FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Medvigy, D Walko, RL Otte, MJ Avissar, R AF Medvigy, David Walko, Robert L. Otte, Martin J. Avissar, Roni TI Simulated Changes in Northwest US Climate in Response to Amazon Deforestation SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article DE North America; Atmosphere-land interaction; Teleconnections; Mesoscale models; Deforestation ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; LARGE-SCALE CIRCULATION; TROPICAL DEFORESTATION; EL-NINO; SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; SIERRA-NEVADA; LAND-COVER; PART II AB Numerical models have long predicted that the deforestation of the Amazon would lead to large regional changes in precipitation and temperature, but the extratropical effects of deforestation have been a matter of controversy. This paper investigates the simulated impacts of deforestation on the northwest United States December-February climate. Integrations are carried out using the Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Model (OLAM), here run as a variable-resolution atmospheric GCM, configured with three alternative horizontal grid meshes: 1) 25-km characteristic length scale (CLS) over the United States, 50-km CLS over the Andes and Amazon, and 200-km CLS in the far-field; 2) 50-km CLS over the United States, 50-km CLS over the Andes and Amazon, and 200-km CLS in the far-field; and 3) 200-km CLS globally. In the high-resolution simulations, deforestation causes a redistribution of precipitation within the Amazon, accompanied by vorticity and thermal anomalies. These anomalies set up Rossby waves that propagate into the extratropics and impact western North America. Ultimately, Amazon deforestation results in 10%-20% precipitation reductions for the coastal northwest United States and the Sierra Nevada. Snowpack in the Sierra Nevada experiences declines of up to 50%. However, in the coarse-resolution simulations, this mechanism is not resolved and precipitation is not reduced in the northwest United States. These results highlight the need for adequate model resolution in modeling the impacts of Amazon deforestation. It is concluded that the deforestation of the Amazon can act as a driver of regional climate change in the extratropics, including areas of the western United States that are agriculturally important. C1 [Medvigy, David] Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Medvigy, David] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Walko, Robert L.; Avissar, Roni] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Otte, Martin J.] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Medvigy, D (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, 418B Guyot Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM dmedvigy@princeton.edu FU National Science Foundation [1151102, 0902197] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support from National Science Foundation Awards 1151102 (to D. M.) and 0902197 (to R. A. and R. L. W.). NCEP reanalysis 2 data were provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado, United States (from their website at http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/). The simulations presented in this article were performed on computational resources supported by the PICSciE-OIT High Performance Computing Center and Visualization Laboratory at Princeton University. We are also grateful to the editor and to four anonymous reviewers whose criticisms have greatly improved the quality of this manuscript. Disclaimer: Although this work was reviewed by EPA and approved for publication, it may not necessarily reflect official agency policy. Mention of commercial products does not constitute endorsement by the agency. NR 80 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 8 U2 62 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 EI 1520-0442 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 26 IS 22 BP 9115 EP 9136 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00775.1 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 242DB UT WOS:000326216500024 ER PT J AU Maslova, K Stepina, I Konoplev, A Popov, V Gusarov, A Pankratov, F Lee, SD Il'icheva, N AF Maslova, K. Stepina, I. Konoplev, A. Popov, V. Gusarov, A. Pankratov, F. Lee, S. D. Il'icheva, N. TI Fate and transport of radiocesium, radiostrontium and radiocobalt on urban building materials SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on In Situ Nuclear Metrology as a Tool for Radioecology (INSINUME) CY JUN 11-15, 2012 CL Brussels, BELGIUM DE Radiocesium; Radiostrontium; Radiocobalt; Building materials; Distribution coefficient; Penetration ID CRUSHED GRANITE; DIFFUSION; SORPTION; CESIUM; SORPTION/DESORPTION; SURFACES AB Kinetics of Cs-137, Co-60 and Sr-85 sorption on powdered building materials in aqueous suspensions at 20 degrees C for interaction times of 1, 7, 14 and 28 days were studied. The Cs-137 distribution coefficient (K-d) values for all building materials except limestone practically did not change during 28 days of sorption. The K-d ((85)sr) was several orders of magnitude lower than for Co-60. The highest values were observed for asphalt and granite. An effective method to study the radionuclide distribution in depth of building materials using layer-by-layer sanding was developed. Using the developed method, the Cs-137, Co-80 and Sr-85 distribution with depth of selected building materials at different air humidity, time and temperature was studied. Relative humidity (RH) was found to influence significantly the Sr-85 depth distribution in the case of granite (unlike Cs-137 and Co-60). While Sr-85 penetrated to 0.5 mm in depth of granite at RH 30%, at RH 87% the depth of Sr-85 penetration to granite reached up to 7 mm. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Maslova, K.; Stepina, I.; Konoplev, A.; Popov, V.; Gusarov, A.; Pankratov, F.; Il'icheva, N.] RPA Typhoon, Ctr Environm Chem, Obninsk 249038, Kaluga, Russia. [Lee, S. D.] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Konoplev, A (reprint author), RPA Typhoon, Ctr Environm Chem, Pobedy St 4, Obninsk 249038, Kaluga, Russia. EM konoplev2002@mail.ru RI Konoplev, Alexei/E-7281-2016 OI Konoplev, Alexei/0000-0002-9930-8739 NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0265-931X EI 1879-1700 J9 J ENVIRON RADIOACTIV JI J. Environ. Radioact. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 125 SI SI BP 74 EP 80 DI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2013.01.013 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 240ZZ UT WOS:000326137500013 PM 23399030 ER PT J AU Ozkaynak, H Baxter, LK Burke, J AF Oezkaynak, Haluk Baxter, Lisa K. Burke, Janet TI Evaluation and application of alternative air pollution exposure metrics in air pollution epidemiology studies SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Oezkaynak, Haluk; Baxter, Lisa K.; Burke, Janet] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Ozkaynak, H (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, E205-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM ozkaynak.haluk@epa.gov NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 EI 1559-064X J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2013 VL 23 IS 6 BP 565 EP 565 DI 10.1038/jes.2013.50 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 240ID UT WOS:000326087900001 PM 24145199 ER PT J AU Ozkaynak, H Baxter, LK Dionisio, KL Burke, J AF Oezaynak, Haluk Baxter, Lisa K. Dionisio, Kathie L. Burke, Janet TI Air pollution exposure prediction approaches used in air pollution epidemiology studies SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE exposure metrics; air quality models; exposure models; epidemiology; PM2.5; ambient gases ID PARTICULATE MATTER; TIME-SERIES; PERSONAL EXPOSURE; POPULATION EXPOSURES; PARTICLE COMPOSITION; MEASUREMENT ERROR; NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; MONITORING DATA; URBAN AREA; AMBIENT AB Epidemiological studies of the health effects of outdoor air pollution have traditionally relied upon surrogates of personal exposures, most commonly ambient concentration measurements from central-site monitors. However, this approach may introduce exposure prediction errors and misclassification of exposures for pollutants that are spatially heterogeneous, such as those associated with traffic emissions (e. g., carbon monoxide, elemental carbon, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter). We review alternative air quality and human exposure metrics applied in recent air pollution health effect studies discussed during the International Society of Exposure Science 2011 conference in Baltimore, MD. Symposium presenters considered various alternative exposure metrics, including: central site or interpolated monitoring data, regional pollution levels predicted using the national scale Community Multiscale Air Quality model or from measurements combined with local-scale (AERMOD) air quality models, hybrid models that include satellite data, statistically blended modeling and measurement data, concentrations adjusted by home infiltration rates, and population-based human exposure model (Stochastic Human Exposure and Dose Simulation, and Air Pollutants Exposure models) predictions. These alternative exposure metrics were applied in epidemiological applications to health outcomes, including daily mortality and respiratory hospital admissions, daily hospital emergency department visits, daily myocardial infarctions, and daily adverse birth outcomes. This paper summarizes the research projects presented during the symposium, with full details of the work presented in individual papers in this journal issue. C1 [Oezaynak, Haluk; Baxter, Lisa K.; Dionisio, Kathie L.; Burke, Janet] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Ozkaynak, H (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM ozkaynak.haluk@epamail.epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [CR-83407201-1, CR-83407-301-1, CR-83407-401-0]; Rutgers University; Emory University; University of Washington FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and collaborated in the research described here under Cooperative Agreements: CR-83407201-1, CR-83407-301-1, and CR-83407-401-0 with Rutgers University, Emory University, and University of Washington, respectively. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. It may not necessarily reflect official Agency policy. NR 82 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 3 U2 87 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 EI 1559-064X J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2013 VL 23 IS 6 BP 566 EP 572 DI 10.1038/jes.2013.15 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 240ID UT WOS:000326087900002 PM 23632992 ER PT J AU Hodas, N Turpin, BJ Lunden, MM Baxter, LK Ozkaynak, H Burke, J Ohman-Strickland, P Thevenet-Morrison, K Kostis, JB Rich, DQ AF Hodas, Natasha Turpin, Barbara J. Lunden, Melissa M. Baxter, Lisa K. Oezkaynak, Haluk Burke, Janet Ohman-Strickland, Pamela Thevenet-Morrison, Kelly Kostis, John B. Rich, David Q. CA MIDAS 21 Study Grp TI Refined ambient PM2.5 exposure surrogates and the risk of myocardial infarction SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE air pollution; myocardial infarction; Aerosol Penetration and Persistence Model; Stochastic Human Exposure and Dose Simulation Model ID SHORT-TERM MORTALITY; AIR EXCHANGE-RATES; PARTICULATE MATTER; PARTICLE COMPOSITION; SPATIAL-ANALYSIS; INDOOR EXPOSURE; NEW-JERSEY; POLLUTION; MODEL; INFILTRATION AB Using a case-crossover study design and conditional logistic regression, we compared the relative odds of transmural (full-wall) myocardial infarction (MI) calculated using exposure surrogates that account for human activity patterns and the indoor transport of ambient PM2.5 with those calculated using central-site PM2.5 concentrations to estimate exposure to PM2.5 of outdoor origin (exposure to ambient PM2.5). Because variability in human activity and indoor PM2.5 transport contributes exposure error in epidemiologic analyses when central-site concentrations are used as exposure surrogates, we refer to surrogates that account for this variability as "refined" surrogates. As an alternative analysis, we evaluated whether the relative odds of transmural MI associated with increases in ambient PM2.5 is modified by residential air exchange rate (AER), a variable that influences the fraction of ambient PM2.5 that penetrates and persists indoors. Use of refined exposure surrogates did not result in larger health effect estimates (ORs = 1.10-1.11 with each interquartile range (IQR) increase), narrower confidence intervals, or better model fits compared with the analysis that used central-site PM2.5. We did observe evidence for heterogeneity in the relative odds of transmural MI with residential AER (effect-modification), with residents of homes with higher AERs having larger ORs than homes in lower AER tertiles. For the level of exposure-estimate refinement considered here, our findings add support to the use of central-site PM2.5 concentrations for epidemiological studies that use similar case-crossover study designs. In such designs, each subject serves as his or her own matched control. Thus, exposure error related to factors that vary spatially or across subjects should only minimally impact effect estimates. These findings also illustrate that variability in factors that influence the fraction of ambient PM2.5 in indoor air (e. g., AER) could possibly bias health effect estimates in study designs for which a spatiotemporal comparison of exposure effects across subjects is conducted. C1 [Hodas, Natasha; Turpin, Barbara J.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Lunden, Melissa M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Baxter, Lisa K.; Oezkaynak, Haluk; Burke, Janet] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ohman-Strickland, Pamela] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Thevenet-Morrison, Kelly; Rich, David Q.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Kostis, John B.; MIDAS 21 Study Grp] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Med, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. RP Rich, DQ (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, 265 Crittenden Blvd,CU 420644, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. EM david_rich@urmc.rochester.edu RI Turpin, Barbara /D-8346-2012 FU US Environmental Protection Agency [CR-83407201-0]; NIEHS [NIEHS P30ES005022]; New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station; Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need Fellowship; EPA STAR Fellowship FX This research was funded, in part, by the US Environmental Protection Agency (Cooperative Agreement CR-83407201-0), NIEHS-sponsored UMDNJ Center for Environmental Exposures and Disease (NIEHS P30ES005022), and the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station. Natasha Hodas was supported by a Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need Fellowship and an EPA STAR Fellowship. Although this work was reviewed by EPA and approved for publication, it may not necessarily reflect official agency policy. NR 45 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 31 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 EI 1559-064X J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2013 VL 23 IS 6 BP 573 EP 580 DI 10.1038/jes.2013.24 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 240ID UT WOS:000326087900003 PM 23715082 ER PT J AU Dionisio, KL Isakov, V Baxter, LK Sarnat, JA Sarnat, SE Burke, J Rosenbaum, A Graham, SE Cook, R Mulholland, J Ozkaynak, H AF Dionisio, Kathie L. Isakov, Vlad Baxter, Lisa K. Sarnat, Jeremy A. Sarnat, Stefanie Ebelt Burke, Janet Rosenbaum, Arlene Graham, Stephen E. Cook, Rich Mulholland, James Oezkaynak, Halul TI Development and evaluation of alternative approaches for exposure assessment of multiple air pollutants in Atlanta, Georgia SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE spatiotemporal; multipollutant; exposure models; air quality models; exposure assessment ID EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT VISITS; PARTICULATE MATTER; UNITED-STATES; TIME-SERIES; POPULATION EXPOSURES; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; MEASUREMENT ERROR; NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; POLLUTION AB Measurements from central site (CS) monitors are often used as estimates of exposure in air pollution epidemiological studies. As these measurements are typically limited in their spatiotemporal resolution, true exposure variability within a population is often obscured, leading to potential measurement errors. To fully examine this limitation, we developed a set of alternative daily exposure metrics for each of the 169 ZIP codes in the Atlanta, GA, metropolitan area, from 1999 to 2002, for PM2.5 and its components (elemental carbon (EC), SO4), O-3, carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Metrics were applied in a study investigating the respiratory health effects of these pollutants. The metrics included: (i) CS measurements (one CS per pollutant); (ii) air quality model results for regional background pollution; (iii) local-scale AERMOD air quality model results; (iv) hybrid air quality model estimates (a combination of (ii) and (iii)); and (iv) population exposure model predictions (SHEDS and APEX). Differences in estimated spatial and temporal variability were compared by exposure metric and pollutant. Comparisons showed that: (i) both hybrid and exposure model estimates exhibited high spatial variability for traffic-related pollutants (CO, NOx, and EC), but little spatial variability among ZIP code centroids for regional pollutants (PM2.5, SO4, and O-3); (ii) for all pollutants except NOx, temporal variability was consistent across metrics; (iii) daily hybrid-to-exposure model correlations were strong (r>0.82) for all pollutants, suggesting that when temporal variability of pollutant concentrations is of main interest in an epidemiological application, the use of estimates from either model may yield similar results; (iv) exposure models incorporating infiltration parameters, time-location-activity budgets, and other exposure factors affect the magnitude and spatiotemporal distribution of exposure, especially for local pollutants. The results of this analysis can inform the development of more appropriate exposure metrics for future epidemiological studies of the short-term effects of particulate and gaseous ambient pollutant exposure in a community. C1 [Dionisio, Kathie L.; Isakov, Vlad; Baxter, Lisa K.; Burke, Janet; Oezkaynak, Halul] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Sarnat, Jeremy A.; Sarnat, Stefanie Ebelt] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Rosenbaum, Arlene] ICF Int, Rohnert Pk, CA USA. [Graham, Stephen E.] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Cook, Rich] US EPA, Off Transportat & Air Qual, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Mulholland, James] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Dionisio, KL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail Code E205-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM dionisio.kathie@epa.gov FU US EPA through its Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory [CR-83407301-1]; US EPA Clean Air Research Center; Georgia Institute of Technology [RD83479901] FX We thank James Crooks of the US EPA's National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory for contributions to the modeling portion of this work, David Brzezinski of the US EPA's Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Sarav Arunachalam of the University of North Carolina Institute for the Environment, Jon Morton of the Georgia Department of Natural Resources, and Joe Touma formerly of the US EPA's National Exposure Research Laboratory for their efforts related to air quality modeling, a refined local emissions inventory, and traffic data support. We thank EPA internal reviewers for their comments on the manuscript. The US EPA through its Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, funded and collaborated in the research described here under cooperative agreement number CR-83407301-1 to Emory University, and a US EPA Clean Air Research Center grant to Emory University and the Georgia Institute of Technology (RD83479901). It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 63 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 55 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 EI 1559-064X J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2013 VL 23 IS 6 BP 581 EP 592 DI 10.1038/jes.2013.59 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 240ID UT WOS:000326087900004 PM 24064532 ER PT J AU Sarnat, SE Sarnat, JA Mulholland, J Isakov, V Ozkaynak, H Chang, HH Klein, M Tolbert, PE AF Sarnat, Stefanie Ebelt Sarnat, Jeremy A. Mulholland, James Isakov, Vlad Oezkaynak, Halul Chang, Howard H. Klein, Mitchel Tolbert, Paige E. TI Application of alternative spatiotemporal metrics of ambient air pollution exposure in a time-series epidemiological study in Atlanta SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE air pollution; morbidity; time-series; particulate matter; gases; exposure models ID EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT VISITS; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; MEASUREMENT ERROR; PARTICULATE MATTER; MORTALITY; HEALTH; ASTHMA; CANADA; QUALITY; PHILADELPHIA AB Exposure error in studies of ambient air pollution and health that use city-wide measures of exposure may be substantial for pollutants that exhibit spatiotemporal variability. Alternative spatiotemporal metrics of exposure for traffic-related and regional pollutants were applied in a time-series study of ambient air pollution and cardiorespiratory emergency department visits in Atlanta, GA, USA. Exposure metrics included daily central site monitoring for particles and gases; daily spatially refined ambient concentrations obtained from regional background monitors, local-scale dispersion, and hybrid air quality models; and spatially refined ambient exposures from population exposure models. Health risk estimates from Poisson models using the different exposure metrics were compared. We observed stronger associations, particularly for traffic-related pollutants, when using spatially refined ambient concentrations compared with a conventional central site exposure assignment approach. For some relationships, estimates of spatially refined ambient population exposures showed slightly stronger associations than corresponding spatially refined ambient concentrations. Using spatially refined pollutant metrics, we identified socioeconomic disparities in concentration-response functions that were not observed when using central site data. In some cases, spatially refined pollutant metrics identified associations with health that were not observed using measurements from the central site. Complexity and challenges in incorporating modeled pollutant estimates in time-series studies are discussed. C1 [Sarnat, Stefanie Ebelt; Sarnat, Jeremy A.; Chang, Howard H.; Klein, Mitchel; Tolbert, Paige E.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Health, Dept Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Mulholland, James] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Isakov, Vlad; Oezkaynak, Halul] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Sarnat, SE (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Health, Dept Environm Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd,NE Room 2035, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM sebelt@emory.edu RI Tolbert, Paige/A-5676-2015 FU US EPA Clean Air Research Center [RD83479901] FX We thank James Crooks, Jawad Touma, and Lisa Baxter from the US EPA/National Exposure Research Laboratory, Rich Cook from the US EPA/Office of Transportation and Air Quality, and Priya Kewada from Emory University for their efforts throughout the project. This publication was made possible by a cooperative agreement between Emory University and the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) (CR-83407301-1) and a US EPA Clean Air Research Center grant to Emory University and the Georgia Institute of Technology (RD83479901). The contents of this publication are solely the responsibility of the grantee and do not necessarily represent the official views of the US EPA. Further, US EPA does not endorse the purchase of any commercial products or services mentioned in the publication. NR 59 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 26 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 EI 1559-064X J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2013 VL 23 IS 6 BP 593 EP 605 DI 10.1038/jes.2013.41 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 240ID UT WOS:000326087900005 PM 23963512 ER PT J AU Sarnat, JA Sarnat, SE Flanders, WD Chang, HH Mulholland, J Baxter, L Isakov, V Ozkaynak, H AF Sarnat, Jeremy A. Sarnat, Stefanie Ebelt Flanders, W. Dana Chang, Howard H. Mulholland, James Baxter, Lisa Isakov, Vlad Oezkaynak, Haluk TI Spatiotemporally resolved air exchange rate as a modifier of acute air pollution-related morbidity in Atlanta SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; exposure modeling; particulate matter; criteria pollutants; population-based studies ID EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT VISITS; SHORT-TERM MORTALITY; PARTICULATE MATTER; NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; INDOOR EXPOSURE; OZONE EXPOSURE; US COMMUNITIES; AMBIENT; HEALTH; INFILTRATION AB Epidemiological studies frequently use central site concentrations as surrogates of exposure to air pollutants. Variability in air pollutant infiltration due to differential air exchange rates (AERs) is potentially a major factor affecting the relationship between central site concentrations and actual exposure, and may thus influence observed health risk estimates. In this analysis, we examined AER as an effect modifier of associations between several urban air pollutants and corresponding emergency department (ED) visits for asthma and wheeze during a 4-year study period (January 1999-December 2002) for a 186 ZIP code area in metro Atlanta. We found positive associations for the interaction between AER and pollution on asthma ED visits for both carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), indicating significant or near-significant effect modification by AER on the pollutant risk-ratio estimates. In contrast, the interaction term between particulate matter (PM)(2.5) and AER on asthma ED visits was negative and significant. However, alternative distributional tertile analyses showed PM2.5 and AER epidemiological model results to be similar to those found for NOx and CO (namely, increasing risk ratios (RRs) with increasing AERs when ambient PM2.5 concentrations were below the highest tertile of their distribution). Despite the fact that ozone (O-3) was a strong independent predictor of asthma ED visits in our main analysis, we found no O-3-AER effect modification. To our knowledge, our findings for CO, NOx, and PM2.5 are the first to provide an indication of short-term (i.e., daily) effect modification of multiple air pollution-related risk associations with daily changes in AER. Although limited to one outcome category in a single large urban locale, the findings suggest that the use of relatively simple and easy-to-derive AER surrogates may reflect intraurban differences in short-term exposures to pollutants of ambient origin. C1 [Sarnat, Jeremy A.; Sarnat, Stefanie Ebelt; Flanders, W. Dana; Chang, Howard H.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Mulholland, James] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Baxter, Lisa; Isakov, Vlad; Oezkaynak, Haluk] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, RTP, Durham, NC USA. RP Sarnat, JA (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE,Rm 2035, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM jsarnat@emory.edu FU USEPA Clean Air Research Center [RD83479901] FX This research was performed under a cooperative agreement between Emory University and the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA; CR-83407301-1). Although this work was reviewed by the USEPA and approved for publication, it may not necessarily reflect official Agency policy. The Emory/Georgia Tech team was also supported by funding from a USEPA Clean Air Research Center Grant (RD83479901). NR 44 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 29 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 EI 1559-064X J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2013 VL 23 IS 6 BP 606 EP 615 DI 10.1038/jes.2013.32 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 240ID UT WOS:000326087900006 PM 23778234 ER PT J AU Jones, RR Ozkaynak, H Nayak, SG Garcia, V Hwang, SA Lin, S AF Jones, Rena R. Oezkaynak, Haluk Nayak, Seema G. Garcia, Valerie Hwang, Syni-An Lin, Shao TI Associations between summertime ambient pollutants and respiratory morbidity in New York City: Comparison of results using ambient concentrations versus predicted exposures SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ambient concentrations; predicted exposure; ozone; PM2.5; SHEDS model; respiratory hospitalization ID EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT VISITS; PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS; MEASUREMENT ERROR; FINE PARTICLES; CASE-CROSSOVER; ASTHMA; DISEASES; MATTER; OZONE AB Epidemiological analyses of air quality often estimate human exposure from ambient monitoring data, potentially leading to exposure misclassification and subsequent bias in estimated health risks. To investigate this, we conducted a case-crossover study of summertime ambient ozone and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) levels and daily respiratory hospitalizations in New York City during 2001-2005. Comparisons were made between associations estimated using two pollutant exposure metrics: observed concentrations and predicted exposures from the EPA's Stochastic Human Exposure and Dose Simulation (SHEDS) model. Small, positive associations between interquartile range mean ozone concentrations and hospitalizations were observed and were strongest for 0-day lags (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.013, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.998, 1.029) and 3-day lags (HR = 1.006, 95% CI: 0.991, 1.021); applying mean predicted ozone exposures yielded similar results. PM2.5 was also associated with admissions, strongest at 2- and 4-day lags, with few differences between exposure metrics. Subgroup analyses support recognized sociodemographic differences in concentration-related hospitalization risk, whereas few inter-stratum variations were observed in relation to SHEDS exposures. Predicted exposures for these spatially homogenous pollutants were similar across sociodemographic strata, therefore SHEDS predictions coupled with the case-crossover design may have masked observable heterogeneity in risks. However, significant effect modification was found for subjects in the top exposure-to-concentration ratio tertiles, suggesting risks may increase as a consequence of infiltration or greater exposure to outdoor air. C1 [Jones, Rena R.; Nayak, Seema G.; Hwang, Syni-An; Lin, Shao] New York State Dept Hlth, Ctr Environm Hlth, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Jones, Rena R.; Hwang, Syni-An; Lin, Shao] SUNY Albany, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Rensselaer, NY USA. [Oezkaynak, Haluk; Garcia, Valerie] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Jones, RR (reprint author), New York State Dept Hlth, Bur Environm & Occupat Epidemiol, Empire State Plaza,Corning Tower Room 1143, Albany, NY 12237 USA. EM rena.jones@nih.gov OI Lin, Shao/0000-0002-5535-7504; Nayak, Seema/0000-0003-1498-2079 NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 30 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 EI 1559-064X J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2013 VL 23 IS 6 BP 616 EP 626 DI 10.1038/jes.2013.44 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 240ID UT WOS:000326087900007 PM 23982122 ER PT J AU Baxter, LK Dionisio, KL Burke, J Sarnat, SE Sarnat, JA Hodas, N Rich, DQ Turpin, BJ Jones, RR Mannshardt, E Kumar, N Beevers, SD Ozkaynak, H AF Baxter, Lisa K. Dionisio, Kathie L. Burke, Janet Sarnat, Stefanie Ebelt Sarnat, Jeremy A. Hodas, Natasha Rich, David Q. Turpin, Barbara J. Jones, Rena R. Mannshardt, Elizabeth Kumar, Naresh Beevers, Sean D. Oezkaynak, Haluk TI Exposure prediction approaches used in air pollution epidemiology studies: Key findings and future recommendations SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE exposure metrics; exposure models; air exchange rate; epidemiology; PM2.5; ambient pollution ID PARTICULATE MATTER; MEASUREMENT ERROR; PARTICLE COMPOSITION; TIME-SERIES; AMBIENT; HEALTH; MORTALITY; PM2.5 AB Many epidemiologic studies of the health effects of exposure to ambient air pollution use measurements from central-site monitors as their exposure estimate. However, measurements from central-site monitors may lack the spatial and temporal resolution required to capture exposure variability in a study population, thus resulting in exposure error and biased estimates. Articles in this dedicated issue examine various approaches to predict or assign exposures to ambient pollutants. These methods include combining existing central-site pollution measurements with local-and/or regional-scale air quality models to create new or "hybrid" models for pollutant exposure estimates and using exposure models to account for factors such as infiltration of pollutants indoors and human activity patterns. Key findings from these articles are summarized to provide lessons learned and recommendations for additional research on improving exposure estimation approaches for future epidemiological studies. In summary, when compared with use of central-site monitoring data, the enhanced spatial resolution of air quality or exposure models can have an impact on resultant health effect estimates, especially for pollutants derived from local sources such as traffic (e. g., EC, CO, and NOx). In addition, the optimal exposure estimation approach also depends upon the epidemiological study design. We recommend that future research develops pollutant-specific infiltration data (including for PM species) and improves existing data on human time-activity patterns and exposure to local source (e. g., traffic), in order to enhance human exposure modeling estimates. We also recommend comparing how various approaches to exposure estimation characterize relationships between multiple pollutants in time and space and investigating the impact of improved exposure estimates in chronic health studies. C1 [Baxter, Lisa K.; Dionisio, Kathie L.; Burke, Janet; Oezkaynak, Haluk] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Sarnat, Stefanie Ebelt; Sarnat, Jeremy A.] Emory Univ, Dept Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Hodas, Natasha; Turpin, Barbara J.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Rich, David Q.] Univ Rochester, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Rochester, NY USA. [Jones, Rena R.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [Mannshardt, Elizabeth] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Kumar, Naresh] Univ Miami, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Miami, FL USA. [Beevers, Sean D.] Kings Coll London, MRC HPA Ctr Environm & Hlth, London, England. RP Ozkaynak, H (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM ozkayank.haluk@epa.gov RI Turpin, Barbara /D-8346-2012 FU Natural Environment Research Council; Medical Research Council; Economic and Social Research Council; Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs; Department of Health [NE/I008039/1]; Environmental Exposures & Health Initiative (EEHI); National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre based at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust; King's College London; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [CR-83407201-0]; NIEHS [NIEHS P30ES005022]; New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station; Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need Fellowship; EPA STAR Fellowship; US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) [CR-83407301-1]; USEPA Clean Air Research Center [RD83479901]; NIH [ES014004]; EPA [R833865] FX We thank the Natural Environment Research Council, Medical Research Council, Economic and Social Research Council, Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs and Department of Health for the funding received for the Traffic Pollution and Health in London project (NE/I008039/1), funded through the Environmental Exposures & Health Initiative (EEHI). The research was also supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre based at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London. Related research was funded, in part, by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Cooperative Agreement CR-83407201-0), NIEHS-sponsored UMDNJ Center for Environmental Exposures and Disease (NIEHS P30ES005022), and the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station. Natasha Hodas was supported by a Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need Fellowship and an EPA STAR Fellowship. Related publications were made possible by a cooperative agreement between Emory University and the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (CR-83407301-1) and a USEPA Clean Air Research Center grant to Emory University and the Georgia Institute of Technology (RD83479901) Related research was funded by the NIH (ES014004) and the EPA (R833865). NR 36 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 44 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 EI 1559-064X J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2013 VL 23 IS 6 BP 654 EP 659 DI 10.1038/jes.2013.62 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 240ID UT WOS:000326087900011 PM 24084756 ER PT J AU Ferraro, SP AF Ferraro, Steven P. TI Ecological periodic tables: in principle and practice SO OIKOS LA English DT Article ID ESTUARINE HABITATS; SEAGRASS LANDSCAPES; ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS; WILLAPA BAY; USA; CLASSIFICATION; WASHINGTON; DIVERSITY; PATTERNS; NICHE AB Science is organized knowledge. Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) Ecological periodic tables are an information organizing system with categorical habitat types as elements and predictably recurring (periodic) properties of a target biotic community, such as its relative species richness, abundance and biomass, as attributes. Ecological periodic tables are founded on the ecological tenet that habitats structure biotic communities and its corollary that habitats are templets for ecological strategies. They are a durable, open and flexible system that accommodates all operationally defined habitat types and biotic communities for which the periodicity of habitat usage patterns by a biotic community have been empirically substantiated. Discovering quantitative, periodic habitat usage patterns requires quantitative, representative, unbiased sampling of a biotic community across habitat types at ecologically relevant temporal and spatial scales. Like chemical periodic tables, the Linnaean system of classification and the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram in chemistry, biology and astronomy, respectively, ecological periodic tables are simple, easy to understand, exceptionally useful and they foster the expansion of scientific understanding, inquiry and theory. C1 US EPA, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. RP Ferraro, SP (reprint author), US EPA, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, 2111 SE Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. EM ferraro.steven@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX Many thanks to Chet F. Rakocinski, Anthony R. Olsen, Faith A. Cole, Dustin Marshall and Matthew Symonds for their comments and suggestions to improve the manuscript. The information in this document has been funded wholly by the US Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 59 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0030-1299 EI 1600-0706 J9 OIKOS JI Oikos PD NOV PY 2013 VL 122 IS 11 BP 1541 EP 1553 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2013.00717.x PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 242XF UT WOS:000326278400003 ER PT J AU Shao, K Gift, JS Setzer, RW AF Shao, Kan Gift, Jeffrey S. Setzer, R. Woodrow TI Is the assumption of normality or log-normality for continuous response data critical for benchmark dose estimation? SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Benchmark dose; Continuous data; Normal distribution; Log-normal distribution AB Continuous responses (e.g. body weight) are widely used in risk assessment for determining the benchmark dose (BMD) which is used to derive a U.S. EPA reference dose. One critical question that is not often addressed in dose-response assessments is whether to model the continuous data as normally or log-normally distributed. Additionally, if lognormality is assumed, and only summarized response data (i.e., mean +/- standard deviation) are available as is usual in the peer-reviewed literature, the BMD can only be approximated. In this study, using the "hybrid" method and relative deviation approach, we first evaluate six representative continuous dose-response datasets reporting individual animal responses to investigate the impact on BMD/BMDL estimates of (1) the distribution assumption and (2) the use of summarized versus individual animal data when a log-normal distribution is assumed. We also conduct simulation studies evaluating model fits to various known distributions to investigate whether the distribution assumption has influence on BMD/BMDL estimates. Our results indicate that BMDs estimated using the hybrid method are more sensitive to the distribution assumption than counterpart BMDs estimated using the relative deviation approach. The choice of distribution assumption has limited impact on the BMD/BMDL estimates when the within dose-group variance is small, while the lognormality assumption is a better choice for relative deviation method when data are more skewed because of its appropriateness in describing the relationship between mean and standard deviation. Additionally, the results suggest that the use of summarized data versus individual response data to characterize log-normal distributions has minimal impact on BMD estimates. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Shao, Kan; Gift, Jeffrey S.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Setzer, R. Woodrow] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Shao, K (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Shao.Kan@epa.gov RI Shao, Kan/B-8242-2015 OI Shao, Kan/0000-0002-5512-2377 FU Research Participation Program for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development FX The authors would like to thank Drs. David Svendsgaard and Matthew Martin for their comments and suggestions on an early version of this article. The authors highly appreciate Dr. Wout Slob for his comprehensive and thoughtful comments. This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and EPA. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X EI 1096-0333 J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD NOV 1 PY 2013 VL 272 IS 3 BP 767 EP 779 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2013.08.006 PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 241BM UT WOS:000326141400022 PM 23954464 ER PT J AU Lundin, L Gullett, B Carroll, WF Touati, A Marklund, S Fiedler, H AF Lundin, Lisa Gullett, Brian Carroll, William F., Jr. Touati, Abderrahmane Marklund, Stellan Fiedler, Heidelore TI The effect of developing nations' municipal waste composition on PCDD/PCDF emissions from open burning SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE PCDD/PCDF; Emission; Waste; Open burning; Composition ID HOUSEHOLD WASTE; COMBUSTION; DIOXINS; BARRELS AB Open burning tests of municipal waste from two countries, Mexico and China, showed composition-related differences in emissions of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs). Twenty-six burn tests were conducted, comparing results from two laboratory combustion facilities. Waste was shredded to isolate composition-specific effects from those due to random waste orientation. Emissions ranged from 5 to 780 ng toxic equivalent/kg carbon burned (ng TEQ (kg C-b)(-1)) with an average of 140 ng TEQ (kg C-b)(-1) (stdev = 170). The waste from Mexico (17 ng TEQ (kg C-b)(-1)) had a statistically lower average emission factor than waste from China (240 ng TEQ (kg C-b)(-1). This difference was attributed primarily to waste composition differences, although one time-integrated combustion quality measure, Delta CO/Delta CO2, showed statistical significance between laboratories. However, waste composition differences were far more determinant than which laboratory conducted the tests, illustrated using both statistical techniques and comparison of cross-over samples (wastes tested at both facilities). Comparison of emissions from previous waste combustion tests in Sweden and the U.S.A, showed emission factors within the range of those determined for Mexico and China waste. For laboratory-scale combustion, existing emission factors and test methodologies are generally applicable to both developed and developing countries. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lundin, Lisa; Marklund, Stellan] Umea Univ, Dept Chem, SE-90187 Umea, Sweden. [Gullett, Brian] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Carroll, William F., Jr.] Amer Chem Council, Chlorine Chem Div, Washington, DC 20002 USA. [Touati, Abderrahmane] ARCADIS US Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Fiedler, Heidelore] United Nat Environm Programme, DTIE Chem Branch, CH-1219 Chatelaine, GE, Switzerland. RP Gullett, B (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, E343-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM lisa.lundin@chem.umu.se; Gullett.brian@epa.gov RI Fiedler, Heidelore/P-6115-2015; OI Fiedler, Heidelore/0000-0003-1496-9245; Carroll, William F/0000-0002-7051-3202 FU United Nations Environment Programme through the government of Sweden FX The authors wish to acknowledge the cooperation of Gustavo Solorzano Ochoa at the National Institute of Ecology (Mexico) and Tingting Zhang and Gang Yu at Tsinghua University (China). This work was funded principally by the United Nations Environment Programme through a grant from the government of Sweden and with contributions from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 25 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 79 BP 433 EP 441 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.06.040 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 236YF UT WOS:000325834700048 ER PT J AU Hungate, BA Dijkstra, P Wu, ZT Duval, BD Day, FP Johnson, DW Megonigal, JP Brown, ALP Garland, JL AF Hungate, Bruce A. Dijkstra, Paul Wu, Zhuoting Duval, Benjamin D. Day, Frank P. Johnson, Dale W. Megonigal, J. Patrick Brown, Alisha L. P. Garland, Jay L. TI Cumulative response of ecosystem carbon and nitrogen stocks to chronic CO2 exposure in a subtropical oak woodland SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE carbon cycling; elevated CO2; global change; long-term experiment; nitrogen cycling; scrub oak; soil carbon; subtropical woodland ID ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; FLORIDA SCRUB-OAK; SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; DIOXIDE ENRICHMENT; FOREST PRODUCTIVITY; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; RHIZOSPHERE PROCESSES; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; CLIMATE FEEDBACKS AB Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) could alter the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content of ecosystems, yet the magnitude of these effects are not well known. We examined C and N budgets of a subtropical woodland after 11yr of exposure to elevated CO2. We used open-top chambers to manipulate CO2 during regrowth after fire, and measured C, N and tracer N-15 in ecosystem components throughout the experiment. Elevated CO2 increased plant C and tended to increase plant N but did not significantly increase whole-system C or N. Elevated CO2 increased soil microbial activity and labile soil C, but more slowly cycling soil C pools tended to decline. Recovery of a long-term N-15 tracer indicated that CO2 exposure increased N losses and altered N distribution, with no effect on N inputs. Increased plant C accrual was accompanied by higher soil microbial activity and increased C losses from soil, yielding no statistically detectable effect of elevated CO2 on net ecosystem C uptake. These findings challenge the treatment of terrestrial ecosystems responses to elevated CO2 in current biogeochemical models, where the effect of elevated CO2 on ecosystem C balance is described as enhanced photosynthesis and plant growth with decomposition as a first-order response. C1 [Hungate, Bruce A.; Dijkstra, Paul; Wu, Zhuoting; Duval, Benjamin D.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Hungate, Bruce A.; Dijkstra, Paul; Wu, Zhuoting; Duval, Benjamin D.] No Arizona Univ, Ctr Ecosyst Sci & Soc, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Wu, Zhuoting] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Duval, Benjamin D.] ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Day, Frank P.; Brown, Alisha L. P.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Johnson, Dale W.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Megonigal, J. Patrick] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Garland, Jay L.] US EPA, Microbiol & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Hungate, BA (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Box 5640, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM bruce.hungate@nau.edu FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG-02-95ER61993, 95-59, MPOOO02]; National Science Foundation [DEB 9873715, 0092642, 0445324]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration at the Kennedy Space Center; US Fish and Wildlife Service at Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge FX This research was supported by the US Department of Energy (DE-FG-02-95ER61993, and subcontract 95-59, MPOOO02), and by the National Science Foundation (DEB 9873715, 0092642, and 0445324). The National Aeronautics and Space Administration at the Kennedy Space Center, the US Fish and Wildlife Service at Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge provided generous support throughout the CO2 project. Thanks to Bert Drake for visionary leadership and opportunity. Victoria Albarracin, Mike Roberts, Mary Hummerick, Jan Bauer and Lanfang Levine assisted in the laboratory. NR 106 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 5 U2 93 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 200 IS 3 BP 753 EP 766 DI 10.1111/nph.12333 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 233GI UT WOS:000325555400018 PM 23718224 ER PT J AU Pilgrim, EM Blum, MJ Reusser, DA Lee, H Darling, JA AF Pilgrim, Erik M. Blum, Michael J. Reusser, Deborah A. Lee, Henry, II Darling, John A. TI Geographic range and structure of cryptic genetic diversity among Pacific North American populations of the non-native amphipod Grandidierella japonica SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Grandidierella; Amphipod; Invasive species; Cryptic diversity; Aoridae; DNA barcode ID MULTIPLE INTRODUCTIONS; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; INTEGRATED SOFTWARE; CRUSTACEA-AMPHIPODA; SPECIES INVASIONS; CARCINUS-MAENAS; DNA BARCODES; WILLAPA BAY; MARINE; DISPERSAL AB Reconstructing the invasion history of aquatic invasive species can enhance understanding of invasion risks by recognizing areas most susceptible to invasion and forecasting future spread based on past patterns of population expansion. Here we reconstruct the invasion history of the Japanese amphipod Grandidierella japonica Stephensen 1938 combining information from historical collection data with molecular genetic data to better understand post-invasion range expansion and anthropogenic connectivity across the Pacific coast of North America. Compilation of collection data from bays and estuaries of the Pacific North American coast show many new localities have been colonized in the last two decades, moving outward from harbors and bays with high commercial traffic into smaller coastal locations dominated by local recreational traffic. DNA barcode sequence data for G. japonica reveals two distinct clades: one found in San Francisco Bay and sites to the north, and one also found in San Francisco Bay and sites to the south. The two clades differ by an average 7.28 % genetic distance, large enough to consider these invasive amphipods two separate species. Both northern and southern clades exhibit low levels of genetic diversity, suggesting a single introduction event for each. The presence of cryptic diversity within this invasive amphipod highlights the need for more extensive study of the invasive and native populations of aquatic invasive invertebrates to address questions of taxonomy, diversity, and invasion history. C1 [Pilgrim, Erik M.; Darling, John A.] US EPA, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Blum, Michael J.] Tulane Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Reusser, Deborah A.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. [Lee, Henry, II] US EPA, Pacific Coastal Ecol Branch, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. RP Pilgrim, EM (reprint author), US EPA, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM pilgrim.erik@epa.gov OI Darling, John/0000-0002-4776-9533 NR 64 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD NOV PY 2013 VL 15 IS 11 BP 2415 EP 2428 DI 10.1007/s10530-013-0462-7 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 233GH UT WOS:000325555300006 ER PT J AU Hall, SJ Trujillo, J Nakase, D Strawhacker, C Kruse-Peeples, M Schaafsma, H Briggs, J AF Hall, Sharon J. Trujillo, Jolene Nakase, Dana Strawhacker, Colleen Kruse-Peeples, Melissa Schaafsma, Hoski Briggs, John TI Legacies of Prehistoric Agricultural Practices Within Plant and Soil Properties Across an Arid Ecosystem SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE resilience; inverse texture hypothesis; Hohokam; dryland and runoff agriculture; winter desert annuals; anthropogenic landscapes ID LAND-USE HISTORY; CENTRAL GRASSLAND REGION; SONORAN DESERT; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; SPECIES RICHNESS; CARBON STORAGE; UNITED-STATES; MOJAVE DESERT; GREAT-PLAINS; NITROGEN AB Closely integrated research between archaeologists and ecologists provides a long-term view of human land use that is rare in the ecological literature, allowing for investigation of activities that lead to enduring environmental outcomes. This extended temporal perspective is particularly important in aridlands where succession occurs slowly and ecosystem processes are mediated by abiotic, geomorphic factors. Numerous studies show that impacts from ancient human actions can persist, but few have explored the types of practices or mechanisms that lead to either transient or long-term environmental change. We compared plant and soil properties and processes from a range of landscape patch types in the Sonoran Desert of the US Southwest that supported different, well-documented prehistoric farming practices from AD 750-1300. Our results show that the types of ancient human activities that leave long-term ecological legacies in aridlands are those that fundamentally alter "slow variables" such as soil properties that regulate the timing and supply of water. Prehistoric Hohokam floodwater-irrigation practices, but not dryland farming techniques, substantially altered soil texture, which was strongly associated with desert plant community and functional composition. However, prehistoric agriculture did not consistently alter long-term nutrient availability and thus had no impact on "fast variables" such as production of seasonal annual plants that are restricted to periods of ample rainfall. In this arid ecosystem, the inverse texture model explained patterns in plant functional composition at large scales, but is less predictive of production of short-lived desert annuals that experience a more mesic precipitation regime. C1 [Hall, Sharon J.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Trujillo, Jolene] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Strawhacker, Colleen] Arizona State Univ, Sch Human Evolut & Social Change, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Kruse-Peeples, Melissa] Native Seed SEARCH, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Briggs, John] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Nakase, Dana] De Anza Coll, Cupertino, CA 95014 USA. [Schaafsma, Hoski] AMEC Environm & Infrastruct Inc, Phoenix, AZ 85034 USA. RP Hall, SJ (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM sharonjhall@asu.edu RI Hall, Sharon/K-7893-2012; Strawhacker, Colleen/D-5346-2016 OI Strawhacker, Colleen/0000-0002-3939-8445 FU NSF [DEB 0614349]; CAP LTER [NSF-BCS 1026865] FX We would like to thank archaeologist and collaborator Kate Spielmann for leading the interdisciplinary Legacies on the Landscape group with patience and enthusiasm over the last several years. Also, we thank Rob Wilson (NRCS) and Tony Hartshorn (Montana State University) for insight and training on pedology at the Cave Creek site, and numerous ASU staff and students for their time in the field and laboratory, including Jennifer Learned, David Huber, Elizabeth Cook, Matt Camba, Rebecca Hale, Scott Collins, and Darin Jenke. We are grateful to Gary Huckleberry and two anonymous reviewers for their scientific critique that greatly improved this manuscript. This work was funded by NSF-DEB 0614349 and the CAP LTER, NSF-BCS 1026865. NR 135 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 65 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 EI 1435-0629 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD NOV PY 2013 VL 16 IS 7 BP 1273 EP 1293 DI 10.1007/s10021-013-9681-0 PG 21 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 231NT UT WOS:000325424500009 ER PT J AU Hendriks, AJ Awkerman, JA de Zwart, D Huijbregts, MAJ AF Hendriks, A. Jan Awkerman, Jill A. de Zwart, Dick Huijbregts, Mark A. J. TI Sensitivity of species to chemicals: Dose-response characteristics for various test types (LC50, LR50 and LD50) and modes of action SO ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY LA English DT Article DE LC50; LD50; Species sensitivity distribution; Narcosis ID ACUTE TOXICITY; ENVIRONMENTAL-POLLUTANTS; DISTRIBUTIONS; INHALATION; IMPACT; SAFETY; QSARS; RAT AB While variable sensitivity of model species to common toxicants has been addressed in previous studies, a systematic analysis of inter-species variability for different test types, modes of action and species is as of yet lacking. Hence, the aim of the present study was to identify similarities and differences in contaminant levels affecting cold-blooded and warm-blooded species administered via different routes. To that end, data on lethal water concentrations LC50, tissue residues LR50 and oral doses LD50 were collected from databases, each representing the largest of its kind. LC50 data were multiplied by a bioconcentration factor (BCF) to convert them to internal concentrations that allow for comparison among species. For each endpoint data set, we calculated the mean and standard deviation of species' lethal level per compound. Next, the means and standard deviations were averaged by mode of action. Both the means and standard deviations calculated depended on the number of species tested, which is at odds with quality standard setting procedures. Means calculated from (BCF) LC50, LR50 and LD50 were largely similar, suggesting that different administration routes roughly yield similar internal levels. Levels for compounds interfering biochemically with elementary life processes were about one order of magnitude below that of narcotics disturbing membranes, and neurotoxic pesticides and dioxins induced death in even lower amounts. Standard deviations for LD50 data were similar across modes of action, while variability of LC50 values was lower for narcotics than for substances with a specific mode of action. The study indicates several directions to go for efficient use of available data in risk assessment and reduction of species testing. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Hendriks, A. Jan; Huijbregts, Mark A. J.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Inst Water & Wetland Res, Dept Environm Sci, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Awkerman, Jill A.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [de Zwart, Dick] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Lab Ecol Risk Assessment, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. RP Hendriks, AJ (reprint author), Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Inst Water & Wetland Res, Dept Environm Sci, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. EM A.J.Hendriks@science.ru.nl; Awkerman.Jill@epamail.epa.gov; Dick.de.Zwart@rivm.nl; M.Huijbregts@science.ru.nl RI Huijbregts, Mark/B-8971-2011; Hendriks, Aalbert Jan/C-6767-2013 NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 63 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-6513 EI 1090-2414 J9 ECOTOX ENVIRON SAFE JI Ecotox. Environ. Safe. PD NOV 1 PY 2013 VL 97 BP 10 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.06.020 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 226MC UT WOS:000325039400002 PM 23932508 ER PT J AU Ho, KT Burgess, RM AF Ho, Kay T. Burgess, Robert M. TI WHAT'S CAUSING TOXICITY IN SEDIMENTS? RESULTS OF 20 YEARS OF TOXICITY IDENTIFICATION AND EVALUATIONS SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE Sediment toxicity; Toxicity identification and evaluation (TIE); Toxicity identification; Sediment assessment ID PORE-WATER TOXICITY; PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES; PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE; CONTAMINATED SEDIMENTS; HARBOR SEDIMENTS; EVALUATION TOOLS; EVALUATION TIE; US ESTUARIES; CARBOXYLESTERASE ACTIVITY; BENTHIC COMMUNITIES AB Sediment toxicity identification and evaluation (TIE) methods have been used for 20 yr to identify the causes of toxicity in sediments around the world. In the present study, the authors summarize and categorize results of 36 peer-reviewed TIE studies (67 sediments) into nonionic organic, cationic, ammonia, and other toxicant groups. Results are then further categorized according to whether the study was performed in freshwater or marine sediments and whether the study was performed using whole-sediment or interstitial-water TIE methods. When all studies were grouped, nonionic organic toxicants, either singly or in combination with other toxicants, were implicated in 70% of all studies. When studies were divided into interstitial-water TIE methodology compared with whole-sediment TIE methodology, results indicated that studies performed using interstitial-water TIE methods reported nonionic organic toxicity slightly more often than toxicity from cationic metals (67% compared with 49%). In contrast, studies using whole-sediment TIE methods report nonionic organic chemical toxicity, either singly or in combination with another toxicant, in 90% of all sediments tested. Cationic metals play a much smaller role in whole-sediment TIE studiesfewer than 20% of all sediments had a metals signal. The discrepancy between the 2 methods can be attributed to exposure differences. Contrary to earlier findings, ammonia generally plays only a minor role in sediment toxicity. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:2424-2432. (c) 2013 SETAC. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Ho, Kay T.; Burgess, Robert M.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Off Res & Dev, Narragansett, RI USA. RP Ho, KT (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Off Res & Dev, Narragansett, RI USA. EM ho.kay@epa.gov NR 89 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 7 U2 61 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 32 IS 11 BP 2424 EP 2432 DI 10.1002/etc.2359 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 232HE UT WOS:000325482700003 PM 23966219 ER PT J AU Boethling, R Meylan, W AF Boethling, Robert Meylan, William TI HOW ACCURATE ARE PHYSICAL PROPERTY ESTIMATION PROGRAMS FOR ORGANOSILICON COMPOUNDS? SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Organosilicon; Physical properties; Estimation software; Quantitative structure-activity relationship ID HENRYS LAW CONSTANTS; PARTITION-COEFFICIENT; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; VAPOR-PRESSURE; BOILING-POINT; DIVERSE SET; SILICON; PREDICTION; CHEMICALS; WATER AB Organosilicon compounds are important in chemistry and commerce, and nearly 10% of new chemical substances for which premanufacture notifications are processed by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) contain silicon (Si). Yet, remarkably few measured values are submitted for key physical properties, and the accuracy of estimation programs such as the Estimation Programs Interface (EPI) Suite and the SPARC Performs Automated Reasoning in Chemistry (SPARC) system is largely unknown. To address this issue, the authors developed an extensive database of measured property values for organic compounds containing Si and evaluated the performance of no-cost estimation programs for several properties of importance in environmental assessment. These included melting point (mp), boiling point (bp), vapor pressure (vp), water solubility, n-octanol/water partition coefficient (logK(OW)), and Henry's law constant. For bp and the larger of 2 vp datasets, SPARC, MPBPWIN, and the USEPA's Toxicity Estimation Software Tool (TEST) had similar accuracy. For log K-OW and water solubility, the authors tested 11 and 6 no-cost estimators, respectively. The best performers were Molinspiration and WSKOWWIN, respectively. The TEST's consensus mp method outperformed that of MPBPWIN by a considerable margin. Generally, the best programs estimated the listed properties of diverse organosilicon compounds with accuracy sufficient for chemical screening. The results also highlight areas where improvement is most needed. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:2433-2440. (c) 2013 SETAC C1 [Boethling, Robert] US EPA, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Meylan, William] SRC Inc, Ctr Environm Sci, North Syracuse, NY USA. RP Boethling, R (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM boethling.bob@epa.gov NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 32 IS 11 BP 2433 EP 2440 DI 10.1002/etc.2326 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 232HE UT WOS:000325482700004 PM 23846858 ER PT J AU LaLone, CA Villeneuve, DL Cavallin, JE Kahl, MD Durhan, EJ Makynen, EA Jensen, KM Stevens, KE Severson, MN Blanksma, CA Flynn, KM Hartig, PC Woodard, JS Berninger, JP Norberg-King, TJ Johnson, RD Ankley, GT AF LaLone, Carlie A. Villeneuve, Daniel L. Cavallin, Jenna E. Kahl, Michael D. Durhan, Elizabeth J. Makynen, Elizabeth A. Jensen, Kathleen M. Stevens, Kyle E. Severson, Megan N. Blanksma, Chad A. Flynn, Kevin M. Hartig, Philip C. Woodard, Jonne S. Berninger, Jason P. Norberg-King, Teresa J. Johnson, Rodney D. Ankley, Gerald T. TI CROSS-SPECIES SENSITIVITY TO A NOVEL ANDROGEN RECEPTOR AGONIST OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN, SPIRONOLACTONE SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Adverse outcome pathway; Spironolactone; Pharmaceutical; Endocrine disruption; Reproductive toxicity ID MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; FATHEAD MINNOW; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; RISK-ASSESSMENT; HEART-FAILURE; DAPHNIA-MAGNA; BISPHENOL-A; CELL-LINE; FISH; VITELLOGENIN AB Spironolactone is a pharmaceutical that in humans is used to treat conditions like hirsutism, various dermatologic afflictions, and female-pattern hair loss through antagonism of the androgen receptor. Although not routinely monitored in the environment, spironolactone has been detected downstream of a pharmaceutical manufacturer, indicating a potential for exposure of aquatic species. Furthermore, spironolactone has been reported to cause masculinization of female western mosquitofish, a response indicative of androgen receptor activation. Predictive methods to identify homologous proteins to the human and western mosquitofish androgen receptor suggest that vertebrates would be more susceptible to adverse effects mediated by chemicals like spironolactone that target the androgen receptor compared with invertebrate species that lack a relevant homolog. In addition, an adverse outcome pathway previously developed for activation of the androgen receptor suggests that androgen mimics can lead to reproductive toxicity in fish. To assess this, 21-d reproduction studies were conducted with 2 fish species, fathead minnow and Japanese medaka, and the invertebrate Daphnia magna. Spironolactone significantly reduced the fecundity of medaka and fathead minnows at 50g/L, whereas daphnia reproduction was not affected by concentrations as large as 500g/L. Phenotypic masculinization of females of both fish species was observed at 5g/L as evidenced by formation of tubercles in fathead minnows and papillary processes in Japanese medaka. Effects in fish occurred at concentrations below those reported in the environment. These results demonstrate how a priori knowledge of an adverse outcome pathway and the conservation of a key molecular target across vertebrates can be utilized to identify potential chemicals of concern in terms of monitoring and highlight potentially sensitive species and endpoints for testing. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:2528-2541. (c) 2013 SETAC C1 [LaLone, Carlie A.; Villeneuve, Daniel L.; Kahl, Michael D.; Durhan, Elizabeth J.; Makynen, Elizabeth A.; Jensen, Kathleen M.; Severson, Megan N.; Flynn, Kevin M.; Norberg-King, Teresa J.; Johnson, Rodney D.; Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. [Cavallin, Jenna E.; Stevens, Kyle E.; Blanksma, Chad A.] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Midcontinent, Duluth, MN USA. [Cavallin, Jenna E.; Stevens, Kyle E.; Blanksma, Chad A.] US EPA, Educ Res Participat Program, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Midcontinent, Duluth, MN USA. [Hartig, Philip C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Toxic Assessment Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Woodard, Jonne S.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Berninger, Jason P.] CNR, Duluth, MN USA. RP LaLone, CA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. EM LaLone.Carlie@epa.gov RI Berninger, Jason/O-2401-2016 OI Berninger, Jason/0000-0003-3045-7899 NR 46 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 5 U2 47 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 32 IS 11 BP 2528 EP 2541 DI 10.1002/etc.2330 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 232HE UT WOS:000325482700014 PM 23881739 ER PT J AU Olszyk, D Blakeley-Smith, M Pfleeger, T Lee, EH Plocher, M AF Olszyk, David Blakeley-Smith, Matthew Pfleeger, Thomas Lee, E. Henry Plocher, Milton TI EFFECTS OF LOW LEVELS OF HERBICIDES ON PRAIRIE SPECIES OF THE WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREGON SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Plants; Herbicide drift; Glyphosate; Tribenuron; Fluazifop ID PESTICIDE REGISTRATION; PLANTS; PHYTOTOXICITY; IMPACTS; TERRESTRIAL; SENSITIVITY; GREENHOUSE; GLYPHOSATE; MANAGEMENT; RECOVERY AB The relative sensitivity of 17 noncrop plant species from Oregon's Willamette Valley was determined in response to glyphosate, tribenuron methyl (tribenuron), and fluazifop-p-butyl (fluazifop) herbicides. For glyphosate, Elymus trachycaulus, Festuca arundinacea, Madia elegans, Potentilla gracilis, and Ranunculus occidentalis were the most sensitive species, based on a concentration calculated to reduce shoot dry weight by 25% (IC25 values) of 0.02 to 0.04 x a field application rate of 1112 g active ingredient (a.i.) per hectare. Clarkia amoena and Lupinus albicaulis were the most tolerant to glyphosate, with IC25 values near the field application rate. Clarkia amoena, Prunella vulgaris, and R. occidentalis were the most sensitive to tribenuron, with IC25 values of 0.001 to 0.004 x a field application rate of 8.7 g a.i. ha(-1) for shoot dry weight. Five grass species were tolerant to tribenuron with no significant IC25 values. For fluazifop, 2 native grasses, E. trachycaulus and Danthonia californica, were the most sensitive species, with IC25 values of 0.007 and 0.010 x a field application rate of 210 g a.i. ha(-1), respectively, for shoot dry weight, while a native grass, Festuca roemeri, and nearly all forbs showed little or no response. These results also indicated that the 3 introduced species used in the present study may be controlled with 1 of the tested herbicides: glyphosate (F. arundinacea), tribenuron (Leucanthemum vulgare), and fluazifop (Cynosurus echinatus). Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:2542-2551. (c) 2013 SETAC C1 [Olszyk, David; Pfleeger, Thomas; Lee, E. Henry] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR USA. [Blakeley-Smith, Matthew] Greenbelt Land Trust, Corvallis, OR USA. [Plocher, Milton] Milton Plocher, Dynamac, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Olszyk, D (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR USA. EM olszyk.david@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency [68-D0-1005, 68-06-0005, GSF4381G] FX The information in this document has been funded in part by the US Environmental Protection Agency under contracts 68-D0-1005 and 68-06-0005 to Dynamac and contract GSF4381G for TO 1521 in SES3 BPA Computer Sciences. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 32 IS 11 BP 2542 EP 2551 DI 10.1002/etc.2331 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 232HE UT WOS:000325482700015 PM 23881750 ER PT J AU Arnold, BF Schiff, KC Griffith, JF Gruber, JS Yau, V Wright, CC Wade, TJ Burns, S Hayes, JM McGee, C Gold, M Cao, YP Weisberg, SB Colford, JM AF Arnold, Benjamin F. Schiff, Kenneth C. Griffith, John F. Gruber, Joshua S. Yau, Vincent Wright, Catherine C. Wade, Timothy J. Burns, Susan Hayes, Jacqueline M. McGee, Charles Gold, Mark Cao, Yiping Weisberg, Stephen B. Colford, John M., Jr. TI Swimmer Illness Associated with Marine Water Exposure and Water Quality Indicators Impact of Widely Used Assumptions SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAPIDLY MEASURED INDICATORS; MEASUREMENT ERROR; ENTEROCOCCUS; BEACHES; RISK; CONTACT; BIAS; BEACHGOERS; RUNOFF; SAND AB Background: Studies of health risks associated with recreational water exposure require investigators to make choices about water quality indicator averaging techniques, exposure definitions, follow-up periods, and model specifications; however, investigators seldom describe the impact of these choices on reported results. Our objectives are to report illness risk from swimming at a marine beach affected by nonpoint sources of urban runoff, measure associations between fecal indicator bacteria levels and subsequent illness among swimmers, and investigate the sensitivity of results to a range of exposure and outcome definitions. Methods: In 2009, we enrolled 5674 people in a prospective cohort at Malibu Beach, a coastal marine beach in California, and measured daily health symptoms 10-19 days later. Concurrent water quality samples were analyzed for indicator bacteria using culture and molecular methods. We compared illness risk between nonswimmers and swimmers, and among swimmers exposed to various levels of fecal indicator bacteria. Results: Diarrhea was more common among swimmers than nonswimmers (adjusted odds ratio = 1.88 [95% confidence interval = 1.09-3.24]) within 3 days of the beach visit. Water quality was generally good (fecal indicator bacteria levels exceeded water quality guidelines for only 7% of study samples). Fecal indicator bacteria levels were not consistently associated with swimmer illness. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated that overall inference was not substantially affected by the choice of exposure and outcome definitions. Conclusions: This study suggests that the 3 days following a beach visit may be the most relevant period for health outcome measurement in recreational water studies. Under the water quality conditions observed in this study, fecal indicator bacteria levels were not associated with swimmer illness. C1 [Arnold, Benjamin F.; Gruber, Joshua S.; Yau, Vincent; Wright, Catherine C.; Colford, John M., Jr.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Schiff, Kenneth C.; Griffith, John F.; Cao, Yiping; Weisberg, Stephen B.] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, Costa Mesa, CA USA. [Yau, Vincent] Kaiser Permanente Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. [Wade, Timothy J.] US EPA, Natl Environm Hlth Effects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Burns, Susan; Hayes, Jacqueline M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Survey Res Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [McGee, Charles] Orange Cty Sanitat Dist, Orange, CA USA. [Gold, Mark] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Colford, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Epidemiol, Sch Publ Hlth, 113A Haviland Hall,MC 7358, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jcolford@berkeley.edu RI Weisberg, Stephen/B-2477-2008 OI Weisberg, Stephen/0000-0002-0655-9425 FU California State Water Resources Control Board; US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); Los Angeles County Flood Control District FX The study was funded by the California State Water Resources Control Board, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the Los Angeles County Flood Control District. With the exception of the scientific contribution of T.J.W. of the EPA, the funders played no role in the collection, analysis or interpretation of the data, nor in the writing of this report and the decision to submit the article for publication. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency. The authors have no competing interests. NR 27 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 23 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD NOV PY 2013 VL 24 IS 6 BP 845 EP 853 DI 10.1097/01.ede.0000434431.06765.4a PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 232YH UT WOS:000325530100008 PM 24045718 ER PT J AU London, MR Wahman, DG Katz, LE Speitel, GE AF London, Mara R. Wahman, David G. Katz, Lynn E. Speitel, Gerald E., Jr. TI Zero-Valent Iron/Biotic Treatment System for Perchlorate-Contaminated Water: Lab-Scale Performance, Modeling, and Full-Scale Implications SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Biofilm; Biological treatment; Hydrogen; Iron; Mathematical modeling; Reactors; Remediation; Water treatment ID AUTOTROPHIC BACTERIA; AQUATIC SYSTEMS; IRON; REDUCTION; SIMULATION; CORROSION; REMOVAL; NITRATE; REMEDIATION; AQUASIM AB The computer program AQUASIM was used to model biological treatment of perchlorate-contaminated water using zero-valent iron corrosion as the hydrogen gas source. The laboratory-scale column was seeded with an autohydrogenotrophic microbial consortium previously shown to degrade perchlorate. Consortium biokinetic parameters and data from column experiments were used to verify the model. The model was then used to simulate full-scale performance of an in-situ zero-valent iron permeable reactive barrier perchlorate-treatment system. Simulation results indicate full-scale field treatment systems have the potential to degrade significant concentrations of perchlorate in the presence of oxygen under a variety of operating conditions. C1 [London, Mara R.] Gonzaga Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Spokane, WA 99258 USA. [Wahman, David G.] US EPA, Treatment Technol Evaluat Branch, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Katz, Lynn E.; Speitel, Gerald E., Jr.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP London, MR (reprint author), Gonzaga Univ, Dept Civil Engn, 502 E Boone Ave, Spokane, WA 99258 USA. EM LondonM@gonzaga.edu OI Wahman, David/0000-0002-0167-8468 FU U.S. EPA, through Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. EPA, through its Office of Research and Development, collaborated in the research described in this paper. It has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency; therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 24 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 EI 1943-7870 J9 J ENVIRON ENG JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD NOV 1 PY 2013 VL 139 IS 11 BP 1361 EP 1367 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000754 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 234KT UT WOS:000325643400006 ER PT J AU Kotecha, R Massie, S Szabo, J Shanov, V AF Kotecha, Rutvij Massie, Sean Szabo, Jeff Shanov, Vesselin TI Disinfection of Bacillus globigii Spores Using an Atmospheric Pressure Microwave Plasma System SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Atmospheric pressure microwave plasma; Bacillus globigii; Optical emission spectroscopy; Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy; Residual gas analyzer ID BIOLOGICAL WARFARE; SUBTILIS SPORES; DECONTAMINATION; INACTIVATION; AGENTS; ROLES AB This paper examines the application of atmospheric pressure microwave plasma (APMP) for disinfection of water contaminated by Bacillus globigii spores. The results were most promising when He-H2 or O2 were used as plasma gases. The most probable cause for disinfection due to He-H2 plasma can be attributed to the presence of germicidal ultraviolet radiation. On the other hand, the presence of metastable oxygen species (which are very reactive) in the oxygen plasma effluents was attributed as the most likely cause of sterilization of Bacillus globigii spores. By choosing the correct combination of gas mixtures and microwave power level, the authors were able to achieve greater than log5 inactivation. AMPM may be a suitable alternative to traditional disinfection techniques (e.g.chlorination) when they are difficult or impracticable. (C) 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Kotecha, Rutvij; Massie, Sean; Shanov, Vesselin] Univ Cincinnati, Engn Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Szabo, Jeff] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Water Infrastruct Protect Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Kotecha, R (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Engn Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM kotechrj@mail.uc.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through Office of Research and Development [EP-C-11-006] FX The authors are thankful to Drs. Mike Sitko, David Wendell, George Sorial, Peter Kosel and Dionysios D. Dionysiou for their guidance and support. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development funded the research described herein under contract EP-C-11-006 to Pegasus Technical Services. It has been reviewed by the Agency but does not necessarily reflect the Agency's views. No official endorsement should be inferred. EPA does not endorse the purchase or sale of any commercial products or services. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 15 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 EI 1943-7870 J9 J ENVIRON ENG JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD NOV 1 PY 2013 VL 139 IS 11 BP 1409 EP 1412 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000747 PG 4 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 234KT UT WOS:000325643400012 ER PT J AU Pond, GJ North, SH AF Pond, Gregory J. North, Sheila H. TI Application of a benthic observed/expected-type model for assessing Central Appalachian streams influenced by regional stressors in West Virginia and Kentucky SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Predictive model; O/E; Macroinvertebrates; Bioassessment; Mining; Acid deposition; Residential development ID PREDICTIVE MODELS; BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENTS; HEADWATER STREAMS; BIOTIC INTEGRITY; UNITED-STATES; O/E INDEX; MACROINVERTEBRATE; BIOASSESSMENT; ASSEMBLAGES; PERFORMANCE AB Stream bioassessments rely on taxonomic composition at sites compared with natural, reference conditions. We developed and tested an observed/expected (O/E) predictive model of taxonomic completeness and an index of compositional dissimilarity (BC index) for Central Appalachian streams using combined macroinvertebrate datasets from riffle habitats in West Virginia (WV) and Kentucky (KY). A total of 102 reference sites were used to calibrate the O/E model, which was then applied to assess over 1,200 sites sampled over a 10-year period. Using an all subsets discriminant function analysis (DFA) procedure, we tested combinations of 14 predictor variables that produced DF and O/E models of varying performance. We selected the most precise model using a probability of capture at > 0.5 (O/E (0.5), SD = 0.159); this model was constructed with only three simple predictor variables-Julian day, latitude, and whether a site was in ecoregion 69a. We evaluated O/E and BC indices between reference and test sites and compared their response to regional stressors, including coal mining, residential development, and acid deposition. The Central Appalachian O/E and BC indices both showed excellent discriminatory power and were significantly correlated to a variety of regional stressors; in some instances, the BC index was slightly more sensitive and responsive than the O/E (0.5) model. These indices can be used to supplement existing bioassessment tools crucial to detecting and diagnosing stream impacts in the Central Appalachian region of WV and KY. C1 [Pond, Gregory J.] US EPA, Off Monitoring & Assessment, Wheeling, WV USA. [North, Sheila H.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Dynamac Corp, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Pond, GJ (reprint author), US EPA, Off Monitoring & Assessment, Wheeling, WV USA. EM pond.greg@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP-D-06-096]; EPA FX This research was conducted jointly by EPA's Environmental Assessment and Innovation Division in Region III and EPA's National Exposure Research Laboratory in the Office of Research and Development. The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under contract number EP-D-06-096 to Dynamac Corporation. We thank Randy Pomponio and John Forren (Region III, Philadelphia, PA), Joe Flotemersch and Brad Autrey (ORD, Cincinnati, OH), and Justicia Rhodus (Dynamac Corporation) for programmatic support. We also thank John Van Sickle and Karen Blocksom (EPA, ORD, Corvallis, OR) for statistical and software programming advice and reviews. Datasets were supplied by Jeff Bailey and Mike Whitman (WVDEP) and John Brumley and Mark Vogel (KYDEP). GIS support was provided by Ellen D'Amico and Elisabeth Hagenbuch (Dynamac Corporation). Earlier versions of the manuscript were improved by reviews from Maggie Passmore (Region III, Wheeling, WV), John Forren and Stefania Shamet (Region III, Philadelphia, PA), Matt Klasen (EPA Headquarters, Washington, DC), and editing and formatting of the manuscript was performed by Justicia Rhodus (Dynamac Corporation). We also thank two anonymous reviewers who greatly improved the final manuscript. Although this research was supported by EPA, the views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not represent the official views or positions of the EPA or the US government. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 185 IS 11 BP 9299 EP 9320 DI 10.1007/s10661-013-3253-9 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 227MF UT WOS:000325116500040 PM 24081743 ER PT J AU Witt, JW Forkner, RE Kraus, RT AF Witt, Jonathan W. Forkner, Rebecca E. Kraus, Richard T. TI Habitat heterogeneity and intraguild interactions modify distribution and injury rates in two coexisting genera of damselflies SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE habitat; odonates; size structure; sublethal injury; tidal disturbance ID TIDAL FRESH-WATER; COMMUNITY-LEVEL CONSEQUENCES; TROPHIC CASCADES; FOOD-WEB; STRUCTURED POPULATIONS; SPECIES COMPOSITION; AQUATIC VEGETATION; LIFE-HISTORIES; FISH PREDATION; POTOMAC RIVER AB Sublethal effects of predation can affect both population and community structure. Despite this, little is known about how the frequency of injury varies in relation to habitat, aquatic community characteristics or between trophically similar, coexisting taxa. In a tidal freshwater ecosystem, we first examined injuries (lamellar autotomy) of Enallagma and Ischnura damselfly larvae, which have unique behaviours and susceptibilities to predation, as a function of habitat type, body size and overall odonate density. We also examined relative abundance of these genera and potential anisopteran predators as a function of habitat type. The frequency of injury to Enallagma was high when larvae were small and overall odonate density was high. For Ischnura, however, the frequency of injury depended on habitat and was high for small larvae in less disturbed habitats low on the shore. Ischnura were most frequently found in more disturbed habitats high on the shore, whereas Enallagma were more frequently found in less disturbed habitats low on the shore. The relative importance of factors hypothesised to structure odonate communities varied between coexisting Enallagma and Ischnura. Distinctive distributions and patterns of injury for each genus provided new insights on the potential for intraguild interactions to modify habitat associations in tidal freshwater ecosystems. C1 [Witt, Jonathan W.; Forkner, Rebecca E.; Kraus, Richard T.] George Mason Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Witt, JW (reprint author), US EPA, Global Change Res Program, US EPA ORD, Mail Code 8601P 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM witt.jonathan@epa.gov FU Washington Biologists Field Club; Virginia Academy of Science FX We would like to thank Drs. Larry Rockwood, Scott Sillett and Marlene Cole, as well as three Freshwater Biology reviewers for their comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. We would also like to thank Anna Braum and Bradley Pratt for their assistance in collecting and sorting field data. This study was completed in partial fulfilment of M.S. degree requirements for J.W.W. and was funded in part by the Washington Biologists Field Club and Virginia Academy of Science. The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This article is Contribution 1767 of the U.S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center. NR 62 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0046-5070 J9 FRESHWATER BIOL JI Freshw. Biol. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 58 IS 11 BP 2380 EP 2388 DI 10.1111/fwb.12217 PG 9 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 228AF UT WOS:000325156400015 ER PT J AU McMinn, BR AF McMinn, Brian R. TI Optimization of adenovirus 40 and 41 recovery from tap water using small disk filters SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Adenovirus 40 and 41; Organic flocculation; Celite concentration; NanoCeram (R); 1MDS ID REAL-TIME PCR; DRINKING-WATER; 2ND-STEP CONCENTRATION; ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; LARGE VOLUMES; WASTE-WATER; HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN; VIRUS CONCENTRATION; MICROPOROUS FILTER; CARTRIDGE FILTERS AB Currently, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Information Collection Rule (ICR) for the primary concentration of viruses from drinking and surface waters uses the 1MDS filter, but a more cost effective option, the NanoCeram (R) filter, has been shown to recover comparable levels of enterovirus and norovirus from both matrices. In order to achieve the highest viral recoveries, filtration methods require the identification of optimal concentration conditions that are unique for each virus type. This study evaluated the effectiveness of 1MDS and NanoCeram filters in recovering adenovirus (AdV) 40 and 41 from tap water, and optimized two secondary concentration procedures the celite and organic flocculation method. Adjustments in pH were made to both virus elution solutions and sample matrices to determine which resulted in higher virus recovery. Samples were analyzed by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Most Probable Number (MPN) techniques and AdV recoveries were determined by comparing levels of virus in sample concentrates to that in the initial input. The recovery of adenovirus was highest for samples in unconditioned tap water (pH 8) using the 1MDS filter and celite for secondary concentration. Elution buffer containing 0.1% sodium polyphosphate at pH 10.0 was determined to be most effective overall for both AdV types. Under these conditions, the average recovery for AdV40 and 41 was 49% and 60%, respectively. By optimizing secondary elution steps, AdV recovery from tap water could be improved at least two-fold compared to the currently used methodology. Identification of the optimal concentration conditions for human AdV (HAdV) is important for timely and sensitive detection of these viruses from both surface and drinking waters. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 US EPA, Biohazard Assessment Res Branch, Microbial & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab,Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP McMinn, BR (reprint author), US EPA, Biohazard Assessment Res Branch, Microbial & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab,Off Res & Dev, 26 Martin Luther King Dr,MS 320, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM mcminn.brian@epa.gov NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD NOV PY 2013 VL 193 IS 2 BP 284 EP 290 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.06.021 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 228MH UT WOS:000325190400004 PM 23796954 ER PT J AU Edmunds, DS Shelby, R James, A Steele, L Baker, M Perez, YV TallBear, K AF Edmunds, David S. Shelby, Ryan James, Angela Steele, Lenora Baker, Michelle Perez, Yael Valerie TallBear, Kim TI Tribal Housing, Codesign, and Cultural Sovereignty SO SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY & HUMAN VALUES LA English DT Article DE democratization of science; codesign; cultural sovereignty; Native American housing ID INNOVATION; PERSPECTIVE; QUESTION; SYSTEMS AB The authors assess the collaboration between the University of California, Berkeley's Community Assessment of Renewable Energy and Sustainability program and the Pinoleville Pomo Nation, a small Native American tribal nation in northern California. The collaboration focused on creating culturally inspired, environmentally sustainable housing for tribal citizens using a codesign methodology developed at the university. The housing design process is evaluated in terms of both its contribution to Native American cultural sovereignty, as elaborated by Coffey and Tsosie, and as a potential example of the democratization of scientific practice. C1 [Edmunds, David S.; TallBear, Kim] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management ESPM, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Shelby, Ryan; Perez, Yael Valerie] Univ Calif Berkeley, Community Assessment Renewable Energy & Sustainab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [James, Angela; Steele, Lenora] Pinoleville Pomo Nation, Ukiah, CA USA. [Baker, Michelle] US EPA, Off Pollut Prevent & Solid Waste, San Francisco, CA USA. RP TallBear, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management ESPM, 130 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kimberly.tallbear@berkeley.edu NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 18 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0162-2439 J9 SCI TECHNOL HUM VAL JI Sci. Technol. Hum. Values PD NOV PY 2013 VL 38 IS 6 BP 801 EP 828 DI 10.1177/0162243913490812 PG 28 WC Social Issues SC Social Issues GA 224TF UT WOS:000324911600004 ER PT J AU Macpherson, AJ Principe, PP Mehaffey, M AF Macpherson, Alexander J. Principe, Peter P. Mehaffey, Megan TI Using Malmquist Indices to evaluate environmental impacts of alternative land development scenarios SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Data envelopment analysis; Environmental impact assessment; Environmental performance; Environmental planning; Malmquist Index ID DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS; FIRED POWER-PLANTS; PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH; UNDESIRABLE OUTPUTS; ASSESSMENTS; PERFORMANCE; EMISSIONS; VARIABLES; ENERGY; DEA AB The degree to which regions can produce desirable socioeconomic and environmental outcomes while consuming fewer resources and producing fewer undesirable outcomes can be viewed as measure of productivity. Economists have frequently used Malmquist Indices to evaluate intertemporal productivity changes of economic entities, such as firms and countries. We use Malmquist Indices to evaluate the predicted environmental performance of the rapidly growing Charlotte, NC, metropolitan area under alternative future land use scenarios. These scenarios project population, urban development, and environmental impacts from the base year 2000 to the year 2030 within the region's 184 watersheds. The first scenario is based on a continuation of current growth trends and patterns ("Business as Usual" or BAU). The second scenario uses compact "smart growth" development ("Compact Centers" or CC). We use data envelopment analysis (DEA) to estimate Malmquist Indices, which in this case, combine multiple variables into a single indicator that measures the relative impact of different development patterns on the consumption of natural resources. The results predict that the CC scenario maintains the region's current productivity, while the BAU scenario results in lower productivity. As watersheds in the study area are about the same size, weighting the results by area makes little difference. Watershed populations, however, vary greatly, and our results predict that watersheds with higher population densities also have higher Malmquist Index efficiencies. The model also predicts that low population watersheds will benefit more from the CC scenario. While the application of these analytical techniques in this case study is limited in scope, the results demonstrate that the Malmquist Index is a potentially powerful tool for interdisciplinary environmental impact analysis Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Macpherson, Alexander J.] US EPA, Off Air & Radiat C439 02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Principe, Peter P.; Mehaffey, Megan] US EPA, Off Res & Dev E243 05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Macpherson, AJ (reprint author), US EPA, Off Air & Radiat C439 02, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM macpherson.alex@epa.gov; principe.peter@epa.gov; mehaffey.megan@epa.gov NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 55 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 34 BP 296 EP 303 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.05.009 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 210UR UT WOS:000323860700032 ER PT J AU Jagai, JS Rosenbaum, BJ Pierson, SM Messer, LC Rappazzo, K Naumova, EN Lobdell, DT AF Jagai, Jyotsna S. Rosenbaum, Barbara J. Pierson, Suzanne M. Messer, Lynne C. Rappazzo, Kristen Naumova, Elena N. Lobdell, Danelle T. TI Putting Regulatory Data to Work at the Service of Public Health: Utilizing Data Collected Under the Clean Water Act SO WATER QUALITY EXPOSURE AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Clean water act; Drinking water; Recreational water; Gastrointestinal infection; Mixed effects model ID AGRICULTURAL PESTICIDE APPLICATIONS; HOSPITAL-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS; DRINKING-WATER; GASTROINTESTINAL ILLNESS; UNITED-STATES; MATERNAL RESIDENCE; RECREATIONAL WATER; AIR-POLLUTION; TURBIDITY; PHILADELPHIA AB Under the Clean Water Act, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) collects information from states on intended use and impairment of each water body. We explore the feasibility of using these data, collected for regulatory purposes, for public health analyses. Combining EPA impairment data and stream hydrology information we estimated the percent of stream length impaired for any use, recreational use, or drinking water use per county in the US as exposure variables. For health outcomes we abstracted county-level hospitalization rates of gastrointestinal infections, GI (ICD-9CM 001-009 excluding 008.45) and gastrointestinal symptoms, GS (ICD-9CM 558.9, 787) among US adults aged 65 years and older from the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (1991-2004). Linear mixed-effects models were used to assess county-level associations between percent impaired waters and hospitalization rates adjusted for population density, a proxy for person-to-person transmission. Contrary to expectation, both GI and GS were negatively associated with any water impairment in adjusted models (GI: -0.052, 95 % CI: -0.077, -0.028; GS: -0.438, 95 % CI: -0.702, -0.174). GI was also negatively associated with recreational water impairment (-0.079, 95 % CI: -0.123, -0.036 after adjustment). Neither outcome was associated with drinking water impairment. Limited state data were reported to the EPA for specific recreational (27 states) and drinking (13 states) water impairment, thus limiting the power of the study. Though limited, this analysis demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing regulatory data for public health analyses. C1 [Jagai, Jyotsna S.; Lobdell, Danelle T.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rosenbaum, Barbara J.; Pierson, Suzanne M.] Innovate Inc, Alexandria, VA USA. [Messer, Lynne C.] Duke Univ, Ctr Hlth Policy & Inequal Res, Durham, NC USA. [Rappazzo, Kristen] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Naumova, Elena N.] Tufts Univ, Sch Engn, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA. RP Jagai, JS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, MD 58A, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM jagai.jyotsna@epa.gov; lobdell.danelle@epa.gov FU Innovate!, Inc.; EPA Cooperative Agreement with the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill [CR83323601]; Office of Research and Development (ORD), US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); [WCF DP26H0001]; [EP09D000003] FX The Office of Research and Development (ORD), US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), partially funded the research with Innovate!, Inc. and L.C. Messer (Contracts WCF DP26H0001 and EP09D000003) and under EPA Cooperative Agreement with the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (CR83323601) and an appointment to the Research Participation Program for the US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and EPA. The authors would also like to thank Joel Hansel, EPA Region 4, and Andrey Egorov, World Health Organization, for their help in the initial phases of this project. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-1658 EI 1876-1666 J9 WATER QUAL EXPOS HEA JI Water Qual. Expos. Health PD NOV PY 2013 VL 5 IS 3 BP 117 EP 125 DI 10.1007/s12403-013-0095-1 PG 9 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA AT2JY UT WOS:000344762100002 ER PT J AU Ducharme, NA Peterson, LE Benfenati, E Reif, D McCollum, CW Gustaffson, JA Bondesson, M AF Ducharme, Nicole A. Peterson, Leif E. Benfenati, Emilio Reif, David McCollum, Catherine W. Gustaffson, Jan-Ake Bondesson, Maria TI Meta-analysis of toxicity and teratogenicity of 133 chemicals from zebrafish developmental toxicity studies SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Developmental toxicity; Zebrafish; ToxPi; Teratogen; Meta-analysis ID PHASE-I; MODEL; ASSAY; DESCRIPTORS; VALIDATION; PREDICTION; FISH; BCF AB Zebrafish developmental toxicity testing is an emerging field, which faces considerable challenges regarding data meta-analysis and the establishment of standardized test protocols. Here, we present an initial correlation study on toxicity of 133 chemicals based on data in the literature to ascertain predictive developmental toxicity endpoints. We found that the physical properties of chemicals (BCF or log P) did not fully predict lethality or developmental outcomes. Instead, individual outcomes such as pericardial edema and yolk sac edema were more reliable indicators of developmental toxicity. In addition, we ranked the chemicals based on toxicity with the Toxicological Priority Index (ToxPi) program and via a teratogenic ratio, and found that perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) had the highest ToxPi score, triphenyltin acetate had the highest average ToxPi score (corrected for missing data and having more than 4 outcomes), and N-methyl-dithiocarbamate had the highest teratogenic ratio. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Ducharme, Nicole A.; McCollum, Catherine W.; Gustaffson, Jan-Ake; Bondesson, Maria] Univ Houston, Ctr Nucl Receptors & Cell Signaling, Dept Biol & Biochem, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Gustaffson, Jan-Ake] Karolinska Inst, Dept Biosci & Nutr, S-14183 Huddinge, Sweden. [Peterson, Leif E.] Methodist Hosp, Res Inst, Ctr Biostat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Benfenati, Emilio] Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Milan, Italy. [Reif, David] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Bondesson, M (reprint author), Univ Houston, Ctr Nucl Receptors & Cell Signaling, 3605 Cullen Blvd,Sci & Engn Res Ctr Bldg 545, Houston, TX 77204 USA. EM mbondessonbolin@uh.edu OI McCollum, Catherine/0000-0002-2238-803X; Peterson, Leif/0000-0002-1187-0883; Reif, David/0000-0001-7815-6767 FU Environmental Protection Agency [R834289]; Texas Emerging Technology Fund [300-9-1958]; Robert A Welch Foundation [E-0004] FX This study was supported by grants from the Environmental Protection Agency (grant number R834289), the Texas Emerging Technology Fund under Agreement 300-9-1958 and the Robert A Welch Foundation (E-0004). NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 53 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 41 SI SI BP 98 EP 108 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2013.06.070 PG 11 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA 208OY UT WOS:000323690200011 PM 23796950 ER PT J AU Henry, HF Burken, JG Maier, RM Newman, LA Rock, S Schnoor, JL Suk, WA AF Henry, Heather F. Burken, Joel G. Maier, Raina M. Newman, Lee A. Rock, Steven Schnoor, Jerald L. Suk, William A. TI Phytotechnologies Preventing Exposures, Improving Public Health SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th Annual Conference, International Phytotechnology Society, Putting Plants to Work, Where We Live, Labor, Breathe, and Play CY SEP 13-16, 2011 CL Portland, OR DE phytotechnologies; sustainability; exposure prevention; primary prevention; public health; airborne pollution; water contamination; food safety; developing countries ID SOIL; DENDROCHEMISTRY; REMEDIATION; PHYTOSTABILIZATION; CONTAMINANTS; TAILINGS AB Phytotechnologies have potential to reduce the amount or toxicity of deleterious chemicals and agents, and thereby, can reduce human exposures to hazardous substances. As such, phytotechnologies are tools for primary prevention in public health. Recent research demonstrates phytotechnologies can be uniquely tailored for effective exposure prevention in a variety of applications. In addition to exposure prevention, plants can be used as sensors to identify environmental contamination and potential exposures. In this paper, we have presented applications and research developments in a framework to illustrate how phytotechnologies can meet basic public health needs for access to clean water, air, and food. Because communities can often integrate plant-based technologies at minimal cost and with low infrastructure needs, the use of these technologies can be applied broadly to minimize potential contaminant exposure and improve environmental quality. These natural treatment systems also provide valuable ecosystem services to communities and society. In the future, integrating and coordinating phytotechnology activities with public health research will allow technology development focused on prevention of environmental exposures to toxic compounds. Hence, phytotechnologies may provide sustainable solutions to environmental exposure challenges, improving public health and potentially reducing the burden of disease. C1 [Henry, Heather F.; Suk, William A.] NIEHS, Superfund Res Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Burken, Joel G.