerosol, the sensitivity of DARF to changing surface albedo (assuming a solar zenith angle of 50 degrees) is about +15 W m(-2) AOD(-1) for every increase in surface albedo of 0.10. Throughout the Arctic summer, surface and TOA cooling and a tendency toward warming in the intervening atmospheric layers are the dominant radiative impacts of boreal smoke over the ocean and tundra areas, but the radiative forcing at TOA is positive over regions covered by ice or snow. Enhanced differential cooling/heating of ocean, ice, and snow due to the presence of smoke in the atmosphere may affect regional circulation patterns by perturbing diabatic processes. Should the frequency and intensity of boreal fires increase in the future because of global warming, the more persistent presence of smoke in the atmosphere may be manifest as a negative feedback at the surface. In addition, there will likely be indirect radiative impacts of the smoke as it influences cloudiness, which in turn further modulates the Arctic radiation budget.
C1 [Stone, R. S.; Andrews, E.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Anderson, G. P.; Dutton, E. G.] NOAA, Global Monitoring Div, Earth System Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Loukachine, K.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hampton, VA 23666 USA.
[Schaaf, C.; Roman, M. O., III] Boston Univ, Ctr Remote Sensing, Dept Geog, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Shettle, E. P.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Anderson, G. P.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA USA.
RP Stone, RS (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM robert.stone@noaa.gov
RI Roman, Miguel/D-4764-2012
OI Roman, Miguel/0000-0003-3953-319X
NR 75
TC 46
Z9 49
U1 4
U2 26
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 22
PY 2008
VL 113
IS D14
AR D14S16
DI 10.1029/2007JD009657
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 331FA
UT WOS:000257996900008
ER
PT J
AU Dietrich, DE
Tseng, YH
Medina, R
Piacsek, SA
Liste, M
Olabarrieta, M
Bowman, MJ
Mehra, A
AF Dietrich, David E.
Tseng, Yu-Heng
Medina, Raul
Piacsek, Steve A.
Liste, Maria
Olabarrieta, Maitane
Bowman, Malcolm J.
Mehra, Avichal
TI Mediterranean Overflow Water (MOW) simulation using a coupled
multiple-grid Mediterranean Sea/North Atlantic Ocean model
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC; ALBORAN-SEA; CIRCULATION; ENTRAINMENT; COORDINATE;
1/10-DEGREES; CLIMATOLOGY; TOPOGRAPHY; DYNAMICS; OUTFLOW
AB [1] A z- level, 4th- order- accurate ocean model is applied in six two- way- coupled grids spanning the Mediterranean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean ( MEDiNA). Resolutions vary from 1/4 degrees in central North Atlantic to 1/24 degrees in Strait of Gibraltar region. This allows the MEDiNA model to efficiently resolve small features ( e. g., Strait of Gibraltar) in a multibasin, multiscale model. Such small features affect all scales because of nonlinearity and low dissipation. The grid coupling using one coarse grid overlap is nearly seamless without intergrid sponge layers. No instant convective adjustment or other highly diffusive process is used. The deep water in the 1/ 8 Mediterranean Sea grid is formed by the resolved flows that emulate subgrid- scale processes directly. Downslope migration of Mediterranean Overflow Water ( MOW) water involves dense water flowing away from the bottom laterally over bottom stairsteps in the z- level model, thus flowing over less dense underlying water. Without excessively water mass- diluting process, the advection dominates the downslope migration of thin, dense MOW in the simulation. The model results show realisticMOWmigration to the observed equilibrium depth, followed by lateral spreading near that depth. The results are also consistent with the climatology along 43 degrees N, where the MOW hugs a steep shelfslope centered at similar to 1 km depth and then spreads westward, with the salinity core ( S > 35.7) reaching 18 degrees W. This study clearly restores z- level models to a competitive status doing density current simulations.
C1 [Dietrich, David E.] AcuSea Inc, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Bowman, Malcolm J.] SUNY Stony Brook, Marine Sci Res Ctr, Stony Brook, NY USA.
[Medina, Raul; Liste, Maria; Olabarrieta, Maitane] Univ Cantabria, Ocean & Coastal Res Grp, E-39005 Santander, Spain.
[Mehra, Avichal] NOAA, NCEP NWS, Environm Modeling Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Piacsek, Steve A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA.
[Tseng, Yu-Heng] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
RP Dietrich, DE (reprint author), AcuSea Inc, 8450-101 Via Sonoma, La Jolla, CA USA.
RI Medina, Raul/L-2456-2014;
OI Medina, Raul/0000-0002-0126-2710; Tseng, Yu-heng/0000-0002-4816-4974
NR 45
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD JUL 22
PY 2008
VL 113
IS C7
AR C07027
DI 10.1029/2006JC003914
PG 14
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 331GD
UT WOS:000257999800001
ER
PT J
AU Friedman, M
Myers, MC
Chan, Y
Sethian, JD
AF Friedman, M.
Myers, M. C.
Chan, Y.
Sethian, J. D.
TI Response to "Comment on 'Properties of ceramic honeycomb cathodes'"
Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 036103 (2008)
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Friedman, M.; Myers, M. C.; Chan, Y.; Sethian, J. D.] USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Friedman, M (reprint author), USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM friedman@this.nrl.navy.mil
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 21
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 3
AR 036104
DI 10.1063/1.2957977
PG 1
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 330UQ
UT WOS:000257968700127
ER
PT J
AU Vurgaftman, I
Holub, M
Jonker, BT
Meyer, JR
AF Vurgaftman, I.
Holub, M.
Jonker, B. T.
Meyer, J. R.
TI Estimating threshold reduction for spin-injected semiconductor lasers
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM-WELLS; RELAXATION; BARRIER; GAAS
AB The magnitude of threshold reduction in a semiconductor laser with electron spin injection is shown to depend on such intrinsic properties of the active region as the dominant recombination mechanism, the ratio of hole-to-electron densities of states, the active-region doping, and the available material gain as well as cavity properties such as the optical loss. The threshold reduction is expected to be greatest when the laser's active region is undoped, the recombination is strongly dominated by Auger processes, and the threshold gain is low. It can approach a factor of 3.5 for fully spin-polarized electrons in the active region. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Vurgaftman, I.; Holub, M.; Jonker, B. T.; Meyer, J. R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Vurgaftman, I (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM vurgaftman@nrl.navy.mil
NR 18
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 21
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 3
AR 031102
DI 10.1063/1.2957656
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 330UQ
UT WOS:000257968700002
ER
PT J
AU Habasaki, J
Ngai, KL
AF Habasaki, J.
Ngai, K. L.
TI Refinements in the characterization of the heterogeneous dynamics of Li
ions in lithium metasilicate
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID IONICALLY CONDUCTING GLASSES; TRUNCATED LEVY FLIGHTS;
MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SILICATE-GLASSES; ANOMALOUS DIFFUSION;
STOCHASTIC-PROCESS; COUPLING MODEL; SIMULATION; RELAXATION; MOTION
AB We have performed the molecular dynamics simulations of ionically conducting lithium metasilicate, Li2SiO3, to get a more in depth understanding of the heterogeneous ion dynamics by separating out the partial contributions from localized and diffusive ions to the mean square displacement (MSD) < r(2)(t)>, the non-Gaussian parameter alpha(2)(t), and the van Hove function G(s)(r,t). Several different cage sizes l(c) have been used for the definition of localized ions. Behaviors of fast ions are obtained by the subtraction of the localized component from the < r(2)(t)> of all ions, and accelerated dynamics is found in the resultant subensemble. The fractional power law of MSD is explained by the geometrical correlation between successive jumps. The waiting time distribution of jumps also plays a role in determining < r(2)(t)> but does not affect the exponent of its fractional power law time dependence. Partial non-Gaussian parameters are found to be instructive to learn how long length-scale motions contribute to various quantities. As a function of time, the partial non-Gaussian parameter for the localized ions exhibits a maximum at around t(x2), the onset time of the fractional power law regime of < r(2)(t)>. The position of the maximum is slightly dependent on the choice of l(c). The power law increases in the non-Gaussian parameter before the maximum are attributed to the Levy distribution of length scales of successive (long) jumps. The decreases with time, after the maximum has been reached, are due to large back correlation of motions of different length scales. The dynamics of fast ions with superlinear dependence in their MSD also start at time around the maximum. Also investigated are the changes of the characteristic times demarcating different regimes of < r(2)(t)> on increasing temperatures from the glassy state to the liquid state. Relation between the activation energies for short time and long time regimes of < r(2)(t)> is in accord with interpretation of ion dynamics by the coupling model. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Habasaki, J.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2268502, Japan.
[Ngai, K. L.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Habasaki, J (reprint author), Tokyo Inst Technol, Nagatsuta 4259, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2268502, Japan.
EM habasaki.j.aa@m.titech.ac.jp
RI Habasaki, Junko/B-9283-2015
OI Habasaki, Junko/0000-0002-2887-2340
NR 60
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 8
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JUL 21
PY 2008
VL 129
IS 3
AR 034503
DI 10.1063/1.2951463
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 329BA
UT WOS:000257840700018
PM 18647027
ER
PT J
AU Pelusi, MD
Luan, F
Magi, E
Lamont, MRE
Moss, DJ
Eggleton, BJ
Sanghera, JS
Shaw, LB
Aggarwal, ID
AF Pelusi, M. D.
Luan, F.
Magi, E.
Lamont, M. R. E.
Moss, D. J.
Eggleton, B. J.
Sanghera, J. S.
Shaw, L. B.
Aggarwal, I. D.
TI High bit rate all-optical signal processing in a fiber photonic wire
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID CROSS-PHASE MODULATION; WAVELENGTH CONVERSION; SUPERCONTINUUM
GENERATION; CHALCOGENIDE FIBER; WAVE-GUIDES; NONLINEARITY; NANOWIRES
AB We report the first demonstration of high bit rate signal processing by a fiber-based photonic wire. We achieve 160Gb/s demultiplexing via four wave mixing in a 1.9 mu m diameter photonic wire tapered from As2S3 chalcogenide glass single mode fibre, with very low pump power requirements ( < 20mW average power, 0.45W peak power), enabled by a very high nonlinearity (gamma similar to 7850 W-1 km (-1)) and greatly reduced dispersion. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America.
C1 [Pelusi, M. D.; Luan, F.; Magi, E.; Lamont, M. R. E.; Moss, D. J.; Eggleton, B. J.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, CUDOS, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
[Sanghera, J. S.; Shaw, L. B.; Aggarwal, I. D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Moss, DJ (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, CUDOS, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
EM dmoss@physics.usyd.edu.au
RI moss, david/B-8721-2011; Lamont, Michael/C-9216-2012; Luan,
Feng/A-5109-2011
NR 25
TC 44
Z9 45
U1 1
U2 6
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JUL 21
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 15
BP 11506
EP 11512
DI 10.1364/OE.16.011506
PG 7
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 332FX
UT WOS:000258069100073
PM 18648471
ER
PT J
AU Beadie, G
Shirk, JS
Rosenberg, A
Lane, PA
Fleet, E
Kamdar, AR
Jin, Y
Ponting, M
Kazmierczak, T
Yang, Y
Hiltner, A
Baer, E
AF Beadie, G.
Shirk, James S.
Rosenberg, A.
Lane, Paul A.
Fleet, E.
Kamdar, A. R.
Jin, Y.
Ponting, M.
Kazmierczak, T.
Yang, Y.
Hiltner, A.
Baer, E.
TI Optical properties of a bio-inspired gradient refractive index polymer
lens
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROLAYER COEXTRUSION; CRYSTALLINE LENS; DESIGN; POWER
AB The design, fabrication, and properties of one of a new class of gradient-index lenses are reported. The lens is an f/2.25 GRIN singlet based on a nanolayered polymer composite material, designed to correct for spherical aberration. The light gathering and focusing properties of the polymer lens are compared to a homogeneous BK7 glass singlet with a similar f-number. The modulation transfer function of the polymer GRIN lens exceeded that of the homogeneous glass lens at all spatial frequencies and was as much as 3 times better at 5 cyc/mm. The weight of the polymer lens was approximately an order of magnitude less than the homogeneous glass lens. (c) 2008 Optical Society of America.
C1 [Kamdar, A. R.; Jin, Y.; Ponting, M.; Kazmierczak, T.; Yang, Y.; Hiltner, A.; Baer, E.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Ctr Appl Polymer Res, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Kamdar, A. R.; Jin, Y.; Ponting, M.; Kazmierczak, T.; Yang, Y.; Hiltner, A.; Baer, E.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Macromol Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Beadie, G.; Shirk, James S.; Rosenberg, A.; Lane, Paul A.; Fleet, E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Beadie, G (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM guy.beadie@nrl.navy.mil
NR 19
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 4
U2 27
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JUL 21
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 15
BP 11540
EP 11547
DI 10.1364/OE.16.011540
PG 8
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 332FX
UT WOS:000258069100077
PM 18648475
ER
PT J
AU Rho, YA
Liebovitch, LS
Schwartz, IB
AF Rho, Young-Ah
Liebovitch, Larry S.
Schwartz, Ira B.
TI Dynamical response of multi-patch, flux-based models to the input of
infected people: Epidemic response to initiated events
SO PHYSICS LETTERS A
LA English
DT Article
DE diseases; epidemic models; computer modeling and simulation; ordinary
differential equations; flux based multi-patch models; spatial
heterogeneity; annual driving; transient time; reproductive rate
ID IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMS; DIFFUSION; DRIVEN
AB The time course of an epidemic can be modeled using the differential equations that describe the spread of disease and by dividing people into "patches" of different sizes with the migration of people between these patches. We used these multi-patch, flux-based models to determine how the time course of infected and susceptible populations depends on the disease parameters, the geometry of the migrations between the patches, and the addition of infected people into a patch. We found that there are significantly longer lived transients and additional "ancillary" epidemics when the reproductive rate R is closer to 1, as would be typical of SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) and bird flu, than when R is closer to 10, as would be typical of measles. In addition we show, both analytical and numerical, how the time delay between the injection of infected people into a patch and the corresponding initial epidemic that it produces depends on R. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Rho, Young-Ah; Liebovitch, Larry S.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Ctr Complex Syst & Brain Sci, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA.
[Liebovitch, Larry S.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Ctr Mol Biol & Biotechnol, Dept Psychol, Dept Biomed Sci, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA.
[Schwartz, Ira B.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Rho, YA (reprint author), Florida Atlantic Univ, Ctr Complex Syst & Brain Sci, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA.
EM rho@ccs.fau.edu
RI Schwartz, Ira/A-8073-2009
NR 15
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-9601
J9 PHYS LETT A
JI Phys. Lett. A
PD JUL 21
PY 2008
VL 372
IS 30
BP 5017
EP 5025
DI 10.1016/j.physleta.2008.05.065
PG 9
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 334GU
UT WOS:000258211100010
ER
PT J
AU Melendez, M
Kraemer, SB
Armentrout, BK
Deo, RP
Crenshaw, DM
Schmitt, HR
Mushotzky, RF
Tueller, J
Markwardt, CB
Winter, L
AF Melendez, M.
Kraemer, S. B.
Armentrout, B. K.
Deo, R. P.
Crenshaw, D. M.
Schmitt, H. R.
Mushotzky, R. F.
Tueller, J.
Markwardt, C. B.
Winter, L.
