FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU YOUNES, E
HAAS, GP
VISSCHER, D
PONTES, JE
PURI, RK
HILLMAN, GG
AF YOUNES, E
HAAS, GP
VISSCHER, D
PONTES, JE
PURI, RK
HILLMAN, GG
TI INTRALESIONAL TREATMENT OF ESTABLISHED MURINE PRIMARY RENAL TUMOR WITH
INTERLEUKIN-4 - LOCALIZED EFFECT ON PRIMARY TUMOR WITH NO IMPACT ON
METASTASES
SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE MICE; CARCINOMA, RENAL CELL; INTERLEUKIN-4
ID CELL CARCINOMA; INTERLEUKIN-4; CANCER; IMMUNOTHERAPY; THERAPY; GROWTH
AB In an effort to develop new strategies for immunotherapy of metastatic renal cell carcinoma, we investigated the therapeutic potential of interleukin-4 in a visceral renal tumor using the murine Renca renal adenocarcinoma model. Renca cells were implanted underneath the renal capsule of Balb/c mice to induce a primary tumor that spontaneously metastasized to several organs. Established primary renal tumors 4 to 6 mm. in diameter were treated by intralesional administration of recombinant murine interleukin-4 (IL-4). This treatment caused a marked inhibition of the primary tumor growth but had little effect on the progression of metastases in the liver, mesentery and lungs. Immunohistochemistry studies performed on renal tumor sections showed a macrophage infiltration that became predominant 7 days after IL-4 treatment. CD8+ T cells were also observed at the periphery and within the tumor. These data suggest that IL-4 mediated a potent antitumor effect when administered intralesionally although its effects remained localized with no impact on metastases at distant sites. Interleukin-4 antitumor activity seems to be mediated by recruitment of macrophages and T cells in the tumor.
C1 WAYNE STATE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT UROL,DETROIT,MI 48201.
WAYNE STATE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL,DETROIT,MI 48201.
HARPER GRACE HOSP,DETROIT,MI.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CELLULAR & GENE THEAPIES,MOLEC TUMOR BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD.
NR 16
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI BALTIMORE
PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436
SN 0022-5347
J9 J UROLOGY
JI J. Urol.
PD FEB
PY 1995
VL 153
IS 2
BP 490
EP 493
DI 10.1097/00005392-199502000-00068
PG 4
WC Urology & Nephrology
SC Urology & Nephrology
GA QA146
UT WOS:A1995QA14600072
PM 7815631
ER
PT J
AU WHARTENBY, KA
ABBOUD, CN
MARROGI, AJ
RAMESH, R
FREEMAN, SM
AF WHARTENBY, KA
ABBOUD, CN
MARROGI, AJ
RAMESH, R
FREEMAN, SM
TI THE BIOLOGY OF CANCER GENE-THERAPY
SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
LA English
DT Review
ID TUMOR-INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES; ACTIVATED KILLER CELLS; THYMIDINE KINASE
GENE; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES; HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS TYPE-16;
LASTING ANTITUMOR IMMUNITY; BONE-MARROW CELLS; C-MYC ONCOGENE; CLASS-I
GENE; T-CELLS
C1 TULANE UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70112.
US FDA,CTR BIOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
UNIV ROCHESTER,MED CTR,DEPT MED,HEMATOL UNIT,ROCHESTER,NY 14642.
NR 160
TC 46
Z9 46
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI BALTIMORE
PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436
SN 0023-6837
J9 LAB INVEST
JI Lab. Invest.
PD FEB
PY 1995
VL 72
IS 2
BP 131
EP 145
PG 15
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology
SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology
GA QG888
UT WOS:A1995QG88800002
PM 7853848
ER
PT J
AU HANES, DE
KOCH, WH
MILIOTIS, MD
LAMPEL, KA
AF HANES, DE
KOCH, WH
MILIOTIS, MD
LAMPEL, KA
TI DNA-PROBE FOR DETECTING SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS IN FOOD
SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES
LA English
DT Article
DE SALMONELLA ENTERITIDIS; DNA PROBE; COLONY HYBRIDIZATION; SPVA GENE
ID PLASMID-ASSOCIATED VIRULENCE; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; TYPHIMURIUM; GENE;
IDENTIFICATION; HYBRIDIZATION; DUBLIN; REGION
AB Salmonellosis is the most frequently reported foodborne illness in the United States, with Salmonella enteritidis being the leading cause of these outbreaks. Nucleotide sequence comparisons of the Salmonella plasmid virulence (spv) genes of S. enteritidis with those of S. typhimurium and S. dublin have revealed that a single base-pair change unique to S. enteritidis is present in the spvA gene. An 18-base synthetic oligonucleotide probe (SE-probe) that is completely homologous to the spvA gene of S. enteritidis but which has one base pair mismatch with other salmonellae was shown to be specific for S. enteritidis. in colony hybridization blots, 129 isolates of S. enteritidis, 29 other species of Salmonella, and 17 non-Salmonella spp, were tested with the SE-probe. The SE-probe hybridized with 96% of the S, enteritidis strains tested but did not react with the other Salmonella or non-Salmonella strains. These data suggest that the SE-probe can be used in a specific and rapid detection assay for S. enteritidis.
C1 US FDA,DIV MOLEC BIOL RES & EVALUAT HFS237,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
US FDA,DIV VIRULENCE ASSESSMENT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
NR 36
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU ACADEMIC PRESS (LONDON) LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX
SN 0890-8508
J9 MOL CELL PROBE
JI Mol. Cell. Probes
PD FEB
PY 1995
VL 9
IS 1
BP 9
EP 18
DI 10.1016/S0890-8508(95)90917-6
PG 10
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology;
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Cell Biology
GA QJ528
UT WOS:A1995QJ52800002
PM 7760865
ER
PT J
AU QUAN, TH
REINERS, JJ
CULP, SJ
RICHTER, P
STATES, JC
AF QUAN, TH
REINERS, JJ
CULP, SJ
RICHTER, P
STATES, JC
TI DIFFERENTIAL MUTAGENICITY AND CYTOTOXICITY OF
(+/-)-BENZO[A]PYRENE-TRANS-7,8-DIHYDRODIOL AND
(+/-)-ANTI-BENZO[A]PYRENE-TRANS-7,8-DIHYDRODIOL-9,10-EPOXIDE IN
GENETICALLY-ENGINEERED HUMAN FIBROBLASTS
SO MOLECULAR CARCINOGENESIS
LA English
DT Article
DE CYP1A1; BIOACTIVATION; MUTAGENESIS; GENOTOXICITY; PROCARCINOGEN
ID HUMAN CYTOCHROME-P-450 ENZYMES; BENZOPYRENE DIOL EPOXIDE; DNA-REPAIR;
CARCINOGEN BENZOPYRENE; AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; METABOLIC-ACTIVATION;
PREFERENTIAL BINDING; ACTIVE CHROMATIN; NUCLEAR MATRIX; CELLS
AB DNA repair-deficient (xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA)) and DNA repair-proficient (normal) human skin fibroblasts were genetically engineered by transformation with a controllable human cytochrome P450 (CYP)1A1 expression vector. Induction of CYP1A1 enabled these cells to metabolize (+/-)-benzo[a]pyrene-trans-7,8-dihydrodiol (BPD) into a potent cytotoxicant and mutagen. The XPA cells were more susceptible than the normal cells to the cytotoxic effects of both CYP1A1-metabolized BPD and exogenously supplied (+/-)-anti benzo[a]pyrene-trans-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE). Furthermore, the differential cytotoxicity between XPA and normal cells induced by CYP1A1-metabolized BPD was 8.4-fold greater than that induced by exogenously supplied BPDE. The two cell lines had similar CYP1A1 activities, suggesting that a difference in metabolic potential was not the cause of the differential response to BPD. At comparable cytotoxicity in both XPA and normal cells, BPD treatment induced more mutants and more DNA adducts than BPDE treatment did. At similar levels of DNA adducts in XPA cells, the levels of cytotoxicity induced by CYP1A1-metabolized BPD and exogenously supplied BPDE were similar, but CYP1A1-metabolized BPD induced a threefold higher hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase mutation frequency. In contrast, at similar levels of adducts in CYP1A1-expressing normal cells, BPD induced less cytotoxicity and a lower mutation frequency. DNA adducts were identified and quantified by P-32-postlabeling analyses. The principal adduct formed by both CYP1A1-metabolized BPD and exogenously supplied BPDE was 10-beta-(deoxyguanosin-N-2-yl)-7 beta,8 alpha,9 alpha-trihydroxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene, indicating that the differential effects of BPD- and BPDE-induced adducts were not due to a difference in the types of adducts formed. The results of these studies suggest that CYP1Al-metabolized BPD may form adducts preferentially in transcriptionally active genes or that the intracellular concentration of BPDE may influence the balance between cytotoxicity and mutagenicity (or both). (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 WAYNE STATE UNIV,CTR MOLEC MED & GENET,DETROIT,MI 48201.
WAYNE STATE UNIV,INST CHEM TOXICOL,DETROIT,MI 48201.
NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
RUTGERS STATE UNIV,LAB CELLULAR & BIOCHEM TOXICOL,PISCATAWAY,NJ.
RI States, J./H-4246-2011
FU NCI NIH HHS [CA34469, CA47735]; NCRR NIH HHS [RR03332]
NR 35
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0899-1987
J9 MOL CARCINOGEN
JI Mol. Carcinog.
PD FEB
PY 1995
VL 12
IS 2
BP 91
EP 102
DI 10.1002/mc.2940120206
PG 12
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology
GA QQ424
UT WOS:A1995QQ42400005
PM 7662121
ER
PT J
AU VESELL, ES
GAYLOR, DW
AF VESELL, ES
GAYLOR, DW
TI LIMITATIONS OF PROBIT PLOTS IN PHARMACOGENETICS - REQUIREMENT OF GENETIC
ANALYSES TO TEST HYPOTHESES BASED ON GRAPHICAL METHODS
SO PHARMACOGENETICS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE ANTIPYRINE; THEOPHYLLINE; PROBIT PLOTS; GRAPHICAL METHODS
ID ANTIPYRINE METABOLITE FORMATION; DATA SUGGESTING POLYMORPHISMS;
FREQUENCY-DISTRIBUTIONS; DRUG-METABOLISM; BIMODALITY
C1 US FDA,PUBL HLTH SERV,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
RP VESELL, ES (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,COLL MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,POB 850,HERSHEY,PA 17033, USA.
NR 20
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN
SN 0960-314X
J9 PHARMACOGENETICS
JI Pharmacogenetics
PD FEB
PY 1995
VL 5
IS 1
BP 18
EP 23
DI 10.1097/00008571-199502000-00002
PG 6
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Pharmacology
& Pharmacy
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Pharmacology
& Pharmacy
GA QL060
UT WOS:A1995QL06000002
PM 7773299
ER
PT J
AU HORWITZ, W
AF HORWITZ, W
TI PROTOCOL FOR THE DESIGN, CONDUCT AND INTERPRETATION OF
METHOD-PERFORMANCE STUDIES
SO PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 30th International Conference on Coordination Chemistry
CY JUL 24-29, 1994
CL KYOTO, JAPAN
SP INT UNION PURE & APPL CHEM, SCI COUNCIL JAPAN, CHEM SOC JAPAN, JAPAN SOC COORDINAT CHEM
AB Analytical methods have to be validated in order that they could stand up both to severe professional examination and legal challenge. The revised protocol incorporates the changes suggested following the experience gained by the use internationally of the First Protocol, cf. Pure Appl. Chem., 60, 855-864 (1988). Also incorporated are minor editorial revisions to improved readability of the First Protocol.
RP HORWITZ, W (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,HFS 500,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 3
TC 346
Z9 355
U1 1
U2 14
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL
SN 0033-4545
J9 PURE APPL CHEM
JI Pure Appl. Chem.
PD FEB
PY 1995
VL 67
IS 2
BP 331
EP 343
DI 10.1351/pac199567020331
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA QG308
UT WOS:A1995QG30800018
ER
PT J
AU HANSEN, DK
GRAFTON, TF
CROSS, DR
JAMES, SJ
AF HANSEN, DK
GRAFTON, TF
CROSS, DR
JAMES, SJ
TI PARTIAL ATTENUATION OF HYDROXYUREA-INDUCED EMBRYOTOXICITY BY
DEOXYRIBONUCLEOTIDES IN MOUSE AND RAT EMBRYOS TREATED IN-VITRO
SO TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
LA English
DT Article
ID T-LYMPHOMA CELLS; DNA-SYNTHESIS; RIBONUCLEOTIDE REDUCTASE; TRIPHOSPHATE
POOLS; MAMMALIAN EMBRYOS; ORGANOGENESIS; INVITRO; TERATOGENESIS;
METABOLISM; PROTECTION
AB Hydroxyurea (HU) is a well known developmental toxicant in all animal species tested. It inhibits DNA synthesis, and addition of deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP) has been shown previously to attenuate the developmental toxicant effects of HU in vivo. The purpose of the present investigation was to determine whether addition of deoxyadenosine monophosphate (dAMP) or dCMP would attenuate HU-induced embryotoxicity using a rodent whole embryo culture system. Rat embryos were removed on the morning of day 10 of gestation, and mouse embryos were removed on day 8 of gestation (day 0 = the day a vaginal plug was found). Embryos were treated with various concentrations of HU (up to 500 mu g/ml) for 1 hr at 37 degrees C before being washed and cultured for 43 hr in rat serum containing dAMP or dCMP. At the end of the culture period, six endpoints were evaluated for each viable embryo: morphological score; number of somite pairs; crown-rump and head lengths, DNA and protein contents. HU (300 mu g/ml) significantly decreased values for all endpoints in embryos from both mice and rats; however, mouse embryos appeared to be more sensitive to the effects of the drug. dAMP and dCMP alone produced some embryotoxicity at high concentrations. The combination of HU + dAMP had no consistent beneficial effect in rat embryos and no effect on mouse embryos. The combination of HU + dCMP improved growth and development slightly. As determined by HPLC analysis, HU treatment (300 mu g/ml for 1 hr) decreased all nucleotide pools. Subsequent treatment with dAMP increased all pool levels, although these levels remained below those of control embryos. These results suggest that the developmental toxicant effects of HU are not due solely to alterations in deoxyribonucleotide pool levels.
C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NUTR TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
RP HANSEN, DK (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 47
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0887-2333
J9 TOXICOL IN VITRO
JI Toxicol. Vitro
PD FEB
PY 1995
VL 9
IS 1
BP 11
EP 19
DI 10.1016/0887-2333(94)00192-W
PG 9
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA QN985
UT WOS:A1995QN98500003
PM 20650058
ER
PT J
AU GUO, ZP
YU, MW
AF GUO, ZP
YU, MW
TI HEPATITIS-C VIRUS-RNA IN FACTOR-VIII CONCENTRATES
SO TRANSFUSION
LA English
DT Article
ID NON-B-HEPATITIS; NON-A; VIRAL-HEPATITIS; ANTIBODY; HEMOPHILIACS;
TRANSMISSION; TRANSFUSION; RECIPIENTS; PREVALENCE; SAFETY
AB Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA was measured in commercial factor VIII concentrates, that is, antihemophilic factor (human) (AHF), to allow the retrospective evaluation of the effect of various virus-inactivation procedures. The impact on AHF of recent anti-HCV screening of plasma was also investigated.
Study Design and Methods: A total of 183 lots of AHF made by six United States-licensed manufacturers from anti-HCV-unscreened (1976-1991) or screened (1992-1993) plasma were examined. Detection and quantitation of HCV RNA were achieved by reverse transcription and nested polymerase chain reaction at limiting dilution. Anti-HCV in AHF was also measured.
Results: Earlier AHF lots subjected to non-virus-inactivated treatment (36 lots), dry heat (11 lots), or heating in n-heptane (4 lots) had relatively high levels of HCV RNA. Most (76%) wet-heated lots prepared before 1992 contained HCV RNA. No HCV RNA was detected in lots purified by immunoaffinity and subsequently heated or solvent/detergent (S/D)-treated. However, trace levels of HCV RNA were detected in S/D-treated lots made by one of four manufacturers before 1992. Since the start of anti-HCV plasma screening in 1992, 38 lots prepared by six manufacturers were negative for HCV RNA. Prevalence of anti-HCV was also associated with earlier concentrates and with S/D-treated lots from that single manufacturer.
Conclusion: Anti-HCV screening of plasma by manufacturers in conjunction with current virus-inactivation procedures, wet-heating or S/D treatment (either process with or without affinity purification), appears to reduce HCV RNA to undetectable levels in AHF.
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,PLASMA DERIVAT LAB,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852.
NR 23
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS
PI BETHESDA
PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749
SN 0041-1132
J9 TRANSFUSION
JI Transfusion
PD FEB
PY 1995
VL 35
IS 2
BP 112
EP 116
DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1995.35295125732.x
PG 5
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA QD664
UT WOS:A1995QD66400006
PM 7825205
ER
PT J
AU TOYOKUNI, S
SAGRIPANTI, JL
HITCHINS, VM
AF TOYOKUNI, S
SAGRIPANTI, JL
HITCHINS, VM
TI CYTOTOXIC AND MUTAGENIC EFFECTS OF FERRIC NITRILOTRIACETATE ON L5178Y
MOUSE LYMPHOMA-CELLS
SO CANCER LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE IRON; IRON CHELATE; MUTAGENS; MOUSE LYMPHOMA CELLS; THYMIDINE KINASE
ID SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGES; CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS; FE-NTA; ACID; INDUCTION;
IRON; DNA; RATS; HEMOCHROMATOSIS; NEPHROTOXICITY
AB An iron chelate, ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA), induces renal proximal tubular necrosis that leads to a high incidence of renal adenocarcinoma in rodents. Others have shown that Fe-NTA induces modified DNA base products both in vitro and in vivo. However, Fe-NTA is negative in the Ames Salmonella test with or without S9 activation. The goal of this project was to determine if Fe-NTA is cytotoxic and mutagenic using the L5178Y (TK (+/-)) mouse lymphoma assay. Our experiments showed a relationship between the concentration of Fe-NTA (0 to 1 mM) and the decrease in relative survival. An exposure-dependent increase in the number of mutations was observed with increasing concentrations of Fe-NTA. At 14% relative survival, there was about a 4-fold increase in mutations (trifluorothymidine resistance) over unexposed, control cells. Ferric nitrate or nitrilotriacetic acid alone induced a relatively low 1.5- or 1.1-fold increase in mutation, respectively. Our results establish that Fe-NTA is mutagenic in the L5178Y mouse lymphoma assay system.
C1 US FDA,HFZ 112,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
RI Toyokuni, Shinya/C-1358-2010
OI Toyokuni, Shinya/0000-0002-5757-1109
NR 33
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCI PUBL IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE,
IRELAND
SN 0304-3835
J9 CANCER LETT
JI Cancer Lett.
PD JAN 27
PY 1995
VL 88
IS 2
BP 157
EP 162
DI 10.1016/0304-3835(94)03641-U
PG 6
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA QK298
UT WOS:A1995QK29800005
PM 7874688
ER
PT J
AU NIGHTINGALE, SL
AF NIGHTINGALE, SL
TI FDA ELECTRONIC BULLETIN BOARD
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FESHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 2
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD JAN 25
PY 1995
VL 273
IS 4
BP 279
EP 279
PG 1
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA QC057
UT WOS:A1995QC05700006
PM 7815644
ER
PT J
AU NIGHTINGALE, SL
AF NIGHTINGALE, SL
TI REQUEST FOR COMMENTS ON POLICY ON PROMOTION OF UNAPPROVED USES
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 2
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD JAN 25
PY 1995
VL 273
IS 4
BP 279
EP 279
PG 1
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA QC057
UT WOS:A1995QC05700004
PM 7815644
ER
PT J
AU NIGHTINGALE, SL
AF NIGHTINGALE, SL
TI MORE PEDIATRIC USE INFORMATION WITH PRESCRIPTION DRUGS
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD JAN 25
PY 1995
VL 273
IS 4
BP 279
EP 279
PG 1
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA QC057
UT WOS:A1995QC05700005
PM 7815644
ER
PT J
AU SZARFMAN, A
CHEN, M
BLUM, MD
AF SZARFMAN, A
CHEN, M
BLUM, MD
TI MORE ON FLUOROQUINOLONE ANTIBIOTICS AND TENDON-RUPTURE
SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
LA English
DT Letter
RP SZARFMAN, A (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 2
TC 64
Z9 65
U1 0
U2 1
PU MASS MEDICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115
SN 0028-4793
J9 NEW ENGL J MED
JI N. Engl. J. Med.
PD JAN 19
PY 1995
VL 332
IS 3
BP 193
EP 193
PG 1
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA QB160
UT WOS:A1995QB16000027
PM 7800023
ER
PT J
AU TURNEY, EA
AF TURNEY, EA
TI EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVE STATISTICAL-METHODS FOR LINEAR-MODEL ANALYSIS
TO COMPARE 2 TREATMENTS FOR 24-HOUR BLOOD-PRESSURE RESPONSE - REPLY
SO STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
LA English
DT Letter
RP TURNEY, EA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI W SUSSEX
PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD
SN 0277-6715
J9 STAT MED
JI Stat. Med.
PD JAN 15
PY 1995
VL 14
IS 1
BP 101
EP 102
DI 10.1002/sim.4780140110
PG 2
WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental &
Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Medicine, Research &
Experimental; Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental &
Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Research & Experimental
Medicine; Mathematics
GA QF708
UT WOS:A1995QF70800009
ER
PT J
AU CASHON, RE
ALAYASH, AI
AF CASHON, RE
ALAYASH, AI
TI REACTION OF HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN HBA(0) AND 2 CROSS-LINKED DERIVATIVES WITH
HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE - DIFFERENTIAL BEHAVIOR OF THE FERRYL INTERMEDIATE
SO ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE CROSS-LINKED HEMOGLOBIN; BLOOD SUBSTITUTES; HYDROGEN PEROXIDE; FERRYL
IRON
ID CELL-FREE HEMOGLOBIN; BIS(3,5-DIBROMOSALICYL) FUMARATE;
FUNCTIONAL-PROPERTIES; NITRIC-OXIDE; BINDING; RADICALS; INJURY
AB Functional concerns regarding hemoglobin-based red cell substitutes have generally centered on two parameters: (a) oxygen binding and delivery properties and (b) stabilization of the hemoglobin tetramer to prevent dimerization. Strategic chemical cross-linking and site-directed mutagenesis have produced proteins that have both physiological oxygen binding characteristics and a markedly prolonged retention time in the circulation. The presence of a large amount of redox-active iron outside the red blood cell, however, raises some concerns about the potential for toxic side effects, many involving the production or participation of oxygen free radicals. In the present study, HPLC purified human hemoglobin HbA(0) and two derivatives, one cross-linked between the lysine 99 residues of the alpha subunits (alpha-DBBF) and the other between the lysine 82 residues of the beta subunits (beta-DBBF) were tested for their susceptibility to oxidation and oxidative damage caused by H2O2 We show that chemical cross-linking resulting in alpha-DBBF induces an increased tendency to form ferryl radical in the presence of H2O2 and stabilizes the radical once formed, The in vitro oxidative modification of alpha-DBBF seen here is a plausible mechanism for some of the in vivo toxicities associated with the infusion of this hemoglobin. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc.
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
RP CASHON, RE (reprint author), UNIV MAINE,DEPT BIOCHEM MICROBIOL & MOLEC BIOL,ORONO,ME 04469, USA.
NR 37
TC 56
Z9 56
U1 0
U2 8
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495
SN 0003-9861
J9 ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS
JI Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
PD JAN 10
PY 1995
VL 316
IS 1
BP 461
EP 469
DI 10.1006/abbi.1995.1061
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA QJ933
UT WOS:A1995QJ93300061
PM 7840650
ER
PT J
AU STIBITZ, S
YANG, MS
AF STIBITZ, S
YANG, MS
TI SEMI-RAPID GENOMIC MAPPING OF VIRULENCE GENES IN BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS -
A COMPARISON OF SEVERAL STRAINS
SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 DBP,CBER,FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0730-2312
J9 J CELL BIOCHEM
JI J. Cell. Biochem.
PD JAN 5
PY 1995
SU 19A
BP 119
EP 119
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA QQ997
UT WOS:A1995QQ99700441
ER
PT J
AU STATES, JC
QUAN, TH
REINERS, JJ
CULP, SJ
AF STATES, JC
QUAN, TH
REINERS, JJ
CULP, SJ
TI GENOTOXICOLOGY OF BENZO[A]PYRENE-7,8-DIHYDRODIOL AND
BENZO[A]-PYRENE-7,8-DIHYDRODIOL-9,10-EPOXIDE IN GENETICALLY-ENGINEERED
HUMAN-CELLS
SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 WAYNE STATE UNIV,CTR MOLEC MED & GENET,DETROIT,MI 48201.
WAYNE STATE UNIV,INST CHEM TOXICOL,DETROIT,MI 48201.
NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0730-2312
J9 J CELL BIOCHEM
JI J. Cell. Biochem.
PD JAN 5
PY 1995
SU 19A
BP 191
EP 191
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA QQ997
UT WOS:A1995QQ99700668
ER
PT J
AU SHAHIN, R
LEEF, M
BARBIC, J
AF SHAHIN, R
LEEF, M
BARBIC, J
TI PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY TO BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS INFECTION
SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0730-2312
J9 J CELL BIOCHEM
JI J. Cell. Biochem.
PD JAN 5
PY 1995
SU 19A
BP 239
EP 239
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA QQ997
UT WOS:A1995QQ99700829
ER
PT J
AU GOLDING, B
INMAN, J
BEINING, P
MANISCHEWITZ, J
BLACKBURN, R
GOLDING, H
AF GOLDING, B
INMAN, J
BEINING, P
MANISCHEWITZ, J
BLACKBURN, R
GOLDING, H
TI BRUCELLA-ABORTUS COUPLED TO V3 LOOP PEPTIDES, GENERATES NEUTRALIZING
ANTI-HIV-1 SERUM ANTIBODIES AND MUCOSAL IGA
SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV HEMATOL & VIRAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20014.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0730-2312
J9 J CELL BIOCHEM
JI J. Cell. Biochem.
PD JAN 5
PY 1995
SU 19A
BP 300
EP 300
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA QQ997
UT WOS:A1995QQ99701038
ER
PT J
AU LAPHAM, CK
GOLDING, H
INMAN, J
BLACKBURN, R
GOLDING, B
AF LAPHAM, CK
GOLDING, H
INMAN, J
BLACKBURN, R
GOLDING, B
TI CONJUGATION OF A PEPTIDE FROM THE V3 LOOP OF HIV GP120 TO THE VACCINE
CARRIER BRUCELLA-ABORTUS INDUCES A SPECIFIC, MHC-RESTRICTED CYTOTOXIC
RESPONSE AGAINST HIV GP120
SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 US FDA,CBER DIV VIRAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20014.
US FDA,CBER,DIV HEMATOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014.
NIAID,IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0730-2312
J9 J CELL BIOCHEM
JI J. Cell. Biochem.
PD JAN 5
PY 1995
SU 19A
BP 312
EP 312
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA QQ997
UT WOS:A1995QQ99701081
ER
PT J
AU GOLDING, H
KASLOW, RA
BLACKBURN, R
AF GOLDING, H
KASLOW, RA
BLACKBURN, R
TI ANTI-HLA CROSS-REACTIVE AUTOANTIBODIES IN HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS -
CORRELATION WITH DISEASE PROGRESSION IN MACS STUDY PATIENTS
SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV VIROL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NIH,DMID,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0730-2312
J9 J CELL BIOCHEM
JI J. Cell. Biochem.
PD JAN 5
PY 1995
SU 19A
BP 320
EP 320
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA QQ997
UT WOS:A1995QQ99701114
ER
PT J
AU MEROPOL, NJ
CREAVEN, PJ
PETRELLI, NJ
WHITE, RM
ARBUCK, SG
AF MEROPOL, NJ
CREAVEN, PJ
PETRELLI, NJ
WHITE, RM
ARBUCK, SG
TI SEIZURES ASSOCIATED WITH LEUCOVORIN ADMINISTRATION IN CANCER-PATIENTS
SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
LA English
DT Letter
ID NEUROTOXICITY; FOLATE
C1 ROSWELL PK CANC INST,DEPT SURG,BUFFALO,NY 14263.
US FDA,DIV ONCOL DRUGS & PULM PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NCI,DIV CANC TREATMENT,CANC THERAPY EVALUAT PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
RP MEROPOL, NJ (reprint author), ROSWELL PK CANC INST,DEPT MED,BUFFALO,NY 14263, USA.
NR 15
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 1
PU NATL CANCER INSTITUTE
PI BETHESDA
PA 9030 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814
SN 0027-8874
J9 J NATL CANCER I
JI J. Natl. Cancer Inst.
PD JAN 4
PY 1995
VL 87
IS 1
BP 56
EP 58
DI 10.1093/jnci/87.1.56
PG 3
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA PZ215
UT WOS:A1995PZ21500013
PM 7666465
ER
PT J
AU MAYERS, DL
MIKOVITS, JA
JOSHI, B
HEWLETT, IK
ESTRADA, JS
WOLFE, AD
GARCIA, GE
DOCTOR, BP
BURKE, DS
GORDON, RK
LANE, JR
CHIANG, PK
AF MAYERS, DL
MIKOVITS, JA
JOSHI, B
HEWLETT, IK
ESTRADA, JS
WOLFE, AD
GARCIA, GE
DOCTOR, BP
BURKE, DS
GORDON, RK
LANE, JR
CHIANG, PK
TI ANTI-HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-1 (HIV-1) ACTIVITIES OF
3-DEAZAADENOSINE ANALOGS - INCREASED POTENCY AGAINST
3'-AZIDO-3'-DEOXYTHYMIDINE-RESISTANT HIV-1 STRAINS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID S-ADENOSYLHOMOCYSTEINE HYDROLASE; INHIBITOR; CELL; TARGET; AP-1;
PERTURBATIONS; METHYLATION; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION; METABOLISM
AB 3-Deazaadenosine (DZA), 3-deaza-(+/-)aristeromycin (DZAri), and 3-deazaneplanocin A (DZNep) are powerful modulators of cellular processes. When tested against H9 cells infected acutely with two different strains of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and in the chronically infected monocytoid cell lines U1 and THP-1, the 3-deazanucleosides caused a marked reduction in p24 antigen production. Similar reductions in p24 antigen were seen in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells infected with clinical HIV-1 isolates. Strikingly, in comparing the therapeutic indices between the paired pre- and post-3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) treatment HIV-1 isolates, DZNep and neplanocin A showed an increase of 3- to 18-fold in their potency against AZT-resistant HIV-1 isolates. In H9 cells treated with DZNep and DZAri, the formation of triphosphate nucleotides of DZNep and DZAri was observed. The mode of action of DZNep and DZAri appears complex, at least in part, at the level of infectivity as shown by decreases in syncytia formation in HIV-1-infected H9 cells and at the level of transcription as both drugs inhibited the expression of basal or tat-induced HIV-1 long terminal repeat chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity in stably transfected cell lines. Since DZNep induced in H9 cells a rapid expression of nuclear binding factors that recognize the AP-1 transcription site, the anti-HIV-1 activity of the DZA analogs could partly be the induction of critical factors in the host cells. Thus, the 3-deazanucleoside drugs belong to an unusual class of anti-HIV-1 drugs, which may have therapeutic potential, in particular against AZT-resistant strains.
C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307.
NCI,FREDERICK CANC RES & DEV CTR,PROGRAM RESOURCES INC DYNCORP,FREDERICK,MD 21702.
US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852.
SRA TECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850.
OI /0000-0002-5704-8094
FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-CO-74102]
NR 35
TC 49
Z9 50
U1 0
U2 2
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD JAN 3
PY 1995
VL 92
IS 1
BP 215
EP 219
DI 10.1073/pnas.92.1.215
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA QB238
UT WOS:A1995QB23800044
PM 7816820
ER
PT S
AU Harris, GR
Myers, MR
Gammell, PM
AF Harris, GR
Myers, MR
Gammell, PM
BE Levy, M
Schneider, SC
McAvoy, BR
TI Limitations on the low frequency range of pulsed, thick piezoelectric
disks
SO 1995 IEEE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2
SE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1995 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium
CY NOV 07-10, 1995
CL SEATTLE, WA
SP IEEE, Ultrasonics Ferroelect & Frequency Control Soc
C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU I E E E
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017
SN 1051-0117
BN 0-7803-2940-6
J9 ULTRASON
PY 1995
BP 1323
EP 1326
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BF57F
UT WOS:A1995BF57F00269
ER
PT B
AU Katzper, M
AF Katzper, M
BE Alexopoulos, C
Kang, K
Lilegdon, WR
Goldsman, D
TI Intrinsic dynamics and pharmacometric model discrimination
SO 1995 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1995 Winter Simulation Conference
CY DEC 03-06, 1995
CL ARLINGTON, VA
C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU I E E E
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017
BN 0-7803-3018-8
PY 1995
BP 1066
EP 1072
PG 7
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BE92P
UT WOS:A1995BE92P00161
ER
PT J
AU PURI, RK
LELAND, P
AGGARWAL, BB
AF PURI, RK
LELAND, P
AGGARWAL, BB
TI CONSTITUTIVE EXPRESSION OF HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1 TAT GENE
INHIBITS INTERLEUKIN-2 AND INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR EXPRESSION IN A HUMAN
CD4(+) T-LYMPHOID (H9) CELL-LINE
SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANS-ACTIVATOR GENE; IL-2 RECEPTOR; HTLV-III; ENVELOPE PROTEIN;
SELECTIVE LOSS; HIV-INFECTION; MESSENGER-RNA; GROWTH; GP120; AIDS
AB Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) tat, a trans-activator of the HIV long terminal repeat, is essential for HIV replication and causes inhibition of antigen-mediated T cell proliferation. To understand the mechanism of inhibition of T cell proliferation, we have investigated the regulation of IL-2 production and its receptor expression on a human CD4(+) T lymphoid cell line (H9) transfected with HIV-1 tat gene. When cells were activated by mitogens, as compared to control cells, a significant decrease in both IL-2 mRNA and protein was observed in tat-transfected cells. Similarly, mitogen-induced IL-2R alpha and IL-2R beta mRNA and surface expression of IL-2R alpha and IL-2R beta chains were also significantly decreased in tat-transfected cells compared to control cells. Only IL-2 receptor density was decreased; the affinity of the ligand for the receptor appeared to be unchanged. In contrast to our previous studies with B-lymphoblastoid cell line (purl RK and Aggarwal BB: Cancer Res 1992;52:3787-3790), IL-4R expression was unaltered by HIV tat transfection in the H9 T cell line, indicating a cell type-specific phenomenon. Owing to the central role of IL-2 in immunoregulation, our data suggest that immunosuppressive effects of HIV-1 tat may be mediated at least in part through the inhibition of both IL-2 production and IL-2 receptor expression.
C1 UNIV TEXAS,MD ANDERSON CANC CTR,DEPT CLIN IMMUNOL & BIOL THERAPY,CYTOKINE RES STN,HOUSTON,TX 77030.
RP PURI, RK (reprint author), NIH,US FDA,CBER,DIV CELLULAR & GENE THERAPIES,MOLEC TUMOR BIOL LAB,BLDG 29A,ROOM 2B23,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
RI Aggarwal, Bharat/G-3388-2013
NR 64
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL
PI LARCHMONT
PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538
SN 0889-2229
J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV
JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 11
IS 1
BP 31
EP 40
DI 10.1089/aid.1995.11.31
PG 10
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
GA QE701
UT WOS:A1995QE70100005
PM 7734194
ER
PT J
AU KLINMAN, DM
HAYNES, BF
CONOVER, J
AF KLINMAN, DM
HAYNES, BF
CONOVER, J
TI ACTIVATION OF INTERLEUKIN-4-SECRETING AND INTERLEUKIN-6-SECRETING CELLS
BY HIV-SPECIFIC SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES
SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
LA English
DT Article
ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; STIMULATORY FACTOR-I; NEUTRALIZING
ANTIBODIES; INTERFERON-GAMMA; B-CELLS; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEINS; MURINE
LEISHMANIASIS; GP120; INFECTION; CHIMPANZEES
AB Peptides were synthesized in which the type-specific determinant of the V3 loop region of gp120 (SP10) was expressed C terminal to a conserved T helper epitope (T1) on the same molecule. These T1-SP10 peptides can stimulate both cell-mediated and humoral immune responses. The current work used a novel approach to study the nature and specificity of the response elicited by these peptides. Cytokine-specific ELIspot assays were used to examine the number, kinetics and fine specificity of cells induced to secrete IL-4 and IL-6 in mice immunized with T1-SP10 peptides. Results indicate that the peptides activated cytokine-secreting cells in a dose-dependent manner in vivo. In vitro restimulation experiments demonstrated that both the SP10 and T1 regions contributed to this activation.
Consistent with previous studies, mice sequentially immunized with peptides expressing different V3 loop regions generated B cell responses that were larger and more cross-reactive than those induced by a single peptide. Sequential immunizations had less effect on the number or specificity of the cytokine-producing cells.
C1 DUKE UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT MED,DURHAM,NC 27710.
RP KLINMAN, DM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIRAL PROD,RETROVIRAL IMMUNOL SECT,BLDG 29A,ROOM 3 D 10,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 43447]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI 28662]
NR 45
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL
PI LARCHMONT
PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538
SN 0889-2229
J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV
JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 11
IS 1
BP 97
EP 105
DI 10.1089/aid.1995.11.97
PG 9
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
GA QE701
UT WOS:A1995QE70100012
PM 7734201
ER
PT J
AU ELFORD, H
VANTRIET, B
BLACK, PL
KUNDER, SC
USSERY, MA
MAYHEW, C
GALLICCHIO, VS
AF ELFORD, H
VANTRIET, B
BLACK, PL
KUNDER, SC
USSERY, MA
MAYHEW, C
GALLICCHIO, VS
TI NEW RIBONUCLEOTIDE REDUCTASE INHIBITORS, DIDOX AND TRIMIDOX EXHIBIT ANTI
RETROVIRUS ACTIVITY IN SEVERAL MURINE ANIMAL-MODELS
SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 MOLECULES HLTH INC,RICHMOND,VA.
UNIV KENTUCKY,MED CTR,LEXINGTON,KY.
US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD.
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL
PI LARCHMONT
PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538
SN 0889-2229
J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV
JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir.
PY 1995
VL 11
SU 1
BP S160
EP S160
PG 1
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
GA RQ689
UT WOS:A1995RQ68900385
ER
PT J
AU GOLDING, H
LAPHAM, CK
MANISCHEWITZ, J
BRODER, CC
ROBINSON, J
FABIAN, S
LITTMAN, DR
DIMITROV, DS
AF GOLDING, H
LAPHAM, CK
MANISCHEWITZ, J
BRODER, CC
ROBINSON, J
FABIAN, S
LITTMAN, DR
DIMITROV, DS
TI PMA-INDUCED MODULATION OF ACCESSORY FUSION-RELATED COMPONENTS IN
CD4-EXPRESSING CELLS
SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD.
NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NIAID,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
UNIV CONNECTICUT,HLTH SCI CTR,FARMINGTON,CT.
UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SCH MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL
PI LARCHMONT
PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538
SN 0889-2229
J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV
JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir.
PY 1995
VL 11
SU 1
BP S103
EP S103
PG 1
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
GA RQ689
UT WOS:A1995RQ68900157
ER
PT J
AU HEREDIA, A
SORIANO, V
VALLEJO, A
CASTRO, A
PEDREIRA, J
BRAVO, R
MAS, A
HEWLETT, IK
AF HEREDIA, A
SORIANO, V
VALLEJO, A
CASTRO, A
PEDREIRA, J
BRAVO, R
MAS, A
HEWLETT, IK
TI DETECTION OF HERPESVIRUS LIKE-DNA SEQUENCES IN SPANISH CASES OF
KAPOSIS-SARCOMA
SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 US FDA,CBER,MOLEC VIROL LAB,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
INST SALUD CARLOS 3,MADRID,SPAIN.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL
PI LARCHMONT
PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538
SN 0889-2229
J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV
JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir.
PY 1995
VL 11
SU 1
BP S154
EP S154
PG 1
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
GA RQ689
UT WOS:A1995RQ68900361
ER
PT J
AU HEREDIA, A
SORIANO, V
VALLEJO, A
MAS, A
ALTISENT, C
DIETRICH, U
BRAVO, R
TUSSELL, J
AF HEREDIA, A
SORIANO, V
VALLEJO, A
MAS, A
ALTISENT, C
DIETRICH, U
BRAVO, R
TUSSELL, J
TI VIROLOGICAL MARKERS ASSOCIATED WITH RAPID AND SLOW PROGRESSION IN HIV-1
INFECTION
SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,MOLEC VIROL LAB,BETHESDA,MD.
INST SALUD CARLOS III,MADRID,SPAIN.
HOSP GEN VALLE HEBRON,BARCELONA,SPAIN.
GEORGE SPEYER HAUS INST,FRANKFURT,GERMANY.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL
PI LARCHMONT
PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538
SN 0889-2229
J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV
JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir.
PY 1995
VL 11
SU 1
BP S148
EP S148
PG 1
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
GA RQ689
UT WOS:A1995RQ68900334
ER
PT J
AU LIN, JX
MIGONE, TS
TSANG, M
FRIEDMANN, M
WEATHERBEE, JA
ZHOU, L
YAMAUCHI, A
BLOOM, ET
MIETZ, J
JOHN, S
LEONARD, WJ
AF LIN, JX
MIGONE, TS
TSANG, M
FRIEDMANN, M
WEATHERBEE, JA
ZHOU, L
YAMAUCHI, A
BLOOM, ET
MIETZ, J
JOHN, S
LEONARD, WJ
TI ROLE OF SHARED RECEPTOR MOTIFS IN THE INDUCTION OF COMMON STAT PROTEINS
- POTENTIAL CONTRIBUTION IN DETERMINING CYTOKINE SPECIFICITY
SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 NHLBI,MOLEC IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
RES & DEV SYST,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55413.
US FDA,CBER,DIV CELL & GENE THERAPY,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL
PI LARCHMONT
PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538
SN 0889-2229
J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV
JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir.
PY 1995
VL 11
SU 1
BP S124
EP S124
PG 1
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
GA RQ689
UT WOS:A1995RQ68900238
ER
PT J
AU MIRESKANDARI, A
REID, RL
KASHANCHI, F
DITTMER, J
BRADY, JN
AF MIRESKANDARI, A
REID, RL
KASHANCHI, F
DITTMER, J
BRADY, JN
TI INTERACTION OF TAX(1) WITH A NOVEL LYMPHOCYTE-SPECIFIC PROTEIN
ASSOCIATED WITH THE CDC2/CYCLIN-B COMPLEX
SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 NCI,MOLEC VIROL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CLIN TRIAL DESIGN & ANAL,ONCOL BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL
PI LARCHMONT
PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538
SN 0889-2229
J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV
JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir.
PY 1995
VL 11
SU 1
BP S125
EP S125
PG 1
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
GA RQ689
UT WOS:A1995RQ68900244
ER
PT J
AU VALLEJO, A
BRAVO, R
HEREDIA, A
SORIANO, V
DRONDA, F
HEWLETT, IK
AF VALLEJO, A
BRAVO, R
HEREDIA, A
SORIANO, V
DRONDA, F
HEWLETT, IK
TI SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS OF THE V1/V2 AND V3 DOMAINS IN AN HIV SERONEGATIVE
AIDS-PATIENT
SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 US FDA,CBER,MOLEC VIROL LAB,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
INST SALUD CARLOS 3,DEPT INFECT DIS,MADRID,SPAIN.
HOSP GEN PENITENCIARIO,DEPT MICROBIOL,MADRID,SPAIN.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL
PI LARCHMONT
PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538
SN 0889-2229
J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV
JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir.
PY 1995
VL 11
SU 1
BP S110
EP S110
PG 1
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
GA RQ689
UT WOS:A1995RQ68900183
ER
PT J
AU WEISS, SH
DENNY, TN
MONEL, R
HEREDIA, A
COWAN, EP
HEWLETT, IK
AF WEISS, SH
DENNY, TN
MONEL, R
HEREDIA, A
COWAN, EP
HEWLETT, IK
TI IMMUNOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL PHENOMENA AMONG PERSONS AT HIGH-RISK FOR
HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 UNIV MED & DENT NEW JERSEY,NEW JERSEY MED SCH,NEWARK,NJ 07103.
US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL
PI LARCHMONT
PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538
SN 0889-2229
J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV
JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir.
PY 1995
VL 11
SU 1
BP S129
EP S129
PG 1
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
GA RQ689
UT WOS:A1995RQ68900258
ER
PT J
AU KULKARNI, AB
WARD, JM
YASWEN, L
MACKALL, CL
BAUER, SR
HUH, CG
GRESS, RE
KARLSSON, S
AF KULKARNI, AB
WARD, JM
YASWEN, L
MACKALL, CL
BAUER, SR
HUH, CG
GRESS, RE
KARLSSON, S
TI TRANSFORMING GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA-1 NULL MICE - AN ANIMAL-MODEL FOR
INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BETA TGF-BETA; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; AUTOIMMUNE-DISEASES; T-CELLS;
B-CELLS; EXPRESSION; ANTIGENS; MOUSE; GENE; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA-1
AB Approximately 40% of transforming growth factor-beta 1 null (knockout) mice generated in our laboratory develop normally to term, but 60% die in utero. The animals appear normal during the first 2 weeks of life but develop a rapid wasting syndrome and die by 3 to 4 weeks of age. All of the knockout mice have a multifocal inflammatory disease in many tissues. The heart and lungs are most severely affected. Increased adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelium of pulmonary veins is the initial lesion seen at day 8 postnatally and is soon followed by perivascular cuffing as well as inflammatory infiltrates in lung parenchyma. The lesions in the heart begin as endocarditis and then progress to myocarditis and pericarditis. Within the lung, chronic inflammatory infiltrates consist of T and B lymphocytes, including plasma cells, whereas macrophages are the primary inflammatory cell type in the heart. Increased expression of major histocompatibility complex class I and II proteins in seen in pulmonary vascular endothelium as early as day 8. An immunoblastic response in mediastinal and mandibular lymphnodes and spleen is also seen. In the absence of any pathogens, this massive inflammatory disease, together with overexpression of major histocompatibility complex class I and II proteins and overproduction of immunoglobulins by lymphocytes, offers circumstantial evidence for an autoimmune etiology.
C1 NINCDS,MOLEC & MED GENET SECT,DEV & METAB NEUROL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NCI,VET & TUMOR PATHOL SECT,OFF LAB ANIM SCI,FREDERICK,MD.
NCI,EXPTL IMMUNOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CELLULAR & GENE THERAPIES,BETHESDA,MD.
RI Bauer, Steven/G-5559-2012
FU NCI NIH HHS [N0-1-CO-74102]
NR 36
TC 133
Z9 138
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC
PI BALTIMORE
PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-3993
SN 0002-9440
J9 AM J PATHOL
JI Am. J. Pathol.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 146
IS 1
BP 264
EP 275
PG 12
WC Pathology
SC Pathology
GA QA902
UT WOS:A1995QA90200030
PM 7856732
ER
PT J
AU BEDFORD, RF
AF BEDFORD, RF
TI UNTITLED - EDITORIAL
SO ANESTHESIOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP BEDFORD, RF (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,PILOT DRUG EVALUAT STAFF,ROCKVILLE,MD, USA.
NR 0
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQUARE, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106
SN 0003-3022
J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY
JI Anesthesiology
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 82
IS 1
BP A33
EP A33
PG 1
WC Anesthesiology
SC Anesthesiology
GA QC460
UT WOS:A1995QC46000001
PM 7832331
ER
PT J
AU KESSLER, DA
AF KESSLER, DA
TI THE EVOLUTION OF NATIONAL NUTRITION POLICY
SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUTRITION
LA English
DT Review
DE DIETARY GUIDELINES; FOOD LABELS; HEALTH CLAIMS; NUTRITION MONITORING
AB Domestic regulatory efforts in the area of nutrition historically have focused on achieving and sustaining the highest possible level of food safety and availability. More recently, the linkages between certain dietary practices and the risk of chronic, degenerative diseases have also become a significant focus of public policy.
In order to promote good nutrition practices, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) now requires a detailed and informative Nutrition Facts food label on virtually all food packages. Other public policies promoted by the FDA and others include increasing public knowledge of the relationship between diet and health; promoting unified food and nutrition policies among all government agencies; educating the American consumer about sound dietary practices; and encouraging the development of technologies that may result in more healthful, more abundant, and more affordable foods.
RP KESSLER, DA (reprint author), US FDA,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 25
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC
PI PALO ALTO
PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139
SN 0199-9885
J9 ANNU REV NUTR
JI Annu. Rev. Nutr.
PY 1995
VL 15
BP R13
EP R26
DI 10.1146/annurev.nu.15.070195.005033
PG 14
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA RN118
UT WOS:A1995RN11800001
PM 8527212
ER
PT S
AU WITIAK, DT
HERMAN, EH
AF WITIAK, DT
HERMAN, EH
BE Priebe, W
TI AMELIORATION OF ANTHRACYCLINE-INDUCED CARDIOTOXICITY BY
ORGANIC-CHEMICALS
SO ANTHRACYCLINE ANTIBIOTICS: NEW ANALOGUES, METHODS OF DELIVERY, AND
MECHANISMS OF ACTION
SE ACS Symposium Series
LA English
DT Review
CT Symposium on Anthracycline Antibiotics - New Analogues, Methods of
Delivery, and Mechanisms and Action, at the 205th National Meeting of
the American-Chemical-Society
CY MAR 28-APR 02, 1993
CL DENVER, CO
SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV CARBOHYDRATE CHEM
ID CHRONIC DOXORUBICIN CARDIOTOXICITY; ADRIAMYCIN-INDUCED CARDIOTOXICITY;
SYRIAN GOLDEN-HAMSTERS; AGENT ICRF-187
(+)-1,2-BIS(3,5-DIOXOPIPERAZINYL-1-YL)PROPANE; CHRONIC DAUNORUBICIN
CARDIOTOXICITY; INDUCED CARDIAC TOXICITY; N-ACYL DEHYDROALANINES;
LUNG-CARCINOMA MODEL; VITAMIN-E; INDUCED CARDIOMYOPATHY
AB The amelioration of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity by numerous organic chemicals is discussed. These include ion regulators, receptor site antagonists, and inhibitors of mediator release, energy regulators, enzyme inhibitors, membrane stabilizers, anthracycline uptake inhibitors, and inactivators, antioxidants and chelating materials, and various miscellaneous substances. Of these the bis(2,6-dioxopiperazine)s remain as the potentially most useful drugs.
C1 US FDA, DIV RES & TESTING, LAUREL, MD 20708 USA.
RP UNIV WISCONSIN, SCH PHARM, MADISON, WI 53706 USA.
NR 185
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0097-6156
BN 0-8412-3040-4
J9 ACS SYM SER
JI ACS Symp. Ser.
PY 1995
VL 574
BP 268
EP 299
PG 32
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry,
Multidisciplinary; Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology &
Pharmacy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry;
Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA BB95Z
UT WOS:A1995BB95Z00018
ER
PT J
AU SHIRAI, A
CONOVER, J
KLINMAN, DM
AF SHIRAI, A
CONOVER, J
KLINMAN, DM
TI INCREASED ACTIVATION AND ALTERED RATIO OF INTERFERON-GAMMA -
INTERLEUKIN-4 SECRETING CELLS IN MRL-LPR/LPR MICE
SO AUTOIMMUNITY
LA English
DT Article
DE CYTOKINE LYMPHOKINE; IL-4; GAMMA IFN; SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS;
MRL-LPR/LPR MICE
AB Cytokine specific ELIspot assays were used to monitor the number of cells secreting IL-4 and IFN gamma in MRL-lpr/lpr mice of different ages. The cytokine repertoire expressed by MRL-lpr/lpr mice was skewed towards the over-production of IFN gamma (and away from IL-4) when compared to that of MRL-+/-/+/- and BALB/c mice. With increasing age and disease severity, the ratio of IFN gamma: IL-4 secreting cells rose in MRL-lpr/lpr mice but decreased in normal animals. This changing ratio of IFN gamma: IL-4 secreting cells correlated with changes in the ratio of IgG2a: IgG1 secreting cells in these mice. Our findings suggest that cytokine secreting CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells are hyperactivated in young MRL-lpr/lpr mice, and that disease progression is associated with a disruption in the normal ratio of Thl: Th2 production in vivo.
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIRAL PROD,RETROVIRAL IMMUNOL SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NR 0
TC 35
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 0
PU HARWOOD ACAD PUBL GMBH
PI READING
PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL
SN 0891-6934
J9 AUTOIMMUNITY
JI Autoimmunity
PY 1995
VL 21
IS 2
BP 107
EP 116
DI 10.3109/08916939508993357
PG 10
WC Immunology
SC Immunology
GA TJ885
UT WOS:A1995TJ88500004
PM 8679898
ER
PT B
AU Williams, RL
AF Williams, RL
BE Blume, HH
Midha, KK
TI Regulatory concerns about highly variable drugs,
bioequivalence/interchangeability
SO BIO-INTERNATIONAL 2: BIOAVAILABILITY, BIOEQUIVALENCE AND PHARMACOKINETIC
STUDIES
SE F.I.P. PAPERBACK
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference of FIP Bio-International 94
CY JUN 15-17, 1994
CL MUNICH, GERMANY
SP Federat Int Pharmaceut, Amer Assoc Pharm Scientists, US FDA, Canadian Hlth Protect Branch, European Federat Pharm Sci, Bundesgesundheitsamt, Germany, Acad Pharm Sci & Technol, Japan, Dutch Med Evaluat Boards, Zentrallaboratorium Deut Apotheker, Germany
C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MEDPHARM GMBH SCIENTIFIC PUBL
PI STUTTGART
PA BIRKENWALDSTRASSE 44, D-7000 STUTTGART, GERMANY
BN 3-88763-040-8
J9 F I P PAPERBACK
PY 1995
BP 147
EP 148
PG 2
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA BF14S
UT WOS:A1995BF14S00015
ER
PT B
AU Ludden, TM
AF Ludden, TM
BE Blume, HH
Midha, KK
TI Regulatory requirements for bioavailability studies of new active
substances .2.
SO BIO-INTERNATIONAL 2: BIOAVAILABILITY, BIOEQUIVALENCE AND PHARMACOKINETIC
STUDIES
SE F.I.P. PAPERBACK
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference of FIP Bio-International 94
CY JUN 15-17, 1994
CL MUNICH, GERMANY
SP Federat Int Pharmaceut, Amer Assoc Pharm Scientists, US FDA, Canadian Hlth Protect Branch, European Federat Pharm Sci, Bundesgesundheitsamt, Germany, Acad Pharm Sci & Technol, Japan, Dutch Med Evaluat Boards, Zentrallaboratorium Deut Apotheker, Germany
C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MEDPHARM GMBH SCIENTIFIC PUBL
PI STUTTGART
PA BIRKENWALDSTRASSE 44, D-7000 STUTTGART, GERMANY
BN 3-88763-040-8
J9 F I P PAPERBACK
PY 1995
BP 181
EP 181
PG 1
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA BF14S
UT WOS:A1995BF14S00021
ER
PT B
AU Lesko, LT
AF Lesko, LT
BE Blume, HH
Midha, KK
TI Bioavailability and bioequivalence of modified release dosage forms:
General concepts
SO BIO-INTERNATIONAL 2: BIOAVAILABILITY, BIOEQUIVALENCE AND PHARMACOKINETIC
STUDIES
SE F.I.P. PAPERBACK
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference of FIP Bio-International 94
CY JUN 15-17, 1994
CL MUNICH, GERMANY
SP Federat Int Pharmaceut, Amer Assoc Pharm Scientists, US FDA, Canadian Hlth Protect Branch, European Federat Pharm Sci, Bundesgesundheitsamt, Germany, Acad Pharm Sci & Technol, Japan, Dutch Med Evaluat Boards, Zentrallaboratorium Deut Apotheker, Germany
C1 US FDA,OFF GENER DRUGS,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MEDPHARM GMBH SCIENTIFIC PUBL
PI STUTTGART
PA BIRKENWALDSTRASSE 44, D-7000 STUTTGART, GERMANY
BN 3-88763-040-8
J9 F I P PAPERBACK
PY 1995
BP 211
EP 217
PG 7
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA BF14S
UT WOS:A1995BF14S00025
ER
PT B
AU Malinowski, HJ
AF Malinowski, HJ
BE Blume, HH
Midha, KK
TI In vivo in vitro correlation: How to assess dissolution specifications
for quality control - Cases of non-correlation, alternative approaches
SO BIO-INTERNATIONAL 2: BIOAVAILABILITY, BIOEQUIVALENCE AND PHARMACOKINETIC
STUDIES
SE F.I.P. PAPERBACK
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference of FIP Bio-International 94
CY JUN 15-17, 1994
CL MUNICH, GERMANY
SP Federat Int Pharmaceut, Amer Assoc Pharm Scientists, US FDA, Canadian Hlth Protect Branch, European Federat Pharm Sci, Bundesgesundheitsamt, Germany, Acad Pharm Sci & Technol, Japan, Dutch Med Evaluat Boards, Zentrallaboratorium Deut Apotheker, Germany
C1 US FDA,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MEDPHARM GMBH SCIENTIFIC PUBL
PI STUTTGART
PA BIRKENWALDSTRASSE 44, D-7000 STUTTGART, GERMANY
BN 3-88763-040-8
J9 F I P PAPERBACK
PY 1995
BP 311
EP 316
PG 6
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA BF14S
UT WOS:A1995BF14S00036
ER
PT B
AU Williams, RL
AF Williams, RL
BE Blume, HH
Midha, KK
TI Key aspects for general concept
SO BIO-INTERNATIONAL 2: BIOAVAILABILITY, BIOEQUIVALENCE AND PHARMACOKINETIC
STUDIES
SE F.I.P. PAPERBACK
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference of FIP Bio-International 94
CY JUN 15-17, 1994
CL MUNICH, GERMANY
SP Federat Int Pharmaceut, Amer Assoc Pharm Scientists, US FDA, Canadian Hlth Protect Branch, European Federat Pharm Sci, Bundesgesundheitsamt, Germany, Acad Pharm Sci & Technol, Japan, Dutch Med Evaluat Boards, Zentrallaboratorium Deut Apotheker, Germany
C1 US FDA,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MEDPHARM GMBH SCIENTIFIC PUBL
PI STUTTGART
PA BIRKENWALDSTRASSE 44, D-7000 STUTTGART, GERMANY
BN 3-88763-040-8
J9 F I P PAPERBACK
PY 1995
BP 317
EP 318
PG 2
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA BF14S
UT WOS:A1995BF14S00037
ER
PT B
AU Shah, VP
Midha, KK
AF Shah, VP
Midha, KK
BE Blume, HH
Midha, KK
TI Analytical methods validation, onwards from Arlington 1990
SO BIO-INTERNATIONAL 2: BIOAVAILABILITY, BIOEQUIVALENCE AND PHARMACOKINETIC
STUDIES
SE F.I.P. PAPERBACK
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference of FIP Bio-International 94
CY JUN 15-17, 1994
CL MUNICH, GERMANY
SP Federat Int Pharmaceut, Amer Assoc Pharm Scientists, US FDA, Canadian Hlth Protect Branch, European Federat Pharm Sci, Bundesgesundheitsamt, Germany, Acad Pharm Sci & Technol, Japan, Dutch Med Evaluat Boards, Zentrallaboratorium Deut Apotheker, Germany
C1 US FDA,OFF GENER DRUGS,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU MEDPHARM GMBH SCIENTIFIC PUBL
PI STUTTGART
PA BIRKENWALDSTRASSE 44, D-7000 STUTTGART, GERMANY
BN 3-88763-040-8
J9 F I P PAPERBACK
PY 1995
BP 321
EP 324
PG 4
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA BF14S
UT WOS:A1995BF14S00038
ER
PT B
AU Ludden, TM
AF Ludden, TM
BE Blume, HH
Midha, KK
TI Estimation of limit of quantification
SO BIO-INTERNATIONAL 2: BIOAVAILABILITY, BIOEQUIVALENCE AND PHARMACOKINETIC
STUDIES
SE F.I.P. PAPERBACK
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference of FIP Bio-International 94
CY JUN 15-17, 1994
CL MUNICH, GERMANY
SP Federat Int Pharmaceut, Amer Assoc Pharm Scientists, US FDA, Canadian Hlth Protect Branch, European Federat Pharm Sci, Bundesgesundheitsamt, Germany, Acad Pharm Sci & Technol, Japan, Dutch Med Evaluat Boards, Zentrallaboratorium Deut Apotheker, Germany
C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MEDPHARM GMBH SCIENTIFIC PUBL
PI STUTTGART
PA BIRKENWALDSTRASSE 44, D-7000 STUTTGART, GERMANY
BN 3-88763-040-8
J9 F I P PAPERBACK
PY 1995
BP 387
EP 387
PG 1
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA BF14S
UT WOS:A1995BF14S00046
ER
PT B
AU CERNIGLIA, CE
SOMERVILLE, CC
AF CERNIGLIA, CE
SOMERVILLE, CC
BE Spain, JC
TI REDUCTIVE METABOLISM OF NITROAROMATIC AND NITROPOLYCYCLIC AROMATIC
HYDROCARBONS
SO BIODEGRADATION OF NITROAROMATIC COMPOUNDS
SE ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Symposium on Degradation of Nitroaromatic Compounds
CY MAY 22-23, 1994
CL LAS VEGAS, NV
SP USAF, Off Sci Res
C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
NR 0
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 2
PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
BN 0-306-45014-3
J9 ENVIR SCI R
PY 1995
VL 49
BP 99
EP 115
PG 17
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Engineering, Multidisciplinary;
Environmental Sciences; Microbiology; Toxicology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Engineering; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Microbiology; Toxicology
GA BD33M
UT WOS:A1995BD33M00007
ER
PT J
AU MEDLOCK, KL
BRANHAM, WS
SHEEHAN, DM
AF MEDLOCK, KL
BRANHAM, WS
SHEEHAN, DM
TI EFFECTS OF THE TRIPHENYLETHYLENE ANTIESTROGEN, TOREMIFENE, ON POSTNATAL
RAT UTERINE GROWTH AND DIFFERENTIATION
SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION
PI MADISON
PA 1526 JEFFERSON ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2106
SN 0006-3363
J9 BIOL REPROD
JI Biol. Reprod.
PY 1995
VL 52
SU 1
BP 114
EP 114
PG 1
WC Reproductive Biology
SC Reproductive Biology
GA RD902
UT WOS:A1995RD90200231
ER
PT J
AU HENDRY, WJ
DEBROT, BL
ZHENG, XL
BRANHAM, WS
SHEEHAN, DM
AF HENDRY, WJ
DEBROT, BL
ZHENG, XL
BRANHAM, WS
SHEEHAN, DM
TI COMPARISON OF NEONATAL DIETHYLSTILBESTROL VS NEONATAL ESTRADIOL
TREATMENT ON THE FEMALE HAMSTER REPRODUCTIVE-TRACT
SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 WICHITA STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL SCI,WICHITA,KS 67208.
NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DEPT REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION
PI MADISON
PA 1526 JEFFERSON ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2106
SN 0006-3363
J9 BIOL REPROD
JI Biol. Reprod.
PY 1995
VL 52
SU 1
BP 119
EP 119
PG 1
WC Reproductive Biology
SC Reproductive Biology
GA RD902
UT WOS:A1995RD90200248
ER
PT J
AU BRANHAM, WS
FISHMAN, RB
STRECK, RD
SHEEHAN, DM
AF BRANHAM, WS
FISHMAN, RB
STRECK, RD
SHEEHAN, DM
TI EFFECTS OF TAMOXIFEN AND ICI-182,780 ON POSTNATAL RAT UTERINE
DEVELOPMENT
SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION
PI MADISON
PA 1526 JEFFERSON ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2106
SN 0006-3363
J9 BIOL REPROD
JI Biol. Reprod.
PY 1995
VL 52
SU 1
BP 200
EP 200
PG 1
WC Reproductive Biology
SC Reproductive Biology
GA RD902
UT WOS:A1995RD90200574
ER
PT J
AU AHN, H
KODELL, RL
AF AHN, H
KODELL, RL
TI ESTIMATION AND TESTING OF TURNER INCIDENCE RATES IN EXPERIMENTS LACKING
CAUSE-OF-DEATH DATA
SO BIOMETRICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD ESTIMATE; ASYMPTOTIC VARIANCE; CARCINOGENICITY; TUMOR
INCIDENCE RATE
ID SURVIVAL SACRIFICE EXPERIMENTS; ANIMAL CARCINOGENICITY EXPERIMENTS;
MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD ESTIMATORS; TUMOR-INCIDENCE;
NONPARAMETRIC-ESTIMATION; MODEL; ONSET
AB Approximate nonparametric maximum likelihood estimation of the tumor incidence rate and comparison of tumor incidence rates between treatment groups are examined in the context of animal carcinogenicity experiments that have interval sacrifice data but lack cause-of-death information. The estimation procedure introduced by MALANI and VAN RYZIN (1988), which can result in a negative estimate of the tumor incidence rate, is modified by employing a numerical method to maximize the likelihood function iteratively, under the constraint that the tumor incidence rate is nonnegative. With the new procedure, estimates can be obtained even if sacrifices occur anywhere within an interval. The resulting estimates have reduced standard error and give more power to the test of two heterogeneous groups. Furthermore, a linear contrast of more than two groups can be tested using our procedure. The proposed estimation and testing methods are illustrated with an experimental data set.
C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
NR 18
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU AKADEMIE VERLAG GMBH
PI BERLIN
PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0323-3847
J9 BIOMETRICAL J
JI Biom. J.
PY 1995
VL 37
IS 6
BP 745
EP 763
DI 10.1002/bimj.4710370611
PG 19
WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics
GA RP959
UT WOS:A1995RP95900008
ER
PT B
AU Goering, PL
AF Goering, PL
BE Butterworth, FM
Corkum, LD
GuzmanRincon, J
TI Stress proteins - Molecular biomarkers of chemical exposure and toxicity
SO BIOMONITORS AND BIOMARKERS AS INDICATORS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE: A
HANDBOOK
SE ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 47th Conference of the
International-Association-for-Great-Lakes-Research on Biomonitors and
Biomarkers as Indicators of Environmental Change
CY JUN 05-09, 1994
CL WINDSOR, CANADA
SP Int Assoc Great Lakes Res
C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,DIV LIFE SCI,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
BN 0-306-45190-5
J9 ENVIR SCI R
PY 1995
VL 50
BP 217
EP 227
PG 11
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BE34L
UT WOS:A1995BE34L00016
ER
PT J
AU BROWN, ML
VENABLE, RM
PASTOR, RW
AF BROWN, ML
VENABLE, RM
PASTOR, RW
TI A METHOD FOR CHARACTERIZING TRANSITION CONCERTEDNESS FROM POLYMER
DYNAMICS COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS
SO BIOPOLYMERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; LIPID BILAYER; CONFORMATIONAL TRANSITIONS; BROWNIAN
DYNAMICS; MEMBRANES; MODEL; KINETICS; SYSTEM; BUTANE; CHAIN
AB A statistical method based on classifying the transitions among a set of dihedral angles within an ''energy, transfer window'' is developed, and used to analyze Brownian (BD) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the acyl chains in a lipid bilayer, and MD of neat hexadecane. It is shown for the BD simulation that when a transition of the dihedral angle in the center of the chain occurs, a transition of a particular next nearest neighbor (or angle 2-apart) will follow concertedly with a probability of approximately 0.10 within a time window of approximately 3 ps. The MD bilayer simulations, which are based on a more flexible model of the hydrocarbon chains, yield corresponding concerted transition probabilities of approximately 0.083 and window sizes of 1-2 ps. An analysis of angles 4-apart yields concerted transition probabilities of 0.03 and 0.04 for the ED and MD bilayer simulations, respectively, and window sizes close to those of the corresponding 2-apart cases. Statistical hypothesis testing very strongly rejects the assertion that these follower transitions are occurring at random. Similar analysis reveals marginal ol no evidence of concertedness between 1-apart (nearest neighbor) and between 3-apart dihedral angle transitions. The pattern of concertedness for hexadecane is qualitatively similar to that of the lipid chains, although concertedness is somewhat stronger for the 3-apart transitions and somewhat weaker for those 4-apart. Finally, it is suggested that the diffusion of small solute molecules in membranes is better facilitated by nonconcerted transitions, which are associated with relatively large displacements of the chains, than by concerted transitions, which do little to change the chain shape. (C) 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852.
RP BROWN, ML (reprint author), SIMMONS COLL,DEPT MATH,BOSTON,MA 02115, USA.
NR 37
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 1
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0006-3525
J9 BIOPOLYMERS
JI Biopolymers
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 35
IS 1
BP 31
EP 46
DI 10.1002/bip.360350105
PG 16
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA QE535
UT WOS:A1995QE53500004
PM 7696555
ER
PT J
AU MATSUZAWA, M
KRAUTHAMER, V
POTEMBER, RS
AF MATSUZAWA, M
KRAUTHAMER, V
POTEMBER, RS
TI DIRECTIONAL GUIDANCE OF NEURITE OUTGROWTH USING SUBSTRATES PATTERNED
WITH BIOMATERIALS
SO BIOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1993 Meeting of the
International-Society-for-Molecular-Electronics-and-Biocomputing
CY SEP 21-23, 1993
CL GAITHERSBURG, MD
SP INT SOC MOLEC ELECTR & BIOCOMP
DE CULTURE; GUIDANCE OF NEURITE OUTGROWTH; HIPPOCAMPAL NEURONS;
NEUROBLASTOMA CELLS; PATTERNED SUBSTRATE
ID COPLANAR MOLECULAR ASSEMBLIES; NEUROBLASTOMA-CELLS; HIPPOCAMPAL-NEURONS;
GROWTH; STIMULATION; ADHESION; CULTURE
AB The use of geometrically simple networks formed by cultured neurons facilitates the electrophysiological study of biological computation. We used chemically patterned substrates for culturing SK-N-SH human neuroblastoma cells and embryonic rat hippocampal neurons to geometrically control their neurite outgrowth. On patterned substrates (parallel lines, 5-10 mu m width), the neuroblastoma cells developed bipolar morphology with long neuritic processes (similar to 200 mu m) in the presence of retinoic acid. Hippocampal neurons cultured on substrates of hexagonal patterns extended their neurites preferentially along the circumferences of the hexagons and formed geometrically well defined network structures.
C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,APPL PHYS LAB,LAUREL,MD 20703.
US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
FU PHS HHS [N00039-93-C-001]
NR 11
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCI PUBL IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE,
IRELAND
SN 0303-2647
J9 BIOSYSTEMS
JI Biosystems
PY 1995
VL 35
IS 2-3
BP 199
EP 202
DI 10.1016/0303-2647(94)01514-8
PG 4
WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational
Biology
GA RB643
UT WOS:A1995RB64300022
PM 7488716
ER
PT J
AU WANG, SW
KRINKS, M
MOOS, M
AF WANG, SW
KRINKS, M
MOOS, M
TI DNA-SEQUENCING FROM SINGLE PHAGE PLAQUES USING SOLID-PHASE MAGNETIC
CAPTURE
SO BIOTECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
ID PLASMID DNA; AMPLIFICATION
AB Many operations encountered in molecular cloning are labor-intensive and time-consuming. One case that is often troublesome is the subcloning of cDNA clones from lambda gt11 phage into plasmid vectors. In situations where several clones hale been isolated, time could be saved by a means of assessing insert size and sequence unambiguously without subcloning, particularly where degenerate PCR or low-stringency hybridization approaches are taken to identify multiple members of a gene family. We describe a simple and reliable strategy for efficient sequencing of small amounts of lambda phage DNA, lysates or individual phage plaques. The strategy combines the advantages of universal lambda phage primers, rapid air thermal cycling, streptavidin magnetic bend capture of highly purified single-stranded templates and the unparalleled clarity of T7 DNA polymerase sequence. I We routinely obtain 350-500 bases of unambiguous sequence from each reaction. Ir takes only hours from lifting phage plaques to finishing the sequencing reactions. The method provides an alternative to thermal rmnI cycle sequencing that has comparable sensitivity and affords sequence data of much higher clarity.
C1 US FDA,CBER,HFM 527,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852.
RI Moos, Malcolm/F-3673-2011
OI Moos, Malcolm/0000-0002-9575-9938
NR 10
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU EATON PUBLISHING CO
PI NATICK
PA 154 E. CENTRAL ST, NATICK, MA 01760
SN 0736-6205
J9 BIOTECHNIQUES
JI Biotechniques
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 18
IS 1
BP 130
EP &
PG 0
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA QA601
UT WOS:A1995QA60100024
PM 7702838
ER
PT B
AU FRATANTONI, JC
AF FRATANTONI, JC
BE Winslow, RM
Vandegriff, KD
Intaglietta, M
TI DEMONSTRATION OF THE EFFICACY OF THERAPEUTIC AGENT
SO BLOOD SUBSTITUTES: PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF EFFICACY
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd Annual Current Issues in Blood Substitute Research and Development -
1995 Course
CY MAR 30-APR 01, 1995
CL SAN DIEGO, CA
SP UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, DEPT MED & BIOENGN, NIHLBI, USA
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOLOG EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,BETHESDA,MD 20852.
NR 0
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 0
PU BIRKHAUSER BOSTON
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 675 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139-2333
BN 0-8176-3804-0
PY 1995
BP 20
EP 24
PG 5
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA BC91Z
UT WOS:A1995BC91Z00002
ER
PT J
AU Linkins, RW
Mansour, E
Wassif, O
Hassan, MH
Patriarca, PA
AF Linkins, RW
Mansour, E
Wassif, O
Hassan, MH
Patriarca, PA
TI Evaluation of house-to-house versus fixed-site oral poliovirus vaccine
delivery strategies in a mass immunization campaign in Egypt
SO BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
LA English
DT Article
ID POLIOMYELITIS; OUTBREAK
AB Among poliomyelitis eradication activities recommended by WHO are national immunization days, Most campaigns have delivered oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) from fixed sites, reaching 80-90% of target populations. Although house-to-house vaccination provides nearly universal coverage, countries have been reluctant to use this approach because it is considered more costly and logistically difficult. To quantify the cost-effectiveness of both these strategies, we compared the vaccine coverage and vaccination costs per child for house-to-house and fixed-site delivery in a mass campaign in Egypt. While personnel and total costs were higher in house-to-house delivery (38% and 13% higher, respectively), the costs per child vaccinated were similar. This was due primarily to the high coverage levels achieved in house-to-house delivery (100% versus 86%) and the reduced vaccine wastage. Vaccinating children al highest risk of infection was only 25-50% as expensive on a per child basis using house-to-house delivery, since such children were less likely to visit fixed sites, These findings may not be generalizable to other countries where labour costs are higher and the population density lower; however, house-to-house delivery may prove to be the most cost-effective eradication strategy by ensuring universal access to immunization.
C1 CHILD SURVIVAL PROJECT,CAIRO,EGYPT.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD.
RP Linkins, RW (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,NATL IMMUNIZATION PROGRAM,MAILSTOP E-05,ATLANTA,GA 30333, USA.
NR 17
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 2
PU WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
PI GENEVA 27
PA DISTRIBUTION AND SALES, CH-1211 GENEVA 27, SWITZERLAND
SN 0042-9686
J9 B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN
JI Bull. World Health Organ.
PY 1995
VL 73
IS 5
BP 589
EP 595
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA TN134
UT WOS:A1995TN13400003
PM 8846484
ER
PT J
AU POTHULURI, JV
SELBY, A
EVANS, FE
FREEMAN, JP
CERNIGLIA, CE
AF POTHULURI, JV
SELBY, A
EVANS, FE
FREEMAN, JP
CERNIGLIA, CE
TI TRANSFORMATION OF CHRYSENE AND OTHER POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON
MIXTURES BY THE FUNGUS CUNNINGHAMELLA-ELEGANS
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE BOTANIQUE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Mycological Congress
CY AUG 14-21, 1994
CL VANCOUVER, CANADA
SP Int Mycol Assoc, Mycol Soc Amer
DE POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS; PAH MIXTURES; CHRYSENE; CUNNINGHAMELLA
ELEGANS; BIOTRANSFORMATION; OXIDATION
ID METABOLISM; BIODEGRADATION; DETOXIFICATION; PHENANTHRENE; FLUORANTHENE;
PYRENE
AB Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous and persistent environmental pollutants; some are mutagenic, toxic, and carcinogenic and remain a public health concern. We investigated the metabolism of mixtures of PAHs and a tetracyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, chrysene, by the filamentous fungus, Cunninghamella elegans ATCC 36112. Cunninghamella elegans metabolized a mixture of PAHs including the carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, and acenaphthene completely to hydroxylated intermediates within 24 h. The metabolites from the PAH mixtures were similar to those formed in earlier studies of individual PAH compounds. In separate experiments with chrysene, C. elegans metabolized about 45% of the [5,6,11, 12-C-14]chrysene added to cultures during 144 h incubation. The two major metabolites of chrysene were separated by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography and identified by ultraviolet-visible, mass spectral, and H-1-nuclear magnetic resonance techniques as sulfate conjugates of 2,8-dihydroxychrysene and 2-hydroxychrysene. The two major metabolites accounted for about 33% of the total metabolism. The formation of sulfate conjugates of phenolic chrysene metabolites acid glucoside conjugates and hydroxylated products of PAH mixtures by C, elagans may be a detoxification step, because these types of products are generally less toxic than the parent compound.
C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV MICROBIOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
NR 21
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 2
PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA
PI OTTAWA
PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0008-4026
J9 CAN J BOT
JI Can. J. Bot.-Rev. Can. Bot.
PY 1995
VL 73
SU 1 E-H
BP S1025
EP S1033
PG 9
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA TC463
UT WOS:A1995TC46300047
ER
PT J
AU Janz, S
Shacter, E
AF Janz, S
Shacter, E
TI Disposition of the plasmacytomagenic alkane pristane
(2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane) in mice
SO CANCER BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE alkanes; pristane; disposition; metabolism; mouse; plasmacytoma
ID CELLS; RAT; LYMPHOCYTES; FLUIDITY; BILAYERS; DNA
AB The intraperitoneal administration of pristane (2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane) induces peritoneal plasmacytomas in genetically susceptible BALB/c mice. The purpose of this study was to estimate the disposition of an amount of intraperitoneally injected pristane that would conventionally be used in a tumor induction protocol. The distribution of H-3-labeled pristane in various tissues was monitored by liquid scintillation counting at different times after injection. The data show that pristane is present in the blood and detectable in all tested tissues during an observation period of one to 64 days. The levels of pristane fluctuate in some tissues such as lymph node and bone marrow but show a clear tendency to accumulate in others such as liver, spleen and kidney. Evidence is also presented for the in vivo metabolism of pristane based on the observed urinary excretion of tritium and on the high levels of radioactivity in the gall bladder fluid. It is concluded that intraperitoneally administered pristane is distributed throughout the mouse and is stored in tissues in sufficient amounts to allow interactions with the cells residing there.
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
RP Janz, S (reprint author), NCI,GENET LAB,BLDG 37,ROOM 2B09,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
NR 23
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD
PI READING
PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL
SN 0305-7232
J9 CANCER BIOCHEM BIOPH
JI Cancer Biochem. Biophys.
PY 1995
VL 15
IS 1
BP 25
EP 34
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Oncology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Oncology
GA TM193
UT WOS:A1995TM19300004
PM 8536217
ER
PT J
AU KELLOFF, GJ
JOHNSON, JR
CROWELL, JA
BOONE, CW
DEGEORGE, JJ
STEELE, VE
MEHTA, MU
TEMECK, JW
SCHMIDT, WJ
BURKE, G
GREENWALD, P
TEMPLE, RJ
AF KELLOFF, GJ
JOHNSON, JR
CROWELL, JA
BOONE, CW
DEGEORGE, JJ
STEELE, VE
MEHTA, MU
TEMECK, JW
SCHMIDT, WJ
BURKE, G
GREENWALD, P
TEMPLE, RJ
TI APPROACHES TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND MARKETING APPROVAL OF DRUGS THAT
PREVENT CANCER
SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
LA English
DT Review
ID NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS; ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE INDUCTION;
PANCREATIC DUCTAL ADENOCARCINOMAS; POTENTIAL CHEMOPREVENTIVE AGENT;
PROLIFERATIVE BREAST DISEASE; TRACHEAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; MOUSE SKIN
PAPILLOMAS; I CLINICAL-TRIALS; SERUM VITAMIN-E; COLON-CANCER
AB The broad concept of chemoprevention applies to the prevention of clinical cancer by the administration of chemical agents. Current approaches to the development and marketing approval of drugs to prevent cancer are described by a Working Group from the National Cancer Institute and the Food and Drug Administration. A strategy is presented that identifies candidate drugs, with examples that illustrate how drugs are characterized for efficacy through in vitro transformation modulation and mechanistic assays, and in vivo tumor modulation models of carcinogenesis. Requirements and recommendations for safety evaluation in toxicology testing are given, and the evaluation of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic drug effects and potential surrogate end point biomarkers in Phase I trials are discussed. Appropriate subject populations are identified. Phase II trials should emphasize the evaluation of surrogate end point biomarkers that are highly correlated with cancer incidence and may serve as an estimate of cancer incidence reduction. In Phase III trials the interim analysis of a validated surrogate end point of cancer incidence may facilitate timely and cost-effective marketing of efficacious drugs.
C1 NCI,DIV CANC PREVENT & CONTROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 114
TC 100
Z9 103
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W.,
PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106
SN 1055-9965
J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR
JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 4
IS 1
BP 1
EP 10
PG 10
WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA QA971
UT WOS:A1995QA97100001
PM 7894318
ER
PT J
AU CHAMBERLAIN, VC
AF CHAMBERLAIN, VC
BE Rutala, WA
TI WHATS NEW IN THE REGULATION OF CHEMICAL GERMICIDES IN THE UNITED-STATES
FOOD-AND-DRUG-ADMINISTRATION
SO CHEMICAL GERMICIDES IN HEALTH CARE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Symposium on Chemical Germicides in Health Care
CY MAY 26-27, 1994
CL CINCINNATI, OH
SP ASSOC PROFESS INFECT CONTROL & EPIDEMIOL INC, MIAMI VALLEY HOSP
C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC PROFESSIONALS INFECTION CONTROL & EPIDEMIOLOGY INC
PI WASHINGTON
PA WASHINGTON, DC 00000
PY 1995
BP 29
EP 31
PG 3
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA BD11E
UT WOS:A1995BD11E00003
ER
PT S
AU ARMSTRONG, DJ
RAINEY, NH
AF ARMSTRONG, DJ
RAINEY, NH
BE Malin, EL
Tunick, MH
TI Reduced-fat cheese: Regulations and definitions
SO CHEMISTRY OF STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS IN CHEESE
SE ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Chemistry of Structure-Function Relationships in Cheese, at
the 206th Annual Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 23-25, 1993
CL CHICAGO, IL
SP Amer Chem Soc
RP US FDA,DIV FOOD PROC & PACKAGING,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0065-2598
BN 0-306-44982-X
J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL
JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol.
PY 1995
VL 367
BP 367
EP 370
PG 4
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA BD42L
UT WOS:A1995BD42L00026
PM 7572377
ER
PT B
AU SHEININ, EB
AF SHEININ, EB
BE Emran, AM
TI Review of radiopharmaceutical IND's and NDA's
SO CHEMISTS' VIEWS OF IMAGING CENTERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT American-Chemical-Society Symposium on Chemists Views of Imaging
Centers/206th ACS National Meeting
CY AUG 22-27, 1993
CL CHICAGO, IL
SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Nucl Chem & Technol, US DOE, Off Hlth & Environm Res, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Vienna, Bioscan Inc, Washington, CTI Inc, Knoxville, GE Med Syst, Milwaukee, Isotech Inc, Miamisburg, Isotex Inc, Houston
C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
BN 0-306-44912-9
PY 1995
BP 87
EP 96
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology;
Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy;
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA BD92S
UT WOS:A1995BD92S00010
ER
PT B
AU LEVCHUK, JW
AF LEVCHUK, JW
BE Emran, AM
TI Compliance with good manufacturing practice
SO CHEMISTS' VIEWS OF IMAGING CENTERS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT American-Chemical-Society Symposium on Chemists Views of Imaging
Centers/206th ACS National Meeting
CY AUG 22-27, 1993
CL CHICAGO, IL
SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Nucl Chem & Technol, US DOE, Off Hlth & Environm Res, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Vienna, Bioscan Inc, Washington, CTI Inc, Knoxville, GE Med Syst, Milwaukee, Isotech Inc, Miamisburg, Isotex Inc, Houston
C1 US FDA,DMPQ,OC,CDER,STERILE DRUGS BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
BN 0-306-44912-9
PY 1995
BP 97
EP 103
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology;
Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy;
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA BD92S
UT WOS:A1995BD92S00011
ER
PT J
AU RIDER, LG
MILLER, FW
AF RIDER, LG
MILLER, FW
TI LABORATORY EVALUATION OF THE INFLAMMATORY MYOPATHIES
SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID TRANSFER RNA-SYNTHETASE; SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS;
SIGNAL-RECOGNITION PARTICLE; INTERSTITIAL LUNG-DISEASE; SMALL NUCLEAR
RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN; CONNECTIVE-TISSUE DISEASE; HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX
GENES; MYOSITIS-SPECIFIC AUTOANTIBODIES; SOLUBLE INTERLEUKIN-2
RECEPTORS; CREATINE-KINASE ACTIVITY
RP RIDER, LG (reprint author), US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, DIV CELLULAR & GENE THERAPIES,MOLEC IMMUNOL LAB, BLDG 29, ROOM 507, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA.
OI Rider, Lisa/0000-0002-6912-2458; Miller, Frederick/0000-0003-2831-9593
NR 166
TC 34
Z9 35
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 1071-412X
J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN
JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 2
IS 1
BP 1
EP 9
PG 9
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA QA649
UT WOS:A1995QA64900001
PM 7719899
ER
PT J
AU RASTOGI, S
GROSS, PA
BONELLI, J
DRAN, S
LEVANDOWSKI, RA
RUSSO, C
WEKSLER, ME
KAYE, D
LEVISON, M
ABRUTYN, E
MURASKO, D
MOSSEY, J
DEICHMILLER, S
HILSEN, R
AF RASTOGI, S
GROSS, PA
BONELLI, J
DRAN, S
LEVANDOWSKI, RA
RUSSO, C
WEKSLER, ME
KAYE, D
LEVISON, M
ABRUTYN, E
MURASKO, D
MOSSEY, J
DEICHMILLER, S
HILSEN, R
TI TIME TO PEAK SERUM ANTIBODY-RESPONSE TO INFLUENZA VACCINE
SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Note
AB The time to the appearance of a peak serum antibody response to influenza virus vaccine is not clearly defined. We compared the most commonly used time intervals described in the literature-4 and 6 weeks after vaccination. We studied 118 elderly patients from three different geographic sites. The 1992 to 1993 trivalent inactivated influenza virus vaccine containing influenza virus A/Beijing/353/89 (H3N2), influenza virus A/Texas/36/91 (H1N1), and influenza virus B/Panama/45/90 was used. No statistically significant differences were found at the 4- and 6-week intervals after vaccination.
C1 HACKENSACK MED CTR,DEPT INTERNAL MED,HACKENSACK,NJ 07601.
UNIV MED & DENT NEW JERSEY,NEWARK,NJ 07103.
WOODCREST CTR,NEW MILFORD,NJ.
US FDA,NATL CTR DRUGS & BIOL,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20014.
CORNELL UNIV,MED CTR,NEW YORK HOSP,DEPT INTERNAL MED,NEW YORK,NY 10021.
MED COLL PENN,DEPT INTERNAL MED MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129.
FU PHS HHS [223-90-1102]
NR 8
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 1071-412X
J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN
JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 2
IS 1
BP 120
EP 121
PG 2
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA QA649
UT WOS:A1995QA64900022
PM 7719904
ER
PT J
AU BOCKSTAHLER, LE
WERNER, T
FESTL, H
WEIS, S
EINHAEUPL, KM
ERFLE, V
BRACKWERNER, R
AF BOCKSTAHLER, LE
WERNER, T
FESTL, H
WEIS, S
EINHAEUPL, KM
ERFLE, V
BRACKWERNER, R
TI DISTRIBUTION OF HIV GENOMIC DNA IN BRAINS OF AIDS PATIENTS
SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE HIV-1; HIV-1 PROVIRAL DNA; BRAIN; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION;
HIV-1-ASSOCIATED COGNITIVE MOTOR COMPLEX; AIDS DEMENTIA COMPLEX
ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; INFECTION; CELLS; AMPLIFICATION; PCR
AB Background: Data concerning the distribution of HIV in the brains of AIDS patients at different stages of viral infection might contribute towards: (1) understanding the route(s) of HIV entry into the brain and virus dissemination within the brain and (2) establishing a possible correlation between the extent of CNS damage and the distribution of virus in AIDS brains.
Objective: To determine the distribution of HIV-1 genomic DNA within the brains of three deceased AIDS patients by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Study design: The brains of three deceased AIDS patients were examined. Two brains had limited neuropathologic findings (brains I and II), and one brain (brain III) showed primary HIV-specific neuropathologic damage. Tissues were taken from different locations within each brain, and high molecular weight DNA isolated from the tissues was assessed for HIV-1 genomic DNA by PCR.
Results: HIV-1 genomic DNA was found in all three brains, but the amount was low: order of magnitude of 1 viral genome per 1,000 cells. Multiple PCR analyses of DNA from brain I showed that the viral genomic DNA in this brain was non-uniformly distributed; only samples taken from the brainstem were clearly positive for HIV-1. HIV-1 genomic DNA in brain II was found in portions of the lower and upper hemispheres. All but one of the brain III samples were clearly positive for HIV-1, and they had been taken from locations spread throughout this brain.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that in early or latent stages of HIV-infection of the brain, viral genomic DNA is localized at restricted regions. At later stages this DNA is distributed
C1 GSF FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM UMWELT & GESUNDHEIT,INST SAUGETIERGENET,NEUHERBERG,GERMANY.
GSF FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM UMWELT & GESUNDHEIT,INST MOLEC VIROL,NEUHERBERG,GERMANY.
UNIV MUNICH,INST NEUROPATHOL,W-8000 MUNICH,GERMANY.
DEPT NEUROL,MUNICH,GERMANY.
RP BOCKSTAHLER, LE (reprint author), US FDA,CDRH,OST,DLS,MOLEC BIOL BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 15
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0928-0197
J9 CLIN DIAGN VIROL
JI Clin. Diagn. Virol.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 3
IS 1
BP 61
EP 72
DI 10.1016/0928-0197(94)00023-N
PG 12
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA QL865
UT WOS:A1995QL86500006
PM 15566788
ER
PT S
AU Halpern, JL
Neale, EA
AF Halpern, JL
Neale, EA
BE Montecucco, C
TI Neurospecific binding, internalization, and retrograde axonal transport
SO CLOSTRIDIAL NEUROTOXINS: THE MOLECULAR PATHOGENESIS OF TETANUS AND
BOTULISM
SE Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology
LA English
DT Review
ID BOTULINUM TYPE-A; TETANUS TOXIN BINDING; SPINAL-CORD NEURONS; NEUROTOXIN
FORMS CHANNELS; PLANAR LIPID BILAYERS; RAT-BRAIN MEMBRANES;
DIPHTHERIA-TOXIN; FRAGMENT-C; HEAVY-CHAIN; BREFELDIN-A
C1 NICHHD, NIH, DEV NEUROBIOL LAB, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA.
RP Halpern, JL (reprint author), US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BLDG 29, ROOM 103, 8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA.
NR 147
TC 82
Z9 83
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0070-217X
BN 3-540-58452-8
J9 CURR TOP MICROBIOL
JI Curr.Top.Microbiol.Immunol.
PY 1995
VL 195
BP 221
EP 241
PG 21
WC Immunology; Microbiology; Neurosciences
SC Immunology; Microbiology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA BF67W
UT WOS:A1995BF67W00010
PM 8542755
ER
PT S
AU ANTHONY, BF
AF ANTHONY, BF
BE Williams, JC
Goldenthal, KL
Burns, DL
Lewis, BP
TI FDA PERSPECTIVE ON REGULATORY ISSUES IN VACCINE DEVELOPMENT
SO COMBINED VACCINES AND SIMULTANEOUS ADMINISTRATION: CURRENT ISSUES AND
PERSPECTIVES
SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Combined Vaccines and Simultaneous Administration: Current
Issues and Perspectives
CY JUL 28-30, 1993
CL BETHESDA, MD
SP US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Natl Vaccine Program Off, NIH, NIAID, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, WHO
ID EFFICACY
RP ANTHONY, BF (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
NR 7
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 1
PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021
SN 0077-8923
BN 0-89766-863-4
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 1995
VL 754
BP 10
EP 16
DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb44432.x
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious
Diseases; Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious
Diseases; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA BD16V
UT WOS:A1995BD16V00003
PM 7625643
ER
PT S
AU ROBBINS, JB
SCHNEERSON, R
VANN, WF
BRYLA, DA
FATTOM, A
AF ROBBINS, JB
SCHNEERSON, R
VANN, WF
BRYLA, DA
FATTOM, A
BE Williams, JC
Goldenthal, KL
Burns, DL
Lewis, BP
TI PREVENTION OF SYSTEMIC INFECTIONS CAUSED BY GROUP-B STREPTOCOCCUS AND
STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS BY MULTIVALENT POLYSACCHARIDE-PROTEIN CONJUGATE
VACCINES
SO COMBINED VACCINES AND SIMULTANEOUS ADMINISTRATION: CURRENT ISSUES AND
PERSPECTIVES
SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Combined Vaccines and Simultaneous Administration: Current
Issues and Perspectives
CY JUL 28-30, 1993
CL BETHESDA, MD
SP US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Natl Vaccine Program Off, NIH, NIAID, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, WHO
ID INFLUENZAE TYPE-B; CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; PREGNANT-WOMEN; STRUCTURAL
DETERMINATION; IMMUNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; III
POLYSACCHARIDE; IGG ANTIBODY; EXOTOXIN-A; IMMUNOGENICITY
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
UNIVAX BIOL INC,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852.
RP ROBBINS, JB (reprint author), NICHHD,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
NR 66
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 3
PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021
SN 0077-8923
BN 0-89766-863-4
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 1995
VL 754
BP 68
EP 82
DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb44439.x
PG 15
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious
Diseases; Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious
Diseases; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA BD16V
UT WOS:A1995BD16V00010
PM 7625682
ER
PT S
AU GOLDING, B
SCOTT, DE
AF GOLDING, B
SCOTT, DE
BE Williams, JC
Goldenthal, KL
Burns, DL
Lewis, BP
TI VACCINE STRATEGIES - TARGETING HELPER T-CELL RESPONSES
SO COMBINED VACCINES AND SIMULTANEOUS ADMINISTRATION: CURRENT ISSUES AND
PERSPECTIVES
SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Combined Vaccines and Simultaneous Administration: Current
Issues and Perspectives
CY JUL 28-30, 1993
CL BETHESDA, MD
SP US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Natl Vaccine Program Off, NIH, NIAID, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, WHO
ID RETROVIRUS-INDUCED IMMUNODEFICIENCY; CYTOKINE SYNTHESIS PATTERNS;
IFN-GAMMA; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; BRUCELLA-ABORTUS; INTERFERON-GAMMA; TH2
CELLS; PREFERENTIAL ACTIVATION; LEISHMANIA-MAJOR; GENE-EXPRESSION
RP GOLDING, B (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,PLASMA DERIVAT LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
NR 73
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 2
PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021
SN 0077-8923
BN 0-89766-863-4
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 1995
VL 754
BP 126
EP 137
DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb44445.x
PG 12
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious
Diseases; Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious
Diseases; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA BD16V
UT WOS:A1995BD16V00016
PM 7625646
ER
PT S
AU SUTTER, RW
PALLANSCH, MA
SAWYER, LA
COCHI, SL
HADLER, SC
AF SUTTER, RW
PALLANSCH, MA
SAWYER, LA
COCHI, SL
HADLER, SC
BE Williams, JC
Goldenthal, KL
Burns, DL
Lewis, BP
TI DEFINING SURROGATE SEROLOGIC TESTS WITH RESPECT TO PREDICTING PROTECTIVE
VACCINE EFFICACY - POLIOVIRUS VACCINATION
SO COMBINED VACCINES AND SIMULTANEOUS ADMINISTRATION: CURRENT ISSUES AND
PERSPECTIVES
SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Combined Vaccines and Simultaneous Administration: Current
Issues and Perspectives
CY JUL 28-30, 1993
CL BETHESDA, MD
SP US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Natl Vaccine Program Off, NIH, NIAID, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, WHO
ID PARALYTIC POLIOMYELITIS; EPIDEMIC POLIOMYELITIS; ENDEMIC DISEASE;
ANTIBODY; ASSAY; IMMUNOGENICITY; CHILDREN; IMMUNITY; VIRUS
C1 CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,DIV VIRAL & RICKETTSIAL DIS,ATLANTA,GA 30333.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIRAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20852.
RP SUTTER, RW (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,NATL IMMUNIZATION PROGRAM E61,ATLANTA,GA 30333, USA.
NR 61
TC 35
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 2
PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021
SN 0077-8923
BN 0-89766-863-4
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 1995
VL 754
BP 289
EP 299
DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb44462.x
PG 11
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious
Diseases; Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious
Diseases; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA BD16V
UT WOS:A1995BD16V00033
PM 7625665
ER
PT S
AU HORNE, AD
AF HORNE, AD
BE Williams, JC
Goldenthal, KL
Burns, DL
Lewis, BP
TI THE STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS OF IMMUNOGENICITY DATA IN VACCINE TRIALS - A
REVIEW OF METHODOLOGIES AND ISSUES
SO COMBINED VACCINES AND SIMULTANEOUS ADMINISTRATION: CURRENT ISSUES AND
PERSPECTIVES
SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Combined Vaccines and Simultaneous Administration: Current
Issues and Perspectives
CY JUL 28-30, 1993
CL BETHESDA, MD
SP US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Natl Vaccine Program Off, NIH, NIAID, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, WHO
ID HEPATITIS-B VACCINE; INFLUENZAE TYPE-B; PNEUMOCOCCAL-POLYSACCHARIDE
IMMUNIZATION; HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS; CONJUGATE VACCINE; RANDOMIZED
TRIAL; SAFETY; CHILDREN; INFANTS; REACTOGENICITY
RP HORNE, AD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOSTAT & EPIDEMIOL HFM 215,1401 ROCKVILLE PIKE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA.
NR 60
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 2
PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021
SN 0077-8923
BN 0-89766-863-4
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 1995
VL 754
BP 329
EP 346
DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb44466.x
PG 18
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious
Diseases; Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious
Diseases; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA BD16V
UT WOS:A1995BD16V00037
PM 7625669
ER
PT S
AU GOLDENTHAL, KL
BURNS, DL
MCVITTIE, LD
LEWIS, BP
WILLIAMS, JC
AF GOLDENTHAL, KL
BURNS, DL
MCVITTIE, LD
LEWIS, BP
WILLIAMS, JC
BE Williams, JC
Goldenthal, KL
Burns, DL
Lewis, BP
TI OVERVIEW - COMBINATION VACCINES AND SIMULTANEOUS ADMINISTRATION - PAST,
PRESENT, AND FUTURE
SO COMBINED VACCINES AND SIMULTANEOUS ADMINISTRATION: CURRENT ISSUES AND
PERSPECTIVES
SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Combined Vaccines and Simultaneous Administration: Current
Issues and Perspectives
CY JUL 28-30, 1993
CL BETHESDA, MD
SP US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Natl Vaccine Program Off, NIH, NIAID, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, WHO
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,OFF VACCINES RES & REVIEW,VIRAL VACCINES BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CONGRESS & PUBL AFFAIRS,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
RP GOLDENTHAL, KL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VACCINES & RELATED PROD APPLICAT,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
NR 20
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021
SN 0077-8923
BN 0-89766-863-4
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 1995
VL 754
BP R11
EP R15
DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb44430.x
PG 5
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious
Diseases; Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious
Diseases; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA BD16V
UT WOS:A1995BD16V00001
PM 7625640
ER
PT J
AU ZHENG, Q
AF ZHENG, Q
TI A NOTE ON AN APPROXIMATION TO NEYMAN TYPE-A DISTRIBUTIONS
SO COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-SIMULATION AND COMPUTATION
LA English
DT Article
DE TAIL PROBABILITY; STEEPEST DESCENT APPROXIMATION; PROBABILITY GENERATING
FUNCTION
AB This note outlines a steepest descent approximation to the tail probability of the Neyman type A distribution.
C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU MARCEL DEKKER INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016
SN 0361-0918
J9 COMMUN STAT SIMULAT
JI Commun. Stat.-Simul. Comput.
PY 1995
VL 24
IS 4
BP 889
EP 895
DI 10.1080/03610919508813282
PG 7
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA TA776
UT WOS:A1995TA77600007
ER
PT J
AU SANKOH, AJ
AF SANKOH, AJ
TI SMALL-SAMPLE PROPERTIES OF FINITE POPULATION RATIOS
SO COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-SIMULATION AND COMPUTATION
LA English
DT Article
DE BLACKWELL-MACQUEEN SEQUENCE; FINITE POPULATION BAYESIAN BOOTSTRAP; DATA
URN; INTERVAL ESTIMATES; POLYA URN SEQUENCE
ID BAYESIAN BOOTSTRAP
AB Employing Bayesian finite population resampling techniques [referred to as finite population Bayesian bootstrap, FPBB, by Lo 1988], asymptotic posterior distributions of a linear combination of functions of stratum ratios and the corresponding confidence interval estimates are approximated. A straight forward algorithm is provided for the evaluation of the performance of the FPBB approximations to the asymptotic posterior distributions. Monte Carlo simulation is used to construct confidence interval estimates based on the FPBB method and to (graphically) demonstrate the performance of the FPBB method in approximating the asymptotic posterior distributions of functions of ratios using Efron's (1982) Law School data. The results of the Monte Carlo investigations indicate that the FPBB based interval estimates compare favorably with the usual large-sample Bayesian interval estimates even for moderate bootstrap samples.
C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOMETR,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARCEL DEKKER INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016
SN 0361-0918
J9 COMMUN STAT SIMULAT
JI Commun. Stat.-Simul. Comput.
PY 1995
VL 24
IS 4
BP 897
EP 909
DI 10.1080/03610919508813283
PG 13
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA TA776
UT WOS:A1995TA77600008
ER
PT B
AU HERRMANN, DS
AF HERRMANN, DS
GP IEEE
TI A methodology for evaluating, comparing, and selecting software safety
and reliability standards
SO COMPASS '95 - PROCEEDINGS OF THE TENTH ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER
ASSURANCE: SYSTEMS INTEGRITY, SOFTWARE SAFETY, PROCESSES SECURITY,
FORMAL METHODS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Annual Conference on Computer Assurance - Systems Integrity,
Software Safety, Processes Security, Formal Methods (COMPASS 95)
CY JUN 25-29, 1995
CL NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD
SP IEEE, Aerosp & Electr Syst Soc, IEEE, Natl Capital Area Council, Brit Comp Soc, Arca Syst Inc, Comp Associates, CSA Inc, Intermetrics Inc, Logicon Inc, Kaman Sci Corp, NIST, USN, Naval Res Lab, Space & Naval Warfare syst Command, SRI Int, Syst Safety Soc
HO NIST
C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU I E E E
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017
BN 0-7803-2681-4
PY 1995
BP 223
EP 232
DI 10.1109/CMPASS.1995.521901
PG 10
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BD81C
UT WOS:A1995BD81C00020
ER
PT J
AU ABDUSSALAM, M
BRONSTEIN, AM
CHO, SY
CROSS, JH
FARAG, HF
MASSOUD, J
RIM, HJ
SONG, CC
SOMMANI, S
YOKOGAWA, M
HANSEN, J
DOSSANTOS, CAL
RACE, J
ADAMS, A
KAFERSTEIN, FK
KHAMBOONRUANG, C
MOTT, KE
NAQUIRA, C
SIMA, H
YU, SH
AF ABDUSSALAM, M
BRONSTEIN, AM
CHO, SY
CROSS, JH
FARAG, HF
MASSOUD, J
RIM, HJ
SONG, CC
SOMMANI, S
YOKOGAWA, M
HANSEN, J
DOSSANTOS, CAL
RACE, J
ADAMS, A
KAFERSTEIN, FK
KHAMBOONRUANG, C
MOTT, KE
NAQUIRA, C
SIMA, H
YU, SH
TI REPORT OF A WHO STUDY-GROUP
SO CONTROL OF FOODBORNE TREMATODE INFECTIONS
SE WHO TECHNICAL REPORT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
C1 EI MARTSINOVSKII MED PARASITOL & TROP MED INST,DEPT CLIN MED,MOSCOW,RUSSIA.
