FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Wang, J
   Collins, D
   Covert, D
   Elleman, R
   Ferrare, RA
   Gasparini, R
   Jonsson, H
   Ogren, J
   Sheridan, P
   Tsay, SC
AF Wang, Jian
   Collins, Don
   Covert, David
   Elleman, Robert
   Ferrare, Richard A.
   Gasparini, Roberto
   Jonsson, Haflidi
   Ogren, John
   Sheridan, Patrick
   Tsay, Si-Chee
TI Temporal variation of aerosol properties at a rural continental site and
   study of aerosol evolution through growth law analysis
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID CHEMICAL CONVERSION MECHANISMS; SOUTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; POWER-PLANT
   PLUMES; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; EFFECTIVE RADIUS; MARINE STRATUS;
   WATER-VAPOR; CLOUD; AIRCRAFT; H2SO4
AB [ 1] Aerosol size distributions were measured by a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS) on board the CIRPAS Twin Otter aircraft during 16 flights at the Southern Great Plains (SGP) site in northern central Oklahoma as part of the Aerosol Intensive Operation period in May 2003. During the same period a second SMPS was deployed at a surface station and provided continuous measurements. Combined with trace gas measurements at the SGP site and back trajectory analysis, the aerosol size distributions provided insights into the sources of aerosols observed at the SGP site. High particle concentrations, observed mostly during daytime, were well correlated with the sulfur dioxide (SO2) mixing ratios, suggesting nucleation involving sulfuric acid is likely the main source of newly formed particles at the SGP. Aerosols within plumes originating from wildfires in Central America were measured at the surface site. Vertically compact aerosol layers, which can be traced back to forest fires in East Asia, were intercepted at altitudes over 3000 m. Analyses of size-dependent particle growth rates for four periods during which high cloud coverage was observed indicate growth dominated by volume controlled reactions. Sulfate accounts for 50% to 72% of the increase in aerosol volume concentration; the rest of the volume concentration increase was likely due to secondary organic species. The growth law analyses and meteorological conditions indicate that the sulfate was produced mainly through aqueous oxidation of SO2 in clouds droplets and hydrated aerosol particles.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
   Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
   Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
   NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
   USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
   NOAA, Global Monitoring Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
   NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Wang, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM jian@bnl.gov
RI Collins, Don/F-9617-2012; Wang, Jian/G-9344-2011; Tsay,
   Si-Chee/J-1147-2014; Ogren, John/M-8255-2015
OI Ogren, John/0000-0002-7895-9583
NR 48
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD SEP 23
PY 2006
VL 111
IS D18
AR D18203
DI 10.1029/2005JD006704
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 088RD
UT WOS:000240827900001
ER

PT J
AU Thomas, JP
   Qidwai, MA
   Kellogg, JC
AF Thomas, James P.
   Qidwai, Muhammad A.
   Kellogg, James C.
TI Energy scavenging for small-scale unmanned systems
SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE autophagous; induction-antenna; multifunctional; photovoltaic;
   thermoelectric; wind-generator
ID POWER; DESIGN
AB Several energy scavenging concepts are reviewed and analyzed to determine their potential for supplementing the on-board energy of small electric unmanned systems to enable increases in endurance and range. Photonic (solar), kinetic-flow (wind), thermal, and electromagnetic sources of energy are considered as well as autophagous structure-power concepts that allow for energy generation through self-consumption of system structure. Notional designs for each scavenging concept are evaluated with regard to their power collection capability and multifunctional potential. Power collection levels ranging from fractions of a watt to tens of watts are possible depending on the weight and size allowed for the energy collection or autophagous storage elements and the efficiency of conversion from scavenged energy to system electrical energy. An analysis methodology is developed to link energy scavenger performance to changes in unmanned system performance. The methodology is demonstrated by analyzing solar scavenging on unmanned air vehicles as a means of extending the flight endurance time. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   SAIC, NRL Washington Operat, Washington, DC 20003 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Off Board Countermeasures Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Thomas, JP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Code 6350,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM james.p.thomas@nrl.navy.mil; muhammad.qidwai@nrl.navy.mil;
   james.kellogg@nrl.navy.mil
OI Qidwai, Siddiq/0000-0002-2389-118X
NR 47
TC 61
Z9 61
U1 2
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-7753
J9 J POWER SOURCES
JI J. Power Sources
PD SEP 22
PY 2006
VL 159
IS 2
BP 1494
EP 1509
DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.12.084
PG 16
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials
   Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA 090OB
UT WOS:000240959500094
ER

PT J
AU Jayasundera, S
   Zeinali, M
   Miller, JB
   Velea, LM
   Gaber, BP
   Markowitz, MA
AF Jayasundera, Shalini
   Zeinali, Mazyar
   Miller, Joel B.
   Velea, Luminita M.
   Gaber, Bruce P.
   Markowitz, Michael A.
TI Investigation of surface interactions in molecular recognition of
   phosphonate imprinted organosilicates and the role of water
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID SILICA PARTICLES; ADSORPTION; ORGANOSILANES; POLYMERS
AB Surface interactions in molecular recognition of phosphonate imprinted organosilicates and the role of water have been studied. NMR and calorimetry studies have shown the changing nature of the surface water structure on silicate surfaces due to template directed molecular imprinting. Results indicate the interaction of an organophosphonate compound with the functionalized silica surfaces to be through surrounding water molecules. However, with nonfunctionalized surfaces, additional higher energy interactions were possible. Further, our results support the possible templating effect of water during the imprint process.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Markowitz, MA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM Michael.Markowitz@nrl.navy.mil
NR 19
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD SEP 21
PY 2006
VL 110
IS 37
BP 18121
EP 18125
DI 10.1021/jp063880y
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 083YR
UT WOS:000240496500012
PM 16970423
ER

PT J
AU Shlesinger, MF
AF Shlesinger, Michael F.
TI Mathematical physics - Search research
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
RP Shlesinger, MF (reprint author), Off Naval Res, 875 N Randolph St, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
EM shlesim@onr.navy.mil
NR 4
TC 101
Z9 106
U1 0
U2 7
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD SEP 21
PY 2006
VL 443
IS 7109
BP 281
EP 282
DI 10.1038/443281a
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 085RL
UT WOS:000240622000027
PM 16988697
ER

PT J
AU Monzon, C
   Forester, DW
   Burkhart, R
   Bellemare, J
AF Monzon, Cesar
   Forester, Donald W.
   Burkhart, Richard
   Bellemare, Jim
TI Rough ocean surface and sunglint region characteristics
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MEAN-SQUARE SLOPE; INFRARED RADIANCE; SEA; WAVES; EMISSIVITY; HORIZON;
   GLINT; SKY
AB The sunglint geometrical optics equations of a statistically faceted sea, supported by the so-called interaction probability density and employing an averaging hybrid of the Cox-Munk and Mermelstein slope statistics, was successful in simulating 0.5 mu m sunglint region characteristics. The results match independent experimental data, and good agreement is reported for various sea conditions and Sun locations, on sunglint amplitude, sunglint location, and azimuth range. In particular, the peak reflectance shift from the specular direction toward the horizon is correctly predicted, and it is found that the physical mechanism responsible for the shift is the accumulation of contributing facets near the horizon. (c) 2006 Optical Society of America
C1 SFA Dept NRL, Largo, MD 20774 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Monzon, C (reprint author), SFA Dept NRL, Largo, MD 20774 USA.
EM jcmonzon@olg.com
NR 20
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD SEP 20
PY 2006
VL 45
IS 27
BP 7089
EP 7096
DI 10.1364/AO.45.007089
PG 8
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 089MX
UT WOS:000240885800026
PM 16946787
ER

PT J
AU Buyle, P
   Michielsen, D
   De Rijcke, S
   Pisano, DJ
   Dejonghe, H
   Freeman, K
AF Buyle, P.
   Michielsen, D.
   De Rijcke, S.
   Pisano, D. J.
   Dejonghe, H.
   Freeman, K.
TI The HI content of E+A galaxies
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : elliptical and lenticular, cD; galaxies : evolution; galaxies
   : fundamental parameters; galaxies : ISM
ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; DELTA-STRONG GALAXIES; STAR-FORMATION; DISTANT
   CLUSTERS; SPECTROSCOPY; EVOLUTION; GAS; POPULATION; PHOTOMETRY; CATALOG
AB We present deep single-dish H I observations of a sample of six nearby E+A galaxies (0.5 < z < 0.). A non-negligible fraction of a local sample of E+As are detected in H I. In four galaxies, we have detected up to a few times 10(9) M-circle dot of neutral gas. These E+A galaxies are almost as gas-rich as spiral galaxies with comparable luminosities. There appears to exist no direct correlation between the amount of H I present in an E+A galaxy and its star formation rate as traced by radio continuum emission. Moreover, the end of the starburst does not necessarily require the complete exhaustion of the neutral gas reservoir. Most likely, an intense burst of star formation consumed the dense molecular clouds, which are the sites of massive star formation. This effectively stops star formation, even though copious amounts of diffuse neutral gas remain. The remaining H I reservoir may eventually lead to further episodes of star formation. This may indicate that some E+As are observed in the inactive phase of the star formation duty cycle.
C1 Univ Ghent, Sterrenkundig Observ, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
   Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia.
RP Buyle, P (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Sterrenkundig Observ, Krijgslaan 281,S9, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
EM pieter.buyle@ugent.be; dolf.michielsen@nottingham.ac.uk;
   sven.derijcke@ugent.be; daniel.pisano@nrl.navy.mil;
   herwig.dejonghe@ugent.be; kcf@mso.anu.edu.au
NR 31
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD SEP 20
PY 2006
VL 649
IS 1
BP 163
EP 171
DI 10.1086/505633
PN 1
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 086DY
UT WOS:000240655000011
ER

PT J
AU Chen, J
   Marque, C
   Vourlidas, A
   Krall, J
   Schuck, PW
AF Chen, J.
   Marque, C.
   Vourlidas, A.
   Krall, J.
   Schuck, P. W.
TI The flux-rope scaling of the acceleration of coronal mass ejections and
   eruptive prominences
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE MHD; Sun : corona; Sun : coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun :
   prominences
ID MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; CURRENT LOOPS; MODEL; EVOLUTION; LASCO; DYNAMICS;
   FLARES; EIT; MECHANISM; TOPOLOGY
AB The new flux-rope scaling law of the acceleration of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) derived by Chen & Krall is quantitatively tested by comparing the theoretical prediction with the near-Sun acceleration profiles of 13 eruptive prominences (EPs) and four CMEs. A CME and associated EP are assumed to be organized by an underlying magnetic flux rope (MFR) with specific structural and geometrical relationships. The scaling law states that if the initial structure is a flux rope with a footpoint separation distance of S-f, then the height Z(max) at which the acceleration measured at the centroid of the apex reaches maximum scales with S-f. The primary source of prominence data is the radio data from the archive of the Nobeyama Radio Observatory. A number of H alpha events are also included. For CMEs, previously published events with good coverage of the initial acceleration are used. For each event, observed quantities are used to determine S-f and Z(max). It is shown that for the events included in the present study, Zmax scales with Sf in accordance with the scaling law. The result is consistent with the hypothesis that the preeruption magnetic structure underlying a CME and the associated EP is a flux rope driven by the toroidal Lorentz hoop force. The scaling law may constitute a quantitative observable discriminator of the preeruption magnetic geometry underlying CMEs/EPs and the driving force.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Univ Space Res Assoc, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Chen, J (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM james.chen@nrl.navy.mil
RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009
OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948
NR 45
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD SEP 20
PY 2006
VL 649
IS 1
BP 452
EP 463
DI 10.1086/506466
PN 1
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 086DY
UT WOS:000240655000038
ER

PT J
AU Doschek, GA
AF Doschek, G. A.
TI Doppler shift correlations in the solar transition region
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun : atmosphere; Sun : UV radiation
ID ULTRAVIOLET EMISSION-LINES; QUIET-SUN; ACTIVE-REGION; SUMER
   OBSERVATIONS; ARCSECOND SCALES; FINE-STRUCTURES; CORONA; SOHO;
   CHROMOSPHERE; ATMOSPHERE
AB I investigate dynamical correlations between the lower transition region and the upper transition region using spectra from the Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation (SUMER) spectrometer on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) spacecraft. The measured quantity is the Doppler shift ( mostly solar radial) along the line of sight. The purpose is to shed light on the fraction of the lower transition region that resides in cool structures not physically associated with higher temperature regions and the fraction that can be described by a classical transition region with a physical connection from the chromosphere into the corona. "Transition region'' in this context means the transition region sufficiently bright in ultraviolet spectral lines to be observed. I find strong Doppler shift correlations between two different lower region lines from C IV and S v, but much weaker correlations between these lines and a line of Ne VIII formed well into the upper transition region. I conclude that most of the lower transition region that is observable because of its brightness arises in cool loop structures. The results also favor a scenario in which the lower transition region is heated and cooled transiently on timescales less than or perhaps comparable to the SUMER exposure times of 21 s for the data analyzed in this work.
C1 USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Doschek, GA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Code 7670, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 38
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD SEP 20
PY 2006
VL 649
IS 1
BP 515
EP 528
DI 10.1086/506317
PN 1
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 086DY
UT WOS:000240655000043
ER

PT J
AU Das, A
   Trammell, SA
   Hecht, MH
AF Das, Aditi
   Trammell, Scott A.
   Hecht, Michael H.
TI Electrochemical and ligand binding studies of a de novo heme protein
SO BIOPHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE protein design; binary patterning; cyclic voltammetry; redox protein;
   heme protein
ID DESIGNED COMBINATORIAL LIBRARIES; POTENTIAL SWEEP VOLTAMMOGRAM; MODIFIED
   GOLD ELECTRODE; GENERAL EXPRESSION; PEROXIDASE; BIOSENSORS; SYSTEMS
AB Heme proteins can perform a variety of electrochemical functions. While natural heme proteins carry out particular functions selected by biological evolution, artificial heme proteins, in principle, can be tailored to suit specified technological applications. Here we describe initial characterization of the electrochemical properties of a de novo heme protein, S824C. Protein S824C is a four-helix bundle derived from a library of sequences that was designed by binary patterning of polar and nonpolar amino acids. Protein S824C was immobilized on a gold electrode and the formal potential of heme-protein complex was studied as a function of pH and ionic strength. The binding of exogenous N-donor ligands to heme/S824C was monitored by measuring shifts in the potential that occurred upon addition of various concentrations of imidazole or pyridine derivatives. The response of heme/S824C to these ligands was then compared to the response of isolated heme (without protein) to the same ligands. The observed shifts in potential depended on both the concentration and the structure of the added ligand. Small changes in structure of the ligand (e.g. pyridine versus 2-amino pyridine) produced significant shifts in the potential of the heme-protein. The observed shifts correlate to the differential binding of the N-donor molecules to the oxidized and reduced states of the heme. Further, it was observed that the electrochemical response of the buried heme in heme/S824C differed significantly from that of isolated heme. These studies demonstrate that the structure of the de novo protein modulates the binding of N-donor ligands to heme. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Hecht, MH (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM hecht@princeton.edu
NR 30
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0301-4622
J9 BIOPHYS CHEM
JI Biophys. Chem.
PD SEP 20
PY 2006
VL 123
IS 2-3
BP 102
EP 112
DI 10.1016/j.bpc.2006.04.011
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry, Physical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry
GA 082OB
UT WOS:000240395100003
PM 16730114
ER

PT J
AU Lebedev, N
   Trammell, SA
   Spano, A
   Lukashev, E
   Griva, I
   Schnur, J
AF Lebedev, Nikolai
   Trammell, Scott A.
   Spano, Anthony
   Lukashev, Evgeny
   Griva, Igor
   Schnur, Joel
TI Conductive wiring of immobilized photosynthetic reaction center to
   electrode by cytochrome c
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID RAY-STRUCTURE DETERMINATION; RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES; TRANSFER COMPLEX;
   C(2); PROTEINS; ENZYMES; REDOX; STATE; GOLD
C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Univ Virginia, Dept Biol, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
   George Mason Univ, Dept Math Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
   George Mason Univ, Dept Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RP Lebedev, N (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM nlebedev@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil
NR 27
TC 77
Z9 78
U1 1
U2 27
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 20
PY 2006
VL 128
IS 37
BP 12044
EP 12045
DI 10.1021/ja063367y
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 083NU
UT WOS:000240465200006
PM 16967935
ER

PT J
AU Ngai, KL
   Gopalakrishnan, TR
   Beiner, M
AF Ngai, K. L.
   Gopalakrishnan, T. R.
   Beiner, M.
TI Relaxation in poly(alkyl methacrylate)s: Change of intermolecular
   coupling with molecular structure, tacticity, molecular weight,
   copolymerization, crosslinking, and nanoconfinement
SO POLYMER
LA English
DT Article
DE poly(n-alkyl methacrylate); glass transition; Johari-Goldstein
   relaxation
ID DYNAMIC GLASS-TRANSITION; BETA SPLITTING REGION; SIDE-CHAIN POLYMERS;
   POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE); POLY(CYCLOHEXYL METHACRYLATE); SECONDARY
   RELAXATIONS; ALPHA-RELAXATION; POLY(ETHYL METHACRYLATE); RADICAL
   POLYMERIZATION; SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS
AB The voluminous amount of data in the literature on the structural alpha- and the Johari-Goldstein beta-relaxations of the poly(n-alkyl methacrylate)s allows a systematic study of the interrelation between the two important relaxation processes. The data bring out the systematic changes in the interrelation between the structural a- and the Johari-Goldstein beta-relaxations with changes in molecular structure, molecular weight, tacticity and size (by nanoconfinement), and modifications by copolymerization, and crosslinking. The results can all be interpreted as primarily due to changes in intermolecular coupling, which have significant effects on the many-molecule dynamics constituting the structural a-relaxation, but not on the precursory Johari-Goldstein beta-relaxation. Theoretically, the Coupling Model predicts a relation of intermolecular coupling (or degree of cooperativity of the alpha-relaxation) to the ratio of the alpha- and the beta-relaxation times, and a correlation of intermolecular coupling to the steepness or "fragility" index. The predicted relation and correlation are compared with experimental data of the poly(alkyl methacrylate)s. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Univ Halle Wittenberg, Fachbereich Phys, D-06099 Halle, Germany.
RP Ngai, KL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM ngai@estd.nrl.navy.mil
RI Beiner, Mario/A-2311-2012
OI Beiner, Mario/0000-0003-0459-323X
NR 52
TC 35
Z9 35
U1 5
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0032-3861
J9 POLYMER
JI Polymer
PD SEP 20
PY 2006
VL 47
IS 20
BP 7222
EP 7230
DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2006.06.072
PG 9
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 097BM
UT WOS:000241421300039
ER

PT J
AU Iovine, PM
   Fletcher, MN
   Lin, S
AF Iovine, Peter M.
   Fletcher, Matthew N.
   Lin, Shirley
TI Condensation of arylboroxine structures on Lewis basic copolymers as a
   noncovalent strategy toward polymer functionalization
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID AMINE ADDUCTS; SIDE-CHAIN; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; THERMAL-PROPERTIES;
   COMPLEXES; NETWORKS; PERSPECTIVES; CRYSTALLINE; BEHAVIOR; ACIDS
C1 USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
   Univ San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, San Diego, CA 92110 USA.
RP Iovine, PM (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, 572 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM piovine@sandiego.edu
NR 35
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
EI 1520-5835
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD SEP 19
PY 2006
VL 39
IS 19
BP 6324
EP 6326
DI 10.1021/ma0613741
PG 3
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 083DX
UT WOS:000240437200004
ER

PT J
AU Charles, PT
   Velez, F
   Soto, CM
   Goldman, ER
   Martin, BD
   Ray, RI
   Taitt, CR
AF Charles, Paul T.
   Velez, Freddie
   Soto, Carissa M.
   Goldman, Ellen R.
   Martin, Brett D.
   Ray, Richard I.
   Taitt, Chris R.
TI A galactose polyacrylate-based hydrogel scaffold for the detection of
   cholera toxin and staphylococcal enterotoxin B in a sandwich immunoassay
   format
SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Immobilization and Applications of Functional Proteins,
   Nucleic Acids and Cells at Solid Interfaces
CY 2005
CL Honolulu, HI
DE hydrogel; toxin; fluorescence; antibody; protein; array
ID ARRAY BIOSENSOR; PROTEIN MICROCHIPS; MICROARRAYS; DNA; IMMOBILIZATION;
   FABRICATION; GEL
AB A galactoside-based polyacrylate hydrogel was used as a scaffold to immobilize antibodies for the development of a sandwich immunoassay to detect cholera toxin (CT) and staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). The hydrogel possesses large pores and simulates a solution-like environment allowing easy penetration of large biomolecules. Highly crosslinked hydrogels containing pendant amine or carboxyl functionalities were polymerized through a free-radical polymerization process. Covalent crosslinking of the antibodies on hydrogel films was accomplished using a homobifunctional crosslinker or carbodiimide chemistry. Utilizing the two different crosslinking methodologies, our results demonstrated the effectiveness of repetitive additions of crosslinker reactant into a single location on the gel surface. This approach in fact increased the amount of immobilized antibody. Patterned arrays of the immobilized antibodies for sandwich immunoassay development were achieved using a PDMS template containing micro-channels. This template provided a suitable means for applying reagents in multiple cycles. Fluorescence and three-dimensional (3D) imaging by confocal microscopy and laser scanning confocal microscopy of Cy3-labeled anti-CT and/or Cy3-anti-SEB tracer molecules provided qualitative and quantitative measurements on the efficiency of protein immobilization, detection sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratios. As a result of using the galactose polyacrylate-base hydrogel as a platform for immunoassay development, we have successfully been able to achieve low limits of detection for SEB and cholera toxins (1.0 ng mL(-1)). Repetitive additions (> 3 cycles) of the crosslinker and antibody have also shown a dramatic increase in the immobilization of antibody resulting in improved immunoassay sensitivity. Fluorescence signal-to-noise ratios using the hydrogel-based immunoassays have been observed as high a 40:1. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Ocean Sci Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Charles, PT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM ptc@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil
NR 32
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0003-2670
J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA
JI Anal. Chim. Acta
PD SEP 18
PY 2006
VL 578
IS 1
BP 2
EP 10
DI 10.1016/j.aca.2006.04.083
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 089LK
UT WOS:000240881900002
PM 17723688
ER

PT J
AU Vurgaftman, I
   Aifer, EH
   Canedy, CL
   Tischler, JG
   Meyer, JR
   Warner, JH
   Jackson, EM
   Hildebrandt, G
   Sullivan, GJ
AF Vurgaftman, I.
   Aifer, E. H.
   Canedy, C. L.
   Tischler, J. G.
   Meyer, J. R.
   Warner, J. H.
   Jackson, E. M.
   Hildebrandt, G.
   Sullivan, G. J.
TI Graded band gap for dark-current suppression in long-wave infrared
   W-structured type-II superlattice photodiodes
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID LASERS
AB A new W-structured type-II superlattice photodiode design, with graded band gap in the depletion region, is shown to strongly suppress dark currents due to tunneling and generation-recombination processes. The long-wave infrared (LWIR) devices display 19%-29% quantum efficiency and substantially reduced dark currents. The median dynamic impedance-area product of 216 Omega cm(2) for 33 devices with 10.5 mu m cutoff at 78 K is comparable to that for state-of-the-art HgCdTe-based photodiodes. The sidewall resistivity of approximate to 70 k Omega cm for untreated mesas is also considerably higher than previous reports for passivated or unpassivated type-II LWIR photodiodes, apparently indicating self-passivation by the graded band gap. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   SFA Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA.
   Rockwell Sci Co, Camarillo, CA 93012 USA.
RP Vurgaftman, I (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM vurgaftman@nrl.navy.mil
NR 12
TC 111
Z9 111
U1 0
U2 17
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD SEP 18
PY 2006
VL 89
IS 12
AR 121114
DI 10.1063/1.2356697
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 086NM
UT WOS:000240680300014
ER

PT J
AU Karle, IL
   Venkateshwarlu, P
   Ranganathan, S
AF Karle, Isabella L.
   Venkateshwarlu, P.
   Ranganathan, S.
TI A robust hybrid peptide crystal formed with weak hydrogen bonds
SO BIOPOLYMERS
LA English
DT Article
DE crystal structure; disulfide bonds; lack of strong hydrogen bonds; weak
   hydrogen bonds in enhancing ensembles
ID CENTER-DOT-PI; DISTANCES; ANGLES
AB In the course of our work relating to the design of a bihelical structure (I) from diphenic anhydride by tethering with cystine di-OMe, stable, hard, and rigid crystals, mp 215-218 degrees C were isolated in low yields (similar to 2%). The crystal structure established that it was a bis amide (II) arising from diphenic acid and cystine di-OMe [(II), C22H22N2O6S2 (a = 9.897 (1) A degrees, b = 12.210 (1) A degrees, c = 18.192 (1) A degrees, sp. gr. P2(1)2(1)2(1))]. An authentic sample of (II) was subsequently prepared in 47% yields by condensation of diphenic acid dichloride with cystine di-OMe. A most surprising feature of II was, despite its high density, rigidity, and hardness, it did not exhibit any normal hydrogen bonds. The nearest approximation to a "usual" hydrogen bond was the single (NHOC)-O-... linkage that occurred between molecules along a twofold screw axis. In this linkage, (NO)-O-... = 3.265 A degrees and (HO)-O-... = 2.43 A degrees, values that are at least 10% longer than those usually observed in peptides. The rigidity of the crystals appears to depend upon many weak hydrogen bonds of the type (CHO)-O-..., CH...pi, (CHS)-S-..., and (NHS)-S-... working in concert. Even these attractions have separations that are at the high end of the range of previously observed values, although some of the weak hydrogen bonds have been rarely reported and have poorly defined ranges. The attractive effect of each of these weak bonds may be enhanced by the occurrence of a number of them in a parallel fashion like rungs in a ladder. (c) 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Indian Inst Chem Technol, Discovery Lab Organ 3, Hyderabad 500007, Andhra Pradesh, India.
RP Karle, IL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM isabella.karle@nrl.navy.mil
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 30902]
NR 14
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 3
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0006-3525
J9 BIOPOLYMERS
JI Biopolymers
PD SEP 18
PY 2006
VL 84
IS 5
BP 502
EP 507
DI 10.1002/bip.20535
PG 6
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA 084LQ
UT WOS:000240534800006
PM 16680719
ER

PT J
AU Bastian, PJ
   Gonzalgo, ML
   Aronson, WJ
   Terris, MK
   Kane, CJ
   Amling, CL
   Presti, JC
   Mangold, LA
   Humphreys, E
   Epstein, JI
   Partin, AW
   Freedland, SJ
AF Bastian, Patrick J.
   Gonzalgo, Mark L.
   Aronson, William J.
   Terris, Martha K.
   Kane, Christopher J.
   Amling, Christopher L.
   Presti, Joseph C., Jr.
   Mangold, Leslie A.
   Humphreys, Elizabeth
   Epstein, Jonathan I.
   Partin, Alan W.
   Freedland, Stephen J.
TI Clinical and pathologic outcome after radical prostatectomy for prostate
   cancer patients with a preoperative Gleason sum of 8 to 10
SO CANCER
LA English
DT Article
DE Gleason score 8 to 10; high risk; prostate cancer; recurrence; radical
   prostatectomy
ID RETROPUBIC PROSTATECTOMY; RADIATION-THERAPY; SEARCH DATABASE; RISK;
   RECURRENCE; DISEASE; ANTIGEN; PROGRESSION; MORTALITY; MEN
AB BACKGROUND. Men with a biopsy Gleason sum of 8 to 10 are considered high-risk. The current study sought to identify whether there was a subset of men with high biopsy Gleason sums who would have a good pathologic and biochemical outcome with surgical monotherapy. To increase the generalizability of the findings, data were used from patients treated at 2 very different practice settings: a tertiary care referral center (Johns Hopkins Hospital) and multiple equal-access medical centers (Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital [SEARCH] Database).
   METHODS. The data were retrospectively reviewed from men with biopsy Gleason sums 8 to 10 treated by radical prostatectomy at the Johns Hopkins Hospital (n = 220, 3.8% of total cohort) and within the SEARCH Database (n = 149, 7.7% of total cohort). The preoperative clinical characteristics predicting unfavorable pathologic disease (nonorgan-confined and/or positive surgical margins) and time to biochemical recurrence were determined using logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards analysis, respectively.
   RESULTS. Favorable pathologic outcome (organ-confined and negative surgical margins) was observed in 21% of the men in the Johns Hopkins cohort and 41% from the SEARCH cohort. On multivariate analysis, higher serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was the only variable that significantly predicted an unfavorable pathologic outcome from both the Johns Hopkins (P = .047) and SEARCH cohorts (P = .002). The 5-year and 10-year estimated biochemical-free survival rates in the Johns Hopkins cohort were 40% (95% confidence interval [CI], 33-48%) and 27% (95% CI, 18-36%), respectively, and 32% (95% CI, 22-42%) and 28% (95% CI, 18-38%) in the SEARCH cohort, respectively. Among men with favorable pathologic findings, the 5- and 10-year estimated biochemical-free survival rates in the Johns Hopkins cohort were 79% (95% CI, 62-89%) and 50% (95% CI, 25-71%), respectively, and 49% (95% CI, 32-65%) and 49% (95% CI, 32-65%) in the SEARCH cohort, respectively. No single preoperative variable significantly predicted the risk of biochemical progression in both the SEARCH or Johns Hopkins cohorts.
   CONCLUSIONS. The majority of men with a biopsy Gleason sum of >= 8, regardless of where the patient is treated, had unfavorable pathologic disease and experienced a biochemical progression after radical prostatectomy. Even among men with organ-confined disease and negative surgical margins or pathologic Gleason sum < 8, at least half of the men experienced a PSA recurrence. Patients with biopsy Gleason sum 8 to 10 cancers are good candidates for multimodal therapy. Whereas multimodal therapy has often meant radiation plus hormonal therapy, newer possibilities for multimodal therapy exist such as surgery with neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemohormonal therapy or surgery with adjuvant radiation.
C1 Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Urol Surg, Duke Prostate Ctr,Sch Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
   Duke Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Duke Prostate Ctr, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
   Duke Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Duke Prostate Ctr, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
   Vet Adm Med Ctr, Urol Sect, Dept Surg, Durham, NC USA.
   Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, James Buchanan Brady Urol Inst, Baltimore, MD USA.
   Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Urol Sect, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA.
   Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Los Angeles, CA USA.
   Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Augusta, GA 30904 USA.
   Med Coll Georgia, Urol Sect, Augusta, GA 30912 USA.
   Vet Adm Med Ctr, Urol Sect, Dept Surg, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA.
   Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
   Univ Alabama, Dept Urol, Birmingham, AL USA.
   Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.
   Naval Hosp, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA USA.
   Vet Adm Med Ctr, Urol Sect, Dept Surg, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.
   Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
RP Freedland, SJ (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Urol Surg, Duke Prostate Ctr,Sch Med, Box 3850, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
EM steve.freedland@duke.edu
OI Terris, Martha/0000-0002-3843-7270
FU NCI NIH HHS [P50CA58236, P50CA92131-01A1, R01CA100938]
NR 32
TC 69
Z9 71
U1 0
U2 2
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0008-543X
J9 CANCER
JI Cancer
PD SEP 15
PY 2006
VL 107
IS 6
BP 1265
EP 1272
DI 10.1002/cncr.22116
PG 8
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA 084MR
UT WOS:000240537700009
PM 16900523
ER

PT J
AU Vurgaftman, I
   Meyer, JR
   Wu, DH
   Bussmann, K
   Jonker, BT
AF Vurgaftman, I.
   Meyer, J. R.
   Wu, D. H.
   Bussmann, K.
   Jonker, B. T.
TI Spectral simulation of GaAs and InAs quantum-dot terahertz detectors
   designed for higher-temperature operation
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-PHOTON DETECTOR; ELECTRON; HETEROSTRUCTURES; SEMICONDUCTORS;
   TRANSPORT; DEVICES; GROWTH; ALGAAS; RANGE; MODEL
AB The spectral properties and other performance characteristics of single-photon quantum-dot terahertz detectors incorporating single-electron transistors are analyzed for the cases of GaAs and InAs electron channels. By defining the electrostatically confined double-quantum-dot structures in shallow two-dimensional electron gas structures, these devices have the potential to operate at temperatures above the dilution refrigerator range. We calculate the interlevel plasmon absorption by using the random-phase approximation in conjunction with realistic band structures and three-dimensional confinement geometries. While the level separations increase with decreasing dot diameter, carrier depletion eventually limits the minimum size that is viable. The maximum detection frequency is about 1 THz for GaAs channels, but increases to 1.5-2 THz for InAs channels having a lower effective mass. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Vurgaftman, I (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM vurgaftman@nrl.navy.mil
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD SEP 15
PY 2006
VL 100
IS 6
AR 064509
DI 10.1063/1.2349556
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 089JL
UT WOS:000240876600122
ER

PT J
AU Coker, C
   Bennert, E
   Dymond, KF
AF Coker, Clayton
   Bennert, Ellen
   Dymond, K. F.
TI Validation of nighttime UV measurements of the F region ionosphere made
   by the low resolution airglow and aurora spectrograph (LORAAS)
   instrument
SO RADIO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID DENSITY
AB We present electron density profiles derived by inversion of ultraviolet limb radiances observed during November 2000 through April 2001 by the low resolution airglow and aurora spectrograph (LORAAS) instrument on the Advanced Research and Global Observing Satellite (ARGOS). The O(+) density profile, which is approximately equal to the electron density profile in the F region ionosphere, was determined by inverting the limb radiance profile of O I 1356 A emission of atomic oxygen; the 1356 angstrom emission is produced purely by radiative recombination of O(+) ions and electrons at night and has been shown to be a viable means of globally sensing the ionospheric state. Dymond et al. (2001b) showed a preliminary validation of this technique covering a single day of observations. We have performed a more extended validation of the retrieved peak electron density and peak height determined by inversion of nighttime observations of the 1356 angstrom altitude profiles with coincident ionosonde measurements and climatology.
C1 Praxis Inc, USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Coker, C (reprint author), Praxis Inc, USN, Res Lab, Code 7607,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM clayton.coker@nrl.navy.mil
OI Dymond, Kenneth/0000-0001-8060-9016
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0048-6604
J9 RADIO SCI
JI Radio Sci.
PD SEP 15
PY 2006
VL 41
IS 6
AR RS6S18
DI 10.1029/2005RS003362
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
GA 086BT
UT WOS:000240648800001
ER

PT J
AU Raviprakash, K
   Apt, D
   Brinkman, A
   Skinner, C
   Yang, SM
   Dawes, G
   Ewing, D
   Wu, SJ
   Bass, S
   Punnonen, J
   Porter, K
AF Raviprakash, Kanakatte
   Apt, Doris
   Brinkman, Alice
   Skinner, Craig
   Yang, Shumin
   Dawes, Glenn
   Ewing, Dan
   Wu, Shuenn-Jue
   Bass, Steve
   Punnonen, Juha
   Porter, Kevin
TI A chimeric tetravalent dengue DNA vaccine elicits neutralizing antibody
   to all four virus serotypeg in rhesus macaques
SO VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE dengue vaccines; chimeric vaccines; DNA vaccines
ID ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; JAPANESE
   ENCEPHALITIS; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; AOTUS MONKEYS; GM-CSF; CHALLENGE;
   IMMUNIZATION; FEVER
AB DNA shuffling and screening technologies were used to produce chimeric DNA constructs expressing antigens that shared epitopes from all four dengue serotypes. Three shuffled constructs (sA, sB and sC) were evaluated in the rhesus macaque model. Constructs sA and sC expressed pre-membrane and envelope genes, whereas construct sB expressed only the ectodomain of envelope protein. Five of six, and four of six animals vaccinated with sA and sC, respectively, developed antibodies that neutralized all 4 dengue serotypes in vitro. Four of six animals vaccinated with construct sB developed neutralizing antibodies against 3 serotypes (den-1, -2 and -3). When challenged with live dengue-1 or dengue-2 virus, partial protection against dengue-1 was observed. These results demonstrate the utility of DNA shuffling as an attractive tool to create tetravalent chimeric dengue DNA vaccine constructs, as well as a need to find ways to improve the immune responses elicited by DNA vaccines in general. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Viral Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
   Maxygen Inc, Redwood City, CA 94063 USA.
RP Raviprakash, K (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Viral Dis Dept, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM raviprakashk@nmrc.navy.mil
RI Porter, Kevin/A-8027-2011
NR 38
TC 47
Z9 50
U1 0
U2 3
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0042-6822
J9 VIROLOGY
JI Virology
PD SEP 15
PY 2006
VL 353
IS 1
BP 166
EP 173
DI 10.1016/j.virol.2006.05.005
PG 8
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 084DL
UT WOS:000240512100016
PM 16814355
ER

PT J
AU Kim, M
   Larrabee, DC
   Nolde, JA
   Kim, CS
   Canedy, CL
   Bewley, WW
   Vurgaftman, I
   Meyer, JR
AF Kim, M.
   Larrabee, D. C.
   Nolde, J. A.
   Kim, C. S.
   Canedy, C. L.
   Bewley, W. W.
   Vurgaftman, I.
   Meyer, J. R.
TI Narrow-ridge interband cascade laser emitting high CW power
SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID W-DIODE-LASERS; QUANTUM-WELL LASERS; TEMPERATURE; GROWTH
AB A five-stage interband cascade laser with ridge width 22 mu m and Au electro-plating for improved epitaxial-side-up heatsinking emits > 260 mW per facet for CW operation at 80 K (lambda = 3.4 mu m) and 100 mW at 200 K (lambda = 3.6 mu m). The maximum CW operating temperature is 250 K, and the beam quality for a sister device without An electro-plating is 1.5-3.8 times the diffraction limit.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Kim, M (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM vurgaftman@nrl.navy.mil
NR 13
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 4
PU INSTITUTION ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET
PI HERTFORD
PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND
SN 0013-5194
J9 ELECTRON LETT
JI Electron. Lett.
PD SEP 14
PY 2006
VL 42
IS 19
BP 1097
EP 1098
DI 10.1049/el:20062507
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 099QM
UT WOS:000241610400019
ER

PT J
AU Hwang, PA
   Toporkov, JV
   Sletten, MA
   Lamb, D
   Perkovic, D
AF Hwang, Paul A.
   Toporkov, Jakov V.
   Sletten, Mark A.
   Lamb, Douglas
   Perkovic, Dragana
TI An experimental investigation of wave measurements using a dual-beam
   interferometer: Gulf Stream as a surface wave guide
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR; NONLINEAR INTEGRAL TRANSFORM; HILBERT
   SPECTRUM; INTERNAL WAVES; IMAGE SPECTRUM; OCEAN WAVES; CURRENTS;
   MODULATION; WIND; VIEW
AB [ 1] A dual-beam interferometric synthetic aperture radar measures remotely two radial components of the ocean surface current from a single flight pass. Combining two passes over the same area, all three orthogonal components of the surface velocity can be retrieved. An experiment is conducted near the Gulf Stream (GS) boundary. A sharp change of the surface velocity of about 1 m/s over a 500 m lateral distance is measured. The wind and wave condition is dominated by a 14-s swell system and low wind velocity. The wave variance inside GS is about twice the wave variance outside the GS in the present data set. The difference in the wave variance is considerably higher than that can be expected from wave-current interaction. An ocean current system with strong shears such as the GS is a wave guide and can trap waves with the right combinations of wavelengths and propagation directions. Numerical calculations suggest that the wave properties of the data set may satisfy the conditions of wave trapping by the GS. The standing wave pattern on the GS side of the sharp velocity front, indicative of the long swell bouncing off the current front, also offers support for the wave guide hypothesis. In this respect, the Gulf Stream can be considered the nature's hydraulic breakwater that can attenuate about 50% of the incident wave energy generated by storms. Its role in protecting the U. S. coastlines in the Atlantic Ocean cannot be overstated.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Univ Massachusetts, Microwave Remote Sensing Lab, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
RP Hwang, PA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM phwang@ccs.nrl.navy.mil
RI CHEN, Jiangang/A-1549-2011
NR 34
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD SEP 13
PY 2006
VL 111
IS C9
AR C09014
DI 10.1029/2006JC003482
PG 15
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 086AF
UT WOS:000240644800002
ER

PT J
AU Sekiyama, TT
   Shibata, K
   Deushi, M
   Kodera, K
AF Sekiyama, Tsuyoshi T.
   Shibata, Kiyotaka
   Deushi, Makoto
   Kodera, Kunihiko
TI Stratospheric ozone variation induced by the 11-year solar cycle: Recent
   22-year simulation using 3-D chemical transport model with reanalysis
   data
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; SIGNAL
AB The atmospheric effect relating with 11-year solar cycle is investigated with a focus on stratospheric ozone variation and its correlation with temperature variation. A three-dimensional chemical transport model forced by a general circulation model has been integrated, where the dynamical field is assimilated into reanalysis data every time-step, for two different experiments. The photolysis rates of one experiment are calculated through an observational time series of the solar ultraviolet irradiance, and for the other experiment the averaged irradiance is used. Multiple regression analyses of the model results for 22 years, from 1978 to 2000, have revealed that solar signals of ozone are related to meteorological ( temperature and transport) changes not only bellow the middle stratosphere but also in the upper stratosphere where photochemical influence is dominant. The photochemical effect almost disappears below 20 hPa, indicating that the meteorological changes solely produce the solar signals of ozone below the middle stratosphere.
C1 Japan Meteorol Agcy, Meteorol Res Inst, Atmospher Environm & Appl Meteorol Res Dept, Tsukuba 3050052, Japan.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Sekiyama, TT (reprint author), Japan Meteorol Agcy, Meteorol Res Inst, Atmospher Environm & Appl Meteorol Res Dept, 1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba 3050052, Japan.
EM tsekiyam@mri-jma.go.jp
OI Lean, Judith/0000-0002-0087-9639
NR 16
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD SEP 12
PY 2006
VL 33
IS 17
AR L17812
DI 10.1029/2006GL026711
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 085ZE
UT WOS:000240642100003
ER

PT J
AU Joshi, A
   Manasreh, MO
   Davis, EA
   Weaver, BD
AF Joshi, Abhishek
   Manasreh, M. O.
   Davis, E. A.
   Weaver, B. D.
TI Optical properties of colloidal InGaP/ZnS core/shell nanocrystals
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID WALL CARBON NANOTUBES; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; PULMONARY TOXICITY;
   NANOPARTICLES; CYTOTOXICITY; GAP
AB The energy band gap (E-g) of colloidal InGaP/ZnS core/shell nanocrystals is investigated by using the optical absorption and the photoluminescence techniques. While the photoluminescence spectra exhibit a strong emission, the optical absorption spectra show a very weak excitonic absorption. From E-g values estimated from the optical absorption spectra, the In composition is calculated to be on the order of 45%-48%. The estimated In mole fraction suggests that InGaP is still a direct band gap semiconductor. The energy band gap is recorded as a function of temperature from which the Debye temperature and the average phonon energy were extracted. The energy band gap (E-g) of colloidal InGaP/ZnS core/shell nanocrystals is investigated by using the optical absorption and the photoluminescence techniques. While the photoluminescence spectra exhibit a strong emission, the optical absorption spectra show a very weak excitonic absorption. From Eg values estimated from the optical absorption spectra, the In composition is calculated to be on the order of 45%-48%. The estimated In mole fraction suggests that InGaP is still a direct band gap semiconductor. The energy band gap is recorded as a function of temperature from which the Debye temperature and the average phonon energy were extracted. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Univ Arkansas, Dept Elect Engn, Bell Engn Ctr 3217, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
   Norfolk State Univ, Dept Opt Engn, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Joshi, A (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Elect Engn, Bell Engn Ctr 3217, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
EM manasreh@uark.edu
NR 18
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD SEP 11
PY 2006
VL 89
IS 11
AR 111907
DI 10.1063/1.2354031
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 084PI
UT WOS:000240545400033
ER

PT J
AU Bichay, M
   Fronabarger, JW
   Gilardi, R
   Butcher, RJ
   Sanborn, WB
   Sitzmann, ME
   Williams, MD
AF Bichay, Magdy
   Fronabarger, John W.
   Gilardi, Richard
   Butcher, Ray J.
   Sanborn, William B.
   Sitzmann, Michael E.
   Williams, Michael D.
TI Selective nitrosation of guanazine: preparation of azidoaminotriazole
   and nitrosoguanazine anion-Cu(II) complexes
SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE nitrosoguanazine; azidoaminotriazole; nitrosoguanazine anion-Cu(II)
   complexes
ID COPPER(II) COMPLEXES; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; TRINUCLEAR; CORE
AB Guanazine (3,4,5-triamino-1,2,4-triazole) is selectively nitrosated on C-NH2 to produce nitrosoguanazine (3-nitrosamino-4,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazole). The nitrosoguanazine is used to prepare 5-azido-3-amino-1,2,4-triazole and nitrosoguanazine anion-Cu(II) complexes. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
   Pacific Sci Energet Mat Co, Chandler, AZ 85226 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Howard Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
RP Sitzmann, ME (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
EM rgilardi@epix.net; michael.sitzmann@navy.mil
NR 9
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0040-4039
J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT
JI Tetrahedron Lett.
PD SEP 11
PY 2006
VL 47
IS 37
BP 6663
EP 6666
DI 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.06.177
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA 079NB
UT WOS:000240182400039
ER

PT J
AU Nozik, AJ
   Ellingson, RJ
   Beard, MC
   Johnson, JC
   Murphy, JE
   Efros, A
   Shabaev, A
AF Nozik, Arthur J.
   Ellingson, Randy J.
   Beard, Matthew C.
   Johnson, Justin C.
   Murphy, James E.
   Efros, Alexander
   Shabaev, Andrew
TI PMSE 31-Salt complexation in diblock copolymer thin films
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Nozik, Arthur J.; Ellingson, Randy J.; Beard, Matthew C.; Johnson, Justin C.; Murphy, James E.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Basic Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
   [Efros, Alexander; Shabaev, Andrew] USN, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 92-PMSE
BP 241
EP 241
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DC
UT WOS:000207781700234
ER

PT J
AU Taylor, SR
   Shiflet, GJ
   Scully, JR
   Buchheit, RG
   Van Ooij, WJ
   Sieradzki, K
   Diaz, RE
   Brinker, CJ
   Moran, AL
AF Taylor, S. Ray
   Shiflet, Gary J.
   Scully, John R.
   Buchheit, Rudy G.
   Van Ooij, Wim J.
   Sieradzki, Karl
   Diaz, Rudy E.
   Brinker, C. Jeffrey
   Moran, Angela L.
TI PMSE 282-Vapor transport studies of highly sulfonated triblock (A-B-A)
   copolymers
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Taylor, S. Ray] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Biomed Mat Sci, Jackson, MS 39216 USA.
   [Shiflet, Gary J.; Scully, John R.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA.
   [Buchheit, Rudy G.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
   [Van Ooij, Wim J.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA.
   [Sieradzki, Karl; Diaz, Rudy E.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ USA.
   [Brinker, C. Jeffrey] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
   [Moran, Angela L.] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 107-PMSE
BP 539
EP 539
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DC
UT WOS:000207781700530
ER

PT J
AU Armistead, JP
AF Armistead, J. Paul
TI POLY 240-Role of defense funding agencies in promoting entrepreneurship
   and technology development
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Armistead, J. Paul] Off Naval Res, Phys Sci Div 331, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 240-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DC
UT WOS:000207781701485
ER

PT J
AU Carney, JR
   Wilkinson, J
AF Carney, Joel R.
   Wilkinson, John
TI PHYS 633-Time-resolved emission spectroscopy of aluminized explosives
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Carney, Joel R.] USN, Res & Technol Dept, Surface Warfare Ctr Indian Head, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
   [Wilkinson, John] USN, Res & Technol Dept, Indian Head Div, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 633-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781609539
ER

PT J
AU Clapp, AR
   Pons, T
   Medintz, IL
   Melinger, JS
   Mattoussi, H
AF Clapp, Aaron R.
   Pons, Thomas
   Medintz, Igor L.
   Melinger, Joseph S.
   Mattoussi, Hedi
TI POLY 644-Two-photon excitation of quantum dots in non-radiative energy
   transfer
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Clapp, Aaron R.; Pons, Thomas; Mattoussi, Hedi] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   [Medintz, Igor L.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   [Melinger, Joseph S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 644-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DC
UT WOS:000207781701575
ER

PT J
AU Dominguez, DD
   Laskoski, M
   Keller, TM
AF Dominguez, Dawn D.
   Laskoski, Matthew
   Keller, Teddy M.
TI INOR 678-Thermal stability and dynamic mechanical properties of carbon
   nanotube/oligomeric cyanate ester composites
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Dominguez, Dawn D.; Laskoski, Matthew; Keller, Teddy M.] USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Adv Mat Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 678-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781606055
ER

PT J
AU Fischer, AE
   Long, JW
   Lytle, JC
   Rolison, DR
AF Fischer, Anne E.
   Long, Jeffrey W.
   Lytle, Justin C.
   Rolison, Debra R.
TI INOR 474-Hybrid manganese oxide-carbon nanoarchitectures for
   electrochemical capacitor applications
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Fischer, Anne E.; Long, Jeffrey W.; Lytle, Justin C.; Rolison, Debra R.] USN, Surface Chem Branch, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 474-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781606475
ER

PT J
AU Fischer, AE
   Long, JW
   McEvoy, TM
   Rolison, DR
AF Fischer, Anne E.
   Long, Jeffrey W.
   McEvoy, Todd M.
   Rolison, Debra R.
TI ANYL 183-Designing hybrid polymer-carbon nanoarchitectures for
   electrochemical capacitor applications
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Fischer, Anne E.; Long, Jeffrey W.; McEvoy, Todd M.; Rolison, Debra R.] USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 183-ANYL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781601010
ER

PT J
AU Foos, EE
   Snow, AW
   Twigg, M
AF Foos, Edward E.
   Snow, Arthur W.
   Twigg, Mark
TI INOR 885-Single-phase synthesis of thiol encapsulated Au nanoclusters
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Foos, Edward E.; Snow, Arthur W.; Twigg, Mark] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 885-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781606562
ER

PT J
AU Foos, EE
   Wilkinson, J
   Long, JP
AF Foos, Edward E.
   Wilkinson, John
   Long, James P.
TI INOR 754-Thermogravimetric analysis of CdSe nanoclusters prepared using
   primary, secondary, and tertiary amines
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Foos, Edward E.; Long, James P.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 754-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781606565
ER

PT J
AU Fuchida, H
   Rieck, DC
   Van Wie, BJ
   Kidwell, DA
   Davis, WC
AF Fuchida, Hajime
   Rieck, Daniel C.
   Van Wie, Bernard J.
   Kidwell, David A.
   Davis, William C.
TI BIOT 241-Enhancing the longevity of ion selective electrode arrays in
   bioreactors
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Fuchida, Hajime; Rieck, Daniel C.; Van Wie, Bernard J.] Washington State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pullman, WA 99163 USA.
   [Kidwell, David A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA.
   [Davis, William C.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99163 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 241-BIOT
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781601635
ER

PT J
AU Furukawa, Y
   O'Reilly, SE
AF Furukawa, Yoko
   O'Reilly, S. Erin
TI GEOC 129-Rapid precipitation of amorphous silica in experimental systems
   with nontronite (NAu-1) and Shewanella oneidensis MR-1
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Furukawa, Yoko; O'Reilly, S. Erin] USN, Marine Geosci Div, Seafloor Sci Branch, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RI Furukawa, Yoko/B-3099-2013
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 129-GEOC
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781605379
ER

PT J
AU Haarsma, SJ
   Van Wie, BJ
   Cheng, J
   Moffett, DF
   Kidwell, DA
AF Haarsma, Sarah J.
   Van Wie, Bernard J.
   Cheng, Jin
   Moffett, David F.
   Kidwell, David A.
TI BIOT 359-Biosensors using molecular immunoaffinity constructs for
   detection of noncharged organic species and proteins
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Haarsma, Sarah J.; Van Wie, Bernard J.] Washington State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
   [Cheng, Jin] Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
   [Moffett, David F.] Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
   [Kidwell, David A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 359-BIOT
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781601703
ER

PT J
AU Heinzel, J
   Nickens, A
   Hoffman, D
   Cervi, M
AF Heinzel, John
   Nickens, Anthony
   Hoffman, Don
   Cervi, Marc
TI PETR 130-Advances in logistic fuels desulfurization
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Heinzel, John; Nickens, Anthony; Hoffman, Don; Cervi, Marc] USN, Res Off, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 130-PETR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781605659
ER

PT J
AU Henderson, WA
   Young, VG
   DeLong, H
   Trulove, P
AF Henderson, Wesley A.
   Young, Victor G., Jr.
   DeLong, Hugh
   Trulove, Paul
TI PHYS 103-An exploration of why ionic liquids are liquid
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Henderson, Wesley A.; Trulove, Paul] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
   [Young, Victor G., Jr.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem, Xray Crystallog Lab, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
   [DeLong, Hugh] USAF, Off Sci Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 103-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781609005
ER

PT J
AU Heuer, WB
   Pearson, WH
AF Heuer, William B.
   Pearson, Wayne H.
TI INOR 705-A new bridging ligand for supramolecular assembly
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Heuer, William B.; Pearson, Wayne H.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 705-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781606505
ER

PT J
AU Heuer, WB
   Pearson, WH
   Zakaroff, MG
AF Heuer, William B.
   Pearson, Wayne H.
   Zakaroff, Michael G.
TI INOR 701-Complexes of 4,5-diazafluoren-9-ylidene derivatives
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Heuer, William B.; Pearson, Wayne H.; Zakaroff, Michael G.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 701-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781606500
ER

PT J
AU Iovine, PM
   Arnold, M
   Loera, J
   Perttu, EK
   Fletcher, M
   Lin, S
AF Iovine, Peter M.
   Arnold, Matthew
   Loera, Jason
   Perttu, Emily K.
   Fletcher, Matthew
   Lin, Shirley
TI INOR 467-Synthesis and characterization of arylboroxine-containing
   copolymers and boroxine core molecular assemblies
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Iovine, Peter M.; Arnold, Matthew; Loera, Jason; Perttu, Emily K.; Fletcher, Matthew] Univ San Diego, Dept Chem, San Diego, CA 92110 USA.
   [Lin, Shirley] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 467-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781606427
ER

PT J
AU Johnson-White, B
   Delehanty, JB
   Lin, BC
   Rimmer, CA
   Sander, LC
   Ligler, FS
AF Johnson-White, Brandy
   Delehanty, James B.
   Lin, Baochuan
   Rimmer, Catherine A.
   Sander, Lane C.
   Ligler, Frances S.
TI COLL 28-Proanthocyanidins from cranberry for the prevention of bacterial
   cell adhesion
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Johnson-White, Brandy; Delehanty, James B.; Lin, Baochuan; Ligler, Frances S.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   [Rimmer, Catherine A.; Sander, Lane C.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Johnson, Brandy/B-3462-2008; Lin, Baochuan/A-8390-2009
OI Johnson, Brandy/0000-0002-3637-0631; Lin, Baochuan/0000-0002-9484-0785
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 28-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781603728
ER

PT J
AU Kim, OK
   Pepitone, MF
   Melinger, JS
   Jernigan, GG
AF Kim, Oh-Kil
   Pepitone, Mike F.
   Melinger, Joseph S.
   Jernigan, Glenn G.
TI ORGN 279-Supramolecular device for 1D energy/electron transfer through a
   helical channel
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Kim, Oh-Kil; Pepitone, Mike F.] USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   [Kim, Oh-Kil; Pepitone, Mike F.; Melinger, Joseph S.; Jernigan, Glenn G.] USN, Inst Nanosci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   [Melinger, Joseph S.; Jernigan, Glenn G.] USN, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 279-ORGN
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781608106
ER

PT J
AU Kostelansky, CN
   Pietron, JJ
   Chen, MS
   Dressick, WJ
   Swider-Lyons, K
   Ramaker, DE
   Stroud, RM
   Klug, CA
   Zelakiewicz, BS
   Schull, TL
AF Kostelansky, Cynthia N.
   Pietron, Jeremy J.
   Chen, Mu-San
   Dressick, Walter J.
   Swider-Lyons, Karen
   Ramaker, David E.
   Stroud, Rhonda M.
   Klug, Christopher A.
   Zelakiewicz, Brian S.
   Schull, Terence L.
TI COLL 568-Phosphine-stabilized platinum nanoparticles as electrocatalysts
   for fuel cells
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Kostelansky, Cynthia N.; Chen, Mu-San; Dressick, Walter J.; Schull, Terence L.] USN, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   [Pietron, Jeremy J.; Swider-Lyons, Karen] USN, Surface Chem Branch, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   [Ramaker, David E.] George Washington Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
   [Stroud, Rhonda M.] USN, Mat & Sensors Branch, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   [Zelakiewicz, Brian S.] USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 568-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781603420
ER

PT J
AU Liu, B
   Van Wie, BJ
   Cheng, G
   Moffett, DF
   Kidwell, DA
AF Liu, Bingwen
   Van Wie, Bernard J.
   Cheng, Gary
   Moffett, David F.
   Kidwell, David A.
TI BIOT 389-Fabrication of nano apertures and their application in
   biomimetic sensing
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Liu, Bingwen; Van Wie, Bernard J.] Washington State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
   [Cheng, Gary] Washington State Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
   [Moffett, David F.] Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
   [Kidwell, David A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RI Liu, Bingwen/I-6226-2013
OI Liu, Bingwen/0000-0002-0092-6685
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 389-BIOT
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781601731
ER

PT J
AU Mattoussi, H
   Pons, T
   Medintz, IL
   Wang, X
   English, D
AF Mattoussi, Hedi
   Pons, Thomas
   Medintz, Igor L.
   Wang, Xiang
   English, Douglas
TI COLL 402-Solution-phase single molecule quantum dot fluorescence
   resonant energy transfer
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Mattoussi, Hedi; Pons, Thomas] USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   [Medintz, Igor L.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   [Wang, Xiang; English, Douglas] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 402-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781603575
ER

PT J
AU Monat, JE
   Wilkinson, J
AF Monat, Jeremy E.
   Wilkinson, John
TI PHYS 267-Elucidating and controlling reactions under extreme conditions
   using ultrafast excitation-probe spectroscopy
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Monat, Jeremy E.; Wilkinson, John] Indian Head Div, Res Technol Dept, Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 267-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781609184
ER

PT J
AU Nickens, A
AF Nickens, Anthony
TI PETR 104-Department of Defense fuel cell system programs
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Nickens, Anthony] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 104-PETR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781605642
ER

PT J
AU O'Reilly, SE
   Furukawa, Y
   Bruton, J
AF O'Reilly, S. Erin
   Furukawa, Yoko
   Bruton, Jody
TI DSTR 21-Long-term natural recovery of heavy metal contamination and
   biogeochemical regimes of Mississippi Sound sediments post-Katrina
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [O'Reilly, S. Erin; Furukawa, Yoko; Bruton, Jody] USN, Marine Geosci Div, Seafloor Sci Branch, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RI Furukawa, Yoko/B-3099-2013
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 21-DSTR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781602817
ER

PT J
AU Owrutsky, JC
   Dahl, K
   Sando, GM
AF Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.
   Dahl, Kevin
   Sando, Gerald M.
TI PHYS 238-Vibrational relaxation of anions in ionic liquids
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.; Dahl, Kevin; Sando, Gerald M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RI Owrutsky, Jeffrey/K-7649-2012
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 238-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781609626
ER

PT J
AU Pepitone, MF
   Jernigan, GG
   Melinger, JS
   Kim, OK
AF Pepitone, Michael F.
   Jernigan, Glenn G.
   Melinger, Joseph S.
   Kim, Oh-Kil
TI ORGN 755-Synthesis and characterization of donor-acceptor chromophores
   for efficient, unidirectional electron-transfer
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Pepitone, Michael F.; Kim, Oh-Kil] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   [Pepitone, Michael F.; Melinger, Joseph S.] USN, Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   [Melinger, Joseph S.; Kim, Oh-Kil] USN, Res Lab, Inst Nanosc, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 755-ORGN
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781608562
ER

PT J
AU Prokopuk, N
   Son, KA
   Waltz, C
AF Prokopuk, Nicholas
   Son, Kyung-ah
   Waltz, Chad
TI INOR 596-Nanocrossbar structures for probing electron tunneling through
   fluid solvents
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Prokopuk, Nicholas; Waltz, Chad] USN, Chem & Mat Div, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
   [Son, Kyung-ah] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Nano & Micro Syst Grp, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 596-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781606332
ER

PT J
AU Rieck, DC
   Van Wie, B
   Mullin, JM
   Kidwell, DA
AF Rieck, Daniel C.
   Van Wie, Bernie
   Mullin, James M.
   Kidwell, David A.
TI BIOT 248-Software calibration and data processing for ion selective
   electrode arrays used in applications with solutions of high ionic
   strength
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Rieck, Daniel C.] Washington State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pullman, WA 99163 USA.
   [Van Wie, Bernie] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
   [Mullin, James M.] Bend Res Inc, Bend, OR 97701 USA.
   [Kidwell, David A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 248-BIOT
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781601710
ER

PT J
AU Rolison, DR
   Laberty-Robert, C
   Long, JW
   Pettigrew, KA
   Stroud, RM
AF Rolison, Debra R.
   Laberty-Robert, Christel
   Long, Jeffrey W.
   Pettigrew, Katherine A.
   Stroud, Rhonda M.
TI INOR 572-Using oxide nanoarchitectures to wire ions over macroscopic
   distances
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Rolison, Debra R.; Laberty-Robert, Christel; Long, Jeffrey W.; Pettigrew, Katherine A.] USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   [Stroud, Rhonda M.] USN, Res Lab, Mat & Sensors Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RI Laberty, Christel/G-8847-2011
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 572-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781606025
ER

PT J
AU Rolison, DR
AF Rolison, Debra R.
TI PROF 4-Leading professional and institutional change through subversion,
   revolution, and meteorology
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Rolison, Debra R.] USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 4-PROF
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781603797
ER

PT J
AU Schweitzer, JA
   Bailey, JK
   Woolbright, S
   Fischer, DG
   LeRoy, CJ
   Lindroth, RL
   Rehill, BJ
   Wooley, SC
   Hart, SC
   Whitham, TG
AF Schweitzer, Jennifer A.
   Bailey, Joseph K.
   Woolbright, Scott
   Fischer, Dylan G.
   LeRoy, Carri J.
   Lindroth, Richard L.
   Rehill, Brian J.
   Wooley, Stuart C.
   Hart, Stephen C.
   Whitham, Thomas G.
TI CELL 87-Community and ecosystem effects of condensed tannin in Populus
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Schweitzer, Jennifer A.; Hart, Stephen C.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
   [Bailey, Joseph K.; Woolbright, Scott; Whitham, Thomas G.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
   [Fischer, Dylan G.; LeRoy, Carri J.] Evergreen State Coll, Olympia, WA 98505 USA.
   [Lindroth, Richard L.; Wooley, Stuart C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
   [Rehill, Brian J.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.
RI Woolbright, Scott/B-4354-2012
OI Woolbright, Scott/0000-0002-7886-1009
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 87-CELL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781602128
ER

PT J
AU Van Linn, ML
   Han, DM
   Kumpaty, HJ
   Forsterling, FH
   Deschamps, JR
   Cook, JM
AF Van Linn, Michael L.
   Han, Dongmei
   Kumpaty, Hephzibah J.
   Foersterling, F. Holger
   Deschamps, Jeffrey R.
   Cook, James M.
TI ORGN 832-Electronic effects on the cis to trans epimerization of
   Pictet-Spengler produced 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro--carbolines
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Van Linn, Michael L.; Han, Dongmei; Foersterling, F. Holger; Cook, James M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA.
   [Kumpaty, Hephzibah J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Whitewater, WI 53190 USA.
   [Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] USN, Res Lab, Lab Struct Matters, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 832-ORGN
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781608581
ER

PT J
AU Wilkinson, J
   Carney, JR
AF Wilkinson, John
   Carney, Joel R.
TI PHYS 634-Time-resolved absorption measurements of detonation and
   combustion products
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Wilkinson, John] USN, Res & Technol Dept, Indian Head Div, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
   [Carney, Joel R.] USN, Res & Technol Dept, Surface Warfare Ctr Indian Head, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 232
MA 634-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V15DB
UT WOS:000207781609535
ER

PT J
AU Pick, M
   Mason, GM
   Wang, YM
   Tan, C
   Wang, L
AF Pick, M.
   Mason, G. M.
   Wang, Y. -M.
   Tan, C.
   Wang, L.
TI Solar source regions for He-3-rich solar energetic particle events
   identified using imaging radio, optical, and energetic particle
   observations
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun : coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun : radio radiation; Sun :
   X-rays; gamma rays
ID IMPULSIVE ELECTRON EVENTS; ADVANCED COMPOSITION EXPLORER; CORONAL MASS
   EJECTIONS; III BURST SOURCES; X-RAY JETS; WIND SPACECRAFT; ORIGIN;
   ABUNDANCES; FLARES; SPECTRA
AB We have identified the sources of six impulsive 3He-rich solar energetic particle events using imaging radio, optical, and energetic ion and electron data, together with calculated coronal fields obtained from extrapolating photospheric magnetograms using a potential field source surface (PFSS) model. These events were all studied in 2006 by Wang et al., who identified the particle sources as typically small, flaring active regions lying next to a coronal hole containing Earth-directed open field lines, located between W33 degrees and W65 degrees. By introducing radio imaging data we were able in one case to conclusively identify which of two simultaneous EUV jets was associated with the particle source. In addition, type III radio burst and energetic electron data introduced in this study constrain the injection times much more accurately than possible with low-energy ion data used inWang et al. These new observations confirm the source identifications of Wang et al. and remove many of the remaining uncertainties. All of these events were associated with narrow, fast coronal mass ejections (CMEs), which are unusual for He-3- rich solar energetic particle (SEP) events. Although the CMEs generally were ejected in directions well off the ecliptic plane, the PFSS calculations show the presence of magnetic field lines that made it possible for the energetic particle to quickly reach Earth. Some of these impulsive events were observed during periods in which He-3 was observed continuously over several days.
C1 Observ Paris, CNRS, LESIA, UMR 8109, F-92195 Meudon, France.
   Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China.
   Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Pick, M (reprint author), Observ Paris, CNRS, LESIA, UMR 8109, 5 Pl Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France.
RI Wang, Linghua/C-4938-2014
OI Wang, Linghua/0000-0001-7309-4325
NR 46
TC 41
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 6
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD SEP 10
PY 2006
VL 648
IS 2
BP 1247
EP 1255
DI 10.1086/505926
PN 1
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 082QZ
UT WOS:000240403600045
ER

PT J
AU Plant, NG
   Holland, KT
   Holman, RA
AF Plant, Nathaniel G.
   Holland, K. Todd
   Holman, Rob A.
TI A dynamical attractor governs beach response to storms
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID NEARSHORE BAR BEHAVIOR; SEA-LEVEL RISE; SANDBAR MIGRATION; NATURAL
   BEACH; SURF ZONES; MODEL; VARIABILITY; MORPHOLOGY; QUANTIFICATION;
   GENERATION
AB Sandbars are ubiquitous, yet not well understood beach features that change their position and shape in response to changing wave conditions. We propose and test a simple empirical model consisting of two coupled linear differential equations that represents bar dynamics in terms of wave forcing and two other state variables: (1) the mean cross-shore bar position and (2) the alongshore variability about that mean. Model coefficients are constrained by fitting to a 2-month data set, and the modeled behavior is examined with a stability analysis. The system is found to be stable and, hence, predictable. Rates of change of the bar position and its alongshore variability are found to be significantly coupled, such that prediction of one variable requires information about the other. The system response time is slow compared to the storm wave cycle such that the bar response continually orbits time-varying equilibrium points in the state variable phase plane.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
   Oregon State Univ, Coastal Imaging Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Plant, NG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM nplant@nrlssc.navy.mil
RI Holland, K. Todd/A-7673-2011; 
OI Holland, K. Todd/0000-0002-4601-6097; Plant,
   Nathaniel/0000-0002-5703-5672
NR 25
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD SEP 9
PY 2006
VL 33
IS 17
AR L17607
DI 10.1029/2006GL027105
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 082WN
UT WOS:000240418000009
ER

PT J
AU Rodgers, EM
   Bailey, SM
   Warren, HP
   Woods, TN
   Eparvier, FG
AF Rodgers, E. M.
   Bailey, S. M.
   Warren, H. P.
   Woods, T. N.
   Eparvier, F. G.
TI Soft X-ray irradiances during solar flares observed by TIMED-SEE
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID NITRIC-OXIDE EXPLORER; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET; SILICON PHOTODIODES; ATOMIC
   DATABASE; EMISSION-LINES; EUV IRRADIANCE; THIN PLASMAS; VARIABILITY;
   CALIBRATION; FORMULATION
AB [ 1] Observations from the Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics Dynamics Solar Extreme Ultraviolet Experiment (TIMED-SEE) are analyzed to determine the solar soft X-ray energy emission during a solar flare. The TIMED-SEE X-ray ultraviolet Photometer System (XPS) detectors utilize broadband photodiodes that observe from 0.1 to 27 nm. The XPS observed 29 flares of various strengths over a 6-month period in 2002. We describe an emission measure technique to interpret the broadband observations and determine a best fit flare spectrum. This technique is applied to the 29 flares observed by the XPS. Our results show that most of the enhancement in the solar spectrum during a flare comes from the 0 - 2 nm wavelength range. We also show that the XPS calculated 0.1 - 0.8 nm irradiance for brighter M-class and X-class flares is in good agreement with the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites ( GOES) observed 0.1 - 0.8 nm irradiance. Also, the XPS 0 - 7 nm flare irradiance is well correlated with the 0.1 - 0.8 nm irradiance observed by GOES. We show that the total 0 - 7 nm irradiance of smaller X-class flares (X1 - X5) calculated at the time of the XPS observation provides 2 - 3 times the energy of the quiet Sun 0 - 7 nm irradiance.
C1 Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
   Univ Alaska, Dept Phys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
   Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Rodgers, EM (reprint author), Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM erica.rodgers@gi.alaska.edu
NR 37
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD SEP 9
PY 2006
VL 111
IS A10
AR A10S13
DI 10.1029/2005JA011505
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 083AL
UT WOS:000240428200003
ER

PT J
AU Vazquez, A
   Stashchuk, N
   Vlasenko, V
   Bruno, M
   Izquierdo, A
   Gallacher, PC
AF Vazquez, A.
   Stashchuk, N.
   Vlasenko, V.
   Bruno, M.
   Izquierdo, A.
   Gallacher, P. C.
TI Evidence of multimodal structure of the baroclinic tide in the Strait of
   Gibraltar
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CAMARINAL SILL; INTERNAL WAVES; RADAR IMAGES; MODEL; PROPAGATION;
   VARIABILITY; ATLANTIC; WATER; FLOW; SEA
AB The multimodal structure of the baroclinic tides in the Strait of Gibraltar is studied using observations and numerical simulations. Observational data and model results revealed the presence of two types of tidal internal waves generated over Camarinal Sill ( CS). One propagates toward the Mediterranean and disintegrates into series of nonlinear short internal waves with amplitudes of 50 m and more. The second type, behind the first, propagates slower and has a longer wavelength. The vertical structure with both upward and downward displacements of isopycnals can be identified as a manifestation of higher baroclinic modes. Analysis of the empirical orthogonal functions of the ADCP measurements performed over CS and model time series has shown that the second baroclinic mode predominates in the second type of internal waves. Its amplitude can reach one third that of the first baroclinic mode of the leading waves of depression.
C1 Univ Cadiz, Fac Ciencias Mar & Ambientales, Dept Fis Aplicada, E-11510 Puerto Real, Spain.
   Univ Plymouth, Sch Earth Ocean & Environm Sci, Plymouth PL4 8AA, Devon, England.
   USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Vazquez, A (reprint author), Univ Cadiz, Fac Ciencias Mar & Ambientales, Dept Fis Aplicada, E-11510 Puerto Real, Spain.
EM agueda.vazquez@uca.es; nstashchuk@plymouth.ac.uk;
   vvlasenko@plymouth.ac.uk; miguel.bruno@uca.es; alfredo.izquierdo@uca.es;
   gallacher@nrlssc.navy.mil
RI Vazquez, Agueda/G-1976-2010; 
OI Vazquez Lopez-Escobar, Agueda/0000-0002-5636-2604; Izquierdo Gonzalez,
   Alfredo/0000-0003-3842-1460
NR 22
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD SEP 8
PY 2006
VL 33
IS 17
AR L17605
DI 10.1029/2006GL026806
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 082WH
UT WOS:000240417400003
ER

PT J
AU Mohammad, SN
AF Mohammad, S. Noor
TI Self-catalysis: A contamination-free, substrate-free growth mechanism
   for single-crystal nanowire and nanotube growth by chemical vapor
   deposition
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID GALLIUM NITRIDE NANOWIRES; GAN NANOWIRES; INDIUM; GAAS; WHISKERS; NH3;
   PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; FABRICATION; SILICON; SI
AB A unified mechanism for the growth of a wide variety of long, uniform, single-crystal nanowires and whiskers, including III-V and II-VI binary, ternary, and quaternary nanowires and whiskers, without the use of any substrate and catalyst has been presented. While elucidating the mechanism, attempts have been made to provide a kinetic and thermodynamic rationale for the growth. Various features of the growth mechanism, including the formation of liquid droplets and seeds, nucleation, and creation of products, have been discussed. Extensive studies of illustrative examples provide the validity of the proposed mechanism. The influence of various parameters such as growth temperature and chamber pressure on the growth mechanism has been studied. The advantages and disadvantages of the proposed mechanism, and its superiority to the well-known vapor-liquid-solid mechanism, have been elucidated. Means to improve the mechanism to obtain self-aligned nanowires and whiskers have been suggested. Based on these, it has been demonstrated that the present mechanism is indeed a powerful self-catalytic growth mechanism uniquely suited to the growth of a wide variety of single-crystal nanowires and whiskers. It can be very useful also for the growth of single-crystal nanotubes. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Howard Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
   Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Mohammad, SN (reprint author), Howard Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
EM snmohammad2002@yahoo.com
NR 59
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 2
U2 20
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD SEP 7
PY 2006
VL 125
IS 9
AR 094705
DI 10.1063/1.2229195
PG 16
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 081XS
UT WOS:000240351500041
ER

PT J
AU Pomfret, MB
   Owrutsky, JC
   Walker, RA
AF Pomfret, Michael B.
   Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.
   Walker, Robert A.
TI High-temperature Raman spectroscopy of solid oxide fuel cell materials
   and processes
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID STABILIZED ZIRCONIA; SOFC ANODES; HYDROCARBON; OXIDATION; REDUCTION;
   GRAPHITE; SPECTRA; CARBON
AB Chemical and material processes occurring in high temperature environments are difficult to quantify due to a lack of experimental methods that can probe directly the species present. In this letter, Raman spectroscopy is shown to be capable of identifying in-situ and noninvasively changes in material properties as well as the formation and disappearance of molecular species on surfaces at temperatures of 715 C. The material, yttria-stabilized zirconia or YSZ, and the molecular species, Ni/NiO and nanocrystalline graphite, factor prominently in the chemistry of solid oxide fuel cells ( SOFCs). Experiments demonstrate the ability of Raman spectroscopy to follow reversible oxidation/reduction kinetics of Ni/NiO as well as the rate of carbon disappearance when graphite, formed in-situ, is exposed to a weakly oxidizing atmosphere. In addition, the Raman active phonon mode of YSZ shows a temperature dependent shift that correlates closely with the expansion of the lattice parameter, thus providing a convenient internal diagnostic for identifying thermal gradients in high temperature systems. These findings provide direct insight into processes likely to occur in operational SOFCs and motivate the use of in-situ Raman spectroscopy to follow chemical processes in these high-temperature, electrochemically active environments.
C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Univ Maryland, Chem Phys Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Walker, RA (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM rawalker@umd.edu
RI Owrutsky, Jeffrey/K-7649-2012
NR 22
TC 58
Z9 58
U1 6
U2 61
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD SEP 7
PY 2006
VL 110
IS 35
BP 17305
EP 17308
DI 10.1021/jp0639521
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 079EP
UT WOS:000240158600004
PM 16942063
ER

PT J
AU Lampe, M
   Manheimer, WM
   Fernsler, RF
   Slinker, SP
   Joyce, G
AF Lampe, Martin
   Manheimer, Wallace M.
   Fernsler, Richard F.
   Slinker, Steven P.
   Joyce, Glenn
TI Comment on 'The equations for electronegative plasmas are not singular
   at the plasma centre at low pressures' by R N Franklin
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
AB Franklin's criticism (Franklin R N 2005 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 38 2790) of our previous paper (Lampe M et al 2004 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 13 15 - 26) is based on three arguments: (1) that the limit of weak attachment is equivalent to low pressure, where our model is inappropriate; (2) that our use of the T-n -> 0 limit is inappropriate; (3) that the negative ion density n(n) is never singular at the centre. We point out that the weak attachment limit also corresponds (at high pressure) to low fraction of attaching gas, give conditions for the T-n -> 0 limit and discuss its consequences, and reiterate that we never argued that n(n)(0) is infinite, but rather discussed a quite different type of singularity.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Icarus Res Inc, Bethesda, MD 20824 USA.
RP Lampe, M (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3727
J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS
JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys.
PD SEP 7
PY 2006
VL 39
IS 17
BP 3919
EP 3920
DI 10.1088/0022-3727/39/17/N01
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 076XF
UT WOS:000239991000032
ER

PT J
AU Margolina, T
   Collins, CA
   Rago, TA
   Paquette, RG
   Garfield, N
AF Margolina, Tetyana
   Collins, Curtis A.
   Rago, Thomas A.
   Paquette, Robert G.
   Garfield, Newell
TI Intermediate level Lagrangian subsurface measurements in the northeast
   Pacific: Isobaric RAFOS float data
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE California Undercurrent; RAFOS isobaric floats; mesoscale eddies;
   oceanography : general : descriptive and regional oceanography;
   oceanography : physical : eastern boundary currents; oceanography :
   physical : eddies and mesoscale processes
ID NEUTRALLY BUOYANT FLOATS; CALIFORNIA UNDERCURRENT; TRANSPORT
AB [ 1] Isobaric RAFOS floats have been used to track the California Undercurrent and to investigate its continuity since 1992. The data include 61 quasi-Lagrangian subsurface trajectories sampled for the most part between 150 and 600 m. The data set allows estimates of Eulerian and Lagrangian statistics for the region, studies of mesoscale eddy activity, and analysis of seasonal variability of circulation patterns off Central California. A browsable Web-based inventory and a Graphical User Interface have been developed to provide access to this data set, including interactive manipulation of the data.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
   San Francisco State Univ, Romberg Tiburon Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA.
RP Margolina, T (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, 833 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
EM tmargoli@nps.edu; collins@nps.edu; tarago@nps.edu; garfield@sfsu.edu
NR 19
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD SEP 6
PY 2006
VL 7
AR Q09002
DI 10.1029/2006GC001295
PG 16
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 082VS
UT WOS:000240415900002
ER

PT J
AU McDonald, SE
   Basu, S
   Basu, S
   Groves, KM
   Valladares, CE
   Scherliess, L
   Thompson, DC
   Schunk, RW
   Sojka, JJ
   Zhu, L
AF McDonald, Sarah E.
   Basu, Sunanda
   Basu, Santimay
   Groves, Keith M.
   Valladares, Cesar E.
   Scherliess, Ludger
   Thompson, Donald C.
   Schunk, Robert W.
   Sojka, Jan J.
   Zhu, Lie
TI Extreme longitudinal variability of plasma structuring in the equatorial
   ionosphere on a magnetically quiet equinoctial day
SO RADIO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID SPREAD-F; DRIFT VELOCITY; SCINTILLATIONS; SATELLITE; MISSION; SECTOR;
   DYNAMO; RADAR
AB [ 1] We investigate the extreme longitudinal variability of equatorial scintillation under quiet magnetic conditions during 22 - 23 March 2002. Scintillation Network Decision Aid (SCINDA) observations show intense activity in the South American - Atlantic sector during local evening hours, whereas an absence of scintillation is seen in the far east Asian sector. Ground- and space-based measurements from SCINDA, the Global Ultraviolet Imager (GUVI), TOPEX, and a chain of GPS receivers are used in combination with the Utah State University Global Assimilation of Ionospheric Measurements (USU-GAIM) model to explore the relationship between the large-scale ionization distribution and small-scale irregularities at low latitudes in both the scintillating and nonscintillating longitude sectors. Our analysis shows that there are significant differences in the evolution of the ionization distributions during the evening hours, which are likely the result of differences in the daytime and postsunset vertical plasma drift in the two sectors. This study demonstrates the importance of USU-GAIM as a new tool for investigating longitudinal as well as day-to-day variability that is observed in the large-scale distribution of the ionosphere and how this relates to the occurrence of scintillation.
C1 USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Boston Univ, Ctr Space Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
   AF Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
   Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA.
   Utah State Univ, Ctr Atmospher & Space Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
RP McDonald, SE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM sarah.mcdonald@nrl.navy.mil
RI Scherliess, Ludger/A-7499-2016
OI Scherliess, Ludger/0000-0002-7388-5255
NR 25
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0048-6604
J9 RADIO SCI
JI Radio Sci.
PD SEP 6
PY 2006
VL 41
IS 6
AR RS6S24
DI 10.1029/2005RS003366
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
GA 083AZ
UT WOS:000240429600001
ER

PT J
AU Dinderman, MA
   Dressick, WJ
   Kostelansky, CN
   Price, RR
   Qadri, SB
   Schoen, PE
AF Dinderman, Michael A.
   Dressick, Walter J.
   Kostelansky, Cynthia N.
   Price, Ronald R.
   Qadri, Syed B.
   Schoen, Paul E.
TI Electroless plating of iron onto cellulose fibers
SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID NI-FE-P; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; CONTROLLED-RELEASE;
   ALLOY DEPOSITS; THIN-FILMS; COMPOSITES; MICROSTRUCTURES; METALLIZATION;
   FABRICATION
AB We describe a new electroless iron bath capable of depositing a ferromagnetic FeB coating onto Pd/Sn-catalyzed substrates at room temperature without the need for an accompanying galvanic couple and illustrate its use for the fabrication of magnetic cellulose microfibers. The new electroless iron bath contains Fe2+ as the metal source, citrate as the metal chelator, boric acid buffer as the pH controller, and borohydride as the reductant. Surface analysis following plating confirms the deposition of an amorphous FeB coating of composition similar to Fe10B onto the microfiber surface. Through the use of two-level factorial design statistical methods, we characterize the effects of plating variables (i.e., bath pH and concentrations of each bath component) on bath behavior, identifying pH as the sole factor influencing the mass of plated Fe and establishing optimal, reproducible conditions for electroless Fe deposition.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Schoen, PE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6900,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM pschoen@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil
NR 60
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 3
U2 21
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0897-4756
J9 CHEM MATER
JI Chem. Mat.
PD SEP 5
PY 2006
VL 18
IS 18
BP 4361
EP 4368
DI 10.1021/cm060649o
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 078AB
UT WOS:000240072000025
ER

PT J
AU Guenthner, AJ
   Yandek, GR
   Wright, ME
   Petteys, BJ
   Quintana, R
   Connor, D
   Gilardi, RD
   Marchant, D
AF Guenthner, Andrew J.
   Yandek, Gregory R.
   Wright, Michael E.
   Petteys, Brian J.
   Quintana, Roxanne
   Connor, Dan
   Gilardi, Richard D.
   Marchant, Darrell
TI A new silicon-containing bis(cyanate) ester resin with improved thermal
   oxidation and moisture resistance
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID INDUCED PHASE-SEPARATION; EPOXY-RESIN; SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION;
   MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; POLY(ETHER SULFONE); FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS;
   POLYETHERIMIDE; NANOCOMPOSITES; MORPHOLOGY; POLYMERIZATION
AB A new cyanate ester monomer was prepared from bis(4-cyanatophenyl) dimethylsilane (SiMCy) and fully characterized by analytical and spectroscopic techniques. The monomer was found to have a melting point about 20 degrees C lower than that of the commercial bis(4-cyanatophenyl) dimethylmethane (BADCy) with similar melt viscosity, curing kinetics, and postcure glass transition temperature. Analysis of the single-crystal molecular structure by X-ray diffraction showed that intermolecular packing was dominated by weak hydrogen-bonding attractions between the aromatic rings and the -OCN nitrogen atoms. In contrast, the packing interactions found in BADCy are dominated by dipole-dipole interactions of the OCN groups. These differences may explain the 50% reduction in moisture uptake observed in SiMCy as compared to BADCy during exposure to boiling water. In addition, thermogravimetric analysis revealed that SiMCy exhibited a significantly higher char yield in air than BADCy, presumably due to the formation of silicates at high temperature. The combination of improved thermooxidative stability and reduced moisture absorption without significant loss in ease of processing or mechanical properties makes SiMCy an important potential "drop in" replacement for BADCy and demonstrates the power of the molecular level approach to designing new high-temperature polymer materials.
C1 NAVAIR, Dept Res, Div Chem, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   USAF, Res Lab, Propuls Mat Applicat Branch, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
RP Guenthner, AJ (reprint author), NAVAIR, Dept Res, Div Chem, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
EM andrew.guenthner@navy.mil
NR 36
TC 31
Z9 32
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD SEP 5
PY 2006
VL 39
IS 18
BP 6046
EP 6053
DI 10.1021/ma060991m
PG 8
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 077ZB
UT WOS:000240069300018
ER

PT J
AU Gindulyte, A
   Bashan, A
   Agmon, I
   Massa, L
   Yonath, A
   Karel, J
AF Gindulyte, Asta
   Bashan, Anat
   Agmon, Ilana
   Massa, Lou
   Yonath, Ada
   Karel, Jerome
TI The transition state for formation of the peptide bond in the ribosome
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
   AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE quantum mechanics; ribosomal symmetry; activation energy; quantum
   crystallography; catalytic OH
ID SUBSTRATE-ASSISTED CATALYSIS; TRANSFER-RNA; ACTIVE-SITE;
   CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; TRANSLOCATION; PROGRESSION; DENSITY; ROLES
AB Using quantum mechanics and exploiting known crystallographic coordinates of tRNA substrate located in the ribosome peptidyl transferase center around the 2-fold axis, we have investigated the mechanism for peptide-bond formation. The calculation is based on a choice of 50 atoms assumed to be important in the mechanism. We used density functional theory to optimize the geometry and energy of the transition state (TS) for peptide-bond formation. The TS is formed simultaneously with the rotatory motion enabling the translocation of the A-site tRNA 3' end into the P site, and we estimated the magnitude of rotation angle between the A-site starting position and the place at which the TS occurs. The calculated TS activation energy, E(a), is 35.5 kcal (1 kcal = 4.18 kJ)/mol, and the increase in hydrogen bonding between the rotating A-site tRNA and ribosome nucleotides as the TS forms appears to stabilize it to a value qualitatively estimated to be approximate to 18 kcal/mol. The optimized geometry corresponds to a structure in which the peptide bond is being formed as other bonds are being broken, in such a manner as to release the P-site tRNA so that it may exit as a free molecule and be replaced by the translocating A-site tRNA. At TS formation the 2' OH group of the P-site tRNA A76 forms a hydrogen bond with the oxygen atom of the carboxyl group of the amino acid attached to the A-site tRNA, which may be indicative of its catalytic role, consistent with recent biochemical experiments.
C1 Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Biol Struct, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
   CUNY Hunter Coll, New York, NY 10021 USA.
   CUNY, Grad Sch, New York, NY 10021 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Yonath, A (reprint author), Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Biol Struct, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
EM ada.yonath@weizmann.ac.il
FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-03037, G12 RR003037]; NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM034360,
   GM34360, 5S06GM606654]
NR 19
TC 51
Z9 51
U1 0
U2 3
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD SEP 5
PY 2006
VL 103
IS 36
BP 13327
EP 13332
DI 10.1073/pnas.0606027103
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 084DR
UT WOS:000240512700015
PM 16938893
ER

PT J
AU Caldwell, JD
   Klein, PB
   Twigg, ME
   Stahlbush, RE
   Glembocki, OJ
   Liu, KX
   Hobart, KD
   Kub, F
AF Caldwell, Joshua D.
   Klein, P. B.
   Twigg, Mark E.
   Stahlbush, Robert E.
   Glembocki, Orest J.
   Liu, Kendrick X.
   Hobart, Karl D.
   Kub, Fritz
TI Observation of a multilayer planar in-grown stacking fault in 4H-SiC
   p-i-n diodes
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PIN DIODES
AB In-grown stacking faults (IGSFs) are planar defects that do not propagate under either an applied optical or electrical bias; however, their effect upon the electrical characteristics of diodes is not well understood. We present evidence for a multilayered IGSF and discuss its electrical and optical characteristics. These IGSFs, despite similar electroluminescence signatures, were observed to act as either a current barrier or as a short between the p(+) and n(+) layers, causing increases in the leakage current in p-i-n diodes. The difference in conduction behavior is attributed to the nucleation location of the IGSF within the diode drift region. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Caldwell, JD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM joshua.caldwell@nrl.navy.mil
RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008
OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168
NR 13
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD SEP 4
PY 2006
VL 89
IS 10
AR 103519
DI 10.1063/1.2346135
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 082JX
UT WOS:000240384000105
ER

PT J
AU Koshka, Y
   Lin, HD
   Melnychuk, G
   Wood, C
AF Koshka, Yaroslav
   Lin, Huang-De
   Melnychuk, Galyna
   Wood, Colin
TI Epitaxial growth of 4H-SiC at low temperatures using CH3Cl carbon gas
   precursor: Growth rate, surface morphology, and influence of gas phase
   nucleation
SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
LA English
DT Article
DE crystal morphology; growth models; chemical vapor deposition; chloride
   vapor phase epitaxy; hot-wall epitaxy; semiconducting silicon carbide
ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; HOMOEPITAXIAL GROWTH; ACHIEVEMENTS;
   6H-SIC(0001); TECHNOLOGY; CRYSTAL; REACTOR; FACES; HCL
AB This paper explores homoepitaxial growth of 4H-SiC on 8 degrees and 2 degrees off-axis 4H-SiC(0001) substrates at temperatures below 1300 degrees C, which is more than 200 degrees C lower than in conventional state-of-the-art SiC epitaxial growth. In this work, the growth at reduced temperatures is enabled by using halo-carbon growth precursor chloromethane. The growth rate is strongly influenced by Si cluster nucleation in the gas phase. In addition, the condensation of silicon vapor results in decrease of the silicon-to-carbon (Si/C) ratio above the growth surface. The epilayer morphology becomes strongly dependent on the Si/C ratio when the growth temperature (T-g) is reduced. For growth on low-angle (2 degrees) vicinal substrates, topographic defect generation is increasingly difficult to control at lower T-g values. However, low to moderate values of T-g in combination with a beneficial influence of chlorine-containing products of halo-carbon decomposition largely overcome the step-bunching problem of epitaxial growth on low-angle vicinal substrates. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Mississippi State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
   Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
RP Koshka, Y (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM ykoshka@ece.msstate.edu
NR 17
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0248
J9 J CRYST GROWTH
JI J. Cryst. Growth
PD SEP 4
PY 2006
VL 294
IS 2
BP 260
EP 267
DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2006.06.024
PG 8
WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics
GA 086XZ
UT WOS:000240707800019
ER

PT J
AU Malvar, LJ
   Lenke, LR
AF Malvar, L. Javier
   Lenke, Lary R.
TI Efficiency of fly ash in mitigating alkali-silica reaction based on
   chemical composition
SO ACI MATERIALS JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE admixtures; alkali-silica reaction; durability; fly ash
ID CONCRETE
AB While recent specifications address alkali-silica reaction (ASR) prevention using recycled products, such as fly ashes, as cement replacement, the restrictions on the ashes may be too conservative. Data from previous research studies were used to assess the effectiveness of fly ashes in preventing ASR based on their chemical composition, the composition of the cement, and the reactivity of the aggregates. A chemical index was derived to characterize the fly ash and cement based on their chemical constituents. For the fly ashes, this index correlated well with ASTM C 618 and CSA A3001 classifications. This index was also used to assess the efficiency of ashes that did not meet either specification. For a given ash, cement, and aggregate reactivity it was possible to derive the minimum cement replacement that is needed to ensure, with 90% reliability, that the 14-day ASTM C 1260 (modified, or C 1567) expansion would remain below 0.08%.
C1 USN, Naval Facilities Engn Command, Washington, DC 20350 USA.
   Naval Facilities Engn Serv Ctr, Port Hueneme, CA USA.
   Univ New Mexico, Dept Civil Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
RP Malvar, LJ (reprint author), USN, Naval Facilities Engn Command, Washington, DC 20350 USA.
NR 32
TC 31
Z9 35
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER CONCRETE INST
PI FARMINGTON HILLS
PA 38800 INTERNATIONAL WAY, COUNTRY CLUB DRIVE, PO BOX 9094, FARMINGTON
   HILLS, MI 48333-9094 USA
SN 0889-325X
J9 ACI MATER J
JI ACI Mater. J.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2006
VL 103
IS 5
BP 319
EP 326
PG 8
WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science
GA 089AF
UT WOS:000240851500003
ER

PT J
AU Butcher, RJ
   Deschamps, J
AF Butcher, Ray J.
   Deschamps, Jeffrey
TI 3-cyclohexylaminopropane-1-sulfonic acid hemihydrate
SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION E-STRUCTURE REPORTS ONLINE
LA English
DT Article
ID OMEGA-AMINO ACIDS; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; AMINOSULFONIC ACIDS;
   SULFONIC-ACID; CRYSTAL; DERIVATIVES; CAPS
AB The biological buffer 3-cyclohexylaminopropane-1-sulfonic acid (CAPS, C9H19NO3S) crystallizes in the space group C2/c with two CAPS molecules and one water molecule in the asymmetric unit. As is the case for other aminosulfonic acids, CAPS is a zwitterion. Molecules are linked into hydrogen-bonded dimers by interactions involving one of the amine protons and sulfonic acid O atoms, and these dimers are further linked through hydrogen bonding via the water molecule to form layers. These layers are linked by out-of-plane hydrogen bonds involving the other amine proton.
C1 Howard Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Butcher, RJ (reprint author), Howard Univ, Dept Chem, 525 Coll St NW, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
EM raymond.butcher@nrl.navy.mil
OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1600-5368
J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR E
JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. E.-Struct Rep. Online
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 62
BP O3768
EP O3770
DI 10.1107/S1600536806030650
PN 9
PG 3
WC Crystallography
SC Crystallography
GA 080DO
UT WOS:000240227400231
ER

PT J
AU Greilich, A
   Yucova, IA
   Oulton, R
   Zhukov, EA
   Yakovlev, DR
   Bayer, M
   Shabaev, A
   Efros, AL
   Stavarache, V
   Reuter, D
   Wieck, AD
AF Greilich, A.
   Yucova, I. A.
   Oulton, R.
   Zhukov, E. A.
   Yakovlev, D. R.
   Bayer, M.
   Shabaev, A.
   Efros, Al. L.
   Stavarache, V.
   Reuter, D.
   Wieck, A. D.
TI Electron spins in self-assembled (In,Ga)As/GaAs quantum dots studied by
   pump-probe Faraday rotation
SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA A
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 35th International School on the Physics of Semiconducting Compounds
CY JUN 17-23, 2006
CL Jaszowiec, POLAND
SP Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Warsaw Univ, Fac Phys, Polish Acad Sci, Inst High Pressure Phys, PAS Comm Phys
AB Static and dynamic properties of electron spins in self-assembled (In,Ga)As/GaAs quantum dots which contain on average a single electron per dot were studied by pump-probe Faraday rotation. Examples given here are the g-factor tensor components as well as the dephasing time T-2* within a dot ensemble.
C1 Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Ruhr Univ Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
RP Greilich, A (reprint author), Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
RI Greilich, Alex/A-8927-2009; Yugova, Irina/F-6823-2011; Wieck, Andreas
   Dirk/C-5129-2009
OI Yugova, Irina/0000-0003-0020-3679; Wieck, Andreas
   Dirk/0000-0001-9776-2922
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST PHYSICS
PI WARSAW
PA AL LOTNIKOW 32-46, 02-668 WARSAW, POLAND
SN 0587-4246
J9 ACTA PHYS POL A
JI Acta Phys. Pol. A
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 110
IS 3
BP 287
EP 293
PG 7
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 086WK
UT WOS:000240703500002
ER

PT J
AU Griffin, DW
   Westphal, DL
   Gray, MA
AF Griffin, Dale W.
   Westphal, Douglas L.
   Gray, Michael A.
TI Airborne microorganisms in the African desert dust corridor over the
   mid-Atlantic ridge, Ocean Drilling Program, Leg 209
SO AEROBIOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE aerobiology; microbiology; atmospheric microbiology; atmosphere;
   methods; survival; oceanic
ID FUNGAL SPORES; UNITED-STATES; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; UV-RADIATION; BACTERIA;
   DIVERSITY; SURFACE; AGAR; ENUMERATION; POPULATION
AB The objective of this study was to enhance our understanding of the fate and trans-Atlantic transport of dustborne microorganisms from Northern Africa to the Caribbean and Americas, and more specifically to determine if culturable populations could be detected at a mid-ocean site, closer to the source of dust relative to land-based Caribbean sites, during the early summer months of May and June. Between the dates of 22 May and 30 June 2003, daily air samples were collected and evaluated for the presence of culturable bacterial and fungal colony-forming units (CFU). Here we report a statistically significant correlation between daily atmospheric CFU counts at a mid-ocean research site (similar to 15 degrees N, 45 degrees W) and daily desert dust concentrations as determined by the U.S. Navy's Naval Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System (NAAPS) Global Aerosol Model (Honrath et al. (2004). Journal of Geophysical Research, 109; Johnson et al. (2003). Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 17, 1063; Reid et al. (2004). Geophysical Research Letters, 31; Schollaert, Yoder, Westphal, & O'Reilly (2003). Journal of Geophysical Research, 108, 3191).
C1 US Geol Survey, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Aerosol & Radiat Sect, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Griffin, DW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 600 4th St S, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM dgriffin@usgs.gov
NR 45
TC 49
Z9 51
U1 0
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0393-5965
J9 AEROBIOLOGIA
JI Aerobiologia
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 22
IS 3
BP 211
EP 226
DI 10.1007/s10453-006-9033-z
PG 16
WC Biology; Environmental Sciences
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
   Ecology
GA 084PX
UT WOS:000240547700007
ER

PT J
AU Ponsen, M
   Munoz-Avila, H
   Spronck, P
   Aha, DW
AF Ponsen, Marc
   Munoz-Avila, Hector
   Spronck, Pieter
   Aha, David W.
TI Automatically generating game tactics through evolutionary learning
SO AI MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction
CY MAR 02-04, 2006
CL Salt Lake City, UT
SP IEEE Robot & Automat Soc
AB The decision-making process of computer-controlled opponents in video games is called game AI. Adaptive game AI can improve the entertainment value of games by allowing computer-controlled opponents to fix weaknesses automatically in the game AI and to respond to changes in human-player tactics. Dynamic scripting is a reinforcement learning approach to adaptive game AI that learns, during gameplay, which game tactics an opponent should select to play effectively. In previous work, the tactics used by dynamic scripting were designed manually. We introduce the evolutionary state-based tactics generator (ESTG), which uses an evolutionary algorithm to generate tactics automatically. Experimental results show that ESTG improves dynamic scripting's performance in a realtime strategy game. We conclude that high-quality domain knowledge can be automatically generated for strong adaptive game AI opponents. Game developers can benefit from applying ESTG, as it considerably reduces the time and effort needed to create adaptive game AI.
C1 Maastricht Univ, IKAT, Maastricht, Netherlands.
   Lehigh Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Bethlehem, PA USA.
   USN, Intelligent Decis Aids Grp, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA.
   Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Ponsen, M (reprint author), Maastricht Univ, IKAT, Maastricht, Netherlands.
NR 15
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER ASSOC ARTIFICIAL INTELL
PI MENLO PK
PA 445 BURGESS DRIVE, MENLO PK, CA 94025-3496 USA
SN 0738-4602
J9 AI MAG
JI AI Mag.
PD FAL
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 3
BP 75
EP 84
PG 10
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
SC Computer Science
GA 090EP
UT WOS:000240933700007
ER

PT J
AU Rybski, PE
   Tejada, S
   Blank, D
   Stroupe, A
   Bugajska, M
   Greenwald, L
AF Rybski, Paul E.
   Tejada, Sheila
   Blank, Douglas
   Stroupe, Ashley
   Bugajska, Magdalena
   Greenwald, Lloyd
TI The AAAI 2005 Mobile Robot Competition and Exhibition
SO AI MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction
CY MAR 02-04, 2006
CL Salt Lake City, UT
AB The Fourteenth Annual AAAI Mobile Robot Competition and Exhibition was held at the National Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in July 2005. This year marked a change in the venue format from a conference hall to a hotel, which changed how the robot event was run. As a result, the robots were much more visible to the attendees of the AAAI conference than in previous years. This allowed teams that focused on human-robot interaction to have many more opportunities to interact with people. This article describes the events that were held at the conference, including the Scavenger Hunt, Open Interaction, Robot Challenge, and Robot Exhibition.
C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Inst Robot, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
   Bryn Mawr Coll, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010 USA.
   CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Mars Explorat Rover Project, Pasadena, CA USA.
   USN, Ctr Appl Res Artificial Intelligence, Washington, DC USA.
   Drexel Univ, Intelligent Time Crit Syst Lab, Philadelphia, PA USA.
RP Rybski, PE (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Inst Robot, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
EM prybski@cs.cmu.edu; dblank@cs.brynmawr.edu; magda@aic.nrl.navy.mil
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ASSOC ARTIFICIAL INTELL
PI MENLO PK
PA 445 BURGESS DRIVE, MENLO PK, CA 94025-3496 USA
SN 0738-4602
J9 AI MAG
JI AI Mag.
PD FAL
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 3
BP 85
EP 102
PG 18
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
SC Computer Science
GA 090EP
UT WOS:000240933700008
ER

PT J
AU Chey, WD
   Andrews, AH
   Lee, DH
   Smith, JH
   Kim, CH
   Saad, RJ
   Rai, JK
   Cash, BD
AF Chey, William D.
   Andrews, Allan H.
   Lee, Dong H.
   Smith, John H.
   Kim, Cecilia H.
   Saad, Richard J.
   Rai, Jennifer K.
   Cash, Brooks D.
TI Are anti-endomysial or anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies alone
   sufficient to screen for celiac sprue in patients with the irritable
   bowel syndrome?
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 71st Annual Scientific Meeting of the
   American-College-of-Gasroenterology
CY OCT 20-25, 2006
CL Las Vegas, NV
SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol
C1 Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
   Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
   Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA.
   Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0002-9270
J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL
JI Am. J. Gastroenterol.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 101
IS 9
SU S
MA 1232
BP S477
EP S478
PG 2
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA 086EH
UT WOS:000240656102233
ER

PT J
AU Kurland, J
   Camiscoli, D
   Kahler, KH
   Lesnikova, N
   Balshaw, R
AF Kurland, J.
   Camiscoli, D.
   Kahler, K. H.
   Lesnikova, N.
   Balshaw, R.
TI Real-world treatment effect of tegaserod: IBS longitudinal outcomes
   study (ILOS)
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 71st Annual Scientific Meeting of the
   American-College-of-Gasroenterology
CY OCT 20-25, 2006
CL Las Vegas, NV
SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol
C1 USN, Med Ctr, Dept Gastro, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA.
   Shore Hlth Grp, Brick, NJ USA.
   Novartis Pharmaceut Corp, E Hanover, NJ USA.
   Syreon Corp, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0002-9270
J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL
JI Am. J. Gastroenterol.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 101
IS 9
SU S
MA 1259
BP S487
EP S487
PG 1
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA 086EH
UT WOS:000240656102260
ER

PT J
AU Sag, LS
   Mittal, A
   Gorberg, AG
AF Sag, Leah S.
   Mittal, Anita
   Gorberg, Adam G.
TI A rare presentation of PSC
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 71st Annual Scientific Meeting of the
   American-College-of-Gasroenterology
CY OCT 20-25, 2006
CL Las Vegas, NV
SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol
ID PRIMARY SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS; ACUTE-PANCREATITIS
C1 Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
   Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA.
   New York Med Coll, New York, NY 10029 USA.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0002-9270
J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL
JI Am. J. Gastroenterol.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 101
IS 9
SU S
MA 673
BP S277
EP S277
PG 1
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA 086EH
UT WOS:000240656101166
ER

PT J
AU Fox, WC
   Watson, R
   Lockette, W
AF Fox, W. Christopher
   Watson, Rex
   Lockette, Warren
TI Acute hypoxemia increases cardiovascular baroreceptor sensitivity in
   humans
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
LA English
DT Article
DE hypoxia; humans; natriuresis; hypertension; lower body negative pressure
   (LBNP)
ID ACUTE HYPOXIA; CIRCULATORY RESPONSES; SYSTEMIC HYPOXIA; MODULATION;
   HYPOCAPNIA; ALTITUDE
AB Background: We postulated that acute hypoxemia increases susceptibility to orthostatic hypotension by increasing the sensitivity of cardiovascular baroreceptors.
   Methods: Hemodynamics were measured noninvasively in 17 healthy, normotensive subjects while being subjected to decreasing venous return by exposure to lower body negative pressure (LBNP) and breathing either a normobaric normoxic (21% O-2) or normobaric hypoxic (12% O-2) gas mixture.
   Results: Hypoxia variably decreased hemoglobin saturation (in percent +/- SEM, from 99% +/- 1% to 87% +/- 2%, P < .01). Incremental increases in LBNP to -50 mm Hg significantly lowered systolic blood pressure (BP), pulse pressure (PP), forearm blood flow (FBF), and increased heart rate (HR). Hypoxia significantly increased baseline systolic BP, PP, and HR. The maximum change in HR in response to LBNP-induced reductions in PP increased during acute hypoxemia (maximum Delta HR/Delta PP, in +/- SEM) from 1.32 +/- 0.18 beats/min/mm Hg v 1.91 +/- 0.25 beats/min/mm Hg, P < .05. Those subjects who had the most hemoglobin desaturation during hypoxia, when compared to those subjects who desaturated minimally, had greater systolic BP at rest (128 +/- 3 mm Hg v 114 +/- 3 rum Hg, P = .05) and during LBNP (115 4 mm Hg v 100 +/- 1 mm Hg, P =.01).
   Conclusions: Acute hypoxia increased compensatory HR responses to LBNP-dependent reductions in BP. Those normotensive individuals with higher BP at rest and during LBNP developed greater degrees of hypoxia-induced hemoglobin desaturation. Patients with sleep apnea with periods of hypoxemia are prone to hypertension; more important, patients with higher BPs also demonstrate greater degrees of hypoxia-induced desaturation of oxyhemoglobin.
C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
   Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Neurosurg, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
   Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
   USN, Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Lockette, W (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, Mail Code 8415,200 Arbor Dr, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
EM ridiculo@umich.edu
FU NHLBI NIH HHS [2R01 HL50849]
NR 19
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0895-7061
J9 AM J HYPERTENS
JI Am. J. Hypertens.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 19
IS 9
BP 958
EP 963
DI 10.1016/j.amjhyper.2006.02.005
PG 6
WC Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 089PO
UT WOS:000240893000015
PM 16942940
ER