TI New indicators for agn power: The correlation between [O IV] 25.89 mu m
and hard X-ray luminosity for nearby seyfert galaxies
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : Seyfert; infrared : galaxies; X-rays : galaxies
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; NARROW-LINE REGION; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE;
INFRARED-SELECTED SAMPLE; XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS; EMISSION-LINE;
PHYSICAL CONDITIONS; RADIO-SOURCES; RESOLVED SPECTROSCOPY; INTRINSIC
ABSORPTION
AB We have studied the relationship between the [O iv] 25.89 mu m emission- line luminosities, obtained from Spitzer spectra, the X- ray continua in the 2Y10 keV band, primarily from ASCA, and the 14Y195 keV band obtained with the SWIFT Burst Alert Telescope ( BAT), for a sample of nearby ( z < 0: 08) Seyfert galaxies. For comparison, we have examined the relationship between the [ O iii] k5007, the 2Y10 keV, and the 14Y195 keV luminosities for the same set of objects. We find that both the [ O iv] and [ O iii] luminosities are well correlated with the BAT luminosities. When comparing [ O iv] and [ O iii] luminosities for the different types of galaxies, we find that the Seyfert 2s have significantly lower [ O iii] to [ Oiv] ratios than the Seyfert 1s. We suggest that this is due to more reddening of the narrowline region ( NLR) of the Seyfert 2s, since the [ O iv] 25.89 mu m emission line is much less affected by extinction. The combined effects of reddening and the X- ray absorption is the probable reason why the [ O iii] versus 2Y10 keV correlation is better than the [ O iv] versus 2Y10 kev correlation. Based on photoionization models, we find that the [ O iv] comes from higher ionization states and lower density regions than previous studies had determined for [ O iii]. Overall, we find the [ O iv] to be an accurate indicator of the power of the AGN.
C1 [Melendez, M.; Kraemer, S. B.; Armentrout, B. K.] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, Inst Astrophys & Computat Sci, Washington, DC 20064 USA.
[Deo, R. P.; Crenshaw, D. M.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA.
[Schmitt, H. R.] Interferometr Inc, Herndon, VA 20151 USA.
[Schmitt, H. R.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Mushotzky, R. F.; Tueller, J.; Markwardt, C. B.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Winter, L.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Melendez, M (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, Inst Astrophys & Computat Sci, Washington, DC 20064 USA.
EM 07melendez@cua.edu
RI Tueller, Jack/D-5334-2012
NR 90
TC 82
Z9 82
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUL 20
PY 2008
VL 682
IS 1
BP 94
EP 103
DI 10.1086/588807
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 328YL
UT WOS:000257834000008
ER
PT J
AU Giacintucci, S
Vrtilek, JM
Murgia, M
Raychaudhury, S
O'Sullivan, EJ
Venturi, T
David, LP
Mazzotta, P
Clarke, TE
Athreya, RM
AF Giacintucci, Simona
Vrtilek, Jan M.
Murgia, Matteo
Raychaudhury, Somak
O'Sullivan, Ewan J.
Venturi, Tiziana
David, Laurence P.
Mazzotta, Pasquale
Clarke, Tracy E.
Athreya, Ramana M.
TI A giant metrewave radio telescope multifrequency radio study of the
isothermal core of the poor galaxy cluster AWM 4
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : clusters : general; galaxies : clusters : individual (AWM4);
intergalactic medium; radio continuum : galaxies; X-rays : galaxies :
clusters
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; COOLING FLOWS; ABELL CLUSTERS; SKY SURVEY;
DYNAMICAL MODELS; 1ST SURVEY; JETS; GHZ; ACCRETION; FEEDBACK
AB We present a detailed radio morphological study and spectral analysis of the wide-angle tail radio source 4C + 24.36 associated with the dominant galaxy in the relaxed galaxy cluster AWM4. Our study is based on new high-sensitivity GMRT observations at 235, 327, and 610 MHz and on literature and archival data at other frequencies. We find that the source major axis is likely oriented at a small angle with respect to the plane of the sky. The wide-angle tail morphology can be reasonably explained by adopting a simple hydrodynamical model in which both ram pressure ( driven by the motion of the host galaxy) and buoyancy forces contribute to bend the radio structure. The spectral index progressively steepens along the source major axis from alpha similar to 0: 3 in the region close to the radio nucleus to beyond 1.5 in the lobes. The results of the analysis of the spectral index image allow us to derive an estimate of the radiative age of the source of similar to 160 Myr. The cluster X-ray-emitting gas has a relaxed morphology and short cooling time, but its temperature profile is isothermal out to at least 160 kpc from the center. Therefore, we seek evidence of energy ejection from the central AGN to prevent catastrophic cooling. We find that the energy injected by 4C + 24.36 in the form of synchrotron luminosity during its lifetime is far less than the energy required to maintain the high gas temperature in the core. We also find that it is not possible for the central source to eject the requisite energy in the intracluster gas in terms of the enthalpy of buoyant bubbles of relativistic fluid, without creating discernible large cavities in the existing X-ray XMM-Newton observations.
C1 [Giacintucci, Simona; Murgia, Matteo; Venturi, Tiziana] Ist Radioastron, INAF, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
[Giacintucci, Simona; Vrtilek, Jan M.; Raychaudhury, Somak; O'Sullivan, Ewan J.; David, Laurence P.; Mazzotta, Pasquale] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Murgia, Matteo] Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, INAF, I-09012 Capoterra, Italy.
[Raychaudhury, Somak] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
[Mazzotta, Pasquale] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Clarke, Tracy E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Clarke, Tracy E.] Interferometr Inc, Herndon, VA 20171 USA.
[Athreya, Ramana M.] Natl Ctr Radio Astrophys, Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India.
RP Giacintucci, S (reprint author), Ist Radioastron, INAF, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
EM sgiaci_s@ira.inaf.it
RI Mazzotta, Pasquale/B-1225-2016;
OI Mazzotta, Pasquale/0000-0002-5411-1748; Venturi,
Tiziana/0000-0002-8476-6307; Murgia, Matteo/0000-0002-4800-0806;
O'Sullivan, Ewan/0000-0002-5671-6900
NR 96
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUL 20
PY 2008
VL 682
IS 1
BP 186
EP 198
DI 10.1086/589280
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 328YL
UT WOS:000257834000015
ER
PT J
AU Raymond, JC
Isenberg, PA
Laming, JM
AF Raymond, J. C.
Isenberg, Philip A.
Laming, J. M.
TI Non-Maxwellian proton velocity distributions in nonradiative shocks
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM : lines and bands; line : profiles; shock waves; supernova remnants;
turbulence
ID TYCHOS SUPERNOVA-REMNANT; BALMER-DOMINATED SHOCKS; INTERSTELLAR PICKUP
PROTONS; SOLAR-WIND; MAGNETIC-FIELD; COSMIC-RAYS; CYGNUS LOOP; BOW
SHOCK; ELECTROMAGNETIC INSTABILITIES; COLLISIONLESS SHOCKS
AB The Balmer line profiles of nonradiative supernova remnant shocks provide the means to measure the postshock proton velocity distribution. While most analyses assume a Maxwellian velocity distribution, this is unlikely to be correct. In particular, neutral atoms that pass through the shock and become ionized downstream form a nonthermal distribution similar to that of pickup ions in the solar wind. We predict the H alpha line profiles from the combination of pickup protons and the ordinary shocked protons, and we consider the extent to which this distribution could affect the shock parameters derived from H alpha profiles. The Maxwellian assumption could lead to an underestimate of shock speed by up to about 15%. The isotropization of the pickup ion population generates wave energy, and we find that for the most favorable parameters this energy could significantly heat the thermal particles. Sufficiently accurate profiles could constrain the strength and direction of the magnetic field in the shocked plasma, and we discuss the distortions from a Gaussian profile to be expected in Tycho's supernova remnant.
C1 [Raymond, J. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Isenberg, Philip A.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Isenberg, Philip A.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Laming, J. M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Raymond, JC (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 73
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUL 20
PY 2008
VL 682
IS 1
BP 408
EP 415
DI 10.1086/589645
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 328YL
UT WOS:000257834000032
ER
PT J
AU Newbery, AP
Ahn, B
Topping, TD
Pao, PS
Nutt, SR
Lavernia, EJ
AF Newbery, A. P.
Ahn, B.
Topping, T. D.
Pao, P. S.
Nutt, S. R.
Lavernia, E. J.
TI Large UFG Al alloy plates from cryomilling
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE nanocrystalline powder; hot isostatic pressing; extrusion;
quasi-isostatic forging; ultra-fine grained microstructure; mechanical
properties
ID MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR; DEFORMATION
AB To assess potential routes for the production of high-strength Al 5083, gas-atomized powder was cryogenically ball-milled, to obtain a nanocrystalline structure, then hot vacuum degassed and consolidated by two methods: (1) hot isostatic pressing (HIPping) and extrusion, and (2) two-step quasi-isostatic (QI) forging. The consolidated billet in both cases was hot-rolled to produce 19 mm plate. Despite grain growth and differences in the consolidation and deformation processing, a similar, ultra-fine grained microstructure was obtained in both plates, with elongated grains predominantly in the range 100-500 nm. The cryomilled plates had similar tensile strengths in the plane of the plate, which were up to 60% greater than conventionally processed and work-hardened Al S083. However, the QI-forged plate had significantly higher fracture toughness than the HIP/extruded plate, which was brittle for crack surfaces in the plane of the plate. The disparity in toughness values was attributed to differences in the prior powder particle boundary structure. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Newbery, A. P.; Topping, T. D.; Lavernia, E. J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Ahn, B.; Nutt, S. R.] Univ So Calif, Dept Mat Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Pao, P. S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Newbery, AP (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM apnewbery@ucdavis.edu
RI Ahn, Byungmin/B-3845-2010; Lavernia, Enrique/I-6472-2013
OI Ahn, Byungmin/0000-0002-0866-6398; Lavernia, Enrique/0000-0003-2124-8964
NR 14
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0924-0136
J9 J MATER PROCESS TECH
JI J. Mater. Process. Technol.
PD JUL 18
PY 2008
VL 203
IS 1-3
BP 37
EP 45
DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.09.078
PG 9
WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 316ML
UT WOS:000256953800004
ER
PT J
AU Walton, SG
Lock, EH
Fernsler, RF
AF Walton, Scott G.
Lock, Evgeniya H.
Fernsler, Richard F.
TI Plasma modification of solid and porous polyethylene
SO PLASMA PROCESSES AND POLYMERS
LA English
DT Article
ID BEAM-GENERATED PLASMAS; SURFACE MODIFICATION; ARGON; SF6
AB The use of electron beam generated plasmas to modify the surface of solid and porous polyethylene substrates is discussed. In both cases, the hydrophobicity of the material was increased by exposing the substrates to electron beam generated plasmas produced in Ar/SF6 mixtures. The solid material studies served as a basis for understanding the plasma-induced changes at the substrate surface, while the porous material was treated using a system designed for two-sided processing applications and proved to be the best way to maximize treatment. Plasma diagnostics were used to characterize the ion and neutral fluxes at the substrates and thereby obtain a better understanding of the plasma-polymer interaction.
C1 [Walton, Scott G.; Lock, Evgeniya H.; Fernsler, Richard F.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Walton, SG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM scott.walton@nrl.navy.mil
NR 29
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1612-8850
EI 1612-8869
J9 PLASMA PROCESS POLYM
JI Plasma Process. Polym.
PD JUL 18
PY 2008
VL 5
IS 5
BP 453
EP 459
DI 10.1002/ppap.200800003
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Condensed Matter;
Polymer Science
SC Physics; Polymer Science
GA 329YV
UT WOS:000257907400005
ER
PT J
AU Soto, CM
Martin, BD
Sapsford, KE
Blum, AS
Ratna, BR
AF Soto, Carissa M.
Martin, Brett D.
Sapsford, Kim E.
Blum, Amy Szuchmacher
Ratna, Banahalli R.
TI Toward single molecule detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin B: Mobile
sandwich immunoassay on gliding microtubules
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID SIZED CANTILEVER SENSORS; MOTOR PROTEINS; KINESIN MOLECULES; ARRAY
BIOSENSOR; TRANSPORT; SURFACES; CARGO; SHUTTLES; MOVEMENT; MOTILITY
AB An immunoassay based on gliding microtubules (MTs) is described for the detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin B. Detection is performed in a sandwich immunoassay format. Gliding microtubules carry the antigen-specific "capture" antibody, and bound analyte is detected using a fluorescent viral scaffold as the tracer. A detailed modification scheme for the MTs postpolymerization is described along with corresponding quantification by fluorescence spectroscopy. The resultant antibody-MTs maintain their morphology and gliding capabilities. We report a limit of detection down to 0.5 ng/mL during active transport in a 30 min assay time and down to 1 ng/mL on static surfaces. This study demonstrates the kinesin/MT-mediated capture, transport, and detection of the biowarfare agent SEB in a microfluidic format.
C1 [Soto, Carissa M.; Martin, Brett D.; Blum, Amy Szuchmacher; Ratna, Banahalli R.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Sapsford, Kim E.] George Mason Univ, Manassas, VA 20110 USA.
RP Soto, CM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM carissa.soto@nrl.navy.mil
NR 64
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 15
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD JUL 15
PY 2008
VL 80
IS 14
BP 5433
EP 5440
DI 10.1021/ac800541x
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 325OL
UT WOS:000257598100021
PM 18543949
ER
PT J
AU Neta, B
AF Neta, B.
TI On Popovski's method for nonlinear equations
SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION
LA English
DT Article
DE nonlinear equations; simple roots; Popovski's method; Chebyshev's method
AB Two different modi. cations of Popovski's method are developed, both are free of second derivatives. In the first modified scheme we traded the second derivative by an additional function evaluation. In the second method we replaced the second derivative by a finite difference and thus reducing the order slightly and reducing the number of evaluations per step by one. Therefore the second modi. cation is more efficient. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Neta, B (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM bneta@nps.edu
RI Neta, Beny/B-1737-2009
NR 8
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0096-3003
J9 APPL MATH COMPUT
JI Appl. Math. Comput.
PD JUL 15
PY 2008
VL 201
IS 1-2
BP 710
EP 715
DI 10.1016/j.amc.2008.01.012
PG 6
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 312HQ
UT WOS:000256660400067
ER
PT J
AU Green, RE
Breed, GA
Dagg, MJ
Lohrenz, SE
AF Green, Rebecca E.
Breed, Greg A.
Dagg, Michael J.
Lohrenz, Steven E.