CHUNG ANG UNIV,COLL MED,DEPT PARASITOL,SEOUL 156756,SOUTH KOREA.
UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,SCH MED,DEPT PREVENT MED & BIOMETR,BETHESDA,MD 20814.
MED RES INST,DEPT PARASITOL,ALEXANDRIA,EGYPT.
MED SCI UNIV,INST PUBL HLTH,DEPT PARASITOL,TEHRAN,IRAN.
KOREA UNIV,COLL MED,INST TROP ENDEM DIS,SEOUL 136701,SOUTH KOREA.
ZHEJIANG ACAD MED SCI,INST PARASIT DIS,HANGZHOU,PEOPLES R CHINA.
MAHIDOL UNIV,FAC TROP MED,DEPT TROP MED,BANGKOK,THAILAND.
JAPAN ASSOC PARASITE CONTROL,TOKYO,JAPAN.
FAO,ANIM HLTH SERV,I-00100 ROME,ITALY.
FAO,DEPT FISHERIES,DIV FISHERY IND,FISH UTILIZAT & MARKETING SERV,I-00100 ROME,ITALY.
NORWEGIAN FOOD CONTROL AUTHOR,CODEX COMM FISH & FISHERY PROD,OSLO,NORWAY.
US FDA,SEA PROD RES CTR,BOTHELL,WA.
WHO,DIV FOODS & NUTR,CH-1211 GENEVA,SWITZERLAND.
CHIANG MAI UNIV,FAC MED,DEPT PARASITOL,CHIANG MAI 50000,THAILAND.
CHIANG MAI UNIV,MED SCI RES INST,CHIANG MAI 50000,THAILAND.
WHO,DIV CONTROL & TROP DIS,CH-1211 GENEVA,SWITZERLAND.
UNIV SAN MARCOS,DA CARRION INST TROP MED,LIMA,PERU.
WHO,REG OFF WESTERN PACIFIC,MANILA,PHILIPPINES.
WHO,DIV CONTROL TROP DIS,CH-1211 GENEVA,SWITZERLAND.
RP ABDUSSALAM, M (reprint author), FED HLTH OFF,W-1000 BERLIN,GERMANY.
NR 43
TC 93
Z9 96
U1 1
U2 1
PU WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
PI GENEVA
PA 1211 27 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND
SN 0512-3054
J9 WHO TECH REP SER
PY 1995
VL 849
BP 1
EP 157
PG 157
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA BD02W
UT WOS:A1995BD02W00001
ER
PT J
AU TAYLOR, MR
AF TAYLOR, MR
TI FDAS PUBLIC-HEALTH GOALS IN EVALUATING HEALTH CLAIMS
SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT ILSI N A Workshop on the Substantiation of the Impact of Nutrient and
Nonnutrient Antioxidants on Health
CY AUG 31-SEP 01, 1993
CL WASHINGTON, DC
SP INT LIFE SCI INST, N AMER SUBCOMM PHYSIOL FUNCT FOODS HLTH PROMOT
DE PUBLIC HEALTH GOALS; HEALTH CLAIMS; FDA; DIETARY GUIDELINES FOR
AMERICANS
AB Scientific developments have increased awareness of possible Links between diet and health within the scientific community and in the general public and have generated interest in the use of disease-related health claims on food labels. The enactment of the Nutrition, Labeling, and Education Act for the first time authorizes such claims if they are claims approved by FDA. From FDA's perspective, it is imperative that statements regarding potential health benefits of changes in nutrient intake also take into consideration potential health risk The ultimate goal must be to capitalize on available scientific evidence and the communication capacity of the food label to assist the consumer in constructing healthier diets.
C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 0
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU CRC PRESS INC
PI BOCA RATON
PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, BOCA RATON, FL 33431
SN 1040-8398
J9 CRIT REV FOOD SCI
JI Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr.
PY 1995
VL 35
IS 1-2
BP 1
EP 5
PG 5
WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics
GA QG096
UT WOS:A1995QG09600002
PM 7748470
ER
PT J
AU MILNER, JA
BLUMBERG, JB
ERNST, N
HATHCOCK, JN
ZIEGLER, RG
KOHLMEIER, L
BLACKBURN, G
DICHTER, C
AF MILNER, JA
BLUMBERG, JB
ERNST, N
HATHCOCK, JN
ZIEGLER, RG
KOHLMEIER, L
BLACKBURN, G
DICHTER, C
TI RESPONSE PANEL ON THE IMPACT OF NUTRIENT AND NONNUTRIENT ANTIOXIDANTS ON
CANCER AND CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE
SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
LA English
DT Discussion
C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111.
NHLBI,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
US FDA,DIV SCI & APPL TECHNOL,OFF SPECIAL NUTR,LAUREL,MD 20708.
NCI,ENVIRONM EPIDEMIOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
HARVARD UNIV,DEACONESS HOSP,SCH MED,BOSTON,MA.
UNIV N CAROLINA,CHAPEL HILL,NC.
RP MILNER, JA (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT NUTR,126 HENDERSON BLDG S,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS INC
PI BOCA RATON
PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, BOCA RATON, FL 33431
SN 1040-8398
J9 CRIT REV FOOD SCI
JI Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr.
PY 1995
VL 35
IS 1-2
BP 99
EP 110
PG 12
WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics
GA QG096
UT WOS:A1995QG09600010
ER
PT J
AU HATHCOCK, JN
AF HATHCOCK, JN
TI APPLICATIONS OF ANTIOXIDANTS IN PHYSIOLOGICALLY FUNCTIONAL FOODS -
SAFETY ASPECTS
SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT ILSI N A Workshop on the Substantiation of the Impact of Nutrient and
Nonnutrient Antioxidants on Health
CY AUG 31-SEP 01, 1993
CL WASHINGTON, DC
SP INT LIFE SCI INST, N AMER SUBCOMM PHYSIOL FUNCT FOODS HLTH PROMOT
DE RDAS; ADI; LOAEL; NOAEL; R(F)D
ID CALCIUM-OXALATE NEPHROLITHIASIS; ASCORBIC-ACID; RISK FACTOR;
HEMODIALYSIS
AB Intense public and scientific debate exists over whether the intake of some nutrients above the recommended dietary allowances may provide benefits beyond their traditional functions. However, excessive intakes of nutrients are well documented to cause adverse effects. This review focuses on methods that may be useful for identifying chronic intakes that result in adverse effects and for identifying intakes that provide a reasonable margin of safety from these effects. Groups responsible for nutrition and health policy must establish effective criteria for establishing safety limits, for validating end points, and determination of data acceptability. These criteria are needed to minimize toxicity while maximizing potential health benefits of exaggerated nutrient intake.
RP HATHCOCK, JN (reprint author), US FDA,OFF SPECIAL NUTR,8301 MUIKIRK RD,HFS-465,ROOM 1011,LAUREL,MD 20708, USA.
NR 26
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS INC
PI BOCA RATON
PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, BOCA RATON, FL 33431
SN 1040-8398
J9 CRIT REV FOOD SCI
JI Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr.
PY 1995
VL 35
IS 1-2
BP 161
EP 166
PG 6
WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics
GA QG096
UT WOS:A1995QG09600015
PM 7748475
ER
PT B
AU Schwan, WR
Kopecko, DJ
Goebel, W
AF Schwan, WR
Kopecko, DJ
Goebel, W
BE Keusch, GT
Kawakami, M
TI Uptake of intracellular pathogens into eukaryotic cells triggers
transcriptional regulation differences of host cell genes
SO CYTOKINES, CHOLERA, AND THE GUT
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1995 Joint Meeting of the United-States/Japan Cooperative Medical
Sciences Program Panels on Malnutrition and Cholera
CY NOV 30-DEC 03, 1995
CL KIAWAH ISLAND, SC
AB Infection of eukaryotic cells by intracellular bacteria can cause a myriad of changes inside the host cell. A differential polymerase chain reaction (DPCR) technique has been utilized to isolate and characterize eukaryotic genes regulated by uptake of Listeria monocytogenes, Shigella flexneri, and Salmonella typhimurium. Most of the gene fragments that have been isolated show no homology with known genes, suggesting some of them may be novel. However, gene fragment WS17-B5/6 exhibited extensive homology with the gene for mitogen activated protein kinase phosphatase, a gene product that dephosphorylates mitogen activated protein kinase. Transcriptional regulation of some eukaryotic genes as determined from the respective DPCR gene fragment profiles appears to be a result of uptake of bacteria via general phagocytosis. This group includes the gene for mitogen activated protein kinase phosphatase (although there was greater transcriptional activation when exposed to specific intracellular pathogenic bacteria) and the gene represented by fragment WS13-B9/9. Another group of eukaryotic genes appeared to have more selectivity regarding their regulation. For example, gene fragment WS10-B4/14 was downregulated following infection by L. monocytogenes and S. flexneri, but not by Escherichia coli strain HB101, S. typhimurium, or latex beads. These results indicate that eukaryotic transcriptional regulation could be in part mediated by events within the host cell that are triggered in response to the of uptake and/or intracellular survival of specific pathogens and that cross-talk between pathogen and host cell likely has common as well as species-specific signals.
RP Schwan, WR (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU I O S PRESS
PI AMSTERDAM
PA VAN DIEMENSTRAAT 94, 1013 CN AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
BN 90-5199-298-X
PY 1995
BP 249
EP 256
PG 8
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Immunology; Infectious Diseases;
Microbiology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Immunology; Infectious Diseases;
Microbiology
GA BJ63E
UT WOS:A1995BJ63E00034
ER
PT B
AU Tall, BD
Kothary, MH
Miliotis, MD
McGrane, OL
Shah, DB
AF Tall, BD
Kothary, MH
Miliotis, MD
McGrane, OL
Shah, DB
BE Keusch, GT
Kawakami, M
TI Expression of fibrillae by Vibrio vulnificus which resembles the pH
6-antigen of Yersinia pestis
SO CYTOKINES, CHOLERA, AND THE GUT
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1995 Joint Meeting of the United-States/Japan Cooperative Medical
Sciences Program Panels on Malnutrition and Cholera
CY NOV 30-DEC 03, 1995
CL KIAWAH ISLAND, SC
AB Vibrio vulnificus is an autochthonous member of the bacterial normal flora associated with seafish and shellfish such as oysters. Because this organism is difficult to depurate from shellfish we examined several strains by electron microscopy (EM) to identify the presence of adherence factors. EM showed 3.5 nm flexible, fibrillar surface structures composed of linear strands, multiple strand bundles or wiry aggregates, morphologically similar to the pH 6 antigen expressed by Yersinia pestis. EM of a crude fibrillar extract (CFE) and partially purified fibrillar extract (PFE) shelved single filaments and filaments in bundles. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the PFE contained two proteins of approximately 15 and 20 kDal. Like the pH 6 antigen of Y. pestis, bacterial cells, the CFE, and the PFE agglutinated sheep red blood cells. The PFE was found to be fi ee of hemolytic and proteolytic activity Hemagglutination (HA) activity was observed after growth on Thiaproline-NaCl-Glutamate-Agar (TCGA) at pH 6 or 8, 30 degrees C, and under microaerophilic or aerobic conditions. V. vulnificus grown at pH 7.4, or at 17 or 37 degrees C, or under anaerobic conditions did not show HA activity. Seventy percent of 52 strains in our culture collection, representing isolates from clinical, seafood, and environmental sources, displayed HA activity. These results indicate that the previously unrecognized fibrillar surface structure expressed by V. vulnificus shares some biological characteristics with the pH 6-Ag of Yersinia pestis.
RP Tall, BD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU I O S PRESS
PI AMSTERDAM
PA VAN DIEMENSTRAAT 94, 1013 CN AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
BN 90-5199-298-X
PY 1995
BP 265
EP 273
PG 9
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Immunology; Infectious Diseases;
Microbiology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Immunology; Infectious Diseases;
Microbiology
GA BJ63E
UT WOS:A1995BJ63E00036
ER
PT B
AU Kothary, MH
Miliotis, MD
Claverie, EF
Burr, DH
AF Kothary, MH
Miliotis, MD
Claverie, EF
Burr, DH
BE Keusch, GT
Kawakami, M
TI Properties of a novel enterotoxin produced by Salmonella enteritidis
SO CYTOKINES, CHOLERA, AND THE GUT
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1995 Joint Meeting of the United-States/Japan Cooperative Medical
Sciences Program Panels on Malnutrition and Cholera
CY NOV 30-DEC 03, 1995
CL KIAWAH ISLAND, SC
AB Several recent outbreaks of gastroenteritis reaching epidemic proportions were caused by one specific strain of Salmonella, Salmonella enteritidis (SE). SE gastroenteritis is characterized by nausea vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps. The pathogen produces cytotonic and cytotoxic factors but the mechanisms of the gastrointestinal disease are not well understood. A toxin capable of elongating Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells in tissue culture was extracted by lysing the SE cells with polymyxin B, and was purified by sequential gelfiltration with Sephacryl S-200, hydrophobic interaction chromatography with phenyl-Sepharose CL-IB, and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The toxin has a molecular weight of 62,000 by SDS-PAGE, and an isoelectric point of 6.9. The toxin is not neutralized by antibodies to cholera toxin (CT). The toxin is heat labile, sensitive to proteases, and its activity is not inhibited by any of the gangliosides that block activities of CT and the heat-labile toxins (LTs) of Escherichia coli. Elongation of CHO cells was not accompanied by an increase in the levels of cyclic AMP. The toxin induced intestinal fluid accumulation in suckling mice. Genetic analysis showed that natural and synthetic probes based on CT and LT genes did not react with the SE DNA. Results indicate that the SE enterotoxin is quite different from CT, LTs and the enterotoxin of Salmonella typhimurium.
RP Kothary, MH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU I O S PRESS
PI AMSTERDAM
PA VAN DIEMENSTRAAT 94, 1013 CN AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
BN 90-5199-298-X
PY 1995
BP 289
EP 295
PG 7
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Immunology; Infectious Diseases;
Microbiology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Immunology; Infectious Diseases;
Microbiology
GA BJ63E
UT WOS:A1995BJ63E00039
ER
PT J
AU DIRKSEN, ML
JAMRICH, M
AF DIRKSEN, ML
JAMRICH, M
TI DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF FORK HEAD GENES DURING EARLY XENOPUS AND
ZEBRAFISH DEVELOPMENT
SO DEVELOPMENTAL GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE AXIS FORMATION; FORK HEAD; GASTRULATION; NEURULATION; XENOPUS; ZEBRAFISH
ID DNA-BINDING-DOMAIN; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; FROG EMBRYOS; FAMILY; MOTIF;
PINTALLAVIS; PROTEINS; HOMOLOG; AXIS
AB Intense efforts have been devoted to the identification of genes that are causatively involved in pattern-forming events of invertebrates and vertebrates. Several gene families involved in this process have been identified. Here we focus on the Xenopus fork head domain gene family. One of its members, XFKH1/Pintallavis/ XFD1, has been shown previously to be involved in axial formation, and the expression patterns of the other family members discussed below suggest that they too play a major role in the initial steps of patterning and axial organization. In this report, we describe four Xenopus fork head genes (XFKH3, 4, 5, and 6) and analyze the distribution of their transcripts during early development. XFKH3 is expressed in developing somites but not notochord, XFKH4 in forebrain, anterior retina, and neural crest cells, and XFKH5 in a subset of epidermal cells and the neural floor plate. Finally, transcripts of XFKH6 are seen in neural crest-derived cranial ganglia. In addition, we show that at least some of the zebrafish fork head genes might serve a comparable function. Zebrafish zf-FKH1 has a similar expression pattern as Xenopus XFKH1/Pintallavis/ XFD1. It is transcribed in the notochord and neural floor plate. The polster or ''pillow'' also shows very high levels of zf-FKH1 mRNA. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CELLULAR & GENE THERAPY,DEV BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NR 36
TC 57
Z9 63
U1 0
U2 4
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0192-253X
J9 DEV GENET
JI Dev. Genet.
PY 1995
VL 17
IS 2
BP 107
EP 116
DI 10.1002/dvg.1020170203
PG 10
WC Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA RT308
UT WOS:A1995RT30800002
PM 7586752
ER
PT S
AU RHEE, HM
PARK, DH
AF RHEE, HM
PARK, DH
BE Abood, LG
Lajtha, A
TI IN-VIVO INTERACTIONS BETWEEN OPIOID AND ADRENERGIC-RECEPTORS FOR
PERIPHERAL SYMPATHETIC FUNCTIONAL REGULATION
SO DIVERSITY OF INTERACTING RECEPTORS
SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Functional Diversity of Interacting Receptors
CY MAY 25-28, 1994
CL WASHINGTON, DC
SP New York Acad Sci
ID METHIONINE ENKEPHALIN; ANESTHETIZED RABBITS
C1 CORNELL UNIV,COLL MED,BURKE REHABIL CTR,MOLEC NEUROBIOL LAB,WHITE PLAINS,NY 10605.
RP RHEE, HM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,HFD-510 PARKLAWN BLDG,ROOM 14B45,5600 FISHERS LAN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021
SN 0077-8923
BN 0-89766-924-X
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 1995
VL 757
BP 362
EP 364
DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb17494.x
PG 3
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Multidisciplinary
Sciences
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Science & Technology -
Other Topics
GA BD16W
UT WOS:A1995BD16W00035
PM 7611693
ER
PT J
AU HINSON, JA
PUMFORD, NR
ROBERTS, DW
AF HINSON, JA
PUMFORD, NR
ROBERTS, DW
TI MECHANISMS OF ACETAMINOPHEN TOXICITY - IMMUNOCHEMICAL DETECTION OF
DRUG-PROTEIN ADDUCTS
SO DRUG METABOLISM REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Arkansas Toxicology Symposium on Drug Metabolism as a Cause of Drug
Toxicity, Honoring the Research Contributions of Dr James R Gillette
CY OCT 14-15, 1993
CL LITTLE ROCK, AR
SP DOROTHY SNIDER FDN
ID INDUCED HEPATIC NECROSIS; SUBCELLULAR LIVER FRACTIONS;
3-(CYSTEIN-S-YL)ACETAMINOPHEN ADDUCTS; NONCOVALENT INTERACTIONS;
BENZOQUINONE IMINE; TREATED MICE; COVALENT; SELENIUM; HEPATOTOXICITY;
QUANTITATION
C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
RP HINSON, JA (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DIV TOXICOL,SLOT 638,4301 W MARKHAM ST,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205, USA.
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [1R01 GM48749]
NR 35
TC 70
Z9 72
U1 1
U2 3
PU MARCEL DEKKER INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016
SN 0360-2532
J9 DRUG METAB REV
JI Drug Metab. Rev.
PY 1995
VL 27
IS 1-2
BP 73
EP 92
DI 10.3109/03602539509029816
PG 20
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA RB667
UT WOS:A1995RB66700004
PM 7641586
ER
PT J
AU Mulligan, LT
AF Mulligan, LT
TI New toxicological testing approaches based upon exposure activity
availability assessments
SO DRUG METABOLISM REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on New Approaches to Toxicological Testing of
Residues-Defining the Residue of Toxicological Concern, at 1994 Annual
Meeting of American-College-of-Toxicology
CY OCT 26, 1994
CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA
SP Amer Coll Toxicol
RP Mulligan, LT (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,DIV TOXICOL & ENVIRONM SCI,HFV-150,7500 STANDISH PL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855, USA.
NR 7
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARCEL DEKKER INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016
SN 0360-2532
J9 DRUG METAB REV
JI Drug Metab. Rev.
PY 1995
VL 27
IS 4
BP 573
EP 579
DI 10.3109/03602539508994206
PG 7
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA TL471
UT WOS:A1995TL47100006
PM 8925718
ER
PT B
AU OBryan, E
AF OBryan, E
GP ESD ASSOC
TI Why does the FDA concern itself with ESD?
SO ELECTRICAL OVERSTRESS/ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS -
1995
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Electrical Overstress/Electrostatic Discharge Symposium
CY SEP 12-14, 1995
CL PHOENIX, AZ
SP ESD Assoc, IEEE, IEEE Electron Devices Soc
C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU EOS/ESD ASSOC
PI ROME
PA 201 MILL STREET, ROME, NY 13440
BN 1-878303-59-7
PY 1995
BP 62
EP 65
DI 10.1109/EOSESD.1995.478268
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA BE60L
UT WOS:A1995BE60L00007
ER
PT J
AU Mittelstaedt, RA
Smith, BA
Heflich, RH
AF Mittelstaedt, RA
Smith, BA
Heflich, RH
TI Analysis of in vivo mutation induced by N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea in the
hprt gene of rat lymphocytes
SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS
LA English
DT Article
DE N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea; rat; T-lymphocytes; hprt denaturing gradient gel
electrophoresis; mutation
ID DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS;
ALKYLATING-AGENTS; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; FISCHER-344 RATS; INVIVO EXPOSURE;
SHUTTLE VECTORS; TRANSGENIC MICE; T-LYMPHOCYTES
AB The rat lymphocyte hprt assay measures in vivo mutagenicity by quantifying the frequency of 6-thioguanine-resistant (TG(r)) spleen lymphocytes cultured in vitro. In this study we have examined the types of mutations induced in the hprt gene of TG(r) lymphocyte clones from female fischer 344 rob exposed to 100 mg/kg N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU). Hprt exons 3 and 8 were amplified from DNA extracted from each of 249 clones, and the resulting products were screened for mutant:wild-type heteroduplex formation by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. The analysis revealed 59 clones with mutations in exon 3, and 20 clones with mutations in exon 8. DNA sequence analysis of the heteroduplexes identified 84 mutations. all of the mutations were bose pair substitutions, and 88% were mutations of A:T base pairs. At least 82% were induced independently. These results suggest that the mutations found in TG(r) rat lymphocytes from ENU-treated rats were due mainly to ethylthymidine adducts. In addition, a comparison of these results with previously reported in vivo ENU mutational profiles indicates that the types of mutation detected by heteroduplex screening of rat hprt exons 3 and 8 are representative of mutation in the entire protein coding sequence. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
RP Mittelstaedt, RA (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,HFT-120,3900 NCTR RD,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 53
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0893-6692
J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN
JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen.
PY 1995
VL 26
IS 4
BP 261
EP 269
DI 10.1002/em.2850260402
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA TN332
UT WOS:A1995TN33200001
PM 8575415
ER
PT J
AU VALENTINE, CR
HEFLICH, RH
AF VALENTINE, CR
HEFLICH, RH
TI GENOMIC DNA-SEQUENCING OF MESSENGER-RNA SPLICING MUTANTS IN THE HPRT
GENE OF CHINESE-HAMSTER OVARY CELLS
SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS
LA English
DT Article
DE HPRT; SPLICING MUTANTS; CHO CELLS; 1 NITROPYRENE; 6-NITROCHRYSENE
ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES-T; GUANINE
PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE LOCUS; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS;
DIPLOID HUMAN FIBROBLASTS; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; SITE SELECTION; NONSENSE
MUTATIONS; EXON SEQUENCES; SPECTRUM
AB We have analyzed 41 mRNA-splicing mutants from the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl-transferase (hprt) gene of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Twenty-two of these mutants produced single cDNA PCR products with a partial or complete exon deletion; 19 mutants produced multiple cDNA PCR products, and most of these products contained one or more deleted exons. The affected exons and surrounding introns were amplified from genomic DNA and sequenced in order to identify mutations causing aberrant splicing. We found acceptor site mutations in 14 mutants, donor site mutations in 10 mutants, exonic mutations in 8 mutants, and no mutations in 5 mutants. Four mutants from solvent controls did not amplify the appropriate exons and were considered genomic deletion muta nts. Our previous work [Manjanatha MG et al. (1994): Mutat Res 308;65-75] showed that nonsense mutants in the hprt gene of CHO cells are associated with multiple cDNA PCR products containing deleted exons and a low abundance of hprt mRNA if the mutation is found in an internal exon. The present results are consistent with these associations being facilitated by instability of mRNA after ribosome termination at nonsense codons. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
RP VALENTINE, CR (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,3900 NCTR RD,HFT-120,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 57
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0893-6692
J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN
JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen.
PY 1995
VL 25
IS 2
BP 85
EP 96
DI 10.1002/em.2850250202
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA QQ689
UT WOS:A1995QQ68900001
PM 7698111
ER
PT J
AU GARRIOTT, ML
CASCIANO, DA
SCHECHTMAN, LM
PROBST, GS
AF GARRIOTT, ML
CASCIANO, DA
SCHECHTMAN, LM
PROBST, GS
TI INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON MOUSE LYMPHOMA ASSAY TESTING PRACTICES AND
DATA INTERPRETATIONS - PORTLAND, OREGON, MAY 7, 1994
SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE MOUSE LYMPHOMA TEST; WORKSHOP; TEST STANDARDS; INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS
C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
US FDA,CVM,DIV TOXICOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
RP GARRIOTT, ML (reprint author), ELI LILLY & CO,LILLY RES LABS,TOXICOL RES LABS,GREENFIELD,IN 46140, USA.
NR 0
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0893-6692
J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN
JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen.
PY 1995
VL 25
IS 2
BP 162
EP 164
DI 10.1002/em.2850250210
PG 3
WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA QQ689
UT WOS:A1995QQ68900009
PM 7698109
ER
PT J
AU ABIOLA, FA
APPELGREN, LE
ARNOLD, D
BOISSEAU, J
CUERPO, L
ELLIS, R
FURROW, RD
MCLEAN, JG
PINTER, A
PUGH, DM
RICO, A
SINHASENI, P
WELLS, R
YNDESTAD, M
CHAMBERLAIN, P
FUCHS, R
HEITZMAN, RJ
HERRMAN, JL
KIDD, ARM
LIVINGSTON, RC
MAHLER, J
MILLER, M
MITSUMORI, K
PAAKKANEN, J
RITTER, L
ROBERTS, G
ROSTELPETERS, B
VANLEEUWEN, FXR
WILKINS, TD
WOODWARD, K
YONG, MS
AF ABIOLA, FA
APPELGREN, LE
ARNOLD, D
BOISSEAU, J
CUERPO, L
ELLIS, R
FURROW, RD
MCLEAN, JG
PINTER, A
PUGH, DM
RICO, A
SINHASENI, P
WELLS, R
YNDESTAD, M
CHAMBERLAIN, P
FUCHS, R
HEITZMAN, RJ
HERRMAN, JL
KIDD, ARM
LIVINGSTON, RC
MAHLER, J
MILLER, M
MITSUMORI, K
PAAKKANEN, J
RITTER, L
ROBERTS, G
ROSTELPETERS, B
VANLEEUWEN, FXR
WILKINS, TD
WOODWARD, K
YONG, MS
TI EVALUATION OF CERTAIN VETERINARY DRUG RESIDUES IN FOOD
SO EVALUATION OF CERTAIN VETERINARY DRUG RESIDUES IN FOOD
SE WHO TECHNICAL REPORT SERIES
LA English
DT Review
AB This report presents the conclusions of a Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee convened to evaluate the safety of residues of certain veterinary drugs in edible animal products, with a view to promoting human food safety and harmonization in international trade. In the first part of the report, principles for evaluating the safety of residues of veterinary drugs in food and for establishing Acceptable Daily Intakes and Maximum Residue Limits for such residues are elaborated. In particular, risk assessment procedures use by the Committee, the application of safety factors, the assessment of microbiological risk due to residues of antimicrobial drugs in food, and the problem of residues at the injection site are discussed. The information required by the Committee in investigating the human food safety of residues of veterinary drugs is also listed. A summary follows of the Committee's evaluations and toxicological and residue data on an anthelminthic (levamisole), five antimicrobial agents (chloramphenicol, flumequine, olaquindox, spectinomycin and sulfadimidine), an antiprotozoal agent (ronidazole), a glucocorticosteroid (dexamethasone) and a trypanocide (diminazene). For each drug, an Acceptable Daily Intake and Maximum Residue Limits for certain edible animal products are recommended, as appropriate, or deficiencies in the available data are identified and requirements for further information specified.
C1 SWEDISH UNIV AGR SCI,CTR BIOMED,FAC VET MED,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,UPPSALA,SWEDEN.
CTR SURVEILLANCE & HLTH EVALUAT ENVIRONM CRISIS,BERLIN,GERMANY.
NATL CTR VET & FOOD STUDIES,VET DRUGS LAB,FOUGERES,FRANCE.
NATL INST AGR TECHNOL,DEPT MEAT TECHNOL,VET SCI RES CTR,BUENOS AIRES,DF,ARGENTINA.
US FOOD SAFETY & INSPECT SERV,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20250.
SWINEBURNE UNIV TECHNOL,HAWTHORN,VIC,AUSTRALIA.
NATL INST HYG,BUDAPEST,HUNGARY.
UNIV COLL BALLSBRIDGE,FAC VET MED,DEPT SMALL ANIM CLIN STUDIES,BALLSBRIDGE,IRELAND.
NATL VET SCH,INRA,BIOCHEM TOXICOL PHYSIOPATHOL & EXPTL TOXICOL LAB,TOULOUSE,FRANCE.
CHULALONGKORN UNIV,DEPT PHARMACOL,BANGKOK,THAILAND.
AUSTRALIAN GOVT ANALYT LABS,PYMBLE,NSW,AUSTRALIA.
NORWEGIAN COLL VET MED,DEPT FOOD HYG,OSLO,NORWAY.
MINIST SCI,ZAGREB,CROATIA.
WHO,INT PROGRAMME CHEM SAFETY,GENEVA,SWITZERLAND.
NIEHS,ENVIRONM CARCINOGENESIS PROGRAM,EXPTL PATHOL LAB,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709.
US FDA,CTR VET MED,OFF NEW ANIM DRUG EVALUAT,DIV TOXICOL & ENVIRONM SCI,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NATL INST HYG SCI,DIV PATHOL,BIOL SAFETY RES CTR,TOKYO,JAPAN.
FAO,FOOD QUAL SERV,ROME,ITALY.
FAO,STAND SERV,ROME,ITALY.
UNIV GUELPH,CANADIAN NETWORK TOXICOL CTR,GUELPH,ON,CANADA.
DEPT HLTH HOUSING LOCAL GOVT & COMMUNITY SERV,CHEM SAFETY UNIT,TOXICOL EVALUAT SECT,CANBERRA,ACT,AUSTRALIA.
COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,DIRECTORATE GEN IIIE3,COMM VET MED PROD WORKING GRP SAFETY RESIDUES,BRUSSELS,BELGIUM.
MAFF,VET MED DIRECTORATE,ADDLESTONE,SURREY,ENGLAND.
HLTH CANADA,HLTH PROTECT BRANCH,BUR VET DRUGS,DIV HUMAN SAFETY,OTTAWA,ON,CANADA.
VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,DEPT ANAEROB MICROBIOL,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061.
NATL INST PUBL HLTH & ENVIRONM PROTECT,CTR TOXICOL ADVISORY,BILTHOVEN,NETHERLANDS.
RP ABIOLA, FA (reprint author), INTERSTATE SCH VET SCI & MED,DEPT PHARM & TOXICOL,DAKAR,SENEGAL.
NR 144
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 8
PU WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
PI GENEVA
PA 1211 27 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND
SN 0512-3054
J9 WHO TECH REP SER
PY 1995
VL 851
BP 1
EP &
PG 0
WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences
GA BD93B
UT WOS:A1995BD93B00001
ER
PT S
AU SHAH, VP
AF SHAH, VP
BE Surber, C
Elsner, P
Bircher, AJ
TI Challenges in evaluating bioequivalence of dermatological drug products
SO EXOGENOUS DERMATOLOGY: ADVANCES IN SKIN-RELATED ALLERGOLOGY,
BIOENGINEERING, PHARMACOLOGY, AND TOXICOLOGY
SE CURRENT PROBLEMS IN DERMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference and Festschrift in Honor of Howard I Maibach on the Occasion
of His 65th Birthday - Exogenous Dermatology: Advances in Skin-Related
Allergology, Bioengineering, Pharmacology, and Toxicology
CY JUL 01, 1994
CL BASEL, SWITZERLAND
RP US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855, USA.
NR 0
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU KARGER
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 0070-2064
BN 3-8055-6062-1
J9 CURR PROBL DERMATOL
JI Curr.Probl.Dermatol.
PY 1995
VL 22
BP 152
EP 157
PG 6
WC Dermatology
SC Dermatology
GA BD46J
UT WOS:A1995BD46J00023
PM 7587317
ER
PT J
AU MILLER, FW
AF MILLER, FW
TI GENETICS OF AUTOIMMUNE-DISEASES
SO EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL IMMUNOGENETICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Immunogenetic Risk Assessment in Human
Disease
CY MAR 06-08, 1994
CL CHARLESTON, SC
SP Med Univ South Carolina, Environm Hazards Assessment Program
DE IMMUNOGENETICS; HLA; GENETIC RISK FACTORS; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES;
AUTOIMMUNITY
ID MYOSITIS-SPECIFIC AUTOANTIBODIES; SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS;
DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; IDIOPATHIC INFLAMMATORY MYOPATHY;
CONNECTIVE-TISSUE DISEASE; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; ANCESTRAL HAPLOTYPES;
RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; GM ALLOTYPES; HLA-DR
AB Many lines of evidence suggest that autoimmune diseases are the result of chronic immune activation in genetically susceptible individuals following specific environmental exposures. Although the rarity and heterogeneity of autoimmune diseases and the lack of understanding of pathogenetic mechanisms have inhibited progress in the field, genes encoding histocompatibility molecules, immunoglobulins, complement components, peptide transporter proteins, T-cell receptors, sex hormones, cytokines, and metabolic enzymes important in drug and toxin elimination, have been identified as risk factors for one or more autoimmune diseases. Novel molecular genetic techniques and epidemiologic approaches that subset diseases by demographics, clinical manifestations, serology, and environmental-exposures, should further elucidate the environmental and genetic risk factors for these increasingly recognized multifactorial disorders.
RP MILLER, FW (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CELLULAR & GENE THERAPIES,MOLEC IMMUNOL LAB,BLDG 29B,HFM-521,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
OI Miller, Frederick/0000-0003-2831-9593
NR 52
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 2
PU KARGER
PI BASEL
PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 0254-9670
J9 EXP CLIN IMMUNOGENET
JI Exp. Clin. Immunogenet.
PY 1995
VL 12
IS 3
BP 182
EP 190
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity; Immunology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity; Immunology
GA RT568
UT WOS:A1995RT56800007
PM 8534504
ER
PT J
AU DANIELS, DH
JOE, FL
DIACHENKO, GW
AF DANIELS, DH
JOE, FL
DIACHENKO, GW
TI DETERMINATION OF FREE GLUTAMIC-ACID IN A VARIETY OF FOODS BY
HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY
SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS
LA English
DT Article
DE GLUTAMIC ACID; FOODS; HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
AB A survey of free glutamic acid levels in a variety of foods was conducted. The foods were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Free glutamic acid was extracted from the food with 0.02 M potassium phosphate with subsequent precipitation of other food components with acetone. Impurities were removed by passing the extract through a C-8 or C-18 reversed-phase solid-phase extraction column. The free glutamic acid was derivatized with phenylisothiocyanate, and the derivative was separated by HPLC with detection at 254 nm. Free glutamic acid levels ranged from not found (< 20 ppm) in some spices to as high as 89% in another spice.
RP DANIELS, DH (reprint author), US FDA,OFF PREMARKET APPROVAL,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 0
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 8
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD LONDON
PI LONDON
PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE
SN 0265-203X
J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM
JI Food Addit. Contam.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 12
IS 1
BP 21
EP 29
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology
GA QL749
UT WOS:A1995QL74900003
PM 7758628
ER
PT J
AU PENNINGTON, JAT
SCHOEN, SA
AF PENNINGTON, JAT
SCHOEN, SA
TI ESTIMATES OF DIETARY EXPOSURE TO ALUMINUM
SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS
LA English
DT Article
DE ALUMINUM; DIETARY EXPOSURE; TOTAL DIET STUDIES
AB Daily intakes of aluminium were estimated for 14 age-sex groups based on the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) Total Diet Study dietary exposure model. The aluminium content of the core foods of the FDA Total Diet Study were determined by analyses, recipe calculation, or literature values and coupled with information on food consumption from the 1987-88 US Department of Agriculture Nationwide Food Consumption Survey. Estimates of aluminium intakes ranged from 0.7 mg/day for 6-11-month-old infants to 11.5 mg/day for 14-16-year-old males. Average intakes for adult men and women were 8-9 and 7 mg/day, respectively. The major contributors to daily intake of aluminium were foods with aluminium-containing food additives, e.g. grain products and processed cheese.
RP PENNINGTON, JAT (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 0
TC 70
Z9 73
U1 1
U2 5
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD LONDON
PI LONDON
PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE
SN 0265-203X
J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM
JI Food Addit. Contam.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 12
IS 1
BP 119
EP 128
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology
GA QL749
UT WOS:A1995QL74900014
PM 7758626
ER
PT J
AU DEGNAN, FH
FLAMM, WG
AF DEGNAN, FH
FLAMM, WG
TI LIVING WITH AND REFORMING THE DELANEY-CLAUSE
SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
ID RATS
C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,OFF TOXICOL SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
RP DEGNAN, FH (reprint author), KING & SPALDING,WASHINGTON,DC, USA.
NR 11
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903
J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J
JI Food Drug Law J.
PY 1995
VL 50
IS 2
BP 235
EP 256
PG 22
WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology &
Pharmacy
SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics;
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA RQ644
UT WOS:A1995RQ64400002
PM 10342993
ER
PT J
AU KESSLER, DA
AF KESSLER, DA
TI REMARKS BY THE COMMISSIONER OF FOOD AND DRUGS
SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Food-and-Drug-Law-Institute 38th Annual Education Conference
CY DEC 13-14, 1994
CL WASHINGTON, DC
SP Food & Drug Law Inst
RP KESSLER, DA (reprint author), US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 9
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903
J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J
JI Food Drug Law J.
PY 1995
VL 50
IS 2
BP 327
EP 334
PG 8
WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology &
Pharmacy
SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics;
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA RQ644
UT WOS:A1995RQ64400010
PM 10343001
ER
PT J
AU GERRARD, TL
AF GERRARD, TL
TI CURRENT PRODUCT EQUIVALENCY ISSUES
SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
RP GERRARD, TL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,OFF THERAPEUT RES & REVIEW,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903
J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J
JI Food Drug Law J.
PY 1995
VL 50
IS 3
BP 451
EP 453
PG 3
WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology &
Pharmacy
SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics;
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA TD509
UT WOS:A1995TD50900009
PM 10343011
ER
PT J
AU HORTON, LR
AF HORTON, LR
TI MEDICAL DEVICE REGULATION IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
RP HORTON, LR (reprint author), US FDA,INT POLICY STAFF,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 16
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903
J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J
JI Food Drug Law J.
PY 1995
VL 50
IS 3
BP 461
EP 476
PG 16
WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology &
Pharmacy
SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics;
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA TD509
UT WOS:A1995TD50900011
PM 10343013
ER
PT J
AU Houn, F
Franke, KA
Elliott, ML
Finder, CA
Burkhart, RL
Fischer, R
AF Houn, F
Franke, KA
Elliott, ML
Finder, CA
Burkhart, RL
Fischer, R
TI The Mammography Quality Standards Act of 1992: History and process
SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID BREAST-CANCER; MORTALITY
C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV MAMMOG QUAL & RADIAT PROGRAMS,MAMMOG STAND BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
JOHNS HOPKINS ONCOL CTR,BREAST SURVEILLANCE SERV,BALTIMORE,MD 21205.
US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV MAMMOG QUAL & RADIAT PROGRAMS,FACIL INSPECT & CERTIF BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
RP Houn, F (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV MAMMOG QUAL & RADIAT PROGRAMS,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 25
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903
J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J
JI Food Drug Law J.
PY 1995
VL 50
IS 4
BP 485
EP 492
PG 8
WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology &
Pharmacy
SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics;
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA UH600
UT WOS:A1995UH60000002
PM 10343015
ER
PT J
AU Nightingale, SL
AF Nightingale, SL
TI Challenges in human subject protection
SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
RP Nightingale, SL (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903
J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J
JI Food Drug Law J.
PY 1995
VL 50
IS 4
BP 493
EP 501
PG 9
WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology &
Pharmacy
SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics;
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA UH600
UT WOS:A1995UH60000003
PM 10343016
ER
PT J
AU RADER, JI
ANGYAL, G
ODELL, RG
WEAVER, CM
SHEPPARD, AJ
BUENO, MP
AF RADER, JI
ANGYAL, G
ODELL, RG
WEAVER, CM
SHEPPARD, AJ
BUENO, MP
TI DETERMINATION OF TOTAL FAT AND SATURATED FAT IN FOODS BY PACKED-COLUMN
GAS-LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY AFTER ACID-HYDROLYSIS
SO FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
AB The new definition of total fat in FDA regulations implementing the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990 necessitates the quantitation of all lipid fatty acids and the summation of their triglyceride equivalents. A gas-liquid chromatographic (GLC) method using a packed column has been developed for quantitative measurement of total fat and saturated fat in foods. Fatty acids are released from food matrices by acid hydrolysis, and then extracted, esterified to their methyl esters and determined by GLC. Total fat and saturated fat are calculated in accordance with the new definitions of these components. Fat content determined by the acid hydrolysis-GLC methodology was compared with fat content determined by a direct AOAC gravimetric method for 23 food products containing between about 1 and 75% fat by weight. For all food products studied, the relationship between the results obtained by the two methods was best described by a straight line that had a correlation coefficient of 0.94. Results of repeated extractions and analysis of a milk-based infant formula (SRM 1846) suggest that this material may be useful as a quality control standard.
RP RADER, JI (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,OFF FOOD LABELING,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 12
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0308-8146
J9 FOOD CHEM
JI Food Chem.
PY 1995
VL 54
IS 4
BP 419
EP 427
DI 10.1016/0308-8146(95)00054-M
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics
GA TB320
UT WOS:A1995TB32000013
ER
PT B
AU Schlesser, JE
Lynn, G
Armstrong, DJ
Cinar, A
Ramanauskas, P
Negiz, A
AF Schlesser, JE
Lynn, G
Armstrong, DJ
Cinar, A
Ramanauskas, P
Negiz, A
GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS
TI Acquisition, storage and interrogation of safety data from a high
temperature short time pasteurization system
SO FOOD PROCESSING AUTOMATION IV
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th Food Processing Automation Conference (FPAC IV)
CY NOV 03-05, 1995
CL CHICAGO, IL
SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers, Food & Proc Engn Inst
DE data acquisition; dairy; pasteurization
RP Schlesser, JE (reprint author), US FDA,SUMMIT ARGO,IL 60501, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS
PI ST JOSEPH
PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659
BN 0-929355-70-9
PY 1995
BP 405
EP 412
PG 8
WC Engineering, Chemical; Food Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Food Science & Technology
GA BF62N
UT WOS:A1995BF62N00046
ER
PT J
AU WEIR, JP
DACQUEL, EJ
AF WEIR, JP
DACQUEL, EJ
TI PLASMID INSERTION VECTORS THAT FACILITATE CONSTRUCTION OF HERPES-SIMPLEX
VIRUS GENE DELIVERY VECTORS
SO GENE
LA English
DT Note
DE RECOMBINANT VIRUS; GENE THERAPY; IMMEDIATE-EARLY PROMOTER; LACZ;
INTERFERON ALPHA
ID GLYCOPROTEIN-C GENE; BETA-GALACTOSIDASE; REGULATORY PROTEIN-ICP4;
TRIGEMINAL GANGLIA; THYMIDINE KINASE; TYPE-1; NEURONS; REPLICATION;
EXPRESSION; SEQUENCES
AB Plasmid insertion vectors were designed for the expression of foreign genes in recombinant herpes simplex virus (HSV) vectors. One vector, pGal9, was designed for the insertion of foreign genes with their own promoter; a second vector, pGa110, was designed for the insertion of coding sequences downstream from the HSV immediate-early 110K promoter. The 110K promoter directed efficient expression of foreign genes, particularly in replication-incompetent virus recombinants, as shown by the expression of the lacZ and IFN alpha genes. These vectors should be useful for the characterization of various promoters for gene delivery, and for the efficient expression of foreign genes in a variety of cell types.
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIRAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT CELLULAR IMMUNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850.
HENRY M JACKSON FDN ADVANCEMENT MIL MED,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850.
NR 20
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1119
J9 GENE
JI Gene
PY 1995
VL 154
IS 1
BP 123
EP 128
DI 10.1016/0378-1119(94)00881-R
PG 6
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA QJ757
UT WOS:A1995QJ75700022
PM 7867939
ER
PT S
AU Maryanski, JH
AF Maryanski, JH
BE Engel, KH
Takeoka, GR
Teranishi, R
TI US Food and Drug Administration policy for foods developed by
biotechnology
SO GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOODS: SAFETY ISSUES
SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Genetically Modified Foods - Safety Issues, at the 208th
National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 21-25, 1994
CL WASHINGTON, DC
SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agr & Food Chem
ID SAFETY
AB The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has authority under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the Act) to ensure the safety and wholesomeness of most foods, except meat and poultry, including foods developed through modern biotechnology. In 1990, FDA issued the first regulation for the use of a recombinant DNA-produced food ingredient, fermentation-derived chymosin (rennet). In 1992, FDA published a policy statement that explains how foods and animal feeds derived from new plant varieties developed by both conventional and new breeding techniques are regulated under the Act. The 1992 policy provides ''guidance to industry'' that establishes a standard of care for ensuring safety and wholesomeness. This discussion summarizes FDA's policy and illustrates how the policy was applied by the agency in reaching decisions on chymosin and on the Flavr Savr tomato.
RP Maryanski, JH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,200 C ST SW,HFS-13,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 18
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0097-6156
BN 0-8412-3320-9
J9 ACS SYM SER
PY 1995
VL 605
BP 12
EP 22
PG 11
WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science &
Technology
SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science &
Technology
GA BF66M
UT WOS:A1995BF66M00002
ER
PT J
AU MALEK, A
BLANN, E
MATTISON, DR
AF MALEK, A
BLANN, E
MATTISON, DR
TI CONTINUOUS PO(2) MONITORING DURING DUAL PERFUSION OF THE TERM HUMAN
PLACENTA IN-VITRO
SO GYNECOLOGIC AND OBSTETRIC INVESTIGATION
LA English
DT Article
DE PLACENTA, HUMAN; PERFUSION, IN VITRO; PO(2)
ID ANTIPYRINE
AB A computerized system has been developed to continuously monitor, collect and display pO(2) in real time from the maternal and fetal arteries and veins in the dually perfused term placenta. Oxygen electrodes were installed in flow-through chambers in the tubing of the perfusion system. The signal from the O-2 electrodes was digitized, acquired, analyzed and displayed in realtime during the perfusions using a personal computer. Output from the O-2 electrodes was linearly proportional to pO(2) (33-502 mm Hg; r(2) = 0.99). Running average pO(2) values (mean +/- SD) were also calculated for every minute and stored. The captured data files can be recalled and analyzed after completion of the perfusion experiment and compared with other data collected during perfusion. One of the unique capabilities of the pO(2) electrodes is their ability to respond rapidly to changing perfusion conditions. For example, as the fetal circulation begins to break down the change is noted before volume loss in the fetal circuit by decreasing fetal vein pO(2).
C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205.
UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DIV INTERDISCIPLINARY TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205.
NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
RI Mattison, Donald/C-2015-2009; Mattison, Donald/L-4661-2013
OI Mattison, Donald/0000-0001-5623-0874
NR 20
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU KARGER
PI BASEL
PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 0378-7346
J9 GYNECOL OBSTET INVES
JI Gynecol.Obstet.Invest.
PY 1995
VL 39
IS 1
BP 28
EP 33
PG 6
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology
GA QC919
UT WOS:A1995QC91900007
PM 7890249
ER
PT J
AU ERNEY, DR
AF ERNEY, DR
TI DETERMINATION OF ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES IN WHOLE CHOCOLATE
SKIM-MILK AND INFANT FORMULA USING SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION WITH CAPILLARY
GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY FLAME PHOTOMETRIC DETECTION
SO HRC-JOURNAL OF HIGH RESOLUTION CHROMATOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY FLAME PHOTOMETRIC DETECTION, GC-FPD; SOLID-PHASE
EXTRACTION; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDE RESIDUES; MILK; INFANT FORMULA
ID RESIDUES
AB Twenty nine organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) are identified on a DB-17 capillary column using gas chromatography-flame photometric detection (GC-FPD). An acetone-acetonitrile mixture is used to initially extract OPPs from milk and infant formula samples, followed by partition of the analytes into dichloromethane (DCM). Dichloromethane is removed on a rotary evaporator and the residue taken up in acetonitrile (ACN) for cleanup on a C-18 (octadecylsiloxane bonded silica) (SPE) cartridge. ACN eluate is evaporated under nitrogen and the residue taken up in acetone for GC-FPD determination.
Initial studies showed mean recoveries for 28 of 29 OPPs in whole milk fortified at 0.10 ppm ranged between 69 and 99% with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 1.0-9.7%. Whole/chocolate/skim-milk and four infant formula products fortified at 0.02 ppm gave mean recoveries of 64-103 % with RSDs between 1.9 and 20.9 % for 24 of 29 OPPs. Excluding skim milk, recoveries for Dichlorvos, Methamidophos, Mevinphos E, and Acephate ranged between 47 and 89%. Sample extracts were extremely clean and posed no difficulty to the GC system. The procedure is faster and less costly than Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) procedures and allows for determination of a broad spectrum of OPPs.
RP ERNEY, DR (reprint author), US FDA,PESTICIDE & IND CHEM RES CTR,1560 E JEFFERSON AVE,DETROIT,MI 48207, USA.
NR 13
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 3
PU DR ALFRED HUTHIG VERLAG GMBH
PI HEIDELBERG 1
PA POSTFACH 102869, W-69018 HEIDELBERG 1, GERMANY
SN 0935-6304
J9 HRC-J HIGH RES CHROM
JI HRC-J. High Resolut. Chromatogr.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 18
IS 1
BP 59
EP 62
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA QH783
UT WOS:A1995QH78300012
ER
PT J
AU HINTON, DM
AF HINTON, DM
TI IMMUNOTOXICITY TESTING APPLIED TO DIRECT FOOD AND COLOR ADDITIVES - US
FDA REDBOOK-II GUIDELINES
SO HUMAN & EXPERIMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Environmental Immunotoxicology and Human
Health
CY MAR 22-25, 1994
CL OXFORD, ENGLAND
SP INT PROGRAMME CHEM SAFETY, UK DEPT HLTH, ST BATHOLOMEWS HOSP MED COLL, DH DEPT TOXICOL
RP HINTON, DM (reprint author), US FDA,LAUREL,MD, USA.
NR 4
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU STOCKTON PRESS
PI BASINGSTOKE
PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HANTS, ENGLAND RG21 2XS
SN 0144-5952
J9 HUM EXP TOXICOL
JI Hum. Exp. Toxicol.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 14
IS 1
BP 143
EP 145
PG 3
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA QG182
UT WOS:A1995QG18200038
PM 7748605
ER
PT J
AU TORRONI, A
BROWN, MD
LOTT, MT
NEWMAN, NJ
WALLACE, DC
AF TORRONI, A
BROWN, MD
LOTT, MT
NEWMAN, NJ
WALLACE, DC
TI AFRICAN, NATIVE-AMERICAN, AND EUROPEAN MITOCHONDRIAL DNAS IN CUBANS FROM
PINAR-DEL-RIO PROVINCE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE RECENT EPIDEMIC
NEUROPATHY IN CUBA
SO HUMAN MUTATION
LA English
DT Article
DE MTDNA VARIATION IN CUBA; ETHNIC-SPECIFIC MTDNA POLYMORPHISMS; CUBAN
OPTIC NEUROPATHY
ID ENDONUCLEASE CLEAVAGE PATTERNS; BASE PAIR RECOGNITION; RESTRICTION
ENZYMES; POLYMORPHISMS; POPULATIONS; NEPAL; MIGRATIONS; AFFINITIES;
RADIATION; SEQUENCE
AB Genetic predisposition, particularly specific mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) backgrounds, has been proposed as a contributing factor in the expression of an epidemic of bilateral optic neuropathy that has affected residents of Cuba since 1991. To substantiate or refute the possibility that specific subsets of mtDNAs could participate in disease expression, we took advantage of the heterogeneous ethnic origin of the Cuban population and the recent identification of a number of mtDNA polymorphisms that appear to be specific for Africans, Native Americans, and Europeans. The screening of both carefully selected people with epidemic neuropathy and control subjects from the Pinar del Rio Province for these polymorphisms revealed that African, Native American, and European mtDNA haplotypes were equally represented among case and control subjects, and suggested that similar to 50% of Cuban mtDNAs originated from Europeans, 46% from Africans, and 4% from Native Americans. These findings demonstrate that mutations arising in specific mtDNAs are unlikely to play a role in the epidemic neuropathy and indicate that analysis of mtDNA haplotypes can be a valuable tool for assessing the relative maternal contribution of Africans, Native Americans, and Europeans in a mixed population. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 EMORY UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT GENET & MOLEC MED,ATLANTA,GA 30332.
EMORY UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,ATLANTA,GA 30332.
EMORY UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,ATLANTA,GA 30332.
EMORY UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROSURG,ATLANTA,GA 30332.
UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA,DEPT GENET & MOLEC BIOL,ROME,ITALY.
CUBAN MINIST PUBL HLTH,HAVANA,CUBA.
CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,ATLANTA,GA.
PAN AMER HLTH ORG,WASHINGTON,DC 20090.
NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20514.
US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
RI Torroni, Antonio/E-1557-2011
OI Torroni, Antonio/0000-0002-4163-4478
FU NEI NIH HHS [P30 EY06360]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 46915]; NINDS NIH HHS
[NS21328]
NR 49
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 1
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 1059-7794
J9 HUM MUTAT
JI Hum. Mutat.
PY 1995
VL 5
IS 4
BP 310
EP 317
DI 10.1002/humu.1380050407
PG 8
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA QZ864
UT WOS:A1995QZ86400006
PM 7627185
ER
PT S
AU TRUCKSESS, MW
KOELTZOW, DE
AF TRUCKSESS, MW
KOELTZOW, DE
BE Nelson, JO
Karu, AE
Wong, RB
TI EVALUATION AND APPLICATION OF IMMUNOCHEMICAL METHODS FOR MYCOTOXINS IN
FOOD
SO IMMUNOANALYSIS OF AGROCHEMICALS: EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Immunoanalysis of Agrochemicals - Emerging Technologies, at
the 207th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY MAR 13-17, 1994
CL SAN DIEGO, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agrochem
ID FUSARIUM MYCOTOXINS; FUMONISIN; CORN
AB Immunoassays have been developed for several mycotoxins including aflatoxins, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, and fumonisins. These assays can determine such analytes in a variety of matrices and provide rapid analyses of a large number of test samples. Commercial immunochemical test kits are often evaluated on the basis of sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility, cost, time stability, and ease of use. Laboratory quality assurance checks, such as standard curves and positive controls, are essential. It is also important to differentiate interferences due to matrix effects from high levels of analyte. The criteria for interpretation of results from yes/no test and quantitative tests are presented, as well as results of collaborative studies of immunochemical methods for aflatoxins and zearalenone in grains and grain products and surveillance findings obtained by using these methods for aflatoxins, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, and fumonisins. Some of the criteria used to evaluate mycotoxin immunoassay procedures and experience in using them as surveillance tools can serve as models for similar approaches to the determination of pesticide residues in foods.
C1 US DEPT AGR,FED GRAINS INSPECT SERV,KANSAS CITY,KS 66153.
RP TRUCKSESS, MW (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV NAT PROD,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 12
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0097-6156
BN 0-8412-3149-4
J9 ACS SYM SER
PY 1995
VL 586
BP 326
EP 334
PG 9
WC Agronomy; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical;
Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Environmental
Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA BD40J
UT WOS:A1995BD40J00023
ER
PT S
AU Max, EE
Mills, FC
Harindranath, N
AF Max, EE
Mills, FC
Harindranath, N
BE Casali, P
Silberstein, LE
TI Human immunoglobulin isotype switching - Studies at the DNA level
SO IMMUNOGLOBULIN GENE EXPRESSION IN DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASE
SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Immunoglobulin Gene Expression in Development and Disease
CY JUL 13-17, 1994
CL MONTREAL, CANADA
SP New York Acad Sci
ID HEAVY-CHAIN SWITCH; B-CELLS; RECOMBINATION BREAKPOINTS; IGE SYNTHESIS;
INTERLEUKIN-4; EPSILON; IGG4; MU; MECHANISM; IL-4
RP Max, EE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
RI Casali, Paolo/F-6579-2010
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021
SN 0077-8923
BN 0-89766-933-9
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 1995
VL 764
BP 136
EP 147
PG 12
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Cell Biology; Immunology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Cell Biology; Immunology
GA BE39E
UT WOS:A1995BE39E00019
PM 7486512
ER
PT S
AU Braden, BC
Cauerhff, A
DallAcqua, W
Fields, BA
Goldbaum, FA
Malchiodi, EL
Mariuzza, RA
Poljak, RJ
Schwarz, FP
Ysern, X
Bhat, TN
AF Braden, BC
Cauerhff, A
DallAcqua, W
Fields, BA
Goldbaum, FA
Malchiodi, EL
Mariuzza, RA
Poljak, RJ
Schwarz, FP
Ysern, X
Bhat, TN
BE Casali, P
Silberstein, LE
TI Structure and thermodynamics of antigen recognition by antibodies
SO IMMUNOGLOBULIN GENE EXPRESSION IN DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASE
SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Immunoglobulin Gene Expression in Development and Disease
CY JUL 13-17, 1994
CL MONTREAL, CANADA
SP New York Acad Sci
ID X-RAY DIFFRACTION; 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PROTEIN
ANTIGEN; SERINE PROTEASE; COMPLEX; LYSOZYME; RESOLUTION; REFINEMENT;
WATER
C1 UNIV MARYLAND,CTR ADV RES BIOTECHNOL,INST BIOTECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850.
NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850.
US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NCI,FREDERICK CANC RES & DEV CTR,BIOMED SUPERCOMP CTR,STRUCT BIOCHEM PROGRAM,FREDERICK,MD 21202.
OI Malchiodi, Emilio/0000-0001-7501-3330
NR 36
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 2
PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021
SN 0077-8923
BN 0-89766-933-9
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 1995
VL 764
BP 315
EP 327
PG 13
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Cell Biology; Immunology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Cell Biology; Immunology
GA BE39E
UT WOS:A1995BE39E00046
PM 7486542
ER
PT J
AU Perrin, PJ
Scott, D
June, CH
Racke, MK
AF Perrin, PJ
Scott, D
June, CH
Racke, MK
TI B7-mediated costimulation can either provoke or prevent clinical
manifestations of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis
SO IMMUNOLOGIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE autoimmunity; B7 receptor family; cytokine; CD80; CD86; CD28;
costimulation; CTLA4-Ig; experimental allergic encephalomyelitis;
monoclonal antibody; T cell
ID T-CELL ACTIVATION; MYELIN BASIC-PROTEIN; AUTOIMMUNE DEMYELINATION;
CLONAL ANERGY; LYMPHOCYTE-T; ANTIGEN; REQUIREMENTS; ACCEPTANCE;
ANTIBODIES; TOLERANCE
AB T-cell activation requires signalling provided by ligation of the T-cell receptor for antigen (TCR) and a second antigen (Ag) nonspecific signal, known as costimulation. The B7 receptors, CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2), on the Ag-presenting cell (APC), interact with T-cell CD28 or CTLA-4 to deliver a costimulatory signal, which is particularly important for Th1 activation. Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an autoimmune disorder, induced by Th1 cells directed against myelin antigens that provides an in vivo model for studying the role of B7-mediated costimulation in the induction of a pathological immune response. Using a soluble fusion protein ligand for the B7 receptors, as well as specific monoclonal antibodies specific for either CD80 or CD86, it has been demonstrated that B7 costimulation plays a prominent role in determining clinical disease outcome in EAE. Here we review recent data indicating that a paradoxical exacerbation of disease as well as the expected amelioration of disease can occur with costimulatory receptor blockade.
C1 US FDA,BETHESDA,MD.
WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,ST LOUIS,MO 63110.
RP Perrin, PJ (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,IMMUNE CELL BIOL PROGRAM,MAIL STOP 06,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA.
NR 47
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 0
PU KARGER
PI BASEL
PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 0257-277X
J9 IMMUNOL RES
JI Immunol. Res.
PY 1995
VL 14
IS 3
BP 189
EP 199
DI 10.1007/BF02918216
PG 11
WC Immunology
SC Immunology
GA TR930
UT WOS:A1995TR93000003
PM 8778209
ER
PT J
AU HASTINGS, KL
THOMAS, C
BROWN, AP
GANDOLFI, AJ
AF HASTINGS, KL
THOMAS, C
BROWN, AP
GANDOLFI, AJ
TI TRIFLUOROACETYLATION POTENTIATES THE HUMORAL IMMUNE-RESPONSE TO
HALOTHANE IN THE GUINEA-PIG
SO IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY AND IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HEPATITIS; MODEL; HEPATOTOXICITY; BIOTRANSFORMATION; NEOANTIGENS;
METABOLITE; ANTIBODIES
AB Halothane hepatitis appears to result from an inappropriate immune response to the products of halothane metabolism. Attempts to produce an animal model for halothane hepatitis have been largely unsuccessful. Although guinea pigs produce neoantigens following treatment with halothane, the subsequent antibody response is weak, possibly accounting for the failure to produce halothane hepatitis in these animals. In order to increase the antibody response to halothane neoantigens, three methods for trifluoroacetylating proteins were used. Guinea pigs were either treated with S-ethylthiotrifluoroacetate, autologous lymphocytes trifluoroacetylated ex vivo, or immunized with trifluoroacetylated mycobacterial protein, followed by exposure to halothane, and examined for anti-halothane metabolite antibodies (anti-TEA antibodies). Animals treated with S-ethylthiotrifluoroacetate developed anti-TEA antibodies, and following exposure to halothane exhibited an enhanced antibody response. Treatment with trifluoroacetylated lymphocytes also resulted in an enhanced anti-TEA antibody response following halothane exposure. Immunization with trifluoroacetylated mycobacterial proteins resulted in very high anti-TFA antibody titers. However, subsequent exposure to halothane had no observable effect on specific antibody titers. Exposure to halothane, regardless of treatment, resulted in the production of anti-microsomal protein antibodies. Signs of halothane hepatitis were not observed, indicating that enhancement of the humoral immune response does not appear to be sufficient for production of halothane hepatitis.
C1 UNIV ARIZONA,COLL MED,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,TUCSON,AZ 85724.
MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,INST ENVIRONM TOXICOL,DEPT PHARMACOL TOXICOL,E LANSING,MI 48824.
RP HASTINGS, KL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV ANTIVIRAL DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 34788]
NR 21
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARCEL DEKKER INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016
SN 0892-3973
J9 IMMUNOPHARM IMMUNOT
JI Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol.
PY 1995
VL 17
IS 1
BP 201
EP 213
DI 10.3109/08923979509052729
PG 13
WC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA QL752
UT WOS:A1995QL75200014
PM 7759772
ER
PT J
AU BHATNAGAR, NB
ELKINS, KL
FORTIER, AH
AF BHATNAGAR, NB
ELKINS, KL
FORTIER, AH
TI HEAT-STRESS ALTERS THE VIRULENCE OF A RIFAMPIN-RESISTANT MUTANT OF
FRANCISELLA-TULARENSIS LVS
SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
LA English
DT Article
ID SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; MACROPHAGES; EXPRESSION; PROTEINS; INDUCTION;
INFECTION; AVIRULENT; IMMUNITY; BACTERIA; SURVIVE
AB We have studied the stress response of a rifampin-resistant mutant of Francisella tularensis LVS. This mutant, Rif 7, was avirulent with an intraperitoneally administered 50% lethal dose greater than 10(7) CFU in a murine model of infection. Exposure of Rif 7 to heat stress for 5 h in vitro resulted in a 2-log decrease in its 50% lethal dose (P < 0.02). The increase in virulence was dependent on the time of exposure to high temperature and was maximal at 5 h. Envelope preparations from heat-stressed cells showed increased levels of several proteins. Notable among these were polypeptides with approximate molecular masses of 16, 60, and 75 kDa. Increases in both virulence and envelope protein levels were reversed when heat-treated cells were subsequently grown at 37 degrees C. Inhibition of protein synthesis by actinomycin D during heat stress blocked the increase in virulence of Rif 7. Cell-free media from the heat-stressed Rif 7 culture or killed heat-stressed cells were not toxic to mice. Hyperimmune serum against Rif 7 reacted with the whole spectrum of bacterial proteins in Western blots (immunoblots), although its reaction with 34- and 45-kDa proteins and two 60- and 75-kDa proteins upregulated during heat stress was weak Other stress conditions, low iron and low pH, caused similar increases in the virulence of Rif 7. However, examination of the protein profile did not reveal any major common polypeptides induced by different stresses. Heat-treated Rif 7 bacteria were fully able to replicate in macrophages in vitro and in the host tissues, even though heat treatment only partially restored virulence.
C1 ENTREMED INC,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,ENTER & SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DIS LAB,BETHESDA,MD.
NR 25
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0019-9567
J9 INFECT IMMUN
JI Infect. Immun.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 63
IS 1
BP 154
EP 159
PG 6
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA PY400
UT WOS:A1995PY40000023
PM 7806352
ER
PT J
AU MYERS, KR
BEINING, P
BETTS, M
SNIPPE, H
INMAN, J
GOLDING, B
AF MYERS, KR
BEINING, P
BETTS, M
SNIPPE, H
INMAN, J
GOLDING, B
TI MONOPHOSPHORYL LIPID-A BEHAVES AS A T-CELL-INDEPENDENT TYPE-1 CARRIER
FOR HAPTEN-SPECIFIC ANTIBODY-RESPONSES IN MICE
SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
LA English
DT Article
ID MALARIA CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; BRUCELLA-ABORTUS; PHASE-I; ADJUVANT;
LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; ANTIGENS; VACCINE; PEPTIDE; INVIVO; COVALENT
AB It is known that the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of gram-negative bacteria, in addition to being a potent adjuvant, is an effective carrier for covalently associated haptens. However, the toxic nature of most forms of LPS precludes their use as adjuvants or carriers for human vaccines, 4'-Monophosphoryl lipid A (MLA), a derivative of LPS with attenuated toxicity, is currently being tested in humans as an immunological adjuvant. In this study,MLA was tested for its ability to function as a carrier for a small hapten, the trinitrophenyl group (TNP). MW was first modified by addition of 6-aminocaproic acid to the 6' position of the disaccharide backbone (Cap-MLA). TNP was then attached to Cap-MLA via the free amino group, yielding TNP-Cap-MLA. Immunization of normal mice with TNP-Cap-MLA resulted in high-titer anti-TNP responses of immunoglobulin hi and all immunoglobulin G subclasses. Furthermore MLA, like other T-cell-independent type 1 (TI I) carriers, induced responses in athymic and X-linked immunodeficient mice. In all cases, immunization with either MLA alone or TNP-Cap plus MLA failed to induce measurable anti-TNP antibodies of any isotype, indicating that covalent association of MLA and hapten was necessary for MLA's carrier activity to be manifested. These properties of MLA make it a potential candidate as a carrier for vaccine subunit components, such as small peptides, especially for situations in which T-cell help is impaired, as occurs following human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,PLASMA DERIVAT LAB,OFF BLOOD,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NIAID,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
UNIV UTRECHT,EIJKMAN WINKLER LAB MED MICROBIOL,UTRECHT,NETHERLANDS.
RP MYERS, KR (reprint author), RIBI IMMUNOCHEM RES INC,553 OLD CORVALLIS RD,HAMILTON,MT 59840, USA.
NR 40
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0019-9567
J9 INFECT IMMUN
JI Infect. Immun.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 63
IS 1
BP 168
EP 174
PG 7
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA PY400
UT WOS:A1995PY40000025
PM 7806354
ER
PT J
AU SANDLIN, RC
LAMPEL, KA
KEASLER, SP
GOLDBERG, MB
STOLZER, AL
MAURELLI, AT
AF SANDLIN, RC
LAMPEL, KA
KEASLER, SP
GOLDBERG, MB
STOLZER, AL
MAURELLI, AT
TI AVIRULENCE OF ROUGH MUTANTS OF SHIGELLA-FLEXNERI - REQUIREMENT OF
O-ANTIGEN FOR CORRECT UNIPOLAR LOCALIZATION OF ICSA IN THE BACTERIAL
OUTER-MEMBRANE
SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
LA English
DT Article
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; POLYACRYLAMIDE GELS; EVOKE KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS;
INVITRO TRIMERIZATION; INTERCELLULAR SPREAD; VIRULENCE GENE;
GUINEA-PIGS; HELA-CELLS; OMPF PORIN; F-ACTIN
AB Mutations in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Shigella spp. result in attenuation of the bacteria in both in vitro and in vivo models of virulence, although the precise block in pathogenesis is not known. We isolated defined mutations in two genes, galU and rfe, which directly affect synthesis of the LPS of S. flexneri 2a, in order to determine more precisely the step in virulence at which LPS mutants are blocked. The galU and rfe mutants invaded HeLa cells but failed to generate the membrane protrusions (fireworks) characteristic of intracellular motility displayed by wild-type shigellae. Furthermore, the galU mutant was unable to form plaques on a confluent monolayer of eucaryotic cells and the rfe mutant generated only tiny plaques. These observations indicated that the mutants,were blocked in their ability to spread from cell to cell. Western immunoblot analysis of expression of IcsA, the protein essential for intracellular motility and intercellular spread, demonstrated that both mutants synthesized IcsA, although they secreted less of the protein to the extracellular medium than did the wild-type parent. More strikingly, the LPS mutants showed aberrant surface localization of IcsA. Unlike the unipolar localization of IcsA seen in the wild-type parent, the galU mutant expressed the protein in a circumferential fashion. The rfe mutant had an intermediate phenotype in that it displayed some localization of IcsA at one pole while also showing diffuse localization around the bacterium. Given the known structures of the LPS of wild-type S. flexneri 2a, the rfe mutant, and the galU mutant, we hypothesize that the core and O-antigen components of LPS are critical elements in the correct unipolar localization of IcsA. These observations indicate a more precise role for LPS in Shigella pathogenesis.
C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,F EDWARD HEBERT SCH MED,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,BETHESDA,MD 20814.
US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
YESHIVA UNIV ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,BRONX,NY 10461.
FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI24656, T32 AI07308]
NR 49
TC 109
Z9 113
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0019-9567
J9 INFECT IMMUN
JI Infect. Immun.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 63
IS 1
BP 229
EP 237
PG 9
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA PY400
UT WOS:A1995PY40000033
PM 7528731
ER
PT J
AU STYRT, B
AF STYRT, B
TI READING THE TUBERCULIN TEST - NOT A TRIVIAL TASK - COMMENTARY
SO INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
LA English
DT Note
ID SKIN-TEST; PEN METHOD; PALPATION; MANTOUX
RP STYRT, B (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV EPIDEMIOL & SURVEILLANCE,EPIDEMIOL BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI BALTIMORE
PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436
SN 1056-9103
J9 INFECT DIS CLIN PRAC
JI Infect. Dis. Clin. Pract.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 4
IS 1
BP 74
EP 76
DI 10.1097/00019048-199501000-00024
PG 3
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA QE144
UT WOS:A1995QE14400020
ER
PT J
AU HUANG, MJ
DOERGE, D
BODOR, N
POP, E
BREWSTER, ME
AF HUANG, MJ
DOERGE, D
BODOR, N
POP, E
BREWSTER, ME
TI NITROGEN RADICAL CATIONS AS INTERMEDIATES IN ENZYMATICALLY MEDIATED
OXIDATIVE DEAMINATIONS-APPLICATION OF MOLECULAR PARAMETRIC MODELS
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 35th Annual Sanibel Symposium
CY FEB 25-MAR 04, 1995
CL PONCE LEON CONF CTR, ST AUGUSTINE, FL
SP Univ Florida, Quantum Theory Project, USA, Army Res Off, USA, Edgewood RD&E Ctr, USN, Off Naval Res, Int Sci Fdn, IBM Corp, Silicon Graph Inc, HyperCube Inc, Univ Florida
HO PONCE LEON CONF CTR
ID ABSOLUTE ELECTRONEGATIVITY; HARDNESS; ACIDS; MUTAGENICITY; MECHANISM;
BASES
AB Experimentally measured rates for the oxidation of p-substituted benzyl amines by bovine monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B) derived from the literature were examined with respect to the effects of molecular (semiempirically (AM1) derived) electronic, steric, and lipophilicity parameters. These properties included vertical and adiabatic ionization potential, LUMO energy, the LUMO-HOMO difference, molecular hardness, absolute electronegativity, calculated log P values, molecular volume, surface area, and ovality. Substrate oxidation rates (log k(cat)/K-m) were found to correlate with molecular ovality and vertical ionization potential while the rate of enzymatic (flavin) reduction associated with substrate oxidation (log k(red)) was described by a two-parameter model containing an ovality and an absolute electronegativity term. These results are consistent with an initial one-electron substrate oxidation mechanism. In previous work, use of classical Hansch analysis suggested that electronic terms were not important in the enzymatic reactions. This discrepancy may be related nontransferability inherent in fragment approaches which assume that the substituent of interest behaves similarly in all molecular scaffolds. Analysis of substrate binding (log K-d) to the enzyme was described by a two-parameter model containing a calculated log P term as well as LUMO energy. The significant correlation found with LUMO energy is consistent with studies suggesting that this property is important for drug-receptor interactions. (C) 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72074.
PHARMOS CORP,ALACHUA,FL 32615.
RP HUANG, MJ (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,COLL PHARM,CTR DRUG DISCOVERY,GAINESVILLE,FL 32610, USA.
NR 27
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0020-7608
J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM
JI Int. J. Quantum Chem.
PY 1995
SU 22
BP 171
EP 179
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications;
Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics
GA TJ568
UT WOS:A1995TJ56800016
ER
PT J
AU SWAIN, SM
PARKER, B
WELLSTEIN, A
LIPPMAN, ME
STEAKLEY, C
DELAP, R
AF SWAIN, SM
PARKER, B
WELLSTEIN, A
LIPPMAN, ME
STEAKLEY, C
DELAP, R
TI PHASE-I TRIAL OF PENTOSAN POLYSULFATE
SO INVESTIGATIONAL NEW DRUGS
LA English
DT Article
DE PENTOSAN POLYSULFATE; ADULT SOLID TUMORS; PHASE I TRIAL
ID GROWTH-FACTOR; HEPARIN; ANGIOGENESIS; METABOLISM; INHIBITION; CRITERIA;
TOXICITY; INVITRO; CELLS
AB Pentosan polysulfate is a semisynthetic pentasaccharide heparinoid derived from beechwood shavings. A total of nineteen patients with various adult solid tumors were treated with three dose levels (15, 22.5, and 30 mg/m(2)/dose) of subcutaneous pentosan polysulfate every 6 hours. The dose limiting toxicities were thrombocytopenia and elevated transaminases at the dose of 30 mg/m(2) every 6 hours. The recommended starting dose for phase II trials is 22.5 mg/m(2) given every 6 hours. There was an increase in anticoagulant activity as measured by activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) at the dose of 22.5 mg/m(2) every 6 hours in most patients. There were no objective responses and three patients had stable disease lasting 16, 19 and 76 weeks.
C1 NCI,MED ONCOL BRANCH,CLIN ONCOL PROGRAM,WASHINGTON,DC.
GEORGETOWN UNIV,LOMBARDI CANC RES CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20007.
GEORGETOWN UNIV,LOMBARDI CANC RES CTR,DEPT MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20007.
US FDA,DIV ONCOL & PULM DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD.
OI Wellstein, Anton/0000-0002-0570-4950
NR 20
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 2
PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL
PI DORDRECHT
PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-6997
J9 INVEST NEW DRUG
JI Invest. New Drugs
PY 1995
VL 13
IS 1
BP 55
EP 62
DI 10.1007/BF02614221
PG 8
WC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA RX433
UT WOS:A1995RX43300008
PM 7499109
ER
PT J
AU KAZEMPOUR, K
KAMMERMAN, LA
FARR, SS
AF KAZEMPOUR, K
KAMMERMAN, LA
FARR, SS
TI SURVIVAL EFFECTS OF ZDV, DDI, AND DDC IN PATIENTS WITH
CD4-LESS-THAN-OR-EQUAL-TO-50 CELLS/MM(3)
SO JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES AND HUMAN RETROVIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st Annual Symposium on Surrogate Markers of HIV - Strategies and Issues
for Selection and Use
CY OCT 12-14, 1994
CL ARLINGTON, VA
SP Cambridge Healthtech Inst
DE SUBGROUP ANALYSIS; CD4 CELL COUNT; HYPOTHESIS TESTING; METAANALYSIS
ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; CONTROLLED TRIAL
AB Seven major clinical trials for the treatment of HIV-ififected individuals are investigated. The treatments used in these trials were zidovudine, dideoxyinosine, dideoxycytosine, and one combination for patients with CD4 cell counts <500 cells/mm3. Patients in each trial are partitioned into two subgroups based on their baseline CD4 cell counts: patients with CD4 less than or equal to 50 cells/mm(3) and patients with CD4 >50 cells/mm(3). The difference between treatment effects, using survival as a measure of effect, within each subgroup is calculated separately for each trial; this difference is referred to as ''subgroup response.'' For each trial the difference between the subgroup responses is calculated and standardized. A meta-analysis is conducted over all seven trials for the differences between subgroup responses; the consistency of responses is evaluated across all trials among patients within baseline CD4 subgroups. Based on the result of this meta-analysis we conclude that there is no evidence that the treatment effects in patients with CD4 less than or equal to 50 cells/mm(3) are different from those among patients with CD4 >50 cellsimm3. This result is observed in patients with different antiviral experience and different baseline characteristics. Risk ratios as well as chi(2) statistics are used to quantify the response rates in different subgroups. Kaplan-Meier curves of survival for these trials are depicted for all patients and each subgroup separately. In most of the trials the Kaplan-Meier curves for the patients with CD4 less than or equal to 50 cells/mm(3) resemble those for all patients. This finding implies that most of the clinical events, and therefore statistical power, in the analyses of these trials came from patients with CD4 less than or equal to 50 cells/mm(3). Therefore, the exclusion of patients with CD4 less than or equal to 50 cells/mm(3) may result in prolonged and/or larger clinical trials.
RP KAZEMPOUR, K (reprint author), US FDA,DIV BIOMETR,PARKLAWN BLDG HFD-530,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 14
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106
SN 1077-9450
J9 J ACQ IMMUN DEF SYND
JI J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol.
PY 1995
VL 10
SU 2
BP S97
EP S106
PG 10
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA TD186
UT WOS:A1995TD18600015
PM 7552521
ER
PT J
AU LEE, SC
PROSKY, L
AF LEE, SC
PROSKY, L
TI INTERNATIONAL SURVEY ON DIETARY FIBER - DEFINITION, ANALYSIS, AND
REFERENCE MATERIALS
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID GRAVIMETRIC METHOD; FOOD-PRODUCTS
AB An international survey was conducted to get the views of 147 professionals in the field on the definition of dietary fiber. The survey also solicited opinions on analytical methods for nutrition labeling, quality control, and nutrition research. The survey finds that dietary fiber is generally defined as polysaccharides and lignin that are not hydrolyzed by human alimentary enzymes. Support is strong for expansion of the definition to include oligosaccharides that are resistant to hydrolysis by human alimentary enzymes. Among techniques for nutrition labeling and quality control, enzymatic-gravimetric methods get the highest support. For nutrition research, more detailed methods such as gas-liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography were considered more appropriate. Respondents support labeling of total, soluble, and insoluble dietary fiber or total dietary fiber alone as sufficient for nutrition labeling of food packages. However, for nutrition research, detailed analytical methods, improvements in accuracy (i.e., closer simulation of in vitro techniques to conditions of human gastrointestinal tract), and improvements in precision and simplicity are suggested. Less than 20% of the participants use reference materials for dietary fiber analysis.
C1 US FDA,DIV PROGRAMS & ENFORCEMENT POLICY,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
RP LEE, SC (reprint author), KELLOGG CO,BATTLE CREEK,MI 49016, USA.
NR 26
TC 38
Z9 42
U1 0
U2 10
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 78
IS 1
BP 22
EP 36
PG 15
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA QG945
UT WOS:A1995QG94500007
PM 7703724
ER
PT J
AU HOLLAND, DC
MUNNS, RK
ROYBAL, JE
HURLBUT, JA
LONG, AR
AF HOLLAND, DC
MUNNS, RK
ROYBAL, JE
HURLBUT, JA
LONG, AR
TI LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF THE ANTICOCCIDIAL DRUG
HALOFUGINONE HYDROBROMIDE IN EGGS
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
AB A liquid chromatographic (LC) method is described for the determination of 5-100 ppb halofuginone hydrobromide (HFG) in eggs. HFG as the free base is extracted from eggs with ethyl acetate. The extract is cleaned up on an acidic Celite 545 column. A Waters C-18 column is used for LC separation with UV determination at 243 nm. The isocratic mobile phase is a mixture of water-acetonitrile-ammonium acetate buffer (12 + 5 + 3) and acetic acid. The interassay average recovery from eggs was 90.4%, with a standard deviation of 5.11 and a relative standard deviation of 5.65%.
RP HOLLAND, DC (reprint author), US FDA,DENVER FED CTR,ANIM DRUGS RES CTR,DENVER,CO 80225, USA.
NR 7
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 78
IS 1
BP 37
EP 40
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA QG945
UT WOS:A1995QG94500008
PM 7703725
ER
PT J
AU KENYON, AS
FLINN, PE
LAYLOFF, TP
AF KENYON, AS
FLINN, PE
LAYLOFF, TP
TI RAPID SCREENING OF PHARMACEUTICALS BY THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY -
ANALYSIS OF ESSENTIAL DRUGS BY VISUAL METHODS
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
AB A method for rapidly screening pharmaceuticals by thin-layer chromatography has been designed for use in areas with limited resources and by operators with limited training, An apparatus for performing the analysis in a plastic bag under equilibrium conditions was designed. Results can be reproduced by different operators and in different locations, The analysis can be performed without electricity or in a remote area, away from a laboratory, It is especially suited for field use in developing countries, The method is low cost, maintenance-free, fast, and reliable; it also uses limited volumes of solvents. The analyses can be performed without weighing if reference materials can be supplied in tablet form, provided the drug content is listed and only one unit is required for each analysis. All procedures were developed for the analysis of drugs from a partial list of essential drugs established by the World Health Organization. Three drugs were selected and prepared in the form of reference tablets, Comparisons with the analyses of the drugs in standard dosage forms were made by using reference tablets and primary USP standards, Comparable results were obtained, proving that the screening process can be conducted by using reference tablets and without weighing either the sample or the reference. The method has been successfully demonstrated and used in Swaziland, by high school teachers in the United States, and by personnel from the Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia, Personnel can be trained in a short time to perform screening analysis of drugs.
RP KENYON, AS (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV DRUG ANAL,1114 MARKET ST,ROOM 1002,ST LOUIS,MO 63101, USA.
NR 6
TC 15
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 3
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 78
IS 1
BP 41
EP 49
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA QG945
UT WOS:A1995QG94500009
PM 7703726
ER
PT J
AU REEVES, VB
AF REEVES, VB
TI LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC PROCEDURE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF NOVOBIOCIN
RESIDUES IN BOVINE-MILK - INTERLABORATORY STUDY
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
AB Novobiocin is used for the treatment of mastitis in dairy cattle, In 1982, the tolerance was set at 0.1 ppm in milk from dairy animals, A laboratory trial has been completed for a liquid chromatographic procedure that can quantitate novobiocin residues in bovine milk at tolerance level, In this procedure the milk is diluted with buffer, the proteins are precipitated with methanol, and the solution is filtered. Novobiocin is determined after separation of milk components using reversed-phase chromatography with UV detection at 340 nm. The participating laboratories analyzed 2 concentrations of biologically incurred residues as well as control milk and control milk fortified at 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 ppm, Recoveries of novobiocin reported by the participating laboratories were 89 to 99% at 0.05 ppm; 93 to 101% at 0.1 ppm; and 89 to 100% at 0.2 ppm, Coefficients of variation (CVs) ranged from 2.0 to 6.2%, The average concentrations for the low levels of incurred novobiocin in milk samples were 0.073, 0.072, and 0.081 ppm, with intralaboratory CVs of 3.3, 7.2, and 2.4%, respectively, The samples with high levels of incurred novobiocin averaged 0.139, 0.121, and 0.144 ppm, with CVs of 6.2, 0.7, and 4.7%, respectively.
RP REEVES, VB (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,CTR AGR RES E,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA.
NR 4
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 78
IS 1
BP 55
EP 58
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA QG945
UT WOS:A1995QG94500011
PM 7703728
ER
PT J
AU NG, L
AF NG, L
TI DRUGS-IV
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
RP NG, L (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 78
IS 1
BP 126
EP 126
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA QG945
UT WOS:A1995QG94500028
ER
PT J
AU CICHOWICZ, SM
AF CICHOWICZ, SM
TI FORENSIC SCIENCES
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
RP CICHOWICZ, SM (reprint author), US FDA,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 78
IS 1
BP 128
EP 128
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA QG945
UT WOS:A1995QG94500031
ER
PT J
AU FAZIO, T
AF FAZIO, T
TI FOOD-ADDITIVES
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
RP FAZIO, T (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 78
IS 1
BP 130
EP 132
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA QG945
UT WOS:A1995QG94500033
ER
PT J
AU THOMPSON, RD
AF THOMPSON, RD
TI NONALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
RP THOMPSON, RD (reprint author), US FDA,240 HENNEPIN AVE,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55401, USA.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 78
IS 1
BP 132
EP 134
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA QG945
UT WOS:A1995QG94500035
ER
PT J
AU TRUCKSESS, MW
AF TRUCKSESS, MW
TI MYCOTOXINS
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Review
ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SUPERCRITICAL-FLUID EXTRACTION;
LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; OCHRATOXIN-A; FUSARIUM MYCOTOXINS;
IMMUNOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS; FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; POLYCLONAL ANTIBODIES;
ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; CYCLOPIAZONIC ACID
RP TRUCKSESS, MW (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NAT PROD,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 119
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 1
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 78
IS 1
BP 135
EP 141
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA QG945
UT WOS:A1995QG94500037
ER
PT J
AU BETZ, JM
AF BETZ, JM
TI PLANT TOXINS
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID MUSHROOM AGARICUS-BISPORUS; CHROMATOGRAPHY; MUTAGENICITY; HERBS; WOMEN
RP BETZ, JM (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NAT PROD,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 78
IS 1
BP 141
EP 144
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA QG945
UT WOS:A1995QG94500038
ER
PT J
AU PROSKY, L
AF PROSKY, L
TI DIETARY FIBER AND COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
RP PROSKY, L (reprint author), US FDA,DIV PROGRAMS & ENFORCEMENT POLICY,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 78
IS 1
BP 149
EP 150
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA QG945
UT WOS:A1995QG94500040
ER
PT J
AU FIRESTONE, D
AF FIRESTONE, D
TI FATS AND OILS
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ACIDS; MARGARINES; LIPIDS; CIS; GC
RP FIRESTONE, D (reprint author), US FDA,DIV PESTICIDES & IND CHEM,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 25
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 78
IS 1
BP 150
EP 155
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA QG945
UT WOS:A1995QG94500041
ER
PT J
AU BUENO, MP
AF BUENO, MP
TI INFANT FORMULA AND MEDICAL DIETS
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
RP BUENO, MP (reprint author), US FDA,DIV SCI & APPL TECHNOL,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 78
IS 1
BP 156
EP 156
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA QG945
UT WOS:A1995QG94500042
ER
PT J
AU DEUTSCH, MJ
AF DEUTSCH, MJ
TI VITAMINS AND OTHER NUTRIENTS
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
RP DEUTSCH, MJ (reprint author), US FDA,OFF FOOD LABELING,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 78
IS 1
BP 158
EP 158
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA QG945
UT WOS:A1995QG94500044
ER
PT J
AU MULVANEY, TR
AF MULVANEY, TR
TI PROCESSED VEGETABLE PRODUCTS
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
RP MULVANEY, TR (reprint author), US FDA,OFF PLANT & DAIRY FOODS & BEVERAGES,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 78
IS 1
BP 166
EP 166
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA QG945
UT WOS:A1995QG94500049
ER
PT J
AU MCMAHON, BM
AF MCMAHON, BM
TI ORGANOHALOGEN RESIDUES AND FUMIGANTS
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
RP MCMAHON, BM (reprint author), US FDA,DIV PESTICIDES & IND CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 3
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 78
IS 1
BP 174
EP 176
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA QG945
UT WOS:A1995QG94500052
ER
PT J
AU BARATTA, EJ
AF BARATTA, EJ
TI RADIOACTIVITY
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
RP BARATTA, EJ (reprint author), US FDA,WINCHESTER ENGN & ANALYT CTR,WINCHESTER,MA 01890, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 78
IS 1
BP 176
EP 177
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA QG945
UT WOS:A1995QG94500054
ER
PT J
AU HITCHINS, AD
AF HITCHINS, AD
TI COSMETIC MICROBIOLOGY
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
RP HITCHINS, AD (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL STUDIES,HFS-516,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 78
IS 1
BP 178
EP 178
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA QG945
UT WOS:A1995QG94500055
ER
PT J
AU PLACENCIA, AM
AF PLACENCIA, AM
TI DRUG-RELATED AND DEVICE-RELATED MICROBIOLOGY
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
RP PLACENCIA, AM (reprint author), US FDA,240 HENNEPIN AVE,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55401, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 78
IS 1
BP 179
EP 180
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA QG945
UT WOS:A1995QG94500057
ER
PT J
AU BOESE, JL
AF BOESE, JL
TI FILTH AND EXTRANEOUS MATERIALS IN FOODS AND DRUGS
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
RP BOESE, JL (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROANALYT EVALUAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 78
IS 1
BP 180
EP 181
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA QG945
UT WOS:A1995QG94500058
ER
PT J
AU ANDREWS, WH
AF ANDREWS, WH
TI FOOD MICROBIOLOGY - NONDAIRY
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID ENRICHMENT MEDIUM; VASSILIADIS
RP ANDREWS, WH (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 10
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 78
IS 1
BP 182
EP 188
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA QG945
UT WOS:A1995QG94500060
ER
PT J
AU ANNUNZIATO, PW
WRIGHT, LF
VANN, WF
SILVER, RP
AF ANNUNZIATO, PW
WRIGHT, LF
VANN, WF
SILVER, RP
TI NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE AND GENETIC-ANALYSIS OF THE NEUD AND NEUB GENES IN
REGION-2 OF THE POLYSIALIC ACID GENE-CLUSTER OF ESCHERICHIA-COLI-K1
SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; ACYLTRANSFERASE LPXA;
MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; BACTERIA; ANTIGEN; IDENTIFICATION; BIOSYNTHESIS;
ACETYLTRANSFERASE; TRANSFERASES
AB The K1 capsular polysaccharide, a polymer of sialic acid, is an important virulence determinant of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli. The genes responsible for the synthesis and expression of the polysialic acid capsule of E. call K1 are located on the 17-kb kps gene cluster, which is functionally divided into three regions. Central region 2 encodes proteins necessary for the synthesis, activation, and polymerization of sialic acid, while flanking regions 1 and 3 are involved in polymer transport to the cell surface. In this study, we identified two genes at the proximal end of region 2, neuD and neuB, which encode proteins with predicted sizes of 22.7 and 38.7 kDa, respectively. Several observations suggest that the neuB gene encodes sialic acid synthase. EV24, a neuB chromosomal mutant that expresses a capsule when provided exogenous sialic acid, could be complemented in trans by the cloned neuB gene. In addition, NeuB has significant sequence similarity to the product of the cpsB gene of Neisseria meningitidis group B, which is postulated to encode sialic acid synthase. We also present data indicating that neuD has an essential role in K1 polymer production. Cells harboring pSR426, which contains all of region 2 but lacks region 1 and 3 genes, produce an intracellular polymer. In contrast, no polymer accumulated in cells carrying a derivative of pSR426 lacking a functional neuD gene. Unlike strains with mutations in neuB, however, neuD mutants are not complemented by exogenous sialic acid, suggesting that NeuD is not involved in sialic acid synthesis. Additionally, cells harboring a mutation in neuD accumulated sialic acid and CMP-sialic acid. We also found no significant differences between the endogenous and exogenous sialyltransferase activities of a neuD mutant and the wild-type organism. NeuD shows significant similarity to a family of bacterial acetyltransferases, leading to the theory that NeuD is an acetyltransferase which may exert its influeuce through modification of other region 2 proteins.
C1 UNIV ROCHESTER,SCH MED & DENT,DEPT PEDIAT,ROCHESTER,NY 14642.
UNIV ROCHESTER,SCH MED & DENT,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,ROCHESTER,NY 14642.
CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BACTERIAL POLYSACCHARIDES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI26655]; NICHD NIH HHS [5T32HDO7383]
NR 60
TC 59
Z9 59
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0021-9193
J9 J BACTERIOL
JI J. Bacteriol.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 177
IS 2
BP 312
EP 319
PG 8
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA QB307
UT WOS:A1995QB30700006
PM 7814319
ER
PT J
AU MULLIGAN, KJ
MCCAULEY, H
AF MULLIGAN, KJ
MCCAULEY, H
TI FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE DETERMINATION OF RESIDUAL SOLVENTS IN
PHARMACEUTICALS BY AUTOMATED STATIC HEADSPACE SAMPLING COUPLED TO
CAPILLARY GC-MS
SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ORGANIC VOLATILE IMPURITIES
RP MULLIGAN, KJ (reprint author), US FDA,NATL FORENS CHEM CTR,1141 CENT PKWY,CINCINNATI,OH 45202, USA.
NR 19
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 9
PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC
PI NILES
PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648
SN 0021-9665
J9 J CHROMATOGR SCI
JI J. Chromatogr. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 33
IS 1
BP 49
EP 54
PG 6
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA PZ059
UT WOS:A1995PZ05900007
PM 7852481
ER
PT J
AU LYMAN, CA
DEVI, SJN
NATHANSON, J
FRASCH, CE
PIZZO, PA
WALSH, TJ
AF LYMAN, CA
DEVI, SJN
NATHANSON, J
FRASCH, CE
PIZZO, PA
WALSH, TJ
TI DETECTION AND QUANTITATION OF THE GLUCURONOXYLOMANNAN-LIKE
POLYSACCHARIDE ANTIGEN FROM CLINICAL AND NONCLINICAL ISOLATES OF
TRICHOSPORON BEIGELII AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PATHOGENICITY
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LATEX AGGLUTINATION-TEST; CRYPTOCOCCUS-NEOFORMANS; INFECTION; PATIENT;
MODEL
AB Sera from patients with systemic infections caused by the opportunistic fungus Trichosporon beigelii have been shown to cross-react with anticryptococcal antibodies. We quantitatively compared the amounts of antigen produced and examined the expression of O-acetyl epitopes from 35 strains of T. beigelii isolated from deep and superficial infections. By counterimmunoelectrophoresis, 10 of 10 isolates from deep infections were positive for polysaccharide, compared with 7 of 13 isolates from superficial infections (P = 0.02). All 23 strains tested were positive for polysaccharide when screened by immunodot, By enzyme immunoassay, the cross-reactive antigen produced by deep isolates (n = 9) had a mean titer of 1:5,500, In contrast, superficial isolates (n = 22) produced significantly less antigen than the deep isolates (P < 0.001), with a mean titer of 1:700, Isolates from environmental sources (n = 3) were similar to the superficial isolates, with a mean titer of 1:600, The mean concentrations +/- standard errors of cross-reactive polysaccharide released by deep isolates and superficial isolates were 3.09 +/- 0.44 and 1.74 +/- 0.30 mu g/ml, respectively, when measured by rocket immunoelectrophoresis (P = 0.02), O-Acetyl epitopes were detected on polysaccharide from 8 of 9 strains of T. beigelii isolated from deep sources, while only 2 of 12 superficial isolates expressed detectable O-acetyl epitopes (P = 0.01), Thus, while all isolates of T. beigelii tested were capable of producing glucuronoxylomannan-like cross-reactive antigen, pathogenic isolates produced significantly more antigen than superficial or environmental isolates, Furthermore, significantly more pathogenic isolates than superficial or environmental isolates expressed antigen that was O acetylated.
C1 NCI,PEDIAT BRANCH,INFECT DIS SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NR 31
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0095-1137
J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL
JI J. Clin. Microbiol.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 33
IS 1
BP 126
EP 130
PG 5
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA PX472
UT WOS:A1995PX47200026
PM 7535310
ER
PT J
AU CEBULA, TA
PAYNE, WL
FENG, P
AF CEBULA, TA
PAYNE, WL
FENG, P
TI SIMULTANEOUS IDENTIFICATION OF STRAINS OF ESCHERICHIA-COLI SEROTYPE
O157-H7 AND THEIR SHIGA-LIKE TOXIN TYPE BY MISMATCH AMPLIFICATION
MUTATION ASSAY-MULTIPLEX PCR
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Note
ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; GENES
AB Mismatch amplification mutation assay primers, specific for a unique base substitution in uidA of Escherichia call O157:H7, was coupled with primers for the Shiga-like toxin I (SLT-I) and SLT-II genes in a multiplex PCR assay. Analysis of 108 bacteria showed that all Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 strains were identified simultaneously with the SLT types encoded by these strains.
C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
NR 18
TC 285
Z9 295
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0095-1137
J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL
JI J. Clin. Microbiol.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 33
IS 1
BP 248
EP 250
PG 3
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA PX472
UT WOS:A1995PX47200055
PM 7535315
ER
PT J
AU KRAUSE, PR
STANBERRY, LR
BOURNE, N
CONNELLY, B
KURAWADWALA, JF
PATEL, A
STRAUS, SE
AF KRAUSE, PR
STANBERRY, LR
BOURNE, N
CONNELLY, B
KURAWADWALA, JF
PATEL, A
STRAUS, SE
TI EXPRESSION OF THE HERPES-SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE-2 LATENCY-ASSOCIATED
TRANSCRIPT ENHANCES SPONTANEOUS REACTIVATION OF GENITAL HERPES IN
LATENTLY INFECTED GUINEA-PIGS
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID TRIGEMINAL GANGLIA; MESSENGER-RNA; LAT PROMOTER; SEQUENCE; NEURONS;
REGION; MOUSE; GENE; ESTABLISHMENT; KINETICS
AB The latency-associated transcript (LAT) is the only herpes simplex virus (HSV) gene product detectable in latently infected humans and animals. In this report, we show that a 624-bp deletion in the promoter of the HSV-2 LAT had no discernable effect on viral growth in tissue culture or in acute genital infection of guinea pigs, but impaired LAT accumulation and led to a marked decrease in spontaneous genital recurrences when compared with the behavior of wild-type and rescuant strains. Differences in the ability of the mutant to replicate, or in how readily it established or maintained latency did not account for this finding. Thus, HSV LAT expression facilitates the spontaneous reactivation of latent virus.
C1 UNIV CINCINNATI,COLL MED,CHILDRENS HOSP RES FDN,DEPT PEDIAT,DIV INFECT DIS,CINCINNATI,OH 45229.
NIAID,CLIN INVEST LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
RP KRAUSE, PR (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIRAL PROD,HFM-457,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-15101, AI-22667, AI-29687]
NR 35
TC 67
Z9 68
U1 0
U2 0
PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021
SN 0022-1007
J9 J EXP MED
JI J. Exp. Med.
PD JAN 1
PY 1995
VL 181
IS 1
BP 297
EP 306
DI 10.1084/jem.181.1.297
PG 10
WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA QA042
UT WOS:A1995QA04200029
PM 7807009
ER
PT J
AU WEAGANT, SD
BRYANT, JL
JINNEMAN, KG
AF WEAGANT, SD
BRYANT, JL
JINNEMAN, KG
TI AN IMPROVED RAPID TECHNIQUE FOR ISOLATION OF ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7
FROM FOODS
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION
LA English
DT Article
DE RAPID ISOLATION; ESCHERICHIA COLI O157, H7; IMMUNOMAGNETIC SEPARATION;
POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION
ID SHIGA-LIKE TOXIN; HEMOLYTIC UREMIC SYNDROME; HEMORRHAGIC COLITIS;
NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; CLONING; INFECTIONS; OUTBREAK; DIARRHEA; 0157-H7;
GENES
AB A newly revised enrichment and agar-plating system was rested for selectivity and sensitivity in recovery of unstressed and cold-stressed Escherichia coli O157:H7 from foods. Various foods inoculated with known levels of enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157:H7 (EHEC) were tested by enrichment for 6 h at 37 degrees C in modified tryptic soy broth (mTSB) base supplemented with vancomycin, cefsulodin and cefixime, referred to as EHEC enrichment broth (EEB). Subsequently, portions were spread-plated on sorbitol-MacConkey agar supplemented with tellurite and cefixime (TCSMAC). Further selective enrichment was also examined using immunomagnetic separation (IMS) from the EEB prior to spread-plating on TCSMAC agar. These methods were compared to a procedure of enrichment in mTSB (supplemented with novobiocin) at 37 degrees C for 24 h followed by spread-plating of decimal dilutions on hemorrhagic colitis 4-methylumbelliferyl-B-D-glucuronide (HC-MUG) agar. The new enrichment isolation technique was found to be sensitive at a level of one EHEC organism per 10 g of food in four food types. This represents an approximate 100-fold to 1,000-fold enhancement in sensitivity over the comparative method for foods with high levels of competitive microflora. These enrichment-isolation protocols also were compared in analysis of naturally contaminated raw or undercooked ground beef samples implicated in foodborne illness. EEB-TCSMAC with and without IMS were combined with rapid biochemical tests, and with O157 latex agglutination and confirmation of toxin genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to provide a completed test within 30 h of initiating testing. The new system was successful in 15 of 17 samples, where only 6 of 17 were found positive by the comparative technique.
C1 US FDA, SEAFOOD PROD RES CTR, BOTHELL, WA 98041 USA.
RP WEAGANT, SD (reprint author), US FDA, SEATTLE DIST LAB, BOTHELL, WA 98041 USA.
NR 29
TC 71
Z9 72
U1 0
U2 4
PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC
PI DES MOINES
PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838
SN 0362-028X
J9 J FOOD PROTECT
JI J. Food Prot.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 58
IS 1
BP 7
EP 12
PG 6
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
GA QJ673
UT WOS:A1995QJ67300001
ER
PT J
AU FELDMAN, GM
CHUANG, EJ
FINBLOOM, DS
AF FELDMAN, GM
CHUANG, EJ
FINBLOOM, DS
TI IGG IMMUNE-COMPLEXES INHIBIT IFN-GAMMA-INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION OF THE
FC-GAMMA-RI GENE IN HUMAN MONOCYTES BY PREVENTING THE TYROSINE
PHOSPHORYLATION OF THE P91 (STAT1) TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR
SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION PATHWAY; MUTANT-CELL LINE; INTERFERON-GAMMA; INVITRO
ACTIVATION; BINDING PROTEINS; FACTOR ISGF3; RECEPTOR; KINASE;
EXPRESSION; ALPHA
AB Immune complexes (IC) modulate Ag-driven immune responses in part by their ability to inhibit IFN-gamma-dependent MHC class II expression. Because many genes, including MHC class II Ags, transcriptionally activated by IFN-gamma require the tyrosine phosphorylation of the transcription factor p91 (Stat1), we examined whether IC could suppress IFN-gamma-induced expression of the Fc gamma receptor I gene (Fc gamma RI) in human monocytes and whether this occurred through inhibition of p91 phosphorylation. Preincubation of monocytes on gamma-globulin-coated dishes resulted in a 80% reduction in steady state levels of RNA for the Fc gamma RI gene. Nuclear run-on analysis confirmed that the inhibition was at the level of transcription. Treatment with IC resulted in no change in the IFN-gamma receptor number. In monocytes pretreated with IC, there was a 79% reduction in the formation of FcRF gamma, a p91-containing DNA binding protein complex that is rapidly activated by IFN-gamma, and which recognizes the gamma response region enhancer within the promoter of the Fc gamma RI gene. Furthermore, there was a marked reduction in the tyrosine phosphorylation of p91. Pretreatment with IC resulted in the inhibition of the tyrosine phosphorylation of the tyrosine kinases, Jak1 and Jak2, both of which are involved in IFN-gamma signal transduction. Therefore, culture of monocytes on IC inhibits IFN-gamma-induced expression of the Fc gamma RI gene by preventing tyrosine phosphorylation of p91, probably by the associated inhibition of the tyrosine kinases Jak1 and Jak2.
