FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Rubinstein, M Tritt, TM Synder, JE AF Rubinstein, M Tritt, TM Synder, JE TI Transport and magnetism in La2/3Ca1/3(Mn1-xCox)O-3 and La2/3Ca1/3(Mn1-xNix)O-3 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 15 PY 1997 VL 81 IS 8 BP 4974 EP 4974 DI 10.1063/1.364929 PN 2B PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WV537 UT WOS:A1997WV53700086 ER PT J AU Koon, NC AF Koon, NC TI Simple full micromagnetic model of exchange bias behavior in ferro/antiferromagnetic layered structures SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 15 PY 1997 VL 81 IS 8 BP 4982 EP 4982 DI 10.1063/1.364978 PN 2B PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WV537 UT WOS:A1997WV53700091 ER PT J AU Harris, VG Liou, M Das, BN Browning, VM Snyder, JE Rubinstein, M Lawrence, SH Littleton, R Pappas, DP AF Harris, VG Liou, M Das, BN Browning, VM Snyder, JE Rubinstein, M Lawrence, SH Littleton, R Pappas, DP TI Structure and magnetism of multiphase Sm0.080Co0.645Fe0.276 powders SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY NOV 12-15, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Inst Phys ID ND-FE-B; ALLOYS AB A Sm-poor mixture of Fe-substituted Sm2Co17, having the nominal stoichiometry of Sm0.080Co0.645Fe0.276, was ball-milled to explore the possibility of enhancing its remanence through direct microstructural refinement. With milling, the Sm-2(Co0.7Fe0.3)(17) compound disassociates to a body-centered-cubic supersaturated SmCoFe solid solution and a residual SmCoFe amorphous phase. Correspondingly, the coercive field values first increase, peaking at 0.83 kOe after 180 min of milling, then decrease with continued milling to <0.1 kOe after 1200 min. The remanence, as M-r/M-s, is measured to track closely the coercive field behavior, experiencing modest increases to 0.26 after just 120 min of milling. Magnetization values are found to increase first with the dissociation of the 2:17 phase, and again with the ejection of Sm from the bcc component. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV,RICHMOND,VA 23284. RP Harris, VG (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Harris, Vincent/A-8337-2009 NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 15 PY 1997 VL 81 IS 8 BP 5121 EP 5123 DI 10.1063/1.365142 PN 2B PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WV537 UT WOS:A1997WV53700147 ER PT J AU Restorff, JB WunFogle, M Cheng, SF AF Restorff, JB WunFogle, M Cheng, SF TI Magnetic viscosity effects in the giant magnetoresistance of NiO/permalloy/Cu/permalloy exchange-biased films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY NOV 12-15, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Inst Phys AB We have examined the effects of magnetic viscosity (magnetic aftereffect) on the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) of NiO/Permalloy(45 Angstrom)/Cu(45 Angstrom)/Permalloy(45 Angstrom) exchange-biased spin-valve structures grown by direct current (de) magnetron sputtering on Si substrates. One of the samples had a 6 Angstrom Co layer on both sides of the Cu layer. GMR is a sensitive indicator of magnetic viscosity effects since any time dependence in the magnetization reversal of one of the layers is reflected directly in the GMR. Two different types of GMR measurements were made over the temperature range of -30 degrees C to 50 degrees C. The maximum time for the resistance to stabilize to 1 part in 10(4) ranged from about 70 to 200 s for both samples at the temperatures studied. The time dependency of the GMR was well described by C + S ln t, where S and C are constants; S is called the coefficient of magnetic viscosity. This equation characterizes the classic time dependent behavior of the magnetization. The maximum magnitude of S was found to decrease as the temperature was increased. RP Restorff, JB (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CARDEROCK DIV,CODE 684,9500 MACARTHUR BLVD,BETHESDA,MD 20817, USA. NR 7 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 15 PY 1997 VL 81 IS 8 BP 5218 EP 5220 DI 10.1063/1.364472 PN 2B PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WV537 UT WOS:A1997WV53700187 ER PT J AU Gutierrez, CJ Selestino, R Mayanovic, RA Prinz, GA AF Gutierrez, CJ Selestino, R Mayanovic, RA Prinz, GA TI Evidence for ''loose spins'' in epitaxial Al/Fe/Al SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY NOV 12-15, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Inst Phys ID FE/AL/FE(001) MAGNETIC TRILAYERS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; EXCHANGE; FE AB Polarization-dependent Fe K-edge x-ray absorption fine structure measurements of an Al/Fe/Al(001) trilayer reveal a small tetragonal distortion of the Fe sites with c = 2.863 Angstrom (normal to the film plane) and a = 2.874 Angstrom (in the film plane). This tetragonal distortion is consistent with the formation of Fe1-xAlx alloys in the vicinity of the roughened Fe-Al trilayer interfaces, and agrees with grazing incidence x-ray reflectivity and magnetometry measurements of the trilayer. The deduced alloyed/roughened interfacial regions are the likely source of Fe ''loose spins'' as recently suggested by Slonczewki's biquadratic coupling model for the epitaxial Fe/Al/Fe system. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 SW MISSOURI STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,SPRINGFIELD,MO 65804. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Gutierrez, CJ (reprint author), SW TEXAS STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SAN MARCOS,TX 78666, USA. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 15 PY 1997 VL 81 IS 8 BP 5352 EP 5354 DI 10.1063/1.364543 PN 2B PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WV537 UT WOS:A1997WV53700243 ER PT J AU Cullen, JR Hathaway, KB Clark, AE AF Cullen, JR Hathaway, KB Clark, AE TI Critical behavior of cubic magnetostrictive materials under stress SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY NOV 12-15, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Inst Phys ID POTTS-MODEL; MAGNETIZATION; ANISOTROPY AB Critical points and lines in magnetic field space define the boundaries of different magnetization states between which the magnetization may ''jump,'' leading to hysteresis. We calculate the changes in these boundaries due to magnetoelastic coupling to applied stresses, and obtain the critical stresses required to eliminate jumping in specific cases. These results may provide a way of reducing or eliminating hysteresis in large magnetostriction materials. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. CLARK ASSOCIATES,ADELPHI,MD 20783. NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 15 PY 1997 VL 81 IS 8 BP 5417 EP 5419 DI 10.1063/1.364557 PN 2B PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WV537 UT WOS:A1997WV53700265 ER PT J AU Su, Q Teter, JP Wen, Y Cullen, JR Wuttig, M AF Su, Q Teter, JP Wen, Y Cullen, JR Wuttig, M TI Magnetic anisotropy in terfenol-D thin films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT MAT & NUCL ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,MAGNETISM GRP,CARDEROCK DIV,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT MAT & NUCL ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 15 PY 1997 VL 81 IS 8 BP 5424 EP 5424 DI 10.1063/1.364559 PN 2B PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WV537 UT WOS:A1997WV53700268 ER PT J AU Crowell, PA Nikitin, V Awschalom, DD Flack, F Samarth, N Prinz, GA AF Crowell, PA Nikitin, V Awschalom, DD Flack, F Samarth, N Prinz, GA TI Magneto-optical spin spectroscopy in hybrid ferromagnetic semiconductor heterostructure SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY NOV 12-15, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Inst Phys ID ELECTRONS AB We report on magneto-optical measurements of diluted magnetic semiconductor quantum well structures in which an iron film is epitaxially grown and subsequently patterned on top of the heterostructure. The magnetic field due to the iron penetrates the quantum well near the edges of the patterned regions. Photoluminescence, Hanle effect, and time-resolved Faraday rotation measurements demonstrate that the films can be processed without significantly altering the electronic properties of the quantum well. The smallest length scale probed in these far-field optical measurements is of order 10 mu m, so that no effects of the local magnetic fields at the film edges are observed for structures with 50-nm-thick ferromagnetic layers. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Crowell, PA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT PHYS,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106, USA. RI Samarth, Nitin/C-4475-2014 OI Samarth, Nitin/0000-0003-2599-346X NR 10 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 15 PY 1997 VL 81 IS 8 BP 5441 EP 5443 DI 10.1063/1.364564 PN 2B PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WV537 UT WOS:A1997WV53700275 ER PT J AU Byers, JM AF Byers, JM TI Anderson localization in doped manganates due to magnetic and structural disorder SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 15 PY 1997 VL 81 IS 8 BP 5504 EP 5504 DI 10.1063/1.364582 PN 2B PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WV537 UT WOS:A1997WV53700300 ER PT J AU Mar, DJ Carroll, TL Pecora, LM Rachford, FJ AF Mar, DJ Carroll, TL Pecora, LM Rachford, FJ TI Dynamic control of instability thresholds in yttrium-iron-garnet SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY NOV 12-15, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Inst Phys ID FILMS; CHAOS AB Yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) is an important material used in microwave limiters and other devices. In this work, we use dual microwave (1-4 GHz) drives to study the behavior of magnetostatic and spin-wave modes in YIG spheres and rectangular films. The samples are placed in a de magnetic field and driven by cw and pulse-modulated microwave excitations at magnetostatic mode frequencies. A second microwave drive applied to the sample excites additional spin-wave modes that can interact with those arising from the original excitation and thereby affect the transmission characteristics at the primary frequency. For both films and spheres, we observe a significant decrease in transmission of the primary when the secondary frequency is tuned to approximately half that of the primary drive. This decrease is observed both in the steady state behavior and in the initial overshoot transient associated with pulse modulation of the primary excitation. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. RP Mar, DJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,MAT PHYS BRANCH,CODE 6340,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. OI Carroll, Thomas/0000-0002-2371-2049 NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 15 PY 1997 VL 81 IS 8 BP 5734 EP 5736 DI 10.1063/1.364652 PN 2B PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WV537 UT WOS:A1997WV53700389 ER PT J AU Braun, W Bayer, M Forchel, A Zull, H Reithmaier, JP Filin, AI Walck, SN Reinecke, TL AF Braun, W Bayer, M Forchel, A Zull, H Reithmaier, JP Filin, AI Walck, SN Reinecke, TL TI Excitonic wave packets in In0.135Ga0.865As/GaAs quantum wires SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID BINDING-ENERGY; WELLS; BEATS; GAAS; MAGNETOEXCITONS; DYNAMICS; SPECTRA; LASERS; GAIN; HOLE AB We have investigated the coherent dynamics of excitonic wave packets in In0.135Ga0.865As/GaAs quantum wires with lateral widths between 29 and 85 nm by means of time-integrated degenerate four-wave mixing. In the decay of the coherent polarization, we observe periodic modulations, which we ascribe to quantum beats between the ground state and the first excited state of the heavy-hole exciton In the quantum wires. The period of these beats decreases with decreasing wire width, indicating an increase of the exciton binding energy due to lateral quantization. The experimentally observed binding energy rises from 8.7 meV for the two-dimensional reference, up to 11.7 meV for the 29-nm-wide quantum wires. Detailed calculations of the exciton binding energy for these structures are in agreement with the experimental data. C1 INST SOLID STATE PHYS,CHERNOGOLOVKA 142432,RUSSIA. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Braun, W (reprint author), UNIV WURZBURG,HUBLAND,D-97074 WURZBURG,GERMANY. RI Reithmaier, Johann/G-8171-2012 OI Reithmaier, Johann/0000-0002-1974-8292 NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR 15 PY 1997 VL 55 IS 15 BP 9290 EP 9293 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.55.9290 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WV251 UT WOS:A1997WV25100025 ER PT J AU Beadie, G Rabinovich, WS Katzer, DS Goldenberg, M AF Beadie, G Rabinovich, WS Katzer, DS Goldenberg, M TI Inhomogeneous broadening of intersubband transitions in In0.45Ga0.55As/Al0.45Ga0.55As multiple quantum wells SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MU-M; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; OPTICAL-TRANSITIONS; INGAAS BUFFER; LINE-SHAPE; ABSORPTION; LASER; SPECTROSCOPY; RELAXATION; GAAS AB The contributions of homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening mechanisms to the linewidth of an intersubband transition in an In0.45Ga0.55As/Al0.45Ga0.55As multiple quantum well are determined by line-shape fitting and saturation intensity spectroscopy. An intersubband transition at 327 meV is found with a total linewidth of 36 meV and an underlying homogeneous linewidth of 14 meV. The sizes of various sources of inhomogeneous broadening are estimated and the implications for intersubband nonlinear optics are discussed. C1 SFA INC, LARGO, MD 20774 USA. RP USN, RES LAB, CODE 5642, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RI Katzer, D. Scott/N-7841-2013 NR 47 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR 15 PY 1997 VL 55 IS 15 BP 9731 EP 9739 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.55.9731 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WV251 UT WOS:A1997WV25100093 ER PT J AU Hofmann, DM Oettinger, K Efros, AL Meyer, BK AF Hofmann, DM Oettinger, K Efros, AL Meyer, BK TI Magnetic-circular-dichroism study of heavy- and light-hole g factors in InxGa1-xAs/InP quantum wells SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONS AB Intersubband transitions in InxGa1-xAs/InP quantum wells have been studied by magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) of the absorption. The g values of the heavy and light holes in the different subbands are deduced from the intensity dependence of the MCD signals on the applied magnetic field: g(hhI)* = -0.68+/-0.1, g(hh2)* = -1.81+/-0.4, and g(Ih1)* = 8.87+/-1.2. These results are in good agreement with effective-mass-theory calculations and allow one to estimate the in-plane effective masses of the second heavy-hole (m(hh2)* = 0.85m(0)) and the first light-hole (m(1h1)* = 0.17m(0)) subbands. An observed increase of the half-width of the subband transitions with increasing transition energy and increasing magnetic field is qualitatively explained by statistical fluctuations of the quantum-well width. C1 USN, RES LAB, NANOSTRUCT OPT SECT, WASHINGTON, DC 20357 USA. RP Hofmann, DM (reprint author), TECH UNIV MUNICH, DEPT PHYS E16, D-85747 GARCHING, GERMANY. RI Meyer, Bernhard/Q-9413-2016 NR 15 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR 15 PY 1997 VL 55 IS 15 BP 9924 EP 9928 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.55.9924 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WV251 UT WOS:A1997WV25100118 ER PT J AU McDaniel, EB Hsu, JWP Goldner, LS Tonucci, RJ Shirley, EL Bryant, GW AF McDaniel, EB Hsu, JWP Goldner, LS Tonucci, RJ Shirley, EL Bryant, GW TI Local characterization of transmission properties of a two-dimensional photonic crystal SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCANNING OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; BAND-STRUCTURE; WAVE-GUIDES; ARRAY AB We use a near-field scanning optical microscope to study optical transmission through a two-dimensional triangular photonic crystal. Spatial variations in the intensity of Light coupled through the sample depend on the photon energy and the numerical aperture of the collection optics. We discuss the relationship between the observed dependence and the local structure of the optical modes in the crystal. Features in the data arising from modes with Fourier components inside and outside the first Brillouin zone can be distinguished by this technique. C1 UNIV VIRGINIA,DEPT PHYS,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22901. NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 22 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR 15 PY 1997 VL 55 IS 16 BP 10878 EP 10882 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.55.10878 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WW803 UT WOS:A1997WW80300096 ER PT J AU Kral, MV Spanos, G AF Kral, MV Spanos, G TI Three dimensional morphology of cementite precipitates SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID SYMPATHETIC NUCLEATION; GROWTH; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; ALLOTRIOMORPHS; INTERDIFFUSION; KINETICS; PLATES; ALLOYS RP Kral, MV (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,PHYS MET BRANCH,CODE 6324,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Kral, Milo/C-2904-2009 NR 31 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD APR 15 PY 1997 VL 36 IS 8 BP 875 EP 882 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(96)00498-8 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA WQ460 UT WOS:A1997WQ46000006 ER PT J AU Carlos, WE Nakamura, S AF Carlos, WE Nakamura, S TI Paramagnetic resonance in GaN-based single quantum wells SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; DETECTED MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SPIN-DEPENDENT RECOMBINATION; N-TYPE GAN; BLUE; ELECTROLUMINESCENCE; JUNCTION; DEFECTS; GROWTH; CELLS AB We report electrically-detected magnetic resonance (EDMR) and electroluminescence-detected magnetic resonance (ELDMR) results on InGaN/AlCaN single-quantum-well light emitting diodes. The dominant feature detected by either technique is a broad resonance (Delta B approximate to 13 mT) at g approximate to 2.01 due to a deep defect. Depending on bias, this defect results in either an increase or a decrease in electroluminescence at resonance while the EDMR gives a current enhancement at resonance. Based on a comparison of signal intensities for the two measurements, we conclude that this defect is present in at least two locations: (1) a nonradiative recombination path, in parallel with the radiative recombination path, and (2) a recombination channel in the depletion region of one of the contacts. A second resonance with g approximate to 1.99 and Delta B approximate to 7 mT is very similar to the deep donor trap, previously observed in double heterostructure diodes, and produces a decrease in both the current and electroluminescence at resonance. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 NICHIA CHEM IND LTD,TOKUSHIMA 774,JAPAN. RP Carlos, WE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 14 PY 1997 VL 70 IS 15 BP 2019 EP 2021 DI 10.1063/1.118778 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WT573 UT WOS:A1997WT57300034 ER PT J AU Moriarty, RM Tao, AP Condeiu, C Gilardi, R AF Moriarty, RM Tao, AP Condeiu, C Gilardi, R TI Diphenyl methylphosphonate as a phosphonylation reagent with high diastereoselectivity at phosphorus SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ESTERS; TRANSESTERIFICATION; CATALYSIS; ANTIBODY; ANALOGS; ROUTE; ACID AB Reaction of diphenyl methylphosphonate with lithium alkoxides generated in situ from alcohols and butyllithium gives phenyl alkyl methylphosphonate diesters even with hindered alcohols and with high diastereoselectivity at phosphorus. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USN,RES LAB,STRUCT MATTER LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Moriarty, RM (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT CHEM,POB 4348,CHICAGO,IL 60607, USA. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0040-4039 J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT JI Tetrahedron Lett. PD APR 14 PY 1997 VL 38 IS 15 BP 2597 EP 2600 DI 10.1016/S0040-4039(97)00423-1 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA WT464 UT WOS:A1997WT46400005 ER PT J AU Venezky, DL AF Venezky, DL TI An international perspective on globalization and immigration SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,SURFACE CHEM BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 2 EP COMSC PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP188 UT WOS:A1997WP18800082 ER PT J AU Powell, HK Saaski, EW McCrae, DA AF Powell, HK Saaski, EW McCrae, DA TI Advanced flow immunoassay techniques. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 RES INT INC,WOODINVILLE,WA 98072. USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 8 EP SCHB PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP187 UT WOS:A1997WP18703729 ER PT J AU Colton, RJ Koleske, DD Barger, WR Feldman, K Krueger, D AF Colton, RJ Koleske, DD Barger, WR Feldman, K Krueger, D TI Scanning probe microscopy of mixed chain-length phase-segregated Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 10 EP COLL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP185 UT WOS:A1997WP18502253 ER PT J AU Mushrush, GW Speight, JG AF Mushrush, GW Speight, JG TI Petroleum products and stability. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 GEORGE MASON UNIV,FAIRFAX,VA 22030. USN,RES LAB,FUELS SECT,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. WESTERN RES INST,LARAMIE,WY 82070. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 14 EP PETR PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP187 UT WOS:A1997WP18702118 ER PT J AU Efros, AL AF Efros, AL TI Optical spectroscopy of nanosize semiconductor crystals SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,NANOSTRUCT OPT SECT,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 15 EP COLL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP185 UT WOS:A1997WP18502258 ER PT J AU Martin, BD Turner, DC Gaber, BP AF Martin, BD Turner, DC Gaber, BP TI Antibody micropatterning using a sugar-based hydrogel ''stamp''. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 23 EP BTEC PN 3 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP188 UT WOS:A1997WP18800024 ER PT J AU Max, MD Pellenbarg, RE AF Max, MD Pellenbarg, RE TI Clathrate-based fuel storage and transport media: Potential impact. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 24 EP FUEL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP185 UT WOS:A1997WP18503311 ER PT J AU Bedford, DAD Kwan, J Weber, WP Bedford, C AF Bedford, DAD Kwan, J Weber, WP Bedford, C TI Redefining information access: Toward a new topology of scientific and technical information. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV SO CALIF,UNIV LIB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089. UNIV SO CALIF,DEPT CHEM,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089. US DEPT NAVY,NAVAL AIR WARFARE CTR,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 39 EP CINF PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP185 UT WOS:A1997WP18502117 ER PT J AU Ligler, FS Charles, PT Bart, JC Gauger, PR Kusterbeck, AW AF Ligler, FS Charles, PT Bart, JC Gauger, PR Kusterbeck, AW TI Environment monitoring with the flow immunosensor. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 39 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP185 UT WOS:A1997WP18500230 ER PT J AU Conrad, D Golightley, SK Bart, JC Davis, AV AF Conrad, D Golightley, SK Bart, JC Davis, AV TI Photoactivatable silanes for the site-specific immobilization of antibodies SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. GEOCENTERS INC,FT WASHINGTON,MD 20744. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 43 EP BIOT PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP185 UT WOS:A1997WP18500638 ER PT J AU Urban, JJ AF Urban, JJ TI Electrostatic potentials as teaching tools in undergraduate organic chemistry. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 45 EP COMP PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP185 UT WOS:A1997WP18502677 ER PT J AU Goodwin, MB Vu, AD Bullock, S Ervin, A Gatenholm, P Wynne, KJ AF Goodwin, MB Vu, AD Bullock, S Ervin, A Gatenholm, P Wynne, KJ TI Toward minimally adhesive polymer surfaces. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,MAT CHEM BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. USN,RES LAB,CHEM DYNAM BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. USN,RES LAB,DIAGNOST BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. GEORGE MASON UNIV,DEPT CHEM,FAIRFAX,VA 22030. CHALMERS UNIV TECHNOL,DEPT POLYMER TECHNOL,S-41296 GOTHENBURG,SWEDEN. OFF NAVAL RES,PHYS SCI S&T DIV 331,ARLINGTON,VA 22217. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 53 EP PMSE PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP187 UT WOS:A1997WP18703369 ER PT J AU Lacy, WB Kim, MS Gaber, BP Turner, DC AF Lacy, WB Kim, MS Gaber, BP Turner, DC TI Detection of antibody-antigen interactions with lateral force microscopy. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 58 EP ANYL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP185 UT WOS:A1997WP18500414 ER PT J AU Harris, JA AF Harris, JA TI The effects of third-body molecules on the tribology of diamond SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 61 EP COLL PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP185 UT WOS:A1997WP18502303 ER PT J AU McClean, RE Campbell, ML Kolsch, EJ AF McClean, RE Campbell, ML Kolsch, EJ TI Depletion kinetics of niobium atoms in the gas phase. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 73 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP187 UT WOS:A1997WP18702330 ER PT J AU Campbell, ML Hooper, KL AF Campbell, ML Hooper, KL TI Kinetic study of the reaction of Ta(a(4)F(3/2)) with O-2, CO2, N2O, NO and SO2 from 298 to 573 K. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 75 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP187 UT WOS:A1997WP18702332 ER PT J AU Southan, GJ George, C Keefer, LK AF Southan, GJ George, C Keefer, LK TI Identification of nitric oxide donors from the nitrosation of hydroxyguanidines. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NCI,FREDERICK CANC RES & DEV CTR,COMPARAT CARCINOGENESIS LAB,FREDERICK,MD 21702. NCI,FREDERICK CANC RES & DEV CTR,IRSP,SAIC,FREDERICK,MD 21702. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 86 EP MEDI PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP187 UT WOS:A1997WP18701111 ER PT J AU Warren, RW Dunlap, BI AF Warren, RW Dunlap, BI TI Ozone to oxygen: First principles dynamics of reactive molecular collisions. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 88 EP COMP PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP185 UT WOS:A1997WP18502720 ER PT J AU Ji, Q Muggli, M Wang, F Ward, TC Burnsa, G Sorathiab, U McGrath, JE AF Ji, Q Muggli, M Wang, F Ward, TC Burnsa, G Sorathiab, U McGrath, JE TI Synthesis and characterization of modified segmented polyurethanes displaying improved fire resistance. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. NSF SCI & TECHNOL CTR,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. DOW CORNING CORP,MIDLAND,MI 48486. USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 120 EP POLY PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP187 UT WOS:A1997WP18702857 ER PT J AU Ferrante, RF AF Ferrante, RF TI Low temperature spectroscopy for crystallization diagnostics SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 141 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP187 UT WOS:A1997WP18702400 ER PT J AU Engel, GE Pickett, WE AF Engel, GE Pickett, WE TI Strong but manageable nonlocality in density functional theory: Local mass approximation. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 154 EP COMP PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP185 UT WOS:A1997WP18502786 ER PT J AU Rappoli, BJ Shahgholi, M Callahan, J Rowley, DA AF Rappoli, BJ Shahgholi, M Callahan, J Rowley, DA TI Metal complex speciation of copper(II) with oligosaccharides. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20052. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 158 EP ENVR PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP185 UT WOS:A1997WP18503188 ER PT J AU Morgan, RJ Donovan, RJ George, C Jasinski, JP AF Morgan, RJ Donovan, RJ George, C Jasinski, JP TI Structure and bonding in imidazolium cations: NMR and single crystal X-ray studies SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LONG ISL UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BROOKLYN,NY 11201. USN,RES LAB,STRUCT MATTER LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. KEENE STATE COLL,KEENE,NH 03431. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 176 EP ORGN PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP187 UT WOS:A1997WP18701621 ER PT J AU Famini, GR Lowrey, AH Loumbev, VP Tosk, JM Wilson, LY AF Famini, GR Lowrey, AH Loumbev, VP Tosk, JM Wilson, LY TI Using theoretical, descriptors in quantitative structure activity relationships: Drug-melanin binding SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 EDGEWOOD RES DEV & ENGN CTR,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 20100. USN,RES LAB,LAB STRUCT & MATTER,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. LA SIERRA UNIV,DEPT BIOL,RIVERSIDE,CA 92515. LA SIERRA UNIV,DEPT CHEM,RIVERSIDE,CA 92515. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 179 EP COMP PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP185 UT WOS:A1997WP18502811 ER PT J AU Urban, JJ vonTersch, RL AF Urban, JJ vonTersch, RL TI A computational study of the fluoro substituent effects on fluoromethylphenoxides SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 191 EP COMP PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP185 UT WOS:A1997WP18502823 ER PT J AU vonTersch, RL Urban, JJ AF vonTersch, RL Urban, JJ TI Computational analyses of 4-aminopyridine and its analogues SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 192 EP COMP PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP185 UT WOS:A1997WP18502824 ER PT J AU Ligler, FS Ives, JT Whelan, JP King, KD Liss, H Hardgrove, J Czarnoski, J Cuttno, D Soohoo, J Stenger, DA ShriverLake, LC Anderson, GP AF Ligler, FS Ives, JT Whelan, JP King, KD Liss, H Hardgrove, J Czarnoski, J Cuttno, D Soohoo, J Stenger, DA ShriverLake, LC Anderson, GP TI Automated operation of a portable fiber optic immunosensor. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RI Anderson, George/D-2461-2011 OI Anderson, George/0000-0001-7545-9893 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 208 EP ANYL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP185 UT WOS:A1997WP18500563 ER PT J AU Dunlap, BI AF Dunlap, BI TI Quantum chemical dynamics SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,THEORET CHEM SECT,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 278 EP COMP PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP185 UT WOS:A1997WP18502910 ER PT J AU Kafafi, ZH Fatemi, DJ Murata, H Merritt, CD AF Kafafi, ZH Fatemi, DJ Murata, H Merritt, CD TI Doping of the charge transport layer with highly luminescent molecules. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RI Murata, Hideyuki/J-8453-2012 OI Murata, Hideyuki/0000-0001-8248-9652 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 279 EP POLY PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP187 UT WOS:A1997WP18703016 ER PT J AU Rolison, DR Swider, KE Merzbacher, CI Hagans, PL AF Rolison, DR Swider, KE Merzbacher, CI Hagans, PL TI Synthesis of ruthenium dioxide titanium dioxide aerogels: Effect of networked nanoscale domains on electrical and electrocatalytic properties. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 282 EP COLL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP185 UT WOS:A1997WP18502523 ER PT J AU Petrie, MA Christe, KO Wilson, WW Michels, HH Bottaro, JC Gilardi, R Bau, R AF Petrie, MA Christe, KO Wilson, WW Michels, HH Bottaro, JC Gilardi, R Bau, R TI The dinitramide, O2N-N-NO2- and nitrocyanamide, O2N-N-CN- anions SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 HUGHES STX,PHILLIPS LAB,EDWARDS AFB,CA 93535. UNITED TECHNOL RES CTR,E HARTFORD,CT 06108. SRI INT,MENLO PK,CA 94025. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. UNIV SO CALIF,LOKER HYDROCARBON RES INST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089. RI Christe, Karl/O-4885-2014 OI Christe, Karl/0000-0003-0661-5519 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 312 EP INOR PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP187 UT WOS:A1997WP18700476 ER PT J AU Arias, EM Putnam, MD Boss, PA Boss, RD Anderson, AA George, RD AF Arias, EM Putnam, MD Boss, PA Boss, RD Anderson, AA George, RD TI Synthesis of perfluorinated acrylate and methacrylate fouling-release polymers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RDT&E DIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 348 EP POLY PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP187 UT WOS:A1997WP18703085 ER PT J AU Perry, MD Harrison, JA AF Perry, MD Harrison, JA TI Friction between diamond surfaces in the presence of small, third-body molecules. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 354 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP187 UT WOS:A1997WP18702610 ER PT J AU Zarras, P StengerSmith, JD Miles, MH AF Zarras, P StengerSmith, JD Miles, MH TI Corrosion inhibition of aluminum alloys coated with poly(2,5-bis(N-methyl-N-alkylamino) phenylene vinylenes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,WEAPONS DIV,RES & TECHNOL GRP,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 354 EP PMSE PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP187 UT WOS:A1997WP18703670 ER PT J AU Guzelian, AA Berry, AD Tonucci, RJ AF Guzelian, AA Berry, AD Tonucci, RJ TI Nanocrystalline semiconductors in nanochannel glass arrays. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 355 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP187 UT WOS:A1997WP18702611 ER PT J AU Houser, EJ Keller, TM AF Houser, EJ Keller, TM TI The synthesis and thermal properties of linear ferrocenylene-silylene/siloxyl-diacetylene polymers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,MAT CHEM BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 357 EP PMSE PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP187 UT WOS:A1997WP18703673 ER PT J AU Spector, M Selinger, J Schnur, JM AF Spector, M Selinger, J Schnur, JM TI Experimental evidence of chiral interactions in the formation of lipid tubules. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 367 EP COLL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP185 UT WOS:A1997WP18502607 ER PT J AU Kurihara, LK Chow, GM Schoen, PE AF Kurihara, LK Chow, GM Schoen, PE TI Fabrication of nanocrystalline ceramic powders using a sol-gel derived approach. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 372 EP COLL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP185 UT WOS:A1997WP18502612 ER PT J AU Nazeri, A Myers, S AF Nazeri, A Myers, S TI Microstructural control of organic-inorganic hybrids through processing. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,ENVIRONM EFFECTS BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,WEAP DIV,CHINA LAKE,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 379 EP COLL PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP185 UT WOS:A1997WP18502619 ER PT J AU Fitzgerald, JP Holloway, CM AF Fitzgerald, JP Holloway, CM TI Recent advances in tetraazaporphyrin synthesis. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21401. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 408 EP INOR PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP187 UT WOS:A1997WP18700573 ER PT J AU Altmann, KL Merwin, LH AF Altmann, KL Merwin, LH TI Solid state C-13 NMR investigations of perfluorooctyl acrylate methyl acrylate copolymers blends. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,WARFARE CTR,WEAPONS DIV,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555. USN COMMAND,CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RTD & E DIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 410 EP POLY PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP187 UT WOS:A1997WP18703147 ER PT J AU Hooper, KL Campbell, ML AF Hooper, KL Campbell, ML TI Reaction kinetics of Sc(D-2(3/2)) with O-2, CO2, NO and SO2. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 519 EP CHED PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP185 UT WOS:A1997WP18501665 ER PT J AU Kolsch, EJ Campbell, ML AF Kolsch, EJ Campbell, ML TI Reaction kinetics of Sc, V, Cr, Co, and Ni with N2O. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 520 EP CHED PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP185 UT WOS:A1997WP18501666 ER PT J AU Roberts, MJ Lindsay, GA Wynne, KJ Hollins, RA Zarras, P StengerSmith, JD Nadler, M Chafin, AP AF Roberts, MJ Lindsay, GA Wynne, KJ Hollins, RA Zarras, P StengerSmith, JD Nadler, M Chafin, AP TI Nonlinear optical films from pairwise-deposited semi-ionomeric syndioregic polymers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,WEAPONS DIV,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555. OFF NAVAL RES,ARLINGTON,VA 22217. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 13 PY 1997 VL 213 BP 553 EP POLY PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WP187 UT WOS:A1997WP18703289 ER PT J AU Liu, YC Liu, YH Elly, C Yoshida, H Lipkowitz, S Altman, A AF Liu, YC Liu, YH Elly, C Yoshida, H Lipkowitz, S Altman, A TI Serine phosphorylation of Cbl induced by phorbol ester enhances its association with 14-3-3 proteins in T cells via a novel serine-rich 14-3-3-binding motif SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID C-CBL; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASE; V-CBL; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; PROTOONCOGENE PRODUCT; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; JURKAT CELLS; SH3 DOMAIN; 14-3-3-PROTEINS AB Stimulation of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR)-CD3 complex induces rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of Cbl, a protooncogene product which has been implicated in intracellular signaling pathways via its interaction with several signaling molecules. We found recently that Cbl associates directly with a member of the 14-3-3 protein family (14-3-3 tau) in T cells and that the association is increased as a consequence of anti CD3-mediated T cell activation. We report here that phorbol la myristate 13-acetate stimulation of T cells also enhanced the interaction between Cbl and two 14-3-3 isoforms (tau and zeta). Tyrosine phosphorylation of Cbl was not sufficient or required for this increased interaction. Thus, cotransfection of COS cells with Cbl plus Lck and/or Syk family protein-tyrosine kinases caused a marked increase in the phosphotyrosine content of Cbl without a concomitant enhancement of its association with 14-3-3. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate stimulation induced serine phosphorylation of Cbl, and dephosphorylation of immunoprecipitated Cbl by a Ser/Thr phosphatase disrupted its interaction with 14-3-3. By using successive carboxyl-terminal deletion mutants of Cbl, the 14-3-3-binding domain was mapped to a serine-rich 30-amino acid region (residues 615-644) of Cbl. Mutation of serine residues in this region further defined a binding motif distinct from the consensus sequence RSXSXP, which was recently identified as a 14-3-3-binding motif. These results suggest that TCR stimulation induces both tyrosine and serine phosphorylation of Cbl. These phosphorylation events allow Cbl to recruit distinct signaling elements that participate in TCR-mediated signal transduction pathways. C1 LA JOLLA INST ALLERGY & IMMUNOL, DIV CELL BIOL, SAN DIEGO, CA 92121 USA. INST CYTOSIGNAL RES INC, TOKYO 140, JAPAN. NCI, USN, MED ONCOL BRANCH, NATL NAVAL MED CTR, BETHESDA, MD 20889 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA35299]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM50819] NR 46 TC 121 Z9 125 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 EI 1083-351X J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD APR 11 PY 1997 VL 272 IS 15 BP 9979 EP 9985 DI 10.1074/jbc.272.15.9979 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA WU039 UT WOS:A1997WU03900057 PM 9092538 ER PT J AU Carroll, RG Riley, JL Levine, BL Feng, Y Kaushal, S Ritchey, DW Bernstein, W Weislow, OS Brown, CR Berger, EA June, CH StLouis, DC AF Carroll, RG Riley, JL Levine, BL Feng, Y Kaushal, S Ritchey, DW Bernstein, W Weislow, OS Brown, CR Berger, EA June, CH StLouis, DC TI Differential regulation of HIV-1 fusion cofactor expression by CD28 costimulation of CD4(+) T cells SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; MOLECULAR-CLONING; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; CROSS-LINKING; HUMAN HOMOLOG; NPY BINDING; ACTIVATION; RECEPTOR; GENE; RESPONSES AB Activation of CD4(+) T lymphocytes from human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1)-infected donors with immobilized antibodies to CD3 and CD28 induces a virus-resistant state. This effect is specific for macrophage-tropic HIV-I, Transcripts encoding CXCR4/Fusin, the fusion cofactor used by T cell line-tropic isolates, were abundant in CD3/CD28-stimulated cells, but transcripts encoding CCR5, the fusion cofactor used by macrophage-tropic viruses, were not detectable. Thus, CD3/CD28 costimulation induces an HIV-1-resistant phenotype similar to that seen in some highly exposed and HIV-uninfected individuals. C1 HENRY M JACKSON FDN ADVANCEMENT MIL MED,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. USN,MED RES INST,IMMUNE CELL BIOL PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV RETROVIROL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. NIAID,VIRAL DIS LAB,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20889. SRA TECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. NIAID,INFECT DIS LAB,NIH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. RI Levine, Bruce/D-1688-2009 NR 51 TC 160 Z9 161 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD APR 11 PY 1997 VL 276 IS 5310 BP 273 EP 276 DI 10.1126/science.276.5310.273 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA WT925 UT WOS:A1997WT92500051 PM 9092480 ER PT J AU Diener, P Frolov, VP Khokhlov, AM Novikov, ID Pethick, CJ AF Diener, P Frolov, VP Khokhlov, AM Novikov, ID Pethick, CJ TI Relativistic tidal interaction of stars with a rotating black hole SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE black hole physics; celestial mechanics, stellar dynamics; galaxies, nuclei; hydrodynamics; relativity ID ENCOUNTERS; CAPTURE AB The tidal interaction of n = 1.5 poly-tropic stars with a massive rotating black hole is studied numerically. The general relativistic tidal potential for the Kerr metric is used to evaluate tidal forces exerted on a star. The hydrodynamic response of a star to these forces is treated in the Newtonian approximation using a three-dimensional, Eulerian, PPM hydrodynamical code. We compute the energy, Delta E, and angular momentum, Delta L, transferred into a star and the mass, Delta M, lost by the star during the interaction. The quantities Delta E, Delta L, and Delta M depend on the stellar orbit, stellar structure, and the black hole's mass and angular momentum in a complicated way. We show that the dependence can be factorized by introducing a single dimensionless parameter (C) over cap proportional to the integral of the square of the trace of the tidal tensor along the stellar trajectory. The energy and angular momentum transfer, and the mass loss as functions of (C) over cap are found in hydrodynamical simulations. Analytical approximations to Delta E((C) over cap) and Delta M((C) over cap) are constructed. The value of (C) over cap does not depend on the stellar structure. It is a universal function on the parameters of the orbit and can tabulated once and for ah. Tables of (C) double under bar are presented. The results of this paper allow one to easily determine the outcome of tidal interaction for every possible combination of the input parameters. We find that the final energy of a star or a stellar remnant (if mass is lost) and its internal angular momentum as well depend most strongly on the angle between the initial orbital angular momentum and the angular momentum of the black hole. C1 THEORET ASTROPHYS CTR,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN O,DENMARK. UNIV ALBERTA,INST THEORET PHYS,EDMONTON,AB T6G 2J1,CANADA. PN LEBEDEV PHYS INST,MOSCOW 117924,RUSSIA. USN,RES LAB,COMPUTAT PHYS & FLUID DYNAM LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. PN LEBEDEV PHYS INST,CTR ASTRO SPACE,MOSCOW 118710,RUSSIA. NORDITA,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN O,DENMARK. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,URBANA,IL 61801. RP Diener, P (reprint author), COPENHAGEN UNIV OBSERV,JULIANE MARIES VEJ 30,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN O,DENMARK. RI Novikov, Igor/N-5098-2015 NR 17 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 10 PY 1997 VL 479 IS 1 BP 164 EP 178 DI 10.1086/303875 PN 1 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WR660 UT WOS:A1997WR66000014 ER PT J AU KatzStone, DM Rudnick, L AF KatzStone, DM Rudnick, L TI A spectral analysis of two compact steep-spectrum sources SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies, evolution; galaxies, individual (3C 67, 3C 190); galaxies, stellar content; radio continuum, galaxies ID EXTRAGALACTIC RADIO-SOURCES; ROTATION MEASURES; VLA OBSERVATIONS; EVOLUTION; MORPHOLOGY; GALAXIES; SAMPLE; JET; GHZ; CM AB We have added new high-resolution VLA and VLBA data of two compact steep-spectrum sources (CSSs) (3C 67 and 3C 190) to existing data. We find both sources have a complex spectral structure that is not completely resolved with these data. A standard aging analysis of 3C 190 predicts an unusually steep injection index of -0.8 and a young age. If CSSs are found to have steep injection indices in general, then it suggests that they are not simply younger, smaller versions of large radio sources,but a different type of object. Another possibility is that the injection index is -0.5 and that the superposition of aged spectral components makes the injection index appear steeper. Whichever explanation is appropriate, interpretation of spectral data in such conventional terms as aging must be made cautiously. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RP KatzStone, DM (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 51 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 10 PY 1997 VL 479 IS 1 BP 258 EP 267 PN 1 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WR660 UT WOS:A1997WR66000022 ER PT J AU Quirrenbach, A Bjorkman, KS Bjorkman, JE Hummel, CA Buscher, DF Armstrong, JT Mozurkewich, D Elias, NM Babler, BL AF Quirrenbach, A Bjorkman, KS Bjorkman, JE Hummel, CA Buscher, DF Armstrong, JT Mozurkewich, D Elias, NM Babler, BL TI Constraints on the geometry of circumstellar envelopes: Optical interferometric and spectropolarimetric observations of seven Be stars SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; stars, emission-line, Be; techniques, interferometric; techniques, polarimetric ID STELLAR ANGULAR DIAMETERS; VISUAL SURFACE BRIGHTNESS; BASE-LINE INTERFEROMETRY; ROTATING B-STARS; GAMMA-CASSIOPEIAE; SPECTRAL TYPES; CONTINUUM POLARIZATION; WAVELENGTH DEPENDENCE; THOMSON SCATTERING; IRAS OBSERVATIONS AB We have obtained contemporaneous optical interferometry and spectropolarimetry of seven Be stars. The interferometry was done using both continuum and narrow H alpha line filters to observe the circumstellar envelope emission. The envelopes of all seven stars were resolved interferometrically in H alpha. Of these seven stars, the envelopes of four were not circularly symmetric and showed clear evidence of elongation. The position angles of the major axis of the elongation were in good agreement with the disk orientation inferred from the intrinsic polarization data, which samples material within a few stellar radii, and also agreed with previous results from the radio, which samples material out as far as 100 stellar radii but at lower resolution. This finding indicates that the envelope alignment persists over 2 orders of magnitude in radius. Minimum inclination angle estimates from the interferometry are presented for six of the seven stars. Under the assumption that the envelopes are fairly thin circularly symmetric disks, there is a straightforward explanation of the interferometric results. The stars with the greatest elongations, zeta Tau, phi Per, and psi Per, are seen nearly equator-on; gamma Cas is seen at a more intermediate latitude, consistent with previous results; and 48 Per and eta Tau, which are only slightly asymmetric, are nearly pole-on. beta CMi had insufficient coverage to determine whether its envelope is asymmetric. These results are consistent with independent indications of the inclinations based on the polarimetry. Spectral diagnostics have been used in the past to classify Be stars as pole-on or as shell stars (usually interpreted to indicate an equator-on orientation). Our inclination angle for 48 Per is consistent with its pole-on classification by Slettebak, and the three equator-on stars have all been previously classified as shell stars. However, both gamma Cas and eta Tau have also been previously classified as shell stars, but we find that they have intermediate and pole-on orientations, respectively. We interpret this finding as evidence that, while equator-on stars may preferentially be shell stars, not all shell stars are actually equator-on. Our results show that the H alpha emission region extends up to about 12 stellar radii, possibly depending on spectral type. The size of this region correlates with the equivalent width of the H alpha emission. Our results also provide strong constraints for allowed models of Be star envelopes. In particular, for zeta Tau, we derive an upper limit to the disk opening angle of 20 degrees, which limits the vertical extent of the envelope. We also find that the polarization position angle is perpendicular to the interferometric major axis in all cases. This rules out envelope models that are both optically and geometrically thick, since these models produce polarization parallel to the plane of the disk. We conclude that results from the combined interferometry and polarimetry strongly favor the disk paradigm for Be stars over mildly ellipsoidal models. C1 UNIV SPACE RES ASSOC, WASHINGTON, DC 20024 USA. MAX PLANCK INST EXTRATERR PHYS, D-85748 GARCHING, GERMANY. UNIV WISCONSIN, SPACE ASTRON LAB, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT ASTRON, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. UNIV TOLEDO, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, RITTER OBSERV, TOLEDO, OH 43606 USA. UNIV DURHAM, DEPT PHYS, DURHAM DH1 3LE, ENGLAND. USN, RES LAB, REMOTE SENSING DIV, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RP USN OBSERV, NRL, OPT INTERFEROMETER PROJECT, CODE AD5, 3450 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20392 USA. OI Babler, Brian/0000-0002-6984-5752 NR 74 TC 236 Z9 236 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 10 PY 1997 VL 479 IS 1 BP 477 EP 496 DI 10.1086/303854 PN 1 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WR660 UT WOS:A1997WR66000049 ER PT J AU Roman, JE Frankel, MY Matthews, PJ Esman, RD AF Roman, JE Frankel, MY Matthews, PJ Esman, RD TI Time-steered array with a chirped grating beamformer SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE gratings in fibres; antenna phased arrays ID DELAY AB The authors have developed a novel, simple chirped-grating based beamformer for time-steered array antennas. The beamformer is based on commercially available chirped fibre gratings and optical circulators and has a measured bandwidth of over 18GHz. The first-ever array demonstration achieves quasi-continuous 1D steering over 45 degrees. RP Roman, JE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 5672,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 8 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD, ENGLAND SG1 2AY SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD APR 10 PY 1997 VL 33 IS 8 BP 652 EP 653 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA WW468 UT WOS:A1997WW46800006 ER PT J AU Kanamori, H Siegel, JN AF Kanamori, H Siegel, JN TI Induction of erythroid gene expression by microcell fusion SO EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR GATA-1; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTORS; HUMAN ALPHA-GLOBIN; TRANSIENT HETEROKARYONS; HEMATOPOIETIC-CELLS; CELLULAR SENESCENCE; DIFFERENTIATION; PROTEIN; TUMORIGENICITY; TISSUE AB The molecular events which underlie lineage commitment and differentiation in hematopoietic cells are still incompletely understood. Microcell fusion is a versatile technique which has been utilized in characterizing and mapping genes involved in tumor suppression, cell senescence, and certain aspects of differentiation. Microcell fusion has the potential to contribute to the understanding of hematopoietic differentiation; however, application of this technique is limited by the need to use adherent cells as microcell donors, by the need to tag candidate chromosomes with a selectable marker, and by the need for prolonged selection of fused cells prior to characterization of their phenotype. We developed a modified technique of microcell fusion using square wave electroporation, which allows higher efficiency fusion than polyethylene glycol fusion. By using cross-species fusion and species-specific PCR primers, we were able to detect new gene induction events 48 h after microcell fusion. To study erythroid gene expression, we fused microcells from human erythroid K562 cells to murine B-lymphoid SP-2 cells. We found that microcell fusion induced the nonerythroid recipient cells to express alpha-globin mRNA in a dose-dependent manner. They also expressed RNA. for beta-globin, GATA-1, and NF-EB. In contrast, there was no expression of heart- or liver-specific genes. We conclude that microcells from erythroid cells contain all the information necessary to induce expression of multiple erythroid genes, Analysis of the components of the microcells responsible for this new gene induction may allow the characterization of cellular factors responsible for erythroid-specific gene expression. (C) 1997 Academic Press. C1 USN,MED RES INST,IMMUNE CELL BIOL PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0014-4827 J9 EXP CELL RES JI Exp. Cell Res. PD APR 10 PY 1997 VL 232 IS 1 BP 90 EP 96 DI 10.1006/excr.1997.3491 PG 7 WC Oncology; Cell Biology SC Oncology; Cell Biology GA WV162 UT WOS:A1997WV16200012 PM 9141625 ER PT J AU LonguetHiggins, MS Dommermuth, DG AF LonguetHiggins, MS Dommermuth, DG TI Crest instabilities of gravity waves .3. Nonlinear development and breaking SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID SUPERHARMONIC INSTABILITY; WATER; STABILITY AB The 'almost-highest wave', which is the asymptotic form of the flow in a steep irrotational water wave of less than the limiting height, was recently shown to be unstable to infinitesimal disturbances (see Longuet-Higgins & Cleaver 1994). It was also shown numerically that the lowest eigenfrequency is asymptotic to that of the lower superharmonic instability of a progressive wave in deep water (Longuet-Higgins, Cleaver & Fox 1994). In the present paper these calculations are revised, indicating the presence of more than one such instability, in agreement with recent calculations on steep periodic and solitary waves (Longuet-Higgins & Tanaka 1997). The nonlinear development of the fastest-growing instability is also traced by a boundary-integral time-stepping method and the initial, linear growth rate is confirmed. The subsequent, nonlinear stages of growth depend as expected on the sign of the initial perturbation. Perturbations of one sign lead to the familiar overturning of the wave crest. Perturbations of the opposite sign lead to a smooth transition of the wave to a lower progressive wave having nearly the same total energy, followed by a return to a wave of almost the initial wave height. This appears to be the beginning of a nonlinear recurrence phenomenon. C1 USN,SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,HYDRODYNAM DIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92121. RP LonguetHiggins, MS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,INST NONLINEAR SCI,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. NR 16 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0022-1120 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD APR 10 PY 1997 VL 336 BP 33 EP 50 DI 10.1017/S002211209600403X PG 18 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA WW773 UT WOS:A1997WW77300002 ER PT J AU Magno, R Bennett, BR AF Magno, R Bennett, BR TI Nanostructure patterns written in III-V semiconductors by an atomic force microscope SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NANOLITHOGRAPHY; FABRICATION; LITHOGRAPHY; SURFACES AB An atomic force microscope has been used to pattern nanometer-scale features in III-V semiconductors by cutting through a thin surface layer of a different semiconductor, which is then used as an etch mask. Cuts up to 10 nm deep, which pass through 2-5 nm thick epilayers of both GaSb and InSb, have been formed. Lines as narrow as 20 and 2 nm deep have been made. Selective etchants and a 5 nm GaSb etch mask are used to transfer patterns into an InAs epilayer. The results are promising for applications requiring trench isolation, such as quantum wires and in-plane gated structures. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. RP Magno, R (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Bennett, Brian/A-8850-2008 OI Bennett, Brian/0000-0002-2437-4213 NR 15 TC 83 Z9 84 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 7 PY 1997 VL 70 IS 14 BP 1855 EP 1857 DI 10.1063/1.118712 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WT147 UT WOS:A1997WT14700026 ER PT J AU Palmer, LD Weng, NP Levine, BL June, CH Lane, HC Hodes, RJ AF Palmer, LD Weng, NP Levine, BL June, CH Lane, HC Hodes, RJ TI Telomere length, telomerase activity, and replicative potential in HIV infection: Analysis of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells from HIV-discordant monozygotic twins SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN FIBROBLASTS; LYMPHOCYTES; AGE AB To address the possible role of replicative senescence in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, telomere length, telomerase activity, and in vitro replicative capacity were assessed in peripheral blood T cells from HIV+ and HIV- donors. Genetic and age-specific effects on these parameters were controlled by studying HIV-discordant pairs of monozygotic twins. Telomere terminal restriction fragment (TRF) lengths from CD4(+) T cells of HIV+ donors were significantly greater than those from HIV- twins. In contrast, telomere lengths in CD8(+) T cells from HIV+ donors were shorter than in HIV- donors. The in vitro replicative capacity of CD4(+) cells from HIV+ donors was equivalent to that of HIV- donors in response to stimulation through T cell receptor CD3 and CD28. Little or no telomerase activity was detected in freshly isolated CD4(+) or CD8(+) lymphocytes from HIV+ or HIV- donors, but was induced by in vitro stimulation of both HIV+ and HIV- donor cells. These results suggest that HIV infection is associated with alterations in the population dynamics of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, but fail to provide evidence for clonal exhaustion or replicative senescence as a mechanism underlying the decline in CD4(+) T cells of HIV-infected donors. C1 NCI,EXPT IMMUNOL BRANCH,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. USN,MED RES INST,IMMUNE CELL BIOL PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889. NIAID,IMMUNOREGULAT LAB,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIA,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RI Levine, Bruce/D-1688-2009 NR 20 TC 106 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 4 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0022-1007 J9 J EXP MED JI J. Exp. Med. PD APR 7 PY 1997 VL 185 IS 7 BP 1381 EP 1386 DI 10.1084/jem.185.7.1381 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA WU183 UT WOS:A1997WU18300023 PM 9104824 ER PT J AU Korkin, AA Lowrey, A Leszczynski, J Lempert, DB Bartlett, RJ AF Korkin, AA Lowrey, A Leszczynski, J Lempert, DB Bartlett, RJ TI Theoretical ab initio study of CN2O3 structures: Prediction of new high-energy molecules SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID PRODUCT BRANCHING RATIOS; GAUSSIAN BASIS FUNCTIONS; ATOMIC BASIS SETS; FIRST-ROW ATOMS; NCO+NO REACTION; S-TRIAZINE; KINETICS; ISOMERS; NO; RADICALS AB Structures and energies of CN2O3 isomers have been investigated theoretically at the ab initio CCSD(T)/TZ2P//MBPT(2)/6-31G* level in search of new high-energy molecules. The most energetically favorable isomer, five-membered cyclic nitrous carbonate, has only a 16 kcal/mol dissociation barrier toward decomposition into CO2 and N2O. Nitroisocyanate, O2N-NCO, a collision complex in the gas-phase reaction of NCO and NO2 radicals, is 29 kcal/mol higher in energy than nitrous carbonate and has a 11 kcal/mol barrier in the exothermic decomposition into CO2 and N2O, which involves formation of an intermediate four-membered cyclic form. Nitrofulminate has a higher CN bond dissociation energy and is expected to be a more stable molecule than the earlier studied nitrosofulminate (Korkin, A. A.; et al. J. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100, 19840). Regarding its high exothermicity in decomposition (O2N-CNO --> CO2 + N-2 + 1/2O(2); Delta E = -165 kcal/mol), nitrofulminate is suggested as a potential energetic oxidizer. Another candidate is its six-membered cyclic trimer, 2,4,6-trinitro-1,2,3-triazine 1,2,3-trioxide. The estimated gaseous heats of formations of nitrofulminate and trinitrotriazine trioxide are 71 and 108 kcal/mol, respectively. Trinitrotriazine trioxide and two other cyclic trimers, trinitroisocyanurate and 2,4,6-tri(nitrosooxy)-1,3,5-triazine, have been optimized at the HF/6-31G* and at the MBPT(2)/6-31G* levels and characterized by HF analytical harmonic frequencies. Another CN2O3 isomer, dinitrosocarbonyl, O=C(NO)(2), has a low stability toward decomposition into CO and NO radicals. C1 USN,RES LAB,STRUCT MATTER LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. JACKSON STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,JACKSON,MS 39217. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST CHEM PHYS,CHERNOGOLOVKA 142432,RUSSIA. RP Korkin, AA (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,QUANTUM THEORY PROJECT,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611, USA. RI Bartlett, Rodney/F-6781-2011 OI Bartlett, Rodney/0000-0003-3865-9639 NR 55 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD APR 3 PY 1997 VL 101 IS 14 BP 2709 EP 2714 DI 10.1021/jp963836q PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA WR427 UT WOS:A1997WR42700029 ER PT J AU Sykes, D Kubicki, JD Farrar, TC AF Sykes, D Kubicki, JD Farrar, TC TI Molecular orbital calculation of Al-27 and Si-29 NMR parameters in Q(3) and Q(4) aluminosilicate molecules and implications for the interpretation of hydrous aluminosilicate glass NMR spectra SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; H2O SOLUBILITY MECHANISMS; HIGH-RESOLUTION AL-27; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; HIGH-PRESSURE; ALBITE MELTS; SILICATE MELTS; WATER; MODEL; NA-23 AB The basis set dependency of Al and Si isotropic chemical shieldings in Al3+. 6(H2O), [Al(OH)(4)](1-). 2(H2O), and tetramethylsilane have been calculated using the CIAO formalism. The Si chemical shielding changes substantially with the addition of extra d-functions; however, this influence is smaller than the effect of using a 311 split valence shell representation. Similarly, the addition of a second set of d-functions to Al lowers the chemical shielding; however, the addition of extra d-functions does not affect the chemical shielding as much if the triply-split valence shell representation is used. The 6-31G* calculation predicts accurate relative chemical shifts for the tetrahedral Al molecule [Al(OH)(4)](1-). 2(H2O) nearest to the experimental value of 79.9 ppm. Calculations were also performed on large (similar to 20 heavy atoms) aluminosilicate molecules to test peak assignments in the experimental NMR spectra of anhydrous and hydrous aluminosilicate glasses. C1 USN,NAVAL COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RDT&E DIV,REMEDIAT RES LAB,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. RP Sykes, D (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT CHEM,1101 UNIV AVE,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. RI Kubicki, James/I-1843-2012 OI Kubicki, James/0000-0002-9277-9044 NR 52 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD APR 3 PY 1997 VL 101 IS 14 BP 2715 EP 2722 DI 10.1021/jp963891z PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA WR427 UT WOS:A1997WR42700030 ER PT J AU Bellin, C Marangolo, M Moscovici, J Loupias, G Rabii, S Erwin, S AF Bellin, C Marangolo, M Moscovici, J Loupias, G Rabii, S Erwin, S TI Investigation of electronic density in C-60 by Compton scattering SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International School and Symposium on Synchrotron Radiation in Natural Science (ISSRNS) CY MAY 31-JUN 08, 1996 CL POLISH SYNCHROTRON RADIATION SOCIETY, JASZOWIEC, POLAND HO POLISH SYNCHROTRON RADIATION SOCIETY ID CARBON; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; FULLERENE; BERYLLIUM; PROFILES AB High-resolution measurements of Compton profiles on C-60 as well as KxC60 have been carried out using 16 keV photons at LURE (Orsay, France) and at ESRF (Grenoble, France). Theoretical profiles are obtained using the plane wave expansion of wave functions from an ab-initio self-consistent field calculation of the energy band-structure. The linear combination of atomic orbitals method within the local-density-approximation has been employed for the calculation. In all cases, the agreement between theory and experiment is excellent. The C-60 profiles indicate substantially greater delocalization of the ground-state charge density, compared to graphite. We have demonstrated, both by experiment and calculation, that the delocalization in C-60 is mainly a molecular effect. C1 UNIV PARIS 12, LPMD, F-94010 CRETEIL, FRANCE. UNIV PARIS 11, LURE, F-91405 ORSAY, FRANCE. UNIV PENN, DEPT ELECT ENGN, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. USN, RES LAB, COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RP Bellin, C (reprint author), UNIV PARIS 06, LMCP, 4 PL JUSSIEU, CASE 115, F-75252 PARIS 05, FRANCE. RI Erwin, Steven/B-1850-2009 NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST PHYSICS PI WARSAW PA AL LOTNIKOW 32-46, 02-668 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0587-4246 J9 ACTA PHYS POL A JI Acta Phys. Pol. A PD APR PY 1997 VL 91 IS 4 BP 681 EP 687 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA WW081 UT WOS:A1997WW08100009 ER PT J AU Quartararo, AT AF Quartararo, AT TI Silent poetry: Deafness, sign, and visual culture in modern France - Mirzoeff,N SO AMERICAN HISTORICAL REVIEW LA English DT Book Review RP Quartararo, AT (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HISTORICAL REVIEW PI WASHINGTON PA 400 A ST SE, WASHINGTON, DC 20003 SN 0002-8762 J9 AM HIST REV JI Am. Hist. Rev. PD APR PY 1997 VL 102 IS 2 BP 462 EP 463 DI 10.2307/2170887 PG 2 WC History SC History GA WU874 UT WOS:A1997WU87400063 ER PT J AU Bayles, BC Hall, GE Hostettler, C Gibson, J Woker, DR AF Bayles, BC Hall, GE Hostettler, C Gibson, J Woker, DR TI Pharmaceutical services in the United States Navy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY LA English DT Article DE administration; automation; computers; dispensing; education, pharmaceutical; health-benefit programs; managed care systems; manpower; military; patient care; personnel, pharmacy; pharmaceutical services; pharmacists; pharmacy, institutional, hospital; United States Navy AB The status of pharmaceutical services in the United States Navy is described. In support of operational forces, pharmacists serve on hospital ships and in tent-based fleet hospitals. The Navy has a long-term commitment to ensuring that its pharmacists receive postgraduate education and training; each year, pharmacists are selected for specific programs. Pharmacy technicians in the Navy have considerably more responsibility than their civilian counterparts; all complete a 23-week course, and many are board certified. Increasingly, Navy pharmacists provide pharmacokinetic services, counsel patients, serve as an information resource for providers, work in pharmacist-managed clinics, develop clinical pathways, and evaluate drug therapy. Automation and computerization are viewed as answers to challenges created by continued ''rightsizing'' of the staff and fiscal restraints. A project is under way that will consolidate historical and current patient information for improved clinical decision-making. The scope of Navy pharmacy practice is expanding dramatically. C1 NATL NAVAL MED CTR, DEPT PHARM, BETHESDA, MD 20853 USA. USN, CTR MED, DEPT PHARM, SAN DIEGO, CA 92152 USA. USN, CTR MED, DEPT PHARM, PORTSMOUTH, VA USA. TRICARE MIDATLANTIC, NORFOLK, VA USA. USN HOSP, ANCILLARY SERV, JACKSONVILLE, FL USA. DEPT NAVY, BUR MED & SURG, WASHINGTON, DC 20350 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 1079-2082 J9 AM J HEALTH-SYST PH JI Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm. PD APR 1 PY 1997 VL 54 IS 7 BP 778 EP 782 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA WR644 UT WOS:A1997WR64400012 PM 9099344 ER PT J AU AbuElyazeed, RR Youssef, FG Merrell, BR ElGamal, RL ElKhoby, TA Hassanein, YA Cummings, CE AF AbuElyazeed, RR Youssef, FG Merrell, BR ElGamal, RL ElKhoby, TA Hassanein, YA Cummings, CE TI Praziquantel in the treatment of Schistosoma mansoni infection: Comparison of 40 and 60 mg/kg bodyweight regimens SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID SCHOOLCHILDREN; CHEMOTHERAPY AB Two different regimens of praziquantel, 40 mg/kg in a single dose and 60 mg/kg in two divided doses administered 6 hr apart, for the treatment of Schistosoma mansoni infection were compared in Abu Homos, Eqypt. Participants in this study included 1,588 subjects of both sexes between five and 50 years old from two rural communities; 730 from Farshout and 858 from Om El-Laban. The prevalence of S. mansoni infection was 57.9% in Farshout and 69.0% in Om El-Laban. Infected subjects received 60 mg/kg of praziquantel in two divided doses 6 hr apart at Farshout and 40 mg/kg in a single dose at Om El-Laban. Eight to ten weeks after treatment, three stool samples were collected from each treated subject on three consecutive days and evaluated quantitatively by the modified Kato technique. The failure was significantly higher at Om El-Laban than at Farshout (14.5% versus 4.1% (odds ratio [OR] = 3.95, P < 0.0001). A significantly higher failure rate was consistent after adjustment for age and number of excreted S. mansoni eggs per gram of feces before treatment (OR = 3.75, P < 0.0001). In spite of differences among cure rates between the two regimens, we recommend 60 mg/kg on an individual basis but not for population treatment, since administration of a single dose of a drug is more practical than two doses given 6 hr apart. C1 ZAGAZIG UNIV,FAC MED,ZAGAZIG,EGYPT. USN,MED RES UNIT 3,RES PUBLICAT BRANCH,FPO,AE 09835. EGYPTIAN MINIST HLTH,CAIRO,EGYPT. RP AbuElyazeed, RR (reprint author), USN,MED RES UNIT 3,CAIRO,EGYPT. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD APR PY 1997 VL 56 IS 4 BP 404 EP 407 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA WY260 UT WOS:A1997WY26000009 PM 9158048 ER PT J AU Anderson, GW Worsham, PL Bolt, CR Andrews, GP Welkos, SL Friedlander, AM Burans, JP AF Anderson, GW Worsham, PL Bolt, CR Andrews, GP Welkos, SL Friedlander, AM Burans, JP TI Protection of mice from fatal bubonic and pneumonic plague by passive immunization with monoclonal antibodies against the F1 protein of Yersinia pestis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID RECOMBINANT AB Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to the fraction 1 (F1) protein of Yersinia pestis protected mice against fatal pneumonic as well as bubonic plague from wild-type F1+ organisms. The rare isolation of a virulent F1- isolate from surviving animals supports earlier studies suggesting that improved vaccines should consist of immunogens to protect against F1- variants. The high degree of protection with IgG MAb suggests that secretory IgA is not required for protection from pneumonic plague. C1 USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD 20889. RP Anderson, GW (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,BACTERIOL DIV,FT DETRICK,FREDERICK,MD 21702, USA. NR 25 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD APR PY 1997 VL 56 IS 4 BP 471 EP 473 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA WY260 UT WOS:A1997WY26000021 PM 9158060 ER PT J AU Shaffer, RE Small, GW AF Shaffer, RE Small, GW TI Learning optimization from nature - Genetic algorithms and simulated annealing SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID WAVELENGTH SELECTION C1 OHIO UNIV,DEPT CHEM,ATHENS,OH 45701. RP Shaffer, RE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,CODE 6116,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Shaffer, Ronald/I-2134-2012 NR 29 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD APR 1 PY 1997 VL 69 IS 7 BP A236 EP A242 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA WQ777 UT WOS:A1997WQ77700003 ER PT J AU Waters, JH Leivers, D Maher, D Scanlon, T DeGuzman, GM AF Waters, JH Leivers, D Maher, D Scanlon, T DeGuzman, GM TI Patient and surgeon satisfaction with extremity blockade for surgery in remote locations SO ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA LA English DT Article ID LIABILITY AB In a practice that may be unique to military health care, extremity nerve blocks are established by anesthesiologists before transporting the patient to a remote clinic for surgery without further monitoring by anesthesia personnel. The safety and acceptance of this practice was assessed through a prospective survey of the surgeons and their patients. Six hundred seventy-seven blocks were performed in a 1-yr period with no adverse events related to this practice. Completed surveys were received from 406 (60%) of the surgeons and 232 (34%) of the patients. Of the blocks performed, 638 (94%) were brachial plexus blocks, with axillary blocks accounting for 87% of the brachial plexus blocks. Of the responding patients, 78% stated that they would be willing to undergo a repeat block. The surgeons were satisfied with the operating conditions in 96% of the cases. This study supports the safety and efficacy of this practice. C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP Waters, JH (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,34800 BOB WILSON DR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0003-2999 J9 ANESTH ANALG JI Anesth. Analg. PD APR PY 1997 VL 84 IS 4 BP 773 EP 776 DI 10.1097/00000539-199704000-00013 PG 4 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA WR460 UT WOS:A1997WR46000013 PM 9085955 ER PT J AU Bennett, JM Namba, Y Guerra, JM Jahanmir, J Balter, TL Podlesny, JC AF Bennett, JM Namba, Y Guerra, JM Jahanmir, J Balter, TL Podlesny, JC TI Topographic measurements of precision-ground optical glasses SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE precision-ground glass; scanning force microscope; photon tunneling microscope; surface profiles ID PHOTON TUNNELING MICROSCOPY; SURFACES AB We studied the surfaces of six precision-ground optical glass samples of fused silica, BK-7, BaCD16, LaC14, NbF1, and LHG8 glass, using a mechanical profiler, a photon tunneling microscope, and a scanning force microscope. The measured roughnesses of the scanning force microscope varied from 3.5 Angstrom rms for BK-7 glass to 30 Angstrom rms for LHG8 laser glass. Good agreement was obtained among the roughness values measured with all three instruments. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. C1 CHUBU UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,KASUGAI,AICHI 487,JAPAN. POLAROID CORP,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. WYKO CORP,TUCSON,AZ 85706. RP Bennett, JM (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,WEAPONS DIV,MICHELSON LAB,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD APR 1 PY 1997 VL 36 IS 10 BP 2211 EP 2216 DI 10.1364/AO.36.002211 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA WQ039 UT WOS:A1997WQ03900029 PM 18253195 ER PT J AU Pellenbarg, RE DeCarlo, EC Boyle, ME Lamontagne, RA AF Pellenbarg, RE DeCarlo, EC Boyle, ME Lamontagne, RA TI Sedimentary siloxanes: A geochronological study SO APPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Pacifichem 1995 Conference CY DEC 17-22, 1995 CL HONOLULU, HI DE siloxones; sedimentary; geochronology ID SILICONES AB Selected samples of sediments from cores taken in the Ala Wai Canal (south-east Oahu, Hawaii) have been analyzed for organosilicon (silicone) content, Observed levels of silicone range from just above the detection limit (similar to 0.01 ppm) to over 1 ppm, and vertical distribution in the sediment column generally increases upwards, with the highest silicone content in the most contemporary sediments (dated independently by Pb-210 and Cs-137 measurements), Further, there is clear evidence of spike events (i.e. high levels of silicone in older, buried sediments) which appear to be associated with major, documented storm events on the island of Oahu, Silicone assay was by solvent extraction, and quantitative spectrophotometric measurement at 7.95 mu m The Ala Wai Canal is an anthropogenic hydrographic feature on Oahu. (C) 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 UNIV HAWAII,DEPT OCEANOG,HONOLULU,HI 96822. RP Pellenbarg, RE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,CODE 6100,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0268-2605 J9 APPL ORGANOMET CHEM JI Appl. Organomet. Chem. PD APR PY 1997 VL 11 IS 4 BP 345 EP 349 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0739(199704)11:4<345::AID-AOC588>3.0.CO;2-X PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA WR259 UT WOS:A1997WR25900013 ER PT J AU Giacani, EB Dubner, GM Kassim, NE Frail, DA Goss, WM Winkler, PF Williams, BF AF Giacani, EB Dubner, GM Kassim, NE Frail, DA Goss, WM Winkler, PF Williams, BF TI New radio and optical study of the supernova remnant W44 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID MHZ SKY SURVEY; X-RAY; CLOUDS; POLARIZATION; WAVELENGTH; SHELL; W28 AB We present new optical images of the supernova remnant (SNR) W44 in the H alpha and [S II] lines covering the entire source for the first time. We also report on improved radio image of W44 at 1442.5 MHz, obtained after the reprocessing of existing VLA data, A spectral index alpha of -0.4 was derived for the whole source, without indication of significant spectral variations between 0.3 and 1.4 GHz across the remnant, Accurate multiwavelength comparisons were made based on existing observations of W44 in the different spectral regimes. We find excellent correlation between optical and radio emission along the northwest border of the remnant, suggesting that the optical radiation is originating through radiative cooling of the shocked gas immediately behind the shock front. Some diffuse optical emission is also observed towards the interior of W44, with no clear radio counterpart. We confirm that over most of the source, the bright X-ray emission corresponds with regions of low radio brightness. At the northern border of the remnant, diffuse X-ray emission exactly overlaps the radio and optical radiation. From the study of the immediate environs of W44 we conclude that the remnant is interacting with molecular clouds along the eastern border, Such a scenario is compatible with the filamentary structure of W44, the excitation of OH masers and the apparent lack of optical emission along the eastern border. To the north, an extended atomic cloud surrounds the remnant, although the interaction is not evident in this case. (C) 1997 American Astronomical Society. C1 NAVAL RES LAB,REMOTE SENSING DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. MIDDLEBURY COLL,DEPT PHYS,MIDDLEBURY,VT 05753. NATL RADIO ASTRON OBSERV,SOCORRO,NM 87801. RP Giacani, EB (reprint author), INST ASTRON & FIS ESPACIO,CONICET,UBA,CC 67,RA-1428 BUENOS AIRES,DF,ARGENTINA. NR 34 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD APR PY 1997 VL 113 IS 4 BP 1379 EP 1390 DI 10.1086/118352 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WQ187 UT WOS:A1997WQ18700017 ER PT J AU Skibo, JG AF Skibo, JG TI Spallation of iron in black hole accretion flows SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; black hole physics; galaxies, active galaxies, Seyfert; nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances ID GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; SECONDARY; GALAXIES; LINES AB In the local Galactic interstellar medium there is approximate energy equipartition between cosmic rays, magnetic fields, and radiation. If this holds in the central regions of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), in particular Seyfert galaxies, then considerable nuclear spallation of Fe occurs, resulting in enhanced abundances of the sub-Fe elements Ti, V, Cr, and Mn. These elements produce a cluster of X-ray fluorescence lines at energies just below the 6.4 keV Fe K alpha line. It is suggested that the red wings on the Fe lines observed with ASCA from various Seyfert AGNs are due to the unresolved line emission from these elements. Future observations with more sensitive X-ray instruments should resolve these lines. The estimated gamma-ray emission from nuclear de-excitation and neutral pion production is calculated and found to be below the sensitivities of any current instruments. However, very luminous nearby Seyferts displaying Fe lines with red wings could have > 100 MeV continuum emissions detectable by future instruments such as the Gamma-Ray Large Area Space Telescope. RP Skibo, JG (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,CODE 7653,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 28 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 1997 VL 478 IS 2 BP 522 EP 526 DI 10.1086/303829 PN 1 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WQ321 UT WOS:A1997WQ32100008 ER PT J AU Khokhlov, AM Oran, ES Wheeler, JC AF Khokhlov, AM Oran, ES Wheeler, JC TI Deflagration-to-detonation transition in thermonuclear supernovae SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE hydrodynamics; stars, interiors; supernovae, general ID IA SUPERNOVAE; MODELS AB We derive the criteria for deflagration to detonation transition (DDT) in a Type Ia supernova. The theory is based on two major assumptions: (1) detonation is triggered via the Zeldovich gradient mechanism inside a region of mixed fuel and products, and (2) the mixed region is produced by a turbulent mixing of fuel and products either inside an active deflagration front or during the global expansion and subsequent contraction of an exploding white dwarf. We determine the critical size of the mixed region required to initiate a detonation in a degenerate carbon-oxygen mixture. This critical length is much larger than the width of the reaction front of a Chapman-Jouguet detonation. However, at densities greater than similar or equal to 5 x 10(6) g cm(-3), it is much smaller than the size of a white dwarf. We derive the critical turbulent intensity required to create the mixed region inside an active deflagration front in which a detonation can form. We conclude that the density rho(tr) at which a detonation can form in a carbon-oxygen white dwarf is low, less than 2-5 x 10(7) g cm(-3) but greater than 5 x 10(6) g cm(-3). C1 UNIV TEXAS,DEPT ASTRON,AUSTIN,TX 78712. RP Khokhlov, AM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,COMPUTAT PHYS & FLUID DYNAM LAB,CODE 6404,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 34 TC 119 Z9 120 U1 0 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 1997 VL 478 IS 2 BP 678 EP 688 DI 10.1086/303815 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WQ321 UT WOS:A1997WQ32100026 ER PT J AU Cargill, PJ Klimchuk, JA AF Cargill, PJ Klimchuk, JA TI A nanoflare explanation for the heating of coronal loops observed by Yohkoh SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun, corona; Sun, flares; Sun, X-rays, gamma rays ID X-RAY TELESCOPE; SOLAR CHROMOSPHERE; TRANSITION REGION; ACTIVE-REGION; MISSION AB The nanoflare model of Cargill (1994a) is used to model active region loops observed by the Yohkoh Soft X-ray Telescope (SXT). Using observed information concerning the dimensions and energy-loss rate of each loop, a range of loop models with different temperatures, emission measures, and filling factors is generated. For hot loops (T > 4 x 10(6) K), it is shown that filling factors less than 0.1 can fit the data, although the uncertainties can be quite large. For cool loops (T approximate to 2 x 10(6) K), the model cannot reproduce the observed temperature and emission measure for any value of the filling factor. Earlier work of Porter & Klimchuk suggested that some of these loops cannot be explained by a steady state heating model either. It is proposed that there may exist two distinct classes of loops and that coronal material is injected into the cooler loops by a mechanism that is not directly related to heating (e.g., not chromespheric evaporation). C1 UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED,BLACKETT LAB,LONDON SW7 2BZ,ENGLAND. USN,RES LAB,DIV SPACE SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Cargill, PJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,BEAM PHYS BRANCH,CODE 6790,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Klimchuk, James/D-1041-2012 OI Klimchuk, James/0000-0003-2255-0305 NR 37 TC 135 Z9 137 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 1997 VL 478 IS 2 BP 799 EP 806 DI 10.1086/303816 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WQ321 UT WOS:A1997WQ32100036 ER PT J AU Correia, MJ Kolev, OI Rupert, AH Guedry, FE AF Correia, MJ Kolev, OI Rupert, AH Guedry, FE TI Vertical optokinetic nystagmus and after-responses during backward tilt SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UP-DOWN ASYMMETRY; DIRECTIONAL ASYMMETRIES; AFTERNYSTAGMUS; POSITION; GRAVITY; MONKEY; AXIS AB Method: Vertical optokinetic nystagmus (VOKN) and after-responses were detected in nine subjects using the corneo-retinal potential (CRP) technique and an infrared video camera detection apparatus (ISCAN) simultaneously. The ISCAN method produced a much smaller intersubject variability, a higher linear regression coefficient (0.94) when vertical eye position was regressed against vertical target position (+/-30 degrees, 5 degrees increments). Detected by ISCAN, VOKN responses were measured at 3 angles of pitch head (and body) tilt: upright (0 degrees), supine (90 degrees), and declined 45 degrees below horizontal (135 degrees). Two stripe velocities (40 degrees . s(-1) and 60 degrees . s(-1)) were used. Results: In six of the nine subjects (67%) and in 40/54 conditions (74%) for ail subjects, upward (slow phase velocity up) VOKN gain was greater than downward VOKN gain for both stripe velocities at all tilt angles. The gain for both upward and downward VOKN decreased as stripe velocity increased from 40-60 degrees . s(-1), which suggests that both upward and downward VOKN systems were starting to saturate. Across subjects, a mean up-down asymmetry index, I, increased monotonically as the subjects declined. The slope of the monotonic function was greater for 60 degrees . s(-1) stripe velocity than for 40 degrees . s(-1) stripe velocity. The mean of all subjects' individual asymmetry ratios (ASYM) also increased as tilt increased but the slope of the best fitted regression line was not statistically significantly different from zero (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Optokinetic after-responses observed in the present study were of two types: 1) resetting of the eye by a drift, with nystagmus superimposed, from a beating field (eye position) that occurred during optokinetic stimulation; and 2) resetting of the eye without nystagmus superimposed. Upward VOKN produced the greatest number of after-responses. The beating field of VOKN was not correlated with pitch tilt. C1 UNIV HOSP,SOFIA,BULGARIA. USN,AEROSP MED RES LAB,PENSACOLA,FL. UNIV W FLORIDA,PENSACOLA,FL 32514. RP Correia, MJ (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,MED BRANCH,7102 MED RES BLDG,GALVESTON,TX 77555, USA. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD APR PY 1997 VL 68 IS 4 BP 289 EP 295 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA WR011 UT WOS:A1997WR01100001 PM 9096823 ER PT J AU Osborne, RG Cook, AA AF Osborne, RG Cook, AA TI Vertebral fracture after aircraft ejection during operation desert storm SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CANOPY AB During Operation Desert Storm, 21 United States and 2 Italian military personnel were held in Iraq as prisoners of war. Of these, 18 had ejected from fixed-wing, ejection seat-equipped, combat aircraft prior to their capture. Of the 18, 6 (33%) had sustained vertebral fractures; 4 of these were compression fractures. This fracture rate is comparable to that of previously studied groups. Fractures were noted to be at several different vertebral sites and after ejecting from a variety of aircraft. Apart from contusions and abrasions, vertebral fractures were the most common injuries discovered in this repatriated population. None of the vertebral fractures produced recognizable neurological disability. The development of vertebral fractures was neither associated with the use of any particular ejection system or aircraft nor did the development of vertebral fractures appear dependent on the age, height or length of service of the affected personnel. Ejected aircrew with low altitude mission profiles seemed more predisposed to vertebral fracture than those at high altitudes, but with a small sample population, this relationship was not statistically significant (p > 0.25). Reliable data were unavailable on aircrew positioning and preparation time for ejection. C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT INTERNAL MED,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. EMORY UNIV,DEPT NEUROL,ATLANTA,GA 30322. RP Osborne, RG (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 8 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD APR PY 1997 VL 68 IS 4 BP 337 EP 341 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA WR011 UT WOS:A1997WR01100010 PM 9096832 ER PT J AU Gamezo, VN Oran, ES AF Gamezo, VN Oran, ES TI Reaction-zone structure of a steady-state detonation wave in a cylindrical charge SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article AB This paper reports numerical simulations of the structure of the reaction zone and adjoining flow of a steady-state two-dimensional detonation wave in an unconfined cylindrical charge in order to study the shock shape, sonic locus, streamlines, and characteristic lines. The reactive fluid dynamic equations are solved by the flux-corrected transport technique and making no a priori assumptions about the flow structure. The polytropic reactive fluid with the simple heat-release law is used as a model. The results of the simulations, when compared to the theoretical analysis, elucidate some fundamental features of the reaction-zone structure. In particular, the calculations show that two different forms of the sonic loci are possible, depending on the charge diameter. Near the charge edge, the sonic locus is always tangential to the upstream limiting characteristic of the rarefaction fan. In the vicinity of the sonic surface, the streamlines have inflection points, and unresolved singularities at the characteristic lines are expected. The sonic surface limits the part of the reaction zone which has any influence on the detonation front. (C) 1997 by The Combustion Institute. C1 DI MENDELEEV CHEM TECHNOL INST,MOSCOW,RUSSIA. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD APR PY 1997 VL 109 IS 1-2 BP 253 EP 265 DI 10.1016/S0010-2180(96)00154-X PG 13 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA WQ376 UT WOS:A1997WQ37600016 ER PT J AU Nguyen, GD AF Nguyen, GD TI A polynomial construction of perfect codes SO COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE polynomial construction; systematic perfect code ID ERROR AB Starting with a single-error-correcting extended perfect binary systematic code of length S, one can construct a single-error-correcting extended perfect binary systematic code of length S2(S) by polynomial manipulations. RP Nguyen, GD (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0898-1221 J9 COMPUT MATH APPL JI Comput. Math. Appl. PD APR PY 1997 VL 33 IS 8 BP 127 EP 131 DI 10.1016/S0898-1221(97)00060-6 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA WZ903 UT WOS:A1997WZ90300012 ER PT J AU Davis, TA Black, AT Kidwell, WR Lee, KP AF Davis, TA Black, AT Kidwell, WR Lee, KP TI Conditioned medium from primary porcine endothelial cells alone promotes the growth of primitive human haematopoietic progenitor cells with a high replating potential: Evidence for a novel early haematopoietic activity SO CYTOKINE LA English DT Article DE endothelial cells; CD34(+) bone marrow stem cells; haematopoietic growth factors; colony-stimulating activity; haematopoietic stem proliferation and colony growth ID HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELLS; HUMAN-BONE-MARROW; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTORS; C-KIT RECEPTOR; STROMAL CELLS; IN-VITRO; YOLK-SAC; FORMING CELLS; FLT3 LIGAND; GM-CSF AB The authors have recently shown that direct contact with primary porcine microvascular endothelial cell monolayers (PMVECs) in combination with haematopoietic growth factors enhances the expansion of primitive human haematopoietic CD34(+) bone marrow progenitor cells. It is now demonstrated that serum-free conditioned medium (PMVEC CRI, concentrated 70x for proteins >30kDa) from untreated PMVECs contains haematopoietic growth factor activity that enhances the in vitro proliferation, haematopoietic cell production, and colony cell formation of primitive human haematopoietic progenitor cells, In combination with exogeneously added human growth factors such as interleukin 3 (IL-3), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and EPO, PMVEC CM enhances the proliferation and colony growth of human haematopoietic CD34(+) cells, In contrast, PMVEC CM has no significant synergistic activity on either stem cell factor (SCF) or flt3-ligand-induced CD34(+) cell proliferation, cell production or colony formation, Blocking mAbs against the c-kit receptor have no effect on PMVEC CM-induced CD34(+) cell proliferation at titres that completely suppress SCF-induced proliferation, Moreover, it is shown that this haematopoietic growth factor supports the proliferation and colony formation of murine, non-human primate, and porcine marrow progenitor cells without any apparent species-specific restrictions in its activity, These finding suggest that PMVEC CRI contains a novel early haematopoietic activity. (C) 1997 Academic Press Limited. C1 CELLCO INC,GERMANTOWN,MD 20874. RP Davis, TA (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,STEM CELL BIOL BRANCH,IMMUNE CELL BIOL PROGRAM,8901 WISCONSIN AVE,BLDG 18,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 70 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 1043-4666 J9 CYTOKINE JI Cytokine PD APR PY 1997 VL 9 IS 4 BP 263 EP 275 DI 10.1006/cyto.1996.0163 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology GA WU164 UT WOS:A1997WU16400007 PM 9112335 ER PT J AU Nero, RW Thompson, CH Love, RH AF Nero, RW Thompson, CH Love, RH TI Abyssopelagic grenadiers: The probable cause of low frequency sound scattering at great depths off the Oregon and California coasts SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS LA English DT Article ID ACOUSTIC SCATTERING; FISH; SWIMBLADDER; STRENGTH AB Volume reverberation measurements from the slope base and abyssal plain along the coasts of Oregon and northern California show an unexpected scattering layer peaking around 2000 Hz at depths greater than 1000 m. A model of swimbladder resonance applied to published records of bottom-dwelling grenadier size and abundance provided a good fit to the data, suggesting the widespread pelagic occurrence of grenadiers, Coryphaenoides spp., of 20-68 cm length at densities near 0.004 ind. m(-2) over the slope base and abyssal plain. RP Nero, RW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 44 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0967-0637 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT I JI Deep-Sea Res. Part I-Oceanogr. Res. Pap. PD APR PY 1997 VL 44 IS 4 BP 627 EP 645 DI 10.1016/S0967-0637(96)00098-2 PG 19 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA XA977 UT WOS:A1997XA97700006 ER PT J AU Kubicki, JD Itoh, MJ Schroeter, LM Apitz, SE AF Kubicki, JD Itoh, MJ Schroeter, LM Apitz, SE TI Bonding mechanisms of salicylic acid adsorbed onto illite clay: An ATR-FTIR and molecular orbital study SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; ORGANIC-MATTER; ALUMINUM; SOIL; COMPLEXATION; ADSORPTION; CHEMICALS; MINERALS; OXIDE AB Understanding the nature of chemical bonding between natural organic matter (NOM) and clays is an important step toward understanding the chemistry controlling the fate and bioavailability of organic contaminants in soils and sediments. Many organic contaminants preferentially associate with NOM, and adsorption of NOM to mineral surfaces affects this association. To examine possible bonding mechanisms of NOM to clays, adsorption mechanisms of salicylic acid onto illite clay were investigated through the use of attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and molecular orbital (MO) calculations. Batch adsorption experiments under acidic and neutral conditions were performed to sorb salicylic acid onto the illite surface. ATR-FTIR spectra were collected to determine the vibrational frequencies of organic surface complexes. MO calculations on salicylate-aluminate and salicylate-silicate clusters were used to model possible surface complexes. Strong correlations were found between theoretical and observed infrared frequencies. Based on these correlations, we suggest that Al-O-C linkages form between salicylate anions and Al3+ octahedra at the illite clay edges. A monodentate complex involving one carboxylate oxygen is most probable under neutral conditions; a bidentate complex involving both carboxylate oxygen atoms and two vicinal Al3+ octahedra is likely to dominate at lower pH. The predicted monodentate surface complex is similar to that suggested by Murphy et al. (Sci. Total Environ. 