TI Modeling the response of primary production and sedimentation to
variable nitrate loading in the Mississippi River plume
SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Coastal Ecosystem Responses to Changing Nutrient Inputs
from Large Temperate and Sub-Tropical Rivers
CY MAY 29-JUN 01, 2005
CL Xiamen Univ China, Fujian, PEOPLES R CHINA
HO Xiamen Univ China
DE ecosystem model; Mississippi River plume; nitrogen primary production;
sedimentation
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; PHYTOPLANKTON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; ENHANCED PRIMARY
PRODUCTION; ORGANIC-CARBON; COASTAL WATERS; FOOD-WEB; SEA; HYPOXIA;
FLUXES; SHELF
AB Increases in nitrate loading to the Mississippi River watershed during the last 50 years are considered responsible for the increase in hypoxic zone size in Louisiana-Texas shelf bottom waters. There is currently a national mandate to decrease the size of the hypoxic zone to 5000 km(2) by 2015, mostly by a 30% reduction in annual nitrogen discharge into the Gulf of Mexico. We developed an ecosystem model for the Mississippi River plume to investigate the response of organic matter production and sedimentation to variable nitrate loading. The nitrogen-based model consisted of nine compartments (nitrate, ammonium, labile dissolved organic nitrogen, bacteria, small phytoplankton, diatoms, micro- and mesozooplankton, and detritus), and was developed for the spring season, when sedimentation of organic matter from plume surface waters is considered important in the development of shelf hypoxia. The model was forced by physical parameters specified along the river-ocean salinity gradient, including residence time, light attenuation by dissolved and particulate matter, mixed layer depth, and dilution. The model was developed using measurements of biological biomasses and nutrient concentrations across the salinity gradient, and model validation was performed with an independent dataset of primary production measurements for different riverine NO3 loads. Based on simulations over the range of observed springtime NO3 loads, small phytoplankton contributed on average 80% to primary production for intermediate to high salinities (> 15), and the main contributors to modeled sedimentation at these salinities were diatom sinking, microzooplankton egestion, and small phytoplankton mortality. We investigated the impact of limiting factors on the relationship between NO3 loading and ecosystem rates. Model results showed that primary production was primarily limited by physical dilution of NO3, followed by abiotic light attenuation, light attenuation due to mixing, and diatom sinking. Sedimentation was mainly limited by the first three of these factors. Neither zooplankton grazing or plume residence times acted as limiting factors of ecosystem rates. Regarding nutrient reductions to the watershed, simulations showed that about half of the percent decrease in NO3 load was reflected in decreased plume sedimentation. For example, a 30% decrease in NO3 load resulted in a 19% decrease in average plume primary production and a 14% decrease in sedimentation. Finally, our model results indicated that the fraction of primary production exported from surface waters is highly variable with salinity (7-87%), a finding which has important implications for predictive models of hypoxic zone size that assume a constant value for this ratio. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Green, Rebecca E.] USN, Res Lab, Ocean Sci Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[Breed, Greg A.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biol, Halifax, NS B3H 4J1, Canada.
[Dagg, Michael J.] Louisiana Univ Marine Consortium, Chauvin, LA 70344 USA.
[Lohrenz, Steven E.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Green, RE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ocean Sci Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM rgreen@nrlssc.navy.mil; gbreed@dal.ca; mdagg@lumcon.edu;
steven.lohrenz@usm.edu
OI Lohrenz, Steven/0000-0003-3811-2975
NR 51
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 11
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0278-4343
J9 CONT SHELF RES
JI Cont. Shelf Res.
PD JUL 15
PY 2008
VL 28
IS 12
BP 1451
EP 1465
DI 10.1016/j.csr.2007.02.008
PG 15
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 325WU
UT WOS:000257620200007
ER
PT J
AU Sternberg, O
Stewart, KP
Hor, Y
Bandyopadhyay, A
Federici, JF
Bornefeld, M
Mathis, YL
Sliwinski, D
Moller, KD
Grebel, H
AF Sternberg, O.
Stewart, K. P.
Hor, Y.
Bandyopadhyay, A.
Federici, J. F.
Bornefeld, M.
Mathis, Y. -L.
Sliwinski, D.
Moeller, K. D.
Grebel, H.
TI Square-shaped metal screens in the infrared to terahertz spectral
region: Resonance frequency, band gap, and bandpass filter
characteristics
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSMISSION; SURFACE; ANGLE; GRIDS
AB Resonance frequency of freestanding, square-shaped thick metal screens have been studied here in the wavelength range of infrared (IR) to mm (20 to 0.2 THz). It was found that their peak transmission has a linear relationship to the screen's pitch. An experimental spectral feature, unaccounted for in typical simulations with plane parallel incident beams, was observed in the transmittance envelope for measurements in focused beams. In the past, this spectral feature was assigned to Wood's anomaly. Yet, unlike the latter, the observed spectral feature appears here in the long wavelength regime as well. We investigated this phenomenon for a large frequency range and assigned the spectral feature to the formation of a photonic band gap at oblique incidence. Many IR Fourier transform spectrometers use a noncollimated incident beam and such spectral features will appear whenever the local state of polarization includes components which are parallel to the plane of incidence. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Sternberg, O.; Sliwinski, D.; Moeller, K. D.; Grebel, H.] New Jersey Inst Technol, Elect Imaging Ctr, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
[Sternberg, O.; Sliwinski, D.; Moeller, K. D.; Grebel, H.] New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Elect Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
[Stewart, K. P.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Hor, Y.; Bandyopadhyay, A.; Federici, J. F.] New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
[Bornefeld, M.; Mathis, Y. -L.] Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Synchrotron Light Source ANKA, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.
RP Sternberg, O (reprint author), New Jersey Inst Technol, Elect Imaging Ctr, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
EM grebel@njit.edu
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JUL 15
PY 2008
VL 104
IS 2
AR 023103
DI 10.1063/1.2955765
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 333TH
UT WOS:000258174800003
ER
PT J
AU Williams, JA
Lumsden, JM
Yu, X
Feigenbamn, L
Zhang, JJ
Steinberg, SM
Hodes, RJ
AF Williams, Joy A.
Lumsden, Joanne M.
Yu, Xiang
Feigenbamn, Lionel
Zhang, Jingjing
Steinberg, Seth M.
Hodes, Richard J.
TI Regulation of thymic NKT cell development by the B7-CD28 costimulatory
pathway
SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID T-CELLS; NEGATIVE SELECTION; CUTTING EDGE; CD28-DEFICIENT MICE; CORTICAL
THYMOCYTES; POSITIVE SELECTION; CD28 COSTIMULATION; IN-VIVO; B-CELLS;
HOMEOSTASIS
AB Invariant NKT (iNKT) cells are a population of TCR alpha beta-expressing cells that are unique in several respects. In contrast to conventional T cells, iNKT cells are selected in the thymus for recognition of CD1, rather than conventional MHC class I or II, and are selected by CM-expressing double-positive thymocytes, rather than by the thymic stromal cells responsible for positive selection of conventional T cells. We have probed further the requirements for thymic iNKT cell development and find that these cells are highly sensitive to B7-CD28 costimulatory interactions, as evidenced by the substantially decreased numbers of thymic iNKT cells in CD28 and in B7 knockout mice. In contrast to the requirement for CD1, B7-CD28 signaling does not affect early iNKT cell lineage commitment, but exerts its influence on the subsequent intrathymic expansion and differentiation of iNKT cells. CD28 wild-type/CD28-deficient mixed bone marrow chimeras provided evidence of both cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous roles for CD28 during iNKT cell development. Paradoxically, transgenic mice in which thymic expression of B7 is elevated have essentially no measurable thymic iNKT cells. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the unique pathway involved in iNKT cell development is marked by a critical role of B7-CD28 interactions and that disruption or augmentation of this costimulatory interaction has substantial effects on iNKT cell development in the thymus.
C1 [Williams, Joy A.; Zhang, Jingjing; Hodes, Richard J.] NCI, Expt Immunol Branch, Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Steinberg, Seth M.] NCI, Biostat & Data Management Sect, Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Hodes, Richard J.] NIA, Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Lumsden, Joanne M.] USN, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Walter Reed Army Inst Med Res, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Yu, Xiang] Superarray Biosci Corp, Frederick, MD 21704 USA.
[Feigenbamn, Lionel] NCI, Frederick Canc Res & Dev Ctr, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.
RP Hodes, RJ (reprint author), NCI, Expt Immunol Branch, Natl Inst Hlth, Bldg 10 Room 4B10,10 Ctr Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
EM HodesR@mail.nih.gov
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 BC009281-21]
NR 54
TC 31
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0022-1767
J9 J IMMUNOL
JI J. Immunol.
PD JUL 15
PY 2008
VL 181
IS 2
BP 907
EP 917
PG 11
WC Immunology
SC Immunology
GA 330QV
UT WOS:000257958800009
PM 18606642
ER
PT J
AU Owrutsky, JC
Pomfret, MB
Barton, DJ
Kidwell, DA
AF Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.
Pomfret, Michael B.
Barton, David J.
Kidwell, David A.
TI Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of azide and cyanate ion pairs
in AOT reverse micelles
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; IN-OIL MICROEMULSIONS;
VIBRATIONAL-ENERGY RELAXATION; STATE PROTON-TRANSFER; AB-INITIO
CALCULATIONS; AEROSOL-OT; SOLVATION DYNAMICS; LIGHT-SCATTERING;
RESTRICTED ENVIRONMENT; SURFACTANT COUNTERION
AB Evidence for ion pair formation in aqueous bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) reverse micelles (RMs) was obtained from infrared spectra of azide and cyanate with Li(+), Na(+), K(+), and NH(4)(+) counterions. The anions' antisymmetric stretching bands near 2000 cm(-1) are shifted to higher frequency (blueshifted) in LiAOT and to a lesser extent in NaAOT, but they are very similar to those in bulk water with K(+) and NH(4)(+) as the counterions. The shifts are largest for low values of w(o)=[water]/[AOT] and approach the bulk value with increasing w(o). The blueshifts are attributed to ion pairing between the anions and the counterions. This interpretation is reinforced by the similar trend (Li(+)>Na(+)>K(+)) for producing contact ion pairs with the metal cations in bulk dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solutions. We find no evidence of ion pairs being formed in NH(4)AOT RMs, whereas ammonium does form ion pairs with azide and cyanate in bulk DMSO. Studies are also reported for the anions in formamide-containing AOT RMs, in which blueshifts and ion pair formation are observed more than in the aqueous RMs. Ion pairs are preferentially formed in confined RM systems, consistent with the well established ideas that RMs exhibit reduced polarity and a disrupted hydrogen bonding network compared to bulk water and that ion-specific effects are involved in mediating the structure of species at interfaces. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.; Pomfret, Michael B.; Barton, David J.; Kidwell, David A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Owrutsky, JC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jeff.owrutsky@nrl.navy.mil
RI Barton, David/C-9282-2011; Owrutsky, Jeffrey/K-7649-2012
OI Barton, David/0000-0003-0976-0383;
NR 96
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 20
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JUL 14
PY 2008
VL 129
IS 2
AR 024513
DI 10.1063/1.2952522
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 326AA
UT WOS:000257629100036
PM 18624544
ER
PT J
AU Helmboldt, JF
Walterbos, RAM
Goto, T
AF Helmboldt, J. F.
Walterbos, R. A. M.
Goto, T.
TI Current star formation in early-type galaxies and the K+A phenomenon
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : elliptical and lenticular, cD; galaxies : starburst; galaxies
: stellar content
ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SPECTROSCOPIC TARGET SELECTION; COLOR-MAGNITUDE
RELATION; GIANT ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; NUCLEAR STELLAR DISKS; DELTA-STRONG
GALAXIES; EARLY DATA RELEASE; E+A GALAXIES; IONIZED-GAS; PHOTOMETRIC
PROPERTIES
AB We present the results of an effort to identify and study a sample of the likely progenitors of elliptical (E) and lenticular (S0) K+A galaxies. To achieve this, we have searched a sample similar to 11 000 nearby (m (r) < 16) early-type galaxies selected by morphology from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) main spectroscopic sample for actively star-forming E and S0 galaxies. Using emission-line ratios and visual inspection of SDSS g-band images, we have identified 335 galaxies from the SDSS Fourth Data Release (DR4) as actively star-forming E and S0 galaxies. These galaxies make up about 3 per cent of the total early-type sample and less than 1 per cent of all main galaxies with m (r) < 16. We also identified a sample of similar to 400 K+A galaxies from DR4 with m (r) < 16; more than half of these are E and S0 galaxies. We find that star-forming early-type galaxies and K+A galaxies have similar mass distributions; they are on average less massive than typical early-type galaxies but more massive than the average star-forming galaxy. Both of these types of galaxies are found in higher fractions among all galaxies in lower density environments. The fractions of star-forming E and S0 galaxies and E and S0 K+A galaxies depend on environment in nearly the same way. Model spectra fit to the stellar continua of the star-forming E and S0 galaxies showed that their properties are consistent with star formation episodes of less than or similar to 1 Gyr in duration. The modelling results imply that on average, the star formation episodes will increase the stellar masses by about 4 per cent. The results also imply that only episodes that increase the stellar mass by more than 2-5 per cent will lead to K+A galaxies as we have defined them and that this is true for roughly 80 per cent of the star-forming E and S0 galaxies in our sample. The estimated typical increase in stellar mass implies that new stellar components of about 2 x 10(8) M(circle dot) will be formed on average. There is also evidence that the star-forming regions within these galaxies are rotationally supported. These two results, when combined with the galaxies' total masses and lack of prominent discs, suggest that the star formation within these galaxies may be confined to relatively small, central discs, similar to the nuclear stellar and dust discs found in many low-mass early-type galaxies.
C1 [Helmboldt, J. F.] USN, Res Lab, Code 7213, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Helmboldt, J. F.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Helmboldt, J. F.; Walterbos, R. A. M.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Astron, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Goto, T.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Kanagawa 2398510, Japan.
RP Helmboldt, JF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7213, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM joe.helmboldt@nrl.navy.mil
RI Helmboldt, Joseph/C-8105-2012
NR 86
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD JUL 11
PY 2008
VL 387
IS 4
BP 1537
EP 1553
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13229.x
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 327CC
UT WOS:000257706200017
ER
PT J
AU Helmboldt, JF
Taylor, GB
Walker, RC
Blandford, RD
AF Helmboldt, J. F.
Taylor, G. B.
Walker, R. C.
Blandford, R. D.
TI A statistical description of AGN jet evolution from the VLBA Imaging and
Polarimetry Survey (VIPS)
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE catalogs; galaxies : active; galaxies : jets; galaxies : nuclei; radio
continuum : galaxies; surveys
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; ALL-SKY SURVEY; RADIO-SOURCES; SUPERLUMINAL
MOTION; 5 GHZ; IMAGES; SCALES
AB A detailed analysis of the evolution of the properties of core-jet systems within the VLBA Imaging and Polarimetry Survey (VIPS) is presented. We find a power-law relationship between jet intensity and width that suggests that for the typical jet, little if any energy is lost as it moves away from its core. Using VLA images at 1.5 GHz, we have found evidence that parsec-scale jets tend to be aligned with the direction of emission on kiloparsec scales. We also found that this alignment improves as the jets move farther from their cores on projected scales as small as similar to 50-100 pc. This suggests that realignment of jets on these projected scales is relatively common. We typically find a modest amount of bending (a change in jet position angle of similar to 5 degrees) on these scales, suggesting that this realignment may typically occur relatively gradually.
C1 [Helmboldt, J. F.] USN, Res Lab, Code 7213, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Taylor, G. B.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Walker, R. C.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
[Blandford, R. D.] Stanford Univ, KIPAC, Stanford, CA 94309 USA.
RP Helmboldt, JF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7213, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RI Helmboldt, Joseph/C-8105-2012
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUL 10
PY 2008
VL 681
IS 2
BP 897
EP 904
DI 10.1086/588514
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 324JX
UT WOS:000257516000011
ER
PT J
AU Marmorino, GO
Smith, GB
AF Marmorino, G. O.
Smith, G. B.