C1 US FDA, DIV CYTOKINE BIOL, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA.
NR 44
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814
SN 0022-1767
J9 J IMMUNOL
JI J. Immunol.
PD JAN 1
PY 1995
VL 154
IS 1
BP 318
EP 325
PG 8
WC Immunology
SC Immunology
GA PY218
UT WOS:A1995PY21800033
PM 7995951
ER
PT J
AU DHAWAN, S
WEEKS, BS
SODERLAND, C
SCHNAPER, HW
TORO, LA
ASTHANA, SP
HEWLETT, IK
STETLERSTEVENSON, WG
YAMADA, SS
YAMADA, KM
MELTZER, MS
AF DHAWAN, S
WEEKS, BS
SODERLAND, C
SCHNAPER, HW
TORO, LA
ASTHANA, SP
HEWLETT, IK
STETLERSTEVENSON, WG
YAMADA, SS
YAMADA, KM
MELTZER, MS
TI HIV-1 INFECTION ALTERS MONOCYTE INTERACTIONS WITH HUMAN MICROVASCULAR
ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS
SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; AIDS DEMENTIA COMPLEX; TISSUE INHIBITOR;
IV COLLAGENASE; MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTES; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; ADHESION
MOLECULE-1; RHEUMATOID SYNOVIUM; TNF-ALPHA; MACROPHAGES
AB HIV infection of monocytes resulted in a twofold elevation of adhesion molecule LFA-1 (both alpha(L)/CD11a and beta(2)/CD18 subunits) and LFA-3 (CD58), with no apparent increase in LFA-2 (CD2) or various beta(1)-integrins. Homotypic aggregation of monocytes was evident 2 h after exposure to virus and was inhibited by mAbs to both the alpha(L)- and beta(2)-subunits of LFA-1. HIV-infected monocytes also showed a marked increase in adherence to human capillary endothelial cell monolayers derived from brain, lung, and skin. This adherence was inhibited by mAb to either LFA-1 subunit and by mAb to the counter-receptor intercellular adhesion molecule-1. Cocultivation of HIV-infected monocytes with endothelial cells increased permeability of endothelial cell monolayers to I-125 albumin in transwell assay systems. The increased endothelial permeability induced by HIV-infected monocytes was associated with a substantial disruption of the endothelial cell monolayer. Morphologic disruption was not a direct toxic effect on endothelial cells, but appeared to be secondary to changes in endothelial cell-cell or cell-matrix interactions. Northern blot analysis showed increased expression of gelatinase B (92-kDa gelatinase), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 in the HIV-infected monocytes. Consistent with these Northern analyses, secretion of gelatinase activity in culture fluids of HIV-infected monocytes was also increased and was dependent on the stage of virus replication. Incubation of HIV-infected monocytes with the proteinase inhibitors TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 inhibited the increased permeability of endothelial cell monolayers to I-125 albumin. These results suggest possible mechanisms for extravasation of HIV-infected monocytes through vascular endothelium into tissue in early stages of HIV disease.
C1 APPL CELL BIOL RES INST,KIRKLAND,WA 98034,AUSTRALIA.
HAMILTON COLL,DEPT BIOL,CLINTON,NY 13323.
NIDR,DEV BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NCI,PATHOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT CELLULAR IMMUNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307.
RP DHAWAN, S (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV TRANSFUS TRANSMITTED DIS HFM310,1401 ROCKVILLE PIKE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA.
RI Stetler-Stevenson, William/H-6956-2012;
OI Stetler-Stevenson, William/0000-0002-5500-5808; Yamada,
Kenneth/0000-0003-1512-6805
NR 49
TC 100
Z9 100
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814
SN 0022-1767
J9 J IMMUNOL
JI J. Immunol.
PD JAN 1
PY 1995
VL 154
IS 1
BP 422
EP 432
PG 11
WC Immunology
SC Immunology
GA PY218
UT WOS:A1995PY21800043
PM 7527819
ER
PT J
AU RACKE, MK
BURNETT, D
PAK, SH
ALBERT, PS
CANNELLA, B
RAINE, CS
MCFARLIN, DE
SCOTT, DE
AF RACKE, MK
BURNETT, D
PAK, SH
ALBERT, PS
CANNELLA, B
RAINE, CS
MCFARLIN, DE
SCOTT, DE
TI RETINOID TREATMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS - IL-4
PRODUCTION CORRELATES WITH IMPROVED DISEASE COURSE
SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MYELIN BASIC-PROTEIN; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-BETA-1; 13-CIS-RETINOIC
ACID; T-CELLS; AUTOIMMUNE DEMYELINATION; ADOPTIVE TRANSFER; MICE;
ACTIVATION; PREVENTION; CLONES
AB Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by central nervous system inflammation and demyelination. Retinoids regulate cell differentiation and growth by binding to and activating retinoic acid receptors, which seem to be nuclear transcription factors. The effect of retinoids on chronic relapsing EAE produced by the transfer of myelin basic protein (MBP)-specific lymph node cells (LNC) was studied. All-trans-retinoic acid (tRA) inhibited the proliferation of MBP-specific LNC in vitro. However, the capacity of these cells to transfer EAE was markedly reduced by concentrations of tRA that only mildly inhibited T cell proliferation. The presence of tRA during in vitro MB P-specific LNC activation resulted in a considerable increase in IL-4 mRNA, whereas mRNA for IL-2, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma was decreased. Increased IL-4 also was detected in culture supernatants. However, the presence of a neutralizing Ab to IL-4 (11B11) during MBP-specific LNC activation in vitro did not reverse the inhibition of encephalitogenicity caused by tRA. The administration of retinoids in vivo resulted in an improved clinical course, even when given after disease onset. These findings suggest that T cell activation in the presence of tRA results in the development of T cells of the Th2 phenotype, which, in turn, might be responsible for the decrease in the encephalitogenicity of MBP-specific T cells. The modulation by retinoids of an immune response dominated by Th1-like T cells to one in which the protective cytokines of Th2-like cells predominate may have potential relevance for human demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
C1 NINCDS,BIOMETRY & FIELD STUDIES BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
YESHIVA UNIV ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED,DEPT PATHOL NEUROPATHOL,BRONX,NY 10461.
US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
RP RACKE, MK (reprint author), NINCDS,NEUROIMMUNOL BRANCH,9000 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BLDG 10,ROOM 5B-16,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS 07098, NS 08952, NS 11920]
NR 32
TC 193
Z9 195
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814
SN 0022-1767
J9 J IMMUNOL
JI J. Immunol.
PD JAN 1
PY 1995
VL 154
IS 1
BP 450
EP 458
PG 9
WC Immunology
SC Immunology
GA PY218
UT WOS:A1995PY21800046
PM 7527821
ER
PT J
AU SCHENCK, FJ
AF SCHENCK, FJ
TI ISOLATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF IVERMECTIN IN BOVINE-MILK BY MATRIX
SOLID-PHASE DISPERSION (MSPD) EXTRACTION AND LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC
DETERMINATION
SO JOURNAL OF LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID RESIDUES; TISSUES; LIVER
AB A technique for the extraction and liquid chromatographic determination of ivermectin residues in bovine milk is described. Avermectin was used as an internal standard. Fortified and blank milk samples (5.0 mL) were blended with 2.0 g C-18 (octadecylsilyl derivatized silica) in a syringe barrel. After a 2 minute equilibration, the aqueous phase was removed from the column by vacuum aspiration. The ivermectin residues were eluted from the C-18/milk matrix with ethyl acetate. After further cleanup by silica solid phase extraction, ivermectin derivatives were formed and then quantified by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. The recoveries of fortified ivermectin residues (1.0 - 8.0 ppb) averaged 97.7%. The injected extracts are free from matrix interferences making it easy to calculate the amount of residue present.
RP SCHENCK, FJ (reprint author), US FDA,BALTIMORE DIST LAB,900 MADISON AVE,BALTIMORE,MD 21201, USA.
NR 18
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARCEL DEKKER INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016
SN 0148-3919
J9 J LIQ CHROMATOGR
JI J. Liq. Chromatogr.
PY 1995
VL 18
IS 2
BP 349
EP 362
DI 10.1080/10826079508009244
PG 14
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA QE325
UT WOS:A1995QE32500012
ER
PT J
AU WISE, C
FULLERTON, F
AF WISE, C
FULLERTON, F
TI ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINATION OF S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE,
S-ADENOSYLHOMOCYSTEINE, AND S-ADENOSYLETHIONINE IN SAME ISOCRATIC HPLC
RUN, WITH A PROCEDURE FOR PREPARATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE ANALOG
S-ADENOSYLHOMOCYSTEINE SULFOXIDE
SO JOURNAL OF LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID FED METHYL-DEFICIENT; CHOLINE-DEVOID DIET; ACID-DEFINED DIETS;
GLUTAMYLTRANSPEPTIDASE-POSITIVE HEPATOCYTES; DNA METHYLATION; LIVER
CARCINOGENESIS; L-HOMOCYSTEINE; RAT-LIVER; METHIONINE;
2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE
AB Virtually all methyltransferase enzymes are regulated largely by the relative levels of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to its metabolic product, S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). Ethionine is the hepatocarcinogenic antimetabolite of methionine, and has been found to produce hypomethylation of hepatic DNA when fed to rats in acute doses. The hypomethylation apparently results from the accumulation in the liver of S-adenosylethionine (SAE), the sulfur activation product of ethionine, which is a competitive inhibitor of DNA methylase. Researchers seeking to measure SAM and SAH levels by HPLC in the past have experienced numerous analytical problems because of their separation characteristics. Previous methods have either required two separate HPLC runs or used gradient elution to measure the two compounds. The method outlined here, is an accurate and precise method, that measures SAM and SAH as well as SAE in a single isocratic HPLC run. S-Adenosyl-l-homocysteine sulfoxide (SAHO), the sulfoxide of SAH is known to be formed by spontaneous oxidation of SAH during sample preparation and storage. We have prepared the SAHO using a 4 hour process. Since SAHO is not readily available commercially, the present method could be very beneficial to researchers who need to verify whether SAH oxidation has occurred in analytical samples, or whether oxidation of the SAH has occurred in tissues.
RP WISE, C (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NUTR TOXICOL,3900 NCTR RD,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 25
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 9
PU MARCEL DEKKER INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016
SN 0148-3919
J9 J LIQ CHROMATOGR
JI J. Liq. Chromatogr.
PY 1995
VL 18
IS 10
BP 2005
EP 2017
DI 10.1080/10826079508013956
PG 13
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA RD540
UT WOS:A1995RD54000008
ER
PT J
AU CHASE, GW
AKOH, CC
EITENMILLER, RR
LANDEN, WO
AF CHASE, GW
AKOH, CC
EITENMILLER, RR
LANDEN, WO
TI LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR THE CONCURRENT ANALYSIS OF SUCROSE
POLYESTER, VITAMIN-A PALMITATE, AND BETA-CAROTENE IN MARGARINE
SO JOURNAL OF LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID GEL-PERMEATION CHROMATOGRAPHY; REVERSE PHASE CHROMATOGRAPHY; RETINYL
PALMITATE; INFANT FORMULAS
AB A liquid chromatographic method is described for the concurrent analysis of sucrose polyester (SPE), vitamin A and beta-carotene in margarine. The SPE and vitamins are separated from the acylglycerol by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The GPC system is equipped with a refractive index and ultraviolet (UV) detector (313 nm) to monitor the peak elution. Following collection, the vitamins and SPE are analyzed by C-18 reverse phase chromatography. A ternary gradient of acetonitrile, methylene chloride and isopropanol with evaporative light scattering detection is used for SPE analysis. Vitamin A and beta-carotene are quantitated after isocratic elution with acetonitrile/methylene chloride/methanol (700/300/2, v/v/v) as mobile phase and detection at 313 nm and 436 nm, respectively. Well resolved, interference free chromatograms were obtained for each analyte.
C1 UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT FOOD SCI & TECHNOL,ATHENS,GA 30602.
US FDA,ATLANTA,GA 30309.
RI Akoh, Casimir/F-6460-2011
OI Akoh, Casimir/0000-0002-2323-9298
NR 9
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 3
PU MARCEL DEKKER INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016
SN 0148-3919
J9 J LIQ CHROMATOGR
JI J. Liq. Chromatogr.
PY 1995
VL 18
IS 15
BP 3129
EP 3138
DI 10.1080/10826079508010438
PG 10
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA RW726
UT WOS:A1995RW72600013
ER
PT J
AU Doerge, DR
Divi, RL
Hutton, T
Lowes, S
AF Doerge, DR
Divi, RL
Hutton, T
Lowes, S
TI Electrospray mass spectrometric analysis of resorcinol suicide substrate
binding to cytochrome c peroxidase
SO JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd International Symposium on Applied Mass Spectrometry in the Health
Sciences/3rd European Tandem Mass Spectrometry Conference
CY JUL 09-13, 1995
CL BARCELONA, SPAIN
ID LACTOPEROXIDASE-H2O2 COMPOUNDS; GOITROGENS; INACTIVATION; IODINATION;
SITE
AB Suicide inactivation of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) by resorcinol and derivatives was previously demonstrated and this is the likely cause of reported anti-thyroid effects in humans. The enzyme inactivation and covalent binding of resorcinol moieties to TPO and the related enzyme, lactoperoxidase (LPO), were consistent with modification of catalytic amino acid residues. Similar inactivation was not observed with horseradish peroxidase, an enzyme that does not use such catalytic amino acid residues. Yeast cytochrome c peroxidase (CcP) is an enzyme in which the presence of a catalytic tryptophan residue (No. 191) has been unambiguously identified by site-directed mutagenesis. We report here evidence for suicide inactivation of CcP by resorcinol.
In the presence of H2O2, resorcinol causes inactivation of enzymatic activity, loss of visible absorption at 412 nm due to the prosthetic heme group and changes in the electrospray (ES) mass spectrum of CcP. The mass spectrum, derived from maximum entropy transformation of resorcinol-inactivated CcP data, showed molecular mass shifts. The mast prominent shift (Delta M = 135 De) was consistent with addition of one resorcinol moiety and two oxidations of the protein (e.g. Met, Tyr, Trp residues). Additional smaller peaks were observed that could correspond to addition of two, three and four resorcinol units to CcP. The ES mass spectrum of the heme region was consistent with the presence of unmodified protoporphyrin IX (m/z 616) and smaller amounts of resorcinol-modified heme (m/z 724). No such changes in CcP ES mass spectra were observed in the absence of resorcinol or H2O2. These data are consistent with measurements of the covalent binding of radiolabeled resorcinol to CcP that was predominately associated with the polypeptide chain although smaller amounts of binding to the heme were also observed (similar to 5:1). These studies support the proposed mechanism of suicide inactivation for CcP, and also TPO and LPO, and demonstrate the utility of ES mass spectrometry in determining enzymatic mechanisms.
C1 VG ORGAN,ALTRINCHAM WA14 5RZ,ENGLAND.
RP Doerge, DR (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 18
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI W SUSSEX
PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD
SN 1076-5174
J9 J MASS SPECTROM
JI J. Mass Spectrom.
PY 1995
SU S
BP S136
EP S142
PG 7
WC Biophysics; Chemistry, Organic; Spectroscopy
SC Biophysics; Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA UG399
UT WOS:A1995UG39900019
ER
PT J
AU YAMAMOTO, A
WENTHOLD, RJ
ZHANG, J
HERMAN, EH
FERRANS, VJ
AF YAMAMOTO, A
WENTHOLD, RJ
ZHANG, J
HERMAN, EH
FERRANS, VJ
TI IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE TECHNIQUES FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF IMMUNE
EFFECTOR-CELLS IN RAT-HEART - APPLICATIONS TO THE STUDY OF THE
MYOCARDITIS INDUCED BY INTERLEUKIN-2
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE INTERLEUKIN-2; MYOCARDITIS; IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE; DENDRITIC CELLS;
LYMPHOCYTES; LAK CELLS; MACROPHAGES
ID INTERSTITIAL DENDRITIC CELLS; TNF-ALPHA; CLASS-II; LYMPHOCYTES;
EXPRESSION; ANTIGENS; MACROPHAGES; ANTIBODIES; ACTIVATION; INFARCTION
AB A detailed description is presented of immunohistochemical methods for identification of various types of immune effector cells in rat heart, involving the use of antibodies conjugated with different fluorochromes for the simultaneous demonstration of 2 or 3 different antigens by means of fluorescence microscopy. The initial results of the application of these techniques to the study of the myocarditis induced by interleukin-2 (IL-2) are also presented. Antibodies used included: OX6 antibody (for MHC class II molecules, mainly expressed by dendritic cells); W3/25 and OX8 antibody, for the demonstration of the rat equivalents of CD5 and CD8, respectively; asialo-GM(1), ganglioside antibody for the identification of natural killer (NK) cells and lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells, and ED2 antibody for labeling of macrophages. Fluorochromes used were: fluorescein isothiocyanate (green), tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (red), Texas red sulfonyl chloride (red), and 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin-3-acetic acid (blue), IL-2-induced myocarditis was characterized histologically by infiltration of the myocardium by mononuclear inflammatory cells, microvascular alteration, interstitial edema, and myocyte damage and necrosis, In the initial stages, Ng/LAK cells were the predominant type of infiltrating lymphocytes; however, the numbers of these cells decreased sharply in subsequent stages, Macrophages also were initially abundant, and continued to be prevalent throughout the late stages. CD8(+) lymphocytes were more numerous than CD4(+) lymphocytes. Dendritic cells showed a diffuse increase in number and also accumulated around foci of myocyte necrosis. Three phenotypes of dendritic cells were recognized, and the possible implications of these findings are dicussed. It is hoped that these techniques will prove useful for the immunohistochemical evaluation of various inflammatory diseases of the heart.
C1 NHLBI, PATHOL BRANCH, ULTRASTRUCT SECT, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA.
US FDA, CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES, DIV RES & TESTING, LAUREL, MD USA.
NR 28
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0022-2828
EI 1095-8584
J9 J MOL CELL CARDIOL
JI J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 27
IS 1
BP 307
EP 319
DI 10.1016/S0022-2828(08)80029-6
PG 13
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Cell Biology
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Cell Biology
GA QK489
UT WOS:A1995QK48900028
PM 7539083
ER
PT J
AU ALI, SF
CHETTY, SC
MENG, XM
NEWPORT, GD
SLIKKER, W
AF ALI, SF
CHETTY, SC
MENG, XM
NEWPORT, GD
SLIKKER, W
TI A SINGLE INJECTION OF IBOGAINE PRODUCES SELECTIVE NEUROCHEMICAL CHANGES
IN MOUSE-BRAIN
SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,NEUROCHEM LAB,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106
SN 0022-3042
J9 J NEUROCHEM
JI J. Neurochem.
PY 1995
VL 65
SU S
BP S172
EP S172
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA RC601
UT WOS:A1995RC60100677
ER
PT J
AU LESTER, DS
LYON, R
LEWIS, EN
LEVIN, IW
HANIG, JP
AF LESTER, DS
LYON, R
LEWIS, EN
LEVIN, IW
HANIG, JP
TI SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS OF BRAIN-SLICES AS A SYSTEM FOR STUDYING
NEUROTOXICITY
SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 US FDA,CDER,DIV RES & TESTING,LAUREL,MD.
NIDDKD,CHEM PHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106
SN 0022-3042
J9 J NEUROCHEM
JI J. Neurochem.
PY 1995
VL 65
SU S
BP S171
EP S171
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA RC601
UT WOS:A1995RC60100673
ER
PT J
AU LESTER, DS
AF LESTER, DS
TI SYNERGISTIC ACTION OF PHOSPHOLIPASE PRODUCTS ON PROTEIN-KINASE
C-REGULATED LONG-TERM NEURONAL ACTIVITIES
SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV RES & TESTING,LAUREL,MD 20708.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106
SN 0022-3042
J9 J NEUROCHEM
JI J. Neurochem.
PY 1995
VL 65
SU S
BP S4
EP S4
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA RC601
UT WOS:A1995RC60100012
ER
PT J
AU WOODBURY, DH
AF WOODBURY, DH
TI FOOD-AND-DRUG-ADMINISTRATION INVOLVEMENT AND APPROVAL
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR CARDIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
RP WOODBURY, DH (reprint author), US FDA,5600 FISHERS LN,PK LANE BLDG HFTD 160,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 3
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318
SN 1071-3581
J9 J NUCL CARDIOL
JI J. Nucl. Cardiol.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 2
IS 1
BP 62
EP 65
DI 10.1016/S1071-3581(05)80009-1
PG 4
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA QG220
UT WOS:A1995QG22000009
PM 9420763
ER
PT J
AU HERTZMAN, PA
KAUFMAN, LD
LOVE, LA
MEASE, PJ
PHILEN, RM
PINCUS, T
ROSENBERG, NL
SILVER, R
VARGA, J
CLAUW, DJ
AF HERTZMAN, PA
KAUFMAN, LD
LOVE, LA
MEASE, PJ
PHILEN, RM
PINCUS, T
ROSENBERG, NL
SILVER, R
VARGA, J
CLAUW, DJ
TI THE EOSINOPHILIA-MYALGIA-SYNDROME - GUIDELINES FOR PATIENT-CARE
SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID TRYPTOPHAN; MANIFESTATIONS; SPECTRUM
C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,STONY BROOK,NY 11794.
US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
MINOR & JAMES MED CLIN,SEATTLE,WA.
CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,ATLANTA,GA 30341.
VANDERBILT UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT RHEUMATOL,NASHVILLE,TN 37212.
COLORADO NEUROL INST,ENGLEWOOD,CO.
MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DIV RHEUMATOL & IMMUNOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425.
NIMH,ADAMHA,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV,DEPT RHEUMATOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107.
GEORGETOWN UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT RHEUMATOL,WASHINGTON,DC.
RP HERTZMAN, PA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS MED CTR,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA.
NR 16
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO
PI TORONTO
PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO ON M4W 3C7, CANADA
SN 0315-162X
J9 J RHEUMATOL
JI J. Rheumatol.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 22
IS 1
BP 161
EP 163
PG 3
WC Rheumatology
SC Rheumatology
GA QA693
UT WOS:A1995QA69300030
PM 7699664
ER
PT J
AU BROWN, DG
INSANA, MF
TAPIOVAARA, M
AF BROWN, DG
INSANA, MF
TAPIOVAARA, M
TI DETECTION PERFORMANCE OF THE IDEAL DECISION FUNCTION AND ITS MCLAURIN
EXPANSION - SIGNAL POSITION UNKNOWN
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID SYSTEMS; NOISE
C1 UNIV KANSAS,MED CTR,KANSAS CITY,KS 66160.
FINNISH CTR RADIAT & NUCL SAFETY,SF-00101 HELSINKI,FINLAND.
RP BROWN, DG (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 17
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI WOODBURY
PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 97
IS 1
BP 379
EP 398
DI 10.1121/1.412324
PG 20
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA QC161
UT WOS:A1995QC16100044
PM 7860823
ER
PT J
AU SPYKER, DA
AF SPYKER, DA
TI MULTIPLE CHEMICAL SENSITIVITIES - SYNDROME AND SOLUTION
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY-CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Multiple Chemical Sensitivities (MCS), at the Annual
Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Chemical-Toxicology
CY SEP, 1994
CL SALT LAKE CITY, UT
SP AMER ACAD CLIN TOXICOL
DE MULTIPLE CHEMICAL SENSITIVITIES; HUMAN; TREATMENT
ID PROVOCATION
AB After describing two patients seen by the author, we define multiple chemical sensitivities and discuss the scope of the problem and the epidemiology. Although the incidence of multiple chemical sensitivities is not known, the demographics are similar to that of agoraphobia. The classical conditioning model is proposed as a useful description of multiple chemical sensitivities. The desensitization approach to the diagnosis and treatment is proposed. Results with three patients were encouraging and the approach seems worthy of further evaluation and refinement.
RP SPYKER, DA (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CARDIOVASC RESP & NEUROL DEVICES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA.
NR 17
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 1
PU MARCEL DEKKER INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016
SN 0731-3810
J9 J TOXICOL-CLIN TOXIC
JI J. Toxicol.-Clin. Toxicol.
PY 1995
VL 33
IS 2
BP 95
EP 99
PG 5
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA QP017
UT WOS:A1995QP01700002
PM 7897764
ER
PT J
AU CHEN, Z
BERKOWER, I
WANG, RYH
CHING, WM
ALTER, HJ
SHIH, JWK
AF CHEN, Z
BERKOWER, I
WANG, RYH
CHING, WM
ALTER, HJ
SHIH, JWK
TI GENETIC-CONTROL OF THE MURINE HUMORAL RESPONSE TO DISTINCT EPITOPES OF
HEPATITIS-C VIRUS CORE PROTEIN
SO JOURNAL OF VIRAL HEPATITIS
LA English
DT Article
DE EPITOPES; GENETIC REGULATION; HEPATITIS C VIRUS; HUMORAL RESPONSE;
MURINE
ID NON-B-HEPATITIS; NON-A; POSTTRANSFUSION HEPATITIS; TRANSFUSION
HEPATITIS; CLINICAL-FEATURES; VIRAL-HEPATITIS; ANTIGEN; ANTIBODY;
PEPTIDE; INFECTION
AB Recombinant hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein from aa1-164, designated cp1-10, was used to immunize mice. Antibodies to cp1-10 were produced in all seven strains of congenic mice; none of the strains could be considered low responders relative to the others. The mouse response against individual epitopes of HCV core protein varied from one strain to another: B10.RIII(H-2(r)) recognized all three peptides aa13-30, aa77-90, aa129-145: B10.D2 (H-2(d)), B10(H-2(b)) and C3H.SW (H-2(b)) responded to aa13-30, aa77-90: B10.M (H-2(f)), B10.BR (H-2(k)) and C3H/HeJ (H-2(k)) reacted with aa13-30 only. Competitive inhibition of binding demonstrated that antibody to the peptide was inhibited by cp1-10 protein and the corresponding peptide only. Recombinant HCV core protein is highly immunogenic and can elicit good antibody response in mice. The aa13-30 is a major epitope of HCV core protein in mice. The humoral response to the distinct epitopes was regulated by the H-2 genes. Further analysis indicated that the I-a locus of H-2 genes determined the antibody response to aa13-30 and 77-90. These results suggest that the variation of antibody responses to HCV in humans may partially contribute to different outcomes of HCV infection.
C1 NIH, WARREN GRANT MAGNUSON CLIN CTR, DEPT TRANSFUS MED, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA.
US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, OFF VACCINE RES & REVIEW, IMMUNOREGULAT LAB, BETHESDA, MD USA.
ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL, AMER REGISTRY PATHOL, WASHINGTON, DC 20306 USA.
NATL NAVAL MED CTR, DEPT INFECT DIS, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA.
NR 35
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL
SN 1352-0504
J9 J VIRAL HEPATITIS
JI J. Viral Hepatitis
PY 1995
VL 2
IS 1
BP 9
EP 17
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2893.1995.tb00067.x
PG 9
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
GA RK417
UT WOS:A1995RK41700002
PM 7493296
ER
PT J
AU WILSON, CA
EIDEN, MV
ANDERSON, WB
LEHEL, C
OLAH, Z
AF WILSON, CA
EIDEN, MV
ANDERSON, WB
LEHEL, C
OLAH, Z
TI THE DUAL-FUNCTION HAMSTER RECEPTOR FOR AMPHOTROPIC MURINE LEUKEMIA-VIRUS
(MULV), 10A1 MULV, AND GIBBON APE LEUKEMIA-VIRUS IS A PHOSPHATE
SYMPORTER
SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Note
ID INTERFERENCE; CELLS; INFECTION
AB Previously, we showed that the amphotropic receptor homolog in hamster cells functions as a receptor not only for amphotropic murine leukemia viruses and 10A1 murine leukemia virus but also for gibbon ape leukemia virus (C. A. Wilson, K. B. Farrell, and M. V. Eiden, J. Virol. 68:7697-7703, 1994). Here, we demonstrate that this receptor functions as a sodium-dependent Pi transporter and that Na-P, uptake can be specifically blocked following infection with either amphotropic murine leukemia virus, 10A1 murine leukemia virus, or gibbon ape leukemia virus.
C1 NIMH,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CELLULAR & GENE THERAPIES,MOLEC TUMOR BIOL LAB,ROCKVILLE,MD 20892.
NCI,CELLULAR ONCOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NR 19
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0022-538X
J9 J VIROL
JI J. Virol.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 69
IS 1
BP 534
EP 537
PG 4
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA PW815
UT WOS:A1995PW81500064
PM 7983751
ER
PT B
AU PETTIT, GH
EDIGER, MN
HAHN, DW
LANDRY, RJ
WEIBLINGER, RP
MOREHOUSE, KM
AF PETTIT, GH
EDIGER, MN
HAHN, DW
LANDRY, RJ
WEIBLINGER, RP
MOREHOUSE, KM
BE Jacques, SL
Katzir, A
TI ELECTRON PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY OF FREE RADICALS IN CORNEAL
TISSUE FOLLOWING EXCIMER LASER IRRADIATION
SO LASER-TISSUE INTERACTION VI, PROCEEDINGS OF
SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
(SPIE)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Laser-Tissue Interaction VI Conference
CY FEB 06-09, 1995
CL SAN JOSE, CA
SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers
C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010
BN 0-8194-1738-6
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 1995
VL 2391
BP 96
EP 99
DI 10.1117/12.209872
PG 4
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Optics
SC Engineering; Optics
GA BD32D
UT WOS:A1995BD32D00009
ER
PT J
AU ROYSTON, DD
TORRES, JH
THOMSEN, S
SRIRAM, PS
WELCH, AJ
AF ROYSTON, DD
TORRES, JH
THOMSEN, S
SRIRAM, PS
WELCH, AJ
TI LIFETIME TESTING OF SAPPHIRE AND SCULPTED SILICA FIBER SCALPELS
SO LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE CONTACT SURGERY; CHICKEN BREAST MODEL; BIREFRINGENT TISSUE; HOT TIP
ID ND-YAG LASER
AB Background and Objective: Sapphire and sculpted silica fiber scalpels were evaluated for performance as they aged. Performance was determined by measuring their useful lifetime, forward transmission, incision depth, and the thermal coagulation thickness at the sides and bottom of the incision.
Study Design/Materials, and Methods: Aging was performed with a chicken breast model. Performance measurements were made at periodic intervals. Sapphire scalpels were cooled with air or saline.
Results: The air-cooled, frosted sapphire scalpels had the longest useful Lifetime, whereas the saline-cooled, frosted sapphire scalpels had the shortest. Aging deteriorated the forward transmission of the sculpted silica fiber scalpels the most. Little difference was found between the averages of all incision measurements. Two of the saline-cooled, frosted sapphire scalpels fractured during the aging process.
Conclusion: Aging influences the scalpel lifetime, but there was no evidence that the aging process significantly affected the incision size. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 UNIV TEXAS,MD ANDERSON CANC CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030.
UNIV TEXAS,COLL ENGN,AUSTIN,TX 78712.
US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 12
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0196-8092
J9 LASER SURG MED
JI Lasers Surg. Med.
PY 1995
VL 16
IS 2
BP 189
EP 196
DI 10.1002/lsm.1900160209
PG 8
WC Dermatology; Surgery
SC Dermatology; Surgery
GA QN917
UT WOS:A1995QN91700008
PM 7769964
ER
PT J
AU HAHN, DW
EDIGER, MN
PETTIT, GH
AF HAHN, DW
EDIGER, MN
PETTIT, GH
TI DYNAMICS OF ABLATION PLUME PARTICLES GENERATED DURING EXCIMER-LASER
CORNEAL ABLATION
SO LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE CORNEAL ABLATION; LIGHT SCATTERING; ABLATION PLUME PARTICLES
ID POLYMERS; LIGHT; LENS
AB Background and Objective: Although the empirical characteristics of ArF excimer laser corneal ablation have been well documented, the exact ablation mechanisms are not well understood. The present paper reports a quantitative analysis of corneal ablation plumes using in situ time resolved laser light scattering and Raman spectroscopy.
Study Design/Materials and Methods: Bovine corneas were used as the ArF excimer laser ablation targets. Light scattering data were recorded from the ablation plume as a function of height above the tissue surface and as function of delay time with respect to the ablative ArF laser pulse.
Results: Raman spectra of the ablation plume allow identification of the particles as water. Mean plume particle diameters are found to decrease with height, while the particle volume fractions are relatively constant. The total volume of plume particles correlates well with the total volume of water in the ablated corneal tissue.
Conclusion: The finding of a non-evolving plume composed of water spherules, combined with the excellent agreement between total volume of water in the plume and the content of water in the ablated corneal tissue, support the concept of photodecomposition or ''cold ablation'' for corneal tissue during ArF excimer laser ablation. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 18
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0196-8092
J9 LASER SURG MED
JI Lasers Surg. Med.
PY 1995
VL 16
IS 4
BP 384
EP 389
DI 10.1002/lsm.1900160410
PG 6
WC Dermatology; Surgery
SC Dermatology; Surgery
GA RD245
UT WOS:A1995RD24500009
PM 7651060
ER
PT S
AU Lipman, AL
AF Lipman, AL
BE Heitz, JR
Downum, KR
TI Safety of xanthene dyes according to the US Food and Drug Administration
SO LIGHT-ACTIVATED PEST CONTROL
SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Light-Activated Pest Control, at the 209th National Meeting
of the American-Chemical-Society
CY APR 02-06, 1995
CL ANAHEIM, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agrochem
AB The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has published decisions on 32 xanthene dyes. Fourteen were delisted in 1960 because they were not in commercial use in food, drugs, or cosmetics, six were delisted in 1963 because of lack of interest, and two were delisted after 1963. Ten have been listed for use in drugs and cosmetics. FD&C Red No. 3 is listed for use in food and ingested drugs, but was delisted in 1990 for use in cosmetics and external drugs. The reasons for FDA's decisions will be discussed in light of the toxicology data available to the agency at the times of the decisions.
RP Lipman, AL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,OFF PREMARKET APPROVAL,200 C ST SW,HFS-217,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 49
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0097-6156
BN 0-8412-3334-9
J9 ACS SYM SER
PY 1995
VL 616
BP 34
EP 53
PG 20
WC Agronomy; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology
SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology
GA BE52C
UT WOS:A1995BE52C00004
ER
PT B
AU MYERS, KJ
ANDERSON, MP
BROWN, DG
WAGNER, RF
HANSON, KM
AF MYERS, KJ
ANDERSON, MP
BROWN, DG
WAGNER, RF
HANSON, KM
BE Loew, MH
TI NEURAL NETWORK PERFORMANCE FOR BINARY DISCRIMINATION TASKS .2. EFFECT OF
TASK, TRAINING, AND FEATURE PRE-SELECTION
SO MEDICAL IMAGING 1995: IMAGE PROCESSING
SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
(SPIE)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Image Processing - Medical Imaging 1995
CY FEB 27-MAR 02, 1995
CL SAN DIEGO, CA
SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Amer Assoc Physicists Med, Amer Physiol Soc, US FDA, Ctr Devices & Radiol Hlth, Soc Imaging Sci & Technol, Natl Elect Manufacturers Assoc, Diag Imaging & Therapy Syst Div, Radiol Informat Syst Consortium, Radiol Soc N Amer, Soc Comp Applicat Radiol
DE NEURAL NETWORKS; RECONSTRUCTION ALGORITHMS; IMAGE EVALUATION; BACK
PROPAGATION; DYSTAL
C1 CDRH,FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010
BN 0-8194-1782-3
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 1995
VL 2434
BP 828
EP 837
DI 10.1117/12.208757
PG 10
WC Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA BD19R
UT WOS:A1995BD19R00082
ER
PT S
AU SMITH, MJ
RYAN, DE
NAKANISHI, K
FRANK, P
HODGSON, KO
AF SMITH, MJ
RYAN, DE
NAKANISHI, K
FRANK, P
HODGSON, KO
BE Sigel, H
Sigel, A
TI VANADIUM IN ASCIDIANS AND THE CHEMISTRY OF TUNICHROMES
SO METAL IONS IN BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS, VOL 31: VANADIUM AND ITS ROLE IN LIFE
SE METAL IONS IN BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Review
ID TUNICATE BLOOD-CELLS; X-RAY-ABSORPTION; SPONGE CLIONA-CELATA;
DENSITY-GRADIENT CENTRIFUGATION; DISSIMILATORY METAL REDUCTION;
STIMULATED NADH OXIDATION; LINEAR PEPTIDE ALKALOIDS; SWEDISH WEST-COAST;
HALOCYNTHIA-RORETZI; CIONA-INTESTINALIS
C1 COLUMBIA UNIV, DEPT CHEM, NEW YORK, NY 10027 USA.
STANFORD UNIV, DEPT CHEM, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA.
RP SMITH, MJ (reprint author), US FDA, CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR, DIV NAT PROD, HFS-345, 200 C ST SW, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA.
FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-01209]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI-10187]; NIGMS NIH HHS
[GM-14042]
NR 360
TC 49
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 4
PU MARCEL DEKKER
PI NEW YORK
PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA
SN 0161-5149
BN 0-8247-9383-8
J9 MET IONS BIOL SYST
JI Metal Ions Biol. Syst.
PY 1995
VL 31
BP 423
EP 490
PG 68
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear;
Spectroscopy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA BD60Z
UT WOS:A1995BD60Z00013
PM 8564814
ER
PT J
AU CANCILLA, MR
DAVIDSON, BE
HILLIER, AJ
NGUYEN, NY
THOMPSON, J
AF CANCILLA, MR
DAVIDSON, BE
HILLIER, AJ
NGUYEN, NY
THOMPSON, J
TI THE LACTOCOCCUS-LACTIS TRIOSEPHOSPHATE ISOMERASE GENE, TPI, IS
MONOCISTRONIC
SO MICROBIOLOGY-UK
LA English
DT Article
DE LACTOCOCCUS LACTIS; TRIOSEPHOSPHATE ISOMERASE; TRANSCRIPT ANALYSIS;
BIASED CODON USAGE; ENZYME PURIFICATION
ID TAGATOSE 6-PHOSPHATE PATHWAY; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; STREPTOCOCCUS-LACTIS;
ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GLYCERALDEHYDE-3-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE;
BACILLUS-STEAROTHERMOPHILUS; CORYNEBACTERIUM-GLUTAMICUM;
PHOSPHOTRANSFERASE SYSTEM; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR-CLONING
AB Triosephosphate isomerase (EC 5.3.1.1) from Lactococcus lactis was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity. Approximately 3 mg purified enzyme (specific activity 3300 U mg(-1)) was obtained from 70 g (wet wt) cells. In solution, triosephosphate isomerase (pI 4.0-4.4) was observed to exist as a homodimer (M(r) 57000) of noncovalently linked subunits. The sequence of the first 37 amino acid residues from the NH2-terminus were determined by step-wise Edman degradation. This sequence, and that of a region conserved in all known bacterial triosephosphate isomerases, was used to design oligonucleotide primers for the synthesis of a lactococcal tpi probe by PCR. The probe was used to isolate a molecular clone of tpi from a lambda GEM11 library of L. lactic LM0230 DNA. The nucleotide sequence of tpi predicted a protein of 252 amino acids with the same NH2-terminal sequence as that determined for the purified enzyme and a subunit M(r) of 26802 after removal of the NH2-terminal methionine. Escherichia coli cells harbouring a plasmid containing tpi had 15-fold higher triosephosphate isomerase activity than isogenic plasmid-free cells, confirming the identity of the cloned gene. Northern analysis of L. lactis LM0230 RNA showed that a 900 base transcript hybridized with tpi. The 5' end of the transcript was determined by primer extension analysis to be a G located 64 bp upstream from the tpi start codon. These transcript analyses indicated that in L. lactis, tpi is expressed on a monocistronic transcript. Nucleotide sequencing indicated that the DNA adjacent to tpi did not encode another Embden-Meyerhoff-Parnas pathway enzyme. The location of tpi on the L. lactis DL11 chromosome map was determined to be between map coordinates 1.818 and 1.978.
C1 UNIV MELBOURNE,RUSSELL GRIMWADE SCH BIOCHEM,PARKVILLE,VIC 3052,AUSTRALIA.
CSIRO,DIV FOOD SCI & TECHNOL,DAIRY RES LAB,HIGHETT,VIC 3190,AUSTRALIA.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NIDR,MICROBIAL ECOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NR 49
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 1
PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY
PI READING
PA HARVEST HOUSE 62 LONDON ROAD, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 5AS
SN 1350-0872
J9 MICROBIOL-UK
JI Microbiol.-UK
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 141
BP 229
EP 238
PN 1
PG 10
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA QC616
UT WOS:A1995QC61600028
PM 7534588
ER
PT S
AU Rafii, F
Moore, JD
RuselerVanEmbden, JGH
Cerniglia, CE
AF Rafii, F
Moore, JD
RuselerVanEmbden, JGH
Cerniglia, CE
BE Donelli, G
Mastrantonio, P
Heidt, PJ
Rusch, VC
TI Bacterial reduction of azo dyes used in foods, drugs and cosmetics
SO MICROECOLOGY AND THERAPY, VOL 25 , 1995
SE MICROECOLOGY AND THERAPY
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT XIXth International Congress on Microbial Ecology and Disease
CY SEP 18-21, 1994
CL ROME, ITALY
SP Inst Microecol
RP Rafii, F (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV MICROBIOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 0
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU INST MICROECOLOGY & BIOCHEM
PI HERBORN-DILL
PA KORNMARKT 34, D-6348 HERBORN-DILL, GERMANY
SN 0720-0536
J9 MICROECOL T
PY 1995
VL 25
BP 147
EP 156
PG 10
WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA BH01D
UT WOS:A1995BH01D00024
ER
PT S
AU ITO, Y
SHINOMIYA, K
FALES, HM
WEISZ, A
SCHER, AL
AF ITO, Y
SHINOMIYA, K
FALES, HM
WEISZ, A
SCHER, AL
BE Conway, WD
Petroski, RJ
TI PH-ZONE-REFINING COUNTERCURRENT CHROMATOGRAPHY - A NEW TECHNIQUE FOR
PREPARATIVE SEPARATION
SO MODERN COUNTERCURRENT CHROMATOGRAPHY
SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Modern Countercurrent Chromatography, at the 206th National
Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 22-27, 1993
CL CHICAGO, IL
SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agr & Food Cje,
AB pH-Zone-refining countercurrent chromatography (CCC) separates organic acids and bases into a succession of highly concentrated rectangular peaks that elute according to their pK(a)s and hydrophobicities. The hydrodynamic mechanism of the present method is illustrated along with a simple mathematical analysis. Examples of the application of the present method are described to demonstrate its advantage over conventional CCC. Similarities and differences between pH-zone-refining CCC, displacement chromatography, and isotachophoresis are discussed.
C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,OFF COSMET & COLORS,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
RP ITO, Y (reprint author), NHLBI,BIOPHYS CHEM LAB,BLDG 10,ROOM 7N322,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
NR 11
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0097-6156
BN 0-8412-3167-2
J9 ACS SYM SER
PY 1995
VL 593
BP 156
EP 183
PG 28
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA BD63U
UT WOS:A1995BD63U00014
ER
PT S
AU SCHER, AL
ITO, Y
AF SCHER, AL
ITO, Y
BE Conway, WD
Petroski, RJ
TI EQUILIBRIUM-MODEL FOR PH-ZONE-REFINING COUNTERCURRENT CHROMATOGRAPHY
SO MODERN COUNTERCURRENT CHROMATOGRAPHY
SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Modern Countercurrent Chromatography, at the 206th National
Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 22-27, 1993
CL CHICAGO, IL
SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agr & Food Cje,
AB Theoretical chromatograms for preparative separations of organic acids by pH-zone-refining countercurrent chromatography (CCC) were simulated using a computer program. Countercurrent distribution was used as a model. The simulated chromatograms contain flat-top peaks with steep sides and are consistent with experimental chromatograms in which organic acids in an organic stationary phase are separated by elution with aqueous base. The effects of the pK(a)s, partition ratios (K(D)s), concentrations of the sample acids, and concentrations of the retaining acid and eluting base were investigated. Separations depended on differences in the pK(a)s and K(D)s of the acids, Mixtures of acids with Delta p(K-d/K-D) = 1 were theoretically separated with recoveries of 99% of each acid with greater than or equal to 99% purity, even on a low-efficiency column (275 theoretical plates). These simulations are valuable for predicting and optimizing pH-zone-refining CCC separations.
C1 NHLBI,BIOPHYS CHEM LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
RP SCHER, AL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,OFF COSMET & COLORS,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 7
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0097-6156
BN 0-8412-3167-2
J9 ACS SYM SER
PY 1995
VL 593
BP 184
EP 202
PG 19
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA BD63U
UT WOS:A1995BD63U00015
ER
PT S
AU WEISZ, A
ANDRZEJEWSKI, D
SHINOMIYA, K
ITO, Y
AF WEISZ, A
ANDRZEJEWSKI, D
SHINOMIYA, K
ITO, Y
BE Conway, WD
Petroski, RJ
TI PREPARATIVE SEPARATION OF COMPONENTS OF COMMERCIAL
4,5,6,7-TETRACHLOROFLUORESCEIN BY PH-ZONE-REFINING COUNTERCURRENT
CHROMATOGRAPHY
SO MODERN COUNTERCURRENT CHROMATOGRAPHY
SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Modern Countercurrent Chromatography, at the 206th National
Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 22-27, 1993
CL CHICAGO, IL
SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agr & Food Cje,
ID DYES; STANDARDIZATION; PURIFICATION; STAINS
AB Samples of commercial 4,5,6,7-tetrachlorofluorescein (TCF) were subjected to pH-zone-refining countercurrent chromatography (pH-zone-refining CCC) to separate the main component and its contaminants. The study involved sample portions of 350 mg, 1 g, and 2 g, each with similar to 91% TCF, and a 5-g sample portion containing similar to 64.7% TCF. The separations were achieved with commercially available CCC centrifuges. The two-phase solvent systems used were diethyl ether-acetonitrile-10 mM aqueous ammonium acetate (4:1:5) and methyl tert-butyl ether-acetonitrile-water (4:1:5). Trifluoroacetic acid was added to either the sample solution or the (upper) stationary phase to serve as the retainer acid. Aqueous ammonia was added to the (lower) mobile phase to serve as the eluent base. The TCF separations required relatively short times (e.g., 5 h for the 5-g separation). The yield of the recovered TCF varied between similar to 65% for the 350-mg separation and 78.2 to similar to 89% for the gram-quantity separations. In all the separations, the recovered TCF had greater than 99.5% purity. Tetrachlorophthalic acid, 2,3,4-trichloro-6-hydroxyxanthone-1 -carboxylic acid, 2-(2',4' -dihydroxybenzoyl)tetrachlorobenzoic acid, and a new compound whose proposed structure is 10,11,12-trichloro-3H-[1]benzopyrano[2,3,4-k,1]xanthen-3-one were contaminants isolated from the 350-mg separation. A brief account of how each contaminant might be formed is also presented.
C1 US FDA,OFF SCI ANAL & SUPPORT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
NHLBI,BIOPHYS CHEM LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
RP WEISZ, A (reprint author), US FDA,OFF COSMET & COLORS,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 25
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0097-6156
BN 0-8412-3167-2
J9 ACS SYM SER
PY 1995
VL 593
BP 203
EP 217
PG 15
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA BD63U
UT WOS:A1995BD63U00016
ER
PT S
AU SHINOMIYA, K
WEISZ, A
ITO, Y
AF SHINOMIYA, K
WEISZ, A
ITO, Y
BE Conway, WD
Petroski, RJ
TI PURIFICATION OF 4,5,6,7-TETRACHLOROFLUORESCEIN BY PH-ZONE-REFINING
COUNTERCURRENT CHROMATOGRAPHY - EFFECTS OF SAMPLE-SIZE, CONCENTRATION OF
ELUENT BASE, AND CHOICE OF RETAINER ACID
SO MODERN COUNTERCURRENT CHROMATOGRAPHY
SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Modern Countercurrent Chromatography, at the 206th National
Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 22-27, 1993
CL CHICAGO, IL
SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agr & Food Cje,
AB Various factors involved in pH-zone-refining countercurrent chromatography were investigated in the purification of 4,5,6,7-tetrachlorofluorescein, using a two-phase solvent system composed of diethyl ether-acetonitrile-10 mM ammonium acetate (4:1:5). Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) was added to the sample solution as a retainer acid. The results indicated that 1) increasing the amount of dye improved the yield of pare compounds; 2) increasing the concentration of ammonia in the solvent system increased the concentration of analytes in the mobile phase and shortened the retention time of the major peak; and 3) ammonium acetate in the solvent system could be eliminated and TFA in the sample solution could be replaced by acetic acid without significantly affecting the purification.
C1 NHLBI,BIOPHYS CHEM LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,OFF COSMET & COLORS,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0097-6156
BN 0-8412-3167-2
J9 ACS SYM SER
PY 1995
VL 593
BP 218
EP 230
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA BD63U
UT WOS:A1995BD63U00017
ER
PT J
AU ENNIS, DG
LEVINE, AS
KOCH, WH
WOODGATE, R
AF ENNIS, DG
LEVINE, AS
KOCH, WH
WOODGATE, R
TI ANALYSIS OF RECA MUTANTS WITH ALTERED SOS FUNCTIONS
SO MUTATION RESEARCH-DNA REPAIR
LA English
DT Article
DE ESCHERICHIA COLI; SOS MUTAGENESIS; CHEMILUMINESCENT IMMUNOASSAY; UMUDC;
UMUD CLEAVAGE
ID SINGLE-STRANDED-DNA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CONSTITUTIVE EXPRESSION;
MUTAGENESIS PROTEIN; MUCAB PROTEINS; LEXA CLEAVAGE; UMUD; MUTATIONS;
INDUCTION; DEFICIENT
AB The Escherichia coli RecA protein has at least three roles in SOS mutagenesis: (1) derepression of the SOS regulon by mediating LexA cleavage; (2) activation of the UmuD mutagenesis protein by mediating its cleavage; and (3) targeting the Umu-like mutagenesis proteins to DNA. Using a combined approach of molecular and physiological assays, it is now possible to determine which of the three defined steps has been altered in any recA mutant. In this study, we have focussed on the ability of six particular recA mutants (recA85, recA430, recA432, recA433, recA435 and recA730) to perform these functions. Phenotypically, recA85 and recA730 were similar in that in lexA(+) and lexA(Def) backgrounds, they exhibited constitutive coprotease activity towards the UmuD mutagenesis protein. Somewhat surprisingly, in a lexA(Ind(-)) background, UmuD cleavage was damage inducible, suggesting that the repressed level of the RecA* protein cannot spontaneously achieve a fully activated state. Although isolated in separate laboratories, the nucleotide sequence of the recA85 and recA730 mutants revealed that they were identical, with both alleles possessing a Glu(38) --> Lys change in the mutant protein. The recA430, recA433 and recA435 mutants were found to be defective for both lambda mutagenesis and UmuD cleavage. lambda mutagenesis was fully restored, however, to the recA433 and recA435 strains by a low copy plasmid expressing the mutagenically active UmuD' protein. In contrast, lambda mutagenesis was only partially restored to a recA430 strain by a high copy UmuD' plasmid, suggesting that RecA430 may also be additionally defective in targeting the Umu proteins to DNA. Sequence analysis of the recA433 and recA435 alleles revealed identical substitutions resulting in Arg(243) --> His. The recA432 mutation had a complex phenotype in that its coprotease activity towards UmuD depended upon the lexA background: inducible in lexA(+) strains, inefficient in lexA(Ind(-)) cells and constitutive in a lexA(Def) background. The recA432 mutant was found to carry a Pro(119) --> Ser substitution, a residue believed to be at the RecA subunit interface; thus this complex phenotype may result from alterations in the assembly of RecA multimers.
C1 US FDA,MOLEC BIOL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
RP ENNIS, DG (reprint author), NICHHD,DNA REPLICAT REPAIR & MUTAGENESIS SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
NR 53
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-8777
J9 MUTAT RES-DNA REPAIR
JI Mutat. Res.-DNA Repair
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 336
IS 1
BP 39
EP 48
DI 10.1016/0921-8777(94)00045-8
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA QG036
UT WOS:A1995QG03600005
PM 7528894
ER
PT B
AU KANNWISCHERMITCHELL, ME
BARNARD, EL
MITCHELL, DJ
FRAEDRICH, SW
AF KANNWISCHERMITCHELL, ME
BARNARD, EL
MITCHELL, DJ
FRAEDRICH, SW
BE Landis, TD
Dumroese, RK
TI Organic soil amendments as potential alternatives to methyl bromide for
control of soilborne pathogens in forest tree nurseries
SO NATIONAL PROCEEDINGS: FOREST AND CONSERVATION NURSERY ASSOCIATIONS
SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Southern-Forest-Nursery-Association/Northeastern-Forest-Nursery-Associat
ion Conference
CY JUL 11-14, 1994
CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA
SP SO Forest Nursery Assoc, NE Forest Nursery Assoc
DE PINE BARK; COMPOST; PINUS ELLIOTTII VAR ELLIOTTII ENGELM; PINUS TAEDA L
C1 FDACS,FLORIDA DIV FORESTRY,GAINESVILLE,FL 32614.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN
PI FT COLLINS
PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526
J9 USDA ROCKY
PY 1995
VL 257
BP 12
EP 15
PG 4
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA BD13V
UT WOS:A1995BD13V00003
ER
PT S
AU Binienda, Z
AF Binienda, Z
BE Trembly, B
Slikker, W
TI A fetal rat model of acute perinatal ischemia-hypoxia
SO NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENTS: CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ASPECTS
SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd International Conference on Neuroprotective Agents - Clinical and
Experimental Aspects
CY JUL 31-AUG 03, 1994
CL LAKE GEORGE, NY
SP FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, Arkansas, Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Togus, Maine
ID BRAIN-DAMAGE; NIMODIPINE; INFANT; ACID
RP Binienda, Z (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 23
TC 4
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021
SN 0077-8923
BN 0-89766-945-2
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 1995
VL 765
BP 28
EP 38
DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb16557.x
PG 11
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA BE39D
UT WOS:A1995BE39D00003
PM 7486615
ER
PT S
AU Scallet, AC
AF Scallet, AC
BE Trembly, B
Slikker, W
TI Quantitative histological evaluation of neuroprotective compounds
SO NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENTS: CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ASPECTS
SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd International Conference on Neuroprotective Agents - Clinical and
Experimental Aspects
CY JUL 31-AUG 03, 1994
CL LAKE GEORGE, NY
SP FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, Arkansas, Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Togus, Maine
ID CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; C-FOS EXPRESSION; RAT-BRAIN; TERMINAL
DEGENERATION; AMINO-ACIDS; TRIMETHYLTIN; NEUROTOXICITY; SENSITIVITY;
SEIZURE; DAMAGE
RP Scallet, AC (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,EXPTL NEUROPATHOL LAB,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 39
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021
SN 0077-8923
BN 0-89766-945-2
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 1995
VL 765
BP 47
EP 58
DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb16559.x
PG 12
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA BE39D
UT WOS:A1995BE39D00005
PM 7486644
ER
PT S
AU Bowyer, JF
Lipe, GW
Matthews, JC
Scallet, AC
Davies, DL
AF Bowyer, JF
Lipe, GW
Matthews, JC
Scallet, AC
Davies, DL
BE Trembly, B
Slikker, W
TI Comparison of glutamine-enhanced glutamate release from slices and
primary cultures of rat brain
SO NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENTS: CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ASPECTS
SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd International Conference on Neuroprotective Agents - Clinical and
Experimental Aspects
CY JUL 31-AUG 03, 1994
CL LAKE GEORGE, NY
SP FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, Arkansas, Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Togus, Maine
ID AMINO-ACIDS; MOUSE-BRAIN; ASTROCYTES; SYNAPTOSOMES; TRANSMITTER;
STIMULATION; TERMINALS; DOPAMINE; NEURONS; CA-2+
C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP, DEPT ANAT, LITTLE ROCK, AR 72205 USA.
UNIV MISSISSIPPI, SCH PHARM, DEPT PHARMACOL, UNIVERSITY, MS 38677 USA.
RP Bowyer, JF (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES, DIV NEUROTOXICOL, JEFFERSON, AR 72079 USA.
NR 37
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021
SN 0077-8923
BN 0-89766-945-2
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 1995
VL 765
BP 72
EP 85
DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb16562.x
PG 14
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA BE39D
UT WOS:A1995BE39D00007
PM 7486646
ER
PT S
AU Slikker, W
Gaylor, DW
AF Slikker, W
Gaylor, DW
BE Trembly, B
Slikker, W
TI Risk assessment strategies for neuroprotective agents
SO NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENTS: CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ASPECTS
SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd International Conference on Neuroprotective Agents - Clinical and
Experimental Aspects
CY JUL 31-AUG 03, 1994
CL LAKE GEORGE, NY
SP FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, Arkansas, Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Togus, Maine
ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-SOLVENTS; BEHAVIORAL-TOXICOLOGY
C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
RP Slikker, W (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 18
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 3
PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021
SN 0077-8923
BN 0-89766-945-2
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 1995
VL 765
BP 198
EP 208
DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb16576.x
PG 11
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA BE39D
UT WOS:A1995BE39D00017
PM 7486606
ER
PT J
AU PHELAN, MJ
GABRIELSEN, B
KIRSI, JJ
SHANNON, WM
USSERY, MA
BARTHELROSA, L
SCHUBERT, EM
KINI, GD
ROBINS, RK
AF PHELAN, MJ
GABRIELSEN, B
KIRSI, JJ
SHANNON, WM
USSERY, MA
BARTHELROSA, L
SCHUBERT, EM
KINI, GD
ROBINS, RK
TI SYNTHESIS AND ANTIVIRAL (RNA) EVALUATION OF NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGS OF
TIAZOFURIN MODIFIED AT THE CARBOXAMIDE MOIETY
SO NUCLEOSIDES & NUCLEOTIDES
LA English
DT Article
ID THIAZOLE C-NUCLEOSIDES; RIBAVIRIN;
2-BETA-D-RIBOFURANOSYLTHIAZOLE-4-CARBOXAMIDE; AGENT; DERIVATIVES
AB The carboxamide functionality of tiazofurin la has been modified to produce the following analogs: carboximidates 5a,b, carboxamidines 6, 10, tetrahydropyrimidine 7, N-glycine 8 and N-glutamine 9. These structural modifications abolished the in vitro antiviral (RNA) activity exhibited by tiazofurin against the flaviviruses (yellow fever and Japanese encephalitis viruses), bunyavirus (Punta Toro virus) and togavirus (Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus). Only carboximidates 5a,b retained marginal activity against bunyaviruses.
C1 SO RES INST,DIV VIROL,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35255.
US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855.
UNIV NEVADA,DEPT CHEM,RENO,NV 89557.
PHARM ECO LABS INC,LEXINGTON,MA 02173.
UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SCH MED,LA JOLLA,CA 92093.
USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,FREDERICK,MD 21702.
NR 26
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARCEL DEKKER INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016
SN 0732-8311
J9 NUCLEOS NUCLEOT
JI Nucleosides Nucleotides
PY 1995
VL 14
IS 6
BP 1315
EP 1327
DI 10.1080/15257779508010693
PG 13
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA RP796
UT WOS:A1995RP79600013
ER
PT J
AU BLAKELY, SR
MISLO, BL
BASI, NS
POINTER, RH
AF BLAKELY, SR
MISLO, BL
BASI, NS
POINTER, RH
TI DIETARY FRUCTOSE ALTERS THE INSULIN-LIKE EFFECTS OF DIETARY VANADATE IN
ADIPOCYTES FROM RATS
SO NUTRITION RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE D-FRUCTOSE; D-GLUCOSE; INSULIN; VANADATE; ADIPOCYTES; LIPOGENESIS;
GLUCOSE OXIDATION
ID DIABETIC RATS; LIPOPROTEIN-LIPASE; GLUCOSE; METABOLISM; DEXTROSE;
BINDING
AB In a chronic adaption feeding regimen, both D-fructose and vanadate independently altered glucose oxidation and lipogenesis in adipose tissue of rats. This study investigated the acute feeding effects of vanadate and D-fructose on these parameters in isolated rat adipocytes. In a 3-d fasting/refeeding regimen, male Wistar rats (10/group), weighing 150-200 g, were fed a diet containing either glucose (control) or fructose at 27% (w/w) with sodium orthovanadate at 0, 25 (vanadate-l), and 50 (vanadate-2) mg/kg of diet. Neither body weight gain nor food efficiency differed statistically between treatment groups, but lower food intake in vanadate-treated animals suggests a compensatory effect of food efficiency in maintaining body weight gain at the same level as in other groups. Basal glucose oxidation to CO2 was enhanced in a dose-related fashion in glucose-vanadate groups, but a significant interaction between fructose and vanadate led to a reduction in vanadate-induced basal glucose oxidation. The reduction in basal and insulin-stimulated glucose conversion to lipid in adipocytes and in hepatic glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and malic enzyme activities by vanadate was not altered by fructose. These results suggest that, under acute feeding, fructose alters the insulin-mimetic aspect of vanadate involving glucose conversion to CO2 in isolated adipocytes.
C1 HOWARD UNIV,COLL MED,WASHINGTON,DC.
RP BLAKELY, SR (reprint author), US FDA,HFS-19,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0271-5317
J9 NUTR RES
JI Nutr. Res.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 15
IS 1
BP 25
EP 35
DI 10.1016/0271-5317(95)91650-2
PG 11
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA PZ549
UT WOS:A1995PZ54900005
ER
PT J
AU WYSOWSKI, DK
GOLDEN, L
BURKE, L
AF WYSOWSKI, DK
GOLDEN, L
BURKE, L
TI USE OF MENOPAUSAL ESTROGENS AND MEDROXYPROGESTERONE IN THE
UNITED-STATES, 1982-1992
SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NONCONTRACEPTIVE ESTROGENS; PROGESTINS; THERAPY; BIAS
AB Objective: To describe trends in the prescription of menopausal estrogens and medroxyprogesterone in the United States.
Methods: Annual estimates of the number of prescriptions for menopausal estrogens and medroxyprogesterone and descriptive information on patients and providers were obtained from two pharmaceutical marketing research data bases, the National Prescription Audit and the National Disease and Therapeutic Index of IMS America.
Results: An estimated 13.6 million prescriptions were dispensed for oral menopausal estrogens in 1982, and 31.7 million in 1992, a 2.3-fold increase (P = .0001). In 1992 Premarin, the only oral conjugated estrogen currently approved for use, was the most frequently dispensed brand-name pharmaceutical in the United States. Dispensed prescriptions for Estraderm, a transdermal estradiol first marketed in 1986, increased from 1.5 million in 1987 to 4.7 million in 1992. Dispensed prescriptions for oral medroxyprogesterone also increased from 2.3 million prescriptions in 1982 to 11.3 million in 1992, a 4.9-fold increase (P = .0001). An estimated one in six to one in four postmenopausal women were taking menopausal hormones in 1992. These drugs were prescribed mainly by obstetrician-gynecologists.
Conclusion: The use of menopausal estrogens and medroxyprogesterone has increased substantially over the past decade. These trends indicate that American women are widely exposed to menopausal hormone replacement.
C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV METAB & ENCOCRINE DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV DRUG MARKETING,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV ADVERTISING,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV COMMUN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
RP WYSOWSKI, DK (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV EPIDEMIOL & SURVEILLANCE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 11
TC 145
Z9 147
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL CO INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010
SN 0029-7844
J9 OBSTET GYNECOL
JI Obstet. Gynecol.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 85
IS 1
BP 6
EP 10
DI 10.1016/0029-7844(94)00339-F
PG 5
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology
GA PX706
UT WOS:A1995PX70600002
PM 7800326
ER
PT J
AU LELAND, P
OBIRI, N
AGGARWAL, BB
PURI, RK
AF LELAND, P
OBIRI, N
AGGARWAL, BB
PURI, RK
TI SURAMIN BLOCKS BINDING OF INTERLEUKIN-4 TO ITS RECEPTORS ON HUMAN
TUMOR-CELLS AND INTERLEUKIN-4-INDUCED MITOGENIC RESPONSE
SO ONCOLOGY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE IL-4 RECEPTOR; CROSS-LINKING; SURAMIN-INDUCED IL-4 AGGREGATION;
PROLIFERATION
ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; GROWTH-FACTOR; FUNCTIONAL COMPONENT; INHIBITS
GROWTH; GAMMA-CHAIN; INVITRO; MECHANISM; CANCER; MICE; PROLIFERATION
AB Suramin, a polysulphonated naphthylurea, has antiproliferative, anticancer, and anti-HIV activities and has been shown to prevent binding of a variety of growth factors to their respective receptors. In the current study we have investigated the effects of suramin on binding of interleukin-4 (IL-4) to its receptors and IL-4-induced biological response. We found that suramin prevented the binding of I-125-labeled IL-4 to its receptor in a dose-dependent manner. The concentration of suramin that caused 50% inhibition of IL-4 binding (IC50) ranged between 55 and 70 mu M. This effect was observed on two human renal cell carcinoma cell lines (PM-RCC and WS-RCC), a human T lymphoma cell line (H9), and a human premyeloid cell line (TF-1). Cross-linking experiments provided direct evidence that suramin prevented binding of I-125-labeled IL-4 to its receptors. Radiolabeled IL-4 specifically cross-linked with major proteins of approximately 145 and 65-70 kDa in both PM-RCC and H9 cell lines. Suramin prevented cross-linking to both affinity cross-linked IL-4 binding proteins. Gel filtration results indicated that suramin caused aggregation of I-125-labeled IL-4. Suramin had a cytostatic rather than cytotoxic effect on H9 cells, and it inhibited IL-4-induced proliferation of TF-1 cells. These data indicate that suramin may be a useful drug in the abrogation of IL-4-induced effects, and this property should be further explored in IL-4-mediated pathologic states.
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CELLULAR & GENE THERAPIES,MOLEC TUMOR BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
UNIV TEXAS,MD ANDERSON CANC CTR,DEPT CLIN IMMUNOL & BIOL THERAPY,CYTOKINE RES SECT,HOUSTON,TX 77030.
RI Aggarwal, Bharat/G-3388-2013
NR 56
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0965-0407
J9 ONCOL RES
JI Oncol. Res.
PY 1995
VL 7
IS 5
BP 227
EP 235
PG 9
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA RP616
UT WOS:A1995RP61600003
PM 8534928
ER
PT B
AU EDIGER, MN
HAHN, DW
PETTIT, GH
AF EDIGER, MN
HAHN, DW
PETTIT, GH
BE Parel, JM
Ren, QS
Joos, KM
Katzir, A
TI CHARACTERIZATION OF PRODUCTS OF EXCIMER LASER ABLATION OF COLLAGEN
SO OPHTHALMIC TECHNOLOGIES V, PROCEEDINGS OF
SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
(SPIE)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Ophthalmic Technologies V Conference
CY FEB 04-05, 1995
CL SAN JOSE, CA
SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers
C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010
BN 0-8194-1740-8
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 1995
VL 2393
BP 106
EP 110
DI 10.1117/12.209832
PG 5
WC Ophthalmology; Optics
SC Ophthalmology; Optics
GA BD19Q
UT WOS:A1995BD19Q00015
ER
PT J
AU LOOKER, AC
WAHNER, HW
DUNN, WL
CALVO, MS
HARRIS, TB
HEYSE, SP
JOHNSTON, CC
LINDSAY, RL
AF LOOKER, AC
WAHNER, HW
DUNN, WL
CALVO, MS
HARRIS, TB
HEYSE, SP
JOHNSTON, CC
LINDSAY, RL
TI PROXIMAL FEMUR BONE-MINERAL LEVELS OF US ADULTS
SO OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE BONE MINERAL DENSITY; PROXIMAL FEMUR
ID BODY HABITUS; DENSITY; WOMEN; HIP; SPINE; RACE
AB This paper describes bone mineral levels in the proximal femur of US adults based on a nationally representative sample of 7116 men and women aged 20 years and older. The data were collected in phase 1 of the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III, 1988-1991) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and included bone mineral density (EMD), bone mineral content (BMC) and area of bone scanned in five selected regions of interest (ROI) in the proximal femur: femur neck, trochanter, intertrochanter, Ward's triangle and total. These variables are provided separately by age and sex for non-Hispanic whites (NHW), non-Hispanic blacks (NHB) and Mexican Americans (MA). BMD and BMC in the five ROI tended to decline with age, whereas area did not. BMD and BMC were highest in NHB, intermediate in MA and lowest in NHW, but areas were highest in NHW, intermediate in NHB and lowest in MA. Men had greater BMD, BMC and area than women in all three race/ethnic groups. Differences by age, sex or race/ethnicity tended to be the largest in Ward's triangle, followed by the femur neck; patterns in the trochanter, intertrochanter and total ROI were reasonably similar to each other. This report provides extensive data on femur bone mineral levels of adults from one of the largest samples available to date and should be valuable as reference data for other studies which examine this skeletal site in adults.
C1 MAYO CLIN & MAYO FDN,ROCHESTER,MN 55905.
US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
NIA,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NIAMSD,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
INDIANA UNIV,MED CTR,INDIANAPOLIS,IN.
HELEN HAYES HOSP,CTR REG BONE,W HAVERSTRAW,NY.
RP LOOKER, AC (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,NATL CTR HLTH STAT,ROOM 900,6525 BELCREST RD,HYATTSVILLE,MD 20782, USA.
NR 24
TC 236
Z9 237
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG LONDON LTD
PI GODALMING
PA SWEETAPPLE HOUSE CATTESHALL ROAD, GODALMING, SURREY, ENGLAND GU7 3DJ
SN 0937-941X
J9 OSTEOPOROSIS INT
JI Osteoporosis Int.
PY 1995
VL 5
IS 5
BP 389
EP 409
DI 10.1007/BF01622262
PG 21
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA RX678
UT WOS:A1995RX67800009
PM 8800790
ER
PT J
AU CARSON, MM
SPADY, DW
ALBRECHT, P
BEELER, JA
THIPPHAWONG, J
BARRETO, L
GRIMSRUD, KM
PABST, HF
AF CARSON, MM
SPADY, DW
ALBRECHT, P
BEELER, JA
THIPPHAWONG, J
BARRETO, L
GRIMSRUD, KM
PABST, HF
TI MEASLES VACCINATION OF INFANTS IN A WELL-VACCINATED POPULATION
SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE RUBEOLA; MATERNAL IMMUNITY; VACCINE TRIAL; MEASLES SUSCEPTIBILITY
ID IMMUNITY; ANTIBODY; REVACCINATION; PERSISTENCE; AGE
AB During outbreaks of measles, measles vaccine is recommended for infants considered to be at risk who are 6 months of age and older, In a prospective trial the serologic response to early measles immunization has been evaluated in 125 infants given monovalent measles vaccine at 6 to 8.5 months of age and measles-mumps rubella at 15 months, The response to vaccination was measured by plaque reduction neutralization (PRN) assay and enzyme immunoassay, Infants were grouped by the mother's immunization history: natural immunity (n = 60, Group 1); killed followed by live, further attenuated vaccine (n = 22, Group 2); and live, further attenuated vaccine only (n = 43, Group 3). The prevaccination geometric mean titer (GR IT) by PRN for Group 1 (GMT = 69) was significantly higher than that of Group 2 (GMT = 18) or 3 (GMT = 13), Seroconversion (4-fold increase in PRN titer) rates after monovalent vaccine were 31, 71 and 76% for Groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively, Seroconversion percentages were higher when measured 6 to 8 weeks after vaccination compared with 4 to 5 weeks, After measles-mumps-rubella greater than or equal to 97% of all infants had PRN titers >120 and were measles IgG-positive by enzyme immunoassay, These data show that as demographics shift to a well-vaccinated maternal population and susceptibility in younger infants, measles vaccination before the currently recommended age will be effective.
C1 UNIV ALBERTA,DEPT PEDIAT,EDMONTON,AB T6G 2R7,CANADA.
US FDA,DIV VIRAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD.
CONNAUGHT LABS LTD,TORONTO,ON,CANADA.
EDMONTON BOARD HLTH,EDMONTON,AB,CANADA.
FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI33996-01]
NR 27
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI BALTIMORE
PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436
SN 0891-3668
J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J
JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 14
IS 1
BP 17
EP 22
DI 10.1097/00006454-199501000-00003
PG 6
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics
GA QB322
UT WOS:A1995QB32200003
PM 7715983
ER
PT J
AU KADERLIK, KR
KADLUBAR, FF
AF KADERLIK, KR
KADLUBAR, FF
TI METABOLIC POLYMORPHISMS AND CARCINOGEN-DNA ADDUCT FORMATION IN
HUMAN-POPULATIONS
SO PHARMACOGENETICS
LA English
DT Review
ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; EXFOLIATED UROTHELIAL CELLS; WHITE
BLOOD-CELLS; HYDROCARBON HYDROXYLASE INDUCIBILITY; POLYCYCLIC
AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; COKE-OVEN WORKERS; HETEROCYCLIC AMINES;
HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCTS; BLADDER-CANCER; HUMAN-PLACENTA
AB Metabolic polymorphisms have long been recognized as important determinants of carcinogen susceptibility and recent efforts have shown that interindividual differences in specific cytochromes P450, acetyltransferases, sulfotransferases and glutathione S-transferases are often disproportionately represented in epidemiological studies between cancer cases and controls. Concomitantly, biomonitoring of carcinogen-DNA adducts in human tissues using immunochemical, (32)p-postlabelling, fluorescence, and mass spectrometric methods have recently provided direct evidence of human exposure to genotoxic aromatic and heterocyclic amines, polycyclic hydrocarbons, alkylating agents, and endogenous products. However, a combined approach is now needed in order to assess the relevance of these findings to cancer etiology, to identify high-risk individuals, and to provide better health monitoring, earlier diagnosis, and cancer prevention. Using this paradigm, results are presented that implicate specific aromatic amines, heterocyclic amines, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the etiology of human urinary bladder, colon, and laryngeal cancers.
C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES, OFF RES HFT100, JEFFERSON, AR 72079 USA.
NR 112
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 2
U2 5
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0960-314X
J9 PHARMACOGENETICS
JI Pharmacogenetics
PY 1995
VL 5
SI SI
BP S108
EP S117
DI 10.1097/00008571-199512001-00011
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Pharmacology
& Pharmacy
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Pharmacology
& Pharmacy
GA RE183
UT WOS:A1995RE18300011
PM 7581479
ER
PT J
AU SCHOLL, P
MUSSER, SM
KENSLER, TW
GROOPMAN, JD
AF SCHOLL, P
MUSSER, SM
KENSLER, TW
GROOPMAN, JD
TI MOLECULAR BIOMARKERS FOR AFLATOXINS AND THEIR APPLICATION TO HUMAN
LIVER-CANCER
SO PHARMACOGENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID URINARY-EXCRETION; ALBUMIN ADDUCTS; PHENOLIC ANTIOXIDANTS; RATS;
DOSIMETRY; AFLATOXIN-N7-GUANINE; ETHOXYQUIN; OLTIPRAZ; INVIVO; KENYA
AB The rationale for developing molecular biomarkers to monitor and assess risk from human exposure to aflatoxins have been justified by the association of these carcinogens with human liver cancer, a disease that causes at least 250000 deaths world-wide each year, The goal of our research has been the development of aflatoxin biomarkers based upon the knowledge of the biochemistry and toxicology of aflatoxins gleaned from both experimental and human studies. These biomarkers have been subsequently utilized in experimental chemoprotection models to provide data on the modulation of these markers under different situations of disease risk, Several of the aflatoxin specific biomarkers have been validated in epidemiologic studies and are now available to use as intermediate biomarkers in chemoprotection trials. This systematic approach provides encouragement for preventive interventions and should serve as a template for the development, validation and application of other chemical-specific biomarkers to cancer or other chronic diseases.
C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH HYG & PUBL HLTH,DEPT ENVIRONM HLTH SCI,BALTIMORE,MD 21205.
US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
RI Kensler, Thomas/D-8686-2014;
OI Kensler, Thomas/0000-0002-6676-261X; Scholl, Peter/0000-0002-8870-3266
FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA39416]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ES 03819, P01 ES06052]
NR 33
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN
SN 0960-314X
J9 PHARMACOGENETICS
JI Pharmacogenetics
PY 1995
VL 5
SI SI
BP S171
EP S176
DI 10.1097/00008571-199512001-00022
PG 6
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Pharmacology
& Pharmacy
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Pharmacology
& Pharmacy
GA RE183
UT WOS:A1995RE18300022
PM 7581490
ER
PT J
AU WHARTENBY, KA
ABRAHAM, GN
CALABRESI, PA
ABBOUD, CN
CALABRESI, P
MARROGI, A
FREEMAN, SM
AF WHARTENBY, KA
ABRAHAM, GN
CALABRESI, PA
ABBOUD, CN
CALABRESI, P
MARROGI, A
FREEMAN, SM
TI GENE-MODIFIED CELLS FOR THE TREATMENT OF CANCER
SO PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
LA English
DT Review
DE GENE THERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; CYTOKINES; HSV-TK; BYSTANDER EFFECT; CANCER
ID TUMOR-INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES; ACTIVATED KILLER CELLS; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD
LYMPHOCYTES; LASTING ANTITUMOR IMMUNITY; RECOMBINANT INTERLEUKIN-2;
SUPPRESSOR GENES; RETROVIRAL VECTOR; GLIOMA-CELLS; SOLID TUMORS;
ADOPTIVE IMMUNOTHERAPY
AB Gene therapy involves the insertion of a gene into an organism to treat a disease. Since its early development in the 1970s, gene therapy has expanded rapidly both in terms of the methods available and the number of candidate diseases for treatment. This report reviews gene therapy for cancer, including methodology, pre-clinical studies and experimental clinical trials.
C1 UNIV ROCHESTER,MED CTR,DEPT MED,CLIN IMMUNOL UNIT,ROCHESTER,NY 14642.
UNIV ROCHESTER,MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,ROCHESTER,NY 14642.
UNIV ROCHESTER,MED CTR,DEPT MED,HEMATOL UNIT,ROCHESTER,NY 14642.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852.
BROWN UNIV,DEPT MED,PROVIDENCE,RI 02906.
RP WHARTENBY, KA (reprint author), TULANE UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70112, USA.
FU NCI NIH HHS [P0-I CA59311]
NR 82
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0163-7258
J9 PHARMACOL THERAPEUT
JI Pharmacol. Ther.
PY 1995
VL 66
IS 1
BP 175
EP 190
DI 10.1016/0163-7258(94)00081-D
PG 16
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA QW078
UT WOS:A1995QW07800007
PM 7630929
ER
PT J
AU DAVID, M
AF DAVID, M
TI TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS IN INTERFERON SIGNALING
SO PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
LA English
DT Review
DE INTERFERON; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION
ID GUANYLATE-BINDING-PROTEIN; FC-GAMMA RECEPTOR; STIMULATED GENE FACTORS;
INDUCED NUCLEAR FACTORS; ALPHA-INTERFERON; HUMAN-CELLS; IFN-GAMMA;
MOLECULAR-CLONING; RESPONSE ELEMENT; TYROSINE KINASE
AB Interferons (IFNs) comprise a family of polypeptides that exhibit diverse biological effects such as inhibition of cell growth and protection against viral infection. These activities are based mainly on the transcriptional induction of cellular genes by both type I (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) and type II (IFN-gamma) interferons. Several of these IFN-induced early response genes have been cloned and common elements within their promoters defined. Transcription factors, such as interferon-stimulated gene factor-3, IFN-gamma activation factor and FcRF gamma, that bind to these enhancers subsequently have been isolated and their components identified. This review shall provide an overview of the DNA response elements, the components of the IFN-induced transcription factors and their mechanism of action.
RP DAVID, M (reprint author), CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
NR 101
TC 41
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0163-7258
J9 PHARMACOL THERAPEUT
JI Pharmacol. Ther.
PY 1995
VL 65
IS 2
BP 149
EP 161
DI 10.1016/0163-7258(94)00050-D
PG 13
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA QN980
UT WOS:A1995QN98000001
PM 7540766
ER
PT J
AU FURMAN, WB
AF FURMAN, WB
TI CORRESPONDENCE OF RETENTION TIMES IN LIQUID AND GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY
SO PHARMACOPEIAL FORUM
LA English
DT Article
RP FURMAN, WB (reprint author), US FDA,DIV DRUG ANAL,1114 MARKET ST,ROOM 1002,ST LOUIS,MO 63101, USA.
NR 3
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU US PHARMACOPEIAL CONVENTION
PI ROCKVILLE
PA 12601 TWINBROOK PKWY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852
SN 0363-4655
J9 PHARMACOPEIAL FORUM
JI Pharmacop. Forum
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 21
IS 1
BP 161
EP 162
PG 2
WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA QB583
UT WOS:A1995QB58300003
ER
PT J
AU SANTOS, J
AF SANTOS, J
TI COMPENDIAL MONOGRAPH EVALUATION AND DEVELOPMENT - BROMPHENIRAMINE
MALEATE - REPORT OF FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE MONOGRAPHS FOR
BROMPHENIRAMINE MALEATE, BROMPHENIRAMINE MALEATE ELIXIR, BROMPHENIRAMINE
MALEATE INJECTION, AND BROMPHENIRAMINE MALEATE TABLETS
SO PHARMACOPEIAL FORUM
LA English
DT Article
RP SANTOS, J (reprint author), US FDA,BALTIMORE DIST LAB,BALTIMORE,MD, USA.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU US PHARMACOPEIAL CONVENTION
PI ROCKVILLE
PA 12601 TWINBROOK PKWY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852
SN 0363-4655
J9 PHARMACOPEIAL FORUM
JI Pharmacop. Forum
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 21
IS 1
BP 163
EP 168
PG 6
WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA QB583
UT WOS:A1995QB58300004
ER
PT S
AU Kuznesof, PM
Vanderveer, MC
AF Kuznesof, PM
Vanderveer, MC
BE Rader, CP
Baldwin, SD
Cornell, DD
Sadler, GD
Stockel, RF
TI Recycled plastics for food-contact applications - Science, policy, and
regulation
SO PLASTICS, RUBBER, AND PAPER RECYCLING: A PRAGMATIC APPROACH
SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Plastics, Rubber, and Paper Recycling - A Pragmatic
Approach, at the 208th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 21-25, 1994
CL WASHINGTON, DC
SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Polym Chem Inc, Amer Chem Soc, Div Polym Mat, Amer Chem Soc, Div Sci & Engn Inc, Amer Chem Soc, Div Cellulose Paper & Text Chem, Amer Chem Soc, Div Agr & Food Chem, Amer Chem Soc, Div Environm Chem Inc, Amer Chem Soc, Div Business Dev & Management, Amer Chem Soc, Div Rubber Inc, Amer Chem Soc, Div Macromolec Secretariat
AB The use of recycled plastics for food packaging raises concerns about unregulated substances that may migrate into food and the possible adulteration of the food. In May, 1992, the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition made available a document entitled ''Points to Consider for the Use of Recycled Plastics in Food Packaging: Chemistry Considerations.'' The document highlighted those issues that manufacturers of recycled plastic should consider during the evaluation of a recycling process to produce material suitable for food-contact applications. This paper briefly reviews the highlights of the ''Points,'' discusses the basis for some recent opinions that the Center has given for specific recycling applications, and comments on the agency's developing regulatory policy on the use of recycled plastic for construction of food-contact articles.
RP Kuznesof, PM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 11
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0097-6156
BN 0-8412-3325-X
J9 ACS SYM SER
PY 1995
VL 609
BP 389
EP 403
PG 15
WC Engineering, Environmental; Polymer Science
SC Engineering; Polymer Science
GA BE45V
UT WOS:A1995BE45V00032
ER
PT S
AU Komolprasert, V
Lawson, A
AF Komolprasert, V
Lawson, A
BE Rader, CP
Baldwin, SD
Cornell, DD
Sadler, GD
Stockel, RF
TI Residual contaminants in recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) - Effects
of washing and drying
SO PLASTICS, RUBBER, AND PAPER RECYCLING: A PRAGMATIC APPROACH
SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Plastics, Rubber, and Paper Recycling - A Pragmatic
Approach, at the 208th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 21-25, 1994
CL WASHINGTON, DC
SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Polym Chem Inc, Amer Chem Soc, Div Polym Mat, Amer Chem Soc, Div Sci & Engn Inc, Amer Chem Soc, Div Cellulose Paper & Text Chem, Amer Chem Soc, Div Agr & Food Chem, Amer Chem Soc, Div Environm Chem Inc, Amer Chem Soc, Div Business Dev & Management, Amer Chem Soc, Div Rubber Inc, Amer Chem Soc, Div Macromolec Secretariat
AB Because residual contaminants in recycled plastics intended for food packaging could be a risk to public health, the guidelines of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration suggest that the concentrations of any residual contaminants be determined after the recycling processes. This paper presents the results obtained from small-scale washing and drying experiments using polyethylene terephthalate (PETE) chips made from 2-L beverage bottles. The chips were individually contaminated with benzene, tetracosane, lindane, butyric acid, malathion and copper (II) 2-ethylhexanoate before they were washed and dried. The results show that washing significantly affected the removal of each contaminant from the PETE chips, but the effectiveness varied with the contaminant and washing conditions. Tetracosane was removed in the highest amount, followed by lindane, malathion, copper, butyric acid and benzene. After washing, the residues were present at 1 (tetracosane) to 90% (benzene) of their initial concentrations. Drying at 170 degrees C also significantly affected the removal of the organic contaminants but not copper. After drying, the concentrations of the organic residues ranged from 0.1 (benzene) to 21% (copper) of initial concentrations.
C1 NATL CTR FOOD SAFETY & TECHNOL,SUMMIT ARGO,IL 60501.
RP Komolprasert, V (reprint author), US FDA,DIV FOOD PROC & PACKAGING,6502 S ARCHER RD,SUMMIT ARGO,IL 60501, USA.
NR 6
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0097-6156
BN 0-8412-3325-X
J9 ACS SYM SER
PY 1995
VL 609
BP 435
EP 444
PG 10
WC Engineering, Environmental; Polymer Science
SC Engineering; Polymer Science
GA BE45V
UT WOS:A1995BE45V00035
ER
PT S
AU Begley, TH
Hollifield, HC
AF Begley, TH
Hollifield, HC
BE Rader, CP
Baldwin, SD
Cornell, DD
Sadler, GD
Stockel, RF
TI Food packaging made form recycled polymers - Functional barrier
considerations
SO PLASTICS, RUBBER, AND PAPER RECYCLING: A PRAGMATIC APPROACH
SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Plastics, Rubber, and Paper Recycling - A Pragmatic
Approach, at the 208th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY AUG 21-25, 1994
CL WASHINGTON, DC
SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Polym Chem Inc, Amer Chem Soc, Div Polym Mat, Amer Chem Soc, Div Sci & Engn Inc, Amer Chem Soc, Div Cellulose Paper & Text Chem, Amer Chem Soc, Div Agr & Food Chem, Amer Chem Soc, Div Environm Chem Inc, Amer Chem Soc, Div Business Dev & Management, Amer Chem Soc, Div Rubber Inc, Amer Chem Soc, Div Macromolec Secretariat
ID MIGRATION
AB Over the past few years the curbside collection of post-consumer recyclable products has created a supply of raw materials that can easily be recycled into new products or packaging materials. Recycled materials used for food packaging require some special considerations to ensure that nonregulated chemicals or contaminants either are not present in the material or do not migrate into the food. Because all chemicals diffuse through polymers, a potential for food contamination exists if unregulated chemicals or contaminants are present in the recycled material. The potential for recycled polymers to contaminate food may be reduced by using alternative package designs. This paper will discuss diffusion considerations for recycled polymers and the functional barrier characteristics of polymers (i.e., polyethylene terephthalate (PET)) as they apply to food packages made from recycled polymer resins. The functional barrier concept is discussed relative to the Food and Drug Administration's proposed Threshold of Regulation Policy, Diffusion coefficients for a nonvolatile plasticizer in PET at temperatures above 100 degrees C were measured and used to evaluate the barrier properties of PET dual ovenable trays potentially made from recycled polymer.
RP Begley, TH (reprint author), US FDA,DIV PROD MFG & USE,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 11
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0097-6156
BN 0-8412-3325-X
J9 ACS SYM SER
PY 1995
VL 609
BP 445
EP 457
PG 13
WC Engineering, Environmental; Polymer Science
SC Engineering; Polymer Science
GA BE45V
UT WOS:A1995BE45V00036
ER
PT B
AU Luddy, EA
Sundlof, SF
AF Luddy, EA
Sundlof, SF
BE Soll, MD
Knight, DH
TI Drugs used in the prevention and treatment of heartworm disease - The
regulatory perspective
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE HEARTWORM SYMPOSIUM '95
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT American Heartworm Symposium 95
CY MAR 31-APR 02, 1995
CL AUBURN, AL
SP Amer Heartworm Soc
RP Luddy, EA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMERICAN HEARTWORM SOCIETY
PI BATAVIA
PA PO BOX 667, BATAVIA, IL 60510-0667
BN 1-878353-34-9
PY 1995
BP 1
EP 3
PG 3
WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences
GA BG36Y
UT WOS:A1995BG36Y00001
ER
PT B
AU Coleman, M
Knight, D
Sundlof, S
Paige, J
Slocombe, O
AF Coleman, M
Knight, D
Sundlof, S
Paige, J
Slocombe, O
BE Soll, MD
Knight, DH
TI Discussion 1: FDA regulations Friday, March 31, 1995, 1:30-1:40 PM
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE HEARTWORM SYMPOSIUM '95
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT American Heartworm Symposium 95
CY MAR 31-APR 02, 1995
CL AUBURN, AL
SP Amer Heartworm Soc
RP Coleman, M (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMERICAN HEARTWORM SOCIETY
PI BATAVIA
PA PO BOX 667, BATAVIA, IL 60510-0667
BN 1-878353-34-9
PY 1995
BP 283
EP 284
PG 2
WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences
GA BG36Y
UT WOS:A1995BG36Y00038
ER
PT J
AU SHEEHAN, DM
MEDLOCK, KL
AF SHEEHAN, DM
MEDLOCK, KL
TI PRESENTATIONS FROM THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL-CONFERENCE ON PHYTOESTROGENS -
LITTLE-ROCK, ARKANSAS - OCTOBER 17-20, 1993 - PREFACE
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT BIOCHEM,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205.
RP SHEEHAN, DM (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL INC CAMBRIDGE
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142
SN 0037-9727
J9 P SOC EXP BIOL MED
JI Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 208
IS 1
BP 1
EP 2
PG 2
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA PZ530
UT WOS:A1995PZ53000001
ER
PT J
AU SHEEHAN, DM
AF SHEEHAN, DM
TI THE CASE FOR EXPANDED PHYTOESTROGEN RESEARCH - INTRODUCTION
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID BREAST-CANCER; COUMESTROL; ESTROGENS; RECEPTOR
C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT BIOCHEM,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205.
RP SHEEHAN, DM (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 17
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL INC CAMBRIDGE
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142
SN 0037-9727
J9 P SOC EXP BIOL MED
JI Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 208
IS 1
BP 3
EP 5
PG 3
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA PZ530
UT WOS:A1995PZ53000002
PM 7892291
ER
PT J
AU OBERMEYER, WR
MUSSER, SM
BETZ, JM
CASEY, RE
POHLAND, AE
PAGE, SW
AF OBERMEYER, WR
MUSSER, SM
BETZ, JM
CASEY, RE
POHLAND, AE
PAGE, SW
TI CHEMICAL STUDIES OF PHYTOESTROGENS AND RELATED-COMPOUNDS IN
DIETARY-SUPPLEMENTS - FLAX AND CHAPARRAL
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd International Conference on Phytoestrogens
CY OCT 17-20, 1993
CL LITTLE ROCK, AR
SP NATL CTR TOXICOL RES, US FDA
ID LIGNANS; FOODS
AB High-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) and mass spectrometric (MS) procedures were developed to determine lignans in flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) and chaparral (Larrea tridentata). Flaxseed contains high levels of phytoestrogens. Chaparral has been associated with acute nonviral toxic hepatitis and contains lignans that are structurally similar to known estrogenic compounds. Both flaxseed and chaparral products have been marketed as dietary supplements. A mild enzyme hydrolysis procedure to prevent the formation of artifacts in the isolation step was used in the determination of secolsolariciresinol in flaxseed products. HPLC with ultraviolet spectral (UV) or MS detection was used as the determinative steps. HPLC procedures with UV detection and mass spectrometry were developed to characterize the phenolic components, including lignans and flavonoids, of chaparral and to direct fractionation studies for the bioassays.
C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV GEN SCI SUPPORT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
RP OBERMEYER, WR (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV NAT PROD,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
OI Casey, Ryan/0000-0001-9894-914X
NR 26
TC 95
Z9 104
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL INC CAMBRIDGE
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142
SN 0037-9727
J9 P SOC EXP BIOL MED
JI Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 208
IS 1
BP 6
EP 12
PG 7
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA PZ530
UT WOS:A1995PZ53000003
PM 7892296
ER
PT J
AU MEDLOCK, KL
BRANHAM, WS
SHEEHAN, DM
AF MEDLOCK, KL
BRANHAM, WS
SHEEHAN, DM
TI EFFECTS OF COUMESTROL AND EQUOL ON THE DEVELOPING REPRODUCTIVE-TRACT OF
THE RAT
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd International Conference on Phytoestrogens
CY OCT 17-20, 1993
CL LITTLE ROCK, AR
SP NATL CTR TOXICOL RES, US FDA
ID UTERINE ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; DIETHYLSTILBESTROL; EXPOSURE; UTERUS; GROWTH
AB The phytoestrogens, coumestrol and equol, are weakly estrogenic, Here, we have examined their ability to induce responses in the neonatal rat uterus. Patent estrogens such as diethylstilbestrol (DES) and 17 beta-estradiol which initially double uterine weight on postnatal Day (PND) 5 when given on PHD 1-5 subsequently reduce both uterine growth and gland development at later ages, In this study, Sprague-Dawley pups were treated neonatally (PND 1-5) with various doses of coumestrol and equol, and sacrificed at different ages to determine alterations in biochemical and morphological endpoints. Other rats were injected with the same compounds during the critical period of gland genesis (PND 10-14) to examine their effects on gland development At the 100 mu g coumestrol dose, on PND 1-5, premature gland development and increased uterine weight were observed, However, at later ages, uterine weight was significantly lowered and them was a severe suppression in the estrogen receptor (ER) revels, Equal lowered uterine weight at the later ages but did not affect ER levels, When given on PND 10-14, both coumestrol and equol caused a dose-dependent inhibition of gland genesis though not as severe as either DES or tamoxifen, Coumestrol was about 10(3) more potent than equal as an estrogen and behaved much like DES with respect to its effects on uterine weight, glands, and ER levels. At the doses used in this study, equol failed to demonstrate either estrogenic or antiestrogenic activity.
C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT BIOCHEM,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205.
UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205.
RP MEDLOCK, KL (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,HFT-130,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 17
TC 43
Z9 45
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL INC CAMBRIDGE
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142
SN 0037-9727
J9 P SOC EXP BIOL MED
JI Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 208
IS 1
BP 67
EP 71
PG 5
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA PZ530
UT WOS:A1995PZ53000012
PM 7892298
ER
PT J
AU BURROUGHS, CD
AF BURROUGHS, CD
TI LONG-TERM REPRODUCTIVE-TRACT ALTERATIONS IN FEMALE MICE TREATED
NEONATALLY WITH COUMESTROL
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd International Conference on Phytoestrogens
CY OCT 17-20, 1993
CL LITTLE ROCK, AR
SP NATL CTR TOXICOL RES, US FDA
ID GENITAL-TRACT; EXPOSURE; ESTROGEN; DIETHYLSTILBESTROL; ADENOCARCINOMA;
ABNORMALITIES; VAGINA
AB The neonatal mouse has proven to be an excellent model to ascertain the deleterious effects of estrogenic compounds on the developing reproductive tract. This system has been used to determine the morphological consequences after neonatal exposure to coumestrol (a plant estrogen).
The role of estrogens in carcinogenesis (as a cocarcinogen or a tumor promotor) is unresolved at this time. Many studies suggest that estrogens are capable of functioning in this manner and recent evidence in cellular and molecular oncology revealed that estrogens act by genetic and epigenetic mechanisms in cancer cells. This review discusses the long-term morphological alterations in the reproductive tract of mice exposed neonatally to coumestrol.
RP BURROUGHS, CD (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,3900 NCTR DR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-05388]
NR 33
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL INC CAMBRIDGE
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142
SN 0037-9727
J9 P SOC EXP BIOL MED
JI Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 208
IS 1
BP 78
EP 81
PG 4
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA PZ530
UT WOS:A1995PZ53000014
PM 7892300
ER
PT J
AU LYNCOOK, BD
BLANN, E
PAYNE, PW
BO, J
SHEEHAN, D
MEDLOCK, K
AF LYNCOOK, BD
BLANN, E
PAYNE, PW
BO, J
SHEEHAN, D
MEDLOCK, K
TI METHYLATION PROFILE AND AMPLIFICATION OF PROTOONCOGENES IN RAT PANCREAS
INDUCED WITH PHYTOESTROGENS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd International Conference on Phytoestrogens
CY OCT 17-20, 1993
CL LITTLE ROCK, AR
SP NATL CTR TOXICOL RES, US FDA
ID DNA METHYLATION; CANCER
AB Specific gene hypermethylation has been shown in DNA from neonatal rats exposed to the phytoestrogens, coumestrol, and equol. The pancreas is an organ in which estrogen receptors have been shown to be present. Studies have correlated the development of acute pancreatitis with rising levels of human estrogen binding proteins. Neonatal rats were dosed with 10 or 100 pg of coumestrol or equol on postnatal day (PND) 1-10. The animals were sacrificed at Day 15. The pancreas was excised and pancreatic acinar cells isolated for molecular analysis. DNA was isolated from the cells by lysis in TEN-9 buffer supplemented with proteinase K and 0.1% SDS. High molecular weight (HMW) DNA was digested with the methylated DNA specific restriction enzymes, Hpa II and Msp I, for determination of methylation profiles. Both coumestrol and equol at high doses caused hypermethylation of the c-H-ras protooncogene. No hypermethylation or hypomethylation was observed in the protooncogenes, c-myc or c-fos. Methylation is thought to be an epigenetic mechanism involved in the activation (hypomethylation) or inactivation (hypermethylation) of cellular genes which are known to play a role in carcinogenesis. Epidemiology studies have shown that equol may have anti-carcinogenic effects on some hormone-dependent cancers. Additional studies are needed to further understand the role of phytoestrogens and methylation in relation to pancreatic disorders.
C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD,CA 94305.
RP LYNCOOK, BD (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NUTR TOXICOL,HFT-140,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 15
TC 34
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 2
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL INC CAMBRIDGE
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142
SN 0037-9727
J9 P SOC EXP BIOL MED
JI Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 208
IS 1
BP 116
EP 119
PG 4
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA PZ530
UT WOS:A1995PZ53000021
PM 7534422
ER
PT J
AU ASTHANA, S
RAFFAELE, KC
GREIG, NH
BERARDI, A
MORRIS, PP
SCHAPIRO, MB
RAPOPORT, SI
BLACKMAN, MR
SONCRANT, TT
AF ASTHANA, S
RAFFAELE, KC
GREIG, NH
BERARDI, A
MORRIS, PP
SCHAPIRO, MB
RAPOPORT, SI
BLACKMAN, MR
SONCRANT, TT
TI NEUROENDOCRINE RESPONSES TO INTRAVENOUS-INFUSION OF ARECOLINE IN
PATIENTS WITH ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE
SO PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE ALZHEIMERS DISEASE; ARECOLINE; HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS;
MEMORY; STRESS; CORTICOSTEROID
ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE; RAT HYPOTHALAMUS INVITRO; PUTATIVE
NEUROTRANSMITTERS; DEXAMETHASONE SUPPRESSION; BRAIN ACETYLCHOLINE;
CHOLINERGIC AGONIST; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; ANTERIOR-PITUITARY;
NEURO-ENDOCRINE; PHYSOSTIGMINE
AB We have reported that arecoline, a muscarinic receptor agonist replicably enhanced verbal memory in five of nine subjects with Alzheimer's disease (AD). To investigate the mechanism of cognitive improvement, circulating hormone measurements were made during high-dose acute and low-dose chronic intravenous (i.v.) arecoline administration to AD patients. Acute hormone responses were measured during, and for 6 h after, infusion of arecoline 5 mg i.v. over 30 min. Chronic responses were measured in cognitive responders during continuous i.v. infusion of arecoline escalating over 2 weeks (0.5-40 mg/day) and then during a 1 week infusion of the dose optimizing cognition (4-16 mg/day). Acute arecoline administered to 14 subjects produced unpleasant side-effects (e.g. nausea, vomiting), mean adrenocorticotrophic hormone (p=.0006), cortisol (p=.0001) and beta-endorphin (p=.0001) levels were elevated. During chronic arecoline treatment, no side-effects occurred and plasma cortisol, adrenocorticotrophic hormone and beta-endorphin levels were unchanged in nine subjects overall and in five cognitive responders. Thus, high-dose arecoline activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and may increase other anterior pituitary hormone levels, likely representing a 'stress response', but cognition-enhancing, low doses of arecoline do not produce a glucocorticoid response. Hence, arecoline-induced memory improvement is not due to the induction of 'stress' nor to the elevation of peripheral corticosteroid levels.
C1 NIA,NEUROSCI LAB,PHARMACOL & PHARMACOKINET UNIT,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
HARVARD UNIV,DEPT PSYCHOL,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138.
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,FRANCIS SCOTT KEY MED CTR,SCH MED,DIV ENDOCRINOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21224.
NR 63
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0306-4530
J9 PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINO
JI Psychoneuroendocrinology
PY 1995
VL 20
IS 6
BP 623
EP 636
DI 10.1016/0306-4530(94)00084-N
PG 14
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences; Psychiatry
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry
GA TB087
UT WOS:A1995TB08700005
PM 8584603
ER
PT J
AU LEBER, P
AF LEBER, P
TI SPEED OF ONSET
SO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE ONSET OF ACTION; SPEED OF ONSET; ANTIDEPRESSANTS; BETWEEN-DRUG
COMPARISON; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; CLINICAL TRIAL METHODOLOGY
AB Speed of onset can be an important attribute of drug product performance. In studies employing appropriate designs and outcome measures, it is theoretically possible to make internally valid comparisons of the distribution of onset times associated with the use of two or more drug products. The external validity of such estimates is still potentially arguable. Steps that may be taken to enhance the likelihood that the results of such comparative studies will be accepted as valid bases for comparative claims are discussed.
RP LEBER, P (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 1
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 1
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325
SN 0048-5764
J9 PSYCHOPHARMACOL BULL
JI Psychopharmacol. Bull.
PY 1995
VL 31
IS 1
BP 37
EP 40
PG 4
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA RN615
UT WOS:A1995RN61500007
PM 7675987
ER
PT J
AU Wright, C
AF Wright, C
TI Medications development for alcohol use disorders
SO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 35th Annual New-Clinical-Drug-Evaluation-Unit Meeting, of the
National-Institute-of-Mental-Health
CY MAY 30-JUN 03, 1995
CL ORLANDO, FL
SP New Clin Drug Evaluat Unit, NIMH
DE alcoholism; alcohol dependence; clinical trials; pharmaceutical
development; drug approval process
AB There are substantial differences between the objectives and processes of normal grant-funded research and those of commercial pharmaceutical development, These differences are explained with respect to clinical trials design in alcohol addiction, strategies for maximizing the success of controlled trials in drug development in this area, and avoidance of problems in the conducting of clinical trials subject to audit, Also discussed are possible new pharmacological interventions in alcohol use disorders and the need to recognize the usefulness of medications across the whole range of clinical presentations.
RP Wright, C (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ADDICT MED GRP,HFD-007,ROOM 9B-45,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325
SN 0048-5764
J9 PSYCHOPHARMACOL BULL
JI Psychopharmacol. Bull.