PT J
AU Griffin, LY
   Albohm, MJ
   Arendt, EA
   Bahr, R
   Beynnon, BD
   DeMaio, M
   Dick, RW
   Engebretsen, L
   Garrett, WE
   Hannafin, JA
   Hewett, TE
   Huston, LJ
   Ireland, ML
   Johnson, RJ
   Lephart, S
   Mandelbaum, BR
   Mann, BJ
   Marks, PH
   Marshall, SW
   Myklebust, G
   Noyes, FR
   Powers, C
   Shields, C
   Shultz, SJ
   Silvers, H
   Slauterbeck, J
   Taylor, DC
   Teitz, CC
   Wojtys, EM
   Yu, B
AF Griffin, Letha Y.
   Albohm, Marjorie J.
   Arendt, Elizabeth A.
   Bahr, Roald
   Beynnon, Bruce D.
   DeMaio, Marlene
   Dick, Randall W.
   Engebretsen, Lars
   Garrett, William E., Jr.
   Hannafin, Jo A.
   Hewett, Tim E.
   Huston, Laura J.
   Ireland, Mary Lloyd
   Johnson, Robert J.
   Lephart, Scott
   Mandelbaum, Bert R.
   Mann, Barton J.
   Marks, Paul H.
   Marshall, Stephen W.
   Myklebust, Grethe
   Noyes, Frank R.
   Powers, Christopher
   Shields, Clarence, Jr.
   Shultz, Sandra J.
   Silvers, Holly
   Slauterbeck, James
   Taylor, Dean C.
   Teitz, Carol C.
   Wojtys, Edward M.
   Yu, Bing
TI Understanding and preventing noncontact anterior cruciate ligament
   injuries - A review of the Hunt Valley II Meeting, January 2005
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
LA English
DT Review
DE anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries; injury prevention; athletic
   injuries; knee injuries
ID LOWER-EXTREMITY KINEMATICS; INTERCONDYLAR NOTCH WIDTH; ACTIVE
   MUSCULOSKELETAL STIFFNESS; TEAM HANDBALL PLAYERS; FEMALE SOCCER PLAYERS;
   OF-THE-LITERATURE; STOP-JUMP TASKS; MENSTRUAL-CYCLE; GENDER-DIFFERENCES;
   RISK-FACTORS
AB The incidence of noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries in young to middle-aged athletes remains high. Despite early diagnosis and appropriate operative and nonoperative treatments, posttraumatic degenerative arthritis may develop. In a meeting in Atlanta, Georgia (January 2005), sponsored by the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine, a group of physicians, physical therapists, athletic trainers, biomechanists, epidemiologists, and other scientists interested in this area of research met to review current knowledge on risk factors associated with noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries, anterior cruciate ligament injury biomechanics, and existing anterior cruciate ligament prevention programs. This article reports on the presentations, discussions, and recommendations of this group.
C1 Peachtree Orthopaed Clin, Atlanta, GA 30309 USA.
   Ortholndy, Indianapolis, IN USA.
   Univ Minnesota, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
   Univ Sport & Phys Educ, Oslo Sports Trauma Res Ctr, Oslo, Norway.
   Univ Vermont, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
   USN, Med Ctr, Bone & Joint Sports Med Inst, Dept Orthopaed, Portsmouth, VA USA.
   NCAA, Indianapolis, IN USA.
   Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, Durham, NC 27706 USA.
   Hosp Special Surg, New York, NY 10021 USA.
   Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA.
   Kentucky Sports Med Clin, Lexington, KY USA.
   UPMC, Ctr Sports Med, Neuromuscular Res Lab, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
   Santa Monica Orthopaed & Sports Med Grp, Santa Monica, CA USA.
   Amer Orthopaed Soc Sports Med, Rosemont, IL USA.
   Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
   Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA.
   Cincinnati Sportsmed Res & Educ Fdn, Cincinnati, OH USA.
   Univ So Calif, Dept Biokinesiol & Phys Therapy, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
   Kerlan Jobe Orthopaed Clin, Los Angeles, CA USA.
   Univ N Carolina, Dept Exercise & Sport Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA.
   Santa Monica Orthopaed & Sports Med Res Fdn, Santa Monica, CA USA.
   TRIA Orthopaed Ctr, Minneapolis, MN USA.
   Univ Washington, Sports Med Clin, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
   Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
   Univ N Carolina, Div Phys Therapy, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA.
RP Griffin, LY (reprint author), Peachtree Orthopaed Clin, 2045 Peachtree Rd,Suite 700, Atlanta, GA 30309 USA.
EM lethagriff@aol.com
RI Hewett, Timothy/G-1023-2011; Hewett, Timothy/E-3241-2011; Bahr,
   Roald/B-6964-2014; Silvers, Holly/D-4467-2014; Powers,
   Christopher/J-2662-2014; 
OI Bahr, Roald/0000-0001-5725-4237; Huston, Laura/0000-0002-9901-7165;
   Marshall, Stephen/0000-0002-2664-9233
NR 174
TC 351
Z9 363
U1 65
U2 245
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0363-5465
J9 AM J SPORT MED
JI Am. J. Sports Med.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 34
IS 9
BP 1512
EP 1532
DI 10.1177/0363546506286866
PG 21
WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences
SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences
GA 077IO
UT WOS:000240022700016
PM 16905673
ER

PT J
AU Fryauff, DJ
   Hanafi, HA
   Klena, JD
   Hoel, DF
   Appawu, M
   Rogers, W
   Puplampu, N
   Odoom, S
   Kweku, M
   Koram, K
   Wilson, MD
   Raczniak, G
   Boakye, D
AF Fryauff, David J.
   Hanafi, Hanafi A.
   Klena, John D.
   Hoel, David F.
   Appawu, Maxwell
   Rogers, William
   Puplampu, Naiki
   Odoom, Shirley
   Kweku, Margaret
   Koram, Kwadwo
   Wilson, Michael D.
   Raczniak, Gregory
   Boakye, Daniel
TI Short report: Its-1 DNA sequence confirmation of Leishmania major as a
   cause of cutaneous leishmaniasis from an outbreak focus in the Ho
   District, southeastern Ghana
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article
ID CLINICAL-SAMPLES; ALIGNMENT
C1 USN, Ghana Detachment, Med Res Unit 3, Vector Biol Res Program, FPO, AE 09835 USA.
   USN, Med Res Unit, Infect Dis Directorate, Silver Spring, MD USA.
   Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, Dept Parasitol, Accra, Ghana.
   Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, Dept Epidemiol, Accra, Ghana.
   Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, Dept Entomol, Accra, Ghana.
   Ghana Hlth Serv, Ho Dist Directorate, Ho, Ghana.
RP Hoel, DF (reprint author), USN, Ghana Detachment, Med Res Unit 3, Vector Biol Res Program, PSC 452,Box 141, FPO, AE 09835 USA.
EM hoeld@namru3.med.navy.mil
RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013
NR 16
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 75
IS 3
BP 502
EP 504
PG 3
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 083RR
UT WOS:000240476400022
PM 16968929
ER

PT J
AU Howard, RS
   Finneran, JJ
   Ridgway, SH
AF Howard, Red S.
   Finneran, James J.
   Ridgway, Sam H.
TI Bispectral index monitoring of unihemispheric effects in dolphins
SO ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA
LA English
DT Article
ID MINIMUM ALVEOLAR CONCENTRATION; SPECTRAL EDGE FREQUENCY; SLEEP;
   ANESTHESIA; ISOFLURANE; DEPTH; SEVOFLURANE; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM;
   MULTIPLES; ASYMMETRY
AB When dolphins sleep, their electroencephalographic activity may change in only one cerebral hemisphere; i.e., the left and right brain hemispheres can take turns sleeping. We demonstrate that the bispectral index (BIS) monitor can detect interhemispheric asymmetry in the dolphin species Tursiops truncatus. Using two BIS sensors placed simultaneously over each side of the dolphin's head, we often, but not always, found significant differences between the two BIS values (e.g., left side 60 and right side 90) in non-medicated animals and in animals given propofol, atropine, and/or diazepam. Observations were each made over a period of approximately 3 h on dolphins resting out of the water. Unihemispheric effects may be inducible pharmacologically in dolphins. The dolphin, with its human-sized brain, may provide an animal model for study of unihemispheric effects in humans.
C1 USN, Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
   USN, Marine Mammal Program, SPAWARSYSCEN, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
   Univ Calif, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, La Jolla, CA USA.
RP Howard, RS (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM rhoward@ucsd.edu
NR 39
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 4
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0003-2999
J9 ANESTH ANALG
JI Anesth. Analg.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 103
IS 3
BP 626
EP 632
DI 10.1213/01.ane.0000231656.38488.b4
PG 7
WC Anesthesiology
SC Anesthesiology
GA 077SG
UT WOS:000240049800019
PM 16931672
ER

PT J
AU Lueken, RJ
   Heffner, AC
   Parks, PD
AF Lueken, Robert John
   Heffner, Alan Christopher
   Parks, Phillip D.
TI Treatment of severe carbon monoxide poisoning using a portable
   hyperbaric oxygen chamber
SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
AB We report the first case of suspected carbon monoxide poisoning treated by hyperbaric oxygen therapy by using a portable hyperbaric stretcher. A 40-year-old British man in Kabul, Afghanistan, was found unresponsive in his apartment. Initial treatment consisted of oxygen by mask at a Combat Support Hospital for several hours, with minimal improvement. Operational security and risk prevented his immediate evacuation to the nearest fixed hyperbaric facilities. He was subsequently treated twice using an Emergency Evacuation Hyperbaric Stretcher, according to the US Navy Diving Manual treatment Table 9. The patient showed marked neurologic improvement after the first treatment and experienced near complete recovery before eventual evacuation. This case illustrates the practical use of portable chambers for the treatment of suspected cases of carbon monoxide poisoning in an austere environment.
C1 Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Emergency Med, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
   USN, Virginia Beach, VA USA.
   USN, Norfolk, VA USA.
RP Lueken, RJ (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Emergency Med, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
EM onholdemd@cox.net
OI heffner, alan/0000-0002-0438-4991
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU MOSBY, INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA
SN 0196-0644
J9 ANN EMERG MED
JI Ann. Emerg. Med.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 48
IS 3
BP 319
EP 322
DI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2006.01.014
PG 4
WC Emergency Medicine
SC Emergency Medicine
GA 080OD
UT WOS:000240256400014
PM 16934652
ER

PT J
AU Nee, SMF
AF Nee, Soe-Mie F.
TI Errors of Mueller matrix measurements with a partially polarized light
   source
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID NULL ELLIPSOMETRY; SCATTERING; SURFACES; DEPOLARIZATION; CALIBRATION;
   POLARIMETER; COMPONENTS
AB The linear errors of Mueller matrix measurements, using a partially polarized light source, have been formulated for imperfections of misalignment, depolarization, and nonideal ellipsometric parameters of the polarimetric components. The error matrices for a source-polarizer system and a source-polarizer-compensator system are derived. A polarized light source, when used with an imperfect polarizer, generates extra errors in addition to those for an unpolarized source. The compensator redistributes these errors to different elements of the error matrix. The errors of the Mueller matrices for the polarizer-sample-analyzer and the polarizer-compensator-sample-analyzer systems are evaluated for a straight through case. This error analysis is applied to a Stokes method and an experiment was performed to show the errors by a polarized light source. This general analysis can be used to evaluate errors for ellipsometry and polarimetry. (c) 2006 Optical Society of America
C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Phys & Computat Sci Res & Engn Sci Dept, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
RP Nee, SMF (reprint author), Natl Yang Ming Univ, Inst Biophoton Engn, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
EM smfnee@aol.com
NR 23
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 7
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD SEP 1
PY 2006
VL 45
IS 25
BP 6497
EP 6506
DI 10.1364/AO.45.006497
PG 10
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 079ZR
UT WOS:000240216900024
PM 16912788
ER

PT J
AU Yoon, PJ
   Starr, JR
   Perkins, JA
   Bloom, D
   Sie, KCY
AF Yoon, Patricia J.
   Starr, Jacqueline R.
   Perkins, Jonathan A.
   Bloom, David
   Sie, Kathleen C. Y.
TI Interrater and intrarater reliability in the evaluation of
   velopharyngeal insufficiency within a single institution
SO ARCHIVES OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 19th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Pediatric-Otolaryngology
CY MAY 01-03, 2004
CL Phoenix, AZ
SP Amer Soc Pediat Otolaryngol
ID MULTIVIEW VIDEOFLUOROSCOPY; PHARYNGEAL FLAP; NASENDOSCOPY; SURGERY
AB Objective: To explore the interrater and intrarater reliability in nasoendoscopic assessment of velopharyngeal (VP) function using the standardized reporting method described by Golding-Kushner within a single institution.
   Design: Prospective blinded study.
   Setting: Academic, tertiary care, pediatric hospital.
   Participants: Six health care providers ( 2 pediatric otolaryngology faculty members, 2 pediatric otolaryngology fellows, and 2 speech pathologists) independently rated 50 videotaped nasoendoscopy segments twice. The segments on the videotape were obtained in a clinical setting.
   Main Outcome Measures: The Golding-Kushner rating system was used to rate VP function. Raters described VP closure quantitatively by rating palatal and lateral pharyngeal wall movement for each segment. They also qualitatively described characteristics of the VP gap, rated gap size as none, small, medium, or large, and estimated the percentage gap size relative to the resting position. Reliability coefficients were calculated for the data sets.
   Results: Fairly good interrater and intrarater reliability was seen in the quantitative measures. Faculty otolaryngologists rated segments more similarly to each other than did pediatric otolaryngology fellows, but intrarater reliability was similar for both the experienced and less experienced otolaryngologists. Less consistency was seen in the ratings of the speech pathologists. Raters tended to rate with less consistency when describing qualitative characteristics of the VP gap than when making quantitative measurements.
   Conclusions: The Golding-Kushner scale is a reasonably reliable tool for reporting nasoendoscopic findings at our institution. However, these data also indicate that there exists room for improvement and that rater training may increase reliability.
C1 Childrens Hosp & Reg Med Ctr, Childrens Craniofacial Ctr, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
   Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
   Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat Otolaryngol, Denver, CO 80218 USA.
   Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
   Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
   Univ Washington, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
   Childrens Hosp & Reg Med Ctr, Childhood Commun Ctr, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
   Childrens Hosp & Reg Med Ctr, Div Pediat Otolaryngol, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
   USN, Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA.
RP Sie, KCY (reprint author), Childrens Hosp & Reg Med Ctr, Childrens Craniofacial Ctr, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
EM kathleen.sie@seattlechildrens.org
OI Starr, Jacqueline/0000-0002-3039-2311
NR 12
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA
SN 0886-4470
J9 ARCH OTOLARYNGOL
JI Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 132
IS 9
BP 947
EP 951
DI 10.1001/archotol.132.9.947
PG 5
WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery
SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery
GA 085HA
UT WOS:000240593500004
PM 16982971
ER

PT J
AU Tasse, C
   Cohen, AS
   Rottgering, HJA
   Kassim, NE
   Pierre, M
   Perley, R
   Best, P
   Birkinshaw, M
   Bremer, M
   Liang, H
AF Tasse, C.
   Cohen, A. S.
   Rottgering, H. J. A.
   Kassim, N. E.
   Pierre, M.
   Perley, R.
   Best, P.
   Birkinshaw, M.
   Bremer, M.
   Liang, H.
TI New results from the low-frequency counterpart of the XMM large scale
   structure survey
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE techniques : interferometric; surveys; cosmology : observations;
   large-scale structure of Universe methods : data analysis; radio
   continuum : general
ID REDSHIFT RADIO GALAXIES; QUASI-STELLAR OBJECTS; SOUTH GALACTIC CAP; SKY
   SURVEY; EMISSION-LINE; CLUSTER ENVIRONMENTS; OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY;
   CHANDRA OBSERVATION; ABELL CLUSTERS; CATALOG
AB The XMM Large Scale Structure survey (XMM-LSS) is an X-ray survey aimed at studying the large scale structure of the Universe. The XMM-LSS field is currently being followed up using observations across a wide range of wavelengths, and in this paper we present the observational results of a low frequency radio survey of the XMM-LSS field using the Very Large Array at 74 and 325 MHz. This survey will map out the locations of the extragalactic radio sources relative to the large scale structure as traced by the X-ray emission. This is of particular interest because radio galaxies and radio loud AGN show strong and complex interactions with their small and larger scale environment, and different classes of radio galaxies are suggested to lie at different places with respect to the large scale structure.
   For the phase calibration of the radio data, we used standard self-calibration at 325 MHz and field-base calibration at 74 MHz. Polyhedron-based imaging as well as mosaicing methods were used at both frequencies. At 74 MHz we have a resolution of 30", a median 5 sigma sensitivity of similar to 162 mJy/beam and we detect 666 sources over an area of 132 square degrees. At 325 MHz, we have a resolution of 6.7", a median 5s sensitivity of 4 mJy/beam, and we detect 847 sources over an area of 15.3 square degrees. At 325 MHz we have detected a region of diffuse radio emission which is a cluster halo or relic candidate.
C1 Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.
   USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   CEA, DSM, DAPNIA, Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
   Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
   Royal Observ, Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland.
   Univ Bristol, Dept Phys, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England.
RP Tasse, C (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.
EM tasse@strw.leidenuniv.nl
RI Liang, Haida/C-7830-2016
OI Liang, Haida/0000-0001-9496-406X
NR 42
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 2
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
   FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
EI 1432-0746
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 456
IS 2
BP 791
EP U209
DI 10.1051/0004-6361:20065018
PG 42
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 080IZ
UT WOS:000240242400040
ER

PT J
AU Megn, AV
   Rashkovskii, SL
   Shepelev, VA
   Inyutin, GA
   Brazhenko, AI
   Bulatsen, VG
   Vashchishin, RV
   Koshevoi, VV
   Lozinskii, AB
   Kassim, NE
AF Megn, A. V.
   Rashkovskii, S. L.
   Shepelev, V. A.
   Inyutin, G. A.
   Brazhenko, A. I.
   Bulatsen, V. G.
   Vashchishin, R. V.
   Koshevoi, V. V.
   Lozinskii, A. B.
   Kassim, N. E.
TI Extended component in the quasar 3C 380
SO ASTRONOMY REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID RADIO-SOURCES; VLA OBSERVATIONS; DECAMETER WAVELENGTHS; BASELINE;
   INTERFEROMETER; RESOLUTION; FREQUENCY; GALAXIES; MHZ
AB Results of radio interferometric observations of the quasar 3C 380 carried out on the URAN interferometers at decameter wavelengths and on the aperture synthesis radio telescope VLA at meter wavelengths are reported. The spectral index of an extended lobe about 10" in size is considerably lower than at decimeter wavelengths. Below similar to 100 MHz, the ratio of the emission from the compact components associated with hot spots in the radio lobe to the total flux of the source decreases due to synchrotron self-absorption at hot spots, whose flux density at 20 MHz does not exceed 65 Jy. A halo with a full width at a half-maximum of about 40" was detected, whose angular extent considerably exceeds the total source size measured at shorter wavelengths.
C1 Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Radio Astron, UA-61002 Kharkov, Ukraine.
   Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Geophys, Poltava Gravimetr Observ, UA-36029 Poltava, Ukraine.
   Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Phys & Mech, UA-79601 Lvov, Ukraine.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Megn, AV (reprint author), Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Radio Astron, Krasnoznamennaya Ul 4, UA-61002 Kharkov, Ukraine.
NR 22
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA
SN 1063-7729
J9 ASTRON REP+
JI Astron. Rep.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 50
IS 9
BP 692
EP 698
DI 10.1134/S1063772906090022
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 084PZ
UT WOS:000240547900002
ER

PT J
AU Kastner, JH
   Richmond, M
   Grosso, N
   Weintraub, DA
   Simon, T
   Henden, A
   Hamaguchi, K
   Frank, A
   Ozawa, H
AF Kastner, Joel H.
   Richmond, Michael
   Grosso, Nicolas
   Weintraub, David A.
   Simon, Theodore
   Henden, Arne
   Hamaguchi, Kenji
   Frank, Adam
   Ozawa, Hideki
TI V1647 Orionis: The X-ray evolution of a pre-main-sequence accretion
   burst
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE stars : formation; stars : individual (V1647 Orionis); stars :
   pre-main-sequence; X-rays : stars
ID MCNEILS NEBULA; FU ORIONIS; YOUNG STAR; OUTBURST; IRAS-05436-0007;
   V1647-ORIONIS; VARIABILITY; EMISSION; SPECTRUM; CLUSTER
AB We present Chandra X-Ray Observatory monitoring observations of the recent accretion outburst displayed by the pre-main-sequence (pre-MS) star V1647 Ori. The X-ray observations were obtained over a period beginning prior to outburst onset in late 2003 and continuing through its apparent cessation in late 2005, and demonstrate that the mean flux of the spatially coincident X-ray source closely tracked the near-infrared luminosity of V1647 Ori throughout its eruption. We find negligible likelihood that the correspondence between X-ray and infrared light curves over this period was the result of multiple X-ray flares unrelated to the accretion burst. The recent Chandra data confirm that the X-ray spectrum of V1647 Ori hardened during outburst, relative both to its preoutburst state and to the X-ray spectra of nearby pre-MS stars in the L1630 cloud. We conclude that the observed changes in the X-ray emission from V1647 Ori over the course of its 2003 - 2005 eruption were generated by a sudden increase and subsequent decline in its accretion rate. These results for V1647 Ori indicate that the flux of hard X-ray emission from erupting low-mass, pre-MS stars, and the duration and intensity of such eruptions, reflect the degree to which star-disk magnetic fields are reorganized before and during major accretion events.
C1 Rochester Inst Technol, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
   Univ Grenoble 1, Astrophys Lab Grenoble, F-38041 Grenoble, France.
   Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
   Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
   USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA.
   NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
   Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA.
   Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
   Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Osaka 5600043, Japan.
RP Kastner, JH (reprint author), Rochester Inst Technol, 54 Lomb Mem Dr, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
EM jhk@cis.rit.edu
NR 32
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD SEP 1
PY 2006
VL 648
IS 1
BP L43
EP L46
DI 10.1086/507992
PN 2
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 080EI
UT WOS:000240230300011
ER

PT J
AU Ojha, R
   Fey, AL
   Lazio, TJW
   Jauncey, DL
   Lovell, JEJ
   Kedziora-Chudczer, L
AF Ojha, Roopesh
   Fey, Alan L.
   Lazio, T. Joseph W.
   Jauncey, David L.
   Lovell, James E. J.
   Kedziora-Chudczer, Lucyna
TI Scatter broadening of scintillating and nonscintillating AGNs. I. A
   multifrequency VLBA survey
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : active; galaxies : ISM; galaxies : jets; galaxies : nuclei;
   ISM : structure; quasars : general; radio continuum : galaxies; surveys
ID EXTRAGALACTIC RADIO-SOURCES; INTERSTELLAR SCINTILLATION; INTRADAY
   VARIABILITY; ANNUAL MODULATION; ANNUAL CYCLES; J1819+3845; PLASMA
AB Multiwavelength Very Long Baseline Array observations of a sample of 49 extragalactic radio sources selected from the Micro-Arcsecond Scintillation-Induced Variability survey are presented. These observations are intended to provide a sizeable, uniform data set for the investigation of angular broadening of scintillating sources. These data will be used to compare and contrast the scattering behavior of scintillating and nonscintillating radio sources in subsequent analysis. We confirm earlier analyses that found scintillating sources to be more core-dominated than nonscintillating sources.
C1 CSIRO, Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia.
   USN Observ, NVI, Washington, DC 20392 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Univ Sydney, Inst Astron, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
RP Ojha, R (reprint author), CSIRO, Australia Telescope Natl Facil, POB 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia.
NR 27
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0067-0049
J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S
JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 166
IS 1
BP 37
EP 68
DI 10.1086/505578
PG 32
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 082RD
UT WOS:000240404000002
ER

PT J
AU Landi, E
   Phillips, KJH
AF Landi, E.
   Phillips, K. J. H.
TI Chianti - An atomic database for emission lines. VIII. Comparison with
   solar flare spectra from the solar maximum mission flat crystal
   spectrometer
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE atomic data; plasmas
ID X-RAY-LINES; BENCHMARKING; ASTROPHYSICS; PLASMAS; INTENSITIES; ANGSTROM;
   RATIOS; XXIII; IONS
AB In the present work we describe the comparison of the fluxes predicted by the latest version of the CHIANTI database (version 5.2) with the observed X-ray spectra of two solar flares from the Flat Crystal Spectrometer on board the Solar Maximum Mission on 1980 August 25 and 1985 July 2. The two flares were of GOES classes M1.5 and M4.5, respectively, and were observed in the 7.47-18.97 angstrom wavelength range. The aim of the present work is to benchmark the CHIANTI database in this range in an effort to assess its accuracy and completeness. Very good agreement is found at all wavelengths, except for Fe XVIII and Fe XIX lines between 14.7 and 16.4 angstrom. These discrepancies are discussed. A list of lines recommended for future diagnostic studies of X-ray sources is presented.
C1 Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England.
RP Landi, E (reprint author), Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA.
RI Landi, Enrico/H-4493-2011
NR 34
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0067-0049
J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S
JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 166
IS 1
BP 421
EP 440
DI 10.1086/506180
PG 20
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 082RD
UT WOS:000240404000015
ER

PT J
AU Ensign, W
   Hill, N
   Heward, CB
AF Ensign, Wayne
   Hill, Nicole
   Heward, Christopher B.
TI Disparate LDL phenotypic classification among 4 different methods
   assessing LDL particle characteristics
SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; GRADIENT
   GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; CHOLESTEROL; SUBCLASSES; SINGLE; RISK;
   ULTRACENTRIFUGATION; SUBFRACTIONATION; IDENTIFICATION
AB Background: Our study seeks to clarify the extent of differences in analytical results, from a clinical perspective, among 4 leading technologies currently used in clinical reference laboratories for the analysis of LDL subfractions: gradient gel electrophoresis (GGE), ultra-centrifugation-vertical auto profile (VAP), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and tube gel electrophoresis (TGE).
   Methods: We collected 4 simultaneous blood samples from 40 persons (30 males and 10 females) to determine LDL subclasses in 4 different clinical reference laboratories using different methods for analysis. LDL subfractions were assessed according to LDL particle size and the results categorized according to LDL phenotype. We compared results obtained from the different technologies.
   Results: We observed substantial heterogeneity of results and interpretations among the 4 methods. Complete agreement among methods with respect to LDL subclass phenotyping occurred in only 8% (n = 3) of the persons studied. NMR and GGE agreed most frequently at 70% (n = 28), whereas VAP matched least often.
   Conclusions: As measurement of LDL subclasses becomes increasingly important, standardization of methods is needed. Variation among currently available methods renders them unreliable and limits their clinical usefulness. (c) 2006 American Association for Clinical Chemistry
C1 Kronos Sci Labs Inc, Phoenix, AZ 85016 USA.
   USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Heward, CB (reprint author), Kronos Sci Labs Inc, 2222 E Highland Ave,Suite 220, Phoenix, AZ 85016 USA.
EM chris.heward@kronoslaboratory.com
NR 33
TC 60
Z9 63
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA
SN 0009-9147
J9 CLIN CHEM
JI Clin. Chem.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 52
IS 9
BP 1722
EP 1727
DI 10.1373/clinchem.2005.059949
PG 6
WC Medical Laboratory Technology
SC Medical Laboratory Technology
GA 080XV
UT WOS:000240282700016
PM 16740651
ER

PT J
AU Aronen, JG
   Garrick, JG
   Chronister, RD
   McDevitt, ER
AF Aronen, John G.
   Garrick, James G.
   Chronister, Raymond D.
   McDevitt, Edward R.
TI Quadriceps contusions: Clinical results of immediate immobilization in
   120 degrees of knee flexion
SO CLINICAL JOURNAL OF SPORT MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE quadriceps contusions; immediate intervention; preserve knee motion;
   myositis ossificans
AB Objective: Quadriceps contusions often result in significant time loss and the possibility of myositis ossificans. The objective of this descriptive case series was to document the results of an initial treatment regimen instituted within 10 minutes from the time of the injury.
   Design: This study was a prospective case series of 47 midshipmen who sustained quadriceps contusions between August 1987 and December 2005 and who were treated identically and followed by serial examinations until the return to unrestricted full athletic activities.
   Setting: United States Naval Academy (USNA), Annapolis, Maryland.
   Participants: USNA midshipmen who sustained quadriceps contusions while participating in sports activities. Inclusion criteria were (1) stated inability at the time of the injury to continue participation and (2) the inability to perform a pain-free, isometric quadriceps contraction and maintain the knee in full extension with a straight lea lift.
   Interventions: On diagnosis the knee was passively flexed painlessly to 120 degrees and held continuously in that position for 24 hours. Use of the brace was discontinued at 24 hours and the midshipman was instructed to perform active, pain-free quadriceps stretching several times a day and to perform pain-free isometric quadriceps strengthening exercises as soon as possible. Goals included pain-free knee flexion and quadriceps size and firmness equal to the uninjured side.
   Main Outcome Measurements: Average time from the day of the injury to return to unrestricted full athletic activities with no disability.
   Results: The average time to return to unrestricted full athletic activities with no disability was 3.5 days (range of 2 to 5 days). Radiographic examination of the first 23 midshipmen at 3 and 6 months following the injury revealed 1 case of rnyositis ossificans.
   Conclusions: Placing and holding the knee in 120 degrees of flexion immediately following a quadriceps contusion appears to shorten the time to return to unrestricted full athletic activities compared with reports in other studies. (1,2)
C1 St Francis Mem Hosp, Ctr Sports Med, San Francisco, CA 94109 USA.
   USN Acad, Dept Orthoped Surg & Sports Med, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
   Bay Area Orthoped & Sports Med, Arnold, MD USA.
RP Aronen, JG (reprint author), 16286 Ave Suavidad, San Diego, CA 92128 USA.
EM laronen@san.rr.com
NR 2
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 5
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1050-642X
J9 CLIN J SPORT MED
JI Clin. J. Sport Med.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 16
IS 5
BP 383
EP 387
DI 10.1097/01.jsm.0000244605.34283.94
PG 5
WC Orthopedics; Physiology; Sport Sciences
SC Orthopedics; Physiology; Sport Sciences
GA 091GB
UT WOS:000241013800001
PM 17016112
ER

PT J
AU Hodyss, D
   Nathan, TR
AF Hodyss, Daniel
   Nathan, Terrence R.
TI Instability of variable media to long waves with odd dispersion
   relations
SO COMMUNICATIONS IN MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE linear instability; Hamiltonian dynamics; variable media; long waves
ID SPATIALLY DEVELOPING MEDIA
AB The instability of variable media to a broad class of long waves having dispersion relations that are an odd function of wavenumber is examined. For Hamiltonian media, new necessary conditions for the existence and structure of global modes are obtained. For non-Hamiltonian media, an analysis of the complex WKB branch points yields explicit expressions for the frequency and structure of the global modes, which manifest as spatially oscillatory wave packets or smooth envelope structures. These distinct modes and their locations within the media can be predicted by simply examining the local convergence or divergence of the group velocity in the long wave limit.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
   Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Atmospher Sci Program, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Hodyss, D (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM danhodyss@yahoo.com; trnathan@ucdavis.edu
RI Nathan, Terrence/F-5958-2011
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU INT PRESS
PI SOMERVILLE
PA PO BOX 43502, SOMERVILLE, MA 02143 USA
SN 1539-6746
J9 COMMUN MATH SCI
JI Commun. Math. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 4
IS 3
BP 669
EP 676
PG 8
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 096MU
UT WOS:000241382100010
ER

PT J
AU Ponganis, PJ
   Stockard, TK
   Levenson, DH
   Berg, L
   Baranov, EA
AF Ponganis, P. J.
   Knower Stockard, T.
   Levenson, D. H.
   Berg, L.
   Baranov, E. A.
TI Intravascular pressure profiles in elephant seals: Hypotheses on the
   caval sphincter, extradural vein and venous return to the heart
SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE
   PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE apnea; blood pressure; caval sphincter; extradural vein; heart rate;
   hepatic sinus; hemodynamics; seal
ID BLOOD-FLOW; CARDIAC-OUTPUT; PUPS; PATTERNS; APNEAS; NAIVE
AB In order to evaluate bemodynamics in the complex vascular system of phocid seals, intravascular pressure profiles were measured during periods of rest-associated apnea in young elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris). There were no significant differences between apneic and eupneic mean arterial pressures. During apnea, venous pressure profiles (pulmonary artery, thoracic portion of the vena cava (thoracic vena cava), extradural vein, and hepatic sinus) demonstrated only minor, transient fluctuations. During eupnea, all venous pressure profiles were dominated by respiratory fluctuations. During inspiration, pressures in the thoracic vena cava and extradural vein decreased -9 to -21 mm Hg, and -9 to -17 mm Hg, respectively. In contrast, hepatic sinus pressure increased 2-6 mm Hg during inspiration. Nearly constant hepatic sinus and intrathoracic vascular pressure profiles during the breath-hold period are consistent with incomplete constriction of the caval sphincter during these rest-associated apneas. During eupnea, negative inspiratory intravascular pressures in the chest ("the respiratory pump") should augment venous return via both the venae cavae and the extradural. vein. It is hypothesized that, in addition to the venae cavae, the prominent para-caval venous system of phocid seals (i.e., the extradural vein) is necessary to allow adequate venous return for maintenance of high cardiac outputs and blood pressure during eupnea. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biotechnol & Biomed, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
   USN, Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesia, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
   Russian Acad Sci, Inst Limnol, Siberian Div, Irkutsk 664003, Russia.
RP Ponganis, PJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biotechnol & Biomed, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM pponganis@ucsd.edu
NR 34
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1095-6433
J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS A
JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A-Mol. Integr. Physiol.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 145
IS 1
BP 123
EP 130
DI 10.1016/j.cbpa.2006.05.012
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology
GA 082XT
UT WOS:000240421200015
PM 16820312
ER

PT J
AU Smith, EP
   Hardaway, CA
   Graham, BS
   Johnstone, PAS
AF Smith, Eric P.
   Hardaway, Christina A.
   Graham, Bradley S.
   Johnstone, Peter A. S.
TI Folliculitis decalvans treated with radiation therapy
SO CUTIS
LA English
DT Article
AB A 33-year-old black man presented with folliculitis decalvans resistant to multiple oral and topical therapies. The patient ultimately responded to radiation therapy.
C1 USN, Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
RP Smith, EP (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Suite 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM eric.p.smith@pcola.med.navy.mil
NR 8
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC
PI PARSIPPANY
PA 7 CENTURY DRIVE, STE 302, PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054-4603 USA
SN 0011-4162
J9 CUTIS
JI Cutis
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 78
IS 3
BP 162
EP 164
PG 3
WC Dermatology
SC Dermatology
GA 087AY
UT WOS:000240715800003
PM 17036658
ER

PT J
AU Castle, TN
AF Castle, Timothy N.
TI Thailand's secret war: The free Thai, OSS, and SOE during World War II.
SO DIPLOMATIC HISTORY
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 USN, War Coll, Newport, RI USA.
RP Castle, TN (reprint author), USN, War Coll, Newport, RI USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0145-2096
J9 DIPLOMATIC HIST
JI Dipl. Hist.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 30
IS 4
BP 779
EP 782
PG 4
WC History
SC History
GA 076DD
UT WOS:000239936300010
ER

PT J
AU Kim, B
   Gel, ES
   Fowler, JW
   Carlyle, WM
   Wallenius, J
AF Kim, B
   Gel, ES
   Fowler, JW
   Carlyle, WM
   Wallenius, J
TI Evaluation of nondominated solution sets for k-objective optimization
   problems: An exact method and approximations
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE multiple objective programming; combinatorial optimization;
   metaheuristics
ID CRITERIA; VECTORS; REGIONS
AB Integrated Preference Functional (IPF) is a set functional that, given a discrete set of points for a multiple objective optimization problem, assigns a numerical value to that point set. This value provides a quantitative measure for comparing different sets of points generated by solution procedures for difficult multiple objective optimization problems. We introduced the IPF for bi-criteria optimization problems in [Carlyle, W.M., Fowler, J.W., Gel, E., Kim, B., 2003. Quantitative comparison of approximate solution sets for bi-criteria optimization problems. Decision Sciences 34 (1), 63-82]. As indicated in that paper, the computational effort to obtain IPF is negligible for bi-criteria problems. For three or more objective function cases, however, the exact calculation of IPF is computationally demanding, since this requires k (>= 3) dimensional integration.
   In this paper, we suggest a theoretical framework for obtaining IPF for k (>= 3) objectives. The exact method includes solving two main sub-problems: (1) finding the optimality region of weights for all potentially optimal points, and (2) computing volumes of k dimensional convex polytopes. Several different algorithms for both sub-problems can be found in the literature. We use existing methods from computational geometry (i.e., triangulation and convex hull algorithms) to develop a reasonable exact method for obtaining IPF. We have also experimented with a Monte Carlo approximation method and compared the results to those with the exact IPF method. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
   USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
   Helsinki Sch Econ, FIN-00100 Helsinki, Finland.
RP Gel, ES (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, POB 875906, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM bosun.kim@asu.edu; esma.gel@asu.edu; john.fowler@asu.edu;
   mcarlyle@nps.navy.mil; walleniu@hkkk.fi
RI Fowler, John/E-9426-2011
OI Fowler, John/0000-0002-7112-8031
NR 20
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-2217
J9 EUR J OPER RES
JI Eur. J. Oper. Res.
PD SEP 1
PY 2006
VL 173
IS 2
BP 565
EP 582
DI 10.1016/j.ejor.2005.01.029
PG 18
WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science
SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science
GA 053AW
UT WOS:000238276900014
ER

PT J
AU Mungan, CE
AF Mungan, Carl E.
TI Energy-based solution for the speed of a ball moving vertically with
   drag
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID AIR RESISTANCE
AB Determining the speed of a ball as a function of its height after it is launched straight upward in the absence of fluid resistance is a standard problem treated at all levels of introductory physics. Inclusion of drag in the problem is seldom covered even in the introductory course for majors. But, in fact, this problem can be solved via a straightforward application of the work-energy theorem for either linear or quadratic drag, and instructively plotted on graphs of kinetic versus potential energy.
C1 USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Mungan, CE (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM mungan@usna.edu
NR 9
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0143-0807
J9 EUR J PHYS
JI Eur. J. Phys.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 5
BP 1141
EP 1146
DI 10.1088/0143-0807/27/5/013
PG 6
WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Education & Educational Research; Physics
GA 075BP
UT WOS:000239857500013
ER

PT J
AU Loftis, AD
   Reeves, WK
   Szumlas, DE
   Abbassy, MM
   Helmy, IM
   Moriarity, JR
   Dasch, GA
AF Loftis, Amanda D.
   Reeves, Will K.
   Szumlas, Daniel E.
   Abbassy, Magda M.
   Helmy, Ibrahim M.
   Moriarity, John R.
   Dasch, Gregory A.
TI Rickettsial agents in Egyptian ticks collected from domestic animals
SO EXPERIMENTAL AND APPLIED ACAROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Acari; PCR; rickettsiales; zoonotic diseases; veterinary; Egypt
ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; BOOPHILUS-MICROPLUS TICKS; FEVER GROUP
   RICKETTSIAE; EHRLICHIA-CHAFFEENSIS; ANAPLASMA-MARGINALE; SOUTH-AFRICA;
   INFECTION; DNA; BLOOD; IDENTIFICATION
AB To assess the presence of rickettsial pathogens in ticks from Egypt, we collected ticks from domestic and peridomestic animals between June 2002 and July 2003. DNA extracts from 1019 ticks were tested, using PCR and sequencing, for Anaplasma spp., Bartonella spp., Coxiella burnetii, Ehrlichia spp., and Rickettsia spp. Ticks included: 29 Argas persicus, 10 Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum, 55 Hyalomma anatolicum excavatum, 174 Hyalomma dromedarii, 2 Hyalomma impeltatum, 3 Hyalomma marginatum rufipes, 55 unidentified nymphal Hyalomma, 625 Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus, 49 Rhipicephalus sanguineus, and 17 Rhipicephalus turanicus. Ticks were collected predominantly (> 80%) from buffalo, cattle, and camels, with smaller numbers from chicken and rabbit sheds, sheep, foxes, a domestic dog, a hedgehog, and a black rat. We detected Anaplasma marginale, Coxiella burnetii, Rickettsia aeschlimannii, and four novel genotypes similar to: "Anaplasma platys," Ehrlichia canis, Ehrlichia spp. reported from Asian ticks, and a Rickettsiales endosymbiont of Ixodes ricinus.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral & Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
   USN, Dis Vector Ecol & Control Ctr, Jacksonville, FL USA.
   USN, Med Res Unit 3, Vector Biol Res Program, FPO, AE 09835 USA.
RP Loftis, AD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral & Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-13, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM aloftis@cdc.gov
RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; 
OI Dasch, Gregory/0000-0001-6090-1810
NR 54
TC 54
Z9 60
U1 2
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-8162
J9 EXP APPL ACAROL
JI Exp. Appl. Acarol.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 40
IS 1
BP 67
EP 81
DI 10.1007/s10493-006-9025-2
PG 15
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 094EV
UT WOS:000241223200005
PM 17004028
ER

PT J
AU Hu, J
   Gao, JB
   Posner, FL
   Zheng, Y
   Tung, WW
AF Hu, Jing
   Gao, Jianbo
   Posner, Fred L.
   Zheng, Yi
   Tung, Wen-Wen
TI Target detection within sea clutter: A comparative study by fractal
   scaling analyses
SO FRACTALS-COMPLEX GEOMETRY PATTERNS AND SCALING IN NATURE AND SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE fractal; pattern recognition; sea clutter; target detection
ID LOW GRAZING ANGLES; RADAR TARGETS; 1/F NOISE; CHAOTIC DYNAMICS;
   NEURAL-NETWORK; SURFACE; IMAGES; SEQUENCES; DIMENSION; SPECTRUM
AB Sea clutter refers to the radar returns from a patch of ocean surface. Accurate modeling of sea clutter and robust detection of low observable targets within sea clutter are important problems in remote sensing and radar signal processing applications. Due to lack of fundamental understanding of the nature of sea clutter, however, no simple and effective methods for detecting targets within sea clutter have been proposed. To help solve this important problem, we apply three types of fractal scaling analyses, fluctuation analysis (FA), detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA), and the wavelet-based fractal. scaling analysis to study sea clutter. Our analyses show that sea clutter data exhibit fractal behaviors in the time scale range of about 0.01 seconds to a few seconds. The physical significance of these time scales is discussed. We emphasize that time scales characterizing fractal scaling break are among the most important features for detecting patterns using fractal theory. By systematically studying 392 sea clutter time series measured under various sea and weather conditions, we find very effective methods for detecting targets within sea clutter. Based on the data available to us, the accuracy of these methods is close to 100%.
C1 Univ Florida, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Purdue Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Hu, J (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM jhu@ecel.ufl.edu; gao@ece.ufl.edu
NR 57
TC 28
Z9 34
U1 0
U2 10
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE
SN 0218-348X
J9 FRACTALS
JI Fractals-Complex Geom. Patterns Scaling Nat. Soc.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 14
IS 3
BP 187
EP 204
DI 10.1142/S0218348X06003210
PG 18
WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Mathematics; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 097EO
UT WOS:000241429900005
ER

PT J
AU Beranek, MW
   Avak, AR
   Van Deven, RL
AF Beranek, Mark W.
   Avak, Anthony R.
   Van Deven, Roger L.
TI Military digital avionics fiber-optic network design for maintainability
   and supportability
SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
C1 USN, Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD USA.
RP Beranek, MW (reprint author), USN, Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD USA.
NR 3
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 8
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0885-8985
J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG
JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 9
BP 18
EP 24
DI 10.1109/MAES.2006.1705166
PG 7
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 089LQ
UT WOS:000240882500004
ER

PT J
AU Hayes-Roth, R
AF Hayes-Roth, Rick
TI Puppetry vs. creationism: Why AI must cross the chasm
SO IEEE INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Informat Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hayes-Roth, R (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Informat Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM hayes-roth@nps.edu
NR 3
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA
SN 1541-1672
J9 IEEE INTELL SYST
JI IEEE Intell. Syst.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 5
BP 7
EP 9
PG 3
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical &
   Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA 093JB
UT WOS:000241163500004
ER

PT J
AU Sample, JT
   Ladner, R
   Shulman, L
   Ioup, E
   Petry, F
   Warner, E
   Shaw, K
   McCreedy, FP
AF Sample, John T.
   Ladner, Roy
   Shulman, Lev
   Ioup, Elias
   Petry, Fred
   Warner, Elizabeth
   Shaw, Kevin
   McCreedy, Frank P.
TI Enhancing the US Navy's GIDB portal with Web services
SO IEEE INTERNET COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
AB Using Web services, the authors have been able to increase the amount of data accessible through the Naval Research Laboratory's Geospatial Information Database (GIDB) portal. They created a Web crawler for Web Mapping Services (WMS) that harvests and adds data to the portal index and a translator that provides access to non-WMS data through the WMS interface. The Integrated Web Services Broker, using traditional Web services standards, provides automated access to meteorological and oceanographic data.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Sample, JT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM sample@nrlssc.navy.mil; rladner@nrlssc.navy.mil; lshulma1@uno.edu;
   eioup@nrlssc.navy.mil; fpetry@nrlssc.navy.mil; ewarner@nrlssc.navy.mil;
   shavv@nrlssc.navy.mil; frank.mccreedy@nrlssc.navy.mil
RI Petry, Frederick/F-9894-2010
NR 6
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA
SN 1089-7801
J9 IEEE INTERNET COMPUT
JI IEEE Internet Comput.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2006
VL 10
IS 5
BP 53
EP 60
DI 10.1109/MIC.2006.96
PG 8
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 086NB
UT WOS:000240679200008
ER

PT J
AU Campillo, AL
   Bucholtz, F
AF Campillo, Anthony L.
   Bucholtz, Frank
TI Increased nonlinear crosstalk in analog wavelength-division-multiplexed
   links due to the chromatic dispersion of optical filters
SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE analog systems; crosstalk; optical filters; wavelength-division
   multiplexing (WDM)
ID LIGHTWAVE SYSTEMS
AB The effect of the chromatic dispersion of an interference filter on the nonlinear crosstalk in a wavelength-divisionmultiplexed microwave photonic system is investigated. For a simple two-channel pump-probe system with 200-GHz channel spacing, a crosstalk variation of greater than 30 dB is observed as the wavelength of the probe is varied across the flat-top region of the filter. The crosstalk is correlated with the dispersion of the filter and a variation of less than 7% of the filter width is observed to increase the crosstalk by 10 dB. An analytical model for calculating the crosstalk is presented.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Campillo, AL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM amthony.l.campillo@ccs.nrl.navy.mil
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 1041-1135
J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L
JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2006
VL 18
IS 17-20
BP 2014
EP 2016
DI 10.1109/LPT.2006.882229
PG 3
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA 097HP
UT WOS:000241438300073
ER

PT J
AU Antoniades, N
   Reichmann, KC
   Iannone, PP
   Frigo, NJ
   Levine, AM
   Roudas, I
AF Antoniades, N.
   Reichmann, Kenneth C.
   Iannone, Patrick P.
   Frigo, Nicholas J.
   Levine, A. M.
   Roudas, I.
TI The impact of polarization-dependent gain on the design of cascaded
   semiconductor optical amplifier CWDM systems
SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE amplifiers; networks; optical communications; polarization-dependent
   gain (PDG)
AB We derive an engineering methodology and study the impact of polarization-dependent gain (PDG) on the design of cascaded semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA)-based coarse wavelength-division-multiplexing systems. System specifications can be determined based on receiver optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) requirements and cascaded-SOA OSNR penalty calculations that include a simplified model to calculate PDG statistics.
C1 CUNY Coll Staten Isl, Engn Sci & Phys Dept, Staten Isl, NY 10371 USA.
   AT&T Labs Res, Middletown, NJ 07748 USA.
   USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
   Univ Patras, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Patras 26500, Greece.
RP Antoniades, N (reprint author), CUNY Coll Staten Isl, Engn Sci & Phys Dept, Staten Isl, NY 10371 USA.
EM antoniades@mail.csi.cuny.edu
NR 5
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 1041-1135
J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L
JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2006
VL 18
IS 17-20
BP 2099
EP 2101
DI 10.1109/LPT.2006.883187
PG 3
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA 097HP
UT WOS:000241438300100
ER

PT J
AU Borden, B
AF Borden, Brett
TI On the fractional wideband and narrowband ambiguity function in radar
   and sonar
SO IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE ambiguity; fractional Fourier transform; wide-band
ID FOURIER-TRANSFORM
AB We construct the wideband ambiguity function for signals represented by their fractional Fourier transforms. Because the reflected signal must be represented as a Doppler scaled version of the transmitted signal, this wideband form of ambiguity does not enjoy many of the same properties as the narrowband form (which is formed from a Doppler shifted version of the signal). We present the general result and also examine an approximation appropriate to wideband signals. reflected from slowly moving targets.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Borden, B (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
NR 7
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 1070-9908
J9 IEEE SIGNAL PROC LET
JI IEEE Signal Process. Lett.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 13
IS 9
BP 545
EP 548
DI 10.1109/LSP.2006.874436
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 076SB
UT WOS:000239976900008
ER

PT J
AU Jin, N
   Chung, SY
   Yu, RH
   Heyns, RM
   Berger, PR
   Thompson, PE
AF Jin, Niu
   Chung, Sung-Yong
   Yu, Ronghua
   Heyns, Roux M.
   Berger, Paul R.
   Thompson, Phillip E.
TI The effect of spacer thicknesses on Si-based resonant interband
   tunneling diode performance and their application to low-power tunneling
   diode SRAM circuits
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
LA English
DT Article
DE resonant interband tunneling diodes (RITD); Si; SiGe; SRAM;
   tunneling-based SRAM (TSRAM)
ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; MIXED-SIGNAL APPLICATIONS; TEMPERATURE;
   OPERATION; KA/CM(2); DENSITY; GROWTH
AB Si-based resonant interband tunneling diodes (RITD) with spacer thicknesses varying from 1 to 16 nm were grown and fabricated. The effect of, spacer thickness on the peak-to-valley current ratio (PVCR), peak current density J(p), and voltage swing was studied. By increasing the tunnelling spacer thickness up to 16 run, RITDs with a Jp of as low as 20 mA/cm(2) with an associated PVCR of 1.6 were obtained, which are suitable for low-power tunnel diode SRAM applications. With the previously reported highest RITD Jp of 218 kA/cm(2), a J(p) spanning nearly seven orders of magnitude can be obtained by engineering the tunneling spacer thickness and doping densities, thus demonstrating tremendous flexibility to optimize J(p) for different circuit applications (logic, memory, and mixed-signal). Using a low-current-density RITD developed in this paper, a bread-boarded one-transistor tunneling-based SRAM (TSRAM) memory cell with low standby power consumption was demonstrated. This is the first report of a Si-based TSRAM memory circuit using Si-based RITDs. The result demonstrates the potential of Si-based tunnel diodes for low-power memory applications.
C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
   Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Jin, N (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Micro & Nanotechnol Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM pberger@ieee.org
RI Berger, Paul/I-4063-2014
OI Berger, Paul/0000-0002-2656-2349
NR 26
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9383
J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV
JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 53
IS 9
BP 2243
EP 2249
DI 10.1109/TED.2006.879678
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 078BQ
UT WOS:000240076500032
ER

PT J
AU Corzine, KA
   Lu, SA
   Fikse, TH
AF Corzine, Keith A.
   Lu, Shuai
   Fikse, Tom H.
TI Distributed control of hybrid motor drives
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE International Symposium on Diagnostics for Electrical Machines,
   Power Electronics and Drives
CY SEP 07-09, 2005
CL Vienna, AUSTRIA
DE commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) motor drive
ID MULTILEVEL INVERTERS; MODULATION
AB The hybrid inverter fed motor drive with two cascaded multilevel inverters is an attractive option for high performance high power applications such as naval ship propulsion systems due to a number of unique features. There is a natural split between a higher-voltage lower-frequency "bulk" inverter and a lower-voltage higher-frequency "conditioning" inverter in the cascaded system which matches the availability of semiconductor devices. Furthermore, the bulk inverter may be a commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) motor drive meaning that only the conditioning inverter needs to be custom made. However, a drive involving a COTS bulk inverter would require a distributed conditioning inverter control which works completely independent of the bulk inverter control. In this paper, a set of distributed control methods are developed for the hybrid inverter drive with cascaded bulk and conditioning inverters, requiring only single dc source. Moreover, a solution to the practical problem of instant synchronization between the two inverters is presented. Laboratory measurements on a 3.7-kW induction motor drive validate the proposed control. Various practical considerations (such as low m-index performance and capacitor precharging options) are discussed and their solutions provided.
C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
   USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Philadelphia, PA 19112 USA.
RP Corzine, KA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
EM keith@corzine.net
NR 17
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0885-8993
J9 IEEE T POWER ELECTR
JI IEEE Trans. Power Electron.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 5
BP 1374
EP 1384
DI 10.1109/TPEL.2006.880269
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 084XJ
UT WOS:000240567400023
ER

PT J
AU Babich, YV
   Feigelson, BN
AF Babich, Yu. V.
   Feigelson, B. N.
TI Distribution of nitrogen-related defects in diamond single crystals
   grown under nonisothermal conditions
SO INORGANIC MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID HPHT SYNTHETIC DIAMONDS; INFRARED-ABSORPTION; AGGREGATION; NICKEL;
   IMPURITIES; CENTERS
AB Experimental data are presented on the distribution of nitrogen-related defects in synthetic diamond single crystals grown by the temperature-gradient method in the Fe-Ni-C system at p = 6.0 GPa and a temperature varied stepwise in the range 1370 to 1550 degrees C. The sectorial and zonal structures of plates cut from the crystals are investigated, and the concentration profiles of C, A, and N+ centers are obtained using Fourier transform IR spectroscopy. The zonal and sectorial variations in the concentrations of nitrogen centers and total nitrogen are analyzed. The total nitrogen concentration in the structure of diamond is shown to increase by 50-60 ppm as the temperature is lowered by 100 degrees C. The conclusion is drawn that, at a constant composition of the system, the temperature (as well as its variation with time) plays a key role in determining the rate of nitrogen incorporation into the structure of diamond and subsequent transformations of nitrogen-related defects.
C1 Russian Acad Sci, Inst Minerol & Petrog, Siberian Div, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
   USN, Res Lab, Geo Ctr, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Babich, YV (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Minerol & Petrog, Siberian Div, Pr Akad Koptyuga 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
EM BabichYV@uiggm.nsc.ru
RI Babich, Yuri/A-5655-2014
NR 16
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA
SN 0020-1685
J9 INORG MATER+
JI Inorg. Mater.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 42
IS 9
BP 971
EP 975
DI 10.1134/S0020168506090081
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 091TK
UT WOS:000241051000008
ER

PT J
AU Sanchez, SM
   Moeeni, F
   Sanchez, PJ
AF Sanchez, SM
   Moeeni, F
   Sanchez, PJ
TI So many factors, so little time . . . - Simulation experiments in the
   frequency domain
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION ECONOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE just-in-time manufacturing; production planning; design of experiments
ID DESIGN; KANBAN; SYSTEM
AB We illustrate how an efficient methodology called frequency domain experimentation can be used to gain better insight into the behavior of production systems. With the full factorial designs commonly used for simulation experiments, the number of runs grows exponentially with the number of factors involved, while the run length remains constant. In frequency domain experiments, the number of runs is independent of the number of factors, while the required run lengths increase relatively slowly. We describe the method, illustrate its effectiveness at identifying important main effects, two-way interactions, and quadratic terms for a known model, demonstrate the approach by evaluating a kanban system involving 34 factors, and provide links to software. We also present computational requirements for running simulation experiments that combine a batch means approach with efficient run-oriented designs for a variety of systems. The results indicate that frequency domain experiments perform very favorably for systems, such as queueing networks, where the simulation's output stream exhibits high positive autocorrelation. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
   USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
   Arkansas State Univ, Dept Comp & Informat Technol, State Univ, AR 72467 USA.
   USN, Postgrad Sch, Operat Res Dept, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Sanchez, SM (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM ssanchez@nps.edu; moeeni@astate.edu; PaulSanchez@nps.edu
NR 29
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0925-5273
J9 INT J PROD ECON
JI Int. J. Prod. Econ.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 103
IS 1
BP 149
EP 165
DI 10.1016/j.ijpe.2005.06.007
PG 17
WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Operations Research
   & Management Science
SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science
GA 060EN
UT WOS:000238785300013
ER

PT J
AU Phillips, WF
   Niewoehner, RJ
AF Phillips, W. F.
   Niewoehner, R. J.
TI Effect of propeller torque on minimum-control airspeed
SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT
LA English
DT Article
AB Relations are developed for absolute static minimum-control airspeed, without the bank angle restrictions imposed on manned aircraft by regulatory agencies. Absolute static minimum-control airspeed can be important in the design of modern unmanned aerial vehicles, because autonomous computer controlled flight systems do not impose the same constraints as those imposed by human pilots. It is shown that, for a three-channel unmanned aerial vehicle, absolute static minimum-control airspeed always provides the critical constraint for static minimum-control airspeed. Even for the case of a conventional aircraft configuration with both rudder and ailerons, absolute static minimum-control airspeed can be a critical concern for small high-powered propeller-driven unmanned aerial vehicles.
C1 Utah State Univ, Mech & Aerosp Engn Dept, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
   USN Acad, Aerosp Engn Dept, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Phillips, WF (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Mech & Aerosp Engn Dept, 4130 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0021-8669
J9 J AIRCRAFT
JI J. Aircr.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2006
VL 43
IS 5
BP 1393
EP 1398
DI 10.2514/1.20303
PG 6
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 100EH
UT WOS:000241650100019
ER

PT J
AU Pershing, LK
   Nelson, JL
   Corlett, JL
   Briggs, GB
   Still, KR
   Jederberg, WW
AF Pershing, Lynn K.
   Nelson, Joel L.
   Corlett, Judy L.
   Briggs, G. Bruce
   Still, Kenneth R.
   Jederberg, Warren W.
TI Disposition and pharmacokinetics of a lubricant contaminant
   2,6-di-tert-butyl 4-nitrophenol, in grafted human skin
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE human; skin; assay; HPLC; pharmacokinetics; risk assessment;
   contaminant; DBNP; toxicology; animal model
ID ATHYMIC NUDE-MICE; IN-VIVO; PENETRATION; MICONAZOLE; MOUSE; CREAM; MODEL
AB Disposition and uptake/elimination profiles of topical 2,6-di-t-butyl, 4-nitrophenol (DBNP), the nitrated metabolite of an antioxidant additive of lubricant and hydraulic fluids was quantified in human skin grafted on athymic mice after a single topical 75 mu g dose in corn oil. DBNP was quantified throughout the stratum corneum (SC), epidermis (E) and dermis (D) in punch biopsies collected from treated skin 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 24 h after application. SC samples were harvested from the treated skin with 20 adhesive discs. E and D were generated from the biopsy using a manual sectioning method. Detectable DBNP concentrations were measured in all skin compartments at all time points investigated. The C.of DBNP in SC was 1663 +/- 602 mu g cm(-1), and similar to 30 and similar to 300 fold greater than the C-max for E and D, respectively. T.R. occurred at 1.0, 0.5 and 1.0 in the SC, E and D, respectively. Over a 24 h interval (AUCO-24h) there was 52 and 520 fold more DBNP in the SC than E and D, respectively. The elimination half-life of DBNP was It h from the SC and 9 h from both E and D. Thus, DBMP was quickly absorbed into the outermost layer of skin and established a steep concentration profile through human skin. The data are consistent with the vast majority of DBNP remaining on the surface (77%) or within human skin (15%) in vivo with only 0.2% of the DBNP dose quantified in the systemic blood circulation. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA.
   Geocenters Inc, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA.
   Naval Hlth Res Ctr Toxicol Detachment NHRC TD, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA.
RP Pershing, LK (reprint author), Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, 30 N 1900 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA.
EM Lynn.Pershing@hsc.utah.edu
NR 25
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 6
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0260-437X
J9 J APPL TOXICOL
JI J. Appl. Toxicol.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2006
VL 26
IS 5
BP 402
EP 409
DI 10.1002/jat.1153
PG 8
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 086JE
UT WOS:000240668800003
PM 16835940
ER

PT J
AU Kwon, SW
   Smith, WL
   Lee, SW
AF Kwon, S. W.
   Smith, W. L.
   Lee, S. W.
TI Thermo-viscoplastic modeling of composites exposed to fire or high
   temperature
SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE thermo-viscoplastic model; fire; off-axis angle test; AS4/PEEK;
   E-glass/vinylester; glass transition temperature
ID CARBON-CARBON COMPOSITES; THERMAL RESPONSE; THERMOMECHANICAL BEHAVIOR;
   THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITE; POLYMER COMPOSITES; FIBER COMPOSITES;
   DEGRADATION
AB This article presents a study on composites exposed to elevated temperatures associated with fire. A thermo-viscoplastic model is proposed for description of the rate-dependent and temperature-dependent behavior of composites at elevated temperatures. AS4/PEEK and E-glass/vinylester composites are chosen to examine the proposed model. Thermo-viscoplastic parameters of the proposed model were determined for each material using experimental data. Off-axis angle tests were performed with various strain rates at various temperatures for E-glass/vinylester woven composite, while experimental data available from literatures were used for AS4/PEEK unidirectional composite. Comparison of the results from the proposed model with experimental data shows good agreement. Also, a few interesting points observed during this study, such as the material behavior near the glass transition temperature, the failure mechanism, and the effect of charring are discussed.
C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
   USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
RP Lee, SW (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM lee@eng.umd.edu
NR 25
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 10
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0021-9983
J9 J COMPOS MATER
JI J. Compos Mater.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 40
IS 18
BP 1607
EP 1624
DI 10.1177/0021998306060164
PG 18
WC Materials Science, Composites
SC Materials Science
GA 089ER
UT WOS:000240863600001
ER

PT J
AU Beran, PS
   Pettit, CL
   Millman, DR
AF Beran, Philip S.
   Pettit, Chris L.
   Millman, Daniel R.
TI Uncertainty quantification of limit-cycle oscillations
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE uncertainty quantification; stochastic expansion; polynomial chaos
   expansion; harmonic balance; limit cycle oscillation; aeroelastic
ID STOCHASTIC DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; GENERALIZED POLYNOMIAL CHAOS;
   EXPANSIONS
AB Different computational methodologies have been developed to quantify the uncertain response of a relatively simple aeroelastic system in limit-cycle oscillation, subject to parametric variability. The aeroelastic system is that of a rigid airfoil, supported by pitch and plunge structural coupling, with nonlinearities in the component in pitch. The nonlinearities are adjusted to permit the formation of a either a subcritical or supercritical branch of limit-cycle oscillations. Uncertainties are specified in the cubic coefficient of the torsional spring and in the initial pitch angle of the airfoil. Stochastic projections of the time-domain and cyclic equations governing system response are carried out, leading to both intrusive and non-intrusive computational formulations. Non-intrusive formulations are examined using stochastic projections derived from Wiener expansions involving Haar wavelet and B-spline bases, while Wiener-Hermite expansions of the cyclic equations are employed intrusively and non-intrusively. Application of the B-spline stochastic projection is extended to the treatment of aerodynamic nonlinearities, as modeled through the discrete Euler equations. The methodologies are compared in terms of computational cost, convergence properties, ease of implementation, and potential for application to complex aeroelastic systems. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 VASD, AFRL, Multidisciplinary Technol Ctr, Air Vehicles Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
   USAF, TPS, EDT, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
RP Beran, PS (reprint author), VASD, AFRL, Multidisciplinary Technol Ctr, Air Vehicles Directorate, Bldg 146,2210 8th St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM philip.beran@wpafb.af.mil; pettitcl@usna.edu;
   daniel.millman@edwards.af.mil
RI Pettit, Chris/A-1073-2010
NR 41
TC 60
Z9 62
U1 2
U2 10
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0021-9991
J9 J COMPUT PHYS
JI J. Comput. Phys.
PD SEP 1
PY 2006
VL 217
IS 1
BP 217
EP 247
DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2006.03.038
PG 31
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA 075SC
UT WOS:000239904500013
ER

PT J
AU Swope, KJ
   Schmitt, PM
AF Swope, Kurtis J.
   Schmitt, Pamela M.
TI The performance of economics graduates over the entire curriculum: The
   determinants of success
SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC EDUCATION
LA English
DT Article
DE economic education; performance; personality
ID STUDENT PERFORMANCE; PERSONALITY TYPE; PRINCIPLES
AB Most studies of the determinants of understanding in economics focus on performance in a single course or standardized exam. Taking advantage of a large data set available at the U.S. Naval Academy (USNA), the authors examined the performance of economics majors over an entire curriculum. They found that gender was not a significant predictor of grade point average in economics courses, but grades of male minority students were lower than their counterparts'. The USNA dataset also provides information on Scholastic Aptitude Test scores and personality variables, allowing exploration of their influence on performance. Students characterized as "judging types" (described as decisive, organized, and self-regimented) generally performed better than did students characterized as "perceiving types" (described as curious, adaptable, and spontaneous).
C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Swope, KJ (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM swope@usna.edu
NR 15
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU HELDREF PUBLICATIONS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1319 EIGHTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-1802 USA
SN 0022-0485
J9 J ECON EDUC
JI J. Econ. Educ.
PD FAL
PY 2006
VL 37
IS 4
BP 387
EP 394
DI 10.3200/JECE.37.4.387-394
PG 8
WC Economics; Education & Educational Research
SC Business & Economics; Education & Educational Research
GA 101QF
UT WOS:000241754800001
ER

PT J
AU Shan, JW
   Atsavapranee, P
   Chang, PA
   Wilson, WM
   Verosoto, S
AF Shan, Jerry W.
   Atsavapranee, Paisan
   Chang, Peter A.
   Wilson, Wesley M.
   Verosoto, Stephan
TI Characteristics of fuel droplets discharged from a compensated
   fuel/ballast tank
SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
ID IMMISCIBLE INTERFACE; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; FLOW; JET
AB Fuel droplets, formed by the interaction of fuel plumes with a water/fuel interface, can be discharged during the refueling of water-filled compensated fuel/ballast tanks. Motivated by increasingly stringent environmental regulations, a study was initiated to understand the physical mechanisms involved in the formation and transport of fuel droplets by complex immiscible flows inside a model tank. In particular optical measurements were made of the size distribution of fuel droplets in water discharged from a three-bay model of a compensated fuel/ballast tank. The volumetric fuel concentration of discharge from the tank was inferred from measurements of droplet size and number. Flow visualizations inside the model were coupled to optical measurements of fuel droplets at the tank outlet to show that the presence of fuel in the discharged water was correlated to the formation of fuel plumes within the water-filled tank. The size distribution of fuel droplets at the tank exit is found to differ from the size distribution reported, for the generation zone (near the fuel plumes) inside the tank. Thus, the advection of fuel droplets from the generation zone to the tank outlet is shown to affect the characteristics of discharged fuel droplets. The transport process specifically prevents large-diameter droplets from reaching the tank exit. Buoyancy tends to cause larger fuel droplets generated within the tank to rise and separate out of the flow before they can be discharged. The buoyancy time, tau(b)(D), relative to the characteristic advection time, tau(a), of fuel droplets is a key parameter in predicting the fate of fuel droplets. The influence of buoyancy on the size distribution of discharged droplets was found to be modeled reasonably well by a Butterworth filter that depends on the ratio of timescales tau(a)/tau(b)(D). This model, which relates the size distribution of discharged droplets to generated droplets, is found to produce the correct qualitative behavior that larger fuel droplets are discharged when the fuel plumes move closer to the tank exit, i.e., for decreasing advection time tau(a).
C1 Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
RP Shan, JW (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0098-2202
J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME
JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 128
IS 5
BP 893
EP 902
DI 10.1115/1.2234780
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 088JL
UT WOS:000240807900001
ER

PT J
AU Phongikaroon, S
   Judd, KP
AF Phongikaroon, Supathorn
   Judd, K. Peter
TI Surfactant effects on the free surface thermal structure and subsurface
   flow in a wind-wave tunnel
SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
ID REYNOLDS RIDGE; MOVING WATER; MONOLAYER; LINES; FILM
AB In this study, the dynamic effects of surfactant (oleyl alcohol) on the surface temperature and the near surface velocity field of a wind driven free surface are investigated. Different surfactant concentrations and wind speeds were examined to elucidate the flow physics. The water surface was imaged with an infrared (IR) detector and the subsurface flow was interrogated utilizing digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV). The IR imagery reveals the presence of a Reynolds ridge that demarcates the boundary between clean (hot) fluid and contaminated (cold) fluid. The clean region was found to be composed of laminae structures known as fishscales. A "wake region" which is ail intermediate temperature region resulting from mixing of the near surface fluid layers develops behind the ridge. Experimental results from infrared imagery indicate that the fishscales in the clean region become elongated and narrowed as the wind speed increases. In addition, the results reveal that higher wind speed is required to,form a Reynolds ridge in the presence of higher surfactant concentration. The plots of the surface temperature probability density functions reveal that these thermal structures undergo the same evaporative process while the increase in wind speed enhances this process. DPIV results reveal that the growth of a subsurface boundary layer for the contaminated case is more pronounced than that for the clean case.
C1 USN, Coastal & Ocean Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Phongikaroon, S (reprint author), Idaho Natl Engn Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA.
EM supathorn.phongikaroon@inl.gov
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0098-2202
J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME
JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 128
IS 5
BP 913
EP 920
DI 10.1115/1.2234781
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 088JL
UT WOS:000240807900003
ER

PT J
AU Brennan, T
AF Brennan, Thomas
TI Peasants and debt in eighteenth-century champagne
SO JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY HISTORY
LA English
DT Article
ID PARIS
AB Recent scholarship about debt in early-modern Europe has replaced an old model of misery and exploitation with a new paradigm that emphasizes the entrepreneurial rationale for going into debt. Reassessment of these arguments on the basis of detailed information about 5,000 rural households in France finds that debt posed a high risk of ruin to nearly half of the region's debtors and that viticulture played a unique role in stimulating a borrowing frenzy in the countryside.
C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Brennan, T (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
NR 44
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU M I T PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 238 MAIN STREET, STE 500, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142-1046 USA
SN 0022-1953
J9 J INTERDISCIPL HIST
JI J. Interdiscip. Hist.
PD FAL
PY 2006
VL 37
IS 2
BP 175
EP +
DI 10.1162/jinh.2006.37.2.175
PG 27
WC History
SC History
GA 086MW
UT WOS:000240678700001
ER

PT J
AU Mendoza, EG
   Smith, KA
AF Mendoza, Enrique G.
   Smith, Katherine A.
TI Quantitative implications of a debt-deflation theory of Sudden Stops and
   asset prices
SO JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE emerging markets; sudden stops; collateral constraints; margin calls;
   trading costs; asset-pricing; fisherian debt-deflation
ID RISK; CONSTRAINTS; CYCLES
AB This paper shows that the quantitative predictions of an equilibrium asset-pricing model with financial frictions are consistent with key features of the Sudden Stop phenomenon. Foreign traders incur costs in trading assets with domestic agents, and a collateral constraint limits external debt to a fraction of the market value of domestic equity holdings. When this constraint does not bind, standard productivity shocks cause typical real-business-cycle effects. When it binds, the same shocks cause strikingly different effects depending on the leverage ratio and asset market liquidity. With high leverage and a liquid market, the shocks force "fire sales" of assets and Fisher's debt-deflation mechanism amplifies the responses of asset prices, consumption and the current account. Precautionary saving makes these Sudden Stops infrequent in the long run. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Econ, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
   NBER, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
   USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Mendoza, EG (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Econ, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM mendozae@econ.umd.edu
RI fungsen, chan/H-1983-2016
NR 40
TC 40
Z9 40
U1 1
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1996
J9 J INT ECON
JI J. Int. Econ.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 70
IS 1
BP 82
EP 114
DI 10.1016/j.jinteco.2005.06.016
PG 33
WC Economics
SC Business & Economics
GA 087QC
UT WOS:000240756100004
ER

PT J
AU Arfsten, DP
   Garrett, CM
   Jederberg, WW
   Wilfong, ER
   McDougal, JN
AF Arfsten, Darryl P.
   Garrett, Carol M.
   Jederberg, Warren W.
   Wilfong, Erin R.
   McDougal, James N.
TI Characterization of the skin penetration of a hydrocarbon-based weapons
   maintenance oil
SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article
DE Break-Free CLP; dermal penetration; dermal toxicity; dibasic esters;
   polyalphaolefin
ID BREAK-FREE CLP(R); PERCUTANEOUS-ABSORPTION; PERMEABILITY; INVITRO;
   DERMATITIS; THICKNESS; TOXICITY; SITES; RISK; RAT
AB Break-Free CLP is a commercial petroleum-based liquid used for cleaning, lubricating, and protecting firearms that is used in the United States by military personnel, police, and individual gun owners for maintaining a wide variety of firearms. According to its material safety data sheet (MSDS), Break-Free CLP is predominately polyalphaolefin oil but also contains dibasic ester and isoparaffinic hydrocarbons; all of these ingredients are known to induce skin irritation in laboratory animals. Studies completed in our labs found that repeated topical application of Break-Free CLP to the backs of CD-1 mice produced evidence of systemic effects. Studies were conducted to characterize the dermal penetration of Break-Free CLP in mouse, rat, and pig skin to provide insight on possible factors or causes of skin irritation and systemic effects observed in previous studies. Mouse skin was 37 times more permeable to Break-Free CLP than pig skin and 6 times more permeable than rat skin. Flux measurements from static diftusion cells showed an inverse correlation with mouse, rat, and pig skin thickness. The concentration of Break-Free CLP in mouse skin was 4.5 times higher than the amount found in rat skin and about 17 times higher than the amount absorbed by pig skin. These results support the idea that Break-Free CLP causes skin irritation and systemic effects in the mouse by both penetrating through and accumulating in the skin. The findings for rat and pig skin are probably most representative of Break-Free CLP flux into and through unprotected human skin and suggest that dermal toxicity studies in CD-I mice overestimate the risk to humans. These results nevertheless, suggest that persons handling or using Break-free CLP should protect the skin from possible exposure.
C1 Navy Drug Screening Lab Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA.
   USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment, Environm Hlth Effects Lab, Jacksonville, FL USA.
   Wright State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
RP Arfsten, DP (reprint author), Navy Drug Screening Lab Jacksonville, Bldg H-2033,POB 113,Naval Air Stn, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA.
EM darfsten@dljOnds1.med.navy.mil
NR 30
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1545-9624
J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG
JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 3
IS 9
BP 457
EP 464
DI 10.1080/15459620600819832
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
   Health
GA 072XX
UT WOS:000239707600004
PM 16801258
ER

PT J
AU Washburn, EB
   Beckstead, MW
AF Washburn, Ephraim B.
   Beckstead, Merrill W.
TI Modeling multiphase effects in the combustion of HMX and RDX
SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE 40th Joint Propulsion Conference
CY JUL 11-15, 2004
CL Ft Lauderdale, FL
SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, ASME, SAE, ASEE
ID 2-PHASE FLOW; PROPELLANT COMBUSTION; EIGENVALUE METHOD; BURNING RATES;
   DEFLAGRATION; SURFACE; TEMPERATURE; NITRAMINES; SIMULATION; CHEMISTRY
AB Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) have similar structures and burning rates. However, the burning-rate temperature sensitivity (sigma(p)) is significantly different between RDX and HMX at low pressures. Recent efforts to mathematically model the steady-state combustion of RDX and HMX with detailed chemical kinetics in the gas phase and distributed decomposition in the condensed phase have succeeded in modeling burning rates at a specific initial temperature. However, all have underpredicted the sigma(p) trends of HMX at low pressure and have not differentiated the sigma(p) of RDX and HMX. RDX and HMX both burn with a thin multiphase surface of bubbles in liquid. A liquid-bubble submodel was developed to improve sigma(p) calculations. To predict the observed HMX sigma(p) values with the model, first, evaporation in the subsurface was limited near the gas/liquid surface. Second, the difference in surface temperature at different initial temperatures was adjusted to follow trends in experimental data. Third, the Marangoni effect was added to the calculation of the bubble velocities. For RDX, there was little change in the calculated sigma(p) values with the addition of the liquid-bubble submodel.
C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Energet Res Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
   Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
RP Washburn, EB (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Energet Res Div, MS 6204, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
EM Ephraim.Washbum@navy.mil
NR 50
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0748-4658
J9 J PROPUL POWER
JI J. Propul. Power
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2006
VL 22
IS 5
BP 938
EP 946
DI 10.2514/1.12689
PG 9
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 086JX
UT WOS:000240670700002
ER

PT J
AU Tran, L
   Udaykumar, HS
AF Tran, L.
   Udaykumar, H. S.
TI Simulation of void collapse in an energetic material, Part 1: Inert case
SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
LA English
DT Article
ID SHOCK-CAPTURING SCHEMES; EFFICIENT IMPLEMENTATION; COMPACTION;
   INITIATION; IMPACT
AB An Eulerian, sharp-interface, fixed Cartesian grid method is applied to study hot-spot formation in an energetic material (HMX) subject to shock loading. The mass, momentum, and energy equations are solved along with evolution equations for deviatoric stresses and equivalent plastic strain. Pressure is obtained from the Mie-Gruneisen equation of state. The material is modeled as a viscoplastic solid. High-order accurate essentially-nonoscillatory (ENO) shock-capturing schemes along with a particle-level set technique are used to evolve sharp immersed boundaries. The details of void collapse under shock loading and the resulting conversion of mechanical energy into localized regions of high thermal energy (hot spots) in the solid material are analyzed. Insights into the precise mechanisms of initiation sensitivity as a result of hot-spot formation in porous energetic materials are obtained.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
   Univ Iowa, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
RP Tran, L (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
NR 28
TC 17
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 15
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0748-4658
J9 J PROPUL POWER
JI J. Propul. Power
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2006
VL 22
IS 5
BP 947
EP 958
DI 10.2514/1.13146
PG 12
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 086JX
UT WOS:000240670700003
ER

PT J
AU Tran, L
   Udaykumar, HS
AF Tran, L.
   Udaykumar, H. S.
TI Simulation of void collapse in an energetic material, Part 2: Reactive
   case
SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
LA English
DT Article
ID CONDENSED-PHASE; 2-PHASE FLOW; DEFLAGRATION
AB In Part 1 a numerical methodology was used to study collapse of voids in energetic materials by ignoring the contributions of the gas phase and chemical reaction. In this paper, the thermomechanical response of solid phase is combined with the vapor-phase compression and chemical reactions to study their effects on the energy deposition mechanisms. The formulation and numerical treatment of the coupled solid-gas interactions, including heat release caused by chemical reactions, are discussed. The effects of loading intensity and void size are studied. The results show that for the micron-size voids under consideration significant gas-phase chemical reactions occur. However, their influence on the void collapse itself is minimal. Results indicate that when voids completely collapse a significant amount of reaction products are created, but the collapse time is too short to set up thermal runaway at the hot spot before void collapse.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
   Univ Iowa, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
RP Tran, L (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
NR 17
TC 15
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 9
PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS  ASTRONAUTICS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0748-4658
EI 1533-3876
J9 J PROPUL POWER
JI J. Propul. Power
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2006
VL 22
IS 5
BP 959
EP 974
DI 10.2514/1.13147
PG 16
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 086JX
UT WOS:000240670700004
ER

PT J
AU Roy, GD
AF Roy, Gabriel D.
TI Novel approaches to control emissions, from marine diesel and
   gas-turbine engines
SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
LA English
DT Article
AB Environmental regulations on emission from ocean-going and stationary gas turbines and diesel engines used for marine (Navy) propulsion and auxiliary power have revived interest in studies on fundamental mechanisms of pollutant formation and innovative approaches on mitigating them. The U.S. Office of Naval Research sponsored several related research projects. The projects include reduced chemistry formulations, which result in substantial reduction in computing times, lean partial prernixing that can simultaneously reduce NOx and UHC, steam-assisted or oxygen enriched-air atomization, electrostatic atomization, selective noncatalytic reduction, nonthermal plasma remediation with easy on and off capability with about 70% NOx reduction, and porous inserts in which 30 to 60% reductions in NOx have been demonstrated. Some of the techniques produce steady flames and improve pattern factor, thus providing stable combustor operation. The fundamental understanding obtained is applicable to emission control from combustion systems in general. The accomplishments made by the various investigators who participated in this research effort constitute the subject matter of this paper.
C1 Off Naval Res, Mech & Energy Convers S&T Div, Arlington, VA 22217 USA.
RP Roy, GD (reprint author), Off Naval Res, Mech & Energy Convers S&T Div, Arlington, VA 22217 USA.
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0748-4658
J9 J PROPUL POWER
JI J. Propul. Power
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2006
VL 22
IS 5
BP 1068
EP 1074
DI 10.2514/1.8871
PG 7
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 086JX
UT WOS:000240670700015
ER

PT J
AU Kuzanyan, AS
   Harutyunyan, SR
   Vardanyan, VO
   Badalyan, GR
   Petrosyan, VA
   Kuzanyan, VS
   Petrosyan, SI
   Karapetyan, VE
   Wood, KS
   Wu, HD
   Gulian, AM
AF Kuzanyan, A. S.
   Harutyunyan, S. R.
   Vardanyan, V. O.
   Badalyan, G. R.
   Petrosyan, V. A.
   Kuzanyan, V. S.
   Petrosyan, S. I.
   Karapetyan, V. E.
   Wood, K. S.
   Wu, H. -D.
   Gulian, A. M.
TI Deposition and investigation of lanthanum-cerium hexaboride thin films
SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 15th International Symposium on Boron, Borides, and Related Compounds
CY AUG 21-26, 2005
CL Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, GERMANY
HO Univ Hamburg
DE thin films; (La,Ce)B-6; thermoelectric properties; X-ray diffraction;
   microstructure
AB Thin films of lanthanum-cerium hexaboride, the promising thermoelectric material for low-temperature applications, are deposited on various substrates by the electron-beam evaporation, pulsed laser deposition and magnetron sputtering. The influence of the deposition conditions on the films X-ray characteristics, composition, microstructure and physical properties, such as the resistivity and Seebeck coefficient, is studied. The preferred (100) orientation of all films is obtained from XRD traces. In the range of 780-800 degrees C deposition temperature the highest intensity of diffractions peaks and the highest degree of the preferred orientation are observed. The temperature dependence of the resistivity and the Seebeck coefficient of films are investigated in the temperature range of 4-300K. The features appropriate to Kondo effect in the dependences p(T) and S(T) are detected at temperatures below 20 K. Interplay between the value of the Seebeck coefficient, metallic parameters and Kondo scattering of investigated films is discussed. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 NAS, Inst Phys Res, Ashtarak 378410, Armenia.
   NRL, SFA, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   NRL, Phys Art Frontiers, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Kuzanyan, AS (reprint author), NAS, Inst Phys Res, Ashtarak 378410, Armenia.
EM akuzan@ipr.sci.am
NR 14
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 10
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-4596
J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM
JI J. Solid State Chem.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 179
IS 9
SI SI
BP 2862
EP 2870
DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2006.01.040
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 079ED
UT WOS:000240157400020
ER

PT J
AU Smith, KB
AF Smith, Kevin B.
TI Adjoint modeling with a split-step Fourier parabolic equation model
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
AB Previous work on adjoint modeling of underwater acoustic propagation for the purposes of environmental inversions developed the necessary numerical algorithms based on a finite difference implementation of the parabolic equation. In this letter, the corresponding formulation for the split-step Fourier implementation is presented. Although no calculations have yet been made with this approach, the method is completely consistent with previous work, and the final form of the tangent linear model is exactly the same. However, the formulation of the operators in the split-step Fourier approach provides a simple means of estimating both local and global effects on uncertainty. This letter is then provided for anyone who may wish to attempt adjoint modeling with a split-step Fourier model. (c) 2006 Acoustical Society of America.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Smith, KB (reprint author), Royal Netherlands Naval Coll, Den Helder, Netherlands.
EM kbsmith@nps.edu
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 120
IS 3
BP 1190
EP 1191
DI 10.1121/1.2221559
PG 2
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 083QU
UT WOS:000240474100004
ER

PT J
AU Robinson, SP
   Harris, PM
   Ablitt, J
   Hayman, G
   Thompson, A
   van Buren, AL
   Zalesak, JF
   Drake, RM
   Isaev, AE
   Enyakov, AM
   Purcell, C
   Zhu, HQ
   Wang, YB
   Zhang, Y
   Botha, P
   Kruger, D
AF Robinson, Stephen P.
   Harris, Peter M.
   Ablitt, Justin
   Hayman, Gary
   Thompson, Alex
   van Buren, A. Lee
   Zalesak, Joseph F.
   Drake, Robert M.
   Isaev, Alexander E.
   Enyakov, Alexander M.
   Purcell, Christopher
   Zhu Houqing
   Wang Yuebing
   Zhang Yue
   Botha, Pierre
   Krueger, Dieter
TI An international key comparison of free-field hydrophone calibrations in
   the frequency range 1 to 500 kHz
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID TEMPERATURE
AB A description is given of the results of a Key Comparison of primary free-field standards for underwater acoustics at frequencies from 1 to 500 kHz. This is the first such Key Comparison exercise in the field of underwater acoustic calibration and measurement. Laboratories from UK, Germany, USA, Russia, China, Canada, and South Africa participated by calibrating three reference hydrophones, with project coordination provided by the National Physical Laboratory, UK. The agreement between the results obtained from the comparison was generally encouraging, with the calibration values reported by the laboratories agreeing within quoted uncertainties over the majority of the frequency range, and the results generally lying within a 0.5-dB band for frequencies up to 300 kHz. A discussion is given of the general sources of uncertainties in the calibrations, in particular those which are thought to have contributed to the differences in the results between laboratories. The results of the participants have been used to estimate the equivalence of national measurement standards within this field.
C1 Natl Phys Lab, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England.
   USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, USRD, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
   VNIIFTRI, Moscow 141570, Russia.
   Def Res & Dev Canada, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 3Z7, Canada.
   Natl Inst Metrol, Acoust Lab, Beijing 100013, Peoples R China.
   CSIR, Natl Metrol Lab, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa.
   Wehrtech Dienstelle Schiffe & Marinewaffen, D-24340 Eckernforde, Germany.
RP Robinson, SP (reprint author), Natl Phys Lab, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England.
NR 20
TC 15
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 11
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 120
IS 3
BP 1366
EP 1373
DI 10.1121/1.2228790
PG 8
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 083QU
UT WOS:000240474100024
ER

PT J
AU Houser, DS
   Finneran, JJ
AF Houser, Dorian S.
   Finneran, James J.
TI A comparison of underwater hearing sensitivity in bottlenose dolphins
   (Tursiops truncatus) determined by electrophysiological and behavioral
   methods
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID AUDITORY-EVOKED-POTENTIALS; STEADY-STATE RESPONSES; GRAMPUS-GRISEUS;
   RISSOS DOLPHIN; COHERENCE; THRESHOLDS; AUDIOGRAMS; CETACEANS; SYSTEM;
   TONES
AB Variable stimulus presentation methods are used in auditory evoked potential (AEP) estimates of cetacean hearing sensitivity, each of which might affect stimulus reception and hearing threshold estimates. This study quantifies differences in underwater hearing thresholds obtained by AEP and behavioral means. For AEP estimates, a transducer embedded in a suction cup (jawphone) was coupled to the dolphin's lower jaw for stimulus presentation. Underwater AEP thresholds were obtained for three dolphins in San Diego Bay and for one dolphin in a quiet pool. Thresholds were estimated from the envelope following response at carrier frequencies ranging from 10 to 150 kHz. One animal, with an atypical audiogram, demonstrated significantly greater hearing loss in the right ear than in the left. Across test conditions, the range and average difference between AEP and behavioral threshold estimates were consistent with published comparisons between underwater behavioral and in-air AEP thresholds. AEP thresholds for one animal obtained in-air and in a quiet pool demonstrated a range of differences of -10 to 9 dB (mean = 3 dB). Results suggest that for the frequencies tested, the presentation of sound stimuli through a jawphone, underwater and in-air, results in acceptable differences to AEP threshold estimates. (c) 2006 Acoustical Society of America.
C1 Biomimet, Santee, CA 92071 USA.
   USN, Marine Mammal Program, Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Houser, DS (reprint author), Biomimet, 7951 Shantung Dr, Santee, CA 92071 USA.
EM biomimetica@cox.net
OI Houser, Dorian/0000-0002-0960-8528
NR 41
TC 38
Z9 47
U1 0
U2 11
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 120
IS 3
BP 1713
EP 1722
DI 10.1121/1.2229286
PG 10
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 083QU
UT WOS:000240474100056
PM 17004492
ER

PT J
AU Lindwall, D
AF Lindwall, Dennis
TI Imaging marine geophysical environments with vector acoustics
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
AB Using vector acoustic sensors for marine geoacoustic surveys instead of the usual scalar hydrophones enables one to acquire three-dimensional (3D) survey data with instrumentation and logistics similar to current 2D surveys. Vector acoustic sensors measure the sound wave direction directly without the cumbersome arrays that hydrophones require. This concept was tested by a scaled experiment in an acoustic water tank that had a well-controlled environment with a few targets. Using vector acoustic data from a single line of sources, the three-dimensional tank environment was imaged by directly locating the source and all reflectors. (c) 2006 Acoustical Society of America.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Lindwall, D (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM lindwall@nrlssc.navy.mil
NR 5
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 120
IS 3
BP EL43
EP EL48
DI 10.1121/1.2266023
PG 6
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 083QU
UT WOS:000240474100063
PM 17004497
ER

PT J
AU Jiang, QF
AF Jiang, Qingfang
TI Precipitation over concave terrain
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID OROGRAPHIC PRECIPITATION; CELLULAR CONVECTION; ISOLATED TOPOGRAPHY;
   RELIEF SHAPES; FLOW REGIMES; SOUTH SIDE; MESOSCALE; ALPS; SENSITIVITY;
   MOUNTAINS
AB Many topographic barriers are comprised of a series of concave or convex ridges that modulate the intensity and distribution of precipitation over mountainous areas. In this model-based idealized study, stratiform precipitation associated with stratified moist airflow past idealized concave ridges is investigated with a focus on windward blocking, flow confluence, and the associated precipitation enhancement.
   It is found that flow confluence and precipitation enhancement by a concave ridge are controlled by the nondimensional ridge height M (M = N(m)h(m)/U, where N-m is the moist buoyancy frequency, h(m) is the maximum ridge height, and U is the wind speed), based on which three dynamical regimes can be defined. In the linear regime (M < 0.4), a flow confluence zone is present over the upwind slope of the ridge vertex, where precipitation is significantly enhanced. The precipitation enhancement is due to the additional updraft driven by the horizontal flow convergence with a considerable contribution from lateral confluence. In the blocking regime (0.4 < M < M-c), the area and intensity of the flow confluence zone decrease with increasing mountain height due to low-level blocking. The critical nondimensional ridge height (M-c) for windward flow stagnation decreases with increasing concave angle. In the two regimes, flow confluence and precipitation enhancement are more pronounced for concave ridges with a longer cross-stream dimension or a larger concave angle. In the flow reversal regime (M > M-c), no steady state can be achieved and the precipitation enhancement at the vertex is absent.
   In addition, the flow confluence and precipitation enhancement upstream of a concave ridge are sensitive to the presence of a relative gap or peak at the vertex, the earth's rotation, and the incident wind. The relevant dynamics has been examined.
C1 USN, Res Lab, UCAR Visiting Sci Program, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Jiang, QF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, UCAR Visiting Sci Program, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM jiang@nrlmry.navy.mil
NR 28
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 63
IS 9
BP 2269
EP 2288
DI 10.1175/JAS3761.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 086MA
UT WOS:000240676300006
ER

PT J
AU Jordan, PM
   Puri, P
AF Jordan, P. M.
   Puri, P.
TI Revisiting the Danilovskaya problem
SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL STRESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE classical linear thermoelasticity; Danilovskaya problem; Laplace
   transform; shock waves
ID THERMOELASTIC WAVE-PROPAGATION; GENERALIZED DYNAMICAL THEORY;
   THERMAL-SHOCK PROBLEM; ELASTIC WAVE; HALF-SPACE
AB The Danilovskaya problem of classical (coupled) thermoelasticity is re-examined and simplified exact expressions, which are easily implemented numerically, for the stress, temperature, and strain fields are derived using the Laplace transform. In addition, small- and large-time results are presented, propagating jump discontinuities are noted, and the complete solution for the uncoupled (i.e., approximate) theory is given. Last, computational methods are used to compare/contrast selected coupled (i.e., exact) and uncoupled expressions.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
   Univ New Orleans, Dept Math, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA.
RP Jordan, PM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7181, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM pjordan@nrlssc.navy.mil
NR 39
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-5739
J9 J THERM STRESSES
JI J. Therm. Stresses
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 29
IS 9
BP 865
EP 878
DI 10.1080/01495730600705505
PG 14
WC Thermodynamics; Mechanics
SC Thermodynamics; Mechanics
GA 071BP
UT WOS:000239572400002
ER

PT J
AU Anderson, T
   Ren, F
   Pearton, SJ
   Mastro, MA
   Holm, RT
   Henry, RL
   Eddy, CR
   Lee, JY
   Lee, KY
   Kim, J
AF Anderson, Travis
   Ren, Fan
   Pearton, Stephen J.
   Mastro, Michael A.
   Holm, Ron T.
   Henry, Rich L.
   Eddy, Charles R., Jr.
   Lee, Joon Yeob
   Lee, Kwan-Young
   Kim, Jihyun
TI Laser ablation of via holes in GaN and AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility
   transistor structures
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B
LA English
DT Article
ID SILICON; HEMTS; OPTIMIZATION; GAAS; DEEP
AB Laser drilling for through-via holes was performed with a Nd:YVO4 laser for an AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) structure on a SiC substrate. Current-voltage (I-V) characteristics, transconductance, and small signal characteristics before and after laser drilling were compared to examine the effect of laser drilling on device performance. The electrical characteristics of the HEMTs did not show significant change after laser drilling, even when performed in close proximity to the device. Laser drilling was found to be a fast and safe technique to drill via hole in AlGaN/GaN HEMT structure and provides an alternative to dry etching for creation of these vias. (c) 2006 American Vacuum Society.
C1 Univ Florida, Coll Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20373 USA.
   Korea Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Biol & Chem Engn, Seoul 136701, South Korea.
RP Anderson, T (reprint author), Univ Florida, Coll Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM jhkim@prosys.korea.ac.kr
RI Lee, Kwan-Young/F-7603-2013; Kim, Jihyun/F-6940-2013
NR 25
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 13
PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 1071-1023
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2006
VL 24
IS 5
BP 2246
EP 2249
DI 10.1116/1.2335435
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
   Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA 097VF
UT WOS:000241476500012
ER

PT J
AU Champlain, JG
   Magno, R
   Boos, JB
AF Champlain, James G.
   Magno, Richard
   Boos, J. Brad
TI Low resistance, unannealed, Ohmic contacts to p-type In0.27Ga0.73Sb
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B
LA English
DT Article
ID SHALLOW; INGASB; DHBTS
AB Unannealed Pd/Pt/Au contacts to p-type In0.27Ga0.73Sb were fabricated and measured. Relatively high hole mobilities, with respect to similarly doped InP-lattice-matched materials, and associated low sheet resistances were measured for the p-type In0.27Ga0.73Sb material. The unannealed Pd/Pt/Au contacts were found to be Ohmic in nature; and for a hole density of 2.9 x 10(19) cm(-3) and a mobility of 160 cm(2)/V s, a specific contact, resistance of 7.6 x 10(-8) ohm cm(2) was measured.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Champlain, JG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jgchamp@nrl.navy.mil
NR 15
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 1
PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 1071-1023
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2006
VL 24
IS 5
BP 2388
EP 2390
DI 10.1116/1.2353838
PG 3
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
   Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA 097VF
UT WOS:000241476500034
ER

PT J
AU Chretien, JP
   Blazes, DL
   Gaydos, JC
   Bedno, SA
   Coldren, RL
   Culpepper, RC
   Fyrauff, DJ
   Earhart, KC
   Mansour, MM
   Glass, JS
   Lewis, MD
   Smoak, BL
   Malone, JL
AF Chretien, Jean-Paul
   Blazes, David L.
   Gaydos, Joel C.
   Bedno, Sheryl A.
   Coldren, Rodney L.
   Culpepper, Randall C.
   Fyrauff, David J.
   Earhart, Kenneth C.
   Mansour, Moustafa M.
   Glass, Jonathan S.
   D Lewis, Michael
   Smoak, Bonnie L.
   Malone, Joseph L.
TI Experience of a global laboratory network in responding to infectious
   disease epidemics
SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Letter
ID PROTECTION; FEVER
C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Def Global Emerging Infect Surveillance & Re, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
   Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru.
   USA, Med Res Unit Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya.
   Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand.
   USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
   Naval Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt.
   Naval Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia.
   Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
RP Chretien, JP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Def Global Emerging Infect Surveillance & Re, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM Jean-Paul.Chretien@na.amedd.army.mil
RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; 
OI Chretien, Jean-Paul/0000-0001-8143-6823
NR 11
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU LANCET LTD
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 1473-3099
J9 LANCET INFECT DIS
JI Lancet Infect. Dis.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 6
IS 9
BP 538
EP 540
DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(06)70556-4
PG 3
WC Infectious Diseases
SC Infectious Diseases
GA 078JN
UT WOS:000240099100002
PM 16931402
ER

PT J
AU Miller, SD
   Haddock, SHD
AF Miller, S. D.
   Haddock, S. H. D.
TI Detection of a bioluminescent milky sea from space
SO LUMINESCENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
   Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1522-7235
J9 LUMINESCENCE
JI Luminescence
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 5
BP 285
EP 286
PG 2
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 105MV
UT WOS:000242035200059
ER

PT J
AU Woodrum, DA
   Romano, AJ
   Lerman, A
   Pandya, UH
   Brosh, D
   Rossman, PJ
   Lerman, LO
   Ehman, RL
AF Woodrum, D. A.
   Romano, A. J.
   Lerman, A.
   Pandya, U. H.
   Brosh, D.
   Rossman, P. J.
   Lerman, L. O.
   Ehman, R. L.
TI Vascular wall elasticity measurement by magnetic resonance imaging
SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE arteries; MR elastography; hypertension; blood vessel; arterial
   elasticity
ID ACOUSTIC STRAIN WAVES; MR ELASTOGRAPHY; PULSE PRESSURE; VELOCITY;
   DISEASE; MODEL
AB The goal of this current study was to determine whether an MRI-based elastography (MRE) method can visualize and assess propagating mechanical waves within fluid-filled vessels and to investigate the feasibility of measuring the elastic properties of vessel walls and quantitatively assessing stenotic lesions by using MRE. The ability to measure the Young's modulus-wall thickness product was tested using a thin-walled latex vessel model. Also tested in vessel models was the ability to quantitate the degree of stenosis by measuring transmitted and reflected mechanical waves. This method was then applied to ex vivo porcine models and in vivo human arteries to further test its feasibility. The results provide preliminary evidence that MRE can be used to quantitatively assess the stiffness of blood vessels, and provide a non-morphologic method to measure stenosis. With further development, it is possible that the method can be implemented in vivo.
C1 Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA.
   USN, Phys Acoust Branch, Washington, DC 20350 USA.
   Mayo Clin, Div Cardiovasc Dis, Rochester, MN USA.
   Mayo Clin, Div Nephrol & Hypertens, Rochester, MN USA.
RP Ehman, RL (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, 200 1st St, Rochester, MN 55905 USA.
EM ehman.richard@mayo.edu
FU NIBIB NIH HHS [EB00191]
NR 27
TC 37
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 8
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0740-3194
J9 MAGN RESON MED
JI Magn. Reson. Med.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 56
IS 3
BP 593
EP 600
DI 10.1002/mrm.20991
PG 8
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 080KD
UT WOS:000240245600015
PM 16902974
ER

PT J
AU Lee, JS
   Ray, RI
   Little, BJ
AF Lee, Jason S.
   Ray, Richard I.
   Little, Brenda J.
TI UNSN06625: A current review of the literature
SO MATERIALS PERFORMANCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CREVICE CORROSION; STAINLESS-STEELS; ALLOY 625; NATURAL SEAWATER;
   HIGH-TEMPERATURE; NICKEL; PROPAGATION; PERFORMANCE; CHLORIDE; OXYGEN
AB The mechanical and electrochemical characteristics of nickel-based alloys have been extensively examined for their potential application in high- and elevated-temperature and marine environments. This article presents a literature review concerning the behavior of alloy UNS N06625 and other nickel-based alloys in these environments.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Lee, JS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Code 7332, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
NR 45
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 3
PU NATL ASSN CORROSION ENG
PI HOUSTON
PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA
SN 0094-1492
J9 MATER PERFORMANCE
JI Mater. Perform.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 45
IS 9
BP 36
EP 40
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science
GA 082GL
UT WOS:000240374600019
ER

PT J
AU Silva, EF
   Wood, RK
AF Silva, Eduardo F.
   Wood, R. Kevin
TI Solving a class of stochastic mixed-integer programs with branch and
   price
SO MATHEMATICAL PROGRAMMING
LA English
DT Article
DE stochastic mixed-integer program; column generation; branch and price
ID COLUMN GENERATION APPROACH; GENERALIZED ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM;
   VEHICLE-ROUTING PROBLEM; SCHEDULING PROBLEM; LOCATION PROBLEM; NETWORK
   DESIGN; ALGORITHM; DECOMPOSITION; OPTIMIZATION; RECOURSE
AB We begin this paper by identifying a class of stochastic mixed-integer programs that have column-oriented formulations suitable for solution by a branch-and-price algorithm (B&P). We then survey a number of examples, and use a stochastic facility-location problem (SFLP) for a detailed demonstration of the relevant modeling and solution techniques. Computational results with a scenario representation of uncertain costs, demands and capacities show that B&P can be orders of magnitude faster than solving the standard formulation by branch and bound. We also demonstrate how B&P can solve SFLP exactly - as exactly as a deterministic mixed-integer program - when demands and other parameters can be represented as certain types of independent, random variables, e.g., independent, normal random variables with integer means and variances.
C1 Brazilian Navy Anal Ctr, BR-20091000 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
   USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Silva, EF (reprint author), Brazilian Navy Anal Ctr, BR-20091000 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
EM efsilva@pobox.com; kwood@nps.edu
OI Wood, Kevin/0000-0002-0311-8712
NR 61
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0025-5610
J9 MATH PROGRAM
JI Math. Program.
PD JAN
PY 2006
VL 108
IS 2-3
BP 395
EP 418
DI 10.1007/s10107-006-0716-6
PG 24
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Operations Research & Management
   Science; Mathematics, Applied
SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics
GA 059OY
UT WOS:000238743300009
ER

PT J
AU Crum-Cianflone, NF
   Truett, AA
   Teneza-Mora, N
   Maves, RC
   Chun, HM
   Bavaro, MF
   Hale, BR
AF Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.
   Truett, April A.
   Teneza-Mora, Nimfa
   Maves, Ryan C.
   Chun, Helen M.
   Bavaro, Mary F.
   Hale, Brad R.
TI Unusual presentations of coccidioidomycosis - A case series and review
   of the literature
SO MEDICINE
LA English
DT Review
ID AMBULATORY PERITONEAL-DIALYSIS; PULMONARY COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS;
   SPONTANEOUS PNEUMOTHORAX; PLEURAL EFFUSION; PERICARDITIS; IMMITIS;
   ENDOCARDITIS; DIAGNOSIS; FISTULA; EMPYEMA
AB Coccidioidomycosis is an emerging fungal infection of the southwestern United States. Although Coccidioides species infections are usually asymptomatic or result in a mild, flu-like illness, disseminated disease may occur in 1% of cases. While extrapulmonary disease usually involves the skin, central nervous system, bones, or joints, coccidioidomycosis is a great imitator, with the ability to infect any tissue or organ. Cases may be diagnosed outside of endemic areas, hence providers worldwide should be aware of the broad range of manifestations of coccidioidomycosis. We present a case series of unusual presentations of coccidioidomycosis including serous cavity infections with cases of pericarditis, empyema, and peritonitis, as well as unusual abscesses involving the retropharyngeal space and gluteal musculature. We provide a complete review of the literature and summarize the clinical presentations, diagnoses, and treatments of these rare forms of disseminated coccidioidomycosis.
C1 USN, Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
   USN, Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
RP Crum-Cianflone, NF (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, 34800 Bob WIlson Dr,Suite 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
EM nfcrum@nmesd.med.navy.mil
NR 75
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 1
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0025-7974
J9 MEDICINE
JI Medicine (Baltimore)
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 85
IS 5
BP 263
EP 277
DI 10.1097/01.md.0000236953.95213.ac
PG 15
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 086GH
UT WOS:000240661300002
PM 16974211
ER

PT J
AU Rauh, MJ
   Macera, CA
   Trone, DW
   Shaffer, RA
   Brodine, SK
AF Rauh, Mitchell J.
   Macera, Caroline A.
   Trone, Daniel W.
   Shaffer, Richard A.
   Brodine, Stephanie K.
TI Epidemiology of stress fracture and lower-extremity overuse injury in
   female recruits
SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE
LA English
DT Article
DE fitness; menstrual irregularities; military training; overuse syndrome;
   prospective cohort
ID RISK-FACTORS; BONE-DENSITY; MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURIES; MENSTRUAL
   IRREGULARITY; ARMY RECRUITS; WOMEN; EXERCISE; RESISTANCE; TRAINEES;
   RUNNERS
AB Purpose: The purpose of this prospective study was to examine rates and risk factors for overuse injuries among 824 women during Marine Corps Recruit Depot basic training at Parris Island, SC, in 1999. Methods: Data collected included training day exposures (TDE), baseline performance on a standardized 1.5-mile timed run, and a pretraining questionnaire highlighting exercise and health habits. The women were followed during training for occurrence of stress fracture and other lower-extremity overuse injury. Results: There were 868 lower-extremity overuse injuries for an overall injury rate of 12.6/1000 TDE. Rates for initial and subsequent injury were 8.7/1000 and 20.7/1000 TDE, respectively. There were 66 confirmed lower-extremity stress fractures among 56 (6.8%) women (1.0/1000 TDE). Logistic regression modeling indicated that low aerobic fitness (a slower time on the timed run (> 14.4 min)), no menses in six or more consecutive months during the past year, and less than 7 months of lower-extremity weight training were significantly associated with stress fracture incidence. Self-rated fair-poor fitness at baseline was the only variable significantly associated with other non-stress fracture overuse injury during basic training. Conclusions: Among this sample of women, the risk of lower-extremity overuse injury was high, with a twofold risk of subsequent injury. The results suggest that stress fracture injury might be decreased if women entered training with high aerobic fitness and participated frequently in lower-extremity strength training. Furthermore, women reporting a history of menstrual irregularity at their initial medical exam may require closer observation during basic training.
C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Behav Sci & Epidemiol Program, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
   San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
   Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA.
   Rocky Mt Univ Hlth Profess, Grad Program Orthopaed & Sports Phys Therapy, Provo, UT USA.
   Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego State Univ, Joint Doctoral Program Publ Hlth Epidemiol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
RP Trone, DW (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Behav Sci & Epidemiol Program, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
EM trone@nhrc.navy.mil
NR 31
TC 78
Z9 78
U1 2
U2 11
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0195-9131
J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER
JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 38
IS 9
BP 1571
EP 1577
DI 10.1249/01.mss.0000227543.51293.9d
PG 7
WC Sport Sciences
SC Sport Sciences
GA 083BE
UT WOS:000240430100006
PM 16960517
ER

PT J
AU Green, WP
   Kulas, MA
   Niazi, A
   Oishi, K
   Taleff, EM
   Krajewski, PE
   McNelley, TR
AF Green, W. Paul
   Kulas, Mary Anne
   Niazi, Amanda
   Oishi, Keiichiro
   Taleff, Eric M.
   Krajewski, Paul E.
   McNelley, Terry R.
TI Deformation and failure of a superplastic AA5083 aluminum material with
   a Cu addition
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
   MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ALLOYS; BEHAVIOR; CREEP
AB A modified AA5083 aluminum sheet material containing a Cu addition of 0.61 wt pct has been investigated under conditions relevant to commercial hot-forming technologies. This material was produced by continuous casting followed by industrial hot and cold rolling into sheet. Deformation and failure mechanisms at elevated temperatures were investigated through mechanical testing, thermal analysis, and microscopy. The effects of Cu addition are evaluated by comparisons with data from AA5083 sheet materials without Cu addition, produced both by continuous and direct-chill (DC) casting techniques. At low temperatures and fast strain rates, for which solute-drag (SD) creep governs deformation, the Cu addition slightly increases tensile ductility at 450 degrees C but does not otherwise alter deformation behaviors. At high temperatures and slow strain rates, for which grain-boundary-sliding (GBS) creep governs deformation, the Cu addition decreases flow stress and, at 450 degrees C, improves tensile ductility. A strong temperature dependence for tensile ductility results from the Cu addition; tensile ductility at 500 degrees C is notably reduced from that at 450 degrees C. The Cu addition creates platelike particles at grain boundaries, which produce incipient melting and the observed mechanical behavior.
C1 Bell Helicopter Textron, Ft Worth, TX 76101 USA.
   Aerosp Div, F-78996 Elancourt, France.
   Univ Texas, Dept Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
   Natl Inst Mat Sci, Met Nanostruct Grp, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050047, Japan.
   GM Corp, Ctr Res & Dev, Warren, MI 48090 USA.
   USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Green, WP (reprint author), Bell Helicopter Textron, Ft Worth, TX 76101 USA.
EM taleff@mail.utexas.edu
NR 29
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 2
PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC
PI WARRENDALE
PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA
SN 1073-5623
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 37A
IS 9
BP 2727
EP 2738
DI 10.1007/BF02586106
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
   Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 082AD
UT WOS:000240357800011
ER

PT J
AU Salem, AA
   Langdon, TG
   McNelley, TR
   Kalidindi, SR
   Semiatin, SL
AF Salem, A. A.
   Langdon, T. G.
   McNelley, T. R.
   Kalidindi, S. R.
   Semiatin, S. L.
TI Strain-path effects on the evolution of microstructure and texture
   during the severe-plastic deformation of aluminum
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
   MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-CRYSTALLINE ALUMINUM; ULTRAFINE-GRAINED ALUMINUM; DEFORMED METAL
   CRYSTALS; DYNAMIC RECRYSTALLIZATION; PURITY ALUMINUM; FCC METALS;
   TEMPERATURE CREEP; PURE ALUMINUM; STAGE-IV; CHANNEL
AB Microstructure and texture evolution during the severe-plastic deformation (SPD) of unalloyed aluminum were investigated to establish the effect of processing route and purity level on grain refinement and subgrain formation. Two lots of aluminum with different purity levels (99.998 pct Al and 99 pct Al) were subjected to large plastic strains at room temperature via four different deformation processes: equal-channel angular extrusion (ECAE), sheet rolling, conventional conical-die extrusion, and uniaxial compression. Following deformation, microstructures and textures were determined using orientation-imaging microscopy. In commercial-purity aluminum, the various deformation routes yielded an ultrafine microstructure with a similar to 1.5-mu m grain size, deduced to have been formed via a dynamic-recovery mechanism. For high-purity aluminum, on the other hand, the minimum grain size produced after the various routes was similar to 20 mu m; the high fraction of high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) and the absence of subgrains/deformation bands in the final microstructure suggested the occurrence of discontinuous static recrystallization following the large plastic deformation at room temperature. The microstructure differences were underscored by the mechanical properties following four ECAE passes. The yield strength of commercial-purity aluminum quadrupled, whereas the high-purity aluminum showed only a minor increase relative to the annealed condition.
C1 Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
   USAF, Mat & Mfg Directorate, MLLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
   Univ So Calif, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
   Univ So Calif, Dept Mat Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
   USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
   Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Salem, AA (reprint author), Universal Technol Corp, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
EM ayman.salem@wpafb.af.mil
RI Langdon, Terence/B-1487-2008; Kalidindi, Surya/A-1024-2007; SEMIATIN,
   SHELDON/E-7264-2017; 
OI Salem, Ayman/0000-0003-0907-1502; Kalidindi, Surya/0000-0001-6909-7507
NR 58
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1073-5623
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 37A
IS 9
BP 2879
EP 2891
DI 10.1007/BF02586120
PG 13
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
   Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 082AD
UT WOS:000240357800025
ER