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Rolla, MO USA. [Maier, Raina M.] Univ Arizona, Ctr Environm Sustainable Min, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ USA. [Newman, Lee A.] SUNY Syracuse, Coll Environm Sci & Technol, Syracuse, NY USA. [Rock, Steven] US EPA, Remediat & Contaminant Branch, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Schnoor, Jerald L.] Univ Iowa, Coll Engn, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Henry, HF (reprint author), NIEHS, Superfund Res Program, POB 12233 K 304, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM henryh@niehs.nih.gov RI Burken, Joel /C-2099-2016 OI Burken, Joel /0000-0002-7774-5364 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) FX This manuscript is based on a series of presentations and breakout sessions linking human health and phytotechnologies initiated at the 2009 International Phytotechnologies Society Conference in St. Louis, MO, USA. 2011 Health Sessions: Tracy Punshon, Dartmouth College; Raina M. Maier, University of Arizona; Stanislaw Gawronski, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland; Mackenzie J. Denyes, The Royal Military College of Canada; Lee Newman, SUNY - ESF; Heather Henry, NIEHS; 2010 Health Sessions: Joel G. Burken, Missouri University of Science and Technology; Steven Rock, USEPA; Jerald L. Schnoor, University of Iowa; Jean-Christophe Balouet, Environment International; Lee A Newman, SUNY-ESF; Nelson Marmiroli, University of Parma; Peter Schroder, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen (Marimoli 2012). 2009 Health Plenary: William A. Suk, NIEHS. These sessions were funded, in part, by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Superfund Research Program (SRP) which advances its mission to reduce the public health burden of hazardous substances through interdisciplinary research. This paper is not intended to be a comprehensive review; rather, the phytotechnology research presented herein are examples to illustrate the linkages of plant-based remediation to primary prevention in the context of public health. The authors would like to thank Jason White, Thaddeus Schug, Kimberly Thigpen-Tart, Mary Lou Guerinot, and Payal Chokshi for their assistance in editing and formatting (PC) this document. This article may be the work product of an employee or group of employees of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), however, the statements, opinions or conclusions contained therein do not necessarily represent the statements, opinions or conclusions of NIEHS, NIH or the United States government. NR 45 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 223 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-6514 EI 1549-7879 J9 INT J PHYTOREMEDIAT JI Int. J. Phytoremediat. PD OCT 21 PY 2013 VL 15 IS 9 SI SI BP 889 EP 899 DI 10.1080/15226514.2012.760521 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 097NJ UT WOS:000315480500006 PM 23819283 ER PT J AU Moser, VC Phillips, PM McDaniel, KL Zehr, RD MacMillan, DK MacPhail, RC AF Moser, Virginia C. Phillips, Pamela M. McDaniel, Katherine L. Zehr, Robert D. MacMillan, Denise K. MacPhail, Robert C. TI CARBARYL AND 1-NAPHTHOL TISSUE LEVELS AND RELATED CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION IN MALE BROWN NORWAY RATS FROM PREWEANING TO SENESCENCE SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article ID ASSESSING CHILDRENS RISKS; GENE-EXPRESSION; PHARMACOKINETIC/PHARMACODYNAMIC MODEL; ANTICHOLINESTERASE INSECTICIDES; PHARMACOKINETIC DIFFERENCES; AGE; METABOLISM; CYTOCHROME-P450; SENSITIVITY; TOXICOKINETICS AB Studies incorporating both toxicokinetic and dynamic factors provide insight into chemical sensitivity differences across the life span. Tissue (brain, plasma, liver) levels of the N-methyl carbamate carbaryl, and its metabolite 1-naphthol, were determined and related to brain and RBC cholinesterase (ChE) inhibition in the same animals. Dose-response (3, 7.5, 15, or 22.5 mg/kg, 40-45 min postdosing) and time course (3 or 15 mg/kg at 30, 60, 120, or 240 min postdosing) of acute effects of carbaryl (oral gavage) in preweanling (postnatal day [PND] 18) and adult male Brown Norway rats from adolescence to senescence (1, 4, 12, 24 mo) were compared. At all ages there were dose-related increases in carbaryl and 1-naphthol in the dose-response study, and the time-course study showed highest carbaryl levels at 30 min postdosing. There were, however, age-related differences in that the 1- and 4-mo rats showed the lowest levels of carbaryl and 1-naphthol, and PND18 and 24-mo rats had similar, higher levels. The fastest clearance (shortest half-lives) was observed in 1- and 4-mo rats. Carbaryl levels were generally higher than 1-naphthol in brain and plasma, but in liver, 1-naphthol levels were similar to or greater than carbaryl. Brain ChE inhibition closely tracked brain carbaryl concentrations regardless of the time after dosing, but there was more variability in the relationship between RBC ChE and plasma carbaryl levels. Within-subject analyses suggested somewhat more brain ChE inhibition at lower carbaryl levels only in the PND18 rats. These findings may reflect maturation followed by decline in kinetic factors over the life span. C1 [Moser, Virginia C.; Phillips, Pamela M.; McDaniel, Katherine L.; MacPhail, Robert C.] US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Zehr, Robert D.; MacMillan, Denise K.] US EPA, Analyt Chem Res Core, Res Cores Unit, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Moser, VC (reprint author), US EPA, MD B105-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Moser.ginger@epa.gov NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 EI 1087-2620 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PD OCT 18 PY 2013 VL 76 IS 20 BP 1151 EP 1167 DI 10.1080/15287394.2013.844751 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 257FS UT WOS:000327369600003 PM 24279816 ER PT J AU Shrestha, B Acosta-Martinez, V Cox, SB Green, MJ Li, S Canas-Carrell, JE AF Shrestha, Babina Acosta-Martinez, Veronica Cox, Stephen B. Green, Micah J. Li, Shibin Canas-Carrell, Jaclyn E. TI An evaluation of the impact of multiwalled carbon nanotubes on soil microbial community structure and functioning SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Nanomaterials; MWNTs; Soil microbial community; Risk assessment; Pyrosequencing ID HYDROCARBON-DEGRADING BACTERIA; HEAVY-METAL CONTAMINATION; FATTY-ACIDS; CROPPING SYSTEMS; SCOTT BASE; NANOMATERIALS; BIOMASS; NANOPARTICLES; DIVERSITY; DEGRADATION AB This study evaluated the impacts of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) on microbial community composition and functioning in a sandy loam soil over 90 d. We used test concentrations in the range of lower MWNT concentrations (10 mg/kg) to extremely high MWNT concentrations (10,000 mg/kg) as a worst case scenario. We observed no effects of MWNTs on soil respiration, enzymatic activities, and microbial community composition at 10, 100 and 1000 mg/kg. However, increases in fungal fatty acid methyl ester markers were observed at the highest treatment. In addition, pyroseguencing demonstrated a decreased abundance of some bacterial genera like Derxia, Holophaga, Opitutus and Waddlia at the highest treatment while bacterial genera that are considered potential degraders of recalcitrant contaminants (such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) like Rhodococcus, Cellulomonas, Nocardioides and Pseudomonas increased. These results suggest a shift in soil microbial community composition to more tolerant microbial populations in the presence of extremely high MWNT concentrations. It is unlikely that the change observed at 10,000 mg/kg is due to metal or carbon impurities as the MWNTs used in this study were of high purity. Given the need for wide-ranging data for regulation and risk assessment of nanomaterials, this study provides valuable data. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Shrestha, Babina; Canas-Carrell, Jaclyn E.] Texas Tech Univ, TIEHH, Dept Environm Toxicol, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Acosta-Martinez, Veronica] USDA ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Unit, Lubbock, TX 79401 USA. [Green, Micah J.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Cox, Stephen B.] Res & Testing Lab, Lubbock, TX USA. [Li, Shibin] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. RP Canas-Carrell, JE (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, TIEHH, Dept Environm Toxicol, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM jaclyn.e.canas@ttu.edu RI Green, Micah/C-7647-2011 OI Green, Micah/0000-0001-5691-0861 NR 93 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 64 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 EI 1873-3336 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 261 BP 188 EP 197 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.07.031 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 268NJ UT WOS:000328177300023 PM 23921182 ER PT J AU Evans, AM Wright, JM Meyer, A Rivera-Nunez, Z AF Evans, Amanda M. Wright, J. Michael Meyer, Amy Rivera-Nunez, Zorimar TI Spatial variation of disinfection by-product concentrations: Exposure assessment implications SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Exposure misclassification; Bias; Exposure measurement error; Brominated trihalomethanes; Haloacetic acids; Environmental epidemiology; Intra-system variability ID FOR-GESTATIONAL-AGE; WATER DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEM; DRINKING-WATER; BIRTH-WEIGHT; TRIHALOMETHANE EXPOSURE; SPONTANEOUS-ABORTION; FETAL-GROWTH; TAP WATER; VARIABILITY; PREGNANCY AB The use of public water system (PWS) average trihalomethane (THM) and haloacetic acid (HAA) concentrations as surrogates of "personal" exposures in epidemiological studies of disinfection by-products (DBPs) may result in exposure misclassification bias from various sources of measurement error including intra-system variation of DBPs. Using 2000-2004 data from 107 PWSs in Massachusetts, we assessed two approaches for characterizing DBP spatial variability by identifying PWSs with low spatial variability (LSV) and examining differences in LSV across DBP groups and by type of source water and primary disinfectant. We also used spatial differences to examine the association between THM concentrations and indices of social disadvantage; however, we found no correlations or statistically significant differences based on the available data. We observed similar patterns for the percentage of quarterly sampling dates with LSV across different types of source water for all DBPs but not across disinfectants. We found there was little overlap between sites classified as having LSV across different DBP groups. In the main analysis, we found moderate correlations between both approaches (phi(THM4) = 0.55; phi(BrTHM) = 0.64; phi(HAA5) = 0.67); although Method 1 (based on concentration differences between samples) may be better - suited for identifying PWSs for inclusion in epidemiological studies because it is more easily adapted to study-specific exposure gradients than Method 2 (based on categorical exposure percentiles). These data reinforce the need to consider different exposure assessment approaches when examining the spatial variation of multiple DBP surrogates as they can represent different DBP mixtures. (C)n2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Evans, Amanda M.; Meyer, Amy] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Wright, J. Michael] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Rivera-Nunez, Zorimar] CNR, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Evans, AM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, 26 West Martin Luther King Blvd MS-A110, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM evans.amandam@epa.gov; wright.michael@epa.gov; meyer-anxu@gmail.com; znunez@wustl.edu FU Research Participation Program at the National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) FX The authors would like to thank the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection offices, the Massachusetts Water Resource Authority, and other public water utilities for their assistance with the data collection efforts. This project was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and EPA. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the EPA. NR 56 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 40 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 16 BP 6130 EP 6140 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.07.032 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 251EG UT WOS:000326910000017 PM 23993731 ER PT J AU Liu, XY Chen, GX Erwin, JG Adam, NK Su, CM AF Liu, Xuyang Chen, Gexin Erwin, Justin G. Adam, Nadia K. Su, Chunming TI Release of phosphorous impurity from TiO2 anatase and rutile nanoparticles in aquatic environments and its implications SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE TiO2 nanoparticles; Phosphorus; Impurity; Release; XANES; Nanomaterial synthesis ID TITANIUM-DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES; METAL-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; PHOSPHATE ADSORPTION; CARBON NANOTUBES; AGGREGATION; NANOMATERIALS; STABILITY; DISSOLUTION; DEPOSITION; TRANSPORT AB Phosphorus-bearing materials as an additive have been popularly used in nanomaterial synthesis and the residual phosphorus within the nanoparticles (NPs) can be of an environmental concern. For instance, phosphorus within pristine commercial TiO2 NPs greatly influences the surface charge and aggregation behavior of the host TiO2 in aquatic environments; however, it is unknown whether and how fast phosphorus is released. In this study, we focus on the phosphorus release kinetics from five types of TiO2 NPs (i.e., 5, 10, and 50 nm anatase and 10 x 40, 30 x 40 nm ruffle) under the influence of varying solution chemistries. The 50 nm anatase has the highest quantity of P (8.05 g/kg) and most leachable P dissolves within the first 2 h (i.e., 5.01 g/kg), which presents a potential pollutant source of P. Higher pH favors the phosphorus release (release order: pH 11.2> pH 8.2 > pH 2.4), while variations in the environmentally relevant ionic strengths (0.01 M NaC1 + 0.01 M NaHCO3 and 0.04 M NaCl + 0.01 M NaHCO3) and the presence of dissolved natural organic matter (10 mg/L) do not affect release rate greatly. X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure results suggest that phosphate adsorbed on the pristine 50 nm anatase desorbs, and some dissolved phosphate again re-sorbs as a surface precipitate. The findings from this research may have important environmental implications such as accidental release of TiO2 NPs and other nanomaterials that are synthesized using phosphorus containing chemicals as an ingredient. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu, Xuyang; Chen, Gexin] CNR, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Erwin, Justin G.] E Cent Univ, Coll Hlth & Sci, Dept Chem, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Adam, Nadia K.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Geol & Geophys, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Su, Chunming] US EPA, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP Liu, XY (reprint author), CNR, 919 Kerr Res Dr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM liux@seas.wustl.edu; su.chunming@epa.gov FU National Nanotechnology Initiative through the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) FX This study was funded by the National Nanotechnology Initiative through the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). It has not been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and, therefore, does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. We acknowledge Ms. Theresa Marie Reeves for her laboratory assistance through the McNair Scholars Internship Program. The X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure study was conducted at Synchrotron Radiation Center (SRC) of the University of Wisconsin-Madison. We thank the editor and three anonymous reviewers for their help in improving the quality of this work. NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 46 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 16 BP 6149 EP 6156 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.07.034 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 251EG UT WOS:000326910000019 PM 24050683 ER PT J AU Pandya, AA Yakel, JL AF Pandya, Anshul A. Yakel, Jerrel L. TI Effects of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor allosteric modulators in animal behavior studies SO BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Allosteric modulation; animal behavioral studies; cognition; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor; pain; positive allosteric modulators ID BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; 4 BETA 2; ACH RECEPTOR; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; CA2+ PERMEABILITY; RAT HIPPOCAMPAL; TRANSMEMBRANE SITE; COGNITIVE FUNCTION; XENOPUS OOCYTES; PAIN MODELS AB Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are ligand-gated cation-conducting transmembrane channels from the cys-loop receptor superfamily. The neuronal subtypes of these receptors (e.g. the alpha 7 and alpha 4 beta 2 subtypes) are involved in neurobehavioral processes such as anxiety, the central processing of pain, food intake, nicotine seeking behavior, and a number of cognitive functions like learning and memory. Neuronal nAChR dysfunction is involved in the pathophysiology of many neurological disorders, and behavioral studies in animals are useful models to assess the effects of compounds that act on these receptors. Allosteric modulators are ligands that bind to the receptors at sites other than the orthosteric site where acetylcholine, the endogenous agonist for the nAChRs, binds. While conventional ligands for the neuronal nAChRs have been studied for their behavioral effects in animals, allosteric modulators for these receptors have only recently gained attention, and research on their behavioral effects is growing rapidly. Here we will discuss the behavioral effects of allosteric modulators of the neuronal nAChRs. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Pandya, Anshul A.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Coll Rural & Community Dev, Dept Biosci, Kotzebue, AK 99752 USA. [Yakel, Jerrel L.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Neurobiol Lab, Natl Inst Hlth, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Yakel, JL (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Neurobiol Lab, Natl Inst Hlth, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM aapandya@alaska.edu; yakel@niehs.nih.gov FU Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH FX We would like to thank and acknowledge the contributions of Drs. Christian Erxleben and Serena Dudek for their help in the review of the manuscript. Participants in this research review are supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH. NR 126 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0006-2952 EI 1873-2968 J9 BIOCHEM PHARMACOL JI Biochem. Pharmacol. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 86 IS 8 SI SI BP 1054 EP 1062 DI 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.05.018 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 239FC UT WOS:000326007000003 PM 23732296 ER PT J AU Snyder, EG Watkins, TH Solomon, PA Thoma, ED Williams, RW Hagler, GSW Shelow, D Hindin, DA Kilaru, VJ Preuss, PW AF Snyder, Emily G. Watkins, Timothy H. Solomon, Paul A. Thoma, Eben D. Williams, Ronald W. Hagler, Gayle S. W. Shelow, David Hindin, David A. Kilaru, Vasu J. Preuss, Peter W. TI The Changing Paradigm of Air Pollution Monitoring SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID PARTICLES; ROADWAYS; EXPOSURE; QUALITY; IMPACTS C1 [Snyder, Emily G.; Watkins, Timothy H.; Thoma, Eben D.; Williams, Ronald W.; Hagler, Gayle S. W.; Kilaru, Vasu J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Solomon, Paul A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Shelow, David] US EPA, Off Air & Radiat, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hindin, David A.] US EPA, Off Enforcement & Compliance Assurance, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Preuss, Peter W.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Snyder, EG (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM snyder.emily@epa.gov NR 32 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 7 U2 97 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 20 BP 11369 EP 11377 DI 10.1021/es4022602 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 240UQ UT WOS:000326123600001 PM 23980922 ER PT J AU Feng, CL Wu, FC Mu, YS Meng, W Dyer, SD Fan, M Raimondo, S Barron, MG AF Feng, Chenglian Wu, Fengchang Mu, Yunsong Meng, Wei Dyer, Scott D. Fan, Ming Raimondo, Sandy Barron, Mace G. TI Interspecies Correlation Estimation-Applications in Water Quality Criteria and Ecological Risk Assessment SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID ESTIMATION MODELS C1 [Feng, Chenglian; Wu, Fengchang; Mu, Yunsong; Meng, Wei] Chinese Res Inst Environm Sci, State Key Lab Environm Criteria & Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. [Dyer, Scott D.; Fan, Ming] Procter & Gamble Co, Global Product Stewardship, Mason Business Ctr, Mason, OH 45040 USA. [Raimondo, Sandy; Barron, Mace G.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Wu, FC (reprint author), Chinese Res Inst Environm Sci, State Key Lab Environm Criteria & Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. EM wufengchang@vip.skleg.cn NR 5 TC 2 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 41 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 20 BP 11382 EP 11383 DI 10.1021/es403933f PG 2 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 240UQ UT WOS:000326123600004 PM 24093780 ER PT J AU Osemwengie, LI Sovocool, GW AF Osemwengie, L. I. Sovocool, G. W. TI The mass spectrometric ortho effect studied for all 209 PCB congeners SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE PCBs; Ortho effect; GC x GC; Time-of-flight; Mass spectrometry; PCB congeners; TOFMS; Ortho chlorines; Polychlorinated biphenyls ID POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS; CAPILLARY GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; INTERNAL BARRIERS; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ELECTRON-IMPACT; AROCLOR-PCB; DECHLORINATION; ROTATION; 3,3'-DICHLOROBIPHENYL; DIFFERENTIATION AB Available standards provided an opportunity to test all 209 PCB congeners for their mass spectrometric ortho effects, i.e., the percent enhancement of the [M-Cl](+) ion abundances, relative to the molecular ion [M center dot+] abundances for PCB congeners having chlorines in the 2,2'- and 2,2',6-substituted positions. This work confirmed substantial ortho effects for 84 congeners from di- to nona-chlorinated PCBs. The ortho effect values calculated as ([M-Cl](+)/[M center dot+] x 100) ranged from 17% to 94%. This study also found that much smaller ortho effects were observed for PCBs with four ortho chlorines (2,2',6,6'-substitution), for two ortho chlorines on the same ring (2,6-substitution), and for one ortho chlorine (2-substitution), or no ortho chlorines. The ortho effect was also shown to increase for 3- or meta-substitution, increase by a smaller amount for 5-substitution, and decrease considerably for 4- or para-substitution on the biphenyl ring. Mechanistic implications were discussed. Comparison with the NIST 08 and NIST 05 Mass Spectral Libraries showed similar trends, with a few exceptions, that established the value of the ortho effect for proofing library entries. Gas chromatographic studies confirmed previously recognized chromatographic ortho effects on elution and ring substitution/retention order correlations. The order of elution was combined with the measured mass spectrometric ortho effects to test the combination as an additional PCB isomer distinguishing tool for environmental analysis, standards verification, and library proofing. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Osemwengie, L. I.; Sovocool, G. W.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Div Environm Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Osemwengie, LI (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 93478, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. EM Osemwengie.Lantis@epa.gov FU The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), through its Office of Research and Development (ORD) FX The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), through its Office of Research and Development (ORD), funded and performed the research described. This paper has been subjected to EPA's peer and administrative review and has been approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this paper does not constitute endorsement or recommendation by the EPA. NR 60 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3806 EI 1873-2798 J9 INT J MASS SPECTROM JI Int. J. Mass Spectrom. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 352 BP 51 EP 64 DI 10.1016/j.ijms.2013.07.003 PG 14 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA 236WP UT WOS:000325830500007 ER PT J AU Bezawada, J Hoang, NV More, TT Yan, S Tyagi, N Tyagi, RD Surampalli, RY AF Bezawada, J. Hoang, N. V. More, T. T. Yan, S. Tyagi, N. Tyagi, R. D. Surampalli, R. Y. TI Production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) by Serratia sp.1 using wastewater sludge as raw material and flocculation activity of the EPS produced SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE EPS production; Fermentation; Flocculation activity; Serratia growth profile; Wastewater sludge; CST ID ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; KLEBSIELLA SP; BACILLUS SP; DEWATERABILITY; BIOFLOCCULANT; SETTLEABILITY; PRETREATMENT; MECHANISMS; FILTRATION; BIOSOLIDS AB Growth profile and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production of Serratia sp.1 was studied in shake flask fermentation for 72 h using wastewater sludge as raw material. Maximum cell concentration of 6.7 x 10(9) cfu/mL was obtained at 48 h fermentation time. EPS dry weight, flocculation activity and dewaterability of different EPS (tightly bound or TB-EPS, loosely bound or LB-EPS and broth-EPS or B-EPS) were also measured. The highest concentration of LB-EPS (2.45 g/L) and TB-EPS (0.99 g/L) were attained at 48 h of fermentation. Maximum flocculation activity and dewaterability (ACST) of TB-EPS (76.4%, 14.5s and 76.5%, 15.5s), LB-EPS (67.8%, 8.1s and 64.7%, 7.6s) and broth EPS (61%, 6.1s and 70.4%, 6.8s) were obtained at 36 and 48 h of growth. Higher flocculation activity and dewaterability were achieved with TB-EPS than with the two other EPS. Characterization of TB-EPS and LB-EPS was done in terms of their protein and carbohydrate content. Protein content was much higher in TB-EPS where as carbohydrate content was only slightly higher in TB-EPS than LB-EPS. Morphology of the Serratia strain after fermentation in sludge and TSB was observed under a scanning electron microscope and the cell size was found to be bigger in the sludge medium than the TSB medium. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bezawada, J.; More, T. T.; Yan, S.; Tyagi, R. D.] Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Hoang, N. V.] IET VAST, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Tyagi, N.] CUNY, Baruch Coll, New York, NY 10010 USA. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM tyagi@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [A4984]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Canada Research Chair) FX The authors are sincerely thankful to Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grants A4984, and Canada Research Chair) for financial support. The views and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors. NR 45 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 56 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD OCT 15 PY 2013 VL 128 BP 83 EP 91 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.04.039 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 241YA UT WOS:000326203400010 PM 23722177 ER PT J AU Pacella, SR Lebreton, B Richard, P Phillips, D DeWitt, TH Niquil, N AF Pacella, Stephen R. Lebreton, Benoit Richard, Pierre Phillips, Donald DeWitt, Theodore H. Niquil, Nathalie TI Incorporation of diet information derived from Bayesian stable isotope mixing models into mass-balanced marine ecosystem models: A case study from the Marennes-Oleron Estuary, France SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Ecological model; Stable isotope; Inverse analysis; Food web; Seagrass ID ECOLOGICAL NETWORK ANALYSIS; PLANKTONIC FOOD-WEB; INVERSE ANALYSIS; BROUAGE MUDFLAT; AIGUILLON COVE; FLOW; UNCERTAINTY; CALIFORNIA; DYNAMICS; ECOPATH AB We investigated the use of output from Bayesian stable isotope mixing models as constraints for a linear inverse food web model of a temperate intertidal seagrass system in the Marennes-Oleron Bay, France. Linear inverse modeling (LIM) is a technique that estimates a complete network of flows in an under-determined system using a combination of site-specific data and relevant literature data. This estimation of complete flow networks of food webs in marine ecosystems is becoming more recognized for its utility in understanding ecosystem functioning. However, diets and consumption rates of organisms are often difficult or impossible to accurately and reliably measure in the field, resulting in a large amount of uncertainty in the magnitude of consumption flows and resource partitioning in ecosystems. In order to address this issue, this study utilized stable isotope data to help aid in estimating these unknown flows. delta C-13 and delta N-15 isotope data of consumers and producers in the Marennes-Oleron seagrass system was used in Bayesian mixing models. The output of these mixing models was then translated as inequality constraints (minimum and maximum of relative diet contributions) into an inverse analysis model of the seagrass ecosystem. The objective of this study was to investigate how the addition of diet information gained from the stable isotope mixing models would help constrain a linear inverse food web model. In order to investigate this, two inverse food web models were built to track the flow of carbon through the seagrass food web on an annual basis, with units of mgC m(-2) d(-1). The first model (Traditional LIM) included all available data, with the exception of the diet constraints formed from the stable isotope mixing models. The second model (Isotope LIM) was identical to the Traditional LIM, but included the Bayesian mixing model diet constraints. Both models were identical in structure, and intended to model the same Marennes-Oleron intertidal seagrass bed. Each model consisted of 27 compartments (24 living and 3 detrital) and 175 flows. Comparisons between the outputs of the models showed the addition of the Bayesian mixing model-derived isotopic diet constraints further constrained the solution range of all food web flows on average by 26%. Flows that were directly affected by an isotopic diet constraint were 45% further constrained on average. These results showed that incorporation of the isotope information resulted in a more constrained food web model, and demonstrated the benefit of utilizing multi-tracer stable isotope information in ecosystem models. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pacella, Stephen R.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Pacella, Stephen R.; Phillips, Donald; DeWitt, Theodore H.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Lebreton, Benoit; Richard, Pierre; Niquil, Nathalie] Univ Rochelle CNRS, UMR 6250, Littoral Environm & Soc LIENSs, F-17000 La Rochelle, France. RP Pacella, SR (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, 104 Wilkinson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM spacella@coas.oregonstate.edu RI Niquil, Nathalie/N-2561-2013; Niquil, Nathalie/C-8233-2009; Lebreton, Benoit/N-6488-2014; Richard, Pierre/N-6482-2014 OI Lebreton, Benoit/0000-0001-8802-2287; Richard, Pierre/0000-0002-0393-9967 FU European research programs PNEC/EC2CO (project COMPECO); European research programs PNEC/EC2CO (project ORIQUART); Region Poitou Charentes through the CPER program FX The present study was done in partial fulfillment of a M.S. degree by Stephen R. Pacella through Oregon State University. The study was carried out at the University of La Rochelle, France and Oregon State University, United States, and partially funded by the European research programs PNEC/EC2CO (projects COMPECO and ORIQUART) and the Region Poitou Charentes through the CPER program. We are grateful to all of our colleagues who made data available and helped with the modeling process, including Boutheina Grami, Blanche Saint-Beat, and Geoffrey R. Hosack. This document has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflects the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 50 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 54 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD OCT 10 PY 2013 VL 267 BP 127 EP 137 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2013.07.018 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 221KA UT WOS:000324656600012 ER PT J AU Paul, KB Hedge, JM Macherla, C Filer, DL Burgess, E Simmons, SO Crofton, KM Hornung, MW AF Paul, Katie B. Hedge, Joan M. Macherla, Chitralekha Filer, Dayne L. Burgess, Emily Simmons, Steven O. Crofton, Kevin M. Hornung, Michael W. TI Cross-species analysis of thyroperoxidase inhibition by xenobiotics demonstrates conservation of response between pig and rat SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Thyroperoxidase; Thyroid disruption; Interspecies comparison ID FOLLICULAR CELL-PROLIFERATION; THYROID-HORMONE INSUFFICIENCY; IN-VITRO; MATERNAL HYPOTHYROXINEMIA; EARLY-PREGNANCY; DEVELOPMENTAL HYPOTHYROIDISM; DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; NEURONAL MIGRATION; NEONATAL THYROXINE; RADICAL MECHANISM AB Thyroperoxidase (TPO), the enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of thyroid hormone, is a known target for thyroid-disrupting chemicals. In vivo toxicological evidence supporting TPO-inhibition as one molecular-initiating event that leads to thyroid disruption is derived largely from rat models; however, a significant fraction of research on the inhibition of TPO by xenobiotics has been conducted using porcine TPO. The current work tested the hypothesis that porcine and rat thyroid microsomes exposed to TPO-inhibiting chemicals would demonstrate different responses in a guaiacol oxidation assay. A primary objective of this work is to establish the degree of concordance between rat and porcine TPO inhibition data. Microsomes were isolated from both rat and pig thyroid glands, and the guaiacol oxidation assay was performed for a training set of 12 chemicals, including previously reported TPO inhibitors, thyroid-disrupting chemicals thought to perturb other targets, and several previously untested chemicals, to determine the relative TPO inhibition responses across species. Concentration-response curves were derived for methimazole (MMI), dibutylphthalate (DBP), diethylhexylphthalate (DEHP), diethylphthalate (DEP), 3,5-dimethylpyrazole-1-methanol (DPM), iopanoic acid (IA), 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT), sodium perchlorate (PERC), p-nonylphenol (PNP), 4-propoxyphenol (4POP), 6-propylthiouracil (PTU), and triclosan (TCS). MMI, PTU, MBT, DPM, 4POP, and at extremely high concentrations, PERC, inhibited TPO activity. Results demonstrated a strong qualitative concordance of response between the two species. All chemicals that inhibited TPO in porcine microsomes also inhibited TPO in rat microsomes. Hill model-derived IC50 values revealed approximate 1.5-to 50-fold differences in relative potency to MMI between species for positive chemicals. DPM, MBT, 4POP, and PTU exhibited greater relative potency to MMI using rat TPO versus porcine TPO, but rank order potency for inhibition was similar for the other test chemicals, with: PTU >MBT> DPM > 4POP > PERC for rat TPO and MBT> PTU> DPM > 4POP >PERC for porcine TPO. These data support the extrapolation of porcine TPO data to potential thyroid-disrupting activity in rodent models to evaluate TPO-inhibiting chemicals. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Paul, Katie B.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Paul, Katie B.; Hedge, Joan M.; Simmons, Steven O.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Macherla, Chitralekha; Burgess, Emily; Hornung, Michael W.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Filer, Dayne L.; Crofton, Kevin M.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hornung, MW (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, ORD, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM Hornung.Michael@epa.gov RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015; OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971; Simmons, Steven/0000-0001-9079-1069 FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX The authors would like to thank Kateland Antonazzo for technical assistance in necropsy and preparation of rat thyroid microsomes; Erica Nevalainen for technical assistance with the pTPO guaiacol oxidation assay; Dr. Matthew T. Martin for biostatistical consultation; Dr. Mary Gilbert for informative scientific discussion on thyroid biology and diet; and, John Havel for graphic design support. The authors would also like to thank Drs. Keith Houck and William Mundy for review of previous versions of this manuscript. K.B. Paul and D.L. Filer were supported by fellowships from the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education during this work. NR 90 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 6 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD OCT 4 PY 2013 VL 312 BP 97 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2013.08.006 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 252LD UT WOS:000327005300012 PM 23959146 ER PT J AU Likodimos, V Han, C Pelaez, M Kontos, AG Liu, GL Zhu, DW Liao, SJ de la Cruz, AA O'Shea, K Dunlop, PSM Byrne, JA Dionysiou, DD Falaras, P AF Likodimos, Vlassis Han, Changseok Pelaez, Miguel Kontos, Athanassios G. Liu, Guanglong Zhu, Duanwei Liao, Shuijiao de la Cruz, Armah A. O'Shea, Kevin Dunlop, Patrick S. M. Byrne, J. Anthony Dionysiou, Dionysios D. Falaras, Polycarpos TI Anion-Doped TiO2 Nanocatalysts for Water Purification under Visible Light SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Workshop of the Nano4water Cluster CY APR 24-25, 2012 CL Thessaloniki, GREECE SP European Commiss ID ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE NANOMATERIALS; MICROCYSTIN-LR; PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY; ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; SOLAR; DEGRADATION; FILMS; SIZE AB Innovative sol-gel synthesis based on the self-assembling template method has been applied to synthesize mesoporous anion-doped TiO2 with N-F, S and C atoms using suitable surfactants and reagents, to improve simultaneously the structural, morphological, and electronic properties of TiO2 nanomaterials and achieve anion doping of titania with high visible light photoinduced reactivity. The incorporation of anion species in the titania structure resulted in the effective extension of TiO2 optical absorption in the visible range through the formation of intragap energy states. The anion doped titania materials immobilized in the form of nanostructured thin films on glass substrates exhibited high photocatalytic efficiency for the degradation of the microcystin-LR (MC-LR) cyanotoxin, a hazardous water pollutant of emerging concern, under visible light irradiation. The development of these visible light-activated nanocatalysts has the potential of providing environmentally benign routes for water treatment. C1 [Likodimos, Vlassis; Kontos, Athanassios G.; Falaras, Polycarpos] Natl Ctr Sci Res Demokritos, IAMPPNM, Div Phys Chem, Athens 15310, Greece. [Han, Changseok; Pelaez, Miguel; Liu, Guanglong; Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn & Sci Program, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Liu, Guanglong; Zhu, Duanwei; Liao, Shuijiao] Huazhong Agr Univ, Lab Plant Nutr & Ecol Environm Res, Huazhong, Peoples R China. [de la Cruz, Armah A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [O'Shea, Kevin] Florida Int Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Dunlop, Patrick S. M.; Byrne, J. Anthony] Univ Ulster, Nanotechnol & Integrated BioEngn Ctr, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Londonderry, North Ireland. [Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cyprus, Nireas Int Water Res Ctr, CY-20537 Nicosia, Cyprus. RP Falaras, P (reprint author), Natl Ctr Sci Res Demokritos, IAMPPNM, Div Phys Chem, Athens 15310, Greece. EM papi@chem.demokritos.gr RI Dunlop, Patrick/C-6970-2008 OI Dunlop, Patrick/0000-0002-0902-0847 NR 48 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 49 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD OCT 2 PY 2013 VL 52 IS 39 BP 13957 EP 13964 DI 10.1021/ie3034575 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 243ET UT WOS:000326300400010 ER PT J AU Newman, N Lowry, J Mall, J Berger, M AF Newman, Nicholas Lowry, Jennifer Mall, Jennifer Berger, Martha TI AN ONGOING LACK OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT LEAD POISONING SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Letter ID ENVIRONMENTAL-HEALTH; CHILDHOOD; EXPOSURE; CHILDREN C1 [Newman, Nicholas] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Pediat Environm Hlth & Lead Clin, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Newman, Nicholas] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Pediat Environm Hlth Specialty Unit PEHSU Reg Sat, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Lowry, Jennifer] Childrens Mercy Hosp & Clin, Midamer PEHSU, Kansas City, MO USA. [Lowry, Jennifer] Childrens Mercy Hosp & Clin, Sect Clin Toxicol, Kansas City, MO USA. [Mall, Jennifer] Assoc Sch Publ Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Berger, Martha] US EPA, Off Childrens Hlth Protect, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Newman, N (reprint author), Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, 3333 Burnet Ave,MLC 7035, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. EM Nicholas.Newman@cchmc.org FU ATSDR CDC HHS [U61 TS000118, 1U61TS000118-03] NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD OCT PY 2013 VL 103 IS 10 BP E9 EP E10 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301499 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA3PK UT WOS:000331004600008 PM 23947313 ER PT J AU Rivera-Nunez, Z Wright, JM AF Rivera-Nunez, Zorimar Wright, J. Michael TI Association of Brominated Trihalomethane and Haloacetic Acid Exposure With Fetal Growth and Preterm Delivery in Massachusetts SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS; ADVERSE BIRTH OUTCOMES; SINGLE WATER UTILITY; DRINKING-WATER; GESTATIONAL-AGE; EPIDEMIOLOGIC INVESTIGATIONS; UNITED-STATES; TAP WATER; PREGNANCY; WEIGHT AB Objectives: We examined the relationship between adverse reproductive outcomes and exposure to several disinfection by-products including haloacetic acids (HAAs), trihalomethanes (THMs), and the brominated THMs sum (THMBr). Methods: Second-and third-trimester exposure scores were estimated from quarterly town-level average THM and HAA concentration data and were examined relative to mean birth weight (BWT), small for gestational age (SGA), and preterm delivery (PTD). Results: We found an increased risk of PTD for second-trimester chloroform, bromodichloromethane, and all HAA exposure metrics (adjusted odds ratio range: 1.04 to 1.15), but detected no associations for SGA and third-trimester exposures. Mean BWT deficits were observed across all HAA (26 to 33 g) and THMBr (11 to 23 g) exposure categories. Conclusions: We detected consistent associations for adjusted mean BWT and THMBr exposures; these data reinforce the need to consider different disinfection by-product exposure metrics in epidemiological studies. C1 [Rivera-Nunez, Zorimar] Washington Univ, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Rivera-Nunez, Zorimar] Washington Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, St Louis, MO USA. [Rivera-Nunez, Zorimar; Wright, J. Michael] US EPA, Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Wright, JM (reprint author), 26 W Martin Luther King Dr MS-A110, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM wright.michael@epa.gov NR 48 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 EI 1536-5948 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 55 IS 10 BP 1125 EP 1134 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e3182a4ffe4 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 300FC UT WOS:000330448800001 PM 24064786 ER PT J AU Vinikoor-Imler, LC Davis, JA Meyer, RE Luben, TJ AF Vinikoor-Imler, Lisa C. Davis, J. Allen Meyer, Robert E. Luben, Thomas J. TI Early Prenatal Exposure to Air Pollution and Its Associations with Birth Defects in a State-wide Birth Cohort from North Carolina SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE birth defects; birth outcomes; air pollution; particulate matter; ozone ID CONGENITAL-ANOMALIES; RISK; POLLUTANTS; CALIFORNIA; MOBILITY AB BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined the potential relationship between air pollution and birth defects. The objective of this study was to investigate whether maternal exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone (O-3) during pregnancy is associated with birth defects among women living throughout North Carolina. METHODS: Information on maternal and infant characteristics was obtained from North Carolina birth certificates and health service data (2003-2005) and linked with information on birth defects from the North Carolina Birth Defects Monitoring Program. The 24-hr PM2.5 and O-3 concentrations were estimated using a hierarchical Bayesian model of air pollution generated by combining modeled air pollution predictions from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Community Multi-Scale Air Quality model with air monitor data from the Environmental Protection Agency's Air Quality System. Maternal residence was geocoded and assigned pollutant concentrations averaged over weeks 3 to 8 of gestation. Binomial regression was performed and adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS: No association was observed between either PM2.5 or O-3 concentrations and most birth defects. Positive effect estimates were observed between air pollution and microtia/anotia and lower limb deficiency defects, but the 95% confidence intervals were wide and included the null. CONCLUSION: Overall, this study suggested a possible relationship between air pollution concentration during early pregnancy and certain birth defects (e. g., microtia/anotia, lower limb deficiency defects), although this study did not have the power to detect such an association. The risk for most birth defects does not appear to be affected by ambient air pollution. (C) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Vinikoor-Imler, Lisa C.; Davis, J. Allen; Luben, Thomas J.] US EPA, NCEA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Meyer, Robert E.] State Ctr Hlth Stat, North Carolina Birth Defects Monitoring Program, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Vinikoor-Imler, LC (reprint author), 109 TW Alexander Dr,Attn MD B243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM vinikoor-imler.lisa@epa.gov NR 15 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 97 IS 10 BP 696 EP 701 DI 10.1002/bdra.23159 PG 6 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 296HW UT WOS:000330176900010 PM 23897551 ER PT J AU Pye, HOT Pinder, RW Piletic, IR Xie, Y Capps, SL Lin, YH Surratt, JD Zhang, ZF Gold, A Luecken, DJ Hutzell, WT Jaoui, M Offenberg, JH Kleindienst, TE Lewandowski, M Edney, EO AF Pye, Havala O. T. Pinder, Robert W. Piletic, Ivan R. Xie, Ying Capps, Shannon L. Lin, Ying-Hsuan Surratt, Jason D. Zhang, Zhenfa Gold, Avram Luecken, Deborah J. Hutzell, William T. Jaoui, Mohammed Offenberg, John H. Kleindienst, Tadeusz E. Lewandowski, Michael Edney, Edward O. TI Epoxide Pathways Improve Model Predictions of Isoprene Markers and Reveal Key Role of Acidity in Aerosol Formation SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; SOA FORMATION; AMBIENT AEROSOL; AIR-QUALITY; PHOTOOXIDATION; WATER; EPOXYDIOLS; EMISSIONS; KINETICS AB Isoprene significantly contributes to organic aerosol in the southeastern United States where biogenic hydrocarbons mix with anthropogenic emissions. In this work, the Community Multiscale Air Quality model is updated to predict isoprene aerosol from epoxides produced under both high- and low-NOx,, conditions. The new aqueous aerosol pathways allow for explicit predictions of two key isoprene-derived species, 2-methyltetrols and 2-methylglyceric acid, that are more consistent with observations than estimates based on semivolatile partitioning. The new mechanism represents a significant source of organic carbon in the lower 2 km of the atmosphere and captures the abundance of 2-methyltetrols relative to organosulfates during the simulation period. For the parametrization considered here, a 25% reduction in SOx emissions effectively reduces isoprene aerosol, while a similar reduction in NOx leads to small increases in isoprene aerosol. C1 [Pye, Havala O. T.; Pinder, Robert W.; Piletic, Ivan R.; Xie, Ying; Capps, Shannon L.; Luecken, Deborah J.; Hutzell, William T.; Offenberg, John H.; Kleindienst, Tadeusz E.; Lewandowski, Michael; Edney, Edward O.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Lin, Ying-Hsuan; Surratt, Jason D.; Zhang, Zhenfa; Gold, Avram] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Jaoui, Mohammed] Alion Sci & Technol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Pye, HOT (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM pye.havala@epa.gov RI Offenberg, John/C-3787-2009; Surratt, Jason/D-3611-2009; Lin, Ying-Hsuan/J-4023-2014; Pye, Havala/F-5392-2012; Capps, Shannon/E-5602-2017; OI Offenberg, John/0000-0002-0213-4024; Surratt, Jason/0000-0002-6833-1450; Lin, Ying-Hsuan/0000-0001-8904-1287; Pye, Havala/0000-0002-2014-2140; Capps, Shannon/0000-0002-6872-6604; Capps, Shannon/0000-0003-4274-887X FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development; Electric Power Research Institute; UNC Graduate School FX The authors thank Prakash Bhave, Golam Sarwar, Wyat Appel, and Sergey Napelenok for useful discussion as well as SEARCH, CSN, and IMPROVE networks for data. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. This paper has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. S.L.C. was supported by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Office of Research and Development, US EPA, administered by ORISE. Y.-H.L. and J.D.S. were supported in part by the Electric Power Research Institute. Y.-H.L. acknowledges a Dissertation Completion Fellowship from the UNC Graduate School. NR 68 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 11 U2 93 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 19 BP 11056 EP 11064 DI 10.1021/es402106h PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 295CT UT WOS:000330094900040 PM 24024583 ER PT J AU Sangani, RG Ghio, AJ AF Sangani, Rahul G. Ghio, Andrew J. TI Iron, Human Growth, and the Global Epidemic of Obesity SO NUTRIENTS LA English DT Review DE ferritin; iron-deficiency anemia; foods; fortified; oxidative stress ID PYRIDOXAL ISONICOTINOYL HYDRAZONE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; INSULIN-RESISTANCE SYNDROME; GESTATIONAL DIABETES-MELLITUS; SOLUBLE TRANSFERRIN RECEPTOR; INCREASED SERUM FERRITIN; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; ACUTE ISCHEMIC-STROKE; IOWA WOMENS HEALTH; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN AB Iron is an essential nutrient utilized in almost every aspect of cell function and its availability has previously limited life. Those same properties which allow iron to function as a catalyst in the reactions of life also present a threat via generation of oxygen-based free radicals. Accordingly; life exists at the interface of iron-deficiency and iron-sufficiency. We propose that: (1) human life is no longer positioned at the limits of iron availability following several decades of fortification and supplementation and there is now an overabundance of the metal among individuals of many societies; (2) this increased iron availability exerts a positive effect on growth by targeting molecules critical in regulating the progression of the cell cycle; there is increased growth in humans provided greater amounts of this metal; and indices of obesity can positively correlate with body stores of iron; and (3) diseases of obesity reflect this over-abundance of iron. Testing potential associations between iron availability and both obesity and obesity-related diseases in populations will be difficult since fortification and supplementation is so extensively practiced. C1 [Sangani, Rahul G.] Geisinger Med Ctr, Danville, PA 17821 USA. [Ghio, Andrew J.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Ghio, AJ (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM rgs4383@gmail.com; ghio.andy@epa.gov NR 148 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 15 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6643 J9 NUTRIENTS JI Nutrients PD OCT PY 2013 VL 5 IS 10 BP 4231 EP 4249 DI 10.3390/nu5104231 PG 19 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 274TA UT WOS:000328627900027 PM 24152754 ER PT J AU Stoker, TE Hallinger, DR Seely, JC Zorrilla, LM AF Stoker, Tammy E. Hallinger, Daniel R. Seely, John C. Zorrilla, Leah M. TI Evaluation of Hydroxyatrazine in the Endocrine Disruptor Screening and Testing Program's Male and Female Pubertal Protocols SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART B-DEVELOPMENTAL AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hydroxyatrazine; puberty; kidney toxicity ID WISTAR RATS; THYROID-FUNCTION; EDSTAC RECOMMENDATIONS; PREPUBERTAL EXPOSURES; SEXUAL-MATURATION; ATRAZINE; CHEMICALS; FOCUS AB Two critical components of the validation of any in vivo screening assay are to demonstrate sensitivity and specificity. Although the Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program's Tier 1 Male and Female Pubertal Protocols have been shown to be sensitive assays for the detection of weak endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), there are concerns that the assays lack specificity for EDC effects when a chemical induces systemic toxicity. A lack of specificity, or the ability to correctly identify an inactive or negative chemical, would increase the probability of identifying false positives. Here, we orally exposed rats to hydroxyatrazine (OH-ATR), a biotransformation by-product of the chlorotriazine herbicides that produced nephrotoxicity following a 13-week dietary exposure. Based on a previous study in our laboratory, males were dosed with 11.4 to 183.4 mg/kg OH-ATR and females were dosed with 45.75 to 183.4 mg/kg OH-ATR. Following exposure in both sexes, there was a dose-response increase in mean kidney weights and the incidence and severity of kidney lesions. These lesions included the deposition of mineralized renal tubule concretions, hydronephrosis, renal tubule dilatation, and pyelonephritis. However, no differences in body weight, liver weight, or reproductive tissue weights, reproductive or thyroid histology, hormone concentrations or the age of pubertal onset were observed. Therefore, the results demonstrate that the endpoints included in the pubertal assay are useful for nonendocrine (systemic) effects that define an no observable effect level (NOEL) or lowest observable effect level (LOEL) and provide one example where an impact on kidney function does not alter any of the endocrine-specific endpoints of the assay. C1 [Stoker, Tammy E.; Hallinger, Daniel R.; Zorrilla, Leah M.] US EPA, Endocrine Toxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Durham, NC 27711 USA. [Seely, John C.] Expt Pathol Labs Inc, Durham, NC USA. RP Stoker, TE (reprint author), US EPA, Endocrine Toxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, Durham, NC 27711 USA. EM stoker.tammy@epa.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-9733 EI 1542-9741 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES B JI Birth Defects Res. Part B-Dev. Reprod. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 98 IS 5 BP 428 EP 435 DI 10.1002/bdrb.21086 PG 8 WC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 272OM UT WOS:000328470100006 PM 24323408 ER PT J AU Fraser, AJ Webster, TF Watkins, DJ Strynar, MJ Kato, K Calafat, AM Vieira, VM McClean, MD AF Fraser, Alicia J. Webster, Thomas F. Watkins, Deborah J. Strynar, Mark J. Kato, Kayoko Calafat, Antonia M. Vieira, Veronica M. McClean, Michael D. TI Polyfluorinated compounds in dust from homes, offices, and vehicles as predictors of concentrations in office workers' serum SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Polyfluorinated compounds; PFCs; Dust; Exposure assessment; Offices; Homes ID ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; IN-HOUSE DUST; PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE; HUMAN EXPOSURE; INDOOR DUST; PERFLUORINATED CHEMICALS; POLYFLUOROALKYL CHEMICALS; PERFLUOROALKYL COMPOUNDS; NHANES 1999-2000; NATIONAL-HEALTH AB We aimed to characterize levels of polyfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in indoor dust from offices, homes, and vehicles; to investigate factors that may affect PFC levels in dust; and to examine the associations between PFCs in dust and office workers' serum. Dust samples were collected in 2009 from offices, homes, and vehicles of 31 individuals in Boston, MA and analyzed for nineteen PFCs, including perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs), and sulfonamidoethanols (FOSEs). Serum was collected from each participant and analyzed for eight PFCs including PFOA and PFOS. Perfluorononanoate, PFOA, perfluoroheptanoate, perfluorohexanoate, PFOS and 8:2 FTOH had detection frequencies >50% in dust from all three microenvironments. The highest geometric mean concentration in office dust was for 8:2 FTOH (309 ng/g), while PFOS was highest in homes (26.9 ng/g) and vehicles (15.8 ng/g). Overall, offices had the highest PFC concentrations, particularly for longer-chain carboxylic acids and FTOHs. Perfluorobutyrate was prevalent in homes and vehicles, but not offices. PFOA serum concentrations were not associated with PFC dust levels after adjusting for PFC concentrations in office air. Dust concentrations of most PFCs are higher in offices than in homes and vehicles. However, indoor dust may not be a significant source of exposure to PFCs for office workers. This finding suggests that our previously published observation of an association between FTOH concentrations in office air and PFOA concentrations in office workers-was not due to confounding by PFCs in dust. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fraser, Alicia J.; Webster, Thomas F.; Watkins, Deborah J.; Vieira, Veronica M.; McClean, Michael D.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Watkins, Deborah J.] Brown Univ, Ctr Environm Hlth & Technol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Strynar, Mark J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Kato, Kayoko; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Vieira, Veronica M.] Univ Calif Irvine, Chao Family Comprehens Canc Ctr, Program Publ Hlth, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Fraser, AJ (reprint author), BUSPH Dept Environm Hlth, 715 Albany St,T4W, Boston, MA 02118 USA. EM afraser@bu.edu RI McClean, Michael/J-2934-2015 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [R01ES015829, T32ES014562] FX We thank Stephanie Chan, Jessica Nelson, Heather Simpson and Courtney Walker for help with sample collection, and Amal Wanigatunga, Brian Basden, and Tao Jia for technical assistance with analysis of the serum samples. We are grateful to all study participants for enabling this research. This research was supported in part by grants R01ES015829 and T32ES014562 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS). The findings and conclusions, in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC, the NIEHS, the U.S. EPA, or the National Institutes of Health. The U.S. EPA, through its Office of Research and Development, collaborated in the research described here; it has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 47 TC 20 Z9 24 U1 8 U2 86 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0160-4120 EI 1873-6750 J9 ENVIRON INT JI Environ. Int. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 60 BP 128 EP 136 DI 10.1016/j.envint.2013.08.012 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 260AH UT WOS:000327566900016 PM 24041736 ER PT J AU Lehrter, JC Ko, DS Murrell, MC Hagy, JD Schaeffer, BA Greene, RM Gould, RW Penta, B AF Lehrter, John C. Ko, Dong S. Murrell, Michael C. Hagy, James D. Schaeffer, Blake A. Greene, Richard M. Gould, Richard W. Penta, Bradley TI Nutrient distributions, transports, and budgets on the inner margin of a river-dominated continental shelf SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article DE nutrient budgets; biogeochemical cycles; processes and modeling; hypoxic environments; nutrients and nutrient cycling; estuarine and nearshore processes ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; PARTICULATE ORGANIC-CARBON; LOWER MISSISSIPPI RIVER; FRESH-WATER; COASTAL WATERS; LOUISIANA SHELF; OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION; NORTH-ATLANTIC; HYPOXIA; PLUME AB Physical and biogeochemical processes determining the distribution, transport, and fate of nutrients delivered by the Mississippi and Atchafalaya river basin (MARB) to the inner Louisiana continental shelf (LCS) were examined using a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model and observations of hydrography, nutrients, and organic carbon collected during 12 cruises. Two aspects of nutrient transport and fate on the inner LCS (<50 m depth) were evaluated: (1) along-shelf and cross-shelf transports were calculated and (2) nutrient sinks and sources were inferred. On average, 47% of the lower Mississippi River freshwater traveled westward on the LCS, but this percentage was reduced during summer when currents reversed to a predominately upcoast direction. Changes from mainly inorganic to organic nutrients were observed at salinity between 20 and 30, and above 30, organic nutrients were the dominant forms. Westward transport of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) was about 25% of the combined DIN load from the MARB, whereas westward transport of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) was 2.8-fold larger than the MARB DON load. Different from dissolved inorganic nutrients, for which the rivers were the primary source, the dominant source of organic nutrients was advection from offshore. Overall, the inner LCS was estimated to be a net sink for total nitrogen in the amount of -3.14 mmol N m(-2) d(-1) and a net sink for total phosphorus in the amount of -0.28 mmol P m(-2) d(-1). These sinks were approximately 33% and 59% of the total N and P sources, respectively, to the inner LCS. C1 [Lehrter, John C.; Murrell, Michael C.; Hagy, James D.; Schaeffer, Blake A.; Greene, Richard M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Ko, Dong S.; Gould, Richard W.; Penta, Bradley] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. RP Lehrter, JC (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM lehrter.john@epa.gov FU U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development; U.S. IOOS Coastal Ocean Modeling Testbed FX We thank Jessica Aukamp, David Beddick, Brandon Jarvis, Roman Stanley, and Diane Yates for sample processing, laboratory analyses, and database assistance. We thank the crews of the OSV Anderson, RV Longhorn, and OSV Bold for their assistance on cruises. We thank Harvey Seim and two anonymous reviewers for constructive comments on an earlier draft. This work was supported by the U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development and the U.S. IOOS Coastal Ocean Modeling Testbed. The study was reviewed and approved for publication by the U.S. EPA National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory; however, the contents are solely the views of the authors. Use of trade names of commercial products does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. EPA. NR 64 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD OCT PY 2013 VL 118 IS 10 BP 4822 EP 4838 DI 10.1002/jgrc.20362 PG 17 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 257JQ UT WOS:000327380100006 ER PT J AU Salazar, KD Copeland, CB Wood, CE Schmid, JE Luebke, RW AF Salazar, Keith D. Copeland, Carey B. Wood, Charles E. Schmid, Judith E. Luebke, Robert W. TI Evaluation of anti-nuclear antibodies and kidney pathology in Lewis rats following exposure to Libby amphibole asbestos SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anti-nuclear antibodies; asbestos; kidney; systemic lupus erythematosus ID SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; CONNECTIVE-TISSUE DISEASES; TRANSFER-RNA-SYNTHETASE; AUTOIMMUNITY; RESPONSES; MONTANA; LUNG; MICE; INFLAMMATION; DIAGNOSIS AB The prevalence of anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) and self-reported systemic autoimmune diseases were increased in residents of Libby, MT, as was the incidence of ANA in Lewis rats exposed to Libby amphibole (LA) asbestos. However, rats induced to develop rheumatoid arthritis (RA) did not develop autoantibodies associated with RA, nor was RA exacerbated by LA exposure, suggesting that increased ANA expression might be related to some other autoimmune process. Libby residents self-reported increased numbers of physician-diagnosed cases of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Thus, the goal of this study was to determine if the increased incidence of ANA in Lewis rats exposed to LA is related to the development of SLE-like disease. Female Lewis rats were intratracheally instilled bi-weekly for 13 weeks with total doses of 0.15, 0.5, 1.5, or 5.0mg of LA or 0.5 or 1.5mg of a positive control fiber, amosite. ANA incidence was significantly increased in all asbestos dose groups, although no dose response was observed. The occurrence of proteinuria was increased in LA 0.5, LA 5.0, and amosite 0.5 dose groups; however, the microscopic appearance of the kidneys was normal, no binding of autoimmune complexes to glomerular surfaces was observed, and antibodies to double-stranded DNA were not elevated. Therefore, an increased prevalence of ANA in rats exposed to asbestos does not appear to correlate with disease markers typically observed in SLE. Analysis of ANA specificity for extractable nuclear antigens (ENA) determined that 98% of ENA(+) samples were specific for the Jo-1 antigen. Autoantibodies to Jo-1 have been reported in patients with interstitial lung disease, suggesting that autoantibodies to Jo-1 may be a biomarker for asbestos-related pulmonary disease. C1 [Salazar, Keith D.] US EPA, Tox Pathways Branch, Integrated Risk Informat Syst Div, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment,Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Copeland, Carey B.; Luebke, Robert W.] US EPA, Cardiopulm & Immunotoxicol Branch, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Wood, Charles E.] US EPA, Carcinogenesis Branch, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Schmid, Judith E.] US EPA, Res Cores Unit, NHEERL, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Luebke, RW (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM luebke.robert@epa.gov OI Salazar, Keith/0000-0002-0086-9916 NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1547-691X EI 1547-6901 J9 J IMMUNOTOXICOL JI J. Immunotoxicol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2013 VL 10 IS 4 BP 329 EP 333 DI 10.3109/1547691X.2012.747230 PG 5 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 255SL UT WOS:000327260000001 PM 23256773 ER PT J AU Zhang, XL Brar, SK Yan, S Tyagi, RD Surampalli, RY AF Zhang, Xiaolei Brar, Satinder Kaur Yan, Song Tyagi, Rajeshwar Dayal Surampalli, Rao Y. TI Fate and transport of fragrance materials in principal environmental sinks SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Review DE Fragrance; Wastewater; Soil; Water; Wastewater sludge ID WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; POLYCYCLIC MUSK FRAGRANCES; CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; SEWAGE-TREATMENT PLANTS; NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; ACTIVATED CARBON; MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR; SYNTHETIC MUSKS; TRANSFORMATION PRODUCTS; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY AB Fragrance materials are widely present in the environment, such as air, water, and soil. Concerns have been raised due to the increasing utilization and suspected impact on human health. The bioaccumulating property is considered as one of the causes of the toxicity to human beings. The removal of fragrance materials from environmental sinks has not been paid enough attention due to the lack of regulation and research on their toxicity. This paper provides systematic information on how fragrance materials are transferred to the environment, how do they affect human lives, and what is their fate in water, wastewater, wastewater sludge, and soil. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Xiaolei; Brar, Satinder Kaur; Yan, Song; Tyagi, Rajeshwar Dayal] INRS Eau Terre & Environm, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Surampalli, Rao Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Brar, SK (reprint author), INRS Eau Terre & Environm, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM satinder.brar@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [A 4984] FX Sincere thanks are due to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant A 4984, Canada Research Chair, Discovery grant) for their financial support. The views and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors. NR 109 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 31 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD OCT PY 2013 VL 93 IS 6 BP 857 EP 869 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.05.055 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 250MW UT WOS:000326857900003 PM 23786813 ER PT J AU Duan, WL He, B Takara, K Luo, PP Nover, D Sahu, N Yamashiki, Y AF Duan, Weili He, Bin Takara, Kaoru Luo, Pingping Nover, Daniel Sahu, Netrananda Yamashiki, Yosuke TI Spatiotemporal evaluation of water quality incidents in Japan between 1996 and 2007 SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Water quality incidents; Spatiotemporal evaluation; Statistical analysis; GIS; Japan ID WASTE MANAGEMENT; OSAKA BAY; POLLUTION; RIVER; LAKE; SEDIMENTS; CAMELFORD; ACCIDENT; ALUMINUM; CLIMATE AB We present a spatiotemporal evaluation of water quality incidents in Japan considering incident numbers, incident causes, pollutant categories, and pollution effects. Water pollution incidents in first-class river systems almost tripled to about 1487 in the 12 years from 1996 to 2007. In addition, oil makes up the largest proportion of pollutants nationwide (76.61%) and the major source of pollution for each region in Japan. Moreover, every category shows a growth trend, especially since 2005. The main cause of incidents was "Unknown" (43%), followed by "Poor working practice" (24%), and then by "Accident" (10%) and "Other" (10%). In Hokuriku, however, the main cause of incidents was "Poor working practice" (36%), which is greater than "Unknown" (30%). Finally, waterworks (approximately 60%) was the largest of four kinds of water supply infrastructure affected by pollution incidents, followed by simplified waterworks. The population affected by offensive odors and tastes peaked in 1990 and has been decreasing. Overall, the results show the characteristics of incidents from 1996 to 2007, with significant implications for adaptation measures, strategies and policies to reduce water quality incidents. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Duan, Weili] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Civil & Earth Resources Engn, Uji, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. [He, Bin] Kyoto Univ, Ctr Promot Interdisciplinary Educ & Res, Uji, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. [Duan, Weili; Takara, Kaoru; Luo, Pingping; Sahu, Netrananda; Yamashiki, Yosuke] Kyoto Univ, DPRI, Uji, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. [Nover, Daniel] US EPA, Global Change Res Program, Washington Dc, WA USA. RP Duan, WL (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, DPRI, Uji, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. EM duan.scut.cn@gmail.com; hyhebin@gmail.com; luoping198121@gmail.com RI He, Bin/F-8497-2014 OI He, Bin/0000-0002-3475-4324 FU Kyoto University Global COE program "Sustainability/Survivability Science for a Resilient Society Adaptable to Extreme Weather Conditions" and "Global Center for Education and Research on Human Security Engineering for Asian Megacities"; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [P12055]; JSPS [24.02055, 90569724] FX This study is sponsored by the Kyoto University Global COE program "Sustainability/Survivability Science for a Resilient Society Adaptable to Extreme Weather Conditions" and "Global Center for Education and Research on Human Security Engineering for Asian Megacities", the Postdoctoral fellowship of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (P12055), JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 24.02055 and the JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B) (KAKENHI Wakate B, 90569724). NR 45 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD OCT PY 2013 VL 93 IS 6 BP 946 EP 953 DI 10.1016/j.chemoshere.2013.05.060 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 250MW UT WOS:000326857900014 PM 23806484 ER PT J AU Brown, RA Borst, M AF Brown, Robert A. Borst, Michael TI Assessment of Clogging Dynamics in Permeable Pavement Systems with Time Domain Reflectometers SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Permeable pavement; Surface clogging; Time domain reflectometer (TDR); Storm water; Green infrastructure; Storm water control measure AB Infiltration is a primary functional mechanism in green infrastructure storm water controls. This study used time domain reflectometers (TDRs) to measure spatial infiltration and assess clogging dynamics of permeable pavement systems in Edison, New Jersey, and Louisville, Kentucky. In 2009, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency constructed a 0.4-ha parking lot surfaced with three permeable pavement types (permeable interlocking concrete pavers, pervious concrete, and porous asphalt). Paired TDRs were installed at two locations in each permeable pavement type and at a depth of 0.4m below the driving surface. The relative volumetric water content (RVWC) prior to an event had a significant negative correlation to antecedent dry period, and the peak RVWC during an event had a significant positive correlation to the peak 5-min rainfall intensity. The TDRs measured a significantly different response when water was presumably infiltrating as direct rainfall compared to rainfall combined with runoff from a contributing drainage area. The results indicated clogging progressed from the upgradient edge. Based on the lessons learned at Edison, TDRs were installed in permeable pavement strips in Louisville, Kentucky, during December 2011. The TDR placement strategy was selected to understand the spatial infiltration of runoff and to document clogging and infiltration dynamics. As contributing drainage area size and condition impacts incoming sediment load, and the runoff infiltrates along the upgradient edge of the permeable pavement surface, the ratio of drainage area to working width of permeable surface is an important design parameter to predict the rate of clogging. At Edison, the design ratio of contributing drainage area to permeable pavement width at the upgradient edge was 7.62m2/m. In Louisville, the ratio was about 3,829m2/m. Because of the much larger ratio, clogging was expected to occur rapidly at the Louisville site. Responses from rainfall events during the first three months at Louisville supports the hypotheses related to surface clogging mechanisms. This paper highlights evaluation techniques, placement locations, and techniques to use TDRs to remotely monitor surface clogging, which can be used to provide guidance for maintenance scheduling. C1 [Brown, Robert A.; Borst, Michael] US EPA, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. RP Brown, RA (reprint author), US EPA, 2890 Woodbridge Ave,MS 104, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. EM Brown.Robert-A@epa.gov; borst.mike@epa.gov FU Research Participation Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory FX This project was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The authors would like to thank Mr. Thomas O'Connor, Dr. Amy Rowe, and Dr. Emilie Stander for their initial work setting up the project in Edison and Dr. Joong Lee for modeling flow widths and determining drainage areas. The authors would like to thank the following parties for their assistance with the project in Louisville: Louisville and Jefferson County MSD, URS Corporation, Center for Infrastructure Research at the University of Louisville, and PARS Environmental. NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 37 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 EI 1943-7870 J9 J ENVIRON ENG JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 139 IS 10 BP 1255 EP 1265 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000734 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 218WZ UT WOS:000324464700003 ER PT J AU West, JJ Smith, SJ Silva, RA Naik, V Zhang, YQ Adelman, Z Fry, MM Anenberg, S Horowitz, LW Lamarque, JF AF West, J. Jason Smith, Steven J. Silva, Raquel A. Naik, Vaishali Zhang, Yuqiang Adelman, Zachariah Fry, Meridith M. Anenberg, Susan Horowitz, Larry W. Lamarque, Jean-Francois TI Co-benefits of mitigating global greenhouse gas emissions for future air quality and human health SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; ANCILLARY BENEFITS; OZONE POLLUTION; HUMAN MORTALITY; POLICIES; MODEL; SCENARIOS; EXPOSURE; BURDEN AB Actions to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions often reduce co-emitted air pollutants, bringing co-benefits for air quality and human health. Past studies(1-6) typically evaluated near-term and local co-benefits, neglecting the long-range transport of air pollutants(7-9), long-term demographic changes, and the influence of climate change on air quality(10-12). Here we simulate the co-benefits of global GHG reductions on air quality and human health using a global atmospheric model and consistent future scenarios, via two mechanisms: reducing co-emitted air pollutants, and slowing climate change and its effect on air quality. We use new relationships between chronic mortality and exposure to fine particulate matter(13) and ozone(14), global modelling methods(15) and new future scenarios(16). Relative to a reference scenario, global GHG mitigation avoids 0.5 +/- 0.2, 1.3 +/- 0.5 and 2.2 +/- 0.8 million premature deaths in 2030, 2050 and 2100. Global average marginal co-benefits of avoided mortality are US$ 50-380 per tonne of CO2, which exceed previous estimates, exceed marginal abatement costs in 2030 and 2050, and are within the low range of costs in 2100. East Asian co-benefits are 10-70 times the marginal cost in 2030. Air quality and health co-benefits, especially as they are mainly local and near-term, provide strong additional motivation for transitioning to a low-carbon future. C1 [West, J. Jason; Silva, Raquel A.; Zhang, Yuqiang; Adelman, Zachariah; Fry, Meridith M.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Smith, Steven J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Naik, Vaishali] NOAA, UCAR, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Anenberg, Susan] US EPA, Washington, DC 20004 USA. [Horowitz, Larry W.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Lamarque, Jean-Francois] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. RP West, JJ (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM jasonwest@unc.edu RI Horowitz, Larry/D-8048-2014; Zhang, Yuqiang/C-5027-2015; Naik, Vaishali/A-4938-2013; Lamarque, Jean-Francois/L-2313-2014; West, Jason/J-2322-2015; Zhang, Yuqiang/P-2682-2016 OI Horowitz, Larry/0000-0002-5886-3314; Zhang, Yuqiang/0000-0002-9161-7086; Naik, Vaishali/0000-0002-2254-1700; Lamarque, Jean-Francois/0000-0002-4225-5074; West, Jason/0000-0001-5652-4987; Zhang, Yuqiang/0000-0002-9161-7086 FU US Environmental Protection Agency STAR [834285]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [1 R21 ES022600-01]; Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [SFRH/BD/62759/2009]; EPA STAR; National Science Foundation FX This publication was financially supported by the US Environmental Protection Agency STAR grant #834285, the Integrated Assessment Research Program in the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences grant #1 R21 ES022600-01, fellowship SFRH/BD/62759/2009 from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (to R.A.S.), and an EPA STAR Graduate Fellowship (to M.M.F.). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the grantee and do not necessarily represent the official views of the USEPA or other funding sources. USEPA and other funding sources do not endorse the purchase of any commercial products or services mentioned in the publication. NCAR is operated by the University Corporation of Atmospheric Research under sponsorship of the National Science Foundation. We thank the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration for computing resources, L. Emmons for MOZART-4 guidance, and G.Characklis NR 30 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 23 U2 110 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1758-678X EI 1758-6798 J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE JI Nat. Clim. Chang. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 3 IS 10 BP 885 EP 889 DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE2009 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 249ZE UT WOS:000326818800013 PM 24926321 ER PT J AU Calderon, RL Hudgens, EE Carty, C He, B Le, XC Rogers, J Thomas, DJ AF Calderon, Rebecca L. Hudgens, Edward E. Carty, Cara He, Bin Le, X. Chris Rogers, John Thomas, David J. TI Biological and behavioral factors modify biomarkers of arsenic exposure in a U.S. population SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Arsenic; Biomarker; Exposure; Drinking water; Seafood; United States ID DRINKING-WATER; WEST-BENGAL; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; CONSUMPTION PATTERNS; MICHIGAN POPULATION; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; DIETARY-INTAKE; RURAL VILLAGE; US POPULATION; COOKED RICE AB Although consumption of drinking water contaminated with inorganic arsenic is usually considered the primary exposure route, aggregate exposure to arsenic depends on direct consumption of water, use of water in food preparation, and the presence in arsenicals in foods. To gain insight into the effects of biological and behavioral factors on arsenic exposure, we determined arsenic concentrations in urine and toenails in a U.S. population that uses public or private water supplies containing inorganic arsenic. Study participants were 904 adult residents of Churchill County, Nevada, whose home tap water supplies contained <3 to about 1200 mu g of arsenic per liter. Biomarkers of exposure for this study were summed urinary concentrations of inorganic arsenic and its methylated metabolites (speciated arsenical), of all urinary arsenicals (total arsenical), and of all toenail arsenicals (total arsenical). Increased tap water arsenic concentration and consumption were associated with significant upward trends for urinary speciated and total and toenail total arsenical concentrations. Significant gender differences in concentrations of speciated and total arsenicals in urine and toenails reflected male-female difference in water intake. Both recent and higher habitual seafood consumption significantly increased urinary total but not speciated arsenical concentration. In a stepwise general linear model, seafood consumption significantly predicted urinary total arsenical but not urinary speciated or toenail total arsenical concentrations. Smoking behavior significantly predicted urinary speciated or total arsenical concentration. Gender, tap water arsenic concentration, and primary drinking water source significantly predicted urinary speciated and total concentrations and toenail total arsenical concentrations. These findings confirm the primacy of home tap water as a determinant of arsenic concentration in urine and toenails. However, biological and behavioral factors can modify exposure response relations for these biomarkers. Refining estimates of the influence of these factors will permit better models of dose response relations for this important environmental contaminant Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Calderon, Rebecca L.; Hudgens, Edward E.; Carty, Cara] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [He, Bin; Le, X. Chris] Univ Alberta, Fac Med & Dent, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada. [Rogers, John] WESTAT Corp, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Thomas, David J.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Thomas, DJ (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM thomas.david@epa.gov RI Le, X. Chris/O-4947-2015 OI Le, X. Chris/0000-0002-7690-6701 FU Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This research was supported by the Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 64 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 23 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 EI 1096-0953 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 126 BP 134 EP 144 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2013.04.004 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 240ZC UT WOS:000326135200018 PM 23777639 ER PT J AU Longnecker, MP Harbak, K Kissling, GE Hoppin, JA Eggesbo, M Jusko, TA Eide, J Koch, HM AF Longnecker, M. P. Harbak, K. Kissling, G. E. Hoppin, J. A. Eggesbo, M. Jusko, T. A. Eide, J. Koch, H. M. TI The concentration of bisphenol A in urine is affected by specimen collection, a preservative, and handling SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Bisphenol A; Urine specimen collection; Contamination ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; NORWEGIAN MOTHER; CHILD COHORT; QUANTIFICATION; CONTAMINATION; EXPOSURE; SAMPLES AB In urine specimens that were collected from pregnant women in a large cohort, 24% contained more than 10 ng/ml of total bisphenol A (BPA), suggesting external contamination. Therefore, we conducted an investigation of the source(s) of extraneous BPA in the specimens. We found that under the conditions' used to collect urine specimens in the epidemiologic study, contamination with BPA occurred, and by two separate mechanisms. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Longnecker, M. P.; Hoppin, J. A.; Jusko, T. A.] NIH DHHS USA, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Harbak, K.] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Div Publ Relat, N-0403 Oslo, Norway. [Harbak, K.] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Inst Resources, N-0403 Oslo, Norway. [Kissling, G. E.] NIH DHHS USA, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Eggesbo, M.] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Genes & Environm, Div Epidemiol, N-0403 Oslo, Norway. [Eide, J.] Oslo Univ HE, N-0424 Oslo, Norway. [Koch, H. M.] Ruhr Univ Bochum IPA, Inst Prevent, D-44789 Bochum, Germany. [Koch, H. M.] Ruhr Univ Bochum IPA, Occupat Med German Social Accid Insurance Inst, Bochum, Germany. RP Longnecker, MP (reprint author), NIH DHHS USA, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, POB 12233,MD A3-05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM Longnec1@niehs.nih.gov; Kari.Harbak@fhi.no; Kissling@niehs.nih.gov; Hoppin1@niehs.nih.gov; Merete.eggesbo@fhi.no; todd_jusko@urmc.rochester.edu; joeide@ous-hf.no; koch@ipa-dguv.de RI Koch, Holger/B-3277-2011; OI Koch, Holger/0000-0002-8328-2837; Longnecker, Matthew/0000-0001-6073-5322; Eggesbo, Merete/0000-0002-0006-5336 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) FX This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS). NR 14 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 EI 1096-0953 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 126 BP 211 EP 214 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2013.07.002 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 240ZC UT WOS:000326135200029 PM 23899777 ER PT J AU Personna, YR Slater, L Ntarlagiannis, D Werkema, D Szabo, Z AF Personna, Yves Robert Slater, Lee Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios Werkema, Dale Szabo, Zoltan TI Complex resistivity signatures of ethanol biodegradation in porous media SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Complex resistivity; Biogeophysics; Ethanol; Biofuels; Biodegradation; Redox reactions ID SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; INDUCED-POLARIZATION; NATURAL ATTENUATION; GEOPHYSICAL SIGNATURES; CONTAMINATED SITES; LOW-FREQUENCY; NEAT ETHANOL; AQUIFER; GROUNDWATER; HYDROCARBON AB Numerous adverse effects are associated with the accidental release of ethanol (EtOH) and its persistence in the subsurface. Geophysical techniques may permit non-invasive, real time monitoring of microbial degradation of hydrocarbon. We performed complex resistivity (CR) measurements in conjunction with geochemical data analysis on three microbial-stimulated and two control columns to investigate changes in electrical properties during EtOH biodegradation processes in porous media. A Debye Decomposition approach was applied to determine the chargeability (m), normalized chargeability (m(n)) and time constant (tau) of the polarization magnitude and relaxation length scale as a function of time. The CR responses showed a clear distinction between the bioaugmented and control columns in terms of real (sigma') and imaginary (sigma") conductivity, phase (phi) and apparent formation factor (F-app). Unlike the control columns, a substantial decrease in sigma' and increase in F-app occurred at an early time (within 4 days) of the experiment for all three bioaugmented columns. The observed decrease in sigma' is opposite to previous studies on hydrocarbon biodegradation. These columns also exhibited increases in phi (up to similar to 9 mrad) and sigma" (up to two order of magnitude higher) 5 weeks after microbial inoculation. Variations in m and m(n) were consistent with temporal changes in phi and sigma" responses, respectively. Temporal geochemical changes and high resolution scanning electron microscopy imaging corroborated the CR findings, thus indicating the sensitivity of CR measurements to EtOH biodegradation processes. Our results offer insight into the potential application of CR measurements for long-term monitoring of biogeochemical and mineralogical changes during intrinsic and induced EtOH biodegradation in the subsurface. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Personna, Yves Robert; Slater, Lee; Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Werkema, Dale] US Environm Protect Agcy NERL, CMB, ESD LV, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Szabo, Zoltan] US Geol Survey, New Jersey Water Sci Ctr, W Trenton, NJ 08628 USA. RP Personna, YR (reprint author), New Jersey Inst Technol, Ctr Nat Resources Dev & Protect, Room 213,Fac Mem Hall,323 MLK Blvd, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. EM personna@andromeda.rutgers.edu; LSlater@andromeda.rutgers.edu; dimntar@andromeda.rutgers.edu; Werkema.D@epamail.epa.gov; zszabo@usgs.gov FU United States Protection Agency (U.S.EPA) through its Office of Research and Development [EP10D000751] FX The United States Protection Agency (U.S.EPA) through its Office of Research and Development partially funded the research described here under contract # EP10D000751 to Yves Robert Personna. The manuscript has been subjected to U.S.EPA and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) review and approved for publication. We thank Lily Young (Rutgers-New Brunswick) and Abigail Porter (Rutgers-New Brunswick) for their help with the methane analysis and their advice on microbial work. We also thank Alan Williams (U.S.EPA) for the SEM analysis and Nathan Yee (Rutgers-New Brunswick) for his help with the acetate analysis. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments that helped improve the manuscript. Michele M. Lorah (USGS) provided valuable review comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 75 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 EI 1873-6009 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 153 BP 37 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2013.07.005 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 245AF UT WOS:000326430600003 PM 23969406 ER PT J AU Yan, ZL Zhang, JC Lin, G Zhang, H Ding, Y Wang, H AF Yan, Z. L. Zhang, J. C. Lin, G. Zhang, H. Ding, Y. Wang, H. TI Fabrication process optimization of hemp fibre-reinforced polypropylene composites SO JOURNAL OF REINFORCED PLASTICS AND COMPOSITES LA English DT Article DE Hemp fibre; natural fibre composites; internal mixing process; mechanical properties; orthogonal design ID BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS AB Natural fibre-reinforced composites have attracted great research and economic interests because of their outstanding green' characteristics compared with glass fibre-reinforced composites. It is very important to understand the processing effect on the natural fibre-reinforced composites mechanical properties because of the natural fibre degradation characteristics. Optimizing the fabrication process, especially the compounding process, is effective to achieve the optimal properties of the composites. In this research a natural fibre, noil hemp fibre, was applied to reinforce polypropylene with internal mixing process. The influence of compounding parameters, such as mixing temperature, mixing time and rotor speed, on the mechanical properties (tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength) of the noil hemp fibre/polypropylene composites was investigated using orthogonal method and the evidence of thermogravimetric analysis test of fibre and the observation of fibre dispersion in resin. The range analysis and variance of analysis demonstrated that the mixing temperature has significant effect on the three mechanical properties, mixing time has minor influence on the tensile and flexural strengths, and rotor speed mainly affects the impact strength. The thermogravimetric analysis test of noil hemp fibre and the fibre dispersion in resin show that a combination of low mixing temperature, short mixing time and high rotor speed of compounding process is helpful to achieve certain fibre dispersion without serious thermal degradation of fibre. Noil hemp fibre/polypropylene composites with the best comprehensive mechanical properties could be obtained at 165? for 12min with rotor speed 50r/min. C1 [Yan, Z. L.; Wang, H.] Univ So Queensland, Ctr Excellence Engn Fibre Composites, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. [Yan, Z. L.] Special High Value Biomass Ind & Technol Innovat, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Zhang, J. C.; Zhang, H.] Res Ctr China Hemp Mat, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Lin, G.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Ding, Y.] Beijing Univ Chem Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Technol, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. RP Yan, ZL (reprint author), Univ So Queensland, Ctr Excellence Engn Fibre Composites, West St, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. EM yan_zili@sina.com; hao.wang@usq.edu.au FU Centre of Excellence in Engineered Fibre Composites; Special High Value Biomass Industry and Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance of China FX This work has been supported by Centre of Excellence in Engineered Fibre Composites and Special High Value Biomass Industry and Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance of China. The authors would like to thank Wenzhou Lisen Enterprises Co., Ltd for its help in carrying out the experimental work. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 26 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0731-6844 EI 1530-7964 J9 J REINF PLAST COMP JI J. Reinf. Plast. Compos. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 32 IS 20 SI SI BP 1504 EP 1512 DI 10.1177/0731684413501925 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 239GX UT WOS:000326011700002 ER PT J AU Meyer, JL Rogers-Burch, S Leet, JK Villeneuve, DL Ankley, GT Sepulveda, MS AF Meyer, Jennifer L. Rogers-Burch, Sara Leet, Jessica K. Villeneuve, Daniel L. Ankley, Gerald T. Sepulveda, Maria S. TI Reproductive Physiology in Eastern Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentine) Exposed to Runoff from a Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE CAFO; reptile; reproduction; testosterone; vitellogenin ID PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; CLUTCH; RIVER AB The eastern snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina) is widely distributed throughout the eastern and central US and is a useful model organism to study land-use impacts on water quality. We compared the reproductive condition of turtles from a pond impacted by runoff from land applied with animal manure from a concentrated animal feeding operation (CAFO) relative to animals from a control pond. Turtles from the CAFO site were heavier and had higher plasma concentrations of vitellogenin (VTG, meani +/- SE; females; 859 +/- 115 vs. 401 +/- 127 ng/mL from controls) and testosterone (T, males; 39 +/- 7.0 vs. 3.8 +/- 6.9 ng/mL from controls). No VTG was detected in males. Body mass was positively con-elated with VTG and T. Our results suggest that nutrient pollution of the CAFO pond indirectly resulted in higher plasma VTG in females and T in males because of an increase in body mass. The population-level consequences of these effects are not clear, but could result in females producing larger clutches. C1 [Meyer, Jennifer L.; Rogers-Burch, Sara; Leet, Jessica K.; Sepulveda, Maria S.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Villeneuve, Daniel L.; Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Sepulveda, MS (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM mssepulv@purdue.edu RI Sepulveda, Maria/P-3598-2014 FU US Environmental Protection Agency STAR program [RD833417] FX We thank Brett Lowry for helping with turtle sampling. Rod Williams assisted with trapping and blood collection. Linda Lee and Steve Sassman conducted sex steroid analysis from water samples. Jenna Cavallin and Leah Wehmas assisted with plasma hormone analyses. Whit Gibbons provided helpful comments. This study was funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency STAR program (RD833417). NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 19 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 49 IS 4 BP 996 EP 999 DI 10.7589/2012-10-248 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 241WM UT WOS:000326199400023 PM 24502728 ER PT J AU Zhang, WX Hendrix, PF Dame, LE Burke, RA Wu, JP Neher, DA Li, JX Shao, YH Fu, SL AF Zhang, Weixin Hendrix, Paul F. Dame, Lauren E. Burke, Roger A. Wu, Jianping Neher, Deborah A. Li, Jianxiong Shao, Yuanhu Fu, Shenglei TI Earthworms facilitate carbon sequestration through unequal amplification of carbon stabilization compared with mineralization SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATE FORESTS; HARDWOOD FOREST; SOIL CARBON; LITTER; GROWTH; CASTS; DECOMPOSITION; AVAILABILITY; HUMIFICATION; AGGREGATION AB A recent review concluded that earthworm presence increases CO2 emissions by 33% but does not affect soil organic carbon stocks. However, the findings are controversial and raise new questions. Here we hypothesize that neither an increase in CO2 emission nor in stabilized carbon would entirely reflect the earthworms' contribution to net carbon sequestration. We show how two widespread earthworm invaders affect net carbon sequestration through impacts on the balance of carbon mineralization and carbon stabilization. Earthworms accelerate carbon activation and induce unequal amplification of carbon stabilization compared with carbon mineralization, which generates an earthworm-mediated 'carbon trap'. We introduce the new concept of sequestration quotient to quantify the unequal processes. The patterns of CO2 emission and net carbon sequestration are predictable by comparing sequestration quotient values between treatments with and without earthworms. This study clarifies an ecological mechanism by which earthworms may regulate the terrestrial carbon sink. C1 [Zhang, Weixin; Shao, Yuanhu; Fu, Shenglei] Chinese Acad Sci, South China Bot Garden, Key Lab Vegetat Restorat & Management Degraded Ec, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Hendrix, Paul F.; Dame, Lauren E.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Burke, Roger A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Wu, Jianping] Nanchang Inst Technol, Inst Ecol & Environm Sci, Nanchang 330099, Peoples R China. [Neher, Deborah A.] Univ Vermont, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Li, Jianxiong] Guangdong Acad Sci, Guangdong Entomol Inst, Guangzhou 510260, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Fu, SL (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, South China Bot Garden, Key Lab Vegetat Restorat & Management Degraded Ec, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM sfu@scbg.ac.cn RI Zhang, Weixin/D-3540-2017 OI Zhang, Weixin/0000-0001-9656-9522 FU NSFC [Y011091001, U1131001, 30925010, 41171219]; NSF [DEB-0236276] FX We thank B. Snyder, M. A. Callaham Jr, C-Y. Huang, Y. Carrillo, B. Ball, D. C. Coleman, W-X. Zhu, H. Ferris, S. James, S. Adl, J. Blackmon, T. Maddox, Y. B. Zhao, M. Ding, Jorge Ferreiro, B-L. Li, C. H. Fox, W. Cheng and S. Hu for discussion of experimental design or help with the field survey, lab work and manuscript preparation. This paper has been reviewed in accordance with the USEPA's peer and administrative review policies and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the USEPA. This work was supported by NSFC (Y011091001, U1131001, 30925010 and 41171219) and NSF (DEB-0236276). NR 30 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 12 U2 115 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 4 AR 2576 DI 10.1038/ncomms3576 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 245NM UT WOS:000326470400020 PM 24129390 ER PT J AU Paprotny, I Doering, F Solomon, PA White, RM Gundel, LA AF Paprotny, Igor Doering, Frederick Solomon, Paul A. White, Richard M. Gundel, Lara A. TI Microfabricated air-microfluidic sensor for personal monitoring of airborne particulate matter: Design, fabrication, and experimental results SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL LA English DT Article DE Air quality monitoring; PM2.5; Air-microfluidics; MEMS ID POLLUTION; PERFORMANCE; PARTICLES; EXPOSURE; SAMPLER; MASS AB We present the design and fabrication of a micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) air-microfluidic particulate matter (PM) sensor, and show experimental results obtained from exposing the sensor to concentrations of tobacco smoke and diesel exhaust, two commonly occurring PM sources. Our sensor measures only 25 mm x 21 mm x 2 mm in size and is two orders of magnitude smaller than commercially available direct mass PM sensors. The small shape allows our sensor to be used for continuous recording of personal PM exposure levels. The sensor contains an air-microfluidic circuit that separates the particles by size (virtual impactor) and then transports and deposits the selected particles using thermophoretic precipitation onto the surface of a microfabricated mass-sensitive film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR). The mass-loading of the FBAR causes a change in its resonant frequency, and the rate of the frequency change corresponds to the particle concentration in the sampled air volume. We present experimental results that demonstrate the performance of our sensor for measuring PM mass emitted from diesel exhaust and tobacco smoke, and show that it exhibits sensitivity approaching 2 mu g/m(3) with up to 10 min integration time. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Paprotny, Igor; Doering, Frederick; White, Richard M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Paprotny, Igor; Gundel, Lara A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Solomon, Paul A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Paprotny, I (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM igorpapa@eecs.berkeley.edu; solomon.paul@epa.gov; rwhite@eecs.berkeley.edu; LAGundel@lbl.gov FU Intel Corp.; Qualcomm; Aclima Inc.; California Tobacco-Related Research Program, NIOSH [5R21OH008891-03]; Technology Commercial Fund of the U.S. DOE [DE-FG36-0XGO1XXXX, DE-AC02-05CH11231]; University of California FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the Intel Corp., Qualcomm, and Aclima Inc. for their generous financial support of this work. We would like to acknowledge Justin Black for his initial work on this project. The microfabrication tasks were performed at the Marvell Nanofabrication Laboratory at UC Berkeley. The authors would like to thank Doug Sullivan from EETD for help in testing the sensor prototype, as well as Allison Woodruff and Alan Mainwaring from Intel Corp. for their supportive comments and technical discussions. We thank TSI for the loan of aerosol equipment and Kenneth (Beau) Farmer of TSI for consistent encouragement. Finally, we would like to acknowledge the support of Rich Ruby and Avago Technologies Inc. for providing high quality FBARs for our sensors, as well as for stimulating discussions. The California Tobacco-Related Research Program, NIOSH (Project No. 5R21OH008891-03), and Project DE-FG36-0XGO1XXXX of the Technology Commercial Fund of the U.S. DOE supported parts of this project that were conducted at LBNL through DOE contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 with the University of California. NR 31 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 13 U2 79 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0924-4247 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT A-PHYS JI Sens. Actuator A-Phys. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 201 BP 506 EP 516 DI 10.1016/j.sna.2012.12.026 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 236YW UT WOS:000325836400064 ER PT J AU Shen, J Xu, L Fang, H Richard, AM Bray, JD Judson, RS Zhou, GX Colatsky, TJ Aungst, JL Teng, C Harris, SC Ge, WG Dai, SY Su, ZQ Jacobs, AC Harrouk, W Perkins, R Tong, WD Hong, HX AF Shen, Jie Xu, Lei Fang, Hong Richard, Ann M. Bray, Jeffrey D. Judson, Richard S. Zhou, Guangxu Colatsky, Thomas J. Aungst, Jason L. Teng, Christina Harris, Steve C. Ge, Weigong Dai, Susie Y. Su, Zhenqiang Jacobs, Abigail C. Harrouk, Wafa Perkins, Roger Tong, Weida Hong, Huixiao TI EADB: An Estrogenic Activity Database for Assessing Potential Endocrine Activity SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE endocrine disruptor; estrogen receptor; estrogenic activity; database ID DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; RECEPTOR MODULATORS; BINDING AFFINITIES; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; UPDATE; INFORMATION; MECHANISMS; DISCOVERY; TOXICITY; LIGANDS AB Endocrine-active chemicals can potentially have adverse effects on both humans and wildlife. They can interfere with the bodys endocrine system through direct or indirect interactions with many protein targets. Estrogen receptors (ERs) are one of the major targets, and many endocrine disruptors are estrogenic and affect the normal estrogen signaling pathways. However, ERs can also serve as therapeutic targets for various medical conditions, such as menopausal symptoms, osteoporosis, and ER-positive breast cancer. Because of the decades-long interest in the safety and therapeutic utility of estrogenic chemicals, a large number of chemicals have been assayed for estrogenic activity, but these data exist in various sources and different formats that restrict the ability of regulatory and industry scientists to utilize them fully for assessing risk-benefit. To address this issue, we have developed an Estrogenic Activity Database (EADB; ) and made it freely available to the public. EADB contains 18,114 estrogenic activity data points collected for 8212 chemicals tested in 1284 binding, reporter gene, cell proliferation, and in vivo assays in 11 different species. The chemicals cover a broad chemical structure space and the data span a wide range of activities. A set of tools allow users to access EADB and evaluate potential endocrine activity of chemicals. As a case study, a classification model was developed using EADB for predicting ER binding of chemicals. C1 [Shen, Jie; Zhou, Guangxu; Harris, Steve C.; Ge, Weigong; Su, Zhenqiang; Perkins, Roger; Tong, Weida; Hong, Huixiao] US FDA, Div Bioinformat & Biostat, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. [Xu, Lei] Changan Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Xian 710064, Peoples R China. [Fang, Hong] US FDA, Off Sci Coordinat, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. [Richard, Ann M.; Judson, Richard S.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bray, Jeffrey D.] US FDA, Div Reprod & Urol Prod, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA. [Colatsky, Thomas J.] US FDA, Div Drug Safety Res, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA. [Aungst, Jason L.] US FDA, Div Food Contact Notificat, Off Food Addit Safety, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Teng, Christina] NIEHS, Div Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Dai, Susie Y.] Texas A&M Univ, Off Texas State Chem & Vet Pathobiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Jacobs, Abigail C.] US FDA, Off New Drugs, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA. [Harrouk, Wafa] US FDA, Div Nonprescript Clin Evaluat, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA. RP Hong, HX (reprint author), US FDA, Div Bioinformat & Biostat, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, 3900 NCTR Rd, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. EM huixiao.hong@fda.hhs.gov OI Judson, Richard/0000-0002-2348-9633 FU Research Participation Program at the National Center for Toxicological Research FX Research Participation Program at the National Center for Toxicological Research (J.S.) administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. NR 39 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 24 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 135 IS 2 BP 277 EP 291 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kft164 PG 15 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 244JM UT WOS:000326384200004 PM 23897986 ER PT J AU Carll, AP Hazari, MS Perez, CM Krantz, QT King, CJ Haykal-Coates, N Cascio, WE Costa, DL Farraj, AK AF Carll, Alex P. Hazari, Mehdi S. Perez, Christina M. Krantz, Q. Todd King, Charly J. Haykal-Coates, Najwa Cascio, Wayne E. Costa, Daniel L. Farraj, Aimen K. TI An Autonomic Link Between Inhaled Diesel Exhaust and Impaired Cardiac Performance: Insight From Treadmill and Dobutamine Challenges in Heart FailureProne Rats SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE air pollution; autonomic; cardiac function; cardiovascular; diesel exhaust; electrocardiography; heart failure; heart rate variability; rat; stress test ID SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE-RATS; PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; RATE-VARIABILITY; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; OXIDATIVE STRESS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; PRONE RATS; INHALATION; EXPOSURE; EXERCISE AB Cardiac disease exacerbation is associated with short-term exposure to vehicular emissions. Diesel exhaust (DE) might impair cardiac performance in part through perturbing efferent sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic nervous system (ANS) input to the heart. We hypothesized that acute changes in ANS balance mediate decreased cardiac performance upon DE inhalation. Young adult heart failureprone rats were implanted with radiotelemeters to measure heart rate (HR), HR variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), core body temperature, and pre-ejection period (PEP, a contractility index). Animals pretreated with sympathetic antagonist (atenolol), parasympathetic antagonist (atropine), or saline were exposed to DE (500 g/m(3) fine particulate matter, 4h) or filtered air and then treadmill exercise challenged. At 1 day postexposure, separate rats were catheterized for left ventricular pressure (LVP), contractility, and lusitropy and assessed for autonomic influence using the sympathoagonist dobutamine and surgical vagotomy. During DE exposure, atenolol inhibited increases in HR, BP, and contractility, but not body temperature, suggesting a role for sympathetic dominance. During treadmill recovery at 4h post-DE exposure, HR and HRV indicated parasympathetic dominance in saline- and atenolol-pretreated groups that atropine inhibited. Conversely, at treadmill recovery 21h post-DE exposure, HRV and PEP indicated sympathetic dominance and subsequently diminished contractility that only atenolol inhibited. LVP at 1 day postexposure indicated that DE impaired contractility and lusitropy while abolishing parasympathetic-regulated cardiac responses to dobutamine. This is the first evidence that air pollutant inhalation both causes time-dependent oscillations between sympathetic and parasympathetic dominance and decreases cardiac performance via aberrant sympathetic dominance. C1 [Carll, Alex P.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Hazari, Mehdi S.; Krantz, Q. Todd; King, Charly J.; Haykal-Coates, Najwa; Cascio, Wayne E.; Farraj, Aimen K.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Perez, Christina M.] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Costa, Daniel L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Farraj, AK (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Mail Code B143-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM farraj.aimen@epa.gov OI Carll, Alex/0000-0003-1832-3070 FU EPA/UNC Toxicology Training Agreement [CR-83515201-0] FX EPA/UNC Toxicology Training Agreement (CR-83515201-0 to A.P.C.). NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 135 IS 2 BP 425 EP 436 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kft155 PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 244JM UT WOS:000326384200017 PM 23872579 ER PT J AU Paul, KB Thompson, JT Simmons, SO Vanden Heuvel, JP Crofton, KM AF Paul, Katie B. Thompson, Jerry T. Simmons, Steven O. Vanden Heuvel, John P. Crofton, Kevin M. TI Evidence for triclosan-induced activation of human and rodent xenobiotic nuclear receptors SO TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO LA English DT Article DE Triclosan; Pregnane-X receptor; Constitutive androstane receptor; Thyroid disruption; Hepatic catabolism ID PREGNANE-X-RECEPTOR; CONSTITUTIVE-ANDROSTANE RECEPTOR; MICROSOMAL-ENZYME INDUCERS; GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASE MESSENGER-RNA; ANION-TRANSPORTING POLYPEPTIDE-2; THYROID-HORMONE METABOLISM; CYP2B6 GENE-EXPRESSION; MATERNAL HYPOTHYROXINEMIA; RAT-LIVER; IN-VIVO AB The bacteriostat triclosan (2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenylether) (TCS) decreases rat serum thyroxine via putative nuclear receptor (NR) interaction(s) and subsequent transcriptional up-regulation of hepatic catabolism and clearance. However, due to the evolutionary divergence of the constitutive androstane and pregnane-X receptors (CAR, PXR), TCS-mediated downstream effects may be species-dependent. To test the hypothesis that TCS activates xenobiotic NRs across species, cell-based NR reporter assays were employed to assess potential activation of rat, mouse, and human PXR, and rat, mouse, and three splice variants of human CAR. TCS activated hPXR, acted as an inverse agonist of hCAR1, and as a weak agonist of hCAR3. TCS failed to activate rPXR in full-length receptor reporter assays, and instead acted as a modest inverse agonist of rCAR. Consistent with the rat data, TCS also failed to activate mPXR and was a modest inverse agonist of mCAR. These data suggest that TCS may interact with multiple NRs, including hPXR, hCAR1, hCAR3, and rCAR in order to potentially affect hepatic catabolism. Overall these data support the conclusion that TCS may interact with NRs to regulate hepatic catabolism and downstream thyroid hormone homeostasis in both rat and human models, though perhaps by divergent mechanisms. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Paul, Katie B.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Thompson, Jerry T.; Vanden Heuvel, John P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Vanden Heuvel, John P.] INDIGO BioSci, State Coll, PA 16801 USA. [Crofton, Kevin M.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, RTP, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Crofton, KM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, RTP, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM crofton.kevin@epa.gov RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015; OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971; Simmons, Steven/0000-0001-9079-1069 FU PhRMA Foundation Predoctoral Pharmacology/Toxicology Fellowship; EPA/UNC Toxicology Research Program [CR833237]; National Institute of Environmental Health Science Training Grant [T32-ES07126] FX The authors would like to thank to Joan M. Hedge for support of this work; Drs. Miriam N. Jacobs and Mary Gilbert for review of previous versions of this manuscript; and Drs. Kim L. R. Brouwer, Michael J. DeVito, Philip C. Smith, and James A. Swenberg for review throughout this project. Triclosan was a generous gift from Drs. Edgar Liebold, James Plautz, and Lisa Navarro of BASF/Ciba Specialty Chemicals. K.B. Paul was funded by a PhRMA Foundation Predoctoral Pharmacology/Toxicology Fellowship, the EPA/UNC Toxicology Research Program Training Agreement (CR833237), and the National Institute of Environmental Health Science Training Grant (T32-ES07126) during this work. NR 95 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 28 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0887-2333 J9 TOXICOL IN VITRO JI Toxicol. Vitro PD OCT PY 2013 VL 27 IS 7 BP 2049 EP 2060 DI 10.1016/j.tiv.2013.07.008 PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 244BB UT WOS:000326361000004 PM 23899473 ER PT J AU Zhang, R Sarwar, G Fung, JCH Lau, AKH AF Zhang, Rui Sarwar, Golam Fung, Jimmy C. H. Lau, Alexis K. H. TI Role of photoexcited nitrogen dioxide chemistry on ozone formation and emission control strategy over the Pearl River Delta, China SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Excited NO2 chemistry; Ozone simulation; CMAQ; Pearl River Delta ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; CMAQ MODELING SYSTEM; COAST AIR BASIN; HONG-KONG; PHOTOCHEMICAL MECHANISMS; CHEMICAL MECHANISM; CARBON BOND; EXCITED NO2; QUALITY; REGION AB A new hydroxyl radical formation pathway via photo-excited nitrogen dioxide chemistry is incorporated into a chemistry-only box model as well as a 3D air quality model to examine its potential role on ozone formation and emission control strategy over the Pearl River Delta region in China. While the box model results suggest that the photo-excited nitrogen dioxide chemistry can substantially enhance ozone at high NOx and VOC concentrations, results of 3D air quality model show only a moderate increase in ozone. Though the photo-excited nitrogen dioxide chemistry enhances ozone by a maximum of 10 ppbV over the urban area in the vicinity of abundant NOx and VOC concentrations, its typical enhancements range between 2 and 3 ppbV. It enhances ozone within the entire planetary boundary layer under conditions featured in weak synoptic wind, abundant water vapor and strong land-sea breeze circulation. No significant improvement in model performance statistics for ozone is found with the photo-excited nitrogen dioxide chemistry. The photo-excited nitrogen dioxide chemistry marginally changes ozone responses to NOx and VOC emission controls. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Rui; Fung, Jimmy C. H.] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Math, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Sarwar, Golam] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev,RTP, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Fung, Jimmy C. H.; Lau, Alexis K. H.] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Div Environm, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Sarwar, G (reprint author), US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM sarwar.golam@epa.gov; majfung@ust.hk RI Lau, Alexis/D-7914-2013; OI Lau, Alexis/0000-0003-3802-828X; Fung, Jimmy/0000-0002-7859-8511 FU ECF Project [4/2009]; NSFC/RGC Grant [N_HKUST631/05]; NSFC-FD Grant [U1033001]; Fu Tak Iam Foundation [FTIFL08/09.EG01]; Fok Ying Tung Graduate School [NRC06/07.SC01]; [SRHIPO01] FX This work was supported by grants SRHIPO01, ECF Project 4/2009, NSFC/RGC Grant N_HKUST631/05, NSFC-FD Grant U1033001, the Fu Tak Iam Foundation (FTIFL08/09.EG01) and the Fok Ying Tung Graduate School (NRC06/07.SC01). The authors sincerely thank the Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department for the provision of emission and air quality data, and the Hong Kong Observatory for the provision of meteorological data. Although this paper has been reviewed by EPA and approved for publication, it does not necessarily reflect EPA's polices or views. NR 56 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0169-8095 EI 1873-2895 J9 ATMOS RES JI Atmos. Res. PD OCT-NOV PY 2013 VL 132 BP 332 EP 344 DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2013.06.001 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 241BN UT WOS:000326141500028 ER PT J AU Nadagouda, M AF Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna TI Green Catlysis and Organic Transformation SO CURRENT ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, WSWRD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Nadagouda, M (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, WSWRD, 26 West MLK Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM nadagouda.mallikarjuna@epa.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y-2, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1385-2728 EI 1875-5348 J9 CURR ORG CHEM JI Curr. Org. Chem. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 17 IS 20 BP 2225 EP 2226 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 240FB UT WOS:000326079200001 ER PT J AU Baig, NBR Varma, RS AF Baig, Nasir B. R. Varma, Rajender S. TI Copper Modified Magnetic Bimetallic Nano-catalysts Ligand Regulated Catalytic Activity SO CURRENT ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Anchoring; Bimetallic; Copper; Dopamine; Glutathione; Magnetic nano particles; Nano ferrites ID SULFUR BOND FORMATION; AZIDE-ALKYNE CYCLOADDITION; ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS; 1,4-DISUBSTITUTED 1,2,3-TRIAZOLES; HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS; HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSIS; RECYCLABLE CATALYST; COUPLING REACTIONS; NICKEL-CATALYST; ARYL HALIDES AB Postsynthetic modification of magnetic nano ferrites (Fe3O4) has been accomplished by anchoring glutathione and dopamine on the surface. The Cu nano particles immobilized over these surfaces were investigated for the coupling and cyclo addition reactions. The Fe3O4-DOPA-Cu (nano-FeDOPACu) catalyst showed activity for C-S coupling reactions whereas the Fe3O4-Glut-Cu (nano-FGT-Cu) catalyst was active for cyclo addition reactions and not vice versa. C1 [Baig, Nasir B. R.; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM varma.rajender@.epa.gov FU Postgraduate Research Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory FX Nasir Baig R B is supported by the Postgraduate Research Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 63 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 14 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y-2, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1385-2728 EI 1875-5348 J9 CURR ORG CHEM JI Curr. Org. Chem. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 17 IS 20 BP 2227 EP 2237 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 240FB UT WOS:000326079200002 ER PT J AU Kou, JH Varma, RS AF Kou, Jiahui Varma, Rajender S. TI Size Controlled Two-dimensional Co3O4 with Exposure of {111} Plane: Synthesis and Catalytic Properties for Photooxidation of Organics SO CURRENT ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Photocatalysis; Co3O4; Two-dimension; Crystal plane; Photooxidation ID DOMINANT 001 FACETS; PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY; PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; METHYLENE-BLUE; DEGRADATION; HETEROJUNCTION; TEMPERATURE; NANOSHEETS; OXIDATION; NANOPARTICLES AB The size controlled 2D hexagonal structured Co3O4 with exposure of {111} plane was fabricated, and the catalytic properties for photooxidation of organics using as-prepared samples were investigated. 2D hexagonal structured Co3O4 with the size of 3 mu m displays the higher photocatalytic activity than 200 nm size for the photooxidation of IPA and cyclohexanol, both of which are higher than bulk Co3O4, suggesting that more exposure of {111} planes provides Co3O4 with greatly enhanced photocatalytic activity. C1 [Kou, Jiahui; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM varma.rajender@.epa.gov NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 19 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y-2, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1385-2728 EI 1875-5348 J9 CURR ORG CHEM JI Curr. Org. Chem. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 17 IS 20 BP 2238 EP 2242 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 240FB UT WOS:000326079200003 ER PT J AU Vaddula, BR Varma, RS Gonzalez, MA AF Vaddula, Buchi R. Varma, Rajender S. Gonzalez, Michael A. TI Supported Ruthenium Catalysts for Sustainable Flow Chemistry SO CURRENT ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Ruthenium; Continuous flow reactor; Catalyst immobilization; Monoliths ID OLEFIN METATHESIS; MONOLITHIC MATERIALS; HYDROGENATION; BATCH; OXIDATION; ALCOHOLS; COMPLEX; PHASES; SILICA; SYSTEM AB Continuous flow processes play a significant role in the process intensification of organic transformations, as is evident from the multitude of flow reactors that have been developed for various specific needs. These flow processes are deemed more sustainable due to the advantages associated with their use which include improved safety, enhanced efficiency, increased atom-economy and conversion, and ease of handling. The use of an immobilized catalyst further enhances the sustainability of organic transformations performed in flow reactors, which is exemplified in this review article with the application of immobilized ruthenium catalysts in continuous flow organic transformations during the last decade. C1 [Vaddula, Buchi R.; Varma, Rajender S.; Gonzalez, Michael A.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr,MS 483, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM varma.rajender@epa.gov; gonzalez.michael@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development FX B.R. was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the EPA. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 22 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y-2, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1385-2728 EI 1875-5348 J9 CURR ORG CHEM JI Curr. Org. Chem. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 17 IS 20 BP 2268 EP 2278 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 240FB UT WOS:000326079200007 ER PT J AU Takkellapati, SR AF Takkellapati, Sudhakar R. TI Microwave-assisted Chemical Transformations SO CURRENT ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Microwaves; Nucleosides; Nucleotides; Oligonucleotides ID CLICK CHEMISTRY APPROACH; CROSS-COUPLING REACTIONS; MODERN ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS; ACYCLIC C-NUCLEOSIDES; ANTI-HIV ACTIVITY; SUBSTITUTED PYRIMIDINONES; REGIOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS; EFFICIENT SYNTHESIS; FACILE SYNTHESIS; N-NUCLEOSIDES AB In recent years, there has been a considerable interest in developing sustainable chemistries utilizing green chemistry principles. Since the first published report in 1986 by Gedye and Giguere on microwave assisted synthesis in household microwave ovens, the use of microwaves as an alternate non-conventional energy source in organic synthesis has been extensively explored. Microwave irradiation has been successfully applied in various organic chemical transformations. The current review summarizes the applications of microwave irradiation in the synthesis of nucleosides and nucleotides and their chemical transformations. C1 US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Takkellapati, SR (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Lab, Off Res & Dev, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Takkellapati.Sudhakar@epa.gov FU U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed, or partially funded and collaborated in, the research described herein. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 71 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 18 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y-2, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1385-2728 EI 1875-5348 J9 CURR ORG CHEM JI Curr. Org. Chem. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 17 IS 20 BP 2305 EP 2322 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 240FB UT WOS:000326079200009 ER PT J AU Baig, NBR Varma, RS AF Baig, Nasir B. R. Varma, Rajender S. TI Synthesis of Unnatural Amino Acids via Microwave-assisted Regio-selective One-pot multi-component Reactions of Sulfamidates SO CURRENT ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Sulfamidates; Click chemistry; Unnatural amino acids; Triazole; Microwave ID CLICK CHEMISTRY; ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS; AQUEOUS-MEDIUM; 1,3-DIPOLAR CYCLOADDITIONS; MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY; TERMINAL ALKYNES; FACILE ENTRY; V-TRIAZOLES; SOLID-PHASE; AZIDES AB Synthesis of triazole based unnatural amino acids, triazole bis-amino acids and beta-amino triazole has been described via stereo and regio-selective one-pot multi-component reaction of sulfamidates, sodium azide, and alkynes under MW irradiation conditions. The developed method is applicable to a broad substrate scope and has significant potential for the synthesis of triazole modified unnatural amino acids. C1 [Baig, Nasir B. R.; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM varma.rajender@.epa.gov FU Postgraduate Research Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory FX Nasir Baig R B was supported by the Postgraduate Research Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 11 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y-2, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1385-2728 EI 1875-5348 J9 CURR ORG CHEM JI Curr. Org. Chem. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 17 IS 20 BP 2323 EP 2331 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 240FB UT WOS:000326079200010 ER PT J AU Takkellapati, SR Nadagouda, MN AF Takkellapati, Sudhakar R. Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N. TI Microwave Assisted Alkylation of Amines with Alcohols; Magnetically Recoverable Catalysis SO CURRENT ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Alkylation; Alcohols; Amines; Manganese oxide impregnated gamma-Fe2O3; Microwave; Solvent free ID N-ALKYLATION; RUTHENIUM; SULFONAMIDES; AMINATION; AMIDES; AIR AB A simple, solvent free, microwave assisted alkylation of amines with alcohols catalyzed by manganese oxide impregnated gamma-Fe2O3 is reported. C1 [Takkellapati, Sudhakar R.] US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, STD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N.] US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, WSWRD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Takkellapati, SR (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, STD, 26 West MLK Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Takkellapati.Sudhakar@epa.gov; nadagouda.mallikarjuna@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed, or partially funded and collaborated in, the research described herein. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y-2, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1385-2728 EI 1875-5348 J9 CURR ORG CHEM JI Curr. Org. Chem. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 17 IS 20 BP 2332 EP 2337 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 240FB UT WOS:000326079200011 ER PT J AU Rammohan, G Nadagouda, MN AF Rammohan, Gayathri Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N. TI Green Photocatalysis for Degradation of Organic Contaminants: A Review SO CURRENT ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE Advanced oxidation process; Organic contaminants; Photocatalysis; Titanium dioxide (TiO2); UV; Wastewater treatment ID POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; TIO2 PHOTOCATALYSIS; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; SOLAR LIGHT; PESTICIDES; WATER; SUSPENSIONS; PHENOL; 2-CHLOROBIPHENYL; PCBS AB Many organic pesticides that were banned a few decades ago, as well as those that are currently in use in many parts of the world, pose some serious threat to human life and the ecosystem because of their persistent and bioaccumulative nature. In the recent years advanced oxidation technology has been widely employed in water treatment for elimination of resistant organics. An actively researched green chemistry approach to treat recalcitrant and harmful organic priority pollutants is titanium dioxide mediated photocatalysis. A number of recent studies have focused on enhancing the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of TiO2 using various approaches such as doping with metals and non-metals, formation of composites with polymers and bonding with suitable clays. Many researchers have conducted studies to predict the optimal conditions required to obtain maximum photocatalytic rates. Also, the ability to operate this technology using solar irradiation at ambient temperatures makes it an economically favorable option. C1 [Rammohan, Gayathri; Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N.] US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, WSWRD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Nadagouda, MN (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, WSWRD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Nadagouda.Mallikarjuna@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed, or partially funded and collaborated in, the research described herein. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 43 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 8 U2 76 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y-2, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1385-2728 EI 1875-5348 J9 CURR ORG CHEM JI Curr. Org. Chem. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 17 IS 20 BP 2338 EP 2348 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 240FB UT WOS:000326079200012 ER PT J AU Kettleson, E Kumar, S Reponen, T Vesper, S Meheust, D Grinshpun, SA Adhikari, A AF Kettleson, E. Kumar, S. Reponen, T. Vesper, S. Meheust, D. Grinshpun, S. A. Adhikari, A. TI Stenotrophomonas, Mycobacterium, and Streptomyces in home dust and air: associations with moldiness and other home/family characteristics SO INDOOR AIR LA English DT Article DE Air; Dust; Bacteria; Mold; Water damage; Microbiome ID DAMAGED BUILDING-MATERIALS; ALLERGIC BRONCHOPULMONARY ASPERGILLOSIS; REAL-TIME PCR; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; QUANTITATIVE PCR; FUNGAL SPORES; HOUSE-DUST; INDOOR AIR; MALTOPHILIA; BACTERIA AB Abstract Respiratory illnesses have been linked to children's exposures to water-damaged homes. Therefore, understanding the microbiome in water-damaged homes is critical to preventing these illnesses. Few studies have quantified bacterial contamination, especially specific species, in water-damaged homes. We collected air and dust samples in twenty-one low-mold homes and twenty-one high-mold homes. The concentrations of three bacteria/genera, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Streptomyces sp., and Mycobacterium sp., were measured in air and dust samples using quantitative PCR (QPCR). The concentrations of the bacteria measured in the air samples were not associated with any specific home characteristic based on multiple regression models. However, higher concentrations of S. maltophilia in the dust samples were associated with water damage, that is, with higher floor surface moisture and higher concentrations of moisture-related mold species. The concentrations of Streptomyces and Mycobacterium sp. had similar patterns and may be partially determined by human and animal occupants and outdoor sources of these bacteria. C1 [Kettleson, E.; Kumar, S.; Reponen, T.; Grinshpun, S. A.; Adhikari, A.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Vesper, S.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Meheust, D.] INSERM, U1085, IRSET, Rennes, France. RP Adhikari, A (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, 3223 Eden Ave,POB 670056, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. EM atin.adhikari@uc.edu FU U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development [OHLHH0199-09]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [T32ES010957-11, ES11170] FX This study was supported by the Grant No. OHLHH0199-09 from the Healthy Homes Technical Studies Program of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. We also acknowledge partial support from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Grant No. T32ES010957-11 awarded to the University of Cincinnati. The CCAAPS birth cohort study was supported by National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Grant No. ES11170. There are no financial interests to disclose. Technical assistance from Mrs. Reshmi Indugula, Mr. Christopher Schaffer, Mr. Santosh Kumar, Mr. Karteek Allam, and Mr. Lev Lazinskiy (University of Cincinnati) is graciously acknowledged. The authors are also thankful for Drs. William G. Lindsley and Bean T. Chen at NIOSH for providing the NIOSH two-stage cyclones. NR 41 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0905-6947 EI 1600-0668 J9 INDOOR AIR JI Indoor Air PD OCT PY 2013 VL 23 IS 5 BP 387 EP 396 DI 10.1111/ina.12035 PG 10 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 217TX UT WOS:000324385600005 PM 23397905 ER PT J AU Zhang, XL Van, S Tyagi, RD Surampalli, RY AF Zhang, X. L. Van, S. Tyagi, R. D. Surampalli, R. Y. TI Biodiesel production from heterotrophic microalgae through transesterification and nanotechnology application in the production SO RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Heterotrophic microalgae; Microbial oil; Transesterification; Biodiesel; Nanotechnology ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; ANTARCTICA LIPASE-B; CHLORELLA-PROTOTHECOIDES; SOYBEAN OIL; FUEL PRODUCTION; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; LIPID-ACCUMULATION; CRUDE GLYCEROL; SWEET SORGHUM; CALCIUM-OXIDE AB Vegetable oils and animal fats are the most often used feedstock in biodiesel production; however, they are also used in food production, which results in increasing the feedstock price due to the competition. Therefore, alternative feedstock is required in biodiesel production. Heterotrophic microalgae are found capable of accumulating high lipid (up to 57% w/w). They can use complex carbons such as sweet sorghum and Jerusalem artichoke as nutrients to produce equivalent quantity oil as that of using glucose, which provides a cheap biodiesel production strategy. It was found that nanomaterials could stimulate microorganism metabolism, which suggested that nanomaterial addition in the cultivation could enhance lipid production of microalgae. Furthermore, the use of nanomaterials could improve the efficiency of the lipid extraction and even accomplish it without harming the microalgae. Nanomaterials such as CaO and MgO nanoparticles have been used as biocatalyst carriers or as heterogeneous catalyst in oil transesterification to biodiesel. In this paper, the factors that could impact on lipid accumulation of heterotrophic microalgae are critically reviewed; the advances on application of nanotechnology in microalgae lipid accumulation, extraction, and transesterification are addressed. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, X. L.; Van, S.; Tyagi, R. D.] INRS Eau Terre & Environm, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US Environm Protect Agcy, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Zhang, XL (reprint author), INRS Eau Terre & Environm, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM xiaolei.zhang@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [A 4984] FX Sincere thanks are due to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant A 4984, Canada Research Chair) for their financial support. The views and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors. NR 103 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 5 U2 63 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1364-0321 J9 RENEW SUST ENERG REV JI Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 26 BP 216 EP 223 DI 10.1016/j.rser.2013.05.061 PG 8 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels GA 236YV UT WOS:000325836300015 ER PT J AU Venkatram, A Snyder, M Isakov, V AF Venkatram, Akula Snyder, Michelle Isakov, Vlad TI Modeling the impact of roadway emissions in light wind, stable and transition conditions SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Roadway emissions; Dispersion modeling; Low wind speeds; Tracer experiment ID FINITE LINE SOURCE; BOUNDARY-LAYER; DISPERSION AB This paper examines the processes that govern air pollution dispersion under light wind, stable and transition conditions by using a state-of-the-art dispersion model to interpret measurements from a tracer experiment conducted next to US highway 99 in Sacramento in 1981-1982 during the early morning and late evening when winds were light and variable. We examine the roles of stability, wind meander, and boundary layer height on concentrations measured during this study. Our analysis suggests that currently used equations for vertical plume spread need modification when the winds are light. The shallow boundary layer associated with these conditions limits vertical mixing and hence reduces the rate at which concentrations fall off with distance from the road. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Venkatram, Akula] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Snyder, Michelle; Isakov, Vlad] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Venkatram, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM venky@engr.ucr.edu FU US EPA through its Office of Research and Development FX The authors are grateful to David Heist and Steven Perry of EPA's National Exposure Research Laboratory for useful discussions on the formulation of the line source model, and for their help in constructing meteorological inputs from the Caltrans observations. The US EPA through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research, and has been subjected to Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1361-9209 J9 TRANSPORT RES D-TR E JI Transport. Res. Part D-Transport. Environ. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 24 BP 110 EP 119 DI 10.1016/j.trd.2013.06.003 PG 10 WC Environmental Studies; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Transportation GA 234TT UT WOS:000325667900014 ER PT J AU Wegienka, G Baird, D Cooper, T Woodcroft, K Havstad, S AF Wegienka, Ganesa Baird, Donna Cooper, Tracy Woodcroft, Kimberley Havstad, Suzanne TI Authors' Reply: Cytokines and Uterine Leiomyoma - A Novel Trustful Pathway? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 [Wegienka, Ganesa; Woodcroft, Kimberley; Havstad, Suzanne] Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Baird, Donna] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Cooper, Tracy] Henry Ford Hosp, Dept Diagnost Radiol, Div Ultrasound, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. RP Wegienka, G (reprint author), Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, 1 Ford Pl,3E, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. EM gwegien1@hfhs.org RI Baird, Donna/D-5214-2017 OI Baird, Donna/0000-0002-5544-2653 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1046-7408 EI 1600-0897 J9 AM J REPROD IMMUNOL JI Am. J. Reprod. Immunol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 70 IS 4 BP 263 EP 263 DI 10.1111/aji.12147 PG 1 WC Immunology; Reproductive Biology SC Immunology; Reproductive Biology GA 217SD UT WOS:000324379800001 PM 23845097 ER PT J AU Wegienka, G Baird, DD Cooper, T Woodcroft, KJ Havstad, S AF Wegienka, Ganesa Baird, Donna Day Cooper, Tracy Woodcroft, Kimberley J. Havstad, Suzanne TI Cytokine Patterns Differ Seasonally between Women with and without Uterine Leiomyomata SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chemokines; cytokines; growth factors; inflammation; leiomyoma ID REPRODUCTIVE FACTORS; MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; FIBROIDS; RISK; INFLAMMATION; HYPOTHESIS; CANCER; SUSCEPTIBILITY; ENDOMETRIOSIS; HYSTERECTOMY AB Problem Uterine leiomyomata are the most common reproductive tumor in women, and their cause is not known. Methods of Study Plasma samples from 155 women (74 with and 81 without ultrasound-confirmed leiomyoma) from a new study of leiomyoma risk factors in the Detroit, Michigan area, were examined for any cross-sectional associations between commonly examined cytokines and leiomyoma presence. Results Associations varied by season of sample collection defined a priori as winter (December-February) and non-winter seasons. In the winter months, interleukin (IL)13 and IL17 were positively and IP10 was inversely associated with having a leiomyoma. In the non-winter samples, VEGF, G-CSF, and IP10 were positively associated and Monocyte chemotactic protein-1, IL13, and IL17 were inversely associated with having a leiomyoma. Associations were not changed by adjustment for age or BMI. Conclusions These data suggest that new insight into leiomyoma formation may be acquired through investigation of the immune system. C1 [Wegienka, Ganesa; Woodcroft, Kimberley J.; Havstad, Suzanne] Henry Ford Hosp, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Baird, Donna Day] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Cooper, Tracy] Henry Ford Hosp, Dept Diagnost Radiol, Div Ultrasound, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. RP Wegienka, G (reprint author), 1 Ford Pl,3E, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. EM gwegien1@hfhs.org RI Baird, Donna/D-5214-2017 OI Baird, Donna/0000-0002-5544-2653 FU intramural program at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH FX Dr. Christie Barker-Cummings manages the Study of Environment Lifestyle and Fibroids. Project management at Henry Ford Health System was led by Karen Bourgeois, LPN, and Kyra Jones, MEd. Data collection was funded by the intramural program at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1046-7408 EI 1600-0897 J9 AM J REPROD IMMUNOL JI Am. J. Reprod. Immunol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 70 IS 4 BP 327 EP 335 DI 10.1111/aji.12127 PG 9 WC Immunology; Reproductive Biology SC Immunology; Reproductive Biology GA 217SD UT WOS:000324379800008 PM 23614810 ER PT J AU Meier, R Cascio, WE Danuser, B Riediker, M AF Meier, Reto Cascio, Wayne E. Danuser, Brigitta Riediker, Michael TI Exposure of Highway Maintenance Workers to Fine Particulate Matter and Noise SO ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE exposure assessment; highway; mixed exposure; noise; particle monitoringuultrafines; respirable dust ID ROAD TRAFFIC NOISE; DIFFUSION SIZE CLASSIFIER; AIR-POLLUTION; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; ELEMENTAL CARBON; MAJOR HIGHWAY; HYPERTENSION AB In this study, we assessed the mixed exposure of highway maintenance workers to airborne particles, noise, and gaseous co-pollutants. The aim was to provide a better understanding of the workers exposure to facilitate the evaluation of short-term effects on cardiovascular health endpoints. To quantify the workers exposure, we monitored 18 subjects during 50 non-consecutive work shifts. Exposure assessment was based on personal and work site measurements and included fine particulate matter (PM2.5), particle number concentration (PNC), noise (Leq), and the gaseous co-pollutants: carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone. Mean work shift PM2.5 concentrations (gravimetric measurements) ranged from 20.3 to 321 g m(3) (mean 62 g m(3)) and PNC were between 1.610(4) and 4.110(5) particles cm(3) (8.910(4) particles cm(3)). Noise levels were generally high with Leq over work shifts from 73.3 to 96.0 dB(A); the averaged Leq over all work shifts was 87.2 dB(A). The highest exposure to fine and ultrafine particles was measured during grass mowing and lumbering when motorized brush cutters and chain saws were used. Highest noise levels, caused by pneumatic hammers, were measured during paving and guardrail repair. We found moderate Spearman correlations between PNC and PM2.5 (r 0.56); PNC, PM2.5, and CO (r 0.60 and r 0.50) as well as PNC and noise (r 0.50). Variability and correlation of parameters were influenced by work activities that included equipment causing combined air pollutant and noise emissions (e.g. brush cutters and chain saws). We conclude that highway maintenance workers are frequently exposed to elevated airborne particle and noise levels compared with the average population. This elevated exposure is a consequence of the permanent proximity to highway traffic with additional peak exposures caused by emissions of the work-related equipment. C1 [Meier, Reto; Danuser, Brigitta; Riediker, Michael] Univ Lausanne, Inst Work & Hlth, Inst Univ Romand Sante Travail, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland. [Meier, Reto; Danuser, Brigitta; Riediker, Michael] Univ Geneva, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland. [Cascio, Wayne E.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Riediker, M (reprint author), Univ Lausanne, Inst Work & Hlth, Inst Univ Romand Sante Travail, Route Corniche 2, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland. EM michael.riediker@hospvd.ch OI Riediker, Michael/0000-0002-5268-864X FU Swiss National Science Foundation [124954] FX This study was funded by grant No 124954 from the Swiss National Science Foundation. NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 27 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0003-4878 EI 1475-3162 J9 ANN OCCUP HYG JI Ann. Occup. Hyg. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 57 IS 8 BP 992 EP 1004 DI 10.1093/annhyg/met018 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 239AO UT WOS:000325994000004 PM 23720452 ER PT J AU Meskhidze, N Petters, MD Tsigaridis, K Bates, T O'Dowd, C Reid, J Lewis, ER Gantt, B Anguelova, MD Bhave, PV Bird, J Callaghan, AH Ceburnis, D Chang, R Clarke, A de Leeuw, G Deane, G DeMott, PJ Elliot, S Facchini, MC Fairall, CW Hawkins, L Hu, YX Hudson, JG Johnson, MS Kaku, KC Keene, WC Kieber, DJ Long, MS Martensson, M Modini, RL Osburn, CL Prather, KA Pszenny, A Rinaldi, M Russell, LM Salter, M Sayer, AM Smirnov, A Suda, SR Toth, TD Worsnop, DR Wozniak, A Zorn, SR AF Meskhidze, Nicholas Petters, Markus D. Tsigaridis, Kostas Bates, Tim O'Dowd, Colin Reid, Jeff Lewis, Ernie R. Gantt, Brett Anguelova, Magdalena D. Bhave, Prakash V. Bird, James Callaghan, Adrian H. Ceburnis, Darius Chang, Rachel Clarke, Antony de Leeuw, Gerrit Deane, Grant DeMott, Paul J. Elliot, Scott Facchini, Maria Cristina Fairall, Chris W. Hawkins, Lelia Hu, Yongxiang Hudson, James G. Johnson, Matthew S. Kaku, Kathleen C. Keene, William C. Kieber, David J. Long, Michael S. Martensson, Monica Modini, Rob L. Osburn, Chris L. Prather, Kimberly A. Pszenny, Alex Rinaldi, Matteo Russell, Lynn M. Salter, Matthew Sayer, Andrew M. Smirnov, Alexander Suda, Sarah R. Toth, Travis D. Worsnop, Douglas R. Wozniak, Andrew Zorn, Soeren R. TI Production mechanisms, number concentration, size distribution, chemical composition, and optical properties of sea spray aerosols SO ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE sea spray aerosol; source function; chemical composition; number concentration; optical properties C1 [Meskhidze, Nicholas; Petters, Markus D.; Gantt, Brett; Johnson, Matthew S.; Osburn, Chris L.; Suda, Sarah R.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Tsigaridis, Kostas] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. [Tsigaridis, Kostas] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Bates, Tim] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [O'Dowd, Colin; Callaghan, Adrian H.; Ceburnis, Darius] Natl Univ Ireland, Galway, Ireland. [Reid, Jeff; Anguelova, Magdalena D.; Kaku, Kathleen C.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Lewis, Ernie R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Bhave, Prakash V.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Bird, James] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Callaghan, Adrian H.; Modini, Rob L.] Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA USA. [Chang, Rachel; Long, Michael S.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Clarke, Antony] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [de Leeuw, Gerrit] Finnish Meteorol Inst, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland. [de Leeuw, Gerrit] Univ Helsinki, Deptartment Phys, Helsinki, Finland. [Deane, Grant; Prather, Kimberly A.; Russell, Lynn M.] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [DeMott, Paul J.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Elliot, Scott] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Facchini, Maria Cristina; Rinaldi, Matteo] CNR, Inst Atmospher Sci & Climate, Bologna, Italy. [Fairall, Chris W.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. [Hawkins, Lelia] Harvey Mudd Coll, Claremont, CA 91711 USA. [Hu, Yongxiang] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. [Hudson, James G.] Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89506 USA. [Johnson, Matthew S.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Keene, William C.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Kieber, David J.] SUNY, New York, NY USA. [Martensson, Monica] Uppsala Univ, Uppsala, Sweden. [Pszenny, Alex] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Salter, Matthew] Stockholm Univ, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Sayer, Andrew M.; Smirnov, Alexander] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Sayer, Andrew M.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD USA. [Toth, Travis D.] Univ N Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. [Worsnop, Douglas R.] Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA USA. [Wozniak, Andrew] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA USA. RP Meskhidze, N (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM nmeskhidze@ncsu.edu RI Sayer, Andrew/H-2314-2012; Worsnop, Douglas/D-2817-2009; Modini, Rob/A-8451-2014; DeMott, Paul/C-4389-2011; Facchini, Maria Cristina/B-3369-2014; Reid, Jeffrey/B-7633-2014; Petters, Markus/D-2144-2009; O'Dowd , Colin/K-8904-2012; Hu, Yongxiang/K-4426-2012; Petters, Sarah/N-8450-2014; rinaldi, matteo/K-6083-2012; CHEMATMO Group, Isac/P-7180-2014; Gantt, Brett/G-2525-2013; FACCHINI, MARIA CRISTINA/O-1230-2015; Bates, Timothy/L-6080-2016; Prather, Kimberly/A-3892-2008; Smirnov, Alexander/C-2121-2009; OI Sayer, Andrew/0000-0001-9149-1789; Worsnop, Douglas/0000-0002-8928-8017; DeMott, Paul/0000-0002-3719-1889; Facchini, Maria Cristina/0000-0003-4833-9305; Reid, Jeffrey/0000-0002-5147-7955; Petters, Markus/0000-0002-4082-1693; O'Dowd , Colin/0000-0002-3068-2212; Petters, Sarah/0000-0002-4501-7127; rinaldi, matteo/0000-0001-6543-4000; Gantt, Brett/0000-0001-7217-2715; FACCHINI, MARIA CRISTINA/0000-0003-4833-9305; Prather, Kimberly/0000-0003-3048-9890; Smirnov, Alexander/0000-0002-8208-1304; Salter, Matthew/0000-0003-0645-3265; Ceburnis, Darius/0000-0003-0231-5324 FU National Science Foundation - NSF [AGS-1236957]; Department of Energy office of Biological and Environmental Research [DOE-DE-SC0007995]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - NOAA [Z763701]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration - NASA [NNX12AK27G]; Marine Meteorology and Atmospheric Effects Program at the Department of Defense Office of Naval Research (DOD-ONR); NSF [CHE-1038028]; Irish Research Council; Marie Curie actions under FP7; National Science Foundation Physical Oceanography Division [OCE-1155123] FX Funding for this workshop was provided by the National Science Foundation - NSF (AGS-1236957), the Department of Energy office of Biological and Environmental Research (DOE-DE-SC0007995), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - NOAA (Z763701), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration - NASA (NNX12AK27G), and the Marine Meteorology and Atmospheric Effects Program at the Department of Defense Office of Naval Research (DOD-ONR). D. Ceburnis acknowledges EPA Ireland fellowship grant for travel support. K. Prather and G. Deane were supported by NSF (CHE-1038028) grant. A. H. Callaghan would like to acknowledge financial support from the Irish Research Council and Marie Curie actions under FP7 and the National Science Foundation Physical Oceanography Division (Grant OCE-1155123). NR 5 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 106 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1530-261X J9 ATMOS SCI LETT JI Atmos. Sci. Lett. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 14 IS 4 BP 207 EP 213 DI 10.1002/asl2.441 PG 7 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 239NV UT WOS:000326033400002 ER PT J AU Van Emon, JM Chuang, JC Bronshtein, A Altstein, M AF Van Emon, Jeanette M. Chuang, Jane C. Bronshtein, Alisa Altstein, Miriam TI Determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in soil and sediment by selective pressurized liquid extraction with immunochemical detection SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Selective pressurized liquid extraction; ELISA; PCBs; Aroclors ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; ACCELERATED SOLVENT-EXTRACTION; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; SAMPLES; DIOXINS; PCBS; ELISA; FOOD; IMMUNOASSAYS; PESTICIDES AB A selective pressurized liquid extraction (SPLE) method was developed for a streamlined sample preparation/cleanup to determine Aroclors and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in soil and sediment. The SPLE was coupled with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for an effective analytical approach for environmental monitoring. Sediment or soil samples were extracted with alumina, 10% AgNO3 in silica, and sulfuric add impregnated silica with dichloromethane at 100 degrees C and 2000 psi. The SPLE offered simultaneous extraction and cleanup of the PCBs and Aroclors, eliminating the need for a post-extraction cleanup prior to ELISA Two different ELISA methods: (1) an Aroclor ELISA and (2) a coplanar PCB ELISA were evaluated. The Aroclor ELISA utilized a polyclonal antibody (Ab) with Aroclor 1254 as the calibrant and the coplanar PCB ELISA kit used a rabbit coplanar PCB Ab with PCB-126 as the calibrant. Recoveries of Aroclor 1254 in two reference soil samples were 92 +/- 2% and 106 +/- 5% by off-line coupling of SPLE with ELISA. The average recovery of Aroclor 1254 in spiked soil and sediment samples was 92 +/- 17%. Quantitative recoveries of coplanar PCBs (107-117%) in spiked samples were obtained with the combined SPLE-ELISA The estimated method detection limit was 10 ng g(-1) for Aroclor 1254 and 125 pg g(-1) for PCB-126. Estimated sample throughput for the SPLE-ELISA was about twice that of the stepwise extraction/cleanup needed for gas chromatography (GC) or GC/mass spectrometry (MS) detection. ELISA-derived uncorrected and corrected Aroclor 1254 levels correlated well (r = 0.9973 and 0.9996) with the total Aroclor concentrations as measured by GC for samples from five different contaminated sites. ELISA-derived PCB-126 concentrations were higher than the sums of the 12 coplanar PCBs generated by GC/MS with a positive correlation (r = 0.9441). Results indicate that the SPLE-ELISA approach can be used for quantitative or qualitative analysis of PCBs in soil and sediments. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an SPLE-ELISA approach not requiring a post-extraction cleanup step for detecting Aroclors and coplanar PCBs in soil and sediment. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Van Emon, Jeanette M.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. [Chuang, Jane C.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Bronshtein, Alisa; Altstein, Miriam] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Inst Plant Protect, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. RP Van Emon, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, POB 93478, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. EM vanemon.jeanette@epa.gov; ccjane20@hotmail.com; alisa@volcani.agri.gov.il; vinnie2@agri.gov.il FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through Office of Research and Development [EP-D-04-068, EP-C-05-057]; Battelle's Internal Research and Development Program FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and collaborated in the research described here under EPA contract EP-D-04-068 and EP-C-05-057. Some of the work was funded through Battelle's Internal Research and Development Program. We thank all the Battelle staff who carried out sample preparation and analysis activities. This article has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names and commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 63 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 463 BP 326 EP 333 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.05.020 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 236WW UT WOS:000325831200038 PM 23827357 ER PT J AU Johnson, MA Pilco, V Torres, R Joshi, S Shrestha, RM Yagnaraman, M Lam, NL Doroski, B Mitchell, J Canuz, E Pennise, D AF Johnson, Michael A. Pilco, Veronica Torres, Rafael Joshi, Sandeep Shrestha, Rajeev M. Yagnaraman, Mahesh Lam, Nicholas L. Doroski, Brenda Mitchell, John Canuz, Eduardo Pennise, David TI Impacts on household fuel consumption from biomass stove programs in India, Nepal, and Peru SO ENERGY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE Kitchen Performance Test; Cookstoves; Fuel savings; Carbon offsets; Stove performance testing; Stove efficiency ID WOOD-BURNING COOKSTOVES; EMISSIONS; MEXICO AB Published data from quantitative assessments of in-home fuel use in developing countries are sparse, yet this information is important for understanding the basic daily energy consumption of half the world's population as well as the effectiveness of programs seeking to reduce the health, environmental, and socioeconomic impacts of using inefficient cooking technologies and fuels. This paper presents results from a coordinated training and field study program sponsored by the U.S. Environmental Projections Agency, with the goal of increasing our understanding of household energy use by building capacity of stove implementing organizations. The programs were conducted with stove organizations in India, Nepal, and Peru, with results from Nepal and Peru indicating the respective stove interventions resulted in significant fuel savings (similar to 27-66%), and in India the energy consumption from combined usage of a pellet stove and liquefied petroleum gas was 59% lower than use of traditional biomass stoves. The fuel savings in Peru were highly dependent on the level of stove maintenance and user training with the largest savings (66% per capita) achieved in homes where the stoves were maintained and users were provided additional training, indicating that these are critical factors for realizing maximum stove performance in homes. Combining these results with previously published KPT results showed patterns of higher baseline fuelwood consumption in Latin America (2.1-3.4 kg per capita per day) in comparison to Nepal and India (1.0-1.4 kg per capita per day). The fuel savings estimates from the KPT studies were generally similar to savings estimates for controlled testing (Water Boiling Tests and Controlled Cooking Tests) of the respective program stoves, showing promise for better linking stove performance in the laboratory with field performance. Finally, variability of fuel consumption and fuel savings estimates are examined to inform on study design and monitoring for carbon offset methodologies. (C) 2013 International Energy Initiative. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Johnson, Michael A.; Lam, Nicholas L.; Pennise, David] Berkeley Air Monitoring Grp, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. [Pilco, Veronica] German Agcy Int Cooperat, Program Energizing Dev, Lima, Peru. [Torres, Rafael] Serv Nacl Capacitac Ind Construcc, Lima, Peru. [Joshi, Sandeep] Ctr Rural Technol, Kumaripati, Lalitpur, Nepal. [Shrestha, Rajeev M.] Alternat Energy Promot Ctr, Energy Sect Assistance Program, Khumaltar Height, Lalitpur, Nepal. [Yagnaraman, Mahesh] First Energy, Pune 411045, Maharashtra, India. [Lam, Nicholas L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Doroski, Brenda; Mitchell, John] US EPA, Partnership Clean Indoor Air, Washington, DC USA. [Canuz, Eduardo] Univ Valle Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala. RP Johnson, MA (reprint author), 2124 Kittredge St 57, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. EM mjohnson@berkeleyair.com FU United States Environmental Protection Agency [EP10H000942] FX This project was funded by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (contract number: EP10H000942) We would like to thank the KPT field managers: Pratap Gujar, Sangram Ghorpade, Prajwal Raj Shakya, Satish Aryal, and all of the field surveyors for their hard work to collect the data for this project. We also wish to thank everyone at SENCICO, GIZ-Endev, CRT/N, AEPC/ESAP, and First Energy who assisted with organizing and planning the training programs and field studies. We thank Jim Jetter at the Environmental Protection Agency for his comments. We are especially grateful to the participating women and families, who graciously opened their homes for this study. NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0973-0826 J9 ENERGY SUSTAIN DEV JI Energy Sustain Dev. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 17 IS 5 BP 403 EP 411 DI 10.1016/j.esd.2013.04.004 PG 9 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels GA 234WO UT WOS:000325675200001 ER PT J AU Nichols, JL Owens, EO Dutton, SJ Luben, TJ AF Nichols, Jennifer L. Owens, Elizabeth Oesterling Dutton, Steven J. Luben, Thomas J. TI Systematic review of the effects of black carbon on cardiovascular disease among individuals with pre-existing disease SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Review DE Air pollution; Cardiovascular disease; Susceptible populations; Black carbon; Elemental carbon ID HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; DIESEL-EXHAUST INHALATION; PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; GLOBAL BURDEN; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; AIRBORNE PARTICLES; ELDERLY SUBJECTS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; EXPOSURE AB Recent interest has developed in understanding the health effects attributable to different components of particulate matter. This review evaluates the effects of black carbon (BC) on cardiovascular disease in individuals with pre-existing disease using evidence from epidemiologic and experimental studies. A systematic literature search was conducted to identify epidemiologic and experimental studies examining the relationship between BC and cardiovascular health effects in humans with pre-existing diseases. Nineteen epidemiologic and six experimental studies were included. Risk of bias was evaluated for each study. Evidence across studies suggested ambient BC is associated with changes in subclinical cardiovascular health effects in individuals with diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD). Limited evidence demonstrated that chronic respiratory disease does not modify the effect of BC on cardiovascular health. Results in these studies consistently demonstrated that diabetes is a risk factor for BC-related cardiovascular effects, including increased interleukin-6 and ECG parameters. Cardiovascular effects were associated with BC in individuals with CAD, but few comparisons to individuals without CAD were provided in the literature. C1 [Nichols, Jennifer L.; Owens, Elizabeth Oesterling; Dutton, Steven J.; Luben, Thomas J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Nichols, Jennifer L.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Nichols, JL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr B243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM nichols.jennifer@epa.gov; owens.beth@epa.gov; dutton.steven@epa.gov; luben.tom@epa.gov FU National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors thank Jason Sacks, Lindsay Wichers Stanek, Laura Datko-Williams, Mary Ross, and John Vandenberg for providing assistance with and critical review of the manuscript. This project was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program in the National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and Environmental Protection Agency. NR 54 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 25 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 1661-8556 EI 1661-8564 J9 INT J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Int. J. Public Health PD OCT PY 2013 VL 58 IS 5 BP 707 EP 724 DI 10.1007/s00038-013-0492-z PG 18 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 226CW UT WOS:000325013000008 PM 23892931 ER PT J AU Jackson, LE Daniel, J McCorkle, B Sears, A Bush, KF AF Jackson, Laura E. Daniel, Jessica McCorkle, Betsy Sears, Alexandra Bush, Kathleen F. TI Linking ecosystem services and human health: the Eco-Health Relationship Browser SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Review DE Human health; Ecosystem services; Green space; Systematic review; Urban ecosystem; Well-being ID GREEN SPACE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; URBAN; ENVIRONMENTS; CHILDREN; AREAS; RESTORATION; MORTALITY; SETTINGS; BENEFITS AB Ecosystems provide multiple services, many of which are linked to positive health outcomes. Review objectives were to identify the set of literature related to this research topic, and to design an interactive, web-based tool highlighting the weight of evidence, thus making the information more accessible. A systematic review was conducted to create the Eco-Health Relationship Browser http://www.epa.gov/research/healthscience/browser/introduction.html). The search was conducted in four stages utilizing Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct, targeted journals, and targeted keywords; search results were limited to peer-reviewed journal articles published in English from 1 January 1990 to 31 December 2012. The review identified 344 relevant articles; a subset of 169 articles was included in the Browser. Articles retrieved during the search focused on the buffering and health-promotional aspects of ecosystem services. Landscape and Urban Planning, Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, and Health and Place yielded the most articles relevant to this search. Results from the systematic review were used to populate the Browser, which organizes the diverse literature and allows users to visualize the numerous connections between ecosystem services and human health. C1 [Jackson, Laura E.; Daniel, Jessica; McCorkle, Betsy; Sears, Alexandra] US EPA, NHEERL, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bush, Kathleen F.] US EPA, ASPH EPA Environm Hlth, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Jackson, LE (reprint author), US EPA, NHEERL, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM jackson.laura@epa.gov; bush.kathleen@epa.gov FU US EPA [EP-10-D-000808, EP-11-D-000186, EP-11-D-000529]; US Environmental Protection Agency [X3-83388101]; Association of the Schools of Public Health [X3-83388101] FX This work was supported by US EPA Contracts EP-10-D-000808, EP-11-D-000186, and EP-11-D-000529; and Cooperative Agreement Number X3-83388101 between the US Environmental Protection Agency and the Association of the Schools of Public Health. The findings and conclusions of this publication do not necessarily represent the official views of EPA or ASPH. We would like to recognize the contribution of several individuals who reviewed the Browser during the beta-testing stage of development. NR 50 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 93 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 1661-8556 EI 1661-8564 J9 INT J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Int. J. Public Health PD OCT PY 2013 VL 58 IS 5 BP 747 EP 755 DI 10.1007/s00038-013-0482-1 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 226CW UT WOS:000325013000011 PM 23877533 ER PT J AU Cooney, G Hawkins, TR Marriott, J AF Cooney, Greg Hawkins, Troy R. Marriott, Joe TI Life Cycle Assessment of Diesel and Electric Public Transportation Buses SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE electric vehicles; electricity grid; industrial ecology; life cycle assessment (LCA); mass transit; transportation ID EMISSIONS; BATTERIES; VEHICLES; GAS; GENERATION; SYSTEMS; ENERGY; IMPACT AB The Clean Air Act in the United States identifies diesel-powered motor vehicles, including transit buses, as significant sources of several criteria pollutants that contribute to ground-level ozone formation or smog. The effects of air pollution in urban areas are often more significant due to congestion and can lead to respiratory and cardiovascular health impacts. Life cycle assessment (LCA) has been utilized in the literature to compare conventional gasoline-powered passenger cars with various types of electric and hybrid-powered alternatives, however, no similarly detailed studies exist for mass transit buses. LCA results from this study indicate that the use phase, consisting of diesel production/combustion for the conventional bus and electricity generation for the electric bus, dominates most impact categories; however, the effects of battery production are significant for global warming, carcinogens, ozone depletion, and eco-toxicity. There is a clear connection between the mix of power-generation technologies and the preference for the diesel or electric bus. With the existing U.S. average grid, there is a strong preference for the conventional diesel bus over the electric bus when considering global warming impacts alone. Policy makers must consider regional variations in the electricity grid prior to recommending the use of battery electric buses to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. This study found that the electric bus was preferable in only eight states, including Washington and Oregon. Improvements in battery technology reduce the life cycle impacts from the electric bus, but the electricity grid makeup is the dominant variable. C1 [Cooney, Greg; Marriott, Joe] Booz Allen Hamilton, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Hawkins, Troy R.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Cooney, G (reprint author), 651 Holiday Dr,Foster Plaza 5,Suite 300, Pittsburgh, PA 15220 USA. EM cooney_gregory@bah.com FU U.S. National Science Foundation [0967353]; Norwegian Research Council [190940] FX This research was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under grant number 0967353. Some support was also provided by the Norwegian Research Council under the E-Car Project (grant number 190940). The opinions are those of the authors. The authors would also like to acknowledge extensive feedback from Dr. Amy E. Landis and Dr. Vikas Khanna, along with two anonymous reviewers. NR 32 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 8 U2 84 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1088-1980 EI 1530-9290 J9 J IND ECOL JI J. Ind. Ecol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 17 IS 5 BP 689 EP 699 DI 10.1111/jiec.12024 PG 11 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 232AZ UT WOS:000325461500007 ER PT J AU Nam, E AF Nam, Edward TI Response to Ritner, M., K. K. Westerlund, C. D. Cooper, and M. Claggett. 2013. Accounting for acceleration and deceleration emissions in intersection dispersion modeling using MOVES and CAL3QHC. J. Air & Waste Manage. Assoc. 63(6): 724-736. SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 US EPA, Air Qual Modeling Ctr, Off Transportat & Air Qual, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Nam, E (reprint author), US EPA, Air Qual Modeling Ctr, Off Transportat & Air Qual, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1096-2247 EI 2162-2906 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 63 IS 10 BP 1111 EP 1111 DI 10.1080/10962247.2013.836870 PG 1 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 218UU UT WOS:000324458800001 PM 24282962 ER PT J AU Batiuk, RA Linker, LC Cerco, CF AF Batiuk, Richard A. Linker, Lewis C. Cerco, Carl F. TI FEATURED COLLECTION INTRODUCTION: CHESAPEAKE BAY TOTAL MAXIMUM DAILY LOAD DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID AQUATIC VEGETATION; MODEL C1 [Batiuk, Richard A.; Linker, Lewis C.] US EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. [Cerco, Carl F.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Batiuk, RA (reprint author), US EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, 410 Severn Ave,Suite 109, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. EM batiuk.richard@epa.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X EI 1752-1688 J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 49 IS 5 BP 981 EP 985 DI 10.1111/jawr.12114 PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 227YW UT WOS:000325152600001 ER PT J AU Linker, LC Batiuk, RA Shenk, GW Cerco, CF AF Linker, Lewis C. Batiuk, Richard A. Shenk, Gary W. Cerco, Carl F. TI DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHESAPEAKE BAY WATERSHED TOTAL MAXIMUM DAILY LOAD ALLOCATION SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Chesapeake Bay; Chesapeake Bay Program; TMDLs; integrated environmental models; water quality standards; dissolved oxygen; chlorophyll; water clarity; watershed management; nitrogen; phosphorus; sediment ID EUTROPHICATION; MODEL AB Nutrient load allocations and subsequent reductions in total nitrogen and phosphorus have been applied in the Chesapeake watershed since 1992 to reduce hypoxia and to restore living resources. In 2010, sediment allocations were established to augment nutrient allocations supporting the submerged aquatic vegetation resource. From the initial introduction of nutrient allocations in 1992 to the present, the allocations have become more completely applied to all areas and loads in the watershed and have also become more rigorously assessed and tracked. The latest 2010 application of nutrient and sediment allocations were made as part of the Chesapeake Bay total maximum daily load and covered all six states of the Chesapeake watershed. A quantitative allocation process was developed that applied principles of equity and efficiency in the watershed, while achieving all tidal water quality standards through an assessment of equitable levels of effort in reducing nutrients and sediments. The level of effort was determined through application of two key watershed scenarios: one where no action was taken in nutrient control and one where maximum nutrient control efforts were applied. Once the level of effort was determined for different jurisdictions, the overall load reduction was set watershed-wide to achieve dissolved oxygen water quality standards. Further adjustments were made to the allocation to achieve the James River chlorophyll-a standard. C1 [Linker, Lewis C.; Batiuk, Richard A.; Shenk, Gary W.] US EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. [Cerco, Carl F.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Linker, LC (reprint author), US EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, 410 Severn Ave,Suite 109, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. EM linker.lewis@epa.gov NR 49 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X EI 1752-1688 J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 49 IS 5 BP 986 EP 1006 DI 10.1111/jawr.12105 PG 21 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 227YW UT WOS:000325152600002 ER PT J AU Tango, PJ Batiuk, RA AF Tango, Peter J. Batiuk, Richard A. TI DERIVING CHESAPEAKE BAY WATER QUALITY STANDARDS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Chesapeake Bay; water quality standards; dissolved oxygen; water clarity; chlorophyll a; water quality criteria ID SUBMERSED AQUATIC VEGETATION; BIOMASS; DEPTH AB Achieving and maintaining the water quality conditions necessary to protect the aquatic living resources of the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries has required a foundation of quantifiable water quality criteria. Quantitative criteria serve as a critical basis for assessing the attainment of designated uses and measuring progress toward meeting water quality goals of the Chesapeake Bay Program partnership. In 1987, the Chesapeake Bay Program partnership committed to defining the water quality conditions necessary to protect aquatic living resources. Under section 303(c) of the Clean Water Act, States and authorized tribes have the primary responsibility for adopting water quality standards into law or regulation. The Chesapeake Bay Program partnership worked with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to develop and publish a guidance framework of ambient water quality criteria with designated uses and assessment procedures for dissolved oxygen, water clarity, and chlorophyll a for Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries in 2003. This article reviews the derivation of the water quality criteria, criteria assessment protocols, designated use boundaries, and their refinements published in six addendum documents since 2003 and successfully adopted into each jurisdiction's water quality standards used in developing the Chesapeake Bay Total Maximum Daily Load. C1 [Tango, Peter J.] US Geol Survey, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. [Batiuk, Richard A.] US EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. RP Tango, PJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, 410 Severn Ave,Suite 307, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. EM ptango@chesapeakebay.net NR 45 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X EI 1752-1688 J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 49 IS 5 BP 1007 EP 1024 DI 10.1111/jawr.12108 PG 18 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 227YW UT WOS:000325152600003 ER PT J AU Linker, LC Dennis, R Shenk, GW Batiuk, RA Grimm, J Wang, P AF Linker, Lewis C. Dennis, Robin Shenk, Gary W. Batiuk, Richard A. Grimm, Jeffrey Wang, Ping TI COMPUTING ATMOSPHERIC NUTRIENT LOADS TO THE CHESAPEAKE BAY WATERSHED AND TIDAL WATERS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE water policy; simulation; total maximum daily load (TMDL); watershed management; nitrogen; Chesapeake Bay; Community Multiscale Air Quality Model; atmospheric deposition ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OCEAN; ORGANIC NITROGEN; COASTAL WATERS; DEPOSITION; PRECIPITATION; FLUXES AB Application of integrated Chesapeake Bay models of the airshed, watershed, and estuary support air and water nitrogen controls in the Chesapeake. The models include an airshed model of the Mid-Atlantic region which tracks the estimated atmospheric deposition loads of nitrogen to the watershed, tidal Bay, and adjacent coastal ocean. The three integrated models allow tracking of the transport and fate of nitrogen air emissions, including deposition in the Chesapeake watershed, the subsequent uptake, transformation, and transport to Bay tidal waters, and their ultimate influence on Chesapeake water quality. This article describes the development of the airshed model, its application to scenarios supporting the Chesapeake Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL), and key findings from the scenarios. Key findings are that the atmospheric deposition loads are among the largest input loads of nitrogen in the watershed, and that the indirect nitrogen deposition loads to the watershed, which are subsequently delivered to the Bay are larger than the direct loads of atmospheric nitrogen deposition to Chesapeake tidal waters. Atmospheric deposition loads of nitrogen deposited in coastal waters, which are exchanged with the Chesapeake, are also estimated. About half the atmospheric deposition loads of nitrogen originate from outside the Chesapeake watershed. For the first time in a TMDL, the loads of atmospheric nitrogen deposition are an explicit part of the TMDL load reductions. C1 [Linker, Lewis C.; Shenk, Gary W.; Batiuk, Richard A.] US EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. [Dennis, Robin] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Grimm, Jeffrey] Grimm Environm Consulting, Boalsburg, PA 16827 USA. [Wang, Ping] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. RP Linker, LC (reprint author), US EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, 410 Severn Ave,Suite 109, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. EM linker.lewis@epa.gov NR 44 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X EI 1752-1688 J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 49 IS 5 BP 1025 EP 1041 DI 10.1111/jawr.12112 PG 17 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 227YW UT WOS:000325152600004 ER PT J AU Shenk, GW Linker, LC AF Shenk, Gary W. Linker, Lewis C. TI DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF THE 2010 CHESAPEAKE BAY WATERSHED TOTAL MAXIMUM DAILY LOAD MODEL SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE best management practices (BMPs); Chesapeake Bay; total maximum daily load (TMDL); Chesapeake TMDL; integrated environmental models; Watershed Model; Phase 5; 3; HSPF; watershed nutrient loads; watershed sediment loads; watershed management ID PRECIPITATION; CALIBRATION AB The Phase 5.3 Watershed Model simulates the Chesapeake watershed land use, river flows, and the associated transport and fate of nutrient and sediment loads to the Chesapeake Bay. The Phase 5.3 Model is the most recent of a series of increasingly refined versions of a model that have been operational for more than two decades. The Phase 5.3 Model, in conjunction with models of the Chesapeake airshed and estuary, provides estimates of management actions needed to protect water quality, achieve Chesapeake water quality standards, and restore living resources. The Phase 5.3 Watershed Model tracks nutrient and sediment load estimates of the entire 166,000km(2) watershed, including loads from all six watershed states. The creation of software systems, input datasets, and calibration methods were important aspects of the model development process. A community model approach was taken with model development and application, and the model was developed by a broad coalition of model practitioners including environmental engineers, scientists, and environmental managers. Among the users of the Phase 5.3 Model are the Chesapeake watershed states and local governments, consultants, river basin commissions, and universities. Development and application of the model are described, as well as key scenarios ranging from high nutrient and sediment load conditions if no management actions were taken in the watershed, to low load estimates of an all-forested condition. C1 [Shenk, Gary W.; Linker, Lewis C.] US EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. RP Shenk, GW (reprint author), US EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, 410 Severn Ave,Suite 112, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. EM linker.lewis@epa.gov NR 49 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X EI 1752-1688 J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 49 IS 5 BP 1042 EP 1056 DI 10.1111/jawr.12109 PG 15 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 227YW UT WOS:000325152600005 ER PT J AU Wang, P Linker, LC Batiuk, RA AF Wang, Ping Linker, Lewis C. Batiuk, Richard A. TI MONITORED AND MODELED CORRELATIONS OF SEDIMENT AND NUTRIENTS WITH CHESAPEAKE BAY WATER CLARITY SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE water clarity; sediment loads; nutrient loads; TMDL; monitoring and modeling ID AQUATIC VEGETATION; QUALITY AB This article analyzes the correlations of the observed and modeled light attenuation coefficient, Kd, with in situ total suspended solids (TSS) and chlorophyll-a concentrations in Chesapeake Bay (CB) tidal waters, and with sediment and nutrient loads from the Chesapeake watershed. Light attenuation is closely related to in situ TSS and chlorophyll-a concentrations, however, the strength of the correlation differs among the CB segments. There are distinct differences between saline and tidal fresh segments in the main Bay, but less distinction among saline and tidal fresh segments in the tidal tributaries. The correlation between Kd with sediment and nutrient loads is complicated by the lag times of TSS and the chlorophyll-a responses to reductions in nutrient and sediment loads from the watershed, and also due to the diverse load sources. Three sets of model sensitivity scenarios were performed with: (1) differential sediment and nutrient loads; (2) selective sediment source types; and (3) geographically isolated inputs. The model results yield similar findings as those based on observed data and provide information regarding the effect of sediment on specific water bodies. Based on the model results a method was developed to determine sediment and nutrient load reductions needed to achieve the water clarity standards of the CB segments. C1 [Wang, Ping] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. [Linker, Lewis C.; Batiuk, Richard A.] US EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. RP Wang, P (reprint author), Virginia Inst Marine Sci, 410 Severn Ave,Suite 109, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. EM pwang@chesapeakebay.net FU Chesapeake Bay Modeling Workgroup FX We appreciate the valuable comments and professional input from the reviewers and support from the Chesapeake Bay Modeling Workgroup, and we also thank Howard Weinberg of the University of Maryland for GIS assistance with the figures. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X EI 1752-1688 J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 49 IS 5 BP 1103 EP 1118 DI 10.1111/jawr.12104 PG 16 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 227YW UT WOS:000325152600009 ER PT J AU Keisman, J Shenk, G AF Keisman, Jeni Shenk, Gary TI TOTAL MAXIMUM DAILY LOAD CRITERIA ASSESSMENT USING MONITORING AND MODELING DATA SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Chesapeake Bay; Chesapeake TMDL; TMDLs; integrated environmental models; watershed management; water quality standards; dissolved oxygen; chlorophyll; simulations; decision support systems ID WATER-QUALITY MODELS; NEUSE RIVER ESTUARY; CHESAPEAKE BAY; NUTRIENT; EUTROPHICATION AB Applications of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) criteria for complex estuarine systems like Chesapeake Bay have been limited by difficulties in estimating precisely how changes in input loads will impact ambient water quality. A method to deal with this limitation combines the strengths of the Chesapeake Bay's Water Quality Sediment Transport Model (WQSTM), which simulates load response, and the Chesapeake Bay Program's robust historical monitoring dataset. The method uses linear regression to apply simulated relative load responses to historical observations of water quality at a given location and time. Steps to optimize the application of regression analysis were to: (1) determine the best temporal and spatial scale for applying the WQSTM scenarios, (2) determine whether the WQSTM method remained valid with significant perturbation from calibration conditions, and (3) evaluate the need for log transformation of both dissolved oxygen (DO) and chlorophyll a (CHL) datasets. The final method used simple linear regression at the single month, single WQSTM grid cell scale to quantify changes in DO and CHL resulting from simulated load reduction scenarios. The resulting linear equations were applied to historical monitoring data to produce a set of scenario-modified DO or CHL concentration estimates. The utility of the regression method was validated by its ability to estimate progressively increasing attainment in support of the 2010 Chesapeake Bay TMDL. C1 [Keisman, Jeni] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Cambridge, MD USA. [Shenk, Gary] US EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. RP Keisman, J (reprint author), AAAS, Washington, DC 20005 USA. EM gshenk@chesapeakebay.net NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X EI 1752-1688 J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 49 IS 5 BP 1134 EP 1149 DI 10.1111/jawr.12111 PG 16 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 227YW UT WOS:000325152600011 ER PT J AU Bolon, B Garman, RH Pardo, ID Jensen, K Sills, RC Roulois, A Radovsky, A Bradley, A Andrews-Jones, L Butt, M Gumprecht, L AF Bolon, Brad Garman, Robert H. Pardo, Ingrid D. Jensen, Karl Sills, Robert C. Roulois, Aude Radovsky, Ann Bradley, Alys Andrews-Jones, Lydia Butt, Mark Gumprecht, Laura TI STP Position Paper: Recommended Practices for Sampling and Processing the Nervous System (Brain, Spinal Cord, Nerve, and Eye) during Nonclinical General Toxicity Studies SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE brain; brain weight; CNS; eye; general toxicity study; GLP; nervous system; neuropathology; neurotoxicity; nonclinical toxicity study; PNS; recommended practices; spinal cord ID DORSAL-ROOT GANGLION; DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY; NEUROPATHOLOGY ASSESSMENT; TECHNICAL GUIDE; ETHYLENE-OXIDE; RATS; NEURONS; EXPOSURE; RODENT; TUMORS AB The Society of Toxicologic Pathology charged a Nervous System Sampling Working Group with devising recommended practices to routinely screen the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) in Good Laboratory Practice-type nonclinical general toxicity studies. Brains should be weighed and trimmed similarly for all animals in a study. Certain structures should be sampled regularly: caudate/putamen, cerebellum, cerebral cortex, choroid plexus, eye (with optic nerve), hippocampus, hypothalamus, medulla oblongata, midbrain, nerve, olfactory bulb (rodents only), pons, spinal cord, and thalamus. Brain regions may be sampled bilaterally in rodents using 6 to 7 coronal sections, and unilaterally in nonrodents with 6 to 7 coronal hemisections. Spinal cord and nerves should be examined in transverse and longitudinal (or oblique) orientations. Most Working Group members considered immersion fixation in formalin (for CNS or PNS) or a solution containing acetic acid (for eye), paraffin embedding, and initial evaluation limited to hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained sections to be acceptable for routine microscopic evaluation during general toxicity studies; other neurohistological methods may be undertaken if needed to better characterize H&E findings. Initial microscopic analyses should be qualitative and done with foreknowledge of treatments and doses (i.e., unblinded). The pathology report should clearly communicate structures that were assessed and methodological details. Since neuropathologic assessment is only one aspect of general toxicity studies, institutions should retain flexibility in customizing their sampling, processing, analytical, and reporting procedures as long as major neural targets are evaluated systematically. C1 [Bolon, Brad] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Garman, Robert H.] Consultants Vet Pathol Inc, Murrysville, PA USA. [Pardo, Ingrid D.] Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT 06340 USA. [Jensen, Karl] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Sills, Robert C.] US Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Roulois, Aude] GlaxoSmithKline, Ware, Herts, England. [Radovsky, Ann] WIL Res, Ashland, OH USA. [Bradley, Alys] Charles River Labs, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Andrews-Jones, Lydia] Allergan Pharmaceut Inc, Irvine, CA 92715 USA. [Butt, Mark] Tox Path Specialists LLC, Frederick, MD USA. [Gumprecht, Laura] Merck Res Labs, West Point, PA USA. RP Bolon, B (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Vet Biosci, 1900 Coffey Rd 450 VMAB, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM bolon.15@osu.edu NR 54 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 10 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0192-6233 EI 1533-1601 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 41 IS 7 BP 1028 EP 1048 DI 10.1177/0192623312474865 PG 21 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA 219CQ UT WOS:000324482700009 PM 23475559 ER PT J AU Zucker, RM Daniel, KM Massaro, EJ Karafas, SJ Degn, LL Boyes, WK AF Zucker, R. M. Daniel, K. M. Massaro, E. J. Karafas, S. J. Degn, L. L. Boyes, W. K. TI Detection of Silver Nanoparticles in Cells by Flow Cytometry Using Light Scatter and Far-Red Fluorescence SO CYTOMETRY PART A LA English DT Article DE flow cytometry; silver nanoparticles; silver; dark-field microscopy; light scatter; far red fluorescence; surface enhanced fluorescence; plasmonic surface fluorescence; titanium dioxide ID DARK-FIELD MICROSCOPY; ENHANCED FLUORESCENCE; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; NANOTECHNOLOGY; BIOTECHNOLOGY; NANOCLUSTERS; SPECTROSCOPY; SENSITIVITY; RESONANCE; NANO AB The cellular uptake of different sized silver nanoparticles (AgNP) (10, 50, and 75 nm) coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or citrate on a human derived retinal pigment epithelial cell line (ARPE-19) was detected by flow cytometry following 24-h incubation of the cells with AgNP. A dose dependent increase of side scatter and far red fluorescence was observed with both PVP and citrate-coated 50 nm or 75 nm silver particles. Using five different flow cytometers, a far red fluorescence signal in the 700-800 nm range increased as much as 100 times background as a ratio comparing the intensity measurements of treated sample and controls. The citrate-coated silver nanoparticles (AgNP) revealed slightly more side scatter and far red fluorescence than did the PVP coated silver nanoparticles. This increased far red fluorescence signal was observed with 50 and 75 nm particles, but not with 10 nm particles. Morphological evaluation by dark field microscopy showed silver particles (50 and 75 nm) clumped and concentrated around the nucleus. One possible hypothesis to explain the emission of far red fluorescence from cells incubated with silver nanoparticles is that the silver nanoparticles inside cells agglomerate into small nano clusters that form surface plasmon resonance which interacts with laser light to emit a strong far red fluorescence signal. The results demonstrate that two different parameters (side scatter and far red fluorescence) on standard flow cytometers can be used to detect and observe metallic nanoparticles inside cells. The strength of the far red fluorescence suggests that it may be particularly useful for applications that require high sensitivity. (c) Published 2013 Wiley-Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Zucker, R. M.; Daniel, K. M.; Karafas, S. J.; Degn, L. L.; Boyes, W. K.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Toxicol Assessment Div MD 67, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Massaro, E. J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Daniel, K. M.; Karafas, S. J.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Zucker, RM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Toxicol Assessment Div MD 67, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM zucker.robert@epa.gov FU USEPA [EP09D000042, EP10D000713] FX Grant sponsor: USEPA; Grant numbers: EP09D000042, EP10D000713 NR 49 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 43 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1552-4922 J9 CYTOM PART A JI Cytom. Part A PD OCT PY 2013 VL 83 IS 10 BP 962 EP 972 DI 10.1002/cyto.a.22342 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 227RK UT WOS:000325131200010 PM 23943267 ER PT J AU Clark, ML Peel, JL Balakrishnan, K Breysse, PN Chillrud, SN Naeher, LP Rodes, CE Vette, AF Balbus, JM AF Clark, Maggie L. Peel, Jennifer L. Balakrishnan, Kalpana Breysse, Patrick N. Chillrud, Steven N. Naeher, Luke P. Rodes, Charles E. Vette, Alan F. Balbus, John M. TI Health and Household Air Pollution from Solid Fuel Use: The Need for Improved Exposure Assessment SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Review ID PARTICULATE MATTER CONCENTRATIONS; ACUTE RESPIRATORY-INFECTIONS; WOOD-SMOKE EXPOSURE; CARBON-MONOXIDE; BIOMASS FUELS; PARTICLE DEPOSITION; PULMONARY-DISEASE; LUNG-CANCER; COOK STOVES; INDOOR AB Background: Nearly 3 billion people worldwide rely on solid fuel combustion to meet basic -household energy needs. The resulting exposure to air pollution causes an estimated 4.5% of the global burden of disease. Large variability and a lack of resources for research and development have resulted in highly uncertain exposure estimates. Objective: We sought to identify research priorities for exposure assessment that will more accurately and precisely define exposure-response relationships of household air pollution necessary to inform future cleaner-burning cookstove dissemination programs. Data Sources: As part of an international workshop in May 2011, an expert group characterized the state of the science and developed recommendations for exposure assessment of household air pollution. Synthesis: The following priority research areas were identified to explain variability and reduce uncertainty of household air pollution exposure measurements: improved characterization of spatial and temporal variability for studies examining both short-and long-term health effects; development and validation of measurement technology and approaches to conduct complex exposure assessments in resource-limited settings with a large range of pollutant concentrations; and development and validation of biomarkers for estimating dose. Addressing these priority research areas, which will inherently require an increased allocation of resources for cookstove research, will lead to better characterization of exposure-response relationships. Conclusions: Although the type and extent of exposure assessment will necessarily depend on the goal and design of the cookstove study, without improved understanding of exposure-response relationships, the level of air pollution reduction necessary to meet the health targets of cookstove interventions will remain uncertain. C1 [Clark, Maggie L.; Peel, Jennifer L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Balakrishnan, Kalpana] Sri Ramachandra Univ, Dept Environm Hlth Engn, Madras, Tamil Nadu, India. [Breysse, Patrick N.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Chillrud, Steven N.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA. [Naeher, Luke P.] Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Rodes, Charles E.] Res Triangle Inst, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Vette, Alan F.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Balbus, John M.] NIEHS, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Clark, ML (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, 1681 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM Maggie.Clark@ColoState.edu RI Balakrishnan, Kalpana/B-6653-2015 OI Balakrishnan, Kalpana/0000-0002-5905-1801 FU U.S. Department of State; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH); National Cancer Institute; National Eye Institute; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; U.S. Agency for International Development, and the World Health Organization FX Support for the workshop was provided by the U.S. Department of State, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Cancer Institute; National Eye Institute; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS); John E. Fogarty International Center; and Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research], the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the U.S. Agency for International Development, and the World Health Organization. NR 72 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 8 U2 74 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 121 IS 10 BP 1120 EP 1128 DI 10.1289/ehp.1206429 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 227YU UT WOS:000325152400012 PM 23872398 ER PT J AU Dorner, B Holt, KR Peterman, RM Jordan, C Larsen, DP Olsen, AR Abdul-Aziz, OI AF Dorner, Brigitte Holt, Kendra R. Peterman, Randall M. Jordan, Chris Larsen, David P. Olsen, Anthony R. Abdul-Aziz, Omar I. TI Evaluating alternative methods for monitoring and estimating responses of salmon productivity in the North Pacific to future climatic change and other processes: A simulation study SO FISHERIES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Salmon monitoring; Climate change; Confounding; Sampling design; Productivity changes; Stock assessment; Ocean conditions ID ONCORHYNCHUS-SPP.; SURVIVAL RATES; ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES; MODELS; STOCKS; OCEAN; TEMPERATURE; RECRUITMENT; POPULATIONS; MANAGEMENT AB We used empirically based simulation modelling of 48 sockeye salmon (O. nerka) populations to examine how reliably alternative monitoring designs and fish stock assessment methods can distinguish between changes in density-dependent versus density-independent components of productivity and identify the relative contribution of a climate-driven covariate. We explored a wide range of scenarios for ocean and freshwater conditions and the response of salmon productivity (adult recruits per spawner) to those conditions. Our results show that stock assessments based on historical relationships between salmon productivity and climate-driven oceanographic conditions will likely perform poorly when those relationships change, even when such changes are anticipated and incorporated into stock assessment models in a timely manner. Estimating the relative importance of climate-driven oceanographic influences as a driver of sockeye productivity will be difficult, especially ilclimatic changes occur rapidly and concurrently with other disturbances. Thus, better understanding of the mechanisms by which climatic changes and other drivers influence salmon productivity may be essential to avoid undesirable management outcomes. As well, an expansion of monitoring of juvenile salmon abundances on more salmon stocks is needed to help distinguish the effects of different drivers. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dorner, Brigitte; Holt, Kendra R.; Peterman, Randall M.] Simon Fraser Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Management, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Dorner, Brigitte] Gen Delivery, Lasqueti Isl, BC V0R 2J0, Canada. [Jordan, Chris] US EPA, NOAA Fisheries, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Larsen, David P.] US EPA, Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commiss, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Olsen, Anthony R.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Abdul-Aziz, Omar I.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Dorner, B (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Management, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. EM bdorner@driftwoodcove.ca; kendra.holt@dfo-mpo.gc.ca; peterman@sfu.ca; chris.jordan@noaa.gov; larsen.phil@epa.gov; olsen.tony@epa.gov; oabdulaz@fiu.edu FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (Palo Alto, California); Canada Research Chairs Program (Ottawa); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX Major funding for this work came from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (Palo Alto, California) through a grant administered by Erica Fleishman through the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS) in Santa Barbara, California. Additional funds were provided by the Canada Research Chairs Program (Ottawa) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. We are also grateful to Simon Fraser University and WestGrid for providing the high-performance computing resources required to conduct this research. Brendan Connors, Michael Malick, and two anonymous reviewers provided useful feedback on previous drafts of this manuscript. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-7836 EI 1872-6763 J9 FISH RES JI Fish Res. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 147 BP 10 EP 23 DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2013.03.017 PG 14 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 228MW UT WOS:000325191900002 ER PT J AU Gangneux, JP Meheust, D Le Cann, P Reponen, T Vesper, S AF Gangneux, J. P. Meheust, D. Le Cann, P. Reponen, T. Vesper, S. TI DNA-based quantification of mycotoxin producing fungi in French dwellings SO MYCOSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gangneux, J. P.; Meheust, D.] Med Univ Rennes, Rennes, France. [Le Cann, P.] EHESP, Rennes, France. [Reponen, T.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Vesper, S.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0933-7407 EI 1439-0507 J9 MYCOSES JI Mycoses PD OCT PY 2013 VL 56 SU 3 SI SI BP 133 EP 133 PG 1 WC Dermatology; Mycology SC Dermatology; Mycology GA 227ZX UT WOS:000325155400280 ER PT J AU Goldman, JM Davis, LK Murr, AS Cooper, RL AF Goldman, Jerome M. Davis, Lori K. Murr, Ashley S. Cooper, Ralph L. TI Atrazine-induced elevation or attenuation of the LH surge in the ovariectomized, estrogen-primed female rat: role of adrenal progesterone SO REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article ID LUTEINIZING-HORMONE SURGE; GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; PERIPUBERTAL MALE RATS; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; OVARIAN-FUNCTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; PITUITARY-GLAND; DAILY SIGNAL; KINASE-C; SECRETION AB Multiple exposures to the herbicide atrazine (ATRZ) were shown to suppress the LH surge in both cycling female rats and those ovariectomized (OVX) and primed with estradiol (E-2). A single ATRZ administration was found to induce a prompt and marked increase in progesterone (P-4). As exogenous P-4 is known to have a differential effect on the LH surge depending on its temporal relationship with the surge, it was hypothesized that a single treatment in an OVX, E-2-primed rat would augment the surge, whereas several exposures would cause a decrease. Following four daily treatments with 100 mg/kg, LH surge was suppressed. In contrast, a single ATRZ exposure elevated the surge. Two treatments were without effect. The single administration caused a large increase in P-4 at 30 and 60 min that was likely attributable to adrenal secretion. Four exposures also elevated P-4 after the final treatment, although the duration of the increase was shortened. A single treatment with 0, 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg ATRZ showed similar elevations at the highest concentration in P-4, the LH peak, and area under the curve (AUC), whereas four exposures reduced the AUC. An increase at 1 h in the expression of Kiss1 in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus suggests that this regional kisspeptin neuronal population has a role in the ATRZ augmentation of the surge. These data support the hypothesis that ATRZ-induced changes in adrenal P-4 can either augment or attenuate the surge depending on the temporal proximity of exposure to the rise in LH. C1 [Goldman, Jerome M.; Davis, Lori K.; Murr, Ashley S.; Cooper, Ralph L.] US EPA, Endocrine Toxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27710 USA. RP Goldman, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Endocrine Toxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, MD72, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27710 USA. EM goldman.jerome@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX The research described in this manuscript was conducted entirely with funds provided internally by the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 52 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 8 PU BIOSCIENTIFICA LTD PI BRISTOL PA EURO HOUSE, 22 APEX COURT WOODLANDS, BRADLEY STOKE, BRISTOL BS32 4JT, ENGLAND SN 1470-1626 J9 REPRODUCTION JI Reproduction PD OCT PY 2013 VL 146 IS 4 BP 305 EP 314 DI 10.1530/REP-13-0011 PG 10 WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology GA 229XH UT WOS:000325300700005 PM 23847262 ER PT J AU Lorber, M Ferrario, J Byrne, C AF Lorber, Matthew Ferrario, Joseph Byrne, Christian TI EPA's National Dioxin Air Monitoring Network (NDAMN): Design, implementation, and final results SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Dioxins; Furans; Polychlorinated biphenyls; TEQ; Air monitoring network ID AMBIENT AIR; UNITED-STATES; PCDDS/PCDFS; EMISSIONS; PCDFS; PCDDS AB The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) established the National Dioxin Air Monitoring Network (NDAMN) in June of 1998, and operated it until November of 2004. The objective of NDAMN was to determine background air concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs). NDAMN started with 10 sampling sites, adding more over time until the final count of 34 sites was reached by the beginning of 2003. Samples were taken quarterly, and the final sample count was 685. All samples were measured for 17 PCDD/PCDF congeners, 8 PCDD/PCDF homologue groups, and 7 dl-PCBs (note: 5 additional dl-PCBs were added for samples starting in the summer of 2002; 317 samples had measurements of 12 dl-PCBs). The overall average total toxic equivalent (TEQ) concentration in the United States was 11.2 fg TEQ m(-3) with dl-PCBs contributing 0.8 fg TEQ m(-3) (7%) to this total. The archetype dioxin and furan background air congener profile was seen in the survey averages and in most individual samples. This archetype profile is characterized by low and similar concentrations for tetra - through hexa PCDD/PCDF congeners, with elevations in four congeners - a hepta dioxin and furan congener, and both octa congeners. Sites were generally categorized as urban (4 sites), rural (23 sites), or remote (7 sites). The average TEQ concentrations over all sites and samples within these categories were: urban = 15.9 fg TEQ m(-3), rural = 13.9 fg TEQ m(-3), and remote = 11.2 fg TEQ m(-3). Rural sites showed elevations during the fall or winter months when compared to the spring or summer months, and the same might be said for urban sites, but the remote sites appear to show little variation over time. The four highest individual moment measurements were 847, 292, 241, and 132 fg TEQ m(-3). For the 847 and 292 fg TEQ m(-3) samples, the concentrations of all congeners were elevated over their site averages, but for the 241 and 132 fg TEQ m(-3) measurements, only the PCDD congeners were elevated while PCDF and dl-PCB concentrations were similar to the site averages. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lorber, Matthew] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Ferrario, Joseph; Byrne, Christian] US EPA, Off Chem Safety & Pollut, Environm Chem Lab, John C Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Lorber, M (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM mnlorber@msn.com NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 77 BP 311 EP 317 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.05.008 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 223YN UT WOS:000324848500032 ER PT J AU Snyder, MG Venkatram, A Heist, DK Perry, SG Petersen, WB Isakov, V AF Snyder, Michelle G. Venkatram, Akula Heist, David K. Perry, Steven G. Petersen, William B. Isakov, Vlad TI RLINE: A line source dispersion model for near-surface releases SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Near-surface dispersion; Near-road concentrations; Surface releases; Similarity theory; Meteorological measurements; Urban dispersion; Idaho falls experiment; RLINE ID AIR-QUALITY; BOUNDARY-LAYER; DIFFUSION; PROXIMITY; POLLUTION; ROADWAYS; EXPOSURE AB This paper describes the formulation and evaluation of RUNE, a Research LINE source model for near-surface releases. The model is designed to simulate mobile source pollutant dispersion to support the assessment of human exposures in near-roadway environments where a significant portion of the population spends time. The model uses an efficient numerical integration scheme to integrate the contributions of point sources used to represent a line-source. Emphasis has been placed on estimates of concentrations very near to the source line. The near-surface dispersion algorithms are based on new formulations of horizontal and vertical dispersion within the atmospheric surface layer, details of which are described in a companion paper (Venkatram et al., 2013). This paper describes the general formulations of the RUNE model, the meteorological inputs for the model, the numerical integration techniques, the handling of receptors close to the line source, and the performance of the model against developmental data bases and near-road concentrations from independent field studies conducted along actual highway segments. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Snyder, Michelle G.; Heist, David K.; Perry, Steven G.; Isakov, Vlad] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Venkatram, Akula] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Petersen, William B.] William B Petersen Consulting, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Snyder, MG (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Snyder.Michelle@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 33 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 4 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 77 BP 748 EP 756 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.05.074 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 223YN UT WOS:000324848500079 ER PT J AU Hafner, SD Howard, C Muck, RE Franco, RB Montes, F Green, PG Mitloehner, F Trabue, SL Rotz, CA AF Hafner, Sasha D. Howard, Cody Muck, Richard E. Franco, Roberta B. Montes, Felipe Green, Peter G. Mitloehner, Frank Trabue, Steven L. Rotz, C. Alan TI Emission of volatile organic compounds from silage: Compounds, sources, and implications SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE Silage; Volatile organic compounds; Emission; Ethanol; Ozone ID LACTIC-ACID BACTERIA; CROP MAIZE SILAGE; AEROBIC STABILITY; CORN-SILAGE; LACTOBACILLUS-BUCHNERI; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; ACETIC-ACID; FERMENTATION CHARACTERISTICS; MICROBIAL INOCULATION; OZONE FORMATION AB Silage, fermented cattle feed, has recently been identified as a significant source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to the atmosphere. A small number of studies have measured VOC emission from silage, but not enough is known about the processes involved to accurately quantify emission rates and identify practices that could reduce emissions. Through a literature review, we have focused on identifying the most important compounds emitted from corn silage (the most common type of silage in the US) and the sources of these compounds by quantifying their production and emission potential in silage and describing production pathways. We reviewed measurements of VOC emission from silage and assessed the importance of individual silage VOCs through a quantitative analysis of VOC concentrations within silage. Measurements of VOC emission from silage and VOCs present within silage indicated that alcohols generally make the largest contribution to emission from corn silage, in terms of mass emitted and potential ozone formation. Ethanol is the dominant alcohol in corn silage; excluding acids, it makes up more than half of the mean mass of VOCs present. Acids, primarily acetic acid, may be important when emission is high and all VOCs are nearly depleted by emission. Aldehydes and esters, which are more volatile than acids and alcohols, are important when exposure is short, limiting emission of more abundant but less volatile compounds. Variability in silage VOC concentrations is very high; for most alcohols and acids, tolerance intervals indicate that 25% of silages have concentrations a factor of two away from median values, and possibly much further. This observation suggests that management practices can significantly influence VOC concentrations. Variability also makes prediction of emissions difficult. The most important acids, alcohols, and aldehydes present in silage are probably produced by bacteria (and, in the case of ethanol, yeasts) during fermentation and storage of silage. Aldehydes may also be produced aerobically by spoilage microorganisms through the oxidation of alcohols. Abiotic reactions may be important for production of methanol and esters. Although silage additives appear to affect VOC production in individual studies, bacterial inoculants have not shown a consistent effect on ethanol, and effects on other VOCs have not been studied. Production of acetic acid is understood, and production could be minimized, but a decrease could lead to an increase in other, more volatile and more reactive, VOCs. Chemical additives designed for controlling yeasts and undesirable bacteria show promise for reducing ethanol production in corn silage. More work is needed to understand silage VOC production and emission from silage, including: additional measurements of VOC concentrations or production in silage of all types, and an exploration of the causes of variability; accurate on-farm measurements of VOC emission, including an assessment of the importance of individual ensiling stages and practices that could reduce emission of existing VOCs; and work on understanding the sources of silage VOCs and possible approaches for reducing production. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hafner, Sasha D.; Montes, Felipe; Rotz, C. Alan] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Howard, Cody] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Res, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Muck, Richard E.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Franco, Roberta B.; Mitloehner, Frank] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Green, Peter G.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Trabue, Steven L.] USDA ARS, Soil Water & Air Resources Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Hafner, SD (reprint author), Hafner Consulting LLC, 4022 14th St NW, Washington, DC 20011 USA. EM sdh11@cornell.edu RI Hafner, Sasha/N-3970-2013; OI Hafner, Sasha/0000-0003-0955-0327; Trabue, Steven/0000-0002-4584-5790 FU USDA Agricultural Research Service; California Air Resources Board; National Dairy Board and Dairy Research Institute FX Funding for this work was provided by the USDA Agricultural Research Service, the California Air Resources Board, and the National Dairy Board and Dairy Research Institute. We thank Ralph Ward (Cumberland Valley Analytical Services) and Don Meyer (Rock River Laboratory) for providing silage composition data. Pavel Kalac and Kirsten Weiss provided helpful details on their publications. Also, we appreciate the comments given by Limin Kung (University of Delaware). Lastly, we found the comments from two anonymous reviewers on an earlier draft of this manuscript to be unusually helpful. NR 79 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 8 U2 82 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 77 BP 827 EP 839 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.04.076 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 223YN UT WOS:000324848500086 ER PT J AU Venkatram, A Snyder, MG Heist, DK Perry, SG Petersen, WB Isakov, V AF Venkatram, Akula Snyder, Michelle G. Heist, David K. Perry, Steven G. Petersen, William B. Isakov, Vlad TI Re-formulation of plume spread for near-surface dispersion SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Plume spread; Near surface dispersion; Surface releases; Similarity theory; Model performance; Prairie Grass experiment; Idaho Falls experiment; RLINE ID BOUNDARY-LAYER; AIR-POLLUTION; LOS-ANGELES; DIFFUSION; PROXIMITY; EXPOSURE; MODEL; MORTALITY AB Recent concerns about effects of automobile emissions on the health of people living close to roads have motivated an examination of models to estimate dispersion in the surface boundary layer. During the development of a new line source dispersion model, RLINE (Snyder et al., 2013), analysis of data from a tracer field study led to a re-examination of near-surface dispersion resulting in new formulations for horizontal and vertical plume spread presented in this paper. The equations for vertical spread use the solution of the two-dimensional diffusion equation, in which the eddy diffusivity, based on surface layer similarity, is a function of surface micrometeorological variables such as surface friction velocity and Monin-Obukhov length. The horizontal plume spread equations are based on Eckman's (1994) suggestion that plume spread is governed by horizontal turbulent velocity fluctuations and the vertical variation of the wind speed at mean plume height. Concentration estimates based on the proposed plume spread equations compare well with data from both the Prairie Grass experiment (Barad, 1958) as well as the recently conducted Idaho Falls experiment (Finn et al., 2010). One of the major conclusions of this study is that the plume spreads as well as the wind speed used to estimate concentrations in a dispersion model form a set of coupled variables. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Venkatram, Akula] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Snyder, Michelle G.; Heist, David K.; Perry, Steven G.; Isakov, Vlad] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Petersen, William B.] William B Petersen Consulting, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Snyder, MG (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Snyder.Michelle@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 25 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 77 BP 846 EP 855 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.05.073 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 223YN UT WOS:000324848500088 ER PT J AU Streets, DG Canty, T Carmichael, GR de Foy, B Dickerson, RR Duncan, BN Edwards, DP Haynes, JA Henze, DK Houyoux, MR Jacobi, DJ Krotkov, NA Lamsal, LN Liu, Y Lu, ZF Martini, RV Pfister, GG Pinder, RW Salawitch, RJ Wechti, KJ AF Streets, David G. Canty, Timothy Carmichael, Gregory R. de Foy, Benjamin Dickerson, Russell R. Duncan, Bryan N. Edwards, David P. Haynes, John A. Henze, Daven K. Houyoux, Marc R. Jacobi, Daniel J. Krotkov, Nickolay A. Lamsal, Lok N. Liu, Yang Lu, Zifeng Martini, Randall V. Pfister, Gabriele G. Pinder, Robert W. Salawitch, Ross J. Wechti, Kevin J. TI Emissions estimation from satellite retrievals: A review of current capability SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE Satellite retrievals; Emission inventories; Air quality management; Data assimilation; National Emission Inventory ID OZONE MONITORING INSTRUMENT; AEROSOL OPTICAL DEPTH; TROPOSPHERIC NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; EASTERN UNITED-STATES; GROUND-LEVEL PM2.5; IMAGING SPECTRORADIOMETER MODIS; ATMOSPHERIC INFRARED SOUNDER; NITRIC-OXIDE EMISSIONS; BIOMASS BURNING PLUMES; THERMAL POWER-PLANTS AB Since the mid-1990s a new generation of Earth-observing satellites has been able to detect tropospheric air pollution at increasingly high spatial and temporal resolution. Most primary emitted species can be measured by one or more of the instruments. This review article addresses the question of how well we can relate the satellite measurements to quantification of primary emissions and what advances are needed to improve the usability of the measurements by U.S. air quality managers. Built on a comprehensive literature review and comprising input by both satellite experts and emission inventory specialists, the review identifies several targets that seem promising: large point sources of NOx and SO2, species that are difficult to measure by other means (NH3 and CH4, for example), area sources that cannot easily be quantified by traditional bottom-up methods (such as unconventional oil and gas extraction, shipping, biomass burning, and biogenic sources), and the temporal variation of emissions (seasonal, diurnal, episodic). Techniques that enhance the usefulness of current retrievals (data assimilation, oversampling, multi-species retrievals, improved vertical profiles, etc.) are discussed. Finally, we point out the value of having new geostationary satellites like CEO-CAPE and TEMPO over North America that could provide measurements at high spatial (few km) and temporal (hourly) resolution. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Streets, David G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Canty, Timothy] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Carmichael, Gregory R.] Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [de Foy, Benjamin] St Louis Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, St Louis, MO 63108 USA. [Duncan, Bryan N.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospher Chem & Dynam Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Edwards, David P.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Haynes, John A.] Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Div Earth Sci, Washington, DC 20546 USA. [Henze, Daven K.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Houyoux, Marc R.] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Jacobi, Daniel J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Liu, Yang] Emory Clin, Dept Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Martini, Randall V.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [Pinder, Robert W.] US Environm Protect Agcy, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Streets, DG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM dstreets@anl.gov RI Pinder, Robert/F-8252-2011; Lu, Zifeng/F-3266-2012; Canty, Timothy/F-2631-2010; de Foy, Benjamin/A-9902-2010; Salawitch, Ross/B-4605-2009; Krotkov, Nickolay/E-1541-2012; Dickerson, Russell/F-2857-2010; Duncan, Bryan/A-5962-2011 OI Streets, David/0000-0002-0223-1350; Pinder, Robert/0000-0001-6390-7126; Canty, Timothy/0000-0003-0618-056X; de Foy, Benjamin/0000-0003-4150-9922; Salawitch, Ross/0000-0001-8597-5832; Krotkov, Nickolay/0000-0001-6170-6750; Dickerson, Russell/0000-0003-0206-3083; FU NASA Air Quality Applied Sciences Team (AQAST); US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Nine of the co-authors of this article (DGS, GRC, BdF, RRD, BND, DPE, DKH, DJJ, and YL) are members of the NASA Air Quality Applied Sciences Team (AQAST) and acknowledge funding support from this program. They wish to express their gratitude to the present (John Haynes) and former (Lawrence Friedl) NASA program managers. Argonne National Laboratory is operated by UChicago Argonne, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 with the US Department of Energy. NR 311 TC 81 Z9 82 U1 14 U2 214 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 77 BP 1011 EP 1042 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.05.051 PG 32 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 223YN UT WOS:000324848500107 ER PT J AU Sickles, JE Shadwick, DS Kilaru, JV Appel, KW AF Sickles, Joseph E., II Shadwick, Douglas S. Kilaru, J. Vasu Appel, K. Wyat TI "Transference ratios" to predict total oxidized sulfur and nitrogen deposition - Part II, modeling results SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Model estimates; CMAQ; Transference ratio; Oxidized sulfur; Oxidized nitrogen; Total deposition ID CLEAN-AIR STATUS; WET DEPOSITION; TRENDS NETWORK; SYSTEM AB The current study examines predictions of transference ratios and related modeled parameters for oxidized sulfur and oxidized nitrogen using five years (2002-2006) of 12-km grid cell-specific annual estimates from EPA's Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model for five selected sub-regions in the eastern US. The monitored oxidized nitrogen species (OxN) considered in the current study includes airborne gaseous nitric acid (HNO3) and particulate nitrate (NO3-), and NO3- ion in precipitation. Modeled airborne OxN accounts for approximately 20% of the modeled airborne concentration of the total reactive oxidized nitrogen (NOY) but is responsible for approximately 80% of the modeled total deposition of NOY. Modeled airborne concentration and total deposition for both oxidized sulfur and OxN tend to be higher than corresponding monitoring-based results, suggesting a need for both model refinement and more comprehensive comparisons with monitoring results. Model estimated annual transference ratios have both spatial variability (grid cell-to-grid cell) and temporal variability (across the five modeled years). Two approaches are explored to investigate the impacts of modeled spatial variability of transference ratios on estimates of regional total deposition. Assuming proportionality rather than equality between cell-specific and regional deposition appears to reduce the impact of modeled spatial variability of transference ratios on estimates of regional total deposition by a substantial margin. The variability of monitored airborne concentration was found to have a noticeable impact on variability in regional total deposition estimated with input from CMAQ. Examination of five years of annual model predictions (along with assumed coefficient of variation (CV) of 10% for the monitored species annual airborne concentration) suggests that in the sub-regions that were considered, most estimates of modeled twoyear mean regional total deposition of oxidized sulfur and NOY have CVs that are <= 13.4%. These results also suggest that judicious site selection using air quality model predictions may be employed to optimize representative determinations of regional total deposition. These findings should be considered with caution because they are based almost entirely on modeled annual results (i.e., modeled spatial and modeled temporal variability), and they fail to consider several sources of uncertainty, including discrepancies between model predictions and monitoring results as well as important deposition processes. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sickles, Joseph E., II; Kilaru, J. Vasu; Appel, K. Wyat] US EPA, ORD, NERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Shadwick, Douglas S.] Comp Sci Corp, Durham, NC 27713 USA. RP Sickles, JE (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM sickles.joseph@epa.gov FU US EPA, through its Office of Research and Development [GS-35F-4381G, BPA0775, 1521, TDD 2-5] FX The US EPA, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and partially performed the research described here under contract GS-35F-4381G, BPA0775, Task Order 1521, TDD 2-5, to CSC Corporation. This manuscript has been subjected to Agency review and has been approved for publication. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 77 BP 1070 EP 1082 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.05.015 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 223YN UT WOS:000324848500111 ER PT J AU Pitkanen, T AF Pitkanen, Tarja TI Review of Campylobacter spp. in drinking and environmental waters SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Review DE Campylobacter; Drinking water; Environmental water; Fecal contamination; Water quality ID REAL-TIME PCR; WATERBORNE DISEASE OUTBREAKS; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; QUANTITATIVE RISK-ASSESSMENT; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; FECAL INDICATOR BACTERIA; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; THERMOPHILIC CAMPYLOBACTERS; SURFACE-WATER AB Consumption of contaminated drinking water is a significant cause of Campylobacter infections. Drinking water contamination is known to result from septic seepage and wastewater intrusion into non-disinfected sources of groundwater and occasionally from cross-connection into drinking water distribution systems. Wastewater effluents, farm animals and wild birds are the primary sources contributing human-infectious Campylobacters in environmental waters, impacting on recreational activities and drinking water sources. Culturing of Campylobacter entails time-consuming steps that often provide qualitative or semi-quantitative results. Viable but non-culturable forms due to environmental stress are not detected, and thus may result in false-negative assessments of Campylobacter risks from drinking and environmental waters. Molecular methods, especially quantitative PCR applications, are therefore important to use in the detection of environmental Campylobacter spp. Processing large volumes of water may be required to reach the desired sensitivity for either culture or molecular detection methods. In the future, applications of novel molecular techniques such as isothermal amplification and high-throughput sequencing applications are awaited to develop and become more affordable and practical in environmental Campylobacter research. The new technologies may change the knowledge on the prevalence and pathogenicity of the different Campylobacter species in the water environment. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pitkanen, Tarja] Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Water & Hlth Unit, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland. RP Pitkanen, T (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM tarja.pitkanen@thl.fi RI Pitkanen, Tarja/D-1657-2014 OI Pitkanen, Tarja/0000-0002-7591-9148 NR 156 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 8 U2 87 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD OCT PY 2013 VL 95 IS 1 SI SI BP 39 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2013.06.008 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 222GG UT WOS:000324718600006 PM 23810971 ER PT J AU Bowker, RG Bowker, GE Wright, CL AF Bowker, Richard G. Bowker, George E. Wright, Chadwick L. TI Thermoregulatory movement patterns of the lizard Podarcis carbonelli (Lacertilia: Lacertidae) SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Deterministic chaos; Thermoregulation; Shuttling behavior; Body temperature; Lizards ID LYAPUNOV EXPONENTS; INSECT POPULATION; BODY TEMPERATURES; PRECISION; CHAOS; EEG AB Using video cameras and motion detection software, we examined sequential positions of the lizard Podarcis carbonelli in a temperature gradient to look for patterns in spatial and temporal thermoregulatory movements. As lizards shuttled between warm and cool areas, their movements were typically slow; punctuated by bursts of speed. The animals were relatively inactive when heating, moved almost continually when cooling, and spent less time heating than cooling. Traditional modeling techniques proved unsuccessful, so we assessed the movement patterns with nonlinear dynamical techniques. The shuttling frequency, and the pattern of velocity changes, both met the qualitative attributes (self similarity, strange attractors, and noisy power spectra) and the quantitative criteria (positive Lyapunov exponent and capacity and/or correlation dimensions less than 5) that suggest deterministic chaos. These movement patterns appear regular, but at unpredictable times the patterns become disturbed before returning to regulation. There are both behavioral and physiological advantages to movements that follow a model of deterministic chaos control. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bowker, Richard G.] Alma Coll, Dept Biol, Alma, MI 48801 USA. [Bowker, George E.] US EPA, Clean Air Markets Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Wright, Chadwick L.] Ohio State Univ, Wexner Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Div Mol Imaging & Nucl Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Bowker, RG (reprint author), Alma Coll, Dept Biol, Alma, MI 48801 USA. EM richard.bowker@wku.edu; bowker.george@epa.gov; Wright.491@osu.edu RI Wright, Chadwick/D-4597-2012 OI Wright, Chadwick/0000-0003-0117-9420 FU Alma College FX We thank Margaret Bowker, Milton S. da Costa, Maria Jose Domingues and the Universidade de Coimbra for support and Alma College for funding. The findings presented here are solely those of the authors and do not reflect those of the organizations we represent. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 38 IS 7 BP 454 EP 457 DI 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2013.07.002 PG 4 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA 226NT UT WOS:000325043800013 ER PT J AU Buse, HY Donohue, MJ Ashbolt, NJ AF Buse, Helen Y. Donohue, Maura J. Ashbolt, Nicholas J. TI Hartmannella vermiformis Inhibition of Legionella pneumophila Cultivability SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FREE-LIVING AMEBAS; DRINKING-WATER; RESISTING BACTERIA; ACANTHAMOEBA-CASTELLANII; LEGIONNAIRES-DISEASE; NONCULTURABLE STATE; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; BIOFILMS; GROWTH; SURVIVAL AB Hartmannella vermiformis and Acanthamoeba polyphaga are frequently isolated from drinking water and permissive to Legionella pneumophila parasitization. In this study, extracellular factor(s) produced by H. vermiformis and A. polyphaga were assessed for their effects on cultivability of L. pneumophila. Page's amoeba saline (PAS) was used as an encystment medium for H. vermiformis and A. polyphaga monolayers, and the culture supernatants (HvS and ApS, respectively) were assessed against L. pneumophila growth. Compared to PAS and ApS, HvS significantly inhibited L. pneumophila strain Philadelphia-1 (Ph-1) cultivability by 3 log(10) colony forming unit (CFU) mL(-1) after 3 days of exposure compared to < 0.5 log(10) CFU mL(-1) reduction of strain Lp02 (P < 0.001). Flow cytometric analysis revealed changes in the percentage and cultivability of three bacterial subpopulations: intact/slightly damaged membrane (ISM), undefined membrane status (UD), and mixed type (MT). After 3 days of HvS exposure, the MT subpopulation decreased significantly (31.6 vs 67.2 %, respectively, P < 0.001), while the ISM and UD subpopulations increased (+26.7 and +6.9 %, respectively) with the ISM subpopulation appearing as viable but nonculturable (VBNC) cells. HvS was separated into two fractions based on molecular weight, with more than 99 % of the L. pneumophila inhibition arising from the < 5 kDa fraction (P < 0.001). Liquid chromatography indicated the inhibitory molecule(s) are likely polar and elute from a Novapak C18 column between 6 and 15 min. These results demonstrate that H. vermiformis is capable of extracellular modulation of L. pneumophila cultivability and probably promote the VBNC state for this bacterium. C1 [Buse, Helen Y.] US EPA, Dynamac, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Donohue, Maura J.; Ashbolt, Nicholas J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Buse, HY (reprint author), US EPA, Dynamac, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM buse.helen@epa.gov NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0095-3628 J9 MICROB ECOL JI Microb. Ecol. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 66 IS 3 BP 715 EP 726 DI 10.1007/s00248-013-0250-z PG 12 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA 220BJ UT WOS:000324555400021 PM 23764733 ER PT J AU Elobeid, A Tokgoz, S Dodder, R Johnson, T Kaplan, O Kurkalova, L Secchi, S AF Elobeid, A. Tokgoz, S. Dodder, R. Johnson, T. Kaplan, O. Kurkalova, L. Secchi, S. TI Integration of agricultural and energy system models for biofuel assessment SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Biofuels; Agricultural markets; Energy systems; Environment; Modeling ID LAND-USE CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; MANAGEMENT; US; EMISSIONS; ETHANOL; POLICY; WATER; METHODOLOGY; IMPACTS AB This paper presents a coupled modeling framework to capture the dynamic linkages between agricultural and energy markets that have been enhanced through the expansion of biofuel production, as well as the environmental impacts resulting from this expansion. The framework incorporates the interactions between agricultural and energy markets at the macro-level, and an assessment of production practices and environmental impacts at the micro (field)-level. For macro-level analysis, we use two existing modeling frameworks: the CARD U.S. agricultural markets model and the MARKAL energy systems model. The integrated modeling of agricultural and energy markets will be useful in analyzing a range of scenarios regarding the role of biomass feedstocks from the agricultural sector in an expanding market for biomass-based fuels and energy. Moreover, by linking the macro-level analysis to the micro-scale (field-level) analysis, we can represent shifts in farming practices, average productivity, and costs of production, as well as the environmental consequences of farmers' decisions resulting from the expansion of biomass feedstock production. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Elobeid, A.] Iowa State Univ, Ctr Agr & Rural Dev, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Tokgoz, S.] Int Food Policy Res Inst, Washington, DC 20006 USA. [Dodder, R.; Kaplan, O.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Johnson, T.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Kurkalova, L.] North Carolina A&T State Univ, Dept Econ, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. [Kurkalova, L.] North Carolina A&T State Univ, Dept Energy & Environm Syst, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. [Secchi, S.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Agribusiness Econ, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. RP Elobeid, A (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ctr Agr & Rural Dev, 568F Heady Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM amani@iastate.edu; s.tokgoz@cgiar.org; Dodder.Rebecca@epa.gov; timothy.l.johnson@duke.edu; Kaplan.Ozge@epa.gov; lakurkal@ncat.edu; ssecchi@siu.edu OI Tokgoz, Simla/0000-0002-9358-0491 FU United States Department of Agriculture's National Institute of Food and Agriculture/Agriculture and Food Research Initiative [2010-65400-20434]; USDA ERS [58-6000-0-0056, 58-6000-9-0083]; NSF [0835607] FX This paper is based upon research funded by the United States Department of Agriculture's National Institute of Food and Agriculture/Agriculture and Food Research Initiative, Award number 2010-65400-20434. Partial funding for the micro-level model is also provided by USDA ERS Cooperative Agreements 58-6000-0-0056 and 58-6000-9-0083, and NSF Award 0835607, CDI-Type II: Understanding Water-Human Dynamics with Intelligent Digital Watersheds. The funding sources have no involvement in the study design, data collection and analysis, or in any other aspects of the research or paper publication. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 61 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 EI 1873-6726 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 48 BP 1 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2013.05.007 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 212WK UT WOS:000324013300001 ER PT J AU Perron, MM Burgess, RM Suuberg, EM Cantwell, MG Pennell, KG AF Perron, Monique M. Burgess, Robert M. Suuberg, Eric M. Cantwell, Mark G. Pennell, Kelly G. TI Performance of passive samplers for monitoring estuarine water column concentrations: 1. Contaminants of concern SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Passive sampler; Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs); Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) ID SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; HYDROPHOBIC ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; LOW-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; SEMIPERMEABLE-MEMBRANE DEVICES; SEDIMENT PORE-WATER; NARRAGANSETT BAY; TECHNICAL BASIS; UNITED-STATES; RHODE-ISLAND AB Contaminants enter marine and estuarine environments and pose a risk to human and ecological health. Recently, passive sampling devices have been utilized to estimate dissolved concentrations of contaminants of concern (COCs), such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). In the present study, the performance of 3 common passive samplers was evaluated for sampling PAHs and PCBs at several stations in the temperate estuary Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, USA. Sampler polymers included polyethylene (PE), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-coated solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fibers, and polyoxymethylene (POM). Dissolved concentrations of each contaminant were calculated using measured sampler concentrations adjusted for equilibrium conditions with performance reference compounds (PRCs) and chemical-specific partition coefficients derived in the laboratory. Despite differences in PE and POM sampler concentrations, calculated total dissolved concentrations ranged from 14ng/L to 93ng/L and from 13pg/L to 465pg/L for PAHs and PCBs, respectively. Dissolved concentrations of PAHs were approximately 3 times greater based on POM compared to PE, while dissolved concentrations of PCBs based on PE were approximately 3 times greater than those based on POM. Concentrations in SPME were not reported due to the lack of detectable chemical in the amount of PDMS polymer deployed. Continued research is needed to improve and support PE and POM use for the routine monitoring of COCs. For example, a better understanding of the use of PRCs with POM is critically needed. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:2182-2189. (c) 2013 SETAC C1 [Perron, Monique M.] US EPA, Natl Res Council, ORD NHEERL, Narragansett, RI USA. [Burgess, Robert M.; Cantwell, Mark G.] US EPA, ORD NHEERL, Narragansett, RI USA. [Suuberg, Eric M.] Brown Univ, Sch Engn, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Pennell, Kelly G.] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Civil & Environm Engn Dept, N Dartmouth, MA USA. RP Perron, MM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Res Council, ORD NHEERL, Narragansett, RI USA. EM perron.monique@epa.gov OI Pennell, Kelly G./0000-0003-3423-9610 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P42ES013660] FX The authors thank D. Katz, J. Sullivan, P. Pelletier, and D. Cobb for their help with field and laboratory work. We appreciate the technical reviews provided by K. Ho, B. Taplin, and K. Rocha of this manuscript. This project was supported by grant P42ES013660 (Brown University Superfund Research Program) from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences or the National Institutes of Health. This report has been reviewed by the USEPA's Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, and approved for publication (ORD-003226). Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views of the agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 42 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 4 U2 73 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 32 IS 10 BP 2182 EP 2189 DI 10.1002/etc.2321 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 211EI UT WOS:000323887300003 PM 23832638 ER PT J AU Perron, MM Burgess, RM Suuberg, EM Cantwell, MG Pennell, KG AF Perron, Monique M. Burgess, Robert M. Suuberg, Eric M. Cantwell, Mark G. Pennell, Kelly G. TI Performance of passive samplers for monitoring estuarine water column concentrations: 2. Emerging contaminants SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Passive sampling; Emerging contaminants; Polyethylene; Polyoxymethylene; Solid-phase microextraction fibers ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; PERSONAL-CARE PRODUCTS; BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; SEDIMENT PORE-WATER; PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; TREATMENT PLANTS AB Measuring dissolved concentrations of emerging contaminants, such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and triclosan, can be challenging due to their physicochemical properties resulting in low aqueous solubilities and association with particles. Passive sampling methods have been applied to assess dissolved concentrations in water and sediments primarily for legacy contaminants. Although the technology is applicable to some emerging contaminants, the use of passive samplers with emerging contaminants is limited. In the present study, the performance of 3 common passive samplers was evaluated for sampling PBDEs and triclosan. Passive sampling polymers included low-density polyethylene (PE) and polyoxymethylene (POM) sheets, and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-coated solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fibers. Dissolved concentrations were calculated using measured sampler concentrations and laboratory-derived partition coefficients. Dissolved tri-, tetra-, and pentabrominated PBDE congeners were detected at several of the study sites at very low pg/L concentrations using PE and POM. Calculated dissolved water concentrations of triclosan ranged from 1.7ng/L to 18ng/L for POM and 8.8ng/L to 13ng/L for PE using performance reference compound equilibrium adjustments. Concentrations in SPME were not reported due to lack of detectable chemical in the PDMS polymer deployed. Although both PE and POM were found to effectively accumulate emerging contaminants from the water column, further research is needed to determine their utility as passive sampling devices for emerging contaminants. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:2190-2196. (c) 2013 SETAC C1 [Perron, Monique M.] US EPA, Natl Res Council, ORD NHEERL, Narragansett, RI USA. [Burgess, Robert M.; Cantwell, Mark G.] US EPA, ORD NHEERL, Narragansett, RI USA. [Suuberg, Eric M.] Brown Univ, Sch Engn, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Pennell, Kelly G.] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Civil & Environm Engn Dept, N Dartmouth, MA USA. RP Perron, MM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Res Council, ORD NHEERL, Narragansett, RI USA. EM perron.monique@epa.gov OI Pennell, Kelly G./0000-0003-3423-9610 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P42ES013660] FX The authors thank D. Katz, J. Sullivan, P. Pelletier, and D. Cobb for their help with field and laboratory work. We appreciate the technical reviews of the manuscript provided by K. Ho, P. Pelletier, and B. Bergen. The present study was supported by grant P42ES013660 (Brown University Superfund Research Program) from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 40 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 6 U2 96 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 32 IS 10 BP 2190 EP 2196 DI 10.1002/etc.2248 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 211EI UT WOS:000323887300004 PM 23595851 ER PT J AU Stahl, C Bridges, TS AF Stahl, Cynthia Bridges, Todd S. TI "Fully Baked" Sustainability Using Decision Analytic Principles and Ecosystem Services SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Letter RP Stahl, C (reprint author), US EPA, Philadelphia, PA USA. EM stahl.cynthia@epa.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1551-3777 EI 1551-3793 J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 9 IS 4 BP 551 EP 553 DI 10.1002/ieam.1470 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 233ES UT WOS:000325549600003 PM 23907950 ER PT J AU Etterson, MA Bennett, RS AF Etterson, Matthew A. Bennett, Richard S. TI Quantifying the Effects of Pesticide Exposure on Annual Reproductive Success of Birds SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Avian reproductive success; Pesticides; Markov chain; Simulation model; Phase-specific risk quotients AB The Markov chain nest productivity model (MCnest) was developed for quantifying the effects of specific pesticide-use scenarios on the annual reproductive success of simulated populations of birds. Each nesting attempt is divided into a series of discrete phases (e.g., egg laying, incubation, nestling rearing), and results from avian toxicity tests are used to represent the types of effects possible in the field during each breeding phase. The expected exposure dose each day throughout the breeding season can be compared to the toxicity thresholds assigned to each breeding phase to determine whether the nest attempt is at risk. The primary output of the model is an estimate of the number of successful nest attempts per female per year, which is multiplied by the number of fledglings per successful nest to estimate the number of fledglings per female per breeding season (i.e., annual reproductive success). In this article, we present a series of MCnest simulations to demonstrate the extent to which the magnitude of change in annual reproductive success can be affected by considering life history attributes and the timing of pesticide applications relative to a species' typical breeding phenology. For a given pesticide-use scenario, MCnest can identify which species are at greatest risk. By allowing multiple species to be run under a single scenario, it can also help to identify the life-history traits that contribute to a species' vulnerability to a given pesticide-use scenario. It also can determine which application dates have the greatest impact and demonstrate the extent to which pesticide characteristics (e.g., residue half-life, mode of action) affect productivity. MCnest goes beyond the current qualitative screening-level assessments of risks to avian reproduction to provide an approach for quantifying the reduction in annual reproductive success by integrating species life history and timing of pesticide exposures, despite limitations in existing information on species life history and toxicity responses from existing laboratory tests. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2013;9:590-599. (c) 2013 SETAC RP Bennett, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM Bennett.Rick@epa.gov NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1551-3777 EI 1551-3793 J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 9 IS 4 BP 590 EP 599 DI 10.1002/ieam.1450 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 233ES UT WOS:000325549600008 PM 23728843 ER PT J AU Bennett, RS Etterson, MA AF Bennett, Richard S. Etterson, Matthew A. TI Selecting Surrogate Endpoints for Estimating Pesticide Effects on Avian Reproductive Success SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Surrogate endpoints; Avian reproductive success; Pesticides; Simulation model; Phase-specific risk quotients AB A Markov chain nest productivity model (MCnest) has been developed for projecting the effects of a specific pesticide-use scenario on the annual reproductive success of avian species of concern. A critical element in MCnest is the use of surrogate endpoints, defined as measured endpoints from avian toxicity tests that represent specific types of effects possible in field populations at specific phases of a nesting attempt. In this article, we discuss the attributes of surrogate endpoints and provide guidance for selecting surrogates from existing avian laboratory tests as well as other possible sources. We also discuss some of the assumptions and uncertainties related to using surrogate endpoints to represent field effects. The process of explicitly considering how toxicity test results can be used to assess effects in the field helps identify uncertainties and data gaps that could be targeted in higher-tier risk assessments. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2013;9:600-609. (c) 2013 SETAC RP Bennett, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN USA. EM bennett.rick@epa.gov NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1551-3777 EI 1551-3793 J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 9 IS 4 BP 600 EP 609 DI 10.1002/ieam.1478 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 233ES UT WOS:000325549600009 PM 23913487 ER PT J AU Barron, MG Hemmer, MJ Jackson, CR AF Barron, Mace G. Hemmer, Michael J. Jackson, Crystal R. TI Development of Aquatic Toxicity Benchmarks for Oil Products Using Species Sensitivity Distributions SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Acute toxicity; Aquatic; Oil; Species sensitivity distribution AB Determining the sensitivity of a diversity of species to spilled oil and chemically dispersed oil continues to be a significant challenge in spill response and impact assessment. We used standardized tests from the literature to develop species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) of acute aquatic toxicity values for several petroleum products and 2 Corexit oil dispersants. Fifth percentile hazard concentrations (HC5s) were computed from the SSDs and used to assess relative oil product toxicity and in evaluating the feasibility of establishing toxicity benchmarks for a community of species. The sensitivity of mysids (Americamysis bahia) and silversides (Menidia beryllina) were evaluated within the SSDs to determine if these common test species were appropriate surrogates for a broader range of species. In general, SSD development was limited by the availability of acute toxicity values that met standardization criteria for a diversity of species. Pooled SSDs were also developed for crude oil and Corexit dispersants because there was only small variability in the HC5s among the individual oil or dispersant products. The sensitivity of mysids and silversides varied across the oil and dispersant products, with the majority of toxicity values greater than the HC5. Application of SSDs appears to be a reasonable approach to developing oil product toxicity benchmarks, but additional toxicity data are needed for a larger range of species conducted under standardized test conditions. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2013;9:610-615. (c) 2013 SETAC RP Barron, MG (reprint author), US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL USA. EM barron.mace@epa.gov NR 30 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1551-3777 EI 1551-3793 J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 9 IS 4 BP 610 EP 615 DI 10.1002/ieam.1420 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 233ES UT WOS:000325549600010 PM 23554001 ER PT J AU Cormier, SM Suter, GW AF Cormier, Susan M. Suter, Glenn W. TI RESPONSE TO ROARK ET AL. (2013) "INFLUENCE OF SUBSAMPLING AND MODELING ASSUMPTIONS ON THE USEPA FIELD-BASED BENCHMARK FOR CONDUCTIVITY'' SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Cormier, Susan M.; Suter, Glenn W.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Cormier, SM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM cormier.susan@epa.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1551-3777 EI 1551-3793 J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 9 IS 4 DI 10.1002/ieam.1463 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 233ES UT WOS:000325549600022 ER PT J AU Sappington, K AF Sappington, Keith TI USE OF UNBOUNDED TOXICITY ENDPOINTS IN ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material RP Sappington, K (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM sappington.keith@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1551-3777 EI 1551-3793 J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 9 IS 4 DI 10.1002/ieam.1464 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 233ES UT WOS:000325549600021 ER PT J AU Li, SB Turaga, U Shrestha, B Anderson, TA Ramkumar, SS Green, MJ Das, S Canas-Carrell, JE AF Li, Shibin Turaga, Uday Shrestha, Babina Anderson, Todd A. Ramkumar, S. S. Green, Micah J. Das, Sriya Canas-Carrell, Jaclyn E. TI Mobility of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil in the presence of carbon nanotubes SO ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY LA English DT Article DE CNTs; SWNTs; MWNTs; PAH leaching; Soil; Bioavailability ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; CONTAMINATED SOIL; POROUS-MEDIA; ADSORPTION; SORPTION; BIOACCUMULATION; EARTHWORMS; TRANSPORT; BEHAVIOR AB Being a potential risk to the environment, a fate study of carbon nanotube (CNT) in the environment is urgently needed. A study of CNT impacts on the bioavailability of other conventional contaminants in a terrestrial system is particularly rare. This study explored PAH leaching behaviors in the presence of CNTs with column leaching tests. Four PAHs (Naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, and pyrene), three CNTs (f-SWNTs, MWNTs, f-MWNTs), and a sandy loam soil were involved in this study. We found that at a concentration of 5 mg/g, CNTs could significantly retain PAHs in soil. Such a strong PAR retention was caused by low mobilities of CNTs and their strong PAH sorption capacities. This study illustrated that the properties of both sorbents (e.g. available surface area and micropore volume) and sorbates (e.g. hydrophobicity and molecular volume) influenced the mobility of PAHs in soil. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Shibin; Turaga, Uday; Shrestha, Babina; Anderson, Todd A.; Ramkumar, S. S.; Canas-Carrell, Jaclyn E.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Environm Toxicol, Inst Environm & Human Hlth TIEHH, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Green, Micah J.; Das, Sriya] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Li, SB (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN USA. EM li.shibin@epa.gov RI Green, Micah/C-7647-2011 OI Green, Micah/0000-0001-5691-0861 NR 37 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 4 U2 111 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-6513 J9 ECOTOX ENVIRON SAFE JI Ecotox. Environ. Safe. PD OCT 1 PY 2013 VL 96 BP 168 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.07.005 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 210YU UT WOS:000323872100025 PM 23896179 ER PT J AU Brinkman, NE Haffler, TD Cashdollar, JL Rhodes, ER AF Brinkman, Nichole E. Haffler, Tyler D. Cashdollar, Jennifer L. Rhodes, Eric R. TI Evaluation of methods using celite to concentrate norovirus, adenovirus and enterovirus from wastewater SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Norovirus; Adenovirus; Enterovirus; Wastewater; Celite ID HUMAN ENTERIC VIRUSES; REAL-TIME PCR; SECONDARY CONCENTRATION; VIRAL ASSAY; RECOVERY; SEWAGE; ENVIRONMENT; POLIOVIRUS; EFFLUENT; SAMPLES AB Enteroviruses, noroviruses and adenoviruses are among the most common viruses infecting humans worldwide. These viruses are shed in the feces of infected individuals and can accumulate in wastewater, making wastewater a source of a potentially diverse group of enteric viruses. In this study, two procedures were evaluated to concentrate noroviruses, adenoviruses and enteroviruses from primary effluent of wastewater. In the first procedure, indigenous enteroviruses, noroviruses and adenoviruses were concentrated using celite (diatomaceous earth) followed by centrifugation through a 30K MWCO filter and nucleic acid extraction. The second procedure used celite concentration followed by nucleic acid extraction only. Virus quantities were measured using qPCR. A second set of primary effluent samples were seeded with Coxsackievirus A7, Coxsackievirus B1, poliovirus 1 or enterovirus 70 before concentration and processed through both procedures for recovery evaluation of enterovirus species representatives. The pairing of the single step extraction procedure with the celite concentration process resulted in 47-98% recovery of examined viruses, while the celite concentration process plus additional centrifugal concentration before nucleic acid extraction showed reduced recovery (14-47%). The celite concentration process followed by a large volume nucleic acid extraction technique proved to be an effective procedure for recovering these important human pathogens from wastewater. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Brinkman, Nichole E.; Haffler, Tyler D.; Cashdollar, Jennifer L.; Rhodes, Eric R.] US EPA, Biohazard Assessment Res Branch, Microbiol & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab,Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Brinkman, Nichole E.] Univ Cincinnati, McMicken Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Biol Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Brinkman, NE (reprint author), US EPA, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr,MS-593, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM brinkman.nichole@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development; Student Services Contract FX The US Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded the research described here. The contribution of TDH was funded through a Student Services Contract. NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD OCT PY 2013 VL 193 IS 1 BP 140 EP 146 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.05.014 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 204JR UT WOS:000323362100022 PM 23727118 ER PT J AU Boykin, KG Kepner, WG Bradford, DF Guy, RK Kopp, DA Leimer, AK Samson, EA East, NF Neale, AC Gergely, KJ AF Boykin, Kenneth G. Kepner, William G. Bradford, David F. Guy, Rachel K. Kopp, Darin A. Leimer, Allison K. Samson, Elizabeth A. East, N. Forrest Neale, Anne C. Gergely, Kevin J. TI A national approach for mapping and quantifying habitat-based biodiversity metrics across multiple spatial scales SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity; Ecosystem services; Habitat maps; Terrestrial vertebrates; San Pedro River; Rio Grande River; Western United States ID SAN-PEDRO RIVER; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; CONSERVATION; FRAMEWORK AB Ecosystem services, i.e., services provided to humans from ecological systems have become a key issue of this century in resource management, conservation planning, and environmental decision analysis. Mapping and quantifying ecosystem services have become strategic national interests for integrating ecology with economics to help understand the effects of human policies and actions and their subsequent impacts on both ecosystem function and human well-being. Some aspects of biodiversity are valued by humans in varied ways, and thus are important to include in any assessment that seeks to identify and quantify the benefits of ecosystems to humans. Some biodiversity metrics clearly reflect ecosystem services (e.g., abundance and diversity of harvestable species), whereas others may reflect indirect and difficult to quantify relationships to services (e.g., relevance of species diversity to ecosystem resilience, cultural value of native species). Wildlife habitat has been modeled at broad spatial scales and can be used to map a number of biodiversity metrics. In the present study, we present an approach that (1) identifies mappable biodiversity metrics that are related to ecosystem services or other stakeholder concerns, (2) maps these metrics throughout a large multi-state region, and (3) compares the metric values obtained for selected watersheds within the regional context. The broader focus is to design a flexible approach for mapping metrics to produce a national-scale product. We map 20 biodiversity metrics reflecting ecosystem services or other aspects of biodiversity for all vertebrate species except fish. Metrics include species richness for all vertebrates, specific taxon groups, harvestable species (i.e., upland game, waterfowl, furbearers, small game, and big game), threatened and endangered species, and state-designated species of greatest conservation need, and also a metric for ecosystem (i.e., land cover) diversity. The project is being conducted at multiple scales in a phased approach, starting with place-based studies, then multi-state regional areas, culminating into a national-level atlas. As an example of this incremental approach, we provide results for the southwestern United States (i.e., states of Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, and Colorado) and portions of two watersheds within this region: the San Pedro River (Arizona) and Rio Grande River (New Mexico). Geographic patterns differed considerably among metrics across the southwestern study area, but metric values for the two watershed study areas were generally greater than those for the southwestern region as a whole. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Boykin, Kenneth G.; Guy, Rachel K.; Kopp, Darin A.; Leimer, Allison K.; Samson, Elizabeth A.; East, N. Forrest] New Mexico State Univ, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Kepner, William G.; Bradford, David F.; Neale, Anne C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Gergely, Kevin J.] US Geol Survey, USGS Gap Anal Program, Boise, ID 83706 USA. RP Boykin, KG (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, 2980 S Espina St,124 Knox Hall,POB 30003,MSC 4909, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM kboykin@nmsu.edu RI Boykin, Kenneth/D-2863-2009 OI Boykin, Kenneth/0000-0001-6381-0463 FU US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development; US Geological Survey (USGS) Gap Analysis Program; USGS New Mexico Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; New Mexico State University, Agricultural Experiment Station FX We would like to acknowledge those individuals that worked on previous research efforts to create and compile the datasets used in the present study including personnel associated with the Southwest Regional Gap Analysis Project and the state Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategies and Wildlife Action Plans. This research was funded in part by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development and the US Geological Survey (USGS) Gap Analysis Program. The article has been approved for publication by the EPA and USGS. Additional financial assistance was provided by the USGS New Mexico Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit and the New Mexico State University, Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 52 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 163 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD OCT PY 2013 VL 33 SI SI BP 139 EP 147 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.11.005 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 165OX UT WOS:000320494300015 ER PT J AU Bosker, T Munkittrick, KR Nacci, DE MacLatchy, DL AF Bosker, Thijs Munkittrick, Kelly R. Nacci, Diane E. MacLatchy, Deborah L. TI Laboratory Spawning Patterns of Mummichogs, Fundulus heteroclitus (Cyprinodontiformes: Fundulidae) SO COPEIA LA English DT Article ID KRAFT PULP-MILL; REPRODUCTIVE-CYCLES; PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; COMMON KILLIFISH; WASTE STREAM; EFFECT SIZE; LIFE-CYCLE; END-POINTS; BIOASSAY; FISH AB The common estuarine fish species Fundulus heteroditus or Mummichog has long been used in ecotoxicological studies; however, their periodic spawning pattern is perceived to limit their use in reproductive bioassays and the availability of sensitive life stages. This study evaluated the lunar periodicity of spawning, egg production, and changes in gonadosomatic index (J(G)) in the laboratory using wild and F-1-generation Mummichogs that originated from three different geographic areas: the northern extreme part of their geographic range (New Brunswick, Canada; 45 degrees N), the middle of the northern subspecies range (Massachusetts, USA; 41 degrees N), and within the southern subspecies range (Virginia, USA; 37 degrees N). Unlike some previous studies of wild and laboratory-held fish, Mummichogs from all locations were continuous spawners over a prolonged period of time (8+ weeks) under laboratory conditions. However, there was greater variance in egg production in smaller fish (<= 70 mm total length) compared to larger fish. Our results demonstrate the potential to use Mummichogs consistently in testing protocols due to the absence of lunar spawning in the laboratory, and further suggest that larger fish should be used to optimize the power to interpret results when conducting reproductive bioassays. C1 [Bosker, Thijs] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Environm Sci & Engn, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Bosker, Thijs; Munkittrick, Kelly R.] Univ New Brunswick, Dept Biol, St John, NB E2L 4L5, Canada. [Bosker, Thijs; Munkittrick, Kelly R.] Univ New Brunswick, Canadian Rivers Inst, St John, NB E2L 4L5, Canada. [Nacci, Diane E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [MacLatchy, Deborah L.] Wilfrid Laurier Univ, Dept Biol, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada. [MacLatchy, Deborah L.] Wilfrid Laurier Univ, Inst Water Sci, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada. RP Bosker, T (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Coll The Hague, Anna van Buerenpl 301, NL-2595 DG The Hague, Netherlands. EM t.bosker@leidenuniv.nl; krm@unbsj.ca; nacci.diane@epa.gov; dmaclatchy@wlu.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Collaborative Research and Development and Discovery Grants FX Thanks to D. Champlain of the US EPA for her kind contribution and help with collecting Mummichogs. Thanks to A. Nolan, M. Doyle, C. Eastwood, K. Spenrath, and E. Nelson for their help during the experiments. This research has been funded by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Collaborative Research and Development and Discovery Grants to D. MacLatchy. All experiments were approved by the animal care committee of the University of New Brunswick, Saint John under protocol number 2007-05-02. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 20 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS & HERPETOLOGISTS PI MIAMI PA MAUREEN DONNELLY, SECRETARY FLORIDA INT UNIV BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 11200 SW 8TH STREET, MIAMI, FL 33199 USA SN 0045-8511 EI 1938-5110 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD SEP 27 PY 2013 IS 3 BP 527 EP 538 DI 10.1643/CI-11-175 PG 12 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AG2WM UT WOS:000335277800020 ER PT J AU Stoner, AM Anderson, SE Buckley, TJ AF Stoner, Alexis M. Anderson, Sarah E. Buckley, Timothy J. TI Ambient Air Toxics and Asthma Prevalence among a Representative Sample of US Kindergarten-Age Children SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS; ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE; PUBLIC-HEALTH; CANCER-RISK; POLLUTION; EXPOSURE; POLLUTANTS; COHORT; CITY AB Background: Criteria pollutants have been associated with exacerbation of children's asthma, but the role of air toxics in relation to asthma is less clear. Our objective was to evaluate whether exposure to outdoor air toxics in early childhood increased asthma risk or severity. Methods: Air toxics exposure was estimated using the 2002 National Air toxics Assessment (NATA) and linked to longitudinal data (n=6950) from a representative sample of US children born in 2001 and followed through kindergarten-age in the Early Child Longitudinal Study - Birth Cohort (ECLS-B). Results: Overall, 17.7% of 5.5 year-olds had ever been told by a healthcare professional they had asthma, and 6.8% had been hospitalized or visited an emergency room for an asthma attack. Higher rates of asthma were observed among boys (20.1%), low-income (24.8%), and non-Hispanic black children (30.0%) (p <= 0.05). Air toxics exposure was greater for minority race/ethnicity (p<0.0001), low income (p<0.0001), non-rural area (p<0.001). Across all analyses, greater air toxics exposure, as represented by total NATA respiratory hazard index, or when limited to respiratory hazard index from onroad mobile sources or diesel PM, was not associated with a greater prevalence of asthma or hospitalizations (p trend >0.05). In adjusted logistic regression models, children exposed to the highest respiratory hazard index were not more likely to have asthma compared to those exposed to the lowest respiratory hazard index of total, onroad sources, or diesel PM. Conclusions: Early childhood exposure to outdoor air toxics in a national sample has not previously been studied relative to children's asthma. Within the constraints of the study, we found no evidence that early childhood exposure to outdoor air toxics increased risk for asthma. As has been previously reported, it is evident that there are environmental justice and disparity concerns for exposure to air toxics and asthma prevalence in US children. C1 [Stoner, Alexis M.; Buckley, Timothy J.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Anderson, Sarah E.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Buckley, TJ (reprint author), US EPA, Durham, NC USA. EM Buckley.Timothy@epa.gov NR 41 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 25 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 18 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 9 AR UNSP e75176 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0075176 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 221YD UT WOS:000324695900099 PM 24058662 ER PT J AU Hagler, GSW Barzyk, TM Kimbrough, S Isakov, V Gagliano, P Bergin, MS D'Onofrio, D Baldauf, RW Bailey, CR AF Hagler, Gayle S. W. Barzyk, Timothy M. Kimbrough, Sue Isakov, Vlad Gagliano, Paul Bergin, Michelle S. D'Onofrio, David Baldauf, Richard W. Bailey, Chad R. TI Panama Canal Expansion Illustrates Need for Multimodal Near-Source Air Quality Assessment SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Hagler, Gayle S. W.; Kimbrough, Sue; Baldauf, Richard W.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Barzyk, Timothy M.; Isakov, Vlad] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Gagliano, Paul] US EPA, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bergin, Michelle S.] Georgia Dept Nat Resources, Environm Protect Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [D'Onofrio, David] Atlanta Reg Commiss, Atlanta, GA USA. [Baldauf, Richard W.; Bailey, Chad R.] US EPA, Off Air & Radiat, Natl Vehicle & Fuel Emiss Lab, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Hagler, GSW (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hagler.gayle@epa.gov OI Kimbrough, Evelyn Sue/0000-0002-7246-0255 NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 17 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 18 BP 10102 EP 10103 DI 10.1021/es403145x PG 2 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 295DE UT WOS:000330096000002 PM 23981194 ER PT J AU Eckley, CS Parsons, MT Mintz, R Lapalme, M Mazur, M Tordon, R Elleman, R Graydon, JA Blanchard, P St Louis, V AF Eckley, Chris S. Parsons, Matthew T. Mintz, Rachel Lapalme, Monique Mazur, Maxwell Tordon, Robert Elleman, Robert Graydon, Jennifer A. Blanchard, Pierrette St Louis, Vincent TI Impact of Closing Canada's Largest Point-Source of Mercury Emissions on Local Atmospheric Mercury Concentrations SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MEASUREMENT NETWORK CAMNET; TOTAL GASEOUS MERCURY; BASE-METAL SMELTER; FLIN FLON; ELEMENTAL MERCURY; WET DEPOSITION; DRY DEPOSITION; GOLD-MINES; MANITOBA; NEVADA AB The Flin Flon, Manitoba copper smelter was Canada's largest point source of mercury emissions until its closure in 2010 after similar to 80 years of operation. The objective of this study was to understand the variables controlling the local ground-level air mercury concentrations before and after this major point source reduction. Total gaseous mercury (TGM) in air, mercury in precipitation, and other ancillary meteorological and air quality parameters were measured pre- and postsmelter closure, and mercury speciation measurements in air were collected postdosure. The results showed that TGM was significantly elevated during the time period when the smelter operated (4.1 +/- 3.7 ng m(-3)), decreased only 20% during the year following its closure, and remained similar to 2-fold above background levels. Similar trends were observed for mercury concentrations in precipitation. Several lines of evidence indicated that while smelter stack emissions would occasionally mix down to the surface resulting in large spikes in TGM concentrations (up to 61 ng m(-3)), the largest contributor to elevated TGM concentrations before and after smelter closure was from surface-air fluxes from mercury-enriched soils and/or tailings. These findings highlight the ability of legacy mercury, deposited to local landscapes over decades from industrial activities, to significantly affect local air concentrations via emissions/re-emissions. C1 [Eckley, Chris S.; Blanchard, Pierrette] Environm Canada, Meteorol Serv Canada, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. [Eckley, Chris S.; Elleman, Robert] US EPA, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Parsons, Matthew T.; Mintz, Rachel; Lapalme, Monique; Mazur, Maxwell] Environm Canada, Meteorol Serv Canada, Edmonton, AB T6B 2X3, Canada. [Tordon, Robert] Environm Canada, Meteorol Serv Canada, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 2N6, Canada. [Graydon, Jennifer A.; St Louis, Vincent] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada. RP Eckley, CS (reprint author), Environm Canada, Meteorol Serv Canada, 4905 Dufferin St, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. EM eckley.chris@epa.gov RI Graydon, Jennifer/G-6853-2011; St. Louis, Vincent/G-6842-2011 FU CARA; NSERC; Manitoba Hydro FX We thank Dave Bezak at Manitoba Conservation and the following Environment Canada programs and staff: Clean Air Regulatory Agenda (CARA), Greg Bellisle, John Dalziel, Magda Scarlat, Curtis Mooney, Dan McLennan, and Brian Wiens. The ELA monitoring station received funding from CARA, NSERC, and Manitoba Hydro. NR 43 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 17 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 18 BP 10339 EP 10348 DI 10.1021/es401352n PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 295DE UT WOS:000330096000034 PM 23978035 ER PT J AU Chang, XJ Bouchard, DC AF Chang, Xiaojun Bouchard, Dermont C. TI Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Deposition on Model Environmental Surfaces SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID QUARTZ-CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE; FULLERENE C-60 NANOPARTICLES; NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; QCM-D; SOLUTION CHEMISTRY; POROUS-MEDIA; ADSORPTION; KINETICS; CELL; AGGREGATION AB Deposition of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) on model environmental surfaces was investigated using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). Deposition behaviors of MWNTs on positively and negatively charged surfaces were in good agreement with Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory, although hydrophobic interactions dominated MWNTs deposition on a hydrophobic polystyrene surface. Initial deposition rates (r(f)) and deposition attachment efficiencies (alpha(D)) depended on solution ionic strengths (IS) and surface electrostatic properties. Identical r(f) and alpha(D) values at constant IS on similar surfaces suggested that deposition was insensitive to surface morphology (i.e., bare crystal surface vs coated surface). The dissipation unit (D) was used with frequency (f) to investigate nanoparticle deposition: vertical bar Delta D/Delta f vertical bar values varied for deposition on different surfaces, indicating that the nature of MWNT association with surfaces varied despite constant r(f) and alpha(D) values. C1 [Chang, Xiaojun] US EPA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Bouchard, Dermont C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Bouchard, DC (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Bouchard.Dermont@epa.gov NR 52 TC 16 Z9 20 U1 9 U2 66 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 17 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 18 BP 10372 EP 10380 DI 10.1021/es402200h PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 295DE UT WOS:000330096000038 PM 23957606 ER PT J AU Kapoor, V Smith, C Domingo, JWS Lu, T Wendell, D AF Kapoor, Vikram Smith, Christopher Domingo, Jorge W. Santo Lu, Ting Wendell, David TI Correlative Assessment of Fecal Indicators using Human Mitochondria! DNA as a Direct Marker SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; REAL-TIME PCR; MICROBIAL SOURCE TRACKING; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GENETIC-MARKERS; SURFACE-WATER; ENTERIC PATHOGENS; FRESH-WATER; HUMAN FECES; BACTEROIDALES AB Identifying the source of surface water fecal contamination is paramount to mitigating pollution and risk to human health. Fecal bacteria such as E. coli have been staple indicator organisms for over a century, however there remains uncertainty with E. coli-based metrics since these bacteria are abundant in the environment. The relationships between the presence of direct indicator of human waste (human mitochondrial DNA), human-specific Bacteroidales, and E. coli were studied for water samples taken from an urban creek system (Duck Creek Watershed, Cincinnati, OH) impacted by combined sewer overflows. Logistic regression analysis shows that human-specific Bacteroidales correlates much more closely to human mitochondrial DNA (R = 0.62) relative to E. coli (R = 0.33). We also examine the speciation of Bacteroidales within the Duck Creek Watershed using next-generation sequencing technology (Ion Torrent) and show the most numerous populations to be associated with sewage. Here we demonstrate that human-specific Bacteroidales closely follow the dynamics of human mitochondrial DNA concentration changes, indicating that these obligate anaerobes are more accurate than E. coli for fecal source tracking, lending further support to risk overestimation using coliforms, especially fecal coliforms and E. coli. C1 [Kapoor, Vikram; Smith, Christopher; Wendell, David] Univ Cincinnati, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Domingo, Jorge W. Santo] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Lu, Ting] Metropolitan Sewer Dist Greater Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45204 USA. RP Wendell, D (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM wendeldw@uc.edu FU Metropolitan Sewer District of Greater Cincinnati (Cincinnati, OH) FX We thank Elizabeth Wurtzler and Ranjani Ravi for laboratory assistance. This research was funded by Metropolitan Sewer District of Greater Cincinnati (Cincinnati, OH). NR 47 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 17 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 18 BP 10485 EP 10493 DI 10.1021/es4020458 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 295DE UT WOS:000330096000052 PM 23919424 ER PT J AU Davis, JM Collette, TW Villeneuve, DL Cavallin, JE Teng, Q Jensen, KM Kahl, MD Mayasich, JM Ankley, GT Ekman, DR AF Davis, J. M. Collette, T. W. Villeneuve, D. L. Cavallin, J. E. Teng, Q. Jensen, K. M. Kahl, M. D. Mayasich, J. M. Ankley, G. T. Ekman, D. R. TI Field-Based Approach for Assessing the Impact of Treated Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent on Endogenous Metabolites of Fathead Minnows (Pimephales promelas) SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUCKER CATOSTOMUS-COMMERSONI; FISH REPRODUCTION; ENVIRONMENTAL METABOLOMICS; MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; RECEPTOR AGONIST; RESPONSES; NMR; VITELLOGENIN; SUBSTANCES; BIOMARKERS AB A field-based metabolomic study was conducted during a shutdown of a pulp and paper mill (PPM) to assess the impacts of treated PPM effluent on endogenous polar metabolites in fathead minnow (FHM; Pimephales promelas) livers. Caged male and female FHMs were deployed at a Great Lakes area of concern during multiple periods (pre-, during, and post-shutdown) near the outflow for a wastewater treatment plant. Influent to this plant is typically 40% PPM effluent by volume. Additional FHMs were exposed to reference lake water under laboratory conditions. A bioassay using T47D-KBluc cells showed that estrogenic activity of receiving water near the outflow declined by 46% during the shutdown. We then used H-1 NMR spectroscopy and principal component analysis to profile abundances of hepatic endogenous metabolites for FHMs. Profiles for males deployed pre-shutdown in receiving water were significantly different from those for laboratory-control males. Profiles were not significantly different for males deployed during the shutdown, but they were significant again for those deployed post-shutdown. Impacts of treated effluent from this PPM were sex-specific, as differences among profiles of females were largely nonsignificant. Thus, we demonstrate, the potential utility of field-based metabolomics for performing biologically based exposure monitoring and evaluating remediation efforts occurring throughout the Great Lakes and other ecosystems. C1 [Davis, J. M.; Collette, T. W.; Teng, Q.; Ekman, D. R.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Villeneuve, D. L.; Cavallin, J. E.; Jensen, K. M.; Kahl, M. D.; Ankley, G. T.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Mayasich, J. M.] Western Lake Super Sanit Dist, Duluth, MN 55806 USA. RP Davis, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM davis.john@epa.gov; ekman.drew@epa.gov FU Great Lakes National Program Office; U.S. DOE [DW8992298301]; U.S. EPA [DW8992298301]; ORISE Fellowship FX We thank T. Smith, J. Berninger, L. Durhan, C. La Lone, L. Makynen, M. Pearson, M. Severson, and K. Stevens for research and technical assistance. J.M.D. was supported by the Great Lakes National Program Office and an appointment to the Postdoctoral Research Program at the National Exposure Research Laboratory, administered by Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through interagency agreement (DW8992298301) between U.S. DOE and U.S. EPA. J.E.C. was supported by an ORISE Fellowship. Views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent views or policies of the U.S. EPA. Mention of trade names, products, or services does not convey, and should not be interpreted as conveying, official EPA approval, endorsement, or recommendation. NR 46 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 50 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 17 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 18 BP 10628 EP 10636 DI 10.1021/es401961j PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 295DE UT WOS:000330096000069 PM 23919260 ER PT J AU Narotsky, MG Klinefelter, GR Goldman, JM Best, DS McDonald, A Strader, LF Suarez, JD Murr, AS Thillainadarajah, I Hunter, ES Richardson, SD Speth, TF Miltner, RJ Pressman, JG Teuschler, LK Rice, GE Moser, VC Luebke, RW Simmons, JE AF Narotsky, Michael G. Klinefelter, Gary R. Goldman, Jerome M. Best, Deborah S. McDonald, Anthony Strader, Lillian F. Suarez, Juan D. Murr, Ashley S. Thillainadarajah, Inthirany Hunter, E. Sidney, III Richardson, Susan D. Speth, Thomas F. Miltner, Richard J. Pressman, Jonathan G. Teuschler, Linda K. Rice, Glenn E. Moser, Virginia C. Luebke, Robert W. Simmons, Jane Ellen TI Comprehensive Assessment of a Chlorinated Drinking Water Concentrate in a Rat Multigenerational Reproductive Toxicity Study SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS; ADVERSE PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; DIBROMOACETIC ACID; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; EPIDIDYMAL SPERM; RODENT TOXICITY; 4 LAB; MIXTURES; CARCINOGENICITY; BIOMARKER AB Some epidemiological studies report associations between drinking water disinfection byproducts (DBPs) and adverse reproductive/developmental effects, e.g., low birth weight, spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, and birth defects. Using a multigenerational rat bioassay, we evaluated an environmentally relevant "whole" mixture of DBPs representative of chlorinated drinking water, including unidentified DBPs as well as realistic proportions of known DBPs at low-toxicity concentrations. Source water from a water utility was concentrated 136-fold, chlorinated, and provided as drinking water to Sprague-Dawley rats. Timed-pregnant females (P-0 generation) were exposed during gestation and lactation. Weanlings (F-1 generation) continued exposures and were bred to produce an F-2 generation. Large sample sizes enhanced statistical power, particularly for pup weight and prenatal loss. No adverse effects were observed for pup weight, prenatal loss, pregnancy rate, gestation length, puberty onset in males, growth, estrous cycles, hormone levels, immunological end points, and most neurobehavioral end points. Significant, albeit slight, effects included delayed puberty for F-1 females, reduced caput epidydimal sperm counts in F-1 adult males, and increased incidences of thyroid follicular cell hypertrophy in adult females. These results highlight areas for future research, while the largely negative findings, particularly for pup weight and prenatal loss, are notable. C1 [Narotsky, Michael G.; Klinefelter, Gary R.; Goldman, Jerome M.; Best, Deborah S.; McDonald, Anthony; Strader, Lillian F.; Suarez, Juan D.; Murr, Ashley S.; Thillainadarajah, Inthirany; Hunter, E. Sidney, III; Moser, Virginia C.; Luebke, Robert W.; Simmons, Jane Ellen] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Richardson, Susan D.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Speth, Thomas F.; Miltner, Richard J.; Pressman, Jonathan G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Teuschler, Linda K.; Rice, Glenn E.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Narotsky, MG (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM narotsky.michael@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX We thank Maria Hoopes, Talitha Peay, and Adina Wiggins for their tremendous technical contributions to this effort. We are also grateful to Dr. Tony DeAngelo and Michael George for their contributions with necropsies, Pam Phillips for neurobehavioral testing, Carey Copeland and Dr. Jamie DeWitt for immunotoxicity testing, Drs. Glen Marrs and John Seeley for pathological examinations, and Dr. Shahid Parvez for discussion of the onset-of-puberty data. Finally, we are grateful to the drinking water utility for the use of their facilities and acknowledge their request to remain anonymous. The information in this document has been funded wholly by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade name or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 40 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 49 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 17 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 18 BP 10653 EP 10659 DI 10.1021/es402646c PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 295DE UT WOS:000330096000072 PM 23909560 ER PT J AU Euling, SY AF Euling, Susan Y. TI Toxicogenomics in risk assessment SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Euling, SY (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM euling.susan@epa.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 271 IS 3 BP 297 EP 298 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2013.05.030 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 221OZ UT WOS:000324669500001 ER PT J AU Wilson, VS Keshava, N Hester, S Segal, D Chiu, WH Thompson, CM Euling, SY AF Wilson, Vickie S. Keshava, Nagalakshmi Hester, Susan Segal, Deborah Chiu, Weihsueh Thompson, Chad M. Euling, Susan Y. TI Utilizing toxicogenomic data to understand chemical mechanism of action in risk assessment SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mechanism of action; Toxicogenomics; Risk assessment ID TRIAZOLE CONAZOLE FUNGICIDES; CARBONYL-METABOLIZING ENZYMES; CONTROL MAQC PROJECT; GENE-EXPRESSION; POPULATION-DISTRIBUTION; MICROARRAY DATA; ORAL KERATINOCYTES; TOXICITY PROFILES; DATA QUALITY; COPY-NUMBER AB The predominant role of toxicogenomic data in risk assessment, thus far, has been one of augmentation of more traditional in vitro and in vivo toxicology data. This article focuses on the current available examples of instances where toxicogenomic data has been evaluated in human health risk assessment (e.g., acetochlor and arsenicals) which have been limited to the application of toxicogenomic data to inform mechanism of action. This article reviews the regulatory policy backdrop and highlights important efforts to ultimately achieve regulatory acceptance. A number of research efforts on specific chemicals that were designed for risk assessment purposes have employed mechanism or mode of action hypothesis testing and generating strategies. The strides made by large scale efforts to utilize toxicogenomic data in screening, testing, and risk assessment are also discussed. These efforts include both the refinement of methodologies for performing toxicogenomics studies and analysis of the resultant data sets. The current issues limiting the application of toxicogenomics to define mode or mechanism of action in risk assessment are discussed together with interrelated research needs. In summary, as chemical risk assessment moves away from a single mechanism of action approach toward a toxicity pathway-based paradigm, we envision that toxicogenomic data from multiple technologies (e.g., proteomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, supportive RT-PCR studies) can be used in conjunction with one another to understand the complexities of multiple, and possibly interacting, pathways affected by chemicals which will impact human health risk assessment. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Wilson, Vickie S.; Hester, Susan] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Keshava, Nagalakshmi; Segal, Deborah; Chiu, Weihsueh; Euling, Susan Y.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Thompson, Chad M.] ToxStrategies Inc, Katy, TX 77494 USA. RP Wilson, VS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, MD 72, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM wilson.vickie@epa.gov OI Wilson, Vickie/0000-0003-1661-8481 NR 73 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 43 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 271 IS 3 BP 299 EP 308 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2011.01.017 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 221OZ UT WOS:000324669500002 PM 21295051 ER PT J AU Chiu, WHA Euling, SY Scott, CS Subramaniam, RP AF Chiu, Weihsueh A. Euling, Susan Y. Scott, Cheryl Siegel Subramaniam, Ravi P. TI Approaches to advancing quantitative human health risk assessment of environmental chemicals in the post-genomic era SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Toxicogenomics; Biomarkers; Molecular epidemiology; Risk assessment; Dose-response assessment ID FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE-SYSTEM; INDUCED RESPIRATORY CANCER; BLOOD LEAD CONCENTRATIONS; GENE-EXPRESSION; POPULATION-DISTRIBUTION; 17-ALPHA-ETHYNYL ESTRADIOL; DOSE-RESPONSE; INHALED FORMALDEHYDE; WIDE ASSOCIATION; BISPHENOL-A AB The contribution of genomics and associated technologies to human health risk assessment for environmental chemicals has focused largely on elucidating mechanisms of toxicity, as discussed in other articles in this issue. However, there is interest in moving beyond hazard characterization to making more direct impacts on quantitative risk assessment (QRA) - i.e., the determination of toxicity values for setting exposure standards and cleanup values. We propose that the evolution of QRA of environmental chemicals in the post-genomic era will involve three, somewhat overlapping phases in which different types of approaches begin to mature. The initial focus (in Phase I) has been and continues to be on "augmentation" of weight of evidence using genomic and related technologies qualitatively to increase the confidence in and scientific basis of the results of QRA. Efforts aimed towards "integration" of these data with traditional animal-based approaches, in particular quantitative predictors, or surrogates, for the in vivo toxicity data to which they have been anchored are just beginning to be explored now (in Phase II). In parallel, there is a recognized need for "expansion" of the use of established biomarkers of susceptibility or risk of human diseases and disorders for QRA, particularly for addressing the issues of cumulative assessment and population risk. Ultimately (in Phase III), substantial further advances could be realized by the development of novel molecular and pathway-based biomarkers and statistical and in silica models that build on anticipated progress in understanding the pathways of human diseases and disorders. Such efforts would facilitate a gradual "reorientation" of QRA towards approaches that more directly link environmental exposures to human outcomes. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Chiu, Weihsueh A.; Euling, Susan Y.; Scott, Cheryl Siegel; Subramaniam, Ravi P.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Chiu, WHA (reprint author), US EPA, 8623P,2 Potomac Yard,North Bldg,2733 South Crysta, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. EM chiu.weihsueh@epa.gov NR 110 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 36 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 271 IS 3 BP 309 EP 323 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2010.03.019 PG 15 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 221OZ UT WOS:000324669500003 PM 20353796 ER PT J AU Euling, SY Thompson, CM Chiu, WHA Benson, R AF Euling, Susan Y. Thompson, Chad M. Chiu, Weihsueh A. Benson, Robert TI An approach for integrating toxicogenomic data in risk assessment: The dibutyl phthalate case study SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Phthalates; Toxicogenomic; Risk assessment; Endocrine disrupting chemical; Male development; Testosterone ID N-BUTYL PHTHALATE; IN-UTERO EXPOSURE; FETAL-RAT TESTIS; ALTERS SEXUAL-DIFFERENTIATION; MALE REPRODUCTIVE DEVELOPMENT; ANDROGEN-RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; DOSE-DEPENDENT ALTERATIONS; DI(N-BUTYL) PHTHALATE; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; GENE-EXPRESSION AB An approach for evaluating and integrating genomic data in chemical risk assessment was developed based on the lessons learned from performing a case study for the chemical dibutyl phthalate. A case study prototype approach was first developed in accordance with EPA guidance and recommendations of the scientific community. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) was selected for the case study exercise. The scoping phase of the dibutyl phthalate case study was conducted by considering the available DBP genomic data, taken together with the entire data set, for whether they could inform various risk assessment aspects, such as toxicodynamics, toxicokinetics, and dose-response. A description of weighing the available dibutyl phthalate data set for utility in risk assessment provides an example for considering genomic data for future chemical assessments. As a result of conducting the scoping process, two questions-Do the DBP toxicogenomic data inform 1) the mechanisms or modes of action?, and 2) the interspecies differences in toxicodynamics?-were selected to focus the case study exercise. Principles of the general approach include considering the genomics data in conjunction with all other data to determine their ability to inform the various qualitative and/or quantitative aspects of risk assessment, and evaluating the relationship between the available genomic and toxicity outcome data with respect to study comparability and phenotypic anchoring. Based on experience from the DBP case study, recommendations and a general approach for integrating genomic data in chemical assessment were developed to advance the broader effort to utilize 21st century data in risk assessment. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Euling, Susan Y.; Chiu, Weihsueh A.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Thompson, Chad M.] ToxStrategies Inc, Katy, TX 77494 USA. [Benson, Robert] US EPA, Denver, CO 80202 USA. RP Euling, SY (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, 1200 Penn Ave,NW,Mail Code 8623P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM euling.susan@epa.gov NR 71 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 23 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 271 IS 3 BP 324 EP 335 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2013.03.013 PG 12 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 221OZ UT WOS:000324669500004 PM 23537663 ER PT J AU Makris, SL Euling, SY Gray, LE Benson, R Foster, PMD AF Makris, Susan L. Euling, Susan Y. Gray, L. Earl, Jr. Benson, Robert Foster, Paul M. D. TI Use of genomic data in risk assessment case study: I. Evaluation of the dibutyl phthalate male reproductive development toxicity data set SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dibutyl phthalate; Risk assessment; Toxicogenomic ID N-BUTYL PHTHALATE; IN-UTERO EXPOSURE; FETAL-RAT TESTIS; DOSE-DEPENDENT ALTERATIONS; DI(N-BUTYL) PHTHALATE; GENE-EXPRESSION; TESTICULAR DYSGENESIS; LATE-GESTATION; LATE PREGNANCY; TRACT LESIONS AB A case study was conducted, using dibutyl phthalate (DBP), to explore an approach to using toxicogenomic data in risk assessment. The toxicity and toxicogenomic data sets relative to DBP-related male reproductive developmental outcomes were considered conjointly to derive information about mode and mechanism of action. In this manuscript, we describe the case study evaluation of the toxicological database for DBP, focusing on identifying the full spectrum of male reproductive developmental effects. The data were assessed to 1) evaluate low dose and low incidence findings and 2) identify male reproductive toxicity endpoints without well-established modes of action (MOAs). These efforts led to the characterization of data gaps and research needs for the toxicity and toxicogenomic studies in a risk assessment context. Further, the identification of endpoints with unexplained MOAs in the toxicity data set was useful in the subsequent evaluation of the mechanistic information that the toxicogenomic data set evaluation could provide. The extensive analysis of the toxicology data set within the MOA context provided a resource of information for DBP in attempts to hypothesize MOAs (for endpoints without a well-established MOA) and to phenotypically anchor toxicogenomic and other mechanistic data both to toxicity endpoints and to available toxicogenomic data. This case study serves as an example of the steps that can be taken to develop a toxicological data source for a risk assessment, both in general and especially for risk assessments that include toxicogenomic data. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Makris, Susan L.; Euling, Susan Y.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Gray, L. Earl, Jr.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Benson, Robert] US EPA, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Foster, Paul M. D.] NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Makris, SL (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Mail Code 8623P,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM makris.susan@epa.gov NR 64 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 30 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 271 IS 3 BP 336 EP 348 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2010.09.006 PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 221OZ UT WOS:000324669500005 PM 20849870 ER PT J AU Euling, SY White, LD Kim, AS Sen, B Wilson, VS Keshava, C Keshava, N Hester, S Ovacik, MA Ierapetritou, MG Androulakis, IP Gaido, KW AF Euling, Susan Y. White, Lori D. Kim, Andrea S. Sen, Banalata Wilson, Vickie S. Keshava, Channa Keshava, Nagalakshmi Hester, Susan Ovacik, Meric A. Ierapetritou, Marianthi G. Androulakis, Ioannis P. Gaido, Kevin W. TI Use of genomic data in risk assessment case study: II. Evaluation of the dibutyl phthalate toxicogenomic data set SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Phthalates; Toxicogenomic; Risk assessment; Male reproduction; Development; Testosterone; Testicular dysgenesis syndrome; Phthalate syndrome ID IN-UTERO EXPOSURE; FETAL-RAT TESTIS; TESTICULAR DYSGENESIS SYNDROME; DOSE-DEPENDENT ALTERATIONS; GENE-EXPRESSION; DI(N-BUTYL) PHTHALATE; MICROARRAY EXPERIMENTS; INSL3; STEROIDOGENESIS; CRYPTORCHIDISM AB An evaluation of the toxicogenomic data set for dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and male reproductive developmental effects was performed as part of a larger case study to test an approach for incorporating genomic data in risk assessment. The DBP toxicogenomic data set is composed of nine in vivo studies from the published literature that exposed rats to DBP during gestation and evaluated gene expression changes in testes or Wolffian ducts of male fetuses. The exercise focused on qualitative evaluation, based on a lack of available dose-response data, of the DBP toxicogenomic data set to postulate modes and mechanisms of action for the male reproductive developmental outcomes, which occur in the lower dose range. A weight-of-evidence evaluation was performed on the eight DBP toxicogenomic studies of the rat testis at the gene and pathway levels. The results showed relatively strong evidence of DBP-induced downregulation of genes in the steroidogenesis pathway and lipid/sterol/cholesterol transport pathway as well as effects on immediate early gene/growth/differentiation, transcription, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling and apoptosis pathways in the testis. Since two established modes of action (MOAs), reduced fetal testicular testosterone production and Insl3 gene expression, explain some but not all of the testis effects observed in rats after in utero DBP exposure, other MOAs are likely to be operative. A reanalysis of one DBP microarray study identified additional pathways within cell signaling, metabolism, hormone, disease, and cell adhesion biological processes. These putative new pathways may be associated with DBP effects on the testes that are currently unexplained. This case study on DBP identified data gaps and research needs for the use of toxicogenomic data in risk assessment. Furthermore, this study demonstrated an approach for evaluating toxicogenomic data in human health risk assessment that could be applied to future chemicals. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Euling, Susan Y.; Kim, Andrea S.; Keshava, Channa; Keshava, Nagalakshmi] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [White, Lori D.; Sen, Banalata] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Wilson, Vickie S.; Hester, Susan] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ovacik, Meric A.; Ierapetritou, Marianthi G.; Androulakis, Ioannis P.] Rutgers State Univ, Environm Bioinformat & Computat Toxicol Ctr EbCTC, Natl Ctr Environm Res Sci Achieve Results STAR, Bioinformat Ctr, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Ovacik, Meric A.; Ierapetritou, Marianthi G.; Androulakis, Ioannis P.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Gaido, Kevin W.] US FDA, Ctr Vet Med, Rockville, MD 20855 USA. RP Euling, SY (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, 1200 Penn Ave NW,Mail Code 8623P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM euling.susan@epa.gov OI Wilson, Vickie/0000-0003-1661-8481 NR 39 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 32 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 271 IS 3 BP 349 EP 362 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2011.06.014 PG 14 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 221OZ UT WOS:000324669500006 PM 21745491 ER PT J AU Burgess-Herbert, SL Euling, SY AF Burgess-Herbert, Sarah L. Euling, Susan Y. TI Use of comparative genomics approaches to characterize interspecies differences in response to environmental chemicals: Challenges, opportunities, and research needs SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cross-species; Molecular network; Biological pathway; Selective constraints; -omics; Human health risk assessment; Systems biology ID PROTEIN-INTERACTION NETWORKS; PREGNANE-X RECEPTOR; METABOLIC PATHWAYS; BIOLOGICAL NETWORKS; PHYLOGENETIC PROFILES; FUNCTIONAL LINKAGES; MOLECULAR NETWORKS; ANDROGEN RECEPTOR; ASTRAL COMPENDIUM; STRUCTURAL CLASSIFICATION AB A critical challenge for environmental chemical risk assessment is the characterization and reduction of uncertainties introduced when extrapolating inferences from one species to another. The purpose of this article is to explore the challenges, opportunities, and research needs surrounding the issue of how genomics data and computational and systems level approaches can be applied to inform differences in response to environmental chemical exposure across species. We propose that the data, tools, and evolutionary framework of comparative genomics be adapted to inform interspecies differences in chemical mechanisms of action. We compare and contrast existing approaches, from disciplines as varied as evolutionary biology, systems biology, mathematics, and computer science, that can be used, modified, and combined in new ways to discover and characterize interspecies differences in chemical mechanism of action which, in turn, can be explored for application to risk assessment. We consider how genetic, protein, pathway, and network information can be interrogated from an evolutionary biology perspective to effectively characterize variations in biological processes of toxicological relevance among organisms. We conclude that comparative genomics approaches show promise for characterizing interspecies differences in mechanisms of action, and further, for improving our understanding of the uncertainties inherent in extrapolating inferences across species in both ecological and human health risk assessment. To achieve long-term relevance and consistent use in environmental chemical risk assessment, improved bioinformatics tools, computational methods robust to data gaps, and quantitative approaches for conducting extrapolations across species are critically needed. Specific areas ripe for research to address these needs are recommended. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Euling, Susan Y.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Burgess-Herbert, SL (reprint author), 2151 Jamieson Ave 1504, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA. EM sarah.burgess@alum.mit.edu NR 136 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 31 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 271 IS 3 BP 372 EP 385 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2011.11.011 PG 14 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 221OZ UT WOS:000324669500008 PM 22142766 ER PT J AU Ovacik, MA Sen, B Euling, SY Gaido, KW Ierapetritou, MG Androulakis, IP AF Ovacik, Meric A. Sen, Banalata Euling, Susan Y. Gaido, Kevin W. Ierapetritou, Marianthi G. Androulakis, Ioannis P. TI Pathway modeling of microarray data: A case study of pathway activity changes in the testis following in utero exposure to dibutyl phthalate (DBP) SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dibutyl Phthalate (DBP); Microarray data; Pathway analysis; Singular value decomposition (SVD); Time course ID GENE-EXPRESSION DATA; SINGULAR-VALUE DECOMPOSITION; REPRODUCTIVE-TRACT LESIONS; FETAL-RAT TESTIS; DI(N-BUTYL) PHTHALATE; METABOLIC PATHWAYS; MOUSE; CLASSIFICATION; PROLIFERATION; PREDICTION AB Pathway activity level analysis, the approach pursued in this study, focuses on all genes that are known to be members of metabolic and signaling pathways as defined by the KEGG database. The pathway activity level analysis entails singular value decomposition (SVD) of the expression data of the genes constituting a given pathway. We explore an extension of the pathway activity methodology for application to time-course microarray data. We show that pathway analysis enhances our ability to detect biologically relevant changes in pathway activity using synthetic data. As a case study, we apply the pathway activity level formulation coupled with significance analysis to microarray data from two different rat testes exposed in utero to Dibutyl Phthalate (DBP). In utero DBP exposure in the rat results in developmental toxicity of a number of male reproductive organs, including the testes. One well-characterized mode of action for DBP and the male reproductive developmental effects is the repression of expression of genes involved in cholesterol transport, steroid biosynthesis and testosterone synthesis that lead to a decreased fetal testicular testosterone. Previous analyses of DBP testes microarray data focused on either individual gene expression changes or changes in the expression of specific genes that are hypothesized, or known, to be important in testicular development and testosterone synthesis. However, a pathway analysis may inform whether there are additional affected pathways that could inform additional modes of action linked to DBP developmental toxicity. We show that Pathway activity analysis may be considered for a more comprehensive analysis of microarray data. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Ovacik, Meric A.; Ierapetritou, Marianthi G.; Androulakis, Ioannis P.] Rutgers State Univ, Chem & Biochem Engn Dept, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Sen, Banalata] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Euling, Susan Y.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Gaido, Kevin W.] US FDA, Ctr Vet Med, Off New Anim Drug Evaluat, Div Human Food Safety, Rockville, MD 20855 USA. [Androulakis, Ioannis P.