PY 1995
VL 31
IS 4
BP 681
EP 686
PG 6
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry
GA UB038
UT WOS:A1995UB03800007
PM 8851640
ER
PT J
AU SILVERMAN, BG
GROSS, TP
KACZMAREK, RG
HAMILTON, P
HAMBURGER, S
AF SILVERMAN, BG
GROSS, TP
KACZMAREK, RG
HAMILTON, P
HAMBURGER, S
TI THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF PACEMAKER IMPLANTATION IN THE UNITED-STATES
SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID DEVICES
AB Data on pacemaker implantation were obtained from the Medical Device Implant Supplement to the 1988 National Health Interview Survey, a nationally representative, population-based survey of 47,485 households (122,310 persons). The survey yielded an estimate of 456,482 noninstitutionalized adults with pacemakers (prevalence, 2.6 per 1,000).
Prevalence rose significantly with age, from 0.4 per 1,000 among persons ages 18-64 to 26 per 1,000 among those ages 75 or older. Age-adjusted prevalence in males was 1.5 times that in females, and in whites 1.6 times that in nonwhites, although these differences were of borderline statistical significance. Prevalence did not vary significantly by region of residence, educational level, or income, but was significantly increased (more than threefold) in those reporting any activity limitation compared with those with no limitation.
Fifteen percent of pacemakers in use were replacements; about one-fifth of these had been replaced more than twice. Sixty percent of previous pacemakers had been in place for at least 5 years.
These data provide the first nationwide, population-based estimates of the epidemiology of pacemaker implantation, focusing particularly on the demographics of U.S. pacemaker recipients.
C1 US FDA,OFF SURVEILLANCE & BIOMETR,DIV POSTMARKET SURVEILLANCE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
US FDA,OFF SURVEILLANCE & BIOMETR,EPIDEMIOL BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
RP SILVERMAN, BG (reprint author), US FDA,OFF SURVEILLANCE & BIOMETR,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,1350 PICCARD DR,HFZ 541,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA.
NR 25
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 2
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325
SN 0033-3549
J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP
JI Public Health Rep.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 110
IS 1
BP 42
EP 46
PG 5
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA QG127
UT WOS:A1995QG12700007
PM 7838942
ER
PT B
AU Pennington, JAT
AF Pennington, JAT
BE Greenfield, H
TI Food classification and terminology systems
SO QUALITY AND ACCESSIBILITY OF FOOD-RELATED DATA
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Food Data Base Conference
CY SEP 22-24, 1993
CL SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA
SP AOAC Int, Dept Ind Trade & Commerce, Univ New S Wales, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Univ New S Wales, Food Ind Dev Ctr, Eurofoods Enfant, Austr Int Dev Assistance Bur, Natl Food Authority, Austr Inst Hlth & Welf, McDonalds Austr Ltd, Xyris Software Pty Ltd, Austr, Natl Assoc Testing Authorities
C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS
PI ARLINGTON
PA 2200 WILSON BLVD, STE 400-P, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-3301
BN 0-935584-56-0
PY 1995
BP 85
EP 97
PG 13
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Food Science &
Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Computer Science; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics
GA BE55N
UT WOS:A1995BE55N00010
ER
PT B
AU Tanner, JT
Wolf, WR
Horwitz, W
AF Tanner, JT
Wolf, WR
Horwitz, W
BE Greenfield, H
TI Nutritional metrology: The role of reference materials in improving
quality of analytical measurement and data on food components
SO QUALITY AND ACCESSIBILITY OF FOOD-RELATED DATA
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Food Data Base Conference
CY SEP 22-24, 1993
CL SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA
SP AOAC Int, Dept Ind Trade & Commerce, Univ New S Wales, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Univ New S Wales, Food Ind Dev Ctr, Eurofoods Enfant, Austr Int Dev Assistance Bur, Natl Food Authority, Austr Inst Hlth & Welf, McDonalds Austr Ltd, Xyris Software Pty Ltd, Austr, Natl Assoc Testing Authorities
C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS
PI ARLINGTON
PA 2200 WILSON BLVD, STE 400-P, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-3301
BN 0-935584-56-0
PY 1995
BP 99
EP 104
PG 6
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Food Science &
Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Computer Science; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics
GA BE55N
UT WOS:A1995BE55N00011
ER
PT B
AU Tanner, JT
AF Tanner, JT
BE Greenfield, H
TI Use of databases for nutrition labeling in the United States
SO QUALITY AND ACCESSIBILITY OF FOOD-RELATED DATA
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Food Data Base Conference
CY SEP 22-24, 1993
CL SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA
SP AOAC Int, Dept Ind Trade & Commerce, Univ New S Wales, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Univ New S Wales, Food Ind Dev Ctr, Eurofoods Enfant, Austr Int Dev Assistance Bur, Natl Food Authority, Austr Inst Hlth & Welf, McDonalds Austr Ltd, Xyris Software Pty Ltd, Austr, Natl Assoc Testing Authorities
C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,OFF SPECIAL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS
PI ARLINGTON
PA 2200 WILSON BLVD, STE 400-P, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-3301
BN 0-935584-56-0
PY 1995
BP 297
EP 304
PG 8
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Food Science &
Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Computer Science; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics
GA BE55N
UT WOS:A1995BE55N00031
ER
PT S
AU PAULI, GH
AF PAULI, GH
BE Young, JP
Yalow, RS
TI EVALUATING THE SAFETY OF IRRADIATED FOODS
SO RADIATION AND PUBLIC PERCEPTION: BENEFITS AND RISKS
SE ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SERIES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Radiation and Public Perception; Benefits and Risks, at the
203rd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY APR 05-10, 1992
CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA
SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV NUCL CHEM & TECHNOL, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV CHEM HLTH & SAFETY, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV ENVIRONM CHEM INC
AB Health agencies throughout the world have evaluated the safety of irradiated foods by considering the likelihood that irradiation would induce radioactivity, produce toxic radiolytic products, destroy nutrients, or change the microbiological profile of organisms in the food. After years of study, researchers have concluded that foods irradiated under the proper conditions will not produce adverse health effects when consumed.
RP PAULI, GH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV FOOD & COLOR ADDIT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 22
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0065-2393
BN 0-8412-2932-5
J9 ADV CHEM SER
PY 1995
VL 243
BP 89
EP 101
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Physics, Nuclear
SC Chemistry; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Physics
GA BC02V
UT WOS:A1995BC02V00008
ER
PT J
AU SULEIMAN, OH
CONWAY, BJ
RUETER, FG
MCCROHAN, JL
SLAYTON, RJ
ANTONSEN, RG
AF SULEIMAN, OH
CONWAY, BJ
RUETER, FG
MCCROHAN, JL
SLAYTON, RJ
ANTONSEN, RG
TI THE UNITED-STATES EXPERIENCE IN PATIENT DOSE AND IMAGE QUALITY
SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Quality Control and Radiation Protection of the Patient in
Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine
CY SEP 29-OCT 01, 1993
CL GRADO, ITALY
SP COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, UNITA SANITARIA LOCALE N 7, UDINE, WHO
AB In the United States the Nationwide Evaluation of X-ray Trends (NEXT), a cooperative federal-state survey programme, measures the average radiation air kerma associated with several specific diagnostic X-ray examinations. Chest radiography was surveyed in 1984 and 1986, the abdomen-L/S spine in 1987 and 1989, computed tomography in 1990, and dental radiography in 1993. Since 1984, patient exposure equivalent phantoms have been used for each annual survey. Three examinations, mammography (1985, 1988, 1992); fluoroscopy (1991), and dental radiography (1993) have incorporated image quality test objects. The surveys are comprehensive, collecting data such as screen and film type, whether a grid is used, selected Xray tube potential, measured beam quality, the measurement of processing speed, and entrance air kerma. The trend in mammography, which has been observed for three separate surveys, shows an overall decrease in the average examination dose during this period of time, while image quality has improved. The main reason for the reduction in dose is the elimination of xerography relative to screen-film mammography. Within screen-film mammography an improvement has been observed in film processing, an improvement in beam quality, and an increase in the use of grids. These changes have contributed to the observed improvement in image quality and associated increase in mean glandular dose for screen-film systems. The fluoroscopy survey showed an average air kerma of 43 Gy.min(-1). The image quality evaluation showed 87% of surveyed facilities able to resolve at least the 20 wire mesh (equivalent to 0.8 1p.mm(-1)); while 51% of facilities had a per cent contrast sensitivity greater than 4%.
RP SULEIMAN, OH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,HFZ 240,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL
PI ASHFORD
PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW
SN 0144-8420
J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM
JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim.
PY 1995
VL 57
IS 1-4
BP 101
EP 104
PG 4
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA QL932
UT WOS:A1995QL93200028
ER
PT J
AU WILKES, JG
ZARRIN, F
LAY, JO
VESTAL, ML
AF WILKES, JG
ZARRIN, F
LAY, JO
VESTAL, ML
TI PARTICLE-SIZE DISTRIBUTION IS NOT THE MAJOR FACTOR EXPLAINING VARIABLE
ANALYTE TRANSMISSION EFFICIENCY IN LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY PARTICLE
BEAM/MASS SPECTROMETRY
SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID BEAM MASS-SPECTROMETRY
AB We characterized the particle size distribution and the analyte transmission efficiency of a liquid chromatography/particle beam/mass spectrometry (LC/PB/MS) system as a function of experimental variations normally used to optimize the LC/PB/MS system. The particle size distribution was evaluated using an electrical differential mobility particle sizer (DMPS) and both the DMPS and the mass spectrometer were used to evaluate transmission. The latter results were correlated to provide evidence related to mechanisms which contribute to poor sample transmission. Addition of ammonium acetate buffer did not increase the aerosol particle mean diameter. However, it did lead to significant increases in caffeine transmission efficiency observed in both the DMPS and the mass spectrometer. Our results were interpreted to suggest a possible electrostatic cause for quantitative anomalies in LC/PB/MS rather than simple mass discrimination in the particle beam momentum separator.
C1 TSI INC,ST PAUL,MN 55164.
PERSEPT BIOSYST,VESTEC MASS SPECTROMETRY PROD,HOUSTON,TX 77072.
RP WILKES, JG (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
RI Lay, Jackson/G-1007-2011
OI Lay, Jackson/0000-0003-3789-2527
NR 9
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 1
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI W SUSSEX
PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD
SN 0951-4198
J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP
JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.
PY 1995
VL 9
IS 2
BP 133
EP 137
DI 10.1002/rcm.1290090206
PG 5
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA QK408
UT WOS:A1995QK40800005
PM 7696707
ER
PT J
AU WILKES, JG
FREEMAN, JP
HEINZE, TM
LAY, JO
VESTAL, ML
AF WILKES, JG
FREEMAN, JP
HEINZE, TM
LAY, JO
VESTAL, ML
TI AC CORONA-DISCHARGE AEROSOL-NEUTRALIZATION DEVICE ADAPTED TO
LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY PARTICLE BEAM/MASS SPECTROMETRY
SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID COUPLED PLASMA SPECTROMETRY; BEAM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PNEUMATIC
NEBULIZERS; SPRAY CHAMBERS
AB An AC corona-discharge device was inserted upstream of a thermospray vaporizer tip in a liquid chromatography/particle beam mass spectrometer to neutralize static aerosol charging. Response of a test analyte was measured with or without discharge initiation. If the solvent contained no ammonium acetate buffer, increased analyte signal was associated with the discharge. However, in the presence of ammonium acetate the benefit of AC discharge neutralization was either not observed or was more subtle. This led to the conclusion that the previously observed ammonium acetate ''carrier'' effect is attributable, at least in part, to neutralization of static electric charges produced spontaneously during the solvent nebulization process. In a second experiment, the pattern of particles issuing from the system momentum separator was examined by aiming the particle beam at a cold target located within a mass spectrometer ion source. Variations in particle density were observed depending on (i) whether or not the aerosol had been neutralized and (ii) the proximity of electron-beam-collimating magnets to the particle beam trajectory. These results are consistent with a hypothesis that electrostatic charging occurs spontaneously during the nebulization process in which an aerosol is formed from the high performance liquid chromatography effluent. Such electrostatic charging introduces a factor likely to degrade system performance by at least two modes: through interactions of the charged aerosol particles (i) with the walls of the aerosol transmission pathway, and, after they are accelerated into a particle beam and introduced into the mass spectrometer, (ii) with the magnets used for electron beam collimation in many mass spectrometer ion sources.
C1 PERSEPT BIOSYST,VESTEC MASS SPECTROMETRY PROD,HOUSTON,TX 77072.
RP WILKES, JG (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
RI Lay, Jackson/G-1007-2011
OI Lay, Jackson/0000-0003-3789-2527
NR 14
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI W SUSSEX
PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD
SN 0951-4198
J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP
JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.
PY 1995
VL 9
IS 2
BP 138
EP 142
DI 10.1002/rcm.1290090207
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA QK408
UT WOS:A1995QK40800006
PM 7696708
ER
PT J
AU HINES, HB
BRUEGGEMANN, EE
HOLCOMB, M
HOLDER, CL
AF HINES, HB
BRUEGGEMANN, EE
HOLCOMB, M
HOLDER, CL
TI FUMONISIN B-1 ANALYSIS WITH CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS
ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY
SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID FUSARIUM-MONILIFORME; FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY;
MYCOTOXINS; LEUKOENCEPHALOMALACIA; CORN; B1
AB Fumonisin B-1, a mycotoxin produced by a common fungal contaminant of corn, Fusarium moniliforme, was analyzed by capillary electrophoresis-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. System performance was maximal with uncoated columns. System efficiencies of approximately 44 000 plates/m and reproducible analysis times of about 13 min were obtained. System efficiency with metayl-coated columns was approximately 24 000 plates/m. Reproducible analysis times of about 3.5 min were obtained with these columns. With uncoated columns, the concentration limit of detection was 156 ppb with a s/n ratio of approximately 10. The estimated injected mass at 156 ppb was 1.1 pg. Repeated injections of extracts containing constant fumonisin B-1 concentrations showed that peak areas were slightly inconsistent, although generally similar to variations encountered with liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The source of this inconsistency was traced to sample solubility, errors inherent in electrophoresis injections, and electrospray instability. Minimizing these problem areas will produce a technique with peak area reproducibilities comparable to liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, but with potentially greater resolving power.
C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV CHEM,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
RP HINES, HB (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV TOXINOL,FREDERICK,MD 21702, USA.
NR 25
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 3
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI W SUSSEX
PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD
SN 0951-4198
J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP
JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.
PY 1995
VL 9
IS 6
BP 519
EP 524
DI 10.1002/rcm.1290090610
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA QZ491
UT WOS:A1995QZ49100009
PM 7606046
ER
PT J
AU VOLMER, D
WILKES, JG
LEVSEN, K
AF VOLMER, D
WILKES, JG
LEVSEN, K
TI LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY MULTIRESIDUE DETERMINATION OF
SULFONYLUREAS AFTER ONLINE TRACE ENRICHMENT
SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID METSULFURON-METHYL; HERBICIDES; CHLORSULFURON
AB A multiresidue method was developed for the trace level determination of sulfonylurea herbicides in aqueous samples. The method employs on-line solid-phase extraction and electrospray and thermospray reversed-phase liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. In combination with time-scheduled selected-ion monitoring, the method permits the detection of the sulfonylureas down to the 50-100 ng/L level with excellent recoveries of >90% and reproducibilities between 2 and 8.5% for almost all of the investigated compounds. This improved method is superior to existing techniques because no special clean-up step is necessary, and owing to the fast on-line preconcentration step, the technique can be used as a rapid screening and confirmatory method. The method can be used with either thermospray or electrospray mass spectrometry, both of which provided mass spectra with at least three structure-signficant ions necessary for an unambiguous identification in environmental samples.
C1 FRAUNHOFER INST TOXICOL & AEROSOL RES,D-30625 HANNOVER,GERMANY.
RP VOLMER, D (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,3900 NCTR DR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
RI Volmer, Dietrich/G-7900-2012
OI Volmer, Dietrich/0000-0003-2820-1480
NR 18
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 1
U2 3
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI W SUSSEX
PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD
SN 0951-4198
J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP
JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.
PY 1995
VL 9
IS 9
BP 767
EP 771
DI 10.1002/rcm.1290090909
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA RL213
UT WOS:A1995RL21300008
ER
PT J
AU DOERGE, DR
BAJIC, S
AF DOERGE, DR
BAJIC, S
TI MULTIRESIDUE DETERMINATION OF QUINOLONE ANTIBIOTICS USING
LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY COUPLED TO ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE
CHEMICAL-IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY AND TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY
SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
AB Liquid chromatography coupled to atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) methods for the determination and quantification of four quinolone antibiotics were adapted from a published procedure for liquid-liquid extraction from catfish muscle and high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis. In-source collision-induced dissociation was used to optimize fragmentation to produce mass spectra consisting of the protonated molecule and two characteristic fragment ions of nearly equal intensity. Selected ion monitoring of three ions per quinolone yielded sensitive detection in catfish muscle extracts (estimated instrumental detection limits 0.8-1.7 ppb). The intensity ratios were used to confirm the presence of three of the quinolones based on the accurate agreement (less than or equal to 10% deviation) between ratios derived from fortified catfish extracts and those from standard quinolones. MS/MS was used to increase the specificity and sensitivity of analysis. Scans using constant neural loss (CNL) of 18 mass units gave a sensitive response for the quinolones suggesting that CNL scans may be applicable to multiresidue screening for unknown quinolones. MS/MS with multiple reaction monitoring of the [MH-18](+) transition for each quinolone yielded the highest sensitivity analysis in catfish extracts (estimated instrumental detection limits 0.08-0.16 ppb).
C1 FISONS VG ORGAN,ALTRINCHAM WA14 5RZ,CHESHIRE,ENGLAND.
RP DOERGE, DR (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 8
TC 44
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 4
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI W SUSSEX
PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD
SN 0951-4198
J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP
JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.
PY 1995
VL 9
IS 11
BP 1012
EP 1016
DI 10.1002/rcm.1290091108
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA RU483
UT WOS:A1995RU48300007
PM 7548957
ER
PT J
AU MOORE, JA
DASTON, GP
FAUSTMAN, E
GOLUB, MS
HART, WL
HUGHES, C
KIMMEL, CA
LAMB, JC
SCHWETZ, BA
SCIALLI, AR
AF MOORE, JA
DASTON, GP
FAUSTMAN, E
GOLUB, MS
HART, WL
HUGHES, C
KIMMEL, CA
LAMB, JC
SCHWETZ, BA
SCIALLI, AR
TI AN EVALUATIVE PROCESS FOR ASSESSING HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE AND DEVELOPMENTAL
TOXICITY OF AGENTS
SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID INVIVO TERATOLOGY SCREEN; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; RHESUS-MONKEYS; PREGNANT
RATS; CELL-CULTURES; FEMALE RATS; INVITRO; VALIDATION; EMBRYOTOXICITY;
ASSOCIATION
C1 PROCTER & GAMBLE CO,MIAMI VALLEY LABS,CINCINNATI,OH.
CALIF ENVIRONM PROTECT AGCY,OFF ENVIRONM HLTH HAZARD ASSESSMENT,SACRAMENTO,CA.
EASTMAN KODAK CO,ROCHESTER,NY.
DUKE UNIV,MED CTR,DURHAM,NC.
US EPA,WASHINGTON,DC 20460.
JELLINEK SCHWARTZ & CONNOLLY INC,ARLINGTON,VA.
NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20007.
UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195.
RP MOORE, JA (reprint author), INST EVALUATING HLTH RISKS,1101 VERMONT AVE NW,SUITE 608,WASHINGTON,DC 20005, USA.
NR 88
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0890-6238
J9 REPROD TOXICOL
JI Reprod. Toxicol.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 9
IS 1
BP 61
EP 95
DI 10.1016/0890-6238(94)00057-4
PG 35
WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology
SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology
GA QJ007
UT WOS:A1995QJ00700008
PM 8520133
ER
PT J
AU Chetty, CS
Hussain, S
Slikker, W
Ali, SF
AF Chetty, CS
Hussain, S
Slikker, W
Ali, SF
TI Effects of phencyclidine on nitric oxide synthase activity in different
regions of rat brain
SO RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS IN ALCOHOL AND SUBSTANCES OF ABUSE
LA English
DT Article
ID ASPARTATE; RECEPTORS; CULTURES; PHARMACOKINETICS; NEUROTOXICITY;
MECHANISMS; INHIBITION; NEURONS
AB Phencyclidine (PCP, Angel Dust) is a widely used drug of abuse and is known to have neurotoxic effects. PCP modulates N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and Ca2+-releasing pathways however, its mechanism of action and neurotoxic potential remain unclear. Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) is a Ca2+-dependent cytosolic enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of nitric oxide (NO) which mediates several neuronal events. PCP in vitro at micromolar (5-100 mu M) concentrations significantly inhibited NOS activity in rat cerebellum. Similar significant inhibition of NOS activity was also observed in the hippocampus, caudate nucleus, frontal cortex and cerebellum of female rats (Sprague-Dawley) treated with PCP (15 mg/kg, ip) after 0.5, 1, 2, and 24 h. A time-dependent PCP-inhibition of NOS in different regions of the brain was observed up to 2 h however, POP-inhibited NOS activity was partially recovered at 24 h after treatment. These data suggest that PCP induced significant alterations in NOS activity and interfered in NO-mediated neural signalling processes.
C1 SAVANNAH STATE COLL,DEPT BIOL & LIFE SCI,SAVANNAH,GA 31404.
RP Chetty, CS (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,NEUROCHEM LAB,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 31
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU P J D PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI WESTBURY
PA PO BOX 966, WESTBURY, NY 11590
SN 1080-8388
J9 RES COMMUN ALCOHOL S
JI Res. Commun. Alcohol Subst. Abus.
PY 1995
VL 16
IS 3
BP 105
EP 114
PG 10
WC Substance Abuse
SC Substance Abuse
GA TN379
UT WOS:A1995TN37900002
ER
PT B
AU Alpert, S
AF Alpert, S
BE Grundfest, WS
TI Impact of regulations on health care costs
SO ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN THE COST OF HEALTH CARE: PROVIDING THE SOLUTIONS:
HEALTH CARE TECHNOLOGY POLICY II
SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
(SPIE)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Health Care Technology Policy II - the Role of Technology
in the Cost of Health Care: Providing the Solutions
CY MAY 10-12, 1995
CL ARLINGTON, VA
SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Whitaker Fdn, NIST, Adv Technol Programs, Cedars Sinai Medallions Charitable Fund, Hamamatsu Corp, Mayo Clin, IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc
C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF DEVICE EVALUAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010
BN 0-8194-1856-0
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 1995
VL 2499
BP 162
EP 173
PG 12
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Optics
SC Computer Science; Optics
GA BE37N
UT WOS:A1995BE37N00020
ER
PT B
AU Reamer, LA
AF Reamer, LA
BE Grundfest, WS
TI Reinventing device review
SO ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN THE COST OF HEALTH CARE: PROVIDING THE SOLUTIONS:
HEALTH CARE TECHNOLOGY POLICY II
SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
(SPIE)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Health Care Technology Policy II - the Role of Technology
in the Cost of Health Care: Providing the Solutions
CY MAY 10-12, 1995
CL ARLINGTON, VA
SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Whitaker Fdn, NIST, Adv Technol Programs, Cedars Sinai Medallions Charitable Fund, Hamamatsu Corp, Mayo Clin, IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc
DE medical device review; 510(k) statistics; new initiatives;
reorganization; standard operating procedure; TQM; streamline process;
time measurement; quality improvement
C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF DEVICE EVALUAT,DIV CARDIOVASC RESP & NEUROL DEVICES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010
BN 0-8194-1856-0
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 1995
VL 2499
BP 177
EP 188
PG 12
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Optics
SC Computer Science; Optics
GA BE37N
UT WOS:A1995BE37N00022
ER
PT B
AU Waynant, RW
AF Waynant, RW
BE Grundfest, WS
TI Quantitative risk analysis of medical devices: An endoscopic imaging
example
SO ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN THE COST OF HEALTH CARE: PROVIDING THE SOLUTIONS:
HEALTH CARE TECHNOLOGY POLICY II
SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
(SPIE)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Health Care Technology Policy II - the Role of Technology
in the Cost of Health Care: Providing the Solutions
CY MAY 10-12, 1995
CL ARLINGTON, VA
SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Whitaker Fdn, NIST, Adv Technol Programs, Cedars Sinai Medallions Charitable Fund, Hamamatsu Corp, Mayo Clin, IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc
DE risk; risk analysis; receiver operating characteristic (ROC); signal to
noise ratio; endoscope; 3-D image
C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ELECTROOPT BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010
BN 0-8194-1856-0
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 1995
VL 2499
BP 237
EP 245
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Optics
SC Computer Science; Optics
GA BE37N
UT WOS:A1995BE37N00027
ER
PT B
AU Bogner, MS
AF Bogner, MS
BE Grundfest, WS
TI Technology, human error, and standards
SO ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN THE COST OF HEALTH CARE: PROVIDING THE SOLUTIONS:
HEALTH CARE TECHNOLOGY POLICY II
SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
(SPIE)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Health Care Technology Policy II - the Role of Technology
in the Cost of Health Care: Providing the Solutions
CY MAY 10-12, 1995
CL ARLINGTON, VA
SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Whitaker Fdn, NIST, Adv Technol Programs, Cedars Sinai Medallions Charitable Fund, Hamamatsu Corp, Mayo Clin, IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc
DE human error; adverse events; adverse outcomes; systems approach;
inappropriate design; user involvement; home care; training; standards
C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010
BN 0-8194-1856-0
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 1995
VL 2499
BP 374
EP 384
PG 11
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Optics
SC Computer Science; Optics
GA BE37N
UT WOS:A1995BE37N00042
ER
PT J
AU AZIZ, K
AF AZIZ, K
TI TUMOR-MARKERS - CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE APPLICATIONS
SO SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL & LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th Bergmeyer Conference on Improving the Clinical Value of Laboratory
Data - Tumor Markers: Current Status and Future Trends
CY 1994
CL TUTZING, GERMANY
SP BOEHRINGER MANNHEIM GMBH
AB A variety of tumour marker tests are available for three major intended uses: screening, diagnosis, and monitoring. For each use, performance characteristics need to be well established. The value of a marker depends heavily on two predominant performance parameters - sensitivity and specificity. These parameters must be established with respect to the intended clinical use of the marker. Therefore, it is important to balance the analytical/clinical sensitivity and the resultant claims for the test. The FDA review and evaluation of a tumour marker test focuses upon the intended use and the clinical utility of the marker. The sponsor must prove all specific claims. The data must support well-designed scientific protocols and clinical studies[1].
Generally, a tumour marker test is evaluated based on its intended clinical use, epidemiological sensitivity, specificity, and prevalence. A particular tumour marker test will have higher predictive value when it is applied to a population with a higher prevalence of the type of cancer being studied. Clinical utility for screening use may be limited by low prevalence [2].
RP AZIZ, K (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,2098 GAITER RD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 2
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SCANDINAVIAN UNIVERSITY PRESS
PI OSLO
PA PO BOX 2959 TOYEN, JOURNAL DIVISION CUSTOMER SERVICE, N-0608 OSLO,
NORWAY
SN 0036-5513
J9 SCAND J CLIN LAB INV
JI Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest.
PY 1995
VL 55
SU 221
BP 153
EP 155
DI 10.3109/00365519509090578
PG 3
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA QW132
UT WOS:A1995QW13200023
ER
PT J
AU CHASIN, SH
AF CHASIN, SH
TI HEALTH-POLICY REFORM - COMPETITION AND CONTROLS - HELMS,RB
SO SOUTHERN ECONOMIC JOURNAL
LA English
DT Book Review
RP CHASIN, SH (reprint author), US FDA,5600 FISHERS LN,RM 14-71,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV NORTH CAROLINA
PI CHAPEL HILL
PA SOUTHERN ECONOMIC JOURNAL, CHAPEL HILL, NC 27514
SN 0038-4038
J9 SOUTHERN ECON J
JI South. Econ. J.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 61
IS 3
BP 874
EP 875
DI 10.2307/1061005
PG 2
WC Economics
SC Business & Economics
GA QB708
UT WOS:A1995QB70800024
ER
PT J
AU SANTOS, MA
FERREIRA, T
ESTEVES, MA
DREW, MG
BELAND, FA
MARQUES, MM
AF SANTOS, MA
FERREIRA, T
ESTEVES, MA
DREW, MG
BELAND, FA
MARQUES, MM
TI MOLECULAR RECOGNITION OF GUANOSINE AND 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE-MODIFIED
GUANOSINE - A COMPARATIVE-STUDY
SO SUPRAMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; ARTIFICIAL RECEPTORS; ATOMIC CHARGES;
HYDROGEN-BOND; BASE; DERIVATIVES; BINDING; GUANINE; NMR; NUCLEOSIDE
AB The ability of an abiotic receptor, 7-acetylamino-2-methyl-1,8-naphthyridine, to bind to guanosine was analysed by a combination of NMR determinations and molecular modeling studies. The results indicate that this receptor simulates the base-pairing properties of cytidine in its Watson-Crick interaction with guanosine, Binding of the same receptor to N-(guanosin-8-yl)-2-acetylaminofluorene, the guanosine adduct containing the carcinogen 2-acetylaminofluorene, was found to occur in a similar manner. The calculated binding energies show that the molecular recognition of the adduct is lower than that of the unmodified guanosine. The theoretical studies suggest that the predominance of an abnormal low energy syn conformation for the adduct is the main structural feature accounting for the observed decrease of the host-guest interaction.
C1 UNIV READING,DEPT CHEM,READING RG6 2AD,BERKS,ENGLAND.
NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
RP SANTOS, MA (reprint author), INST SUPER TECN,CTR QUIM ESTRUTURAL,COMPLEXO I,AV ROVISCO PAIS,P-1096 LISBON,PORTUGAL.
RI Santos, M. Amelia /H-9409-2012; Marques, M. Matilde/E-2535-2012
OI Santos, M. Amelia /0000-0002-4069-9368; Marques, M.
Matilde/0000-0002-7526-4962
NR 41
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD
PI READING
PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL
SN 1061-0278
J9 SUPRAMOL CHEM
JI Supramol. Chem.
PY 1995
VL 5
IS 4
BP 243
EP 253
DI 10.1080/10610279508233951
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA TC043
UT WOS:A1995TC04300001
ER
PT B
AU ORangers, JJ
AF ORangers, JJ
GP INT DAIRY FEDERAT
TI Regulatory perspectives on the use and misuse of antimicrobial drugs in
milk production
SO SYMPOSIUM ON RESIDUES OF ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS AND OTHER INHIBITORS IN
MILK
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Residues of Antimicrobial Drugs and Other Inhibitors in
Milk
CY AUG 28-31, 1995
CL KIEL, GERMANY
SP Int Dairy Federat, IOAC Int, Int Dairy Federat, German Natl Comm
C1 US FDA,CTR VET MED,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT DAIRY FEDERAT
PI BRUSSELS
PA 41 SQUARE VERGOTE, B-1040 BRUSSELS, BELGIUM
BN 92-9098-021-4
PY 1995
BP 123
EP 130
PG 8
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science
& Technology; Toxicology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology
GA BE64M
UT WOS:A1995BE64M00022
ER
PT B
AU Maturin, LJ
AF Maturin, LJ
GP INT DAIRY FEDERAT
TI National Drug Residue Milk Monitoring Program
SO SYMPOSIUM ON RESIDUES OF ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS AND OTHER INHIBITORS IN
MILK
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Residues of Antimicrobial Drugs and Other Inhibitors in
Milk
CY AUG 28-31, 1995
CL KIEL, GERMANY
SP Int Dairy Federat, IOAC Int, Int Dairy Federat, German Natl Comm
C1 US FDA,SUMMIT ARGO,IL 60501.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT DAIRY FEDERAT
PI BRUSSELS
PA 41 SQUARE VERGOTE, B-1040 BRUSSELS, BELGIUM
BN 92-9098-021-4
PY 1995
BP 319
EP 323
PG 5
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science
& Technology; Toxicology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology
GA BE64M
UT WOS:A1995BE64M00069
ER
PT S
AU OHANLON, TP
DALAKAS, MC
PLOTZ, PH
MILLER, FW
AF OHANLON, TP
DALAKAS, MC
PLOTZ, PH
MILLER, FW
BE Davis, MM
Buxbaum, J
TI THE ALPHA-BETA-T-CELL RECEPTOR REPERTOIRE IN IDIOPATHIC INFLAMMATORY
MYOPATHIES - DISTINCT PATTERNS OF GENE-EXPRESSION BY MUSCLE-INFILTRATING
LYMPHOCYTES IN DIFFERENT CLINICAL AND SEROLOGIC GROUPS
SO T-CELL RECEPTOR USE IN HUMAN AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES
SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on T-Cell Receptor Use in Human Autoimmune Diseases
CY APR 17-20, 1994
CL SAN DIEGO, CA
SP Arthritis Fdn, New York Acad Sci
C1 NIAMSD,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
RP OHANLON, TP (reprint author), NINCDS,US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,MOLEC IMMUNOL LAB,BLDG 298,ROOM 2G11,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
NR 6
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021
SN 0077-8923
BN 0-89766-915-0
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 1995
VL 756
BP 410
EP 413
DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb44548.x
PG 4
WC Immunology; Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Immunology; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA BD46M
UT WOS:A1995BD46M00072
PM 7645860
ER
PT J
AU GARVER, D
KACZMAREK, RG
SILVERMAN, BG
GROSS, TP
HAMILTON, PM
AF GARVER, D
KACZMAREK, RG
SILVERMAN, BG
GROSS, TP
HAMILTON, PM
TI THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF PROSTHETIC HEART-VALVES IN THE UNITED-STATES
SO TEXAS HEART INSTITUTE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE EPIDEMIOLOGY; HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS; PREVALENCE
AB The Centers for Devices and Radiological Health of the Food and Drug Administration, in collaboration with the National Center for Health Statistics, conducted the Medical Device Implant Supplement to the 1988 National Health Interview Survey, generating the 1st available population-based estimates of the use of prosthetic heart valves in the United States. The 1988 National Health Interview Survey was a massive, nationally representative cross-sectional survey that encompassed 47,485 households and 122,310 individuals.
Data from the Medical Device Implant Supplement indicate that an estimated 253,283 persons with 279,175 heart valves were present in the civilian, non-institutionalized US population (population prevalence of 1.1/1,000, 95% Cl 0.8-1.3). Prevalence of valve prostheses ranged from 0.2 per 1,000 in those age 44 and under to 5.3 per 1,000 in those 75 years of age and older. Age-adjusted prevalence of valve prostheses did not differ significantly according to sex, race, region of residence, education, or income of recipients. Two thirds of aortic valve recipients identified by the survey were male, compared with only one third of mitral valve recipients. Approximately two thirds of both aortic and mitral valve implants were reported as mechanical. Reported use of anticoagulative agents was significantly more common in recipients of mechanical than of bioprosthetic valves. The single most common reported reason for prosthetic valve implantation was rheumatic heart disease. These data provide useful epidemiologic and public health planning information on prosthetic heart valve use.
C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850.
NR 0
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 0
PU TEXAS HEART INST
PI HOUSTON
PA PO BOX 20345, HOUSTON, TX 77225-0345
SN 0730-2347
J9 TEX HEART I J
JI Tex. Heart Inst. J.
PY 1995
VL 22
IS 1
BP 86
EP 91
PG 6
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA QM041
UT WOS:A1995QM04100013
PM 7787476
ER
PT B
AU RHODES, SP
AF RHODES, SP
BE Galante, JO
Rosenberg, AG
Callaghan, JJ
TI THE REGULATION OF REVISION HIP PROSTHESES
SO TOTAL HIP REVISION SURGERY
SE BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB / ZIMMER ORTHOPAEDIC SYMPOSIUM SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 8th Annual Bristol-Myers Squibb/Zimmer Orthopaedic Research Symposium -
Current Concepts in Total Hip Revision Surgery
CY NOV 19-21, 1993
CL CHICAGO, IL
SP BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB ZIMMER
C1 US FDA,ORTHOPED DEVICES BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU RAVEN PRESS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106
BN 0-7817-0231-3
J9 BRIS MYER Z
PY 1995
BP 243
EP 249
PG 7
WC Orthopedics; Surgery
SC Orthopedics; Surgery
GA BC41R
UT WOS:A1995BC41R00025
ER
PT S
AU Golding, B
Inman, J
Golding, H
AF Golding, B
Inman, J
Golding, H
BE Gregoriadis, G
McCormack, B
Allison, AC
TI Design of vaccines for the induction of antibody responses in Th-cell
deficient individuals
SO VACCINES: NEW GENERATION IMMUNOLOGICAL ADJUVANTS
SE NATO ADVANCED SCIENCE INSTITUTES SERIES, SERIES A, LIFE SCIENCES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT NATO Advanced Study Institute on Vaccines - New Generation Immunological
Adjuvants
CY JUN 24-JUL 05, 1994
CL CAPE SOUNION, GREECE
SP NATO, Sci Affairs Div, SmithKline Beecham Pharm, Philadelphia
C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV HERMATOL,BETHESDA,MD.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0258-1213
BN 0-306-45283-9
J9 NATO ADV SCI INST SE
PY 1995
VL 282
BP 51
EP 64
PG 14
WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Virology
SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Virology
GA BE91C
UT WOS:A1995BE91C00006
ER
PT S
AU Golding, H
Zaitseva, MB
Lapham, C
Golding, B
AF Golding, H
Zaitseva, MB
Lapham, C
Golding, B
BE Gregoriadis, G
McCormack, B
Allison, AC
TI Strategies for the stimulation of TH cell subsets
SO VACCINES: NEW GENERATION IMMUNOLOGICAL ADJUVANTS
SE NATO ADVANCED SCIENCE INSTITUTES SERIES, SERIES A, LIFE SCIENCES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT NATO Advanced Study Institute on Vaccines - New Generation Immunological
Adjuvants
CY JUN 24-JUL 05, 1994
CL CAPE SOUNION, GREECE
SP NATO, Sci Affairs Div, SmithKline Beecham Pharm, Philadelphia
C1 US FDA,DIV VIRAL PROD,LAB RETROVIRUS RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0258-1213
BN 0-306-45283-9
J9 NATO ADV SCI INST SE
PY 1995
VL 282
BP 65
EP 83
PG 19
WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Virology
SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Virology
GA BE91C
UT WOS:A1995BE91C00007
ER
PT S
AU JOHNSON, VG
NICHOLLS, PJ
AF JOHNSON, VG
NICHOLLS, PJ
BE Chanock, RM
Brown, F
Ginsberg, HS
Norrby, E
TI Mutagenesis of diphtheria toxin a chain to inactivate
ADP-Ribosyltransferase activity
SO VACCINES 95 - MOLECULAR APPROACHES TO THE CONTROL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
SE VACCINES (COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY PRESS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Annual Meeting on Molecular Approaches to the Control of Infectious
Diseases
CY OCT, 1994
CL COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY
SP Alafi Capital Co, Amer Cyanamid Co, Amgen Inc, Becton Dickinson & Co, Biogen, Boehringer Mannheim Corp, Bristol Myers Squibb Co, Chugai Pharm Co Ltd, Ciba Geigy Corp, Diagnost Prod Corp, Du Pont Merck Pharm Co, Forest Labs Inc, Genentech Inc, Glaxco, Hoffman La Roche Inc, Johnson & Johnson, Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co Ltd, Life Technol Inc, Mitsubishi Kasei Inst Life Sci, Monsanto Co, New England BioLabs Inc, Oncogene Sci Inc, Pall Corp, Perkin Elmer Corp, Pfizer Inc, Res Genet, Sandoz Res Inst, Schering Plough Corp, SmithKline Beecham Pharm, Sterling Winthrop Inc, Sumitomo Pharm Co Ltd, Tekeda Chem Ind Ltd, Toyobo Co Ltd, Wyeth Ayerst Res, Zeneca Grp PLC
C1 US FDA,CBER,BACTERIAL TOXINS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY PRESS
PI PLAINVIEW
PA 10 SKYLINE DRIVE, PLAINVIEW, NY 11803-2500
SN 0899-4056
BN 0-87969-467-X
J9 VACCINES
PY 1995
BP 207
EP 211
PG 5
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA BD72G
UT WOS:A1995BD72G00032
ER
PT S
AU EPSTEIN, SL
LO, CY
MISPLON, JA
LAWSON, CM
MURPHY, BR
SUBBARAO, EK
AF EPSTEIN, SL
LO, CY
MISPLON, JA
LAWSON, CM
MURPHY, BR
SUBBARAO, EK
BE Chanock, RM
Brown, F
Ginsberg, HS
Norrby, E
TI Mediators of heterosubtypic immunity to influenza A virus infection in
mice
SO VACCINES 95 - MOLECULAR APPROACHES TO THE CONTROL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
SE VACCINES (COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY PRESS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Annual Meeting on Molecular Approaches to the Control of Infectious
Diseases
CY OCT, 1994
CL COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY
SP Alafi Capital Co, Amer Cyanamid Co, Amgen Inc, Becton Dickinson & Co, Biogen, Boehringer Mannheim Corp, Bristol Myers Squibb Co, Chugai Pharm Co Ltd, Ciba Geigy Corp, Diagnost Prod Corp, Du Pont Merck Pharm Co, Forest Labs Inc, Genentech Inc, Glaxco, Hoffman La Roche Inc, Johnson & Johnson, Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co Ltd, Life Technol Inc, Mitsubishi Kasei Inst Life Sci, Monsanto Co, New England BioLabs Inc, Oncogene Sci Inc, Pall Corp, Perkin Elmer Corp, Pfizer Inc, Res Genet, Sandoz Res Inst, Schering Plough Corp, SmithKline Beecham Pharm, Sterling Winthrop Inc, Sumitomo Pharm Co Ltd, Tekeda Chem Ind Ltd, Toyobo Co Ltd, Wyeth Ayerst Res, Zeneca Grp PLC
C1 US FDA,MOLEC IMMUNOL LAB,CBER,OTRR,DCGT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852.
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY PRESS
PI PLAINVIEW
PA 10 SKYLINE DRIVE, PLAINVIEW, NY 11803-2500
SN 0899-4056
BN 0-87969-467-X
J9 VACCINES
PY 1995
BP 393
EP 397
PG 5
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA BD72G
UT WOS:A1995BD72G00061
ER
PT J
AU vanAken, WG
AF vanAken, WG
TI Who expert committee on biological standardization
SO WHO EXPERT COMMITTEE ON BIOLOGICAL STANDARDIZATION, FORTY-FIFTH REPORT
SE WHO TECHNICAL REPORT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID HEPATITIS-B VACCINE; SURFACE-ANTIGEN; IMMUNOGENICITY; INACTIVATION;
POTENCY; PROTEIN; VIRUS
C1 RUSSIAN ACAD MED SCI,INST POLIOMYELITIS & VIRAL ENCEPHALITIS,MOSCOW 142782,RUSSIA.
CSL LTD,PARKVILLE,VIC,AUSTRALIA.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,OFF VACCINE RES & REVIEW,BETHESDA,MD.
INST HYG & EPIDEMIOL,B-1050 BRUSSELS,BELGIUM.
STATE SERUM INST,LAB BIOL STANDARDIZAT,COPENHAGEN,DENMARK.
MCMASTER UNIV,DEPT PATHOL,HAMILTON,ON,CANADA.
SINGAPORE GEN HOSP,DEPT PATHOL,SINGAPORE 0316,SINGAPORE.
NATL INST CONTROL PHARMACEUT & BIOL PROD,BEIJING,PEOPLES R CHINA.
COUNCIL EUROPE,EUROPEAN PHARMACOPOEIA COMMISS,BIOL STANDARDIZAT DEPT,STRASBOURG,FRANCE.
PASTEUR MERIEUX SERA & VACCINES,MARCY LETOILE,FRANCE.
SMITHKLINE BEECHAM PHARMACEUT,QUAL CONTROL & REGULATORY AFFAIRS,RIXENSART,BELGIUM.
CTR INVEST & PROD VACCINES & SERA,HAVANA,CUBA.
WHO,CH-1211 GENEVA,SWITZERLAND.
PAUL EHRLICH INST,W-6070 LANGEN,GERMANY.
NETHERLANDS RED CROSS,BLOOD TRANSFUS SERV,CENT LAB,AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS.
US PHARMACOPEIA,DRUG STAND DIV,ROCKVILLE,MD.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
RP vanAken, WG (reprint author), NATL INST BIOL STAND & CONTROLS,BLANCHE LANE S MIMMS,POTTERS BAR EN6 3QG,HERTS,ENGLAND.
NR 68
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
PI GENEVA
PA 1211 27 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND
SN 0512-3054
J9 WHO TECH REP SER
PY 1995
VL 858
BP 1
EP &
PG 103
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA BF51J
UT WOS:A1995BF51J00001
ER
PT J
AU FRANKEL, W
ZHANG, W
SINGH, A
BAIN, A
SATCHITHANANDAM, S
KLURFELD, D
ROMBEAU, J
AF FRANKEL, W
ZHANG, W
SINGH, A
BAIN, A
SATCHITHANANDAM, S
KLURFELD, D
ROMBEAU, J
TI FIBER - EFFECT ON BACTERIAL TRANSLOCATION AND INTESTINAL MUCIN CONTENT
SO WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 35th World Congress of the International-Society-of-Surgery
CY AUG, 1993
CL HONG KONG, HONG KONG
SP INT SOC SURG, INT ASSOC ENDOCRINE SURGEONS
ID MULTIPLE-ORGAN-FAILURE; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; LIQUID DIETS; GUT; RAT;
PROTEIN; ENDOTOXIN; BARRIER; TISSUES; ATROPHY
AB Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and elemental diet (ED) produce intestinal atrophy and increase bacterial translocation (BT) to mesenteric lymph nodes. The increased rate of BT may be due to alterations in mucosal structure, enzyme activity, or mucin content. Fiber improves intestinal structure and function in rats and may reduce the rate of BT. This study determined whether the addition of fiber to TPN or ED would maintain intestinal integrity and decrease BT to the mesenteric lymph nodes. Fifty-six adult male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent placement of jugular catheters and were assigned to one of five dietary groups: TPN, TPN + oral oat fiber (TPNF) 2 g/day, ED, ED + oral oat fiber (EDF) 2 g/day, or AIN-76 (control); they were pair-fed for 7 days. On day 8 the mesenteric lymph nodes were removed for bacterial cultures; and jejunal mucosal weight, DNA, protein, alkaline phosphatase, maltase, and jejunal mucin content were measured. Enteral nutrition significantly decreased BT when compared to parenteral feeding, and fiber significantly decreased BT when administered to rats receiving TPN or ED. Improvements in intestinal mucosal structure were not consistently associated with decreased rates of BT. Additionally, BT occurred independently of jejunal mucin concentration. Mechanisms other than maintenance of mucosal structure or mucin content are important in the mediation of fiber-induced decreased BT in rats receiving TPN or ED.
C1 HOSP UNIV PENN,DEPT SURG RES,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104.
US FDA,DIV NUTR,LAUREL,MD 20810.
WAYNE STATE UNIV,DEPT NUTR,DETROIT,MI 48207.
NR 37
TC 29
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPRINGER VERLAG
PI NEW YORK
PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010
SN 0364-2313
J9 WORLD J SURG
JI World J.Surg.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 19
IS 1
BP 144
EP 149
PG 6
WC Surgery
SC Surgery
GA QM162
UT WOS:A1995QM16200023
PM 7740802
ER
PT J
AU BILLEDEAU, SM
HEINZE, TM
WILKES, JG
THOMPSON, HC
AF BILLEDEAU, SM
HEINZE, TM
WILKES, JG
THOMPSON, HC
TI APPLICATION OF THE PARTICLE-BEAM INTERFACE TO HIGH-PERFORMANCE
LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY THERMAL-ENERGY ANALYSIS AND ELECTRON-IMPACT
MASS-SPECTROMETRY FOR DETECTION OF NONVOLATILE N-NITROSAMINES
SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
LA English
DT Article
ID NITROSO COMPOUNDS; PRODUCTS; ANALYZER
AB Interest in the analysis of non-volatile N-nitrosamines has recently been renewed due to the development of several new reversed-phase HPLC interfaces to thermal energy analysis (TEA) or chemiluminescence detection. A new application of a counter how gas diffusion cell (CFGDC)-based particle beam LC interface (Universal Interface, Vestee) is described for the HPLC-TEA analysis of the non-volatile N-nitrosamines, N-Nitrosodiethanolamine (NDELA) and N-nitrosomethyl-p-amino-2-ethylhexylbenzoate (NMPABAO). The interface incorporates a thermospray vaporizer, desolvation chamber, and CFGDC to reduce the LC effluent to a dry aerosol and a single-stage momentum separator to form a particle beam of the non-volatile analyte. Using this system, the LC-TEA response to NDELA was linear in the range 6-200 ng total amount injected. Several experiments are reported indicating the effect of thermospray tip temperature, He carrier flow-rate, and mobile phase composition on TEA response. Minimum detection limits (5 ng NDELA injected on column) are comparable to other LC-TEA interfacing methods. Several advantages over existing methodology which include ease of use, ruggedness and MS compatibility are discussed. Additional LC-particle beam MS data are reported indicating that full scan electron impact MS identification of the N-nitrosamine contaminants in cosmetics is possible for confirming TEA detection data.
RP BILLEDEAU, SM (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,FOOD & DRUG ADM,HFT230,3900 NCTR RD,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 11
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0021-9673
J9 J CHROMATOGR A
JI J. Chromatogr. A
PD DEC 30
PY 1994
VL 688
IS 1-2
BP 55
EP 65
DI 10.1016/0021-9673(94)00894-9
PG 11
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA QC795
UT WOS:A1994QC79500005
ER
PT J
AU SCHMUED, LC
AF SCHMUED, LC
TI DIAGONAL VENTRAL FOREBRAIN CONTINUUM HAS OVERLAPPING TELENCEPHALIC
INPUTS AND BRAIN-STEM OUTPUTS WHICH MAY REPRESENT LOCI FOR LIMBIC
AUTONOMIC INTEGRATION
SO BRAIN RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE CENTRAL NUCLEUS OF THE AMYGDALA; SUBSTANTIA INNOMINATA; BED NUCLEUS OF
THE STRIA TERMINALIS; PARABRACHIAL NUCLEUS; VAGAL NUCLEUS; DIAGONAL
VENTRAL FOREBRAIN CONTINUUM
ID DORSAL MOTOR NUCLEUS; AFFERENT CONNECTIONS; SUBSTANTIA INNOMINATA;
EFFERENT CONNECTIONS; STRIA TERMINALIS; BASAL FOREBRAIN; BED NUCLEUS;
AMYGDALOID COMPLEX; SOLITARY TRACT; PARABRACHIAL NUCLEUS
AB Growing evidence indicates that three areas within the mammalian basal forebrain share many common features. Based on the similarity of connections and their adjacent spacial proximity, three forebrain nuclei are referred to as a continuum. The components of this diagonal ventral forebrain continuum (DVFC) are the central nucleus of the amygdala, the sublenticular portion of the substantia innominata, and the lateral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. A primary concern and terminal goal of this study is to determine whether the region of this continuum which projects to the brainstem autonomic nuclei such as the vagal nuclei or the parabrachial nuclei also receives inputs from the basolateral amygdala. The first phase of this study involved determining what autonomic regions receive projections from the basal forebrain. The vagal complex and the parabrachial nuclei were found to receive the densest inputs from the DVFC. The topographic distribution of the respective retrogradely labeled cells and their collateral status is described. The second phase involved looking at afferent inputs from brainstem nuclei. The parabrachial nucleus sends reciprocal projections back to the continuum, which generally overlap the neurons which project back to the brainstem visceral nuclei. The third phase of the study indicated that the cells of the basolateral amygdala contribute a major terminal field which overlaps those cells of the basal forebrain continuum which in turn project to either the nucleus of the solitary tract or the parabrachial nucleus. The possibility that the circuits implied in this study represent the neural circuitry whereby emotional stimuli result in changes in visceral activity is addressed.
RP SCHMUED, LC (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 43
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0006-8993
J9 BRAIN RES
JI Brain Res.
PD DEC 26
PY 1994
VL 667
IS 2
BP 175
EP 191
DI 10.1016/0006-8993(94)91495-8
PG 17
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA QA727
UT WOS:A1994QA72700003
PM 7697355
ER
PT J
AU NIGHTINGALE, SL
AF NIGHTINGALE, SL
TI NEW RULES TO STRENGTHEN REPORTING OF SAFETY PROBLEMS
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA, OFF HLTH AFFAIRS, PARKLAWN BLDG, 5600 FISHERS LANE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD DEC 21
PY 1994
VL 272
IS 23
BP 1814
EP 1814
PG 1
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA PW980
UT WOS:A1994PW98000006
ER
PT J
AU NIGHTINGALE, SL
AF NIGHTINGALE, SL
TI NEW CARDIAC ABLATION DEVICE APPROVED
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA, OFF HLTH AFFAIRS, PARKLAWN BLDG, 5600 FISHERS LANE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD DEC 21
PY 1994
VL 272
IS 23
BP 1814
EP 1814
PG 1
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA PW980
UT WOS:A1994PW98000007
ER
PT J
AU NIGHTINGALE, SL
AF NIGHTINGALE, SL
TI PUBLIC FORUM ON INFORMED CONSENT IN CLINICAL RESEARCH CONDUCTED IN
EMERGENCY CIRCUMSTANCES
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA, OFF HLTH AFFAIRS, PARKLAWN BLDG, 5600 FISHERS LANE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD DEC 21
PY 1994
VL 272
IS 23
BP 1814
EP 1814
PG 1
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA PW980
UT WOS:A1994PW98000005
ER
PT J
AU SINGH, NK
ATREYA, CD
NAKHASI, HL
AF SINGH, NK
ATREYA, CD
NAKHASI, HL
TI IDENTIFICATION OF CALRETICULIN AS A RUBELLA-VIRUS RNA-BINDING PROTEIN
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE PHOSPHORYLATION; RNA INTERACTION; REPLICATION
ID POLIOVIRUS RNA; MESSENGER-RNA; SEQUENCE; TRANSLATION; AUTOANTIGEN;
EXPRESSION
AB Previously, we observed that sequences at the 3' end of rubella virus (RV) genomic RNA that form a stable stem-loop structure are necessary for initiation of RNA replication. A cytosolic protein found in Vero 76 cells (simian origin) specifically bound to the 3' (+)-stem-loop sequence, In the present study, we have purified the RNA binding protein and identified it as a simian homologue of human calreticulin. The purified calreticulin binds to the RV RNA with specificity similar to the protein present in cytosolic extracts. Human calreticulin antibodies recognize several forms of simian calreticulin, one of which is phosphorylated in vivo. A 2-fold increase in phosphorylation of this form of calreticulin is observed in RV-infected cells. Recombinant human calreticulin can bind RV 3' (+)-stem-loop RNA only after undergoing in vitro phosphorylation. This binding activity is abrogated by pretreatment of phosphorylated recombinant human calreticulin with alkaline phosphatase. The RV RNA was also immunoprecipitated from RV infefted UV crosslinked Vero 76 cells by using calreticulin antibodies. Our results show that phosphorylated calreticulin is an RNA binding protein and phosphorylation is necessary for this activity. Specific binding of calreticulin to the cis-acting element of RV RNA in vivo suggests a possible role for this interaction in viral replication.
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL PROD,MOLEC PHARMACOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NR 24
TC 107
Z9 107
U1 1
U2 1
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD DEC 20
PY 1994
VL 91
IS 26
BP 12770
EP 12774
DI 10.1073/pnas.91.26.12770
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA PY294
UT WOS:A1994PY29400086
PM 7809119
ER
PT J
AU CHERNEY, BW
BHATIA, K
TOSATO, G
AF CHERNEY, BW
BHATIA, K
TOSATO, G
TI A ROLE FOR DEREGULATED C-MYC EXPRESSION IN APOPTOSIS OF EPSTEIN-BARR
VIRUS-IMMORTALIZED B-CELLS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID GROWTH-FACTOR; BURKITT-LYMPHOMA; MACROMOLECULAR-SYNTHESIS; DEATH; LINES;
PROTOONCOGENES; INTERLEUKIN-6; MECHANISMS; CONVERSION; ARREST
AB When deprived of autocrine growth factors, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-immortalized B cells stop growing and die. In this study, we show that death of EBV-immortalized cells deprived of autocrine growth factors occurred by apoptosis. Cycloheximide, a protein synthesis inhibitor, inhibited apoptosis, suggesting that de novo protein synthesis is required. Because p53, Bcl-2, and c-Myc were previously implicated in the induction or prevention of apoptosis in other systems, we assessed their possible involvement here. Unlike normal cells that respond to growth factor deprivation by down-regulating c-Myc expression, EBV-immortalized tells continued to express c-Myc, p53, and Bcl-2 at levels comparable to those measured prior to starvation. Consistent with data demonstrating that c-Myc expression is sufficient to drive quiescent cells into the cell cycle, autocrine growth factor-deprived EBV-immortalized cells did not undergo growth arrest but rather continued to proliferate until death, which occurred randomly throughout the cell cycle. In contrast to EBV-immortalized B cells, normal peripheral blood B cells activated in vitro with anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody and interleukin 4 rapidly down-regulated c-Myc expression and underwent growth arrest in response to growth factors and serum deprivation. These findings demonstrated that c-Myc expression is deregulated in EBV-immortalized cells. Addition of antisense oligonucleotides to c-Myc specifically promoted the survival of starved EBV-immortalized cells and suppressed growth of nonstarved EBV-immortalized cells. Thus, deregulated expression of c-Myc in EBV-immortalized cells promotes proliferation and apoptosis following autocrine growth factor deprivation.
C1 NCI,PEDIAT ONCOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
RP CHERNEY, BW (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
NR 30
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 0
U2 1
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD DEC 20
PY 1994
VL 91
IS 26
BP 12967
EP 12971
DI 10.1073/pnas.91.26.12967
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA PY294
UT WOS:A1994PY29400126
PM 7809156
ER
PT J
AU MATSUZAWA, M
POTEMBER, RS
KRAUTHAMER, V
AF MATSUZAWA, M
POTEMBER, RS
KRAUTHAMER, V
TI USE OF CHEMICALLY PATTERNED SUBSTRATE TO STUDY DIRECTIONAL EFFECT OF
DAMAGING ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION ON CULTURED NEUROBLASTOMA-CELLS
SO BRAIN RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE CHEMICALLY PATTERNED SUBSTRATE; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYER; NEURITIC
PROCESS ORIENTATION; ELECTRICAL STIMULATION; NEUROBLASTOMA CELL; CELL
CULTURE
ID FIELDS; EXCITABILITY; OUTGROWTH; PURKINJE; NEURONS; CHARGE; GROWTH
AB We used ordered arrangements of neuroblastoma cells in culture on chemically patterned substrates to direct the orientation of electrical stimulation with respect to cell alignment. Chemically patterned parallel lines of self-assembled monolayer films were fabricated on glass substrates via a deep UV lithographic procedure. Cultured neuroblastoma cells deposited on these substrates formed long(similar to 300 mu m in length) neuritic processes along the patterned lines in the presence of retinoic acid. Cells attached to the surface of these substrates were placed in a stimulation chamber so that an electric field (1.4-1.9 V/cm) could be applied in the direction parallel or perpendicular to neuritic orientation. A majority of cells aligned parallel to the orientation of electrical stimulation exhibited a variety of cellular responses including neuritic tip damage, reductions in neuritic length and varicosity formation. These effects were observed to a lesser degree on the cells when electrical stimulation with the same magnitude was applied perpendicularly to the cell alignment. This work supports earlier findings that geometry is a crucial factor in determining cellular response to applied electric fields and goes on to show that cellular orientation is a key factor in determining cellular damage in culture.
C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV PHYS SCI,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,APPL PHYS LAB,LAUREL,MD 20723.
NR 22
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0006-8993
J9 BRAIN RES
JI Brain Res.
PD DEC 19
PY 1994
VL 667
IS 1
BP 47
EP 53
DI 10.1016/0006-8993(94)91712-4
PG 7
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA PZ264
UT WOS:A1994PZ26400007
PM 7895082
ER
PT J
AU FUKUDA, K
STRAUS, SE
HICKIE, I
SHARPE, MC
DOBBINS, JG
KOMAROFF, A
SCHLUEDERBERG, A
JONES, JF
LLOYD, AR
WESSELY, S
GANTZ, NM
HOLMES, GP
BUCHWALD, D
ABBEY, S
REST, J
LEVY, JA
JOLSON, H
PETERSON, DL
VERCOULEN, JHMM
TIRELLI, U
EVENGARD, B
NATELSON, BH
STEELE, L
REYES, M
REEVES, WC
AF FUKUDA, K
STRAUS, SE
HICKIE, I
SHARPE, MC
DOBBINS, JG
KOMAROFF, A
SCHLUEDERBERG, A
JONES, JF
LLOYD, AR
WESSELY, S
GANTZ, NM
HOLMES, GP
BUCHWALD, D
ABBEY, S
REST, J
LEVY, JA
JOLSON, H
PETERSON, DL
VERCOULEN, JHMM
TIRELLI, U
EVENGARD, B
NATELSON, BH
STEELE, L
REYES, M
REEVES, WC
TI THE CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME - A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO ITS
DEFINITION AND STUDY
SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID DIAGNOSTIC INTERVIEW; MENTAL-HEALTH; FOLLOW-UP; EPIDEMIOLOGY;
PREVALENCE; POPULATION; INSTRUMENT; DISORDERS; HISTORY; SCALE
AB The complexities of the chronic fatigue syndrome and the methodologic problems associated with its study indicate the need for a comprehensive, systematic, and integrated approach to the evaluation, classification, and study of persons with this condition and other fatiguing illnesses. We propose a conceptual framework and a set of guidelines that provide such an approach. Our guidelines include recommendations for the clinical evaluation of fatigued persons, a revised case definition of the chronic fatigue syndrome, and a strategy for subgrouping fatigued persons in formal investigations.
C1 NIH,CLIN INVEST LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
PRINCE HENRY HOSP,SYDNEY,NSW,AUSTRALIA.
UNIV NEW S WALES,SYDNEY,NSW,AUSTRALIA.
UNIV OXFORD,WARNEFORD HOSP,DEPT PSYCHIAT,OXFORD OX3 7JX,ENGLAND.
BRIGHAM & WOMENS HOSP,DIV GEN MED,BOSTON,MA 02115.
HARVARD UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02115.
UNIV COLORADO,DENVER,CO 80202.
UNIV LONDON KINGS COLL,SCH MED & DENT,LONDON WC2R 2LS,ENGLAND.
POLYCLIN MED CTR,HARRISBURG,PA.
PENN STATE COLL MED,HARRISBURG,PA.
TEXAS A&M UNIV,HLTH SCI CTR,TEMPLE,TX 76508.
SCOTT & WHITE MEM HOSP & CLIN,TEMPLE,TX 76508.
UNIV WASHINGTON,MED CTR,SEATTLE,WA 98195.
UNIV TORONTO,TORONTO,ON,CANADA.
UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143.
US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
LAKE TAHOE MED CTR,INCLINE VILLAGE,NV.
UNIV NIJMEGEN HOSP,6500 HB NIJMEGEN,NETHERLANDS.
CTR REG RIFERMINENTO ONCOL,AVIANO,ITALY.
HUDDINGE UNIV HOSP,KAROLINSKA INST,STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN.
UNIV MED & DENT NEW JERSEY,NEW JERSEY MED SCH,NEWARK,NJ 07103.
ALTA BATES COMMUNITY HOSP,BERKELEY,CA.
RP FUKUDA, K (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,DIV VIRAL & RICKETTSIAL DIS,MAILSTOP A15,ATLANTA,GA 30333, USA.
RI Wessely, Simon/A-8713-2008; Vercoulen, J.H.M.M./L-4706-2015
NR 46
TC 2548
Z9 2639
U1 18
U2 117
PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572
SN 0003-4819
J9 ANN INTERN MED
JI Ann. Intern. Med.
PD DEC 15
PY 1994
VL 121
IS 12
BP 953
EP 959
PG 7
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA PW083
UT WOS:A1994PW08300009
PM 7978722
ER
PT J
AU GOLDBERGER, M
MASUR, H
AF GOLDBERGER, M
MASUR, H
TI CLARITHROMYCIN THERAPY FOR MYCOBACTERIUM-AVIUM COMPLEX DISEASE IN
PATIENTS WITH AIDS - POTENTIAL AND PROBLEMS
SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; INFECTION; CIPROFLOXACIN;
ETHAMBUTOL; RIFAMPIN; AMIKACIN; REGIMEN
C1 NIH,DEPT CRIT CARE MED,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
US FDA,DIV ANTIVIRAL DRUGS,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852.
NR 20
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572
SN 0003-4819
J9 ANN INTERN MED
JI Ann. Intern. Med.
PD DEC 15
PY 1994
VL 121
IS 12
BP 974
EP 976
PG 3
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA PW083
UT WOS:A1994PW08300012
PM 7978725
ER
PT J
AU ZOON, KC
AF ZOON, KC
TI PLAGUE VACCINE REGULATIONS - ENSURING QUALITY
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Letter
RP ZOON, KC (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD DEC 9
PY 1994
VL 266
IS 5191
BP 1626
EP 1626
DI 10.1126/science.7992037
PG 1
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA PW308
UT WOS:A1994PW30800004
PM 7992037
ER
PT J
AU PATRIARCA, PA
AF PATRIARCA, PA
TI A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL OF INFLUENZA VACCINE IN THE ELDERLY -
SCIENTIFIC SCRUTINY AND ETHICAL RESPONSIBILITY
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID MORTALITY; IMMUNIZATION; POPULATION; REDUCTION
RP PATRIARCA, PA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,HFM-30,1401 ROCKVILLE PIKE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA.
NR 19
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD DEC 7
PY 1994
VL 272
IS 21
BP 1700
EP 1701
DI 10.1001/jama.272.21.1700
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA PU759
UT WOS:A1994PU75900033
PM 7966901
ER
PT J
AU RHEINSTEIN, PH
AF RHEINSTEIN, PH
TI AVOIDING PROBLEMS WITH LIQUID MEDICATIONS AND DOSING DEVICES
SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN
LA English
DT Article
RP RHEINSTEIN, PH (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS
PI KANSAS CITY
PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797
SN 0002-838X
J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN
JI Am. Fam. Physician
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 50
IS 8
BP 1771
EP 1772
PG 2
WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA PV984
UT WOS:A1994PV98400018
PM 7619108
ER
PT J
AU VANDERVEEN, JE
AF VANDERVEEN, JE
TI REGULATORY HISTORY FOR STEARIC-ACID
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
DE STEARIC ACID; SATURATED FATTY ACID; NUTRITION LABELING AND EDUCATION
ACT; NLEA
AB Before 1974 the only regulations involving stearic acid were for its use as a food additive. In 1974 the regulation for fat, fatty acid, and cholesterol contents was finalized; this regulation defined saturated fatty acid as the sum of lauric, myristic, palmitic, and stearic acids. Because the labeling of saturated fatty acid was voluntary except when a claim was made for fat content, the inclusion of stearic acid in that definition had little impact on foods high in fatty acids. Under the requirements of the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act (NLEA) of 1990, the definition of a saturated fatty acid gained major significance, with ties to mandatory nutrition labeling, nutrient content claims, and health claims. It was requested that stearic acid be dropped from the definition of a saturated fatty acid because it did not raise blood cholesterol concentrations. Scientific data demonstrating the lack of involvement of stearic acid consumption in negative health effects are needed.
RP VANDERVEEN, JE (reprint author), US FDA, OFF PLANT & DAIRY FOODS & BEVERAGES, 200 C ST SW, HFS-300, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA.
NR 14
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0002-9165
EI 1938-3207
J9 AM J CLIN NUTR
JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 60
IS 6
SU S
BP 983S
EP 985S
PG 3
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA PW203
UT WOS:A1994PW20300002
PM 7977156
ER
PT J
AU WYSOWSKI, DK
BAUM, C
AF WYSOWSKI, DK
BAUM, C
TI CLARIFICATION ON THE CODING OF HIP-FRACTURES - RESPONSE
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
LA English
DT Letter
RP WYSOWSKI, DK (reprint author), US FDA,DIV EPIDEMIOL & SURVEILLANCE,HFD 733,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSN INC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1015 FIFTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005
SN 0090-0036
J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH
JI Am. J. Public Health
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 84
IS 12
BP 2028
EP 2028
DI 10.2105/AJPH.84.12.2028-a
PG 1
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA PY309
UT WOS:A1994PY30900037
ER
PT J
AU BLACK, LE
FARRELLY, JG
CAVAGNARO, JA
AHN, CH
DEGEORGE, JJ
TAYLOR, AS
DEFELICE, AF
JORDAN, A
AF BLACK, LE
FARRELLY, JG
CAVAGNARO, JA
AHN, CH
DEGEORGE, JJ
TAYLOR, AS
DEFELICE, AF
JORDAN, A
TI REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS FOR OLIGONUCLEOTIDE DRUGS - UPDATED
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY STUDIES
SO ANTISENSE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
AB This article describes pharmacology and toxicity studies for oligonucleotide drugs that are recommended for inclusion in the initial Investigational New Drug Application (IND), a first request to use an investigational drug in clinical trials. Recent observations of non-sequence-dependent cardiovascular toxicity and deaths in monkeys following intravenous infusions of phosphorothioates have raised a potential safety concern for oligonucleotide drugs. This concern should be considered by drug sponsors in designing pre-IND nonclinical development programs and Phase 1 clinical protocols. Pre-IND conduct of pharmacodynamic cardiovascular screening is highly recommended for defining safe clinical dosing regimens for phosphorothioate (and, possibly, other charged-backbone) oligomers. Additionally, drug sponsors are encouraged to (1) conduct research into the mechanisms responsible for this dose-limiting toxicity, (2) institute liberal publication policies for research conducted under industrial sponsorship, and (3) communicate with reviewing divisions at FDA for updated guidance in this field when planning pre-IND safety studies. Recommendations for nonclinical studies during development of oligonucleotides will be modified as new information regarding the biological properties of oligonucleotides becomes available.
C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV ONCOL & PULM DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV METAB & ENDOCRINE DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV CARDIOVASC & RENAL DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
RP BLACK, LE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV ANTIVIRAL DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 4
TC 41
Z9 42
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL
PI LARCHMONT
PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538
SN 1050-5261
J9 ANTISENSE RES DEV
JI Antisense Res. Dev.
PD WIN
PY 1994
VL 4
IS 4
BP 299
EP 301
PG 3
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA QC327
UT WOS:A1994QC32700012
PM 7734946
ER
PT J
AU RAFII, F
SELBY, AL
NEWTON, RK
CERNIGLIA, CE
AF RAFII, F
SELBY, AL
NEWTON, RK
CERNIGLIA, CE
TI REDUCTION AND MUTAGENIC ACTIVATION OF NITROAROMATIC COMPOUNDS BY A
MYCOBACTERIUM SP
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM TA1535/PSK1002; POLYCYCLIC
AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; NITROREDUCTASE ACTIVITY;
METABOLIC-ACTIVATION; BACTEROIDES-FRAGILIS; RAT-LIVER; UMU-TEST;
1-NITROPYRENE
AB Mycobacterium sp. strain Pyr-1 cells, which were grown to the stationary phase in media with and without pyrene, were centrifuged and resuspended in a medium containing 1-nitropyrene. Cells that had been grown with pyrene oxidized up to 20%, of the added 1-nitropyrene to 1-nitropyrene-cis-9,10- and 4,5-dihydrodiols. However, cells that had been grown without pyrene reduced up to 70% of the 1-nitropyrene to 1-aminopyrene but did not produce dihydrodiols. The nitroreductase activity was oxygen insensitive, intracellular, and inducible by nitro compounds. Nitroreductase activity was inhibited by p-chlorobenzoic acid, o-iodosobenzoic acid, menadione, dicumarol, and antimycin A. Extracts from cells that had been grown without pyrene activated 1-nitropyrene, 1-amino-7-nitrofluorene, 2,7-dinitro-9-fluorenone, 1,3-dinitropyrene, 1,6-dinitropyrene, and 6-nitrochrysene to DNA-damaging products, as shown in Salmonella typhimurium tester strains by the reversion assay and by induction of the umuC gene. Activation of nitro compounds, as shown by the umu test, was enhanced by NADPH. This study shows that Mycobacterium sp. strain Pyr-1 metabolizes nitroaromatic compounds by both oxidative and reductive pathways. During reduction, it generates products that are mutagenic.
C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
RP RAFII, F (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV MICROBIOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 36
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 60
IS 12
BP 4263
EP 4267
PG 5
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA PU399
UT WOS:A1994PU39900007
PM 7811065
ER
PT J
AU BUCHRIESER, C
WEAGANT, SD
KASPAR, CW
AF BUCHRIESER, C
WEAGANT, SD
KASPAR, CW
TI MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF YERSINIA-ENTEROCOLITICA BY PULSED-FIELD
GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS AND HYBRIDIZATION OF DNA FRAGMENTS TO AIL AND PYV
PROBES
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SYNTHETIC OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBE; LENGTH-POLYMORPHISMS;
BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; O-3 INFECTIONS; STRAINS; VIRULENCE; PATHOGENICITY;
PLASMID; GENE; IDENTIFICATION
AB Sixty strains of Yersinia enterocolitica from five serogroups (O:3; O:9; O:8; O:5; and O:5,27) and eight non-Y. enterocolitica strains, recovered from diverse sources (humans, animals, food, and the environment) in Europe, Argentina, and the United States, were examined by the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) technique of contour clamped homogeneous electric field electrophoresis (CHEF) by using NotI and XbaI as restriction enzymes. NotI and XbaI generated 36 and 33 restriction endonuclease digestion profiles (REDP), respectively. By combining the results of both enzymes, 42 unique genomic groups were differentiated. DNA fragments were transferred to nylon membranes and hybridized with digoxigenin-labelled oligonucleotide probes to the ail gene and virulence plasmid to determine hybridization patterns and the potential virulence of the strains. The strains were tested for the presence of the plasmid by PFGE-CHEF and phenotypic characteristics encoded for by the virulence plasmid. Thirty of the 60 Y. enterocolitica strains tested harbored the virulence plasmid. The specificity of the ail and pYV probes was 100% when tested with 68 Yersinia strains and 19 different non-Yersinia strains. Sixteen selected Y. enterocolitica strains were tested for their virulence by lethality in iron- and desferrioxamine-sensitized mice. No correlation between REDP and the virulence of the strains was observed. The observed REDP and the hybridization patterns were very homogeneous within a serogroup and independent of the source of isolation. In addition, PFGE-CHEF was shown to be valuable in identifying and confirming serogroups. Principal component analysis of Dice similarity indices from REDP was an excellent tool for determining genetic relatedness among strains.
C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,FOOD RES INST,DEPT FOOD MICROBIOL & TOXICOL,MADISON,WI 53706.
US FDA,BOTHELL,WA 98041.
OI Buchrieser, Carmen/0000-0003-3477-9190
NR 45
TC 30
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 60
IS 12
BP 4371
EP 4379
PG 9
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA PU399
UT WOS:A1994PU39900024
PM 7811077
ER
PT J
AU FARRINGTON, JK
MARTZ, EL
WELLS, SJ
ENNIS, CC
HOLDER, J
LEVCHUK, JW
AVIS, KE
HOFFMAN, PS
HITCHINS, AD
MADDEN, JM
AF FARRINGTON, JK
MARTZ, EL
WELLS, SJ
ENNIS, CC
HOLDER, J
LEVCHUK, JW
AVIS, KE
HOFFMAN, PS
HITCHINS, AD
MADDEN, JM
TI ABILITY OF LABORATORY METHODS TO PREDICT IN-USE EFFICACY OF
ANTIMICROBIAL PRESERVATIVES IN AN EXPERIMENTAL COSMETIC
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
AB The abilities of nine antimicrobial systems to preserve an experimental water-based cosmetic formulation were evaluated by six microbiological challenge tests: the U. S. Pharmacopeia test; the British Pharmacopeia test; the Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association test; the rapid screen test; the sequential challenge test; and the post-use test. The antimicrobial systems contained various combinations and amounts of two parabens and a quaternary compound in order to provide a broad range of preservation. The results obtained were compared with the abilities of the formulations to support maintenance and growth of microorganisms in microfloras obtained from human axilla areas and finger skin during an 8-week simulated in-use test. Without statistical analysis all of the tests predicted the results obtained with well-preserved or poorly preserved formulations. The rapid screen test was the best test for predicting differences at intermediate levels of preservation. Statistically, all of the tests were equivalent predictors of preservation efficacy in the in-use test (P = 0.05). At the P = 0.10 level, only the U.S. Pharmaceopeia, British Pharmacopeia, rapid screen, Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association tests were significantly predictive. The results of prediction by a test, based on the preservative levels used, agreed well with the in-use test results (P = 0.01). A total of 20% of the formulations that contained excessive microbial levels contained human axilla microorganisms. The levels of preservation in failed products were similar to the levels of preservation in unused controls.
C1 US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL STUDIES HFS516,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
SCHERING PLOUGH HLTH CARE PROD,MEMPHIS,TN 38151.
UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHARMACEUT,MEMPHIS,TN 38163.
UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,MEMPHIS,TN 38155.
FU PHS HHS [223-84-2051]
NR 12
TC 19
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 60
IS 12
BP 4553
EP 4558
PG 6
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA PU399
UT WOS:A1994PU39900047
PM 7811091
ER
PT J
AU HERMAN, EH
ZHANG, J
FERRANS, VJ
AF HERMAN, EH
ZHANG, J
FERRANS, VJ
TI COMPARISON OF THE PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF DESFERRIOXAMINE AND ICRF-187
AGAINST DOXORUBICIN-INDUCED TOXICITY IN SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS
SO CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY AND PHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE DFO; ICRF-187; DOXORUBICIN-INDUCED TOXICITY; IRON CHELATION
ID ADRIAMYCIN-INDUCED CARDIOTOXICITY; RESPIRATORY-CHAIN ACTIVITY;
HYDROLYSIS PRODUCT; HYDROXYL RADICALS; CHELATING-AGENTS; BREAST-CANCER;
IRON COMPLEX; HEART; DEFEROXAMINE; SUPEROXIDE
AB Since the iron-mediated formation of free radicals is considered to be a critical factor in the pathogenesis of the toxicity of doxorubicin (DXR), comparisons were made of the protective effects of two iron chelators, ICRF 187 and desferrioxamine (DFO), against the chronic cardiac and renal toxicity induced by DXR in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Two preparations of DFO were studied: DFO mesylate (DFO-M) and a polymeric form (DFO-P) in which DFO is conjugated to hydroxyethyl starch. Groups of 5 SHR each were given 12 weekly i.v. injections of 1 mg/kg DXR either alone or 30 min after the i.p. injection of 25 mg/kg ICRF-187, 50 mg/kg DFO-M, 50 mg/kg DFO-P, or 100 mg/kg DFO-P. A semiquantitative assessment was made of the cardiomyopathy (Billingham scale) and nephropathy. Renal protection was minimal with DFO-M and moderate with ICRF-187 and both doses of DFO-P. There was no cardiac protection with DFO-M. Both doses of DFO-P provided similar but modest degrees of cardiac protection. DXR-induced mortality was not prevented by either preparation of DFO. ICRF-187 provided a higher degree of protection against the cardiotoxicity and the mortality induced by DXR. Since both DFO and ICRF-187 are highly efficient chelators of iron in vitro, the differences in their in vivo protective effects are thought to be related to their cellular uptake and intracellular distribution and to the relative availability of different intracellular iron pools to these agents.
C1 NIH,NHLBI,PATHOL BRANCH,ULTRASTRUCT SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
RP HERMAN, EH (reprint author), US FDA,DIV RES & TESTING,8301 MUIRKIRK RD,LAUREL,MD 20708, USA.
NR 47
TC 43
Z9 44
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER VERLAG
PI NEW YORK
PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010
SN 0344-5704
J9 CANCER CHEMOTH PHARM
JI Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 35
IS 2
BP 93
EP 100
DI 10.1007/BF00686629
PG 8
WC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA PU862
UT WOS:A1994PU86200001
PM 7987999
ER
PT J
AU LANG, NP
BUTLER, MA
MASSENGILL, J
LAWSON, M
STOTTS, RC
HAUERJENSEN, M
KADLUBAR, FF
AF LANG, NP
BUTLER, MA
MASSENGILL, J
LAWSON, M
STOTTS, RC
HAUERJENSEN, M
KADLUBAR, FF
TI RAPID METABOLIC PHENOTYPES FOR ACETYLTRANSFERASE AND CYTOCHROME P4501A2
AND PUTATIVE EXPOSURE TO FOOD-BORNE HETEROCYCLIC AMINES INCREASE THE
RISK FOR COLORECTAL-CANCER OR POLYPS
SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
LA English
DT Article
ID COLON CANCER; THEOPHYLLINE METABOLISM; CAFFEINE; EPIDEMIOLOGY;
CARCINOMA; CYP1A2; FIBER
AB The metabolic activation of food-borne heterocyclic amines to colon carcinogens in humans is hypothesized to occur via N-oxidation followed by O-acetylation to form the N-acetoxy arylamine that binds to DNA to give carcinogen-DNA adducts. These steps are catalyzed by hepatic cytochrome P4501A2 (CYP1A2) and acetyltransferase-2 (NAT-2), respectively, which are known to be polymorphic in humans. On the basis of this proposed metabolic activation pathway, patients at greatest risk to develop colorectal cancer or nonfamilial polyps should be those who possess both the rapid NAT-2 and rapid CYP1A2 phenotypes and are exposed to high dietary levels of carcinogenic heterocyclic amines. Using a method that involves caffeine administration and high pressure liquid chromatographic analysis of urinary metabolites, we have determined the CYP1A2 and NAT-2 phenotypes of 205 controls and 75 cancer/polyp cases. Exposure information was obtained using a dietary and health habits questionnaire.
Both the rapid CYP1A2 and rapid NAT2 phenotypes were each slightly more prevalent in cases versus controls (57% and 52% verses 41% and 45%, respectively). However, the combined rapid CYP1A2-rapid NAT-2 phenotype was found in 35% of cases and only 16% of the controls, giving an odds ratio of 2.79 (P = 0.002). Univariate analysis of the questionnaire indicated that age, rapid-rapid phenotype, and consumption of well done red meat were associated with increased risk of colorectal neoplasia. Furthermore, a logistic regression model that included age (as a continuous variable), consumption of well done red meat, and rapid-rapid phenotype as independent covariates gave odds ratios of 1.08, 2.08, and 2.91, respectively. The odds ratios for cooked meat preference and phenotype combinations ranged from 1.00 for rare/medium preference with slow/slow phenotype to 6.45 for well done preference with rapid-rapid NAT-2/CYP1A2 phenotype. This study indicates that metabolic phenotype combined with a measure of exposure to food-borne heterocyclic amine carcinogens are important risk factors in human colorectal cancer.
C1 JL MCCLELLAN VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205.
NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,COLL NURSING,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205.
RP LANG, NP (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,ARKANSAS CANC RES CTR,DEPT SURG,4301 W MARKHAM,SLOT 725,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205, USA.
NR 48
TC 362
Z9 372
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W.,
PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106
SN 1055-9965
J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR
JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 3
IS 8
BP 675
EP 682
PG 8
WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA PW570
UT WOS:A1994PW57000007
PM 7881341
ER
PT J
AU SINHA, R
ROTHMAN, N
BROWN, ED
MARK, SD
HOOVER, RN
CAPORASO, NE
LEVANDER, OA
KNIZE, MG
LANG, NP
KADLUBAR, FF
AF SINHA, R
ROTHMAN, N
BROWN, ED
MARK, SD
HOOVER, RN
CAPORASO, NE
LEVANDER, OA
KNIZE, MG
LANG, NP
KADLUBAR, FF
TI PAN-FRIED MEAT CONTAINING HIGH-LEVELS OF HETEROCYCLIC AROMATIC-AMINES
BUT LOW-LEVELS OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS INDUCES CYTOCHROME
P4501A2 ACTIVITY IN HUMANS
SO CANCER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID HUMAN HEPATIC MICROSOMES; CHARCOAL-BROILED BEEF; COOKED FOOD; METABOLIC
POLYMORPHISMS; CARCINOGENIC ARYLAMINES; COLORECTAL-CANCER; HUMAN-LIVER;
RAT-LIVER; ACTIVATION; INDUCTION
AB Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) are formed when meat juices are pyrolyzed. In humans HAAs are activated in vivo by cytochrome P4501A2 (CYP1A2) and N-acetyltransferase (NAT2) to mutagens or carcinogens. While activity of NAT2 is noninducible, exposure to cigarettes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and cruciferous vegetables has been shown to induce CYP1A2 activity in humans. To date, it is unknown if pan-fried meat, which is consumed at high levels in the United States, is capable of inducing CYP1A2. In order to address this issue, we measured CYP1A2 and NAT2 activities in 66 healthy nonsmokers (33 males and 33 females) in a controlled metabolic feeding study. The study was designed to minimize the influence of known inducers of CYP1A2. Subjects consumed meat pan-fried at a low temperature (100 degrees C) for 7 days followed by 7 days of meat pan-fried at a high temperature (250 degrees C) The low temperature-cooked meat had undetectable levels of HAAs while the high temperature-cooked meat contained high amounts of HAAs [9.0 ng/g of 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx), 2.1 ng/g of 2-amino-3,7,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (DiMeIQx), and 32.8 ng/g of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP)]. In contrast, total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content was similar in both meat samples (10.7 ng/g in low temperature-cooked meat and 10.1 ng/g in high temperature-cooked meat). At the end of each period, subjects were tested for CYP1A2 and NAT2 enzyme activity by caffeine metabolism phenotyping. NAT2 activity remained unchanged throughout the study while CYP1A2 activity increased in 47 of 65 (72%) of the subjects after consuming high temperature-cooked meat (P < 0.0002), suggesting induction by some compound(s) formed during high temperature cooking. If HAAs are shown to be human carcinogens in epidemiological studies, then meat cooked at high temperatures may pose an increased cancer risk because it contains both inducers of CYP1A2 and procarcinogens MeIQx, DiMeIQx, and PhIP known to be activated by this enzyme.
C1 USDA ARS, BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR, NUTR REQUIREMENTS & FUNCT LAB, BELTSVILLE, MD 20705 USA.
LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, DIV BIOMED SCI, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA.
UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP, ARKANSAS CANC RES CTR, LITTLE ROCK, AR 72205 USA.
NATL CTR TOXICOL RES, JEFFERSON, AR 72079 USA.
RP SINHA, R (reprint author), NCI, ENVIRONM EPIDEMIOL BRANCH, EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT PROGRAM, EXECUTIVE PLAZA N, ROOM 443, ROCKVILLE, MD 20892 USA.
RI Sinha, Rashmi/G-7446-2015
OI Sinha, Rashmi/0000-0002-2466-7462
FU NCI NIH HHS [Y01-CP2-0521, Y01-CP2-0523-01, Y01-CP3-0553]
NR 49
TC 160
Z9 161
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA
SN 0008-5472
J9 CANCER RES
JI Cancer Res.
PD DEC 1
PY 1994
VL 54
IS 23
BP 6154
EP 6159
PG 6
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA PU942
UT WOS:A1994PU94200030
PM 7954461
ER
PT J
AU OLIVERO, OA
BELAND, FA
FULLERTON, NF
POIRIER, MC
AF OLIVERO, OA
BELAND, FA
FULLERTON, NF
POIRIER, MC
TI VAGINAL EPITHELIAL DNA-DAMAGE AND EXPRESSION OF PRENEOPLASTIC MARKERS IN
MICE DURING CHRONIC DOSING WITH TUMORIGENIC LEVELS OF
3'-AZIDO-2',3'-DIDEOXYTHYMIDINE
SO CANCER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID VIRUS REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; AIDS-RELATED COMPLEX; CELLULAR DNA;
3'-AZIDO-3'-DEOXYTHYMIDINE; POLYMERASES; CELLS; 5'-TRIPHOSPHATE;
TRIPHOSPHATE; PHARMACOLOGY; PROGRESSION
AB 3'-Azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT, Retrovir, zidovudine), a nucleoside analogue currently used in the therapy of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, induces papillomas and carcinomas in vaginal epithelium of mice as a result of lifetime drug administration. In this study, female CD-1 mice were administered AZT at doses of 180, 360, and 720 mu g/ml of drinking water for 28 days to determine whether AZT became incorporated into vaginal DNA and whether this was associated with preneoplastic changes within the target tissue. In addition, bone marrow, a target for AZT-induced cytotoxicity in mice and humans, was examined for chromosomal aberrations. A positive correlation was observed between dose level of AZT, proliferation of cells in the basal layer of vaginal epithelium, and incorporation of AZT into vaginal DNA. Incorporation of AZT into vaginal DNA was originally detected by radioimmunoassay and confirmed by immunohistochemistry. An aberrant pattern for alpha 6 integrin distribution, similar to the pattern described in skin papillomas with high risk for malignant conversion, also increased with dose in mice given AZT. Chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow increased more than 4-fold in AZT-exposed animals. The genotoxicity demonstrated by incorporation of AZT into vaginal DNA and proliferation of vaginal epithelium may play an essential part in the ability of AZT to induce abnormal differentiation in vaginal epithelium and vaginal tumorigenesis in mice.
C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
RP OLIVERO, OA (reprint author), NCI,CELLULAR CARCINOGENESIS & TUMOR PROMOT LAB,BLDG 37,ROOM 3B 12,9000 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
NR 23
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W.,
PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106
SN 0008-5472
J9 CANCER RES
JI Cancer Res.
PD DEC 1
PY 1994
VL 54
IS 23
BP 6235
EP 6242
PG 8
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA PU942
UT WOS:A1994PU94200041
PM 7954472
ER
PT J
AU MALEJKAGIGANTI, D
RITTER, CL
FULLERTON, NF
BELAND, FA
AF MALEJKAGIGANTI, D
RITTER, CL
FULLERTON, NF
BELAND, FA
TI DETECTION OF N-(DEOXYGUANOSIN-8-YL)-2-FLUORENAMINE IN DNA OF PERITONEAL
SEROSA AND LIVER AFTER INTRAPERITONEAL EXPOSURE OF RATS TO
N-HYDROXY-N-2-FLUORENYLBENZAMIDE OR N-HYDROXY-N-2-FLUORENYLACETAMIDE
SO CARCINOGENESIS
LA English
DT Article
ID ADDUCT FORMATION; N-HYDROXY-2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE SULFOTRANSFERASE;
ARYLHYDROXAMIC ACIDS; POSITIVE FOCI; CARCINOGEN; SULFATION; BINDING;
DAMAGE; MICE; 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE
AB DNA adduct formation was examined in rat peritoneal serosa, a tumor target for i.p. administered aqueous suspensions of N-hydroxy-N-2-fluorenylbenzamide (N-OH-2-FBA) and N-hydroxy-N-2-fluorenylacetamide (N-OH-2-FAA), and compared to that in the liver, which is a tumor target for N-OH-2-FAA in the male rat. P-32-Postlabeling analyses showed the presence of a single adduct, N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-fluorenamine (dG-GS-FA), from activation of both hydroxamic acids by the serosa and liver in vitro and in vivo. The relatively low levels of dG-CS-FA (60-80 fmol/mu g DNA) from N-OH-2-FBA in vitro were increased 2.7- and 35-fold upon the addition of acetyl coenzyme A (AcGoA) to the serosal cytosol and hepatic cytosol or microsomes respectively. By contrast, addition of AcGoA led to a decrease (similar to 34 %) in the high level of dG-GS-FA (4330 fmol/ mu g DNA) from activation of N-OH-2-FAA by hepatic cytosol and did not alter the levels from activation by hepatic microsomes and serosal cytosols (530 and 78.3 fmol/mu g DNA respectively). These data and the previously reported hydroxamic acid activation enzyme activities in the serosa and liver indicated that the precursor of dG-C8-FA, N-acetoxy-N-2-fluorenamine, was formed from N-OH-2-FAA chiefly via an intramolecular N,O-acetyltransfer and from N-OH-2-FBA via a two-step sequence of N-debenzoylation and AcCoA-dependent O-acetylation. The levels of dG-C8-FA were similar to 2- to 3-fold higher in the serosal DNA (up to 515 and 1012 fmol/mu g DNA) after one (30 mu mol/rat) and ten or eleven (cumulative dose of similar to 275 mu mol/rat) injections of N-OH-2-FBA or N-OH-2-FAA than in the hepatic DNA. This correlated with the carcinogenicities of the hydroxamic acids, but was inversely proportional to the rates and extents of their activation in vitro. Multiple injections affected hepatic enzyme activities related to the activation of the hydroxamic acids in that the cytosolic N-debenzoylation of N-OH-2-FBA increased (similar to 1,7-fold) whereas N-OH-2-FAA acetyltransferase and sulfotransferase activities decreased. The effect of treatment with N-OH-2-FBA was greater than that with N-OH-2-FAA and was greater on the sulfotransferase activity (similar to 88% decrease). The latter suggested that N-OH-2-FBA, although a poor acceptor for an enzymatic sulfate transfer, may be carcinogenic for the rat liver. This study provides first evidence on the DNA adduct formation in vitro and in vivo from N-OH-2-FBA in the peritoneal serosa and liver and from N-OH-2-FAA in the serosa.
C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT LAB MED & PATHOL,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455.
NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
RP MALEJKAGIGANTI, D (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55417, USA.
FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-28000]
NR 45
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM
PI OXFORD
PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP
SN 0143-3334
J9 CARCINOGENESIS
JI Carcinogenesis
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 15
IS 12
BP 2883
EP 2890
DI 10.1093/carcin/15.12.2883
PG 8
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA PZ539
UT WOS:A1994PZ53900032
PM 8001251
ER
PT J
AU MILLER, MJ
PARMELEE, DC
BENJAMIN, T
SECHI, S
DOOLEY, KL
KADLUBAR, FF
AF MILLER, MJ
PARMELEE, DC
BENJAMIN, T
SECHI, S
DOOLEY, KL
KADLUBAR, FF
TI PLASMA-PROTEINS AS EARLY BIOMARKERS OF EXPOSURE TO CARCINOGENIC
AROMATIC-AMINES
SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE 4-AMINOBIPHENYL; ARYLAMINES; HAPTOGLOBIN; ALBUMIN; 2-DIMENSIONAL GEL
ELECTROPHORESIS
ID 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTROPHORESIS; HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCT; BLADDER-CANCER;
4-AMINOBIPHENYL; SMOKING; IDENTIFICATION; RESOLUTION; PATTERNS; RATS;
DOGS
AB Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DG) has been used to study the changes induced in dog plasma polypeptides by the known urinary bladder carcinogens, 4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP) and 2-naphthylamine (2-NA). Treatment with 3-aminobiphenyl (3-ABP) and 1-naphthylamine (1-NA), both considered to be non-carcinogenic, were used as controls. The purpose of this study was: (1) to determine whether or not changes that occurred in the plasma protein patterns were specific to 4-ABP and/or other related carcinogenic arylamines; (2) to measure the time course in the changes of the major polypeptides during dosing and their resynthesis during a recovery period; and (3) to determine, by microsequencing, the biochemical identity of the affected proteins. The results indicate that only the most potent carcinogen, CABP, had the effect of suppressing the expression of some proteins, while the other aromatic amines caused no discernible change in the 2DG patterns during a 12-week dosing period. The 4-ABP caused dramatic suppression of two sets of proteins. One set of three spots had an apparent molecular weight of 32.5 kDa, and a pi of 5.8-6.0. The major component in this group was identified as the beta-chain of haptoglobin. Expression of this protein decreased markedly during the first 2 weeks of treatment and recovered slowly after dosing stopped. Since haptoglobin functions to bind with free hemoglobin and facilitates its elimination from the blood stream, these results can be rationalized as a consequence of 4-ABP binding to hemoglobin in the erythrocyte, resulting in cell death and hemolysis. The 4-ABP modified hemoglobin then binds to haptoglobin and this tertiary complex is purged from the blood stream, resulting in the disappearance of free haptoglobin. A second set of spots (mel. wt., 65 kDa; pI, 6.5-6.6) disappeared much faster than the haptoglobin, and recovered more quickly. The major protein is about one-fifth the intensity of haptoglobin and appeared to be N-terminally blocked. Internal microsequencing of four fragments obtained from tryptic cleavage of the major spot of this group showed significant similarity to the serum albumin sequence of several species. This spot group is not the major serum albumin spot, however, since the latter is readily identified as the most abundant spot on the plasma map. During the course of this study, several other polypeptides in the 2DG map of dog plasma were identified and are presented here.
C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES, JEFFERSON, AR 72079 USA.
RP NCI, DIV CANC ETIOL, EXPTL CARCINOGENESIS LAB, BLDG 37, ROOM 3C-28, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA.
NR 21
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0009-2797
EI 1872-7786
J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT
JI Chem.-Biol. Interact.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 93
IS 3
BP 221
EP 234
DI 10.1016/0009-2797(94)90021-3
PG 14
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA PL519
UT WOS:A1994PL51900004
PM 7923441
ER
PT J
AU Chen, JJ
Ahn, H
Cheng, KF
AF Chen, James J.
Ahn, Hongshik
Cheng, K. F.
TI Comparison of some homogeneity tests in analysis of over-dispersed
binomial data
SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECOLOGICAL STATISTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE extended quasi-likelihood; pseudo-likelihood; quasi-likelihood;
teratology
AB This paper compares the procedures based on the extended quasi-likelihood, pseudo-likelihood and quasi-likelihood approaches for testing homogeneity of several proportions for over-dispersed binomial data. The type I error of the Wald tests using the model-based and robust variance estimates, the score test, and the extended quasi-likelihood ratio test (deviance reduction test) were examined by simulation. The extended quasi-likelihood method performs less well when mean responses are close to 1 or 0. The model-based Wald test based on the quasi-likelihood performs the best in maintaining the nominal level. The score test performs less well when the intracluster correlations are large or heterogeneous. In summary: (i) both the quasi-likelihood and pseudo-likelihood methods appear to be acceptable but care must be taken when overfitting a variance function with small sample sizes; (ii) the extended quasi-likelihood approach is the least favourable method because its nominal level is much too high; and (iii) the robust variance estimator performs poorly, particularly when the sample size is small.
C1 [Chen, James J.; Ahn, Hongshik] US FDA, Div Biometry & Risk Assessment, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA.
[Cheng, K. F.] Natl Cent Univ, Grad Inst Stat, Chungli 32054, Taiwan.
RP Chen, JJ (reprint author), US FDA, Div Biometry & Risk Assessment, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA.
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1352-8505
EI 1573-3009
J9 ENVIRON ECOL STAT
JI Environ. Ecol. Stat.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 1
IS 4
BP 315
EP 324
DI 10.1007/BF00469428
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications;
Statistics & Probability
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics
GA V31TN
UT WOS:000208906000004
ER
PT J
AU BRONAUGH, RL
COLLIER, SW
MACPHERSON, SE
KRAELING, MEK
AF BRONAUGH, RL
COLLIER, SW
MACPHERSON, SE
KRAELING, MEK
TI INFLUENCE OF METABOLISM IN SKIN ON DOSIMETRY AFTER TOPICAL EXPOSURE
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Pharmacokinetics - Defining the Dose for Risk Assessment
CY MAR 04-05, 1992
CL WASHINGTON, DC
SP NATL RES COUNCIL, BOARD ENVIRONM STUDIES & TOXICOL, COMM TOXICOL
DE SKIN ABSORPTION; METABOLISM; DOSIMETRY; PHARMACOKINETIC MODEL
ID INVITRO PERCUTANEOUS-ABSORPTION; S-EPOXIDE TRANSFERASE; LIVER; RAT
AB Metabolism of chemicals occurs in skin and therefore should be taken into account when one determines topical exposure dose. Skin metabolism is difficult to measure in vivo because biological specimens may also contain metabolites from other tissues. Metabolism in skin during percutaneous absorption can be studied with viable skin in flow-through diffusion cells. Several compounds metabolized by microsomal enzymes in skin (benzo[a]pyrene and 7-ethoxycoumann) penetrated human and hairless guinea pig skin predominantly unmetabolized. However, compounds containing a primary amino group (p-aminobenzoic acid, benzocaine, and azo color reduction products) were substrates for acetyltransferase activity in skin and were substantially metabolized during absorption. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model has been developed with an input equation, allowing modeling after topical exposure. Plasma concentrations in the hairless guinea pig were accurately predicted for the model compound, benzoic acid, from in vitro absorption, metabolism, and other pharmacokinetic parameters.
RP BRONAUGH, RL (reprint author), US FDA,COSMET TOXICOL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 14
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 3
PU NATL INST ENVIRON HEALTH SCI
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709
SN 0091-6765
J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP
JI Environ. Health Perspect.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 102
SU 11
BP 71
EP 74
PG 4
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA QH893
UT WOS:A1994QH89300010
PM 7737045
ER
PT J
AU WANG, RF
CAO, WW
CAMPBELL, WL
HAIRSTON, L
FRANKLIN, W
CERNIGLIA, CE
AF WANG, RF
CAO, WW
CAMPBELL, WL
HAIRSTON, L
FRANKLIN, W
CERNIGLIA, CE
TI THE USE OF PCR TO MONITOR THE POPULATION ABUNDANCE OF 6 HUMAN INTESTINAL
BACTERIAL SPECIES IN AN IN-VITRO SEMICONTINUOUS CULTURE SYSTEM
SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; HUMAN INTESTINAL MICROFLORA; AZO DYE
ID AZO DYES; MICROFLORA; METABOLISM; REDUCTION
AB Six PCR primer sets complementary to the 16S rDNAs (rRNA genes) were developed and shown to be specific for the following anaerobic bacteria: Clostridium clostridiiforme, C. perfringens, C. leptum, Bacteroides vulgatus, B. distasonis, and B. thetaiotaomicron, respectively. These primers were used for PCR to detect and monitor the bacteria in a semicontinuous culture system designed to mimic intestinal microflora in the human gastrointestinal tract. Except for C. perfringens, the five species of Bacteroides and Clostridia present in the in vitro culture system were detected by the PCR, and the titers varied from 10(-2) to 10(-6) dilutions. The role of azo dye reduction by these bacterial species in the system was examined and discussed.
C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV MICROBIOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
NR 12
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1097
J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT
JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett.
PD DEC 1
PY 1994
VL 124
IS 2
BP 229
EP 237
DI 10.1016/0378-1097(94)90254-2
PG 9
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA PU544
UT WOS:A1994PU54400016
PM 7529205
ER
PT J
AU IKEDA, GJ
SAPIENZA, PP
WARR, PI
AF IKEDA, GJ
SAPIENZA, PP
WARR, PI
TI DISPOSITION AND METABOLISM OF RADIOLABELED PENTACHLOROANISOLE IN RATS
AND RABBITS
SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PENTACHLOROPHENOL
AB Male Sprague-Dawley rats and New Zealand White rabbits were administered C-14-labelled pentachloroanisole (PCA) in corn oil by gavage as single doses of 25 mg/kg and were then placed in individual metabolism cages for as long as 4 days. Peak blood level of radioactivity occurred 6 hr after administration of the dose to rats and between 3 and 4 hr in rabbits; the blood elimination half-life ranged from 8 to 15 hr in rats and averaged 6 hr in rabbits. Rats excreted an average of 54.2% of the administered radiolabel in the urine and 32.4% in the faeces during the 96 hr following the dose; rabbits excreted an average of 84.2 and 13.1% of the radiolabel in the urine and faces, respectively, during this time, Examination of the metabolites in the rat showed that 60% of the urinary radioactivity was attributable to tetrachlorohydroquinone (TCH), 3% to free pentachlorophenol (PCP) and 29% to conjugated PCP; faecal metabolites were PCP (85.7%), TCH (4.3%) and polar metabolite(s) (10%). In the rabbit, 58% of the urinary radioactivity was attributable to TCH, 8% to free PCP and 34% to conjugated PCP. Faecal metabolites consisted of PCP and conjugated material.
RP IKEDA, GJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV TOXICOL RES,PHARMACOKINET & METAB BRANCH,HFS-506,LAUREL,MD 20708, USA.