PT J
AU Looney, R
AF Looney, Robert
TI Oil titans: National oil companies in the Middle East
SO MIDDLE EAST JOURNAL
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
RP Looney, R (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MIDDLE EAST INSTITUTE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1761 N STREET NW, CIRCULATION DEPT, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2882 USA
SN 0026-3141
J9 MIDDLE EAST J
JI Middle East J.
PD FAL
PY 2006
VL 60
IS 4
BP 816
EP 817
PG 2
WC Area Studies
SC Area Studies
GA 120VQ
UT WOS:000243114800031
ER

PT J
AU Mecklenburg, BW
   Birmingham, SD
   Mecklenburg, BW
   Lujan, E
   Dacanay, RG
   Boyle, PK
   Green, R
AF Mecklenburg, Brian W.
   Birmingham, Sean D.
   Mecklenburg, Brian W.
   Lujan, Eugenio
   Dacanay, Rhodel G.
   Boyle, Patrick K.
   Green, Richard
TI Dolasetron versus ondansetron as single-agent prophylaxis for patients
   at increased risk for postoperative nausea and vomiting: A prospective,
   double-blind, randomized trial
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID PREVENTION; EFFICACY; SURGERY; PLACEBO
AB This study identified 100 ambulatory surgery patients receiving general anesthesia who were at increased risk for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and randomly assigned them to receive single-agent prophylaxis (12.5 mg of dolasetron or 4 mg of ondansetron) 15 to 30 minutes before the end of surgery. Data were collected in the postanesthesia care unit, and patients completed a questionnaire 24 hours after surgery. No statistically significant difference existed between study groups in demographic features, history of PONV, history of motion sickness, or type and duration of surgery and anesthesia. No statistically significant difference existed in satisfaction with the medication used for PONV prophylaxis (dolasetron, 70.9 of 100 mm; ondansetron, 67.9 of 100 mm; p = 0.69). No statistically significant difference existed in satisfaction with the overall surgical experience (dolasetron, 87.9 of 100 mm; ondansetron, 85.3 of 100 mm; p = 0.36). Cost-minimization strategies should be considered without fear of substandard care or increased patient dissatisfaction.
C1 USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
RP Mecklenburg, BW (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
NR 15
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 171
IS 9
BP 913
EP 916
PG 4
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 084LN
UT WOS:000240534500023
ER

PT J
AU Barbosa, FKB
   Storchi-Bergmann, T
   Fernandes, RC
   Winge, C
   Schmitt, H
AF Barbosa, F. K. B.
   Storchi-Bergmann, T.
   Fernandes, R. Cid
   Winge, Claudia
   Schmitt, H.
TI Gemini/GMOS Integral Field Unit stellar kinematics of the nuclear region
   of six nearby active galaxies
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE stellar dynamics; galaxies : active; galaxies : kinematics and dynamics;
   galaxies : nuclei; galaxies : Seyfert; galaxies : starburst
ID VELOCITY DISPERSION DROPS; NARROW-LINE REGION; SEYFERT-GALAXIES;
   GALACTIC NUCLEI; NGC 4051; GASEOUS KINEMATICS; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; RADIO
   STRUCTURES; IMAGING SURVEY; IONIZED-GAS
AB We present 2D mapping of the stellar velocity field within the inner 5 arcsec of six nearby active galaxies, using spectra obtained with the Integral Field Unit (IFU) of the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph instrument at the Gemini North telescope. The sampling of the observations is 0.2 arcsec, corresponding at the galaxies to spatial extents ranging from 10 to 30 pc. The spatial resolution range from 20 to about 180 pc, and the observed field of view covers a few hundred parsecs around the nuclei. The Ca II triplet absorption features at approximate to 8500 angstrom were used to measure the stellar radial velocities and velocity dispersions. The radial velocity fields are dominated by rotation in all galaxies. A simple kinematical model assuming a purely rotating system with circular orbits in a plane was fitted to the radial velocity data. The turnover of the rotation curve is at only approximate to 50 pc for NGC 4051 and between 200 and 700 pc for the other five galaxies. The velocity dispersion (sigma) maps show the largest values (100 >= sigma >= 150 km s(-1)) at the centre. In the cases of NGC 2273 and 3227, there is a decrease to sigma approximate to 70-80 km s(-1) at approximate to 200-300 pc from the nucleus, delineating partial rings of low-sigma values. A similar broken ring seems to be present at approximate to 400 pc from the nucleus also in NGC 4593. We interpret these low-sigma rings as traces of recently formed stars that partially keep the cold kinematics of the original gas from which they have formed. In NGC 3516 there is a decrease of sigma outwards with the steepest gradient observed along the direction of the galaxy major axis, where sigma reaches approximate to 80-90 km s(-1) at approximate to 400 pc from the nucleus.
   The main novelty of the present work is the unprecedented spatial resolution reached by a 2D study of stellar kinematics of Seyfert galaxies using an IFU. The few similar IFU studies available in the literature for Seyfert galaxies have a much poorer spatial resolution and/or are restricted to the study of emission-line kinematics.
C1 Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Fis, BR-91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
   Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Fis, BR-88040900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
   Gemini Observ, La Serena, Chile.
   USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Interferometr Inc, Herndon, VA 20171 USA.
RP Barbosa, FKB (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Fis, Caixa Postal 15051, BR-91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
EM djfaustus@gmail.com
RI Fernandes, Roberto/M-7334-2014
OI Fernandes, Roberto/0000-0001-9672-0296
NR 66
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD SEP 1
PY 2006
VL 371
IS 1
BP 170
EP 184
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10690.x
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 075DQ
UT WOS:000239863700031
ER

PT J
AU Ord, SM
   Jacoby, BA
   Hotan, AW
   Bailes, M
AF Ord, S. M.
   Jacoby, B. A.
   Hotan, A. W.
   Bailes, M.
TI High-precision timing of PSR J1600-3053
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE astrometry; binaries : general; stars : neutron; pulsars : individual :
   PSR J1600-3053; white dwarfs
ID RELATIVISTIC CELESTIAL MECHANICS; BINARY-SYSTEMS; MILLISECOND PULSARS;
   GENERAL-RELATIVITY; TELESCOPE; ICRS
AB We present the results of a high-precision timing campaign directed at the binary millisecond pulsar J1600-3053. Submicrosecond pulsar timing has long been the domain of bright, low dispersion measure millisecond pulsars or large diameter telescopes. This experiment, conducted using the Parkes radio telescope in New South Wales, Australia, and utilizing the latest baseband recording hardware, has allowed this pulsar, although distant and faint, to present residuals to a model of its spin behaviour of 650 ns over a period of more than 2 yr. We have also constrained the orbital inclination via Shapiro delay to be between 59 degrees and 70 degrees to 95 per cent confidence and obtained a scintillation velocity measurement indicating a transverse velocity less than 84 km s(-1). This pulsar is demonstrating remarkable stability comparable to, and in most cases improving upon, the very best long-term pulsar timing experiments. If this stability is maintained, the current limits on the energy density of the stochastic gravitational wave background will be reached in four more years.
C1 Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia.
   Univ Sydney, Res Ctr Theoret Astrophys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Ord, SM (reprint author), Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Mail 31 POB,218, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia.
EM steve.ord@gmail.com
RI Ord, Stephen/C-6138-2013
NR 33
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD SEP 1
PY 2006
VL 371
IS 1
BP 337
EP 342
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10646.x
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 075DQ
UT WOS:000239863700046
ER

PT J
AU Majumdar, SJ
   Aberson, SD
   Bishop, CH
   Buizza, R
   Peng, MS
   Reynolds, CA
AF Majumdar, S. J.
   Aberson, S. D.
   Bishop, C. H.
   Buizza, R.
   Peng, M. S.
   Reynolds, C. A.
TI A comparison of adaptive observing guidance for Atlantic tropical
   cyclones
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSFORM KALMAN-FILTER; ATMOSPHERIC DATA ASSIMILATION; STORM
   RECONNAISSANCE PROGRAM; SINGULAR-VECTORS; TARGETED OBSERVATIONS;
   DROPWINDSONDE OBSERVATIONS; HORIZONTAL DEFORMATION; ENSEMBLE PREDICTION;
   PERTURBATION GROWTH; BAROCLINIC WAVES
AB Airborne adaptive observations have been collected for more than two decades in the neighborhood of tropical cyclones, to attempt to improve short-range forecasts of cyclone track. However, only simple subjective strategies for adaptive observations have been used, and the utility of objective strategies to improve tropical cyclone forecasts remains unexplored. Two objective techniques that have been used extensively for midlatitude adaptive observing programs, and the current strategy based on the ensemble deep-layer mean (DLM) wind variance, are compared quantitatively using two metrics. The ensemble transform Kalman filter (ETKF) uses ensembles from NCEP and the ECMWF. Total-energy singular vectors (TESVs) are computed by the ECMWF and the Naval Research Laboratory, using their respective global models. Comparisons of 78 guidance products for 2-day forecasts during the 2004 Atlantic hurricane season are made, on both continental and localized scales relevant to synoptic surveillance missions. The ECMWF and NRL TESV guidance identifies similar large-scale target regions in 90% of the cases, but are less similar to each other in the local tropical cyclone environment (56% of the cases) with a more stringent criterion for similarity. For major hurricanes, all techniques usually indicate targets close to the storm center. For weaker tropical cyclones, the TESV guidance selects similar targets to those from the ETKF (DLM wind variance) in only 30% (20%) of the cases. ETKF guidance using the ECMWF ensemble is more like that provided by the NCEP ensemble (and DLM wind variance) for major hurricanes than for weaker tropical cyclones. Minor differences in these results occur when a different metric based on the ranking of fixed storm-relative regions is used.
C1 Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Div Meteorol & Phsy Oceanog, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
   NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
   European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, Berks, England.
RP Majumdar, SJ (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Div Meteorol & Phsy Oceanog, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM smajumdar@rsmas.miami.edu
RI Aberson, Sim/C-4891-2013; 
OI Aberson, Sim/0000-0002-3670-0100; Reynolds, Carolyn/0000-0003-4690-4171
NR 46
TC 67
Z9 75
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 134
IS 9
BP 2354
EP 2372
DI 10.1175/MWR3193.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 086DP
UT WOS:000240654000004
ER

PT J
AU Gaver, DP
   Jacobs, PA
   Samorodnitsky, G
   Glazebrook, KD
AF Gaver, Donald P.
   Jacobs, Patricia A.
   Samorodnitsky, Gennady
   Glazebrook, Kevin D.
TI Modeling and analysis of uncertain time-critical tasking problems
SO NAVAL RESEARCH LOGISTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID IMPATIENT CUSTOMERS; QUEUES; ALLOCATION; SERVICE
AB This paper describes modeling and operational analysis of a generic asymmetric service-system situation in which (a) Red agents, potentially threatening, but in another but important interpretation, are isolated friendlies, such as downed pilots, that require assistance and "arrive" according to some partially known and potentially changing pattern in time and space; and (b) Reds have effectively limited unknown deadlines or times of availability for Blue service, i.e., detection, classification, and attack in a military setting or emergency assistance in others. We discuss various service options by Blue service agents and devise several approximations allowing one to compute efficiently those proportions of tasks of different classes that are successfully served or, more generally, if different rewards are associated with different classes of tasks, the percentage of the possible reward gained. We suggest heuristic policies for a Blue server to select the next task to perform and to decide how much time to allocate to that service. We discuss this for a number of specific examples. (C) 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
   Cornell Univ, Sch Operat Res & Ind Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
   Univ Lancaster, Dept Math & Stat, Lancaster LA1 4YX, England.
   Univ Lancaster, Sch Management, Lancaster LA1 4YX, England.
RP Gaver, DP (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM dgaver@nps.edu; pajacobs@nps.edu; gennady@orie.comell.edu;
   K.glazebrook@lancaster.ac.uk
NR 27
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0894-069X
EI 1520-6750
J9 NAV RES LOG
JI Nav. Res. Logist.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 53
IS 6
BP 588
EP 599
DI 10.1002/nav.20162
PG 12
WC Operations Research & Management Science
SC Operations Research & Management Science
GA 072ZZ
UT WOS:000239713200008
ER

PT J
AU Ennen, CS
   Magann, EF
AF Ennen, Christopher S.
   Magann, Everett F.
TI Milk-alkali syndrome presenting as acute renal insufficiency during
   pregnancy
SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Armed Forces District Meeting of the
   American-College-of-Obstetricians-and-Gynecologists
CY OCT 30-NOV 03, 2005
CL Seattle, WA
SP Amer Coll Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Armed Forces District
ID DISEASE
AB Background: Gastroesophageal reflux is common during pregnancy. Hypercalcemia from overuse of antacids can lead to complications, including the milk-alkali syndrome.
   Case: A multiparous patient, at 35 weeks of gestation, was admitted to evaluate an unexplained increase in her serum creatinine (0.6 mg/dL to 1.4 mg/dL). She was normotensive and asymptomatic. Her serum calcium was 16.2 mg/dL. She reported significant gastric reflux symptoms and was taking a calcium-based antacid at high doses. She was treated with aggressive hydration. Her calcium and renal function normalized with no further complications.
   Conclusion: Overuse of calcium-containing medications can cause milk-alkali syndrome. Vigorous hydration is generally adequate treatment, and education regarding calcium intake is important to prevent occurrence.
C1 Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
RP Ennen, CS (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
EM csennen@mar.med.navy.mil
NR 6
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0029-7844
J9 OBSTET GYNECOL
JI Obstet. Gynecol.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 108
IS 3
BP 785
EP 786
DI 10.1097/01.AOG.0000204867.25582.e5
PN 2
PG 2
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology
GA 175UC
UT WOS:000247038500032
PM 17018502
ER

PT J
AU Morris, RE
   Evans, T
   Hughes, JM
   Colbert, JE
AF Morris, Robert E.
   Evans, Thomas
   Hughes, Janet M.
   Colbert, John E.
TI Examination of liquid-phase oxidation of jet fuel at operational
   temperatures
SO PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE jet fuel; JP-5; copper; thermal stability; autoxidation; thermal
   oxidation; metal deactivator additive; metal deactivators
AB To gain a more complete understanding of the relevance of laboratory testing to predict fuel stability in advanced jet engine designs, the Navy single tube reactor (STR) was employed to examine the impact of copper contamination on fuel oxidation at fuel temperatures closer to operational limits. Oxygen consumption during autoxidation, in the presence of dissolved copper, was similar in both the STR and the standard jet fuel oxidation test at higher temperatures, although differences in flow rates and residence times were evident. By contrast, copper was innocuous in promoting the formation of thermal deposits at lower temperatures in the STR, up to approximately 170 degrees C, after which rapid deposition occurred. This deposition was accompanied by depletion of copper in the fuel, except in the presence of selected additives. In addition to suppressing oxidation, limiting available oxygen also suppressed copper depletion. The findings of this study indicate that as bulk fuel design temperatures continue to increase, copper contamination may begin to be a greater factor in contributing to the accumulation of deleterious thermal deposits within advanced jet engine fuel systems. However, the results also indicate that additives containing metal deactivators could play a useful role in mediating the impact of copper contamination on thermal deposition within fuel system components.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Geocenters Inc, Arlington, VA USA.
   W Springfield High Sch, Springfield, VA USA.
   Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD USA.
RP Morris, RE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6181,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM robert.morris@nrl.navy.mil
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1091-6466
J9 PETROL SCI TECHNOL
JI Pet. Sci. Technol.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 24
IS 9
BP 1097
EP 1113
DI 10.1081/LFT-200048190
PG 17
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Petroleum
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 080GE
UT WOS:000240235100010
ER

PT J
AU Hikavyy, A
   Clauws, P
   Maes, J
   Moshchalkov, VV
   Butler, JE
   Feygelson, T
   Williams, OA
   Daenen, M
   Haenen, K
AF Hikavyy, A.
   Clauws, P.
   Maes, J.
   Moshchalkov, V. V.
   Butler, J. E.
   Feygelson, T.
   Williams, O. A.
   Daenen, M.
   Haenen, K.
TI An investigation of structural and electrical properties of boron doped
   and undoped nanocrystalline diamond films
SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 11th International Workshop on Surface and Bulk Defects in CVD Diamond
   Films
CY FEB 22-24, 2006
CL Hasselt Univ, Diepenbeek, BELGIUM
HO Hasselt Univ
ID RAMAN-SPECTRA; SPECTROSCOPY; ACCEPTOR
AB Nanocrystalline and microcrystalline undoped and boron doped diamond films are investigated by means of SEM, Raman and photocurrent techniques. SEM measurements on nanocrystalline diamond show the typical diamond columnar structure whereas for microcrystalline diamond such structure is not observed. Raman investigation shows a clear diamond peak at 1332 cm(-1) for all investigated films and a Fano resonance is observed for the microcrystalline sample prepared with 2000 ppm of boron in the gas mixture indicating a transition into the semi-metallic state. Photocurrent measurements also show a presence of boron in some films. It is found that when temperature is decreased lower than 80 K, the boron photocurrent threshold in the case of NCD material behaves differently compared to bulk diamond. (c) 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
C1 Univ Ghent, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
   Katholieke Univ Leuven, INPAC, Pulsed Fields Grp, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Hasselt Univ, Mat Res Inst, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
RP Hikavyy, A (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Krijgslaan 281, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
EM Andriy.Hikavyy@UGent.be
RI Daenen, Michael/A-5605-2008; Butler, James/B-7965-2008; Williams,
   Oliver/B-2776-2009; Haenen, Ken/G-8783-2011; Moshchalkov,
   Victor/I-7232-2013; 
OI Daenen, Michael/0000-0002-9221-4932; Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176;
   Haenen, Ken/0000-0001-6711-7367; Williams, Oliver/0000-0002-7210-3004
NR 16
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 6
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1862-6300
J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI A
JI Phys. Status Solidi A-Appl. Mat.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 203
IS 12
BP 3021
EP 3027
DI 10.1002/pssa.200671118
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics,
   Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 090RA
UT WOS:000240967400006
ER

PT J
AU Postnikov, AV
   Kortus, J
   Pederson, MR
AF Postnikov, Andrei V.
   Kortus, Jens
   Pederson, Mark R.
TI Density functional studies of molecular magnets
SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Review
ID HIGH-SPIN MOLECULES; ENTRAPPING ALKALINE IONS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE;
   EXCHANGE INTERACTIONS; BASIS-SETS; VIBRATIONAL PROPERTIES; FERROMAGNETIC
   METALS; ALL-ELECTRON; FERRIC WHEEL; ANISOTROPY
AB After a general introduction into the field of molecular magnets the discussion focuses on a more specific description of their most important representative species, single-molecule magnets incorporating transition metal ions. We overview traditional model approaches for the phenomenological description of such systems and outline some ways used to parameterize the corresponding models from experiment and from first-principle calculations. The latter can be either multi-determinantal quantum chemical schemes or those based on the density functional theory. In particular we discuss Heisenberg exchange parameters and magnetic anisotropy constants. As a practical example, an introduction into problems and proper-ties of some single-molecule magnets which gained much attention within last years, namely Mn-12-acetate, "Fe-8" and "V-15" systems, is given. This introduction into systems is followed by a critical comparison of calculation schemes based on the density functional theory that are particularly well suited for the study of molecular magnets. For the above systems we select some benchmark results, obtained by different methods. Finally, we outline our recent progress in the study of other single-molecule magnets, including six-membered "ferric wheels", "ferric stars" and "Ni-4" molecules, which we studied with the use of first-principles methods SIESTA and NRLMOL. (c) 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
C1 Russian Acad Sci, Inst Met Phys, Ekaterinburg 620219, Russia.
   Univ Osnabruck, Dept Phys, D-49069 Osnabruck, Germany.
   Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
   USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Postnikov, AV (reprint author), Paul Verlaine Univ, Inst Phys Elect & Chim, Lab Phys Milieux Denses, 1 Bd Arago, F-57078 Metz, France.
EM apostnik@uos.de; Jens.Kortus@physik.tu-freiberg.de
NR 142
TC 59
Z9 59
U1 2
U2 33
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0370-1972
EI 1521-3951
J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B
JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 243
IS 11
BP 2533
EP 2572
DI 10.1002/pssb.200541490
PG 40
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 084GQ
UT WOS:000240521100013
ER

PT J
AU Brewer, PJ
   Huang, J
   Lane, PA
   deMello, AJ
   Bradley, DDC
   deMello, JC
AF Brewer, P. J.
   Huang, J.
   Lane, P. A.
   deMello, A. J.
   Bradley, D. D. C.
   deMello, J. C.
TI Influence of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) in
   polymer LEDs
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; ELECTRIC-FIELD DISTRIBUTION; SOLAR-CELLS;
   ELECTROABSORPTION
AB We investigate the influence of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) on the optoelectronic properties of polymer light-emitting diodes containing poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) (PFO). Electromodulation and IV luminance measurements are reported for a series of devices with bare indium tin oxide (ITO) or PEDOT:PSS-coated ITO anodes and Ba or Al cathodes. The ITO/PFO/Al, ITO/PFO/Ba, and ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PFO/Al devices all exhibit conventional field-induced electromodulation behavior, in both forward and reverse bias, consistent with the Stark effect (SE). The ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PFO/Ba devices by contrast exhibit conventional behavior only for applied biases below the flat-band voltage; at higher biases, the field-induced SE features vanish and are replaced by anomalous charge-induced electromodulation features. This anomalous behavior is observed only when PEDOT:PSS is used in conjunction with a strongly electron-injecting cathode such as Ba, and is attributed to the presence of trapped electrons at the PEDOT:PSS-emitter interface, which screen the electric field from the bulk of the device. The enhanced field at the interface increases the rate of field-assisted hole injection into the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of the PFO, resulting in lower drive voltages and increased electroluminescence efficiencies.
C1 Univ London Imperial Coll Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, London SW7 2AZ, England.
   Univ London Imperial Coll Sci & Technol, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BZ, England.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP deMello, JC (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, London SW7 2AZ, England.
EM j.demello@imperial.ac.uk
RI Bradley, Donal/F-6068-2011
OI Bradley, Donal/0000-0001-8713-5060
NR 20
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 74
IS 11
AR 115202
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.74.115202
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 089HV
UT WOS:000240872300060
ER

PT J
AU Dutt, MVG
   Cheng, J
   Wu, YW
   Xu, XD
   Steel, DG
   Bracker, AS
   Gammon, D
   Economou, SE
   Liu, RB
   Sham, LJ
AF Dutt, M. V. Gurudev
   Cheng, Jun
   Wu, Yanwen
   Xu, Xiaodong
   Steel, D. G.
   Bracker, A. S.
   Gammon, D.
   Economou, Sophia E.
   Liu, Ren-Bao
   Sham, L. J.
TI Ultrafast optical control of electron spin coherence in charged GaAs
   quantum dots
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPUTATION; MANIPULATION; IMPLEMENTATION; DYNAMICS; EXCITONS; WELLS;
   GATE; TIME
AB Impulsive stimulated Raman excitation with coherent optical fields is used for controlling the electron spin coherence in a charged GaAs quantum dot ensemble through an intermediate charged exciton (trion) state. The interference between two stimulated Raman two-photon quantum mechanical pathways leading to the spin coherence allows us to control the electron spin coherence on the time scale of the Larmor precession frequency. We also demonstrate, both theoretically and experimentally, that ultrafast manipulation of the spin coherence is possible on the time scale of the optical laser frequency, and analyze the limitations due to the trion and spin decoherence times.
C1 Univ Michigan, Harrison M Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Dutt, MVG (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, 17 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM dst@umich.edu
RI xu, xiaodong/C-4316-2008; Dutt, Gurudev /B-2889-2009; Liu,
   Ren-Bao/B-3729-2011; 
OI Liu, Ren-Bao/0000-0002-0620-2370; Sham, Lu/0000-0001-5718-2077
NR 49
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 74
IS 12
AR 125306
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.74.125306
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 089HX
UT WOS:000240872500055
ER

PT J
AU Lane, PA
   Brewer, PJ
   Huang, JS
   Bradley, DDC
   deMello, JC
AF Lane, Paul A.
   Brewer, Paul J.
   Huang, Jingsong
   Bradley, Donal D. C.
   deMello, John C.
TI Elimination of hole injection barriers by conducting polymer anodes in
   polyfluorene light-emitting diodes
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID ENERGY-LEVEL ALIGNMENT; ELECTRIC-FIELD; ELECTROABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY;
   PERFORMANCE; INTERFACES; METAL; POLY(9,9-DIOCTYLFLUORENE); DEVICES;
   CELLS
AB We have measured the built-in potential of a series of polyfluorene-containing light-emitting diodes (LEDs) by electroabsorption spectroscopy. When the anode incorporates a layer of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), the inferred anode work function is equal to the ionization potential of the emissive polyfluorene. This result requires that the Fermi level of PEDOT:PSS is pinned to the highest occupied molecular orbital of the emissive polymer. Pinning of the anode Fermi level eliminates the injection barrier to holes and explains the low turn-on bias of polymer LEDs that incorporate PEDOT:PSS. We attribute this phenomenon to electron trapping at the interface between PEDOT:PSS and the emissive layer.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Chem, London SW7 2AZ, England.
   Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, London SW7 2AZ, England.
RP Lane, PA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Dr SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RI Bradley, Donal/F-6068-2011
OI Bradley, Donal/0000-0001-8713-5060
NR 37
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 74
IS 12
AR 125320
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.74.125320
PG 7
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 089HX
UT WOS:000240872500069
ER

PT J
AU Lawler, HM
   Mintmire, JW
   White, CT
AF Lawler, H. M.
   Mintmire, J. W.
   White, C. T.
TI Helical strain in carbon nanotubes: Speed of sound and Poisson ratio
   from first principles
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID ELASTIC PROPERTIES; PYROLYTIC-GRAPHITE; TUBULES; DYNAMICS
AB We detail a formalism describing the elastic response from helical strains and demonstrate that it is a natural application of a first-principles method which treats the electronic structure with helical symmetry. We then derive a helical strain matrix, giving analytic expressions for Poisson's ratio and the longitudinal and torsional speeds of sound, which are calculated from first principles for a large set of nanotube structures. The results indicate that the speed of sound and Poisson's ratio are to good approximation independent of nanotube structure and can be ascertained by consideration of the elastic response in bulk graphite.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
RP Lawler, HM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
OI Mintmire, John/0000-0002-6551-0349
NR 26
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 74
IS 12
AR 125415
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.74.125415
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 089HX
UT WOS:000240872500086
ER

PT J
AU Feng, SM
   Halterman, K
   Overfelt, PL
AF Feng, Simin
   Halterman, Klaus
   Overfelt, Pamela L.
TI Subwavelength fractional Talbot effect in layered heterostructures of
   composite metamaterials
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID NEGATIVE INDEX; WAVE-PACKET; DIFFRACTION; NANOFILMS; REVIVALS; BANDGAP;
   MEDIA; MODES
AB We demonstrate that under certain conditions, fractional Talbot revivals can occur in heterostructures of composite metamaterials, such as multilayer positive- and negative-index media, metallodielectric stacks, and one-dimensional dielectric photonic crystals. Without recourse to the paraxial approximation, we also obtain Talbot images for the feature sizes of transverse patterns smaller than the illumination wavelength. A general expression for the Talbot distance in such structures is derived, and the conditions favorable for observing Talbot effects in layered heterostructures are discussed.
C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
RP Feng, SM (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
RI Halterman, Klaus/G-3826-2012; 
OI Halterman, Klaus/0000-0002-6355-3134
NR 26
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1539-3755
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 74
IS 3
AR 036612
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.74.036612
PN 2
PG 5
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 089HD
UT WOS:000240870300084
ER

PT J
AU Landsman, AS
   Schwartz, IB
AF Landsman, Alexandra S.
   Schwartz, Ira B.
TI Predictions of ultraharmonic oscillations in coupled arrays of limit
   cycle oscillators
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID MACROSCOPIC MUTUAL ENTRAINMENT; JOSEPHSON-JUNCTION ARRAYS;
   PHASE-LOCKING; SYNCHRONIZATION; BIFURCATION; SYMMETRY; SYSTEMS
AB Coupled distinct arrays of nonlinear oscillators have been shown to have a regime of high frequency, or ultraharmonic, oscillations that are at multiples of the natural frequency of individual oscillators. The coupled array architectures generate an in-phase high-frequency state by coupling with an array in an antiphase state. The underlying mechanism for the creation and stability of the ultraharmonic oscillations is analyzed. A class of interarray coupling is shown to create a stable, in-phase oscillation having frequency that increases linearly with the number of oscillators, but with an amplitude that stays fairly constant. The analysis of the theory is illustrated by numerical simulation of coupled arrays of Stuart-Landau limit cycle oscillators.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Nonlinear Syst Dynam Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Landsman, AS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Nonlinear Syst Dynam Sect, CCode 6792, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM alandsma@cantor.nrl.navy.mil
RI Schwartz, Ira/A-8073-2009; Landsman, Alexandra/I-6399-2013
OI Landsman, Alexandra/0000-0002-8194-8439
NR 20
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1539-3755
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 74
IS 3
AR 036204
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.74.036204
PN 2
PG 8
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 089HD
UT WOS:000240870300041
PM 17025726
ER

PT J
AU Nusinovich, GS
   Abe, DK
AF Nusinovich, Gregory S.
   Abe, David K.
TI Mode selectivity in multiple-beam klystrons
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
AB A general method is developed for calculating the coupling coefficients of multiple beamlets of an arbitrary geometry to resonator fields having an arbitrary transverse distribution. A number of examples illustrate the effectiveness of this method for calculating coupling coefficients and show the effect of device parameters on the coupling of a given multiple electron beam to competing modes of multiple-beam klystrons (MBKs) operating in high-order modes. The method can be used for evaluating the mode selectivity and the "monotron instability" in MBKs. It can also be used for determining the Pierce gain parameter in multiple-beam traveling-wave tubes. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 SAIC, Mclean, VA 22102 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Univ Maryland, IREAP, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Nusinovich, GS (reprint author), SAIC, 1710 SAIC Dr, Mclean, VA 22102 USA.
EM gregoryn@glue.umd.edu; david.abe@nrl.navy.mil
RI Abe, David/D-7546-2013; Nusinovich, Gregory/C-1314-2017
OI Nusinovich, Gregory/0000-0002-8641-5156
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 13
IS 9
AR 093101
DI 10.1063/1.2335637
PG 7
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 089JX
UT WOS:000240877800045
ER

PT J
AU Tabor, CA
   Parlette, EC
AF Tabor, Camille A.
   Parlette, Eric C.
TI Cutaneous manifestations of diabetes - Signs of poor glycemic control or
   new-onset disease
SO POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
AB Diabetes attacks multiple organ systems, and the skin is not spared its detrimental effects. Pathologic consequences of diabetes, such as vasculopathy, neuropathy, immunologic disturbances, defects in collagen formation, and poor glycemic control, contribute to its numerous cutaneous manifestations. In this article, Drs Tabor and Parlette present the implications of, and treatment options for, infections and dermatoses that appear in established diabetes or that indicate new-onset disease. They also discuss diabetes medications that commonly cause cutaneous reactions.
C1 [Tabor, Camille A.] USN, Reg Support Org, San Diego, CA 92136 USA.
   [Parlette, Eric C.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
   [Parlette, Eric C.] USN Hosp, Dept Dermatol, Okinawa, Japan.
RP Tabor, CA (reprint author), USN, Reg Support Org, 3325 Senn Rd,Suite 7, San Diego, CA 92136 USA.
NR 14
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 4
PU JTE MULTIMEDIA
PI BERWYN
PA 1235 WESTLAKES DR, STE 220, BERWYN, PA 19312 USA
SN 0032-5481
J9 POSTGRAD MED
JI Postgrad. Med.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2006
VL 119
IS 2
BP 38
EP 44
PG 7
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA V44DS
UT WOS:000202984000007
PM 17128644
ER

PT J
AU Wang, W
   Chen, L
   Sun, F
   Wu, C
AF Wang, W.
   Chen, L.
   Sun, F.
   Wu, C.
TI Efficiency optimization of an irreversible closed intercooled
   regenerated gas-turbine cycle
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART A-JOURNAL OF
   POWER AND ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE generalized thermodynamic optimization; finite-time thermodynamics;
   gas-turbine cycle; intercooler; regenerator; finite thermal capacity
   rate; efficiency optimization
ID ENTROPY GENERATION MINIMIZATION; MAXIMUM POWER-DENSITY; JOULE-BRAYTON
   ENGINE; PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS; HEAT-ENGINE; THERMODYNAMICS; SYSTEMS
AB Thermal efficiency is optimized for an irreversible closed intercooled regenerated gas-turbine cycle coupled to variable-temperature heat reservoirs in the viewpoint of the theory of thermodynamic optimization (or finite-time thermodynamics). It is first performed by searching the optimum intercooling pressure ratio and the optimum heat conductance distributions among the four heat exchangers (the hot- and cold-side heat exchangers, the intercooler, and the regenerator) for fixed total heat exchanger inventory. Secondly, the optimization is performed further with respect to the total pressure ratio of the cycle, the maximum efficiency is maximized twice and the double-maximum efficiency is obtained. Thirdly, the optimization is performed additionally with respect to the thermal capacitance rate matching between the working fluid and the heat reservoir, the double-maximum efficiency is maximized again and a thrice-maximum efficiency is obtained. In the optimization, the following effects are taken into account: the irreversibility of heat transfer in the four heat exchangers, the irreversible compression and expansion losses in the compressors and the turbine, the pressure drop loss in the piping, and the finite thermal capacity rates of the three heat reservoirs. The optimization method is applied to the conceptual design of a closed-cycle intercooled regenerated helium turbine power plant for high-speed warship propulsion. The numerical example shows that the method herein is valid and effective.
C1 Naval Univ Engn, Postgrad Sch, Wuhan 430033, Hubei, Peoples R China.
   USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Chen, L (reprint author), Naval Univ Engn, Postgrad Sch, Wuhan 430033, Hubei, Peoples R China.
EM lingenchen@hotmail.com; lgchenna@yahoo.com
NR 33
TC 6
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 5
PU PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING PUBLISHING LTD
PI WESTMINISTER
PA 1 BIRDCAGE WALK, WESTMINISTER SW1H 9JJ, ENGLAND
SN 0957-6509
J9 P I MECH ENG A-J POW
JI Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part A-J. Power Energy
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 220
IS A6
BP 551
EP 558
DI 10.1243/09576509JPE225
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 088CX
UT WOS:000240790200004
ER

PT J
AU Justus, BL
   Falkenstein, P
   Huston, AL
   Plazas, MC
   Ning, H
   Miller, RW
AF Justus, Brian L.
   Falkenstein, Paul
   Huston, Alan L.
   Plazas, Maria C.
   Ning, Holly
   Miller, Robert W.
TI Elimination of Cerenkov interference in a fibre-optic-coupled radiation
   dosemeter
SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID PLASTIC SCINTILLATION DOSIMETRY; LUMINESCENCE DOSIMETRY; LIGHT
AB An optical fibre point dosemeter based on the gated detection of the luminescence from a Cu1+-doped fused quartz detector effectively eliminated errors due to Cerenkov radiation and native fibre fluorescence. The gated optical fibre dosemeter overcomes serious problems faced by scintillation and optically stimulated luminescence approaches to optical fibre point dosimetry. The dosemeter was tested using an external beam radiotherapy machine that provided pulses of 6 MV X rays. Gated detection was used to discriminate the signal collected during the radiation pulses, which included contributions from Cerenkov radiation and native fibre fluorescence, from the signal collected between the radiation pulses, which contained only the long-lived luminescence from the Cu1+-doped fused quartz detector. Gated detection of the luminescence provided accurate, real-time dose measurements that were linear with absorbed dose, independent of dose rate and that were accurate for all field sizes studied.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   NCI, Radiat Oncol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20784 USA.
   Univ Nacl Colombia, Bogota, Colombia.
RP Justus, BL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM justus@nrl.navy.mil
NR 9
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 4
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0144-8420
EI 1742-3406
J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM
JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 120
IS 1-4
BP 20
EP 23
DI 10.1093/rpd/nci525
PG 4
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
   Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
   Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
   Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
   Medical Imaging
GA 086RZ
UT WOS:000240692000004
PM 16717108
ER

PT J
AU Benabdesselam, M
   Serrano, B
   Iacconi, P
   Wrobel, F
   Lapraz, D
   Herault, J
   Butler, JE
AF Benabdesselam, M.
   Serrano, B.
   Iacconi, P.
   Wrobel, F.
   Lapraz, D.
   Herault, J.
   Butler, J. E.
TI Thermoluminescence properties of CVD diamond for clinical dosimetry use
SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID DETECTORS
AB The application of diamond to dosimetry is desirable because of its tissue equivalence, chemical inertness and small size, but this has not been commercially viable owing to the non-reproducible response of natural diamond. The chemical vapour deposition (CVD) of diamond permits controlled, reproducible and large-scale production of this material at potentially low cost. An investigation of some clinically relevant features like the depth-dose distribution as well as the absorbed dose profile, obtained using thermoluminescence (TL), is reported for several CVD diamond films. The TL characterisation presented here shows that CVD diamond films should be excellent TL-mode detectors in instances of radiotherapy and in vivo radiation dosimetry.
C1 Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, EA 1174, CRESA, Lab Phys Elect Solides, F-06108 Nice 2, France.
   Ctr Antoine Lacassagne, F-06189 Nice, France.
   USN, Res Lab, Gas Surface Dynam Sect, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Benabdesselam, M (reprint author), Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, EA 1174, CRESA, Lab Phys Elect Solides, Parc Valrose, F-06108 Nice 2, France.
EM ben@unice.fr
RI Butler, James/B-7965-2008
OI Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176
NR 6
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 7
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0144-8420
J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM
JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 120
IS 1-4
BP 87
EP 90
DI 10.1093/rpd/nci595
PG 4
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
   Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
   Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
   Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
   Medical Imaging
GA 086RZ
UT WOS:000240692000018
PM 16565201
ER

PT J
AU Skopec, M
   Loew, M
   Price, JL
   Guardala, N
   Moscovitch, M
AF Skopec, M.
   Loew, M.
   Price, J. L.
   Guardala, N.
   Moscovitch, M.
TI Discrimination of photon from proton irradiation using glow curve
   feature extraction and vector analysis
SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY
LA English
DT Article
AB Two types of thermoluminescence dosemeters (TLDs), the Harshaw LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD-100) and CaF2:Tm (TLD-300) were investigated for their glow curve response to separate photon and proton irradiations. The TLDs were exposed to gamma irradiation from a Cs-137 source and proton irradiation using a positive ion accelerator. The glow curve peak structure for each individual TLD exposure was deconvolved to obtain peak height, width, and position. Simulated mixed-field glow curves were obtained by superposition of the experimentally obtained single field exposures. Feature vectors were composed of two kinds of features: those from deconvolution and those taken in the neighbourhood of several glow curve peaks. The inner product of the feature vectors was used to discriminate among the pure photon, pure proton and simulated mixed-field irradiations. In the pure cases, identification of radiation types is both straightforward and effective. Mixed-field discrimination did not succeed using deconvolution features, but the peak-neighbourhood features proved to discriminate reliably.
C1 NIH, Dept Diagnost Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
   George Washington Univ, Washington, DC USA.
   USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD USA.
   Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC USA.
RP Skopec, M (reprint author), NIH, Dept Diagnost Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
EM marskopec@yahoo.com
NR 3
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0144-8420
J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM
JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 120
IS 1-4
BP 268
EP 272
DI 10.1093/rpd/nci533
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
   Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
   Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
   Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
   Medical Imaging
GA 086RZ
UT WOS:000240692000055
PM 16614091
ER

PT J
AU St John, TJ
   Cassata, JR
   Blake, PK
   Wallace, WH
   Minniti, R
AF St John, T. J.
   Cassata, J. R.
   Blake, P. K.
   Wallace, W. H.
   Minniti, R.
TI Technical aspects of the Naval Dosimetry Center quality assurance
   programme
SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID LIF-MG,CU,P
AB The purpose of this paper is to describe the technical aspects of the Naval Dosimetry Center (NDC) quality programme. The Navy has been formally monitoring personnel for occupational exposure to ionising radiation since at least 1946. The current system, the DT-702/PD, is the Harshaw 8840 holder and 8841 card. New card and holder checks are performed to verify that the correct LiF elements and holder filters are in the correct location and are of the correct composition. Element correction coefficient (ECC) magnitude and repeatability are also verified. Several quality assurance parameters are checked by a specially designed shipping machine. Calibration cards are used to calibrate each reader and quality control cards are inserted throughout a group of field cards to verify reader operation during the read process. The success of the programme is measured by annual proficiency tests administered by the National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Programme and Pacific Northwest National Laboratories.
C1 USN, Dosimetry Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA.
   Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Portsmouth, NH USA.
   Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
   NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP St John, TJ (reprint author), USN, Dosimetry Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA.
EM TJStjohn@mar.med.navy.mil
OI wallace, william, hamish/0000-0001-8080-5674
NR 6
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0144-8420
J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM
JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 120
IS 1-4
BP 273
EP 277
DI 10.1093/rpd/nci681
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
   Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
   Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
   Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
   Medical Imaging
GA 086RZ
UT WOS:000240692000056
PM 16757494
ER

PT J
AU Pisacane, VL
   Ziegler, JF
   Nelson, ME
   Caylor, M
   Flake, D
   Heyen, L
   Youngborg, E
   Rosenfeld, AB
   Cucinotta, F
   Zaider, M
   Dicello, JF
AF Pisacane, V. L.
   Ziegler, J. F.
   Nelson, M. E.
   Caylor, M.
   Flake, D.
   Heyen, L.
   Youngborg, E.
   Rosenfeld, A. B.
   Cucinotta, F.
   Zaider, M.
   Dicello, J. F.
TI MIDN: A spacecraft microdosimeter mission
SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY
LA English
DT Article
AB MIDN (MIcroDosimetry iNstrument) is a payload on the MidSTAR-I spacecraft (Midshipman Space Technology Applications Research) under development at the United States Naval Academy. MIDN is a solid-state system being designed and constructed to measure microdosimetric spectra to determine radiation quality factors for space environments. Radiation is a critical threat to the health of astronauts and to the success of missions in low-Earth orbit and space exploration. The system will consist of three separate sensors, one external to the spacecraft, one internal and one embedded in polyethylene. Design goals are mass < 3 kg and power < 2 W. The MidSTAR-I mission in 2006 will provide an opportunity to evaluate a preliminary version of this system. Its low power and mass makes it useful for the International Space Station and manned and unmanned interplanetary missions as a real-time system to assess and alert astronauts to enhanced radiation environments.
C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA.
   USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
   Univ Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
   NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
   Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA.
RP Dicello, JF (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA.
EM ltheyen@yahoo.com; anatoly@uow.edu.au; diceljo@jhmi.edu
RI Rosenfeld, Anatoly/D-1989-2014; 
OI Zaider, Marco/0000-0002-5113-7862
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0144-8420
J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM
JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 120
IS 1-4
BP 421
EP 426
DI 10.1093/rpd/nci601
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
   Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
   Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
   Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
   Medical Imaging
GA 086RZ
UT WOS:000240692000087
PM 16785245
ER

PT J
AU Kurt, K
   Mathur, VK
   McKeever, SWS
   Townsend, PD
   Valberg, L
AF Kurt, K.
   Mathur, V. K.
   McKeever, S. W. S.
   Townsend, P. D.
   Valberg, L.
TI Low temperature radioluminescence of LiF : Mg,Cu,P
SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Conference on Soild State Dosimetry
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2004
CL New Haven, CT
SP Yale Univ Sch Med, Int Org Solid State Dosimetry, Oxford Univ Press, Landauer Inc, Canberra Ind, Global Dosimetry Solut Inc
ID BROAD-BAND LUMINESCENCES; ZNS PHOSPHORS; THERMOLUMINESCENCE; MECHANISM
AB Low temperature radioluminescence spectra of LiF, variously co-doped with Mg, Cu and P, show highly unusual temperature dependencies which resemble thermoluminescence data. The signals include intense peaks and a relatively weak continuous background. One peak occurs below 30 K, together with a major peak near 125 K. The signals are highly sensitive to the dopants and slightly sensitive to X-ray dose rate. The role of donor acceptor pairs and the perturbations from intrinsic defects formed by ionisation can be used to describe all the observations. The 290 nm emission band is linked to H center annealing.
C1 Univ Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England.
   USN, Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
   Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM kasimkurt@mersin.edu.tr
NR 14
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 6
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0144-8420
J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM
JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 119
IS 1-4
BP 134
EP 138
DI 10.1093/rpd/nci658
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
   Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
   Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
   Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
   Medical Imaging
GA 086RQ
UT WOS:000240691100030
PM 16735562
ER

PT J
AU Mathur, VK
   Barkyoumb, JH
   Jarrett, A
AF Mathur, V. K.
   Barkyoumb, J. H.
   Jarrett, Andrew
TI Time-resolved spectroscopy of LiF : Mg,Cu,P
SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Conference on Soild State Dosimetry
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2004
CL New Haven, CT
SP Yale Univ Sch Med, Int Org Solid State Dosimetry, Oxford Univ Press, Landauer Inc, Canberra Ind, Global Dosimetry Solut Inc
ID BROAD-BAND LUMINESCENCES; ZNS PHOSPHORS; MECHANISM; SPECTRA; COPPER; CU
AB Time-resolved spectroscopy measurements of LiF:Mg,Cu,P luminescence are presented to obtain a better understanding of the emission characteristics of this material. The intensities and decay of the emission bands were studied as a function of annealing temperature and ionising radiation (gamma) dose. Two peaks in the emission were observed at 367 and 466 nm when excited by the 266 nm laser radiation. The luminescence spectrum under band-to-band X-ray excitation shows a dominant emission similar to 390-400 nm, which resembles the reported thermoluminescence emission and is clearly different from the spectrum obtained using the 266 nm pulsed laser excitation. Annealing of the material to 300 degrees C increases the intensity of the 367 and 466 nm emission bands by an order of magnitude as well as changes the relative intensity of the bands. Additional emission bands, which are not evident in the thermoluminescence emission spectra, are seen at longer wavelengths that also increase with dose. Possible explanations for the observed emission spectra are discussed in this paper.
C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
RP Mathur, VK (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, 9500 MacArthur Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
EM veerendra.mathur@navy.mil
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0144-8420
J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM
JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 119
IS 1-4
BP 143
EP 147
DI 10.1093/rpd/nci583
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
   Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
   Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
   Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
   Medical Imaging
GA 086RQ
UT WOS:000240691100032
PM 16644981
ER

PT J
AU Moscovitch, M
   John, TJS
   Cassata, JR
   Blake, PK
   Rotunda, JE
   Ramlo, M
   Velbeck, KJ
   Luo, LZ
AF Moscovitch, M.
   John, T. J. St.
   Cassata, J. R.
   Blake, P. K.
   Rotunda, J. E.
   Ramlo, M.
   Velbeck, K. J.
   Luo, L. Z.
TI The application of LiF : Mg,Cu,P to large scale personnel dosimetry:
   Current status and future directions
SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Conference on Soild State Dosimetry
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2004
CL New Haven, CT
SP Yale Univ Sch Med, Int Org Solid State Dosimetry, Oxford Univ Press, Landauer Inc, Canberra Ind, Global Dosimetry Solut Inc
AB LiF:Mg,Cu,P is starting to replace LiF:Mg,Ti in a variety of personnel dosimetry applications. LiF:Mg,Cu,P has superior characteristics as compared to LiF:Mg,Ti including, higher sensitivity, improved energy response for photons, lack of supralinearity and insignificant fading. The use of LiF:Mg,Cu,P in large scale dosimetry programs is of particular interest due to the extreme sensitivity of this material to the maximum readout temperature, and the variety of different dosimetry aspects and details that must be considered for a successful implementation in routine dosimetry. Here we discuss and explain the various aspects of large scale LiF:Mg,Cu,P based dosimetry programs including the properties of the TL material, new generation of TLD readers, calibration methodologies, a new generation of dose calculation algorithms based on the use of artificial neural networks and the overall uncertainty of the dose measurement. The United States Navy (USN) will be the first US dosimetry processor who will use this new material for routine applications. Until June 2002, the Navy used two types of thermoluminescent materials for personnel dosimetry, CaF2:Mn and LiF:Mg,Ti. A program to upgrade the system and to implement LiF:Mg,Cu,P, started in the mid 1990s and was recently concluded. In 2002, the new system replaced the LiF:Mg,Ti and is scheduled to start replacing the CaF2:Mn system in 2006. A pilot study to determine the dosimetric performance of the new LiF:Mg,Cu,P based dosimetry system was recently completed, and the results show the new system to be as good or better than the current system in all areas tested. As a result, LiF:Mg,Cu,P is scheduled to become the primary personnel dosimeter for the entire US Navy in 2006.
C1 Georgetown Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Med, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
   USN, Dosimetry Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA.
   Thermo Elect Corp, Oakwood Village, OH 44146 USA.
RP Moscovitch, M (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Med, 3970 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
EM moscovim@georgetown.edu
NR 19
TC 20
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0144-8420
J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM
JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 119
IS 1-4
BP 248
EP 254
DI 10.1093/rpd/nci692
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
   Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
   Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
   Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
   Medical Imaging
GA 086RQ
UT WOS:000240691100054
PM 16835277
ER

PT J
AU Benabdesselam, M
   Iacconi, P
   Trinkler, L
   Berzina, B
   Butler, JE
AF Benabdesselam, M.
   Iacconi, P.
   Trinkler, L.
   Berzina, B.
   Butler, J. E.
TI Optical bleaching, TSL and OSL features of CVD diamond
SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Conference on Soild State Dosimetry
CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2004
CL New Haven, CT
SP Yale Univ Sch Med, Int Org Solid State Dosimetry, Oxford Univ Press, Landauer Inc, Canberra Ind, Global Dosimetry Solut Inc
ID IONIZING-RADIATION DOSIMETRY; THERMOLUMINESCENT PROPERTIES; DETECTORS
AB Luminescence and optical features of chemical vapour deposition (CVD) diamond have been studied in view of the potential application of this material in ionising radiation dosimetry field. For this purpose, thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) techniques have been used. A large amount of work has emphasised the excellent dosimetric properties of CVD diamond. Nevertheless, TSL measurements showed that after irradiation, this material is extremely sensitive to ambient light and the stored dose information is drastically affected by optical bleaching. From OSL analysis, it follows that both types of processes (TSL and OSL) were characterised by the same excitation and emission spectra and that optical bleaching originated from a broad stimulation band lying from visible to near infrared with a continuous character.
C1 Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, Lab Phys Electron Solides, Ctr Rech Solides & Leurs Applicat, F-06108 Nice 2, France.
   Univ Latvia, Inst Solid State Phys, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia.
   USN, Res Lab, Gas Surface Dynam Sect, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Benabdesselam, M (reprint author), Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, Lab Phys Electron Solides, Ctr Rech Solides & Leurs Applicat, EA 1174,Parc Valrose, F-06108 Nice 2, France.
EM ben@unice.fr
RI Butler, James/B-7965-2008
OI Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176
NR 8
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 5
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0144-8420
J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM
JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 119
IS 1-4
BP 390
EP 393
DI 10.1093/rpd/nci596
PG 4
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
   Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
   Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
   Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
   Medical Imaging
GA 086RQ
UT WOS:000240691100083
PM 16565200
ER

PT J
AU Perez, T
   Wesson, J
   Burrage, D
AF Perez, Tabare
   Wesson, Joel
   Burrage, Derek
TI Airborne remote sensing of the Plata plume using STARRS
SO SEA TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
C1 Co Ind Tabacos Monte Paz SA, Div Invest & Desarrollo, Montevideo, Uruguay.
   USN, Res Lab, Ocean Sci Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Perez, T (reprint author), Co Ind Tabacos Monte Paz SA, Div Res & Dev, Montevideo, Uruguay.
NR 5
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 0
PU COMPASS PUBLICATIONS, INC
PI ARLINGTON
PA 1501 WILSON BLVD., STE 1001, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-2403 USA
SN 0093-3651
J9 SEA TECHNOL
JI Sea Technol.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 47
IS 9
BP 31
EP +
PG 3
WC Engineering, Ocean
SC Engineering
GA 089PW
UT WOS:000240894000006
ER

PT J
AU Rice, J
   Philbin, N
   McGwin, G
   Arnaud, F
   Johnson, T
   Flournoy, WS
   Pearce, LB
   McCarron, R
   Kaplan, L
   Handrigan, M
   Freilich, D
AF Rice, Jennifer
   Philbin, Nora
   McGwin, Gerald
   Arnaud, Francoise
   Johnson, Todd
   Flournoy, W. Shannon
   Pearce, L. Bruce
   McCarron, Richard
   Kaplan, Lew
   Handrigan, Michael
   Freilich, Daniel
TI Bovine polymerized hemoglobin versus hextend resuscitation in a swine
   model of severe controlled hemorrhagic shock with delay to definitive
   care
SO SHOCK
LA English
DT Article
DE hemorrhage; HBOC; resuscitation; shock; trauma; pig
ID LACTATED RINGERS SOLUTION; OXYGEN CARRIER; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; HETASTARCH
   HEX; LIVER-INJURY; BASE DEFICIT; HBOC-201; BLOOD; EVACUATION; SURVIVAL
AB To compare the efficacy of low-volume resuscitation with bovine polymerized hemoglobin (HBOC-201) versus hetastarch (HEX) in an intermediate severity combat-relevant hemorrhagic shock swine model with a simulated delay to hospital care. Twenty-four anesthetized pigs were hemorrhaged 55% estimated blood volume in conjunction with a 5-min rectus abdominus crush. At 20 min, pigs were resuscitated with 10 mL/kg of HBOC-201 or HEX or nothing (NON); resuscitated pigs received additional infusions (5 mL/kg) at 30, 60, 120, or 180 min if hypotension or tachycardia persisted. Pigs were monitored for a 4-h "prehospital" period. At 4-h, hospital arrival was simulated: surgical sites were repaired, blood, or saline provided, and pigs were recovered from anesthesia. Pigs were monitored for 72 h and then killed for histological evaluation. One hundred percent (8/8) of HBOC-201 -, 75% (6/8) of HEX-, and 25% (2/8) of NON-resuscitated pigs survived to 72 h (P = 0.007 overall, HBOC vs. HEX P > 0.05). Mean arterial pressure and mean pulmonary arterial pressure were highest in the HBOC-201 group (P < 0.001), and HR was lowest (P < 0.001). HBOC-201 - and HEX-resuscitated pigs had comparable cardiac index and prehospital fluid requirements. HBOC-201 pigs had higher transcutaneous tissue oxygen tension, P < 0.001) and lower urine output (P < 0.001). At simulated hospital arrival, no HBOC-201 pigs required additional fluids or blood transfusion. In contrast, 100% of HEX pigs required blood transfusions (P< 0.01). In this swine model of controlled hemorrhage with low-volume resuscitation and delayed definitive care, HBOC-201 pigs had improved hemodynamics, transcutaneous tissue oxygen tension, and transfusion avoidance compared with HEX.
C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
   Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA.
   Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA.
   Biopure Corp, Cambridge, MA USA.
   Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA.
RP Rice, J (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, 2N77 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM ricej@nmrc.navy.mil
NR 28
TC 20
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1073-2322
J9 SHOCK
JI Shock
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 26
IS 3
BP 302
EP 310
DI 10.1097/01.shk.0000226338.48033.c2
PG 9
WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System
   & Cardiology
GA 076HO
UT WOS:000239947800012
PM 16912657
ER

PT J
AU Tonon, F
   Bae, HR
   Grandhi, RV
   Pettit, CL
AF Tonon, Fulvio
   Bae, Ha-Rok
   Grandhi, Ramana V.
   Pettit, Chris L.
TI Using random set theory to calculate reliability bounds for a wing
   structure
SO STRUCTURE AND INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE random sets; proper orthogonal decomposition; reliability; wing design
ID PROBABILITY; UNCERTAINTY; OPTIMIZATION
AB This paper shows how uncertainty can be propagated through a computer model when the input data consists of uncertainty affected by imprecision and randomness. The proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is used to determine the dominant air pressure distributions on a wing, and the uncertainty in the POD modal amplitude variables is propagated through a finite element (FEM) structural model to calculate the reliability bounds for the wing. It is shown that: (i) when working with imprecise input, the traditional probabilistic approach is inadequate because it would force the designer to add unavailable information; (ii) the proposed mathematical model of uncertainty is capable of capturing the incomplete knowledge upon which important conceptual and preliminary decisions must be made; (iii) this approach indicates if and where resources should be invested to acquire more information; (iv) the proposed techniques can be easily implemented using existing numerical codes; (v) a limited number of model runs is necessary to calculate bounds on the output distributions.
C1 Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
   Wright State Univ, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
   USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Tonon, F (reprint author), Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
EM tonon@mail.utexas.edu
RI Pettit, Chris/A-1073-2010; Tonon, Fulvio/G-6128-2015
OI Tonon, Fulvio/0000-0002-3211-3320
NR 37
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1573-2479
J9 STRUCT INFRASTRUCT E
JI Struct. Infrastruct. Eng.
PD SEP-DEC
PY 2006
VL 2
IS 3-4
BP 191
EP 200
DI 10.1080/15732470600590689
PG 10
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 113TX
UT WOS:000242621500004
ER

PT J
AU Huebner, J
AF Huebner, Jonathan
TI Looking ahead: A visible end to innovation? I think not - Discussion of
   Coates' commentary
SO TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
AB Joseph Coates argues against the analysis presented in "A Possible Declining Trend for Worldwide Innovation" in a commentary published in Research-Technology Management. His arguments display a lack of understanding of this analysis, a lack of supporting data and an ignorance of the information contained in Bunch and Hellemans' reference work that forms the foundation for the analysis. A response is provided to these arguments with clarifications of the original analysis, as others may have the same misconceptions as Coates. (c) 2006 Elsevier BV All rights reserved.
C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, ANGEL Program, China Lake, CA USA.
RP Huebner, J (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, ANGEL Program, China Lake, CA USA.
EM jhuebner@ridgecrest.ca.us
NR 3
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0040-1625
J9 TECHNOL FORECAST SOC
JI Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 73
IS 7
BP 906
EP 912
DI 10.1016/j.techfore.2006.05.003
PG 7
WC Business; Planning & Development
SC Business & Economics; Public Administration
GA 076TP
UT WOS:000239981000010
ER

PT J
AU Lazaro, AM
   Cao, K
   Masaberg, C
   Steiner, NK
   Xiao, Y
   Tu, B
   Turner, V
   Nickerson, P
   Stoll, S
   Schall, C
   Valdez, R
   Ng, J
   Hartzman, RJ
   Hurley, CK
AF Lazaro, A. M.
   Cao, K.
   Masaberg, C.
   Steiner, N. K.
   Xiao, Y.
   Tu, B.
   Turner, V.
   Nickerson, P.
   Stoll, S.
   Schall, C.
   Valdez, R.
   Ng, J.
   Hartzman, R. J.
   Hurley, C. K.
TI Twenty-three novel HLA-B alleles identified during
   intermediate-resolution testing
SO TISSUE ANTIGENS
LA English
DT Article
DE DNA sequencing; HLA-B
AB Twenty-three novel human leukocyte antigen-B alleles are described: B*070204, *0738, *0742, *0821, *130202, *1312, *1575, *1598, *1599, *270507, *2728, *350104, *3558, *3811, *3931, *3932, *4045, *4107, *420501, *4812, *510106, *5520, and *5616. Thirteen of the variants are single-nucleotide substitutions from their most homologous allele, eight resulting in amino acid changes (B*0742, *1312, *1598, *1599, *3558, *3931, *4107, and *5616) and five with silent substitutions (B*070204, *130202, *270507, *350104, and *510106). Three alleles (B*0738, *4812, and *5520) differ by five nucleotide changes, altering four amino acids. The remaining seven alleles differ from their most similar alleles by two to three nucleotides, altering from one to two amino acids.
C1 Georgetown Univ, Ctr Med, Dept Oncol, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
   Georgetown Univ, Ctr Med, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
   St Jude Childrens Hosp, HLA Lab, Memphis, TN USA.
   Canadian Blood Serv, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
   Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Histocompatibil Lab, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
   USN, Med Res Ctr, CW Bill Young Marrow Donor Program, Rockville, MD USA.
RP Hurley, CK (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Ctr Med, Dept Oncol, E404 Res Bldg,3970 Reservoir Rd, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
EM hurleyc@georgetown.edu
OI Nickerson, Peter/0000-0002-7393-7799
NR 5
TC 11
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0001-2815
J9 TISSUE ANTIGENS
JI Tissue Antigens
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 68
IS 3
BP 245
EP 248
DI 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00661.x
PG 4
WC Cell Biology; Immunology; Pathology
SC Cell Biology; Immunology; Pathology
GA 081CB
UT WOS:000240293700007
PM 16948646
ER

PT J
AU Hollis-Perry, KM
   Fahie, RL
   Mammas, H
   Zenebe, B
   Chua, HD
   Thomas, AG
AF Hollis-Perry, K. M.
   Fahie, R. L.
   Mammas, H.
   Zenebe, B.
   Chua, H. D.
   Thomas, A. G.
TI Progress on the establishment of a blood production and distribution
   system for the National Defense Forces of Ethiopia
SO TRANSFUSION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks (AABB
   2006)
CY OCT 21-24, 2006
CL Miami Beach, FL
SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks
C1 USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
   Dept Def HIV AIDS, Prevent Program, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
   Bella Mil Hosp, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
   USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
   Dept Def HIV AIDS, Prevent Program, San Diego, CA USA.
EM KMHo11is-Perry@nmcsd.med.navy.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0041-1132
J9 TRANSFUSION
JI Transfusion
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 46
IS 9
SU S
BP 186A
EP 186A
PG 1
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA 084SG
UT WOS:000240554100580
ER

PT J
AU Hollis-Perry, KM
   Licuanan, ES
   Koch, DH
   Councilor, LR
   Alcantara, ES
   Griffith, BD
   Fahie, RL
AF Hollis-Perry, K. M.
   Licuanan, E. S.
   Koch, D. H.
   Councilor, L. R.
   Alcantara, E. S.
   Griffith, B. D.
   Fahie, R. L.
TI Impact of Trima-accel modifications on apheresis platelet and plasma
   collections in a military blood donor center
SO TRANSFUSION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks (AABB
   2006)
CY OCT 21-24, 2006
CL Miami Beach, FL
SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks
C1 USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
EM KMHollis-Perry@nmcsd.med.navy.mil
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0041-1132
J9 TRANSFUSION
JI Transfusion
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 46
IS 9
SU S
BP 200A
EP 200A
PG 1
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA 084SG
UT WOS:000240554100626
ER

PT J
AU Bhide, SR
   Michaleris, P
   Posada, M
   DeLoach, J
AF Bhide, S. R.
   Michaleris, P.
   Posada, M.
   DeLoach, J.
TI Comparison of buckling distortion propensity for SAW, GMAW, and FSW
SO WELDING JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE residual stress; welding distortion; buckling distortion; bowing
   distortion; angular distortion; gas metal arc welding; submerged arc
   welding; friction stir welding
ID RESIDUAL-STRESSES; ALUMINUM-ALLOYS; MODEL
AB Welding induces residual stresses in welded structures that result in bowing, angular, and buckling distortions. The magnitude of longitudinal residual stress is critical in predicting the onset of buckling distortion, which affects numerous welding applications in the shipbuilding, railroad, and other industries. This paper compares submerged arc welding (SAW), gas metal arc welding (GMAW), and friction stir welding (FSW) in terms of their buckling propensity by measuring the longitudinal residual stresses on HSLA-65 steel welded plates of identical dimensions. The blind hole drilling method was used to measure the longitudinal residual stress and distortion measurements were obtained by using digital gauges at 40 points on the plates. Analyses of the longitudinal residual stresses and distortion measurements revealed that the FS-welded plate has buckling distortion, while the GMAW and SAW plates have angular and bowing distortions.
C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
   USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Annapolis, MD USA.
RP Bhide, SR (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM srb252@psu.edu; pxm32@psu.edu
NR 31
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER WELDING SOC
PI MIAMI
PA 550 N W LEJEUNE RD, MIAMI, FL 33126 USA
SN 0043-2296
J9 WELD J
JI Weld. J.
PD SEP
PY 2006
VL 85
IS 9
BP 189S
EP 195S
PG 7
WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 080JN
UT WOS:000240243900029
ER

PT J
AU Borodin, O
   Smith, GD
   Henderson, W
AF Borodin, Oleg
   Smith, Grant D.
   Henderson, Wesley
TI Li+ cation environment, transport, and mechanical properties of the
   LiTFSI doped N-methyl-N-alkylpyrrolidinium +TFSI- ionic liquids
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; POLARIZABLE FORCE-FIELDS; LITHIUM METAL;
   PYRROLIDINIUM CATIONS; POLYMER ELECTROLYTES; BATTERIES; CARBONATE;
   MIXTURES; ANIONS
AB Molecular dynamics ( MD) simulations have been performed on N-methyl-N-propylpyrrolidinium bis( trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (mppy(+)TFSI(-)) and N,N-dimethyl-pyrrolidinium bis( trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (mmpy(+)TFSI(+)) ionic liquids (ILs) doped with 0.25 mol fraction LiTFSI salt at 303-500 K. The liquid density, ion self-diffusion coefficients, and conductivity predicted by MD simulations were found to be in good agreement with experimental data, where available. MD simulations reveal that the Li+ environment is similar in mppy(+)TFSI(-) and mmpy(+)TFSI(+) ILs doped with LiTFSI. The Li+ cations were found to be coordinated on average by slightly less than four oxygen atoms with each oxygen atom being contributed by a different TFSI- anion. Significant lithium aggregation by sharing up to three TFSI- anions bridging two lithiums was observed, particularly at lower temperatures where the lithium aggregates were found to be stable for tens of nanoseconds. Polarization of TFSI- anions is largely responsible for the formation of such lithium aggregates. Li+ transport was found to occur primarily by exchange of TFSI- anions in the first coordination shell with a smaller (similar to 30%) contribution also due to Li+ cations diffusing together with their first coordination shell. In both ILs, ion self-diffusion coefficients followed the order Li+ < TFSI- < mmpy(+) or mppy(+) with all ion diffusion in mmpy(+) TFSI- being systematically slower than that in mppy(+) TFSI-. Conductivity due to the Li+ cation in LiTFSI doped mppy(+) TFSI-IL was found to be greater than that for a model poly( ethylene oxide)(PEO)/LiTFSI polymer electrolyte but significantly lower than that for an ethylene carbonate/LiTFSI liquid electrolyte. Finally, the time-dependent shear modulus for the LiTFSI doped ILs was found to be similar to that for a model poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)/LiTFSI polymer electrolyte on the subnanosecond time scale.
C1 Univ Utah, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
   Univ Utah, Dept Chem Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
   USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Borodin, O (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 122 S Cent Campus Dr,Rm 304, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
EM Oleg.Borodin@utah.edu
RI Borodin, Oleg/B-6855-2012
OI Borodin, Oleg/0000-0002-9428-5291
NR 20
TC 145
Z9 146
U1 8
U2 91
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD AUG 31
PY 2006
VL 110
IS 34
BP 16879
EP 16886
DI 10.1021/jp061930t
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 076XB
UT WOS:000239990600013
PM 16927976
ER

PT J
AU Zangmeister, CD
   Robey, SW
   van Zee, RD
   Kushmerick, JG
   Naciri, J
   Yao, Y
   Tour, JM
   Varughese, B
   Xu, B
   Reutt-Robey, JE
AF Zangmeister, C. D.
   Robey, S. W.
   van Zee, R. D.
   Kushmerick, J. G.
   Naciri, J.
   Yao, Y.
   Tour, J. M.
   Varughese, B.
   Xu, B.
   Reutt-Robey, J. E.
TI Fermi level alignment in self-assembled molecular layers: The effect of
   coupling chemistry
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY;
   METAL-SURFACES; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; GOLD ELECTRODES; ADSORPTION;
   MONOLAYERS; AU(111); CONDUCTANCE
AB Photoelectron spectroscopy was used to explore changes in Fermi level alignment, within the pi-pi* gap, arising from modifications to the coupling chemistry of conjugated phenylene ethynylene oligomers to the Au surface. Self-assembled monolayers were formed employing either thiol (4,4'-ethynylphenyl-1-benzenethiol or OPE-T) or isocyanide (4,4'-ethynylphenyl-1-benzeneisocyanide or OPE-NC) coupling. The electronic density of states in the valence region of the two systems are nearly identical with the exception of a shift to higher binding energy by about 0.5 eV for OPE-NC. Corresponding shifts appear in C(1s) spectra and in the threshold near E-F. The lack of change in the optical absorption suggests that a rigid shift of the Fermi level within the pi-pi* gap is the major effect of modifying the coupling chemistry. Qualitative consideration of bonding in each case is used to suggest the influence of chemisorption-induced charge transfer as a potential explanation. Connections to other theoretical and experimental work on the effects of varying coupling chemistries are also discussed.
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Rice Univ, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
   Rice Univ, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
   Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Zangmeister, CD (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM cdzang@nist.gov
RI Reutt-Robey, Janice /C-3517-2009; Kushmerick, James/C-2882-2008; Xu,
   Bo/C-6925-2008; 
OI Reutt-Robey, Janice /0000-0002-9309-7854; Xu, Bo/0000-0002-9804-1614;
   Tour, James/0000-0002-8479-9328
NR 54
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 3
U2 17
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD AUG 31
PY 2006
VL 110
IS 34
BP 17138
EP 17144
DI 10.1021/jp060228u
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 076XB
UT WOS:000239990600046
PM 16928009
ER

PT J
AU Schwartz, MP
   Barlow, DE
   Russell, JN
   Weidkamp, KP
   Butler, JE
   D'Evelyn, MP
   Hamers, RJ
AF Schwartz, Michael P.
   Barlow, Daniel E.
   Russell, John N., Jr.
   Weidkamp, Kevin P.
   Butler, James E.
   D'Evelyn, Mark P.
   Hamers, Robert J.
TI Semiconductor surface-induced 1,3-hydrogen shift: The role of covalent
   vs zwitterionic character
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; KETO-ENOL TRANSFORMATION; DIELS-ALDER
   CHEMISTRY; SILICON(001) SURFACE; DIMER RECONSTRUCTION; SI(100)-2X1
   SURFACE; ORGANIC-MOLECULES; GAS-PHASE; CYCLOADDITION CHEMISTRY; RADICAL
   CATIONS
AB X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ( FTIR) are used to compare the reaction of 1,2-cyclohexanedione (1,2-CHD) with Si(001) and diamond( 001) surface dimers under ultra-high-vacuum conditions. 1,2-CHD is known to undergo a keto-enol tautomerization, with the monoenol being the primary equilibrium species in the solid and gas phases. XPS and FTIR data demonstrate that 1,2-CHD reacts with diamond( 001) through the OH group of the monoenol, resulting in only one O atom being bonded to the surface. In contrast, XPS and FTIR data suggest that both oxygen atoms in the 1,2-CHD molecule bond via Si-O-C linkages to the Si(001) surface dimer, and that the molecule undergoes an intramolecular 1,3-H shift. While the Si(001) and diamond(001) surfaces are both comprised of surface dimers, the diamond(001) dimer is symmetric, with little charge separation, whereas the Si(001) dimer is tilted and exhibits zwitterionic character. The different reaction products that are observed when clean Si(001) and diamond(001) surfaces are exposed to 1,2-CHD demonstrate the importance of charge separation in promoting a 1,3-H shift and provide new mechanistic insights that may be applicable to a variety of organic reactions.
C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   GE Co, Global Res, Schenectady, NY 12301 USA.
RP Russell, JN (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, 1101 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM john.russell@nrl.navy.mil; rjhamers@facstaff.wisc.edu
RI Butler, James/B-7965-2008; Russell, John/A-3621-2009; Barlow,
   Daniel/C-9006-2013; Schwartz, Michael/B-3417-2008; Schwartz,
   Mike/O-7963-2016; Hamers, Robert/C-6466-2008
OI Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176; Schwartz,
   Michael/0000-0003-3785-6606; Schwartz, Mike/0000-0003-3785-6606; Hamers,
   Robert/0000-0003-3821-9625
NR 64
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 30
PY 2006
VL 128
IS 34
BP 11054
EP 11061
DI 10.1021/ja060598w
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 076BR
UT WOS:000239932500032
PM 16925421
ER

PT J
AU Seferos, DS
   Blum, AS
   Kushmerick, JG
   Bazan, GC
AF Seferos, Dwight S.
   Szuchmacher Blum, Amy
   Kushmerick, James G.
   Bazan, Guillermo C.
TI Single-molecule charge-transport measurements that reveal
   technique-dependent perturbations
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; SELECTIVE
   DEALKYLATION; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; METAL JUNCTIONS;
   CONDUCTANCE; WIRES; GOLD; PARACYCLOPHANE
AB We compare scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) imaging with single-molecule conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM)measurements by probing a series of structurally related thiol-terminated oligo(phenylenevinylene)s (OPVs) designed to have unique charge-transport signatures. When one or two methylene spacers are inserted between the thiol points of attachment and the OPV core, a systematic reduction in the imaged molecular transconductance and the current transmitted through a metal-moleculemetal junction containing the molecule is observed, indicating good agreement between STM and C-AFM measurements. However, a structure where the OPV backbone is interrupted by a [2.2] paracyclophane core has a low molecular transconductance, as determined from STM images, and a high measured single-molecule conductance. This apparent disconnect can be understood by comparing the calculated molecular orbital topology of the OPV with one thiol bound to a gold surface (the geometry in the STM experiment) with the topology of the molecule with both thiol termini bound to gold (relevant to C-AFM). In the former case, a single contact splits low-lying molecular orbitals into two discrete fragments, and in the latter case, molecular orbitals that span the entire molecule are observed. Although the difference in observed conductance between the two different measurements is resolved, the overall set of observations highlights the importance of using combined techniques to better characterize charge-transport properties relevant to molecular electronics.
C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem, Inst Polymers & Organ Solids, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
   Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Biochem, Inst Polymers & Organ Solids, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
   Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Inst Polymers & Organ Solids, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kushmerick, JG (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem, Inst Polymers & Organ Solids, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM james.kushmerick@nist.gov; bazan@chem.ucsb.edu
RI Kushmerick, James/C-2882-2008; Bazan, Guillermo/B-7625-2014
NR 50
TC 43
Z9 44
U1 1
U2 22
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 30
PY 2006
VL 128
IS 34
BP 11260
EP 11267
AR JA062898J
DI 10.1021/ja062898j
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 076BR
UT WOS:000239932500056
PM 16925445
ER

PT J
AU Biswal, S
   O'Connor, SP
   Bowman, SR
AF Biswal, Subrat
   O'Connor, Shawn P.
   Bowman, Steven R.
TI Nonradiative losses in Yb: KGd(WO4)(2) and Yb: Y3Al5O12
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID LASER; YAG; CRYSTALS
AB Photothermal deflection spectroscopy was used to measure nonradiative losses in Yb:KGW and Yb:YAG (for both crystal and for the first time in ceramic form). Fluorescent quantum efficiencies for both materials were found to be greater than 98.9%. The reduction of nonradiative losses due to annealing of Yb:YAG is also presented. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Biswal, S (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5650,4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM sbiswal@ccs.nrl.navy.mil
NR 13
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 28
PY 2006
VL 89
IS 9
AR 091911
DI 10.1063/1.2335774
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 080GT
UT WOS:000240236600040
ER

PT J
AU Stievater, TH
   Rabinovich, WS
   Ferraro, MS
   Papanicolaou, NA
   Boos, JB
   McGill, RA
   Stepnowski, JL
   Houser, EJ
AF Stievater, T. H.
   Rabinovich, W. S.
   Ferraro, M. S.
   Papanicolaou, N. A.
   Boos, J. B.
   McGill, R. A.
   Stepnowski, J. L.
   Houser, E. J.
TI All-optical micromechanical chemical sensors
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROCANTILEVERS; SYSTEMS; NOISE
AB The authors describe experimental results from micromechanical resonators coated with a chemoselective polymer that detect chemical vapors from volatile organic compounds using all-optical interrogation. The shift in the resonant frequency of the gold microbeam is read out using photothermal actuation and microcavity interferometry. Response times of less than 5 s are achieved for vapor concentrations as low as 60 ppm using optical powers of a few megawatts. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   William J Hughes Tech Ctr, Transportat Secur Lab, Atlantic City, NJ 08405 USA.
RP Stievater, TH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM stievater@nrl.navy.mil
NR 15
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 28
PY 2006
VL 89
IS 9
AR 091125
DI 10.1063/1.2344936
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 080GT
UT WOS:000240236600025
ER

PT J
AU Gondarenko, NA
   Ossakow, SL
   Milikh, GM
AF Gondarenko, N. A.
   Ossakow, S. L.
   Milikh, G. M.
TI Nonlinear evolution of thermal self-focusing instability in ionospheric
   modifications at high latitudes: Aspect angle dependence
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID HF RADIO-WAVES; ELECTROMAGNETIC-WAVES; STRIATIONS; AIRGLOW; PLASMAS
AB A first simulation study for the nonlinear evolution of the thermal self-focusing instability at high latitudes to examine the dependence of the nonlinear effects on the direction of the heater beam is presented. We demonstrate that due to a local heating of the F region anisotropic plasma, field-aligned bunch-scale structures with a strong enhancement of the electron temperature and negative density perturbations inside these structures are developed. The electron temperature increases up to more than 200% of the background when the incident beam is near the magnetic zenith, as observed in the heating experiment at the EISCAT high-latitude facility (Rietveld et al., 2003). The values of the simulated electron temperature enhancements show a strong dependence on the heater beam direction that is in very good agreement with the EISCAT observations.
C1 Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Gondarenko, NA (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM ngondare@umd.edu; ossakow@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; milikh@astro.umd.edu
NR 22
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 26
PY 2006
VL 33
IS 16
AR L16104
DI 10.1029/2006GL025916
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 078JU
UT WOS:000240099800001
ER

PT J
AU Sorooshian, A
   Varutbangkul, V
   Brechtel, FJ
   Ervens, B
   Feingold, G
   Bahreini, R
   Murphy, SM
   Holloway, JS
   Atlas, EL
   Buzorius, G
   Jonsson, H
   Flagan, RC
   Seinfeld, JH
AF Sorooshian, Armin
   Varutbangkul, Varuntida
   Brechtel, Fred J.
   Ervens, Barbara
   Feingold, Graham
   Bahreini, Roya
   Murphy, Shane M.
   Holloway, John S.
   Atlas, Elliot L.
   Buzorius, Gintas
   Jonsson, Haflidi
   Flagan, Richard C.
   Seinfeld, John H.
TI Oxalic acid in clear and cloudy atmospheres: Analysis of data from
   International Consortium for Atmospheric Research on Transport and
   Transformation 2004
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLUBLE DICARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; AEROSOL CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS; SECONDARY
   ORGANIC AEROSOL; CONDENSATION NUCLEI; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; PARTICULATE
   MATTER; ARCTIC ATMOSPHERE; MARINE ATMOSPHERE; POLAR SUNRISE; WATER
AB Oxalic acid is often the leading contributor to the total dicarboxylic acid mass in ambient organic aerosol particles. During the 2004 International Consortium for Atmospheric Research on Transport and Transformation (ICARTT) field campaign, nine inorganic ions (including SO42-) and five organic acid ions (including oxalate) were measured on board the Center for Interdisciplinary Remotely Piloted Aircraft Studies (CIRPAS) Twin Otter research aircraft by a particle-into-liquid sampler (PILS) during flights over Ohio and surrounding areas. Five local atmospheric conditions were studied: (1) cloud-free air, (2) power plant plume in cloud-free air with precipitation from scattered clouds overhead, (3) power plant plume in cloud-free air, (4) power plant plume in cloud, and (5) clouds uninfluenced by local pollution sources. The aircraft sampled from two inlets: a counterflow virtual impactor (CVI) to isolate droplet residuals in clouds and a second inlet for sampling total aerosol. A strong correlation was observed between oxalate and SO42- when sampling through both inlets in clouds. Predictions from a chemical cloud parcel model considering the aqueous-phase production of dicarboxylic acids and SO42- show good agreement for the relative magnitude of SO42- and oxalate growth for two scenarios: power plant plume in clouds and clouds uninfluenced by local pollution sources. The relative contributions of the two aqueous-phase routes responsible for oxalic acid formation were examined; the oxidation of glyoxylic acid was predicted to dominate over the decay of longer-chain dicarboxylic acids. Clear evidence is presented for aqueous-phase oxalic acid production as the primary mechanism for oxalic acid formation in ambient aerosols.
C1 CALTECH, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
   CALTECH, Dept Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
   Brechtel Mfg Inc, Hayward, CA USA.
   Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
   NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
   Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Div Marine & Atmospher Chem, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
   USN, Ctr Interdisciplinary Remotely Piloted Aircraft S, Postgrad Sch, Marina, CA 93933 USA.
RP Sorooshian, A (reprint author), CALTECH, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM seinfeld@caltech.edu
RI Holloway, John/F-9911-2012; Ervens, Barbara/D-5495-2013; Feingold,
   Graham/B-6152-2009; Atlas, Elliot/J-8171-2015; Manager, CSD
   Publications/B-2789-2015; 
OI Holloway, John/0000-0002-4585-9594; Ervens, Barbara/0000-0002-6223-1635;
   Sorooshian, Armin/0000-0002-2243-2264
NR 54
TC 108
Z9 109
U1 4
U2 42
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 26
PY 2006
VL 111
IS D23
AR D23S45
DI 10.1029/2005JD006880
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 078KE
UT WOS:000240100800001
ER

PT J
AU Emmert, JT
   Meier, RR
   Picone, JM
   Lean, JL
   Christensen, AB
AF Emmert, J. T.
   Meier, R. R.
   Picone, J. M.
   Lean, J. L.
   Christensen, A. B.
TI Thermospheric density 2002-2004: TIMED/GUVI dayside limb observations
   and satellite drag
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ULTRAVIOLET IMAGER GUVI; ART.; ATMOSPHERE; DECREASE; MISSION; DAYGLOW;
   MODEL
AB We use TIMED/GUVI dayside limb observations of thermospheric far ultraviolet (FUV) dayglow to infer height profiles of total mass density during the period 2002-2004. We compare these data with total mass density derived from drag-induced changes in the orbits of satellites with perigee heights ranging from 200 to 600 km. To accommodate sampling differences, we compute the ratio of observed total mass density, filtered on a 3-day timescale, to that predicted by the NRLMSISE-00 empirical model. The GUVI densities are in good agreement with the orbit-derived densities in the 300 500 km range, where the correlation of the two independent measurements is similar to 0.68 and the relative bias is less than 5%, which is within the absolute uncertainty of the drag results. Of interest is a prolonged depletion of upper thermospheric density (relative to NRLMSIS) during July 2002, when densities from both techniques were 20-35% smaller than those predicted by NRLMSIS. Our results represent the first validation of absolute densities derived from FUV limb scanning.
C1 USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Northrop Gruman Space Technol, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA.
   George Mason Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RP Emmert, JT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Code 7643,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM john.emmert@nrl.navy.mil
RI Meier, Robert/G-4749-2014; 
OI Meier, Robert/0000-0001-8497-7115; Lean, Judith/0000-0002-0087-9639
NR 18
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD AUG 24
PY 2006
VL 111
IS A10
AR A10S16
DI 10.1029/2005JA011495
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 078KX
UT WOS:000240102800003
ER

PT J
AU Nichols, BM
   Metz, KM
   Tse, KY
   Butler, JE
   Russell, JN
   Hamers, RJ
AF Nichols, Beth M.
   Metz, Kevin M.
   Tse, Kiu-Yuen
   Butler, James E.
   Russell, John N., Jr.
   Hamers, Robert J.
TI Electrical bias dependent photochemical functionalization of diamond
   surfaces
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL DIAMOND; PHOTOELECTRON YIELD SPECTROSCOPY;
   VAPOR-DEPOSITED DIAMOND; THIN-FILMS; WORK FUNCTION; RADICAL INITIATORS;
   PROTEIN ADSORPTION; AFFINITY DIAMOND; ALKYL MONOLAYERS; MODIFIED SILICON
AB Diamond is an excellent substrate for many sensing and electronic applications because of its outstanding stability in biological and aqueous environments. When the diamond surface is H-terminated, it can be covalently modified with organic alkenes using wet photochemical methods that are surface-mediated and initiated by the ejection of electrons from the diamond. To develop a better understanding of the photochemical reaction mechanism, we examine the effect of applying an electrical bias to the diamond samples during the photochemical reaction. Applying a 1 V potential between two diamond electrodes significantly increases the rate of functionalization of the negative electrode. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance measurements show that the 1 V potential induces strong downward band-bending within the diamond film of the negative electrode. At higher voltages a Faradaic current is observed, with no further acceleration of the functionalization rate. We attribute the bias-dependent changes in rate to a field effect, in which the applied potential induces a strong downward band-bending on the negative electrode and facilitates the ejection of electrons into the adjacent fluid of reactant organic alkenes. We also demonstrate the ability to directly photopattern the surface with reactant molecules on length scales of < 25 Am, the smallest we have measured, using simple photomasking techniques.
C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Surface Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Hamers, RJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, 1101 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM rjhamers@wisc.edu
RI Butler, James/B-7965-2008; Russell, John/A-3621-2009; Hamers,
   Robert/C-6466-2008
OI Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176; Hamers, Robert/0000-0003-3821-9625
NR 58
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD AUG 24
PY 2006
VL 110
IS 33
BP 16535
EP 16543
DI 10.1021/jp062443g
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 074NB
UT WOS:000239818000056
PM 16913787
ER

PT J
AU Sastry, M
   Brown, C
   Wagner, G
   Clark, TD
AF Sastry, Mallika
   Brown, Christopher
   Wagner, Gerhard
   Clark, Thomas D.
TI Cyclic peptide helices: A hybrid beta-hairpin/beta-helical
   supersecondary structure
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID D,L-ALTERNATING OLIGONORLEUCINE; GRAMICIDIN-A; BOC-(L-VAL-D-VAL)4-OME;
   CYCLOHEXANE; VALINE; NMR
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biol Chem & Mol Pharmacol, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
RP Clark, TD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM thomas.clark@nrl.navy.mil
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM47467]
NR 19
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 23
PY 2006
VL 128
IS 33
BP 10650
EP 10651
DI 10.1021/ja062737f
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 074CW
UT WOS:000239791100008
PM 16910638
ER

PT J
AU Gao, HX
   Ye, CF
   Winter, RW
   Gard, GL
   Sitzmann, ME
   Shreeve, JM
AF Gao, Haixiang
   Ye, Chengfeng
   Winter, Rolf W.
   Gard, Gary L.
   Sitzmann, Michael E.
   Shreeve, Jean'ne M.
TI Pentafluorosulfanyl (SF(5)) containing energetic salts
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE ionic liquids; pentafluorosulfanylnitramide; quaternization; salts;
   heats of formation; energetic materials
ID IONIC LIQUIDS
AB New quaternary salts of pentafluorosulfanyl-substituted (SF(5)) N-methylimidazole (1), 4 -amino- 1, 2,4 -triazole (3) or pyridine (5) were prepared and characterized. Most of the salts exhibit good thermal stabilities and low melting points placing them in the ionic liquid class. Their densities range between 1.4 and 1.8 g/cm(3). The standard enthalpies of formation for the new salts were calculated by the use of computationally feasible DFT(B3LYP) and MP2 methods in conjunction with an empirical approach based on densities of salts.
C1 Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
   Portland State Univ, Dept Chem, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
   USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
RP Shreeve, JM (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
EM jshreeve@uidaho.edu
NR 32
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1434-1948
J9 EUR J INORG CHEM
JI Eur. J. Inorg. Chem.
PD AUG 21
PY 2006
IS 16
BP 3221
EP 3226
DI 10.1002/ejic.200600098
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA 080PD
UT WOS:000240259100011
ER

PT J
AU Morgan, CW
   Kochanek, CS
   Morgan, ND
   Falco, EE
AF Morgan, Christopher W.
   Kochanek, C. S.
   Morgan, Nicholas D.
   Falco, Emilio E.
TI Microlensing of the lensed quasar SDSS 0924+0219
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion, accretion disks; dark matter; gravitational lensing; quasars
   : individual (SDSS 0924+0219); stars : fundamental parameters
ID GRAVITATIONAL LENSES; DARK-MATTER; SUBHALO POPULATIONS; EINSTEIN RINGS;
   FIELD GALAXIES; TIME DELAYS; EVOLUTION; SDSS-J0924+0219; REDSHIFT;
   HALOES
AB We analyze V-, I-, and H-band HST images and two seasons of R-band monitoring data for the gravitationally lensed quasar SDSS 0924+0219. We clearly see that image D is a point-source image of the quasar at the center of its host galaxy. We can easily track the host galaxy of the quasar close to image D because microlensing has provided a natural coronograph that suppresses the flux of the quasar image by roughly an order of magnitude. We observe low-amplitude, uncorrelated variability between the four quasar images due to microlensing, but no correlated variations that could be used to measure a time delay. Monte Carlo models of the microlensing variability provide estimates of the mean stellar mass in the lens galaxy ( 0: 03 h(2) M-circle dot less than or similar to < M > greater than or similar to 2.0 h(2) M-circle dot), the accretion disk size ( the disk temperature is 5 x 10(4) K at 1.3 x 10(14) h(-1) cm less than or similar to r(s) less than or similar to 4.7 x 10(14) h(-1) cm), and the black hole mass (6.6 x 10(6) M-circle dot less than or similar to M-BH h(3/2) eta(-1/2)(0.1) (L/L-Edd)(1/2) less than or similar to 4.4 x 10(7) M-circle dot), all at 68% confidence. The black hole mass estimate based on microlensing is mildly inconsistent with an estimate of M-BH (2.8 +/- 0: 9) x 10(8) M-circle dot from the Mg II emission-line width. If we extrapolate the best-fitting light curve models into the future, we expect images A and B to fade and images C and D to brighten. In particular, we estimate that image D has a roughly 16% probability of brightening by a factor of 2 during the next year and a 40% probability of brightening by an order of magnitude over the next decade.
C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43021 USA.
   USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
   Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Morgan, CW (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43021 USA.
EM cmorgan@usna.edu; ckochanek@astronomy.ohio-state.edu;
   nmorgan@astronomy.ohio-state.edu; efalco@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 34
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 20
PY 2006
VL 647
IS 2
BP 874
EP 885
DI 10.1086/505569
PN 1
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 074RR
UT WOS:000239830000013
ER

PT J
AU Patsourakos, S
   Klimchuk, JA
AF Patsourakos, S.
   Klimchuk, J. A.
TI Nonthermal spectral line broadening and the nanoflare model
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE hydrodynamics; Sun : corona
ID SOLAR ACTIVE-REGION; CLOSED CORONAL STRUCTURES; DRIVEN ALFVEN WAVES;
   LATE-TYPE STARS; TRANSITION-REGION; EMISSION-LINES; FORBIDDEN LINES;
   FLARING LOOPS; QUIET-SUN; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS
AB A number of theoretical and observational considerations suggest that coronal loops are bundles of unresolved, impulsively heated strands. This "nanoflare'' model, as it is sometimes called, predicts high-speed evaporative upflows, which might be revealed as nonthermal broadening of spectral line profiles. We have therefore generated synthetic line profile observations based on one-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations for comparison with actual observations. The predicted profiles for Ne VIII (770.4 angstrom), a transition region line, and Mg x (624.9 angstrom), a warm coronal line, have modest broadening that agrees well with existing observations. The predicted profiles for Fe XVII (254.87 angstrom), a hot line that will be observed by the Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer ( EIS) on the Solar-B mission, are somewhat broader and are also consistent with the limited number of hot line observations that are currently available. Moreover, depending on the properties of the assumed nanoflare and other parameters of the simulation, the Fe XVII profile can have distinctive enhancements in the line wing. This indicates a powerful diagnostic capability that can be exploited once Solar-B is launched.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   George Mason Univ, Sch Computat Sci, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RP Patsourakos, S (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM patsourakos@nrl.navy.mil
RI Klimchuk, James/D-1041-2012
OI Klimchuk, James/0000-0003-2255-0305
NR 99
TC 87
Z9 87
U1 2
U2 8
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 20
PY 2006
VL 647
IS 2
BP 1452
EP 1465
DI 10.1086/505517
PN 1
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 074RR
UT WOS:000239830000060
ER

PT J
AU Rinke, A
   Maslowski, W
   Dethloff, K
   Clement, J
AF Rinke, Annette
   Maslowski, Wieslaw
   Dethloff, Klaus
   Clement, Jaclyn
TI Influence of sea ice on the atmosphere: A study with an Arctic
   atmospheric regional climate model
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; WINTER CIRCULATION; FRAM STRAIT; BARENTS
   SEA; OCEAN MODEL; IMPACT; VARIABILITY; ANOMALIES; SST; SIMULATIONS
AB [ 1] The impact of the lower-boundary forcing over ocean grid points, namely of sea surface temperature (SST), sea ice fraction, and sea ice thickness, on the mean atmospheric simulation is investigated with an Arctic atmospheric regional climate model. The assessment shows that the sea ice/SST forcing has an impact on the atmospheric simulations. The near-surface air temperature response shows a strong, seasonally dependent sensitivity to sea ice changes. The response is small in summer but significant in winter, and changes in the marginal ice zone have the largest impact on the atmosphere. During winter, the realistic representation of the marginal sea ice zone is important as it contributes to the simulation of regional atmospheric circulation patterns and temperature profiles. Changes in sea ice thickness of the western Arctic lower boundary indicate an Arctic-wide response in the large-scale circulation and seem to have an impact on the troposphere-stratosphere coupling. During summer the direct thermodynamic effect of sea ice changes is small, while the dynamic response is still of importance but smaller than in winter.
C1 Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany.
   USN, Dept Oceanog, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Rinke, A (reprint author), Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, Telegrafenberg A43, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany.
EM arinke@awi-potsdam.de
RI Dethloff, Klaus/B-4879-2014; Rinke, Annette/B-4922-2014
OI Rinke, Annette/0000-0002-6685-9219
NR 42
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 18
PY 2006
VL 111
IS D16
AR D16103
DI 10.1029/2005JD006957
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 076XS
UT WOS:000239992400005
ER

PT J
AU Tsiper, EV
AF Tsiper, E. V.
TI Fractional charge revealed in computer simulations of resonant tunneling
   in the fractional quantum Hall regime
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID HILBERT-SPACE; EDGE; EXCITATIONS; CLUSTERS; DENSITY; PHASE; STATE
AB The concept of fractional charge is central to the theory of the fractional quantum Hall effect. Here I use exact diagonalization as well as configuration space renormalization to study finite clusters which are large enough to contain two independent edges. I analyze the conditions of resonant tunneling between the two edges. The "computer experiment" reveals a periodic sequence of resonant tunneling events consistent with the experimentally observed fractional quantization of electric charge in units of e/3 and e/5.
C1 George Mason Univ, Sch Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Tsiper, EV (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Sch Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM etsiper@gmu.edu
NR 33
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 18
PY 2006
VL 97
IS 7
AR 076802
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.076802
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 074WI
UT WOS:000239842100048
ER

PT J
AU Platino, M
   Inan, US
   Bell, TF
   Parrot, M
   Kennedy, EJ
AF Platino, M.
   Inan, U. S.
   Bell, T. F.
   Parrot, M.
   Kennedy, E. J.
TI DEMETER observations of ELF waves injected with the HAARP HF transmitter
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID VLF WAVES; CLUSTER OBSERVATIONS; POLAR ELECTROJET; LOWER IONOSPHERE;
   MAGNETOSPHERE; GENERATION; MODULATION; SIGNALS
AB Modulated HF heating of the auroral electrojet is used to inject ELF signals into the magnetosphere that are observed on the low altitude DEMETER spacecraft. The HF heater is a component of the High-Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) facility in Gakona, Alaska, ( located at L similar to 4.9). Simultaneous observations of all six components of the ELF electromagnetic fields on the DEMETER spacecraft are used to estimate the total ELF power radiated downward into the Earth-ionosphere waveguide. ELF signals generated by the HAARP heater are also simultaneously observed at a nearby ground-based site, allowing a comparison of the ELF power in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide versus that detected on DEMETER. The estimated values of power onboard DEMETER at different frequencies range from 0.32W to 4W, while the values of power estimated from a ground receiver at a distance of 36 km from HAARP range from 2.71W to 4.22W.
C1 Stanford Univ, STAR Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   CNRS, Lab Phys & Chim Environm, F-45071 Orleans 02, France.
RP Platino, M (reprint author), Stanford Univ, STAR Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM platinum@stanford.edu
NR 19
TC 21
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 17
PY 2006
VL 33
IS 16
AR L16101
DI 10.1029/2006GL026462
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 076XL
UT WOS:000239991600001
ER

PT J
AU Gao, GT
   Van Workum, K
   Schall, JD
   Harrison, JA
AF Gao, Guangtu
   Van Workum, Kevin
   Schall, J. David
   Harrison, Judith A.
TI Elastic constants of diamond from molecular dynamics simulations
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Low Friction Coatings on Glass and Ceramics
CY APR, 2005
CL Baltimore, MD
SP Natl Sci Fdn, NIH
ID MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; TILT GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; ATOMIC-SCALE FRICTION;
   MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CARBON-FILMS; ANISOTROPIC SOLIDS;
   TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; STATISTICAL ENSEMBLES; STRAIN FLUCTUATIONS;
   THERMAL-EXPANSION
AB The elastic constants of diamond between 100 and 1100 K have been calculated for the first time using molecular dynamics and the second-generation, reactive empirical bond-order potential (REBO). This version of the REBO potential was used because it was redesigned to be able to model the elastic properties of diamond and graphite at 0 K while maintaining its original capabilities. The independent elastic constants of diamond, C-11, C-12, and C-44, and the bulk modulus were all calculated as a function of temperature, and the results from the three different methods are in excellent agreement. By extrapolating the elastic constant data to 0 K, it is clear that the values obtained here agree with the previously calculated 0 K elastic constants. Because the second-generation REBO potential was fit to obtain better solid-state force constants for diamond and graphite, the agreement with the 0 K elastic constants is not surprising. In addition, the functional form of the second-generation REBO potential is able to qualitatively model the functional dependence of the elastic constants and bulk modulus of diamond at non-zero temperatures. In contrast, reactive potentials based on other functional forms do not reproduce the correct temperature dependence of the elastic constants. The second-generation REBO potential also correctly predicts that diamond has a negative Cauchy pressure in the temperature range examined.
C1 USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Harrison, JA (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM jah@usna.edu
RI Gao, Guangtu/F-4541-2012
NR 83
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 3
U2 22
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-8984
J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT
JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter
PD AUG 16
PY 2006
VL 18
IS 32
BP S1737
EP S1750
DI 10.1088/0953-8984/18/32/S05
PG 14
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 070XB
UT WOS:000239558500037
PM 21690861
ER

PT J
AU Archer, MJ
   Lin, BC
   Wang, Z
   Stenger, DA
AF Archer, Marie J.
   Lin, Baochuan
   Wang, Zheng
   Stenger, David A.
TI Magnetic bead-based solid phase for selective extraction of genomic DNA
SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE solid phase; selective extraction; phosphorus dendrimers; genomic DNA
ID NUCLEIC-ACIDS; PHOSPHORUS DENDRIMERS; COVALENT BINDING; PROBE DENSITY;
   HYBRIDIZATION; MICROARRAYS; IMMOBILIZATION; SURFACES; CAPTURE;
   PURIFICATION
AB Magnetic bead-based solid phases are widely used for the separation of nucleic acids from complex mixtures. The challenge to selectively separate specific DNA molecules (via complementary hybridization) in a single step is the selection of a linker between the capture probe and the solid support that can be exposed to high temperatures in the presence of a high salt media. This article presents a general platform for the fabrication of a magnetic bead-based selective solid phase that can be used for subtractive hybridization or sequence capture applications. Phosphorus dendrimers are used for the first time as linkers in a magnetic bead-based selective solid phase for capture of genomic DNA. Aside from providing a high loading capacity, they render a stable bond between the capture probe and the surface under the high temperature and salt conditions required for denaturation and capture to proceed in a single step. The thermal stability of the solid phase under these conditions is first demonstrated by hybridizing a Cy3-labeled target. The selective capture of DNA targets in a single step is then demonstrated by subtractive hybridization of fragmented human genomic DNA. The specificity and selectivity of the solid phase are demonstrated by the recovery of adenovirus serotype 4 DNA spiked into the human DNA target. The effect of steric and electrostatic constraints was also investigated by using dendrimers of different generations that vary in their size and the number of branches. The results demonstrate that this platform can be used for single-step subtractive hybridization applications with better performance over the conventional two-step method using streptavidin-coated magnetic beads. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Lin, BC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM blin@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil
RI Lin, Baochuan/A-8390-2009
OI Lin, Baochuan/0000-0002-9484-0785
NR 41
TC 33
Z9 35
U1 5
U2 28
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0003-2697
J9 ANAL BIOCHEM
JI Anal. Biochem.
PD AUG 15
PY 2006
VL 355
IS 2
BP 285
EP 297
DI 10.1016/j.ab.2006.05.005
PG 13
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology;
   Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 071XX
UT WOS:000239638300015
PM 16764814
ER

PT J
AU Zhilyaev, AP
   Swisher, DL
   Oh-ishi, K
   Langdon, TG
   McNelley, TR
AF Zhilyaev, A. P.
   Swisher, D. L.
   Oh-ishi, K.
   Langdon, T. G.
   McNelley, T. R.
TI Microtexture and microstructure evolution during processing of pure
   aluminum by repetitive ECAP
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
   MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminum; equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP); texture; orientation
   imaging microscopy (OIM); deformation banding; grain boundaries
ID CHANNEL ANGULAR EXTRUSION; TEXTURE DEVELOPMENT; GRAIN-SIZE;
   PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; MODELING TEXTURE; MG ALLOY; BOUNDARIES; TORSION;
   AL; REFINEMENT
AB Microtexture and microstructure evolution during repetitive equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) of pure aluminum through a 90 degrees die was evaluated by orientation imaging microscopy (OIM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Billet distortion appears to conform to the idealized ECAP model. After the initial pass, the textures were inhomogeneous but one or more shear-texture components and long-range lattice rotations were apparent. Following repetitive ECAP, the textures became more homogeneous but still included either two or three distinct shear-texture orientations. The OIM and TEM data revealed meso-scale deformation bands that were inclined at about 26 degrees to the axis of the as-pressed samples and that involved alternation of lattice orientations between distinct shear-texture orientations. The band interfaces were of high disorientation (40-62.8 degrees) and were distinct boundaries in TEM. The evolution of the band structures during repetitive ECAP accounts for an increasing population of high-angle boundaries in repetitively processed materials. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
   Univ So Calif, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
   Univ So Calif, Dept Mat Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
RP McNelley, TR (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, 700 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM TMcNelley@nps.edu
RI Langdon, Terence/B-1487-2008; Zhilyaev, Alexander/E-5624-2010; 
OI Zhilyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1902-8703
NR 40
TC 61
Z9 66
U1 3
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0921-5093
J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process.
PD AUG 15
PY 2006
VL 429
IS 1-2
BP 137
EP 148
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2006.05.009
PG 12
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
   Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
   Metallurgical Engineering
GA 072PS
UT WOS:000239685900019
ER

PT J
AU Pandey, RB
   Gettrust, JF
AF Pandey, RB
   Gettrust, JF
TI Eruptive flow response in a multi-component driven system by an
   interacting lattice gas simulation
SO PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE eruptive flow; interacting lattice gas; computer simulation; modeling;
   multi-component; driven system
ID CONTINENTAL-SHELF; PHASE-SEPARATION; MUD VOLCANOS; DYNAMICS;
   SEDIMENTATION; MIXTURES; HYDRATE; METHANE; MATTER; FLUID
AB An interacting lattice gas model is used to study flow of immiscible components A and B (molecular weights M-A and M-B,M-A < M-B) by Monte Carlo simulations. Concentration gradients and hydrostatic pressure bias (H) drive these constituents from their source at the bottom against gravitational sedimentation in an effective medium. Response of their flux densities (j(A),j(B)) to the hydrostatic bias H are examined. If both constituents are released with equal probabilities (a non-interacting source), their flux densities respond linearly to bias with j(A)> j(B) except at the extreme bias H -> I where jA -> jB. Flow response becomes complex if the constituents from their source are released according to their current lattice concentrations (an interacting source): a crossover occurs from j(A)> j(B) at low bias (H < 0.4) to j(B)> j(A) at higher bias (H > 0.4). Constituent with the lower molecular weight (A) responds linearly on increasing the bias except at very high bias (H > 0.8) where the response becomes negative. The heavier component (B) responds non-linearly: a high response at low values of H is followed by a linear response before the onset of eruptive response at high range of H. The volatility parameter diverges as eruption occurs at H -> 1. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 Univ So Mississippi, Dept Phys & Astron, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Pandey, RB (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Dept Phys & Astron, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
EM ras.pandey@usm.edu
NR 43
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-4371
J9 PHYSICA A
JI Physica A
PD AUG 15
PY 2006
VL 368
IS 2
BP 416
EP 424
DI 10.1016/j.physa.2006.01.086
PG 9
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 059SX
UT WOS:000238753600009
ER

PT J
AU Jones, GM
   Hu, BH
   Yang, CH
   Yang, MJ
   Hajdaj, R
   Hehein, G
AF Jones, G. M.
   Hu, B. H.
   Yang, C. H.
   Yang, M. J.
   Hajdaj, Russell
   Hehein, Gerard
TI Enhancement-mode metal-oxide-semiconductor single-electron transistor on
   pure silicon
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM DOTS; 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON
AB The authors demonstrate a silicon-based single-electron transistor (SET) in the few-electron regime. Our structure is similar to a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor. The substrate, however, is undoped and could be isotope enriched so that any nonuniformity and spin decoherence due to impurity and nuclear spins can be minimized. A bilayer-gated configuration provides flexibility in manipulating single electrons. The stability chart measured at 4.2 K shows diamondlike domains with a charging energy of 18 meV, indicating a quantum dot of 20 nm in diameter. The benefits of using this enhancement-mode SET in silicon and its potential application for scalable quantum computing are discussed. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20904 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Jones, GM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20904 USA.
EM yang@ece.umd.edu
NR 17
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 14
PY 2006
VL 89
IS 7
AR 073106
DI 10.1063/1.2337273
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 074WL
UT WOS:000239842400070
ER

PT J
AU Kuklja, MM
   Rashkeev, SN
   Zerilli, FJ
AF Kuklja, M. M.
   Rashkeev, S. N.
   Zerilli, F. J.
TI Shear-strain induced decomposition of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS METHODS; PENTAERYTHRITOL TETRANITRATE; ELECTRONIC
   EXCITATIONS; CYCLOTRIMETHYLENE TRINITRAMINE; CRYSTAL ORIENTATION;
   INITIATION; COMPRESSION; MECHANISM; METALS
AB The structural and electronic features of shear strains in the molecular crystal 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene and their effect on decomposition of the material are investigated. The authors demonstrate that shear strains lower the decomposition barrier and narrow the band gap of the solid and thus facilitate thermal chemistry in molecular materials. The appearance of defect-related electronic states in the band gap is consistent with previous results for dislocation modeling in molecular solids and with experiments on energetic materials. The dynamic behavior of the band gap contains a rich variety of information about the details of the decomposition processes at the initiation stage. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
   Natl Sci Fdn, Div Mat Res, Arlington, VA 22230 USA.
   Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
   Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
   USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Res & Technol Dept, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
RP Kuklja, MM (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
EM mkukla@nsf.gov
NR 31
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 14
PY 2006
VL 89
IS 7
AR 071904
DI 10.1063/1.2335680
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 074WL
UT WOS:000239842400022
ER

PT J
AU van't Erve, OMJ
   Kioseoglou, G
   Hanbicki, AT
   Li, CH
   Jonker, BT
AF van't Erve, O. M. J.
   Kioseoglou, G.
   Hanbicki, A. T.
   Li, C. H.
   Jonker, B. T.
TI Remanent electrical spin injection from Fe into AlGaAs/GaAs light
   emitting diodes
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM-WELLS; CONTACTS; BARRIER; GAAS
AB We compare surface and edge emission electroluminescence of spin-polarized light emitting diodes with Fe contacts. The edge emission geometry permits transduction of the spin state variable between the electron spin and optical polarization utilizing the in-plane remanent magnetization and low coercive fields of the metal contacts. The spin injection efficiencies are similar for electron spins oriented normal to the surface plane and in plane. The lower circular polarization consistently observed in edge emission at low magnetic fields is attributed to a partial out-of-plane orientation of the heavy hole angular momentum which persists even in wide quantum wells. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP van't Erve, OMJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM olaf.van.t.erve@philips.com; berend.jonker@nrl.navy.mil
RI Schaff, William/B-5839-2009
NR 20
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 14
PY 2006
VL 89
IS 7
AR 072505
DI 10.1063/1.2337161
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 074WL
UT WOS:000239842400059
ER