TI Thermal remote sensing of estuarine spatial dynamics: Effects of
bottom-generated vertical mixing
SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE estuarine dynamics; remote sensing; infrared imagery; surface
temperature; water mixing; boils; USA; Washington; Sequim Bay
ID SURFACE; TURBULENCE; FRONTS; SEA
AB In a recent paper, Hedger, R.D., Malthus, T.J., Folkard, A.M., Atkinson, P.M. [2007. Spatial dynamics of estuarine water surface temperature from airborne remote sensing. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 71, 608-615] demonstrate that airborne thermal remote sensing shows great potential for monitoring estuarine dynamics and surface currents. One aspect needing further attention is the impact of bottom-generated vertical mixing as this can create both stationary thermal features as well as thermal patterns that advect with the flow. This dual effect is illustrated using airborne infrared imagery of a mixing front having an embedded pattern of thermal boils. The boils are several meters in diameter (in water less than 4 m deep) and are similar to 0.2 degrees C cooler than the ambient water surface. Time sequential imagery that captures the movement of individual boils as well as their growth rate can be used to deduce both the near-surface current and the intensity of turbulent mixing. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Marmorino, G. O.; Smith, G. B.] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Marmorino, GO (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM marmorino@nrl.navy.mil
NR 11
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 10
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0272-7714
J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S
JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci.
PD JUL 10
PY 2008
VL 78
IS 3
BP 587
EP 591
DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2008.01.015
PG 5
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 318IE
UT WOS:000257084000013
ER
PT J
AU Valdez, CA
Saavedra, JE
Showalter, BM
Davies, KM
Wilde, TC
Citro, ML
Barchi, JJ
Deschamps, JR
Parrish, D
El-Gayar, S
Schleicher, U
Bogdan, C
Keefer, LK
AF Valdez, Carlos A.
Saavedra, Joseph E.
Showalter, Brett M.
Davies, Keith M.
Wilde, Thomas C.
Citro, Michael L.
Barchi, Joseph J., Jr.
Deschamps, Jeffrey R.
Parrish, Damon
El-Gayar, Stefan
Schleicher, Ulrike
Bogdan, Christian
Keefer, Larry K.
TI Hydrolytic reactivity trends among potential prodrugs of the
O(2)-glycosylated diazeniumdiolate family. Targeting nitric oxide to
macrophages for antileishmanial activity
SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; LEISHMANIA-MAJOR AMASTIGOTES; DEPENDENT KILLING
MECHANISM; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; IFN-GAMMA; MANNOSE RECEPTOR; HOST
MACROPHAGES; SYNTHASE; SUPPRESSION; ACTIVATION
AB Glycosylated diazeniumdiolates of structure R(2)NN(O)=NO-R' (R' = a saccharide residue) are potential prodrugs of the nitric oxide (NO)-releasing but acid-sensitive R(2)NN(O)=NO(-) ion. Moreover, cleaving the acid-stable glycosides under alkaline conditions provides a convenient protecting group strategy for diazeniumdiolate ions. Here, we report comparative hydrolysis rate data for five representative glycosylated diazeniumdiolates at pH 14, 7.4, and 3.8-4.6 as background for further developing both the protecting group application and the ability to target NO pharmacologically to macrophages harboring intracellular pathogens. Confirming the potential in the latter application, adding R(2)NN(O)=NO-GlcNAc (where R(2)N = diethylamino or pyrrolidin-1-yl and GlcNAc = N-acetylglucosamin-1-yl) to cultures of infected mouse macrophages that were deficient in inducible NO synthase caused rapid death of the intracellular protozoan parasite Leishmania major with no host cell toxicity.
C1 [Valdez, Carlos A.; Showalter, Brett M.; Wilde, Thomas C.; Keefer, Larry K.] NCI, Chem Sect, Comparat Carcinogenesis Lab, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.
[Saavedra, Joseph E.; Citro, Michael L.] NCI, Basic Res Program, SAIC Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.
[Davies, Keith M.] George Mason Univ, Dept Chem, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Barchi, Joseph J., Jr.] NCI, Med Chem Lab, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.
[Deschamps, Jeffrey R.; Parrish, Damon] USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[El-Gayar, Stefan; Schleicher, Ulrike; Bogdan, Christian] Univ Klinikum Erlangen, Mikrobiol Inst Klin Mikrobiol Immunol & Hyg, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
[Schleicher, Ulrike; Bogdan, Christian] Univ Freiburg Klinikum, Abt Mikrobiol & Hyg, Inst Med Mikrobiol & Hyg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
RP Keefer, LK (reprint author), NCI, Chem Sect, Comparat Carcinogenesis Lab, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.
EM keefer@ncifcrf.gov
RI Barchi Jr., Joseph/N-3784-2014; Keefer, Larry/N-3247-2014;
OI Keefer, Larry/0000-0001-7489-9555; Deschamps,
Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010
FU Intramural NIH HHS; NCI NIH HHS [N01 CO012400, N01-CO-12400,
N01CO12400]; NIDA NIH HHS [Y01 DA006002, Y1-DA6002]
NR 37
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0022-2623
J9 J MED CHEM
JI J. Med. Chem.
PD JUL 10
PY 2008
VL 51
IS 13
BP 3961
EP 3970
DI 10.1021/jm8000482
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Medicinal
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 322QS
UT WOS:000257391000030
PM 18533711
ER
PT J
AU Siskind, DE
Marsh, DR
Mlynczak, MG
Martin-Torres, FJ
Russell, JM
AF Siskind, David E.
Marsh, Daniel R.
Mlynczak, Martin G.
Martin-Torres, F. Javier
Russell, James M., III
TI Decreases in atomic hydrogen over the summer pole: Evidence for
dehydration from polar mesospheric clouds?
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID WATER-VAPOR; DENSITIES; RATES
AB Observations from the Sounding of the Atmosphere with Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument on the NASA/Thermospheric Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics satellite show a surprising decrease in the inferred atomic hydrogen (H) over the polar regions in the lowermost thermosphere during the summer. This contrasts with predictions by global models that H should peak in this region at this time. We suggest the decrease is a consequence of the sequestering of the water vapor by the formation of polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs) that redistributes the H2O thus reducing the chemical source of H. This decrease is more pronounced in the Northern rather than the Southern summer which is roughly consistent with the known morphology of PMCs. A model calculation which includes a PMC parameterization gives good qualitative agreement with the data suggesting that this process should be considered in global models of the coupling between the middle and upper atmosphere.
C1 [Siskind, David E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Marsh, Daniel R.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Mlynczak, Martin G.] NASA Langley Res, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
[Martin-Torres, F. Javier] AS&M Inc, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
[Russell, James M., III] Hampton Univ, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Hampton, VA 23668 USA.
RP Siskind, DE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM david.siskind@nrl.navy.mil
RI Marsh, Daniel/A-8406-2008; Mlynczak, Martin/K-3396-2012; Martin-Torres,
Francisco Javier/G-6329-2015
OI Marsh, Daniel/0000-0001-6699-494X; Martin-Torres, Francisco
Javier/0000-0001-6479-2236
NR 18
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 8
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 13
AR L13809
DI 10.1029/2008GL033742
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 327ON
UT WOS:000257738500001
ER
PT J
AU Melinger, JS
Laman, N
Grischkowsky, D
AF Melinger, Joseph S.
Laman, N.
Grischkowsky, D.
TI The underlying terahertz vibrational spectrum of explosives solids
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID TIME-DOMAIN SPECTROSCOPY; GUIDE THZ SPECTROSCOPY; SECURITY APPLICATIONS
AB Using waveguide terahertz time-domain spectroscopy, we demonstrate the measurement of the underlying terahertz vibrational spectrum of the explosive solids hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine, and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene. Each. explosive is cast as a polycrystalline thin film with planar ordering on the inner surface of metal parallel plate waveguide. For measurements near 10 K, each explosive reveals a complex spectrum of approximately 20 vibrational modes between 0.5 and 3.5 THz. The explosive films are of sufficient quality to produce vibrational linewidths as much as an order of magnitude sharper compared to conventional terahertz measurements of corresponding pellet samples of explosives. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
C1 [Melinger, Joseph S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Laman, N.; Grischkowsky, D.] Oklahoma State Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
RP Melinger, JS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Code 6812, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM joseph.melinger@nrl.navy.mil
NR 23
TC 55
Z9 56
U1 2
U2 16
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 7
PY 2008
VL 93
IS 1
AR 011102
DI 10.1063/1.2949068
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 333WP
UT WOS:000258184600002
ER
PT J
AU Brawley, GA
Ta'eed, VG
Bolger, JA
Sanghera, JS
Aggarwal, I
Eggleton, BJ
AF Brawley, G. A.
Ta'eed, V. G.
Bolger, J. A.
Sanghera, J. S.
Aggarwal, I.
Eggleton, B. J.
TI Strong photoinduced Bragg gratings in arsenic selenide optical fibre
using transverse holographic method
SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID RIB WAVE-GUIDES; GLASS; AS2SE3
AB Fabrication of strong fibre Bragg gratings in singlemode arsenic selenide (As2Se3) fibre for use at telecom wavelengths by the transverse holographic method is reported. Photoinduced decrease in the material refractive index was achieved using low-intensity CW illumination at a wavelength of 785 nm. A peak grating strength of 23.7 dB is seen, with inferred change in the average refractive index as large as 4.7 x 10(-3).
C1 [Brawley, G. A.; Ta'eed, V. G.; Bolger, J. A.; Eggleton, B. J.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Ctr Ultrahigh Bandwidth Devices Opt Syst CUDOS, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
[Sanghera, J. S.; Aggarwal, I.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Brawley, GA (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Ctr Ultrahigh Bandwidth Devices Opt Syst CUDOS, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
EM egg@physics.usyd.edu.au
NR 12
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 4
PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET
PI HERTFORD
PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND
SN 0013-5194
J9 ELECTRON LETT
JI Electron. Lett.
PD JUL 3
PY 2008
VL 44
IS 14
BP 846
EP U168
DI 10.1049/el:20080784
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 328EX
UT WOS:000257782000009
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, H
Feingold, G
Jonsson, HH
Lu, ML
Chuang, PY
Flagan, RC
Seinfeld, JH
AF Jiang, Hongli
Feingold, Graham
Jonsson, Haflidi H.
Lu, Miao-Ling
Chuang, Patrick Y.
Flagan, Richard C.
Seinfeld, John H.
TI Statistical comparison of properties of simulated and observed cumulus
clouds in the vicinity of Houston during the Gulf of Mexico Atmospheric
Composition and Climate Study (GoMACCS)
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; TRADE-WIND CUMULI; CONVECTION; POPULATIONS;
AIRCRAFT; AEROSOL
AB [1] We present statistical comparisons of properties of clouds generated by Large Eddy Simulations (LES) with aircraft observations of nonprecipitating, warm cumulus clouds made in the vicinity of Houston, TX during the Gulf of Mexico Atmospheric Composition and Climate Study (GoMACCS), carried out in the summer of 2006. Aircraft data were sampled with the Center for Interdisciplinary Remotely Piloted Aircraft Studies (CIRPAS) Twin Otter airplane. Five flights (days) that are most suitable for studying aerosol-cloud interactions are selected from the 22 flights. The model simulations are initiated with observed environmental profiles. The simulations are used to generate an ensemble of thousands of cumulus clouds for statistically meaningful evaluations. Statistical comparisons focus on the properties of a set of dynamical and thermodynamical variables, sampled either in the cloud or the cloud updraft core. The set of variables includes cloud liquid water content (LWC), number mixing ratio of cloud droplets (Nd), cloud effective radius (re), updraft velocity (w), and the distribution of cloud sizes. In general, good agreement between the simulated and observed clouds is achieved in the normalized frequency distribution functions, the profiles averaged over the cloudy regions, the cross-cloud averages, and the cloud size distributions, despite big differences in sample size between the model output and the aircraft data. Some unresolved differences in frequency distributions of w and possible differences in cloud fraction are noted. These comparisons suggest that the LES is able to successfully generate the cumulus cloud populations that were present during GoMACCS. The extent to which this is true will depend on the specific application.
C1 [Jiang, Hongli; Feingold, Graham] NOAA, CIRA, Earth System Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Chuang, Patrick Y.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Lu, Miao-Ling; Flagan, Richard C.; Seinfeld, John H.] CALTECH, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Jonsson, Haflidi H.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Ctr Interdisciplinary Remotely Piloted Aircraft S, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Jiang, H (reprint author), NOAA, CIRA, Earth System Res Lab, R-CSD2,325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM hongli.jiang@noaa.gov; graham.feingold@noaa.gov
RI Feingold, Graham/B-6152-2009; Jiang, Hongli/N-3281-2014; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
NR 34
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 3
PY 2008
VL 113
IS D13
AR D13205
DI 10.1029/2007JD009304
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 323FU
UT WOS:000257431800003
ER
PT J
AU Rodriguez, P
AF Rodriguez, Paul
TI Amateurs as an outreach of HAARP's lunar-echo study
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Letter
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Rodriguez, P (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5550, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD JUL 3
PY 2008
VL 454
IS 7200
BP 27
EP 27
DI 10.1038/454027a
PG 1
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 321MC
UT WOS:000257308300016
PM 18596785
ER
PT J
AU Zwick, ME
Kiley, MP
Stewart, AC
Mateczun, A
Read, TD
AF Zwick, Michael E.
Kiley, Maureen P.
Stewart, Andrew C.
Mateczun, Alfred
Read, Timothy D.
TI Genotyping of Bacillus cereus Strains by Microarray-Based Resequencing
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
AB The ability to distinguish microbial pathogens from closely related but nonpathogenic strains is key to understanding the population biology of these organisms. In this regard, Bacillus anthracis, the bacterium that causes inhalational anthrax, is of interest because it is closely related and often difficult to distinguish from other members of the B. cereus group that can cause diverse diseases. We employed custom-designed resequencing arrays (RAs) based on the genome sequence of Bacillus anthracis to generate 422 kb of genomic sequence from a panel of 41 Bacillus cereus sensu lato strains. Here we show that RAs represent a "one reaction'' genotyping technology with the ability to discriminate between highly similar B. anthracis isolates and more divergent strains of the B. cereus s.l. Clade 1. Our data show that RAs can be an efficient genotyping technology for pre-screening the genetic diversity of large strain collections to selected the best candidates for whole genome sequencing.
C1 [Zwick, Michael E.; Kiley, Maureen P.; Stewart, Andrew C.; Mateczun, Alfred; Read, Timothy D.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Biol Def Res Directorate, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Zwick, Michael E.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Human Genet, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Zwick, ME (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Biol Def Res Directorate, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RI Read, Timothy/E-6240-2011
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) [G.G.004_06_NM_B]
FX This study was supported by grant G.G.004_06_NM_B from the Defense
Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA). The views expressed in this paper are
those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position
of the Department of the Navy, the Department of Defense, or the U.S.
Government.
NR 33
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 2
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUL 2
PY 2008
VL 3
IS 7
AR e2513
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0002513
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 406IM
UT WOS:000263288200003
PM 18596941
ER
PT J
AU Huffmire, T
Brotherton, B
Callegari, N
Valamehr, J
White, J
Kastner, R
Sherwood, T
AF Huffmire, Ted
Brotherton, Brett
Callegari, Nick
Valamehr, Jonathan
White, Jeff
Kastner, Ryan
Sherwood, Tim
TI Designing secure systems on reconfigurable hardware
SO ACM TRANSACTIONS ON DESIGN AUTOMATION OF ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 44th ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference
CY JUN 04-08, 2007
CL San Diego, CA
SP ACM, IEEE
DE design; security; field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs); advanced
encryption standard (AES); memory protection; separation; isolation;
controlled sharing; hardware security; reference monitors; execution
monitors; enforcement mechanisms; security policies; static analysis;
security primitives; systems-on-a-chip (SoCs)
AB The extremely high cost of custom ASIC fabrication makes FPGAs an attractive alternative for deployment of custom hardware. Embedded systems based on reconfigurable hardware integrate many functions onto a single device. Since embedded designers often have no choice but to use soft IP cores obtained from third parties, the cores operate at different trust levels, resulting in mixed-trust designs. The goal of this project is to evaluate recently proposed security primitives for reconfigurable hardware by building a real embedded system with several cores on a single FPGA and implementing these primitives on the system. Overcoming the practical problems of integrating multiple cores together with security mechanisms will help us to develop realistic security-policy specifications that drive enforcement mechanisms on embedded systems.