NR 7
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0278-6915
J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL
JI Food Chem. Toxicol.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 32
IS 12
BP 1137
EP 1146
DI 10.1016/0278-6915(94)90129-5
PG 10
WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology
SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology
GA QE357
UT WOS:A1994QE35700005
PM 7813985
ER
PT J
AU MAHANEY, K
TEDESCHI, V
MAERTENS, G
DIBISCEGLIE, AM
VERGALLA, J
HOOFNAGLE, JH
SALLIE, R
AF MAHANEY, K
TEDESCHI, V
MAERTENS, G
DIBISCEGLIE, AM
VERGALLA, J
HOOFNAGLE, JH
SALLIE, R
TI GENOTYPIC ANALYSIS OF HEPATITIS-C VIRUS IN AMERICAN PATIENTS
SO HEPATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; 5' NONCODING REGION; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS;
NON-A; RNA; THERAPY
AB We examined hepatitis C virus genotypes in 98 American patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection by means of two methods; restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and line probe assay, which is based on type-specific sequence variations in the 5' untranslated region. Type 1 was present in 73 patients (74%), type 2 in 15 (15%), type 3 in 6 (6%) and type 4 in 1 (1%). Line probe assay further subdivided type 1 into 1a (n = 35) and type 1b (n = 37) and type 2 into type 2a (n = 6) and 2b (n = 9). Two patients (2%) had both restriction fragment length polymorphism and line probe assay evidence of dual infection (with types 1 and type 2) while another ease had both type 1a and 1b by line probe assay. One patient was untypable by either technique. There was no correlation between infecting genotype and presumed cause, serum indexes of necroinflammatory activity, or age or sex of the patients studied or known duration of infection. Patients with type 2 hepatitis C virus had more severe liver disease histologically (p = 0.0027) compared with other genotypes but, paradoxically, had significantly lower levels of circulating hepatitis C virus RNA (12.1 +/- 12.8 x 10(5) genome equivalents/ml) than other types (36.4 +/- 44.8 x 10(5) genome equivalents/ml, p < 0.001). Response to interferon was less likely to be sustained in patients infected with type 1 than in those infected with other types (7% vs. 40%, p < 0.05). Thus hepatitis C virus genotype may have some influence on the clinical pattern of hepatitis, particularly with regard to the disease severity and response to interferon. The restriction fragment length polymorphism and line probe assays produced concordant results in 97 of 98 cases; however, whereas restriction fragment length polymorphism provides a relatively easy and reliable method for genotyping hepatitis C virus, the line probe assay assay is more rapid, uses standardized reagents, does not require radioisotopes and has the advantage of distinguishing the subtypes of genotype 1 and 2.
C1 NIDDKD,LIVER DIS SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
INNOGENET NV,B-9052 ZWIJNAARDE,BELGIUM.
NR 22
TC 180
Z9 181
U1 0
U2 1
PU W B SAUNDERS CO
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA
19106-3399
SN 0270-9139
J9 HEPATOLOGY
JI Hepatology
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 20
IS 6
BP 1405
EP 1411
DI 10.1002/hep.1840200605
PG 7
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA PV634
UT WOS:A1994PV63400004
PM 7982639
ER
PT J
AU KRAUTHAMER, V
DAVIS, CC
GAN, ET
AF KRAUTHAMER, V
DAVIS, CC
GAN, ET
TI 2-POINT ELECTRICAL-FLUORESCENCE RECORDING FROM HEART WITH OPTICAL FIBERS
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Note
ID ACTION-POTENTIALS; DYES; EXCITATION; NEURONS; PROBES
AB Optical recordings from frog myocardium, stained with a voltage-sensitive dye, have been made through a fiber optic system that uses fiber couplers to provide two excitation/detection paths and to separate excitation light from the fluorescence signal; The excitation light, from a green He-Ne laser (543 nm), is focused into a 100 mu m-core fiber then is split 1:1 to two other fibers. Each of these two fibers transmits part of the excitation light through a fiber coupler (1:15 transmittance ratio) to the heart preparation which is stained with the voltage-sensitive dye RH237. The returning red fluorescence is split at the same fiber coupler (15:1 transmittance ratio) and is directed to a photomultiplier tube through a longpass filter. With this two-point mapping method, differences in action potential shape and timing have been observed.
C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ELECT ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742.
RP KRAUTHAMER, V (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV PHYS SCI,HFZ,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 16
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 0018-9294
J9 IEEE T BIO-MED ENG
JI IEEE Trans. biomed. Eng.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 41
IS 12
BP 1191
EP 1194
DI 10.1109/10.335869
PG 4
WC Engineering, Biomedical
SC Engineering
GA PX229
UT WOS:A1994PX22900010
PM 7851921
ER
PT J
AU SZU, SC
BYSTRICKY, S
HINOJOSAAHUMADA, M
EGAN, W
ROBBINS, JB
AF SZU, SC
BYSTRICKY, S
HINOJOSAAHUMADA, M
EGAN, W
ROBBINS, JB
TI SYNTHESIS AND SOME IMMUNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF AN O-ACETYL PECTIN
[POLY(1-]4)-ALPHA-D-GALPA]-PROTEIN CONJUGATE AS A VACCINE FOR
TYPHOID-FEVER
SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
LA English
DT Article
ID VI-CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; IMMUNOGENICITY;
QUANTITATION; PREVENTION; ANTIGEN; MICE; ACID
AB Pectin, a plant polysaccharide, is mostly a linear homopolymer of poly(1-->4)-alpha-D-GalpA with <5% neutral sugars: its molecular size has a broad distribution around 400 kDa, and the degree of esterification is <5%. The structure of the capsular polysaccharide of Salmonella typhi (Vi) differs from pectin in that it is N acetylated at C-2 and O acetylated at C-3, and has a molecular size of similar to 2 x 10(3) kDa. There is no serological cross-reaction between pectin and Vi. Pectin, when O acetylated at C-2 and C-3, is antigenically identical to Vi in double immunodiffusion. Unlike Vi, O-acetylated pectin (OAcPec) is not immunogenic in mice, probably because of its comparatively low molecular weight. After storage at 3 to 8 degrees C for 3 months, there was no change in the O-acetyl content or the M(r) of OAcPec. At 60 degrees C, the M(r) of OAcPec declined more rapidly than that of Vi. OAcPec conjugated to tetanus toroid elicited Vi antibodies in mice, and reinjection elicited a booster response. The levels of Vi antibodies elicited by OAcPec-tetanus toroid conjugates were lower than those elicited by Vi conjugates, but these differences were not statistically significant. OAcPec has some advantages because it can be measured by standardized colorimetric assays and because it forms more soluble conjugates with proteins than does Vi. One disadvantage is that its glycosidic bond is not as stable as that of Vi. The use of a plant polysaccharide, pectin, as an immunogen for prevention of a systemic infection caused by a capsulated pathogen (S. typhi) provides a novel approach to improve the preparation and immunogenicity of polysaccharide-based vaccines.
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
SLOVAK ACAD SCI,INST CHEM,BRATISLAVA,SLOVAKIA.
RP SZU, SC (reprint author), NICHHD,DEV & MOLEC IMMUN LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
NR 29
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0019-9567
J9 INFECT IMMUN
JI Infect. Immun.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 62
IS 12
BP 5545
EP 5549
PG 5
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA PT329
UT WOS:A1994PT32900046
PM 7960137
ER
PT J
AU RON, E
BOICE, JD
HAMBURGER, S
STOVALL, M
AF RON, E
BOICE, JD
HAMBURGER, S
STOVALL, M
TI MORTALITY FOLLOWING RADIATION TREATMENT FOR INFERTILITY OF HORMONAL
ORIGIN OR AMENORRHEA
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID REPRODUCTIVE FACTORS; OVARIAN-CANCER; BREAST-CANCER;
MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; WOMEN; DISEASE;
HISTORY; CERVIX
AB Background. Between 1920 and 1965, radiation treatment to the ovaries and/or pituitary gland was used for refractory hormonal infertility and amenorrhoea. The potential carcinogenic effects of hormonal infertility, as well as exposure to relatively low doses of ovarian and pituitary radiation can be studied among patients receiving these treatments.
Methods. A cohort of 816 patients treated between 1925 and 1961 was identified from the medical records of a New York City radiologist. The mortality experience for 84% of these women was determined and radiation doses for individual patients were estimated. Doses were, on average, 87, 64, 54, and 29 cGy to the ovary, brain, colon, and active bone marrow, respectively.
Results. Compared with mortality rates in the US population, the risk of death was less than expected (standardized mortality ratio [SMR] = 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI] : 0.75-1.00). Deaths due to circulatory and digestive diseases were significantly below expectation. Cancer mortality was about 10% higher than that expected based on New York City mortality rates. Based on a small number of cases, no increase was found for cancers of the ovary or brain, or leukaemia, sites for which direct radiation exposure occurred, but significant excesses of colon cancer and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were observed. A deficit in mortality from female genital cancers was surprising, since nulliparity has been a consistently reported risk factor for cancers of the endometrium and ovary. Breast cancer mortality was close to expectation.
Conclusions. Overall, this study provided little evidence that either infertility or its treatment with radiation increased the risk of total or cancer mortality.
C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852.
UNIV TEXAS,MD ANDERSON CANC CTR,DEPT RADIAT PHYS,HOUSTON,TX 77030.
RP RON, E (reprint author), NCI,RADIAT EPIDEMIOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD, USA.
NR 44
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM
PI OXFORD
PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP
SN 0300-5771
J9 INT J EPIDEMIOL
JI Int. J. Epidemiol.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 23
IS 6
BP 1165
EP 1173
DI 10.1093/ije/23.6.1165
PG 9
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA QD338
UT WOS:A1994QD33800009
PM 7721518
ER
PT J
AU OZAWA, S
CHOU, HC
KADLUBAR, FF
YAMAZOE, Y
KATO, R
NAGATA, K
AF OZAWA, S
CHOU, HC
KADLUBAR, FF
YAMAZOE, Y
KATO, R
NAGATA, K
TI ACTIVATION OF 2-HYDROXYAMINO-1-METHYL-6-PHENYLIMIDAZO[4,5-B]PYRIDINE BY
CDNA-EXPRESSED HUMAN AND RAT ARYLSULFOTRANSFERASES
SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE PYROLYSATE CARCINOGEN; DNA BINDING; HUMAN LIVER; SULFATION; CDNA
EXPRESSION
ID 2-AMINO-1-METHYL-6-PHENYLIMIDAZO<4,5-B>PYRIDINE PHIP; PHENOL
SULFOTRANSFERASE; METABOLIC-ACTIVATION; PARTIAL-PURIFICATION; SULFATING
FORM; HUMAN-LIVER; DNA; ARYLAMINES; BINDING; MUTAGEN
AB Sulfation plays an obligatory role in the activation of N-hydroxy derivatives of carcinogenic arylamine(amide)s and heterocyclic amines. We found that the hepatic sulfotransferase-mediated covalent binding of H-3-labeled 2-hydroxyamino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (N-OH-PhIP) to calf thymus DNA was 3.3 and 12.9 times higher with human cytosol preparation than with male and female rat cytosol preparations, respectively, in the presence of 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate. To assess the activating capacities of individual phenol-sulfating sulfotransferases, five different forms, human ST1A2 and ST1A3 and rat ST1A1, ST1B1 and ST1C1, were expressed in heterologous cells. All five sulfotransferases mediated the activation of N-OH-PhIP to DNA-bound products. The extents of the binding, however, differed considerably among these forms. Human ST1A2 and ST1A3 mediated the activation of N-OH-PhIP at 5.2- and 6.2-fold higher rates than did rat ST1C1, a main N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene-activating sulfotransferase, in rat liver. Extents of the binding of N-OH-PhIP in human hepatic cytosols of different individuals were positively correlated with the contents of immunoreactive ST1A2/3. These results suggest a potential role of human liver sulfotransferases in N-OH-PhIP activation. In contrast, the low sulfotransferase-mediated activation of N-OH-PhIP in rat liver is consistent with the lack of PhIP hepatocarcinogenicity in this species.
C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
RP OZAWA, S (reprint author), KEIO UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,SHINJUKU KU,35 SHINANOMACHI,TOKYO 160,JAPAN.
NR 30
TC 69
Z9 70
U1 0
U2 0
PU JAPANESE CANCER ASSOCIATION
PI TOKYO
PA EDITORIAL OFFICE 7TH FLOOR, JOHKOH BLDG 2-23-11, KOISHIKAWA, TOKYO 112,
JAPAN
SN 0910-5050
J9 JPN J CANCER RES
JI Jpn. J. Cancer Res.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 85
IS 12
BP 1220
EP 1228
PG 9
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA PZ701
UT WOS:A1994PZ70100008
PM 7852185
ER
PT J
AU STIBITZ, S
CARBONETTI, NH
AF STIBITZ, S
CARBONETTI, NH
TI HFR MAPPING OF MUTATIONS IN BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS THAT DEFINE A
GENETIC-LOCUS INVOLVED IN VIRULENCE GENE-REGULATION
SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; EXPRESSION; VIR; RESISTANCE; CHROMOSOME; PROTEINS;
FUSIONS; OPERON; TOXIN; TRANS
AB We report the development of techniques for the genetic mapping of point mutations in the bacterial pathogen Bordetella pertussis. A plasmid vector which is self-transmissible by conjugation and which, by insertion into the B. pertussis chromosome, can mobilize chromosomal sequences during conjugation with a recipient B. pertussis bacterium has been constructed. This vector is used in conjunction with a set of strains containing kanamycin resistance gene insertions at defined physical locations in the B. pertussis genome. In crosses between these donor strains and a mutant recipient strain, transfer of a chromosomal segment flanking the kanamycin resistance gene insertion is selected for, and the percentage of exconjugants which reacquire the wild-type trait is scored, In this way the linkage of the mutant allele to these markers, and thus the approximate chromosomal position of the mutant allele, is determined. We have used this genetic system to map a newly described locus in B. pertussis involved in the regulation of the virulence genes ptx (pertussis toxin) and cya (adenylate cyclase toxin).
C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21201.
RP STIBITZ, S (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOLOG EVALUAT & RES,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI32946]
NR 31
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0021-9193
J9 J BACTERIOL
JI J. Bacteriol.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 176
IS 23
BP 7260
EP 7266
PG 7
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA PT620
UT WOS:A1994PT62000016
PM 7961497
ER
PT J
AU WANG, SY
HITCHINS, AD
AF WANG, SY
HITCHINS, AD
TI ENRICHMENT OF SEVERELY AND MODERATELY HEAT-INJURED
LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES CELLS
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SAFETY
LA English
DT Article
ID INOCULATED FOODS; RECOVERY; RESUSCITATION; CULTURES; MEDIA; BROTH
AB Recovery of injured cells of a 90% heat kill of Listeria monocytogenes strain Lm82 in Trypticase soy yeast extract broth (TSBYE) at 30C was determined in enrichment broth and modified enrichment broth. Although the surviving population was heterogeneous with respect to degree of damage, two fractions of surviving cells defined as moderately and severely damaged were considered. Progeny of moderately damaged survivors (NaCl-sensitive but not enrichment medium-sensitive) increased about 100-fold in 5 h; severely damaged cells (enrichment medium- and NaCl-sensitive) did not grow in this time period. Most of the severely damaged cells required 20 h or longer to recover in TSBYE and even longer in TSBYE plus selective agents. Recovery was accelerated either by adding sodium pyruvate or by reducing the oxygen level. The results were used to design a Mark I preenrichment/enrichment protocol based on the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's selective enrichment broth.
C1 US FDA, BUR FOODS,DIV MICROBIOL STUDIES,HFS516,200 C ST SW, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA.
NR 19
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0149-6085
EI 1745-4565
J9 J FOOD SAFETY
JI J. Food Saf.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 14
IS 4
BP 259
EP 271
DI 10.1111/j.1745-4565.1994.tb00598.x
PG 13
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
GA PV854
UT WOS:A1994PV85400001
ER
PT J
AU MICHELSON, D
PAGE, SW
CASEY, R
TRUCKSESS, MW
LOVE, LA
MILSTIEN, S
WILSON, C
MASSAQUOI, SG
CROFFORD, LJ
HALLETT, M
GOLD, PW
STERNBERG, EM
AF MICHELSON, D
PAGE, SW
CASEY, R
TRUCKSESS, MW
LOVE, LA
MILSTIEN, S
WILSON, C
MASSAQUOI, SG
CROFFORD, LJ
HALLETT, M
GOLD, PW
STERNBERG, EM
TI AN EOSINOPHILIA-MYALGIA-SYNDROME RELATED DISORDER ASSOCIATED WITH
EXPOSURE TO L-5-HYDROXYTRYPTOPHAN
SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE EOSINOPHILIA MYALGIA SYNDROME; L-5-HYDROXYTRYPTOPHAN; EOSINOPHILIA;
L-TRYPTOPHAN
ID L-TRYPTOPHAN; SCLERODERMA-LIKE; FASCIITIS; CARBIDOPA
AB Objective. To determine whether L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP) associated with eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (EMS) like illness contains impurities in a fashion similar to that described in L-tryptophan associated with EMS.
Methods. Members of a family who became ill after exposure to L-5-HTP were evaluated at the National Institutes of Health. Data from patients with extended exposure to L-5-HTP were also examined. Samples of L-5-HTP were examined using high performance liquid chromatography.
Results. One member of the family had EMS, and 2 others had eosinophilia. No patient in the other group reviewed developed the syndrome, although 2 patients developed eosinophilia. The L-5-HTP used by the family contained an impurity not present in samples from the other patient group. After replacement with L-5-HTP not containing this impurity, eosinophilia in 2 family members resolved.
Conclusion. Some L-5-HTP contains impurities that may be related to L-5-HTP associated EMS.
C1 NIMH,CLIN NEUROENDOCRINOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NIMH,NEUROCHEM LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NIAMS,ARTHRIT & RHEUMATISM BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD.
NINCDS,MED NEUROL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NIMH,WASHINGTON,DC.
KINSMEN CHILDRENS CTR,SASKATOON,SK,CANADA.
RI Crofford, Leslie/J-8010-2013
NR 12
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 0
PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO
PI TORONTO
PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO ON M4W 3C7, CANADA
SN 0315-162X
J9 J RHEUMATOL
JI J. Rheumatol.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 21
IS 12
BP 2261
EP 2265
PG 5
WC Rheumatology
SC Rheumatology
GA PX446
UT WOS:A1994PX44600017
PM 7699627
ER
PT J
AU MOSSOBA, MM
YURAWECZ, MP
ROACH, JAG
LIN, HS
MCDONALD, RE
FLICKINGER, BD
PERKINS, EG
AF MOSSOBA, MM
YURAWECZ, MP
ROACH, JAG
LIN, HS
MCDONALD, RE
FLICKINGER, BD
PERKINS, EG
TI RAPID-DETERMINATION OF DOUBLE-BOND CONFIGURATION AND POSITION ALONG THE
HYDROCARBON CHAIN IN CYCLIC FATTY-ACID MONOMERS
SO LIPIDS
LA English
DT Note
ID CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HEAT-TREATMENT; METHYL LINOLENATE;
VEGETABLE-OILS; LINSEED OILS; FRYING OILS; SEED OILS; GC-FTIR; MS;
QUANTITATION
AB This study reports the structural elucidation of diunsaturated 5- or 6-membered ring cyclic fatty acid monomers (CFAM) isolated from heated flaxseed oil by complementary gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectrometry (MS) and GC-matrix isolation-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (MI-FTIR). Infrared measurements of CFAM were carried out on methyl ester derivatives as well-resolved chromatograms were obtained on a polar 100% cyanopropyl polysiloxane capillary GC column. By contrast, electron ionization MS of methyl ester derivatives was of limited value because of double bond migration during the ionization process in the mass spectrometer. This communication reports definitive MS fragmentation patterns that can confirm ring position and double bond position along the fatty acid chain in 1,2-disubstituted CFAM determined as 2-alkenyl-4,4-dimethyloxazoline derivatives. Double bond configuration (cis, trans, or conjugated cis,cis) in CFAM was confirmed by GC-MI-FTIR. The presence of CFAM, degradation products found in used frying oils, is a potential source of dietary toxicity.
C1 US FDA,NATL CTR FOOD SAFETY & TECHNOL,SUMMIT ARGO,IL 60501.
UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801.
RP MOSSOBA, MM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,HFS-717,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 34
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 2
U2 10
PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC
PI CHAMPAIGN
PA 1608 BROADMOOR DRIVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-0489
SN 0024-4201
J9 LIPIDS
JI Lipids
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 29
IS 12
BP 893
EP 896
DI 10.1007/BF02536259
PG 4
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics
GA PZ179
UT WOS:A1994PZ17900014
PM 7854017
ER
PT J
AU LOVE, LA
AF LOVE, LA
TI NEW ENVIRONMENTAL AGENTS ASSOCIATED WITH LUPUS-LIKE DISORDERS
SO LUPUS
LA English
DT Article
DE ENVIRONMENTAL AGENTS; SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS; CONNECTIVE TISSUE
DISORDERS; AUTOIMMUNITY
ID EOSINOPHILIA-MYALGIA-SYNDROME; ERYTHEMATOSUS SLE; IMMUNE-RESPONSE;
L-TRYPTOPHAN; AUTOIMMUNITY; EXPOSURE; ANTIBODIES; CHEMICALS; INDUCTION;
SYMPTOMS
AB An increasing number of environmental agents are being investigated as possible risk factors in the etiology of certain connective tissue disorders. Exposure to a variety of therapeutic agents, foods and dietary supplements, occupational and other toxic exposures, and infectious agents has been associated with the onset of lupus-like disorders. The mechanisms by which these agents might induce lupus remain unknown but may involve alteration of cellular components or activation of the immune system. Individual host susceptibility factors, including pre-existing organ dysfunction and particular metabolic enzyme or immunogenetic phenotypes, may also be important risk factors for development of environmentally-associated lupus-like disorders. Awareness of the many environmental agents implicated with lupus and related disorders, and dissection of their pathogenetic mechanisms through appropriate case-controlled investigations, may identify additional toxic agents and may lead to a better understanding of the idiopathic lupus syndromes.
RP LOVE, LA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,OFF SPECIAL NUTR,200 C ST SW,HFS-452,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 41
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 0
PU STOCKTON PRESS
PI BASINGSTOKE
PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HANTS, ENGLAND RG21 2XS
SN 0961-2033
J9 LUPUS
JI Lupus
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 3
IS 6
BP 467
EP 471
DI 10.1177/096120339400300607
PG 5
WC Rheumatology
SC Rheumatology
GA PZ741
UT WOS:A1994PZ74100007
PM 7704003
ER
PT J
AU YAO, RJ
BURR, DH
DOIG, P
TRUST, TJ
NIU, HY
GUERRY, P
AF YAO, RJ
BURR, DH
DOIG, P
TRUST, TJ
NIU, HY
GUERRY, P
TI ISOLATION OF MOTILE AND NONMOTILE INSERTIONAL MUTANTS OF
CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI - THE ROLE OF MOTILITY IN ADHERENCE AND INVASION OF
EUKARYOTIC CELLS
SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FLAGELLIN GENES; ANTIGENIC VARIATION; SURFACE-PROTEINS;
ESCHERICHIA-COLI; HELA-CELLS; MEMBRANE; IDENTIFICATION; MUTAGENESIS;
ADHESION; INTERNALIZATION
AB A method of insertional mutagenesis for naturally transformable organisms has been adapted from Haemophilus influenzae and applied to the study of the pathogenesis of Campylobacter jejuni. A series of kanamycin-resistant insertional mutants of C. jejuni 81-176 has been generated and screened for loss of ability to invade INT407 cells. Eight noninvasive mutants were identified which showed 18-200-fold reductions in the level of invasion compared with the parent. Three of these eight show defects in motility, and five are fully motile. The three mutants with motility defects were further characterized to evaluate the method. One mutant, K2-32, which is non-adherent and non-invasive, has an insertion of the kanamycin-resistance cassette into the flaA flagellin gene and has greatly reduced motility and a truncated flagellar filament typical of flaA mutants, The adherent non-invasive mutants K2-37 and K2-55 are phenotypically paralysed, i.e. they have a full-length flagellar filament but are non-motile. All three mutants show an aberration in flagellar structure at the point at which the filament attaches to the cell. Mutants K2-37 and K2-55 represent overlapping deletions affecting the same gene, termed pflA (paralysed flagella), This gene encodes a predicted protein of 788 amino acid residues and a molecular weight of 90977 with no significant homology to known proteins. Site-specific insertional mutants into this open reading frame result in the same paralysed flagellar phenotype and the same invasion defects as the original mutants. The differences in adherence between the two classes of flagellar mutant suggest that flagellin can serve as a secondary adhesion, although other adhesins mediate a motility-dependent internalization process. Characterization of the mutants at the molecular level and in animal models should further contribute to our understanding of the pathogenicity of these organisms.
C1 USN,MED RES INST ANNEX,ENTER DIS PROGRAM,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852.
UNIV VICTORIA,DEPT BIOCHEM & MICROBIOL,VICTORIA,BC V8W 3P6,CANADA.
US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
NR 41
TC 164
Z9 167
U1 3
U2 10
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL
SN 0950-382X
J9 MOL MICROBIOL
JI Mol. Microbiol.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 14
IS 5
BP 883
EP 893
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb01324.x
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
GA PY760
UT WOS:A1994PY76000005
PM 7715450
ER
PT J
AU KLECKER, RW
KATKI, AG
COLLINS, JM
AF KLECKER, RW
KATKI, AG
COLLINS, JM
TI TOXICITY, METABOLISM, DNA INCORPORATION WITH LACK OF REPAIR, AND LACTATE
PRODUCTION FOR
1-(2'-FLUORO-2'-DEOXY-BETA-D-ARABINOFURANOSYL)-5-IODOURACIL IN U-937 AND
MOLT-4 CELLS
SO MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; QUANTITATIVE-DETERMINATION; NUCLEOSIDES; THYMIDINE
AB Two cell lines, U-937 and MOLT-4, were used to investigate the toxicity, DNA incorporation, and effect on mitochondria of 1-(2'-fluoro-2'-deoxy-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)-5-iodouracil (FIAU) and its putative metabolite 1-(2'-fluoro-2'deoxy-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)uracil (FAU). After 72-hr incubation, the IC50 values for FIAU were 6.4 mu M for U-937 cells and 26 mu M for MOLT-4 cells. IC50 values for FAU were 10-fold higher in both cell lines. Incubation for 24 hr with 10 mu M [2-C-14]FIAU led to 2.1% and 0.93% replacement of thymidine in DNA of U-937 and MOLT-4 cells, respectively. The predominant radioactive species measurable in DNA was FIAU. A similar incubation with [2-C-14]FAU resulted in 4-fold lower DNA incorporation of a single radioactive species that coeluted with 1-(2'-fluoro-2'-deoxy-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)-5-methyluracil (FMAU). There was no evidence of a selective repair process after DNA incorporation of FIAU or FAU (FMAU). Increased intracellular concentrations of FIAU triphosphate and incorporation into DNA were associated with an increase in cellular toxicity. Continuous exposure to a clinically achievable concentration of FIAU, 0.44 mu M, produced a constant DNA incorporation of 0.80% and 0.11% for U-937 and MOLT-Q cells, respectively. FIAU was not readily metabolized to FAU or iodouracil by human liver in vitro. Compared with 2',3'-dideoxycytidine as a positive control, after 12 days of continuous exposure of U-937 and MOLT-4 cells to FIAU there was no evidence of increased lactate production. These data negate several possible mechanisms (DNA chain termination, DNA polymerase inhibition, one form of selective mitochondrial poisoning, and FAU-mediated toxicity) and provide clues for possible mechanisms (FIAU triphosphate concentration and DNA incorporation). Further work is needed to develop a complete explanation for the delayed hepatic toxicity observed in the investigational clinical trials of FIAU.
RP KLECKER, RW (reprint author), US FDA,CDER,ORR,DCP,4 RES COURT,ROOM 314,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA.
NR 15
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 1
U2 3
PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI BALTIMORE
PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436
SN 0026-895X
J9 MOL PHARMACOL
JI Mol. Pharmacol.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 46
IS 6
BP 1204
EP 1209
PG 6
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA QA533
UT WOS:A1994QA53300026
PM 7808443
ER
PT J
AU MAYER, VW
GOIN, CJ
AF MAYER, VW
GOIN, CJ
TI INDUCTION OF CHROMOSOME LOSS IN YEAST BY COMBINED TREATMENT WITH
NEUROTOXIC HEXACARBONS AND MONOKETONES
SO MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE CHROMOSOME LOSS; ANEUPLOIDY; NEUROTOXIN
ID METHYL-ETHYL-KETONE; GAMMA-DIKETONE NEUROPATHY;
SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; NORMAL-HEXANE; CHEMICAL-COMBINATIONS; PROTEIN
CROSSLINKING; PYRROLE FORMATION; STRAIN D61.M; BUTYL KETONE;
2,5-HEXANEDIONE
AB The neurotoxic hexacarbon compounds n-hexane, 2-hexanone and 2,5-hexanedione were tested in combination with acetone and methyl ethyl ketone for the potential to induce chromosome loss in strain D61.M of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. n-Hexane and 2-hexanone, alone or in combination, induced only marginally positive chromosome loss, whereas the metabolite and presumed proximal genetically active agent 2,5-hexanedione was strongly positive when tested alone and in combination. These observations are discussed in relation to the reported potentiation of the neurotoxic effects of these hexacarbons when exposure results from combinations with other solvents, e.g., acetone and methyl ethyl ketone. Treatments that result in neurotoxicity in experimental animals and humans and those that result in chromosome loss in a yeast genetic test system may be correlated by their activity on a common intracellular target.
RP MAYER, VW (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV MOLEC BIOL RES & EVALUAT,GENET TOXICOL BRANCH,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 40
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-1218
J9 MUTAT RES-GENET TOX
JI Mutat. Res.-Genet. Toxicol.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 341
IS 2
BP 83
EP 91
DI 10.1016/0165-1218(94)90090-6
PG 9
WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA PX810
UT WOS:A1994PX81000002
PM 7527491
ER
PT J
AU YI, PN
EVANS, HH
BEER, JZ
RHA, CK
AF YI, PN
EVANS, HH
BEER, JZ
RHA, CK
TI RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN MITOTIC DELAY AND THE DOSE-RATE OF X-RADIATION
SO RADIATION RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS; CELL-PROLIFERATION; LYMPHOMA-CELLS; DNA;
IRRADIATION; REPAIR; RADIOSENSITIVITY; V79-CELLS; L5178Y-S; S3-HELA
AB Upon exposure of cells to radiation delivered at a continuous low dose rate, cell proliferation may be sustained with the cells exhibiting a constant doubling time that is independent of the total dose. The doubling time or mitotic delay under these conditions has been shown to depend on the dose rate in HeLa, V79 and P388F cells (Mitchell et al., Radiat. Res. 79, 520-536, 1979; Fox and Gilbert, Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 11, 339-347, 1966). Re-analysis of the data for these particular cell lines shows that there is a threshold dose rate for mitotic delay, and that above the threshold there is a linear relationship between the length of mitotic delay and the logarithm of the dose rate which is referred to as the dose-rate response. We have observed the same relationships for L5178Y (LY)-R and LY-S cells exposed to low-dose-rate radiation. The threshold dose rates for LY-R, LY-S and P388F cells are similar (0.01-0.02 Gy/h) and are much lower than for V79 and HeLa cells. The slope of the dose-rate response curve is the greatest for HeLa cells, followed in order by LY-S, V79 and P388F cells, and finally by LY-R cells. The slopes for HeLa and LY-R cells differ by a factor of 35.
C1 CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,DEPT RADIOL,DIV RADIAT BIOL,CLEVELAND,OH 44106.
MIT,BIOMAT SCI & ENGN LAB,BOSTON,MA 02139.
US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
FU NCI NIH HHS [P01-CA 48735, R37-CA15901]
NR 20
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC
PI OAK BROOK
PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521
SN 0033-7587
J9 RADIAT RES
JI Radiat. Res.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 140
IS 3
BP 387
EP 392
DI 10.2307/3579117
PG 6
WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA PV082
UT WOS:A1994PV08200012
PM 7972692
ER
PT J
AU FRENI, SC
RAZZAGHI, M
MOORE, GE
AF FRENI, SC
RAZZAGHI, M
MOORE, GE
TI REPRODUCIBILITY OF THE DOSE-RESPONSE CURVE OF STEROID-INDUCED
CLEFT-PALATE IN MICE
SO RISK ANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE DOSE RESPONSE CURVES; DOSE RESPONSE SLOPES; CLEFT PALATE; CORTISONE;
REPLICATE EXPERIMENTS
AB Pregnant CD-1 mice were exposed to cortisone acetate at doses ranging from 20 to 100 mg/kg/day on days 10-13 by oral and intramuscular routes. Multiple replicate assays were conducted under identical conditions to assess the reproducibility of the dose-response curve for cleft palate. The data were fitted to the probit, logistic, multistage or Armitage-Doll, and Weibull dose-response model separately for each route of exposure. The curves were then tested for parallel slopes (probit and logistic models) or coincidence of model parameters (multistage and Weibull models). The 19 replicate experiments had a wide range of slope estimates, wider for the oral than for the intramuscular experiments. For all models and both routes of exposure the null hypothesis of equality of slopes was rejected at a significant level of p < 0.001. For the intramuscular group of replicates, rejection of slope equality could in part be explained by not maintaining a standard dosing regime. The rejection of equivalence of dose-response curves from replicate studies showed that it is difficult to reproduce dose-response data of a single study within the limits defined by the dose-response model. This has important consequences for quantitative risk assessment, public health measures, or development of mechanistic theories which are typically based on a single animal bioassay.
C1 BLOOMSBURG UNIV,DEPT MATH & COMP SCI,BLOOMSBURG,PA 17815.
RP FRENI, SC (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 14
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU PLENUM PUBL CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0272-4332
J9 RISK ANAL
JI Risk Anal.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 14
IS 6
BP 1073
EP 1077
DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1994.tb00077.x
PG 5
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics,
Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical
Methods In Social Sciences
GA PZ760
UT WOS:A1994PZ76000029
PM 7846314
ER
PT J
AU ZHENG, Q
AF ZHENG, Q
TI ON THE EXACT HAZARD AND SURVIVAL FUNCTIONS OF THE MVK STOCHASTIC
CARCINOGENESIS MODEL
SO RISK ANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE PROBABILITY GENERATING FUNCTION; HOMOGENEOUS MVK MODEL; BIRTH DEATH
MUTATION MODEL; TUMOR INCIDENCE RATE; FILTERED POISSON PROCESS
ID CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT; 2-STAGE MODEL
AB The MVK two-stage carcinogenesis model is one of the most widely accepted mechanistic models in carcinogenesis modeling. However, due to a perceived difficulty in obtaining analytic solutions for the hazard and survival functions, approximations and numerical methods have been used to calculate these two fundamental quantities. This paper focuses on a special case of the homogeneous MVK model where the number of normal cells is constant. The probability generating function (pgf) for the number of tumor cells is derived, and the exact analytic solutions to the hazard and survival functions are obtained from the pgf.
RP ZHENG, Q (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 11
TC 33
Z9 34
U1 0
U2 2
PU PLENUM PUBL CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0272-4332
J9 RISK ANAL
JI Risk Anal.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 14
IS 6
BP 1081
EP 1084
DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1994.tb00079.x
PG 4
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics,
Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical
Methods In Social Sciences
GA PZ760
UT WOS:A1994PZ76000031
PM 7846316
ER
PT J
AU KIM, CS
GARGAS, ML
ANDERSEN, ME
AF KIM, CS
GARGAS, ML
ANDERSEN, ME
TI PHARMACOKINETIC MODELING OF 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID (2,4-D) IN
RAT AND IN RABBIT BRAIN FOLLOWING SINGLE-DOSE ADMINISTRATION
SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE PHARMACOKINETIC MODELING; ORGANIC ACID; 2,4-D; NEUROTOXICITY RISK
ASSESSMENT
ID CHOROID-PLEXUS; 2,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID; METHYLENE-CHLORIDE;
RISK ASSESSMENT; ACCUMULATION; HERBICIDE; TRANSPORT; INVITRO
AB A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model has been developed to describe the kinetics of organic anions in the central nervous system using 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) as a model compound. The model consists of brain, body, venous, and arterial compartments. The brain; compartment is subdivided into brain plasma, brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Brain uptake is membrane-limited via a blood-brain barrier with saturable clearance from the CSF into the venous blood by the choroid plexus. The body has both a central and a deep compartment with saturable renal clearance from the central compartment. The model was used to examine venous plasma time course curves with experimental data from rats given 2,4-D by i.v. (5 or 90 mg/kg) or by oral ingestion (10, 50, or 150 mg/kg). The model was then extended to examine studies in which rabbit plasma, brain, and CSF concentrations were measured at 2 h after i.p. injection (40 mg/kg). In the rat, elimination was saturable (V-max2 = 3.45 mg/h; K-m2 = 86 mg/l) and the deep-compartment transfer coefficients were K-12 (0.013 l/h) and K-21 (0.048 l/h) between body and deep tissue compartment. Both oral and i.v. data were well described with these values. Limited single time point brain data from rabbits were analyzed with a lumped brain model assuming the generic model for 2,4-D in rat applies to the rabbit. The model simulations were in good agreement with rabbit plasma, brain, and CSF concentrations at 2 h after i.p. injection.
C1 CHEM IND INST TOXICOL,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709.
RP KIM, CS (reprint author), US FDA,DIV TOXICOL RES HFS506,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
OI Andersen, Melvin/0000-0002-3894-4811
NR 26
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCI PUBL IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE,
IRELAND
SN 0378-4274
J9 TOXICOL LETT
JI Toxicol. Lett.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 74
IS 3
BP 189
EP 201
DI 10.1016/0378-4274(94)90078-7
PG 13
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA QB758
UT WOS:A1994QB75800001
PM 7871543
ER
PT J
AU MARTI, GE
BAUER, S
PURI, RK
NOGUCHI, PD
AF MARTI, GE
BAUER, S
PURI, RK
NOGUCHI, PD
TI REGULATORY REVIEW OF CELLULAR AND GENE THERAPIES - AN OVERVIEW OF THE
PROCESS
SO TRANSFUSION SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 9th Annual Meeting of the European-Society-for-Haemapheresis
CY SEP 12-15, 1993
CL ABERDEEN, SCOTLAND
SP EUROPEAN SOC HAEMAPHERESIS
AB Cell and gene therapies, using several different approaches, have been proposed for a variety of genetic diseases, cancer and AIDS. The major regulatory review process in the US consists of an institutional review board, the recombinant DNA advisory committee (RAC) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Within the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, the Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies has been formed to primarily review investigational new drug applications (INDs) for cellular and gene therapies. Several appropriate ''points to consider'' documents have been prepared and the RAC has approved over 40 clinical protocols. Advances in biotechnology and the scientific basis for these advances are changing rapidly. Although a flexible, case-by-case approach is necessitated by these rapid changes, regulatory concerns common to all biologicals administered to human subjects remain unchanged. These include safety, efficacy, purity, potency, quality control and assessment, and reproducibility of individual lots. The goal of the review process is a prompt, complete and meticulous review. The emphasis of a pre-IND meeting is toward a working relationship between the sponsor and the FDA prior to the phase I, II and III clinical trials. A timely and ongoing evaluation of pre-clinical testing cannot be overemphasized in this rapidly growing and changing field. The development of a working relationship at this stage will ensure a seamless integration of the IND process with the product and establishment license applications. Because replication-competent retrovirus (RCR) represents a potential for pathogenicity, the FDA is recommending a conservative approach to RCR testing.
RP MARTI, GE (reprint author), NIH,FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CELLULAR & GENE THERAPIES,OFF THERAPEUT RES & REVIEW,ROCKVILLE,MD 20892, USA.
OI Bauer, Steven/0000-0003-2831-846X
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0955-3886
J9 TRANSFUS SCI
JI Transfus. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 15
IS 4
BP 323
EP 329
DI 10.1016/0955-3886(94)90163-5
PG 7
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA PQ801
UT WOS:A1994PQ80100002
PM 10155549
ER
PT J
AU SMITH, HA
AF SMITH, HA
TI REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS FOR NUCLEIC-ACID VACCINES
SO VACCINE
LA English
DT Article
DE NUCLEIC ACID VACCINES; REGULATION; PROCEDURES
ID PLASMID DNA; PROTECTION; INFLUENZA
AB For regulatory purposes nucleic acid vaccines are considered biological products and will be regulated by the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER). Vaccines derived through the use of this technology may ultimately find broad application as preventive vaccines for infectious disease or as therapeutic vaccines for treatment of disease. The regulations that govern the use of biological products as well as other guidance documents available from CBER are applicable to the regulation of nucleic acid vaccines. The regulatory concerns associated with the manufacture, preclinical evaluation and clinical studies for these vaccines are similar to those for other biological products. The following discussion will provide an overview of the organization of CBER and how nucleic acid vaccines will be reviewed within this organization. This discussion will also describe the regulations encoded in the US Code of Federal Regulations which govern the use of biological products and additional guidance provided in Points to Consider Documents and in specific Guidelines. In addition, this discussion will note specific concerns regarding the manufacture, lot release and preclinical evaluation to assess the safety of polynucleotide vaccines. Finally, the process for submission of an Investigational New Drug application and the design of protocols for clinical studies will be described.
RP SMITH, HA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,OFF VACCINES RES & REVIEW,DIV VACCINES & RELATED PROD APPLICAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 7
TC 33
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 1
PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0264-410X
J9 VACCINE
JI Vaccine
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 12
IS 16
BP 1515
EP 1519
DI 10.1016/0264-410X(94)90075-2
PG 5
WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA PU219
UT WOS:A1994PU21900007
PM 7879416
ER
PT J
AU BERTONE, JJ
AF BERTONE, JJ
TI APPROACH TO THE EMERGENCY EQUINE PATIENT
SO VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-EQUINE PRACTICE
LA English
DT Article
AB Often in emergency situations minimal date are collected, decisions are made, manipulations are performed, and therapeutics are administered without the collection of complete data sets that would indicate a detailed history and laboratory analysis. The incomplete clinical analysis may lead to occasional mistakes, but most often expediency is necessary and admirable. This article presents a clinical approach to emergency patients that requires minimal data collection in the face of the need for timely decision development. Medicolegal considerations are addressed briefly.
RP BERTONE, JJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,HFV-133,7500 STANDISH PL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU W B SAUNDERS CO
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA
19106-3399
SN 0749-0739
J9 VET CLIN N AM-EQUINE
JI Vet. Clin. N. Am.-Equine Pract.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 10
IS 3
BP 489
EP 494
PG 6
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA PT322
UT WOS:A1994PT32200002
PM 7704812
ER
PT J
AU BERTONE, JJ
AF BERTONE, JJ
TI EMERGENCY TREATMENT IN THE ADULT HORSE - PREFACE
SO VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-EQUINE PRACTICE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP BERTONE, JJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,HFV 133,7500 STANDISH PL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU W B SAUNDERS CO
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA
19106-3399
SN 0749-0739
J9 VET CLIN N AM-EQUINE
JI Vet. Clin. N. Am.-Equine Pract.
PD DEC
PY 1994
VL 10
IS 3
BP R13
EP R14
PG 2
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA PT322
UT WOS:A1994PT32200001
ER
PT J
AU MACHADO, SG
ROBINSON, GA
AF MACHADO, SG
ROBINSON, GA
TI A DIRECT, GENERAL-APPROACH BASED ON ISOBOLOGRAMS FOR ASSESSING THE JOINT
ACTION OF DRUGS IN PRECLINICAL EXPERIMENTS
SO STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID COMBINATION
AB Pharmacologists and other biologists frequently use methods based on the interpretation of isobolograms to quantify the extent of synergy or antagonism between drugs used in combination in pre-clinical studies. Most methods have been unsatisfactory from a statistical viewpoint, many because they have relied solely on visual evaluation, others because the methods have not taken into account the variability of the measurements. We describe a direct approach for quantifying the joint potency of two drugs, a central feature being the use of simple isobole models that lead directly to response surface models for the expected experimental outcomes. The approach is general in the sense that one can use it for discrete or continuous responses, different underlying probability distributions, linear or non-linear dose-response functions of the drugs used singly, and a variety of experimental designs, Our approach extends the suggestions made by Hewlett for measuring the joint potency of drugs, and is similar in spirit to the approaches proposed by Greco ef al. and Weinstein et al. We describe the analysis of data from an in vitro experiment conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the antiviral drugs AZT and ddI used in combination.
C1 STATCOMP,WARRENTON,VA 22186.
RP MACHADO, SG (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOMETR,RES & METHODOL PLANNING STAFF,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 21
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 0
U2 5
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI W SUSSEX
PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD
SN 0277-6715
J9 STAT MED
JI Stat. Med.
PD NOV 30
PY 1994
VL 13
IS 22
BP 2289
EP 2309
DI 10.1002/sim.4780132202
PG 21
WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental &
Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Medicine, Research &
Experimental; Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental &
Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Research & Experimental
Medicine; Mathematics
GA PU264
UT WOS:A1994PU26400001
PM 7855464
ER
PT J
AU LEE, YJ
BERNS, CM
ERDOS, G
BORRELLI, MJ
AHN, CH
CORRY, PM
AF LEE, YJ
BERNS, CM
ERDOS, G
BORRELLI, MJ
AHN, CH
CORRY, PM
TI EFFECT OF 1-(5-ISOQUINOLINESULFONYL)-2-METHYLPIPERAZINE (H-7) ON HSP70
AND HSP28 GENE-EXPRESSION AND THERMOTOLERANCE DEVELOPMENT IN HUMAN
COLON-CARCINOMA CELLS
SO BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE H-7; NORTHERN BLOT; WESTERN BLOT; PROTEIN KINASE C; THERMOTOLERANCE
ID PROTEIN-KINASE-C; HEAT-SHOCK PROTEIN; CHINESE-HAMSTER FIBROBLASTS;
IONIZING-RADIATION; HT-29 CELLS; INDUCTION; QUERCETIN; INHIBITION;
ACTIVATION; PHOSPHORYLATION
AB The effect of 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine (H-7), a potent protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, on the development of thermotolerance and expression of heat shock genes (HSP70 and HSP28) was investigated in human colon carcinoma HT-29 cells. After acute heating at 45 degrees for 15 min, cells became resistant to a challenge heat shock. The development of thermotolerance was suppressed by adding H-7 after heat shock. Northern blots show that the levels of HSP70 and HSP28 mRNA increased rapidly and reached maximal values within 6 hr. H-7 suppressed the accumulation of HSP70 and HSP28 mRNA as well as their protein synthesis, and the Level of suppression was concentration dependent. However, little effect was observed if the drug was added 1 hr before and during heat shock. These results suggest that PKC is involved in the regulation of heat shock gene expression after acute heat shock.
C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
RP LEE, YJ (reprint author), WILLIAM BEAUMONT HOSP,DEPT RADIAT ONCOL,RES LABS,3601 W 13TH MILE RD,ROYAL OAK,MI 48073, USA.
FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-48000, CA-53114, CA-44550]
NR 41
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0006-2952
J9 BIOCHEM PHARMACOL
JI Biochem. Pharmacol.
PD NOV 29
PY 1994
VL 48
IS 11
BP 2057
EP 2063
DI 10.1016/0006-2952(94)90505-3
PG 7
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA PX444
UT WOS:A1994PX44400008
PM 7802695
ER
PT J
AU DENEKAMP, C
MANDELBAUM, A
WEISZ, A
ITO, Y
AF DENEKAMP, C
MANDELBAUM, A
WEISZ, A
ITO, Y
TI PREPARATIVE SEPARATION OF STEREOISOMERIC
1-METHYL-4-METHOXYMETHYLCYCLOHEXANECARBOXYLIC ACIDS BY PH-ZONE-REFINING
COUNTERCURRENT CHROMATOGRAPHY
SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
LA English
DT Article
ID ALKYLATION; BEHAVIOR
AB The application of pH-zone-refining counter-current chromatography (CCC) to the preparative separation of stereoisomeric acids is described. The separation was accomplished on the basis of the difference in acidity of the two stereoisomers. pH-Zone-refining CCC of 400 mg of a crude synthetic mixture of stereoisomeric 1-methyl-4-methoxymethylcyclohexanecarboxylic acids yielded 49.5 and 40 mg of the pure Z- and E-stereoisomers, respectively. The two-phase solvent system consisted of hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (1:1:1:1). Trifluoroacetic and octanoic acids were used as retainer acids. The eluent base was aqueous ammonia. The eluted fractions were monitored by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
C1 TECHNION ISRAEL INST TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,IL-32000 HAIFA,ISRAEL.
US FDA,OFF COSMET & COLORS,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
NHLBI,BIOPHYS CHEM LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NR 14
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0021-9673
J9 J CHROMATOGR A
JI J. Chromatogr. A
PD NOV 18
PY 1994
VL 685
IS 2
BP 253
EP 257
DI 10.1016/0021-9673(94)00669-5
PG 5
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA PX989
UT WOS:A1994PX98900007
PM 7842145
ER
PT J
AU KESSLER, DA
ROSE, JL
TEMPLE, RJ
SCHAPIRO, R
GRIFFIN, JP
AF KESSLER, DA
ROSE, JL
TEMPLE, RJ
SCHAPIRO, R
GRIFFIN, JP
TI THERAPEUTIC-CLASS WARS - DRUG PROMOTION IN A COMPETITIVE MARKETPLACE
SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
C1 US FDA,DIV DRUG MKT ADVERTISING & COMMUN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 14
TC 91
Z9 91
U1 0
U2 3
PU MASS MEDICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115
SN 0028-4793
J9 NEW ENGL J MED
JI N. Engl. J. Med.
PD NOV 17
PY 1994
VL 331
IS 20
BP 1350
EP 1353
DI 10.1056/NEJM199411173312007
PG 4
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA PR216
UT WOS:A1994PR21600007
PM 7935706
ER
PT J
AU TAUROG, A
DORRIS, M
DOERGE, DR
AF TAUROG, A
DORRIS, M
DOERGE, DR
TI EVIDENCE FOR A RADICAL MECHANISM IN PEROXIDASE-CATALYZED COUPLING .1.
STEADY-STATE EXPERIMENTS WITH VARIOUS PEROXIDASES
SO ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID THYROID-HORMONE SYNTHESIS; CYTOCHROME-C PEROXIDASE; THYROGLOBULIN
IODINATION; HORSERADISH-PEROXIDASE; LACTOPEROXIDASE; DIIODOTYROSINE;
CONVERSION; THYROXINE; OXIDATION; ENZYME
AB Biosynthesis of thyroxine in the thyroid gland involves a reaction between two diiodotyrosyl residues within the same molecule of thyroglobulin, a large, thyroid-specific glycoprotein. This reaction, generally referred to as the coupling reaction, is catalyzed in the thyroid by the heme-containing glycoprotein enzyme, thyroid peroxidase, also a thyroid-specific protein. The coupling reaction is, however, not specific for thyroid peroxidase; it is also efficiently catalyzed by other heme-containing peroxidases. Peroxidase-catalyzed coupling may also occur between a monoiodotyrosyl and a diiodotyrosyl residue in thyroglobulin to form the more potent thyroid hormone, 3',3,5-triiodothyronine. Under most conditions, thyroxine formation in the thyroid is greatly favored over that of 3',3,5-triiodothyronine. Two mechanisms have been proposed for the coupling reaction, a radical mechanism and an ionic mechanism. In this, and in the following paper, we present evidence favoring a radical mechanism. This view is based primarily on the observation that peroxidase-catalyzed coupling is markedly stimulated by substoichiometric concentrations of free diiodotyrosine (DIT). Evidence obtained in this and in the following paper leads us to conclude that the stimulatory effect of DIT on coupling involves peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of the added DIT to a radical form. We propose that this stimulation involves a radical chain propagation mechanism. This implies that peroxidase-catalyzed coupling in the absence of DIT must also be a radical-mediated reaction. (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc.
C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
RP TAUROG, A (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,5323 HARRY HINES BLVD,DALLAS,TX 75235, USA.
FU NIDDK NIH HHS [NIDDK-03612]
NR 39
TC 48
Z9 53
U1 0
U2 0
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495
SN 0003-9861
J9 ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS
JI Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
PD NOV 15
PY 1994
VL 315
IS 1
BP 82
EP 89
DI 10.1006/abbi.1994.1474
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA PQ997
UT WOS:A1994PQ99700012
PM 7979410
ER
PT J
AU DOERGE, DR
TAUROG, A
DORRIS, ML
AF DOERGE, DR
TAUROG, A
DORRIS, ML
TI EVIDENCE FOR A RADICAL MECHANISM IN PEROXIDASE-CATALYZED COUPLING .2.
SINGLE TURNOVER EXPERIMENTS WITH HORSERADISH-PEROXIDASE
SO ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CYTOCHROME-C PEROXIDASE; THYROID-HORMONE SYNTHESIS; LACTOPEROXIDASE-H2O2
COMPOUNDS; THYROGLOBULIN IODINATION; OXIDIZING EQUIVALENTS; OXIDATION;
SYNTHASE; PHENOLS; SITE
AB Single turnover experiments were performed with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) to study the mechanism of peroxidase-catalyzed coupling and its stimulation by low concentrations of free diiodotyrosine (DIT). HRP was used because, unlike thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and lactoperoxidase (LPO), the spectral properties of compounds I and II are readily distinguishable. This made it possible to correlate the kinetics and stoichiometry of T-4 + T-3 formation with spectral data. Incubation of 2 mu M preformed HRP-I with 2 mu M [I-125]Tg (thyroglobulin of low hormone content, high iodotyrosine content) in the presence of 1 mu M free DIT yielded about 0.8 residue T-4 and 0.2 residue T-3 per molecule of Tg. This represents the theoretical maximum for iodothyronine formation, indicating remarkably efficient use of the oxidizing equivalents in HRP-I for coupling. The time course for formation of T-4 + T-3 was biphasic. During a rapid initial phase (about 1 min), HRP-I was completely converted to HRP-II, coincident with the formation of about 0.65 residues of T-4 + T-3. During the second slower phase, lasting 10-15 min, HRP-II was completely reduced to the native enzyme, with formation of the remaining T-4 + T-3. In the absence of DIT, the coupling yield was reduced to 0.5-0.6 residue T-4 + T-3 per molecule Tg, and the reaction, although considerably slower, was still biphasic. The rapid phase again corresponded to the conversion of HRP-I to HRP-II, and the slower phase to the conversion of HRP-II to native enzyme. To gain insight into the mechanism of the stimulatory effect of free DIT on coupling, we studied the reaction of DIT with HRP-I and HRP-II. Free DIT reacted with both HRP-I and HRP-II in one-electron transfer reactions, and the time course for these reductions resembled those observed with DIT + Tg. These observations suggest that in DIT-stimulated coupling, free DIT radicals act as a shuttle for transferring oxidizing equivalents from the peroxidase intermediates to the DIT residues in Tg. The remarkable efficiency of the HRP-I-mediated coupling reaction implies that (i) only hormonogenic residues in Tg are oxidized and (ii) oxidation of two hormonogenic residues occurs within the same molecule of Tg. A scheme which attempts to explain both kinetic and stoichiometric features of the coupling reaction observed in this study is proposed. This scheme is based on a radical mechanism, consistent with the conclusions reached in the companion paper. It shows that HRP-II is an obligatory intermediate when coupling is initiated with HRP-I. In confirmation of previous studies, we observed in single turnover experiments that cytochrome c peroxidase compound ES and the protein radical form of LPO compound I are also very efficient mediators of coupling in the presence of free DIT. The observation that single turnover coupling with HRP-I is considerably faster than with the protein radical form of LPO-I raises the possibility that, under catalytic conditions, coupling with LPO (and also with TPO) may involve, at least partially, the pi-cation radical form of compound I. (C) 1993 Academic Press, Inc.
C1 UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,DALLAS,TX 75235.
NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
FU NIDDK NIH HHS [NIDDK-03612]
NR 20
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 3
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495
SN 0003-9861
J9 ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS
JI Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
PD NOV 15
PY 1994
VL 315
IS 1
BP 90
EP 99
DI 10.1006/abbi.1994.1475
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA PQ997
UT WOS:A1994PQ99700013
PM 7979411
ER
PT J
AU ITO, Y
FEUERS, RJ
DESAI, VG
KAJKENOVA, O
HART, RW
LIPSCHITZ, DA
AF ITO, Y
FEUERS, RJ
DESAI, VG
KAJKENOVA, O
HART, RW
LIPSCHITZ, DA
TI REDUCTIONS IN THE KINETICS OF ANTIOXIDATIVE ENZYMES IN HUMAN NEUTROPHILS
EXPLAINS THE INCREASED AGE-RELATED ACCUMULATION OF FREE-RADICALS
FOLLOWING CELLULAR ACTIVATION
SO BLOOD
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,VET ADM HOSP,GRECC,DEPT MED,DIV AGING,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205.
NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU W B SAUNDERS CO
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA
19106-3399
SN 0006-4971
J9 BLOOD
JI Blood
PD NOV 15
PY 1994
VL 84
IS 10
SU 1
BP A35
EP A35
PG 1
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA PR754
UT WOS:A1994PR75400130
ER
PT J
AU OLSON, DE
WEINSTEIN, MJ
DAVIES, TA
SIMONS, ER
AF OLSON, DE
WEINSTEIN, MJ
DAVIES, TA
SIMONS, ER
TI INCREASED CYTOSOLIC CALCIUM LEVELS IN HUMAN PLATELET SUSPENSIONS
SUBJECTED TO HIGH-SHEAR
SO BLOOD
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 BOSTON UNIV,COLL SCI,BOSTON,MA 02215.
BOSTON UNIV,SCH MED,BOSTON,MA 02118.
US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU W B SAUNDERS CO
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA
19106-3399
SN 0006-4971
J9 BLOOD
JI Blood
PD NOV 15
PY 1994
VL 84
IS 10
SU 1
BP A324
EP A324
PG 1
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA PR754
UT WOS:A1994PR75401277
ER
PT J
AU OLSON, DE
NADIM, A
SIMONS, ER
WEINSTEIN, MJ
AF OLSON, DE
NADIM, A
SIMONS, ER
WEINSTEIN, MJ
TI CONCENTRIC CYLINDER DEVICE FOR STUDYING HYDRODYNAMIC INTERACTIONS OF
SHEARED PLATELETS AND VON-WILLEBRAND-FACTOR
SO BLOOD
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 BOSTON UNIV,COLL SCI,BOSTON,MA 02215.
BOSTON UNIV,SCH MED,BOSTON,MA 02118.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU W B SAUNDERS CO
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA
19106-3399
SN 0006-4971
J9 BLOOD
JI Blood
PD NOV 15
PY 1994
VL 84
IS 10
SU 1
BP A323
EP A323
PG 1
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA PR754
UT WOS:A1994PR75401274
ER
PT J
AU CHANG, SC
HOANG, B
THOMAS, JT
VUKICEVIC, S
LUYTEN, FP
RYBA, NJP
KOZAK, CA
REDDI, AH
MOOS, M
AF CHANG, SC
HOANG, B
THOMAS, JT
VUKICEVIC, S
LUYTEN, FP
RYBA, NJP
KOZAK, CA
REDDI, AH
MOOS, M
TI CARTILAGE-DERIVED MORPHOGENETIC PROTEINS - NEW MEMBERS OF THE
TRANSFORMING GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA SUPERFAMILY PREDOMINANTLY EXPRESSED IN
LONG BONES DURING HUMAN EMBRYONIC-DEVELOPMENT
SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID BOVINE OSTEOGENIC PROTEIN; VENTRALIZING FACTOR; INDUCTIVE PROTEIN; RNA;
MOUSE; FAMILY; BMP-2A; OP-1; GENE; DIFFERENTIATION
AB Partially purified extracts from newborn calf articular cartilage were found to induce cartilage and bone when subcutaneously implanted in rats. This activity showed characteristics of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Degenerate oligonucleotide primer sets derived from the highly conserved carboxyl-terminal region of the BMP family were designed and used in reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions with poly(A)(+) RNA from articular cartilage as template to determine which BMPs are produced by chondrocytes. Two novel members of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily were identified and designated cartilage-derived morphogenetic protein-1 (CDMP-1) and -2 (CDMP-2). Their carboxyl-terminal TGF-beta domains are 82% identical, thus defining a novel subfamily most closely related to BMP-B, BMP-6, and osteogenic protein-1. Northern analyses showed that both genes are predominantly expressed in cartilaginous tissues. In situ hybridization and immunostaining of sections from human embryos showed that CDMP-1 was predominantly found at the stage of precartilaginous mesenchymal condensation and throughout the cartilaginous cores of the developing long bones, whereas CDMP-2 expression was restricted to the hypertrophic chondrocytes of ossifying long bone centers. Neither gene was detectable in the axial skeleton during human embryonic development. The cartilage-specific localization pattern of these novel TGF-beta superfamily members, which contrasts with the more ubiquitous presence of other BMP family members, suggests a potential role for these proteins in chondrocyte differentiation and growth of long bones.
C1 NIDR,BONE RES BRANCH,DEV BIOL PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NIDR,IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DEV BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT ORTHOPED SURG,MUSCULOSKELETAL BIOL LAB,BALTIMORE,MD 21205.
NIAID,MOLEC MICROBIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
RI Moos, Malcolm/F-3673-2011
OI Moos, Malcolm/0000-0002-9575-9938
NR 48
TC 305
Z9 325
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814
SN 0021-9258
J9 J BIOL CHEM
JI J. Biol. Chem.
PD NOV 11
PY 1994
VL 269
IS 45
BP 28227
EP 28234
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA PV772
UT WOS:A1994PV77200069
PM 7961761
ER
PT J
AU SHORES, EW
HUANG, K
TRAN, T
LEE, E
GRINBERG, A
LOVE, PE
AF SHORES, EW
HUANG, K
TRAN, T
LEE, E
GRINBERG, A
LOVE, PE
TI ROLE OF TCR ZETA-CHAIN IN T-CELL DEVELOPMENT AND SELECTION
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; TRANSGENIC MICE; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION; COMPLEX;
THYMOCYTES; LACKING; DOMAIN; RAG-1; TAIL
AB Signals mediated by the T cell receptor (TCR) are required for thymocyte maturation and selection. To examine the role of TCR zeta chain signals in development, TCR expression was restored in zeta-deficient mice with transgenic zeta chains that partially or completely lacked sequences required for signal transduction. The zeta chain played a role in thymic development by promoting TCR surface expression, but zeta-mediated signals were not essential because TCRs that contained signaling-deficient zeta chains promoted T cell maturation and transduced signals associated with thymic selection.
C1 NICHHD,MAMMALIAN GENES & DEV LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
RP SHORES, EW (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL,DIV HEMATOL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
NR 33
TC 122
Z9 122
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD NOV 11
PY 1994
VL 266
IS 5187
BP 1047
EP 1050
DI 10.1126/science.7526464
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA PQ924
UT WOS:A1994PQ92400046
PM 7526464
ER
PT J
AU XIAO, W
LI, GY
LESIAK, K
DONG, BH
SILVERMAN, RH
TORRENCE, PF
AF XIAO, W
LI, GY
LESIAK, K
DONG, BH
SILVERMAN, RH
TORRENCE, PF
TI SYNTHESIS OF A 5'-THIOPHOSPHATE ANALOG OF 2-5A, A PHOSPHATASE RESISTANT
ACTIVATOR OF THE 2-5A-DEPENDENT RIBONUCLEASE
SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PHOSPHOROTHIOATE ANALOGS; NUCLEOTIDES
AB The 5'-thiophosphate analogue of the small oligonucleotide mediator of the anti-picornavirus action of interferon was synthesized and shown to be highly resistant to enzymic 5'-dephosphorylation and to activate the 2-5A-dependent ribonuclease as effectively as parent p5'A2'p5'A2'p5'A itself.
C1 NIDDK,MED CHEM LAB,BIOMED CHEM SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV ALLERGEN PROD & PARASITOL,BIOPHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
CLEVELAND CLIN FDN,RES INST,DEPT CANC BIOL,CLEVELAND,OH 44195.
NR 14
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0960-894X
J9 BIOORG MED CHEM LETT
JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
PD NOV 10
PY 1994
VL 4
IS 21
BP 2609
EP 2614
DI 10.1016/S0960-894X(01)80294-8
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry
GA PT379
UT WOS:A1994PT37900023
ER
PT J
AU SERDULA, MK
WILLIAMSON, DF
ANDA, RF
LEVY, A
HEATON, A
BYERS, T
AF SERDULA, MK
WILLIAMSON, DF
ANDA, RF
LEVY, A
HEATON, A
BYERS, T
TI WEIGHT CONTROL PRACTICES IN ADULTS - RESULTS OF A MULTISTATE TELEPHONE
SURVEY
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
AB In this study, data collected in 1989 in a random-digit dialing telephone survey of 60 590 adults in 38 states and the District of Columbia were analyzed. Approximately 38% of women and 24% of men reported that they were currently trying to lose weight. Methods reported were counting calories (24% of women, 14% of men), participating in organized weight loss programs (10%, 3%), taking special supplements (10%, 7%), taking diet pills (4%, 2%), and fasting for 24 hours or longer (5%, 5%). Among both sexes, only half of those trying to lose weight reported using the recommended method of caloric restriction combined with physical activity.
C1 US FDA,DIV CONSUMER STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
RP SERDULA, MK (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,NATL CTR CHRON DIS PREVENT & HLTH PROMOT,DIV NUTR K26,ATLANTA,GA 30341, USA.
NR 15
TC 61
Z9 62
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1015 FIFTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005
SN 0090-0036
J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH
JI Am. J. Public Health
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 84
IS 11
BP 1821
EP 1824
DI 10.2105/AJPH.84.11.1821
PG 4
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA PR448
UT WOS:A1994PR44800022
PM 7977925
ER
PT J
AU KAWALEK, JC
ELSAID, KR
AF KAWALEK, JC
ELSAID, KR
TI COMPARISON OF MATURATION OF DRUG-METABOLIZING-ENZYMES IN CALVES WITH
FUNCTIONING OR NONFUNCTIONING RUMEN
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID DISPOSITION; ACID; RATS; SULFAMETHAZINE; MONOOXYGENASE; PARAMETERS;
MICROSOMES; FLAVONOIDS; INDUCTION; SYSTEM
AB Drug-metabolizing enzyme activities were measured in livers from calves fed commercial milk replacer (nonfunctioning rumen [veal]), and those fed milk replacer supplemented with whole grain and hay from the first week of age (functioning rumen [ruminating calves]). After birth, cytochrome P450 and its NADPH-dependent reductase activities remained unchanged in veal calves; in ruminating calves they increased almost 50%. Cytochrome P450-mediated reactions, such as aniline hydroxylase activity, tripled in ruminating calves, but remained unchanged in veal calves. In both groups of calves, coumarin hydroxylase and 7-ethoxycoumarin 0-deethylase activities increased after birth, but maturation rates and activity values in ruminating calves were considerably greater than those of veal calves. The aminopyrine N-demethylase activity for veal calves was equal to that of calves with functioning rumen. Uridine diphosphoglucuronic acid glucuronyl transferase and glutathione-S-transferase activities also were higher in calves with functioning rumen than in veal calves. This increased activity in calves with functioning rumen probably represents a response to environmental exposure to xenobiotics. Compared with numen-functional calves, bob veal (0 to 3 weeks old) and fancy veal (15 to 19 weeks old) calves fed commercial milk replacer have a significantly (P = 0.05) diminished capacity for metabolizing drugs and other xenobiotics. From a regulatory perspective, the variance in drug-metabolizing enzyme activities within these different market classes of calves suggests that specific studies designed to determine drug residue-depletion times in veal calves may be needed.
C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & NUTR,OFF SEAFOOD,DIV SCI & APPL TECHNOL,GULF COAST SEAFOOD LAB BRANCH,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528.
RP KAWALEK, JC (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,OFF SCI,DIV ANIM RES,PHARMACOL & BIOCHEM BRANCH,BLDG 328A,CTR RD,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA.
NR 37
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC
PI SCHAUMBURG
PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360
SN 0002-9645
J9 AM J VET RES
JI Am. J. Vet. Res.
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 55
IS 11
BP 1579
EP 1586
PG 8
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA PP314
UT WOS:A1994PP31400014
PM 7879982
ER
PT J
AU DEMETS, DL
ANBAR, D
FAIRWEATHER, W
LOUIS, TA
ONEILL, RT
AF DEMETS, DL
ANBAR, D
FAIRWEATHER, W
LOUIS, TA
ONEILL, RT
TI TRAINING THE NEXT-GENERATION OF BIOSTATISTICIANS
SO AMERICAN STATISTICIAN
LA English
DT Article
DE BIOSTATISTICS; TRAINING
AB Biostatisticians have become an integral part of medical research for the design and analysis of laboratory, epidemiology, and clinical studies. The demand for this expertise has increased over the past several decades, while the supply has remained relatively constant. The skills required to be a successful statistical collaborator go beyond the traditional statistics courses taught in graduate school. We describe the challenges facing those training the next generation of biostatisticians.
C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,OFF EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
UNIV MINNESOTA,DIV BIOSTAT,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455.
SCHERING PLOUGH CORP,DEPT BIOSTAT,KENILWORTH,NJ 07033.
RP DEMETS, DL (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT BIOSTAT,MADISON,WI 53792, USA.
NR 1
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER STATIST ASSN
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314
SN 0003-1305
J9 AM STAT
JI Am. Stat.
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 48
IS 4
BP 280
EP 284
DI 10.2307/2684833
PG 5
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA QF539
UT WOS:A1994QF53900003
ER
PT J
AU CERNIGLIA, CE
GIBSON, DT
DODGE, RH
AF CERNIGLIA, CE
GIBSON, DT
DODGE, RH
TI METABOLISM OF BENZ[A]ANTHRACENE BY THE FILAMENTOUS FUNGUS
CUNNINGHAMELLA-ELEGANS
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; HAMSTER-EMBRYO CELLS; REGION
DIOL-EPOXIDE; MOUSE SKIN; OXIDATION; BENZOANTHRACENE;
3,4-DIHYDRODIOL; DIHYDRODIOLS; INVOLVEMENT; BENZANTHRACENE
AB The metabolism of the carcinogen benz[a]anthracene (BA), a tetracyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, by Cunninghamella elegans was investigated. C. elegans grown on Sabouraud dextrose broth transformed [C-14]BA to labeled BA trans-8,9-dihydrodiol (90%), BA trans-10,11-dihydrodiol (6%), and BA trans-3,4-dihydrodiol (4%), but not to BA trans-5,6-dihydrodiol. These metabolites were separated by thin-layer chromatography and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and were identified by UV and mass spectral techniques. A BA tetraol, 8 beta,9 alpha, 10 alpha,11 beta-tetrahydroxy-8 alpha,9 beta,10 beta,11 alpha-tetrahydro-BA, was also identified as a metabolite and may have arisen as an additional oxidation product of either BA 8,9- or 10,11-dihydrodiol. This is the first study in which a biologically produced BA tetraol has been identified. Our results suggest that the transformation of BA to trans-dihydrodiols by C. elegans is similar to the transformation of BA found in mammals, except that BA 5,6-dihydrodiol is not produced.
C1 UNIV IOWA,DEPT MICROBIOL,IOWA CITY,IA 52242.
UNIV IOWA,CTR BIOCATALYSIS & BIOPROC,IOWA CITY,IA 52242.
UNIV TEXAS,DEPT MICROBIOL,AUSTIN,TX 78712.
RP CERNIGLIA, CE (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV MICROBIOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 30
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 60
IS 11
BP 3931
EP 3938
PG 8
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA PP139
UT WOS:A1994PP13900006
PM 7993083
ER
PT J
AU SUTKOWSKI, EM
TANG, WJ
BROOME, CW
ROBBINS, JD
SEAMON, KB
AF SUTKOWSKI, EM
TANG, WJ
BROOME, CW
ROBBINS, JD
SEAMON, KB
TI REGULATION OF FORSKOLIN INTERACTIONS WITH TYPE-I, TYPE-II, TYPE-V, AND
TYPE-VI ADENYLYL CYCLASES BY G(S-ALPHA)
SO BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID HUMAN-PLATELET MEMBRANES; BETA-GAMMA-SUBUNITS; GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER; H-3
FORSKOLIN; RAT-BRAIN; BINDING-SITES; CAUDATE-NUCLEUS; HIGH-AFFINITY;
PROTEIN; EXPRESSION
AB Several forms of adenylyl cyclase (types I, II, V, and VI) have been expressed using the recombinant baculovirus expression system in Sf9 cells. The activation of type I adenylyl cyclase by forskolin and G(s alpha) was not greater than additive. In contrast, there was synergistic activation of type II, V, and VI adenylyl cyclases by G(s alpha) and forskolin. G(s alpha) potentiated the effect of forskolin on type II adenylyl cyclase to the greatest extent. Type I and II adenylyl cyclases were photolabeled specifically by an iodinated photoaffinity derivative of forskolin ([I-125]-6-AIPP-Fsk). Type I adenylyl cylcase was photolabeled efficiently in the absence of G(s alpha), and the addition of G(s alpha) only slightly increased the labeling efficiency. In contrast, type II adenylyl cyclase was not photolabeled efficiently in the absence of G(s alpha), and the addition of G(s alpha) greatly enhanced the labeling efficiency. Potolabeling of type V and VI adenylyl cyclases was detected only in the presence of G(s alpha). Neither carcium/calmodulin nor G protein beta gamma subunits modulated the photolabeling of type I or II adenylyl cyclases. Another iodinated derivative of forskolin, [I-125]-6-IHPP-Fsk, bound to Sf9 cell membranes expressing type I adenylyl cyclase with high affinity in a filtration binding assay, and the specific binding was not enhanced by the addition of G(s alpha). In contrast, specific binding of [I-125] -6-IHPP-Fsk to membranes expressing type II adenylyl cyclase was detected only in the presence of G(s alpha). [I-125]-6- IHPP-Fsk bound to membranes expressing type I adenylyl cyclase with a K-d of 8 nM and a B-max of 6.4 pmol/mg protein. The K-d for binding of [(125)]-6-IHPP-Fsk to membranes expressing type II adenylyl cyclase in the presence of G(s alpha) was 134 nM, and the B-max was 11.2 pmol/mg protein. Deoxy and desacetyl derivatives of forskolin displaced the binding of [I-125]-6-IHPP-Fsk to membranes expressing type I and II adenylyl cyclases with a similar rank order of potency. However, the affinity of these derivatives for the type I enzyme was between 6- and 20-fold higher than that for the type II enzyme.
C1 US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852 USA.
UNIV TEXAS, SW MED CTR, DEPT PHARMACOL, DALLAS, TX 75235 USA.
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM34497]
NR 46
TC 82
Z9 84
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-2960
J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US
JI Biochemistry
PD NOV 1
PY 1994
VL 33
IS 43
BP 12852
EP 12859
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA PP527
UT WOS:A1994PP52700017
PM 7947691
ER
PT J
AU BENCSATH, FA
PLAKAS, SM
LONG, AR
AF BENCSATH, FA
PLAKAS, SM
LONG, AR
TI OPTIMIZATION OF THE ANALYTICAL PERFORMANCE OF THE MAGNETIC-SECTOR
MASS-SPECTROMETER FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF RESIDUAL CHLORAMPHENICOL IN
SHRIMP
SO BIOLOGICAL MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID MEDIATED CLEANUP PROCEDURE; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY;
SWINE MUSCLE; ION-SOURCE; MILK; EGGS; MEAT; QUANTIFICATION; CONFIRMATION
AB Chemical noise limits mass spectrometric detection of chloramphenicol (CAP) with electron capture ionization at low resolution, and makes CAP identification at concentrations of 5 parts per billion (ppb) difficult. Increasing the resolution from 1000 to 3500, however, was sufficient to separate the analyte signals from the noise signals, and resulted in a 100 times higher analytical sensitivity. The introduction of sweep gas in the ion source decreased the scattering of the quantitative results on average by a factor of 7, and thereby improved the precision of the analyses to an acceptable level (CV < 10%). Under such conditions, CAP residues of 1.5 and 2.1 ppb in shrimp as determined by electron capture gas chromatography/mass spectrometry can readily be identified by monitoring four diagnostic ions.
C1 US FDA,ANIM DRUGS RES CTR,DENVER,CO 80225.
RP BENCSATH, FA (reprint author), US FDA,GULF COAST RES LAB,POB 158,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528, USA.
NR 32
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI W SUSSEX
PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD
SN 1052-9306
J9 BIOL MASS SPECTROM
JI Biol. Mass Spectrom.
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 23
IS 11
BP 665
EP 674
DI 10.1002/bms.1200231104
PG 10
WC Biophysics; Spectroscopy
SC Biophysics; Spectroscopy
GA PP967
UT WOS:A1994PP96700003
PM 7811755
ER
PT J
AU CHENG, HY
GILLESPIE, WR
JUSKO, WJ
AF CHENG, HY
GILLESPIE, WR
JUSKO, WJ
TI MEAN RESIDENCE TIME CONCEPTS FOR NONLINEAR PHARMACOKINETIC SYSTEMS
SO BIOPHARMACEUTICS & DRUG DISPOSITION
LA English
DT Review
DE MEAN RESIDENCE TIME; NONLINEAR SYSTEMS
ID STATISTICAL MOMENT THEORY; STEADY-STATE VOLUME; NONINSTANTANEOUS INPUT;
REVERSIBLE METABOLISM; ABSORPTION TIME; ELIMINATION; DRUGS; TISSUE;
COMPARTMENT; CIRCULATION
C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
SUNY BUFFALO,SCH PHARM,DEPT PHARMACEUT,BUFFALO,NY 14260.
RP CHENG, HY (reprint author), MERCK SHARP & DOHME LTD,RES LABS,DEPT DRUG METAB,W POINT,PA 19486, USA.
RI Jusko, William/G-4885-2015
NR 38
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI W SUSSEX
PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD
SN 0142-2782
J9 BIOPHARM DRUG DISPOS
JI Biopharm. Drug Dispos.
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 15
IS 8
BP 627
EP 641
DI 10.1002/bdd.2510150802
PG 15
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA PR193
UT WOS:A1994PR19300001
PM 7888595
ER
PT J
AU JAMES, SJ
MUSKHELISHVILI, L
AF JAMES, SJ
MUSKHELISHVILI, L
TI RATES OF APOPTOSIS AND PROLIFERATION VARY WITH CALORIC-INTAKE AND MAY
INFLUENCE INCIDENCE OF SPONTANEOUS HEPATOMA IN C57BL/6 X C3H F1-MICE
SO CANCER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Note
ID RESTRICTION; CARCINOGENESIS; TISSUES; LIVER; MOUSE
AB Although the dysregulation of physiological signals and mechanisms controlling cell proliferation has been a major focus in cancer research, recent evidence suggests that explicit evaluation of apoptosis or physiological cell death may be equally important in understanding multistage carcinogenesis. Dietary restriction of rodents is well known to reproducibly retard development of spontaneous and chemically induced tumors. We reasoned that the decrease in metabolic and hormonal trophic factors induced with this intervention could promote selective cell deletion via apoptosis. To pursue this possibility, we quantified the spontaneous apoptotic rate in liver sections from diet-restricted (DR) and nd libitum-fed (AL) 12-month-old male C57BL/6 x C3H F-1 mice, a murine strain known to develop a high incidence of spontaneous liver tumors by Ig months of age. The identification of hepatocyte apoptotic bodies was facilitated by irt situ end-labeling immunohistochemistry. The basal rate of proliferation of hepatocytes was quantified utilizing proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunohistochemistry. The incidence of apoptotic bodies and total proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells was enumerated in 14 mice/group by scoring 50,000 random hepatocytes/liver and expressed as the mean incidence/100 cells. When the comparison was made between diet groups, the apoptotic rate was significantly higher in the DR mice relative to the AL mice, while the proliferation rate was significantly lower (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). The increase in spontaneous level of apoptosis and the decrease in proliferation rate in livers of DR mice were associated with a significantly lower rate of spontaneous hepatoma over a 36-month period. In summary, the results suggest that caloric intake may modulate the basal turnover rates of cell death and proliferation in a direction consistent with a cancer-protective effect in the DR mice and a cancer-promoting effect in AL mice.
RP JAMES, SJ (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NUTR TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 21
TC 122
Z9 126
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W.,
PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106
SN 0008-5472
J9 CANCER RES
JI Cancer Res.
PD NOV 1
PY 1994
VL 54
IS 21
BP 5508
EP 5510
PG 3
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA PP190
UT WOS:A1994PP19000002
PM 7923185
ER
PT J
AU RAHMAN, A
KORZEKWA, KR
GROGAN, J
GONZALEZ, FJ
HARRIS, JW
AF RAHMAN, A
KORZEKWA, KR
GROGAN, J
GONZALEZ, FJ
HARRIS, JW
TI SELECTIVE BIOTRANSFORMATION OF TAXOL TO 6-ALPHA-HYDROXYTAXOL BY HUMAN
CYTOCHROME-P450 2C8
SO CANCER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Note
ID HUMAN-LIVER; CYP2C SUBFAMILY; METABOLISM; NARINGENIN
AB The principal taxol biotransformation reaction of humans and of human hepatic in vivo preparations is 6 alpha-hydroxylation of the taxane ring, but a separate, minor hydroxylation pathway (metabolite B formation) also exists. Taxol metabolism was studied using membrane fractions from Hep G(2) cells infected with recombinant vaccinia viruses that contain complementary DNAs encoding several human cytochrome P450 enzymes. Only P450 2C8 formed detectable 6 alpha-hydroxytaxol. Metabolite B formation was catalyzed by complementary DNA-expressed 3A3 and 3A4, but not by 3A5. Each P450 3A preparation catalyzed felodipine oxidation. The apparent K-m and V-max values for taxol 6 alpha-hydroxylation were 5.4 +/- 1.0 mu M and 30 +/- 1.5 nmol/min/nmol P450, respectively, for complementary DNA-expressed P450 2C8; the values were 4.0 +/- 1.0 mu M and 0.87 +/- 0.06 nmol/min/mg protein, respectively, for human hepatic microsomes. The inhibition of 6 alpha-hydroxytaxol formation by quercetin was competitive with an apparent K-i of 1.3 or 1.1 mu M with 2C8 or hepatic microsomes, respectively; retinoic acid was inhibitory, showing an apparent K-i of 27 mu M with hepatic microsomes; inhibition by tolbutamide was complex, weak, and unlikely to be clinically relevant. The correlation between hepatic 2C8 protein content and 6 alpha-hydroxytaxol formation was high (r(2) = 0.82), while the correlation with 2C9 content was low (r(2) = 0.38).
These data show that human biotransformation routes of taxol result from catalysis by specific enzymes of two P450 families and that taxol 6 alpha-hydroxylation is a useful indicator of P450 2C8 activity in human hepatic microsomes.
C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOPHARMACEUT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV CLIN PHARMACOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NCI,MOLEC CARCINOGENESIS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NR 21
TC 323
Z9 332
U1 3
U2 7
PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W.,
PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106
SN 0008-5472
J9 CANCER RES
JI Cancer Res.
PD NOV 1
PY 1994
VL 54
IS 21
BP 5543
EP 5546
PG 4
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA PP190
UT WOS:A1994PP19000011
PM 7923194
ER
PT J
AU SCHRENK, D
GANT, TW
MICHALKE, A
ORZECHOWSKI, A
SILVERMAN, JA
BATTULA, N
THORGEIRSSON, SS
AF SCHRENK, D
GANT, TW
MICHALKE, A
ORZECHOWSKI, A
SILVERMAN, JA
BATTULA, N
THORGEIRSSON, SS
TI METABOLIC-ACTIVATION OF 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE IS REQUIRED FOR INDUCTION
OF MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE GENE-EXPRESSION IN RAT-LIVER CELLS
SO CARCINOGENESIS
LA English
DT Article
ID P-GLYCOPROTEIN; HEPATOCYTE CULTURES; HUMAN-TISSUES; FAMILY;
3-METHYLCHOLANTHRENE; CYTOCHROME-P-450; TRANSFERASES; CARCINOGENS;
CHEMICALS; MEMBERS
AB P-Glycoprotein the multidrug resistance (mdr) efflux transporter is encoded by class 1 mdr genes (mdr1) in humans and rodent species. In rat liver and in rat hepatocytes in primary culture, expression of mdr1 genes can be induced with the carcinogenic aromatic amine 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF). As a consequence, increased P-glycoprotein levels led to an accelerated efflux of vinblastine from the hepatocytes and to resistance towards vinblastine-mediated cytotoxicity. N-Hydroxylation, an obligatory initial step in the activation of 2-AAF into electrophilic DNA-binding metabolites is catalyzed predominantly by cytochrome P450 (CYP)1A2, an isozyme present in normal rat liver. In rat hepatocytes in primary culture, mdr1 induction with 2-AAF could be inhibited by addition of the CYP1A-inhibitor alpha-naphthoflavone, indicating the requirement for metabolic conversion of 2-AAF to act as an inducer of mdr1 gene expression. Both N-hydroxy-2-AAF and the mutagenic 2-AAF derivative N-acetoxy-2-AAF (AAAF) were more potent than 2-AAF as mdr1 inducers. mdr1 induction also decreased when deacetylation of AAAF, which strongly accelerates its conversion into a mutagen, was inhibited with paraoxon. Furthermore, rat liver epithelial cells stably transfected with mouse CYP1A2 showed inducibility of mdr1 gene expression with 2-AAF, whereas the parental cell line, which is devoid of CYP1A2 activity, did not. These findings indicate that electrophilic metabolites formed during 2-AAF or AAAF metabolism are responsible for mdr1 induction in rat hepatocytes. The increased mdr1 gene expression mag reflect an adaptive cellular response to electrophiles which includes enhanced synthesis of P-glycoprotein aimed to protect the cell from further damage.
C1 MRC,TOXICOL UNIT,LEICESTER,ENGLAND.
NCI,EXPTL CARCINOGENESIS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
RP SCHRENK, D (reprint author), UNIV TUBINGEN,INST TOXICOL,D-72074 TUBINGEN,GERMANY.
NR 46
TC 44
Z9 44
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM
PI OXFORD
PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP
SN 0143-3334
J9 CARCINOGENESIS
JI Carcinogenesis
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 15
IS 11
BP 2541
EP 2546
DI 10.1093/carcin/15.11.2541
PG 6
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA PT041
UT WOS:A1994PT04100021
PM 7955103
ER
PT J
AU HUITFELDT, HS
BELAND, FA
FULLERTON, NF
POIRIER, MC
AF HUITFELDT, HS
BELAND, FA
FULLERTON, NF
POIRIER, MC
TI IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL AND MICROFLUOROMETRIC DETERMINATION OF HEPATIC DNA
ADDUCT REMOVAL IN RATS FED 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE
SO CARCINOGENESIS
LA English
DT Article
ID LIVER-CELL POPULATIONS; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS; B6C3F1 MICE; REPAIR;
N-HYDROXY-2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE; PROLIFERATION; INITIATION; BINDING
AB Biphasic removal of DNA adducts has previously been demonstrated by radioimmunoassay in whole liver DNA from rats chronically fed 2-acetylaminofluorene for 28 days. In the present study, removal of N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-aminofluorene was observed in situ by microfluorometry. Frozen liver sections from animals fed 0.02% 2-acetylaminofluorene for 28 days, followed by a control diet for 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days, were examined immunohistochemically for localization of N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-aminofluorene with fluorescein-conjugated secondary antiserum. In addition, bile ducts and oval cells were stained with antibodies to keratins using Texas red-labelled indirect immunofluorescence. Hoechst dye was used to identify DNA in nuclei. During the 28 days on the control diet, after 28 days of feeding 2-acetylaminofluorene, the DNA adduct concentrations of parenchymal liver cells were reduced by 85%, as compared to animals fed only the carcinogen for 28 days. Periportal hepatocytes exhibited biphasic (fast and slow) adduct removal. Only fast adduct removal was demonstrated in midzonal and centrilobular hepatocytes, since the adduct levels were below the detectable range in these regions after 7 days on the control diet. After 28 days on the control diet, N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-aminofluorene was detected in similar to 50% of periportal hepatocytes. These results are compatible with the previously observed biphasic removal profile determined by radioimmunoassay of whole liver DNA adducts and indicate that periportal hepatocytes remove adducts from two distinct genomic compartments.
C1 NATL INST PUBL HLTH,DEPT ENVIRONM MED,N-0462 OSLO 4,NORWAY.
NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
NCI,CELLULAR CARCINOGENESIS & TUMOR PROMOT LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
RP HUITFELDT, HS (reprint author), UNIV OSLO,NATL HOSP,RIKSHOSP,IMMUNOHISTOCHEM & IMMUNOPATHOL LAB,N-0027 OSLO 1,NORWAY.
NR 24
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM
PI OXFORD
PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP
SN 0143-3334
J9 CARCINOGENESIS
JI Carcinogenesis
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 15
IS 11
BP 2599
EP 2603
DI 10.1093/carcin/15.11.2599
PG 5
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA PT041
UT WOS:A1994PT04100030
PM 7955112
ER
PT J
AU FRIESEN, MD
KADERLIK, K
LIN, DX
GARREN, L
BARTSCH, H
LANG, NP
KADLUBAR, FF
AF FRIESEN, MD
KADERLIK, K
LIN, DX
GARREN, L
BARTSCH, H
LANG, NP
KADLUBAR, FF
TI ANALYSIS OF DNA-ADDUCTS OF
2-AMINO-1-METHYL-6-PHENYLIMIDAZO[4,5-B]PYRIDINE IN RAT AND HUMAN TISSUES
BY ALKALINE-HYDROLYSIS AND GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY ELECTRON-CAPTURE
MASS-SPECTROMETRY - VALIDATION BY COMPARISON WITH P-32 POSTLABELING
SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HETEROCYCLIC AMINES; AROMATIC-AMINES; COOKED FOOD; PHIP; CARCINOGEN;
SMOKERS; ASSAY; IDENTIFICATION; ACTIVATION; MUTAGENS
AB A sensitive and specific method has been developed to measure levels of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) adducted to DNA in tissues. The method is based on alkaline hydrolysis of PhIP from DNA, followed by organic solvent extraction, derivatization to form the electron-capturing bis(pentafluorobenzyl) derivative, and analysis by gas chromatography/electron capture mass spectrometry (GC/MS) using a deuterium-labeled internal standard. The method can detect PhIP-DNA adducts at levels down to 0.03 fmol of PhIP/mu g of DNA (1 PhIP adduct/10(8) normal nucleotides) for a 100 mu g sample of DNA. The method is reproducible for sample sizes ranging up to at least 1000 mu g of DNA. A series of 20 DNA samples from 5 tissues of rats treated with a single oral dose of PhIP were analyzed both by alkaline hydrolysis-GC/MS and by P-32-postlabeling. Results from the two methods were highly correlated (r(2) = 0.83), with adduct levels determined by alkaline hydrolysis-GC/MS averaging about 60% of the levels determined by P-32-postlabeling. A pilot survey of 24 individual human tissue DNA samples, including pancreas (n = 12), colon mucosa (n = 6), and urinary bladder epithelium (n = 6), was carried out by alkaline hydrolysis-GC/MS and P-32-postlabeling. Both methods provided evidence for PhIP-DNA adducts in two of the colon samples, but not in the samples from human pancreas or urinary bladder.
C1 INT AGCY RES CANC,F-69372 LYON 08,FRANCE.
NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,CTR CANC RES,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205.
RI Friesen, Marlin/D-7328-2012
NR 39
TC 118
Z9 119
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0893-228X
J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL
JI Chem. Res. Toxicol.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 1994
VL 7
IS 6
BP 733
EP 739
DI 10.1021/tx00042a004
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology
GA PT194
UT WOS:A1994PT19400004
PM 7696526
ER
PT J
AU HERRENOSAENZ, D
EVANS, FE
FU, PP
AF HERRENOSAENZ, D
EVANS, FE
FU, PP
TI NITROREDUCTION OF 1- AND 3-NITRO-7,8,9,10-TETRAHYDROBENZO[A]PYRENE AND
1-NITROBENZO[A]PYRENE RESULTING IN FORMATION OF N-2-DEOXYGUANOSINYL
ADDUCTS THROUGH LONG-RANGE MIGRATION
SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; DIRECT-ACTING MUTAGENICITY; RAT-LIVER
MICROSOMES; HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; DNA ADDUCTS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM;
C8-MODIFIED DEOXYGUANOSINE; P-32-POSTLABELING ANALYSIS; ELECTROCHEMICAL
OXIDATION; INVITRO REACTION
AB We recently reported that the reaction of N-hydroxy-3-aminobenzo[a]pyrene with calf thymus DNA produced 6-(deoxyguanosin-N-2-yl)-3-aminobenzo[a]pyrene as the predominant adduct. The deoxyguanosinyl group of this adduct resides at the C6 position, which is remote from the reaction site, the nitrenium ion. It is significant to determine if formation of this type of DNA adduct is general and whether or not adduct formation is due to an increase in the stabilization of the nitrenium ion by increasing aromaticity. Thus, reduction of 1-nitro-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene, 3-nitro-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene, and 1-nitrobenzo[a]pyrene, both chemically and enzymatically, followed by reaction with calf thymus DNA was investigated. DNA was isolated and enzymatically digested, and the resulting modified nucleosides were separated by HPLC. Upon spectral analyses by mass and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, 6-(deoxyguanosin-N-2-yl)-1-amino-7,8,9, 10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene, 6-(deoxyguanosin-N-2-yl)-3-amino-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene, and 6-(deoxyguanosin-N-2-yl)-1-aminobenzo[a]pyrene were identified, respectively. The same DNA adducts were formed from xanthine oxidase-mediated reductive metabolism of 1-nitro-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene, 3-nitro-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene, and 1-nitrobenzo[a]pyrene in the presence of calf thymus DNA. These results indicate that formation of N-2-deoxyguanosinyl adducts of this type is common and that increasing the aromaticity by increasing the number of aromatic rings is not a decisive factor in directing their formation.
C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
NR 42
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0893-228X
J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL
JI Chem. Res. Toxicol.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 1994
VL 7
IS 6
BP 806
EP 814
DI 10.1021/tx00042a014
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology
GA PT194
UT WOS:A1994PT19400014
PM 7696536
ER
PT J
AU LYNN, F
BURNETTE, WN
SIBER, GR
ARCINIEGA, JL
AF LYNN, F
BURNETTE, WN
SIBER, GR
ARCINIEGA, JL
TI HUMAN-ANTIBODY RESPONSE TO THE B-OLIGOMER OF PERTUSSIS TOXIN
SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ISLET-ACTIVATING PROTEIN; LYMPHOCYTOSIS-PROMOTING FACTOR;
BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ADP-RIBOSYLATION;
MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; A-SUBUNIT; CELL; VACCINES; EPITOPES
AB To determine whether antibodies to the B oligomer of pertussis toxin (PT) were present in patients diagnosed with pertussis or vaccinees who had received diphtheria-tetanus-whole-cell pertussis vaccine, we analyzed serum samples from 5 patients and 10 vaccinees by both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western immunoblotting techniques. Antibodies to the B oligomer were detected by ELISA in all samples containing antibodies to holotoxin. Western immunoblotting procedures were less efficient than ELISA techniques for detecting antibodies to the B oligomer. Antibodies which inhibit the ability of the B oligomer to agglutinate erythrocytes were detected in purified human immunoglobulin preparations. In addition, serum samples containing antibodies to PT inhibited the binding of purified B oligomer and holotoxin to a 165-kDa glycoprotein which has been considered a potential PT receptor in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. These results suggest that antibodies to the B oligomer contribute to the human serologic response to PT, but their detection and characterization require appropriate methods.
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,1401 ROCKVILLE PIKE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852.
AMGEN INC,THOUSAND OAKS,CA 91320.
MASSACHUSETTS PUBL HLTH BIOL LAB,BOSTON,MA 02130.
RI Burnette, W. Neal/G-9784-2011
OI Burnette, W. Neal/0000-0002-7579-0997
NR 34
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 1071-412X
J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN
JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol.
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 1
IS 6
BP 626
EP 632
PG 7
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA PV209
UT WOS:A1994PV20900003
PM 8556512
ER
PT J
AU MAENO, Y
FUJIOKA, H
HOLLINGDALE, MR
OCKENHOUSE, CF
NAKAZAWA, S
AIKAWA, M
AF MAENO, Y
FUJIOKA, H
HOLLINGDALE, MR
OCKENHOUSE, CF
NAKAZAWA, S
AIKAWA, M
TI ULTRASTRUCTURAL-LOCALIZATION OF CD36 IN HUMAN HEPATIC SINUSOIDAL LINING
CELLS, HEPATOCYTES, HUMAN HEPATOMA (HEPG2-A1G) CELLS, AND C32 AMELANOTIC
MELANOMA-CELLS
SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE PLATELET GLYCOPROTEIN IV; HUMAN LIVER; HUMAN HEPATOMA CELL; C32
AMELANOTIC MELANOMA CELL; IMMUNOELECTRON MICROSCOPY
ID FALCIPARUM-INFECTED ERYTHROCYTES; HUMAN CEREBRAL MALARIA; VEIN
ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN;
ADHESION MOLECULE-1; SPOROZOITE INVASION; RECEPTOR; CYTOADHERENCE;
MEMBRANE
AB CD36 is expressed in the endothelial cells of some human organs, but the ultrastructural localization of this molecule in the sinusoidal lining cells of human liver is not well established. We report the ultrastructural localization of CD36 in the liver using a novel murine monoclonal antibody against CD36, namely MO30, as a primary antibody. Immunocytochemistry by the postembedding method showed that CD36 was localized in endothelial cells of sinusoids and in hepatocyte microvilli protruding into the space of Disse. Moreover, in cultured human hepatoma (HepG2-A16) cells and C32 amelanotic melanoma cells, MO30 reacted with microvilli. Hence, CD36 expressed on these cells may be involved in recognition and/or entry of these cells by malaria sporozoites. (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc.
C1 US FDA,CBER,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852.
WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT IMMUNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307.
RP MAENO, Y (reprint author), CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,INST PATHOL,2085 ADELBERT RD,CLEVELAND,OH 44106, USA.
FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-10645-22]
NR 27
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 0
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495
SN 0014-4894
J9 EXP PARASITOL
JI Exp. Parasitol.
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 79
IS 3
BP 383
EP 390
DI 10.1006/expr.1994.1100
PG 8
WC Parasitology
SC Parasitology
GA PR139
UT WOS:A1994PR13900016
PM 7525338
ER
PT J
AU WYSOWSKI, DK
FOURCROY, JL
AF WYSOWSKI, DK
FOURCROY, JL
TI SAFETY OF FLUTAMIDE
SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY
LA English
DT Letter
ID HEPATOTOXICITY
RP WYSOWSKI, DK (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 5
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE
PI BIRMINGHAM
PA 1209 MONTGOMERY HIGHWAY, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35216-2809
SN 0015-0282
J9 FERTIL STERIL
JI Fertil. Steril.
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 62
IS 5
BP 1089
EP 1089
PG 1
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology
GA PN136
UT WOS:A1994PN13600036
PM 7926126
ER
PT J
AU HANNAH, JH
MENOZZI, FD
RENAULD, G
LOCHT, C
BRENNAN, MJ
AF HANNAH, JH
MENOZZI, FD
RENAULD, G
LOCHT, C
BRENNAN, MJ
TI SULFATED GLYCOCONJUGATE RECEPTORS FOR THE BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS ADHESIN
FILAMENTOUS HEMAGGLUTININ (FHA) AND MAPPING OF THE HEPARIN-BINDING
DOMAIN ON FHA
SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
LA English
DT Article
ID RESPIRATORY-EPITHELIAL-CELLS; HERPES-SIMPLEX VIRUS;
MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; VIRULENT BORDETELLA;
MAMMALIAN-CELLS; PROTEIN; ADHERENCE; SEQUENCE; PROTEOGLYCANS
AB Filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) is a major adhesin present on the surface of the gram-negative respiratory pathogen Bordetella pertussis. A number of binding mechanisms have been described for the interaction of FHA with eukaryotic cells. We have focused on its function as a sulfated polysaccharide-binding protein and on identifying potential receptors for FHA on the epithelial cell surface. Using a thin-layer overlay technique, we found that FHA binds specifically to sulfated glycolipids but not to gangliosides or other neutral glycolipids. These results suggest that epithelial cell surface sulfated glycolipids function as receptors for FHA. Further studies demonstrated that a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell strain deficient in glycosaminoglycan expression exhibits greatly diminished attachment to FHA. By FRA-Affi-Gel chromatography, a putative receptor for FHA that has characteristics consistent with a heparan sulfate proteoglycan was isolated from epithelial cell extracts. In addition, by using recombinant FHA fusion proteins, a specific glycosaminoglycan-binding domain located near the N terminus of the FHA molecule was identified. Our results indicate that the B. pertussis adhesin FHA may utilize sulfated glycolipids and proteoglycans commonly found on the surface of human cells and tissues to initiate infection.
C1 INST PASTEUR,MICROBIOL GENET & MOLEC LAB,INSERM,CJF9109,F-59019 LILLE,FRANCE.
INST PASTEUR,CTR IMMUNOL & BIOL PARASITAIRE,CNRS 624,INSERM 167,F-59019 LILLE,FRANCE.
RP HANNAH, JH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,HFM-431,1401 ROCKVILLE PIKE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA.
NR 53
TC 77
Z9 81
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0019-9567
J9 INFECT IMMUN
JI Infect. Immun.
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 62
IS 11
BP 5010
EP 5019
PG 10
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA PN304
UT WOS:A1994PN30400045
PM 7927782
ER
PT J
AU BINIENDA, Z
SCALLET, AC
AF BINIENDA, Z
SCALLET, AC
TI THE EFFECTS OF REDUCED PERFUSION AND REPERFUSION ON C-FOS AND HSP-72
PROTEIN IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY IN GESTATIONAL DAY-21 RAT BRAINS
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE ISCHEMIA; HYPOXIA; C-FOS; HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; HIPPOCAMPUS; PERINATAL
ID ISCHEMIA; HIPPOCAMPUS; INDUCTION; INJURY; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION;
SEIZURES; CALCIUM; STRESS; DEATH
AB Metabolic stressors such as hyperthermia, seizures and ischemic hypoxia result in the induction of c-fos and heat-shock proteins (HSP) in affected brain cells of the adult rodent, especially within the hippocampal region, which normally has high metabolic demands. Here we ligated the uterine vessels of gestational day (GD) 21 rat pups to produce ischemic hypoxia. We confirmed that HSP-72 protein, as previously reported, was activated in the perinatal rat pup, especially in the hippocampal CA3 region. However, the capability of hippocampal cells to produce c-fos protein following drug-induced seizures has been reported to develop only after postnatal day 13. Here, ischemic hypoxia caused CA1 hippocampal cells to produce immunohistochemically detectable c-fos protein in GD-21 rats. These results seem to contradict the previous reports of no c-fos induction in rats this young by demonstrating a functional c-fos translational mechanism by GD-21. However, seizure vs ischemic hypoxia-induced c-fos expression may involve several different pre-translational pathways. A delayed development of a receptor, second messenger, or genomic element for regulating c-fos transcription remain as possible explanations for the late maturity of responsivity to seizures.
RP BINIENDA, Z (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,HFT-132 3900 NCTR DR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 19
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0736-5748
J9 INT J DEV NEUROSCI
JI Int. J. Dev. Neurosci.
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 12
IS 7
BP 605
EP 610
DI 10.1016/0736-5748(94)90012-4
PG 6
WC Developmental Biology; Neurosciences
SC Developmental Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA PW087
UT WOS:A1994PW08700001
PM 7900542
ER
PT J
AU ANG, CYW
LIU, F
SUN, T
AF ANG, CYW
LIU, F
SUN, T
TI DEVELOPMENT OF A DYNAMIC HEADSPACE GC METHOD FOR ASSESSING THE INFLUENCE
OF HEATING END-POINT TEMPERATURE ON VOLATILES OF CHICKEN BREAST MEAT
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE HEADSPACE GC; HEATING TEMPERATURE; POULTRY MEAT; VOLATILES
ID WARMED-OVER FLAVOR; BROILER BREAST
AB A dynamic headspace GC method was developed for the: analysis of volatile compounds from frozen, stored chicken breast meat previously heat-treated to various end-point temperatures (EPTs) from 60 to 80 degrees C. Skinless, ground chicken breast meat was heated to various internal EPTs at 5 degrees C intervals in a water bath and then stored frozen. Samples were analyzed by a purge and trap dynamic headspace GC system with a HP-5 50 m x 0.32 mm x 1.05 mu m column (cross-linked 5% phenyl methyl silicone). Optimum parameters of the dynamic headspace system were developed. Dependent on sample treatment, approximately 50 compounds were detectable by this method. Most of these volatile compounds increased in peak areas and peak heights as the EPT increased, particularly between 60 and 70 degrees C. The dynamic headspace GC profile is highly correlated to EPT of previously heated chicken breast meat under controlled conditions. Major volatiles identified included pentanal, hexanal, heptanal, propanol, 2-methylpropanal, 2,3-butanedione, 2-butanone, 3-methylbutanal, 1-penten-3-ol, dimethyl disulfide, heptanone, 7-octen-4-ol, and nonanal.
C1 UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT FOOD SCI & TECHNOL,ATHENS,GA 30602.
US FOOD SAFETY & INSPECT SERV,DIV SCI,EASTERN LAB,ATHENS,GA 30604.