PT J
AU Eckermann, SD
   Wu, DL
AF Eckermann, S. D.
   Wu, D. L.
TI Imaging gravity waves in lower stratospheric AMSU-A radiances, Part 1:
   Simple forward model
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERIC-TEMPERATURE; MICROWAVE SPECTROMETER; SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS;
   SOLVE/THESEO 2000; MORPHOLOGY; VARIANCE; LIMB; INSTRUMENTS; CALIBRATION;
   VALIDATION
AB Using a simplified model of in-orbit radiance acquisition by the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU-A), we derive three-dimensional temperature weighting functions for Channel 9 measurements (peaking at similar to 60-90 hPa) at all 30 cross-track beam positions and use them to investigate the sensitivity of these radiances to gravity waves. The vertical widths of the weighting functions limit detection to waves with vertical wavelengths of greater than or similar to 10 km, with slightly better vertical wavelength sensitivity at the outermost scan angles due to the limb effect. Fourier Transforms of two-dimensional cross-track weighting functions reveal optimal sensitivity to cross-track wavelengths at the near-nadir scan angles, where horizontal measurement footprints are smallest. This sensitivity is greater for the AMSU-A on the Aqua satellite than for the identical instruments on the NOAA meteorological satellites, due to a lower orbit altitude and thus smaller horizontal footprints from antenna spreading. Small cross-track asymmetries in the radiance response to gravity waves are found that peak at the mid-range scan angles, with more symmetric responses at near-nadir and far off-nadir scan angles. Three-dimensional simulations show gravity wave oscillations imaged in horizontal AMSU-A radiance maps swept out by the scan pattern and satellite motion. A distorting curvature is added to imaged wave phase lines due to vertical variations in weighting function peaks with cross-track scan angle. This wave distortion is analogous to the well-known "limb darkening" and "limb brightening" of microwave radiances acquired from purely vertical background temperature profiles by cross-track scanners. Waves propagating along track are more visible in these images at the outermost scan angles than those propagating cross track, due to oversampling and narrower widths of the horizontal measurement footprints in the along track direction. Based on nominal noise floors and representative lower stratospheric wave temperature amplitudes, our modeling indicates that Channel 9 AMSU-A radiances can resolve and horizontally image gravity waves with horizontal wavelengths of greater than or similar to 150 km and vertical wavelengths of greater than or similar to 10 km.
C1 USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
RP Eckermann, SD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM stephen.eckermann@nrl.navy.mil
RI Wu, Dong/D-5375-2012
NR 35
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
EI 1680-7324
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 14
PY 2006
VL 6
BP 3325
EP 3341
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 074RI
UT WOS:000239829100001
ER

PT J
AU Eckermann, SD
   Wu, DL
   Doyle, JD
   Burris, JF
   Mcgee, TJ
   Hostetler, CA
   Coy, L
   Lawrence, BN
   Stephens, A
   McCormack, JP
   Hogan, TF
AF Eckermann, S. D.
   Wu, D. L.
   Doyle, J. D.
   Burris, J. F.
   McGee, T. J.
   Hostetler, C. A.
   Coy, L.
   Lawrence, B. N.
   Stephens, A.
   McCormack, J. P.
   Hogan, T. F.
TI Imaging gravity waves in lower stratospheric AMSU-A radiances, Part 2:
   Validation case study
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ECMWF FORECAST MODEL; MOUNTAIN WAVES; TEMPERATURE-MEASUREMENTS;
   SOLVE/THESEO 2000; UNIFIED MODEL; SIMULATIONS; CAMPAIGN; CLOUDS; OZONE;
   LIMB
AB Two-dimensional radiance maps from Channel 9 (similar to 60-90 hPa) of the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU-A), acquired over southern Scandinavia on 14 January 2003, show plane-wave-like oscillations with a wavelength lambda(h) of similar to 400-500 km and peak brightness temperature amplitudes of up to 0.9 K. The wave-like pattern is observed in AMSU-A radiances from 8 overpasses of this region by 4 different satellites, revealing a growth in the disturbance amplitude from 00:00 UTC to 12:00 UTC and a change in its horizontal structure between 12:00 UTC and 20:00 UTC. Forecast and hindcast runs for 14 January 2003 using high-resolution global and regional numerical weather prediction (NWP) models generate a lower stratospheric mountain wave over southern Scandinavia with peak 90 hPa temperature amplitudes of similar to 5-7K at 12:00 UTC and a similar horizontal wavelength, packet width, phase structure and time evolution to the disturbance observed in AMSU-A radiances. The wave's vertical wavelength is similar to 12 km. These NWP fields are validated against radiosonde wind and temperature profiles and airborne lidar profiles of temperature and aerosol backscatter ratios acquired from the NASA DC-8 during the second SAGE III Ozone Loss and Validation Experiment (SOLVE II). Both the amplitude and phase of the stratospheric mountain wave in the various NWP fields agree well with localized perturbation features in these suborbital measurements. In particular, we show that this wave formed the type II polar stratospheric clouds measured by the DC-8 lidar. To compare directly with the AMSU-A data, we convert these validated NWP temperature fields into swath-scanned brightness temperatures using three-dimensional Channel 9 weighting functions and the actual AMSU-A scan patterns from each of the 8 overpasses of this region. These NWP-based brightness temperatures contain two-dimensional oscillations due to this resolved stratospheric mountain wave that have an amplitude, wavelength, horizontal structure and time evolution that closely match those observed in the AMSU-A data. These comparisons not only verify gravity wave detection and horizontal imaging capabilities for AMSU-A Channel 9, but provide an absolute validation of the anticipated radiance signals for a given three-dimensional gravity wave, based on the modeling of Eckermann and Wu (2006).
C1 USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
   USN, Marine Meteorol Div, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
   NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
   NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
   Rutherford Appleton Lab, British Atmospher Data Ctr, Didcot, Oxon, England.
RP Eckermann, SD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM eckermann@nrl.navy.mil
RI McGee, Thomas/G-4951-2013; Wu, Dong/D-5375-2012; 
OI McCormack, John/0000-0002-3674-0508; Lawrence, Bryan/0000-0001-9262-7860
NR 54
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 8
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 14
PY 2006
VL 6
BP 3343
EP 3362
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 074RI
UT WOS:000239829100002
ER

PT J
AU Levan, A
   Fruchter, A
   Rhoads, J
   Mobasher, B
   Tanvir, N
   Gorosabel, J
   Rol, E
   Kouveliotou, C
   Dell'Antonio, I
   Merrill, M
   Bergeron, E
   Ceron, JM
   Masetti, N
   Vreeswijk, P
   Antonelli, A
   Bersier, D
   Castro-Tirado, A
   Fynbo, J
   Garnavich, P
   Holland, S
   Hjorth, J
   Nugent, P
   Pian, E
   Smette, A
   Thomsen, B
   Thorsett, SE
   Wijers, R
AF Levan, Andrew
   Fruchter, Andrew
   Rhoads, James
   Mobasher, Bahram
   Tanvir, Nial
   Gorosabel, Javier
   Rol, Evert
   Kouveliotou, Chryssa
   Dell'Antonio, Ian
   Merrill, Michael
   Bergeron, Eddie
   Castro Ceron, Jose Maria
   Masetti, Nicola
   Vreeswijk, Paul
   Antonelli, Angelo
   Bersier, David
   Castro-Tirado, Alberto
   Fynbo, Johan
   Garnavich, Peter
   Holland, Stephen
   Hjorth, Jens
   Nugent, Peter
   Pian, Elena
   Smette, Alain
   Thomsen, Bjarne
   Thorsett, Stephen E.
   Wijers, Ralph
TI Infrared and optical observations of GRB 030115 and its extremely red
   host galaxy: Implications for dark bursts
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : high-redshift; gamma rays : bursts
ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; X-RAY; STARBURST GALAXIES;
   DUST EXTINCTION; BAND AFTERGLOW; STAR-FORMATION; BRIGHT; SUBMILLIMETER;
   SUPERNOVA
AB We present near-infrared (NIR) and optical observations of the afterglow of GRB 030115. Discovered in an infrared search at Kitt Peak 5 hr after the burst trigger, this afterglow is the faintest ever observed in the R band at such an early epoch and exhibits very red colors, with R - K approximate to 6. The optical magnitude of the afterglow of GRB 030115 is fainter than many upper limits for other bursts, suggesting that without early NIR observations it would have been classified as a "dark'' burst. Both the color and optical magnitude of the afterglow are likely due to dust extinction at moderate redshift z > 2 and indicate that at least some optical afterglows are very faint due to dust along the line of sight. Multicolor Hubble Space Telescope observations were also taken of the host galaxy and the surrounding field. Photometric redshifts imply that the host and a substantial number of faint galaxies in the field are at z similar to 2.5. The overdensity of galaxies is sufficiently great that GRB 030115 may have occurred in a rich high-redshift cluster. The host galaxy shows extremely red colors (R - K = 5) and is the first GRB host to be classified as an extremely red object (ERO). Some of the galaxies surrounding the host also show very red colors, while the majority of the cluster are much bluer, indicating ongoing unobscured star formation. As it is thought that much of high-redshift star formation occurs in highly obscured environments, it may well be that GRB 030115 represents a transition object, between the relatively unobscured afterglows seen to date and a population of objects that are very heavily extinguished, even in the NIR.
C1 Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
   Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
   Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Astrophys Res, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England.
   CSIC, IAA, E-18080 Granada, Spain.
   Univ Amsterdam, Inst Astron, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
   NASA, MSFC, NSSTC, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
   Brown Univ, Dept Phys, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
   Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA.
   Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, Sez Bologna, CNR, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
   European So Observ, Santiago 19, Chile.
   Osserv Astron Roma, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy.
   Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
   Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
   USN Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA.
   Univ Copenhagen, Astron Observ, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
   Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
   Osserv Astron Trieste, I-34131 Trieste, Italy.
   Univ Liege, Inst Astrophys & Geophys, B-4000 Cointe Ougree, Belgium.
   Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Levan, A (reprint author), Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
RI Hjorth, Jens/M-5787-2014; 
OI Hjorth, Jens/0000-0002-4571-2306; Castro-Tirado, A.
   J./0000-0003-2999-3563; Masetti, Nicola/0000-0001-9487-7740; Pian,
   Elena/0000-0001-8646-4858
NR 81
TC 51
Z9 51
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 10
PY 2006
VL 647
IS 1
BP 471
EP 482
DI 10.1086/503595
PN 1
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 072BO
UT WOS:000239647800040
ER

PT J
AU Becker, PA
   Le, T
   Dermer, CD
AF Becker, Peter A.
   Le, Truong
   Dermer, Charles D.
TI Time-dependent stochastic particle acceleration in astrophysical
   plasmas: Exact solutions including momentum-dependent escape
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE acceleration of particles; black hole physics; cosmic rays; galaxies :
   jets; methods : analytical; plasmas
ID COSMIC-RAY TRANSPORT; SOLAR-FLARES; BLACK-HOLE; FERMI ACCELERATION;
   GALACTIC-CENTER; COLD MEDIA; EMISSION; SPECTRA; WAVES; CLUSTERS
AB Stochastic acceleration of charged particles due to interactions with magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) plasma waves is the dominant process leading to the formation of the high-energy electron and ion distributions in a variety of astrophysical systems. Collisions with the waves influence both the energization and the spatial transport of the particles, and therefore it is important to treat these two aspects of the problem in a self-consistent manner. We solve the representative Fokker-Planck equation to obtain a new, closed-form solution for the time-dependent Green's function describing the acceleration and escape of relativistic particles interacting with Alfven or fast-mode waves characterized by momentum diffusion coefficient D(p) proportional to p(q) and mean particle escape timescale t(esc)(p) proportional to p(q-2), where p is the particle momentum and q is the power-law index of the MHD wave spectrum. In particular, we obtain solutions for the momentum distribution of the ions in the plasma and also for the momentum distribution of the escaping particles, which may form an energetic outflow. The general features of the solutions are illustrated via examples based on either a Kolmogorov or Kraichnan wave spectrum. The new expressions complement the results obtained by Park and Petrosian, who presented exact solutions for the hard-sphere scattering case (q = 2) in addition to other scenarios in which the escape timescale has a power-law dependence on the momentum. Our results have direct relevance for models of high-energy radiation and cosmic-ray production in astrophysical environments such as gamma-ray bursts, active galaxies, and magnetized coronae around black holes. In particular, we outline an application of the new results to black hole sources that produce outflows of relativistic hadrons, with associated predictions that can be tested using GLAST.
C1 George Mason Univ, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
   George Mason Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Becker, PA (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM pbecker@gmu.edu; truong.le@nrl.navy.mil; dermer@gamma.nrl.navy.mil
NR 34
TC 41
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 10
PY 2006
VL 647
IS 1
BP 539
EP 551
DI 10.1086/505319
PN 1
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 072BO
UT WOS:000239647800045
ER

PT J
AU Robinson, JA
   Snow, ES
   Badescu, SC
   Reinecke, TL
   Perkins, FK
AF Robinson, Joshua A.
   Snow, Eric S.
   Badescu, Stefan C.
   Reinecke, Thomas L.
   Perkins, F. Keith
TI Role of defects in single-walled carbon nanotube chemical sensors
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ADSORPTION; FUNCTIONALIZATION; NO2
AB We explore the electronic response of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) to trace levels of chemical vapors. We find adsorption at defect sites produces a large electronic response that dominates the SWNT capacitance and conductance sensitivity. This large response results from increased adsorbate binding energy and charge transfer at defect sites. Finally, we demonstrate controlled introduction of oxidation defects can be used to enhance sensitivity of a SWNT network sensor to a variety of chemical vapors.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Snow, ES (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM snow@bloch.nrl.navy.mil
RI Robinson, Joshua/I-1803-2012
NR 26
TC 274
Z9 277
U1 15
U2 99
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD AUG 9
PY 2006
VL 6
IS 8
BP 1747
EP 1751
DI 10.1021/nl0612289
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
   Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
   Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
   Physics
GA 071SY
UT WOS:000239623900030
PM 16895367
ER

PT J
AU Stork, JR
   Brewer, JJ
   Fukuda, T
   Fitzgerald, JP
   Yee, GT
   Nazarenko, AY
   Kobayashi, N
   Durfee, WS
AF Stork, Jay R.
   Brewer, Jeffrey J.
   Fukuda, Takamitsu
   Fitzgerald, Jeffrey P.
   Yee, Gordon T.
   Nazarenko, Alexander Y.
   Kobayashi, Nagao
   Durfee, William S.
TI Chloro and hydroxo forms of a boron(III) subtriazaporphyrin macrocycle
SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-ORBITAL CALCULATIONS; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; SUBPHTHALOCYANINE;
   SUBNAPHTHALOCYANINES; SUBAZAPORPHYRINS; REACTIVITY
AB cis-3,4-Dicyano-3-hexene undergoes cyclotrimerization with BCl3 to form the new subtriazaporphyrin chloro[ hexaethylsubtriazaporphyrinato] boron( III). The hydroxo derivative of this macrocycle has also been made, and the X-ray crystal structure of the hydroxy form was determined. Electronic absorption and magnetic circular dichroism spectra of the hydroxo monomer species were interpreted using time-dependent density functional theory calculations.
C1 USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
   Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Chem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
   Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Chem, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
   SUNY Coll Buffalo, Dept Chem, Buffalo, NY 14222 USA.
RP Fitzgerald, JP (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM fitzgera@usna.edu; nagaok@mail.cc.tohoku.ac.jp;
   durfeews@buffalostate.edu
NR 22
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0020-1669
EI 1520-510X
J9 INORG CHEM
JI Inorg. Chem.
PD AUG 7
PY 2006
VL 45
IS 16
BP 6148
EP 6151
DI 10.1021/ic051093u
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA 068SI
UT WOS:000239394300016
PM 16878923
ER

PT J
AU Kulagina, NV
   Shaffer, KM
   Anderson, GP
   Ligler, FS
   Taitt, CR
AF Kulagina, Nadezhda V.
   Shaffer, Kara M.
   Anderson, George P.
   Ligler, Frances S.
   Taitt, Chris R.
TI Antimicrobial peptide-based array for Escherichia coli and Salmonella
   screening
SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
DE antimicrobial peptides; salmonella; Escherichia coli; pathogen;
   screening
ID BUFORIN II; BIOSENSOR; BACTERIAL; PROTEIN; IMMUNOSENSOR; MECHANISM;
   MEMBRANES; PROLINE; ASSAY
AB Numerous bacteria, plants, and higher organisms produce antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as part of their innate immune system, providing a chemical defense mechanism against microbial invasion. Many AMPs exert their antimicrobial activity by binding to components of the microbe's surface and disrupting the membrane. The goal of this study was to incorporate AMPs into screening assays for detection of pathogenic species. Surface-immobilized AMPs such as polymyxins B and E could be used to detect Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli O15TH7 in two assay formats: direct and sandwich. Both types of assay confirmed that the peptides were immobilized in active form and could bind cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Cell binding to the AMPs was peptide-density dependent. This method for monitoring pathogen binding was extended to include other cationic AMPs such as cecropin A, magainin I and parasin. Detection limits (LODs) for E. coli O157:1-17 and S. typhimurium obtained with AMPs during sandwich assays were in the ranges of 5 x 10(4) to 5 x 10(5) and I x 105 to 5 x 10' cells mL(-1), respectively. The different AMPs showed significantly different affinities for the two bacterial species; the potential for classification of pathogens based on different binding patterns to AMPs is discussed. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Taitt, CR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM crtaitt@cbmse.nri.navy.mil
RI Anderson, George/D-2461-2011
OI Anderson, George/0000-0001-7545-9893
NR 29
TC 68
Z9 70
U1 3
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0003-2670
J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA
JI Anal. Chim. Acta
PD AUG 4
PY 2006
VL 575
IS 1
BP 9
EP 15
DI 10.1016/j.aca.2006.05.082
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 072LJ
UT WOS:000239674600002
PM 17723565
ER

PT J
AU Aksnes, A
   Eastes, R
   Budzien, S
   Dymond, K
AF Aksnes, A.
   Eastes, R.
   Budzien, S.
   Dymond, K.
TI Neutral temperatures in the lower thermosphere from N-2
   Lyman-Birge-Hopfield (LBH) band profiles
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID TERRESTRIAL THERMOSPHERE; MODEL; NO; ATMOSPHERE; DAYGLOW; STATES
AB Measurements of the neutral temperature in the lower thermosphere, using high resolution (0.13 nm) N-2 Lyman-Birge- Hopfield (LBH) band emissions are presented. The data were taken by the High-resolution Ionospheric and Thermospheric Spectrograph ( HITS) instrument aboard the Advanced Research and Global Observation Satellite (ARGOS). By fitting the LBH band profiles, temperatures in the thermosphere between similar to 150 and 270 km have been retrieved. Temperatures retrieved for three geomagnetically quiet days, 28 - 30 July 2001 are consistent with temperatures from the Mass Spectrometer and Incoherent Scatter (MSIS) model.
C1 Florida Space Inst, MS FSI, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Aksnes, A (reprint author), Florida Space Inst, MS FSI, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA.
EM aaksnes@mail.ucf.edu
OI Dymond, Kenneth/0000-0001-8060-9016
NR 23
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 3
PY 2006
VL 33
IS 15
AR L15103
DI 10.1029/2006GL026255
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 071JE
UT WOS:000239596700003
ER

PT J
AU Barron, CN
   Kara, AB
AF Barron, Charlie N.
   Kara, A. Birol
TI Satellite-based daily SSTs over the global ocean
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE; INTERPOLATION
AB Daily 1/8 degrees global fields of sea surface temperature (SST), operationally produced by the Modular Ocean Data Assimilation System (MODAS), are presented. Production using a combination of optimal interpolation and climatologically corrected persistence balances eddy-resolving spatial and daily temporal resolution with improved transitions in time and space across cloud-obscured regions to eliminate data voids. Hindcast reanalysis has consistently extended complete MODAS SST coverage from 1993 to the present. In validation analysis using 219 yearlong daily SST time series from both coastal and open ocean buoys over the global ocean, MODAS gives a median root mean squared SST difference of 0.41 degrees C. Whether hindcast or real-time, stand-alone or coupled, MODAS SST is applicable for physical or biological studies and operational applications on regional to global scales.
C1 USN, Div Oceanog, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Barron, CN (reprint author), USN, Div Oceanog, Res Lab, Code 7320,Bldg 1009, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM barron@nrlssc.navy.mil; birol.kara@nrlssc.navy.mil
RI Barron, Charlie/C-1451-2008
NR 11
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 3
PY 2006
VL 33
IS 15
AR L15603
DI 10.1029/2006GL026356
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 071JE
UT WOS:000239596700006
ER

PT J
AU Moriarty, RM
   Mitan, CI
   Branza-Nichita, N
   Phares, KR
   Parrish, D
AF Moriarty, Robert M.
   Mitan, Carmen I.
   Branza-Nichita, Norica
   Phares, Kenneth R.
   Parrish, Damon
TI exo-imino to endo-iminocyclitol rearrangement. A general route to
   five-membered antiviral azasugars
SO ORGANIC LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID HEPATITIS-B-VIRUS; VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS; STATE ANALOG INHIBITORS;
   N-RIBOSIDE HYDROLASES; GLYCOSIDASE INHIBITORS; DERIVATIVES; AGENTS;
   SUGARS; SECRETION; BUTYLDEOXYNOJIRIMYCIN
AB A facile synthesis is reported for five-membered iminocyclitols which allows for variation in stereochemistry at all the chiral centers, diverse C-1- and N-substitution, and the potential for a three-component combinatorial process. The key step is inversion at the C-4 stereocenter (L-lyxo sugar -> D-ribono azasugar). The exo-imino to endo-iminocyclitol process was extended to the D-lyxo and the D- and L-hexose series. Some analogues were found to be more potent than N-butyl DNJ and N-nonyl DNJ in antiviral activity.
C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
   Romanian Acad, Inst Biochem, Bucharest 77700, Romania.
   United Therapeut Corp Res, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Dept Navy, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Moriarty, RM (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
EM moriarty@uic.edu
NR 36
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 2
U2 9
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1523-7060
J9 ORG LETT
JI Org. Lett.
PD AUG 3
PY 2006
VL 8
IS 16
BP 3465
EP 3467
DI 10.1021/ol061071r
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA 067NM
UT WOS:000239309900014
PM 16869636
ER

PT J
AU Larson, GE
   Booth-Kewley, S
   Highfill-McRoy, RM
AF Larson, Gerald E.
   Booth-Kewley, Stephanie
   Highfill-McRoy, Robyn M.
TI Mental health after deployment to Iraq or Afghanistan
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Letter
ID DISORDERS; ATTRITION
C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Behav Sci & Epidemiol Program, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Larson, GE (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Behav Sci & Epidemiol Program, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
EM larson@nhrc.navy.mil
NR 4
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD AUG 2
PY 2006
VL 296
IS 5
BP 514
EP 515
DI 10.1001/jama.296.5.514-b
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 069YW
UT WOS:000239486900011
PM 16882955
ER

PT J
AU Puleo, JA
   Johnson, RV
   Butt, T
   Kooney, TN
   Holland, KT
AF Puleo, Jack A.
   Johnson, Rex V.
   Butt, Tony
   Kooney, Timothy N.
   Holland, K. Todd
TI The effect of air bubbles on optical backscatter sensors
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE bubbles; optical; nearshore; suspended sediment
ID SUSPENDED SEDIMENT; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; BREAKING WAVES; PARTICLE-SIZE;
   VOID-FRACTION; FRESH-WATER; SURF ZONE; SUSPENSION; SAND; TRANSPORT
AB The sensitivity of an optical backscatter sensor (OBS) to bubbles is tested using a variety of bubble generating mechanisms that span the range of bubble sizes typically observed in surf zone studies. Over 1200 one-minute runs were performed in a stirred test tank by altering the bubbler type, water type, air-flow rate and sand or mud concentration. The laboratory data shows a strong dependence of OBS response to bubble size and concentration. For sand or mud sediments, the optical backscatter sensor voltage is increased by the presence of bubbles and smaller bubbles had a larger effect. The effect was more pronounced in salt water than fresh water. We conservatively report that OBS output voltage is increased due to the presence of bubbles by 25% for the trials undertaken here. In the cases performed in vigorously stirred salt and synthetic salt water, bubbles were smaller than those measured under quiescent water conditions due to bubble shattering at the bubbler orifices and by the pumps used for stirring. It was found in those cases that the bubble effect on OBS was larger than the 25% reported here, but the extension of this finding to a natural setting, such as in the direct vicinity of the breakpoint or a bore, is not known. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Delaware, Ctr Appl Coastal Res, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
   Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
   Univ Plymouth, Sch Earth Ocean & Environm Sci, Plymouth PL4 8AA, Devon, England.
   USN, Res Lab, Marine Geosci Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Puleo, JA (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Ctr Appl Coastal Res, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
EM jpuleo@coastal.udel.edu
RI Holland, K. Todd/A-7673-2011
OI Holland, K. Todd/0000-0002-4601-6097
NR 33
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD AUG 2
PY 2006
VL 230
IS 1-2
BP 87
EP 97
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2006.04.008
PG 11
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 069SE
UT WOS:000239467700006
ER

PT J
AU Saad, MD
   Shcherbinskaya, AM
   Nadai, Y
   Kruglov, YV
   Antonenko, SV
   Lyullchuk, MG
   Kravchenko, ON
   Earhart, KC
   Sanchez, JL
   Birx, DL
   Carr, JK
AF Saad, Magdi Darwish
   Shcherbinskaya, Alla M.
   Nadai, Yuka
   Kruglov, Yuri V.
   Antonenko, Svietlana V.
   Lyullchuk, Mariya G.
   Kravchenko, Olga N.
   Earhart, Kenneth C.
   Sanchez, Jose L.
   Birx, Debora L.
   Kirkland Carr, Jean
TI Molecular epidemiology of HIV type 1 in Ukraine: Birthplace of an
   epidemic
SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
LA English
DT Article
ID INJECTING DRUG-USERS; FORMER SOVIET-UNION; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SUBTYPE-C;
   SOUTHERN UKRAINE; VIRUS; RECOMBINANT; STRAIN; SUSCEPTIBILITY; INFECTIONS
AB During the 1990s, HIV-1 spread rapidly through drug networks in Ukraine and from there throughout the former Soviet Union. To examine the origins of this epidemic, the genetics of HIV-1 in Ukraine were studied. Proviral DNA from PBMC was extracted and PCR amplified. Part of pol and nearly full genomes of HIV-1 were sequenced and characterized. The predominant genetic form in 163 strains was subtype A (66%), followed by subtypes B (30%), C (2%), D (1%), and a new AB recombinant form (1%). HIV strains from Kiev were diverse having subtypes A, B, C, and D. In Crimea, Donetsk, Poltava, and Odessa, however, the strains were overwhelmingly subtype A, while in Nikolaev subtype B predominated. After the near simultaneous introduction of subtypes A and B in Ukraine, subtype B remained where it was introduced while subtype A spread widely, creating the fastest growing epidemic in the world.
C1 Ukraine Acad Med Sci, Inst Epidemiol & Infect Dis, Kiev, Ukraine.
   Henry M Jackson Fdn, HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD USA.
   Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD USA.
   USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt.
RP Saad, MD (reprint author), USN, Med Res Unit 3, PSC 452,Box 5000,Code 303C, FPO, AE 09835 USA.
EM darwishm@namru3.med.navy.mil
RI Saad, Magdi/H-5561-2013
OI Saad, Magdi/0000-0003-2111-8115
NR 28
TC 29
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 0889-2229
J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV
JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 22
IS 8
BP 709
EP 714
DI 10.1089/aid.2006.22.709
PG 6
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
GA 078GI
UT WOS:000240090100001
PM 16910825
ER

PT J
AU Saad, MD
   Aliev, Q
   Botros, BAM
   Carr, JK
   Gomatos, PJ
   Nadai, Y
   Michael, AA
   Nasibov, Z
   Sanchez, JL
   Brix, DI
   Earhart, KC
AF Saad, Magdi D.
   Aliev, Qalib
   Botros, Boulos A. M.
   Carr, Jean K.
   Gomatos, Peter J.
   Nadai, Yuka
   Michael, Atef A.
   Nasibov, Ziyad
   Sanchez, Jose L.
   Brix, Deborah I.
   Earhart, Kenneth C.
TI Genetic forms of HIV type 1 in the former Soviet Union dominate the
   epidemic in Azerbaijan
SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
LA English
DT Article
AB A total of 125 strains collected in Azerbaijan between 1999 and 2002 from HIV seropositives were genetically classified. Of 84 strains classified using HMA, 91.6% were subtype A, 1.2% subtype B, and 7.1% untypeable. Of 41 strains analyzed using partial pol gene sequences, 90.2% were subtype A, 7.3% subtype B, and 2.4% CRF03_AB. Most sequenced A strains clustered with those circulating in countries of the former Soviet Union (FSU). Two of three sequenced B strains were from individuals who traveled to FSU clustering tightly with B strains from Nikolayev, Ukraine. CRF03_AB, characteristic of the 1996 epidemic in Kaliningrad, Russia, was sequenced from an individual who lived in Russia from 1995 until 2001. The HIV epidemic in Azerbaijan is concentrated in IDU and is closely connected to other such epidemics to the east based on genetics. Of the 41 sequenced strains, 95% were close genetic relatives of HIV strains in IDU networks in the FSU.
C1 Azerbaijan Natl Ctr Response AIDS, Baku, Azerbaijan.
   Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
   Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
   USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt.
RP Saad, MD (reprint author), USN, Med Res Unit 3, PSC 452,Box 5000,Magdi D Saad Code 303, FPO, AE 09835 USA.
EM DarwishM@namru.med.navy.mil
RI Saad, Magdi/H-5561-2013
OI Saad, Magdi/0000-0003-2111-8115
NR 9
TC 17
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 1
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 0889-2229
J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV
JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 22
IS 8
BP 796
EP 800
DI 10.1089/aid.2006.22.796
PG 5
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
GA 078GI
UT WOS:000240090100012
PM 16910836
ER

PT J
AU Halvorson, HA
   Schlett, CD
   Riddle, MS
AF Halvorson, Heather A.
   Schlett, Carey D.
   Riddle, Mark S.
TI Postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome - A meta-analysis
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID FUNCTIONAL GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS; BACTERIAL GASTROENTERITIS;
   TRAVELERS DIARRHEA; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SYMPTOMS;
   PREVALENCE; INFECTION; COMMUNITY
AB OBJECTIVES: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a heterogeneous disorder affecting :12% of the population worldwide. Several studies identify IBS as a sequela of infectious gastroenteritis (IGE) with reported prevalence ranging from 4% to 31% and relative risk from 2.5 to 11.9. This meta-analysis was conducted to explore the differences between reported rates and provide a pooled estimate of risk for postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS).
   DATA SOURCES: Electronic databases (MEDLINE, OLDMEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane database of clinical trials) and pertinent reference lists (including other review articles).
   REVIEW Data were abstracted from included studies by two independent investigators; study quality.
   METHODS: heterogeneity, and publication bias were assessed; sensitivity analysis was performed; and a summative effect estimate was calculated for risk of PI-IBS.
   RESULTS: Eight studies were included for analysis and all reported elevated risk of IBS following IGE. Median prevalence of IBS in the IGE groups was 9.8% (IQR 4.0-13.3) and 1.2% in control groups (IQR 0.4-1.8) (sign-rank test, p = 0.01). The pooled odds ratio was 7.3 (95% CI, 4.7-11.1) without significant heterogeneity (chi(2) heterogeneity statistic, p = 0.41). Subgroup analysis revealed an association between PI-IBS risk and IGE definition used.
   CONCLUSIONS: This study provides supporting evidence for PI-IBS as a sequela of IGE and a pooled risk estimate revealing a sevenfold increase in the odds of developing IBS following IGE. The results suggest that the long-term benefit of reduced PI-IBS may be gained from primary prevention of IGE.
C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
   USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt.
RP Halvorson, HA (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
RI Riddle, Mark/A-8029-2011
NR 29
TC 145
Z9 153
U1 1
U2 5
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0002-9270
J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL
JI Am. J. Gastroenterol.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 101
IS 8
BP 1894
EP 1899
DI 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00654.x
PG 6
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA 076MI
UT WOS:000239962000031
PM 16928253
ER

PT J
AU Crooker, PP
   Colson, WB
   Blau, J
AF Crooker, P. P.
   Colson, W. B.
   Blau, J.
TI Representation of a Gaussian beam by rays
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
AB Although the ray concept is a useful tool for helping students visualize the propagation of light, rays do not produce diffraction, which is described by wave theory. Nevertheless, it is possible to retain the ray picture to describe a Gaussian beam if a suitable statistical distribution of rays is used. We transform the distribution using only ray propagation techniques (no wave theory) and show how a statistical distribution of rays gives an intuitive picture of a diffracting Gaussian beam as it freely propagates or is focused by lenses. (C) 2006 American Association of Physics Teachers.
C1 USN, Dept Phys, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Crooker, PP (reprint author), USN, Dept Phys, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM ppcrooke@nps.edu
NR 8
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICS TEACHERS AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0002-9505
J9 AM J PHYS
JI Am. J. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 74
IS 8
BP 722
EP 727
DI 10.1119/1.2201857
PG 6
WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Education & Educational Research; Physics
GA 066ZL
UT WOS:000239269600012
ER

PT J
AU White, A
   Bigby, T
   Stevenson, D
AF White, Andrew
   Bigby, Timothy
   Stevenson, Donald
TI Intranasal ketorolac challenge for the diagnosis of aspirin-exacerbated
   respiratory disease
SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NASAL PROVOCATION TEST; INDUCED ASTHMA; BRONCHIAL-ASTHMA; LYSINE-ASPIRIN
AB Background: Intranasal administration of aspirin-lysine has been used in Europe for the diagnosis of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. It has a low adverse effect profile and is believed to be safer for asthmatic patients, particularly those with a low baseline forced expiratory volume in 1 second, in whom oral aspirin challenge would be contraindicated. Ketorolac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug useful for severe pain, is available in the United States in parenteral form.
   Objective: To determine whether ketorolac nasal challenge has acceptable specificity and sensitivity for diagnosing aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease.
   Methods: Twenty-nine patients with suspected aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease were challenged with nasal ketorolac before oral challenge and desensitization with aspirin. Symptoms, objective changes in nasal examination findings, and peak nasal inspiratory flow values were recorded. Nasal lavage fluid for cysteinyl leukotriene analysis was collected. Ketorolac doses of 2.1, 5.2, or 7.8 mg were administered and compared with the results of oral aspirin challenge.
   Results: Eighteen patients had a positive challenge reaction to oral aspirin. Ketorolac nasal inhalation had a sensitivity of 78% and a specificity of 64%. Patients in the reactor group had significantly higher levels of cysteinyl leukotrienes after ketorolac challenge than in the nonreactor group. Mild bronchospasm occurred in 3 patients, and 2 of these occurred at higher starting doses of ketorolac.
   Conclusions: Nasal ketorolac administration is a reasonably accurate and safe method for diagnosing aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease.
C1 Scripps Clin, Dept Allergy Asthma & Immunol, La Jolla, CA USA.
   Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego VA Healthcare Syst, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
   Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pulm & Crit Care, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
RP White, A (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Allergy & Immunol Clin, 2650 Stockton Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
EM drew_white@hotmail.com
NR 22
TC 28
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY
PI ARLINGTON HTS
PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 USA
SN 1081-1206
J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM
JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 97
IS 2
BP 190
EP 195
PG 6
WC Allergy; Immunology
SC Allergy; Immunology
GA 075AF
UT WOS:000239853400011
PM 16937750
ER

PT J
AU Tylka, AJ
   Lee, MA
AF Tylka, Allan J.
   Lee, Martin A.
TI A model for spectral and compositional variability at high energies in
   large, gradual solar particle events
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE acceleration of particles; shock waves; Sun : coronal mass ejections
   (CMEs); Sun : flares; Sun : particle emission
ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; ADVANCED COMPOSITION EXPLORER; DIFFUSIVE SHOCK
   ACCELERATION; ENERGETIC PARTICLES; ISOTOPE SPECTROMETER; PERPENDICULAR
   SHOCKS; ION-ACCELERATION; DRIVEN SHOCKS; CHARGE STATES; HEAVY-IONS
AB Shocks driven by fast coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are generally believed to be the dominant accelerators in large, gradual solar energetic particle (SEP) events. A key challenge for this notion has been the highly variable spectral and compositional characteristics of these events above a few tens of MeV per nucleon. We have recently proposed that this variability results from the interplay of two factors: evolution in the shock-normal angle as the shock moves outward from the Sun; and a compound seed population, typically comprising at least suprathermals from the corona (or solar wind) and suprathermals from flares. We present here a simple analytical implementation of these ideas. Our calculations semiquantitatively reproduce key features of the observed variability, including spectral morphologies and energy dependence in Fe/O, He-3/He-4, and mean ionic charges, in ways that are consistent with correlations in the data. The model makes a prediction for the average high-energy Fe/O enhancement that is borne out by 30 years of observations; the model also provides a quantitative explanation for the Breneman & Stone fractionation effect, a fundamental but previously unexplained aspect of SEP phenomenology. Our calculations must be bolstered by future efforts incorporating realistic CME-shock simulations and a rigorous treatment of particle transport. Suprathermal densities in the corona, as well as details of the injection process at shocks of arbitrary obliquity, require further investigation. Nevertheless, these first results suggest a comprehensive framework for understanding the complexity of high-energy variability in terms of shock physics for most, if not all, large SEP events.
C1 USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
   Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
RP Tylka, AJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Code 7652, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM allan.tylka@nrl.navy.mil; marty.lee@unh.edu
RI Tylka, Allan/G-9592-2014
NR 92
TC 115
Z9 115
U1 2
U2 5
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 1
PY 2006
VL 646
IS 2
BP 1319
EP 1334
DI 10.1086/505106
PN 1
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 072BK
UT WOS:000239647400053
ER

PT J
AU Aulanier, G
   DeVore, CR
   Antiochos, SK
AF Aulanier, Guillaume
   DeVore, C. Richard
   Antiochos, Spiro K.
TI Solar prominence merging
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE MHD; Sun : filaments; Sun : magnetic fields; Sun : prominences
ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; FILAMENT; MODEL; FLARES;
   RECONNECTION; COMPLEX; REGION; DIPS
AB In a recent paper, we described MHD simulations of the interaction between a pair of distinct prominences formed by the photospheric line-tied shearing of two separated dipoles. One case was typical of solar observations of prominence merging, in which the prominences have the same axial field direction and sign of magnetic helicity. For that configuration, we reported the formation of linkages between the prominences due to magnetic reconnection of their sheared fields. In this paper, we analyze the evolution of the plasma-supporting magnetic dips in this configuration. As the photospheric flux is being progressively sheared, dip-related chromospheric fibrils and high-altitude threads form and develop into the two prominences, which undergo internal oscillations. As the prominences are stretched farther along their axes, they come into contact and their sheared fluxes pass each other, and new dips form in the interaction region. The distribution of these dips increasingly fills the volume between the prominences, so that the two progenitors gradually merge into a single prominence. Our model reproduces typical observational properties reported from both high-cadence and daily observations at various wavelengths. We identify the multistep mechanism, consisting of a complex coupling between photospheric shear, coronal magnetic reconnection without null points, and formation of quasi bald patches, that is responsible for the prominence merging through dip creation. The resulting magnetic topology differs significantly from that of a twisted flux tube.
C1 Observ Paris, Lab Etudes Spatiales & Instrumentat & Astrophys, F-92195 Meudon, France.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Aulanier, G (reprint author), Observ Paris, Lab Etudes Spatiales & Instrumentat & Astrophys, F-92195 Meudon, France.
EM guillaume.aulanier@obspm.fr
RI Antiochos, Spiro/D-4668-2012; DeVore, C/A-6067-2015
OI Antiochos, Spiro/0000-0003-0176-4312; DeVore, C/0000-0002-4668-591X
NR 33
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 1
PY 2006
VL 646
IS 2
BP 1349
EP 1357
DI 10.1086/505020
PN 1
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 072BK
UT WOS:000239647400055
ER

PT J
AU Schuck, PW
AF Schuck, P. W.
TI Tracking magnetic footpoints with the magnetic induction equation
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE methods : data analysis; Sun : atmospheric motions; Sun : magnetic
   fields
ID CORONAL MASS EJECTION; SOLAR ACTIVE REGIONS; LOCAL CORRELATION TRACKING;
   DETERMINING OPTICAL-FLOW; TOTAL LEAST-SQUARES; HELICITY INJECTION;
   VELOCITY-FIELD; VECTOR MAGNETOGRAMS; DRIVEN EVOLUTION; EIT CRINKLES
AB The accurate estimation of magnetic footpoint velocities from a temporal sequence of photospheric magnetograms is critical for estimating the magnetic energy and helicity fluxes through the photosphere. A new technique for determining the magnetic footpoint velocities from a sequence of magnetograms is presented. This technique implements a variational principle to minimize deviations in the magnitude of the magnetic induction equation constrained by an affine velocity profile, which depends linearly on coordinates, within a windowed subregion of the magnetogram sequence. The variational principle produces an overdetermined system that is solved directly by linear least-squares or total least-squares methods. The resulting optical flow field and associated uncertainties are statistically consistent with the magnetic induction equation and the affine velocity profile within this aperture. The general technique has potential for application to other solar data sets where a physical model for the underlying image dynamics can be applied.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Schuck, PW (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM schuck@ppdmail.nrl.navy.mil
NR 111
TC 82
Z9 83
U1 1
U2 6
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 1
PY 2006
VL 646
IS 2
BP 1358
EP 1391
DI 10.1086/505015
PN 1
PG 34
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 072BK
UT WOS:000239647400056
ER

PT J
AU Rickett, BJ
   Lazio, TJW
   Ghigo, FD
AF Rickett, Barney J.
   Lazio, T. J. W.
   Ghigo, Frank D.
TI Interstellar scintillation observations of 146 extragalactic radio
   sources
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE BL Lacertae objects : general; galaxies : active; ISM : general;
   plasmas; quasars : general; scattering
ID EXTREME SCATTERING EVENTS; LOW-FREQUENCY VARIABILITY; REFERENCE FRAME
   SOURCES; INTRADAY VARIABILITY; REFRACTIVE SCINTILLATION; ASTROMETRIC
   SUITABILITY; RAPID VARIABILITY; VLBA OBSERVATIONS; ANNUAL MODULATION;
   ANNUAL CYCLES
AB From 1979 to 1996 the Green Bank Interferometer was used by the Naval Research Laboratory to monitor the flux density from 146 compact radio sources at frequencies near 2 and 8 GHz. We filter the "light curves'' to separate intrinsic variations on times of a year or more from more rapid interstellar scintillation (ISS) on times of 5-50 days. Whereas the intrinsic variation at 2 GHz is similar to that at 8 GHz (although diminished in amplitude), the ISS variation is much stronger at 2 than at 8 GHz. We characterize the ISS variation by an rms amplitude and a timescale and examine the statistics of these parameters for the 121 sources with significant ISS at 2 GHz. We model the scintillations using the NE2001 Galactic electron model assuming the sources are brightness-limited. We find the observed rms amplitude to be in general agreement with the model, provided that the compact components of the sources have about 50% of their flux density in a component with maximum brightness temperatures 10(11)-10(12) K. Thus, our results are consistent with centimeter-wavelength VLBI studies of compact active galactic nuclei, in that the maximum brightness temperatures found are consistent with the inverse synchrotron limit at 3 x 10(11) K, boosted in jet configurations by Doppler factors up to about 20. The average of the observed 2 GHz ISS timescales is in reasonable agreement with the model at Galactic latitudes above about 10 degrees. At lower latitudes the observed timescales are too fast, suggesting that the transverse velocity increases beyond about 1 kpc, which may be due to differential Galactic rotation.
C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Natl Radio Astron Lab, Green Bank, WV 24944 USA.
RP Rickett, BJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM bjrickett@ucsd.edu; joseph.lazio@nrl.navy.mil; fghigo@nrao.edu
NR 60
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0067-0049
J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S
JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 165
IS 2
BP 439
EP 460
DI 10.1086/504897
PG 22
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 072BR
UT WOS:000239648100001
ER

PT J
AU Tatischeff, V
   Kozlovsky, B
   Kiener, J
   Murphy, RJ
AF Tatischeff, V.
   Kozlovsky, B.
   Kiener, J.
   Murphy, R. J.
TI Delayed X- and gamma-ray line emission from solar flare radioactivity
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances; Sun : flares; Sun :
   X-rays; gamma rays
ID INDUCED NUCLEAR-REACTIONS; ABSORPTION CROSS-SECTIONS; ALPHA-INDUCED
   REACTIONS; ACCURATE UNIVERSAL PARAMETERIZATION; ACCELERATED PARTICLE
   INTERACTIONS; EXCITATION-FUNCTIONS; ENERGETIC-PARTICLE; MAGNETIC LOOPS;
   NATURAL NICKEL; BEAM ENERGY
AB We have studied the radioactive line emission expected from solar active regions after large flares, following the production of long-lived radioisotopes by nuclear interactions of flare-accelerated ions. This delayed X- and gamma-ray line emission can provide unique information on the accelerated particle composition and energy spectrum, as well as on mixing processes in the solar atmosphere. Total cross sections for the formation of the main radioisotopes by proton, He-3, and alpha-particle reactions are evaluated from available data combined with nuclear reaction theory. Thick- target radioisotope yields are provided in tabular form, which can be used to predict fluxes of all of the major delayed lines at any time after a gamma-ray flare. The brightest delayed line for days after the flare is found to be the 511 keV positron- electron annihilation line resulting from the decay of several ss(+) radioisotopes. After similar to 2 days however, the flux of the e(+)-e (-) annihilation line can become lower than that of the 846.8 keV line from the decay of Co-56 into Fe-56. Our study has revealed other delayed gamma-ray lines that appear to be promising for detection, e. g., at 1434 keV from the radioactivity of both the isomer 52Mnm (T-1/2 21: 1 minutes) and the ground state (52)Mng (T-1/2 5: 59 days), 1332 and 1792 keV from Cu-60 (T-1/2 23: 7 minutes), and 931.1 keV from Co-55 (T-1/2 17: 5 hr). The strongest delayed X-ray line is found to be the Co K alpha at 6.92 keV, which is produced from both the decay of the isomer Co-58(m) (T-1/2 9: 04 hr) by the conversion of a K-shell electron and the decay of Ni-57 (T-1/2 35: 6 hr) by orbital electron capture. Prospects for observation of these lines with RHESSI or future space instruments are discussed.
C1 CNRS, IN2P3, CSNSM, F-91405 Orsay, France.
   Univ Paris 11, F-91405 Orsay, France.
   Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
   USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Tatischeff, V (reprint author), CNRS, IN2P3, CSNSM, F-91405 Orsay, France.
EM tatische@csnsm.in2p3.fr
NR 71
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0067-0049
J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S
JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 165
IS 2
BP 606
EP 617
DI 10.1086/505112
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 072BR
UT WOS:000239648100007
ER

PT J
AU Koch, D
   Borucki, W
   Basri, G
   Brown, T
   Caldwell, D
   Christensen-Dalsgaard, J
   Cochran, W
   Dunham, E
   Gautier, TN
   Geary, J
   Gilliland, R
   Jenkins, J
   Kondo, Y
   Latham, D
   Lissauer, J
   Monet, D
AF Koch, D.
   Borucki, W.
   Basri, G.
   Brown, T.
   Caldwell, D.
   Christensen-Dalsgaard, J.
   Cochran, W.
   Dunham, E.
   Gautier, T. N.
   Geary, J.
   Gilliland, R.
   Jenkins, J.
   Kondo, Y.
   Latham, D.
   Lissauer, J.
   Monet, D.
TI The Kepler mission: Astrophysics and eclipsing binaries
SO ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Close Binary Stars in the 21st Century - New Opportunities
   and Challenges
CY JUN   27, 2005-JUN 30, 2006
CL Syros, GREECE
DE extra-solar planets; planet detection; eclipsing binaries; precision
   photometry
AB The Kepler Mission is a photometric space mission that will continuously observe a single 100 square degree field of view (FOV) of the sky of more than 100,000 stars in the Cygnus-Lyra region for four or more years with a precision of 14 parts per million (ppm) for a 6.5 hour integration including shot noise for a twelfth magnitude star. The primary goal of the mission is to detect Earth-size planets in the habitable zone of solar-like stars. In the process, many eclipsing binaries (EB) will also be detected. Prior to launch, the stellar characteristics will have been determined for all the stars in the FOV with K < 14.5. As part of the verification process, stars with transits (about 5%) will need to have follow-up radial velocity observations performed to determine the component masses and thereby separate grazing eclipses caused by stellar companions from transits caused by planets. The result will be a rich database on EBs. The community will have access to the archive for uses such as for EB modeling of the high-precision light curves. A guest observer program is also planned for objects not already on the target list.
C1 NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
   Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
   High Altitude Observ, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
   SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA.
   Univ Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
   Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
   Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
   CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
   Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
   Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
   NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
   USN Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA.
RP Koch, D (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RI Caldwell, Douglas/L-7911-2014
OI Caldwell, Douglas/0000-0003-1963-9616
NR 8
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0004-640X
J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SCI
JI Astrophys. Space Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 304
IS 1-4
BP 391
EP 395
DI 10.1007/s10509-006-9149-1
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 109BX
UT WOS:000242284000098
ER

PT J
AU Artino, AR
   Folga, RV
   Swan, BD
AF Artino, Anthony R., Jr.
   Folga, Richard V.
   Swan, Brian D.
TI Mask-on hypoxia training for tactical jet aviators: Evaluation of an
   alternate instructional paradigm
SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE aerospace physiology; altitude chamber; low-pressure chamber; reduced
   oxygen breathing device
AB Introduction: Hypoxia familiarization instruction has been an integral part of military aviation training for more than 60 yr. Traditionally, aircrew learn hypoxia recognition while being exposed to hypobaric conditions in a low-pressure chamber (LPC). A training device has been developed that induces hypoxia using mixed gas delivered through an aviator's oxygen mask. The reduced oxygen breathing device (ROBD) simulates the diminished oxygen present at altitude by mixing breathing air and nitrogen under normobaric conditions. The purpose of this paper is to describe an alternate hypoxia training paradigm that combines the ROBD with tactical flight simulators and to present results from student surveys. Methods: Dynamic hypoxia instruction was provided inside F/A-18 tactical flight simulators using a second generation ROBD (ROBD-2). There were 121 naval aviators who were individually exposed to a simulated altitude of 7620 m (25,000 ft) while performing complex flight duties. Subsequent to ROBD training, all students completed a 19-question, anonymous survey that asked them to rate the quality of the instruction. Results. Of the 121 students trained with the ROBD-2 in combination with a flight simulator, 114 (94.2%) were able to recognize their hypoxia symptoms and recover the aircraft, 117 (96.7%) rated ROBD training as more realistic, and 110 (90.9%) as more effective than traditional LPC training. Discussion: Student feedback from this instructional evaluation indicates that using an ROBD in combination with actual flight duties is a safe, effective, and preferred means of training experienced tactical jet aviators to recognize and recover from hypoxia.
C1 USN, Survival Training Inst, Operat Med Inst, Naval Air Stn Pensacola, Pensacola, FL 32508 USA.
RP Artino, AR (reprint author), USN, Survival Training Inst, Operat Med Inst, Naval Air Stn Pensacola, 55 Radford Blvd,Suite 211, Pensacola, FL 32508 USA.
EM tony_artino@yahoo.com
NR 16
TC 11
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 5
PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA
SN 0095-6562
J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD
JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 77
IS 8
BP 857
EP 863
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
   Internal; Sport Sciences
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal
   Medicine; Sport Sciences
GA 070GC
UT WOS:000239507300012
PM 16909882
ER

PT J
AU Smith, MJ
   Sheehan, PE
   Perry, LL
   O'Connor, K
   Csonka, LN
   Applegate, BM
   Whitman, LJ
AF Smith, M. J.
   Sheehan, P. E.
   Perry, L. L.
   O'Connor, K.
   Csonka, L. N.
   Applegate, B. M.
   Whitman, L. J.
TI Quantifying the magnetic advantage in magnetotaxis
SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETOSPIRILLUM-GRYPHISWALDENSE; BAND FORMATION; BACTERIA; IRON; AMB-1;
   FERROZINE; SPIRILLUM; BEHAVIOR; REAGENT; GROWTH
AB Magnetotactic bacteria are characterized by the production of magnetosomes, nanoscale particles of lipid bilayer encapsulated magnetite, that act to orient the bacteria in magnetic fields. These magnetosomes allow magneto- aerotaxis, which is the motion of the bacteria along a magnetic field and toward preferred concentrations of oxygen. Magneto-aerotaxis has been shown to direct the motion of these bacteria downward toward sediments and microaerobic environments favorable for growth. Herein, we compare the magneto-aerotaxis of wild-type, magnetic Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB- 1 with a nonmagnetic mutant we have engineered. Using an applied magnetic field and an advancing oxygen gradient, we have quanti. ed the magnetic advantage in magneto-aerotaxis as a more rapid migration to preferred oxygen levels. Magnetic, wild-type cells swimming in an applied magnetic field more quickly migrate away from the advancing oxygen than either wild-type cells in a zero field or the nonmagnetic cells in any field. We find that the responses of the magnetic and mutant strains are well described by a relatively simple analytical model, an analysis of which indicates that the key benefit of magnetotaxis is an enhancement of a bacterium's ability to detect oxygen, not an increase in its average speed moving away from high oxygen concentrations.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
   Purdue Univ, Dept Food Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Whitman, LJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM whitman@nrl.navy.mil
RI Sheehan, Paul/B-4793-2010; Whitman, Lloyd/G-9320-2011
OI Sheehan, Paul/0000-0003-2668-4124; Whitman, Lloyd/0000-0002-3117-1174
NR 29
TC 35
Z9 38
U1 1
U2 15
PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA
SN 0006-3495
J9 BIOPHYS J
JI Biophys. J.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 91
IS 3
BP 1098
EP 1107
DI 10.1529/biophysj.106.085167
PG 10
WC Biophysics
SC Biophysics
GA 064KA
UT WOS:000239086800036
PM 16714352
ER

PT J
AU Yoganandan, N
   Pintar, FA
   Stemper, BD
   Baisden, JL
   Aktay, R
   Shender, BS
   Paskoff, G
   Laud, P
AF Yoganandan, N
   Pintar, FA
   Stemper, BD
   Baisden, JL
   Aktay, R
   Shender, BS
   Paskoff, G
   Laud, P
TI Trabecular bone density of male human cervical and lumbar vertebrae
SO BONE
LA English
DT Article
DE neck vertebra; bone mineral density; low back vertebra; QCT;
   asymptomatic subjects
ID QUANTITATIVE COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; BODY COMPRESSIVE
   STRENGTH; MINERAL DENSITY; IN-VITRO; FINITE-ELEMENT; SPINAL TRAUMA; CT;
   AGE; PREDICTION
AB The objective of this study was to determine the bone mineral density (BMD) of cervical vertebrae and correlate with the lumbar spine. Fifty-seven young adult healthy male volunteers, ranging from 18 to 41 years of age, underwent quantitative computed tomography (QCT) scanning of C2-T1 and L2-L4 vertebrae. To account for correlations, repeated measures techniques were used to compare data as a function of spinal level and. region. Linear regression methods were used (+/- 95% CI) to compare data as a function of spinal level and region. The mean age and body height were 25.0 +/- 5.8 years and 181.0 +/- 7.6 cm. BMD decreased from the rostral to caudal direction along the spinal column. Grouped data indicated that the neck is the densest followed by the first thoracic vertebra and low back with mean BMD of 256.0 +/- 48.1, 194.3 +/- 44.2, and 172.2 +/- 28.4 mg/cm(3), respectively; differences were statistically significant. While BMD did not vary significantly between the three lumbar bodies, neck vertebrae demonstrated significant trends. The matrix of correlation coefficients between BMD and spinal level indicated that the relationship is strong in the lumbar (r = 0.92-0.96) and cervical (r = 0.73-0.92) spines. Data from the present study show that the trabecular bony architecture of the neck is significantly different from the low back. These quantitative BMD data from a controlled young adult healthy human male volunteer population may be valuable in establishing normative data specifically for the neck. From a trabecular bone density perspective, these results indicate that lumbar vertebrae cannot act as the best surrogates for neck vertebrae. Significant variations in densities among neck vertebrae, unlike the low back counterpart, may underscore the need to treat these bones as different structures. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Neurosurg, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA.
   Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Radiol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA.
   NAVAIR, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA.
   Vet Adm Med Ctr, Milwaukee, WI 53295 USA.
RP Yoganandan, N (reprint author), Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Neurosurg, 9200 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA.
EM yoga@mcw.edu
NR 70
TC 31
Z9 34
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 8756-3282
J9 BONE
JI Bone
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 39
IS 2
BP 336
EP 344
DI 10.1016/j.bone.2006.01.160
PG 9
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 059BN
UT WOS:000238708400014
PM 16580272
ER

PT J
AU Baucom, JN
   Zikry, MA
   Rajendran, AM
AF Baucom, JN
   Zikry, MA
   Rajendran, AM
TI Low-velocity impact damage accumulation in woven S2-glass composite
   systems
SO COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE impact behavior; textile composites; debonding; matrix cracking;
   delamination
ID PENETRATION FAILURE; TOLERANCE; PLATES
AB The objective of this experimental investigation is to obtain a detailed understanding of damage accumulation in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) woven glass-fiber-reinforced composite panels under repeated transverse drop-weight impact loading conditions. Measurements were obtained for impact force and energy dissipation. The radial spread of damage was smallest for the 2D laminates and largest for the 3D woven composites. The 3D composites had the greatest resistance to penetration and dissipated more total energy than the laminate system. This damage tolerance is due to unique energy absorption mechanisms, which involve the crimped portion of z-tows in the 3D composites. This is significant, since 3D architectures can provide both an inherent capability to dissipate energy over a large radial area and a greater perforation strength than comparable 2D laminate systems. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Zikry, MA (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Box 7910, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM baucom@anvil.nrl.navy.mil; zikry@ncsu.edu; raj.rajendran@us.army.mil
RI Rajendran, Arunachalam/A-1615-2010
NR 18
TC 46
Z9 46
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0266-3538
J9 COMPOS SCI TECHNOL
JI Compos. Sci. Technol.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 66
IS 10
BP 1229
EP 1238
DI 10.1016/j.compscitech.2005.11.005
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Composites
SC Materials Science
GA 056BU
UT WOS:000238496800002
ER

PT J
AU Shumaker, PR
   Lane, K
   Harford, R
AF Shumaker, Peter R.
   Lane, Kendall
   Harford, Robert
TI Linear unilateral basal cell nevus: A benign follicular hamartoma
   simulating. multiple basal cell carcinomas
SO CUTIS
LA English
DT Article
ID EPIDERMAL NEVUS; LESIONS
AB We report a case of linear unilateral basal cell nevus (LBCN) occurring on the left lateral neck and left posterior shoulder of a 23-year-old woman. LBCN is a rare benign follicular hamartoma that must be distinguished from the more aggressive unilateral and segmental variant of nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) and the linear variant of BCC.
C1 USN, Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Dermatol, Div Dermatopathol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
   USN, Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Internal Med, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Shumaker, PR (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Dermatol, Div Dermatopathol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
NR 18
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC
PI CHATHAM
PA 7 CENTURY DRIVE, STE 302, CHATHAM, NJ 07928-2402 USA
SN 0011-4162
J9 CUTIS
JI Cutis
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 78
IS 2
BP 122
EP 124
PG 3
WC Dermatology
SC Dermatology
GA 078BB
UT WOS:000240074800008
PM 16983901
ER

PT J
AU Bevin, AA
   Steger, J
   Mannino, S
AF Bevin, Avery A.
   Steger, James
   Mannino, Stephen
TI Rheumatoid neutrophilic dermatitis
SO CUTIS
LA English
DT Article
ID ARTHRITIS; PATIENT
AB Rheumatoid neutrophilic dermatitis (RND) is an infrequent. cutaneous manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This condition is seen in patients who are both positive and negative for a circulating rheumatoid factor. Histologically, it presents with a neutrophilic dermatosis, characterized by a heavy dermal infiltrate of neutrophils with variable degrees of leukocytoclasis but no vasculitis. We describe the case of a young female with seronegative RA who had concomitant lesions of RND over both elbows. Her lesions appeared as nodules, but RND has been reported as papules and plaques, sometimes with an urticarialike appearance or ulcerations. They are often symmetric. The possibility of RND should be considered in the differential of unusual skin lesions in all patients with RA, as the presentation is quite varied.
C1 USN, Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Bevin, AA (reprint author), USN Hosp, Dept Dermatol, Camp Lejeune,100 Brewster Blvd, Camp Lejeune, NC 28547 USA.
EM avery.a.bevin@nhcl.med.navy.mil
NR 14
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC
PI CHATHAM
PA 7 CENTURY DRIVE, STE 302, CHATHAM, NJ 07928-2402 USA
SN 0011-4162
J9 CUTIS
JI Cutis
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 78
IS 2
BP 133
EP 136
PG 4
WC Dermatology
SC Dermatology
GA 078BB
UT WOS:000240074800011
PM 16983904
ER

PT J
AU Youssef, FG
   Afifi, SA
   Azab, AM
   Wasfy, MM
   Abdel-Aziz, KM
   Parker, TM
   Oun, SA
   Jobanputra, NN
   Hajjeh, RA
AF Youssef, Fouad G.
   Afifi, Salma A.
   Azab, Adel M.
   Wasfy, Momtaz M.
   Abdel-Aziz, Khalid M.
   Parker, Tina M.
   Oun, Saeid A.
   Jobanputra, Nishith N.
   Hajjeh, Rana A.
TI Differentiation of tuberculous meningitis from acute bacterial
   meningitis using simple clinical and laboratory parameters
SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
LA English
DT Article
DE tuberculous meningitis; bacterial meningitis in Egypt; early diagnosis
   of TBM
ID DIAGNOSIS; ADULTS; EXPERIENCE; FEATURES; CHILDREN; EGYPT
AB Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is still a major cause of serious illness in many parts of the world. The newer diagnostic tests and neuroimaging methods are unlikely to be available in many developing countries. We attempt to identify simple parameters for early diagnosis. A retrospective study was performed to compare the clinical and laboratory features of cultured-confirmed, TBM (134) and other bacterial meningitis (709). Features independently predictive of TBM were studied by multivariate logistic regression to develop a diagnostic rule. Six features were found predictive: length of clinical history > 5 days, headache, total cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) white blood cell Count of < 1000/mm(3), clear appearance of CSF, lymphocyte proportion of > 30%, and protein content of > 100 mg/dL. Application of 3 or more parameters revealed 93% sensitivity and 77% specificity. Applying this diagnostic rule can help in the early diagnosis of TBM, in both children and adults. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 USN, Med Res Unit 3, Dis Surveillance Program, Cairo, Egypt.
   MOHP, Communicable Dis & Control, Cairo, Egypt.
   USUHS Univ, Dept Prevent Med, Bethesda, MD USA.
   Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Unit, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Youssef, FG (reprint author), USN, Med Res Unit 3, Dis Surveillance Program, Cairo, Egypt.
EM yousseff@namru3.med.navy.mil
RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013
NR 33
TC 39
Z9 43
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0732-8893
J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS
JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 55
IS 4
BP 275
EP 278
DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2006.01.027
PG 4
WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 074QQ
UT WOS:000239827300005
PM 16626906
ER

PT J
AU Jiang, J
   Soeatmadji, DW
   Henry, KM
   Ratiwayanto, S
   Bangs, MJ
   Richards, AL
AF Jiang, Ju
   Soeatmadji, Djoko W.
   Henry, Katherine M.
   Ratiwayanto, Sutanti
   Bangs, Michael J.
   Richards, Allen L.
TI Rickettsia felis in Xenopsylla cheopis, Java, Indonesia
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID SPOTTED-FEVER GROUP; THAI-MYANMAR BORDER; CTENOCEPHALIDES-FELIS; FLEAS;
   INFECTIONS; TYPHUS
AB Rickettsia typhi and R. felis, etiologic agents of murine typhus and fleaborne spotted fever, respectively, were detected in Oriental rat fleas (Xenopsylla cheopis) collected from rodents and shrews in Java, Indonesia. We describe the first evidence of R. felis in Indonesia and naturally occurring R. felis in Oriental rat fleas.
C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Rickettsial Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
   Brawijaya Univ, Malang, Indonesia.
   USN, Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia.
RP Richards, AL (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Rickettsial Dis Dept, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM RichardsA@nmrc.navy.mil
RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013
NR 15
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 1
PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 12
IS 8
BP 1281
EP 1283
PG 3
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 068FQ
UT WOS:000239358500022
PM 16965716
ER

PT J
AU Yingst, SL
   Saad, MD
   Felt, SA
AF Yingst, Samuel L.
   Saad, Magdi D.
   Felt, Stephen A.
TI Qinghai-like H5N1 from domestic cats, northern Iraq
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Letter
ID AVIAN INFLUENZA H5N1; VIRUS; TIGERS; ASIA
C1 USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt.
RP Yingst, SL (reprint author), USN, Med Res Unit 3, PSC 452,Box 115, FPO, AE 09835 USA.
EM yingsts@namru3.med.navy.mil
RI Saad, Magdi/H-5561-2013; Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013
OI Saad, Magdi/0000-0003-2111-8115; 
NR 9
TC 43
Z9 45
U1 0
U2 3
PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 12
IS 8
BP 1295
EP 1297
PG 3
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 068FQ
UT WOS:000239358500031
PM 16972356
ER

PT J
AU Green, RE
   Bianchi, TS
   Dagg, MJ
   Walker, ND
   Breed, GA
AF Green, Rebecca E.
   Bianchi, Thomas S.
   Dagg, Michael J.
   Walker, Nan D.
   Breed, Greg A.
TI An organic carbon budget for the Mississippi River turbidity plume and
   plume contributions to air-sea CO2 fluxes and bottom water hypoxia
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; LOUISIANA CONTINENTAL-SHELF; NET ECOSYSTEM METABOLISM;
   COASTAL WATERS; PHYTOPLANKTON BIOMASS; PARTICULATE MATERIALS; COMMUNITY
   METABOLISM; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; CHESAPEAKE BAY; WIND STRESS
AB We investigated seasonal variability in organic carbon (OC) budgets using a physical-biological model for the Mississippi River turbidity plume. Plume volume was calculated from mixed layer depth and area in each of four salinity subregions based on an extensive set of cruise data and satellite-derived suspended sediment distributions. These physical measurements were coupled with an existing food web model to determine seasonally dependent budgets for labile (reactive on time scales of days to weeks) OC in each salinity subregion. Autochthonous gross primary production (GPP) equaled 1.3 X 10(12) g C yr(-1) and dominated labile OC inputs (88% of the budget) because riverine OC was assumed mostly refractory (nonreactive). For perspective, riverine OC inputs amounted to 3.9 X 10(12) g C yr(-1), such that physical inputs were 3 times greater than biological inputs to the plume. Annually, microbial respiration (R) accounted for 65% of labile OC losses and net metabolism (GPP - R) for the entire plume was autotrophic, equaling 5.1 X 10(11) g C yr(-1). Smaller losses of labile OC occurred via sedimentation (20%), advection (10%), and export to higher trophic levels (5%). In our present model, annual losses of labile OC are 10% higher than inputs, indicating future improvements are required. Application of our model to estimate air-sea carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes indicated the plume was a net sink of 2.0 X 10(8) mol CO2 yr(-1), of which 90% of the total drawdown was from biotic factors. In all seasons, low salinity waters were a source of CO2 (PCO2 = 560-890 mu atm), and intermediate to high salinity waters were a sink Of CO2 (PCO2 = 200-370 mu atm). Our model was also used to calculate O-2 demand for the development of regional hypoxia, and our spring and early summer budgets indicated that sedimentation of autochthonous OC from the immediate plume contributed 23% of the O-2 demand necessary for establishment of hypoxia in the region.
C1 Tulane Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.
   Louisiana Univ Marine Consortium, Chauvin, LA 70344 USA.
   Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
   Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biol, Halifax, NS B3H 4J1, Canada.
RP Green, RE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ocean Sci Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM rgreen@nrlssc.navy.mil
RI Walker, Nan/D-8819-2013
NR 99
TC 63
Z9 64
U1 1
U2 18
PU ESTUARINE RESEARCH FEDERATION
PI PORT REPUBLIC
PA 2018 DAFFODIL, PO BOX 510, PORT REPUBLIC, MD 20676 USA
SN 1559-2723
J9 ESTUARIES COASTS
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 29
IS 4
BP 579
EP 597
PG 19
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 085KB
UT WOS:000240601900004
ER

PT J
AU Lean, JL
AF Lean, Judith L.
TI Comment on "Estimated solar contribution to the global surface warming
   using the ACRIM TSI satellite composite'' by N. Scafetta and B. J. West
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID IRRADIANCE; CYCLES
C1 USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Lean, JL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jlean@ssd5.nrl.navy.mil
OI Lean, Judith/0000-0002-0087-9639
NR 9
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 1
PY 2006
VL 33
IS 15
AR L15701
DI 10.1029/2005GL025342
PG 3
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 071JB
UT WOS:000239596400001
ER

PT J
AU Khatkhate, A
   Ray, A
   Keller, E
   Gupta, S
   Chin, SC
AF Khatkhate, Amol
   Ray, Asok
   Keller, Eric
   Gupta, Shalabh
   Chin, Shin C.
TI Symbolic time-series analysis for anomaly detection in mechanical
SO IEEE-ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE anomaly detection; fatigue crack damage; symbolic dynamics; time-series
   analysis
ID WAVELET TRANSFORM; SYSTEMS
AB This paper examines the efficacy of a novel method for anomaly detection in mechanical systems, which makes use of a hidden Markov model, derived from the time-series data of pertinent measurement(s). The core concept of the anomaly detection method is symbolic time-series analysis that is built upon the principles of Automata Theory, Information Theory, and Pattern Recognition. The performance of this method is compared with that of other existing pattern-recognition techniques from the perspective of early detection of small fatigue cracks in ductile alloy structures. The experimental apparatus, on which the anomaly detection method is tested, is a multi-degree-of-freedom mass-beam structure excited by oscillatory motion of two electromagnetic shakers. The evolution of fatigue crack damage at one or more failure sites are detected from symbolic time-series analysis of displacement sensor signals.
C1 Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Khatkhate, A (reprint author), Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM amk303@psu.edu; axr2@psu.edu; eekeller@psu.edu; szg107@psu.edu;
   shin.chin@nrl.navy.mil
NR 22
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 8
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 1083-4435
J9 IEEE-ASME T MECH
JI IEEE-ASME Trans. Mechatron.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 11
IS 4
BP 439
EP 447
DI 10.1109/TMECH.2006.878544
PG 9
WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering,
   Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering
GA 076CB
UT WOS:000239933500010
ER

PT J
AU Engel, TG
   Neri, JM
   Nunnally, WC
AF Engel, Thomas G.
   Neri, Jesse M.
   Nunnally, William C.
TI Efficiency and scaling of constant inductance gradient DC
   electromagnetic launchers
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE coilguns; electromagnetic launching; linear motors; railguns
AB We present efficiency and scaling relationships for dc (i.e., noninduction) constant inductance gradient electromagnetic launchers. We derive expressions for electromagnetic force, efficiency, back-voltage, and kinetic power in terms of electrical circuit parameters. We show that launcher efficiency is a simple function of armature velocity and the launcher's characteristic velocity. The characteristic velocity characterizes the launcher and is the product of two new parameters: the mode constant and launcher constant. Mathematically, the launcher must operate at its characteristic velocity for 50% maximum efficiency. The mode constant reflects the manner in which the launcher is powered and its maximum efficiency. The launcher constant reflects the geometry of the launcher. We consider two modes of operation: constant current and zero exit current operation. We develop the ideal electromagnetic launcher concept and define it as operation at 100% maximum efficiency at all velocities. We also develop the concept of same-scale comparisons, that is, that electromagnetic launcher comparisons should be done with equal bore diameter, launcher length, projectile mass, and velocity. Finally, we present a comparative analysis based on experimental data of same-scale constant gradient electromagnetic launchers for conventional railgun, augmented railgun, and helical gun launchers in terms of the launcher constant, inductance gradient, bore diameter, bore length, system resistance, and armature (i.e., projectile) velocity.
C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Engel, TG (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM engelt@missouri.edu
NR 12
TC 35
Z9 38
U1 3
U2 14
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9464
J9 IEEE T MAGN
JI IEEE Trans. Magn.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 42
IS 8
BP 2043
EP 2051
DI 10.1109/TMAG.2006.875735
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 068IW
UT WOS:000239368100015
ER

PT J
AU McMorrow, D
   Buchner, S
   Baze, M
   Bartholet, B
   Katz, R
   O'Bryan, M
   Poivey, C
   LaBel, KA
   Ladbury, R
   Maher, M
   Sexton, FW
AF McMorrow, Dale
   Buchner, Stephen
   Baze, Mark
   Bartholet, Bill
   Katz, Richard
   O'Bryan, Martha
   Poivey, Christian
   LaBel, Kenneth A.
   Ladbury, Ray
   Maher, Mike
   Sexton, Fred W.
TI Laser-Induced latchup screening and mitigation in CMOS devices
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 8th European Conference on Radiation and its Effects on Components and
   Systems
CY SEP 19-23, 2005
CL Cap d Agde, FRANCE
SP Univ Montpellier II
DE CMOS; laser; latchup; micro-latchup; picosecond; single-event effects;
   single-event latchup (SEL)
ID SINGLE-EVENT UPSET; 2-PHOTON ABSORPTION; PULSED-LASER; THROUGH-WAFER
AB The application of the pulsed laser approach for identifying latch-up sensitive regions in CMOS circuitry is described. The utility of this approach for preliminary latchup screening of both COTS and space-qualified parts for applications in radiation environments is described. An application of hardening-by-design principles in which a space-qualified CMOS product is modified, based on the pulsed laser results, to be latchup immune, is presented in detail. The design modifications are described.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, QSS Grp Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
   Boeing Co, Seattle, WA 98124 USA.
   NASA, Off Log Design, Greenbelt, MD USA.
   NASA, MEI Technol, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
   Natl Semicond Corp, Portland, ME 04106 USA.
   Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP McMorrow, D (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM mcmorrow@ccs.nrl.navy.mil
NR 13
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 6
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 53
IS 4
BP 1819
EP 1824
DI 10.1109/TNS.2006.880929
PN 1
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 080JD
UT WOS:000240242800012
ER

PT J
AU Ferlet-Cavrois, V
   Paillet, R
   McMorrow, D
   Melinger, JS
   Campbell, AB
   Gaillardin, M
   Faynot, O
   Thomas, O
   Barna, G
   Giffard, B
AF Ferlet-Cavrois, V.
   Paillet, R.
   McMorrow, D.
   Melinger, J. S.
   Campbell, A. B.
   Gaillardin, M.
   Faynot, O.
   Thomas, O.
   Barna, G.
   Giffard, B.
TI Analysis of the transient response of high performance 50-nm partially
   depleted SOI transistors using a laser probing technique
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 8th European Conference on Radiation and its Effects on Components and
   Systems
CY SEP 19-23, 2005
CL Cap d Agde, FRANCE
SP Univ Montpellier II
DE bipolar amplification gain; charge calibration; critical charge;
   partially depleted SOI; pulsed laser irradiation; threshold LET
ID SINGLE-EVENT UPSET; HEAVY-ION IRRADIATION; PULSED-LASER; SEU
AB A new experimental technique is used to analyze the transient response of partially depleted SOI devices to pulsed laser irradiation. This new technique allows calibration of the deposited charge in the sensitive volume (i.e., the body region of the measured SOI transistors) and then the quantitative analysis of the device transient response. In particular 50-nm gate length SOI transistors have been tested with the pulsed laser, and their response is compared to 0.25-mu m partially depleted SOI transistors. The transient current and the collected charge are investigated as a function of the supply voltage for both types of SOI devices. The technology optimization for low leakage or high performance applications is shown to have large effects on the SOI device sensitivity.
C1 CEA, DIF, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   IMEP, ENSERG, F-38016 Grenoble, France.
   CEA, LETI, F-38054 Grenoble, France.
RP Ferlet-Cavrois, V (reprint author), CEA, DIF, BP12, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France.
EM veronique.ferlet@cea.fr
NR 13
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 53
IS 4
BP 1825
EP 1833
DI 10.1109/TNS.2006.880572
PN 1
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 080JD
UT WOS:000240242800013
ER

PT J
AU Warner, JH
   Messenger, SR
   Walters, RJ
   Summers, GP
   Lorentzen, JR
   Wilt, DM
   Smith, MA
AF Warner, Jeffrey H.
   Messenger, Scott R.
   Walters, Robert J.
   Summers, Geoffrey P.
   Lorentzen, Justin R.
   Wilt, David M.
   Smith, Mark A.
TI Correlation of electron radiation induced-damage in GaAs solar cells
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 8th European Conference on Radiation and its Effects on Components and
   Systems
CY SEP 19-23, 2005
CL Cap d Agde, FRANCE
SP Univ Montpellier II
DE damage correlation; displacement damage; electron displacement damage;
   GaAs solar cells; nonionizing energy loss (NIEL); radiation damage
ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; ENERGY-DEPENDENCE; DISPLACEMENT DAMAGE; PROTON
   IRRADIATION; LIFETIME; NIEL
AB GaAs solar cells with different structures and polarities were irradiated with 1 and 5 MeV electrons. The energy dependence of the electron damage coefficients for the photocurrent, photovoltage, and maximum power were found to vary approximately linearly with NIEL in contrast to what has been found for other GaAs cells.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.
   SFA Inc, Largo, MD 20774 USA.
   Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21253 USA.
   NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
   OAI, Cleveland, OH 44142 USA.
RP Warner, JH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jwarne4@umbc.edu; senger@nrl.navy.mil; rwalters@ccs.nrl.navy.mil;
   gsummers@ccf.nrl.navy.mil; jlorentz@estd.nrl.navy.mil;
   david.wilt@grc.nasa.gov; Mark.A.Smith@grc.nasa.gov
NR 24
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 53
IS 4
BP 1988
EP 1994
DI 10.1109/TNS.2006.877877
PN 1
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 080JD
UT WOS:000240242800037
ER

PT J
AU Baylouny, AM
AF Baylouny, Anne Marie
TI Creating kin: New family associations as welfare providers in
   liberalizing Jordan
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES
LA English
DT Article
ID PALESTINIANS
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
   Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Middle E Studies, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Baylouny, AM (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, 1411 Cunningham Rd,GL-393, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM ambaylou@nps.edu
NR 73
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0020-7438
J9 INT J MIDDLE E STUD
JI nnt. J. Middle East Stud.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 38
IS 3
BP 349
EP 368
DI 10.1017/S0020743806383018
PG 20
WC Area Studies
SC Area Studies
GA 082ID
UT WOS:000240379000001
ER

PT J
AU Kadhim, A
AF Kadhim, Abbas
TI The future of Iraq: Dictatorship, democracy, or division?
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Kadhim, A (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
EM abbaskadhim@hotmail.com
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0020-7438
J9 INT J MIDDLE E STUD
JI nnt. J. Middle East Stud.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 38
IS 3
BP 484
EP 485
DI 10.1017/S0020743806383250
PG 2
WC Area Studies
SC Area Studies
GA 082ID
UT WOS:000240379000025
ER

PT J
AU Woodman, PJ
   Swift, SE
   O'Boyle, AL
   Valley, MT
   Bland, DR
   Kahn, MA
   Schaffer, JI
AF Woodman, PJ
   Swift, SE
   O'Boyle, AL
   Valley, MT
   Bland, DR
   Kahn, MA
   Schaffer, JI
TI Prevalence of severe pelvic organ prolapse in relation to job
   description and socioeconomic status: a multicenter cross-sectional
   study
SO INTERNATIONAL UROGYNECOLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE pelvic organ prolapse; POP-Q; income; socioeconomic status; occupation
ID URINARY-INCONTINENCE; STRESS-INCONTINENCE; GENITAL PROLAPSE; FLOOR;
   CLASSIFICATION; POPULATION; SUPPORT; RISK; HYSTERECTOMY; DYSFUNCTION
AB The aim of this study was to determine if certain occupations or socioeconomic levels are associated with pelvic organ prolapse. Investigators at six American sites performed pelvic organ prolapse quantification examinations on women presenting for routine gynecologic care. Between September 1999 and March 2002, 1,004 patients were examined. Severe pelvic organ prolapse was defined as the leading edge being 1 cm or more beyond the hymeneal ring. The data was analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance, Bonferroni test, multiple logistic regression, and descriptive statistics. The prevalence of severe pelvic organ prolapse in our group was 4.3%. Women who were laborers/factory workers had significantly more severe prolapse than the other job categories (p < 0.001). Women with annual income of $10,000 or less had significantly more severe pelvic organ prolapse than other income groups (p < 0.001). These differences persisted even when controlling for age, race, number of deliveries, body mass index > 30, and smoking status (all p < 0.001). Laborers/factory worker jobs and an annual household income of $10,000 or less are associated with severe pelvic organ prolapse.
C1 Indiana Univ, Urogynecol Associates Methodist Hosp, Clarian Hlth, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
   Blue Ridge Med Associates, Winston Salem, NC USA.
   Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Galveston, TX 77550 USA.
   Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Urol, Galveston, TX 77550 USA.
   Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Urogynecol & Reconstruct Pelv Surg, Dallas, TX 75235 USA.
   Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Urogynecol & Pelv Reconstruct Surg, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA.
   Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Benign Gynecol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
   Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Portsmouth, VA USA.
   Hlts Syst Minnesota, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Shakopee, MN USA.
RP Woodman, PJ (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Urogynecol Associates Methodist Hosp, Clarian Hlth, 1633 N Capitol Ave 436, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
EM Patrick.Woodman@gmail.com
NR 28
TC 43
Z9 47
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD
PI GODALMING
PA SWEETAPPLE HOUSE CATTESHALL ROAD, GODALMING GU7 3DJ, SURREY, ENGLAND
SN 0937-3462
J9 INT UROGYNECOL J
JI Int. Urogynecol. J.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 17
IS 4
BP 340
EP 345
DI 10.1007/s00192-005-0009-2
PG 6
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Urology & Nephrology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Urology & Nephrology
GA 049ND
UT WOS:000238022400008
PM 16261426
ER

PT J
AU Mastro, MA
   Holm, RT
   Bassim, ND
   Eddy, CR
   Henry, RL
   Twigg, ME
   Rosenberg, A
AF Mastro, Michael A.
   Holm, Ron T.
   Bassim, Nabil D.
   Eddy, Charles R., Jr.
   Henry, Rich L.
   Twigg, Mark E.
   Rosenberg, Armand
TI Wurtzite III-nitride distributed Bragg reflectors on Si(100) substrates
SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 2-LETTERS & EXPRESS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE distributed Bragg reflectors; gallium nitride; silicon; superlattice
ID GAN; GROWTH; ALN
AB Distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) composed of an AlN/GaN superlattice were demonstrated for the first time on Si(100) substrates. Single-crystal wurtzite superlattice structures were achieved on this cubic substrate by employing offcut Si(100) wafers,with the surface normal pointing 4 degrees towards the [110] direction. This misorientation introduced an additional epitaxial constraint that prevented the growth of a two-domain GaN surface as well as cubic GaN inclusions. A crack-free 600 nm GaN cap/5 x AlN/GaN DBR structure on Si(100) was demonstrated. This accomplishment of a wurtzite HI-nitride DBRs on Si(100) opens the possibility to integrate novel optical and optoelectronic devices with established Si microelectronics technology.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Mastro, MA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 15
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 7
PU INST PURE APPLIED PHYSICS
PI TOKYO
PA 5F YUSHIMA BLDG, 2-31-22 YUSHIMA, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0034, JAPAN
SN 0021-4922
J9 JPN J APPL PHYS 2
JI Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 2 - Lett. Express Lett.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 45
IS 29-32
BP L814
EP L816
DI 10.1143/JJAP.45.L814
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 081CN
UT WOS:000240294900021
ER

PT J
AU Kelso, JM
   Lin, FL
   Jones, RT
   Yunginger, JW
AF Kelso, John M.
   Lin, Fang L.
   Jones, Richard T.
   Yunginger, John W.
TI Apparent sensitization to latex through swim caps
SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
ID RUBBER PRODUCTS
C1 USN, Div Allergy, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
   Mayo Clin, Allerg Dis Res Lab, Rochester, MN USA.
RP Kelso, JM (reprint author), USN, Div Allergy, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
NR 4
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU MOSBY, INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA
SN 0091-6749
J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN
JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 118
IS 2
BP 524
EP 525
DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.04.007
PG 2
WC Allergy; Immunology
SC Allergy; Immunology
GA 075IH
UT WOS:000239877700034
PM 16890783
ER

PT J
AU Gonzalez, M
   Andre, CL
   Walters, RJ
   Messenger, SR
   Warner, JH
   Lorentzen, JR
   Pitera, AJ
   Fitzgerald, EA
   Ringel, SA
AF Gonzalez, M.
   Andre, C. L.
   Walters, R. J.
   Messenger, S. R.
   Warner, J. H.
   Lorentzen, J. R.
   Pitera, A. J.
   Fitzgerald, E. A.
   Ringel, S. A.
TI Deep level defects in proton radiated GaAs grown on metamorphic SiGe/Si
   substrates
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; IRRADIATION-INDUCED DEFECTS; HOLE TRAPS;
   DISLOCATIONS; QUALITY; LAYERS
AB The effect of 2 MeV proton radiation on the introduction of deep levels in GaAs grown on compositionally graded SiGe/Si substrates was investigated using deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS). Systematic comparisons were made with identical layers grown on both GaAs and Ge substrates to directly assess the influence of threading dislocations on radiation-related deep levels for both n-type and p-type GaAs. DLTS revealed that for p(+)n structures, proton irradiation generates electron traps at E-c-0.14 eV, E-c-0.25 eV, E-c-0.54 eV, and E-c-0.72 eV in the n-GaAs base, and, for n(+)p structures, radiation-induced hole traps appear at E-v+0.18 eV, E-v+0.23 eV, E-v+0.27 eV, and E-v+0.77 eV in the p-type GaAs base, irrespective of substrate choice for both polarities. The primary influence of substituting SiGe/Si substrates for conventional GaAs and Ge substrates is on the introduction rates of the individual traps as a function of proton radiation fluence. Substantially reduced concentrations are found for each radiation-induced hole trap observed in p-type GaAs, as well as for the Ec-0.54 eV trap in n-GaAs for samples on SiGe/Si, as a function of proton fluence. Calculated trap introduction rates reveal reductions by as much as similar to 40% for certain hole traps in p-GaAs grown on SiGe/Si. This increased radiation tolerance for GaAs grown on SiGe/Si is attributed to interactions between the low density (similar to 10(6) cm(-2)) of residual dislocations within the metamorphic GaAs/SiGe/Si structure and the radiation-induced point defects. Nevertheless, the fact that the impact of dislocations on radiation tolerance is far more dramatic for n(+)p GaAs structures compared to p(+)n structures, may have implications on future III-V/Si space solar cell design optimization, since end-of-life versus beginning-of-life differences are critical factors for power profiling in high radiation environments. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Gonzalez, M (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM ringel@ece.osu.edu
NR 27
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 1
PY 2006
VL 100
IS 3
AR 034503
DI 10.1063/1.2220720
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 073SY
UT WOS:000239764100100
ER

PT J
AU Stevens, RW
   Strother, JM
   McClanahan, SB
AF Stevens, Richard W.
   Strother, James M.
   McClanahan, Scott B.
TI Leakage and sealer penetration in smear-free dentin after a final rinse
   with 95% ethanol
SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE ethanol; sealer penetration; smear-layer; surfactant
ID ROOT-CANAL SEALERS; IRRIGATING SOLUTIONS; ENDODONTIC IRRIGANT;
   SODIUM-HYPOCHLORITE; TUBULE PENETRATION; SURFACE-TENSION; IN-VITRO;
   LAYER; ALCOHOL; ABILITY
AB Forty extracted maxillary incisors were decoronated, prepared in a crown-down fashion and randomly divided into two groups of 16 roots each. Remaining roots served as controls. Smear layer was removed with 17% EDTA followed by 5.25% NaOCl, the canals in group N were again rinsed with NaOCl before obturation with laterally compacted gutta-percha and Roth's 801 sealer. The roots in group E were rinsed With 95% ethyl alcohol instead of NaOCl for the final rinse. Leakage was determined using a fluid-flow model. Roots were cleared, split, and sealer penetration into the dentinal tubules was measured under light-microscopy. Group E demonstrated significantly greater sealer penetration (p = 0.002) and significantly less leakage (p = 0.040), than group N. Leakage could not be significantly correlated with sealer penetration (p = 0.725). Under the conditions of this study, we found that a final rinse with 95% ethyl alcohol increased sealer penetration and decreased leakage.
C1 USN, Sch Postgrad Dent, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA.
RP Stevens, RW (reprint author), 2D DEN BN-NDC,PSC Box 20130, Camp Lejeune, NC 28542 USA.
EM rbjestevens@earthlink.net
NR 16
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0099-2399
J9 J ENDODONT
JI J. Endod.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 32
IS 8
BP 785
EP 788
DI 10.1016/j.joen.2006.02.027
PG 4
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
GA 068VJ
UT WOS:000239402300016
PM 16861083
ER

PT J
AU Harper, JD
   Ebrahimi, K
   Auge, BK
   Sur, RL
   Preminger, GM
   Albala, DM
   Baldwin, DD
AF Harper, J. D.
   Ebrahimi, K.
   Auge, B. K.
   Sur, R. L.
   Preminger, G. M.
   Albala, D. M.
   Baldwin, D. D.
TI Second generation radial-dilating ureteral access sheath compared to a
   standard access sheath in a porcine model
SO JOURNAL OF ENDOUROLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27706 USA.
   USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
   Loma Linda Univ, Med Ctr, Loma Linda, CA USA.
RI Preminger, Glenn/B-3990-2011
OI Preminger, Glenn/0000-0003-4287-602X
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 0892-7790
J9 J ENDOUROL
JI J. Endourol.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 20
SU 1
BP A67
EP A67
PG 1
WC Urology & Nephrology
SC Urology & Nephrology
GA 075ST
UT WOS:000239906200263
ER

PT J
AU Norris, RD
   Springhart, WP
   Mathias, B
   Sur, RL
   Haleblian, GE
   Pierre, SA
   Pietrow, P
   Auge, B
   Albala, DM
   Preminger, GM
AF Norris, Regina D.
   Springhart, William P.
   Mathias, Barbara
   Sur, Roger L.
   Haleblian, George E.
   Pierre, Sean A.
   Pietrow, Paid
   Auge, Brian
   Albala, David M.
   Preminger, Glenn M.
TI A prospective, randomized, double-blinded placebo controlled comparison
   of extended release oxybutynin vs phenazopyridine for the management of
   postoperative ureteral stent discomfort
SO JOURNAL OF ENDOUROLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA.
   Hudson Valley Urol, Poughkeepsie, NY USA.
   USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RI Preminger, Glenn/B-3990-2011
OI Preminger, Glenn/0000-0003-4287-602X
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 0892-7790
J9 J ENDOUROL
JI J. Endourol.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 20
SU 1
BP A188
EP A188
PG 1
WC Urology & Nephrology
SC Urology & Nephrology
GA 075ST
UT WOS:000239906201021
ER

PT J
AU Stroup, SP
   Altamar, HO
   L'Esperance, JO
   Auge, BK
AF Stroup, S. P.
   Altamar, H. O.
   L'Esperance, J. O.
   Auge, B. K.
TI Retroperitoneoscopic radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma during
   twin pregnancy
SO JOURNAL OF ENDOUROLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 0892-7790
J9 J ENDOUROL
JI J. Endourol.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 20
SU 1
BP A203
EP A203
PG 1
WC Urology & Nephrology
SC Urology & Nephrology
GA 075ST
UT WOS:000239906201082
ER

PT J
AU Walters, RC
   Auge, BK
   L'Esperance, JO
AF Walters, R. C.
   Auge, B. K.
   L'Esperance, J. O.
TI Novel approach to repair of caliceal and parenchymal defects during
   laparoscopic partial nephrectomy
SO JOURNAL OF ENDOUROLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 0892-7790
J9 J ENDOUROL
JI J. Endourol.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 20
SU 1
BP A174
EP A174
PG 1
WC Urology & Nephrology
SC Urology & Nephrology
GA 075ST
UT WOS:000239906200673
ER

PT J
AU Kara, AB
   Hurlburt, HE
AF Kara, A. Birol
   Hurlburt, Harley E.
TI Daily inter-annual simulations of SST and MLD using atmospherically
   forced OGCMs: Model evaluation in comparison to buoy time series
SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE OGCM evaluation; daily buoy data; skill score; SST; MLD; model
   resolution
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; NORTH PACIFIC-OCEAN; MIXED-LAYER DEPTH; 1997-98
   EL-NINO; SOUTH CHINA SEA; GLOBAL OCEAN; 1/64-DEGREES RESOLUTION;
   CORRELATION-COEFFICIENT; FORECAST VERIFICATION; JAPAN/EAST SEA
AB A systematic methodology for model-data comparisons of sea surface temperature (SST) and mixed layer depth (MLD) is presented using inter-annual simulations from an ocean general circulation model (OGCM), the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Layered Ocean Model (NLOM), over 1980-1998. The model-data comparisons performed here are applicable to other OGCMs and are sufficiently detailed to allow easy comparison of results from other models with NLOM, including statistics at specific buoy locations in specific years. There are three model configurations: coarse resolution (1/2 degrees global) and fine resolution (1/8 degrees global and 1/16 degrees Pacific). These are used to assess the sensitivity to OGCM resolution, including the impact of increasing nondeterminicity due to flow instabilities in the 1/8 degrees marginally eddy-resolving and 1/1 degrees 6 fully eddy-resolving simulations. In addition, sensitivity to the choice of atmospheric forcing product is investigated. For all three models the atmospheric forcing is from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) during 1980-1998, and for the 1/16 degrees Pacific configuration only the forcing from the Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center (FNMOC) Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS) during 1990-1998 is also used. Availability of NOGAPS thermal forcing begins in 1998. Daily averaged buoy time series from the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) and the Tropical Atmosphere Ocean (TAO) array are used for inter-annual evaluation of these atmospherically forced OGCMs with no assimilation of SST data and no date-specific assimilation of any data type. For the purpose of model evaluation several statistical metrics are calculated comparing buoy and model time series: mean error (ME), root-mean-square difference (RMSD), correlation coefficient (R), non-dimensional skill score (SS), and normalized RMSD (NRMSD). SST comparisons to the 340 yearlong daily buoy SST time series spanning 1980-1998 gave median values of -0.09 degrees C for ME, 0.82 degrees C for RMSD, 0.92 for R, and 0.73 for SS for the 1/2 degrees global model. Positive SS values, an indication of model success, are found for 286 out of 340 buoys (approximate to 84%). An advantage of using a floating mixed layer approach in the global model is demonstrated for simulation of deep and shallow MLD at a buoy location in the Arabian Sea during the 1994-1995 Monsoon period. Model-data comparisons for 1998, when the equatorial Pacific ocean experienced a sharp transition from a strong El Nino to a strong La Nina event, revealed almost no sensitivity to the choice of thermal forcing product. In general, the sensitivity of SST accuracy to model resolution or atmospheric forcing choice was also low based on comparisons to 194 yearlong daily SST time series during 1990-1998. The median RMSD values are 0.68 degrees, 0.61 degrees, 0.84 degrees and 0.84 degrees C for 1/2 degrees, 1/8 degrees, 1/16 degrees ECMWF-forced simulations and the 1/16 degrees with NOGAPS wind forcing and ECMWF thermal forcing. However, some regional differences exist, e.g., median RMSD values of 0.85 degrees C for the ECMWF-forced vs. 0.88 degrees C for the NOGAPS-forced simulations against the 127 TAO buoys, and 0.76 degrees C for NOGAPS-forced vs. 0.84 degrees C for ECMWF-forced simulations against the 67 NDBC buoys, all outside the equatorial region.
   Overall, the results of this paper revealed that 6 hourly wind and thermal forcing products exist that are sufficiently accurate to allow simulated SSTs and MLDs in an OGCM that are typically accurate to within < 1 degrees C in comparison o daily buoy time series, when there is no assimilation of SST data and when model SST is used in the calculation of latent and sensible heat fluxes. These results indicate that the atmospheric forcing products and the OGCM are suitable for assimilation and forecasting of SST over the global ocean. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Kara, AB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Code 7320,Bldg 1009, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM birol.kara@nrlssc.navy.mil; harley.hurlburt@nrissc.navy.mil
NR 59
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0924-7963
J9 J MARINE SYST
JI J. Mar. Syst.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 62
IS 1-2
BP 95
EP 119
DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2006.04.004
PG 25
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
   Oceanography
SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 085ZC
UT WOS:000240641900009
ER

PT J
AU Lambrakos, SG
   Tran, NE
   Lagakos, N
   Trzaskoma-Paulette, PP
AF Lambrakos, S. G.
   Tran, N. E.
   Lagakos, N.
   Trzaskoma-Paulette, P. P.
TI Inverse analysis of surface degradation using optical fibers
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
LA English
DT Article
DE corrosion monitoring; fiber-optic sensor; inverse analysis; monitoring
   surface degradation; remote sensors
ID PLASMON RESONANCE; SENSORS; CORROSION
AB The authors present a general method based on inverse analysis of light signals from a fiber-optic sensor for in situ detection of metal, film, or coating degradation. This method, which does not, in principle, depend on the geometry of the fiber-optic sensor, is based on analysis of reflected light intensity loss as opposed to reflected or transmitted intensity modulation. Following an inverse-analysis approach, the level and rate of intensity loss are correlated with levels and rates of surface degradation. This approach allows optimization of fiber-optic sensors for specific applications and different environments. Case study analyses using experimental data are used to demonstrate the fundamentals of various aspects of this method.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Acoust Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Natl Acad, Engn & Phys Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Lambrakos, SG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Code 6390, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM lambrakos@nrl.navy.mil
NR 15
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 3
PU ASM INTERNATIONAL
PI MATERIALS PARK
PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002
   USA
SN 1059-9495
J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM
JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 15
IS 4
BP 484
EP 489
DI 10.1361/105994906X124604
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 071XR
UT WOS:000239637700019
ER

PT J
AU Ebenstein, DM
   Wahl, KJ
AF Ebenstein, Donna M.
   Wahl, Kathryn J.
TI Anisotropic nanomechanical properties of Nephila clavipes dragline silk
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; SKIN-CORE STRUCTURE; BLACK-WIDOW SPIDER;
   MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; LATRODECTUS-HESPERUS; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY;
   INDENTATION; MORPHOLOGY; NANOINDENTATION; MODULUS
AB Spider silk is a material with unique mechanical properties under tension. In this study, we explore the anisotropic mechanical properties of spider silk using instrumented indentation. Both quasistatic indentation and dynamic stiffness imaging techniques were used to measure the mechanical properties in transverse and longitudinal sections of silk fibers. Quasistatic indentation yielded moduli of 10 +/- 2 GPa in transverse sections and moduli of 6.4 +/- 0.5 GPa in longitudinal sections, demonstrating mechanical anisotropy in the fiber. This result was supported by dynamic stiffness imaging, which also showed the average reduced modulus measured in the transverse section to be slightly higher than that of the longitudinal section. Stiffness imaging further revealed an oriented microstructure in the fiber, showing microfibrils aligned with the drawing axis of the fiber. No spatial distribution of modulus across the silk sections was observed by either quasistatic or stiffness imaging mechanics.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Wahl, KJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6176, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM kathryn.wahl@nrl.navy.mil
OI Wahl, Kathryn/0000-0001-8163-6964
NR 36
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 9
PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY
PI WARRENDALE
PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA
SN 0884-2914
J9 J MATER RES
JI J. Mater. Res.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 8
BP 2035
EP 2044
DI 10.1557/JMR.2006.0246
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 072LL
UT WOS:000239674800020
ER

PT J
AU Kostoff, RN
   Stump, JA
   Johnson, D
   Murday, JS
   Lau, CGY
   Tolles, WM
AF Kostoff, Ronald N.
   Stump, Jesse A.
   Johnson, Dustin
   Murday, James S.
   Lau, Clifford G. Y.
   Tolles, William M.
TI The structure and infrastructure of the global nanotechnology literature
SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE nanotechnology; nanoscience; nanomaterials; nanoparticles; nanotubes;
   nanostructures; nanocomposites; nanowires; nanocrystals;
   nanofabrication; nanolithography; quantum dots; self-assembly; text
   mining; computational linguistics; bibliometrics
ID DATABASE TOMOGRAPHY; BIBLIOMETRICS; INFORMATION; SCIENCE; IMPACT
AB Text mining is the extraction of useful information from large volumes of text. A text mining analysis of the global open nanotechnology literature was performed. Records from the Science Citation Index (SCI)/Social SCI were analyzed to provide the infrastructure of the global nanotechnology literature (prolific authors/journals/institutions/countries, most cited authors/papers/journals) and the thematic structure (taxonomy) of the global nanotechnology literature, from a science perspective. Records from the Engineering Compendex (EC) were analyzed to provide a taxonomy from a technology perspective.
   The Far Eastern countries have expanded nanotechnology publication output dramatically in the past decade.
   The Peoples Republic of China ranks second to the USA (2004 results) in nanotechnology papers published in the SCI, and has increased its nanotechnology publication output by a factor of 21 in a decade.
   Of the six most prolific (publications) nanotechnology countries, the three from the Western group (USA, Germany, France) have about eight percent more nanotechnology publications (for 2004) than the three from the Far Eastern group (China, Japan, South Korea).
   While most of the high nanotechnology publication-producing countries are also high nanotechnology patent producers in the US Patent Office (as of 2003), China is a major exception. China ranks 20th as a nanotechnology patent-producing country in the US Patent Office.
C1 Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA.
   Northrop Grumman TASC, Fairfax, VA 22033 USA.
   USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Inst Def Anal, Alexandria, VA 22311 USA.
RP Kostoff, RN (reprint author), Off Naval Res, 875 N Randolph St, Arlington, VA 22217 USA.
EM kostofr@onr.navy.mil
NR 41
TC 81
Z9 84
U1 0
U2 31
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1388-0764
J9 J NANOPART RES
JI J. Nanopart. Res.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 8
IS 3-4
BP 301
EP 321
DI 10.1007/s11051-005-9035-8
PG 21
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials
   Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 074LE
UT WOS:000239812900002
ER

PT J
AU Martin, BD
   Soto, CM
   Blum, AS
   Sapsford, KE
   Whitley, JL
   Johnson, JE
   Chatterji, A
   Ratna, BR
AF Martin, Brett D.
   Soto, Carissa M.
   Blum, Amy Szuchmacher
   Sapsford, K. E.
   Whitley, Jessica L.
   Johnson, John E.
   Chatterji, Anju
   Ratna, Banahalli R.
TI An engineered virus as a bright fluorescent tag and scaffold for cargo
   proteins - Capture and transport by gliding microtubules
SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE kinesin; microtubule; virus; CPMV; cargo; antibody; streptavidin;
   nanolocomotion; nanobiotechnology
ID COWPEA MOSAIC-VIRUS; SLOW VISCOUS MOTION; MOLECULAR SHUTTLES; SPHERE
   PARALLEL; MOTOR PROTEINS; PLANE WALL; KINESIN; ANTIBODY; PARTICLES;
   IMMUNOSENSORS
AB We have demonstrated substantial capture and transport of fluorescently-labeled engineered cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) using Drosophila kinesin-driven microtubules (MTs). The capture occurred through both NeutrAvidin (NA)-biotin and antibody (IgG)-antigen interactions. The MTs were derivatized with rabbit anti-chicken IgG or biotin, and the virus was conjugated with chicken IgG or NA. The CPMV conjugate was introduced into standard MT motility assays via convective flow at concentrations as high as 1.36 nM, and became bound to the MTs in densities as high as one virus per mu m of MT length. When the CPMV conjugate was present at 17 pM, the average speed of the MTs bearing the NA-virus was 0.59+/-0.08 mu m/sec, and that of those bearing IgG-virus was 0.52+/-0.15 mu m/sec. These speeds are comparable to those of the unladen MTs (0.61 +/- 0.09 mu m/sec), the presence of the virus on the MT causing only a small decrease in MT gliding speeds. The fluorescent CPMV appears to be superior to fluorescent polystyrene spheres of the same size, as both a. reporter tag and a scaffold for MT-transported cargo proteins, because of its negligible non-specific adsorption and superior brightness. This work is important for the development of sensors based on nanolocomotion and biological recognition, or new strategies for the nanoassembly of biological structures.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   George Mason Univ, Manassas, VA USA.
   SAIC Inc, Washington, DC USA.
   Scripps Res Inst, La Jolla, CA USA.
RP Martin, BD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6930, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 35
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS
PI STEVENSON RANCH
PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA
SN 1533-4880
J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO
JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 6
IS 8
BP 2451
EP 2460
DI 10.1166/jnn.2006.548
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials
   Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
   Physics
GA 073ZD
UT WOS:000239780500026
PM 17037855
ER

PT J
AU Chung-Park, M
   Hatton, D
   Robinson, L
   Kleffel, D
AF Chung-Park, Min
   Hatton, Diane
   Robinson, Linda
   Kleffel, Dorothy
TI RN-to-MSN students' attitudes toward women experiencing homelessness: A
   focus group study
SO JOURNAL OF NURSING EDUCATION
LA English
DT Article
ID PUBLIC-HEALTH NURSE; PEOPLE
AB When health professionals, including RNs, have negative attitudes toward women experiencing homelessness, they create barriers to services. It is incumbent on nursing faculty to develop curricula that address homelessness and associated stereotypes, as well as to prepare students to provide safe and appropriate care to the homeless population. The aim of this qualitative study was to examine the attitudes of RN-to-MSN students toward mothers living with their children in a transitional shelter. A convenience sample of 10 students enrolled in a community health nursing course at a university in southern California participated in the study. Two focus groups were conducted: one before and one after a 15-week clinical experience. Data analysis revealed that during the clinical experience, students discovered that they, or perhaps an individual like them, could become homeless. Their attitudes and views changed to include a bigger picture of homelessness, described by public health nursing researchers as "moving upstream." This article suggests strategies for integrating clinical experiences with socioeconomically vulnerable individuals into undergraduate nursing curricula.
C1 USN Hosp, Camp Pendelton, CA 92055 USA.
   Univ San Diego, San Diego, CA 92110 USA.
RP Chung-Park, M (reprint author), USN Hosp, Camp Pendelton, CA 92055 USA.
EM mschungpark@cpen.med.navy.mil
NR 23
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 5
PU SLACK INC
PI THOROFARE
PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA
SN 0148-4834
J9 J NURS EDUC
JI J. Nurs. Educ.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 45
IS 8
BP 317
EP 322
PG 6
WC Nursing
SC Nursing
GA 070QH
UT WOS:000239537900010
PM 16915991
ER

PT J
AU Heron, SF
   Metzger, EJ
   Skirving, WJ
AF Heron, SF
   Metzger, EJ
   Skirving, WJ
TI Seasonal variations of the ocean surface circulation in the vicinity of
   Palau
SO JOURNAL OF OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE ocean surface circulation; seasonal variation; western equatorial
   Pacific; Palau
ID EQUATORIAL PACIFIC-OCEAN; MINDANAO CURRENT; TROPICAL PACIFIC; WESTERN
   BOUNDARY; CURRENTS; SEA; FLUCTUATIONS; VARIABILITY; MODEL
AB The surface circulation in the western equatorial Pacific Ocean is investigated with the aim of describing intra-annual variations near Palau (134 degrees 30' E, 7 degrees 30' N). In situ data and model output from the Ocean Surface Currents Analysis-Real-time, TRIangle Trans-Ocean buoy Network, Naval Research Laboratory Layered Ocean Model and the Joint Archive for Shipboard ADCP are examined and compared. Known major currents and eddies of the western equatorial Pacific are observed and discussed, and previously undocumented features are identified and named (Palau Eddy, Caroline Eddy, Micronesian Eddy). The circulation at Palau follows a seasonal variation aligned with that of the Asian monsoon (December-April; July-October) and is driven by the major circulation features. From December to April, currents around Palau are generally directed northward with speeds of approximately 20 cm/s, influenced by the North Equatorial Counter-Current and the Mindanao Eddy. The current direction turns slightly clockwise through this boreal winter period, due to the northern migration of the Mindanao Eddy. During April-May, the current west of Palau is reduced to 15 cm/s as the Mindanao Eddy weakens. East of Palau, a cyclonic eddy (Palau Eddy) forms producing southward flow of around 25 cm/s. The flow during the period July to September is disordered with no influence from major circulation features. The current is generally northward west of Palau and southward to the east, each with speeds on the order of 5 cm/s. During October, as the Palau Eddy reforms, the southward current to the east of Palau increases to 15 cm/s. During November, the circulation transitions to the north-directed winter regime.
C1 NOAA, NESDIS, ORA, Coral Reef Watch, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Heron, SF (reprint author), NOAA, NESDIS, ORA, Coral Reef Watch, E-RA 31,SSMCI,1335 E W Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM Scott.Heron@noaa.gov
RI Heron, Scott/E-7928-2011; Skirving, William/E-7927-2011
OI Skirving, William/0000-0003-0167-6427
NR 22
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 7
PU TERRA SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO
PI TOKYO
PA 2003 SANSEI JIYUGAOKA HAIMU, 5-27-19 OKUSAWA, SETAGAYA-KU, TOKYO,
   158-0083, JAPAN
SN 0916-8370
J9 J OCEANOGR
JI J. Oceanogr.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 62
IS 4
BP 413
EP 426
DI 10.1007/s10872-006-0065-3
PG 14
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 059BQ
UT WOS:000238708700002
ER