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Androulakis, IP (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, 599 Taylor Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM yannis@rci.rutgers.edu FU USEPA; Environmental Bioinformatics and Computational Toxicology Center (ebCTC), under STAR Grant [GAD R 832721-010] FX Support for this work has been partially provided by the USEPA-funded Environmental Bioinformatics and Computational Toxicology Center (ebCTC), under STAR Grant number GAD R 832721-010. This work has not been reviewed by and does not represent the opinions of the funding agency. The authors acknowledge fruitful discussions with Prof. P. Georgopoulos and Prof. W. Welsh. We acknowledge helpful suggestions from the DBP Case Study team, especially Weihsueh Chiu and Susan Hester. NR 59 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 23 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 271 IS 3 BP 386 EP 394 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2010.09.008 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 221OZ UT WOS:000324669500009 PM 20850466 ER PT J AU Mortensen, HM Euling, SY AF Mortensen, Holly M. Euling, Susan Y. TI Integrating mechanistic and polymorphism data to characterize human genetic susceptibility for environmental chemical risk assessment in the 21st century SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bioinformatics; Human genetic variation; Susceptibility; Toxicity pathway ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; COMPARATIVE TOXICOGENOMICS DATABASE; HUMAN-DISEASE; SYSTEMS BIOLOGY; COMPUTATIONAL TOXICOLOGY; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; NATURAL-SELECTION; CANDIDATE GENES; ANIMAL-MODELS AB Response to environmental chemicals can vary widely among individuals and between population groups. In human health risk assessment, data on susceptibility can be utilized by deriving risk levels based on a study of a susceptible population and/or an uncertainty factor may be applied to account for the lack of information about susceptibility. Defining genetic susceptibility in response to environmental chemicals across human populations is an area of interest in the NAS' new paradigm of toxicity pathway-based risk assessment. Data from high-throughput/high content (HT/HC), including -omics (e.g., genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics) technologies, have been integral to the identification and characterization of drug target and disease loci, and have been successfully utilized to inform the mechanism of action for numerous environmental chemicals. Large-scale population genotyping studies may help to characterize levels of variability across human populations at identified target loci implicated in response to environmental chemicals. By combining mechanistic data for a given environmental chemical with next generation sequencing data that provides human population variation information, one can begin to characterize differential susceptibility due to genetic variability to environmental chemicals within and across genetically heterogeneous human populations. The integration of such data sources will be informative to human health risk assessment (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Mortensen, Holly M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Euling, Susan Y.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Mortensen, HM (reprint author), Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM mortensen.holly@epa.gov NR 91 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 24 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 271 IS 3 BP 395 EP 404 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2011.01.015 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 221OZ UT WOS:000324669500010 PM 21291902 ER PT J AU Yang, WC Guo, DY Harris, MA Cui, Y Gluhak-Heinrich, J Wu, JJ Chen, XD Skinner, C Nyman, JS Edwards, JR Mundy, GR Lichtler, A Kream, BE Rowe, DW Kalajzic, I David, V Quarles, DL Villareal, D Scott, G Ray, M Liu, S Martin, JF Mishina, Y Harris, SE AF Yang, Wuchen Guo, Dayong Harris, Marie A. Cui, Yong Gluhak-Heinrich, Jelica Wu, Junjie Chen, Xiao-Dong Skinner, Charles Nyman, Jeffry S. Edwards, James R. Mundy, Gregory R. Lichtler, Alex Kream, Barbara E. Rowe, David W. Kalajzic, Ivo David, Val Quarles, Darryl L. Villareal, Demetri Scott, Greg Ray, Manas Liu, S. Martin, James F. Mishina, Yuji Harris, Stephen E. TI Bmp2 in osteoblasts of periosteum and trabecular bone links bone formation to vascularization and mesenchymal stem cells SO JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Bmp2; Osteoblasts; Angiogenesis; Mesenchymal stem cells; VegfA; alpha-SMA plus cells ID PROGENITOR CELLS; DISTRACTION OSTEOGENESIS; MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN-2; GENE-TRANSCRIPTION; IN-VIVO; EXPRESSION; DIFFERENTIATION; ANGIOGENESIS; VEGF; MATRIX AB We generated a new Bmp2 conditional-knockout allele without a neo cassette that removes the Bmp2 gene from osteoblasts (Bmp2-cKO(ob)) using the 3.6Col1a1-Cre transgenic model. Bones of Bmp2-cKO(ob) mice are thinner, with increased brittleness. Osteoblast activity is reduced as reflected in a reduced bone formation rate and failure to differentiate to a mature mineralizing stage. Bmp2 in osteoblasts also indirectly controls angiogenesis in the periosteum and bone marrow. VegfA production is reduced in Bmp2-cKO(ob) osteoblasts. Deletion of Bmp2 in osteoblasts also leads to defective mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which correlates with the reduced microvascular bed in the periosteum and trabecular bones. Expression of several MSC marker genes (alpha-SMA, CD146 and Angiopoietin-1) in vivo, in vitro CFU assays and deletion of Bmp2 in vitro in alpha-SMA(+) MSCs support our conclusions. Critical roles of Bmp2 in osteoblasts and MSCs are a vital link between bone formation, vascularization and mesenchymal stem cells. C1 [Yang, Wuchen; Harris, Marie A.; Cui, Yong; Gluhak-Heinrich, Jelica; Villareal, Demetri; Harris, Stephen E.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Periodont, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Yang, Wuchen] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Craniofacial Sci, Farmington, CT 06030 USA. [Guo, Dayong] Univ Missouri, Dept Oral Biol, Kansas City, MO 64108 USA. [Guo, Dayong] Regeneron Inc, Tarrytown, NY 10591 USA. [Wu, Junjie; Chen, Xiao-Dong; Skinner, Charles] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Comprehens Dent, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Nyman, Jeffry S.; Edwards, James R.; Mundy, Gregory R.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Rehabil, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Nyman, Jeffry S.; Edwards, James R.; Mundy, Gregory R.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Vanderbilt Ctr Bone Biol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Lichtler, Alex; Kream, Barbara E.; Rowe, David W.; Kalajzic, Ivo] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Ctr Regenerat Med & Skeletal Dev, Farmington, CT USA. [David, Val; Quarles, Darryl L.] Univ Tennessee, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Memphis, TN 38104 USA. [Scott, Greg; Ray, Manas] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Liu, S.] Genzyme Co, Endocrine & Renal Sci, Framingham, MA 01701 USA. [Martin, James F.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol Physiol & Biophys, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Mishina, Yuji] Univ Michigan, Sch Dent, Dept Biol & Mat Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Harris, SE (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Periodont, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM harris@uthscsa.edu RI Nyman, Jeffry/L-5736-2013 FU US National Institutes of Health [R01 AR054616, AR44728, R01DE020843, ES071003-11] FX This work was supported by the US National Institutes of Health [grant numbers R01 AR054616 and AR44728 to S.E.H.; R01DE020843 and ES071003-11 to Y.M.]. Deposited in PMC for release after 12 months. NR 60 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 18 PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4DL, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0021-9533 J9 J CELL SCI JI J. Cell Sci. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 126 IS 18 BP 4085 EP 4098 DI 10.1242/jcs.118596 PG 14 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 217SK UT WOS:000324380700004 PM 23843612 ER PT J AU Amer, W Abdelouandi, K Ramananarivo, HR Zahouily, M Fihri, A Coppel, Y Varma, RS Solhy, A AF Amer, Walid Abdelouandi, Karima Ramananarivo, Hugo Ronald Zahouily, Mohamed Fihri, Aziz Coppel, Yannick Varma, Rajender S. Solhy, Abderrahim TI Synthesis of mesoporous nano-hydroxyapatite by using zwitterions surfactant SO MATERIALS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Nano-hydroxyapatite; Mesoporous structure; Sol-gel; Zwitterionic surfactant; Microwave irradiation ID HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS; CATIONIC SURFACTANT; POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL; CALCIUM PHOSPHATES; ASSISTED SYNTHESIS; METAL-OXIDES; TEMPLATE; PARTICLES; EMULSION; GROWTH AB Mesoporous nano-hydroxyapatite (mn-HAP) was successfully synthesized via a novel micelle-templating method using lauryl dimethylaminoacetic acid as zwitterionic surfactant. The systematic use of such a surfactant in combination with microwave energy input enables the precise control of pore size in a narrow-size distribution range (36 nm). The comparison of the specific surfaces area of dried and calcined mn-HAP (87 m(2) g(-1) and 55 m(2) g(-1), respectively) illustrates the fundamental role of zwitterionic surfactant in the synthesis of mn-HAP. The controlled growth of hydroxyapatite is confirmed by means of thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), solid-state NMR, N-2 adsorption-desorption measurements (BET), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Amer, Walid; Ramananarivo, Hugo Ronald; Zahouily, Mohamed; Fihri, Aziz; Solhy, Abderrahim] MAScIR Fdn, INANOTECH, VARENA Ctr, Rabat 10100, Morocco. [Amer, Walid; Ramananarivo, Hugo Ronald] Univ Mohamed V Agdal, Fac Sci, Rabat, Morocco. [Abdelouandi, Karima] Angle Allal Fassi FAR, Div UATRS, CNRST, Rabat 10000, Morocco. [Zahouily, Mohamed] Univ Hassan II Mohammedia, Fac Sci & Tech, Lab Mat Catalyse & Valorisat Ressources Nat, URAC 24, Mohammadia 20650, Morocco. [Coppel, Yannick] CNRS, LCC, F-31077 Toulouse 4, France. [Coppel, Yannick] Univ Toulouse, UPS, INPT, F-31077 Toulouse 4, France. [Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Solhy, A (reprint author), MAScIR Fdn, INANOTECH, VARENA Ctr, Rue Mohamed El Jazouli, Rabat 10100, Morocco. EM a.solhy@mascir.com FU Office Cherifien des Phosphates in the Moroccan Kingdom (OCP Group): RD Department; CNRST FX The financial assistance of the Office Cherifien des Phosphates in the Moroccan Kingdom (OCP Group): R&D Department towards this research is hereby acknowledged. We also acknowledge the financial assistance of the CNRST. We also thank the technical support teams of the MAScIR Foundation. NR 51 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 9 U2 126 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-577X EI 1873-4979 J9 MATER LETT JI Mater. Lett. PD SEP 15 PY 2013 VL 107 BP 189 EP 193 DI 10.1016/j.matlet.2013.05.103 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 202SQ UT WOS:000323240300054 ER PT J AU Gaskill, BN Pritchett-Corning, KR Gordon, CJ Pajor, EA Lucas, JR Davis, JK Garner, JP AF Gaskill, Brianna N. Pritchett-Corning, Kathleen R. Gordon, Christopher J. Pajor, Edmond A. Lucas, Jeffrey R. Davis, Jerry K. Garner, Joseph P. TI Energy Reallocation to Breeding Performance through Improved Nest Building in Laboratory Mice SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MUS-MUSCULUS; ENVIRONMENTAL ENRICHMENT; HOUSE MOUSE; TEMPERATURE; LACTATION; C57BL/6J; BEHAVIOR; STRESS; LIMITS; RATS AB Mice are housed at temperatures (20-26 degrees C) that increase their basal metabolic rates and impose high energy demands to maintain core temperatures. Therefore, energy must be reallocated from other biological processes to increase heat production to offset heat loss. Supplying laboratory mice with nesting material may provide sufficient insulation to reduce heat loss and improve both feed conversion and breeding performance. Naive C57BL/6, BALB/c, and CD-1breeding pairs were provided with bedding alone, or bedding supplemented with either 8g of Enviro-Dri, 8g of Nestlets, for 6 months. Mice provided with either nesting material built more dome-like nests than controls. Nesting material improved feed efficiency per pup weaned as well as pup weaning weight. The breeding index (pups weaned/dam/week) was higher when either nesting material was provided. Thus, the sparing of energy for thermoregulation of mice given additional nesting material may have been responsible for the improved breeding and growth of offspring. C1 [Gaskill, Brianna N.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Gaskill, Brianna N.; Pritchett-Corning, Kathleen R.] Charles River, Wilmington, MA USA. [Gordon, Christopher J.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Pajor, Edmond A.] Univ Calgary, Dept Prod Anim Hlth, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Lucas, Jeffrey R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Davis, Jerry K.] Purdue Univ, Dept Comparat Pathobiol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Garner, Joseph P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Comparat Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Garner, Joseph P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Gaskill, BN (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM brianna.gaskill@crl.com RI Garner, Joseph/C-8422-2009; Pritchett-Corning, Kathleen/E-7675-2011; Gaskill, Brianna/F-5950-2011 OI Pritchett-Corning, Kathleen/0000-0002-1888-4751; Gaskill, Brianna/0000-0002-1884-803X FU Professor William Russel Fellowship from the Universities Federation for Animal Welfare FX This work was supported by the Professor William Russel Fellowship from the Universities Federation for Animal Welfare. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 22 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 11 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 9 AR e74153 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0074153 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 248VW UT WOS:000326734500075 PM 24040193 ER PT J AU Hagan, N Robins, N Hsu-Kim, H Halabi, S Gonzales, RDE Richter, DD Vandenberg, J AF Hagan, Nicole Robins, Nicholas Hsu-Kim, Heileen Halabi, Susan Espinoza Gonzales, Ruben Dario Richter, Daniel deB. Vandenberg, John TI Residential Mercury Contamination in Adobe Brick Homes in Huancavelica, Peru SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SOILS; SLOVENIA; DISTRICT; SITES; SPAIN; DUST AB This is the first study of adobe brick contamination anywhere in the world. Huancavelica, Peru is the site of historic cinnabar refining and one of the most mercury (Hg) contaminated urban areas in the world. Over 80% of homes in Huancavelica are constructed with adobe bricks made from Hg contaminated soil. In this study we measured total Hg concentrations in adobe brick, dirt floor, surface dust, and air samples from the interior of 60 adobe brick houses located in four neighborhoods. Concentrations of total Hg in adobe bricks, dirt floors, and surface dust ranged from 8.00 to 1070 mu g/g, 3.06 to 926 mu g/g, and 0.02 to 9.69 mu g/wipe, respectively, with statistically significant differences between the four neighborhoods. Concentrations of Hg in adobe brick and dirt floor samples in Huancavelica were orders of magnitude higher than in Ayacucho, a non-mining town in Peru. A strong correlation exists between total Hg concentrations in adobe bricks and dirt floors which confirms that adobe bricks were being made on-site and not purchased from an off-site source. A strong correlation between surface dust and adobe bricks and dirt floors indicates that walls and floors serve as indoor sources of Hg contamination. Elemental Hg vapor concentrations were below detection (<0.5 mu g/m(3)) in most homes; however in homes with detectable levels, concentrations up to 5.1 mu g/m3 were observed. No statistically significant differences in Hg vapor measurements were observed between neighborhoods. This study demonstrates that building materials used widely in developing communities, such as adobe bricks, may be a substantial source of residential Hg exposure in silver or gold refining communities where Hg is produced or used for amalgamation in artisanal gold production. C1 [Hagan, Nicole] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Robins, Nicholas] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hist, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Hsu-Kim, Heileen] Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Halabi, Susan] Duke Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Espinoza Gonzales, Ruben Dario] Environm Hlth Council, Huancavelica, Peru. [Richter, Daniel deB.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Vandenberg, John] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hagan, N (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM nhagan@live.unc.edu RI Hsu-Kim, Heileen/A-5409-2008; OI Hsu-Kim, Heileen/0000-0003-0675-4308; Vandenberg, John/0000-0003-2619-9460 FU Duke Global Health Institute; Oak Ridge Institute Science and Education fellowships at the U.S. EPA National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development; EPA/UNC [CR-83515201-0]; Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill FX This research was supported by a grant from the Duke Global Health Institute. Nicholas Robins and Nicole Hagan would jointly like to acknowledge support from Oak Ridge Institute Science and Education fellowships at the U.S. EPA National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development. Nicole Hagan would also like to acknowledge support from the EPA/UNC Toxicology Training Agreement CR-83515201-0, with the Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 16 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 10 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 9 AR e75179 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0075179 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 259PK UT WOS:000327538600132 PM 24040399 ER PT J AU Morandi, F Campbell, DE Pulselli, RM Bastianoni, S AF Morandi, Fabiana Campbell, Daniel E. Pulselli, Riccardo M. Bastianoni, Simone TI Using the language of sets to describe nested systems in emergy evaluations SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Emergy evaluation; Nested systems; Set theory; Double counting ID SUSTAINABILITY AB The language of set theory has been recently used to describe the emergy evaluation of a process. In this paper this mathematical language is used as a guide to evaluate the emergy of nested systems. We analyze a territorial system on multiple scales as an example of hierarchically nested systems. In this regard, we consider two levels of organization of a territorial system with particular attention to defining the relationships between the flows at each level and between the levels. Our method is designed to make quantifying the interactions among levels easier and more accurate. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Morandi, Fabiana; Pulselli, Riccardo M.; Bastianoni, Simone] Univ Siena, Dept Environm Earth & Phys Sci, Ecodynam Grp, I-53100 Siena, Italy. [Campbell, Daniel E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Morandi, F (reprint author), Univ Siena, Dept Environm Earth & Phys Sci, Ecodynam Grp, Via Diana 2-A, I-53100 Siena, Italy. EM morandi2@unisi.it RI Bastianoni, Simone/K-6721-2015; MORANDI, FABIANA/K-4184-2015 OI Bastianoni, Simone/0000-0002-6470-7377; MORANDI, FABIANA/0000-0002-7187-8799 FU USEPA FX The research described in this article resulted from a collaboration between The Ecodynamics Group, University of Siena, the Ph.D. School in Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science of University of Siena (Italy) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Office of Research and Development (ORD), National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (NHEERL), Atlantic Ecology Division (AED). Although the research described in this article has been funded, in part, by the USEPA, it has not been subjected to Agency level review; and therefore, it does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD SEP 10 PY 2013 VL 265 BP 85 EP 98 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2013.06.006 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 208OL UT WOS:000323688900008 ER PT J AU Raimondo, S AF Raimondo, Sandy TI Density dependent functional forms drive compensation in populations exposed to stressors SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Compensatory density dependence; Density dependence functional form; Toxicity; Stressor response curves; Population modeling; Management ID MINNOW CYPRINODON-VARIEGATUS; MULTIGENERATIONAL EXPOSURE; RISK-ASSESSMENT; 3 GENERATIONS; MARINE FISH; PATTERNS; MODELS; REPRODUCTION; MORTALITY; TOXICANT AB The interaction between density dependence (DD) and environmental stressors can result in responses that range from compensatory to synergistic impacts to population growth. Models that exclude DD or use generic DD functions for populations in which density may be an important form of regulation may introduce bias into management decisions. Understanding the interaction between DD and stressors on demographic endpoints is needed to ensure models applied in management have the potential to detect compensatory or synergistic interactions between the two. This relationship was explored through the development of a DD demographic model for the sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus) containing data-defined functions of DD for adult survival, fecundity, and growth. Concentration response curves were developed for organism-level effects from chronic laboratory studies with four chemicals (estradiol, trenbolone, trifluralin, chlordane) causing impacts that vary in endpoint and magnitude. Concentration-response curves were also developed for three hypothetical chemicals (HC) that affected only adult survival (HC-A), fecundity (HC-B), or juvenile growth (HC-C). Population growth rate (PGR) was determined across a range of densities and concentrations for each chemical. PGR contours revealed potential DD-stressor interactions ranging from compensatory to synergistic, which were a function of the combination of DD forms applied in the model and the organism-level impacts of the stressor. Simulations of population projections verified the potential compensatory and synergistic interactions of density and stressors depicted by the PGR contours. The strongest compensation occurred where survival was both DD and impacted by the stressor. When DD survival was omitted, DD fecundity and growth were drivers of PGR, but had limited compensatory influence. These interactions reflect the importance of DD demographic rates to population projections, which should be incorporated into models applied in the management of species in which density may be an important population driver. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Raimondo, S (reprint author), US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM Raimondo.sandy@epa.gov NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD SEP 10 PY 2013 VL 265 BP 149 EP 157 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2013.06.014 PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 208OL UT WOS:000323688900014 ER PT J AU Al-Abed, SR Pinto, PX Holder, CD AF Al-Abed, Souhail R. Pinto, Patricio X. Holder, Christopher D. TI Metal release from mine tailings under oxic and anoxic conditions SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Al-Abed, Souhail R.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Pinto, Patricio X.; Holder, Christopher D.] Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA. EM al-abed.souhail@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 41-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403518 ER PT J AU Alstine, JL AF Alstine, Julie L. TI Overview of updates to US EPA Office of Pesticide Programs dietary models and Residential SOPs SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Alstine, Julie L.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Div Hlth Effects, Washington, DE 20460 USA. EM vanalstine.julie@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 321-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400530 ER PT J AU Basta, NT Minca, KK Scheckel, KG Moser, ME AF Basta, Nicholas T. Minca, Kristen K. Scheckel, Kirk G. Moser, Megan E. TI Are phosphorus in situ Pb stabilization treatments equal? SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Basta, Nicholas T.; Minca, Kristen K.; Moser, Megan E.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. EM basta.4@osu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 19-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403497 ER PT J AU Beigzadeh-Milani, S Jafvert, CT Hou, WC Zepp, RG AF Beigzadeh-Milani, Somayeh Jafvert, Chad T. Hou, Wen-Che Zepp, Richard G. TI Hydroxyl radical induced photo-transformation of single-walled carbon nanotubes in the aquatic environment SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Beigzadeh-Milani, Somayeh; Jafvert, Chad T.] Purdue Univ, Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Hou, Wen-Che; Zepp, Richard G.] US EPA, NERL ERD, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Hou, Wen-Che] CNR, Res Associateship Programs, Washington, DC 20001 USA. EM sbeigzad@purdue.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 265-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403725 ER PT J AU Bienstock, RJ Yang, CH Rathman, J Richard, AM AF Bienstock, Rochelle J. Yang, Chihae Rathman, Jim Richard, Ann M. TI Chemotype approach to mapping the chemical landscape and exploring chemical-biological interactions within EPA's ToxCast project SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Bienstock, Rochelle J.] US EPA, IS & GS Civil, EPA Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol NCCT, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Yang, Chihae; Rathman, Jim] Altamira LLC, Columbus, OH 43235 USA. [Richard, Ann M.] Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM bienstock.rachelle@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 117-CINF PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618402022 ER PT J AU Boethling, RS Meylan, W AF Boethling, Robert S. Meylan, William TI How accurate are physical property estimation programs for organosilicon compounds? SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Boethling, Robert S.] US EPA, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Meylan, William] SRC Inc, Syracuse, NY 13212 USA. EM boethling.bob@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 63-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403538 ER PT J AU Cheng, ZQ Maddaloni, M Scheckel, KG AF Cheng, Zhongqi Maddaloni, Mark Scheckel, Kirk G. TI Lead stabilization and arsenic mobilization by phosphate and alternative amendments: Implications on urban soil remediation and urban agriculture SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Cheng, Zhongqi] CUNY Brooklyn Coll, Brooklyn, NY 11210 USA. [Maddaloni, Mark] US EPA, New York, NY USA. [Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM zcheng@brooklyn.cuny.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 20-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403498 ER PT J AU Dasu, K Mills, MA Tadele, K Crone, B AF Dasu, Kavitha Mills, Marc A. Tadele, Kidus Crone, Brian TI Concentrations of perfluorinated chemicals and their precursors in wastewater matrices across United States SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Dasu, Kavitha; Mills, Marc A.; Tadele, Kidus; Crone, Brian] US EPA, ORD NRMRL, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM dasu.kavitha@epa.gov RI Mills, Marc/C-3449-2017 OI Mills, Marc/0000-0002-0169-3086 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 338-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403792 ER PT J AU DeMarini, DM Mutlu, E Warren, SH Matthews, PP Kligerman, AD King, C Linak, WP Nash, DG Gilmour, MI AF DeMarini, David M. Mutlu, Esra Warren, Sarah H. Matthews, Peggy P. Kligerman, Andrew D. King, Charly Linak, William P. Nash, David G. Gilmour, M. Ian TI Mutagenicity and bioassay-directed fractionation of diesel and biodiesel emissions SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [DeMarini, David M.; Warren, Sarah H.; Matthews, Peggy P.; Kligerman, Andrew D.; King, Charly; Linak, William P.; Gilmour, M. Ian] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Mutlu, Esra] UNC, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Nash, David G.] ORISE, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM demarini.david@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 119-TOXI PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618407294 ER PT J AU Duan, XD He, XX Mezyk, SP Marfil-Vega, R Mills, MA Dionysiou, DD AF Duan, Xiaodi He, Xuexiang Mezyk, Stephen P. Marfil-Vega, Ruth Mills, Marc A. Dionysiou, Dionysios D. TI Photochemical destruction of thyroid hormone SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Duan, Xiaodi; He, Xuexiang; Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn & Sci Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Mezyk, Stephen P.] Calif State Univ Long Beach, Dept Chem & Biochem, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA. [Marfil-Vega, Ruth] Amer Water, Innovat & Environm Stewardship, Belleville, IL 62220 USA. [Mills, Marc A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM duanxd@mail.uc.edu RI Mills, Marc/C-3449-2017 OI Mills, Marc/0000-0002-0169-3086 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 289-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403748 ER PT J AU Evans, J AF Evans, Jeff TI Acute nondietary exposure assessment SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Evans, Jeff] US EPA, Div Hlth Effects, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM evans.jeff@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 297-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400508 ER PT J AU Gangaraju, R Mitchell, M Shamim, M Nicholson, I Montanarella, L Egsmose, M AF Gangaraju, Raju Mitchell, Mary Shamim, Mah Nicholson, Ian Montanarella, Luca Egsmose, Mark TI OECD guidance for acceptance of foreign pesticide field dissipation studies and ecoregion concept SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Gangaraju, Raju; Mitchell, Mary; Nicholson, Ian] Hlth Canada, Pest Management Regulatory Agcy, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada. [Shamim, Mah] US EPA, Environm Fate & Effects Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Montanarella, Luca] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Instutute Environm & Sustainabil, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy. [Egsmose, Mark] European Food Safety Author, Pesticides Unit, I-43100 Parma, Italy. EM Raju.gangaraju@hc-sc.gc.ca NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 274-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400486 ER PT J AU Glassmeyer, ST Furlong, E Kolpin, D Batt, A Benson, B Boone, S Conerly, O Donohue, M Kostich, M Mash, H Pfaller, S Schenck, K Simmons, JE Varughese, E Vesper, S Villegas, E Wilson, V AF Glassmeyer, Susan T. Furlong, Edward Kolpin, Dana Batt, Angela Benson, Bob Boone, Scott Conerly, Octavia Donohue, Maura Kostich, Mitch Mash, Heath Pfaller, Stacy Schenck, Kathleen Simmons, Jane Ellen Varughese, Eunice Vesper, Stephen Villegas, Eric Wilson, Vickie TI Chemical and microbial contaminants of emerging concern in source and treated drinking water SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Glassmeyer, Susan T.; Batt, Angela; Donohue, Maura; Kostich, Mitch; Mash, Heath; Pfaller, Stacy; Schenck, Kathleen; Varughese, Eunice; Vesper, Stephen; Villegas, Eric] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Furlong, Edward] US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Lab, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Kolpin, Dana] US Geol Survey, Iowa City, IA 52244 USA. [Benson, Bob] US EPA, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Boone, Scott] US EPA, Off Chem Safety & Pollut Prevent, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Conerly, Octavia] US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC 20004 USA. [Simmons, Jane Ellen; Wilson, Vickie] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM glassmeyer.susan@epa.gov RI Glassmeyer, Susan/E-5004-2017 OI Glassmeyer, Susan/0000-0002-0538-5793 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 12-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403490 ER PT J AU He, XX de la Cruz, AA Dionysiou, DD AF He, Xuexiang de la Cruz, Armah A. Dionysiou, Dionysios D. TI Degradation mechanisms during the removal of the emerging cyanobacterial toxin cylindrospermopsin by advanced oxidation SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [He, Xuexiang; Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn & Sci Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [de la Cruz, Armah A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cyprus, NIREAS Int Water Res Ctr, Nicosia, Cyprus. EM hexa@mail.uc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 348-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403800 ER PT J AU Howard, CJ Hu, JL Kleeman, MJ Green, PG McConnell, LL Hapeman, CJ AF Howard, Cody J. Hu, Jianlin Kleeman, Michael J. Green, Peter G. McConnell, Laura L. Hapeman, Cathleen J. TI Agricultural influences on air quality from California's San Joaquin Valley to the Chesapeake Bay area SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Howard, Cody J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Hu, Jianlin; Kleeman, Michael J.; Green, Peter G.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [McConnell, Laura L.; Hapeman, Cathleen J.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM howard.cody@epa.gov RI Hu, Jianlin/C-2023-2014 OI Hu, Jianlin/0000-0001-7709-439X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 301-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400512 ER PT J AU Jing, HY Mezgebe, B Hassan, A Sahle-Demessie, E Sorial, G Bennett-Stamper, C AF Jing, Hengye Mezgebe, Bineyam Hassan, Ashraf Sahle-Demessie, Endalkachew Sorial, George Bennett-Stamper, Christina TI Impacts of the interaction of silver nanoparticles with microbial biofilm SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Jing, Hengye; Mezgebe, Bineyam; Sorial, George] Univ Cincinnati, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Hassan, Ashraf; Sahle-Demessie, Endalkachew; Bennett-Stamper, Christina] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 211-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403675 ER PT J AU Johnston, CT Khan, B Das, K Liu, C Teppen, BJ Boyd, SA Barth, EF Chattopadhyay, S AF Johnston, Cliff T. Khan, Bushra Das, Kamol Liu, Cun Teppen, Brian J. Boyd, Stephen A. Barth, Edwin F. Chattopadhyay, Sandip TI Spectroscopic, molecular dynamics and sorption studies of PCDDs and PAHs interactions with black carbon and contrasting geosorbents SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Johnston, Cliff T.; Khan, Bushra; Das, Kamol] Purdue Univ, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Liu, Cun; Teppen, Brian J.; Boyd, Stephen A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Barth, Edwin F.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Chattopadhyay, Sandip] Tetra Tech EM Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45202 USA. EM cliffjohnston@purdue.edu RI Boyd, Stephen/G-5819-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 5-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403483 ER PT J AU Johnston, J Klemens, A Van Alstine, J AF Johnston, Jason Klemens, Angela Van Alstine, Julie TI Impact of recent changes in pesticide exposure assessment procedures on dietary, residential, and aggregate exposure estimates SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Johnston, Jason] Exponent, Ctr Chem Regulat & Food Safety, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Klemens, Angela] DuPont Crop Protect, Stine Haskell Res Ctr, Newark, DE 19711 USA. [Van Alstine, Julie] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM jjohnston@exponent.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 323-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400532 ER PT J AU Kroetsch, DJ Gangaraju, R Shamim, M Ballard, M AF Kroetsch, David J. Gangaraju, Raju Shamim, Mah Ballard, Mike TI OECD guidance for acceptance of foreign pesticide field dissipation studies/ecoregion concept: Ecoregion Crosswalk model and demonstration SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Kroetsch, David J.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. [Gangaraju, Raju] Hlth Canada, Pest Management Regulatory Agcy, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada. [Shamim, Mah] US EPA, Environm Fate & Effects Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Ballard, Mike] Algonquin Coll, GIS Informat & Communicat Technol, Ottawa, ON, Canada. EM david.kroetsch@agr.gc.ca NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 275-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400487 ER PT J AU Maddaloni, M AF Maddaloni, Mark TI State of the science: New recommendations on elevated Pb blood level and implications to lead soil remediation SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Maddaloni, Mark] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM maddaloni.mark@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 17-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403495 ER PT J AU Madden, BA AF Madden, Barbara A. TI US tolerance setting and alignment with Codex MRLs and other national authorities SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Madden, Barbara A.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Registrat Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM madden.barbara@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 253-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400468 ER PT J AU Manibusan, M AF Manibusan, Mary TI Evolution of the Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP) in the 21st century SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Manibusan, Mary] US EPA, Off Sci Coordinat & Policy, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM manibusan.mary@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 82-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400357 ER PT J AU Martin, TM Grulke, CM Young, DM Russom, CL Wang, NN Jackson, CR Barron, MG AF Martin, Todd M. Grulke, Christopher M. Young, Douglas M. Russom, Christine L. Wang, Nina Jackson, Crystal R. Barron, Mace G. TI Prediction of aquatic toxicity mode of action using linear discriminant and random forest models SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Martin, Todd M.; Grulke, Christopher M.; Young, Douglas M.; Russom, Christine L.; Wang, Nina; Jackson, Crystal R.; Barron, Mace G.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM martin.todd@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 126-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403597 ER PT J AU McLain, JL May, B Dellarco, VL Rowland, J AF McLain, Jennifer L. May, Brenda Dellarco, Vicki L. Rowland, Jess TI US EPA Office of Pesticide Program guidance for considering and using open literature toxicity studies to support human health risk assessment SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [McLain, Jennifer L.; May, Brenda; Dellarco, Vicki L.; Rowland, Jess] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM mclain.jennifer@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 116-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400370 ER PT J AU McLain, JL Dellarco, VL AF McLain, Jennifer L. Dellarco, Vicki L. TI US EPA Office of Pesticide Program's 21st century vision and strategy for communication SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [McLain, Jennifer L.; Dellarco, Vicki L.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM mclain.jennifer@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 79-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400354 ER PT J AU Mezgebe, B Sorial, G Hassan, AA Sahle-Demessie, E AF Mezgebe, Bineyam Sorial, George Hassan, Ashraf Aly Sahle-Demessie, Endalkachew TI Effects of surfactant on the removal of disinfection byproducts in an anaerobic biotrickling filter (BTF) SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Mezgebe, Bineyam; Sorial, George] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Hassan, Ashraf Aly; Sahle-Demessie, Endalkachew] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NRMRL, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM bhadgu@gmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 72-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403547 ER PT J AU Pinto, PX Al-Abed, SR Holder, CD AF Pinto, Patricio X. Al-Abed, Souhail R. Holder, Christopher D. TI Anaerobic treatment of mine impacted water by sulfate-reducing bacteria using a chitin product substrate SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Pinto, Patricio X.; Holder, Christopher D.] Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA. [Al-Abed, Souhail R.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM pinto.patricio@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 42-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403519 ER PT J AU Rossi, L AF Rossi, Lois TI Pilot project leading the way toward harmonized MRLs around the world SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Rossi, Lois] US Environm Protect Agcy, Off Pesticide Programs, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. EM rossi.lois@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 250-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400466 ER PT J AU Ruhman, M Gangaraju, R Shamim, MT AF Ruhman, Mohammed Gangaraju, Raju Shamim, Mah T. TI Use of the Europe-North American soil geographic information for pesticide studies tool (ENASGIPS version 2.0 tool) SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Ruhman, Mohammed; Shamim, Mah T.] US EPA, Environm Fate & Effects Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Gangaraju, Raju] Pest Management Regulatory Agcy, Environm Assessment Directorate, Ottawa, ON, Canada. EM ruhman.mohammed@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 280-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400492 ER PT J AU Sahle-Demessie, E Leazer, J AF Sahle-Demessie, Endalkachew Leazer, John TI Sustainable electronic forum: Developing a technology roadmap SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Sahle-Demessie, Endalkachew; Leazer, John] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM sahle-demessie.endalkachew@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 160-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403629 ER PT J AU Sahle-Demessie, E AF Sahle-Demessie, Endalkachew TI Sustainable and low cost approach for cleaning metal contaminated waters using pyrolized banana peel SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Sahle-Demessie, Endalkachew] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM sahle-demessie.endalkachew@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 116-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403587 ER PT J AU Sanan, TT Magnuson, ML Mash, H AF Sanan, Toby T. Magnuson, Matthew L. Mash, Heath TI Effects of solvation methodology on hydrolysis and oxidation pathways of organophosphorus compounds: Implications for QSPR model development SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Sanan, Toby T.; Mash, Heath] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Magnuson, Matthew L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM tsanan2@gmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 96-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403569 ER PT J AU Schadt, CW Sullivan-Guest, TS Scheckel, KG Jardine, PM Basta, NT AF Schadt, Christopher W. Sullivan-Guest, Tarah S. Scheckel, Kirk G. Jardine, Phillip M. Basta, Nicholas T. TI Understanding microbial communities, lead availability, and their potential Interactions at an abandoned firing range in Oak Ridge, TN SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Schadt, Christopher W.; Sullivan-Guest, Tarah S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. [Jardine, Phillip M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biosyst Engn & Soil Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Basta, Nicholas T.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM schadtcw@ornl.gov RI Schadt, Christopher/B-7143-2008 OI Schadt, Christopher/0000-0001-8759-2448 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 18-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403496 ER PT J AU Scheckel, KG Miller, BW Li, LP AF Scheckel, Kirk G. Miller, Bradley W. Li, Liping TI Challenges of Pb immobilization and risk assessment SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. [Miller, Bradley W.] US EPA, Natl Enforcement Invest Ctr, Denver, CO 25227 USA. [Li, Liping] Henan Univ Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, Peoples R China. EM Scheckel.Kirk@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 22-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403500 ER PT J AU Shafer, TJ AF Shafer, Timothy J. TI Adverse outcome pathways for neurotoxicity: An example using pyrethroid insecticides SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Shafer, Timothy J.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM shafer.tim@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 81-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400356 ER PT J AU Shamim, MT Melendez, J Sappington, K Ruhman, M AF Shamim, Mah T. Melendez, Jose Sappington, Keith Ruhman, Mohammed TI Conducting ecological risk assessments for urban uses of pesticides SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Shamim, Mah T.; Melendez, Jose; Sappington, Keith; Ruhman, Mohammed] US EPA, Environm Fate & Effects Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM shamim.mah@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 292-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400503 ER PT J AU Shamim, MT Gangaraju, R Egsmose, M AF Shamim, Mah T. Gangaraju, Raju Egsmose, Mark TI OECD project on international harmonization of terrestrial field dissipation guidance and ecoregion crosswalk SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Shamim, Mah T.] US EPA, Environm Fate & Effects Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Gangaraju, Raju] Pest Management Regulatory Agcy, Environm Assessment Directorate, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Egsmose, Mark] European Food Safety Author, Pesticides Unit, Parma, Italy. EM shamim.mah@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 241-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400457 ER PT J AU Stevens, CT Weber, EJ AF Stevens, Caroline T. Weber, Eric J. TI Application of cheminformatics tools for encoding the process science necessary for prediction of abiotic transformation pathways for organic chemicals in aquatic ecosystems SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Stevens, Caroline T.; Weber, Eric J.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM weber.eric@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 122-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618403593 ER PT J AU Van Alstine, JL Miller, DJ AF Van Alstine, Julie L. Miller, David J. TI Food commodity consumption data and new tools used by US EPA Office of Pesticide Programs SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Van Alstine, Julie L.; Miller, David J.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Div Hlth Effects, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM vanalstine.julie@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 308-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400518 ER PT J AU Van Emon, JM AF Van Emon, Jeanette M. TI Immunochemistry in motion: Applications to agrochemicals SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Van Emon, Jeanette M.] US EPA, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. EM VanEmon.Jeanette@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 154-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400396 ER PT J AU Wambaugh, J AF Wambaugh, John TI New technologies for exposure assessment SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Wambaugh, John] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM wambaugh.john@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 246 MA 80-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 288NJ UT WOS:000329618400355 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Starling, AP Haug, LS Eggesbo, M Becher, G Thomsen, C Travlos, G King, D Hoppin, JA Rogan, WJ Longnecker, MP AF Wang, Yan Starling, Anne P. Haug, Line S. Eggesbo, Merete Becher, Georg Thomsen, Cathrine Travlos, Gregory King, Debra Hoppin, Jane A. Rogan, Walter J. Longnecker, Matthew P. TI Association between Perfluoroalkyl substances and thyroid stimulating hormone among pregnant women: a cross-sectional study SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Perfluorinated alkyl substances; Thyroid stimulating hormone; Pregnant women; The Norwegian Mother and child cohort study; MoBa ID PERFLUORINATED COMPOUNDS; PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE; NORWEGIAN MOTHER; CHILD COHORT; EXPOSURE; FETAL; THYROXINE; GESTATION; HEALTH; RAT AB Background: Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a group of highly persistent chemicals that are widespread contaminants in wildlife and humans. Exposure to PFAS affects thyroid homeostasis in experimental animals and possibly in humans. The objective of this study was to examine the association between plasma concentrations of PFASs and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) among pregnant women. Methods: A total of 903 pregnant women who enrolled in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study from 2003 to 2004 were studied. Concentrations of thirteen PFASs and TSH were measured in plasma samples collected around the 18th week of gestation. Linear regression models were used to evaluate associations between PFASs and TSH. Results: Among the thirteen PFASs, seven were detected in more than 60% of samples and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) had the highest concentrations (median, 12.8 ng/mL; inter-quartile range [IQR], 10.1 - 16.5 ng/mL). The median TSH concentration was 3.5 (IQR, 2.4 - 4.8) mu IU/mL. Pregnant women with higher PFOS had higher TSH levels. After adjustment, with each 1 ng/mL increase in PFOS concentration, there was a 0.8% (95% confidence interval: 0.1%, 1.6%) rise in TSH. The odds ratio of having an abnormally high TSH, however, was not increased, and other PFASs were unrelated to TSH. Conclusions: Our results suggest an association between PFOS and TSH in pregnant women that is small and may be of no clinical significance. C1 [Wang, Yan; Starling, Anne P.; Travlos, Gregory; King, Debra; Hoppin, Jane A.; Rogan, Walter J.; Longnecker, Matthew P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Durham, NC USA. [Starling, Anne P.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Haug, Line S.; Becher, Georg; Thomsen, Cathrine] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Med, Oslo, Norway. [Eggesbo, Merete] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Genes & Environm, Div Epidemiol, Oslo, Norway. [Becher, Georg] Univ Oslo, Dept Chem, Oslo, Norway. RP Wang, Y (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Durham, NC USA. EM wangy13@niehs.nih.gov RI Rogan, Walter/I-6034-2012; OI Rogan, Walter/0000-0002-9302-0160; Longnecker, Matthew/0000-0001-6073-5322; Eggesbo, Merete/0000-0002-0006-5336 FU Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH); National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [1-F30-ES022126-01]; Norwegian Ministry of Health; Ministry of Education and Research, NIH/NIEHS [N01-ES-85433]; NIH/NINDS [1 UO1 NS 047537-01]; Norwegian Research Council/FUGE [151918/S10] FX This study was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH). Ms. Starling was supported by an extramural award (1-F30-ES022126-01) from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study was supported by the Norwegian Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Education and Research, NIH/NIEHS (Contract No. N01-ES-85433), NIH/NINDS (Grant No. 1 UO1 NS 047537-01), and the Norwegian Research Council/FUGE (Grant No. 151918/S10). We are grateful to all the participating families in Norway who take part in this ongoing cohort study. NR 48 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 20 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-069X J9 ENVIRON HEALTH-GLOB JI Environ. Health PD SEP 8 PY 2013 VL 12 AR 76 DI 10.1186/1476-069X-12-76 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 219PQ UT WOS:000324520500001 PM 24010716 ER PT J AU Hilborn, ED Wade, TJ Hicks, L Garrison, L Carpenter, J Adam, E Mull, B Yoder, J Roberts, V Gargano, JW AF Hilborn, Elizabeth D. Wade, Timothy J. Hicks, Lauri Garrison, Laurel Carpenter, Joe Adam, Elizabeth Mull, Bonnie Yoder, Jonathan Roberts, Virginia Gargano, Julia W. TI Surveillance for Waterborne Disease Outbreaks Associated with Drinking Water and Other Nonrecreational Water - United States, 2009-2010 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID QUALITY C1 [Hilborn, Elizabeth D.; Wade, Timothy J.] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. [Hicks, Lauri; Garrison, Laurel] CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Carpenter, Joe] CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Adam, Elizabeth; Mull, Bonnie; Yoder, Jonathan; Roberts, Virginia; Gargano, Julia W.] CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gargano, JW (reprint author), CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jgargano@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 21 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD SEP 6 PY 2013 VL 62 IS 35 BP 714 EP 720 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 239WQ UT WOS:000326057100003 ER PT J AU Conrath, SM Pawel, DJ AF Conrath, Susan M. Pawel, David J. TI LUNG CANCER EFFORTS NEED STRONGER EMPHASIS ON REDUCING RADON EXPOSURE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Letter C1 [Conrath, Susan M.] US EPA, Indoor Environm Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Pawel, David J.] US EPA, Radiat Protect Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Pawel, DJ (reprint author), US EPA, Radiat Protect Div, 1200 Penn Ave NW,MC 6608J, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM pawel.david@epa.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD SEP PY 2013 VL 103 IS 9 BP E4 EP E4 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301436 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA3NB UT WOS:000330998200005 PM 23865705 ER PT J AU Attene-Ramos, MS Huang, RL Sakamuru, S Witt, KL Beeson, GC Shou, L Schnellmann, RG Beeson, CC Tice, RR Austin, CP Xia, MH AF Attene-Ramos, Matias S. Huang, Ruili Sakamuru, Srilatha Witt, Kristine L. Beeson, Gyda C. Shou, Louie Schnellmann, Rick G. Beeson, Craig C. Tice, Raymond R. Austin, Christopher P. Xia, Menghang TI Systematic Study of Mitochondria! Toxicity of Environmental Chemicals Using Quantitative High Throughput Screening SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTIBACTERIAL AGENT FENTICHLOR; RAT LIVER MITOCHONDRIA; OXIDATIVE-PHOSPHORYLATION; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; HEPG2 CELLS; IN-VIVO; MEMBRANE; RESPIRATION; BIOGENESIS; APOPTOSIS AB A goal of the Tox21 program is to transit toxicity testing from traditional in vivo models to in vitro assays that assess how chemicals affect cellular responses and toxicity pathways. A critical contribution of the NIH Chemical Genomics center (NCGC) to the Tox21 program is the implementation of a quantitative high throughput screening (qHTS) approach, using cell-and biochemical-based assays to generate toxicological profiles for thousands of environmental compounds. Here, we evaluated the effect of chemical compounds on mitochondrial membrane potential in HepG2 cells by screening a library of 1,408 compounds provided by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) in a qHTS platform. Compounds were screened over 14 concentrations, and results showed that 91 and 88 compounds disrupted mitochondrial membrane potential after treatment for 1 or 5 h, respectively. Seventy-six compounds active at both time points were clustered by structural similarity, producing 11 clusters and 23 singletons. Thirty-eight compounds covering most of the active chemical space were more extensively evaluated. Thirty-six of the 38 compounds were confirmed to disrupt mitochondrial membrane potential using a fluorescence plate reader, and 35 were confirmed using a high content imaging approach. Among the 38 compounds, 4 and 6 induced LDH release, a measure of cytotoxicity, at 1 or S h, respectively. Compounds were further assessed for mechanism of action (MOA) by measuring changes in oxygen consumption rate, which enabled the identification of 20 compounds as uncouplers. This comprehensive approach allows for the evaluation of thousands of environmental chemicals for mitochondrial toxicity and identification of possible MOAs. C1 [Attene-Ramos, Matias S.; Huang, Ruili; Sakamuru, Srilatha; Shou, Louie; Austin, Christopher P.; Xia, Menghang] NIH, Natl Ctr Adv Translat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Witt, Kristine L.; Tice, Raymond R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Beeson, Gyda C.; Schnellmann, Rick G.; Beeson, Craig C.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Drug Discovery & Biomed Sci, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Beeson, Craig C.] MitoHealth, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. RP Xia, MH (reprint author), NIH, Natl Ctr Adv Translat Sci, Chem Genom Ctr, 9800 Med Ctr Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM mxia@mail.nih.gov FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Toxicology Program [IAG Y3-ES-7020-01]; NIEHS [2R44ES019378-02] FX This work was supported through an interagency agreement (IAG #Y3-ES-7020-01) from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Toxicology Program to the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health and the NIEHS 2R44ES019378-02 grant (CB). NR 54 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X EI 1520-5010 J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 26 IS 9 BP 1323 EP 1332 DI 10.1021/tx4001754 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA 295DA UT WOS:000330095600004 PM 23895456 ER PT J AU Martin, TM Grulke, CM Young, DM Russom, CL Wang, NNY Jackson, CR Barron, MG AF Martin, Todd M. Grulke, Christopher M. Young, Douglas M. Russom, Christine L. Wang, Nina Y. Jackson, Crystal R. Barron, Mace G. TI Prediction of Aquatic Toxicity Mode of Action Using Linear Discriminant and Random Forest Models SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING LA English DT Article ID SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES; TETRAHYMENA-PYRIFORMIS; PHENOLS; CLASSIFICATION; MECHANISMS; CHEMICALS; NARCOSIS; QSARS; SET AB The ability to determine the mode of action (MOA) for a diverse group of chemicals is a critical part of ecological risk assessment and chemical regulation. However, existing MOA assignment approaches in ecotoxicology have been limited to a relatively few MOAs, have high uncertainty, or rely on professional judgment. In this study, machine based learning algorithms (linear discriminant analysis and random forest) were used to develop models for assigning aquatic toxicity MOA. These methods were selected since they have been shown to be able to correlate diverse data sets and provide an indication of the most important descriptors. A data set of MOA assignments for 924 chemicals was developed using a combination of high confidence assignments, international consensus classifications, ASTER (ASessment Tools for the Evaluation of Risk) predictions, and weight of evidence professional judgment based an assessment of structure and literature information. The overall data set was randomly divided into a training set (75%) and a validation set (25%) and then used to develop linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and random forest (RF) MOA assignment models. The LDA and RF models had high internal concordance and specificity and were able to produce overall prediction accuracies ranging from 84.5 to 87.7% for the validation set. These results demonstrate that computational chemistry approaches can be used to determine the acute toxicity MOAs across a large range of structures and mechanisms. C1 [Martin, Todd M.; Young, Douglas M.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Grulke, Christopher M.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Russom, Christine L.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Wang, Nina Y.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Jackson, Crystal R.; Barron, Mace G.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Martin, TM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM martin.todd@epa.gov NR 56 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1549-9596 EI 1549-960X J9 J CHEM INF MODEL JI J. Chem Inf. Model. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 53 IS 9 BP 2229 EP 2239 DI 10.1021/ci400267h PG 11 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Computer Science GA 295DQ UT WOS:000330097200004 PM 23962299 ER PT J AU Harper, S Ruder, E Roman, HA Geggel, A Nweke, O Payne-Sturges, D Levy, JI AF Harper, Sam Ruder, Eric Roman, Henry A. Geggel, Amelia Nweke, Onyemaechi Payne-Sturges, Devon Levy, Jonathan I. TI Using Inequality Measures to Incorporate Environmental Justice into Regulatory Analyses SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Review DE regulatory analysis; health inequalities; environmental justice ID HEALTH INEQUALITY; INCOME INEQUALITY; SOCIOECONOMIC INEQUALITIES; CONCENTRATION INDEX; CONTROL STRATEGIES; AIR-POLLUTION; EQUITY; EFFICIENCY; ACHIEVEMENT; VARIANCE AB Formally evaluating how specific policy measures influence environmental justice is challenging, especially in the context of regulatory analyses in which quantitative comparisons are the norm. However, there is a large literature on developing and applying quantitative measures of health inequality in other settings, and these measures may be applicable to environmental regulatory analyses. In this paper, we provide information to assist policy decision makers in determining the viability of using measures of health inequality in the context of environmental regulatory analyses. We conclude that quantification of the distribution of inequalities in health outcomes across social groups of concern, considering both within-group and between-group comparisons, would be consistent with both the structure of regulatory analysis and the core definition of environmental justice. Appropriate application of inequality indicators requires thorough characterization of the baseline distribution of exposures and risks, leveraging data generally available within regulatory analyses. Multiple inequality indicators may be applicable to regulatory analyses, and the choice among indicators should be based on explicit value judgments regarding the dimensions of environmental justice of greatest interest. C1 [Harper, Sam] McGill Univ, Dept Epidemiol Biostat & Occupat Hlth, Montreal, PQ H3A 1A2, Canada. [Ruder, Eric; Roman, Henry A.; Geggel, Amelia] Ind Econ Inc, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA. [Nweke, Onyemaechi] US EPA, Off Environm Justice, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Payne-Sturges, Devon] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Res, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Levy, Jonathan I.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Harper, S (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Epidemiol Biostat & Occupat Hlth, Montreal, PQ H3A 1A2, Canada. EM sam.harper@mcgill.ca; eruder@indecon.com; hroman@indecon.com; ageggel@indecon.com; onyemaechi.nweke@hhs.gov; payne-sturges.devon@epa.gov; jonlevy@bu.edu RI Levy, Jon/B-4542-2011; OI Levy, Jon/0000-0002-1116-4006; Harper, Sam/0000-0002-2767-1053 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [EP-W-10-002] FX Support for this work was provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under contract EP-W-10-002 to Industrial Economics, Inc. NR 59 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 22 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD SEP PY 2013 VL 10 IS 9 BP 4039 EP 4059 DI 10.3390/ijerph10094039 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 274QD UT WOS:000328620200016 PM 23999551 ER PT J AU Geyer, CJ Ridley, CE Latta, RG Etterson, JR Shaw, RG AF Geyer, Charles J. Ridley, Caroline E. Latta, Robert G. Etterson, Julie R. Shaw, Ruth G. TI LOCAL ADAPTATION AND GENETIC EFFECTS ON FITNESS: CALCULATIONS FOR EXPONENTIAL FAMILY MODELS WITH RANDOM EFFECTS SO ANNALS OF APPLIED STATISTICS LA English DT Article DE Additive genetic variance; approximate maximum likelihood; breeding value; Darwinian fitness; exponential family; latent variable; life history analysis; local adaptation; missing data; variance components; Avena barbata; Chamaecrista fasciculata; Raphanus sativus ID CARLO MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; LIFE-HISTORY; CHAMAECRISTA-FASCICULATA; ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; GREAT-PLAINS; INFERENCE; EVOLUTION AB Random effects are implemented for aster models using two approximations taken from Breslow and Clayton [J. Amer. Statist. Assoc. 88 (1993) 9-25]. Random effects are analytically integrated out of the Laplace approximation to the complete data log likelihood, giving a closed-form expression for an approximate missing data log likelihood. Third and higher derivatives of the complete data log likelihood with respect to the random effects are ignored, giving a closed-form expression for second derivatives of the approximate missing data log likelihood, hence approximate observed Fisher information. This method is applicable to any exponential family random effects model. It is implemented in the CRAN package aster (R Core Team [R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing (2012) R Foundation for Statistical Computing], Geyer [R package aster (2012) http://cran.r-project.org/package=aster]). Applications are analyses of local adaptation in the invasive California wild radish (Raphanus sativus) and the slender wild oat (Avena barbata) and of additive genetic variance for fitness in the partridge pea (Chamaecrista fasciculata). C1 [Geyer, Charles J.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Stat, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Ridley, Caroline E.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Latta, Robert G.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biol, Life Sci Ctr, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [Etterson, Julie R.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Biol, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. [Shaw, Ruth G.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Geyer, CJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Stat, 313 Ford Hall,224 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM geyer@umn.edu; ridley.caroline@epa.gov; robert.latta@dal.ca; jetterso@d.umn.edu; shawx016@umn.edu NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 20 PU INST MATHEMATICAL STATISTICS PI CLEVELAND PA 3163 SOMERSET DR, CLEVELAND, OH 44122 USA SN 1932-6157 J9 ANN APPL STAT JI Ann. Appl. Stat. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 7 IS 3 BP 1778 EP 1795 DI 10.1214/13-AOAS653 PG 18 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 268VM UT WOS:000328198700022 ER PT J AU Cascio, WE Davis, A Stone, SL AF Cascio, Wayne E. Davis, Alison Stone, Susan Lyon TI The Green Heart Initiative Using Air Quality Information to Reduce Adverse Health Effects in Patients With Heart and Vascular Disease SO JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR NURSING LA English DT Editorial Material ID ASSOCIATION; OZONE; EXPOSURE; ASTHMA; UPDATE C1 [Cascio, Wayne E.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Cascio, Wayne E.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med Chapel Hill, Div Cardiol, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Davis, Alison; Stone, Susan Lyon] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Off Air & Radiat, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Cascio, WE (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 104 Mason Farm Rd,MD-58A, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. EM cascio.wayne@epa.gov NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0889-4655 EI 1550-5049 J9 J CARDIOVASC NURS JI J. Cardiovasc. Nurs. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 28 IS 5 BP 401 EP 404 DI 10.1097/JCN.0b013e318295d1ae PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Nursing SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Nursing GA 246ZJ UT WOS:000326580700002 PM 23938326 ER PT J AU Johnstone, AFM Gilbert, ME Aydin, C Grace, CE Hasegawa, M Gordon, CJ AF Johnstone, Andrew F. M. Gilbert, Mary E. Aydin, Cenk Grace, Curtis E. Hasegawa, Masashi Gordon, Christopher J. TI Thermoregulatory deficits in adult Long Evans rat exposed perinatally to the antithyroidal drug, propylthiouracil SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Propylthiouracil (PTU); Hypothyroidism; Thermoregulation; Telemetry; Homeostasis; Developmental exposure ID THYROID-HORMONE INSUFFICIENCY; BODY-TEMPERATURE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; STRESS; RADIOTELEMETRY; RHYTHMS; IMPACT AB Developmental exposure to endocrine disrupting drugs and environmental toxicants has been shown to alter a variety of physiological processes in mature offspring. Body (core) temperature (T-c) is a tightly regulated homeostatic system but is susceptible to disruptors of the hypothalamic pituitary thyroid (HPT) axis. We hypothesized that thermoregulation would be disrupted in adult offspring exposed perinatally to an HPT disruptor. Propylythiouracil (PTU) was used as a prototypical compound because of its well known antithyroidal properties. FLU was added to the drinking water of pregnant rats in concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 10 ppm from gestational day (GD) 6 through postnatal day (PND) 21. Adult male offspring were implanted with radiotransmitters to monitor T-c and motor activity (MA) and were observed undisturbed at an ambient temperature of 22 degrees C for 12 consecutive days. Data were averaged into a single 24 hour period to minimize impact of ultradian changes in T-c and MA. All treatment groups showed a distinct circadian temperature rhythm. Rats exposed to 10 ppm FLU exhibited a marked deviation in their regulated T-c with a reduction of approximately 0.4 degrees C below that of controls throughout the daytime period and a smaller reduction at night. Rats exposed to 1 or 2 ppm also had smaller but significant reductions in T-c. MA was unaffected by PTU. Overall, developmental exposure to moderate doses of an antithyroidal drug led to an apparent permanent reduction in T-c of adult offspring that was independent of changes in MA Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Johnstone, Andrew F. M.; Gilbert, Mary E.; Aydin, Cenk; Grace, Curtis E.; Hasegawa, Masashi; Gordon, Christopher J.] US EPA, Toxicol Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Johnstone, AFM (reprint author), US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div TAD, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD B105-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM johnstone.andrew@epa.gov FU Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [BIDEB-2219]; Excellent Young Researcher Overseas Visit Program for Research, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science FX We thank Drs. Justin Brown and Jerome Goldman for their review of the manuscript Also, thanks to Mrs. Joan Hedge for her expertise in T3, T4 and TSH RI assays. This work has been partially supported by research grants given to Aydin by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK, BIDEB-2219) and to Hasegawa by the Excellent Young Researcher Overseas Visit Program for Research, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0892-0362 EI 1872-9738 J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 39 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.ntt.2013.05.005 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA 246SE UT WOS:000326558600001 PM 23732561 ER PT J AU Rastogi, VK Smith, LS Wallace, L Tomasino, SF AF Rastogi, Vipin K. Smith, Lisa S. Wallace, Lalena Tomasino, Stephen F. TI Modified AOAC Three Step Method (Official Method 2008.05): Consolidation of Fractions B and C SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE 3-STEP METHOD; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; LIQUID SPORICIDES; NONPOROUS SURFACE; EFFICACY; SPORES; HARD AB The AOAC Quantitative Three Step Method (TSM; AOAC Official Method(sm) 2008.05) is validated for testing the efficacy of liquid sporicides against spores of Bacillus sub tills and Bacillus anthracis on selected hard, nonporous, and porous surfaces. The TSM uses 5x5x1 mm inoculated coupons (carriers), which are placed in 400 mu L. liquid sporicidal agent contained in a microcentrifuge tube. Following exposure of inoculated carriers to the test chemical and subsequent neutralization, viable spores are recovered in three fractions: A (gentle tapping), B (sonication), and C (gentle agitation). The spores in suspension are serially diluted and plated on a recovery medium for enumeration. The plate counts are summed over the three fractions to provide the number of viable spores per carrier, which is log(10)-transformed to generate a mean log density (LD) value across carriers. As a measure of product efficacy, a log reduction (LR) value is calculated by subtracting the mean LD for treated carriers from the mean LD for control carriers. This paper reports on the comparative evaluation of the current and modified versions of the TSM in order to support a modification to simplify the procedure. The proposed modified TSM (mTSM) consolidates fractions B and C in the same tube. Thus, the sonication (fraction B) and gentle agitation (fraction C) steps are carried out in the same tube, thereby reducing the number of tubes and associated resources and time necessary to complete the test. Glass, steel, pine wood, and ceramic tile carriers were included in the comparative study. Inoculated carriers were evaluated against two preparations of sodium hypochlorite to generate two presumed levels of efficacy (intermediate and high); the control LD and LR values associated with testing each carrier type for the TSM and the mTSM were compared. For control carriers, the mean log densities per carrier (for each carrier material) were not significantly different based on the TSM compared to the mTSM. Furthermore, the treated carrier data showed comparable LR values for the TSM and mTSM. The data provided in this report demonstrate equivalency between the TSM and mTSM and support the proposed procedural modification to consolidate fractions B and C. C1 [Rastogi, Vipin K.; Smith, Lisa S.] US Army, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, BioDef Team, R&T Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Wallace, Lalena] Def Threat Reduct Agcy, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Tomasino, Stephen F.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Microbiol Lab Branch, Ctr Environm Sci, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. RP Tomasino, SF (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Microbiol Lab Branch, Ctr Environm Sci, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. EM Tomasino.Stephen@epamail.epa.gov FU U.S. EPA Office of Pesticide Programs FX Funding for this project was provided by the U.S. EPA Office of Pesticide Programs through an Interagency Agreement with the U.S. Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen, MD. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INT PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 N FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 EI 1944-7922 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 96 IS 5 BP 947 EP 950 DI 10.5740/jaoacint:13-031 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 241WE UT WOS:000326198600004 PM 24282930 ER PT J AU Schmidt, SP Jokinen, MP Law, JM Pandiri, AR Weddle, DL Wolf, JC Sills, RC AF Schmidt, S. P. Jokinen, M. P. Law, J. M. Pandiri, A. R. Weddle, D. L. Wolf, J. C. Sills, R. C. TI Environmental Pathobiology and Global Opportunities SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Schmidt, S. P.] Pfizer Inc, DSRD, Groton, CT 06340 USA. [Jokinen, M. P.] Integrated Lab Sci Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Law, J. M.] N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth & Pathobiol, Raleigh, NC USA. [Pandiri, A. R.] Expt Pathol Labs Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Weddle, D. L.] Xenometr LLC, Stilwell, KS USA. [Wolf, J. C.] Expt Pathol Labs Inc, Sterling, VA USA. [Sills, R. C.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Schmidt, SP (reprint author), Pfizer Inc, DSRD, Groton, CT 06340 USA. EM stephen.p.schmidt@pfizer.com NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0300-9858 EI 1544-2217 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 50 IS 5 BP 733 EP 734 DI 10.1177/0300985813485098 PG 2 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA 245PI UT WOS:000326475500001 PM 24014610 ER PT J AU Marshall, S Gennings, C Teuschler, LK Stork, LG Tornero-Velez, R Crofton, KM Rice, GE AF Marshall, Scott Gennings, Chris Teuschler, Linda K. Stork, LeAnna G. Tornero-Velez, Rogelio Crofton, Kevin M. Rice, Glenn E. TI An Empirical Approach to Sufficient Similarity: Combining Exposure Data and Mixtures Toxicology Data SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE whole mixtures; hazard index; pyrethroids; Cumulative risk assessment; sufficient similarity ID BY-PRODUCT MIXTURES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; CHEMICAL-MIXTURES; EVERYDAY ENVIRONMENTS; HEALTH AB When assessing risks posed by environmental chemical mixtures, whole mixture approaches are preferred to component approaches. When toxicological data on whole mixtures as they occur in the environment are not available, Environmental Protection Agency guidance states that toxicity data from a mixture considered "sufficiently similar" to the environmental mixture can serve as a surrogate. We propose a novel method to examine whether mixtures are sufficiently similar, when exposure data and mixture toxicity study data from at least one representative mixture are available. We define sufficient similarity using equivalence testing methodology comparing the distance between benchmark dose estimates for mixtures in both data-rich and data-poor cases. We construct a "similar mixtures risk indicator"(SMRI) (analogous to the hazard index) on sufficiently similar mixtures linking exposure data with mixtures toxicology data. The methods are illustrated using pyrethroid mixtures occurrence data collected in child care centers (CCC) and dose-response data examining acute neurobehavioral effects of pyrethroid mixtures in rats. Our method shows that the mixtures from 90% of the CCCs were sufficiently similar to the dose-response study mixture. Using exposure estimates for a hypothetical child, the 95th percentile of the (weighted) SMRI for these sufficiently similar mixtures was 0.20 (i.e., where SMRI < 1, less concern; > 1, more concern). C1 [Marshall, Scott] Biostat Solut Inc, Mt Airy, MD USA. [Gennings, Chris] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biostat, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. [Teuschler, Linda K.; Rice, Glenn E.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Stork, LeAnna G.] Monsanto Co, St Louis, MO USA. [Tornero-Velez, Rogelio] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Crofton, Kevin M.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Labs, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Gennings, C (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biostat, 830 East Main St,7th Floor, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. EM gennings@vcu.edu RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015 OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971 FU [R01ES015276]; [URL1RR031990]; [T32 ES007334]; [UL1TR000058] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from #R01ES015276, #URL1RR031990, #T32 ES007334, and #UL1TR000058. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 EI 1539-6924 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 33 IS 9 BP 1582 EP 1595 DI 10.1111/risa.12015 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 217VV UT WOS:000324391400003 PM 23398277 ER PT J AU Guha, N Roy, A Kopylev, L Fox, J Spassova, M White, P AF Guha, Nilabja Roy, Anindya Kopylev, Leonid Fox, John Spassova, Maria White, Paul TI Nonparametric Bayesian Methods for Benchmark Dose Estimation SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE BMDL; dirichlet distribution; BMDS software; integrated Brownian motion ID RESPONSE RISK-ESTIMATION; QUANTAL BIOASSAY; MODEL; REGRESSION; LEVEL AB The article proposes and investigates the performance of two Bayesian nonparametric estimation procedures in the context of benchmark dose estimation in toxicological animal experiments. The methodology is illustrated using several existing animal dose-response data sets and is compared with traditional parametric methods available in standard benchmark dose estimation software (BMDS), as well as with a published model-averaging approach and a frequentist nonparametric approach. These comparisons together with simulation studies suggest that the nonparametric methods provide a lot of flexibility in terms of model fit and can be a very useful tool in benchmark dose estimation studies, especially when standard parametric models fail to fit to the data adequately. C1 [Guha, Nilabja; Roy, Anindya] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Math & Stat, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Kopylev, Leonid; Fox, John; Spassova, Maria; White, Paul] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Roy, A (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Math & Stat, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. EM anindya@umbc.edu FU ORISE; NCEA/ORD/EPA FX The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Research of A.R. was supported under a faculty research participation program between the ORISE and NCEA/ORD/EPA. The authors would like to thank the reviewers for their constructive suggestions and criticism. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 EI 1539-6924 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 33 IS 9 BP 1608 EP 1619 DI 10.1111/risa.12004 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 217VV UT WOS:000324391400005 PM 23339666 ER PT J AU Nowack, B David, RM Fissan, H Morris, H Shatkin, JA Stintz, M Zepp, R Brouwer, D AF Nowack, Bernd David, Raymond M. Fissan, Heinz Morris, Howard Shatkin, Jo Anne Stintz, Michael Zepp, Richard Brouwer, Derk TI Potential release scenarios for carbon nanotubes used in composites SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Review DE Carbon nanotubes; Exposure; Release; Scenarios ID EPOXY-BASED NANOCOMPOSITE; NANOPARTICLE RELEASE; ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS; WASTE INCINERATION; AIRBORNE PARTICLES; EXPOSURE; TEXTILES; FUNCTIONALIZATION; ENVIRONMENT; LIMITATIONS AB The expected widespread use of carbon nanotube (CNT)-composites in consumer products calls for an assessment of the possible release and exposure to workers, consumers and the environment. Release of CNTs may occur at all steps in the life cycle of products, but to date only limited information is available about release of CNTs from actual products and articles. As a starting point for exposure assessment, exploring sources and pathways of release helps to identify relevant applications and situations where the environment and especially humans may encounter releases of CNTs. It is the aim of this review to identify various potential release scenarios for CNTs used in polymers and identify the greatest likelihood of release at the various stages throughout the life-cycle of the product. The available information on release of CNTs from products and articles is reviewed in a first part. In a second part nine relevant release scenarios are described in detail: injection molding, manufacturing, sports equipment, electronics, windmill blades, fuel system components, tires, textiles, incineration, and landfills. Release from products can potentially occur by two pathways; (a) where free CNTs are released directly, or more frequently (b) where the initial release is a particle with CNTs embedded in the matrix, potentially followed by the subsequent release of CNTs from the matrix. The potential for release during manufacturing exists for all scenarios, however, this is also the situation when exposure can be best controlled. For most of the other life cycle stages and their corresponding release scenarios, potential release of CNTs can be considered to be low, but it cannot be excluded totally. Direct release to the environment is also considered to be very low for most scenarios except for the use of CNTs in tires where significant abrasion during use and release into the environment would occur. Also the possible future use of CNTs in textiles could result in consumer exposure. A possibility for significant release also exists during recycling operations when the polymers containing CNTs are handled together with other polymers and mainly occupational users would be exposed. It can be concluded that in general, significant release of CNTs from products and articles is unlikely except in manufacturing and subsequent processing, tires, recycling, and potentially in textiles. However except for high energy machining processes, most likely the resulting exposure for these scenarios will be low and to a non-pristine form of CNTs. Actual exposure studies, which quantify the amount of material released should be conducted to provide further evidence for this conclusion. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Nowack, Bernd] Empa Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, Technol & Soc Lab, CH-9014 St Gallen, Switzerland. [David, Raymond M.] BASF Corp, Florham Pk, NJ USA. [Fissan, Heinz] Ctr Nanointegrat Duisburg Essen CENIDE, Inst Energy & Environm Technol IUTA eV, Duisburg, Germany. [Morris, Howard] Safe Work Australia, Braddon, ACT 2612, Australia. [Shatkin, Jo Anne] CLF Ventures Inc, Boston, MA USA. [Stintz, Michael] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Proc Engn & Environm Technol, Res Grp Mech Proc Engn, D-01069 Dresden, Germany. [Zepp, Richard] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Brouwer, Derk] TNO, Res Grp Qual & Safety, NL-3700 AJ Zeist, Netherlands. RP Nowack, B (reprint author), Empa Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, Technol & Soc Lab, CH-9014 St Gallen, Switzerland. EM nowack@empa.ch RI Nowack, Bernd/B-6425-2008; Brouwer, Derk/A-1594-2016 OI Nowack, Bernd/0000-0002-5676-112X; FU US Environmental Protection Agency; American Chemistry Council Nanotechnology Panel; Environment Canada; Health Canada; American Cleaning Institute; Society of Organic Chemical Manufacturers and Affiliates; Adhesives and Sealant Council; ILSI Research Foundation FX Experts were convened and concepts developed for this paper by the NanoRelease Consumer Products Steering Committee (http://www.ilsi.org/ResearchFoundation/Pages/NanoReleasel.aspx). NanoRelease is funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency, the American Chemistry Council Nanotechnology Panel, the Environment Canada, the Health Canada, the American Cleaning Institute, the Society of Organic Chemical Manufacturers and Affiliates, the Adhesives and Sealant Council, and the ILSI Research Foundation. More than 60 experts listed on the NanoRelease CP web site from government, academia, industry, and civil society organizations have also contributed time and expertise in support of the project. We thank especially the following contributors to the White Paper that were not involved in writing this review: Treye Thomas, Laurence Libelo, Megan Sandy, Matt Dahm, Jackie Isaacs, Mary Beth Miller, and Matthias Voetz. NR 55 TC 70 Z9 71 U1 16 U2 157 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0160-4120 J9 ENVIRON INT JI Environ. Int. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 59 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1016/j.envint.2013.04.003 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 224PQ UT WOS:000324901000001 PM 23708563 ER PT J AU Johansson, E Reponen, T Vesper, S Levin, L Lockey, J Ryan, P Bernstein, DI Villareal, M Hershey, GKK Schaffer, C LeMasters, G AF Johansson, Elisabet Reponen, Tuna Vesper, Stephen Levin, Linda Lockey, James Ryan, Patrick Bernstein, David I. Villareal, Manuel Hershey, Gurjit K. Khurana Schaffer, Chris LeMasters, Grace TI Microbial content of household dust associated with exhaled NO in asthmatic children SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Streptomycetes; Mold; Allergens; Asthma; Exhaled nitric oxide; Children ID RELATIVE MOLDINESS INDEX; NITRIC-OXIDE; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; HEALTHY-VOLUNTEERS; BIRTH COHORT; EXPOSURE; SENSITIZATION; INFLAMMATION; HOMES; STREPTOMYCES AB Exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) is increasingly used as a non-invasive measure of airway inflammation. Despite this, little information exists regarding the potential effects of indoor microbial components on eNO. We determined the influence of microbial contaminants in house dust and other indoor environmental characteristics on eNO levels in seven-year-olds with and without a physician-diagnosis of asthma. The study included 158 children recruited from a birth cohort study, and 32 were physician-diagnosed as asthmatic. The relationship between eNO levels and exposures to home dust streptomycetes, endotoxin, and molds was investigated. Streptomycetes and endotoxin were analyzed both as loads and concentrations in separate models. Dog, cat, and dust mite allergens also were evaluated. In the multivariate exposure models, high streptomycetes loads and concentrations were significantly associated with a decrease in eNO levels in asthmatic (p < 0.001) but not in healthy children. The presence of dog allergen, however, was associated with increased levels of eNO (p = 0.001). Dust endotoxin was not significant. The relationship between eNO and indoor exposure to common outdoor molds was u-shaped. In non-asthmatic children, none of the exposure variables was significantly associated with eNO levels. To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating a significant association between microbial components in the indoor environment and eNO levels in asthmatic children. This study demonstrates the importance of simultaneously assessing multiple home exposures of asthmatic children to better understand opposing effects. Common components of the indoor Streptomyces community may beneficially influence airway inflammation. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Johansson, Elisabet; Reponen, Tuna; Levin, Linda; Lockey, James; Ryan, Patrick; Bernstein, David I.; Schaffer, Chris; LeMasters, Grace] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Vesper, Stephen] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Lockey, James; Bernstein, David I.; Villareal, Manuel] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Internal Med, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Ryan, Patrick; Hershey, Gurjit K. Khurana] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Reponen, T (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, POB 670056,3223 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. EM Tiina.Reponen@uc.edu RI Ryan, Patrick /L-7062-2015; OI Khurana Hershey, Gurjit/0000-0001-6663-977X FU NIEHS [ES10957, ES11170]; US Department of Housing and Urban Development [OHLHH0162-07]; National Center for Research Resources; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health [8 UL1 TR000077-05] FX This study was supported by NIEHS grants ES10957 and ES11170. The home assessment was supported by the US Department of Housing and Urban Development grant # OHLHH0162-07. We thank all the CCAAPS families who allowed us into their homes for sampling and participated in clinical assessments. The project described was also supported by the National Center for Research Resources and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, through Grant 8 UL1 TR000077-05. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0160-4120 J9 ENVIRON INT JI Environ. Int. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 59 BP 141 EP 147 DI 10.1016/j.envint.2013.05.011 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 224PQ UT WOS:000324901000016 PM 23807177 ER PT J AU Lorber, M Koch, HM AF Lorber, Matthew Koch, Holger M. TI Development and application of simple pharmacokinetic models to study human exposure to di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) and diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP) SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Phthalates; DnBP; DiBP; PK modeling; Exposure modeling ID ESTERS; TOXICITY AB In a published controlled dosing experiment, a single individual consumed 5 mg each of labeled di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) and diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP) on separate occasions and tracked metabolites in his blood and urine over 48 h. Data from this study were used to structure and calibrate simple pharmacokinetic (PR) models for these two phthalates, which predict urine and blood metabolite concentrations with a given phthalate intake scenario (times and quantities). The calibrated models were applied to a second published experiment in which 5 individuals fasted over the course of a 48-h weekend (bottled water only), and their full urine voids were captured and measured for DnBP and DiBP metabolites. One goal of this model application was to confirm the validity of the calibrated models - their validity would be demonstrated if a profile of intakes could be found which adequately duplicated the metabolite concentrations measured in the urine. A second goal was to study patterns of exposure for this group. It was found that all metabolites could be duplicated very well with individual-specific "best-fit" intake scenarios, with one exception. It appears that the model predicted much lower concentrations of the metabolite, 3carboxy-mono-propylphthalate (MCPP), than were observed in all individuals. Modeled as a metabolite of DnBP, this suggests that DnBP was not the major source of MCPP in the urine. For all 5 individuals, the reconstructed dose profiles of the two phthalates were similar: about 6 small bolus doses per day and an intake of about 0.5 mu g/kg-day. The intakes did not appear to be associated with diary-reported activities (personal hygiene and medication) of the participants. The modeled frequent intakes suggested one (or both) of two possibilities: ongoing exposures such as an inhalation exposure, or no exposure but rather an ongoing release of body stores of the phthalate metabolites from past exposures. Published by Elsevier Ltd C1 [Lorber, Matthew] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Koch, Holger M.] Ruhr Univ Bochum IPA, German Social Accid Insurance Inst, Inst Prevent & Occupat Med, D-44789 Bochum, Germany. RP Lorber, M (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM lorber.matthew@epa.gov RI Koch, Holger/B-3277-2011 OI Koch, Holger/0000-0002-8328-2837 FU NCEH CDC HHS [1U38EH000464-01] NR 30 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 35 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0160-4120 EI 1873-6750 J9 ENVIRON INT JI Environ. Int. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 59 BP 469 EP 477 DI 10.1016/j.envint.2013.07.010 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 224PQ UT WOS:000324901000051 PM 23955327 ER PT J AU Ashbolt, NJ Amezquita, A Backhaus, T Borriello, P Brandt, KK Collignon, P Coors, A Finley, R Gaze, WH Heberer, T Lawrence, JR Larsson, DGJ McEwen, SA Ryan, JJ Schonfeld, J Silley, P Snape, JR Van den Eede, C Topp, E AF Ashbolt, Nicholas J. Amezquita, Alejandro Backhaus, Thomas Borriello, Peter Brandt, Kristian K. Collignon, Peter Coors, Anja Finley, Rita Gaze, William H. Heberer, Thomas Lawrence, John R. Larsson, D. G. Joakim McEwen, Scott A. Ryan, James J. Schoenfeld, Jens Silley, Peter Snape, Jason R. Van den Eede, Christel Topp, Edward TI Human Health Risk Assessment (HHRA) for Environmental Development and Transfer of Antibiotic Resistance SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Review ID WATER TREATMENT-PLANT; MULTICRITERIA DECISION-ANALYSIS; BACTERIAL COMMUNITY TOLERANCE; HOSPITAL WASTE-WATER; DRINKING-WATER; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MICROBIAL PATHOGENS; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; HORIZONTAL TRANSFER AB BACKGROUND: Only recently has the environment been clearly implicated in the risk of antibiotic resistance to clinical outcome, but to date there have been few documented approaches to formally assess these risks. OBJECTIVE: We examined possible approaches and sought to identify research needs to enable human health risk assessments (HHRA) that focus on the role of the environment in the failure of anti-biotic treatment caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens. METHODS: The authors participated in a workshop held 4-8 March 2012 in Quebec, Canada, to define the scope and objectives of an environmental assessment of antibiotic-resistance risks to human health. We focused on key elements of environmental-resistance-development "hot spots," exposure assessment (unrelated to food), and dose response to characterize risks that may improve antibiotic-resistance management options. DISCUSSION: Various novel aspects to traditional risk assessments were identified to enable an assessment of environmental antibiotic resistance. These include a) accounting for an added selective pressure on the environmental resistome that, over time, allows for development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB); b) identifying and describing rates of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in the relevant environmental " hot spot" compartments; and c) modifying traditional dose-response approaches to address doses of ARB for various health outcomes and pathways. CONCLUSIONS: We propose that environmental aspects of antibiotic-resistance development be included in the processes of any HHRA addressing ARB. Because of limited available data, a multi-criteria decision analysis approach would be a useful way to undertake an HHRA of environmental antibiotic resistance that informs risk managers. C1 [Ashbolt, Nicholas J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Amezquita, Alejandro] Unilever Safety & Environm Assurance Ctr, Sharnbrook, Beds, England. [Backhaus, Thomas] Gothenburg Univ, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden. [Borriello, Peter] Vet Med Directorate, Addlestone, Surrey, England. [Brandt, Kristian K.] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Frederiksberg, Denmark. [Collignon, Peter] Australian Natl Univ, Canberra Hosp, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Collignon, Peter] Australian Natl Univ, Canberra Clin Sch, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Coors, Anja] ECT Oekotoxikol GmbH, Florsheim am Main, Germany. [Finley, Rita] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada. [Gaze, William H.] Univ Exeter, Sch Med, European Ctr Environm & Human Hlth, Knowledge Spa,Royal Cornwall Hosp, Truro, England. [Heberer, Thomas] Fed Off Consumer Protect & Food Safety, Dept Vet Drugs 3, Berlin, Germany. [Lawrence, John R.] Environm Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Larsson, D. G. Joakim] Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Biomed, Gothenburg, Sweden. [McEwen, Scott A.] Univ Guelph, Dept Populat Med, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Ryan, James J.] GlaxoSmithKline, Environm Hlth & Safety, Ware, Herts, England. [Schoenfeld, Jens] Umweltbundesamt Fed Environm Agcy, Dessau, Germany. [Silley, Peter] MB Consult Ltd, Southampton, Hants, England. [Silley, Peter] Univ Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, W Yorkshire, England. [Snape, Jason R.] AstraZeneca, Brixham Environm Lab, Brixham, England. [Van den Eede, Christel] Pfizer Anim Hlth VMRD, Zaventem, Belgium. [Topp, Edward] Agr & Agri Food Canada, London, ON, Canada. RP Ashbolt, NJ (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab MD 593, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Ashbolt.Nick@epa.gov RI Brandt, Kristian Koefoed/I-3240-2012; OI Brandt, Kristian Koefoed/0000-0001-7886-9708; Backhaus, Thomas/0000-0001-9643-1662; Topp, Ed/0000-0002-8273-9372; Larsson, D.G. Joakim/0000-0002-5496-0328 FU Canadian Society of Microbiologists; AstraZeneca Ltd.; Pfizer Animal Health; F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd.; GlaxoSmithKline; Unilever; Huvepharma; American Cleaning Institute; Canadian Animal Health Institute; German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety; Health Canada; Public Health Agency of Canada FX This manuscript was conceived at a workshop (Antimicrobial Resistance in the Environment: Assessing and Managing Effects of Anthropogenic Activities) held 4-8 March 2012 in Montebello, Quebec, Canada. The workshop was sponsored by the Canadian Society of Microbiologists, with financial support from AstraZeneca Ltd.; Pfizer Animal Health; F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd.; GlaxoSmithKline; Unilever; Huvepharma; the American Cleaning Institute; the Canadian Animal Health Institute; the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety; Health Canada; and the Public Health Agency of Canada. NR 102 TC 80 Z9 82 U1 33 U2 220 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 121 IS 9 BP 993 EP 1001 DI 10.1289/ehp.1206316 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 227XS UT WOS:000325149600012 PM 23838256 ER PT J AU Perkins, EJ Ankley, GT Crofton, KM Garcia-Reyero, N LaLone, CA Johnson, MS Tietge, JE Villeneuve, DL AF Perkins, Edward J. Ankley, Gerald T. Crofton, Kevin M. Garcia-Reyero, Natalia LaLone, Carlie A. Johnson, Mark S. Tietge, Joseph E. Villeneuve, Daniel L. TI Current Perspectives on the Use of Alternative Species in Human Health and Ecological Hazard Assessments SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Review ID MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; THROUGHPUT SCREENING DATA; AMPHIBIAN METAMORPHOSIS ASSAY; RISK-ASSESSMENT; FATHEAD MINNOW; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION; THYROID-HORMONE; PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE; END-POINTS; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY AB BACKGROUND: Traditional animal toxicity tests can be time and resource intensive, thereby limiting the number of chemicals that can be comprehensively tested for potential hazards to humans and/or to the environment. OBJECTIVE: We compared several types of data to demonstrate how alternative models can be used to inform both human and ecological risk assessment. METHODS: We reviewed and compared data derived from high throughput in vitro assays to fish reproductive tests for seven chemicals. We investigated whether human-focused assays can be predictive of chemical hazards in the environment. We examined how conserved pathways enable the use of non-mammalian models, such as fathead minnow, zebrafish, and Xenopus laevis, to understand modes of action and to screen for chemical risks to humans. RESULTS: We examined how dose-dependent responses of zebrafish embryos exposed to flusilazole can be extrapolated, using pathway point of departure data and reverse toxicokinetics, to obtain human oral dose hazard values that are similar to published mammalian chronic toxicity values for the chemical. We also examined how development/safety data for human health can be used to help assess potential risks of pharmaceuticals to non-target species in the environment. DISCUSSION: Using several examples, we demonstrate that pathway-based analysis of chemical effects provides new opportunities to use alternative models (non-mammalian species, in vitro tests) to support decision making while reducing animal use and associated costs. CONCLUSIONS: These analyses and examples demonstrate how alternative models can be used to reduce cost and animal use while being protective of both human and ecological health. C1 [Perkins, Edward J.] US Army Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Ankley, Gerald T.; LaLone, Carlie A.; Tietge, Joseph E.; Villeneuve, Daniel L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN USA. [Crofton, Kevin M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Garcia-Reyero, Natalia] Mississippi State Univ, Inst Genom Biocomp & Biotechnol, Starkville, MS USA. [Johnson, Mark S.] US Army Inst Publ Hlth, Hlth Effects Res Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Perkins, EJ (reprint author), US Army Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM edward.j.perkins@usace.army.mil RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015 OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971 FU U.S. Army Environmental Quality Research Program [BAA 11-4838] FX This work was funded partly by the U.S. Army Environmental Quality Research Program (including BAA 11-4838). NR 108 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 11 U2 92 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 121 IS 9 BP 1002 EP 1010 DI 10.1289/ehp.1306638 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 227XS UT WOS:000325149600013 PM 23771518 ER PT J AU Cupul-Uicab, LA Klebanoff, MA Brock, JW Longnecker, MP AF Cupul-Uicab, Lea A. Klebanoff, Mark A. Brock, John W. Longnecker, Matthew P. TI Prenatal Exposure to Persistent Organochlorines and Childhood Obesity in the US Collaborative Perinatal Project SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; CAUSAL-DIAGRAMS; IN-UTERO; GROWTH; OVERWEIGHT; CHILDREN; BIRTH; RISK AB Background: In some previous studies, prenatal exposure to persistent organochlorines such as 1,1,-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (p,p' -DDE), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) has been associated with higher body mass index (BMI) in children. Objective: Our goal was to evaluate the association of maternal serum levels of beta-hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH), p,p' -DDE, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (p,p' -DDT), dieldrin, heptachlor epoxide, HCB, trans-nonachlor, oxychlordane, and PCBs with offspring obesity during childhood. Methods: The analysis was based on a subsample of 1,915 children followed until 7 years of age as part of the U.S. Collaborative Perinatal Project (CPP). The CPP enrolled pregnant women in 1959-1965; exposure levels were measured in third-trimester maternal serum that was collected before these organochlorines were banned in the United States. Childhood overweight and obesity were defined using age-and sex-specific cut points for BMI as recommended by the International Obesity Task Force. Results: Adjusted results did not show clear evidence for an association between organochlorine exposure and obesity; however, a suggestive finding emerged for dieldrin. Compared with those in the lowest quintile (dieldrin, <0.57 mu g/L), odds of obesity were 3.6 (95% CI: 1.3, 10.5) for the fourth and 2.3 (95% CI: 0.8, 7.1) for the highest quintile. Overweight and BMI were unrelated to organochlorine exposure. Conclusions: In this population with relatively high levels of exposure to organochlorines, no clear associations with obesity or BMI emerged. C1 [Cupul-Uicab, Lea A.; Longnecker, Matthew P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Cupul-Uicab, Lea A.] Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Ctr Populat Hlth Res, Cuernavaca 62100, Morelos, Mexico. [Klebanoff, Mark A.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Klebanoff, Mark A.] Nationwide Childrens Hosp, Res Inst, Columbus, OH USA. [Brock, John W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Cupul-Uicab, LA (reprint author), Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Ctr Populat Hlth Res, Ave Univ 655, Cuernavaca 62100, Morelos, Mexico. EM lea.cupul@insp.mx RI CUPUL UICAB, LEA/C-8699-2014; OI CUPUL UICAB, LEA/0000-0001-6190-4474; Longnecker, Matthew/0000-0001-6073-5322 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; National Institutes of Health FX This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health. NR 41 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 12 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 121 IS 9 BP 1103 EP 1109 DI 10.1289/ehp.1205901 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 227XS UT WOS:000325149600027 PM 23799652 ER PT J AU Parnell, AC Phillips, DL Bearhop, S Semmens, BX Ward, EJ Moore, JW Jackson, AL Grey, J Kelly, DJ Inger, R AF Parnell, Andrew C. Phillips, Donald L. Bearhop, Stuart Semmens, Brice X. Ward, Eric J. Moore, Jonathan W. Jackson, Andrew L. Grey, Jonathan Kelly, David J. Inger, Richard TI Bayesian stable isotope mixing models SO ENVIRONMETRICS LA English DT Article DE stable isotope analysis; mixing models; Bayesian hierarchical model; compositional data; time series ID MASS-BALANCE ANALYSIS; AIR-QUALITY DATA; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; COMPOSITIONAL DATA; UNCERTAINTY; TOO AB In this paper, we review recent advances in stable isotope mixing models (SIMMs) and place them into an overarching Bayesian statistical framework, which allows for several useful extensions. SIMMs are used to quantify the proportional contributions of various sources to a mixture. The most widely used application is quantifying the diet of organisms based on the food sources they have been observed to consume. At the centre of the multivariate statistical model we propose is a compositional mixture of the food sources corrected for various metabolic factors. The compositional component of our model is based on the isometric log-ratio transform. Through this transform, we can apply a range of time series and non-parametric smoothing relationships. We illustrate our models with three case studies based on real animal dietary behaviour. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Parnell, Andrew C.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Math Sci Stat, Complex & Adapt Syst Lab, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Phillips, Donald L.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR USA. [Bearhop, Stuart] Univ Exeter, Sch Biosci, Ctr Ecol & Conservat, Exeter, Devon, England. [Semmens, Brice X.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Ward, Eric J.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA USA. [Moore, Jonathan W.] Simon Fraser Univ, Earth2Ocean Res Grp, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Jackson, Andrew L.; Kelly, David J.] Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Sch Nat Sci, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Grey, Jonathan] Univ London, Sch Biol & Chem Sci, London, England. [Inger, Richard] Univ Exeter, Sch Biosci, Environm & Sustainabil Inst, Exeter, Devon, England. RP Parnell, AC (reprint author), Univ Coll Dublin, Room 500,Lib Bldg, Dublin 2, Ireland. EM Andrew.Parnell@ucd.ie RI Parnell, Andrew/C-7284-2014; Jackson, Andrew/D-3441-2009; Inger, Richard/D-3445-2009; OI Parnell, Andrew/0000-0001-7956-7939; Jackson, Andrew/0000-0001-7334-0434; Inger, Richard/0000-0003-1660-3706; Kelly, David/0000-0002-5880-4162; Bearhop, Stuart/0000-0002-5864-0129; Grey, Jonathan/0000-0001-9069-2271 FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors would like to thank John Connolly and two anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments on an earlier draft. The information in this document has been funded in part by the US Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review, and it has been approved for publication as an EPA document. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 44 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 21 U2 153 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1180-4009 EI 1099-095X J9 ENVIRONMETRICS JI Environmetrics PD SEP PY 2013 VL 24 IS 6 BP 387 EP 399 DI 10.1002/env.2221 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics GA 225YM UT WOS:000325001200004 ER PT J AU Heenan, J Porter, A Ntarlagiannis, D Young, LY Werkema, DD Slater, LD AF Heenan, Jeffrey Porter, Abigail Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios Young, Lily Y. Werkema, Dale D. Slater, Lee D. TI Sensitivity of the spectral induced polarization method to microbial enhanced oil recovery processes SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HYDROCARBON-CONTAMINATED SITE; COMPLEX CONDUCTIVITY; ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; POROUS-MEDIA; SIGNATURES; SEDIMENTS; SANDS; BIODEGRADATION AB The demand for more efficient and economic oil recovery techniques has driven research into novel extraction approaches, including microbial enhanced methods. Microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) is an underutilized technology that could significantly enhance tertiary oil recovery. Previous research has shown the spectral induced polarization (SIP) method to be sensitive to microbial degradation of hydrocarbons, so the method should therefore be sensitive to MEOR treatments. To test this hypothesis, heavy-oil-containing sands were monitored for a period of approximately six months while undergoing MEOR treatment. SIP monitoring showed significant sensitivity to biodegradation induced changes. Increases in phase and imaginary conductivity, with a polarization peak centered on approximately 3-8 Hz, were observed for the two MEOR active columns. Similarly, the normalized chargeability, an integrated parameter of a Debye decomposition analysis of the spectra, showed a linear increase in time. Chromatographic methods confirmed oil biodegradation in the active columns. The SIP responses are likely the result of microbial processes and the changes they promote to oil properties, such as altering wettability, or possibly the effect of organic acid production. The results of this experiment indicate that SIP may be a viable method of monitoringMEOR processes. C1 [Heenan, Jeffrey; Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios; Slater, Lee D.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Porter, Abigail; Young, Lily Y.] Rutgers State Univ, Sch Environm & Biol Sci, Dept Environm Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Werkema, Dale D.] US EPA, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Heenan, J (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. EM jheenan@pegasus.rutgers.edu; awporter@rci.rutgers.edu; dimntar@andromeda.rutgers.edu; lyoung@aesop.rutgers.edu; werkema.d@epamail.epa.gov; lslater@andromeda.rutgers.edu FU American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund; United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP-11-D-000372] FX Acknowledgment is made to the donors of the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund for support of this research. We thank Jim Long, of Mega West Energy, for supplying the oil used in this experiment. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under contract number EP-11-D-000372 to Jeffery Heenan. It has been subjected to agency review and approved for publication. NR 62 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 15 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 0016-8033 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 78 IS 5 BP E261 EP E269 DI 10.1190/GEO2013-0085.1 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 231EA UT WOS:000325395200023 ER PT J AU Wang, A Marinakos, SM Badireddy, AR Powers, CM Houck, K AF Wang, Amy Marinakos, Stella M. Badireddy, Appala Raju Powers, Christina M. A. Houck, Keith TI Characterization of physicochemical properties of nanomaterials and their immediate environments in high-throughput screening of nanomaterial biological activity SO WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID MULTIWALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; METAL-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; MICROCOSMS DETERMINE FATE; STRUCTURAL DEFECTS PLAY; NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; ACUTE LUNG TOXICITY; IN-VITRO; ENGINEERED NANOPARTICLES; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; RISK-ASSESSMENT AB Thousands of nanomaterials (NMs) are in commerce and few have toxicity data. To prioritize NMs for toxicity testing, high-throughput screening (HTS) of biological activity may be the only practical and timely approach to provide the necessary information. As in all nanotoxicologic studies, characterization of physicochemical properties of NMs and their immediate environments in HTS is critical to understanding how these properties affect NM bioactivity and to allow extrapolation to NMs not screened. The purpose of the study, the expert-groups-recommended minimal characterization, and NM physicochemical properties likely to affect measured bioactivity all help determine the scope of characterization. A major obstacle in reaping the full benefits of HTS for NMs is the low throughput of NM physicochemical characterization, which may require more sample quantity than HTS assays. Increasing the throughput and speed, and decreasing the amount of NMs needed for characterization are crucial. Finding characterization techniques and biological activity assays compatible with diverse classes of NMs is a challenge and multiple approaches for the same endpoints may be necessary. Use of computational tools and nanoinformatics for organizing and analyzing data are important to fully utilize the power of HTS. Other desired advances include the ability to more fully characterize: pristine NM without prior knowledge of NM physicochemical properties; non-pristine NMs (e.g., after use); NM in not-perfectly-dispersed suspension; and NM in biological samples at exposure-relevant conditions. Through combining HTS and physicochemical characterization results, we will better understand NM bioactivities, prioritize NMs for further testing, and build computational models to predict NM toxicity. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2013. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1229 Conflict of interest: The authors have declared no conflicts of interest for this article. For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website. C1 Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol NCCT, Res & Dev, US Environm Protect Agcy US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. Duke Univ, Ctr Environm Implicat NanoTechnol CEINT, Durham, NC USA. Natl Ctr Environm Assessment NCEA, Res & Dev, US Environm Protect Agcy US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Wang, Amy; A. Houck, Keith] US EPA, NCCT, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Marinakos, Stella M.; Badireddy, Appala Raju] Duke Univ, Ctr Environm Implicat NanoTechnol CEINT, Durham, NC USA. [Powers, Christina M.] US EPA, NCEA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Wang, A (reprint author), US EPA, NCCT, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Wang.Amy@epa.gov NR 109 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 43 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1939-5116 J9 WIRES NANOMED NANOBI JI Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.-Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 5 IS 5 BP 430 EP 448 DI 10.1002/wnan.1229 PG 19 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 227IX UT WOS:000325107300003 PM 23661551 ER PT J AU Karami, S Andreotti, G Koutros, S Barry, KH Moore, LE Han, S Hoppin, JA Sandler, DP Lubin, JH Burdette, LA Yuenger, J Yeager, M Freeman, LEB Blair, A Alavanja, MCR AF Karami, Sara Andreotti, Gabriella Koutros, Stella Barry, Kathryn Hughes Moore, Lee E. Han, Summer Hoppin, Jane A. Sandler, Dale P. Lubin, Jay H. Burdette, Laurie A. Yuenger, Jeffrey Yeager, Meredith Freeman, Laura E. Beane Blair, Aaron Alavanja, Michael C. R. TI Pesticide Exposure and Inherited Variants in Vitamin D Pathway Genes in Relation to Prostate Cancer SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; AGRICULTURAL HEALTH; SUN EXPOSURE; RISK-FACTORS; APPLICATORS; PREVENTION; RECEPTOR; POLYMORPHISMS; RADIATION AB Background: Vitamin D and its metabolites are believed to impede carcinogenesis by stimulating cell differentiation, inhibiting cell proliferation, and inducing apoptosis. Certain pesticides have been shown to deregulate vitamin D's anticarcinogenic properties. We hypothesize that certain pesticides may be linked to prostate cancer via an interaction with vitamin D genetic variants. Methods: We evaluated interactions between 41 pesticides and 152 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in nine vitamin D pathway genes among 776 prostate cancer cases and 1,444 male controls in a nested case-control study of Caucasian pesticide applicators within the Agricultural Health Study. We assessed P-interaction values using likelihood ratio tests from unconditional logistic regression and a false discovery rate (FDR) to account for multiple comparisons. Results: Five significant interactions (P < 0.01) displayed a monotonic increase in prostate cancer risk with individual pesticide use in one genotype and no association in the other. These interactions involved parathion and terbufos use and three vitamin D genes (VDR, RXRB, and GC). The exposure-response pattern among participants with increasing parathion use with the homozygous CC genotype for GC rs7041 compared with unexposed participants was noteworthy [low vs. no exposure: OR, 2.58, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07-6.25; high vs. no exposure: OR, 3.09, 95% CI, 1.10-8.68; P-interaction = 3.8 x 10(-3)]. Conclusions: In this study, genetic variations in vitamin D pathway genes, particularly GC rs7041, an SNP previously linked to lower circulating vitamin D levels, modified pesticide associations with prostate cancer risk. Impact: Because our study is the first to examine this relationship, additional studies are needed to rule out chance findings. (C) 2013 AACR. C1 [Karami, Sara; Andreotti, Gabriella; Koutros, Stella; Barry, Kathryn Hughes; Moore, Lee E.; Han, Summer; Lubin, Jay H.; Freeman, Laura E. Beane; Blair, Aaron; Alavanja, Michael C. R.] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Burdette, Laurie A.; Yuenger, Jeffrey; Yeager, Meredith] SAIC Frederick Inc, Natl Canc Inst Frederick, Core Genotyping Facil, Frederick, MD USA. [Hoppin, Jane A.; Sandler, Dale P.] NIH, Epidemiol Branch, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Karami, S (reprint author), NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, 6120 Execut Blvd,EPS 8121, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM karamis@mail.nih.gov OI Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018 FU Intramural Research Program of the NCI, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics [Z01CP010119]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH [Z01ES049030] FX This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NCI, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (Z01CP010119) and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS; Z01ES049030), NIH. NR 63 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 EI 1538-7755 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 22 IS 9 BP 1557 EP 1566 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-1454 PG 10 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 221QV UT WOS:000324674500009 PM 23833127 ER PT J AU Eastmond, DA Vulimiri, SV French, JE Sonawane, B AF Eastmond, David A. Vulimiri, Suryanarayana V. French, John E. Sonawane, Babasaheb TI The use of genetically modified mice in cancer risk assessment: Challenges and limitations SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Carcinogen; concordance; dose-response; hazard identification; mechanism; pathway-specificity; study duration; transgenic ID TRANSGENIC MOUSE MODELS; HA-RAS GENE; SHORT-TERM CARCINOGENICITY; CENTER-DOT-AC; WILD-TYPE P53; TG.AC MICE; IDENTIFYING CARCINOGENS; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS; COLLABORATIVE CROSS; ALTERNATIVE MODELS AB The use of genetically modified (GM) mice to assess carcinogenicity is playing an increasingly important role in the safety evaluation of chemicals. While progress has been made in developing and evaluating mouse models such as the Trp53(+/-), Tg.AC and the rasH2, the suitability of these models as replacements for the conventional rodent cancer bioassay and for assessing human health risks remains uncertain. The objective of this research was to evaluate the use of accelerated cancer bioassays with GM mice for assessing the potential health risks associated with exposure to carcinogenic agents. We compared the published results from the GM bioassays to those obtained in the National Toxicology Program's conventional chronic mouse bioassay for their potential use in risk assessment. Our analysis indicates that the GM models are less efficient in detecting carcinogenic agents but more consistent in identifying non-carcinogenic agents. We identified several issues of concern related to the design of the accelerated bioassays (e.g., sample size, study duration, genetic stability and reproducibility) as well as pathway-dependency of effects, and different carcinogenic mechanisms operable in GM and non-GM mice. The use of the GM models for dose-response assessment is particularly problematic as these models are, at times, much more or less sensitive than the conventional rodent cancer bioassays. Thus, the existing GM mouse models may be useful for hazard identification, but will be of limited use for dose-response assessment. Hence, caution should be exercised when using GM mouse models to assess the carcinogenic risks of chemicals. C1 [Eastmond, David A.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Cell Biol & Neurosci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Vulimiri, Suryanarayana V.; Sonawane, Babasaheb] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [French, John E.] NIEHS, Div Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Eastmond, DA (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Cell Biol & Neurosci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM david.eastmond@ucr.edu OI Vulimiri, Suryanarayana/0000-0003-3734-0036 FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 ES999999] NR 140 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 15 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1040-8444 EI 1547-6898 J9 CRIT REV TOXICOL JI Crit. Rev. Toxicol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 43 IS 8 BP 611 EP 631 DI 10.3109/10408444.2013.822844 PG 21 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 219EV UT WOS:000324489800001 PM 23985072 ER PT J AU Gomez-Alvarez, V Schrantz, KA Pressman, JG Speitel, GE Wahman, DG AF Gomez-Alvarez, Vicente Schrantz, Karen A. Pressman, Jonathan G. Speitel, Gerald E., Jr. Wahman, David G. TI Pyrosequencing Analysis of Bench-Scale Nitrifying Biofilters Removing Trihalomethanes SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cometabolism; drinking water; nitrification; 454 pyrosequencing; trihalomethanes ID AMMONIA-OXIDIZING ARCHAEA; DRINKING-WATER; FULL-SCALE; COMETABOLISM; DIVERSITY; BACTERIA AB Biofilm communities in four bench-scale nitrifying biofilters degrading drinking water-regulated trihalomethanes were analyzed by next-generation high-throughput 454 pyrosequencing. On average, the bacterial communities were dominated by Nitrosomonas (69%), Nitrobacter (14%), and Chitinophagaceae (9%) with the dominant bacterial operational taxonomic unit (OTU) related to the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) Nitrosomonas oligotropha. Even though ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) have been reported in drinking water systems, the current study generated no PCR product or a very low yield of detectable Archaea amplicons, which may be attributed to biofilter operating conditions [e.g., 4 mg N/L TOTNH3 (sum of ammonia-nitrogen and ammonium-nitrogen)] that promoted AOB compared with AOA growth. Spatially within a given biofilter (influent to the effluent), OTU relative abundance significantly changed such that Nitrosomonas relative abundance decreased and Chitinophagaceae and Nitrobacter relative abundance increased. C1 [Gomez-Alvarez, Vicente; Schrantz, Karen A.; Pressman, Jonathan G.; Wahman, David G.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Speitel, Gerald E., Jr.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Wahman, DG (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM wahman.david@epa.gov OI Wahman, David/0000-0002-0167-8468 FU U.S. EPA through the Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. EPA through the Office of Research and Development funded and managed this research. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed are the authors and do not necessarily reflect Agency views; therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 32 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1092-8758 J9 ENVIRON ENG SCI JI Environ. Eng. Sci. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 30 IS 9 BP 582 EP 588 DI 10.1089/ees.2013.0043 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 218IQ UT WOS:000324426500007 ER PT J AU Alley, WM Bair, ES Wireman, M AF Alley, William M. Bair, E. Scott Wireman, Michael TI "Deep" Groundwater SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Alley, William M.] Natl Ground Water Assoc, Westerville, OH 43081 USA. [Bair, E. Scott] Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Wireman, Michael] US EPA, Denver, CO 80202 USA. RP Alley, WM (reprint author), Natl Ground Water Assoc, Westerville, OH 43081 USA. EM walley@ngwa.org; bair.1@osu.edu; Wireman.mike@epa.gov NR 0 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD SEP PY 2013 VL 51 IS 5 BP 653 EP 654 DI 10.1111/gwat.12098 PG 2 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 211FE UT WOS:000323889900001 PM 23888927 ER PT J AU Larson, JH Trebitz, AS Steinman, AD Wiley, MJ Mazur, MC Pebbles, V Braun, HA Seelbach, PW AF Larson, James H. Trebitz, Anett S. Steinman, Alan D. Wiley, Michael J. Mazur, Martha Carlson Pebbles, Victoria Braun, Heather A. Seelbach, Paul W. TI Great Lakes rivermouth ecosystems: Scientific synthesis and management implications SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material DE Mixing zone; Hydrology; Geochemistry; Biotic diversity; Ecosystem services; Estuary ID SUPERIOR COASTAL WETLANDS; OLD WOMAN CREEK; WATER CHEMISTRY; CANADIAN NEARSHORE; AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; CURRENT KNOWLEDGE; FLOW REGIME; MONA LAKE; LAND-USE; MICHIGAN AB At the interface of the Great Lakes and their tributary rivers lies the rivermouths, a class of aquatic ecosystem where lake and lotic processes mix and distinct features emerge. Many rivermouths are the focal point of both human interaction with the Great Lakes and human impacts to the lakes; many cities, ports, and beaches are located in rivermouth ecosystems, and these human pressures often degrade key ecological functions that rivermouths provide. Despite their ecological uniqueness and apparent economic importance, there has been relatively little research on these ecosystems as a class relative to studies on upstream rivers or the open-lake waters. Here we present a synthesis of current knowledge about ecosystem structure and function in Great Lakes rivermouths based on studies in both Laurentian rivermouths, coastal wetlands, and marine estuarine systems. A conceptual model is presented that establishes a common semantic framework for discussing the characteristic spatial features of rivermouths. This model then is used to conceptually link ecosystem structure and function to ecological services provided by rivermouths. This synthesis helps identify the critical gaps in understanding rivermouth ecology. Specifically, additional information is needed on how rivermouths collectively influence the Great Lakes ecosystem, how human alterations influence rivermouth functions, and how ecosystem services provided by rivermouths can be managed to benefit the surrounding socioeconomic networks. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research. C1 [Larson, James H.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. [Trebitz, Anett S.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. [Steinman, Alan D.] Grand Valley State Univ, Annis Water Resources Inst, Muskegon, MI 49441 USA. [Wiley, Michael J.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Mazur, Martha Carlson] Bellarmine Univ, Sch Environm Studies, Louisville, KY 40225 USA. [Pebbles, Victoria; Braun, Heather A.] Great Lakes Commiss, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA. [Seelbach, Paul W.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. RP Larson, JH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. EM jhlarson@usgs.gov; trebitz.anett@epa.gov; steinmaa@gvsu.edu; mjwiley@umich.edu; mmazur@bellarmine.edu; vpebbles@glc.org; pseelbach@usgs.gov OI Steinman, Alan/0000-0002-4886-4305 NR 132 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 6 U2 59 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 39 IS 3 BP 513 EP 524 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2013.06.002 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 223WM UT WOS:000324843200017 ER PT J AU Friedland, KD Kane, J Hare, JA Lough, RG Fratantoni, PS Fogarty, MJ Nye, JA AF Friedland, Kevin D. Kane, Joe Hare, Jonathan A. Lough, R. Gregory Fratantoni, Paula S. Fogarty, Michael J. Nye, Janet A. TI Thermal habitat constraints on zooplankton species associated with Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) on the US Northeast Continental Shelf SO PROGRESS IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Review ID HADDOCK MELANOGRAMMUS-AEGLEFINUS; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; GEORGES-BANK; CLIMATE-CHANGE; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; COPEPOD POPULATIONS; FISH ASSEMBLAGE; UNITED-STATES; WESTERN GULF; LARVAL LIFE AB The US Northeast Continental Shelf is experiencing a period of increasing temperature levels and range, which impacts the quantity of thermal habitats within the ecosystem. With increasing temperatures, the amount of warmer, surface water thermal habitats (16-27 degrees C) has increased while there has been a reciprocal decline in cooler water habitats (5-15 degrees C). These cooler water habitats are the most abundant and comprise the core habitats of the ecosystem. The coldest thermal habitats (1-4 degrees C), however, have increased slightly in amount or have remained constant, reflecting a discontinuity in the progression of warming along a latitudinal gradient. This discontinuity may be the result of recent changes in the circulation of water masses in the northern Gulf of Maine, potentially associated with the Labrador Current. The contraction of core thermal habitats appears to have had biological consequences on multiple trophic levels. In particular, two zooplankton species associated with the larval feeding of Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, have declined in abundance in the same areas where cod populations have exhibited continually poor recruitment. The zooplankton species group Pseudocalanus spp., which is associated with winter-spawning cod, has declined on Georges Bank and in the Eastern Gulf of Maine. The zooplankton Centro-pages typicus has declined in the Gulf of Maine during late summer into fall, potentially affecting spring-spawning cod in that area. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that portions of the population complex of cod have lower reproductive output due to changes in zooplankton abundance, which we associate with the distribution of temperatures within the ecosystem. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Friedland, Kevin D.; Kane, Joe; Hare, Jonathan A.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Lough, R. Gregory; Fratantoni, Paula S.; Fogarty, Michael J.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Nye, Janet A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Friedland, KD (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 28 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM kevin.friedland@noaa.gov NR 77 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 35 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0079-6611 J9 PROG OCEANOGR JI Prog. Oceanogr. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 116 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1016/j.pocean.2013.05.011 PG 13 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 218TO UT WOS:000324455600001 ER PT J AU Prasad, RY Mcgee, JK Killius, MG Suarez, DA Blackman, CF DeMarini, DM Simmons, SO AF Prasad, Raju Y. McGee, John K. Killius, Micaela G. Suarez, Danielle A. Blackman, Carl F. DeMarini, David M. Simmons, Steven O. TI Investigating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses elicited by silver nanoparticles using high-throughput reporter genes in HepG2 cells: Effect of size, surface coating, and intracellular uptake SO TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO LA English DT Article DE Silver; Nanoparticles; Reporter genes; Stress response; NRF2; Oxidative stress ID IN-VITRO TOXICITY; HEME OXYGENASE-1 GENE; RISK-ASSESSMENT; PARTICLE-SIZE; NANO-SILVER; CYTOTOXICITY; IONS; GENOTOXICITY; GENERATION; CHALLENGES AB Silver nanoparticles (Ag NP) have been shown to generate reactive oxygen species; however, the association between physicochemical characteristics of nanoparticles and cellular stress responses elicited by exposure has not been elucidated. Here, we examined three key stress-responsive pathways activated by Nrf-2/ARE, NP kappa B, and API during exposure to Ag NP of two distinct sizes (10 and 75 nm) and coatings (citrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone), as well as silver nitrate (AgNO3), and CeO2 nanoparticles. The in vitro assays assessed the cellular response in a battery of stable luciferase-reporter HepG2 cell lines. We further assessed the impact of Ag NP and AgNO3 exposure on cellular redox status by measuring glutathione depletion. Lastly, we determined intracellular Ag concentration by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) and re-analyzed reporter-gene data using these values to estimate the relative potencies of the Ag NPs and AgNO3. Our results show activation of all three stress response pathways, with Nrf-2/ARE displaying the strongest response elicited by each Ag NP and AgNO3 evaluated here. The smaller (10-nm) Ag NPs were more potent than the larger (75-nm) Ag NPs in each stress-rsponse pathway, and citrate-coated Ag NPs had higher intracellular silver concentrations compared with both PVP-coated Ag NP and AgNO3. The cellular stress response profiles after Ag NP exposure were similar to that of AgNO3, suggesting that the oxidative stress and inflammatory effects of Ag NP are likely due to the cytotoxicity of silver ions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Prasad, Raju Y.; Killius, Micaela G.] US EPA, Student Serv Contractor, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [McGee, John K.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Suarez, Danielle A.; Blackman, Carl F.; DeMarini, David M.; Simmons, Steven O.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Simmons, SO (reprint author), US EPA, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD B105-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM simmons.steve@epa.gov OI Simmons, Steven/0000-0001-9079-1069; Blackman, Carl/0000-0003-3267-5224 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The information in this document has been funded wholly (or in part) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 42 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 9 U2 69 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0887-2333 J9 TOXICOL IN VITRO JI Toxicol. Vitro PD SEP PY 2013 VL 27 IS 6 BP 2013 EP 2021 DI 10.1016/j.tiv.2013.07.005 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 223YG UT WOS:000324847800048 PM 23872425 ER PT J AU Gullett, BK Tabor, D Bertrand, A Touati, A AF Gullett, Brian K. Tabor, Dennis Bertrand, Amelie Touati, Abderrahmane TI Quality control for sampling of PCDD/PCDF emissions from open combustion sources SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE PCDD/PCDF; Sampling; Quality control; Open burning; Polyurethane foam; Blow off ID MILITARY WASTE; DIOXINS; FOREST AB Both long duration (>6 h) and high temperature (up to 139 degrees C) sampling efforts were conducted using ambient air sampling methods to determine if either high volume throughput or higher than ambient air sampling temperatures resulted in loss of target polychlorinated dibenzodioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) from a polyurethane foam (PUF) sorbent. Emissions from open burning of simulated military forward operating base waste were sampled using EPA Method TO-9A for 185 min duration using a filter/PUF/PUF in series combination. After a 54 m(3) sample was collected, the sampler was removed from the combustion source and the second PUF was replaced with a fresh, clean PUF. An additional 6 h of ambient air sampling (171 m(3)) was conducted and the second PUF was analyzed to determine if the PCDD/PCDF transferred from the filter and the first PUF. Less than 4.4% of the initial PCDD/PCDF was lost to the second PUF. To assess the potential for blow off of PCDD/PCDF analytes during open air sampling, the mobility of spiked mono- to hepta-PCDD/PCDF standards across a PUF sorbent was evaluated from ambient air temperatures to 145 degrees C with total volumes between 600 L and 2400 L. Lower molecular weight compounds and higher flow amounts increased release of the spiked standards consistent with vapor pressure values. At 600 L total sampled volume, the release temperature for 1% of the tetra-CDD (the lowest chlorinated homologue with a toxic compound) was 87 degrees C; increasing the volume fourfold reduced this temperature to 73 degrees C. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Gullett, Brian K.; Tabor, Dennis] US EPA, Off Res & Dev E343 04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bertrand, Amelie] Univ Orleans, Fac Sci, F-45067 Orleans, France. [Touati, Abderrahmane] ARCADIS US Inc, Durham, NC 27713 USA. RP Gullett, BK (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev E343 04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Gullett.brian@epa.gov; amelieb-45@hotmail.fr; touati.dahman@epa.gov FU US Air Force Surgeon General, AF/SG5I Force Health Protection office; US Environmental Protection Agency FX A. Bertrand participated in this research while a visiting scientist at the US EPA from the Chemistry Department, Universite d'Orleans, France. This work was supported in part by the by the US Air Force Surgeon General, AF/SG5I Force Health Protection office and conducted under the auspices of an Intergovernmental Agreement with the US Environmental Protection Agency. Special acknowledgement is made to Joseph Sutphin, US Army Public Health Command, for his consultation. We acknowledge the dedicated efforts of Johanna Aurell of the National Research Council, post-doctoral fellow at US EPA, and Steve Terll, Libby Nessley, Barbara Wyrzykowska, Jerry Revis, and Donnie Gillis of ARCADIS-US, Inc., who provided technical support at the Open Burn Test Facility. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD SEP PY 2013 VL 93 IS 3 BP 494 EP 498 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.06.020 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 218TZ UT WOS:000324456700006 PM 23871593 ER PT J AU Birkholzer, JT Nicot, JP Oldenburg, CM Zhou, QL Kraemer, S Bandilla, K AF Birkholzer, Jens T. Nicot, Jean Philippe Oldenburg, Curtis M. Zhou, Quanlin Kraemer, Stephen Bandilla, Karl TI Reply to comments by Schnaar et al. on "Brine flow up a well caused by pressure perturbation from geologic carbon sequestration: Static and dynamic evaluations" by Birkholzer et al. (2011) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL LA English DT Letter C1 [Birkholzer, Jens T.; Oldenburg, Curtis M.; Zhou, Quanlin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Nicot, Jean Philippe] Univ Texas Austin, Bur Econ Geol, Austin, TX 78713 USA. [Kraemer, Stephen; Bandilla, Karl] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Birkholzer, JT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jtbirkholzer@lbl.gov RI Zhou, Quanlin/B-2455-2009; Oldenburg, Curtis/L-6219-2013; Birkholzer, Jens/C-6783-2011; Nicot, Jean-Philippe/A-3954-2009 OI Zhou, Quanlin/0000-0001-6780-7536; Oldenburg, Curtis/0000-0002-0132-6016; Birkholzer, Jens/0000-0002-7989-1912; NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1750-5836 J9 INT J GREENH GAS CON JI Int. J. Greenh. Gas Control PD SEP PY 2013 VL 17 BP 544 EP 545 DI 10.1016/j.ijggc.2013.06.001 PG 2 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 214RO UT WOS:000324153700051 ER PT J AU Ghimenti, S Francesco, F Onor, M Stiegel, MA Trivella, MG Comite, C Catania, N Fuoco, R Pleil, JD AF Ghimenti, S. Di Francesco, F. Onor, M. Stiegel, M. A. Trivella, M. G. Comite, C. Catania, N. Fuoco, R. Pleil, J. D. TI Post-operative elimination of sevoflurane anesthetic and hexafluoroisopropanol metabolite in exhaled breath: pharmacokinetic models for assessing liver function SO JOURNAL OF BREATH RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CYTOCHROME-P450 2E1; RISK-ASSESSMENT; BIOMARKERS; EXPOSURE; BIOTRANSFORMATION; DISPOSITION; ISOFLURANE; METRICS; CYP2E1 AB Sevoflurane (SEV), a commonly used anesthetic agent for invasive surgery, is directly eliminated via exhaled breath and indirectly by metabolic conversion to inorganic fluoride and hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP), which is also eliminated in the breath. We studied the post-operative elimination of SEV and HFIP of six patients that had undergone a variety of surgeries lasting between 2.5 to 8.5 h using exhaled breath analysis. A classical three compartments pharmacokinetic model developed for the study of environmental contaminants was fitted to the breath data. We found that SEV kinetic behavior following surgery (for up to six days) is consistent across all subjects whereas the production and elimination of HFIP varies to some extent. We developed subject specific parameters for HFIP metabolism and interpreted the differences in the context of timing and dose of anesthesia, type of surgery, and specific host factors. We propose methods for assessing individual patient liver function using SEV as a probe molecule for assessing efficiency of liver metabolism to HFIP. This work is valuable not only for the clinical study of metabolism recovery, but potentially also for the study of the interaction of other manufactured and environmental compounds with human systems biology in controlled exposure and observational studies. C1 [Ghimenti, S.; Di Francesco, F.; Fuoco, R.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Chim & Chim Ind, I-56126 Pisa, Italy. [Onor, M.] CNR, Ist Chim Composti Organometallici, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. [Stiegel, M. A.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Trivella, M. G.] CNR, Ist Fisiol Clin, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. [Comite, C.; Catania, N.] Azienda Osped Univ Pisana, Pisa, Italy. [Pleil, J. D.] US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, NERL ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Ghimenti, S (reprint author), Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Chim & Chim Ind, Via Risorgimento 35, I-56126 Pisa, Italy. EM fdifra@dcci.unipi.it RI Onor, Massimo/A-4382-2012; Di Francesco, Fabio/I-8756-2012; OI Onor, Massimo/0000-0003-3023-1072; Di Francesco, Fabio/0000-0002-9285-1595; Pleil, Joachim/0000-0001-8211-0796; Trivella, Maria Giovanna/0000-0001-8702-2859 NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 11 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1752-7155 J9 J BREATH RES JI J. Breath Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 7 IS 3 AR 036001 DI 10.1088/1752-7155/7/3/036001 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Respiratory System SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Respiratory System GA 214FQ UT WOS:000324117800002 PM 23735676 ER PT J AU Minca, KK Basta, NT Scheckel, KG AF Minca, K. K. Basta, N. T. Scheckel, K. G. TI Using the Mehlich-3 Soil Test as an Inexpensive Screening Tool to Estimate Total and Bioaccessible Lead in Urban Soils SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-METAL CONTAMINATION; ORAL BIOAVAILABILITY; RISK-ASSESSMENT; EXTRACTION; CLEVELAND; PATHWAYS; IFEFFIT; ACID; PB AB In cities nationwide, urban agriculture has been put on hold because of the high costs of soil testing for historical contaminants such as lead (Pb). The Mehlich-3 soil test is commonly used to determine plant available nutrients, is inexpensive, and has the potential to estimate trace metals in urban soil. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the ability of the Mehlich-3 to estimate total Pb and bioaccessible Pb in vacant residential lots. Total and bioaccessible Pb were determined in 68 vacant residential lots in Cleveland, OH, using standard USEPA Method 3051A and the Relative Bioaccessibility Leaching Procedure (RBALP), respectively. The Mehlich-3 soil test was used to determine extractable Pb, and the results show Mehlich-3 was strongly correlated with total and bioaccessible Pb. The Mehlich-3 soil test could be used as a screening tool to not only estimate total Pb (slope 1.73, r(2) = 0.970) but also to estimate bioaccessible Pb when using RBALP at pH 1.5 (slope 1.67, r(2) = 0.975) and RBALP at pH 2.5 (slope 1.15, r(2) = 0.938). Additional samples were collected from the Thackeray Avenue site in Cleveland, OH, to demonstrate the ability of the Mehlich-3 soil test to screen soil for Pb. The results from the Thackeray site show good agreement between Mehlich-3 and the standard USEPA methods. A screening protocol for urban vacant residential lots using the Mehlich-3 soil test is proposed. C1 [Minca, K. K.; Basta, N. T.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Scheckel, K. G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. RP Basta, NT (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM basta.4@osu.edu RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU Department of Energy; MRCAT FX The authors would like to acknowledge the assistance of Shane Whitacre in some of the laboratory work, and the assistance of Morgan Taggert and Marie Barni with The Ohio State University Cuyahoga County Extension Office for their efforts in the site selection and sample collection in Cleveland, OH. Partial salary of N. Basta is provided by state and federal funds appropriated to the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210. MRCAT operations are supported by the Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions. Although the USEPA contributed to this article, the research presented was not performed by or funded by the USEPA and was not subject to the USEPA's quality system requirements. Consequently, the views, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect or represent the USEPA's views or policies. NR 45 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 42 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1518 EP 1526 DI 10.2134/jeq2012.0450 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 213XZ UT WOS:000324095200022 PM 24216429 ER PT J AU Richmond-Bryant, J Meng, QY Davis, JA Cohen, J Svendsgaard, D Brown, JS Tuttle, L Hubbard, H Rice, J Kirrane, E Vinikoor-Imler, L Kotchmar, D Hines, E Ross, M AF Richmond-Bryant, Jennifer Meng, Qingyu Davis, J. Allen Cohen, Jonathan Svendsgaard, David Brown, James S. Tuttle, Lauren Hubbard, Heidi Rice, Joann Kirrane, Ellen Vinikoor-Imler, Lisa Kotchmar, Dennis Hines, Erin Ross, Mary TI A multi-level model of blood lead as a function of air lead SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Air lead; Air pollution; Biomarkers of exposure; Blood lead; Children; NHANES ID MISSING DATA; CHILDREN; POLLUTION; HEALTH; TRENDS AB National and local declines in lead (Pb) in blood (PbB) over the past several years coincide with the decline in ambient air Pb (PbA) concentrations. The objective of this work is to evaluate how the relationship between PbB levels and PbA levels has changed following the phase out of leaded gasoline and tightened controls on industrial Pb emissions over the past 30 years among a national population sample. Participant-level data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were employed for two time periods (1988-1994 and 1999-2008), and the model was corrected for housing, demographic, socioeconomic, and other covariates present in NHANES. NHANES data for PbB and covariates were merged with PbA data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Linear mixed effects models (LMEs) were run to assess the relationship of PbB with PbA; sample weights were omitted, given biases encountered with the use of sample weights in LMEs. The 1988-1994 age-stratified results found that In(PbB) was statistically significantly associated with In(PbA) for all age groups. The consistent influence of PbA on PbB across age groups for the years 1988-1994 suggests a ubiquitous exposure unrelated to age of the sample population. The comparison of effect estimates for In(PbA) shows a statistically significant effect estimate and ANOVA results for In(PbB) for the 6- to 11-year and 12- to 19-year age groups during 1999-2008. The more recent finding suggests that PbA has less consistent influence on PbB compared with other factors. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Richmond-Bryant, Jennifer; Davis, J. Allen; Svendsgaard, David; Brown, James S.; Kirrane, Ellen; Vinikoor-Imler, Lisa; Kotchmar, Dennis; Hines, Erin; Ross, Mary] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Meng, Qingyu] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Sch Publ Hlth, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Cohen, Jonathan; Hubbard, Heidi] ICF Int, Fairfax, VA 22031 USA. [Tuttle, Lauren] Univ Texas Austin, Sch Architecture, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Rice, Joann] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Meng, QY (reprint author), Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Sch Publ Hlth, 675 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM mengqi@umdnj.edu OI Hines, Erin Pias/0000-0002-2458-6267 NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 461 BP 207 EP 213 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.05.008 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 210RF UT WOS:000323851500023 PM 23727994 ER PT J AU Duan, WL Takara, K He, B Luo, PP Nover, D Yamashiki, Y AF Duan, Weili Takara, Kaoru He, Bin Luo, Pingping Nover, Daniel Yamashiki, Yosuke TI Spatial and temporal trends in estimates of nutrient and suspended sediment loads in the Ishikari River, Japan, 1985 to 2010 SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE nitrogen; phosphorus; suspended sediment; MOVE. 3; LOADEST; Ishikari River ID WATER-QUALITY ASSESSMENT; LAND-USE; PHOSPHORUS; NITROGEN; MODEL; FRAMEWORK; POLLUTION; SURFACE; CHINA; BASIN AB Nutrients and suspended sediment in surface water play important roles in aquatic ecosystems and contribute strongly to water quality with implication for drinking water resources, human and environmental health. Estimating loads of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and suspended sediment (SS) is complicated because of infrequent monitoring data, retransformation bias, data censoring, and non-normality. To obtain reliable unbiased estimates, the Maintenance of Variance-Extension type 3 (MOVE. 3) and the regression model Load Estimator (LOADEST) were applied to develop regression equations and to estimate total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and SS loads at five sites on the Ishikari River, Japan, from 1985 to 2010. Coefficients of determination (R-2) for the best-fit regression models for loads of TN, TP, and SS for the five sites ranged from 71.86 % to 90.94 %, suggesting the model for all three constituents successfully simulated the variability in constituent loads at all studied sites. Estimated monthly average loads at Yishikarikakou-bashi were larger than at the other sites, with TN, TP, and SS loads ranging from 8.52 x 10(3) to 2.00 x 10(5) kg/day (Apr. 1999), 3.96 x 10(2) to 5.23 x 10(4) kg/ day (Apr. 1999), and 9.21 x 10(4) to 9.25 x 10(7) kg/day (Sep. 2001), respectively. Because of variation in river discharge, the estimated seasonal loads fluctuated widely over the period 1985 to 2010, with the greatest loads occurring in spring and the smallest loads occurring in winter. Estimated loads of TN, TP, and especially SS showed decreasing trends during the study period. Accurate load estimation is a necessary goal of water quality monitoring efforts and the methods described here provide essential information for effectively managing water resources. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Duan, Weili] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Civil & Earth Resources Engn, Kyoto, Japan. [Takara, Kaoru; He, Bin; Luo, Pingping; Yamashiki, Yosuke] Kyoto Univ, Disaster Prevent Res Inst, Kyoto, Japan. [He, Bin] Kyoto Univ, Ctr Promot Interdisciplinary Educ & Res, Kyoto, Japan. [Nover, Daniel] US EPA, Global Change Res Program, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Duan, WL (reprint author), Kyoto Univ Uji, Disaster Prevent Res Inst, Room E304D, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. EM duan.scut.cn@gmail.com; hyhebin@gmail.com RI He, Bin/F-8497-2014 OI He, Bin/0000-0002-3475-4324 FU Kyoto University; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [P12055]; JSPS KAKENHI [24.02055]; JSPS (KAKENHI) [90569724] FX This study is sponsored by the Kyoto University Global COE program "Sustainability/Survivability Science for a Resilient Society Adaptable to Extreme Weather Conditions" and "Global Center for Education and Research on Human Security Engineering for Asian Megacities", the Postdoctoral fellowship of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (P12055), JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 24.02055 and the JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B) (KAKENHI Wakate B, 90569724). NR 59 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 5 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 461 BP 499 EP 508 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.05.022 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 210RF UT WOS:000323851500052 PM 23751333 ER PT J AU Li, SB Anderson, TA Maul, JD Shrestha, S Green, MJ Canas-Carrell, JE AF Li, Shibin Anderson, Todd A. Maul, Jonathan D. Shrestha, Sabina Green, Micah J. Canas-Carrell, Jaclyn E. TI Comparative studies of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and octadecyl (C-18) as sorbents in passive sampling devices for biomimetic uptake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from soils SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE C-18; MWNTs; Passive sampling devices; Earthworms; PAHs; Bioavailability ID CELLULOSE-ACETATE MEMBRANES; EXTRACTION TECHNIQUES; CONTAMINATED WATER; BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN; BIOAVAILABILITY; SORPTION; EARTHWORMS; BIOACCUMULATION; AVAILABILITY; ACCUMULATION AB To avoid overestimating the risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), research is needed to evaluate the bioavailable portion of PAHs in the environment. However, limited PSDs were developed for a terrestrial soil system. In this study, two sorbents, octadecyl (C-18) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), were individually evaluated as sorbents in passive sampling devices (PSDs) as biomimetic samplers to assess the uptake of PAHs from soil. C-18-PSDs were an excellent biomimetic tool for PAHs with a low molecular weight in complex exposure conditions with different soil types, types of PAHs, aging periods, and initial PAH concentrations in soil. The utility of MWNT-PSDs was limited by extraction efficiencies of PAHs from MWNTs. However, when compared to C-18-PSDs, they had higher adsorption capacities and were less expensive. This study provides data regarding useful techniques that can be used in risk assessment to assess the bioavailability of PAHs in soil. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Shibin; Anderson, Todd A.; Maul, Jonathan D.; Shrestha, Sabina; Canas-Carrell, Jaclyn E.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Environm Toxicol, Inst Environm & Human Hlth TIEHH, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Green, Micah J.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Li, SB (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN USA. EM li.shibin@epa.gov RI Green, Micah/C-7647-2011 OI Green, Micah/0000-0001-5691-0861 NR 49 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 461 BP 560 EP 567 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.05.048 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 210RF UT WOS:000323851500058 PM 23756215 ER PT J AU Essamlali, Y Amadine, O Maati, H Abdelouahdi, K Fihri, A Zahouily, M Varma, RS Solhy, A AF Essamlali, Younes Amadine, Othmane Maati, Houda Abdelouahdi, Karima Fihri, Aziz Zahouily, Mohamed Varma, Rajender S. Solhy, Abderrahim TI Highly Efficient One-Pot Three-Component Synthesis of Naphthopyran Derivatives in Water Catalyzed by Phosphates SO ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Three-component reactions; One-pot method; Heterogeneous catalysis; Phosphates; Sustainable chemistry ID AQUA MEDIATED SYNTHESIS; ONE-STEP SYNTHESIS; AQUEOUS-MEDIA; SUBSTITUTED 2-AMINO-2-CHROMENES; MODIFIED-HYDROXYAPATITE; SOLID CATALYST; CONVENIENT; CHEMISTRY; 2-AMINO-4H-CHROMENES; COMBINATORIAL AB An expeditious and efficient protocol for the synthesis of naphthopyrans has been developed that proceeds via a one-pot three-component sequential reaction in water catalyzed by phosphates (hydroxyapatite or sodium-modified hydroxyapatite). This is part of the mission to maximize valorization efforts of Moroccan natural phosphate resources. The title compounds have been obtained in high yield and purity. The catalyst can be reused several times, making this procedure facile, practical, and sustainable. C1 [Essamlali, Younes; Amadine, Othmane; Maati, Houda; Fihri, Aziz; Zahouily, Mohamed; Solhy, Abderrahim] MAScIR Fdn, INANOTECH, VARENA Ctr, Rabat 10100, Morocco. [Abdelouahdi, Karima] CNRST, Div UATRS, Angle Allal Fassi FAR, Rabat 10000, Morocco. [Essamlali, Younes; Amadine, Othmane; Maati, Houda; Zahouily, Mohamed] Univ Hassan II Mohammedia, Fac Sci & Tech, URAC 24, Lab Mat Catalyse & Valorisat Ressources Nat, Mohammadia 20650, Morocco. [Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Zahouily, M (reprint author), MAScIR Fdn, INANOTECH, VARENA Ctr, Rue Mohamed El Jazouli, Rabat 10100, Morocco. EM m.zahouily@mascir.com; a.solhy@mascir.com FU Office Cherifien des Phosphates in the Moroccan Kingdom (OCP Group), RD Department; CNRST FX The financial assistance of the Office Cherifien des Phosphates in the Moroccan Kingdom (OCP Group), R&D Department, towards this research is hereby acknowledged. We acknowledge also the financial assistance of the CNRST. We equally thank the administrative and technical support team of the MAScIR Foundation, particularly Miss Mazzi Soumia and Miss Boutayeb Amal. NR 48 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2168-0485 J9 ACS SUSTAIN CHEM ENG JI ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 1 IS 9 BP 1154 EP 1159 DI 10.1021/sc400072s PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering GA 212WZ UT WOS:000324014800011 ER PT J AU Preston, RJ Boice, JD Brill, AB Chakraborty, R Conolly, R Hoffman, FO Hornung, RW Kocher, DC Land, CE Shore, RE Woloschak, GE AF Preston, R. Julian Boice, John D., Jr. Brill, A. Bertrand Chakraborty, Ranajit Conolly, Rory Hoffman, F. Owen Hornung, Richard W. Kocher, David C. Land, Charles E. Shore, Roy E. Woloschak, Gayle E. TI Uncertainties in estimating health risks associated with exposure to ionising radiation SO JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-BOMB SURVIVORS; LOW-DOSE-RATE; LUNG-CANCER; RADIOGENIC CANCERS; RESIDENTIAL RADON; MEASUREMENT ERROR; INCIDENCE CURVES; POOLED ANALYSIS; 15 COUNTRIES; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB The information for the present discussion on the uncertainties associated with estimation of radiation risks and probability of disease causation was assembled for the recently published NCRP Report No. 171 on this topic. This memorandum provides a timely overview of the topic, given that quantitative uncertainty analysis is the state of the art in health risk assessment and given its potential importance to developments in radiation protection. Over the past decade the increasing volume of epidemiology data and the supporting radiobiology findings have aided in the reduction of uncertainty in the risk estimates derived. However, it is equally apparent that there remain significant uncertainties related to dose assessment, low dose and low dose-rate extrapolation approaches (e.g. the selection of an appropriate dose and dose-rate effectiveness factor), the biological effectiveness where considerations of the health effects of high-LET and lower-energy low-LET radiations are required and the transfer of risks from a population for which health effects data are available to one for which such data are not available. The impact of radiation on human health has focused in recent years on cancer, although there has been a decided increase in the data for noncancer effects together with more reliable estimates of the risk following radiation exposure, even at relatively low doses (notably for cataracts and cardiovascular disease). New approaches for the estimation of hereditary risk have been developed with the use of human data whenever feasible, although the current estimates of heritable radiation effects still are based on mouse data because of an absence of effects in human studies. Uncertainties associated with estimation of these different types of health effects are discussed in a qualitative and semi-quantitative manner as appropriate. The way forward would seem to require additional epidemiological studies, especially studies of low dose and low dose-rate occupational and perhaps environmental exposures and for exposures to x rays and high-LET radiations used in medicine. The development of models for more reliably combining the epidemiology data with experimental laboratory animal and cellular data can enhance the overall risk assessment approach by providing biologically refined data to strengthen the estimation of effects at low doses as opposed to the sole use of mathematical models of epidemiological data that are primarily driven by medium/high doses. NASA's approach to radiation protection for astronauts, although a unique occupational group, indicates the possible applicability of estimates of risk and their uncertainty in a broader context for developing recommendations on: (1) dose limits for occupational exposure and exposure of members of the public; (2) criteria to limit exposures of workers and members of the public to radon and its short-lived decay products; and (3) the dosimetric quantity (effective dose) used in radiation protection. C1 [Preston, R. Julian; Conolly, Rory] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Boice, John D., Jr.] Vanderbilt Univ Sch Med, Dept Med, Vanderbilt Ingram Canc Ctr, Nashville, TN 37240 USA. [Brill, A. Bertrand] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Med Ctr North S 1314, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Chakraborty, Ranajit] Univ N Texas, Inst Appl Genet, Hlth Sci Ctr, Ft Worth, TX 76107 USA. [Hoffman, F. Owen; Kocher, David C.] SENES Oak Ridge Inc, Ctr Risk Anal, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Hornung, Richard W.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Shore, Roy E.] Radiat Effects Res Fdn, Minami Ku, Hiroshima 7320815, Japan. [Woloschak, Gayle E.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. RP Preston, RJ (reprint author), US EPA, NHEERL MD B105 01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM preston.julian@epa.gov RI Brill, Aaron/H-3732-2014; Woloschak, Gayle/A-3799-2017 OI Brill, Aaron/0000-0001-7538-086X; Woloschak, Gayle/0000-0001-9209-8954 NR 77 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 35 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0952-4746 J9 J RADIOL PROT JI J. Radiol. Prot. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 33 IS 3 BP 573 EP 588 DI 10.1088/0952-4746/33/3/573 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 209MW UT WOS:000323762800004 PM 23803503 ER PT J AU Blum, LK Davey, E AF Blum, Linda K. Davey, Earl TI BELOW THE SALT MARSH SURFACE VISUALIZATION OF PLANT ROOTS BY COMPUTER-AIDED TOMOGRAPHY SO OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Editorial Material ID COASTAL MARSH; VEGETATION C1 [Blum, Linda K.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Davey, Earl] US Environm Protect Agcy, Off Res & Dev, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI USA. RP Blum, LK (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Clark Hall, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. EM lkb2e@virginia.edu NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC PI ROCKVILLE PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA SN 1042-8275 J9 OCEANOGRAPHY JI Oceanography PD SEP PY 2013 VL 26 IS 3 SI SI BP 85 EP 87 PG 3 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 210DD UT WOS:000323808600013 ER PT J AU Maestre, JP Wahman, DG Speitel, GE AF Maestre, Juan P. Wahman, David G. Speitel, Gerald E., Jr. TI Monochloramine cometabolism by Nitrosomonas europaea under drinking water conditions SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Monochloramine; Nitrification; Cometabolism; Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria; Drinking water; AQUASIM ID SOLUBLE MICROBIAL PRODUCTS; OXIDATION; BACTERIA; KINETICS; SYSTEMS; NITRITE AB Chloramine is widely used in United States drinking water systems as a secondary disinfectant, which may promote the growth of nitrifying bacteria because ammonia is present. At the onset of nitrification, both nitrifying bacteria and their products exert a monochloramine demand, decreasing the residual disinfectant concentration in water distribution systems. This work investigated another potentially significant mechanism for residual disinfectant loss: monochloramine cometabolism by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). Monochloramine cometabolism was studied with the pure culture AOB Nitrosomonas europaea (ATCC 19718) in batch kinetic experiments under drinking water conditions. Three batch reactors were used in each experiment: a positive control to estimate the ammonia kinetic parameters, a negative control to account for abiotic reactions, and a cometabolism reactor to estimate the cometabolism kinetic constants. Kinetic parameters were estimated in AQUASIM with a simultaneous fit to all experimental data. The cometabolism reactors showed a more rapid monochloramine decay than in the negative controls, demonstrating that cometabolism occurs. Cometabolism kinetics were best described by a pseudo first order model with a reductant term to account for ammonia availability. Monochloramine cometabolism kinetics were similar to those of ammonia metabolism, and monochloramine cometabolism was a significant loss mechanism (30-60% of the observed monochloramine decay). These results suggest that monochloramine cometabolism should occur in practice and may be a significant contribution to monochloramine decay during nitrification episodes in drinking water distribution systems. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Maestre, Juan P.; Speitel, Gerald E., Jr.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Wahman, David G.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Speitel, GE (reprint author), 301 E Dean Keeton St,Stop C2100, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM speitel@mail.utexas.edu OI Wahman, David/0000-0002-0167-8468 FU Water Research Foundation, Denver, CO, USA FX This research was funded by the Water Research Foundation, Denver, CO, USA. The USEPA collaborated in the research described herein. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency; therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 49 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 13 BP 4701 EP 4709 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.05.019 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 202SO UT WOS:000323240100048 PM 23770484 ER PT J AU Thorp, JH Flotemersch, JE Williams, BS Gabanski, LA AF Thorp, James H. Flotemersch, Joseph E. Williams, Bradley S. Gabanski, Laura A. TI Critical Role for hierarchical geospatial analyses in the design of fluvial research, assessment, and management SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Aquatic ecoregions; Functional process zones; GAP analysis; Hydrogeomorphic patches; Riverine ecosystem synthesis; Stream classification assessments ID LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY; RIVER CONTINUUM; DRYLAND RIVERS; STREAM FISHES; FRAMEWORK; ECOSYSTEM; SCALE; CLASSIFICATION; AUSTRALIA; WATER AB River science and management can be conducted at a range of spatiotemporal scales from reach to basin levels as long as the project goals and questions are matched correctly with the study design's spatiotemporal scales and dependent variables. These project goals should also incorporate information on the hydrogeomorphically patchy nature of riverine macrosystems which is only partially predictable in type and location from a river's headwaters to its terminus. This patchiness significantly affects a river's habitat template, and thus community structure, ecosystem function, and responses to perturbations. Our manuscript is designed for use by senior administrators at government agencies through entry-level river scientists. It analyzes common challenges in project design and recommends solutions based partially on hierarchical analyses that combine geographic information systems and multivariate statistical analysis to enable self-emergence of a stream's patchy structure. These approaches are useful at all spatial levels and can vary from primary reliance on geospatial techniques at the valley level to a greater dependence on field-based measurements and expert opinion at the reach level. Comparative uses of functional process zones (FPZs = valley-scale hydrogeomorphic patches), ecoregions, hydrologic unit codes, and reaches in project designs are discussed along with other comparative approaches for stream classification and analysis of species distributions (e.g., GAP analysis). Use of hierarchical classification of patch structure for sample stratification, reference site selection, ecosystem services, rehabilitation, and mitigation are briefly explored. C1 [Thorp, James H.; Williams, Bradley S.] Univ Kansas, Kansas Biol Survey, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA. [Thorp, James H.; Williams, Bradley S.] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA. [Flotemersch, Joseph E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Gabanski, Laura A.] US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Thorp, JH (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Kansas Biol Survey, Higuchi Hall,2101 Constant Ave, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA. EM thorp@ku.edu FU EPA student services contract FX Development of this article was aided by an EPA student services contract to BSW and an EPA "intermittent expert" contract to JHT as well as discussions and field results engendered by NSF DEB 0953744 to JHT. We appreciate the work of Dr. Martin Thoms and personnel in his Riverine Landscape Laboratory at the University of New England, Armidale, N.S.W., Australia for their pioneering work on ArcGIS analysis of the hydrogeomorphic structure of rivers. We thank Brad Autrey, Heather Golden, and Tony Olsen at EPA, and anonymous reviewers for comments on an earlier manuscript draft. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency nor the U.S. National Science Foundation. NR 61 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 50 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 EI 1573-2959 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 185 IS 9 BP 7165 EP 7180 DI 10.1007/s10661-013-3091-9 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 192LI UT WOS:000322485500006 PM 23361647 ER PT J AU Mohamoud, YM AF Mohamoud, Yusuf M. TI A method to assess soil erosion from smallholder farmers' fields SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Contour ridges; Number of broken ridges (NBRS); Soil erosion; Rainfall intensity; Smallholder farmers ID CONSERVATION; AFRICA AB Soil erosion by water is a major threat to sustainable food production systems in Africa. This study presents a qualitative soil erosion assessment method that links the number of broken ridges (NBRS) observed on a smallholder farmer's field after a rain event to factors of soil erosion (e.g., rainfall intensity, slope steepness, crop canopy height, and conservation practice) and to soil loss data measured from a runoff plot and receiving small streams. The assessment method consists of a rapid survey of smallholder farmers combined with field monitoring. Results show an indirect relationship between NBRS and factors of soil erosion. Results also show a direct relationship between NBRS and suspended sediment concentrations measured from an experimental runoff plot and receiving streams that drain the sub-watersheds where farmers' fields are located. Given the limited human and financial resources available to soil erosion research in developing countries, monitoring NBRS is a simple, cost-effective, and reliable erosion assessment method for regions where smallholder farmers practice contour ridging. C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Mohamoud, YM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM mohamoud.yusuf@epa.gov FU USAID Project - the Malawi Environmental Monitoring Project (MEMP) FX This research was supported by a USAID Project - the Malawi Environmental Monitoring Project (MEMP). The author is grateful to all the project staff who participated in the experiment including the University of Malawi students who helped in the data collection effort. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 185 IS 9 BP 7195 EP 7203 DI 10.1007/s10661-013-3093-7 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 192LI UT WOS:000322485500008 PM 23355023 ER PT J AU Williams, BS D'Amico, E Kastens, JH Thorp, JH Flotemersch, JE Thoms, MC AF Williams, Bradley S. D'Amico, Ellen Kastens, Jude H. Thorp, James H. Flotemersch, Joseph E. Thoms, Martin C. TI Automated riverine landscape characterization: GIS-based tools for watershed-scale research, assessment, and management SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Flood model; Functional process zone; Hydrogeomorphic; Riverine ecosystem synthesis; Patch; Scale ID GEOMORPHOLOGY; ECOSYSTEMS; STREAM; HYDROGEOMORPHOLOGY; CLASSIFICATION; CONTINUUM; FRAMEWORK; ECOLOGY; SYSTEMS; SCIENCE AB River systems consist of hydrogeomorphic patches (HPs) that emerge at multiple spatiotemporal scales. Functional process zones (FPZs) are HPs that exist at the river valley scale and are important strata for framing whole-watershed research questions and management plans. Hierarchical classification procedures aid in HP identification by grouping sections of river based on their hydrogeomorphic character; however, collecting data required for such procedures with field-based methods is often impractical. We developed a set of GIS-based tools that facilitate rapid, low cost riverine landscape characterization and FPZ classification. Our tools, termed RESonate, consist of a custom toolbox designed for ESRI ArcGISA (R). RESonate automatically extracts 13 hydrogeomorphic variables from readily available geospatial datasets and datasets derived from modeling procedures. An advanced 2D flood model, FLDPLN, designed for MATLABA (R) is used to determine valley morphology by systematically flooding river networks. When used in conjunction with other modeling procedures, RESonate and FLDPLN can assess the character of large river networks quickly and at very low costs. Here we describe tool and model functions in addition to their benefits, limitations, and applications. C1 [Williams, Bradley S.; Kastens, Jude H.; Thorp, James H.] Univ Kansas, Kansas Biol Survey, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA. [Williams, Bradley S.; Thorp, James H.] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA. [D'Amico, Ellen] US EPA, Dynamac Corp, Cincinnati, OH 45220 USA. [Flotemersch, Joseph E.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45220 USA. [Thoms, Martin C.] Univ New England, Sch Behav Cognit & Social Sci, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia. RP Williams, BS (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Kansas Biol Survey, Higuchi Hall,2101 Constant Ave, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA. EM BW0051@ku.edu OI Thoms, Martin/0000-0002-8074-0476 FU U.S. EPA; EPA-ORD; Kansas Academy of Sciences; NSF EPSCoR [EPS-0553722] FX This research was funded primarily by the U.S. EPA through a Student Services Contract to BSW, a consulting contract for JHT from EPA-ORD, and an EPA-NERL contract to JHK for modification of the FLDPLN model for use with RESonate. Additional funding was provided by a student grant from the Kansas Academy of Sciences and an NSF EPSCoR grant to the Kansas University Center for Research (EPS-0553722; Dr. Kristin Bowman-James, P. I.) to purchase a workstation computer. We thank the members of the Riverine Landscapes Research Laboratory at the University of Canberra in Australia for pioneering earlier versions of the FPZ classification procedure. Finally, we appreciate the assistance of Kevin Dobbs at the Kansas Applied Remote Sensing Program of KU in developing the tool for the FLDPLN model. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 71 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 EI 1573-2959 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 185 IS 9 BP 7485 EP 7499 DI 10.1007/s10661-013-3114-6 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 192LI UT WOS:000322485500029 PM 23435849 ER PT J AU Fernandez, L Sheriff, G AF Fernandez, Linda Sheriff, Glenn TI Optimal Border Policies for Invasive Species Under Asymmetric Information SO ENVIRONMENTAL & RESOURCE ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Asymmetric information; Inspection; Trade policy; Invasive species ID COUNTERVAILING INCENTIVES; BIOLOGICAL INVASION; ADVERSE SELECTION; MORAL HAZARD; PREVENTION; RISK AB This paper analyzes the problem faced by a border protection agency if endogenous exporter abatement activities affect invasive species risk, allowing for unobservable differences in abatement cost. We show how the optimal inspection/penalty regime differs from the symmetric information case. Departing from previous literature, we allow for technical assistance, a policy instrument specifically permitted and commonly employed under Article 9 of the World Trade Organization Sanitary and Phytosanitary Agreement. We find the information asymmetry can make it optimal for the importing country to provide technical assistance grants for exporter risk abatement, even if it would otherwise be inefficient. Further, we show that fungibility of technical assistance with inputs in other sectors of the exporting economy affects the qualitative nature of optimal policy. If technical assistance has no outside value in the exporter's country, optimal policy is characterized by a menu of contracts balancing higher tariffs with lower penalties for being caught with an invasive. If technical assistance can be used in other sectors of the exporter's economy, it can introduce countervailing incentives making a uniform tariff/penalty combination optimal. C1 [Fernandez, Linda] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Econ, Richmond, VA USA. [Sheriff, Glenn] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Sheriff, G (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, 1200 Penn Ave 1809T NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM lmfernandez@vcu.edu; sheriff.glenn@epa.gov OI Sheriff, Glenn/0000-0001-9642-5529 NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0924-6460 J9 ENVIRON RESOUR ECON JI Environ. Resour. Econ. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 56 IS 1 BP 27 EP 45 DI 10.1007/s10640-013-9637-z PG 19 WC Economics; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 208EA UT WOS:000323658400003 ER PT J AU Lytle, DA White, C Williams, D Koch, L Nauman, E AF Lytle, Darren A. White, Colin Williams, Daniel Koch, Lauren Nauman, Emily TI Innovative biological water treatment for the removal of elevated ammonia SO JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID DRINKING-WATER; NITRIFICATION AB The objective of this work was to demonstrate the effectiveness of a simple and innovative biological water treatment approach for removing 3.3 mg nitrogen (N) per litre of ammonia and iron from water using a pilot study conducted at a utility in Iowa. Biological water treatment can be an effective approach to addressing low ammonia levels; however, providing adequate oxygen to address source water ammonia levels greater than 1.5 mg/L N is challenging. The treatment consisted of a biological "contactor" combined with aeration, followed in series with a dual granular media filter. Orthophosphate was necessary to satisfy biological nutrient requirements, and maintaining near-saturated dissolved oxygen levels throughout the contactor was important. Many regions across the United States have elevated levels of ammonia in their groundwater as a result of natural and agricultural sources. Although ammonia in drinking water does not pose a direct health concern, nitrification (i.e., the conversion of ammonia to nitrite and nitrate by bacteria in the presence of oxygen) of ammonia in the drinking water distribution system may. C1 [Lytle, Darren A.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Lytle, DA (reprint author), US EPA, 26 Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM lytle.darren@epa.gov NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 22 PU AMER WATER WORKS ASSOC PI DENVER PA 6666 W QUINCY AVE, DENVER, CO 80235 USA SN 2164-4535 J9 J AM WATER WORKS ASS JI J. Am. Water Work Assoc. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 105 IS 9 BP 87 EP 88 PG 2 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 209YG UT WOS:000323795900017 ER PT J AU Baxter, LK Duvall, RM Sacks, J AF Baxter, Lisa K. Duvall, Rachelle M. Sacks, Jason TI Examining the effects of air pollution composition on within region differences in PM2.5 mortality risk estimates SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE air pollution composition; PM2.5 mortality risk estimates; source apportionment ID FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; ASSOCIATION AB Multi-city population-based epidemiological studies have observed significant heterogeneity in both the magnitude and direction of city-specific risk estimates, but tended to focus on regional differences in PM2.5 mortality risk estimates. Interpreting differences in risk estimates is complicated by city-to-city heterogeneity observed within regions due to city-to-city variations in the PM2.5 composition and the concentration of gaseous pollutants. We evaluate whether variations in PM2.5 composition and gaseous pollutant concentrations have a role in explaining the heterogeneity in PM2.5 mortality risk estimates observed in 27 US cities from 1997 to 2002. Within each region, we select the two cities with the largest and smallest mortality risk estimate. We compare for each region the within-and between-city concentrations and correlations of PM2.5 constituents and gaseous pollutants. We also attempt to identify source factors through principal component analysis (PCA) for each city. The results of this analysis indicate that identifying a PM constituent(s) that explains the differences in the PM2.5 mortality risk estimates is not straightforward. The difference in risk estimates between cities in the same region may be attributed to a group of pollutants, possibly those related to local sources such as traffic. C1 [Baxter, Lisa K.; Duvall, Rachelle M.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Sacks, Jason] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Baxter, LK (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail Drop E205-2, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM baxter.lisa@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 30 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 23 IS 5 BP 457 EP 465 DI 10.1038/jes.2012.114 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 204SN UT WOS:000323389300002 PM 23250195 ER PT J AU Kim, SY Sheppard, L Hannigan, MP Dutton, SJ Peel, JL Clark, ML Vedal, S AF Kim, Sun-Young Sheppard, Lianne Hannigan, Michael P. Dutton, Steven J. Peel, Jennifer L. Clark, Maggie L. Vedal, Sverre TI The sensitivity of health effect estimates from time-series studies to fine particulate matter component sampling schedule SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chemical component; hospital admission; particulate matter; sampling schedule; Speciation Trend Network; time-series study ID AIR-POLLUTION; MORTALITY; HOSPITALIZATIONS; CONSTITUENTS; DENVER; IMPACT AB The US Environmental Protection Agency air pollution monitoring data have been a valuable resource commonly used for investigating the associations between short-term exposures to PM2.5 chemical components and human health. However, the temporally sparse sampling on every third or sixth day may affect health effect estimation. We examined the impact of non-daily monitoring data on health effect estimates using daily data from the Denver Aerosol Sources and Health (DASH) study. Daily concentrations of four PM2.5 chemical components (elemental and organic carbon, sulfate, and nitrate) and hospital admission counts from 2003 through 2007 were used. Three every-third-day time series were created from the daily DASH monitoring data, imitating the US Speciation Trend Network (STN) monitoring schedule. A fourth, partly irregular, every-third-day time series was created by matching existing sampling days at a nearby STN monitor. Relative risks (RRs) of hospital admissions for PM2.5 components at lags 0-3 were estimated for each data set, adjusting for temperature, relative humidity, longer term temporal trends, and day of week using generalized additive models, and compared across different sampling schedules. The estimated RRs varied somewhat between the non-daily and daily sampling schedules and between the four non-daily schedules, and in some instances could lead to different conclusions. It was not evident which features of the data or analysis were responsible for the variation in effect estimates, although seeing similar variability in resampled data sets with relaxation of the every-third-day constraint suggests that limited power may have had a role. The use of non-daily monitoring data can influence interpretation of estimated effects of PM2.5 components on hospital admissions in time-series studies. C1 [Kim, Sun-Young; Sheppard, Lianne; Vedal, Sverre] Univ Washington, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Sheppard, Lianne] Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Hannigan, Michael P.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Dutton, Steven J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Peel, Jennifer L.; Clark, Maggie L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Kim, SY (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE,Suite 100, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. EM puha0@uw.edu FU NIEHS [R01 ES010197] FX This work was supported by the NIEHS research grant R01 ES010197. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 22 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2013 VL 23 IS 5 BP 481 EP 486 DI 10.1038/jes.2013.28 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 204SN UT WOS:000323389300005 PM 23673462 ER PT J AU Roberts, SA Lawrence, MS Klimczak, LJ Grimm, SA Fargo, D Stojanov, P Kiezun, A Kryukov, GV Carter, SL Saksena, G Harris, S Shah, RR Resnick, MA Getz, G Gordenin, DA AF Roberts, Steven A. Lawrence, Michael S. Klimczak, Leszek J. Grimm, Sara A. Fargo, David Stojanov, Petar Kiezun, Adam Kryukov, Gregory V. Carter, Scott L. Saksena, Gordon Harris, Shawn Shah, Ruchir R. Resnick, Michael A. Getz, Gad Gordenin, Dmitry A. TI An APOBEC cytidine deaminase mutagenesis pattern is widespread in human cancers SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID DNA-POLYMERASE-ZETA; SINGLE-STRANDED-DNA; BREAST-CANCER; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; SOMATIC MUTATIONS; PROSTATE-CANCER; GENOMIC DNA; IN-VIVO; CELLS AB Recent studies indicate that a subclass of APOBEC cytidine deaminases, which convert cytosine to uracil during RNA editing and retrovirus or retrotransposon restriction, may induce mutation clusters in human tumors. We show here that throughout cancer genomes APOBEC-mediated mutagenesis is pervasive and correlates with APOBEC mRNA levels. Mutation clusters in whole-genome and exome data sets conformed to the stringent criteria indicative of an APOBEC mutation pattern. Applying these criteria to 954,247 mutations in 2,680 exomes from 14 cancer types, mostly from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), showed a significant presence of the APOBEC mutation pattern in bladder, cervical, breast, head and neck, and lung cancers, reaching 68% of all mutations in some samples. Within breast cancer, the HER2-enriched subtype was clearly enriched for tumors with the APOBEC mutation pattern, suggesting that this type of mutagenesis is functionally linked with cancer development. The APOBEC mutation pattern also extended to cancer-associated genes, implying that ubiquitous APOBEC-mediated mutagenesis is carcinogenic. C1 [Roberts, Steven A.; Resnick, Michael A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Genet Lab, Durham, NC USA. [Lawrence, Michael S.; Stojanov, Petar; Kiezun, Adam; Kryukov, Gregory V.; Carter, Scott L.; Saksena, Gordon; Getz, Gad] Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA. [Klimczak, Leszek J.; Grimm, Sara A.; Fargo, David] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Durham, NC USA. [Kryukov, Gregory V.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Harris, Shawn; Shah, Ruchir R.] SRA Int Inc, Durham, NC USA. [Getz, Gad] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Ctr Canc, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Getz, Gad] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Gordenin, DA (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Genet Lab, Durham, NC USA. EM gadgetz@broadinstitute.org; gordenin@niehs.nih.gov RI Kryukov, Gregory/A-9592-2008; OI Gordenin, Dmitry/0000-0002-8399-1836 FU Intramural Research Program of the US National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [ES065073, GS-23F-9806H, HHSN273201000086U]; National Human Genome Research Institute [U54HG003067] FX We would like to thank J. Taylor, P. Wade and D. Zaykin for helpful discussions and critical reading of the manuscript. The results published here are in part based on data generated by the TCGA project established by the National Cancer Institute and the National Human Genome Research Institute (database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP) accession phs000178.v8.p7). The work was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the US National Institutes of Health, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (project ES065073 to M.A.R.; contract GS-23F-9806H and order HHSN273201000086U to R.R.S.) and by the National Human Genome Research Institute (grant U54HG003067 to G.G.). NR 51 TC 235 Z9 239 U1 4 U2 30 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1061-4036 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 45 IS 9 BP 970 EP + DI 10.1038/ng.2702 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 209ID UT WOS:000323748200005 PM 23852170 ER PT J AU Dirac, MA Weigel, KM Yakrus, MA Becker, AL Chen, HL Fridley, G Sikora, A Speake, C Hilborn, ED Pfaller, S Cangelosi, GA AF Dirac, M. Ashworth Weigel, Kris M. Yakrus, Mitchell A. Becker, Annie L. Chen, Hui-Ling Fridley, Gina Sikora, Arthur Speake, Cate Hilborn, Elizabeth D. Pfaller, Stacy Cangelosi, Gerard A. TI Shared Mycobacterium avium Genotypes Observed among Unlinked Clinical and Environmental Isolates SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; NONTUBERCULOUS MYCOBACTERIA; SP-NOV.; INTRACELLULARE COMPLEX; SUBSP HOMINISSUIS; GENETIC VARIANT; STRAINS; IS1245; TUBERCULOSIS; INFECTION AB Our understanding of the sources of Mycobacterium avium infection is partially based on genotypic matching of pathogen isolates from cases and environmental sources. These approaches assume that genotypic identity is rare in isolates from unlinked cases or sources. To test this assumption, a high-resolution PCR-based genotyping approach, large-sequence polymorphism (LSP)-mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable-number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR), was selected and used to analyze clinical and environmental isolates of M. avium from geographically diverse sources. Among 127 clinical isolates from seven locations in North America, South America, and Europe, 42 genotypes were observed. Among 12 of these genotypes, matches were seen in isolates from apparently unlinked patients in two or more geographic locations. Six of the 12 were also observed in environmental isolates. A subset of these isolates was further analyzed by alternative strain genotyping methods, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and MIRU-VNTR, which confirmed the existence of geographically dispersed strain genotypes. These results suggest that caution should be exercised in interpreting high-resolution genotypic matches as evidence for an acquisition event. C1 [Dirac, M. Ashworth; Weigel, Kris M.; Becker, Annie L.; Chen, Hui-Ling; Sikora, Arthur; Speake, Cate; Cangelosi, Gerard A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Dirac, M. Ashworth; Weigel, Kris M.; Becker, Annie L.; Chen, Hui-Ling; Fridley, Gina; Sikora, Arthur; Speake, Cate; Cangelosi, Gerard A.] Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Yakrus, Mitchell A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hilborn, Elizabeth D.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Pfaller, Stacy] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Dirac, MA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM madirac@uw.edu; gcang@uw.edu OI Weigel, Kris/0000-0003-3199-2148 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [FP-91695601, 833030010]; Medical Scientist Training Program (National Research Service Award from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences) [T32 GM07266] FX This publication was developed under a STAR Research Assistance Agreement (no. FP-91695601) and a Collaborative Agreement (no. 833030010) awarded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Additional funding was provided to M. A. D. by the Medical Scientist Training Program (T32 GM07266, a National Research Service Award from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences). NR 45 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 79 IS 18 BP 5601 EP 5607 DI 10.1128/AEM.01443-13 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 205DO UT WOS:000323421900021 PM 23851084 ER PT J AU DeMarini, D AF DeMarini, D. TI International Activities for Assessing and Evaluating Agents As Human Germ-Cell Mutagens. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagenesis-and-Genomics-Society (EMGS) CY SEP 21-25, 2013 CL Monterey, CA SP Environm Mutagenesis & Genom Soc (EMGS) C1 [DeMarini, D.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 54 SU 1 BP S15 EP S15 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 205FV UT WOS:000323429400012 ER PT J AU Gibbons, CF Newhouse, KM AF Gibbons, C. F. Newhouse, K. M. TI The Use of Mechanistic Data in the Weight of Evidence Evaluation of the Carcinogenicity of Benzo[a]pyrene. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagenesis-and-Genomics-Society (EMGS) CY SEP 21-25, 2013 CL Monterey, CA SP Environm Mutagenesis & Genom Soc (EMGS) C1 [Gibbons, C. F.; Newhouse, K. M.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 54 SU 1 BP S55 EP S55 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 205FV UT WOS:000323429400171 ER PT J AU Guyton, KZ Jinot, J Hogan, KA Gwinn, MR Dzubow, RC Chiu, WA AF Guyton, K. Z. Jinot, J. Hogan, K. A. Gwinn, M. R. Dzubow, R. C. Chiu, W. A. TI Human Health Risk Assessment Perspectives SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagenesis-and-Genomics-Society (EMGS) CY SEP 21-25, 2013 CL Monterey, CA SP Environm Mutagenesis & Genom Soc (EMGS) C1 [Guyton, K. Z.; Jinot, J.; Hogan, K. A.; Gwinn, M. R.; Chiu, W. A.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Dzubow, R. C.] US EPA, Off Childrens Hlth Protect, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 54 SU 1 BP S22 EP S22 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 205FV UT WOS:000323429400040 ER PT J AU Hobbs, CA Mercado-Feliciano, M Cora, MC McIntyre, BS Stout, MD Foster, PM Shepard, KG Swartz, CD Garantziotis, S Witt, KL Smith-Roe, SL AF Hobbs, C. A. Mercado-Feliciano, M. Cora, M. C. McIntyre, B. S. Stout, M. D. Foster, P. M. Shepard, K. G. Swartz, C. D. Garantziotis, S. Witt, K. L. Smith-Roe, S. L. TI Black Cohosh Extract is Genotoxic in Rodents and Induces Hematological Changes Associated with Disruption of Folate Metabolism SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagenesis-and-Genomics-Society (EMGS) CY SEP 21-25, 2013 CL Monterey, CA SP Environm Mutagenesis & Genom Soc (EMGS) C1 [Hobbs, C. A.; Shepard, K. G.; Swartz, C. D.] ILS Inc, Genet & Mol Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Mercado-Feliciano, M.; Cora, M. C.; McIntyre, B. S.; Stout, M. D.; Foster, P. M.; Witt, K. L.; Smith-Roe, S. L.] NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Garantziotis, S.] NIEHS, Clin Res Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Mercado-Feliciano, M.] US EPA, Div Hlth Effects, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RI Garantziotis, Stavros/A-6903-2009 OI Garantziotis, Stavros/0000-0003-4007-375X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 54 SU 1 BP S27 EP S27 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 205FV UT WOS:000323429400059 ER PT J AU Keshava, N Woodall, G Keshava, C Reinhart, P AF Keshava, N. Woodall, G. Keshava, C. Reinhart, P. TI Considering Mutagenicity and Genotoxicity in the Cancer Mode-of-Action for Naphthalene, Styrene and Ethylbenzene SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagenesis-and-Genomics-Society (EMGS) CY SEP 21-25, 2013 CL Monterey, CA SP Environm Mutagenesis & Genom Soc (EMGS) C1 [Keshava, N.; Woodall, G.; Keshava, C.; Reinhart, P.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RI Woodall, George/M-5658-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 54 SU 1 BP S45 EP S45 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 205FV UT WOS:000323429400131 ER PT J AU Kligerman, A AF Kligerman, A. TI Arsenic Is a Genotoxic Carcinogen SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagenesis-and-Genomics-Society (EMGS) CY SEP 21-25, 2013 CL Monterey, CA SP Environm Mutagenesis & Genom Soc (EMGS) C1 [Kligerman, A.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 54 SU 1 BP S44 EP S44 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 205FV UT WOS:000323429400129 ER PT J AU Knudsen, T Allard, P AF Knudsen, T. Allard, P. TI Validating Novel Genetic Strategies for the Rapid Assessment of Environmental Perturbation of Germline Integrity. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagenesis-and-Genomics-Society (EMGS) CY SEP 21-25, 2013 CL Monterey, CA SP Environm Mutagenesis & Genom Soc (EMGS) C1 [Knudsen, T.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Allard, P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 54 SU 1 BP S35 EP S35 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 205FV UT WOS:000323429400094 ER PT J AU Mutlu, E Warren, S Matthews, P King, C Ross, J Schmid, J Kligerman, A Nash, D Linak, W Gilmour, I DeMarini, D AF Mutlu, E. Warren, S. Matthews, P. King, C. Ross, J. Schmid, J. Kligerman, A. Nash, D. Linak, W. Gilmour, I DeMarini, D. TI Bioassay-Directed Fractionation of Petroleum Diesel and Soy Biodiesel Exhaust Particles for Mutagenicity and Chemical Composition. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagenesis-and-Genomics-Society (EMGS) CY SEP 21-25, 2013 CL Monterey, CA SP Environm Mutagenesis & Genom Soc (EMGS) C1 [Mutlu, E.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Mutlu, E.; Warren, S.; Matthews, P.; King, C.; Ross, J.; Schmid, J.; Kligerman, A.; Linak, W.; Gilmour, I; DeMarini, D.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Nash, D.] ARCADIS, Durham, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 54 SU 1 BP S50 EP S50 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 205FV UT WOS:000323429400153 ER PT J AU Nath, R Vulimiri, S Pachkowski, B Sonawane, B AF Nath, R. Vulimiri, S. Pachkowski, B. Sonawane, B. TI Evidence for Genotoxicity and Mutagenicity of Formaldehyde SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagenesis-and-Genomics-Society (EMGS) CY SEP 21-25, 2013 CL Monterey, CA SP Environm Mutagenesis & Genom Soc (EMGS) C1 [Nath, R.; Vulimiri, S.; Pachkowski, B.; Sonawane, B.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Pachkowski, B.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 54 SU 1 BP S45 EP S45 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 205FV UT WOS:000323429400134 ER PT J AU Plewa, MJ Osiol, J Wagner, ED Duirk, SE Richardson, SD Ternes, TA AF Plewa, M. J. Osiol, J. Wagner, E. D. Duirk, S. E. Richardson, S. D. Ternes, T. A. TI Generation of Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Iodinated Drinking Water Disinfection Byproducts from X-ray Contrast Pharmaceuticals SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagenesis-and-Genomics-Society (EMGS) CY SEP 21-25, 2013 CL Monterey, CA SP Environm Mutagenesis & Genom Soc (EMGS) C1 [Plewa, M. J.; Osiol, J.; Wagner, E. D.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Duirk, S. E.] Univ Akron, Akron, OH 44325 USA. [Richardson, S. D.] US EPA, Athens, GA USA. [Ternes, T. A.] Bundesanstalt Gewasserkunde, Koblenz, Germany. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 54 SU 1 BP S43 EP S43 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 205FV UT WOS:000323429400126 ER PT J AU Pratt, MM Rice, G Teuschler, LK Gehlhaus, M McClure, P Stickney, JA Carlson-Lynch, H Flowers, L AF Pratt, M. M. Rice, G. Teuschler, L. K. Gehlhaus, M. McClure, P. Stickney, J. A. Carlson-Lynch, H. Flowers, L. TI Invoking the Transitive Property to Estimate Relative Potency Factors (RPFs) in Complex Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) Mixtures. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagenesis-and-Genomics-Society (EMGS) CY SEP 21-25, 2013 CL Monterey, CA SP Environm Mutagenesis & Genom Soc (EMGS) C1 [Pratt, M. M.; Rice, G.; Teuschler, L. K.; Gehlhaus, M.; Flowers, L.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [McClure, P.; Stickney, J. A.; Carlson-Lynch, H.] SRC Inc, Rochester, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 54 SU 1 BP S54 EP S54 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 205FV UT WOS:000323429400169 ER PT J AU Smucker, NJ Vis, ML AF Smucker, Nathan J. Vis, Morgan L. TI Can pollution severity affect diatom succession in streams and could it matter for stream assessments? SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE water quality; acid mine drainage (AMD); multimetric index; periphyton; biodiversity; biomonitoring ID ACID-MINE DRAINAGE; PERIPHYTON COMMUNITIES; BIOTIC INTEGRITY; WATER-QUALITY; UNITED-STATES; DYNAMICS; RIVERS; INDEX; ENVIRONMENTS; NUTRIENTS AB While the succession of benthic diatoms on scoured substrata has been widely studied to better understand community recovery from high flow disturbances, how anthropogenic stressors affect this common and dynamic process has received little attention; yet, it could have consequences for bioassessment and subsequent management decisions. Our objectives were to examine if the severity of acid mine drainage (AMD), a stressor of common concern in several countries, affected patterns of community development, diversity, and stream assessment outcomes (based on diatom metrics and indices) when diatoms are sampled during succession. In southeastern Ohio (USA), we deployed unglazed ceramic tiles in three streams along an AMD-impact gradient and in a control stream with no upstream AMD sources, and we sampled diatoms on days 5, 12, 19, 26, and 33. Diatom diversity decreased as AMD severity increased. In more severely AMD-impacted streams, diatom succession was simplified with less community turnover during the 33-day study than the least impacted AMD stream and control stream. Variability in community structure, diversity, and index scores was greatest at the least impacted AMD site. This stream was misclassified during succession by the Diatom Model Affinity index (severely impaired, then unimpaired, then ultimately moderately impaired) and the AMD - Diatom Index of Biotic Integrity (fair condition, then ultimately good condition). The control stream and the two more severely AMD-impacted streams were never misclassified during succession. Severe pollution may reduce niche availability by overriding effects of other environmental gradients important to diatoms (e.g., light and nutrients). The variability at intermediate stressor levels might lead to misclassification and misdirected management decisions if care is not taken to ensure a community has fully recovered from disturbance. C1 [Smucker, Nathan J.; Vis, Morgan L.] Ohio Univ, Dept Environm & Plant Biol, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Smucker, Nathan J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Smucker, NJ (reprint author), Ohio Univ, Dept Environm & Plant Biol, Athens, OH 45701 USA. EM smucker.nathan@epa.gov FU Phycological Society of America; Ohio Biological Survey; Ohio University: Ohio Center for Ecology and Evolutionary Studies FX Funding for this research was provided by a Phycological Society of America Grant-In-Aid of Research, the Ohio Biological Survey, and Ohio University: Ohio Center for Ecology and Evolutionary Studies Fellowship, Clippinger Fellowship, and a Graduate Student Senate Grant. The authors thank Alex VandenBroek, Sam Drerup, and Justin Pool for assistance with sampling. Comments on an earlier draft by Jared DeForest, Kelly Johnson, and Brian McCarthy are also appreciated. Portions of this research were completed by NJS while being an employee of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on his own time. It was conducted independent of EPA employment and has not been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review. Therefore, the conclusions and opinions drawn are solely those of the authors and are not necessarily the views of the Agency. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 56 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0270-5060 J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL JI J. Freshw. Ecol. PD SEP 1 PY 2013 VL 28 IS 3 BP 329 EP 338 DI 10.1080/02705060.2013.764356 PG 10 WC Ecology; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 202TH UT WOS:000323242000003 ER PT J AU DeMarini, DM AF DeMarini, David M. TI Genotoxicity biomarkers associated with exposure to traffic and near-road atmospheres: a review SO MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Review ID URBAN AIR-POLLUTION; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGE; OXIDATIVE DNA-DAMAGE; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES; DIESEL EXHAUST INHALATION; BUS MAINTENANCE WORKERS; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; MICRONUCLEUS ASSAY; VEHICULAR EXHAUST AB Diesel and gasoline emissions, which are the primary components of traffic exhaust, are known or possible human carcinogens, respectively, and working or living near high-traffic roads is associated with various health effects, including cancer. To help understand the mechanistic basis for this observation, the present article reviews 63 studies on genotoxicity biomarkers in traffic-exposed subjects, with office workers being the typical control subjects. The six primary biomarkers used in these studies were the traditional cytogenetic end points, chromosome aberrations (CAs), micronucleus (MN) and sister chromatid exchange, and the standard molecular end points for DNA damage, P-32-postlabeling, the comet assay and urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine. These six assays accounted for 74 of the 87 biomarker assessments reported in the studies; all six effectively distinguished traffic-exposed from control populations, giving an average 89% positive results among exposed versus control subjects. In addition, three genomic biomarkers effectively distinguished between the exposed and control populations; these assays measured changes in gene expression, leukocyte telomere length and DNA methylation. Nearly half of all of the studies included exposure assessments involving blood (primarily protein adducts), urine (primarily 1-hydroxypyrene) or air (primarily polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons); these assays distinguished the exposed from the control subjects for the vast majority of the studies. All but three of the 63 reports were environmental studies that investigated 18 general exposure categories, such as traffic police and automobile/bus mechanics. The studies were performed in 20 countries; however, nearly all of the environmental studies were performed in Europe and Asia, with only one each from Africa, North America and South America. Given that several of the biomarkers are associated with increased cancer risk, including CAs, MNs and altered telomere length, the data reviewed here provide strong mechanistic support for the ability of chronic exposure to traffic exhaust to increase cancer risk. C1 US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP DeMarini, DM (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, B105-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM demarini.david@epa.gov FU National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory; Office of Research and Development; US Environmental Protection Agency; Research Triangle Park, NC FX This work was supported by the intramural research program of the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. NR 83 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 66 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0267-8357 J9 MUTAGENESIS JI Mutagenesis PD SEP PY 2013 VL 28 IS 5 BP 485 EP 505 DI 10.1093/mutage/get042 PG 21 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 205EP UT WOS:000323425500001 PM 23945473 ER PT J AU McKinney, RA Raposa, KB AF McKinney, Richard A. Raposa, Kenneth B. TI Factors influencing expanded use of urban marine habitats by foraging wading birds SO URBAN ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID NESTING GREAT EGRETS; SNOWY EGRETS; SALT MARSHES; PREY AVAILABILITY; CHESAPEAKE BAY; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; LAND-USE; COASTAL; DISTURBANCE; SELECTION AB Urban marine habitats are often utilized by wildlife for foraging and other activities despite surrounding anthropogenic impact or disturbance. However little is known of the ecological factors that determine habitat value of these and other remnant natural habitats. We examined the preferential use of urban marine habitats in a northeast US estuary to try to elucidate the factors driving enhanced foraging activity at these sites. Using a bioenergetic model, we compared energy intake to energy expenditure and examined differences in behavior and foraging success of great egrets Ardea alba at three urban and three rural salt marshes in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island USA. Mean per site available nekton energy averaged 4.44 +/- 0.97 GJ site(-1) and was significantly higher at urban than at rural sites. While energy expenditure by birds was similar across all sites, mean strike and prey capture rate were significantly greater at urban sites, and 70.1 +/- 12.2 % of strikes by egrets at urban sites were successful. Egrets foraging at urban sites consumed significantly more energy (23.2 +/- 6.62 W bird(-1)) than those at rural sites. Model results indicated a net energy gain by egrets foraging at urban sites, versus a net energy loss at rural sites. Our results may help explain previously observed increases in the numbers of egrets foraging at urban marine habitats, and help provide input into decisions about the extent to which these areas should be considered for restoration or protection. RP McKinney, RA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM mckinney.rick@epa.gov OI McKinney, Richard/0000-0003-4722-3829 NR 77 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 42 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1083-8155 EI 1573-1642 J9 URBAN ECOSYST JI Urban Ecosyst. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 16 IS 3 BP 411 EP 426 DI 10.1007/s11252-012-0274-z PG 16 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Urban Studies SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Urban Studies GA 202MK UT WOS:000323220800002 ER PT J AU Fang, F Al-Chalabi, A Ronnevi, LO Turner, MR Wirdefeldt, K Kamel, F Ye, WM AF Fang, Fang Al-Chalabi, Ammar Ronnevi, Lars-Olof Turner, Martin R. Wirdefeldt, Karin Kamel, Freya Ye, Weimin TI Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and cancer: A register-based study in Sweden SO AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS AND FRONTOTEMPORAL DEGENERATION LA English DT Article DE Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; cancer; melanoma; odds ratio; relative risk ID MOTOR-NEURON DISEASE; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; RISK-FACTOR; DIAGNOSIS; METAANALYSIS; SMOKING AB Comorbidity of cancer with ALS has been studied previously. Detailed description of the temporal relationship between cancer and ALS is, however, lacking. We conducted a nested case-control study of ALS in Sweden during 1987-2009, including 5481 cases of ALS identified from the Swedish Patient Register and 27,405 controls randomly selected from the general Swedish population. Odds ratios (ORs) for association of ALS with previous cancer diagnosis and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of cancer after diagnosis were calculated to compare ALS patients with ALS-free individuals. Overall, a previous cancer diagnosis was not associated with subsequent risk of ALS (OR 1.00; 95% CI 0.91-1.10). No overall association was observed for any specific cancer type. An increased risk of ALS was observed during the first year after cancer diagnosis (OR 1.50; 95% CI 1.17-1.92). In contrast, a lower risk of cancer was observed in ALS patients after diagnosis compared with ALS-free individuals (IRR 0.84; 95% CI 0.69-1.02). The risk reduction was seen primarily two or more years after ALS diagnosis (IRR 0.64; 95% CI 0.45-0.88). Our results provide no evidence for comorbidity of cancer and ALS overall. Surveillance biases seem the most likely explanation for the limited associations detected. C1 [Fang, Fang; Wirdefeldt, Karin; Ye, Weimin] Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. [Ronnevi, Lars-Olof; Wirdefeldt, Karin] Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. [Al-Chalabi, Ammar] Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat, MRC, Ctr Neurodegenerat Res, London, England. [Turner, Martin R.] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Clin Neurosci, Oxford, England. [Kamel, Freya] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Fang, F (reprint author), Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Box 281, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. EM fang.fang@ki.se RI Al-Chalabi, Ammar/E-5361-2010; OI Al-Chalabi, Ammar/0000-0002-4924-7712; Fang, Fang/0000-0002-3310-6456; Kamel, Freya/0000-0001-5052-6615; Turner, Martin/0000-0003-0267-3180 FU Swedish Research Council; Swedish Society for Medical Research FX This study was supported by Swedish Research Council grants (F. F. and W. Y.) and the Swedish Society for Medical Research (F. F.). NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 2167-8421 J9 AMYOTROPH LA SCL FR JI Amyotroph. Lateral Scher. Frontotemp. Degenerat. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 14 IS 5-6 BP 362 EP 368 DI 10.3109/21678421.2013.775309 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 196NR UT WOS:000322782800007 PM 23527497 ER PT J AU Bushon, RN Francy, DS Gallardo, VJ Lindquist, HDA Villegas, EN Ware, MW AF Bushon, Rebecca N. Francy, Donna S. Gallardo, Vicente J. Lindquist, H. D. Alan Villegas, Eric N. Ware, Michael W. TI Reply to "Ranking Filter Methods for Concentrating Pathogens in Lake Water" SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID ADENOVIRUSES; NOROVIRUSES C1 [Bushon, Rebecca N.; Francy, Donna S.] US Geol Survey, Ohio Water Sci Ctr, Columbus, OH USA. [Gallardo, Vicente J.; Lindquist, H. D. Alan] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Villegas, Eric N.; Ware, Michael W.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Francy, DS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ohio Water Sci Ctr, Columbus, OH USA. EM dsfrancy@usgs.gov RI Villegas, Eric/A-7373-2015 OI Villegas, Eric/0000-0002-8059-8588 NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 79 IS 17 BP 5420 EP 5421 DI 10.1128/AEM.01559-13 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 197CZ UT WOS:000322828100040 PM 23926087 ER PT J AU Wickham, JD Flather, CH AF Wickham, James D. Flather, Curtis H. TI Integrating biodiversity and drinking water protection goals through geographic analysis SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article DE At-risk species; conservation planning; ecosystem services; geographic information system; protected lands; urbanization ID UNITED-STATES; CONSERVATION; DIVERSITY; RICHNESS; AREAS AB Aim Biodiversity and drinking water share a common interest in land conservation. Our objective was to identify where that common interest occurs geographically to inform conservation planning. Location The study focused on 2112 eight-digit hydrologic units (watersheds) occurring in the conterminous United States. Methods Data on aquatic-dependent species occurrence, drinking water intakes, protected land status and land cover change were compiled for each watershed. We compared these four datasets after defining 'hotspots' based on attribute-specific thresholds that included (1) the 90th percentile of at-risk aquatic biodiversity, (2) with and without drinking water intakes, (3) above and below the median percentage of protected land and (4) increase in urban land above and below a 1% threshold between 2001 and 2006. Geographic intersections were used to address a number of questions relevant to conservation planning including the following: What watersheds important to aquatic biodiversity are also important to drinking water? Which watersheds with a shared stake in biodiversity and drinking water protection have inadequate land protection? Which watersheds with potentially inadequate amounts of protected lands are also undergoing relatively rapid urbanization? Results Over 60% of the watersheds that were determined to be aquatic biodiversity hotspots also had drinking water intakes, and approximately 50% of these watersheds had less than the United States median amount of protected land. A total of seven watersheds were found to have shared aquatic biodiversity/drinking water values, relatively low proportions of protected lands and a relatively high rate of urbanization. The majority of these watershed occurred in the south-eastern United States, with secondary occurrences in California. Main conclusions Geographic analysis of multiple ecosystem services can identify areas of shared land conservation interest. Locations where ecosystem commodities and species conservation overlap has the potential to increase stakeholder buy-in and leverage scarce resources to conserve land that, in this case study, protects both biodiversity and drinking water. C1 [Wickham, James D.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Flather, Curtis H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Wickham, JD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Lab, Off Res & Dev, MD 243-05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM wickham.james@epa.gov RI Flather, Curtis/G-3577-2012 OI Flather, Curtis/0000-0002-0623-3126 FU US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to agency review and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency. We also wish to thank Jason McNees, Conservation Data Analyst, for his assistance in querying the NatureServe databases and Megan Mehaffey and the anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comments on earlier versions of the paper. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 33 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1366-9516 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 19 IS 9 BP 1198 EP 1207 DI 10.1111/ddi.12103 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 201EK UT WOS:000323123300010 ER PT J AU Lewis, M Pryor, R AF Lewis, Michael Pryor, Rachel TI Toxicities of oils, dispersants and dispersed oils to algae and aquatic plants: Review and database value to resource sustainability SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Review DE Review; Phytotoxicity; Oils; Dispersants; Algae; Wetland plants; Mangroves; Seagrasses ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; EARLY-LIFE STAGES; SALT-MARSH GRASS; 2 FUEL-OIL; ARCTIC MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON; MANGROVE AVICENNIA-MARINA; LOUISIANA CRUDE-OIL; GOLDEN-BROWN ALGAE; AMOCO-CADIZ OIL; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA AB Phytotoxicity results are reviewed for oils, dispersants and dispersed oils. The phytotoxicity database consists largely of results from a patchwork of reactive research conducted after oil spills to marine waters. Toxicity information is available for at least 41 crude oils and 56 dispersants. As many as 107 response parameters have been monitored for 85 species of unicellular and multicellular algae, 28 wetland plants, 13 mangroves and 9 seagrasses. Effect concentrations have varied by as much as six orders of magnitude due to experimental diversity. This diversity restricts phytotoxicity predictions and identification of sensitive species, life stages and response parameters. As a result, evidence-based risk assessments for most aquatic plants and petrochemicals and dispersants are not supported by the current toxicity database. A proactive and experimentally-consistent approach is recommended to provide threshold toxic effect concentrations for sensitive life stages of aquatic plants inhabiting diverse ecosystems. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lewis, Michael; Pryor, Rachel] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Lewis, M (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM lewis.michael@epa.gov NR 258 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 9 U2 213 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 EI 1873-6424 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 180 BP 345 EP 367 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.05.001 PG 23 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 191PO UT WOS:000322425300046 PM 23770072 ER PT J AU Suter, GW AF Suter, Glenn W., II TI Review papers are important and worth writing SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TOXICITY C1 US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Suter, GW (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM suter.glenn@epa.gov NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 32 IS 9 BP 1929 EP 1930 DI 10.1002/etc.2316 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 189FX UT WOS:000322253800001 PM 23893493 ER PT J AU Burgess, RM Ho, KT Brack, W Lamoree, M AF Burgess, Robert M. Ho, Kay T. Brack, Werner Lamoree, Marja TI Effects-directed analysis (EDA) and toxicity identification evaluation (TIE): Complementary but different approaches for diagnosing causes of environmental toxicity SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Effects-directed analysis; Environmental diagnosis; Fractionation; Bioavailability; Bioaccessibility ID DIOXIN-LIKE COMPOUNDS; KRAFT MILL EFFLUENT; ORGANIC TOXICANTS; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SEDIMENT EXTRACTS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; RIVER SEDIMENT; WATER; FRACTIONATION; POLLUTANTS AB Currently, 2 approaches are available for performing environmental diagnostics on samples like municipal and industrial effluents, interstitial waters, and whole sediments to identify anthropogenic contaminants causing toxicological effects. One approach is toxicity identification evaluation (TIE), which was developed primarily in North America to determine active toxicants to whole-organism endpoints. The second approach is effects-directed analysis (EDA), which has origins in both Europe and North America. Unlike TIE, EDA uses primarily in vitro endpoints with an emphasis on organic contaminants as the cause of observed toxicity. The 2 approaches have fundamental differences that make them distinct techniques. In EDA, the sophisticated and elegant fractionation and chemical analyses performed to identify the causes of toxicity with a high degree of specificity often compromise contaminant bioavailability. In contrast, in TIE, toxicant bioavailability is maintained and is considered critical to accurately identifying the causes of environmental toxicity. However, maintaining contaminant bioavailability comes with the cost of limiting, at least until recently, the use of the types of sophisticated fractionation and elegant chemical analyses that have resulted in the high specificity of toxicant diagnosis performed in EDA. The present study provides an overview of each approach and highlights areas where the 2 approaches can complement one another and lead to the improvement of both. (C) 2013 SETAC C1 [Burgess, Robert M.; Ho, Kay T.] US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Narragansett, RI USA. [Brack, Werner] UFZ Helmholt Ctr Environm Res, Dept Effects Directed Anal, Leipzig, Germany. [Lamoree, Marja] Free Univ Amsterdam, Inst Environm Studies, Fac Earth & Life Sci, NL-1007 MC Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Burgess, RM (reprint author), US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Narragansett, RI USA. EM burgess.robert@epa.gov RI Lamoree, Marja/N-4396-2013; OI Lamoree, Marja/0000-0002-7373-7738; Brack, Werner/0000-0001-9269-6524 NR 41 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 12 U2 103 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 32 IS 9 BP 1935 EP 1945 DI 10.1002/etc.2299 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 189FX UT WOS:000322253800003 PM 23893495 ER PT J AU Ma, HB Diamond, SA AF Ma, Hongbo Diamond, Stephen A. TI Phototoxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles to zebrafish (Danio rerio) is dependent on life stage SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE TiO2 nanoparticles; Phototoxicity; Zebrafish embryo; Chorion; Life stage ID SILVER NANOPARTICLES; EMBRYOS; RADIATION; TOXICITY AB Zebrafish embryos have been used increasingly to evaluate nanomaterial toxicity. (2) nanoparticles with zebrafish at 4 life stages (embryos, yolk-sac larvae, free-swimming larvae, and juvenile) under simulated sunlight using the 96-h standard toxicity assay. Yolk-sac larvae were found to be the most sensitive to (2) phototoxicity, suggesting that the widely used zebrafish embryo test may not fully or accurately predict hazard and risk of these nanoparticles to small fish. (c) 2013 SETAC C1 [Ma, Hongbo] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN USA. [Diamond, Stephen A.] NanoSafe Inc, Duluth, MN USA. RP Diamond, SA (reprint author), NanoSafe Inc, Duluth, MN USA. EM sdiamond@nanosafeinc.com FU National Research Council Research FX The present study was performed while the author, H. Ma, held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the US Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division laboratory. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 43 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 32 IS 9 BP 2139 EP 2143 DI 10.1002/etc.2298 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 189FX UT WOS:000322253800026 PM 23733267 ER PT J AU Golden, HE Knightes, CD Conrads, PA Feaster, TD Davis, GM Benedict, ST Bradley, PM AF Golden, Heather E. Knightes, Christopher D. Conrads, Paul A. Feaster, Toby D. Davis, Gary M. Benedict, Stephen T. Bradley, Paul M. TI CLIMATE CHANGE AND WATERSHED MERCURY EXPORT: A MULTIPLE PROJECTION AND MODEL ANALYSIS SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Watershed analysis; Mercury; Modeling ID SOUTH-CAROLINA; METHYL MERCURY; UNITED-STATES; COMMON LOONS; RESOURCES; TRANSPORT; IMPACTS; BASIN; BIOACCUMULATION; AVAILABILITY AB Future shifts in climatic conditions may impact watershed mercury (Hg) dynamics and transport. An ensemble of watershed models was applied in the present study to simulate and evaluate the responses of hydrological and total Hg (THg) fluxes from the landscape to the watershed outlet and in-stream THg concentrations to contrasting climate change projections for a watershed in the southeastern coastal plain of the United States. Simulations were conducted under stationary atmospheric deposition and land cover conditions to explicitly evaluate the effect of projected precipitation and temperature on watershed Hg export (i.e., the flux of Hg at the watershed outlet). Based on downscaled inputs from 2 global circulation models that capture extremes of projected wet (Community Climate System Model, Ver 3 [CCSM3]) and dry (ECHAM4/HOPE-G [ECHO]) conditions for this region, watershed model simulation results suggest a decrease of approximately 19% in ensemble-averaged mean annual watershed THg fluxes using the ECHO climate-change model and an increase of approximately 5% in THg fluxes with the CCSM3 model. Ensemble-averaged mean annual ECHO in-stream THg concentrations increased 20%, while those of CCSM3 decreased by 9% between the baseline and projected simulation periods. Watershed model simulation results using both climate change models suggest that monthly watershed THg fluxes increase during the summer, when projected flow is higher than baseline conditions. The present study's multiple watershed model approach underscores the uncertainty associated with climate change response projections and their use in climate change management decisions. Thus, single-model predictions can be misleading, particularly in developmental stages of watershed Hg modeling. (C) 2013 SETAC C1 [Golden, Heather E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Knightes, Christopher D.; Davis, Gary M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA USA. [Conrads, Paul A.; Bradley, Paul M.] US Geol Survey, South Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC USA. [Feaster, Toby D.; Benedict, Stephen T.] US Geol Survey, South Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Clemson, SC USA. RP Golden, HE (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM golden.heather@epa.gov NR 60 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 38 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 32 IS 9 BP 2165 EP 2174 DI 10.1002/etc.2284 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 189FX UT WOS:000322253800030 PM 23703873 ER PT J AU Brown, C Olsen, AR AF Brown, Cathy Olsen, Anthony R. TI Bioregional monitoring design and occupancy estimation for two Sierra Nevadan amphibian taxa SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE monitoring; amphibian; bioregional; probability survey design; probability of detection; Rana muscosa; Rana sierrae; Anaxyrus canorus; GRTS ID YELLOW-LEGGED FROG; ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; POND-BREEDING AMPHIBIANS; IMPERFECT DETECTION; AQUATIC RESOURCES; FISH INTRODUCTIONS; SPECIES OCCURRENCE; NATURAL-RESOURCES; ECOREGIONAL-SCALE; SAMPLING DESIGN AB Land-management agencies need quantitative, statistically rigorous monitoring data, often at large spatial and temporal scales, to support resource-management decisions. Monitoring designs typically must accommodate multiple ecological, logistical, political, and economic objectives and constraints. We present a long-term bioregional monitoring program to assess the status and change in populations of the federally listed candidate frog species, Yosemite toad (Anaxyrus [Bufo] canorus) and mountain yellow-legged frog (Rana muscosa/sierrae complex), on USDA Forest Service lands in the Sierra Nevada, California. The program takes advantage of advances in survey design and analysis to: 1) collect data at a metapopulation scale (i.e., small basins), 2) provide occupancy data on >= 2 species with overlapping ranges with the same field-monitoring protocols, 3) provide occupancy estimates applicable to the entire range of each species in the study region, 4) incorporate information from historical occupancy records, and 5) link the survey design to an existing survey design. We estimated occupancy assuming imperfect detection by extending existing procedures for maximum likelihood estimation to incorporate the unequal probability of selection used in the survey design. From 2002 to 2009, we estimate that the Yosemite toad used 0.25 +/- 0.01 (SE), 0.86 +/- 0.04, and 0.86 +/- 0.03 of basins over its range, with historical presence, and with presence since 1990, respectively, and the mountain yellow-legged frog used 0.04 +/- 0.01, 0.43 +/- 0.04, and 0.47 +/- 0.04 of basins over its range, with historical presence, and with presence since 1990, respectively. Survey date and snow pack affected detection of the Yosemite toad but not of the mountain yellow-legged frog. Monitoring costs were reduced by using a complex survey design with panels that required generalizing existing methods for estimating occupancy under imperfect detection. C1 [Brown, Cathy] US Dept Agr Forest Serv, Berkeley, CA 94701 USA. [Olsen, Anthony R.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Brown, C (reprint author), US Dept Agr Forest Serv, POB 245, Berkeley, CA 94701 USA. EM cathybrown@fs.fed.us; olsen.tony@epa.gov FU US Forest Service; US Environmental Protection Agency FX This monitoring program was designed with input from numerous individuals, including members of the US Forest Service Sierra Province Assessment and Monitoring Team. Helpful comments on the manuscript were provided by Jim Baldwin, Phil Larsen, Amy Lind, Lucas Wilkinson, 2 referees, and Associate Editor Kevin Collier. The information in this article has been funded wholly (or in part) by the US Forest Service and the US Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the 2 agencies and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the agencies, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 69 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 47 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 2161-9549 EI 2161-9565 J9 FRESHW SCI JI Freshw. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 32 IS 3 BP 675 EP 691 DI 10.1899/11-168.1 PG 17 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 197DB UT WOS:000322828300001 ER PT J AU Merovich, GT Petty, JT Strager, MP Fulton, JB AF Merovich, George T., Jr. Petty, J. Todd Strager, Michael P. Fulton, Jennifer B. TI Hierarchical classification of stream condition: a house-neighborhood framework for establishing conservation priorities in complex riverscapes SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE freshwater restoration and protection; watershed classification; landscape models; boosted regression trees; predictive models; stream ecosystem integrity; water quality; watershed management; coal mining; acid mine drainage; acid rain; benthic macroinvertebrates ID BOOSTED REGRESSION TREES; UNITED-STATES; LAND-COVER; BIOASSESSMENT PERFORMANCE; LANDSCAPE INDICATORS; REGIONAL PROCESSES; WATER CHEMISTRY; FRESH-WATERS; FISH; RESTORATION AB Despite improved understanding of how aquatic organisms are influenced by environmental conditions at multiple scales, we lack a coherent multiscale approach for establishing stream conservation priorities in active coal-mining regions. We classified watershed conditions at 3 hierarchical spatial scales, following a house-neighborhood-community approach, where houses (stream segments) are embedded within neighborhoods (Hydrologic Unit Code [HUC]-12 watersheds) embedded within communities (HUC-10 watersheds). We used this information to develop a framework to prioritize restoration and protection in two HUC-8 watersheds in an intensively mined region of the central Appalachians. We used landscape data to predict current conditions (water chemistry and macroinvertebrate biotic integrity) for all stream segments with boosted regression tree (BRT) analysis. Mining intensity, distance to mining, and coal type were the dominant predictors of water quality and biological integrity. A hardness-salinity dimension of the water-chemistry data was explained by land-cover features and stream elevation. We compiled segment-level conditions to the HUC-12 and HUC-10 watershed scales to represent aquatic resource conditions hierarchically across 3 watershed-management scales. This process enabled us to relate stream-segment watershed conditions to watershed conditions in the broader context, and ultimately to identify key protection and restoration priorities in a metacommunity context. Our hierarchical classification system explicitly identifies stream restoration and protection priorities within a HUC-12 watershed context, which ensures that the benefits of restoration will extend beyond the stream reach. Highest protection priorities are high-quality HUC-12 watersheds adjacent to low-quality HUC-12 watersheds. Highest restoration priorities are HUC-12 watersheds in poor-fair condition within HUC-10 watersheds of good-excellent condition, whereas lowest restoration priorities are isolated HUC-12 watersheds. In high-priority HUC-12 watersheds, stream segments with the highest restoration priority are those that maximize watershed-scale restorability. A similar process for classifying conditions and restoration priorities may be valuable in other heavily impacted regions where strategic approaches are needed to maximize watershed-scale recovery. C1 [Merovich, George T., Jr.; Petty, J. Todd] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Strager, Michael P.] W Virginia Univ, Div Resource Management, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Fulton, Jennifer B.] US Environm Protect Agcy Reg 3, Off Monitoring & Assessment, Wheeling, WV 26003 USA. RP Merovich, GT (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM george.merovich@mail.wvu.edu; jtpetty@mail.wvu.edu; michael.strager@mail.wvu.edu; fulton.jennifer@epa.gov FU US EPA [RD-83136401-0] FX We thank John Wirts and Jeff Bailey (West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection) for providing watershed assessment data, Roy Martin and Eric Merriam for helpful comments on analyses, 2 anonymous referees for comments that improved the manuscript structure, and Associate Editor Lester Yuan and Editor Pamela Silver for comments and suggestions that greatly improved the final version. This paper was prepared with the support of a grant from the US EPA to JTP under Contract Agreement No. RD-83136401-0. However, any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed herein are those of the authors and do not reflect the views of the US EPA. NR 64 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 63 PU SOC FRESWATER SCIENCE PI WACO PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA SN 2161-9565 J9 FRESHW SCI JI Freshw. Sci. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 32 IS 3 BP 874 EP 891 DI 10.1899/12-082.1 PG 18 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 197DB UT WOS:000322828300015 ER PT J AU Hughes, MF Long, TC Boyes, WK Ramabhadran, R AF Hughes, Michael F. Long, Thomas C. Boyes, William K. Ramabhadran, Ram TI Whole-body retention and distribution of orally administered radiolabelled zerovalent iron nanoparticles in mice SO NANOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nanoparticles; iron; neutron activation; disposition; nZVI ID IN-SITU REMEDIATION; BENEFITS; RISKS AB Zerovalent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) are used for in situ remediation of contaminated ground water, raising the possibility that nZVI particles or their altered residues could contaminate the ground water. Therefore, it is important to study their effects on humans and other organisms in vivo. The objective of this study was to assess the whole-body retention and terminal disposition of neutron-activated radioactive nZVI administered by oral gavage in mice. Radioactivity was primarily eliminated in the faeces within 1 day of administration. However, a small amount of iron-derived radioactivity appeared in the liver after three repeated daily doses. This prototypic study further suggests that neutron activation applied judiciously may be broadly applicable to studies of nanoparticles derived from other biologically abundant metals. C1 [Hughes, Michael F.; Long, Thomas C.; Boyes, William K.; Ramabhadran, Ram] US EPA, Div Integrated Syst Toxicol, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Hughes, Michael F.; Long, Thomas C.; Boyes, William K.; Ramabhadran, Ram] US EPA, Div Tox Assessment, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Long, Thomas C.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Ramabhadran, R (reprint author), US EPA, Div Integrated Syst Toxicol, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM Ram.ramabhadran@gmail.com FU US EPA FX This manuscript has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory of the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This work was funded entirely by the US EPA. The authors would like to thank Scott Lassell, Manager, Nuclear Services, Nuclear Reactor Program of North Carolina State University for critically valuable help and advice and Dr. Bellina Veronesi of the US EPA for her advice and for providing the nanoparticles used in the study. The authors appreciate the able assistance of Brenda Edwards with animal dosing and critical comments by EPA colleagues Drs. Kevin Dreher, David Thomas and Jane Ellen Simmons. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 9 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1743-5390 J9 NANOTOXICOLOGY JI Nanotoxicology PD SEP PY 2013 VL 7 IS 6 BP 1064 EP 1069 DI 10.3109/17435390.2012.700337 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Toxicology SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Toxicology GA 197GB UT WOS:000322836800002 PM 22662881 ER PT J AU Cox, LM Almeter, AL Saterson, KA AF Cox, Llael M. Almeter, Andrew L. Saterson, Kathryn A. TI Protecting our life support systems: An inventory of US federal research on ecosystem services SO ECOSYSTEM SERVICES LA English DT Article DE Federal government; Ecosystem services; Research; Inventory AB In the United States, a broad range of federal resource management and environmental agencies are conducting research related to ecosystem goods and services (EGS), and government agencies at all levels are increasingly interested in measuring the outcomes of proposed decisions in terms of ecosystem service benefits. The United States Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) Ecosystem Services Research Program responded to the need for increased awareness of EGS efforts across agencies by conducting a web-based inventory of U.S. federal ecosystem services research. This characterization describes the breadth and focus of ecosystem services programs and projects that were ongoing or completed between April 2010 and May 2012 at nine federal agencies: the Department of Defense (DOD), Department of Energy (DOE), Department of the Interior (DOI), Department of Transportation (DOT), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), and USEPA. This paper discusses the progress, gaps, and opportunities revealed and will increase awareness of current efforts, enhance opportunities for the public and private sector to collaborate on ecosystem services vvork, identify high priority research areas, and help avoid duplication. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cox, Llael M.; Almeter, Andrew L.] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Saterson, Kathryn A.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Cox, LM (reprint author), TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM cox.llael@epa.gov NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2212-0416 J9 ECOSYST SERV JI Ecosyst. Serv. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 5 BP E163 EP E169 DI 10.1016/j.ecoser.2013.04.006 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V41BD UT WOS:000209520800019 ER PT J AU Evans, AM Rice, GE Teuschler, LK Wright, JM AF Evans, A. M. Rice, G. E. Teuschler, L. K. Wright, J. M. TI CUMULATIVE EXPOSURE TO NEURODEVELOPMENTAL STRESSORS IN U. S. WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE. SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International-Federation-of-Fertility-Societies 21st World Congress on Fertility and Sterility / 69th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Reproductive-Medicine CY OCT 12-17, 2013 CL Boston, MA SP Int Federat Fertil Soc, Amer Soc Reprod Med C1 [Evans, A. M.] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Rice, G. E.; Teuschler, L. K.; Wright, J. M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 EI 1556-5653 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 100 IS 3 SU S MA P-946 BP S421 EP S421 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA AQ1PY UT WOS:000342554501717 ER PT J AU King, K AF King, Katherine TI Jane Jacobs and 'The Need for Aged Buildings': Neighbourhood Historical Development Pace and Community Social Relations SO URBAN STUDIES LA English DT Article ID BUILT ENVIRONMENT; COLLECTIVE EFFICACY; RESEARCH AGENDA; PUBLIC-HEALTH; MASS SOCIETY; MULTILEVEL; ATTACHMENT; CONTEXT; CRIME; SEGREGATION AB Jacobs argued that grand planning schemes intending to redevelop large swaths of a city according to a central theoretical framework fail because planners do not understand that healthy cities are organic, spontaneous, messy, complex systems that result from evolutionary processes. She argued that a gradual pace of redevelopment would facilitate maintenance of existing interpersonal ties. This paper operationalises the concept of pace of development within a cross-sectional framework as the age diversity of housing'. Analysis of a population-based multilevel community survey of Chicago linked with census housing data predicts individual perceptions of neighbourhood social relations (cohesion, control, intergenerational closure and reciprocal exchange). A gradual pace of redevelopment resulting in historical diversity of housing significantly predicts social relations, lending support to Jacobs's claims. C1 [King, Katherine] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [King, Katherine] Duke Univ, Dept Sociol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP King, K (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, POB 90088, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM katherinekingphd@gmail.com OI King, Katherine/0000-0001-8615-1894 NR 50 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 30 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0042-0980 J9 URBAN STUD JI Urban Stud. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 50 IS 12 BP 2407 EP 2424 DI 10.1177/0042098013477698 PG 18 WC Environmental Studies; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Urban Studies GA 195JG UT WOS:000322697600002 ER PT J AU Buse, HY Lu, JR Struewing, IT Ashbolt, NJ AF Buse, Helen Y. Lu, Jingrang Struewing, Ian T. Ashbolt, Nicholas J. TI Eukaryotic diversity in premise drinking water using 18S rDNA sequencing: implications for health risks SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Free-living amoebae; Bacterial hosts; Hot and cold tap water ID FREE-LIVING AMEBAS; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; PLANT-PATHOGENIC FUNGUS; RESISTING BACTERIA; LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA; ACANTHAMOEBA-KERATITIS; MALASSEZIA-RESTRICTA; GENOME ANALYSIS; NEMATODES; INVERTEBRATES AB The goal of this study was to characterize microbial eukaryotes over a 12-month period to provide insight into the occurrence of potential bacterial predators and hosts in premise plumbing. Nearly 6,300 partial 18S rRNA gene sequences from 24 hot (36.9-39.0 degrees C) and cold (6.8-29.1 degrees C) drinking water samples were analyzed and classified into major eukaryotic groups. Each major group, consisting of free-living amoebae (FLA)/protozoa, algae, copepods, dinoflagellates, fungi, nematodes, and unique uncultured eukaryotic sequences, showed limited diversity dominated by a few distinct populations, which may be characteristic of oligotrophic environments. Changes in the relative abundance of predators such as nematodes, copepods, and FLA appear to be related to temperature and seasonal changes in water quality. Sequences nearly identical to FLA such as Hartmannella vermiformis, Echinamoeba thermarmum, Pseudoparamoeba pagei, Protacanthamoeba bohemica, Platyamoeba sp., and Vannella sp. were obtained. In addition to FLA, various copepods, rotifers, and nematodes have been reported to internalize viral and bacterial pathogens within drinking water systems thus potentially serving as transport hosts; implications of which are discussed further. Increasing the knowledge of eukaryotic occurrence and their relationship with potential pathogens should aid in assessing microbial risk associated with various eukaryotic organisms in drinking water. C1 [Buse, Helen Y.; Struewing, Ian T.] US EPA, Dynamac, Cincinnati, OH 45242 USA. [Lu, Jingrang; Ashbolt, Nicholas J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45242 USA. RP Buse, HY (reprint author), US EPA, Dynamac, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45242 USA. EM buse.helen@epa.gov NR 76 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 4 U2 58 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0944-1344 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R JI Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 20 IS 9 BP 6351 EP 6366 DI 10.1007/s11356-013-1646-5 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 187XQ UT WOS:000322155400046 PM 23589243 ER PT J AU Smucker, NJ Becker, M Detenbeck, NE Morrison, AC AF Smucker, Nathan J. Becker, Mary Detenbeck, Naomi E. Morrison, Alisa C. TI Using algal metrics and biomass to evaluate multiple ways of defining concentration-based nutrient criteria in streams and their ecological relevance SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Phosphorus; Diatoms; Urban; Periphyton; Threshold; Nitrogen ID UNITED-STATES; LAND-USE; COMMUNITY THRESHOLDS; WADEABLE STREAMS; WATER-QUALITY; PHOSPHORUS; RIVERS; EUTROPHICATION; NITROGEN; US AB We examined the utility of nutrient criteria derived solely from total phosphorus (TP) concentrations in streams (regression models and percentile distributions) and evaluated their ecological relevance to diatom and algal biomass responses. We used a variety of statistics to characterize ecological responses and to develop concentration-based nutrient criteria (derived from ecological effects) for streams in Connecticut, USA, where urbanization is the primary cause of watershed alteration. Mean background TP concentration in the absence of anthropogenic land cover was predicted to be 0.017 mg/l, which was similar to the 25th percentile of all study sites. Increased TP concentrations were significantly correlated with altered diatom community structure, decreased percent low P diatoms and diatoms sensitive to impervious cover, and increased percent high P diatoms, diatoms that increase with greater impervious cover, and chlorophyll a (P < 0.01). Variance partitioning models showed that shared effects of anthropogenic land cover and chemistry (i.e., chemistry affected by land cover) represented the majority of explained variation in diatom metrics and chlorophyll a. Bootstrapped regression trees, threshold indicator taxa analysis, and boosted regression trees identified TP concentrations at which strong responses of diatom metrics and communities occurred, but these values varied among analyses. When considering ecological responses, scientifically defensible and ecologically relevant TP criteria were identified at (1) 0.020 mg/l for designating highest quality streams and restoration targets, above which sensitive taxa steeply declined, tolerant taxa increased, and community structure changed, (2) 0.040 mg/l, at which community level change points began to occur and sensitive diatoms were greatly reduced, (3) 0.065 mg/l, above which most sensitive diatoms were lost and tolerant diatoms steeply increased to their maxima, and (4) 0.082 mg/l, which appeared to be a saturated threshold, beyond which substantially altered community structure was sustained. These criteria can inform anti-degradation policies for high quality streams, discharge permit decisions, and future strategies for watershed development and managment. Our results indicated that management practices and decisions at the watershed scale will likely be important for improving degraded streams and conserving high quality streams. Results also emphasized the importance of incorporating ecological responses and considering the body of evidence from multiple conceptual approaches and statistical analyses for developing nutrient criteria, because solely relying on one approach could lead to misdirected decisions and resources. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Smucker, Nathan J.; Detenbeck, Naomi E.; Morrison, Alisa C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Becker, Mary] Connecticut Dept Energy & Environm Protect, Hartford, CT USA. RP Smucker, NJ (reprint author), US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM smucker.nathan@epa.gov FU U.S. EPA FX Taxonomists in R. Jan Stevenson's lab at Michigan State University are thanked for taxonomic identification and enumeration of diatoms. Comments on earlier drafts by Peg Pelletier, Brenda Rashleigh, Lester Yuan, and Glen Thursby are greatly appreciated. Two anonymous reviewers are also thanked for their comments. This submission is ORD Tracking Number ORD-001193. Research described in this article has been funded in part by the U.S. EPA, and this manuscript has been reviewed by the Atlantic Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 61 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 99 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD SEP PY 2013 VL 32 BP 51 EP 61 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.03.018 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 157JH UT WOS:000319891900008 ER PT J AU Mullon, L Chang, NB Yang, YJ Weiss, J AF Mullon, Lee Chang, Ni-Bin Yang, Y. Jeffrey Weiss, Jason TI Integrated remote sensing and wavelet analyses for screening short-term teleconnection patterns in northeast America SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Hydrometeorology; Precipitation; Sea surface temperature; Teleconnection patterns; Vegetation cover ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; NINO-SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; ATLANTIC-OCEAN; CLIMATE NOISE; NEW-ENGLAND; PRECIPITATION; VARIABILITY; VEGETATION; ANOMALIES; COHERENCE AB Global sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies have an inherent effect on vegetation dynamics and precipitation processes throughout the continental United States (U.S.). SST variations have been correlated with precipitation patterns via ocean-atmospheric interactions known as climate teleconnections. Prior research has demonstrated that understanding excitation mechanisms of the teleconnection patterns can be instrumental for climate prediction across a wide region at sub-continental scales, yet these studies tend to have large uncertainties in estimates by assuming linearity when examining teleconnection signals. The co-existence of non-stationary and nonlinear signals embedded in SST anomalies makes the identification of the teleconnection patterns difficult at the local scale. This study explores the short-term (10-year) frequencies (i.e., interannual and seasonal) embedded in the non-stationary teleconnection signals between SST at the North Atlantic and North Pacific oceans and the responses of terrestrial greenness and precipitation along multiple pristine sites in northeast U.S., including (I) White Mountain National Forest - Pemigewasset Wilderness, (2) Green Mountain National Forest - Lye Brook Wilderness, and (3) Adirondack State Park - Siamese Ponds Wilderness. Each site was selected to avoid anthropogenic influences that may otherwise mask climate teleconnection signals. Lagged pixel-wise linear teleconnection analysis based on remote sensing satellite images across anomalous global SST datasets found significant correlation regions between SST and these terrestrial sites. With the aid of wavelet analyses including continuous wavelet transform, cross-wavelet analysis, and wavelet coherency analysis, nonlinear and non-stationary signals exhibit salient covariations at biennial and triennial frequencies between terrestrial responses and SST anomalies across oceanic regions in agreement with the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) signals. Multiple regression analysis of the combined ocean indices explained up to 50% of the greenness and 42% of the precipitation in the study sites. These identified short-term signals in association with some hydrometeorological forcing processes of circumglobal teleconnection can improve the understanding and projection of the climate change impacts at local scales and harness the interannual periodicity information for future precipitation and greenness projections. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mullon, Lee; Chang, Ni-Bin; Weiss, Jason] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Yang, Y. Jeffrey] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Chang, NB (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, 4000 Cent Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM nchang@ucf.edu FU US EPA Water Resources Adaptation Program (WRAP) [EP-C-05-056] FX The authors acknowledge the help from Ms. Biyun Huang in identifying two of the candidate sites for analysis and Mr. Benjammin Vannah in developing the MATLAB code. This study is part of US EPA Water Resources Adaptation Program (WRAP) funded through EPA contract EP-C-05-056. The manuscript has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency; therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Wavelet NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD AUG 30 PY 2013 VL 499 BP 247 EP 264 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.06.046 PG 18 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 220RY UT WOS:000324605800024 ER PT J AU DeArmond, PD DiGoregorio, AL AF DeArmond, Patrick D. DiGoregorio, Amanda L. TI Rapid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based method for the analysis of alcohol ethoxylates and alkylphenol ethoxylates in environmental samples SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; Alcohol ethoxylates; Alkylphenol ethoxylates; Solid-phase extraction; Nonionic surfactants ID WASTE-WATER; NONYLPHENOL ETHOXYLATES; AEROBIC BIODEGRADATION; NONIONIC SURFACTANTS; POLYETHOXYLATES; METABOLITES; CARBOXYLATES; ECOTOXICITY; OCTYLPHENOL; SEDIMENTS AB A sensitive and selective method for the determination of alcohol ethoxylates (AEOs) and alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEOs) using solid-phase extraction (SPE) and LC-MS/MS was developed and applied to the analysis of water samples. All AEO and APEO homologues, a total of 152 analytes, were analyzed within a run time of 11 min, and the MS allowed for the detection of ethoxymers containing 2-20 ethoxy units (eta(EO) = 2-20). The limits of detection (LOD) were as low as 0.1 pg injected, which generally increased as eta(EO) increased (e.g., as high as 300 pg for eta(EO) =20). Additionally, the responses of the various ethoxymers varied by orders of magnitude, with ethoxymers with eta(EO) = 3-5 being the most sensitive and those with eta(EO) > 15 producing the least response in the MS. Absolute extraction recoveries of the analytes ranged from 37% to 69% in ultrapure water (RSD <= 20%), with the recovery depending on the length of the alkyl chain. Abiotic stability studies were performed, and C14-18 ethoxylates showed significant degrees of degradation. Water samples from the Colorado River were then analyzed for AEOs and APEOs, with absolute extraction recoveries ranging from 33% to 45% (RSD <= 12%). The predominant species observed in most samples were the octylphenol (OP) and nonylphenol (NP) ethoxylates, which contained total concentrations that were greater than 100 ng/L APEOs in a couple samples. Other AEO homologues were identified in the river water samples, including C-13, C-16, C-16, and C-18 ethoxylates, but these compounds. were generally present at much lower levels (i.e., <50 ng/L total concentration). Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [DeArmond, Patrick D.] USA Environm Protect Agcy, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Lab, Div Environm Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [DiGoregorio, Amanda L.] USA Environm Protect Agcy, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. RP DeArmond, PD (reprint author), USA Environm Protect Agcy, POB 93478, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. EM dearmond.patrick@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this paper does not constitute endorsement or recommendation by the EPA. NR 35 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 58 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD AUG 30 PY 2013 VL 1305 BP 154 EP 163 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.07.017 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 204JS UT WOS:000323362200020 PM 23891378 ER PT J AU Conolly, RB Loizou, G AF Conolly, Rory B. Loizou, George TI In the near foreseeable future, much of toxicity testing can be replaced by computational approaches SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 49th Congress of the European-Societies-of-Toxicology (EUROTOX) CY SEP 01-04, 2013 CL Interlaken, SWITZERLAND SP European Soc Toxicol (EUROTOX), ECETOC, Roche, Syngenta, AstraZeneca, Sanofi, Basilea Pharmaceutica, ACEA Biosciences Inc, European Crop Protect, Bioservice Sci Labs GmbH, Oekotoxzentrum Ctr Ecotox, Swiss Confederat, Fed Dept Home Affairs, Fed Off Publ Hlth (FOPH), BASF, SCAHT, Johnson & Johnson, Janssen Pharmaceut Co, Natl Ctr Replacement, Refinement & Reduct Anim Res, ILSI, SERVIER, RCC, Nestle, Suva Pro, Interpharma, Covance, Novartis, Merck, BioReliance C1 [Conolly, Rory B.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Loizou, George] Hlth & Safety Lab, Buxton, England. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD AUG 28 PY 2013 VL 221 SU S BP S3 EP S3 DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.06.012 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 210WO UT WOS:000323865800008 ER PT J AU Cotton, JC AF Cotton, J. Christopher TI Integrating genomics into the AOP framework SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 49th Congress of the European-Societies-of-Toxicology (EUROTOX) CY SEP 01-04, 2013 CL Interlaken, SWITZERLAND SP European Soc Toxicol (EUROTOX), ECETOC, Roche, Syngenta, AstraZeneca, Sanofi, Basilea Pharmaceutica, ACEA Biosciences Inc, European Crop Protect, Bioservice Sci Labs GmbH, Oekotoxzentrum Ctr Ecotox, Swiss Confederat, Fed Dept Home Affairs, Fed Off Publ Hlth (FOPH), BASF, SCAHT, Johnson & Johnson, Janssen Pharmaceut Co, Natl Ctr Replacement, Refinement & Reduct Anim Res, ILSI, SERVIER, RCC, Nestle, Suva Pro, Interpharma, Covance, Novartis, Merck, BioReliance C1 [Cotton, J. Christopher] US EPA, NHEERL ORD, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD AUG 28 PY 2013 VL 221 SU S BP S26 EP S27 DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.06.094 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 210WO UT WOS:000323865800081 ER PT J AU Vergauwen, L Blust, R Witters, H Verstraelen, S Villeneuve, DL Ankley, GT Knapen, D AF Vergauwen, Lucia Blust, Ronny Witters, Hilda Verstraelen, Sandra Villeneuve, Daniel L. Ankley, Gerald T. Knapen, Dries TI Development of an alternative testing strategy for the fish early life stage test for predicting chronic toxicity SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 49th Congress of the European-Societies-of-Toxicology (EUROTOX) CY SEP 01-04, 2013 CL Interlaken, SWITZERLAND SP European Soc Toxicol (EUROTOX), ECETOC, Roche, Syngenta, AstraZeneca, Sanofi, Basilea Pharmaceutica, ACEA Biosciences Inc, European Crop Protect, Bioservice Sci Labs GmbH, Oekotoxzentrum Ctr Ecotox, Swiss Confederat, Fed Dept Home Affairs, Fed Off Publ Hlth (FOPH), BASF, SCAHT, Johnson & Johnson, Janssen Pharmaceut Co, Natl Ctr Replacement, Refinement & Reduct Anim Res, ILSI, SERVIER, RCC, Nestle, Suva Pro, Interpharma, Covance, Novartis, Merck, BioReliance C1 [Vergauwen, Lucia; Knapen, Dries] Univ Antwerp, Dept Vet Sci, Zebrafishlab, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. [Blust, Ronny] Univ Antwerp, Dept Biol, Syst Physiol & Ecotoxicol Res SPHERE, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. [Witters, Hilda; Verstraelen, Sandra] Flemish Inst Technol Res VITO NV, B-2400 Mol, Belgium. [Villeneuve, Daniel L.; Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD AUG 28 PY 2013 VL 221 SU S BP S104 EP S104 DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.05.159 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 210WO UT WOS:000323865800316 ER PT J AU Hayes, PL Ortega, AM Cubison, MJ Froyd, KD Zhao, Y Cliff, SS Hu, WW Toohey, DW Flynn, JH Lefer, BL Grossberg, N Alvarez, S Rappenglueck, B Taylor, JW Allan, JD Holloway, JS Gilman, JB Kuster, WC De Gouw, JA Massoli, P Zhang, X Liu, J Weber, RJ Corrigan, AL Russell, LM Isaacman, G Worton, DR Kreisberg, NM Goldstein, AH Thalman, R Waxman, EM Volkamer, R Lin, YH Surratt, JD Kleindienst, TE Offenberg, JH Dusanter, S Griffith, S Stevens, PS Brioude, J Angevine, WM Jimenez, JL AF Hayes, P. L. Ortega, A. M. Cubison, M. J. Froyd, K. D. Zhao, Y. Cliff, S. S. Hu, W. W. Toohey, D. W. Flynn, J. H. Lefer, B. L. Grossberg, N. Alvarez, S. Rappenglueck, B. Taylor, J. W. Allan, J. D. Holloway, J. S. Gilman, J. B. Kuster, W. C. De Gouw, J. A. Massoli, P. Zhang, X. Liu, J. Weber, R. J. Corrigan, A. L. Russell, L. M. Isaacman, G. Worton, D. R. Kreisberg, N. M. Goldstein, A. H. Thalman, R. Waxman, E. M. Volkamer, R. Lin, Y. H. Surratt, J. D. Kleindienst, T. E. Offenberg, J. H. Dusanter, S. Griffith, S. Stevens, P. S. Brioude, J. Angevine, W. M. Jimenez, J. L. TI Organic aerosol composition and sources in Pasadena, California, during the 2010 CalNex campaign SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Review DE organic aerosol; Los Angeles; CalNex; positive matrix factorization; particulates; Pasadena ID LOS-ANGELES BASIN; COAST AIR BASIN; POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION; FINE-PARTICLE COMPOSITION; CITY METROPOLITAN-AREA; POWERED MOTOR-VEHICLES; VOLATILITY BASIS-SET; URBAN SUPERSITE T0; NON-FOSSIL CARBON; NEW-YORK-CITY AB Organic aerosols (OA) in Pasadena are characterized using multiple measurements from the California Research at the Nexus of Air Quality and Climate Change (CalNex) campaign. Five OA components are identified using positive matrix factorization including hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA) and two types of oxygenated OA (OOA). The Pasadena OA elemental composition when plotted as H:C versus O:C follows a line less steep than that observed for Riverside, CA. The OOA components from both locations follow a common line, however, indicating similar secondary organic aerosol (SOA) oxidation chemistry at the two sites such as fragmentation reactions leading to acid formation. In addition to the similar evolution of elemental composition, the dependence of SOA concentration on photochemical age displays quantitatively the same trends across several North American urban sites. First, the OA/CO values for Pasadena increase with photochemical age exhibiting a slope identical to or slightly higher than those for Mexico City and the northeastern United States. Second, the ratios of OOA to odd-oxygen (a photochemical oxidation marker) for Pasadena, Mexico City, and Riverside are similar, suggesting a proportional relationship between SOA and odd-oxygen formation rates. Weekly cycles of the OA components are examined as well. HOA exhibits lower concentrations on Sundays versus weekdays, and the decrease in HOA matches that predicted for primary vehicle emissions using fuel sales data, traffic counts, and vehicle emission ratios. OOA does not display a weekly cycleafter accounting for differences in photochemical aging which suggests the dominance of gasoline emissions in SOA formation under the assumption that most urban SOA precursors are from motor vehicles. C1 [Hayes, P. L.; Ortega, A. M.; Cubison, M. J.; Froyd, K. D.; Hu, W. W.; Holloway, J. S.; Gilman, J. B.; De Gouw, J. A.; Thalman, R.; Waxman, E. M.; Volkamer, R.; Brioude, J.; Angevine, W. M.; Jimenez, J. L.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Hayes, P. L.; Cubison, M. J.; Thalman, R.; Waxman, E. M.; Volkamer, R.; Jimenez, J. L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Ortega, A. M.; Toohey, D. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Froyd, K. D.; Holloway, J. S.; Gilman, J. B.; Kuster, W. C.; De Gouw, J. A.; Brioude, J.; Angevine, W. M.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO USA. [Zhao, Y.; Cliff, S. S.] Univ Calif Davis, Air Qual Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Hu, W. W.] Peking Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Flynn, J. H.; Lefer, B. L.; Grossberg, N.; Alvarez, S.; Rappenglueck, B.] Univ Houston, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Houston, TX USA. [Taylor, J. W.; Allan, J. D.] Univ Manchester, Sch Earth Atmospher & Environm Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Allan, J. D.] Univ Manchester, Natl Ctr Atmospher Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Massoli, P.] Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA USA. [Zhang, X.; Liu, J.; Weber, R. J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Corrigan, A. L.; Russell, L. M.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Isaacman, G.; Worton, D. R.; Goldstein, A. H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Worton, D. R.; Kreisberg, N. M.] Aerosol Dynam Inc, Berkeley, CA USA. [Lin, Y. H.; Surratt, J. D.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Kleindienst, T. E.; Offenberg, J. H.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Dusanter, S.; Griffith, S.; Stevens, P. S.] Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Ctr Res Environm Sci, Bloomington, IN USA. [Dusanter, S.; Griffith, S.; Stevens, P. S.] Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN USA. [Dusanter, S.] Univ Lille Nord France, Lille, France. [Dusanter, S.] EMDouai, Douai, France. RP Jimenez, JL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM jose.jimenez@colorado.edu RI Surratt, Jason/D-3611-2009; Holloway, John/F-9911-2012; Isaacman-VanWertz, Gabriel/I-5590-2014; de Gouw, Joost/A-9675-2008; Toohey, Darin/A-4267-2008; Volkamer, Rainer/B-8925-2016; Lin, Ying-Hsuan/J-4023-2014; Gilman, Jessica/E-7751-2010; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; Kuster, William/E-7421-2010; Offenberg, John/C-3787-2009; Jimenez, Jose/A-5294-2008; Allan, James/B-1160-2010; Brioude, Jerome/E-4629-2011; Froyd, Karl/H-6607-2013; Worton, David/A-8374-2012; Ortega, Amber/B-5548-2014; Liu, Jiumeng/K-2024-2012; Hu, Weiwei/C-7892-2014; Angevine, Wayne/H-9849-2013; Goldstein, Allen/A-6857-2011; Zhang, Xiaolu/F-9190-2011; OI Surratt, Jason/0000-0002-6833-1450; Holloway, John/0000-0002-4585-9594; Isaacman-VanWertz, Gabriel/0000-0002-3717-4798; de Gouw, Joost/0000-0002-0385-1826; Toohey, Darin/0000-0003-2853-1068; Volkamer, Rainer/0000-0002-0899-1369; Lin, Ying-Hsuan/0000-0001-8904-1287; Gilman, Jessica/0000-0002-7899-9948; Kuster, William/0000-0002-8788-8588; Offenberg, John/0000-0002-0213-4024; Jimenez, Jose/0000-0001-6203-1847; Allan, James/0000-0001-6492-4876; Worton, David/0000-0002-6558-5586; Ortega, Amber/0000-0002-4381-7892; Liu, Jiumeng/0000-0001-7238-593X; Angevine, Wayne/0000-0002-8021-7116; Goldstein, Allen/0000-0003-4014-4896; Taylor, Jonathan/0000-0002-2120-186X FU CARB [08-319, 11-305, 09-350]; DOE (BER, ASR Program) [DE-SC0006035, DE-SC0006711, DE-FG02-11ER65293]; CIRES Visiting Fellows Program; US DOE SCGF Program (ORAU, ORISE) [DE-AC05-06OR23100]; Natural Environment Research Council [NE/H008136/1]; National Science Foundation [ATM-0931492, ATM-0802237, AGS-1009408] FX The authors thank Jochen Stutz and John Seinfeld for their leadership in organizing the Pasadena ground site, and CARB and NOAA for support of the site setup. We also wish to thank Ingrid Ulbrich for helpful discussions regarding the PMF analysis and Cora Young for providing radical budgets for the CalNex ground site. The Jimenez Group acknowledges support from CARB 08-319 and CARB 11-305 as well as DOE (BER, ASR Program) DE-SC0006035, DE-SC0006711, and DE-FG02-11ER65293. PLH and AMO acknowledge fellowships from the CIRES Visiting Fellows Program and US DOE SCGF Program (ORAU, ORISE, DE-AC05-06OR23100), respectively. JT and JDA acknowledge funding from the Natural Environment Research Council [Ref: NE/H008136/1]. RJW and XZ were funded through National Science Foundation grants ATM-0931492 and ATM-0802237. ALC acknowledges fellowship support from US DOE SCGF Program (ORAU, ORISE, DE-AC05-06OR23100) and other expenses from NSF grant AGS-1009408. YZ and SSC acknowledge support from CARB 09-350. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development collaborated in the research described here; the manuscript has been subjected to peer review and has been cleared for publication; mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the EPA. NR 135 TC 70 Z9 71 U1 20 U2 128 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD AUG 27 PY 2013 VL 118 IS 16 BP 9233 EP 9257 DI 10.1002/jgrd.50530 PG 25 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 225AE UT WOS:000324933900034 ER PT J AU Nye, JA Gamble, RJ Link, JS AF Nye, Janet A. Gamble, Robert J. Link, Jason S. TI The relative impact of warming and removing top predators on the Northeast US large marine biotic community SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE ATLANTIS; Ecosystem modeling; Ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM); Top predators; Climate; Additive and non-additive interactions ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; ECOSYSTEM MODELS; GEORGES-BANK; NORTHWEST ATLANTIC; REGIME SHIFTS; FOOD-WEB; FISHERIES MANAGEMENT; TROPHIC STRUCTURE; FISH COMMUNITIES AB Ecosystem-based fisheries management necessitates that we take a more holistic view of the many factors affecting ecosystems. All too often, perturbations to fisheries ecosystems are studied in isolation even though there may be important interactions among them that yield unexpected ecosystem states. The Northeast US continental shelf large marine ecosystem (NES LME) has undergone a number of changes in biophysical processes, trophic structure, and exploitation rates over the last fifty years. Changes in community assemblages, shifts in spatial distribution of many species, and the failure of fisheries to fully recover from overexploitation in the NES LME have been attributed to both the removal of large demersal fish predators and climate variability, as well as indirect effects cascading through the food web. As with many ecosystems, it is difficult to separate the effects of multiple perturbations that can affect marine ecosystems. However, recent advances in ecosystem modeling allow us to explore the relative and synergistic effects of these perturbations in silica that would otherwise be impossible in situ or experimentally. We examined the relative effects of warming and removal of large predators by modeling both of these effects separately and then in combination. Interactions amongst such changes tended to be additive, but the magnitude of synergistic effects was potentially very large in some cases. These results demonstrate the power of ecosystem models in evaluating management options. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Nye, Janet A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02881 USA. [Nye, Janet A.; Gamble, Robert J.] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Link, Jason S.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP Nye, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02881 USA. EM Janet.Nye@stonybrook.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX We thank S. Lucey, J. Grear, D. Campbell and 3 anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. This is contribution number AED-12-028 of the Atlantic Ecology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Although the research described in this article has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, it has not been subjected to Agency review. Therefore, it does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. NR 105 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 85 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 EI 1872-7026 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD AUG 24 PY 2013 VL 264 SI SI BP 157 EP 168 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2012.08.019 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 198QZ UT WOS:000322938700013 ER PT J AU Wade, TJ Sams, EA Beach, MJ Collier, SA Dufour, AP AF Wade, Timothy J. Sams, Elizabeth A. Beach, Michael J. Collier, Sarah A. Dufour, Alfred P. TI The incidence and health burden of earaches attributable to recreational swimming in natural waters: a prospective cohort study SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID ACUTE OTITIS-EXTERNA; RAPIDLY MEASURED INDICATORS; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; CAUSAL INFERENCE; SWIMMERS EAR; QUALITY; ILLNESS AB Background: Earaches and outer ear infections are commonly associated with swimming. In this study, we estimated the excess risk and health burden of earaches due to swimming in natural fresh and marine waters using results from a survey of over 50,000 beachgoers at nine beaches across the United States. Methods: Prospective cohort studies were conducted at four freshwater and five marine sites in the United States and Puerto Rico. Beach visitors were enrolled on summer weekends and holidays. Ten to twelve days after the beach visit, respondents answered questions about health symptoms, including earaches or ear infections experienced since the beach visit. Economic and physical burdens were also obtained. Fixed slope, random intercept (beach site) multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the relationship between head immersion swimming exposure and earaches. Model results were used to calculate excess risk for earaches attributable to swimming. Results: The overall incidence of self-reported earache was 1.6% in the 10-12 days after the beach visit. Earaches were more frequent in head immersion swimmers compared to non-swimmers for all beach sites and age groups. Earaches were unassociated with water sample measures of fecal contamination and turbidity. After adjustment for covariates, we calculated 7.12 excess earaches among head immersion swimmers per 1,000 swimming events. Twenty-four percent of those with earache reported missing their regular activities; 28% visited a doctor; 4% visited the emergency room; and 31% and 40% used prescription and non-prescription medications, respectively. Conclusions: There are at least 128 million swimming events in natural waters annually. Such frequent exposures could result in 900,000 excess earaches, 260,000 visits to the doctor, 39,900 visits to the emergency room, nearly $4 million dollars in out-of-pocket expenditures on prescription and over-the-counter medications, and close to 75,000 hours of clinician time. More accurate estimates of swimming exposure are needed to improve population burden and associated cost estimates. C1 [Wade, Timothy J.; Sams, Elizabeth A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Beach, Michael J.; Collier, Sarah A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dufour, Alfred P.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Wade, TJ (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Chapel Hill, NC USA. EM wade.tim@epa.gov NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 12 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-069X J9 ENVIRON HEALTH-GLOB JI Environ. Health PD AUG 21 PY 2013 VL 12 AR 67 DI 10.1186/1476-069X-12-67 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 208LP UT WOS:000323680800001 PM 23962340 ER PT J AU Del Toral, MA Porter, A Schock, MR AF Del Toral, Miguel A. Porter, Andrea Schock, Michael R. TI Detection and Evaluation of Elevated Lead Release from Service Lines: A Field Study SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DRINKING-WATER; GALVANIC CORROSION; PARTICULATE LEAD; TAP WATER; EXPERIENCE; EXPOSURE; FLOW; DIFFUSION; MODEL; PB AB Comparative stagnation sampling conducted in 32 homes in Chicago, Illinois with lead service lines demonstrated that the existing regulatory sampling protocol under the U.S. Lead and Copper Rule systematically misses the high lead levels and potential human exposure. Lead levels measured with sequential sampling were highest within the lead service lines, with maximum values more than four times higher than Chicago's regulatory compliance results using a first-draw sampling protocol. There was significant variability in lead values from different points within individual lead service lines and among different lead service line sites across the city. Although other factors could also influence lead levels, the highest lead results most often were associated with sites having known disturbances to the lead service lines. This study underscores the importance and interdependence of sample site selection, sampling protocol, and other factors in assessing lead levels in a public water system. C1 [Del Toral, Miguel A.; Porter, Andrea] US EPA, GWDWB, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. [Schock, Michael R.] US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Del Toral, MA (reprint author), US EPA, GWDWB, Reg 5,77 West Jackson Blvd, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. EM deltoral.miguel@epa.gov NR 41 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 20 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 16 BP 9300 EP 9307 DI 10.1021/es4003636 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 205VA UT WOS:000323471700038 PM 23879429 ER PT J AU Sekine, R Khaksar, M Brunetti, G Donner, E Scheckel, KG Lombi, E Vasilev, K AF Sekine, Ryo Khaksar, Maryam Brunetti, Gianluca Donner, Erica Scheckel, Kirk G. Lombi, Enzo Vasilev, Krasimir TI Surface Immobilization of Engineered Nanomaterials for in Situ Study of their Environmental Transformations and Fate SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; COATED SILVER NANOPARTICLES; ORGANIC-MATTER; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; WASTE-WATER; WEATHERING RATES; NATURAL-WATERS; DISSOLUTION; AGGREGATION; STABILITY AB The transformation and environmental fate of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is the focus of intense research due to concerns about their potential impacts in the environment as a result of their uniquely engineered properties. Many approaches are being applied to investigate the complex interactions and transformation processes ENMs may undergo in aqueous and terrestrial environments. However, major challenges remain due to the difficulties in detecting, separating, and analyzing ENMs from environmental matrices. In this work, a novel technique capable of in situ study of ENMs is presented. By exploiting the functional interactions between surface modified silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and plasma-deposited polymer films, AgNPs were immobilized on to solid supports that can be deployed in the field and retrieved for analysis. Either negatively charged citrate or polyethylene glycol, or positively charged polyethyleneimine were used to cap the AgNPs, which were deployed in two field sites (lake and marina), two standard ecotoxicity media, and in primary sewage sludge for a period of up to 48 h. The chemical and physical transformations of AgNPs after exposure to different environments were analyzed by a combination of XAS and SEM/EDX, taken directly from the substrates. Cystine- or glutathione-bound Ag were found to be the dominant forms of Ag in transformed ENMs, but different extents of transformation were observed across different exposure conditions and surface charges. These results successfully demonstrate the feasibility of using immobilized ENMs to examine their likely transformations in situ in real environments and provide further insight into the short-term fate of AgNPs in the environment. Both the advantages and the limitations of this approach are discussed. C1 [Sekine, Ryo; Brunetti, Gianluca; Donner, Erica; Lombi, Enzo] Univ S Australia, Ctr Environm Risk Assessment & Remediat, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia. [Khaksar, Maryam; Vasilev, Krasimir] Univ S Australia, Mawson Inst, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia. [Brunetti, Gianluca] Univ Bari Aldo Moro, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Donner, Erica] CRC CARE, Salisbury, SA 5106, Australia. [Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. RP Sekine, R (reprint author), Univ S Australia, Ctr Environm Risk Assessment & Remediat, Bldg X,Mawson Lakes Campus, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia. EM Ryo.Sekine@unisa.edu.au RI Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009; Sekine, Ryo/F-3721-2013; ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; Lombi, Enzo/F-3860-2013; Donner, Erica/A-4809-2012 OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241; Sekine, Ryo/0000-0001-9980-0603; Lombi, Enzo/0000-0003-3384-0375; Donner, Erica/0000-0001-6465-2233 FU Australian Research Council Future Fellowship [FT100100337, FT100100292]; Australian Research Council [DP120101115]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX E.L. and K.V.. are recipients of Australian Research Council Future Fellowship FT100100337 and FT100100292, respectively. The funding support from the Australian Research Council Discovery Project DP120101115 is gratefully acknowledged. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed a portion of the research described here. It has not been subject to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. No official endorsement should be inferred. MRCAT operations are supported by the Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions. NR 49 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 94 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 20 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 16 BP 9308 EP 9316 DI 10.1021/es400839h PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 205VA UT WOS:000323471700039 PM 23879534 ER PT J AU Liang, ZB Keeley, A AF Liang, Zhanbei Keeley, Ann TI Filtration Recovery of Extracellular DNA from Environmental Water Samples SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FECAL INDICATOR BACTERIA; PROPIDIUM MONOAZIDE; QUANTITATIVE PCR; PLASMID DNA; ADSORPTION; KINETICS; CULTURE; QUANTIFICATION; DEGRADATION; PERSISTENCE AB qPCR methods are able to analyze DNA from microbes within hours of collecting water samples, providing the promptest notification and public awareness possible when unsafe pathogenic levels are reached. Health risk, however, may be overestimated by the presence of extracellular DNA (eDNA) that is corecovered by the filtration procedure which is the most commonly used method to concentrate target microbes from environmental waters. Using C. parvum 18S rRNA gene fragment as a representative of eDNA, we examined the impact of filters (types and pore sizes) and physiochemical properties of surface water samples on the recovery of spiked DNA. Our results indicated that binding affinities of various filter membranes were quantifiably different for eDNA fragments with the polycarbonate (PC) binding the least and mixed cellulose acetate and cellulose nitrate (MCE) binding the most as evidenced by up to 16% recovery of the spiked plasmid DNA with a pore size of 0.2 mu m. Water quality parameters also had a distinct influence on the recovery of eDNA which was enhanced by the presence of high total suspended solid (TSS) concentrations and reduced pH. At pH 53, with 150 mg/L of clay, DNA recovery was increased to as much as 18%. By shielding the negative charge, thus increasing the interaction of DNA and colloids, the increase of Na+ and Ca2+ concentrations resulted in more DNA binding and consequently more recovery from environmental water samples. Therefore, in addition to analytical uncertainties, potential differences in qPCR data from filtered waters characterized with low pH and high TSS and ionic strength should be considered in pollution assessments. C1 [Liang, Zhanbei] US EPA, Natl Res Council, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Keeley, Ann] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP Keeley, A (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 919 Kerr Res Dr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM keeley.ann@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) FX This research was funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). This article has not been subjected to internal policy review of the U.S. EPA. Therefore, the research results do not necessarily reflect the views of the agency or its policy. NR 32 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 67 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 20 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 16 BP 9324 EP 9331 DI 10.1021/es401342b PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 205VA UT WOS:000323471700041 PM 23869402 ER PT J AU Rich, DQ Ozkaynak, H Crooks, J Baxter, L Burke, J Ohman-Strickland, P Thevenet-Morrison, K Kipen, HM Zhang, JF Kostis, JB Lunden, M Hodas, N Turpin, BJ AF Rich, David Q. Oezkaynak, Haluk Crooks, James Baxter, Lisa Burke, Janet Ohman-Strickland, Pamela Thevenet-Morrison, Kelly Kipen, Howard M. Zhang, Junfeng Kostis, John B. Lunden, Melissa Hodas, Natasha Turpin, Barbara J. TI The Triggering of Myocardial Infarction by Fine Particles Is Enhanced When Particles Are Enriched in Secondary Species SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; CASE-CROSSOVER ANALYSIS; NONLOCAL CLOSURE-MODEL; ORGANIC AEROSOL; UNITED-STATES; EMERGENCY ADMISSIONS; HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS; MATTER CONSTITUENTS; TIME-SERIES AB Previous studies have reported an increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI) associated with acute increases in PM concentration. Recently, we reported that MI/fine particle (PM2.5) associations may be limited to transmural infarctions. In this study, we retained data on hospital discharges with a primary diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (using International Classification of Diseases ninth Revision [ICD-9] codes), for those admitted January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2006, who were >= 18 years of age, and were residents of New Jersey at the time of their MI. We excluded MI with a diagnosis of a previous MI and MI coded as a subendocardial infarction, leaving n = 1563 transmural infarctions available for analysis. We coupled these health data with PM2.5 species concentrations predicted by the Community Multiscale Air Quality chemical transport model, ambient PM2.5 concentrations, and used the same case-crossover methods to evaluate whether the relative odds of transmural MI associated with increased PM2.5 concentration is modified by the PM2.5 composition/mixture (i.e., mass fractions of sulfate, nitrate, elemental carbon, organic carbon, and ammonium). We found the largest relative odds estimates on the days with the highest tertile of sulfate mass fraction (OR = 1.13; 95% CI = 1.00, 1.27), nitrate mass fraction (OR = 1.18; 95% CI = 0.98, 1.35), and ammonium mass fraction (OR = 1.13; 95% CI = 1.00 1.28), and the lowest tertile of EC mass fraction (OR = 1.17; 95% CI = 1.03, 1.34). Air pollution mixtures on these days were enhanced in pollutants formed through atmospheric chemistry (i.e., secondary PM2.5) and depleted in primary pollutants (e.g., EC). When mixtures were laden with secondary PM species (sulfate, nitrate, and/or organics), we observed larger relative odds of myocardial infarction associated with increased PM2.5 concentrations. Further work is needed to confirm these findings and examine which secondary PM2.5 component(s) is/are responsible for an acute MI response. C1 [Rich, David Q.; Thevenet-Morrison, Kelly] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Oezkaynak, Haluk; Crooks, James; Baxter, Lisa; Burke, Janet] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ohman-Strickland, Pamela] Rutgers State Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Kipen, Howard M.] Rutgers State Univ, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Inst, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Kipen, Howard M.; Kostis, John B.] Rutgers State Univ, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, MIDAS Study Grp 19, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Zhang, Junfeng] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Lunden, Melissa] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Labs, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA USA. [Hodas, Natasha; Turpin, Barbara J.] Rutgers State Univ, Sch Environm & Biol Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. RP Rich, DQ (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, 265 Crittenden Blvd,CU420644, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. EM david_rich@urmc.rochester.edu RI Turpin, Barbara /D-8346-2012 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [CR-83407201-0]; NIEHS [NIEHS P30ES005022]; New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station; U.S. Department of Agriculture NIFA; Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need (GAANN) Fellowship; Environmental Protection Agency Science To Achieve Results Graduate Fellowship FX We gratefully acknowledge Wyat Appel of EPA's National Exposure Research Laboratory for his support with the application and description of the CMAQ model used in this work. This research was funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Cooperative Agreement CR-83407201-0), NIEHS-sponsored UMDNJ Center for Environmental Exposures and Disease (NIEHS P30ES005022), and the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station. Barbara Turpin was supported, in part, by the U.S. Department of Agriculture NIFA. Natasha Hodas was supported by a Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need (GAANN) Fellowship and an Environmental Protection Agency Science To Achieve Results Graduate Fellowship. Although this work was reviewed by EPA and approved for publications, it may not necessarily reflect official Agency policy. NR 61 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 20 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 16 BP 9414 EP 9423 DI 10.1021/es4027248 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 205VA UT WOS:000323471700052 PM 23819750 ER PT J AU Poynton, HC Lazorchak, JM Impellitteri, CA Blalock, B Smith, ME Struewing, K Unrine, J Roose, D AF Poynton, Helen C. Lazorchak, James M. Impellitteri, Christopher A. Blalock, Bonnie Smith, Mark E. Struewing, Katherine Unrine, Jason Roose, Deborah TI Toxicity and Transcriptomic Analysis in Hyalella azteca Suggests Increased Exposure and Susceptibility of Epibenthic Organisms to Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ZNO NANOPARTICLES; DAPHNIA-MAGNA; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; BULK ZNO; NANOMATERIALS; SOLUBILITY; MECHANISM; BIOAVAILABILITY; AGGREGATION; DISSOLUTION AB Nanoparticles (NPs) are expected to make their way into the aquatic environment where sedimentation of particles will likely occur, putting benthic organisms at particular risk. Therefore, organisms such as Hyalella azteca, an epibenthic crustacean which forages at the sediment surface, is likely to have a high potential exposure. Here we show that zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs are more toxic to H. azteca compared with the corresponding metal ion, Zn2+. Dissolution of ZnO NPs contributes about 50% of the Zn measured in the ZnO NP suspensions, and cannot account for the toxicity of these particles to H. azteca. However, gene expression analysis is unable to distinguish between the ZnO NP exposures and zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) exposures at equitoxic concentrations. These results lead us to hypothesize that ZnO NPs provide an enhanced exposure route for Zn2+ uptake into H. azteca, and possibly other sediment dwelling organisms. Our study supports the prediction that sediment dwelling organisms are highly susceptible to the effects of ZnO NPs and should be considered in the risk assessment of these nanomaterials. C1 [Poynton, Helen C.; Blalock, Bonnie] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Environm, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Lazorchak, James M.; Impellitteri, Christopher A.; Roose, Deborah] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Smith, Mark E.; Struewing, Katherine] McConnell Grp, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Unrine, Jason] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40508 USA. RP Poynton, HC (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Sch Environm, Harbor Campus, Boston, MA 02125 USA. EM Helen.poynton@umb.edu OI Unrine, Jason/0000-0003-3012-5261; Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571 FU University of Massachusetts, Boston; U.S. EPA through its Office of Research and Development FX This work is dedicated to memory of a colleague and great friend, Mark E. Smith. Support was provided by start-up funds from the University of Massachusetts, Boston to H.C.P. The U.S. EPA through its Office of Research and Development also partially funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. Special thanks to Drs. Adam Biales and Richard Connon for the helpful comments and suggestions provided on an earlier version of this manuscript and to Dr. Jennifer Bowen for use of the Mx3005P QPCR System. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 46 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 20 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 16 BP 9453 EP 9460 DI 10.1021/es401396t PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 205VA UT WOS:000323471700056 PM 23889737 ER PT J AU Scheckel, KG Diamond, GL Burgess, MF Klotzbach, JM Maddaloni, M Miller, BW Partridge, CR Serda, SM AF Scheckel, Kirk G. Diamond, Gary L. Burgess, Michele F. Klotzbach, Julie M. Maddaloni, Mark Miller, Bradley W. Partridge, Charles R. Serda, Sophia M. TI AMENDING SOILS WITH PHOSPHATE AS MEANS TO MITIGATE SOIL LEAD HAZARD: A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE STATE OF THE SCIENCE SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART B-CRITICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID SMELTER-CONTAMINATED SOIL; IN-SITU STABILIZATION; SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION PROCEDURE; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; VARYING PH CONDITIONS; FIRING RANGE SOILS; 25 DEGREES C; ARSENIC UPTAKE; RELATIVE BIOAVAILABILITY; ENVIRONMENTAL LEAD AB Ingested soil and surface dust may be important contributors to elevated blood lead (Pb) levels in children exposed to Pb contaminated environments. Mitigation strategies have typically focused on excavation and removal of the contaminated soil. However, this is not always feasible for addressing widely disseminated contamination in populated areas often encountered in urban environments. The rationale for amending soils with phosphate is that phosphate will promote formation of highly insoluble Pb species (e.g., pyromorphite minerals) in soil, which will remain insoluble after ingestion and, therefore, inaccessible to absorption mechanisms in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Amending soil with phosphate might potentially be used in combination with other methods that reduce contact with or migration of contaminated soils, such as covering the soil with a green cap such as sod, clean soil with mulch, raised garden beds, or gravel. These remediation strategies may be less expensive and far less disruptive than excavation and removal of soil. This review evaluates evidence for efficacy of phosphate amendments for decreasing soil Pb bioavailability. Evidence is reviewed for (1) physical and chemical interactions of Pb and phosphate that would be expected to influence bioavailability, (2) effects of phosphate amendments on soil Pb bioaccessibility (i.e., predicted solubility of Pb in the GIT), and (3) results of bioavailability bioassays of amended soils conducted in humans and animal models. Practical implementation issues, such as criteria and methods for evaluating efficacy, and potential effects of phosphate on mobility and bioavailability of co-contaminants in soil are also discussed. C1 [Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. [Diamond, Gary L.; Klotzbach, Julie M.] SRC Inc, North Syracuse, NY USA. [Burgess, Michele F.] US EPA, Off Superfund Remediat & Technol Innovat, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Maddaloni, Mark] US EPA, New York, NY USA. [Miller, Bradley W.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Partridge, Charles R.] US EPA, Denver, CO USA. [Serda, Sophia M.] US EPA, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Scheckel, KG (reprint author), US EPA, 5995 Ctr Hill Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. EM scheckel.kirk@epa.gov OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation (OSRTI), under General Services Administration [GS 00F 0019L]; U.S. EPA Region 9 Superfund Program; U.S. EPA OSRTI Technical Review Workgroup Bioavailability Committee; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX Portions of this work were funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation (OSRTI), under General Services Administration contract GS 00F 0019L. The authors gratefully acknowledge support from U.S. EPA Region 9 Superfund Program and the U.S. EPA OSRTI Technical Review Workgroup Bioavailability Committee. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to agency review and approved for publication. No attempt was made to validate data in the cited literature. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 224 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 9 U2 84 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1093-7404 EI 1521-6950 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL B JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health-Pt b-Crit. Rev. PD AUG 18 PY 2013 VL 16 IS 6 BP 337 EP 380 DI 10.1080/10937404.2013.825216 PG 44 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 240AK UT WOS:000326066900001 PM 24151967 ER PT J AU Zehraoui, A Hassan, AA Sorial, GA AF Zehraoui, Abderrahman Hassan, Ashraf Aly Sorial, George A. TI Biological treatment of n-hexane and methanol in trickle bed air biofilters under acidic conditions SO BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Biofiltration; Fungi; n-Hexane; Methanol; Trickle-bed-air-biofilters (TBABs); VOCs ID BIOMASS ACCUMULATION; CONTROL STRATEGIES; PHASE BIOREACTOR; HYDROGEN-SULFIDE; WASTE GASES; REMOVAL; BIOFILTRATION; PERFORMANCE; BENZENE; OPERATION AB This study focuses on evaluating the degradation of n-hexane/methanol mixture in trickle-bed-air-biofilters (TBABs). Two different concentration ratios of methanol:n-hexane were evaluated (3:1) for TBAB "A" and (5:1) for TBAB "B". Both TBABs were run and fed with nutrients buffered at pH 4 for encouraging the growth of fungi. The TBABs were loaded with pelletized diatomaceous earth support media and were run at an empty bed residence time of 120 s. n-Hexane loading rates (LRs) ranged from 0.9 to 13.2 g/m(3) h for both TBABs. The corresponding methanol LRs varied from 2.3 to 37.7 g/m(3) h and from 4.6 to 64.5 g/m(3) h for TBABs "A" and "B", respectively. Experimental results have shown that the degradation of n-hexane in presence of methanol is enhanced for n-hexane LRs less than 10.6 g/m(3) h as compared to previous study for sole-fed n-hexane, but for n-hexane LRs of 13.2 g/m(3) h, the performance of TBABs in eliminating n-hexane depended on the methanol to n-hexane ratios. The impact was less severe for TBAB "A" (RE 85%) as compared to TBAB "B" (RE 72%). This is attributed to the high LRs of methanol in TBAB "B". n-Hexane performance stability was another advantage attained. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zehraoui, Abderrahman; Sorial, George A.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Environm Engn Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Hassan, Ashraf Aly] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NRMRL, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Sorial, GA (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Environm Engn Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM george.sorial@uc.edu FU National Science Foundation [CBET 0852803] FX The authors would like to thank the financial support from National Science Foundation under award # CBET 0852803. The finding and conclusions expressed in this publication are solely those of the authors and do not necessary reflect the views of the Foundation. NR 34 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1369-703X EI 1873-295X J9 BIOCHEM ENG J JI Biochem. Eng. J. PD AUG 15 PY 2013 VL 77 BP 129 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.bej.2013.06.001 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering GA 207JE UT WOS:000323593900017 ER PT J AU Li, YY Huang, WC Niu, L Umbach, DM Covo, S Li, LP AF Li, Yuanyuan Huang, Weichun Niu, Liang Umbach, David M. Covo, Shay Li, Leping TI Characterization of constitutive CTCF/cohesin loci: a possible role in establishing topological domains in mammalian genomes SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE CTCF; Cohesin; Constitutive binding site; Chromatin interaction; Topological domain ID CCCTC-BINDING-FACTOR; C-MYC GENE; CTCF-BINDING; REGULATORY ELEMENTS; DNA-REPLICATION; CHROMATIN INTERACTIONS; HYPERSENSITIVE SITES; COHESIN; PROTEIN; ORGANIZATION AB Background: Recent studies suggested that human/mammalian genomes are divided into large, discrete domains that are units of chromosome organization. CTCF, a CCCTC binding factor, has a diverse role in genome regulation including transcriptional regulation, chromosome-boundary insulation, DNA replication, and chromatin packaging. It remains unclear whether a subset of CTCF binding sites plays a functional role in establishing/maintaining chromatin topological domains. Results: We systematically analysed the genomic, transcriptomic and epigenetic profiles of the CTCF binding sites in 56 human cell lines from ENCODE. We identified similar to 24,000 CTCF sites (referred to as constitutive sites) that were bound in more than 90% of the cell lines. Our analysis revealed: 1) constitutive CTCF loci were located in constitutive open chromatin and often co-localized with constitutive cohesin loci; 2) most constitutive CTCF loci were distant from transcription start sites and lacked CpG islands but were enriched with the full-spectrum CTCF motifs: a recently reported 33/34-mer and two other potentially novel (22/26-mer); 3) more importantly, most constitutive CTCF loci were present in CTCF-mediated chromatin interactions detected by ChIA-PET and these pair-wise interactions occurred predominantly within, but not between, topological domains identified by Hi-C. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the constitutive CTCF sites may play a role in organizing/maintaining the recently identified topological domains that are common across most human cells. C1 [Li, Yuanyuan; Huang, Weichun; Niu, Liang; Umbach, David M.; Li, Leping] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, Durham, NC 27709 USA. [Covo, Shay] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Robert H Smith Fac Agr Food & Environm, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Rehovot, Israel. RP Li, LP (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, Res Triangle Pk, Durham, NC 27709 USA. EM li3@niehs.nih.gov FU Computational Biology Facility at NIEHS; Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [ES101765] FX This research was supported by Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (ES101765). NR 57 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 22 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD AUG 14 PY 2013 VL 14 AR 553 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-553 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 210NH UT WOS:000323840000001 PM 23945083 ER PT J AU Sharifi, A Kalin, L Hantush, MM Isik, S Jordan, TE AF Sharifi, Amirreza Kalin, Latif Hantush, Mohamed M. Isik, Sabahattin Jordan, Thomas E. TI Carbon dynamics and export from flooded wetlands: A modeling approach SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Wetlands; Model; Carbon; Methane; CH4; DOC; Dissolved organic carbon; Carbon export; Greenhouse gas emission; Aerobic; Anaerobic; Diffusion; Ebullition ID ORGANIC-CARBON; METHANE EMISSIONS; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; WATER; UNCERTAINTY; ECOSYSTEMS; OXIDATION; MATTER; SOIL; VEGETATION AB Described in this article is development and validation of a process based model for carbon cycling in flooded wetlands, called WetQual-C. The model considers various biogeochemical interactions affecting C cycling, greenhouse gas emissions, organic carbon export and retention. WetQual-C couples carbon cycling with other interrelated geochemical cycles in wetlands, i.e. nitrogen and oxygen; and fully reflects the dynamics of the thin oxidized zone at the soil-water interface. Using field collected data from a small wetland receiving runoff from an agricultural watershed on the eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay, we assessed model performance and carried out a thorough sensitivity and uncertainty analysis to evaluate the credibility of the model. Overall, model performed well in capturing TOC export fluctuations and dynamics from the study wetland. Model results revealed that over a period of 2 years, the wetland removed or retained equivalent to 47 +/- 12% of the OC carbon intake, mostly via DC decomposition and DOC diffusion to sediment. The study wetland appeared as a carbon sink rather than source and proved its purpose as a relatively effective and low cost mean for improving water quality. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sharifi, Amirreza; Kalin, Latif] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Hantush, Mohamed M.] US EPA, Land Remediat & Pollut Control Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, ORD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Isik, Sabahattin] Turgut Ozal Univ, Fac Engn, Ankara, Turkey. [Jordan, Thomas E.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Kalin, L (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, 602 Duncan Dr, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM Latif@auburn.edu RI ISIK, Sabahattin/G-5265-2012 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP08C000066]; Auburn University, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under contract (EP08C000066) with Auburn University, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences. It has not been subject to the Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 56 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 75 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 EI 1872-7026 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD AUG 10 PY 2013 VL 263 BP 196 EP 210 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2013.04.023 PG 15 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 197NJ UT WOS:000322857600019 ER PT J AU Seymour, MB Chen, GX Su, CM Li, YS AF Seymour, Megan B. Chen, Gexin Su, Chunming Li, Yusong TI Transport and Retention of Colloids in Porous Media: Does Shape Really Matter? SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GRANITIC GROUNDWATER SYSTEMS; LASER-SCANNING CYTOMETRY; CARBON NANOTUBES; NONSPHERICAL PARTICLES; ELLIPSOIDAL PARTICLES; SOLUTION CHEMISTRY; DOUBLE-LAYER; DEPOSITION; SURFACE; NANOPARTICLES AB The effect of particle shape on its transport and retention in porous media was evaluated by stretching carboxylate-modified fluorescent polystyrene spheres into rod shapes with aspect ratios of 2:1 and 4:1. Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) experiments were conducted to measure the deposition rates of spherical and rod-shaped nanoparticles to the collector (poly-L-lysine coated silica sensor) surface under favorable conditions. The spherical particles displayed a significantly higher deposition rate compared with that of the rod-shaped particles. Theoretical analysis based on Smoluchowski-Levich approximation indicated that the rod-shaped particles largely counterbalance the attractive energies due to higher hydrodynamic forces and torques experienced during their transport and rotation. Under unfavorable conditions, the retention of nanoparticles in a microfluidic flow cell packed with glass beads was studied with the use of laser scanning cytometry (LSC). Significantly more attachment was observed for rod-shaped particles than spherical particles, and the attachment rate of the rod-shaped particles showed an increasing trend with the increase in injection volume. Rod-shaped particles were found to be less sensitive to the surface charge heterogeneity change than spherical particles. Increased attachment rate of rod-shaped particles was attributed to surface heterogeneity and possibly enhanced hydrophobicity during the stretching process. C1 [Seymour, Megan B.; Li, Yusong] Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Chen, Gexin] CNR, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Su, Chunming] US EPA, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP Li, YS (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM yli7@unl.edu RI Li, Yusong/D-8797-2013 FU National Science Foundation [CBET - 1133528]; EPA FX We thank Ms. Kathryn Camacho and Dr. Samir Mitragotri at the University of California, Santa Barbara for instructing us on the nanoparticle stretching method, and three anonymous reviewers for their very instructive comments. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under grant CBET - 1133528 and by an EPA student summer internship (M.B.S.). The work has not been subject to EPA review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the agency; no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 47 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 5 U2 77 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 6 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 15 BP 8391 EP 8398 DI 10.1021/es4016124 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 199RR UT WOS:000323013400040 PM 23822811 ER PT J AU Aurell, J Gullett, BK AF Aurell, Johanna Gullett, Brian K. TI Emission Factors from Aerial and Ground Measurements of Field and Laboratory Forest Burns in the Southeastern US: PM2.5, Black and Brown Carbon, VOC, and PCDD/PCDF SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRACE GASES; FIRE EMISSIONS; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; PARTICLE EMISSIONS; TROPICAL FOREST; BIOMASS; SIMULATIONS; COMBUSTION; AEROSOLS; CAROLINA AB Aerial- and ground-sampled emissions from three prescribed forest burns in the southeastern U.S. were compared to emissions from laboratory open burn tests using biomass from the same locations. A comprehensive array of emissions, including PM, black carbon (BC), brown carbon (BrC), carbon dioxide (CO2), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzoffirans (PCDFs) were sampled using ground-based and aerostat-lofted platforms for determination of emission factors. The PM2.5 emission factors ranged from 14 to 47 g/kg biomass, up to three times higher than previously published studies. The biomass type was the primary determinant of PM, rather than whether the emission sample was gathered from the laboratory or the field and from aerial- or ground-based sampling. The BC and BrC emission factors ranged from 1.2 to 2.1 g/kg biomass and 1.0 to 1.4 g/kg biomass, respectively. A decrease in BC and BrC emission factors with decreased combustion efficiency was found from both field and laboratory data. VOC emission factors increased with decreased combustion efficiency. No apparent differences in averaged emission factors were observed between the field and laboratory for BC, BrC, and VOCs. The average PCDD/PCDF emission factors ranged from 0.06 to 4.6 ng TEQ/kg biomass. C1 [Aurell, Johanna; Gullett, Brian K.