C1 [Huffmire, Ted] USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Brotherton, Brett] Special Technol Lab, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 USA.
[Callegari, Nick; Valamehr, Jonathan; White, Jeff] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Kastner, Ryan] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Sherwood, Tim] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Comp Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Huffmire, T (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM tdhuffmi@nps.edu; brett.brotherton@gmail.com;
nick_callegari@ece.ucsb.edu; valamehr@ece.ucsb.edu;
jdwhite08@engineering.ucsb.edu; kastner@ucsd.edu; sher-wood@cs.ucsb.edu
NR 39
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA
SN 1084-4309
EI 1557-7309
J9 ACM T DES AUTOMAT EL
JI ACM Transact. Des. Automat. Electron. Syst.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 13
IS 3
AR 44
DI 10.1145/1367045.1367053
PG 24
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software
Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 334EU
UT WOS:000258205900008
ER
PT J
AU Pearson, WH
Lanham, SE
Dillner, DK
AF Pearson, Wayne H.
Lanham, Stacey E.
Dillner, Debra K.
TI cis-3,3-dimethyl-3,3a,4,5,6,6a-hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]furan-1,6-dione
SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION E-STRUCTURE REPORTS ONLINE
LA English
DT Article
AB The bicyclic molecule of the title compound, C9H12O3, contains two five-membered rings with different functional groups, viz. a ketone and an ester. Both rings assume an envelope conformation. The mean planes of these functional groups form a dihedral angle of 60.7 (1)degrees. The crystal structure exhibits weak intermolecular C-H center dot center dot center dot O interactions, which link the molecules into zigzag chains extended in the [010] direction. The unit cell contains a racemic mixture of enantiomers.
C1 [Pearson, Wayne H.; Lanham, Stacey E.; Dillner, Debra K.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Pearson, WH (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, 572M Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM wpearson@usna.edu
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1600-5368
J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR E
JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. E.-Struct Rep. Online
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 64
BP O1266
EP U1946
DI 10.1107/S1600536808017133
PN 7
PG 8
WC Crystallography
SC Crystallography
GA 319ML
UT WOS:000257167600173
PM 21202900
ER
PT J
AU Wieselthier, JE
Nguyen, GD
Ephremides, A
AF Wieselthier, Jeffrey E.
Nguyen, Gam D.
Ephremides, Anthony
TI A "Group-Division Multiple Access" framework for channel access to
multiple destinations
SO AD HOC NETWORKS
LA English
DT Article
DE Random access; Multiple destinations; Collision channel; Collision
resolution; Media-access control (MAC)
ID RADIO NETWORKS; ALGORITHMS
AB We consider the problem of media-access control in multiple-cell networks, such as ad hoc networks in which cluster-heads take on a role similar to base stations. We assume that a single channel is used by all cells, and that the user populations that transmit to different base stations overlap, causing interference in the neighboring cells. Starting with a two-destination network, we introduce the "Group-Division Multiple Access" (GDMA) concept, according to which different groups of users multiplex their transmission in time while being free to use the protocol of their choice within their own group. We show that use of GDMA provides higher stable throughput than a "free-running" scheme (under which all slots are available to all users) when the First-Come First-Serve collision-resolution algorithm is used as the channel-access protocol, and we show how performance depends on the degree of overlap of communication and interference regions. Finally, we show that this approach can be applied to larger cellular-like networks as well. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wieselthier, Jeffrey E.; Nguyen, Gam D.] USN, Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Ephremides, Anthony] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Ephremides, Anthony] Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Wieselthier, JE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Informat Technol, Code 5521, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM wieselthier@itd.nrl.navy.mil; nguyen@itd.nrl.navy.mil; etony@umd.edu
NR 17
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1570-8705
J9 AD HOC NETW
JI Ad Hoc Netw.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 6
IS 5
BP 770
EP 790
DI 10.1016/j.adhoc.2007.07.004
PG 21
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications
SC Computer Science; Telecommunications
GA 408CJ
UT WOS:000263410800007
ER
PT J
AU Whittington, AE
AF Whittington, Anne E.
TI 'Is Karl in?': Paws That Heal
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NURSING
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Whittington, Anne E.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Diabet Program, Hlth & Wellness Dept, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[Whittington, Anne E.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Paws That Heal Program, Hlth & Wellness Dept, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Whittington, AE (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Diabet Program, Hlth & Wellness Dept, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
EM anne.whittington@med.navy.mil
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0002-936X
J9 AM J NURS
JI Am. J. Nurs.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 108
IS 7
BP 31
EP 34
PG 4
WC Nursing
SC Nursing
GA 323JE
UT WOS:000257441600022
PM 18580123
ER
PT J
AU Bennett, K
Si, YZ
Steinbach, T
Zhang, J
Li, QG
AF Bennett, Kent
Si, Yuanzheng
Steinbach, Thomas
Zhang, Jing
Li, Qigui
TI Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation of intramuscular
artesunate in healthy beagle dogs
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEVERE FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; ARTEMETHER; QUININE; TRIAL
AB Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic responses were evaluated after intramuscular (IM) injection of artesunate (AS). Twelve dogs were injected with IM AS at 2.5, 5, or 10 mg/kg into the left gluteal muscle. A second injection of only diluent was given in the right gluteal muscle. At 24 hours post-injection, plasma creatine kinase (CK) concentrations were elevated above normal. Muscle biopsies showed myocyte necrosis and acute inflammation, which was worse on the treated side. At 7 days after injection, CK concentrations were normal. Muscle biopsies showed mineralization, fibrosis, and chronic inflammation with less difference between sides. Compared with intravenous administration, IM AS resulted in a prolonged half-life for both AS and DHA. Intramuscular AS also had a lower mean dose-adjusted C-max and a higher mean dose-adjusted area under the curve; but produced similar concentrations of dihydroartemisinin. These findings suggest that adverse reactions to IM artesunate are minor and temporary which justify further study of this route in treating severe malaria.
C1 [Bennett, Kent; Si, Yuanzheng; Zhang, Jing; Li, Qigui] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Steinbach, Thomas] USN, Med Res Ctr, Dept Pathol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Bennett, K (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM Kent.Bennett@us.army.mil; Yuanzheng.Si@amedd.army.mil;
Thomas.Steinbach@med.navy.mil; Jing.Zhang@amedd.army.mil;
Qigui.Li@amedd.army.mil
RI Bennett, Kent/K-2742-2012
NR 6
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 1
BP 36
EP 41
PG 6
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 322XD
UT WOS:000257407700008
PM 18606761
ER
PT J
AU Cairo, J
Durand, S
Marquino, W
Cabezas, C
Lachira, A
Quintana, F
Vegas, W
Ruebush, TK
Utz, G
Bacon, DJ
AF Cairo, Javier
Durand, Saloman
Marquino, Wilmer
Cabezas, Cesar
Lachira, Arnaldo
Quintana, Fernando
Vegas, Walter
Ruebush, Trenton K., II
Utz, Gregory
Bacon, David J.
TI Short report: Surveillance for adverse drug reactions to combination
antimalarial therapy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus artesunate in
Peru
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article
ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; UNCOMPLICATED MALARIA; RANDOMIZED TRIAL;
GAMBIAN CHILDREN; DOUBLE-BLIND; TOLERABILITY; AMODIAQUINE; EFFICACY;
SUDAN
AB In 2001, Peru changed its treatment policy for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria on the northern Pacific Coast to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine with atresunate (SP-AS). Because Peru was the first country in the Americas to adopt this combination therapy, we established a surveillance system in the region to assess the frequency of new or worsening symptoms after starting therapy. Over a period of two years, 1,552, or approximately two-thirds of all patients with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria who had received SP-AS on the northern coast were followed up. Of these, 8.8% reported at least one adverse effect, with the most common being vomiting, nausea, headache, abdominal pain, dizziness, and fever; no severe adverse effects related to SP-AS therapy were identified. Treatment of uncomplicated malaria with SP-AS was associated with a low frequency of mild adverse effects in Peru, and therefore should be considered as a first-line therapy in areas of the Americas where SP efficacy is still high.
C1 USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru.
Natl Inst Hlth, Lima, Peru.
Minist Salud Piura, Direcc Reg Salud Piura, Piura, Peru.
RP Bacon, DJ (reprint author), USN, Environm & Prevent Med Unit 2, 1887 Powhatan St, Norfolk, VA 23511 USA.
EM javier.cairolavado@yale.edu; salomondurand@gmail.com;
ccabezas@ins.gob.pe; alachira@yahoo.com; truebush@usaid.gov;
greg.utz@med.navy.mil; david.bacon@med.navy.mil
RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013;
OI durand, salomon/0000-0002-5923-8879
NR 17
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 1
BP 42
EP 44
PG 3
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 322XD
UT WOS:000257407700009
PM 18606762
ER
PT J
AU Putnak, JR
de La Barrera, R
Burgess, T
Pardo, J
Dessy, F
Gheysen, D
Lobet, Y
Green, S
Endy, TP
Thomas, SJ
Eckels, KH
Innis, BL
Sun, W
AF Putnak, J. Robert
de la Barrera, Rafael
Burgess, Timothy
Pardo, Jorge
Dessy, Francis
Gheysen, Dirk
Lobet, Yves
Green, Sharone
Endy, Timothy P.
Thomas, Stephen J.
Eckels, Kenneth H.
Innis, Bruce L.
Sun, Wellington
TI Comparative evaluation of three assays for measurement of dengue virus
neutralizing antibodies
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article
ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; INFECTION; CELLS
AB Plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNTs) are commonly used for measuring levels of dengue virus (DENV) neutralizing antibodies. However, these assays lack a standardized format, generally have a low sample throughput, and are labor-intensive. The objective of the present study was to evaluate two alternative DENY neutralizing antibody assays: an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based microneutralization (MN) assay, and a fluorescent antibody cell sorter-based, DC-SIGN expresser dendritic cell (DC) assay. False-positive rates, serotype specificity, reproducibility, sensitivity, and agreement among the assay methods were assessed using well-characterized but limited numbers of coded test sera. Results showed that all three assays had false-positive rates of less than 10% with titers near the cut-off and generally below the estimated limits of detection. All three methods demonstrated a high degree of specificity and good agreement when used to assay sera and serum mixtures from monovalent vaccinees and sera from patients after primary natural infection, with the only notable exception being moderate-to-high neutralizing antibody titers against DENV 2 measured by PRNT in a mixture containing only DENY 3 and DENV 4 sera. The MN and DC assays demonstrated good reproducibility. All three assays were comparable in their sensitivity, except that the PRNT was less sensitive for measuring DENV 4 antibody, and the MN and DC assays were less sensitive for measuring DENV 2 antibody. However, when used to test sera from persons after tetravalent DENV vaccination or secondary DENY infection, there was poor specificity and poor agreement among the different assays.
C1 [Putnak, J. Robert; Thomas, Stephen J.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Viral Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[de la Barrera, Rafael; Eckels, Kenneth H.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Regulated Activ, Pilot Bioprod Facil, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Burgess, Timothy] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Pardo, Jorge] BD Biosci, San Jose, CA 95131 USA.
[Dessy, Francis; Gheysen, Dirk; Lobet, Yves] GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Global Vaccine Dev, B-1330 Rixensart, Belgium.
[Green, Sharone] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, Worcester, MA 01655 USA.
[Endy, Timothy P.] SUNY Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
[Innis, Bruce L.] N Amer GlaxoSmithKline, Clin R&D & Med Affair Vaccines Virus Dis, King Of Prussia, PA USA.
[Sun, Wellington] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR 00920 USA.
RP Putnak, JR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Viral Dis, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Suite 3A12, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM robert.putnak@na.amedd.army.mil; rafael.delabarrera@na.amedd.army.mil;
burgess.namru2@yahoo.com; Jorge_Pardo@bd.com; francis.dessy@gskbio.com;
dirk.gheysen@gskbio.com; yves.lobet@gskbio.com;
sharone.green@umassmed.edu; endyt@upstate.edu;
stephen.thomas@na.amedd.army.mil; kenneth.eckels@amedd.army.mil;
bruce.2.innis@gsk.com; wks4@cdc.gov
FU NIAID NIH HHS [P01 AI34533]
NR 16
TC 34
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 1
BP 115
EP 122
PG 8
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 322XD
UT WOS:000257407700021
PM 18606774
ER
PT J
AU Ateya, DA
Erickson, JS
Howell, PB
Hilliard, LR
Golden, JP
Ligler, FS
AF Ateya, Daniel A.
Erickson, Jeffrey S.
Howell, Peter B., Jr.
Hilliard, Lisa R.
Golden, Joel P.
Ligler, Frances S.
TI The good, the bad, and the tiny: a review of microflow cytometry
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Review
DE flow cytometry; microfluidics; fluid focusing; integrated optics; cell
sorter
ID OPTICAL WAVE-GUIDES; POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE PDMS MICROCHANNELS; MICROCHIP
FLOW CYTOMETER; ACTIVATED CELL SORTER; ON-A-CHIP; FLUORESCENCE
DETECTION; HIGH-THROUGHPUT; MONOLITHIC INTEGRATION; BIOLOGICAL CELLS;
MAMMALIAN-CELLS
AB Recent developments in microflow cytometry have concentrated on advancing technology in four main areas: (1) focusing the particles to be analyzed in the microfluidic channel, (2) miniaturization of the fluid-handling components, (3) miniaturization of the optics, and (4) integration and applications development. Strategies for focusing particles in a narrow path as they pass through the detection region include the use of focusing fluids, nozzles, and dielectrophoresis. Strategies for optics range from the use of microscope objectives to polymer waveguides or optical fibers embedded on-chip. While most investigators use off-chip fluidic control, there are a few examples of integrated valves and pumps. To date, demonstrations of applications are primarily used to establish that the microflow systems provide data of the same quality as laboratory systems, but new capabilities-such as automated sample staining-are beginning to emerge. Each of these four areas is discussed in detail in terms of the progress of development, the continuing limitations, and potential future directions for microflow cytometers.
C1 [Ateya, Daniel A.; Erickson, Jeffrey S.; Howell, Peter B., Jr.; Hilliard, Lisa R.; Golden, Joel P.; Ligler, Frances S.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Ligler, FS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM frances.ligler@nrl.navy.mil
RI Howell, Peter/E-6214-2010; Erickson, Jeffrey/F-6273-2011; Howell,
Peter/H-8710-2012
OI Howell, Peter/0000-0003-3673-3145
FU NIAID NIH HHS [U01 AI075489-01, U01 AI075489]
NR 92
TC 133
Z9 135
U1 8
U2 95
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 391
IS 5
BP 1485
EP 1498
DI 10.1007/s00216-007-1827-5
PG 14
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 315VL
UT WOS:000256908200004
PM 18228010
ER
PT J
AU Henry, LR
Solomon, NP
Howard, R
Gurevich-Uvena, J
Horst, LB
Coppit, G
Orlikoff, R
Libutti, SK
Shaha, AR
Stojadinovic, A
AF Henry, Leonard R.
Solomon, Nancy Pearl
Howard, Robin
Gurevich-Uvena, Joyce
Horst, Leah B.