USDA ARS,RICHARD B RUSSELL AGR RES CTR,ATHENS,GA.
RP ANG, CYW (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV CHEM,3900 NCTR RD,HFT-230,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 19
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0021-8561
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 42
IS 11
BP 2493
EP 2498
DI 10.1021/jf00047a023
PG 6
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PT635
UT WOS:A1994PT63500023
ER
PT J
AU CUNNINGHAM, WC
ANDERSON, DL
BARATTA, EJ
AF CUNNINGHAM, WC
ANDERSON, DL
BARATTA, EJ
TI RADIONUCLIDES IN DOMESTIC AND IMPORTED FOODS IN THE UNITED-STATES,
1987-1992
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID TOTAL DIET; REVISION
AB Findings from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Radionuclides in Foods program are summarized for foods collected between October 1, 1986, and September 30, 1992. Concentrations of radionuclide activity in the Total Diet Study and reactor-survey foods were in Range I or low in Range II of the surveillance and control recommendations of the Federal Radiation Council; no control actions were suggested. Dietary intake of Sr-90 continued the general decline observed since 1961. Approximately 2600 test portions of imported foods were analyzed for contamination associated with the Chernobyl nuclear accident. Concentrations of radionuclide activity were below limits of detection for the vast majority of the imported food test portions but were above the levels of concern for 23 portions. Since 1986, the fraction of imported food test portions having measurable amounts of contamination has steadily declined, as have the average concentrations of radionuclide activity; however, contamination is still occasionally found. Continued monitoring of both domestic and imported foods is planned.
C1 US FDA,WINCHESTER ENGN & ANALYT CTR,WINCHESTER,MA 01890.
RP CUNNINGHAM, WC (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,ELEMENTAL RES BRANCH HFS338,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 17
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 0
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 1994
VL 77
IS 6
BP 1422
EP 1427
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PW574
UT WOS:A1994PW57400008
PM 7819751
ER
PT J
AU SCHERMERHORN, PG
MUNNS, RK
AF SCHERMERHORN, PG
MUNNS, RK
TI DETERMINATION OF LEUCOGENTIAN VIOLET IN CHICKEN FAT BY
LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH ELECTROCHEMICAL AND ULTRAVIOLET DETECTION -
INTERLABORATORY STUDY
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
AB A laboratory trial was completed for a liquid chromatographic method that can quantitate leucogentian violet (LGV) in chicken fat at 10 ppb. With this method, LGV is isolated from the fat matrix by a series of liquid-liquid extractions. This trial evaluated 2 detection systems: electrochemical (EC) and ultraviolet (UV). The participating laboratories determined incurred residues at 2 levels as well as fat samples fortified at 5, 10, and 20 ppb. Using UV detection, the 3 laboratories reported the following range of recoveries: 71.0-89.6% at 5 ppb, 74.7-83.9% at 10 ppb, and 77.2-79.0% at 20 ppb. When these same samples were chromatographed with EC detection, the 2 reporting laboratories obtained the following average recoveries: 79.0 and 92.5% at 5 ppb, 75.9 and 85.4% at 10 ppb, and 77.3 and 79.8% at 20 ppb. The average concentrations found for the first level of incurred sample were 6.3, 6.3, and 5.4 ppb with coefficients of variation (CVs) of 2.4, 7.6, and 33.7%, respectively, when UV detection was used. Samples chromatographed with EC detection averaged 6.3 and 6.4 ppb with CVs of 4.0 and 8.2%, respectively. The second level of incurred sample gave average concentrations of 27.6, 29.0, and 10.9 ppb with CVs of 11.0, 5.0, and 42.8%, respectively, when the UV detection system was used. With the EC detector, the concentrations averaged 27.2 and 30.7 ppb with CVs of 15.7 and 3.5%, respectively.
C1 US FDA,DENVER FED CTR,CTR ANIM DRUG RES,DENVER,CO 80225.
RP SCHERMERHORN, PG (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,BLDG 328-A,RARC E,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA.
NR 3
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 2
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 1994
VL 77
IS 6
BP 1454
EP 1460
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PW574
UT WOS:A1994PW57400014
PM 7819753
ER
PT J
AU WISNESKI, HH
YATES, RL
HAVERY, DC
AF WISNESKI, HH
YATES, RL
HAVERY, DC
TI DETERMINATION OF MUSK AMBRETTE IN FRAGRANCE PRODUCTS BY CAPILLARY
GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH ELECTRON-CAPTURE DETECTION - INTERLABORATORY
STUDY
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID GUINEA-PIGS; CONTACT; PHOTOSENSITIVITY; PHOTOALLERGY; DERMATITIS; FOODS
AB A gas chromatographic method that uses an internal standard additions technique is described for the determination of musk ambrette (MA) in fragrance products. A solution containing the product and a known amount of an internal standard, musk tibetene (MT), is injected directly into a gas chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector. The chromatographic separation of the components on a wide-bore fused silica capillary column is recorded and a response constant is calculated from MA and MT peak heights. A similar response constant is also calculated for a standard solution containing known concentrations of MA and MT. The MA content of the fragrance product is then calculated. Average recoveries of MA from fragrance products ranged from 97.6 to 102.3%. The method was also evaluated collaboratively by 6 laboratories. In this study, the reproducibility relative standard deviation for MA in 6 fragrance test samples ranged from 2.78 to 22.87%.
RP WISNESKI, HH (reprint author), US FDA,DIV SCI & APPL TECHNOL,COSMET TECHNOL BRANCH,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 28
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 1994
VL 77
IS 6
BP 1467
EP 1471
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PW574
UT WOS:A1994PW57400016
PM 7819755
ER
PT J
AU LANDRY, WL
AF LANDRY, WL
TI IDENTIFICATION OF VIBRIO-VULNIFICUS BY CELLULAR FATTY-ACID COMPOSITION
USING THE HEWLETT-PACKARD 5898A MICROBIAL IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM -
COLLABORATIVE STUDY
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
AB A gas chromatographic method using a capillary column for rapid identification of Vibrio vulnificus was examined in a collaborative study. Identifications were performed by analysis of cellular fatty acid profiles which were automatically searched against reference profiles stored in a computer-generated library. Each of the 13 collaborators was sent 15 unknown isolates, which included 10 V. vulnificus isolates and 5 negative control isolates. Each collaborator was furnished with a computer-generated library, developed by the Dallas U.S. Food and Drug Administration laboratory, which contained entries for V. vulnificus, V. cholerae, V. fluvialis, V. parahaemolyticus, V. mimicus, and Aeromonas hydrophila. Of the 195 isolates sent to the collaborators, results for 190 isolates were received. The other 5 isolates were nonviable before analyses began. Of the 126 V. vulnificus isolates analyzed, 118(93.7%) were correctly identified. Of the 65 negative control isolates sent, one was nonviable, one was misidentified as V. vulnificus, and 2 were misidentified as V. parahaemolyticus. Of the 64 negative controls analyzed, 95.3% were correctly identified. Statistical analysis shows a sensitivity rate of 0.872, specificity rate of 0.982, false positive rate of 0.010, and false negative rate of 0.206. The gas chromatographic method for identification of Vibrio vulnificus by microbial fatty acid profile has been adopted first action by AOAC INTERNATIONAL.
RP LANDRY, WL (reprint author), US FDA,SW REG BIOTECHNOL LAB,3032 BRYAN ST,DALLAS,TX 75204, USA.
NR 14
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 1994
VL 77
IS 6
BP 1492
EP 1499
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PW574
UT WOS:A1994PW57400019
PM 7819758
ER
PT J
AU TRUCKSESS, MW
STACK, ME
NESHEIM, S
ALBERT, RH
ROMER, TR
AF TRUCKSESS, MW
STACK, ME
NESHEIM, S
ALBERT, RH
ROMER, TR
TI MULTIFUNCTIONAL COLUMN COUPLED WITH LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY FOR
DETERMINATION OF AFLATOXINS B-1, B-2, G(1), AND G(2) IN CORN, ALMONDS,
BRAZIL NUTS, PEANUTS, AND PISTACHIO NUTS - COLLABORATIVE STUDY
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
AB An AOAC/IUPAC collaborative study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a multifunctional column for the determination of aflatoxins. The test portion is extracted with acetonitrile-water (9 + 1), the extract is filtered, and the filtrate is passed through the column. The aflatoxins in the eluate are determined by reversed-phase liquid chromatography after derivatization with trifluoroacetic acid. Naturally contaminated corn, almonds, Brazil nuts, peanuts, and pistachio nuts spiked with total aflatoxins at 5, 10, 20, and 30 ng/g were sent to 12 collaborators in the United States, Denmark, France, Japan, and Switzerland. Eleven collaborators completed the study. Average recoveries of total aflatoxins for each spike level for the various commodities (excluding Brazil nuts at 5 ng/g) were 93, 97, 95, and 95%, respectively; the repeatability relative standard deviation (RSD(r)) ranged from 6.0 to 23.2% and the reproducibility relative standard deviation (RSD(R)) ranged from 12.0 to 69.4%. The multifunctional column coupled with a liquid chromatographic method for determination of aflatoxins in corn, almonds, Brazil nuts, peanuts, and pistachio nuts has been adopted first action by AOAC INTERNATIONAL.
C1 US FDA,DIV MATH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
ROMER LABS INC,UNION,MO 63084.
RP TRUCKSESS, MW (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NAT PROD,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 9
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 1994
VL 77
IS 6
BP 1512
EP 1521
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PW574
UT WOS:A1994PW57400022
ER
PT J
AU CANAS, BJ
JOE, FL
DIACHENKO, GW
BURNS, G
AF CANAS, BJ
JOE, FL
DIACHENKO, GW
BURNS, G
TI DETERMINATION OF ETHYL CARBAMATE IN ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND SOY-SAUCE BY
GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH MASS-SELECTIVE DETECTION - COLLABORATIVE STUDY
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID FOODS
AB A method using gas chromatography with mass selective detection for the determination of ethyl carbamate (EC; also known as urethane) in alcoholic beverages and soy sauce was collaboratively studied by 17 laboratories including authors' laboratories. The method uses prepacked columns for extraction of liquids with methylene chloride, and n-propyl carbamate as the internal standard. A practice sample and 6 samples of distilled spirits, fortified wines, table wines, and soy sauces were analyzed by each collaborator. Each matrix included blind duplicates of incurred and fortified EC at 3 levels. Distilled spirits contained 50-330 ng EC/g (ppb), fortified wine 40-160 ppb, table wine 10-50 ppb, and soy sauce 15-70 ppb. The ranges of the repeatability relative standard deviations, excluding outliers, were 4.03-6.63% for distilled spirits, 4.01-5.05% for fortified wine, 3.94-6.73% for table wine, acid 4.70-8.49% for soy sauce. The ranges of the reproducibility relative standard deviations, excluding outliers, were 8.53-9.49% for distilled spirits, 6.84-12.02% for fortified wine, 8.86-18.47% for table wine, and 13.87-27.37% for soy sauce. Recoveries of added EC ranged from 87 to 93%. Recoveries relative to reference values, labeled as the internal standard, obtained by using gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer ranged from 89 to 100%.
C1 US FDA, DIV PROD MFG & USE, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA.
ETS LABS, ST HELENA, CA 94574 USA.
RP US FDA, DIV NAT PROD, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA.
NR 12
TC 43
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 5
PU AOAC INT
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 N FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA
SN 1060-3271
EI 1944-7922
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 1994
VL 77
IS 6
BP 1530
EP 1536
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PW574
UT WOS:A1994PW57400024
PM 7819763
ER
PT J
AU MARTIN, JI
SOLIMAN, AM
AF MARTIN, JI
SOLIMAN, AM
TI DECREASING THE NUMBER OF POINTS IN THE STANDARD CURVE FOR DETERMINING
IRON IN FLOUR - SUMMARY OF COLLABORATIVE STUDY
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
AB Seven laboratories participated in a collaborative study conducted to (1) evaluate the effects of reducing the number of points for the standard curve in the AOAC Official Method for iron in flour 944.02A-944.02C(a) from 10 points to 5 points, and (2) compare the levels of iron found in foods by using the 10-point and 5-point standard curves. The 5 points (0.2, 0.6, 1.0, 1.4, and 1.8 mu g Fe/mL) were selected by eliminating every other standard point from the 10-point curve after correction for the reagent blank. No differences in the performance parameters between method versions were found when blind duplicate analysis was used to estimate the performance parameters for each sample analyzed. Results from 2 laboratories were excluded from statistical calculations because of failure to follow the specific instructions to increase the dilution when sample absorbance readings exceeded the highest standard point reading. The 5-point standard curve has been adopted first action in method 944.02 by AOAC INTERNATIONAL.
RP MARTIN, JI (reprint author), US FDA,60 8TH ST NE,ATLANTA,GA 30309, USA.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 1994
VL 77
IS 6
BP 1537
EP 1539
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PW574
UT WOS:A1994PW57400025
PM 7819764
ER
PT J
AU CHICHILA, TMP
ERNEY, DR
AF CHICHILA, TMP
ERNEY, DR
TI FULL SCAN CONFIRMATION OF TETRAHYDROPHTHALIMIDE IN WHOLE MILK USING
GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY ION-TRAP MASS-SPECTROMETRY
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID RESPONSE ENHANCEMENT; PESTICIDES
AB The determination of tetrahydrophthalimide (THPI) in whole milk extracts by gas chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometry (GC/ITMS) in the full-scan, electron impact (EI) mode is presented. THPI is first isolated from whole milk by a procedure including protein precipitation, liquid-liquid partitioning, and 2 solid-phase extraction (SPE) cleanup steps. GC/ITMS in the EI mode is used for the determinative step. The average recovery of THPI at fortification levels ranging from 5 to 54 ppb was 85.6% (n = 16, coefficient of variation = 9.13%). Full-scan mass spectral confirmation of THPI in milk extracts was obtained at the 5 ppb fortification level. The limit of detection was estimated to be 0.5 ppb. Chemical ionization also was used for THPI determination in whole milk extracts. The simultaneous isolation and determination of captan and captofol in whole milk are also discussed.
RP CHICHILA, TMP (reprint author), US FDA,PESTICIDES & IND CHEM RES CTR,1560 E JEFFERSON AVE,DETROIT,MI 48207, USA.
NR 14
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 1994
VL 77
IS 6
BP 1574
EP 1580
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PW574
UT WOS:A1994PW57400031
PM 7819767
ER
PT J
AU HAMMACK, TS
ANDREWS, WH
AMAGUANA, RM
JUNE, GA
SHERROD, PS
AF HAMMACK, TS
ANDREWS, WH
AMAGUANA, RM
JUNE, GA
SHERROD, PS
TI EFFECTIVENESS OF A ONE-DAY PROCEDURE FOR RECOVERY OF SALMONELLA FROM
MILK POWDERS
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Note
ID ENRICHMENT CONDITIONS; FOODS; PREENRICHMENT
AB A rapid procedure for enumerating Salmonella in milk powders was evaluated. Dry whole milk and instant nonfat dry milk were rehydrated, artificially inoculated with various numbers of Salmonella cells, and stomached. Test portions were then treated with Tween 80 and pancreatic trypsin, and incubated for 1 h at 30 degrees C. The incubated test portions were centrifuged at 10 000 x g for 15 min at 5 degrees C, and the resuspended pellets were plated on xylose lysine desoxycholate agar. The effectiveness of the procedure was expressed in terms of percentage recovery of the inoculum. The procedure, which was evaluated in 76 trials using 7 Salmonella serovars, recovered less than or equal to 73% of the inoculum for half of the trials conducted. Its effectiveness was dependent on the serovar, level of inoculation, and type of milk powder used.
RP HAMMACK, TS (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 1994
VL 77
IS 6
BP 1681
EP 1684
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PW574
UT WOS:A1994PW57400045
PM 7819772
ER
PT J
AU NG, LL
AF NG, LL
TI REVERSED-PHASE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF CROMOLYN SODIUM
IN DRUG SUBSTANCE AND SELECT DOSAGE FORMS
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Note
AB This study, presented as a technical communication, describes a reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method for select commercial formulations, namely, inhalation solution, nasal solution, capsule and inhalation aerosol. Miscellaneous validation parameters are also discussed.
RP NG, LL (reprint author), US FDA,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 1
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 1994
VL 77
IS 6
BP 1689
EP 1694
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PW574
UT WOS:A1994PW57400048
PM 7819773
ER
PT J
AU RACKE, MK
BONOMO, A
SCOTT, DE
CANNELLA, B
LEVINE, A
RAINE, CS
SHEVACH, EM
ROCKEN, M
AF RACKE, MK
BONOMO, A
SCOTT, DE
CANNELLA, B
LEVINE, A
RAINE, CS
SHEVACH, EM
ROCKEN, M
TI CYTOKINE-INDUCED IMMUNE DEVIATION AS A THERAPY FOR INFLAMMATORY
AUTOIMMUNE-DISEASE
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Note
ID EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; MYELIN
BASIC-PROTEIN; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; T-CELL CLONES; LEISHMANIA-MAJOR;
GENE-EXPRESSION; IFN-GAMMA; IL-4; MICE
AB The properties and outcome of an immune response are best predicted by the lymphokine phenotype of the responding T cells. Cytokines produced by CD4(+) T helper type 1 (Th1) T cells mediate delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) and inflammatory responses, whereas cytokines produced by Th2 T cells mediate helper T cell functions for antibody production. To determine whether induction of Th2-like cells would modulate an inflammatory response, interleukin 4 (IL-4) was administered to animals with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), a prototypic autoimmune disease produced by Th1-like T cells specific for myelin basic protein (MBP). IL-4 treatment resulted in amelioration of clinical disease, the induction of MBP-specific Th2 cells, diminished demyelination, and inhibition of the synthesis of inflammatory cytokines in the central nervous system (CNS). Modulation of an immune response from one dominated by excessive activity of Th1-like T cells to one dominated by the protective cytokines produced by Th2-like T cells may have applicability to the therapy of certain human autoimmune diseases.
C1 NIAID,IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NINCDS,NEUROIMMUNOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
US FDA,CTR BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED,DIV NEUROPATHOL,BRONX,NY 10461.
SEARLE MONSANTO CO,DEPT IMMUNOL,ST LOUIS,MO 63198.
NR 36
TC 506
Z9 515
U1 0
U2 4
PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021
SN 0022-1007
J9 J EXP MED
JI J. Exp. Med.
PD NOV 1
PY 1994
VL 180
IS 5
BP 1961
EP 1966
DI 10.1084/jem.180.5.1961
PG 6
WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA PP543
UT WOS:A1994PP54300039
PM 7525845
ER
PT J
AU MOTES, M
DEPAOLA, A
GINKEL, SZ
MCPHEARSON, M
AF MOTES, M
DEPAOLA, A
GINKEL, SZ
MCPHEARSON, M
TI OCCURRENCE OF TOXIGENIC VIBRIO-CHOLERAE O1 IN OYSTERS IN MOBILE BAY,
ALABAMA - AN ECOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION
LA English
DT Article
DE VIBRIO CHOLERAE O1; OYSTERS; ALABAMA
ID STATES GULF-COAST; UNITED-STATES; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE-O1; TOXIN;
SEROTYPE-O1; LOUISIANA; SEDIMENT; ESTUARY; STRAINS; GROUP-1
AB Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 Inaba, resembling the epidemic Latin American strains (C6706, 06707), was recovered from oysters taken from Mobile Bay, Alabama, on five separate occasions between July 1991 and September 1992. Levels of toxigenic V. cholerae in the oysters, estimated by the most probable number procedure, ranged from 10(1) to 10(7) per 100 g. Isolates characterized by pulsed field gel electrophoresis resembled isolates previously recovered from five cargo ships docked at Gulf of Mexico ports. This study details the first reported isolation of toxigenic V. cholerae O1 from oysters in U.S. coastal waters. As with the Gulf Coast strain, the occurrence of the epidemic strain seems to be sporadic and essentially limited to the warmer months.
RP MOTES, M (reprint author), US FDA,GULF COAST SEAFOOD LAB,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528, USA.
NR 39
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 2
PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC
PI DES MOINES
PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838
SN 0362-028X
J9 J FOOD PROTECT
JI J. Food Prot.
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 57
IS 11
BP 975
EP 980
PG 6
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
GA PW322
UT WOS:A1994PW32200005
ER
PT J
AU ROMAN, MG
HUMBER, JY
HALL, PA
REDDY, NR
SOLOMON, HM
TRISCOTT, MX
BEARD, GA
BOTTOMS, JD
CHENG, T
DOELLGAST, GJ
AF ROMAN, MG
HUMBER, JY
HALL, PA
REDDY, NR
SOLOMON, HM
TRISCOTT, MX
BEARD, GA
BOTTOMS, JD
CHENG, T
DOELLGAST, GJ
TI AMPLIFIED IMMUNOASSAY ELISA-ELCA FOR MEASURING CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM
TYPE-E NEUROTOXIN IN FISH FILLETS
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION
LA English
DT Article
DE C-BOTULINUM; NEUROTOXIN; ELISA; IMMUNOASSAY; AMPLIFICATION; COAGULATION
ID LINKED COAGULATION ASSAY; IMMUNOSORBENT
AB The measurement of Clostridium botulinum type E toxin in fish was accomplished using an amplified immunoassay (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-enzyme-linked coagulation assay [ELISA-ELCA]) based on the coagulation cascade. Fresh catfish fillets inoculated with a mixture of spores from five strains of C. botulinum type E were packaged in high barrier film with air, vacuum and modified atmosphere and stored at 4, 8 or 16 degrees C for up to 75 days. Toxin production was monitored during storage by both mouse bioassay (trypsin and non-trypsin treated) and ELISA-ELCA on the non-trypsinized samples. All 26 inoculated products that were positive by the mouse bioassay were also positive by ELISA-ELCA. Of 35 uninoculated samples which were not toxic in mouse bioassay, none were positive by ELISA-ELCA; of 73 inoculated samples which were not toxic by mouse bioassay, 14 had toxin measurable by the ELISA-ELCA. The position of these immunoassay-positives in the sampling sequence indicated that the toxin was identified by the immunoassay before it was found in the mouse bioassay. These results suggest that the ELISA-ELCA technique is a usable alternative to the mouse bioassay for monitoring C. botulinum type E toxin production in fish challenge studies.
C1 US FDA,NATL CTR FOOD SAFETY & TECHNOL,DIV FOOD PROC & PACKAGING,SUMMIT ARGO,IL 60501.
US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
ELCATECH INC,WINSTON SALEM,NC 27101.
WAKE FOREST UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,WINSTON SALEM,NC 27157.
RP ROMAN, MG (reprint author), KRAFT GEN FOODS INC,CTR TECHNOL,GLENVIEW,IL 60025, USA.
NR 6
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC
PI DES MOINES
PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838
SN 0362-028X
J9 J FOOD PROTECT
JI J. Food Prot.
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 57
IS 11
BP 985
EP 990
PG 6
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
GA PW322
UT WOS:A1994PW32200007
ER
PT J
AU HANSSON, L
VANZWIETEN, PA
MYERS, MG
REID, JL
RODICIO, JL
MENARD, J
LIPICKY, RJ
SALVETTI, A
PICKERING, TG
ZANCHETTI, A
AF HANSSON, L
VANZWIETEN, PA
MYERS, MG
REID, JL
RODICIO, JL
MENARD, J
LIPICKY, RJ
SALVETTI, A
PICKERING, TG
ZANCHETTI, A
TI METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE TROUGH-PEAK MEASUREMENT - DISCUSSION
SO JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
LA English
DT Discussion
C1 UNIV AMSTERDAM,DEPT PHARMACOTHERAPY,AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS.
UNIV AMSTERDAM,DEPT CARDIOL,AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS.
SUNNYBROOK MED CTR,DIV CARDIOL,TORONTO,ON M4N 3M5,CANADA.
UNIV TORONTO,DEPT MED,TORONTO,ON,CANADA.
HOSP 12 OCTUBRE,UNIDAD HYPERTENS,E-28041 MADRID,SPAIN.
HOP BROUSSAIS,CTR INVEST CLIN,F-75014 PARIS,FRANCE.
CORNELL UNIV,MED CTR,NEW YORK HOSP,CTR HYPERTENS,NEW YORK,NY 10021.
US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,OFF DRUG EVALUAT 1,DIV CARDIORENAL DRUG PROD,ROCKFIELD,MD 20852.
UNIV PISA,MED CLIN 1,DEPT INTERNAL MED,I-56100 PISA,ITALY.
OSPED POLICLIN,CTR FISIOL CLIN & IPERTENS,I-20122 MILAN,ITALY.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS
PI LONDON
PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH
SN 0263-6352
J9 J HYPERTENS
JI J. Hypertens.
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 12
SU 8
BP S27
EP S28
PG 2
WC Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA QA445
UT WOS:A1994QA44500006
ER
PT J
AU LIPICKY, RJ
AF LIPICKY, RJ
TI TROUGH-PEAK RATIO - THE RATIONALE BEHIND THE UNITED-STATES
FOOD-AND-DRUG-ADMINISTRATION RECOMMENDATIONS
SO JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Trough - Peak Ratio: Measurement, Limitations and Relevance
to Treatment of Hypertension
CY FEB 04, 1994
CL VIENNA, AUSTRIA
DE PEAK; TROUGH; DOSE INTERVAL; MULTIPLE-DOSE REGIMEN
AB Trough effect: For most formulations of most antihypertensive drugs which are administered in a chronic multiple-dose regimen, one of the requirements for approval is an estimate of the magnitude of effect (decrease in blood pressure minus that elicited with a placebo) obtained just before the next dose is taken. This estimate of effect is generally referred to as the 'trough' effect and is, by conventional practice (although not required to be), usually the effect before the first morning dose.
Peak effect: Another estimate of effect, which represents the maximum effect of any single dose administered during a multiple-dose regimen, is strongly recommended for most drugs for most indications. This estimate of effect is generally referred to as the 'peak' effect and is, by conventional practice, usually the effect of the first morning dose measured a few hours after the dose is taken.
Trough:peak ratio: The two measurements, trough and peak, are intended to estimate the duration of effect of a single dose. Generally, if 50-75% of the peak effect of a dose is preserved at trough, issues concerning the proper dosing interval do not arise. The closer to no loss of effect throughout the dosing interval the better.
RP LIPICKY, RJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,OFF DRUG EVALUAT 1,DIV CARDIORENAL DRUG PROD,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKFIELD,MD 20852, USA.
NR 0
TC 49
Z9 51
U1 0
U2 0
PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS
PI LONDON
PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH
SN 0263-6352
J9 J HYPERTENS
JI J. Hypertens.
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 12
SU 8
BP S17
EP S19
PG 3
WC Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA QA445
UT WOS:A1994QA44500004
PM 7707150
ER
PT J
AU KELLER, SE
STEWART, DS
GENDEL, SM
AF KELLER, SE
STEWART, DS
GENDEL, SM
TI APPLICATION OF PATTERN-RECOGNITION TO MONITORING FERMENTATIONS OF
BACILLUS-AMYLOLIQUEFACIENS
SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE PATTERN RECOGNITION; BACILLUS-AMYLOLIQUEFACIENS; CHARACTERIZATION;
CLASSIFICATION; FERMENTATION
ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PROFILES; STRAINS
AB Pattern recognition techniques were applied to analytical data to distinguish abnormal from normal microbial fermentations using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens as a model system. Patterns of fermentation end products during growth of B. amyloliquefaciens were obtained from HPLC analysis of broth samples. Data were also obtained from fermentations using other bacterial species, strains, and environmental conditions, and were compared with the model data set. The bacterial species cultured included B. subtilus, B. licheniformis, and Escherichia coli. Environmental variables included aeration and temperature. The chromatographic patterns were compared by using hierarchical cluster and principal component analysis to obtain a quantitative measure of their similarity and to establish the normal variability within a model data set. Statistical analysis of the data indicated that individual fermentations can be assigned to distinct clusters on the basis of their divergence from the model system. Altered environments and other species can be identified as outliers from the model set. These results show that pattern recognition analysis has direct applicability to monitoring fermentation processes.
RP KELLER, SE (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR FOOD SAFETY & TECHNOL,6502 S ARCHER RD,SUMMIT ARGO,IL 60501, USA.
NR 14
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU STOCKTON PRESS
PI BASINGSTOKE
PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HANTS, ENGLAND RG21 2XS
SN 0169-4146
J9 J IND MICROBIOL
JI J. Indust. Microbiol.
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 13
IS 6
BP 382
EP 388
DI 10.1007/BF01577223
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA PY266
UT WOS:A1994PY26600008
ER
PT J
AU TRAN, TT
HITCHINS, AD
AF TRAN, TT
HITCHINS, AD
TI MICROBIAL SURVEY OF SHARED-USE COSMETIC TEST KITS AVAILABLE TO THE
PUBLIC
SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE SHARED-USE COSMETICS; COSMETIC TEST KITS; MICROBIAL SURVEY
AB Some people like to try cosmetics before purchasing them. With repeated use by different customers, however, the tester kits provided by many retail outlets can become potential vectors of microbial pathogens. A survey was conducted to assess the health risk from bacteria found on shared-use cosmetics. A total of 3027 shared-use cosmetic product samples were collected from 171 retail establishments throughout the contiguous United States. Eye, face and lip cosmetics were tested with in situ nondestructive swabbing and the use of the Transette 3R Modified Amies Charcoal Culture and Transport System. Bacteria were isolated from about 50% of the items for all three categories. Semiquantitatively-estimated mean densities were 2288, 1685 and 1088 CFU g-1 for eye, face and lip products, respectively. Ranges for all categories were 0-10(5) CFU g-1. About 5% of the items had bacterial counts above 5000 CFU g-1 (eye products) or 10 000 CFU g-1 (other products). More than 60% of isolates were typical of microflora from human skin; the remainder were environmental microbes. About 60% of the isolates were Gram-positive cocci: Staphylococcus spp. (especially S. epidermidis) and Micrococcus spp. The Gram-negative pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa constituted 0.07% of the isolates. The survey results suggest that the preservation systems of some of the cosmetics failed under excessive use (abuse), and indicated a potential for microbiological safety problems with shared-use cosmetics.
C1 US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL STUDIES,HFS-516,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
NR 8
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 5
PU STOCKTON PRESS
PI BASINGSTOKE
PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HANTS, ENGLAND RG21 2XS
SN 0169-4146
J9 J IND MICROBIOL
JI J. Indust. Microbiol.
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 13
IS 6
BP 389
EP 391
DI 10.1007/BF01577224
PG 3
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA PY266
UT WOS:A1994PY26600009
ER
PT J
AU CHUNGUE, E
POLI, L
ROCHE, C
GESTAS, P
GLAZIOU, P
MARKOFF, LJ
AF CHUNGUE, E
POLI, L
ROCHE, C
GESTAS, P
GLAZIOU, P
MARKOFF, LJ
TI CORRELATION BETWEEN DETECTION OF PLASMINOGEN CROSS-REACTIVE ANTIBODIES
AND HEMORRHAGE IN DENGUE VIRUS-INFECTION
SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Note
ID FRENCH-POLYNESIA
AB Although dengue fever (DF) is usually self-limited, some patients experience severe and prolonged illness characterized by capillary leakage, which may progress to hypovolemic shock (dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome; DHF/DSS) with hemorrhage of unknown etiology. Development of antibodies potentially cross-reactive to plasminogen has been reported in a high percentage ofThai patients with DF and DHF/DSS. Correlation between detection of plasminogen cross-reactive antibodies and hemorrhage was evaluated in 88 Tahitian children with dengue virus type 3 infection who presented with (n = 59) or without (n = 29) hemorrhage. Plasminogen cross-reactive antibodies were found in acute and convalescent sera of 33 and 11 children, respectively (56% vs. 31%, P < .05), and closely paralleled antibodies to the cross-reactive site in dengue virus E protein. Antibodies were more frequent in children with secondary than primary infections (60% vs. 32%, P < .05). Plasminogen cross-reactive antibodies did not correlate with occurrence of DHF/DSS or thrombocytopenia. These results are consistent with the possibility that plasminogen cross-reactive antibodies play a role in the etiology of hemorrhage in dengue virus infection.
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOLOG EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIRAL PROD,VECTOR BORNE VIRUS DIS LAB,BETHESDA,MD.
CTR HOSP TERRORIAL,PAPEETE,FR POLYNESIA.
RP CHUNGUE, E (reprint author), CTR HOSP TERRITORIAL,INST TERRITORIAL RECH MED LOUIS MALARDE,POB 30,PAPEETE,FR POLYNESIA.
NR 15
TC 40
Z9 43
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637
SN 0022-1899
J9 J INFECT DIS
JI J. Infect. Dis.
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 170
IS 5
BP 1304
EP 1307
PG 4
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA PN668
UT WOS:A1994PN66800041
PM 7963733
ER
PT J
AU ADA, G
ALBRECHT, P
BEALE, J
BELLINI, WJ
BLOOM, B
CHOPPIN, PW
CHU, CM
CLEMENTS, CJ
CUTTS, F
DEQUADROS, C
GELLIN, BG
GRIFFIN, DE
HALSTEAD, SB
HENDERSON, DA
HILL, T
JOHN, TJ
KATZ, SL
KUNOSAKAI, H
LAMBERT, PH
LUCAS, A
MARKOWITZ, LE
MARTINEZ, LJ
MEEGAN, J
MIMS, C
MINOR, P
NATHANSON, N
NORRBY, E
OLDSTONE, MBA
OSTERHAUS, ADME
PERVIKOV, Y
RUSSELL, PK
SCOTT, RM
SHEPARD, D
TERMEULEN, V
AF ADA, G
ALBRECHT, P
BEALE, J
BELLINI, WJ
BLOOM, B
CHOPPIN, PW
CHU, CM
CLEMENTS, CJ
CUTTS, F
DEQUADROS, C
GELLIN, BG
GRIFFIN, DE
HALSTEAD, SB
HENDERSON, DA
HILL, T
JOHN, TJ
KATZ, SL
KUNOSAKAI, H
LAMBERT, PH
LUCAS, A
MARKOWITZ, LE
MARTINEZ, LJ
MEEGAN, J
MIMS, C
MINOR, P
NATHANSON, N
NORRBY, E
OLDSTONE, MBA
OSTERHAUS, ADME
PERVIKOV, Y
RUSSELL, PK
SCOTT, RM
SHEPARD, D
TERMEULEN, V
TI A BELLAGIO CONSENSUS
SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
C1 AUSTRALIAN NATL UNIV, JOHN CURTIN SCH MED RES, DIV CELL BIOL, CANBERRA, ACT 2601, AUSTRALIA.
US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, DIV VIROL, BETHESDA, MD USA.
PRIESTS HOUSE, CRANBROOK, KENT, ENGLAND.
CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT, NATL CTR INFECT DIS, MEASLES VIRUS SECT, ATLANTA, GA USA.
ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED, DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL, BRONX, NY 10467 USA.
HOWARD HUGHES MED INST, BETHESDA, MD 20817 USA.
INST VIROL, BEIJING, PEOPLES R CHINA.
WHO, EXPANDED PROGRAMME IMMUNIZAT, CH-1211 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND.
LONDON SCH HYG & TROP MED, COMMUNICABLE DIS EPIDEMIOL UNIT, LONDON WC1, ENGLAND.
PAN AMER HLTH ORG, EXPANDED PROGRAMME IMMUNIZAT, WASHINGTON, DC USA.
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, SCH HYG & PUBL HLTH, DEPT INT HLTH, BALTIMORE, MD 21205 USA.
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, SCH MED, DEPT MED, BALTIMORE, MD 21205 USA.
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, SCH MED, DEPT NEUROBIOL, BALTIMORE, MD USA.
ROCKEFELLER FDN, DIV HLTH SCI, NEW YORK, NY USA.
US PHS, WASHINGTON, DC USA.
UNICEF, CHILD SURVIVAL UNIT, NEW YORK, NY USA.
CHRISTIAN MED COLL & HOSP, DEPT VIROL & IMMUNOL, VELLORE 632004, TAMIL NADU, INDIA.
DUKE UNIV, MED CTR, DEPT PEDIAT PEDIAT HLTH POLICY & INFECT DIS, DURHAM, NC USA.
TOKAI UNIV, SCH MED, DEPT PEDIAT, ISEHARA, KANAGAWA, JAPAN.
WHO, DIV MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL COMMUNICABLE DIS, CH-1211 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND.
HARVARD UNIV, SCH MED, DEPT POPULAT & INT HLTH, BOSTON, MA USA.
CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT, CTR PREVENT SERV, DIV IMMUNIZAT, ATLANTA, GA USA.
WHO, CHILDRENS VACCINE INITIAT EXECUT SECRETARIAT, GENEVA, SWITZERLAND.
NIAID, DIV MICROBIOL & INFECT DIS, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA.
SHERIFF HOUSE, ARDINGLY, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND.
NATL INST BIOL STAND & CONTROLS, DIV VIROL, POTTERS BAR, HERTS, ENGLAND.
UNIV PENN, SCH MED, DEPT MICROBIOL, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA.
KAROLINSKA INST, DEPT VIROL, STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN.
Scripps Res Inst, DEPT NEUROPHARMACOL RES, LA JOLLA, CA USA.
NATL INST PUBL HLTH & ENVIRONM PROTECT, IMMUNOBIOL LAB, 3720 BA BILTHOVEN, NETHERLANDS.
WHO, EXPANDED PROGRAMME IMMUNIZAT, CH-1211 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND.
BRANDEIS UNIV, INST HLTH POLICY, WALTHAM, MA 02254 USA.
UNIV WURZBURG, INST VIROL & IMMUNOBIOL, W-8700 WURZBURG, GERMANY.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0022-1899
J9 J INFECT DIS
JI J. Infect. Dis.
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 170
SU 1
BP S63
EP S66
PG 4
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA PP335
UT WOS:A1994PP33500008
ER
PT J
AU HORN, TD
MORISON, WL
FARZADEGAN, H
ZMUDZKA, BZ
BEER, JZ
AF HORN, TD
MORISON, WL
FARZADEGAN, H
ZMUDZKA, BZ
BEER, JZ
TI EFFECTS OF PSORALEN PLUS UVA RADIATION (PUVA) ON HIV-1 IN HUMAN-BEINGS -
A PILOT-STUDY
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ACTIVATION; INFECTION; TYPE-1; SKIN
AB Background: Laboratory data document the activation of the HIV-1 genome on exposure to UV radiation, including PUVA. The overall effects of UV radiation exposure on HIV-1 infection in human beings are unknown.
Objective: Our purpose was to observe CD4 cell counts and quantitative markers of HIV-1 load in late-stage HIV-1-infected human beings receiving PUVA for various cutaneous diseases.
Methods: Samples of peripheral blood were obtained on days 0, 14, 30, and 60 of PUVA administered in therapeutic doses. Number of CD4(+) T lymphocytes was determined by flow cytometry, and HIV-1 load was measured by semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction for viral genome in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, semiquantitative RNA-polymerase chain reaction for HIV-1 RNA in serum, and determination of p24 in serum.
Results: No significant changes in the measurements were observed.
Conclusion: This study did not detect a deleterious effect on CD4 cell count or HIV-1 load during 2 months of PUVA treatment for patients in late stages of infection, with low CD4 cell counts and high HIV-1 loads.
C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH HYG & PUBL HLTH,DEPT EPIDEMIOL,BALTIMORE,MD.
US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
RP HORN, TD (reprint author), JOHNS HOPKINS MED INST,DEPT DERMATOL,BLALOCK 916,600 N WOLFE ST,BALTIMORE,MD 21287, USA.
NR 18
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 1
PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318
SN 0190-9622
J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL
JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol.
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 31
IS 5
BP 735
EP 740
PN 1
PG 6
WC Dermatology
SC Dermatology
GA PN838
UT WOS:A1994PN83800006
PM 7929918
ER
PT J
AU CHASE, GW
AKOH, CC
EITENMILLER, RR
AF CHASE, GW
AKOH, CC
EITENMILLER, RR
TI EVAPORATIVE LIGHT-SCATTERING MASS DETECTION FOR HIGH-PERFORMANCE
LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF SUCROSE POLYESTER BLENDS IN COOKING
OILS
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE COOKING OIL; CHROMATOGRAPHY; EVAPORATIVE LIGHT SCATTERING DETECTION;
GEL-PERMEATION CHROMATOGRAPHY; HPLC; INTERNAL STANDARD; SUCROSE
POLYESTER; REVERSE-PHASE CHROMATOGRAPHY
AB A high-performance liquid chromatographic method is described to determine the sucrose polyester (SPE) content in seven blends of cooking oils. Four gel-permeation chromatography (GPC) columns were used in series with an evaporative light scattering mass detector to separate the SPE from the acylglycerols in the final chromatogram. The SPE fraction was collected off the GPC column and injected onto a reverse phase C-18 column for quantitation with sucrose octaacetate as an internal standard and a gradient of nonaqueous solvents as mobile phase. The chromatograms were interference-free, with only two sharp peaks appearing. The standards were linear from 500 to 5000 mu g/mL with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.999. The mean percent recovery (n = 9) and standard deviation were 102 +/- 6.7. The detector could detect amounts as low as 5 mu g SPE.
C1 UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT FOOD SCI & TECHNOL,ATHENS,GA 30602.
US FDA,ATLANTA,GA 30309.
RI Akoh, Casimir/F-6460-2011
OI Akoh, Casimir/0000-0002-2323-9298
NR 6
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC
PI CHAMPAIGN
PA 1608 BROADMOOR DRIVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-0489
SN 0003-021X
J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 71
IS 11
BP 1273
EP 1276
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PT232
UT WOS:A1994PT23200017
ER
PT J
AU HANSEN, DK
GRAFTON, TF
AF HANSEN, DK
GRAFTON, TF
TI EVALUATION OF DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHTHALATE-INDUCED EMBRYOTOXICITY IN RODENT
WHOLE-EMBRYO CULTURE
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
ID DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY EVALUATION; PLASTICIZER
DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHTHALATE; DIMETHYL PHTHALATE; URINE SAMPLES;
TERATOGENICITY; RAT; MICE; METABOLITES; INVITRO; ESTERS
AB Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) is a commonly used plasticizer. Human exposure has been documented, and therefore it is important to investigate the toxic potential of this compound. When DEHP was administered in vivo, it was found to be a developmental toxicant in rodents. The purpose oi this investigation was to determine if DEHP was directly embryotoxic to rat embryos. Embryos were cultured for 44 h beginning on gestational d 10. Embryos were cultured in rat serum to which DEHP was added to attain final concentrations within the 0.01-2.0% range. DEHP decreased growth and development at all tested concentrations higher than 0.5%. These results suggest that the parent compound itself is able to alter normal embryonic growth and development; however the high embryotoxic concentrations are unlikely to be attained in vivo.
C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS
PI BRISTOL
PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598
SN 0098-4108
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEALTH
JI J. Toxicol. Environ. Health
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 43
IS 3
BP 361
EP 367
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA PR013
UT WOS:A1994PR01300008
PM 7966444
ER
PT J
AU MOREHEAD, MC
FRANKLIN, W
FU, PP
EVANS, FE
HEINZE, TM
CERNIGLIA, CE
AF MOREHEAD, MC
FRANKLIN, W
FU, PP
EVANS, FE
HEINZE, TM
CERNIGLIA, CE
TI METABOLISM OF 7-NITROBENZ[A]ANTHRACENE BY INTESTINAL MICROFLORA
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; DIRECT-ACTING MUTAGENICITY;
NITRO-GROUP ORIENTATION; BACTERIAL MUTAGENICITY; ANAEROBIC-BACTERIA;
6-NITROBENZOPYRENE; REDUCTION; NITROBENZANTHRACENES; IDENTIFICATION;
NITROREDUCTION
AB Pure cultures or anaerobic intestinal bacteria and mixed fecal microflora from human, rat, mouse, and pig were screened for the ability to metabolize 7-nitrobenz[a]anthracene (7-NO(2)BA). Based on analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and by ultraviolet (UV), mass, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectral techniques, the compounds were identified as 7-aminobenz[a]anthracene (7-NH(2)BA) and benz[a]anthracene 7,12-dione (dione). Identification of 7-NH(2)BA as a metabolite of 7-NO(2)BA indicates that the anaerobic intestinal bacteria are capable of reducing 7-NO(2)BA to potentially bioactive intermediates. The reductive capacities of the mixed intestinal microilora were generally greater than those of pure cultures. Thus, metabolism of 7-NO(2)BA in the intestinal tract may be underestimated if pure cultures are used as the sole method for evaluating the potential hazard.
C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
NR 31
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS
PI BRISTOL
PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598
SN 0098-4108
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEALTH
JI J. Toxicol. Environ. Health
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 43
IS 3
BP 369
EP 380
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA PR013
UT WOS:A1994PR01300009
PM 7966445
ER
PT J
AU SPEICHER, LA
LAING, N
BARONE, LR
ROBBINS, JD
SEAMON, KB
TEW, KD
AF SPEICHER, LA
LAING, N
BARONE, LR
ROBBINS, JD
SEAMON, KB
TEW, KD
TI INTERACTION OF AN ESTRAMUSTINE PHOTOAFFINITY ANALOG WITH CYTOSKELETAL
PROTEINS IN PROSTATE CARCINOMA-CELLS
SO MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROTUBULE-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS; GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER; ASSEMBLY INVITRO;
ANTIMITOTIC DRUG; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; ADENYLYL CYCLASE; TUBULIN;
RESISTANT; GRISEOFULVIN; VINBLASTINE
AB To identify specific drug targets of the antimitotic drug estramustine, a photoaffinity analogue, 17-O-[[2-[3-(4-azido-3-[I-125]iodophenyl)propionamido]ethyl]carbamyl]estradiol-3-N-bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamate, was synthesized and reacted in competition assays with cytoskeletal protein preparations. By attaching the photoaffinity ligand to the 17 beta-position of the steroid D-ring, the cytotoxic properties of the drug were maintained. In cytoskeletal protein preparations from human prostate carcinoma cells (DU 145) or a clonally selected, estramustine-resistant cell line (E4), the major microtubule-associated protein (MAP) present was MAP4. In both cytoskeletal fractions and reconstituted microtubules, 17-O-[[2-[3-(4-azido-3-[I-125]iodophenyl)propionamido]ethyl]carbamyl]estradiol-3-N-bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamate bound to both MAP4 and tubulin. From competition assays, the apparent binding constant for MAP4 from DU 145 cells was 15 mu M. Similar calculations for tubulin gave values of 13 mu M (bovine brain), 19 mu M (DU 145 wild-type cells), and 25 mu M (E4 cells). The identification of these cytoskeletal proteins as specific drug targets provides a direct explanation for the antimicrotubule and antimitotic effects of estramustine.
C1 FOX CHASE CANC CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19111.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
FU NCI NIH HHS [R35-CA53893]
NR 32
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI BALTIMORE
PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436
SN 0026-895X
J9 MOL PHARMACOL
JI Mol. Pharmacol.
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 46
IS 5
BP 866
EP 872
PG 7
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA PV326
UT WOS:A1994PV32600010
PM 7969073
ER
PT J
AU MITTELSTAEDT, RA
HEFLICH, RH
AF MITTELSTAEDT, RA
HEFLICH, RH
TI ANALYSIS OF IN-VIVO MUTATION IN EXON 8 OF THE RAT HPRT GENE
SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS
LA English
DT Article
DE DENATURING GRADIENT GEL ELECTROPHORESIS; SINGLE-STRAND CONFORMATION
POLYMORPHISM; LYMPHOCYTES; ETHYLNITROSOUREA; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION
ID HYPOXANTHINE-GUANINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE; ETHYL-N-NITROSOUREA;
GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; DNA-SEQUENCE ANALYSIS; HAMSTER OVARY
CELLS; HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES-T; POINT MUTATIONS; PCR-SSCP; MOLECULAR
ANALYSIS; MOUSE LYMPHOCYTES
AB We have analyzed mutations in exon 8 of the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) gene in T-lymphocytes from the spleens of ethylnitrosourea-treated female rats. Presumptive hprt(-) mutants were isolated by clonal growth in the presence of 6-thioguanine. DNA from 6-thioguanine-resistant colonies was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction using intronic primers flanking hprt exon 8. The identification of mutant sequences and the separation of mutant DNA from contaminating wild-type DNA was accomplished by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Of 118 clones analyzed, 19 contained mutations and DNA sequence analysis identified eight unique sequence alterations. We also used single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis to screen for mutations in the same fragment of the hprt gene. This analysis was less successful than denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis in detecting the eight unique mutations. The procedures described here may represent a useful approach for studying the mechanisms of in vivo mutation.
RP MITTELSTAEDT, RA (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,HFT-120,3900 NCTR DR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 41
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0027-5107
J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M
JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen.
PD NOV 1
PY 1994
VL 311
IS 1
BP 139
EP 148
DI 10.1016/0027-5107(94)90082-5
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA PN554
UT WOS:A1994PN55400016
PM 7526167
ER
PT J
AU SULLIVANJONES, P
ALI, SF
GOUGH, B
HOLSON, RR
AF SULLIVANJONES, P
ALI, SF
GOUGH, B
HOLSON, RR
TI POSTNATAL METHYLAZOXYMETHANOL - SENSITIVE PERIODS AND REGIONAL
SELECTIVITY OF EFFECTS
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE NEURAL STUNTING; ANTIMITOTIC; SENSITIVE PERIODS; METHYLAZOXYMETHANOL;
NEONATAL EXPOSURE; RAT
ID EXTERNAL GRANULAR LAYER; MOUSE CEREBELLUM; SYNAPTIC NEUROCHEMISTRY;
PRENATAL EXPOSURE; ACETATE MAM; RATS; BRAIN; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY;
HYPERACTIVITY; PERFORMANCE
AB Work on neonatal MAM exposure has focused primarily on exposure within the first week postpartum, and on resulting hypoplasia]asia or stunting of the cerebellum. Rats in this study were exposed to MAM on 4 consecutive postnatal days (PND), beginning at one of six ages, from birth through weaning (PND 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, or 21). MAM was administered subcutaneously in doses of 3, 4, or 5 mg/kg twice per day. Rats were sacrificed at PNDs 28 or 84. The most sensitive age for MAM-induced stunting was determined to be PNDs 1-4. When 5 mg/kg MAM was administered twice daily on PNDs 1-4, body weight was reduced by 24% at age 28 days. Additionally, when compared to control rats, brains of the 28-day-old rats were stunted as follows: whole brain (11%), cerebellum (35%), hippocampus (11%), and olfactory bulb (27%). The effects of PND 1-4 MAM exposure were still evident at 84 days of age when cerebellum and olfactory bulbs from treated rats weighed 30% less than those same regions in control rats. These findings indicate that neonatal exposure to MAM results in permanent stunting in select regions of developing rat brain. This stunting, along with other known MAM effects, can be tailored by exposure age and dose to augment the use of MAM as a positive control for investigation of compounds with neurotoxic potential.
RP SULLIVANJONES, P (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,HFT-133,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 44
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0892-0362
J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL
JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 1994
VL 16
IS 6
BP 631
EP 637
DI 10.1016/0892-0362(94)90041-8
PG 7
WC Neurosciences; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology
GA PN342
UT WOS:A1994PN34200010
PM 7862061
ER
PT J
AU HALL, CB
CHESNEY, PJ
GROMISCH, DS
HALSEY, NA
KOHL, S
MARCY, SM
MARKS, MI
NANKERVIS, GA
OVERALL, JC
PICKERING, LK
STEELE, RW
YOGEV, R
AF HALL, CB
CHESNEY, PJ
GROMISCH, DS
HALSEY, NA
KOHL, S
MARCY, SM
MARKS, MI
NANKERVIS, GA
OVERALL, JC
PICKERING, LK
STEELE, RW
YOGEV, R
TI ADMINISTRATION OF THE 3RD DOSE OF ORAL POLIOMYELITIS VACCINE AT 6 TO 18
MONTHS OF AGE
SO PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRIVALENT POLIOVIRUS VACCINES; IMMUNIZATION
C1 CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,ATLANTA,GA 30341.
US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
AMER THORAC SOC,NEW YORK,NY.
CANADIAN PAEDIAT SOC,OTTAWA,ON,CANADA.
NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NATL VACCINE PROGRAM,ROCKVILLE,MD.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS
PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE
PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098
SN 0031-4005
J9 PEDIATRICS
JI Pediatrics
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 94
IS 5
BP 774
EP 775
PG 2
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA PN912
UT WOS:A1994PN91200028
ER
PT J
AU ROSA, F
AF ROSA, F
TI AMANTADINE PREGNANCY EXPERIENCE
SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
RP ROSA, F (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 3
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0890-6238
J9 REPROD TOXICOL
JI Reprod. Toxicol.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 1994
VL 8
IS 6
BP 531
EP 531
DI 10.1016/0890-6238(94)90036-1
PG 1
WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology
SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology
GA PX675
UT WOS:A1994PX67500009
PM 7741882
ER
PT J
AU MILLER, FW
AF MILLER, FW
TI CLASSIFICATION AND PROGNOSIS OF INFLAMMATORY MUSCLE DISEASE
SO RHEUMATIC DISEASE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
LA English
DT Review
ID PENICILLAMINE-INDUCED POLYMYOSITIS; MYOSITIS-SPECIFIC AUTOANTIBODIES;
DERMATOMYOSITIS SINE MYOSITIS; COMPUTER-ASSISTED ANALYSIS; CIGUATERA
TOXIN EXPOSURE; INCLUSION-BODY MYOSITIS; VERSUS-HOST DISEASE; ANTIGEN
PM-SCL; AMYOPATHIC DERMATOMYOSITIS; IMMUNOGENETIC FEATURES
AB Our capacity to understand, classify, and predict prognoses of inflammatory muscle disease syndromes has continued to advance as diagnostic technologies have improved and as larger series of patients have been collected at referral centers. These advances have permitted the documentation of patterns of clinical and other features associated with inflammatory muscle disease. In addition to the more traditional clinicopathologic classifications of these entities, there is increasing, interest in using newer techniques, including those of serology and molecular genetics, to divide these syndromes into more homogeneous and understandable groups. Also, the number of investigations attempting to associate environmental agents with myositis is increasing. Although our understanding of these disorders is far from complete and is still evolving, it is becoming increasingly clear that the inflammatory myopathies are composed of many separate and distinct disorders with widely divergent clinical signs, symptoms, laboratory abnormalities, and prognoses.
RP MILLER, FW (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CELLULAR & GENE THERAPIES,MOLEC IMMUNOL LAB,BLDG 29,ROOM 507,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
OI Miller, Frederick/0000-0003-2831-9593
NR 110
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 2
PU W B SAUNDERS CO
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA
19106-3399
SN 0889-857X
J9 RHEUM DIS CLIN N AM
JI Rheum. Dis. Clin. North Am.
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 20
IS 4
BP 811
EP 826
PG 16
WC Rheumatology
SC Rheumatology
GA PR066
UT WOS:A1994PR06600002
PM 7855323
ER
PT J
AU MARKOFF, L
CHANG, A
FALGOUT, B
AF MARKOFF, L
CHANG, A
FALGOUT, B
TI PROCESSING OF FLAVIVIRUS STRUCTURAL GLYCOPROTEINS - STABLE MEMBRANE
INSERTION OF PREMEMBRANE REQUIRES THE ENVELOPE SIGNAL PEPTIDE
SO VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID YELLOW-FEVER VIRUS; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM MEMBRANE; JAPANESE
ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; POSITIVELY CHARGED RESIDUES; CULTURED MOSQUITO
CELLS; NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEINS; INFLUENZA HEMAGGLUTININ; VIRAL
POLYPROTEIN; ANCHOR DOMAIN; AMINO-ACIDS
AB The flavivirus structural proteins capsid (C), premembrane (prM), and envelope (E) are cleaved in that order from the N-terminus of the polyprotein by the ER intralumenal enzyme signal peptidase. The prM-E and E-NS1 junctions contain hydrophobic domains with both transmembrane and signal function. These domains reside at the C-termini of prM and E, respectively, after cleavage. We studied the functions of the 37-amino-acid C-terminus of the dengue virus type 4 (DEN4) prM (amino acids 243-279 of the DEN4 polyprotein) in the processing of prM and E. Hydrophobicity in this domain is interrupted by a conserved Arg residue (Arg-264) within a short amphipathic segment. Hydrophobic amino acids upstream from Arg-264 (aa 243-263) were presumed to constitute the membrane anchor for prM (the ''tm'' segment). Previous results had suggested that sequences downstream from Arg-264 (aa 265-279) constitute the E signal peptide. RNA transcripts prepared from wild-type (wt) and deletion-mutant DEN4 cDNAs encoding the prM signal peptide, prM, E, and the N-terminus of the nonstructural glycoprotein, NS1, were translated in rabbit reticulocyte lysate in the presence of microsomes. Processing of wt prM and E in vitro appeared to mimic processing occurring during flavivirus infection. Analysis of mutants confirmed the localization of the E signal peptide within residues 265 to 279. However, deletions within either the E signal peptide or the tm segment resulted in a defect in both membrane insertion of prM and cleavage of the prM-E junction. Membrane anchoring of prM appeared to be a two-step process requiring function of both the tm segment and the E signal peptide, and fully efficient prM-E cleavage was also dependent upon the integrity of both hydrophobic domains. We propose a model for the processing of the flavivirus structural glycoproteins based on these results. (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc.
RP MARKOFF, L (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIRAL PROD,VECTOR BORNE VIRUS DIS LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
NR 50
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 3
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495
SN 0042-6822
J9 VIROLOGY
JI Virology
PD NOV 1
PY 1994
VL 204
IS 2
BP 526
EP 540
DI 10.1006/viro.1994.1566
PG 15
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA PM741
UT WOS:A1994PM74100004
PM 7941319
ER
PT J
AU SCHLENK, D
BEVERS, RJ
VERTINO, AM
CERNIGLIA, CE
AF SCHLENK, D
BEVERS, RJ
VERTINO, AM
CERNIGLIA, CE
TI P450 CATALYZED S-OXIDATION OF DIBENZOTHIOPHENE BY CUNNINGHAMELLA-ELEGANS
SO XENOBIOTICA
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; ORGANIC SULFUR-COMPOUNDS;
PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM; DEGRADATION; METABOLISM
AB 1. Approximately 98% of dibenzothiophene (DBT) was converted to DBT sulphoxide (86% of total metabolites) and DBT sulphone (14% of total metabolites) after a 24-h incubation with the filamentous fungus Cunninghamella elegans (ATCC-36112).
2. DBT sulphoxidation was significantly decreased in incubations with the concomitant additions of metyrapone, piperonyl butoxide and 1-aminobenzotriazole indicating a P450 monooxygenase-catalysed reaction.
3. DBT sulphoxidation was also significantly decreased by methimazole, but only slightly decreased with a thiourea addition, suggesting a possible role of a flavin-containing, monooxygenase-catalysed activity.
4. The extracellular filtrate of C. elegans failed to show measurable DBT oxidation, showing that biotransformation is intracellular and is not catalysed by an extracellular process.
C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV MICROBIOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
RP SCHLENK, D (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DIV TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205, USA.
NR 29
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 7
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD LONDON
PI LONDON
PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE
SN 0049-8254
J9 XENOBIOTICA
JI Xenobiotica
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 24
IS 11
BP 1077
EP 1083
PG 7
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA PY801
UT WOS:A1994PY80100003
PM 7701849
ER
PT J
AU PLAKAS, SM
ELSAID, KR
STEHLY, GR
AF PLAKAS, SM
ELSAID, KR
STEHLY, GR
TI FURAZOLIDONE DISPOSITION AFTER INTRAVASCULAR AND ORAL DOSING IN THE
CHANNEL CATFISH
SO XENOBIOTICA
LA English
DT Article
ID REACTIVE INTERMEDIATE; PIG HEPATOCYTES; METABOLISM; SWINE; GLUTATHIONE;
NITROFURAN; INVITRO; PROTEIN; INVIVO
AB 1. The pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and excretion of the nitrofuran drug furazolidone have been examined in the channel catfish. [C-14]Furazolidone was administered by intravascular or oral routes in a single dosage of 1 mg/kg body weight.
2. A two-compartment pharmacokinetic model best described parent furazolidone concentrations in the plasma after intravascular dosing. Elimination of parent compound was extremely rapid, with a terminal half-life of 0.27 h and total body clearance of 1901 ml/h/kg.
3. After oral dosing, furazolidone concentrations in the plasma were highest at 1 h and were below the limit of determination (< 20 ng/ml) at 5 h. The oral bioavailability of parent furazolidone administered in solution was 58%, compared with 28% in a feed mixture.
4. Concentrations of furazolidone and its metabolites were highest in the excretory tissues and lowest in the muscle after oral dosing. Parent furazolidone comprised 10% of the total C-14 in the muscle at 8 h and was not detectable (<1 ng/g) at 24 h; total C-14 concentrations declined from 274 to 59 ng furazolidone eguiv./g between 8 and 168 h. Non-extractable (bound) residues comprised 18% of total C-14 in muscle at 8 h and 33% at 168 h.
5. Renal excretion was the primary route of elimination of C-14 residues and accounted for nearly 55% of the oral dose.
RP PLAKAS, SM (reprint author), US FDA,GULF COAST SEAFOOD LAB,POB 158,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528, USA.
NR 24
TC 10
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 5
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD LONDON
PI LONDON
PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE
SN 0049-8254
J9 XENOBIOTICA
JI Xenobiotica
PD NOV
PY 1994
VL 24
IS 11
BP 1095
EP 1105
PG 11
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA PY801
UT WOS:A1994PY80100005
PM 7701851
ER
PT J
AU NI, YC
WONG, TY
KADLUBAR, FF
FU, PP
AF NI, YC
WONG, TY
KADLUBAR, FF
FU, PP
TI HEPATIC-METABOLISM OF CHLORAL HYDRATE TO FREE RADICAL(S) AMD INDUCTION
OF LIPID-PEROXIDATION
SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; MOUSE; RAT; MUTAGENICITY; ANEUPLOIDY; PRODUCTS;
ACID
AB Metabolism of chloral hydrate by male B6C3F(1) mouse liver microsomes generates free radical intermediate(s) as evidenced by electron spin resonance spectroscopic analysis. The subsequent induction of endogenous lipid peroxidation was shown by analysis of the resulting products with high-pressure liquid chromatography. Chloral hydrate was found mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA104. Both lipid peroxidation and mutagenicity were efficiently inhibited by free radical scavengers, alpha-tocopherol and menadione. (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc.
C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
NR 25
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 1
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495
SN 0006-291X
J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO
JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
PD OCT 28
PY 1994
VL 204
IS 2
BP 937
EP 943
DI 10.1006/bbrc.1994.2550
PG 7
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA PN634
UT WOS:A1994PN63400072
PM 7980564
ER
PT J
AU JOHNSON, GR
WONG, L
AF JOHNSON, GR
WONG, L
TI HEPARAN-SULFATE IS ESSENTIAL TO AMPHIREGULIN-INDUCED MITOGENIC SIGNALING
BY THE EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR
SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-AFFINITY RECEPTOR; FIBROBLAST GROWTH; CELL-SURFACE;
EPITHELIAL-CELLS; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; COLORECTAL TUMORS; FACTOR
FAMILY; EXPRESSION; BINDING; PROTEOGLYCANS
AB Human amphiregulin (AR) is a heparin-binding growth factor which functions by binding to and activating the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor tyrosine kinase. AR contains an EGF-like domain (residues 44-84) and a Lys/Arg-rich NH2-terminal extension (residues 1-43). Synthetic peptides corresponding to residues 8-26, 26-44, and 68-84 of AR were tested for their ability to compete for the binding of AR to immobilized heparin. AR(8-26) and AR(68-84) had no significant effect on the binding of AR to heparin, whereas AR(26-44) bound to heparin and blocked the binding of AR to heparin. Both soluble heparin and heparan sulfate inhibited AR-induced mitogenesis in MCF-10A human mammary epithelial cells with an IC50 of 5 and 2 mu g/ml, respectively, whereas soluble chondroitin sulfate had only a slight inhibitory effect. When MCF-10A cells were grown in the presence of chlorate, an inhibitor of sulfation, or exposed to the glycosaminoglycan-degrading enzymes heparitinase or heparinase, the ability of AR to evoke mitogenesis in these cells was lost. Chlorate, heparitinase, or heparinase treatment inhibited AR-induced autophosphorylation of tyrosine residues in the EGF receptor. None of these treatments had any significant effect on EGF-triggered mitogenic signaling by the EGF receptor. These results indicate that extracellular heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan is essential to AR-induced mitogenic signaling by the EGF receptor tyrosine kinase.
RP JOHNSON, GR (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,HFM-511,BLDG 29A,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
NR 52
TC 61
Z9 61
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814
SN 0021-9258
J9 J BIOL CHEM
JI J. Biol. Chem.
PD OCT 28
PY 1994
VL 269
IS 43
BP 27149
EP 27154
PG 6
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA PQ931
UT WOS:A1994PQ93100083
PM 7929459
ER
PT J
AU ARORA, N
WILLIAMSON, LC
LEPPLA, SH
HALPERN, JL
AF ARORA, N
WILLIAMSON, LC
LEPPLA, SH
HALPERN, JL
TI CYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF A CHIMERIC PROTEIN CONSISTING OF TETANUS TOXIN
LIGHT-CHAIN AND ANTHRAX TOXIN LETHAL FACTOR IN NONNEURONAL CELLS
SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID INTEGRAL MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE;
ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SPINAL-CORD; INHIBITS EXOCYTOSIS; BOTULINUM TOXINS;
HEAVY-CHAIN; CYCLIC-AMP; FUSION
AB The light chain of tetanus toxin is a zinc endoprotease that inhibits neurotransmitter release by selective proteolysis of the synaptic vesicle-associated protein synaptobrevin/vesicle-associated membrane protein. Cellubrevin is a homologue of synaptobrevin that is found in most cell types and is also a substrate for tetanus toxin. The lack of receptors for tetanus toxin on most cell types has made studies of tetanus toxin action in non-neuronal cells difficult. To characterize tetanus toxin effects in non-neuronal cells, a fusion protein consisting of the 254 amino-terminal amino acids of lethal factor (LF) of anthrax toxin and tetanus toxin light chain (LC) was prepared. This protein (LF-LC) inhibited evoked glycine release from primary spinal cord neurons at concentrations between 1.0 and 100 ng/ml. LF-LC was cytotoxic to RAW 264.7, ANA-1 cells (mouse macrophage cell lines), and Chinese hamster ovary cells in a dose-dependent manner. These effects required the presence of protective antigen, the receptor binding component of anthrax toxin. In contrast, LF-LC was not cytotoxic to RBL-2H3, Vero, or mouse hybridoma cell lines. Mutagenesis of conserved amino acids (His(237) and Glu(234)) in the zinc-binding motif of LC resulted in fusion proteins having no biological activity. LF LC did not inhibit regulated secretion of serotonin in RBL-2H3 cells or constitutive secretion in any non-neuronal cell lines as measured in several different assays. We suggest that the cytotoxic effects of LF-LC result from inhibition of a specific intracellular membrane fusion event mediated by cellubrevin.
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NIDR,MICROBIAL ECOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NICHHD,DEV NEUROBIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NR 58
TC 44
Z9 44
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814
SN 0021-9258
J9 J BIOL CHEM
JI J. Biol. Chem.
PD OCT 21
PY 1994
VL 269
IS 42
BP 26165
EP 26171
PG 7
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA PQ930
UT WOS:A1994PQ93000036
PM 7929330
ER
PT J
AU NIGHTINGALE, SL
AF NIGHTINGALE, SL
TI CONFERENCE ON FDA-REGULATED PRODUCTS AND PREGNANT-WOMEN
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD OCT 19
PY 1994
VL 272
IS 15
BP 1160
EP 1160
DI 10.1001/jama.272.15.1160
PG 1
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA PL212
UT WOS:A1994PL21200010
PM 7523738
ER
PT J
AU NIGHTINGALE, SL
AF NIGHTINGALE, SL
TI FDA PROPOSES TO REQUIRE FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE BY CLINICAL INVESTIGATORS
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 1
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD OCT 19
PY 1994
VL 272
IS 15
BP 1160
EP 1160
DI 10.1001/jama.272.15.1160
PG 1
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA PL212
UT WOS:A1994PL21200009
PM 7523738
ER
PT J
AU NIGHTINGALE, SL
AF NIGHTINGALE, SL
TI PSA TEST IS APPROVED FOR USE IN CONJUNCTION WITH DIGITAL RECTAL
EXAMINATION AS AID IN PROSTATE-CANCER DETECTION
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD OCT 19
PY 1994
VL 272
IS 15
BP 1160
EP 1160
DI 10.1001/jama.272.15.1160
PG 1
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA PL212
UT WOS:A1994PL21200008
PM 7523738
ER
PT J
AU NIGHTINGALE, SL
AF NIGHTINGALE, SL
TI REPORTS OF SKIN INJURIES FOLLOWING HIGH X-RAY DOSE INTERVENTIONAL
PROCEDURES
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 1
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD OCT 19
PY 1994
VL 272
IS 15
BP 1160
EP 1160
DI 10.1001/jama.272.15.1160
PG 1
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA PL212
UT WOS:A1994PL21200007
PM 7523738
ER
PT J
AU FUKAZAWA, T
HERMANN, E
EDIDIN, M
WEN, J
HUANG, F
KELLNER, H
FLOEGE, J
FARAHMANDIAN, D
WILLIAMS, KM
YU, DTY
AF FUKAZAWA, T
HERMANN, E
EDIDIN, M
WEN, J
HUANG, F
KELLNER, H
FLOEGE, J
FARAHMANDIAN, D
WILLIAMS, KM
YU, DTY
TI THE EFFECT OF MUTANT BETA(2)-MICROGLOBULINS ON THE CONFORMATION OF
HLA-B27 DETECTED BY ANTIBODY AND BY CTL
SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HUMAN BETA-2-MICROGLOBULIN; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; RANDOM MUTAGENESIS;
PEPTIDE BINDING; VIRAL PEPTIDES; MHC COMPLEXES; ANTIGENS; PURIFICATION;
RECOGNITION; RESOLUTION
AB The arthritis-predisposing HLA-B27 consists of a heavy chain, a small peptide, and the monomorphic beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)-m). CTLs and a mAb, Ye-2, which recognize the complex with specificities both for the heavy chain and for the peptide, are available. The beta(2)-m is in noncovalent association with the heavy chain at multiple points and is exchangeable with free beta(2)-m outside of the complex. The purpose of our experiments was to test whether mutant beta(2)-m capable of modulating HLA-B27 activity could be created. Eighteen recombinant mutants of the human beta(2)-m were experimentally generated. In 14 of these, mutations were at or near residues that are either contact residues or interface residues with the heavy chain. Relative to the parent beta(2)-m, two-thirds of the mutants showed reduced ability to exchange into HLA-B27 complexes. However, at least four of them induced more than 80% decrease in Ye-2 Ab reactivity. Two mutants were able to induce a minor decrease in susceptibility to lysis by four CTL clones. One of the CTL clones was autoreactive. Two of the CTL clones were specific for HLA-B27 cells experimentally infected with arthritis-causing Yersinia enterocolitica. These results indicate that certain beta(2)-m residues play an indirect role in peptide presentation, although they are not directly associated with the peptide residues.
C1 UNIV MAINZ,MED & OUTPATIENT CLIN 1,MAINZ,GERMANY.
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT BIOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21218.
MED TECH SCH HANNOVER,DIV NEPHROL,HANNOVER,GERMANY.
US FDA,IMMUNOL BRANCH,LAUREL,MD 20708.
UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MED,CTR REHABIL,DIV RHEUMATOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024.
FU NIAID NIH HHS [R37 AI14584]; NIAMS NIH HHS [P01 AR40919]
NR 30
TC 24
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814
SN 0022-1767
J9 J IMMUNOL
JI J. Immunol.
PD OCT 15
PY 1994
VL 153
IS 8
BP 3543
EP 3550
PG 8
WC Immunology
SC Immunology
GA PM581
UT WOS:A1994PM58100019
PM 7930576
ER
PT J
AU YAHIRO, MA
AF YAHIRO, MA
TI COMPREHENSIVE LITERATURE-REVIEW - PEDICLE SCREW FIXATION DEVICES
SO SPINE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Special Meeting of the FDA
Orthopedic-and-Rehabilitation-Devices-Advisory-Panel on Spinal Fusion:
The Use of Bone Screws in the Vertebral Pedicles
CY JUL 22, 1994
CL GAITHERSBURG, MD
SP US FDA, ORTHOPED & REHABIL DEVICES ADVISORY PANEL
RP YAHIRO, MA (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 0
TC 61
Z9 68
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106
SN 0362-2436
J9 SPINE
JI SPINE
PD OCT 15
PY 1994
VL 19
IS 20
SU S
BP S2274
EP S2278
PG 5
WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics
GA PN387
UT WOS:A1994PN38700004
ER
PT J
AU YAHIRO, MA
AF YAHIRO, MA
TI REVIEW OF THE HISTORICAL COHORT STUDY OF PEDICLE SCREW FIXATION IN
THORACIC, LUMBAR, AND SACRAL SPINAL FUSIONS REPORT
SO SPINE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Special Meeting of the FDA
Orthopedic-and-Rehabilitation-Devices-Advisory-Panel on Spinal Fusion:
The Use of Bone Screws in the Vertebral Pedicles
CY JUL 22, 1994
CL GAITHERSBURG, MD
SP US FDA, ORTHOPED & REHABIL DEVICES ADVISORY PANEL
RP YAHIRO, MA (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 0
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106
SN 0362-2436
J9 SPINE
JI SPINE
PD OCT 15
PY 1994
VL 19
IS 20
SU S
BP S2297
EP S2299
PG 3
WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics
GA PN387
UT WOS:A1994PN38700006
ER
PT J
AU SAHU, SC
GRAY, GC
AF SAHU, SC
GRAY, GC
TI KAEMPFEROL-INDUCED NUCLEAR-DNA DAMAGE AND LIPID-PEROXIDATION
SO CANCER LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE ANTIOXIDANTS; DNA DAMAGE; FLAVONOIDS; KAEMPFEROL; LIPID PEROXIDATION;
OXYGEN RADICALS
ID QUERCETIN; RADICALS; CARCINOGENICITY; ANTICARCINOGENS; ANTIMUTAGENS;
ANTIOXIDANTS; FLAVONOIDS; RATS
AB The extent of DNA damage and lipid peroxidation induced by kaempferol, a polyphenolic flavonoid with a molecular structure similar to quercetin, was studied under aerobic conditions in isolated rat-liver nuclei. Kaempferol induced significant (P < 0.05) concentration-dependent nuclear DNA degradation concurrent with lipid peroxidation; these effects were enhanced by iron(IIl) or copper(II). Catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), mannitol, and sodium azide did not show any inhibitory effect on the kaempferol-induced nuclear DNA damage in the presence of iron(III) or copper(II). On the other hand, all stimulated the kaempferol-induced DNA damage in the presence of iron(III); in the presence of copper(II) only SOD and mannitol showed statistically significant stimulatory effects. The kaempferol induced lipid peroxidation was significantly stimulated by catalase and sodium azide in the presence of iron(III). These results demonstrate the pro-oxidant properties of polyphenolic flavonoids, which are generally considered as antioxidants and anticarcinogens, suggesting their possible dual role in mutagenesis and carcinogenesis.
RP SAHU, SC (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV TOXICOL RES,8501 MUIRKIRK RD,LAUREL,MD 20708, USA.
NR 25
TC 64
Z9 64
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE,
IRELAND
SN 0304-3835
J9 CANCER LETT
JI Cancer Lett.
PD OCT 14
PY 1994
VL 85
IS 2
BP 159
EP 164
DI 10.1016/0304-3835(94)90269-0
PG 6
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA PT739
UT WOS:A1994PT73900003
PM 7954331
ER
PT J
AU WEINTRAUB, M
AF WEINTRAUB, M
TI HISTAMINE H-1 ANTAGONISTS
SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
LA English
DT Letter
RP WEINTRAUB, M (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855, USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MASS MEDICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115
SN 0028-4793
J9 NEW ENGL J MED
JI N. Engl. J. Med.
PD OCT 13
PY 1994
VL 331
IS 15
BP 1019
EP 1019
PG 1
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA PK504
UT WOS:A1994PK50400013
PM 7916125
ER
PT J
AU MARTIN, GEM
SEAMON, KB
BROWN, FM
SHANAHAN, MF
ROBERTS, PE
HENDERSON, PJF
AF MARTIN, GEM
SEAMON, KB
BROWN, FM
SHANAHAN, MF
ROBERTS, PE
HENDERSON, PJF
TI FORSKOLIN SPECIFICALLY INHIBITS THE BACTERIAL GALACTOSE H+ TRANSPORT
PROTEIN, GALP
SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID D-GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SUGAR-TRANSPORT;
CYTOCHALASIN-B; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; PHOTOAFFINITY LABEL;
HUMAN-ERYTHROCYTES; ARABINOSE; GENE; MEMBRANE
AB Forskolin is a potent inhibitor of mammalian passive glucose transporters. Here we show that forskolin is a remarkably specific inhibitor of energized D-galactose transport by the GalP sugar-H+ symport protein of Escherichia coli. Surprisingly, it does not inhibit transport of L-arabinose or D-xylose by the related E. coli AraE and XylE transporters, even though the amino acid sequences of their proteins are 30-64% identical to GalP and to the mammalian GLUT family. However, unlike GLUT1, photoactivation of the [H-3]forskolin-GalP complex fails to incorporate radioactivity covalently into the protein, in contrast to the effective incorporation of radioactivity from [H-3]cytochalasin B into both proteins, However, 3-[I-125]iodo-4-azidophenethylamido-7-O- succinyldesacetylforskolin ([I-125]APS-forskolin), which labels GLUT1, is a potent labeling reagent for GalP and, to a lesser extent, for AraE. The appropriate sugar substrates of each transporter protect it against the [I-125]APS-forskolin. Equilibrium binding studies using membranes from an E. coli strain that overexpresses GalP reveal a single set of high affinity binding sites for [H-3]forskolin with a K-d of 1.3-1.4 mu M, probably forming a 1:1 complex, compared with a value of 7.5 mu M for GLUT1. Sugar substrates of GalP and cytochalasin B displace forskolin from the protein. The nonhomologous sugar-H+ symporters for L-rhamnose (RhaT), L-fucose (FucP) and lactose (LacY) in E. coli are insensitive to forskolin. Forskolin and [I-125]APS-forskolin, therefore, constitute novel probes for exploring the structure-activity relationship of the bacterial GalP protein. GalP will provide an excellent model for the human glucose transporters and for elucidating the molecular basis of subtle differences in substrate and inhibitor recognition by individual members of this widespread family of transport proteins.
C1 UNIV LEEDS,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,LEEDS LS2 9JT,W YORKSHIRE,ENGLAND.
US FDA,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,MOLEC PHARMACOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
UNIV CAMBRIDGE,DEPT BIOCHEM,CAMBRIDGE CB2 1EW,ENGLAND.
SO ILLINOIS UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PHYSIOL,CARBONDALE,IL 62901.
FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 36855]
NR 49
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814
SN 0021-9258
J9 J BIOL CHEM
JI J. Biol. Chem.
PD OCT 7
PY 1994
VL 269
IS 40
BP 24870
EP 24877
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA PQ490
UT WOS:A1994PQ49000054
PM 7929167
ER
PT J
AU BACKINGER, CL
KOUSTENIS, GH
AF BACKINGER, CL
KOUSTENIS, GH
TI ANALYSIS OF NEEDLESTICK INJURIES TO HEALTH-CARE WORKERS PROVIDING HOME
CARE
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
AB Background: This research analyzed needlestick injuries sustained by employees working in the home health environment to determine to what extent existing infection control policies and procedures in home health care are effective in reducing the risk of transmission of blood-borne infections.
Methods: In June and July 1992, a random sample of 600 directors of home health care agencies in the United States were sent questionnaires concerning written blood-borne infection control policies and procedures of home health care agencies. Agency characteristics were also identified.
Results: A 46% response rate (n = 278) was obtained. Of the 226 agencies that reported needlestick injury rates, 102 agencies reported no needlestick injuries to home health care agency employees in the ''last year'' and 124 agencies reported from one to 134 needlestick injuries, for a cumulative total of 475. Statistical analyses revealed that agencies with ''safer'' sharps containers, ''safer'' hypodermics, or ''safer'' access to intravenous administration lines did not have statistically significantly rates of lower needlestick injury than agencies without these ''safer'' products.
Conclusions: This study should be considered exploratory; causal relationships cannot be established. Although written blood-borne infection control policies and procedures do not appear to provide protection to home health care workers from the risk of needlestick injury, limitations in the data exist. Consequently, results should be viewed with caution and additional research is needed. (AJIC Am J Infect Control 1994;22:300-6)
RP BACKINGER, CL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV PROFESS PRACTICES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 0
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318
SN 0196-6553
J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL
JI Am. J. Infect. Control
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 22
IS 5
BP 300
EP 306
DI 10.1016/0196-6553(94)90017-5
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA PN202
UT WOS:A1994PN20200003
PM 7847637
ER
PT J
AU MEHLMAN, PT
HIGLEY, JD
FAUCHER, I
LILLY, AA
TAUB, DM
VICKERS, J
SUOMI, SJ
LINNOILA, M
AF MEHLMAN, PT
HIGLEY, JD
FAUCHER, I
LILLY, AA
TAUB, DM
VICKERS, J
SUOMI, SJ
LINNOILA, M
TI LOW CSF 5-HIAA CONCENTRATIONS AND SEVERE AGGRESSION AND IMPAIRED IMPULSE
CONTROL IN NONHUMAN-PRIMATES
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Article
ID CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID MONOAMINE; DISRUPTIVE BEHAVIOR DISORDERS; DNA
HYBRIDIZATION EVIDENCE; BIOGENIC-AMINE METABOLISM; 5-HYDROXYINDOLEACETIC
ACID; RHESUS-MONKEYS; HOMOVANILLIC-ACID; SEROTONIN METABOLISM; VIOLENT
OFFENDERS; PLASMA-CORTISOL
AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between behavior and serotonin by using a nonhuman primate model of aggression and impulse control. Method: During a routine capture and medical examination, 26 adolescent male rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) were selected as subjects from a free-ranging population of 4,500 rhesus monkeys inhabiting a 475-acre sea island. Physiological data were obtained front 22-23 of the subjects. Blood and CSF samples were obtained, and each subject was fitted with a radio transmitter collar for rapid location. The subjects were released into their social groups, and quantitative behavioral observations were made over a 3-month period. Results: CSF 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) concentrations were inversely correlated with ''escalated'' aggression, i.e., a measure of more intense or severe aggression as defined by the ratio of chases and Physical assaults to all aggressive acts. CSF 5-HIAA concentrations were significantly lower in those subjects who showed evidence of physical wounding than in subjects with no wounds. Low CSF 5-HIAA concentrations were also correlated with greater risk-taking as determined by an analysis of leaping behaviors in the forest canopy. The ratio of long leaps (leaps that traversed the longest distances at dangerous heights) to all leaps was negatively correlated with CSF 5-HIAA concentrations. Conclusions: Adolescent male rhesus macaques with low CSF 5-HIAA concentrations are at risk for 1) exhibiting more violent forms of aggressive behavior and 2) loss of impulse control as evidenced by greater risk tracking during movement through the forest canopy.
C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NICHHD,CTR ANIM,COMPARAT ETHOL LAB,POOLESVILLE,MD.
NIAAA,DIV INTRAMURAL CLIN & BIOL RES,CLIN STUDIES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
RP MEHLMAN, PT (reprint author), LAB ANIM BREEDERS & SERV,DIV PRIMATE BREEDING BEHAV,POB 557,YEMASSEE,SC 29945, USA.
NR 80
TC 281
Z9 283
U1 2
U2 16
PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005
SN 0002-953X
J9 AM J PSYCHIAT
JI Am. J. Psychiat.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 151
IS 10
BP 1485
EP 1491
PG 7
WC Psychiatry
SC Psychiatry
GA PJ937
UT WOS:A1994PJ93700014
PM 7522411
ER
PT J
AU BROWN, ML
HOUN, F
AF BROWN, ML
HOUN, F
TI QUALITY ASSURANCE AUDITS OF COMMUNITY SCREENING MAMMOGRAPHY PRACTICES -
AVAILABILITY OF ACTIVE FOLLOW-UP FOR DATA-COLLECTION AND OUTCOME
ASSESSMENT
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BREAST-CANCER
AB OBJECTIVE. Routine and periodic mammography audit studies, the systematic evaluation of clinical follow-up procedures and outcomes subsequent to screening mammography reports of abnormal findings, have been advocated as an important component of quality assurance in screening mammography. This study assessed the degree to which mammography facilities in community practice maintain reporting and record-keeping systems and ascertain sufficient clinical follow-up data to facilitate the practice of mammography audit studies.
MATERIALS AND METHODS. As part of a national survey of 1057 mammography facilities, data were collected from a stratified subsample of 50 facilities on facility information systems, and facility records were systematically abstracted to determine the degree of completeness of clinical follow-up data to screening mammography examinations with abnormal findings. Facilities were assisted in obtaining additional information through active data follow-up, and this information also was entered into the study's database.
RESULTS. The nature of mammography information systems and the degree of data completeness varied widely. Computerized systems were used at relatively few facilities (12%). The organization of records and data varied widely and was generally not designed to accommodate routine systematic analysis. Screening examinations could be identified without reading the actual text of the mammography report at 94% of the facilities, but reports had to be read at the majority of facilities to identify examinations with abnormal findings (70%). Before active data follow-up, records were incomplete in about 40% of all cases. After active data follow-up, this decreased to 16%. Forty-two facilities achieved an average completeness of more than 90%, whereas the remaining eight lagged significantly behind this level.
CONCLUSION, At the time of this study (late 1992 to early 1993), only about 20% of the facilities surveyed had informational systems and sufficient ascertainment of data to support the practice of mammography audit studies. After active data follow up, more than 80% of the facilities were willing and able to achieve a high degree of data completeness with the assistance of our data abstracters. The results of this study suggest that, with the advent of standardized mammography data collection and analysis systems and increased emphasis on clinical outcomes assessment as a standard of care, the practice of performing mammography audits, although not currently widespread, is feasible for most facilities.
C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF HLTH & IND PROG,DIV MAMMOG QUAL & RADIAT PROG,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
RP BROWN, ML (reprint author), NCI,DIV CANC PREVENT & CONTROL,SURVEILLANCE PROG,APPL RES BRANCH,EXECUT PLAZA N,RM 313,BETHESDA,MD 20855, USA.
NR 12
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC
PI RESTON
PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091
SN 0361-803X
J9 AM J ROENTGENOL
JI Am. J. Roentgenol.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 163
IS 4
BP 825
EP 829
PG 5
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA PH683
UT WOS:A1994PH68300011
PM 8092017
ER
PT J
AU HOLAK, W
SPECCHIO, JJ
AF HOLAK, W
SPECCHIO, JJ
TI DETERMINATION OF SELENIUM IN FOOD SUPPLEMENTS BY DIFFERENTIAL-PURSE
CATHODIC STRIPPING VOLTAMMETRY IN THE PRESENCE OF ADDED COPPER
SO ANALYST
LA English
DT Article
DE SELENIUM; CATHODIC STRIPPING VOLTAMMETRY; FOOD SUPPLEMENTS; COPPER
ID BIOLOGICAL-MATERIALS
AB Selenium was determined by cathodic stripping voltammetry in a 1 mol l(-1) HCl acid solution containing added Cu-II. In this medium, selenium was preconcentrated an the hanging mercury drop electrode and stripped cathodically in differential-pulse mode. After a deposition period of 1 min, 0.2 ng ml(-1) of selenium could be detected. The method was applied to the analysis of food supplements. Total selenium was determined after digestion of the sample with HNO3-HClO4 and reduction to the electroactive Se-IV by heating with HCl. Inorganic selenium (i.e., selenite and selenate) was similarly determined after extraction with dilute sodium hydroxide solution and clean-up on activated carbon. Representative over-the-counter preparations have been analysed.
RP HOLAK, W (reprint author), US FDA,850 3RD AVE,BROOKLYN,NY 11232, USA.
NR 14
TC 31
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 5
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND
CB4 4WF
SN 0003-2654
J9 ANALYST
JI Analyst
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 119
IS 10
BP 2179
EP 2182
DI 10.1039/an9941902179
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA PN356
UT WOS:A1994PN35600006
PM 7992877
ER
PT J
AU ROBINSON, RA
STEWART, SFC
MYERS, MR
LIEN, LF
RINALDI, JR
SWISHER, JL
DRASNER, K
AF ROBINSON, RA
STEWART, SFC
MYERS, MR
LIEN, LF
RINALDI, JR
SWISHER, JL
DRASNER, K
TI IN-VITRO MODELING OF SPINAL-ANESTHESIA - A DIGITAL VIDEO
IMAGE-PROCESSING TECHNIQUE AND ITS APPLICATION TO CATHETER
CHARACTERIZATION
SO ANESTHESIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE ANESTHETIC TECHNIQUES, SPINAL, CONTINUOUS; COMPLICATIONS, NEUROLOGIC,
CAUDA EQUINA SYNDROME
AB Background: Maldistribution of intrathecal local anesthetic has recently been implicated as a contributor to neurotoxic injury. In vitro modeling can be used to understand the distribution of anesthetic agents within the subarachnoid space. We describe an in vitro modeling technique that uses digital video image processing and its application to catheter injection of local anesthetic.
Methods: A clear plastic model of the subarachnoid space, including a simulated spinal cord and cauda equina, was filled with lactated Ringer's solution. Phthalocyanine blue dye of known concentration was injected into the model through small-bore (28-G) and large-bore (18-G) catheters. Injections were performed at a variety of controlled rates and sacral catheter positions, and the propagation of dye throughout the model was recorded on videotape, digitized by computer, and converted to a two-dimensional image of dye concentration. A subset of data was compared with results obtained from spectrophotometric analysis.
Results: There was a strong correlation (r = 0.98) between data obtained with analysis by digital video image processing and those obtained spectrophotometrically. Catheter size, catheter angle, and injection rate significantly influenced the distribution and peak concentration of simulated anesthetic. No major differences in distribution or peak concentration were observed with the two types of 28-G catheters.
Conclusions: The digital video image processing technique can be used to quantify anesthetic distribution rapidly within a model of the subarachnoid space without disturbing the distribution. The current results demonstrate a strong dependence of anesthetic distribution on catheter angle, catheter size, and injection rate. Comparisons between 28-G catheters suggest that the difference in reported incidence of cauda equina syndrome associated with different 28-G catheters cannot be explained on the basis of differences in anesthetic distribution.
C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143.
RP ROBINSON, RA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,12721 TWINBROOK PKWY,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA.
NR 10
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 1
PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106
SN 0003-3022
J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY
JI Anesthesiology
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 81
IS 4
BP 1053
EP 1060
DI 10.1097/00000542-199410000-00030
PG 8
WC Anesthesiology
SC Anesthesiology
GA PK614
UT WOS:A1994PK61400031
PM 7943816
ER
PT J
AU MALOZOWSKI, S
STADEL, B
AF MALOZOWSKI, S
STADEL, B
TI RISKS AND BENEFITS OF INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH-FACTOR
SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Letter
ID FACTOR-I
RP MALOZOWSKI, S (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 4
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572
SN 0003-4819
J9 ANN INTERN MED
JI Ann. Intern. Med.
PD OCT 1
PY 1994
VL 121
IS 7
BP 549
EP 549
PG 1
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA PJ102
UT WOS:A1994PJ10200020
PM 8067657
ER
PT J
AU OSHAUGHNESSY, JA
DENICOFF, AM
VENZON, DJ
DANFORTH, D
PIERCE, LJ
FRAME, JN
BASTIAN, A
GHOSH, B
GOLDSPIEL, B
MILLER, L
DORR, FA
KEEGAN, P
BENBARUCH, N
MROSE, H
NOONE, M
COWAN, KH
AF OSHAUGHNESSY, JA
DENICOFF, AM
VENZON, DJ
DANFORTH, D
PIERCE, LJ
FRAME, JN
BASTIAN, A
GHOSH, B
GOLDSPIEL, B
MILLER, L
DORR, FA
KEEGAN, P
BENBARUCH, N
MROSE, H
NOONE, M
COWAN, KH
TI A DOSE INTENSITY STUDY OF FLAC (5-FLUOROURACIL, LEUCOVORIN, DOXORUBICIN,
CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE) CHEMOTHERAPY AND ESCHERICHIA-COLI-DERIVED
GRANULOCYTE-MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR (GM-CSF) IN ADVANCED
BREAST-CANCER PATIENTS
SO ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE GM-CSF; BREAST CANCER; DOSE INTENSITY
ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; PHASE I-II; ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY;
ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; STAGE-II; MACROPHAGE; CARCINOMA; INVIVO; THERAPY;
MYELOSUPPRESSION
AB Background: It has been demonstrated that granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) can ameliorate chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. The extent to which GM-CSF can increase the actual delivered dose intensity of combination chemotherapy over multiple cycles of therapy to patients with advanced breast cancer has not been well defined. We conducted a phase I/II study of dose-intensive FLAC chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide) in combination with GM-CSF in patients with locally advanced and metastatic breast cancer to study the acute and cumulative toxicities, anti-tumor activity and dose-intensity achievable with this regimen.
Methods: Eighty-one patients with newly diagnosed stages IIB, III and IV breast cancer who were previously untreated with chemotherapy and who had measurable disease received multiple cycles of FLAC chemotherapy plus E. coli-derived GM-CSF administered every three weeks.
Results: FLAC plus GM-CSF as associated with significant cumulative hematologic toxicity. Ninety-eight percent of patients developed grade 4 neutropenia; 29% of all cycles administered required hospitalization for fever and neutropenia; 41% and 22% of cycles required red blood cell and platelet transfusions, respectively. Other significant toxicities with E. coli-derived GM-CSF included mild to moderate first dose effects (hypotension, dyspnea, abdominal cramping) in 30% of patients; late occurring anaphylactoid reactions in 11% of patients; and vascular thromboses. The average delivered dose intensities over all cycles were cyclophosphamide, 210 mg/m2/week; doxorubicin, 14.8 mg/m2/week and 5-fluorouracil, 342 mg/m2/week. The overall clinical response rates were 100% and 83% for LABC and metastatic patients, respectively. There were 23% (6/26) pathologic CR's in the LABC patients given neoadjuvant FLAC and 22% (12/54) clinical CR's in the stage IV patients. The median survival of the LABC patients has not been reached (> 26 months) and is 30 months for the stage IV patients.
Conclusions: The administration of multiple cycles of FLAC plus E. coli-derived GM-CSF therapy is associated with cumulative, dose-limiting myelosuppression, especially thrombocytopenia, as well as significant clinical toxicity. A modest increase in FLAC dose intensity over the starting doses was achievable with the addition of GM-CSF. FLAC chemotherapy has substantial antitumor activity in the treatment of advanced breast cancer. The potential usefulness of FLAC plus GM-CSF must be balanced by its considerable cost and alteration in patients' quality of life due to toxicity. Combination hematopoietic growth factor strategies may be able to reduce the toxicity of FLAC and to allow further increase dose intensity.
C1 NCI, BIOSTAT SECT, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA.
NCI, RADIAT ONCOL BRANCH, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA.
NATL NAVAL MED CTR, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA.
NIH, CTR CLIN, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA.
NCI, CANC THERAPY EVALUAT PROGRAM, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA.
US FDA, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA.
RP OSHAUGHNESSY, JA (reprint author), NCI, MED BRANCH, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA.
RI Venzon, David/B-3078-2008
NR 54
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 1
PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL
PI DORDRECHT
PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0923-7534
J9 ANN ONCOL
JI Ann. Oncol.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 5
IS 8
BP 709
EP 716
PG 8
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA PM786
UT WOS:A1994PM78600011
PM 7826903
ER
PT J
AU TORTORELLO, ML
STEWART, DS
AF TORTORELLO, ML
STEWART, DS
TI ANTIBODY-DIRECT EPIFLUORESCENT FILTER TECHNIQUE FOR RAPID, DIRECT
ENUMERATION OF ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7 IN BEEF
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SEROLOGICAL CROSS-REACTIONS; MICROCOLONY TECHNIQUE; COUNTING BACTERIA;
GROUND-BEEF; RAW-MILK; MEAT; MICROORGANISMS; 0157-H7; QUALITY; GROWTH
AB Artificially inoculated Escherichia coli O157:H7 was directly enumerated in ground beef and beef exudate, without enrichment or selection, by the antibody-direct epifluorescent filter technique (Ab-DEFT). The total assay time of the Ab-DEFT was less than 1 h. The beef was homogenized, treated for 15 min with trypsin and Triton X-100, and passed through a 5-mu m-pore-size prefilter and then through a 0.2-mu m-pore-size black polycarbonate filter. The final filter was stained directly with fluorescein-labeled anti-O157 polyclonal antibody, rinsed, and examined by epifluorescence microscopy: The sensitivity of the Ab-DEFT was compared with that of a standard enrichment culture technique. Both methods reliably determined the presence of the pathogen in beef at 16 CFU/g. The Ab-DEFT was also useful for quantifying the pathogen and monitoring its growth in beef.
RP TORTORELLO, ML (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR FOOD SAFETY & TECHNOL,6502 S ARCHER RD,SUMMIT ARGO,IL 60501, USA.
FU FDA HHS [FD-000431]
NR 34
TC 62
Z9 63
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 60
IS 10
BP 3553
EP 3559
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA PK266
UT WOS:A1994PK26600012
PM 7986032
ER
PT J
AU KHAN, AA
CERNIGLIA, CE
AF KHAN, AA
CERNIGLIA, CE
TI DETECTION OF PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA FROM CLINICAL AND
ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES BY AMPLIFICATION OF THE EXOTOXIN-A GENE USING PCR
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE;
FLUORESCENS GROUP; STRUCTURAL GENE; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; A GENE;
IDENTIFICATION; TOXIN; DNA
AB PCR was used to detect Pseudomonas aeruginosa from water samples by amplifying a 396-bp region of the exotoxin A (ETA) structural gene sequence. The identity of the amplified 396-bp fragment was confirmed by digesting it with PvuI restriction endonuclease, which produced the predicted 246- and 150-bp fragments. Specific primers amplified ETA-positive P. aeruginosa DNA, whereas other species of Pseudomonas and GC-rich bacteria did not yield any 396-bp fragment. The specificity and sensitivity of the assay were 100 and 96%, respectively, which confirms the assay's reliability for diagnostic and epidemiological studies. The assay can detect as few as 5 to 10 cells in a 10-ml water sample or 0.1 pg of P. aeruginosa DNA per reaction mixture (5 mu l) by ethidium bromide staining of an agarose gel. Ten-times-lower concentrations were detected by hybridization with a digoxigenin-labeled oligonucleotide probe internal to the PCR product. With this PCR method, ETA-positive P. aeruginosa was detected in animal cage water samples at a level of 40 cells per ml. This method is rapid and less cumbersome than other diagnostic methods for the identification of P. aeruginosa strains. The method described can be used to detect a low level of P. aeruginosa from environmental and clinical samples without the use of selective media or additional biochemical tests.
C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV MICROBIOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
NR 35
TC 52
Z9 56
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 60
IS 10
BP 3739
EP 3745
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA PK266
UT WOS:A1994PK26600039
PM 7986047
ER
PT J
AU DAVIS, VM
STACK, ME
AF DAVIS, VM
STACK, ME
TI EVALUATION OF ALTERNARIOL AND ALTERNARIOL METHYL-ETHER FOR MUTAGENIC
ACTIVITY IN SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Note
ID STEMPHYLTOXIN-III
AB Alternariol and alternariol methyl ether were tested in the Ames Salmonella typhimurium assay, and both were shown, with and without metabolic activation, to be nonmutagenic to strains TA98 and TA100. The finding of other investigators that alternariol methyl ether is weakly mutagenic to TA98 without metabolic activation could have resulted from the presence of a small amount of one of the highly mutagenic altertoxins in the alternariol methyl ether originally tested.
C1 US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
RP DAVIS, VM (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MOLEC BIOL RES & EVALUAT HFS-236,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 9
TC 26
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 60
IS 10
BP 3901
EP 3902
PG 2
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA PK266
UT WOS:A1994PK26600066
PM 7986060
ER
PT J
AU RIDER, LG
MILLER, FW
TARGOFF, IN
SHERRY, DD
SAMAYOA, E
LINDAHL, M
WENER, MH
PACHMAN, LM
PLOTZ, PH
AF RIDER, LG
MILLER, FW
TARGOFF, IN
SHERRY, DD
SAMAYOA, E
LINDAHL, M
WENER, MH
PACHMAN, LM
PLOTZ, PH
TI A BROADENED SPECTRUM OF JUVENILE MYOSITIS - MYOSITIS-SPECIFIC
AUTOANTIBODIES IN CHILDREN
SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM
LA English
DT Article
ID IDIOPATHIC INFLAMMATORY MYOPATHY; SIGNAL RECOGNITION PARTICLE; TRANSFER
RNA-SYNTHETASE; FOCAL MYOSITIS; PM-SCL; CHILDHOOD; POLYMYOSITIS; ONSET;
DERMATOMYOSITIS; ANTIBODY
AB Objective. Myositis-specific autoantibodies (MSA) define relatively homogenous clinical and immunogenetic patient groups in adults with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). This study explores the usefulness of MSA in defining groups of children with myositis.
Methods. Sera from 77 children with myositis and other connective tissue diseases were tested for MSA by immunoprecipitation and immunodiffusion. Clinical data were collected and analyzed.
Results. The MSA anti-PL-12 (alanyl-transfer RNA synthetase), anti-Jo-1 (histidyl-tRNA synthetase), anti-signal recognition particle, and anti-Mi-2 were each identified in the sera of 12 children with IIM. In these patients, the clinical manifestations, disease courses, and responses to therapy closely resembled those in adults with the same autoantibodies.
Conclusion. These observations suggest that the clinical syndromes defined by particular MSA are similar in children and adults with IIM. By defining similar clinical syndromes in children who have MSA, this study provides a basis for future studies of MSA in the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies of childhood, which may be useful in predicting the clinical courses of a subset of these patients and improving their therapy.
C1 UNIV OKLAHOMA,HLTH SCI CTR,OKLAHOMA CITY,OK.
UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA.
NORTHWESTERN UNIV,SCH MED,CHICAGO,IL.
CHILDRENS MEM HOSP,CHICAGO,IL.
NIAMSD,BETHESDA,MD.
RP RIDER, LG (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BLDG 29,ROOM 507,HFM-521,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
OI Rider, Lisa/0000-0002-6912-2458; Miller, Frederick/0000-0003-2831-9593
FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-27181]
NR 28
TC 49
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106
SN 0004-3591
J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM
JI Arthritis Rheum.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 37
IS 10
BP 1534
EP 1538
DI 10.1002/art.1780371019
PG 5
WC Rheumatology
SC Rheumatology
GA PM444
UT WOS:A1994PM44400018
PM 7945480
ER
PT J
AU WOOD, GM
DAWISHA, S
GOURLEY, M
AF WOOD, GM
DAWISHA, S
GOURLEY, M
TI CHARACTERISTICS OF HPRT-MUTANT T-CELL LINES IN A LUPUS PATIENT TREATED
WITH CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE
SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM
LA English
DT Note
ID HUMAN PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; LYMPHOCYTES-T; 6-THIOGUANINE-RESISTANT
LYMPHOCYTES; GENE-EXPRESSION; RECEPTOR; ERYTHEMATOSUS; FREQUENCY;
CLONING; CHAIN
AB This report describes T cell lines derived from a patient with subacute cutaneous lupus after treatment with intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide. We selected for mitotically active, hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase-deficient (HPRT-)T cells, by culture in a selective medium containing 6-thioguanine. When HPRT- cell lines were derived 6 days after pulse cyclophosphamide (CYC) treatment, they were predominantly CD8+ and T cell receptor (TCR) gamma/delta+, producing interferon-gamma (IFN gamma). Cell lines derived 21 days after CYC treatment were CD4+, TCR alpha/beta+ and produced both IFN gamma and interleukin-4. These results support a possible role for gamma/delta+ T cells in subacute cutaneous lupus and suggest a mechanism for the therapeutic effect of CYC.
C1 NIAMSD,BETHESDA,MD.
US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD.