PT J
AU Laskoski, M
   Dominguez, DD
   Keller, TM
AF Laskoski, Matthew
   Dominguez, Dawn D.
   Keller, Teddy M.
TI Oligomeric cyanate ester resins: Application of a modified Ullmann
   synthesis in the preparation of thermosetting polymers
SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART A-POLYMER CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE aryl ether; cyanate ester; high temperature; polymer; resorcinol
ID DIARYL ETHERS; PHENOLS
AB New multiple aromatic ether containing oligomeric cyanate ester resins have been synthesized using a modified Ullmann reaction. The oligomeric monomers were prepared by reacting resorcinol and 1,3- or 1,4-dibromobenzene in the presence of potassium carbonate and a catalytic amount of a copper(I) complex in a N,N-dimethylformamide/toluene mixture. The hydroxyl terminated intermediates were endcapped with the cyanate moiety by reaction with cyanogen bromide in the presence of triethylamine in dry acetone. The oligomeric cyanate ester monomers are liquid at room temperature, which enhance their processability to polymeric networks. The thermo-oxidative properties were determined for the new cyanate ester polymers as well as their storage modulus. The length of the aromatic ether spacer between the terminal cyanate ester groups was varied to investigate the effect of changing the spacer length on the properties of the material. (c) 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Mat Chem Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Laskoski, M (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Mat Chem Branch, Code 6127, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM matthew.laskoski@nrl.navy.mil
NR 35
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0887-624X
EI 1099-0518
J9 J POLYM SCI POL CHEM
JI J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Chem.
PD AUG 1
PY 2006
VL 44
IS 15
BP 4559
EP 4565
DI 10.1002/pola.21558
PG 7
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 065TT
UT WOS:000239183400017
ER

PT J
AU Baer, RN
   Collins, MD
AF Baer, Ralph N.
   Collins, Michael D.
TI Source localization in the presence of gross sediment. uncertainties
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID WATER PACIFIC ENVIRONMENT; SHALLOW-WATER; OCEAN
AB The possibility of determining the location of an acoustic source in the presence of gross sediment uncertainties is investigated. Promising results are obtained using focalization, which involves constructing ambiguity surfaces corresponding to randomly selected realizations of the sediment parameters. Due to a parameter hierarchy in which the source location is more important than environmental parameters, it is often possible to reliably determine the source position without determining the correct sediment parameters. The examples involve multiple sediment layers, with sound speeds and range-dependent thicknesses that are unknown. An example that includes both sediment uncertainties and internal waves is also included.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Baer, RN (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 11
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 0
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 120
IS 2
BP 870
EP 874
DI 10.1121/1.2213523
PG 5
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 074TT
UT WOS:000239835400034
ER

PT J
AU Antevil, JL
   Sise, MJ
   Sack, DI
   Kidder, B
   Hopper, A
   Brown, CVR
AF Antevil, Jared L.
   Sise, Michael J.
   Sack, Daniel I.
   Kidder, Brendan
   Hopper, Andrew
   Brown, Carlos V. R.
TI Spiral computed tomography for the initial evaluation of spine trauma: A
   new standard of care?
SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE
LA English
DT Article
DE computed tomography; spine fracture; cervical spine; thoracic spine;
   lumbar spine
ID MULTIDETECTOR-ROW CT; CERVICAL-SPINE; BLUNT TRAUMA; HELICAL CT;
   THORACOLUMBAR SPINE; TIME; FRACTURES; EXTENSION; FLEXION; CLEARANCE
AB Background: Although spiral computed tomographic scanning (SCT) is frequently used for spinal imaging in injured patients, many trauma centers continue to rely on plain film radiography (PFR). The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a trauma center's transition from PFR to SCT for initial spine evaluation in trauma patients by comparing diagnostic sensitivity, time required for radiographic imaging, costs, charges, and radiation exposure.
   Methods: Registry-based review of all trauma patients evaluated for spinal trauma during two three-month intervals, one before (1999, "X-ray Group"), and one after (2002, "CT Group") adopting SCT as the initial spinal imaging method. Demographic data, mechanism of injury, Injury Severity Score (ISS), the presence and location of spine fractures, and the results of all spine imaging were recorded. The dates and diagnostic sensitivity for spine fractures, time for initial imaging, costs, and charges were compared between groups. Radiation exposure associated with both SCT and PFR of the spine was measured.
   Results: There were 254 patients in the X-ray Group and 319 in the CT Group, with similar demographic data, ISS, mechanism of injury, and incidence of spine fractures. Sensitivity in the detection of spine fractures was 70% (14 out of 20) in the X-ray Group compared with 100% (34 out of 34) for the CT Group (p < 0.001). Mean time in the radiology department during initial evaluation decreased significantly in the CT Group compared with the X-ray Group (1.0 hours vs. 1.9 hours; p < 0.001). SCT of the spine was associated with higher mean overall spinal imaging charges than PFR ($4,386 vs. $513, p < 0.001), but a similar mean overall spinal imaging cost per patient ($172 vs. $164). Radiation exposure was higher with SCT versus PFR for cervical spine imaging (26 mSv vs. 4 mSv) but SCT involved lower levels of exposure than PFR for thoracolumbar imaging (13 mSv vs. 26 mSv).
   Conclusions: SCT is a more rapid and sensitive modality for evaluating the spine compared with PFR and is obtained at a similar cost. The advantages of SCT suggest that this readily available diagnostic modality may replace PFR as the standard of care for the initial evaluation of the spine in trauma patients.
C1 Scripps Mercy Hosp, Div Trauma, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
   USN, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
   Univ So Calif, Dept Surg, Div Trauma & Crit Care, Los Angeles, CA USA.
   Los Angeles Cty Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA.
RP Sise, MJ (reprint author), Scripps Mercy Hosp, Div Trauma, MER 62,4077 5th Ave, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
EM sise.mike@scrippshealth.org
NR 36
TC 56
Z9 62
U1 1
U2 4
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0022-5282
J9 J TRAUMA
JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 61
IS 2
BP 382
EP 387
DI 10.1097/01.ta.0000226154.38852.e6
PG 6
WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery
SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery
GA 075UW
UT WOS:000239911800027
PM 16917454
ER

PT J
AU Patterson-Elenbaum, S
   Stanley, JT
   Dillner, DK
   Lin, S
   Traficante, D
AF Patterson-Elenbaum, Stephanie
   Stanley, John T.
   Dillner, Debra K.
   Lin, Shirley
   Traficante, Daniel
TI C-13 NMR chemical shifts of carbonyl groups in substituted benzaldehydes
   and acetophenones: substituent chemical shift increments
SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE NMR; C-13 NMR; benzaldehydes; acetophenones; substituent chemical shift
   increments; chemical shift prediction; reverse pi-polarization; hydrogen
   bonding
ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SIDE-CHAIN CARBONS; METHYL BENZOATES;
   PI-POLARIZATION; 4-SUBSTITUTED BENZAMIDES; AROMATIC SYSTEMS;
   SPECTROSCOPY; BENZENES; SPECTRA; RING
AB C-13 NMR Substituent chemical shift (SCS) increments have been determined for the carbonyl carbon of a variety of substituted benzaldehydes and acetophenones. The C-13 NMR chemical shift of the carbonyl carbon can be predicted for many di- and trisubstituted benzaldehydes and acetophenones through simple additivity of the SCS increments. The magnitude and sign of the SCS increments have been explored using Hartree-Fock 6-31G* calculations to determine the natural atomic charges of the carbonyl carbon. When a substituent capable of intermolecular hydrogen bonding is present, deviations from additivity on the order of 2 ppm are observed in dilution experiments; deviations of up to 6 ppm can result from intramolecular hydrogen bonding. Copyright (C) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
   Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Chem, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
   USN, Acad Preparatory Sch, Dept Chem, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
RP Lin, S (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM lin@usna.edu
NR 35
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0749-1581
J9 MAGN RESON CHEM
JI Magn. Reson. Chem.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 44
IS 8
BP 797
EP 806
DI 10.1002/mrc.1851
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 067QW
UT WOS:000239318700009
PM 16755611
ER

PT J
AU Busemann, H
   Alexander, CMO
   Nittler, LR
   Zega, TJ
   Stroud, RM
   Bajt, S
   Cody, GD
   Yabuta, H
AF Busemann, H.
   Alexander, C. M. O'D.
   Nittler, L. R.
   Zega, T. J.
   Stroud, R. M.
   Bajt, S.
   Cody, G. D.
   Yabuta, H.
TI Correlated analyses of D- and N-15-rich carbon grains from a CR2
   chondrite EET 92042
SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society
CY AUG 06-11, 2006
CL Zurich, SWITZERLAND
SP Meteorit Soc, ETH Zurich, Swiss Natl Sci Fdn, Swiss Acad Nat Sci, Lunar & Planetary Inst, Barringer Crater Co, Meteorite Magazine, Planetary Studies Fdn, Jungfrau Railway Top Europe
C1 Carnegie Inst Washington, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
   Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
EM busemann@dtm.ciw.edu
RI Bajt, Sasa/G-2228-2010
NR 5
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU METEORITICAL SOC
PI FAYETTEVILLE
PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA
SN 1086-9379
J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI
JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 41
IS 8
SU S
BP A34
EP A34
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 065PR
UT WOS:000239172300048
ER

PT J
AU Stroud, RM
   Nittler, LR
   Alexander, CMO
AF Stroud, R. M.
   Nittler, L. R.
   Alexander, C. M. O'D.
TI Supernova nierite (alpha-Si3N4) from Murchison
SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society
CY AUG 06-11, 2006
CL Zurich, SWITZERLAND
SP Meteorit Soc, ETH Zurich, Swiss Natl Sci Fdn, Swiss Acad Nat Sci, Lunar & Planetary Inst, Barringer Crater Co, Meteorite Magazine, Planetary Studies Fdn, Jungfrau Railway Top Europe
ID ENSTATITE CHONDRITES; SILICON-CARBIDE; NITRIDE; GRAINS; METEORITE;
   ORIGIN
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Carnegie Inst Washington, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
EM stroud@nrl.navy.mil
RI Stroud, Rhonda/C-5503-2008
OI Stroud, Rhonda/0000-0001-5242-8015
NR 8
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU METEORITICAL SOC
PI FAYETTEVILLE
PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA
SN 1086-9379
J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI
JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 41
IS 8
SU S
BP A168
EP A168
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 065PR
UT WOS:000239172300317
ER

PT J
AU Vollmer, C
   Hoppe, P
   Brenker, FF
   Stroud, RM
   Holzapfel, C
AF Vollmer, C.
   Hoppe, P.
   Brenker, F. F.
   Stroud, R. M.
   Holzapfel, C.
TI Characterization of presolar silicate grains by combined NanoSIMS/TEM
   studies
SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society
CY AUG 06-11, 2006
CL Zurich, SWITZERLAND
SP Meteorit Soc, ETH Zurich, Swiss Natl Sci Fdn, Swiss Acad Nat Sci, Lunar & Planetary Inst, Barringer Crater Co, Meteorite Magazine, Planetary Studies Fdn, Jungfrau Railway Top Europe
ID CONDENSATION SEQUENCE; INTERPLANETARY DUST; STARS
C1 Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55020 Mainz, Germany.
   JWG Univ, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Univ Saarland, D-66041 Saarbrucken, Germany.
EM cvollmer@mpch-mainz.mpg.de
RI Stroud, Rhonda/C-5503-2008; Vollmer, Christian/A-7035-2013; Hoppe,
   Peter/B-3032-2015
OI Stroud, Rhonda/0000-0001-5242-8015; Hoppe, Peter/0000-0003-3681-050X
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU METEORITICAL SOC
PI FAYETTEVILLE
PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA
SN 1086-9379
J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI
JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 41
IS 8
SU S
BP A184
EP A184
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 065PR
UT WOS:000239172300348
ER

PT J
AU Zega, TJ
   Stroud, RM
   Nittler, LR
   Alexander, CMO
AF Zega, T. J.
   Stroud, R. M.
   Nittler, L. R.
   Alexander, C. M. O'D.
TI Coordinated structure-isotope studies of presolar hibonites
SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society
CY AUG 06-11, 2006
CL Zurich, SWITZERLAND
SP Meteorit Soc, ETH Zurich, Swiss Natl Sci Fdn, Swiss Acad Nat Sci, Lunar & Planetary Inst, Barringer Crater Co, Meteorite Magazine, Planetary Studies Fdn, Jungfrau Railway Top Europe
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Carnegie Inst Washington, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
EM zega@nrl.navy.mil
RI Stroud, Rhonda/C-5503-2008
OI Stroud, Rhonda/0000-0001-5242-8015
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU METEORITICAL SOC
PI FAYETTEVILLE
PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA
SN 1086-9379
J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI
JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 41
IS 8
SU S
BP A196
EP A196
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 065PR
UT WOS:000239172300373
ER

PT J
AU Zolensky, M
   Bland, P
   Bradley, J
   Brearley, A
   Brennan, S
   Bridges, J
   Brownlee, D
   Buttervorth, A
   Dai, ZR
   Ebel, D
   Genge, M
   Gounelle, M
   Graham, G
   Grossman, J
   Grossman, L
   Harvey, R
   Ishii, H
   Kearsley, A
   Keller, L
   Krot, A
   Langenhorst, F
   Lanzirotti, A
   Leroux, H
   Matrajt, G
   Messenger, K
   Mikouchi, T
   Nakamura, T
   Ohsumi, K
   Okudaira, K
   Perronnet, M
   Rietmeijer, F
   Simon, S
   Stephan, T
   Stroud, R
   Taheri, M
   Tomeoka, K
   Toppani, A
   Tsou, P
   Tsuchiyama, A
   Velbel, M
   Weber, I
   Weisberg, M
   Westphal, A
   Yano, H
   Zega, T
AF Zolensky, Michael
   Bland, Phil
   Bradley, John
   Brearley, Adrian
   Brennan, Sean
   Bridges, John
   Brownlee, Donald
   Buttervorth, Arma
   Dai, Zurong
   Ebel, Denton
   Genge, Matt
   Gounelle, Matthieu
   Graham, Giles
   Grossman, Jeff
   Grossman, Lawrence
   Harvey, Ralph
   Ishii, Hope
   Kearsley, Anton
   Keller, Lindsay
   Krot, Alexander
   Langenhorst, Falko
   Lanzirotti, Antonio
   Leroux, Hugues
   Matrajt, Graciela
   Messenger, Keiko
   Mikouchi, Takashi
   Nakamura, Tomoki
   Ohsumi, Kazumasa
   Okudaira, Kyoko
   Perronnet, Murielle
   Rietmeijer, Frans
   Simon, Steven
   Stephan, Thomas
   Stroud, Rhonda
   Taheri, Mitra
   Tomeoka, Kazu
   Toppani, Alice
   Tsou, Peter
   Tsuchiyama, Akira
   Velbel, Michael
   Weber, Iris
   Weisberg, Mike
   Westphal, Andrew
   Yano, Hajime
   Zega, Thomas
CA Stardust Mineralogy Petrology
TI Mineralogy and petrology of Comet Wild-2 nucleus samples - Final results
   of the preliminary examination team
SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society
CY AUG 06-11, 2006
CL Zurich, SWITZERLAND
SP Meteorit Soc, ETH Zurich, Swiss Natl Sci Fdn, Swiss Acad Nat Sci, Lunar & Planetary Inst, Barringer Crater Co, Meteorite Magazine, Planetary Studies Fdn, Jungfrau Railway Top Europe
C1 NASA, JSC, Greenbelt, MD USA.
   Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England.
   Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
   Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
   Open Univ, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England.
   Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
   Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
   Amer Museum Nat Hist, New York, NY 10024 USA.
   Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
   Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
   Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
   Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
   Univ Sci & Technol Lille, Lille, France.
   Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
   Kyushu Univ, Fukuoka 812, Japan.
   Univ Munster, D-4400 Munster, Germany.
   Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA.
   Kobe Univ, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
   Osaka Univ, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan.
   US Geol Survey, Washington, DC 20242 USA.
   Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM michael.e.zolensky@nasa.gov
RI Dai, Zurong/E-6732-2010; Taheri, Mitra/F-1321-2011; Stroud,
   Rhonda/C-5503-2008
OI Stroud, Rhonda/0000-0001-5242-8015
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 6
PU METEORITICAL SOC
PI FAYETTEVILLE
PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA
SN 1086-9379
J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI
JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 41
IS 8
SU S
BP A167
EP A167
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 065PR
UT WOS:000239172300314
ER

PT J
AU Galarneau, MR
   Hancock, WC
   Konoske, P
   Melcer, T
   Vickers, RR
   Walker, GJ
   Zouris, JM
AF Galarneau, Michael R.
   Hancock, William C.
   Konoske, Paula
   Melcer, Ted
   Vickers, Ross R.
   Walker, G. Jay
   Zouris, James M.
TI The Navy-Marine Corps Combat Trauma Registry
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
AB The U.S. military services, drawing on the experiences of civilian trauma systems in monitoring trauma care delivery, have begun to implement their own registries, emphasizing injury incidence and severity in a combat environment. This article introduces and describes the development of the U.S. Navy-Marine Corps Combat Trauma Registry and presents several preliminary inquiries of its database regarding combat injury patterns and casualty management during Operation Iraqi Freedom. The Navy-Marine Corps Combat Trauma Registry is composed of data sets describing events that occur from the point of injury through the medical chain of evacuation and on to long-term rehabilitative outcomes. Data were collected from Navy-Marine Corps level IB, 2, and 3 medical treatment facilities. Data from the official combat period were analyzed to present a variety of preliminary findings that indicate, among other things, how many and for what type of injury casualties were evacuated, specific mechanisms of injury, and types of injuries treated at the medical treatment facilities.
C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
   MTS Technol, San Diego, CA 92127 USA.
RP Galarneau, MR (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
NR 2
TC 57
Z9 57
U1 2
U2 2
PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 171
IS 8
BP 691
EP 697
PG 7
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 072CS
UT WOS:000239650800002
PM 16933807
ER

PT J
AU Dell, DM
   Bohnker, BK
   Muller, JG
   Philippi, AF
   Litow, FK
   Rudolph, WG
   Hernandez, JE
   Hiland, DA
AF Dell, Danielle M.
   Bohnker, Bruce K.
   Muller, John G.
   Philippi, Alan F.
   Litow, Francesca K.
   Rudolph, W. Garry
   Hernandez, Jose E.
   Hiland, David A.
TI Navy Asbestos Medical Surveillance Program 1990-1999: Demographic
   features and trends in abnormal radiographic findings
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID LINEAR-REGRESSION ANALYSIS; SHIPYARD WORKERS; EXPOSURE; SMOKING;
   OPACITIES
AB A 10-year cross-sectional analysis was conducted for 233,353 radiographic examinations performed as part of the Navy Asbestos Medical Surveillance Program. Demographic and temporal trends in abnormal radiographs were assessed during this analysis. Abnormal radiograph prevalence increased significantly with age, and abnormal radiographs were nearly 30 times more likely to occur among participants 60 to 69 years of age, compared with participants <20 years of age (odds ratio, 27.57; 95% confidence interval, 14.75-51.53). Men were 5 times more likely than women to have an abnormal radiograph (odds ratio, 5.84; 95% confidence interval, 5.02-6.80); after controlling for differences in age, this gender association remained significant only for participants >30 years of age. The proportion of abnormal radiographs decreased significantly over the study period [chi(2) (df = 1) test for trend, chi(2) = 198.7, p < 0.0001], although the cohort mean age increased. Despite aging of the Asbestos Medical Surveillance Program population, the overall prevalence of radiographic abnormalities is declining; future studies should examine the reasons for this observation.
C1 USN, Ctr Environm Hlth, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
RP Dell, DM (reprint author), USN, Ctr Environm Hlth, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA.
NR 14
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 171
IS 8
BP 717
EP 722
PG 6
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 072CS
UT WOS:000239650800006
PM 16933811
ER

PT J
AU Han, TS
   Mahon, RT
AF Han, Tony S.
   Mahon, Richard T.
TI Wegener's granulomatosis presenting with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and
   negative antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody test
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID LUNG HEMORRHAGE; ANCA; EXPERIENCE
AB One of the causes of diffuse pulmonary infiltrates can be blood from diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. Other causes include malignancy, edema fluid, infections, and protein (blood, pus, water, cells, or protein). Autoimmune vasculitis, such as Wegener's granulomatosis, should be considered in the setting of diffuse pulmonary infiltrates, anemia, systemic symptoms, and recurrence despite antibiotic therapy. Antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody testing can be useful but is not always diagnostic. Early tissue biopsy should be considered to guide therapy. We present a case of Wegener's granulomatosis that presented with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. Diagnosis was made through renal biopsy; however, antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody testing was negative. A brief overview of pulmonary-renal vasculitides is also presented.
C1 USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
RP Han, TS (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 171
IS 8
BP 781
EP 783
PG 3
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 072CS
UT WOS:000239650800018
PM 16933823
ER

PT J
AU Patel, S
   Maves, R
   Barrozo, CP
   Mullens, F
   Russell, K
   Truett, A
   Deroo, T
AF Patel, Sugat
   Maves, Ryan
   Barrozo, Christopher P.
   Mullens, Frank
   Russell, Kevin
   Truett, April
   Deroo, Teresa
TI Mycotic pseudoaneurysm and purulent pericarditis attributable to
   methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID INFECTED AORTIC-ANEURYSMS; THORACIC AORTA; EXPERIENCE; CLONES
AB Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is now a common isolate of community-acquired staphylococcal infections. We present the first case of concomitant mycotic pseudoaneurysm and purulent pericarditis caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus. The isolate was found to be SCCmec type I, sequence type 8, and to carry the PVL gene. The patient was successfully treated with a combined surgical and medical approach.
C1 USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
   USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def,Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, Resp Dis Lab, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
RP Patel, S (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
NR 26
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 171
IS 8
BP 784
EP 787
PG 4
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 072CS
UT WOS:000239650800019
PM 16933824
ER

PT J
AU Jiang, QF
   Doyle, JD
AF Jiang, Qingfang
   Doyle, James D.
TI Topographically generated cloud plumes
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID CIRRUS CLOUDS; MOUNTAIN WAVES; LIQUID WATER; MODEL; TEMPERATURE;
   NUCLEATION; ATMOSPHERE; PARTICLES; MESOSCALE; EVOLUTION
AB Two topographically generated cirrus plume events have been examined through satellite observations and real-data simulations. On 30 October 2002, an approximately 70-km-wide cirrus plume, revealed by a high-resolution Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ( MODIS) image and a series of Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite ( GOES) images, originated from the Sierra Nevada ridge and extended northeastward for more than 400 km. On 5 December 2000, an approximately 400-km-wide cloud plume originated from the Southern Rocky Mountain massif and extended eastward for more than 500 km, the development of which was captured by a series of GOES images. The real-data simulations of the two cirrus plume events successfully capture the presence of these plumes and show reasonable agreement with the MODIS and GOES images in terms of the timing, location, orientation, length, and altitude of these cloud plumes. The synoptic and mesoscale aspects of the plume events, and the dynamics and microphysics relevant to the plume formation, have been discussed. Two common ingredients relevant to the cirrus plume formation have been identified, namely, a relatively deep moist layer aloft with high relative humidity and low temperature (<=-40 degrees C near the cloud top), and strong updrafts over high terrain and slow descent downstream in the upper troposphere associated with terrain-induced inertia - gravity waves. The rapid increase of the relative humidity associated with strong updrafts creates a high number concentration of small ice crystals through homogeneous nucleation. The overpopulated ice crystals decrease the relative humidity, which, in return, inhibits small crystals from growing into large crystals. The small crystals with slow terminal velocities ( < 0.2 m s(-1)) can be advected hundreds of kilometers before falling out of the moist layer.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
   Univ Corp Atmospher Res, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Jiang, QF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM jiang@nrlmry.navy.mil
NR 34
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 134
IS 8
BP 2108
EP 2127
DI 10.1175/MWR3177.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 070WM
UT WOS:000239556600005
ER

PT J
AU Goodwin, R
   Hannum, J
   Clark, R
AF Goodwin, Robert
   Hannum, Jennifer
   Clark, Richard
TI Overdose of ursodiol in preterm infant is well tolerated
SO PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY CARE
LA English
DT Letter
ID URSODEOXYCHOLIC ACID; BILE-SALTS; THERAPY
C1 USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
   Univ Calif San Diego, Calif Poison Control Syst, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
RP Goodwin, R (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
EM RHGoodwin@nmcsd.med.navy.mil
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0749-5161
J9 PEDIATR EMERG CARE
JI Pediatr. Emerg. Care
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 22
IS 8
BP 619
EP 619
DI 10.1097/01.pec.0000230709.04517.f4
PG 1
WC Emergency Medicine; Pediatrics
SC Emergency Medicine; Pediatrics
GA 076BJ
UT WOS:000239931700017
PM 16912636
ER

PT J
AU Jones, GM
   Hu, BH
   Yang, CH
   Yang, MJ
   Lyanda-Geller, YB
AF Jones, G. M.
   Hu, B. H.
   Yang, C. H.
   Yang, M. J.
   Lyanda-Geller, Y. B.
TI Enhancement-mode quantum transistors for single electron spin
SO PHYSICA E-LOW-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS & NANOSTRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th International Conference on the Electronic Properties of
   Two-Dimensional Systems (EP2DS-16)
CY JUL 10-15, 2005
CL Albuquerque, NM
SP Sandia Natl Labs
DE single electron transistor; quantum computation; resonant tunnelling
ID DOT; SPECTROSCOPY
AB Using an InAs/GaSb composite quantum well, we demonstrate an enhancement mode single electron transistor. With a Hall bar geometry, we show that the device undergoes a transition from accumulation of two-dimensional (2D) holes in GaSb to a complete depletion and finally to an inversion layer of 2D electrons in InAs. When the top-gate area is reduced to nanometer scale, the inversion electrons are confined to a quantum dot, and the transistor displays single electron characteristics: a series of conductance peaks resulting from electrons tunnelling through the quantum dot. The occurrence of the first peak is the signature of one electron occupying InAs quantum dot. The unique configuration of enhancement quantum dots makes it possible to upscale to 2D arrays for manipulation and transporting of single spins. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Yang, CH (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM yang@ece.umd.edu
NR 9
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1386-9477
J9 PHYSICA E
JI Physica E
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 34
IS 1-2
BP 612
EP 615
DI 10.1016/j.physe.2006.03.041
PG 4
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA 075RP
UT WOS:000239903200155
ER

PT J
AU Kramida, AE
   Brown, CM
   Feldman, U
   Reader, J
AF Kramida, A. E.
   Brown, C. M.
   Feldman, U.
   Reader, J.
TI Extended EUV and UV spectrum of NeII
SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA
LA English
DT Article
ID ENERGY-LEVELS; PLATINUM; NEON
AB Spectra of Ne emitted by a Penning discharge were recorded in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) on a 10.7m grazing-incidence spectrograph with phosphor image plates. The spectra provided 75 new lines of Ne II between 286 and 325 angstrom, from which 35 new energy levels of Ne II could be established. With these new levels, 86 unidentified lines from the NIST Pt-Ne atlas (Sansonetti J E et al 1992 J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. 97 1) could be classified. The identifications of two existing levels of Ne II were revised.
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20889 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Artep Inc, Ellicott, MD 21042 USA.
RP Kramida, AE (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20889 USA.
EM alexander.kramida@nist.gov
OI Kramida, Alexander/0000-0002-0788-8087
NR 30
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 2
PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES
PI STOCKHOLM
PA BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN
SN 0031-8949
J9 PHYS SCRIPTA
JI Phys. Scr.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 74
IS 2
BP 156
EP 167
DI 10.1088/0031-8949/74/2/003
PG 12
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 085RE
UT WOS:000240620700003
ER

PT J
AU Reitzenstein, S
   Hofmann, C
   Loffler, A
   Kubanek, A
   Reithmaier, JP
   Kamp, M
   Kulakovskii, VD
   Keldysh, LV
   Reinecke, TL
   Forchel, A
AF Reitzenstein, S.
   Hofmann, C.
   Loeffler, A.
   Kubanek, A.
   Reithmaier, J-P.
   Kamp, M.
   Kulakovskii, V. D.
   Keldysh, L. V.
   Reinecke, T. L.
   Forchel, A.
TI Strong and weak coupling of single quantum dot excitons in pillar
   microcavities
SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 8th International Workshop on Nonlinear Optics and Excitation Kinetics
   In Semiconductors (NOEKS 8)
CY FEB 20-24, 2006
CL Munster, GERMANY
ID BOXES
AB We report on strong as well as weak coupling of self assembled In0.30Ga0.70As quantum dots (QDs) in high-Q semiconductor micropillar cavities grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Using electron beam lithography and deep plasma etching, micropillars with high Q-factors (about 10000 for 1.6 mu m diameter) were realized. The low QD density in the present structures allows us to investigate the interaction of single QD excitons and the vacuum field of the microcavity by temperature tuning of exciton lines into resonance with the cavity mode. We will present an example where QD excitons with different emission energies show strong or weak coupling with the optical mode of the same micropillar at different resonance temperatures. Here, the individual coupling behaviour is described in terms of a different spatial position of the QDs relative to the field maximum of the cavity mode. (c) 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
C1 Univ Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany.
   RAS, Inst Solid State Phys, Chernogolovka, Russia.
   RAS, PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117901, Russia.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Reitzenstein, S (reprint author), Univ Wurzburg, Hubland, Wurzburg, Germany.
EM stephan.reitzenstein@physik.uni-wuerzburg.de
RI Reithmaier, Johann/G-8171-2012; Reitzenstein, Stephan/A-9184-2014; Kamp,
   Martin/G-9704-2011; 
OI Reithmaier, Johann/0000-0002-1974-8292; Kamp,
   Martin/0000-0002-7219-2297; Forchel, Alfred/0000-0002-9377-9935
NR 11
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0370-1972
J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B
JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 243
IS 10
BP 2224
EP 2228
DI 10.1002/pssb.200668012
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 076BP
UT WOS:000239932300003
ER

PT J
AU Hwang, CO
   Given, JA
AF Hwang, Chi-Ok
   Given, James A.
TI Last-passage Monte Carlo algorithm for mutual capacitance
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID BROWNIAN DYNAMICS; MEDIA
AB We develop and test the last-passage diffusion algorithm, a charge-based Monte Carlo algorithm, for the mutual capacitance of a system of conductors. The first-passage algorithm is highly efficient because it is charge based and incorporates importance sampling; it averages over the properties of Brownian paths that initiate outside the conductor and terminate on its surface. However, this algorithm does not seem to generalize to mutual capacitance problems. The last-passage algorithm, in a sense, is the time reversal of the first-passage algorithm; it involves averages over particles that initiate on an absorbing surface, leave that surface, and diffuse away to infinity. To validate this algorithm, we calculate the mutual capacitance matrix of the circular-disk parallel-plate capacitor and compare with the known numerical results. Good agreement is obtained.
C1 Soongsil Univ, Comp Aided Mol Design Res Ctr, Seoul 156743, South Korea.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Hwang, CO (reprint author), Soongsil Univ, Comp Aided Mol Design Res Ctr, Seoul 156743, South Korea.
RI Hwang, Chi-Ok/E-8298-2010; 
OI Hwang, Chi-Ok/0000-0001-6731-1418
NR 20
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1539-3755
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 74
IS 2
AR 027701
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.74.027701
PN 2
PG 3
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 080HJ
UT WOS:000240238200079
PM 17025572
ER

PT J
AU Palacios, A
   Aven, J
   Longhini, P
   In, V
   Bulsara, AR
AF Palacios, Antonio
   Aven, John
   Longhini, Patrick
   In, Visarath
   Bulsara, Adi R.
TI Cooperative dynamics in coupled noisy dynamical systems near a critical
   point: The dc superconducting quantum interference device as a case
   study
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID SQUID MAGNETOMETERS; THERMAL-ACTIVATION; MAGNETIC-FIELD; BEHAVIOR;
   OSCILLATORS; FILTERS; ARRAYS; STATES; MODEL
AB Dynamical systems that operate near the onset of coupling-induced oscillations can exhibit enhanced sensitivity to external perturbations under suitable operating parameters. This cooperative behavior and the attendant enhancement in the system response (quantified here via a signal-to-noise ratio at the fundamental of the coupling-induced oscillation frequency) are investigated in this work. As a prototype, we study an array of dc superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) rings locally coupled, unidirectionally as well as bidirectionally, in a ring configuration; it is well known that each individual SQUID can be biased through a saddle-node bifurcation to oscillatory behavior. We show that biasing the array near the bifurcation point of coupling-induced oscillations can lead to a significant performance enhancement.
C1 San Diego State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Nonlinear Dynam Syst Grp, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
   USN, Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Palacios, A (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Nonlinear Dynam Syst Grp, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
EM palacios@euler.sdsu.edu; chaotic_aven@yahoo.com;
   longhini@spawar.navy.mil; visarath@spawar.navy.mil;
   bulsara@spawar.navy.mil
NR 58
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1539-3755
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 74
IS 2
AR 021122
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.74.021122
PN 1
PG 14
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 080HI
UT WOS:000240238100029
PM 17025408
ER

PT J
AU Aglitskiy, Y
   Metzler, N
   Karasik, M
   Serlin, V
   Velikovich, AL
   Obenschain, SP
   Mostovych, AN
   Schmitt, AJ
   Weaver, J
   Gardner, JH
   Walsh, T
AF Aglitskiy, Y.
   Metzler, N.
   Karasik, M.
   Serlin, V.
   Velikovich, A. L.
   Obenschain, S. P.
   Mostovych, A. N.
   Schmitt, A. J.
   Weaver, J.
   Gardner, J. H.
   Walsh, T.
TI Perturbation evolution started by Richtmyer-Meshkov instability in
   planar laser targets
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR; FUSION; FEEDOUT; DRIVEN;
   PERFORMANCE; PROSPECTS; DESIGN; GROWTH; WAVE
AB The first observations of the interaction of the Richtmyer-Meshkov (RM) instability with reflected shock and rarefaction waves in laser-driven targets are reported. The RM growth is started by a shock wave incident upon a rippled interface between low-density foam and solid plastic. The subsequent interaction of secondary rarefaction and/or shock waves arriving from the ablation front and the rear surface of the target with the RM-unstable interface stops the perturbation growth and reverses its direction. The ensuing exponential Rayleigh-Taylor growth thus can sometimes proceed with an inverted phase. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22150 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Berkeley Res Associates Inc, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   Schafer Corp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Aglitskiy, Y (reprint author), Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22150 USA.
RI Velikovich, Alexander/B-1113-2009
NR 24
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 13
IS 8
AR 080703
DI 10.1063/1.2227272
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 080HE
UT WOS:000240237700003
ER

PT J
AU Hall, GN
   Pikuz, SA
   Shelkovenko, TA
   Bland, SN
   Lebedev, SV
   Ampleford, DJ
   Palmer, JBA
   Bott, SC
   Apruzese, JP
AF Hall, G. N.
   Pikuz, S. A.
   Shelkovenko, T. A.
   Bland, S. N.
   Lebedev, S. V.
   Ampleford, D. J.
   Palmer, J. B. A.
   Bott, S. C.
   Apruzese, J. P.
TI Structure of stagnated plasma in aluminum wire array Z pinches
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID IMPLOSION PHASE; SPATIAL-RESOLUTION; DRIVEN HOHLRAUM; LINE RATIOS;
   X-PINCH; DYNAMICS; SPECTROSCOPY; EMISSION; CRYSTALS; SPECTRA
AB Experiments with aluminum wire array Z pinches have been carried out on the mega-ampere generator for plasma implosion experiments (MAGPIE) at Imperial College London [I. H. Mitchell , Rev. Sci. Instrum. 67, 1533 (1996)]. It has been shown that in these arrays, there are two intense sources of radiation during stagnation; Al XII line emission from a precursor-sized object, and both continuum and Al XIII radiation from bright spots of either significantly higher temperature or density randomly distributed around this object so as to produce a hollow emission profile. Spatially resolved spectra produced by spherically bent crystals were recorded, both time-integrated and time-resolved, and were used to show that these two sources of radiation peak at the same time. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England.
   Cornell Univ, Plasma Studies Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Hall, GN (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England.
RI Hall, Gareth/C-4179-2015; Pikuz, Sergey/M-8231-2015; Shelkovenko,
   Tatiana/M-8254-2015
NR 31
TC 21
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 13
IS 8
AR 082701
DI 10.1063/1.2234284
PG 16
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 080HE
UT WOS:000240237700033
ER

PT J
AU Levin, M
   Pukhov, A
   Zigler, A
   Sugiyama, K
   Nakajima, K
   Hubbard, RF
   Ting, A
   Gordon, DF
   Sprangle, P
   Kaganovich, D
AF Levin, M.
   Pukhov, A.
   Zigler, A.
   Sugiyama, K.
   Nakajima, K.
   Hubbard, R. F.
   Ting, A.
   Gordon, D. F.
   Sprangle, P.
   Kaganovich, D.
TI Long plasma channels in segmented capillary discharges
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID LASER WAKEFIELD ACCELERATORS; H-ALPHA LINE; WAVE-GUIDE; PULSES
AB Guided propagation of ultrashort (100 fs) high intensity (10(16) W cm(-2)) laser pulses over distances up to 12.6 cm using optimized segmented capillary is reported. A new diagnostic technique is presented in which the transport of a guided laser pulse at different delay times from the initiation of the discharge is sampled on a single discharge shot. The current waveform was optimized to obtain a long lasting, deep radial profile. Radial profiles with the maximal electron density from 4x10(17) to 2x10(18) cm(-3) and up to 25% deep were obtained thereby, whereas longitudinal profiles were found to be remarkably uniform. The potential application of these long channels to the laser wake field accelerator is discussed. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, Jerusalem, Israel.
   Grad Univ Adv Studies, Tokyo, Japan.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   LET Corp, Washington, DC 20007 USA.
   Icarus Res Inc, Bethesda, MD 20824 USA.
RP Levin, M (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, Jerusalem, Israel.
RI zigler, arie/C-2667-2012; 
OI Kaganovich, Dmitri/0000-0002-0905-5871
NR 17
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 13
IS 8
AR 083108
DI 10.1063/1.2261853
PG 5
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 080HE
UT WOS:000240237700047
ER

PT J
AU Levine, JS
   Banister, JW
   Failor, BH
   Qi, N
   Sze, HM
   Velikovich, AL
   Commisso, RJ
   Davis, J
   Lojewski, D
AF Levine, J. S.
   Banister, J. W.
   Failor, B. H.
   Qi, N.
   Sze, H. M.
   Velikovich, A. L.
   Commisso, R. J.
   Davis, J.
   Lojewski, D.
TI Implosion dynamics and radiative characteristics of a high yield
   structured gas puff load
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID Z-PINCH EXPERIMENTS; RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; K-SHELL RADIATION;
   X-RAY POWER; WIRE ARRAYS; NOZZLE; ARGON; DENSITY; DISTRIBUTIONS;
   EMISSION
AB A large diameter gas puff nozzle, designed to produce a radial mass profile with a substantial fraction of the injected mass on the axis, has demonstrated an increase in K shell yield by nearly a factor of 2, to 21 kJ, in an argon Z pinch at 3.5 MA peak current and 205 ns implosion time [H. Sze, J. Banister, B. H. Failor, J. S. Levine, N. Qi, A. L. Velikovich, J. Davis, D. Lojewski, and P. Sincerny, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 105001 (2005)] and 80 kJ at 6 MA and 227 ns implosion time. The initial gas distribution produced by this nozzle has been determined and related to measured plasma dynamics during the implosion run-in phase. The role of two gas shells and the center jet are elucidated by the inclusion of a tracer element sequentially into each of the three independent plenums and by evacuating each plenum. The implosion dynamics and radiative characteristics of the Z pinches are presented. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 L3 Commun Pulse Sci, San Leandro, CA 94577 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Def Threat Reduct Agcy, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA.
RP Levine, JS (reprint author), L3 Commun Pulse Sci, San Leandro, CA 94577 USA.
RI Velikovich, Alexander/B-1113-2009
NR 34
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 13
IS 8
AR 082702
DI 10.1063/1.2221660
PG 11
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 080HE
UT WOS:000240237700034
ER

PT J
AU Rotanova, TV
   Botos, I
   Melnikov, EE
   Rasulova, F
   Gustchina, A
   Maurizi, MR
   Wlodawer, A
AF Rotanova, Tatyana V.
   Botos, Istvan
   Melnikov, Edward E.
   Rasulova, Fatima
   Gustchina, Alla
   Maurizi, Michael R.
   Wlodawer, Alexander
TI Slicing a protease: Structural features of the ATP-dependent Lon
   proteases gleaned from investigations of isolated domains
SO PROTEIN SCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
DE AAA(+) protein; Lon protease; ATP-dependent protease; Ser-Lys dyad; LonA
   and LonB subfamilies; domains; crystal structure
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI LON; N-TERMINAL DOMAIN; SER-LYS DYAD;
   CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MYCOBACTERIUM-SMEGMATIS; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION;
   DEGRADATION MACHINE; PROTEOLYTIC DOMAIN; CATALYTIC DYAD;
   SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE
AB ATP-dependent Lon proteases are multi-domain enzymes found in all living organisms. All Lon proteases contain an ATPase domain belonging to the AAA(+) superfamily of molecular machines and a proteolytic domain with a serine-lysine catalytic dyad. Lon proteases can be divided into two subfamilies, LonA and LonB, exemplified by the Escherichia coli and Archaeoglobus fulgidus paralogs, respectively. The LonA subfamily is defined by the presence of a large N-terminal domain, whereas the LonB subfamily has no such domain, but has a membrane-spanning domain that anchors the protein to the cytoplasmic side of the membrane. The two subfamilies also differ in their consensus sequences. Recent crystal structures for several individual domains and sub-fragments of Lon proteases have begun to illuminate similarities and differences in structure-function relationships between the two subfamilies. Differences in orientation of the active site residues in several isolated Lon protease domains point to possible roles for the AAA+ domains and/or substrates in positioning the catalytic residues within the active site. Structures of the proteolytic domains have also indicated a possible hexameric arrangement of subunits in the native state of bacterial Lon proteases. The structure of a large segment of the N-terminal domain has revealed a folding motif present in other protein families of unknown function and should lead to new insights regarding ways in which Lon interacts with substrates or other cellular factors. These first glimpses of the structure of Lon are heralding an exciting new era of research on this ancient family of proteases.
C1 NCI, Macromol Crystalog Lab, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.
   NIDDK, Mol Biol Lab, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
   Natl Canc Inst, Cell Biol Lab, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
   USN, Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, Infect Dis Directorate, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
   Russian Acad Sci, Semyakin Ovchinnikov Inst Bioorgan Chem, Moscow 117997, Russia.
RP Wlodawer, A (reprint author), NCI, Macromol Crystalog Lab, POB B, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.
EM rotanova@enzyme.siobc.ras.ru; mmaurizi@helix.nih.gov;
   wlodawer@ncifcrf.gov
FU Intramural NIH HHS
NR 97
TC 46
Z9 46
U1 1
U2 9
PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT
PI WOODBURY
PA 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2924 USA
SN 0961-8368
J9 PROTEIN SCI
JI Protein Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 15
IS 8
BP 1815
EP 1828
DI 10.1110/ps.052069306
PG 14
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 068OD
UT WOS:000239383400002
PM 16877706
ER

PT J
AU Pyne, JM
   McSweeney, J
   Kane, HS
   Harvey, S
   Bragg, L
   Fischer, E
AF Pyne, Jeffrey M.
   McSweeney, Jean
   Kane, H. Scott
   Harvey, Susan
   Bragg, Leslie
   Fischer, Ellen
TI Agreement between patients with schizophrenia and providers on factors
   of antipsychotic medication adherence
SO PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES
LA English
DT Article
ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; COMPLIANCE THERAPY; HEALTH-EDUCATION;
   RISK-FACTORS; NONCOMPLIANCE; OUTPATIENTS; DISORDERS; INTERVENTIONS
AB Objective: Medication adherence continues to be a challenge for patients with schizophrenia. Many interventions have been tested but not widely adopted. To fill this gap, this qualitative study examined patient and provider perspectives on barriers, facilitators, and motivators related to adherence. Methods: Twenty-six patients ( 15 veterans and 11 non-veterans) diagnosed as having schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder completed in-depth qualitative interviews. Each patient's mental health provider completed an open-ended paper-and-pencil questionnaire that followed the format of the patient qualitative interview. Patients and their providers were asked about seven domains of an explanatory model for schizophrenia and about barriers to, facilitators for, and motivators to taking antipsychotic medication. Patients and providers responded from the perspective of the patient. Patient interviews were audiotaped and transcribed. The data were analyzed with content analysis and constant comparison methods. Results: Explanatory model agreement between patients and their providers ranged from 40 to 100 percent, depending on the explanatory model domain. Patients identified 214 unique barriers, facilitators, and motivators, and agreement between patients and their providers ranged from 54 to 65 percent. Sample patient quotes are provided. Conclusions: Substantial disagreement arose between patients and their providers with regard to their explanatory models for schizophrenia and the barriers, facilitators, and motivators thought to affect patients' medication adherence decisions. These findings will be used to develop and test a patient-centered strategy to enhance medication adherence.
C1 Cent Arkansas Vet Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychiat, N Little Rock, AR 72114 USA.
   Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Psychiat, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA.
   Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Coll Nursing, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA.
   Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Child & Adolescent Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
   USN, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Pyne, JM (reprint author), Cent Arkansas Vet Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychiat, 2200 Ft Roots Dr,152-NLR, N Little Rock, AR 72114 USA.
EM jmpyne@uams.edu
NR 45
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC
PI ARLINGTON
PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA
SN 1075-2730
J9 PSYCHIAT SERV
JI Psychiatr. Serv.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 57
IS 8
BP 1170
EP 1178
DI 10.1176/appi.ps.57.8.1170
PG 9
WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
   Psychiatry
SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational
   Health; Psychiatry
GA 067NF
UT WOS:000239309200015
PM 16870969
ER

PT J
AU Stevens, RJ
   Smith, AN
   Norris, PM
AF Stevens, Robert J.
   Smith, Andrew N.
   Norris, Pamela M.
TI Signal analysis and characterization of experimental setup for the
   transient thermoreflectance technique
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID PICOSECOND ULTRASONICS; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; FILMS; AU; CONDUCTANCE;
   THICKNESS; AL
AB The transient thermoreflectance (TTR) technique is a powerful optical pump-probe technique often used to measure thermal properties and monitor ultrafast processes. The technique has been used to measure a range of properties including the thermal conductivities of thin films and electron-phonon coupling factors to mention a few. TTR measurements are sensitive to residual heating and misalignment, which can lead to erroneous analysis of TTR data. To minimize these errors, we have developed a simple phase correction technique to reduce errors associated with residual heating and other background noise. Besides its simple implementation, the technique also requires no previous knowledge of the transient reflectance response. The technique is verified with simulated experimental data. The importance of proper alignment of the pump and probe beams over the entire range of pump-probe time delays of interest is discussed, along with a means of quantifying error associated with misalignment. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
   USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
   Univ Virginia, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
RP Stevens, RJ (reprint author), Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
EM rjseme@rit.edu
RI Stevens, Robert/D-4620-2013
OI Stevens, Robert/0000-0002-7528-0102
NR 24
TC 28
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 26
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 77
IS 8
AR 084901
DI 10.1063/1.2336187
PG 8
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 077NH
UT WOS:000240035800022
ER

PT J
AU Sapsford, KE
   Pons, T
   Medintz, IL
   Mattoussi, H
AF Sapsford, Kim E.
   Pons, Thomas
   Medintz, Igor L.
   Mattoussi, Hedi
TI Biosensing with luminescent semiconductor quantum dots
SO SENSORS
LA English
DT Review
DE biosensor; fluorescence; antibody; DNA; detection; FRET; quantum dot;
   probe; immunoassay; nanocrystal
ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; FLUORESCENT
   NANOCRYSTALS; IMMUNOFLUORESCENT DETECTION; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS HYDROLASE;
   BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS; SELECTIVE DETERMINATION;
   CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM; CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; DETECTION SYSTEM
AB Luminescent semiconductor nanocrystals or quantum dots (QDs) are a recently developed class of nanomaterial whose unique photophysical properties are helping to create a new generation of robust fluorescent biosensors. QD properties of interest for biosensing include high quantum yields, broad absorption spectra coupled to narrow size-tunable photoluminescent emissions and exceptional resistance to both photobleaching and chemical degradation. In this review, we examine the progress in adapting QDs for several predominantly in vitro biosensing applications including use in immunoassays, as generalized probes, in nucleic acid detection and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) - based sensing. We also describe several important considerations when working with QDs mainly centered on the choice of material(s) and appropriate strategies for attaching biomolecules to the QDs.
C1 USN, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   USN, Div Opt Sci, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   George Mason Univ, Manassas, VA 20110 USA.
   Johns Hopkins Univ, Chem & Biomol Engn Dept, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RP Mattoussi, H (reprint author), USN, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM ksapsford@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil; thomas.pons@nrl.navy.mil;
   imedintz@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil; hedimat@ccs.nrl.navy.mil
RI Pons, Thomas/A-8667-2008
OI Pons, Thomas/0000-0001-8800-4302
NR 139
TC 224
Z9 229
U1 20
U2 184
PU MOLECULAR DIVERSITY PRESERVATION INTERNATIONAL
PI BASEL
PA MATTHAEUSSTRASSE 11, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1424-8220
J9 SENSORS-BASEL
JI Sensors
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 6
IS 8
BP 925
EP 953
DI 10.3390/s6080925
PG 29
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 089QE
UT WOS:000240894800013
ER

PT J
AU Todd, CS
   Khakimov, MM
   Alibayeva, G
   Abdullaeva, M
   Giyasova, GM
   Saad, MD
   Botros, BA
   Bautista, CT
   Sanchez, JL
   Carr, JK
   Earhart, KC
AF Todd, Catherine S.
   Khakimov, Mumtaz M.
   Alibayeva, Gulchaekra
   Abdullaeva, Mukhabat
   Giyasova, Guzel M.
   Saad, Magdi D.
   Botros, Boulos A.
   Bautista, Christian T.
   Sanchez, Jose L.
   Carr, Jean K.
   Earhart, Kenneth C.
TI Prevalence and correlates of human immunodeficiency virus infection
   among female sex workers in Tashkent, Uzbekistan
SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Biennial Meeting of the
   International-Society-for-Sexually-Transmitted-Diseases-Research
CY JUL   11, 2005
CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS
SP Int Soc Sexually Transmitted Dis Res
ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; NEWLY INDEPENDENT STATES; SUB-SAHARAN
   AFRICA; RUSSIAN-FEDERATION; HIV-INFECTION; RISK-FACTORS; GENITAL ULCERS;
   EPIDEMICS; TRANSMISSION; EXPOSURE
AB Objectives/Goal: To assess prevalence of and correlates to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among female sex workers in Tashkent, Uzbekistan.
   Study Design: Women participating in this cross-sectional study completed a questionnaire and HIV testing between April 2003 and March 2004. Logistic regression analyses determined correlation of variables to HIV infection.
   Results: Of 448 women, 10% (45) were HIV infected, which was associated with ever injecting drugs (AOR = 20.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.69-53.07), street-based sex work (AOR = 4.52; 95% CI, 1.84-11.12), exchanging sex for drugs (AOR = 4.74; 95% CI, 1.84-12.18), and more sexually transmitted infection treatments in the preceding 3 months (AOR = 2.43; 95% CI, 1.14-5.17).
   Conclusions: Although injection drug use is the strongest correlate to HIV infection, sexual risk behaviors are independently related and should receive focus in prevention efforts targeted to this population.
C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Div Int Hlth & Cross Cultural Med, Dept Family & Prevent Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
   Republ Uzbekistan Ctr HIV AIDS Control & Prevent, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.
   USN, Med Res Unit 3, NAMRU 3, Cairo, Egypt.
   Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD USA.
   Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med Inc, Rockville, MD USA.
RP Todd, CS (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Div Int Hlth & Cross Cultural Med, Dept Family & Prevent Med, 9500 Gilman Dr,Mailcode 0622, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM cstodd@ucsd.edu
RI Bautista, Christian/B-2812-2011; Saad, Magdi/H-5561-2013
OI Saad, Magdi/0000-0003-2111-8115
NR 39
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0148-5717
J9 SEX TRANSM DIS
JI Sex. Transm. Dis.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 33
IS 8
BP 496
EP 501
DI 10.1097/01.olq.0000204624.26219.6a
PG 6
WC Infectious Diseases
SC Infectious Diseases
GA 068ZN
UT WOS:000239414300007
PM 16601658
ER

PT J
AU Moran, TG
   Davila, JM
   Morrill, JS
   Wang, D
   Howard, R
AF Moran, Thomas G.
   Davila, Joseph M.
   Morrill, Jeff S.
   Wang, Dennis
   Howard, Russel
TI Solar and heliospheric observatory/large angle spectrometric coronagraph
   polarimetric calibration
SO SOLAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LIGHT
AB We present a polarimetric characterization and correction for the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory/Large Angle Spectrometric Coronagraph (SOHO/LASCO) C2 and C3 white light coronagraphs. By measuring the uncorrected polarization angles in solar minimum C2 coronal images, we have determined that the coronagraph acts as an optical phase retarder which converts a small fraction of the incoming radiation polarization from linear to circular. In addition, from the measurements of polarization angle in C3 coronal images we have determined that a component of the instrumentally scattered light in that instrument is polarized. We infer the retardation angle for C2 and compute the corresponding Mueller matrix, and determine the polarized stray light spatial profile in C3. The C2 Mueller matrix and C3 polarized stray light profiles are used to correct for instrumental effects in solar minimum coronal observations to obtain polarized brightness between two and thirty-two solar radii, which show deep polar coronal holes extending to the limit of the field of view.
C1 Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA.
   NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Moran, TG (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA.
EM moran@esa.nascom.nasa.gov; davila@lindsay.gsfc.nasa.gov;
   morrill@shogun.nrl; dennis.wang@nrl.navy.mil; russel.howard@nrl.navy.mil
NR 10
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-0938
J9 SOL PHYS
JI Sol. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 237
IS 1
BP 211
EP 222
DI 10.1007/s11207-006-0147-9
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 073HR
UT WOS:000239734100015
ER

PT J
AU Shuvayev, VA
   Deych, LI
   Ponomarev, IV
   Lisyansky, AA
AF Shuvayev, V. A.
   Deych, L. I.
   Ponomarev, I. V.
   Lisyansky, A. A.
TI Self-consistent Hartree method for calculations of exciton binding
   energy in quantum wells
SO SUPERLATTICES AND MICROSTRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article
DE quantum well; exciton energy; self-consistent approach
ID SEMICONDUCTOR HETEROSTRUCTURES; SHALLOW; STATES; ABSORPTION; SYMMETRY
AB A new computationally efficient and flexible approach to calculating characteristics of excitons in quantum wells based on a self-consistent variational treatment of the electron-hole Coulomb interaction is developed. It is applied to several different quantum well materials and is shown to give much better (lower) values of exciton energies. The iterative scheme used to calculate the energies and respective wave functions is stable and rapidly convergent. The authors believe that the method can be an important computational tool in computing exciton characteristics in shallow quantum wells exceeding currently existing approaches in accuracy and efficiency. The method can also be naturally generalized for quantum wires and dots. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 CUNY Queens Coll, Dept Phys, Flushing, NY 11367 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Deych, LI (reprint author), CUNY Queens Coll, Dept Phys, Flushing, NY 11367 USA.
EM lev_deych@physics.qc.edu
RI Deych, Lev/C-4099-2008; Ponomarev, Ilya/F-5183-2010
OI Deych, Lev/0000-0002-2482-5803; Ponomarev, Ilya/0000-0002-8584-6034
NR 35
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0749-6036
J9 SUPERLATTICE MICROST
JI Superlattices Microstruct.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 40
IS 2
BP 77
EP 92
DI 10.1016/j.spmi.2006.05.002
PG 16
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 078KJ
UT WOS:000240101400002
ER

PT J
AU Vu, T
AF Vu, Tuong
TI Contentious mass politics in Southeast Asia: Knowledge accumulation and
   cycles of growth and exhaustion
SO THEORY AND SOCIETY
LA English
DT Review
ID CROSS-NATIONAL ANALYSIS; PEASANT-REVOLUTION; BIG CONCLUSIONS;
   SOCIAL-MOVEMENT; HUK REBELLION; CIVIL-WAR; SMALL NS; INEQUALITY;
   PHILIPPINES; INSURGENCY
AB The study of mass contentious politics in Southeast Asia has accumulated significant knowledge over the last 40 years. This politics is instructive because it presents distinctive problems for analysis whose solutions will be useful to future analysts there and elsewhere. Two areas of knowledge where this literature has made special contributions are peasant resistance and the politics of insurgency and counterinsurgency. In addition, the peculiarities of the scholarship on this topic offer an opportunity to engage two different debates. First, because of the diverse methods employed to tackle this topic, the literature is useful for evaluating claims often made by partisans to methodological debates that only one's own method can accumulate knowledge while others cannot. Second, given the high geopolitical stake Southeast Asia once held for the United States in its fight against world communism, the scholarship on contentious mass politics in this region provides an appropriate test case for the common argument that postwar American scholarship has been dominated by American "imperial designs." This article examines the different genres of analysis in the literature and shows how these genres hold different normative and ontological assumptions, conceptualize problems differently, and accumulate knowledge in different modes. A key finding of the essay is that knowledge accumulation by different genres has experienced cycles of growth and exhaustion. The evolution of these genres indicates the often neglected fact that knowledge accumulation consumes exhaustible knowledge resources that need to be replenished. The changing fortunes of the genres with different normative orientations also suggest a loose link between scholarship on this topic and broad ideological shifts in the United States, although "imperial interests" did not always prevail as often claimed.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Int Studies, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Vu, T (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Int Studies, 1411 Cunningham Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM thvu@nps.edu
NR 131
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-2421
EI 1573-7853
J9 THEOR SOC
JI Theory Soc.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 35
IS 4
BP 393
EP 419
DI 10.1007/s11186-006-9011-z
PG 27
WC Sociology
SC Sociology
GA 109DQ
UT WOS:000242288500001
ER

PT J
AU Huestis, MA
   ElSohly, M
   Nebro, W
   Barnes, A
   Gustafson, RA
   Smith, ML
AF Huestis, Marilyn A.
   ElSohly, Mahmoud
   Nebro, Wesenyalsh
   Barnes, Allan
   Gustafson, Riehard A.
   Smith, Michael L.
TI Estimating time of last oral ingestion of cannabis from plasma THC and
   THCCOOH concentrations
SO THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING
LA English
DT Article
DE tetrahydrocannabinol; oral; prediction models; plasma cannabinoids
ID DELTA-9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL THC; DELTA(9)-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL;
   MARIJUANA; PERFORMANCE; BLOOD; PHARMACOLOGY; METABOLISM; HUMANS
AB Estimating the time of last cannabis use is important in assessing possible impairment of drivers involved in accidents, in verifying accuracy of court testimony and in the future, helpful in therapeutic monitoring of cannabis agonists. In 1992, Huestis et al developed model 1, based on plasma Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentrations, and model 2, on plasma 11-nor-9-carboxy-Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannbinol/THC ratios, that predicted 95% confidence intervals for time of last cannabis use. These models seemed to be valuable when applied to the small amount of data from published studies of oral ingestion, a route of administration more popular with the advent of cannabis therapies. A study was designed to further validate the models after oral ingestion of THC, and to determine whether they could predict last usage after multiple oral doses. Eighteen subjects in IRB-approved studies participated after providing informed consent. Each of 12 subjects in one group received a single 10 mg oral dose of dronabinol (synthetic THC). In another protocol, 6 subjects received 4 different oral daily doses, divided into thirds and administered with meals for 5 consecutive days. There was a 10-day washout period between each dosing regimen. Daily doses were 0.39, 0.47, and 14.8 mg THC in hemp oil and 7.5 mg dronabinol. Blood specimens were collected throughout the study and analyzed for plasma THC and 11-nor-9-carboxy-Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannbinol by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with limits of quantification (LOQs) of 0.5 and 1.0 ng/mL, respectively. Actual times between ingestion of THC and blood collection spanned 0.5 to 16 hours. All plasma specimens with analyte concentrations > LOQ (n = 90) were evaluated. Models I and 2 correctly predicted time of last THC ingestion for 74.4% and 90.0% of plasma specimens, respectively. 96.7% of predicted times were correct with one overestimate and 2 underestimates using the time interval defined by the lowest and highest 95% confidence limit of both models. These results provide further evidence of the usefulness of the predictive models in estimating the time of last oral THC ingestion after single or multiple doses.
C1 NIDA, Intramural Res Program, NIH, Baltimore, MD USA.
   USN, Drug Screening Lab, Jacksonville, FL USA.
   ElSohly Labs, Oxford, MS USA.
   Off AF Med Examiner, Div Forens Toxicol, Rockville, MD USA.
RP Huestis, MA (reprint author), NIDA, Intramural Res Program, NIH, Baltimore, MD USA.
EM mhuestis@intra.nida.nih.gov
FU Intramural NIH HHS
NR 21
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 2
U2 11
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0163-4356
J9 THER DRUG MONIT
JI Ther. Drug Monit.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 28
IS 4
BP 540
EP 544
DI 10.1097/00007691-200608000-00009
PG 5
WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 071HD
UT WOS:000239589300009
PM 16885722
ER

PT J
AU Arnaud, F
   Handrigan, M
   Hammett, M
   Philbin, N
   Rice, J
   Dong, F
   Pearce, LB
   McCarron, R
   Freilich, D
AF Arnaud, F.
   Handrigan, M.
   Hammett, M.
   Philbin, N.
   Rice, J.
   Dong, F.
   Pearce, L. B.
   McCarron, R.
   Freilich, D.
TI Coagulation patterns following haemoglobin-based oxygen carrier
   resuscitation in severe uncontrolled haemorrhagic shock in swine
SO TRANSFUSION MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE haemostasis; oxygen carriers; resuscitation; swine model; transfusion;
   trauma
ID BOVINE POLYMERIZED HEMOGLOBIN; DELAYED EVACUATION; LIVER-INJURY; TRAUMA
   PATIENTS; HETASTARCH HEX; BLOOD; HBOC-201; MODEL; COAGULOPATHY; PIGS
AB Massive blood loss due to penetrating trauma and internal organ damage can cause severe haemorrhagic shock (HS), leading to a severely compromised haemostatic balance. This study evaluated the effect of bovine polymerized haemoglobin (Hb) (Hb-based oxygen carrier, HBOC) resuscitation on haemostasis in a swine model of uncontrolled HS. Following liver injury/HS, swine received HBOC (n = 8), Hextend (HEX) (n = 8) or no resuscitation (NON) (n = 8). Fluids were infused to increase mean arterial pressure above 60 mmHg and to reduce heart rate to baseline. At 4 h, the animals were eligible for blood transfusions. Prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, thromboelastography (TEG) and platelet function analyser closure time (PFA-CT) were compared by using mixed statistical model. At 4 h, blood loss (% estimated blood volume) was comparable for HBOC (65.5 +/- 18.5%) and HEX (80.8 +/- 14.4%) and less for NON (58.7 +/- 10.1%; P < 0.05). Resuscitation-induced dilutional coagulopathy was observed with HBOC and HEX, as indicated by reduced haematocrit, platelets and fibrinogen (P < 0.05). At 4 h, PT was higher in HEX than in HBOC groups (P < 0.01). In the early hospital phase, a trend to increased TEG reaction time and PFA-CT indicates that dilutional effects persist in HBOC and HEX groups. PFA-CT returned to baseline later with HBOC than with HEX (48 vs. 24 h) following blood transfusion. At 4 h, all surviving HEX animals (n = 3) required transfusion, in contrast to no HBOC (n = 7) or NON (n = 1) animals. In this severe uncontrolled HS model, successful resuscitation with HBOC produced haemodilutional coagulopathy less than or similar to that produced by resuscitation with HEX.
C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Trauma & Resuscitat Med Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
   Biopure Corp, Cambridge, MA USA.
RP Arnaud, F (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Trauma & Resuscitat Med Dept, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM arnaudf@nmrc.navy.mil
NR 39
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 2
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0958-7578
J9 TRANSFUSION MED
JI Transfus. Med.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 16
IS 4
BP 290
EP 302
DI 10.1111/j.1365-3148.2006.00678.x
PG 13
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA 067MP
UT WOS:000239307500008
PM 16879158
ER

PT J
AU Bond, NA
   Dierking, CF
   Doyle, JD
AF Bond, Nicholas A.
   Dierking, Carl F.
   Doyle, James D.
TI Research aircraft and wind profiler observations in Gastineau Channel
   during a Taku wind event
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID TURBULENCE CLOSURE-MODEL; DOWNSLOPE WINDSTORM; CASCADE MOUNTAINS;
   SIMULATIONS; PREDICTION; ALASKA; FLOWS; WAVE; LEE
AB The flow in Gastineau Channel near Juneau, Alaska, during the moderate Taku wind event of 18 October 2004 is examined using observations from the University of Wyoming's King Air research aircraft, two wind profilers, and surface weather stations. These data sources reveal low-level winds directed down the central portion of Gastineau Channel, that is, gap flow. Farther down the channel, and above this gap flow, the winds were strongly cross channel in association with the downslope flow that characterizes Taku events. The transition region between these two flows included strong vertical wind shear and severe turbulence; measurements from the King Air indicate turbulent kinetic energy locally exceeding 50 m(2) s(-2). A high-resolution simulation of this case using the Naval Research Laboratory's Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System reproduced the observed character of the mean flow. This case illustrates the hazard to aviation posed by even a moderate Taku wind event and shows the value of a wind profiler for monitoring the vertical wind shear responsible for the hazard.
C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
   Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Oceans, Washington, DC USA.
   NWS Forecast Off, Juneau, AK USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Bond, NA (reprint author), 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM nicholas.bond@noaa.gov
NR 22
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 4
BP 489
EP 501
DI 10.1175/WAF932.1
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 078TG
UT WOS:000240125900004
ER

PT J
AU Zhao, QY
   Cook, J
   Xu, Q
   Harasti, PR
AF Zhao, Qingyun
   Cook, John
   Xu, Qin
   Harasti, Paul R.
TI Using radar wind observations to improve mesoscale numerical weather
   prediction
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-DOPPLER RADAR; FORECAST DEMONSTRATION PROJECT; SIMPLE ADJOINT
   RETRIEVALS; MODEL INITIAL FIELDS; MICROBURST WINDS; SUPERCELL
   THUNDERSTORM; VELOCITY RETRIEVAL; PART II; ASSIMILATION; COVARIANCES
C1 USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
   Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
   Univ Corp Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Zhao, QY (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Mail Stop 2,7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM zhao@nrlmry.navy.mil
NR 33
TC 26
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 4
BP 502
EP 522
DI 10.1175/WAF936.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 078TG
UT WOS:000240125900005
ER

PT J
AU Lee, TF
   Miller, SD
   Schueler, C
   Miller, S
AF Lee, Thomas F.
   Miller, Steven D.
   Schueler, Carl
   Miller, Shawn
TI NASA MODIS previews NPOESS VIIRS capabilities
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID SAFARI 2000; ART.; AEROSOL; SMOKE; AVHRR; LAND
AB The Visible/Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), scheduled to fly on the satellites of the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System, will combine the missions of the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), which flies on current National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration satellites, and the Operational Linescan System aboard the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program satellites. VIIRS will offer a number of improvements to weather forecasters. First, because of a sophisticated downlink and relay system, VIIRS latencies will be 30 min or less around the globe, improving the timeliness and therefore the operational usefulness of the images. Second, with 22 channels, VIIRS will offer many more products than its predecessors. As an example, a true-color simulation is shown using data from the Earth Observing System's Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), an application current geostationary imagers cannot produce because of a missing "green" wavelength channel. Third, VIIRS images will have improved quality. Through a unique pixel aggregation strategy, VIIRS pixels will not expand rapidly toward the edge of a scan like those of MODIS or AVHRR. Data will retain nearly the same resolution at the edge of the swath as at nadir. Graphs and image simulations depict the improvement in output image quality. Last, the NexSat Web site, which provides near-real-time simulations of VIIRS products, is introduced.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
   Raytheon Co, Santa Barbara Remote Sensing, Santa Barbara, CA USA.
RP Lee, TF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM lee@nrlmry.navy.mil
NR 17
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 4
BP 649
EP 655
DI 10.1175/WAF935.1
PG 7
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 078TG
UT WOS:000240125900013
ER

PT J
AU Sampson, CR
   Goerss, JS
   Weber, HC
AF Sampson, Charles R.
   Goerss, James S.
   Weber, Harry C.
TI Operational performance of a new barotropic model (WBAR) in the Western
   North Pacific Basin
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID HURRICANE PREDICTION SYSTEM
AB The Weber barotropic model (WBAR) was originally developed using predefined 850-200-hPa analyses and forecasts from the NCEP Global Forecasting System. The WBAR tropical cyclone (TC) track forecast performance was found to be competitive with that of more complex numerical weather prediction models in the North Atlantic. As a result, WBAR was revised to incorporate the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS) analyses and forecasts for use at the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC). The model was also modified to analyze its own storm-dependent deep-layer mean fields from standard NOGAPS pressure levels. Since its operational installation at the JTWC in May 2003, WBAR TC track forecast performance has been competitive with the performance of other more complex NWP models in the western North Pacific. Its TC track forecast performance combined with its high availability rate (93%-95%) has warranted its inclusion in the JTWC operational consensus. The impact of WBAR on consensus TC track forecast performance has been positive and WBAR has added to the consensus forecast availability (i.e., having at least two models to provide a consensus forecast).
C1 USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
   Univ Munich, D-80539 Munich, Germany.
RP Sampson, CR (reprint author), NRL, Mail Stop 2,7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM sampson@nrlmry.navy.mil
RI Sampson, Charles/F-5684-2010
NR 21
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 4
BP 656
EP 662
DI 10.1175/WAF939.1
PG 7
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 078TG
UT WOS:000240125900014
ER

PT J
AU Aifer, EH
   Tischler, JG
   Warner, JH
   Vurgaftman, I
   Bewley, WW
   Meyer, JR
   Kim, JC
   Whitman, LJ
   Canedy, CL
   Jackson, EM
AF Aifer, E. H.
   Tischler, J. G.
   Warner, J. H.
   Vurgaftman, I.
   Bewley, W. W.
   Meyer, J. R.
   Kim, J. C.
   Whitman, L. J.
   Canedy, C. L.
   Jackson, E. M.
TI W-structured type-II superlattice long-wave infrared photodiodes with
   high quantum efficiency
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID WAVELENGTH; LASERS
AB Results are presented for an enhanced type-II W-structured superlattice (WSL) photodiode with an 11.3 mu m cutoff and 34% external quantum efficiency (at 8.6 mu m) operating at 80 K. The new WSL design employs quaternary Al0.4Ga0.49In0.11Sb barrier layers to improve collection efficiency by increasing minority-carrier mobility. By fitting the quantum efficiencies of a series of p-i-n WSL photodiodes with background-doped i-region thicknesses varying from 1 to 4 mu m, the authors determine that the minority-carrier electron diffusion length is 3.5 mu m. The structures were grown on semitransparent n-GaSb substrates that contributed a 35%-55% gain in quantum efficiency from multiple internal reflections. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   SFA Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA.
RP Aifer, EH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM aifer@estd.nrl.navy.mil
RI Whitman, Lloyd/G-9320-2011
OI Whitman, Lloyd/0000-0002-3117-1174
NR 11
TC 61
Z9 61
U1 1
U2 15
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 31
PY 2006
VL 89
IS 5
AR 053519
DI 10.1063/1.2335509
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 070KH
UT WOS:000239520200118
ER

PT J
AU Ma, W
   O'Shaughnessy, T
   Chang, E
AF Ma, Wu
   O'Shaughnessy, Thomas
   Chang, Eddie
TI Cryopreservation of adherent neuronal networks
SO NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE neuronal networks; cryopreservation; collagen gel; trehalose; DMSO;
   synaptic vesicle recycling
ID MAMMALIAN-CELLS; BRAIN-TISSUE; DRY STATE; TREHALOSE; STABILIZATION;
   CULTURE; HEPATOCYTES; SURVIVAL
AB Neuronal networks have been widely used for neurophysiology, drug discovery and toxicity testing. An essential prerequisite for future widespread application of neuronal networks is the development of efficient cryopreservation protocols to facilitate their storage and transportation. Here is the first report on cryopreservation of mammalian adherent neuronal networks. Dissociated spinal cord cells were attached to a poly-D-lysine/laminin surface and allowed to form neuronal networks. Adherent neuronal networks were embedded in a thin film of collagen gel and loaded with trehalose prior to transfer to a freezing medium containing DMSO, FBS and culture medium. This was followed by a slow rate of cooling to -80 degrees C for 24 h and then storage for up to 2 months in liquid nitrogen at -196 degrees C. The three components: DMSO, collagen gel entrapment and trehalose loading combined provided the highest post-thaw viability, relative to individual or two component protocols. The post-thaw cells with this protocol demonstrated similar neuronal and astrocytic markers and morphological structure as those detected in unfrozen cells. Fluorescent dye FM1-43 staining revealed active recycling of synaptic vesicles upon depolarizing stimulation in the post-thaw neuronal networks. These results suggest that a combination of DMSO, collagen gel entrapment and trehalose loading can significantly improve conventional slow-cooling methods in cryopreservation of adherent neuronal networks. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Ma, W (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6900,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM wma@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil
NR 27
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
   IRELAND
SN 0304-3940
J9 NEUROSCI LETT
JI Neurosci. Lett.
PD JUL 31
PY 2006
VL 403
IS 1-2
BP 84
EP 89
DI 10.1016/j.neulet.2006.04.064
PG 6
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 071OM
UT WOS:000239611500017
PM 16759804
ER

PT J
AU Dermer, CD
   Atoyan, A
AF Dermer, C. D.
   Atoyan, A.
TI Ultra-high energy cosmic rays, cascade gamma rays, and high-energy
   neutrinos from gamma-ray bursts
SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SHOCK ACCELERATION; SPECTRUM; MODEL; ENVIRONMENTS; AFTERGLOW; COMPONENT;
   EMISSION; REMNANTS; GALAXY
AB Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are sources of energetic, highly variable fluxes of. rays, which demonstrates that they are powerful particle accelerators. Besides relativistic electrons, GRBs should also accelerate high-energy hadrons, some of which could escape cooling to produce ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). Acceleration of high-energy hadrons in GRB blast waves will be established if high-energy neutrinos produced through photopion interactions in the blast wave are detected from GRBs. Limitations on the energy in non-thermal hadrons and the number of expected neutrinos are imposed by the fluxes from pair-photon cascades initiated in the same processes that produce neutrinos. Only the most powerful bursts at fluence levels greater than or similar to 3 x 10(-4) erg cm(-2) offer a realistic prospect for detection of >> TeV neutrinos. Detection of high-energy neutrinos is likely if GRB blast waves have large baryon loads and Doppler factors less than or similar to 200. Cascade. rays will accompany neutrino production and might already have been detected as anomalous emission components in the spectra of some GRBs. Prospects for detection of GRBs in the Milky Way are also considered.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Univ Montreal, Ctr Rech Math, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada.
RP Dermer, CD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Code 7653,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM dermer@gamma.nrl.navy.mil; atoyan@crm.umontreal.ca
NR 58
TC 48
Z9 48
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1367-2630
J9 NEW J PHYS
JI New J. Phys.
PD JUL 31
PY 2006
VL 8
AR 122
DI 10.1088/1367-2630/8/7/122
PG 15
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 068YC
UT WOS:000239409900005
ER

PT J
AU Knies, DL
   Grabowski, KS
   Cetina, C
AF Knies, D. L.
   Grabowski, K. S.
   Cetina, C.
TI Implementing a SIMS ion source on the NRL trace element accelerator mass
   spectrometer
SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 15th International Conference on Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS
   XV)
CY SEP 12-16, 2005
CL Univ Manchester, Manchester, ENGLAND
HO Univ Manchester
DE accelerator mass spectrometry; secondary ion mass spectrometry; trace
   element; molecular interference
ID AMS; FACILITY
AB The NRL trace element accelerator mass spectrometer facility has recently added a modified Cameca IMS 6F SIMS instrument as a high-performance ion source, providing the advantages of accelerator mass spectrometry to SIMS analysis. These advantages include removal of molecular interferences, a greatly reduced background, and composition analysis using molecular ions (after breaking them into atomic constituents before detection). This last feature compensates for a requirement to use only negative secondary ions, as it enables measurement of electropositive elements. In addition, the NRL facility provides for parallel mass analysis, thus improving isotope ratio precision and practical sensitivity. Spatial analysis of the sample is still provided by raster of the primary Cs beam. The modified Cameca includes the Cs primary column, sample chamber, and the secondary ion column up to the standard electrostatic analyzer. The NRL accelerator facility supplants the normal mass spectrometer portion of the IMS 6F instrument. Additional recent facility upgrades provide improved mass spectrometry performance, both for a prior radiocarbon ion source and the now installed SIMS. An example measurement, using silver ions, demonstrates the system's capabilities. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA.
RP Grabowski, KS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6303,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM Kenneth.Grabowski@nrl.navy.mil
OI Grabowski, Kenneth/0000-0003-0816-001X
NR 13
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-4332
J9 APPL SURF SCI
JI Appl. Surf. Sci.
PD JUL 30
PY 2006
VL 252
IS 19
SI SI
BP 7297
EP 7300
DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2006.02.248
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics,
   Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 085ND
UT WOS:000240609900212
ER

PT J
AU Halthore, RN
   Caffrey, PF
AF Halthore, Rangasayi N.
   Caffrey, Peter F.
TI Measurement and modeling of background aerosols in remote marine
   atmospheres: Implications for sea salt flux
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; BOUNDARY-LAYER; PARAMETERIZATION; SURFACE; DEPTH
AB Aerosol optical thickness (AOT) measurements at two remote Pacific Ocean locations in the northern hemisphere reveal an absolute minimum in the solar spectrum of magnitude similar to 0.02 at 550 nm and an Angstrom exponent of about 1. Along with similar results from measurements at continental sites reported previously, this minimum indicates the presence of background aerosol at both continental and marine sites. A measure of marine boundary layer AOT is obtained by taking the difference between values measured at sea-level and at altitude on Mauna Loa, Hawaii. This then is compared with AOT calculated by a Lagrangian boundary-layer microphysical aerosol model using sea-salt and sulfate aerosols and with meteorology input from a mesoscale model to provide estimates of the sea salt flux that are within a factor of 7 of a hybrid Monahan-Smith formulation.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Halthore, RN (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW,Code 7228, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM halthore@nrl.navy.mil
NR 17
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 28
PY 2006
VL 33
IS 14
AR L14819
DI 10.1029/2006GL026302
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 069ZN
UT WOS:000239489300003
ER

PT J
AU Alam, J
   Mohammad, SN
AF Alam, J.
   Mohammad, S. Noor
TI Doping induced surface chemistry dictating the characteristics of
   Schottky contacts to III-V nitride semiconductors
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ALLOYED OHMIC CONTACTS; N-TYPE GAN; P-TYPE GAN; DESIGN PRINCIPLES;
   THREADING DISLOCATIONS; THERMAL-STABILITY; GALLIUM NITRIDE; BARRIER
   HEIGHT; QUANTUM DOTS; THIN-FILMS
AB While lightly doped semiconductors are preferred for Schottky contacts, heavily doped semiconductors are preferred for Ohmic contacts. The upper limit of doping for Schottky contacts and the lower limit of doping for Ohmic contacts have not, however, been quantified. To address this problem, the influence of doping induced surface chemistry on the electrical characteristics of Schottky diodes has been studied. Hall measurement, current-voltage measurements, and transmission electron microscopy have been performed. The most remarkable observation of the study is a relationship between the surface dislocation density and the ideality factor of the Schottky diodes. The observation leads to a conclusion that the upper limit of the semiconductor doping for Schottky diodes should be such that it leads to negligible barrier height reduction without the creation of excessive surface dislocation density. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Howard Univ, Mat Sci Res Ctr Excellence, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
   Howard Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
   Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Mohammad, SN (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Elect Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM snmohammad2002@yahoo.com
NR 46
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JUL 28
PY 2006
VL 125
IS 4
AR 044718
DI 10.1063/1.2220563
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 069CS
UT WOS:000239423600058
PM 16942185
ER

PT J
AU Hammond, MH
   Johnson, KJ
   Rose-Pehrsson, SL
   Ziegler, J
   Walker, H
   Caudy, K
   Gary, D
   Tillett, D
AF Hammond, MH
   Johnson, KJ
   Rose-Pehrsson, SL
   Ziegler, J
   Walker, H
   Caudy, K
   Gary, D
   Tillett, D
TI A novel chemical detector using cermet sensors and pattern recognition
   methods for toxic industrial chemicals
SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 11th International Symposium on Olfaction and Electronic Noses (ISOEN)
CY APR 13-15, 2005
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
DE cermet; pattern recognition; gas sensor; chemical weapons; neural
   networks; voltammetry
ID CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY
AB The development and evaluation of a novel gas sensing system intended for use on US Navy vessels is presented. The purpose of this sensor is to provide real-time detection and quantification of a wide range of known toxic chemicals including toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) and combustible or corrosive gases. The sensor system incorporates an array of ceramic-metal (cermet) gas microsensors with multivariate pattern recognition techniques and represents a rugged, light-weight, and low-cost solution to analysis problems that would otherwise need to be addressed with multiple conventional electrochemical sensors. The smart microsensor arrays are being developed by combining cermet electrochemical sensors utilizing cyclic voltammetry, with intelligent firmware and software to drive the sensors and analyze the data. The chemical microsensor architecture may be modified for detection selectivity of a variety of chemical species. The microsensor arrays have potential application for monitoring, hazardous chemicals in the part-per-million to part-per-billion range in a variety of internal and external environments. The arrays sense analytes using pattern recognition techniques to determine the presence of vapors of interest. A test demonstrator has been developed with a four-sensor array. readout electronics, and system control software. The four-sensor array was exposed to 15 test vapors. The 15-analyte sources, including two blood agents. 10 TICs and three simulants were generated at five different concentrations in humid air. The cermet sensor array provided unique responses for the various analytes tested. Similar analyte types produced similar results. The sensitivity is sufficient to detect all the analytes at their respective exposure limits. A variety of feature selection and pattern recognition methods are being investigated for robust detection. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92121 USA.
RP Hammond, MH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6181,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM mark.hammond@nrl.navy.mil
NR 9
TC 33
Z9 34
U1 2
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0925-4005
J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM
JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem.
PD JUL 28
PY 2006
VL 116
IS 1-2
BP 135
EP 144
DI 10.1016/j.snb.2005.12.065
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 049WO
UT WOS:000238048600023
ER

PT J
AU Carroll, FI
   Blough, BE
   Huang, XD
   Nie, Z
   Mascarella, SW
   Deschamps, J
   Navarro, HA
AF Carroll, F. Ivy
   Blough, Bruce E.
   Huang, Xiaodong
   Nie, Zhe
   Mascarella, S. Wayne
   Deschamps, Jeffrey
   Navarro, Hernan A.
TI Synthesis and monoamine transporter binding properties of 2,3-cyclo
   analogues of 3 beta-(4 '-aminophenyl)-2 beta-tropanemethanol
SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ACID METHYL-ESTERS; LIGAND-BINDING; COCAINE; DOPAMINE; RECEPTORS;
   SEROTONIN; COMFA; QSAR
AB A series of cyclo-3 beta-(4-aminophenyl)-2 beta-tropanemethanol analogues (5a-m) possessing varying linker groups between the 2- and 3-position on the tropane ring were synthesized and evaluated for their monoamine transporter binding properties. The results show that binding to the dopamine and serotonin transporters (DAT and 5-HTT) is highly dependent on the specific linker used. Cyclo-3 beta-(4-aminophenyl)-2 beta-tropanemethanol pimelic acid ester/amide (5b) had an IC50 of 3.8 nM at the DAT. Cyclo-3 beta-(4-aminophenyl)2 beta-tropanemethanol sebacic acid ester/amide (5e) had a K-i of 1.9 nM at the 5-HTT and was 68- and 737-fold selective for the 5-HTT relative to the DAT and NET. Small changes to the size as well as the electrostatic and hydrophobic properties of the 2,3-linker in 5b or 5e led to much less potent analogues at all three transporters. These results suggest that the high affinity for 5b and 5e at the DAT and 5-HTT may be due to their specific conformational properties.
C1 Res Triangle Inst, Ctr Organ & Med Chem, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Carroll, FI (reprint author), Res Triangle Inst, Ctr Organ & Med Chem, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM fic@rti.org
OI Mascarella, Wayne/0000-0003-0092-8178; Deschamps,
   Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010
FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA05477]
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0022-2623
J9 J MED CHEM
JI J. Med. Chem.
PD JUL 27
PY 2006
VL 49
IS 15
BP 4589
EP 4594
DI 10.1021/jm060287w
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Medicinal
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 065EF
UT WOS:000239141500017
PM 16854064
ER

PT J
AU Streltsov, AV
   Marklund, GT
AF Streltsov, A. V.
   Marklund, G. T.
TI Divergent electric fields in downward current channels
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ALFVEN WAVES; AURORAL ARCS; MAGNETOSPHERE; IONOSPHERE; REFLECTION;
   ELECTRODYNAMICS; ACCELERATION; REGION; FREJA
AB [ 1] The results from a numerical study on the formation and dynamics of the localized, diverging perpendicular electric fields found in the nightside auroral magnetosphere are presented. These fields are frequently observed inside the downward magnetic field-aligned current (FAC) channels where the electrons flow upward from the ionosphere. The present study focuses on one particular example of the dynamics of such structures that was recorded by the Cluster spacecrafts on 14 January 2001. Simulations show that the localized, divergent electric fields observed by Cluster can be provided by the interactions between downward FACs and the ionosphere. Conditions promoting the formation of these fields include low ionospheric conductivities and solitary downward current channels. Numerical simulations are used to explain the dynamics of the currents and electric fields observed by the Cluster satellites during this event and also show that such electric fields are not normally detected in the upward current channels.
C1 Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
   Royal Inst Technol, Alfven Lab, Div Plasma Phys, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
RP Streltsov, AV (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM anatoly.streltsov@nrl.navy.mil; marklund@plasma.kth.se
NR 26
TC 18
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD JUL 26
PY 2006
VL 111
IS A7
AR A07204
DI 10.1029/2005JA011196
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 070AE
UT WOS:000239491500002
ER

PT J
AU Ribas-Arino, J
   Baruah, T
   Pederson, MR
AF Ribas-Arino, Jordi
   Baruah, Tunna
   Pederson, Mark R.
TI Toward the control of the magnetic anisotropy of Fe-II cubes: A DFT
   study
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-MOLECULE MAGNETS; HIGH-SPIN MOLECULES; MANGANESE CARBOXYLATE;
   LARGE CLUSTERS; IRON CLUSTER; COMPLEXES; RELAXATION; EXCHANGE; BEHAVIOR;
   SUSCEPTIBILITY
AB We present the results of our all-electron density-functional calculations on the magnetic anisotropy of the [Fe-4(sap)(4)(MeOH)(4)] and [Fe-4(sae)(4)(MeOH)(4)] polynuclear complexes. Our calculations, which predict that only the second complex is a single-molecule magnet (with a magnetic anisotropy energy barrier of 5.6 K), are in qualitative agreement with the experimental data. The analysis of the projected anisotropies of each Fe-II ion, together with a study of the variation of the D value as a function of several geometrical parameters, allows us to qualitatively understand the different magnetic behaviors of both complexes. In addition to this, we also present a simple rule based on the analysis of the molecular orbitals of the system that allows us to predict how to enhance (by a factor of 6, approximately) the magnetic anisotropy barrier of these systems. Specifically, we will show that, for high-spin Fe-II ions, the local easy axis of magnetization is perpendicular to the plane defined by the Fe-II-d orbital which is doubly occupied. If similar rules were found for other metal ions, rational synthetic strategies to control magnetic anisotropy could be established.
C1 Univ Barcelona, Dept Quim Fis, Fac Quim, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
   Univ Barcelona, Ctr Especial Recerca Quim Teor, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
   Univ Texas, Dept Phys, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Ribas-Arino, J (reprint author), Univ Barcelona, Dept Quim Fis, Fac Quim, Av Diagonal 647,Parc Cient, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
EM jribasjr@yahoo.es; pederson@dave.nrl.navy.mil
RI Ribas, Jordi/G-8076-2011
OI Ribas, Jordi/0000-0003-4088-6187
NR 61
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 2
U2 17
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD JUL 26
PY 2006
VL 128
IS 29
BP 9497
EP 9505
DI 10.1021/ja061518r
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 064WL
UT WOS:000239120700065
PM 16848487
ER

PT J
AU Andreas, EL
   Claffey, KJ
   Jordan, RE
   Fairall, CW
   Guest, PS
   Persson, POG
   Grachev, AA
AF Andreas, Edgar L.
   Claffey, Kerry J.
   Jordan, Rachel E.
   Fairall, Christopher W.
   Guest, Peter S.
   Persson, P. Ola G.
   Grachev, Andrey A.
TI Evaluations of the von Karman constant in the atmospheric surface layer
SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
LA English
DT Review
ID GEOSTROPHIC DRAG COEFFICIENTS; STABLE BOUNDARY-LAYER; DRIFTING STATION
   DATA; KANSAS MAST INFLUENCE; WESTERN WEDDELL SEA; TURBULENT PIPE-FLOW;
   VON KARMAN CONSTANT; VONKARMAN CONSTANT; SONIC ANEMOMETER; SCALAR
   TRANSFER
AB The von Karman constant k relates the flow speed profile in a wall-bounded shear flow to the stress at the surface. Recent laboratory studies in aerodynamically smooth flow report k values that cluster around 0.42-0.43 and around 0.37-0.39. Recent data from the atmospheric boundary layer, where the flow is usually aerodynamically rough, are similarly ambiguous: k is often reported to be significantly smaller than the canonical value 0.40, and two recent data sets suggest that k decreases with increasing roughness Reynolds number Re-*. To this discussion, we bring two large atmospheric data sets that suggest k is constant, 0.387 +/- 0.003, for 2 <=(*) Re. <= 100.
   The data come from our yearlong deployment on Arctic sea ice during SHEBA, the experiment to study the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean, and from over 800h of observations over Antarctic sea ice on Ice Station Weddell (ISW). These were superb sites for atmospheric boundary-layer research; they were horizontally homogeneous, uncomplicated by topography, and unobstructed and uniform for hundreds of kilometres in all directions.
   During SHEBA, we instrumented a 20 m tower at five levels between 2 and 18 m with identical sonic anemometer/thermometers and, with these, measured hourly averaged values of the wind speed U(z) and the stress tau(z) at each tower level z. On ISW. we measured the wind-speed profile with propeller anemometers at four heights between 0.5 and 4 m and measured T with a sonic anemometer/thermometer at one height. On invoking strict quality controls, we gleaned 453 hourly U(z) profiles from the SHEBA set and 100 from the ISW set. All of these profiles reflect near-neutral stratification, and each exhibits a logarithmic layer that extends over all sampling heights. By combining these profiles and our measurements of tau, we made 553 independent determinations of k. This is, thus, the largest, most comprehensive atmospheric data set ever used to evaluate the von Karman constant.
C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
   NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
   USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
   Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Andreas, EL (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
OI GRACHEV, ANDREY/0000-0002-7143-0820
NR 108
TC 52
Z9 53
U1 3
U2 17
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0022-1120
EI 1469-7645
J9 J FLUID MECH
JI J. Fluid Mech.
PD JUL 25
PY 2006
VL 559
BP 117
EP 149
DI 10.1017/S0022112006000164
PG 33
WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Mechanics; Physics
GA 074SP
UT WOS:000239832400006
ER

PT J
AU Pettit, CL
   Beran, PS
AF Pettit, CL
   Beran, PS
TI Spectral and multiresolution Wiener expansions of oscillatory stochastic
   processes
SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION
LA English
DT Article
ID SUPERSONIC FLUTTER; POLYNOMIAL CHAOS; UNCERTAINTY; RELIABILITY
AB Wiener chaos expansions are being evaluated for the representation of stochastic variability in the response of nonlinear aeroelastic systems, which often exhibit limit cycles. Preliminary studies with a simple nonlinear aeroelastic computational model have shown that the standard non-intrusive Wiener Hermite expansion fails to maintain time accuracy as the simulation evolves. Wiener-Hermite expansions faithfully reproduce the short-term characteristics of the process but consistently lose energy after several mean periods of oscillation. This energy loss remains even for very high-order expansions. To uncover the cause of this energy loss and to explore potential remedies, the more elementary problem of a sinusoid with random frequency is used herein to simulate the periodic response of an uncertain system. As time progresses, coefficients of the higher order terms in both the Wiener-Hermite and Wiener-Legendre expansions successively gain and lose dominance over the lower-order coefficients in a manner that causes any fixed-order expansion in terms of global basis functions to fail over a simulation time of sufficient duration. This characteristic behavior is attributed to the continually increasing frequency of the process in the random dimension. The recently developed Wiener-Haar expansion is found to almost entirely eliminate the loss of energy at large times, both for the sinusoidal process and for the response of a two degree-of-freedom nonlinear system, which is examined as a prelude to the stochastic simulation of aeroelastic limit cycles. It is also found that Mallat's pyramid algorithm is more efficient and accurate for evaluating Wiener-Haar expansion coefficients than Monte Carlo simulation or numerical quadrature. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 USN Acad, Dept Aerosp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
   USAF, Res Lab, Air Vehicles Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Pettit, CL (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Aerosp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM pettitcl@usna.edu; philip.beran@wpafb.af.mil
RI Pettit, Chris/A-1073-2010
NR 27
TC 55
Z9 57
U1 0
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0022-460X
J9 J SOUND VIB
JI J. Sound Vibr.
PD JUL 25
PY 2006
VL 294
IS 4-5
BP 752
EP 779
DI 10.1016/j.jsv.2005.12.043
PG 28
WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics
GA 054EI
UT WOS:000238359200006
ER

PT J
AU Bernhardt, PA
   Siefring, CL
AF Bernhardt, Paul A.
   Siefring, Carl L.
TI New satellite-based systems for ionospheric tomography and scintillation
   region imaging
SO RADIO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRON-CONTENT; DENSITY
AB The new constellation of radio beacons called Coherent Electromagnetic Radio Tomography (CERTO) will be available for measurements of ionospheric total electron content and radio scintillations. These beacons transmit unmodulated, phase-coherent waves, VHF, UHF, and L band frequencies. A fixed radio of 3/8 is used between successive frequencies. Total electron content (TEC) can be measured using the differential phase technique. The range between beacon and receiver is removed from the phase measurements, leaving a differential phase that is proportional to TEC. The three CERTO frequencies cover a wide range for determination of the radio scintillation effects caused by diffraction after propagation though ionospheric irregularities. All of the CERTO beacons are in low Earth orbit with inclinations ranging from equatorial to polar. Each satellite that carries CERTO has other plasma instruments that complement the beacon data. In addition, a Scintillation and Tomography Receiver in Space (CITRIS) instrument will be placed in orbit to detect signals from the CERTO beacons and from the array of 56 Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellite (DORIS) VHF/S band radio beacons placed around the word by the French Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales. CITRIS will record ionospheric occultations and radio scintillations with a unique occultation and ground-to-space geometry. New algorithms have been developed for the multifrequency CERTO and CITRIS data to provide improved acquisition and analysis of TEC and scintillation data in ionospheric studies. The data from the CERTO constellation of beacons and receivers may be used to update space weather models.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Bernhardt, PA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM bern@ppd.nrl.navy.mil
NR 23
TC 42
Z9 43
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0048-6604
J9 RADIO SCI
JI Radio Sci.
PD JUL 25
PY 2006
VL 41
IS 5
AR RS5S23
DI 10.1029/2005RS003360
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
GA 070AI
UT WOS:000239491900001
ER

PT J
AU Gordon, DF
   Ting, A
   Alexeev, I
   Fischer, R
   Sprangle, P
   Kapetenakos, CA
   Zigler, A
AF Gordon, Daniel F.
   Ting, Antonio
   Alexeev, Ilya
   Fischer, Richard
   Sprangle, Phillip
   Kapetenakos, Christos A.
   Zigler, Arie
TI Tunable, high peak power terahertz radiation from optical rectification
   of a short modulated laser pulse
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID FIELD-RESOLVED DETECTION; GENERATION
AB A new way of generating high peak power terahertz radiation using ultra-short pulse lasers is demonstrated. The optical pulse from a titanium: sapphire laser system is stretched and modulated using a spatial filtering technique to produce a several picosecond long pulse modulated at the terahertz frequency. A collinear type II phase matched interaction is realized via angle tuning in a gallium selenide crystal. Peak powers of at least 1.5 kW are produced in a 5 mm thick crystal, and tunability is demonstrated between 0.7 and 2.0 THz. Simulations predict that 150 kW of peak power can be produced in a 5 mm thick crystal. The technique also allows for control of the terahertz bandwidth. (c) 2006 Optical Society of America.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   NRC Post Doc, NRL, Towson, MD USA.
   Leading Edge Technol Corp, Washington, DC 20007 USA.
   Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel.
RP Gordon, DF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM daniel.gordon@nrl.navy.mil
RI zigler, arie/C-2667-2012
NR 12
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 4
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JUL 24
PY 2006
VL 14
IS 15
BP 6813
EP 6822
DI 10.1364/OE.14.006813
PG 10
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 067ZW
UT WOS:000239342300026
PM 19516863
ER

PT J
AU Lu, Q
   Copper, CL
   Collins, GE
AF Lu, Qin
   Copper, Christine L.
   Collins, Greg E.
TI Ultraviolet absorbance detection of colchicine and related alkaloids on
   a capillary electrophoresis microchip
SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
DE colchicine; alkaloids; ultraviolet absorbance; microchip; capillary
   electrophoresis
ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DEVICES; CELL;
   SEPARATION
AB The separation and UV absorbance detection of four toxic alkaloids, colchicine, thiocolchicine, colchicoside, and thiocolchicoside, on a microchip-based capillary electrophoresis device are reported. To increase the sensitivity of UV absorbance detection, optical cells with extended path lengths were integrated into the separation channel during the microfabrication process. The absorbance values realized on the microchip using these optical cells were proportional to the increase in average depths according to the Beer-Lambert Law, resulting in sensitivity enhancements by as much as five times. Linearity of response was observed from 5.0 to 500 mg L-1 of colchicine, with detection limits ranging from 2 to 6 mg L-1 depending upon the specific alkaloid and the dimension of the optical cell. The extraction of colchicine from spiked milk samples was performed and an average recovery rate of 83% with a relative standard deviation of 3.8% was determined using the optimized conditions on the microchip. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Collins, GE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave,SW,Code 6112, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM greg.collins@nrl.navy.mil
NR 20
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0003-2670
J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA
JI Anal. Chim. Acta
PD JUL 21
PY 2006
VL 572
IS 2
BP 205
EP 211
DI 10.1016/j.aca.2006.05.039
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 066MX
UT WOS:000239234900006
PM 17723479
ER

PT J
AU Kanekar, N
   Subrahmanyan, R
   Ellison, SL
   Lane, WM
   Chengalur, JN
AF Kanekar, N.
   Subrahmanyan, R.
   Ellison, S. L.
   Lane, W. M.
   Chengalur, J. N.
TI H I 21 cm absorption at z similar to 2.347 towards PKS B0438-436
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: ISM; radio lines: galaxies
AB We report the detection of redshifted H I 21-cm absorption in the z similar to 2.347 damped Lyman alpha absorber (DLA) towards PKS B0438-436 with the Green Bank Telescope. This is the secondhighest redshift at which 21-cm absorption has been detected in a DLA. The absorption extends over similar to 60 km s(-1) and has two distinct components, at z = 2.347 477(12) and z = 2.347 869(20). A similar velocity structure is seen in optical metal lines, although the peak absorption here is offset by similar to 11 km s(-1) from the peak in the 21-cm line. We obtain a high spin temperature T(s) similar to (886 +/- 248) x(f /0.58) K, using a covering factor estimated from 2.3-GHz very long baseline interferometry data. However, the current data cannot rule out a low spin temperature. The non-detection of CO 3-2 absorption places the upper limit N(CO) < 3.8 x 10(15) (T(x)/10) cm(-2) on the CO column density.
C1 [Kanekar, N.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
   [Subrahmanyan, R.; Chengalur, J. N.] Australia Telescope Natl Facil, CSIRO, Narrabri, NSW 2390, Australia.
   [Ellison, S. L.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8P 1A1, Canada.
   [Lane, W. M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   [Chengalur, J. N.] Natl Ctr Radio Astrophys, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India.
RP Kanekar, N (reprint author), Natl Radio Astron Observ, 1003 Lopezville Rd, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
EM nkanekar@aoc.nrao.edu; rsubrahm@rri.res.in; sarae@uvic.ca;
   wendy.peters@nrl.navy.mil; chengalu@ncra.tifr.res.in
RI Astronomy & Astrophysics Group, Raman Res Institute/D-4046-2012;
   Subrahmanyan, Ravi/D-4889-2012
FU Office of Naval Research; Commonwealth of Australia; National Science
   Foundation
FX We thank Bob Garwood for much help with the AIPS++ data analysis and
   Carl Bignell and Toney Minter for help with the GBT observations. Basic
   research in radio astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is funded
   by the Office of Naval Research. The NRAO is operated by Associated
   Universities, Inc., under cooperative agreement with the National
   Science Foundation. The ATCA is part of the Australia Telescope, funded
   by the Commonwealth of Australia for operation as a National Facility
   managed by CSIRO.
NR 29
TC 35
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD JUL 21
PY 2006
VL 370
IS 1
BP L46
EP L50
DI 10.1111/j.1745-3933.2006.00186.x
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA V12PG
UT WOS:000207610500011
ER

PT J
AU Greilich, A
   Yakovlev, DR
   Shabaev, A
   Efros, AL
   Yugova, IA
   Oulton, R
   Stavarache, V
   Reuter, D
   Wieck, A
   Bayer, M
AF Greilich, A.
   Yakovlev, D. R.
   Shabaev, A.
   Efros, Al. L.
   Yugova, I. A.
   Oulton, R.
   Stavarache, V.
   Reuter, D.
   Wieck, A.
   Bayer, M.
TI Mode locking of electron spin coherences in singly charged quantum dots
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
AB The fast dephasing of electron spins in an ensemble of quantum dots is detrimental for applications in quantum information processing. We show here that dephasing can be overcome by using a periodic train of light pulses to synchronize the phases of the precessing spins, and we demonstrate this effect in an ensemble of singly charged ( In, Ga) As/GaAs quantum dots. This mode locking leads to constructive interference of contributions to Faraday rotation and presents potential applications based on robust quantum coherence within an ensemble of dots.
C1 Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
   AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   George Mason Univ, Sch Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
   St Petersburg State Univ, Inst Phys, St Petersburg 198504, Russia.
   Ruhr Univ Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
RP Yakovlev, DR (reprint author), Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
EM efros@dave.nrl.navy.mil; manfred.bayer@physik.unidortmund.de
RI Greilich, Alex/A-8927-2009; Yugova, Irina/F-6823-2011; 
OI Yugova, Irina/0000-0003-0020-3679; Wieck, Andreas
   Dirk/0000-0001-9776-2922
NR 18
TC 289
Z9 289
U1 5
U2 37
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD JUL 21
PY 2006
VL 313
IS 5785
BP 341
EP 345
DI 10.1126/science.1128215
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 065IV
UT WOS:000239154300041
PM 16857937
ER

PT J
AU Craig, SE
   Lohrenz, SE
   Lee, ZP
   Mahoney, KL
   Kirkpatrick, GJ
   Schofield, OM
   Steward, RG
AF Craig, Susanne E.
   Lohrenz, Steven E.
   Lee, Zhongping
   Mahoney, Kevin L.
   Kirkpatrick, Gary J.
   Schofield, Oscar M.
   Steward, Robert G.
TI Use of hyperspectral remote sensing reflectance for detection and
   assessment of the harmful alga, Karenia brevis
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; OCEAN COLOR; ABSORPTION-COEFFICIENTS; SPECTRAL
   ABSORPTION; GYMNODINIUM BREVE; BLOOMS; PHYTOPLANKTON; SIGNATURES;
   IMAGERY
AB We applied two numerical methods to in situ hyperspectral measurements of remote sensing reflectance R-rs to assess the feasibility of remote detection and monitoring of the toxic dinoflagellate, Karenia brevis, which has been shown to exhibit unique absorption properties. First, an existing quasi-analytical algorithm was used to invert remote sensing reflectance spectra, R-rs(lambda), to derive phytoplankton absorption spectra, alpha(Rrs)(phi)(lambda). Second, the fourth derivatives of the a alpha(Rrs)(phi)(lambda) spectra were compared to the fourth derivative of a reference K. brevis absorption spectrum by means of a similarity index (SI) analysis. Comparison of reflectance-derived a. with filter pad measured a, found them to agree well (R-2 = 0.891; average percentage difference, 22.8%). A strong correlation (R-2 = 0.743) between surface cell concentration and the SI was observed, showing the potential utility of SI magnitude as an indicator of bloom strength. A sensitivity analysis conducted to investigate the effects of varying levels of cell concentrations and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) on the efficacy of the quasi-analytical algorithm and SI found that alpha(Rrs)(phi)(lambda) could not be derived for very low cell concentrations and that, although it is possible to derive aR"(X) in the presence of high CDOM concentrations, CDOM levels influence the alpha(Rrs)(phi)(lambda) amplitude and shape. Results suggest that detection and mapping of K. brevis blooms based on hyperspectral measurements of R-rs are feasible.
C1 Univ So Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
   Naval Oceanog Off, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
   Mote Marine Lab, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA.
   Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
   Florida Environm Res Inst, Tampa, FL 33611 USA.
RP Craig, SE (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, 1020 Balch Blvd,MS 39529, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM susanne.craig@dal.ca
OI Lohrenz, Steven/0000-0003-3811-2975; schofield,
   oscar/0000-0003-2359-4131
NR 38
TC 39
Z9 42
U1 3
U2 12
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD JUL 20
PY 2006
VL 45
IS 21
BP 5414
EP 5425
DI 10.1364/AO.45.005414
PG 12
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 065TE
UT WOS:000239181600035
PM 16826278
ER

PT J
AU Rodriguez, C
   Taylor, GB
   Zavala, RT
   Peck, AB
   Pollack, LK
   Romani, RW
AF Rodriguez, C.
   Taylor, G. B.
   Zavala, R. T.
   Peck, A. B.
   Pollack, L. K.
   Romani, R. W.
TI A compact supermassive binary black hole system
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : active; galaxies : individual (0402+379); radio continuum :
   galaxies; radio lines : galaxies
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; HOBBY-EBERLY TELESCOPE; GRAVITATIONAL-RADIATION;
   OPTICAL IDENTIFICATIONS; VLA OBSERVATIONS; SOURCE COUNTS; 5 GHZ; RADIO;
   CATALOG; MODELS
AB We report on the discovery of a supermassive binary black hole system in the radio galaxy 0402+379, with a projected separation between the two black holes of just 7.3 pc. This is the closest black hole pair yet found by more than 2 orders of magnitude. These results are based on recent multifrequency observations using the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA), which reveal two compact, variable, flat-spectrum, active nuclei within the elliptical host galaxy of 0402+379. Multiepoch observations from the VLBA also provide constraints on the total mass and dynamics of the system. Low spectral resolution spectroscopy using the Hobby-Eberly Telescope indicates two velocity systems with a combined mass of the two black holes of similar to 1.5 x 10(8) M-circle dot. The two nuclei appear stationary, while the jets emanating from the weaker of the two nuclei appear to move out and terminate in bright hot spots. The discovery of this system has implications for the number of close binary black holes that might be sources of gravitational radiation. Green Bank Telescope observations at 22 GHz to search for water masers in this interesting system are also presented.
C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
   Univ Simon Bolivar, Dept Phys, Sartenejas, Venezuela.
   Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
   USN Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
   Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, SMA Project, Hilo, HI 96721 USA.
   Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
   Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Rodriguez, C (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
RI Zavala, Robert/D-7821-2011
OI Zavala, Robert/0000-0002-9402-2870
NR 37
TC 163
Z9 163
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUL 20
PY 2006
VL 646
IS 1
BP 49
EP 60
DI 10.1086/504825
PN 1
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 072AL
UT WOS:000239644900006
ER