Coppit, George
Orlikoff, Robert
Libutti, Steven K.
Shaha, Ashok R.
Stojadinovic, Alexander
TI The functional impact on voice of sternothyroid muscle division during
thyroidectomy
SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE sternothyroid; voice; thyroidectomy
ID SUPERIOR LARYNGEAL NERVE; EXTERNAL BRANCH; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION;
DISEASE; INJURY
AB Background: Post-thyroidectomy voice dysfunction may occur in the absence of laryngeal nerve injury. Strap muscle division has been hypothesized as one potential contributor to dysphonia.
Methods: Vocal-function data, prospectively recorded before and after thyroidectomy from two high-volume referral institutions, were utilized. Patient-reported symptoms, laryngoscopic, acoustic, and aerodynamic parameters were recorded at 2 weeks and 3 months postoperatively. Patients with and without sternothyroid muscle division during surgery were compared for voice changes. Patients with laryngeal nerve injury, sternohyoid muscle division, arytenoid subluxation or no early postoperative follow-up evaluation were excluded. Differences between study groups and outcomes were compared using t-tests and rank-sum tests as appropriate.
Results: Of 84 patients included, 45 had sternothyroid division. Distribution of age, gender, extent of thyroidectomy, specimen size, and laryngeal nerve identification rates did not differ significantly between groups. There was a significant predilection for or against sternothyroid muscle division according to medical center. No significant difference in reported voice symptoms was observed between groups 2 weeks or 3 months after thyroidectomy. Likewise, acoustic and aerodynamic parameters did not differ significantly between groups at these postoperative study time points.
Conclusion: Sternothyroid muscle division is occasionally employed during thyroidectomy to gain superior pedicle exposure. Division of this muscle does not appear to be associated with adverse functional voice outcome, and should be utilized at surgeon discretion during thyroidectomy.
C1 [Stojadinovic, Alexander] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Surg Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
[Stojadinovic, Alexander] USA, Mil Canc Inst, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
[Henry, Leonard R.] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Surg Oncol, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA.
[Solomon, Nancy Pearl; Gurevich-Uvena, Joyce] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
[Howard, Robin] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Div Biostat, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
[Horst, Leah B.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Anesthesia, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
[Coppit, George] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
[Orlikoff, Robert] Seton Hall Univ, Dept Speech Language Pathol, S Orange, NJ 07079 USA.
[Libutti, Steven K.] Natl Canc Inst, Surg Branch, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA.
[Shaha, Ashok R.] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Surg Oncol, Head & Neck Serv, New York, NY 10021 USA.
RP Stojadinovic, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Surg Oncol, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
EM Alexander.stojadinovic@na.amedd.army.mil
OI Orlikoff, Robert/0000-0003-0048-6541
NR 24
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1068-9265
J9 ANN SURG ONCOL
JI Ann. Surg. Oncol.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 15
IS 7
BP 2027
EP 2033
DI 10.1245/s10434-008-9936-8
PG 7
WC Oncology; Surgery
SC Oncology; Surgery
GA 320GY
UT WOS:000257222900029
PM 18459003
ER
PT J
AU Chen, LG
Luo, J
Sun, FR
Wu, C
AF Chen, Lingen
Luo, Jun
Sun, Fengrui
Wu, Chih
TI Design efficiency optimization of one-dimensional multi-stage axial-flow
compressor
SO APPLIED ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE multi-stage axial-flow compressor; efficiency; analytical relation;
optimization
ID STAGE; FAN
AB A model for the optimal design of a multi-stage compressor, assuming a fixed configuration of the flow-path, is presented. The absolute inlet and exit angles of the rotor, the absolute exit angle of the stator, and the relative gas densities at the inlet and exit stations of the stator, of every stage, are taken as the design variables. Analytical relations of the compressor elemental stage and the multi-stage compressor are obtained. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effects of various parameters on the optimal performance of the multi-stage compressor. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chen, Lingen; Luo, Jun; Sun, Fengrui] Naval Univ Engn, Postgrad Sch, Wuhan 430033, Peoples R China.
[Wu, Chih] USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Chen, LG (reprint author), Naval Univ Engn, Postgrad Sch, Wuhan 430033, Peoples R China.
EM lgchenna@yahoo.com
NR 31
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0306-2619
J9 APPL ENERG
JI Appl. Energy
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 85
IS 7
BP 625
EP 633
DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2007.10.003
PG 9
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 299YI
UT WOS:000255791100008
ER
PT J
AU Chen, LG
Li, J
Sun, FR
Wu, C
AF Chen, Lingen
Li, Jun
Sun, Fengrui
Wu, Chih
TI Performance optimization for a two-stage thermoelectric heat-pump with
internal and external irreversibilities
SO APPLIED ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE two-stage semiconductor thermoelectric heat-pump; finite-time
thermodynamics; non-equilibrium thermodynamics; optimization
ID ENTROPY GENERATION MINIMIZATION; TRANSFER LAW; THERMODYNAMICS;
COEFFICIENT; LOAD
AB A model of the behaviour of a two-stage semiconductor thermoelectric heat-pump with external heat transfer is devised. Performance of the heat-pump, assuming Newton's beat-transfer law, is analyzed using the combination of finite-time thermodynamics and non-equilibrium thermodynamics. The analytical formula describing the heating load versus working electric-current, and the coefficient of performance (COP) versus working electric-current are derived. For the fixed total number of thermoelectric elements, the ratio of number of thermoelectric elements of the top stage to the total number of thermoelectric elements is also optimized for maximizing the heating load and the COP of the thermoelectric heat-pump. The effects of design factors on the performance are analyzed. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chen, Lingen; Li, Jun; Sun, Fengrui] Naval Univ Engn, Postgrad Sch, Wuhan 430033, Peoples R China.
[Wu, Chih] USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Chen, LG (reprint author), Naval Univ Engn, Postgrad Sch, Wuhan 430033, Peoples R China.
EM lgchenna@yahoo.com
NR 38
TC 34
Z9 37
U1 1
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0306-2619
J9 APPL ENERG
JI Appl. Energy
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 85
IS 7
BP 641
EP 649
DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2007.10.005
PG 9
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 299YI
UT WOS:000255791100010
ER
PT J
AU Van Noord, BA
Cupp, CL
AF Van Noord, Brandon A.
Cupp, Craig L.
TI Safety of surgeon-directed conscious sedation in nasal surgery
SO ARCHIVES OF FACIAL PLASTIC SURGERY
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Van Noord, Brandon A.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Clin Invest Dept KCA, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
RP Van Noord, BA (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Clin Invest Dept KCA, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM brandon.vannoord@med.navy.mil
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA
SN 1521-2491
J9 ARCH FACIAL PLAST S
JI Arch. Facial Plast. Surg.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2008
VL 10
IS 4
BP 282
EP 284
DI 10.1001/archfaci.10.4.282
PG 3
WC Surgery
SC Surgery
GA 327US
UT WOS:000257754600012
PM 18645099
ER
PT J
AU Chase, MS
AF Chase, Michael S.
TI Taiwan's arms procurement debate and the demise of the special budget
proposal - Domestic politics in command
SO ASIAN SURVEY
LA English
DT Article
DE Taiwan; defense; defense budget; national security; arms purchases
AB Despite the growing security threat posed by Chinese military modernization, Taiwan still has not completed the purchase of some of the key components of the arms sales package the United States approved in April 2001. The reasons include overconfidence in U. S. security assurances, underestimation of Chinese capabilities and resolve, and highly divisive domestic Taiwanese politics.
C1 USN, War Coll Newprot, Strategy & Policy Dept, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
RP Chase, MS (reprint author), USN, War Coll Newprot, Strategy & Policy Dept, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
EM michael.chase@nwc.navy.mil
NR 27
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS
PI BERKELEY
PA C/O JOURNALS & DIGITAL PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2000 CENTER ST, STE 303,
BERKELEY, CA 94704-1223 USA
SN 0004-4687
J9 ASIAN SURV
JI Asian Surv.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2008
VL 48
IS 4
BP 703
EP 724
DI 10.1525/as.2008.48.4.703
PG 22
WC Area Studies
SC Area Studies
GA 344SG
UT WOS:000258947000008
ER
PT J
AU Yoon, J
Peterson, DM
Zagarello, RJ
Armstrong, JT
Pauls, T
AF Yoon, Jinmi
Peterson, Deane M.
Zagarello, Robert J.
Armstrong, J. Thomas
Pauls, Thomas
TI The effect of rotation on the spectrum of Vega
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE line : profiles; stars : abundances; stars : chemically peculiar; stars
: early-type; stars : individual (Vega); stars : rotation
ID LAMBDA-BOOTIS STARS; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; STELLAR EVOLUTION; CHARA
ARRAY; POLE-ON; ABUNDANCES; ALTAIR
AB The discovery that Vega is a rapidly rotating pole-on star has raised a number of questions about this fundamental standard, including such issues as its composition, and in turn its mass and age. We report here a reanalysis of Vega's composition. A full spectral synthesis based on the Roche model derived earlier from NPOI interferometry is used. We find the line shapes in Vega's spectrum to be more complex than just flat-bottomed, which have been previously reported; profiles range from slightly self-reversed to simple ''V'' shapes. A high S/N spectrum, obtained by stacking spectra from the ELODIE archive, shows excellent agreement with the calculations, provided we add about 10 km s(-1) of macroturbulence to the predicted spectra. From the abundance analysis, we find that Vega shows the peculiar abundance pattern of a lambda Bootis star as previously suggested. We investigate the effects of rotation on the deduced abundances and show that the dominant ionization states are only slightly affected compared to analyses using nonrotating models. We argue that the rapid rotation requires that the star be fully mixed. The composition leads to masses and particularly ages that are quite different compared to what are usually assumed.
C1 [Yoon, Jinmi; Peterson, Deane M.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Zagarello, Robert J.] PCPION, S Setauket, NY 11720 USA.
[Armstrong, J. Thomas; Pauls, Thomas] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Yoon, J (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
EM jyoon@grad.physics.sunysb.edu; dpeterson@astro.sunysb.edu;
rzagarello@mail.astro.sunysb.edu; tom.armstrong@nrl.navy.mil;
pauls@nrl.navy.mil
OI Yoon, Jinmi/0000-0002-4168-239X
NR 40
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUL 1
PY 2008
VL 681
IS 1
BP 570
EP 578
DI 10.1086/588550
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 321FM
UT WOS:000257290100050
ER
PT J
AU Li, Y
Lynch, BJ
Stenborg, G
Luhmann, JG
Huttunen, KEJ
Welsch, BT
Liewer, PC
Vourlidas, A
AF Li, Y.
Lynch, B. J.
Stenborg, G.
Luhmann, J. G.
Huttunen, K. E. J.
Welsch, B. T.
Liewer, P. C.
Vourlidas, A.
TI The solar magnetic field and coronal dynamics of the eruption on 2007
May 19
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun : corona; Sun : coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun : filaments; Sun
: flares; Sun : magnetic fields
ID MASS EJECTION; FLUX ROPES; EVOLUTION; FILAMENT; TOPOLOGY; IMAGER; MODEL
AB The solar eruption on 2007 May 19, from AR 10956 near solar disk center, consisted of a B9.5 flare ( 12: 48 UT), a filament eruption, an EUV dimming, a coronal wave, and a multifront CME. The eruption was observed by the twin STEREO spacecraft at a separation angle of 8.5 degrees. We report analysis of the source region photospheric magnetic field and its preeruption evolution using MDI magnetograms, the coronal magnetic field topology estimated via PFSS modeling, and the coronal dynamics of the eruption through STEREO EUVI wavelet-enhanced anaglyph movies. Despite its moderate magnitude and size, AR 10956 was a complex and highly nonpotential active region with a multipolar configuration, and hosted frequent flares, multiple filament eruptions, and CMEs. In the 2 days prior to the May 19 eruption, the total unsigned magnetic flux of the region decreased by similar to 17%. We interpret the photospheric magnetic field evolution, the coronal field topology, and the observed coronal dynamics in the context of current models of CME initiation and discuss the prospects for future MHD modeling inspired by these analyses.
C1 [Li, Y.; Lynch, B. J.; Luhmann, J. G.; Huttunen, K. E. J.; Welsch, B. T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Stenborg, G.] Interferometrics Inc, Herndon, VA USA.
[Huttunen, K. E. J.] Univ Helsinki, Div Theoret Phys, Dept Phys Sci, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
[Liewer, P. C.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Vourlidas, A.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Li, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM yanli@ssl.berkeley.edu; blynch@ssl.berkeley.edu;
stenborg@kreutz.nascom.nasa.gov; jgluhman@ssl.berkeley.edu;
huttunen@ssl.berkeley.edu; welsch@ssl.berkeley.edu;
paulett.liewer@jpl.nasa.gov; vourlidas@nrl.navy.mil
RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009; Kilpua, Emilia/G-8994-2012; Lynch,
Benjamin/B-1300-2013;
OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948; Lynch,
Benjamin/0000-0001-6886-855X
NR 25
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 2041-8205
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD JUL 1
PY 2008
VL 681
IS 1
BP L37
EP L40
DI 10.1086/590340
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 326LO
UT WOS:000257660800010
ER
PT J
AU Mariska, JT
Warren, HP
Williams, DR
Watanabe, T
AF Mariska, John T.
Warren, Harry P.
Williams, David R.
Watanabe, Tetsuya
TI Observations of Doppler shift oscillations with the EUV Imaging
Spectrometer on Hinode
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun : corona; Sun : oscillations; Sun : UV radiation
ID LOOP OSCILLATIONS; CORONAL LOOP; SOLAR-FLARE; WAVES; SUMER; HOT;
MISSION; REGION
AB Damped Doppler shift oscillations have been observed in emission lines from ions formed at flare temperatures with the Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation spectrometer on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory and with the Bragg Crystal Spectrometer on Yohkoh. This Letter reports the detection of low-amplitude damped oscillations in coronal emission lines formed at much lower temperatures observed with the EUV Imaging Spectrometer on the Hinode satellite. The oscillations have an amplitude of about 2 km s(-1) and a period of around 35 minutes. The decay times show some evidence for a temperature dependence with the lowest temperature of formation emission line (Fe XII 195.12 angstrom) exhibiting a decay time of about 43 minutes, while the highest temperature of formation emission line (Fe XV 284.16 angstrom) shows no evidence for decay over more than two periods of the oscillation. The data appear to be consistent with slow magnetoacoustic standing waves, but may be inconsistent with conductive damping.
C1 [Mariska, John T.; Warren, Harry P.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Williams, David R.] UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England.
[Watanabe, Tetsuya] Natl Astron Observ, Tokyo 1818588, Japan.
RP Mariska, JT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Code 7673, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM mariska@nrl.navy.mil
RI Williams, David/E-6676-2011
OI Williams, David/0000-0001-9922-8117
NR 16
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 2041-8205
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD JUL 1
PY 2008
VL 681
IS 1
BP L41
EP L44
DI 10.1086/590341
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 326LO
UT WOS:000257660800011
ER
PT J
AU Zamudio, L
Metzger, EJ
Hogan, PJ
AF Zamudio, L.
Metzger, E. J.
Hogan, P. J.