NR 19
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106
SN 0004-3591
J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM
JI Arthritis Rheum.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 37
IS 10
BP 1548
EP 1552
DI 10.1002/art.1780371021
PG 5
WC Rheumatology
SC Rheumatology
GA PM444
UT WOS:A1994PM44400020
PM 7945481
ER
PT J
AU KESSLER, DA
AF KESSLER, DA
TI HASTINGS LECTURE, DECEMBER 10, 1993, ROCKVILLE, MARYLAND, USA
SO ARTIFICIAL ORGANS
LA English
DT Article
RP KESSLER, DA (reprint author), US DEPT HHS,FOOD & DRUG ADM,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142
SN 0160-564X
J9 ARTIF ORGANS
JI Artif. Organs
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 18
IS 10
BP 718
EP 724
DI 10.1111/j.1525-1594.1994.tb03308.x
PG 7
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Transplantation
SC Engineering; Transplantation
GA PN587
UT WOS:A1994PN58700002
PM 7832651
ER
PT J
AU DAUM, RS
FATTOM, A
FREESE, S
KARAKAWA, W
AF DAUM, RS
FATTOM, A
FREESE, S
KARAKAWA, W
TI CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE SEROTYPES OF COAGULASE-POSITIVE STAPHYLOCOCCI
ASSOCIATED WITH TENOSYNOVITIS, OSTEOMYELITIS, AND OTHER INVASIVE
INFECTIONS IN CHICKENS AND TURKEYS - EVIDENCE FOR NEW CAPSULAR TYPES
SO AVIAN DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID PERSISTENT PATHOGEN; AUREUS TYPE-5; ANTIBODIES
AB To study the role of capsular polysaccharides in staphylococcal infections in chickens and turkeys, we surveyed 101 coagulase-positive isolates obtained from investigators in geographically diverse locales in the United States and Canada, Fifty-six isolates were obtained from chickens; 51 (91%) were type 5, and 5 (9%) were type 8. Forty isolates were obtained from turkeys; 13 (33%) were type 5, 15 (38%) were type 8, and 12 (29%) were untypable. Five type 5 isolates were obtained from poultry of uncertain species. Two untypable turkey isolates were studied further. Rabbit serum obtained after immunization with formalin-killed staphylococci was type-specific as assessed by a tube agglutination test and promoted opsonophagocytosis of the isolate that had been used for immunization. Chromatography of carboxy-reduced capsular polysaccharide from one of the isolates suggested that mannoseaminouronic acid was present in the unreduced polysaccharide. The spectrum obtained by C-13-nuclear magnetic resonance suggested the presence of N-acetyl sugars such as mannoseaminouronic acid and 6-deoxy sugars such as N-acetyl fucosamine. The structure of the polysaccharide differed from that of the type 5 and type 8 capsular polysaccharides. Thus, poultry isolates can be classified into at least four serotypes on the basis of their capsular polysaccharides. This observation provides a new focus for investigation into the epidemiology and virulence determinants of this important pathogen in chickens and turkeys.
C1 UNIVAX BIOL,WALTER W KARAKAWA MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS LAB,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852.
US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOCHEM,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802.
RP DAUM, RS (reprint author), UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT PEDIAT,CHICAGO,IL 60637, USA.
NR 32
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS
PI KENNETT SQ
PA UNIV PENN, NEW BOLTON CENTER, KENNETT SQ, PA 19348-1692
SN 0005-2086
J9 AVIAN DIS
JI Avian Dis.
PD OCT-DEC
PY 1994
VL 38
IS 4
BP 762
EP 771
DI 10.2307/1592112
PG 10
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA PZ318
UT WOS:A1994PZ31800010
PM 7702509
ER
PT J
AU JAMES, SJ
BASNAKIAN, AG
MILLER, BJ
AF JAMES, SJ
BASNAKIAN, AG
MILLER, BJ
TI IN-VITRO FOLATE-DEFICIENCY INDUCES DEOXYNUCLEOTIDE POOL IMBALANCE,
APOPTOSIS, AND MUTAGENESIS IN CHINESE-HAMSTER OVARY CELLS
SO CANCER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID DEOXYRIBONUCLEOSIDE TRIPHOSPHATE POOLS; CERVICAL DYSPLASIA;
ALKYLATING-AGENTS; APRT LOCUS; FOLIC-ACID; DNA; CANCER; MODULATION;
RATS; METHOTREXATE
AB The genetic and epigenetic effects of nutritional folate deficiency were studied in two Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell Lines. The CHO-ABS cell line (hemizygous at the aprt locus) and CHO-UV5 (DNA repair-deficient mutant of AA8) were cultured in Ham's F-12 medium or in custom-prepared Ham's F-12 medium lacking foIic acid, thymidine, and hypoxanthine. Cells cultured acutely in the folate deficient medium exhibited initial growth arrest, followed by massive cell death and DNA fragmentation into nucleosomal multimers characteristic of apoptosis. Although prolonged culture in the folate deficient medium was cytostatic and lethal to the majority cells, minor subpopulations in both cell lines failed to initiate cell death, exhibited phenotypic abnormalities, and adapted a selective growth advantage under marginal folate conditions. These ''resistant'' clones exhibited major alterations in deoxynucleotide pools associated with an increase in mutant frequency at the aprt locus as detected by resistance to cytotoxicity in 8-azaadenosine. The mutation frequency in the DNA repair-deficient CHO-UV5 cells was similar to 100-fold greater than that in the parental AA8 clones, underscoring the importance of DNA repair under conditions of folate deficiency and nucleotide pool imbalance. The enhanced mutation frequency in the DNA repair-competent folate-deficient CHO-BAS cells suggests that DNA repair activity is less effective under folate-deficient conditions. These results add to the accumulating clinical and experimental evidence relating chronic folate deficiency to genomic instability and carcinogenesis.
RP JAMES, SJ (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NUTR TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 54
TC 117
Z9 121
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W.,
PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106
SN 0008-5472
J9 CANCER RES
JI Cancer Res.
PD OCT 1
PY 1994
VL 54
IS 19
BP 5075
EP 5080
PG 6
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA PH774
UT WOS:A1994PH77400011
PM 7923120
ER
PT J
AU LEE, SC
PROSKY, L
AF LEE, SC
PROSKY, L
TI PERSPECTIVES ON NEW DIETARY FIBER DEFINITION
SO CEREAL FOODS WORLD
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID FOODS
C1 US FDA,DIV SPECIAL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
RP LEE, SC (reprint author), KELLOGG CO,BATTLE CREEK,MI, USA.
NR 9
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097
SN 0146-6283
J9 CEREAL FOOD WORLD
JI Cereal Foods World
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 39
IS 10
BP 767
EP 768
PG 2
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA PP269
UT WOS:A1994PP26900008
ER
PT J
AU VANDERVEEN, JE
AF VANDERVEEN, JE
TI INGREDIENT REGULATIONS
SO CEREAL FOODS WORLD
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP VANDERVEEN, JE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097
SN 0146-6283
J9 CEREAL FOOD WORLD
JI Cereal Foods World
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 39
IS 10
BP 769
EP 769
PG 1
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA PP269
UT WOS:A1994PP26900009
ER
PT J
AU PATTERSON, AP
EGGERMAN, TL
AF PATTERSON, AP
EGGERMAN, TL
TI DEVELOPMENTAL AND HORMONAL-REGULATION OF RNA EDITING PROTEIN AND
APOLIPOPROTEIN-B MESSENGER-RNA EDITING IN-VIVO
SO CIRCULATION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER HEART ASSOC
PI DALLAS
PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596
SN 0009-7322
J9 CIRCULATION
JI Circulation
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 90
IS 4
BP 1
EP 1
PN 2
PG 1
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA PN417
UT WOS:A1994PN41700046
ER
PT J
AU RIPPEY, SR
AF RIPPEY, SR
TI INFECTIOUS-DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH MOLLUSCAN SHELLFISH CONSUMPTION
SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
AB A history of shellfish-vectored illnesses (i.e., those associated with consumption of clams, oysters, mussels, and scallops) occurring in the past nine decades is presented. Typhoid fever was a significant public health problem among consumers of raw molluscan shellfish earlier in this century. The development of more effective sewage treatment procedures and die institution of a national program following these outbreaks led to a series of measures which eventually eliminated shellfish-associated typhoid fever. Present-day problems associated with this food source still involve some wastewaterborne bacterial illnesses. However, the principal public health concerns are with wastewater-derived viral pathogens and with bacterial agents of an environmental origin. The nature, occurrence, and magnitude of these public health problems are described.
RP RIPPEY, SR (reprint author), US PHS,US FDA,NE SEAFOOD LAB,DAVISVILLE,RI 02852, USA.
NR 0
TC 212
Z9 223
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0893-8512
J9 CLIN MICROBIOL REV
JI Clin. Microbiol. Rev.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 7
IS 4
BP 419
EP &
PG 0
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA PL403
UT WOS:A1994PL40300001
PM 7834599
ER
PT J
AU LIN, DX
LAY, JO
BRYANT, MS
MALAVEILLE, C
FRIESEN, M
BARTSCH, H
LANG, NP
KADLUBAR, FF
AF LIN, DX
LAY, JO
BRYANT, MS
MALAVEILLE, C
FRIESEN, M
BARTSCH, H
LANG, NP
KADLUBAR, FF
TI ANALYSIS OF 4-AMINOBIPHENYL-DNA ADDUCTS IN HUMAN URINARY-BLADDER AND
LUNG BY ALKALINE-HYDROLYSIS AND NEGATIVE-ION GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY
MASS-SPECTROMETRY
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Conference on Carcinogenic and Mutagenic N-Substituted
Aryl Compounds
CY OCT 18-21, 1992
CL WURZBURG, GERMANY
SP DEUT FORSCHUNGSGEMEINSCH, GERMAN SOC PHARM & TOXICOL, NATL CTR TOXOL RES, JEFFERSON, ARKANSAS, UNIV WURZBURG
DE 4-AMINOBIPHENYL; URINARY BLADDER CANCER; LUNG CANCER; DNA ADDUCTS;
GC-NICI-MS
ID CARCINOGEN-DNA ADDUCTS; HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCTS; AROMATIC-AMINES;
TOBACCO-SMOKE; MUTAGENS; INVIVO; BLACK
AB Analysis of carcinogen-DNA adducts has been regarded as a useful means of assessing human exposure to chemical carcinogens. We have es?tablished a method for quantitation of 4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP)-DNA adducts by alkaline hydrolysis and gas chromatography with negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry (GC-NICI-MS). Aliquots of DNA (typically 100 mu g/ml) were spiked with an internal standard, d(g)-4-ABP, and were hydrolyzed in 0.05 N NaOH at 130 degrees C overnight. The liberated 4-ABP was extracted with hexane and derivatized using pentafluoropropionic anhydride in trimethylamine for 30 min at room temperature prior to GC-NICI-MS. With in vitro [H-3]N-hydroxy-4-ABP modified DNA standards, we observed 59 +/- 7% (n = 9) recovery of the 4-ABP and a linear correlation between hydrolyzed 4-ABP and the adduct levels ranging from about 1 in 10(8) to 1 in 10(4) nucleotides (r = 0.999, n = 9). The method was further validated by comparison of the results with that obtained by the P-32-postlabeling method. There was excellent agreement (r = 0.994, p<0.001) between the two methods for quantitation of the adduct in eight samples of Salmonella typhimurium DNA treated with 4-ABP and rat liver S9, although the P-32-postlabeling method gave slightly higher values. The DNA adducts in 11 human lung and 8 urinary bladder mucosa specimens were then determined by our GC-NICI-MS method. The adduct levels were found to be <0.32 to 49.5 adducts per 10(8) nucleotides in the lungs and <0.32 to 3.94 adducts per 10(8) nucleotides in the bladder samples. Our results indicate that the alkaline hydrolysis/GC-NICI-MS method is sensitive, structure-selective, and accurate, and will be useful for molecular dosimetry of human exposure to this carcinogen.
C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,RES OFF HFT-100,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
SCHERING PLOUGH CORP,RES INST,DEPT DRUG METAB,BLOOMFIELD,NJ 07003.
INT AGCY RES CANC,F-69372 LYON,FRANCE.
JOHN L MCCLELLAN MEM VET ADM MED CTR,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205.
RI Lay, Jackson/G-1007-2011
OI Lay, Jackson/0000-0003-3789-2527
NR 26
TC 58
Z9 58
U1 0
U2 1
PU NATL INST ENVIRON HEALTH SCI
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709
SN 0091-6765
J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP
JI Environ. Health Perspect.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 102
SU 6
BP 11
EP 16
DI 10.2307/3432144
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA PT120
UT WOS:A1994PT12000002
PM 7889831
ER
PT J
AU POIRIER, MC
BELAND, FA
AF POIRIER, MC
BELAND, FA
TI DNA ADDUCT MEASUREMENTS AND TUMOR-INCIDENCE DURING CHRONIC CARCINOGEN
EXPOSURE IN RODENTS
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Conference on Carcinogenic and Mutagenic N-Substituted
Aryl Compounds
CY OCT 18-21, 1992
CL WURZBURG, GERMANY
SP DEUT FORSCHUNGSGEMEINSCH, GERMAN SOC PHARM & TOXICOL, NATL CTR TOXOL RES, JEFFERSON, ARKANSAS, UNIV WURZBURG
DE AROMATIC AMINES; 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE; 4-AMINOBIPHENYL; DNA ADDUCTS;
TUMORIGENESIS; RATS; MICE; CHRONIC DOSING
ID DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS; MOLECULAR
DOSIMETRY; RAT-LIVER; 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE; AFLATOXIN-B1; MICE;
4-(N-METHYL-N-NITROSAMINO)-1-(3-PYRIDYL)-1-BUTANONE; DIETHYLNITROSAMINE;
INDUCTION
AB In an attempt to elucidate the relationship between DNA adduct formation and tumorigenesis, DNA adducts were measured in the livers and bladders of mice during chronic exposure to several different doses of 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) and 4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP). Continuous oral administration of these compounds for 4 weeks produced an increase in DNA adduct formation during the first 2 weeks, followed by a plateau, which presumably occurred because the rate of adduct removal offset the rate of adduct formation. The quantity of DNA adducts present at equilibrium correlated directly with the carcinogen concentration; therefore, when exposure was continued for 4 weeks, DNA adducts that reflected the plateau level at each dose could be expressed as a function of dose, liver and bladder DNA adduct profiles thus obtained during administration of multiple doses of 2-AAF (to female mice) and 4-ABP (to male and female mice) were compared to profiles for tumor incidences obtained during lifetime exposures to the same doses. These experiments demonstrated similar profiles for DNA adduct formation and tumorigenesis in liver. In the bladder, DNA adducts were linear, but tumors only appeared at the higher doses in conjunction with cell proliferation. In addition to these aromatic amines, similar data are available for aflatoxin B-1, diethylnitrosamine, and (methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (also known as nicotine-derived nitrosoketone). Of the nine different biological situations (carcinogen/species/sex/organ) for which data are available, correlations between steady-state DNA adduct levels and tumorigenic response at the different doses were linear in five of the nine biological models. When the relationship between DNA adduct formation and tumor incidence was not linear, the profiles observed were considered to be the result of tissue-specific phenomena such as metabolic activation, cell proliferation, or cytotoxicity.
C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
RP POIRIER, MC (reprint author), NCI,DIV CANC ETIOL,BLDG 37,RM 3B25,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
NR 22
TC 37
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL INST ENVIRON HEALTH SCI
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709
SN 0091-6765
J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP
JI Environ. Health Perspect.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 102
SU 6
BP 161
EP 165
DI 10.2307/3432171
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA PT120
UT WOS:A1994PT12000029
PM 7889840
ER
PT J
AU FU, PP
HERRENOSAENZ, D
VONTUNGELN, LS
LAY, JO
WU, YS
LAI, JS
EVANS, FE
AF FU, PP
HERRENOSAENZ, D
VONTUNGELN, LS
LAY, JO
WU, YS
LAI, JS
EVANS, FE
TI DNA-ADDUCTS AND CARCINOGENICITY OF NITRO-POLYCYCLIC
AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Conference on Carcinogenic and Mutagenic N-Substituted
Aryl Compounds
CY OCT 18-21, 1992
CL WURZBURG, GERMANY
SP DEUT FORSCHUNGSGEMEINSCH, GERMAN SOC PHARM & TOXICOL, NATL CTR TOXOL RES, JEFFERSON, ARKANSAS, UNIV WURZBURG
DE NITRO-POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS; STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY
RELATIONSHIPS; NITROBENZO[A]PYRENE; DNA ADDUCT; TUMORIGENICITY
ID DIRECT-ACTING MUTAGENICITY; HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM;
BACTERIAL MUTAGENICITY; MICROSOMAL METABOLISM; GROUP ORIENTATION; LIVER
MICROSOMES; 3-NITROBENZOPYRENE; 1-NITROBENZOPYRENE; DERIVATIVES
AB We have been interested in the structure-activity relationships of nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitro-PAHs), and have focused on the correlation of structural and electronic features with biological activities, including mutagenicity and tumorigenicity. In our studies, we have emphasized 1-, 2-, 3-, and 6-nitrobenzo[a]pyrenes (nitro-B[a]Ps) and related compounds, all of which are derived from the potent carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene. While 1-, 2-, and 3-nitro-B[a]P are potent mutagens in Salmonella, 6-nitro-B[a]P is a weak mutagen. In vitro metabolism of 1- and 3-nitro-B[a]P has been found to generate multiple pathways for mutagenic activation. The formation of the corresponding trans-7,8-dihydrodiols and 7,8,9,10-tetrahydrotetrols suggests that 1- and 3-nitro-B[a]P tran-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxides are ultimate metabolites of the parent nitro-B[a]Ps. We have isolated a DNA adduct from the reaction between 3-nitro-B[a]P tran-7,8-diol-anti-9,10-epoxide and calf thymus DNA, and identified it as 10-(deoxyguanosin-N-2-yl)-7.8.9-trihydroxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-3-nitro-B[a]P. The same adduct was identified from in vitro metabolism of [H-3]3-nitro-B[a]P by rat liver microsomes in the presence of calf thymus DNA was also isolatd. This adduct was identified as 6-(deoxyguanosin-N-2-yl)-3-amino-B[a]P. These data indicate that a mammalian nitroreductase can metabolize 3-nitro-B[a]P to an activated derivative that reacts with DNA to give a novel adduct distant from the site of nitrenium ion formation. Similar DNA adducts were obtained from ring-oxidation and nitroreduction of 1-nitro-B[a]P. Metabolism of 6-nitro-B[a]P resulted in a different pattern, and DNA adducts have not been detected from chemical or biologic activation. Based on these results, together with the other findings, we have proposed that orientation of the nitro functional group is a critical structural feature that can affect metabolism, DNA binding, mutagenicity, and tumorigenicity of nitro-PAHs. Additional data from the derivatives of the nitro-B[a]ps support this hypothesis.
RP FU, PP (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,HFT-110,,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
RI Lay, Jackson/G-1007-2011
OI Lay, Jackson/0000-0003-3789-2527
NR 48
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 1
U2 2
PU NATL INST ENVIRON HEALTH SCI
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709
SN 0091-6765
J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP
JI Environ. Health Perspect.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 102
SU 6
BP 177
EP 183
DI 10.2307/3432174
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA PT120
UT WOS:A1994PT12000032
PM 7889844
ER
PT J
AU BELAND, FA
FULLERTON, NF
SMITH, BA
HEFLICH, RH
AF BELAND, FA
FULLERTON, NF
SMITH, BA
HEFLICH, RH
TI FORMATION OF DNA-ADDUCTS AND INDUCTION OF MUTATIONS IN RATS TREATED WITH
TUMORIGENIC DOSES OF 1,6-DINITROPYRENE
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Conference on Carcinogenic and Mutagenic N-Substituted
Aryl Compounds
CY OCT 18-21, 1992
CL WURZBURG, GERMANY
SP DEUT FORSCHUNGSGEMEINSCH, GERMAN SOC PHARM & TOXICOL, NATL CTR TOXOL RES, JEFFERSON, ARKANSAS, UNIV WURZBURG
DE LYMPHOCYTES; N-(DEOXYGUANOSIN-8-YL)-1-AMINO-6-NITROPYRENE; P-32
POSTLABELING; DIESEL EXHAUST; 6-THIOGUANINE; LUNG; LIVER
ID DIESEL EXHAUST EXPOSURE; ETHYL-N-NITROSOUREA; MOLECULAR DOSIMETRY;
FISCHER-344 RATS; RISK ASSESSMENT; ANIMAL-MODELS; LUNG-CANCER; F344
RATS; CARCINOMA; CARCINOGENICITY
AB 1,6-Dinitropyrene, a component of diesel exhaust, is a lung carcinogen in male F344 rats following a single intrapulmonary;administration. In this study, rats were treated with tumorigenic doses of 1,6-dinitropyrene to establish dose-response relationships for the formation of DNA adducts in target (lung) and nontarget (liver) tissues and for the induction of 6-thioguanine-resistant mutations in spleen T-lymphocytes. One week after treatment with 0.3, 1, 3, 10, 30, 100, or 150 mu g of 1,6-dinitropyrene, dose-responsive DNA binding was measured in lung and liver with binding in the lung being 10-fold higher than in the liver. In the lung, a 2-fold increase in dose resulted in a 1.8-fold increase in DNA binding at treatments up to 30 mu g of 1,6-dinitropyrene, while in the liver, a 2 fold increase in 1,6-dinitropyrene produced a 2-fold increase in DNA binding at doses up to the 10 mu g treatment. Higher doses of 1,6-dinitropyrene resulted in proportionally smaller increases in adduct formation in the two tissues. When measured 21 weeks after treatment, mutations in T-lymphocytes increased with doses up to 100 mu g of 1,6-dinitropyrene, but the response was nonlinear throughout the dose range. These findings indicate that concentrations of 1,6-dinitropyrene that produce a dose-dependent induction of lung tumors also result in a dose-dependent formation of DNA adducts and induction of lymphocyte mutations but that the dose-response curves for DNA binding and mutations are different.
RP BELAND, FA (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,HFT-110,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 39
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL INST ENVIRON HEALTH SCI
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709
SN 0091-6765
J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP
JI Environ. Health Perspect.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 102
SU 6
BP 185
EP 189
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA PT120
UT WOS:A1994PT12000033
PM 7889845
ER
PT J
AU TAYLOR, LD
BINIENDA, Z
SCHMUED, L
SLIKKER, W
AF TAYLOR, LD
BINIENDA, Z
SCHMUED, L
SLIKKER, W
TI THE EFFECT OF DIDEOXYCYTIDINE ON LYMPHOCYTE SUBPOPULATIONS IN
NONHUMAN-PRIMATES
SO FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INVITRO; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; NUCLEOSIDE
ANALOGS; ZIDOVUDINE AZT; HIV-INFECTION; RHESUS-MONKEY; PHASE-I;
2',3'-DIDEOXYCYTIDINE; TOXICITY; IMMUNE
AB In the present study, 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddC), which has antiretroviral activity, was given chronically to uninfected nonhuman primates to determine whether it produces adverse immunological or hematological effects. Nine healthy adult male rhesus monkeys were divided into three groups and given the following doses of ddC in a gelatin vehicle: group A, 0.06, 6.0, 3.0, and 1.5 mg/kg; group B, 0.6 mg/kg; group C, 0 mg/kg. Blood samples were collected for hematologic analysis and flow cytometric analyses of lymphocyte subpopulations. Chronic ddC exposure did not cause significant changes in the number of red blood cells, monocytes, or reticulocytes. The number of white blood cells and neutrophils increased and these changes were observed only in group A animals at the 1.5 mg/kg dose. The most significant alterations observed were decreases in the number of T helper cells (CD4) and B cells (CD20). CD4(+) and CD20(+) lymphocytes exhibited dose-related shifts that were reversible over time and after drug withdrawal. The results indicate that ddC has few hematologic effects but it does have profound but transient effects on the number of cells in lymphocyte subpopulations in normal primates. (C) 1994 Society of Toxicology.
C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
RP TAYLOR, LD (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [YO1-ES-10187]; PHS HHS [224-91-0001]
NR 27
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495
SN 0272-0590
J9 FUND APPL TOXICOL
JI Fundam. Appl. Toxicol.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 23
IS 3
BP 434
EP 438
DI 10.1006/faat.1994.1125
PG 5
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA PL450
UT WOS:A1994PL45000014
PM 7530668
ER
PT J
AU ANSHER, SS
THOMPSON, W
AF ANSHER, SS
THOMPSON, W
TI MODULATION OF HEPATIC MESSENGER-RNA LEVELS AFTER ADMINISTRATION OF
LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE AND DIPHTHERIA AND TETANUS TOXOIDS AND
PERTUSSIS-VACCINE ADSORBED (DTP VACCINE) TO MICE
SO HEPATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; INTERFERON-INDUCING
AGENTS; DRUG-METABOLISM; ISOLATED HEPATOCYTES; SEPTIC SHOCK; EXPRESSION;
INTERLEUKIN-1; ENDOTOXIN; CYTOKINES
AB Administration of whole-cell diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine adsorbed (DTP vaccine) caused marked depression in the expression of mRNA for isozymes of cytochrome P-450 in the livers of endotoxin-responsive and nonresponsive mice. The levels of expression of mRNA for a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-inducible (CYP1A2) and an ethanol-inducible (CYP2E1) form of P-450 were reduced by 70% to 80% 8 to 12 hr after vaccination or Bordetella pertussis endotoxin administration. These effects are preceded by marked increases (threefold to sixfold) in mRNA expression for interleukin-6, interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor in both strains of mice, with maximal increases 1 to 2 hr after injection. This is the first demonstration that levels of cytokine mRNA are altered in the liver in response to DTP vaccine adminis tration. The finding of increased cytokine mRNA in the livers of mice injected with vaccine supports a role for cytokines as mediators of the decreased levels of cytochrome P-450. In addition, inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA expression is also increased after vaccine administration, with a peak at 4 hr. The temporal relationship of the increased cytokine mRNA expression, increased nitric oxide synthase and decreased expression of P-450 mRNAs suggests a mechanism by which cytokines mediate the induction of nitric oxide synthase, which increases nitric oxide and decreases the activities of some cytochromes P-450.
RP ANSHER, SS (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BACTERIAL TOXINS LAB,BLDG 29,ROOM 528,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
NR 46
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU W B SAUNDERS CO
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA
19106-3399
SN 0270-9139
J9 HEPATOLOGY
JI Hepatology
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 20
IS 4
BP 984
EP 991
DI 10.1002/hep.1840200430
PN 1
PG 8
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA PJ592
UT WOS:A1994PJ59200029
PM 7523268
ER
PT J
AU JAMES, SJ
MUSKHELISHVILI, L
POIRIER, L
STABLER, SP
ALLEN, RH
VILLANUEVA, J
HALSTED, CH
AF JAMES, SJ
MUSKHELISHVILI, L
POIRIER, L
STABLER, SP
ALLEN, RH
VILLANUEVA, J
HALSTED, CH
TI INCREASED HEPATOCELLULAR PROLIFERATION AND APOPTOTIC CELL-DEATH IS
ASSOCIATED WITH ABNORMAL ONE-CARBON METABOLISM IN ETHANOL-FED MICROPIGS
SO HEPATOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
UNIV COLORADO,SCH MED,DENVER,CO 80202.
UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT INTERNAL MED,DAVIS,CA 95616.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU W B SAUNDERS CO
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA
19106-3399
SN 0270-9139
J9 HEPATOLOGY
JI Hepatology
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 20
IS 4
BP A315
EP A315
PN 2
PG 1
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA PM556
UT WOS:A1994PM55600871
ER
PT J
AU LAU, D
MOSTOWSKI, H
HOOFNAGLE, JH
SALLIE, R
AF LAU, D
MOSTOWSKI, H
HOOFNAGLE, JH
SALLIE, R
TI NUCLEOSIDE ANALOG TOXICITY AND MITOCHONDRIA
SO HEPATOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 NIDDK,LIVER DIS SECT,BETHESDA,MD.
US FDA,CTR BIL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NR 0
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU W B SAUNDERS CO
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA
19106-3399
SN 0270-9139
J9 HEPATOLOGY
JI Hepatology
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 20
IS 4
BP A189
EP A189
PN 2
PG 1
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA PM556
UT WOS:A1994PM55600370
ER
PT J
AU MARRONE, A
KLEINER, D
MAHANEY, K
CONJEEVERAM, H
TADESCHI, V
HOOFNAGLE, JH
SALLIE, R
AF MARRONE, A
KLEINER, D
MAHANEY, K
CONJEEVERAM, H
TADESCHI, V
HOOFNAGLE, JH
SALLIE, R
TI THE SIGNIFICANCE OF HEPATIC HCV RNA - ANALYSIS BY SEMIQUANTITATIVE
IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION
SO HEPATOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 NIDDK,LIVER DIS SECT,BETHESDA,MD.
NCI,EXTRACELLULAR PATHOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
US FDA,CBER,BETHESDA,MD 20014.
NR 0
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU W B SAUNDERS CO
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA
19106-3399
SN 0270-9139
J9 HEPATOLOGY
JI Hepatology
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 20
IS 4
BP A236
EP A236
PN 2
PG 1
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA PM556
UT WOS:A1994PM55600555
ER
PT J
AU PHAM, D
WALSHE, D
MONTGOMERY, J
BUSKELLBALES, Z
COLLIER, K
LOKKEN, G
CLAGGETT, J
WILSON, L
BISWAS, R
GIBERT, C
LEEFF, LB
AF PHAM, D
WALSHE, D
MONTGOMERY, J
BUSKELLBALES, Z
COLLIER, K
LOKKEN, G
CLAGGETT, J
WILSON, L
BISWAS, R
GIBERT, C
LEEFF, LB
TI SEROEPIDEMIOLOGY OF HEPATITIS-C AND HEPATITIS-B IN AN URBAN VA
MEDICAL-CENTER
SO HEPATOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
VET ADM MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20422.
NR 0
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 1
PU W B SAUNDERS CO
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA
19106-3399
SN 0270-9139
J9 HEPATOLOGY
JI Hepatology
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 20
IS 4
BP A236
EP A236
PN 2
PG 1
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA PM556
UT WOS:A1994PM55600556
ER
PT J
AU PHAM, DO
MONTGOMERY, J
BUSKELLBALES, Z
CLAGGETT, J
WILSON, L
BISWAS, R
SEEFF, LB
AF PHAM, DO
MONTGOMERY, J
BUSKELLBALES, Z
CLAGGETT, J
WILSON, L
BISWAS, R
SEEFF, LB
TI SPECIFICITY OF 2ND-GENERATION ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOASSAY (EIA) IN
DIAGNOSIS OF HEPATITIS-C VIRUS (HCV) INFECTION
SO HEPATOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 VET ADM MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20422.
US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU W B SAUNDERS CO
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA
19106-3399
SN 0270-9139
J9 HEPATOLOGY
JI Hepatology
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 20
IS 4
BP A237
EP A237
PN 2
PG 1
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA PM556
UT WOS:A1994PM55600557
ER
PT J
AU SHAYIQ, RM
ROBERTS, DW
ROTHSTEIN, K
SNAWDER, JE
BENSON, RW
HO, LL
MA, X
BLACK, M
AF SHAYIQ, RM
ROBERTS, DW
ROTHSTEIN, K
SNAWDER, JE
BENSON, RW
HO, LL
MA, X
BLACK, M
TI INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE HEPATOPROTECTION AFFORDED BY PRETREATMENT WITH
NONTOXIC DOSES OF ACETAMINOPHEN
SO HEPATOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 TEMPLE UNIV,HLTH SCI CTR,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL & MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19140.
NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU W B SAUNDERS CO
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA
19106-3399
SN 0270-9139
J9 HEPATOLOGY
JI Hepatology
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 20
IS 4
BP A187
EP A187
PN 2
PG 1
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA PM556
UT WOS:A1994PM55600363
ER
PT J
AU MILAGRES, LG
RAMOS, SR
SACCHI, CT
MELLES, CEA
VIEIRA, VSD
SATO, H
BRITO, GS
MORAES, JC
FRASCH, CE
AF MILAGRES, LG
RAMOS, SR
SACCHI, CT
MELLES, CEA
VIEIRA, VSD
SATO, H
BRITO, GS
MORAES, JC
FRASCH, CE
TI IMMUNE-RESPONSE OF BRAZILIAN CHILDREN TO A NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS
SEROGROUP-B OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN VACCINE - COMPARISON WITH EFFICACY
SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
LA English
DT Article
ID MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; POLYSACCHARIDE; PROTECTION;
COMPLEX; ASSAY
AB Since 1986, serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis has caused approximately 80% of of the meningococcal disease in Brazil. In 1988, an epidemic caused by N. meningitidis B:4:P1.15 was recognized in the greater Sao Paulo area of Brazil. The Sao Paulo state government decided to vaccinate children from 3 to 83 months of age with a vaccine consisting of serotype 4 outer membrane protein acid group C meningococcal polysaccharide that was produced in Cuba. About 2.7 million children were vaccinated during two immunization campaigns conducted in 1989 and 1990. Because of this, a case control study was designed to determine vaccine efficacy against group B meningococcal disease. The purpose of our study was to compare the antibody response with the protection from disease estimated from the case-control study. We measured the immune responses of vaccinees by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunoblot, and bactericidal assay. The development of bactericidal antibodies was age dependent and in good agreement with the results of the case-control study. Only 40% of vaccinees showed fourfold or greater increases in bactericidal antibody titers after vaccination. A poor correlation between antibody levels detected by ELISA and those by bactericidal assay was found. Immunoblot analysis showed that about 50% of the serum samples with bactericidal titers higher than 1:4 were reactive with class 1 outer membrane protein. We conclude that the bactericidal assay is a good, laboratory-based, functional assay for the study of vaccine immunogenicity and that an effective solution to group B meningococcal disease remains to be demonstrated.
C1 EPIDEMIOL SURVEILLANCE CTR,SAO PAULO,BRAZIL.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD.
RP MILAGRES, LG (reprint author), ADOLFO LUTZ INST,DIV BACTERIOL,AV DR ARNALDO 351,BR-01246902 SAO PAULO,BRAZIL.
NR 36
TC 128
Z9 129
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0019-9567
J9 INFECT IMMUN
JI Infect. Immun.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 62
IS 10
BP 4419
EP 4424
PG 6
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA PH298
UT WOS:A1994PH29800044
PM 7927704
ER
PT J
AU BOLOTOVSKI, VM
GRABOWSKY, M
CLEMENTS, CJ
ALBRECHT, P
BRENNER, ER
ZARGARYANTZS, AI
LITVINOV, SK
MIKHEYEVA, IV
AF BOLOTOVSKI, VM
GRABOWSKY, M
CLEMENTS, CJ
ALBRECHT, P
BRENNER, ER
ZARGARYANTZS, AI
LITVINOV, SK
MIKHEYEVA, IV
TI IMMUNIZATION OF 6-MONTH-OLD AND 9-MONTH-OLD INFANTS WITH AIK-C,
EDMONSTON-ZAGREB, LENINGRAD-16 AND SCHWARZ STRAINS OF MEASLES-VACCINE
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID RUBELLA TAKAHASHI STRAIN; MUMPS HOSHINO STRAIN; MATERNAL ANTIBODY; VIRUS
VACCINE; MORTALITY; BANGLADESH; AGE
AB Background. Measles kills more than 1 million infants per year and is particularly lethal in infants <1 year old in developing countries. Recent reports have suggested that measles Vaccines of different strains and titre differ in their immunogenicity in young infants. We sought to identify strains and titres of measles Vaccines which would be effective in 6 and 9 month old infants.
Methods. We conducted a randomized trial of AIK-C, Edmonston-Zagreb (EZ), Leningrad-16 and Schwarz strains of measles vaccine at different titres in 1202 6 month old and 1250 9 month old infants. Antibody levels were measured by haemagglutination inhibition assay. Seroconversion was defined as a change from seronegative to seropositive or a fourfold rise in titre above the expected level after antibody decay (assumed antibody half-life = 6 weeks). Chi-square tests were used to compare seroconversion rates and rates of adverse reactions among the groups. Comparison of geometric mean titres (GMT) was done by the Student's t-test.
Results. No severe or unusual adverse reactions occurred during the 6 weeks after vaccination. All strains induced high seroconversion rates in 9 month old infants. In 6 month olds, medium- and standard-titre AIK-C induced the highest rates of seroconversion. Antibody titres at 6 weeks after vaccination were highest in recipients of Schwarz vaccine and lowest for EZ vaccine recipients.
Conclusions, Standard-titre AIK-C may be more effective than other measles Vaccine strains for early measles immunization and should be evaluated further for efficacy, long-term immunogenicity, and long-term safety.
C1 MOSCOW CENT EPIDEMIOL INST,MOSCOW,RUSSIA.
WHO,EXPANDED PROGRAMME IMMUNIZAT,CH-1211 GENEVA,SWITZERLAND.
US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014.
NR 38
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM
PI OXFORD
PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP
SN 0300-5771
J9 INT J EPIDEMIOL
JI Int. J. Epidemiol.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 23
IS 5
BP 1069
EP 1077
DI 10.1093/ije/23.5.1069
PG 9
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA PT303
UT WOS:A1994PT30300024
PM 7860158
ER
PT J
AU STROMBERG, K
JOHNSON, GR
OCONNOR, DM
SORENSEN, CM
GULLICK, WJ
KANNAN, B
AF STROMBERG, K
JOHNSON, GR
OCONNOR, DM
SORENSEN, CM
GULLICK, WJ
KANNAN, B
TI FREQUENT IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL DETECTION OF EGF SUPERGENE FAMILY MEMBERS
IN OVARIAN CARCINOGENESIS
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGICAL PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE EGF; AR; TGF-ALPHA; CRIPTO; EGF-R; ERBB-2; OVARIAN TUMORS
ID EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR; COMMON EPITHELIAL TUMORS; FACTOR RECEPTOR
FAMILY; HUMAN-BREAST-CANCER; FACTOR-ALPHA; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION;
C-ERBB-2 ONCOPROTEIN; MALIGNANT-TUMORS; CELL-LINES; EXPRESSION
AB Primary and metastatic ovarian cystadenocarcinomas, carcinomas of low malignant potential (borderline tumors), benign ovarian cystadenomas, and normal ovaries were compared for immunoperoxidase detection of the ligands epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha), amphiregulin (AR), cripto, and the receptors, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-T), and c-erbB-2. This matrix analysis of these EGF family members indicated no specific pattern of ligand or receptor expression with a specific ovarian histologic category except in the case of AR and TGF-alpha. AR was detected almost exclusively in borderline tumors, suggesting that these tumors may not arise as a pathological continuum between benign cystadenomas and invasive cystadenocarcinomas. Second, the presence of TGF-alpha immunoreactivity in the absence of coexpression of cripto or EGF appeared to be associated only with adenocarcinomas of high grade and stage.
C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20814.
ONCOGENE SCI INC,CAMBRIDGE,CAMBS,ENGLAND.
HAMMERSMITH HOSP,IMPERIAL CANC RES FUND,MOLEC ONCOL LAB,LONDON W12 0HS,ENGLAND.
RP STROMBERG, K (reprint author), CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES FOOD & DRUG ADM,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,CELL BIOL LAB,HFM-511,BLDG 29A,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
NR 38
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106
SN 0277-1691
J9 INT J GYNECOL PATHOL
JI Int. J. Gynecol. Pathol.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 13
IS 4
BP 342
EP 347
DI 10.1097/00004347-199410000-00008
PG 6
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pathology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pathology
GA PJ352
UT WOS:A1994PJ35200008
PM 7814196
ER
PT J
AU HELLMAN, KB
PICCIOLO, GL
FOX, CF
AF HELLMAN, KB
PICCIOLO, GL
FOX, CF
TI BIOTECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS IN BIOMATERIALS
SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MICROBIOL & MOLEC GENET,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024.
RP HELLMAN, KB (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA.
NR 3
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0730-2312
J9 J CELL BIOCHEM
JI J. Cell. Biochem.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 56
IS 2
BP 143
EP 144
DI 10.1002/jcb.240560202
PG 2
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA PJ445
UT WOS:A1994PJ44500001
PM 7829569
ER
PT J
AU BURLINGTON, DB
AF BURLINGTON, DB
TI INTRODUCTORY-REMARKS TO THE BIOTECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS IN BIOMATERIALS
WORKSHOP
SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP BURLINGTON, DB (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0730-2312
J9 J CELL BIOCHEM
JI J. Cell. Biochem.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 56
IS 2
BP 145
EP 146
DI 10.1002/jcb.240560203
PG 2
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA PJ445
UT WOS:A1994PJ44500002
PM 7829570
ER
PT J
AU HELLMAN, KB
PICCIOLO, GL
FOX, CF
AF HELLMAN, KB
PICCIOLO, GL
FOX, CF
TI PROSPECTS FOR APPLICATION OF BIOTECHNOLOGY-DERIVED BIOMATERIALS
SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID TISSUE
C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MICROBIOL & MOLEC GENET,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024.
RP HELLMAN, KB (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA.
NR 21
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0730-2312
J9 J CELL BIOCHEM
JI J. Cell. Biochem.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 56
IS 2
BP 210
EP 224
DI 10.1002/jcb.240560216
PG 15
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA PJ445
UT WOS:A1994PJ44500015
PM 7829583
ER
PT J
AU TIMENETSKY, MDST
SANTOS, N
GOUVEA, V
AF TIMENETSKY, MDST
SANTOS, N
GOUVEA, V
TI SURVEY OF ROTAVIRUS G-TYPE AND P-TYPE ASSOCIATED WITH HUMAN
GASTROENTERITIS IN SAO-PAULO, BRAZIL, FROM 1986 TO 1992
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Note
ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; SEROTYPES; GENE
AB Rotavirus strains causing gastroenteritis in Brazilian children were characterized by PCR-based typing assays. In addition to strains bearing the major human G and P types, large numbers of strains bearing P3 (M37-like), P6 (HCR3-like), untypeable P and G types, and complex mixtures of P and G types not previously recognized were present in the community.
C1 US FDA,DIV MOLEC BIOL RES & EVALUAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
INST ADOLFO LUTZ REGISTRO,VIROL LAB,BR-01246900 SAO PAULO,BRAZIL.
RI TIMENETSKY, MARIA/I-7593-2013; Santos, Norma/H-6986-2015
OI Santos, Norma/0000-0002-5123-9172
NR 20
TC 103
Z9 104
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0095-1137
J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL
JI J. Clin. Microbiol.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 32
IS 10
BP 2622
EP 2624
PG 3
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA PG912
UT WOS:A1994PG91200059
ER
PT J
AU MCCARTHY, SA
MILLER, AL
AF MCCARTHY, SA
MILLER, AL
TI EFFECT OF 3 BIOCIDES ON LATIN-AMERICAN AND GULF-COAST STRAINS OF
TOXIGENIC VIBRIO-CHOLERAE-O1
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION
LA English
DT Article
DE VIBRIO CHOLERAE O1; CHOLERA; BIOCIDES; GULF COAST
ID EPIDEMIC; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE-O1
AB The survivability of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 aboard cargo ships in ballast water taken from cholera-contaminated waterways may be enhanced by its attachment to particles. This study examined the effects of three biocides on attached and suspended cells of toxigenic V. cholerae isolate ''J'' (ballast water isolate) recovered from ballast water; strain C6707 (Latin American epidemic strain) involved in the Latin American epidemic and strain VRL 1984 (the toxigenic strain endemic to the Gulf Coast). Chitin was the substrate used for attachment. Attached cells of isolate ''J'' were reduced by 4 logs and those of strains C6707 and VRL 1984 were reduced by 3 logs after exposure to 100 ppm Povidone-iodine for 20 min. Attached isolate ''J'' cells were reduced by 5 logs, and attached C6707 cells were reduced to <1 CFU/ml (6 log decrease) after exposure to 800 ppm chlorine after 20 min. Although numbers of VRL 1984 were reduced to <1 CFU/ml after exposure to 800 ppm chlorine for 5 min, counts rose to 10(1) CFU/ml in 20 min. Numbers of isolate ''J'' were reduced to <1 CFU/ml and those of C6707 were reduced by 6 logs after exposure to 200 ppm Roccal II (QAC) for 10 min. No VRL 1984 cells were recovered after 5 min exposure to 400 ppm and 20 min exposure to 200 ppm QAC. Suspended cells were reduced to <1 CFU/ml after exposure to 25 ppm iodine, 100 ppm chlorine or 50 ppm QAC for 2 min; however, intact nonculturable cells were detected by polymerase chain reaction in iodine-treated suspensions. Latin American and Gulf Coast strains were equally susceptible to disinfection.
RP MCCARTHY, SA (reprint author), US FDA, GULF COAST RES LAB, DAUPHIN ISL, AL 36528 USA.
NR 12
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 2
PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION
PI DES MOINES
PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA
SN 0362-028X
EI 1944-9097
J9 J FOOD PROTECT
JI J. Food Prot.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 57
IS 10
BP 865
EP 869
PG 5
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
GA PR953
UT WOS:A1994PR95300003
ER
PT J
AU SOLOMON, HM
RHODEHAMEL, EJ
KAUTTER, DA
AF SOLOMON, HM
RHODEHAMEL, EJ
KAUTTER, DA
TI GROWTH AND TOXIN PRODUCTION BY CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM IN SLICED RAW
POTATOES UNDER VACUUM WITH AND WITHOUT SULFITE
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION
LA English
DT Article
DE CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM; POTATOES; SULFITES; VACUUM-PACKAGING
ID COOKED POTATOES; FOODS
AB The ability of Clostridium botulinum type A or B spores to grow and produce toxin in fresh raw potatoes under vacuum with or without sulfite at 22 degrees C was investigated. Fresh, peeled, sliced potatoes, untreated or dipped for 2 min in sulfite (NaHSO3) and drained, were surface-inoculated at several levels with a mixture of C. botulinum spores, either type A or B, and placed in oxygen-impermeable bags (200 g/bag) that were then vacuum-sealed and incubated at room temperature (22 degrees C). Toxicity was tested on days 0, 3, 4, 5 and 6. After incubation, the potatoes were blended and centrifuged, and the millipore-filtered supernatant fluid was injected intraperitoneally into mice. Sensory evaluation, except taste, was also performed. Potatoes inoculated with C. botulinum type A spores, but untreated with NaHSO3 became toxic in 3 days, which coincided with the sensory evaluation, ''Unfit for human consumption.'' However, despite inoculum size or residual SO2 levels, potatoes treated with NaHSO3 appeared acceptable for human consumption through day 6, even though they were toxic after 4 days of incubation. Toxicity from type B spores occurred later and in fewer test samples than type A. Again, the potatoes appeared acceptable but were toxic. Thus, although NaHSO3 markedly extended the consumer acceptability of peeled, sliced, raw potatoes at the abuse temperature, it did not inhibit outgrowth and toxin production by C. botulinum under these same conditions.
C1 US FDA,DIV HAZARD ANAL CRIT CONTROL POINT PROGRAMS,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
RP SOLOMON, HM (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 25
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 4
PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC
PI DES MOINES
PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838
SN 0362-028X
J9 J FOOD PROTECT
JI J. Food Prot.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 57
IS 10
BP 878
EP 881
PG 4
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
GA PR953
UT WOS:A1994PR95300006
ER
PT J
AU BHATNAGAR, N
GETACHEW, E
STRALEY, S
WILLIAMS, J
MELTZER, M
FORTIER, A
AF BHATNAGAR, N
GETACHEW, E
STRALEY, S
WILLIAMS, J
MELTZER, M
FORTIER, A
TI REDUCED VIRULENCE OF RIFAMPICIN-RESISTANT MUTANTS OF
FRANCISELLA-TULARENSIS
SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID RNA-POLYMERASE; IDENTIFICATION; INFECTION; IMMUNITY; PROTEINS;
MACROPHAGES; EXPRESSION; STRAIN; CELLS; GENE
AB Rifampicin-resistant mutants of a live vaccine strain (LVS) of Francisella tularensis were produced and screened for virulence in mice; 4 avirulent clones with intraperitoneal (ip) LD(50)s > 10(6) cfu, compared with 10(2) cfu for LVS, were characterized. Growth characteristics at 37 degrees C, surface envelope proteins, and lipopolysaccharide profiles of resistant mutants were identical to those of LVS. Polymerase activity of the mutants was more resistant than the enzyme from LVS to the inhibitory action of rifampicin. Growth rates for mutants and LVS were similar during the first 5 h at 42 degrees C, but viability of the mutants decreased to < 0.01% at 24 h. LVS and mutants differed in their ability to grow in vitro in host macrophages: LVS increased 580-fold over 72 h; mutants increased 33-fold. After ip inoculation of the organisms into mice, increasing numbers of LVS from peritoneal cells were isolated; mutants decreased over 4 days.
C1 ENTRE MED INC,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850.
WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT CELLULAR IMMUNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307.
WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT BACTERIAL DIS,WASHINGTON,DC 20307.
UNIV KENTUCKY,MED CTR,DEPT IMMUNOL & MICROBIOL,LEXINGTON,KY.
KAISER PERMANENTE,FOOD & DRUG ADM,DERMATOL SERV,VACCINES BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD.
NR 38
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637
SN 0022-1899
J9 J INFECT DIS
JI J. Infect. Dis.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 170
IS 4
BP 841
EP 847
PG 7
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA PJ694
UT WOS:A1994PJ69400013
PM 7930725
ER
PT J
AU WEAR, KA
MYERS, KJ
WAGNER, RF
RAJAN, SS
GROSSMAN, LW
AF WEAR, KA
MYERS, KJ
WAGNER, RF
RAJAN, SS
GROSSMAN, LW
TI AN AUTOREGRESSIVE METHOD FOR HIGH-RESOLUTION ONE-DIMENSIONAL
CHEMICAL-SHIFT IMAGING
SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE SERIES B
LA English
DT Note
ID SPECTRAL ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES; DOPPLER ULTRASOUND; LOCALIZATION;
SPECTROSCOPY; P-31
C1 GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20007.
RP WEAR, KA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,12720 TWINBROOK PKWY,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 29
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495
SN 1064-1866
J9 J MAGN RESON SER B
JI J. Magn. Reson. Ser. B
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 105
IS 2
BP 172
EP 176
DI 10.1006/jmrb.1994.1117
PG 5
WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Physics
GA PN454
UT WOS:A1994PN45400009
PM 7952931
ER
PT J
AU LUDDEN, TM
BEAL, SL
SHEINER, LB
AF LUDDEN, TM
BEAL, SL
SHEINER, LB
TI COMPARISON OF THE AKAIKE INFORMATION CRITERION, THE SCHWARZ CRITERION
AND THE F-TEST AS GUIDES TO MODEL SELECTION
SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOKINETICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE AKAIKE INFORMATION CRITERION (AIC); SCHWARZ CRITERION; F TEST; MODEL
SELECTION
ID PHARMACOKINETIC MULTIEXPONENTIAL EQUATIONS
AB In pharmacokinetic data analysis, it is frequently necessary to select the number of exponential terms in a polyexponential expression used to describe the concentration-time relationship. The performance characteristics of several selection criteria, the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), and the Schwarz Criterion (SC), and the F test (alpha=0.05), were examined using Monte Carlo simulations. In particular, the ability of these criteria to select the correct model; to select a model allowing estimation of pharmacokinetic parameters with small bias and good precision, and to select a model allowing precise predictions of concentration was evaluated. To some extent interrelationships among these procedures is explainable. Results indicate that the F test tends to choose the simpler model more often than does either the AIC or SC, even when the more complex model is correct. Also, the F test is more sensitive to deficient sampling designs. Clearance estimates are generally very robust to the choice of the wrong model. Other pharmacokinetic parameters are more sensitive to model choice, particularly the apparent elimination rate constant. Prediction-of concentrations is generally more precise when the correct model is chosen. The tendency for the F test (alpha=0.05) to choose the simpler model must be considered relative to the objectives of the study.
C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT LAB MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143.
RP LUDDEN, TM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,OFF RES RESOURCES,DIV BIOPHARMACEUT,ROOM 13B06,HFD-420,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
FU PHS HHS [26676]
NR 16
TC 169
Z9 169
U1 2
U2 9
PU PLENUM PUBL CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0090-466X
J9 J PHARMACOKINET BIOP
JI J. Pharmacokinet. Biopharm.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 22
IS 5
BP 431
EP 445
DI 10.1007/BF02353864
PG 15
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA QT172
UT WOS:A1994QT17200005
PM 7791040
ER
PT J
AU BROENING, HW
BACON, L
SLIKKER, W
AF BROENING, HW
BACON, L
SLIKKER, W
TI AGE MODULATES THE LONG-TERM BUT NOT THE ACUTE EFFECTS OF THE
SEROTONERGIC NEUROTOXICANT 3,4-METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE
SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID RAT-BRAIN; METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE MDMA; DOPAMINE RELEASE;
PARA-CHLOROAMPHETAMINE; METHAMPHETAMINE; TERMINALS; STRIATUM;
HYDROXYLASE; FENFLURAMINE; MECHANISM
AB Tissue levels of serotonin (5-HT), levels of its metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and populations of 5-HT reuptake sites were measured in the brains of rats exposed to 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) at selected developmental ages. MDMA exposure at postnatal day (PND) 10 did not result in altered 5-HT or 5-HIAA levels 1 week after administration in any brain region examined. However, MDMA exposure at PND 40 and PND 70 resulted in dose-dependent reductions in 5-HT and 5-HIAA levels at 1 week in all brain regions examined. Time course studies revealed that at PND 10, MDMA acutely (less than or equal to 24 hr) reduced 5-HT levels and that these levels later recovered to control levels. MDMA also acutely reduced 5-HT levels at PND 40 and PND 70, but at these ages the 5-HT levels were persistently depressed (greater than or equal to 72 hr). Time course studies also revealed that MDMA acutely elevated dopamine levels in caudate putamen at PND 40 and PND 70, but no alterations in dopamine levels were observed at PND 10. Analysis of 5-HT reuptake site populations revealed that at PND 10 and PND 40, MDMA had little effect on reuptake site populations. At PND 70, however, MDMA reduced 5-HT reuptake site populations as early as 24 hr after administration. These experiments demonstrate not only that the biochemical effects of MDMA exposure are altered by the developmental status of the experimental animal, but also that each individual biochemical component may show differing sensitivities to alteration by MDMA at different developmental ages.
C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,INTERDISCIPLINARY TOXICOL PROGRAM,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205.
RP BROENING, HW (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,HFT-132,3900 NCTR RD,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 52
TC 48
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI BALTIMORE
PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436
SN 0022-3565
J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER
JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 271
IS 1
BP 285
EP 293
PG 9
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA PN490
UT WOS:A1994PN49000037
PM 7965726
ER
PT J
AU YURAWECZ, MP
HOOD, JK
ROACH, JAG
MOSSOBA, MM
DANIELS, DH
KU, Y
PARIZA, MW
CHIN, SF
AF YURAWECZ, MP
HOOD, JK
ROACH, JAG
MOSSOBA, MM
DANIELS, DH
KU, Y
PARIZA, MW
CHIN, SF
TI CONVERSION OF ALLYLIC HYDROXY OLEATE TO CONJUGATED LINOLEIC-ACID AND
METHOXY OLEATE BY ACID-CATALYZED METHYLATION PROCEDURES
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE ALLYLIC HYDROXY OLEATES; BORON TRIFLUORIDE; CONJUGATED LINOLEIC ACID;
METHYLATION; TETRAMETHYLGUANIDINE
ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FATTY-ACIDS; IDENTIFICATION;
QUANTITATION; DERIVATIVES; OILS
AB Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a term describing a group of conjugated octadecadienoic acids that are both naturally occurring and formed during food processing, is the subject of considerable current research because of the recently reported antioxidant and anticarcinogenic properties of these compounds. Allylic hydroxy oleates (AHOs), secondary products of lipid autoxidation, have also been found in foods. By means of high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and gas chromatography/matrix isolation/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, we determined that currently used acid-catalyzed methylation procedures convert AHOs to CLA and other products that potentially yield high values in determination of CLA in foods. A mixture of AHOs, containing mainly (8- and 11-)hydroxy-9-octadecadecenoates, was synthesized and tested by methylation procedures with the following catalysts: BF3, HCl, NaOMe and tetramethylguanidine. Both the BF3 and the HCl procedures converted AHOs to CLA. The base-catalyzed procedures did not convert AHOs to CLA.
C1 FOOD RES INST,MADISON,WI 53706.
RP YURAWECZ, MP (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,200 C ST SW,HFS-175,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 26
TC 31
Z9 40
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC
PI CHAMPAIGN
PA 1608 BROADMOOR DRIVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-0489
SN 0003-021X
J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 71
IS 10
BP 1149
EP 1155
DI 10.1007/BF02675911
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PM037
UT WOS:A1994PM03700018
ER
PT J
AU DOTZAUER, A
FEINSTONE, SM
KAPLAN, G
AF DOTZAUER, A
FEINSTONE, SM
KAPLAN, G
TI SUSCEPTIBILITY OF NONPRIMATE CELL-LINES TO HEPATITIS-A VIRUS-INFECTION
(VOL 68, PG 6067, 1994)
SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Correction, Addition
RP DOTZAUER, A (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,OFF VACCINES RES & REVIEW,DIV VIRAL PROD,HEPATITIS RES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0022-538X
J9 J VIROL
JI J. Virol.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 68
IS 10
BP 6829
EP 6829
PG 1
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA PG541
UT WOS:A1994PG54100081
ER
PT J
AU FRIEDMAN, L
GAINES, DW
NEWELL, RF
SAGER, AO
MATTHEWS, RN
BRAUNBERG, RC
AF FRIEDMAN, L
GAINES, DW
NEWELL, RF
SAGER, AO
MATTHEWS, RN
BRAUNBERG, RC
TI BODY AND ORGAN GROWTH OF THE DEVELOPING HORMEL-HANFORD STRAIN OF MALE
MINIATURE SWINE
SO LABORATORY ANIMALS
LA English
DT Article
DE HORMEL-HANFORD MINIATURE PIGS; EARLY GROWTH; BODY WEIGHT; ORGAN WEIGHTS
ID METABOLISM; NUTRITION
AB As part of a larger study designed to characterize the early developmental stages of the Hormel-Hanford strain miniature pig, whole body, brain, kidney, liver, pancreas and spleen from male animals were examined for weight increases from one to 196 days, the approximate age of maturity. At 196 days, body weights had increased to 82.5 times the weight at day 1; increases in organ weights were greatest for spleen, less and similar for kidney, liver and pancreas, and the least for brain. Little change in relative organ weights was noted, except for the brain where an almost steady decrease occurred starting from 7 days after birth.
RP FRIEDMAN, L (reprint author), US FDA,BELTSVILLE RES FACIL,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,8301 MUIRKIRK RD,LAUREL,MD 20708, USA.
NR 18
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE SERVICES LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND W1M 8AE
SN 0023-6772
J9 LAB ANIM
JI Lab. Anim.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 28
IS 4
BP 376
EP 379
DI 10.1258/002367794780745083
PG 4
WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology
SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology
GA PM095
UT WOS:A1994PM09500012
PM 7830379
ER
PT J
AU GAINES, DW
FRIEDMAN, L
NEWELL, RF
MATTHEWS, RN
SAGER, AO
BRAUNBERG, RC
HENDERSON, GR
AF GAINES, DW
FRIEDMAN, L
NEWELL, RF
MATTHEWS, RN
SAGER, AO
BRAUNBERG, RC
HENDERSON, GR
TI ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE, FATTY-ACID SYNTHETASE, AND LIPID-LEVELS IN
SELECTED ORGANS OF THE POSTNATAL DEVELOPING MALE MINIATURE PIG
SO LABORATORY ANIMALS
LA English
DT Article
DE HORMEL-HANFORD MINIATURE PIGS; TISSUE ENZYMES; ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE;
FATTY ACID SYNTHETASE; HEPATIC LIPIDS
ID RAT; POLYAMINES; ENZYME; LIVER; BIOCHEMISTRY; GROWTH; SYSTEM; BRAIN;
LUNG
AB Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and fatty acid synthetase (FAS) activities were determined in tissues from male neonate and juvenile miniature swine (Hormel-Hanford strain) at various ages. ODC activity was measured in liver, brain, kidney, pancreas, and spleen at one day and at 1, 4, 8, 12 and between 24 and 32 weeks. Hepatic FAS activity, total lipid, triglyceride, and total cholesterol were measured at 2, 8, 16, and 32 weeks. Generally, tissue ODC activity was highest in the spleen at all ages. Three postnatal patterns of ODC activity were observed for the different organs. The mean values of FAS activity, total lipid, and cholesterol were highest at 8 weeks compared to other sampling periods.
RP GAINES, DW (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,8301 MUIRKIRK RD,LAUREL,MD 20708, USA.
NR 30
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE SERVICES LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND W1M 8AE
SN 0023-6772
J9 LAB ANIM
JI Lab. Anim.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 28
IS 4
BP 380
EP 386
DI 10.1258/002367794780745137
PG 7
WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology
SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology
GA PM095
UT WOS:A1994PM09500013
PM 7830380
ER
PT J
AU ALY, KB
PIPKIN, JL
HINSON, WG
FEUERS, RJ
DUFFY, PH
HART, RW
AF ALY, KB
PIPKIN, JL
HINSON, WG
FEUERS, RJ
DUFFY, PH
HART, RW
TI TEMPORAL AND SUBSTRATE-DEPENDENT PATTERNS OF STRESS PROTEIN EXPRESSION
IN THE HYPOTHALAMUS OF CALORIC RESTRICTED RATS
SO MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS; CALORIC RESTRICTION; HYPOTHALAMUS; AGE; STRESS;
HORMONAL RECEPTORS
ID HEAT-SHOCK PROTEIN; MESSENGER-RNA; ARSENITE; 32-KDA; CELLS; DNA
AB Stress proteins (sps) 27, 34, 70 and 90 (Mr x 10(3)) were induced in the hypothalamus of caloric restricted (CR) rats by feeding stress. A definite time pattern for sps synthesis was observed when their induction was examined at several time points after the rats were fed, and the level of sps expression was found to vary significantly at different times of the day. The same group of proteins was induced in ad libitum fed rats when they were subjected to food deprivation for 48 h. Stress protein 34 expression in the hypothalamus of old caloric restricted rats was found to be dependent on blood glucose levels, and was substantially reduced when insulin was added to the glucose infusion. The expression of sps 27,70 and 90, however, was little changed with glucose and/or insulin infusion.
C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
CAIRO UNIV,FAC MED,CAIRO,EGYPT.
UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,LITTLE ROCK,AR.
NR 19
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE,
IRELAND
SN 0047-6374
J9 MECH AGEING DEV
JI Mech. Ageing. Dev.
PD OCT 1
PY 1994
VL 76
IS 1
BP 1
EP 10
DI 10.1016/0047-6374(94)90002-7
PG 10
WC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology
SC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology
GA PH481
UT WOS:A1994PH48100001
PM 7845057
ER
PT J
AU ALY, KB
PIPKIN, JL
HINSON, WG
FEUERS, RJ
DUFFY, PH
LYNCOOK, L
HART, RW
AF ALY, KB
PIPKIN, JL
HINSON, WG
FEUERS, RJ
DUFFY, PH
LYNCOOK, L
HART, RW
TI CHRONIC CALORIC RESTRICTION INDUCES STRESS PROTEINS IN THE HYPOTHALAMUS
OF RATS
SO MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS; CALORIC RESTRICTION; HYPOTHALAMUS; AGE; STRESS
ID HEAT-SHOCK PROTEIN; HSP70 MESSENGER-RNA; FISCHER-344 RATS; NUTRITIONAL
INFLUENCES; POLYACRYLAMIDE GELS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; AGED RATS; EXPRESSION;
FIBROBLASTS; 32-KDA
AB The induction of stress proteins (sps) in the hypothalamus of female Fischer 344 rats in response to caloric restriction (CR) and to heat stress was investigated. Caloric restriction was found to elicit sps 27, 34, 70, and 90 in the hypothalamus of both young and old rats while none was found in the hypothalamus of ad libitum (AL) fed controls. Heat stress initiated heat shock proteins (hsps/sps) 27, 70, and 90 in the hypothalamus of the young (AL) fed animals, the same proteins evoked by feeding stress. The same sps were induced in the old (AL) rats although the expression showed substantial decline with age. This reduction was less marked, however, with the old CR rats. Stress protein 34, an infrequently reported protein, was related to feeding and was not induced by heat shock. Recent reports point to the important role sps play in the cellular reaction to stress, as well as their involvement in the higher functions. The findings reported here suggest that sps are involved in the regulatory mechanisms allowing CR animals to tolerate stress related to metabolic substrate deprivation.
C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
CAIRO UNIV,FAC MED,CAIRO,EGYPT.
UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,LITTLE ROCK,AR.
NR 39
TC 48
Z9 50
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE,
IRELAND
SN 0047-6374
J9 MECH AGEING DEV
JI Mech. Ageing. Dev.
PD OCT 1
PY 1994
VL 76
IS 1
BP 11
EP 23
DI 10.1016/0047-6374(94)90003-5
PG 13
WC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology
SC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology
GA PH481
UT WOS:A1994PH48100002
PM 7845058
ER
PT J
AU TIMBO, B
ALTEKRUSE, S
HYMAN, F
KLONTZ, K
TOLLEFSON, L
AF TIMBO, B
ALTEKRUSE, S
HYMAN, F
KLONTZ, K
TOLLEFSON, L
TI VITAMIN AND MINERAL SUPPLEMENTATION DURING PREGNANCY
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
AB To determine the prevalence of individual vitamin and mineral supplement use during pregnancy and their relationships with selected characteristics of mothers, data from the 1988 National Maternal and Infant Health Survey were analyzed. The responses of 18,549 mothers were used in the analysis, which consisted of both univariate and multivariate statistical analyses. The prevalence of use for each of six supplements varied from 1.89% for zinc to 33.45% for iron. The use of these supplements did not appear to be strongly intercorrelated. Young age was associated with iron use, black race was associated with iron and vitamin A supplementation, and prenatal care and Women with Infants and Children food were associated with iron and vitamin A intake. Smoking was associated with folic acid and iron use, alcohol consumption was associated with folic acid use, and low family income was associated with iron use. The findings of the study may be useful in the future for more specific epidemiologic and clinical studies on supplementation during pregnancy.
RP TIMBO, B (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,EPIDEMIOL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 0
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814
SN 0026-4075
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 159
IS 10
BP 654
EP 658
PG 5
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA QB527
UT WOS:A1994QB52700008
PM 7870324
ER
PT J
AU FERREIRA, JL
HAMDY, MK
MCCAY, SG
HEMPHILL, M
KIRMA, N
BAUMSTARK, BR
AF FERREIRA, JL
HAMDY, MK
MCCAY, SG
HEMPHILL, M
KIRMA, N
BAUMSTARK, BR
TI DETECTION OF CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM TYPE-F USING THE POLYMERASE
CHAIN-REACTION
SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES
LA English
DT Article
DE DETECTION; TYPE F; C-BOTULINUM; PCR
ID NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; NEUROTOXIN; GENE; CLONING; TOXIN
AB The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify a portion of the Clostridium botulinum type F toxin gene. An 1137-bp fragment was amplified from 11 different strains of type F C. botulinum with primers derived from the published sequence of type F strain no. 202. This fragment was not amplified from the DNA of C. botulinum types A, B and E, or from other clostridial organisms examined. When used as a hybridization probe, the 1137-bp PCR-generated fragment generated from one of the type F strains (the proteolytic strain type F Langeland) hybridized to the PCR products from all other type F toxin-producing strains tested. Portions of fragments amplified from the type F Langeland strain were sequenced. The sequence of this strain was found to exhibit approximately 3% variation from the published sequence of the non-proteolytic type F strain no. 202. Primers designed to pair with the regions of maximum sequence variation between strain 202 and the Langeland strain gave amplification products only with DNA from type F strains that exhibited the same proteolytic properties as the strain from which the primer sequences were derived. These findings underscore the need to consider Variations in sequence when designing oligonucleotide probes and PCR primers in order to avoid false negative results.
C1 UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT FOOD SCI,ATHENS,GA 30602.
CTR DIS CONTROL,ATLANTA,GA 30333.
GEORGIA STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL,ATLANTA,GA.
RP FERREIRA, JL (reprint author), US FDA,ATLANTA,GA, USA.
NR 15
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX
SN 0890-8508
J9 MOL CELL PROBE
JI Mol. Cell. Probes
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 8
IS 5
BP 365
EP 373
DI 10.1006/mcpr.1994.1053
PG 9
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology;
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Cell Biology
GA PU425
UT WOS:A1994PU42500005
PM 7877632
ER
PT J
AU MORRIS, SM
DOMON, OE
DELCLOS, KB
CHEN, JJ
CASCIANO, DA
AF MORRIS, SM
DOMON, OE
DELCLOS, KB
CHEN, JJ
CASCIANO, DA
TI INDUCTION OF MUTATIONS AT THE HYPOXANTHINE PHOSPHORIBOSYL TRANSFERASE
(HPRT) LOCUS IN AHH-1 HUMAN LYMPHOBLASTOID-CELLS
SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS
LA English
DT Article
DE HPRT MUTATIONS; SIMPLE ETHYLATING AGENTS; BENZO[A]PYRENE;
6-NITROCHRYSENE; 6-AMINOCHRYSENE
ID DNA-ADDUCT FORMATION; HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; ISOLATED RAT HEPATOCYTES;
ETHYL-N-NITROSOUREA; METABOLIC-ACTIVATION; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; GENE
MUTATION; 6-NITROCHRYSENE; MUTAGENICITY; 6-AMINOCHRYSENE
AB Cells from the human lymphoblastoid cell line, AHH-1, were exposed to two direct-acting mutagens, ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and ethyl nitrosourea (ENU), and to three carcinogens that require metabolic activation to an electrophile, benzo[a]pyrene (B(a)P), 6-aminochrysene (6-AC), and 6-nitrochrysene (6-NC); mutation induction at the HPRT locus was quantified by resistance to 6-thioguanine (6-TG(r)). Exposure of AHH-1 cells to either EMS or ENU resulted in a concentration-dependent increase in mutant frequency at the HPRT locus. When AHH-1 cells were exposed to B(a)P, the increase in mutant frequency at the HPRT locus was marginally significant linearly and significant quadratically. The P-32-postlabeling assay revealed the formation of DNA adducts derived from (+/-)anti-benzo[a]pyrene-trans-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide which may account for the increase in 6-TG(r) clones. Although DNA adducts could be detected by the P-32-postlabeling assay in both 6-NC- and 6-AC-treated AHH-1 cells, exposure to 6-AC or 6-NC did not result in a concentration-dependent increase in mutant frequency at the HPRT locus. Our results are consistent with the results of previous studies which indicate that EMS and ENU are effective inducers of 6-TG(r) clones as is B(a)P when activated to an electrophile. In 6-NC- and 6-AC-exposed cells, low levels of N-hydroxy-6-aminochrysene-derived adducts were detected in only 6-NC-exposed cells. No 6-aminochrysene-1,2-dihydrodiol-derived adducts were detected following 6-NC or 6-AC exposure. Minimal metabolic activation of 6-NC or 6-AC by AHH-1 cells may account for the lack of a positive mutagenic response for either 6-AC or 6-NC.
C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
RP MORRIS, SM (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 38
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0027-5107
J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M
JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen.
PD OCT 1
PY 1994
VL 310
IS 1
BP 45
EP 54
DI 10.1016/0027-5107(94)90007-8
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA PM081
UT WOS:A1994PM08100004
PM 7523883
ER
PT J
AU HEFLICH, RH
NEFT, RE
AF HEFLICH, RH
NEFT, RE
TI GENETIC TOXICITY OF 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE, 2-AMINOFLUORENE AND SOME OF
THEIR METABOLITES AND MODEL METABOLITES
SO MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN GENETIC TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE; 2-AMINOFLUORENE; GENETIC TOXICITY
ID UNSCHEDULED DNA-SYNTHESIS; SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGES; HAMSTER OVARY
CELLS; RAT-LIVER DNA; CARCINOGENIC AROMATIC-AMINES; HEPATOCYTES
FOLLOWING INVIVO; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM TA98; HUMAN-DIPLOID
FIBROBLASTS; PROSTAGLANDIN-H SYNTHASE; ARYL SULFOTRANSFERASE-IV
AB 2-Acetylaminofluorene and 2-aminofluorene are among the most intensively studied of all chemical mutagens and carcinogens. Fundamental research findings concerning the metabolism of 2-acetylaminofluorene to electrophilic derivatives, the interaction of these derivatives with DNA, and the carcinogenic and mutagenic responses that are associated with the resulting DNA damage have formed the foundation upon which much of genetic toxicity testing is based. The parent compounds and their proximate and ultimate mutagenic and carcinogenic derivatives have been evaluated in a variety of prokaryotic and eukaryotic assays for mutagenesis and DNA damage. The reactive derivatives are active in virtually all systems, while 2-acetylaminofluorene and 2-aminofluorene are active in most systems that provide adequate metabolic activation. Knowledge of the structures of the DNA adducts formed by 2-acetylaminofluorene and 2-aminofluorene, the effects of the adducts on DNA conformation and synthesis, adduct distribution in tissues, cells and DNA, and adduct repair have been used to develop hypotheses to understand the genotoxic and carcinogenic effects of these compounds. Molecular analysis of mutations produced in cell-free, bacterial, in vitro mammalian, and intact animal systems have recently been used to extend these hypotheses.
RP HEFLICH, RH (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,HFT-120,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 969
TC 188
Z9 190
U1 0
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-1110
J9 MUTAT RES-REV GENET
JI Mutat. Res.-Rev. Genet. Toxicol.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 318
IS 2
BP 73
EP 174
DI 10.1016/0165-1110(94)90025-6
PG 102
WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA PM074
UT WOS:A1994PM07400001
PM 7521935
ER
PT J
AU SEIDMAN, AD
NORTON, L
REICHMAN, BS
CROWN, JPA
YAO, TJ
HAKES, TB
LEBWOHL, DE
GILEWSKI, TA
HUDIS, CA
SURBONE, A
CURRIE, V
KLECKER, R
JAMISDOW, C
COLLINS, J
MARKS, L
QUINLIVAN, S
BERKERY, R
CANETTA, R
ONETTO, N
ARBUCK, S
AF SEIDMAN, AD
NORTON, L
REICHMAN, BS
CROWN, JPA
YAO, TJ
HAKES, TB
LEBWOHL, DE
GILEWSKI, TA
HUDIS, CA
SURBONE, A
CURRIE, V
KLECKER, R
JAMISDOW, C
COLLINS, J
MARKS, L
QUINLIVAN, S
BERKERY, R
CANETTA, R
ONETTO, N
ARBUCK, S
TI TAXOL (PACLITAXEL) PLUS RECOMBINANT HUMAN GRANULOCYTE-COLONY-STIMULATING
FACTOR IN THE TREATMENT OF METASTATIC BREAST-CANCER
SO ONCOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on New Directions in Anti-Cancer Chemotherapy/4th
International Congress on Anti-Cancer Chemotherapy
CY 1993
CL PARIS, FRANCE
DE TAXOL; PACLITAXEL; G-CSF; BREAST CANCER
ID PHASE-I TRIAL; EVERY 21 DAYS; RESISTANCE; AGENT; DOXORUBICIN; MELANOMA;
CELLS; DRUGS
AB We treated 28 patients who had no prior chemotherapy for stage IV breast cancer and 51 patients with extensive prior exposure to other chemotherapeutic agents with a 24-hour infusion of Taxol (paclitaxel) as a single agent. Prophylactic recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was administered routinely to ameliorate the anticipated dose-limiting toxicity of neutropenia. Nonhematologic toxicity was mild to moderate in most cases. Taxol was more active in patients with chemotherapy-naive stage IV disease, but activity was also observed in extensively treated patients as well. There is a strong clinical suggestion of at least partial noncross-resistance with doxorubicin. Taxol is a very promising agent for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer; its optimal application in this disease will be the subject of future trials.
C1 US FDA,DIV CLIN PHARMACOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB CO,PHARMACEUT RES INST,WALLINGFORD,CT 06492.
NCI,DIV CANC TREATMENT,INVEST DRUG BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
RP SEIDMAN, AD (reprint author), MEM SLOAN KETTERING CANC CTR,HOWARD BLDG,ROOM 1009,1275 YORK AVE,NEW YORK,NY 10021, USA.
FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-09207-14, 1-CM07311]
NR 27
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU KARGER
PI BASEL
PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 0030-2414
J9 ONCOLOGY
JI Oncology
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 51
SU 1
BP 33
EP 39
PG 7
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA PW311
UT WOS:A1994PW31100008
PM 7526308
ER
PT J
AU KANTOR, G
ALON, G
HO, HS
AF KANTOR, G
ALON, G
HO, HS
TI THE EFFECTS OF SELECTED STIMULUS WAVE-FORMS ON PULSE AND PHASE
CHARACTERISTICS AT SENSORY AND MOTOR THRESHOLDS
SO PHYSICAL THERAPY
LA English
DT Article
DE ELECTROTHERAPY, ELECTRICAL STIMULATION; MOTOR ACTIVITY; NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
NEUROANATOMY; PERIPHERAL NERVES; SENSORY THRESHOLDS
ID ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION; NERVE-STIMULATION; HEALTHY-SUBJECTS; PARAMETERS
AB Background and Purpose. The purposes of this investigation were to determine the effect of five commonly used voltage waveforms (four pulsed and one sinusoidal) on excitation of sensory and motor nerves and to characterize variables associated with reaching threshold. Subjects. Eighteen healthy subjects were stimulated during one session via surface electrodes placed over the forearm and leg. Methods. Stimulation amplitude was increased at a constant rate, and the threshold of sensory and motor excitation was determined. Measured variables included peak voltage, peak current, phase charge, and total pulse charge. Results. Three-factorial, repeated-measures analysis of variance and Newman-Keuls tests revealed that phase charge varied the least during excitation induced by the five waveforms. Total pulse charge markedly increased when burst of 10 symmetrical pulses, 25 symmetrical pulses, or amplitude-modulated waveforms were used. Monobasic and symmetrical biphasic waveforms required the least amount of total pulse charge. All measurements were higher during motor threshold than during sensory threshold, and the measurements were higher in the leg than in the forearm. Conclusion and Discussion. The authors concluded that all five studied waveforms were effective at threshold excitation of peripheral sensory and motor nerves. Of the five waveforms, the symmetrical biphasic waveform, having a low total pulse charge, may be the preferred waveform, and the 25 symmetrical pulses and amplitude-modulated waveforms may be considered the least preferred due to high total pulse charge.
C1 UNIV MARYLAND,SCH MED,DEPT PHYS THERAPY,BALTIMORE,MD 21201.
RP KANTOR, G (reprint author), CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,FOOD & DRUG ADM,ELECTROPHY BRANCH HFZ 133,12721 TWINBROOKS PKWY,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 26
TC 32
Z9 34
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER PHYS THER ASSN
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 1111 N FAIRFAX ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314
SN 0031-9023
J9 PHYS THER
JI Phys. Ther.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 74
IS 10
BP 951
EP 962
PG 12
WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation
SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation
GA PK007
UT WOS:A1994PK00700012
PM 8090846
ER
PT J
AU RUIZCABELLO, J
BUSS, WC
COLLIER, SW
GLAZER, RI
COHEN, JS
AF RUIZCABELLO, J
BUSS, WC
COLLIER, SW
GLAZER, RI
COHEN, JS
TI CHANGES IN ATP AFTER CYCLOSPORINE-A TREATMENT IN A RENAL EPITHELIAL-CELL
LINE IN THE RAT STUDIED BY P-31-NMR
SO RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS IN MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; CIS-TRANS ISOMERASE; KIDNEY MITOCHONDRIA;
LIVER-MITOCHONDRIA; CANCER-CELLS; METABOLISM; INHIBITION; BINDING
AB Experiments reported in this paper provide evidence that P-31-NMR spectroscopy can detect mitochondrial toxicity produced by cyclosporin A (CsA) in cultured rat renal cells cast in agarose threads. The effects observed in the normal rat kidney epithelial cell line NRK-52E include dose-dependent increases in the beta-ATP signal at CsA concentrations from 2.5-25 mu g/ml. At a CsA concentration of 100 mu g/ml, there is a severe decrease in the beta-ATP signal with a concomitant increase in the inorganic phosphate (P-i) signal. Effects observed in NRK-52E cells perfused with 100 mu g/ml CsA mimic those previously observed by P-31-NMR spectroscopy using a surface coil over exposed kidneys of rats given chronic oral doses of 5 and 25 mg/kg/day CsA for periods of up to 90 days. These observations support the hypothesis that mitochondrial toxicity contributes to induction of CsA nephrotoxicity.
C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,HLTH SCI CTR,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131.
GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850.
US FDA,TOXICOL STUDIES,LAUREL,MD 20708.
RI Ruiz-Cabello, Jesus/A-9570-2012
OI Ruiz-Cabello, Jesus/0000-0001-8681-5056
FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01-AI25555]
NR 20
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU P J D PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI WESTBURY
PA PO BOX 966, WESTBURY, NY 11590
SN 1078-0297
J9 RES COMMUN MOL PATH
JI Res. Commun. Mol. Pathol. Pharmacol.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 86
IS 1
BP 3
EP 13
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pathology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pathology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA PP103
UT WOS:A1994PP10300001
PM 7850254
ER
PT J
AU GAYLOR, DW
KODELL, RL
CHEN, JJ
SPRINGER, JA
LORENTZEN, RJ
SCHEUPLEIN, RJ
AF GAYLOR, DW
KODELL, RL
CHEN, JJ
SPRINGER, JA
LORENTZEN, RJ
SCHEUPLEIN, RJ
TI POINT ESTIMATES OF CANCER RISK AT LOW-DOSES
SO RISK ANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE CANCER RISK; LOW-DOSE ESTIMATION; POINT (BEST) ESTIMATES
ID EXTRAPOLATION; AFLATOXIN-B1; RATS
AB There has been considerable discussion regarding the conservativeness of low-dose cancer risk estimates based upon linear extrapolation from upper confidence limits. Various groups have expressed a need for best (point) estimates of cancer risk in order to improve risk/benefit decisions. Point estimates of carcinogenic potency obtained from maximum likelihood estimates of low-dose slope may be highly unstable, being sensitive both to the choice of the dose-response model and possibly to minimal perturbations of the data. For carcinogens that augment background carcinogenic processes and/or for mutagenic carcinogens, at low doses the tumor incidence versus target tissue dose is expected to be linear. Pharmacokinetic data may be needed to identify and adjust for exposure-dose nonlinearities. Based on the assumption that the dose response is linear over low doses, a stable point estimate for low-dose cancer risk is proposed. Since various models give similar estimates of risk down to levels of 1%, a stable estimate of the low-dose cancer slope is provided by s = 0.01/ED01, where ED01 is the dose corresponding to an excess cancer risk of 1%. Thus, low-dose estimates of cancer risk are obtained by, risk = s X dose. The proposed procedure is similar to one which has been utilized in the past by the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration. The upper confidence limit, s*, corresponding to this point estimate of low-dose slope is similar to the upper limit, q1*, obtained from the generalized multistage model. The advantage of the proposed procedure is that s provides stable estimates of low-dose carcinogenic potency, which are not unduly influenced by small perturbations of the tumor incidence rates, unlike q1.
C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
RP GAYLOR, DW (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 23
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 0
PU PLENUM PUBL CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0272-4332
J9 RISK ANAL
JI Risk Anal.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 14
IS 5
BP 843
EP 850
DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1994.tb00296.x
PG 8
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics,
Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical
Methods In Social Sciences
GA PT370
UT WOS:A1994PT37000017
PM 7800868
ER
PT J
AU HEREDIA, A
HEWLETT, IK
SORIANO, V
EPSTEIN, JS
AF HEREDIA, A
HEWLETT, IK
SORIANO, V
EPSTEIN, JS
TI IDIOPATHIC CD4(+) T-LYMPHOCYTOPENIA - A REVIEW AND CURRENT PERSPECTIVE
SO TRANSFUSION MEDICINE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
ID PNEUMOCYSTIS-CARINII PNEUMONIA; UNEXPLAINED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS;
HIV-INFECTION; CELL SUBSETS; CD4+ LYMPHOCYTOPENIA; IMMUNODEFICIENCY;
ABSENCE; PATIENT; DISEASE; SUBPOPULATIONS
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,OFF BLOOD RES & REV,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852.
INST SALUD CARLOS 3,INFECT DIS SECT,MADRID,SPAIN.
NR 69
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU W B SAUNDERS CO
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA
19106-3399
SN 0887-7963
J9 TRANSFUS MED REV
JI Transf. Med. Rev.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 8
IS 4
BP 223
EP 231
DI 10.1016/S0887-7963(94)70114-0
PG 9
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA PL840
UT WOS:A1994PL84000001
PM 7841666
ER
PT J
AU GRAFF, J
KASANG, C
NORMANN, A
PFISTERERHUNT, M
FEINSTONE, SM
FLEHMIG, B
AF GRAFF, J
KASANG, C
NORMANN, A
PFISTERERHUNT, M
FEINSTONE, SM
FLEHMIG, B
TI MUTATIONAL EVENTS IN CONSECUTIVE PASSAGES OF HEPATITIS-A VIRUS-STRAIN
GBM DURING CELL-CULTURE ADAPTATION
SO VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID 5' NONTRANSLATED REGION; COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; POLYMERASE
CHAIN-REACTION; A-VIRUS; WILD-TYPE; PERSISTENT INFECTION; PLASMID DNA;
GROWTH; REPLICATION; RNA
AB In order to study the adaptation of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in cell culture, we examined the mutational events of the genome in early passages of HAV strain GBM propagated either in FRhK-4 cells (fetal rhesus monkey kidney-derived) or in human embryonic kidney (HEK) and human embryonic fibroblast cells (HFS) in relation to their growth characteristics. Sequence analysis of the nucleotide region encoding 2B, 2C, and the beginning of 3A as well as the nucleotide region encompassing the 5' noncoding region (5'NCR) of the genome was performed on consecutive virus passages after amplification of the viral RNA from the cell culture supernatant by antigen-capture PCR. By the 2nd passage of the GBM variants cultured in FRhK-4 or in HEK cells we found a mutation at nucleotide position 3889 (2B coding region) which results in an amino acid substitution from alanine to valine. Further mutations present in the 2B/2C region of the cell culture-adapted GBM variants differ from each other and occur after the 10th or even the 40th virus passage. Another early change, an in frame deletion of nine nucleotides in the 3A region, appeared in the 5th virus passage only in GBM cultured on FRhK-4 cells. This genome region showed different mutations in the virus passages on HEK and HFS cells. The 5'NCR of the cell culture-adapted GBM variants, in contrast, did not show any mutations before the 8th virus passage. The faster and more efficient growth of the HAV strain GBM during successive propagation on cell cultures seems to correlate with the appearance of mutations in the investigated genome regions. (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc.
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,HEPATITIS RES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
RP GRAFF, J (reprint author), UNIV TUBINGEN,INST HYG,DEPT VIROL & EPIDEMIOL VIRUS DIS,SILCHERSTR 7,D-72076 TUBINGEN,GERMANY.
NR 40
TC 43
Z9 47
U1 0
U2 0
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495
SN 0042-6822
J9 VIROLOGY
JI Virology
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 204
IS 1
BP 60
EP 68
DI 10.1006/viro.1994.1510
PG 9
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA PG067
UT WOS:A1994PG06700007
PM 8091685
ER
PT J
AU LAVU, S
SRIVASTAVA, M
SRIVASTAVA, SK
AF LAVU, S
SRIVASTAVA, M
SRIVASTAVA, SK
TI ANALYSIS OF THE TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR GENE P53 IN XERODERMA-PIGMENTOSUM
FIBROBLASTS
SO CANCER LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE MUTATIONS; P53 GENE; XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM (XP)
ID MUTATIONS; CANCER; DNA; SUNLIGHT
AB Genetic risk factor(s) for skin cancers have been described in patients with xeroderma pigmentosum (XP). The tumor suppressor gene, p53, is one of the most frequently mutated genes found in human tumors. To evaluate the role of XP-related genetic defects in the p53 gene, skin fibroblast cell lines derived from XP donors were analysed for mutations in exons 5-9 (the regions of gene highly susceptible for mutations) by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and nucleotide sequencing. Of the five XP-derived fibroblasts (complementation group A) and two control fibroblast cell lines, only one XP cell line showed an aberrant SSCP banding pattern in the region of the p53 gene (comprising the 7th exon and neighbouring intronic sequences). Nucleotide sequencing of this region confirmed a mutation in the 7th intron adjacent to the 7th exon, which did not affect the RNA splice site. These results suggest that constitutional/germ-line mutations in the p53 gene may not play a role in the occurrence of skin carcinomas in XP patients.
C1 NIDDKD,CELL BIOL & GENET LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT SURG,CTR PROSTATE DIS RES,BETHESDA,MD 20814.
RP LAVU, S (reprint author), US FDA,DIV SCI APPL TECHNOL,COSMET TOXICOL BRANCH,8301 MUIRKIRK RD,LAUREL,MD 20708, USA.
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE,
IRELAND
SN 0304-3835
J9 CANCER LETT
JI Cancer Lett.
PD SEP 30
PY 1994
VL 85
IS 1
BP 9
EP 12
DI 10.1016/0304-3835(94)90232-1
PG 4
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA PK647
UT WOS:A1994PK64700002
PM 7923108
ER
PT J
AU LESS, JR
ALPERT, S
NIGHTINGALE, SL
AF LESS, JR
ALPERT, S
NIGHTINGALE, SL
TI INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW BOARDS AND MEDICAL DEVICES
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP LESS, JR (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF DEVICE EVALUAT,INVEST DEVICE EXEMPT PROGRAM,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA.
NR 2
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD SEP 28
PY 1994
VL 272
IS 12
BP 968
EP 969
DI 10.1001/jama.272.12.968
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA PG737
UT WOS:A1994PG73700027
PM 8084066
ER
PT J
AU KREITMAN, RJ
PURI, RK
LELAND, P
LEE, B
PASTAN, I
AF KREITMAN, RJ
PURI, RK
LELAND, P
LEE, B
PASTAN, I
TI SITE-SPECIFIC CONJUGATION TO INTERLEUKIN-4 CONTAINING MUTATED CYSTEINE
RESIDUES PRODUCES INTERLEUKIN 4-TOXIN CONJUGATES WITH IMPROVED BINDING
AND ACTIVITY
SO BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID 3-DIMENSIONAL SOLUTION STRUCTURE; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY;
PSEUDOMONAS EXOTOXIN-A; RECEPTOR GAMMA-CHAIN; STIMULATORY FACTOR-I;
PROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI;
CARCINOMA-CELLS; FUSION PROTEIN
AB Fusion of a ligand to another protein frequently impairs the binding of the ligand. Recombinant toxins composed of mutants of Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE) fused to the C-terminus of human interleukin 4 (IL4) are cytotoxic to IL4 receptor- (IL4R-) bearing tumor cells but bind to the IL4R with only 1% the affinity of IL4. We have developed a method to connect a toxin to a ligand which allows the junction to be moved to a location on the ligand which would minimize the binding impairment. We designed mutants of IL4 in which residue 28, 38, 68, 70, 97, or 105 was substituted with cysteine. All purified mutants bound to the IL4R with 60-100% the affinity of IL4, indicating that the IL4 structure was essentially unchanged. The IL4 mutants were then each conjugated through a disulfide bond to PE35, a truncated form of PE which contains a single cysteine. IL4 conjugated to PE35 at residue 28, 38, or 105 of IL4 bound with 10-fold improved affinity and was 10-fold more cytotoxic than the recombinant IL4-toxin in which PE is fused to position 129 at the C-terminus of IL4. IL4 containing PE35 conjugated at position 68, 70, or 97 had lower binding affinity and cytotoxic activity. These results indicate that the location of the ligand-protein junction can be selectively moved to enhance conjugate effectiveness, and implications could be made regarding which regions of IL4 are important for binding.
C1 NCI,DIV CANC BIOL DIAG & CTR,MOLEC BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
US FDA,NIH,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CELLULAR GENE THERAPIES,MOLEC TUMOR BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NR 48
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0006-2960
J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US
JI Biochemistry
PD SEP 27
PY 1994
VL 33
IS 38
BP 11637
EP 11644
DI 10.1021/bi00204a027
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA PJ293
UT WOS:A1994PJ29300027
PM 7918378
ER
PT J
AU ALI, SF
NEWPORT, GD
HOLSON, RR
SLIKKER, W
BOWYER, JF
AF ALI, SF
NEWPORT, GD
HOLSON, RR
SLIKKER, W
BOWYER, JF
TI LOW ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURES OR PHARMACOLOGICAL AGENTS THAT PRODUCE
HYPOTHERMIA DECREASE METHAMPHETAMINE NEUROTOXICITY IN MICE
SO BRAIN RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE METHAMPHETAMINE; NEUROTOXICITY; ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE; DOPAMINE;
SEROTONIN; MK-801; PHENOBARBITAL; DIAZEPAM
ID TYROSINE-HYDROXYLASE ACTIVITY; STRIATAL DOPAMINE; UPTAKE SITES;
AMPHETAMINE; RELEASE; INJURY; ANTAGONISTS; RATS
AB Recently we have reported that methamphetamine (METH) neurotoxicity in rats depends on the environmental temperature. Here, we evaluate whether a cold environment (4 degrees C) or drugs which affect chloride and glutamate ion channel function block METH neurotoxicity in mice. Adult male CD mice received METH i.p. (4 x 10 mg/kg METH at 23 degrees C along with saline, 2.5 mg/kg (+)-MK-801, 40 mg/kg phenobarbital or 2.5 mg/kg diazepam and either 4 X 10 or 4 x 20 mg/kg METH at 4 degrees C). Multiple injections of METH (4 x 10 mg/kg, i.p.) at room temperature (23 degrees C) produced a significant depletion of dopamine (DA) in striatum at 24, 72 h, 1 and 2 weeks. Three days post 4 X 10 mg/kg METH at 23 degrees C, an 80% decrease in striatal dopamine (DA) occurred while the same dose at 4 degrees C produced only a 20% DA decrease, and 4 x 20 mg/kg METH at 4 degrees C produced a 54% DA decrease. At 23 degrees C (+)MK-801 completely blocked while phenobarbital (40% decrease) and diazepam (65% decrease) partially blocked decreases in striatal DA produced by 4 x 10 mg/kg METH. Decreases in DOPAC and HVA were similar to the decreases in DA after METH and antagonists. Multiple injections of METH (4 x 10 mg/kg, i.p.) at room temperature also produced a significant depletion of serotonin (5-HT) in striatum at 24, 72 h, 1 and 2 weeks. This depletion of 5-HT at room temperature was blocked either by changing the environmental temperature to 4 degrees C, or by pretreatment with MK-801, diazepam and phenobarbital. A similar pattern in the decreases of the 5-HT metabolite 5-HIAA was observed after METH treatment. Drugs which block METH toxicity, such as haloperidol (D-2 receptors), pentobarbital and phenobarbital (chloride channels) and MK-801 (NMDA/glutamate receptors), do not necessarily have the same mechanism of action but may either induce hypothermia or block induction of hyperthermia. Therefore, it is not clear how much of their protection against METH neurotoxicity is due to the blockade of the hyperthermia produce by METH.
C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205.
UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205.
NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
RP ALI, SF (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,NEUROCHEM LAB,HFT-132,3900 NCTR RD,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 27
TC 170
Z9 172
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0006-8993
J9 BRAIN RES
JI Brain Res.
PD SEP 26
PY 1994
VL 658
IS 1-2
BP 33
EP 38
PG 6
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA PH002
UT WOS:A1994PH00200006
PM 7530580
ER
PT J
AU NIGHTINGALE, SL
KIMBROUGH, CA
RHEINSTEIN, PH
AF NIGHTINGALE, SL
KIMBROUGH, CA
RHEINSTEIN, PH
TI ACCESS TO INVESTIGATIONAL DRUGS FOR TREATMENT PURPOSES
SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN
LA English
DT Article
RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS
PI KANSAS CITY
PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797
SN 0002-838X
J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN
JI Am. Fam. Physician
PD SEP 15
PY 1994
VL 50
IS 4
BP 845
EP 847
PG 3
WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA PH353
UT WOS:A1994PH35300016
PM 8079913
ER
PT J
AU DEGAWA, M
STERN, SJ
MARTIN, MV
GUENGERICH, FP
FU, PP
ILETT, KF
KADERLIK, RK
KADLUBAR, FF
AF DEGAWA, M
STERN, SJ
MARTIN, MV
GUENGERICH, FP
FU, PP
ILETT, KF
KADERLIK, RK
KADLUBAR, FF
TI METABOLIC-ACTIVATION AND CARCINOGEN-DNA ADDUCT DETECTION IN HUMAN LARYNX
SO CANCER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID HYDROCARBON HYDROXYLASE INDUCIBILITY; P-32 POSTLABELING ANALYSIS;
CYTOCHROME-P-450 ENZYMES; HUMAN LIVER; HUMAN LUNG; CANCER
SUSCEPTIBILITY; AROMATIC-AMINES; ORAL-MUCOSA; SMOKING; BENZOPYRENE
AB Putative carcinogen-DNA adducts in human larynx tissues (n = 25) from smoker and non/ex-smoker patients were examined by P-32-postlabeling and compared with the metabolic activation capacity of larynx microsomes and cytosols from the same tissues. Hydrophobic DNA adducts were evident only in smokers, and chromatographic profiles of the adducts were similar using either the butanol extraction or nuclease P1 enhancement method, which suggested that the adducts may be derived from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons but not aromatic amines. Immunoblots of larynx microsomes using anti-cytochrome P450 1A1/1A2, 2C, 3A4, 2E1, and 2A6 antibodies shelved intensities ranging from 1-10% of that typically observed with human liver microsomes. Enzymatic assays of larynx microsomes showed appreciable activity for benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylation (P450 1A1 and 2C) but not for 4-aminobiphenyl N-oxidation (P450 1A2), which indicated that the observed immunoreactivity was for P450 1A1; this represents the highest level of this P450 yet detected in human extrahepatic tissues. Accordingly, total DNA adduct levels in the larynx correlated strongly with levels of P450 2C, 1A1, and 3A4 but not with P450 2E1 or 2A6.
Larynx cytosols also showed appreciable aromatic amine N-acetyltransferase activity for p-aminobenzoic acid (NAT-1) but not for sulfamethazine (NAT-2); however, NAT-1 activity was not correlated with total DNA adducts, which is again consistent with the lack of aromatic amine-DNA adducts detected by P-32-postlabeling. Thus, these results suggest that the DNA adducts detected in human larynx are largely derived from metabolic activation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in cigarette smoke by P450 2C, 3A4, and/or 1A1.
C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,RES OFF HFT100,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205.
VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT BIOCHEM,NASHVILLE,TN 37232.
VANDERBILT UNIV,CTR MOLEC TOXICOL,NASHVILLE,TN 37232.
TOHOKU UNIV,DEPT HYG CHEM,AOBA KU,SENDAI,MIYAGI 980,JAPAN.
UNIV WESTERN AUSTRALIA,DEPT PHARMACOL,NEDLANDS,WA 6009,AUSTRALIA.
RI Degawa, Masakuni/F-5702-2010
NR 45
TC 68
Z9 70
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W.,
PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106
SN 0008-5472
J9 CANCER RES
JI Cancer Res.
PD SEP 15
PY 1994
VL 54
IS 18
BP 4915
EP 4919
PG 5
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA PF791
UT WOS:A1994PF79100013
PM 8069857
ER
PT J
AU LIN, DX
MEYER, DJ
KETTERER, B
LANG, NP
KADLUBAR, FF
AF LIN, DX
MEYER, DJ
KETTERER, B
LANG, NP
KADLUBAR, FF
TI EFFECTS OF HUMAN AND RAT GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASES ON THE COVALENT
DNA-BINDING OF THE N-ACETOXY DERIVATIVES OF HETEROCYCLIC AMINE
CARCINOGENS IN-VITRO - A POSSIBLE MECHANISM OF ORGAN SPECIFICITY IN
THEIR CARCINOGENESIS
SO CANCER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID MALE FISCHER-344 RATS; METABOLIC-ACTIVATION;
2-AMINO-1-METHYL-6-PHENYLIMIDAZO<4,5-B>PYRIDINE PHIP; MUTAGENIC
ACTIVATION; FOOD MUTAGEN; 2-AMINO-3,8-DIMETHYLIMIDAZO<4,5-F>QUINOXALINE
MEIQX; 2-AMINO-3-METHYLIMIDAZO<4,5-F>QUINOLINE IQ; COLORECTAL-CARCINOMA;
LIVER-MICROSOMES; BROILED SARDINE
AB The effects of glutathione (GSH) and of purified human and rat GSH S-transferases (GSTs) on the covalent DNA binding of 3 putative ultimate food-borne carcinogens, the N-acetoxy derivatives of 2-amino-3-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine (PhIP), 2-amino-3-methylimidazo(4,5-f) quinoline (IQ), and 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoxaline (MeIQx), were studied in vitro. GSH (5 mM) alone slightly inhibited (10%) the DNA binding of N-acetoxy-PhIP (100 mu M) at pH 7.5, but the binding could be strongly inhibited in the presence of both GSH and GSTs. Among human GSTs, the isozyme A1-1 (alpha-class) was most effective (90% inhibition) follow-ed by A1-2 (40% inhibition); the effect of adding A2-2 was negligible, suggesting that the activity exists in subunit A1. In addition, human GST P1-1 (pi-class) also had some inhibitory effect (30%). Among the rat GSTs tested, GST 1-2 and GST 12-12 (theta-class), which are the equivalent of human A1-2 and T2-2, respectively, were able to inhibit DNA binding of N-acetoxy-PhIP (75 and 40%, respectively). This activity toward N-acetoxy-PhIP was dependent on enzyme concentration and was subject to inactivation by triethyltin bromide, a known GST inhibitor. In contrast, the binding of N-acetoxy-IQ or N-acetoxy-MeIQx to DNA was unaffected by addition of the human or rat GSTs; however, GSH alone significantly inhibited (40%) their binding to DNA. High-performance liquid chromatographic analyses of incubation mixtures containing N-acetoxy-PhIP, GSH, and GST A1-1 failed to detect GSH conjugates of PhIP. Only oxidized glutathione and the parent amine, PhIP, were detected as reaction products, suggesting a redox mechanism.
GST activity in human hepatic and colon mucosal cytosols was subsequently examined using the synthetic or O-acetyltransferase-generated N-acetoxy derivatives of PhIP, IQ, and MeIQx as substrates. GST activity toward N-acetoxy-PhIP was expressed in all 8 livers but not in 6 colons. No activity toward N-acetoxy-IQ or N-acetoxy-MeIQx was detected in human liver cytosols. This study indicates that a GST-dependent detoxification pathway may be an important determinant for the organ specificity of the heterocyclic amine carcinogens. Moreover, the high specificity of the reaction for GST A1-1, which is known to be inducible by cruciferous and yellow-green vegetable consumption, is consistent with the protective effects of such diets against human colorectal cancer.
C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,OFF RES HFT100,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
UNIV COLL & MIDDLESEX SCH MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,CRC,MOLEC TOXICOL GRP,LONDON W1P 6DB,ENGLAND.
UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,ARKANSAS CANC RES CTR,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205.
NR 67
TC 120
Z9 124
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W.,
PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106
SN 0008-5472
J9 CANCER RES
JI Cancer Res.
PD SEP 15
PY 1994
VL 54
IS 18
BP 4920
EP 4926
PG 7
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA PF791
UT WOS:A1994PF79100014
PM 8069858
ER
PT J
AU NICHOLSON, JKA
RAO, PE
CALVELLI, T
STETLERSTEVENSON, M
BROWNING, SW
YEUNG, L
MARTI, GE
AF NICHOLSON, JKA
RAO, PE
CALVELLI, T
STETLERSTEVENSON, M
BROWNING, SW
YEUNG, L
MARTI, GE
TI ARTIFACTUAL SHINING OF MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES IN 2-COLOR COMBINATIONS IS
DUE TO AN IMMUNOGLOBULIN IN THE SERUM AND PLASMA
SO CYTOMETRY
LA English
DT Article
DE FLOW CYTOMETRY; IMMUNOPHENOTYPING; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES; FLUORESCEIN;
PHYCOERYTHRIN
AB Two-color whole blood lysis is the assay of choice for lymphocyte immunophenotyping because of the additional information it provides. Recently, artifactual double-staining of some specimens has been observed with this assay. In these cases, the samples appear to be uncompensated for spectral overlap or to inappropriately coexpress two antigens simultaneously. This artifact can result in the apparent coexpression of CD4 and CD8 (observed in lymphoblastic processes) or of CD5 and CD20 (characteristic of chronic lymphocytic leukemia) in normal persons, leading to an erroneous diagnosis. Using plasma, serum, or immunoglobulin preparations from donors who exhibit this artifact we sought to determine 1) the source of the artifact and 2) ways to overcome it. This staining is apparently due to an immunoglobulin in the donors' serum and plasma which does not have specific reactivity with mouse immunoglobulin. Washing whole blood samples or blocking with mouse immunoglobulin is a convenient way of avoiding this artifact. (C) 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,ATLANTA,GA 30341.