PT J
AU Panagia, N
   Van Dyk, SD
   Weiler, KW
   Sramek, RA
   Stockdale, CJ
   Murata, KP
AF Panagia, Nino
   Van Dyk, Schuyler D.
   Weiler, Kurt W.
   Sramek, Richard A.
   Stockdale, Christopher J.
   Murata, Kimberly P.
TI A search for radio emission from Type Ia supernovae
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE binaries : close; binaries : symbiotic; radio continuum : stars; stars :
   mass loss; supernovae : general; white dwarfs
ID RAPID PRESUPERNOVA EVOLUTION; SYMBIOTIC-STAR PROGENITOR; WHITE-DWARF
   MODELS; RECURRENT NOVAE; LIGHT CURVES; RS OPHIUCHI; PHOTOMETRY;
   ULTRAVIOLET; BINARIES; SPECTRUM
AB We present and discuss the radio observations of 27 Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), observed over two decades with the Very Large Array. No SN Ia has been detected so far in the radio, implying a very low density for any possible circumstellar material established by the progenitor, or progenitor system, before explosion. We derive 2 sigma upper limits to a steady mass-loss rate for individual SN systems as low as similar to 3 x 10(-8) M(circle dot) yr(-1), which argues strongly against white dwarf accretion via a stellar wind from a massive binary companion in the symbiotic star, an example of the "single-degenerate'' scenario. However, a white dwarf accreting from a relatively low mass companion via a sufficiently high efficiency (> 60%-80%) Roche lobe overflow is still consistent with our limits. The "double-degenerate'' merger scenario also cannot be excluded.
C1 Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
   Ist Nazl Astrofis, Rome, Italy.
   CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
   Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
RP Panagia, N (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
EM panagia@stsci.edu; vandyk@ipac.caltech.edu; kurt.weiler@nrl.navy.mil;
   dsramek@nrao.edu; christopher.stockdale@marquette.edu; kpm1@cornell.edu
OI Van Dyk, Schuyler/0000-0001-9038-9950
NR 57
TC 62
Z9 62
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUL 20
PY 2006
VL 646
IS 1
BP 369
EP 377
DI 10.1086/504710
PN 1
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 072AL
UT WOS:000239644900031
ER

PT J
AU Raghavan, D
   Henry, TJ
   Mason, BD
   Hambly, NC
AF Raghavan, Deepak
   Henry, Todd J.
   Mason, Brian D.
   Hambly, Nigel C.
TI Two suns in the sky: Stellar multiplicity in exoplanet systems
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE binaries : general; planetary systems; surveys
ID EXTRA-SOLAR PLANETS; ICCD SPECKLE OBSERVATIONS; CORALIE ECHELLE
   SPECTROGRAPH; PROBLEM HIPPARCOS BINARIES; PROPER MOTION STARS;
   MULTI-ORDER TODCOR; LOW-MASS COMPANION; NEARBY STARS; BROWN DWARF;
   STATISTICAL PROPERTIES
AB We present results of a reconnaissance for stellar companions to all 131 radial velocity-detected candidate extrasolar planetary systems known as of 2005 July 1. Common proper-motion companions were investigated using the multiepoch STScI Digitized Sky Surveys and confirmed by matching the trigonometric parallax distances of the primaries to companion distances estimated photometrically. We also attempt to confirm or refute companions listed in the Washington Double Star Catalog, in the Catalogs of Nearby Stars Series by Gliese and Jahrei beta, in Hipparcos results, and in Duquennoy & Mayor's radial velocity survey. Our findings indicate that a lower limit of 30 (23%) of the 131 exoplanet systems have stellar companions. We report new stellar companions to HD 38529 and HD 188015 and a new candidate companion to HD 169830. We confirm many previously reported stellar companions, including six stars in five systems, that are recognized for the first time as companions to exoplanet hosts. We have found evidence that 20 entries in the Washington Double Star Catalog are not gravitationally bound companions. At least three (HD 178911, 16 Cyg B, and HD 219449), and possibly five (including HD 41004 and HD 38529), of the exoplanet systems reside in triple-star systems. Three exoplanet systems (GJ 86, HD 41004, and gamma Cep) have potentially close-in stellar companions, with planets at roughly Mercury-Mars distances from the host star and stellar companions at projected separations of similar to 20 AU, similar to the Sun-Uranus distance. Finally, two of the exoplanet systems contain white dwarf companions. This comprehensive assessment of exoplanet systems indicates that solar systems are found in a variety of stellar multiplicity environments-singles, binaries, and triples-and that planets survive the post-main-sequence evolution of companion stars.
C1 Georgia State Univ, Ctr High Angular Resolut Astron, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA.
   Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA.
   USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA.
   Univ Edinburgh, Sch Phys, Inst Astron, Royal Observ, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland.
RP Raghavan, D (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Ctr High Angular Resolut Astron, POB 4106, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA.
EM raghavan@chara.gsu.edu
NR 109
TC 127
Z9 127
U1 0
U2 8
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUL 20
PY 2006
VL 646
IS 1
BP 523
EP 542
DI 10.1086/504823
PN 1
PG 20
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 072AL
UT WOS:000239644900045
ER

PT J
AU Apple, JK
   del Giorgi, PA
   Kemp, WM
AF Apple, Jude K.
   del Giorgi, P. A.
   Kemp, W. Michael
TI Temperature regulation of bacterial production, respiration, and growth
   efficiency in a temperate salt-marsh estuary
SO AQUATIC MICROBIAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE bacterioplankton; temperature; growth; estuary
ID CHESAPEAKE BAY; HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA; ORGANIC-MATTER;
   SEASONAL-CHANGES; COASTAL WATERS; SPRING BLOOM; BACTERIOPLANKTON; LAKE;
   PHYTOPLANKTON; ABUNDANCE
AB There is consensus that temperature plays a major role in shaping microbial activity, but there are still questions as to how temperature influences different aspects of bacterioplankton carbon metabolism under different environmental conditions. We examined the temperature dependence of bacterioplankton carbon metabolism, whether this temperature dependence changes at different temperatures, and whether the relationship between temperature and carbon metabolism varies among estuarine sub-systems differing in their degree of enrichment. Two years of intensive sampling in a temperate estuary (Monie Bay, Chesapeake Bay, USA) revealed significant differences in the temperature dependence of bacterial production (BP) and respiration (BR), which drove a strong negative temperature response of bacterial growth efficiency (BGE). Accordingly, BGE was lower in summer (< 0.2) and higher in winter (> 0.5). For all measured metabolic processes, the most pronounced temperature response was observed at lower temperatures, with Q(10) values generally 2-f old greater than in warmer waters. Despite significant differences in resource availability, both the temperature dependence and magnitude of BR and bacterioplankton carbon consumption (BCC) were remarkably similar among the 4 estuarine sub-systems. Although temperature dependencies of BP and BGE were also similar, their magnitude differed significantly, with highest values in the nutrient-enriched sub-system and lowest in the open bay. This pattern in carbon metabolism among subsystems was present throughout the year and was confirmed by temperature manipulation experiments, suggesting the temperature effects on BP and BGE did not override the influence of resource availability, We conclude that temperature is the dominant factor regulating seasonality of BR and BCC in this system, whereas BP and BGE are influenced by both temperature and organic matter quality, with variation in the relative importance of each of these factors throughout the year.
C1 Univ Maryland, Horn Point Environm Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Univ Quebec, Dept Biol Sci, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada.
RP Apple, JK (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Horn Point Environm Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA.
EM jude.apple@nrl.navy.mil
RI kemp, Michael/F-9955-2013
NR 62
TC 90
Z9 96
U1 7
U2 41
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0948-3055
J9 AQUAT MICROB ECOL
JI Aquat. Microb. Ecol.
PD JUL 19
PY 2006
VL 43
IS 3
BP 243
EP 254
DI 10.3354/ame043243
PG 12
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
   Microbiology
GA 074FC
UT WOS:000239797100004
ER

PT J
AU Delehanty, JB
   Medintz, IL
   Pons, T
   Brunel, FM
   Dawson, PE
   Mattoussi, H
AF Delehanty, James B.
   Medintz, Igor L.
   Pons, Thomas
   Brunel, Florence M.
   Dawson, Philip E.
   Mattoussi, Hedi
TI Self-assembled quantum dot-peptide bioconjugates for selective
   intracellular delivery
SO BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; CELL-PENETRATING PEPTIDES; ARGININE-RICH
   PEPTIDES; TAT-FUSION PROTEINS; LIVING CELLS; LIVE CELLS; LONG-TERM;
   NANOCRYSTALS; ENDOCYTOSIS; TOXICITY
AB We demonstrate the use of self-assembled luminescent semiconductor quantum dot (QD)-peptide bioconjugates for the selective intracellular labeling of several eukaryotic cell lines. A bifunctional oligoarginine cell penetrating peptide (based on the HIV-1 Tat protein motif) bearing a terminal polyhistidine tract was synthesized and used to facilitate the transmembrane delivery of the QD bioconjugates. The polyhistidine sequence allows the peptide to self-assemble onto the QD surface via metal-affinity interactions while the oligoarginine sequence allows specific QD delivery across the cellular membrane and intracellular labeling as compared to nonconjugated QDs. This peptide-driven delivery is concentration-dependent and thus can be titrated. Upon internalization, QDs display a punctate-like staining pattern in which some, but not all, of the QD signal is colocalized within endosomes. The effects of constant versus limited exposure to QD-peptide conjugates on cellular viability are evaluated by a metabolic specific assay, and clear differences in cytotoxicity are observed. The efficacy of using peptides for selective intracellular delivery is highlighted by performing a multicolor QD labeling, where we found that the presence or absence of peptide on the QD surface controls cellular uptake.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Scripps Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
   Scripps Res Inst, Dept Chem, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
   Scripps Res Inst, Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
   Johns Hopkins Univ, Chem & Biomol Engn Dept, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RP Delehanty, JB (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM jdelehanty@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil; hedimat@ccs.nrl.navy.mil
RI Pons, Thomas/A-8667-2008
OI Pons, Thomas/0000-0001-8800-4302
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM059380, GM06619, R01 GM059380-08]
NR 52
TC 200
Z9 208
U1 4
U2 56
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1043-1802
J9 BIOCONJUGATE CHEM
JI Bioconjugate Chem.
PD JUL 19
PY 2006
VL 17
IS 4
BP 920
EP 927
DI 10.1021/bc060044i
PG 8
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology;
   Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Organic
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 064WJ
UT WOS:000239120500009
PM 16848398
ER

PT J
AU Marmorino, GO
   Smith, GB
AF Marmorino, G. O.
   Smith, G. B.
TI Reduction of surface temperature in ocean slicks
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-STREAM; LAYER
AB Airborne infrared imagery collected over the ocean reveals slicks that are 0.1 degrees to nearly 0.4 degrees C cooler than the surrounding water surface. These thermal contrasts are analyzed within a framework of surfactant - turbulence interaction. Slicks are shown to be a potential source of error in the remote retrieval of sea surface temperature, but a slick's thermal contrast is also a potential source of information about the ambient thermal boundary layer.
C1 USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Marmorino, GO (reprint author), USN, Remote Sensing Div, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM marmorino@nrl.navy.mil
NR 15
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 19
PY 2006
VL 33
IS 14
AR L14603
DI 10.1029/2006GL026502
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 071DB
UT WOS:000239577100006
ER

PT J
AU Gates, TM
   Gessler, EM
AF Gates, Trina M.
   Gessler, Eric M.
TI Soft tissue mass over right brow
SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID DERMOID CYST
C1 USN, Aerosp Med Inst, Pensacola, FL 32508 USA.
   Naval Hosp Camp Lejeune, Jacksonville, NC 28546 USA.
RP Gates, TM (reprint author), USN, Aerosp Med Inst, Pensacola, FL 32508 USA.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS
PI KANSAS CITY
PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA
SN 0002-838X
J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN
JI Am. Fam. Physician
PD JUL 15
PY 2006
VL 74
IS 2
BP 317
EP 318
PG 2
WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 065VH
UT WOS:000239187500007
PM 16883930
ER

PT J
AU Sundaresh, S
   Doolan, DL
   Hirst, S
   Mu, YX
   Unal, B
   Davies, DH
   Felgner, PL
   Baldi, P
AF Sundaresh, Suman
   Doolan, Denise L.
   Hirst, Siddiqua
   Mu, Yunxiang
   Unal, Berkay
   Davies, D. Huw
   Felgner, Philip L.
   Baldi, Pierre
TI Identification of humoral immune responses in protein microarrays using
   DNA microarray data analysis techniques
SO BIOINFORMATICS
LA English
DT Article
ID HUMAN MALARIA PARASITE; GLOBAL GENE-EXPRESSION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI K12;
   PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; SEQUENCE; DISCOVERY; FRAMEWORK; VACCINES;
   ANTIGEN; MODEL
AB Motivation: We present a study of antigen expression signals from a newly developed high-throughput protein microarray technique. These signals are a measure of antibody-antigen binding activity and provide a basis for understanding humoral immune responses to various infectious agents and supporting vaccine and diagnostic development.
   Results: We investigate the characteristics of these expression profiles and show that noise models, normalization, variance estimation and differential expression analysis techniques developed in the context of DNA microarray analysis can be adapted and applied to these protein arrays. Using a high-dimensional dataset containing measurements of expression profiles of antibody reactivity against each protein (295 antigens and 9 controls) in 42 malaria (Plasmodium falciparum) protein arrays derived from 22 donors with various clinical presentations of malaria, we present a methodology for the analysis and identification of significantly expressed antigens targeted by immune responses for individual sera, groups of sera and across stages of infection. We also conduct a short study highlighting the top immunoreactive antigens where we identify three novel high priority antigens for future evaluation.
C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Informat & Comp Sci, Irvine, CA USA.
   Univ Calif Irvine, Inst Gen & Bioinformat, Irvine, CA USA.
   Univ Calif Irvine, Ctr Virus Res, Irvine, CA USA.
   Natl Naval Med Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
   Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD USA.
RP Baldi, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Informat & Comp Sci, Irvine, CA USA.
EM pfbaidi@uci.edu
RI Doolan, Denise/F-1969-2015; Mu, Yunxiang/H-3538-2015
OI Mu, Yunxiang/0000-0001-9754-2129
FU NIAID NIH HHS [1U01AI061363-01, U01AI056464]; NLM NIH HHS [5T15LM007743]
NR 25
TC 68
Z9 69
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1367-4803
J9 BIOINFORMATICS
JI Bioinformatics
PD JUL 15
PY 2006
VL 22
IS 14
BP 1760
EP 1766
DI 10.1093/bioinformatics/btl162
PG 7
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
   Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical &
   Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
   Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics
GA 073EN
UT WOS:000239725900012
PM 16644788
ER

PT J
AU Ngundi, MM
   Taitt, CR
   Ligler, FS
AF Ngundi, Miriam M.
   Taitt, Chris R.
   Ligler, Frances S.
TI Simultaneous determination of kinetic parameters for the binding of
   cholera toxin to immobilized sialic acid and monoclonal antibody using
   an array biosensor
SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE cholera toxin; N-Acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac); antibody; kinetics;
   binding constants; array biosensor
ID SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; CARBOHYDRATE-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS;
   GANGLIOSIDE-BINDING; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; TETANUS TOXIN; MICROARRAYS;
   SPECIFICITY; RECEPTORS; FRAGMENT; AFFINITY
AB Interactions between protein toxins and carbohydrate receptors are often semi-selective processes and the kinetic parameters that define the binding of a receptor to different toxins may vary with each interaction. In this study, we have determined the affinity constants for binding of cholera toxin (CT) to immobilized sialic acid and to anti-CT antibody (as a simultaneous reference) by measuring real-time binding processes using an array biosensor. N-Acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), a member of the sialic acid family, was covalently immobilized onto maleimide-activated planar waveguides. via a thiol-terminated linker attached to the anomeric carbon of the sugar. Control antibodies were immobilized using two different approaches: covalent attachment onto maleimide-activated slides via the thiol on cysteine residues and non-covalent attachment using a biotin-NeutrAvidin linkage. Cy5-labeled CT was flowed over the immobilized receptors and the fluorescent intensity of the bound CT-receptor complex was recorded as a function of time: The association constants for CT binding to covalently attached Neu5Ac, to covalently attached anti-CT monoclonal antibody, and to antibody tethered by biotin-NeutrAvidin interactions were determined to be 1.3 x 10(8), 2.1 x 10(8) and 5.7 x 10(8) M-1, respectively. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Ligler, FS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM fligler@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil
FU NIBIB NIH HHS [EB000680]
NR 34
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
PI OXFORD
PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON,
   OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0956-5663
J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON
JI Biosens. Bioelectron.
PD JUL 15
PY 2006
VL 22
IS 1
BP 124
EP 130
DI 10.1016/j.bios.2005.12.007
PG 7
WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical;
   Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry;
   Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 091PK
UT WOS:000241040600017
PM 16431098
ER

PT J
AU Teneza-Mora, NC
   Lavery, EA
   Chun, HM
AF Teneza-Mora, NC
   Lavery, EA
   Chun, HM
TI Partial small bowel obstruction in a traveler
SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID INTESTINAL-OBSTRUCTION
C1 USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Chun, HM (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
EM HMChun@NMCSD.med.navy.mil
NR 6
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 1058-4838
J9 CLIN INFECT DIS
JI Clin. Infect. Dis.
PD JUL 15
PY 2006
VL 43
IS 2
BP 214
EP +
PG 4
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 053WY
UT WOS:000238338000014
PM 16783894
ER

PT J
AU Peterson, RL
   Hobart, KD
   Yin, H
   Kub, FJ
   Sturm, JC
AF Peterson, R. L.
   Hobart, K. D.
   Yin, H.
   Kub, F. J.
   Sturm, J. C.
TI Maximizing uniaxial tensile strain in large-area silicon-on-insulator
   islands on compliant substrates
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SIGE ISLANDS; RELAXATION; OXIDE
AB Recently we have demonstrated a process for generating uniaxial tensile strain in silicon. In this work, we generate uniaxially strained silicon and anisotropically strained silicon germanium on insulator with strain in both < 100 > and < 110 > in-plane directions. The strain is uniform over fairly large areas, and relaxed silicon-germanium alloy buffers are not used. The magnitude of uniaxial strain generated by the process is very dependent on the in-plane crystal direction, and can be modeled accurately using the known mechanical properties of silicon and germanium. A maximum uniaxial silicon strain of 1.0% in the < 100 > direction is achieved. Numerical simulations of the dynamic strain generation process are used to identify process windows for achieving maximum uniaxial silicon strain for different structural geometries. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton Inst Sci & Technol Mat, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
   Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Peterson, RL (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England.
EM rlp38@cam.ac.uk
NR 19
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JUL 15
PY 2006
VL 100
IS 2
AR 023537
DI 10.1063/1.2210810
PG 9
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 069CR
UT WOS:000239423400062
ER

PT J
AU Hari, P
   Adair, J
   Tolk, N
   Sanghera, J
   Aggarwal, I
AF Hari, P.
   Adair, J.
   Tolk, N.
   Sanghera, J.
   Aggarwal, I.
TI Infrared laser ablation of glassy As2Se3
SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st Conference on Advances in Optical Materials (AIOM)
CY OCT 12-15, 2005
CL Tucson, AZ
SP Univ Arizona, Raytheon Co
DE infra-red fibers; chalcogenides; lasers
AB In this study, we report the first measurements of wavelength and pulse length dependence of ablation thresholds in glassy As2Se3. Ablation yields, obtained from time-of-flight spectra were compared to laser intensity curves to obtain laser ablation thresholds. The wavelength dependence of the ablation thresholds were obtained by tuning the Vanderbilt-Keck free electron laser in the range of 3.2-5 mu m. Pulse dependence of the ablation thresholds were obtained with a 5 mu s macropulse in the wavelength range 3.2-5 mu m and with macropulses ranging from 200 to 1000 ns at the wavelength of 3.5 mu m. The wavelength dependence of the ablation threshold did not indicate that impurity absorption was a major factor in the ablation process in glassy As2Se3. The ablation threshold decreased with wavelengths corresponding to higher photon energies. In addition, a sharp increase in ablation threshold was observed with decrease in the macropulse length. Optical images of ablation craters at intensities above the threshold reveal significant melting on the sample surface. We will discuss the wavelength and pulse length dependence of the laser ablation threshold in glassy As2Se3 in terms of a multi-photon process and a cumulative heating process. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Tulsa, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA.
   Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Hari, P (reprint author), Univ Tulsa, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA.
EM hari@utulsa.edu
NR 8
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3093
J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS
JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids
PD JUL 15
PY 2006
VL 352
IS 23-25
BP 2430
EP 2433
DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2006.03.044
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 064SU
UT WOS:000239110200033
ER

PT J
AU Stevenson, K
   Ferer, M
   Bromhal, GS
   Gump, J
   Wilder, J
   Smith, DH
AF Stevenson, K
   Ferer, M
   Bromhal, GS
   Gump, J
   Wilder, J
   Smith, DH
TI 2-D network model simulations of miscible two-phase flow displacements
   in porous media: Effects of heterogeneity and viscosity
SO PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE miscible drainage; heterogeneity; viscous fingering; pore-level modeling
ID CAPILLARY TUBE NETWORKS; RESERVOIR PERFORMANCE; DRAINAGE
AB There are long-standing uncertainties regarding the relative significance of the role of porous medium heterogeneities vs. the role of fluid properties in determining the efficiencies of various strategies for fluid injection into porous media. In this paper, we study both the role of heterogeneities and of viscosity ratio in determining the characteristics of miscible, two-phase flow in two-dimensional (2-D) porous media. Not surprisingly, we find that both are significant in determining the flow characteristics. For a variety of statistical distributions of pore-throat radii, we find that the coefficient of variation (the ratio of the standard deviation of the radii to their mean) is a reliable predictor of the injected fluid saturation as well as the width of the interfacial region. Consistent with earlier results, we find that viscosity ratio causes a crossover from fractal viscous fingering to standard compact flow at a characteristic crossover time which varies inversely with viscosity ratio. The studies in this paper show that the power law relating characteristic time to viscosity ratio does not depend upon the distribution of pore-throat radii or upon the connectivity (coordination number) of the medium each of which affects the porosity; this suggests that the power law may be entirely independent of the structure of the porous medium. This power law relationship leads to a robust dependence of the flow properties upon a particular ratio of the saturation to a given power of the viscosity ratio. This dependence is reminiscent of the empirical "quarter power mixing rule" in three dimensions. As such, this work provides a physical understanding of the origin and limitations of this empirical mixing rule. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
   US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
   W Virginia Univ, Dept Stat, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
   Dana Farber Canc Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
   USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Res & Technol Dept, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
RP Ferer, M (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
EM mferer@wvu.edu
NR 26
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-4371
J9 PHYSICA A
JI Physica A
PD JUL 15
PY 2006
VL 367
BP 7
EP 24
DI 10.1016/j.physa.2005.12.009
PG 18
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 052MB
UT WOS:000238236700002
ER

PT J
AU Burke, AA
   Carreiro, LG
AF Burke, A. Alan
   Carreiro, Louis G.
TI System modeling of an air-independent solid oxide fuel cell system for
   unmanned undersea vehicles
SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE unmanned underwater vehicle; unmanned undersea vehicle; thermal
   management; air-independent fuel cell
ID SOFC; RADIATION
AB To examine the feasibility of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)-powered unmanned undersea vehicle (UUV), a system level analysis is presented that projects a possible integration of the SOFC stack, fuel steam reformer, fuel/oxidant storage and balance of plant components into a 21-in. diameter UUV platform. Heavy hydrocarbon fuel (dodecane) and liquid oxygen (LOX) are chosen as the preferred reactants. A maximum efficiency of 45% based on the lower heating value of dodecane was calculated for a system that provides 2.5 kW for 40 h. Heat sources and sinks have been coupled to show viable means of thermal management. The critical design issues involve proper recycling of exhaust steam from the fuel cell back into the reformer and effective use of the SOFC stack radiant heat for steam reformation of the hydrocarbon fuel. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
RP Burke, AA (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, 1176 Howell St Bldg 1302-2, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
EM burkeaa@npt.nuwc.navy.mil; carreirolg@npt.nuwc.navy.mil
NR 15
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 6
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-7753
J9 J POWER SOURCES
JI J. Power Sources
PD JUL 14
PY 2006
VL 158
IS 1
BP 428
EP 435
DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.09.042
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials
   Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA 062SG
UT WOS:000238964200050
ER

PT J
AU Zutic, I
   Fabian, J
   Erwin, SC
AF Zutic, Igor
   Fabian, Jaroslav
   Erwin, Steven C.
TI Spin injection and detection in silicon
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEMICONDUCTORS; SI; HETEROSTRUCTURES; SPINTRONICS; TRANSPORT; JUNCTIONS;
   DEVICES; ALLOYS
AB Spin injection and detection in silicon is a difficult problem, in part because the weak spin-orbit coupling and indirect gap preclude using standard optical techniques. Two ways to overcome this difficulty are proposed, both based on spin-polarized transport across a heterojunction. Using a realistic transport model incorporating the relevant spin dynamics of both electrons and holes, it is argued that symmetry properties of the charge current can be exploited to detect electrical spin injection in silicon using currently available techniques.
C1 SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany.
RP Zutic, I (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
RI Erwin, Steven/B-1850-2009; Fabian, Jaroslav/K-1700-2013
OI Fabian, Jaroslav/0000-0002-3009-4525
NR 35
TC 87
Z9 88
U1 1
U2 20
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 14
PY 2006
VL 97
IS 2
AR 026602
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.026602
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 063YZ
UT WOS:000239057200050
PM 16907469
ER

PT J
AU Keskinen, MJ
AF Keskinen, M. J.
TI GPS scintillation channel model for the disturbed low-latitude
   ionosphere
SO RADIO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID MUTUAL COHERENCE FUNCTION; ANALYTIC SOLUTION; EQUATORIAL; FLUCTUATIONS;
   PROPAGATION; REGION
AB [ 1] A Global Positioning System (GPS) scintillation channel model for the disturbed low-latitude ionosphere is developed by combining first-principles physics-based simulated low-latitude ionospheric irregularities together with an electromagnetic wave propagation model. Using this combined model, basic channel parameters, that is, phase variance, decorrelation length, decorrelation time, and coherence bandwidth, are computed and are favorably compared with recent ground-based low-latitude GPS experimental observations.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Charged Particle Phys Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Keskinen, MJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Charged Particle Phys Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM keskinen@ppd.nrl.navy.mil
NR 18
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0048-6604
J9 RADIO SCI
JI Radio Sci.
PD JUL 14
PY 2006
VL 41
IS 4
AR RS4003
DI 10.1029/2005RS003442
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
GA 066HS
UT WOS:000239220900001
ER

PT J
AU Silverberg, MJ
   Wegner, SA
   Milazzo, MJ
   McKaig, RG
   Williams, CF
   Agan, BK
   Armstrong, AW
   Gange, SJ
   Hawkes, C
   O'Connell, RJ
   Ahuja, SK
   Dolan, MJ
AF Silverberg, Michael J.
   Wegner, Scott A.
   Milazzo, Mark J.
   McKaig, Rosemary G.
   Williams, Carolyn F.
   Agan, Brian K.
   Armstrong, Adam W.
   Gange, Stephen J.
   Hawkes, Clifton
   O'Connell, Robert J.
   Ahuja, Sunil K.
   Dolan, Matthew J.
CA Tri-Service AIDS Clinical
TI Effectiveness of highly-active antiretroviral therapy by race/ethnicity
SO AIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE highly-active antiretroviral therapy; survival; AIDS; race/ethnicity;
   HIV seroconversion; effectiveness
ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; DISEASE PROGRESSION; POPULATION
   EFFECTIVENESS; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; AIDS PROGRESSION; GENE VARIANTS; HIV
   DISEASE; DRUG-USE; CCR5; RACE
AB Objective: To determine the effectiveness of HAART by race/ethnicity.
   Design: Prospective multicenter cohort study.
   Methods: We studied 991 African-Americans and 911 European-Americans enrolled in the United States Military's Tri-Service AIDS Clinical Consortium Natural History Study who had dates of HIV seroconversion known within 5 years and followed between 1990 and 2002. We determined the rate of disease progression to AIDS and death for subjects in this cohort. Multivariable models evaluated race, pre-HAART (1990-1995) and HAART (1996-2002) eras, age, gender and military service.
   Results: In the pre-HAART era, African-Americans had a statistically nonsignificant trend towards better outcomes: the relative hazards (RH) of AIDS and death for African-Americans compared to European-Americans were 0.85 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.68-1.051 and 0.77 (95% CI, 0.55-1.08), respectively. In the HAART era, outcomes were similar by race: 1.17 (95% CI, 0.86-1.61) for AIDS and 1.11 (95% CI, 0.81-1.53) for death with overlapping Kaplan-Meier curves. Relative to the pre-HAART era, the adjusted RH of AIDS in the HAART era was 0.41 (95% CI, 0.31-0.54) and 0.30 (95% CI, 0.22-0.40) for African-American and European-American participants, respectively. Analogous RH for death were 0.55 (95% CI, 0.38-0.80) and 0.38 (95% CI, 0.27-0.54). The precipitous declines in AIDS and death in the HAART era were not statistically different by race.
   Conclusions: In a large multi-racial cohort with equal access to health care, HIV treatment outcomes by race/ethnicity were similar. (c) 2006 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA.
   TACC, NHS, Rockville, MD USA.
   Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
   NIAID, Epidemiol Branch, Div AIDS, NIH,DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
   Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA.
   USN, Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA.
   Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
   S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Vet Adm Res Ctr Aids & HIV 1 Infect, San Antonio, TX USA.
   Univ Texas Hlth Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX USA.
   Def Inst Med Operat, Brooks AFB, TX USA.
RP Dolan, MJ (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente, Div Res, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612 USA.
EM Matthew.Dolan@brooks.af.mil
OI Gange, Stephen/0000-0001-7842-512X; Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669
FU NIAID NIH HHS [U01-AI-42590]
NR 37
TC 35
Z9 36
U1 1
U2 1
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0269-9370
J9 AIDS
JI Aids
PD JUL 13
PY 2006
VL 20
IS 11
BP 1531
EP 1538
DI 10.1097/01.aids.0000237369.41617.0f
PG 8
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
GA 076VE
UT WOS:000239985400008
PM 16847408
ER

PT J
AU Crum-Cianflone, NF
   Wallace, MR
   Looney, D
AF Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.
   Wallace, Mark R.
   Looney, David
TI Successful secondary prophylaxis for primary effusion lymphoma with
   human herpesvirus 8 therapy
SO AIDS
LA English
DT Letter
ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA
C1 TriServ AIDS Clin Consortium, Rockville, MD USA.
   Vet Adm, San Diego Healthcare Syst, San Diego, CA USA.
   Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
   USN, Ctr Med, Infect Dis Clin, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Crum-Cianflone, NF (reprint author), USN, Ctr Med, Infect Dis Clin, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI36214]
NR 9
TC 11
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 1
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0269-9370
J9 AIDS
JI Aids
PD JUL 13
PY 2006
VL 20
IS 11
BP 1567
EP 1569
DI 10.1097/01.aids.0000237381.92303.61
PG 3
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
GA 076VE
UT WOS:000239985400020
PM 16847420
ER

PT J
AU Drake, JF
   Swisdak, M
   Schoeffler, KM
   Rogers, BN
   Kobayashi, S
AF Drake, J. F.
   Swisdak, M.
   Schoeffler, K. M.
   Rogers, B. N.
   Kobayashi, S.
TI Formation of secondary islands during magnetic reconnection
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CORE FIELD GENERATION; PARTICLE SIMULATIONS; EARTHS MAGNETOPAUSE;
   FLUX-TRANSFER; CHALLENGE; PLASMOIDS
AB Full particle simulations are presented that suggest that the strength of an ambient guide magnetic field controls whether magnetic reconnection, once it is established, remains steady or becomes bursty. Specifically during anti-parallel ( component) reconnection the electron current layers that form near the magnetic x-line are short ( long) and therefore stable ( unstable) to the formation of secondary magnetic islands. The implications for understanding magnetic reconnection and the formation of Flux Transfer Events at the magnetopause are discussed.
C1 Univ Maryland, Energy Res Facil, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Wilder Lab 6127, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
RP Drake, JF (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Energy Res Facil, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, Bldg 223,Paint Branch Dr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM drake@plasma.umd.edu; swisdak@ppd.nrl.navy.mil; kschoeff@umd.edu;
   barrett.n.rogers@dartmouth.edu; sumire.kobayashi@dartmouth.edu
RI Schoeffler, Kevin/N-1758-2013
OI Schoeffler, Kevin/0000-0002-7644-7381
NR 21
TC 129
Z9 132
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 13
PY 2006
VL 33
IS 13
AR L13105
DI 10.1029/2006GL025957
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 066FP
UT WOS:000239215400002
ER

PT J
AU Zhang, SJ
   Fernandez, F
   Hazeldine, S
   Deschamps, J
   Zhen, J
   Reith, MEA
   Dutta, AK
AF Zhang, Shijun
   Fernandez, Fernando
   Hazeldine, Stuart
   Deschamps, Jeffrey
   Zhen, Juan
   Reith, Maarten E. A.
   Dutta, Aloke K.
TI Further structural exploration of trisubstituted asymmetric pyran
   derivatives (2S,4R,5R)-2-benzhydryl-5-benzylamino-tetrahydropyran-4-ol
   and their corresponding disubstituted (3S,6S) pyran derivatives: A
   proposed pharmacophore model for high-affinity interaction with the
   dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine transporters
SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID MONOAMINE TRANSPORTERS; REUPTAKE INHIBITORS; OPENING REACTIONS; COCAINE;
   REBOXETINE; BIOMIMETICS; DEPRESSION; RECEPTORS; DESIGN
AB In our previous report, we described a novel series of asymmetric pyran derivatives (2S, 4R, 5R)-2-benzhydryl5-benzylamino-tetrahydropyran-4-ol and their enantiomers as blockers of monoamine transporters in the brain. In this report, we describe the further exploration of this series of molecules by incorporating functional groups in the molecular template, which should promote the formation of H bonds with the transporters. In addition, a new synthetic scheme for the asymmetric synthesis of disubstituted cis-(6-benzhydryl-tetrahydropyran-3-yl)-benzylamine analogues and their biological characterization is reported. All synthesized derivatives were tested for their affinities for the dopamine transporter (DAT), serotonin transporter (SERT), and norepinephrine transporter (NET) in the brain by measuring their potency in inhibiting the uptake of [3(H)]DA, [H-3]5-HT, and [H-3] NE, respectively. The compounds were also tested for their binding potency at the DAT by their ability to inhibit binding of [H-3]WIN35,428. The results indicated that the presence of functional groups, such as -OH, -NH2,and the bioisosteric 5-substituted indole moiety in both di and trisubstituted compounds, significantly increased their potencies for the SERT and NET, especially for the NET. Among the trisubstituted compounds, (-)-4b exhibited the highest potency for the NET and the SERT (Ki of 2.13 and 15.3 nM, respectively) and was a serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI). Compound (-)-4a exhibited the highest selectivity for the NET. Among the disubstituted compounds, a number of compounds, such as (-)-9a, (+)-9b, (-)-9b, and (+)-9d, exhibited significant low-nanomolar potencies for the SERT and the NET. Interestingly, compound (-)-9d exhibited appreciable potencies at all three transporters. On the basis of our present and past findings, we propose a qualitative model for the interaction of these compounds with monoamine transporters, which will be refined further in the future.
C1 Wayne State Univ, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Detroit, MI 48202 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC USA.
   NYU, Sch Med, Millhauser Labs, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10016 USA.
RP Dutta, AK (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Detroit, MI 48202 USA.
EM adutta@wayne.edu
RI Zhen, Juan /E-8593-2016
OI Zhen, Juan /0000-0002-6111-9692
FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA 12449]
NR 32
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0022-2623
J9 J MED CHEM
JI J. Med. Chem.
PD JUL 13
PY 2006
VL 49
IS 14
BP 4239
EP 4247
DI 10.1021/jm0601699
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Medicinal
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 060MH
UT WOS:000238805800026
PM 16821783
ER

PT J
AU Perrine, RP
   Milikh, GM
   Papadopoulos, K
   Huba, JD
   Joyce, G
   Swisdak, M
   Dimant, Y
AF Perrine, R. P.
   Milikh, G. M.
   Papadopoulos, K.
   Huba, J. D.
   Joyce, G.
   Swisdak, M.
   Dimant, Y.
TI An interhemispheric model of artificial ionospheric ducts
SO RADIO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW-LATITUDE IONOSPHERE; POWERFUL RADIO-WAVES; ELECTROJET; SIGNALS
AB [ 1] A duct in Earth's ionosphere is characterized by density gradients perpendicular to the magnetic field, which enhance refractive indices and act as waveguides to whistler-range waves. Interhemispheric ducts along magnetic field lines have implications for the transmission of ELF radio waves across the globe. Strong HF ionospheric heating has been shown to create a depletion of electrons at the heated region and could lead to a pressure perturbation that propagates along the entire magnetic field line, potentially forming an artificial duct. Here we present results from an ionospheric numerical model used to study the effects of localized HF heating on an interhemispheric magnetic flux tube. The existing Sami2 is Another Model of the Ionosphere (SAMI2) ionospheric model has been modified to include a flexible source of strong HF heating that can be varied to mimic the fluctuations in HF heating efficiencies and ionospheric conditions. Our parametric study includes varying the heating source intensity and location along the magnetic field line, revealing both linear and nonlinear relationships connecting these source parameters to maximum pressure, temperature, and density perturbations; propagation velocity of density perturbations; and characteristic heating and cooling times of the irradiated region. After a transient state, the duct structure achieves a quasi-steady state, showing electron depletion at the heated region and density enhancements in the regions just below and above the heated region. The density perturbations propagate deep inside the plasmasphere to the conjugate F-2 peak, with density enhancements along the traveling pulse boundary. The possibility of generating interhemispheric ducts is discussed.
C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Icarus Res Inc, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
   Boston Univ, Ctr Space Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
RP Perrine, RP (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM perrine@astro.umd.edu; milikh@astro.umd.edu; kp@astro.umd.edu;
   huba@ppd.nrl.navy.mil; joyce@ppd.nrl.navy.mil; swisdak@ppd.nrl.navy.mil;
   dimant@bu.edu
OI Dimant, Yakov/0000-0002-3807-5820
NR 16
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0048-6604
EI 1944-799X
J9 RADIO SCI
JI Radio Sci.
PD JUL 12
PY 2006
VL 41
IS 4
AR RS4002
DI 10.1029/2005RS003371
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
GA 066HQ
UT WOS:000239220700001
ER

PT J
AU Ackleson, SG
AF Ackleson, Steven G.
TI Optical determinations of suspended sediment dynamics in western Long
   Island Sound and the Connecticut River plume
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID PARTICLE-SIZE DISTRIBUTION; PARTICULATE MATTER; ATTENUATION COEFFICIENT;
   SCOTIAN RISE; OCEAN; GULF; SEA; TRANSFORMATION; ABSORPTION; SPECTRA
AB [ 1] The magnitude of beam attenuation attributed to suspended sediments, c(p), and the slope of the log-transformed attenuation spectrum, gamma, were used to investigate the properties and dynamic nature of matter suspended in the waters of western Long Island Sound ( LIS) and the adjacent Connecticut River plume (CRP). Within the LIS, c(p) and gamma indicate a robust relationship between sediment concentration and particle size distribution (PSD). As concentration increased, the PSD shifted to larger particles. The highest concentrations and particle sizes were found in a nepheloid layer adjacent to the sound floor. Within the adjacent CRP, sediments were observed to shift towards smaller particles at the lateral plume boundary, where current shear stress may have disrupted large particle aggregates, relative to sediments in the more quiescent plume interior. A strong linear correlation between gamma and salinity was also found, indicating that mixing between the two water masses may also have altered the PSD of the plume sediments. A suspended sediment attenuation model based on Mie theory, a power law form of the PSD, and a single sediment source indicates that the observed changes in LIS c(p) and gamma are consistent with sediment removal as particles settle with size-dependent rates. In contrast, within the CRP, the model supports the hypothesis that turbulence-induced aggregate disruption at the lateral plume boundary is responsible for the observed variability in c(p) and gamma. However, mixing between the LIS and CRP particle populations would violate the single source requirement of the model and necessitate a more complicated set of particle dynamics in order to correctly interpret the observed variability in particulate attenuation.
C1 Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA.
RP Ackleson, SG (reprint author), Off Naval Res, Code 322OB, Arlington, VA 22217 USA.
EM ackless@onr.navy.mil
NR 33
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD JUL 11
PY 2006
VL 111
IS C7
AR C07009
DI 10.1029/2005JC003214
PG 13
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 066GP
UT WOS:000239218000001
ER

PT J
AU Wright, ME
   Petteys, BJ
   Guenthner, AJ
   Fallis, S
   Yandek, GR
   Tomczak, SJ
   Minton, TK
   Brunsvold, A
AF Wright, ME
   Petteys, BJ
   Guenthner, AJ
   Fallis, S
   Yandek, GR
   Tomczak, SJ
   Minton, TK
   Brunsvold, A
TI Chemical modification of fluorinated polyimides: New thermally curing
   hybrid polymers with POSS
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID GLASS-TRANSITION TEMPERATURE; OXYGEN-ATOM EROSION; POLYHEDRAL
   OLIGOSILSESQUIOXANES; THERMOSETTING POLYMERS; SILSESQUIOXANES;
   NANOCOMPOSITES; DERIVATIVES; CONVERSION; COPOLYMER; SURFACES
AB A series of four new end-capped and hydroxymethyl-functionalized polyimides were prepared. Through a two-step chemical modification process (3-aminopropyl)(hepta-i-butyl) polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) was covalently attached to the polymer backbone. POSS loading levels as high as 36 wt % could be obtained while maintaining excellent processability and optical clarity of thin films. Concurrent attachment of either a cyanate ester or hydroxyethyl methacrylate ( HEMA) group afforded processable POSS-polyimides that underwent thermal curing to yield solvent-resistant films, both having final T-g's of 251 degrees C. Kinetic analysis of the cure reactions yielded energy of activations of 93 kJ/mol (cyanate ester) and 103 kJ/mol (HEMA). Exposure of a POSS-polyimide containing degrees 31 wt % POSS to atomic oxygen displayed no measurable level of erosion relative to a Kapton H standard.
C1 USN, Res & Engn Sci Dept, Div Chem, NAVAIR, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
   Air Force Res Lab, Prop Mat Applicat Branch, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
   Montana State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
RP Wright, ME (reprint author), USN, Res & Engn Sci Dept, Div Chem, NAVAIR, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
RI Brunsvold, Amy/H-4315-2016
OI Brunsvold, Amy/0000-0001-9257-2978
NR 29
TC 53
Z9 55
U1 4
U2 39
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD JUL 11
PY 2006
VL 39
IS 14
BP 4710
EP 4718
DI 10.1021/ma060372d
PG 9
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 059IU
UT WOS:000238727300012
ER

PT J
AU Karunasiri, G
AF Karunasiri, Gamani
TI Spontaneous pulse generation using silicon controlled rectifier
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB Spontaneous generation of voltage pulses was observed in a circuit consists of a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) connected in series with a parallel RC circuit under dc bias. The pulse rate found to increase with the de bias and saturated as pulse period reached the RC time constant. The injection of current into the SCR using a photodiode connected to the gate terminal increased the pulse rate with light intensity. This suggests that direct illumination of the reversed biased p-n junction of the SCR with light will allow the circuit to function as a pulse mode light detector. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Karunasiri, G (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM karunasiri@nps.edu
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 10
PY 2006
VL 89
IS 2
AR 023501
DI 10.1063/1.2220528
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 074DO
UT WOS:000239793100107
ER

PT J
AU Kucera, TA
   Landi, E
AF Kucera, T. A.
   Landi, E.
TI Ultraviolet observations of prominence activation and cool loop dynamics
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun : atmospheric motions; Sun : corona; Sun : prominences; Sun :
   transition region; Sun : UV radiation
ID DIAGNOSTIC SPECTROMETER CDS; SOLAR CORONAL LOOPS; ACTIVE-REGION LOOPS;
   OPTICALLY THIN PLASMAS; TRANSITION-REGION; THERMAL NONEQUILIBRIUM; ALPHA
   OBSERVATIONS; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; FLOWS; FILAMENT
AB In this paper we investigate the thermal and dynamic properties of dynamic structures in and around a prominence channel observed on the limb on 2003 April 17. Observations were taken with the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory's Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation (SOHO SUMER) in lines formed at temperatures from 80,000 K to 1.6 MK. The instrument was pointed to a single location and took a series of 90 s exposures. Two-dimensional context was provided by the Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE) in the UV and EUV and the Kanzelhohe Solar Observatory in H alpha. Two dynamic features were studied in depth: an activated prominence and repeated motions in a loop near the prominence. We calculated three-dimensional geometries and trajectories, differential emission measures, and limits on the mass, pressure, average density, and kinetic and thermal energies. These observations provide important tests for models of dynamics in prominences and cool (similar to 10(5) K) loops, which will ultimately lead to a better understanding of the mechanism(s) leading to energy and mass flow in these solar features.
C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Artep Inc, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Kucera, TA (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 661, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM therese.a.kucera@nasa.gov
RI Landi, Enrico/H-4493-2011; Kucera, Therese/C-9558-2012; 
OI Kucera, Therese/0000-0001-9632-447X
NR 43
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUL 10
PY 2006
VL 645
IS 2
BP 1525
EP 1536
DI 10.1086/504398
PN 1
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 063XT
UT WOS:000239053900064
ER

PT J
AU Jordan, PM
   Feuillade, C
AF Jordan, PM
   Feuillade, C
TI A note on Love's equation with damping
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING
   SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Stokes' first problem; Love's equation with damping; integral transform
   methods; the J-function
ID BUBBLY LIQUIDS; ACOUSTIC-WAVES; PROPAGATION
AB The dynamic propagation of a Heaviside input signal in a semi-infinite, dissipative/ dispersive medium is considered. The exact solution to this problem, which corresponds to Stokes' first problem of fluid mechanics, is obtained and analysed using integral transform methods. Special/limiting cases are noted and numerical methods are used to illustrate the analytical findings. Specifically, the following results are presented: (i) critical values of the dispersion coefficient are noted and examined; (ii) for large values of time, the solution exhibits Taylor shock-like behaviour; (iii) the half-peak point of the Taylor shock exhibits a phase shift that depends on the dispersion coefficient. Lastly, links to other fields are noted and some associated mathematical relations are presented.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Jordan, PM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM pjordan@nrlssc.navy.mil
NR 22
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 1
PU ROYAL SOCIETY
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 1364-5021
J9 P R SOC A
JI Proc. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci.
PD JUL 8
PY 2006
VL 462
IS 2071
BP 2063
EP 2076
DI 10.1098/rspa.2006.1674
PG 14
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 054EA
UT WOS:000238358400010
ER

PT J
AU McNally, DJ
   Hui, JPM
   Aubry, AJ
   Mui, KKK
   Guerry, P
   Brisson, JR
   Logan, SM
   Soo, EC
AF McNally, DJ
   Hui, JPM
   Aubry, AJ
   Mui, KKK
   Guerry, P
   Brisson, JR
   Logan, SM
   Soo, EC
TI Functional characterization of the flagellar glycosylation locus in
   Campylobacter jejuni 81-176 using a focused metabolomics approach
SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID O-SPECIFIC POLYSACCHARIDE; HYDROPHILIC INTERACTION CHROMATOGRAPHY;
   PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; PROTEIN
   GLYCOSYLATION; PSEUDAMINIC ACID; SOMATIC ANTIGENS; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE;
   IDENTIFICATION; VIRULENCE
AB Bacterial genome sequencing has provided a wealth of genetic data. However, the definitive functional characterization of hypothetical open reading frames and novel biosynthetic genes remains challenging. This is particularly true for genes involved in protein glycosylation because the isolation of their glycan moieties is often problematic. We have developed a focused metabolomics approach to define the function of flagellin glycosylation genes in Campylobacter jejuni 81-176. A capillary electrophoresis-electrospray mass spectrometry and precursor ion scanning method was used to examine cell lysates of C. jejuni 81-176 for sugar nucleotides. Novel nucleotide-activated intermediates of the pseudaminic acid (Pse5NAc7NAc) pathway and its acetamidino derivative (PseAm) were found to accumulate within select isogenic mutants, and use of a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method permitted large scale purifications of the intermediates. NMR with cryo probe ( cold probe) technology was utilized to complete the structural characterization of microgram quantities of CMP-5-acetamido-7-acetamidino3,5,7,9-tetradeoxy-L-glycero-alpha-L-manno-nonulosonic acid (CMP-P-se5NAc7Am), which is the first report of Pse modified at C7 with an acetamidino group in Campylobacter, and UDP-2,4-diacetamido-2,4,6-trideoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranose, which is a bacillosamine derivative found in the N-linked protein glycan. Using this focused metabolomics approach, pseB, pseC, pseF, pseI, and for the first time pseA, pseG, and pseH were found to be directly involved in either the biosynthesis of CMP-Pse5NAc7NAc or CMP-Pse5NAc7Am. In contrast, it was shown that pseD, pseE, Cj1314c, Cj1315c, Cjb1301, Cj1334, Cj1341c, and Cj1342c have no role in the CMP-Pse5NAc7NAc or CMP-Pse5NAc7Am pathways. These results demonstrate the usefulness of this approach for targeting compounds within the bacterial metabolome to assign function to genes, identify metabolic intermediates, and elucidate novel biosynthetic pathways.
C1 Natl Res Council Canada, Inst Marine Biosci, Halifax, NS B3H 3Z1, Canada.
   Natl Res Council Canada, Inst Marine Biosci, Halifax, NS B3H 3Z1, Canada.
   Univ Waterloo, Dept Chem, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
   USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Soo, EC (reprint author), Natl Res Council Canada, Inst Marine Biosci, 1411 Oxford St, Halifax, NS B3H 3Z1, Canada.
EM evelyn.soo@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca
RI Guerry, Patricia/A-8024-2011
FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI43559]
NR 37
TC 78
Z9 85
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA
SN 0021-9258
J9 J BIOL CHEM
JI J. Biol. Chem.
PD JUL 7
PY 2006
VL 281
IS 27
BP 18489
EP 18498
DI 10.1074/jbc.M603777200
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 058TK
UT WOS:000238687300028
PM 16684771
ER

PT J
AU Henderson, WA
   Young, VG
   Fylstra, P
   De Long, HC
   Trulove, PC
AF Henderson, WA
   Young, VG
   Fylstra, P
   De Long, HC
   Trulove, PC
TI Crystal packing, steric effects, and heteroatoms: Comparison of
   N,N-dimethylpyrrolidinium, piperidinium, and morpholinium iodide salts
SO CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASE-TRANSITIONS; LIQUIDS; DYNAMICS
AB N,N-Dimethylpiperidinium iodide (PIP11I) has P2(1)/n symmetry at -150 degrees C. The crystal packing of the ions of PIP11I is compared with that reported for N, N- dimethylpyrrolidinium iodide (PYR11I) and N, N- dimethylmorpholinium iodide (MORP11I). Despite the differences in cation structure, PYR11I and PIP11I have essentially identical ion crystal packing. This is not the case, however, for PIP11I and MORP11I. The phase behavior and thermal stability of the three salts have also been compared to examine the influence of crystal packing on thermal properties.
C1 USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
   Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem, Xray Crystallog Lab, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
   USAF, Off Sci Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
RP Trulove, PC (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, 572 M Holloway Rd,Stop 9B, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM trulove@usna.edu
NR 21
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1528-7483
J9 CRYST GROWTH DES
JI Cryst. Growth Des.
PD JUL 5
PY 2006
VL 6
IS 7
BP 1645
EP 1648
DI 10.1021/cg0601249
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science,
   Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science
GA 059IY
UT WOS:000238727700020
ER

PT J
AU Plant, NG
AF Plant, Nathaniel G.
TI Reply to comment by T.J. O'Hare and D.A. Huntley on "Morphologic
   properties derived from a simple cross-shore sediment transport model"
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Plant, NG (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM nplant@nrlssc.navy.mil
OI Plant, Nathaniel/0000-0002-5703-5672
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD JUL 4
PY 2006
VL 111
IS C7
AR C07004
DI 10.1029/2006JC003476
PG 2
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 062OC
UT WOS:000238953400007
ER

PT J
AU Koh, SE
   McDonald, KD
   Holt, DH
   Dulcey, CS
   Chaney, JA
   Pehrsson, PE
AF Koh, Sharon E.
   McDonald, Krystal D.
   Holt, David H.
   Dulcey, Charles S.
   Chaney, John A.
   Pehrsson, Pehr E.
TI Phenylphosphonic acid functionalization of indium tin oxide: Surface
   chemistry and work functions
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; RAY
   PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; CHARGE INJECTION; ELECTRONIC DEVICES; HOLE
   INJECTION; ITO ELECTRODES; KELVIN PROBE; GOLD; INTERFACES
AB The work function of indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates was modified with phosphonic acid molecular films. The ITO surfaces were treated prior to functionalization with a base cleaning procedure. The film growth and coverage were quantified by contact angle goniometry and XPS. Film orientation was determined by reflection/absorption infrared spectroscopy using ITO-on-Cr substrates. The absolute work functions of nitrophenyl- and cyanophenyl-phosphonic acid films in ITO were determined by Kelvin probe measurement to be 5.60 and 5.77 eV, respectively.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Dulcey, CS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM csd@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil
NR 50
TC 64
Z9 64
U1 3
U2 33
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD JUL 4
PY 2006
VL 22
IS 14
BP 6249
EP 6255
DI 10.1021/la052379e
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
   Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 056XN
UT WOS:000238558500040
PM 16800683
ER

PT J
AU Jordan, PM
AF Jordan, PM
TI Finite-amplitude acoustic traveling waves in a fluid that saturates a
   porous medium: Acceleration wave formation
SO PHYSICS LETTERS A
LA English
DT Article
DE nonlinear acoustics; Darcy's law; traveling wave solution; acceleration
   waves; Lambert W-function
ID SHOCK FORMATION; EQUATION; MODEL; SOLITONS; GROWTH; DECAY; FLOW; GAS
AB An analytical study of finite-amplitude acoustic waves in a homentropic fluid that saturates a rigid porous medium is presented. The exact traveling wave solution (TWS) is obtained in terms of the Lambert W-function. It is shown that the acceleration profile assumes the form of an asymmetric diffusive soliton and that a jump discontinuity in the acceleration forms as the TWSs propagation speed approaches the sound speed of the fluid. Additionally, a connection between this TWS and results from singular surface theory is established and the findings of the present study are compared/contrasted with those for the thermoviscous, nonporous case. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Jordan, PM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7181, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM pjordan@nrlssc.navy.mil
NR 32
TC 23
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-9601
J9 PHYS LETT A
JI Phys. Lett. A
PD JUL 3
PY 2006
VL 355
IS 3
BP 216
EP 221
DI 10.1016/j.physleta.2006.02.033
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 056AQ
UT WOS:000238493400011
ER

PT J
AU Navi, N
   Horwitz, JS
   Auyeung, RCY
   Qadri, SB
   Wu, HD
AF Navi, N
   Horwitz, JS
   Auyeung, RCY
   Qadri, SB
   Wu, HD
TI Microwave dielectric properties of W-doped Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 thin films
   grown on (001)MgO by pulsed laser deposition with a variable oxygen
   deposition pressure
SO THIN SOLID FILMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD); microwave properties; BST; dielectric
   properties
ID COMBINATORIAL SYNTHESIS; PHASE SHIFTERS; STRAIN; LIBRARIES
AB The microwave dielectric properties of Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 1 mol% W-doped thin films deposited using pulsed laser deposition, are improved by a novel oxygen deposition profile. The thin films were deposited onto (001) MgO substrates at a temperature of 720 degrees C. A comparison is made between three different oxygen ambient growth conditions. These include growth at a single oxygen pressure (6.7 Pa) and growth at two oxygen pressures, one low (6.7 Pa) and one high (46.7 Pa). Films were deposited in a sequence that includes both a low to high and a high to low transition in the oxygen deposition pressure. Following deposition, all filins were post-annealed in 1 atm of oxygen at 1000 degrees C for 6 h. The dielectric Q (defined as 1/tan delta) and the dielectric constant, epsilon(r), were measured at room temperature, at 2 GHz, using gap oapacitors fabricated on top of the dielectric films. The percent dielectric tuning (defined as (epsilon(r)(0 V) - epsilon(r)(40 V))/epsilon(r)(0 V) x 100) and figure of merit (FOM) (defined as percent dielectric tuning x Q(0 V)) were calculated. The film deposited using the two-stage growth conditions, 6.7/46.7 Pa oxygen, showed a maximum Q(0 V) value with high percent dielectric tuning and gave rise to a microwave FOM twice as large as the single stage growth condition. The improved dielectric properties are due to initial formation of a film with reduced interfacial strain, due to the formation of defects at the film/ substrate interface resulting in a high Q(0 V) value, followed by the reduction of oxygen vacancies which increases the dielectric constant and tuning. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 George Washington Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   SFA Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA.
   US DOE, Div Sci Mat, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
   MesoScribe Technol Inc, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA.
   Nucl Res Ctr Negev, IL-84190 Beer Sheva, Israel.
RP Navi, N (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, 725 23rd St NW, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
EM navi@netvision.net.il
NR 24
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0040-6090
J9 THIN SOLID FILMS
JI Thin Solid Films
PD JUL 3
PY 2006
VL 510
IS 1-2
BP 115
EP 118
DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2005.12.270
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings &
   Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 049JB
UT WOS:000238011200018
ER

PT J
AU Butcher, RJ
   Muratore, N
   Purdy, AP
AF Butcher, Ray J.
   Muratore, Nicole
   Purdy, Andrew P.
TI mer-Bis(diethylenetriamine) zinc(II) dichloride
SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION E-STRUCTURE REPORTS ONLINE
LA English
DT Article
ID MONOHYDRATE; CRYSTAL
AB At 93 K, in the title compound, [Zn(C4H13N3)(2)]Cl-2, the Zn II atom is coordinated by six N atoms from two diethylenetriamine ligands in a distorted octahedral geometry. In contrast to the previously determined chloride and bromide monohydrates, this compound is anhydrous. There is extensive hydrogen bonding between the amine H atoms in the cation and the chloride anions.
C1 Howard Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Butcher, RJ (reprint author), Howard Univ, Dept Chem, 525 Coll St NW, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
EM raymond.butcher@nrl.navy.mil
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1600-5368
J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR E
JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. E.-Struct Rep. Online
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 62
BP M1562
EP M1564
DI 10.1107/S1600536806019581
PN 7
PG 3
WC Crystallography
SC Crystallography
GA 059KO
UT WOS:000238731900053
ER

PT J
AU Cenko, A
AF Cenko, A.
TI One CFD calculation to end point flight testing - (Has CFD finally
   replaced the wind tunnel?)
SO AERONAUTICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
AB Any time a new aircraft is introduced into service, or an old aircraft undergoes substantial modifications or needs to be certified to carry and employ new stores, the store separation engineer is faced with a decision about how much effort will be required to provide an airworthiness certification for the aircraft and stores. Generally, there are three approaches that have been used: wind-tunnel testing, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyses and flight testing. During the past twenty years there have been considerable advances in all three areas. In particular, there has been a considerable improvement in the speed and validity of CFD results for store separation. The Holy Grail of CFD has long been the reduction/replacement of wind-tunnel testing. This would mean in store separation the ability to go from a CFD calculation to flight testing at the end point. The paper will describe how this was achieved for the F/A-18C/Litening pod program.
C1 Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA.
RP Cenko, A (reprint author), Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA.
NR 17
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU ROYAL AERONAUTICAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 4 HAMILTON PL, LONDON W1J 7BQ, ENGLAND
SN 0001-9240
J9 AERONAUT J
JI Aeronaut. J.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 110
IS 1109
BP 439
EP 446
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 077ZT
UT WOS:000240071200004
ER

PT J
AU Pham, T
   Steele, J
   Stayboldt, C
   Chan, L
   Benirschke, K
AF Pham, T
   Steele, J
   Stayboldt, C
   Chan, L
   Benirschke, K
TI Placental mesenchymal dysplasia is associated with high rates of
   intrauterine growth restriction and fetal demise - A report of 11 new
   cases and a review of the literature
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE placental mesenchymal dysplasia; pseudo-partial mole; Beckwith-Wiedemann
   syndrome; intrauterine growth restriction; fetal demise
ID BECKWITH-WIEDEMANN-SYNDROME; STEM VILLOUS HYPERPLASIA; DIPLOID
   DNA-CONTENT; THROMBOTIC VASCULOPATHY; VASCULAR MALFORMATION;
   HYDATIDIFORM MOLE; HYDROPS; CHORIOANGIOMA; ABNORMALITIES; PREGNANCY
AB Placental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD) is a rare condition of placentomegaly and abnormal chorionic villi often clinically mistakenly as partial hydatidiform mole. However, it is clinicopathologically distinct with high incidence of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and fetal death. This study presents 11 new PMD cases and provides a meta-analysis of the associated IUGR and fetal death rates. The cases were identified between 1971 and 2005, mostly from consultation files. To our knowledge, 71 PMD cases have previously been reported; 15 of these were associated with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS). With the addition of our new results, among all cases without BWS, 50% had IUGR and 43% had intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD) or neonatal death. Females represented 82% of cases. Thus, PMD is associated with high IUGR and IUFD/neonatal death rates and disproportionally affects females. The pathogenesis is yet unknown. The current understanding and hypotheses involving PMD are discussed.
C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pathol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
   USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
   Scripps Mercy Hosp, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Benirschke, K (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pathol, 200 W Arbor Dr,Mail Code 8720, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
NR 44
TC 60
Z9 66
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
PI CHICAGO
PA 2100 W HARRISON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60612 USA
SN 0002-9173
J9 AM J CLIN PATHOL
JI Am. J. Clin. Pathol.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 126
IS 1
BP 67
EP 78
DI 10.1309/RV45HRD53YQ2YFTP
PG 12
WC Pathology
SC Pathology
GA 055EN
UT WOS:000238432900009
PM 16753607
ER

PT J
AU Englert, CR
   Harlander, JM
AF Englert, Christoph R.
   Harlander, John M.
TI Flatfielding in spatial heterodyne spectroscopy
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
AB Spatial heterodyne spectroscopy (SHS) is a Fourier-transform spectroscopic technique that simultaneously records all path differences using a detector array. Compared to conventional Fourier-transform spectroscopy that measures interferogram samples sequentially in the time domain, SHS is insensitive to a changing scene; however, the effects caused by differences in the detector elements and/or the optics for each sample must be addressed with a flatfield correction. The flatfield correction is typically a characteristic of the instrument and does not change with the observed scene. We present three different flatfielding approaches. Each is based on different assumptions and is applicable depending. on the instrumental effects dominating the flatfield. (c) 2006 Optical Society of America.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Space Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   St Cloud State Univ, Dept Phys Astron & Engn Sci, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA.
RP Englert, CR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Space Sci Div, Code 7641,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM Christoph.Englert@nrl.navy.mil
OI Englert, Christoph/0000-0002-2145-6168
NR 8
TC 18
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 4
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD JUL 1
PY 2006
VL 45
IS 19
BP 4583
EP 4590
DI 10.1364/AO.45.004583
PG 8
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 058LG
UT WOS:000238665900010
PM 16799669
ER

PT J
AU Wycoff, GL
   Mason, BD
   Urban, SE
AF Wycoff, Gary L.
   Mason, Brian D.
   Urban, Sean E.
TI Data mining for double stars in astrometric catalogs
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE binaries : visual
ID SPECKLE INTERFEROMETRY; ASTROGRAPHIC CATALOG; TYCHO-2 CATALOG;
   PROPER-MOTION; CD-ROM; SYSTEM; HIPPARCOS; ORBITS; CONSTRUCTION; BINARIES
AB The US Naval Observatory has mined over 140 astrometric catalogs, including the Astrographic Catalogue and the Two Micron All Sky Survey, for measures of double stars. This resulted in 114,218 new measures of 47,007 different systems spanning 110 years; these are now included in the Washington Double Star catalog (WDS). This is the single largest data set ever added to the WDS. The measures are typically of wider pairs, most between 400 and 3000; thus, their value in aiding orbit determination is limited. However, they have proven invaluable in the verification of systems and the determination of rectilinear motions of systems.
C1 USN Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA.
RP Wycoff, GL (reprint author), USN Observ, 3450 Massachusetts Ave NW, Washington, DC 20392 USA.
EM glw@usno.navy.mil; bdm@usno.navy.mil; seu@usno.navy.mil
OI Urban, Sean/0000-0003-3280-6693
NR 138
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 132
IS 1
BP 50
EP 60
DI 10.1086/504471
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 063XR
UT WOS:000239053700005
ER

PT J
AU Nord, ME
   Henning, PA
   Rand, RJ
   Lazio, TJW
   Kassim, NE
AF Nord, Michael E.
   Henning, P. A.
   Rand, R. J.
   Lazio, T. Joseph W.
   Kassim, Namir E.
TI 74 MHz discrete HII absorption regions toward the inner Galaxy
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmic rays; HII regions; ISM : magnetic fields; radio continuum :
   general
ID GALACTIC COSMIC-RAYS; LARGE ARRAY; SKY; WAVELENGTHS; RESOLUTION;
   DECIMETER; FIELDS; LIMITS; PLANE
AB At low radio frequencies (v less than or similar to 100 MHz), classical H II regions may become optically thick (optical depth tau >= 1) and can be observed as discrete absorption regions against the Galactic nonthermal background emission created by Galactic cosmic-ray electrons spiraling around magnetic fields. However, the historically poor angular resolution (> 30') of previous low-frequency surveys has limited such observations to the largest and nearest H II regions. The significantly enhanced resolution and surface brightness sensitivity of the 74 MHz system on the Very Large Array now allow for the detection of absorption regions on scale sizes of just a few arcminutes that can be readily identified with many more H II regions previously cataloged in emission at higher frequencies. These absorption measurements directly constrain the brightness temperature of the cosmic-ray synchrotron emission emanating from behind the H II regions based on reasonable physical assumptions. Many such observations could be used to map out the three-dimensional cosmic-ray emissivity in the Galaxy without resorting to a priori assumptions about Galactic structure. This measurement is unique to low-frequency radio astronomy. In this work we present 74 MHz observations in the region 26 degrees > l > -15 degrees, -5 degrees < b < 5 degrees; report the detection of 92 absorption features associated with known H II regions; and derive the brightness temperature of the Galactic cosmic-ray electron synchrotron emission emanating from the column behind these regions. For the 42 H II regions with known distances, the average emissivity of the column behind the H II region is derived. The 74 MHz emissivity values range between 0.3 and 1.0 K pc(-1) for a model assuming uniform distribution of emissivity. Methods for using this type of data to model the three-dimensional distribution of cosmic-ray emissivity and the possibility of using this method to break the H II region kinematic distance degeneracy are discussed.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Computat Phys Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA.
   Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
RP Nord, ME (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7263,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM henning@phys.unm.edu; rjr@phys.unm.edu; joseph.lazio@nrl.navy.mil;
   namir.kassim@nrl.navy.mil
NR 43
TC 14
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 132
IS 1
BP 242
EP 252
DI 10.1086/504407
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 063XR
UT WOS:000239053700019
ER

PT J
AU Hudson, DS
   Reiprich, TH
   Clarke, TE
   Sarazin, CL
AF Hudson, DS
   Reiprich, TH
   Clarke, TE
   Sarazin, CL
TI X-ray detection of the proto supermassive binary black hole at the
   centre of Abell 400
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : clusters : individual : Abell 400; galaxies : individual : 3C
   75; X-rays : galaxies : clusters; galaxies : active; galaxies : jets;
   radio continuum : galaxies
ID BRIGHTEST CLUSTER GALAXIES; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; TEMPERATURE PROFILES;
   RADIO JETS; SAMPLE; 3C-75; SPECTROSCOPY; COMPILATION; EVOLUTION;
   RADIATION
AB Context. We report the first X-ray detection of a proto supermassive binary black hole at the centre of Abell 400. Using the Chandra Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer, we are able to clearly resolve the two active galactic nuclei in 3C 75, the well known double radio source at the centre of Abell 400.
   Aims. Through analysis of the new Chandra observation of Abell 400 along with 4.5 GHz and 329 MHz Very Large Array radio data, we will show new evidence that the active galactic nuclei in 3C 75 are a bound system.
   Methods. Using the high quality X-ray data, we map the temperature, pressure, density and entropy of the inner regions as well as the cluster profile properties out to similar to 18'. We compare features in the X-ray and radio images to determine the interaction between the intracluster medium and extended radio emission.
   Results. The Chandra image shows an elongation of the cluster gas along the northeast-southwest axis; aligned with the initial bending of 3C 75's jets. Additionally, the temperature profile shows no cooling core, consistent with a merging system. There is an apparent shock to the south of the core consistent with a Mach number of M similar to 1.4 or speed of nu similar to 1200 km s(-1). Both active galactic nuclei, at least in projection, are located in the low entropy, high density core just north of the shock region. We find that the projected path of the jets does not follow the intra-cluster medium surface brightness gradient as expected if their path were due to buoyancy. We also find that both central active galactic nuclei are extended and include a thermal component.
   Conclusions. Based on this analysis, we conclude that the active galactic nuclei in 3C 75 are a bound system from a previous merger. They are contained in a low entropy core moving through the intracluster medium at 1200 km s(-1). The bending of the jets is due to the local intracluster medium wind.
C1 Univ Bonn, Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Interferometr Inc, Herndon, VA 20171 USA.
   Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
RP Hudson, DS (reprint author), Univ Bonn, Argelander Inst Astron, Hugel 71, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
EM dhudson@astro.uni-bonn.de
NR 44
TC 52
Z9 52
U1 0
U2 0
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
   FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 453
IS 2
BP 433
EP 446
DI 10.1051/0004-6361:200464955
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 053RL
UT WOS:000238322500008
ER

PT J
AU Warren, HP
   Winebarger, AR
AF Warren, Harry P.
   Winebarger, Amy R.
TI Hydrostatic modeling of the integrated soft X-ray and extreme
   ultraviolet emission in solar active regions
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE sun : corona
ID CORONAL-EXPLORER; MAGNETIC-FIELD; PLASMA DIAGNOSTICS; SCALING LAWS;
   LOOPS; TRACE; TELESCOPE; FLUX; WAVELENGTHS; ANGSTROM
AB Many studies of the solar corona have shown that the observed X-ray luminosity is well correlated with the total unsigned magnetic flux. In this paper we present results from the extensive numerical modeling of active regions observed with the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) EUV Imaging Telescope (EIT), the Yohkoh Soft X-Ray Telescope (SXT), and the SOHO Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI). We use potential field extrapolations to compute magnetic field lines and populate these field lines with solutions to the hydrostatic loop equations assuming steady, uniform heating. Our volumetric heating rates are of the form epsilon(H) similar to B-alpha/L-beta B-alpha/L-beta, where B is the magnetic field strength averaged along a field line and L is the loop length. Comparisons between the observed and simulated emission for 26 active regions suggest that coronal heating models that scale as epsilon H similar to B-alpha/L-beta, where in the closest agreement with the observed emission at high temperatures. The field-braiding reconnection model of Parker, for example, is consistent with our results. We find, however, that the integrated intensities alone are insufficient to uniquely determine the parameterization of the volumetric heating rate. Visualizations of the emission are also needed. We also find that there are significant discrepancies between our simulation results and the lower temperature emission observed in the EIT channels.
C1 USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Warren, HP (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Code 7670, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM hwarren@nrl.navy.mil; winebarger@nrl.navy.mil
NR 37
TC 55
Z9 55
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUL 1
PY 2006
VL 645
IS 1
BP 711
EP 719
DI 10.1086/504075
PN 1
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 060WQ
UT WOS:000238832900059
ER

PT J
AU Uzzo, M
   Strachan, L
   Vourlidas, A
   Ko, YK
   Raymond, JC
AF Uzzo, M.
   Strachan, L.
   Vourlidas, A.
   Ko, Y. -K.
   Raymond, J. C.
TI Physical properties of a 2003 April quiescent streamer
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE sun : corona; sun : UV radiation
ID SLOW SOLAR-WIND; ULTRAVIOLET CORONAGRAPH SPECTROMETER; TEMPERATURE
   ANISOTROPY; OUTFLOW VELOCITIES; SOURCE REGIONS; SOHO; MINIMUM; LINES;
   UVCS/SOHO; ABUNDANCE
AB In 2003 April, the Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer (UVCS) on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) observed a quiescent streamer in an effort to derive the physical plasma parameters across the streamer and as a function of height ( from 1.75 to 5.0 R-circle dot). Values for the electron temperature, proton and O5+ kinetic temperatures, elemental abundances, and O5+ outflow velocity were derived. The presence of the first ionization potential (FIP) effect was also explored. These plasma parameters were compared to those derived for other previously reported active region and quiescent streamers. The photospheric normalized absolute elemental abundances for O, Si, S, Ar, and Fe were derived at 1.75 R-circle dot. The remaining parameters were derived at five heights up to 5.0 R-circle dot. To calculate the electron density above 2.2 R-circle dot the polarized brightness data from another SOHO instrument, the Large Angle Spectroscopic Coronagraph (LASCO) C2 detector, was employed. The streamer was located above a complex filament structure and had a slightly higher electron temperature compared to what is typically found for quiescent streamers. This streamer did exhibit the customary FIP effect, but no abundance-depleted core typically found for such stable quiescent streamers was detected. The perpendicular kinetic temperature for the protons and the O5+ ions did not vary across the streamer. This differs from two other quiescent streamer comparison cases, in which the O5+ kinetic temperature did decrease at the core structure. The O5+ outflow velocities were similar to those observed in an equatorial streamer from solar minimum.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Uzzo, M (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009
OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948
NR 45
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUL 1
PY 2006
VL 645
IS 1
BP 720
EP 731
DI 10.1086/504286
PN 1
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 060WQ
UT WOS:000238832900060
ER

PT J
AU Kaye, FJ
AF Kaye, Frederic J.
TI Emerging biology of malignant salivary gland tumors offers new insights
   into the classification and treatment of mucoepidermoid cancer -
   Commentary
SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID MECT1-MAML2 FUSION ONCOGENE; WARTHINS TUMOR; HUMAN HOMOLOG; GENE FUSION;
   CARCINOMA; ACTIVATION; MUTATIONS; SURVIVORS
C1 NCI, Genet Branch, Ctr Canc Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
   Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD USA.
RP Kaye, FJ (reprint author), USN Hosp, NCI, Naval Med Oncol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
EM fkaye@helix.nih.gov
RI kaye, frederic/E-2437-2011
NR 31
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA
SN 1078-0432
J9 CLIN CANCER RES
JI Clin. Cancer Res.
PD JUL 1
PY 2006
VL 12
IS 13
BP 3878
EP 3881
DI 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-0791
PG 4
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA 062FR
UT WOS:000238930500003
PM 16818681
ER

PT J
AU Ludwig, BB
   Mahon, RT
   Schwartzman, EL
AF Ludwig, Bruce B.
   Mahon, Richard T.
   Schwartzman, Eric L.
TI Cardiopulmonary function after recovery from swimming-induced pulmonary
   edema
SO CLINICAL JOURNAL OF SPORT MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE pulmonary edema; cardiopulmonary exercise testing; pulmonary function
   testing; swimming; echocardiography; immersion; capillary stress failure
ID BLOOD-GAS BARRIER; HIGH-ALTITUDE; LUNG; IMMERSION; WATER; INTEGRITY;
   EXERCISE; FAILURE; HEAD
AB Objective: This study aimed to compare cardiopulmonary function in patients with a history of swimming-induced pulmonary edema (SIPE) with controls by measuring pulmonary function tests, oxygen consumption with exercise, and the pulmonary arterial pressure response to hypoxemia.
   Design: Case control study.
   Setting: Tertiary Military Medical Center.
   Patients: US Navy Special Warfare members who had previously suffered SIPE.
   Interventions: Measurement of pulmonary function tests, cardiopulmonary exercise test, pulmonary artery pressure by echocardiography at rest on room air and with hypoxia.
   Main Outcome Measurements: Pulmonary function testing, carbon monoxide diffusing capacity, maximal oxygen consumption, and pulmonary arterial pressure response to hypoxemia.
   Results: Subjects who previously had SIPE did not demonstrate differences in pulmonary function tests, carbon monoxide diffusing capacity, maximal oxygen consumption, or pulmonary arterial pressure response to hypoxemia.
   Conclusions: Subjects with a history of SIPE do hot have abnormal pulmonary function tests, abnormal exercise capacity, or abnormal pulmonary arterial pressure response to hypoxemia when tested in dry conditions.
C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Undersea Med Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
   Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Pulm & Crit Care, Bethesda, MD USA.
   Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Div Cardiol, Portsmouth, VA USA.
RP Mahon, RT (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Undersea Med Dept, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM MahonR@nmrc.navy.mil
NR 23
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 4
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1050-642X
J9 CLIN J SPORT MED
JI Clin. J. Sport Med.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 16
IS 4
BP 348
EP 351
DI 10.1097/00042752-200607000-00011
PG 4
WC Orthopedics; Physiology; Sport Sciences
SC Orthopedics; Physiology; Sport Sciences
GA 077FD
UT WOS:000240012500011
PM 16858220
ER

PT J
AU Kim, JK
   Hensgen, DA
   Kidd, T
   Siegel, HJ
   John, DS
   Irvine, C
   Levin, T
   Porter, NW
   Prasanna, VK
   Freund, RF
AF Kim, Jong-Kook
   Hensgen, Debra A.
   Kidd, Taylor
   Siegel, Howard Jay
   John, David St.
   Irvine, Cynthia
   Levin, Tim
   Porter, N. Wayne
   Prasanna, Viktor K.
   Freund, Richard F.
TI A flexible multi-dimensional QoS performance measure framework for
   distributed heterogeneous systems
SO CLUSTER COMPUTING-THE JOURNAL OF NETWORKS SOFTWARE TOOLS AND
   APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE distributed computing; heterogeneous computing; performance metrics;
   resource management system; scheduling
ID COMPUTING SYSTEMS; INDEPENDENT TASKS; HEURISTICS
AB When users' tasks in a distributed heterogeneous computing environment (e.g., cluster of heterogeneous computers) are allocated resources, the total demand placed on some system resources by the tasks, for a given interval of time, may exceed the availability of those resources. In such a case, some tasks may receive degraded service or be dropped from the system. One part of a measure to quantify the success of a resource management system (RMS) in such a distributed environment is the collective value of the tasks completed during an interval of time, as perceived by the user, application, or policy maker. The Flexible Integrated System Capability (FISC) measure presented here is a measure for quantifying this collective value. The FISC measure is a flexible multi-dimensional measure such that any task attribute can be inserted and may include priorities, versions of a task or data, deadlines, situational mode, security, application-and domain-specific QoS, and task dependencies. For an environment where it is important to investigate how well data communication requests are satisfied, the data communication request satisfied can be the basis of the FISC measure instead of tasks completed. The motivation behind the FISC measure is to determine the performance of resource management schemes if tasks have multiple attributes that needs to be satisfied. The goal of this measure is to compare the results of different resource management heuristics that are trying to achieve the same performance objective but with different approaches.
C1 Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
   USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
   Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
   Colorado State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
   Anteon Corp, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
   Univ So Calif, Dept Elect Engn Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
   GridIQ, Poway, CA 92064 USA.
   Vidiom Syst, Portland, OR USA.
RP Kim, JK (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM jongkook@purdue.edu; dhensgen@opentv.com; kidd@acm.org;
   hj@colostate.edu; dstjohn@weatherflow.com; irvine@cs.nps.navy.mil;
   levin@cs.nps.navy.mil; Nonnan.Porter@jac.af.mil;
   prasanna@ganges.usc.edu; rffreund@gridiq.com
OI Kim, Jong-Kook/0000-0003-1828-7807
NR 46
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1386-7857
EI 1573-7543
J9 CLUSTER COMPUT
JI Cluster Comput.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 9
IS 3
BP 281
EP 296
DI 10.1007/s10586-006-9741-8
PG 16
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory &
   Methods
SC Computer Science
GA 089TI
UT WOS:000240903400005
ER

PT J
AU Wagner, DK
AF Wagner, DK
TI Weakly 3-conneeted graphs
SO COMBINATORICS PROBABILITY & COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
ID N-CONNECTED GRAPHS; 3-CONNECTED GRAPHS; MATROIDS
AB A 3-connected graph G is weakly 3-connected if, for every edge e of G, at most one of G\e and G/e is 3-connected. The main result of this paper is that any weakly 3-connected graph can be reduced to K-4 by a sequence of simple operations. This extends a result of Dawes [5] on minimally 3-connected graphs.
C1 Off Naval Res, Math Comp & Informat Sci Div, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
RP Wagner, DK (reprint author), Off Naval Res, Math Comp & Informat Sci Div, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
EM wagnerd@onr.navy.mil
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0963-5483
J9 COMB PROBAB COMPUT
JI Comb. Probab. Comput.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 15
IS 4
BP 605
EP 617
DI 10.1017/S0963548305007443
PG 13
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematics; Statistics &
   Probability
SC Computer Science; Mathematics
GA 058OF
UT WOS:000238673600009
ER

PT J
AU Denning, PJ
AF Denning, PJ
TI Infoglut
SO COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM
LA English
DT Editorial Material
AB Overload of cheap information threatens our ability to function in networks; value-recognizing architectures promise significant help.
C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst Informat & Innovat & Superiority, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
   ACM, New York, NY 10036 USA.
RP Denning, PJ (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Cebrowski Inst Informat & Innovat & Superiority, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
EM pjd@nps.edu
NR 8
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 0
U2 5
PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY
PI NEW YORK
PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036 USA
SN 0001-0782
J9 COMMUN ACM
JI Commun. ACM
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 49
IS 7
BP 15
EP 19
DI 10.1145/1121949.1121966
PG 5
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software
   Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA 055JU
UT WOS:000238447400008
ER

PT J
AU Statnikov, R
   Bordetsky, A
   Statnikov, A
   Yanushkevich, I
AF Statnikov, R.
   Bordetsky, A.
   Statnikov, A.
   Yanushkevich, I.
TI Multicriteria analysis tools in real-life problems
SO COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE parameter space investigation (PSI) method; multicriteria analysis;
   multicriteria problems; uniformly distributed sequences; feasible
   solution set
ID OPTIMIZATION
AB Applied optimization problems such as design, identification, design of controlled systems, operational development of prototypes, analysis of large-scale systems, and forecasting from observational data are multicriteria problems in essence. Construction of the feasible solution set is of primary importance in the above problems. The definition of a feasible solution set is usually considered to be the skill of a designer. Even though this skill is essential, it is by no means sufficient for the correct statement of the problem. There are many antagonistic performance criteria and all kinds of constraints in these problems; therefore, it is quite difficult to correctly determine the feasible set. As a result, ill-posed problems are solved, and optimal solutions are searched for far from where they should be. As a consequence, the optimization results have no practical meaning. In this work we propose methods and tools that will assist the designer in defining the feasible solution set correctly. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Informat Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
   Russian Acad Sci, Mech Engn Res Inst, Moscow 101990, Russia.
   Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Biomed Informat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
RP Statnikov, A (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Informat Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM rstatnik@nps.edu; abordets@nps.edu; alexander.statnikov@vanderbilt.edu;
   ivyanushkevich@farm-std.ru
NR 26
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0898-1221
J9 COMPUT MATH APPL
JI Comput. Math. Appl.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 52
IS 1-2
BP 1
EP 32
DI 10.1016/j.camwa.2006.08.002
PG 32
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 092HM
UT WOS:000241087600002
ER

PT J
AU Lemieux, E
   Hartt, WH
AF Lemieux, E.
   Hartt, W. H.
TI Retrofit cathodic protection design for depolarized and partially
   depolarized structure
SO CORROSION
LA English
DT Article
DE cathodic protection; current demand; offshore structures; galvanic
   anode; retrofit; seawater
ID CALCAREOUS DEPOSITS; POLARIZATION; SEAWATER; STEEL; SURFACES
AB Experiments were performed whereby steel specimens in natural seawater were successively cathodically polarized, depolarized or partially depolarized, and then repolarized to simulate the life cycle and retrofit of a galvanic cathodic protection (CP) system on space-frame-type offshore structures. Emphasis was placed upon the current density required for repolarization because of the importance of this parameter in the design of CP retrofit systems. Relationships were established between the steady-state current density during the initial and partial depolarization periods and the current density demand for repolarization.
C1 Florida Atlantic Univ, Ctr marine Mat, Dania, FL 33004 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Marine Corros Facil, Key West, FL 33041 USA.
RP Hartt, WH (reprint author), Florida Atlantic Univ, Ctr marine Mat, Sea Tech Campus,101 N Beach Rd, Dania, FL 33004 USA.
EM hartt@oe.fau.edu
NR 25
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU NATL ASSN CORROSION ENG
PI HOUSTON
PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA
SN 0010-9312
J9 CORROSION
JI Corrosion
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 62
IS 7
BP 584
EP 590
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
   Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 061VX
UT WOS:000238902300005
ER

PT J
AU Diamond, C
   Taylor, TH
   Im, T
   Miradi, M
   Wallace, M
   Anton-Culver, H
AF Diamond, Catherine
   Taylor, Thomas H.
   Im, Theresa
   Miradi, Mohammed
   Wallace, Mark
   Anton-Culver, Hoda
TI Highly active antiretroviral therapy is associated with improved
   survival among patients with AIDS-related primary central nervous system
   non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
SO CURRENT HIV RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE lymphoma; AIDS-related; antiretroviral therapy; highly active; survival;
   central nervous system
AB Highly active retroviral therapy (HAART) has been in widespread use in the United States since 1996. We sought to determine how the use of HAART influenced survival among patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and primary central nervous system (CNS) non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). We used the population-based San Diego and Orange County cancer registry to identify 94 patients with both AIDS and CNS NHL diagnosed 1994-1999, of whom 31 were diagnosed 1996-1999. We performed Kaplan-Meier analyses to compare survival between patients who received HAART at NHL diagnosis or thereafter versus untreated patients and Cox proportional hazard models for adjusted survival. Among the patients diagnosed with NHL in 1996-1999, seven (23%) were taking HAART at the time of NHL diagnosis. Median survival was eight months for those who received HAART at the time of lymphoma diagnosis or after, versus one month for untreated patients. HAART, radiation therapy, and better performance status were associated with improved survival. We conclude that HAART prolongs survival in AIDS-related CNS NHL.
C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine Med Ctr, Dept Med, Orange, CA 92868 USA.
   Scripps Hlth, Dept Med, San Diego, CA USA.
   USN, Med Ctr, Dept Med, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Diamond, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine Med Ctr, Dept Med, 101 City Dr S,Bldg 53 Room 215 Route 81, Orange, CA 92868 USA.
EM diamondc@uci.edu
FU NCI NIH HHS [K07CA096480]
NR 10
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
PI SHARJAH
PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB
   EMIRATES
SN 1570-162X
J9 CURR HIV RES
JI Curr. HIV Res.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 4
IS 3
BP 375
EP 378
DI 10.2174/157016206777709429
PG 4
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
GA 063LY
UT WOS:000239020900013
PM 16842088
ER

PT J
AU Alio, AB
   Bird, LM
   McClellan, SD
   Cunningham, BB
AF Alio, Alessandra B.
   Bird, Lynne M.
   McClellan, Scott D.
   Cunningham, Bari B.
TI Sjogren-Larsson syndrome: A case report and literature review
SO CUTIS
LA English
DT Review
ID ICHTHYOSIS; DIAGNOSIS
AB Sjogren-Larsson syndrome (SLS) is an autosomal recessive neurocutaneous disorder most commonly seen in the Scandinavian population and characterized by congenital ichthyosis, mental retardation, and spastic diplegia or quadriplegia. We report a case of SLS in an 11-month-old girl of Lebanese and Mexican-Syrian ancestry who presented with ichthyosis, developmental delay, and spasticity. Results of an enzymatic assay and genomic DNA testing in cultured skin fibroblasts confirmed a homozygous C237Y mutation. These findings support the rich diversity of mutations associated with this syndrome.
C1 Childrens Hosp, Div Pediat & Adolescent Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92123 USA.
   Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pediat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
   Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
   Childrens Hosp & Med Ctr, Div Dysmorphol Genet, San Diego, CA USA.
   USN, Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Cunningham, BB (reprint author), Childrens Hosp, Div Pediat & Adolescent Dermatol, 8010 Frost St, San Diego, CA 92123 USA.
EM bcunningham@chsd.org
NR 16
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC
PI CHATHAM
PA 7 CENTURY DRIVE, STE 302, CHATHAM, NJ 07928-2402 USA
SN 0011-4162
J9 CUTIS
JI Cutis
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 78
IS 1
BP 61
EP 65
PG 5
WC Dermatology
SC Dermatology
GA 067JO
UT WOS:000239298300009
PM 16903323
ER

PT J
AU Zelickson, B
   Ross, V
   Kist, D
   Counters, J
   Davenport, S
   Spooner, G
AF Zelickson, Brian
   Ross, Victor
   Kist, David
   Counters, Jeff
   Davenport, Scott
   Spooner, Greg
TI Ultrastructural effects of an infrared handpiece on forehead and
   abdominal skin
SO DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY
LA English
DT Article
ID JOINT CAPSULAR COLLAGEN; ENERGY; LASER
AB Background Collagen fibril contraction has been shown to be associated with tissue tightening by nonablative skin rejuvenation. Transmission electron microscopy has proven to be an effective method for characterizing collagen contraction delivered by ablative and nonablative devices used on human skin.
   Objective The purpose of this two-part study was to evaluate ultrastructural changes in cadaveric forehead skin and live abdominal skin by transmission electron microscopy for different fluence levels using the Titan infrared handpiece (Cutera, Inc., Brisbane, CA). This device is a noncoherent selectively filtered infrared device operating in the 1,100- to 1,800-nm bandwidth, intended to provide dermal heating.
   Methods and Materials Cadaveric forehead skin at 37 degrees C was treated with a 1 x 1.5-cm spot at fluences of 50 and 100 J/cm(2). Informed consent was obtained and abdominal skin of one patient (before abdominoplasty) was treated in vivo with a 1 x 1.5-cm spot at fluences of 30, 45, and 65 J/cm(2). Punch biopsies of the treatment areas and a control area were obtained immediately after treatment. Transmission electron microscopy at depths of 0 to 1 and 1 to 2 mm was performed for each biopsy to evaluate morphologic alterations of collagen fibrils in treated areas compared to the control area.
   Results In the cadaveric forehead skin samples, the collagen fibril alteration was greatest in the depth range of 1 to 2 mm for both fluence settings. In the abdominal skin samples, collagen fibril alteration was not seen in the control site but was observed at all treatment levels at both the 0 to 1 and the 1 to 2-mm depths, with the least alteration seen at the shallow depth and the lowest fluence.
   Conclusions Our findings suggest that collagen fibril denaturation, consistent with fibril thermocontraction, occurs immediately after infrared tissue tightening. Collagen denaturation occurs at a depth range appropriate for deep dermal treatments. The peak in collagen fibril alteration at 1 to 2 mm is consistent with contact cooling protecting the more superficial layers of the skin.
C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Dermatol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
   Abbott NW Hosp, Minneapolis, MN 55407 USA.
   USN, Ctr Med, San Diego, CA USA.
   Cutera Inc, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
RP Kist, D (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Dermatol, 4-240 PWB,420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
EM kistx001@umn.edu
NR 9
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1076-0512
J9 DERMATOL SURG
JI Dermatol. Surg.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 32
IS 7
BP 897
EP 901
DI 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2006.32193.x
PG 5
WC Dermatology; Surgery
SC Dermatology; Surgery
GA 063FO
UT WOS:000239003400004
PM 16875471
ER

PT J
AU Eberle, CJ
AF Eberle, Christopher J.
TI The liberal conscience: Politics and principle in a world of religious
   pluralism.
SO ETHICS
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Eberle, CJ (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0014-1704
J9 ETHICS
JI Ethics
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 116
IS 4
BP 813
EP 819
DI 10.1086/504633
PG 7
WC Ethics; Philosophy
SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Philosophy
GA 077FG
UT WOS:000240012900017
ER

PT J
AU Lucke, RL
AF Lucke, Robert L.
TI Reply to Smith's comment on 'Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction and
   Poisson's spot'
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
AB A reply is made to Smith's comment on ` Rayleigh - Sommerfeld diffraction and Poisson's spot' ( 2006 Eur. J. Phys. 27 193 - 204).
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Lucke, RL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0143-0807
J9 EUR J PHYS
JI Eur. J. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 4
BP L25
EP L25
DI 10.1088/0143-0807/27/4/L02
PG 1
WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Education & Educational Research; Physics
GA 071TT
UT WOS:000239626300033
ER

PT J
AU Farahmand, K
   Kaufman, JW
AF Farahmand, K
   Kaufman, JW
TI Measurement of time constant of wet-bulb thermocouple in air
SO EXPERIMENTAL HEAT TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
DE fine thermocouple; time constant; response time in air; wet-bulb
   thermocouple; velocity-time constant correlation
AB An experimental apparatus was built to measure the time constant of fine wet-bulb thermocouples in air. Rapid response solenoid valves (15 msec response time) were used to control airflow through tubing into which wet-bulb thermocouples were placed. Wet-bulb thermocouples (type T, 0.005 cm diameter) with the tip (bead) covered with a moistened wick were tested. Experiments were performed for air velocities ranging from 1.50 to 2.5 m sec(-1) (Reynolds number of 2,500 to 4,500) and wet-bulb temperature ranging from 12.5 to 17.4 degrees C. Experimental conditions were selected to simulate human respiratory conditions. Correlation between airflow velocity and wet-bulb thermocouple time constants was not significant at all levels.
C1 N Dakota State Univ, Dept Ind & Mfg Engn, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
   USN, Environm Physiol & Human Performance Lab, Crew Syst Engn Dept, Air Warfare Ctr Aircraft Div, Patuxent River, MD USA.
RP Farahmand, K (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Ind & Mfg Engn, 1410 14th Ave N,Room CIE 202, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
EM kambiz.farahmand@ndsu.edu
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0891-6152
J9 EXP HEAT TRANSFER
JI Exp. Heat Transf.
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2006
VL 19
IS 3
BP 165
EP 180
DI 10.1080/08916150500479430
PG 16
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA 051WY
UT WOS:000238193600001
ER

PT J
AU Glebovsky, VY
   Kaminsky, VD
   Minakov, AN
   Merkur'ev, SA
   Childers, VA
   Brozena, JM
AF Glebovsky, V. Yu.
   Kaminsky, V. D.
   Minakov, A. N.
   Merkur'ev, S. A.
   Childers, V. A.
   Brozena, J. M.
TI Formation of the Eurasia Basin in the arctic ocean as inferred from
   geohistorical analysis of the anomalous magnetic
SO GEOTECTONICS
LA English
DT Article
ID PLATE-TECTONICS; NORTH-ATLANTIC; SEA; FLOOR; RATES
AB A new combined magnetic database and a magnetic-profile map are developed for the Eurasia Basin as a result of adjusting all available historical and recent Russian and American magnetic data sets. The geohistorical analysis of magnetic data includes several steps: identification of linear magnetic anomalies along each trackline, calculation of the Euler rotation pole positions for the relative motion of the North American and Eurasian plates, analysis of temporal and spatial variations in the spreading rate, and plate reconstructions. The pattern of key Cenozoic magnetic isochrons (24, 20, 18, 13, 6, 5, 2a) is constructed for the entire Eurasia Basin. In the western half of the basin, this pattern is consistent with a recently published scheme [16]. In its eastern half, magnetic isochrons are determined in detail for the first time and traced up to the Laptev Sea shelf. The main stages in the seafloor spreading are established for the Eurasia Basin. Each stage is characterized by a specific spreading rate and the degree of asymmetry of the basin opening. The revealed differences are traced along the Gakkel Ridge. Systematic patterns in wandering of the Eurasia Basin opening pole are established for particular stages. The continent-ocean transition zone corresponding to the primary rupture between plates is outlined in the region under consideration on the basis of gravimetric data. The nature of different potential fields and bottom topography on opposite sides of the Gakkel Ridge is discussed. The characteristic features of the basin-bottom formation at main stages of its evolution are specified on the basis of new and recently published data. The results obtained are in good agreement with plate geodynamics of the North Atlantic and the adjacent Arctic basins.
C1 All Russia Res Inst Geol & Mineral Resources Worl, St Petersburg 190121, Russia.
   Russian Acad Sci, Inst Terr Magnetism Ionosphere & Radiowave Propag, St Petersburg Branch, St Petersburg 191023, Russia.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Glebovsky, VY (reprint author), All Russia Res Inst Geol & Mineral Resources Worl, Angliiskii Pr 1, St Petersburg 190121, Russia.
EM gleb@vniio.niv.ru
RI Merkuryev, Sergey/K-1202-2015
OI Merkuryev, Sergey/0000-0002-1520-110X
NR 44
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 1
U2 9
PU INTERPERIODICA
PI BIRMINGHAM
PA PO BOX 1831, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35201-1831 USA
SN 0016-8521
J9 GEOTECTONICS+
JI Geotectonics
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2006
VL 40
IS 4
BP 263
EP 281
DI 10.1134/S0016852106040029
PG 19
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 110LP
UT WOS:000242380700002
ER

PT J
AU Currie, M
   Vurgaftman, I
AF Currie, Marc
   Vurgaftman, Igor
TI Microwave phase retardation in saturated InGaAs photodetectors
SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE high-power photodetectors; photodetectors; photodiodes; saturation
   current
ID ULTRAFAST
AB Under high optical fluence, the time-domain saturation of photodetectors is observed by a broadened peak as well as an increase in fall time. As the intensity of an optical pulse train of 2-ps pulses at 1 GHz is increased, an InGaAs p-i-n photodetector moves from an unsaturated to a saturated regime. The resulting electrical pulse's centroid moves later in time as the optical fluence is increased. This pulse centroid motion during photodetector saturation fits a linear shift in the detected phase of the microwave oscillator impressed upon the optical carrier producing an amplitude-to-phase converter.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Currie, M (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM marc.currie@nrl.navy.mil
NR 9
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 1041-1135
J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L
JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2006
VL 18
IS 13-16
BP 1433
EP 1435
DI 10.1109/LPT.2006.877552
PG 3
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA 082WL
UT WOS:000240417800011
ER

PT J
AU Campillo, AL
AF Campillo, Anthony L.
TI Polarization-based single-sideband suppressed carrier modulator
SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE modulation; optical fiber communication; optical modulation; optical
   polarization
ID SYSTEMS; LINKS
AB A method for generating single-sideband suppressed carrier modulation using a modulator consisting of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a polarizing element is proposed. The technique is demonstrated using a dual-drive Mach-Zehnder modulator, a 90 degrees RF hybrid, and a polarizing beam splitter. A sideband suppression of 20 dB and a carrier suppression of 32 dB are obtained.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Campillo, AL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM anthony.l.campillo@nrl.navy.mil
NR 8
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 1041-1135
J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L
JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2006
VL 18
IS 13-16
BP 1780
EP 1782
DI 10.1109/LPT.2006.880768
PG 3
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA 082WL
UT WOS:000240417800125
ER

PT J
AU Blunt, SD
   Gerlach, K
AF Blunt, Shannon D.
   Gerlach, Karl
TI Multistatic adaptive pulse compression
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
ID RECEIVER
AB A new technique denoted as multistatic adaptive pulse compression (MAPC) is introduced which exploits recent work on adaptive pulse compression (APC) in order to jointly separate and pulse compress the concurrently received return signals from K proximate multistatic radars operating (i.e., transmitting) within the same spectrum. For the return signal from a single pulse of a monostatic radar, APC estimates the particular receive filter for a given range cell in a Bayesian sense reiteratively by employing the matched filter estimates of the surrounding range cell values as a priori knowledge in order to place temporal (i.e., range) nulls at the relative ranges occupied by large targets and thereby suppress range sidelobes to the level of the noise. The MAPC approach generalizes the APC concept by jointly estimating the particular receive filter for each range cell associated with each of several concurrently-received radar return signals occupying the same spectrum. As such, MAPC is found to enable shared-spectrum multistatic operation and is shown to yield substantial performance improvement in the presence of multiple spectrum-sharing radars as compared with both standard matched filters and standard least-squares mismatched filters.
C1 Univ Kansas, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Syst, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Blunt, SD (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Syst, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
EM sdblunt@eecs.ku.edu
NR 18
TC 23
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9251
J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS
JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 42
IS 3
BP 891
EP 903
DI 10.1109/TAES.2006.248196
PG 13
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic;
   Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 110FB
UT WOS:000242362600010
ER

PT J
AU Blunt, SD
   Gerlach, K
   Rangaswamy, M
AF Blunt, Shannon D.
   Gerlach, Karl
   Rangaswamy, Muralidhar
TI STAP using knowledge-aided covariance estimation and the FRACTA
   algorithm
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
ID ADAPTIVE ARRAYS; MATRIX; RADAR
AB In the airborne space-time adaptive processing (STAP) a priori information via knowledge-aided covariance estimation (KACE) is employed in order to reduce the required sample support for application to heterogeneous clutter scenarios. The enhanced FRACTA (FRACTAX) algorithm with KACE as well as Doppler-sensitive adaptive coherence estimation (DS-ACE) is applied to the KASSPER I & II data sets where it is shown via simulation that near-clairvoyant detection performance is maintained with as little as 1/3 of the normally required number of training data samples. The KASSPER I & II data sets are simulated high-fidelity heterogeneous clutter scenarios which possess several groups of dense targets. KACE provides a priori information about the clutter covariance matrix by exploiting approximately known operating parameters about the radar platform such as pulse repetition frequency (PRF), crab angle, and platform velocity. In addition, the DS-ACE detector is presented which provides greater robustness for low sample support by mitigating false alarms from undernulled clutter near the clutter ridge while maintaining sufficient sensitivity away from the clutter ridge to enable effective target detection performance.
C1 Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   USAF, Res Lab, SNHE, Bedford, MA 01731 USA.
RP Blunt, SD (reprint author), Univ Kansas, 2335 Irving Hill Rd, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
NR 37
TC 26
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9251
J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS
JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 42
IS 3
BP 1043
EP 1057
DI 10.1109/TAES.2006.248197
PG 15
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic;
   Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 110FB
UT WOS:000242362600020
ER

PT J
AU Gong, Q
   Kang, W
   Ross, IM
AF Gong, Qi
   Kang, Wei
   Ross, I. Michael
TI A pseudospectral method for the optimal control of constrained feedback
   linearizable systems
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE constrained optimal control; pseudospectral; nonlinear systems
ID DIRECT TRAJECTORY OPTIMIZATION; APPROXIMATIONS; CONVERGENCE; ALGORITHM
AB We consider the optimal control of feedback linearizable dynamical systems subject to mixed state and control constraints. In general, a linearizing feedback control does not minimize the cost function. Such problems arise frequently in astronautical applications where stringent performance requirements demand optimality over feedback linearizing controls. In this paper, we consider a pseudospectral (PS) method to compute optimal controls. We prove that a sequence of solutions to the PS-discretized constrained problem converges to the optimal solution of the continuous-time optimal control problem under mild and numerically verifiable conditions. The spectral coefficients of the state trajectories provide a practical method to verify the convergence of the computed solution. The proposed ideas are illustrated by several numerical examples.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
   USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Gong, Q (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM qgong@nps.edu; wkang@nps.edu; imross@nps.edu
NR 48
TC 106
Z9 120
U1 0
U2 13
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9286
J9 IEEE T AUTOMAT CONTR
JI IEEE Trans. Autom. Control
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 51
IS 7
BP 1115
EP 1129
DI 10.1109/TAC.2006.878570
PG 15
WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering
GA 065MK
UT WOS:000239163800003
ER

PT J
AU Sletten, MA
AF Sletten, Mark A.
TI An analysis of gradient-induced distortion in ATI-SAR imagery of surface
   currents
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE interferometric SAR; SARI; surface currents
ID SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR; TRACK INTERFEROMETRIC SAR; DUAL-BEAM
   INTERFEROMETRY; OCEAN COHERENCE TIME; BAY OUTFLOW PLUME; ALONG-TRACK;
   WAVES; VELOCITY
AB This paper summarizes an analysis of gradient-induced distortions in the surface current estimates generated by along-track interferometric SAR (ATI-SAR) systems. In the presence of spatial current gradients, an effect akin to velocity bunching can cause distortion in the measured current profiles. This distortion is caused by variation in the azimuthal displacement induced by the current itself. Up to a point, these distortions can be removed by a straightforward, spatial remapping of the interferogram pixels based upon their phase values. However, there is a critical current gradient beyond which the true surface current field is not recoverable. This mechanism is compounded in dual-beam ATI-SAR systems designed to estimate the surface current vector using only a single aircraft pass. In such systems, interferograms from two squinted beams, one squinted forward of broadside and the other squinted aft by the same amount, are combined to measure the full surface current vector. However, when the current vector does not bisect the angle between the two beams, the along-track component of the current induces unequal azimuthal displacements in the fore- and aft-squinted interferograms. As a result, the two interferograms will not be spatially registered, in that corresponding pixels in the fore- and aft-interferograms will be related to currents at spatially distinct points on the water surface. Additional vector distortions will, therefore, occur in and around the gradient region. These effects are explored through an approximate, linear analysis as well as through an ATI-SAR model that accounts for nonlinearity and finite spatial resolution, using the current gradients present in rivers as an example.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Sletten, MA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM mark.sletten@nrl.navy.mil
NR 26
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 6
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0196-2892
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 44
IS 7
BP 1995
EP 2002
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2006.872295
PN 2
PG 8
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
   Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
   & Photographic Technology
GA 061IL
UT WOS:000238864900006
ER

PT J
AU Urick, VJ
   Rogge, MS
   Bucholtz, F
   Williams, KJ
AF Urick, Vincent J.
   Rogge, Matthew S.
   Bucholtz, Frank
   Williams, Keith J.
TI The performance of analog photonic links employing highly compressed
   erbium-doped fiber amplifiers
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 18th Asis-Pacific Microwave Conference
CY DEC 12-15, 2006
CL Yokohama, JAPAN
DE microwave photonics; optical amplification; relative intensity noise
   (RIN)
AB We present the tradeoffs of employing highly compressed erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) in analog microwave photonic links. We employ the newly developed concept of noise penalty and introduce the concept of generalized relative intensity noise to facilitate system design. Theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that a highly compressed EDFA: 1) can achieve near shot-noise-limited performance, even with large optical noise figure and 2) can simultaneously increase the spurious-free dynamic range,. increase the compression dynamic range, increase the analog gain, and decrease the analog noise figure, as compared to an unamplified link with identical components.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Urick, VJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM vurick@ccs.nrl.navy.mil
NR 8
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9480
J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY
JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 54
IS 7
BP 3141
EP 3145
DI 10.1109/TMTT.2006.877065
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 065MH
UT WOS:000239163500032
ER

PT J
AU Yost, DS
AF Yost, DS
TI France's new nuclear doctrine
SO INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
LA English
DT Article
AB The new nuclear deterrence doctrine announced by President Jacques Chirac in January 2006 has rightly been recognized as a milestone, although in fact several of the key changes in policy were set forth in June 2001. While France remains determined to deter major power threats, its main new preoccupation is deterring regional powers by making clear that it has developed more employable nuclear options. The innovations announced in January 2006 include the focus on deterring state sponsors of terrorism, the threat to attach an enemy's 'capacity to act', the more discriminate and controllable employment options, the willingness to launch 'final warning' strikes, the description of 'strategic supplies' as a potential vital interest, and the presentation of nuclear deterrence as the foundation of a strategy of prevention and, when necessary, conventional military intervention. Several factors may have led Chirac to make the speech at this juncture. These include maintaining the credibility of deterrence and presidential power, sustaining the budgetary effort required for the nuclear posture, clarifying French deterrence doctrine for external and internal audiences, and sending a message of autonomy to Iran's and France's key European partners. The new doctrine's implications include its significance for deterrence and non-proliferation and for France's relations with its partners in NATO and the European Union.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
RP Yost, DS (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
NR 49
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 5
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0020-5850
J9 INT AFF
JI Int. Aff.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 82
IS 4
BP 701
EP +
DI 10.1111/j.1468-2346.2006.00564.x
PG 22
WC International Relations
SC International Relations
GA 055YF
UT WOS:000238486500007
ER

PT J
AU Sangiray, H
   Nguyen, JC
   Turiansky, GW
   Norwood, C
AF Sangiray, H
   Nguyen, JC
   Turiansky, GW
   Norwood, C
TI Pyoderma gangrenosum occurring near an arteriovenous dialysis shunt
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
AB Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is an uncommon cutaneous disease of unknown etiology. In 50 percent of affected patients, PG is associated with systemic disease including inflammatory bowel disease, arthritis, and hematologic malignancies.(1) Diagnosis of PG is based on clinical presentation, histopathology and on the exclusion of other diseases that can produce clinically similar lesions, e.g. infection, vasculitis, malignancy, collagen vascular diseases, diabetes, and trauma. Four variants of PG have been described: ulcerative, pustular, bullous, and vegetative.(2) We report a woman with renal failure who developed PG in the absence of any obvious triggering trauma in a distinctive unilateral crop just distal to an arteriovenous dialysis shunt.
C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD USA.
   Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA.
RP Norwood, C (reprint author), USN Dept, NNM, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
EM cnorwood@growehill.com
NR 6
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0011-9059
J9 INT J DERMATOL
JI Int. J. Dermatol.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 45
IS 7
BP 851
EP 853
DI 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2006.02484.x
PG 3
WC Dermatology
SC Dermatology
GA 059RF
UT WOS:000238749200013
PM 16863525
ER