TI A note on coastally trapped waves generated by the wind at the Northern
Bight of Panama
SO ATMOSFERA
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-LEVEL VARIABILITY; WEST-COAST; PACIFIC COAST; MEXICO; CIRCULATION;
TEHUANTEPEC; GULF; AMERICA; OCEAN; CALIFORNIA
AB An operational version of the Navy Layered Ocean Model is used to Study the generation of a coastally trapped wave forced by a strong and intermittent wind event at the Northern Bight of Panama. This study identifies the winds at the Northern Bight of Panama as a new source for the generation of coastally trapped waves along the west coast of the North American continent. The results indicate that after its generation, the wave propagated poleward increasing the sea level > 10 cm, producing surface currents > 50 cm/s, and traveling > 1200 km. The generation and existence of the coastally trapped wave and the model results are validated with sea surface height coastal tide gauge observations.
C1 [Zamudio, L.] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Metzger, E. J.; Hogan, P. J.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Zamudio, L (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
EM Luis.Zamudio@nrlssc.navy.mil
NR 28
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU CENTRO CIENCIAS ATMOSFERA UNAM
PI MEXICO CITY
PA CIRCUITO EXTERIOR, MEXICO CITY CU 04510, MEXICO
SN 0187-6236
J9 ATMOSFERA
JI Atmosfera
PD JUL 1
PY 2008
VL 21
IS 3
BP 241
EP 248
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 339WC
UT WOS:000258607000002
ER
PT J
AU Ryan, MAK
Gumbs, GR
Conlin, AMS
Sevick, CJ
Jacobson, IG
Snell, KJ
Spooner, CN
Smith, TC
AF Ryan, Margaret A. K.
Gumbs, Gia R.
Conlin, Ava Marie S.
Sevick, Carter J.
Jacobson, Isabel G.
Snell, Katherine J.
Spooner, Christina N.
Smith, Tyler C.
CA Dept Def Birth Infant Hlth Reg
TI Evaluation of preterm births and birth defects in liveborn infants of US
military women who received smallpox vaccine
SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Annual Force Health Protection Conference
CY AUG 07-11, 2008
CL Louisville, KY
DE smallpox vaccine; vaccinia; maternal exposures; birth defects; preterm
birth
ID GULF-WAR VETERANS; CONGENITAL-MALFORMATIONS; ACTIVE-DUTY; PREGNANCY
OUTCOMES; VIETNAM VETERANS; SERVICE MEMBERS; UNITED-STATES; RISK;
SURVEILLANCE; HOSPITALIZATIONS
AB BACKGROUND: Women serving in the US military have some unique occupational exposures, including exposure to vaccinations that are rarely required in civilian professions. When vaccinations are inadvertently given during pregnancy, such exposures raise special concerns. These analyses address health outcomes, particularly preterm births and birth defects, among infants who appear to have been exposed to maternal smallpox vaccination in pregnancy. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 31;420 infants born to active-duty military women during 2003-2004. We used Department of Defense databases to define maternal vaccination and infant health outcomes. Multivariable regression models were developed to describe Associations between maternal smallpox vaccination and preterm births and birth defects in liveborn infants. RESULTS: There were 7,735 infants identified as born to women ever vaccinated against smallpox, and 672 infants born to women vaccinated in the first trimester of pregnancy. In multivariable modeling; maternal smallpox vaccination in pregnancy was not associated with preterm or extreme preterm delivery. Maternal smallpox vaccination in the first trimester of pregnancy was not significantly associated with overall birth defects (OR 1.40; 95% CI: 0.94, 2.07), or any of seven specific defects individually modeled. CONCLUSIONS: Results may be reassuring that smallpox vaccine, when inadvertently administered to pregnant women, is not associated with preterm delivery or birth defects in liveborn infants.
C1 [Ryan, Margaret A. K.; Gumbs, Gia R.; Conlin, Ava Marie S.; Sevick, Carter J.; Jacobson, Isabel G.; Snell, Katherine J.; Spooner, Christina N.; Smith, Tyler C.; Dept Def Birth Infant Hlth Reg] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res,Dept 164, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
RP Ryan, MAK (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res,Dept 164, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
EM Margaret.ryan@med.navy.mil
NR 46
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1542-0752
EI 1542-0760
J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A
JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 82
IS 7
BP 533
EP 539
DI 10.1002/bdra.20470
PG 7
WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology
SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology
GA 329YP
UT WOS:000257906800006
PM 18496830
ER
PT J
AU Prabhakaran, K
Ghosh, D
Chapman, GD
Gunasekar, PG
AF Prabhakaran, K.
Ghosh, D.
Chapman, G. D.
Gunasekar, P. G.
TI Molecular mechanism of manganese exposure-induced dopaminergic toxicity
SO BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE manganese; neurotoxicity; oxidative stress; transcription factor;
apoptosis; dopamine
ID NF-KAPPA-B; NITRIC-OXIDE; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; L-DOPA; RAT STRIATUM;
OXIDATIVE STRESS; PC12 CELLS; MPTP MODEL; NEUROTOXICITY; ACTIVATION
AB Manganese (Mn) is an essential mineral that is found in varying amounts in aerosols or dust. Exposure to atmospheric Mn at high concentration is a risk factor in humans that can manifest as neuronal degeneration resembling Parkinson's disease (PD). Since the underlying mechanism of Mn and dopamine (DA) interaction-induced cell death remains unclear, here, we showed that Mn exposure alone to mesencephalic cells for 24 h induced minimal apoptotic cell death. However, cells pre-exposed to DA for 2 h accelerated Mn-induced apoptosis. The vulnerability of Mn-induced apoptotic cell death to DA was determined by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and ApoptagTUNEL staining (terminaldeoxynucleotidyl transferase DNA labeling). This was further confirmed by the cell viability assay to support our hypothesis that DA at the cellular level interacts with Mn and causes cells to be more susceptible. Pretreatment with nitric oxide blocker (7-nitroindazole, 7-NI), vitamin E or NF-kappa B inhibitor (SN50) significantly protected the cells from Mn and DA interaction-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Western blot analysis showed that Mn in the presence of DA markedly induced induction of NOS (iNOS) expression. Pretreatment with 7-NI, SN50 or vitamin E significantly attenuated increased iNOS expression indicating that iNOS expression is regulated by ROS and the transcription factor NF-kappa B. Further, the generation of ROS as an early event in Mn and DA interaction is not controlled by NF-kappa B as SN50 pretreatment did not prevent ROS. These findings suggest that NF-kappa B induction and the activation of nitric oxide synthase through ROS represent a proximate mechanism for Mn-induced neurotoxicity. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Prabhakaran, K.; Chapman, G. D.; Gunasekar, P. G.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr Detachment, Environm Hlth Effects Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
[Ghosh, D.] Texas So Univ, Dept Biol, Houston, TX 77004 USA.
RP Gunasekar, PG (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr Detachment, Environm Hlth Effects Lab, 2729 R St,Area B,Bldg 837, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
EM palur.gunasekar@wpafb.af.mil
NR 53
TC 46
Z9 49
U1 1
U2 7
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0361-9230
J9 BRAIN RES BULL
JI Brain Res. Bull.
PD JUL 1
PY 2008
VL 76
IS 4
BP 361
EP 367
DI 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2008.03.004
PG 7
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 313EP
UT WOS:000256724200005
PM 18502311
ER
PT J
AU Gattinger, RL
Degenstein, DA
Llewellyn, EJ
Stevens, MH
AF Gattinger, R. L.
Degenstein, D. A.
Llewellyn, E. J.
Stevens, M. H.
TI OH A(2)Sigma(+)-X-2 Pi band ratios observed in the mesosphere by OSIRIS
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID EMISSION
AB In this study, we present spectra of the mesospheric OH A(2)Sigma(+)-X-2 Pi band system, including the 0-0, 1-1, and 1-0 bands, as observed by OSIRIS (Optical Spectrograph and Infrared Imaging System). Spectral components due to Rayleigh-scattered sunlight, lower thermospheric dayglow emission features, and baffle scatter have been removed to isolate the OH emission signature. The observed spectra arc compared with model spectra assembled using rotational emission rate factors for solar resonance fluorescence (g-factors) plus prompt emission of the OH A(2)Sigma(+)-X-2 Pi band system from solar Lyman-alpha photodissociation of water. The observed band ratios are in good agreement with the model values. The altitude variation of the 0-0 band, relative to the 1-1 band, is in agreement with model predictions based on vibrational energy transfer from OH A(2)Sigma(+)v' = 1 to OH A(2)Sigma(+)v' = 0. This detailed understanding of the OH A(2)Sigma(+)-X-2 Pi system is critical for the Successful application of OH observations to the determination of mesospheric OH densities and water vapor concentrations.
C1 [Gattinger, R. L.; Degenstein, D. A.; Llewellyn, E. J.] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Inst Space & Atmospher Studies, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada.
[Stevens, M. H.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Llewellyn, EJ (reprint author), Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Inst Space & Atmospher Studies, 116 Sci Pl, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada.
EM edward.llewellyn@usask.ca
FU Canadian Space Agency; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
(Canada); Office of Naval Research; (SNSB); CSA; CNES; Tekes
FX This work was supported by the Canadian Space Agency and the Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Council (Canada). MHS was supported by
the Office of Naval Research. Odin is a Swedish-led satellite project
funded jointly by Sweden (SNSB), Canada (CSA), France (CNES) and Finland
(Tekes).
NR 20
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0008-4204
J9 CAN J PHYS
JI Can. J. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 86
IS 7
BP 857
EP 862
DI 10.1139/P08-015
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 348EP
UT WOS:000259194100001
ER
PT J
AU Butler, JE
Sumant, AV
AF Butler, James E.
Sumant, Anirudha V.
TI The CVD of nanodiamond materials
SO CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION
LA English
DT Review
DE growth; nanocrystalline diamond; nucleation; ultra-nanocrystalline
diamond
ID NANOCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND FILMS; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; DOPED
ULTRANANOCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND; FIELD-EMISSION PROPERTIES; MICROWAVE
PLASMA CVD; SILICON-ON-DIAMOND; X-RAY-LITHOGRAPHY; THIN-FILMS;
LOW-TEMPERATURE; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES
AB The growth and characteristics of nanocrystalline diamond thin films with thicknesses from 20 nm to less than 5 mu m are reviewed. These materials contain between 95% and >99.9% diamond crystallites, the balance being made up from other forms of carbon. Within this class of materials there is a continuous range of composition, characteristics, and properties which depend on the nucleation and growth conditions. It is convenient to classify these films as either ultra-nanocrystalline-diamond (UNCD) or nanocrystalline-diamond (NCD) based on their microstructure, properties, and growth environment. In general, UNCD materials are composed of small particles of diamond ca. 2-5 nm in size with sp(2)-carbon bonding between the particles. UNCD is usually grown in argon-rich, hydrogen-poor CVD environments, and may contain up to 95-98% sp(3)-bonded carbon. NCD materials start with high density nucleation, initiating nanometer-sized diamond domains which grow in a columnar manner with the grain size coarsening with thickness. NCD is generally grown in carbon-lean and hydrogen-rich environments. NCD and UNCD exhibit an interesting range of physical properties which find use in X-ray windows and lithography, micro- and nanomechanical and optical resonators, tribological shaft seats and atomic force microscopy (AFM) probes, electron field emitters, platforms for chemical and DNA sensing, and many other applications.
C1 [Butler, James E.] USN, Res Lab, GasSurface Dynam Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Sumant, Anirudha V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Butler, JE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, GasSurface Dynam Sect, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM james.butler@nrl.navy.mil
RI Butler, James/B-7965-2008
OI Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176
FU Office of Naval Research/Naval Research Laboratory; DARPA/MTO; US
Department of Energy, BES-Materials Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research/Naval
Research Laboratory and DARPA/MTO. The use of the Center for Nanoscale
Materials was supported by the US Department of Energy, BES-Materials
Sciences, under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. JEB thanks S. Rotter, T.
Feygelson, K. Hobart, and H. Windischmann for their assistance on NCD.
AVS thanks his collaborators Orlando Auciello, Robert W. Carpick, David
Grierson, John Carlisle. and PUPA Gilbert on the work on UNCD. The
authors thank the referees for constructive comments.
NR 157
TC 152
Z9 156
U1 7
U2 139
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0948-1907
J9 CHEM VAPOR DEPOS
JI Chem. Vapor Depos.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2008
VL 14
IS 7-8
BP 145
EP 160
DI 10.1002/cvde.200700037
PG 16
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics,
Condensed Matter
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 349SD
UT WOS:000259302700002
ER
PT J
AU Crum-Cianflone, NF
AF Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.
TI Bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and viral myositis
SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
ID RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS;
OF-THE-LITERATURE; ACUTE-RENAL-FAILURE; PRIMARY PSOAS ABSCESS;
TOXIC-SHOCK-SYNDROME; CRYPTOCOCCUS-NEOFORMANS MYOSITIS; INDUCIBLE
CLINDAMYCIN RESISTANCE; RICKETTSIA-CONORII INFECTION;
POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION
C1 [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] USN, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
RP Crum-Cianflone, NF (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM nancy.crum@med.navy.mil
NR 266
TC 69
Z9 71
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0893-8512
EI 1098-6618
J9 CLIN MICROBIOL REV
JI Clin. Microbiol. Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 21
IS 3
BP 473
EP 494
DI 10.1128/CMR.00001-08
PG 22
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 340TH
UT WOS:000258667400006
PM 18625683
ER
PT J
AU Riddle, MS
Sanders, JW
Jones, JJ
Webb, SC
AF Riddle, Mark S.
Sanders, John W.
Jones, James J.
Webb, Schuyler C.
TI Self-reported combat stress indicators among troops deployed to Iraq and
Afghanistan: an epidemiological study
SO COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Article
ID MENTAL-HEALTH PROBLEMS; MILITARY; CARE; WAR; DEPRESSION; SYMPTOMS;
DISORDER
AB Evident mental health needs among combat veterans after their return from combat have been described, whereas available data describing the mental health status of military personnel during deployment are few. Data were collected from personnel systematically selected from current combat regions participating in a rest and recuperation program in Doha, Qatar. Overall, 40620 troops completed a clinic screening form between October 2003 and January 2005. Rates of self-reported depression among troops in Afghanistan were lower than those of Iraq (32.3 vs 69.7 per 10000, P < .0001). Feelings of depression and self-harm were inversely correlated with rank (4-level ordinal grouping) (beta(Coef) = -.21, P = .0006; beta(Coef) = -0.49, P < .00001, respectively). Distinct temporal trends found in reported combat stress and monthly mortality rates were noted. These data support previous reports of higher mental health problems among troops in Iraq as compared with troops in Afghanistan and lower health care-seeking behavior overall. In an effort to remove barriers to care and minimize combat stress effects, it is critical to recognize mental health needs and initiate services during combat deployments. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Riddle, Mark S.; Sanders, John W.] USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt.
[Jones, James J.] USAF Cent Command, Troop Med Clin, Doha, Qatar.
[Webb, Schuyler C.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Riddle, MS (reprint author), USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt.
EM riddlem@nmrc.navy.mil
RI Riddle, Mark/A-8029-2011; Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013
NR 21
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 3
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 0010-440X
J9 COMPR PSYCHIAT
JI Compr. Psychiat.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2008
VL 49
IS 4
BP 340
EP 345
DI 10.1016/j.comppsych.2007.07.007
PG 6
WC Psychiatry
SC Psychiatry
GA 318PH
UT WOS:000257103600005
PM 18555053
ER
PT J
AU Pidaparti, RM
Rao, AS
AF Pidaparti, Ramana M.
Rao, Appajoysula S.