ORTHODIAGNOST SYST INC,ORTHOMUNE RES,RARITAN,NJ.
ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,BRONX,NY 10467.
NCI,DEPT PATHOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
FED DRUG ADM,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CELL & GENE THERAPIES,MED & MOLEC GENET LAB,BETHESDA,MD.
NR 6
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0196-4763
J9 CYTOMETRY
JI Cytometry
PD SEP 15
PY 1994
VL 18
IS 3
BP 140
EP 146
DI 10.1002/cyto.990180305
PG 7
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA PE248
UT WOS:A1994PE24800004
PM 7529155
ER
PT J
AU ZHANG, J
HERMAN, EH
FERRANS, VJ
AF ZHANG, J
HERMAN, EH
FERRANS, VJ
TI EFFECTS OF ICRF-186 [(L)1,2-BIS(3,5-DIOXOPIPERAZINYL-1-YL)PROPANE] ON
THE TOXICITY OF DOXORUBICIN IN SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS
SO TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE ICRF-186; DOXORUBICIN; CARDIOTOXICITY; NEPHROTOXICITY; IMMUNE CELLS; SHR
RATS
ID SYRIAN GOLDEN-HAMSTERS; ACUTE DAUNORUBICIN TOXICITY; RENAL TOXICITY;
BREAST-CANCER; REDUCTION; CARDIOTOXICITY;
(+)-1,2-BIS(3,5-DIOXOPIPERAZINYL-1-YL)PROPANE; PRETREATMENT; ADRIAMYCIN;
WOMEN
AB An evaluation was made of the protective effects of ICRF-186 [(L)1,2-bis(3,5-dioxopiperazinyl-1-yl)propane], the L-enantiomer of ICRF-187 [(D)1,2-bis(3,5-dioxopiperazinyl-1-yl)propane], against the cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) by doxorubicin. SHR were given doxorubicin (1 mg/kg, i.v.), once a week for 12 weeks. Group 1 (n = 10) received doxorubicin alone; Groups 2, 3 and 4 (each, n = 5) received ICRF-186, 25 mg/kg (group 2), 12.5 mg/kg (group 3) or 6.25 mg/kg (group 4), i.p., 30 min before each dose of doxorubicin. Two groups of control animals (each, n = 5) received 12 weekly i.p. injections of saline or 25 mg/kg ICRF-186. ICRF-186 provided significant protection, in a dose-dependent manner, against the cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity of doxorubicin and attenuated the increases in cardiac immune effector cells (interstitial dendritic cells, cytotoxic T-helper lymphocytes and macrophages) associated with this cardiotoxicity. The results of the study were compared with those obtained with ICRF-187 under identical experimental conditions. Analysis of the cardiomyopathy scores, nephropathy scores and counts of the numbers of immune effector cells in the heart showed that, at a dose of 25 mg/kg, ICRF-186 is a somewhat less effective protectant than ICRF-187. At a dose of 12.5 mg/kg, both compounds induced generally similar degrees of protection. At a dose of 6.25 mg/kg, both had comparable, but only minimal, protective effects.
C1 US FDA, DIV RES & TESTING, LAUREL, MD 20708 USA.
NHLBI, PATHOL BRANCH, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA.
NR 28
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0300-483X
J9 TOXICOLOGY
JI Toxicology
PD SEP 6
PY 1994
VL 92
IS 1-3
BP 179
EP 192
DI 10.1016/0300-483X(94)90176-7
PG 14
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA PK035
UT WOS:A1994PK03500014
PM 7940559
ER
PT J
AU PATRIARCA, PA
AF PATRIARCA, PA
TI POLIO OUTBREAKS - A TALE OF TORMENT
SO LANCET
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP PATRIARCA, PA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD, USA.
NR 5
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU LANCET LTD
PI LONDON
PA 42 BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1B 3SL
SN 0140-6736
J9 LANCET
JI Lancet
PD SEP 3
PY 1994
VL 344
IS 8923
BP 630
EP 631
DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)92079-6
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA PE386
UT WOS:A1994PE38600004
PM 7915344
ER
PT J
AU GOLDBAUM, FA
FIELDS, BA
CAUERHFF, A
YSERN, X
HOUDUSSE, A
EISELE, JL
POLJAK, RJ
MARIUZZA, RA
AF GOLDBAUM, FA
FIELDS, BA
CAUERHFF, A
YSERN, X
HOUDUSSE, A
EISELE, JL
POLJAK, RJ
MARIUZZA, RA
TI CRYSTALLIZATION AND PRELIMINARY-X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDY OF AN
IDIOTOPE-ANTI-IDIOTOPE FV-FV COMPLEX
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Note
DE FV FRAGMENT; IDIOTOPE CRYSTALLIZATION; X-RAY ANALYSIS
ID IMMUNOGLOBULIN VARIABLE DOMAINS; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS;
3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; BINDING; ANTIBODIES; RECOGNITION; LYSOZYME;
PROTEINS; CONTACT; SURFACE
AB A complex between the Fv fragment of an anti-hen eggwhite lysozyme antibody (D1.3) and the Fv fragment of an antibody specific for an idiotypic determinant of D1.3 has been crystallized in a form suitable for X-ray diffraction analysis. Both Fv fragments were expressed in soluble form in Escherichia coli and purified by affinity chromatography; diffraction-quality crystals were only obtained following separation of each Fv into distinct isoelectric forms. The crystals belong to space group C2, have unit cell dimensions a = 152.8 Angstrom, b = 79.4 Angstrom, c = 51.5 Angstrom, beta = 100.2 degrees, and diffract to better than 2.2 Angstrom resolution. The solvent content of the crystals is approximately 60% (v/v) with one Fv-Fv complex in the asymmetric unit. The ability to readily express both components of an antigen-antibody system in bacteria will allow us to rigorously assess the energetic contribution of individual amino acids to complex formation through pairwise mutagenesis of interacting residues.
C1 UNIV MARYLAND,MARYLAND BIOTECHNOL INST,CTR ADV RES BIOTECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850.
NIST,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850.
US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
INST PASTEUR,F-75724 PARIS,FRANCE.
NR 26
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX
SN 0022-2836
J9 J MOL BIOL
JI J. Mol. Biol.
PD SEP 2
PY 1994
VL 241
IS 5
BP 739
EP 743
DI 10.1006/jmbi.1994.1549
PG 5
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA PE383
UT WOS:A1994PE38300010
PM 8071997
ER
PT J
AU MERKATZ, RB
JUNOD, SW
AF MERKATZ, RB
JUNOD, SW
TI HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF CHANGES IN FDA POLICY ON THE STUDY AND
EVALUATION OF DRUGS IN WOMEN
SO ACADEMIC MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID CLINICAL-TRIALS; HEALTH
AB The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently made two important changes in its policy for the study and evaluation of drugs in women: (1) sex-specific analyses of the safety and efficacy of drugs will be required as part of all new drug applications, and (2) it will no longer be recommended that women of childbearing potential be restricted from participating in the earliest phases of drug trials. These changes have come about as a result of continuous efforts to individualize therapy, to improve upon the safety and efficacy of drugs, and to respond to important questions about whether the drug development process produces adequate information about the effects of drugs in women. In turn, these efforts are the outgrowth of a long history in the United States of changes in the clinical care for women, changes in the use of women as research subjects, changing attitudes about the balance between protection and risks for women in clinical trials, and national movements by women to focus on issues of their health care and to transform the male-oriented model of clinical research. The new FDA guidelines, published in July 1993, will provide guidance to researchers on accumulating valuable information on how drugs work in women and will help make it possible for physicians and other caregivers to consider the effects of gender on health and treatment.
C1 ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED,NEW YORK,NY.
RP MERKATZ, RB (reprint author), US FDA,OFF WOMENS HLTH,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROOM 1462,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 24
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 0
PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107
SN 1040-2446
J9 ACAD MED
JI Acad. Med.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 69
IS 9
BP 703
EP 707
DI 10.1097/00001888-199409000-00004
PG 5
WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services
SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services
GA PG105
UT WOS:A1994PG10500004
PM 8074759
ER
PT J
AU NAWAZ, MS
KHAN, AA
SENG, JE
LEAKEY, JE
SIITONEN, PH
CERNIGLIA, CE
AF NAWAZ, MS
KHAN, AA
SENG, JE
LEAKEY, JE
SIITONEN, PH
CERNIGLIA, CE
TI PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AN AMIDASE FROM AN
ACRYLAMIDE-DEGRADING RHODOCOCCUS SP
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; ARYL ACYLAMIDASE; ACETONITRILE; DEGRADATION;
METABOLISM; HERBICIDES; RESIDUES; NITRILES; SPECTRUM
AB A constitutively expressed aliphatic amidase from a Rhodococcus sp. catalyzing acrylamide deamination was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity. The molecular weight of the native enzyme was estimated to be 360,000, Upon sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the purified preparation yielded a homogeneous protein band having an apparent molecular weight of about 44,500. The amidase had pH and temperature optima of 8.5 and 40 degrees C, respectively, and its isoelectric point was pH 4.0. The amidase had apparent K-m values of 1.2, 2.6, 3.0, 2.7, and 5.0 mM for acrylamide, acetamide, butyramide, propionamide, and isobutyramide, respectively. Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry analysis indicated that the enzyme contains 8 mol of iron per mol of the native enzyme. No labile sulfide was detected. The amidase activity was enhanced by, but not dependent on Fe2+ Ba2+, and Cr2+. However, the enzyme activity was partially inhibited by Mg2+ and totally inhibited in the presence of Ni2+, Hg2+, Cu2+, Co2+, specific iron chelators, and thiol blocking reagents. The NH2-terminal sequence of the first 18 amino acids displayed 88% homology to the aliphatic amidase of Brevibacterium sp. strain R312.
C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV MICROBIOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOMETRY,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV CHEM,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205.
NR 32
TC 53
Z9 55
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 60
IS 9
BP 3343
EP 3348
PG 6
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA PE570
UT WOS:A1994PE57000040
PM 7944367
ER
PT J
AU COOK, DW
AF COOK, DW
TI EFFECT OF TIME AND TEMPERATURE ON MULTIPLICATION OF VIBRIO-VULNIFICUS IN
POSTHARVEST GULF-COAST SHELLSTOCK OYSTERS
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID INDICATOR BACTERIA; SHELLFISH; SALINITY; SURVIVAL; SEAWATER
AB After harvest, shellstock oysters stored under controlled temperatures of 10, 13, and 18 degrees C and at ambient outside air temperature (23 to 34 degrees C) were sampled after 12 and 30 h for Vibrio vulnificus. At 13 degrees C and below, V. vulnificus failed to multiply in the oysters. In oysters held at 18 degrees C for 30 h and under ambient conditions for 12 and 30 h, V. vulnificus numbers were statistically greater (P < 0.05) than those in oysters at harvest. These data indicate that endogenous V. vulnificus can multiply in unchilled shellstock oysters.
RP COOK, DW (reprint author), US FDA,GULF COAST SEAFOOD LAB,POB 158,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528, USA.
NR 12
TC 38
Z9 40
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 60
IS 9
BP 3483
EP 3484
PG 2
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA PE570
UT WOS:A1994PE57000070
PM 7944379
ER
PT J
AU ZHANG, PF
KLUTCH, M
MULLER, J
MARCUSSEKURA, CJ
AF ZHANG, PF
KLUTCH, M
MULLER, J
MARCUSSEKURA, CJ
TI SUSCEPTIBILITY OF THE SF9 INSECT-CELL LINE TO INFECTION WITH
ADVENTITIOUS VIRUSES
SO BIOLOGICALS
LA English
DT Article
ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES
AB Sf9, the insect cell line commonly used for gene expression by recombinant baculovirus (BV), can be infected by St, Louis encephalitis (SLE) virus, a flavivirus, resulting in a persistent, productive, and cytopathic infection, while retaining the ability to be infected with a recombinant baculovirus (rBV). We now demonstrate using double immunofluorescence that single cells are dually infected with SLE virus and rBV. Fourteen additional viruses including additional flaviviruses, other arbovirus classes, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), and herpes simplex virus, type 1 (HSV-I) failed to produce a cytopathic effect (CPE) in Sf9 cells. Plaque assays indicated infectious virus was present for several weeks postinoculation for Yellow fever (YF), Dengue types 1 and 2 (DEN-1 and DEN-2), Gumbo limbo (GL), Eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus (EEE), Western equine encephalomyelitis virus (WEE), HSV-1, and VSV viruses. For HSV-1, GL, EEE, WEE and VSV, but not for YF, DEN-1 or DEN-2 viruses, this could be attributed solely to survival in the Sf9 cell culture media. Of the 14 viruses tested, only HSV-1 could be detected after 2 weeks in serum-free media. The data indicate that several viruses which are pathogenic for humans are stable for long periods of time at 27 degrees C in the serum-containing media used for cultivation of Sf9 cells. YF, DEN-1 and DEN-2 viruses may replicate in Sf9 cells at extremely low levels. This suggests that adventitious agents which do not produce obvious CPE or interfere with rBV infection or recombinant protein expression could contaminate Sf9 cell cultures or media.
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIRAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NR 16
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 7
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX
SN 1045-1056
J9 BIOLOGICALS
JI Biologicals
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 22
IS 3
BP 205
EP 213
DI 10.1006/biol.1994.1030
PG 9
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA PJ132
UT WOS:A1994PJ13200002
PM 7811453
ER
PT J
AU UPADHYAYA, P
VONTUNGELN, LS
FU, PP
ELBAYOUMY, K
AF UPADHYAYA, P
VONTUNGELN, LS
FU, PP
ELBAYOUMY, K
TI IN-VITRO AND IN-VIVO METABOLISM OF THE CARCINOGEN 4-NITROPYRENE
SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; K-REGION
DERIVATIVES; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS; MICROSOMAL METABOLISM;
DNA-BINDING; MUTAGENIC METABOLITES; URINARY METABOLITES; LIVER
MICROSOMES; 1-NITROPYRENE
AB The in vitro and in vivo metabolism of the potent mutagen and carcinogen, 4-nitropyrene, was studied. 4-Aminopyrene, 4-(acetylamino)pyrene, 9,10-epoxy-9,10-dihydro-4-nitropyrene, cis- and trans-9,10-dihydro-9,10-dihydroxy-4-nitropyrene, 9- and 10-hydroxy-4-nitropyrene, and 9-, and 10-hydroxy-4-(acetylamino)pyrene were synthesized to serve as markers fdr the identification of 4-nitropyrene metabolites. Initially, 4-nitropyrene was metabolized by rat liver microsomes, or rat liver 9000g supernatant, to yield primarily two metabolites; one of these was identified as 4-nitropyrene-9,10-dione. The major metabolite of 4-nitropyrene in the presence Of 3,3,3-trichloropropylene-1,2-oxide was 9,10-epoxy-9,10-dihydro-4-nitropyrene. In parallel studies, oral administration of 58 mg (0.3 mCi/mmol)/kg body weight of [H-3]4-nitropyrene to female Sprague-Dawley rats, which are susceptible to mammary carcinogenesis by this agent, yielded 32% and 30.6% of the dose after 48 h as urinary and fecal excretion products, respectively. Excretion of the radioactivity remained slightly higher in the urine than in feces throughout 168 h after administration. Some of the fecal metabolites (isolated amounts expressed as % of dose) were identified as 4-aminopyrene (5.4), 9(10)-hydroxy-4(acetylamino)pyrene (3.3), and unmetabolized 4-nitropyrene (2.4). Sulfates (3.3)and glucuronides (2.4) of `9(10)-hydroxy-4-(acetylamino)pyrene were identified in the urine. This study indicates that nitroreduction and ring oxidation are metabolic pathways of 4-nitropyrene in vivo; similar findings were obtained previously with its structural isomers 1- and a-nitropyrene. However, the pattern of excretion of 4-nitropyrene is different; the significance of this observation in relation to tumor induction is discussed.
C1 AMER HLTH FDN,VALHALLA,NY 10595.
US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079.
FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-35519]
NR 51
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036
SN 0893-228X
J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL
JI Chem. Res. Toxicol.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 1994
VL 7
IS 5
BP 690
EP 695
DI 10.1021/tx00041a015
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology
GA PJ198
UT WOS:A1994PJ19800015
PM 7841349
ER
PT J
AU IGARASHI, T
ISHIGATSUBO, Y
OHNO, S
SHIRAI, A
AOKI, I
OKUBO, T
KLINMAN, DM
AF IGARASHI, T
ISHIGATSUBO, Y
OHNO, S
SHIRAI, A
AOKI, I
OKUBO, T
KLINMAN, DM
TI CROSS-REACTIVITY OF IGM-SECRETING AND IGG-SECRETING B-CELLS IN MURINE
CHRONIC GRAFT-VERSUS-HOST REACTION
SO CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; INCOMPATIBLE STRUCTURES; SELECTIVE
PRODUCTION; SOMATIC MUTATION; LYMPHOCYTES-T; PRONE MICE; AUTOANTIBODIES;
GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; ANTIBODIES; DISEASES
AB A chamber ELISpot assay was used to measure the frequency with which in vivo activated B cells secreted crossreactive antibodies during a chronic graft-versus-host reaction in mice. Both normal (C57BL/10 x DBA/2)F1 mice and F1 recipients of syngeneic spleen cells (SynF1) expressed repertoires in which 13-17% of IgM and 3-5% of IgG-secreting cells were cross-reactive. By comparison, 43-55% of IgM and 9-40% of IgG-secreting cells from F1 recipients of parental DBA/2 spleen cells (GVHF1) were cross-reactive (P < 0.01, GVHF1 versus F1 or SynF1). The cross-reactivity of the GVHF1 IgM secreting cells remained elevated for >2 months following cell transfer. In contrast, the crossreactivity of IgG-secreting cells, which was significantly high at Week 3 post-transfer, declined to nearly normal levels by Week 9. These findings demonstrate that crossreactive B cells constitute an abnormally large fraction of the repertoire expressed by mice with chronic GVHR in a period when B cell hyperstimulation was occurring. (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc.
C1 YOKOHAMA CITY UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL 2,YOKOHAMA 236,JAPAN.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
RP IGARASHI, T (reprint author), YOKOHAMA CITY UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT INTERNAL MED 1,YOKOHAMA 236,JAPAN.
NR 27
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495
SN 0090-1229
J9 CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOP
JI Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 72
IS 3
BP 307
EP 311
DI 10.1006/clin.1994.1146
PG 5
WC Immunology; Pathology
SC Immunology; Pathology
GA PC728
UT WOS:A1994PC72800003
PM 8062445
ER
PT J
AU KLONTZ, KC
COVER, DE
HYMAN, FN
MULLEN, RC
AF KLONTZ, KC
COVER, DE
HYMAN, FN
MULLEN, RC
TI FATAL GASTROENTERITIS DUE TO VIBRIO-FLUVIALIS AND NONFATAL BACTEREMIA
DUE TO VIBRIO-MIMICUS - UNUSUAL VIBRIO INFECTIONS IN 2 PATIENTS
SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Letter
ID UNITED-STATES
C1 FLORIDA DEPT HLTH & REHABIL SERV,TALLAHASSEE,FL.
RP KLONTZ, KC (reprint author), US FDA,EPIDEMIOL BRANCH,HFS-728,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 5
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637
SN 1058-4838
J9 CLIN INFECT DIS
JI Clin. Infect. Dis.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 19
IS 3
BP 541
EP 542
PG 2
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA PG431
UT WOS:A1994PG43100023
PM 7811875
ER
PT J
AU BERLIN, E
MCCLURE, D
BANKS, MA
PETERS, RC
AF BERLIN, E
MCCLURE, D
BANKS, MA
PETERS, RC
TI HEART AND LIVER FATTY-ACID COMPOSITION AND VITAMIN-E CONTENT IN
MINIATURE SWINE FED DIETS CONTAINING CORN AND MENHADEN OILS
SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE FATTY ACID COMPOSITION; VITAMIN-E; MINIATURE SWINE; CORN OIL; MENHADEN
OIL; PUFA
ID FISH OIL; MEMBRANE FLUIDITY; FLUORESCENCE POLARIZATION; ADULT MEN; N-3;
LIPIDS; SUPPLEMENTATION; INGESTION; PLASMA; ATHEROSCLEROSIS
AB Female miniature swine, 4-11 yr. were fed 15% fat diets containing n-3 and/or n-6 polyunsaturated fat for 6 months, at 1.95 g fat/kg body weight. Liver lipids from menhaden oil-fed minipigs were elevated in the n-3 fatty acids: 20:5, 22:5 and 22:6, but heart lipids only in 20:5 and 22:5. Liver cell plasma membrane was elevated in 20:5, 22:5 and 22:6 and lowered in the n-6 acids 18:2 and 20:4 in menhaden oil-fed animals, to a greater extent than in the total tissue lipids. Liver alpha-tocopherol tended to decrease upon feeding menhaden oil, but heart alpha-tocopherol concentrations were not affected.
C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV TOXICOL STUDIES,BELTSVILLE RES FACIL,LAUREL,MD 20708.
RP BERLIN, E (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,LIPID NUTR LAB,BLDG 308,RM 109,BARC-E,10300 BALTIMORE AVE,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA.
NR 33
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0300-9629
J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS A
JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A-Physiol.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 109
IS 1
BP 53
EP 61
DI 10.1016/0300-9629(94)90311-5
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology
GA NZ742
UT WOS:A1994NZ74200005
PM 8076453
ER
PT J
AU BACHMAN, WJ
DELAP, RJ
AF BACHMAN, WJ
DELAP, RJ
TI POPULATION PHARMACOKINETICS OF HIGH-DOSE ZIDOVUDINE IN A PHASE-I CANCER
STUDY
SO DRUG INVESTIGATION
LA English
DT Article
ID METASTATIC COLORECTAL-CARCINOMA; CONTINUOUS-INFUSION; LEUCOVORIN
CALCIUM; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; FLUOROURACIL; MODULATION; CHILDREN
AB High doses of zidovudine, fluorouracil and calcium folinate have been simultaneously administered as a weekly 24-hour infusion in a chemotherapeutic protocol for cancer patients with solid tumours. The established therapeutic regimen, fluorouracil and calcium folinate, acts by inhibiting thymidylate synthase in tumour tissues. The theoretical basis for incorporation of zidovudine into this chemotherapeutic regimen is to interfere with the thymidine salvage pathway lending to more effective depletion of thymidine nucleotide levels and enhanced cytotoxicity to rapidly proliferating cells. Patient plasma sampling was performed prior to termination of the 24-hour infusion to assess steady-state levels and during a 4-hour postinfusion period to observe the decay kinetics. Samples were assayed for zidovudine by high-performance liquid chromatography. Pharmacokinetic profiles were evaluated for 11 patients administered doses at escalating levels in the range of 7 to 15 g/m(2) of zidovudine (6 patients received 3 dose levels, 1 patient received 2 levels, and 4 patients received only 1 level). The data was analysed using NONMEM, a computer program for population pharmacokinetic analysis. A 2-compartment pharmacokinetic model with parallel first-order and Michaelis-Menten elimination was used as the structural model, and a constant variance model was used to model intraindividual error. First-order-clearance was modelled as being proportional to a covariate (serum creatinine clearance). Population estimates for volumes of the central and peripheral compartments were 24.3 and 62.5L, respectively. Estimates of first-order clearance and intercompartmental clearance in Wh were (0.436 x serum creatinine clearance) [in ml/min] and 50.2, respectively. The Michaelis-Menten constants, V-max and K-m, were 22.0 mg/L/h and 9.28 mg/L, respectively, where V-max is the maximum velocity of the capacity-limited process and K-m is the concentration at half the maximum velocity. The 2-compartment parallel elimination model described provided a good fit for the nonlinear kinetics observed for zidovudine at high doses. NONMEM I was found to be useful for pharmacokinetic analysis of a small population with dense sampling.
C1 GEORGETOWN UNIV,VINCENT T LOMBARDI CANC RES CTR,WASHINGTON,DC.
RP BACHMAN, WJ (reprint author), US FDA,DIV BIOPHARMACEUT,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROOM 13B17,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 24
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ADIS INTERNATIONAL LTD
PI AUCKLAND
PA 41 CENTORIAN DR, PRIVATE BAG 65901, MAIRANGI BAY, AUCKLAND 10, NEW
ZEALAND
SN 0114-2402
J9 DRUG INVEST
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 8
IS 3
BP 134
EP 142
PG 9
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA PH533
UT WOS:A1994PH53300002
ER
PT J
AU STEWART, SFC
ARABIA, FA
NAST, EP
TALBOT, TL
PROSCHAN, M
CLARK, RE
AF STEWART, SFC
ARABIA, FA
NAST, EP
TALBOT, TL
PROSCHAN, M
CLARK, RE
TI ERRORS IN PRESSURE-GRADIENT MEASUREMENT IN PROSTHETIC AORTIC VALVES DUE
TO PRESSURE RECOVERY - TYPE, SIZE, AND FLOW-RATE EFFECTS IN-VITRO
SO ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY-A JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR ULTRASOUND AND ALLIED
TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
DE PROSTHETIC HEART VALVES; PRESSURE RECOVERY; PRESSURE GRADIENT; DOPPLER
CATHETER COMPARISONS; IN-VITRO TESTING
AB We assessed errors in valvular pressure gradients due to pressure recovery, the variation in aortic pressure with distance from the valve, to explain errors in catheter measurements and simultaneous continuous-wave Doppler/catheter studies. Ten types and three sizes of valves were tested in vitro. Aortic pressure was measured by catheter between 1 and 6 cm from the valve. Pressure recovery was quantified as the slope of the gradient with distance from the annulus. Valve type, size, and flow rate effects were determined by analysis of variance. Relationships between Doppler and maximal catheter gradients were also analyzed statistically. The slope of pressure recovery was significantly higher in smaller valves (P < 0.01), in bioprosthetic rather than mechanical valves (P < 0.001), and at higher flows (P < 0.0001). Doppler/catheter slopes were dependent on valve type and size, with more overestimation by Doppler in mechanical (P < 0.01) and larger valves (P < 0.01). Errors due to catheter positioning are more likely wherever effects of pressure recovery are higher: in bioprosthetic valves, smaller valves, and at higher flow rates. Pressure recovery can explain overestimation by Doppler only if localized gradients closer than 1 cm from the valve exist. Clinicians should be aware of these effects of pressure recovery when making major diagnostic and therapeutic decisions.
RP STEWART, SFC (reprint author), US FDA,HYDRODYNAM & ACOUST BRANCH,5600 FISHERS LANE,HFZ 132,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 0
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU FUTURA PUBL CO
PI ARMONK
PA 135 BEDFORD RD, PO BOX 418, ARMONK, NY 10504-0418
SN 0742-2822
J9 ECHOCARDIOGR-J CARD
JI Echocardiography-J. Cardiovasc. Ultrasound Allied Tech.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 11
IS 5
BP 425
EP 436
DI 10.1111/j.1540-8175.1994.tb01082.x
PG 12
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA PH806
UT WOS:A1994PH80600002
ER
PT J
AU CAREY, RF
HERMAN, BA
AF CAREY, RF
HERMAN, BA
TI LIMITATIONS IN THE APPLICABILITY OF THE SIMPLIFIED BERNOULLI RELATION TO
AORTIC-STENOSIS
SO ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY-A JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR ULTRASOUND AND ALLIED
TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
AB Transvalvular pressure gradients (TPG) may be directly measured by invasive catheterization of the heart or indirectly estimated by echocardiography through Doppler measurement of fluid velocity. A significant body of work has recently shown that pressure recovery distal to the point of maximum velocity must be taken into account in the evaluation of aortic flows. Supported by this new work, conceptual arguments are presented here that challenge the common computation of pressure gradient across a restricting orifice from measurements of maximum fluid velocity, V. We argue that ideal, quasi-steady flow proximal to and highly dissipative flow distal to the orifice are inappropriate simplifications. Rather, the relationship, TPG congruent-to K x V2, which frequently provides an acceptable estimate of TPG for values of K near 4, should be viewed as an empirical estimate of pressure drop due to loss mechanisms. Calculations of energy losses using one particular flow model demonstrate this. Such a reorientation in the interpretation of Doppler data provides critical insights into valve and patient variations, which heretofore have been assigned to measurement uncertainties. Based upon this analysis, the Food and Drug Administration's Office of Device Evaluation now asks that the coefficient K be determined in vitro for new prosthetic heart valves prior to human implantation.
RP CAREY, RF (reprint author), FDA,CDRH,HFZ 132,12721A TWINBROOK PKWY,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU FUTURA PUBL CO
PI ARMONK
PA 135 BEDFORD RD, PO BOX 418, ARMONK, NY 10504-0418
SN 0742-2822
J9 ECHOCARDIOGR-J CARD
JI Echocardiography-J. Cardiovasc. Ultrasound Allied Tech.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 11
IS 5
BP 437
EP 443
DI 10.1111/j.1540-8175.1994.tb01083.x
PG 7
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA PH806
UT WOS:A1994PH80600003
ER
PT J
AU WOODS, TO
BERGHAUS, DG
AF WOODS, TO
BERGHAUS, DG
TI THE BIAXIAL LOADING RESPONSE OF POWDER ALUMINUM AT ELEVATED-TEMPERATURE
SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
ID STRAIN
AB Nuclear fuel can be fabricated using powder-metallurgy processes by compacting uranium-oxide powder with aluminum powder to form a cermet and then extruding the cermet to form fuel tubes. This method of production, allows greater control of uranium-oxide particle size and distribution in the tube, making the production of fuel with greater concentrations of uranium oxide possible, and thus decreasing the volume of radioactive waste remaining after the fuel is spent. As the concentration of uranium oxide increases, however, there is an increase in failures during extrusion. To address this problem, an experimental procedure was developed to examine the response of powder aluminum, a material with a structure similar to that of the cermet fuel, to biaxial loadings such as those experienced during extrusion. Biaxial loadings can be varied from pure shear to simple tension or compression, or to combinations of these loadings in a numerically controlled 'tension-torsion' testing machine. Data obtained using this system were used to develop a model for the post-yield behavior in extruded powder aluminum which includes information derived both from the macroscopic stress-strain behavior of 1100 aluminum and extruded powder aluminum and from the observed microscopic structure of the extruded powder aluminum.
This paper describes the development of the experimental system and shows the different biaxial mechanical behavior of the two materials. Test fixtures were developed and software was written to control constant strain-rate tension, compression, torsion, combined tension-torsion, and combined compression-torsion tests performed using a computer-controlled MTS biaxial testing machine. Extruded powder aluminum and 1100 aluminum specimens were tested at 427 degrees C, the powder-aluminum extrusion temperature, under those loading conditions. Each specimen was subjected to only one loading cycle. Data were recorded during loading only. Tested specimens were also sectioned and examined microscopically.
C1 GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,SCH CIVIL ENGN,ESM PROGRAM,ATLANTA,GA 30332.
RP WOODS, TO (reprint author), US FDA,CDRH,DIV MECH & MAT SCI,12200 WILKINS AVE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA.
NR 22
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 3
PU SOC EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS
PI BETHEL
PA 7 SCHOOL STREET, BETHEL, CT 06801
SN 0014-4851
J9 EXP MECH
JI Exp. Mech.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 34
IS 3
BP 249
EP 255
DI 10.1007/BF02319762
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science,
Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science; Mechanics
GA PJ166
UT WOS:A1994PJ16600009
ER
PT J
AU SUTHERLAND, JB
FREEMAN, JP
WILLIAMS, AJ
CERNIGLIA, CE
AF SUTHERLAND, JB
FREEMAN, JP
WILLIAMS, AJ
CERNIGLIA, CE
TI N-OXIDATION OF QUINOLINE AND ISOQUINOLINE BY CUNNINGHAMELLA-ELEGANS
SO EXPERIMENTAL MYCOLOGY
LA English
DT Note
DE AZAARENES; CUNNINGHAMELLA ELEGANS; ISOQUINOLINE; N-OXIDATION; QUINOLINE
ID AROMATIC-COMPOUNDS; MUTAGENICITY; DERIVATIVES; METABOLISM; DIHYDRODIOL;
OXIDE; FUNGI
AB Cultures of Cunninghamella elegans were grown for 7 days in liquid Sabouraud medium containing 1.9 mM quinoline or isoquinoline. The spent culture media were extracted with ethyl acetate; metabolites were purified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and thin-layer chromatography. The major metabolite produced from each compound was identified by the HPLC elution time, ultraviolet/visible absorption spectrum, and mass spectrum. Under similar conditions, approximately 65% of the added quinoline and 3% of the added isoquinoline were metabolized to quinoline N-oxide and isoquinoline N-oxide, respectively. (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc.
RP SUTHERLAND, JB (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 23
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495
SN 0147-5975
J9 EXP MYCOL
JI Exp. Mycol.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 18
IS 3
BP 271
EP 274
DI 10.1006/emyc.1994.1026
PG 4
WC Plant Sciences; Mycology
SC Plant Sciences; Mycology
GA PC625
UT WOS:A1994PC62500007
ER
PT J
AU KOMOLPRASERT, V
HARGRAVES, WA
ARMSTRONG, DJ
AF KOMOLPRASERT, V
HARGRAVES, WA
ARMSTRONG, DJ
TI DETERMINATION OF BENZENE RESIDUES IN RECYCLED POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE
(PETE) BY DYNAMIC HEADSPACE GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY
SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS
LA English
DT Article
DE BENZENE; HEADSPACE GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; RECYCLED POLYETHYLENE
TEREPHTHALATE; RECYCLED PETE
AB A dynamic headspace-gas chromatography (HS/GC) method was developed to quantitate benzene in recycled PETE material derived from 21 PETE beverage bottles. The analytical system consisted of a purge-and-trap apparatus which was interfaced directly with a gas chromatograph/flame ionization detector. Cryofocusing and non-cryofocusing GC systems were used. The technique was applied to spiked PETE test samples which were prepared at various benzene concentrations ranging from 100 ppb to 117 ppm. The initial spiked benzene concentration in the PETE test samples was determined gravimetrically. The HS/GC technique was limited by the slow desorption rate of benzene from the PETE matrix; as a result, multipurges were performed at 60-degrees-C. Regression analysis was done on the multipurge data to develop a desorption model which would predict the total amount of benzene in the PETE. The calculated results agreed with the experimental recoveries within +/- 10%. Recovery depended on the initial benzene level in the PETE and ranged from 70 to 90% after the first five purges.
RP KOMOLPRASERT, V (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR FOOD SAFETY & TECHNOL,SUMMIT ARGO,IL 60501, USA.
NR 0
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 5
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI LONDON
PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE
SN 0265-203X
J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM
JI Food Addit. Contam.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 1994
VL 11
IS 5
BP 605
EP 614
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology
GA PP322
UT WOS:A1994PP32200006
PM 7835473
ER
PT J
AU GUEDON, JP
BIZAIS, Y
AF GUEDON, JP
BIZAIS, Y
TI BAND-LIMITED AND HAAR FILTERED BACK-PROJECTION RECONSTRUCTIONS
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; INTERPOLATION
AB In this paper a new way to discretize the Filtered Back-Projection (FBP) algorithm is presented. The function basis is the Haar system (2D product of rectangular windows). This scheme allows one to derive the optimal shape of the apodisation window, which is angle varying, and the oversampling ratio between the pixel and the projection cell size. The discrete equivalent filter is also derived. The comparison of standard radial band-limited and separable Haar reconstructions shows that improvements, in terms of linearity, shift-invariance and aliasing, can be obtained even for the case of a limited number of views. Considerations of projection degradations are then analyzed according to a specific imaging device to derive the optimum oversampling ratio.
C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
CHR NANTES,LAN,CNRS,URA 823,F-44035 NANTES,FRANCE.
NR 28
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 0278-0062
J9 IEEE T MED IMAGING
JI IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 13
IS 3
BP 430
EP 440
DI 10.1109/42.310874
PG 11
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA PF414
UT WOS:A1994PF41400002
PM 18218518
ER
PT J
AU WEAR, KA
WAGNER, RF
GARRA, BS
AF WEAR, KA
WAGNER, RF
GARRA, BS
TI HIGH-RESOLUTION ULTRASONIC BACKSCATTER COEFFICIENT ESTIMATION BASED ON
AUTOREGRESSIVE SPECTRAL ESTIMATION USING BURG ALGORITHM
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING
LA English
DT Article
ID DOPPLER ULTRASOUND; FREQUENCY; LIVER
AB An autoregressive (AR) method for spectral estimation was applied toward the task of estimating ultrasonic backscatter coefficients from small volumes of tissue. High spatial resolution is desirable for generating images of backscatter coefficient. Data was acquired from a homogeneous tissue-mimicking phantom and from a normal human liver in vivo. The AR method was much more resistant to gating artifacts than the traditional DET (discrete Fourier Transform) approach. The DFT method consistently underestimated backscatter coefficients at small gate lengths. Therefore backscatter coefficient image formation will be quantitatively more meaningful if based on AR spectral estimation rather than the DFT. The autoregressive method offers promise for enhanced spatial resolution and accuracy in ultrasonic tissue characterization and nondestructive evaluation of materials.
C1 GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20007.
RP WEAR, KA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,12720 TWINBROOK PKWY,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 37
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394
SN 0278-0062
J9 IEEE T MED IMAGING
JI IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 13
IS 3
BP 500
EP 507
DI 10.1109/42.310881
PG 8
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA PF414
UT WOS:A1994PF41400009
PM 18218525
ER
PT J
AU HALL, RH
KHAMBATY, FM
KOTHARY, MH
KEASLER, SP
TALL, BD
AF HALL, RH
KHAMBATY, FM
KOTHARY, MH
KEASLER, SP
TALL, BD
TI VIBRIO-CHOLERAE NON-O1 SEROGROUP ASSOCIATED WITH CHOLERA GRAVIS
GENETICALLY AND PHYSIOLOGICALLY RESEMBLES O1 EL-TOR CHOLERA STRAINS
SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; TOXIN-COREGULATED PILI; CLINICAL CHOLERA;
PURIFICATION; ENTEROTOXINS; PATHOGENESIS
AB Until recently, only Vibrio cholerae strains of the 01 serogroup have been associated with epidemic cholera. In December 1992, an outbreak of cholera gravis in Vellore, India, was attributed to a new serogroup of V. cholerae recently designated 0139. Serogroup 0139 cholera has since spread to 13 countries and has reached pandemic proportions. Serogroup 0139 cholera evades immunity to 01 cholera and is not detected by the standard 01 antigen test. Understanding the origins of 0139 cholera and determining the relatedness of 0139 to 01 cholera are necessary to devise strategies for detecting, reporting, and controlling this new pandemic. In order to determine the origins of this novel cholera serogroup, 0139 was analyzed for virulence genes, for virulence proteins and their regulation, and for its genomic background. We found that 0139 and 01 V. cholerae strains of the El Tor biotype possess highly homologous virulence genes encoding cholera toxin and toxin coregulated pill and that the regulation of virulence protein expression likewise was indistinguishable between 0139 and 01. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) revealed the restriction digest pattern of 0139 strains to be closely related to that of 01 serogroup El Tor biotype cholera strains from the Indian subcontinent. However, PFGE shelved minor differences among individual 0139 cholera isolates, suggesting that 0139 V. cholerae is evolving.
RP HALL, RH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,OPDFB,DVA,VMB,HFS 327,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
OI Tall, Ben/0000-0003-0399-3629
NR 23
TC 28
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0019-9567
J9 INFECT IMMUN
JI Infect. Immun.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 62
IS 9
BP 3859
EP 3863
PG 5
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA PC836
UT WOS:A1994PC83600035
PM 8063402
ER
PT J
AU DEBINSKI, W
PURI, RK
PASTAN, I
AF DEBINSKI, W
PURI, RK
PASTAN, I
TI INTERLEUKIN-4 RECEPTORS EXPRESSED ON TUMOR-CELLS MAY SERVE AS A TARGET
FOR ANTICANCER THERAPY USING CHIMERIC PSEUDOMONAS EXOTOXIN
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
LA English
DT Article
ID GROWTH-FACTOR-ALPHA; ANTITUMOR-ACTIVITY; TOXIN; IMMUNOTOXINS; CARCINOMA;
MICE
AB Interleukin-4 receptors (IL4R) are present on a wide variety of human cancer cells derived from both hematopoietic and epithelial malignancies. We have targeted IL4R on a human solid tumor xenograft with chimeric proteins composed of human IL4 (hIL4) and 2 different mutant forms of a powerful bacterial toxin, Pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE). The 2 chimeric toxins, termed hIL4-PE(4E) and hlL4-PE38QQR, showed specific, hIL4R-dependent and dose-dependent antitumor activities. Neither of the chimeric toxins showed antitumor potency when the ADP-ribosylation activity of the toxin was inactivated by mutagenesis. One of the chimeras, hIL4-PE38QQR, caused a complete although transient regression of established solid tumors. These observations indicate that hIL4-PE chimeric proteins should be further evaluated for the treatment of human malignancies. (C) 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 UNIV MONTREAL,HOTEL DIEU HOSP,RES CTR,MOLEC TARGETING LAB,MONTREAL H2W 1T8,PQ,CANADA.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CELLULAR & GENE THERAPIES,MOLEC TUMOR BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NCI,DIV CANC BIOL DIAG & CTR,MOLEC BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NR 20
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI NEW YORK
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 0020-7136
J9 INT J CANCER
JI Int. J. Cancer
PD SEP 1
PY 1994
VL 58
IS 5
BP 744
EP 748
DI 10.1002/ijc.2910580520
PG 5
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA PE112
UT WOS:A1994PE11200019
PM 8077061
ER
PT J
AU VARRICCHIO, F
STROMBERG, K
AF VARRICCHIO, F
STROMBERG, K
TI AN ALBUMIN-LIKE PROTEIN IS THE MAJOR SECRETORY PROTEIN OF OVARIAN
EPITHELIAL-CELLS IN-VIVO AND IN-VITRO
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGICAL CANCER
LA English
DT Article
DE ALBUMIN; CELL CULTURE; OVARIAN EPITHELIUM
AB Contemporary experimental techniques were used to evaluate the protein secretion of ovarian epithelium. The protein composition of 14 ovarian cyst fluids (OCF) from either cystadenomas or cystadenocarcinomas, and conditioned media (CM) from seven ovarian carcinoma lines in culture, were-analyzed by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions, and Western immunoblots. The major protein common to all the above samples was a 65 kDa protein that, by densitometry, constituted between 43% and 77% of OCF protein and 19% and 38% of CM protein. By Western blot analysis, this band was immunologically related to human albumin. Moreover, immunoreactivity to albumin was demonstrated in ovarian epithelium in vivo. Ovarian epithelium synthesizes and releases an albumin-like protein that constitutes the major secretory protein. This may suggest an osmotic mechanism for cyst enlargement in ovarian cystadenomas.
RP VARRICCHIO, F (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BLDG 29A,ROOM 3B24,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142
SN 1048-891X
J9 INT J GYNECOL CANCER
JI Int. J. Gynecol. Cancer
PD SEP-OCT
PY 1994
VL 4
IS 5
BP 328
EP 332
DI 10.1046/j.1525-1438.1994.04050328.x
PG 5
WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology
SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology
GA PC061
UT WOS:A1994PC06100008
ER
PT J
AU SHELLOCK, FG
KANAL, E
BEERS, GJ
BRONSKILL, MJ
BURK, DL
DROST, DJ
ENGELS, ML
FLEMLEE, J
GIFFORD, L
HARMS, SE
KEELER, E
MAGIN, R
MALONEY, W
PAYLICEK, W
PAYNE, JT
ROGERS, JT
ROGERS, J
RUSZKOWSKI, J
RUSZKOWSKI, A
SANO, R
SCHAEFER, DJ
SCHREIBER, R
SEYEDZACIEH, J
SHUPING, R
VASILA, M
WEINREB, J
AF SHELLOCK, FG
KANAL, E
BEERS, GJ
BRONSKILL, MJ
BURK, DL
DROST, DJ
ENGELS, ML
FLEMLEE, J
GIFFORD, L
HARMS, SE
KEELER, E
MAGIN, R
MALONEY, W
PAYLICEK, W
PAYNE, JT
ROGERS, JT
ROGERS, J
RUSZKOWSKI, J
RUSZKOWSKI, A
SANO, R
SCHAEFER, DJ
SCHREIBER, R
SEYEDZACIEH, J
SHUPING, R
VASILA, M
WEINREB, J
TI GUIDELINES AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MR-IMAGING SAFETY AND
PATIENT-MANAGEMENT .3. QUESTIONNAIRE FOR SCREENING PATIENTS BEFORE MR
PROCEDURES
SO JMRI-JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
LA English
DT Article
DE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS; PATIENT MONITORING; QUALITY ASSURANCE; SAFETY
ID POLICIES
AB The authors present the third installment of the guidelines and recommendations from the Safety Committee of the Society for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (now the Society of Magnetic Resonance) concerning various issues related to the safety and management of patients undergoing magnetic resonance (MR) procedures. This document was developed to provide standardized and consistent information for use by health practitioners involved in screening patients or other individuals for MR procedures.
C1 UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260.
UCLA SCH MED,DEPT RADIOL SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA.
ST JOHNS HOSP,DEPT IMAGING,SANTA MONICA,CA.
PITTSBURGH NMR INST,PITTSBURGH,PA.
SHIELDS HLTH CARE GRP INC,BROCKTON,MA.
SUNNYBROOK HLTH SCI CTR,TORONTO,ON,CANADA.
ST JOSEPHS HLTH CTR,LONDON,ON,CANADA.
BERLEX LABS INC,WAYNE,NJ.
BAYLOR UNIV,MED CTR,DALLAS,TX.
MAYO CLIN,SCOTTSDALE,AZ.
ABBOTT NW HOSP,MINNEAPOLIS,MN.
HITACHI MED SYST AMER,TWINSBURG,OH.
RESONEX,SUNNYVALE,CA.
PHILIPS MED SYST,SHELTON,CT.
NATL ELECT MFG ASSOC,WASHINGTON,DC.
INT ELECTROTECH COMMISS,GENEVA,SWITZERLAND.
GE MED SYST,MILWAUKEE,WI.
TOSHIBA AMER MED SYST,SAN FRANCISCO,CA.
MAYO CLIN & MAYO FDN,ROCHESTER,MN 55905.
PICKER INT,HIGHLAND HTS,OH.
UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801.
US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
OHIO STATE UNIV HOSP,COLUMBUS,OH 43210.
NYU MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10016.
RP SHELLOCK, FG (reprint author), TOWER IMAGING,STE 106,444 S SAN VICENTE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90048, USA.
NR 8
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 2
PU SOC MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
PI EASTON
PA 1991 NORTHAMPTON ST, EASTON, PA 18042-3189
SN 1053-1807
J9 JMRI-J MAGN RESON IM
JI JMRI-J. Magn. Reson. Imaging
PD SEP-OCT
PY 1994
VL 4
IS 5
BP 749
EP 751
DI 10.1002/jmri.1880040519
PG 3
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA PH089
UT WOS:A1994PH08900015
PM 7981521
ER
PT J
AU CIERI, UR
AF CIERI, UR
TI DETERMINATION OF RESERPINE, HYDRALAZINE HCL, AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE IN
TABLETS BY LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY ON A SHORT, NORMAL-PHASE COLUMN
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
AB A procedure is presented for the determination of reserpine, hydralazine HCl, and hydrochlorothiazide in tablets by liquid chromatography. The sample is extracted with methanol, and the extract is filtered through paper. Chromatography is performed in 2 stages, each using a 7.5 cm-long normal-phase column but different mobile phases. In the first stage, intended exclusively for reserpine, the mobile phase consists of methanol containing 2% aqueous 1-pentanesulfonic acid sodium salt at 4 parts/1000. Detection and quantitation of reserpine was by fluorescence at 280 nm (excitation) and 360 nm (emission). In the second stage, the amount of the salt solution in the mobile phase was increased to 5%. Detection and quantitation of hydrochlorothiazide and hydralazine HCl was by UV absorbance at 260 nm. One commercial sample of tablets was analyzed by the proposed method. Two determination of each ingredient were made on a ground composite. Ten individual tablets also were examined.
RP CIERI, UR (reprint author), US FDA,900 US CUSTOMHOUSE,2ND & CHESTNUT ST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19106, USA.
NR 4
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 2
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 1994
VL 77
IS 5
BP 1104
EP 1108
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PL737
UT WOS:A1994PL73700009
ER
PT J
AU SMEDLEY, MD
AF SMEDLEY, MD
TI LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF MULTIPLE SULFONAMIDE RESIDUES IN
BOVINE-MILK - COLLABORATIVE STUDY
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID FOODS
AB A collaborative study involving 8 laboratories was conducted on the determination of 8 sulfonamide residues in raw bovine milk using a liquid chromatographic (LC) method. The sulfonamides are extracted with chloroform-acetone, the organic phase is evaporated, the residues are dissolved in an aqueous potassium phosphate solution, and the fatty residues are removed by washing with hexane. The aqueous layer is collected, filtered, and injected onto an LC system, and the analyte is detected by ultraviolet (UV) absorption at 265 nm. To quantitate all 8 sulfonamides isocratically, 2 chromatographic conditions are required: 12% methanol in the mobile phase for 5 sulfonamides, and 30% methanol in the mobile phase for 4 sulfonamides. Sulfamethazine (SMZ), the most widely used sulfonamide, is detected by both systems. Collaborators were instructed to analyze 3 replicates each of control milk and control milk fortified at 3 levels. They were also provided with 20 blind incurred samples (10 samples in duplicate) to analyze. For 10 ppb fortified milk, the average interlaboratory recovery for the 8 sulfonamides ranged from 56.2% for sulfaquinoxaline (SQX) to 82.7% for SMZ in the 12% methanol mobile phase (SMZ12). Also at this level, S-r ranged from 3.2 for SQX to 8.9 for SMZ12, and S-R ranged from 6.9 for sulfadimethoxine to 17.2 for SMZ in the 30% methanol system (SMZ30). At 10 ppb, RSD(r) and RSD(R) ranged from 5.7% for SQX to 10.8% for SMZ12, and 10.1% for sulfamerazine to 20.9% for SMZ30, respectively. These results demonstrate that the method is suitable for the determination of the 8 sulfonamide residues in milk at 10 ppb. However, the identification of positives by this procedure needs additional confirmation by procedures comparable to the specificity achievable by liquid or gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry.
RP SMEDLEY, MD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,DIV RESIDUE CHEM,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA.
NR 4
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 2
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 1994
VL 77
IS 5
BP 1112
EP 1122
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PL737
UT WOS:A1994PL73700011
PM 7950413
ER
PT J
AU WILSON, RT
WONG, J
JOHNSTON, J
EPSTEIN, R
HELLER, DN
AF WILSON, RT
WONG, J
JOHNSTON, J
EPSTEIN, R
HELLER, DN
TI CONFIRMATION OF LEUCOGENTIAN VIOLET IN CHICKEN FAT BY GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY
MASS-SPECTROMETRY
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ELECTROCHEMICAL
DETECTION; RESIDUES
AB A gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric (GC/MS) procedure for confirming the identity of leucogentian violet (LGV) in chicken fat was developed for regulatory application. The unused portion of the extract remaining from a determinative procedure was back-extracted into an organic phase, concentrated, and analyzed by GC/MS. Confirmation of the identity of LGV was based on matching the retention times and relative abundances of 6 ions in the extract to corresponding values obtained for the LGV standard. The procedure was validated by replicate analyses of negative control, fortified control, and residue-incurred chicken fat. The presence of LGV was confirmed by the GC/MS procedure in all samples found to contain LGV by prior liquid chromatographic analyses. There were no interferences in the control samples.
C1 US FOOD SAFETY & INSPECT SERV,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20250.
US FOOD SAFETY & INSPECT SERV,WESTERN LAB,ALAMEDA,CA 94501.
US FDA,CTR VET MED,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705.
RP WILSON, RT (reprint author), US FOOD SAFETY & INSPECT SERV,MIDWESTERN LAB,POB 5080,ST LOUIS,MO 63115, USA.
NR 9
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 1994
VL 77
IS 5
BP 1137
EP 1142
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PL737
UT WOS:A1994PL73700014
PM 7950415
ER
PT J
AU BRYCE, JR
GLAZE, LE
AF BRYCE, JR
GLAZE, LE
TI EXTRACTION OF LIGHT FILTH FROM BEAN PASTE - COLLABORATIVE STUDY
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
AB Bean paste is a popular Asian food frequently imported to the United States. The main varieties are: hot bean and blackbean, which are used in pastry fillings; and soybean paste, which is usually used as a condiment. A new method was developed for the extraction of light filth from bean pastes containing beans and flour, and from hot bean paste containing red pepper. A 100 g test portion is boiled in tap water containing Igepal DM-710 and CO-730 and washed with hot tap water on a No. 230 sieve. The residue is transferred to a beaker and boiled in isopropanol in a reflux apparatus. The mixture is transferred to a No. 230 sieve. The residue is washed again, transferred to a 2 L trap flask with 40% isopropanol, boiled with magnetic stirring, cooled, and trapped off with flotation liquid [mineral oil-heptane (85 + 15, v/v)]. Ten laboratories participated in a collaborative study validating the extraction method for the detection of light filth. Average recoveries were 94.9 and 82.8% for insect fragments and rat hairs, respectively. The method has been adopted first action by AOAC INTERNATIONAL.
RP BRYCE, JR (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROANALYT EVALUAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 1994
VL 77
IS 5
BP 1143
EP 1146
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PL737
UT WOS:A1994PL73700015
ER
PT J
AU GERBER, HR
AF GERBER, HR
TI CHEMICAL-TEST FOR MAMMALIAN FECES IN-GROUND BLACK PEPPER - COLLABORATIVE
STUDY
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
AB A collaborative study for determining mammalian feces in ground black pepper was conducted, using a modified version of the AOAC Official Method 986.28 for mammalian feces in grain products. With the proposed method, the presence of alkaline phosphatase, an enzyme found in mammalian feces, was determined by using phenolphthalein diphosphate as the enzyme substrate in a test agar medium containing 1% agar in a berate buffer, pH 9.5. Ground black pepper was stirred in water to extract interfering color. The mixture was filtered and the residue was scattered on plates of liquid test agar. The alkaline phosphatase cleaved phosphate radicals from phenolphthalein diphosphate, generating free phenolphthalein, which appeared as pink to red-purple around the fecal particles in the previously colorless medium. For the 10- and 20-particle spike level, collaborators recovered averages of 12.3 and 24.1 particles, respectively. The experimental background was zero. Collaborators reported that the method was clear and easy to perform.
C1 US FDA,DIV MICROANALYT EVALUAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 1994
VL 77
IS 5
BP 1146
EP 1149
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PL737
UT WOS:A1994PL73700016
PM 7950416
ER
PT J
AU GLAZE, LE
BRYCE, JR
AF GLAZE, LE
BRYCE, JR
TI EXTRACTION OF LIGHT FILTH FROM WHOLE WHEAT-FLOUR, FLOTATION METHOD -
COLLABORATIVE STUDY
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
AB An additional extraction/flotation method for the determination of light filth in whole wheat flour was validated through a collaborative study. A 50 g test portion is boiled in a 3% HCl solution. The mixture is washed with hot tap water on a No. 230 sieve. Then the residue is boiled in isopropanol, transferred to a No. 230 sieve, and washed again. The residue is transferred to a Wildman trap flask using 40% isopropanol. The filth is isolated by flotation in mineral oil and a mixture of Tween 80 and Na(4)EDTA in 40% isopropanol. Average recoveries by 8 collaborators were 88.8 and 91.7% for insect fragments and rat hairs, respectively. The extraction/flotation method for determination of light filth in whole wheat flour has been adopted first action by AOAC INTERNATIONAL as an additional procedure to the AOAC Official Method 941.16, Filth in Grain Products.
RP GLAZE, LE (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 1
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 1994
VL 77
IS 5
BP 1150
EP 1152
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PL737
UT WOS:A1994PL73700017
ER
PT J
AU NAKASHIMA, MJ
AF NAKASHIMA, MJ
TI ALTERNATIVE SIEVING METHOD FOR EXTRACTION OF LIGHT FILTH FROM CHEESES -
COLLABORATIVE STUDY
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
AB A collaborative study was conducted on an alternative sieving method for the extraction of light filth from cheeses. The alternative method was developed that is applicable to broad variety of cheeses. A 225 g test portion is dispersed in a solution of 5.7% HCl, Igepal CO-730, and Igepal DM-710. Digested cheese is wet-sieved on a No. 230 sieve. The residue is treated with Tergitol Anionic 4, transferred to 1% sodium lauryl sulfate solution, heated, and maintained at 65 degrees-75 degrees C for 10 min. The residue is washed with these 2 surfactants a maximum of 4 times until it is reduced to an amount that is filterable. The residue is filtered and the filter papers are examined microscopically at a magnification of ca 30x. Average recoveries by 9 collaborators for 3 spike levels of rat hairs (5, 10, and 15) were 80, 68, and 81%, respectively; for insect fragments (5, 15, and 30) recoveries were 97, 90, and 92%, respectively. The alternative sieving method for extraction of light filth from cheeses has been adopted first action by AOAC INTERNATIONAL.
RP NAKASHIMA, MJ (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 1994
VL 77
IS 5
BP 1153
EP 1156
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PL737
UT WOS:A1994PL73700018
PM 7950417
ER
PT J
AU SATCHELL, FB
BRUCE, VR
ANDREWS, WH
JUNE, G
SHERROD, PS
HAMMACK, TS
FENG, P
AF SATCHELL, FB
BRUCE, VR
ANDREWS, WH
JUNE, G
SHERROD, PS
HAMMACK, TS
FENG, P
TI EFFECTS OF INCUBATION ATMOSPHERE, NOVOBIOCIN, AND MODIFIED PLATING MEDIA
ON THE EFFICIENCY OF A DNA-PROBE FOR RECOVERING SHIGELLA-FLEXNERI
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
AB An oligonucleotide probe specific for the invasion plasmid of Shigella spp. was used to study the effect of several culture method variables described in the Bacteriological Analytical Manual for retention of the plasmid in Shigella flexneri. Results of colony hybridization analyses showed that, in many instances, a slightly greater number of Shigella were detected by the DNA probe on MacConkey agar than on trypticase soy agar. Elevating the incubation temperature from 35 degrees to 42 degrees C slightly reduced the number of Shigella detectable by the probe. However, neither aerobic nor anaerobic incubation atmosphere or the inclusion of novobiocin in the media showed any consistent effect on the recovery of S. flexneri by the probe. Moreover, the detection efficiency of the probe was not generally affected by the different MacConkey agar formulations tested.
RP SATCHELL, FB (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL STUDIES,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 1994
VL 77
IS 5
BP 1157
EP 1161
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PL737
UT WOS:A1994PL73700019
ER
PT J
AU MOSSOBA, MM
LIN, HS
ANDRZEJEWSKI, D
SPHON, JA
BETZ, JM
MILLER, LJ
EPPLEY, RM
TRUCKSESS, MW
PAGE, SW
AF MOSSOBA, MM
LIN, HS
ANDRZEJEWSKI, D
SPHON, JA
BETZ, JM
MILLER, LJ
EPPLEY, RM
TRUCKSESS, MW
PAGE, SW
TI APPLICATION OF GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY MATRIX-ISOLATION FOURIER-TRANSFORM
INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS
FROM COMFREY ROOT (SYMPHYTUM-OFFICINALE L)
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID VENO-OCCLUSIVE DISEASE; RUSSIAN COMFREY; RATS; SPECTROMETRY;
DERIVATIVES; TOXICITY; FEATURES; LIVER; HERB
AB This paper demonstrates that pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) extracted from comfrey root grown in Washington State (USA) can be identified by gas chromatography/matrix isolation/Fourier transform infrared (GC/MI/FTIR) spectroscopy. Infrared spectral bands observed in the fingerprint region were unique even for closely related structures. The identities of the 4 major components, intermedine, lycopsamine, 7-acetylintermedine, and 7-acetyllycopsamine, were confirmed by comparison with standards. Confirmation was also obtained by using the established techniques of electron ionization and positive ion chemical ionization gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The infrared spectra observed for the components of the root extract were consistent with known structures of specific PAs. The identities of the minor components, symphytine and its isomers symlandine and/or symviridine, in the same extract were not confirmed.
C1 US FDA,DIV NAT PROD,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
RP MOSSOBA, MM (reprint author), US FDA,DIV GEN SCI SUPPORT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 47
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 2
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 1994
VL 77
IS 5
BP 1167
EP 1174
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PL737
UT WOS:A1994PL73700021
ER
PT J
AU HAMILL, TW
SOLIMAN, AM
AF HAMILL, TW
SOLIMAN, AM
TI DETERMINATION OF CHOLESTEROL BY P-NITROBENZOATE DERIVATIZATION AND
LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID FOODS; EGG; SEPARATION; MILK
AB The method involves direct saponification and formation of the sterol p-nitrobenzoate (PNB) derivatives or lipid extraction with methylene chloride and isopropyl alcohol, saponification, fatty acid methylation, and formation of the sterol PNB derivatives. The sterol PNB derivatives are separated on a Cg column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-hexane-water (250 + 30 + 3) and quantitated by UV detection at 280 nm. The limit of detection for cholesterol is 2 ng. The response was linear over a range of 4 to 250 ng (r=0.999). Assays of NIST SRM 1845 and 1563 by this method gave results that were closer to the certified values than were results obtained by the AOAC gas chromatographic method. Reproducibility was evaluated by using foods containing low, medium, and high levels of cholesterol. The % coefficient of variation ranged from 1.8 to 6.7. Studies on a wide variety of food products (using lipid extraction and saponification-methylation) gave a mean recovery of 87.5 +/- 10.1%. Direct saponification of poultry and dairy products gave a mean recovery of 101.3 +/- 15.8%. Peak purity was determined by diode array spectrophotometry.
RP HAMILL, TW (reprint author), US FDA,ATLANTA CTR NUTR ANAL,HFR-SE680,60 8TH ST NE,ATLANTA,GA 30309, USA.
NR 28
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 1
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 1994
VL 77
IS 5
BP 1190
EP 1196
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PL737
UT WOS:A1994PL73700025
ER
PT J
AU SIITONEN, PH
THOMPSON, HC
AF SIITONEN, PH
THOMPSON, HC
TI ANALYSIS OF CALCIUM AND LEAD IN CALCIUM SUPPLEMENTS BY
INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED PLASMA-ATOMIC EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY AND
GRAPHITE-FURNACE ATOMIC-ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID CHILDREN
AB A method was developed to analyze various calcium supplements for Ca and Pb content. The analysis involves a dry ash of the supplements followed by wet digestion. The Pb is determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry (GFAAS). Analysis of Ca is by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Ca supplements fortified with Pb at levels ranging from 0.25 to 10.0 mu g/g yielded recoveries ranging from 82.7 +/- 4.2 to 105.0 +/- 1.7%. To test accuracy, the method was applied to National Institute of Standards and Technology standard reference materials (NIST SRMs) 1572 citrus leaves and 1486 bone meal. GFAAS analysis of SRM 1572 averaged 13.1 +/- 0.6 mu g Pb per g (certificate value, 13.3 +/- 2.4 mu g Pb per g), and analysis of SRM 1486 averaged 1.34 +/- 0.11 mu g Pb per g (certificate value, 1.335 +/- 0.014 mu g Pb per g). ICP-AES analysis of SRM 1572 averaged 3.12 +/- 0.01% Ca (certificate value, 3.15 +/- 0.10% Ca by weight), and analysis of SRM 1486 averaged 27.63 +/- 0.27% Ca (certificate value, 26.58 +/- 0.24% Ca). The method's limit of quantitation (LOQ), on supplement Ca basis and a 1 g sample, averaged 0.75 mu g Pb per 1 g Ca for supplements containing 9 to 35% Ca by weight. At a Pb level of 0.663 mu g/g Ca, the reproducibility relative standard deviation (RSD(r)) averaged 7.3% and the repeatability relative standard deviation (RSD(R)) averaged 8.0%. It is recommended that the method be studied collaboratively.
RP SIITONEN, PH (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,RES OFF,DIV CHEM,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA.
NR 12
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 3
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 1994
VL 77
IS 5
BP 1299
EP 1304
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PL737
UT WOS:A1994PL73700040
PM 7950430
ER
PT J
AU FURMAN, WB
LAYLOFF, TP
TETZLAFF, RF
AF FURMAN, WB
LAYLOFF, TP
TETZLAFF, RF
TI VALIDATION OF COMPUTERIZED LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC SYSTEMS
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
AB Almost all vendors of liquid chromatographs offer dedicated computer-based controller/data-processing systems. These systems are integrated into the operation of the equipment and frequently use proprietary software systems for which complete documentation and program listings are not available to the user. In some instances, data in magnetic media are considered to be ''raw data'' for regulatory retention requirements. in addition, printed copies of final data used to make decisions and the procedures used to generate these data from raw data must be prepared and retained. In all cases, the systems must be validated to demonstrate that they are suitable for their intended uses. Approaches to validation of these systems are described and discussed.
C1 US FDA,ATLANTA,GA 30309.
RP FURMAN, WB (reprint author), US FDA,DIV DRUG ANAL,114 MARKET ST,ROOM 1002,ST LOUIS,MO 63101, USA.
NR 7
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 0
U2 0
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 1994
VL 77
IS 5
BP 1314
EP 1318
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA PL737
UT WOS:A1994PL73700043
ER
PT J
AU LUU, HMD
BILES, J
WHITE, KD
AF LUU, HMD
BILES, J
WHITE, KD
TI CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYESTER DEGRADATION PRODUCTS - REPLY
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED BIOMATERIALS
LA English
DT Letter
ID 2,4-DIAMINOTOLUENE
RP LUU, HMD (reprint author), US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012
SN 1045-4861
J9 J APPL BIOMATER
JI J. Appl. Biomater.
PD FAL
PY 1994
VL 5
IS 3
BP 271
EP 272
PG 2
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA PC764
UT WOS:A1994PC76400013
ER
PT J
AU JOHNSON, FD
BURNS, DL
AF JOHNSON, FD
BURNS, DL
TI DETECTION AND SUBCELLULAR-LOCALIZATION OF 3 PTL PROTEINS INVOLVED IN THE
SECRETION OF PERTUSSIS TOXIN FROM BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS
SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID AGROBACTERIUM-TUMEFACIENS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE;
ENVELOPE PROTEINS; VIRB OPERON; BRONCHISEPTICA; GENES; PARAPERTUSSIS;
EXPRESSION; SUBUNITS
AB The ptl locus of Bordetella pertussis contains eight open reading frames which are predicted to encode proteins (PtlA to PtlH) that are essential for secretion of pertussis toxin from the bacterium and which are members of a family of transport proteins found in other types of bacteria. We have detected PtlE, PtlF, and PtlG in immunoblots of extracts of B. pertussis by using antibodies raised to fusion proteins consisting of maltose-binding protein and the individual Ptl proteins. These proteins have apparent molecular weights similar to those predicted by DNA sequence analysis. Cell fractionation studies indicated that all three Ptl proteins are associated with the membranes of B. pertussis, suggesting that the Ptl proteins form a gate or channel which facilitates transport of pertussis toxin. Cell extracts of other Bordetella spp. were probed with antibodies to Ptl proteins for the presence of these transport proteins. Neither Bordetella parapertussis nor Bordetella bronchiseptica contained detectable levels of PtlE or PtlF. This lack of detectable Ptl protein may provide an explanation for previous observations which indicated that introduction of the genes encoding pertussis toxin subunits from B. pertussis into other Bordetella spp. results in production of the toxin but not secretion of the toxin.
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852.
NR 40
TC 27
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0021-9193
J9 J BACTERIOL
JI J. Bacteriol.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 176
IS 17
BP 5350
EP 5356
PG 7
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA PD457
UT WOS:A1994PD45700020
PM 8071211
ER
PT J
AU STIBITZ, S
AF STIBITZ, S
TI MUTATIONS IN THE BVGA GENE OF BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS THAT DIFFERENTIALLY
AFFECT REGULATION OF VIRULENCE DETERMINANTS
SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ADENYLATE-CYCLASE TOXIN; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; FISCHERI LUXR PROTEIN;
C-TERMINAL REGION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION;
RHIZOBIUM-MELILOTI; CLONING SYSTEM; BINDING DOMAIN; DNA-BINDING
AB By using chemical mutagenesis and genetic mapping, a search was undertaken for previously undescribed genes which may be involved in different regulatory mechanisms governing different virulence factors of Bordetella pertussis. Previous studies have shown that the fha locus encoding filamentous hemagglutinin is regulated directly by the bvgAS two component system, while regulation of ptx encoding pertussis toxin is less direct or occurs by a different mechanism. With a strain containing gene fusions to each of these regulated loci, screening was done for mutations which were defective for pa expression but maintained normal or nearly normal levels of fha expression. Two mutations which had such a phenotype and were also deficient in adenylate cyclase toxin/hemolysin expression were found and characterized more fully. Both were found to affect residues in the C-terminal portion of the BvgA response regulator protein, a domain which shares sequence similarity with a family of regulatory proteins including FixJ, UhpA, MalT, RcsA, RcsB, and LuxR. The residues affected are within a region which, by extension from studies on the LuxR protein, may be involved in transcriptional activation.
RP STIBITZ, S (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
NR 37
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0021-9193
J9 J BACTERIOL
JI J. Bacteriol.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 176
IS 18
BP 5615
EP 5621
PG 7
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA PF222
UT WOS:A1994PF22200004
PM 8083156
ER
PT J
AU GUGLIELMI, RS
COX, DJ
SPYKER, DA
AF GUGLIELMI, RS
COX, DJ
SPYKER, DA
TI BEHAVIORAL TREATMENT OF PHOBIC AVOIDANCE IN MULTIPLE
CHEMICAL-SENSITIVITY
SO JOURNAL OF BEHAVIOR THERAPY AND EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ENVIRONMENTAL ILLNESS; 20TH-CENTURY DISEASE; CLINICAL ECOLOGY; FOOD
ALLERGY; DISORDERS; EXPOSURE
AB The clinical ecology model of environmental illness, or multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS), and particularly the theoretical assumptions, diagnostic procedures, and therapeutic recommendations promulgated by clinical ecologists are reviewed. No scientific evidence is found for their claims. MCS is conceptualized, instead, as a phobic disorder explicable in terms of the two-factor model of avoidance. Three cases of MCS are discussed in light of this model, and a comprehensive behavioral treatment package that includes biofeedback-assisted in vivo desensitization and cognitive restructuring is proposed.
C1 UNIV VIRGINIA,DEPT BEHAV MED & PSYCHIAT,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22903.
US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
RP GUGLIELMI, RS (reprint author), LAKE FOREST COLL,DEPT PSYCHOL,HOTCHKISS HALL,555 N SHERIDAN RD,LAKE FOREST,IL 60045, USA.
NR 36
TC 53
Z9 53
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0005-7916
J9 J BEHAV THER EXP PSY
JI J. Behav. Ther. Exp. Psychiatry
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 25
IS 3
BP 197
EP 209
PG 13
WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry
SC Psychology; Psychiatry
GA PQ158
UT WOS:A1994PQ15800003
PM 7852602
ER
PT J
AU CALVEY, EM
ROACH, JAG
BLOCK, E
AF CALVEY, EM
ROACH, JAG
BLOCK, E
TI SUPERCRITICAL-FLUID CHROMATOGRAPHY OF GARLIC (ALLIUM-SATIVUM) EXTRACTS
WITH MASS-SPECTROMETRIC IDENTIFICATION OF ALLICIN (VOL 32, PG 93, 1994)
SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC SCIENCE
LA English
DT Correction, Addition
C1 SUNY ALBANY,DEPT CHEM,ALBANY,NY 12222.
RP CALVEY, EM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
RI Block, Eric/D-3989-2014
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC
PI NILES
PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648
SN 0021-9665
J9 J CHROMATOGR SCI
JI J. Chromatogr. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 32
IS 9
BP A4
EP A4
PG 1
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA PN835
UT WOS:A1994PN83500001
ER
PT J
AU UHAA, IJ
FISHBEIN, DB
OLSON, JG
RIVES, CC
WAAG, DM
WILLIAMS, JC
AF UHAA, IJ
FISHBEIN, DB
OLSON, JG
RIVES, CC
WAAG, DM
WILLIAMS, JC
TI EVALUATION OF SPECIFICITY OF INDIRECT ENZYME-LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY
FOR DIAGNOSIS OF HUMAN Q-FEVER (VOL 32, PG 1560, 1994)
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Correction, Addition
C1 CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,EPIDEMIOL PROGRAM OFF,DIV FIELD EPIDEMIOL,INT BRANCH,ATLANTA,GA 30333.
USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV BACTERIOL,PATHOGENESIS & IMMUNOL BRANCH,FT DETRICK,MD 21702.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,OFF VACCINE RES & REVIEW,DIV VACCINE & RELATED PROD APPLICAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852.
RP UHAA, IJ (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,DIV VIRAL & RICKETTSIAL DIS,ATLANTA,GA 30333, USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0095-1137
J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL
JI J. Clin. Microbiol.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 32
IS 9
BP 2343
EP 2343
PG 1
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA PB541
UT WOS:A1994PB54100072
ER
PT J
AU CALKINS, JM
ARNETT, DW
CARSTENSEN, P
CONDURSO, JA
FOSTER, PA
GERWER, A
GOOD, M
MOSS, E
REAM, AK
SPRAKER, TE
AF CALKINS, JM
ARNETT, DW
CARSTENSEN, P
CONDURSO, JA
FOSTER, PA
GERWER, A
GOOD, M
MOSS, E
REAM, AK
SPRAKER, TE
TI CRITICAL ISSUES RELATING STANDARDS FOR TECHNOLOGY TO PATIENT SAFETY
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MONITORING
LA English
DT Article
C1 PURITAN BENNETT CORP,CARLSBAD,CA.
US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
N AMER DRAGER,TELFORD,PA.
PENN STATE UNIV,MILTON S HERSHEY MED CTR,HERSHEY,PA 17033.
UNIV FLORIDA,GAINESVILLE,FL.
NJSSA,VERONA,NJ.
STANFORD UNIV,WOODSIDE,CA.
RP CALKINS, JM (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,MARICOPA MED CTR,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,2601 E ROOSEVELT,POB 5099,PHOENIX,AZ 85010, USA.
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL
PI DORDRECHT
PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0748-1977
J9 J CLIN MONITOR
JI J. Clin. Monit.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 10
IS 5
BP 296
EP 303
PG 8
WC Anesthesiology
SC Anesthesiology
GA PG092
UT WOS:A1994PG09200002
ER
PT J
AU BALA, S
ENGLUND, G
KOVACS, J
WAHL, L
MARTIN, M
SHER, A
GAZZINELLI, RT
AF BALA, S
ENGLUND, G
KOVACS, J
WAHL, L
MARTIN, M
SHER, A
GAZZINELLI, RT
TI TOXOPLASMA-GONDII SOLUBLE PRODUCTS INDUCE CYTOKINE SECRETION BY
MACROPHAGES AND POTENTIATE IN-VITRO REPLICATION OF A MONOTROPIC STRAIN
OF HIV
SO JOURNAL OF EUKARYOTIC MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd International Workshops on Opportunistic Protists
CY JUN 24-29, 1994
CL CLEVELAND STATE UNIV, CLEVELAND, OH
SP SOC OF PROTOZOOLOGIST
HO CLEVELAND STATE UNIV
ID TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; FACTOR-ALPHA;
KAPPA-B; EXPRESSION; ACTIVATION
C1 NIAID,MOLEC MICROBIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NCI,DEPT CRIT CARE MED,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NIDR,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
US FDA,DIV ANTIVIRAL DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
RP BALA, S (reprint author), NIAID,PARASIT DIS LAB,9000 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
NR 7
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU SOC PROTOZOOLOGISTS
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044
SN 1066-5234
J9 J EUKARYOT MICROBIOL
JI J. Eukaryot. Microbiol.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 1994
VL 41
IS 5
BP S7
EP S7
PG 1
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA PP283
UT WOS:A1994PP28300016
PM 7804268
ER
PT J
AU TOYODA, M
SAITO, Y
UCHIYAMA, M
GENDEL, S
FRY, FS
TRUCKSESS, MW
PAGE, SW
AF TOYODA, M
SAITO, Y
UCHIYAMA, M
GENDEL, S
FRY, FS
TRUCKSESS, MW
PAGE, SW
TI CHEMOMETRIC CLASSIFICATION OF L-TRYPTOPHAN LOTS FROM
GENETICALLY-MODIFIED BACILLUS-AMYLOLIQUEFACIENS STRAINS
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE CHEMOMETRICS; L-TRYPTOPHAN; EMS; MICROBES; BACILLUS
ID EOSINOPHILIA-MYALGIA-SYNDROME; CHROMATOGRAPHY; CONTAMINANTS
AB Four types of L-tryptophan lots produced by genetically modified B. myloliquefaciens strains II-V, which consisted of case-associated (11) with manifestations of EMS, control (16), and other lots (11), were compared by multivariate computer recognition programs (chemometrics) including HCA, PCA, KNN and SIMCA, as well as PLS. In HCA data analysis lots from strains III and V formed discrete clusters, and in PCA and SIMCA, both lots formed separated groups. Lots from strains II and TV were included in a group of lots from strain III. This indicated strains II and IV too were closely related to strain III. When strain vs case-associated control or other lots were compared by four methods, SIMCA provided adequate strain separation and strains were well grouped in case-associated or control lots.
C1 US FDA,NATL CTR FOOD SAFETY & TECHNOL,SUMMIT ARGO,IL 60501.
US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204.
RP TOYODA, M (reprint author), NATL INST HLTH SCI,SETAGAYA KU,1-18-1 KAMIYOGA,TOKYO 158,JAPAN.
NR 22
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS
PI CHICAGO
PA SUITE 300 221 N LASALLE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60601-1291
SN 0022-1147
J9 J FOOD SCI
JI J. Food Sci.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 1994
VL 59
IS 5
BP 1131
EP 1134
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1994.tb08208.x
PG 4
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA PP035
UT WOS:A1994PP03500050
ER
PT J
AU ANTHONY, BF
CONCEPCION, IE
CONCEPCION, NF
VADHEIM, CM
TIWARI, J
AF ANTHONY, BF
CONCEPCION, IE
CONCEPCION, NF
VADHEIM, CM
TIWARI, J
TI RELATION BETWEEN MATERNAL AGE AND SERUM CONCENTRATION OF IGG ANTIBODY TO
TYPE-III GROUP-B STREPTOCOCCI
SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Note
ID POLYSACCHARIDE; COLONIZATION; DISEASE
AB Coded serum samples collected from healthy obstetric patients at delivery were examined by ELISA for IgG antibody to the purified type III polysaccharide of group B streptococci. When 217 patients were divided into 4 groups according to age (group I = 16-20 years, n = 56; group II = 21-25, n = 53; group III = 26-30, n = 54; group IV = 31-35, n = 54), antibody concentrations were significantly lower in group I than in older patients. Fewer subjects in group I had measurable antibody levels (greater than or equal to 0.05 mu g/mL) than in groups II-IV (41% vs. 76%, P < .001). The geometric mean in group I (0.09 mu g/mL) was significantly lower (P < .001) than in the older groups (0.23, 0.19, and 0.20 mu g/mL, respectively) with little or no overlap of the 95% confidence limits (1.96 SE) about the means. These findings may be relevant to the observation of a significantly greater risk of both early- and late-onset group B streptococcal disease in infants of teenage mothers.
C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES CTY HARBOR MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT PEDIAT,TORRANCE,CA 90509.
RP ANTHONY, BF (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-00425]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI-26257]
NR 14
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637
SN 0022-1899
J9 J INFECT DIS
JI J. Infect. Dis.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 170
IS 3
BP 717
EP 720
PG 4
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA PE265
UT WOS:A1994PE26500037
PM 8077736
ER
PT J
AU HEREDIA, A
JOSHI, B
WEISS, SH
LEE, SF
MULLER, J
POFFENBERGER, KL
QUIRINALE, J
EPSTEIN, JS
HEWLETT, IK
AF HEREDIA, A
JOSHI, B
WEISS, SH
LEE, SF
MULLER, J
POFFENBERGER, KL
QUIRINALE, J
EPSTEIN, JS
HEWLETT, IK
TI ABSENCE OF EVIDENCE OF RETROVIRUS INFECTION IN INTRAVENOUS-DRUG-USERS
WITH IDIOPATHIC CD4+ LYMPHOCYTOPENIA
SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Letter
ID T-LYMPHOCYTOPENIA
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV TRANSFUS & TRANSMITTED DIS,MOLEC VIROL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20852.
US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIRAL PROD,OFF VACCINES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
UNIV MED & DENT NEW JERSEY,NEW JERSEY MED SCH,DEPT PREVENT MED & COMMUNITY HLTH,NEWARK,NJ 07103.
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637
SN 0022-1899
J9 J INFECT DIS
JI J. Infect. Dis.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 170
IS 3
BP 748
EP 749
PG 2
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA PE265
UT WOS:A1994PE26500048
PM 7915752
ER
PT J
AU SLINEY, DH
DENNIS, JE
AF SLINEY, DH
DENNIS, JE
TI SAFETY CONCERNS ABOUT LASER POINTERS
SO JOURNAL OF LASER APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE LASER SAFETY STANDARDS; DIODE-LASER POINTERS
AB In the past two years considerable concerns have been expressed about the safety of Class 3A laser pointers. The concern has been that Class 3A diode-laser pointers have replaced the safer helium-neon (He-Ne) Class 2 laser pointers. Hundreds of thousands of small He-Ne visible-wavelength lasers have been traditionally used for alignment and pointing, laser demonstrations and laser displays in science, education and industry, but can the diode laser be as safe and effective? Not infrequently, some people associate ''lasers'' with Buck Rogers and ''Star Wars'', and are concerned whether their use in public is safe. This safety issue is raised and the risks of viewing small lasers are compared with viewing the sun or bright spotlights. It is shown that He-Ne lasers through Class 3a (up to 5 mW power) are not a significant eye hazard; however, Class 3A diode lasers may not elicit a strong ''aversion response'' in some individuals, and greater precautions may be necessary than with He-Ne lasers of the same power.
C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF COMPLIANCE & SURVEILLANCE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
RP SLINEY, DH (reprint author), USA,ENVIRONM HYG AGCY,DIV LASER MICROWAVE,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010, USA.
NR 5
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 4
PU LASER INST AMER
PI ORLANDO
PA 12424 RESEARCH PARKWAY SUITE 125, ORLANDO, FL 32826
SN 1042-346X
J9 J LASER APPL
JI J. Laser Appl.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 6
IS 3
BP 159
EP 164
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics
GA PJ654
UT WOS:A1994PJ65400007
ER
PT J
AU MILSTIEN, S
SAKAI, N
BREW, BJ
KRIEGER, C
VICKERS, JH
SAITO, K
HEYES, MP
AF MILSTIEN, S
SAKAI, N
BREW, BJ
KRIEGER, C
VICKERS, JH
SAITO, K
HEYES, MP
TI CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID NITRITE/NITRATE LEVELS IN NEUROLOGIC DISEASES
SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Note
DE NITRIC OXIDE; QUINOLINIC ACID; NEOPTERIN; INFLAMMATORY NEUROLOGIC
DISEASE; NITRITE/NITRATE
ID NITRIC-OXIDE PRODUCTION; NITROGEN-OXIDES; QUINOLINIC ACID;
INTERFERON-GAMMA; L-ARGININE; TETRAHYDROBIOPTERIN; METABOLISM;
INDUCTION; SYNTHASE; BRAIN
AB Nitric oxide has been proposed to mediate cytotoxic effects in inflammatory diseases. To investigate the possibility that overproduction of nitric oxide might play a role in the neuropathology of inflammatory and noninflammatory neurological diseases, we compared levels of the markers of nitric oxide, nitrite plus nitrate, in the CSF of controls with those in patients with various neurologic diseases, including Huntington's and Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and HIV infection. We found that there were no significant increases in the CSF levels of these nitric oxide metabolites, even in patients infected with HIV or in monkeys infected with poliovirus, both of which have significantly elevated levels of the neurotoxin quinolinic acid and the marker of macrophage activation, neopterin. However, CSF quinolinic acid, neopterin, and nitrite/nitrate levels were significantly increased in a small group of patients with bacterial and viral meningitis.
C1 NIMH,CLIN SCI LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
US FDA,DIV SAFETY,BETHESDA,MD.
ST VINCENTS MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,SYDNEY,NSW,AUSTRALIA.
UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA,DEPT NEUROL,VANCOUVER,BC,CANADA.
RP MILSTIEN, S (reprint author), NIMH,NEUROCHEM LAB,BLDG 36,ROOM 3D-30,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA.
RI Brew, Bruce/J-6513-2012
NR 19
TC 100
Z9 101
U1 1
U2 6
PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106
SN 0022-3042
J9 J NEUROCHEM
JI J. Neurochem.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 63
IS 3
BP 1178
EP 1180
PG 3
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA PC937
UT WOS:A1994PC93700047
PM 8051562
ER
PT J
AU IYER, RP
BOAL, JH
PHILLIPS, LR
THAKKER, DR
EGAN, W
AF IYER, RP
BOAL, JH
PHILLIPS, LR
THAKKER, DR
EGAN, W
TI SYNTHESIS, HYDROLYTIC BEHAVIOR, AND ANTI-HIV ACTIVITY OF SELECTED
ACYLOXYALKYL ESTERS OF TRISODIUM PHOSPHONOFORMATE (FOSCARNET SODIUM)
SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID PHOSPHATE-PROTECTIVE GROUPS; DNA-POLYMERASES; INHIBITION; VIRUS; ALPHA;
AIDS; ACID
AB The synthesis and anti-HIV activity of selected (acyloxy)alkyl esters of trisodium phosphonoformate (foscarnet sodium) are described. The conversion of bis(trimethylsilyl) (alkoxycarbonyl)phosphonates 11a-d to the corresponding disilver salts 12a-d and their subsequent reaction with iodoalkyl acrylates 4a-c gave the desired bis(acyloxyalkyl) phosphonates 6-9(a-c). Of the analogs tested, only the dichlorophenyl analog 9a showed a dose-dependent inhibition of HIV activity in H9 cells. Using P-31-NMR, bioreversibility has been investigated in an attempt to rationalize these results.
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NR 27
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER PHARMACEUTICAL ASSN
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2215 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037
SN 0022-3549
J9 J PHARM SCI
JI J. Pharm. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 83
IS 9
BP 1269
EP 1273
DI 10.1002/jps.2600830916
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology &
Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry
GA PF413
UT WOS:A1994PF41300015
PM 7530302
ER
PT J
AU LUNN, G
RHODES, SW
SANSONE, EB
SCHMUFF, NR
AF LUNN, G
RHODES, SW
SANSONE, EB
SCHMUFF, NR
TI PHOTOLYTIC DESTRUCTION AND POLYMERIC RESIN DECONTAMINATION OF
AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS OF PHARMACEUTICALS
SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID DRUGS
AB Amoxicillin, ampicillin, bleomycin, carmustine, cephalothin, dacarbazine, lomustine, metronidazole, norethindrone, streptozocin, sulfamethoxazole, and verapamil were completely degraded in solution, without the production of mutagenic residues, by photolysis using a medium-pressure mercury lamp in an all-quartz apparatus. A stream of air was passed through the solution and for amoxicillin, ampicillin, bleomycin, lomustine, metronidazole, and norethindrone it was necessary to add hydrogen peroxide. Dilute aqueous solutions of ampicillin, bleomycin, carmustine, cephalothin, lomustine, norethindrone, streptozocin, trimethoprim, and verapamil can be decontaminated using polymeric Amberlite resins.
C1 US FDA,NLRC,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
RP LUNN, G (reprint author), NCI,FREDERICK CANC RES & DEV CTR,DYNCORP,PROGRAM RESOURCES INC,POB B,FREDERICK,MD 21702, USA.
FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-CO-74102]
NR 50
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER PHARMACEUTICAL ASSN
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2215 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037
SN 0022-3549
J9 J PHARM SCI
JI J. Pharm. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 83
IS 9
BP 1289
EP 1293
DI 10.1002/jps.2600830920
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology &
Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry
GA PF413
UT WOS:A1994PF41300019
PM 7830245
ER
PT J
AU COLLIER, SW
SARDON, S
RUIZCABELLO, J
JOHNSON, WA
COHEN, JS
SCHWARTZ, SL
AF COLLIER, SW
SARDON, S
RUIZCABELLO, J
JOHNSON, WA
COHEN, JS
SCHWARTZ, SL
TI MEASUREMENT OF PHARMACODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF DEXAMETHASONE ON EPIDERMIS BY
PHOSPHORUS NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY IN-VITRO
SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID TOPICAL CORTICOSTEROIDS; CLINICAL-PHARMACOLOGY; THERAPEUTIC USE; SKIN;
INVIVO; METABOLISM; P-31-NMR; ENERGY; CELLS; RAT
AB An intact, viable epidermal preparation was perfused and phosphoenergetic and phospholipid metabolite levels were measured by P-31 NMR. The preparation was stable in the NMR perfusion apparatus for 24 h. The effects of inclusion of ethanolamine and dexamethasone-21-acetate in the perfusion media on phosphorus-containing metabolites was assessed by examination of serial P-31 NMR spectra. Phosphomonoesters increased significantly during the fourth hour of perfusion with ethanolamine (3 mM) and remained elevated. A corresponding decrease in nucleotide triphosphates was noted, but phosphocreatine (PCr) remained unchanged. Dexamethasone perfusion resulted in a biphasic effect on phosphomonoester metabolism and a dose-dependent decrease in PCr and nucleotide triphosphate levels. A log-linear relationship was observed between dexamethasone dose in the 1-100-nM range and a decrease in PCr. These techniques with an isolated intact epidermal preparation are useful for elucidating mechanisms of corticosteroid action on the skin and serve as a basis for developing a mechanistically relevant topical corticosteroid bioequivalence technique.
C1 GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20007.
UNIV COMPLUTENSE MADRID,INST PLURIDISCIPLINAR,UNIDAD RMN,E-28040 MADRID,SPAIN.
US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,LAUREL,MD 20708.
RI Ruiz-Cabello, Jesus/A-9570-2012
OI Ruiz-Cabello, Jesus/0000-0001-8681-5056
NR 22
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHARMACEUTICAL ASSN
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2215 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037
SN 0022-3549
J9 J PHARM SCI
JI J. Pharm. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 83
IS 9
BP 1339
EP 1344
DI 10.1002/jps.2600830927
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology &
Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry
GA PF413
UT WOS:A1994PF41300026
PM 7830252
ER
PT J
AU KATZ, LM
HARTER, JG
AF KATZ, LM
HARTER, JG
TI DCT-ART - THE CONCEPT - COMMENT
SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP KATZ, LM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO
PI TORONTO
PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO ON M4W 3C7, CANADA
SN 0315-162X
J9 J RHEUMATOL
JI J. Rheumatol.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 21
SU 41
BP 5
EP 5
PG 1
WC Rheumatology
SC Rheumatology
GA PF724
UT WOS:A1994PF72400004
ER
PT J
AU WOODCOCK, J
AF WOODCOCK, J
TI ARE THERE SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS RELEVANT TO TRIALS OF BIOLOGIC AGENTS -
COMMENT
SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP WOODCOCK, J (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO
PI TORONTO
PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO ON M4W 3C7, CANADA
SN 0315-162X
J9 J RHEUMATOL
JI J. Rheumatol.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 21
SU 41
BP 49
EP 49
PG 1
WC Rheumatology
SC Rheumatology
GA PF724
UT WOS:A1994PF72400019
ER
PT J
AU KATZ, LM
HARTER, JG
AF KATZ, LM
HARTER, JG
TI DC-ART - WHAT PROPORTION OF RESPONSE CONSTITUTES A POSITIVE RESPONSE -
COMMENT
SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP KATZ, LM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO
PI TORONTO
PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO ON M4W 3C7, CANADA
SN 0315-162X
J9 J RHEUMATOL
JI J. Rheumatol.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 21
SU 41
BP 56
EP 56
PG 1
WC Rheumatology
SC Rheumatology
GA PF724
UT WOS:A1994PF72400024
ER
PT J
AU VANDERLINDEN, S
GOLDSMITH, CH
WOODCOCK, J
NASSONOVA, V
AF VANDERLINDEN, S
GOLDSMITH, CH
WOODCOCK, J
NASSONOVA, V
TI CAN OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES REPLACE OR COMPLEMENT EXPERIMENT
SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Vth Joint World-Health-Organization and
International-League-of-Associations-for-Rheumatology Task Force Meeting
on Rheumatology on Rheumatic Diseases
CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 1993
CL WHO HEADQUARTERS, GENEVA, SWITZERLAND
SP WHO, INT LEAGUE ASSOC RHEUMAT
HO WHO HEADQUARTERS
DE RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIALS; EFFICACY; OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES; ASSESSMENT;
OUTCOME; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
ID RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIALS; REQUIRING PROLONGED OBSERVATION;
RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; PATIENT; DESIGN
AB The therapeutic effects of interventions in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are frequently modest. In the assessment of treatment effects, variability due to a variety of sources causes problems that are best controlled by randomized clinical trials. Currently most trials give only a short term picture of RA, a chronic disease whose outcome is multidimensional. Inclusion criteria of clinical trials are frequently very strict, raising concern about the external validity of the results. More longterm data is needed to guide clinical practice. Observational studies may contribute to the body of evidence, but have inherent shortcomings. They are liable to bias and supply weaker evidence. There must be creative development of trial designs suitable for evaluating longterm outcomes. Such trials may include many of the positive features of observational studies, but should not omit the principles of randomization and controlled comparison.
C1 MCMASTER UNIV,DEPT CLIN EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,HAMILTON,ON,CANADA.
US FDA,OFF THERAPEUT RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
US FDA,REVIEW CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
MOSCOW RHEUMATOL INST,MOSCOW,RUSSIA.
RP VANDERLINDEN, S (reprint author), UNIV LIMBURG,HOSP MAASTRICHT,DEPT MED,DIV RHEUMATOL,POB 5800,6202 AZ MAASTRICHT,NETHERLANDS.
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO
PI TORONTO
PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO ON M4W 3C7, CANADA
SN 0315-162X
J9 J RHEUMATOL
JI J. Rheumatol.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 21
SU 41
BP 57
EP 61
PG 5
WC Rheumatology
SC Rheumatology
GA PF724
UT WOS:A1994PF72400025
ER
PT J
AU KATZ, LM
HARTER, JG
AF KATZ, LM
HARTER, JG
TI GUIDELINES FOR TESTING SLOW-ACTING DRUGS IN OSTEOARTHRITIS - COMMENT
SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
RP KATZ, LM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO
PI TORONTO
PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO ON M4W 3C7, CANADA
SN 0315-162X
J9 J RHEUMATOL
JI J. Rheumatol.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 21
SU 41
BP 72
EP 72
PG 1
WC Rheumatology
SC Rheumatology
GA PF724
UT WOS:A1994PF72400029
ER
PT J
AU CAREY, RF
AF CAREY, RF
TI A DIFFERENTIAL AIR DEFLATION QUALITY ASSURANCE TEST FOR SURGICAL GLOVES
SO JOURNAL OF TESTING AND EVALUATION
LA English
DT Article
DE GLOVES; LEAKAGE TEST; QUALITY ASSURANCE (QA); AIR DEFLATION TEST
ID VIRUS
AB A new quality assurance (QA) test for surgeon's gloves is described which uses a sensitive differential pressure gage to detect glove holes as small as 0.020 mm. The test can be performed quickly and without damage to the glove. Standard holes in nickel masks, ranging in diameter from 0.015 mm to 0.10 mm, were used to calibrate test sensitivity. Air pressure losses in test gloves were compared directly to air pressure in an intact glove. Holes in glove fingers and in glove palms were made with an excimer laser and also with an acupuncture needle. These gloves were then tested with this differential dr deflation test and with the standard 1000 mL water fill test. The new test offers similar test sensitivity to the 1000 mL test and, in addition, offers the possibility of quantitative leak testing.
RP CAREY, RF (reprint author), US FDA,HYDRODYNAM & ACOUST BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS
PI W CONSHOHOCKEN
PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959
SN 0090-3973
J9 J TEST EVAL
JI J. Test. Eval.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 22
IS 5
BP 440
EP 446
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science
GA PJ305
UT WOS:A1994PJ30500006
ER
PT J
AU TIMBO, BB
TOLLEFSON, L
AF TIMBO, BB
TOLLEFSON, L
TI NUTRITION - A COFACTOR IN HIV DISEASE
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; VIRUS
HIV; INFECTION; AIDS; MEN; MALNUTRITION
AB The relationships among nutritional status, infectious disease, and the immune system suggest that nutrition may be a cofactor in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) progression. We examined nutrition as a cofactor in HIV disease by reviewing the current literature on the interactions of nutrition, infectious disease processes, and immune system dysfunction. Studies demonstrate that poor nutritional status and infection affect the immune system and interact with each other. This relationship leads to the development of opportunistic infections and malignancies, which may result in a diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Moreover, evidence from our review indicates that nutritional status may play a role in HIV disease progression. We recommend that clinical trials be conducted to evaluate general malnutrition and the efficacy of supplementation with specific nutrients at various stages of HIV disease.
C1 US FDA,CTR VET MED,DIV VOLUNTARY COMPLIANCE & HEARINGS DEV,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
RP TIMBO, BB (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV MARKET STUDIES,EPIDEMIOL BRANCH,HFS-728,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA.
NR 48
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER DIETETIC ASSN
PI CHICAGO
PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995
SN 0002-8223
J9 J AM DIET ASSOC
JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 94
IS 9
BP 1018
EP 1022
DI 10.1016/0002-8223(94)92196-2
PG 5
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA PF940
UT WOS:A1994PF94000012
PM 8071483
ER
PT J
AU ABASSI, ZA
KOTOB, SI
GOLOMB, E
KEISER, HR
AF ABASSI, ZA
KOTOB, SI
GOLOMB, E
KEISER, HR
TI PULMONARY AND RENAL NEUTRAL ENDOPEPTIDASE 24.11 IN RATS WITH
CONGESTIVE-HEART-FAILURE
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 NHLBI,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI BALTIMORE
PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436
SN 1046-6673
J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL
JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 5
IS 3
BP 599
EP 599
PG 1
WC Urology & Nephrology
SC Urology & Nephrology
GA PG771
UT WOS:A1994PG77101411
ER
PT J
AU REEPMEYER, JC
RHODES, MO
COX, DC
SILVERTON, JV
AF REEPMEYER, JC
RHODES, MO
COX, DC
SILVERTON, JV
TI CHARACTERIZATION AND CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE OF 2 POLYMORPHIC FORMS OF RACEMIC
THALIDOMIDE
SO JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-PERKIN TRANSACTIONS 2
LA English
DT Article
ID VERSUS-HOST DISEASE; GRAFT-SURVIVAL; MODEL
AB There are two polymorphic forms of racemic thalidomide. The alpha-polymorph was formed by crystallization from 2-ethoxyethanol, methanol or dichloromethane, while the beta-polymorph was formed by crystallization from a supersaturated solution in refluxing 2-ethoxyethanol. The two polymorphs were characterized by IR spectra, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). melting points, powder X-ray diffraction patterns, and X-ray crystallography. They were easily differentiated by IR (KBr) in which the alpha polymorph absorbed at 3196, 3098 and 859 cm(-1) and the beta at 3276 and 755 cm(-1). DSC scans of the alpha and beta forms showed endothermic peaks at 272.3 and 275.7 degrees C, respectively. During this measurement the alpha form was partially or fully converted into the beta form if the rate of temperature change was slow or if the alpha form contained some beta which provided seed crystals for the interconversion. Upon remelting both forms gave one peak corresponding to the beta polymorph. The powder X-ray diffraction patterns for the two forms differ significantly. The crystal structures of the two polymorphs differ primarily in their mode of hydrogen bonding. In the alpha polymorph the molecules form dimers, while in the beta the dimers form infinite linear strings linked by bifurcated hydrogen bonds along the b-axis.
C1 NHLBI,BIOPHYS CHEM LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
RP REEPMEYER, JC (reprint author), US FDA,DIV DRUG ANAL,1114 MARKET ST,ST LOUIS,MO 63101, USA.
NR 20
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 7
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND
CB4 4WF
SN 0300-9580
J9 J CHEM SOC PERK T 2
JI J. Chem. Soc.-Perkin Trans. 2
PD SEP
PY 1994
IS 9
BP 2063
EP 2067
DI 10.1039/p29940002063
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Organic; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA PF418
UT WOS:A1994PF41800026
ER
PT J
AU BOUHABIB, DC
RODERIQUEZ, G
ORAVECZ, T
BERMAN, PW
LUSSO, P
NORCROSS, MA
AF BOUHABIB, DC
RODERIQUEZ, G
ORAVECZ, T
BERMAN, PW
LUSSO, P
NORCROSS, MA
TI CRYPTIC NATURE OF ENVELOPE V3 REGION EPITOPES PROTECTS PRIMARY
MONOCYTOTROPIC HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1 FROM ANTIBODY
NEUTRALIZATION
SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; AMINO-ACID SUBSTITUTION; CELL TROPISM;
MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; SOLUBLE CD4; BIOLOGICAL PHENOTYPE; GLYCOPROTEIN
GP120; INFECTED HUMANS; HIV-1; DOMAIN
AB Characterization of biological and immunological properties of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is critical to developing effective therapies and vaccines for AIDS. With the use of a novel CD4(+) T-cell line (PM-1) permissive to infection by both monocytotropic (MT) and T-cell-tropic virus types, we present a comparative analysis of the immunological properties of a prototypic primary MT isolate of HIV-1 strain JR-CSF (MT-CSF) with those of a T-cell-tropic variant (T-CSF) of the same virus, which emerged spontaneously in vitro. The parental MT-CSF infected only PM-1 cells and was markedly resistant to neutralization by sera from HIV-1-infected individuals, rabbit antiserum to recombinant MT-CSF gp120, and anti-V3 monoclonal antibodies. The T-CSF variant infected a variety of CD4(+) T-cell lines, contained positively charged amino acid substitutions in the gp120 V3 region, and was highly sensitive to antibody neutralization. Neutralization and antibody staining of T-CSF-expressing cells were significantly inhibited by HIV-1 V3 peptides; in contrast, the MT strain showed only weak V3-specific binding of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. Exposure of PM-1 cells to a mixture of both viruses in the presence of human anti-HIV-1 neutralizing antiserum resulted in infection with only MT-CSF. These results demonstrate that although the V3 region of MT viruses is immunogenic, the target epitopes in the V3 principal neutralizing domain on the membrane form of the MT envelope appear to be cryptic or hidden from blocking antibodies.
C1 NCI,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NCI,TUMOR CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
GENENTECH INC,DEPT IMMUNOL,S SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94080.
NR 45
TC 219
Z9 221
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0022-538X
J9 J VIROL
JI J. Virol.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 68
IS 9
BP 6006
EP 6013
PG 8
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA PB785
UT WOS:A1994PB78500073
PM 8057475
ER
PT J
AU DOTZAUER, A
FEINSTONE, SM
KAPLAN, G
AF DOTZAUER, A
FEINSTONE, SM
KAPLAN, G
TI SUSCEPTIBILITY OF NONPRIMATE CELL-LINES TO HEPATITIS-A VIRUS-INFECTION
SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Note
ID 5' NONTRANSLATED REGION; A VIRUS; CULTURE; ADAPTATION; MUTATIONS;
GROWTH; RNA; PROPAGATION; EVOLUTION; PASSAGE
AB Hepatitis A virus (HAV) has been adapted to grow in primate cell cultures. We investigated replication of HAV in nonprimate cells by inoculating 20 cell lines from different species with the tissue culture-adapted HM175 strain. Slot blot hybridization and immunofluorescence analysis revealed that HAV replicated in GPE, SP 1K, and LB-RS-2 D10 cells of guinea pig, dolphin, and pig origin, respectively. Studies in IB-RS-2 D10 cells were discontinued because cultures were contaminated with classical swine fever virus. A growth curve showed that HAV grew poorly in GPE cells and intermediately in SP 1K cells compared with growth in FRhK-4 cells. Therefore, the cell surface receptor(s) and other host factor(s) required for HAV replication are present in nonprimate as well as primate cells.
C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,OFF VACCINES RES & REVIEW,DIV VIRAL PROD,HEPATITIS RES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892.
NR 24
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171
SN 0022-538X
J9 J VIROL
JI J. Virol.
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 68
IS 9
BP 6064
EP 6068
PG 5
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA PB785
UT WOS:A1994PB78500082
PM 8057483
ER
EF