PT J
AU Jones, GM
   Hu, BH
   Yang, CH
   Yang, MJ
   Reno, JL
AF Jones, G. M.
   Hu, B. H.
   Yang, C. H.
   Yang, M. J.
   Reno, J. L.
TI An enhancement-mode GaAs heterojunction transistor using
   benzocyclobutene as gate dielectric
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTIZED CONDUCTANCE; INSULATOR
AB We propose and demonstrate an enhancement-mode Al(x)Ga(1-x)As/GaAs single heterojunction field-effect transistor, in which the gate dielectric consists of an epitaxial Al(x)Ga(1-x)As layer and spin-on benzocyclobutene. The as-grown sample is undoped and, as a result, nonconductive at 4.2 K. However, under a positive gate bias, high mobility two-dimensional electrons at the heterointerface are induced, as evidenced by magnetotransport characteristics. Numerical simulations of a model structure provide insight into applications in mesoscopic devices. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20904 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Yang, CH (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20904 USA.
EM yang@umd.edu
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JUL 1
PY 2006
VL 100
IS 1
AR 014508
DI 10.1063/1.2209724
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 063YS
UT WOS:000239056400098
ER

PT J
AU Goodman, L
   Levine, ER
   Lueck, RG
AF Goodman, Louis
   Levine, Edward R.
   Lueck, Rolf G.
TI On measuring the terms of the turbulent kinetic energy budget from an
   AUV
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID STRATIFIED FLUID; MICROSTRUCTURE; SUBMARINE; OCEAN
AB The terms of the steady-state, homogeneous turbulent kinetic energy budgets are obtained from measurements of turbulence and fine structure from the small autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) Remote Environmental Measuring Units (REMUS). The transverse component of Reynolds stress and the vertical flux of heat are obtained from the correlation of vertical and transverse horizontal velocity, and the correlation of vertical velocity and temperature fluctuations, respectively. The data were obtained using a turbulence package, with two shear probes, a fast-response thermistor, and three accelerometers. To obtain the vector horizontal Reynolds stress, a generalized eddy viscosity formulation is invoked. This allows the downstream component of the Reynolds stress to be related to the transverse component by the direction of the finescale vector vertical shear. The Reynolds stress and the vector vertical shear then allow an estimate of the rate of production of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE). Heat flux is obtained by correlating the vertical velocity with temperature fluctuations obtained from the FP-07 thermistor. The buoyancy flux term is estimated from the vertical flux of heat with the assumption of a constant temperature-salinity (T-S) relationship. Turbulent dissipation is obtained directly from the usage of shear probes. A multivariate correction procedure is developed to remove vehicle motion and vibration contamination from the estimates of the TKE terms. A technique is also developed to estimate the statistical uncertainty of using this estimation technique for the TKE budget terms. Within the statistical uncertainty of the estimates herein, the TKE budget on average closes for measurements taken in the weakly stratified waters at the entrance to Long Island Sound. In the strongly stratified waters of Narragansett Bay, the TKE budget closes when the buoyancy Reynolds number exceeds 20, an indicator and threshold for the initiation of turbulence in stratified conditions. A discussion is made regarding the role of the turbulent kinetic energy length scale relative to the length of the AUV in obtaining these estimates, and in the TKE budget closure.
C1 Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, New Bedford, MA 02744 USA.
   Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Autonomous Syst & Technol Dept, Newport, RI USA.
   Univ Victoria, Sch Earth & Ocean Sci, Victoria, BC, Canada.
RP Goodman, L (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, 706 S Rodney Fresh Blvd, New Bedford, MA 02744 USA.
EM lgoodman@umassd.edu
NR 30
TC 43
Z9 44
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 23
IS 7
BP 977
EP 990
DI 10.1175/JTECH1889.1
PG 14
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 069MH
UT WOS:000239450600010
ER

PT J
AU Patz, TM
   Doraiswamy, A
   Narayan, RJ
   He, W
   Zhong, Y
   Bellamkonda, R
   Modi, R
   Chrisey, DB
AF Patz, TM
   Doraiswamy, A
   Narayan, RJ
   He, W
   Zhong, Y
   Bellamkonda, R
   Modi, R
   Chrisey, DB
TI Three-dimensional direct writing of B35 neuronal cells
SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE direct writing; tissue engineering; peripheral nerve repair
ID PERIPHERAL-NERVE REGENERATION; ENTUBULATION REPAIR; GUIDANCE CHANNELS;
   SYSTEM; DEPOSITION; PROSTHESES; COLLAGEN; MATRIX; MODEL; FILMS
AB We have demonstrated two-dimensional and three-dimensional transfer of B35 neuronal cells onto and within polymerized Matrigel (R) substrates, using matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation-direct write (MDW). The B35 cells were transferred from a quartz ribbon to depths of up to 75 mu m by systematically varying the fluence emitted from the ArF (lambda = 193 nm) laser source. MDW-transferred cells were examined using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase biotin-dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and a-tubulin staining. Confocal microscopy has shown that the transferred B35 cells extended their axons outward in three dimensions within the polymerized Matrigel substrate. The B35 cells made axonal connections and formed a three-dimensional neural network within 72 h after MDW transfer. In addition, TUNEL staining demonstrated that only 3% of the B35 cells underwent apoptosis after being transferred using the MDW process. MDW and other emergent direct write processes may provide unique approaches for creating layered, heterogeneous, three-dimensional cell-seeded scaffolds for use in peripheral nerve repair. (c) 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
   Georgia Inst Technol, Coulter Dept Biomed Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Narayan, RJ (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Joint Dept Biomed Engn, 152 MacNider Hall,Campus Box 7575, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM roger_narayan@unc.edu
RI Narayan, Roger/J-2789-2013; He, Wei/K-7218-2013
OI Narayan, Roger/0000-0002-4876-9869; 
NR 26
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 4
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4973
J9 J BIOMED MATER RES B
JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 78B
IS 1
BP 124
EP 130
DI 10.1002/jbm.b.30473
PG 7
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 059MQ
UT WOS:000238737300017
PM 16333853
ER

PT J
AU Thomas, GF
   King, CL
   Baroni, B
   Cook, L
   Keitelman, M
   Miller, S
   Wardle, A
AF Thomas, GF
   King, CL
   Baroni, B
   Cook, L
   Keitelman, M
   Miller, S
   Wardle, A
TI Reconceptualizing e-mail overload
SO JOURNAL OF BUSINESS AND TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION
LA English
DT Article
DE e-mail; e-mail overload; information overload; technology; discourse
   analysis
ID ELECTRONIC MAIL; MEDIA RICHNESS; COMMUNICATION; PERCEPTIONS;
   INFORMATION; CHOICE; GENRES
AB This study explores social processes associated with e-mail overload, drawing on Sproull and Kiesler's first- and second-order effects of communication technologies and Boden's theory of lamination. In a three-part study, the authors examined e-mail interactions from a government organization by logging e-mails, submitting an e-mail string to close textual analysis, and analyzing focus group data about e-mail overload. The results reveal three characteristics that contribute to e-mail overload-unstable requests, pressures to respond, and the delegation of tasks and shifting interactants-suggesting that e-mail talk, as social interaction, may both create and affect overload.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Thomas, GF (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM gthomas@nps.edu; clking@nps.edu
NR 51
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 7
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 1050-6519
J9 J BUS TECH COMMUN
JI J. Bus. Tech. Commun.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 20
IS 3
BP 252
EP 287
DI 10.1177/1050651906287253
PG 36
WC Business; Communication
SC Business & Economics; Communication
GA 059VG
UT WOS:000238759700002
ER

PT J
AU Casalini, R
   Mohanty, U
   Roland, CM
AF Casalini, R.
   Mohanty, U.
   Roland, C. M.
TI Thermodynamic interpretation of the scaling of the dynamics of
   supercooled liquids
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Review
ID GLASS-FORMING LIQUIDS; EQUATION-OF-STATE; LOCAL SEGMENTAL DYNAMICS;
   DIAMOND-ANVIL CELL; HIGH-PRESSURE; PHOTON-CORRELATION; CONFIGURATIONAL
   ENTROPY; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; STRUCTURAL RELAXATION;
   TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE
AB The recently discovered scaling law for the relaxation times, tau(T,upsilon)=J(T upsilon(gamma)), where T is temperature and upsilon the specific volume, is derived by a revision of the entropy model of the glass transition dynamics originally proposed by Avramov [J. Non-Cryst. Solids 262, 258 (2000)]. In this modification the entropy is calculated by an alternative route. The resulting expression for the variation of the relaxation time with T and upsilon is shown to accurately fit experimental data for several glass-forming liquids and polymers over an extended range encompassing the dynamic crossover. From this analysis, which is valid for any model in which the relaxation time is a function of the entropy, we find that the scaling exponent gamma can be identified with the Gruneisen constant.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   George Mason Univ, Dept Chem, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
   Boston Coll, Dept Chem, Newton, MA 02467 USA.
RP Casalini, R (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM casalini@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; mohanty@bc.edu; roland@nrl.navy.mil
NR 106
TC 104
Z9 104
U1 1
U2 18
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JUL 1
PY 2006
VL 125
IS 1
AR 014505
DI 10.1063/1.2206582
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 061CT
UT WOS:000238849500035
PM 16863314
ER

PT J
AU Boraz, SC
   Bruneau, TC
AF Boraz, Steven C.
   Bruneau, Thomas C.
TI Democracy and effectiveness
SO JOURNAL OF DEMOCRACY
LA English
DT Article
C1 RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA.
   US Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Boraz, SC (reprint author), RAND Corp, POB 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA.
NR 14
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS
PI BALTIMORE
PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD
   21218-4363 USA
SN 1045-5736
J9 J DEMOCR
JI J. Democr.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 17
IS 3
BP 28
EP 42
DI 10.1353/jod.2006.0042
PG 15
WC Political Science
SC Government & Law
GA 067IJ
UT WOS:000239294900003
ER

PT J
AU Dombroski, KR
AF Dombroski, Kenneth R.
TI South Africa after apartheid
SO JOURNAL OF DEMOCRACY
LA English
DT Article
C1 US Naval Postgrad Sch, Sch Int Grad Studies, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Dombroski, KR (reprint author), US Naval Postgrad Sch, Sch Int Grad Studies, Monterey, CA USA.
NR 14
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS
PI BALTIMORE
PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD
   21218-4363 USA
SN 1045-5736
J9 J DEMOCR
JI J. Democr.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 17
IS 3
BP 43
EP 57
DI 10.1353/jod.2006.0044
PG 15
WC Political Science
SC Government & Law
GA 067IJ
UT WOS:000239294900004
ER

PT J
AU Tsypkin, M
AF Tsypkin, Mikhail
TI Russia's failure
SO JOURNAL OF DEMOCRACY
LA English
DT Article
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Tsypkin, M (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Monterey, CA USA.
NR 4
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS
PI BALTIMORE
PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD
   21218-4363 USA
SN 1045-5736
J9 J DEMOCR
JI J. Democr.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 17
IS 3
BP 72
EP 85
DI 10.1353/jod.2006.0055
PG 14
WC Political Science
SC Government & Law
GA 067IJ
UT WOS:000239294900006
ER

PT J
AU Barry, JD
   Durkovich, DW
   Williams, SR
AF Barry, JD
   Durkovich, DW
   Williams, SR
TI Vasopressin treatment for cyclic antidepressant overdose
SO JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE cyclic antidepressant; vasopressin; hypotension; poisoning; overdose
ID MILRINONE-INDUCED HYPOTENSION; LOW-DOSE VASOPRESSIN; SEVERE SEPTIC
   SHOCK; ARGININE-VASOPRESSIN; VASODILATORY SHOCK; HEMODYNAMICS;
   MANAGEMENT; DEFICIENCY
AB Due to neurotransmitter reuptake inhibition, peripheral alpha receptor blocking effects, and sodium channel blockade, severe cyclic antidepressant poisoning may lead to intractable hypotension. We report a case of severe amitriptyline toxicity, with hypotension unresponsive to direct alpha receptor agonists after pH manipulation, but improved with intravenous vasopressin. Vasopressin use in the setting of cyclic antidepressant toxicity has not been previously reported. Vasopressin may be a beneficial agent in the treatment of recalcitrant hypotension associated with poisoning or overdose. The anecdotal nature of this report must be emphasized and the use of vasopressin requires further research to define efficacy, dose, and potential side effects. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc.
C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
   USN, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
   Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
RP Barry, JD (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.
NR 19
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0736-4679
J9 J EMERG MED
JI J. Emerg. Med.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 31
IS 1
BP 65
EP 68
DI 10.1016/j.jemermed.2005.08.012
PG 4
WC Emergency Medicine
SC Emergency Medicine
GA 060AZ
UT WOS:000238774900014
PM 16798158
ER

PT J
AU Kalyon, DM
   Gevgilili, H
   Kowalczyk, JE
   Prickett, SE
   Murphy, CM
AF Kalyon, Dilhan M.
   Gevgilili, Halil
   Kowalczyk, James E.
   Prickett, Suzanne E.
   Murphy, Constance M.
TI Use of adjustable-gap on-line and off-line slit rheometers for the
   characterization of the wall slip and shear viscosity behavior of
   energetic formulations
SO JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE adjustable-gap; energetic; rheometer; slit
ID SUSPENSIONS
AB It is difficult to characterize the rheological behavior of energetic suspensions due to their viscoplasticity and wall slip. The use of the rectangular slit geometry, as an on-line or off-line rheometer is advantageous provided that the surface to volume ratio of the slit die can be systematically varied to allow the wall slip corrections to be made. Here two rectangular slit rheometers designed and built to handle the rheological behavior of energetic suspensions are presented. The gap of these rheometers is variable to give the user the ability to vary the gap and hence the wall shear rate, thus enabling wall slip corrections to be made. A series of pressure transducers, flush with the wall, are used to determine the pressure drop over the fully developed flow region and hence the wall shear stress directly from the fully developed pressure gradient. The ability to independently vary the mass flow rate and the gap opening allows one to carry- out the wall slip corrections and hence obtain the wall slip velocity versus the shear stress data, which can then be used as the boundary condition during the simulation of the die and extrusion flows and at the same time allow the determination of accurate shear viscosity data. A set of data systematically collected with an on-line slit rheometer with a continuously adjustable gap to characterize the wall slip velocity as well as the shear viscosity material function of a LOVA formulation as a function of deformation rate, solvent concentration, and temperature is used to illustrate the working principles of the on- line and off-line adjustable-gap rheometers.
C1 Stevens Inst Technol, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA.
   Mat Proc & Res Inc, Hackensack, NJ USA.
   USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD USA.
RP Kalyon, DM (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Castle Point, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA.
EM dkalyon@stevens.edu
NR 13
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 11
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0737-0652
J9 J ENERG MATER
JI J. Energ. Mater.
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2006
VL 24
IS 3
BP 175
EP 193
DI 10.1080/07370650600791080
PG 19
WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical;
   Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Engineering; Materials Science
GA 078MV
UT WOS:000240108800002
ER

PT J
AU Oweis, GF
   Fry, D
   Chesnakas, CJ
   Jessup, SD
   Ceccio, SL
AF Oweis, Ghanem F.
   Fry, David
   Chesnakas, Chris J.
   Jessup, Stuart D.
   Ceccio, Steven L.
TI Development of a tip-leakage flow - Part 1: The flow over a range of
   Reynolds numbers
SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
ID VORTEX PAIRS; VORTICES; DYNAMICS; NOISE
AB An extensive experimental investigation was carried out to examine the tip-leakage flow on ducted propulsors. The flow field around three-bladed, ducted rotors operating in uniform inflow was measured in detail with three-dimensional laser Doppler velocimetry and planar particle imaging velocimetry. Two geometrically similar ducted rotors were tested over a Reynolds number range from 0.7 X 10(6) to 9.2 X 10(6) in order to determine how the tip-leakage flow varied with Reynolds number. An identification procedure was used to discern and quantify regions of concentrated vorticity in instantaneous flow fields. Multiple vortices were identified in the wake of the blade tip, with the largest vortex being associated with the tip-leakage flow, and the secondary vortices being associated with the trailing edge vortex and other blade-wake vortices. The evolution of identified vortex quantities with downstream distance is examined. It was found that the strength and core size of the vortices are weakly dependent on Reynolds number but there are indications that they are affected by variations in the inflowing wall boundary layer on the duct. The core size of the tip-leakage vortex does not vary strongly with varying boundary layer thickness on the blades. Instead, its dimension is on the order of the tip clearance. There is significant flow variability for all Reynolds numbers and rotor configurations. Scaled velocity fluctuations near the axis of the primary vortex increase significantly with downstream distance, suggesting the presence of spatially uncorrelated fine scale secondary vortices and the possible existence of three-dimensional vortex-vortex interactions.
C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
   Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
RP Oweis, GF (reprint author), Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Mech Engn, 3 Dag Hammarskjold Plz, New York, NY 10017 USA.
EM ceccio@engin.umich.edu
NR 14
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 3
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0098-2202
J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME
JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 128
IS 4
BP 751
EP 764
DI 10.1115/1.2201616
PG 14
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 069AZ
UT WOS:000239418300012
ER

PT J
AU Oweis, GF
   Fry, D
   Chesnakas, CJ
   Jessup, SD
   Ceccio, SL
AF Oweis, Ghanem F.
   Fry, David
   Chesnakas, Chris J.
   Jessup, Stuart D.
   Ceccio, Steven L.
TI Development of a tip-leakage flow - Part 2: Comparison between the
   ducted and un-ducted rotor
SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
ID CAVITATION; VORTICES
AB The vortical flow in the tip region of a three-bladed rotor was examined using particle imaging velocimetry (PIV). The vortex forming at the tip of the un-ducted propeller was compared to the tip-leakage vortex of the ducted rotor. The planar flow fields were used to identify regions of concentrated vorticity and determine instantaneous vortex properties, revealing the presence of a primary tip-leakage vortex surrounded by a number of secondary vortices. Comparison between the ducted and un-ducted rotor indicated that the presence of the duct reduced the relative strength of the primary tip vortex, making its strength a smaller fraction of the overall shed circulation near the tip. The weaker tip-leakage vortex then became closer in strength to the other secondary vortices in the tip-flow region. However, for the rotor tip geometry considered here, the radius of the primary vortex core did not vary substantially between the ducted and un-ducted cases. The variability of the flow was larger for the ducted case, in terms of the primary vortex position, its identified circulation, core size, and inferred core pressure. This variability was also observed in the scaled velocity fluctuations near the core of the vortex.
C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
   Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
RP Oweis, GF (reprint author), Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Mech Engn, 3 Dag Hammarskjold Plz, New York, NY 10017 USA.
EM ceccio@engin.umich.edu
NR 7
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 6
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0098-2202
J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME
JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 128
IS 4
BP 765
EP 773
DI 10.1115/1.2201619
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 069AZ
UT WOS:000239418300013
ER

PT J
AU Lau, J
   Joshi, SS
   Agrawal, BN
   Kim, JW
AF Lau, Jimmy
   Joshi, Sanjay S.
   Agrawal, Brij N.
   Kim, Jong-Woo
TI Investigation of periodic-disturbance identification and rejection in
   spacecraft
SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTROL-SYSTEM; TELESCOPE
AB Spacecraft periodic-disturbance rejection using a realistic spacecraft hardware simulator and its associated models is investigated. The effectiveness of the dipole-type disturbance rejection filter on the current realistic nonlinear rigid-body spacecraft model is validated. However, it is shown that the rejection filter is not robust to disturbance frequency uncertainty. Therefore, system identification techniques are needed if the disturbance frequency is unknown or changing. Based on experience with the current test bed, two simple closed-loop system identification methods are introduced to experimentally identify the disturbance frequency using data from the control input torque signal. It is shown that an incorrect filter frequency results in beating of the control input torque. Examination of the beat envelope leads to tuning of the rejection filter.
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   USN, Postgrad Sch, Spacecraft Res & Design Ctr, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Lau, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM maejoshi@ucdavis.edu
NR 14
TC 8
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0731-5090
J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM
JI J. Guid. Control Dyn.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2006
VL 29
IS 4
BP 792
EP 798
DI 10.2514/1.17341
PG 7
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 065YW
UT WOS:000239197300003
ER

PT J
AU Vaddi, SS
   Menon, PK
   Sweriduk, GD
   Ohlmeyer, EJ
AF Vaddi, S. S.
   Menon, P. K.
   Sweriduk, G. D.
   Ohlmeyer, E. J.
TI Multistepping approach to finite-interval missile integrated control
SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference
CY SEP 15-18, 2005
CL San  Francisco, CA
SP AIAA
C1 Optimal Synth Inc, Palo Alto, CA 94303 USA.
   USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA.
RP Vaddi, SS (reprint author), Optimal Synth Inc, 868 San Antonio Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94303 USA.
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0731-5090
J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM
JI J. Guid. Control Dyn.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2006
VL 29
IS 4
BP 1015
EP 1019
DI 10.2514/1.19956
PG 5
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 065YW
UT WOS:000239197300028
ER

PT J
AU Ollinger, M
   Kim, H
   Sutto, T
   Martin, F
   Pique, A
AF Ollinger, Michael
   Kim, Heungsoo
   Sutto, Tom
   Martin, Farrell
   Pique, Alberto
TI Laser Direct-Write of Polymer Nanocomposites
SO JOURNAL OF LASER MICRO NANOENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE polymer nanocomposite; solid-state electrolyte; micro-battery; ionic
   liquid; lithium ion micro-batteries
AB Laser direct-write is shown as a viable technique for the deposition of solid-state polymer electrolytes for Li-ion micro-batteries. The quality of the solid-state polymer electrolyte was determined by the amount of solvent used in the transferred material. The addition of nano-particles (BaTiO3 and TiO2) was shown to influence the ionic conductivity behavior of the solid-state polymer electrolyte.
C1 [Ollinger, Michael; Kim, Heungsoo; Pique, Alberto] USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   [Sutto, Tom] USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA.
   [Martin, Farrell] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Ollinger, M (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM pique@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research
FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research.
NR 16
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 5
PU JAPAN LASER PROCESSING SOC
PI OSAKA
PA OSAKA UNIV, 11-1 MIHOGAOKA, IBARAKI C/O KATAYAMA LAB, JOINING & WELDING
   RES INST, OSAKA, 567-0047, JAPAN
SN 1880-0688
J9 J LASER MICRO NANOEN
JI J. Laser Micro Nanoeng.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 1
IS 2
BP 102
EP 105
PG 4
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
   Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Optics; Physics
GA V04KN
UT WOS:000207057400003
ER

PT J
AU Li, M
   Azarm, S
   Boyars, A
AF Li, Mian
   Azarm, Shapour
   Boyars, Art
TI A new deterministic approach using sensitivity region measures for
   multi-objective robust and feasibility robust design optimization
SO JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL DESIGN
LA English
DT Article
DE multi-objective optimization; robust optimization; multi-objective
   robustness; feasibility robustness
ID TOLERANCES
AB We present a deterministic non-gradient based approach that uses robustness measures in multi-objective optimization problems where uncontrollable parameter variations cause variation in the objective and constraint values. The approach is applicable for cases that have discontinuous objective and constraint functions with respect to uncontrollable parameters, and can be used for objective or feasibility robust optimization, or both together In our approach, the known parameter tolerance region maps into sensitivity regions in the objective and constraint spaces. The robustness measures are indices calculated, using an optimizer from the sizes of the acceptable objective and constraint variation regions and from worst-case estimates of the sensitivity regions' sizes, resulting in an outer-inner structure. Two examples provide comparisons of the new approach with a similar published approach that is applicable only with continuous functions. Both approaches work well with continuous functions. For discontinuous functions the new approach gives solutions near the nominal Pareto front; the earlier approach does not.
C1 Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
   USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Indian Head Div, Indian Head, MD 20640 USA.
RP Li, M (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM azarm@umd.edu
NR 27
TC 53
Z9 54
U1 1
U2 11
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 1050-0472
J9 J MECH DESIGN
JI J. Mech. Des.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 128
IS 4
BP 874
EP 883
DI 10.1115/1.2202884
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 061PD
UT WOS:000238883800028
ER

PT J
AU Conrad, DM
AF Conrad, Dennis M.
TI The Southern Strategy: Britain's conquest of South Carolina and Georgia,
   1775-1780.
SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 USN, Hist Ctr, Washington, DC USA.
RP Conrad, DM (reprint author), USN, Hist Ctr, Washington, DC USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY
PI LEXINGTON
PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA
   24450-1600 USA
SN 0899-3718
J9 J MILITARY HIST
JI J. Mil. Hist.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 70
IS 3
BP 828
EP 829
DI 10.1353/jmh.2006.0157
PG 2
WC History
SC History
GA 062TP
UT WOS:000238967800017
ER

PT J
AU Anderson, RCE
   Kan, P
   Gluf, WM
   Brockmeyer, DL
AF Anderson, Richard C. E.
   Kan, Peter
   Gluf, Wayne M.
   Brockmeyer, Douglas L.
TI Long-term maintenance of cervical alignment after occipitocervical and
   atlantoaxial screw fixation in young children
SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
LA English
DT Article
DE occipitocervical fusion; screw fixation; long-term outcome; spinal
   deformity; pediatric neurosurgery
ID CRANKSHAFT PHENOMENON; FOLLOW-UP; FUSION; SPINE; ARTHRODESIS;
   ADOLESCENTS; LORDOSIS; GROWTH
AB Object. Despite decades of surgical experience, the long-term consequences of occipitocervical (OC) and atlantoaxial (C1-2) fusions in children are unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the long-term effects of these fusions on growth and alignment of the maturing cervical spine.
   Methods. A retrospective chart review was conducted for patients 6 years of age or younger (mean 4.7 years, range 1.7-6.8 years) who underwent OC or C1-2 fusion at the Primary Children's Medical Center at the University of Utah within the last 10 years. Immediate postoperative plain radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scans were compared with the most recent plain and dynamic radiographs to assess changes in spinal growth and alignment.
   Seventeen children met entry criteria for the study. All patients had fusion documented on follow-up radiography or CT scans. At a mean follow up of 28 months, there were no cases of sagittal malalignment (kyphotic or swan-neck deformity), subaxial instability (osteophyte formation or subluxation), or unintended fusion of adjacent levels. The lordotic curvature of the cervical spine increased from a mean of 15 degrees postoperatively to 27 degrees at follow up (p = 0.06). A mean of 34% of the vertical growth of the cervical spine occurred within the fusion segment. When data were analyzed pertaining to a subgroup of five patients who underwent follow-up periods for longer than 48 months (mean 50.2 months, range 48-54 months), similar results were seen.
   Conclusions. Preliminary follow-up results indicate that, compared with older children, children 6 years of age or younger undergoing OC or C1-2 fusion are not at an increased risk of spinal deformity or subaxial instability. Longer follow-up periods, during which measurements of the spinal canal are taken, will be necessary to determine precisely how children's spines grow and remodel after an upper cervical spine fusion.
C1 Columbia Univ, Childrens Hosp New York, Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Neurosurg, New York, NY USA.
   Univ Utah, Primary Childrens Med Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
   USN, Med Ctr, Dept Neurosci, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Anderson, RCE (reprint author), Inst Neurol, Room 421,710 W168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA.
EM rca24@columbia.edu
NR 15
TC 35
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS
PI CHARLOTTESVILLE
PA UNIV VIRGINIA, 1224 WEST MAIN ST, STE 450, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA
SN 0022-3085
J9 J NEUROSURG
JI J. Neurosurg.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 105
IS 1
SU S
BP 55
EP 61
DI 10.3171/ped.2006.105.1.55
PG 7
WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery
GA 061EB
UT WOS:000238852900012
PM 16871871
ER

PT J
AU Rosenthal, MD
   Moore, JH
   DeBerardino, TA
AF Rosenthal, MD
   Moore, JH
   DeBerardino, TA
TI Diagnosis of medial knee pain: Atypical stress fracture about the knee
   joint
SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY
LA English
DT Article
DE bone injury; female athlete triad; tibia
ID MILITARY RECRUITS; PHYSICAL-THERAPY; TIBIAL PLATEAU; GRAVES-DISEASE;
   FEMORAL-SHAFT; RISK-FACTORS; BONE; MANAGEMENT; EXERCISE; IDENTIFICATION
AB Study Design: Resident's case problem.
   Background: A 19-year-old female, currently enrolled in a military training program, sought medical care for a twisting injury to her right knee. The patient reported her symptoms as similar to an injury she incurred I year previously while enrolled in the same military program. The patient's past medical history included a nondepressed fracture of the medial tibial plateau and complete tear of the deep fibers of the medial collateral ligament.
   Diagnosis: Physical exam revealed nonlocalized anterior and medial knee pain without evidence of internal derangement. Initial knee and tibia radiographs were unremarkable. Referral for orthopedic physician evaluation resulted in concurrence with the therapist's diagnosis an p an of care, and the patient was allowed to continue with limited physical training demands. Despite periods of rest, the patient's symptoms progressively worsened upon attempts to resume running. The examining therapist referred the patient for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) due to the patient's worsening symptoms, normal radiographs, and concern for a proximal tibia stress fracture. MRI revealed a severe proximal tibial metaphysis stress fracture.
   Discussion: Stress fractures are commonly encountered injuries in individuals subjected to increased physical training demands. Early evaluation may not yield well-localized findings and may mimic other conditions. Nonmusculoskeletal conditions should be considered in the management of patients with stress fractures. This resident's case problem illustrates the importance of serial physical examinations and collaboration with other healthcare practitioners in the comprehensive assessment and management of a patient with a severe stress fracture.
C1 USN, Special Warfare Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
   AMEDDC&S, Acad Hlth Sci, USA Baylor Univ Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA.
   USA, Keller Community Hosp, West Point, NY USA.
RP Rosenthal, MD (reprint author), 116 Rendova circle, Coronado, CA 92118 USA.
EM Michael.Rosenthal@navsoc.navy.mil
OI DeBerardino, Thomas/0000-0002-7110-8743
NR 56
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 7
PU J O S P T,
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA
SN 0190-6011
J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS
JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 7
BP 526
EP 534
PG 9
WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences
SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences
GA 059KL
UT WOS:000238731600009
PM 16881469
ER

PT J
AU Colosi, JA
   Munk, W
AF Colosi, John A.
   Munk, Walter
TI Tales of the venerable Honolulu tide gauge
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID CENTRAL NORTH PACIFIC; SURFACE MANIFESTATION; HAWAIIAN-ISLANDS; INTERNAL
   TIDES; OCEAN; SUBSIDENCE; ALTIMETRY; DEPOSITS; HISTORY; FLEXURE
AB Surface expressions of internal tides constitute a significant component of the total recorded tide. The internal component is strongly modulated by the time-variable density structure, and the resulting perturbation of the recorded tide gives a welcome look at twentieth-century interannual and secular variability. Time series of mean sea level h(SL)(t) and total recorded M-2 vector a(TT)(t) are extracted from the Honolulu 1905-2000 and Hilo 1947-2000 (Hawaii) tide records. Internal tide parameters are derived from the intertidal continuum surrounding the M-2 frequency line and from a Cartesian display of a(TT)(t), yielding a(ST) = 16.6 and 22.1 cm, a(IT) = 1.8 and 1.0 cm for surface and internal tides at Honolulu and Hilo, respectively. The proposed model a(TT)(t) = a(ST) + a(IT) cos theta(IT)(t) is of a phase-modulated internal tide generated by the surface tide at some remote point and traveling to the tide gauge with velocity modulated by the underlying variable density structure. Mean sea level h(SL)(t) [ a surrogate for the density structure and hence for theta(IT)(t)] is coherent with a(IT)(t) within the decadal band 0.2-0.5 cycles per year. For both the decadal band and the century drift the recorded M-2 amplitude is high when sea level is high, according to Omega a(TT) = O(0.1 delta h(SL)). The authors attribute the recorded secular increase in the Honolulu M-2 amplitude from a(TT) = 16.1 to 16.9 cm between 1915 and 2000 to a 28 rotation of the internal tide vector in response to ocean warming.
C1 Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
   Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Colosi, JA (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, 833 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM jacolosi@nps.edu
NR 37
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 36
IS 6
BP 967
EP 996
DI 10.1175/JPO2876.1
PG 30
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 067MU
UT WOS:000239308100002
ER

PT J
AU Xie, Y
   Yang, P
   Gao, BC
   Kattawar, GW
   Mishchenko, MI
AF Xie, Y
   Yang, P
   Gao, BC
   Kattawar, GW
   Mishchenko, MI
TI Effect of ice crystal shape and effective size on snow bidirectional
   reflectance
SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 8th Conference on Electromagnetic and Light Scattering by Nonspherical
   Particles
CY MAY 16-20, 2005
CL Granada, SPAIN
ID RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; PHASE FUNCTIONS; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING;
   OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; LIGHT-SCATTERING; CLOUDS; TRANSMISSION; SURFACES;
   EQUATION; CIRRUS
AB We tested the applicability of three rigorous radiative transfer computational approaches, namely, the discrete ordinates radiative transfer (DISORT) method, the adding-doubling approach, and an efficient computational technique based on Ambartsumian's nonlinear integral equation for computing the bidirectional reflectance of a semi-infinite layer. It was found that each of these three models, in a combination with the truncation of the forward peak of the bulk scattering phase functions of ice particles, can be used to simulate the bidirectional reflectance of a semi-infinite snow layer with appropriate accuracy. Furthermore, we investigate the sensitivity of the bidirectional reflectance of a homogeneous and optically infinite snow layer to ice crystal habit and effective particle size. It is shown that the bidirectional reflectance is not sensitive to the particle effective size in the visible spectrum. The sensitivity of the bidirectional reflectance in the near-infrared spectrum to the particle effective size increases with the increase of the incident wavelength. The sensitivity of the bidirectional reflectance to the effective particle size and shape is attributed fundamentally to the sensitivity of the single-scattering properties to particle size and shape. For a specific ice crystal habit, the truncated phase function used in the radiative transfer computations is not sensitive to particle effective size. Thus, the single-scattering albedo is primarily responsible for the sensitivity of the bidirectional reflectance to particle size, particularly, at a near-infrared wavelength. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
   NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
RP Yang, P (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM pyang@ariel.met.tamu.edu
RI Xie, Yu/A-4266-2011; Yang, Ping/B-4590-2011; Mishchenko,
   Michael/D-4426-2012
NR 30
TC 31
Z9 34
U1 2
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-4073
J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA
JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2006
VL 100
IS 1-3
BP 457
EP 469
DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2005.11.056
PG 13
WC Optics; Spectroscopy
SC Optics; Spectroscopy
GA 033ZF
UT WOS:000236892800044
ER

PT J
AU Tripsanas, EK
   Bryant, WR
   Slowey, NC
   Kim, JW
AF Tripsanas, Efthymios K.
   Bryant, William R.
   Slowey, Niall C.
   Kim, Jin Wook
TI Marine isotope stage 6 canyon and spillover deposits of the Bryant and
   Eastern canyon systems, northwest Gulf of Mexico: Importance of
   fine-grained turbidites on a delta-fed prograding slope
SO JOURNAL OF SEDIMENTARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID DEEP-SEA FAN; NAVY SUBMARINE FAN; CONTINENTAL-SLOPE; SEDIMENT WAVES;
   SETTLING VELOCITY; MEDITERRANEAN-SEA; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; PHYSICAL MODEL;
   DRAG REDUCTION; MONTEREY FAN
AB A large set of long sediment cores and high-resolution seismic-reflection data were used to study the sedimentology of the delta-fed prograding slope of the northwest Gulf of Mexico, during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 6 (125-180 ka). Bryant and Eastern canyon systems were the main pathways during this period through which Mississippi River sediment was delivered down the continental slope.
   Two MIS 6 sedimentary environments have been defined on the slope of the northwest Gulf of Mexico: intracanyon and overbank environments. The erosional action of turbidity currents in Bryant and Eastern canyons was focused mainly on the thalweg, whereas, on the rest of the canyon floors, the flows acquired a mainly depositional character, resulting in the formation of inner levees and terraces. MIS 6 deposits in overbank environments consist entirely of thick (> 50 m), widespread (> 15-20 km), and continuous successions of mud turbidites, which indicate that spillover processes were dominant along Bryant and Eastern canyons. The total absence of bioturbation structures and hemipelagic sediments in MIS 6 overbank deposits indicate high sedimentation rates exceeding 200-600 cm/ky.
   The majority of the overbank deposits are normally graded, indicating that most of the turbidity currents during MIS 6 resulted from sediment failures on the outer shelf and upper continental slope. Sedimentological observations indicate that a complete mud turbidite sequence (T0-8 sequence in the nomenclature of Stow and Shanmugam 1980) results from a waning low-density turbidity current consisting of four successive flow-regime stages: (1) an initial erosional stage (>= 30 cm/s), (2) deposition of the coarsest, noncohesive fraction (silt) of the suspended sediment in the flows (30-100 cm/s), (3) cyclic deposition of cohesive (mud) and noncohesive (silt) laminae due to fluctuations in the shear stress in the boundary layer of the flow (12-30 cm/s), and (4) deposition from a silt-depleted and slowly moving (<= 15 cm/s) sediment cloud.
C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Oceanog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
   Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Bedford Inst Oceanog, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada.
   USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Tripsanas, EK (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Oceanog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM etripsan@nrcan.gc.ca
NR 72
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 5
PU SEPM-SOC SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY
PI TULSA
PA 6128 EAST 38TH ST, STE 308, TULSA, OK 74135-5814 USA
SN 1527-1404
EI 1938-3681
J9 J SEDIMENT RES
JI J. Sediment. Res.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2006
VL 76
IS 7-8
BP 1012
EP 1034
DI 10.2110/jsr.2006.083
PG 23
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 090OD
UT WOS:000240959700004
ER

PT J
AU Josselyn, S
   Rossi, IM
AF Josselyn, Scott
   Rossi, I. Michael
TI Sensitivity analysis for rapid prototyping of entry vehicles
SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA Guidance Navigation and Control Conference
CY AUG 11-14, 2003
CL Austin, TX
SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut
AB A procedure is presented for the application of parameter value-function analysis to the problem of rapid prototyping of entry vehicles. The trajectory optimization problem is imbedded in a family of canonically parameterized optimal control problems. Rather than repeatedly solving an ensemble of trajectory optimization problems, it is shown that a combination of sensitivity- and covector mapping theorems can be easily exploited to gauge quickly the effect of a parameter on the performance of the entry vehicle. Although the theory is not limited to the type or number of parameters, the ideas are demonstrated with three design variables: the maximum heating rate on the vehicle, the parasitic drag coefficient, and the vehicle mass. No change in the proposed method is necessary to carry out a similar analysis for other plant parameters for additional purposes such as the design of robust guidance algorithms. With use of the Legendre pseudospectral method and results from nonsmooth analysis, it is shown how to validate the sensitivity results.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
   USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Josselyn, S (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM josselynsb@navair.navy.mil; imross@nps.navy.mil
NR 26
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0022-4650
J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS
JI J. Spacecr. Rockets
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2006
VL 43
IS 4
BP 836
EP 841
DI 10.2514/1.3820
PG 6
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 071YY
UT WOS:000239641000015
ER

PT J
AU Cray, BA
   Forsythe, SE
   Hull, AJ
   Estes, LE
AF Cray, Benjamin A.
   Forsythe, Stephen E.
   Hull, Andrew J.
   Estes, Lee E.
TI A scanning laser Doppler vibrometer acoustic array
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
AB Experiments confirm that a laser Doppler vibrometer can be used to detect acoustic particle velocity on a fluid-loaded acoustically compliant, optically reflective surface. In these experiments, which were completed at the Acoustic Test Facility of the Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Scotchgard (TM) reflective tape was affixed to the interior surface of a standard acoustic window. The polyurethane array window had a thickness of 0.9525 cm (0.375 in.) and a material density of 1000 kg/m(3). The surface velocity measured, using a commercial scanning laser vibrometer system (SLVS), was beamformed conventionally and flawlessly detected and localized acoustic signals. However, the laser Doppler vibrometer used in the experiments had relatively poor acoustic sensitivity, presumably due to high electronic noise in the photodetector, speckle noise, standoff distance, and drifting laser focus. An improved laser Doppler vibrometer, the simplified Michelson interferometer laser vibrometer sensor (SMIV), is described in brief. The SMIV achieves sensitivity of 61 dB/mu Pa in a 1-Hz band at 11.2 kHz, which represents a 39-dB acoustic sensitivity improvement. (c) 2006 Acoustical Society of America.
C1 USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
RP Cray, BA (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
EM crayba@npt.nuwc.navy.mil
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 120
IS 1
BP 164
EP 170
DI 10.1121/1.2207569
PG 7
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 061TV
UT WOS:000238896500015
ER

PT J
AU Fialkowski, LT
   Yang, TC
   Yoo, K
   Kim, E
   Dacol, DK
AF Fialkowski, Laurie T.
   Yang, T. C.
   Yoo, Kwang
   Kim, Elisabeth
   Dacol, Dalcio K.
TI Consistency and reliability of geoacoustic inversions with a horizontal
   line array
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID POSTERIORI PROBABILITY-DISTRIBUTIONS; ACOUSTIC NORMAL-MODES; TOW-SHIP
   NOISE; NUMERICAL-METHOD; BOTTOM; ALGORITHMS; STRAIT
AB Geoacoustic inversions with a towed horizontal array are of interest for rapidly characterizing sediment properties over changing regions. To be of practical value, inversions must yield consistent and reliable results for consecutive or neighboring data. A method of determining inversion reliability a priori is delineated using an empirical approach and confirmed with inversion results in terms of consistency. Geoacoustic parameter hierarchy and resolvability are empirically analyzed using two different methods: one requires knowledge of the source function and the other does not. Inversion results using the two methods are compared using both synthetic data and experimental data from MAPEX2000. The inversions employ a global optimization technique which navigates the parameter space in directions aligned with valleys of the cost function, increasing inversion algorithm efficiency and disclosing parameter correlations and hierarchy. (c) 2006 Acoustical Society of America.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Fialkowski, LT (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 32
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 2
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 120
IS 1
BP 231
EP 246
DI 10.1121/1.2208453
PG 16
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 061TV
UT WOS:000238896500022
ER

PT J
AU Hursky, P
   Porter, MB
   Siderius, M
   McDonald, VK
AF Hursky, Paul
   Porter, Michael B.
   Siderius, Martin
   McDonald, Vincent K.
TI Point-to-point underwater acoustic communications using spread-spectrum
   passive phase conjugation
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID TIME-REVERSAL; OCEAN; EQUALIZATION; COMPRESSION
AB The ocean is often a complex multipath channel and progress has been made in developing equalization algorithms to overcome this. Unfortunately, many of these algorithms are computationally demanding and not as power-efficient as one would like; in many applications it may be better to trade bit rate for longer operational life. In 2000 the U.S. Navy was developing an underwater wireless acoustic network called Seaweb, for which a number of modulation schemes were being tested in a series of SignalEx experiments. This paper discusses two modulation schemes and associated receiver algorithms that were developed and tested for Seaweb applications. These receiver designs take advantage of time reversal (phase conjugation) and properties of spread spectrum sequences known as Gold sequences. Furthermore, they are much less complex than receivers using adaptive equalizers. This paper will present results of testing these signaling and receiver concepts during two experiments at sea. (c) 2006 Acoustical Society of America.
C1 Heat Light & Sound Res Inc, San Diego, CA 92130 USA.
   USN, Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
RP Hursky, P (reprint author), Heat Light & Sound Res Inc, 12730 High Bluff Dr, San Diego, CA 92130 USA.
EM paul.hursky@hlsresearch.com
NR 25
TC 20
Z9 25
U1 6
U2 13
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 120
IS 1
BP 247
EP 257
DI 10.1121/1.2203602
PG 11
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 061TV
UT WOS:000238896500023
ER

PT J
AU Miller, JAL
   Marshall, L
   Heller, LM
   Hughes, LM
AF Miller, Judi A. Lapsley
   Marshall, Lynne
   Heller, Laurie M.
   Hughes, Linda M.
TI Low-level otoacoustic emissions may predict susceptibility to
   noise-induced hearing loss
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 25th Midwinter Research Meeting of the
   Association-for-Research-in-Otolaryngology
CY JAN 27-31, 2002
CL ST PETERSBURG, FL
SP Assoc Res Otolaryngol
ID DISTORTION-PRODUCT; THRESHOLD SHIFT; AUDITORY-SENSITIVITY; ACOUSTIC
   STIMULATION; DPOAE GENERATION; GUINEA-PIG; INNER-EAR; RELIABILITY;
   DAMAGE; MECHANISMS
AB In a longitudinal study with 338 volunteers, audiometric thresholds and otoacoustic emissions were measured before and after 6 months of noise exposure on an aircraft carrier. While the average amplitudes of the otoacoustic emissions decreased significantly, the average audiometric thresholds did not change. Furthermore, there were no significant correlations between changes in audiometric thresholds and changes in otoacoustic emissions. Changes in transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions and distortion-product otoacoustic emissions were moderately correlated. Eighteen ears acquired permanent audiometric threshold shifts. Only one-third of those ears showed significant otoacoustic emission shifts that mirrored their permanent threshold shifts. A Bayesian analysis indicated that permanent threshold shift status following a deployment was predicted by baseline low-level or absent otoacoustic emissions. The best predictor was transient-evoked otoacoustic emission amplitude in the 4-kHz half-octave frequency band, with risk increasing more than sixfold from approximately 3% to 20% as the emission amplitude decreased. It is possible that the otoacoustic emissions indicated noise-induced changes in the inner ear, undetected by audiometric tests. Otoacoustic emissions may therefore, be a diagnostic predictor for noise-induced-hearing-loss risk.
C1 USN, Submarine Med Res Lab, Groton, CT 06349 USA.
RP Miller, JAL (reprint author), USN, Submarine Med Res Lab, Groton, CT 06349 USA.
EM judi@psychophysics.org
OI Lapsley Miller, Judi/0000-0002-6020-4254
NR 75
TC 42
Z9 45
U1 1
U2 5
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
EI 1520-8524
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 120
IS 1
BP 280
EP 296
DI 10.1121/1.2204437
PG 17
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 061TV
UT WOS:000238896500026
PM 16875225
ER

PT J
AU McFarland, MJ
   Palmer, GR
   Rasmussen, SL
   Kordich, MM
   Pollet, DA
   Jensen, JA
   Lindsay, MH
AF McFarland, MJ
   Palmer, GR
   Rasmussen, SL
   Kordich, MM
   Pollet, DA
   Jensen, JA
   Lindsay, MH
TI Field verification of sound attenuation modeling and air emission
   testing in support of missile motor disposal activities
SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
AB The U.S. Department of Defense-approved activities conducted at the Utah Test and Training Range (UTTR) include both operational readiness test firing of intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) motors, as well as the destruction of obsolete or otherwise unusable ICBM motors through open burn/open detonation (OB/OD). Within the Utah Division of Air Quality, these activities have been identified as having the potential to generate unacceptable noise levels, as well as significant amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Hill Air Force Base, UT, has completed a series of field tests at the UTTR in which sound-monitoring surveillance of OB/OD activities was conducted to validate the Sound Intensity Prediction System (SIPS) model. Using results generated by the SIPS model to support the decision to detonate, the UTTR successfully disposed of missile motors having an aggregate net explosive weight (NEW) of 81,374 lb without generating adverse noise levels within populated areas. In conjunction with collecting noise-monitoring data, air emissions were collected to support the development of air emission factors for both static missile motor firings and OB/OD activities. Through the installation of 15 ground-based air samplers, the generation of combustion-fixed gases, VOCs, and chlorides was monitored during the 81,374-lb NEW detonation event. Comparison of field measurements to predictions generated from the US Navy energetic combustion pollutant formation model, POLU4WN indicated that, as the detonation fire ball expanded, organic compounds, as well as CO, continued to oxidize as the combustion gases mixed with ambient air. VOC analysis of air samplers confirmed the presence of chloromethane, vinyl chloride, benzene, toluene, and 2-methyl-1-propene. Qualitative chloride analysis indicated that gaseous HCl was generated at low concentrations, if at all.
C1 Utah State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
   USAF, Environm Management Directorate, Ogden, UT USA.
   USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Weapons Integrat & Technol Branch, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA.
   Bowen Collins & Associates, Draper, UT USA.
   CH2M Hill Inc, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
RP McFarland, MJ (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM farlandm@msn.com
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC
PI PITTSBURGH
PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA
SN 1047-3289
J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE
JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 56
IS 7
BP 1041
EP 1051
PG 11
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
   Sciences
GA 059ES
UT WOS:000238716700012
PM 16878594
ER

PT J
AU Lewis, FS
   Norton, SA
   Bradshaw, RD
   Lapa, J
   Grabenstein, JD
AF Lewis, FS
   Norton, SA
   Bradshaw, RD
   Lapa, J
   Grabenstein, JD
TI Analysis of cases reported as generalized vaccinia during the US
   military smallpox vaccination program, December 2002 to December 2004
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; COMPLICATIONS; EXPERIENCE; SURVEILLANCE; VIREMIA; VIRUS
AB Background: We evaluated military personnel who developed dermatologic reactions suggestive of generalized vaccinia (GV) after smallpox vaccination.
   Methods: We conducted surveillance and retrospective analysis of cases from the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (a passive reporting system managed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), and the military's preventive medicine channels, vaccine healthcare centers, clinical laboratory network, dermatology clinics, and pathology departments from December 2002 to December 2004. Results. Of 74 cases investigated in 753,226 vaccinations, 50 (67.6%) met the case definition of possible GV (rate 66/million), 95% confidence interval (49-88/miltion), consistent with historically reported rates. Cases of possible GV occurred more frequently in primary vaccinees (81/million) than in those revaccinated (32/million) (relative risk 2.6, 95% confidence interval 1.2-5.9, P =.013). None met the case definition of probable or confirmed GV, including 15 with virologically negative laboratory evaluations (eg, culture, skin biopsy, or polymerase chain reaction).
   Limitations. The methods of case collection and retrospective nature of this study are its limitations. The clinical diagnosis of possible GV was made on the basis of the authors' interpretation of clinical notes and adverse events submitted by more than 100 different providers. Only 15 of the 74 cases of possible GV had laboratory attempts for virological confirmation.
   Conclusion: GV is still a rarely reported complication of smallpox vaccination. True GV, strictly defined, may be even less common than previously reported. We named one self-limited dermatologic manifestation confused with GV "postvaccinial nonviral pustulosis." Properly screened individuals considering smallpox vaccination may be assured most exanthemata after vaccination are benign.
C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
   Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
   USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
   USA, Med Command, Mil Vaccine Agcy, Falls Church, VA USA.
RP Lewis, FS (reprint author), 231 Little Quarry Rd, Gaithersburg, MD 20878 USA.
EM felisa.lewis@na.amedd.army.mil
NR 28
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU MOSBY, INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA
SN 0190-9622
J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL
JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 55
IS 1
BP 23
EP 31
DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2006.04.017
PG 9
WC Dermatology
SC Dermatology
GA 058BV
UT WOS:000238640200002
PM 16781288
ER

PT J
AU Estes, L
   Jilling, A
   Lombardi, G
   Butman, J
AF Estes, L
   Jilling, A
   Lombardi, G
   Butman, J
TI Class of basis functions for use in optical systems analysis
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND
   VISION
LA English
DT Article
AB A method is described for modeling the effects of spatial apertures on optical sensor systems. The method consists of defining a set of basis functions that is obtained by partitioning the aperture image plane into a series of rectangular regions and replacing the field in each rectangular subregion with an orthogonal function series approximation. Each orthogonal function has a finite extent that is matched to the aperture image. The individual functions are propagated by application of the Fresnel approximation of the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction formula to other ranges, and the resultant functions are shown to be valid basis functions for defining a field at any other range. The technique is applied to a scattering problem using complex Fourier series. (C) 2006 Optical Society of America.
C1 USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
   ATK Mission Res Corp, Torrance, CA 90503 USA.
RP Estes, L (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
EM EstesLE@npt.nuwc.navy.mil
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1084-7529
J9 J OPT SOC AM A
JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 23
IS 7
BP 1626
EP 1630
DI 10.1364/JOSAA.23.001626
PG 5
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 057WW
UT WOS:000238626900010
PM 16783425
ER

PT J
AU Lin, YQ
   Farouk, B
   Oran, ES
AF Lin, Yiqiang
   Farouk, Bakhtier
   Oran, Elaine S.
TI Flows induced by thermoacoustic waves in an enclosure: Effects of
   gravity
SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
ID CONVECTION; TEMPERATURE
AB The effect of gravity on the generation and propagation of flows induced by thermoacoustic waves in an enclosure was numerically investigated. The compressible unsteady Navier-Stokes equations were solved by combining a flux-corrected transport algorithm for the convection terms and by a central differencing scheme for the viscous and conduction terms. In the simulations, the left wall of the enclosure is heated rapidly either in a spatially uniform or a nonuniform manner, whereas the right wall is held at the initial temperature of the gas., The upper and lower walls of the enclosure are insulated. At zero gravity, the spatially nonuniform beating generates a vortical flow in the enclosure, similar to that found in buoyancy-induced flows in a side-heated enclosure. For the conditions considered, the strength of the flows induced by the thermoacoustic waves is comparable to the flows induced by buoyancy.
C1 Drexel Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mech, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Computat Phys & Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Lin, YQ (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mech, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
NR 17
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0887-8722
J9 J THERMOPHYS HEAT TR
JI J. Thermophys. Heat Transf.
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2006
VL 20
IS 3
BP 376
EP 383
DI 10.2514/1.18053
PG 8
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA 068ZL
UT WOS:000239414000004
ER

PT J
AU Kaplan, LJ
   Philbin, N
   Arnaud, F
   Rice, J
   Dong, F
   Freilich, D
AF Kaplan, Lewis J.
   Philbin, Nora
   Arnaud, Francoise
   Rice, Jennifer
   Dong, Feng
   Freilich, Daniel
TI Resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock: Fluid selection and infusion
   strategy drives unmeasured ion genesis
SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 18th Annual Meeting of the Eastern-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma
CY JAN 11-15, 2005
CL Ft Lauderdale, FL
SP Eastern Assoc Surg Trauma
ID INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; ACID-BASE; HYPERCHLOREMIC ACIDOSIS; INJURY; SALINE;
   GAP; ENDOTOXEMIA; MORTALITY; SURGERY; TRAUMA
AB Background: This study compares unmeasured ion generation by different resuscitation fluids and strategies for hemorrhagic shock (HS).
   Methods: A rectus crush injury and 40% hemorrhage initiated controlled HS in 24 minipigs. Pigs (n = 8/gp) were untreated (NON) or bolused (10 cc/kg bw) with HBOC-201 (HBOC), or 6% Hetastarch (HEX) after 20 minutes of HS. Additional boluses occurred for hypotension (mean arterial pressure [MAP] < 60 mm Hg) or tachycardia (heart rate [HR] > baseline) for 4 hours; other therapy was withheld, simulating delayed evacuation. Hemodynamics, acid-base parameters, and strong ion difference (SID) and strong ion gap (SIG), were assessed. Data are means +/- SD or percent; significance for p < 0.05.
   Results: Initial MAP was similar (p > 0.05) as was ultimate survival (p > 0.05). By 30 minutes, MAP was higher with HBOC (63 8; p = 0.01) versus HEX (37 +/- 5) or NON (35 +/- 4). HBOC required less fluid than HEX (515 +/- 58 versus 830 45 mL, p = 0.019). Lactate was similar between groups (p > 0.05). pH was highest in HBOC by 180 minutes (p < 0.05). SID was constant in NON, decreased in HEX, but increased in HBOC (p < 0.05 by 60 minutes). SIG remained unchanged in NON and HEX, but declined in HBOC (p < 0.05 by 30 minutes).
   Conclusions: HBOC resuscitation required the least fluid. Unmeasured anions were prevalent in HEX and NON (+ SIG), whereas HBOC liberated unmeasured cations (- SIG); differences were inapparent when only evaluating pH. Only HBOC increased the SID, electrochemically promoting alkalosis. Resuscitation fluid differences may aid care in high lactate conditions where an induced counterbalancing metabolic alkalosis may be beneficial.
C1 Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, SICU,Sect Trauma Surg Crit Care & Surg Emergencie, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
   USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Kaplan, LJ (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, SICU,Sect Trauma Surg Crit Care & Surg Emergencie, 330 Cedar St,BB-310, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
EM Lewis.Kaplan@yale.edu
NR 27
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 1
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1079-6061
J9 J TRAUMA
JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 61
IS 1
BP 90
EP 97
DI 10.1097/01.ta.0000222578.85413.4e
PG 8
WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery
SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery
GA 065TV
UT WOS:000239183600020
PM 16832254
ER

PT J
AU Valeri, CR
AF Valeri, C. Robert
TI Untitled
SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE
LA English
DT Letter
C1 USN, Blood Res Lab, Plymouth, MA USA.
RP Valeri, CR (reprint author), USN, Blood Res Lab, Plymouth, MA USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1079-6061
J9 J TRAUMA
JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 61
IS 1
BP 240
EP 241
DI 10.1097/01.ta.0000224109.60301.a8
PG 2
WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery
SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery
GA 065TV
UT WOS:000239183600060
PM 16832287
ER

PT J
AU Coulthard, SM
   Volino, RJ
   Flack, KA
AF Coulthard, SM
   Volino, RJ
   Flack, KA
TI Effect of unheated starting lengths on film cooling experiments
SO JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
AB The effect of an unheated starting length upstream of a row of film cooling holes was studied experimentally to determine its effect on heat transfer coefficients downstream of the holes. Cases with a single row of cylindrical film cooling holes inclined at 35 deg to the surface of a flat plate were considered at blowing ratios of 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5. For each case, experiments were conducted to determine the film-cooling effectiveness and the Stanton number distributions in cases with the surface upstream of the holes heated and unheated. Measurements were made using an infrared camera, thermocouples, and hot and cold-wire anemometry. Ratios were computed of the Stanton number with film cooling (St(f)) to corresponding Stanton numbers in cases without film cooling (St(o)), but the same surface heating conditions. Contours of these ratios were qualitatively the same regardless of the upstream heating conditions, but the ratios were larger for the cases with a heating starting length. Differences were most pronounced just downstream of the holes and for the lower blowing rate cases. Even 12 diameters downstream of the holes, the Stanton number ratios were 10-15% higher with a heated starting length. At higher blowing rates the differences between the heated and unheated starting length cases were not significant. The differences in Stanton number distributions are related to jet flow structures, which vary with blowing rate.
C1 USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Coulthard, SM (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM volino@usna.edu
RI Volino, Ralph/G-9293-2011
NR 10
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0889-504X
J9 J TURBOMACH
JI J. Turbomach.-Trans. ASME
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 128
IS 3
BP 579
EP 588
DI 10.1115/1.2184355
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 056YX
UT WOS:000238562100019
ER

PT J
AU Mastro, MA
   Holm, RT
   Bassim, ND
   Gaskill, DK
   Culbertson, JC
   Fatemi, M
   Eddy, CR
   Henry, RL
   Twigg, ME
AF Mastro, M. A.
   Holm, R. T.
   Bassim, N. D.
   Gaskill, D. K.
   Culbertson, J. C.
   Fatemi, M.
   Eddy, C. R., Jr.
   Henry, R. L.
   Twigg, M. E.
TI Metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition of high-reflectance III-nitride
   distributed Bragg reflectors on Si substrates
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 52nd International Symposium of the American-Vacuum-Society
CY OCT 30-NOV 04, 2005
CL Boston, MA
SP Amer Vacuum Soc
ID TEMPERATURE ALN INTERLAYERS; ALUMINUM NITRIDE; STRESS MEASUREMENTS;
   INTRINSIC STRESSES; MOCVD GROWTH; THIN-FILMS; GAN; LAYERS; SILICON;
   SI(111)
AB High-reflectance group III-nitride distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) were deposited by metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition on Si(111) substrates. A reflectance greater than 96% was demonstrated for an AlN/GaN DBR with a stop band centered in the blue-green range of the visible spectrum. Crack-free GaN cap layers were grown on the DBR structures to demonstrate the opportunity to build III-nitride optoelectronic devices in this material. The, DBR structure was under significant strain due to growth on a mismatched substrate, although the GaN cap layer was shown to be strain-free.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Mastro, MA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM mastro@ccs.nrl.navy.mil
NR 25
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 4
PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0734-2101
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2006
VL 24
IS 4
BP 1631
EP 1634
DI 10.1116/1.2172937
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 063VN
UT WOS:000239048100134
ER

PT J
AU Caldwell, JD
   Stahlbush, RE
   Glembocki, OJ
   Liu, KX
   Hobart, KD
AF Caldwell, Joshua D.
   Stahlbush, Robert E.
   Glembocki, Orest J.
   Liu, Kendrick X.
   Hobart, Karl D.
TI Characterization of defects in the drift region of 4H-SiC pin diodes via
   optical beam induced current
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 33rd Annual Conference on the Physics and Chemistry of Semiconductor
   Interfaces
CY JAN 15-19, 2006
CL Cocoa Beach, FL
SP USA Res Off, AVS
ID STACKING-FAULT FORMATION; SCHOTTKY RECTIFIERS; EPITAXIAL LAYERS; GROWTH
AB SiC based electronic devices are extremely promising candidates for high power, temperature, and radiation applications. However, a variety of defects created during the substrate and subsequent epitaxial growth persists. Many of these defects are electrically active and adversely affect the electrical characteristics of these devices. Determining which defects are the most damaging, how they are created, their structure, and methods for removing them are four basic steps paramount to the creation of reliable SiC based power devices. Here we present optical beam induced current (OBIC) imaging of various dislocations, stacking faults, and defects, which along with electroluminescence (EL) imaging reveals the electrical activity and the identifying features of the various defects. A strong correlation is established between the features observed via EL and those seen using OBIC imaging.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Caldwell, JD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM joshua.caldwell@nrl.nacy.mil
RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008
OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168
NR 22
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 1071-1023
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2006
VL 24
IS 4
BP 2178
EP 2183
DI 10.1116/1.2213263
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
   Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA 075MV
UT WOS:000239890000085
ER

PT J
AU Montgomery, RA
   Gentry, SE
   Marks, WH
   Warren, DS
   Hiller, J
   Houp, J
   Zachary, AA
   Melancon, JK
   Maley, WR
   Rabb, H
   Simpkins, C
   Segev, DL
AF Montgomery, Robert A.
   Gentry, Sommer E.
   Marks, William H.
   Warren, Daniel S.
   Hiller, Janet
   Houp, Julie
   Zachary, Andrea A.
   Melancon, J. Keith
   Maley, Warren R.
   Rabb, Hamid
   Simpkins, Christopher
   Segev, Dorry L.
TI Domino paired kidney donation: a strategy to make best use of live
   non-directed donation
SO LANCET
LA English
DT Article
ID LIVING-DONOR; EXCHANGE PROGRAM; UNITED-STATES; TRANSPLANTATION
C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
   Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
   USN Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
   Swedish Med Ctr, Dept Organ Transplantat, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Montgomery, RA (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
EM rmonty@jhmi.edu
OI Gentry, Sommer/0000-0003-4530-8917
NR 19
TC 85
Z9 85
U1 0
U2 1
PU LANCET LTD
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0140-6736
J9 LANCET
JI Lancet
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2006
VL 368
IS 9533
BP 419
EP 421
DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69115-0
PG 3
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 069JJ
UT WOS:000239441900035
PM 16876670
ER

PT J
AU Oh-Ishi, K
   Zhilyaev, AP
   McNelley, TR
AF Oh-Ishi, Keiichiro
   Zhilyaev, Alexander P.
   McNelley, Terry R.
TI A microtexture investigation of recrystallization during friction stir
   processing of As-cast NiAl bronze
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
   MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID STRAIN RATE SUPERPLASTICITY; ULTRAHIGH CARBON-STEELS; MICROSTRUCTURAL
   MODIFICATION; MAGNESIUM ALLOY; GRAIN-STRUCTURE; ALUMINUM; TEXTURE;
   WELDS; DEFORMATION; TEMPERATURE
AB As-cast NiAl bronze (NAB) was subjected to friction stir processing (FSP). Orientation imaging microscopy (OIM) methods were used to obtain microtexture data in the stir zone (SZ) and along its periphery. At selected SZ locations, orientation data were obtained by convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED) methods in transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Random a phase textures were apparent in the SZ. The a grains tended to be equiaxed, exhibited annealing twins, and were refined to 1 to 2 mu m at the edge of the SZ. The population of subgrain boundaries in a phase grains was highest near the plate surface in contact with the tool and decreased with depth in the SZ, reflecting deformation by the tool shoulder after the passage of the tool pin. Distinct shear texture components were apparent in the thermornechanically affected zone (TMAZ) outside of and along the periphery of the SZ. A texture gradient from the TMAZ into the SZ was apparent and was steeper on the advancing side and under the SZ center than on the retreating side. The apparent shear plane tended to align with the local interface between the SZ and TMAZ, while the shear direction tended to align with the FSP traversing direction. In this material, the SZ-TMAZ interface is a distinct boundary between recrystallized and deformed regions and the alpha-phase grain refinement reflects dynamic recrystallization and, in locations near the SZ-TMAZ interface, particle-stimulated nucleation (PSN) at undissolved Fe3Al particles.
C1 Natl Inst Mat Sci, Ibaraki 3050047, Japan.
   USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Astronaut Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Oh-Ishi, K (reprint author), Natl Inst Mat Sci, Ibaraki 3050047, Japan.
EM tmcnelley@nps.edu
RI Zhilyaev, Alexander/E-5624-2010; 
OI Zhilyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1902-8703
NR 40
TC 32
Z9 33
U1 2
U2 16
PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC
PI WARRENDALE
PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA
SN 1073-5623
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 37A
IS 7
BP 2239
EP 2251
DI 10.1007/BF02586143
PG 13
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
   Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 060NM
UT WOS:000238808900021
ER

PT J
AU Baumann, RG
   Mullaney, J
   Black, LW
AF Baumann, RG
   Mullaney, J
   Black, LW
TI Portal fusion protein constraints on function in DNA packaging of
   bacteriophage T4
SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION; CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES; GENE-20 PRODUCT; ATPASE
   ACTIVITY; LARGE SUBUNIT; IN-VIVO; HEAD; VIRUS; TERMINASE; CONNECTOR
AB Architecturally conserved viral portal dodecamers are central to capsid assembly and DNA packaging. To examine bacteriophage T4 portal functions, we constructed, expressed and assembled portal gene 20 fusion proteins. C-terminally fused (gp20-GFP, gp20-HOC) and N-terminally fused (GFP-gp20 and HOC-gp20) portal fusion proteins assembled in vivo into active phage. Phage assembled C-terminal fusion proteins were inaccessible to trypsin whereas assembled N-terminal fusions were accessible to trypsin, consistent with locations inside and outside the capsid respectively. Both N- and C-terminal fusions required coassembly into portals with similar to 50% wild-type (WT) or near WT-sized 20am truncated portal proteins to yield active phage. Trypsin digestion of HOC-gp20 portal fusion phage showed comparable protection of the HOC and gp20 portions of the proteolysed HOC-gp20 fusion, suggesting both proteins occupy protected capsid positions, at both the portal and the proximal HOC capsid-binding sites. The external portal location of the HOC portion of the HOC-gp20 fusion phage was confirmed by anti-HOC immuno-gold labelling studies that showed a gold 'necklace' around the phage capsid portal. Analysis of HOC-gp20-containing proheads showed increased HOC protein protection from trypsin degradation only after prohead expansion, indicating incorporation of HOC-gp20 portal fusion protein to protective proximal HOC-binding sites following this maturation. These proheads also showed no DNA packaging defect in vitro as compared with WT. Retention of function of phage and prohead portals with bulky internal (C-terminal) and external (N-terminal) fusion protein extensions, particularly of apparently capsid tethered portals, challenges the portal rotation requirement of some hypothetical DNA packaging mechanisms.
C1 USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
   Univ Maryland, Med Sch, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
RP Black, LW (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Chem, Mailstop 9B,572 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM lblack@umaryland.edu
RI Mullaney, Julienne/A-5677-2013
OI Mullaney, Julienne/0000-0001-7858-602X
FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI11676]
NR 46
TC 66
Z9 66
U1 1
U2 5
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0950-382X
J9 MOL MICROBIOL
JI Mol. Microbiol.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 61
IS 1
BP 16
EP 32
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05203.x
PG 17
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
GA 054CI
UT WOS:000238353300004
PM 16824092
ER

PT J
AU Medintz, IL
   Clapp, AR
   Brunel, FM
   Tiefenbrunn, T
   Uyeda, HT
   Chang, EL
   Deschamps, JR
   Dawson, PE
   Mattoussi, H
AF Medintz, Igor L.
   Clapp, Aaron R.
   Brunel, Florence M.
   Tiefenbrunn, Theresa
   Uyeda, H. Tetsuo
   Chang, Eddie L.
   Deschamps, Jeffrey R.
   Dawson, Philip E.
   Mattoussi, Hedi
TI Proteolytic activity monitored by fluorescence resonance energy transfer
   through quantum-dot-peptide conjugates
SO NATURE MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES; CYSTEINE PROTEASES; PROTEIN; APOPTOSIS;
   INHIBITORS; DESIGN; CDSE; NANOCRYSTALS; THROMBIN; CASPASES
AB Proteolytic activity monitored by fluorescence resonance energy transfer through quantum-dot-peptide conjugates.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Scripps Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
   Scripps Res Inst, Dept Chem, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
   Scripps Res Inst, Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Lab Struct Matter, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Medintz, IL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM imedintz@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil; hedimat@ccs.nrl.navy.mil
OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010; Tiefenbrunn,
   Theresa/0000-0002-3043-4788
NR 50
TC 368
Z9 377
U1 17
U2 144
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1476-1122
J9 NAT MATER
JI Nat. Mater.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 5
IS 7
BP 581
EP 589
DI 10.1038/nmat1676
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
   Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 059BS
UT WOS:000238708900025
PM 16799548
ER

PT J
AU Shattuck, LG
   Miller, NL
AF Shattuck, Lawrence G.
   Miller, Nita Lewis
TI Extending naturalistic decision making to complex organizations: A
   dynamic model of situated cognition
SO ORGANIZATION STUDIES
LA English
DT Article
DE situated cognition; decision making; process tracing
AB Naturalistic decision making (NDM) has become established as a methodological and theoretical perspective. It describes how practitioners actually make decisions in complex domains. However, NDM theories tend to focus on the human agents in the system. We extend the NDM perspective to include the technological agents in complex systems and introduce the dynamic model of situated cognition. We describe the general characteristics of NDM and the field of situated cognition, and provide a detailed description of our model. We then apply the model to a recent accident in which a US Navy submarine (USS Greeneville) collided with a Japanese fishing vessel (Ehime Maru). The discussion of the accident illustrates how decisions made are often a result of the interaction between a variety of technological and human agents and how errors introduced into the complex system can propagate through it in unintended ways. We argue that the dynamic model of situated cognition can be used to describe activities in virtually any complex domain.
C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Shattuck, LG (reprint author), USN, Postgrad Sch, Glasgow Hall,Room 234, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM lgshattu@nps.edu; nlmiller@nps.edu
NR 27
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 11
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0170-8406
J9 ORGAN STUD
JI Organ. Stud.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 7
SI SI
BP 989
EP 1009
DI 10.1177/0170840606065706
PG 21
WC Management
SC Business & Economics
GA 072RE
UT WOS:000239689900005
ER

PT J
AU Brigger, MT
   Brietzke, SE
AF Brigger, Matthew T.
   Brietzke, Scott E.
TI Outpatient tonsillectomy in children: A systematic review
SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 109th Annual Meeting of the
   American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery-Foundation
CY SEP 25-28, 2005
CL Los Angeles, CA
SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg Fdn
ID AMBULATORY TONSILLECTOMY; ADENOIDECTOMY; COMPLICATIONS;
   ADENOTONSILLECTOMY; EXPERIENCE; SAFETY
AB OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the level of evidence regarding the safety of outpatient pediatric tonsillectomy.
   STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: The medical literature addressing outpatient pediatric tonsillectomy was systernatically reviewed. The level of evidence was assessed, and data were pooled.
   RESULTS: Seventeen articles met inclusion criteria. Each article suggested that outpatient tonsillectomy was safe. The overall level of evidence was fair (grade B-). Pooled data analysis in the perioperative period showed a complication rate estimate of 8.8% (95% confidence interval [Cl], 5.5%-12.1%; P <= 0.001) and ail unplanned admission rate estimate of 8.0% (95% CI, 5.3%-10.7%: P :5 0.001). Subgroup analysis suggests that children under age 4 are at a higher risk of complications in the perioperative period with an odds ratio of 1.64 (95% Cl. 1.16-2.3 1).
   CONCLUSION: The level of evidence Supporting the safety of outpatient pediatric tonsillectomy is fair. The analyzed data show a higher rate of early complications and unplanned admissions in children under age 4.
   SIGNIFICANCE: The current evidence supports the practice of outpatient tonsillectomy in properly selected children.
C1 USN, Med Ctr, USNR, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA.
   Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat Otolaryngol, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
RP Brigger, MT (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, USNR, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA.
EM matt.brigger@alumni.vanderbilt.edu
NR 21
TC 40
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 2
PU MOSBY, INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA
SN 0194-5998
J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK
JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 135
IS 1
BP 1
EP 7
DI 10.1016/j.otohns.2006.02.036
PG 7
WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery
SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery
GA 060TM
UT WOS:000238824500001
PM 16815173
ER

PT J
AU Ak, M
   Keles, E
   Karacasu, F
   Pektas, B
   Akkafa, F
   Ozgur, S
   Sahinoz, S
   Ozcurpici, B
   Bozkurt, AI
   Sahinoz, T
   Saka, EG
   Ceylan, A
   Ilcin, E
   Acemioglu, H
   Palanci, Y
   Gul, K
   Akpinar, N
   Jones, TR
   Ozcel, MA
AF Ak, Mucide
   Keles, Elif
   Karacasu, Ferit
   Pektas, Bayram
   Akkafa, Feridun
   Ozgur, Servet
   Sahinoz, Saime
   Ozcurpici, Birg l
   Bozkurt, Ali Ihsan
   Sahinoz, Turgut
   Saka, E. Gunay
   Ceylan, Ali
   Ilcin, Ersen
   Acemioglu, Hamit
   Palanci, Yilmaz
   Gul, Kadri
   Akpinar, Nezahat
   Jones, Trevor R.
   Ozcel, Mehmet A.
TI The distribution of the intestinal parasitic diseases in the Southeast
   Anatolian (GAP=SEAP) region of Turkey
SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
AB Objectives: The physical alterations put in place by the Southeastern Anatolia Project will undoubtedly provide a remarkable economical growth and a social development in the area. In addition, the influence that formation of dam ponds, enlargement of irrigation areas, change of product and the way of cultivation, urbanization and industrialization will have an impact on the environment. To minimize the adverse effects of this process on human beings, a Community Health Project was completed by the teams participated by Ege, Dicle, Gaziantep and Harran Universities under the Directorate of Turkish Parasitology Association and by Southeastern Anatolia Project Regional Development Administration between 2001 and 2003. Results: To identify individuals with parasite, feces samples were taken from a total of 4,470 individuals. Parasites were found in feces of 41.8% of men, 44.3% of women and 32.2% of children, 0-59 months old, who were included in the research and gave feces samples for parasites tests. These prevalence values indicate how widespread parasitic diseases are in the region. The high prevalence of parasitic diseases in this area is one of the causes of malnutrition in 40% of children. Parasites were detected in 44.2% of feces samples taken from rural areas and in 39.5% taken from urban areas. When the distribution of parasites detected in feces samples was studied, the most common parasites were Giardia intestinalis (18.1%), Entamoeba coli (11.8%), Ascaris lumbricoides (4.8%), Trichuris trichiura (4.5%) and Hymenolepis nana (3.9%). Distribution of parasites according to cities varied widely. The most frequently seen parasites were T. trichiura in Gaziantep; G. intestinalis in Batman, Mardin, Diyarbaklr, Slrnak and Sanllurfa; and E. coli in Siirt, Kilis and Adlyaman. Conclusions: This study is the first investigation of intestinal parasite prevalence in a large region, specifically, in this GAP region and in Turkey, in general. There is no direct relationship between irrigating the cultivation areas and diffusion of parasitic diseases because the existence of intestinal parasites mentioned above is not related to the range of irrigation of cultivation areas, but is related to factors already discussed.
C1 Ataturk State Hosp, Dept Microbiol, Izmir, Turkey.
   Ege Univ, Fac Med, Dept Hematol, Izmir, Turkey.
   Harran Univ, Dept Med Biol, Urfa, Turkey.
   Gaziantep Univ, Fac Med, Dept Community Hlth, Gaziantep, Turkey.
   Pamukkale Univ, Fac Med, Dept Community Hlth, Denizli, Turkey.
   Gaziantep City Directorate Hlth, Gaziantep, Turkey.
   Dicle Univ, Fac Med, Dept Community Hlth, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
   Dicle Univ, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
   USN, Med Res Ctr, Malaria Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Ak, M (reprint author), Ege Univ, Fac Med, Dept Parasitol, Izmir, Turkey.
EM ak@med.ege.edu.tr
NR 8
TC 10
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 16
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0932-0113
J9 PARASITOL RES
JI Parasitol. Res.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 99
IS 2
BP 146
EP 152
DI 10.1007/s00436-006-0138-7
PG 7
WC Parasitology
SC Parasitology
GA 049NX
UT WOS:000238024400008
PM 16521038
ER

PT J
AU Riley, MA
   Djongolov, MK
   Evans, AO
   Hartley, DJ
   Janssens, RVF
   Paul, ES
   Pipidis, A
   Simpson, J
   Aguilar, AA
   Appelbe, DE
   Bingham, CR
   Campbell, DB
   Carpenter, MP
   Chowdhury, P
   Choy, PTW
   Clark, RM
   Cromaz, M
   Cullen, DM
   Danchev, M
   Dracoulis, GD
   Fallon, P
   Gorgen, A
   Hagemann, GB
   Joss, DT
   Goon, J
   Kaye, RA
   Khoo, TL
   Kondev, FG
   Laird, RW
   Lagergren, K
   Lauritsen, T
   Macchiavelli, AO
   McClain, B
   Moore, EF
   Mukherjee, G
   Ngijoi-Yogo, E
   Nolan, PJ
   Park, HI
   Riedinger, LL
   Sletten, G
   Tandel, SK
   Walker, PM
   Ward, D
   Ragnarsson, I
   Saric, F
   Zhang, JY
AF Riley, M. A.
   Djongolov, M. K.
   Evans, A. O.
   Hartley, D. J.
   Janssens, R. V. F.
   Paul, E. S.
   Pipidis, A.
   Simpson, J.
   Aguilar, A. A.
   Appelbe, D. E.
   Bingham, C. R.
   Campbell, D. B.
   Carpenter, M. P.
   Chowdhury, P.
   Choy, P. T. W.
   Clark, R. M.
   Cromaz, M.
   Cullen, D. M.
   Danchev, M.
   Dracoulis, G. D.
   Fallon, P.
   Gorgen, A.
   Hagemann, G. B.
   Joss, D. T.
   Goon, J.
   Kaye, R. A.
   Khoo, T. L.
   Kondev, F. G.
   Laird, R. W.
   Lagergren, K.
   Lauritsen, T.
   Macchiavelli, A. O.
   McClain, B.
   Moore, E. F.
   Mukherjee, G.
   Ngijoi-Yogo, E.
   Nolan, P. J.
   Park, H. I.
   Riedinger, L. L.
   Sletten, G.
   Tandel, S. K.
   Walker, P. M.
   Ward, D.
   Ragnarsson, I.
   Saric, F.
   Zhang, Jing-ye
TI Observation of states beyond band termination in Er-156,Er-157,Er-158
   and strongly deformed structures in Hf-173,Hf-174,Hf-175
SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Finite Fermionic Systems - Nilsson Model 50
   Years
CY JUN 14-18, 2005
CL Lund, SWEDEN
ID NUCLEI; EXCITATIONS
AB High-spin terminating bands in heavy nuclei were first identified in nuclei around Er-158(90). While examples of terminating states have been identified in a number of erbium isotopes, almost nothing is known about the states lying beyond band termination. In the present work, the high-spin structure of Er-156,Er-157,Er-158 has been studied using the Gammasphere spectrometer. The subject of triaxial superdeformation and 'wobbling' modes in Lu nuclei has rightly attracted a great deal of attention. Very recently four strongly or superdeformed (SD) sequences have been observed in Hf-174, and cranking calculations using the Ultimate Cranker code predict that such structures may have significant triaxial deformation. We have performed two experiments in an attempt to verify the possible triaxial nature of these bands. A lifetime measurement was performed to confirm the large (and similar) deformation of the bands. In addition, a high-statistics, thin-target experiment took place to search for linking transitions between the SD bands, possible wobbling modes, and new SD band structures.
C1 Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
   Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
   Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England.
   USN Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
   Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
   CCLRC Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England.
   Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA.
   Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
   Univ Manchester, Schuster Lab, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
   Australian Natl Univ, Dept Nucl Phys, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
   Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
   Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA.
   Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
   Trinity Univ, Dept Phys, San Antonio, TX 78212 USA.
   Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 5XH, Surrey, England.
   Lund Inst Technol, Dept Math Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden.
RP Riley, MA (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
EM mriley@nucmar.physics.fsu.edu
RI Dracoulis, George/A-8123-2008; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; 
OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; Tandel,
   Sujit/0000-0003-4784-3139; Gorgen, Andreas/0000-0003-1916-9941
NR 22
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 0
PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES
PI STOCKHOLM
PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN
SN 0031-8949
J9 PHYS SCRIPTA
JI Phys. Scr.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL T125
BP 123
EP 126
DI 10.1088/0031-8949/2006/T125/028
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 061YU
UT WOS:000238911500030
ER

PT J
AU Dasgupta, A
   Apruzese, JP
   Zatsarinny, O
   Bartschat, K
   Fischer, CF
AF Dasgupta, Arati
   Apruzese, J. P.
   Zatsarinny, Oleg
   Bartschat, Klaus
   Fischer, Charlotte Froese
TI Laser transition probabilities in XeI
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOMIC XENON-LASER; ELECTRON-BEAM; NONORTHOGONAL ORBITALS;
   ENERGY-LEVELS; OPTIMIZATION; SPLINES; STATES; GAIN
AB The atomic xenon laser is among the most efficient and powerful of the near-infrared gas lasers, especially when pumped by molecular ions in an Ar-Xe mixture. Accurate transition probabilities for the laser transitions are critical in developing a fundamental understanding of the inversion dynamics, gain, and power extraction of this device. We compare results from several methods of calculating transition probabilities for six laser lines ranging in wavelength from 1.733 to 3.508 mu m. In some cases, our recommended values differ considerably from those employed in previous work.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Drake Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Des Moines, IA 50311 USA.
   Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Dasgupta, A (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM dasgupta@ppdmail.nrl.navy.mil; oleg_zoi@yahoo.com;
   charlotte.fischer@nist.gov
RI Bartschat, Klaus/I-2527-2012
NR 34
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 74
IS 1
AR 012509
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.74.012509
PG 5
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 069DK
UT WOS:000239425900048
ER

PT J
AU Agassi, D
   Oates, DE
AF Agassi, D.
   Oates, D. E.
TI Nonlinear Meissner effect in a d-wave superconductor: Extension to all
   orders of the vector potential
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID YBA2CU3O7-DELTA THIN-FILMS; ANGLE GRAIN-BOUNDARIES;
   TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; INTERMODULATION DISTORTION; GEOMETRICAL BARRIER;
   SURFACE IMPEDANCE; CRITICAL CURRENTS; VORTEX DYNAMICS; TWIN BOUNDARY;
   STATE
AB The analysis of the intrinsic nonlinear Meissner effect in a d-wave superconductor is extended here to include all vector-potential orders. This is a continuation of the previously published analysis [D. Agassi and D. E. Oates, Phys Rev. B 72, 014538 (2005)] that was carried out to third order of the vector potential. The extended analysis now agrees qualitatively with the experimentally determined power dependence. This new analysis also predicts the power level at which the nonlinear response changes from an intrinsic pair-breaking nonlinearity to one where possibly vortex motion dominates.
C1 USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Funct Mat Dept, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
   MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA.
RP Agassi, D (reprint author), USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Funct Mat Dept, Carderock Div, 9500 MacArthur Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
NR 39
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 74
IS 2
AR 024517
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.74.024517
PG 14
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 069DP
UT WOS:000239426600089
ER

PT J
AU Haftel, MI
   Gall, K
AF Haftel, M. I.
   Gall, Ken
TI Density functional theory investigation of surface-stress-induced phase
   transformations in fcc metal nanowires
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID GOLD NANOWIRES; CU NANOWIRES; ENERGY; RECONSTRUCTION; TRANSITION;
   AU(100); IRIDIUM
AB We use density functional theory (DFT) and the tight-binding (TB) method to study the relaxation of narrow Cu, Ni, Au, Pt, and Ag nanowires originally oriented in the < 001 > direction with a fcc structure. For a small enough diameter (d < 2 nm) each nanowire, under the compressive influence of its own surface stress, spontaneously relaxes to either a < 110 > orientation (Cu, Ni, Ag) or to a bct < 001 > orientation (Au, Pt), both of which are characterized by a compression of the wire axis of at least 30%. To analyze the stability of bct structures, we calculate the elastic constants for the bct phases of these metals under bulk, slab, and nanowire conditions. DFT predicts that only the bct phase in Pt is stable with respect to shear distortions in both the bulk and in nanowires. We find that the surface contribution to the elastic constant for shear, C-66, helps stabilize the bct phase in Au which would otherwise be unstable under bulk conditions. A large stabilization contribution from the surface also occurs in Ni and Cu, but not enough to overcome the shear instability in the bulk, and these nanowires do not transform to bct, although Cu is nearly stable for very narrow nanowires of width similar to 1 nm. We discuss the interplay of surface and edge effects in the phase change or reorientation of these nanowires and implications of these results on pseudoelasticity or shape memory in fcc metals.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
   Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Haftel, MI (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 34
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 2
U2 21
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 74
IS 3
AR 035420
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.74.035420
PG 12
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 069DQ
UT WOS:000239426700127
ER

PT J
AU Pavarini, E
   Mazin, II
AF Pavarini, E.
   Mazin, I. I.
TI First-principles study of spin-orbit effects and NMR in Sr2RuO4
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; TRIPLET SUPERCONDUCTOR SR2RUO4;
   KNIGHT-SHIFT; STATE; SYMMETRY; NQR; TIN
AB We present a first principles study of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and spin orbit effects in the unconventional superconductor Sr2RuO4. We have calculated the uniform magnetic susceptibility, which agrees rather well with the experiment in amplitude, but, as in an earlier model result we found the calculated hard axis to be z, opposite to the experiment. We have also calculated the Knight shifts and the NMR relaxation rates for all atoms, and again found an overall good agreement, but with important deviations from the experiment in the same particular characteristics, such as the Knight shift anisotropy. Our results suggest that correlations in Sr2RuO4 lead to underestimations of the orbital effects in density-functional-based calculations. We also argue that the accepted "experimental" value for the relative contribution of orbital polarization in susceptibility, 10-15 %, is also an underestimation. We discuss the puzzling invariance of the O and Ru Knight shifts across the superconducting transition for all directions of the applied field. We show that this fact cannot be explained by accidental cancellations or spin-flip scattering, as it happens in some elemental superconductors. We also point out that a large contribution of the dipole and orbital hyperfine field into the Knight shifts in Sr2RuO4, combined with the possibility of an orbital-dependent superconductivity, calls for a revision of the standard theory of the Knight shift in the superconducting state.
C1 Univ Pavia, INFM, Dipartimento Fis A Volta, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
   Forschungszentrum, Inst Festkorperforsch, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Pavarini, E (reprint author), Univ Pavia, INFM, Dipartimento Fis A Volta, Via Palestro 3, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
RI Mazin, Igor/B-6576-2008; Pavarini, Eva/F-3156-2011
OI Pavarini, Eva/0000-0003-0860-8558
NR 45
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 74
IS 3
AR 035115
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.74.035115
PG 11
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 069DQ
UT WOS:000239426700047
ER

PT J
AU Rubinovich, L
   Haftel, MI
   Bernstein, N
   Polak, M
AF Rubinovich, Leonid
   Haftel, Michael I.
   Bernstein, Noam
   Polak, Micha
TI Compositional structures and thermodynamic properties of Pd-Cu, Rh-Pd,
   and Rh-Pd-Cu nanoclusters computed by a combined free-energy
   concentration expansion method and tight-binding approach
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID ALLOY SURFACE SEGREGATION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; BIMETALLIC
   NANOSTRUCTURES; NOBLE-METALS; CLUSTERS; TRANSITION; VACANCIES; ORDER
AB The statistical-mechanical free-energy concentration expansion method in conjunction with tight-binding elemental bonding energetics are used in atomistic modeling of alloy cluster compositional structures. The study focuses on three systems of 923-atom cuboctahedron clusters, Pd-Cu, Rh-Pd, and Rh-Pd-Cu, each capable of inter-cluster atomic exchange. At low temperatures, cluster core ordering and surface mixed-type ordering are predicted for Pd-Cu compositional "magic-number" clusters, whereas the system of Rh-Pd clusters tends to separate into clusters exhibiting demixed order. In the former case, slight deviations from magic-number compositions strongly affect segregation levels. At high temperatures, Pd-Cu clusters exhibit surface segregation that affects order-disorder transitions, and at even higher temperatures a surface desegregation process, all of which are reflected in characteristic Schottky-type configurational heat capacity versus T curves. Comparing Pd-Cu with Rh-Pd-Cu reveals distinct ternary alloying effects. The role of surface induced bond energy variations in segregation related order-disorder transitions is demonstrated.
C1 Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Chem, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel.
   USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Rubinovich, L (reprint author), Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Chem, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel.
RI Rubinovich, Leonid/F-2321-2012
OI Rubinovich, Leonid/0000-0001-8031-5237
NR 42
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 74
IS 3
AR 035405
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.74.035405
PG 7
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 069DQ
UT WOS:000239426700112
ER

PT J
AU Boccaletti, S
   Hwang, DU
   Chavez, M
   Amann, A
   Kurths, J
   Pecora, LM
AF Boccaletti, S.
   Hwang, D. -U.
   Chavez, M.
   Amann, A.
   Kurths, J.
   Pecora, L. M.
TI Synchronization in dynamical networks: Evolution along commutative
   graphs
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID SMALL-WORLD NETWORKS; COMPLEX NETWORKS; SYSTEMS
AB Starting from an initial wiring of connections, we show that the synchronizability of a network can be significantly improved by evolving the graph along a time dependent connectivity matrix. We consider the case of connectivity matrices that commute at all times, and compare several approaches to engineer the corresponding commutative graphs. In particular, we show that synchronization in a dynamical network can be achieved even in the case in which each individual commutative graphs does not give rise to synchronized behavior.
C1 CNR, Ist Sitemi Complessi, I-50125 Florence, Italy.
   Hop La Pitie Salpetriere, LENA, CNRS, UPR 640, F-75651 Paris 13, France.
   Tyndall Natl Inst, Cork, Ireland.
   Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys, D-14415 Potsdam, Germany.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Boccaletti, S (reprint author), CNR, Ist Sitemi Complessi, Largo E Fermi 6, I-50125 Florence, Italy.
RI Amann, Andreas/B-7114-2008; Chavez, Mario/D-8495-2011; 
OI Amann, Andreas/0000-0002-5865-3712; Chavez, Mario/0000-0003-0390-4833;
   Hwang, Dong-Uk/0000-0002-1506-8601
NR 21
TC 55
Z9 56
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1539-3755
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 74
IS 1
AR 016102
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.74.016102
PN 2
PG 5
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 069DJ
UT WOS:000239425700004
PM 16907146
ER

PT J
AU Kohl, JG
   Singer, IL
   Schwarzer, N
   Yu, VY
AF Kohl, James G.
   Singer, Irwin L.
   Schwarzer, Norbert
   Yu, Victor Y.
TI Effect of bond coat modulus on the durability of silicone duplex
   coatings
SO PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
LA English
DT Review
DE silicone coating; scratch test; durability; modulus; indentation
ID SENSING INDENTATION; COMPOSITES; INDENTERS; FRACTURE; WEAR
AB Scratch tests were used to determine the effect of the bond coat modulus on the durability of silicone duplex coatings under continuous loading and low speed sliding contact. Two sets of duplex coatings were tested. Each had the same top coat but different bond coats, with layers ranging in thickness from 65 to 485 mu m. Depth sensing indentation tests were performed to determine the modulus, elastic and irrecoverable energy of each layer. The top coat layer had an indentation modulus of 2.7 +/- 0.2 MPa with a percent irrecoverable energy of 11%. One bond coat had an indentation modulus of 3.9 +/- 0.5 MPa with a percent irrecoverable energy of 9%; the other bond coat had an indentation modulus of 155 +/- 12 MPa with a percent irrecoverable energy of 54%. Scratch tests were performed with a 1.6 mm. radius steel ball sliding at 5 mm/min during loading at 97 N/min. Coating failure was detected by a sudden drop in the tangential force at a critical value T-c. For both sets of coatings T-c increased linearly with both bond and top coat thickness. The thickness dependence of the bond coat with the higher indentation modulus was about 2.2 times more than for the lower modulus bond coat. The dependence of T-c on the modulus ratio of bond coat to top coat has been calculated for a sphere loaded into a duplex layer; T-c was found to increase monotonically with increasing modulus ratio. It has also been demonstrated that there should be an optimal value for the bond coat's indentation modulus that provides the most tear resistance. A tearing energy criterion was also used to qualitatively explain the bond coat's contribution to toughening the duplex coating, in that bond coats that dissipate more energy during deformation will require more energy for tearing. (C) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ San Diego, Dept Engn, San Diego, CA 92110 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Saxonian Inst Surface Mech, SIO, D-04838 Eilenburg, Germany.
   US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, West Point, NY 10996 USA.
RP Kohl, JG (reprint author), Univ San Diego, Dept Engn, San Diego, CA 92110 USA.
EM jkohl@sandiego.edu
RI Kohl, James /E-5365-2011
NR 23
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0300-9440
J9 PROG ORG COAT
JI Prog. Org. Coat.
PD JUL 1
PY 2006
VL 56
IS 2-3
BP 220
EP 226
DI 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2006.05.005
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 069VG
UT WOS:000239476200019
ER

PT J
AU Smith, SA
   Doyle, JD
   Brown, AR
   Webster, S
AF Smith, S. A.
   Doyle, J. D.
   Brown, A. R.
   Webster, S.
TI Sensitivity of resolved mountain drag to model resolution for MAP
   case-studies
SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE drag parametrization; model resolution
ID GRAVITY-WAVE-DRAG; OFFICE UNIFIED MODEL; OROGRAPHIC DRAG; PRESSURE DRAG;
   CENTRAL ALPS; MONT-BLANC; BREAKING; IMPACT; FLOW; PARAMETRIZATION
AB Seven mountain wave case-studies from the Mesoscale Alpine Programme (MAP) have been used to investigate the behaviour of the resolved Alpine pressure drag with model horizontal resolution. Three independent modelling systems show that the magnitude of the resolved surface pressure drag increases monotonically as the horizontal model resolution is increased from 125 km down to a few kilometres. A substantial proportion of the drag will still need to be parametrized in the next generation of mesoscale models, with horizontal resolutions of 3 or 4 km. This is particularly true for the most important drag cases, when the jet stream directly above the mountains produces larger wind speeds near mountain crest level, resulting in much larger total Alpine drags.
C1 Met Off, Exeter EX1 3PB, Devon, England.
   USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Brown, AR (reprint author), Met Off, FitzRoy Rd, Exeter EX1 3PB, Devon, England.
EM andy.brown@metoffice.gov.uk
NR 32
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 3
PU ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI READING
PA 104 OXFORD ROAD, READING RG1 7LJ, BERKS, ENGLAND
SN 0035-9009
J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC
JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 132
IS 618
BP 1467
EP 1487
DI 10.1256/qj.05.67
PN A
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 087ST
UT WOS:000240763300005
ER

PT J
AU Doyle, JD
   Jiang, QF
AF Doyle, James D.
   Jiang, Qingfang
TI Observations and numerical simulations of mountain waves in the presence
   of directional wind shear
SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE directional shear; internal gravity waves; Mesoscale Alpine Programme;
   numerical modelling
ID OROGRAPHIC GRAVITY-WAVES; DRAG PARAMETRIZATION; COMPLEX TERRAIN;
   CRITICAL-LEVEL; FLOWS; ATMOSPHERE; BREAKING; HEIGHT; MODEL; ALPS
AB Three research aircraft observed small-amplitude gravity waves over the south-western French Alps on 13 November 1999 during the Mesoscale Alpine Programme (MAP). Radiosonde ascents and Global Positioning System dropsondes deployed by MAP research aircraft indicate that the upstream flow was characterized by topographic blocking below 2 km and low-level directional wind shear associated with a synoptic-scale depression that extended above the Alpine crest. The in situ vertical velocity data from the three research aircraft, and backscatter from lidar onboard the low-level and upper-level aircraft, exhibit gravity-wave signatures in the lower troposphere that are characterized by relatively short horizontal wavelengths on a scale of 5 km or less. The in situ flight-level and backscatter data also suggest a rapid decrease in the wave amplitude with height, due to a directional critical layer that partially absorbs wave energy in the lower to middle troposphere in concert with a decrease in the Scorer parameter with height that traps the wave energy. Numerical simulation results, obtained from the non-hydrostatic Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System model using a horizontal resolution of 556 m, indicate the presence of low-level wave breaking above the highest peaks, and confirm the presence of trapped waves and a directional critical level. Results based on linear theory and nonlinear model simulations suggest that the absorption of wave energy associated with the directional critical layer has an important impact on the wave characteristics including the momentum flux.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
   Univ Corp Atmospher Res, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Doyle, JD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM doyle@nrlmry.navy.mil
NR 40
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0035-9009
J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC
JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 132
IS 619
BP 1877
EP 1905
DI 10.1256/qj.05.140
PN B
PG 29
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 098TM
UT WOS:000241545700006
ER

PT J
AU Brucker, AJ
   Hopkins, TB
AF Brucker, Alexander J.
   Hopkins, Tim B.
TI Retinal detachment surgery: The latest in current management
SO RETINA-THE JOURNAL OF RETINAL AND VITREOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 108th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Ophthalmology
CY OCT 23-26, 2004
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Acad Ophthalmol
ID PARS-PLANA VITRECTOMY; VITREOUS SURGERY; TEARS; GASES
C1 Univ Penn, Scheie Eye Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
   Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, USN, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol,Med Corps, Bethesda, MD USA.
RP Brucker, AJ (reprint author), 51 N 39th St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
NR 22
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0275-004X
J9 RETINA-J RET VIT DIS
JI Retin.-J. Retin. Vitr. Dis.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2006
VL 26
IS 6
SU S
BP S28
EP S33
DI 10.1097/00006982-200607001-00008
PG 6
WC Ophthalmology
SC Ophthalmology
GA 176LH
UT WOS:000247086100008
PM 16832296
ER

PT J
AU Roland, CM
AF Roland, C. M.
TI Mechanical behavior of rubber at high strain rates
SO RUBBER CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPE; WET SKID RESISTANCE; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE;
   SEGMENTAL DYNAMICS; GLASS-TRANSITION; EXPANDING RING; NATURAL-RUBBER;
   THERMORHEOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY; VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES; MODIFIED
   POLYBUTADIENE
AB Methods to obtain the mechanical response of rubber at high rates of strain are reviewed. These techniques include the extrapolation of low strain, low strain rate data, the limitations of which are discussed, extrapolations to elevated hydrostatic pressure, and direct determinations using split Hopkinson bar and drop weight testers, as well as miscellaneous methods. Some applications involving rubber at strain rates sufficient to induce a transition to the glassy state are described.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Roland, CM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM roland@nrl.nay.mil
NR 135
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 4
U2 25
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC INC
PI AKRON
PA RUBBER DIV UNIV AKRON PO BOX 499, AKRON, OH 44309-0499 USA
SN 0035-9475
EI 1943-4804
J9 RUBBER CHEM TECHNOL
JI Rubber Chem. Technol.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2006
VL 79
IS 3
BP 429
EP 459
DI 10.5254/1.3547945
PG 31
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 214IZ
UT WOS:000249732500003
ER

PT J
AU Fadeel, MA
   Wasfy, MO
   Pimentel, G
   Klena, JD
   Mahoney, FJ
   Hajjeh, RA
AF Fadeel, Moustafa A.
   Wasfy, Momtaz O.
   Pimentel, Guillermo
   Klena, John D.
   Mahoney, Francis J.
   Hajjeh, Rana A.
TI Rapid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of human
   brucellosis in surveillance and clinical settings in Egypt
SO SAUDI MEDICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 104th General Meeting of the American-Society-for-Microbiology
CY MAY 23-27, 2004
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Soc Microbiol
ID AGGLUTINATION-TEST; IGG; SERODIAGNOSIS; PERFORMANCE; DISEASES; TESTS
AB Objectives: To optimize and standardize an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for rapid diagnosis of human brucellosis in clinical cases identified during a surveillance study for acute febrile illness (AFI).
   Methods: Serum samples from patients presenting with AFI at 13 fever hospitals across Egypt between 1999 and 2003 were kept frozen at NAMRU-3 and used in this study. The assay was evaluated in 5 subject groups: brucellosis cases confirmed by blood culture (group I, n=202) 87% positive by standard tube agglutination test (TA), brucellosis cases exclusively confirmed by TA (group II, n=218), blood cultures from AFI cases positive for bacterial species other than Brucella (group 111, n=103), AFI cases with unexplained etiologies (group IV, n=654), and healthy volunteers (group V, n=50). All members of groups III-V were negative for brucellosis by TA.
   Results: Sensitivity and specificity of ELISA for total specific antibodies were >= 96% versus 87% for TA as compared to microbial culture, the current gold standard method for Brucella identification. Assessment of Brucella antibody classes by ELISA in random subsets of the 5 groups showed significantly high (p > 0.001) levels of anti Brucella IgG (>= 81%) and IgM (>= 90%) in groups I and II only.
   Conclusions: The obtained sensitivity and specificity results indicate that our ELISA is more suitable for AFI surveillance and clinical settings than blood culture and TA. The developed assay is also cost-effective, easier to use, faster, and the coated plates can be stocked for at least 8 months, providing a potential for field use and automation.
C1 USN, WHO, Med Res Unit 3, Reg Off Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt.
   Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Fadeel, MA (reprint author), USN, Med Res Unit 3, PSC-452,Box 5000, FPO, AE 09835 USA.
EM fadeelm@namru3.med.navy.mil
RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; 
OI Pimentel, Guillermo/0000-0003-2464-1526
NR 26
TC 10
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 0
PU SAUDI MED J
PI RIYADH
PA ARMED FORCES HOSPITAL, PO BOX 7897,, RIYADH 11159, SAUDI ARABIA
SN 0379-5284
J9 SAUDI MED J
JI Saudi Med. J.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 7
BP 975
EP 981
PG 7
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 067QL
UT WOS:000239317600007
PM 16830014
ER

PT J
AU Kostoff, RN
   Johnson, D
   Del Rio, JA
   Bloomfield, LA
   Shlesinger, MF
   Malpohl, G
   Cortes, HD
AF Kostoff, Ronald N.
   Johnson, Dustin
   Del Rio, J. Antonio
   Bloomfield, Louis A.
   Shlesinger, Michael F.
   Malpohl, Guido
   Cortes, Hector D.
TI Duplicate publication and 'paper inflation' in the fractals literature
SO SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING ETHICS
LA English
DT Article
DE text mining; redundant publications; text matching; paper inflation;
   document plagiarism; concept matching; fractals; greedy string tiling;
   CopyFind; data compression
ID INFORMATION-RETRIEVAL; REDUNDANT PUBLICATION; DATABASE TOMOGRAPHY;
   PLAGIARISM; MISCONDUCT; DOCUMENTS; ARTICLES; SURGERY; ICEBERG; FIELD
AB The similarity of documents in a large database of published Fractals articles was examined for redundancy. Three different text matching techniques were used on published Abstracts to identify redundancy candidates, and predictions were verified by reading full text versions of the redundancy candidate articles. A small fraction of the total articles in the database was judged to be redundant. This was viewed as a lower limit, because it excluded cases where the concepts remained the same, but the text was altered substantially.
   Far more pervasive than redundant publications were publications that did not violate the letter of redundancy but rather violated the spirit of redundancy. There appeared to be widespread publication maximization strategies. Studies that resulted in one comprehensive paper decades ago now result in multiple papers that focus on one major problem, but are differentiated by parameter ranges, or other stratifying variables. This paper inflation' is due in large part to the increasing use of metrics (publications, patents, citations, etc) to evaluate research performance, and the researchers' motivation to maximize the metrics.
C1 Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA.
   Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Energia, Temixco, Morelos, Mexico.
   Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA.
   Univ Karlsruhe, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany.
RP Kostoff, RN (reprint author), Off Naval Res, 875 N Randolph St, Arlington, VA 22217 USA.
EM kostofr@onr.navy.mil
RI del Rio Portilla, Jesus Antonio/C-2125-2009; Cortes, Hector/D-1749-2011
OI del Rio Portilla, Jesus Antonio/0000-0001-6180-0608; 
NR 31
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1353-3452
EI 1471-5546
J9 SCI ENG ETHICS
JI Sci. Eng. Ethics
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 12
IS 3
BP 543
EP 554
DI 10.1007/s11948-006-0052-5
PG 12
WC Ethics; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; History & Philosophy Of Science;
   Multidisciplinary Sciences; Philosophy
SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Engineering; History & Philosophy of
   Science; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Philosophy
GA 076HN
UT WOS:000239947700013
PM 16909156
ER

PT J
AU Spanos, G
AF Spanos, G
TI Foreword: Scripta materialia viewpoint set on 3D characterization and
   analysis of materials
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Spanos, G (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 0
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 2
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 55
IS 1
BP 3
EP 3
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2006.02.038
PG 1
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
   Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
   Metallurgical Engineering
GA 045SL
UT WOS:000237762400001
ER

PT J
AU Rowenhorst, DJ
   Gupta, A
   Feng, CR
   Spanos, G
AF Rowenhorst, DJ
   Gupta, A
   Feng, CR
   Spanos, G
TI 3D crystallographic and morphological analysis of coarse martensite:
   Combining EBSD and serial sectioning
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE three-dimensional (3D) microstructures; electron backscattering
   diffraction (EBSD); Martensitic steels
ID PROEUTECTOID CEMENTITE; 3-DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS; MICROSTRUCTURES; STEEL
AB This investigation combines EBSD analysis with serial sectioning to allow for direct, quantitative investigations into the 3D morphology and 3D crystallography of coarse martensite crystals formed in HSLA-100 steel. It is shown how the 3D crystallography can be represented both qualitatively within the 3D reconstructions, and quantitatively by constructing a crystallographic interface normal distribution (CIND). The CIND indicates that the coarse martensite crystals display four distinct facets, of which the specific crystallographic directions are determined for the three largest facets. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc.
C1 CNR, Washington, DC 20001 USA.
   Geocenters Inc, Arlington, VA 22201 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Rowenhorst, DJ (reprint author), CNR, Washington, DC 20001 USA.
EM david.rowenhorst@nrl.navy.mil
NR 12
TC 88
Z9 91
U1 4
U2 29
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 55
IS 1
BP 11
EP 16
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2005.12.061
PG 6
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
   Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
   Metallurgical Engineering
GA 045SL
UT WOS:000237762400003
ER

PT J
AU Lewis, AC
   Geltmacher, AB
AF Lewis, AC
   Geltmacher, AB
TI Image-based modeling of the response of experimental 3D microstructures
   to mechanical loading
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE three-dimensional (3D) microstructures; finite element analysis;
   electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD); mesostructure; image analysis
ID ELEMENT; COMPOSITES; VISUALIZATION; BEHAVIOR
AB A three-dimensional (3D) spatial and crystallographic reconstruction of an austenitic steel microstructure was generated using optical microscopy, serial sectioning, and electron backscatter diffraction, and was incorporated into an image-based finite element model to simulate the mesoscale mechanical response of the real microstructure. The effects of crystallographic orientation and the interactions between applied loads, constraints, and microstructure are discussed. Advanced 3D visualization techniques are used to identify critical microstructural features at which the onset of plasticity, failure and fracture are predicted to occur. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Lewis, AC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Code 6352,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM alexis.lewis@nrl.navy.mil
NR 20
TC 68
Z9 70
U1 4
U2 12
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 55
IS 1
BP 81
EP 85
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2006.01.043
PG 5
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
   Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
   Metallurgical Engineering
GA 045SL
UT WOS:000237762400015
ER

PT J
AU Waters, JK
   Mayer, RH
AF Waters, Jennifer K.
   Mayer, Robert H., Jr.
TI Capstone design projects for harnessing ocean energy
SO SEA TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
C1 USN Acad, Dept Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Waters, JK (reprint author), USN Acad, Dept Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU COMPASS PUBLICATIONS, INC
PI ARLINGTON
PA 1501 WILSON BLVD., STE 1001, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-2403 USA
SN 0093-3651
J9 SEA TECHNOL
JI Sea Technol.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 47
IS 7
BP 10
EP 13
PG 4
WC Engineering, Ocean
SC Engineering
GA 066UO
UT WOS:000239255800002
ER