TI Analysis of Pits induced stresses due to metal corrosion
SO CORROSION SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminum alloys; pit induced corrosion; SEM; stresses; finite element
analysis
ID PITTING CORROSION; LOCALIZED CORROSION; STAINLESS-STEELS; INITIATION;
ALUMINUM; MICROSCOPY; GROWTH
AB The corrosion damage due to pitting is commonly observed in a wide range of aluminum alloys and structural steels that are being used for aerospace and naval structural applications. In order to predict the nucleation of cracks resulting from nucleation and growth of pits, there is a need to obtain the stress environment around pits. The objective of this study is to investigate the pits induced stresses responsible for possible crack nucleation using the photomicrographs of corroded aluminum 5059 alloy samples using stress analysis. An analysis procedure is developed using CAD and finite element analysis to predict stresses due to single and/or multiple corroded pits. The analysis was performed to investigate stress distributions on the corrosion surface as a function of sensitization time. The results obtained indicate that as the duration of the specimen sensitization increased from 50 days to 74 days, the highest stress levels have increased by about 56%. However, further increase in the sensitization time from 74 to 100 days has very little effect on the stress level. The observed severe exfoliation or the tearing of the sample surface layers in and around the pits is due to the nucleation and coalescence of fine cracks. The cracks are nucleated because of the production and the buildup of differential stresses along the sample thickness. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Pidaparti, Ramana M.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Richmond, VA 23284 USA.
[Rao, Appajoysula S.] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dept Met Engn, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA.
RP Pidaparti, RM (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 601 W Main St, Richmond, VA 23284 USA.
EM rmpidaparti@vcu.edu; appajosula.rao@navy.mil
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0505039]; Naval Surface Warfare Center
[61, 60]
FX The author (R.M.P.) thank graduate student Mr. Kittisak Koombua and
undergraduate student Mr. Franco Alvarez for help with simulations
reported in the paper. Both the authors thank Dr. Airen Perez of the US
Office of Naval Research for funding this work. The author (R.M.P.)
thanks the National Science Foundation for sponsoring this research
through grant DMR-0505039. The author (A.S.R.) would like to thank the
Heads of Code 61 and 60 of the Naval Surface Warfare Center for
providing funding for this modeling effort.
NR 21
TC 25
Z9 27
U1 4
U2 20
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0010-938X
J9 CORROS SCI
JI Corrosion Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 50
IS 7
BP 1932
EP 1938
DI 10.1016/j.corsci.2008.05.003
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 338XV
UT WOS:000258543600016
ER
PT J
AU Stanley, PF
Tanzer, DJ
Schallhorn, SC
AF Stanley, Philip F.
Tanzer, David J.
Schallhorn, Steven C.
TI Laser refractive surgery in the United States Navy
SO CURRENT OPINION IN OPHTHALMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE advanced surface ablation; contrast sensitivity; femtosecond; LASIK;
photorefractive keratectomy; sub-Bowman's keratomileusis
AB Purpose of review
The aim of this article is to highlight the numerous contributions the US Navy has made to the field of laser refractive surgery. It summarizes and draws together published papers, national meeting presentations, and unpublished data of clinical and laboratory studies involving the excimer laser and the laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) flap.
Recent findings
Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) is the most widely performed refractive procedure in the US Navy, but this trend is slowly changing as femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK becomes more widely performed. Based on the results of recent studies, PRK is approved for designated Naval aviators and flight officers; post-PRK students are now allowed into flight training. Wavefront-guided PRK and LASIK are more predictable and provided better results than conventional PRK and LASIK. Femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK is now a waiverable procedure for US military personnel and US Astronauts (excluding Naval aviators, as of this writing).
Summary
Since its personnel must meet strict visual requirements to accomplish their mission in a variety of environments, the US Navy places particular emphasis on safety and quality of vision after laser refractive surgery. The US Navy has been evaluating the safety and efficacy of laser refractive surgery since 1993 and will continue to do so.
C1 [Stanley, Philip F.] Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Wilmer Ophthalmol Inst, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
[Tanzer, David J.] USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Stanley, PF (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Wilmer Ophthalmol Inst, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
EM fatvette@yahoo.com
NR 7
TC 16
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 4
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1040-8738
J9 CURR OPIN OPHTHALMOL
JI Curr. Opin. Ophthalmol.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 19
IS 4
BP 321
EP 324
DI 10.1097/ICU.0b013e3283009ee3
PG 4
WC Ophthalmology
SC Ophthalmology
GA 320LR
UT WOS:000257236500008
PM 18545015
ER
PT J
AU Sarasvathy, S
Dew, N
AF Sarasvathy, Saras
Dew, Nicholas
TI Effectuation and over-trust: Debating Goel and Karri
SO ENTREPRENEURSHIP THEORY AND PRACTICE
LA English
DT Article
ID ECONOMICS; ENTREPRENEURS
AB In their article on entrepreneurship, effectuation, and over-trust, Goel and Karri suggest relationships between effectuation, over-trust, and certain psychological characteristics of entrepreneurs. In this response we debate their article. Goel and Karri are correct in claiming that effectuation supposes over-trust. However, we argue that effectual logic works in a different way than they presented because it neither predicts nor assumes trust. Goel and Karri's article also draws attention to the behavioral assumptions underlying constructs such as over-(under) trust. Our suggestion is that effectuation is based on alternative behavioral assumptions that open up interesting avenues for future research in entrepreneurship.
C1 [Sarasvathy, Saras] Univ Virginia, Darden Grad Sch Business Adm, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
[Dew, Nicholas] USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Washington, DC 20350 USA.
RP Sarasvathy, S (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Darden Grad Sch Business Adm, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
EM sarasvathys@darden.vrginia.edu
NR 28
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 4
U2 40
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1042-2587
J9 ENTREP THEORY PRACT
JI Entrep. Theory Pract.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 32
IS 4
BP 727
EP 737
DI 10.1111/j.1540-6520.2008.00250.x
PG 11
WC Business
SC Business & Economics
GA 315EK
UT WOS:000256860600007
ER
PT J
AU Chu, PC
Chen, YC
Lu, SH
AF Chu, Peter C.
Chen, Yuchun
Lu, Shihua
TI Afforestation for reduction of NOX concentration in Lanzhou China
SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Joint Conference of the 3rd International Symposium on Air Quality
Management at Urban, Regional and Global Scales/14th IUAPPA Regional
Conference
CY SEP 26-30, 2005
CL Istanbul, TURKEY
SP Int Union Air Pollut Prevent & Environm Protect Assoc
DE mountain-slope afforestation; NOX concentration; RAMS-HYPACT; air
pollution index; mountain-breeze circulation; stable stratification;
inversion
ID MODEL
AB Lanzhou is one of the major industrial cities in northwest China, the capital of Gansu Province, and located at a northwest-to-southeast oriented valley basin with elevation about 1500-1600-m. Due to topographic and meteorological characteristics, Lanzhou is one of the most polluted cities in China. Meteorological conditions (low winds, stable stratification especially inversion), pollutant sources and sinks affect the air quality. Lanzhou government carried out afforestation and pollutant-source reduction (closing several heavy industrial factories) to improve the air quality for the past two decades. In this study, effect of afforestation on reducing the NOX concentration is investigated numerically using RAMS-HYPACT model. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chu, Peter C.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Ocean Atmospher Predict Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
[Chen, Yuchun; Lu, Shihua] Chinese Acad Sci, Cold & Arid Reg Environm & Engn Res Inst, Lanzhou, Peoples R China.
RP Chu, PC (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Ocean Atmospher Predict Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
EM pcchu@nps.edu
NR 11
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 5
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0160-4120
J9 ENVIRON INT
JI Environ. Int.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 34
IS 5
BP 688
EP 697
DI 10.1016/j.envint.2007.12.014
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 325WO
UT WOS:000257619600016
PM 18258303
ER
PT J
AU Chu, PC
Chen, YC
Lu, SH
Li, ZC
Lu, YQ
AF Chu, Peter C.
Chen, Yuchun
Lu, Shihua
Li, Zhenchao
Lu, Yaqiong
TI Particulate air pollution in Lanzhou China
SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Joint Conference of the 3rd International Symposium on Air Quality
Management at Urban, Regional and Global Scales/14th IUAPPA Regional
Conference
CY SEP 26-30, 2005
CL Istanbul, TURKEY
SP Int Union Air Pollut Prevent & Environm Protect Assoc
DE particulate pollutants; dust storm; air quality; air pollution index;
TSP; PM10
ID ASIAN DUST EVENTS; APRIL 1998; SOIL DUST; TRANSPORT; PACIFIC
AB Concentrations of total suspended particles (TSP) and PM10 in Lanzhou China have been kept high for the past two decades. Data collected during the intensive observational period from October 1999 to April 2001 show high TSP and PM10 concentrations. Starting from November, the PM10 pollution intensifies, and reaches mid to high alert level of air pollution, continues until April next year, and is at low alert level in the summer. In the winter and spring, the TSP concentration is 2-10 times higher than the third-level criterion of air quality (severe pollution). Effects of intrinsic factors (sources of pollution) and remote preconditions (propagation of dust storms) for severe PM10 and TSP pollution in Lanzhou are analyzed. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chu, Peter C.] USN, Postgrad Sch, NOAP Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
[Chen, Yuchun; Lu, Shihua; Li, Zhenchao] Chinese Acad Sci, Cold & Arid Reg Environm & Engn Res Inst, Lanzhou, Peoples R China.
[Lu, Yaqiong] Chengdu Univ Informat Technol, Dept Atmospher Sci, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
RP Chu, PC (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, NOAP Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
EM pcchu@nps.edu
NR 23
TC 33
Z9 43
U1 9
U2 17
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0160-4120
EI 1873-6750
J9 ENVIRON INT
JI Environ. Int.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 34
IS 5
BP 698
EP 713
DI 10.1016/j.envint.2007.12.013
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 325WO
UT WOS:000257619600017
PM 18234337
ER
PT J
AU Anam, K
Davis, TA
AF Anam, Khairul
Davis, Thomas A.
TI Transcriptional profile of growth factor, cytokine and chemokine
receptors in bone marrow HSC versus
SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT ISEH 37th Annual Scientific Meeting/6th International Neonatal
Hematology and Immunology Meeting
CY JUL 09-12, 2008
CL Boston, MA
C1 [Anam, Khairul; Davis, Thomas A.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Regenerat Med Dept, Silver Spring, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0301-472X
J9 EXP HEMATOL
JI Exp. Hematol.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 36
IS 7
SU 1
BP S25
EP S26
PG 2
WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 322BF
UT WOS:000257349500058
ER
PT J
AU Hamdan, LJ
Gillevet, PM
Sikaroodi, M
Pohlman, JW
Plummer, RE
Coffin, RB
AF Hamdan, Leila J.
Gillevet, Patrick M.
Sikaroodi, Masoumeh
Pohlman, John W.
Plummer, Rebecca E.
Coffin, Richard B.
TI Geomicrobial characterization of gas hydrate-bearing sediments along the
mid-Chilean margin
SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE methane; sulfate; Chilean margin; bacterial diversity; AOM; length
heterogeneity-PCR
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY
STRUCTURE; ANAEROBIC METHANE OXIDATION; LENGTH HETEROGENEITY PCR; DEEP
MARINE-SEDIMENTS; CONTINENTAL-MARGIN; HYDROTHERMAL VENT;
SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; REDUCTION RATES
AB Bacterial diversity in eight sediment cores from the mid-Chilean margin was studied using length heterogeneity (LH)-PCR, and described in relation to in situ geochemical conditions. DNA from the sulfate-methane transition (SMT) of three cores [one containing methane gas; two proximal to a gas hydrate mound (GHM)] was cloned and sequenced. Clones related to uncultured relatives of Desulfosarcina variabilis were found in all clone libraries and dominated one. Desulfosarcina variabilis related clones were similar to phylotypes observed at the SMT in association with anaerobic methane oxidation in the Eel River basin, Cascadia margin and the Gulf of Mexico. The LH-PCR amplicon associated with D. variabilis clones matched the amplicon that dominated most SMT samples, indicating environmental selection for D. variabilis relatives. Clones related to the Verrucomicrobia dominated the library for the methane gas-containing core. Uncultured Treponema relatives dominated the library for the core obtained on the edge of a GHM. Statistical analysis using geochemical data to describe variance in LH-PCR data revealed that stable carbon isotope ratios of dissolved inorganic carbon are the principal structuring factor on SMT communities. These data suggest that D. variabilis relatives are involved in anaerobic oxidation of methane at the SMT in Chilean margin sediments.
C1 [Hamdan, Leila J.; Coffin, Richard B.] USN, Res Lab, Marine Biogeochem Sect, Washington, DC USA.
[Gillevet, Patrick M.; Sikaroodi, Masoumeh] George Mason Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Manassas, VA USA.
[Pohlman, John W.; Plummer, Rebecca E.] USN, Res Lab, SAIC, Washington, DC USA.
RP Hamdan, LJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Biogeochem Sect, Code 6114,Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC USA.
EM leila.hamdan@nrl.navy.mil
RI Hamdan, Leila/A-4535-2009
OI Hamdan, Leila/0000-0001-7331-0729
NR 71
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 16
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0168-6496
EI 1574-6941
J9 FEMS MICROBIOL ECOL
JI FEMS Microbiol. Ecol.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 65
IS 1
BP 15
EP 30
DI 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2008.00507.x
PG 16
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 313BX
UT WOS:000256717200002
PM 18522645
ER
PT J
AU Busemann, H
Nguyen, AN
Nittler, LR
Stroud, RM
Zega, TJ
Cody, G
Yabuta, H
Kilcoyne, ALD
AF Busemann, H.
Nguyen, A. N.
Nittler, L. R.
Stroud, R. M.
Zega, T. J.
Cody, G.
Yabuta, H.
Kilcoyne, A. L. D.
TI Interplanetary dust collected in the comet Grigg-Skjellerup dust stream
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 18th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference
CY JUL, 2008
CL Vancouver, CANADA
C1 [Busemann, H.] Open Univ, PSSRI, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England.
[Busemann, H.; Nguyen, A. N.; Nittler, L. R.; Cody, G.; Yabuta, H.] Carnegie Inst Washington, Washington, DC 20005 USA.
[Stroud, R. M.; Zega, T. J.] USN, Res Lab Washington, Washington, DC USA.
[Kilcoyne, A. L. D.] Berkeley Natl Lab, ALS, Berkeley Hts, NJ USA.
EM h.busemann@open.ac.uk
RI Stroud, Rhonda/C-5503-2008; Kilcoyne, David/I-1465-2013
OI Stroud, Rhonda/0000-0001-5242-8015;
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
EI 1872-9533
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 72
IS 12
SU 1
BP A124
EP A124
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 321JU
UT WOS:000257301600254
ER
PT J
AU De Gregorio, BT
Stroud, RM
Ebel, DS
AF De Gregorio, B. T.
Stroud, R. M.
Ebel, D. S.
TI Pre- and post-accretionary carbonates in the Renazzo CR chondrite
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 18th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference
CY JUL, 2008
CL Vancouver, CANADA
C1 [De Gregorio, B. T.; Stroud, R. M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Ebel, D. S.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, New York, NY 10024 USA.
EM bradley.degregorio@nrl.navy.mil
RI De Gregorio, Bradley/B-8465-2008; Stroud, Rhonda/C-5503-2008
OI De Gregorio, Bradley/0000-0001-9096-3545; Stroud,
Rhonda/0000-0001-5242-8015
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
EI 1872-9533
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 72
IS 12
SU 1
BP A208
EP A208
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 321JU
UT WOS:000257301600422
ER
EF