1992, 117/118, 413) for humic acid-clay bonding. This similarity between salicylic and humic acids suggests that simple organic ligands are good analogues for more complex humic acid-clay interactions. RP Kubicki, JD (reprint author), USN, REMEDIAT RES LAB, CHEM & BIOCHEM BRANCH, RDT&E DIV, COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR, SAN DIEGO, CA 92152 USA. RI Kubicki, James/I-1843-2012 OI Kubicki, James/0000-0002-9277-9044 NR 33 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 1997 VL 31 IS 4 BP 1151 EP 1156 DI 10.1021/es960663+ PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA WR546 UT WOS:A1997WR54600055 ER PT J AU Bosshard, M AF Bosshard, M TI La 'Petite Siberie' - French - Caster,S SO FRENCH REVIEW LA French DT Book Review RP Bosshard, M (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSN TEACH FRENCH PI CHAMPAIGN PA 57 EAST ARMORY AVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0016-111X J9 FR REV JI Fr. Rev. PD APR PY 1997 VL 70 IS 5 BP 747 EP 748 PG 2 WC Literature, Romance SC Literature GA WT215 UT WOS:A1997WT21500026 ER PT J AU Coyle, WJ Sedlack, RE Hansen, D Nemer, R Peterson, R Dresner, D Duntemann, T Murphy, M Lawson, JM AF Coyle, WJ Sedlack, RE Hansen, D Nemer, R Peterson, R Dresner, D Duntemann, T Murphy, M Lawson, JM TI Epidermal growth factor: The link between H-pylori infection and gastric cancer SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN, MED CTR, DIV GASTROENTEROL, PORTSMOUTH, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1997 VL 112 IS 4 SU S BP A552 EP A552 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA WV419 UT WOS:A1997WV41902199 ER PT J AU Royer, JY Gordon, RG DeMets, C Vogt, PR AF Royer, JY Gordon, RG DeMets, C Vogt, PR TI New limits on the motion between India and Australia since chron 5 (11 Ma) and implications for lithospheric deformation in the equatorial Indian Ocean SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Indian Ocean; lithospheric deformation; plate tectonics ID INTRAPLATE DEFORMATION; ARABIAN SEA; PLATE-TECTONICS; FRACTURE-ZONES; RIDGE; UNCERTAINTIES; SEISMICITY; HISTORY; RECONSTRUCTIONS; CONSTRAINTS AB We present new aeromagnetic data from a 1990 survey across the Central Indian and Carlsberg ridges between 18 degrees S and 5 degrees N. The 86 new crossings of anomaly 5 fill a gap of more than 2000 km in previously identified crossings. We furthermore present 15 crossings from Project Magnet aeromagnetic data and 79 crossings from shipboard data to add to 56 previously identified crossings used in prior plate reconstruction work. These combine to give a total of 236 crossings of anomaly 5 flanking the Carlsberg Ridge and Central Indian Ridge. Fracture-zone crossings are extracted from satellite-derived gravity profiles from the Seasat, Geosat/ERM, ERS1 and Topex spacecraft-based altimeters giving 177 useful new crossings near anomaly 5 on 22 conjugate palaeotransform fault pairs; these data replace the 23 crossings used in prior plate reconstruction work. These and many other new altimetry crossings along other portions of the fracture zones permit all the fracture zones flanking the Central Indian and Carlsberg ridges to be recognized and delineated. We use these new plate-motion data to improve the reconstruction of the relative positions of the African, Indian and Australian plates at chron 5 (11 Ma). The improved quality and increased number of magnetic anomaly and fracture-zone crossings allow a great shrinking relative to prior work of the uncertainties in the relative rotations since chron 5 of the African, Australian and Indian plates. The volume of the 95 per cent confidence region is 98 times smaller than found before for the Africa-India rotation, 76 times smaller than found before for the Africa-Australia rotation, and 188 times smaller than found before for the Australia-India rotation. Unlike prior work, in which the Africa-Australia rotation depended strongly on estimates of Australia-Antarctica and Africa-Antarctica rotations, the Africa-Australia rotation can now be estimated accurately from data only along the Central Indian Ridge. The new small-confidence regions exclude all prior best estimates of these rotations. The much smaller uncertainties on the Australia-India rotation lead to specific predictions about where north-south divergence has been occurring, where north-south convergence has been occurring, and where the spatial integral deformation is small. As has recently been shown to be true also for plate motion since chron 2A (3 Ma), the predictions are consistent with independent observations of the location, geographical limits, and style of deformation in the diffuse plate boundary between India and Australia. In particular, the pole of rotation lies in an apparently non-deforming region between the western diffuse plate boundary characterized by north-south stretching and the eastern diffuse plate boundary characterized by north-south to northwest-southeast shortening. The pole of rotation of the Australian plate relative to the Indian plate has moved insignificantly during the past 11 Myr, which suggests that information from the displacements and deformation at present, since 3 Ma, and since 11 Ma can be combined to obtain a more comprehensive kinematic model of how the relative motion between the Indian and Australian plates is and has been accommodated in the wide plate boundary. The 3 Myr average rotation of India relative to Africa is similar to that over 11 Myr, whereas the 3 Myr average rotation of Australia relative to Africa is insignificantly faster and indicates that Australia has changed to a slightly but significantly more eastward direction of motion than that over the past 11 Myr. We also present a new statistical test for determining whether a segment of plate-motion data reflects motion between a pair of rigid plates for which relative motion can be estimated independently from other plate-motion data assumed to lie along the same plate boundary. Application of this new test to the new data demonstrates that the boundary between the Indian and Australian plate along the Central Indian Ridge must have been (and presumably continues to be) at least several hundred kilometres in north-south extent and therefore is not a typical narrow oceanic plate boundary. The rigid Australian plate continues no farther north than an unnamed fracture zone that is immediately south of the Vema fracture zone and intersects the Central Indian Ridge near 10 degrees S. The rigid Indian plate continues no farther south than just north of an unnamed fracture zone that is just south of the Vityaz fracture zone and intersects the Central Indian Ridge near 7 degrees S. Near the Central Indian Ridge, along a meridian at 70 degrees E, the diffuse plate boundary has accommodated 20 +/- 4 km (1-D 95 per cent confidence limits) of north-south divergence since 11 Ma (chron 5). East of the pole of rotation, in the Central Indian Basin, the net north-south convergence along meridians at 80 degrees E and 90 degrees E is 31 +/- 7 km and 80 +/- 12 km (1-D 95 per cent confidence limits), respectively. The indicated convergence along 78.8 degrees E is significantly larger, and that along 81.5 degrees E and 84.5 degrees E is insignificantly larger than estimated from prior analyses of long north-south seismic profiles. The discrepancy has several possible explanations, including flattening of thrust faults with depth, motions out of the vertical plane of the seismic profile, and initiation of motion before 7.5-8.0 Ma, which is the age of initiation of deformation estimated from seismic profiles and deep-sea drilling. C1 RICE UNIV, DEPT GEOL & GEOPHYS, HOUSTON, TX 77005 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT GEOL & GEOPHYS, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. USN, RES LAB, CODE 7420, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RP Royer, JY (reprint author), GEOSCI AZUR, BP48, F-06235 VILLEFRANCHE MER, FRANCE. RI Royer, Jean-Yves/B-4312-2010 OI Royer, Jean-Yves/0000-0002-7653-7715 NR 53 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0956-540X EI 1365-246X J9 GEOPHYS J INT JI Geophys. J. Int. PD APR PY 1997 VL 129 IS 1 BP 41 EP + DI 10.1111/j.1365-246X.1997.tb00937.x PG 0 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA WR938 UT WOS:A1997WR93800004 ER PT J AU Foust, JA Elliot, JL Olkin, CB McDonald, SW Dunham, EW Stone, RPS McDonald, JS Stone, RC AF Foust, JA Elliot, JL Olkin, CB McDonald, SW Dunham, EW Stone, RPS McDonald, JS Stone, RC TI Determination of the Charon/Pluto mass ratio from center-of-light astrometry SO ICARUS LA English DT Article ID STELLAR OCCULTATION CANDIDATES; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; PLUTO; ORIGIN; PLANETARY; NEBULA; SOLAR AB The Charon/Pluto mass ratio is a fundamental but poorly known parameter of the two-body system. Previous values for the mass ratio have ranged from 0.0837 +/- 0.0147 (Null et al., 1993, Astron. J. 105, 2319-2335) to 0.1566 +/- 0.0035 (Young et al, 1994, Icarus 108, 186-199). We report here a new determination of the Charon/Pluto mass ratio, using five sets of groundbased images taken at four sites in support of Pluto occultation predictions. Unlike the Null et al. and Young et al. determinations, where the centers of light for Pluto and Charon could be determined separately, this technique examines the motion of the center of light of the blended Pluto-Charon image. We compute the offsets of the observed center-of-light position of Pluto-Charon from the ephemeris position of the system and fit these offsets to a model of the Pluto-Charon system. The least-squares fits to the five data sets agree within their errors, and the weighted mean mass ratio is 0.117 +/- 0.006. The effects of errors in the Charon light fraction, semimajor axis, and ephemeris have been examined and are equal to only a small fraction of the formal error from the fit. This result is intermediate between those of Null et al. and Young et at and matches a new value of 0.124 +/- 0.008 by Null and Owen (1996, Astron. J. 111, 1368-1381). The mass ratio and resulting individual masses and densities of Pluto and Charon are consistent with a collisional origin for the Pluto-Charon system. (C) 1997 Academic Press. C1 LOWELL OBSERV,FLAGSTAFF,AZ 86001. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,LICK OBSERV,MT HAMILTON,CA 95140. SETI INST,MT VIEW,CA 94043. USN OBSERV,FLAGSTAFF STN,FLAGSTAFF,AZ 86002. MIT,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RP Foust, JA (reprint author), MIT,DEPT EARTH ATMOSPHER & PLANETARY SCI,ROOM 54-410,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139, USA. NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0019-1035 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD APR PY 1997 VL 126 IS 2 BP 362 EP 372 DI 10.1006/icar.1996.5656 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WX524 UT WOS:A1997WX52400011 ER PT J AU Lam, SS Xie, GG AF Lam, SS Xie, GG TI Group priority scheduling SO IEEE-ACM TRANSACTIONS ON NETWORKING LA English DT Article DE AgM block transfer; burst scheduling network; delay guarantee; group priority; integrated services; packet scheduling; real-time flow AB We present an end-to-end delay guarantee theorem for a class of guaranteed-deadline (GD) servers. The theorem can be instantiated to obtain end-to end delay bounds for a variety of source control mechanisms and GD servers, We then propose the idea of group priority, and specialize the theorem to a subclass of GD servers that use group priority in packet scheduling. With the use of group priority, the work of packet schedulers can be substantially reduced, We work out a detailed example, for the class of burst scheduling networks, to illustrate how group sizes can be designed such that the worst case end-to-end delay of application data units in a real-time how is unaffected by the use of group priority, Group priority also fan be used in packet schedulers that provide integrated services (best effort as well as real-time services) to achieve statistical performance gains, which we illustrate with empirical results from simulation experiments. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT COMP SCI,MONTEREY,CA 93943. RP Lam, SS (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,DEPT COMP SCI,AUSTIN,TX 78712, USA. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1063-6692 J9 IEEE ACM T NETWORK JI IEEE-ACM Trans. Netw. PD APR PY 1997 VL 5 IS 2 BP 205 EP 218 DI 10.1109/90.588083 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA XC632 UT WOS:A1997XC63200003 ER PT J AU Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR AF Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR TI Effects of bandgap, life time, and other nonuniformities on diode laser thresholds and slope efficiencies SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Semiconductor Laser Conference (HAIFA 1996 ISLC) CY OCT 13-18, 1996 CL HAIFA, ISRAEL SP IEEE, Lasers & Electro Opt Soc, S Neaman Inst, ECI Telecom, Semiconductor Devices, Technion, Israel Inst Technol, Israeli Minist Sci & Arts DE charge carrier processes; CW lasers; quantum well lasers; semiconductor device modeling; semiconductor lasers; semiconductor superlattices ID QUANTUM-WELL LASERS; INAS-GA1-XINXSB SUPERLATTICES; SEMICONDUCTOR-LASERS; BEAM-PROPAGATION; FILAMENTATION; INTERFACES; AMPLIFIERS AB We examine the effect of various types of spatial nonuniformities on the performance of semiconductor diode lasers. Light versus current (L-I) characteristics are modeled by solving the coupled rate equations for the carrier density, photon density, carrier temperature, and lattice temperature. In cases of macroscopic nonuniformities, that is, when the fluctuation correlation length (Lambda(F)) is longer than the carrier diffusion length (L-D), the cavity is divided into a large number of segments, and separate rate equations are solved for each segment. Type-II antimonide quantum wells are used as the model diode laser system. Macroscopic nonuniformities of the nonradiative lifetime are shown to have little effect on the slope efficiency at high injection levels, but produce a signature softening of the threshold abruptness if the nonuniformity is large enough. This results from the nonuniformity of the carrier concentration and consequent mixture of gain and loss regions. For the case of microscopic bandgap fluctuations (L-D much greater than Lambda(F)), inhomogeneous broadening of the gain spectrum leads to an increase of the threshold current density, which is accompanied by only a small reduction of the efficiency. However, in the complementary limit of macroscopic bandgap fluctuations (L-D < Lambda(F)), the regions with distinct bandgaps become isolated, and photons emitted from the regions with larger bandgaps tend to be absorbed by the regions with smaller bandgaps. For an example with a Gaussian bandgap distribution of width sigma = 30 meV, the nonuniformities have the effect of increasing the threshold current by a factor of 2.6, while reducing the slope efficiency by a factor of 2. We also consider lateral nonuniformities due to the temporal instability of the lasing mode, which tend to have a rather modest effect on the threshold current, slope efficiency, and even on the maximum output power despite the severe degradation of the beam quality. RP Vurgaftman, I (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 30 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1077-260X J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. PD APR PY 1997 VL 3 IS 2 BP 475 EP 484 DI 10.1109/2944.605697 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA XP732 UT WOS:A1997XP73200050 ER PT J AU Billhartz, T Cain, JB FarreyGoudreau, E Fieg, D Batsell, SG AF Billhartz, T Cain, JB FarreyGoudreau, E Fieg, D Batsell, SG TI Performance and resource cost comparisons for the CBT and PIM multicast routing protocols SO IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE CBT; multicast routing; PIM; shared trees AB Researchers have proposed the core-based trees (CBT's) and protocol independent multicasting (PIM) protocols to route multicast data on internetworks. In this paper, we compare the simulated performance of CBT and PIM using the OPNET network simulation tool, Performance metrics include end-to-end delay, network resource usage, join time, the size of the tables containing multicast routing information, and the impact of the timers introduced by the protocols, We also offer suggestions to improve PIM Sparse mode while retaining the ability to offer both shared tree and source-based tree routing. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Billhartz, T (reprint author), HARRIS CORP,GOVT COMMUN SYST DIV,MELBOURNE,FL 32902, USA. NR 9 TC 86 Z9 89 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0733-8716 J9 IEEE J SEL AREA COMM JI IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. PD APR PY 1997 VL 15 IS 3 BP 304 EP 315 DI 10.1109/49.553675 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA WR583 UT WOS:A1997WR58300004 ER PT J AU Harrison, BF Tufts, DW Vaccaro, RJ AF Harrison, BF Tufts, DW Vaccaro, RJ TI Fast, approximate maximum a posteriori probability parameter estimation SO IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OCEAN AB In many estimation problems, the set of unknown parameters can be divided into a subset of desired parameters and a subset of nuisance parameters. Using a maximum a posteriori (MAP) approach to parameter estimation, these nuisance parameters are integrated out in the estimation process. This can result in an extremely computationally intensive estimator. This letter proposes a method by which computationally intensive integration over the nuisance parameters required in Bayesian estimation can be avoided under certain conditions. The proposed method is an approximate MAP estimator, which is much more computationally efficient than direct, or even Monte Carlo, integration of the joint posteriori distribution of the desired and nuisance parameters. As an example, we apply the fast algorithm to matched-field source localization in an uncertain environment. C1 UNIV RHODE ISL,DEPT ELECT ENGN,KINGSTON,RI 02881. RP Harrison, BF (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,NEWPORT,RI 02841, USA. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1070-9908 J9 IEEE SIGNAL PROC LET JI IEEE Signal Process. Lett. PD APR PY 1997 VL 4 IS 4 BP 96 EP 99 DI 10.1109/97.566699 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA WQ478 UT WOS:A1997WQ47800003 ER PT J AU Butler, JT Herscovici, DS Sasao, T Barton, RJ AF Butler, JT Herscovici, DS Sasao, T Barton, RJ TI Average and worst case number of nodes in decision diagrams of symmetric multiple-valued functions SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS LA English DT Article DE decision diagrams; BDD; symmetric functions; multiple-valued functions; complexity; asymptotic approximation; average case AB We derive the average and worst case number of nodes in decision diagrams of r-valued symmetric functions of n variables. We show that, for large n, both numbers approach nr/rl. For binary decision diagrams (r = 2), we compute the distribution of the number of functions on n variables with a specified number of nodes. Subclasses of symmetric functions appear as features in this distribution. For example, voting functions are noted as having an average of n2/6 nodes, for large n, compared to n2/2, for general binary symmetric functions. C1 ST MARYS COLL, DEPT MATH SCI, MORAGA, CA 94575 USA. KYUSHU INST TECHNOL, DEPT COMP SCI & ELECT, IIZUKA, FUKUOKA 820, JAPAN. FRAUNHOFER CTR RES COMP GRAPH, PROVIDENCE, RI 02906 USA. RP USN, POSTGRAD SCH, DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN, CODE EC-BU, MONTEREY, CA 93943 USA. RI Sasao, Tsutomu/E-9702-2012 NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0018-9340 EI 1557-9956 J9 IEEE T COMPUT JI IEEE Trans. Comput. PD APR PY 1997 VL 46 IS 4 BP 491 EP 494 DI 10.1109/12.588065 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA WU590 UT WOS:A1997WU59000011 ER PT J AU Oldham, NM AvramovZamurovic, S Parker, ME AF Oldham, NM AvramovZamurovic, S Parker, ME TI Exploring the low-frequency performance of thermal converters using circuit models and a digitally synthesized source SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 96) CY JUN 17-20, 1996 CL BRAUNSCHWEIG, GERMANY ID AC AB Low frequency errors of thermal voltage converters are described and estimated using a circuit model that includes easily measured parameters. A digitally synthesized source is used to confirm the estimated ac-dc differences in the 0.01 Hz to 40 Hz range. C1 USN ACAD,WEAPONS & SYST DEPT,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. RP Oldham, NM (reprint author), NIST,DIV ELECT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 5 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9456 J9 IEEE T INSTRUM MEAS JI IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. PD APR PY 1997 VL 46 IS 2 BP 352 EP 355 DI 10.1109/19.571854 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA WY149 UT WOS:A1997WY14900065 ER PT J AU Oldham, NM AvramovZamurovic, S Parker, ME Waltrip, BC AF Oldham, NM AvramovZamurovic, S Parker, ME Waltrip, BC TI Low-voltage standards in the 10 Hz to 1 MHz range SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 96) CY JUN 17-20, 1996 CL BRAUNSCHWEIG, GERMANY DE calibration; impedance measurement; micropotentiometer; thermal converters; voltage measurement AB A step-down procedure is described for establishing voltage standards in the 2 mV to 200 mV range at frequencies between 10 Hz and 1 MHz. The step-down employs low-voltage thermal voltage converters and micropotentiometers. Techniques are given for measuring input impedance and calculating loading errors. C1 USN ACAD,WEAPONS & SYST DEPT,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. RP Oldham, NM (reprint author), NIST,DIV ELECT,ELECT & ELECT ENGN LAB,TECHNOL ADM,US DEPT COMMERCE,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 6 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9456 J9 IEEE T INSTRUM MEAS JI IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. PD APR PY 1997 VL 46 IS 2 BP 395 EP 398 DI 10.1109/19.571864 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA WY149 UT WOS:A1997WY14900075 ER PT J AU AbuGhazaleh, NB Wilsey, PA Fan, XZ Hensgen, DA AF AbuGhazaleh, NB Wilsey, PA Fan, XZ Hensgen, DA TI Synthesizing variable instruction issue interpreters for implementing functional parallelism on SIMD computers SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE MIMD on SIMD; interpretation; variable instruction issue; scheduling instruction execution; SIMD computers AB Functional parallelism can be supported on SIMD machines by interpretation. Under such a scheme, the programs and data of each task are loaded on the processing elements (PEs) and the Control Unit of the machine executes a central control algorithm that causes the concurrent interpretation of the tasks on the PEs. The central control algorithm is, in many respects, analogous to the control store program on microprogrammed machines. Accordingly, the organization of the control algorithm greatly influences the performance of the synthesized MIMD environment. Most central control algorithms are constructed to interpret the execution phase of all instructions during every cycle (iteration). However, it is possible to delay the interpretation of infrequent and costly instructions to improve the overall performance. Interpreters that attempt improved performance by delaying the issue of infrequent instructions are referred to as variable issue control algorithms. This paper examines the construction of optimized variable issue control algorithms. In particular, a mathematical model for the interpretation process is built and two objective functions (instruction throughput and PE utilization) are defined. The problem of deriving variable issue control algorithms for these objective functions has been shown elsewhere to be NP-complete. Therefore, this paper investigates three heuristic algorithms for constructing near optimal variable issue control algorithms. The performance of the algorithms is studied on four different instruction sets and the trends of the schedulers with respect to the instruction sets and the objective functions are analyzed. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT COMP SCI,MONTEREY,CA 93943. RP AbuGhazaleh, NB (reprint author), UNIV CINCINNATI,DEPT ECECS,POB 210030,CINCINNATI,OH 45221, USA. OI Abu-Ghazaleh, Nael/0000-0002-9485-5370 NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1045-9219 J9 IEEE T PARALL DISTR JI IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst. PD APR PY 1997 VL 8 IS 4 BP 412 EP 423 DI 10.1109/71.588621 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA WW129 UT WOS:A1997WW12900008 ER PT J AU Schamiloglu, E Prestwich, KR Baker, WL Cooperstein, G AF Schamiloglu, E Prestwich, KR Baker, WL Cooperstein, G TI Special issue on pulsed power science and technology SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 PHILLIPS LAB,KIRTLAND AFB,NM 87117. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Schamiloglu, E (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD APR PY 1997 VL 25 IS 2 BP 107 EP 109 DI 10.1109/TPS.1997.602479 PG 3 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA XK560 UT WOS:A1997XK56000001 ER PT J AU Stoudt, DC Richardson, MA Peterkin, FE AF Stoudt, DC Richardson, MA Peterkin, FE TI Bistable optically controlled semiconductor switches in a frequency-agile RF source SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON AB The processes of persistent photoconductivity followed by photoquenching have been demonstrated at megawatt power levels in copper-compensated, silicon-doped, semi-insulating gallium arsenide, These processes allow a photoconductive switch to be developed that can be closed by the application of one laser pulse (lambda = 1.06 mu m) and opened by the application of a second laser pulse with a wavelength equal to twice that of the first laser (lambda = 2.13 mu m). This switch is called the bistable optically controlled semiconductor switch (BOSS), The opening phase of the BOSS requires a sufficient concentration of recombination centers (RC) in the material for opening to occur in the subnanosecond regime. These RC's are generated in the bulk GaAs material by fast-neutron irradiation (similar to 1 MeV). Neutron-irridated BOSS devices have been opened against a rising average electric field of about 36 kV/cm (18 kV) in a time less than 1 ns while operating at a repetition rate, within a two-pulse burst, of about 1 GHz. The ability to modify the frequency content of the electrical pulses, by varying the time separation, is demonstrated, Results demonstrating the operation of two BOSS devices imbedded in a frequency-agile RF source configuration are also discussed. RP Stoudt, DC (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DAHLGREN DIV,PULSED POWER SYST & TECHNOL GRP,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD APR PY 1997 VL 25 IS 2 BP 131 EP 137 DI 10.1109/27.602483 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA XK560 UT WOS:A1997XK56000005 ER PT J AU Rix, W Coleman, P Thompson, JR Husovsky, D Melcher, P Commisso, RJ AF Rix, W Coleman, P Thompson, JR Husovsky, D Melcher, P Commisso, RJ TI Scaling microsecond-conduction-time plasma opening switch operation from 2 to 5 MA SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID STORAGE AB We describe experiments in which conduction currents were successfully scaled from 2 to 5 MA for conduction times around 1 mu s in a coaxial geometry plasma opening switch (POS) on the 4 MJ ACE 4 driver, Simple models of POS operation, derived from previous work, were used to scale successful results from drivers that operate at microsecond conduction times, but at currents below 1 MA, An MHD model for the conduction phase was verified in which the square root of the plasma density is approximately proportional to the product of conduction time and peak conduction current divided by the switch radius and length, For the opening phase, a model where the POS gap is approximately constant when the local plasma conditions at the beginning of the conduction phase are kept roughly the same is consistent with the observed POS opening voltages of at least 1 MV. The conduction current was increased by increasing the POS cathode radius from 6 to 20 cm while maintaining roughly the same plasma density. This increase in radius resulted in the observed increase in the conduction-current/conduction-time product from 2 to 5 MA . mu s while maintaining MV POS voltages. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Rix, W (reprint author), MAXWELL TECHNO INC,SAN DIEGO,CA 92123, USA. NR 12 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD APR PY 1997 VL 25 IS 2 BP 169 EP 175 DI 10.1109/27.602488 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA XK560 UT WOS:A1997XK56000010 ER PT J AU Goyer, JR Kortbawi, D Childers, FK Sincerny, PS Weber, BV Ottinger, PF Commisso, RJ Thompson, JR Babineau, MA AF Goyer, JR Kortbawi, D Childers, FK Sincerny, PS Weber, BV Ottinger, PF Commisso, RJ Thompson, JR Babineau, MA TI Plasma opening switch research for DECADE SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID OPERATION; VOLTAGE; GENERATOR; STORAGE AB Plasma opening switch (POS) research for the DECADE radiation effects test facility is reviewed, This research was first performed on a half-scale generator, DECADE Prototype Module 1, and indicated the importance of the POS electrode geometry to obtain the required impedance at appropriate conduction times. It also was demonstrated that the conduction time jitter was suitable for a multimodule system, Preliminary experiments at full energy were then conducted on DECADE Module 1 that indicated significant current loss when using a bremsstrahlung load, limiting the output radiation to about half of the DECADE requirement, These results initiated an effort to thoroughly diagnose the power-flow region downstream of the switch, an effort that ultimately provided improved understanding of POS operation and improved coupling to bremsstrahlung loads, At the conclusion of this effort, it had been demonstrated that it is possible for the POS-driven system to meet the DECADE requirements. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. MAXWELL LABS INC,SAN DIEGO,CA 92123. SVERDRUP CORP,ARNOLD AFB,TN 37389. RP Goyer, JR (reprint author), PHYS INT CO,2700 MERCED ST,SAN LEANDRO,CA 94577, USA. NR 39 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD APR PY 1997 VL 25 IS 2 BP 176 EP 188 DI 10.1109/27.602489 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA XK560 UT WOS:A1997XK56000011 ER PT J AU Weber, BV Hinshelwood, DD Commisso, RJ AF Weber, BV Hinshelwood, DD Commisso, RJ TI Interferometry of flashboard and cable-gun plasma opening switches on hawk SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PENETRATION; OPERATION; STORAGE; FIELD AB Interferometry of plasma opening switch (POS) plasmas on the Hawk generator has shown many important features of the plasma evolution during conduction and opening. Opening occurs when a low-density region forms at a radial location determined by plasma redistribution during the conduction phase, consistent with J x B forces and the measured plasma distributions produced by the sources alone. High neutral densities have been detected in the POS region during conduction. Low-density plasma appears between the POS and the load at the time current appears in the load, and high-density plasmas appear there later in time. There are two important differences between the density evolution of POS's utilizing flashboard and cable-gun plasma sources. 1) There is a substantial (two-three times) increase in the electron inventory during conduction using cable guns that is not detected using flashboards. This is attributed, primarily, to ionization of ions and neutrals for the cable-gun case. 2) The conduction scaling with plasma density implies that the cable-gun POS has an effective ion mass/charge ratio about double that for the flashboard POS. RP Weber, BV (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 26 TC 20 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD APR PY 1997 VL 25 IS 2 BP 189 EP 195 DI 10.1109/27.602490 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA XK560 UT WOS:A1997XK56000012 ER PT J AU Sethian, JD Pawley, CJ Obenschain, SP Gerber, KA Serlin, V Sullivan, CA Lehecka, T Webster, WD McGeoch, MW Smith, ID Corcoran, PA Altes, RG AF Sethian, JD Pawley, CJ Obenschain, SP Gerber, KA Serlin, V Sullivan, CA Lehecka, T Webster, WD McGeoch, MW Smith, ID Corcoran, PA Altes, RG TI The Nike electron-beam-pumped KrF laser amplifiers SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Nike is a recently completed multikilojoule krypton-fluoride (KrF) laser that has been built to study the physics of direct-drive inertial confinement fusion. The two final amplifiers of the Nike laser are both electron-beam-pumped systems. This paper describes these two amplifiers, with an emphasis on the pulsed power, The smaller of the two has a 20 x 20 cm aperture, and produces an output laser beam energy in excess of 100 J, This 20 cm Amplifier uses a single 12 kJ Marx generator to inject two 300 kV, 75 kA, 140 ns flat-top electron beams into opposite sides of the laser cell, The larger amplifier in Nike has a 60 x 60 cm aperture, and amplifies the laser beam up to 5 kJ, This 60 cm amplifier has two independent electron beam systems. Each system has a 170 kJ Marx generator that produces a 670 kV, 540 kA, 240 ns flat-top electron beam, Both amplifiers are complete, fully integrated into the laser, meet the Nike system requirements, and are used routinely for laser-target experiments. C1 SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,MCLEAN,VA 22102. RES SUPPORT INSTRUMENTS INC,LANHAM,MD. PLEX CORP,BROOKLINE,MA 02146. TITAN PULSE SCI INC,SAN LEANDRO,CA 94577. RP Sethian, JD (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD APR PY 1997 VL 25 IS 2 BP 221 EP 228 DI 10.1109/27.602494 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA XK560 UT WOS:A1997XK56000016 ER PT J AU Ko, JJ Choi, EH Choi, MC Seo, Y Cho, GS Shin, HM Uhm, HS AF Ko, JJ Choi, EH Choi, MC Seo, Y Cho, GS Shin, HM Uhm, HS TI Pulsewidth and rising time of relativistic electron beam in gas-filled diode SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PRESSURE AB The pulsewidth and rising time of a mildly relativistic electron beam (300 kV, 1-3 kA) passing through a gas-filled diode region are investigated experimentally under various gas pressures P. The pulsewidth and rising time of a relativistic electron beam (REB) were controlled by adjusting the gas pressures P of the diode region. The pulsewidth and rising time of the relativistic electron beam are experimentally found to scale as P-0.807+/-0.054 and P-0.770+/-0.056, respectively. The REB pulsewidth and rising time are shown to have the same scaling law, within the experimental error range as a function of pressure. In particular, the empirical scaling law of the REB pulsewidth is in remarkably good agreement with the numerical scaling law P-0.809+/-0.069 of the full-space charge neutralization time t(s), at which the ion density n(i) is just equal to the electron beam density n(b) at the diode region under a given gas pressure P. It also is found that ion density n(i)(s) at the full space-charge neutralization time t(s) has quite a similar profile in terms of pressure P to that of the REB peak current detected by a Faraday cup. C1 KWANGWOON UNIV,RES INST BASIC SCI,SEOUL,SOUTH KOREA. USN,CTR SURFACE WEAP,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903. RP Ko, JJ (reprint author), KWANGWOON UNIV,CHARGED PARTICLE BEAM & PLASMA LAB,DEPT ELECTROPHYS,SEOUL,SOUTH KOREA. NR 8 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD APR PY 1997 VL 25 IS 2 BP 400 EP 404 DI 10.1109/27.602518 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA XK560 UT WOS:A1997XK56000040 ER PT J AU Faulk, SR Heitmeyer, C AF Faulk, SR Heitmeyer, C TI Introduction to the special section SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Faulk, SR (reprint author), UNIV OREGON,DESCHUTES HALL,EUGENE,OR 97403, USA. RI Heitmeyer, Constance/F-6500-2011 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 SN 0098-5589 J9 IEEE T SOFTWARE ENG JI IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng. PD APR PY 1997 VL 23 IS 4 BP 201 EP 202 DI 10.1109/TSE.1997.590653 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA XE113 UT WOS:A1997XE11300001 ER PT J AU Fischer, RP Manheimer, WM Fliflet, AW AF Fischer, RP Manheimer, WM Fliflet, AW TI Theory and simulation of an 85 GHz quasioptical gyroklystron experiment SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFRARED AND MILLIMETER WAVES LA English DT Article DE gyroklystron; quasioptical resonators; amplifier ID QUASI-OPTICAL GYROTRON; PHASE-LOCKING; ELECTRON-BEAM; OSCILLATOR; FREQUENCY; OPERATION AB The linear theory used to design a two-resonator 85 GHz quasioptical gyroklystron with a nonuniform magnetic field is presented. It is shown that a tapered magnetic field in the prebunching resonator has a relatively small effect on the electron bunching parameter. The effect of velocity spread of the electron beam can be minimized by adjusting the magnetic field strength in the two resonators. Measured amplifier performance is in good agreement with calculations from the nonlinear multimode simulation code. Gyrophase bunching of the electrons is preserved over the long drift region (30 radiation wavelengths) even though no attempt has been made to minimize the velocity spread of the beam. RP Fischer, RP (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0195-9271 J9 INT J INFRARED MILLI JI Int. J. Infrared Millimeter Waves PD APR PY 1997 VL 18 IS 4 BP 759 EP 778 DI 10.1007/BF02677941 PG 20 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA WW892 UT WOS:A1997WW89200001 ER PT J AU Doherty, R Cai, C Kohler, LKW AF Doherty, R Cai, C Kohler, LKW TI Modeling and microstructure development in spray forming SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POWDER METALLURGY LA English DT Article ID MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; DEPOSITION PROCESS; HEAT-FLOW; ATOMIZATION; BEHAVIOR AB Models of the spray forming process from different groups shaw reasonable agreement with each other and with the real process, Use of these models has provided considerable insight into the several complex processes involved in spray forming; in addition, the models allow designed experiments to provide further insight into the process. In the work described it has been shown that the modeled fraction of liquid in the spray f(l)(s) appears to be an appropriate control parameter for spray The differences forming. Sticking efficiency and porosity have been found to correlate well with f(l)(s). The differences found in the optimum value of the fraction of liquid in the spray for billets (0.3) and tubes (0.5-0.6) indicate, however, that the actual control parameter may be the fraction liquid in the deposit, f(l)(d) on the surface under the spray. The need for improved modeling, particularly of the full thermal profiles in complex geometries such as spray deposited tubes, is discussed as is the value of improved process diagnostic tools for direct experimental measurement of such features as droplet sizes and velocities, and the deposit temperatures in actual spray forming processes. C1 CA SPALDING BENSALEM INC,BENSALEM,PA 19020. USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CARDEROCK DIV,BETHESDA,MD 20084. RP Doherty, R (reprint author), DREXEL UNIV,DEPT MAT ENGN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 41 TC 17 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER POWDER METALLURGY INST PI PRINCETON PA 105 COLLEGE ROAD EAST, PRINCETON, NJ 08540 SN 0888-7462 J9 INT J POWDER METALL JI Int. J. Powder Metall. PD APR-MAY PY 1997 VL 33 IS 3 BP 50 EP 60 PG 11 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA WV958 UT WOS:A1997WV95800009 ER PT J AU Pompa, M Flank, AM Lagarde, P Rife, J Stekhin, I Nakazawa, M Ogasawara, H Kotani, A AF Pompa, M Flank, AM Lagarde, P Rife, J Stekhin, I Nakazawa, M Ogasawara, H Kotani, A TI Experimental and theoretical comparison between absorption, total electron yield and fluorescence spectra of the thulium M5 edge SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure CY AUG 26-30, 1996 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Ville Grenoble, Univ Joseph Fourier Grenoble, Minist Educ Natl, CNRS, CEA, Soc Francaise Chim, Jobin Yvon, Microcontrole, Eurisys Mesures, Inst Francais Petr, Air Liquide, Huber Diffrakt Teck, Haldor Topsoe A/S AB Beside the now well known self-absorption effect, several phenomena related to the multiplet structure of the intermediate state may occur which will render the X-ray fluorescence different from the true absorption result on 3d transition metals at the L edge and on the M4,5 edges of rare earths. Special selection rules of the radiative de-excitation process may play an important role there. We have measured the absorption coefficient of a thin film of thulium deposited onto an aluminum foil at room temperature through the simultaneous detection of the transmission, 160 eV bandwidth fluorescence yield and total electron yield. While transmission and electron yield results are very similar, as expected for a very thin sample, the fluorescence yield spectrum is definitely different. Theoretically, the resonant X-ray fluorescence spectrum was calculated using an atomic model, and then integrated over the emitted energy, to predict the fluorescence yield spectrum. A very good agreement is obtained between the theory and experiment. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. ROSTOV STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,ROSTOV NA DONU 344104,RUSSIA. UNIV TOKYO,INST SOLID STATE PHYS,TOKYO 106,JAPAN. RP Pompa, M (reprint author), CTR UNIV PARIS SUD,UTILISAT RAYONNEMENT ELECTROMAGNET LAB,BATIMENT 209D,F-91405 ORSAY,FRANCE. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD APR PY 1997 VL 7 IS C2 BP 159 EP 160 PN 1 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XQ951 UT WOS:A1997XQ95100030 ER PT J AU Ramaker, DE Sambe, H Qian, X OGrady, WE AF Ramaker, DE Sambe, H Qian, X OGrady, WE TI Application of a novel differential XAFS approach for determination of coordination geometries SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure CY AUG 26-30, 1996 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Ville Grenoble, Univ Joseph Fourier Grenoble, Minist Educ Natl, CNRS, CEA, Soc Francaise Chim, Jobin Yvon, Microcontrole, Eurisys Mesures, Inst Francais Petr, Air Liquide, Huber Diffrakt Teck, Haldor Topsoe A/S AB A novel differential XAFS approach has been developed which allows the determination of small distortions in coordination geometry (distortions in bond lengths and angles) about the absorber. The approach requires taking the difference, Delta gamma, between the XAFS of the sample and a reference material. The Fourier transform of Delta chi directly reveals the average of the altered path lengths between the sample and the reference. More importantly, the amplitude of Delta chi directly reflects the magnitude of the changes in the bond lengths or angles. FEFF6 calculations verify this approach, and help to interpret the data. Application of this technique has been made to the zincate ion in an alkaline Zn battery, where small distortions from the T-d geometry resulting from ion pair interactions can be determined directly. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Ramaker, DE (reprint author), GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20052, USA. RI Qian, Xianghong/C-4821-2014 NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD APR PY 1997 VL 7 IS C2 BP 223 EP 224 PN 1 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XQ951 UT WOS:A1997XQ95100052 ER PT J AU Kemner, KM Elam, WT Idzerda, YU Chakarian, V AF Kemner, KM Elam, WT Idzerda, YU Chakarian, V TI Deconvolution of transition metal L-III/L-II-edge EXAFS and magnetic EXAFS (MEXAFS) data SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure CY AUG 26-30, 1996 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Ville Grenoble, Univ Joseph Fourier Grenoble, Minist Educ Natl, CNRS, CEA, Soc Francaise Chim, Jobin Yvon, Microcontrole, Eurisys Mesures, Inst Francais Petr, Air Liquide, Huber Diffrakt Teck, Haldor Topsoe A/S AB We describe the use of an iterative Van Cittert deconvolution approach to isolate the LIII-edge from the LII-edge EXAFS and MEXAFS signals for the 3d transition metals. The deconvoluted LIII-edge EXAFS data is in agreement with theoretically generated LIII-edge data, thus demonstrating the validity of this approach. Results from the deconvolution of the MEXAFS data also qualitatively agree with previously published MEXAFS data on the same elements at the K-edge. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD APR PY 1997 VL 7 IS C2 BP 431 EP 432 PN 1 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XQ951 UT WOS:A1997XQ95100124 ER PT J AU Cross, JO Newville, M Sorensen, LB Stragier, HJ Bouldin, CE Woicik, JC AF Cross, JO Newville, M Sorensen, LB Stragier, HJ Bouldin, CE Woicik, JC TI Separated anomalous scattering amplitudes for the inequivalent Cu sites in YBa2Cu3O7-delta using DAFS SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure CY AUG 26-30, 1996 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Ville Grenoble, Univ Joseph Fourier Grenoble, Minist Educ Natl, CNRS, CEA, Soc Francaise Chim, Jobin Yvon, Microcontrole, Eurisys Mesures, Inst Francais Petr, Air Liquide, Huber Diffrakt Teck, Haldor Topsoe A/S ID DIFFRACTION AB The separate complex resonant scattering amplitudes for the two inequivalent Cu sites in YBa2Cu3O7-delta have been determined using diffraction anomalous fine structure (DAFS). The combined amplitudes Delta f(Q,E) for eight specular (00l) reflections were isolated from the measured intensity using the iterative dispersion algorithm of Pickering, et al., modified to accommodate contributions to the imaginary part of the scattering amplitude from the heavy Ba and Y atoms. The individual site response functions f ''(E) were solved by singular value decomposition of the matrix of crystallographic coefficients and applying the inverse matrix to Delta f(Q,E) at each value of energy. For comparison, a second set of coefficients was obtained by simultaneously fitting the DAFS fine structure functions chi(Q, k) using the computer program FEFFIT under a set of constraints. The chi(Q, k) were modeled as linear combinations of the two Cu site chi(k) functions using a kinematic structure factor model with Q as the independent variable and theoretical chi(k) from FEFF7. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PHYS,SEATTLE,WA 98195. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP Cross, JO (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD APR PY 1997 VL 7 IS C2 BP 745 EP 747 DI 10.1051/jp4:1997224 PN 2 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XQ952 UT WOS:A1997XQ95200025 ER PT J AU Newville, M Cross, JO Ravel, B Sorensen, LB Bouldin, CE Yacoby, Y AF Newville, M Cross, JO Ravel, B Sorensen, LB Bouldin, CE Yacoby, Y TI Co-refinement of diffraction anomalous fine-structure data SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure CY AUG 26-30, 1996 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Ville Grenoble, Univ Joseph Fourier Grenoble, Minist Educ Natl, CNRS, CEA, Soc Francaise Chim, Jobin Yvon, Microcontrole, Eurisys Mesures, Inst Francais Petr, Air Liquide, Huber Diffrakt Teck, Haldor Topsoe A/S AB Diffraction Anomalous Fine-Structure (DAFS) combines the sensitivity to long-range-order of diffraction with the short-range-order sensitivity of XAFS. This makes it possible to use a set of DAFS measured intensities to simultaneously refine both long-and short-range structural parameters, while maintaining some constraints between them. This method combines a calculation of the structure factor based on the unit cell of the crystal with a calculation of the fine-structure chi(E) around each resonant site. Tabulated values of the scattering amplitude are used away from the resonant energies, while the near-edge anomalous scattering amplitude is calculated for the resonant sites using a differential Kramers-Kronig transform of an embedded atom absorption coefficient mu(0)(E) from FEFF. We discuss some of the subtleties of this approach to DAFS analysis. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PHYS,SEATTLE,WA 98195. NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,RACAH INST PHYS,IL-91904 JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. RP Newville, M (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,L-219,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD APR PY 1997 VL 7 IS C2 BP 759 EP 760 DI 10.1051/jp4:1997228 PN 2 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XQ952 UT WOS:A1997XQ95200029 ER PT J AU Cross, JO Rehr, JJ Sorensen, LB AF Cross, JO Rehr, JJ Sorensen, LB TI Polarization and geometry in the n-site DAFS problem SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure CY AUG 26-30, 1996 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Ville Grenoble, Univ Joseph Fourier Grenoble, Minist Educ Natl, CNRS, CEA, Soc Francaise Chim, Jobin Yvon, Microcontrole, Eurisys Mesures, Inst Francais Petr, Air Liquide, Huber Diffrakt Teck, Haldor Topsoe A/S AB The use of diffraction anomalous fine-structure (DAFS) as a means to isolate site-specific XAFS-like response functions in low symmetry materials requires careful consideration of the polarization dependence of the anomalous scattering amplitudes. Starting from the second order matrix elements that describe the anomalous scattering, we use the Rehr-Albers scattering matrix formalism to describe the most general DAFS polarization tensor and make several conclusions about the polarization dependence of DAFS. In this short report, we limit our discussion to practical issues of experimental geometry for the case of DAFS from a material with multiple inequivalent sites in the unit cell. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PHYS,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RP Cross, JO (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD APR PY 1997 VL 7 IS C2 BP 761 EP 762 DI 10.1051/jp4:1997229 PN 2 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XQ952 UT WOS:A1997XQ95200030 ER PT J AU Hunter, DB Bertsch, PM Kemner, KM Clark, SB AF Hunter, DB Bertsch, PM Kemner, KM Clark, SB TI Distribution and chemical speciation of metals and metalloids in biota collected from contaminated environments by spatially resolved XRF, XANES, and EXAFS SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure CY AUG 26-30, 1996 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Ville Grenoble, Univ Joseph Fourier Grenoble, Minist Educ Natl, CNRS, CEA, Soc Francaise Chim, Jobin Yvon, Microcontrole, Eurisys Mesures, Inst Francais Petr, Air Liquide, Huber Diffrakt Teck, Haldor Topsoe A/S ID ABSORPTION AB Shell fragments from turtles collected in a wetland receiving outfall from coal combustion ash basins were elevated in a number of contaminants, notably Se and As. Micro-XANES analysis of the epithelial layer on the shell and of the bone tissue revealed that the keratin associated Se was present exclusively in seleno-amino acid coordination environments, whereas Se in the bone tissue was a mixture of selenate and proteinaceous Se, Elemental distribution maps of hyperaccumulating plants generated by XRF reveal a heterogeneous distribution of Se and Cr, with Se being concentrated within the nuclei of cells and Cr within discrete aggregates in the cytoplasm. Micro-XANES measurements taken on these same regions demonstrated the total loss of the Cr(VI) diagnostic pre-edge feature, indicating the complete reduction of the Cr(VI) to Cr(III) after uptake by the plants. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Hunter, DB (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,ADV ANALYT CTR ENVIRONM SCI,SREL,DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29802, USA. NR 4 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD APR PY 1997 VL 7 IS C2 BP 767 EP 771 DI 10.1051/jp4:1997232 PN 2 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XQ952 UT WOS:A1997XQ95200033 ER PT J AU Kemner, KM Hunter, DB Bertsch, PM Kirkland, JP Elam, WT AF Kemner, KM Hunter, DB Bertsch, PM Kirkland, JP Elam, WT TI Determination of site specific binding environments of surface sorbed cesium on clay minerals by Cs-EXAFS SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure CY AUG 26-30, 1996 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Ville Grenoble, Univ Joseph Fourier Grenoble, Minist Educ Natl, CNRS, CEA, Soc Francaise Chim, Jobin Yvon, Microcontrole, Eurisys Mesures, Inst Francais Petr, Air Liquide, Huber Diffrakt Teck, Haldor Topsoe A/S AB Transport behavior of Cs-137 in the environment is regulated by surface sorption reactions on clay mineral surfaces. To provide greater understanding of Cs transport processes, XAFS investigations of the local environments of Cs-133 sorbed to clay minerals were conducted on Cs-Ca exchanged clay suspensions at the Cs Lm-edge. With decreased surface loadings of Cs, the Cs local environment exhibited increased long range order beyond 6 Angstrom. Identification of Cs in expanded, semi-collapsed and collapsed interlayer environments was determined by correlating radial distances and Fourier transform peak amplitudes representing Cs-O and Cs-Al/Si in the octahedral and tetrahedral layers. Despite the difficulties of analyzing XAFS data of adsorbed atoms in multiple environments, isolation of Cs in more specific sites by selective exchange should allow detailed analysis and identification of predominant binding environments of cations to clay surfaces. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,ADV ANALYT CTR ENVIRONM SCI,AIKEN,SC. SFA INC,LANDOVER,MD 20785. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 4 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 12 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD APR PY 1997 VL 7 IS C2 BP 777 EP 779 DI 10.1051/jp4:1997234 PN 2 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XQ952 UT WOS:A1997XQ95200035 ER PT J AU Kemner, KM Hunter, DB Gall, EJ Bertsch, PM Kirkland, JP Elam, WT AF Kemner, KM Hunter, DB Gall, EJ Bertsch, PM Kirkland, JP Elam, WT TI Molecular characterization of Cr phases in contaminated soils by Cr and Fe EXAFS: A tool for evaluating chemical remediation strategies SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure CY AUG 26-30, 1996 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Ville Grenoble, Univ Joseph Fourier Grenoble, Minist Educ Natl, CNRS, CEA, Soc Francaise Chim, Jobin Yvon, Microcontrole, Eurisys Mesures, Inst Francais Petr, Air Liquide, Huber Diffrakt Teck, Haldor Topsoe A/S AB The successful remediation of Cr contaminated soils via chemical reduction and stabilization of soluble, toxic Cr(VI) species to insoluble Cr(III) species relies on the long term leachability and reoxidation of reduced Cr compounds. Information of Cr chemical environments is invaluable for evaluating the efficiency of proposed stabilization technologies. We describe a matrix of Fe and Cr K-edge EXAFS data on synthetic model compounds that have been used to identify different Fe and Cr local environments of two soil samples. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,ADV ANALYT CTR ENVIRONM SCI,AIKEN,SC. SFA INC,LANDOVER,MD 20785. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD APR PY 1997 VL 7 IS C2 BP 811 EP 812 DI 10.1051/jp4:1997242 PN 2 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XQ952 UT WOS:A1997XQ95200043 ER PT J AU Pandya, KI Anderson, EB Sayers, DE OGrady, WE AF Pandya, KI Anderson, EB Sayers, DE OGrady, WE TI Characterization of carbon supported Pt/Ru alloy particles using EXAFS spectroscopy SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure CY AUG 26-30, 1996 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Ville Grenoble, Univ Joseph Fourier Grenoble, Minist Educ Natl, CNRS, CEA, Soc Francaise Chim, Jobin Yvon, Microcontrole, Eurisys Mesures, Inst Francais Petr, Air Liquide, Huber Diffrakt Teck, Haldor Topsoe A/S AB Pt/Ru alloys are used for electrooxidation of methanol in direct methanol fuel cells. Their catalytic activity strongly depends upon the structure and composition of the alloy particles. We have investigated the structure of Pt/Ru alloy particles supported on high surface area carbon for three namely Pt:Ru,8.5:B.5, 1:1 and 1.5:8.5. The samples were prepared by impregnating the carbon with salt solutions of the two metals followed by reduction to the alloy. The total metal loading was 10 wt%. The PtL3 and RuK EXAFS experiments were carried out at LN2 temperature on beamline X11A of NSLS. The data were analyzed to get consistent structural parameters from both the Pt and Ru EXAFS. The results show that the metals are completely alloyed and the average Pt-Ru distance is 2.70 Angstrom. Difficulties which arose in the data analysis will be discussed. C1 PSI TECHNOL CO,NEW ENGLAND BUSINESS CTR 20,ANDOVER,MA 01810. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Pandya, KI (reprint author), N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,RALEIGH,NC 27695, USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD APR PY 1997 VL 7 IS C2 BP 955 EP 956 DI 10.1051/jp4:1997299 PN 2 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XQ952 UT WOS:A1997XQ95200100 ER PT J AU Harris, VG Kemner, KM Das, BN Woicik, JC Crespo, P Hernando, A Escorial, AG AF Harris, VG Kemner, KM Das, BN Woicik, JC Crespo, P Hernando, A Escorial, AG TI Mechanical-alloying and lattice distortions in ball-milled CuFe SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure CY AUG 26-30, 1996 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Ville Grenoble, Univ Joseph Fourier Grenoble, Minist Educ Natl, CNRS, CEA, Soc Francaise Chim, Jobin Yvon, Microcontrole, Eurisys Mesures, Inst Francais Petr, Air Liquide, Huber Diffrakt Teck, Haldor Topsoe A/S ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; FCC FE-CU; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES AB Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements were used to obtain element-specific, structural and chemical information of the local environments around Cu and Fe atoms in high-energy ball-milled samples. Analysis of the EXAFS data shows both Fe and Cu atoms reside in face-centered-cubic sites with the first coordination sphere consisting of a mixture of Fe and Cu atoms reflecting the as-prepared stoichiometry. The calculated bond distances indicate a dilation in the bonds between unlike neighbors which accounts for the lattice expansion measured by X-ray diffraction. C1 NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. INST MAGNETISMO APLICADO,MADRID 28230,SPAIN. CSIC,CENIM,E-28040 MADRID,SPAIN. RP Harris, VG (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Harris, Vincent/A-8337-2009; Hernando, Antonio/E-2105-2015 NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD APR PY 1997 VL 7 IS C2 BP 1151 EP 1152 DI 10.1051/jp4:19972168 PN 2 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XQ952 UT WOS:A1997XQ95200169 ER PT J AU Harris, VG Kemner, KM Das, BN Woicik, JC Crespo, P Hernando, A Escorial, AG AF Harris, VG Kemner, KM Das, BN Woicik, JC Crespo, P Hernando, A Escorial, AG TI Mechanical-alloying and lattice distortions in ball-milled CuFe SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure CY AUG 26-30, 1996 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Ville Grenoble, Univ Joseph Fourier Grenoble, Minist Educ Natl, CNRS, CEA, Soc Francaise Chim, Jobin Yvon, Microcontrole, Eurisys Mesures, Inst Francais Petr, Air Liquide, Huber Diffrakt Teck, Haldor Topsoe A/S ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; ELECTRON-YIELD; FE AB A least-square fitting analysis of EXAFS data collected From partially-crystallized Fe80B20 thin films (t=15 nm), using data collected from pure phase standards of the crystallization products, was found effective in determining the relative atomic fraction of each crystalline phase present. This fitting scheme provides a means for the quantitative treatment of crystallization and precipitation kinetics in thin films and multilayered structures. C1 NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. INST MAGNETISMO APLICADO,MADRID 28230,SPAIN. CSIC,CENIM,E-28040 MADRID,SPAIN. RP Harris, VG (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6342,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Harris, Vincent/A-8337-2009 NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD APR PY 1997 VL 7 IS C2 BP 1153 EP 1154 DI 10.1051/jp4:19972169 PN 2 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XQ952 UT WOS:A1997XQ95200170 ER PT J AU Harris, VG Williams, CM Abe, M Zhang, Q AF Harris, VG Williams, CM Abe, M Zhang, Q TI Multiple-scattering extended x-ray absorption fine structure analysis of spinel ferrites SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure CY AUG 26-30, 1996 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Ville Grenoble, Univ Joseph Fourier Grenoble, Minist Educ Natl, CNRS, CEA, Soc Francaise Chim, Jobin Yvon, Microcontrole, Eurisys Mesures, Inst Francais Petr, Air Liquide, Huber Diffrakt Teck, Haldor Topsoe A/S ID ELECTRON-YIELD AB We have applied extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy to study the cation distribution in a series of spin-sprayed NiZn-ferrite films. A least-squares fitting of experimental EXAFS data with theoretical, multiple-scattering, EXAFS data allowed the quantitative determination of site distributions for all transition metal cations. C1 MORGAN STATE UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21339. TOKYO INST TECHNOL,MEGURO KU,TOKYO 152,JAPAN. RP Harris, VG (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Harris, Vincent/A-8337-2009 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD APR PY 1997 VL 7 IS C2 BP 1155 EP 1156 DI 10.1051/jp4:19972170 PN 2 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XQ952 UT WOS:A1997XQ95200171 ER PT J AU Mansour, AN Melendres, CA AF Mansour, AN Melendres, CA TI X-ray absorption spectra and the local structure of nickel in some oxycompounds and fluorides SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure CY AUG 26-30, 1996 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Ville Grenoble, Univ Joseph Fourier Grenoble, Minist Educ Natl, CNRS, CEA, Soc Francaise Chim, Jobin Yvon, Microcontrole, Eurisys Mesures, Inst Francais Petr, Air Liquide, Huber Diffrakt Teck, Haldor Topsoe A/S ID HYDROXIDE AB X-ray absorption spectra were measured for a number of nickel oxycompounds and fluorides which contain nickel with valencies in the range of 2 to 4. Information on the local structure and nature of bonding of nickel were derived using theoretical standards generated with the FEFF code. The energies of the main Ni K-edge and the pre-edge peak were found to shift to higher values by about 1.5 and 0.6 eV, respectively, per unit increase in the valency of nickel. The average Ni-O and Ni-F bond length within the octahedron decreased linearly with increase in nickel valency from 2 to 4. The local structure parameters for the higher valency nickel oxycompounds are consistent with a multi-phase model in which up to three phases corresponding to Ni2+, Ni3+, and Ni4+ could be present in different proportions depending on preparation procedures. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV SCI MAT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP Mansour, AN (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CARDEROCK DIV,CODE 684,10901 NEW HAMPSHIRE AVE,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903, USA. NR 8 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD APR PY 1997 VL 7 IS C2 BP 1171 EP 1172 DI 10.1051/jp4:19972178 PN 2 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XQ952 UT WOS:A1997XQ95200179 ER PT J AU Moss, RB Trauger, RJ Giermakowska, WK Turner, JL Wallace, MR Jensen, FC Richieri, SP Ferre, F Daigle, AE Duffy, C Theofan, G Carlo, DJ AF Moss, RB Trauger, RJ Giermakowska, WK Turner, JL Wallace, MR Jensen, FC Richieri, SP Ferre, F Daigle, AE Duffy, C Theofan, G Carlo, DJ TI Effect of immunization with an inactivated gp120-depleted HIV-1 immunogen on beta-chemokine and cytokine production in subjects with HIV-1 infection SO JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES AND HUMAN RETROVIROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XIth International Conference on AIDS CY JUL 07-13, 1996 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA DE HIV-1; cytokines; interferon-gamma; CD8 T cells; cellular immunity; RANTES ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; DELAYED-TYPE HYPERSENSITIVITY; CELLS; INDIVIDUALS; MACROPHAGES; IMMUNITY; RANTES; T(H)1; AIDS AB Objective: To measure beta-chemokine and cytokine production in HIV-1-infected subjects undergoing treatment with HIV-1 immunogen (REMUNE). Design: Open label treatment study. Methods: beta-Chemokine and cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) culture. Results: Interferon-gamma production (p = 0.04) and lymphocyte proliferation (p = 0.001) to HIV-1 antigen-stimulated PBMCs increased after immunization with the HIV-1 immunogen. A correlation was demonstrated after immunization between HIV-1 antigen-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation and interferon-gamma levels (r = 0.53, p = 0.04). No significant change after immunization was seen for interleukin-4 production. A significant increase in mean levels of HIV-1 antigen-stimulated RANTES (i.e., regulated upon, activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted), was evident 1 month after immunization (p = 0.002) and remained elevated 3 months after immunization. RANTES production was decreased in CD8-depleted PBMC cultures. Mean serum HIV-1 RNA copy numbers and CD4 cell counts remained stable after immunization (p >0.5). A correlation was demonstrated between HIV-1 antigen-stimulated interferon-gamma and RANTES production (r = 0.54, p = 0.002). Conclusions: This report describes an augmentation of beta-chemokines and T-Hl-type cytokines from PBMCs after immunization with the HIV-1 immunogen. C1 UNIV PENN,GRAD HOSP,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. USN,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. RP Moss, RB (reprint author), IMMUNE RESP CORP,5935 DARWIN COURT,CARLSBAD,CA 92008, USA. NR 23 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1077-9450 J9 J ACQ IMMUN DEF SYND JI J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. PD APR 1 PY 1997 VL 14 IS 4 BP 343 EP 350 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA WU251 UT WOS:A1997WU25100006 PM 9111476 ER PT J AU Smith, EA Turk, FJ Farrar, MR Mugnai, A Xiang, XW AF Smith, EA Turk, FJ Farrar, MR Mugnai, A Xiang, XW TI Estimating 13.8-GHz path-integrated attenuation from 10.7-GHz brightness temperatures for the TRMM combined PR-TMI precipitation algorithm SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MICROWAVE SATELLITE MEASUREMENTS; SPATIAL-RESOLUTION ENHANCEMENT; VERTICAL STRUCTURE INFORMATION; RAINFALL MEASURING MISSION; CLOUD-RADIATION MODEL; SPACEBORNE RADAR; MULTIPARAMETER RADAR; PROFILE RETRIEVAL; RADIOMETER MEASUREMENTS; SIZE DISTRIBUTION AB This study presents research in support of the design and implementation of a combined radar-radiometer algorithm to be used for precipitation retrieval during the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). The combined algorithm approach is expected to overcome various difficulties that arise with a radar-only approach, particularly related to estimates of path-integrated attenuation (PIA) along the TRMM radar beam. A technique is described for estimating PIA at the 13.8-GHz frequency of the TRMM precipitation radar (PR) from 10.7-GHz brightness temperature T-B measurements obtained from the TRMM microwave imager. Because the PR measures at an attenuating frequency, an independent estimate of PIA is used to constrain the solution to the radar equation, which incorporates effects of attenuation propagation along a radar beam. Through the use of variational or probabilistic techniques, the independent PIA calculations provide a means to adjust for errors that accumulate in estimates of range-dependent rain rates at progressively increasing range positions from radar reflectivity vectors. The accepted radar approach for obtaining PIA from ocean-viewing radar reflectivity measurements is called the surface reference technique, a scheme based on the difference in ocean surface cross sections between cloud-free and raining radar pixels. This technique has encountered problems, which are discussed and analyzed with the aid of coordinated aircraft radar (Airborne Rain Mapping Radar) and radiometer (Advanced Microwave Precipitation Radiometer) measurements obtained during the west Pacific Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment in 1993. The derived relationship expressing 13.8-GHz PIAs as a function of 10.7-GHz T-B's is based on statistical fitting of many thousands of a radiative transfer (RTE) calculations in which the relevant physical and radiative parameters affecting transmission, absorption, and scattering in a raining column and the associated emission-scattering properties of the wind-roughened ocean surface are systematically varied over realistic range intervals. The results demonstrate that the T-B-PIA relationship is stable, with a dynamic range up to about 8 dB. The RTE calculations are used to examine the relative merits of different viewing configurations of the radar and radiometer, and the associated uncertainty variance as the viewing configuration changes, since PIA uncertainty is an important control factor in the prototype TRMM combined algorithm. C1 USN,RES LAB,MARINE METEOROL DIV,MONTEREY,CA. CNR,IST FIS ATMOSFERA,FRASCATI,ITALY. RP Smith, EA (reprint author), FLORIDA STATE UNIV,SUPERCOMP COMPUTAT RES INST,DEPT METEOROL,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306, USA. NR 97 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD APR PY 1997 VL 36 IS 4 BP 365 EP 388 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1997)036<0365:EGPIAF>2.0.CO;2 PG 24 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA WV594 UT WOS:A1997WV59400008 ER PT J AU Gao, Y Kim, YJ Thevuthasan, S Chambers, SA Lubitz, P AF Gao, Y Kim, YJ Thevuthasan, S Chambers, SA Lubitz, P TI Growth, structure, and magnetic properties of gamma-Fe2O3 epitaxial films on MgO SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DIFFRACTION; SURFACES AB Single-crystal epitaxial thin films of gamma-Fe2O3(001) have been grown on MgO(001) using oxygen-plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. The structure and magnetic properties of these films have been characterized by a variety of techniques, including reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED), low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron/Auger electron diffraction (XPD/AED), vibrating sample magnetometry, and ferromagnetic resonance. Real-time RHEED reveals that the film growth occurs in a layer-by-layer fashion. The gamma-Fe2O3(001) film surface exhibits a (1 x 1) LEED pattern. The growth of gamma-Fe2O3 films at 450 degrees C is accompanied by significant Mg outdiffusion. AED of Mg KLL Auger emission reveals that Mg substitutionally incorporates in the gamma-Fe2O3 lattice, occupying the octahedral sites. Magnetic moments are similar to 2300 G and similar to 4500 G for gamma-Fe2O3 films grown at 250 degrees C and 450 degrees C, respectively. The high magnetic moment for the films grown at 450 degrees C could be attributed to the high degree of structural order of the films and Mg substitution at octahedral sites. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Gao, Y (reprint author), PACIFIC NW NATL LAB,ENVIRONM MOL SCI LAB,RICHLAND,WA 99352, USA. NR 19 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 1997 VL 81 IS 7 BP 3253 EP 3256 DI 10.1063/1.364355 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WT432 UT WOS:A1997WT43200052 ER PT J AU Ancona, MG AF Ancona, MG TI Single-phase single-electron digital circuits SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PUMP AB An approach to synchronous single-electron digital circuits is described in which only one clocking signal is required. Such designs may facilitate the development of clock distribution methods with the excellent scaling properties needed if a practical single-electronics technology is ever to be realized. RP Ancona, MG (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6813,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 1997 VL 81 IS 7 BP 3311 EP 3315 DI 10.1063/1.364316 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WT432 UT WOS:A1997WT43200062 ER PT J AU Teague, WJ Hallock, ZR Jacobs, GA AF Teague, WJ Hallock, ZR Jacobs, GA TI Estimation of a geoid section across the Kuroshio SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GEOSAT ALTIMETRY; 35-DEGREES-N; ENERGETICS AB An estimate of the geoid across the Kuroshio Extension at its separation point from Japan is calculated through an analysis of coincident sea surface measurements from inverted echo sounders (IESs) and Topex/Poseidon (T/P). The IESs were positioned along a T/P descending ground track in the vicinity of 35 degrees N, 143 degrees E. This geoid section can be used in conjunction with altimeter data to estimate total sea surface height. Thus, Kuroshio position, surface geostrophic velocity, and transport along the section can be continuously monitored. RP Teague, WJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD APR PY 1997 VL 14 IS 2 BP 326 EP 330 DI 10.1175/1520-0426(1997)014<0326:EOAGSA>2.0.CO;2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA WN718 UT WOS:A1997WN71800010 ER PT J AU Eckermann, SD Rajopadhyaya, DK Vincent, RA AF Eckermann, SD Rajopadhyaya, DK Vincent, RA TI Intraseasonal wind variability in the equatorial mesosphere and lower thermosphere: Long-term observations from the central Pacific SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Upper Atmosphere Structure, Dynamics and Electrodynamics, at the IUGG General Assembly CY JUL, 1995 CL BOULDER, CO SP Int Assoc Geomagnetism & Aeron, Div II Aeron Phenomena ID 40-50 DAY OSCILLATION; NONMIGRATING DIURNAL TIDES; RESOLUTION DOPPLER IMAGER; QUASI 16-DAY OSCILLATION; GRAVITY-WAVE; SEMIANNUAL OSCILLATION; SEASONAL-VARIATIONS; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; ZONAL WIND; TROPICAL CONVECTION AB Analysis of intraseasonal (10-100 days) oscillations in the equatorial mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) is presented, based on over five years of velocity data acquired by a radar system at Christmas Island (2 degrees N, 157 degrees W), in the central Pacific. Strong peaks in the zonal winds are found at periods of similar to 60 days, similar to 35-40 days, and similar to 22-25 days. These peaks, as well as the mean annual variations of the activity within the various period ranges, are similar to 30-60 day and 20-25 day oscillations that occur in the equatorial troposphere. Weaker (but nonetheless clear) periodicities are also found in the meridional winds at similar to 60 days and similar to 35 days. A strong quasi-60-day variation is detected in gravity-wave variances, with much weaker signals at similar to 40 days and similar to 25 days. Strong variations in diurnal tidal amplitudes are observed with periods of similar to 60 days, similar to 40 days, and similar to 25 days. These observations lead us to propose the following explanation for the observed intraseasonal variability of the equatorial MLT region. Intraseasonal cycles in tropical tropospheric convection produce intraseasonal variations in the intensity of gravity waves and nonmigrating diurnal tides impinging upon the mesosphere. This accounts for the intraseasonal peaks we observe in gravity-wave and tidal activity. This intraseasonally modulated wave activity induces similar periodicities in the wave-induced driving of the zonal MLT flow, which in turn forces the observed intraseasonal peaks in the zonal MLT winds. If this explanation is valid, these observations provide an unusually clear example of the driving of MLT flow patterns by waves emanating from tropospheric systems, and highlight the importance of convectively generated waves in understanding the dynamics of the equatorial middle atmosphere. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 COMPUTAT PHYS INC,FAIRFAX,VA 22031. UNIV ADELAIDE,DEPT PHYS & MATH PHYS,ADELAIDE,SA 5005,AUSTRALIA. RP Eckermann, SD (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,CODE 7641,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 75 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1364-6826 J9 J ATMOS SOL-TERR PHY JI J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys. PD APR PY 1997 VL 59 IS 6 BP 603 EP 627 DI 10.1016/S1364-6826(96)00143-5 PG 25 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA WM440 UT WOS:A1997WM44000002 ER PT J AU Fusina, RA Cooper, AL Chubb, SR AF Fusina, RA Cooper, AL Chubb, SR TI High resolution computations of ocean wave spectral modulations due to two-dimensional wave-current interactions SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE AB A new nesting technique has been developed for computing solutions of the steady-state form of the wave action equation. The technique is especially useful for investigating the effects of resolution on the accuracy and stability of the computation. This has importance in the problem of determining ocean wave spectra under the influence of ambient wind fields and current distributions. The technique enables extremely high resolution computations to be performed with minimal computer storage requirements. It is especially useful for applications in modelling radar imagery of the ocean surface. Investigations of the convergence, stability, and accuracy of the procedure are made possible by introducing a fixed grid point location which is common to all the nested grids. In order to display the method, we apply it to a particular model of an oceanographic current rip feature that was recently observed during the first High Resolution Remote Sensing Experiment. Limitations of the method are also discussed. (C) 1997 Academic Press. RP Fusina, RA (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, REMOTE SENSING DIV, CODE 7253, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD APR PY 1997 VL 132 IS 2 BP 215 EP 225 DI 10.1006/jcph.1996.5586 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA WU526 UT WOS:A1997WU52600006 ER PT J AU Smith, DK AF Smith, DK TI Installation life-cycle management SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTING IN CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article RP Smith, DK (reprint author), USN,FACIL ENGN COMMAND,PLANNING & ENGN SUPPORT SYST DIV,ALEXANDRIA,VA, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0887-3801 J9 J COMPUT CIVIL ENG JI J. Comput. Civil. Eng. PD APR PY 1997 VL 11 IS 2 BP 83 EP 83 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-3801(1997)11:2(83) PG 1 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Civil SC Computer Science; Engineering GA WQ016 UT WOS:A1997WQ01600002 ER PT J AU Buonsanto, MJ Codrescu, M Emery, BA Fesen, CG FullerRowell, TJ MelendezAlvira, DJ Sipler, DP AF Buonsanto, MJ Codrescu, M Emery, BA Fesen, CG FullerRowell, TJ MelendezAlvira, DJ Sipler, DP TI Comparison of models and measurements at Millstone Hill during the January 24-26, 1993, minor storm interval SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; HIGH-LATITUDE IONOSPHERE; COLLISION CROSS-SECTION; PEAK ELECTRON-DENSITY; O+-O; THERMOSPHERIC DYNAMICS; GEOMAGNETIC STORM; F-REGION; AERONOMICAL MEASUREMENTS; SEPTEMBER 18-19 AB Results from four first-principle models are compared with Millstone Hill incoherent scatter radar and Fabry-Perot interferometer measurements taken during January 24-26, 1993, a period which included a minor geomagnetic storm. The models used in this study are the thermosphere ionosphere electrodynamics general circulation model (TIEGCM) with and without forcings from the assimilative mapping of ionospheric electrodynamics (AMIE) technique, the coupled thermosphere ionosphere model (CTIM), and the field line interhemispheric plasma (FLIP) model. The present study is the first time the AMIE inputs have been used in the TIEGCM model. TIEGCM and CTIM both underestimate the neutral temperature because of an underestimation of the Joule heating rate. An increase in the high latitude Joule heating would modify the thermospheric circulation. This could result in increases in N-2 and O-2 density above Millstone Hill, which would decrease the AMIE TIEGCM peak electron density (NmF(2)) to agree better with the observations, but would result in poorer agreement between CTIM and the data. The FLIP model NmF is a little low compared to the data, perhaps because of an inadequacy of the mass spectrometer incoherent scatter (MSIS) 86 model composition or the H+ flux in the model. Good agreement is obtained between atomic oxygen density [O] given by MSIS and [O] obtained from the radar data using a heat balance equation, provided an O+-O collision frequency factor of 1.3 is used. While the TIEGCM underestimates the electron and ion temperatures, the FLIP model reproduces major features of the data, apart from a large nighttime enhancement in T-e. During the minor storm interval the observed neutral winds show alternating equatorward surges and abatements apparently due to passage of traveling atmospheric disturbances (TADs) seen in the model results. These are associated with a late evening increase observed in NmF(2) accompanied by a large increase in F-2 peak height (hmF(2)). These perturbations in NmF(2) and hmF(2) are not reproduced by the TIEGCM or CTIM. The NmF2 increase may be due to a decrease in O+ recombination rate caused by the higher hmF(2), combined with compressional effects of a TAD and an enhanced downward flux of O+ ions. C1 UNIV COLORADO, COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. NATL CTR ATMOSPHER RES, HIGH ALTITUDE OBSERV, BOULDER, CO 80307 USA. USN, RES LAB, EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NOAA, SPACE ENVIRONM CTR, BOULDER, CO USA. DARTMOUTH COLL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, HANOVER, NH 03755 USA. RP MIT, HAYSTACK OBSERV, WESTFORD, MA 01886 USA. NR 66 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD APR 1 PY 1997 VL 102 IS A4 BP 7267 EP 7277 DI 10.1029/96JA02602 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WR367 UT WOS:A1997WR36700023 ER PT J AU Weng, NP Levine, BL June, CH Hodes, RJ AF Weng, NP Levine, BL June, CH Hodes, RJ TI Regulation of telomerase RNA template expression in human T lymphocyte development and activation SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN FIBROBLASTS; CELLS; DNA; LENGTH; SENESCENCE; COMPONENT; CANCER; END; AGE AB Telomeres are unique DNA-protein complexes at the terminals of chromosomes that appear to play a critical role in protecting chromosomal integrity and in maintaining cellular replicative potential. Telomerase is a ribonuclear protein that is capable of elongating telomeres by the addition of telomeric hexanucleotide repeats and therefore contributing to the capacity for cell replication. Telomerase activity is expressed in human germline cells and malignant cells, and it has recently been demonstrated that telomerase activity is highly regulated in normal lymphocytes at specific stages of development and activation. However, these studies have not elucidated whether telomerase activity is regulated at the level of specific gene expression or whether the regulation of telomerase RNA template (hTR) and/or protein components contributes to the regulation of telomerase activity in normal somatic cells; To characterize at a molecular level the regulation of telomerase expression in human T lymphocytes, we analyzed the expression of hTR during lineage development and after in vitro activation. It was found that hTR is expressed in subsets of thymocytes with strong telomerase activity at levels that are consistently higher (1.5 times; p < 0.01) than those found in peripheral blood resting T cells. In addition, hTR is up-regulated two- to fivefold in peripheral blood naive and memory CD4(+) T cells after in vitro activation with anti-CD3 plus anti-CD28. These results establish that hTR expression is regulated in normal human T cells during lineage development and after activation, and indicate that regulation of hTR expression may contribute to the regulation of telomerase activity in normal lymphoid cells. C1 NIA,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. USN,MED RES INST,IMMUNE CELL BIOL PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889. RP Weng, NP (reprint author), NCI,EXPT IMMUNOL BRANCH,NIH,BLDG 10,ROOM 4B17,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. RI Levine, Bruce/D-1688-2009 NR 45 TC 82 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD APR 1 PY 1997 VL 158 IS 7 BP 3215 EP 3220 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA WQ643 UT WOS:A1997WQ64300023 PM 9120276 ER PT J AU GuhaThakurta, N Majde, JA AF GuhaThakurta, N Majde, JA TI Early induction of proinflammatory cytokine and type I interferon mRNAs following Newcastle disease virus, poly [rI:rC], or low-dose LPS challenge of the mouse SO JOURNAL OF INTERFERON AND CYTOKINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; FACTOR ALPHA-CACHECTIN; NEUROENDOCRINE RESPONSES; SEROTONIN METABOLISM; SPLEEN-CELLS; INTERLEUKIN-1; EXPRESSION; INFECTION; ENDOTOXIN AB Numerous cytokines induce symptoms characteristic of the nu syndrome common to acute viral infections. To better characterize the cytokine mRNA profile associated with the early phase of this syndrome, we examined the induction of cytokine mRNAs in spleens of mice 1, 2, and 4 h following intraperitoneal inoculation of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). The reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect mRNAs for mouse proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), and interferon (IFN)-gamma] and type I IFNs (IFN-alpha 4 and IFN-beta). We observed a rapid (within 2 h) induction of most of these cytokine mRNAs in the mouse spleen following challenge with live NDV or the viral simulant poly[rI:rC], IL-1 beta, M-CSF, and IFN-gamma mRNAs were also induced by heat-inactivated NDV, suggesting the possibility of endotoxin contamination of the virus (confirmed by Limulus lysate assay). Examination of cytokine induction by comparable doses of lipopolysaccharide indicated that endotoxin contamination could account for the cytokine mRNA-inducing activity of the heat-inactivated virus, These studies point to a critical control (heat-inactivated virus) for viral cytokine studies. In addition, they indicate that certain cytokine mRNAs (IL-1 alpha, IL-6, M-CSF, IFN-gamma, IFN-alpha, and IFN-beta) are rapidly induced in the spleen when live virus is inoculated intraperitoneally, independently of contaminating endotoxin. C1 OFF NAVAL RES,ARLINGTON,VA 22217. UNIV TENNESSEE,CTR HLTH SCI,SCH MED,DEPT PHYSIOL & BIOPHYS,MEMPHIS,TN 38163. NR 38 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 1079-9907 J9 J INTERF CYTOK RES JI J. Interferon Cytokine Res. PD APR PY 1997 VL 17 IS 4 BP 197 EP 204 DI 10.1089/jir.1997.17.197 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology GA WX550 UT WOS:A1997WX55000004 PM 9142648 ER PT J AU Wang, D Golovchenko, EA Pilipetskii, AN Menyuk, CR Arend, MF AF Wang, D Golovchenko, EA Pilipetskii, AN Menyuk, CR Arend, MF TI Nonlinear optical loop mirror based on standard communication fiber SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOLITONS AB We numerically analyze the effectiveness of a nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM) based on standard communication fiber with randomly varying birefringence for demultiplexing streams of picosecond pulses at 100 GHz. A broad switching window of about three pulse full-width at half maximum (FWHM) can be obtained. The device performance is defined by the pulse duration, the dispersion of the fiber, and the fiber length. We show that imperfect averaging of the randomly varying birefringence causes amplitude fluctuations on the NOLM transmission curve. We also show that the Raman self-frequency shift does not affect the NOLM switching characteristics at picosecond pulse durations. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20237. RP Wang, D (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT COMP SCI & ELECT ENGN,BALTIMORE,MD 21250, USA. NR 14 TC 16 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0733-8724 J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL JI J. Lightwave Technol. PD APR PY 1997 VL 15 IS 4 BP 642 EP 646 DI 10.1109/50.566685 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA WR821 UT WOS:A1997WR82100009 ER PT J AU Pedrozo, RAF AF Pedrozo, RAF TI Transport of nuclear cargoes by sea SO JOURNAL OF MARITIME LAW AND COMMERCE LA English DT Article RP Pedrozo, RAF (reprint author), USN,JUDGE ADVOCATE GEN CORPS,WASHINGTON,DC 20350, USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JEFFERSON LAW BOOK COMPANY PI BALTIMORE PA 2100 HUNTINGDON AVE, BALTIMORE, MD 21211 SN 0022-2410 J9 J MARIT LAW COMMER JI J. Marit. Law Commer. PD APR PY 1997 VL 28 IS 2 BP 207 EP 236 PG 30 WC International Relations; Law SC International Relations; Government & Law GA WQ896 UT WOS:A1997WQ89600002 ER PT J AU Ramesham, R Pehrsson, PE Smith, TI Rose, MF AF Ramesham, R Pehrsson, PE Smith, TI Rose, MF TI Synthetic single-crystal, homoepitaxially grown, CVD diamond capacitor SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID FILMS AB Homoepitaxially grown diamond film capacitor has been fabricated and tested for capacitance characteristics. Type IIa diamond was chosen for carbon ion implantation and subsequently microwave plasma CVD diamond was grown. CVD diamond film was separated from the base type IIa diamond substrate by using electrochemical bias. The separated CVD diamond film was annealed at 450 degrees C for 2 h and metallized the film using a d.c. magnetron sputtering technique. The observed capacitance of the fabricated device is of the order of picofarads, close to the expected value of the capacitance. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. AUBURN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,AUBURN,AL 36849. RP Ramesham, R (reprint author), AUBURN UNIV,SPACE POWER INST,LEACH CTR 231,AUBURN,AL 36849, USA. NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0957-4522 J9 J MATER SCI-MATER EL JI J. Mater. Sci.-Mater. Electron. PD APR PY 1997 VL 8 IS 2 BP 69 EP 72 DI 10.1023/A:1018509121955 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA WU944 UT WOS:A1997WU94400002 ER PT J AU Jonson, SR Gross, MT AF Jonson, SR Gross, MT TI Intraexaminer reliability, interexaminer reliability, and mean values for nine lower extremity skeletal measures in healthy naval midshipmen SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE skeletal measures; reliability; naval midshipmen ID STRESS-FRACTURES; MALALIGNMENT; KNEE AB Physical therapists, athletic trainers, and other health care professionals commonly evaluate static postures and dynamic motions in patients with skeletal malalignments of the lower extremity. Accurate clinical evaluation of these malalignments depends on reliable and valid measures as well as established normal values. The purpose of this study was to document the intraexaminer and interexaminer reliability and mean values for nine static lower extremity skeletal measures in healthy Naval midshipmen. The measures studied were femoral torsion, ankle dorsiflexion, tibial length, leg length discrepancy, genu varus/valgus, medial talonavicular joint bulge, rearfoot angle, arch angle, and foot type classification. Intraexaminer and interexaminer reliability ICCs ranged between .65 and .97, and percentage agreements ranged between 88.8 and 94.4%. Mean absolute difference values all were within acceptable limits for clinical measurement A foot type classification scheme was suggested. The results of this study indicate that the measures investigated are reliable when conducted on healthy Naval midshipmen by experienced examiners. Suggestions for further research are offered. C1 USN HOSP,PHYS THERAPY DEPT,GREAT LAKES,IL. NR 37 TC 94 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD APR PY 1997 VL 25 IS 4 BP 253 EP 263 PG 11 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA WP037 UT WOS:A1997WP03700004 PM 9083944 ER PT J AU Tam, DA Rash, FC AF Tam, DA Rash, FC TI Breath-holding spells in a patient with transient erythroblastopenia of childhood SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID IRON-DEFICIENCY; ANEMIA AB We describe a child with transient erythroblastopenia of childhood and breath-holding spells. The spells resolved after oral iron supplementation but before the anemia resolved. The physiologic role of iron in autonomic nervous system regulation and its potential role in the treatment of breath-holding spells are discussed. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA. RP Tam, DA (reprint author), USN, MED CTR, DEPT CLIN INVEST, 34800 BOB WILSON DR, SAN DIEGO, CA 92134 USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD APR PY 1997 VL 130 IS 4 BP 651 EP 653 DI 10.1016/S0022-3476(97)70252-X PG 3 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA WT417 UT WOS:A1997WT41700029 PM 9108866 ER PT J AU Uhm, HS AF Uhm, HS TI Evolution of a preformed electron beam propagating through a conducting cylinder SO JOURNAL OF PLASMA PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA AB A theory of current and energy modulations in an electron beam propagating through a grounded drift tube is developed. The theoretical analysis is based on the assumption that each beam segment has a prescribed current profile at the drift-tube entrance. It is shown that the current modulation amplitude decreases, reaches its minimum value and increases as the beam propagates downstream The current modulation in the linear regime is described by a sum of the forward and backward density waves. On the other hand, the energy modulation in the linear regime is described by the difference between the forward and backward density wares. RP Uhm, HS (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,9500 MACARTHUR BLVD,BETHESDA,MD 20817, USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0022-3778 J9 J PLASMA PHYS JI J. Plasma Phys. PD APR PY 1997 VL 57 BP 515 EP 522 DI 10.1017/S0022377897005370 PN 3 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA XM164 UT WOS:A1997XM16400003 ER PT J AU Schermerhorn, TJ Hodge, J Saltzman, AK Hackett, TE Sprance, HE Harrison, TA AF Schermerhorn, TJ Hodge, J Saltzman, AK Hackett, TE Sprance, HE Harrison, TA TI Clinicopathologic variables predictive of residual dysplasia after cervical conization SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE cervix dysplasia; conization; dilatation and curettage ID ENDOCERVICAL CURETTAGE; CONE BIOPSY; FOLLOW-UP; POSITIVE MARGINS; NEOPLASIA; MANAGEMENT; EXCISION; DISEASE; TIME AB OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinicopathologic variables that are important for predicting residual dysplasia after cervical conization or the loop electroexcisional procedure. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review of 80 cases was performed on patients with squamous dysplasia in the conization specimen, endocervical curettage (ECC) performed immediately after resection, margin status reported by the pathologist and adequate postprocedure follow-up. RESULTS: Twelve patients had residual dysplasia. No case progressed to invasive carcinoma. A multivariate analysis was performed with presence or absence of residual dysplasia as the dependent variable and patient age, type of procedure (cold knife conization or loop excision), grade of dysplasia, margin status and ECC status as independent variables. Margin status was the strongest predictor of residual disease, followed by ECC status. Patient age had a minimal association with persistence. Of the 12 patients with residual dysplasia, 11 had a positive margin, and 8 had a positive ECC. Only 38% of patients with a positive margin had residual disease, but 67% with a positive margin and ECC had residual dysplasia. CONCLUSION: Margin status and ECC are useful in predicting residual dysplasia after conization. C1 USN, MED CTR, DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL, DIV GYNECOL ONCOL, SAN DIEGO, CA 92134 USA. NAVAL MED CTR, DEPT PATHOL, SAN DIEGO, CA USA. NR 14 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCI PRINTERS & PUBL INC PI ST LOUIS PA P.O. DRAWER 12425 8342 OLIVE BLVD, ST LOUIS, MO 63132 SN 0024-7758 J9 J REPROD MED JI J. Reprod. Med. PD APR PY 1997 VL 42 IS 4 BP 189 EP 192 PG 4 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA WX095 UT WOS:A1997WX09500001 PM 9131490 ER PT J AU Borenstein, J Everett, HR Feng, L Wehe, D AF Borenstein, J Everett, HR Feng, L Wehe, D TI Mobile root positioning: Sensors and techniques SO JOURNAL OF ROBOTIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID ROBOT VEHICLE; NAVIGATION AB Exact knowledge of the position of a vehicle is a fundamental problem in mobile robot applications. In search of a solution, researchers and engineers have developed a variety of systems, sensors, and techniques for mobile robot positioning. This article provides a review of relevant mobile robot positioning technologies. The article defines seven categories for positioning systems: (1) Odometry, (2) Inertial Navigation, (3) Magnetic Compasses, (4) Active Beacons, (5) Global Positioning Systems, (6) Landmark Navigation, and (7) Model Matching. The characteristics of each category are discussed and examples of existing technologies are given for each category. The field of mobile robot navigation is active and vibrant, with more great systems and ideas being developed continuously. For this reason the examples presented in this article serve only to represent their respective categories, but they do not represent a judgment by the authors. Many ingenious approaches can be found in the Literature, although, for reasons of brevity, not all could be cited in this article. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 USN, COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR, RDT&E DIV 5303, SAN DIEGO, CA 92152 USA. UNIV MICHIGAN, DEPT NUCL ENGN & RADIOL SCI, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA. RP UNIV MICHIGAN, ADV TECHNOL LAB, 1101 BEAL AVE, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA. NR 41 TC 243 Z9 262 U1 2 U2 25 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0741-2223 J9 J ROBOTIC SYST JI J. Robot. Syst. PD APR PY 1997 VL 14 IS 4 BP 231 EP 249 PG 19 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA WP600 UT WOS:A1997WP60000002 ER PT J AU Hartmann, B Lee, GF Lee, JD Fedderly, JJ AF Hartmann, B Lee, GF Lee, JD Fedderly, JJ TI Sound absorption height and width limits for polymer relaxations SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB An analysis was performed to relate the height and width of the peak in shear sound absorption per wavelength as a function of frequency for the glass transition of a polymer. For the single relaxation time model, the width is 1.14 decades only at small values of the ratio of relaxed to unrelaxed sound speed. For the larger values of sound-speed ratio observed in polymer glass transitions, the width increases as the height increases. For the Havriliak-Negami model, the width increases as the height decreases in a manner similar to that for the complex modulus, though in this case there is a cutoff below the absolute maximum. The curve can be described by the relation that height times width is 1.5 decades of frequency. These predictions are in good agreement with experimental data for 21 polyurethanes. RP Hartmann, B (reprint author), NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CTR,POLYMER SCI GRP,9500 MACARTHUR BLVD,BETHESDA,MD 20817, USA. NR 6 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD APR PY 1997 VL 101 IS 4 BP 2008 EP 2011 DI 10.1121/1.418134 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA WV173 UT WOS:A1997WV17300024 ER PT J AU Ganguli, R Chopra, I Haas, DJ AF Ganguli, R Chopra, I Haas, DJ TI Detection of helicopter rotor system simulated faults using neural networks SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA 37th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference CY APR 15-17, 1996 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UT SP AIAA ID NOISE AB Simulated fault data from a mathematical model of a damaged rotor system are used to develop a neural network based approach for rotor system damage detection. The mathematical model of the damaged rotor is a comprehensive rotorcraft aeroelastic analysis based on a finite element approach in space and time, Selected helicopter rotor faults are simulated through changes in inertial, damping, stiffness and aerodynamic properties of the damaged blade, Noise is added to the numerical simulation to account for sensor noise and inherent uncertainty in the real system, A feedforward neural network with backpropagation learning is trained using both ''ideal'' and ''noisy'' simulated data. Testing of the trained neural network shows that it can detect and identify damage in the rotor system from simulated and noise contaminated blade response and vibratory hub loads data, For accurate estimation of the type and extent of damages, it is important to train the neural network with noise contaminated response data (Ref, 1). C1 USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CARDEROCK DIV,SEA BASED AVIAT OFF,BETHESDA,MD 20084. RP Ganguli, R (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT AEROSP ENGN,ALFRED GESSOW ROTORCRAFT CTR,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. RI Ganguli, Ranjan/B-2592-2010 NR 20 TC 19 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD APR PY 1997 VL 42 IS 2 BP 161 EP 171 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA WX680 UT WOS:A1997WX68000006 ER PT J AU TrzaskomaPaulette, PP Nazeri, A AF TrzaskomaPaulette, PP Nazeri, A TI Effects of sol-gel coatings on the localized corrosion behavior of 304 stainless steel SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CERIUM AB The corrosion behavior of ceria/titania coated 304 stainless steel (304 SS) was studied by anodic polarization measurements in 0.05 N NaCl. Coatings were prepared by sol-gel methods, were approximately 0.5 mu m thick and bonded well to the substrate. The as-received stainless steel suffers sensitization at the coating cure temperature of 900 degrees C and a 500 mV decrease in pitting potential results. When the coating is present, however, despite sensitization of the substrate, the pitting potential is about the same as for the as-received stainless st el. The latter result indicates that the coating does protect the underlying metal from pitting corrosion. Following polarization, coated samples show significantly fewer pits than as-received stainless steel and resist crevice attack. RP TrzaskomaPaulette, PP (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 16 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD APR PY 1997 VL 144 IS 4 BP 1307 EP 1310 DI 10.1149/1.1837589 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA WX090 UT WOS:A1997WX09000042 ER PT J AU Schulz, TK AF Schulz, TK TI Counseling adult survivors of child abuse - Sanderson,C SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS LA English DT Book Review RP Schulz, TK (reprint author), USN,CALIFORNIA,MD 20619, USA. NR 1 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0894-9867 J9 J TRAUMA STRESS JI J. Trauma Stress PD APR PY 1997 VL 10 IS 2 BP 351 EP 352 DI 10.1002/jts.2490100217 PG 2 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA WW293 UT WOS:A1997WW29300014 ER PT J AU Heffernan, JP Heidenberg, HB Irby, PB Moul, JW AF Heffernan, JP Heidenberg, HB Irby, PB Moul, JW TI Gossypiboma (retained surgical sponge) and recurrent bladder neck contracture after radical retropubic prostatectomy and bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE bladder; prostate; iatrogenic disease; surgical sponges; bladder neck obstruction C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT SURG,BETHESDA,MD 20814. USN HOSP,DEPT UROL,GROTON,CT. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,SERV UROL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,CTR PROSTATE DIS RES,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD APR PY 1997 VL 157 IS 4 BP 1356 EP 1357 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)64978-4 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA WN129 UT WOS:A1997WN12900057 PM 9120944 ER PT J AU Gaunaurd, GG Eisler, TJ AF Gaunaurd, GG Eisler, TJ TI Classical electrodynamics and acoustics: Sound radiation by moving multipoles SO JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND ACOUSTICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB In classical electrodynamics (CED) P. Dirac used the average of retarded and advanced fields to represent the bound field and their difference to represent the free field in his derivation of the (Lorentz-Dirac) equation of motion for an electron. The latter skew-symmetric combination filtered out the radiation part of the field. It can also be used to derive many properties of the power radiated by acoustic sources, such as angular and frequency distributions. As in CED there is radiation due to source acceleration and radiation patterns exhibit the ''headlight effect.'' Power radiation patterns are obtained by this approach for point multipoles undergoing various motions. Applications to sound radiation problems from rotating machinery are shown. Numerous computed plots illustrate all cases. RP Gaunaurd, GG (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CARDEROCK DIV,CODE 684,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903, USA. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 1048-9002 J9 J VIB ACOUST JI J. Vib. Acoust.-Trans. ASME PD APR PY 1997 VL 119 IS 2 BP 271 EP 282 DI 10.1115/1.2889714 PG 12 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA WW044 UT WOS:A1997WW04400019 ER PT J AU Yoon, SH Kwon, YW Clawson, LA AF Yoon, SH Kwon, YW Clawson, LA TI Experimental investigation on low energy impact behavior of foam cored sandwich composites SO KSME INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE foam cored sandwich composite; delamination; damage tolerance; low energy impact; impact force history; momentum; kinetic energy AB This study focuses on an experimental investigation of damage tolerance of the foam cored sandwich composite subjected to low energy impact. Tests are performed to correlate delamination length with failure loads and loss of damage tolerance of the sandwich composite. The impact force history is used to determine momentum imparted to the specimen, the work done on the specimen, and the kinetic energy in order to gain an understanding of the mechanisms involved in damage due to impact loading. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT MECH ENGN,MONTEREY,CA 93943. RP Yoon, SH (reprint author), KUMOH NATL UNIV TECHNOL,DEPT MECH ENGN,KUMI 730701,KYUNGBUK,SOUTH KOREA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KOREAN SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI SEOUL PA 13-31 YOUIDO-DONG, YONGDUNGPO-GU, SEOUL 150-010, SOUTH KOREA SN 1011-8861 J9 KSME INT J JI KSME Int. J. PD APR PY 1997 VL 11 IS 2 BP 136 EP 142 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA XA325 UT WOS:A1997XA32500003 ER PT J AU Abdullah, F Whiteford, M Mathiak, G Ovadia, P Rudolph, A Neville, LF Rabinovici, R AF Abdullah, F Whiteford, M Mathiak, G Ovadia, P Rudolph, A Neville, LF Rabinovici, R TI Effect of liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin on triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol measurements SO LIPIDS LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; SERUM-LIPOPROTEINS; LIPASE ACTIVITY; LIPID-METABOLISM; ENDOTOXIC RATS; PLASMA; MICE; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; CHYLOMICRONS AB The present study investigated the effect of liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin (LEH), an experimental oxygen-carrying resuscitation fluid, on triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein (LDL), and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol measurements. In vivo, the intravenous infusion of LEH (5.6 mL/kg, n = 6) elevated serum triglycerides (+ 92% vs. baseline, P < .05), total cholesterol (+ 25% vs. baseline, P < .01), LDL cholesterol (+ 72% vs. base line, P < .01) and had no effect on serum HDL cholesterol. In addition, LEH did not alter the elevation in serum triglycerides (+ 302% vs. baseline, P < .01) and LDL cholesterol (+ 86% vs. baseline, P < .01) induced by lipopolysaccharide (3.6 mg/kg, i.v., n = 6). Ex vivo, measurements of triglycerides and total cholesterol as well as LDL and HDL cholesterol in whole blood from naive rats were not changed by the addition of LEH (0-50%, n = 6). In vitro, the addition of a fixed concentration of LEH (50%, n = 6) to varying concentrations of cholesterol solution (0-50%), or vice versa, had no effect on cholesterol determination. It is therefore concluded that LEH only minimally affects serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol and does not interfere with their measurement. C1 THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV,JEFFERSON MED COLL,DEPT SURG,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1608 BROADMOOR DRIVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-0489 SN 0024-4201 J9 LIPIDS JI Lipids PD APR PY 1997 VL 32 IS 4 BP 377 EP 381 DI 10.1007/s11745-997-0048-6 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA WU665 UT WOS:A1997WU66500005 PM 9113625 ER PT J AU Burchill, G Fine, CH AF Burchill, G Fine, CH TI Time versus market orientation in product concept development: Empirically-based theory generation SO MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE product development; system dynamics; causal loop modeling; total quality management ID RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT; INFORMATION; INNOVATION; PERSONNEL; MODELS AB In collaboration with industry partners, a normative model of the product concept decision process was developed, supported with tools and techniques, and codified as a decision support process for product development teams. This process (Concept Engineering) was then introduced into a number of product development teams in different companies. A comparative analysis of actual product concept development activities, with and without the use of Concept Engineering, was conducted. All of the observed teams viewed time to market as a critical measure of their success. However, the development processes differed significantly depending on whether relatively more emphasis was placed on time or market considerations. Key variables associated with the product concept development decision process and time-to-market dynamics were identified and a theory of the concept development process was developed using the inductive system diagram technique, a research methodology developed in the course of this work. We believe this work contributes to the operations management literature in three ways. First, it introduces a very detailed, structured decision process for product concept development, enhancing the literature on Quality Function Deployment (QFD). Second, it presents a theory of product concept development that can improve understanding of success and failure in product concept development. Third, this work develops new methodology (Inductive Systems Diagrams) for field work in operations management. This methodology marries the grounded theory methods, familiar to sociologists with causal-loop modeling familiar to systems dynamicists, yielding a rigorous tool for systematically collecting, organizing, and distilling large amounts of field-based data. C1 MIT,SLOAN SCH MANAGEMENT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RP Burchill, G (reprint author), USN,NAVY SHIPS PARTS CONTROL CTR,MECHANICSBURG,PA 17055, USA. NR 44 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 2 U2 14 PU INST OPERATIONS RESEARCH MANAGEMENT SCIENCES PI LINTHICUM HTS PA 901 ELKRIDGE LANDING RD, STE 400, LINTHICUM HTS, MD 21090-2909 SN 0025-1909 J9 MANAGE SCI JI Manage. Sci. PD APR PY 1997 VL 43 IS 4 BP 465 EP 478 DI 10.1287/mnsc.43.4.465 PG 14 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA WY857 UT WOS:A1997WY85700007 ER PT J AU Ransom, B Bennett, RH Baerwald, R Shea, K AF Ransom, B Bennett, RH Baerwald, R Shea, K TI TEM study of in situ organic matter on continental margins: Occurrence and the ''monolayer'' hypothesis SO MARINE GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE organic carbon; continental margin; sedimentation; TEM data; bacteria; sediment-water interface ID COASTAL MARINE-SEDIMENTS; FECAL PELLETS; PARTICLES; FLUXES; CARBON; SNOW AB TEM photomicrographs show that organic matter in the continental margin sediments that we have examined is primarily patchy in distribution and occurs as: (1) discrete, discontinuous blebs and micro-blebs of differentiated and undifferentiated protoplasm; (2) bacterial cells and associated muco-polysaccharide networks and (3) localized smears generally associated with clay minerals and domain junctions in clay-rich flocs, not as thin uniform grain coatings or as infillings of nicks or etch pits on sediment grains with high degrees of surface roughness. This occurrence contradicts recent assertions that most organic matter in continental margins occurs as monolayer or ''monolayer equivalent'' coatings on mineral grains and inorganic bioclastic particles. Our results are based on TEM photomicrographs of samples from the northern California continental slope that fall within the ''monolayer equivalent'' envelope defined by Mayer (1994), marine snow from the overlying nepheloid layer, and sediments from Eckernforde Bay in the Baltic Sea. These samples were prepared specifically to preserve and image in situ sediment fabric and organic constituents. Textural evidence suggests that low permeabilities caused by the interaction between the organic, inorganic and biologic components of the clay size fraction play a major role in determining organic matter preservation on continental margins. (C) Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 SEAPROBE INC, PICAYUNE, MS 39529 USA. UNIV NEW ORLEANS, DEPT BIOL SCI, NEW ORLEANS, LA 70148 USA. USN, RES LAB, STENNIS SPACE CTR, MS 39529 USA. RP Ransom, B (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, SCRIPPS INST OCEANOG, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA. NR 40 TC 114 Z9 129 U1 2 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0025-3227 J9 MAR GEOL JI Mar. Geol. PD APR PY 1997 VL 138 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1016/S0025-3227(97)00012-1 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA XJ245 UT WOS:A1997XJ24500001 ER PT J AU Ratcliffe, T Kennell, C AF Ratcliffe, T Kennell, C TI SWATH golf club hull flow studies SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY AND SNAME NEWS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Meeting of the Chesapeake Section of the Society-of-Naval-Architects-and-Marine-Engineers CY NOV 07, 1995 CL CHESAPEAKE, MD SP Soc Naval Archtects & Marine Engineers, Chesapeake Sect AB Analytical and experimental results are presented from an exploratory investigation of the flow phenomena encountered with golf club SWATH designs. The focus of this work is testing done on three closely related SWATH models with common hulls and strut waterplane shapes. The models are constructed to allow testing of the hulls in three athwartship positions: a full golf club, a conventional SWATH and an intermediate partial golf club. Traditional measured data augmented by flow visualization information are used to identify flow phenomena present In addition to the test program, supporting calculations were made with advanced hydrodynamic flow codes to assess these analytic teals and provide insight into flow phenomena encountered. RP Ratcliffe, T (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DAVID TAYLOR MODEL BASIN,CARDEROCK DIV,BETHESDA,MD 20084, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NAVAL ARCH MARINE ENG PI JERSEY CITY PA 601 PAVONIA AVENUE, JERSEY CITY, NJ 07306 SN 0025-3316 J9 MAR TECHNOL SNAME N JI Mar. Technol. Sname News PD APR PY 1997 VL 34 IS 2 BP 125 EP 135 PG 11 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA WX215 UT WOS:A1997WX21500012 ER PT J AU Woodhead, S AF Woodhead, S TI Mary J Nielubowicz Award - Bringing nurses on-line: Implementing nursing informatics SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Processing the vast amount of information required to provide quality nursing and health care today is an immense task. The Surgeon General of the Navy recently updated the Department's ''Vision for the Future.'' He challenged Navy medicine to become a leader in technology integration. Shifting toward a managed-care environment makes it imperative for health care organizations and their personnel to integrate data, information, and systems at all levels. Implementation of a coordinator to assist nursing users with this technology is proving essential. This essay describes how one nursing directorate at a Naval hospital implemented a full-time staff member as Nursing Informatics Coordinator to serve in this role, Receiving and using data and information in the practice of nursing is vital to the profession, Specific factors identifying the reasons for development of this role, impact achieved, opportunities encountered, and the future of the position are addressed. RP Woodhead, S (reprint author), USN,HOSP PENSACOLA,NURSING SERV DEPT,6000 W HIGHWAY 98,PENSACOLA,FL 32512, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 1997 VL 162 IS 4 BP 229 EP 232 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WU281 UT WOS:A1997WU28100004 PM 9110544 ER PT J AU Gallagher, CK Lall, R Johnson, WB AF Gallagher, CK Lall, R Johnson, WB TI Contraceptive knowledge, contraceptive use, and self-esteem among navy personnel SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PREGNANCY; BEHAVIOR AB This study evaluated the sexual knowledge (including contraceptive and reproductive knowledge), contraceptive use, and self-esteem among a sample of 158 male and female United States Navy sailors assigned to Navy ships, In spite of the fact that men and women viewed themselves as relatively knowledgeable with respect to contraception, results showed substantial knowledge deficits. Women demonstrated significantly greater sexual knowledge than men, and contraceptive/reproductive knowledge was highly correlated with self-reported use of contraceptives, Finally, self-esteem was highly correlated with sexual knowledge and certain contraceptive use behaviors. RP Gallagher, CK (reprint author), USN,MED CLIN,BOX 121,HONOLULU,HI 96860, USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 1997 VL 162 IS 4 BP 288 EP 291 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WU281 UT WOS:A1997WU28100017 PM 9110557 ER PT J AU Venkataraman, BV Ravishankar, HN Rao, AVS Kalyani, P Sharada, G Namboodiri, K Gabor, B Ramasarma, T AF Venkataraman, BV Ravishankar, HN Rao, AVS Kalyani, P Sharada, G Namboodiri, K Gabor, B Ramasarma, T TI Decavanadate possesses alpha-adrenergic agonist activity and a structural motif common with trans-beta form of noradrenaline SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE decavanadate; alpha-adrenergic receptor; noradrenaline; aortic contraction ID VANADATE-INDUCED CONTRACTION; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; STIMULATED NADH OXIDATION; SMOOTH-MUSCLE; PLASMA-MEMBRANES; GUINEA-PIG; RAT; SODIUM; V-51; MITOCHONDRIA AB Decavanadate, an inorganic polymer of vanadate, produced contraction of rat aortic rings at a relatively high concentration compared to phenylephrine, an agonist of alpha-adrenergic receptor. This effect was blocked by two known alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonists, prazosin and phenoxybenzamine. Decavanadate, formed by possible dimerization of V-5 under acid conditions, possessed a structural feature of two pairs of unshared oxygen atoms at a distance of 3.12 Angstrom, not found in its constituents of V-4 or V-5. A structural motif of O..O..O using such oxygen atoms is recognized in decavanadate. This matches with a similar motif of N..O..O that uses the essential amino and hydroxyl groups of the side-chain and the m-hydroxyl group in trans-beta form of noradrenaline. The interaction of such a structural motif with the membrane receptor is likely to be the basis of the unusual noradrenaline-mimic action of decavanadate. C1 INDIAN INST SCI,DEPT BIOCHEM,BANGALORE 560012,KARNATAKA,INDIA. ST JOHNS MED COLL,DEPT PHARMACOL,BANGALORE 560034,KARNATAKA,INDIA. USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RI HN, Ravishankar/Q-1023-2016 NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0300-8177 J9 MOL CELL BIOCHEM JI Mol. Cell. Biochem. PD APR PY 1997 VL 169 IS 1-2 BP 27 EP 36 DI 10.1023/A:1006882408983 PG 10 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA WP479 UT WOS:A1997WP47900004 PM 9089628 ER PT J AU Dick, SJ AF Dick, SJ TI Science or antiscience? SO NATURAL HISTORY LA English DT Article RP Dick, SJ (reprint author), USN OBSERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20392, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MUSEUM NAT HISTORY PI NEW YORK PA ATTN: LIBRARY SERIALS UNIT CENTRAL PK WEST AT 79TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10024-5192 SN 0028-0712 J9 NAT HIST JI Nat. Hist. PD APR PY 1997 VL 106 IS 3 BP 6 EP 7 PG 2 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA WP924 UT WOS:A1997WP92400006 ER PT J AU Golden, JP Saaski, EW ShriverLake, LC Anderson, GP Ligler, FS AF Golden, JP Saaski, EW ShriverLake, LC Anderson, GP Ligler, FS TI Portable multichannel fiber optic biosensor for field detection SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE biosensor; evanescent wave; fluorescence; fiber bundle ID EVANESCENT-WAVE AB A compact, portable fiber optic biosensor is developed that enables monitoring of up to four fiber optic probes simultaneously. The sensor employs a novel optical fiber bundle jumper for exciting and collecting fluorescence emission from the evanescent wave fiber optic probes. A single fiber in the center of the bundle couples laser excitation into the sensor probe, while the surrounding fibers collect the returning fluorescent emission light. This design requires no beamsplitter, enabling the detection optics and control circuitry to be reduced to a 4x6 in. circuit card. Four of these cards are integrated into a single portable system. Results from detection assays for hazardous biological agents and an environmental pollutant are shown. (C) 1997 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 RES INT,WOODINVILLE,WA 98072. RP Golden, JP (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI ENGN,CODE 6900,4555 OVERLOOK AVE,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Anderson, George/D-2461-2011 OI Anderson, George/0000-0001-7545-9893 NR 14 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 7 PU SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD APR PY 1997 VL 36 IS 4 BP 1008 EP 1013 DI 10.1117/1.601146 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA WU540 UT WOS:A1997WU54000005 ER PT J AU Chen, VC AF Chen, VC TI Applications of time-frequency processing to radar imaging SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Wavelet Applications III Conference CY APR 08-12, 1996 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE Doppler frequency; radar images; Fourier transform; time-frequency transforms ID SCATTERING AB Due to the time-varying behavior of the Doppler frequency of radar returns, and due to the multiple backscattering behavior of radar targets, the resolution of radar images can be significantly degraded and those images may be blurred. Conventional radar processors use the Fourier transform to retrieve Doppler information. To use the Fourier transform properly, some restrictions must be applied: the scatterers must remain in their range cells and their Doppler frequency shifts should be stationary during the entire imaging time. However, due to a target's complex motion, the Doppler frequency shifts will be time-varying. Therefore, the Doppler spectrum obtained from the Fourier transform will be smeared, and, the radar image will be blurred. However, the restrictions of the Fourier transform can be lifted if the Doppler information is retrieved with a time-frequency transform that does not require a stationary Doppler spectrum. The image blurring problem caused by time-varying Doppler frequency shifts can be solved without resorting to sophisticated motion-compensation techniques. By replacing the conventional Fourier transform with a time-frequency transform, a 2-D range-Doppler Fourier frame becomes a 3-D time-range-Doppler cube. By sampling in time, a time sequence of 2-D range-Doppler images can be viewed. Individual, time-sampled images from the cube provide superior image resolution. When targets contain cavities or duct-type structures, these structures' scattering mechanisms appear in radar images as blurred ''clouds'' extending in range. It is beneficial to incorporate the time-frequency transform into range profiles of the radar image. By so doing ''clouds'' can be removed and structure resonance frequencies identified. (C) 1997 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. RP Chen, VC (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 20 TC 12 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD APR PY 1997 VL 36 IS 4 BP 1152 EP 1161 DI 10.1117/1.601304 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA WU540 UT WOS:A1997WU54000024 ER PT J AU Oliver, JS AF Oliver, JS TI Russian escape hatch SO PHOTONICS SPECTRA LA English DT Letter RP Oliver, JS (reprint author), USN,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LAURIN PUBL CO INC PI PITTSFIELD PA BERKSHIRE COMMON PO BOX 1146, PITTSFIELD, MA 01202 SN 0731-1230 J9 PHOTON SPECTRA JI Photon. Spect. PD APR PY 1997 VL 31 IS 4 BP 12 EP 12 PG 1 WC Optics SC Optics GA WT869 UT WOS:A1997WT86900004 ER PT J AU Dougherty, RW Langworthy, JB Saenz, AW AF Dougherty, RW Langworthy, JB Saenz, AW TI Energies, intensities, and polarizations of channeling radiation in the axial-to-planar channeling transition region SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID MEV ELECTRONS; SILICON AB We have investigated numerically the energies, intensities, and polarizations of channeling radiation (CR) photons emitted by relativistic electrons traversing Si and Ni crystals in the transition region from axial to planar channeling. Our work is based on the two-dimensional continuum model commonly used to describe axial channeling in crystals; it is a detailed numerical study of these CR properties embracing this entire region. More specifically, we calculated these properties of CR from 4-MeV electrons in Si as they underwent the transition from axial channeling along the [110] direction to planar channeling by the (100) planes, and in Ni in the transition from axial channeling along this direction to planar channeling by the (001) planes. The two-dimensional model correctly reproduces the experimentally observed planar CR photon energies in both cases, and also correctly predicts that the planar CR is plane polarized. In the transition region, our calculations predict the occurrence of complicated irregular oscillations of the photon energies corresponding to the strongest radiative transitions, and predict even larger oscillations of the intensities of such transitions. This oscillatory behavior could possibly be detected experimentally. C1 CATHOLIC UNIV AMER,DEPT PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20064. RP Dougherty, RW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6693,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD APR PY 1997 VL 55 IS 4 BP 2888 EP 2895 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.55.2888 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA WT252 UT WOS:A1997WT25200053 ER PT J AU Merz, M Nucker, N Pellegrin, E Schweiss, P Schuppler, S Kielwein, M Knupfer, M Golden, MS Fink, J Chen, CT Chakarian, V Idzerda, YU Erb, A AF Merz, M Nucker, N Pellegrin, E Schweiss, P Schuppler, S Kielwein, M Knupfer, M Golden, MS Fink, J Chen, CT Chakarian, V Idzerda, YU Erb, A TI X-ray absorption spectroscopy of detwinned PrxY1-xBa2Cu3O7-y, single crystals: Electronic structure and hole distribution SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; NORMAL-STATE PROPERTIES; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; CORRELATED SYSTEMS; COMPOUND SYSTEM; SPECTRAL-WEIGHT; PHASE-DIAGRAM; Y1-XPRXBA2CU3O7-DELTA; PR; PRBA2CU3O7 AB Substituting Y in orthorhombic (Y,R)Ba2Cu3O7 by any rare-earth element R has generally little effect on the superconducting properties. For R = Pr, however, superconductivity is completely suppressed, To understand this effect we have studied the unoccupied electronic structure of PrxY1-xBa2Cu3O7-y (x = 0.0, 0.3, 0.8) using polarization-dependent O 1s near-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy of detwinned single crystals. We identify the hole states in the CuO2 planes and the CuO3 chains and give estimates of the relative contributions of the O 2p(x), O 2p(y), and O 2p(z) orbitals to these states, Along with the comparison of oxygen-rich (y approximate to 0.1) to the oxygen-depleted materials (y approximate to 0.9), this allows a test of the current theoretical explanations for the Pr-induced suppression of superconductivity. While we can rule out models involving hole filling or charge transfer between the planes and the chains, our data are consistent with approaches based on Pr 4f-O 2p(pi) hybridization. C1 INST FESTKORPER & WERKSTOFFORSCH DRESDEN,D-01171 DRESDEN,GERMANY. SYNCHROTRON RADIAT RES CTR,HSINCHU 300,TAIWAN. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. UNIV GENEVA,DEPT PHYS MAT CONDENSEE,CH-1211 GENEVA,SWITZERLAND. RP Merz, M (reprint author), FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE,INFP,POB 3640,D-76021 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. RI Golden, Mark/D-3469-2011; Erb, Andreas/F-2210-2010; Fink, Joerg/A-6003-2012 NR 66 TC 90 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR 1 PY 1997 VL 55 IS 14 BP 9160 EP 9172 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.55.9160 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WW802 UT WOS:A1997WW80200077 ER PT J AU Pickett, WE Singh, DJ AF Pickett, WE Singh, DJ TI Chemical disorder and charge transport in ferromagnetic manganites SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETORESISTANCE; TRANSITION; FILMS AB Disorder broadening due to randomly distributed La3+ and A(2+) (A=Ca,Sr,Ba) cations is combined with a virtual-crystal treatment of the average system to evaluate the effects on both majority and minority transport in the ferromagnetic La(2/3)A(1/3)MnO(3) system. The low-density minority carriers which lie in the band tail are localized by disorder, while the majority carriers retain long mean free paths reflected in the observed strongly metallic conductivity. In addition to obtaining transport parameters, we provide evidence that local distortions are due to nearby ionic charges rather than to ion size considerations. RP Pickett, WE (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RI Singh, David/I-2416-2012 NR 26 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR 1 PY 1997 VL 55 IS 14 BP R8642 EP R8645 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WW802 UT WOS:A1997WW80200007 ER PT J AU Webber, GA Handler, RA Sirovich, L AF Webber, GA Handler, RA Sirovich, L TI Karhunen-Loeve decomposition of minimal channel flow SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID TURBULENT BOUNDARY-LAYER; NEAR-WALL REGION; REYNOLDS-NUMBER AB Minimal channel flow is analyzed by means of the Karhunen-Loeve (KL) decomposition. It is shown that the most energetic modes are streamwise rollers followed by outward tilted quasi-streamwise vortices. Both of these mode types have a strong similarity to structures seen in physical experiments. Temporal plots of roll energy, propagating energy, bulk velocity, and representational entropy have been obtained. Study of the evolution of these variables shows a consistent pattern of growth and decay in which entropy plays a key role in describing the events in the turbulent process. The roll and propagating modes are also shown to make independent contributions to the Reynolds stress with the roll modes dominating the profile near the walls and the propagating modes having larger values towards the channel center. A comparison of the KL dimension of this flow and a full channel flow shows that the dimension scales with box size, i.e., it confirms the assertion that dimension is an extensive variable. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Webber, GA (reprint author), BROWN UNIV,CTR FLUID MECH,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912, USA. NR 39 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD APR PY 1997 VL 9 IS 4 BP 1054 EP 1066 DI 10.1063/1.869323 PG 13 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA WQ094 UT WOS:A1997WQ09400024 ER PT J AU Marrian, CRK AF Marrian, CRK TI Special issue on nanometer-scale science and technology SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Editorial Material RP Marrian, CRK (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9219 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD APR PY 1997 VL 85 IS 4 BP 483 EP 485 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA WX055 UT WOS:A1997WX05500001 ER PT J AU Snow, ES Campbell, PM Perkins, FK AF Snow, ES Campbell, PM Perkins, FK TI Nanofabrication with proximal probes SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Article DE lithography; MIM devices; semiconductor device fabrication ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPE; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYER; FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; SILICON 100 SURFACES; CONDUCTANCE QUANTIZATION; DISSOCIATIVE ATTACHMENT; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; METALLIC NANOWIRES; SI NANOSTRUCTURES AB In this paper we describe the use of proximal probes, such as the atomic force microscope (AFM) and the scanning tunneling microscope (STM), for nanofabrication. A resistless proximal probe-based lithographic technique has been developed that uses the local electric field of an STM or conductive AFM tip that is operated in air to selectively oxidize regions of a sample surface. The resulting oxide, typically 1-10 run thick, can be used either as a mask for selective etching or to directly modify device properties by patterning insulating oxides on thin conducting layers. In addition to this resistless approach, we also describe the use of the STM/AFM to modify the chemical functionality of self-assembling monolayer films. Such modified films are used as a template for the selective electroless plating of metal films. The above processes are fast, simple to perform, and well suited for device fabrication. We apply the anodic oxidation process to the fabrication of both semiconductor and metal-oxide devices. In these latter structures, sub-10 nm-sized device features are easily achieved, and we describe the fabrication of the smallest possible device, a single, atomic-sized metallic paint contact by using in situ-controlled AFM oxidation. RP USN, RES LAB, DIV ELECT SCI & TECHNOL, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 85 TC 54 Z9 56 U1 2 U2 13 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9219 EI 1558-2256 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD APR PY 1997 VL 85 IS 4 BP 601 EP 611 DI 10.1109/5.573744 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA WX055 UT WOS:A1997WX05500009 ER PT J AU Baselt, DR Lee, GU Hansen, KM Chrisey, LA Colton, RJ AF Baselt, DR Lee, GU Hansen, KM Chrisey, LA Colton, RJ TI A high-sensitivity micromachined biosensor SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Article DE biomedical transducers; magnetic forces; magnetic materials, devices; magnetic transducers; microelectromechanical devices; piezoresistive materials, devices ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPE; DNA AB The Force Amplified Biological Sensor (FABS) is a desktop or portable instrument currently under development at the Naval Research Laboratory. FABS will use a rapid automated immunoassay to detect analytes such as proteins, viruses, and bacteria. The assay uses forces produced by micron-sized magnetic particles to pull on antibody-antigen bonds. Microfabricated piezoresistive cantilevers measure the resulting piconewton-level forces with sufficient sensitivity to detect single antibody-antigen bonds. These forces also serve to characterize the bonds, allowing FABs to distinguish specific antibody-antigen bonds from nonspecific interactions. C1 GEOCENTERS INC, FT WASHINGTON, MD 20375 USA. RP Baselt, DR (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RI Lee, Gil/P-8696-2016 OI Lee, Gil/0000-0002-7949-5848 NR 40 TC 101 Z9 101 U1 1 U2 16 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9219 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD APR PY 1997 VL 85 IS 4 BP 672 EP 680 DI 10.1109/5.573755 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA WX055 UT WOS:A1997WX05500014 ER PT J AU Murray, JN AF Murray, JN TI Electrochemical test methods for evaluating organic coatings on metals: An update .1. Introduction and generalities regarding electrochemical testing of organic coatings SO PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS LA English DT Review DE organic coating; electrochemical testing ID PIGMENT VOLUME CONCENTRATION; IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY DATA; COATED STEEL; PAINT FILMS; CORROSION-RESISTANCE; PROTECTIVE COATINGS; WATER-UPTAKE; PERFORMANCE; DETERIORATION; DEGRADATION AB The status of evaluating organic coated metals utilizing electrochemical means was reviewed for the period of 1988-1994. The general improvements in the overall technology are presented in three sections. Part I covers the test cell configurations, changes in testing approaches and a brief survey of measurement equipment. Part II presents the test methods involving a single test parameter such as the panel potential relative to a reference electrode, electrochemical voltage and/or current noise, as well as the de resistance of the coating on the metal substrate. Multiple test parameter measurements such as potentiodynamic curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy are covered in Part III. Although the majority of data were taken from the literature, some supplementary data are included from NSWCCD studies. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A. RP Murray, JN (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CARDEROCK DIV,CORROS BRANCH,CODE 613,BETHESDA,MD 20084, USA. NR 84 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 6 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0300-9440 J9 PROG ORG COAT JI Prog. Org. Coat. PD APR PY 1997 VL 30 IS 4 BP 225 EP 233 DI 10.1016/S0300-9440(96)00677-7 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA XM978 UT WOS:A1997XM97800004 ER PT J AU Henden, AA Honeycutt, RK AF Henden, AA Honeycutt, RK TI Secondary photometric standards for northern cataclysmic variables and related objects SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article ID CATALOG; ATLAS AB An average of 30 B,V secondary standards per field have been established for 76 variable stars. These are mostly cataclysmic variables of various subclasses but also include a variety of other kinds of variable stars. The standards are within a few arcminutes of the variable and are therefore well suited for CCD photometry. The standards have brightnesses of V similar to 12-17 and have a typical accuracy per standard of +/-0.01 mag. C1 INDIANA UNIV, DEPT ASTRON, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47405 USA. RP Henden, AA (reprint author), USN OBSERV, USRA, FLAGSTAFF STN, POB 1149, FLAGSTAFF, AZ 86002 USA. NR 10 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6280 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD APR PY 1997 VL 109 IS 734 BP 441 EP 460 DI 10.1086/133901 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WV788 UT WOS:A1997WV78800002 ER PT J AU Buizza, R Gelaro, R Molteni, F Palmer, TN AF Buizza, R Gelaro, R Molteni, F Palmer, TN TI The impact of increased resolution on predictability studies with singular vectors SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE ensemble forecasts; initial errors; instabilities; numerical weather prediction; synoptic-scale predictability; upscale energy cascade ID PERTURBATIONS; DISTURBANCES; INSTABILITY; SENSITIVITY; CIRCULATION; ATMOSPHERE; EVOLUTION; GROWTH AB The dominant singular vectors of the tangent propagator of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) numerical weather-prediction model are an essential component of the ECMWF Ensemble Prediction System (EPS). These singular vectors describe the principal finite-time linear instabilities of the northern extratropical atmospheric circulation. The impact of increasing the horizontal resolution of the tangent model from T21 to T42 on three different types of initial perturbation, which make use of these singular vectors, is considered. The increase of resolution allows the possibility of describing more accurately instabilities with an upscale cascade of energy from subsynoptic to synoptic scales. Two of the perturbations are referred to as the pseudo-inverse and sensitivity vectors. These are both diagnostic, and involve estimating from the short-range forecast error the component of initial error in the unstable subspace. The third type of perturbation is used to construct the set of initial states for the ensemble prediction scheme. Linear and nonlinear integrations are described using these different types of perturbation. All the results point to the conclusion that the higher-resolution calculations lead to more accurate results. Specifically, it is shown that significant amounts of energy in the pseudo-inverse and sensitivity vectors reside in scales smaller than T21, and that the skill of the EPS is improved when generating the initial perturbations using T42 singular vectors. This is found to be especially true in a number of cases when the control forecast was particularly poor. As a consequence, the predictability of synoptic-scale disturbances in the atmosphere on time-scales of a few days is likely to be determined by errors in the initial state on subsynoptic scales. In addition to these conclusions, it is proved that the analysis of the relationship between the EPS and the pseudo-inverse perturbations can be used to define the initial amplitude of the EPS perturbations. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Buizza, R (reprint author), EUROPEAN CTR MEDIUM RANGE WEATHER FORECASTS,SHINFIELD PK,READING RG2 9AX,BERKS,ENGLAND. OI Palmer, Tim/0000-0002-7121-2196 NR 23 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 4 PU ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI READING PA 104 OXFORD ROAD, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 7LJ SN 0035-9009 J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. PD APR PY 1997 VL 123 IS 540 BP 1007 EP 1033 PN B PG 27 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA XB534 UT WOS:A1997XB53400010 ER PT J AU Russell, TP Piermarini, GJ AF Russell, TP Piermarini, GJ TI A high pressure optical cell utilizing single crystal cubic zirconia anvil windows SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID DIAMOND CELL; KBAR AB A high pressure optical cell capable of producing pressures up to 13.2 GPa using gem-cut single crystal cubic zirconia (CZ) anvils was developed. Maximum pressures obtainable were found to depend upon the particular pressure transmitting medium and gasket material employed. The cubic zirconia anvil high pressure cell (CZAC) provides advantages over the diamond anvil cell in optical and infrared spectroscopy while still maintaining a substantial pressure capability. To demonstrate these advantages, microRaman, optical fluorescence, and infrared absorption measurements were made on diamond, ruby, and 1,3,5-trinitrohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine samples, respectively, using the CZAC cell under high pressure conditions. C1 NIST,MAT SCI & ENGN LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP Russell, TP (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,CODE 6110,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 17 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD APR PY 1997 VL 68 IS 4 BP 1835 EP 1840 DI 10.1063/1.1147955 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA WV617 UT WOS:A1997WV61700038 ER PT J AU Pruner, L AF Pruner, L TI Kinotavr 1996 + Russian Open and International Film Festival in Sochi: An end and a new beginning SO RUSSIAN REVIEW LA English DT Article RP Pruner, L (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OHIO STATE UNIV PRESS PI COLUMBUS PA 1050 CARMACK RD, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 SN 0036-0341 J9 RUSS REV JI Russ. Rev. PD APR PY 1997 VL 56 IS 2 BP 294 EP 298 DI 10.2307/131663 PG 5 WC History SC History GA WT701 UT WOS:A1997WT70100013 ER PT J AU McKenna, TM Fan, SX Li, SH AF McKenna, TM Fan, SX Li, SH TI Lipopolysaccharide-responsive protein kinase C isotypes in the adult rat aorta SO SHOCK LA English DT Article ID SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; OXIDE SYNTHASE ACTIVITY; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; PHORBOL ESTERS; EXPRESSION; ALPHA; ACTIVATION; INDUCTION; DIFFERENTIATION; ISOFORMS AB Previous studies have shown that protein kinase C (PKC) activity increases in cardiovascular tissue exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The objective of these experiments was to identify the PKC isotypes that respond to LPS treatment in the adult rat aorta. We found that PKC alpha, -delta, -epsilon, and -zeta isotypes are present in endothelium-intact aortas. The PKC alpha and -epsilon isotypes show two- to threefold increases in abundance after 3 h treatment with 100 ng/mL LPS, while PKC delta and -zeta levels do not increase. In contrast, mRNA for all of the PKC isotypes increased 3.5 to 12-fold during LPS treatment. Both PKC isotype and mRNA levels gradually diminished during 20 h of continuous LPS exposure. Concurrent treatment of the vessels with LPS plus 50 mu M cycloheximide caused PKC alpha, -epsilon, and -zeta, but not -delta, isotypes to rapidly decrease in abundance while blunting the increase in PKC isotype mRNA. The major source for all of the PKC isotypes in the vessel is the vascular smooth muscle cells. These results indicate that LPS treatment induces time-dependent increases in PKC isotype mRNA expression and isotype-specific PKC activation and synthesis in vascular tissue. RP McKenna, TM (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,RESUSCITAT MED RES PROGRAM,CODE 623,8901 WISCONSIN AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMEDICAL PRESS PI AUGUSTA PA 1021 15TH ST, BIOTECH PARK STE 9, AUGUSTA, GA 30901 SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD APR PY 1997 VL 7 IS 4 BP 269 EP 273 DI 10.1097/00024382-199704000-00005 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA WT636 UT WOS:A1997WT63600005 PM 9110412 ER PT J AU Keenan, FP Foster, VJ Mohan, M Widing, KG AF Keenan, FP Foster, VJ Mohan, M Widing, KG TI Emission lines of Ni XVIII in the solar EUV spectrum SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID XUV OBSERVATIONS; COMPACT FLARE; NA-LIKE; RATIOS; SUN; SKYLAB; DIAGNOSTICS; STRENGTHS AB Using electron excitation rates calculated with the R-matrix code, theoretical Ni XVIII electron-temperature-sensitive emission line ratios are presented for R(1) = I(220.41 Angstrom)/I(320.56 Angstrom), R(2) = I(233.79 Angstrom)/I(320.56 Angstrom), and R(3) = 1(220.41 Angstrom)/I(292.00 Angstrom). A comparison of these with observational data for two solar flares, obtained by the Naval Research Laboratory's S082A slitless spectrograph on board Skylab, reveals good agreement between theory and observation for R(1) and R(2) in two spectra, which provides limited support for the accuracy of the atomic data adopted in the analysis. However, several of the measured ratios are much larger than theory predicts, which is probably due mainly to saturation of the strong 292.00 and 320.56 Angstrom lines on the photographic him used to record the S082A data. A comparison of our line ratio calculations with active region observations made by the Solar EUV Rocket Telescope and Spectrograph (SERTS) indicate that a feature at 236.335 Angstrom, identified as the Ni XVIII 3p P-2(3/2) - 3d D-2(3/2) transition in the SERTS data, is actually the Ar XIII 2s(2)p(2) P-3(0) - 2s2p(3) D-3(1) line. The potential usefulness of the Ni XVIII line ratios as electron temperature diagnostics tor the solar corona is briefy discussed. C1 UNIV DELHI,DEPT PHYS & ASTROPHYS,DELHI 110007,INDIA. USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Keenan, FP (reprint author), QUEENS UNIV BELFAST,DEPT PURE & APPL PHYS,BELFAST BT7 1NN,ANTRIM,NORTH IRELAND. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD APR PY 1997 VL 171 IS 2 BP 337 EP 343 DI 10.1023/A:1004982921726 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WT121 UT WOS:A1997WT12100008 ER PT J AU Rosenthal, MD AF Rosenthal, MD TI Shoulder savers: Alterations of traditional exercises SO STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING LA English DT Article ID REHABILITATION RP Rosenthal, MD (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,PORTSMOUTH,VA 23708, USA. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 SN 1073-6840 J9 STRENGTH COND JI Strength Cond. PD APR PY 1997 VL 19 IS 2 BP 7 EP 10 DI 10.1519/1073-6840(1997)019<0007:SSAOTE>2.3.CO;2 PG 4 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA WT901 UT WOS:A1997WT90100001 ER PT J AU McBride, WM AF McBride, WM TI The unstable dynamics of a strategic technology: Disarmament, unemployment, and the interwar battleship SO TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE LA English DT Review RP McBride, WM (reprint author), USN ACAD,HIST FAC,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 104 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0040-165X J9 TECHNOL CULT JI Technol. Cult. PD APR PY 1997 VL 38 IS 2 BP 386 EP 423 DI 10.2307/3107127 PG 38 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA XB940 UT WOS:A1997XB94000004 ER PT J AU Guha, S AF Guha, S TI Raman scattering and luminescence polarization anisotropy in porous Si SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium L: New Developments in Porous Silicon: Relation with other Nanostructures at the European-Materials-Society 1996 Spring Meeting CY JUN 04-07, 1996 CL STRASBOURG, FRANCE DE Raman scattering; luminescence polarization anisotropy; porosity ID SILICON; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE AB Polarization anisotropy of the phonon and luminescence bands are observed in porous Si of different porosity. The depolarization ratio r, defined as ((I-xy-I-xx)/(I-xx+I-xy)), of the t(2g) phonon (521 cm(-1)) peak in crystalline Si decreases from 1 to 0.1 with increasing porosity. This is attributed to the increasing disorder in high porosity films. On annealing the 70% porosity sample at higher temperatures in air, the value of rho decreases from 0.5 to 0.3 which is indicative of an increasing disorder in Si nanostructures. We believe that Si crystallites form a random network structure surrounded by a thick SiO2 matrix upon annealing, and the Si phonon mode becomes depolarized as it is observed in amorphous Si. A small (5%) excitation wavelength dependence of rho is detected. The luminescence polarization anisotropy is only detected (similar to 8%) at shorter excitation wavelengths. This indicates that the dipole created by the electron-hole pair gets randomly oriented possibly owing to the irregular shapes and sizes of the nanocrystallites; a phonon-mediated recombination of the exciton also depolarizes the emission. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A. RP Guha, S (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD APR 1 PY 1997 VL 297 IS 1-2 BP 102 EP 105 DI 10.1016/S0040-6090(96)09487-4 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA XG344 UT WOS:A1997XG34400024 ER PT J AU Gable, PS Le, DT Rapaport, SI AF Gable, PS Le, DT Rapaport, SI TI Protac, a commercially available protein C activator from the venom of Agkistrodon contortrix contortrix, can activate factor V and factor VIII SO THROMBOSIS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Protac; factor V; factor VIII ID ANTICOAGULANT; RESISTANCE; ASSAY; THROMBOPHILIA; SNAKE C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. USN,MED CTR,DEPT INTERNAL MED,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0049-3848 J9 THROMB RES JI Thromb. Res. PD APR 1 PY 1997 VL 86 IS 1 BP 79 EP 84 DI 10.1016/S0049-3848(97)00048-0 PG 6 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA XB210 UT WOS:A1997XB21000007 PM 9172290 ER PT J AU Kochel, T Wu, SJ Raviprakash, K Hobart, P Hoffman, S Porter, K Hayes, C AF Kochel, T Wu, SJ Raviprakash, K Hobart, P Hoffman, S Porter, K Hayes, C TI Inoculation of plasmids expressing the dengue-2 envelope gene elicit neutralizing antibodies in mice SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE dengue-2 virus; nucleic acid vaccine; neutralizing antibodies ID DNA-BASED IMMUNIZATION; RECOMBINANT VACCINIA; ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; STRUCTURAL PROTEINS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; PROTECTS MICE; INFLUENZA; VOLUNTEERS AB To develop a nucleic acid vaccine against dengue type-2 virus, the PreM and 92% of the envelope (E) genes were cloned into different eukaryotic plasmid expression vectors (pkCMVintPolyli and pVR1012). The resultant plasmid constructs (pD2ME and P1012D2ME) properly expressed the truncated E protein in vitro as evidenced by the expected protein size on SDS-PAGE and the ability, of the protein to be recognized by monoclonal antibodies directed against conformational epitopes. Three-week-old BALB/c mice were given intradermal inoculations of each construct. Plasmid expression vectors without dengue genes were used as controls. One hundred percent of the mice that received the pD2ME and p1012D2ME constructs developed anti-dengue antibodies. These antibodies were shown to neutralize dengue type-2 virus in vitro. This is the first demonstration of the use of nucleic acid inoculation in the development of potential dengue virus vaccines. (C) 1997 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 VICAL INC,SAN DIEGO,CA. RP Kochel, T (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,DEPT INFECT DIS,8901 WISCONSIN AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 37 TC 73 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR PY 1997 VL 15 IS 5 BP 547 EP 552 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(97)00215-6 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA WW956 UT WOS:A1997WW95600014 PM 9160523 ER PT J AU Oyofo, BA AbdelSalam, SM Churilla, AM Wasfy, MO AF Oyofo, BA AbdelSalam, SM Churilla, AM Wasfy, MO TI Rapid and sensitive detection of Campylobacter spp. from chicken using the polymerase chain reaction SO ZENTRALBLATT FUR BAKTERIOLOGIE-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY VIROLOGY PARASITOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID JEJUNI; AMPLIFICATION; SAMPLES; MEDIA; STOOL; MEAT; COLI AB The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a target region in the flaA gene of C. coli VC167 flagellin was used to detect Campylobacter spp. in chicken without an enrichment culture. DNA extracted from 79 cloacal swabs from broiler chickens gave an amplification signal in the 450-bp region upon PCR. DNA extracted from 9 enteric and 6 non-enteric organisms included in the assay as negative controls failed to hybridize with the probe. Direct plating of all cloacal specimens on Campylobacter blood agar plates did not yield any growth. The PCR assay was sensitive enough to detect between 35-120 bacteria per PCR and thus provide a basis for detecting Campylobacter spp. in poultry. C1 USN,MED RES UNIT 3,RES SCI DEPT,ENTER MICROBIOL BRANCH,CAIRO,EGYPT. UNIV ALEXANDRIA,FAC MED,DEPT MICROBIOL,ALEXANDRIA,EGYPT. NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA VILLENGANG 2, D-07745 JENA, GERMANY SN 0934-8840 J9 ZBL BAKT-INT J MED M JI Zent.bl. Bakteriol.-Int. J. Med. Microbiol. Virol. Parasitol. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 1997 VL 285 IS 4 BP 480 EP 485 PG 6 WC Microbiology; Virology SC Microbiology; Virology GA WW888 UT WOS:A1997WW88800002 PM 9144908 ER PT J AU Krech, JH RosePehrsson, SL AF Krech, JH RosePehrsson, SL TI Detection of volatile organic compounds in the vapor phase using solvatochromic dye-doped polymers SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE sensors; polarity-sensitive dye; solvatochromic dye; polymer matrix ID CHEMICAL SENSORS; ENERGY RELATIONSHIPS; SOLVENT POLARITY; PI-STAR; SOLVATION; BETAINE; INDICATORS; PARAMETERS; COATINGS; SHIFTS AB The solvatochromic dye, Reichardt's Betaine [2,6-diphenyl-4-(2,4,6-triphenylpyridinio (RDye), was investigated for use in chemical sensing applications. The polarity-sensitive dye was incorporated into several polymer films of differing polarity and sorbent characteristics, and exposed to the headspace above a variety of solvents. Reversible and reproducible changes in the absorption maximum (lambda(max)) of RDye were observed for the series of vapors comprising a range of polarities. The polymers absorbed and concentrated the analyte vapors, thereby influencing the environment surrounding the dye embedded in the polymer. Comparison of the vapor/film results with those of RDye dissolved in the neat solvents were favorable. Methanol and ethanol vapors produced large blue shifts in lambda(max) (avg approximate to 103 and 63 nm, respectively) for most of the polymer films tested, while isopropanol, acetone, and some chlorinated hydrocarbons produced varying responses in the different films. Water, the most polar vapor tested, did not have much influence on lambda(max) in the films. This is attributed to RDye's low solubility in water and the hydrogen-bonded clustering of water in the films. Exposure of the films to vapors of binary methanol-water mixtures demonstrated that the dye molecules were preferentially solvated by methanol, indicating the detectability of polar vapors in humid environments. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 39 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD MAR 31 PY 1997 VL 341 IS 1 BP 53 EP 62 DI 10.1016/S0003-2670(96)00495-3 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA WU641 UT WOS:A1997WU64100006 ER PT J AU Rajagopal, AK AF Rajagopal, AK TI Action principle for nonequilibrium statistical dynamics based on the Lindblad density matrix evolution SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT FUNCTIONAL THEORY; QUANTUM BROWNIAN-MOTION; INTRINSIC DECOHERENCE; SYSTEMS; SEMIGROUPS; MECHANICS; FIELDS; STATES AB A time-dependent variational principle is constructed which gives the Liouville-von Neumann-Lindblad equation governing the time evolution between pure and mixed states. This construction, besides providing an efficient approximation scheme, leads to an underlying physical principle of stationary ''effective action'' for nonequilibrium statistical dynamics. Implications of these to nonisoentropic processes are briefly discussed by examining the Gaussian ansatz. The results are contrasted with those for the Markovian model of dissipation. (C) 1997 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. RP Rajagopal, AK (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 25 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD MAR 31 PY 1997 VL 228 IS 1-2 BP 66 EP 72 DI 10.1016/S0375-9601(97)00095-9 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA WR181 UT WOS:A1997WR18100012 ER PT J AU Priebe, CE Marchette, DJ Rogers, GW AF Priebe, CE Marchette, DJ Rogers, GW TI Semiparametric nonhomogeneity analysis SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PLANNING AND INFERENCE LA English DT Article DE borrowed strength; scan process; mixture model; profile likelihood; random field ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; MIXTURE-MODELS; CLASSIFICATION; TISSUE AB Let xi(x, w) be a 'piecewise stationary' random field, defined as an embedding of stationary random fields xi(i)(x, w) via the polytomous field m(x, w). The domain of definition is partitioned into disjoint regions R(i). Denote the marginals for each xi(i)(x, w) by alpha(i)(xi) so that xi(x, w) similar to alpha(i)(xi) for x is an element of R(i). Define homogeneity as the situation in which all the alpha(i) are identical versus nonhomogeneity in which there exist at least two regions with differing marginals. To perform a test of these hypotheses without assuming parametric structure for the alpha(i) or choosing a specific type of nonhomogeneity in the alternative requires estimates <(alpha)over cap>(i) for each region. However, the competing requirements of estimation without restrictive assumptions versus small-area investigation to determine the unknown locations of potential nonhomogeneities lead to an impasse which cannot easily be overcome and has led to a dichotomy of approaches - parametric versus nonparametric. This paper develops a borrowed strength methodology which can be used to improve upon the local estimates which are obtainable by either fully nonparametric methods or by simple parametric procedures. The approach involves estimating the marginals as a generalized mixture model, and the improvement derives from using all the observed data, borrowing strength from potentially dissimilar regions, to impose constraints on the local estimation problems. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, DEPT MATH SCI, BALTIMORE, MD 21218 USA. USN, CTR SURFACE WARFARE, DAHLGREN, VA 22448 USA. RI Priebe, Carey E./A-3305-2010 NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3758 EI 1873-1171 J9 J STAT PLAN INFER JI J. Stat. Plan. Infer. PD MAR 30 PY 1997 VL 59 IS 1 BP 45 EP 60 DI 10.1016/S0378-3758(96)00095-X PG 16 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA WP629 UT WOS:A1997WP62900004 ER PT J AU Karle, IL Ranganathan, D Haridas, V AF Karle, IL Ranganathan, D Haridas, V TI Molecular recognition: The demonstration of 1,3-bis[(pyrid-2-ylamino)carbonyl]adamantane as an exceptionally versatile assembler of one-dimensional motifs SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID BOND DIRECTED COCRYSTALLIZATION; HYDROGEN-BOND; SOLID-STATE; DICARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; DESIGN; COMPLEXES; CHEMISTRY; STRATEGIES; LIGANDS AB Syntheses and crystal structures of 1,3-bis[(pyrid-2-ylamino)carbonyl]adamantane (1) and its perchlorate salt, copper(II) complex, and 1:1 complexes with a large variety of simple and functionalized 1,omega-alkanedicarboxylic acids, HOOC-X-COOH [X=(CH2)(n), n=2, 3, 5, and 8; -CH2-CO (alpha-ketoglutaric acid); CH=CH (maleic acid)] are described. The molecule 1 exhibits remarkable adaptability with respect to the conformation of its two hydrogen-bonding subunits to suit the requirements of the assembling partners so as to generate persistently one-dimensional motifs, for example, infinite zig-zag ribbons with perchlorate ions and chains with both Cu(II) ions and dicarboxylic acids. C1 CSIR,REG RES LAB,BIOMOL RES UNIT,TRIVANDRUM 695019,KERALA,INDIA. RP Karle, IL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,STRUCT MATTER LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI V, haridas/K-2992-2012; TVM, NIIST/E-5132-2012 OI TVM, NIIST/0000-0002-5814-466X NR 39 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 1997 VL 119 IS 12 BP 2777 EP 2783 DI 10.1021/ja9623121 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WQ020 UT WOS:A1997WQ02000002 ER PT J AU Lindle, JR Bartoli, FJ Flom, SR Harter, AT Ratna, BR Shashidhar, R AF Lindle, JR Bartoli, FJ Flom, SR Harter, AT Ratna, BR Shashidhar, R TI Spatial resolution of the molecular alignment in electroclinic liquid crystals SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FIELD; CELLS AB Field induced deformations of the bookshelf geometry in electroclinic liquid crystals are investigated by means of spatially resolved phase retardation experiments. It is found that the triangular deformation model does not adequately describe the optical data, and underestimates the achievable device contrast ratios. To more correctly model the smectic layer deformation, it is necessary to consider a distribution of molecular directors within a stripe domain. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Lindle, JR (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV OPT SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Lindle, James/A-9426-2009 NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 24 PY 1997 VL 70 IS 12 BP 1536 EP 1538 DI 10.1063/1.118610 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WP199 UT WOS:A1997WP19900016 ER PT J AU Kang, JU Frankel, MY Huang, JW Kuech, TF AF Kang, JU Frankel, MY Huang, JW Kuech, TF TI Ultrafast carrier trapping in oxygen-doped metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy GaAs SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GROWTH; TEMPERATURE; ALXGA1-XAS; MOCVD; INP AB We have experimentally investigated the ultrafast carrier dynamics in GaAs grown by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy with an oxygen precursor. Using a time-resolved reflection ellipsometric technique, we measured the carrier-induced refractive and absorptive index changes as a function of oxygen and aluminum doping concentrations, The free carrier trapping time is inversely proportional to the aluminum-oxygen based complex concentration and can be as short as 300 fs. The material is also highly resistive and promises to be an excellent candidate for optoelectronic applications requiring short carrier lifetime and high dark isolation. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT CHEM ENGN,MADISON,WI 53706. RP Kang, JU (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV OPT SCI,CODE 5670,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Kang, Jin/A-3228-2010 NR 19 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 24 PY 1997 VL 70 IS 12 BP 1560 EP 1562 DI 10.1063/1.118616 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WP199 UT WOS:A1997WP19900024 ER PT J AU Russell, TP Allen, TM Gupta, YM AF Russell, TP Allen, TM Gupta, YM TI Time resolved optical spectroscopy to examine chemical decomposition of energetic materials under static high pressure and pulsed heating conditions SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE; LIQUID; LINE; CELL AB A new approach that permits real time (ns to mu s) investigation of condensed phase chemical reactions under extreme conditions of high pressure and high temperature is presented. Time resolved absorption and emission spectroscopy has been used in conjunction with a high pressure gem anvil cell to monitor chemical changes initiated by pulsed laser heating in statically compressed samples. Absorption measurements are presented for 3,6-trinitroethylaminetetrazine samples pressurized up to 4.0 GPa. Emission measurements are presented for aluminum/water combustion at pressures to 0.8 GPa. The experimental approach is also expected to be valuable for examining temperature induced changes in statically compressed inert materials. C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,SHOCK DYNAM CTR,PULLMAN,WA 99164. RP Russell, TP (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,CODE 6110,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 21 PY 1997 VL 267 IS 3-4 BP 351 EP 358 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(97)00106-1 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA WN570 UT WOS:A1997WN57000025 ER PT J AU Ewing, KJ Nau, G Bilodeau, T Dagenais, DM Bucholtz, F Aggarwal, ID AF Ewing, KJ Nau, G Bilodeau, T Dagenais, DM Bucholtz, F Aggarwal, ID TI Monitoring the absorption of organic vapors to a solid phase extraction medium - Applications to detection of trace volatile organic compounds by integration of solid phase absorbents with fiber optic Raman spectroscopy SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE extraction; Raman spectroscopy; organic vapour absorption; volatile organic compounds; fibre optics ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY AB By combining fiber optic Raman spectroscopy with a C-18 solid phase extraction medium, real time in situ detection of organic vapors is demonstrated. The response of the probe is fully reversible for benzene, trichloroethylene and carbon tetrachloride vapors. Because of the high degree of selectivity afforded by Raman spectroscopy, the composition of mixtures of the vapors can also be determined using the C-18 probe. The detection of ppm levels of benzene in water via headspace analysis using the C-18 probe is demonstrated. RP Ewing, KJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV OPT SCI,CODE 5603,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 10 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD MAR 20 PY 1997 VL 340 IS 1-3 BP 227 EP 232 DI 10.1016/S0003-2670(96)00489-8 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA WR158 UT WOS:A1997WR15800026 ER PT J AU Drake, JJ Laming, JM Widing, KG AF Drake, JJ Laming, JM Widing, KG TI Stellar coronal abundances .5. Evidence for the first ionization potential effect in alpha centauri SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE stars, abundances; stars, coronae; stars, individual (alpha Centauri); ultraviolet, stars ID EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET SPECTRUM; SOLAR TRANSITION REGION; ATOMIC DATA; FE-XIV; LINE-INTENSITIES; INTERSTELLAR HYDROGEN; OSCILLATOR-STRENGTHS; COLLISION STRENGTHS; LEVEL POPULATIONS; COOL STARS AB We present an analysis of the EUV spectrum of the nearby binary alpha Cen AB (G2 V, KO V), observed by the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer satellite (EUVE). Emission measure curves are constructed for elements with high and low first ionization potential (FIP) in order to investigate the coronal composition and determine whether or not a solar-like compositional fractionation mechanism ('' FIP effect'') is operating in the corona of alpha Cen. As pointed out in the recent analysis of the alpha Cen EUVE spectra by Mewe et al., the emission measure distribution is very much like that of the Sun. It peaks at log T similar to 6.3, has a minimum near log T similar to 5.5, and has a slope between these points of approximately 1.75 (EM proportional to T-7/4). The emission measure results for the different elements are not consistent with the underlying photospheric composition and indicate that the low-FIP elements are overabundant relative to the high-FIP elements by a factor of about 2. This result represents the first evidence of the FIP effect in solar-like stars with similar activity to that of the Sun. We also discuss the recently raised possibility that resonant scattering of line radiation might be important in EUV stellar spectra like that of alpha Cen. We conclude that this is unlikely and that the results of global plasma model-fitting techniques that have engendered this hypothesis have not taken into account the flux from spectral lines that are missing from current models of plasma radiative loss. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR EUV ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Drake, JJ (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,MS-70,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 86 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 1997 VL 478 IS 1 BP 403 EP 416 DI 10.1086/303755 PN 1 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WN497 UT WOS:A1997WN49700041 ER PT J AU Watkins, J Yurkovich, S AF Watkins, J Yurkovich, S TI Parameter set estimation algorithms for time-varying systems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONTROL LA English DT Article ID BOUNDED NOISE; IDENTIFICATION; UNCERTAINTY AB Parameter set estimation (PSE), a class of system identification schemes which aims at characterizing the uncertainty in the identification experiment, is philosophically different from traditional parameter estimation schemes which seek to identify a single point (model) in the parameter space. The literature has seen a good deal of attention paid to PSE techniques in recent years, primarily because it is projected that they will play a vital role in robust identification for control. An important step in current research along these lines is development of PSE algorithms for systems which are time varying in nature; this is particularly true if the identified model set is to be used in an adaptive setting, such as for gain scheduling or autotuning. In this paper, we extend an ellipsoid algorithm for PSE of time-invariant systems to time-varying systems. We show how knowledge of dependences in the parameter variations can be exploited to reduce the number of computations in the resulting algorithm. Finally, scalar bound inflation, a second strategy for PSE of time-varying systems, is optimized for volume, and a comparison of the two algorithms is made. C1 OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. RP Watkins, J (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT SYST ENGN,105 MARYLAND AVE,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0020-7179 J9 INT J CONTROL JI Int. J. Control PD MAR 20 PY 1997 VL 66 IS 5 BP 711 EP 731 DI 10.1080/002071797224513 PG 21 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA WQ748 UT WOS:A1997WQ74800004 ER PT J AU Hodes, ME Blank, CA Pratt, VM Morales, J Napier, J Dlouhy, SR AF Hodes, ME Blank, CA Pratt, VM Morales, J Napier, J Dlouhy, SR TI Nonsense mutation in exon 3 of the proteolipid protein gene (PLP) in a family with an unusual form of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease; proteolipid protein; nonsense mutation; X-linked spastic paraplegia ID LINKED SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA; DISORDER; VARIANT; LINKAGE AB Fire report a G-->A transition at nucleotide 431 of the proteolipid protein gene (PLP) results in a nonsense codon in a family with an unusual form of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD). The mutation, which creates a second AluI restriction site, results in a nonsense mutation in PLP, The clinical picture resembles somewhat that of X-linked spastic paraplegia (SPG), It differs from this and both the classical and connatal forms of PMD in that it is relatively mild in form, onset is delayed beyond age 2 years, nystagmus is absent, tremors are prominent, mental retardation is not severe, some patients show dementia or personality disorders, the disease is progressive rather than static in some, and several females show signs of disease. The nonsense mutation, which is in exon 3B, should block the synthesis of normal PLP but spare DM20, the isoform whose persistence has been associated with mild forms of PLP-associated disease in both humans and mice. (C) 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT PEDIAT,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. USN,MED CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,BETHESDA,MD 20814. UNIV MEDNET,CLEVELAND,OH. RP Hodes, ME (reprint author), INDIANA UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MED & MOL GENET,975 W WALNUT ST,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46202, USA. NR 24 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0148-7299 J9 AM J MED GENET JI Am. J. Med. Genet. PD MAR 17 PY 1997 VL 69 IS 2 BP 121 EP 125 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19970317)69:2<121::AID-AJMG2>3.0.CO;2-S PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA WL873 UT WOS:A1997WL87300002 PM 9056547 ER PT J AU Kang, JU Hamilton, CJ Aitchison, JS Stegeman, GI AF Kang, JU Hamilton, CJ Aitchison, JS Stegeman, GI TI Spatial soliton robustness against spatially anisotropic phase perturbations SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WAVE-GUIDES; OPTICAL FIBERS; ALGAAS AB We demonstrate experimentally that spatial solitons in AlGaAs waveguides are resilient against spatially anisotropic perturbations in their phase caused by introducing a wedge in the soliton propagation path. In agreement with numerical simulations, the solitons maintained their initial beam shape and width, independent of the fraction of the soliton beam intercepted by the wedge. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV GLASGOW,DEPT ELECT & ELECT ENGN,GLASGOW G12 8QQ,LANARK,SCOTLAND. UNIV CENT FLORIDA,CREOL,ORLANDO,FL 32816. RP Kang, JU (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 5670,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Kang, Jin/A-3228-2010 NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 17 PY 1997 VL 70 IS 11 BP 1363 EP 1365 DI 10.1063/1.118580 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WM924 UT WOS:A1997WM92400011 ER PT J AU Brady, RF AF Brady, RF TI In search of non-stick coatings SO CHEMISTRY & INDUSTRY LA English DT Article ID MUSSEL ADHESIVE PROTEIN; COPOLYMERS RP Brady, RF (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,COATINGS SECT,CODE 6123,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 23 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 3 PU SOC CHEMICAL INDUSTRY PI LONDON PA 14 BELGRAVE SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND SW1X 8PS SN 0009-3068 J9 CHEM IND-LONDON JI Chem. Ind. PD MAR 17 PY 1997 IS 6 BP 219 EP 222 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied SC Chemistry GA WP532 UT WOS:A1997WP53200010 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, P Siefring, CL Bernhardt, PA Haas, DG Baumback, MM AF Rodriguez, P Siefring, CL Bernhardt, PA Haas, DG Baumback, MM TI Frequency-shifted signature of the HF pump in the ionospheric focused heating experiment SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PARAMETRIC-INSTABILITIES; TURBULENCE; DENSITY; ARECIBO AB Ionospheric heating experiments have begun to examine interactions at altitudes where the heater HF wave frequency matches the local electron plasma frequency. We discuss the frequency-shifted signature observed by radiowave receivers on a rocket launched into the HF beam and approaching the interaction altitude. The frequency shifts associated with the upgoing (transmitted) and the downgoing (reflected) waves arise from the Doppler effect and changes in the wave vector. The characteristic spectral signature provides a method to locate the reflection altitude accurately. Generally, the ratio of intensities of upgoing and downgoing waves decreases as the reflection altitude is approached. RP Rodriguez, P (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAR 15 PY 1997 VL 24 IS 6 BP 635 EP 638 DI 10.1029/97GL00532 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA WN972 UT WOS:A1997WN97200004 ER PT J AU Regillo, CD Zhou, Q Custis, PH Morris, B Crain, D Dreher, AW AF Regillo, CD Zhou, Q Custis, PH Morris, B Crain, D Dreher, AW TI Indocyanine green angiography: A clinical comparison of scanning laser ophthalmoscope to fundus camera-based videodigital technology. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. LASER DIAGNOST TECHNOL INC,SAN DIEGO,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1997 VL 38 IS 4 BP 1580 EP 1580 PN 1 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA WN186 UT WOS:A1997WN18601577 ER PT J AU Kwun, R Pangilinan, R Moreira, L Kasetsuwan, N Sanchez, D Shah, S Schallhorn, S McDonnell, PJ AF Kwun, R Pangilinan, R Moreira, L Kasetsuwan, N Sanchez, D Shah, S Schallhorn, S McDonnell, PJ TI Variability of lamellar corneal flap thickness at different suction ring vacuum setting during keratomilieusis SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV SO CALIF,DOHENY EYE INST,LOS ANGELES,CA. USN,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1997 VL 38 IS 4 BP 1973 EP 1973 PN 1 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA WN186 UT WOS:A1997WN18601967 ER PT J AU Kasetsuwan, N Pangilinan, PT Moreira, LB Shah, SS Sanchez, D Schallhorn, S McDonnell, PJ AF Kasetsuwan, N Pangilinan, PT Moreira, LB Shah, SS Sanchez, D Schallhorn, S McDonnell, PJ TI Real-time intraocular pressure changes during keratomileusis SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV SO CALIF,DOHENY EYE INST,LOS ANGELES,CA. USN,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1997 VL 38 IS 4 BP 1974 EP 1974 PN 1 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA WN186 UT WOS:A1997WN18601968 ER PT J AU Schallhorn, SC Blanton, CL Kaupp, SE Reid, J Ginsburg, AP Sutphin, JS Pangilinan, RT McDonnell, PJ AF Schallhorn, SC Blanton, CL Kaupp, SE Reid, J Ginsburg, AP Sutphin, JS Pangilinan, RT McDonnell, PJ TI Night driving simulation as a functional test of visual performance after photorefractive keratectomy SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NAVAL MED CTR, SAN DIEGO, CA 90033 USA. INLAND EYE INST, COLTON, CA USA. NAVAL HLTH RES CTR, SAN DIEGO, CA USA. VIS SCI RES CORP, SAN RAMON, CA USA. UNIV IOWA, IOWA CITY, IA USA. DOHENY EYE INST, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1997 VL 38 IS 4 BP 2459 EP 2459 PN 1 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA WN186 UT WOS:A1997WN18602451 ER PT J AU Essock, EA Sinai, MJ Srinivasan, N DeFord, JK Krebs, WK AF Essock, EA Sinai, MJ Srinivasan, N DeFord, JK Krebs, WK TI Texture-based segmentation in real-world nighttime scenes SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV LOUISVILLE,DEPT PSYCHOL,LOUISVILLE,KY 40292. UNIV LOUISVILLE,DEPT OPHTHALMOL & VISUAL SCI,LOUISVILLE,KY 40292. USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT OPERAT RES,MONTEREY,CA 93940. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1997 VL 38 IS 4 BP 2991 EP 2991 PN 1 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA WN186 UT WOS:A1997WN18602983 ER PT J AU DeFord, JK Sinai, MJ Krebs, WK Srinivasan, N Essock, EA AF DeFord, JK Sinai, MJ Krebs, WK Srinivasan, N Essock, EA TI Perceptual organization of color and non-color nighttime real-world imagery SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV LOUISVILLE,DEPT PSYCHOL,LOUISVILLE,KY 40292. USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT OPERAT RES,MONTEREY,CA. UNIV LOUISVILLE,DEPT OPHTHALMOL & VISUAL SCI,LOUISVILLE,KY 40292. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1997 VL 38 IS 4 BP 2998 EP 2998 PN 1 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA WN186 UT WOS:A1997WN18602989 ER PT J AU Elliott, WR Shipman, DL Kavanagh, JT Sponsel, WE Ness, J AF Elliott, WR Shipman, DL Kavanagh, JT Sponsel, WE Ness, J TI Scanning laser measurements in Dorzolamide and placebo treated eyes: Arteriovenous passage times in large and small retinal vessels during hyper- and hypocapnia. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,MED RES INST DET,GEO CTR INC,LASER GRP,BROOKS AFB,TX. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. USA,MRD,WRAIR,BROOKS AFB,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1997 VL 38 IS 4 BP 3594 EP 3594 PN 2 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA WN215 UT WOS:A1997WN21500419 ER PT J AU Choplin, NT Lundy, DC Dreher, A AF Choplin, NT Lundy, DC Dreher, A TI Differentiating patients with ocular hypertension or open angle glaucoma from normals by nerve fiber layer thickness measurements with scanning laser polarimetry SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LASER DIAGNOST TECHNOL,SAN DIEGO,CA. USN,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1997 VL 38 IS 4 BP 3899 EP 3899 PN 2 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA WN215 UT WOS:A1997WN21500723 ER PT J AU Tanzer, DJ Sutphin, JE Schallhorn, SC Elizondo, DE Kaupp, SE Reid, JL AF Tanzer, DJ Sutphin, JE Schallhorn, SC Elizondo, DE Kaupp, SE Reid, JL TI A comparison between the tandem scanning confocal microscope and corneal topography in the detection of photorefractive keratectomy SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. UNIV IOWA,IOWA CITY,IA. USN,HLTH RES CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1997 VL 38 IS 4 BP 3948 EP 3948 PN 2 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA WN215 UT WOS:A1997WN21500772 ER PT J AU Shah, SS Kasetsuwan, N Moreira, LB Sanchez, D Schallhorn, S Kaupp, S McDonnell, PJ AF Shah, SS Kasetsuwan, N Moreira, LB Sanchez, D Schallhorn, S Kaupp, S McDonnell, PJ TI Reproducibility of measurements from corneal topographers SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV SO CALIF,DOHENY EYE INST,LOS ANGELES,CA. USN,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1997 VL 38 IS 4 BP 3970 EP 3970 PN 2 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA WN215 UT WOS:A1997WN21500794 ER PT J AU Beer, RD Jameson, KA Kaiwi, JL AF Beer, RD Jameson, KA Kaiwi, JL TI Empirical assessment of detection and classification performance with a two-dimensional color code. SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103. USN,NCCOSC,RDTE DIV,WASHINGTON,DC. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1997 VL 38 IS 4 BP 4176 EP 4176 PN 2 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA WN215 UT WOS:A1997WN21500999 ER PT J AU Kurumety, UR Lundy, DC Heuer, DK Minckler, DS Lee, PP Varma, R AF Kurumety, UR Lundy, DC Heuer, DK Minckler, DS Lee, PP Varma, R TI Comparison of the effectiveness of mitomycin C application before versus after trabeculectomy flap dissection SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV SO CALIF,SCH MED,DOHENY EYE INST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90033. USN,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1997 VL 38 IS 4 BP 4953 EP 4953 PN 2 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA WN215 UT WOS:A1997WN21501774 ER PT J AU Zhang, QM Su, J Kim, CH Ting, R Capps, R AF Zhang, QM Su, J Kim, CH Ting, R Capps, R TI An experimental investigation of electromechanical responses in a polyurethane elastomer SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FERROELECTRIC POLYMERS; ELECTROSTRICTION AB The electromechanical response of a polyurethane elastomer was investigated at room temperature and in the temperature range near its grass transition. It was found that the Maxwell stress contribution to the strain response can be significant at temperatures higher than the grass transition temperature. In addition, the material exhibits a very high electrostrictive coefficient Q, about two orders of magnitude higher than that of polyvinylidene fluoride. It was also found that in a polymeric material, the chain segment motions can be divided into those related to the polarization response and those related to the mechanical response and the overlap between the two yields the electromechanical response of the material. In general, the activation energies for different types of motion can be different, resulting in different relaxation times in the dielectric, the elastic compliance, and the electrostrictive data, as observed in the polyurethane elastomer investigated. The experimental results indicate that at the temperatures investigated, the activation energy for the mechanical related segment motions is higher than that of nonmechanical related segment motions. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN,RES LAB,UNDERWATER SOUND REFERENCE DETACHMENT,ORLANDO,FL 32856. CHONGJU UNIV,DEPT CHEM,CHONGJI 360764,SOUTH KOREA. RP Zhang, QM (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,MAT RES LAB,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA. NR 20 TC 100 Z9 102 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAR 15 PY 1997 VL 81 IS 6 BP 2770 EP 2776 DI 10.1063/1.363981 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WP167 UT WOS:A1997WP16700051 ER PT J AU Williams, BA Fleming, JW AF Williams, BA Fleming, JW TI Laser-induced fluorescence spectrum of the FCO radical SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID AB-INITIO; F-ATOMS; STATES; SPECTROSCOPY; CHEMISTRY; KINETICS; EMISSION AB Laser-induced fluorescence spectra of FCO are reported between 29 000 cm(-1) and 32 800 cm(-1) FCO was prepared by three separate procedures: photolysis of CF2O and C2F2O2, and photolysis of F-2 in the presence of CO. The observation of the same spectral features from all three production schemes confirms the assignment of FCO as the spectral carrier. Although the LIF spectrum lies in the same wavelength region as the UV absorption spectrum, the two spectra do not have the same appearance and so represent different upper states. The LIF spectrum is assigned as a transition to the A '' Renner-Teller component of a linear (2) Pi State predicted by ab initio calculations. The spectrum shows a progression of bands at approximately 430 cm(-1) intervals, in good agreement with the predicted spacing of bending levels in the (2) Pi state. The lower frequency stretching mode nu(1) occurs at approximately 960 cm(-1). The vibronic bands are strongly degraded to the red, consistent with the calculated geometry of the Linear state but not the bent A' state to which the absorption spectrum in this region is assigned. Resolved emission from the longest wavelength prominent bandhead at 29 872 cm(-1) shows progressions in the C-O stretch and bend modes of the ground state. The fluorescence lifetime of this band extrapolated to zero pressure is 95+/-4 ns, while that of the band at 31 136 cm(-1) is 63+/-5 ns. RP Williams, BA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,CODE 6185,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAR 15 PY 1997 VL 106 IS 11 BP 4376 EP 4382 DI 10.1063/1.473469 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA WM910 UT WOS:A1997WM91000002 ER PT J AU Shriver, JF Hurlburt, HE AF Shriver, JF Hurlburt, HE TI The contribution of the global thermohaline circulation to the Pacific to Indian Ocean throughflow via Indonesia SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID VERTICAL RESOLUTION; NORTH PACIFIC; WORLD OCEAN; MODEL; WATER; THERMOCLINE; SIMULATION; ALTIMETER; ORIGINATE; ISLAND AB World ocean simulations are used to investigate the pathways feeding the Indonesian throughflow as a function of depth, including the role of the global thermohaline (''conveyor belt'') circulation. The simulations use a horizontal resolution of 1/2 degrees for each variable and the vertical resolution ranges from 1.5-layer reduced gravity to six layers with realistic bottom topography. They are forced by the Hellerman and Rosenstein [1983] monthly wind stress climatology. Contrary to the classical theory of Stommel and Arons [1960], the Naval Research Laboratory model shows the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) region as the main region of abyssal to upper ocean water upwelling which compensates for the deep water formation in the far North Atlantic, a result corroborated by recent observational evidence [Toggweiler and Samuels, 1993]. We examine the contribution of the global conveyor belt circulation to the throughflow by systematically varying the model dynamics (e.g., by disabling the far North Atlantic ports which parameterize deep water formation in that region). The model simulations show a global conveyor belt circulation contribution of 5.7 Sv to the throughflow, a contribution provided mainly by wind-driven upwelling in the Indo-Pacific ACC region. This is due to a cooperative interaction between the thermohaline and wind-driven circulations. The thermohaline circulation makes the throughflow more surface trapped and less subject to topographic blocking in the Indonesian passageways, while the wind-driven circulation provides the Indonesian throughflow pathway for the thermohaline flow upwelled in the ACC region. Mean layer transport fields, cross-layer mass transfer fields, and Lagrangian tracers are used to identify pathways feeding the Pacific to Indian Ocean throughflow via Indonesia. Starting from the ACC, Sverdrup flow shows a circuitous route that is northward in the eastern South, Pacific, then westward in the South Equatorial Current (SEC). The SEC retroflects into the North Equatorial Countercurrent (NECC) followed by cyclonic flow around the Northern Tropical Gyre and into the North Equatorial Current (NEC), then into the Mindanao Current, the Sulawesi Sea, the Makassar Strait, and the Indian Ocean. The depth-integrated pathways from nonlinear simulations show the retroflection from the SEC into the NECC as a secondary route and retroflection into the Equatorial Undercurrent (EUC) as the primary route. The EUC connects with the NECC by westward and then northward flow on the northside of the EUC. The pathways as a function of depth can be presented in three layers: a surface layer, the layer containing the EUC, and layers below the EUC. In the top layer the EUC to NECC connection is via upwelling from the EUC in the central and east-central equatorial Pacific. Some of this upwelled water is returned to the EUC layer via downwelling at midlatitudes where it feeds into the NEC or SEC. Very little Water in the South Pacific EUC layer passes into the Indian Ocean without upwelling into the surface layer first. While the pathways in the top two layers are complex and strongly coupled and enter the Indonesian Archipelago from the northern hemisphere, below the EUC layer a very direct Pacific to Indian Ocean route is found: SEC-->Sulawesi Sea-->Makassar Strait. RP Shriver, JF (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 7323,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 54 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD MAR 15 PY 1997 VL 102 IS C3 BP 5491 EP 5511 DI 10.1029/96JC03602 PG 21 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA WN409 UT WOS:A1997WN40900001 ER PT J AU Ramp, SR McClean, JL Collins, CA Semtner, AJ Hays, KAS AF Ramp, SR McClean, JL Collins, CA Semtner, AJ Hays, KAS TI Observations and modeling of the 1991-1992 El Nino signal off central California SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID EQUATORIAL PACIFIC-OCEAN; COASTAL TRANSITION ZONE; WEST-COAST; SEA-LEVEL; NORTH-AMERICA; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; WATER MASSES; CURRENTS; CIRCULATION; SIMULATION AB Five research cruises were conducted over the continental shelf and slope near the Farallon Islands, California, in February, May, August, and October/November 1991 and February 1992. The observations consisted of shipboard hydrographic and acoustic Doppler current profiler data and moored current meter measurements. Water mass anomalies were calculated for each cruise by subtracting seasonal means based on historical data. In general, the maximum anomalies were observed subsurface in the 100-to 150-m range. In May 1991, equatorward, upwelling favorable winds elevated the thermocline resulting in cold, salty anomalies nearshore, with cold, fresh anomalies offshore associated with the advection of Pacific Subarctic Water into the region from the north. Warm, fresh anomalies and a strongly depressed thermocline were observed during the February 1992 cruise. A combination of coastal sea level and wind stress data and output from the Los Alamos National Laboratory parallel ocean program model was used to explain the cause of these anomalies. The February 1992 anomalies were shown to be due to both the deepening of the Aleutian low in the North Pacific associated with the 1991-1993 El Nino/Southern Oscillation event in the equatorial Pacific and poleward propagating intraseasonal coastal trapped Kelvin waves also arising from this event. The anomalous poleward wind forcing produced onshore flow, deepening of the thermocline, and downwelling at progressively southward locations. The ''downwelling'' Kelvin waves propagated northward with the two signals meeting somewhere near the cruise region. Both the model and the coastal sea level data showed the phase speed of the waves to slow by about 50% after passing the Gulf of California. This may be due to the scattering of energy from the fastest baroclinic mode into a slower mode. The strongest wave signal in the equatorial Pacific did not necessarily produce the strongest anomalies off central California. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT OCEANOG,MONTEREY,CA 93943. NR 75 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD MAR 15 PY 1997 VL 102 IS C3 BP 5553 EP 5582 DI 10.1029/96JC03050 PG 30 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA WN409 UT WOS:A1997WN40900004 ER PT J AU Chu, PC Wells, SK Haeger, SD Szczechowski, C Carron, M AF Chu, PC Wells, SK Haeger, SD Szczechowski, C Carron, M TI Temporal and spatial scales of the Yellow Sea thermal variability SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID PACIFIC; OCEAN AB This paper presents an analysis on the space/time statistical thermal structure in the Yellow Sea from the Navy's Master Observation Oceanography Data Set during 1929-1991. This analysis is for the establishment of an Optimum Thermal Interpolation System of the Yellow Sea (a shallow sea), for the assimilation of observational data into coastal a coordinate ocean prediction models (e.g., the Princeton Ocean Model), and for the design of an optimum observational network. After quality control the data set consists of 35,658 profiles. Sea surface temperatures at 50% and 80% water depths are presented here as representing the thermal structure of surface, middepth, and near-bottom layers. In the Yellow Sea shelf the temporal and spatial signals fluctuate according to the Asian monsoon. Variation of surface forcing from winter to summer monsoon season causes the change of the thermal structure, including the decorrelation scales. Our computation shows that the seasonal variation of the surface horizontal decorrelation scale is around 90 km from 158 km in winter to 251 km in summer and the seasonal variation of the surface temporal decorrelation scale is around 2.4 days from 14.7 days in winter to 12.3 days in summer. The temporal decorrelation scale increases with depth in both summer (evident) and winter (slight). The near-bottom water (sigma=0.8) has the longest temporal scale in summer, which could be directly related to the existence of the Yellow Sea Cold Water throughout the summer in the middle of the Yellow Sea. The temporal and spatial decorrelation scales obtained in this study are useful for running optimum interpolation models and for designing an optimum observational network. The minimum sampling density required to detect thermal variability in the Yellow Sea shelf would be 50-80 km and 4-6 day intervals per temperature measurement with the knowledge that the subsurface features will also be adequately sampled. C1 USN,OCEANOG OFF,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529. RP Chu, PC (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT OCEANOG,CODE OC CU,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 18 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD MAR 15 PY 1997 VL 102 IS C3 BP 5655 EP 5667 DI 10.1029/96JC03428 PG 13 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA WN409 UT WOS:A1997WN40900010 ER PT J AU Spiel, DE AF Spiel, DE TI More on the births of jet drops from bubbles bursting on seawater surfaces SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID WATER SURFACES; AIR AB The parameters of the births of jet drops originating from bubbles bursting on seawater surfaces are presented. This report supplements an earlier one by providing the birth times and heights of all the jet drops, not just the top. Results are given for bubble sizes from 350- to 1500-mu m equivalent volume radius. The ejection speeds of the jet droplets generated by a collapsing bubble and the height above the surface, as well as the time, at which all the drops break off the ascending jet have been measured. For the bubble sizes used in this study, the first drop emitted, the top drop, is closest to the surface at birth, the second is the highest, and all subsequent drops are at intermediate heights. Furthermore, each drop after the second is born at a height that is lower than the drop that preceded it. Size distributions of the jet drops from each of 10 bubble sizes are reported. They differ from size distributions published earlier in that the sizes of the lower drops are not bimodally distributed. This difference is attributed to a difference in water temperature. RP Spiel, DE (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT PHYS,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 5 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD MAR 15 PY 1997 VL 102 IS C3 BP 5815 EP 5821 DI 10.1029/96JC03582 PG 7 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA WN409 UT WOS:A1997WN40900020 ER PT J AU Rogers, JCW Szymczak, WG AF Rogers, JCW Szymczak, WG TI Computations of violent surface motions: Comparisons with theory and experiment SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID FLUID; FLOWS; PLATE AB A numerical implementation of a generalized hydrodynamics has been used to compute a number of violent surface motions (characterized by the collision of different portions of the free surface). For some of these motions, singular aspects of the surface evolution may be analysed theoretically. Comparisons of the output of the calculations with theoretical predictions are made for these cases. In a second test of the predictions of the generalized hydrodynamics, the evolution of a plume generated by underwater explosions is compared with a computed plume history. An important diagnostic tool for studying violent surface motions has been analysis of the sum of the kinetic and internal energies of the flow. Accordingly, we include some results of an investigation into mechanisms for energy dissipation, as well as a description of some relations between energy loss and modes of cavity collapse. C1 USN, CTR SURFACE WARFARE, SILVER SPRING, MD 20903 USA. RP Rogers, JCW (reprint author), POLYTECH INST NEW YORK, DEPT APPL MATH & PHYS, 6 METROTECH CTR, BROOKLYN, NY 11201 USA. NR 20 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-503X J9 PHILOS T R SOC A JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1997 VL 355 IS 1724 BP 649 EP 663 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA WP746 UT WOS:A1997WP74600013 ER PT J AU Patton, DC Porezag, DV Pederson, MR AF Patton, DC Porezag, DV Pederson, MR TI Simplified generalized-gradient approximation and anharmonicity: Benchmark calculations on molecules SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FUNCTIONAL APPROXIMATIONS; EXCHANGE-CORRELATION; DENSITY; ENERGY; SYSTEMS; SURFACE AB Recent implementational improvements of the generalized-gradient approximation (GGA) have led to a simplified version which is parametrized entirely from fundamental constants, easier to use, and possibly easier to improve. We have performed detailed calculations on the geometries, atomization energies, vibrational energies, and infrared and Raman spectra of many first- and second-row dimers as well as some polyatomic molecules. For atomization and vibrational energies, we find that the simplified version of GGA leads to results similar to the original version. We comment on the fact that GGA-induced changes of hydrogenic bonding are different than for the other atoms in the periodic table but still an improvement over the local approximations to density-functional theory. In addition to a harmonic treatment of the vibrational modes we include the contributions of anharmonicity as well. With the exception of the light hydrogen containing molecules anharmonic corrections are quite small. C1 CHEMNITZ UNIV TECHNOL, DEPT PHYS, CHEMNITZ, GERMANY. RP Patton, DC (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 29 TC 96 Z9 96 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 15 PY 1997 VL 55 IS 12 BP 7454 EP 7459 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.55.7454 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WQ434 UT WOS:A1997WQ43400036 ER PT J AU Reddy, BV Pederson, MR Khanna, SN AF Reddy, BV Pederson, MR Khanna, SN TI Magnetic character of V-2 dimers on Cu(001) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NICKEL CLUSTERS; 4D CLUSTERS; MOMENTS; STABILITY; AG(001); COBALT; CU AB Theoretical electronic-structure calculations of a V-2 dimer adsorbed on a Cu(001) surface have been carried out to determine the ground-state geometry and magnetic moment at the V sites. For the unrelaxed surface, the V sites have a large magnetic moment as predicted by previous studies. The surface Cu atoms, however, undergo significant relaxations and the V-V distance at the surface is close to that of an isolated V-2 molecule. These relaxations quench the magnetic moments at the V sites showing that V dimers on a Cu(001) are actually nonmagnetic. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Reddy, BV (reprint author), VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV,DEPT PHYS,RICHMOND,VA 23284, USA. NR 27 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 15 PY 1997 VL 55 IS 12 BP R7414 EP R7417 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WQ434 UT WOS:A1997WQ43400032 ER PT J AU Chen, WD Otterson, GA Lipkowitz, S Khleif, SN Coxon, AB Kaye, FJ AF Chen, WD Otterson, GA Lipkowitz, S Khleif, SN Coxon, AB Kaye, FJ TI Apoptosis is associated with cleavage of a 5 kDa fragment from RB which mimics dephosphorylation and modulates E2F binding SO ONCOGENE LA English DT Article DE apoptosis; chemotherapy; cysteine protease; FAS; retinoblastoma protein ID RETINOBLASTOMA GENE-PRODUCT; LUNG-CANCER; GROWTH SUPPRESSION; CELL-LINES; PROTEIN; IDENTIFICATION; DOMAIN; CLONING; MEMBER; FAMILY AB Dephosphorylation of the RE protein has been reported to be associated with apoptosis, In contrast, we show that treatment of HL60 cells with etoposide or cytosine arabinoside or treatment of breast epithelial cells with alpha-FAS is associated with the cleavage of a 5 kDa fragment from the C-terminus of RE, resulting in a truncated product that we have designated as p100cl. This cleavage event coincides with the activation of cysteine proteases at the onset of apoptosis, is blocked by the addition of iodoacetamide to cells prior to the onset of apoptosis, and results in the expression of faster migrating protein species which can mimic dephosphorylated RE. The free 5 kDa fragment is detected only during apoptosis, predicts a cleavage site that we have mapped to a unique CPP32-like recognition sequence which is present at the C-terminus of all reported RE homologues, and results in a truncated RE protein with enhanced E2F binding affinity, While the causality for this cleavage event in the apoptotic process is still under investigation, our findings suggest distinct post-translational pathways for the RE product between cells examined during growth arrest (p105 hypophosphorylated RE) or apoptosis (p100cl). C1 USN,NCI,MED ONCOL BRANCH,DIV CLIN SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20889. RI kaye, frederic/E-2437-2011; CHEN, WEI-DONG/F-4521-2014 OI CHEN, WEI-DONG/0000-0003-2264-5515 NR 24 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND RG21 6XS SN 0950-9232 J9 ONCOGENE JI Oncogene PD MAR 13 PY 1997 VL 14 IS 10 BP 1243 EP 1248 DI 10.1038/sj.onc.1201096 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA WM782 UT WOS:A1997WM78200015 PM 9121775 ER PT J AU Carter, R AF Carter, R TI Gray-scale perceptions calculated: Optimum display background luminance SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID VISUAL-SEARCH; COLOR; BRIGHTNESS; CONTRAST; DISCRIMINATION; SCATTER; SPREAD AB The following questions motivated this study, which summarizes and illustrates the answers. How can the number of gray levels visible on a display be maximized? How can a designer maximize the discriminability of a set of gray symbols that use only a part of the luminance range available from the display technology? Can we calculate whether particular shades of gray will be discriminable from each other? How big should successive gray-scale steps be (in luminance, reflectance, or optical density) to make them appear equal? How many discriminable shades of gray can be seen with a particular display technology in a particular Light environment? What is the probability that two specified shades of gray will be mistaken for each other at a glance? How does the luminance of the screen background affect the visibility of gray symbols? Is there a single principle that describes the appearances of areas more luminous than the background (positive contrasts) and less luminous areas (negative contrasts)? Limitations on the answers are discussed, issues for further research are suggested, and applications are described. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. RP Carter, R (reprint author), OFF NAVAL RES, 800 N QUINCY ST, ARLINGTON, VA 22217 USA. NR 44 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAR 10 PY 1997 VL 36 IS 8 BP 1705 EP 1717 DI 10.1364/AO.36.001705 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA WN597 UT WOS:A1997WN59700001 PM 18250856 ER PT J AU Guha, S Pace, MD Dunn, DN Singer, IL AF Guha, S Pace, MD Dunn, DN Singer, IL TI Visible light emission from Si nanocrystals grown by ion implantation and subsequent annealing SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SILICON NANOCRYSTALS; QUANTUM CONFINEMENT; CRYSTALLINE SI AB Photoluminescence (PL), electron spin resonance (ESR), and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) were used to investigate the luminescence mechanism in Si nanocrystals, Si ions were implanted in SiO2 films at 190 keV to a dose of 3 x 10(17)/cm(2). An intense photoluminescence (PL) band at 755 nm (1.65 eV) was observed when the implanted films were annealed above 800 degrees C in air or in nitrogen; HRTEM images showed Si nanocrystals of sizes between 1 and 6 nm from these annealed samples. ESR indicated Si dangling bonds. Upon annealing at 900 degrees C in air a few times, the particle sizes were reduced to less than 2 nm due to oxidation. The red PL band is attributed to emission from Si nanocrystals. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. RP Guha, S (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 16 TC 111 Z9 115 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 10 PY 1997 VL 70 IS 10 BP 1207 EP 1209 DI 10.1063/1.118275 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WL865 UT WOS:A1997WL86500007 ER PT J AU Doschek, GA Mariska, JT Warren, HP Wilhelm, K Lemaire, P Kucera, T Schuhle, U AF Doschek, GA Mariska, JT Warren, HP Wilhelm, K Lemaire, P Kucera, T Schuhle, U TI Determination of the formation temperature of Si IV in the solar transition region SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE sun, transition region; ultraviolet, stars ID QUIET-SUN; AL-III AB Using spectra obtained with the Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation (SUMER) spectrometer flown on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory spacecraft, we deduce the temperature of formation of the Si IV ion in the solar transition region from the Si IV ultraviolet spectral line intensity ratio, 3p(2)P(3/2)-3d(2)D(3/2,5/2)/3s(2)S(1/2)-3p(2)P(1/2) and compare the result to the temperature predicted under the assumption of ionization equilibrium. The wavelengths are as follows: D-2(3/2,5/2), 1128.325, 1128.340 Angstrom; 2P(1/2), 1402.770 Angstrom. Ratios are derived for typical features of the quiet Sun, such as cell center and network, and are systematically higher than those predicted at the 6.3 x 10(4) K ionization equilibrium temperature of formation of Si IV. For most solar features the ratios imply a temperature of formation of about 8.5 x 10(4) K. The ratios for the faintest features imply a temperature of formation of up to 1.6 x 10(5) K. It is not clear, however, that all the discrepancies between the measured and theoretical ratios are due to a temperature effect. Accurate temperature measurements are important since a large discrepancy from ionization equilibrium has significant implications for the physics of the transition region, such as the possible presence of nonthermal electrons. C1 MAX PLANCK INST AERON, D-37189 KATLENBURG DUHM, GERMANY. UNIV PARIS 11, INST ASTROPHYS SPATIALE, UNITE MIXTE CNRS, F-91405 ORSAY, FRANCE. NASA, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR, APPL RES CORP, GREENBELT, MD 20771 USA. RP USN, RES LAB, EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES, CODE 7670, 4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RI Kucera, Therese/C-9558-2012; OI Kucera, Therese/0000-0001-9632-447X NR 15 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 1997 VL 477 IS 2 BP L119 EP + DI 10.1086/310529 PN 2 PG 1 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WM091 UT WOS:A1997WM09100012 ER PT J AU Jung, WY Vogt, PR AF Jung, WY Vogt, PR TI A gravity and magnetic anomaly study of the extinct Aegir Ridge, Norwegian Sea SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE; ACCRETING PLATE BOUNDARIES; BENEATH MIDOCEAN RIDGES; EAST PACIFIC RISE; CRUSTAL THICKNESS; SPREADING RATE; 3-DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS; TECTONIC EVOLUTION; FRACTURE-ZONE; OCEANIC RIDGE AB In 1990 the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory mapped the extinct Aegir Ridge in the Norwegian Sea with SeaMARC II side-scan sonar, Hydrosweep multibeam, seismics, gravity, and magnetics onboard R/V Maurice Ewing. We analyzed the 92 center beam bathymetry, gravity, and magnetic profiles in this study to examine slow spreading ridge processes and cessation of spreading about 25 Ma. In bathymetric expression the rift valley deepens and narrows southward, while the rift mountain summits become higher. South of similar to 67 degrees N, the western rift mountains and flanks stand higher than the eastern mountains and flanks. Free-air anomalies along the ridge axis show undulating intermediate wavelength (similar to 100 km) anomalies superimposed on a regional decrease of the rift valley negative from similar to 0 mGal in the north to -55 mGal in the south. After removal of sediment effects, results from three-dimensional gravity modeling imply a variation of crustal thickness. A new rotation pole for the movement of the Jan Mayen microplate relative to the Eurasia plate from similar to 50 Ma to 25 Ma was found at 64 degrees 34/N, 13 degrees W, based on magnetic lineations and inferred discontinuity traces. A plot of angular separation between significant anomaly peaks versus absolute age suggests an opening rate of similar to 2.0 degrees/m.y. (>36 Ma) followed by gradual deceleration to 0 at 25 Ma. Full spreading rate between chrons C13n and C21n ranged from similar to 13 mm/yr in the north to 8 mm/yr in the south. RP USN, RES LAB, DIV MARINE GEOSCI, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 77 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD MAR 10 PY 1997 VL 102 IS B3 BP 5065 EP 5089 DI 10.1029/96JB03915 PG 25 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA WM584 UT WOS:A1997WM58400009 ER PT J AU Chafin, A Lindsay, G Merwin, L Ostrom, G StengerSmith, J AF Chafin, A Lindsay, G Merwin, L Ostrom, G StengerSmith, J TI Surprising isomer effect in Knoevenagel condensations: Ortho isomer yields polymer and meta isomer yields cyclomer SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID NONLINEAR OPTICS; MAIN-CHAIN RP Chafin, A (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,WEAP DIV,CHEM & MAT BRANCH,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD MAR 10 PY 1997 VL 30 IS 5 BP 1515 EP 1517 DI 10.1021/ma951530w PG 3 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA WM687 UT WOS:A1997WM68700035 ER PT J AU Pickett, WE AF Pickett, WE TI Uniaxial strain dependence of T-c in YBa2Cu3O7: Internal strain induced intralayer charge transfer SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COPPER-OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS; PRESSURE-DEPENDENCE; CRITICAL-TEMPERATURE; THERMAL-EXPANSION; STATE PROPERTIES; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; PHOTOEMISSION; ANISOTROPY; ENERGY; STRESS AB Results of ab initio calculations on uniaxially strained YBa2Cu3O7 are correlated with known values of the uniaxial strain dependencies dT(c)/d is an element of alpha (alpha=x,y,z) of the superconducting critical temperature T-c. Internal strains are found to dominate the strain dependence, with the strong nontetragonality correlating directly with the measured nontetragonality of dT(c)/d is an element of(alpha). Charge rearrangements within the CuO2 layers overwhelm any chain-to-layer charge transfer and strongly suggest that the relative amount of Cu and O character within the layers determines the strain dependence of T-c. RP Pickett, WE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 38 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 10 PY 1997 VL 78 IS 10 BP 1960 EP 1963 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.1960 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA WM064 UT WOS:A1997WM06400033 ER PT J AU Carr, TW Schwartz, IB AF Carr, TW Schwartz, IB TI Symmetry-breaking control of splay-phase states in globally coupled oscillators SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article ID JOSEPHSON-JUNCTION ARRAYS; SERIES ARRAYS; DYNAMICS AB The application of symmetry-breaking perturbations is used to control out-of-phase states, called splay-phase states, in an array of globally coupled Josephson-junction oscillators. Using asymptotic methods and a dimension-reducing coordinate transformation, we have investigated the stability of the splay-phase states with respect to symmetry-breaking perturbations. These results lead to the development of a targeting algorithm that directs the system to any desired splay-phase state by allowing for brief periods of instability, followed by symmetry-breaking perturbations. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,SPECIAL PROJECT NONLINEAR SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RI Schwartz, Ira/A-8073-2009 NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD MAR 10 PY 1997 VL 227 IS 1-2 BP 41 EP 46 DI 10.1016/S0375-9601(97)00024-8 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA WL831 UT WOS:A1997WL83100007 ER PT J AU Mowrey, RC Kroes, GJ Wiesenekker, G Baerends, EJ AF Mowrey, RC Kroes, GJ Wiesenekker, G Baerends, EJ TI Dissociative adsorption of H-2 on Cu(100): A four-dimensional study of the effect of rotational motion on the reaction dynamics SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT QUANTUM DYNAMICS; POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACE; WAVE PACKET APPROACH; SCHRODINGER-EQUATION; CU(111) SURFACE; ASSOCIATIVE DESORPTION; MOLECULAR PHOTOFRAGMENTATION; VIBRATIONAL-EXCITATION; TRANSLATIONAL ENERGY; STATE DISTRIBUTIONS AB The reaction of H-2 on Cu(100) is investigated using a four-dimensional (4D) quantum dynamical fixed-site model to assess the influence of molecular rotation on dissociation over the most reactive (the bridge) site. The potential energy surface (PES) is a fit to the results of density functional calculations performed using a generalized gradient approximation treating a Cu slab with a periodic overlayer of H-2. Dissociation probabilities for molecules with ''helicoptering'' (m(j)=j) and ''cartwheeling'' (m(j)=0) rotational motions are here found to be comparable because of the strong corrugation in the azimuthal coordinate. The calculations indicate that reaction is accompanied by significant rotationally inelastic scattering, Surprisingly, vibrational excitation is also found to be an efficient process in collisions with the reactive bridge site. Ln these collisions, the molecular axis is tilted away from the orientation parallel from the surface. Considering the approximate nature of the 4D model used, the calculated reaction probabilities are in good agreement with experiment, indicating that the PES that was used is accurate. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 LEIDEN UNIV,LIC,GORLAEUS LABS,NL-2300 RA LEIDEN,NETHERLANDS. VRIJE UNIV AMSTERDAM,NL-1081 HV AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. RP Mowrey, RC (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,THEORET CHEM SECT,CODE 6179,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Baerends, Evert Jan/F-7206-2011 OI Baerends, Evert Jan/0000-0002-3045-4906 NR 67 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAR 8 PY 1997 VL 106 IS 10 BP 4248 EP 4259 DI 10.1063/1.473515 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA WL946 UT WOS:A1997WL94600042 ER PT J AU Medhurst, LJ Fleming, J Nelson, HH AF Medhurst, LJ Fleming, J Nelson, HH TI Reaction rate constants of OH+CHF3->products and O(P-3)+CHF3->OH+CF3 at 500-750 K SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HYDROXYL; HYDROFLUOROCARBONS; METHANES AB The reactions OH + CHF3 --> products and O(P-3) + CHF3 --> OH + CF3 were studied in the temperature range 500-750 K and the pressure range 20-160 Torr using laser-induced-fluorescence detection of OH. For the reaction, OH + CHF3, the experimental rate coefficient is k = (1.1 +/- 0.3) x 10(-12) exp(-(2300 +/- 200)/T). For the reaction O(P-3) + CHF3 --> OH, the rate coefficient is k = (2.49 +/- 0.06) x 10(-13) exp(-(3000 +/- 1000)/T) in the temperature range studied. For the reaction CF3CFHCF3 + O(P-3) --> OH + CF3CFCF3, an upper limit for the rate coefficient is determined to be k < (3.6 +/- 2.2) x 10(-13) exp(-(2700 +/- 400)/T). C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Medhurst, LJ (reprint author), MARYMOUNT UNIV,SCH ARTS & SCI,2807 N GLEBE RD,ARLINGTON,VA 22207, USA. NR 18 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 7 PY 1997 VL 266 IS 5-6 BP 607 EP 611 DI 10.1016/S0009-2614(97)00049-3 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA WL836 UT WOS:A1997WL83600033 ER PT J AU Pace, MD Carmichael, AJ AF Pace, MD Carmichael, AJ TI Quantitative EPR spin trapping .1. Nitrogen dioxide radicals and nitrite ions from energetic materials in alkaline aqueous solution SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID PHOTOLYSIS AB A new application of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin trapping is described using the nitromethane aci anion (CH2=NO2-) spin trapping technique for quantitative measurement of nitrogen dioxide radicals ((NO2)-N-.) and nitrite ions (NO2-) in strong alkaline aqueous solution. The relative concentration of a spin adduct radical, dinitromethyl dianion radical [-O2N-CH=NO2.-] (I), produced by ultraviolet photolysis, is shown to be proportional to the concentration of NO2- dissolved in alkaline solution. This method is applied to estimate the (NO2)-N-. concentrations produced by decomposition of two energetic nitramine compounds: cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine, C6H6N6O6 (RDX), and ammonium dinitramide, NH4+N(NO2)(2)(-) (ADN), by using calibration plots of the spin concentration of I versus time of photolysis. Calibrations were prepared using sodium nitrite (NaNO2) or ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) which behave similarly to the energetic compounds with respect to formation of I. RP Pace, MD (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6120,4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD MAR 6 PY 1997 VL 101 IS 10 BP 1848 EP 1853 DI 10.1021/jp961578r PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA WL769 UT WOS:A1997WL76900011 ER PT J AU Clinton, TW Johnson, M AF Clinton, TW Johnson, M TI Mesoscopic magnetoquenched superconducting valve SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB A superconducting switch has been developed using the magnetic fringe field of a ferromagnetic film to control the critical current in an underlying superconducting Sn film. The magnetization of the ferromagnet is rotated in the plane of the film to vary the magnitude of the fringe field applied locally to the superconductor from negligible to substantial values. A large suppression of the critical current is observed. Applications as an amplifier and a nonvolatile storage cell are possible, and a device based on high T-c materials has promise. (C) 1997 American Institute af Physics. RP Clinton, TW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20357, USA. NR 11 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 3 PY 1997 VL 70 IS 9 BP 1170 EP 1172 DI 10.1063/1.118482 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WL147 UT WOS:A1997WL14700037 ER PT J AU Dorsey, PC Qadri, SB Grabowski, KS Knies, DL Lubitz, P Chrisey, DB Horwitz, JS AF Dorsey, PC Qadri, SB Grabowski, KS Knies, DL Lubitz, P Chrisey, DB Horwitz, JS TI Epitaxial Pb-Fe-O film with large planar magnetic anisotropy on (0001) sapphire SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEXAGONAL FERRITE; THIN-FILMS; DIFFRACTION; DEPOSITION AB Epitaxial films (1.7 mu m thick) with the composition PbFe12.9O22.9 and hexagonal lattice parameters a=5.12 Angstrom and c=23.67 Angstrom have been pulsed laser deposited at 600 degrees C in 50 mTorr of O-2 onto single-crystal (0001) sapphire substrates. Epitaxy was determined using standard powder x-ray diffraction (XRD) and grazing incidence XRD. The films were deposited using a single-phase polycrystalline PbFe12O19 target. The composition of the films is PbFe12.9O22.9, which was measured using Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. Static magnetic measurements were performed using a vibrating sample magnetometer and SQUID magnetometer in order to measure magnetic anisotropy, magnetic remanence (M(r)), coercive field (H-c), and saturation magnetization (4 pi M(s)) of the films. The PbFe12.9O22.9 films exhibit magnetically isotropic behavior in the film plane with remanence ratio (M(r)/M(s)) and H-c values of 88+/-2.9% and 2500+/-97 Oe, respectively. However, the films are anisotropic with respect to the film normal such that the c axis is a magnetically hard direction and all directions normal to the c axis are magnetically easy (i.e., a planar anisotropy field, H-A, with an estimated magnitude of 77.5 kOe). The 4 pi M(s) value for the films is 630 Gauss at room temperature. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. OI Grabowski, Kenneth/0000-0003-0816-001X NR 14 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 3 PY 1997 VL 70 IS 9 BP 1173 EP 1175 DI 10.1063/1.118483 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WL147 UT WOS:A1997WL14700038 ER PT J AU Faraco, CD Vugman, I Siraganian, RP Jamur, MC Oliver, C AF Faraco, CD Vugman, I Siraganian, RP Jamur, MC Oliver, C TI Immunocytochemical identification of immature rat peritoneal mast cells using a monoclonal antibody specific for rat mast cells SO ACTA HISTOCHEMICA LA English DT Article DE mast cells; peritoneal cavity; rat; repopulation; maturation; monoclonal antibodies; immunomicroscopy ID BASOPHILIC LEUKEMIA-CELLS; BINDING; IGE; INVIVO AB The lack of immunological or morphological markers makes identification of immature mast cells difficult. In the present study we have used a rat mast cell specific monoclonal antibody (mAb AA4) to immunolabel mast cells during repopulation of the peritoneal cavity. Peritoneal cells were collected six days after injection of distilled water and examined by light and electron microscopy. mAb AA4 stained immature mast cells in various stages of maturation including a population of very immature mast cells that could not be identified using conventional staining methods. These cells had virtually no cytoplasmic granules and peripherally located located nuclei. Thus, immunolabeling with mAb AA4 has revealed a population of very immature mast cells not previously reported during repopulation of the peritoneal cavity. C1 OFF NAVAL RES,ARLINGTON,VA 22217. UNIV FED PARANA,DEPT BIOL CELULAR,BR-80060000 CURITIBA,PARANA,BRAZIL. UNIV SAO PAULO,FAC MED RIBEIRAO PRETO,DEPT BIOQUIM,RIBEIRAO PRET,SP,BRAZIL. NIDR,IMMUNOL LAB,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RI Jamur, Maria Celia/L-5520-2016 OI Jamur, Maria Celia/0000-0001-7065-8543 NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA VILLENGANG 2, D-07745 JENA, GERMANY SN 0065-1281 J9 ACTA HISTOCHEM JI Acta Histochem. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 99 IS 1 BP 23 EP 27 PG 5 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA WR359 UT WOS:A1997WR35900003 PM 9150793 ER PT J AU Tuncer, IH AF Tuncer, IH TI Two-dimensional unsteady Navier-Stokes solution method with moving overset grids SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA 34th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit CY JAN 15-19, 1996 CL RENO, NV SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut ID AIRFOIL FLOWS AB A simple numerical algorithm to localize intergrid boundary points and to interpolate unsteady solution variables across two-dimensional, structured overset grids is presented. Overset grids are allowed to move in time relative to each other. Intergrid boundary points are localized in a triangular stencil on the donor grid by a directional search algorithm. The final parameters of the search algorithm give the interpolation weights at the intergrid boundary point. Numerical results are presented for steady and unsteady viscous flow solutions over an airfoil undergoing a sinusoidal flapping motion. Computed flowfields demonstrate the accuracy of the method, and excellent agreement is obtained against the single grid solutions. The method is independent of numerical solution algorithms, and it may easily be implemented on any two-dimensional, single-block how solver to make it a multiblock, zonal solver with arbitrarily overset/overlapping computational grids. RP Tuncer, IH (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. RI Tay, Wee Beng/B-1095-2010 NR 13 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 35 IS 3 BP 471 EP 476 DI 10.2514/2.153 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA WM098 UT WOS:A1997WM09800009 ER PT J AU Weber, JW Oran, ES Patnaik, G Anderson, JD AF Weber, JW Oran, ES Patnaik, G Anderson, JD TI Load balancing and performance issues for data parallel simulation of stiff chemical nonequilibrium flows SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA 34th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit CY JAN 15-19, 1996 CL RENO, NV SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut ID ALGORITHM AB A data parallel program is presented that solves the reactive Euler equations for stiff chemical nonequilibrium flows on Connection Machines CM-2/200 and CM-5/5E. The program is written in CM Fortran and uses direction and time-step splitting to couple representations of the chemical and fluid dynamic processes on a structured Cartesian grid, An explicit high-order monotone algorithm with nonlinear damping is used to integrate the convection terms, and a hybrid asymptotic/modified-Euler approach is used to solve the system of ordinary differential equations from the chemical source terms. Integration of the fluid dynamics was conservatively determined to be 9.4 and 12.0 Gflops on a 512-node CM-5 and CM-5E, respectively. The fluid dynamics solver scaled well for large problems; however, both the performance and the scaling are significantly affected by the nearest-neighbor communications, which accounted for at least 24% of the execution time on the CM-5, For the integration of the chemistry source terms, poor load balancing significantly affected performance of the program, Therefore, a new load-balancing algorithm was developed that reduces the chemistry integration time by a factor of six for the test problem, a detonation propagating in a hydrogen-oxygen-argon mixture. Moreover, the chemistry integration time, with the load balancing, is slightly less than the time required to integrate the fluid dynamics, As a result, an efficient data parallel program for solving stiff chemical nonequilibrium flows is available for problems that were too expensive to solve in the past. C1 USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. BERKELEY RES ASSOCIATES INC, SPRINGFIELD, VA USA. MARATHWADA UNIV, DEPT AEROSP ENGN, COLLEGE PK, MD 20742 USA. RP USAF, WRIGHT LAB, PROP SYST BRANCH, WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 EI 1533-385X J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 35 IS 3 BP 486 EP 493 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA WM098 UT WOS:A1997WM09800011 ER PT J AU Thibault, GF AF Thibault, GF TI Strengthening exercises and support devices for ankle sprains SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Letter RP Thibault, GF (reprint author), USN HOSP,JACKSONVILLE,FL, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD MAR PY 1997 VL 55 IS 4 BP 1086 EP & PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WN491 UT WOS:A1997WN49100015 PM 9092276 ER PT J AU Bentley, TB Pittman, RN AF Bentley, TB Pittman, RN TI Influence of temperature on oxygen diffusion in hamster retractor muscle SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE oxygen diffusion coefficient; oxygen transport; Krogh's diffusion coefficient; phase transition; oxygen consumption ID STRIATED-MUSCLE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; CONSUMPTION; VISCOSITY; MYOGLOBIN; INVITRO AB A mathematical analysis by Popel et al. [Am. J. Physiol. 256 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 25): H921-H924, 1989] of in vivo data on arteriolar O-2 loss suggested that Krogh's diffusion coefficient (KO2 = alpha . DO2, where DO2 is the O-2 diffusion coefficient and alpha is the tissue O-2 solubility) in vivo could be an order of magnitude larger than that calculated from DO2 values measured in vitro at 22 degrees C and extrapolated to 37 degrees C. In this study, to eliminate potential extrapolation errors, we used a miniature hyperbaric chamber with 1-2 atm of O-2 to maintain tissue oxygenation and allow DO2 measurements directly at 37 degrees C while using a non-steady-state technique. The need for metabolic poisons that had been required by earlier experimental techniques was thereby eliminated. DO2 measured directly at 37 degrees C (2.42 . 10(-5) cm(2)/s) and the increase with temperature of DO2 between 30 and 41 degrees C (4.61%/degrees C) were unexpectedly higher than the values we found at lower temperatures. Oxygen consumption was also higher than expected at 37 degrees and 40 degrees C. An analysis of the activation energy for DO2 suggests that at higher temperatures there is a change in the diffusion pathway from that existing at lower temperatures, perhaps caused by phase transitions in the lipid membranes. C1 Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Med Coll Virginia, Dept Physiol, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. RP Bentley, TB (reprint author), USN, Med Res Inst, Sept Shock Res Program 62, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-07537] NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 272 IS 3 BP H1106 EP H1112 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA WP598 UT WOS:A1997WP59800007 PM 9087582 ER PT J AU Wegner, DM AF Wegner, DM TI Maritime technology from the Rijksmuseum Amsterdam: Multimedia catalogue of the Dutch Navy model collection - Lemmers,A SO AMERICAN NEPTUNE LA English DT Book Review RP Wegner, DM (reprint author), NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CTR,BETHESDA,MD, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PEABODY MUSEUM PI SALEM PA E INDIA MARINE HALL, SALEM, MA 01970 SN 0003-0155 J9 AM NEPTUNE JI Am. Neptune PD SPR PY 1997 VL 57 IS 2 BP 171 EP 172 PG 2 WC History SC History GA XP052 UT WOS:A1997XP05200010 ER PT J AU Suppappola, S Sun, Y Chiaramida, SA AF Suppappola, S Sun, Y Chiaramida, SA TI Gaussian pulse decomposition: An intuitive model of electrocardiogram waveforms SO ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE biomedical signal processing; electrocardiogram; chip away decomposition algorithm; nonlinear minimization; Fourier transform ID DATA-COMPRESSION; ECG AB This study presents a novel approach to modeling the electrocardiogram (ECG): the Gaussian pulse decomposition. Constituent waves of the ECG are decomposed into and represented by Gaussian pulses using an iterative algorithm: the chip away decomposition (ChAD) algorithm. At each iteration, a nonlinear minimization method is used to fit a portion of the ECG waveform with a single Gaussian pulse, which is then subtracted from the ECG waveform. The process iterates on the resulting residual waveform until the normalized mean square error is below an acceptable level. Three different minimization methods were compared for their applicability to the ChAD algorithm; the Nelder-Mead simplex method was found to be more noise-tolerant than the Newton-Raphson method or the steepest descent method. Using morphologically different ECG waveforms from the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database, it was demonstrated that the ChAD algorithm is capable of modeling not only normal beats, but also abnormal beats, including those exhibiting a depressed ST segment, bundle branch block, and premature ventricular contraction. An analytical expression for the spectral contributions of the constituent waves was also derived to characterize the ECG waveform in the frequency domain. The Gaussian pulse model, providing an intuitive representation of the ECG constituent waves by use of a small set of meaningful parameters, should be useful for various purposes of ECG signal processing, including signal representation and pattern recognition. C1 UNIV RHODE ISL,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,KINGSTON,RI 02881. OUR LADY MERCY MED CTR,DIV CARDIOL,BOSTON,MA. RP Suppappola, S (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,CODE 8223,BLDG 1171,NEWPORT,RI 02841, USA. NR 14 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0090-6964 J9 ANN BIOMED ENG JI Ann. Biomed. Eng. PD MAR-APR PY 1997 VL 25 IS 2 BP 252 EP 260 DI 10.1007/BF02648039 PG 9 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA WN694 UT WOS:A1997WN69400002 PM 9084830 ER PT J AU Tandy, TK Hoffenberg, S AF Tandy, TK Hoffenberg, S TI Emergency department ultrasound services by emergency physicians: Model for gaining hospital approval SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BLUNT ABDOMINAL-TRAUMA; ECTOPIC PREGNANCY; ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION; OBSTETRIC ULTRASOUND; MULTIPLE TRAUMA; THORACIC TRAUMA; HEMOPERITONEUM; SONOGRAPHY; DIAGNOSIS; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY AB We anticipate that over the next few years, emergency physician use of emergency department ultrasound will become the standard of care. However, many EDs are hampered in their efforts to gain hospital approval for emergency physician use of ultrasound because of the lack of publicized information regarding the goals of such use, the scope of emergency physician ultrasound privileges, emergency physician ultrasound credentialing criteria, and ED ultrasound quality-improvement plans. In this article we address these issues and provide an example of a proposal used successfully to gain hospital approval for ED use of ultrasound by emergency physicians. RP Tandy, TK (reprint author), USN,MED CTR PORTSMOUTH,DEPT EMERGENCY MED,PORTSMOUTH,VA 23708, USA. NR 59 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 29 IS 3 BP 367 EP 374 DI 10.1016/S0196-0644(97)70349-4 PG 8 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA WK844 UT WOS:A1997WK84400018 PM 9055776 ER PT J AU Davies, DE AF Davies, DE TI Firearm violence among youth SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP Davies, DE (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT EMERGENCY MED,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 29 IS 3 BP 424 EP 425 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA WK844 UT WOS:A1997WK84400030 PM 9055786 ER PT J AU Porezag, D Jungnickel, G Frauenheim, T Seifert, G Ayuela, A Pederson, MR AF Porezag, D Jungnickel, G Frauenheim, T Seifert, G Ayuela, A Pederson, MR TI Theoretical investigations of homo- and heteronuclear bridged fullerene oligomers SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID SOLID C-60 FILMS; VIBRATIONAL PROPERTIES; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; POLYMERIZED C-60; SIMULATIONS; CARBON; BUCKMINSTERFULLERENE; APPROXIMATION; ACCURATE; SYSTEMS AB We have applied a density-functional based non ''-orthogonal tight-binding (DF-TB) method to study the structure, energetics, and vibrational properties of different [C-60](n)-oligomers (n = 2, 3, and 4) as well as C-60 dimers partially bridged by oxygen atoms or a NH group. The applicability of the scheme for finding the ground state of these systems was carefully checked against more sophisticated methods including an all-electron, self-consistent (SCF) scheme based on the local-density-approximation (LDA), and the recently developed generalized-gradient approximation (GGA). We present Raman intensities for the vibrations of the C-60 oligomers, obtained in the framework of the bond polarization model, and compare with recent experimental data. C1 TECH UNIV DRESDEN,INST THEORET PHYS,D-01069 DRESDEN,GERMANY. USN,RES LAB,COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Porezag, D (reprint author), TECH UNIV,INST PHYS,D-09107 CHEMNITZ,GERMANY. RI Frauenheim, Thomas/C-5653-2015 OI Frauenheim, Thomas/0000-0002-3073-0616 NR 35 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 64 IS 3 BP 321 EP 326 DI 10.1007/s003390050485 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA WN715 UT WOS:A1997WN71500017 ER PT J AU Georgiadis, R Lambrakos, SG TrzaskomaPaulette, PP AF Georgiadis, R Lambrakos, SG TrzaskomaPaulette, PP TI Approach to determine electrochemical interface structure from surface optical spectroscopy SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE second-harmonic generation; interface structure; mesoscopic regime; analysis of second-harmonic generation data at electrochemical interfaces ID 2ND HARMONIC-GENERATION; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; ELECTROLYTE INTERFACE; AG(111) AB We present a general approach for establishing correlations between the optical second-harmonic (SH) response generated from a metal/electrolyte interface and the interface structure. Our approach entails the construction of a response function for optical second-harmonic generation (SHG) from the metal surface in the presence of an electrolyte and an applied electrochemical field. The response function approach, a powerful and general method, is developed here for the first time for SHG data. Here, the response function describes the nonlinear optical response of a mesoscopic region of the surface to an applied static mesoscopic electric field and is a characterization of how the electrostatic nature of the surface responds to changes in the concentration and composition of the electrolyte. We construct the response function from experimental measurements of the SH response and from models representing known interface structure. A significant aspect of our approach is that it combines, through the modification of the response function, existing models of metal-interface structure with models for mechanisms of SI IG response. Our approach provides, therefore, a framework for correlating existing and emerging models of the double layer with optical experimental measurements. Case study analyses of prototype interface systems are presented here, demonstrating applications of our approach. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. BOSTON UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BOSTON,MA 02215. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 51 IS 3 BP 323 EP 331 DI 10.1366/0003702971940431 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA WT586 UT WOS:A1997WT58600006 ER PT J AU Prestwich, AH Joy, M Luginbuhl, CB Sulkanen, M Newberry, M AF Prestwich, AH Joy, M Luginbuhl, CB Sulkanen, M Newberry, M TI A search for the cooling flow accretion population: Optical and near-infrared imaging of NGC 1275 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies, clusters, individual (Perseus); galaxies, cooling flows; galaxies, elliptical and lenticular, cD; galaxies, individual (NGC 1275); galaxies, photometry; X-rays, galaxies ID SURFACE PHOTOMETRY; GALAXIES; CLUSTERS; EMISSION; MATTER AB We present near-infrared and optical images of NGC 1275, the cD galaxy at the center of the Perseus cluster, and a well-known cooling how. Although cooling flows are common (perhaps occurring in > 50% of X-ray clusters) and the mass accreted over the lifetime of the cluster similar to 10(12) M., attempts to detect the cooled gas at wavelengths other than X-rays has met with limited success. In this paper, we measure the optical and near-infrared brightness profiles of NGC 1275, in an attempt to detect spatially extended low-mass stars that may have formed from the cooled gas. To measure the profiles to the required low flux levels, they have been corrected for overlapping galaxy halos and scattered light. We find that our profiles are inconsistent with models of low-mass star formation unless the initial mass function has an upper mass cutoff less than 0.1 M., or the mass of gas accumulated over the lifetime of the cluster is 1%-10% of that predicted from the X-ray mass accretion rate determined at the present epoch. C1 NASA,GEORGE C MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CTR,SPACE SCI LAB,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35812. USN OBSERV,FLAGSTAFF STN,FLAGSTAFF,AZ 86002. AXIOM RES INC,TUCSON,AZ 85716. RP Prestwich, AH (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN ASTROPHYS OBSERV,60 GARDEN ST,MS4,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 26 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 1 PY 1997 VL 477 IS 1 BP 144 EP 151 DI 10.1086/303693 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WK037 UT WOS:A1997WK03700013 ER PT J AU Hajian, AR Frank, A Balick, B Terzian, Y AF Hajian, AR Frank, A Balick, B Terzian, Y TI The timescale correlation method: Distances to planetary nebulae with halos SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM, structure; planetary nebulae, general ID STELLAR WIND PALEONTOLOGY; CENTRAL STAR EVOLUTION; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; PROPER MOTIONS; GIANT HALO; EXPANSION; CATALOG; MASS; KINEMATICS; NGC-6826 AB We present deep narrow-band CCD images of six PNe obtained with the Palomar 5 m telescope in the light of [N II] lambda 6584 + H alpha and [O III] lambda 5007. Several previously undetected structures are found, including faint multiple envelope structures surrounding three of the targets. The inclusion of these sources with data for other multiple envelope PNe published in the literature permit a statistical evaluation of the relationship between PN ''shells'' and the thermal pulses of the PN nucleus. In this paper, we investigate the dynamical timescale between successive envelopes, tau(dyn), and the nuclear interpulse timescale, tau(ip). Our results show that the deviations from the relation tau(dyn) = tau(ip) can be explained by the uncertainty m the Shklovsky distance to individual PNe, which is sigma(dsh)/d(sh) similar to 2. By imposing the constraint that tau(dyn) = tau(ip), we find that it is possible to derive a PN distance indicator, which we name the timescale correlation distance, d(TC). The derivation for d(TC) is independent of ad hoc and often unsupported assumptions inherent to the Shklovsky method. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT ASTRON,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT ASTRON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. CORNELL UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,ITHACA,NY 14853. CORNELL UNIV,NAIC,ITHACA,NY 14853. RP Hajian, AR (reprint author), USN OBSERV,NRL,OPT INTERFEROMETER PROJECT,3450 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20392, USA. NR 48 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 1 PY 1997 VL 477 IS 1 BP 226 EP 234 DI 10.1086/303706 PN 1 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WK037 UT WOS:A1997WK03700022 ER PT J AU Phillips, KJH Feldman, U AF Phillips, KJH Feldman, U TI Yohkoh observations as a means of checking S, Ca, and Fe coronal abundances and He-like ionization fractions SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE atomic data; Sun, abundances; Sun, corona; Sun, flares; Sun, X-rays, gamma rays ID DIELECTRONIC SATELLITE SPECTRA; HELIUM-LIKE IONS; BRAGG CRYSTAL SPECTROMETER; INNER-SHELL TRANSITIONS; X-RAY-SPECTRA; SOLAR-FLARES; CALCIUM; RATES AB Electron temperatures are derived from X-ray spectra observed by the Bragg crystal spectrometer on board the Yohkoh satellite during long-duration solar flares, and it is found that in the late stages of such events the emitting plasma is nearly isothermal. This fact enables us to examine the accuracy of the fractional abundances of He-like S, Ca, and Fe ions, as well as the ratios of coronal element abundances. Using currently accepted values for ionization fractions and our own values of element abundances, we find that adjustments of 50% or less are needed. C1 USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Phillips, KJH (reprint author), RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIV ASTROPHYS,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 1 PY 1997 VL 477 IS 1 BP 502 EP 508 DI 10.1086/303681 PN 1 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WK037 UT WOS:A1997WK03700044 ER PT J AU Dermer, CD Sturner, SJ Schlickeiser, R AF Dermer, CD Sturner, SJ Schlickeiser, R TI Nonthermal Compton and synchrotron processes in the jets of active galactic nuclei SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE galaxies, active; galaxies, jets; gamma rays, theory; radiation mechanisms, nonthermal; X-rays, galaxies ID EXTRAGALACTIC RADIO-SOURCES; ENERGY GAMMA-RADIATION; RAY OBSERVATIONS; EMISSION; 3C-279; ELECTRONS; GALAXIES; BLAZARS AB We present the basic equations for calculating the time-dependent received spectral flux from the optically thin emissivities produced by temporally evolving, nonthermal electrons losing energy in a relativistically moving blob of plasma located at cosmological distances. Ionization, bremsstrahlung, Compton, and synchrotron energy losses of the electrons are considered. These equations are used to derive and calculate the received spectral fluence produced by instantaneously injected nonthermal electrons that also scatter photons from an isotropic external monochromatic radiation held in the Thomson regime of scattering. The derivation of the fluences is restricted to the regime where either synchrotron losses or Thomson losses with photons of the external radiation field dominate the electron energy loss rate. We also derive approximate expressions for the synchrotron and synchrotron self-Compton fluence. Beaming factors for thin-target and thick-target models of the electron distributions are derived. We show that ionization energy losses of relativistic electrons on the background thermal plasma of the blob can give Comptonized gamma-ray fluence spectra with spectral breaks Delta alpha much greater than 0.5. If only,Thomson and synchrotron losses are important, spectral breaks much greater than 0.5 are also possible if electrons are injected with a low-energy cutoff or if a ''snapshot'' of the spectral flux is measured over a time interval much less than the interval during which electrons cool. The important observational quantities for testing Compton-scattering models of radio galaxies and blazars are the bolometric luminosities in the radio/optical synchrotron component and the X-ray/gamma-ray Compton component, which approximately equal the peak values of the vF, spectral power flux or fluence. Numerical simulations of jet spectra are presented, showing the effects of different parameter values on the shapes of the synchrotron and Compton components. We derive straightforward predictions for the simplest external Compton and synchrotron self-Compton models from the analytic expressions for the spectra. The results are applied to quasi-simultaneous observations of 3C 279 at two different epochs, showing that this behavior can be understood if the blazar radiation results from electrons that Compton-scatter externally produced photons in outflowing blobs with different bulk Lorentz factors. Fits to quasi-simultaneous observations of 3C 273 and quiescent and flaring states of Mrk 421 are also presented. C1 MAX PLANCK INST RADIOASTRON, D-53010 BONN, GERMANY. RP Dermer, CD (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES, CODE 7653, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 50 TC 131 Z9 133 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 109 IS 1 BP 103 EP 137 DI 10.1086/312972 PG 35 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WN498 UT WOS:A1997WN49800004 ER PT J AU Krentz, MJ Hopkins, EW Moore, JL AF Krentz, MJ Hopkins, EW Moore, JL TI Panic with a twist: An unusual presentation of combined psychiatric and neurologic symptoms in a tactical jet aviator SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DISORDER; STATES AB A 28-yr-old Naval F-14 aviator presented with complaints of flight related anxiety occurring intermittently over an 18-mo period. Symptoms included sensation of strangeness, concern over the welfare of his radar intercept officer, flushing, nausea, and intense need to immediately land the aircraft. He also described a 6-mo history of episodes wherein he would see ''shooting stars'' in the periphery of his vision, accompanied by dizziness and disorientation. These latter attacks were always precipitated by head turning, usually in combination with positive Ct maneuvers, and were relieved by head straightening. The anxiety symptoms were consistent with a form of panic attack, but the neurological symptoms provoked further workup. Magnetic resonance cerebral angiogram demonstrated a dominant right vertebral artery and hypoplastic left vertebral artery. All symptoms resolved once the aviator was removed from flying the aircraft. After a year of follow-up with an aviation psychiatrist, he remained asymptomatic and was reassigned to maritime patrol aircraft. This case illustrates a difficult diagnostic, therapeutic, and disposition challenge. This aviator suffered from a complex interaction of neurologic and psychiatric manifestations having a common inciting stimulus, namely flying the F-14 Tomcat. A promising aviation career was preserved upon removal of that stimulus. C1 USN,AEROSP & OPERAT MED INST,DEPT NEUROL & INTERNAL MED,PENSACOLA,FL 32508. USN,AEROSP & OPERAT MED INST,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PENSACOLA,FL 32508. RP Krentz, MJ (reprint author), USNR,NAVAL AEROSP & OPERAT MED INST,AEROSP MED RESIDENCY PROGRAM,CODE 32R,220 HOVEY RD,PENSACOLA,FL 32508, USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 68 IS 3 BP 217 EP 220 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA WK695 UT WOS:A1997WK69500007 PM 9056030 ER PT J AU Smith, DR Rosenthal, MA Mulvany, JP Sanford, W Krayer, WR Smith, BL Palko, BS Matkins, JJ Koester, GJ Lees, RL McKinstry, PA AF Smith, DR Rosenthal, MA Mulvany, JP Sanford, W Krayer, WR Smith, BL Palko, BS Matkins, JJ Koester, GJ Lees, RL McKinstry, PA TI Mid-Atlantic AERAs conduct third annual regional hazardous weather conference SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material AB For the third consecutive year mid-Atlantic Atmospheric Education Resource Agents (AERAs) conducted a regional workshop for educators on hazardous weather. This workshop attracted teachers from New York, to Georgia for sessions by Project ATMOSPHERE AERAs, meteorologists from the National Weather Service, universities, the media, and private industry, who addressed a variety of topics pertaining to the impact of severe weather. As has been the case with the previous workshops, this event represents a partnership of individuals from schools, government agencies, and the private sector that enhances science education and increases public awareness of hazardous weather conditions. C1 RANDOLPH HIGH SCH,RANDOLPH,NJ. MILLS E GODWIN HIGH SCH,RICHMOND,VA. W SPRINGFIELD HIGH SCH,SPRINGFIELD,VA. WILMINGTON CHRISTIAN SCH,HOCKNESSIN,DE. BARNHARDT ELEMENTARY SCH,WALDORF,MD. VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV,RICHMOND,VA. ANNE ARUNDEL CTY BOARD OF EDUC,ANNAPOLIS,MD. LYNNDHURST HIGH SCH,LYNDHURST,NJ. CENTREVILLE HIGH SCH,CLIFTON,VA. RP Smith, DR (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT OCEANOG,572 HOLLOWAY RD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 78 IS 3 BP 499 EP 505 PG 7 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA WW304 UT WOS:A1997WW30400013 ER PT J AU Pesin, Y Shlesinger, M Sinai, Y Zaslavsky, G AF Pesin, Y Shlesinger, M Sinai, Y Zaslavsky, G TI Self-similarity and renormalization in chaotic dynamics SO CHAOS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 OFF NAVAL RES,ARLINGTON,VA 22217. NYU,COURANT INST,NEW YORK,NY 10012. NYU,DEPT PHYS,NEW YORK,NY 10003. PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT MATH,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. RP Pesin, Y (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT MATH,218 MCALLISTER BLDG,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1054-1500 J9 CHAOS JI Chaos PD MAR PY 1997 VL 7 IS 1 BP 1 EP 1 DI 10.1063/1.166235 PG 1 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA WN911 UT WOS:A1997WN91100001 ER PT J AU Zirino, A HernandezAyon, JM Fuhrmann, RA AlvarezBorrego, S GaxiolaCastro, G LaraLara, JR Bernstein, RL AF Zirino, A HernandezAyon, JM Fuhrmann, RA AlvarezBorrego, S GaxiolaCastro, G LaraLara, JR Bernstein, RL TI Estimate of surface PCO2, in the Gulf of California from underway pH measurements and satellite imagery SO CIENCIAS MARINAS LA English DT Article DE Gulf of California; pH; PCO2; satellite imagery ID COLOR SCANNER IMAGERY; FIBER OPTIC SENSOR; SEA-WATER; CARBON-DIOXIDE; OF-CALIFORNIA; BORIC-ACID; SEAWATER; CO2; DISSOCIATION; VARIABILITY AB The feasibility of estimating the partial pressure of CO2 (PCO2) from underway measurements of sea-surface temperature, pH, salinity and specific alkalinity was tested in the Gulf of California; PCO2 was also estimated from satellite-obtained sea-surface temperature (SST) by applying the pH-temperature relationship of the underway data to the imagery. The pH and PCO2 values were correlated with the major thermal features of the area studied. At the southern, warmer end of the gulf, estimated PCO2 values are approximately 30 to 40 mu atm above an expected surface equilibrium value of ca, 356 mu atm. Maximum PCO2 values of about 550 mu atm were found in the region of the midriff islands. For the 700-km transect, positive correlations were found between pH, in situ measured temperature (IST) and SST. For the warm zone, there was also a negative correlation between satellite-derived pigment (logP) and pH and temperature. LogP did not correlate with the other variables in the cold zone. The feasibility of using ''ships of opportunity'' to monitor pH and surface temperature as part of a world-wide PCO2 monitoring program is discussed. C1 USN COMMAND,CTR CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE,RDT&E DIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. CTR INVEST CIENT & EDUC SUPER ENSENADA,ENSENADA,BAJA CALIFORNIA,MEXICO. SEA SPACE INC,SAN DIEGO,CA 92126. RP Zirino, A (reprint author), UNIV AUTONOMA BAJA CALIFORNIA,INST INVEST OCEANOL,APARTADO POSTAL 453,ENSENADA,BAJA CALIFORNIA,MEXICO. NR 55 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU INSTITUTO INVESTIGACIONES OCEANOLOGICAS, U A B C PI BAJA CALIFORNIA PA APARTADO POSTAL 423, ENSENADA, BAJA CALIFORNIA 22800, MEXICO SN 0185-3880 J9 CIENC MAR JI Ceinc. Mar. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 23 IS 1 BP 1 EP 22 PG 22 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA WM602 UT WOS:A1997WM60200001 ER PT J AU Khokhlov, AM Oran, ES Wheeler, JC AF Khokhlov, AM Oran, ES Wheeler, JC TI A theory of deflagration-to-detonation transition in unconfined flames SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article ID INITIATION; SUPERNOVAE; PROPAGATION; EXPLOSIONS; COMBUSTION; CLOUD AB This paper outlines a theoretical approach for predicting the onset of detonation in unconfined turbulent flames. Two basic assumptions are made: (1) the gradient mechanism is the inherent mechanism that leads to deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT) in unconfined conditions and (2) the sole mechanism for preparing the gradient in induction time is by turbulent mixing and local flame quenching. The criterion for DDT is derived in terms of the one-dimensional detonation wave thickness, the laminar flame speed, and the laminar flame thickness in the reactive gas. This approach gives a lower-bound criterion for DDT for conditions where shock preheating, wall effects, and interactions with obstacles are absent. Regions in parameter space where unconfined DDT can and cannot occur are determined. Copyright (C) 1997 by The Combustion Institute. C1 UNIV TEXAS, DEPT ASTRON, AUSTIN, TX 78712 USA. RP Khokhlov, AM (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, COMPUTAT PHYS & FLUID DYNAM LAB, CODE 6404, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 42 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 EI 1556-2921 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD MAR PY 1997 VL 108 IS 4 BP 503 EP 517 DI 10.1016/S0010-2180(96)00105-8 PG 15 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA WK662 UT WOS:A1997WK66200009 ER PT J AU Waldron, A AF Waldron, A TI How not to deal with China SO COMMENTARY LA English DT Article C1 HARVARD UNIV,FAIRBANK CTR E ASIAN RES,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP Waldron, A (reprint author), USN,WAR COLL,WASHINGTON,DC 20350, USA. NR 1 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER JEWISH COMMITTEE PI NEW YORK PA 165 E 56TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10022 SN 0010-2601 J9 COMMENTARY JI Commentary PD MAR PY 1997 VL 103 IS 3 BP 44 EP 49 PG 6 WC Political Science; Social Issues SC Government & Law; Social Issues GA WJ674 UT WOS:A1997WJ67400045 ER PT J AU Lewis, T AF Lewis, T TI If Java is the answer, what was the question? SO COMPUTER LA English DT Editorial Material RP Lewis, T (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,CODE CS,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 SN 0018-9162 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD MAR PY 1997 VL 30 IS 3 BP 136 EP & DI 10.1109/2.612259 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA WL492 UT WOS:A1997WL49200034 ER PT J AU McCafferty, E TrzaskomaPaulette, P AF McCafferty, E TrzaskomaPaulette, P TI Anodic dissolution and protection of aluminum alloy 7075 in hydroxide solutions SO CORROSION LA English DT Article DE Al 7075; aluminum; alkaline environments; anodic polarization; corrosion products; films and film formation; general corrosion; sodium hydroxide and solutions; inhibitors; ion beam coatings; silicon nitride ID ALKALINE-SOLUTIONS; CORROSION; BEHAVIOR; ION; COATINGS; SILICON; PH AB Dissolution of Al 7075 (UNS A97075) in sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions results information of a black, loosely adherent film of corrosion products that provides partial protection in the aqueous environment. Optical and scanning microscopy showed the reaction product film is a bilayer, with a thin, adherent inner layer and a thicker, more fragile outer layer. The reaction mechanism involves the dissolution of aluminum followed by formation of a precipitated film. Corrosion protection at moderate hydroxide concentrations is provided by the use of a partially fluorinated amino-surfactant or a silicon nitride (Si3N4) coating prepared by ion beam-assisted deposition. RP McCafferty, E (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 5 PU NATL ASSN CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 SN 0010-9312 J9 CORROSION JI Corrosion PD MAR PY 1997 VL 53 IS 3 BP 179 EP 185 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA XU784 UT WOS:A1997XU78400002 ER PT J AU Rudolph, AS Cliff, R Kwasiborski, V Neville, L Abdullah, F Rabinovici, R AF Rudolph, AS Cliff, R Kwasiborski, V Neville, L Abdullah, F Rabinovici, R TI Liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin modulates lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha production in mice SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE blood substitute; liposomes; hemoglobin; endotoxin; mononuclear phagocytic system; splenocytes; cytokines; transcription ID RESUSCITATIVE FLUID; BLOOD SUBSTITUTE; CELL; RAT; MACROPHAGES; RESPONSES; BIODISTRIBUTION; HEMORRHAGE; MECHANISM; ENDOTOXIN AB Objective: To investigate the effect of liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin, an experimental blood substitute, on the function of the mononuclear phagocytic system in normovolemic mice, in ex vivo murine splenocytes and in a transformed murine monocytic cell line, RAW 264.7. Design: Prospective, randomized trial, Setting: Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, and the Thomas Jefferson University, Subjects: Female Balb/c mice (n = 27), Interventions: Mice were injected into the tail vein with liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin or liposome vehicle and were killed at varying time points for blood sampling and splenocyte isolation and culture, Measurements and Main Results: Injection of liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin in mice (2.2 g of lipid/kg and 0.56 g of hemoglobin/kg, n = 9) did not increase serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha concentrations at 2, 8, 15, and 24 hrs after administration, in the ex vivo procedure, lipopolysaccharide (1 mu g/mL)-induced TNF-alpha production by splenocytes from mice injected with liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin was attenuated at 2 and 4 hrs (73%, p = .002 at 2 hrs), compared with TNF-or production by splenocytes from sham animals challenged with the same concentration of lipopolysaccharide, In the in vitro procedure, simultaneous exposure of liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin (0.88 to 8.8 mg/mL) and lipopolysaccharide (0.125 to 1 mu g/mL) to the murine-derived, peritoneal monocytic RAW 264.7 cell line showed significantly reduced TNF-alpha, peptide, but not messenger RNA, 1 to 4 hrs after exposure as compared with cells challenged with lipopolysaccharide alone, This effect correlated with the rapid phagocytosis (1 hr to 4 hrs) of liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin by RAW 264.7 cells, Phagocytic activity in RAW 264.7 cells exposed to both liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin and lipopolysaccharide showed reduced uptake compared with uptake of liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin. The liposome-induced reduction in TNF-alpha, peptide production elicited by lipopolysaccharide was countered by extending the time period to an overnight delay between liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin exposure and lipopolysaccharide challenge, Liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin incubated with lipopolysaccharide in vitro, and subsequently washed to remove free lipopolysaccharide, stimulated TNF-alpha expression by RAW 264.7 cells, Incubation with liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin alone did not evoke TNF-alpha production in these cells, Conclusions: These data suggest that liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin modulates the response of the mononuclear phagocyte system to endotoxin, possibly through binding of lipopolysaccharide, presentation to macrophages with subsequent phagocytosis, and modulation of cytokine response by a post-transcriptional mechanism, This effect is attenuated by extending the period between exposure to liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin and endotoxin, The clinical relevance of these findings awaits further investigation. C1 GEOCTR,FT WASHINGTON,MD. THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107. RP Rudolph, AS (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 35 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 25 IS 3 BP 460 EP 468 DI 10.1097/00003246-199703000-00015 PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA WQ833 UT WOS:A1997WQ83300015 PM 9118663 ER PT J AU Smith, WF Wallace, MR AF Smith, WF Wallace, MR TI Cutaneous aspergillosis SO CUTIS LA English DT Article AB The authors present a patient with advanced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who developed a cutaneous lesion under the transparent dressing of a venous catheter. Histologic examination of the lesion revealed suppurative granulomatous inflammation in the dermis with numerous branching hyphae within the follicular infundibulum. A culture of the biopsy material grew Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus must be considered in the differential diagnosis of cutaneous lesions in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus, especially when the lesion occurs under an occlusive dressing. C1 USN, MED CTR, DEPT CLIN INVEST, SAN DIEGO, CA 92134 USA. USN, MED CTR, DEPT DERMATOL, SAN DIEGO, CA 92152 USA. USN, MED CTR, DEPT INTERNAL MED INFECT DIS, SAN DIEGO, CA 92152 USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD MAR PY 1997 VL 59 IS 3 BP 138 EP + PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA WM954 UT WOS:A1997WM95400011 PM 9071553 ER PT J AU Bui, TX AF Bui, TX TI PRIISM SO DATA BASE FOR ADVANCES IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article C1 USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Syst Management, PRIISM, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036 USA SN 0095-0033 J9 DATA BASE ADV INF SY JI Data Base Adv. Inf. Syst. PD SPR PY 1997 VL 28 IS 2 BP 15 EP 17 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA ZJ357 UT WOS:000073206100005 ER PT J AU Bui, TX AF Bui, TX TI Decision support in the future tense SO DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS LA English DT Article RP Bui, TX (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9236 J9 DECIS SUPPORT SYST JI Decis. Support Syst. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 19 IS 3 BP 149 EP 150 DI 10.1016/S0167-9236(96)00053-X PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA WY206 UT WOS:A1997WY20600001 ER PT J AU Bhargava, HK Krishnan, R Muller, R AF Bhargava, HK Krishnan, R Muller, R TI Decision support on demand: Emerging electronic markets for decision technologies SO DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Decision Support Systems on the theme: Decision Support in the Future Tense CY 1995 CL HONG KONG AB For the individual or organization wishing to employ a scientific approach in solving decision problems, there is a plethora of relevant concepts, methods, models, and software. Yet, relative to their potential or to peer software such as database technologies, decision technologies are little used in real-world decision making. We argue that at least some of the problems that restrict the use of decision technologies are rooted in the use of conventional market mechanisms to distribute them. We propose the development of electronic markets for decision technologies, and explain how features of modem information networks offer a solution to these problems. We present a framework for comparing alternative electronic markets for decision technologies, survey and analyze several such emerging markets, and present some details on our own research initiative - DecisionNet, A distinctive feature of DecisionNet is that it consists of software agents that perform - at the market level - functions (such as user accounting, billing and setting up the interface to a decision technology) that would otherwise need to be developed for each consumer, provider, or technology. C1 CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,HEINZ SCH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. HUMBOLDT UNIV BERLIN,INST WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMAT,D-10178 BERLIN,GERMANY. RP Bhargava, HK (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,CODE SM-BH,555 DRYER RD,ROOM 214,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 23 TC 58 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9236 J9 DECIS SUPPORT SYST JI Decis. Support Syst. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 19 IS 3 BP 193 EP 214 DI 10.1016/S0167-9236(96)00056-5 PG 22 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA WY206 UT WOS:A1997WY20600004 ER PT J AU Jeusfeld, MA Bui, TX AF Jeusfeld, MA Bui, TX TI Distributed decision support and organizational connectivity: A case study SO DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Decision Support Systems on the theme: Decision Support in the Future Tense CY 1995 CL HONG KONG DE decision support system; distributed processing; Internet/Intranet; data and model repository; World-Wide-Web AB While the Internet has been grabbing most of the attention of the information systems researchers and practitioners, online transaction processing systems still take the lion's share of business information systems. Although many Decision Support Systems (DSS) have been developed, they failed to become mainstream products due to their Limited availability, applicability, and interoperability. In this paper, we propose a script language to make use of the vast resource of the Internet as a means (i) to better make DSS known to potential users, and (ii) to allow construction of DSS from DSS components stored on various Internet sites. With the proposed script language, we contend that DSS would have a greater potential of gaining a larger share of use among the business community. Contrasting to other approaches that advocate for a central clearinghouse of DSS components, we propose a bottom-up strategy, i.e., users and developers of DSS's cooperate in weaving a web of distributed DSS components to form a federated network of on-line DSS repositories. The purpose of the proposed script language is to ensure effective search of DSS components and rapid development and deployment of application-specific DSS. The proposed method is scalable to support distributed platforms using multiple processors and/or application domains. A case study derived from a real life application in a multi-national company is discussed to illustrate the proposed approach. C1 USN, POSTGRAD SCH, DEPT SYST MANAGEMENT, MONTEREY, CA 93943 USA. RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN, AACHEN, GERMANY. RI Jeusfeld, Manfred/I-4185-2016 OI Jeusfeld, Manfred/0000-0002-9421-8566 NR 13 TC 8 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9236 J9 DECIS SUPPORT SYST JI Decis. Support Syst. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 19 IS 3 BP 215 EP 225 DI 10.1016/S0167-9236(96)00057-7 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA WY206 UT WOS:A1997WY20600005 ER PT J AU DeMarco, R Mackey, DJ Zirino, A AF DeMarco, R Mackey, DJ Zirino, A TI Response of the jalpaite membrane copper(II) ion-selective electrode in marine waters SO ELECTROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE ion-selective electrode; copper; natural water; stripping voltammetry; speciation ID CUPRIC ION; ORGANIC-LIGANDS; SEA-WATER; SEAWATER; COMPLEXATION; CALIBRATION; ESTUARINE; TOXICITY; CHLORIDE AB The response of the Orion 94-29 Cu-II ion-selective electrode (ISE) [employing a jalpaite membrane] in seawater has been related to levels of free Cu-II yielding results for the Derwent River and San Diego Bay that are 2 to 3 orders of magnitude higher than those for the Pacific Ocean. Response data for the electrode in acidified seawater at pH 2 are internally consistent with total Cu-II levels determined using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). It has been found that, even in acidified seawater. the organic ligands influence the response of the electrode, and this effect can be compensated successfully by either analyzing UV-photooxidized seawater and/or using a standard addition technique, The assigned ISE results for total Cu-II in acidified seawater fall within +/- (0.1-0.5) pCu unit of values determined using GFAAS, Electrode drift in seawater can be minimized by using a polished electrode that has been conditioned in seawater for 24h. The improved response rate of a conditioned ISE minimizes electrode soaking times and sample contamination through membrane corrosion. C1 CSIRO,DIV OCEANOG,HOBART,TAS 7001,AUSTRALIA. USN,COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RDT&E DIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 95152. UABC,INST INVEST OCEANOL,ENSENADA,BAJA CALIFORNIA,MEXICO. RP DeMarco, R (reprint author), CURTIN UNIV TECHNOL,SCH APPL CHEM,GPO BOX U 1987,PERTH,WA 6001,AUSTRALIA. RI De Marco, Roland/F-7213-2011 OI De Marco, Roland/0000-0002-1357-3727 NR 22 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 9 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1040-0397 J9 ELECTROANAL JI Electroanalysis PD MAR PY 1997 VL 9 IS 4 BP 330 EP 334 DI 10.1002/elan.1140090414 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA WY092 UT WOS:A1997WY09200013 ER PT J AU Bell, IR Rossi, J Gilbert, ME Kobal, G Morrow, LA Newlin, DB Sorg, BA Wood, RW AF Bell, IR Rossi, J Gilbert, ME Kobal, G Morrow, LA Newlin, DB Sorg, BA Wood, RW TI Testing the neural sensitization and kindling hypothesis for illness from low levels of environmental chemicals SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Experimental Approaches to Chemical Sensitivity CY SEP 20-22, 1995 CL PRINCETON, NJ DE sensitization; kindling; mesolimbic; human; animal; time factors; low-level exposures; psychophysiology ID TIME-DEPENDENT SENSITIZATION; ORGANIC-SOLVENT EXPOSURE; SELF-REPORTED ILLNESS; POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; BEHAVIORAL SENSITIZATION; DRUG VARIABILITY; DOPAMINE RELEASE; CHILDHOOD ABUSE; SEX-DIFFERENCES; WHITE PAPER AB Sensitization in the neuroscience and pharmacology literatures is defined as progressive increase in the size of a response over repeated presentations of a stimulus. Types of sensitization include stimulant drug-induced time-dependent sensitization (TDS), an animal model related to substance abuse, and limbic kindling, an animal model for temporal lobe epilepsy, Neural sensitization (primarily nonconvulsive or subconvulsive) to the adverse properties of substances has been hypothesized to underlie the initiation and subsequent elicitation of heightened sensitivity to low levels of environmental chemicals. A corollary of the sensitization model is that individuals with illness from low-level chemicals are among the more sensitizable members of the population. The Working Group on Sensitization and Kindling identified two primary goals for a research approach to this problem: to perform controlled experiments to determine whether or not sensitization to low-level chemical exposures occurs in multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) patients; and to use animal preparations for kindling and TDS as nonhomologous models for the initiation and elicitation of MCS. C1 UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT PSYCHOL,TUCSON,AZ 85721. UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT PSYCHIAT,TUCSON,AZ 85721. UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT FAMILY & COMMUNITY MED,TUCSON,AZ 85721. USN,MED RES INST DETACHMENT TOXICOL,TRISERV TOXICOL CONSORTIUM,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH. US EPA,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27711. UNIV ERLANGEN NURNBERG,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,D-8520 ERLANGEN,GERMANY. UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PITTSBURGH,PA. NIDA,BALTIMORE,MD 21224. WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,DEPT VET & COMPARAT ANAT PHARMACOL & PHYSIOL,PULLMAN,WA 99164. NYU,DEPT ENVIRONM MED,NEW YORK,NY 10016. RP Bell, IR (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,3601 S 6TH AVE,MAIL STOP 116A,TUCSON,AZ 85723, USA. NR 102 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 3 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SERVICES PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SERVICES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 105 SU 2 BP 539 EP 547 DI 10.2307/3433366 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA XB827 UT WOS:A1997XB82700021 PM 9167993 ER PT J AU ShriverLake, LC Donner, BL Ligler, FS AF ShriverLake, LC Donner, BL Ligler, FS TI On-site detection of TNT with a portable fiber optic biosensor SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EVANESCENT-WAVE; EXPLOSIVES; WATER AB A portable fiber optic biosensor was employed for onsite analysis of the explosive trinitrotoluene (TNT) in groundwater. Two military bases, Umatilla Army Depot and Naval Submarine Base Banger, contain sites where the groundwater has been contaminated with TNT. Samples from monitoring wells at these sites were split and analyzed on-site using the fiber optic biosensor and in a laboratory by U.S. EPA SW-846 Method 8330 (reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography). The fiber optic biosensor is small (6.5 in. x 4.5 in. x 3.5 in., 2.5 lb), portable, and able to monitor four optical probes simultaneously. A competitive, fluorescent immunoassay was performed on the surface of the optical fiber probe. The fiber optic biosensor was able to detect 20 mu g/L TNT in less than 16 min simultaneously on four probes. C1 USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. GEOCENTERS INC,FT WASHINGTON,MD 20744. NR 15 TC 73 Z9 76 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 31 IS 3 BP 837 EP 841 DI 10.1021/es960451c PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA WK815 UT WOS:A1997WK81500060 ER PT J AU Phillips, RS VonTersch, RL Secundo, F AF Phillips, RS VonTersch, RL Secundo, F TI Effects of tyrosine ring fluorination on rates and equilibria of formation of intermediates in the reactions of carbon-carbon lyases SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE tyrosine; tryptophan; pyridoxal 5'-phosphate; beta-elimination; lyase ID TRYPTOPHAN INDOLE-LYASE; STOPPED-FLOW SPECTROPHOTOMETRY; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; PHENOL-LYASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SUBSTRATE-ANALOGS; ACTIVE-SITE; MECHANISM; STEREOCHEMISTRY; BINDING AB The interactions of ring fluorinated analogs of tyrosine with tyrosine phenol-lyase and tryptophan indole-lyase (tryptophanase) were studied by rapid-scanning stopped-flow spectrophotometry. The reaction of L-tyrosine with tyrosine phenol-lyase resulted in rapid formation of a small absorbance peak at 500 nm, attributed to a quinonoid intermediate. The reaction of 3-fluoro-L-tyrosine with tyrosine phenol-lyase resulted in a peak at 500 nm with much higher absorbance, as did the reaction of 3,5-difluoro-L-tyrosine, due to increased accumulation of quinonoid intermediates. In constrast, complexes with 2-fluoro-L-tyrosine, 2,3-difluoro-L-tyrosine, 2,5-difluoro-L-tyrosine, and 2,6-difluoro-L-tyrosine exhibited much lower absorbance intensity at 500 nm. The rate constant for quinonoid intermediate formation from 3-fluoro-L-tyrosine was comparable to that for L-tyrosine. However, 3,5-difluoro-L-tyrosine reacted to form a quinonoid intermediate at about half the rate of L-tyrosine, while 2,3-difluoro-L-tyrosine reacted at twice the rate of L-tyrosine. In addition, the 2-substituted difluorotyrosines exhibited an intermediate, which was formed rapidly, absorbing strongly at about 340 nm, which is likely due to a gem-diamine intermediate. Tyrosine is not a substrate for tryptophan indole-lyase; the reaction of tryptophan indole-lyase with L-tyrosine resulted in formation of external aldimine, which absorbed at 420 nm, and a very small absorbance peak at 500 nm. 3-Fluoro-L-tyrosine reacted with tryptophan indole-lyase to produce a prominent quinonoid absorbance peak at 500 nm, whereas L-tyrosine, 2-fluoro-L-tyrosine, and all difluoro-L-tyrosines, had a much reduced intensity for this peak. Thus, the presence of ring fluorine substituents in L-tyrosine that are remote from the site of the chemical transformation has significant effects on the rates and equilibria of intermediate formation in the reactions with both tyrosine phenol-lyase and tryptophan indole-lyase. Although it is commonly thought that fluorine substitution will not result in any significant steric effects, our results suggest that the effects of fluorine substitution in the reactions of fluorinated tyrosines with tyrosine phenol-lyase and tryptophan indole-lyase are due to a combination of steric and electronic effects. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOL BIOL,ATHENS,GA 30602. USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. CNR,INST CHIM ORMONI,MILAN,ITALY. RP Phillips, RS (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT CHEM,CTR METALLOENZYME STUDIES,ATHENS,GA 30602, USA. RI Secundo, Francesco/G-3568-2013; OI Secundo, Francesco/0000-0002-7052-9634; Phillips, Robert/0000-0001-8710-562X FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM42588] NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0014-2956 J9 EUR J BIOCHEM JI Eur. J. Biochem. PD MAR 1 PY 1997 VL 244 IS 2 BP 658 EP 663 DI 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1997.00658.x PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA WL803 UT WOS:A1997WL80300048 PM 9119037 ER PT J AU Knutson, EM AF Knutson, EM TI Reading with a purpose: Communicative reading tasks for the foreign language classroom SO FOREIGN LANGUAGE ANNALS LA English DT Article AB Recent reading research has shown that reading comprehension is a function of both text- and reader-based factors. This paper focuses on the reader-based factor of purpose, beginning with a review of research which demonstrates that reading texts with a particular purpose or perspective facilitates comprehension and increases reader interest. The paper suggests approaches to the teaching of texts that provide learners with purpose, including student-generated text collections, communicative tasks with reading components, and prereading tasks for readings in literature or civilization. Finally, the paper argues that the concept of purpose provides a useful organizing principle for the coordination of reading instruction across the foreign language curriculum. RP Knutson, EM (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 31 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COUNCIL TEACH FOREIG LANG PI YONKERS PA 6 EXECUTIVE PLAZA, YONKERS, NY 10701-6801 SN 0015-718X J9 FOREIGN LANG ANN JI Foreign Lang. Ann. PD SPR PY 1997 VL 30 IS 1 BP 49 EP 57 PG 9 WC Education & Educational Research; Linguistics SC Education & Educational Research; Linguistics GA WV379 UT WOS:A1997WV37900004 ER PT J AU Kubicki, JD Blake, GA Apitz, SE AF Kubicki, JD Blake, GA Apitz, SE TI Molecular orbital calculations for modeling acetate-aluminosilicate adsorption and dissolution reactions SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID QUARTZ DISSOLUTION; ORGANIC-ACIDS; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; BONDED COMPLEXES; HYDROXYL-GROUPS; ACETIC-ACID; OH GROUPS; ZEOLITES; KINETICS; ALBITE AB Possible molecular configurations of acetic acid and acetate adsorbed onto aluminosilicate minerals are examined. Molecular orbital calculations were performed on molecules and dimers that are intended to mimic inner sphere and outer sphere adsorption complexes on mineral surfaces. The results predict the structure, energetics, and vibrational spectra of the acetic acid and acetate bonded to aluminosilicate groups. The most likely surface complexes are determined by reaction energetics and comparison of theoretical to experimental vibrational spectra. In addition, a reaction pathway of Si-O-Al cleavage by acetic acid and chemisorption of acetate with tetrahedral Al3+ is predicted. An activation energy for this reaction is estimated from constrained energy minimizations of the reactants along a reaction pathway. Copyright (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 CALTECH, DIV GEOL & PLANETARY SCI, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. RP Kubicki, JD (reprint author), USN, COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR, REMEDIAT RES LAB, CHEM & BIOCHEM BRANCH, SAN DIEGO, CA 92152 USA. RI Kubicki, James/I-1843-2012 OI Kubicki, James/0000-0002-9277-9044 NR 89 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 EI 1872-9533 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD MAR PY 1997 VL 61 IS 5 BP 1031 EP 1046 DI 10.1016/S0016-7037(96)00399-7 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA WN032 UT WOS:A1997WN03200008 ER PT J AU Monastero, FC Sabin, AE Walker, JD AF Monastero, FC Sabin, AE Walker, JD TI Evidence for post-early Miocene initiation of movement on the Garlock fault from offset of the Cudahy Camp Formation, east-central California SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA AB The Cudahy Camp Formation, located in the Fl Paso basin, east-central California, consists of a 350-m-thick volcanic and sedimentary sequence of early Miocene age. Previous investigators determined from paleocurrent indicators that the source for these rocks was to the south and southeast, but failed to suggest a specific location for that source. Restoration of 64 km of left slip on the Garlock fault places Cudahy Camp rocks north and northwest of the early Miocene Eagle Crags volcanic field. The unique geochemical nature of basalts found in both locations, coincident ages of volcanic rocks, identical clast content of volcanic tuffs, and identical stratigraphic sequence indicate that the source for the Cudahy Camp Formation was the Eagle Crags volcanic field. This is the first documented occurrence of Miocene rocks offset by the Garlock fault. Because the Cudahy Camp rocks and their sources appear to be offset by the full displacement on the Garlock fault, we conclude that movement on the Garlock started after earliest middle Miocene time. Further constraining initiation of movement on the Garlock fault adds significantly to fully understanding the evolution of the western North American plate boundary in the middle to late Cenozoic. C1 UNIV KANSAS,DEPT GEOL,LAWRENCE,KS 66045. RP Monastero, FC (reprint author), USN,AIR WEAPONS STN,GEOTHERMAL PROGRAM OFF,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 17 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMERICA PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140 3300 PENROSE PLACE, BOULDER, CO 80301 SN 0091-7613 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD MAR PY 1997 VL 25 IS 3 BP 247 EP 250 DI 10.1130/0091-7613(1997)025<0247:EFPEMI>2.3.CO;2 PG 4 WC Geology SC Geology GA WN968 UT WOS:A1997WN96800014 ER PT J AU Smoot, NC AF Smoot, NC TI Aligned buoyant highs, across-trench deformation, clustered volcanoes, and deep earthquakes are not aligned with plate-tectonic theory SO GEOMORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aseismic high; trench; subduction; volcanoes; earthquakes; surge tectonics ID MULTI-BEAM SURVEYS; BONIN FORE-ARC; MARIANA; RIDGE; SUBDUCTION; REGION; GUYOTS; JAPAN AB Bathymetry shows the regional interaction of aseismic, buoyant highs in northern Pacific subduction zones. Seamounts, ridges, and fractures on the seaward side of the trench are associated with events that do not support the accepted plate-tectonics paradigm, including an altered slab dip angle (Benioff zone) and the clustered volcanoes and earthquakes within the convergent margin. Most of the examples in this study show a reduction in the number of total earthquakes but an increase in the deeper earthquakes, an abnormal amount of across-trench deformation, and a larger amount of volcanism on the active are than if no bouyant highs existed in the subduction zone. The connections between the seaward highs and the landward clustered highs are the transverse faults, which widen by turbidite scour as they age. Forearc canyons are the modern-day bathymetric expression of these faults. All of the parameters introduced disagree with the plate-tectonic hypothesis, making an alternate explanation for the genesis necessary. That explanation falls into the realm of the surge-tectonic hypothesis, which can explain by fluid mechanics and eastward flow each of the introduced parameters. RP Smoot, NC (reprint author), USN,OCEANOG OFF,SEAFLOOR DATA BASES DIV,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39522, USA. NR 54 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-555X J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY JI Geomorphology PD MAR PY 1997 VL 18 IS 3-4 BP 199 EP 222 DI 10.1016/S0169-555X(96)00027-X PG 24 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA WL536 UT WOS:A1997WL53600003 ER PT J AU Smoot, NC King, RE AF Smoot, NC King, RE TI The Darwin Rise demise: The western Pacific guyot heights trace the trans-Pacific Mendocino fracture zone SO GEOMORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Darwin Rise; magnetic anomaly M20; guyot relief; paleo-sealevel; summit plateau break depth; SASS multibeam bathymetry; Mendocino Fracture Zone AB The Darwin Rise has been proposed so many times and in so many forms and places that the time has come to make a more comprehensive examination of the region. Lying on the NW Pacific Plate between the Geisha Guyots, the Mid-Pacific Mountains, the equator, and the trenches, the region is roughly bounded by magnetic anomaly M20 (147 Ma). It was subjected to a massive outpouring of lava about 105 to 120 Ma, which created the guyots and seamounts in that region. Guyots are excellent tools for studying events of long ago because they eroded in the same lowstand in the Cretaceous and guyot relief, therefore, is a surrogate for paleo-sealevel. The relief is derived by subtracting the break depth of the summit plateau of a guyot from the regional depth. Guyot relief would necessarily be less in the center than to the periphery if the feature formed on a pre-existing rise, as has been postulated. The existence of a paleo-Darwin Rise would give concentric contours for the region in question. Of the sixty guyots used in this study, thirty-seven of these guyots were surveyed using SASS multibeam in the Marcus-Wake seamount group. Twenty-three guyots were surveyed using random track single-beam sonar surveys. An entirely different scenario is shown. Data revealed a major fracture passing through the area coevally or after the guyots formed. Because the depths to the summit are not the same now, vertical tectonics occurred after subaerial erosion. This means the fracture formed during and after the erosion (roughly 105 Ma) and influenced the normal sequence of events in guyot formation. Depending on how one deciphers trends through the Hess Rise morass, SASS bathymetry shows a continuation of the Surveyor/Mendocino fracture zone swarm inside the M20 region to the NE of these data. The fracture swarm continues to the western Pacific trench system. Based on this information, if the Darwin Rise ever existed, it had to have done so elsewhere. RP Smoot, NC (reprint author), USN,OCEANOG OFF,SEAFLOOR DATA BASE DIV,N521,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39522, USA. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-555X J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY JI Geomorphology PD MAR PY 1997 VL 18 IS 3-4 BP 223 EP 235 PG 13 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA WL536 UT WOS:A1997WL53600004 ER PT J AU Federico, PA AF Federico, PA TI An empirical examination of metacognitive models of situation assessment SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article AB This research questioned whether participants' metacognitive models of abstract cognitive components of situation assessment were correlated with performance on concrete experimental tasks necessitating situation assessment. In this experiment, 76 naval officers were asked to (a) represent as graphic weighted networks their metacognitive models of schema-driven tactical decision making, for which situation assessment is crucial, and (b) perform experimental tasks requiring categorizing and pairwise similarity ratings of tactical situations. Canonical, regression, and correlation analyses and multidimensional scaling established that 2 of 4 metacognitive link weights were significantly associated with (a) 3 of 6 measures of sorting performance and (b) 1 of 2 dimensions derived for the scaling solution of pairwise similarity ratings. These results partially supported what was theorized regarding individuals' metacognitive models and sorting and pairwise performance. RP Federico, PA (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,INST DEF EDUC & ANAL,CRISCUOLO HALL,ROOM 6,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU HUMAN FACTORS SOC PI SANTA MONICA PA BOX 1369, SANTA MONICA, CA 90406 SN 0018-7208 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD MAR PY 1997 VL 39 IS 1 BP 149 EP 157 DI 10.1518/001872097778940650 PG 9 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA WU779 UT WOS:A1997WU77900013 ER PT J AU Weller, JF AF Weller, JF TI A few changes SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Editorial Material RP Weller, JF (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 9 IS 3 BP 273 EP 273 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA WJ318 UT WOS:A1997WJ31800001 ER PT J AU Fisher, MA Cukauskas, EJ Allen, LH AF Fisher, MA Cukauskas, EJ Allen, LH TI Thin film Y-Ba-Cu-O/Ag composites for fluxonic devices SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article DE high-temperature superconductors; superconducting composites; superconducting films; superconducting materials; superconducting materials measurements ID GROWTH; TEMPERATURE; SILVER AB We have investigated thin film composites of YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) with Ag for fluxonic device applications, YBCO/Ag composite films are produced by first depositing a layer of Ag onto a substrate and then heating the film to the YBCO deposition temperature of 680 degrees C or higher, YBCO is deposited by off-axis sputtering onto the Ag-coated substrate, The resulting YBCO/Ag film is a composite of YBCO with well-defined Ag regions several microns in size. Scanning electron micrograph images of the films' surfaces show a background of smooth YBCO grains dotted with Ag clusters, For a wide range of increasing Ag composition, the transition temperatures of the composite films on SrTiO3 remain high, while the critical current densities have been reduced as much as 65 times, On MgO substrates, critical current density has been reduced by more than four orders of magnitude, Also on MgO, significant voltage response is seen in external magnetic fields of less than 1 mT, These measurements suggest that the mms may be arrays of superconductor-normal-superconductor (SNS) junctions formed by weakly coupled YBCO grains with Ag in the grain boundaries, The field responsivity and low critical current densities of these composites make them potentially useful for fabrication of fluxonic devices. C1 HYPRES,ELMSFORD,NY 10523. USN,RES LAB,DIV ELECT SCI & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 7 IS 1 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1109/77.585880 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA XH053 UT WOS:A1997XH05300001 ER PT J AU Gershenson, M AF Gershenson, M TI Performance analysis of modified flux-locked-loop additional positive feedback SQUID SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article DE additional positive feedback; circuit simulation; feedback circuits; flux-locked-loop; magnetometers; SQUID's ID DC SQUID AB An analysis of the additional positive feedback (APF) effect on SQUID performance in terms of frequency response is presented, The effect of negative feedback with an external flux-locked-loop amplifier on overall performance in terms of immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI) is discussed, Disadvantages and limitations of APF are pointed out, An improved APF circuit with local negative feedback at high frequencies which improves the SQUID's overall EMI robustness is introduced, A 1/f noise reduction technique which can be used with APF while improving EMI rejection is also introduced, Simulations and a comparison between the two alternative designs are performed. RP Gershenson, M (reprint author), DAHLGREN DIV,COASTAL SYST STN,CODE 22R,PANAMA CITY,FL 32407, USA. OI Gershenson, Meir/0000-0002-1318-3286 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 7 IS 1 BP 23 EP 26 DI 10.1109/77.585884 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA XH053 UT WOS:A1997XH05300005 ER PT J AU Kang, W Huang, J AF Kang, W Huang, J TI Calculation of the minimal dimension kth-order robust servoregulator SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL LA English DT Article DE linear algebra; nonlinear control; robust nonlinear servomechanism AB The design of a minimal dimension kth-order robust servoregulator requires calculation of the minimal polynomial of a class of matrices defined by the given exosystem, A characterization of the minimal polynomial of this class of matrices was given recently in [8] when the given exosystem is semisimple. This paper will further provide a characterization of this class of matrices in the general case, This result leads to a straightforward and efficient procedure to calculate the minimal dimension kth-order robust servoregulator. C1 CHINESE UNIV HONG KONG,DEPT MECH & AUTOMAT ENGN,SHATIN,NEW TERR,HONG KONG. RP Kang, W (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT MATH,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. RI Huang, Jie/A-2790-2011 NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9286 J9 IEEE T AUTOMAT CONTR JI IEEE Trans. Autom. Control PD MAR PY 1997 VL 42 IS 3 BP 382 EP 386 PG 5 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA WM054 UT WOS:A1997WM05400008 ER PT J AU Soderstrand, MA Johnson, TG Strandberg, RH Loomis, HH Rangarao, KV AF Soderstrand, MA Johnson, TG Strandberg, RH Loomis, HH Rangarao, KV TI Suppression of multiple narrow-band interference using real-time adaptive notch filters SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-ANALOG AND DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE adaptive IIR filters; Kwan and Martin filter; narrow-band interference AB The process of detection of narrow-band interference to a broad-band signal in a noisy environment using adaptive filtering techniques attributable to Kwan and Martin is further refined by modifying the gradient-search algorithm to reduce hardware complexity. The Kwan and Martin algorithm implies a geometric increase in hardware as the number of interferers increases. The improved method admits to only an arithmetic increase to achieve the similar results. Thus Kwan and Martin filters designed to handle 3 to 10 notches require 12.5% to 124% more hardware than the new filters. Simulations of the new method show it to be robust, functioning well in a variety of practical signal processing applications. C1 CALIF STATE UNIV LONG BEACH,DEPT ELECT ENGN,LONG BEACH,CA 90840. USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,MONTEREY,CA 93943. DEF LAB QUARTER,HYDERABAD 500258,ANDHRA PRADESH,INDIA. RP Soderstrand, MA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. NR 9 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1057-7130 J9 IEEE T CIRCUITS-II JI IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II-Analog Digit. Signal Process. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 44 IS 3 BP 217 EP 225 DI 10.1109/82.558456 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA WM571 UT WOS:A1997WM57100008 ER PT J AU Gavish, B Sridhar, S AF Gavish, B Sridhar, S TI Threshold priority policy for channel assignment in cellular networks SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS LA English DT Article DE channel assignment; cellular networks; priority policy; mobility; handoff AB This paper presents a new policy called the threshold priority policy (TPP) for assigning channels in cellular networks. The performance of TPP is compared with the performance of the well-known cutoff priority policy (CPP) and the nonprioritized complete sharing policy (CSP). Several numerical experiments are done for various values of offered load and portable mobility. The results are compared using three unified performance metrics which take into account the trade-off between new call blocking probability and the forced termination probability. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT SYST MANAGEMENT,MONTEREY,CA 93943. RP Gavish, B (reprint author), VANDERBILT UNIV,OWEN GRAD SCH MANAGEMENT,NASHVILLE,TN 37203, USA. NR 12 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 SN 0018-9340 J9 IEEE T COMPUT JI IEEE Trans. Comput. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 46 IS 3 BP 367 EP 370 DI 10.1109/12.580432 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA WN994 UT WOS:A1997WN99400011 ER PT J AU Ffrench, PA Zeidler, JR Ku, WH AF Ffrench, PA Zeidler, JR Ku, WH TI Enhanced detectability of small objects in correlated clutter using an improved 2-D adaptive lattice algorithm SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID FILTER AB Two-dimensional (2-D) adaptive filtering is a technique that can be applied to many image processing applications. This paper will focus on the development of an improved 2-D adaptive lattice algorithm (2-D AL) and its application to the removal of correlated clutter to enhance the detectability of small objects in images. The two improvements proposed here are increased flexibility in the calculation of the reflection coefficients and a 2-D method to update the correlations used in the 2-D AL algorithm, The 2-D AL algorithm is shown to predict correlated clutter in image data and the resulting filter is compared with an ideal Wiener-Hopf filter, The results of the clutter removal will be compared to previously published ones for a 2-D least mean square (LMS) algorithm. 2-D AL is better able to predict spatially varying clutter than the 2-D LMS algorithm, since it converges faster to new image properties, Examples of these improvements are shown for a spatially varying 2-D sinusoid in white noise and simulated clouds, The 2-D LMS and 2-D AL algorithms are also shown to enhance a mammogram image for the detection of small microcalcifications and stellate lesions. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. USN,COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RDT&E DIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. RP Ffrench, PA (reprint author), DIGITAL TRANSPORT SYST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92127, USA. NR 20 TC 47 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1057-7149 J9 IEEE T IMAGE PROCESS JI IEEE Trans. Image Process. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 6 IS 3 BP 383 EP 397 DI 10.1109/83.557341 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA WL075 UT WOS:A1997WL07500003 PM 18282934 ER PT J AU Schneidewind, NF AF Schneidewind, NF TI Reliability modeling for safety-critical software SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RELIABILITY LA English DT Article DE software reliability prediction; safety-critical software; risk analysis ID STOP AB Software reliability predictions can increase trust in the reliability of safety critical software such as the NASA Space Shuttle Primary Avionics Software System (Shuttle flight software). This objective was achieved using a novel approach to integrate software-safety criteria, risk analysis, reliability prediction, and stopping rules for testing. This approach applies to other safety-critical software. We cover only the safety of the software in a safety-critical system. The hardware and human-operator components of such systems are not explicitly modeled nor are the hardware and operator-induced software failures. The concern is with reducing the risk of all failures attributed to software. Thus, safety refers to software-safety and not to system-safety. By improving the software reliability, where the reliability measurements & predictions are directly related to mission & crew safety, we contribute to system safety. Remaining failures (RF), maximum failures, total test time (TTT) required to attain a given fraction of RF and time to next failure (TTNF) are shown to be useful reliability measures & predictions for: providing assurance that the software has achieved safety goals; rationalizing how long to test a piece of software; analyzing the risk of not achieving RF & TTNF goals. Having predictions of the extent that the software is not fault free (RF) and whether it is likely to survive a mission (TTNF) provide criteria for assessing the risk of deploying the software. Furthermore, 'fraction of RF' can be used as both an operational-quality goal in predicting TTT requirements and, conversely, as an indicator of operational-quality as a function of TTT expended. Software reliability models provide one of several tools that software managers of the Shuttle flight software are using to assure that the software meets required safety goals. Other tools are inspections, software reviews, testing, change control boards, and perhaps most important - experience & judgement. RP Schneidewind, NF (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,CODE SM-SS,MONTEREY,CA 93043, USA. NR 20 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9529 J9 IEEE T RELIAB JI IEEE Trans. Reliab. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 46 IS 1 BP 88 EP 98 DI 10.1109/24.589933 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA WT232 UT WOS:A1997WT23200018 ER PT J AU Karle, J AF Karle, J TI The role of motivation in scientific research .4. The nature of basic research and its implications SO INTERDISCIPLINARY SCIENCE REVIEWS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of Nobel Laureates CY JUN 26-30, 1995 CL LINDAU, GERMANY AB Four scientific areas are used as examples of the role of curiosity driven basic research in generating extensive and generally unanticipated advances in science and technology, The four examples concern lasers, nuclear magnetic resonance, macromolecular structure determination, and biotechnology, The paths of the scientific and technological developments in these areas are presented in some detail. It is indicated that the origins of these areas of research were, in fact, quite remote from the current technologies that they generated, both in time and context. This feature of scientific and technological development occurs very often and emphasises the potential loss of scientific culture and new technologies of high economic value when the broad support of basic research is curtailed. RP Karle, J (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, STRUCT MATTER LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 0308-0188 J9 INTERDISCIPL SCI REV JI Interdiscip. Sci. Rev. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 22 IS 1 BP 78 EP 84 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA WX165 UT WOS:A1997WX16500012 ER PT J AU Dick, SJ AF Dick, SJ TI Ancient astronomers - Aveni,AF SO ISIS LA English DT Book Review RP Dick, SJ (reprint author), USN OBSERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20392, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0021-1753 J9 ISIS JI Isis PD MAR PY 1997 VL 88 IS 1 BP 131 EP 132 DI 10.1086/383641 PG 2 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA WY215 UT WOS:A1997WY21500018 ER PT J AU Harris, VG Williams, CM Abe, M Zhang, Q AF Harris, VG Williams, CM Abe, M Zhang, Q TI Multiple-scattering extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis of spinel ferrites: Cation site distribution in NiZn-Ferrite films SO JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Ferrites (ICF 7) CY SEP 03-06, 1996 CL BORDEAUX, FRANCE ID ELECTRON-YIELD AB We have applied extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy to study the cation distribution in a series of spin-sprayed NiZn-ferrite films. A least-squares fitting of experimental EXAFS data with theoretical, multiple-scattering, EXAFS data allowed the quantitative determination of site distributions for all transition metal cations. C1 MORGAN STATE UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21339. TOKYO INST TECHNOL,MEGURO KU,TOKYO 152,JAPAN. RP Harris, VG (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Harris, Vincent/A-8337-2009 NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1155-4339 J9 J PHYS IV JI J. Phys. IV PD MAR PY 1997 VL 7 IS C1 BP 215 EP 218 DI 10.1051/jp4:1997181 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XE529 UT WOS:A1997XE52900085 ER PT J AU Georgiou, IT Schwartz, IB AF Georgiou, IT Schwartz, IB TI Slaving the in-plane motions of a nonlinear plate to its flexural motions: An invariant manifold approach SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID VIBRATIONS AB We show that the in-plane motions of a nonlinear isotropic plate can be decoupled from its transverse motions. We demonstrate this decoupling by showing analytically and numerically the existence of a global nonlinear invariant manifold in the phase space of three nonlinearly coupled fundamental oscillators describing the amplitudes of the coupled fundamental modes. The invariant manifold carries a continuum of slow periodic motions. In particular, for any motion on the slow invariant manifold the transverse oscillator executes a periodic motion and it slaves the in-plane oscillators into periodic motions of half its period. Furthermore, as the energy level of a motion on the slow manifold increases, the frequency of the largest harmonic of the in-plane motion approaches the in-plane natural frequencies. RP Georgiou, IT (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,SPECIAL PROJECT NONLINEAR SCI,CODE 67003,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Schwartz, Ira/A-8073-2009 NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0021-8936 J9 J APPL MECH-T ASME JI J. Appl. Mech.-Trans. ASME PD MAR PY 1997 VL 64 IS 1 BP 175 EP 182 DI 10.1115/1.2787270 PG 8 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA WV163 UT WOS:A1997WV16300024 ER PT J AU Lillo, RS Parker, EC Porter, WR AF Lillo, RS Parker, EC Porter, WR TI Decompression comparison of helium and hydrogen in rats SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE decompression sickness; diving; hyperbaric; inert gases ID INERT-GASES; NITROGEN; TISSUES; DIVES; RISK AB The hypothesis that there are differences in decompression risk between He and H-2 was examined in 1,607 unanesthetized male albino rats subjected to dives on 2% O-2-balance He or 2% O-2-balance H-2 (depths less than or equal to 50 ATA, bottom times less than or equal to 60 min). The animals were decompressed to 10.8 ATA with profiles varying from rapid to slow with up to four decompression stops of up to 60 min each. Maximum likelihood analysis was used to estimate the relative decompression risk. on a per unit pressure basis (termed ''potency'') and the rate of gas uptake and elimination, both factors affecting the decompression sickness risk, from a specific dive profile. H-2 potency for causing decompression sickness was found to be up to 35% greater than that for He. Uptake rates were unresolvable between the two gases with the time constant (TC) estimated at similar to 2-3 min, leading to saturation in both cases in <15 min. Washout of both gases was significantly slower than uptake, with He washout (TC similar to 1.5-3 h) substantially slower than H-2 washout (TC similar to 0.5 h). It is unknown whether the decompression advantage of the faster washout of H-2 or the disadvantage of its increased potency, observed in the rat, would be important for human diving. RP Lillo, RS (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,DIVING & ENVIRONM PHYSIOL DEPT,CODE 0541,8901 WISCONSIN AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 25 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 82 IS 3 BP 892 EP 901 PG 10 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA WM775 UT WOS:A1997WM77500026 PM 9074979 ER PT J AU Kayar, SR Parker, EC AF Kayar, SR Parker, EC TI Oxygen pulse in guinea pigs in hyperbaric helium and hydrogen SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE diving; heart rate; high-pressure neurologic syndrome; metabolic rate; modeling; oxygen consumption; telemetry; thermoregulation ID MAMMALIAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM; PRESSURE; DIVE; RATS AB We analyzed O-2 pulse, the total volume of O-2 consumed per heart beat, in guinea pigs at pressures from 10 to 60 atmospheres. Animals were placed in a hyperbaric chamber and breathed 2% O-2 in either helium (heliox) or hydrogen (hydrox). Oxygen consumption rate (VO2) was measured by gas chromatographic analysis. Core temperature and heart rate were measured by using surgically implanted radiotelemeters. The VO2 was modulated over a fourfold range by varying chamber temperature from 25 to 36 degrees C. There was a direct correlation between VO2 and heart rate, which was significantly different for animals in heliox vs. hydrox (P = 0.003). By using multivariate regression analysis, we identified variables that were significant to O-2 pulse: body surface area, chamber temperature, core temperature, and pressure. After normalizing for all nonpressure variables, the residual O-2 pulse was found to decrease significantly (P = 0.02) with pressure for animals in heliox but did not decrease significantly (P = 0.38) with pressure for animals in hydrox over the range of pressures studied. This amounted to a roughly 25% lower O-2 pulse for normothermic animals in 60 atmospheres heliox vs. hydrox. These results suggest that reduction of cardiovascular efficiency in a hyperbaric environment can be mitigated by the choice of breathing gas. RP Kayar, SR (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,ALBERT R BEHNKE DIVING MED RES CTR,8901 WISCONSIN AVE,CODE 0512,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 82 IS 3 BP 988 EP 997 PG 10 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA WM775 UT WOS:A1997WM77500039 PM 9074992 ER PT J AU Kaushal, S LaRussa, VF Hall, ER Gartner, S Kim, JH Perera, LP Yu, Z Kessler, SW Mosca, JD AF Kaushal, S LaRussa, VF Hall, ER Gartner, S Kim, JH Perera, LP Yu, Z Kessler, SW Mosca, JD TI Providing a microenvironment for the development of human CD34+ hematopoietic cells in SCID mice SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE SCID mice; hematopoiesis; stromal cells; CD34+ cells; microenvironment ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; BONE-MARROW; HU MICE; STEM-CELLS; ANTIGENIC ANALYSIS; PROGENITOR CELLS; IN-VITRO; MOUSE; DIFFERENTIATION; GROWTH AB In order to develop a convenient small-animal model that can support the differentiation of human bone-marrow-derived CD34+ cells, we transplanted SCID mice with an immortalized human stromal cell line, Lof(11-10). The Lof(11-10) cell line has been characterized to produce human cytokines capable of supporting primitive human hematopoietic cell proliferation in vitro. Intraperitoneal injection of Lof(11-10) cells into irradiated SCID mice by itself resulted in a dose-dependent survival of the mice from lethal irradiation. The radioprotective survival was reflected by an increase in the growth and number of mouse bone-marrow-derived committed hematopoietic progenitors. The Lof(11-10) cells localized to the spleen, but not to the bone marrow of these animals and resulted in detectable levels of circulating human IL-6 in their plasma. Secondary intravenous injections of either human or simian CD34+ cells into the Lof(11-10)-transplanted SCID mice resulted in engraftment of injected cells within the bone marrow of these mice. The utility of this small-animal model that allows the growth and differentiation of human CD34+ cells and its potential use in clinical gene therapy protocols are discussed. C1 OSIRIS THERAPEUT INC,BALTIMORE,MD 21231. HENRY M JACKSON FDN ADVANCEMENT MIL MED,ROCKVILLE,MD. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,ROCKVILLE,MD. TULANE CANC CTR,BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTAT PROGRAM,NEW ORLEANS,LA. UNIV MARYLAND,INST HUMAN VIROL,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV HOSP,DEPT NEUROL,BALTIMORE,MD 21287. NIAID,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. SYSTEMIX,PALO ALTO,CA. USN,MED RES UNIT 3,CAIRO,EGYPT. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1021-7770 J9 J BIOMED SCI JI J. Biomed. Sci. PD MAR-JUN PY 1997 VL 4 IS 2-3 BP 61 EP 68 DI 10.1007/BF02255595 PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA YD087 UT WOS:A1997YD08700001 ER PT J AU Heuer, WB Koubek, E AF Heuer, WB Koubek, E TI An investigation into the absorption of infrared light by small molecules - A general chemistry experiment SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th Biennial Conference on Chemical Education CY JUL 31-AUG 04, 1994 CL BUCKNELL UNIV, LEWISBURG, PA HO BUCKNELL UNIV RP Heuer, WB (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 1 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-9584 J9 J CHEM EDUC JI J. Chem. Educ. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 74 IS 3 BP 313 EP 315 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research GA WH165 UT WOS:A1997WH16500022 ER PT J AU Goodberlet, MA Swift, CT Kiley, KP Miller, JL Zaitzeff, JB AF Goodberlet, MA Swift, CT Kiley, KP Miller, JL Zaitzeff, JB TI Microwave remote sensing of coastal zone salinity SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE coastal salinity; coastal ocean temperature; coastal environments; littoral zone AB An operational airborne salinity remote sensing system is now available for coastal and estuarine studies with an accuracy of 1 ppt at 100 m spatial resolution. The system can perform area mapping at a rate of 100 km(2)/hr from low altitude light aircraft. Called the Scanning Low-Frequency Microwave Radiometer (SLFMR), the system is designed to operate from a small single-engine aircraft. The system is composed of an 8-beam 1.4 GHz microwave radiometer, a a-channel infrared radiometer, a Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) receiver for geolocation of the measurements and integral computer control. Working closely with personnel at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS), the SLFMR was fitted to the VIMS U6-A DeHavilland Beaver aircraft. The first test flights of the SLFMR were completed in August 1993 over the Chesapeake Bay and coincided with extensive boat-based monitoring missions conducted by VIMS and Old Dominion University. Due to extensive Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) the 1993 test was not totally successful. The system was subsequently re-flown in 1994 over the Chesapeake Bay in a more friendly RFI environment. In this case, successful remote sensing measurements were made, which compared favorably with in situ data collected by VIMS. A final flight was conducted over Delaware Bay in an even more friendly RFI environment, and the data compared favorably with historical data compiled from ship surveys. C1 UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,AMHERST,MA 01003. COLL WILLIAM & MARY,SCH MARINE SCI,GLOUCESTER POINT,VA 23062. OLD DOMINION UNIV,CTR COASTAL PHYS OCEANOG,NORFOLK,VA 23529. NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,WASHINGTON,DC. RP Goodberlet, MA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 7332,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 12 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD SPR PY 1997 VL 13 IS 2 BP 363 EP 372 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA WW936 UT WOS:A1997WW93600008 ER PT J AU Edwards, A Rao, MV Molnar, B Wickenden, AE Holland, OW Chi, PH AF Edwards, A Rao, MV Molnar, B Wickenden, AE Holland, OW Chi, PH TI Ion implantation doping of OMCVD grown GaN SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38th Electronic Materials Conference (EMC) CY JUN 26-28, 1996 CL UNIV OF CALIF AT SANTA BARBARA, SANTA BARBARA, CA HO UNIV OF CALIF AT SANTA BARBARA DE annealing; gallium nitride; ion implantation; Rutherford back scattering ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; THERMAL-STABILITY; GALLIUM NITRIDE; FILMS; DIFFUSION; DOPANTS; INP; MG AB Doping by ion implantation using Si, O, Mg, and Ca has been studied in single crystal semi-insulating and n-type GaN grown on a-sapphire substrates. The nand p-type dopants used in this study are Si and O; Mg and Ca, respectively. Room temperature activation of Si and O donors has been achieved after 1150 degrees C annealing for 120 s. The activation of Mg and Ca accepters is too low to measure at both room temperature and 300 degrees C. Using higher doses to achieve a measurable p-type conduction increases the amount of damage created by the implantation. Rutherford back scattering measurements on this material indicate that the damage is still present even after the maximum possible heat treatment. Secondary ion mass spectrometry measurements have indicated a redistribution in the measured profiles of Mg due to annealing. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP Edwards, A (reprint author), GEORGE MASON UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,FAIRFAX,VA 22030, USA. NR 34 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 9 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 26 IS 3 BP 334 EP 339 DI 10.1007/s11664-997-0174-9 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA WN137 UT WOS:A1997WN13700042 ER PT J AU Goodell, GG Mork, TO Hutter, JW Nicoll, BK AF Goodell, GG Mork, TO Hutter, JW Nicoll, BK TI Linear dye penetration of a calcium phosphate cement apical barrier SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID SETTING CEMENT; HYDROXIDE AB Linear dye penetration was evaluated in teeth with open apices in which calcium phosphate cement was used as an apical barrier to facilitate obturation. The apical foramens of 42 extracted single-rooted human teeth were opened to a size 90 file. Half the teeth received apical barriers consisting of calcium phosphate cement (CPC) followed by obturation using a customized gutta-percha cone/lateral condensation technique. The other half were obturated without benefit of apical barriers. Linear dye penetration was measured after 48 h exposure to India ink. The teeth receiving apical CPC barriers before obturation had significantly less dye penetration than teeth without apical barriers. Based on its proven biocompatibility and osteconductive potential, calcium phosphate cement may serve well asa replacement for calcium hydroxide in a single-visit immediate apical barrier apexification technique. C1 USN,SCH DENT,RES DEPT,BETHESDA,MD 20889. USN,SCH DENT,ENDODONT DEPT,BETHESDA,MD 20889. USN,SCH DENT,ADV SPECIALTY EDUC PROGRAM ENDODONT,BETHESDA,MD 20889. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 23 IS 3 BP 174 EP 177 DI 10.1016/S0099-2399(97)80270-1 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WL961 UT WOS:A1997WL96100009 PM 9594759 ER PT J AU Ehrich, DG Lundgren, JP Dionne, RA Nicoll, BK Nutter, JW AF Ehrich, DG Lundgren, JP Dionne, RA Nicoll, BK Nutter, JW TI Comparison of triazolam, diazepam, and placebo as outpatient oral premedication for endodontic patients SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID EFFICACY; ANXIETY AB Triazolam and diazepam were compared as oral antianxiety agents in a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study of 79 endodontic patients with elevated anxiety regarding endodontic treatment. Patients who scored greater than or equal to 10 on the Corah Dental Anxiety Survey received oral formulations of triazolam (0.25 mg), diazepam (5 mg), or placebo. Before, during, and after the endodontic procedure, patients completed psychomotor tests and anxiety scales, and were evaluated for 24-h postoperative recall. In comparison with diazepam and placebo, triazolam was significantly better for decreased anxiety (p < 0.05), impaired cognitive function (p < 0.05), patients' rating of drug effectiveness (p < 0.05), and amnesia to clinical events (p < 0.02) and pictures (p < 0.03). Diazepam showed similar trends compared with placebo, but to a lesser degree. Diazepam also had a much longer recovery period. No adverse effects were noted with either drug. These findings suggest that orally administered triazolam (0.25 mg) is a safe and more effective anxiolytic agent than diazepam (5.0 mg) for endodontic patients. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,BALTIMORE COLL DENT SURG,DEPT ENDODONT,SCH DENT,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. NIDR,CLIN PHARMACOL UNIT,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. USN,SCH DENT,ADV SPECIALTY EDUC PROGRAM ENDODONT,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 23 IS 3 BP 181 EP 184 DI 10.1016/S0099-2399(97)80272-5 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WL961 UT WOS:A1997WL96100011 PM 9594761 ER PT J AU Holman, JR AF Holman, JR TI Hereditary hemochromatosis SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY PRACTICE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Scientific Review Session of the American-Academy-of-Family-Physicians Annual Assembly CY OCT 04, 1996 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Acad Family Physicians DE hemochromatosis; iron ID IDIOPATHIC HEMOCHROMATOSIS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; IRON OVERLOAD; BLOOD-DONORS; PREVALENCE; ASSOCIATION; POPULATION; DIAGNOSIS; SURVIVAL AB Hereditary hemochromatosis (HHC) is an inherited disease transmitted in an autosomal recessive pattern. With homozygosity occurring in up to 0.5% of the population, HHC is the most prevalent genetic disease among the white population worldwide and has the same prevalence as the sickle cell trait in the African-American population. An asymptomatic 50-year-old white man presented at the family practice clinic and stated that HHC had been diagnosed in his mother. Laboratory findings showed markedly elevated transferrin saturation and ferritin levels. The diagnosis of HHC was made on the basis of the laboratory results and family history, and therapy was begun. Clinical manifestations of HHC occur late and include diabetes mellitus, cirrhosis, and cardiomyopathy. As end-organ damage is preventable, optimal management involves early diagnosis and lifelong phlebotomy. Diagnosis is made by an elevated transferrin saturation level and an increased serum ferritin value. Hereditary hemochromatosis is a genetic disorder of iron metabolism that has an excellent prognosis if diagnosed early. RP Holman, JR (reprint author), USN HOSP,PUGET SOUND FAMILY MED,CODE 035,HPO1 BOONE RD,BREMERTON,WA 98312, USA. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU APPLETON & LANGE PI E NORWALK PA 25 VAN ZANT ST, E NORWALK, CT 06855 SN 0094-3509 J9 J FAM PRACTICE JI J. Fam. Pract. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 44 IS 3 BP 304 EP & PG 4 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WM913 UT WOS:A1997WM91300011 PM 9071252 ER PT J AU Bandyopadhyay, PR Castano, JM Rice, JQ Philips, RB Nedderman, WH Macy, WK AF Bandyopadhyay, PR Castano, JM Rice, JQ Philips, RB Nedderman, WH Macy, WK TI Low-speed maneuvering hydrodynamics of fish and small underwater vehicles SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ASME Summer Meeting CY JUL 07-11, 1996 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP ASME AB The low-speed maneuvering by fish and small underwater vehicles is considered. The focus is on fluid engineering rather than on biology. An attempt is made to learn from aquatic animals and apply the distilled knowledge to build maneuvering devices. The work is described in three parts. In the first, the morphology of twenty eight species of fish is considered. They are classified into three categories: low speed highly maneuverable, high speed poorly maneuverable, and an overlapping category, viz., high speed highly maneuverable. The qualitative relationship between the length scales of their fins and maneuvering ability is examined. Next, an obstacle-filled aquarium is built and the maneuvering trajectories of two species of fish that are fast yet maneuverable, are video-taped and digitized. Their performance are compared with those of small underwater vehicles. In this manner, the maneuvering ''gap'' between nature and engineering which appears to be large, is quantified. Finally, based on their length scales in species of fish that are deft in maneuvering, a dorsal-fin based maneuvering device is built and its behavior is studied. C1 UNIV RHODE ISL,GRAD SCH OCEANOG,KINGSTON,RI 02881. RP Bandyopadhyay, PR (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,NEWPORT DIV,CODE 8233,NEWPORT,RI 02841, USA. NR 14 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 2 U2 4 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0098-2202 J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD MAR PY 1997 VL 119 IS 1 BP 136 EP 144 DI 10.1115/1.2819099 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA WT471 UT WOS:A1997WT47100020 ER PT J AU Ceccio, S Gowing, S Shen, YT AF Ceccio, S Gowing, S Shen, YT TI The effects of salt water on bubble cavitation SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID NOISE AB Experiments were performed to examine differences in bubble cavitation inception, form, and acoustic emission in fresh and salt water The tests were conducted on an axisymmetric headform known as the ITTC body, and acoustic emission, cavitation bubble size, and cavitation event rates were measured for a variety of cavitation numbers and dissolved air contents at a fixed dynamic head for both fresh and salt water. Differences were detected in the cavitation inception index, cavitation bubble size distribution, and the resulting overall acoustic emission. These differences may be attributed to variations in the freestream nuclei population, and it is hypothesized that the solution of salt reduced the number and size of freestream nuclei. Differences in the overall acoustic emission were attributed to variation in the bubble event rate and average maximum bubble size between the fresh and salt water cavitation. C1 USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CARDEROCK DIV,DAVID TAYLOR MODEL BASIN,BETHESDA,MD 20084. RP Ceccio, S (reprint author), UNIV MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109, USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0098-2202 J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD MAR PY 1997 VL 119 IS 1 BP 155 EP 163 DI 10.1115/1.2819102 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA WT471 UT WOS:A1997WT47100022 ER PT J AU Koons, HC Roeder, JL Rodriguez, P AF Koons, HC Roeder, JL Rodriguez, P TI Plasma waves observed inside plasma bubbles in the equatorial F region SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SPREAD-F; IONOSPHERE; SATELLITE; FIELDS; PROBE; CRRES AB Plasma waves have been detected within and around density depletions in the topside equatorial F region by the electric and magnetic field sensors of the Extremely Low Frequency Wave Analyzer (ELFWA) instrument which is part of the Low-Altitude Satellite Studies of Ionospheric Irregularities experiment on the Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite. The plasma waves include both electrostatic waves that have a small magnetic field component and electromagnetic waves propagating in the extraordinary mode. Thus they are not simply zero-frequency irregularities as generally assumed by previous investigators who were working without the benefit of high-sensitivity ac magnetic field measurements. The waves exhibit no resonances or cutoffs at characteristic frequencies of the plasma within the range of the ELFWA which is 2-125 Hz. They occur from late evening to early morning primarily at altitudes around 400-500 km. An example has been observed as high as 1500 km. The waves are associated with plasma depletions from a factor of 2 to a factor of 80 less than the surrounding density. The observations indicate that the waves are related to equatorial spread F. C1 USN, RES LAB, DIV PLASMA PHYS, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RP Koons, HC (reprint author), AEROSP CORP, SPACE & ENVIRONM TECHNOL CTR, POB 92957, MAIL STOP M2-260, LOS ANGELES, CA 90009 USA. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 1997 VL 102 IS A3 BP 4577 EP 4583 DI 10.1029/96JA03465 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WL464 UT WOS:A1997WL46400007 ER PT J AU Ross, IM AF Ross, IM TI Extremal angle of attack over a singular thrust arc in rocket flight SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Article RP Ross, IM (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0731-5090 J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM JI J. Guid. Control Dyn. PD MAR-APR PY 1997 VL 20 IS 2 BP 391 EP 393 DI 10.2514/2.4051 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA WL635 UT WOS:A1997WL63500025 ER PT J AU Tashiro, M Kawakami, Y Abe, R Han, W Hata, D Sugie, K Yao, L Kawakami, T AF Tashiro, M Kawakami, Y Abe, R Han, W Hata, D Sugie, K Yao, L Kawakami, T TI Increased secretion of TNF-alpha by costimulation of mast cells via CD28 and Fc epsilon RI SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE; C-CBL PROTOONCOGENE; BASOPHILIC LEUKEMIA-CELLS; AFFINITY IGE RECEPTOR; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASE; T-LYMPHOCYTES; PHOSPHOLIPASE C-GAMMA-1; CROSS-LINKING; CD28-DEFICIENT MICE AB The present study unequivocally demonstrated the expression of CD28 on murine bone marrow-derived cultured mast cells and a mast cell line, MCP-5. Stimulation of surface CD28 molecules on mast cells with anti-CD28 mAbs induced tyrosine phosphorylation of cellular proteins, including several protein tyrosine kinases and their substrates, such as Itk/Emt (Emt), Btk, Syk, c-Cbl, Shc, and Vav. CD28-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation was followed by a rebound hypophosphorylation. Interestingly, CD28 stimulation alone elicited a low level secretion of TNF-alpha. On the other hand, cross-linking of the high affinity IgE receptor (Fc epsilon RI) on mast cells induces a set of activation events, i.e., degranulation, secretion of eicosanoids, secretion of cytokines, and DNA synthesis. Concurrent stimulation of mast cells through CD28 enhanced Fc epsilon RI-induced TNF-alpha secretion in a dose-dependent manner. Together, the present data suggest a role for CD28-mediated costimulation of mast cells in the initiation and progression of allergic responses and other diseases. C1 LA JOLLA INST ALLERGY & IMMUNOL,DIV IMMUNOBIOL,SAN DIEGO,CA 92121. USN,MED RES INST,IMMUNE CELL BIOL PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01AI33617-02] NR 69 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAR 1 PY 1997 VL 158 IS 5 BP 2382 EP 2389 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA WJ660 UT WOS:A1997WJ66000049 PM 9036988 ER PT J AU Sun, LY Xu, L Chang, H Henry, FA Miller, RM Harmon, JM Nielsen, TB AF Sun, LY Xu, L Chang, H Henry, FA Miller, RM Harmon, JM Nielsen, TB TI Transfection with aFGF cDNA improves wound healing SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Annual Meeting of the Wound-Healing-Society CY APR 27-30, 1995 CL MINNEAPOLIS, MN SP Wound Healing Soc DE gene therapy; diabetic mice; cytokine expression ID FIBROBLAST GROWTH-FACTOR; GENETICALLY DIABETIC MOUSE; HUMAN GENE-THERAPY; FACTOR-I; EXPRESSION; MUSCLE; INVIVO; ULCERS; CELLS; SEQUENCE AB Somatic gene therapy is a potentially useful strategy for the delivery of growth factors or cytokines to enhance wound healing. Experimental excisional and incisional wounds in impaired-healing diabetic mice (db/db) were treated with aFGF and with a plasmid coding for aFGF. A eukaryotic expression plasmid composed of the Hst signal peptide sequence in-frame with the human aFGF sequence was used. Transfection of tissues was accomplished either by direct plasmid uptake or by uptake facilitated with cationic liposomes. The results show that the closure of excisional wounds was significantly accelerated (p < 0.05) by topical application of human recombinant aFGF or by transfection with the aFGF plasmid but not by vehicle or control plasmid not containing the aFGF sequence. In incisional wounds, aFGF or transfection with the plasmid significantly increased the wound-breaking strength compared to their corresponding controls (p < 0.05). Quantitative histology of the plasmid-treated incisional wound sections revealed improved wound quality. The transcription of mRNA from human aFGF cDNA in the incisional wound tissue extracts was confirmed by RT-PCR, and the expressed aFGF was detected by immune dot blot and immunohistochemistry assays. The transfection was a transient process with a peak at 9 d in db/+ (littermates of the diabetic mice) incisional wounds, at 36 d in db/db incisional wounds, and at 27 d in db/db excisional wounds, Cells transfected with human aFGF occupied up to 6.4% of the transectional area in the wound sites, Thus, aFGF gene delivery resulted in both gene expression and a functional improvement in healing. C1 USN,MED RES INST,RESUSCITAT MED PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889. USN,MED RES INST,DEPT PATHOBIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20889. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SURG SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20422. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT SURG,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 37 TC 78 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 108 IS 3 BP 313 EP 318 DI 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12286471 PG 6 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA WJ663 UT WOS:A1997WJ66300014 PM 9036931 ER PT J AU Packard, WE Dow, JD Doverspike, K Kaplan, R Nicolaides, R AF Packard, WE Dow, JD Doverspike, K Kaplan, R Nicolaides, R TI Vacancy structures on the GaN(0001) surface SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DEFECTS; LAYERS; GAN AB Scanning tunneling microscopy images are reported for the wurtzite GaN(0001) surface. Terraces are observed, with three kinds of defect structures that are assigned to ordered N-vacancies: (i) striations perpendicular to the step edges, (ii) row defects spaced about 16 Angstrom that intersect the steps at an angle of 30 degrees, and (iii) ''oval'' defects that result from intersections of lines of vacancies (oriented at 60 degrees with respect to step edges) with the row defects. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. INST POSTDOCTORAL STUDIES,ST JOHN,VI 00830. RP Packard, WE (reprint author), ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,TEMPE,AZ 85287, USA. NR 13 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 12 IS 3 BP 646 EP 650 DI 10.1557/JMR.1997.0098 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA WM879 UT WOS:A1997WM87900017 ER PT J AU McClatchey, SK Parks, MM AF McClatchey, SK Parks, MM TI Myopic shift after cataract removal in childhood SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC OPHTHALMOLOGY & STRABISMUS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 21st Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Pediatric-Ophthalmology-and-Strabismus CY APR, 1995 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Amer Assoc Pediat Ophthalmol & Strabismus ID OCULAR AXIAL LENGTH; INTRAOCULAR-LENS IMPLANTATION; APHAKIC CHILDREN; PSEUDOPHAKIA; EYE AB Background: Children who have had cataract removal tend to have decreasing hyperopia (myopic shift) as they grow older. We wondered if the rate of myopic shift could be determined by age at surgery, cataract type, glaucoma, or other factors. Methods: We studied 156 aphakic eyes of children who had cataract surgery before age 10 and documented refractions for more than 3 years. Refraction was corrected with contact lenses and spectacles; glaucoma was managed with medicine and surgery. Stepwise multiple regression was used to analyze differences in the rate of myopic shift between subgroups. Results: The average refraction tended to follow a logarithmic decline with age (P < 0.01, R(2) = 0.97). The average rate of myopic shift (the slope of spectacle plane refraction vs log of age, where age is in years and log is base 10) was -5.5, with a standard deviation of 3.8. Age at surgery had a small but statistically significant effect on the rate (P < 0.01, R(2) = 0.04). No other studied factor reached statistical significance. However, among the 86 eyes with cataract removal after age 6 months, age at surgery was not as significant (P = 0.21), and unilateral cataract eyes tended to have a greater rate than bilateral cataract eyes (-7.7 vs -5.7; P = 0.05, R(2) = 0.05). Conclusions: Aphakic refraction tends to follow a logarithmic decline with age. The rate of myopic shift is determined partly by age at surgery and whether the cataract was unilateral or bilateral, although the effects are small. A wide variation in the rate of myopic shift exists. The following factors made little difference in the rate: cataract type, glaucoma, sex, side, and best corrected visual acuity. C1 CHILDRENS NATL MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20010. RP McClatchey, SK (reprint author), USN,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA, USA. NR 25 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 1 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0191-3913 J9 J PEDIAT OPHTH STRAB JI J. Pediatr. Ophthalmol. Strabismus. PD MAR-APR PY 1997 VL 34 IS 2 BP 88 EP 95 PG 8 WC Ophthalmology; Pediatrics SC Ophthalmology; Pediatrics GA WP011 UT WOS:A1997WP01100005 PM 9083953 ER PT J AU Bond, CD Hennrikus, WL DellaMaggiore, ED AF Bond, CD Hennrikus, WL DellaMaggiore, ED TI Prospective evaluation of newborn soft-tissue hip ''clicks'' with ultrasound SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC ORTHOPAEDICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Orthopaedic-Surgeons CY FEB 20, 1995 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Amer Acad Orthopaed Surgeons DE developmental dislocation of the hip (DDH); hip click; ultrasound ID CONGENITAL DISLOCATION; RISK; DIAGNOSIS; DYSPLASIA; INFANTS; CDH AB Fifty infants with soft-tissue hip ''clicks'' persisting after age 3 months were prospectively studied by using ultrasound. All children demonstrated a stable hip examination by Barlow and Ortolani maneuvers; however, a click was palpated with abduction and adduction of the hip. Static ultrasonography demonstrated an average alpha angle of 63 degrees in uninvolved hips and 62 degrees in the clicking hips. All hips had >50% femoral-head coverage by the acetabulum. Dynamic ultrasound examination was normal in all cases. The soft-tissue clicks were not related to instability in this series of 50 infants. C1 USN HOSP,DEPT ORTHOPED SURG & CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. NR 38 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0271-6798 J9 J PEDIATR ORTHOPED JI J. Pediatr. Orthop. PD MAR-APR PY 1997 VL 17 IS 2 BP 199 EP 201 DI 10.1097/00004694-199703000-00011 PG 3 WC Orthopedics; Pediatrics SC Orthopedics; Pediatrics GA WM800 UT WOS:A1997WM80000011 PM 9075095 ER PT J AU Ngai, KL Plazek, DJ Rizos, AK AF Ngai, KL Plazek, DJ Rizos, AK TI Viscoelastic properties of amorphous polymers .5. A coupling model analysis of the thermorheological complexity of polyisobutylene in the class-rubber softening dispersion SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE viscoelasticity; thermorheological complexity; polyisobutylene; glass-rubber softening dispersion; WLF equation ID GLASS-TRANSITION TEMPERATURE; SEGMENTAL MOTION; POLY(PROPYLENE GLYCOL); RECOVERABLE COMPLIANCE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; POLYVINYL ACETATE); NEUTRON-SCATTERING; BULK POLYMERS; BEHAVIOR; DEPENDENCE AB Isothermal data of high molecular weight polyisobutylene obtained by mechanical measurements with a spectral range over eight decades and additional photon correlation measurements have found that there are three distinct viscoelastic mechanisms in the glass-rubber transition zone. Theoretical considerations have helped to identify these three mechanisms to originate separately from local segmental (alpha) modes, sub-Rouse (sR) modes, and Rouse (R) modes. The temperature dependences of the shift factors of these mechanisms, a(T,alpha), a(T,sR) and a(T,R), determined over a common temperature range are found to be all different. The differences in temperature dependences are explained quantitatively by the coupling model. The local segmental motion contributes to compliances ranging from the glassy compliance, J(g), up to 10(-8.5) Pa-1. The sub-Rouse modes contribute in the compliance range, 10(-8.5) less than or equal to J(t) less than or equal to 10(-7) Pa-1. The Rouse modes account for the compliances in the range of 10(-7) Pa-1 less than or equal to J(t) less than or equal to J(plateau), where J(plateau) is the plateau compliance. The magnitudes of the bounds given here are only rough estimates. Shift factors, a(T), obtained by time-temperature superpositioning of viscoelastic data taken in the softening transition over a limited experimental window are shown to be a combination of the three individual shifts factors, a(T,alpha), a(T,sR), and a(T,R). Consequently, care must be exercised in interpreting or using the WLF equation that fits the shift factors of the entire softening dispersion, because the latter do not describe the temperature dependence of any one of the three viscoelastic mechanisms. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15261. UNIV CRETE,DEPT CHEM,IRAKLION,GREECE. RES CTR CRETE,GR-71110 IRAKLION,GREECE. RP Ngai, KL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6807,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Rizos, Apostolos/F-6807-2011 NR 66 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 2 U2 16 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 35 IS 4 BP 599 EP 614 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0488(199703)35:4<599::AID-POLB8>3.0.CO;2-L PG 16 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA WL260 UT WOS:A1997WL26000008 ER PT J AU Lewis, H Grun, C Salkind, A AF Lewis, H Grun, C Salkind, A TI Cellulosic separator applications: New and improved separators for alkaline rechargeable cells SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Power Sources Symposium on Research and Development in Non-Mechanical Electrical Power Sources CY APR 21-23, 1997 CL BRIGHTON, ENGLAND SP Int Power Sources Symp Ltd DE cellulosic separators; separators; alkaline rechargeable cells AB A study has been established at Naval Surface Warfare Center, Crane Division (NAVSURFWARCENDIV) and Rutgers University to obtain material analysis data on cellulosic separator properties such as tensile strength and swelling of alkaline-soaked film samples, degree of polymerization and crystallinity, cationic and anionic diffusion and penetration rates in alkaline media, and X-ray diffraction for crystallinity. These data are then related to cycle- and wet-life information from model electrochemical cells as a function of separator composition on an alkaline chemistry rechargeable cell set. The first examples used in this program are silver-zinc rechargeable cells of 28 Ah capacity, identical in every respect except for the separator composition, which are being tested in statistically significant numbers under identical temperature and relative humidity conditions, with 45% KOH as the electrolyte. The cycle-life test regime of continuous cycling is: C/5 discharge to 1.30 V, and C/30 and C/60 charge to 2.03 V, while the wet-life test regime includes a 30-day wet-stand at full charge between cycles. At the outset of the cell testing, a baseline cell was selected from each set in the matrix after the so-called formation cycling was complete, and the physical properties of crystallinity, tensile strength, and degree of polymerization were re-measured. Then, at intervals during cycle- and wet-life cycling, and as cells fail the life tests, these properties will be measured again for selected cells. In this way a correlation will be established between separator life under charge/discharge conditions in actual cells and the critical physical properties of each separator film. Eight separator compositions, all cellulose-based, are being evaluated. The purpose of the study is to utilize the cycle- and wet-life data which are a function of separator composition and physical properties in the alkaline chemistry rechargeable cell set, to designate a 'best' separator for incorporation into actual production cells by the manufacturing community for silver/zinc rechargeable cells. The recommendations will take the form of minimum separator physical properties which are beneficial to cell performance and long life, resulting in an improvement in the assets available for Fleet use in the US Navy. This paper discusses the data available to date on cycle- and wet-life, and their relationship to separator physical properties before and at several stages during cycling. C1 RUTGERS STATE UNIV,COLL ENGN,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08855. UNIV MED & DENT NEW JERSEY,ROBERT WOOD JOHNSON MED SCH,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08854. RP Lewis, H (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,300 HIGHWAY 361,CRANE,IN 47522, USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAR-APR PY 1997 VL 65 IS 1-2 BP 29 EP 38 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(96)02650-X PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA XE950 UT WOS:A1997XE95000007 ER PT J AU Smith, DF Graybill, GR Grubbs, RK Gucinski, JA AF Smith, DF Graybill, GR Grubbs, RK Gucinski, JA TI New developments in very high rate silver oxide electrodes SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Power Sources Symposium on Research and Development in Non-Mechanical Electrical Power Sources CY APR 21-23, 1997 CL BRIGHTON, ENGLAND SP Int Power Sources Symp Ltd DE silver oxides; zinc anode reserve batteries AB Cathodes for primary silver/zinc cells were prepared using chemically synthesized silver oxides (both monovalent and divalent). The oxides were mixed with PTFE binder but with no conductive fillers for this work. The electrodes were discharged galvanostatically over a broad range of current densities (40-500 mA cm(-2)) and temperature (7-40 degrees C) in 6.3 M KOH electrolyte. The discharge capacity was greater than 90% of the theoretical value for both oxides under such conditions. At high rate (500 mA cm(-2)) the overvoltage of the monovalent oxide is about 50 mV less than that for the divalent oxide. A 42% improvement in energy density over anodized silver cathodes was demonstrated with the chemical AgO electrodes. C1 EMF SYST INC,BOULDER CREEK,CA 95006. USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CRANE,IN. NR 11 TC 25 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAR-APR PY 1997 VL 65 IS 1-2 BP 47 EP 52 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(97)02467-1 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA XE950 UT WOS:A1997XE95000009 ER PT J AU Dow, EG Bessette, RR Seeback, GL MarshOrndorff, C Meunier, H VanZee, J Medeiros, MG AF Dow, EG Bessette, RR Seeback, GL MarshOrndorff, C Meunier, H VanZee, J Medeiros, MG TI Enhanced electrochemical performance in the development of the aluminum hydrogen peroxide semi-fuel cell SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Power Sources Symposium on Research and Development in Non-Mechanical Electrical Power Sources CY APR 21-23, 1997 CL BRIGHTON, ENGLAND SP Int Power Sources Symp Ltd DE aluminum anode primary batteries; hydrogen peroxide; applications, underwater vehicles ID ALKALINE; BATTERIES; CORROSION; ADDITIVES; BEHAVIOR AB Significant accomplishments from this research effort have defined and characterized the nature and rate of the chemical dynamics at the anode and cathode, thus allowing the development of the aluminum/hydrogen peroxide couple as an energy-dense semi-fuel cell system. This effort has included the investigation of new aluminum alloys, development of new electrocatalysts for the hydrogen peroxide, optimization of the operating parameters and modelling of the electrochemical performance of the couple. Furthermore, it has demonstrated a technique that will enhance the electrochemical properties of selected aluminum anodes, while controlling unwanted corrosion reactions at a tolerable level, The unique methodology described in this paper involves the use of additives to activate the surface of the aluminum anode-electrolyte, thus avoiding alloying, processing and heat treating, In addition to this anode development, we have identified a novel electrocatalyst that enhances effective and efficient electrochemical reduction of hydrogen peroxide, thus shifting the predilection of the peroxide from parasitic decomposition to desired high rate electrochemical reduction. The improved performance of this electrochemical couple has led to the attainment of current densities of 500 to 800 mA cm(-2), five to seven times that originally achievable at comparable cell voltages of 1.4 to 1.2. System-level modelling, based on the experimental evidence reported in this paper, indicates that the aluminum/hydrogen peroxide couple is a versatile and energetic electrochemical energy source. C1 SE MASSACHUSETTS UNIV,DEPT CHEM,N DARTMOUTH,MA 02747. TRANSYLVANIA UNIV,DEPT NAT SCI,LEXINGTON,KY 40508. ASSOCIATED WESTERN UNIV INC,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84124. ASSUMPTION COLL,DEPT CHEM,WORCESTER,MA 02702. UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT CHEM ENGN,COLUMBIA,SC 29208. SYST INTEGRAT & RES INC,MIDDLETOWN,RI 02840. RP Dow, EG (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,NEWPORT,RI 02841, USA. NR 15 TC 44 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAR-APR PY 1997 VL 65 IS 1-2 BP 207 EP 212 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(97)02474-9 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA XE950 UT WOS:A1997XE95000032 ER PT J AU Banner, JA Winchester, CS AF Banner, JA Winchester, CS TI High energy battery safety: Anecdotes, issues and approaches SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Power Sources Symposium on Research and Development in Non-Mechanical Electrical Power Sources CY APR 21-23, 1997 CL BRIGHTON, ENGLAND SP Int Power Sources Symp Ltd DE safety reviews AB The safety aspects of a battery's electrochemistry, design and manufacture can determine how, where or even if that battery may be used. Batteries that contain lithium require special consideration; the properties that make lithium useful for energy storage also increase the risks associated with its use. In this paper, safety issues for lithium and non-lithium primary and rechargeable battery systems are described. Historical anecdotes of battery safety incidents, both military and non-military, are presented. The US Navy's approach to lithium battery safety testing is also described. RP Banner, JA (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CARDEROCK DIV,WHITE OAK SITE,10901 NEW HAMPSHIRE AVE,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903, USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAR-APR PY 1997 VL 65 IS 1-2 BP 271 EP 274 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(96)02606-7 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA XE950 UT WOS:A1997XE95000043 ER PT J AU Bracco, MD Wierzbicki, T AF Bracco, MD Wierzbicki, T TI Tearing resistance of advanced double hulls SO JOURNAL OF SHIP RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB This paper studies the cutting by a wedge of advanced double hull (ADH) small-scale models. A total of six cutting experiments were performed with six different wedge geometries. Complex deformation patterns observed in the damaged specimens were simplified to obtain a closed-form upper bound for the steady-state cutting force. The ADH steady-state cutting force solution varied from 6% above to 12% below the experimental mean steady-state force. The absolute average error is 5%. RP Bracco, MD (reprint author), USN,DEPT NAVY,ENGN DUTY OFFICER SCH,PORT HUENEME,CA, USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOC NAVAL ARCH MARINE ENG PI JERSEY CITY PA 601 PAVONIA AVENUE, JERSEY CITY, NJ 07306 SN 0022-4502 J9 J SHIP RES JI J. Ship Res. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 41 IS 1 BP 69 EP 80 PG 12 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA WM258 UT WOS:A1997WM25800007 ER PT J AU Goins, B Phillips, WT Klipper, R Rudolph, AS AF Goins, B Phillips, WT Klipper, R Rudolph, AS TI Role of complement in rats injected with liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PLATELET SEQUESTRATION; RESPONSES; PHAGOCYTOSIS; ENDOTOXEMIA; ACTIVATION; KINETICS; SYSTEM; VITRO AB Previous studies have documented that liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin (LEH) can cause a rapid and transient thrombocytopenia following intravenous injection into small animals. The present study evaluated the role of complement during the LEH-induced thrombocytopenia in rats. We have compared changes in platelet levels in the blood, platelet organ distribution, and total hemolytic complement levels following intravenous administration of LEH in control and complement-depleted rats. Changes in platelet organ distribution at various times after LEH administration were monitored by labeling autologous platelets with indium-lll (In-111)-oxine and imaging the In-111-platelets with a gamma camera after reinjection. Platelet counts were determined by light-scattering methods and by following In-111 radioactivity at various times after LEH administration. Platelet levels did not significantly change for the complement-depleted rats during the 60 min following an injection of LEH, whereas thrombocytopenia (40% decrease) was noted within 4 min post-LEH-injection for control rats with a gradual return to baseline circulating platelet levels within 60 min. This drop in circulating platelets was correlated with a rapid redistribution of In-111-platelets from the circulation to the lungs and liver, whereas complement-depleted rats showed no transient movement of the In-111-platelets from the circulation. Baseline complement levels of 21.6 +/- 2.2 CH50/ml for control rats and 0.2 +/- 0.1 CH50/ml for complement-depleted rats did not significantly change during the 60 min following LEH administration. This study suggests that complement must be present during LEH-induced transient thrombocytopenia, as complement-depleted rats underwent no thrombocytopenia, and that the transient LEH-induced thrombocytopenia may be associated with complement activation. (C) 1997 Academic Press. C1 USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Goins, B (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT RADIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. RI Goins, Beth/F-1311-2010; Phillips, William/E-8427-2010 OI Phillips, William/0000-0001-8248-7817 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01HL53052] NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-4804 J9 J SURG RES JI J. Surg. Res. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 68 IS 2 BP 99 EP 105 DI 10.1006/jsre.1997.5014 PG 7 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA XE287 UT WOS:A1997XE28700002 PM 9184667 ER PT J AU Wurmser, D Orris, GJ Dashen, R AF Wurmser, D Orris, GJ Dashen, R TI Application of the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation to the reduced wave equation in range-dependent environments SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID PARABOLIC EQUATION; INTERNAL WAVES; OCEAN; PROPAGATION; FACTORIZATION; MODEL AB The Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation can be used to reduce the relativistic Klein-Gordon equation to the nonrelativistic Schrodinger equation. This technique is modified and applied to the problem of wave propagation through media with a range-dependent index of refraction. The forward and backward propagating components of the field are decoupled order-by-order to produce a perturbative expansion of the range-dependent parabolic equation. The result includes energy-conserving correction terms that can be associated with a rapid fluctuation of energy between forward and backward propagating solutions of the Helmholtz equation. The approach selects out physical processes which accumulate over the entire range of propagation, distinguishing them from effects which depend solely on the initial and final values of the index of refraction and its derivatives. It is also shown that the corresponding backscatter mechanism is fundamentally nonperturbative, so that the parabolic equation technique as applied to the problem of propagation through range-dependent media generates an asymptotic expansion of the exact solution. This procedure has been applied to long-distance low-frequency propagation through a sound channel with internal waves. For this application, the expansion parameters are typically very small, so the propagation distances must be very large for the effect to be detectable. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,LA JOLLA,CA 92037. RP Wurmser, D (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 53 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 101 IS 3 BP 1309 EP 1327 DI 10.1121/1.418159 PG 19 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA WP115 UT WOS:A1997WP11500010 ER PT J AU Hayward, TJ AF Hayward, TJ TI Classification by multiple-resolution statistical analysis with application to automated recognition of marine mammal sounds SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID DESIGN AB A multiple-resolution statistical pattern recognition technique for classification by supervised learning is developed and then applied to automated recognition of marine mammal sounds. The data to be classified may be either unprocessed or transformed, e.g., time series or time-frequency distributions of acoustic transients. Training data consist of samples previously grouped by a human expert into labeled sets; these sets are presumed to be associated with different ''classes.'' The labeled sets are then characterized by occupancy statistics associated with a multiple-resolution, binary partition of the (unreduced) sample space. Classification of a new sample is performed by calculating a posteriori probabilities of membership of the new sample in each class, computed by Bayesian inference from the occupancy statistics of the associated labeled set. These a posteriori probabilities are calculated by a recursive algorithm that progresses from coarse to fine resolution in the sample space. The algorithm is implemented in a simple, highly efficient computer program. Automated classification of both time series and time-frequency distributions of marine-mammal vocalizations is demonstrated using a small number of labeled samples (approximately ten samples per class). RP Hayward, TJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 101 IS 3 BP 1516 EP 1526 DI 10.1121/1.418106 PG 11 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA WP115 UT WOS:A1997WP11500030 PM 9069622 ER PT J AU Brown, JR Zyzak, MD Callahan, JH Thomas, G AF Brown, JR Zyzak, MD Callahan, JH Thomas, G TI A spray management valve for hand-compression sprayers SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB The commercially available spray management valve provided consistent flow rates when used with hand-compression sprayer systems. The 15-psi spray management valve maintained a constant flow rate of 180, 150, and 155 ml/min in combination with a fine 45 degrees flat fan nozzle and Hudson, B&G, and Chapin hand-compression sprayers, respectively. The 30-psi spray management valve maintained a constant flow rate and adequate spray-on time when combined with the coarse flat fan nozzle for each of the 3 hand-compression sprayers tested. C1 2D MED BATAL,MARFORLANT,FSSG 2D,CAMP LEJEUNE,NC 28542. RP Brown, JR (reprint author), USN,AIR STN,NAVY DIS VECTOR ECOL & CONTROL CTR,POB 43,JACKSONVILLE,FL 32212, USA. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSN INC PI LAKE CHARLES PA 707-A EAST PRIEN LAKE ROAD, PO BOX 5416, LAKE CHARLES, LA 70606-5416 SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 13 IS 1 BP 84 EP 86 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA WY839 UT WOS:A1997WY83900014 PM 9152880 ER PT J AU Brown, JR William, DC Melson, RO Gwinn, T AF Brown, JR William, DC Melson, RO Gwinn, T TI An electrostatic backpack sprayer: Potential for mosquito control SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB A Southwest Electrostatic Sprayers, Inc., nozzle was configured to a Hudson PortaPak(R) backpack. A test was run to compare deposition of BVA no. 13 oil by the electrostatic nozzle to a standard nonelectrostatic nozzle as collected by Teflon(R) slides. Results indicate that 100% greater deposition occurred with the electrostatic nozzle. C1 USC,ICPHR,MCCLELLANVILLE,SC 29458. RP Brown, JR (reprint author), USN,NAVY DIS VECTOR ECOL & CONTROL CTR,AIR STN,BOX 43,JACKSONVILLE,FL 32212, USA. NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSN INC PI LAKE CHARLES PA 707-A EAST PRIEN LAKE ROAD, PO BOX 5416, LAKE CHARLES, LA 70606-5416 SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 13 IS 1 BP 90 EP 91 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA WY839 UT WOS:A1997WY83900016 PM 9152882 ER PT J AU Daley, R AF Daley, R TI Atmospheric data assimilation SO JOURNAL OF THE METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd WMO International Symposium on Assimilation of Observations in Meteorology and Oceanography CY MAR 13-17, 1995 CL TOKYO, JAPAN SP World Meteorol Org ID NORMAL MODE INITIALIZATION; METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS; VARIATIONAL ASSIMILATION AB This paper provides an overview of atmospheric data assimilation. It is shown how data assimilation developed historically from the requirement to provide initial conditions for numerical weather prediction. The basic concepts of atmospheric data assimilation are discussed, starting with the scalar case, and progressing through three dimensional spatial analysis to the full four dimensional problem. The most advanced algorithms (4DVAR and the Kalman filter) are introduced briefly and their relation to the simpler algorithms explored. The control of undesirable high frequency oscillations is sketched. The present state of atmospheric data assimilation is discussed and possible future developments are suggested. RP Daley, R (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, 7 GRACE HOPPER AVE, MONTEREY, CA 93943 USA. NR 26 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU METEOROLOGICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA C/O JAPAN METEOROLOGICAL AGENCY 1-3-4 OTE-MACHI, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 100-0004, JAPAN SN 0026-1165 EI 2186-9057 J9 J METEOROL SOC JPN JI J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 75 IS 1B BP 319 EP 329 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA XG476 UT WOS:A1997XG47600014 ER PT J AU Smedstad, OM Fox, DN Hurlburt, HE Jacobs, GA Metzger, EJ Mitchell, JL AF Smedstad, OM Fox, DN Hurlburt, HE Jacobs, GA Metzger, EJ Mitchell, JL TI Altimeter data assimilation into a 1/8 degrees eddy resolving model of the Pacific Ocean SO JOURNAL OF THE METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd WMO International Symposium on Assimilation of Observations in Meteorology and Oceanography CY MAR 13-17, 1995 CL TOKYO, JAPAN SP World Meteorol Org ID TOPEX/POSEIDON MISSION; GEOSAT ALTIMETRY; GULF-STREAM; CIRCULATION; ARRAY AB Satellite altimeter data from both ERS-1 and TOPEX/POSEIDON have been assimilated into a 1/8 degrees eddy-resolving model of the Pacific Ocean north of 20 degrees S. We present strong evidence of significant oceanographic impact from this assimilation by direct comparison with two independent sets of observations, tide gauge sea level data and frontal locations from satellite infrared (IR) imagery. The assimilation of altimeter data provides marked and highly significant improvement in the accuracy of the model output in representing observed oceanic variations over most of the North Pacific basin. Additionally, it gives improved model accuracy in locating mesoscale eddies and meandering frontal structure in non-deterministic oceanographic regions like the Kuroshio-Kuroshio Extension. In regions where the ocean has a strong deterministic response to wind forcing, such as the equatorial region and. along the American Pacific coast, the model has a high correlation with observed sea level variations before assimilation and the improvements are smaller. They are also small along the coast of Japan due to the importance of flow instabilities in this region and their relatively short time and space scales. C1 USN, RES LAB, STENNIS SPACE CTR, MS 39529 USA. UNIV COLORADO, COLORADO CTR ASTRODYNAM RES, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. RP Smedstad, OM (reprint author), PLANNING SYST INC, STENNIS SPACE CTR, MS 39529 USA. RI Jacobs, Gregg/C-1456-2008 NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEOROLOGICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA C/O JAPAN METEOROLOGICAL AGENCY 1-3-4 OTE-MACHI, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 100-0004, JAPAN SN 0026-1165 EI 2186-9057 J9 J METEOROL SOC JPN JI J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 75 IS 1B BP 429 EP 444 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA XG476 UT WOS:A1997XG47600023 ER PT J AU Jones, RL AF Jones, RL TI Some aspects of the hot corrosion of thermal barrier coatings SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL SPRAY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hot corrosion; molten salts; oxide acid-base reactions; thermal barrier coating; zirconia phase stability ID ZIRCONIA-YTTRIA; STABILIZED ZIRCONIA; PHASE-RELATIONSHIPS; SYSTEM; OXIDES; DEPOSITION; VANADATE; CEO2 AB This paper reviews the hot corrosion of zirconia-based thermal barrier coatings for engine applications, Emphasis is placed on understanding the chemical reactions, and such other mechanisms as can be identified, that cause corrosive degradation of the thermal barrier coating, The various approaches taken to improve the hot corrosion resistance of thermal barrier coatings are also briefly described and critiqued. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 55 TC 97 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 9 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 SN 1059-9630 J9 J THERM SPRAY TECHN JI J. Therm. Spray Technol. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 6 IS 1 BP 77 EP 84 DI 10.1007/BF02646315 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Materials Science GA WM436 UT WOS:A1997WM43600009 ER PT J AU Buckley, LJ Snow, AW AF Buckley, LJ Snow, AW TI Physical properties and microelectronic applications of low permittivity fluoromethylene cyanate ester resins SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article AB A series of fluoromethylene cyanate ester resins have been synthesized and studied as potential low dielectric resins for microelectronics. Physical properties were observed to change with the fluoromethylene segment length in the monomer. The polymer can be formed from a stable oligomer that is thermally converted in a single step to a crosslinked thermoset. The complex permittivity decreases with the number of fluoromethylenes in the monomer. The dielectric constant changes significantly with the n=6 monomer and appears to show very little change for the n=8, 10 compounds. The loss tangent appears to have a downward trend with increasing fluoromethylene chain length. Complex permittivities of select systems were studied up to frequencies as high as 40 GHz. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to determine melting points of the monomer series and show them increasing with the fluoromethylene chain length. With a broad exothermic curing reaction between 200 and 300 degrees C, the process window is sequentially shortened as the number of fluoromethylenes increases. This makes the processing of the larger monomers (i.e., n=8, 10) very difficult. A comparison of physical properties and ease of processing shows the n=6 compound to be an optimum compromise. A prepolymer of the n=6 system (F6Cy) was made for spin coat processing with a conversion of 30%-40% determined by F-19 NMR. A 2 h cure at 175 degrees C was found to crosslink the material sufficiently for potential microelectronic applications. Excellent gap fill was observed via SEM of spin coated test wafers. Contact angle measurements and ASTM tape tests indicate good surface wetting and adhesion. RP Buckley, LJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAR-APR PY 1997 VL 15 IS 2 BP 259 EP 266 DI 10.1116/1.589275 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA WU267 UT WOS:A1997WU26700015 ER PT J AU Breslow, LA Aha, DW AF Breslow, LA Aha, DW TI Simplifying decision trees: A survey SO KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING REVIEW LA English DT Review ID MINIMUM DESCRIPTION LENGTH; CLASSIFIER DESIGN; FEATURE-SELECTION; INDUCTION; ALGORITHM; RULES; INFORMATION; ACCURACY AB Induced decision trees are an extensively-researched solution to classification tasks. For many practical tasks, the trees produced by tree-generation algorithms are not comprehensible to users due to their size and complexity. Although many tree induction algorithms have been shown to produce simpler, more comprehensible trees (or data structures derived from trees) with good classification accuracy, tree simplification has usually been of secondary concern relative to accuracy, and no attempt has been made to survey the literature from the perspective of simplification. We present a framework that organizes the approaches to tree simplification and summarize and critique the approaches within this framework. The purpose of this survey is to provide researchers and practitioners with a concise overview of tree-simplification approaches and insight into their relative capabilities. In our final discussion, we briefly describe some empirical findings and discuss the application of tree induction algorithms to case retrieval in case-based reasoning systems. RP Breslow, LA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,NAVY CTR APPL RES ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 143 TC 75 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 8 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0269-8889 J9 KNOWL ENG REV JI Knowl. Eng. Rev. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 12 IS 1 BP 1 EP 40 DI 10.1017/S0269888997000015 PG 40 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA XB948 UT WOS:A1997XB94800001 ER PT J AU Greinwald, JH Lassen, LF AF Greinwald, JH Lassen, LF TI Lipomas of the internal auditory canal SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Virginia-Society-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery CY MAY 26-27, 1995 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA SP Virginia Soc Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg ID MR AB Lipomas of the internal auditory canal (IAC) are rare, benign neoplasms occurring in the third to fifth decade of life predominately in Caucasian males, Eleven cases of IAC lesions have been previously reported; we report four more. Two of four cases showed atypical findings on preoperative radiographic evaluation. These two patients had surgery. Two patients with small tumors elected for observation with close follow-up, Fat suppression of T1-weighted images on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers the most precise preoperative diagnostic tool of IAC lipomas, Because of the infiltrative nature of these tumors, hearing conservation surgery is unlikely to succeed, We recommend observation for those patients with small tumors and serviceable hearing. C1 EASTERN VIRGINIA MED SCH,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG,NORFOLK,VA 23501. RP Greinwald, JH (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG,PORTSMOUTH,VA 23708, USA. NR 14 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD MAR PY 1997 VL 107 IS 3 BP 364 EP 368 DI 10.1097/00005537-199703000-00016 PG 5 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA WQ160 UT WOS:A1997WQ16000015 PM 9121314 ER PT J AU Durham, DL AF Durham, DL TI Naval oceanography for the 21st century - Commentary SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material RP Durham, DL (reprint author), USN,METEOROL & OCEANOG COMMAND,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA C/O I CLAYION MATTHEWS, 1828 L ST, NW, 9TH FL, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0025-3324 J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J. PD SPR PY 1997 VL 31 IS 1 BP 3 EP 5 PG 3 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA XB847 UT WOS:A1997XB84700001 ER PT J AU Durham, DL AF Durham, DL TI Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command: Organization and mission SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB The U.S. Navy's meteorology and oceanography programs were consolidated under a single command in the mid-1970s. This command is now the Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command (NAVMETOCCOM) headquartered at Stennis Space Center in Mississippi. the commander is a Navy Rear Admiral and subordinate commands include two major production centers plus in-theater regional centers colocated with major operational commands in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans and in the Mediterranean sea; the in-theater regional centers have several facilities and detachments reporting to them which are distributed within their geographic areas of responsibility to support tactical commanders. Through this organizational structure, NAVMETOCCOM provides total and tailored environment support to U.S. Naval forces worldwide. This support is in the form of weather and oceanographic nowcasts and forecasts; atmospheric and oceanographic parameter descriptions; data collection, collation and dissemination; mapping, charting and geodetic services; and a myriad of products to maximize safety at sea and improve the effectiveness of our Navy's weapon systems. This paper provides functional descriptions of the command structure in order to provide a context for the succeeding papers in this special issue. RP Durham, DL (reprint author), USN,METEOROL & OCEANOG COMMAND,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA C/O I CLAYION MATTHEWS, 1828 L ST, NW, 9TH FL, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0025-3324 J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J. PD SPR PY 1997 VL 31 IS 1 BP 6 EP 10 PG 5 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA XB847 UT WOS:A1997XB84700002 ER PT J AU Mayoral, CR Gent, AE Olst, RV AF Mayoral, CR Gent, AE Olst, RV TI Navy survey ships for the 21st century SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB This paper discusses the role of the Naval Oceanographic Office in supporting the U.S. Navy's fleet requirements for oceanography and hydrography as we move into the 21st century. It focuses on the survey ships and their capabilities in meeting this role. Ship characteristics and mission capabilities are presented for the T-AGS 60 and T-AGS 51 classes along with their planned configurations for the next century. RP Mayoral, CR (reprint author), USN,OCEANOG OFF,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA C/O I CLAYION MATTHEWS, 1828 L ST, NW, 9TH FL, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0025-3324 J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J. PD SPR PY 1997 VL 31 IS 1 BP 11 EP 20 PG 10 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA XB847 UT WOS:A1997XB84700003 ER PT J AU Broadus, M Whittaker, C Young, R Sharp, K Lingsch, S AF Broadus, M Whittaker, C Young, R Sharp, K Lingsch, S TI New survey systems and technology for the littoral environment SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB The Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO) is embarking upon several new survey systems with technology geared to meet the challenges of littoral data collection. Advanced systems will allow NAVOCEANO to collect our primary data more efficiently and effectively. Existing data collection processes will take advantage of developing technology to produce more information about the environment being sampled. We will also describe how these new systems and technology will change our traditional methods of data collection. This paper describes three survey systems and a new technology for multibeam exploitation The survey systems are the Laser Airborne Bathymetry Survey (LABS), Oceanographic Remotely Controlled Automaton (ORCA), and Towed Oceanographic Survey System (TOSS). LABS is an emerging technology using a laser source, detectors, and light detection and ranging (LIDAR) principles to measure depths. ORCA is a free-swimming, semisubmersible robotic vehicle equipped with a shallow-water multibeam sonar. Future sensors may include an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP), a sediment classifier, and a side-scan sonar. TOSS is an integrated, modular survey system that uses fiber-optic technology to allow simultaneous operation of commercial off-the-shelf imaging, oceanographic, and navigation sensors. Sensors may include high-resolution digital side-scan sonars for acoustic backscatter, digital still cameras, and an ADCP. The fiber-optic telemetry system, with its quantum leap in available bandwidth, provides the capability to interface rapidly new sensor systems as they become operational. New technology includes exploitation of acoustic backscatter derived from existing multibeam bathymetry systems. We are inverting the raw hydrophone data to produce an acoustic backscatter image. Current uses include geologic province identification and high-resolution feature definition. Future investigations will include automated sediment classification. NAVOCEANO will use these systems and technology to maximize resources for data collection and system exploitation to meet the challenges of the littoral now and in the future. These systems and technology are vehicles envisioned to carry us into the 21st century. RP Broadus, M (reprint author), USN,OCEANOG OFF,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA C/O I CLAYION MATTHEWS, 1828 L ST, NW, 9TH FL, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0025-3324 J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J. PD SPR PY 1997 VL 31 IS 1 BP 21 EP 30 PG 10 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA XB847 UT WOS:A1997XB84700004 ER PT J AU Rigney, JP Bouchard, R Diamond, C Berkshire, D LHeureux, D Conlee, D Colton, M Crout, R AF Rigney, JP Bouchard, R Diamond, C Berkshire, D LHeureux, D Conlee, D Colton, M Crout, R TI Oceanography from space in support of naval operations SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; SATELLITE AB During the past decade, satellite remote sensing has become a powerful tool in the U.S. Navy's efforts to characterize the ocean environment in support of military operations. The Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center (Fleet Numerical) and the Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO), are the Navy's central sites for the receipt and processing of satellite data for meteorological and oceanographic (METOC) applications. METOC officers at regional centers, detachments, and afloat also receive and exploit a variety of satellite data. In this paper, we discuss the use of satellite data for oceanographic analysis and prediction. A wide variety of satellite-borne sensors are exploited, including foreign/civilian, visible/infrared/microwave, and passive/active. Products from these sensors cove horizontal spatial scales, ranging from global (e.g., sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR)) to local (e.g., near-shore bottom features from Landsat Thematic Mapper); encompass the vertical spatial range of sea surface, water column, and bottom features (e.g., altimetry-derived products); and characterize temporal scales, ranging from seasonal (e.g., optical climatologies from Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) imagery) to real time (e.g., ocean surface winds from the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I)). We provide an overview of the sensors utilized, ground segment processing flows, products generated, and the oceanographic applications supported by satellite remote sensing at the Navy's central sites and on scene. C1 FLEET NUMER METEOROL & OCEANOG CTR, MONTEREY, CA USA. PLANNING SYST INC, SLIDELL, LA USA. RP Rigney, JP (reprint author), USN, OCEANOG OFF, BAY ST LOUIS, MS 39529 USA. RI Bouchard, Richard/A-5921-2009; Conlee, Don/G-9170-2012 OI Bouchard, Richard/0000-0002-4414-7499; NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC PI COLUMBIA PA 5565 STERRETT PLACE, STE 108, COLUMBIA, MD 21044 USA SN 0025-3324 J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J. PD SPR PY 1997 VL 31 IS 1 BP 31 EP 40 PG 10 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA XB847 UT WOS:A1997XB84700005 ER PT J AU Haeger, SD Gordon, DS Lingsch, SC Copeland, JL AF Haeger, SD Gordon, DS Lingsch, SC Copeland, JL TI Environmental data bases, management systems, and analysis tools SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 FLEET NUMER METEOROL & OCEANOG CTR,MONTEREY,CA. RP Haeger, SD (reprint author), USN,OCEANOG OFF,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA C/O I CLAYION MATTHEWS, 1828 L ST, NW, 9TH FL, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0025-3324 J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J. PD SPR PY 1997 VL 31 IS 1 BP 41 EP 48 PG 8 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA XB847 UT WOS:A1997XB84700006 ER PT J AU Dailey, CH Jugan, M Bricker, C Schaumberg, L Stephens, R AF Dailey, CH Jugan, M Bricker, C Schaumberg, L Stephens, R TI Flexible environmental products and services to support naval operations SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB NAVOCEANO applies data fusion? techniques in supplying real-time services to Department of Defense (DoD) forces. Satellite remote imagery and bulk sensor data, regional expert analysis, modem computer technology, advanced modeling efforts and flexible product dissemination technologies provide an oceanographic tactical force multiplier. A suite of dynamic ocean models provides nowcasts and forecasts of thermal structure, currents, waves, and tides. The technology is multisourced, including DoD-sponsored research programs and both foreign and domestic academic institutions. A model transition infrastructure ensures continued successful technology transfer to operational applications. Fast paced regional threat control demands rapid on-scene electronic delivery to ensure critical environmental information is digested prior to translating plans to actions. Oceanographic, meteorological, and tactical information for site-specific products as well as regional publications are provided. Products are in digital Hyper-Text Markup Language (HTML) format which allows immediate availability and permits updating and augmenting existing information while meeting urgent operational requirements. Products are provided to Navy Meteorology and Oceanography Centers via web servers that use current and developing technologies to address the rapid response/easy accessibility requirements of forward deployed warfighters. Current product types are provided via a coordinated office web presence, with an aggressive approach toward a future ''NAVOCEANO on the Web.'' NAVOCEANO systems are fielded to tactical units, providing continuous support for advanced communications, computer, and software systems. These systems permit rapid on-scene analyses of the effect of the environment on friendly and threat sensors, weapons, and platforms using real-time data and validated models and data bases. RP Dailey, CH (reprint author), USN,OCEANOG OFF,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA C/O I CLAYION MATTHEWS, 1828 L ST, NW, 9TH FL, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0025-3324 J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J. PD SPR PY 1997 VL 31 IS 1 BP 49 EP 53 PG 5 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA XB847 UT WOS:A1997XB84700007 ER PT J AU Clancy, RM Johnson, A AF Clancy, RM Johnson, A TI An overview of naval operational ocean modeling SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PREDICTIONS AB A variety of ocean models are utilized throughout the Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command. These include large computationally expensive models run on supercomputers at central sites as well as workstation class models deployed in the field. In general, the models fill in the gap between usually sparse oceanographic observations to provide the temporally and spatially complete representation of oceanographic parameters required to support modern naval operations. Needed upgrades to these models place significant requirements on Naval R&D programs and computational resources. In this paper, we provide an overview of Naval operational ocean modeling, including a brief summary of the model development and implementation process, a review of existing operational capabilities and support infrastructure, and a discussion of future trends. C1 USN, OCEANOG OFF, BAY ST LOUIS, MS 39529 USA. RP FLEET NUMER METEOROL & OCEANOG CTR, MONTEREY, CA USA. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC PI COLUMBIA PA 5565 STERRETT PLACE, STE 108, COLUMBIA, MD 21044 USA SN 0025-3324 EI 1948-1209 J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J. PD SPR PY 1997 VL 31 IS 1 BP 54 EP 62 PG 9 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA XB847 UT WOS:A1997XB84700008 ER PT J AU Cummings, JA Szczechowski, C Carnes, M AF Cummings, JA Szczechowski, C Carnes, M TI Global and regional ocean thermal analysis systems SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID STATISTICAL INTERPOLATION SCHEME; SATELLITE; ATLANTIC; ALTIMETRY; PROFILES; DESIGN; FIELDS AB This paper describes the U.S. Navy's operational ocean thermal analysis systems. The Optimum Thermal Interpolation System (OTIS), version 4.0, is operational at the Feet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center (FLENUMMETOCCEN). The Modular Ocean Data Assimilation System (MODAS), version 1.0, is utilized at the Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO), the Naval Research Laboratory-Stennis Space Center (NRL-SSC), and in Fleet on-scene systems. OTIS is an optimum interpolation (OI) based system designed to produce ''now-casts'' of ocean mass structure. OTIS routinely produces surface-to-bottom analyses of temperature globally twice per day at 100-km resolution and regionally once per day at 20-km resolution in the Western. Atlantic and Western Pacific Oceans and Greenland Iceland Norwegian Sea. OTIS also produces sea surface temperature (SST) only analyses globally at 100-km resolution and regionally at 45-km resolution twice per day. These analyses provide SST boundary conditions for the Navy's global and. regional operational atmospheric prediction systems (NOGAPS and NORAPS). MODAS is also an OI-based system used for analysis of ocean structure. The modularity of MODAS allows users to easily configure an analysis to meet specific requirements. For this reason, it has been used within an ocean modeling and data assimilation system at NRL-SSC; is used at NAVOCEANO and at Navy Meteorology and Oceanography Centers, where it provides products for a number of ocean regions; and will be installed as part of TESS 3.0, the Navy's primary on-scene meteorological and oceanographic prediction system. C1 USN,OCEANOG OFF,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529. RP Cummings, JA (reprint author), FLEET NUMER METEOROL & OCEANOG CTR,MONTEREY,CA, USA. NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA C/O I CLAYION MATTHEWS, 1828 L ST, NW, 9TH FL, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0025-3324 J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J. PD SPR PY 1997 VL 31 IS 1 BP 63 EP 75 PG 13 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA XB847 UT WOS:A1997XB84700009 ER PT J AU Wittmann, PA Farrar, PD AF Wittmann, PA Farrar, PD TI Global, regional and coastal wave prediction SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB To meet operational wave forecasting requirements for the U.S. Navy and other Department of Defense (DoD) activities, the Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center (Fleet Numerical) and the Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO) employ the Third Generation Wave Model (WAM). WAM is implemented on global and regional scales as Fleet Numerical and on higher-resolution regional and coastal scales at NAVOCEANO. Required wind forcing is provided by Fleet Numerical global and regional weather prediction models. Regional WAM implementations are nested within the global WAM to obtain lateral open boundary conditions. The WAM predictions are used for a variety of applications, including support for shallow-water wave models, surf models, and harbor response models. Operational WAM predictions are verified routinely with data from moored buoys. C1 USN,OCEANOG OFF,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529. RP Wittmann, PA (reprint author), FLEET NUMER METEOROL & OCEANOG CTR,MONTEREY,CA, USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA C/O I CLAYION MATTHEWS, 1828 L ST, NW, 9TH FL, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0025-3324 J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J. PD SPR PY 1997 VL 31 IS 1 BP 76 EP 82 PG 7 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA XB847 UT WOS:A1997XB84700010 ER PT J AU McCaffrey, JW Durham, DL Lewis, JK AF McCaffrey, JW Durham, DL Lewis, JK TI A vision for the future of Naval operational oceanic nowcast/forecast systems - Commentary SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USN,METEOROL & OCEANOG COMMAND,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529. OCEAN PHYS RES & DEV,PASS CHRISTIAN,MS. RP McCaffrey, JW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA C/O I CLAYION MATTHEWS, 1828 L ST, NW, 9TH FL, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0025-3324 J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J. PD SPR PY 1997 VL 31 IS 1 BP 83 EP 84 PG 2 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA XB847 UT WOS:A1997XB84700011 ER PT J AU Watkins, JD Gaffney, PG AF Watkins, JD Gaffney, PG TI Partnerships in oceanography - Commentary SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USN,METEOROL & OCEANOG COMMAND,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529. RP Watkins, JD (reprint author), CONSORTIUM OCEANOG RES & EDUC,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA C/O I CLAYION MATTHEWS, 1828 L ST, NW, 9TH FL, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0025-3324 J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J. PD SPR PY 1997 VL 31 IS 1 BP 85 EP 86 PG 2 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA XB847 UT WOS:A1997XB84700012 ER PT J AU Webb, TW Aifantis, EC AF Webb, TW Aifantis, EC TI Loading rate dependence of stick-slip fracture in polymers SO MECHANICS RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID RATE CRACK-GROWTH; MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR; PROPAGATION; TOUGHNESS; ENERGY; RESIN; MODEL C1 ARISTOTELIAN UNIV THESSALONIKI,GR-54006 THESSALONIKI,GREECE. MICHIGAN TECHNOL UNIV,HOUGHTON,MI 49931. RP Webb, TW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Aifantis, Elias/F-7087-2011 OI Aifantis, Elias/0000-0002-6846-5686 NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0093-6413 J9 MECH RES COMMUN JI Mech. Res. Commun. PD MAR-APR PY 1997 VL 24 IS 2 BP 115 EP 121 DI 10.1016/S0093-6413(97)00002-5 PG 7 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA XH561 UT WOS:A1997XH56100002 ER PT J AU Webb, TW Aifantis, EC AF Webb, TW Aifantis, EC TI Crack growth resistance curves and stick-slip fracture instabilities SO MECHANICS RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article C1 ARISTOTELIAN UNIV THESSALONIKI,GR-54006 THESSALONIKI,GREECE. MICHIGAN TECHNOL UNIV,HOUGHTON,MI 49931. RP Webb, TW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Aifantis, Elias/F-7087-2011 OI Aifantis, Elias/0000-0002-6846-5686 NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0093-6413 J9 MECH RES COMMUN JI Mech. Res. Commun. PD MAR-APR PY 1997 VL 24 IS 2 BP 123 EP 130 DI 10.1016/S0093-6413(97)00003-7 PG 8 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA XH561 UT WOS:A1997XH56100003 ER PT J AU Vandermeer, RA Jensen, DJ Woldt, E AF Vandermeer, RA Jensen, DJ Woldt, E TI Grain boundary mobility during recrystallization of copper SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENCE; KINETICS; RATES AB Average grain boundary migration rates during recrystallization of cold-deformed copper were estimated from stereological measurements. In the same material, the instantaneous driving forces for boundary migration during recrystallization were calculated from calorimetric measurements of the release of the stored energy of cold work. The migration rate dependence on driving force was analyzed in the context of grain boundary migration rate theory, and within experimental error, a linear dependence was observed. The average mobility of grain boundaries migrating during recrystallization of cold-worked copper at 121 degrees C was calculated to be 6.31 x 10-(10) (m(4) s(-1) MJ(-1)). This result was found to be consistent with single boundary, curvature-driven grain boundary mobilities measured in copper at higher temperatures. It was also demonstrated that the average grain boundary mobility was reasonably within the expectation (order of magnitude uncertainty) of the Turnbull single process model of boundary migration with a process akin to grain boundary self-diffusivity as the rate-controlling atomic mechanism. C1 RISO NATL LAB,DEPT MAT,DK-4000 ROSKILDE,DENMARK. TECH UNIV CAROLO WILHELMINA BRAUNSCHWEIG,INST WERKSTOFFE,D-38106 BRAUNSCHWEIG,GERMANY. RP Vandermeer, RA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,PHYS MET BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. OI Juul Jensen, Dorte/0000-0001-5096-6602 NR 25 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 8 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 28 IS 3A BP 749 EP 754 DI 10.1007/s11661-997-1002-9 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA WR817 UT WOS:A1997WR81700003 ER PT J AU Crawford, PE Armstrong, JF Kerstein, MD Oxler, S Draude, TV AF Crawford, PE Armstrong, JF Kerstein, MD Oxler, S Draude, TV TI Value of the multi-service casualty processing unit in operation desert storm: Teamwork and flexibility SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB This paper examines the role and implementation of a casualty processing unit (CPU) developed by a multi-service group during Operation Desert Storm in Saudi Arabia. Data were obtained from review of flight manifests, fleet hospital admission records, 24-hour follow-up of patients admitted to Fleet Hospital 15, and patient chart reviews following Desert Storm. The data indicate the CPU proved to be an effective and practical approach to health care in a combat zone, and provided an increased number of returned-to-duty personnel and timely triage of most seriously wounded combatants. In addition, it provided an opportunity for medical personnel of all branches of the armed services to participate as a team. As a result of this study, we propose consideration be given to use of this type of multi-service facility in future combat arenas. C1 USN NAVAL RESERVE FLEET HOSP,DEPT MED,WASHINGTON,DC. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 162 IS 3 BP 165 EP 167 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WP113 UT WOS:A1997WP11300007 PM 9121660 ER PT J AU Cubano, MA Luther, JH Antosek, LE AF Cubano, MA Luther, JH Antosek, LE TI First laparoscopic hernia repair onboard an aircraft carrier at sea SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Objective: To report the first known and documented laparoscopic hernia repair onboard an aircraft carrier (USS Abraham Lincoln). Materials and Methods: We present a case report of a 23-year-old healthy male seen in our Medical Department in pain with a clear mass on the right groin area. The sailor was scheduled for elective repair using a single-chip, 0 degrees laparoscope from Stryker Company. Results: Laparoscopic hernia repair was performed with complete recovery and immediate return to his usual duties onboard the aircraft carrier. Conclusions: Laparoscopy is not a new concept in surgery, but the performance of this surgical modality onboard a nuclear warship is a landmark event that will maximize naval operational readiness. RP Cubano, MA (reprint author), NAVAL HOSP,DEPT SURG,JACKSONVILLE,FL 32214, USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 162 IS 3 BP 219 EP 220 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WP113 UT WOS:A1997WP11300019 PM 9121672 ER PT J AU Yao, RJ Burr, DH Guerry, P AF Yao, RJ Burr, DH Guerry, P TI CheY-mediated modulation of Campylobacter jejuni virulence SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; FLAGELLIN GENES; INTESTINAL COLONIZATION; SHIGELLA-FLEXNERI; PROTEINS; INVASION; CHEMOTAXIS; MOTILITY; IDENTIFICATION; INFECTION AB Four motile, non-adherent and non-invasive mutants of Campylobacter jejuni 81-176 generated by a site-specific insertional mutagenesis scheme were characterized at the molecular level and all contained a duplication of the same region of the chromosome. When this region was cloned from wild-type 81-176 and transferred into 81-176 on a shuttle plasmid, the same non-invasive phenotype as the original mutants was observed, suggesting that the region contained a repressor of adherence and invasion. The smallest piece of DNA identified which was capable of repressing adherence and invasion was a 0.8 kb fragment encoding the cheY gene of C. jejuni. To confirm further that CheY was responsible for the observed non-adherent and non-invasive phenotypes, the cheY gene was inserted into the arylsulfatase gene of 81-176 to generate a strain with two chromosomal copies of cheY. This diploid strain displayed the same nonadherent and non-invasive phenotype as the original mutants. Insertional inactivation of the choY gene in 81-176 resulted in an approx. threefold increase in adherence and invasion in vitro, but this strain was unable to colonize or cause disease in animals. The diploid choY strain, although able to colonize mice, was attenuated in a ferret disease model. C1 USN,MED RES INST ANNEX,ENTER DIS PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20852. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. FU PHS HHS [224-93-2444] NR 57 TC 115 Z9 121 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0NE SN 0950-382X J9 MOL MICROBIOL JI Mol. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 23 IS 5 BP 1021 EP 1031 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.2861650.x PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA WL764 UT WOS:A1997WL76400016 PM 9076738 ER PT J AU Michael, NL Chang, G Louie, LG Mascola, JR Dondero, D Birx, DL Sheppard, HW AF Michael, NL Chang, G Louie, LG Mascola, JR Dondero, D Birx, DL Sheppard, HW TI The role of viral phenotype and CCR-5 gene defects in HIV-1 transmission and disease progression SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; INFECTION AB Delta ellular entry of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) requires binding to both CD4 (ref. 1, 2) and to one of the chemokine receptors recently discovered to act as coreceptors(3-11). Viruses that infect T-cell lines to form syncytia (syncytium-inducing, SI) are frequently found in late-stage HIV disease and utilize the chemokine receptor CXCR-4; macrophage-tropic viruses are non-syncytium-inducing (NSI), found throughout disease and utilize CCR-5 (ref. 3-11). We postulated that CCR-5 gene defects might reduce infection risk in seronegative subjects and prolong AIDS-free survival in seropositive subjects with NSI but not SI virus. Homozygous (Delta ccr5/Delta ccr5) and heterozygous (CCR5/Delta ccr5) CCR-5 deletions (Delta ccr5)(12,13) were found in 7 (2.7%) and 51 (19.5%), respectively, of 261 seronegative subjects from the San Francisco Men's Health Study. CCR-5/Delta ccr5 genotype was identified in 33 of 172 (19.2%) nonprogressors and 25 of 234 (10.7%) progressors from the seropositive arm of this cohort. The Delta ccr5 allele conferred a significant protective effect against HIV-1 infection (P = 0.001) and a survival advantage against disease progression (P = 0.02). Although both progressing and nonprogressing CCR5/Delta ccr5 subjects were identified, a distinct survival advantage was shown for those with NSI virus (P < 0.0001). Thus, the protective effect of Delta ccr5 against disease progression is lost when the infecting virus uses CXCR-4 as a coreceptor. C1 HENRY M JAKCSON FDN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SCH PUBL HLTH,BERKELEY,CA 94720. USN,MED RES INST,DEPT INFECT DIS,BETHESDA,MD 20889. CALIF DEPT HLTH SERV,BERKELEY,CA 94704. RP Michael, NL (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV RETROVIROL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [N01-AI-82515, R01-AI-34783, R01-AI-36661] NR 22 TC 390 Z9 397 U1 1 U2 8 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 3 IS 3 BP 338 EP 340 DI 10.1038/nm0397-338 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA WL305 UT WOS:A1997WL30500038 PM 9055864 ER PT J AU Kruse, DK AF Kruse, DK TI Secretary's notes SO NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USN,WASHINGTON,DC. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NAVAL ENG INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1452 DUKE STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3458 SN 0028-1425 J9 NAV ENG J JI Nav. Eng. J. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 109 IS 2 BP 7 EP 8 PG 2 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA WP217 UT WOS:A1997WP21700002 ER PT J AU Doerry, N AF Doerry, N TI Powering the future with the integrated power system - Response SO NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL LA English DT Letter RP Doerry, N (reprint author), USN,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NAVAL ENG INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1452 DUKE STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3458 SN 0028-1425 J9 NAV ENG J JI Nav. Eng. J. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 109 IS 2 BP 28 EP 28 PG 1 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA WP217 UT WOS:A1997WP21700005 ER PT J AU Newberry, CF AF Newberry, CF TI A multidisciplinary environmental science and engineering master's degree program: A proposed NPS/DoD partnership SO NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT American-Society-of-Naval-Engineers Maritime Environmental Symposium 95 CY SEP 13-14, 1995 CL ARLINGTON, VA SP Amer Soc Naval Engineers AB A proposed multidisciplinary environmental science and engineering competency-based master's degree program is described herein. The proposed Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) program includes equal coverage of the four main categories of environmental interest (e.g., air quality, water quality, acoustic quality and solid/hazardous waste disposal) with emphasis upon their impact on naval operations. A brief discussion is provided of the cognitive, affective and psychomotor learning domains as functional pillars of the competency-based program. Illustrative examples of air quality, water quality, acoustic quality and solid/hazardous waste disposal instructional (behavioral) learning objectives are given. A two year course matix is defined with a brief discussion of the mathematics, science, engineering and management elements contained herein. Selected course descriptions and a set of possible educational skill requirements (ESRs) are also provided. Graduates of this proposed program would be able to provide the Navy/DoD with a broad command capability in environmental assessment and control. Graduates would also have the ability to identify potential environmental problems (and their possible solutions) in civilian, government and militay operations. RP Newberry, CF (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA 93940, USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NAVAL ENG INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1452 DUKE STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3458 SN 0028-1425 J9 NAV ENG J JI Nav. Eng. J. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 109 IS 2 BP 29 EP 41 PG 13 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA WP217 UT WOS:A1997WP21700006 ER PT J AU Piper, GE AF Piper, GE TI Active feedback noise control of a magnetic bearing pump SO NOISE CONTROL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB This paper describes how active feedback control techniques were applied to attenuate fluidborne noise on an existing magnetic bearing pump. The principle, analysis, and experimental results of active feedback noise control are presented for single input-single output cases, Good correlation was shown between analysis and test results, Two different controller designs are presented, The first design used plant inversion with loop shaping, The second design used a feedback loop within the controller itself. Time delays resulting from acoustic propagation decreased stability thus restricting the noise attenuation bandwidth, The first controller design demonstrated good noise attenuation over a narrow bandwidth, However, noise attenuation degraded for wider bandwidths, The second controller design demonstrated poor attenuation over a limited bandwidth. (C) 1997 Institute of Noise Control Engineering. RP Piper, GE (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT WEAPONS & SYST ENGN,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INST NOISE CONTROL ENG PI POUGHKEEPSIE PA PO BOX 3206 ARLINGTON BRANCH, POUGHKEEPSIE, NY 12603 SN 0736-2501 J9 NOISE CONTROL ENG JI Noise Control Eng. J. PD MAR-APR PY 1997 VL 45 IS 2 BP 78 EP 84 DI 10.3397/1.2828429 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Acoustics; Engineering GA XD650 UT WOS:A1997XD65000003 ER PT J AU Grabowski, KS Knies, DL Hubler, GK Enge, HA AF Grabowski, KS Knies, DL Hubler, GK Enge, HA TI A new accelerator mass spectrometer for trace element analysis at the Naval Research Laboratory SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th Conference on Accelerator Mass Spectrometry CY MAY 20-24, 1996 CL TUCSON, AZ SP AMS AB A new accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS) facility is under construction at the Naval Research Laboratory for trace element analysis of electronic, biological, and geological materials. The design provides for parallel mass analysis over a broad mass range for conducting and insulating samples, and offers 10 mu m lateral image resolution, depth profiling, and sensitivity down to tens of ppt of trace impurities. The facility will use a modified commercial secondary ion mass spectrometer as the source of secondary ions. A Pretzel magnet will act as a unique recombinator to simultaneously transmit from 1 to 200 amu ions, but attenuate intense matrix-related beams, After acceleration, a single charge state will be selected by a 3 degrees electrostatic bend, then the selected ions will be energy analyzed by a 2.2 m radius, 30 degrees spherical electrostatic analyzer (E/Delta E approximate to 800). Finally, a split pole mass spectrograph with a 1.5 m long focal plane will provide parallel analysis over a broad mass range (M(max)/M(min) approximate to 8) with high mass resolution (M/Delta M approximate to 2500). C1 DEUTERON INC,SHERBORN,MA 01770. RP Grabowski, KS (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6670,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. OI Grabowski, Kenneth/0000-0003-0816-001X NR 13 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAR PY 1997 VL 123 IS 1-4 BP 566 EP 570 DI 10.1016/S0168-583X(96)00627-1 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA WT653 UT WOS:A1997WT65300109 ER PT J AU Knies, DL Grabowski, KS Hubler, GK Enge, HA AF Knies, DL Grabowski, KS Hubler, GK Enge, HA TI 1-200 amu tunable Pretzel magnet notch-mass-filter and injector for trace element accelerator mass spectrometry SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th Conference on Accelerator Mass Spectrometry CY MAY 20-24, 1996 CL TUCSON, AZ SP AMS ID RADIOISOTOPE AB A novel recombinator and injector has been designed for the trace element accelerator mass spectrometer (TEAMS) at the Naval Research Laboratory. It will allow parallel analysis of a broad range of impurities in electronic, biological, and geological materials. The recombinator consists of a tunable Pretzel magnet that serves as a notch mass filter [1]. The mass filter has near-amu mass resolution over the range of 1-200 amu for 40 keV ions. Masks positioned along the Pretzel's symmetry axis block intense matrix-related beams, (e.g. Si, SiO, Si-3, etc.) while passing beams of interest into the accelerator. The primary and secondary columns of a Physical Electronics model 6300 quadrupole secondary ion mass spectrometer (SIMS) form the key components of the ion source for the injector. This commercially proven instrument facilitates depth profiling, imaging, and the analysis of both conducting and insulating substrates at pressures as low as 10(-10) Torr. C1 DEUTERON INC,SHERBORN,MA 01770. RP Knies, DL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6670,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. OI Grabowski, Kenneth/0000-0003-0816-001X NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAR PY 1997 VL 123 IS 1-4 BP 589 EP 593 DI 10.1016/S0168-583X(96)00626-X PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA WT653 UT WOS:A1997WT65300114 ER PT J AU Harney, RC AF Harney, RC TI Information-based approach to performance estimation and requirements allocation in multisensor fusion for target recognition SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE sensor fusion; target recognition; information theory; Johnson criteria; requirements allocation; performance analysis; imaging sensors; nonimaging sensors AB A novel methodology offering the potential for resolving two of the significant problems of implementing multisensor target recognition systems, i.e., the rational selection of a specific sensor suite and optimal allocation of requirements among sensors, is presented, Based on a sequence of conjectures (and their supporting arguments) concerning the relationship of extractable information content to recognition performance of a sensor system, a set of heuristics (essentially a reformulation of Johnson's criteria applicable to all sensor and data types) is developed. An approach to quantifying the information content of sensor data is described. Coupling this approach with the widely accepted Johnson's criteria for target recognition capabilities results in a quantitative method for comparing the target recognition ability of diverse sensors (imagers, nonimagers, active, passive, electromagnetic, acoustic, etc.). Extension to describing the performance of multiple sensors is straightforward. The application of the technique to sensor selection and requirements allocation is discussed. (C) 1997 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. RP Harney, RC (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT PHYS,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 36 IS 3 BP 789 EP 798 DI 10.1117/1.601250 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA WN456 UT WOS:A1997WN45600017 ER PT J AU Scheps, R AF Scheps, R TI Upconversion in Er3+:YAlO3 produced by metastable state absorption SO OPTICAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID UP-CONVERSION LASER; TI-SAPPHIRE LASER; AVALANCHE; CRYSTALS; IONS; ER3+ AB Upconversion emission in Er:YALO(3), (Er,YALO) was produced by excitation at wavelengths resonant with transitions from the I-4(13/2) metastable state. Both steady state and time dependent fluorescence measurements are reported, and the energy flow pathway is described. The upconversion pump mechanism is a combination of cross relaxation energy transfer and non-resonant sequential two-photon absorption. Upconversion emission from the P-2(3/2) State in Er:YALO was also observed. RP Scheps, R (reprint author), USN,CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RDT&E DIV,CODE 754,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 27 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-3467 J9 OPT MATER JI Opt. Mater. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 7 IS 3 BP 75 EP 88 DI 10.1016/S0925-3467(97)00008-6 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA WP098 UT WOS:A1997WP09800002 ER PT J AU Adler, CL Bowman, SR Rabinovich, WS AF Adler, CL Bowman, SR Rabinovich, WS TI Computer simulation of a quantum-well optical correlator SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID SPATIAL LIGHT MODULATORS; PHOTOREFRACTIVE DEVICES AB We have developed a simulation of a multiple quantum well optical correlator to investigate the effects of saturation on the correlation signal. We present the results of the modeling effort here. C1 USN,RES LAB,LASER PHYS BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Adler, CL (reprint author), CLEVELAND STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,1983 E 24TH ST,CLEVELAND,OH 44115, USA. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD MAR 1 PY 1997 VL 136 IS 1-2 BP 75 EP 84 DI 10.1016/S0030-4018(96)00657-8 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA WK340 UT WOS:A1997WK34000013 ER PT J AU Balachandran, RM Lawandy, NM Moon, JA AF Balachandran, RM Lawandy, NM Moon, JA TI Theory of laser action in scattering gain media SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DYE AB A laser model based on feedback produced by scattering has been developed to explain the narrow linewidth emission and input-output behavior observed in scattering gain media. The model is based on the transient two-level laser equations and includes the detailed spectral properties of the dye gain system. Monte Carlo methods were employed to calculate the threshold gain required for modeling the input-output and linewidth emission characteristics. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. C1 BROWN UNIV,DIV ENGN,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912. USN,RES LAB,DIV OPT SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Balachandran, RM (reprint author), BROWN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912, USA. NR 16 TC 99 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 8 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD MAR 1 PY 1997 VL 22 IS 5 BP 319 EP 321 DI 10.1364/OL.22.000319 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA WJ765 UT WOS:A1997WJ76500022 PM 18183188 ER PT J AU Schwend, RK Hennrikus, WL OBrien, TJ Millis, MB Lynch, MR AF Schwend, RK Hennrikus, WL OBrien, TJ Millis, MB Lynch, MR TI Complications when using the cannulated 3.5 mm screw system SO ORTHOPEDICS LA English DT Article AB Five patients with breakage of instrumentation when using the cannulated 3.5 tm screw system for fracture fixation are reported, Four 1.25 mt guide wires were sheared off by the cannulated drill and one 3.5 mt cannulated tap sleeve fractured. This article presents potential dangers when using the cannulated 3.5 mt screw system for general fracture care. C1 USN HOSP,DEPT ORTHOPED & CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0147-7447 J9 ORTHOPEDICS JI Orthopedics PD MAR PY 1997 VL 20 IS 3 BP 221 EP 223 PG 3 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA WQ073 UT WOS:A1997WQ07300003 PM 9088015 ER PT J AU Karmel, SM AF Karmel, SM TI Science and dissent in post-Mao China: The politics of knowledge - Miller,HL SO PACIFIC AFFAIRS LA English DT Book Review RP Karmel, SM (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA 93940, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA PI VANCOUVER PA 2029 WEST MALL, VANCOUVER BC V6T 1W5, CANADA SN 0030-851X J9 PAC AFF JI Pac. Aff. PD SPR PY 1997 VL 70 IS 1 BP 116 EP 118 DI 10.2307/2761237 PG 3 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA XP454 UT WOS:A1997XP45400012 ER PT J AU Jones, TR AF Jones, TR TI Quantitative aspects of the relationship between the sickle-cell gene and malaria SO PARASITOLOGY TODAY LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM ANTIGENS; DISEASE; RESISTANCE; MECHANISM; MORTALITY; CHILDREN; DEATH AB The relationship between resistance to Plasmodium falciparum infection and the frequency and distribution of the sickle-cell gene in populations exposed to endemic malaria transmission is reducible to clear and quantifiable terms. lit this review, Trevor Jones examines the prediction of gene frequency changes under selective pressure, the selective advantage to the heterozygote (balanced polymorphism) that the sickle-cell gene provides to individuals in areas with malaria transmission, and the relationship between sickle-cell gene frequency and malaria, as measured by, for example, sporozoite rate and basic reproduction rate. He seeks to clarify what one can infer about malaria transmission from an analysis of the distribution and inheritance patterns of the sickle-cell gene and sickle-cell disease and under what circumstances these inferences should be made. RP Jones, TR (reprint author), USN,MED RES UNIT 2,BOX 3,APO,AP 96520, USA. NR 33 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0169-4758 J9 PARASITOL TODAY JI Parasitol. Today PD MAR PY 1997 VL 13 IS 3 BP 107 EP 111 DI 10.1016/S0169-4758(96)10083-1 PG 5 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA WJ629 UT WOS:A1997WJ62900010 PM 15275114 ER PT J AU Gillespie, DT AF Gillespie, DT TI Markovian modeling of classical thermal noise in two inductively coupled wire loops SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article AB Continuous Markov process theory is used to model classical thermal noise in two wire loops of resistances R(1) and R(2), Self-inductances L(1) and L(2), and absolute temperature T, which are coupled through their mutual inductance M. It is shown that even though the currents I-1(t) and I-2(t) in the two loops become progressively noisier as M increases from 0 toward its upper bound (L(1)L(2))(1/2), the fluctuation-dissipation, Nyquist, and conductance formulas all remain unchanged. But changes do occur in the spectral density functions of the currents lilt). Exact formulas for those functions are developed, and two special cases are examined in detail. (i) In the identical loop case (R(1) = R(2) = R and L(1) = L(2) = L), the M = 0 ''knee'' at frequency R/2 pi L in the spectral density function of I-i(t), below which that function has slope 0 and above which it has slope -2, is found to split when M > 0 into two knees at frequencies R/[2 pi(L +/- M)]. The noise remains white, but surprisingly slightly suppressed, at frequencies below R/[2 pi(L + M)], and it remains 1/f(2) at frequencies above R/[2 pi(L - M)]. In between the two knee frequencies a rough ''1/f-type'' noise behavior is exhibited. The sum and difference currents I +/- (t) = I-1(t) +/- I-2(t) are found to behave like thermal currents in two uncoupled loops with resistances R, self-inductances (L +/- M), and temperatures 2T. In the limit M --> L, I+(t) approaches the thermal current in a loop of resistance 1/2R and self-inductance L at temperature T, while I_(t) approaches (4kT/R)(1/2) times Gaussian white noise. (ii) In the weakly coupled highly dissimilar loop case (R(1) much less than R(2), L(1) = L(2) = L, and M much less than L), I-2(t) is found, to a first approximation, not to be affected by the presence of loop 1. But the spectral density function of I-2(t) is found to be enhanced for frequencies nu = R(2)/2 pi L by the approximate factor (1 + alpha nu(2)), where alpha = (2 pi M)(2)/R(1)R(2). A concomitant enhancement, by an approximate factor of (1 + 2M(2)R(2)/L(2)R(1))(1/2), is found in the high-frequency amplitude noise of I-1(t). An algorithm for numerically simulating I-1(t) and I-2(1) that is exact for all parameter values is presented, and simulation results that clarify and corroborate the theoretical findings are exhibited. RP USN, AIR WARFARE CTR, RES & TECHNOL DIV, CHINA LAKE, CA 93555 USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 1997 VL 55 IS 3 BP 2588 EP 2605 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.55.2588 PN A PG 18 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA WN934 UT WOS:A1997WN93400067 ER PT J AU Dasgupta, A Whitney, KG Zhang, HL Sampson, DH AF Dasgupta, A Whitney, KG Zhang, HL Sampson, DH TI Diagnosing selenium plasmas using Se XXVI and Se XXXV line cluster ratios SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID HIGHLY CHARGED IONS; DIELECTRONIC SATELLITE SPECTRA; NEON-LIKE IONS; X-RAY-SPECTRA; WAVE COLLISION STRENGTHS; LASER-PRODUCED PLASMAS; HELIUM-LIKE IONS; F-LIKE IONS; TEMPERATURE DIAGNOSTICS; ELECTRON-TEMPERATURE AB Ratios of resonance and satellite line clusters in fluorinelike (Se XXVI) and neonlike (Se XXV) ions are used in the development of a diagnostics procedure for analyzing high density, optically thin selenium plasmas. The atomic model employed in this work to calculate line intensities for n=2-3 transitions includes detailed fine-structure levels for the n=3 excited configurations, n=3 inner-shell excited states at the configuration level, and lumped n=4 levels for both Se XXVI and Se XXV. All relevant atomic processes connecting these levels and all collisional couplings among the excited states are included in the model. The collisional and radiative data such as collisional excitation and ionization (including inner shell), and both radiative and dielectronic recombination rates, are obtained using several different sophisticated atomic codes. From these data, collisional-radiative equilibrium solutions to a fully coupled single set of rate equations are obtained for the populations of the ground as well as all excited levels, and used for the computation of the line intensities. For calculations of the satellite line intensities, populations of the doubly excited states are obtained from the sum of contributions from dielectronic recombination of ground states and inner-shell excitation of singly excited states. Because experimental L-shell spectra of the n=2-3 resonance and satellite lines contain many lines, often they are not spectroscopically resolved unless obtained under extremely high resolution. Therefore, instead of using individual lines which often cannot be separated experimentally from other overlapping lines, resonance line as well as satellite line configuration clusters in Se XXVI and Se XXV are used in this diagnostic work. The intensity ratios of the resonance and satellite line clusters are functions of both electron temperature and ion density and simultaneous determinations of these quantities are possible using contour plots of specific cluster ratios. These plots are obtained for a wide range of densities and temperatures, and they reflect the detailed effects of the different atomic processes on the intensities of the resonance and satellite lines as a function of plasma conditions. C1 OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. RP Dasgupta, A (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,RADIAT HYDRODYNAM BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 51 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 1997 VL 55 IS 3 BP 3460 EP 3472 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.55.3460 PN B PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA WN935 UT WOS:A1997WN93500052 ER PT J AU Hafizi, B Esarey, E Sprangle, P AF Hafizi, B Esarey, E Sprangle, P TI Laser-driven acceleration with Bessel beams SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID NONDIFFRACTING BEAMS; PULSES; ELECTRONS; GENERATION; PARTICLES; PLASMAS; FIELDS; AXICON AB The possibility of enhancing the energy gain in laser-driven accelerators by using Bessel laser beams is examined. A formalism based on Huygens' principle is developed to describe the diffraction of finite power (bounded) Bessel beams. An analytical expression for the maximum propagation distance is derived and found to be in excellent agreement with numerical calculations. Scaling laws are derived for the propagation length, acceleration gradient, and energy gain in various accelerators. Assuming that the energy gain is limited only by diffraction (i.e., in the absence of phase velocity slippage), a comparison is made between Gaussian and Bessel beam drivers. For equal beam powers, the energy gain can be increased by a factor of N-1/2 by utilizing a Bessel beam with N lobes, provided that the acceleration gradient is linearly proportional to the laser field. This is the ease in the inverse free electron laser and the inverse Cherenkov accelerators. If the acceleration gradient is proportional to the square of the laser field (e.g., the laser wakefield, plasma beat wave, and vacuum beat wave accelerators), the energy gain is comparable with either beam profile. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,BEAM PHYS BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Hafizi, B (reprint author), ICARUS RES INC,POB 30780,BETHESDA,MD 20824, USA. NR 44 TC 73 Z9 76 U1 3 U2 20 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 1997 VL 55 IS 3 BP 3539 EP 3545 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.55.3539 PN B PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA WN935 UT WOS:A1997WN93500061 ER PT J AU Sureshkumar, R Beris, AN Handler, RA AF Sureshkumar, R Beris, AN Handler, RA TI Direct numerical simulation of the turbulent channel flow of a polymer solution SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID DRAG REDUCTION; VISCOUS SUBLAYER; REYNOLDS-STRESS; WALL; STABILITY; DYNAMICS; FLUIDS; LAYER; PHASE; PIPE AB In this work, we present from first principles a direct numerical simulation (DNS) of a fully turbulent channel flow of a dilute polymer solution. The polymer chains are modeled as finitely extensible and elastic dumbbells. The simulation algorithm is based on a semi-implicit, time-splitting technique which uses spectral approximations in the spatial coordinates. The computations are carried out on a CRAY T3D parallel computer. The simulations are carried out under fully turbulent conditions albeit, due to computational constraints, not at as high Reynolds number as that usually encountered in polymer-induced drag reduction experiments. In order to compensate for the lower Reynolds number, we simulate more elastic fluids than the ones encountered in drag reduction experiments resulting in Weissenberg numbers (a dimensionless number characterizing the flow elasticity) of similar magnitude. The simulations show that the polymer induces several changes in the turbulent flow characteristics, all of them consistent with available experimental results. In particular, we have observed, associated with drag reduction, a decrease in the streamwise vorticity fluctuations and an increase in the average spacing between the streamwise streaks of low speed fluid within the buffer layer. These findings suggest a partial inhibition of turbulence generating events within the buffer layer by the macromolecules after the onset of drag reduction. This inhibition is further shown to be associated with an enhanced effective viscosity attributed to the extensional thickening properties of polymer solutions, as proposed in the past by Metzner, Lumley and other investigators. Using the simulation results obtained for different sets of parameter values which modify the relaxational and extensional properties of the model, we propose a set of criteria for the onset of drag reduction. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV DELAWARE,DEPT CHEM ENGN,NEWARK,DE 19716. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 68 TC 247 Z9 250 U1 2 U2 35 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD MAR PY 1997 VL 9 IS 3 BP 743 EP 755 DI 10.1063/1.869229 PG 13 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA WK494 UT WOS:A1997WK49400024 ER PT J AU Wirtz, JJ AF Wirtz, JJ TI Clinton and post-Cold War defense - Cimbala,SJ SO POLITICAL SCIENCE QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review RP Wirtz, JJ (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20350, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACAD POLITICAL SCIENCE PI NEW YORK PA 475 RIVERSIDE DRIVE, SUITE 1274, NEW YORK, NY 10115-1274 SN 0032-3195 J9 POLIT SCI QUART JI Polit. Sci. Q. PD SPR PY 1997 VL 112 IS 1 BP 147 EP 148 DI 10.2307/2658173 PG 2 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA WY855 UT WOS:A1997WY85500014 ER PT J AU Roberts, N AF Roberts, N TI Public deliberation: An alternative approach to crafting policy and setting direction SO PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REVIEW LA English DT Article ID RESPONSIVENESS AB General managers are expected to strive for organizational efficiency and effectiveness. Depending on their emphasis on efficiency and effectiveness, they produce four basic approaches to public sector general management: the directive approach, the reactive approach, the generative approach, and the adaptive approach. This paper explores the generative approach, in particular its use of public deliberation as an alternative way to establish public polity and set bureau direction. Two case studies help distill the basic elements of public deliberation. The first case documents the use of public deliberation in significantly reducing a school district budget. The second case illustrates how public deliberation aided in crafting state educational policy. Although it is risky and expensive public deliberation in these two cases illustrates how opening up policy-making to stakeholder participation can be highly successful. The paper concludes with implications for public management theory and practice. RP Roberts, N (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20350, USA. NR 44 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC PUBLIC ADMIN PI WASHINGTON PA 1120 G STREET WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0033-3352 J9 PUBLIC ADMIN REV JI Public Adm. Rev. PD MAR-APR PY 1997 VL 57 IS 2 BP 124 EP 132 DI 10.2307/977060 PG 9 WC Public Administration SC Public Administration GA WN188 UT WOS:A1997WN18800006 ER PT J AU Denison, GL Workman, TL AF Denison, GL Workman, TL TI General case of the day - Benign giant cell tumor with extension through the fibular head into the adjacent soft tissue. SO RADIOGRAPHICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 82nd Annual Meeting of the Radiological-Society-of-North-America CY DEC 01-06, 1996 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Radiol Soc N Amer DE bone neoplasms; extremities, neoplasms ID BONE C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP Denison, GL (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,34800 BOB WILSON DR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PI EASTON PA 20TH AND NORTHAMPTON STS, EASTON, PA 18042 SN 0271-5333 J9 RADIOGRAPHICS JI Radiographics PD MAR-APR PY 1997 VL 17 IS 2 BP 545 EP 547 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA WN092 UT WOS:A1997WN09200024 PM 9084092 ER PT J AU VanDeMark, B AF VanDeMark, B TI Old soldiers never die: The life of Douglas MacArthur - Perret,B SO REVIEWS IN AMERICAN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review RP VanDeMark, B (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4319 SN 0048-7511 J9 REV AM HIST JI Rev. Am. Hist. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 25 IS 1 BP 132 EP 135 DI 10.1353/rah.1997.0027 PG 4 WC History SC History GA WN245 UT WOS:A1997WN24500025 ER PT J AU Ray, R Little, B Wagner, P Hart, K AF Ray, R Little, B Wagner, P Hart, K TI Environmental scanning electron microscopy investigations of biodeterioration SO SCANNING LA English DT Article DE environmental scanning electron microscopy; biodeterioration; biofilm ID INDUCED CORROSION; ALLOYS AB Case studies will be presented in which environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) has been used to provide unique insight into the role of microorganisms in deterioration processes. ESEM is an excellent tool for demonstrating spatial relationships between microorganisms and substrata because hydrated, nonconducting samples can be viewed with a minimum of manipulation. Copper and iron-rich deposits associated with bacteria were detected within corrosion layers on copper and steel surfaces, respectively. Fungal mycelia growing on wooden storage spools were shown to penetrate protective grease on carbon steel wire rope in contact with the spool and to cause localized corrosion. Large numbers of marine bacteria were documented within paint blisters and disbonded regions of fiber-reinforced polymeric composites. In both cases, it appears that microbial gas production resulted in mechanical damage to the substrata. C1 USN,RES LAB,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529. NR 15 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 7 PU FAMS INC PI MAHWAH PA BOX 832, MAHWAH, NJ 07430 SN 0161-0457 J9 SCANNING JI Scanning PD MAR PY 1997 VL 19 IS 2 BP 98 EP 103 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy GA WP939 UT WOS:A1997WP93900007 ER PT J AU Mace, NA AF Mace, NA TI Natural masques: Gender and identity in Fielding's plays and novels SO SCRIBLERIAN AND THE KIT-CATS LA English DT Book Review C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Mace, NA (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TEMPLE UNIV PI PHILADELPHIA PA DEPT ENGLISH, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19122 USA SN 0036-9640 J9 SCRIBLERIAN KIT-CATS JI Scriblerian Kit-Cats PD SPR-FAL PY 1997 VL 30 IS 1 BP 202 EP 204 PG 3 WC Literature, British Isles SC Literature GA YY193 UT WOS:000072122600006 ER PT J AU Willis, Z Goodson, J AF Willis, Z Goodson, J TI USN's electronic charting future SO SEA TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article RP Willis, Z (reprint author), USN,OFF OCEANOGRAPHER,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPASS PUBL INC PI ARLINGTON PA SUITE 1000 1117 N 19 ST, ARLINGTON, VA 22209 SN 0093-3651 J9 SEA TECHNOL JI Sea Technol. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 38 IS 3 BP 27 EP 31 PG 5 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA WP206 UT WOS:A1997WP20600004 ER PT J AU Bart, JC Judd, LL Kusterbeck, AW AF Bart, JC Judd, LL Kusterbeck, AW TI Environmental immunoassay for the explosive RDX using a fluorescent dye-labeled antigen and the continuous-flow immunosensor SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd European Conference on Optical Chemical Sensors and Biosensors (EUROPT(R)ODE III) CY MAR 31-APR 03, 1996 CL ZURICH, SWITZERLAND DE explosives analysis; RDX; immunoassay; nitroorganics; environmental monitoring; portable sensors ID THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY; LIQUID; IDENTIFICATION; WATER; SOIL AB To assist in explosives detection for airport security and environmental remediation efforts, a biosensor has been developed at the Naval Research Laboratory based on immunoassays for explosives which are inexpensive, sensitive, and specific for the compound in question. Recently, an analog and antigen-protein complex of the plastic explosive hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) became commercially available. In this report, we present a synthetic scheme for the preparation of a dye-labeled analog of RDX and demonstrate its use in the detection of explosives in environmental samples. The RDX analog is linked to the succinimidyl ester of a sulfoindocyanine dye via two amide bonds using 1,5-diaminopentane. This dye conjugate is then allowed to bind to antibodies against RDX which are immobilized on plastic beads inside a 100 mu l column. Upon injection of samples into the stream of buffer flowing through the column, the fluorescent analog is displaced from the column in amounts which are proportional to the concentration of the analyte. Concentrations of RDX as low as 15 ppb are easily measurable in laboratory samples using this system. The continuous-flow immunosensor is also able to detect quantitatively RDX in environmental samples. C1 USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,CODE 6900,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. GEOCENTERS INC,FT WASHINGTON,MD 20744. NR 17 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD MAR-APR PY 1997 VL 39 IS 1-3 BP 411 EP 418 DI 10.1016/S0925-4005(97)80244-4 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA XT220 UT WOS:A1997XT22000043 ER PT J AU Whitten, RC AF Whitten, RC TI Untitled SO SOCIETY LA English DT Letter RP Whitten, RC (reprint author), USN,NAVY LEAGUE,CUPERTINO,CA, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI NEW BRUNSWICK PA DEPT 3091 RUTGERS-THE STATE UNIV OF NJ, NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08903 SN 0147-2011 J9 SOCIETY JI Society PD MAR-APR PY 1997 VL 34 IS 3 BP 8 EP 8 PG 1 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Sociology SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Sociology GA WJ470 UT WOS:A1997WJ47000001 ER PT J AU Wahl, KJ Seitzman, LE Bolster, RN Singer, IL Peterson, MB AF Wahl, KJ Seitzman, LE Bolster, RN Singer, IL Peterson, MB TI Ion-beam deposited Cu-Mo coatings as high temperature solid lubricants SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE friction; wear; solid lubrication; ion-beam deposition ID TRIBOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; THIN-FILMS; BEHAVIOR; ALUMINA; OXIDE; RAMAN AB Thin coatings of Cu-Mo were deposited on alumina substrates via ion-beam deposition (IBD). Structure and composition of the coatings were examined using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and micro-Raman spectroscopy. Sliding tests of coated and uncoated substrates were performed in air under reciprocating sliding conditions against alumina ball counterfaces; mean Hertzian contact pressures were 1.0 and 1.6 GPa, and test temperatures were between 25 and 650 degrees C. The as-deposited coatings were metallic and amorphous, but after exposure to temperatures +/-530 degrees C, they converted to oxides containing CuMoO4 and MoO3. With increasing temperature, the friction coefficients of the IBD Cu-Mo coatings decreased from similar to 0.5 to similar to 0.2. At high temperature, the coatings were capable of sustaining low friction sliding (mu approximate to 0.2) for 3000 cycles. At high load and temperature, the ball wear coefficient against the IBD Cu-Mo-coated alumina was 20-100 times less than that of uncoated alumina. The low friction observed at high temperatures was attributed to transformation of the coatings to crystalline oxides, which are known to be lubricious at elevated temperatures. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 WEAR SCI CORP,ARNOLD,MD 21012. RP Wahl, KJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. OI Wahl, Kathryn/0000-0001-8163-6964 NR 32 TC 40 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD MAR 1 PY 1997 VL 89 IS 3 BP 245 EP 251 DI 10.1016/S0257-8972(96)02900-3 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA WX192 UT WOS:A1997WX19200007 ER PT J AU vanEtten, L vanLieshout, L Mansour, MM Deelder, AM AF vanEtten, L vanLieshout, L Mansour, MM Deelder, AM TI A reagent strip antigen capture assay for the assessment of cure of schistosomiasis patients SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE schistosomiasis; Schistosoma spp.; chemotherapy; praziquantel; assessment of cure; circulating cathodic antigen ID URINE C1 USN,MED RES UNIT 3,CAIRO,EGYPT. RP vanEtten, L (reprint author), LEIDEN UNIV,PARASITOL LAB,FAC MED,POB 9605,NL-2300 RC LEIDEN,NETHERLANDS. NR 4 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC TROPICAL MEDICINE PI LONDON PA MANSON HOUSE 26 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON, ENGLAND W1N 4EY SN 0035-9203 J9 T ROY SOC TROP MED H JI Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR-APR PY 1997 VL 91 IS 2 BP 154 EP 155 DI 10.1016/S0035-9203(97)90204-2 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA WY965 UT WOS:A1997WY96500015 PM 9196755 ER PT J AU Lindsay, GA AF Lindsay, GA TI Aging in second-order nonlinear optical polymers SO TRENDS IN POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SIDE-CHAIN POLYMERS; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; ORIENTATIONAL RELAXATION; POLED POLYMER; WAVE-GUIDES; FILMS; DYNAMICS; MODEL; DYE AB Photonic communications technology is revolutionizing the way we transmit and receive information (higher speeds, lower costs). Second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) polymers may play a role in this revolution if adequate stability, optical nonlinearity and low loss can be demonstrated. The thermal stability of NLO polymer films has been dramatically improved in recent years by binding the chromophores to aromatic polyimides and other stiff backbones having glass transition temperatures (T(g)s) over 200 degrees C, and by crosslinking the polymers. The long-term chemical stability problem (especially photoinduced oxidation) needs more study; however, by proper choice of the chromophore for the optical frequencies of device operation, and by improving device packaging, these problems can be successfully mitigated. This review summarizes aging studies on NLO polymers from about 1993 through 1996. C1 USN,CHEM & MAT BRANCH 474220D,RES & TECHNOL DIV,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555. NR 48 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0966-4793 J9 TRENDS POLYM SCI JI Trends Polym. Sci. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 5 IS 3 BP 91 EP 96 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA WN958 UT WOS:A1997WN95800006 ER PT J AU delGuercio, MF Alexander, J Kubo, RT Arrhenius, T Maewal, A Appella, E Hoffman, SL Jones, T Valmori, D Sakaguchi, K Grey, HM Sette, A AF delGuercio, MF Alexander, J Kubo, RT Arrhenius, T Maewal, A Appella, E Hoffman, SL Jones, T Valmori, D Sakaguchi, K Grey, HM Sette, A TI Potent immunogenic short linear peptide constructs composed of B cell epitopes and Pan DR T Helper Epitopes (PADRE) for antibody responses in vivo SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE short linear peptide; peptide based vaccine; humoral immunity; malaria; PAN DR T helper epitopes ID CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; SURFACE-ANTIGEN; MALARIA VACCINE; LIPID-A; SPOROZOITE; INDUCTION; RESTRICTION; INFECTION AB Induction of humoral immune responses against protein antigen requires that two independent signals be delivered to B cells. It is currently assumed that simple monovalent synthetic peptides would not be effective immunogens for antibody responses because they would not be anticipated to effectively generate the necessary signals unless conjugated to a complex carrier system. In this study, the immunogenicity;of short linear peptide constructs comprising Plasmodium vivax B cell epitopes (PVB) and non-natural Pan-DR T helper cell epitopes (PADRE) was assessed in mice and compared to other types of antigen constructs. The 33-residue PADRE-PVB linear constructs were highly immunogenic and induced responses comparable to those obtained with the multiple antigen peptides (MAP) constructs, both in terms of absolute titers and quality of antibody responses. The anti-PVB antibody responses were of long duration, composed mostly of IgG and reactive with intact sporozoites. The PADRE-PVB constructs were immunogenic when formulated in adjuvants such as Alum and Montanide ISA 51 underlining the relevance of these findings for vaccine development. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 NCI,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. USN,MED RES INST,MALARIA PROGRAM,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. LA JOLLA INST ALLERGY & IMMUNOL,LA JOLLA,CA 92037. RP delGuercio, MF (reprint author), CYTEL CORP,3525 JOHN HOPKINS COURT,SAN DIEGO,CA 92121, USA. RI Valmori, Danila/K-2439-2015 FU NIAID NIH HHS [N01-AI-45241] NR 37 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR PY 1997 VL 15 IS 4 BP 441 EP 448 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(97)00186-2 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA WT721 UT WOS:A1997WT72100016 PM 9141216 ER PT J AU Thompson, G Bullock, R Lee, TF AF Thompson, G Bullock, R Lee, TF TI Using satellite data to reduce spatial extent of diagnosed icing SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING LA English DT Article ID CLOUD; IMAGERY; NIGHT AB Overprediction of the spatial extent of aircraft icing is a major problem in forecaster products based on numerical model output. Dependence on relative humidity fields, which are inherently broad and smooth, is the cause of this difficulty. Using multispectral satellite analysis based on NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer data, this paper shows how the spatial extent of icing potential based on model output can be reduced where there are no subfreezing cloud tops and, therefore, where icing is unlikely. Fifty-one cases were analyzed using two scenarios: 1) model output only and 2) model output screened by a satellite cloud analysis. Average area efficiency, a statistical validation measure of icing potential using coincident pilot reports of icing, improved substantially when satellite screening was applied. C1 USN,RES LAB,MONTEREY,CA. RP Thompson, G (reprint author), NATL CTR ATMOSPHER RES,RES APPLICAT PROGRAM,POB 3000,BOULDER,CO 80307, USA. NR 16 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0882-8156 J9 WEATHER FORECAST JI Weather Forecast. PD MAR PY 1997 VL 12 IS 1 BP 185 EP 190 DI 10.1175/1520-0434(1997)012<0185:USDTRS>2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA WQ473 UT WOS:A1997WQ47300014 ER PT J AU Taylor, WF Nyquist, PA Hyde, D Schrot, J Thomas, JR AF Taylor, WF Nyquist, PA Hyde, D Schrot, J Thomas, JR TI Effects of desmopressin on immersion diuresis and physical and cognitive performance after long dives. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,MED RES INST,DIVING & ENVIRONM PHYSIOL DEPT,BETHESDA,MD 20889. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1997 VL 11 IS 3 BP 310 EP 310 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA WL530 UT WOS:A1997WL53000310 ER PT J AU Kayar, SR Parker, EC Aukhert, EO AF Kayar, SR Parker, EC Aukhert, EO TI Oxygen pulse in guinea pigs in hyperbaric helium and hydrogen. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD 20889. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1997 VL 11 IS 3 BP 538 EP 538 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA WL530 UT WOS:A1997WL53000539 ER PT J AU Calderon, SN Rice, KC Rothman, RB Porreca, F FlippenAnderson, JL Kayakiri, H Xu, H Becketts, K Smith, LE Bilsky, EJ Davis, P Horvath, R AF Calderon, SN Rice, KC Rothman, RB Porreca, F FlippenAnderson, JL Kayakiri, H Xu, H Becketts, K Smith, LE Bilsky, EJ Davis, P Horvath, R TI Probes for narcotic receptor mediated phenomena .23. Synthesis, opioid receptor binding, and bioassay of the highly selective delta agonist (+)-4-[(alpha R)-alpha-((2S,5R)-4-allyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-methoxybenzyl]-N ,N-diethylbenzamide (SNC 80) and related novel nonpeptide delta opioid receptor ligands SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID BW373U86; RAT; PEPTIDES; MICE; MORPHINE; COCAINE; DRUGS; BRAIN; MOUSE; ANTINOCICEPTION AB The highly selective delta (delta) opioid receptor agonist SNC 80 [(+)-4-[(alpha R)-alpha-((2S,5R)-4-allyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-methoxybenzyl]-N,N-diethylbenzamide, (+)-21] and novel optically pure derivatives were synthesized from the enantiomers of 1-allyl-trans-2,5-dimethylpiperazine (2). The piperazine (+/-)-2 was synthesized, and its enantiomers were obtained on a multigram scale in > 99% optical purity by optical resolution of the racemate with the camphoric acids. The absolute configuration of (+)-2 was determined to be 2S,5R by X-ray analysis of the salt with (+)-camphoric acid. Since the chirality of the starting material was known, and the relative configuration of compounds (-)-21, (-)-22, and (+)-23 were obtained by single-crystal X-ray analysis, the assignment of the absolute stereochemistry of the entire series could be made. Radioreceptor binding studies in rat brain preparations showed that methyl ethers (+)-21 (SNC 80) and (-)-25 exhibited strong selectivity for rat delta receptors with low nanomolar affinity to delta receptors and only micromolar affinity for rat mu (mu) opioid receptors. Compounds (-)-21, (-)-22, and (-)-23 showed micromolar affinities for mu opioid receptors. The unsubstituted derivative (+)-22 and the fluorinated derivative (-)-27 showed >2659- and >2105-fold delta/mu binding selectivity, respectively. The latter derivatives are the most selective ligands described in the new series. Studies with some of the compounds described in the isolated mouse vas deferens and guinea pig ileum bioassays revealed that all were agonists with different degrees of selectivity for the delta opioid receptor. These data show that (+)-21 and (+)-22 are potent delta receptor agonists and suggest that these compounds will be valuable tools for further study of the delta opioid receptor at the molecular level, including its function and role in analgesia and drug abuse. C1 NIDDKD, MED CHEM LAB, NIH, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NIDA, ADDICT RES CTR, CLIN PSYCHOPHARMACOL SECT, BALTIMORE, MD 21224 USA. USN, RES LAB, STRUCT MATTER LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. UNIV ARIZONA, ARIZONA HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT PHARMACOL, TUCSON, AZ 85724 USA. NR 57 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-2623 J9 J MED CHEM JI J. Med. Chem. PD FEB 28 PY 1997 VL 40 IS 5 BP 695 EP 704 DI 10.1021/jm960319n PG 10 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA WK726 UT WOS:A1997WK72600008 PM 9057856 ER PT J AU Folkner, WM Kahn, RD Preston, RA Yoder, CF Standish, EM Williams, JG Edwards, CD Hellings, RW Eubanks, TM Bills, BG AF Folkner, WM Kahn, RD Preston, RA Yoder, CF Standish, EM Williams, JG Edwards, CD Hellings, RW Eubanks, TM Bills, BG TI Mars dynamics from Earth-based tracking of the Mars Pathfinder lander SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS LA English DT Article ID ASTRONOMICAL THEORY; OBLIQUITY; INERTIA; PLANETARY; PRESSURE; GRAVITY; MOMENT; CYCLE AB Measurements of Mars' rotational variations can be conducted via Earth-based radio tracking observations of the Mars Pathfinder lander during an extended mission. Two-way range measurements between an Earth tracking station and the lander will enable precise monitoring of the planet's orientation, allowing details of Mars' internal structure and global surface/atmosphere interactions to be determined. An analysis has been performed to investigate the accuracy with which key physical parameters of Mars can be determined using the Earth-based radio tracking measurements. Acquisition of such measurements over one Martian year should enable determination of Mars' polar moment of inertia to 1% or better, providing a strong constraint on radial density profiles (and hence on the iron content of the core and mantle) and on long-term variations of the obliquity, which influences the climate. Variations in Mars length of day and polar motion should also be detectable, and will yield information on the seasonal cycling of carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and the surface. C1 NASA, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR, GREENBELT, MD 20771 USA. USN OBSERV, WASHINGTON, DC 20392 USA. RP Folkner, WM (reprint author), CALTECH, JET PROP LAB, 4800 OAK GROVE DR, MS 238-700, PASADENA, CA 91109 USA. RI Bills, Bruce/C-1156-2008; OI Eubanks, Thomas Marshall/0000-0001-9543-0414 NR 31 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets PD FEB 25 PY 1997 VL 102 IS E2 BP 4057 EP 4064 DI 10.1029/96JE02125 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA WK420 UT WOS:A1997WK42000008 ER PT J AU Qadri, SB Yang, JP Skelton, EF Ratna, BR AF Qadri, SB Yang, JP Skelton, EF Ratna, BR TI Evidence of strain and lattice distortion in lead sulfide nanocrystallites SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CLUSTERS; SYSTEMS AB X-ray diffraction studies on nanometer sized lead sulfide particles reveal the presence of a compressive strain. A number of samples with particle sizes ranging from 2 to 16 nm were synthesized using the three dimensional periodic, bicontinuous cubic phase as a matrix. Samples of the larger size particles could be indexed to an fee lattice. As the particle size decreased below 6 nm, a tetragonal distortion of the cubic lattice was observed, accompanied by a decrease in the unit cell volume. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. RP USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 14 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 24 PY 1997 VL 70 IS 8 BP 1020 EP 1021 DI 10.1063/1.118470 PG 2 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WJ626 UT WOS:A1997WJ62600035 ER PT J AU Grun, J Manka, CK Hoffman, CA Meyer, JR Glembocki, OJ Kaplan, R Qadri, SB Skelton, EF Donnelly, D Covington, B AF Grun, J Manka, CK Hoffman, CA Meyer, JR Glembocki, OJ Kaplan, R Qadri, SB Skelton, EF Donnelly, D Covington, B TI Athermal annealing of silicon SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID IMPURITY; PLASMA AB We demonstrate a new mechanism for annealing silicon that does not involve the direct application of heat as in conventional thermal annealing or pulsed laser annealing. A laser purse focused to high power on a small surface spot of a neutron-transmutation-doped silicon slab is shown to anneal regions far outside the illuminated spot where no heat was directly deposited. Electrical activation of donors throughout the slab was uniform and comparable to that of thermally annealed control samples. We conjecture that the annealing was caused by mechanical energy introduced by the laser pulse. This new method may provide a viable alternative for annealing semiconductors or other materials. C1 SAM HOUSTON STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,HUNTSVILLE,TX 77341. RP Grun, J (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 25 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 24 PY 1997 VL 78 IS 8 BP 1584 EP 1587 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.1584 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA WK157 UT WOS:A1997WK15700047 ER PT J AU Saylor, JR AF Saylor, JR TI Internal reflection beneath capillary waterwaves: A method for measuring wave slope SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE wave slope measurement; internal reflection; capillary waves ID SURFACE AB Ray-tracing simulations were performed to explore total internal reflection of light rays beneath capillary water waves. A vertically oriented Light ray, scanned laterally below the wave surface, is mapped to a position that oscillates at a frequency f. It was found that f varies over 2 orders of magnitude as the dimensionless wave height alh varies from 0.34 to 0.73. This presents a possible frequency domain method for wave slope measurement in wave tank experiments. A linear relationship between the maximum displacement of the mapped ray and a/lambda is also demonstrated for a/lambda between 0.54 and 0.73, presenting a second wave slope measurement approach. The consequences of partial internal reflection are considered. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. RP Saylor, JR (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD FEB 20 PY 1997 VL 36 IS 6 BP 1121 EP 1129 DI 10.1364/AO.36.001121 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA WH289 UT WOS:A1997WH28900003 PM 18250779 ER PT J AU Cruddace, RG Kowalski, MP Fritz, GG Snyder, WA Fenimore, EE Ulmer, MP AF Cruddace, RG Kowalski, MP Fritz, GG Snyder, WA Fenimore, EE Ulmer, MP TI The baryon fraction in the perseus cluster: Results from Spartan 1 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dark matter; galaxies, clusters, individual (Perseus); X-rays, galaxies ID X-RAY OBSERVATIONS; RICH CLUSTERS; DARK MATTER; GALAXIES; IRON; DYNAMICS; VELOCITY; EMISSION; RATIO; GAS AB Spatially and spectrally resolved X-ray observations of the Perseus cluster in the 1-10 keV band were made by the Spartan 1 instrument. Analysis of the data reveals that the dark matter comprises 60% of the total mass and is concentrated toward the cluster center. This concentration may be caused by a baryonic component of the dark matter, consisting of cluster gas which has cooled. The average luminous baryon fraction within the cluster is consistent with big bang nucleosynthesis only if the cosmic mass density lies in the range 0.12 < Omega < 0.26 (H-0 = 50 km s(-1) Mpc(-1)). The total mass derived from the X-ray data is 40% of that obtained from analysis of the galaxy spatial and velocity distributions. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,EVANSTON,IL 60208. RP Cruddace, RG (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,CODE 7620,4555 OVERLOOK AVE,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 1997 VL 476 IS 2 BP 479 EP 488 DI 10.1086/303634 PN 1 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WH858 UT WOS:A1997WH85800005 ER PT J AU Mattox, JR Wagner, SJ Malkan, M McGlynn, TA Schachter, JF Grove, JE Johnson, WN Kurfess, JD AF Mattox, JR Wagner, SJ Malkan, M McGlynn, TA Schachter, JF Grove, JE Johnson, WN Kurfess, JD TI An intense gamma-ray flare of PKS 1622-297 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies, individual (PKS 162 - 297); gamma rays, bursts; gamma rays, observations ID QUASI-STELLAR OBJECTS; EXTRAGALACTIC JETS; OPTICAL CATALOG; ACTIVE GALAXIES; PAIR CASCADES; EMISSION AB We report the observation by the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory of a spectacular flare of radio source PKS 1622-297. A peak flux of (17 +/- 3) x 10(-6) cm(-2) s(-1) (E > 100 MeV) was observed. The corresponding isotropic luminosity is 2.9 x 10(49) ergs s(-1). We find that PKS 1622-297 exhibits gamma-ray intraday variability. A flux increase by a factor of at least 3.6 was observed to occur in less than 7.1 hr (with 99% confidence). Assuming an exponential rise, the corresponding doubling time is less than 3.8 hr. A significant flux decrease by a factor of similar to 2 in 9.7 hr was also observed. Without beaming, the rapid flux change and large isotropic luminosity are inconsistent with the Elliot-Shapiro condition (assuming that gas accretion is the immediate source of power for the gamma-rays). This inconsistency suggests that the gamma-ray emission is beamed. A minimum Doppler factor of 8.1 is implied by the observed lack of pair-production opacity (assuming X-rays are emitted cospatially with the gamma-rays). Simultaneous observation by EGRET and OSSE finds a spectrum adequately fitted by a power law with photon index of -1.9. Although the significance is not sufficient to establish this beyond doubt, the high-energy gamma-ray spectrum appears to evolve from hard to soft as a flare progresses. C1 LANDESSTERNWARTE KONIGSTUHL,D-69117 HEIDELBERG,GERMANY. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20701. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Mattox, JR (reprint author), BOSTON UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,725 COMMONWEALTH AVE,BOSTON,MA 02215, USA. RI Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014 NR 43 TC 113 Z9 115 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 1997 VL 476 IS 2 BP 692 EP 697 DI 10.1086/303639 PN 1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WH858 UT WOS:A1997WH85800021 ER PT J AU Doschek, GA AF Doschek, GA TI Emission measures and electron densities for the solar transition region SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE atomic processes; Sun, transition region; Sun, UV radiation ID EFFECTIVE COLLISION STRENGTHS; LINE RATIOS; IMPACT EXCITATION; ATOMIC DATA; QUIET-SUN; SI-III; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET; RATE COEFFICIENTS; CORONAL HOLES; AL-III AB I analyze high spectral resolution ultraviolet spectra (1200-2000 Angstrom) recorded by the Naval Research Laboratory slit spectrograph (S082-B) on the Skylab space station. The spectra were obtained from the quiet Sun, a polar coronal hole, and two active regions. One goal of this work is to determine electron densities and emission measures for transition region lines formed between about 3 x 10(4) K and 2.5 x 10(5) K, using the best available atomic data. The majority of these data were not available during the Skylab era. Another goal of this work is to compare results using two independent instrument calibrations that differ at the extreme short- and long-wavelength ends of the spectrograph's useful wavelength range. The overall shape of the emission measure distribution with temperature derived in this analysis is similar to that found from other data sets. However, as found by other researchers recently, I find significant discrepancies in emission measures obtained for ions that should be formed at the same temperature. Most of these discrepancies are independent of the calibration used and are also independent of the solar region and element abundances adopted. Apart from inaccuracies in atomic physics, some of the discrepancies may be real and may reflect the unresolved fine structure of the transition region. No indication of non-Maxwellian distributions was found from the lines analyzed. The temperatures of formation for transition region ions seem to be close to their predicted temperatures in ionization equilibrium, although the sample of temperature-sensitive diagnostics is very limited over the S082-B wavelength range. Derived electron pressures (product of electron density and temperature) in the different solar regions range from 9.0 x 10(13) K cm(-3) in a coronal hole up to 2.4 x 10(16) K cm(-3) in an active region. RP Doschek, GA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 60 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 1997 VL 476 IS 2 BP 903 EP 917 DI 10.1086/303640 PN 1 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WH858 UT WOS:A1997WH85800040 ER PT J AU Summers, ME Siskind, DE Bacmeister, JT Conway, RR Zasadil, SE Strobel, DF AF Summers, ME Siskind, DE Bacmeister, JT Conway, RR Zasadil, SE Strobel, DF TI Seasonal variation of middle atmospheric CH4 and H2O with a new chemical-dynamical model SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; MESOSPHERIC WATER-VAPOR; LOWER THERMOSPHERE; GRAVITY-WAVE; UPPER-STRATOSPHERE; THERMAL STRUCTURE; SEMIANNUAL OSCILLATION; OZONE PHOTOCHEMISTRY; VERTICAL TRANSPORT; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER AB A new zonally averaged, chemical-dynamical model of the middle atmosphere is used to study the processes which control the distributions and seasonal variability of CH4 and H2O. This model incorporates a nondiffusive, nondispersive advection scheme, a time-dependent linear model of planetary wave drag and horizontal mixing (K-yy), a new parameterization of gravity wave drag and vertical mixing (K-zz), and an explicit treatment of LTE (local thermodynamic equilibrium) and non-LTE IR cooling. Model chemistry is calculated using a Newton-Raphson iterative scheme, which allows consistent simulations of of model CH4 and H2O to the magnitude of tropospheric latent heat release, planetary wave and gravity wave activity, and the methane oxidation rate. Model results show that in the tropical stratosphere their vertical distributions are strong functions of both the methane oxidation rate and the ascent rate, the latter driven by a combination of tropospheric latent heat release and atmospheric drag. at low latitudes HALOE observations and model results both show conservation of ''potential H-2'' (2xCH(4)+H2O) below similar to 50 km. However, the conservation of potential H-2 from HALOE observations breaks down above similar to 55 km, while the model shows conservation well into the middle mesosphere (similar to 70 km). This may suggest serious inadequacies in our understanding of the photochemistry of water vapor and mesospheric HOx, in particular those processes which control the partitioning of H-2 and H2O. At high latitudes, H2O model/data comparisons suggest that horizontal mixing is important in determining the observed latitudinal gradient in mesospheric water vapor. We also find that inside the polar winter vortex; while the strength of tropical latent heat forcing and planetary wave drag influence the descent rate, both horizontal mixing and the methane photochemistry play important roles in determining the CH4 mixing ratio. Finally, we suggest that the observed interhemispheric asymmetry in the seasonal cycle of mesospheric H2O may be linked to larger values of K-zz in the southern winter mesosphere. This represents a key difference between mesospheric and stratospheric tracer transport. In the stratosphere, greater net unmixed descent in the southern hemisphere directly translates into lower tracer values relative to the northern hemisphere, while mesospheric tracer transport shows the opposite behavior. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, DEPT EARTH & PLANETARY SCI, BALTIMORE, MD 21228 USA. COMPUTAT PHYS INC, FAIRFAX, VA 22031 USA. RP Summers, ME (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES, CODE 7641, 4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 87 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 20 PY 1997 VL 102 IS D3 BP 3503 EP 3526 DI 10.1029/96JD02971 PG 24 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA WK266 UT WOS:A1997WK26600001 ER PT J AU Siskind, DE Bacmeister, JT Summers, ME Russell, JM AF Siskind, DE Bacmeister, JT Summers, ME Russell, JM TI Two-dimensional model calculations of nitric oxide transport in the middle atmosphere and comparison with Halogen Occultation Experiment data SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID LOWER THERMOSPHERE; SEASONAL-VARIATION; UPPER-STRATOSPHERE; THERMAL STRUCTURE; NUMERICAL-MODEL; ENERGY BUDGET; MIXING RATIOS; WATER-VAPOR; MESOSPHERE; VARIABILITY AB A two-dimensional chemical transport model has been used to examine the physical processes governing the transport of high levels of thermospheric nitric oxide (NO) downward into the middle atmosphere. Three different facets of this transport are studied. The first facet involves diffusion from the thermosphere to the summertime mesopause region. The second facet involves downward advection by the mean meridional circulation in the wintertime mesosphere and the effects of planetary wave mixing on the latitudinal gradient of NO. The third facet is the residual amount of NO deposited in the springtime upper stratosphere and its senstivity to the magnitude and duration of the unmixed descent which occurred the previous winter. Comparison of the model with observations by the Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) suggest the following: (1) A clear auroral enhancement in summertime NO exists at 89 km. Model calculations suggest this results from both in situ ionization and dissociation of N-2 as well as downward diffusion from the thermosphere above 100 km. (2) Using HALOE CH4 observations as a tracer, enhanced NO in the wintertime mesosphere is seen to be transported to latitudes as far equatorward as 30 degrees-40 degrees. The model is in good agreement with these observations when planetary wave mixing is included. Without this mixing, the. enhanced NO remains confined to high latitudes that are not observed by HALOE in winter. (3) The model overestimates the net NO deposited into the upper stratosphere. This appears to be related to the model springtime warming being delayed relative to the real atmosphere. Inclusion of an additional source of drag in the polar stratosphere in late winter yields better agreement with observations. C1 NASA, LANGLEY RES CTR, DIV ATMOSPHER SCI, HAMPTON, VA 23665 USA. RP Siskind, DE (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES, CODE 7641, 4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 60 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 20 PY 1997 VL 102 IS D3 BP 3527 EP 3545 DI 10.1029/96JD02970 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA WK266 UT WOS:A1997WK26600002 ER PT J AU Rosenfield, JE Considine, DB Meade, PE Bacmeister, JT Jackman, CH Schoeberl, MR AF Rosenfield, JE Considine, DB Meade, PE Bacmeister, JT Jackman, CH Schoeberl, MR TI Stratospheric effects of Mount Pinatubo aerosol studied with a coupled two-dimensional model SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC HEATING RATE; MT-PINATUBO; SULFURIC-ACID; 2-DIMENSIONAL MODEL; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; OZONE DEPLETION; TROPICAL OZONE; NIMBUS-7 SBUV; POLAR VORTEX AB A new interactive radiative-dynamical-chemical zonally averaged two-dimensional model has been developed at Goddard Space Flight Center. The model includes a linear planetary wave parameterization featuring wave-mean flow interaction and the direct calculation of eddy mixing from planetary wave dissipation. It utilizes family gas phase chemistry approximations and includes heterogeneous chemistry on the surfaces of both stratospheric sulfate aerosols and polar stratospheric clouds. This model has been used to study the effects of the sulfate aerosol cloud formed by the eruption of Mount Pinatubo in June 1991 on stratospheric temperatures, dynamics, and chemistry. Aerosol extinctions and surface area densities were constrained by satellite observations and were used to compute the aerosol effects on radiative heating rates, photolysis rates, and heterogeneous chemistry. The net predicted perturbations to the column ozone amount were low-latitude depletions of 2-3% and northern and southern high-latitude depletions of 10-12%, in good agreement with observations. In the low latitudes a depletion of roughly 1-2% was due to the altered circulation (increased upwelling) resulting from the perturbation of the heating rates, with the heterogeneous chemistry and photolysis rate perturbations contributing roughly 0.5% each. In the high latitudes the computed ozone column depletions were mainly a result of heterogeneous chemistry occurring on the surfaces of the volcanic aerosol. Temperature anomalies predicted were a low-latitude warming peaking at 2.5 K in mid-1992 and high-latitude coolings of 1-2 K which were associated with the high-latitude ozone reductions. The sensitivity of the predicted perturbations to changes in the specification of the planetary wave forcings was examined. The maximum globally averaged column ozone depletions ranged from 2 to 4% for the cases studied. C1 USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. GEN SCI CORP, LAUREL, MD USA. APPL RES CORP, LANDOVER, MD 20785 USA. RP Rosenfield, JE (reprint author), NASA, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR, CODE 916, GREENBELT, MD 20771 USA. RI Jackman, Charles/D-4699-2012 NR 64 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 20 PY 1997 VL 102 IS D3 BP 3649 EP 3670 DI 10.1029/96JD03820 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA WK266 UT WOS:A1997WK26600011 ER PT J AU Perry, MD Harrison, JA AF Perry, MD Harrison, JA TI Friction between diamond surfaces in the presence of small third-body molecules SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-SCALE FRICTION; FORCE MICROSCOPY; DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; ENERGY-DISSIPATION; FILMS; WEAR; NANOTRIBOLOGY; TIP; GRAPHITE; BOUNDARY AB Molecular dynamics simulations have been used to examine the friction between the hydrogen-terminated (111) faces of diamond with small hydrocarbon (third-body) molecules trapped between them. In general, the presence of the trapped third-body molecules reduced the friction between the diamond surfaces with the most pronounced reduction at high loads. The size and shape of the third-body molecule, as well as the alignment of atoms on opposing diamond surfaces, were found to be paramount in determining the magnitude of the friction. These results are compared to results from previous simulations that examined the effects of chemically bound hydrocarbons on the friction between diamond surfaces and to available experimental data. C1 USN ACAD, DEPT CHEM, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21402 USA. NR 47 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD FEB 20 PY 1997 VL 101 IS 8 BP 1364 EP 1373 DI 10.1021/jp962561b PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA WL117 UT WOS:A1997WL11700016 ER PT J AU Johnston, PG Mick, R Recant, W Behan, KA Dolan, ME Ratain, MJ Beckmann, E Weichselbaum, RR Allegra, CJ Vokes, EE AF Johnston, PG Mick, R Recant, W Behan, KA Dolan, ME Ratain, MJ Beckmann, E Weichselbaum, RR Allegra, CJ Vokes, EE TI Thymidylate synthase expression and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with advanced head and neck cancer SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE LA English DT Article ID HIGH-DOSE LEUCOVORIN; LOCALLY ADVANCED HEAD; CONCOMITANT CHEMORADIOTHERAPY; INDUCTION CHEMOTHERAPY; 5-FLUOROURACIL; FLUOROURACIL; CISPLATIN; INTERFERON; CELLS; CARCINOMA AB Background: Thymidylate synthase (TS), an essential enzyme in DNA synthesis, is a target for the fluoropyrimidines, an important group of antineoplastic agents used widely in the treatment of head and neck cancer, Purpose: We evaluated relationships between the level and/or pattern of tumor TS expression and response to fluorouracil (5-FU)-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with advanced head and neck cancer, Methods: Tumor specimens from 86 patients were available for this retrospective analysis, The patients were enrolled in four consecutive phase II studies that tested combinations of 5-FU, leucovorin, and cisplatin with or without added methotrexate plus piritrexim or interferon alfa-2b (IFN alpha-2b), TS protein expression in the tumors was assessed by use of the TS 106 monoclonal antibody and standard immunohistochemical staining techniques, TS immunostaining was classified according to its level of intensity (TS 0-1 = low, TS 2 = intermediate, and TS 3 = high) and according to its extent (focal pattern = less than 25% of tumor cells positive; diffuse pattern = greater than or equal to 25% of tumor cells positive), Data from 79 patients were available for an analysis of tumor TS expression and patient/tumor characteristics; 70 patients were assessable for their response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Results: There was a statistically significant association between the level of tumor TS expression and the degree of tumor differentiation; a higher proportion of patients whose tumors exhibited TS 0-1 immunostaining had undifferentiated or poorly differentiated tumors than patients whose tumors exhibited TS 2 or TS 3 immunostaining (P = .03, Jonckheere-Terpstra trend test), Among the 70 patients who were assessable for response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, TS 3 tumor immunostaining was associated with a lower rate of complete response (i.e., complete disappearance of clinically detectable disease for a minimum of 4 weeks from time of initial determination) than was TS 2 or TS 0-1 immunostaining, but this association was not statistically significant (P = .09, exact trend test); among the 39 patients who were treated with regimens that included 5-FU, leucovorin, cisplatin, and IFN alpha-2b, this inverse association between TS immunostaining intensity and response was statistically significant (P = .02, exact trend test), Tumor TS immunostaining intensity and overall survival were not found to be associated, Patients with tumors exhibiting a focal pattern of TS immunostaining have experienced significantly longer survival than patients with tumors exhibiting a diffuse pattern; for the 53 patients with diffuse tumor TS immunostaining, the median survival was 24.7 months, whereas the median survival has not yet been reached for the 22 patients with focal tumor TS immunostaining (P = .04, two-tailed logrank test), However, the survival advantage for the focal versus diffuse TS immunostaining pattern was limited to patients whose tumors also exhibited a TS 3 level of immunostaining intensity. Conclusions and Implications: Characterization of tumor TS expression may he of value in identifying patients with advanced head and neck cancer who would benefit from fluoropyrimidine-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. C1 NCI,USN,MED ONCOL BRANCH,DIV CLIN SCI,BETHESDA,MD. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT MED,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT PATHOL,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT RADIAT & CELLULAR ONCOL,CANC RES CTR,CHICAGO,IL 60637. MICHAEL REESE HOSP & MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,CHICAGO,IL 60616. NR 31 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL CANCER INSTITUTE PI BETHESDA PA 9030 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0027-8874 J9 J NATL CANCER I JI J. Natl. Cancer Inst. PD FEB 19 PY 1997 VL 89 IS 4 BP 308 EP 313 DI 10.1093/jnci/89.4.308 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA WH830 UT WOS:A1997WH83000013 PM 9048835 ER PT J AU Hammond, RT Davis, J Bobb, L AF Hammond, RT Davis, J Bobb, L TI Reflection, absorption, and transmission of ultra-low-frequency electromagnetic waves through a Gaussian conductor SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GEOMAGNETIC-PULSATIONS; OSCILLATIONS; IONOSPHERE AB The reflection, transmission, and absorption coefficients are derived for long-wavelength electromagnetic radiation propagating through a medium that exhibits a Gaussian conductivity. It is shown that, under certain circumstances, this applies to the ionosphere. The effects of different peak conductivities and Gaussian widths are examined, and a useful form for calculating transmission and reflection coefficients is presented. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 NAVAL AIR WARFARE CTR,PATUXENT RIVER,MD 20670. RP Hammond, RT (reprint author), N DAKOTA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,FARGO,ND 58105, USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 1997 VL 81 IS 4 BP 1619 EP 1622 DI 10.1063/1.364063 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WH339 UT WOS:A1997WH33900001 ER PT J AU Russell, AE Rubasingham, L Ballinger, TH Hagans, PL AF Russell, AE Rubasingham, L Ballinger, TH Hagans, PL TI Thin layer effects in in situ far-infrared spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE thin layer effects; far-infrared spectroscopy ID IR SPECTROSCOPY; IN-SITU; ELECTRODES; ABSORPTION; WATER; CELL AB The origin of bands observed at 190 and 370 cm(-1) in in situ far-infrared spectroscopic studies of electrode surfaces in aqueous solution is discussed. It is argued that these bands may be attributed to changes in the thickness or concentration of water in the thin layer as small as 30 nm or 3 mmol dm(-3). C1 USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RP Russell, AE (reprint author), UNIV NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE, DEPT CHEM, BEDSON BLDG, NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE NE1 7RU, TYNE & WEAR, ENGLAND. RI Russell, Andrea/B-8114-2009; Russell, Andrea/A-9625-2012 NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 1572-6657 J9 J ELECTROANAL CHEM JI J. Electroanal. Chem. PD FEB 15 PY 1997 VL 422 IS 1-2 BP 197 EP 200 DI 10.1016/S0022-0728(96)04891-7 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA WX986 UT WOS:A1997WX98600023 ER PT J AU White, WB Lean, J Cayan, DR Dettinger, MD AF White, WB Lean, J Cayan, DR Dettinger, MD TI Response of global upper ocean temperature to changing solar irradiance SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE VARIABILITY; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; CYCLE; INDICATOR; SIGNALS; LENGTH; MODEL AB By focusing on time sequences of basin-average and global-average upper ocean temperature (i.e., from 40 degrees S to 60 degrees N) we find temperatures responding to changing solar irradiance in three separate frequency bands with periods of >100 years, 18-25 years, and 9-13 years. Moreover, we find them in two different data sets, that is, surface marine weather observations from 1990 to 1991 and bathythermograph (BT) upper ocean temperature profiles from 1955 to 1994. Band-passing basin-average find each frequency component in phase across the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic Oceans, yielding global-average records with maximum amplitudes of 0.04 degrees +/- 0.01 degrees K and 0.07 degrees 0.01 degrees K on decadal and interdecadal scales, respectively. These achieve maximum correlation with solar irradiance records (i.e., with maximum amplitude 0.5 W m(-2) at the top of the atmosphere) al phase lags ranging from 30 degrees to 50 degrees. From the BT data set, solar signals in global-average temperature penetrate to 80-160 m, confined to the upper layer above the main pycnocline. Operating a global-average heat budget for the upper ocean yields sea surface temperature responses of 0.01 degrees-0.03 degrees K and 0.02 degrees-0.05 degrees K on decadal and interdecadal scales, respectively, from the 0.1 W m(-2) Penetration of solar irradiance to the sea surface. Since this is of the same order as that observed (i.e., 0.04 degrees-0.07 degrees K), we can infer that anomalous heat from changing solar irradiance is stored in the upper layer of the ocean. C1 USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. US GEOL SURVEY,SAN DIEGO,CA. RP White, WB (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SCRIPPS INST OCEANOG,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. NR 40 TC 213 Z9 228 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD FEB 15 PY 1997 VL 102 IS C2 BP 3255 EP 3266 DI 10.1029/96JC03549 PG 12 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA WH737 UT WOS:A1997WH73700003 ER PT J AU Newton, JL Sotirin, BJ AF Newton, JL Sotirin, BJ TI Boundary undercurrent and water mass changes in the Lincoln Sea SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID HALOCLINE; OCEAN AB Oceanographic measurements taken between 1989 and 1994 in the Lincoln Sea describe the currents and water mass structure along the continental slope of the Arctic Basin between the Canadian and Eurasian Basins. The measurements included periodic conductivity and temperature versus depth (CTD) profiles from ice camps, CTD cross sections normal to the slope, and year-round current measurements. Analysis of this data describes the hydrographic structure of the waters over the continental slope and identifies some significant interannual variations. An undercurrent, confined to the continental slope, with a width of about 50 km and speeds of 5-9 cm s(-1) is shown in geostrophic current cross sections. The presence of this easterly flow at depth is confirmed by current meter measurements, and its existence has also been observed in the Beaufort Sea and the Barents Sea [Aagaard, 1989]. The waters within this undercurrent exhibit temperature-salinity (TS) characteristics similar to Canadian Basin waters, suggesting a boundary current system which is continuous along the continental slope north of Alaska and Canada. Significant interannual variations in temperature and salinity profiles may be related to variations in the large-scale circulation of the Arctic. Examination of the upper pycnocline waters over the slope between 1991 and 1994 indicated a relative temperature maximum overlying a minimum, TS characteristics similar to waters attributed to Bering Sea origin found in the Canadian Basin. These characteristics were not seen, however, during 1989 and 1990, suggesting a recent increase in the transport of surface waters from the Canadian Basin into the Eurasian Basin. C1 USN,COMMAND CTR,RES DEV TEST & EVALUAT DIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. USN,CTR OCEAN SYST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. POLAR ASSOC INC,SANTA BARBARA,CA. NR 19 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD FEB 15 PY 1997 VL 102 IS C2 BP 3393 EP 3403 DI 10.1029/96JC03441 PG 11 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA WH737 UT WOS:A1997WH73700015 ER PT J AU Perkins, AL Smedstad, LF Blake, DW Heburn, GW Wallcraft, AJ AF Perkins, AL Smedstad, LF Blake, DW Heburn, GW Wallcraft, AJ TI A new nested boundary condition for a primitive equation ocean model SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID SIMULATION; CIRCULATION; DYNAMICS; SEAS AB Nested boundary techniques are developed based on the results of Perkins [1993] and Blake [1991]. We focus on the numerical and physical consistency needs across the nested boundary. These techniques replace the transition zone used by other researchers with a numerically and a physically based correction step. We demonstrate our method using a nested, reduced gravity version of the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) primitive equation ocean model and a two-layer hydrodynamic finite-depth version of the same model. Numerical experiments are performed using integrations of both an idealized double gyre and a realistic Greenland Iceland Norwegian (GIN) Sea configuration. To illustrate the need for improved boundary treatment, we present a numerical study of boundary errors. The study illustrates the fragile nature of nested boundary conditions. With even small errors, a dramatic impact is observed on the formation (or lack thereof) of the Atlantic-Norwegian Current, which is responsible for transporting North Atlantic water to the Arctic Ocean, in the GIN Sea configuration. C1 GEORGE MASON UNIV,INST COMPUTAT SCI & INFORMAT,FAIRFAX,VA 22030. USN,RES LAB,OCEAN EXECUT AGENT OFF,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. PLANNING SYST INC,MSAAP,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529. RP Perkins, AL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,BLDG 1007,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 44 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD FEB 15 PY 1997 VL 102 IS C2 BP 3483 EP 3500 DI 10.1029/96JC03246 PG 18 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA WH737 UT WOS:A1997WH73700021 ER PT J AU Tsai, TE Williams, GM Friebele, EJ AF Tsai, TE Williams, GM Friebele, EJ TI Index structure of fiber Bragg gratings in Ge-SiO2 fibers SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ULTRAVIOLET-LASER FABRICATION; SILICA WAVE-GUIDES; COLOR-CENTER MODEL; OPTICAL-FIBER; UV PHOTOSENSITIVITY; PREFORMS AB The behavior of the concentration of photoinduced color centers in Ge-SiO2 optical fibers was compared with that of the index modulation associated with fiber Bragg gratings (FBG's) written in the same fibers. We find that the fluence dependence of the photoinduced Ge E' center, its thermal annealing behavior, and its reaction with H-2 are similar to that of the index modulation generated in both H-2-loaded and unloaded Ge-SiO2 fibers. The much higher photosensitivity of H-2-loaded Ge-SiO2 fibers is attributed to the much higher formation efficiency of Ge E' centers, with an additional contribution from GeH. A diamagnetic structure, possibly densification, is also found to contribute to the index modulation of FBG's. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. C1 VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,FIBER & ELECTROOPT RES CTR,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. RP Tsai, TE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 20 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD FEB 15 PY 1997 VL 22 IS 4 BP 224 EP 226 DI 10.1364/OL.22.000224 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA WH246 UT WOS:A1997WH24600010 PM 18183157 ER PT J AU Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR AF Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR TI Generalized two-dimensional mesoscopic quantum transport: Application to disordered quantum wires SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INTERFACE ROUGHNESS SCATTERING; TRANSVERSE MAGNETIC-FIELD; OPTICAL-PHONON-SCATTERING; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; REALISTIC POTENTIALS; MOBILITY; WELLS; MAGNETORESISTANCE; SEMICONDUCTORS; CONFINEMENT AB A two-dimensional (2D) finite-difference time-domain model based on wave-packet propagation has been formulated. This method, which is capable of treating arbitrary potential profiles, is applied to the problem of finding the momentum (k), relaxation rates for each subband due to interface roughness scattering in disordered quantum wires as a function of wire width, electron energy, disorder correlation length (Lambda), and disorder penetration depth. Results from the general 2D numerical approach are compared with those from 1D calculations based on the adiabatic approximation and the Born approximation. The error introduced by the Born approximation is found to be as much as a factor of 2.5 for small correlation lengths (Lambda k<1), and becomes significantly greater for large correlation lengths (Lambda k much greater than 1) owing to the predominance of higher-order scattering processes. If only intrasubband scattering is effective, the adiabatic approximation agrees to within 50% with the more general 2D results for a wide range of disorder parameters. However, the relaxation time decreases significantly at higher energies with the onset of scattering to higher electron subbands, which the adiabatic approximation is incapable of treating. For electron energies lower than the average disorder-induced potential barriers, the electron wave packet becomes localized with slow probability density decay due to tunneling. RP Vurgaftman, I (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 5613,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 1997 VL 55 IS 7 BP 4494 EP 4502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.55.4494 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WK493 UT WOS:A1997WK49300078 ER PT J AU Poweleit, CD Smith, LM Jonker, BT AF Poweleit, CD Smith, LM Jonker, BT TI Thermal relaxation of excitons in ZnSe and Zn1-xMnxSe diluted magnetic semiconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICS AB We use time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy to measure the thermal relaxation of hot excitons in ZnSe-based diluted magnetic semiconductors at low temperatures (T-lat<10 K). Unlike other direct-gap semiconductors, the strong Frohlich interaction in ZnSe semiconductors means that a spectral line associated with recombination of excitons accompanied by the emission of 1 or 2 optic phonons is easily visible in the photoluminescence spectra. The emission of the optic phonon relaxes the momentum selection rules so that any exciton in the band is allowed to recombine. Thus, the 1-LO and 2-LO phonon replica lines give a direct measure of the electronic temperature of the excitons within their bands. We find that the excitons relax within 300 ps to the lattice temperature, and that this relaxation can be accurately described by the emission of acoustic phonons through deformation-potential scattering theory. C1 UNIV CINCINNATI,DEPT PHYS,CINCINNATI,OH 45221. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RI Smith, Leigh/A-1071-2009 OI Smith, Leigh/0000-0002-3950-1713 NR 5 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 15 PY 1997 VL 55 IS 8 BP 5062 EP 5064 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.55.5062 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WL499 UT WOS:A1997WL49900037 ER PT J AU McNelley, TR McMahon, ME Hales, SJ AF McNelley, TR McMahon, ME Hales, SJ TI An EBSP investigation of alternate microstructures for superplasticity in aluminum-magnesium alloys SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID RECRYSTALLIZATION C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA 93943. ANALYT SERV & MAT INC,HAMPTON,VA 23666. RP McNelley, TR (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT MECH ENGN,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 11 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD FEB 15 PY 1997 VL 36 IS 4 BP 369 EP 375 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(96)00403-4 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA WF191 UT WOS:A1997WF19100002 ER PT J AU Fatemi, DJ Murata, H Merritt, CD Kafafi, ZH AF Fatemi, DJ Murata, H Merritt, CD Kafafi, ZH TI Highly fluorescent molecular organic composites for light-emitting diodes SO SYNTHETIC METALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on the Science and Technology of Synthetic Metals CY JUL 28-AUG 02, 1996 CL SNOWBIRD, UT SP Univ Utah, Elsevier Sci SA, Los Alamos Nat Lab, Monsanto, Off Naval Res, US Dept Energy, Bayer Corp, Taiwan United Microelec Corp, Uniax DE photoluminescence; electroluminescence; organic light-emitting diodes; organic composites ID ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICES; LAYER AB Organic films of tris-(8-hydroxyquinolinato) aluminum (III) and N,N'-diphenyl-N,N'-bis(3-methylphenyl)-1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diamine doped with highly fluorescent molecules were prepared by vacuum deposition. Optical absorption and photoluminescence spectra of the composites were measured as a function of dopant concentration. These films were also used as the emitting layer in light-emitting diodes, where their electroluminescence spectra was studied as a function of dopant concentration. Color tunability from the blue-green to the red-orange based on variation in the fluorescent molecule and dopant concentration was attained, and quantum efficiencies were found to be enhanced upon doping of the emitter layer. RP USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RI Murata, Hideyuki/J-8453-2012 OI Murata, Hideyuki/0000-0001-8248-9652 NR 14 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0379-6779 J9 SYNTHETIC MET JI Synth. Met. PD FEB 15 PY 1997 VL 85 IS 1-3 BP 1225 EP 1228 DI 10.1016/S0379-6779(97)80215-9 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science GA WX708 UT WOS:A1997WX70800086 ER PT J AU Rollwagen, FM AF Rollwagen, FM TI Hepatic allograft injury in erythropoietic protoporphyria SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Letter RP Rollwagen, FM (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 1 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD FEB 15 PY 1997 VL 63 IS 3 BP 485 EP 486 DI 10.1097/00007890-199702150-00031 PG 2 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA WJ326 UT WOS:A1997WJ32600031 PM 9039949 ER PT J AU Leggatt, GR AlexanderMiller, MA Kumar, A Hoffman, SL Berzofsky, JA AF Leggatt, GR AlexanderMiller, MA Kumar, A Hoffman, SL Berzofsky, JA TI Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) adherence assay (CAA): A non-radioactive assay for murine CTL recognition of peptide-MHC class I complexes SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE cytotoxic T lymphocyte; cell adhesion; chromium release assay; peptide epitope; non-radioactive ID RELEASE-ASSAY; CYTO-TOXICITY; ACTIVATION; ADHESION; EPITOPE; PROTEIN AB Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) form an important immune surveillance system against intracellular pathogens. Here we describe a simple, visual assay for identifying peptides specifically recognized by CTL, based on the discovery that CTL develop increased adhesive properties upon TCR triggering. Several CTL lines were shown to pellet to the bottom of a round bottom 96-well plate in the absence of peptide. In contrast, these same CTL lines incubated with their cognate peptide, allowing them to present peptide to each other, adhered to the sides of the well and were readily distinguished by macroscopic visual examination of the plate after 4-5 h or overnight incubation. This CTL adherence assay (CAA) demonstrated peptide specificity and MHC restriction, and was titratable with peptide concentration. With this technique, a minimal-sized, malaria CTL epitope was correctly identified from a panel of overlapping nonamers, although the adherence pattern of two mono-substituted, variant peptides was less predictive of lytic activity. Also, substitutions in an HIV-1 envelope CTL epitope that reduced lytic activity were correctly predicted. Inhibitors of RNA and protein synthesis, upon preincubation, abrogated the adherence, indicating, at minimum, a need for live cells. Wortmannin, a PI-3 kinase inhibitor, inhibited the peptide specific adherence, consistent with a role for TCR or integrin signal transduction in CAA. Other cytoskeletal and metabolic inhibitors had no effect. Adherence of the T cells may involve low affinity, nonspecific interactions since wells coated with FCS, BSA or milk powder all produced an effective CAA in the presence of peptide under serum foe conditions. Consequently, CAA may represent a rapid, simple method for screening large numbers of peptides to find cytolytic epitopes for a given CTL line and may identify additional epitopes causing T cell activation and adherence but not cytolytic activity. C1 NCI,MOL IMMUNOGENET & VACCINE RES SECT,METAB BRANCH,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. USN,MED RES INST,MALARIA PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889. RI Leggatt, Graham/G-1924-2010; OI Leggatt, Graham/0000-0002-4078-5653 NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1759 J9 J IMMUNOL METHODS JI J. Immunol. Methods PD FEB 14 PY 1997 VL 201 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/S0022-1759(96)00203-7 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA WH620 UT WOS:A1997WH62000001 PM 9053406 ER PT J AU Bessel, CA Rolison, DR AF Bessel, CA Rolison, DR TI Topological redox isomers: Surface chemistry of zeolite-encapsulated Co(salen) and [Fe(bpy)(3)](2+) complexes SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID SCHIFF-BASE COMPLEXES; Y-MODIFIED ELECTRODES; SALEN COMPLEXES; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; OXIDATION; COBALT; OXYGEN; CATALYSTS; DIOXYGEN; MECHANOCHEMISTRY AB The electroactivity of zeolite-encapsulated redox-active transition metal complexes, {M(L)}Z, was explored for Co(salen) and [Fe(bpy)(3)](2+) formed in NaY zeolite (where salen = N,N'-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine and bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine). The zeolite boundary was characterized via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and cyclic voltammetry in nonaqueous electrolyte at either zeolite-modified electrodes (ZMEs) or a stirred microheterogeneous dispersion of the redox-modified zeolite. Voltammetric incongruities arising for {M(L)}Z studied as a ZME rather than as a dispersion are attributed to changes imposed on the redox-modified zeolite by the mechanical force used to prepare a ZME. an increase in the time in which a mixture of {[Fe(bpy)(3)](2+)}NaY and carbon are either ground or pressed produces improved peak resolution and an initial but short-lived increase in the magnitude of the voltammetric peak currents. Cyclic voltammetry of a stirred dispersion of {M(L)}Z particles at a large surface area electrode yields fewer complications attributable to the electrode binders, carbons, or mechanical handling necessary to prepare a zeolite-modified electrode. Unlike its response in a ZME, {Co(salen)}NaY gives stable voltammetry for hours when characterized in a microheterogeneous dispersion. Using terminology analogous to that established in the study of zeolite-associated photochemical probes, we reconcile the range of voltammetric responses observed for a given redox-modified zeolite, both in our results and those in the literature, as due to the type of topological redox isomer expressing the electroactivity. The voltammetry obtained with both ZMEs and heterogeneous dispersions of zeolite-encapsulated transition metal complexes provides evidence for electroactivity restricted to boundary-associated complexes. C1 USN, RES LAB, SURFACE CHEM BRANCH, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 69 TC 97 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD FEB 13 PY 1997 VL 101 IS 7 BP 1148 EP 1157 DI 10.1021/jp961716c PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA WL114 UT WOS:A1997WL11400009 ER PT J AU Moore, WJ Henry, RL AF Moore, WJ Henry, RL TI Acceptor assessment and the role of carbon in semi-insulating GaAs SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB A method for identifying and quantifying acceptor contamination in semi-insulating (SI) GaAs is described. The method has been applied to commercial SI GaAs and to NRL zone-refined ingots. Results indicate that carbon is not the only acceptor present in significant concentrations in typical SI GaAs. Zinc is present in essentially all samples and is the dominant shallow acceptor in a significant fraction of the commercial material studied. The method consists of moving the Fermi level to the ground stare of the shallowest acceptor present, usually carbon, by diffusing copper into the material. An infrared transmission measurement identifies the neutral accepters from their electronic 1s-2p intrasite excitation. The strength of the absorption is proportional to the neutral acceptor concentration. Sensitivities are greatest for shallow accepters where neutral acceptor concentrations as low as 5x10(12) cm(-3) can be identified and quantified. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. RP Moore, WJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 10 PY 1997 VL 70 IS 6 BP 738 EP 740 DI 10.1063/1.118265 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WG827 UT WOS:A1997WG82700022 ER PT J AU Greenhouse, MA Satyapal, S Woodward, CE Fischer, J Thompson, KL Forrest, WJ Pipher, JL Raines, N Smith, HA Watson, DM Rudy, RJ AF Greenhouse, MA Satyapal, S Woodward, CE Fischer, J Thompson, KL Forrest, WJ Pipher, JL Raines, N Smith, HA Watson, DM Rudy, RJ TI Infrared Fabry-Perot imaging of M82 [Fe II] emission .2. Tracing extragalactic supernova remnants SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies, individual (M82); galaxies, stellar content; galaxies, structure; infrared, galaxies; supernova remnants; techniques, interferometric ID STARBURST GALAXIES; MICRON EMISSION; RESOLUTION; RADIO; PHOTOMETRY; NUCLEUS; SEYFERT; RATES; M-82 AB We report high spatial and spectral resolution [Fe II] 1.644 mu m Fabry-Perot imaging observations of M82. We present extinction-corrected [Fe II] images and discuss the nature of compact [Fe II] emission regions revealed by these new data. We conclude that these [Fe II] sources trace a population of supernova remnants in M82 that are substantially older than those revealed previously on 6 cm radiographs. In addition, we find that M82 contains a distributed [Fe II] emission component that is extended along the southern minor axis and that accounts for 90% of the galaxy's [Fe II] luminosity. We interpret this extended emission as tracing disk material entrained in a super wind that has broken out of the galactic disk to the south. We find that the [Fe II]/Bry line ratio throughout M82 correlates with the age of the starburst as reflected by the color of the photospheric emission from the galaxy's stars. This correlation suggests that the [Fe II] emission regions in M82 are colocated with a post-main-sequence stellar population. The engineering details of our Fabry-Perot imaging methodology are also discussed. C1 UNIV ROCHESTER,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. UNIV WYOMING,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,LARAMIE,WY 82071. USN,RES LAB,REMOTE SENSING DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. UNIV TEXAS,DEPT ASTRON,AUSTIN,TX 78712. AEROSP CORP,LOS ANGELES,CA 90009. RP Greenhouse, MA (reprint author), SMITHSONIAN INST,NATL AIR & SPACE MUSEUM,ASTROPHYS LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 45 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 10 PY 1997 VL 476 IS 1 BP 105 EP & DI 10.1086/303599 PN 1 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WG534 UT WOS:A1997WG53400012 ER PT J AU Mor, G Singla, M Steinberg, AD Hoffman, SL Okuda, K Klinman, DM AF Mor, G Singla, M Steinberg, AD Hoffman, SL Okuda, K Klinman, DM TI Do DNA vaccines induce autoimmune disease? SO HUMAN GENE THERAPY LA English DT Article ID B-CELL ACTIVATION; SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; DIRECT GENE-TRANSFER; BACTERIAL-DNA; PLASMID DNA; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; NORMAL MICE; ANTIBODIES; IMMUNIZATION AB This report examines whether plasmid DNA vaccines induce the production of anti-DNA or anti-muscle cell autoantibodies. A three-fold increase in the number of B cells secreting immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-DNA autoantibodies was detected in BALB/c mice immunized and boosted with any of three DNA plasmids (p < 0.004). This correlated with a transient increase in serum anti-DNA autoantibody titers but was not associated with the development of glomerulonephritis or autoimmune disease. None of the DNA vaccines examined stimulated the production of anti-muscle cell autoantibodies or the development of myositis. The effect of DNA vaccines on the development of nascent autoimmunity in lupus-prone (NZB x NZW)F-1 mice was also examined. Repeated vaccination did not alter the onset or course of disease in these animals. These findings suggest that DNA vaccines neither initiate nor accelerate the development of systemic autoimmunity. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIRAL PROD,SECT RETROVIRAL IMMUNOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. MITRETEK SYST,MCLEAN,VA 22102. USN,MED RES INST,MALARIA PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889. YOKOHAMA CITY UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT BACTERIOL,YOKOHAMA,KANAGAWA 236,JAPAN. NR 42 TC 124 Z9 133 U1 1 U2 8 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 1043-0342 J9 HUM GENE THER JI Hum. Gene Ther. PD FEB 10 PY 1997 VL 8 IS 3 BP 293 EP 300 DI 10.1089/hum.1997.8.3-293 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA WH938 UT WOS:A1997WH93800006 PM 9048196 ER PT J AU Snow, AW Buckley, LJ AF Snow, AW Buckley, LJ TI Fluoromethylene cyanate ester resins. Synthesis, characterization, and fluoromethylene chain length effects SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID POLYIMIDES AB Fluoromethylene cyanate ester resins derived from the monomer series N=CO-CH2(CF2)(n)-CH2-OC=N (where n = 3, 4, 6, 8, and 10) have been synthesized and characterized. Monomer melting points range from -8 to 181 degrees C, and characterization includes H-1, C-13, and F-19-NMR and IR spectroscopy and DSC. Purification is a critical requirement for melt processing. The thermal curing reaction is a cyclotrimerization reaction of the cyanate functional group to the cyanurate heterocycle. Physical properties of resin castings and their variation with an increase in fluoromethylene sequence length from 3 to 10 CF2 units include density, 1.77-1.91 g/cm(3); critical surface tension; 40-23 dyn/cm; refractive index, 1.447-1.382; dielectric constant, 2.7-2.3; 100 degrees C immersion water absorption, 1.67-0.68%; T-g, 84-101 degrees C; glass/rubber thermal expansion coefficient, (109/238-152/275 ppm/degrees C; and gravimetric thermal stability, 0.0196-0.0064% weight loss/min at 300 degrees C). Compared with aromatic cyanate ester resins, the fluoromethylene cyanate esters have significantly lower T-g, dielectric constant, critical surface tension, and water absorption. For low-dielectric applications, the optimum trade-off between properties and processing occurs at a fluoromethylene chain length of 6. RP Snow, AW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 28 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD FEB 10 PY 1997 VL 30 IS 3 BP 394 EP 405 DI 10.1021/ma961182d PG 12 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA WH384 UT WOS:A1997WH38400010 ER PT J AU Efros, AL Rosen, M AF Efros, AL Rosen, M TI Random telegraph signal in the photoluminescence intensity of a single quantum dot SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR-DOPED GLASSES; NANOCRYSTALS; ABSORPTION; JUMPS AB We propose a model in which the time dependence of the photoluminescence intensity of a single nanosize quantum dot under cw excitation conditions shows a sequence of ''on'' and ''off'' periods similar to a random telegraph signal. In our model the off periods are the times when the dot is ionized and the luminescence is quenched by nonradiative Auger recombination. The duration of the on periods depends on the ionization rate of the dot via thermal or Auger autoionization, and depends strongly on excitation intensity. Numerical simulations reproduce the random intermittency recently observed in the photoluminescence intensity of a single CdSe quantum dot. RP Efros, AL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,NANOSTRUCT OPT SECT,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 17 TC 502 Z9 507 U1 8 U2 84 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 10 PY 1997 VL 78 IS 6 BP 1110 EP 1113 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.1110 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA WG888 UT WOS:A1997WG88800032 ER PT J AU Yang, Y Couchman, LS AF Yang, Y Couchman, LS TI Elastic theory of nucleosomal DNA SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CORE PARTICLE; HISTONE OCTAMER; RESOLUTION; STIFFNESS; CHROMATIN; SURFACE; ELEMENT; LINE AB In a nucleosome core particle, the DNA is modelled as an intrinsically straight, isotropic elastic rod which is wrapped around a cylindrical protein kernel of a finite height. A general equilibrium equation is derived for an isotropic inhomogeneous DNA, along which the stiffness varies according to the base sequence. The equation is then solved analytically in terms of the elliptic fractions and the elliptic integrals for two fundamental cases: (a) a homogeneous DNA with uniform stiffness along its chain is free of any external forces and moments except the uniform binding force on the surface, (b) a DNA, described in case (a), is subject to a number of concentrated bending moments at different binding sites where the DNA orientation is fixed at a specific direction. Rather strikingly, an equilibrium path found in both cases does not progressively wind around the cylindrical kernel like a helix; instead, it either tends toward the axis of the cylinder or oscillates and intersects itself within a finite region of the cylinder. When the binding energy density is greater than the largest possible elastic energy density, the least energy path can be selected from all the equilibrium solutions under the constraints of the finite height of the protein kernel and no self-intersection of the DNA. As a result, the path with the maximum length of no self-intersection on the finite surface has the lowest energy. In the application to the actual nucleosome core particle, the overall shape and total length of the least energy path on the protein surface calculated for case (a) fail to agree with the experimental observations; whereas, when two binding sites are introduced symmetrically about the middle point of the DNA, i.e. case (b), the theoretical predictions are close to those observed in the crystallographic experiments and the extensive enzyme digestion experiments. C1 USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RP Yang, Y (reprint author), SACHS FREEMAN ASSOCIATES INC, 1401 MCCORMICK DR, LANDOVER, MD 20785 USA. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-5021 EI 1471-2946 J9 P ROY SOC A-MATH PHY JI Proc. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD FEB 8 PY 1997 VL 453 IS 1957 BP 225 EP 254 PG 30 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA WJ210 UT WOS:A1997WJ21000001 ER PT J AU Spector, MS Schnur, JM AF Spector, MS Schnur, JM TI DNA ordering on a lipid membrane SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID TRANSFECTION RP Spector, MS (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 11 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 7 PY 1997 VL 275 IS 5301 BP 791 EP 792 DI 10.1126/science.275.5301.791 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA WG777 UT WOS:A1997WG77700046 PM 9036545 ER PT J AU Rolison, DR AF Rolison, DR TI Equity for women SO CHEMICAL & ENGINEERING NEWS LA English DT Letter RP Rolison, DR (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0009-2347 J9 CHEM ENG NEWS JI Chem. Eng. News PD FEB 3 PY 1997 VL 75 IS 5 BP 6 EP 6 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA WF697 UT WOS:A1997WF69700002 ER PT J AU Yang, SH Drabold, DA Adams, JB Ordejon, P Glassford, K AF Yang, SH Drabold, DA Adams, JB Ordejon, P Glassford, K TI Density functional studies of small platinum clusters SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Letter ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; METAL-CLUSTERS; MODEL; PT2; TRANSITION; GAS; AL AB We present results of a density functional theory study of the structure and energetics of small Pt clusters. The method of calculation is based on the non-selfconsistent Harris functional version of LDA (as formulated by Sankey and Niklewski, and generalized to include d orbitals in the basis set), which produces excellent results for bulk Pt. We used a dynamical quenching algorithm to obtain minimum-energy structures of Pt-n clusters for n = 2-6. The clusters with n = 4-6 are shown to be planar. For Pt-13 we found that there is a variety of low-symmetry geometries that are lower in energy than the icosahedral and cube-octahedral structures. We also compute the vibrational states of n = 2-4, and show that the calculated vibrational frequency and bond energy of the Pt dimer are in good agreement with experiments. C1 OHIO UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, ATHENS, OH 45701 USA. UNIV OVIEDO, DEPT FIS, E-33007 OVIEDO, SPAIN. UNIV ILLINOIS, DEPT PHYS, URBANA, IL 61801 USA. ARIZONA STATE UNIV, DEPT CHEM BIO & MAT, TEMPE, AZ 85287 USA. RP USN, RES LAB, COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RI Ordejon, Pablo/D-3091-2014; OI Ordejon, Pablo/0000-0002-2353-2793; Drabold, David/0000-0001-5344-5837 NR 25 TC 79 Z9 81 U1 1 U2 16 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD FEB 3 PY 1997 VL 9 IS 5 BP L39 EP L45 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/9/5/002 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WJ028 UT WOS:A1997WJ02800002 ER PT J AU Abe, K Akagi, T Anthony, PL Antonov, R Arnold, RG Averett, T Band, HR Bauer, JM Borel, H Bosted, PE Breton, V ButtonShafer, J Chen, JP Chupp, TE Clendenin, J Comptour, C Coulter, KP Court, G Crabb, D Daoudi, M Day, D Dietrich, FS Dunne, J Dutz, H Erbacher, R Fellbaum, J Feltham, A Fonvieille, H Frlez, E Garvey, D Gearhart, R Gomez, J Grenier, P Griffioen, KA Hoibraten, S Hughes, EW HydeWright, CE Johnson, JR Kawall, D Klein, A Kuhn, SE Kuriki, M Lindgren, R Liu, TJ LombardNelsen, RM Marroncle, J Maruyama, T Maruyama, XK McCarthy, J Meyer, W Meziani, ZE Minehart, R Mitchell, J Morgenstern, J Petratos, GG Pitthan, R Pocanic, D Prescott, C Prepost, R Raines, P Raue, BA Reyna, D Rijllart, A Roblin, Y Rochester, LS Rock, SE Rondon, OA Sick, I Smith, LC Smith, TB Spengos, M Staley, F Steiner, P StLorant, S Stuart, LM Suekane, F Szalata, ZM Tang, H Terrien, Y Usher, T Walz, D Wesselmann, F White, JL Witte, K Young, CC Youngman, B Yuta, H Zapalac, G Zihlmann, B Zimmelmann, D AF Abe, K Akagi, T Anthony, PL Antonov, R Arnold, RG Averett, T Band, HR Bauer, JM Borel, H Bosted, PE Breton, V ButtonShafer, J Chen, JP Chupp, TE Clendenin, J Comptour, C Coulter, KP Court, G Crabb, D Daoudi, M Day, D Dietrich, FS Dunne, J Dutz, H Erbacher, R Fellbaum, J Feltham, A Fonvieille, H Frlez, E Garvey, D Gearhart, R Gomez, J Grenier, P Griffioen, KA Hoibraten, S Hughes, EW HydeWright, CE Johnson, JR Kawall, D Klein, A Kuhn, SE Kuriki, M Lindgren, R Liu, TJ LombardNelsen, RM Marroncle, J Maruyama, T Maruyama, XK McCarthy, J Meyer, W Meziani, ZE Minehart, R Mitchell, J Morgenstern, J Petratos, GG Pitthan, R Pocanic, D Prescott, C Prepost, R Raines, P Raue, BA Reyna, D Rijllart, A Roblin, Y Rochester, LS Rock, SE Rondon, OA Sick, I Smith, LC Smith, TB Spengos, M Staley, F Steiner, P StLorant, S Stuart, LM Suekane, F Szalata, ZM Tang, H Terrien, Y Usher, T Walz, D Wesselmann, F White, JL Witte, K Young, CC Youngman, B Yuta, H Zapalac, G Zihlmann, B Zimmelmann, D TI Measurement of the proton and deuteron spin structure function g(1) in the resonance region SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; STRUCTURE-FUNCTION G1(X); SUM-RULE; PRECISION-MEASUREMENT; POLARIZED PROTONS; ASYMMETRY; Q(2)-DEPENDENCE; EVOLUTION AB We have measured the proton and deuteron spin structure functions g(1)(p) and g(1)(d) in the region of the nucleon resonances for W-2 < 5 GeV2 and Q(2) similar or equal to 0.5 and Q(2) similar or equal to 1.2 GeV2 by inelastically scattering 9.7 GeV polarized electrons off polarized (NH3)-N-15 and (ND3)-N-15 targets. We observe significant structure in g(1)(p) in the resonance region. We have used the present results, together with the deep-inelastic data at higher W-2, to extract Gamma(Q(2)) equivalent to integral(0)(1) g(1)(x,Q(2))dx. This is the first information on the low-Q(2) evolution of Gamma toward the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn limit at Q(2) = 0. C1 UNIV BASEL,INST PHYS,CH-4056 BASEL,SWITZERLAND. UNIV CLERMONT FERRAND,CNRS,LPC,IN2P3,F-63170 CLERMONT FERRAN,FRANCE. TJNAF,NEWPORT NEWS,VA 23606. CTR ETUD SACLAY,DAPNIA,SERV PHYS NUCL,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,AMHERST,MA 01003. UNIV MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA 93943. OLD DOMINION UNIV,NORFOLK,VA 23529. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD,CA 94309. TEMPLE UNIV,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19122. TOHOKU UNIV,SENDAI,MIYAGI 980,JAPAN. UNIV VIRGINIA,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22901. COLL WILLIAM & MARY,WILLIAMSBURG,VA 23187. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV LIVERPOOL,OLIVER LODGE LAB,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,MERSEYSIDE,ENGLAND. UNIV BONN,D-5113 BONN,GERMANY. FFIYM,N-2007 KJELLER,NORWAY. FLORIDA INT UNIV,MIAMI,FL 33199. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. RP Abe, K (reprint author), AMERICAN UNIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20016, USA. RI Averett, Todd/A-2969-2011; Rondon Aramayo, Oscar/B-5880-2013; Frlez, Emil/B-6487-2013; Day, Donal/C-5020-2015; OI Day, Donal/0000-0001-7126-8934; Wesselmann, Frank/0000-0001-7834-7977 NR 33 TC 85 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 3 PY 1997 VL 78 IS 5 BP 815 EP 819 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.815 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA WG702 UT WOS:A1997WG70200016 ER PT J AU Jaime, M Hardner, HT Salamon, MB Rubinstein, M Dorsey, P Emin, D AF Jaime, M Hardner, HT Salamon, MB Rubinstein, M Dorsey, P Emin, D TI Hall-effect sign anomaly and small-polaron conduction in (La1-xGdx)(0.67)Ca0.33MnO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The Hall coefficient of Gd-doped La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 exhibits Arrhenius behavior over a temperature range from 2T(c) to 4T(c), with an activation energy very close to 2/3 that of the electrical conductivity. Although both the doping level and thermoelectric coefficient indicate holelike conduction, the Hall coefficient is electronlike. This unusual result provides strong evidence in favor of small-polaronic conduction in the paramagnetic regime of the manganites. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,MAT RES LAB,URBANA,IL 61801. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR MAT SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP Jaime, M (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,1110 W GREEN ST,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. RI Jaime, Marcelo/F-3791-2015 OI Jaime, Marcelo/0000-0001-5360-5220 NR 17 TC 240 Z9 245 U1 4 U2 22 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 3 PY 1997 VL 78 IS 5 BP 951 EP 954 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.951 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA WG702 UT WOS:A1997WG70200050 ER PT J AU Kostoff, RN AF Kostoff, RN TI Peer review SO SCIENTIST LA English DT Letter RP Kostoff, RN (reprint author), OFF NAVAL RES, 800 N QUINCY ST, ARLINGTON, VA 22217 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCIENTIST INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 MARKET ST SUITE 450, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 SN 0890-3670 J9 SCIENTIST JI Scientist PD FEB 3 PY 1997 VL 11 IS 3 BP 12 EP 12 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Information Science & Library Science; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA WF206 UT WOS:A1997WF20600008 ER PT J AU Stephens, MB AF Stephens, MB TI Deep venous thrombosis of the upper extremity SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article ID SUBCLAVIAN VEIN-THROMBOSIS; COMPLICATIONS; CATHETERS; AXILLARY AB Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of the upper extremity is a relatively uncommon but important cause of morbidity, especially in young active persons. The causes of upper extremity DVT may be categorized as catheter-related, spontaneous (effort-related) and miscellaneous (e.g., trauma, intravenous drug use). Diagnosis is based on clinical history and confirmed by either duplex ultrasonography or contrast venography. Significant controversy surrounds the optimal management of upper extremity DVT Treatment options include conservative therapy, anticoagulation, catheter-directed thrombolysis and surgical intervention to remove intravascular clot or revise the anatomy of the costoclavicular space. Early aggressive treatment of active young patients may decrease long-term morbidity. C1 USN HOSP,BREMERTON,WA. RI Stephens, Mark/A-2679-2015 NR 24 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD FEB 1 PY 1997 VL 55 IS 2 BP 533 EP 539 PG 7 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WG817 UT WOS:A1997WG81700022 PM 9054222 ER PT J AU Diefenderfer, KE Reinhardt, JW Brown, SB AF Diefenderfer, KE Reinhardt, JW Brown, SB TI Surface treatment effects on amalgam repair strength SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID BOND STRENGTH; MERCURY; RESIN AB Purpose: To determine whether the use of microetching and bonding agents could improve the shear bond strength between aged and freshly added dental amalgam, simulating an amalgam repair. Materials and Methods: Aged amalgam surfaces were treated with either a carbide bur or carbide bur + microetcher (Al2O3 abrasive). Five commercially-available adhesive systems were tested. Fresh amalgam was condensed through a split mold onto each prepared amalgam surface. Two control groups were included: a positive control consisting of non-repaired amalgam, and a negative control consisting of aged specimens which received neither carbide bur nor microetching preparation prior to the addition of fresh amalgam. In addition, one group received only carbide bur and another received only carbide bur and microetching treatments, without any adhesive. Following storage and thermocycling, each specimen was tested for shear bond strength. Results: The mean shear bond strength of the repaired samples treated with carbide bur alone (25.8 MPa) was not exceeded by any of the other treatments. Neither microetching nor use of an adhesive agent significantly improved amalgam-to-amalgam shear bond strength. In some cases, use of an adhesive agent significantly decreased the shear bond strength of repaired amalgam samples. RP Diefenderfer, KE (reprint author), USN,NATL DENT CTR,INST DENT RES,DETACHMENT BETHESDA,8901 WISCONSIN AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 22 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSHER & LINDER, INC PI SAN ANTONIO PA 9859 IH-10 WEST, SUITE 107/489, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78230-2236 SN 0894-8275 J9 AM J DENT JI Am. J. Dent. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 10 IS 1 BP 9 EP 14 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA WR883 UT WOS:A1997WR88300003 PM 9545913 ER PT J AU Cross, ER AF Cross, ER TI Untitled SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Letter RP Cross, ER (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 56 IS 2 BP 117 EP 117 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA WP436 UT WOS:A1997WP43600002 ER PT J AU Jones, TR McElroy, PD Oster, CN Beier, JC Oloo, AJ Onyango, FK Chumo, DK Sherwood, JA Hoffman, SL AF Jones, TR McElroy, PD Oster, CN Beier, JC Oloo, AJ Onyango, FK Chumo, DK Sherwood, JA Hoffman, SL TI Plasmodium falciparum gametocytemia in Kenyan children: Associations among age, intensity of exposure to transmission, and prevalence and density of subsequent gametocytemia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID MALARIA AB Recently, an association was described between the density of Plasmodium falciparum asexual parasitemia in Kenyan children and the entomologic inoculation rate (EIR) measured prior to measurement of asexual parasitemia. This study examined whether transmission pressure, as represented by the EIR, was associated with the prevalence or density of gametocytemia in Kenyan children. Each month for 19 months, a cohort of approximately 50 children was given a radical cure and enrolled in the study. Blood films were taken on days 0, 7, and 14. The EIR was calculated for the 28-day period ending 14 days prior to enrollment: the relationship between blood film data from day 7 and exposure variables was explored. We found that younger children were more likely to be gametocytemic than older children and, if gametocytemic, were mon likely to have a dense gametocytemia. There was an inverse relationship between the number of infective bites per night received and prevalence but not density of gametocytemia, even after age adjustment. Concordance of gametocytemia prevalence on days 0 (64%), 7 (66%), and 14 (52%) was poor; 84% of the children were positive on at least one day. This indicates that in many subjects the detectable gametocytemia varied over the 14 days. Under these holoendemic transmission conditions, the EIR is inversely correlated with prevalence of gametocytemia, and point measurements of gametocytemia by conventional microscopy underestimate the number of infective donor hosts. C1 USN,MED RES INST,MALARIA PROGRAM,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT EPIDEMIOL,SCH PUBL HLTH,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. TULANE UNIV,SCH MED,SCH PUBL HLTH & TROP MED,DEPT TROP MED,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70112. USA,MED RES UNIT,NAIROBI,KENYA. KENYA GOVT MED RES CTR,VECTOR BIOL & CONTROL RES CTR,KISUMU,KENYA. USA,MED RES UNIT,KISUMU,KENYA. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 56 IS 2 BP 133 EP 136 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA WP436 UT WOS:A1997WP43600005 PM 9080869 ER PT J AU Fryauff, DJ Baird, JK Purnomo Awalludin, M Jones, T Subianto, B Richie, TL Tjitra, E Wignall, FS Hoffman, SL AF Fryauff, DJ Baird, JK Purnomo Awalludin, M Jones, T Subianto, B Richie, TL Tjitra, E Wignall, FS Hoffman, SL TI Malaria in a nonimmune population after extended chloroquine or primaquine prophylaxis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID CELL RABIES VACCINE; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; PLASMODIUM-VIVAX AB Extended chemoprophylaxis against endemic malaria raises concern with regard to susceptibility after ceasing use of the drug. In this study, we measured attack rates of malaria among adult men for 28 weeks after they ended one year of prophylaxis using either weekly chloroquine (5 mg base/kg, n = 20), daily primaquine (0.5 mg base/kg, n = 30), or a placebo of primaquine (n = 41). The 28-week incidence densities, times to parasitemia, parasite densities, and symptoms of primary post-prophylaxis infections were not significantly different among the former primaquine, chloroquine, and placebo groups. However, the incidence of Plasmodium falciparum infection in the post-chloroquine group was significantly greater than in the post-primaquine group during the first (P = 0.03) and second (P = 0.02) months post-prophylaxis. Six of 10 primary P. falciparum and three of 10 P. vivax infections occurred in the former chloroquine group within one month after ending prophylaxis and the mean time to infection was 30-35 days. In contrast, only one P. falciparum and no P. vivax infections occurred during the first month after ending primaquine prophylaxis. The mean time to first parasitemia by either species of malaria parasite in this group was 72-77 days. There was no indication that daily use of primaquine for one year placed subjects at greater risk of malaria infection or to more severe clinical symptoms of malaria than subjects who had taken placebo or chloroquine, despite the potential for some degree of immunity to have been acquired in these latter two groups during the yearlong prophylaxis period. The results do suggest that chloroquine suppressed P. falciparum infections until drug levels decreased, and that primaquine had effectively prevented the establishment of liver-stage parasites. C1 PROV HLTH SERV,IRIAN JAYA,INDONESIA. NATL INST HLTH RES & DEV,INFECT DIS RES CTR,JAKARTA,INDONESIA. USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD. USN,MED RES UNIT 2,JAKARTA,INDONESIA. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 56 IS 2 BP 137 EP 140 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA WP436 UT WOS:A1997WP43600006 PM 9080870 ER PT J AU Watts, DM Phillips, I Callahan, JD Griebenow, W Hyams, KC Hayes, CG AF Watts, DM Phillips, I Callahan, JD Griebenow, W Hyams, KC Hayes, CG TI Oropouche virus transmission in the Amazon River basin of Peru SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article AB Seroepidemiologic studies were conducted to determine the prevalence of Oropouche (ORO) viral antibody, risk factors, and the incidence of infection among residents of the Amazon region of Peru. Blood samples, as well as demographic, cultural, and medical history data, were collected from residents in a sector of the city of Iquitos and in an adjacent rural and three neotropical rain forest communities. Blood specimens were obtained approximately one year later from a cohort of the same study subjects who were negative for ORO antibody on the initial cross-sectional survey. Sera were tested for ORO IgG antibody by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Antibody prevalences were 35% for residents of the urban population, 24-46% for the forest communities, and 18% for the rural community. Antibody prevalence increased with age, and subjects who were seropositive were significantly (P = 0.001) older (mean = 33 years) than the seronegative subjects (mean = 15 years). Multivariate analysis revealed that only age, urban and forest residence, and occupation as a farmer or housekeeper remained significantly associated with seropositivity. Seroconversion data for the same populations one year later demonstrated evidence of ORO viral infection among 28% of the residents in the rural community and 2% or less in the forest and urban communities. Oropouche virus infection was significantly associated with older age (P = 0.04) in the rural community (P < 0.001). These data support prior evidence of ORO viral infection among residents of Iquitos and surrounding villages and suggest that transmission of this virus occurs continuously in the population of this area of the Amazon basin. C1 USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD 20899. RP Watts, DM (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST DETACHMENT,LIMA,PERU. NR 14 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 56 IS 2 BP 148 EP 152 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA WP436 UT WOS:A1997WP43600008 PM 9080872 ER PT J AU Meyer, GA Seltzer, M AF Meyer, GA Seltzer, M TI Continuous ICP measurement of hazardous metals in stack gas emissions SO AMERICAN LABORATORY LA English DT Article AB ICP technology can be used successfully for the continuous measurement of toxic metals in stack gases from incinerators, cement, and other lightweight aggregate kilns and in the metal processing industry. C1 USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,RES & TECHNOL GRP,CHINA LAKE,CA 93556. RP Meyer, GA (reprint author), THERMO JARRELL ASH CORP,FRANKLIN,MA 02038, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SCIENTIFIC COMMUN INC PI SHELTON PA PO BOX 870, 30 CONTROLS DRIVE, SHELTON, CT 06484-0870 SN 0044-7749 J9 AM LAB JI Am. Lab. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 29 IS 4 BP L34 EP & PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA WL062 UT WOS:A1997WL06200011 ER PT J AU Cogar, WB AF Cogar, WB TI Intravenous lidocaine as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of decompression illness SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AIR-EMBOLISM; OXYGEN AB Two cases of severe decompression illness far which IV lidocaine was used as adjunctive therapy to recompression and hyperbaric oxygen therapy are described. The first patient demonstrated improvement only after lidocaine was added to her treatment; the second had essentially complete recovery after only a single treatment despite severe symptoms and a significant delay in presentation. These cases support the need for a controlled clinical trial of lidocaine as an adjunct to hyperbaric therapy in decompression illness. C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT EMERGENCY MED,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. NR 13 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 29 IS 2 BP 284 EP 286 DI 10.1016/S0196-0644(97)70282-8 PG 3 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA WE651 UT WOS:A1997WE65100015 PM 9018196 ER PT J AU Osterman, SN Rottman, GJ Hassler, DM McClintock, WE Lawrence, GM AF Osterman, SN Rottman, GJ Hassler, DM McClintock, WE Lawrence, GM TI Comparison of the imaging characteristics of curved-channel and straight-channel microchannel plates SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE microchannel plate; ultraviolet; spatial fidelity; spatial linearity ID DETECTORS; LINES; FIELD; LIMB AB We have measured and compared the spatial fidelity of two types of microchannel plates over roughly half of their active area. Measurements of the spatial fidelity of curved-channel microchannel plates confirm earlier reports of large (>25 mu m), irregular position offsets between the front and the back of the microchannel plates. Straight-pore microchannel plates used in a chevron configuration, on the other hand, showed almost no such position offsets (<4 mu m). (C) 1997 Optical Society of America C1 NATL CTR ATMOSPHER RES,HIGH ALTITUDE OBSERV,BOULDER,CO 80301. UNIV COLORADO,ATMOSPHER & SPACE PHYS LAB,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP Osterman, SN (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD FEB 1 PY 1997 VL 36 IS 4 BP 753 EP 759 DI 10.1364/AO.36.000753 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA WF061 UT WOS:A1997WF06100001 PM 18250734 ER PT J AU Anderson, GW Kub, FJ Carruthers, TF Papanicolaou, NA Frankel, MY Katzer, DS Modolo, JA Tseng, WF AF Anderson, GW Kub, FJ Carruthers, TF Papanicolaou, NA Frankel, MY Katzer, DS Modolo, JA Tseng, WF TI Planar, Al0.3Ga0.7As-passivated-base, heterojunction bipolar phototransistors SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE heterojunction phototransistors; photodetectors; photodetector arrays; optical processing; optoelectronics; GaAs/AlGaAs materials systems AB New planar GaAs heterojunction bipolar phototransistors have been designed and demonstrated. The devices use a GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As molecular-beam-epitaxy materials system with an Al0.3Ga0.7As passivated, 10-nm-thick base; a depleted, high-low emitter; and a low emitter-base capacitance. Electrical contact to the emitter is made by a set of parallel, ohmic fingers and to the collector by an ohmic contact formed in a large, approximate to 1.48-mu m deep via. Rise times in response to impulse optical excitation at 810 nm were 747-891 ps except at the two lowest optical excitation powers measured. Photocurrent gains measured at 810 and 850 nm were 0.67-19, depending on experimental conditions. These devices are promising for use in heterodyne photodetector arrays for coherent optical processing channelizers requiring a 100-MHz bandwidth. C1 NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP Anderson, GW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Katzer, D. Scott/N-7841-2013 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD FEB 1 PY 1997 VL 36 IS 4 BP 760 EP 764 DI 10.1364/AO.36.000760 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA WF061 UT WOS:A1997WF06100002 PM 18250735 ER PT J AU Jensen, KL MukhopadhyayPhillips, P Zaidman, EG Nguyen, K Kodis, MA Malsawma, L Hor, C AF Jensen, KL MukhopadhyayPhillips, P Zaidman, EG Nguyen, K Kodis, MA Malsawma, L Hor, C TI Electron emission from a single spindt-type field emitter: Comparison of theory with experiment SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Proceedings of the International Vacuum Electron Sources Conference(IVESC'96) CY JUL 01-04, 1996 CL EINDHOVEN, NETHERLANDS SP Eindhoven Univ Technol, Philips Display Components, Philips Res, Naval Res Lab, Balzers Pfeiffer Gmbh, NASA, Roy Neth Acad Sci, KNAW, Municipality Eindhoven, Semicon Assoc, Neth Vacuum Soc, NEVAC, Fdn Fundam Res Matter, FOM, Elsevier Sci Inc, Spectra-Mat Inc, Vacuum Microelectronics 158 ID DISPLAYS; DEVICES AB A simple analytic model of the electron emission from a single tip field emitter is correlated with experimental measurements made on a single Spindt-type molybdenum field emitter using a nanofabricated anode whose position from the emitter was determined using laser interferometry. It is shown how the model may be extended to find the trajectories needed for particle simulations. Methods used to correlate theory with experiment are explained, and the dependence of the beam profile on tip sharpness, gate diameter, anode distance, and tip work function are examined. A simple analysis of the effects of space charge on field emission is presented and correlated with experimental data, Analysis has shown that the rms spread angle is approximately 20 degrees. C1 SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,MCLEAN,VA 22102. KN RES,SILVER SPRING,MD. DYNCORP,ROCKVILLE,MD. RP Jensen, KL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV ELECT SCI & TECHNOL,CODE 6840,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Jensen, Kevin/I-1269-2015 OI Jensen, Kevin/0000-0001-8644-1680 NR 24 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 111 BP 204 EP 212 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(96)00726-X PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA WN690 UT WOS:A1997WN69000035 ER PT J AU Shih, A Yater, J Hor, C Abrams, R AF Shih, A Yater, J Hor, C Abrams, R TI Secondary electron emission studies SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Proceedings of the International Vacuum Electron Sources Conference(IVESC'96) CY JUL 01-04, 1996 CL EINDHOVEN, NETHERLANDS SP Eindhoven Univ Technol, Philips Display Components, Philips Res, Naval Res Lab, Balzers Pfeiffer Gmbh, NASA, Roy Neth Acad Sci, KNAW, Municipality Eindhoven, Semicon Assoc, Neth Vacuum Soc, NEVAC, Fdn Fundam Res Matter, FOM, Elsevier Sci Inc, Spectra-Mat Inc, Vacuum Microelectronics 158 ID AGE-DIFFUSION MODEL; DIAMOND FILMS; TRANSPORT; CATHODES; HYDROGEN; SOLIDS AB Secondary-electron-emission processes under electron bombardment play an important role in the performance of a variety of electron devices. While in some devices, the anode and the grid require materials that suppress the secondary-electron-generation process, the crossed-field amplifier (CFA) is an example where the cathode requires an efficient secondary-electron-emission material. Secondary-electron-emission processes will be discussed by a three-step process. penetration of the primary electrons, transmission of the secondary electrons through the material, and final escape of the secondary electrons over the vacuum barrier. The transmission of the secondary electrons is one of the critical factors in determining the magnitude of the secondary-electron yield. The wide band-gap in an insulator prevents low-energy secondary electrons from losing energy through electron-electron collisions, thereby resulting in a large escape depth for the secondary electrons and a large secondary-electron yield. In general, insulating materials have high secondary-electron yields, but a provision to supply some level of electrical conductivity is necessary in order to replenish the electrons lost in the secondary-electron-emission process. Our secondary-emission study of diamond demonstrates that the vacuum barrier height can have a strong effect on the total yield. The combined effect of a large escape depth of the secondary electrons and a low vacuum-barrier height is responsible for the extraordinarily high secondary-electron yields observed on hydrogen-terminated diamond samples. RP Shih, A (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 22 TC 88 Z9 94 U1 4 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 111 BP 251 EP 258 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(96)00729-5 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA WN690 UT WOS:A1997WN69000044 ER PT J AU Wu, C Chen, LG Sun, FR AF Wu, C Chen, LG Sun, FR TI Optimization of solar absorption refrigerator SO APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE absorption cycle; refrigerator; solar energy; optimization procedure ID PERFORMANCE AB A solar refrigerator is made of a solar collector and a refrigeration system. Real solar refrigerators usually operate between two limits, maximum COP (coefficient of performance) and maximum cooling load. The relationships between the solar collector temperature, COP and cooling load are derived in this paper. The optimum collector temperatures under the conditions of either maximum COP or maximum cooling load are found. The results provide a theoretical base for designing real solar refrigeration systems. C1 NAVAL ACAD ENGN,FAC 306,WUHAN 430033,PEOPLES R CHINA. RP Wu, C (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT ENGN MECH,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 11 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1359-4311 J9 APPL THERM ENG JI Appl. Therm. Eng. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 17 IS 2 BP 203 EP 208 DI 10.1016/S1359-4311(96)00004-X PG 6 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Mechanics GA VY204 UT WOS:A1997VY20400008 ER PT J AU Aha, DW AF Aha, DW TI Lazy learning SO ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE REVIEW LA English DT Editorial Material ID ALGORITHMS RP Aha, DW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CTR APPL RES ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 15 TC 103 Z9 107 U1 3 U2 7 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0269-2821 J9 ARTIF INTELL REV JI Artif. Intell. Rev. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 11 IS 1-5 BP 7 EP 10 DI 10.1023/A:1006538427943 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA XE777 UT WOS:A1997XE77700001 ER PT J AU Wettschereck, D Aha, DW Mohri, T AF Wettschereck, D Aha, DW Mohri, T TI A review and empirical evaluation of feature weighting methods for a class of lazy learning algorithms SO ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE REVIEW LA English DT Review DE lazy learning; k-nearest neighbor; feature weights; comparison ID NEAREST-NEIGHBOR; CLASSIFICATION; SIMILARITY; KNOWLEDGE; NETWORK AB Many lazy learning algorithms are derivatives of the k-nearest neighbor (Ic-NN) classifier, which uses a distance function to generate predictions from stored instances. Several studies have shown that K-NN's performance is highly sensitive to the definition of its distance function. Many K-NN variants have been proposed to reduce this sensitivity by parameterizing the distance function with feature weights. However, these variants have not been categorized nor empirically compared. This paper reviews a class of weight-setting methods for lazy learning algorithms. We introduce a framework for distinguishing these methods and empirically compare them. We observed four trends from our experiments and conducted further studies to highlight them. Our results suggest that methods which use performance feedback to assign weight settings demonstrated three advantages over other methods: they require less pre-processing, perform better in the presence of interacting features, and generally require less training data to learn good settings. We also found that continuous weighting methods tend to outperform feature selection algorithms for tasks where some features are useful but less important than others. C1 USN, RES LAB, CTR APPL RES ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. UNIV TOKYO, DEPT ELECT ENGN, HIDEHIKO TANAKA LAB, BUNKYO KU, TOKYO 113, JAPAN. RP Wettschereck, D (reprint author), GMD, GERMAN NATL RES CTR INFORMAT TECHNOL, SCHLOZZ BIRLINGHOVEN, D-53754 ST AUGUSTIN, GERMANY. NR 104 TC 313 Z9 320 U1 0 U2 29 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0269-2821 J9 ARTIF INTELL REV JI Artif. Intell. Rev. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 11 IS 1-5 BP 273 EP 314 DI 10.1023/A:1006593614256 PG 42 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA XE777 UT WOS:A1997XE77700011 ER PT J AU Magnus, RH AF Magnus, RH TI Afghanistan in 1996 - Year of the Taliban SO ASIAN SURVEY LA English DT Article RP Magnus, RH (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT NATL SECUR,MONTEREY,CA 93940, USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIF PRESS PI BERKELEY PA JOURNALS DEPT 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 SN 0004-4687 J9 ASIAN SURV JI Asian Surv. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 37 IS 2 BP 111 EP 117 DI 10.1525/as.1997.37.2.01p0209h PG 7 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA WR905 UT WOS:A1997WR90500001 ER PT J AU Harris, WE Phelps, RL Madore, BF Pevunova, O Skiff, BA Crute, C Wilson, B Archinal, BA AF Harris, WE Phelps, RL Madore, BF Pevunova, O Skiff, BA Crute, C Wilson, B Archinal, BA TI IC 1257: A new globular cluster in the Galactic halo SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID GALAXIES; LYNGA-7; STARS; AGES AB New CCD photometry of the faint, compact star cluster IC 1257 (l = 17 degrees, b = +15 degrees), obtained with the Palomar 5 m telescope,(1) reveals that it is a highly reddened globular cluster well beyond the Galactic center. With an apparent distance modulus (m - M)(V) = 19.2 and a foreground reddening E(B - V) = 0.75, it is 24 kpc from the Sun and similar to 16 kpc beyond the Galactic center. The morphology of its color-magnitude diagram is similar to that of M13, and suggests that it has moderately low metallicity ([Fe/H] similar or equal to -1.7). (C) 1997 American Astronomical Society. C1 OBSERV CARNEGIE INST WASHINGTON,PASADENA,CA 91101. CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,NASA,IPAC EXTRAGALACT DATABASE,PASADENA,CA 91125. CALTECH,CTR INFRARED PROC & ANAL,PASADENA,CA 91125. LOWELL OBSERV,FLAGSTAFF,AZ 86001. LOS ANGELES ASTRON SOC & WESTERN OBSERV,LOS ANGELES,CA. HOUSTON MUSEUM NAT SCI,GEORGE OBSERV,HOUSTON,TX. HOUSTON ASTRON SOC,HOUSTON,TX. USN OBSERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20392. RP Harris, WE (reprint author), MCMASTER UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,HAMILTON,ON L8S 4M1,CANADA. NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 113 IS 2 BP 688 EP 691 DI 10.1086/118287 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WE934 UT WOS:A1997WE93400020 ER PT J AU Robertson, JW Honeycutt, RK Pier, JR AF Robertson, JW Honeycutt, RK Pier, JR TI High-state/low-state behavior in the long-term light curve of V Sagittae SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES; PHOTOMETRY; PERIOD AB The 1990-1995 light curve of V Sagittae is shown to have brightness transitions lasting several days which separate extended intervals lasting months in a bright or faint state. These transitions recur with semi-regularity at a characteristic period of similar to 240 days. Primary and secondary eclipses are conspicuous in the faint state, but are weaker when the system is bright. Our high-state spectra through primary eclipse show no obvious evidence for the rotational disturbance expected from an accretion disk. (C) 1997 American Astronomical Society. C1 USN OBSERV, FLAGSTAFF, AZ 86002 USA. RP Robertson, JW (reprint author), INDIANA UNIV, DEPT ASTRON, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47405 USA. NR 19 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 113 IS 2 BP 787 EP 791 DI 10.1086/118299 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WE934 UT WOS:A1997WE93400032 ER PT J AU Tieftrunk, AR Gaume, RA Claussen, MJ Wilson, TL Johnston, KJ AF Tieftrunk, AR Gaume, RA Claussen, MJ Wilson, TL Johnston, KJ TI The H II molecular cloud complex W3 revisited: Imaging the radio continuum sources using multi-configuration, multi-frequency observations with the VLA SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ISM, H II regions; ISM, clouds; ISM, individual W3; ISM, kinematics and dynamics; radio lines, ISM; stars, formation ID RECOMBINATION LINE OBSERVATIONS; FAR-INFRARED OBSERVATIONS; STAR-FORMING REGION; SUBMILLIMETER OBSERVATIONS; INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; MASER OBSERVATIONS; SPECTRAL-LINE; EMISSION; CORE; PHOTOEVAPORATION AB The H II/molecular cloud complex W3 has been imaged at 4.9 GHz, 14.9 GHz and 22.5 GHz in the radio continuum and the H66 alpha radio recombination line with subarcsecond angular resolution using combined multiple VLA configurations. Several hypercompact continuum sources with diameters less than or equal to 1000 AU have been detected toward IRS 4 and IRS 5, reminiscent of the ''Orion Radio Zoo''. They have been imaged with a maximum angular resolution of 0.'' 1. From the flux densities at 1.3 cm, 2 cm and 6 cm we determine their spectral indices. The compact and ultracompact H II regions with diameters < 20, 000 AU exhibit spectral indices alpha in the range -0.1 to < 1.5. The gradients in spectral indices across these regions correspond to asymmetries in their radio continuum intensities as well as gradients in the densities of the surrounding molecular gas. This indicates gradients in the electron density. From a direct comparison of the continuum emission of the ionized hydrogen gas with the emission of the dense molecular gas and dust continuum, we refine the analyses of the interaction of the radio components with the molecular gas. From our H66 alpha recombination line data we compare the radial velocities of the H II regions with those found for the molecular gas toward W3. We find linewidth and velocity gradients in the ionized gas which are indicative of expansion and turbulent flows caused by pressure gradients in the ambient neutral gas. We propose that the observed morphologies of compact and ultracompact H II regions are determined by turbulent expansion of the ionized gas into highly anisotropic and clumpy molecular gas. Thus, we believe there can be no definite prediction for the morphologies observed in HII regions with current kinematic models without considering these inhomogeneities. Furthermore, we propose that the spatial and kinematic relation of the compact, ultracompact and hypercompact radio continuum regions toward W3 is indicative of sequentially triggered star formation caused by the pressure of the expanding H II regions and the subsequent compression of the molecular gas. C1 USN OBSERV, WASHINGTON, DC 20392 USA. NATL RADIO ASTRON OBSERV, SOCORRO, NM 87801 USA. UNIV ILLINOIS, DEPT ASTRON, URBANA, IL 61801 USA. RP Tieftrunk, AR (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST RADIOASTRON, AUF HUGEL 69, D-53121 BONN, GERMANY. NR 81 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 318 IS 3 BP 931 EP 946 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WL896 UT WOS:A1997WL89600025 ER PT J AU Wilson, AS Weiler, KW AF Wilson, AS Weiler, KW TI Relativistic positrons in nonthermal radio sources SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic rays; galaxies, jets; ISM, individual (Crab Nebula); radiation mechanisms, nonthermal; radio continuum, general supernova remnants ID CRAB-NEBULA; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; RADIATION; PULSARS; SHOCKS; MODEL AB We describe a procedure for measuring the contribution of relativistic positrons to radio synchrotron radiation. The method relies on the fact that synchrotron radiation from particles of one sign (e.g., electrons) is circularly polarized by a small but measurable amount. If, on the other hand, there are equal numbers of relativistic positrons and electrons, the net circular polarization is zero. The method is illustrated through high-accuracy mapping of the circular polarization of the Crab Nebula at 610 MHz. No significant circular polarization was detected: a very conservative limit is 0.05%, and a more realistic one is 0.03%. We calculate the degree of circular polarization expected if only electrons are present, allowing for the reduction in polarization resulting from nonuniformities in the magnetic field along the line of sight and across the telescope beam. This reduction due to field nonuniformity is estimated from measurements of the degree of linear polarization at optical and high radio frequencies with similar angular resolution to the circular polarization measurements. We find that the observed upper limit on the degree of circular polarization is comparable to or below that expected if only electrons radiate. Various explanations of this result are discussed, including (1) a weaker than assumed magnetic field, (2) a field preferentially nearly perpendicular to the line of sight, (3) a field structure of such a type that nonuniformities reduce the degree of circular polarization by more than they reduce the degree of linear polarization, and (4) the presence of relativistic positrons. Although explanation 1 is implausible, possibilities 2 and 3 cannot be excluded. If future observations establish that the degree of circular polarization at 610 MHz is less than 0.01%, a contribution from positrons would be strongly favored. C1 USN, RES LAB, REMOTE SENSING DIV, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. UNIV MARYLAND, DEPT ASTRON, COLLEGE PK, MD 20742 USA. RP Wilson, AS (reprint author), SPACE TELESCOPE SCI INST, 3700 SAN MARTIN DR, BALTIMORE, MD 21218 USA. NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 1997 VL 475 IS 2 BP 661 EP 664 DI 10.1086/303581 PN 1 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WE355 UT WOS:A1997WE35500026 ER PT J AU Wang, YM AF Wang, YM TI Torque exerted on an oblique rotator by a magnetically threaded accretion disk SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; stars, magnetic fields; stars, rotation ID T-TAURI STARS; NEUTRON STARS; MAGNETOSPHERE AB Simple analytical expressions are derived for the torque exerted by an accretion disk on a star whose magnetic dipole axis is inclined to the rotation axis. Spin-down stresses are transmitted to the star by the field lines that penetrate the disk beyond the corotation radius R(c). As the dipole inclination angle chi increases, the vertical magnetic flux through the disk decreases, and the spin-down contribution to the torque weakens. For inclinations exceeding some limiting value chi(c) in the range of approximately 54 degrees-67 degrees, the braking component is unable to offset the spin-up resulting from the accretion of matter, even when the inner radius of the Keplerian disk, R(0), is located very close to R(c), so that the fastness parameter omega = (R(0)/R(c))(3/2) approaches unity. Thus, for large tilt angles, there can be no steady equilibrium state in which the net torque on the accreting star vanishes, unless some of the material is simultaneously expelled by centrifugal forces or accumulates within the disk. RP Wang, YM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,CODE 7672W,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 24 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 1997 VL 475 IS 2 BP L135 EP L137 DI 10.1086/310481 PN 2 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WE356 UT WOS:A1997WE35600016 ER PT J AU Lee, MH Durnford, SJ Crowley, JS Rupert, AH AF Lee, MH Durnford, SJ Crowley, JS Rupert, AH TI Visual vestibular interaction in the dynamic visual acuity test during voluntary head rotation SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OCULAR REFLEX; MOVEMENTS; COORDINATION; OSCILLOPSIA; FREQUENCY; VELOCITY AB Background: Although intact vestibular function is indispensable to maintaining spatial orientation, no good screening tests of vestibular function are implemented in the aviation community. High frequency voluntary head rotation was selected as a vestibular stimulus to isolate the vestibule-ocular reflex (VOR) from visual influence. Method: A dynamic visual acuity test that incorporates voluntary head rotation was evaluated as a potential vestibular function screening tool: 27 normal subjects performed voluntary sinusoidal head rotation at frequencies from 0.7-4 Hz under 3 different visual conditions: visually-enhanced VOR, normal VOR, and visually suppressed VOR. Standardized Bailey-Lovie chart letters were presented on a computer monitor in front of the subject, who then was asked to read the letters while rotating his head horizontally. The electro-oculogram and dynamic visual acuity score were recorded and analyzed. Results: There was no significant difference in gain or phase shift among 3 visual conditions in the frequency range 2.8-4 Hz. The dynamic visual acuity score shifted less than 0.3 log MAR at frequencies under 2.0 Hz. Conclusion: The dynamic visual acuity test at frequencies around 2 Hz can be recommended for evaluating vestibular function. C1 USA,AEROMED RES LAB,FT RUCKER,AL. USN,AEROSP MED RES LAB,PENSACOLA,FL. RP Lee, MH (reprint author), ROKAF,AEROMED RES INST,POB 335-18,NAMIL MYUN,CHEUNGWON GUN 363849,CHUNGBUK,SOUTH KOREA. NR 25 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 68 IS 2 BP 111 EP 117 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA WG529 UT WOS:A1997WG52900004 PM 9125086 ER PT J AU Brooks, KE Hopkins, EW AF Brooks, KE Hopkins, EW TI An aviator with an unusual gait: A rare disease teaches some everyday lessons SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MUSCULAR-DYSTROPHY; DISTAL MYOPATHY; ADULT-ONSET AB Muscular diseases including the dystrophies and myopathies are often incompatible with a variety of occupations including aviation and military duty. Many of these diseases present early in life, are readily diagnosable, and are therefore rare in the aviation community because of pre-screening and selection. Some forms, however, may not present until adulthood during an established aviation career. Furthermore, although initial presentations may be subtle and insidious, the potential occupational and aeromedical ramifications of these diseases can be profound. The following report describes the case of a subjectively asymptomatic career military aviation officer who presented with an unusual gait, and was subsequently determined to have one of the late-presenting muscle disease variants: Anterior Compartment Distal Myopathy. The patient's presentation and progression, diagnostic evaluation, prognosis, aero-medical risk and disposition, and issues of occupational and aeromedical significance are discussed. C1 USN,AEROSP & OPERAT MED INST,DEPT NEUROL & INTERNAL MED,PENSACOLA,FL 32508. RP Brooks, KE (reprint author), USN,AEROSP & OPERAT MED INST,RESIDENCY AEROSP MED,CODE 32-R,220 HOVEY RD,PENSACOLA,FL 32508, USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 68 IS 2 BP 147 EP 150 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA WG529 UT WOS:A1997WG52900010 PM 9125092 ER PT J AU Abugo, OO Macdonald, VW Rudolph, AS Hess, JR Balagopalakrishna, C Rifkind, JM AF Abugo, OO Macdonald, VW Rudolph, AS Hess, JR Balagopalakrishna, C Rifkind, JM TI Measurements of free and encapsulated hemoglobin oxidation by EPR spectroscopy. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,BLOOD RES DETACHMENT,WASHINGTON,DC. USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NIA,NATL INST HLTH,CTR GERONTOL RES,BALTIMORE,MD 21224. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 72 IS 2 BP MAMF2 EP MAMF2 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA WE747 UT WOS:A1997WE74700044 ER PT J AU Hirsh, AG Tsonev, LI Mehl, PM Litvinovich, SV AF Hirsh, AG Tsonev, LI Mehl, PM Litvinovich, SV TI New techniques for the analysis of fluorescence and circular dichroic (CD) data on the denaturation of proteins. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,MED RES INST,TRANSFUS & CRYOPRESERVAT RES PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 72 IS 2 BP TH409 EP TH409 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA WE747 UT WOS:A1997WE74702385 ER PT J AU Tsonev, LI Hirsh, AG Mehl, PM Litvinovich, SV AF Tsonev, LI Hirsh, AG Mehl, PM Litvinovich, SV TI Evidence that cold denaturation of proteins near 0 degrees C is a general phenomenon. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,MED RES INST,TRANSFUS & CRYOPRESERVAT RES PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 72 IS 2 BP TH269 EP TH269 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA WE747 UT WOS:A1997WE74702247 ER PT J AU Larson, GE Alderton, DL Neideffer, M Underhill, E AF Larson, GE Alderton, DL Neideffer, M Underhill, E TI Further evidence on dimensionality and correlates of the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 101st Annual Convention of the American-Psychological-Association CY AUG 20-24, 1993 CL TORONTO, CANADA SP Amer Psychol Assoc ID ACCIDENTS; ATTENTION AB Using data from 2379 American Navy recruits, the present study examined several issues related to interpretation and use of the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ), including dimensionality, relationships with actual mishaps, and the relationship to handedness. With regard to dimensionality, evidence suggests that the CFQ measures only two replicable factors, a dominant 'general cognitive failures' factor and a minor name-processing factor. The analysis of actual mishaps suggests a linkage between high CFQ scores and accidents, a finding in agreement with other research showing that many accidents result from distractibility, poor selective attention and mental error. Other results indicate that, although both CFQ scores and accident rates are elevated in left-handers, a causal linkage cannot be inferred. RP Larson, GE (reprint author), USN,CTR PERSONNEL RES & DEV,53335 RYNE RD,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 16 TC 73 Z9 75 U1 2 U2 6 PU BRITISH PSYCHOLOGICAL SOC PI LEICESTER PA ST ANDREWS HOUSE, 48 PRINCESS RD EAST, LEICESTER, LEICS, ENGLAND LE1 7DR SN 0007-1269 J9 BRIT J PSYCHOL JI Br. J. Psychol. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 88 BP 29 EP 38 PN 1 PG 10 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA WL023 UT WOS:A1997WL02300002 ER PT J AU Velden, CS Hayden, CM Nieman, SJ Menzel, WP Wanzong, S Goerss, JS AF Velden, CS Hayden, CM Nieman, SJ Menzel, WP Wanzong, S Goerss, JS TI Upper-tropospheric winds derived from geostationary satellite water vapor observations SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID PREDICTION SYSTEM; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; IMAGE DATA; MOTION; CLOUD; INTENSITY; CHANNEL; FIELDS AB The coverage and quality of remotely sensed upper-tropospheric moisture parameters have improved considerably with the deployment of a new generation of operational geostationary meteorological satellites: GOES-8/9 and GMS-5. The GOES-8/9 water vapor imaging capabilities have increased as a result of improved radiometric sensitivity and higher spatial resolution. The addition of a water vapor sensing channel on the latest GMS permits nearly global viewing of upper-tropospheric water vapor (when joined with GOES and Meteosat) and enhances the commonality of geostationary meteorological satellite observing capabilities. Upper-tropospheric motions derived from sequential water vapor imagery provided by these satellites can be objectively extracted by automated techniques. Wind fields can be deduced in both cloudy and cloud-free environments. In addition to the spatially coherent nature of these vector fields, the GOES-8/9 multispectral water vapor sensing capabilities allow for determination of wind fields over multiple tropospheric layers in cloud-free environments. This article provides an update on the latest efforts to extract water vapor motion displacements over meteorological scales ranging from subsynoptic to global. The potential applications of these data to impact operations, numerical assimilation and prediction, and research studies are discussed. C1 COOPERAT INST METEOROL SATELLITE STUDIES, MADISON, WI USA. NOAA, DATA & INFORMAT SERV, NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE, MADISON, WI USA. NOAA, NESDIS, ADV SATELLITE PROD PROJECT, MADISON, WI USA. USN, RES LAB, MONTEREY, CA USA. RI Menzel, W. Paul/B-8306-2011 OI Menzel, W. Paul/0000-0001-5690-1201 NR 43 TC 172 Z9 179 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 EI 1520-0477 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 78 IS 2 BP 173 EP 195 DI 10.1175/1520-0477(1997)078<0173:UTWDFG>2.0.CO;2 PG 23 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA WQ051 UT WOS:A1997WQ05100001 ER PT J AU Davis, MA Bellemore, DG Kersey, AD AF Davis, MA Bellemore, DG Kersey, AD TI Distributed fiber Bragg grating strain sensing in reinforced concrete structural components SO CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES LA English DT Article DE fiber Bragg grating; fiber optics; strain sensor ID OPTICAL-FIBER; SENSOR SYSTEM; PHOTOSENSITIVITY; FILTER AB Fiber Bragg grating sensors are of particular interest for distributed sensor applications, where gratings can be addressed using time- and wave-length-division techniques to provide the strain distribution along a structural component. This paper describes the use of a prototype Bragg grating instrumentation system for monitoring the strain at several locations through reinforced concrete beams and decks which are tested to failure. Strain readings are obtained from a number of multiplexed sensors which are bonded to the rebar reinforcement, free floating in the concrete, and embedded in composite materials attached to the concrete. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Limited. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. SFA INC,LANDOVER,MD 20785. NR 14 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0958-9465 J9 CEMENT CONCRETE COMP JI Cem. Concr. Compos. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 19 IS 1 BP 45 EP 57 DI 10.1016/S0958-9465(96)00042-X PG 13 WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Composites SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science GA WX407 UT WOS:A1997WX40700005 ER PT J AU Tribble, DR Rodier, GR Saad, MD Binson, G Marrot, F Salah, S Omar, C Arthur, RR AF Tribble, DR Rodier, GR Saad, MD Binson, G Marrot, F Salah, S Omar, C Arthur, RR TI Comparative field evaluation of HIV rapid diagnostic assays using serum, urine, and oral mucosal transudate specimens SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV; AIDS; oral mucosal transudate; urine; enzyme immunoassay; western blot; rapid assay ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; WESTERN-BLOT; ANTIBODIES; INFECTION; AFRICA; SALIVA; DJIBOUTI; TESTS AB Background: Comparative field utility of selected HIV-1 assays using homologous collections of serum, urine and oral mucosal transudate (OMT) was determined in adult populations from a tuberculosis hospital and STD clinic in Djibouti, East Africa. Study design: Enzyme immunoassay with confirmatory Western blot was performed on all serum specimens for comparison with rapid, instrument-free assays (SUDS HIV-1, Murex; TestPack HIV-1/2, Abbott: and COMBAIDS HIV 1 + 2, SPAN Diagnostics) using various specimen sources. Delayed (48 h post-collection) testing was also performed on urine. Sensitivity and specificity for the rapid assays, in descending order, were as follows: serum SUDS HIV-1 assay (100%, 98.3%), serum COMBAIDS HIV-1/2 assay (98.4%, 99.6%), and OMT SUDS HIV-1 assay (98.4%, 94.5%). Results: The OMT EIA optical density cutoff value was modified resulting in an improved specificity from 89.1 to 99.6%; however, sensitivity decreased from 100 to 98.5%. Urine EIA and rapid assays demonstrated unacceptable test performance for use as a screening test. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USN,MED RES UNIT 3,CAIRO,EGYPT. UNIV MARYLAND,SCH MED,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH HYG & PUBL HLTH,BALTIMORE,MD. RI Saad, Magdi/H-5561-2013 OI Saad, Magdi/0000-0003-2111-8115 NR 15 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-0197 J9 CLIN DIAGN VIROL JI Clin. Diagn. Virol. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 7 IS 3 BP 127 EP 132 DI 10.1016/S0928-0197(96)00261-9 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA WT724 UT WOS:A1997WT72400001 PM 9126680 ER PT J AU Berg, SW Mitchell, BS Hanson, RK Olafson, RP Williams, RP Tueller, JE Burton, RJ Novak, DM Tsai, TF Wignall, FS AF Berg, SW Mitchell, BS Hanson, RK Olafson, RP Williams, RP Tueller, JE Burton, RJ Novak, DM Tsai, TF Wignall, FS TI Systemic reactions in US Marine Corps personnel who received Japanese encephalitis vaccine SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article AB The overall hypersensitivity reaction rate among 14,249 U.S. Marine Corps personnel who received 36,850 doses of an investigational Japanese encephalitis vaccine was 10.3 per 10,000 doses; reaction rates were 16.1 and 10.3 per 10,000 doses for the first two doses, and 2.0 per 10,000 doses for the third, The reaction rate was 26.7 per 10,000 vaccinees, Of 38 reactors, 26 had urticaria and/or angioedema, and 11 had pruritus. Vaccine reaction intervals clustered within 48 hours for dose 1, but the median reaction interval for dose 2 was 96 hours, A history of urticaria or allergic rhinitis was associated with an increased probability of a vaccine reaction. C1 USN,CTR ENVIRONM HLTH,NORFOLK,VA. USN,ENVIRONM & PREVENT MED UNIT 6,HONOLULU,HI. FIRST MARINE EXPEDITIONARY FORCE,CAMP PENDLETON,CA. USN,AEROSP MED RES LAB,PENSACOLA,FL. ARMED FORCES MED INTELLIGENCE CTR,FREDERICK,MD. USN,ENVIRONM & PREVENT MED UNIT 5,SAN DIEGO,CA. NEVADA CTY PUBL HLTH DEPT,NEVADA CITY,CA. US ATLANTIC COMMAND,NORFOLK,VA. AEA INT,FREEPORT,INDONESIA. CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,FT COLLINS,CO 80522. NR 4 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 24 IS 2 BP 265 EP 266 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA WH302 UT WOS:A1997WH30200032 PM 9114160 ER PT J AU Barrack, RL Folgueras, A Munn, B Tvetden, D Sharkey, P AF Barrack, RL Folgueras, A Munn, B Tvetden, D Sharkey, P TI Pelvic lysis and polyethylene wear at 5-8 years in an uncemented total hip SO CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Orthopaedic-Surgeons CY FEB 20, 1995 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Amer Acad Orthopaed Surgeons ID IMPROVED CEMENTING TECHNIQUES; ARTHROPLASTY; REPLACEMENT AB The clinical and radiographic results of 160 primary, uncemented porous coated total hip replacements performed at 3 teaching hospitals were reviewed, Followup was obtained in 132 of 148 (89%) nondeceased patients, The acetabular component is a full hemisphere, fabricated of cobalt chrome with a sintered bead coating and was implanted with screws in all cases, A 32 mm cobalt chrome femoral head was used in all cases, At 2 to 4 years the incidence of pelvic lysis was 0 and no acetabular revisions had been performed, At 5 to 8 years followup, 3 of 132 (2%) femoral stems had been revised, while on the acetabulum side discrete expansile pelvic lytic lesions occurred in 15 cases (11%) with 8 cases (5%) requiring revision, Abrasion of the screwhead against the backside of the polyethylene liner was seen in all retrieved cases and may have contributed to the development of the lytic lesions seen, Use of this uncemented press fit hemispheric acetabular components, using adjunctive screw fixation resulted in an unacceptably high rate of polyethylene wear and aggressive pelvic lysis, While the results on the femoral side were good, the results with this uncemented acetabular system did not represent an improvement over previous cemented or uncemented acetabular components. C1 USN HOSP,DEPT ORTHOPAED SURG,OAKLAND,CA. RP Barrack, RL (reprint author), TULANE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT ORTHOPAED SURG SL32,1430 TULANE AVE,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70112, USA. NR 22 TC 57 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0009-921X J9 CLIN ORTHOP RELAT R JI Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. PD FEB PY 1997 IS 335 BP 211 EP 217 PG 7 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA WG860 UT WOS:A1997WG86000020 ER PT J AU McCafferty, E AF McCafferty, E TI On the determination of distributed double-layer capacitances from Cole-Cole plots SO CORROSION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE electrochemical calculation; modelling studies ID CORROSION INHIBITION; IMPEDANCE DATA; STAINLESS-STEEL; ACID-SOLUTIONS; IRON; FILMS; ELECTRODES; SURFACE; METAL; WATER AB The solid/liquid interface can often be modeled by the familiar equivalent circuit consisting of a solution resistance in series with a parallel combination of the double-layer capacitance C and the resistance to charge transfer R(p). For this model, when plots of the imaginary part vs the real part of the complex impedance produce depressed semicircles (Cole-Cole plots), the centers of which lie below the real axis, then the relaxation time of the equivalent RC circuit is distributed around a most probable value tau(0) = CR(p), with the degree of departure from ideality given by an appropriate parameter alpha. Four methods are developed to calculate C and alpha from Cole-Cole plots, and these methods are illustrated both for model systems and experimental data. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. RP McCafferty, E (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 24 TC 80 Z9 86 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0010-938X J9 CORROS SCI JI Corrosion Sci. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 39 IS 2 BP 243 EP 254 DI 10.1016/S0010-938X(97)83345-8 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA WG107 UT WOS:A1997WG10700003 ER PT J AU Lucha, PA Rosen, L Olenwine, JA Reed, JF Riether, RD Stasik, JJ Khubchandani, IT AF Lucha, PA Rosen, L Olenwine, JA Reed, JF Riether, RD Stasik, JJ Khubchandani, IT TI Value of carcinoembryonic antigen monitoring in curative surgery for recurrent colorectal carcinoma SO DISEASES OF THE COLON & RECTUM LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the American-Society-of-Colon-and-Rectal-Surgeons CY JUN 09-14, 1996 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Amer Soc Colon & Rectal Surgeons DE carcinoembryonic antigen; colorectal cancer survival ID FOLLOW-UP; COLON-CANCER; MANAGEMENT; RESECTION; COST AB PURPOSE: This study is designed to review a carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-driven postoperative protocol designed to identify patients suitable for curative reresection when recurrent colorectal cancer is identified. METHODS: A total of 285 patients who were operated on for colon or rectal carcinoma between 1981 and 1985 were evaluated (with CEA levels) every two months for the first two years, every three months for the third year, every six months for years 4 and 5, and annually thereafter. CEA levels above 5 mu g were considered abnormal and were evaluated with diagnostic imaging and/or endoscopy. RESULTS: Follow-up was available for 280 patients (98.2 percent). Distribution of patients by Astler-Coller was: A, 14 percent; B-1, 20 percent; B-2, 39 percent; C-1, 5 percent; C-2, 21 percent. There were 62 of 280 patients (22 percent) who developed elevated CEA levels, with 44 patients who demonstrated clinical or radiographic evidence of recurrence. Eleven patients were selected for surgery with curative intent (4 hepatic resections, 1 pulmonary wedge resection, 2 abdominoperineal resections, 2 segmental bowel resections, and 2 cranial metastasectomies). Three of 11 patients (27 percent) benefited and have disease-free survivals greater than 60 months. Of the 223 patients without elevated CEA, 22 (9.9 percent) had recurrent cancer without any survivors. Overall, 3 of 285 patients (1.1 percent) were cured as a result of CEA follow-up. CONCLUSION: CEA-driven surgery is useful in selected patients and can produce long-term survivors. C1 USN,MED CTR,DIV COLON & RECTAL SURG,PORTSMOUTH,VA. LEHIGH VALLEY HOSP,DIV COLON & RECTAL SURG,ALLENTOWN,PA. LEHIGH VALLEY HOSP COMMUNITY HLTH STUDIES,ALLENTOWN,PA. NR 25 TC 39 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0012-3706 J9 DIS COLON RECTUM JI Dis. Colon Rectum PD FEB PY 1997 VL 40 IS 2 BP 145 EP 149 DI 10.1007/BF02054978 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery GA WG352 UT WOS:A1997WG35200003 PM 9075747 ER PT J AU White, D Beyler, CL Fulper, C Leonard, J AF White, D Beyler, CL Fulper, C Leonard, J TI Flame spread on aviation fuels SO FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Flame spread rates and flame spread induction times have been measured for JP-5, JP-8 and mixtures of these fuels over the temperature range 10-90 degrees C. The flame spread data were correlated on the basis of the initial liquid temperature relative to the closed cup flashpoint. Liquid-phase-controlled flame spread is observed for liquid temperatures <15 degrees C above the closed cup flashpoint and the flame spread rate ranges from 3 to 12 cm/s depending on the liquid temperature relative to the flashpoint. For liquid temperatures >15 degrees C above the closed cup flashpoint, flame spread is via gas-phase-controlled flame spread and flame spread rates range from 12 to 160 cm/s. The transition at V = 12 cm/s and the maximum flame spread rate are consistent with present knowledge of gas-phase flame spread and burning velocities. Differences between the present data and other available data from the literature are the result of differences in flashpoint interpretation for hydrocarbons versus alcohols and the use of very narrow flame spread pans by early investigators. The use of pans of only 1-6 cm causes large changes in flame spread rate with temperature which are not observed in wider pans. Therefore the use of narrow tray flame spread experiments gives an incorrect indication of the flame spread rate to be expected in large-scale (realistic) conditions. Pan widths of at least 20 cm are required to avoid these small-pan-width effects. Variations in the flashpoint of mixtures of JP fuels were successfully predicted using the method of Affens and McLaren by treating each JP fuel as a single fuel characterized by a single vapour pressure-temperature relation and assuming that mole fractions in the liquid phase may be approximated by the volume fraction of the JP fuel. Flame spread induction times were shown to be a function of the liquid temperature relative to the closed cup flashpoint. The induction time was also shown to be dependent on the strength and nature of the ignition source. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 HUGHES ASSOCIATES INC,BALTIMORE,MD 21227. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 31 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0379-7112 J9 FIRE SAFETY J JI Fire Saf. J. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 28 IS 1 BP 1 EP 31 DI 10.1016/S0379-7112(96)00070-7 PG 31 WC Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA WR117 UT WOS:A1997WR11700001 ER PT J AU Knutson, EM AF Knutson, EM TI Le 'Fantome de l'Opera' + Popular novel by Gaston Leroux: The charm of deceit SO FRENCH REVIEW LA French DT Article RP Knutson, EM (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSN TEACH FRENCH PI CHAMPAIGN PA 57 EAST ARMORY AVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0016-111X J9 FR REV JI Fr. Rev. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 70 IS 3 BP 416 EP 426 PG 11 WC Literature, Romance SC Literature GA WD592 UT WOS:A1997WD59200004 ER PT J AU Scheps, R AF Scheps, R TI Introduction of the issue on diode-pumped solid-state lasers SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Editorial Material RP Scheps, R (reprint author), USN,COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RDTE DIV NRAD,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 0 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1077-260X J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 3 IS 1 BP 1 EP 2 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA XE895 UT WOS:A1997XE89500001 ER PT J AU Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR RamMohan, LR AF Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR RamMohan, LR TI High-power/low-threshold type-II interband cascade mid-IR laser - Design and modeling SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE optical planar waveguides; optoelectronic devices; quantum-well lasers; semiconductor lasers; semiconductor superlattices; tunnel devices/effects AB We present an optimized design and detailed numerical simulations for a mid-IR type-II interband cascade laser (T2ICL) with InAs-In0.3Ga0.7Sb active quantum wells. It is shown that a 15-period T2ICL operating at 300 K and emitting at 3.15 mu m should achieve a much higher differential quantum efficiency (maximum of 0.9 W/A per facet at 300 K) than conventional mid-IR bipolar injection lasers, and a threshold current density much lower than for the intersubband quantum cascade laser. C1 WORCESTER POLYTECH INST,WORCESTER,MA 01609. RP Vurgaftman, I (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 5613,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Ram-Mohan, Ramdas/C-5167-2012 NR 9 TC 80 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 9 IS 2 BP 170 EP 172 DI 10.1109/68.553079 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA WE304 UT WOS:A1997WE30400011 ER PT J AU Schueller, KA Butler, JT AF Schueller, KA Butler, JT TI Complexity analysis of the cost-table approach to the design of multiple-valued logic circuits SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS LA English DT Article DE computational complexity; cost-table; cost function; logic design; minimization; multiple-valued logic; NP-complete; synthesis AB We analyze the computational complexity of the cost-table roach to designing multiple-valued logic circuits that is applicable to I(2)L, CCDs, current-mode CMOS, and RTDs. We show that this approach is NP-complete. An efficient algorithm is shown for finding the exact minimal realization of a given function by a given cost-table. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,MONTEREY,CA 93943. RP Schueller, KA (reprint author), YOUNGSTOWN STATE UNIV,DEPT MATH & COMP SCI,YOUNGSTOWN,OH 44555, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 SN 0018-9340 J9 IEEE T COMPUT JI IEEE Trans. Comput. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 46 IS 2 BP 205 EP 209 DI 10.1109/12.565599 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA WG533 UT WOS:A1997WG53300011 ER PT J AU Hafizi, B Gold, SH AF Hafizi, B Gold, SH TI Beam loading in magnicon deflection cavities SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beam loading; electron beam deflection; emittance; energy spread; gain; magnicon; microwave tubes ID OUTPUT CAVITY; AMPLIFIER; DESIGN AB Analysis of the beam-deflection cavity interaction in a magnicon is presented and compared with experiment, For a driven cavity a dispersion relation is obtained wherein the interaction modifies the cold-cavity quality factor and the resonance frequency, In terms of a lumped-parameter equivalent circuit the interaction corresponds to a complex-valued beam admittance Y-b in parallel with the cavity admittance, The response of the gain cavities is modified by the same admittance, In a magnicon, Y-b is a sensitive function of the solenoidal focusing magnetic field B-o, thus providing a convenient means of adjusting the cavity properties in experiments, When the relativistic gyrofrequency is twice the drive frequency, Im Y-b = 0 and the beam does not load the cavity, Analytical expressions of the variation of the detuning, instantaneous bandwidth (i.e., loaded quality factor) and gain with B-o are derived, Simulation results are presented to verify the linear analysis with ideal beams and to illustrate the modifications due to finite beam emittance, Results of the magnicon experiment at the Naval Research Laboratory are examined in the light of the analysis. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,BEAM PHYS BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Hafizi, B (reprint author), ICARUS RES INC,BETHESDA,MD 20824, USA. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 25 IS 1 BP 53 EP 59 DI 10.1109/27.557485 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA WL611 UT WOS:A1997WL61100007 ER PT J AU Wei, PC Zeidler, JR Ku, WH AF Wei, PC Zeidler, JR Ku, WH TI Adaptive recovery of a chirped signal using the RLS algorithm SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID LATTICE FILTER; PERFORMANCE; NOISE; LMS; INTERFERENCE; SYSTEMS AB This paper studies the performance of the recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm in the presence of a general chirped signal and additive white noise, The chirped signal, which is a moving average (MA) signal deterministically shifted in frequency at rate psi, can be used to model a frequency shift in a received signal, General expressions for the optimum Wiener-Hopf coefficients, one-step recovery and estimation errors, noise and lag misadjustments, and the optimum adaptation constant (beta(opt)) are found in terms of the parameters of the stationary MA signal, The output misadjustment is shown to be composed of a noise (xi(0)M beta/2) and lag term (kappa/(beta(2) psi(2))), and the optimum adaptation constant is proportional to the chirp rate as psi(2/3). The special case of a chirped first-order autoregressive (ARI) process with correlation (alpha) is used to illustrate the effect the bandwidth (1/alpha) of the chirped signal on the adaptation parameters, It is shown that unlike for the chirped tone, where the beta(opt) increases with the filter length (M), the adaptation constant reaches a maximum for M near the inverse of the signal correlation (1/alpha). Furthermore, there is an optimum filler length for tracking the chirped signal and this length is less than (1/alpha). C1 USN,COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RDT&E DIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92125. RP Wei, PC (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1053-587X J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 45 IS 2 BP 363 EP 376 DI 10.1109/78.554301 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA WG259 UT WOS:A1997WG25900007 ER PT J AU Exley, GM Merakos, LF AF Exley, GM Merakos, LF TI Throughput performance of a CDMA linked-cluster packet radio network SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CDMA; mobile cellular communications; packet radio ID HOP AB A model for a code division multiple access (CDMA) packet radio network in which users are organized, bi geography or some other criteria, into multiple ''clusters'' or ''cells''' is presented, Each cell contains a base station through which all user communications occur, The possibility of employing multiple transceivers, to service the users, is considered, Inter-cell connectivity is provided by a ''backbone'' network of the base stations, In this network, downlink (base station-to-user) transmissions suffer from ''head-of-line'' blocking, Taking this into account, the maximum system throughput under heavy traffic is found, A simple approximation for the system throughput is developed and shown to yield accurate results, The results are then used to assess the effect on system throughput of 1) the number of base station transceivers and 2) the quality (i.e., multi-access capability) of the underlying CDMA scheme. C1 UNIV ATHENS,DEPT INFORMAT,ATHENS 15784,GREECE. RP Exley, GM (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR DETACHMENT,SUBMARINE ELECTROMAGNET SYST DEPT,NEWPORT,RI 02841, USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9545 J9 IEEE T VEH TECHNOL JI IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 46 IS 1 BP 143 EP 154 DI 10.1109/25.554746 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Telecommunications; Transportation GA WJ492 UT WOS:A1997WJ49200015 ER PT J AU Lin, M Manocha, D AF Lin, M Manocha, D TI Efficient contact determination in dynamic environments SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL GEOMETRY & APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT MSI Stony Brook Workshop on Computational Geometry CY OCT 14-16, 1993 CL RALEIGH, NC DE contact determination; geometric coherence; spline models; simulations ID COLLISION DETECTION; INTERSECTIONS; ALGORITHMS; POLYHEDRA AB The problem of contact determination among multiple objects is fundamental in computer simulated environments and robotics. Most of the earlier work is restricted to either polyhedral models or static environments. in this paper, we present efficient algorithms for contact determination and interference detection between geometric models in dynamic environments. The set of models include polyhedra and surfaces described by algebraic sets or piecewise algebraic functions. The algorithms make use of temporal and spatial coherence between successive instances and their running time is a function of the motion between successive instances. The main characteristics of these algorithms are their simplicity and efficiency. They have been implemented; their performance on many applications indicates their potential for real-time simulations. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT COMP SCI,MONTEREY,CA 93943. UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT COMP SCI,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. OI Manocha, Dinesh/0000-0001-7047-9801 NR 45 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0218-1959 J9 INT J COMPUT GEOM AP JI Int. J. Comput. Geom. Appl. PD FEB-APR PY 1997 VL 7 IS 1-2 BP 123 EP 151 DI 10.1142/S0218195997000089 PG 29 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA WT551 UT WOS:A1997WT55100007 ER PT J AU Huang, H Gaunaurd, GC AF Huang, H Gaunaurd, GC TI Scattering of a plane acoustic wave by a spherical elastic shell near a free surface SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article AB The acoustic scattering by a submerged spherical elastic shell near a free surface, which is insonified by plane waves at arbitrary angles of incidence is analyzed in an exact fashion using the classical separation of variables technique. To satisfy the boundary conditions at the free surface as well as on the surface of the spherical elastic shell, the mathematical problem is formulated using the image method. The scattered wave fields are expanded in terms of the classical modal series of spherical wave functions utilizing the translational addition theorem. Quite similar to the problem of scattering by multiple spheres, numerical computation of the scattered wave pressure involves the solution of an ill-conditioned complex matrix system the size of which depends on how many terms of the modal series are required for convergence. This in turn depends on the value of the frequency, and on the proximity of the spherical elastic shell to the free surface. The ill-conditioned matrix equation is solved using the Gauss-Seidel iteration method and Twersky's method of successive iteration cross checking each other. Backscattered echoes from the spherical elastic shell are extensively calculated and displayed. The result also demonstrates that the large amplitude low frequency resonances of the echoes of the submerged elastic shell shift upward with proximity to the free surface. This can be attributed to the decrease of added mass for the shell vibration. The present benchmark solution could eventually be used to validate those found by numerical schemes. C1 USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CARDEROCK DIV,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903. RP Huang, H (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,INDIAN HEAD DIV,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903, USA. NR 9 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 34 IS 5 BP 591 EP 602 DI 10.1016/S0020-7683(96)00033-9 PG 12 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA WB893 UT WOS:A1997WB89300005 ER PT J AU Hasson, DF AF Hasson, DF TI Retrospect - Chronology SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Article RP Hasson, DF (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT MECH ENGN,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 49 IS 2 BP 88 EP 88 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA WK739 UT WOS:A1997WK73900015 ER PT J AU Elton, RC Grun, J Burkhalter, PG Burris, HR Ripin, BH Newman, DA Millard, JR Bey, DM Manka, CK Konnert, J AF Elton, RC Grun, J Burkhalter, PG Burris, HR Ripin, BH Newman, DA Millard, JR Bey, DM Manka, CK Konnert, J TI Time-resolved measurements of x-ray damage to optical coatings SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA; CALIBRATION; CRYSTALS AB Thin film optical coatings are susceptible to damage by high intensity x rays. Time-resolved measurements of this damage are required to better understand the mechanism, so that more rugged coatings can be developed. In the present experiment, dark-field shadowgraphy was used to temporally map the x-ray damage across the surface of certain anti-reflecting (AR) coatings. Two beams from the NRL PHAROS III high power Nd:glass laser system were utilized to generate a point source of plasma x rays, which in turn was used to irradiate and damage the optical coatings. Thin, opaque filters, coupled with permanent magnets and pinholes, were used to shield the optical samples from ultraviolet and charged-particle damage, respectively. The absolute, time-integrated x-ray fluence was measured with a crystal spectrograph, and also was temporally resolved with an x-ray diode. The surface morphology of the damaged optical samples was examined after each shot visually, and later with a profilometer as well as with both scanning electron- and atomic-force microscopes. A measured threshold fluence for damage of 0.049+/-30% cal/cm(2) agrees very well with a radiation-damage code prediction of 0.046 cal/cm(2). (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. RP Elton, RC (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1997 VL 81 IS 3 BP 1184 EP 1191 DI 10.1063/1.363861 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA WF017 UT WOS:A1997WF01700026 ER PT J AU Trump, CL Marmorino, GO AF Trump, CL Marmorino, GO TI Calibrating a gyrocompass using ADCP and DGPS data SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Accurate values of ship's heading, usually obtained from a gyrocompass, are vital in calculating absolute currents from ship-mounted acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs). This note presents a straightforward method of calibrating a ship's gyro by comparing two independent estimates of ship's absolute velocity: one from bottom-track ADCP data (in combination with gyro data), and the other from differential global positioning satellite data. From a dataset collected in June 1993, 5-min-averaged data were isolated having these two estimates of ship's velocity. These data showed that the speed estimates agreed within 0.2% but that the direction estimates varied by +/- 5 degrees (standard deviation 2.4 degrees) in a manner that was strongly a function of ship's gyro heading. Correcting the data for this relationship reduced the standard deviation of the components of the ship-velocity differences by a factor of 2 and removed clear biases in their means. RP Trump, CL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 7250,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 7 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 14 IS 1 BP 211 EP 214 DI 10.1175/1520-0426(1997)014<0211:CAGUAA>2.0.CO;2 PG 4 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA WD273 UT WOS:A1997WD27300017 ER PT J AU Butcher, RJ BashirHashemi, A Gilardi, RD AF Butcher, RJ BashirHashemi, A Gilardi, RD TI Network hydrogen bonding: The crystal and molecular structure of cubane-1,3,5,7-tetracarboxylic acid dihydrate SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE tetrasubstituted cubane derivatives; network solids; cubanetetracarboxylic acids; cubane structures ID CHEMISTRY; COMPLEXES; CUBANES AB The structure of cubane-1,3,5,7-tetracarboxylic acid dihydrate (1) has been determined. It crystallizes in the space group P2(1)/c with cell dimensions a = 6.503(1), b = 19.173(1), c = 10.527(1) Angstrom, beta = 101.60(1). The details of this structure have reaffirmed the fact that the cubane skeleton is a flexible entity which reflects its steric and electronic environment. Of the four carboxylic acid groups three adopt a syn conformation while the fourth adopts an anti conformation. The orientation of these groups with respect to the cubane skeleton is reflected in the C-C bond lengths, Those C-C bonds which are perpendicular to the carboxylic acid groups are the longest and those which are most nearly eclipsed are the shortest in the cubane skeleton. In all cases it is the C=O rather than the C-O bond which is most nearly eclipsed with a C-C bond. The tetrahedral orientation of the substitutents does not express itself in a three dimensional supramolecular assembly; however, all four carboxylic acid groups are involved in very strong donor hydrogen bonds which result in a two dimensional array parallel to (100). An additional surprising result is the bet that none of the four substituents participate in traditional hydrogen bonded carboxylic acid dimeric moieties. C1 ARDEC, GEOCTR, LAKE HOPATCONG, NJ 07849 USA. USN, RES LAB, STRUCT MATTER LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RP Butcher, RJ (reprint author), HOWARD UNIV, DEPT CHEM, 525 COLL ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20059 USA. RI G, Neela/H-3016-2014 NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1074-1542 J9 J CHEM CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Chem. Crystallogr. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 27 IS 2 BP 99 EP 107 DI 10.1007/BF02575902 PG 9 WC Crystallography; Spectroscopy SC Crystallography; Spectroscopy GA WX321 UT WOS:A1997WX32100002 ER PT J AU Georgiadis, MS Schuler, BS Brown, JE Kieffer, LV Steinberg, SM Wilson, WH Takimoto, CH Kelley, MJ Johnson, BE AF Georgiadis, MS Schuler, BS Brown, JE Kieffer, LV Steinberg, SM Wilson, WH Takimoto, CH Kelley, MJ Johnson, BE TI Paclitaxel by 96-hour continuous infusion in combination with cisplatin: A phase I trial in patients with advanced lung cancer SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY MAY 20-23, 1995 CL LOS ANGELES, CA SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol ID COOPERATIVE-ONCOLOGY-GROUP; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; OVARIAN-CANCER; BREAST-CANCER; DRUG-THERAPY; CHEMOTHERAPY; TAXOL; ETOPOSIDE; VINDESINE AB Purpose: To determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of paclitaxel administered by 96-hour continuous infusion in combination with cisplatin, to determine if the addition of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) permits significant paclitaxel dose escalation, and to assess the toxicity and preliminary activity of this combination in patients with advanced lung cancer. Patients and Methods: Fifty patients with untreated lung cancer were enrolled: 42 had advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and eight had extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). patients received paclitaxel doses of 100 to 180 mg/m(2)/96 hours and cisplatin doses of 60 to 80 mg/m(2) as a single 30-minute bolus injection at the end of the paclitaxel infusion. Results: Two of six patients experienced dose-limiting neutropenia at a dose of paclitaxel 140 mg/m(2)/96 hours and cisplatin 80 mg/m(2). With G-CSF support, one of three patients experienced both dose-limiting mucositis and fatal neutropenic sepsis at a dose of paclitaxel 180 mg/m(2)/96 hours and cisplatin 80 mg/m(2). Significant peripheral neuropathy developed in five patients and occurred after six or more cycles of therapy. Thirty-three of 42 patients with NSCLC had measurable disease; the objective response rate was 55%, with two complete responses and 16 partial responses. For all 42 patients with NSCLC, the median time to progression and median survival duration were 5 months and 10 months, respectively. The actuarial 1-year survival rate was 41%. Of eight SCLC patients, four responded to therapy, and the median survival duration for all SCLC patients was 11 months. Conclusion: The MTD without G-CSF is paclitaxel 120 mg/m(2)/96 hours and cisplatin 80 mg/m(2), and the MTD with G-CSF is paclitaxel 160 mg/m(2)/96 hours and cisplatin 80 mg/m(2). Infusional paclitaxel with cisplatin is well tolerated and active in patients with advanced NSCLC. (C) 1997 by Society of Clinical Oncology. C1 NCI, USN, MED ONCOL BRANCH, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NATL NAVAL MED CTR, DEPT MED, DIV PULM MED, BETHESDA, MD 20889 USA. NCI, MED BRANCH, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NCI, BIOSTAT & DATA MANAGEMENT SECT, DIV CLIN SCI, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. RP Georgiadis, MS (reprint author), NATL NAVAL MED CTR, DEPT MED, DIV ONCOL, BETHESDA, MD 20889 USA. OI Kelley, Michael/0000-0001-9523-6080 NR 32 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 15 IS 2 BP 735 EP 743 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA WG098 UT WOS:A1997WG09800041 PM 9053499 ER PT J AU Ryu, HH Sadwick, LP Stringfellow, GB Gedridge, RW Groshens, TJ AF Ryu, HH Sadwick, LP Stringfellow, GB Gedridge, RW Groshens, TJ TI Chemical beam epitaxy of InP without precracking using tertiarybutylbis(dimethylamino)phosphine SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article ID GROUP-V SOURCES; GROWTH; LASERS AB For the first time, single crystalline layers of indium phosphide (InP) have been grown by the chemical beam epitaxy (CBE) technique without thermally precracking the phosphorus (P) source. This was accomplished using a novel P precursor, tertiarybutylbis(dimethylamino)phosphine (TBBDMAP). For a constant input V/III ratio of 7.2, InP growth was studied for growth temperatures from 450 to 530 degrees C. At 450 degrees C, the surface was indium rich due to the incomplete pyrolysis of TBBDMAP. At 480 and 510 degrees C, InP epilayers were successfully grown without precracking the TBBDMAP. An indium-rich surface was also observed at 530 degrees C using this input V/III ratio due to the high rate of phosphorus desorption. At growth temperatures of 480 and 510 degrees C, the effect of the cracker cell temperature on the InP growth rate was studied. C1 UNIV UTAH,COLL ENGN,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,WEAPONS DIV,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD FEB PY 1997 VL 172 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(96)00422-8 PG 4 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA WL489 UT WOS:A1997WL48900001 ER PT J AU Archibald, DD Gaber, BP Hopwood, JD Mann, S Boland, T AF Archibald, DD Gaber, BP Hopwood, JD Mann, S Boland, T TI Atomic force microscopy of synthetic barite microcrystals SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article ID NUCLEATION-CONTROLLED GROWTH; ORGANIC-INORGANIC INTERFACE; MOLECULAR DESIGN; CALCITE CRYSTAL; DISSOLUTION; MORPHOLOGY; SURFACE; CRYSTALLIZATION; RESOLUTION; MECHANISMS AB Prismatic ({210}, {001}) and rounded prismatic ({hk0}, {210}, {001}) synthetic barites were prepared with and without hydrochloric acid. The microcrystals were studied with the use of mid- and high-resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and computational modeling. The gross morphology of barite prepared in acid solution was observed to transform toward (210)-prismatic through a series of {hk0} faces including {310} and {410}. The gross morphology of crystals prepared without acid was fairly constant, but AFM measured a transformation in surface texture from an irregular corrugation to one with regular and lathe-like steps where the long axis of the surface features were aligned parallel to the c-axis. The overall rounding of the {hk0} face is due to both variation in the density of steps along the b- and c-axes and also to non-orthogonality of the faces of the microsteps. Microstep faces were typically not {210}, but were a variety of partly ordered faces similar to models of {310}, {410}, {610}, {810}, and {100}. A greater fraction of {100} or near-{100} facets were measured near the center of the {hk0} face and single-ion-layer steps were also observed. Compared to (210), the AFM lattice images of the {hk0} faces were very disordered. Moreover, on {hk0} a smaller lattice distance and longer correlation length were measured parallel to the c-axis when compared to the b-direction. Together, these observations support the following proposed model for the growth of rounded faces on synthetic barite. High rates of oriented homoepitaxial secondary nucleation occur near the center of the microcrystal and on step faces that are {100} or near-{100} faces. These features are charged or contain linear surface features which can rapidly generate nuclei via alignment of oligomeric barium sulfate polyions formed from the solution. Once formed, a growth step tends to ripen toward {210} through a series of {hk0} microfacets which are similar in surface energy but are separated by small kinetic barriers. C1 UNIV BATH, SCH CHEM, BATH BA2 7AY, AVON, ENGLAND. UNIV WASHINGTON, CTR BIOENGN, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. RP Archibald, DD (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, LAB MOL INTERFACIAL INTERACT, CODE 6930, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RI Mann, Stephen/D-1332-2012; OI Mann, Stephen/0000-0003-3012-8964; Hopwood, Jeremy/0000-0002-4199-3366 NR 30 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD FEB PY 1997 VL 172 IS 1-2 BP 231 EP 248 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(96)00755-5 PG 18 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA WL489 UT WOS:A1997WL48900031 ER PT J AU Waytena, GL Hoff, HA Isaacson, IP Rebbert, ML Ma, DI Marrian, C Suehle, JS AF Waytena, GL Hoff, HA Isaacson, IP Rebbert, ML Ma, DI Marrian, C Suehle, JS TI The optimization of the double mask system to minimize the contact resistance of a Ti/Pt/Au contact SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE contact resistance; diamond; metallization; ohmic contact; Ti diffusion; transmission line model ID DIAMOND AB The fabrication of Ti/Pt/Au ohmic contacts on diamond using two transmission line model masks during the photolithography step was modified as a result of the adverse effects on the resistance from the rectifying lip created by the overlap of the two masks, and the possible inhibition of carbide formation due to the presence of oxygen on the diamond surface before metallization. The first modification consisted of decreasing the rectifying lip by diffusing a small amount of Ti from beneath the contact defined by the first mask, and decreasing the overlap of the two masks from 5 to 2 mu m, which is close to the minimum allowable by our photolithography techniques. The second modification consisted of the desorption of oxygen from the diamond surface using a heat treatment in vacuum and cool down in purified hydrogen. As a result of these changes, the contact resistance was decreased by more than two orders of magnitude from 8.1 x 10(-2) Ohm-cm(2) to 1.2 x 10(-4) Ohm-cm(2). C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. USN,RES LAB,NANOELECT PROC FACIL,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 26 IS 2 BP 90 EP 96 DI 10.1007/s11664-997-0094-8 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA WH841 UT WOS:A1997WH84100007 ER PT J AU Picone, JM Meier, RR Kelley, OA Dymond, KF Thomas, RJ MelendezAlvira, DJ McCoy, RP AF Picone, JM Meier, RR Kelley, OA Dymond, KF Thomas, RJ MelendezAlvira, DJ McCoy, RP TI Investigation of ionospheric of remote sensing using the 834-angstrom airglow SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INCOHERENT-SCATTER OBSERVATIONS; FREQUENCY REDISTRIBUTION; DETECTION-SYSTEM; DAYGLOW; MODEL; TEMPERATURE; EXCITATION; DENSITIES; TRANSPORT; RETRIEVAL AB We have studied the feasibility of ionospheric O+ remote sensing through measurements of the 834-Angstrom airglow. Our approach uses discrete inverse theory (DIT) to retrieve O+ number density profiles from the airglow. Our tests of this method assume observations by a limb-scanning system on an orbiting satellite at an altitude of 850 km. The scans cover the range of 10 degrees-26.5 degrees below horizontal, consistent with future multiyear missions. To provide a baseline assessment, we represent the synthetic ground truth (''true'') O+ distribution as a generalized Chapman-type profile with three or more parameters, based on our recent analysis of topside incoherent scattering radar data and standard ionospheric models (International Reference Ionosphere 1990 (IRI-90) and the parameterized ionospheric model (PIM)). The DIT method proves to be robust, converging to an accurate solution for a wide variation in ionospheric profiles. Using a detailed statistical error analysis of synthetic limb intensity data derived from the IRI-90 and PIM models, we work a difficult test case following from recent comments on the concept of 834-Angstrom remote sensing of ionospheric O+. We find that the DIT method can correctly distinguish between distinctly different F layers that produce nearly identical intensity profiles, consistent with instrument specifications for future missions. C1 GEORGE MASON UNIV,INST COMPUTAT SCI & INFORMAT,FAIRFAX,VA 22030. NEW MEXICO INST MIN & TECHNOL,DEPT ELECT ENGN,SOCORRO,NM 87801. OFF NAVAL RES,ARLINGTON,VA 22217. RP Picone, JM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Meier, Robert/G-4749-2014 OI Meier, Robert/0000-0001-8497-7115 NR 39 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1997 VL 102 IS A2 BP 2441 EP 2456 DI 10.1029/96JA03314 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WF648 UT WOS:A1997WF64800043 ER PT J AU Bucsela, EJ Sharp, WE AF Bucsela, EJ Sharp, WE TI N I 8680- and 8629-angstrom multiplets in the dayglow SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SOLAR EUV FLUX; ELECTRON-IMPACT; CROSS-SECTIONS; ATOMIC NITROGEN; DISSOCIATIVE EXCITATION; ATMOSPHERE EXPLORER; MODEL; N-2; EMISSIONS; SPECTRUM AB The N I 8680- and 8629-Angstrom multiplets have been observed in the midlatitude dayglow during moderate-to-high solar activity. A rocket-borne near-infrared spectrometer of 13.4-Angstrom resolution recorded spectra between 120 and 219 km. Analysis yielded altitude profiles of emissions including the N-2 first positive (1 PG) (2,1) band, the O-2 atmospheric (0,1) and (1,2) bands, and the N I 8680- and 8629-Angstrom multiplets. Photoelectron impact models adequately described the measured 1 PG profile but significantly underestimated the N I multiplet emission rates. It is suggested that the primary source of the multiplets is photodissociation of N-2. The contribution of this process was estimated from a model based on the shape of the N I 1200-Angstrom line's photoexcitation cross section. If the proposed excitation mechanism is correct, peak cross-section values for the 8680- and 8629-Angstrom multiplets would have to be 7.2 +/- 5.2 x 10(-20) and 5.7 +/- 3.2 X 10-(20) cm(2), respectively. C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT ATMOSPHER OCEAN & SPACE SCI,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. RP Bucsela, EJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,CODE 7623,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 58 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1997 VL 102 IS A2 BP 2457 EP 2466 DI 10.1029/96JA02677 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WF648 UT WOS:A1997WF64800044 ER PT J AU Joshi, Y Dutta, P Schupp, PE Espinosa, D AF Joshi, Y Dutta, P Schupp, PE Espinosa, D TI Nonaxisymmetric convection in stationary Gas Tungsten Arc Weld Pools SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE high-temperature phenomena; mat'ls processing & manufacturing process; phase-change phenomena ID FLUID-FLOW AB Observations of surface flow patterns of steel and aluminum GTAW pools have been made using a pulsed laser visualization system. The weld pool convection is found to be three-dimensional with the azimuthal circulation depending on the location of the clamp with respect to the torch. Oscillation of steel pools and undulating motion in aluminum weld pools are also observed even with steady process parameters. Current axisymmetric numerical models are unable to explain such phenomena. A three-dimensional computational study is carried out in this study to explain the rotational flow in aluminum weld pools. C1 INDIAN INST SCI, DEPT ENGN MECH, BANGALORE, KARNATAKA, INDIA. USN, POSTGRAD SCH, DEPT MECH ENGN, MONTEREY, CA 93943 USA. RP Joshi, Y (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND, DEPT MECH ENGN, COLLEGE PK, MD 20742 USA. NR 18 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0022-1481 J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME PD FEB PY 1997 VL 119 IS 1 BP 164 EP 172 DI 10.1115/1.2824082 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA WK254 UT WOS:A1997WK25400021 ER PT J AU Metzbower, EA AF Metzbower, EA TI On the formation of the keyhole and its temperatures SO JOURNAL OF LASER APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE laser welding; electron beam welding; keyhole formation; temperature distribution in welding ID ALLOYING ELEMENT VAPORIZATION; ELECTRON-BEAM; METAL VAPORIZATION; STAINLESS-STEEL; PENETRATION; PLASMA AB A thermodynamically based model has been developed to calculate the size and temperature of the 'keyhole' through the thickness of the weldment. The model is based on calculating the power loss resulting from evaporation of an element in the chemistry of the plate and a minimum power density required to produce a keyhole. The evaporative power loss is set equal to the Gaussian power density which is used to represent the laser beam. The result is a temperature distribution across the keyhole. Absorption of the laser power in the keyhole is calculated based on inverse Bremsstrahlung absorption, which can be calculated based on Saha's equation and the average Gaunt factor. The results indicate that peak powers below the minimum peak power density yield temperatures that are indicative of melting only; peak powers equal to a minimum power density yield temperatures that reach the evaporation temperature of the element; and that peak powers greater than the minimum power density yield temperatures ter than the evaporation temperature of the element. The results are used to explain the 'nail head' appearance of the fusion zone which is quite common in laser beam welds. The results also explain some visual observations of laser beam welds. RP Metzbower, EA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6320,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU LASER INST AMER PI ORLANDO PA 12424 RESEARCH PARKWAY SUITE 125, ORLANDO, FL 32826 SN 1042-346X J9 J LASER APPL JI J. Laser Appl. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 9 IS 1 BP 23 EP 33 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA WL173 UT WOS:A1997WL17300005 ER PT J AU Kresin, V Wolf, S Ovchinnikov, Y Bill, A Adrian, S Dolgov, O Shulga, S AF Kresin, V Wolf, S Ovchinnikov, Y Bill, A Adrian, S Dolgov, O Shulga, S TI Magnetic scattering, ''recovery'' of superconductivity and tunneling in the cuprates SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Weak Superconductivity Symposium (WSS) CY AUG 04-07, 1996 CL SMOLENICE CASTLE, SLOVAK REPUBLIC ID LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; THIN-FILMS; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; FIELD; STATE AB High T-c cuprates contain various magnetic scatterers. Their presence affects many features of the materials, including tunneling density of states. Correlation between magnetic moments leads to a novel ''recovery'' effect, and, consequently, to an unusual temperature dependence of the Josephson current. C1 USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. LD LANDAU THEORET PHYS INST, MOSCOW 11733, RUSSIA. PN LEBEDEV PHYS INST, MOSCOW 117924, RUSSIA. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI, INST SPECT, TROITSK 142092, RUSSIA. RP Kresin, V (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Wolf, Stuart/A-7513-2009 NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2291 EI 1573-7357 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 106 IS 3-4 BP 159 EP 171 DI 10.1007/BF02399611 PG 13 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WF905 UT WOS:A1997WF90500003 ER PT J AU Hall, DD Mudawar, I Morgan, RE Ehlers, SL AF Hall, DD Mudawar, I Morgan, RE Ehlers, SL TI Validation of a systematic approach to modeling spray quenching of aluminum alloy extrusions, composites, and continuous castings SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE aluminum alloys; computer model; quenching; spray quenching ID PARTS AB Optimal cooling of aluminum alloys following the high-temperature extrusion process suppresses precipitation of intermetallic compounds and results in a part capable of possessing maximum strength and hardness after the subsequent age-hardening process. Rapid quenching suppresses precipitation but can lead to large spatial temperature gradients in complex-shaped parts, causing distortion, cracking, high residual stress, and/or nonuniform mechanical properties. Conversely, slow cooling significantly reduces or eliminates these undesirable conditions but allows considerable precipitation, resulting in low strength, soft spots, and/or low corrosion resistance. This study presents a systematic method of locating and operating multiple spray nozzles for any shaped extrusion such that uniform, rapid cooling and superior mechanical and metallurgical properties are achieved. A spray nozzle data base was compiled by measuring the distribution of spray hydrodynamic parameters (volumetric spray flux, mean drop diameter, and mean drop velocity) throughout the spray field of various industrial nozzles. Spray heat transfer correlations, which link the local spray hydrodynamic parameters to the heat transfer rate in each of the boiling regimes experienced by the surface, defined the spatially nonuniform boundary conditions in a numerical model of the quenching process that also accounted for interference between adjacent spray fields, New correlations, offering increased accuracy and less computational time, were formulated for the high-temperature boiling regimes which have a critical influence on final mechanical properties. The quench factor technique related predicted thermal history to metallurgical transformations occurring within the extrusion to predict hardness distribution. The validity of this unique approach was demonstrated by comparing model predictions to the temperature response (and hardness after artificial aging) of an L-shaped Al 2024-T6 extrusion to quenches with multiple, overlapping water sprays. The validation study reported herein concludes by exploring the possibility of applying quenching technology to improving the properties of extruded metal-matrix composites such as SiCp/Al 6061 and cast alloys. C1 USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,AIRCRAFT DIV INDIANAPOLIS,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46219. RP Hall, DD (reprint author), PURDUE UNIV,SCH MECH ENGN,BOIL & 2 PHASE FLOW LAB,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907, USA. NR 41 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 SN 1059-9495 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 6 IS 1 BP 77 EP 92 DI 10.1007/s11665-997-0036-x PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA WF874 UT WOS:A1997WF87400011 ER PT J AU Edelstein, AS Everett, RK Perepezko, JH Bassani, MHD AF Edelstein, AS Everett, RK Perepezko, JH Bassani, MHD TI Uniformity and interfaces in ion-beam deposited Al/Ni multilayers SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; PERIODIC LAYERED STRUCTURES; PHASE-FORMATION; FILMS; INTERDIFFUSION; KINETICS AB The uniformity and reaction kinetics of ion-beam deposited Al/Ni multilayer samples with the same composition, Al81.8Ni18.2, and modulation wavelength, Lambda = 20 nm, but with different total film thicknesses were investigated by x-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry measurements. The total film thicknesses varied between approximately 0.5 and 2.0 mu m It was found that the interface widths were approximately 1 nm and the Ni layers are much more disordered than the Al layers. The thicker samples show an increase in disorder on a length scale comparable to Lambda. In other experiments, a change was observed with increasing modulation wavelength from semicoherent interfaces with a low density of misfit dislocations to semicoherent interfaces with a high density of misfit dislocations. The reaction kinetics for forming the Al9Ni2 phase is independent of the sample thickness. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,MADISON,WI 53706. RP Edelstein, AS (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. OI Everett, Richard/0000-0002-6725-9442 NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 12 IS 2 BP 385 EP 391 DI 10.1557/JMR.1997.0055 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA WF468 UT WOS:A1997WF46800019 ER PT J AU Gaber, BP Goodsell, DS AF Gaber, BP Goodsell, DS TI The art of molecular graphics - Irving Geis: Dean of molecular illustration SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR GRAPHICS & MODELLING LA English DT Article C1 GEORGE MASON UNIV, CTR COMPUTAT SCI & INFORMAT, FAIRFAX, VA 22030 USA. UNIV WASHINGTON, CTR BIOENGN, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. SCRIPPS RES INST, LA JOLLA, CA USA. RP Gaber, BP (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, LAB MOL INTERFACIAL INTERACT, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1093-3263 J9 J MOL GRAPH MODEL JI J. Mol. Graph. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 15 IS 1 BP 57 EP 59 DI 10.1016/S1093-3263(97)82817-3 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Crystallography; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Computer Science; Crystallography; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA YG007 UT WOS:A1997YG00700007 ER PT J AU Sills, CF AF Sills, CF TI Eric Voegelin and the good society - Ranieri,JJ SO JOURNAL OF POLITICS LA English DT Book Review RP Sills, CF (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV TEXAS PRESS PI AUSTIN PA BOX 7819, AUSTIN, TX 78713-7819 SN 0022-3816 J9 J POLIT JI J. Polit. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 59 IS 1 BP 282 EP 284 DI 10.2307/2998241 PG 3 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA WM915 UT WOS:A1997WM91500030 ER PT J AU Yun, XP Alptekin, G Albayrak, O AF Yun, XP Alptekin, G Albayrak, O TI Line and circle formation of distributed physical mobile robots SO JOURNAL OF ROBOTIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB The formation problem of distributed mobile robots was studied in the literature for idealized robots. Idealized robots are able to instantaneously move in any directions, and are equipped with perfect range sensors. In this study, we address the formation problem of distributed mobile robots that are subject to physical constraints. Mobile robots considered in this study have physical dimensions and their motions are governed by physical laws. They are equipped with sonar and infrared range sensors. The formation of lines and circles is investigated in detail. It is demonstrated that line and circle algorithms developed for idealized robots do not work well for physical robots. New line and circle algorithms, with consideration of physical robots and sensors, are presented and validated through extensive simulations. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. RP USN, POSTGRAD SCH, DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN, CODE ECYX, MONTEREY, CA 93943 USA. NR 21 TC 39 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0741-2223 J9 J ROBOTIC SYST JI J. Robot. Syst. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 14 IS 2 BP 63 EP 76 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4563(199702)14:2<63::AID-ROB2>3.3.CO;2-4 PG 14 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA WD266 UT WOS:A1997WD26600002 ER PT J AU Yamauchi, B Langley, P AF Yamauchi, B Langley, P TI Place recognition in dynamic environments SO JOURNAL OF ROBOTIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID MOBILE AB We have developed a technique for plate learning and place recognition in dynamic environments. Our technique associates evidence grids with places in the world and uses hill climbing to find the best alignment between current perceptions and learned evidence grids. We present results from five experiments performed using a real mobile robot in a real-world environment. These experiments measured the effects of transient and lasting changes in the environment on the robot's ability to localize. In addition, these experiments tested the robot's ability to recognize places from different viewpoints and verified the scalability of this approach to environments containing large numbers of places. Our results demonstrate that places can be recognized successfully despite significant changes in their appearance, despite the presence of moving obstacles, and despite observing these places from different viewpoints during place learning and place recognition. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 USN, NAVY CTR APPL RES ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, RES LAB, MACHINE LEARNING SECT, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. STANFORD UNIV, DEPT COMP SCI, ROBOT LAB, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA. INST STUDY LEARNING & EXPERTISE, PALO ALTO, CA 94306 USA. RP USN, NAVY CTR APPL RES ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, RES LAB, MACHINE LEARNING SECT, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. EM yamauchi@aic.nrl.navy.mil NR 15 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0741-2223 J9 J ROBOTIC SYST JI J. Robot. Syst. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 14 IS 2 BP 107 EP 120 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4563(199702)14:2<107::AID-ROB5>3.3.CO;2-P PG 14 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA WD266 UT WOS:A1997WD26600005 ER PT J AU Yoneda, K Suzuki, K Kanayama, Y Takahashi, H Akizono, J AF Yoneda, K Suzuki, K Kanayama, Y Takahashi, H Akizono, J TI Gait and foot trajectory planning for versatile motions of a six-legged robot SO JOURNAL OF ROBOTIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB This article deals with the problem of planning and controlling a radially symmetric six-legged walker on an uneven terrain when a smooth time-varying body motion is required. The main difficulties lie on the planning of gaits and foot trajectories. As for the gaits, this article discusses the forward wave gait of a variable duty factor and a variable wave direction. With the commanded body motion, the maximum possibly duty factor is computed using the speed limit of the leg swing motion. Guaranteeing this maximum duty factor contributes to obtain higher stability. We prove the ''continuity'' of this forward wave gait planning algorithm adds the versatility to gaits planned. The foot trajectory planning algorithm dynamically generates a smooth foot trajectory as a function of the instantaneous body motions by modifying standard leg motion templates. The robot can negotiate an uneven terrain by modifying a vertical leg motion by a signal of tactile sensors on the foot. The experiments prove that the robot can successfully track smooth curves with body rotations on an uneven terrain, and thus prove the robustness of the algorithms. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 UNIV ELECTROCOMMUN, DEPT ELECT ENGN, TOKYO 182, JAPAN. USN, POSTGRAD SCH, DEPT COMP SCI, MONTEREY, CA 93943 USA. MINIST TRANSPORT, PORT & HARBOUR RES INST, MACHINERY DIV, YOKOSUKA, KANAGAWA 239, JAPAN. RP TOKYO INST TECHNOL, DEPT MECHANOAEROSP ENGN, MEGURO KU, 2-12-1 OOKAYAMA, TOKYO 152, JAPAN. NR 22 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0741-2223 J9 J ROBOTIC SYST JI J. Robot. Syst. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 14 IS 2 BP 121 EP 133 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4563(199702)14:2<121::AID-ROB6>3.3.CO;2-1 PG 13 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA WD266 UT WOS:A1997WD26600006 ER PT J AU Bishop, GC Smith, J AF Bishop, GC Smith, J TI Scattering from an elastic shell and a rough fluid-elastic interface: Theory SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ACOUSTIC SCATTERING; WAVE-GUIDE; SOLID INTERFACE; OBSTACLE; MATRIX AB A null-field T-matrix formalism is developed for scattering a pressure wave from a stationary elastic shell immersed in a homogeneous and isotropic fluid half-space and in proximity to a rough fluid-elastic interface. Helmholtz-Kirchhoff integral representations of the various scattered pressure and displacement fields are constructed. The surface fields are required to satisfy the elastic tensor boundary conditions and the scattered fields are required to satisfy the extended boundary condition. Spherical basis functions are used to construct a free-field T-matrix for the elastic shell and rectangular vector basis functions are used to construct a representation of the free-field T-matrix for the rough fluid-elastic interface. The free-field T-matrices are introduced into the Helmholtz-Kirchhoff and the null-field equations for the shell-interface system and a general system of equations for the spectral amplitudes of the various fields is obtained. The general system of equations is specialized to scattering from periodic surface roughness and an exact solution for the scattered pressure field in the fluid is obtained. Then the general system of equations is specialized to scattering from small-amplitude arbitrary roughness profiles and a perturbative solution is obtained. It is shown that the formalism contains multiple scattering effects on the rough surface and between the rough surface and the shell. RP Bishop, GC (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR DIV NEWPORT,NEWPORT,RI 02840, USA. NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 101 IS 2 BP 767 EP 788 DI 10.1121/1.417962 PG 22 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA WH323 UT WOS:A1997WH32300014 ER PT J AU Tielburger, D Finette, S Wolf, S AF Tielburger, D Finette, S Wolf, S TI Acoustic propagation through an internal wave field in a shallow water waveguide SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID NORMAL MODE AMPLITUDES; INTENSITY FLUCTUATIONS; RANDOM OCEAN; RANDOM-MEDIA; STATISTICS; SOLITONS AB This paper addresses the problem of predicting and interpreting acoustic wave field properties in a stochastic ocean waveguide, for which the sound-speed variability within the water column is treated explicitly as a random process. It is assumed that the sound-speed distribution is composed of three components: a deterministic, time-independent profile and two stochastic components induced by internal wave activity. One random contribution represents a spatially diffuse Garrett-Munk field whose spectrum is constrained by the shallow water waveguide, while the second corresponds to spatially localized soliton packets. A high-angle elastic parabolic equation method is applied to compute single frequency realizations of the pressure field using this three-component representation of the sound-speed distribution. Ensemble-averaged transmission loss and scintillation index measures for the full pressure field and its modal components are estimated for different source depths and for both flat and sloping bottoms. Probability distributions of the mode amplitudes for different ranges are also presented. These statistical measures are incorporated into the analysis of range-dependent mode coupling between the internal wave and acoustic fields, and evidence is presented which supports a recent prediction that the scintillation index grows exponentially with range due to the competition between mode coupling and mode stripping found in shallow water waveguides. Full-field estimates of the scintillation index are also presented for a shallow water region on the continental slope off the New Jersey coast. (C) 1997 Acoustical Society of America. C1 FORSCHUNGSANSTALT BUNDESWEHR WASSERSCHALL & GEOPH,D-24148 KIEL,GERMANY. RP Tielburger, D (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,ACOUST DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 38 TC 88 Z9 98 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 101 IS 2 BP 789 EP 808 PG 20 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA WH323 UT WOS:A1997WH32300015 ER PT J AU Photiadis, DM Williams, EG Houston, BH AF Photiadis, DM Williams, EG Houston, BH TI Wave-number space response of a near periodically ribbed shell SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID NEARFIELD ACOUSTICAL-HOLOGRAPHY; ANDERSON LOCALIZATION; CYLINDRICAL-SHELL; FLEXURAL WAVES; PROPAGATION; IRREGULARITY; SCATTERING; VIBRATION; CYLINDERS; PLATE AB Employing near-field acoustic holography measurements, the wave-number space response of a ribbed shell to a point drive is investigated. The data show the dominance of flexural vibration in the mid-frequency range, and demonstrate the prominent role played by the eigensolutions of the periodic structure. The supersonic region of frequency-wave-number space is examined in detail and the fast membrane waves, although suppressed in level relative to the subsonic bending waves, provide a clear highlight in this domain at frequencies below the first radiating flexural passband. The results are also examined in k(z)-k(phi) space for several frequencies. This representation enables an interpretation of the results in terms of the slowness surface of the flexural waves and provides a simple explanation for the various complex beaming and focusing phenemena which occur in this system. RP Photiadis, DM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 26 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 101 IS 2 BP 877 EP 886 DI 10.1121/1.418108 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA WH323 UT WOS:A1997WH32300023 ER PT J AU Photiadis, DM Bucaro, JA Houston, BH AF Photiadis, DM Bucaro, JA Houston, BH TI The effect of internal oscillators on the acoustic response of a submerged shell SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID FLEXURAL WAVES; IRREGULARITY; SCATTERING AB The effect of a large number (approximate to 1000) of internal mechanical oscillators on the acoustic backscattering cross section of a submerged ribbed shell has been experimentally investigated. A comparison of the backscattering cross section of the shell with oscillators to that of a simple ribbed shell with no oscillators shows a number of significant effects arising from the internal structure and overall a significantly increased average scattering strength. These results are presented and several physical mechanisms which can account for the salient aspects of the observations are discussed. RP Photiadis, DM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 101 IS 2 BP 895 EP 899 DI 10.1121/1.418048 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA WH323 UT WOS:A1997WH32300025 ER PT J AU Keolian, RM AF Keolian, RM TI A demonstration apparatus of the cochlea [43.10.Sv, 43.64.Kc] SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB The passive tonotopic traveling wave seen by von Bekesy in his experiments on the cochlea is demonstrated with a hydrodynamic analog. The model apparatus consists of an 85-cm-long, 1.6-cm-i.d. horizontal tube representing the scala, closed at one end and driven by a diaphragm at the other. Projecting above this are about 120 closely spaced transparent vertical channels representing the cochlear partition, whose length varies exponentially from 21 cm near the diaphragm to 84 cm near the closed end. Water poured into the apparatus fills the horizontal tube and rises lip the vertical channels to a height of 20 cm. The tops of the channels are then sealed and the air trapped above the water surface acts like a place-dependent spring. By driving the diaphragm at various frequencies, a wave on the free surface can be seen traveling towards the channel that is resonantly excited where most of the energy will be deposited. A derivation of the wave is presented. (C) 1997 Acoustical Society of America. RP Keolian, RM (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT PHYS,CODE PH-KN,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 101 IS 2 BP 1199 EP 1201 DI 10.1121/1.419497 PG 3 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA WH323 UT WOS:A1997WH32300059 ER PT J AU Afanas'ev, VV Stesmans, A Revesz, AG Hughes, HL AF Afanas'ev, VV Stesmans, A Revesz, AG Hughes, HL TI Trap generation in buried oxides of silicon-on-insulator structures by vacuum ultraviolet radiation SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR CAPACITORS; DEFECT GENERATION; SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; SI/SIO2 INTERFACE; SIMOX STRUCTURES; HOT-ELECTRONS; DIOXIDE FILMS; DEGRADATION; HYDROGEN; LAYERS AB The generation of defects in buried oxide layers in silicon-on-insulator structures by vacuum ultraviolet radiation is studied using electron/hole trapping measurements and electron spin resonance. The oxide layers produced by oxygen implantation show trap generation near the irradiated oxide surface, in contrast to thermally grown and bonded oxides, in which the defects are produced over the entire oxide volume. Spatially confined trap production is associated with the limited length of radiolytic hydrogen diffusion in the oxide during irradiation due to the enhanced interaction of hydrogen with the oxide network. C1 REVESZ ASSOCIATES, BETHESDA, MD 20817 USA. USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RP Afanas'ev, VV (reprint author), UNIV LOUVAIN, DEPT PHYS, B-3001 LOUVAIN, BELGIUM. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 144 IS 2 BP 749 EP 753 DI 10.1149/1.1837479 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA WL647 UT WOS:A1997WL64700063 ER PT J AU Kayar, SR Parker, EC Harabin, AL AF Kayar, SR Parker, EC Harabin, AL TI Metabolism and thermoregulation in guinea pigs in hyperbaric hydrogen: Effects of pressure SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE heliox; hydrox; hypothermia; indirect calorimetry; High Pressure Neurologic Syndrome; narcosis; oxygen consumption rate ID HUMAN TEMPERATURE REGULATION; NITROUS-OXIDE; NARCOSIS AB 1. To analyze the effects of pressure and gas composition on thermoregulation, guinea pigs were exposed to 10-60 atm breathing O-2 and H-2 (hydrox), O-2 and He (heliox), or O-2, N-2 and He (N-2-trimix), at 26-36 degrees C. 2. There were significant differences (P < 0.001) in O-2 consumption rate ((V) over dot O-2) as a function of chamber and colonic temperature, pressure, and body surface area in the three gas mixtures. 3. There was a significant correlation (P < 0.001) between (V) over dot O-2 and pressure in heliox but not in hydrox or N-2-trimix; we speculated that the absence of pressure effects is associated with hyperbaric narcosis. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. RP Kayar, SR (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,8901 WISCONSIN AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 22 IS 1 BP 31 EP 41 DI 10.1016/S0306-4565(96)00032-0 PG 11 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA WT002 UT WOS:A1997WT00200004 ER PT J AU Sover, ER Brammer, HM Rowedder, AM AF Sover, ER Brammer, HM Rowedder, AM TI Thrombosis of the proximal greater saphenous vein: Ultrasonographic diagnosis and clinical significance SO JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE thrombosis, ultrasound; veins, thrombosis; veins, femoral ID DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS; LOWER-EXTREMITY; PULMONARY-EMBOLISM; THROMBOPHLEBITIS; COMPRESSION; DISEASE; US AB Eleven of 985 (1.1%) patients referred for leg ultrasonographic examinations to evaluate for deep venous thrombosis over a 3 year period were found to have isolated proximal greater saphenous vein thrombosis. Retrospective review of their treatments and sequelae showed that six patients (55%) initially treated with anticoagulant medication or high vein ligation had no further sequelae. Of four patients (36%) not initially treated, two subsequently developed pulmonary embolus, one had clot propagation into the common femoral vein, and one developed noncontiguous deep venous thrombosis. The findings of this review would suggest aggressive treatment for isolated upper greater saphenous vein thrombosis. C1 USN,NATL MED CTR,BETHESDA,MD 20084. FAMILY HLTH PLAN,MILWAUKEE,WI. RP Sover, ER (reprint author), MARQUETTE RADIOL ASSOCIATES,PC,1414 W FAIR AVE,SUITE 122,MARQUETTE,MI 49855, USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST ULTRASOUND MEDICINE PI LAUREL PA SUBSCRIPTION DEPT, 14750 SWEITZER LANE, STE 100, LAUREL, MD 20707-5906 SN 0278-4297 J9 J ULTRAS MED JI J. Ultrasound Med. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 16 IS 2 BP 113 EP 116 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Acoustics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA XT746 UT WOS:A1997XT74600006 PM 9166803 ER PT J AU Dick, EJ Broome, JR Hayward, IJ AF Dick, EJ Broome, JR Hayward, IJ TI Acute neurologic decompression illness in pigs: Lesions of the spinal cord and brain SO LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PATENT FORAMEN OVALE; AIR-EMBOLISM; GAS-BUBBLES; DIVERS; SICKNESS; AMATEUR AB A detailed histopathologic description of central nervous system lesions from a porcine model of neurologic decompression illness is presented. Pigs were dived in a dry chamber to 200 feet of seawater for 24 min before the start of decompression. Of 120 pigs, 40 (33.3%) were functionally unaffected and 80 (66.6%) developed neurologic decompression illness; 16 died, 64 survived. Petechial hemorrhages were grossly visible in the spinal cord of 73% of the survivors, 63% of the fatalities, and 3% of the clinically unaffected pigs. The thoracic part of the cord was most commonly involved. Histologic cord lesions were found in 75 (63%) pigs: 83% of decompression illness survivors, 81% of the fatalities, and 23% of those clinically unaffected. Morphologically, hemorrhagic lesions were the most common (54%). Other common findings included spongiosis (48%), axonal swelling and loss (39%), and myelin degeneration (35%). White matter hemorrhages in the spinal cord were generally more numerous and extensive than those affecting the gray matter; however, gray matter hemorrhage was associated with increasing disease severity. Brain lesions were present in 23% of pigs and were most frequent in fatalities. Cerebellar and brain stem hemorrhages were the most common brain lesions; the molecular layer of the cerebellum appeared particularly susceptible. Pigs were chosen because of their cardiovascular and gas exchange similarities to humans. The clinical and histopathologic features of the pig model were compared with previous accounts in animals and humans; the model was judged analogous to severe human decompression illness. The finding of occult brain and cord lesions in clinically unaffected pigs is discussed. The model provides a useful tool for the study of dysbaric lesions of the central nervous system. Its noninvasive nature may facilitate the study of nervous system injury and repair processes. C1 USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD. NR 36 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CORDOVA PA 70 TIMBERCREEK DR, SUITE 5, CORDOVA, TN 38018 SN 0023-6764 J9 LAB ANIM SCI JI Lab. Anim. Sci. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 47 IS 1 BP 50 EP 57 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA WK123 UT WOS:A1997WK12300008 PM 9051647 ER PT J AU Randall, DA Wester, DC Hunsaker, DH AF Randall, DA Wester, DC Hunsaker, DH TI Reliability of disposable intraoperative facial nerve stimulators SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article DE motor nerve stimulators; rheobase; chronaxie; constant voltage; constant current; current shunting AB Facial nerve injury is one major morbidity of surgery performed along the course of this nerve. Surgeons frequently employ stimulators to identify and protect the nerve, Both disposable devices as well as larger reusable stimulators are available. Despite their common use, relatively little documentation exists regarding the safety and reliability of these devices. me tested the electrical output of the four disposable, single-use motor nerve stimulators that are marketed in the United States. We found that each produced consistent stimulus output over time. One stimulator slightly exceeded the manufacturer's listed output while three devices produced significantly less voltage and current than specified by the manufacturer. C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP Randall, DA (reprint author), USN,DEPT CLIN INVEST,NAVAL MED CTR,34800 BOB WILSON DR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD FEB PY 1997 VL 107 IS 2 BP 192 EP 199 DI 10.1097/00005537-199702000-00010 PG 8 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA WH990 UT WOS:A1997WH99000008 PM 9023242 ER PT J AU Antoszewski, J Dell, JM Faraone, L Tan, LS Raman, A Chua, SJ Holmes, DS Lindemuth, JR Meyer, JR AF Antoszewski, J Dell, JM Faraone, L Tan, LS Raman, A Chua, SJ Holmes, DS Lindemuth, JR Meyer, JR TI Evaluation of III-V multilayer transport parameters using quantitative mobility spectrum analysis SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Expert Evaluation and Control of Compound Semiconductor Materials and Technologies (EXMATEC 96) CY MAY 12-15, 1996 CL FREIBURG, GERMANY SP Deut Forschungsgemeinsch, Fraunhofer IAF, Freiberger Compound Mat DE mobility spectrum; multi-carrier fit; two dimensional electron gas ID MAGNETOTRANSPORT CHARACTERIZATION AB In this paper we illustrate the power and utility of quantitative mobility spectrum analysis (QMSA) of magnetic field dependent Hall data in order to evaluate the transport parameters of multilayer III-V materials and device structures such as high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) and heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs). As a first example, we present the QMSA of a n(+) GaAs/GaAs/n(+)AlGaAs/p(+)GaAs/n GaAs/n(+)GaAs HBT structure, in which QMSA resolves two carrier species: holes with mobility of 700 cm(2) V-1 s(-1) and density 1.6 x 10(18) cm(-3), and electrons with mobility of 1530 cm(2) V-1 s(-1) and density 3.0 x 10(18) cm(-3). A direct comparison with the results of C-V electrochemical profiling indicates that all n(+)-type layers (sub-collector, emitter and cap) are characterised by an electron mobility which appears in the mobility spectrum as a single peak with an average density corresponding to the sum of all three n(+) layers. The peak in the hole spectrum may be clearly identified with the single p-type base layer. The second example is an ni GaAs/n(+)AlGaAs/AlGaAs/GaAs HEMT structure in which the 2D electron gas population with a mobility of 7750 cm(2) V-1 s(-1) and sheet density of 2.6 x 10(11) cm(-2) is readily identified and separated from the mobility spectrum peak corresponding to the two highly-doped n-type capping layers. Due to the similar carrier mobility in both capping layers, their contribution to the spectrum appears as a single electron peak at 1100 cm(2) V-1 s(-1) with a density of 2.1 x 10(16) cm(-3). (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 NATL UNIV SINGAPORE,DEPT ELECT ENGN,SINGAPORE 119260,SINGAPORE. LAKE SHORE CRYOTRON INC,WESTERVILLE,OH 43081. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Antoszewski, J (reprint author), UNIV WESTERN AUSTRALIA,DEPT ELECT & ELECT ENGN,NEDLANDS,WA 6907,AUSTRALIA. RI Dell, John/B-2389-2013 OI Dell, John/0000-0003-2801-3519 NR 6 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5107 J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 44 IS 1-3 BP 65 EP 69 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA XD443 UT WOS:A1997XD44300016 ER PT J AU Talwar, DN Roughani, B Pellegrino, JG Amirtharaj, P Qadri, SB AF Talwar, DN Roughani, B Pellegrino, JG Amirtharaj, P Qadri, SB TI Study of phonons in semiconductor superlattices by Raman scattering spectroscopy and microscopic model calculation SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Expert Evaluation and Control of Compound Semiconductor Materials and Technologies (EXMATEC 96) CY MAY 12-15, 1996 CL FREIBURG, GERMANY SP Deut Forschungsgemeinsch, Fraunhofer IAF, Freiberger Compound Mat DE molecular beam epitaxy; superlattices; x-ray diffraction ID GAAS-ALAS SUPERLATTICES; OPTICAL PHONONS; DISPERSION AB Raman spectroscopy is used to study phonons in a series of thin (AlAs)(m)/(GaAs)(n) superlattices (SLs) grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The influence of buffer layer type on the interface roughness of heterostructures is carefully evaluated. The accuracy of optical phonons and the degree of peak sharpness of GaAs-like confined modes are examined via off-resonance Raman spectroscopy. Theoretical calculations of phonons in thin (AlAs)(m)/(GaAs)(n) superlattices (i.e. samples with m, n less than or equal to 12) are reported for various directions of propagation by using a rigid-ion model. Optical phonons acquire significant dispersive character when the wavevector q forming an angle theta with the growth axis of the superlattice is changed from theta = 0 to pi/2, i.e. from [001] to [100]. The frequency gaps in the angular dispersions due to mode anti-crossing behavior observed recently by Zunke et al. using micro-Raman spectroscopy and studied by a continuum model are found to be in reasonably good agreement with our lattice dynamical model calculations. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 GMI,ENGN & MANAGEMENT INST,SCI & MATH DEPT,FLINT,MI 48504. NIST,DIV SEMICOND ELECT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NRL,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Talwar, DN (reprint author), INDIANA UNIV PENN,DEPT PHYS,INDIANA,PA 15705, USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5107 J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 44 IS 1-3 BP 143 EP 146 DI 10.1016/S0921-5107(96)01776-X PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA XD443 UT WOS:A1997XD44300034 ER PT J AU Voge, VM King, RE AF Voge, VM King, RE TI Women in combat: Concerns of US Air Force and US Army rated male and female aircrew SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Aerospace-Medical-Association CY MAY 07-11, 1995 CL ANAHEIM, CA SP Aerosp Med Assoc AB The issue of women flying military aircraft in a combat role has been very controversial. We conducted a comprehensive survey, via anonymous questionnaire, of all U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force rated female aircrew, with an equal number of age- and duty-matched male aircrew. Here we report on the women in combat section of the questionnaire: should women be allowed to fly aircraft on combat missions? if allowed to do so, should they have the option of doing so? The great majority of women (87%) felt that they should be allowed to fly aircraft on combat missions, whereas only 41% of the men agreed. If women were allowed to fly in combat, both genders felt that women should be forced to do so on an equal basis with the men. Major concerns mere that there be no quotas, that combat slots be opened to the best qualified, and prisoner-of-war concerns. Many women opined that they should not be forced to go into combat because they believe men are not forced to do so, There seemed to be a great deal of animosity between men and women concerning women flying in combat. RP Voge, VM (reprint author), USN,SCH HLTH SCI,SAN DIEGO DETACHMENT,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 162 IS 2 BP 79 EP 81 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA WG392 UT WOS:A1997WG39200005 PM 9038022 ER PT J AU Kyle, E Neckers, L Takimoto, C Curt, G Bergan, R AF Kyle, E Neckers, L Takimoto, C Curt, G Bergan, R TI Genistein-induced apoptosis of prostate cancer cells is preceded by a specific decrease in focal adhesion kinase activity SO MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANDROGEN-BINDING; GROWTH-FACTORS; INHIBITION; DIET; MEN; EXPRESSION; RESISTANCE; MICE AB Genistein (5,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavone), an isoflavinoid found in soy beans, has been identified as potentially causal for the low incidence of metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) in certain countries. Although genistein-induced PCa cell adhesion has been identified as a possible causative mechanism, direct growth inhibition by genistein has been reported and also could be causal. If in vivo growth inhibition was significant, then growth inhibition should occur at concentrations attained with dietary consumption, the mechanism of growth inhibition should be relevant to PCa, and genistein (a broad-spectrum in vitro protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitor) should have relatively specific kinase inhibitory effects in vivo. These considerations were investigated by measuring growth inhibitory activity in a variety of PCa cell lines. Growth inhibitory effects were shown not to occur with concentrations below the low micromolar range (i.e., 3 logs above that attained in serum). In-depth mechanistic studies with the PC3-M metastatic variant cell line demonstrated that growth inhibition was independent of genistein's estrogenic effects. Genistein was shown to decrease the viability of nonadherent cells, suggesting a lack of dependence on cell adhesion for growth inhibition. However, important molecular and kinetic differences between genistein's effects on growth in adherent versus nonadherent cells were identified. Specific suppression of focal adhesion kinase activity (without global decreases in phosphotyrosine) was shown to precede induction of apoptosis, which was responsible for growth inhibition in adherent cells. These findings do not support an in vivo growth inhibitory role by genistein consumed in quantities associated with a soy-based diet. They do, however, identify genistein as a potential therapeutic agent for PCa and as a tool with which to study the control of apoptosis in PCa. C1 NCI,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. USN,MED ONCOL BRANCH,CLIN PHARMACOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20084. NR 35 TC 146 Z9 150 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0026-895X J9 MOL PHARMACOL JI Mol. Pharmacol. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 51 IS 2 BP 193 EP 200 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA WJ446 UT WOS:A1997WJ44600004 PM 9203623 ER PT J AU Negueruela, I Grove, JE Coe, MJ Fabregat, J Finger, MH Phlips, BF Roche, P Steele, IA Unger, SJ AF Negueruela, I Grove, JE Coe, MJ Fabregat, J Finger, MH Phlips, BF Roche, P Steele, IA Unger, SJ TI Multiwavelength observations of an outburst from the Be/X-ray transient 4U0115+63 in 1994 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE binaries, general; stars, emission-line, Be; stars, individual, V635 Cas; pulsars, general; infrared, stars; X-rays, stars ID OPTICAL COUNTERPART; UHURU CATALOG; 4U 0115+63; STARS; DISKS; LUMINOSITY; 4U-0115+63; DISCOVERY; X0115+634; SPECTRUM AB We present OSSE observations of the recurrent X-ray transient 4U0115+63 during the 1994 May-June outburst, spanning the brightest period of the outburst and covering more than a full binary orbit. We also present long-term observations of the optical counterpart V635 Cassiopeiae and the long-term hard X-ray light curve determined by BATSE pulsed observations. Optical and infrared photometry as well as H alpha spectroscopy reveals that the correlation between the optical and X-ray behaviour of the source, although evident, is not simple. We discuss the recent history of the system, paying particular attention to the extremely unusual behaviour of the Be star. We investigate the possible mechanisms for this behaviour and find that the centrifugal inhibition of accretion theory provides an adequate explanation for the X-ray activity. Our data, however, point strongly against the previous assumption that the accretion disc around the neutron star is responsible for the very large variations in optical luminosity. These variations, as well as those in the shape and strength of the H alpha line, must originate in the Be circumstellar envelope. C1 USN, RES LAB, EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. UNIV VALENCIA, DEPT ASTRON & ASTROFIS, E-46100 BURJASSOT, VALENCIA, SPAIN. NASA, GEORGE C MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CTR, SPACE SCI LAB, HUNTSVILLE, AL 35812 USA. UNIV SPACE RES ASSOC, WASHINGTON, DC 20024 USA. UNIV SUSSEX, CTR ASTRON, MAPS, BRIGHTON BN1 9QH, E SUSSEX, ENGLAND. LIVERPOOL JOHN MOORES UNIV, ASTROPHYS GRP, LIVERPOOL L3 3AF, MERSEYSIDE, ENGLAND. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DEPT SPACE SCI, DIDCOT OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. RP Negueruela, I (reprint author), UNIV SOUTHAMPTON, DEPT PHYS, SOUTHAMPTON SO17 1BJ, HANTS, ENGLAND. RI Negueruela, Ignacio/L-5483-2014; Fabregat, Juan/F-9066-2016 OI Negueruela, Ignacio/0000-0003-1952-3680; Fabregat, Juan/0000-0002-5986-9347 NR 50 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD FEB 1 PY 1997 VL 284 IS 4 BP 859 EP 868 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA WH887 UT WOS:A1997WH88700010 ER PT J AU Fine, J Lorincik, J Andreadis, TD Franzreb, K Sroubek, Z AF Fine, J Lorincik, J Andreadis, TD Franzreb, K Sroubek, Z TI High-energy electron emission from ion-bombarded surfaces of Ga, Ge, In and Sn SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article ID SLOW ATOMIC-COLLISIONS; HEAVY-IONS; MECHANISMS; SPECTRA; IMPACT; AUTOIONIZATION; EXCITATION; PROMOTION; ELEMENTS; SOLIDS AB Intense, continuous distributions of kinetic emitted electrons, often with energies extending to greater than 100 eV, have been observed for Ga, Ge, In and Sn surfaces bombarded with keV Ar+ ions. These broad distributions, which clearly are not associated with Auger excitation, can be understood in terms of a one-electron collisional-excitation model involving orbital interaction, promotion, and direct-to-continuum deexcitation. Possible pathways for electron promotion have been obtained for the above elements from detailed calculations of correlation diagrams which have been used to predict successfully the probability of collisional excitation and deep-level promotion. Element-specific differences observed in the kinetic emission spectra between the two pairs of elements, the Ga and Ge pair and the In and Sn pair (associated with collisional level-coupling and promotion processes), also have been interpreted from these correlation diagrams. We conclude that the high-energy, kinetic electron emission as well as the specific differences observed between the Ga and Ge pair and the In and Sn pair are consistent with this one-electron promotion/deexcitation model. C1 USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. ACAD SCI CZECH REPUBL, INST RADIO ENGN & ELECT, PRAGUE 18251 8, CZECH REPUBLIC. ACAD SCI CZECH REPUBL, INST PHYS CHEM, PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC. RP Fine, J (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, SURFACE MICROANAL SCI DIV, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. RI Lorincik, Jan/F-9054-2014 OI Lorincik, Jan/0000-0003-4227-1514 NR 58 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD FEB PY 1997 VL 122 IS 2 BP 199 EP 214 DI 10.1016/S0168-583X(96)00785-9 PG 16 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA WG596 UT WOS:A1997WG59600005 ER PT J AU Wieck, JA Jackson, JK OBrien, TJ Lurate, RB Russell, JM Dorchak, JD AF Wieck, JA Jackson, JK OBrien, TJ Lurate, RB Russell, JM Dorchak, JD TI Efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics in arthroscopic surgery SO ORTHOPEDICS LA English DT Article ID TOTAL HIP-REPLACEMENT; MULTICENTER; CEFAZOLIN AB A prospective, randomized, double-blind study of 437 patients undergoing arthroscopic diagnostic and operative procedures found that no deep infections occurred in any patient and only one superficial infection occurred in a patient who did not receive prophylactic antibiotics. One patient had a mild allergic reaction to the antibiotic that resolved after treatment with Benadryl. These results suggest that the routine use of prophylactic antibiotics is not indicated for patients undergoing arthroscopic surgery and that the slight risk of infection is outweighed by the cost of the antibiotics and the slight risk of allergic reaction. C1 USN HOSP,PENSACOLA,FL. NR 16 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0147-7447 J9 ORTHOPEDICS JI Orthopedics PD FEB PY 1997 VL 20 IS 2 BP 133 EP 134 PG 2 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA WK391 UT WOS:A1997WK39100007 PM 9048390 ER PT J AU Gadre, AK Brodie, HA Fayad, JN OLeary, MJ AF Gadre, AK Brodie, HA Fayad, JN OLeary, MJ TI Venous channels of the petrous apex: Their presence and clinical importance SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Joint Annual Meeting of the German-Skull-Base-Society and the North-American-Skull-Base-Society CY FEB 20-23, 1994 CL LAKE BUENA VISTA, FL SP German Skull Base Soc, N Amer Skull Base Soc ID CHOLESTEROL GRANULOMA; SKULL-BASE AB A methyl methacrylate casting technique was used to make detailed casts of the intracerebral venous system of four human cadaver specimens. Seven of the eight petrous apices studied were diploeic (n = 5), or pneumatic (n = 2) and had venules coursing in the anterior petrous apex. These venules form conduits connecting the cavernous to the inferior petrosal sinus or the jugular bulb and have not been previously described. In addition to the air cell system of the petrous apex, these venules may represent pathways for the spread of infection and the development of petrous apicitis, Gradenigo's syndrome, and the rare otogenic cavernous sinus thrombophlebitis. Their presence also may help explain the location of cholesterol granulomas, which afflict this area of the skull base. C1 COLUMBIA UNIV,SAN DIEGO,CA. USN HOSP,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP Gadre, AK (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG,2521 STOCKTON BLVD,SUITE 7200,SACRAMENTO,CA 95817, USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 116 IS 2 BP 168 EP 174 DI 10.1016/S0194-5998(97)70320-6 PG 7 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA WJ766 UT WOS:A1997WJ76600006 PM 9051059 ER PT J AU Postma, GN Keyser, JS AF Postma, GN Keyser, JS TI Management of persistent chylothorax SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article ID NECK DISSECTION; SURGICAL-MANAGEMENT C1 NAVAL MED CTR PORTSMOUTH,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG,PORTSMOUTH,VA. NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 116 IS 2 BP 268 EP 270 DI 10.1016/S0194-5998(97)70340-1 PG 3 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA WJ766 UT WOS:A1997WJ76600026 PM 9051079 ER PT J AU OBrien, F AF OBrien, F TI Extension of the spatial PDI model to three dimensions SO PERCEPTUAL AND MOTOR SKILLS LA English DT Article ID POPULATION-DENSITY; INDEX AB The author's population density index (PDI) model is extended to three-dimensional distributions. A derived formula is presented that allows for the calculation of the lower and upper bounds of density in three-dimensional space for any finite lattice. RP OBrien, F (reprint author), USN, UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR, CODE 2211, B 1171-2, 1176 HOWELL ST, NEWPORT, RI 02841 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMMONS SCIENTIFIC, LTD PI MISSOULA PA PO BOX 9229, MISSOULA, MT 59807-9229 USA SN 0031-5125 J9 PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL JI Percept. Mot. Skills PD FEB PY 1997 VL 84 IS 1 BP 176 EP 178 PG 3 WC Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA WK483 UT WOS:A1997WK48300032 ER PT J AU Broughton, JQ Lill, JV Johnson, JK AF Broughton, JQ Lill, JV Johnson, JK TI C-60 phase diagram: A full free-energy analysis SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; FLUID; FULLERENE AB The phase diagram of nonrigid spheres with pair potential chosen to mimic the C-60-C-60 interaction was studied by isothermal-isobaric molecular-dynamics simulation. The crystal phase was explored from zero pressure up to 12 000 bars, while the liquid, vapor, and fluid phases were studied up to 600 bars. By combining the resulting enthalpic data with a full harmonic analysis for the crystal and an integration of the fluid phase to infinite temperature to reach the ideal-gas limit, the free energies of the four competing phases were obtained. In accord with experimental observation and previous Gibbs-ensemble and Clausius-Clapeyron simulation methods, the liquid phase is found to be unstable everywhere in the phase diagram. Comprehensive enthalpic, density, and free-energy fits to the data are given. As more reliable C-60 interactions become available, the present model has the potential to become a highly accurate reference system. Contrary to common orthodoxy, it is possible via the direct molecular-dynamics methods described herein to distinguish the thermodynamics of dense states separated by only a few atmospheres. C1 UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT CHEM ENGN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. RP Broughton, JQ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Johnson, Karl/E-9733-2013 OI Johnson, Karl/0000-0002-3608-8003 NR 26 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1997 VL 55 IS 5 BP 2808 EP 2817 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.55.2808 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WG886 UT WOS:A1997WG88600031 ER PT J AU Selinger, JV Selinger, RLB AF Selinger, JV Selinger, RLB TI Cooperative chiral order in copolymers of chiral and achiral units SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID MACROMOLECULAR STEREOCHEMISTRY; POLYISOCYANATES; SENSE AB Polyisocyanates can be synthesized with chiral and achiral pendant groups distributed randomly along the chains. The overall chiral order, measured by optical activity, is strongly cooperative and depends sensitively on the concentration of chiral pendant groups. To explain this cooperative chiral order theoretically, we map the random copolymer onto the one-dimensional random-field Ising model. We show that the optical activity as a function of composition is well described by the predictions of this theory. C1 CATHOLIC UNIV AMER,DEPT PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20064. RP Selinger, JV (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,CODE 690,455 OVERLOOK AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Selinger, Jonathan/D-1445-2010; OI Selinger, Jonathan/0000-0002-4982-2457; Selinger, Robin/0000-0002-6519-9685 NR 13 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 1997 VL 55 IS 2 BP 1728 EP 1731 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.55.1728 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA WK492 UT WOS:A1997WK49200065 ER PT J AU Ngai, KL Roland, CM AF Ngai, KL Roland, CM TI ''Fast dynamics of glass-forming glycerol'' - Comment SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Letter ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING AB The coupling model predicts the existence of a prominent fast alpha process at times <2 ps in fragile glassforming liquids such as polymers. A further prediction is that this process will be only weakly apparent in intermediate and strong liquids such as glycerol. In light of these predictions, we have reexamined the neutron scattering data of glycerol published by Wuttke, Petry, Coddens, and Fujara (WPCF) [Phys. Rev. E 52, 4026 (1995)], leading to the conclusion that the fast alpha process is indeed quite weak therein. Thus, the coupling model predictions are fully consistent with the glycerol data, notwithstanding WPCF's statement to the contrary. RP Ngai, KL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Wuttke, Joachim/C-1142-2008 NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 1997 VL 55 IS 2 BP 2069 EP 2070 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.55.2069 PG 2 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA WK492 UT WOS:A1997WK49200115 ER PT J AU Bartoli, FJ Lindle, JR Flom, SR Selinger, JV Ratna, BR Shashidhar, R AF Bartoli, FJ Lindle, JR Flom, SR Selinger, JV Ratna, BR Shashidhar, R TI Field-induced optical biaxiality in chiral smectic-A liquid crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC-FIELD; PHASE-CHANGE; TRANSITION AB Observation of field-induced optical biaxiality in a chiral smectic-A Liquid crystal is reported for the first time. Optical transmission measurements as a function of electric field demonstrate that a material exhibiting a large electroclinic effect also exhibits a pronounced optical biaxiality. It is shown that the biaxiality is correlated with the electroclinic tilt angle and its field dependence can be qualitatively explained in terms of a simple molecular model involving reorientation about the long molecular axis. C1 USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Bartoli, FJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV OPT SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Lindle, James/A-9426-2009; Selinger, Jonathan/D-1445-2010 OI Selinger, Jonathan/0000-0002-4982-2457 NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 1997 VL 55 IS 2 BP R1271 EP R1274 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA WK492 UT WOS:A1997WK49200010 ER PT J AU Nusinovich, GS Danly, BG Levush, B AF Nusinovich, GS Danly, BG Levush, B TI Gain and bandwidth in stagger-tuned gyroklystrons SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID GYROTRON OSCILLATORS; FIELD AB An analytical theory describing the trade-off in the bandwidth and gain in multicavity, stagger-tuned gyroklystrons (GKLs) is developed. The assumption that the cavities are short and therefore the electron ballistic bunching proceeds in long drift sections (point-gap model) allows us to develop analytically both the small-signal and large-signal theories of stagger-tuned GKLs. The results for two-, three-, and four-cavity GKLs are presented which illustrate the bandwidth increase, the gain degradation, and the increase in gain-bandwidth product due to the stagger tuning. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Nusinovich, GS (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,INST PLASMA RES,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. NR 15 TC 24 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD FEB PY 1997 VL 4 IS 2 BP 469 EP 478 DI 10.1063/1.872115 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA WH429 UT WOS:A1997WH42900026 ER PT J AU Sastri, SB Armistead, JP Keller, TM Sorathia, U AF Sastri, SB Armistead, JP Keller, TM Sorathia, U TI Phthalonitrile-glass fabric composites SO POLYMER COMPOSITES LA English DT Article AB Phthalonitrile polymers, under development at the Naval Research Laboratory, offer promise as high temperature, high performance composite matrix materials. A fully cured resin shows outstanding thermal stability with no evidence of a glass transition temperature or T-g up to 450 degrees C, good mechanical properties, and fs easily processed into void-free components. Phthalonitrile/glass fabric composite panels have been successfully fabricated by conventional consolidation of prepregged glass and by a more recently developed simplified process, resin infusion molding. Both processes can be used to produce panels with comparable mechanical properties. More important, flammability performance of these composites, evaluated In terms of specific optical density, combustion gases, heat release, and ignitability, excels over other state-of-the-art polymer/glass composites. This finding is significant given that overcoming flammability obstacles has been the main limiting factor for use of composites in marine applications. C1 USN, CTR SURFACE WARFARE, CARDEROCK DIV, BETHESDA, MD 20817 USA. RP Sastri, SB (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, MAT CHEM BRANCH, CODE 6120, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 14 TC 66 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0272-8397 J9 POLYM COMPOSITE JI Polym. Compos. PD FEB PY 1997 VL 18 IS 1 BP 48 EP 54 DI 10.1002/pc.10260 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA WK683 UT WOS:A1997WK68300006 ER EF