PT J
AU Johnson, BJ
   Capano, MA
   Mastro, MA
AF Johnson, Brian J.
   Capano, Michael A.
   Mastro, Michael A.
TI Energy band alignment and interface states in AlGaN/4H-SiC vertical
   heterojunction diodes
SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE AlGaN; SiC; heterojunction; diode; interface; MOCVD
ID VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; GAN; GROWTH; POLARIZATION; SURFACES; CONTACTS;
   ALGAN
AB The effects of AlxGa1-xN aluminum fraction x and SiC surface pre-treatment on AlGaN/4H-SiC heterojunction interfaces are experimentally investigated. From capacitance vs. voltage measurements, the conduction band offsets are found to be Delta E-C approximate to 0.30 for x approximate to 0.3 and Delta E-C approximate to 0.56 for x approximate to 0.5. Forward bias ideality factors are reasonable at 3.3 for Al0.3Ga0.7N diodes, but > 9 for Al0.5Ga0.5N diodes, suggesting a higher level of interface charge related to the higher aluminum fraction. Reverse bias leakage is acceptably low, with breakdown occurring at V-A > 200 V reverse bias for all tested devices. The effect of 1500 degrees C hydrogen etching of the SiC substrate prior to AlxGa1-xN growth is also investigated, and found to have little effect for x = 0. 3 but a beneficial effect for x = 0.5. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Johnson, BJ (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, 1205 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM bjj@purdue.edu
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 5
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-1101
J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON
JI Solid-State Electron.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2006
VL 50
IS 7-8
BP 1413
EP 1419
DI 10.1016/j.sse.2006.05.028
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics,
   Condensed Matter
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 086IY
UT WOS:000240668200040
ER

PT J
AU Hamzi, B
   Krener, AJ
   Kang, W
AF Hamzi, B
   Krener, AJ
   Kang, W
TI The controlled center dynamics of discrete time control bifurcations
SO SYSTEMS & CONTROL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE nonlinear control systems; model reduction; control bifurcations;
   stabilization; discrete time
ID LOCAL FEEDBACK STABILIZATION; CONVERSE LYAPUNOV THEOREM; NONLINEAR
   CONTROL-SYSTEMS
AB In this paper, we introduce the Controlled center dynamics for nonlinear discrete time systems with uncontrollable linearization. This is a reduced order control system whose dimension is the number of uncontrollable modes and whose stabilizability properties determine the stabilizability properties of the full order system. After reducing the order of the system, the synthesis of a stabilizing controller is performed based on the reduced order control system. By changing the feedback, the stability properties of the controlled center dynamics will change, and thus the stability properties of the full order system will change too. Thus, choosing a feedback that stabilizes the controlled center dynamics allows stabilizing the full order system. This approach is a reduction technique for some classes of controlled differential equations. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Math, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Hamzi, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Math, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM hamzi@math.ucdavis.edu; krener@math.ucdavis.edu; wkang@nps.edu
RI Hamzi, Boumediene/C-6469-2015
OI Hamzi, Boumediene/0000-0002-9446-2614
NR 33
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-6911
J9 SYST CONTROL LETT
JI Syst. Control Lett.
PD JUL
PY 2006
VL 55
IS 7
BP 585
EP 596
DI 10.1016/j.sysconle.2006.01.001
PG 12
WC Automation & Control Systems; Operations Research & Management Science
SC Automation & Control Systems; Operations Research & Management Science
GA 046WW
UT WOS:000237842800011
ER

PT J
AU Duplessis, C
   Hoffer, M
AF Duplessis, C.
   Hoffer, M.
TI Tinnitus in an active duty navy diver: A review of inner ear barotrauma,
   tinnitus, and its treatment.
SO UNDERSEA & HYPERBARIC MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID HEARING-LOSS; PERFUSION; THERAPY
AB This case elucidates subtle cues that must be appreciated by the examiner in diving related injuries, who may not have experience with barotrauma-mediated pathology. Inner-ear barotrauma (IEBT) does not mandate ostensible hearing loss or vertigo; tinnitus may be the sole manifestation. Symptoms may present hours or even days post-dive. A common misconception exists that there are no efficacious treatment options for IEBT short of surgery for an overt perilymphatic fistula (1). Treatment options are available including acute high dose steroid administration, as prescribed for acute noise-induced or idiopathic hearing loss, optimally administered within three weeks of the acute insult. Tinnitus does not necessarily constitute a chronic untreatable symptom, which the patient must learn "to live with" (6,7).
C1 USN, Submarine Res Lab, Groton, CT 06349 USA.
   USN, Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
RP Duplessis, C (reprint author), USN, Submarine Res Lab, Groton, CT 06349 USA.
NR 23
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 4
PU UNDERSEA & HYPERBARIC MEDICAL SOC INC
PI DUNKIRK
PA 10020 SOUTHER MARYLAND BLVD, PO BOX 1020, DUNKIRK, MD 20754-1020 USA
SN 1066-2936
J9 UNDERSEA HYPERBAR M
JI Undersea Hyperb. Med.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2006
VL 33
IS 4
BP 223
EP 230
PG 8
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 081SE
UT WOS:000240336500002
PM 17004408
ER

PT J
AU Oyama, S
   Watkins, BJ
   Djuth, FT
   Kosch, MJ
   Bernhardt, PA
   Heinselman, CJ
AF Oyama, S.
   Watkins, B. J.
   Djuth, F. T.
   Kosch, M. J.
   Bernhardt, P. A.
   Heinselman, C. J.
TI Persistent enhancement of the HF pump-induced plasma line measured with
   a UHF diagnostic radar at HAARP
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID STRONG LANGMUIR TURBULENCE; IONOSPHERIC MODIFICATION EXPERIMENTS;
   PARAMETRIC-INSTABILITIES; HEATING EXPERIMENTS; ELECTRON GYROFREQUENCY;
   DENSITY DEPLETIONS; OPTICAL-EMISSIONS; SMOOTH IONOSPHERE;
   HIGH-RESOLUTION; F-REGION
AB Plasma lines excited by a powerful, high-frequency (HF) radio wave are studied using data obtained with an ultrahigh frequency (UHF) radar at HAARP (High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program) from 3 to 5 February 2005. Of particular interest is persistent enhancement of the radar backscatter power during HF on at several HF frequencies. The persistent enhancement is induced with the HF frequency slightly lower than foF2 by a few hundred kHz; by contrast the persistent enhancement does not appear when the HF frequency is equal to and higher than foF2 or lower than foF2 by more than 500 kHz. When persistent enhancements of the radar backscatter power appear, two case studies show that the local plasma frequency at the reflection height of the O-mode polarization wave is close to the second or third electron gyroharmonic frequencies, but one case study shows that the local plasma frequency at the reflection height is significantly different from the third electron gyroharmonic frequency.
C1 Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
   Geospace Res Inc, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA.
   Univ Lancaster, Lancaster LA1 4YR, England.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   SRI Int, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Oyama, S (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, 903 Koyukuk Dr,POB 757320, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM soyama@gi.alaska.edu
OI Kosch, Michael Jurgen/0000-0003-2846-3915
NR 57
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD JUN 29
PY 2006
VL 111
IS A6
AR A06309
DI 10.1029/2005JA011363
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 062KN
UT WOS:000238943100002
ER

PT J
AU Dini, D
   Calvete, MJF
   Hanack, M
   Pong, RGS
   Flom, SR
   Shirk, JS
AF Dini, Danilo
   Calvete, Mario J. F.
   Hanack, Michael
   Pong, Richard G. S.
   Flom, Steven R.
   Shirk, James S.
TI Nonlinear transmission of a tetrabrominated naphthalocyaninato indium
   chloride
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID REVERSE-SATURABLE ABSORPTION; ELECTRON-WITHDRAWING SUBSTITUENTS; OPTICAL
   LIMITING PROPERTIES; EXCITED-STATE; PHTHALOCYANINE COMPLEXES;
   CHARGE-TRANSFER; PORPHYRINS; SPECTRA; FLUORINATION; FULLERENES
AB The axially substituted complex chloro indium(III) 2-tetrabromo-3-tetra-(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyloxy)naphthalocyanine [Br-4(tBu(2)PhO)(4)NcInCl (1); MW = 1996] has been synthesized for the first time, and its nonlinear transmission properties have been evaluated with the Z-scan technique in both open and closed aperture configurations at 532 nm for nanosecond pulsed radiation. The tetrabrominated complex 1 displayed a larger positive nonlinear absorption coefficient when compared to an analogous nonbrominated naphthalocyanine [(tBu(2)PhO)(8)NcInCl (2); MW = 2498]. The effect of the four Br atoms on the nonlinear optical behavior of 1 is evaluated, discussed, and compared with the nonlinear optical behavior of 2. It is shown that the bromination of the naphthalocyanine ring considerably improves the limiting properties of such a system when high-intensity radiations are produced by nanosecond laser pulses at 532 nm.
C1 Univ Tubingen, Inst Organ Chem, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Dini, D (reprint author), Univ Tubingen, Inst Organ Chem, Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany.
EM danilo.dini@uni-tuebingen.de
RI Calvete, Mario/D-5547-2012; Dini, Danilo/E-4081-2014
OI Calvete, Mario/0000-0003-2094-4781; Dini, Danilo/0000-0001-5005-4187
NR 73
TC 30
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD JUN 29
PY 2006
VL 110
IS 25
BP 12230
EP 12239
DI 10.1021/jp0571776
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 055JP
UT WOS:000238446900007
PM 16800543
ER

PT J
AU Uno, I
   Wang, Z
   Chiba, M
   Chun, YS
   Gong, SL
   Hara, Y
   Jung, E
   Lee, SS
   Liu, M
   Mikami, M
   Music, S
   Nickovic, S
   Satake, S
   Shao, Y
   Song, Z
   Sugimoto, N
   Tanaka, T
   Westphal, DL
AF Uno, I.
   Wang, Z.
   Chiba, M.
   Chun, Y. S.
   Gong, S. L.
   Hara, Y.
   Jung, E.
   Lee, S. -S.
   Liu, M.
   Mikami, M.
   Music, S.
   Nickovic, S.
   Satake, S.
   Shao, Y.
   Song, Z.
   Sugimoto, N.
   Tanaka, T.
   Westphal, D. L.
TI Dust model intercomparison (DMIP) study over Asia: Overview
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID ACE-ASIA; SAHARAN DUST; WIND EROSION; YELLOW SAND; NUMERICAL PREDICTION;
   TRANSPORT; SIMULATION; EMISSION; AEROSOL; STORMS
AB [ 1] An intercomparison study involving eight dust emission/transport models over Asia ( DMIP) has been completed. Participating dust models utilize a variety of dust emission schemes, horizontal and vertical resolutions, numerical methods, and different meteorological models. Two huge dust episodes occurred in spring 2002 and were used for the DMIP study. Meteorological parameters, dust emission flux and dust concentration ( diameter < 20 mm) are compared within the same domain on the basis of PM and NIES lidar measurements. We found that modeled dust concentrations between the 25% and 75% percentiles generally agreed with the PM observations. The model results correctly captured the major dust onset and cessation timing at each observation site. However, the maximum concentration of each model was 2 - 4 times different. Dust emission fluxes from the Taklimakan Desert and Mongolia differ immensely among the models, indicating that the dust source allocation scheme over these regions differs greatly among the various modeling groups. This suggests the measurements of dust flux and accurate updated land use information are important to improve the models over these regions. The dust vertical concentration profile at Beijing, China, and Nagasaki, Japan, has a large scatter ( more than two times different) among the models. For Beijing, the scaled dust profile has a quite similar vertical profile and shows relatively good agreement with the lidar extinction profile. However, for Nagasaki, the scaled dust profiles do not agree. These results indicate that modeling of dust transport and removal processes between China and Japan is another important issue in improving dust modeling.
C1 Kyushu Univ, Appl Mech Res Inst, Kasuga, Fukuoka 8168580, Japan.
   Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, LAPC NZC, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
   Meteorol Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050052, Japan.
   Korean Meteorol Adm, Meteorol Res Inst, Seoul 156720, South Korea.
   Meteorol Serv Canada, Air Qual Res Branch, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada.
   City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys & Mat Sci, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
   Univ Malta, Fdn Int Studies, Euromediterranean Ctr Insular Coastal Dynam, Valletta VLT07, Malta.
   Res Inst Human & Nat, Kyoto 6020878, Japan.
   China Meteorol Adm, Natl Meteorol Ctr, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
   Natl Inst Environm Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058506, Japan.
RP Uno, I (reprint author), Kyushu Univ, Appl Mech Res Inst, Kasuga, Fukuoka 8168580, Japan.
EM iuno@riam.kyushu-u.ac.jp; zifawang@mail.iap.ac.cn; mchiba@mri-jma.go.jp;
   yschun@metri.re.kr; sunling.gong@ec.gc.ca; yhara@riam.kyushu-u.ac.jp;
   eunjoo@fiji.ucsd.edu; leess@metri.re.kr; liu@nrlmry.navy.mil;
   mmikami@mri-jma.go.jp; s.music@icod.org.mt; snickovic@wmo.int;
   satake@chikyu.ac.jp; apyshao@cityu.edu.hk; songzhenxin@vip.sina.com;
   nsugimot@nies.go.jp; yatanaka@mri-jma.go.jp; westphal@nrlmry.navy.mil
RI Wang, Zifa/B-5192-2008; Uno, Itsushi/B-5952-2011; Wang, ZF/D-7202-2012;
   Wang, Zifa/B-5799-2011; mikami, masao/P-9062-2014; Sugimoto,
   Nobuo/C-5189-2015; Kyushu, RIAM/F-4018-2015; U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016;
   Shao, Yaping/G-3606-2013; 
OI Wang, ZF/0000-0002-7062-6012; Sugimoto, Nobuo/0000-0002-0545-1316; Shao,
   Yaping/0000-0002-2041-5479; Tanaka, Taichu Yasumichi/0000-0003-0600-2122
NR 39
TC 100
Z9 111
U1 4
U2 19
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUN 28
PY 2006
VL 111
IS D12
AR D12213
DI 10.1029/2005JD006575
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 062IU
UT WOS:000238938600001
ER

PT J
AU Randel, WJ
   Wu, F
   Vomel, H
   Nedoluha, GE
   Forster, P
AF Randel, William J.
   Wu, Fei
   Voemel, Holger
   Nedoluha, Gerald E.
   Forster, Piers
TI Decreases in stratospheric water vapor after 2001: Links to changes in
   the tropical tropopause and the Brewer-Dobson circulation
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID HALOGEN OCCULTATION EXPERIMENT; RADIOSONDE TEMPERATURE DATA;
   QUASI-BIENNIAL OSCILLATION; TEMPORAL HOMOGENIZATION; TROPOSPHERE
   EXCHANGE; SOUTHERN-HEMISPHERE; OZONE; TRENDS; LAYER; CONVECTION
AB [ 1] Time series of stratospheric water vapor measurements by satellites and balloons show persistent low values beginning in 2001. Temperature observations show that the tropical tropopause has been anomalously cold during this period, and the observed water vapor changes ( approximately - 0.4 ppmv) are consistent with the temperature decreases ( approximately - 1 K). The cold anomalies occur in the tropics over a narrow vertical layer near 15 - 20 km. There have been corresponding changes in the tropical ozone profile over the same period, with similar to 10% reductions over a similar narrow layer near the tropopause. The variations in temperature and ozone appear coupled, and the spatial patterns of the changes since 2001 are consistent with an increase in the mean tropical upwelling (Brewer-Dobson) circulation. Estimates of tropical upwelling derived from eddy statistics ("downward control'') show coherence with interannual temperature changes, including a consistent increase after 2001. Part of the temperature changes may also be explained as a radiative response to the observed ozone decreases. The results paint a consistent picture of enhanced tropical upwelling after 2001, resulting in colder temperatures, lower water vapor and lower ozone near the tropical tropopause. The recent low values significantly influence estimates of decadal-scale trends in temperature and ozone near the tropical tropopause.
C1 Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
   NOAA, Global Monitoring Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
RP Randel, WJ (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM randel@ucar.edu
RI Randel, William/K-3267-2016; Forster, Piers/F-9829-2010
OI Randel, William/0000-0002-5999-7162; Forster, Piers/0000-0002-6078-0171
NR 41
TC 163
Z9 168
U1 0
U2 21
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUN 27
PY 2006
VL 111
IS D12
AR D12312
DI 10.1029/2005JD006744
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 062IR
UT WOS:000238938300007
ER

PT J
AU Pines, D
   Salvino, L
AF Pines, D
   Salvino, L
TI Structural health monitoring using empirical mode decomposition and the
   Hilbert phase
SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION
LA English
DT Article
ID TIME-FREQUENCY LOCALIZATION; WAVELET ANALYSIS; VIBRATION
AB This paper discusses a new signal processing tool involving the use of empirical mode decomposition and its application to health monitoring of structures. Empirical mode decomposition is a time-series analysis method that extracts a custom set of basis functions to describe the vibratory response of a system. In conjunction with the Hilbert Transform, the empirical mode decomposition method provides some unique information about the nature of the vibratory response. In this paper, the method is used to process time-series data from a variety of I-D structures with and without structural damage. Empirically derived basis functions are processed through the Hilbert-Huang Transform to obtain magnitude, phase, and damping information. This magnitude, phase, and damping information is later processed to extract the underlying incident energy propagating through the structure. This incident energy is also referred to as the dereverberated response of a structure. Using simple physics-based models of I-D structures, it is possible to determine the location and extent of damage by tracking phase properties between successive degrees of freedom. This paper also presents experimental validation of this approach using a civil building model. Results illustrate that this new time-series method is a powerful signal processing tool that tracks unique features in the vibratory response of structures. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Maryland, Alfred Gessow Rotocraft Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
   USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Struct & Composites Code 652, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
RP Pines, D (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Alfred Gessow Rotocraft Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM djpterp@eng.umd.edu
NR 23
TC 56
Z9 72
U1 2
U2 16
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0022-460X
J9 J SOUND VIB
JI J. Sound Vibr.
PD JUN 27
PY 2006
VL 294
IS 1-2
BP 97
EP 124
DI 10.1016/j.jsv.2005.10.024
PG 28
WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics
GA 051FE
UT WOS:000238146200007
ER

PT J
AU Hull, AJ
AF Hull, AJ
TI Mindlin shear coefficient determination using model comparison
SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION
LA English
DT Article
ID PLATE
AB This paper derives an analytical expression of the shear coefficient in the Mindlin plate equation for a plate of infinite spatial extent subjected to forced excitation at definite frequency and wavenumber. The displacement transfer function derived from the Mindlin plate equation is set equal to the displacement transfer function derived from the Rayleigh-Lamb thick plate equation, and the result is a closed-form expression of the shear coefficient. A numerical example is included to illustrate the variation of the shear coefficient with respect to the system parameters. It is shown that the shear coefficient is extremely dependent on wavenumber and only slightly dependent oil frequency. Shear coefficients derived in other work for free vibration are compared favorably to the values calculated by this new method at the wavenumber and frequency of the flexural wave response of the plate. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div, Autonomous Syst & Technol Dept, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
RP Hull, AJ (reprint author), USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr Div, Autonomous Syst & Technol Dept, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
EM hullaj@npt.nuwc.navy.mil
NR 7
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0022-460X
J9 J SOUND VIB
JI J. Sound Vibr.
PD JUN 27
PY 2006
VL 294
IS 1-2
BP 125
EP 130
DI 10.1016/j.jsv.2005.10.018
PG 6
WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics
GA 051FE
UT WOS:000238146200008
ER

PT J
AU Caldwell, JD
   Mastro, MA
   Hobart, KD
   Glembocki, OJ
   Eddy, CR
   Bassim, ND
   Holm, RT
   Henry, RL
   Twigg, ME
   Kub, F
   Neudeck, PG
   Trunek, AJ
   Powell, JA
AF Caldwell, JD
   Mastro, MA
   Hobart, KD
   Glembocki, OJ
   Eddy, CR
   Bassim, ND
   Holm, RT
   Henry, RL
   Twigg, ME
   Kub, F
   Neudeck, PG
   Trunek, AJ
   Powell, JA
TI Improved ultraviolet emission from reduced defect gallium nitride
   homojunctions grown on step-free 4H-SiC mesas
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MG-DOPED GAN; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SURFACES; FILMS
AB We previously reported 100-fold reductions in III-N heterofilm threading dislocation density achieved via growth on top of (0001) 4H-SiC mesas completely free of atomic scale steps. This letter compares the electroluminescent (EL) output of GaN pn junctions grown on top of 4H-SiC mesas with and without such steps. An average of 49% enhancement of the ultraviolet luminescence (380 nm) was observed in step-free mesas over comparable "stepped" counterparts. Despite the intense EL from the step-free devices, significant leakage was observed through the periphery of the device, possibly due to the lack of GaN junction isolation processing.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
   OAI, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
   Sest Inc, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Caldwell, JD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM joshua.cadwell@nrl.navy.mil
RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008
OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168
NR 12
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUN 26
PY 2006
VL 88
IS 26
AR 263509
DI 10.1063/1.2218045
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 059EX
UT WOS:000238717200085
ER

PT J
AU Hwang, PA
AF Hwang, PA
TI Doppler frequency shift in ocean wave measurements: Frequency downshift
   of a fixed spectral wave number component by advection of wave orbital
   velocity
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA CLUTTER; SLOPE
AB Because the Jacobian connecting wave number to frequency conversion is nonlinear, in the presence of background waves even without a mean current a wave number spectral component does not appear at the expected intrinsic frequency in the frequency spectrum measured by a stationary probe. The advection of the wave number component by the orbital current of background waves produces a net downshift in the encounter frequency. Comparison with laboratory measurements shows that the effect is important in low-wind conditions. As wind speed increases, the frequency downshift due to orbital advection becomes less recognizable.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Oceanog, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA.
RP Hwang, PA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM phwang@ccs.nrl.navy.mil
NR 9
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD JUN 24
PY 2006
VL 111
IS C6
AR C06033
DI 10.1029/2005JC003072
PG 4
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 057MO
UT WOS:000238600100001
ER

PT J
AU Tidgewell, K
   Harding, WW
   Lozama, A
   Cobb, H
   Shah, K
   Kannan, P
   Dersch, CM
   Parrish, D
   Deschamps, JR
   Rothman, RB
   Prisinzano, TE
AF Tidgewell, Kevin
   Harding, Wayne W.
   Lozama, Anthony
   Cobb, Howard
   Shah, Kushal
   Kannan, Pavitra
   Dersch, Christina M.
   Parrish, Damon
   Deschamps, Jeffrey R.
   Rothman, Richard B.
   Prisinzano, Thomas E.
TI Synthesis of salvinorin A analogues as opioid receptor probes
SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS
LA English
DT Article
ID PLANT-DERIVED HALLUCINOGEN; SALVIA-DIVINORUM; IN-VITRO; AGONIST;
   LIGANDS; DITERPENE; ASSAY
AB Several neoclerodanes, such as salvinorin A (1) and herkinorin (3), have recently been shown to possess opioid receptor activity in vitro and in vivo. To explore the structure-affinity relationships of this interesting class of compounds, we have synthesized a series of analogues from 1 isolated from Salvia divinorum. Here, we report the semisynthesis of neoclerodane diterpenes and their structure-affinity relationships at opioid receptors. This work will allow the further development of novel opioid receptor ligands.
C1 Univ Iowa, Coll Pharm, Div Med & Nat Prod Chem, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
   NIDA, Clin Psychopharmacol Sect, IRP, NIH,DHHS, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA.
RP Prisinzano, TE (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Coll Pharm, Div Med & Nat Prod Chem, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
EM thomas-prisinzano@uiowa.edu
RI Prisinzano, Thomas/B-7877-2010; 
OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010; Kannan,
   Pavitra/0000-0002-9170-6062; Tidgewell , Kevin/0000-0002-0501-2604
FU Intramural NIH HHS; NIDA NIH HHS [DA18151, R01 DA018151, R01
   DA018151-01A2]
NR 24
TC 37
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0163-3864
J9 J NAT PROD
JI J. Nat. Prod.
PD JUN 23
PY 2006
VL 69
IS 6
BP 914
EP 918
DI 10.1021/np060094b
PG 5
WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 055VN
UT WOS:000238478800010
PM 16792410
ER

PT J
AU Kaminski, K
   Paluch, M
   Ziolo, J
   Ngai, KL
AF Kaminski, K
   Paluch, M
   Ziolo, J
   Ngai, KL
TI Dielectric studies of molecular motions in glassy and liquid nicotine
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID AMORPHOUS PHARMACEUTICAL SOLIDS; STRUCTURAL RELAXATION-TIME; GOLDSTEIN
   BETA-RELAXATION; JOHARI-GOLDSTEIN; SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS;
   ALPHA-RELAXATION; COUPLING MODEL; SECONDARY RELAXATIONS; TEMPERATURE;
   FORMERS
AB The dielectric permittivity and loss spectra of glassy and liquid states of nicotine have been measured over the frequency range 10(-2)-10(9) Hz. The relaxation spectra are similar to common small molecular glass-forming substances, showing the structural alpha-relaxation and its precursor, the Johari-Goldstein beta-relaxation. The alpha-relaxation is well described by the Fourier transform of the Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts stretched exponential function with an approximately constant stretch exponent that is equal to 0.70 as the glass transition temperature is approached. The dielectric alpha-relaxation time measured over 11 orders of magnitude cannot be described by a single Vogel-Fulcher-Tamman-Hesse equation. The most probable Johari-Goldstein beta-relaxation time determined from the dielectric spectra is in good agreement with the primitive relaxation time of the coupling model calculated from parameters of the structural a-relaxation. The shape of the dielectric spectra of nicotine is compared with that of other glass-formers having about the same stretch exponent, and they are shown to be nearly isomorphic. The results indicate that the molecular dynamics of nicotine conform to the general pattern found in other glass-formers, and the presence of the universal Johari-Goldstein secondary relaxation, which plays a role in the crystallization of amorphous pharmaceuticals.
C1 Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Kaminski, K (reprint author), Silesian Univ, Inst Phys, Ulica Uniwersytecka 4, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland.
NR 44
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 9
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-8984
J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT
JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter
PD JUN 21
PY 2006
VL 18
IS 24
BP 5607
EP 5615
DI 10.1088/0953-8984/18/24/003
PG 9
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 057JS
UT WOS:000238592700005
ER

PT J
AU Jacoby, BA
   Cameron, PB
   Jenet, FA
   Anderson, SB
   Murty, RN
   Kulkarni, SR
AF Jacoby, BA
   Cameron, PB
   Jenet, FA
   Anderson, SB
   Murty, RN
   Kulkarni, SR
TI Measurement of orbital decay in the double neutron star binary PSR
   B2127+11C
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE binaries : close; globular clusters : individual (M15); gravitation;
   pulsars : individual (PSR B2127+11A, PSR B2127+11B, PSR B2127+11C)
ID GLOBULAR-CLUSTER M15; RELATIVISTIC GRAVITY; GENERAL-RELATIVITY; PROPER
   MOTIONS; RADIO PULSARS; SYSTEMS; PROBES; TESTS; FIELD; MASS
AB We report the direct measurement of orbital period decay in the double neutron star pulsar system PSR B2127 + 11C in the globular cluster M15 at the rate of (-3.95 +/- 0.13) x 10(-12), consistent with the prediction of general relativity at the similar to 3% level. We find the pulsar mass to be m(p) = 1.358 +/- 0.010 M-. and the companion mass m(c) = 1.354 +/- 0.010 M-.. We also report long-term pulse timing results for the pulsars PSR B2127 + 11A and PSR B2127 + 11B, including confirmation of the cluster proper motion.
C1 CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
   Univ Texas, Ctr Gravitat Wave Astron, Brownsville, TX 78520 USA.
   Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Jacoby, BA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7213,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM bryan.jacoby@nrl.navy.mil; pbc@astro.caltech.edu; merlyn@alum.mit.edu;
   sba@astro.caltech.edu; rnm5@cornell.edu; srk@astro.caltech.edu
NR 25
TC 51
Z9 52
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUN 20
PY 2006
VL 644
IS 2
BP L113
EP L116
DI 10.1086/505742
PN 2
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 053XY
UT WOS:000238340700004
ER

PT J
AU Plesha, MA
   Van Wie, BJ
   Mullin, JM
   Kidwell, DA
AF Plesha, MA
   Van Wie, BJ
   Mullin, JM
   Kidwell, DA
TI Measuring quaternary ammonium cleaning agents with ion selective
   electrodes
SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
DE ion selective electrode; surfactant; quaternary ammonium ion;
   selectivity; polymeric reference electrode
ID MULTICOMPONENT ANALYSIS; POTENTIOMETRIC SENSORS; NONLINEAR CALIBRATION;
   SIMPLEX OPTIMIZATION; MEMBRANE ELECTRODES; FLOW-INJECTION; ARRAY;
   SURFACTANTS; MODEL; PARAMETERS
AB Data for coated-wire, ion selective electrodes (ISEs) are presented for cationic surfactant ions found in common cleaners including benzyldimethyltetradecylammonium, benzyldimethyldodecylanunonium, and benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium. The ion exchangers dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid, tetraphenyborate, and tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)borate are examined, showing dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid to be the favored species. The ISEs exhibit approximately Nernstian behavior down to the 10(-6) M limit of detection with lifetimes in excess of 50 days when used continuously, and a shelf life of over 100 days. Reaching the upper detection limit at the critical micelle concentration requires use of polymeric-membrane reference electrodes including a new membrane cocktail, which allow response measurements of an order of magnitude higher than the traditional fritted-glass reference electrode. The surfactant ISEs show excellent selectivity over the common metal ions Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and Cu2+ with selectivity coefficients less than 10(-5.3). The ISEs are also selective over the lower molecular weight quaternary ammonium ions tetradecyltrimethylammonium, dodecyltrimethylammonium, benzyldimethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium, and tetrabutylammonium with selectivity coefficients ranging from 10-(1.7) to 10(-5.5). Use of a single electrode to determine accurately the total cationic surfactant concentration in common cleaning solutions is accomplished with information about concentration dependent interferences and a modified Nikolsky-Eisenman model. Finally, quaternary ammonium surfactants have a deleterious effect on the measurements of pH and common ions like K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ with polymeric ISEs. This makes it critical to include surfactant electrodes in a detector array when cleaning agents are present. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Van Wie, BJ (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, POB 2710, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
EM bvanwie@che.wsu.edu
NR 48
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 3
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0003-2670
J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA
JI Anal. Chim. Acta
PD JUN 16
PY 2006
VL 570
IS 2
BP 186
EP 194
DI 10.1016/j.aca.2006.04.024
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 057WZ
UT WOS:000238627200008
PM 17723398
ER

PT J
AU Sapsford, KE
   Taitt, CR
   Fertig, S
   Moore, MH
   Lassman, ME
   Maragos, CA
   Shriver-Lake, LC
AF Sapsford, KE
   Taitt, CR
   Fertig, S
   Moore, MH
   Lassman, ME
   Maragos, CA
   Shriver-Lake, LC
TI Indirect competitive immunoassay for detection of aflatoxin B-1 in corn
   and nut products using the array biosensor
SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE array biosensor; indirect competitive immunoassay; aflatoxin B-1; corn
   products; nut products
ID IMMUNOAFFINITY COLUMN CLEANUP; STAPHYLOCOCCAL-ENTEROTOXIN-B;
   LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; RAPID DETECTION; OCHRATOXIN-A; FOOD; MYCOTOXINS;
   SAMPLES; APPLICABILITY; IMMUNOSENSOR
AB Because of the potential health risks of aflatoxin B-1 (AFB(1)), it is essential to monitor the level of this mycotoxin in a variety of foods. An indirect competitive immunoassay has been developed using the NRL array biosensor, offering rapid, sensitive detection and quantification of AFB(1) in buffer, corn and nut products. AFB(1)-spiked foods were extracted with methanol and Cy5-anti-AFB(1) added to the resulting sample. The extracted sample/antibody mix was passed over a waveguide surface patterned with immobilized AFB1. The resulting fluorescence signal decreased as the concentration of AFB(1) in the sample increased. The limit of detection for AFB(1) in buffer, 0.3 ng/ml, was found to increase to between 1.5 and 5.1 ng/g and 0.6 and 1.4 ng/g when measured in various corn and nut products, respectively. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   George Mason Univ, Manassas, VA 20110 USA.
   USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Mycotoxin Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
RP Shriver-Lake, LC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM lcs@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil
NR 32
TC 69
Z9 71
U1 0
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
PI OXFORD
PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON,
   OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0956-5663
J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON
JI Biosens. Bioelectron.
PD JUN 15
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 12
BP 2298
EP 2305
DI 10.1016/j.bios.2005.10.021
PG 8
WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical;
   Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry;
   Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 043PN
UT WOS:000237613700015
PM 16495044
ER

PT J
AU Norton, GV
   Novarini, JC
AF Norton, GV
   Novarini, JC
TI Finite-difference time-domain simulation of acoustic propagation in
   dispersive medium: An application to bubble clouds in the ocean
SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE finite-difference time-domain; causality; dispersion; acoustic
ID INCLUDING DISPERSION; ATTENUATION; EQUATION
AB Accurate modeling of pulse propagation and scattering is a problem in many disciplines (i.e. electromagnetics and acoustics). For the case of an acoustic wave propagating in a two-dimensional non-dispersive medium, a routine 2nd order in time and space Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) scheme representation of the linear wave equation can be used to solve for the acoustic pressure. However when the medium is dispersive, one is required to take into account the frequency dependent attenuation and phase speed. Until recently to include the dispersive effects one typically solved the problem in the frequency domain and not in the time domain. The frequency domain solutions were Fourier transformed into the time domain. However by using a theory first proposed by Blackstock [D.T. Blackstock, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 77 (1985) 2050. [1]], the linear wave equation has been modified by adding an additional term (the derivative of the convolution between the causal time-domain propagation factor and the acoustic pressure) that takes into account the dispersive nature of the medium. In the case of acoustic propagation through water, the water environment becomes strongly dispersive due to the presence of air bubbles that are present below the air-water interface. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
   Planning Syst Inc, Long Beach, MS 39560 USA.
RP Norton, GV (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
EM guy.norton@nrlssc.navy.mil
NR 12
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0010-4655
J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN
JI Comput. Phys. Commun.
PD JUN 15
PY 2006
VL 174
IS 12
BP 961
EP 965
DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2006.01.003
PG 5
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA 055TF
UT WOS:000238472600003
ER

PT J
AU Hirsekorn, M
   Delsanto, PP
   Leung, AC
   Matic, P
AF Hirsekorn, Martin
   Delsanto, Pier Paolo
   Leung, Alan C.
   Matic, Peter
TI Elastic wave propagation in locally resonant sonic material: Comparison
   between local interaction simulation approach and modal analysis
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CONNECTION MACHINE SIMULATION; SOUND-SCATTERING; ATTENUATION
AB Locally resonant sonic materials exhibit strong sound attenuation bands in the audible frequency range due to resonance scattering of elastic waves. We compare the results of a finite element modal analysis of a single resonant unit with sound attenuation spectra obtained from wave propagation simulations based on the local interaction simulation approach. The modal analysis yields a complete prediction of all resonance modes including information on node locations, mode degeneration, and modes that do not attenuate sound due to geometrical symmetries. Elliptical instead of circular inclusions break the geometric symmetry of the resonators, splitting the attenuation peak of degenerate modes into separate peaks. A small frequency shift is observed between the resonance frequencies and the frequencies of maximum sound attenuation, due to the asymmetric shape of the attenuation peaks and interference between resonance scattering and free propagating waves. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Politecn Torino, Dipartimento Fis, I-10129 Turin, Italy.
   USN, Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Hirsekorn, M (reprint author), Politecn Torino, Dipartimento Fis, Corso Duca Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Turin, Italy.
EM martin.hirsekorn@polito.it
NR 30
TC 37
Z9 38
U1 2
U2 15
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JUN 15
PY 2006
VL 99
IS 12
AR 124912
DI 10.1063/1.2208528
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 059JV
UT WOS:000238730000123
ER

PT J
AU Jensen, KL
   Feldman, DW
   Moody, NA
   O'Shea, PG
AF Jensen, KL
   Feldman, DW
   Moody, NA
   O'Shea, PG
TI A photoemission model for low work function coated metal surfaces and
   its experimental validation
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID PHOTOELECTRIC FIELD-EMISSION; FEMTOSECOND THERMIONIC EMISSION;
   ELECTRON-EMISSION; LASER-PULSES; DISPENSER CATHODE; NEEDLE CATHODES; BA;
   FILMS; PHOTOCATHODES; ULTRAVIOLET
AB Photocathodes are a critical component many linear accelerator based light sources. The development of a custom-engineered photocathode based on low work function coatings requires an experimentally validated photoemission model that accounts the complexity of the emission process. We have developed a time-dependent model accounting for the effects of laser heating and thermal propagation on photoemission. It accounts for surface conditions (coating, field enhancement, and reflectivity), laser parameters (duration, intensity, and wavelength), and material characteristics (reflectivity, laser penetration depth, and scattering rates) to predict current distribution and quantum efficiency (QE) as a function of wavelength. The model is validated by (i) experimental measurements of the QE of cesiated surfaces, (ii) the QE and performance of commercial dispenser cathodes (B, M, and scandate), and (iii) comparison to QE values reported in the literature for bare metals and B-type dispenser cathodes, all for various wavelengths. Of particular note is that the highest QE for a commercial (M-type) dispenser cathode found here was measured to be 0.22% at 266 nm, and is projected to be 3.5 times larger for a 5 ps pulse delivering 0.6 mJ/cm(2) under a 50 MV/m field.
C1 USN, Res Lab, ESTD, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Univ Maryland, IREAP, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
   Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Jensen, KL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, ESTD, Code 6843, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM kevin.jensen@nrl.navy.mil
RI Jensen, Kevin/I-1269-2015
OI Jensen, Kevin/0000-0001-8644-1680
NR 62
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 2
U2 23
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JUN 15
PY 2006
VL 99
IS 12
AR 124905
DI 10.1063/1.2203720
PG 19
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 059JV
UT WOS:000238730000116
ER

PT J
AU Shao, L
   Lee, JK
   Wang, YQ
   Nastasi, M
   Thompson, PE
   Theodore, ND
   Alford, TL
   Mayer, JW
   Chen, P
   Lau, SS
AF Shao, L
   Lee, JK
   Wang, YQ
   Nastasi, M
   Thompson, PE
   Theodore, ND
   Alford, TL
   Mayer, JW
   Chen, P
   Lau, SS
TI Effect of substrate growth temperatures on H diffusion in hydrogenated
   Si/Si homoepitaxial structures grown by molecular beam epitaxy
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SILICON; DEFECTS; NUCLEATION; LAYER
AB We have investigated hydrogen diffusion in hydrogenated < 100 > Si/Si homoepitaxial structures, which were grown by molecular beam epitaxy at various temperatures. The substrate growth temperature can significantly affect the H diffusion behavior, with higher growth temperatures resulting in deeper H diffusion. For the Si/Si structure grown at the highest temperature of 800 degrees C, H trapping occurs at the epitaxial Si/Si substrate interface, which results in the formation of (100) oriented microcracks at the interface. The mechanism of H trapping and the potential application of these findings for the development of a method of transferring ultrathin Si layers are discussed. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Freescale Semicond Inc, Adv Prod Res & Dev Lab, Tempe, AZ 85284 USA.
   Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
   Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Shao, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM lshao@mailaps.org
RI Chen, Peng/H-3384-2012
NR 18
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JUN 15
PY 2006
VL 99
IS 12
AR 126105
DI 10.1063/1.2204330
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 059JV
UT WOS:000238730000132
ER

PT J
AU Vurgaftman, I
   Meyer, JR
AF Vurgaftman, I
   Meyer, JR
TI Analysis of limitations to wallplug efficiency and output power for
   quantum cascade lasers
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTINUOUS-WAVE OPERATION; VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; MU-M; ROOM-TEMPERATURE;
   SUPERLATTICES
AB We have carried out detailed optical and thermal simulations of quantum cascade laser (QCL) operation as a function of material and device parameters. The main objective of the study is to evaluate the potential for improvements in the cw wallplug efficiencies and output powers beyond the current state of the art, when such parameters as the internal loss, series resistance, doping level in the active region, number of QCL stages, ridge width, cavity length, current density, and operating temperature are varied within reasonable ranges. For the test case of a narrow-ridge lambda=4.8 mu m QCL mounted epitaxial side down, we project that a maximum wallplug efficiency of > 10% and cw output power of > 1 W may be feasible at room temperature, if the net internal loss can be reduced by 30% from its best current value. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Vurgaftman, I (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM vurgaftman@nrl.navy.mil
NR 26
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JUN 15
PY 2006
VL 99
IS 12
AR 123108
DI 10.1063/1.2206847
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 059JV
UT WOS:000238730000009
ER

PT J
AU Kazakia, GJ
   Nauman, EA
   Ebenstein, DM
   Halloran, BP
   Keaveny, TM
AF Kazakia, GJ
   Nauman, EA
   Ebenstein, DM
   Halloran, BP
   Keaveny, TM
TI Effects of in vitro bone formation on the mechanical properties of a
   trabeculated hydroxyapatite bone substitute
SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 49th Annual Meeting of the Orthopaedic-Research-Society
CY FEB 02-05, 2003
CL NEW ORLEANS, LA
SP Orthopaed Res Soc
DE bone tissue engineering; bone marrow stromal cells; trabecular bone
   implants; mechanical properties; hydroxyapatite scaffolds
ID MARROW STROMAL CELLS; NEUTRON-ACTIVATION ANALYSIS;
   FIBROBLAST-GROWTH-FACTOR; OSTEOBLAST-LIKE CELLS; ELASTIC PROPERTIES;
   POROUS HYDROXYAPATITE; GRAFT SUBSTITUTES; PERFUSION CULTURE; CORTICAL
   BONE; NATURAL BONE
AB This study was designed to test the hypothesis that the mechanical properties of a trabecular bone substitute can be enhanced through in vitro tissue formation. Our specific objectives were to (1) determine the effects of in vitro marrow stromal cell-mediated tissue deposition upon a trabeculated hydroxyapatite scaffold on the strength and toughness of the resulting bone substitute; and (2) identify and characterize regions of newly deposited matrix and mineral. This work provides a basis for future investigations aimed at transforming a brittle hydroxyapatite scaffold into an osteoinductive, biomechanically functional implant through in vitro bone deposition. As hypothesized, the mechanical properties of the trabecular bone substitutes were significantly enhanced by hi vitro tissue formation. As a result of cell seeding and a 5 week culture protocol, mean strength increased by 85% (p = 0.008) and energy to fracture increased by 130% (p = 0.003). Accompanying the enhancement of mechanical properties was the deposition of significant amounts of bone matrix and mineral. Fluorescence imaging, scanning electron microscopy, electron probe microanalysis, and nanoindentation confirmed the presence of bonelike mineral with Ca/P ratio, modulus, and hardness similar to that within human and rat trabecular bone tissue. This new mineralization was found to exist within a newly deposited parallel-fibered matrix both encasing and bridging between scaffold trabeculae. Taken as a whole, our results establish the feasibility of the production of an osteoinductive hydroxyapatite-based trabecular bone substitute with mechanical properties enhanced through in vitro bone deposition. (c) 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Orthopaed Biomech Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
   Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Ctr Tissue Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
   Purdue Univ, Dept Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Tribol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
   Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
RP Kazakia, GJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Vet Adm Med Ctr, Box 2520,QB3 Bldg,2nd Floor,1700 4th St,Suite 203, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
EM galateia.kazakia@radiology.usf.edu
NR 58
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 8
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1549-3296
J9 J BIOMED MATER RES A
JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A
PD JUN 15
PY 2006
VL 77A
IS 4
BP 688
EP 699
DI 10.1002/jbm.a.30644
PG 12
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 046DT
UT WOS:000237792300005
PM 16514602
ER

PT J
AU Ebenstein, DM
   Wahl, KJ
AF Ebenstein, DM
   Wahl, KJ
TI A comparison of JKR-based methods to analyze quasi-static and dynamic
   indentation force curves
SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE nanoindentation; force curve; adhesion; viscoelastic; JKR; PDMS; dynamic
   modulus; relaxed modulus; AFM; polymer films
ID SURFACE INTERACTIONS; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; CONTACT STIFFNESS;
   NANOINDENTATION; ADHESION; LOAD; MICROSCOPY; FRICTION; MODULUS; SOLIDS
AB The Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) theory of elastic contact, extended to take viscoelastic effects into account, is used to evaluate work of adhesion and modulus of elastomeric films. In this paper, we present a comparison of five approaches to analyze quasi-static and dynamic JKR force curve data obtained using instrumented indentation. The load-displacement experiments were performed using a 200-mu m radius borosilicate glass sphere against poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS). By applying a small oscillation to the tip during indentation, dynamic stiffness vs load data were also obtained for frequencies between 25 and 160 Hz. Direct curve fitting as well as simplified 2- and 3-point analysis methods were used to compare modulus values obtained from load-displacement and stiffness-load data. Fit methods not requiring determination of the initial point of tip-sample contact ("zero" displacement) provided modulus values closest to those obtained by direct curve fitting. The dynamic stiffness-load data revealed a frequency dependent modulus; load-displacement measurements obtained simultaneously were consistent with the relaxed, or low-frequency, modulus of the PDMS sample. These experiments demonstrate that both the frequency dependent and relaxed modulus can be obtained from a single experiment. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Ebenstein, DM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6176, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM donnae@alumni.caltech.edu; kathryn.wahl@nrl.navy.mil
OI Wahl, Kathryn/0000-0001-8163-6964
NR 29
TC 75
Z9 76
U1 7
U2 45
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0021-9797
J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI
JI J. Colloid Interface Sci.
PD JUN 15
PY 2006
VL 298
IS 2
BP 652
EP 662
DI 10.1016/j.jcis.2005.12.062
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 047WJ
UT WOS:000237909100020
PM 16455101
ER

PT J
AU Casalini, R
   Capaccioli, S
   Roland, CM
AF Casalini, R.
   Capaccioli, S.
   Roland, C. M.
TI What can we learn by squeezing a liquid?
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID GLASS-FORMING LIQUIDS; SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS; ALPHA-RELAXATION;
   TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; SEGMENTAL DYNAMICS; ORGANIC LIQUIDS; PRESSURE;
   POLYMERS; BEHAVIOR; THERMODYNAMICS
AB Relaxation times tau(T,v) for different temperatures, T, and specific volumes, v, collapse to a master curve vs Tu(gamma), with gamma a material constant. The isochoric fragility, m(V), is also a material constant, inversely correlated with gamma. From these experimental facts, we obtain a three-parameter function that accurately fits tau(T,v) data for several glass-formers over the supercooled regime, without any divergence of tau below T(g). Although the values of the three parameters depend on the material, only gamma significantly varies; thus, by normalizing material-specific quantities related to gamma, a universal power law for the dynamics is obtained.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
   Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Pisa, Italy.
   Univ Pisa, INFM, Pisa, Italy.
   CNR, INFM, CRS, SOFT, Rome, Italy.
RP Casalini, R (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM casalini@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; capacci@df.unipi.it; roland@nrl.navy.mil
RI Capaccioli, Simone/A-8503-2012
OI Capaccioli, Simone/0000-0003-4866-8918
NR 47
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD JUN 15
PY 2006
VL 110
IS 23
BP 11491
EP 11495
DI 10.1021/jp062356o
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 050QK
UT WOS:000238102800068
PM 16771424
ER

PT J
AU Seltzer, MD
   Lance, VA
   Elsey, RM
AF Seltzer, MD
   Lance, VA
   Elsey, RM
TI Laser ablation ICP-MS analysis of the radial distribution of lead in the
   femur of Alligator mississipiensis
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE laser ablation; ICP-MS; bone; lead; alligators
ID CROCODILES CROCODYLUS-POROSUS; AMERICAN ALLIGATORS; ELEMENT
   CONCENTRATIONS; MASS SPECTROMETRY; MISSISSIPPIENSIS; OSTEODERMS; BONE;
   LOUISIANA; JOHNSTONI; PATTERNS
AB A laser ablation ICP-MS technique has been used to examine the radial distribution of lead in transverse sections of alligator femur. Annual bone growth in the femur results in the deposition of incremental layers of calcified tissue at the periphery of existing bone. Patterns of lead concentration within these layers provide a record of time-dependent accumulation from which exposure history can potentially be deduced. Femur specimens obtained from captive-reared alligators exhibited levels of lead accumulation that were entirely consistent with previously documented clinical signs of lead intoxication. In contrast, femurs obtained from wild alligators contained only minor amounts of lead that were likely accumulated as a result of incidental exposure. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Chem & Mat Branch, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
   San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
RP Seltzer, MD (reprint author), USN, Air Warfare Ctr, Weapons Div, Chem & Mat Branch, Code 498230D,1900 N Know Rd,STOP 6303, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
EM michael.seltzer@navy.mil
NR 30
TC 8
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD JUN 15
PY 2006
VL 363
IS 1-3
BP 245
EP 252
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.05.024
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 058OQ
UT WOS:000238674700024
PM 15982720
ER

PT J
AU Foos, EE
   Wilkinson, J
   Makinen, AJ
   Watkins, NJ
   Kafafi, ZH
   Long, JP
AF Foos, EE
   Wilkinson, J
   Makinen, AJ
   Watkins, NJ
   Kafafi, ZH
   Long, JP
TI Synthesis and surface composition study of CdSe nanoclusters prepared
   using solvent systems containing primary, secondary, and tertiary amines
SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; CDTE NANOCRYSTALS; QUANTUM DOTS;
   LUMINESCENT; CLUSTERS; GROWTH
AB A series of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines have been examined as cosolvents with trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) for the synthesis of CdSe nanoclusters. Syntheses were conducted in 66 mol % hexadecylamine (HDA), dodecylamine (DDA), dioctylamine (DOA), or trioctylamine (TOA) in TOPO and the growth rates and size distributions of the resulting products compared with those obtained from the same reaction conducted in pure TOPO. DOA was found to advantageously slow the growth rate of the nanoclusters and produce material with a narrow size distribution and moderate fluorescence quantum yield. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) of the products has been used to quantify the ratio of TOPO to amine on the nanocluster surface and shows that the primary amines attain the highest packing densities. STM imaging of materials synthesized in the presence of HDA or DOA and then self-assembled on nonanedithiol SAMs shows improved surface stability for the DOA synthesized products.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Foos, EE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 26
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 2
U2 23
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0897-4756
J9 CHEM MATER
JI Chem. Mat.
PD JUN 13
PY 2006
VL 18
IS 12
BP 2886
EP 2894
DI 10.1021/cm052120h
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 049WM
UT WOS:000238048400016
ER

PT J
AU Wu, J
   Moscatelli, F
   Oh, E
AF Wu, J
   Moscatelli, F
   Oh, E
TI An off-axis rotating atom trap
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID GUIDING NEUTRAL ATOMS; BEAM SPLITTER; COLD ATOMS; INTERFEROMETER; CHIP
AB We present a novel configuration of a magneto-optical trap for cold atoms. The trap is very simple in design, employing only a small permanent magnet and an external Helmholtz bias coil. The trap's principal advantage is that the entire volume of the overlapping laser beams can be used for atom guiding and manipulation. An especially interesting effect is the rotation of the trapped atoms in circular motion as the permanent magnet is rotated. Clouds containing on the order of 2*10(6) atoms are rotated up to 60Hz forming a 5 mm diameter ring. This rotation can potentially be used in studying the behavior of cold atoms in 2-dimensional potential as well as applications for rotational sensors. We also present a classical theoretical model to simulate the experiment. (c) 2006 Optical Society of America.
C1 Interferometr Inc, Herndon, VA 20171 USA.
   Swarthmore Coll, Swarthmore, PA 19081 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Wu, J (reprint author), Interferometr Inc, 13454 Sunrise Valley Dr, Herndon, VA 20171 USA.
EM jinwei.wu@nrl.navy.mil; fmoscat1@swarthmore.edu; eun.oh@nrl.navy.mil
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JUN 12
PY 2006
VL 14
IS 12
BP 4969
EP 4977
DI 10.1364/OE.14.004969
PG 9
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 055GI
UT WOS:000238437800003
PM 19516656
ER

PT J
AU Dutton, Z
   Bashkansky, M
   Steiner, M
   Reintjes, J
AF Dutton, Zachary
   Bashkansky, Mark
   Steiner, Michael
   Reintjes, John
TI Analysis and optimization of channelization architecture for wideband
   slow light in atomic vapors
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRUE-TIME DELAY; GROUP-VELOCITY; GAS
AB We carry out an analysis of an earlier proposed "channelization" architecture for wideband slow light propagation and pulse delays in atomic vapors using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). In the channelization architecture, a wideband input signal pulse is spatially dispersed in the transverse dimension, sent through an EIT medium consisting of an initially spin-polarized atomic vapor illuminated by a monochromatic, co-propagating pump laser, then spatially recombined. An inhomogenous magnetic field is used to Zeeman shift the atomic vapor into two-photon ( Raman) resonance with the signal-pump transitions at all locations. Extending on previous analyses, we show in detail how the reconstructed pulse will be delayed only if a slight mis-match from the two-photon resonance is introduced. If the desired delay is taken as a constrained parameter, we find the bandwidth can be increased by large factor. We present an analytic treatment which optimizes the bandwidth given a desired delay and constraints on the pump power and focusing. We find bandwidth increases on the order of 5 times (100 MHz versus 20 MHz) should be possible for delays of interest (10 ns) to applications in telecommunications and radar. Interestingly, due to the mis- match requirement, we find the channelization can not increase the optimal delay- bandwidth product over conventional slow light. (c) 2006 Optical Society of America.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Dutton, Z (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM zachary.dutton@nrl.navy.mil
NR 26
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 5
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JUN 12
PY 2006
VL 14
IS 12
BP 4978
EP 4991
DI 10.1364/OE.14.004978
PG 14
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 055GI
UT WOS:000238437800004
PM 19516657
ER

PT J
AU Laming, JM
   Hwang, U
   Radics, B
   Lekli, G
   Takacs, E
AF Laming, J. Martin
   Hwang, Una
   Radics, Balint
   Lekli, Gergely
   Takacs, Endre
TI The polar regions of Cassiopeia A: The aftermath of a gamma-ray burst?
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE gamma rays : bursts; ISM : jets and outflows; supernova remnants;
   supernovae : individual (Cassiopeia A)
ID DIELECTRONIC RECOMBINATION DATA; FINITE-DENSITY PLASMAS; CORE-COLLAPSE
   SUPERNOVA; ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; EMISSION-LINES; MASSIVE STARS;
   NONLINEAR AMPLIFICATION; RELATIVISTIC JETS; RATE COEFFICIENTS; IB/C
   SUPERNOVAE
AB Are the polar regions of Cas A the aftermath of a gamma-ray burst? Probably not, but it is interesting nevertheless to investigate just how close Cas A might have come to generating such an event. Focusing on the northeast jet filaments, we analyze the polar regions of the recently acquired very deep 1 Ms Chandra X-ray observation. We infer that the so-called "jet" regions are indeed due to jets emanating from the explosion center and not due to polar cavities in the circumstellar medium at the time of explosion. We place limits on the equivalent isotropic explosion energy in the polar regions (around 2: 3; 1052 ergs) and the opening angle of the X-ray-emitting ejecta (around 7 degrees), which give a total energy in the northeast jet of the order of 1050 ergs, an order of magnitude or more lower than inferred for "typical" GRBs. While the Cas A progenitor and explosion exhibit many of the features associated with GRB hosts, e.g., extensive presupernova mass loss and rotation and jets associated with the explosion, we speculate that the recoil of the compact central object, with a velocity of 330 km s(-1), may have rendered the jet unstable. In such cases the jet rapidly becomes baryon loaded, if not truncated altogether. Although unlikely to have produced a gamma-ray burst, the jets in Cas A suggest that such outflows may be common features of core-collapse SNe.
C1 USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
   Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
   Univ Debrecen, Inst Expt Phys, H-4026 Debrecen, Hungary.
RP Laming, JM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Code 7674L, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM laming@nrl.navy.mil; hwang@orfeo.gsfc.nasa.gov
OI Radics, Balint/0000-0002-8978-1725
NR 87
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUN 10
PY 2006
VL 644
IS 1
BP 260
EP 273
DI 10.1086/503553
PN 1
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 053XK
UT WOS:000238339200022
ER

PT J
AU Gupta, S
   Bottcher, M
   Dermer, CD
AF Gupta, S
   Bottcher, M
   Dermer, CD
TI Time-dependent synchrotron and Compton spectra from jets of microquasars
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE gamma rays : theory; radiation mechanisms : nonthermal; stars : winds,
   outflows; X-rays : binaries
ID X-RAY BINARY; BLACK-HOLE CANDIDATES; RAPID APERIODIC VARIABILITY;
   ACCRETION DISK CORONAE; ENERGY GAMMA-RAYS; GRS 1915+105; XTE J1550-564;
   RADIO-EMISSION; LOW/HARD STATE; CYGNUS X-1
AB Jet models for the high-energy emission of Galactic X-ray binary sources have regained significant interest with detailed spectral and timing studies of the X-ray emission from microquasars, the recent detection by the HESS collaboration of very high energy gamma-rays from the microquasar LS 5039, and the earlier suggestion of jet models for ultraluminous X-ray sources observed in many nearby galaxies. Here we study the synchrotron and Compton signatures of time-dependent electron injection and acceleration, and adiabatic and radiative cooling in the jets of Galactic microquasars. Synchrotron, synchrotron self-Compton, and external Compton radiation processes with soft photons provided by the companion star and the accretion disk are treated. An analytical solution is introduced to the electron kinetic equation for general power-law geometries of the jets for Compton scattering in the Thomson regime. We pay particular attention to predictions concerning the rapid flux and spectral variability signatures expected in a variety of scenarios, making specific predictions concerning possible spectral hysteresis, similar to what has been observed in several TeV blazars. Such predictions should be testable with dedicated monitoring observations of Galactic microquasars and ultraluminous X-ray sources using Chandra and/or XMM-Newton.
C1 Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Inst Astrophys, Athens, OH 45701 USA.
   USN, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Gupta, S (reprint author), Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Inst Astrophys, Clippinger Hall 251B, Athens, OH 45701 USA.
NR 68
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUN 10
PY 2006
VL 644
IS 1
BP 409
EP 423
DI 10.1086/503552
PN 1
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 053XK
UT WOS:000238339200035
ER

PT J
AU Wang, YM
   Sheeley, NR
   Rouillard, AP
AF Wang, YM
   Sheeley, NR
   Rouillard, AP
TI Role of the Sun's nonaxisymmetric open flux in cosmic-ray modulation
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmic rays; interplanetary medium; solar-terrestrial relations; Sun :
   activity; Sun : coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun : magnetic fields
ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; HELIOSPHERIC MAGNETIC-FIELD; VOYAGER-2
   OBSERVATIONS; INTERACTION REGIONS; SOLAR MAXIMUM; INTERPLANETARY;
   EVOLUTION; SUPEREVENTS; ULYSSES; 0.3-AU
AB We reexamine the empirical relationship between the Sun's open magnetic flux and the cosmic-ray (CR) intensity over the solar cycle. The single parameter that correlates best with the inverted CR rate is found to be the non-axisymmetric or longitudinally varying component of the total open flux, rather than the sunspot number or the rate of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The nonaxisymmetric open flux in turn tracks the evolution of the Sun's equatorial dipole component, which is a function of both the strength and the longitudinal distribution of sunspot activity. Yearlong peaks in the equatorial dipole strength coincide with steplike decreases in the CR intensity and with the formation of global merged interaction regions (GMIRs) in the outer heliosphere. During these periods, nonaxisymmetric open flux ( in the form of low-latitude coronal holes) is created through the organized emergence of large active regions, resulting in the global injection of magnetic energy into the heliosphere. At the same time, strengthenings of the equatorial dipole are generally accompanied by large increases in the number of fast CMEs. Rotationally induced, compressional interactions between the nonaxisymmetric open flux, fast CMEs, and high-speed streams then give rise to outward-propagating diffusive barriers that extend over all longitudes and to a latitude (greater than or similar to 45 degrees) again determined by the equatorial dipole strength.
C1 USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
RP Wang, YM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Code 7672, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM ywang@yucca.nrl.navy.mil; sheeley@spruce.nrl.navy.mil;
   alexisrouillard@yahoo.co.uk
NR 31
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUN 10
PY 2006
VL 644
IS 1
BP 638
EP 645
DI 10.1086/503523
PN 1
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 053XK
UT WOS:000238339200059
ER

PT J
AU Hurford, GJ
   Krucker, S
   Lin, RP
   Schwartz, RA
   Share, GH
   Smith, DM
AF Hurford, G. J.
   Krucker, S.
   Lin, R. P.
   Schwartz, R. A.
   Share, G. H.
   Smith, D. M.
TI Gamma-ray imaging of the 2003 October/November solar flares
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE gamma rays : observations; Sun : flares; Sun : X-rays, gamma rays
ID RECONNECTING CURRENT SHEETS; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; ENERGY PARTITION;
   RHESSI; SPECTROSCOPY; EVENTS
AB We present RHESSI imaging of three flares (2003 October 28 and 29 and November 2) in the 2.223 MeV neutron-capture gamma-ray line with angular resolution as high as 35 ''. Comparisons of imaged and spatially integrated fluences show that in all cases most, if not all, of the emission was confined to compact sources with size scales of tens of arcseconds or smaller that are located within the flare active region. Thus, the gamma-ray-producing ions appear to be accelerated by the flare process and not by a widespread shock driven by a fast coronal mass ejection. The 28 October event yielded the first such image to show double-footpoint gamma-ray line sources. These footpoint sources straddled the flaring loop arcade but were displaced from the corresponding 0.2-0.3 MeV electron-bremsstrahlung emission footpoints by 14 '' and 17 '' +/- 5 ''. As with the previously studied 2002 July 23 event, this implies spatial differences in acceleration and/or propagation between the flare-accelerated ions and electrons.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
   Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
   NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, SSAI, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
   Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
   Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Hurford, GJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, 7 Gauss Way, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM ghurford@ssl.berkeley.edu; krucker@ssl.berkeley.edu;
   rlin@ssl.berkeley.edu; richard.schwartz@gsfc.nasa.gov;
   gerald.share@nrl.navy.mil; dsmith@scipp.ucsc.edu
NR 25
TC 73
Z9 73
U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUN 10
PY 2006
VL 644
IS 1
BP L93
EP L96
DI 10.1086/505329
PN 2
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 053XM
UT WOS:000238339400023
ER

PT J
AU Cooke, SJ
   Shtokhamer, R
   Mondelli, AA
   Levush, B
AF Cooke, SJ
   Shtokhamer, R
   Mondelli, AA
   Levush, B
TI A finite integration method for conformal, structured-grid,
   electromagnetic simulation
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE eigenvalue problems; finite element methods; finite integration
   technique
ID PERFECTLY MATCHED LAYER; DISCRETIZATION METHOD; NONORTHOGONAL GRIDS;
   MAXWELLS EQUATIONS; ABSORPTION; ALGORITHM; CAVITIES; ELEMENTS; FIELDS;
   WAVES
AB We describe a numerical scheme for solving Maxwell's equations in the frequency domain on a conformal, structured, non-orthogonal, multi-block mesh. By considering Maxwell's equations in a volume parameterized by dimensionless curvilinear coordinates, we obtain a set of tensor equations that are a continuum analogue of common circuit equations, and that separate the metrical and metric-free parts of Maxwell's equations and the material constitutive relations. We discretize these equations using a new formulation that treats the electric field and magnetic induction using simple basis-function representations to obtain a discrete form of Faraday's law of induction, but that uses finite integral representations for the displacement current and magnetic field to obtain a discrete form of Ampere's law, as in the finite integration technique [T. Weiland, A discretization method for the solution of Maxwell's equations for six-component fields, Electron. Commun. (AE U) 31 (1977) 116; T. Weiland, Time domain electromagnetic field computation with finite difference methods, Int. J. Numer. Model: Electron. Netw. Dev. Field 9 (1996) 295-319]. We thereby derive new projection operators for the discrete tensor material equations and obtain a compact numerical scheme for the discrete differential operators. This scheme is shown to exhibit significantly reduced numerical dispersion when compared to the standard linear finite element method. We take advantage of the mesh structure on a block-by-block basis to implement these numerical operators efficiently, and achieve computational speed with modest memory requirements when compared to explicit sparse matrix storage. Using the Jacobi-Davidson [G.L.G. Sleijpen, H.A. van der Vorst, A Jacobi-Davidson iteration method for linear eigenvalue problems, SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl. 17 (2) (1996) 401-425; S.J. Cooke, B. Levush, Eigent-node solution of 2-D and 3-D electromagnetic cavities containing absorbing materials using the Jacobi-Davidson algorithm, J. Comput. Phys. 157 (1) (2000) 350-370] and quasi-rninimal residual [R.W. Freund, N.M. Nachtigal, QMR: a quasi-minimal residual method for non-Hermitian linear systems, Numer. Math. 60 (1991) 315-339] iterative matrix solution algorithms, we solve the resulting discrete matrix eigenvalue equations and demonstrate the convergence characteristics of the algorithm. We validate the model for three-dimensional electromagnetic problems, both cavity eigenvalue solutions and a waveguide scattering matrix calculation. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   SAIC, Mclean, VA 22102 USA.
RP Cooke, SJ (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 6841,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM simon.cooke@nrl.navy.mil
RI Cooke, Simon/A-9530-2010
NR 28
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 13
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0021-9991
J9 J COMPUT PHYS
JI J. Comput. Phys.
PD JUN 10
PY 2006
VL 215
IS 1
BP 321
EP 347
DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2005.10.032
PG 27
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA 035LH
UT WOS:000237002000016
ER

PT J
AU Greilich, A
   Oulton, R
   Zhukov, EA
   Yugova, IA
   Yakovlev, DR
   Bayer, M
   Shabaev, A
   Efros, AL
   Merkulov, IA
   Stavarache, V
   Reuter, D
   Wieck, A
AF Greilich, A.
   Oulton, R.
   Zhukov, E. A.
   Yugova, I. A.
   Yakovlev, D. R.
   Bayer, M.
   Shabaev, A.
   Efros, Al. L.
   Merkulov, I. A.
   Stavarache, V.
   Reuter, D.
   Wieck, A.
TI Optical control of spin coherence in singly charged (In,Ga)As/GaAs
   quantum dots
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRON-SPIN
AB Electron spin coherence has been generated optically in n-type modulation doped (In,Ga)As/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) which contain on average a single electron per dot. The coherence arises from resonant excitation of the QDs by circularly polarized laser pulses, creating a coherent superposition of an electron and a trion. Time dependent Faraday rotation is used to probe the spin precession of the optically oriented electrons about a transverse magnetic field. The coherence generation can be controlled by pulse intensity, being most efficient for (2n+1)pi pulses.
C1 Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   RAS, AF Ioffe Physicotech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia.
   Ruhr Univ Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
   Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Phys, Moscow 119992, Russia.
   St Petersburg State Univ, Inst Phys, St Petersburg 198504, Russia.
   George Mason Univ, Sch Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RP Greilich, A (reprint author), Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
RI Greilich, Alex/A-8927-2009; Yugova, Irina/F-6823-2011; Wieck, Andreas
   Dirk/C-5129-2009
OI Yugova, Irina/0000-0003-0020-3679; Wieck, Andreas
   Dirk/0000-0001-9776-2922
NR 26
TC 148
Z9 148
U1 3
U2 21
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUN 9
PY 2006
VL 96
IS 22
AR 227401
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.227401
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 051LA
UT WOS:000238161400054
PM 16803342
ER

PT J
AU Kruppa, W
   Boos, JB
   Bennett, BR
   Papanicolaou, NA
   Park, D
   Bass, R
AF Kruppa, W.
   Boos, J. B.
   Bennett, B. R.
   Papanicolaou, N. A.
   Park, D.
   Bass, R.
TI InAs HEMT narrowband amplifier with ultra-low power dissipation
SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB The design, fabrication and performance of a prototype narrowband amplifier using InAs-channel HEMTs are reported. The amplifier, which is realised on an RT/Duroid circuit board with a combination of transmission lines and lumped components, is intended for a long-life battery-powered application. The two-stage amplifier has 20 dB of gain with a bandwidth of 4% in S-band and dissipates a total power of only 365 mu W.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Kruppa, W (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM kruppa@estd.nrl.navy.mil
RI Bennett, Brian/A-8850-2008
OI Bennett, Brian/0000-0002-2437-4213
NR 5
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 3
PU INSTITUTION ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET
PI HERTFORD
PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND
SN 0013-5194
J9 ELECTRON LETT
JI Electron. Lett.
PD JUN 8
PY 2006
VL 42
IS 12
BP 688
EP 690
DI 10.1049/el:20061107
PG 3
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 063PU
UT WOS:000239032800015
ER

PT J
AU Park, SY
   Chung, SY
   Yu, R
   Berger, PR
   Thompson, PE
AF Park, S. -Y.
   Chung, S. -Y.
   Yu, R.
   Berger, P. R.
   Thompson, P. E.
TI Low sidewall damage plasma etching using ICP-RIE with HBr chemistry of
   Si/SiGe resonant interband tunnel diodes
SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB The effect and influence of dry plasma etching processes of Si/SiGe using HBr for the formation of diode mesa structures has been investigated to minimise sidewall leakage current. To characterise sidewall damage electrically, Si-based resonant interband tunnel diodes (RITD) were processed and the completed RITDs compared by their peak-to-valley current ratio (PVCR) and valley current density (VCD), which are sensitive to defect related currents. Dry processed RITDs were compared to reference RITDs fabricated by wet chemical etching (HNO3:HF:H2O=100:1:100). The combination of HBr process gas and very low substrate bias power (10 W) for inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching (ICP-RIE) yielded the better results. The resulting RITDs processed by ICP-RIE using HBr chemistry show high PVCR of 4.02 with VCD of 32 A/cm(2) while wet etched RITDs show a PVCR of only 2.81 with VCD of40 A/cm(2). Hydrogen passivation during the HBr plasma process may play a role that overcomes the slightly higher surface roughness compared to wet etching.
C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
   Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Park, SY (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM pberger@ieee.org
RI Berger, Paul/I-4063-2014
OI Berger, Paul/0000-0002-2656-2349
NR 9
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 6
PU INSTITUTION ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET
PI HERTFORD
PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND
SN 0013-5194
J9 ELECTRON LETT
JI Electron. Lett.
PD JUN 8
PY 2006
VL 42
IS 12
BP 719
EP 721
DI 10.1049/el:20060323
PG 3
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 063PU
UT WOS:000239032800035
ER

PT J
AU Wolak, MA
   Melinger, JS
   Lane, PA
   Palilis, LC
   Landis, CA
   Anthony, JE
   Kafafi, ZH
AF Wolak, MA
   Melinger, JS
   Lane, PA
   Palilis, LC
   Landis, CA
   Anthony, JE
   Kafafi, ZH
TI Dynamics of energy transfer of a dioxolane-substituted pentacene
   dispersed in 4,4-Bis[N-1-naphthyl-N-phenylamino]biphenyl
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICES; ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICES; THIN-FILMS;
   EMISSION; DERIVATIVES; DIODES; LASERS; EXCITATION; TRANSPORT; LAYERS
AB We examine the steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence of guest-host films featuring a dioxolane-substituted pentacene derivative (2,2,10,10-tetraethyl-6,14-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)-1,3,9,11-tetraoxadicyclopenta[ b, m] pentacene, EtTP-5) dispersed in the hole transporting material (4,4-bis[N-1-naphthyl-N-phenylamino] biphenyl, alpha-NPD). The films show bright red emission (lambda(max) = 640 nm) as a result of efficient Forster energy transfer from alpha-NPD host molecules to EtTP-5 guest molecules. High absolute photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield (phi(PL) = 76% +/- 4%) and fluorescence lifetime ([tau] = 18.6 +/- 0.8 ns) were measured at low concentration (0.28 mol % EtTP-5), with moderate PL quenching observed upon increasing the EtTP-5 concentration. The concentrated films (>= 1.50 mol % EtTP-5) show less evidence of aggregation than previously seen when EtTP-5 was dispersed in tris(quinolin-8-olato) aluminum(III), making alpha-NPD a superior host for the red-emitting EtTP-5.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
RP Kafafi, ZH (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM Kafafi@nrl.navy.mil
OI Anthony, John/0000-0002-8972-1888
NR 32
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD JUN 8
PY 2006
VL 110
IS 22
BP 10606
EP 10611
DI 10.1021/jp052976+
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 048NO
UT WOS:000237954000005
PM 16771305
ER

PT J
AU Medintz, IL
   Sapsford, KE
   Clapp, AR
   Pons, T
   Higashiya, S
   Welch, JT
   Mattoussi, H
AF Medintz, IL
   Sapsford, KE
   Clapp, AR
   Pons, T
   Higashiya, S
   Welch, JT
   Mattoussi, H
TI Designer variable repeat length polypeptides as scaffolds for surface
   immobilization of quantum dots
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; FLUORESCENCE; PROTEIN; CDSE; NANOPARTICLES;
   NANOCRYSTALS; SENSOR; EXPRESSION; CHEMISTRY; DEVICES
AB We demonstrate the use of a series of engineered, variable-length de novo polypeptides to discretely immobilize luminescent semiconductor nanocrystals or quantum dots (QDs) onto functional surfaces. The polypeptides express N-terminal dicysteine and C-terminal hexahistidine residues that flank a variable number ( 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, 28, or 35) of core beta-strand repeats, with tyrosine, glutamic acid, histidine, and lysine residues located at the turns. Polypeptides have molecular weights ranging from 4 to 83 kDa and retain a rigid structure based on the antiparallel beta-sheet motif. We first use a series of dye-labeled polypeptides to test and characterize their self-assembly onto hydrophilic CdSe-ZnS QDs using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Results indicate that peptides maintain their beta-sheet conformation after self-assembly onto the QD surfaces, regardless of their length. We then immobilize biotinylated derivatives of these polypeptides on a NeutrAvidin-functionalized substrate and use them to capture QDs via specific interactions between the peptides' polyhistidine residues and the nanocrystal surface. We found that each of the polypeptides was able to efficiently capture QDs, with a clear correlation between the density of the surface-tethered peptide and the capacity for nanocrystal capture. The versatility of this capture strategy is highlighted by the creation of a variety of one- and two-dimensional polypeptide-QD structures as well as a self-assembled surface-immobilized FRET-based nutrient sensor.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   George Mason Univ, Manassas, VA USA.
   Johns Hopkins Univ, Chem & Biomol Engn Dept, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
   SUNY Albany, Dept Chem, Albany, NY 12222 USA.
RP Medintz, IL (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM Imedintz@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil; Hedimat@ccs.nrl.navy.mil
RI Pons, Thomas/A-8667-2008
OI Pons, Thomas/0000-0001-8800-4302
NR 44
TC 59
Z9 61
U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD JUN 8
PY 2006
VL 110
IS 22
BP 10683
EP 10690
DI 10.1021/jp060611z
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 048NO
UT WOS:000237954000014
PM 16771314
ER

PT J
AU Wu, F
   Chen, LG
   Wu, S
   Sun, FR
   Wu, C
AF Wu, Feng
   Chen, Lingen
   Wu, Shuang
   Sun, Fengrui
   Wu, Chih
TI Performance of an irreversible quantum Carnot engine with spin 1/2
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID HEAT-TRANSFER LAW; ENTROPY GENERATION MINIMIZATION; FINITE-TIME;
   THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS; WORKING FLUID; CYCLE; POWER; OPTIMIZATION;
   EFFICIENCY; SYSTEMS
AB The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of quantum properties of the working medium on the performance of an irreversible Carnot cycle with spin 1/2. The optimal relationship between the dimensionless power output P* versus the efficiency eta for the irreversible quantum Carnot engine with heat leakage and other irreversible losses is derived. Especially, the performances of the engine at low temperature limit and at high temperature limit are discussed. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Naval Univ Engn, Postgrad Sch, Wuhan 430033, Peoples R China.
   Wuhan Inst Technol, Sch Sci, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China.
   Wuhan Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Elect & Informat, Wuhan 430073, Peoples R China.
   USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Chen, LG (reprint author), Naval Univ Engn, Postgrad Sch, Wuhan 430033, Peoples R China.
EM lgchenna@yahoo.com
NR 57
TC 39
Z9 42
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JUN 7
PY 2006
VL 124
IS 21
AR 214702
DI 10.1063/1.2200693
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 059UW
UT WOS:000238758700035
PM 16774426
ER

PT J
AU Le Pichon, A
   Ceranna, L
   Garces, M
   Drob, D
   Millet, C
AF Le Pichon, A.
   Ceranna, L.
   Garces, M.
   Drob, D.
   Millet, C.
TI On using infrasound from interacting ocean swells for global continuous
   measurements of winds and temperature in the stratosphere
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID NATURAL INFRASOUND; UPPER-ATMOSPHERE; ART.; PROPAGATION; MIDDLE; WAVES;
   NOISE
AB Microbaroms are permanent infrasonic waves produced by interacting open ocean swells near low-pressure systems. Continuous infrasound monitoring over 5 years show that microbaroms are globally observed at several middle- and high-latitude infrasound stations that are part of the International Monitoring System (IMS). The arrival azimuths and amplitude of the signals exhibit clear seasonal trends driven primarily by the seasonal reversal of the zonal stratospheric wind. A scaling relation between the signal amplitude and the strength of the upper wind suggests that most of the microbarom energy propagates in the ground to stratosphere waveguide. We show that continuous microbarom measurements can help to evaluate global infrasound detection capabilities, providing new insights on quantitative relationships between infrasonic observables and atmospheric specifications.
C1 CEA, DASE, LDG, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France.
   Fed Inst Geosci & Nat Resources, D-30655 Hannover, Germany.
   Univ Hawaii Manoa, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, Honolulu, HI 96740 USA.
   USN, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Le Pichon, A (reprint author), CEA, DASE, LDG, BP12, F-91680 Bruyeres Le Chatel, France.
EM alexis.le-pichon@cea.fr
RI Drob, Douglas/G-4061-2014
OI Drob, Douglas/0000-0002-2045-7740
NR 27
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUN 7
PY 2006
VL 111
IS D11
AR D11106
DI 10.1029/2005JD006690
PG 7
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 052FY
UT WOS:000238219200009
ER

PT J
AU Saitoh, N
   Hayashida, S
   Sugita, T
   Nakajima, H
   Yokota, T
   Hayashi, M
   Shiraishi, K
   Kanzawa, H
   Ejiri, MK
   Irie, H
   Tanaka, T
   Terao, Y
   Bevilacqua, RM
   Randall, CE
   Thomason, LW
   Taha, G
   Kobayashi, H
   Sasano, Y
AF Saitoh, N.
   Hayashida, S.
   Sugita, T.
   Nakajima, H.
   Yokota, T.
   Hayashi, M.
   Shiraishi, K.
   Kanzawa, H.
   Ejiri, M. K.
   Irie, H.
   Tanaka, T.
   Terao, Y.
   Bevilacqua, R. M.
   Randall, C. E.
   Thomason, L. W.
   Taha, G.
   Kobayashi, H.
   Sasano, Y.
TI Intercomparison of ILAS-II version 1.4 aerosol extinction coefficient at
   780 nm with SAGE II, SAGE III, and POAM III
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID POLAR STRATOSPHERIC CLOUDS; LIMB ATMOSPHERIC SPECTROMETER; RETRIEVAL
   ALGORITHM; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; OZONE; VALIDATION; CLIMATOLOGY; SATELLITE;
   WINTER; INSTRUMENT
AB The Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer (ILAS)-II on board the Advanced Earth Observing Satellite (ADEOS)-II observed stratospheric aerosol in visible/near-infrared/infrared spectra over high latitudes in the Northern and Southern hemispheres, intermittently from January to March and continuously from April through October 2003. This study assesses the data quality of ILAS-II version 1.4 (V1.4) aerosol extinction coefficient at 780 nm. In the Northern Hemisphere (NH), aerosol extinction coefficient (AEC) from ILAS-II agreed with extinctions from SAGE II and SAGE III within +/- 10% and with extinction from POAM III within +/- 15% at heights below 20 km. From 20 to 26 km, ILAS-II AEC was smaller than extinctions from the other three sensors; differences between ILAS-II and SAGE II ranged from 10% at 20 km to 34% at 26 km in the NH. Over the Southern Hemisphere (SH), ILAS-II AEC from 20 to 25 km in February was 12-66% below SAGE II extinction. The difference increased with increasing altitude. Comparisons between ILAS-II and POAM III from January to May in the SH ("non-PSC season'') yielded qualitatively similar results. From June to October ("PSC season''), ILAS-II extinction was also smaller than POAM III extinction above 17 km; however, ILAS-II extinction agreed with POAM III extinction to within +/- 15% from 12 to 17 km during the PSC season. The comparisons indicate that in both hemispheres the ILAS-II V1.4 AEC is comparable to extinctions from other measurements below approximately 20 km and systematically low above approximately 20 km although the mean difference is as small as similar to 2x10(-5) km(-1) during the non-PSC season.
C1 Natl Inst Environm Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050053, Japan.
   Nara Womens Univ, Fac Sci, Nara 6308506, Japan.
   Fukuoka Univ, Fac Sci, Fukuoka 8140180, Japan.
   Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Environm Studies, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan.
   Utah State Univ, Ctr Atmospher & Space Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
   Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Frontier Res Ctr Global Change, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2360001, Japan.
   Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci & Technol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
   NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
   Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA.
   Cent Res Inst Elect Power Ind, Komae, Tokyo 2018511, Japan.
RP Saitoh, N (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Ctr Climate Syst Res, Gen Res Bldg,5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778568, Japan.
EM snaoko@ccsr.u-tokyo.ac.jp
RI Sasano, Yasuhiro/C-2927-2009; Terao, Yukio/A-2099-2008; Randall,
   Cora/L-8760-2014; 
OI Sasano, Yasuhiro/0000-0001-7470-5642; Terao, Yukio/0000-0003-2345-7073;
   Randall, Cora/0000-0002-4313-4397; Sugita, Takafumi/0000-0002-0508-7040
NR 40
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUN 7
PY 2006
VL 111
IS D11
AR D11S05
DI 10.1029/2005JD006315
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 052FY
UT WOS:000238219200003
ER

PT J
AU Peng, MS
   Fu, B
   Hogan, TF
   Li, T
AF Peng, Melinda S.
   Fu, Bing
   Hogan, Timothy F.
   Li, Tim
TI On African easterly waves that impacted two tropical cyclones in 2004
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ATLANTIC; DISTURBANCES
AB The U. S. Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System ( NOGAPS) daily analysis fields are used to study the African easterly waves to show how they impacted two tropical cyclones. Danielle and Earl ( 2004) formed approximately at the same time in the Atlantic. A three to eight day band-pass filter is applied to the daily global analysis fields to reveal the characteristics of the African easterly waves related to the two cyclones. The time-filtered 850 mb vorticity shows that African easterly waves reaching the formation locations of Danielle and Earl on and about 14 August 2004 bear similar structures, indicating a unique situation in which one train of the easterly wave is responsible for the genesis of two tropical cyclones located one-wavelength apart. In addition, using piecewise time-filtered analysis for different latitude bands, it is demonstrated that the movements of both cyclones are significantly modulated by the propagation of the easterly waves, even during Danielle's poleward movement for more than ten-degrees latitude.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
   Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Meteorol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
   Int Pacific Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA.
RP Peng, MS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM melinda.peng@nrlmry.navy.mil
RI Fu, Bing/E-7034-2013
NR 13
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUN 3
PY 2006
VL 33
IS 11
AR L11807
DI 10.1029/2006GL026038
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 050EF
UT WOS:000238069600005
ER

PT J
AU Lumpe, J
   Bevilacqua, R
   Randall, C
   Nedoluha, G
   Hoppel, K
   Russell, J
   Harvey, VL
   Schiller, C
   Sen, B
   Taha, G
   Toon, G
   Vomel, H
AF Lumpe, J.
   Bevilacqua, R.
   Randall, C.
   Nedoluha, G.
   Hoppel, K.
   Russell, J.
   Harvey, V. L.
   Schiller, C.
   Sen, B.
   Taha, G.
   Toon, G.
   Voemel, H.
TI Validation of Polar Ozone and Aerosol Measurement (POAM) III version 4
   stratospheric water vapor
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID HALOGEN OCCULTATION EXPERIMENT; POAM-III MEASUREMENTS; LOWERMOST
   STRATOSPHERE; UPPER TROPOSPHERE; SAGE-II; ART.; DEHYDRATION; HYGROMETER;
   AIRCRAFT; VORTEX
AB The Polar Ozone and Aerosol Measurement (POAM) III solar occultation instrument has been measuring water vapor at high latitudes since April 1998. Retrievals extend from 5 to 50 km, with 5-7% precision throughout the stratosphere and a vertical resolution of 1 (3) km in the lower (upper) stratosphere. Estimated systematic errors in the stratosphere are 10-15%. In this paper, we validate the POAM III version 4 stratospheric water vapor using correlative measurements from satellite, airborne, and balloon-borne platforms. The resulting comparisons show that POAM water vapor is high compared to correlative measurements in the middle to lower stratosphere. The satellite (Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) and Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) II) comparisons also indicate a sunrise/sunset bias in the POAM data, with sunset (Southern Hemisphere) retrievals larger than sunrise (Northern Hemisphere) retrievals by 5-10%. In the Northern Hemisphere, POAM is approximately 5-10% high compared to all validation data sets between 12 and 35 km. At higher altitudes this difference decreases, such that POAM agrees with HALOE at 40 km and is lower by 10% at 50 km. In the Southern Hemisphere, POAM is 15-25% higher than HALOE below 35 km, with differences decreasing to 10% by 50 km. Similar differences are seen with SAGE II. Despite these systematic differences the POAM water vapor data are self-consistent and show no long-term trends in accuracy or precision. Statistical comparisons of the water vapor variability measured by POAM, HALOE, and SAGE II show very good agreement. The POAM data are therefore valid for scientific studies, and the science community is encouraged to use this unique data set.
C1 Computat Phys Inc, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
   Hampton Univ, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Hampton, VA 23668 USA.
   Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Chem & Dynam Geosphare 1, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
   CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
   Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA.
   Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Lumpe, J (reprint author), Computat Phys Inc, 1650 38th St,Suite 105W, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
EM lumpe@cpi.com
RI Schiller, Cornelius/B-1004-2013; Randall, Cora/L-8760-2014
OI Randall, Cora/0000-0002-4313-4397
NR 31
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUN 2
PY 2006
VL 111
IS D11
AR D11301
DI 10.1029/2005JD006763
PG 24
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 050ES
UT WOS:000238070900007
ER

PT J
AU Deschamps, JR
   Charles, PT
   Kusterbeck, AW
AF Deschamps, JR
   Charles, PT
   Kusterbeck, AW
TI Pentaerythritol trinitrate succinate: a hapten for pentaerythritol
   tetranitrate
SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION E-STRUCTURE REPORTS ONLINE
LA English
DT Article
AB The title compound, C10H15N3O13, is a derivative of the energetic compound pentaerythritol tetra-nitrate (PETN). It is a hapten (a small molecule which can elicit an immune response only when coupled to a large carrier such as a protein) for PETN and was designed to be more stable and useful in immunochemistry.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Deschamps, JR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Struct Matter Lab, Code 6030, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM deschamps@nrl.navy.mil
OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 4
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1600-5368
J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR E
JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. E.-Struct Rep. Online
PD JUN
PY 2006
VL 62
BP O2446
EP O2448
DI 10.1107/S1600536806018411
PN 6
PG 3
WC Crystallography
SC Crystallography
GA 049EL
UT WOS:000237998600260
ER

PT J
AU Masterson, DM
AF Masterson, DM
TI Strangers in the ethnic homeland: Japanese Brazilian return migration in
   transnational perspective.
SO AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Masterson, DM (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOC
PI ARLINGTON
PA 2200 WILSON BLVD, STE 600, ARLINGTON, VA 22201 USA
SN 0002-7294
J9 AM ANTHROPOL
JI Am. Anthropol.
PD JUN
PY 2006
VL 108
IS 2
BP 397
EP 398
DI 10.1525/aa.2006.108.2.397
PG 2
WC Anthropology
SC Anthropology
GA 054LU
UT WOS:000238379200015
ER

PT J
AU Masterson, DM
AF Masterson, DM
TI The chrysanthemum and the song: Music, memory and identity in the South
   American Japanese diaspora.
SO AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Masterson, DM (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOC
PI ARLINGTON
PA 2200 WILSON BLVD, STE 600, ARLINGTON, VA 22201 USA
SN 0002-7294
J9 AM ANTHROPOL
JI Am. Anthropol.
PD JUN
PY 2006
VL 108
IS 2
BP 397
EP 398
DI 10.1525/aa.2006.108.2.397
PG 2
WC Anthropology
SC Anthropology
GA 054LU
UT WOS:000238379200014
ER

PT J
AU Haes, AJ
   Giordano, BC
   Collins, GE
AF Haes, AJ
   Giordano, BC
   Collins, GE
TI Aptamer-based detection and quantitative analysis of ricin using
   affinity probe capillary electrophoresis
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID N-GLYCOSIDASE ACTIVITY; A-CHAIN; FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; MOLECULES;
   IMMUNOASSAY; SEPARATION; RNA; QUANTIFICATION; ANTIBODIES; RIBOSOMES
AB The ability to detect sub-nanomolar concentrations of ricin using fluorescently tagged RNA aptamers is demonstrated. Aptamers rival the specificity of antibodies and have the power to simplify immunoassays using capillary electrophoresis. Under nonequilibrium conditions, a dissociation constant, K-d, of 134 nM has been monitored between the RNA aptamer and ricin A-chain. With use of this free-solution assay, the detection of 500 pM ( similar to 14 ng/mL) or 7.1 amol of ricin is demonstrated. The presence of interfering proteins such as bovine serum albumin and casein do not inhibit this interaction at sub-nanomolar concentrations. When spiked with RNAse A, ricin can still be detected down to 1 nM concentrations despite severe aptamer degradation. This approach offers a promising method for the rapid, selective, and sensitive detection of biowarfare agents.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Collins, GE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, 4555 Overlook Ave SW,Code 6112, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM greg.collins@nrl.navy.mil
FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI056047]
NR 36
TC 53
Z9 56
U1 1
U2 37
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD JUN 1
PY 2006
VL 78
IS 11
BP 3758
EP 3764
DI 10.1021/ac060021x
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 048HR
UT WOS:000237938700043
PM 16737234
ER

PT J
AU Chen, LG
   Zhu, XQ
   Sun, FR
   Wu, C
AF Chen, LG
   Zhu, XQ
   Sun, FR
   Wu, C
TI Effect of mixed heat-resistances on the optimal configuration and
   performance of a heat-engine cycle
SO APPLIED ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE heat engine; optimal configuration; finite heat-reservoir; optimal
   performance; power; efficiency
ID GENERALIZED CARNOT CYCLE; TRANSFER LAW; MAXIMUM POWER; FINITE-TIME;
   EFFICIENCY; WORK
AB The finite-time thermodynamic performance of a generalized Carnot-cycle, under the condition of mixed heat-resistances, is studied. The optimal configuration and the fundamental optimal relation between power and efficiency of the cycle are derived. The results provide some guidance for the design of practical engines. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Naval Univ Engn, Postgrad Sch, Wuhan 430033, Peoples R China.
   Jiangsu Tech Normal Coll, Changzhou 223001, Peoples R China.
   USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Chen, LG (reprint author), Naval Univ Engn, Postgrad Sch, Wuhan 430033, Peoples R China.
EM lgchenna@yahoo.com
NR 26
TC 20
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0306-2619
J9 APPL ENERG
JI Appl. Energy
PD JUN
PY 2006
VL 83
IS 6
BP 537
EP 544
DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2005.05.005
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 027PH
UT WOS:000236427000001
ER

PT J
AU Chen, LG
   Zhu, XQ
   Sun, FR
   Wu, C
AF Chen, LG
   Zhu, XQ
   Sun, FR
   Wu, C
TI Exergy-based ecological optimization of linear phenomenological
   heat-transfer law irreversible Carnot-engines
SO APPLIED ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE finite-time thermodynamics; linear phenomenological heat-transfer law;
   irreversible heat-engine; exergy-based ecological optimization
ID ENTROPY GENERATION MINIMIZATION; FINITE-TIME; PERFORMANCE; POWER;
   EFFICIENCY; PROPERTY
AB The optimal exergy-based ecological performance of a generalized irreversible Carnot-engine with losses due to heat-resistance, heat leakage and internal irreversibility, in which the heat-transfer between the working fluid and the heat reservoirs obeys a linear phenomenological heat-transfer law, is derived by taking an exergy-based ecological optimization criterion as the objective. This consists of maximizing a function representing the best compromise between the power output and entropy-production rate of the heat engine. A numerical example is given to show the effects of heat leakage and internal irreversibility on the optimal performance of the generalized irreversible heat-engine. The results provide theoretical guidance for the design of practical engines. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Naval Univ Engn, Postgrad Sch, Wuhan 430033, Peoples R China.
   Jiangsu Tech Normal Coll, Changzhou 223001, Peoples R China.
   USN Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Chen, LG (reprint author), Naval Univ Engn, Postgrad Sch, Wuhan 430033, Peoples R China.
EM lgchenna@yahoo.com
NR 29
TC 26
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0306-2619
J9 APPL ENERG
JI Appl. Energy
PD JUN
PY 2006
VL 83
IS 6
BP 573
EP 582
DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2005.05.004
PG 10
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 027PH
UT WOS:000236427000004
ER

PT J
AU Bondarenko, S
   Ovcharenko, A
   Shkuratov, Y
   Videen, G
   Eversole, J
   Hart, M
AF Bondarenko, Sergey
   Ovcharenko, Andrey
   Shkuratov, Yuriy
   Videen, Gorden
   Eversole, Jay
   Hart, Matthew
TI Light backscatter by surfaces composed of small spherical particles
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DISCRETE RANDOM MEDIUM; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; LAYER
AB We present measurements of phase angle curves of intensity and degree of linear polarization of powdery surfaces at two spectral bands centered near 0.44 and 0.63 mu m. Three powder samples consisting of nonabsorbing spherical particles of sizes comparable with the wavelengths 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mu m were examined. The particulate surfaces were measured in the phase angle range of 0.2 degrees -50 degrees by two different photometers and/or polarimeters. At small phase angles, powdery samples consisting of spherical particles (having very high albedo that resulted in significant multiple scattering) showed prominent features that corresponded to single-particle scattering. These features became more prominent after compressing the surfaces when we changed the packing density of the powders from 0.29 to 0.48. Noticeable differences were observed between polarimetric curves corresponding to different wavelengths. All the samples demonstrated prominent opposition intensity spikes at phase angles < 2 likely caused by the coherent backscatter enhancement due to multiple scattering within the particulate surface. The intensity phase curves at these two wavelengths were similar. The photopolarimetric measurements may have broad applications to the interpretation of photometry, spectroscopy, and polarimetry of the ice regoliths of high albedo satellites. (c) 2006 Optical Society of America.
C1 Kharkov Natl Univ, Inst Astron, UA-61022 Kharkov, Ukraine.
   USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, CI EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA.
   Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Bondarenko, S (reprint author), Kharkov Natl Univ, Inst Astron, 35 Sumskaya St, UA-61022 Kharkov, Ukraine.
EM gvideen@arl.army.mil
NR 16
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 5
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD JUN 1
PY 2006
VL 45
IS 16
BP 3871
EP 3877
DI 10.1364/AO.45.003871
PG 7
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 047EY
UT WOS:000237863800030
PM 16724152
ER

PT J
AU Sesar, B
   Svilkovic, D
   Ivezic, Z
   Lupton, RH
   Munn, JA
   Finkbeiner, D
   Steinhardt, W
   Siverd, R
   Johnston, DE
   Knapp, GR
   Gunn, JE
   Rockosi, CM
   Schlegel, D
   Vanden Berk, DE
   Hall, P
   Schneider, DP
   Brunner, RJ
AF Sesar, Branimir
   Svilkovic, Domjan
   Ivezic, Zeljko
   Lupton, Robert H.
   Munn, Jeffrey A.
   Finkbeiner, Douglas
   Steinhardt, William
   Siverd, Rob
   Johnston, David E.
   Knapp, Gillian R.
   Gunn, James E.
   Rockosi, Constance M.
   Schlegel, David
   Vanden Berk, Daniel E.
   Hall, Pat
   Schneider, Donald P.
   Brunner, Robert J.
TI Variable faint optical sources discovered by comparing the POSS and SDSS
   catalogs
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxy : halo; galaxy : stellar content; quasars : general; stars :
   variables : other
ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SURVEY COMMISSIONING DATA; SYNOPTIC SURVEY
   TELESCOPE; SURVEY PHOTOMETRIC SYSTEM; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DATA
   RELEASE; ALL-SKY; QUASAR VARIABILITY; STELLAR OBJECTS; MILKY-WAY
AB We present a study of variable faint optical sources discovered by comparing the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and the Palomar Observatory Sky Survey (POSS) catalogs. We use SDSS measurements to photometrically recalibrate several publicly available POSS catalogs (USNO-A2.0, USNO-B1.0, DPOSS [the Digitized Second Palomar Observatory Sky Survey], and GSC2.2 [the Guide Star Catalog 2.2]). A piecewise recalibration of the POSS data in 100 arcmin(2) patches (one SDSS field) generally results in an improvement of photometric accuracy (rms) by nearly a factor of 2, compared to the original data. In addition to the smaller core width of the error distribution, the tails of the distribution become much steeper after the recalibration. These improvements are mostly due to the very dense grid of calibration stars provided by SDSS, which rectifies the intrinsic inhomogeneities of Schmidt plates. We find that the POSS I magnitudes can be improved to similar to 0.15 mag accuracy, and POSS II magnitudes to similar to 0.10 mag accuracy. The smallest final errors are obtained with the GSC2.2 catalog, for which they approach 0.07 mag at the bright end. We use the recalibrated catalogs for the similar to 3300 deg(2) of sky in the SDSS Data Release 2 to construct a catalog of similar to 60,000 sources that are variable on timescales of 10-50 yr, and make it publicly available. Using this catalog, we find that at least 1% of faint optical sources appear variable at the > 0.25 mag level, and that about 20% of the variable population are quasars, although they represent only 0.6% of all point sources in the adopted flux-limited sample (g < 19). A series of statistical tests based on the morphology of SDSS color-magnitude and color-color diagrams, as well as visual comparison of images and comparison with repeated SDSS observations, demonstrate the robustness of the selection methods: three out of four candidate variable sources are correctly recognized to vary. We also demonstrate that candidate RR Lyrae stars trace the same halo structures, such as the Sgr dwarf tidal stream, that were discovered using repeated SDSS observations. We utilize the POSS-SDSS selected candidates to constrain the halo structure in the parts of sky for which repeated SDSS observations do not exist. We quantify the distribution of variable sources in the SDSS color-color diagrams and the variability characteristics of quasars. The observed long-term quasar variability ( structure function) is smaller than predicted by the extrapolation of the power law measured for short timescales using repeated SDSS imaging (0.35 vs. 0.60 mag for SDSS-POSS I and 0.24 vs. 0.35 mag for SDSS-POSS II, rms). This turnover in structure function suggests that the characteristic timescale for quasar variability is on the order of 1 yr in the rest frame.
C1 Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
   Univ Zagreb, Dept Phys, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
   Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
   USN Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA.
   Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
   Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santiago 22, Chile.
   Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
   Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
   Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Sesar, B (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
NR 59
TC 40
Z9 40
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-6256
EI 1538-3881
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD JUN
PY 2006
VL 131
IS 6
BP 2801
EP 2825
DI 10.1086/503672
PG 25
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 051QT
UT WOS:000238176400005
ER

PT J
AU Clarke, TE
   Ensslin, TA
AF Clarke, TE
   Ensslin, TA
TI Deep 1.4 GHz very large array observations of the radio halo and relic
   in abell 2256
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : clusters : individual (abell 2256); magnetic fields;
   radiation mechanisms : nonthermal; shock waves
ID X-RAY-CLUSTER; SCALE STRUCTURE FORMATION; GALAXY CLUSTERS;
   MAGNETIC-FIELDS; MERGING CLUSTERS; COMA CLUSTER; SHOCK-WAVES; SKY
   SURVEY; CHANDRA OBSERVATION; POLARIZED EMISSION
AB We present deep Very Large Array observations of the merging galaxy cluster A2256. This cluster is known to possess diffuse steep-spectrum radio relic emission in the peripheral regions. Our new observations provide the first detailed image of the central diffuse radio halo emission in this cluster. The radio halo extends over more than 800 kpc in the cluster core, while the relic emission covers a region of similar to 1125 kpc; 520 kpc. A spectral index map of the radio relic shows a spectral steepening from the northwest toward the southeast edge of the emission, with an average spectral index between 1369 and 1703 MHz of alpha = -1.2 across the relic. Polarization maps reveal high fractional polarization of up to 45% in the relic region with an average polarization of 20% across the relic region. The observed Faraday rotation measure is consistent with the Galactic estimate, and the dispersion in the rotation measure is small, suggesting that there is very little contribution to the rotation measure of the relic from the intracluster medium. We use these Faraday properties of the relic to argue that it is located on the front side of the cluster.
C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Interferometr Inc, Herndon, VA 20171 USA.
   Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany.
RP Clarke, TE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Code 7213,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 80
TC 83
Z9 83
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD JUN
PY 2006
VL 131
IS 6
BP 2900
EP 2912
DI 10.1086/504076
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 051QT
UT WOS:000238176400011
ER

PT J
AU Dermer, CD
   Bottcher, M
AF Dermer, CD
   Bottcher, M
TI Gamma rays from Compton scattering in the jets of microquasars:
   Application to LS 5039
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE gamma rays : theory; radiation mechanisms : nonthermal
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SOURCE 2CG 135+01; X-RAY; AMBIENT RADIATION;
   MASS MICROQUASARS; RELATIVISTIC JET; NUMERICAL-MODEL; BLACK-HOLE;
   EMISSION; BLAZARS
AB Recent High Energy Stereoscopic System (HESS) observations show that microquasars in high-mass systems are sources of very high energy gamma-rays. A leptonic jet model for microquasar gamma-ray emission is developed. Using the head-on approximation for the Compton cross section and taking into account angular effects from the star's orbital motion, we derive expressions to calculate the spectrum of gamma-rayswhen nonthermal jet electrons Compton scatter photons of the stellar radiation field. The spectrum of Compton scattered accretion disk radiation is also derived by approximating the accretion disk as a point source of radiation located behind the jet. Numerical results are compared with simpler expressions obtained using delta-function approximations for the cross sections, from which beaming factors are derived. Calculations are presented for power-law distributions of nonthermal electrons that are assumed to be isotropically distributed in the comoving jet frame and applied to gamma-ray observations of LS 5039. We conclude that (1) the TeV emission measured with HESS cannot result only from Compton scattered stellar radiation (CSSR), but could be synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) emission or a combination of CSSR and SSC; and (2) fitting both the HESS data and the EGRET data claimed to be associated with LS 5039 requires a very improbable leptonic model with a very hard electron energy distribution. Because the gamma-rays would be variable in a leptonic jet model, the data sets are unlikely to be representative of a simultaneously measured gamma-ray spectrum. We therefore attribute EGRET gamma-rays primarily to CSSR emission and HESS gamma-rays to SSC emission. Detection of periodic modulation of the TeV emission from LS 5039 would favor a leptonic SSC or cascade hadron origin of the emission in the inner jet, whereas stochastic variability alone would support a more extended leptonic model. The puzzle of the EGRET gamma-rays from LS 5039 will be quickly solved with GLAST.
C1 USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Inst Astrophys, Athens, OH 45701 USA.
RP Dermer, CD (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Code 7653, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
NR 58
TC 47
Z9 47
U1 2
U2 11
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUN 1
PY 2006
VL 643
IS 2
BP 1081
EP 1097
DI 10.1086/502966
PN 1
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 053XF
UT WOS:000238338700040
ER

PT J
AU Shaposhnikov, N
   Titarchuk, L
AF Shaposhnikov, N
   Titarchuk, L
TI Comprehensive analysis of RXTE data from Cygnus X-1: Spectral
   index-quasi-periodic oscillation frequency-luminosity correlations
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion, accretion disks; black hole physics; radiation mechanisms :
   nonthermal; stars : individual (Cygnus X-1)
ID X-RAY BINARIES; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS;
   LONG-TERM VARIABILITY; BLACK-HOLE CANDIDATES; NEUTRON-STAR BINARIES;
   ALPHA EMISSION-LINE; BROAD-BAND SPECTRUM; ACCRETION DISKS; POWER-LAW
AB We present timing and spectral analysis of similar to 2.3 Ms of Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) archival data from Cyg X-1. Using a generic Comptonization model we reveal that the spectrum of Cyg X-1 consists of three components: a thermal seed photon spectrum, a Comptonized part of the seed photon spectrum, and the iron line. We find a strong correlation between the 0.1-20 Hz frequencies of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) and the spectral index. The presence of two spectral phases (states) is clearly seen in the data when the spectral indices saturate at low and high values of QPO frequencies. This saturation effect was discovered earlier in a number of black hole candidate (BHC) sources, and now we strongly confirm this phenomenon in Cyg X-1. In the soft state this index - QPO frequency correlation shows a saturation of the photon index Gamma similar to 2.1 at high values of the low frequency nu(L). The saturation level of Gamma similar to 2.1 is the lowest value found yet in BHCs. The bolometric luminosity does not show clear correlation with the index. We also show that Fe K alpha emission line strength (equivalent width [EW]) correlates with the QPO frequency. The EW increases from 200 eV in the low/hard state to 1.5 keV in the high/soft state. The observational correlations revealed compel us to propose a scenario for the spectral transition and iron line formation that occur in BHC sources. We also present the spectral state (power-law index) evolution for 8 yr of Cyg X-1 observations by RXTE.
C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Univ Space Res Assoc, Explorat Universe Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
   George Mason Univ, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Shaposhnikov, N (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Univ Space Res Assoc, Explorat Universe Div, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM nikolai@milkyway.gsfc.nasa.gov; lev@milkyway.gsfc.nasa.gov
NR 65
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUN 1
PY 2006
VL 643
IS 2
BP 1098
EP 1113
DI 10.1086/503272
PN 1
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 053XF
UT WOS:000238338700041
ER

PT J
AU Ugarte-Urra, I
   Winebarger, AR
   Warren, HP
AF Ugarte-Urra, I
   Winebarger, AR
   Warren, HP
TI An investigation into the variability of heating in a solar active
   region
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun : corona
ID X-RAY TELESCOPE; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET OBSERVATIONS; TRANSITION-REGION;
   CORONAL LOOPS; TRANSIENT BRIGHTENINGS; TEMPERATURE STRUCTURE; PLASMA
   DIAGNOSTICS; TRACE; EXPLORER; YOHKOH
AB Previous studies have indicated that both steady and impulsive heating mechanisms play a role in active region heating. In this paper, we present a study of 20 hours of soft X-ray and EUV observations of solar active region NOAA AR 8731. We examine the evolution of six representative loop structures that brighten and fade first from X-ray images and subsequently from the EUV images. We determine their lifetime and the delay between their appearance in the different filters. We find that the lifetime in the EUV filters is much longer than expected for a single cooling loop. We also notice that the delay in the loops' appearance in the X-ray and EUV filters is proportional to the loop length. We model one of the loops using a hydrodynamic model with both impulsive and quasi-steady heating functions and find that neither of these simple heating functions can well reproduce the observed loop characteristics in both the X-ray and EUV images. Hence, although this active region is dominated by variable emission and the characteristics of the observed loops are qualitatively consistent with a cooling loop, the timescale of the heating in this active region remains unknown.
C1 USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
   George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RP Ugarte-Urra, I (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, EO Hulburt Ctr Space Res, Code 7670, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM iugarte@ssd5.nrl.navy.mil; winebarger@physics.aamu.edu;
   hwarren@nrl.navy.mil
RI Ugarte-Urra, Ignacio/B-1241-2009; 
OI Ugarte-Urra, Ignacio/0000-0001-5503-0491
NR 43
TC 41
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUN 1
PY 2006
VL 643
IS 2
BP 1245
EP 1257
PN 1
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 053XF
UT WOS:000238338700055
ER

PT J
AU Landi, E
   Feldman, U
   Doschek, GA
AF Landi, E
   Feldman, U
   Doschek, GA
TI Plasma diagnostics of the large-scale corona with SUMER. I. Measurements
   at the west limb
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE atomic data; plasmas; Sun : corona
ID R-CIRCLE-DOT; QUIET-SUN; SOLAR-WIND; ION TEMPERATURES; ATOMIC DATABASE;
   EMISSION-LINES; POLAR PLUMES; SI-VIII; SOHO; REGIONS
AB In the present work we analyze the physical properties of the quiet-Sun plasma measured in a 0.5 x 1.8 R-. region above the west solar limb (R-. = solar radius). We make use of large scans obtained with the SUMER spectrometer on board SOHO to construct two-dimensional spatial maps of line intensities, electron temperature, emission measure, element abundances, line widths and nonthermal velocities, and photoexcitation effects covering the entire field of view. Electron densities were measured in a more limited portion of the field of view. The aim of the paper is to identify tracers of coronal hole and quiet-Sun plasma at high altitudes that allow us to measure the position of the coronal hole/quiet-Sun boundaries, and to provide a comprehensive, empirical picture of the off-limb solar corona that can provide theoreticians with experimental constraints to their models of the large-scale coronal structure, coronal heating, and solar wind acceleration.
C1 Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA.
   USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Landi, E (reprint author), Artep Inc, 2922 Excelsior Springs Court, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA.
RI Landi, Enrico/H-4493-2011
NR 35
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUN 1
PY 2006
VL 643
IS 2
BP 1258
EP 1270
DI 10.1086/503247
PN 1
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 053XF
UT WOS:000238338700056
ER

EF