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Gullett, BK (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gullett.brian@epa.gov RI Aurell, Johanna/L-2046-2013 FU trategic Environmental Research and Development Program; U.S. EPA FX This work was funded by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program and the U.S. EPA. Special thanks to: John Hall (SERDP); Susan Cohen, Danny Becker and personnel at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune (NC); Kevin Hiers and Brett Williams at Eglin Air Force Base (FL); and John Maitland and Thomas Clawson at Fort Jackson (SC). We are grateful to Roger Ottmar and David Weiss (US Forest Service), Karsten Baumann (Atmospheric Research and Analysis, Inc.), and Tim Johnson (PNNL) for research coordination and helpful assistance. Contributing EPA personnel included Chris Pressley, Dennis Tabor, Bill Squier, Bill Mitchell, and William Stevens (ORISE postdoctoral fellow). Aerostat operations were handled by Rob Gribble (ISSI, Inc.) with field assistance by Steve Terll (ARCADIS-US, Inc.). Jeff Blair of AethLabs donated use of the AE-52. Special thanks to Dahman Touati and Barbara Wyrzykowska (ARCADIS-US, Inc.) for analyses and Tiffany Yelverton and Amara Holder (U.S. EPA) for helpful BC/BrC discussions. This research was performed while J.A. held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the U.S. EPA/NRMRL. This publication has been subjected to the U.S. EPA's peer and administrative review and has been approved for publication as a U.S. EPA document. NR 51 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 103 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 6 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 15 BP 8443 EP 8452 DI 10.1021/es402101k PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 199RR UT WOS:000323013400046 PM 23895511 ER PT J AU Wambaugh, JF Setzer, RW Reif, DM Gangwal, S Mitchell-Blackwood, J Arnot, JA Joliet, O Frame, A Rabinowitz, J Knudsen, TB Judson, RS Egeghy, P Vallero, D Hubal, EAC AF Wambaugh, John F. Setzer, R. Woodrow Reif, David M. Gangwal, Sumit Mitchell-Blackwood, Jade Arnot, Jon A. Joliet, Olivier Frame, Alicia Rabinowitz, James Knudsen, Thomas B. Judson, Richard S. Egeghy, Peter Vallero, Daniel Hubal, Elaine A. Cohen TI High-Throughput Models for Exposure-Based Chemical Prioritization in the Expo Cast Project SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RISK-ASSESSMENT; MANUFACTURED CHEMICALS; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; TOXCAST PROGRAM; INTAKE FRACTION; TOXICITY; HAZARD; INITIATIVES; INFORMATION; PERFORMANCE AB The United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) must characterize potential risks to human health and the environment associated with manufacture and use of thousands of chemicals. High-throughput screening (HTS) for biological activity allows the ToxCast research program to prioritize chemical inventories for potential hazard. Similar capabilities for estimating exposure potential would support rapid risk-based prioritization for chemicals with limited information; here, we propose a framework for high-throughput exposure assessment. To demonstrate application, an analysis was conducted that predicts human exposure potential for chemicals and estimates uncertainty in these predictions by comparison to biomonitoring data. We evaluated 1936 chemicals using far-field mass balance human exposure models (USEtox and RAIDAR) and an indicator for indoor and/or consumer use. These predictions were compared to exposures inferred by Bayesian analysis from urine concentrations for 82 chemicals reported in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Joint regression on all factors provided a calibrated consensus prediction, the variance of which serves as an empirical determination of uncertainty for prioritization on absolute exposure potential. Information on use was found to be most predictive; generally, chemicals above the limit of detection in NHANES had consumer/indoor use. Coupled with hazard HTS, exposure HTS can place risk earlier in decision processes. High-priority chemicals become targets for further data collection. C1 [Wambaugh, John F.; Setzer, R. Woodrow; Reif, David M.; Gangwal, Sumit; Frame, Alicia; Rabinowitz, James; Knudsen, Thomas B.; Judson, Richard S.; Hubal, Elaine A. Cohen] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Mitchell-Blackwood, Jade; Egeghy, Peter; Vallero, Daniel] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Arnot, Jon A.] ARC, Toronto, ON M4M 1W4, Canada. [Arnot, Jon A.] Univ Toronto Scarborough, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada. [Joliet, Olivier] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Heath, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Frame, Alicia] ORISE, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Wambaugh, JF (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM wambaugh.john@epa.gov OI Judson, Richard/0000-0002-2348-9633; Wambaugh, John/0000-0002-4024-534X; Reif, David/0000-0001-7815-6767 NR 41 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 5 U2 64 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 6 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 15 BP 8479 EP 8488 DI 10.1021/es400482g PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 199RR UT WOS:000323013400050 PM 23758710 ER PT J AU Quadros, ME Pierson, R Tulve, NS Willis, R Rogers, K Thomas, TA Marr, LC AF Quadros, Marina E. Pierson, Raymond Tulve, Nicolle S. Willis, Robert Rogers, Kim Thomas, Treye A. Marr, Linsey C. TI Release of Silver from Nanotechnology-Based Consumer Products for Children SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IN-VITRO; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; TOXIC-CHEMICALS; NANOPARTICLES; EXPOSURE; CITRATE; BIOAVAILABILITY; RESPONSES; KINETICS; GROWTH AB We assessed the potential for children's exposure to bioavailable silver during the realistic use of selected nanotechnology-based consumer products (plush toy, fabric products, breast milk storage bags, sippy cups, cleaning products, humidifiers, and humidifier accessory). We measured the release of ionic and particulate silver from products into water, orange juice, milk formula, synthetic saliva, sweat, and urine (1:50 product to liquid mass ratio); into air; and onto dermal wipes. Of the liquid media, sweat and urine yielded the highest amount of silver release, up to 38% of the silver mass in products; tap water yielded the lowest amount, <= 1.5%. Leaching from a blanket into sweat plateaued within 5 min, with less silver released after washing. Between 0.3 and 23 mu g m(-2) of silver transferred from products to wipes. Aerosol concentrations were not significantly elevated during product use. Fabrics, a plush toy, and cleaning products were most likely to release silver. Silver leached mainly via dissolution and was facilitated in media with high salt concentrations. Levels of silver to which children may potentially be exposed during the normal use of these consumer products is predicted to be low, and bioavailable silver is expected to be in ionic rather than particulate form. C1 [Quadros, Marina E.; Pierson, Raymond; Marr, Linsey C.] Virginia Tech, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Tulve, Nicolle S.; Willis, Robert; Rogers, Kim] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Thomas, Treye A.] US Consumer Product Safety Commiss, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Quadros, ME (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Inst Crit Technol & Appl Sci, 233 ICTAS 1, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM marinaeq@vt.edu RI Vance, Marina/B-8711-2014; Marr, Linsey/C-9698-2010 OI Vance, Marina/0000-0003-0940-0353; Marr, Linsey/0000-0003-3628-6891 FU Office of Research and Development; National Science Foundation (NSF) [EF-0830093]; Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT); Virginia Tech's Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS); [RFQ:RT-10-00249] FX All authors contributed to the directions of the work, interpretation of results, and the preparation of this manuscript. All authors have given approval to the final version of the manuscript. RP. collected the analytical data. This work is part of an interagency agreement between the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). The EPA, through its Office of Research and Development, partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under contract RFQ:RT-10-00249 to Virginia Tech. Additional funding was provided by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under NSF Cooperative Agreement EF-0830093, Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), and Virginia Tech's Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS). This work has been subjected to EPA administrative review and approved for publication. The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CPSC. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use, nor does it imply that alternative products are unavailable or unable to be substituted after appropriate evaluation. NR 48 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 8 U2 85 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 6 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 15 BP 8894 EP 8901 DI 10.1021/es4015844 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 199RR UT WOS:000323013400099 PM 23822900 ER PT J AU Mitchell, J Pabon, N Collier, ZA Egeghy, PP Cohen-Hubal, E Linkov, I Vallero, DA AF Mitchell, Jade Pabon, Nicolas Collier, Zachary A. Egeghy, Peter P. Cohen-Hubal, Elaine Linkov, Igor Vallero, Daniel A. TI A Decision Analytic Approach to Exposure-Based Chemical Prioritization SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article AB The manufacture of novel synthetic chemicals has increased in volume and variety, but often the environmental and health risks are not fully understood in terms of toxicity and, in particular, exposure. While efforts to assess risks have generally been effective when sufficient data are available, the hazard and exposure data necessary to assess risks adequately are unavailable for the vast majority of chemicals in commerce. The US Environmental Protection Agency has initiated the ExpoCast Program to develop tools for rapid chemical evaluation based on potential for exposure. In this context, a model is presented in which chemicals are evaluated based on inherent chemical properties and behaviorally-based usage characteristics over the chemical's life cycle. These criteria are assessed and integrated within a decision analytic framework, facilitating rapid assessment and prioritization for future targeted testing and systems modeling. A case study outlines the prioritization process using 51 chemicals. The results show a preliminary relative ranking of chemicals based on exposure potential. The strength of this approach is the ability to integrate relevant statistical and mechanistic data with expert judgment, allowing for an initial tier assessment that can further inform targeted testing and risk management strategies. C1 [Mitchell, Jade] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Pabon, Nicolas] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Collier, Zachary A.; Linkov, Igor] USA, Environm Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Corps Engineers, Concord, MA USA. [Egeghy, Peter P.; Cohen-Hubal, Elaine; Vallero, Daniel A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Linkov, I (reprint author), USA, Environm Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Corps Engineers, Concord, MA USA. EM Igor.Linkov@usace.army.mil FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers [DW-96-95807601-0] FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development (funded and managed or partially funded and collaborated in) the research described here under an Interagency Agreement with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (DW-96-95807601-0). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 15 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 5 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 8 AR UNSP e70911 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0070911 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 218XC UT WOS:000324465000153 PM 23940664 ER PT J AU Shvedova, AA Yanamala, N Murray, AR Kisin, ER Khaliullin, T Hatfield, MK Tkach, AV Krantz, QT Nash, D King, C Gilmour, MI Gavett, SH AF Shvedova, Anna A. Yanamala, Naveena Murray, Ashley R. Kisin, Elena R. Khaliullin, Timur Hatfield, Meghan K. Tkach, Alexey V. Krantz, Q. T. Nash, David King, Charly Gilmour, M. Ian Gavett, Stephen H. TI OXIDATIVE STRESS, INFLAMMATORY BIOMARKERS, AND TOXICITY IN MOUSE LUNG AND LIVER AFTER INHALATION EXPOSURE TO 100% BIODIESEL OR PETROLEUM DIESEL EMISSIONS SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article ID FAILURE-PRONE RATS; EXHAUST INHALATION; ENGINE EXHAUST; PARTICLES; PARTICULATE; OILS; ACROLEIN; IMPACT; CELLS; FUEL AB Over the past decade, soy biodiesel (BD) has become a first alternative energy source that is economically viable and meets requirements of the Clean Air Act. Due to lower mass emissions and reduced hazardous compounds compared to diesel combustion emissions (CE), BD exposure is proposed to produce fewer adverse health effects. However, considering the broad use of BD and its blends in different industries, this assertion needs to be supported and validated by mechanistic and toxicological data. Here, adverse effects were compared in lungs and liver of BALB/cJ mice after inhalation exposure (0, 50, 150, or 500 g/m(3); 4 h/d, 5 d/wk, for 4 wk) to CE from 100% biodiesel (B100) and diesel (D100). Compared to D100, B100 CE produced a significant accumulation of oxidatively modified proteins (carbonyls), an increase in 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), a reduction of protein thiols, a depletion of antioxidant gluthatione (GSH), a dose-related rise in the levels of biomarkers of tissue damage (lactate dehydrogenase, LDH) in lungs, and inflammation (myeloperoxidase, MPO) in both lungs and liver. Significant differences in the levels of inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, interferon (IFN) , and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- were detected in lungs and liver upon B100 and D100 CE exposures. Overall, the tissue damage, oxidative stress, inflammation, and cytokine response were more pronounced in mice exposed to BD CE. Further studies are required to understand what combustion products in BD CE accelerate oxidative and inflammatory responses. C1 [Shvedova, Anna A.; Yanamala, Naveena; Murray, Ashley R.; Kisin, Elena R.; Khaliullin, Timur; Hatfield, Meghan K.; Tkach, Alexey V.] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Pathol & Physiol Res Branch, Morgantown, WV USA. [Shvedova, Anna A.; Murray, Ashley R.] W Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Krantz, Q. T.; King, Charly; Gilmour, M. Ian; Gavett, Stephen H.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Durham, NC USA. [Nash, David] ORISE, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Nash, David] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Shvedova, AA (reprint author), Pathol & Physiol Res Branch MS 2015, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM ats1@cdc.gov FU NIOSH [2927ZKCY] FX The authors are grateful to Bill Linak (U.S. EPA) for assistance in inhalation engineering and to Mary Daniels and Liz Boykin (U.S. EPA) for laboratory work. They also thank Dr. Vince Castranova and Dr. Teh-hsun B. Chen (CDC/NIOSH/HELD) and Dr. Mark Higuchi (U.S. EPA) for their discussion, comments, and feedback. This work was supported by NIOSH, 2927ZKCY. NR 53 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 EI 1087-2620 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PD AUG 3 PY 2013 VL 76 IS 15 BP 907 EP 921 DI 10.1080/15287394.2013.825217 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 240BK UT WOS:000326069500002 PM 24156694 ER PT J AU Noel-Brune, M Goldizen, FC Neira, M van den Berg, M Lewis, N King, M Suk, WA Carpenter, DO Arnold, RG Sly, PD AF Noel-Brune, Marie Goldizen, Fiona C. Neira, Maria van den Berg, Martin Lewis, Nancy King, Malcolm Suk, William A. Carpenter, David O. Arnold, Robert G. Sly, Peter D. TI Health effects of exposure to e-waste SO LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH LA English DT Letter C1 [Noel-Brune, Marie; Neira, Maria] WHO, Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Goldizen, Fiona C.; Sly, Peter D.] Univ Queensland, Queensland Childrens Med Res Inst, Childrens Hlth & Environm Program, Brisbane, Qld 4029, Australia. [van den Berg, Martin] Univ Utrecht, Inst Risk Assessment Sci, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Lewis, Nancy] East West Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. [King, Malcolm] Simon Fraser Univ, Inst Aboriginal Peoples Hlth, Canadian Inst Hlth Res, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Suk, William A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Carpenter, David O.] Univ Albany, Inst Hlth & Environm, Rensselaer, NY USA. [Arnold, Robert G.] Univ Arizona, Chem & Environm Engn Dept, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Noel-Brune, M (reprint author), WHO, Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. EM p.sly@uq.edu.au OI Sly, Peter/0000-0001-6305-2201 NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2214-109X J9 LANCET GLOB HEALTH JI Lancet Glob. Health PD AUG PY 2013 VL 1 IS 2 BP E70 EP E70 DI 10.1016/S2214-109X(13)70020-2 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AH8XV UT WOS:000336422400010 PM 25104155 ER PT J AU Wood, R Stuenkel, D Rosnick, R AF Wood, Raymond Stuenkel, David Rosnick, Reid TI CAP88-PC Version 4, an Updated Radionuclide NESHAPS Model SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE operational topic; computer calculations; dose assessment; radioactivity, airborne AB The latest version of the CAP88-PC computer model, Version 4, has many changes and improvements from previous versions. The most significant of these changes from a user perspective are the incorporation of age-dependent radionuclide dose and risk factors for ingestion and inhalation, the increase in the number of included radionuclides, and a change in the file management system used by the program. Other changes less visible to the user include new code architecture, incorporation of numerical solvers for the calculation of radioactive decay chains, including the ingrowth of decay products during air transport and ground surface deposition, enhanced error messages, updated on-line help, and a utility for migrating Version 3 datasets, wind files, and population files to Version 4. The modifications have produced a significant improvement in speed and stability for Version 4 relative to Version 3 and eliminated the solution approximations used in Version 3. The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency has implemented an extensive testing and documentation program for CAP88-PC Version 4 to address user concerns with past versions, resulting in enhanced documentation supporting compatibility with user software quality assurance programs. C1 [Wood, Raymond; Stuenkel, David] Trinity Engn Associates Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45231 USA. [Rosnick, Reid] US EPA, Off Radiat & Indoor Air, Washington, DC USA. RP Wood, R (reprint author), Trinity Engn Associates Inc, 8832 Falmouth Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45231 USA. EM rwood@trinityea.com FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [EP-D-10-073] FX Funding for this work was provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under contract EP-D-10-073. No conflicts of interest are declared for this paper. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 105 IS 2 SU 2 BP S169 EP S175 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 299AJ UT WOS:000330366300010 PM 23803671 ER PT J AU Wilson, DC Jones-Lepp, TL AF Wilson, Doyle C. Jones-Lepp, Tammy L. TI Emerging Contaminant Sources and Fate in Recharged Treated Wastewater, Lake Havasu City, Arizona SO ENVIRONMENTAL & ENGINEERING GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Emerging Contaminants; Effluent Injection; Hydrogeology; Colorado River ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DRINKING-WATER; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; TREATMENT-PLANT; SURFACE-WATER; GROUND-WATER; RIVER-BASIN; PHARMACEUTICALS; CHROMATOGRAPHY; BEHAVIOR AB In 2008, Lake Havasu City, Arizona, began a treated wastewater subsurface recharge program at its North Regional Wastewater Treatment Plant (NRP) to store treated wastewater, which is planned to be seasonally recovered for irrigation during the summer months. As a proactive measure, the city decided to monitor a suite of pharmaceuticals and other emerging contaminants (PECs) along with required regulatory constituents, e. g., nitrate. Potential contributing sources of PECs throughout the water system were identified, resulting in only six constituents detected in the untreated drinking water and treated drinking water, all at concentrations less than 50 ng/L. Thirty-three of 40 PECs analyzed were identified in the city's treated wastewater streams, with concentrations ranging from just above the detection level to 9000 ng/L (pseudoephedrine), clearly showing the dominating local urban use of these compounds. NRP treated wastewater is recharged via vadose zone injection wells. It migrates through alluvial fans sediments, some containing interstitial clays, forming a water mound and blending with groundwater of the Colorado River Aquifer. Sixteen of 33 PECs present in the NRP treated wastewater have concentrations above detection limits (>10 ng/L) within 150 m (492 ft) of the injection wells. Six PECs (sulfamethoxazole, carbamazepine, primidone, phenytoin, N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide [DEET], and meprobamate) remained above their respective detection limit in monitoring wells that penetrate sediments largely free of clay more than 560 m (1,840 ft) away from the injection wells. C1 [Wilson, Doyle C.] Operat Dept, Lake Havasu City, AZ 86403 USA. [Jones-Lepp, Tammy L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. RP Wilson, DC (reprint author), Operat Dept, 2330 McCulloch Blvd North, Lake Havasu City, AZ 86403 USA. EM wilsond@lhcaz.gov FU Lake Havasu City Council; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The authors would like to thank Lake Havasu City Council for their support of this work and city staff in assisting with water sample collection. Thanks also go to the Southern Nevada Water Authority River Mountain Operations Center laboratory for analyzing a major portion of the water samples. One of us, T.J.-L., would also like to thank two former students, Reza Kazemi and Randi-Laurent Olds (nee Taniguchi-Fu), for their invaluable assistance in the laboratory, without which this work could not have been completed. The CSAMT profile was supplied courtesy of Zonge International, Inc. Lastly, the authors would like to thank the journal reviewers and Editor Ira Sasowsky for their helpful comments to improve this manuscript.; The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the agency's administrative review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 62 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 37 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 1078-7275 EI 1558-9161 J9 ENVIRON ENG GEOSCI JI Environ. Eng. Geosci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 3 BP 231 EP 251 PG 21 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 264GE UT WOS:000327864200003 ER PT J AU Vane, LM Alvarez, FR AF Vane, Leland M. Alvarez, Franklin R. TI Hybrid vapor stripping-vapor permeation process for recovery and dehydration of 1-butanol and acetone/butanol/ethanol from dilute aqueous solutions. Part 1. Process Simulations SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE butanol; ABE; fermentation; biofuel; vapor permeation; dehydration ID BUTANOL PRODUCTION; BIOBUTANOL PRODUCTION; ENERGY-REQUIREMENTS; ECONOMIC-EVALUATION; RENEWABLE BIOMASS; WATER SEPARATION; N-BUTANOL; FERMENTATION; ETHANOL; ACETONE AB BACKGROUND: Fermentative production of butanol is limited to low concentrations, typically less than 2wt% solvent, due to product inhibition. The result is high separation energy demand by conventional distillation approaches, despite favorable vapor-liquid equilibrium and partial miscibility with water. In previous work, a process integrating steam stripping, vapor compression, and vapor permeation separation was proposed for separating ethanol from water. Such a membrane assisted vapor stripping (MAVS) process is considered in this work for 1-butanol/water and acetone/butanol/ethanol/water (ABE/water) separation. RESULTS: Using process simulations, the earlier MAVS design was estimated to require 6.2 MJ-fuel kg(-1)-butanol to produce 99.5 wt% 1-butanol from a 1wt% 1-butanol feed, representing an energy savings of 63% relative to a benchmark distillation/decanter system. Adding a fractional condensation step to the original MAVS design is predicted to reduce energy demand to only 4.8 MJ-fuel kg(-1)-butanol and reduce membrane area by 65%. CONCLUSION: In the hybrid distillation/membrane MAVS systems, the stripping column provides high butanol recovery and low effluent concentration while the vapor compression and membrane steps enable the efficient recovery of latent and sensible heat from both the retentate and permeate streams from the membrane system. Addition of the dephlegmator condenser reduces both compressor size and membrane area. Published 2013. This article is a U. S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Vane, Leland M.; Alvarez, Franklin R.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Vane, LM (reprint author), US EPA, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Vane.Leland@EPA.gov NR 50 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 7 U2 50 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0268-2575 EI 1097-4660 J9 J CHEM TECHNOL BIOT JI J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 88 IS 8 BP 1436 EP 1447 DI 10.1002/jctb.4087 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Engineering GA 242LL UT WOS:000326243300018 ER PT J AU Vane, LM Alvarez, FR Rosenblum, L Govindaswamy, S AF Vane, Leland M. Alvarez, Franklin R. Rosenblum, Laura Govindaswamy, Shekar TI Hybrid vapor stripping-vapor permeation process for recovery and dehydration of 1-butanol and acetone/butanol/ethanol from dilute aqueous solutions. Part 2. Experimental validation with simple mixtures and actual fermentation broth SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE vapor permeation; distillation; dehydration; butanol recovery; ABE fermentation ID ETHANOL-WATER SEPARATION; MIXED MATRIX MEMBRANES; PERVAPORATION; SILICONE AB BACKGROUNDIn Part1 of this work, a process integrating vapor stripping, vapor compression, and a vapor permeation membrane separation step, membrane assisted vapor stripping' (MAVS), was predicted to produce energy savings compared with traditional distillation systems for separating 1-butanol/water and acetone-butanol-ethanol/water (ABE/water) mixtures. Here, the separation performance and energy usage of a MAVS pilot system with such mixtures and an ABE fermentation broth were assessed. ResultsThe simple stripping process required 10.4MJ-fuel kg(-1)-butanol to achieve 85% butanol recovery from a 1.3wt% solution. Addition of the vapor compressor and membrane unit and return of the membrane permeate to the column raised 1-butanol content from 25wt% in the stripping vapor to 95wt% while cutting energy usage by 25%. Recovery of secondary fermentation products from the ABE broth were based on their relative vapor-liquid partitioning. All volatilized organic compounds were concentrated to roughly the same degree in the membrane step. Membrane permeance, selectivity, and overall MAVS energy usage were the same with the broth as with the ABE/water solution. ConclusionEnergy usage of the MAVS experimental unit corroborated process simulation predictions. Simulations of more advanced MAVS designs predict 74% energy savings compared with a distillation-decanter system. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA C1 [Vane, Leland M.; Alvarez, Franklin R.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Rosenblum, Laura] CB&I, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Govindaswamy, Shekar] BioTech Unlimited Inc, US EPA, Test & Evaluat Facil, Cincinnati, OH 45204 USA. RP Vane, LM (reprint author), US EPA, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Vane.Leland@EPA.gov NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 6 U2 33 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0268-2575 EI 1097-4660 J9 J CHEM TECHNOL BIOT JI J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 88 IS 8 BP 1448 EP 1458 DI 10.1002/jctb.4086 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Engineering GA 242LL UT WOS:000326243300007 ER PT J AU Mukherjee, R Sengupta, D Sikdar, SK AF Mukherjee, Rajib Sengupta, Debalina Sikdar, Subhas K. TI Parsimonious use of indicators for evaluating sustainability systems with multivariate statistical analyses SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT Article DE Principal component analysis (PCA); Partial least square-variable importance in projection (PLS-VIP); Sustainability; Indicators; Multivariate statistical analysis ID AGGREGATING MULTIPLE INDICATORS AB Indicators are commonly used for evaluating relative sustainability for competing products and processes. When a set of indicators is chosen for a particular system of study, it is important to ensure that they vary independently of each other. Often, the number of indicators characterizing a chosen system may be large. It is essential to select the most important indicators from a large set so that a dependable bias-free analysis can be done using the reduced set of indicators. In this paper, we propose the use of principal component analysis (PCA) along with the partial least square-variable importance in projection (PLS-VIP) method to ensure that the explicit or tacit assumption of the independence of the chosen indicators is valid. We have used two case studies to demonstrate successful use of these two methods for parsimonious use of indicators for sustainability analysis of systems. C1 [Mukherjee, Rajib; Sengupta, Debalina; Sikdar, Subhas K.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Sikdar, SK (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM sikdar.subhas@epa.gov FU Office of Research and Development of the United States Environmental Protection Agency FX This research was supported by the Office of Research and Development of the United States Environmental Protection Agency. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD AUG PY 2013 VL 15 IS 4 BP 699 EP 706 DI 10.1007/s10098-013-0614-6 PG 8 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 227HS UT WOS:000325103900015 ER PT J AU Rasa, E Bekins, BA Mackay, DM de Sieyes, NR Wilson, JT Feris, KP Wood, IA Scow, KM AF Rasa, Ehsan Bekins, Barbara A. Mackay, Douglas M. de Sieyes, Nicholas R. Wilson, John T. Feris, Kevin P. Wood, Isaac A. Scow, Kate M. TI Impacts of an ethanol-blended fuel release on groundwater and fate of produced methane: Simulation of field observations SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ethanol; BTEX; anaerobic; methanogenic; reactive transport ID SULFATE-REDUCING AQUIFER; NATURAL ATTENUATION; CRUDE-OIL; ANAEROBIC BIODEGRADATION; METHANOGENIC DEGRADATION; CONTAMINATED AQUIFER; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; POROUS-MEDIA; BTEX PLUME; O-XYLENE AB In a field experiment at Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) designed to mimic the impact of a small-volume release of E10 (10% ethanol and 90% conventional gasoline), two plumes were created by injecting extracted groundwater spiked with benzene, toluene, and o-xylene, abbreviated BToX (no-ethanol lane) and BToX plus ethanol (with-ethanol lane) for 283 days. We developed a reactive transport model to understand processes controlling the fate of ethanol and BToX. The model was calibrated to the extensive field data set and accounted for concentrations of sulfate, iron, acetate, and methane along with iron-reducing bacteria, sulfate-reducing bacteria, fermentative bacteria, and methanogenic archaea. The benzene plume was about 4.5 times longer in the with-ethanol lane than in the no-ethanol lane. Matching this different behavior in the two lanes required inhibiting benzene degradation in the presence of ethanol. Inclusion of iron reduction with negligible growth of iron reducers was required to reproduce the observed constant degradation rate of benzene. Modeling suggested that vertical dispersion and diffusion of sulfate from an adjacent aquitard were important sources of sulfate in the aquifer. Matching of methane data required incorporating initial fermentation of ethanol to acetate, methane loss by outgassing, and methane oxidation coupled to sulfate and iron reduction. Simulation of microbial growth using dual Monod kinetics, and including inhibition by more favorable electron acceptors, generally resulted in reasonable yields for microbial growth of 0.01-0.05. Key Points Reactive transport model of anaerobic ethanol and BToX field experiment Microbial growth simulations of sulfate reducers, fermenters and methanogens Simulations suggest methane oxidation is coupled to sulfate and iron reduction C1 [Rasa, Ehsan] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Bekins, Barbara A.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Mackay, Douglas M.; de Sieyes, Nicholas R.; Scow, Kate M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Wilson, John T.] US EPA, Ada, OK USA. [Feris, Kevin P.] Boise State Univ, Dept Biol, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Wood, Isaac A.] CH2M Hill Consultants, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Rasa, E (reprint author), Geosyntec Consultants, 1111 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94607 USA. EM erasa@ucdavis.edu FU American Petroleum Institute (API) [2010-104864]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P42ES004699]; University Consortium for Field Focused Groundwater Contamination Research FX The project described was supported by grant 2010-104864 from the American Petroleum Institute (API) and Award P42ES004699 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences or the National Institutes of Health. Additional support was provided by the University Consortium for Field Focused Groundwater Contamination Research. NR 56 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 44 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 49 IS 8 BP 4907 EP 4926 DI 10.1002/wrcr.20382 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 223VA UT WOS:000324838300029 PM 24678130 ER PT J AU Pruden, A Larsson, DGJ Amezquita, A Collignon, P Brandt, KK Graham, DW Lazorchak, JM Suzuki, S Silley, P Snape, JR Topp, E Zhang, T Zhu, YG AF Pruden, Amy Larsson, D. G. Joakim Amezquita, Alejandro Collignon, Peter Brandt, Kristian K. Graham, David W. Lazorchak, James M. Suzuki, Satoru Silley, Peter Snape, Jason R. Topp, Edward Zhang, Tong Zhu, Yong-Guan TI Management Options for Reducing the Release of Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance Genes to the Environment SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Review DE agriculture; antibiotic manufacturing; antibiotic resistance; aquaculture; livestock; manure management; policy; wastewater treatment ID WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; TETRACYCLINE RESISTANCE; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; TREATMENT PLANTS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; LAND APPLICATION; HUMAN HEALTH; BACTERIA; AQUACULTURE AB BACKGROUND: There is growing concern worldwide about the role of polluted soil and water environments in the development and dissemination of antibiotic resistance. OBJECTIVE: Our aim in this study was to identify management options for reducing the spread of antibiotics and antibiotic-resistance determinants via environmental pathways, with the ultimate goal of extending the useful life span of antibiotics. We also examined incentives and disincentives for action. METHODS: We focused on management options with respect to limiting agricultural sources; treatment of domestic, hospital, and industrial wastewater; and aquaculture. DISCUSSION: We identified several options, such as nutrient management, runoff control, and infrastructure upgrades. Where appropriate, a cross-section of examples from various regions of the world is provided. The importance of monitoring and validating effectiveness of management strategies is also highlighted. Finally, we describe a case study in Sweden that illustrates the critical role of communication to engage stake-holders and promote action. CONCLUSIONS: Environmental releases of antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria can in many cases be reduced at little or no cost. Some management options are synergistic with existing policies and goals. The anticipated benefit is an extended useful life span for current and future antibiotics. Although risk reductions are often difficult to quantify, the severity of accelerating worldwide morbidity and mortality rates associated with antibiotic resistance strongly indicate the need for action. C1 [Pruden, Amy] Virginia Tech, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Larsson, D. G. Joakim] Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Biomed, SE-41346 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Amezquita, Alejandro] Unilever Safety & Environm Assurance Ctr, Sharnbrook, Beds, England. [Collignon, Peter] Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Collignon, Peter] Canberra Hosp, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Brandt, Kristian K.] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Frederiksberg, Denmark. [Graham, David W.] Newcastle Univ, Sch Civil Engn & Geosci, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. [Lazorchak, James M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Suzuki, Satoru] Ehime Univ, Ctr Marine Environm Studies, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan. [Silley, Peter] MB Consult Ltd, Southampton, Hants, England. [Silley, Peter] Univ Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, W Yorkshire, England. [Snape, Jason R.] AstraZeneca, Brixham Environm Lab, Brixham, England. [Topp, Edward] Agr & Agri Food Canada, London, ON, Canada. [Zhang, Tong] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Civil Engn, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Yong-Guan] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Urban Environm, Key Lab Urban Environm & Hlth, Xiamen, Peoples R China. RP Larsson, DGJ (reprint author), Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Dept Infect Dis, Inst Biomed, Guldhedsgatan 10, SE-41346 Gothenburg, Sweden. EM joakim.larsson@fysiologi.gu.se RI Brandt, Kristian Koefoed/I-3240-2012; Zhang, Tong/C-6786-2008; Zhu, Yong-Guan/A-1412-2009; CAS, KLUEH-Cooperation/E-1148-2017; CAS, KLUEH/G-8978-2016; OI Brandt, Kristian Koefoed/0000-0001-7886-9708; Zhu, Yong-Guan/0000-0003-3861-8482; Topp, Ed/0000-0002-8273-9372; Larsson, D.G. Joakim/0000-0002-5496-0328; Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571 FU Canadian Society of Microbiologists; AstraZeneca Ltd.; Pfizer Animal Health; F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd.; GlaxoSmithKline; Unilever; Huvepharma; American Cleaning Institute; Canadian Animal Health Institute; German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety; Health Canada; Health Agency of Canada FX The workshop was sponsored by the Canadian Society of Microbiologists with financial support from AstraZeneca Ltd.; Pfizer Animal Health; F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd.; GlaxoSmithKline; Unilever; Huvepharma; the American Cleaning Institute; the Canadian Animal Health Institute; the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety; Health Canada; and the Public Health Agency of Canada. NR 107 TC 102 Z9 106 U1 57 U2 451 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 121 IS 8 BP 878 EP 885 DI 10.1289/ehp.1206446 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 208WC UT WOS:000323711700013 PM 23735422 ER PT J AU Lewandowski, M Piletic, IR Kleindienst, TE Offenberg, JH Beaver, MR Jaoui, M Docherty, KS Edney, EO AF Lewandowski, Michael Piletic, Ivan R. Kleindienst, Tadeusz E. Offenberg, John H. Beaver, Melinda R. Jaoui, Mohammed Docherty, Kenneth S. Edney, Edward O. TI Secondary organic aerosol characterisation at field sites across the United States during the spring-summer period SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE molecular tracers; secondary organic aerosol (SOA); secondary source apportionment; US field sites ID DICARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; HYDROXYL-GROUPS; DIURNAL CHANGES; AMBIENT PM2.5; ISOPRENE; PHOTOOXIDATION; IDENTIFICATION; OXIDATION; PRODUCTS AB Sources of secondary organic carbon at 15 field sites across the United States (U.S.) during the years 2003-2010 have been examined. Filter samples have been taken for 24-h at a site in Research Triangle Park, NC; at SEARCH sites in southeastern U.S. during May and August 2005; at LADCO sites from Mar 2004-Feb 2005; Riverside, CA during SOAR in 2005; Cleveland, OH during CMAPS; and Pasadena and Bakersfield, CA during CalNex (see text for acronyms.) Samples were extracted, derivatised, and analysed for organic tracers by GC-MS. The mass fraction method described by Kleindienst et al. was used to determine the contributions of the tracers to secondary organic carbon mass. Secondary organic aerosol masses were determined using laboratory-derived values for the organic mass-organic carbon (OM/OC) ratio. Results from the analysis show secondary organic carbon in the eastern and midwestern U.S. to be consistently dominated by SOA from biogenic emissions during the spring-summer period. SOA from biogenic emissions are far less important in the western U.S. during the same period with isoprene emissions being particularly weak. These sites in the western U.S. are in more densely populated, polluted regions of California and are probably not representative of sites in the rural western U.S. The ratio of tracers from monoterpenes can also provide information regarding presumed sources. Similarly, the ratio of isoprene tracers can provide information on reaction pathways (NOX vs. non-NOX) leading to the formation of SOA in the atmosphere. Updated tables for the identity and fragmentation of SOA molecular tracers and for mass fractions of four biogenic class types (isoprene, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol) and two anthropogenic class types (aromatic hydrocarbons and 2-ring PAHs) are given. C1 [Lewandowski, Michael; Piletic, Ivan R.; Kleindienst, Tadeusz E.; Offenberg, John H.; Beaver, Melinda R.; Edney, Edward O.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Jaoui, Mohammed; Docherty, Kenneth S.] Alion Sci & Technol, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Kleindienst, TE (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Kleindienst.Tad@epa.gov RI Offenberg, John/C-3787-2009 OI Offenberg, John/0000-0002-0213-4024 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP-D-05-065]; Southern Company FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and collaborated in the research described here under Contract EP-D-05-065 to Alion Science and Technology. The manuscript is subjected to external peer review and has been cleared for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation for use. Funding for this study was also provided by the Southern Company. We thank Professor James J. Schauer (University of Wisconsin, Madison) for help with the quantification standards for primary tracers and the SEARCH field group for their assistance with sample collection. NR 47 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 7 U2 57 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-7319 J9 INT J ENVIRON AN CH JI Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 93 IS 10 SI SI BP 1084 EP 1103 DI 10.1080/03067319.2013.803545 PG 20 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 212RI UT WOS:000324000100005 ER PT J AU Nel, AE Nasser, E Godwin, H Avery, D Bahadori, T Bergeson, L Beryt, E Bonner, JC Boverhof, D Carter, J Castranova, V DeShazo, JR Hussain, SM Kane, AB Klaessig, F Kuempel, E Lafranconi, M Landsiedel, R Malloy, T Miller, MB Morris, J Moss, K Oberdorster, G Pinkerton, K Pleus, RC Shatkin, JA Thomas, R Tolaymat, T Wang, A Wong, J AF Nel, Andre E. Nasser, Elina Godwin, Hilary Avery, David Bahadori, Tina Bergeson, Lynn Beryt, Elizabeth Bonner, James C. Boverhof, Darrell Carter, Janet Castranova, Vince DeShazo, J. R. Hussain, Saber M. Kane, Agnes B. Klaessig, Frederick Kuempel, Eileen Lafranconi, Mark Landsiedel, Robert Malloy, Timothy Miller, Mary Beth Morris, Jeffery Moss, Kenneth Oberdorster, Gunter Pinkerton, Kent Pleus, Richard C. Shatkin, Jo Anne Thomas, Russell Tolaymat, Thabet Wang, Amy Wong, Jeffrey TI A Multi-Stakeholder Perspective on the Use of Alternative Test Strategies for Nanomaterial Safety Assessment SO ACS NANO LA English DT Editorial Material ID WALLED-CARBON-NANOTUBES; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE LIMITS; LOW-SOLUBILITY PARTICLES; IN-VIVO DOSIMETRY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; LOW-TOXICITY; INHALATION TOXICITY; OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; SURFACE-AREA AB There has been a conceptual shift in toxicological studies from describing what happens to explaining how the adverse outcome occurs, thereby enabling a deeper and improved understanding of how biomolecular and mechanistic profiling can inform hazard identification and improve risk assessment. Compared to traditional toxicology methods, which have a heavy reliance on animals, new approaches to generate toxicological data are becoming available for the safety assessment of chemicals, including high-throughput and high-content screening (HTS, HCS). With the emergence of nanotechnology, the exponential increase in the total number of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in research, development, and commercialization requires a robust scientific approach to screen ENM safety in humans and the environment rapidly and efficiently. Spurred by the developments in chemical testing, a promising new toxicological paradigm for ENMs is to use alternative test strategies (ATS), which reduce reliance on animal testing through the use of in vitro and in silico methods such as HTS, HCS, and computational modeling. Furthermore, this allows for the comparative analysis of large numbers of ENMs simultaneously and for hazard assessment at various stages of the product development process and overall life cycle. Using carbon nanotubes as a case study, a workshop bringing together national and international leaders from government, industry, and academia was convened at the University of California, Los Angeles, to discuss the utility of ATS for decision-making analyses of ENMs. After lively discussions, a short list of generally shared viewpoints on this topic was generated, including a general view that ATS approaches for ENMs can significantly benefit chemical safety analysis. C1 [Nel, Andre E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div NanoMed, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Nel, Andre E.; Nasser, Elina; Godwin, Hilary; Avery, David; Beryt, Elizabeth; DeShazo, J. R.; Klaessig, Frederick; Malloy, Timothy; Shatkin, Jo Anne] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Univ Calif Ctr Environm Implicat Nanotechnol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Nanobiol & Predict Toxicol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Nel, Andre E.; Nasser, Elina; Godwin, Hilary; Avery, David; Beryt, Elizabeth] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Calif NanoSyst Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Nel, Andre E.; Godwin, Hilary] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Bahadori, Tina; Morris, Jeffery; Moss, Kenneth] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Bergeson, Lynn] Bergeson & Campbell PC, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Bonner, James C.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Boverhof, Darrell] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA. [Carter, Janet] Occupat Safety & Hlth Adm, Washington, DC 20210 USA. [Castranova, Vince; Kuempel, Eileen] NIOSH, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Beryt, Elizabeth; DeShazo, J. R.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Luskin Sch Publ Affairs, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Hussain, Saber M.] Air Force Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. [Kane, Agnes B.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Klaessig, Frederick] Penn Bio Nano Syst, Doylestown, PA 18901 USA. [Lafranconi, Mark] Tox Horizons LLC, Maineville, OH 45039 USA. [Landsiedel, Robert] BASF Prod Safety, DE-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany. [Malloy, Timothy] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles Sch Law, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Miller, Mary Beth] Appl Nano Struct Solut LLC, Lockheed Martin Co, Baltimore, MD 21220 USA. [Oberdorster, Gunter] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Pinkerton, Kent] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pleus, Richard C.] Intertox, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Shatkin, Jo Anne] Vireo Advisors, Boston, MA 02205 USA. [Thomas, Russell] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Tolaymat, Thabet] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Wang, Amy] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Wong, Jeffrey] Calif Dept Tox Subst Control, Sacramento, CA 95812 USA. RP Nel, AE (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div NanoMed, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM anel@mednet.ucla.edu RI Nel, Andre/J-2808-2012; Avery, David/G-8661-2016; OI Thomas, Russell/0000-0002-2340-0301 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [U19ES019528, U19 ES019528] NR 68 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 4 U2 65 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD AUG PY 2013 VL 7 IS 8 BP 6422 EP 6433 DI 10.1021/nn4037927 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 210DX UT WOS:000323810600003 PM 23924032 ER PT J AU Gullett, BK Oudejans, L Touati, A AF Gullett, Brian K. Oudejans, Lukas Touati, Abderrahmane TI Real-Time Measurement of Trace Air Toxic Vehicular Emissions by REMPI-TOFMS during Dynamometer Driving Cycles SO AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE REMPI-TOFMS; Mobile source air toxics; Trace aromatics; Transients; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Particulate matter; Diesel; Dynamometer ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; LASER MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DIESEL-ENGINE; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; EXHAUST-GAS; POLLUTANTS; OPERATION; VEHICLES AB Real time measurements of air toxic emissions were made from vehicles undergoing transient cycles on a dynamometer. Resonance-enhanced multi-photon ionization (REMPI) with time of flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) was used to characterize rapid responses in trace aromatic emissions, including mobile source air toxics, to changes in driving cycles. Concurrent sampling of PM, CO, and CO2, with vehicle parameters of horsepower, velocity, and total particle density allowed the air toxic emissions to be related to operating performance. Two models of the U. S. Army High Mobility Multi-purpose Wheeled Vehicle (HMMWV), a diesel (M1097) and a turbocharged diesel version (M1114), were tested. Emissions were measured while running on a dynamometer-based roadway simulator under the West Virginia and EPA Federal Highway Economy Test cycles and under steady state, constant velocity conditions. Emission factors were determined for criteria pollutants such as CO and CO2, as well as for aromatic air toxics including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes, as well as small polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as naphthalene and methylnaphthalene. The combined dynamometer cycle and REMPI-TOFMS system relative accuracy (triplicate) varied from 15% to 79% for benzene, 31% to 109% for naphthalene, and 47% to 214% for 2-methylnaphthalene. CO and CO2 emissions were found to poorly correlate with benzene, naphthalene, and 2-methylnaphthalene. The fast time response of REMPI-TOFMS documented the compound-specific trace concentrations during cold startups of the M1097, showing benzene at similar to 230 ppb but then rapidly (within 60 s) tailing off to a steady state level around 50 ppb. This work highlights the ability of REMPI-TOFMS to measure trace air toxics in real time, following rapid changes in emissions during roadway cycles that cannot be identified using typical long term (minutes) integrated sampling methods. C1 [Gullett, Brian K.; Oudejans, Lukas] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Touati, Abderrahmane] US Inc, ARCADIS, Durham, NC 27713 USA. RP Gullett, BK (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, E305-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gullett.brian@epa.gov FU U.S. Department of Defense Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) FX This research was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Defense Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP, http://www.serdp.org/research/CP/CP-1247.pdf). Special thanks to the Aberdeen Test Center, including Willam Bolt, Jason Jack, and Gregg Schultz, for access to vehicles and the Roadway Simulator. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 29 PU TAIWAN ASSOC AEROSOL RES-TAAR PI TAICHUNG COUNTY PA CHAOYANG UNIV TECH, DEPT ENV ENG & MGMT, PROD CTR AAQR, NO 168, JIFONG E RD, WUFONG TOWNSHIP, TAICHUNG COUNTY, 41349, TAIWAN SN 1680-8584 J9 AEROSOL AIR QUAL RES JI Aerosol Air Qual. Res. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 13 IS 4 BP 1170 EP U277 DI 10.4209/aaqr.2012.12.0345 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 211GF UT WOS:000323893300003 ER PT J AU Randall, PM Fimmen, R Lal, V Darlington, R AF Randall, Paul M. Fimmen, Ryan Lal, Vivek Darlington, Ramona TI In-situ subaqueous capping of mercury-contaminated sediments in a fresh-water aquatic system, Part I-Bench-scale microcosm study to assess methylmercury production SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Mercury as a Global Pollutant CY JUL 24-28, 2011 CL Halifax, CANADA DE Methylmercury; Mercury; Methylation; Microcosm; Sediment ID SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; ABIOTIC METHYLATION; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; REDUCTION RATES; AQUEOUS-PHASE; PURE CULTURE; DEMETHYLATION; BAY; ENVIRONMENT; DIVERSITY AB Bench-scale microcosm experiments were designed to provide a better understanding of the potential for Hg methylation in sediments from an aquatic environment. Experiments were conducted to examine the function of sulfate concentration, lactate concentration, the presence/absence of an aqueous inorganic Hg spike, and the presence/absence of inoculums of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, a strain of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) commonly found in the natural sediments of aquatic environments. Incubations were analyzed for both the rate and extent of (methylmercury) MeHg production. Methylation rates were estimated by analyzing MeHg and Hg after 2, 7, 14, 28, and 42 days. The production of metabolic byproducts, including dissolved gases as a proxy for metabolic utilization of carbon substrate, was also monitored. In all treatments amended with lactate, sulfate, Hg, and SRB, MeHg was produced (37 ng/g-sediment dry weight) after only 48 h of incubation and reached a maximum sediment concentration of 127 ng/g-sediment dry weight after the 42 day incubation period. Aqueous phase production of MeHg was observed to be 10 ng/L after 2 day, reaching a maximum observed concentration of 32.8 ng/L after 14 days, and declining to 10.8 ng/L at the end of the incubation period (42 day). The results of this study further demonstrates that, in the presence of an organic carbon substrate, sulfate, and the appropriate consortia of microorganisms, sedimentary Hg will be transformed into MeHg through bacterial metabolism. Further, this study provided the basis for evaluation of an in-situ subaqueous capping strategy that may limit (or potentially enhance) MeHg production. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Randall, Paul M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Fimmen, Ryan] Geosyntec Consultants, Worthington, OH 43085 USA. [Lal, Vivek; Darlington, Ramona] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. RP Randall, PM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM randall.paul@epa.gov RI Randall, Paul/M-6232-2014 NR 40 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 38 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 125 SI SI BP 30 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2013.03.012 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 204XQ UT WOS:000323405000005 PM 23768845 ER PT J AU Randall, PM Yates, BJ Lal, V Darlington, R Fimmen, R AF Randall, Paul M. Yates, Brian J. Lal, Vivek Darlington, Ramona Fimmen, Ryan TI In-situ subaqueous capping of mercury-contaminated sediments in a fresh-water aquatic system, Part II-evaluation of sorption materials SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Mercury as a Global Pollutant CY JUL 24-28, 2011 CL Halifax, CANADA DE Methylmercury; Methylation; Sorption; Partitioning coefficient; Sediment ID FLORIDA EVERGLADES; METHYLMERCURY; METHYLATION; EXTRACTABILITY; PHOTOREDUCTION; REMEDIATION; SPECIATION; TOXICITY; ACID; IRON AB The function and longevity of traditional, passive, isolation caps can be augmented through the use of more chemically active capping materials which have higher sorptive capacities, ideally rendering metals non-bioavailable. In the case of Hg, active caps also mitigate the rate and extent of methylation. This research examined low cost, readily available, capping materials for their ability to sequester Hg and MeHg. Furthermore, selected capping materials were evaluated to inhibit the methylation of Hg in an incubation study as well as the capacity of a selected capping material to inhibit translocation of Hg and MeHg with respect to ebullition-facilitated contaminant transport in a column study. Results indicated that bauxite had a better capacity for mercury sorption than the other test materials. However, bauxite as well as soil capping materials did not decrease methylation to a significant extent. Materials with larger surface areas, higher organic matter and acid volatile sulfide (AVS) content displayed a larger partitioning coefficient. In the incubation experiments, the presence of a carbon source (lactate), electron acceptor (sulfate) and the appropriate strains of SRB provided the necessary conditions for Hg methylation to occur. The column study showed effectiveness in sequestering Hg and MeHg and retarding transport to the overlying water column; however, disturbances to the soil capping material resulting from gas ebullition negated its effectiveness. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Randall, Paul M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Yates, Brian J.; Lal, Vivek; Darlington, Ramona] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Fimmen, Ryan] Geosyntec Consultants, Worthington, OH 43085 USA. RP Randall, PM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM randall.paul@epa.gov RI Randall, Paul/M-6232-2014 NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 36 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 125 SI SI BP 41 EP 51 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2013.03.010 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 204XQ UT WOS:000323405000006 PM 23735286 ER PT J AU Randall, PM Chattopadhyay, S AF Randall, Paul M. Chattopadhyay, Sandip TI Mercury contaminated sediment sites-An evaluation of remedial options SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Mercury as a Global Pollutant CY JUL 24-28, 2011 CL Halifax, CANADA DE Mercury; Sediment; Remediation; Partitioning coefficients; Modeling ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; FRESH-WATER SEDIMENTS; METHYL-MERCURY; QUALITY GUIDELINES; INORGANIC MERCURY; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; DREDGING OPERATIONS; FLORIDA EVERGLADES; SURFACE WATERS; TRACE-METALS AB Mercury (Hg) is a naturally-occurring element that is ubiquitous in the aquatic environment. Though efforts have been made in recent years to decrease Hg emissions, historically-emitted Hg can be retained in the sediments of aquatic bodies where they may be slowly converted to methylmercury (MeHg). Consequently, Hg in historically-contaminated sediments can result in high levels of significant exposure for aquatic species, wildlife and human populations consuming fish. Even if source control of contaminated wastewater is achievable, it may take a very long time, perhaps decades, for Hg-contaminated aquatic systems to reach relatively safe Hg levels in both water and surface sediment naturally. It may take even longer if Hg is present at higher concentration levels in deep sediment. Hg contaminated sediment results from previous releases or ongoing contributions from sources that are difficult to identify. Due to human activities or physical, chemical, or biological processes (e.g. hydrodynamic flows, bioturbation, molecular diffusion, and chemical transformation), the buried Hg can be remobilized into the overlying water. Hg speciation in the water column and sediments critically affect the reactivity (i.e. conversion of inorganic Hg(II) to MeHg), transport, and its exposure to living organisms. Also, geochemical conditions affect the activity of methylating bacteria and its availability for methylation. This review paper discusses remedial considerations (e.g. key chemical factors in fate and transport of Hg, source characterization and control, environmental management procedures, remediation options, modeling tools) and includes practical case studies for cleaning up Hg-contaminated sediment sites. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Randall, Paul M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Chattopadhyay, Sandip] Tetra Tech Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45202 USA. RP Randall, PM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM randall.paul@epa.gov; Sandip.Chattopadhyay@tetratech.com RI Randall, Paul/M-6232-2014 NR 261 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 7 U2 86 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 125 SI SI BP 131 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2013.01.007 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 204XQ UT WOS:000323405000016 PM 23489986 ER PT J AU DeWoskin, RS Sweeney, LM Teeguarden, JG Sams, R Vandenberg, J AF DeWoskin, R. S. Sweeney, L. M. Teeguarden, J. G. Sams, R., II Vandenberg, J. TI Comparison of PBTK model and biomarker based estimates of the internal dosimetry of acrylamide SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PBTK model; Biomarkers of exposure; Hemoglobin adducts; Acrylamide; Glycidamide; Dosimetry ID HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCTS; FISCHER-344 RATS; MAILLARD REACTION; RISK-ESTIMATION; ETHYLENE-OXIDE; B6C3F(1) MICE; GLYCIDAMIDE; EXPOSURE; FOOD; HUMANS AB Estimates of internal dosimetry for acrylamide (AA, 2-propenamide; CASRN: 79-06-1) and its active metabolite glycidamide (GA) were compared using either biomarkers of internal exposure (hemoglobin adduct levels in rats and humans) or a PBTK model (Sweeney et al., 2010). The resulting impact on the human equivalent dose (HED, oral exposures), the human equivalent concentration (HEC, inhalation), and final reference values was also evaluated. Both approaches yielded similar AA HEDs and HECs for the most sensitive noncancer effect of neurotoxicity, identical oral reference doses (RID) of 2 x 10(-3) mg AA/kg bw/d, and nearly identical inhalation reference concentrations (RfC = 0.006 mg/m(3) and 0.007 mg/m(3), biomarker and PBTK results, respectively). HED and HEC values for carcinogenic potential were very similar, resulting in identical inhalation unit risks of 0.1/(mg AA/m(3)), and nearly identical oral cancer slope factors (0.4 and 0.5/mg AA/kg bw/d), biomarker and PBTK results, respectively. The concordance in estimated HEDs, HECs, and reference values from these two diverse methods increases confidence in those values. Advantages and specific application of each approach are discussed. (Note: Reference values derived with the PBPK model were part of this research, and do not replace values currently posted on IRIS: http://www.epa.gov/iris/toxreviews/0286tr.pdf.) Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [DeWoskin, R. S.; Sams, R., II; Vandenberg, J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Sweeney, L. M.] SAIC, Naval Med Res Unit Dayton, Kettering, OH 45440 USA. [Teeguarden, J. G.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP DeWoskin, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, MD-B243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM dewoskin.rob@epa.gov; lmsweeney@aol.com; jt@pnl.gov RI Sweeney, Lisa/K-5114-2012; OI Sweeney, Lisa/0000-0002-4672-7358; Teeguarden, Justin/0000-0003-3817-4391; Vandenberg, John/0000-0003-2619-9460 FU U.S. EPA; Grocery Manufacturers Association (GMA), Washington, DC FX The Toxicological review for Acrylamide was funded by the U.S. EPA. The development of the Sweeney et al. PBTK model (published in 2010) was funded by the Grocery Manufacturers Association (GMA), Washington, DC. The author's use of this model to generate the results presented here was independent of the GMA. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 58 BP 506 EP 521 DI 10.1016/j.fct.2013.05.008 PG 16 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 187EG UT WOS:000322099100066 PM 23707562 ER PT J AU Smith, LM Case, JL Harwell, LC Smith, HM Summers, JK AF Smith, Lisa M. Case, Jason L. Harwell, Linda C. Smith, Heather M. Summers, James K. TI Development of Relative Importance Values as Contribution Weights for Evaluating Human Wellbeing: An Ecosystem Services Example SO HUMAN ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; SUSTAINABILITY; NOVICES; SCIENCE; EXPERTS C1 [Smith, Lisa M.; Harwell, Linda C.; Summers, James K.] US EPA, Gulf Breeze, FL USA. [Case, Jason L.; Smith, Heather M.] Univ W Florida, Pensacola, FL 32514 USA. RP Smith, LM (reprint author), US EPA, Gulf Breeze, FL USA. EM smith.lisam@epa.gov NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 25 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0300-7839 J9 HUM ECOL JI Hum. Ecol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 41 IS 4 BP 631 EP 641 DI 10.1007/s10745-013-9597-5 PG 11 WC Anthropology; Environmental Studies; Sociology SC Anthropology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Sociology GA 203HG UT WOS:000323282100010 ER PT J AU Attene-Ramos, MS Miller, N Huang, RL Michael, S Itkin, M Kavlock, RJ Austin, CP Shinn, P Simeonov, A Tice, RR Xia, MH AF Attene-Ramos, Matias S. Miller, Nicole Huang, Ruili Michael, Sam Itkin, Misha Kavlock, Robert J. Austin, Christopher P. Shinn, Paul Simeonov, Anton Tice, Raymond R. Xia, Menghang TI The Tox21 robotic platform for the assessment of environmental chemicals - from vision to reality SO DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY LA English DT Review ID TOXICITY; 21ST-CENTURY; VALIDATION; ASSAYS; MODEL AB Since its establishment in 2008, the US Tox21 inter-agency collaboration has made great progress in developing and evaluating cellular models for the evaluation of environmental chemicals as a proof of principle. Currently, the program has entered its production phase (Tox21 Phase II) focusing initially on the areas of modulation of nuclear receptors and stress response pathways. During Tox21 Phase II, the set of chemicals to be tested has been expanded to nearly 10,000 (10K) compounds and a fully automated screening platform has been implemented. The Tox21 robotic system combined with informatics efforts is capable of screening and profiling the collection of 10K environmental chemicals in triplicate in a week. In this article, we describe the Tox21 screening process, compound library preparation, data processing, and robotic system validation. C1 [Attene-Ramos, Matias S.; Miller, Nicole; Huang, Ruili; Michael, Sam; Itkin, Misha; Austin, Christopher P.; Shinn, Paul; Simeonov, Anton; Xia, Menghang] NIH, Natl Ctr Adv Translat Sci, Chem Genom Ctr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Kavlock, Robert J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Tice, Raymond R.] NIEHS, Div Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Xia, MH (reprint author), NIH, Natl Ctr Adv Translat Sci, Chem Genom Ctr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM mxia@mail.nih.gov FU Intramural Research Programs of the National Toxicology Program [Y2-ES-7020-01]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX We gratefully acknowledge Danielle VanLeer and Tongan Zhao for developing the compound plate tracking system. This work was supported by the Intramural Research Programs of the National Toxicology Program (Interagency agreement #Y2-ES-7020-01), the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 25 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1359-6446 J9 DRUG DISCOV TODAY JI Drug Discov. Today PD AUG PY 2013 VL 18 IS 15-16 BP 716 EP 723 DI 10.1016/j.drudis.2013.05.015 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 204YP UT WOS:000323407500005 PM 23732176 ER PT J AU Cho, JJ Suidan, MT Venosa, AD AF Cho, Jay J. Suidan, Makram T. Venosa, Albert D. TI Biodegradation of alkylates under less agitated aquifer conditions SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE biodegradation; alkylates; inhibition; BTEX; ethanol ID TERT-BUTYL ETHER; SULFATE-REDUCING AQUIFER; NATURAL ATTENUATION; AEROBIC BIODEGRADATION; GASOLINE OXYGENATE; HYDROCARBON BIODEGRADATION; MTBE BIODEGRADATION; O-XYLENE; ETHANOL; DEGRADATION AB The biodegradability of three alkylates (2,3-dimethylpentane, 2,4-dimethylpentane and 2,2,4-trimethylpentane) under less agitated aquifer conditions was investigated in this study. All three alkylates biodegraded completely under these conditions regardless of the presence or absence of ethanol or benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) in the feed. In the presence of ethanol, alkylates degradation was not inhibited by ethanol. However, alkylates degraded more slowly in the presence of BTEX suggesting competitive inhibition to microbial utilization of alkylates. hi the sterile controls, alkylates concentrations remained unchanged throughout the experiments. C1 [Cho, Jay J.] URS Corp, Phoenix, AZ 85020 USA. [Suidan, Makram T.] Amer Univ Beirut, Fac Engn & Architecture, Beirut, Lebanon. [Venosa, Albert D.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Suidan, MT (reprint author), Amer Univ Beirut, Fac Engn & Architecture, Deans Off POB 11-0236,Riad El Solh 1107 2020, Beirut, Lebanon. EM msuidan@aub.edu.lb FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [68-C-00-159] FX This study was supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Contract No. 68-C-00-159). The findings and opinions expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 11 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1001-0742 EI 1878-7320 J9 J ENVIRON SCI-CHINA JI J. Environ. Sci. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 25 IS 8 BP 1529 EP 1538 DI 10.1016/S1001-0742(12)60180-6 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 204HR UT WOS:000323356700004 PM 24520690 ER PT J AU Hilmi, N Allemand, D Dupont, S Safa, A Haraldsson, G Nunes, PALD Moore, C Hattam, C Reynaud, S Hall-Spencer, JM Fine, M Turley, C Jeffree, R Orr, J Munday, PL Cooley, SR AF Hilmi, Nathalie Allemand, Denis Dupont, Sam Safa, Alain Haraldsson, Gunnar Nunes, Paulo A. L. D. Moore, Chris Hattam, Caroline Reynaud, Stephanie Hall-Spencer, Jason M. Fine, Maoz Turley, Carol Jeffree, Ross Orr, James Munday, Philip L. Cooley, Sarah R. TI Towards improved socio-economic assessments of ocean acidification's impacts SO MARINE BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID ACID-BASE-BALANCE; CRAB NECORA PUBER; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; HYDROTHERMAL VENTS; MARINE CALCIFIERS; CO2; CORAL; SEAWATER AB Ocean acidification is increasingly recognized as a component of global change that could have a wide range of impacts on marine organisms, the ecosystems they live in, and the goods and services they provide humankind. Assessment of these potential socio-economic impacts requires integrated efforts between biologists, chemists, oceanographers, economists and social scientists. But because ocean acidification is a new research area, significant knowledge gaps are preventing economists from estimating its welfare impacts. For instance, economic data on the impact of ocean acidification on significant markets such as fisheries, aquaculture and tourism are very limited (if not non-existent), and non-market valuation studies on this topic are not yet available. Our paper summarizes the current understanding of future OA impacts and sets out what further information is required for economists to assess socio-economic impacts of ocean acidification. Our aim is to provide clear directions for multidisciplinary collaborative research. C1 [Hilmi, Nathalie; Allemand, Denis; Reynaud, Stephanie] Ctr Sci Monaco, MC-98000 Monaco, Monaco. [Hilmi, Nathalie] IAEA El, MC-98000 Monaco, Monaco. [Hilmi, Nathalie; Allemand, Denis] LEA CSM CNRS 647 Biosensib, Monaco, Monaco. [Dupont, Sam] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Sven Loven Ctr Marine Sci, S-45178 Fiskebackskil, Sweden. [Safa, Alain] IPAG Lab, Nice, France. [Haraldsson, Gunnar] OECD, Fisheries Policy Div, Paris, France. [Nunes, Paulo A. L. D.] CIESM, Mediterranean Sci Commiss, Monaco, Monaco. [Moore, Chris] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Hattam, Caroline; Turley, Carol] Plymouth Marine Lab, Plymouth PL1 3DH, Devon, England. [Hall-Spencer, Jason M.] Univ Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, Devon, England. [Fine, Maoz] Bar Ilan Univ, Ramat Gan, Israel. [Jeffree, Ross] Univ Technol Sydney, Sch Environm, Fac Sci, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia. [Orr, James] CEA CNRS UVSQ, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Munday, Philip L.] ARC Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. [Munday, Philip L.] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. [Cooley, Sarah R.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP Hilmi, N (reprint author), Ctr Sci Monaco, Ave St Martin, MC-98000 Monaco, Monaco. EM hilmi@centrescientifique.mc RI Munday, Philip/F-5443-2011; OI Munday, Philip/0000-0001-9725-2498; Orr, James/0000-0002-8707-7080; Hall-Spencer, Jason/0000-0002-6915-2518 FU Government of the Principality of Monaco; Monegasque Government; Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation; French Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development, Transport and Housing; Institut oceanographique-Fondation Albert I er, Prince de Monaco; IAEA "Peaceful Uses Initiative" (PUI) programme FX This review paper was initiated following an international workshop jointly organized by the Centre Scientifique de Monaco and the International Atomic Energy Agency and funded by the Monegasque Government, the Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation, the French Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development, Transport and Housing, the Institut oceanographique-Fondation Albert I er, Prince de Monaco and the IAEA "Peaceful Uses Initiative" (PUI) programme funded by the US State Department. The participants of the workshop have contributed to the "Policy recommendations brochure": http://www.centrescientifique.mc/csmfr/informations/2011_12_recommandati ons.php. This study was conducted as part of the Centre Scientifique de Monaco research programme, funded by the Government of the Principality of Monaco. The International Atomic Energy Agency is grateful to the Government of the Principality of Monaco for the support provided to its Environment Laboratories. The authors are grateful to three anonymous reviewers, whose detailed, thoughtful comments significantly improved this paper. NR 102 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 5 U2 111 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0025-3162 J9 MAR BIOL JI Mar. Biol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 160 IS 8 SI SI BP 1773 EP 1787 DI 10.1007/s00227-012-2031-5 PG 15 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 200KB UT WOS:000323066600002 ER PT J AU Reisch, CR Crabb, WM Gifford, SM Teng, Q Stoudemayer, MJ Moran, MA Whitman, WB AF Reisch, Chris R. Crabb, Warren M. Gifford, Scott M. Teng, Quincy Stoudemayer, Melissa J. Moran, Mary Ann Whitman, William B. TI Metabolism of dimethylsulphoniopropionate by Ruegeria pomeroyi DSS-3 SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID METHYLOBACTERIUM-EXTORQUENS AM1; PROPIONYL-COENZYME-A; METHYLENE TETRAHYDROMETHANOPTERIN DEHYDROGENASE; DIMETHYL SULFIDE; MARINE-BACTERIA; SILICIBACTER-POMEROYI; SULFUR-COMPOUNDS; DIMETHYLSULFONIOPROPIONATE LYASE; CHLOROFLEXUS-AURANTIACUS; MERCAPTAN OXIDASE AB Ruegeria pomeroyi DSS-3 possesses two general pathways for metabolism of dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP), an osmolyte of algae and abundant carbon source for marine bacteria. In the DMSP cleavage pathway, acrylate is transformed into acryloyl- CoA by propionate-CoA ligase (SPO2934) and other unidentified acyl-CoA ligases. Acryloyl-CoA is then reduced to propionyl-CoA by AcuI or SPO1914. Acryloyl-CoA is also rapidly hydrated to 3-hydroxypropionyl-CoA by acryloyl-CoA hydratase (SPO0147). A SPO1914 mutant was unable to grow on acrylate as the sole carbon source, supporting its role in this pathway. Similarly, growth on methylmercaptopropionate, the first intermediate of the DMSP demethylation pathway, was severely inhibited by a mutation in the gene encoding crotonyl-CoA carboxylase/ reductase, demonstrating that acetate produced by this pathway was metabolized by the ethylmalonylCoA pathway. Amino acids and nucleosides from cells grown on 13C-enriched DMSP possessed labelling patterns that were consistent with carbon from DMSP being metabolized by both the ethylmalonyl-CoA and acrylate pathways as well as a role for pyruvate dehydrogenase. This latter conclusion was supported by the phenotype of a pdh mutant, which grew poorly on electron-rich substrates. Additionally, label from [13Cmethyl] DMSP only appeared in carbons derived from methyl-tetrahydrofolate, and there was no evidence for a serine cycle of C-1 assimilation. C1 [Reisch, Chris R.; Crabb, Warren M.; Whitman, William B.] Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Stoudemayer, Melissa J.] Univ Georgia, Dept Chem, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Gifford, Scott M.; Moran, Mary Ann] Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Teng, Quincy] US EPA, Athens, GA USA. RP Whitman, WB (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM whitman@uga.edu OI Moran, Mary Ann/0000-0002-0702-8167 FU National Science Foundation [MCB-1158037, MCB-0702125] FX The research was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation MCB-1158037 and MCB-0702125. NR 54 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0950-382X J9 MOL MICROBIOL JI Mol. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 89 IS 4 BP 774 EP 791 DI 10.1111/mmi.12314 PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 198UT UT WOS:000322948500014 PM 23815737 ER PT J AU Lee, EH Beedlow, PA Waschmann, RS Burdick, CA Shaw, DC AF Lee, E. Henry Beedlow, Peter A. Waschmann, Ronald S. Burdick, Connie A. Shaw, David C. TI Tree-ring analysis of the fungal disease Swiss needle cast in western Oregon coastal forests SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID DOUGLAS-FIR PLANTATIONS; PHAEOCRYPTOPUS-GAEUMANNII; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NEW-ZEALAND; INTERVENTION ANALYSIS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; TIME-SERIES; SEVERITY; HISTORY AB Swiss needle cast (SNC), an important fungal disease of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), has increased in severity throughout its natural and introduced range over the last half century. The role of climate change and forest management practices in the increase is unclear. We analyzed tree-ring chronologies from six late-successional Douglas-fir stands in the western Oregon Coast Range using time-series intervention analysis (TSIA) to address how climate relates to the impact of SNC on tree growth. Tree-ring chronologies of western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.), a species not susceptible to the fungus Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii (Rhode) Petrak, were used as a climate proxy in the TSIA. We found that growth reductions associated with SNC dated back to the 1590s, the earliest record in our dendritic data. Growth reductions were synchronous across the six sites, indicating that the disease severity was largely influenced by climatic conditions. SNC impact peaked in 1984-1986 at all six study sites, followed by unprecedented disease impacts of 100% in 1996 and 2004 at one site, while decreasing to previous levels at the other five sites. Our SNC index of impact significantly correlated with winter and summer temperatures and summer precipitation. Winter conditions were more strongly associated with disease impact at wetter, cooler sites, whereas summer conditions were more important at less humid, warmer sites. With climate change, SNC impacts are likely to increase in coastal areas where June-July precipitation is much higher than the P. gaeumannii-limiting threshold of similar to 110 mm, and decrease where summer precipitation is at or below the threshold. Warmer winters will increase disease severity at higher elevation, north along the coast from northern Oregon to British Columbia, and at inland sites where current winter temperatures limit fungal growth. C1 [Lee, E. Henry; Beedlow, Peter A.; Waschmann, Ronald S.; Burdick, Connie A.] US EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Shaw, David C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Lee, EH (reprint author), US EPA, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM Lee.EHenry@epa.gov NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 17 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 43 IS 8 BP 677 EP 690 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2013-0062 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 193RP UT WOS:000322579500001 ER PT J AU McLellan, SL Newton, RJ Vandewalle, JL Shanks, OC Huse, SM Eren, AM Sogin, ML AF McLellan, Sandra L. Newton, Ryan J. Vandewalle, Jessica L. Shanks, Orin C. Huse, Susan M. Eren, A. Murat Sogin, Mitchell L. TI Sewage reflects the distribution of human faecal Lachnospiraceae SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; HUMAN GUT MICROBIOTA; GENETIC-MARKERS; HUMAN FECES; CLOSTRIDIUM-COCCOIDES; SOFTWARE ENVIRONMENT; QUANTITATIVE PCR; CLONE LIBRARIES; SOURCE TRACKING; RARE BIOSPHERE AB Faecal pollution contains a rich and diverse community of bacteria derived from animals and humans, many of which might serve as alternatives to the traditional enterococci and Escherichia coli faecal indicators. We used massively parallel sequencing (MPS) of the 16S rRNA gene to characterize microbial communities from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) influent sewage from 12 cities geographically distributed across the USA. We examined members of the Clostridiales, which included the families Clostridiaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae for their potential as sewage indicators. Lachnospiraceae was one of the most abundant groups of faecal bacteria in sewage, and several Lachnospiraceae high-abundance sewage pyrotags occurred in at least 46 of 48 human faecal samples. Clone libraries targeting Clostridium coccoides (C. coccoides) in sewage samples demonstrated that Lachnospiraceae-annotated V6 pyrotags encompassed the previously reported C. coccoides group. We used oligotyping to profile the genus Blautia within Lachnospiraceae and found oligotypes comprised of 24 entropy components that showed patterns of host specificity. These findings suggest that indicators based on Blautia might have the capacity to discriminate between different faecal pollution sources. Development of source-specific alternative indicators would enhance water quality assessments, which leads to improved ecosystem health and reduced human health risk due to waterborne disease. C1 [McLellan, Sandra L.; Newton, Ryan J.; Vandewalle, Jessica L.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Freshwater Sci, Great Lakes Water Inst, Milwaukee, WI 53204 USA. [Shanks, Orin C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Huse, Susan M.; Eren, A. Murat; Sogin, Mitchell L.] Marine Biol Lab, Josephine Bay Paul Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Huse, Susan M.] Brown Univ, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP McLellan, SL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Freshwater Sci, Great Lakes Water Inst, 600 E Greenfield Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53204 USA. EM mclellan@uwm.edu RI Eren, A. Murat/J-3408-2014; OI Eren, A. Murat/0000-0001-9013-4827 FU NSF/BDI [0960626]; [1R21AI076970-02]; [1R01AI091829-01A1] FX This work was supported by the grants 1R21AI076970-02 and 1R01AI091829-01A1 to S. L. M. and NSF/BDI 0960626 to S. M. H. We would like to thank Giles Goetz for bioinformatics support in the clone library comparisons and Morgan Schroeder for assistance with network analysis. Information has been subjected to the US EPA's peer and administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official positions and policies of the US EPA. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 61 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 35 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1462-2912 J9 ENVIRON MICROBIOL JI Environ. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 15 IS 8 BP 2213 EP 2227 DI 10.1111/1462-2920.12092 PG 15 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 194IP UT WOS:000322625500007 PM 23438335 ER PT J AU Guo, ZS AF Guo, Zhishi TI A Framework for Modelling Non-Steady-State Concentrations of Semivolatile Organic Compounds Indoors - I: Emissions from Diffusional Sources and Sorption by Interior Surfaces SO INDOOR AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Diffusion; Framework; Modelling; Semivolatile organic compounds; Sorption; Source; State-space ID DRY BUILDING-MATERIALS; MASS-TRANSFER MODEL; VOC EMISSIONS; SIMULATION; BEHAVIOR; INSECTICIDES; EXPOSURE; FUGACITY; PREDICT; SVOCS AB Over the past two decades, more than 20 mass transfer models have been developed for building materials, furnishings, and consumer products as contaminant sources, sinks, and barriers. While these models have greatly improved our understanding of contaminant movements in buildings, their applications in the real world have been somewhat limited because of the incompatibility and computational complexity of the models. In this paper, a framework is proposed for modelling the dynamic concentrations of semivolatile organic compounds in indoor media. Based on a discretization method, which transfers continuous models into discrete counterparts, this framework can perform the functions of the existing mass transfer models and, at the same time, solves the model incompatibility problem and reduces the computational complexity. This framework complements and supplements the existing multimedia semivolatile organic compound models by providing more details of the distribution of semivolatile organic compounds among indoor media, helping check the validity of certain assumptions that have been used in those steady-state models, and providing more flexibility to allow evaluation of risk management options such as source removal, encapsulation, and variable ventilation rate. This framework will be described in two parts. Part I, this paper, discusses the representation of diffusional sources and sorption by interior surfaces. Interactions of semivolatile organic compounds with particulate matter will be discussed in a subsequent publication. C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Guo, ZS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM guo.zhishi@epa.gov NR 56 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 28 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1420-326X J9 INDOOR BUILT ENVIRON JI Indoor Built Environ. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 22 IS 4 BP 685 EP 700 DI 10.1177/1420326X13488123 PG 16 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 193VS UT WOS:000322590200011 ER PT J AU Brown, E Ternieden, C Metchis, K Beller-Simms, N Fillmore, L Ozekin, K AF Brown, Erica Ternieden, Claudio Metchis, Karen Beller-Simms, Nancy Fillmore, Lauren Ozekin, Kenan TI Emergency response or long-term resilience? Extreme events challenge water utilities and their communities SO JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article C1 [Brown, Erica] Noblis, Sustainabil Ctr Excellence, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA. [Metchis, Karen] US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC USA. [Beller-Simms, Nancy] NOAA, Washington, DC USA. RP Brown, E (reprint author), Noblis, Sustainabil Ctr Excellence, 3150 Fairview Pk Dr, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA. EM Erica.Brown@noblis.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER WATER WORKS ASSOC PI DENVER PA 6666 W QUINCY AVE, DENVER, CO 80235 USA SN 2164-4535 J9 J AM WATER WORKS ASS JI J. Am. Water Work Assoc. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 105 IS 8 BP 38 EP 40 DI 10.5942/jawwa.2013.105.0121 PG 3 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 194EJ UT WOS:000322613500009 ER PT J AU Kimbrough, ES Baldauf, RW Watkins, N AF Kimbrough, Evelyn S. Baldauf, Richard W. Watkins, Nealson TI Seasonal and diurnal analysis of NO2 concentrations from a long-duration study conducted in Las Vegas, Nevada SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID AMBIENT NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; MAJOR HIGHWAY; AIR-QUALITY; TRENDS AB A study, conducted in Las Vegas, NV from mid-December 2008 to mid-December 2009 along an interstate highway, collected continuous and integrated samples for a wide variety of air pollutant species including NO2 and NOX associated with roadway traffic. This study examined long-term trends of NO2 and NOX in a near-road environment compared with previous near-road studies typically lasting only a few days to months. Study results revealed concentration gradients for NO2 and NOX with highest absolute and average concentrations at distances closest to the roadway throughout the year. Diurnal ambient temperature changes also influenced concentrations due to atmospheric chemistry activity as well as concentration changes due to seasonal effects. These concentration gradients were observed for all wind conditions; however under downwind conditions (winds from highway), the concentration gradients are more pronounced. Higher pollutant concentrations are generally observed during low wind speed conditions especially when those winds were from the highway. Understanding long-term, seasonal variability and levels of pollutant concentrations in the near-road environment is important to researchers and decision-makers evaluating exposures and risks for near-road populations; identifying locations for future near-road monitoring sites; and determining the viability and effectiveness of mitigation strategies. Implications: Population exposures to traffic emissions near roads have led to heightened public health concerns and awareness of the long-term levels and variability of these air pollutants. Epidemiological studies have lead to improved understanding of the associated risks and health effects of near road air pollutant emissions. While short-term studies provide insights on near-road air quality, longer term trends need to be understood, especially for reactive pollutants such as NO2. Supplemental Materials: Supplemental materials are available for this paper. Go to the publisher's online edition of the Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association. C1 [Kimbrough, Evelyn S.; Baldauf, Richard W.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Watkins, Nealson] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kimbrough, ES (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM kimbrough.sue@epa.gov OI Kimbrough, Evelyn Sue/0000-0002-7246-0255 NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 22 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1096-2247 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 63 IS 8 BP 934 EP 942 DI 10.1080/10962247.2013.795919 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 193MT UT WOS:000322564600007 PM 24010374 ER PT J AU Shuster, WD Lye, D De La Cruz, A Rhea, LK O'Connell, K Kelty, A AF Shuster, William D. Lye, Dennis De La Cruz, Armah Rhea, Lee K. O'Connell, Katharine Kelty, Amanda TI ASSESSMENT OF RESIDENTIAL RAIN BARREL WATER QUALITY AND USE IN CINCINNATI, OHIO SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE stormwater management; stormwater retrofits; green infrastructure; rain barrels; watershed management; microbial water quality ID ROOF-HARVESTED RAINWATER; URBAN; BACTERIA; HEALTH AB The collection, storage, and reuse of rainwater collected in rain barrels from urban rooftop areas assists municipalities in achieving stormwater management objectives and in some areas also serves as an adjunct resource for domestic water supplies. In this study, rainwater reuse and levels of select microbial indicators were monitored for six residential rain barrels located in the Shepherd Creek watershed of Cincinnati, Ohio. Water from rain barrels typically had poor microbial quality and was used for watering indoor and outdoor plants. Rain barrel water chemistry was slightly acidic, exhibited wide ranges in conductivity, turbidity, and total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations and gave no evidence of the presence of cyanobacterial microcystin toxins. Selected microbial water-quality indicators indicated that counts of total coliform and enterococci were consistently above U.S. Environmental Protection Agency standards for secondary recreational contact water-quality standards. Residential rain barrels can provide water appropriate for low-contact reuses (such as plant watering), although there may be transient periods of high levels of indicator bacteria in the collected water. C1 [Shuster, William D.; Rhea, Lee K.] US EPA, Sustainable Environm Branch, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Lye, Dennis; De La Cruz, Armah] US EPA, Microbial Exposure Res Branch, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [O'Connell, Katharine] Meridian BioSci, Cincinnati, OH 45244 USA. [Kelty, Amanda] Pegasus Tech Serv, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA. RP Shuster, WD (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Environm Branch, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM lye.dennis@epa.gov NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 41 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 49 IS 4 BP 753 EP 765 DI 10.1111/jawr.12036 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 193RZ UT WOS:000322580500002 ER PT J AU Fritz, KM Hagenbuch, E D'Amico, E Reif, M Wigington, PJ Leibowitz, SG Comeleo, RL Ebersole, JL Nadeau, TL AF Fritz, Ken M. Hagenbuch, Elisabeth D'Amico, Ellen Reif, Molly Wigington, Parker J., Jr. Leibowitz, Scott G. Comeleo, Randy L. Ebersole, Joseph L. Nadeau, Tracie-Lynn TI COMPARING THE EXTENT AND PERMANENCE OF HEADWATER STREAMS FROM TWO FIELD SURVEYS TO VALUES FROM HYDROGRAPHIC DATABASES AND MAPS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE headwater streams; flow permanence; hydrography; mapping; ephemeral; intermittent; perennial ID PERENNIAL FLOW INITIATION; WATER-QUALITY; MANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONS; HYDROLOGIC PERMANENCE; CHANNEL NETWORKS; USA; INTERMITTENT; VARIABILITY; KENTUCKY; OREGON AB Supreme Court cases have questioned if jurisdiction under the Clean Water Act extends to water bodies such as streams without year-round flow. Headwater streams are central to this issue because many periodically dry, and because little is known about their influence on navigable waters. An accurate account of the extent and flow permanence of headwater streams is critical to estimating downstream contributions. We compared the extent and permanence of headwater streams from two field surveys with values from databases and maps. The first used data from 29 headwater streams in nine U. S. forests, whereas the second had data from 178 headwater streams in Oregon. Synthetic networks developed from the nine-forest survey indicated that 33 to 93% of the channel lacked year-round flow. Seven of the nine forests were predicted to have >200% more channel length than portrayed in the high-resolution National Hydrography Dataset (NHD). The NHD and topographic map classifications of permanence agreed with similar to 50% of the field determinations across similar to 300 headwater sites. Classification agreement with the field determinations generally increased with increasing resolution. However, the flow classification on soil maps only agreed with similar to 30% of the field determination despite depicting greater channel extent than other maps. Maps that include streams regardless of permanence and size will aid regulatory decisions and are fundamental to improving water quality monitoring and models. C1 [Fritz, Ken M.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Hagenbuch, Elisabeth; D'Amico, Ellen; Reif, Molly] Dynamac Corp, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Wigington, Parker J., Jr.; Leibowitz, Scott G.; Comeleo, Randy L.; Ebersole, Joseph L.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Nadeau, Tracie-Lynn] US EPA, Oregon Operat Off, Portland, OR 97205 USA. RP Fritz, KM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM fritz.ken@epa.gov FU The USEPA through its Office of Research and Development [EP-D-06-096, EP-D-11-073] FX The USEPA through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under contracts EP-D-06-096 and EP-D-11-073 to Dynamac Corporation. NR 56 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 49 IS 4 BP 867 EP 882 DI 10.1111/jawr.12040 PG 16 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 193RZ UT WOS:000322580500010 ER PT J AU Powers, CM Bale, AS Kraft, AD Makris, SL Trecki, J Cowden, J Hotchkiss, A Gillespie, PA AF Powers, Christina M. Bale, Ambuja S. Kraft, Andrew D. Makris, Susan L. Trecki, Jordan Cowden, John Hotchkiss, Andrew Gillespie, Patricia A. TI Developmental Neurotoxicity of Engineered Nanomaterials: Identifying Research Needs to Support Human Health Risk Assessment SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE developmental neurotoxicity; engineered nanomaterials; risk assessment research ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; IN-VITRO; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; TIO2 NANOPARTICLES; MATERNAL EXPOSURE; OXIDE PARTICLES AB Increasing use of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) in consumer products and commercial applications has helped drive a rise in research related to the environmental health and safety (EHS) of these materials. Within the cacophony of information on ENM EHS to date are data indicating that these materials may be neurotoxic in adult animals. Evidence of elevated inflammatory responses, increased oxidative stress levels, alterations in neuronal function, and changes in cell morphology in adult animals suggests that ENM exposure during development could elicit developmental neurotoxicity (DNT), especially considering the greater vulnerability of the developing brain to some toxic insults. In this review, we examine current findings related to developmental neurotoxic effects of ENM in the context of identifying research gaps for future risk assessments. The basic risk assessment paradigm is presented, with an emphasis on problem formulation and assessments of exposure, hazard, and dose response for DNT. Limited evidence suggests that in utero and postpartum exposures are possible, while fewer than 10 animal studies have evaluated DNT, with results indicating changes in synaptic plasticity, gene expression, and neurobehavior. Based on the available information, we use current testing guidelines to highlight research gaps that may inform ENM research efforts to develop data for higher throughput methods and future risk assessments for DNT. Although the available evidence is not strong enough to reach conclusions about DNT risk from ENM exposure, the data indicate that consideration of ENM developmental neurotoxic potential is warranted. C1 [Powers, Christina M.; Cowden, John; Hotchkiss, Andrew; Gillespie, Patricia A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bale, Ambuja S.; Kraft, Andrew D.; Makris, Susan L.; Trecki, Jordan] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Gillespie, PA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, MD B243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gillespie.patricia@gmail.com NR 108 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 55 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 134 IS 2 BP 225 EP 242 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kft109 PG 18 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 186CU UT WOS:000322020300001 PM 23708405 ER PT J AU Davis, JM Baxter, CV Rosi-Marshall, EJ Pierce, JL Crosby, BT AF Davis, J. M. Baxter, C. V. Rosi-Marshall, E. J. Pierce, J. L. Crosby, B. T. TI Anticipating Stream Ecosystem Responses to Climate Change: Toward Predictions that Incorporate Effects Via Land-Water Linkages SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE food web; wildfire; disturbance; indirect effects; forest cover ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; NORTHEASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; OREGON COAST RANGE; EXPERIMENTAL MANIPULATION; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; FALLOPIA-JAPONICA; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; HEADWATER STREAMS; MOUNTAIN REGIONS AB Climate change (CC) is projected to increase the frequency and severity of natural disturbances (wildfires, insect outbreaks, and debris flows) and shift distributions of terrestrial ecosystems on a global basis. Although such terrestrial changes may affect stream ecosystems, they have not been incorporated into predictions of stream responses to CC. Here, we introduce a conceptual framework to evaluate to what extent responses of streams to CC will be driven by not only changes in thermal and hydrologic regimes, but also alterations of terrestrial processes. We focused on forested watersheds of western North America because this region is projected to experience CC-induced alteration of terrestrial processes. This provided a backdrop for investigating interactive effects of climate and terrestrial responses on streams. Because stream responses to terrestrial processes have been well-studied in contexts largely independent of CC research, we synthesized this knowledge to demonstrate how CC-induced alterations of terrestrial ecosystems may affect streams. Our synthesis indicated that altered terrestrial processes will change terrestrial-aquatic linkages and autotrophic production, potentially yielding greater sensitivity of streams to CC than would be expected based on shifts in temperature and precipitation regime alone. Despite uncertainties that currently constrain predictions regarding stream responses to these additional pathways of change, this synthesis highlighted broader effects of CC that require additional research. Based on widespread evidence that CC is linked to changing terrestrial processes, we conclude that accurate predictions of CC effects on streams may be coupled to the accuracy of predictions for long-term changes in terrestrial ecosystems. C1 [Davis, J. M.; Baxter, C. V.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Stream Ecol Ctr, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. [Davis, J. M.; Rosi-Marshall, E. J.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [Pierce, J. L.] Boise State Univ, Dept Geosci, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Crosby, B. T.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Geosci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. RP Davis, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. EM davis.john@epa.gov FU NSF Idaho EPSCoR [EPS-04-47689, EPS-08-14387] FX This synthesis was funded by NSF Idaho EPSCoR (EPS-04-47689, EPS-08-14387). It benefited from discussions with A. Fremier, J. Hicke, B. Kennedy, G. Minshall, and E. Yager, and comments from N. Griffiths, G. Small, E. Jeppesen, S. Dye, and two anonymous reviewers. NR 118 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 104 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD AUG PY 2013 VL 16 IS 5 BP 909 EP 922 DI 10.1007/s10021-013-9653-4 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 184RO UT WOS:000321911200015 ER PT J AU Bereznicki, SD Kamal, A AF Bereznicki, Sarah D. Kamal, Ali TI Observations of interference between portable particle counters and NOx monitors SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Interference; Particle counter; NOx monitor ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; PERSONAL EXPOSURE; INDOOR; VARIABILITY AB Studies in environmental exposure science have developed a preference for smaller devices that can be easily co-located without need for gas standards, such as those instruments utilized in the Near-road Exposures and Effects from Urban Air Pollutants Study (NEXUS). One observation from NEXUS was the potential for instrument interference from alcohol-based particle counters on photometric-based nitrogen oxide (NOx ) monitors. This article reports the findings from laboratory tests replicating enclosedshelter monitoring configurations and operation cycles for a common photometric-based NOx monitor and a widely used alcohol-based particle counter. These tests monitored the NOx response while the particle counter sampling interval and ambient airflow rate were varied to (1) confirm that proximity between the instruments induced interferences, (2) identify any dependencies in NOx monitor recovery on ambient airflow, and (3) determine the time needed for the NOx monitor to recover to preinterference levels under different atmospheric conditions. During particle counter operations, NOx concentrations responded instantaneously with a several-fold jump above the measurement baseline. When the particle counter was operated for more than 10 min, this interference period also showed a marked decline in the NOx baseline. The overall recovery time of the NOx monitor depended less on the time of particle counter operation, and more on the speed of ambient airflow. If photometric-based NOx monitors need to be operated alongside alcohol-based particle counters, mechanisms must be employed to exhaust alcohol-based vapors from enclosed monitoring environments. Given the strong evidence for interference, however, it is recommended these devices not be operated within close proximity to one another. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bereznicki, Sarah D.; Kamal, Ali] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Bereznicki, SD (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM bereznicki.sarah@epa.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 75 BP 303 EP 307 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.04.064 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 178UO UT WOS:000321473100036 ER PT J AU Penuelas, J Guenther, A Rapparini, F Llusia, J Filella, I Seco, R Estiarte, M Mejia-Chang, M Ogaya, R Ibanez, J Sardans, J Castano, LM Turnipseed, A Duhl, T Harley, P Vila, J Estavillo, JM Menendez, S Facini, O Baraldi, R Geron, C Mak, J Patton, EG Jiang, X Greenberg, J AF Penuelas, J. Guenther, A. Rapparini, F. Llusia, J. Filella, I. Seco, R. Estiarte, M. Mejia-Chang, M. Ogaya, R. Ibanez, J. Sardans, J. Castano, L. M. Turnipseed, A. Duhl, T. Harley, P. Vila, J. Estavillo, J. M. Menendez, S. Facini, O. Baraldi, R. Geron, C. Mak, J. Patton, E. G. Jiang, X. Greenberg, J. TI Intensive measurements of gas, water, and energy exchange between vegetation and troposphere during the MONTES campaign in a vegetation gradient from short semi-desertic shrublands to tall wet temperate forests in the NW Mediterranean Basin SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Vegetation; LAI; Green biomass; NDVI; Land cover; MEGAN; Latent heat; Sensible heat; Evapotranspiration; Isoprene; Monoterpenes; VOCs; CO2; N2O; CH4; O-3; Vertical profiles; Tethered balloons; Aircraft; Masts; Boundary layer ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; TETHERED BALLOON MEASUREMENTS; ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; ISOPRENE EMISSION; QUERCUS-ILEX; BIOGENIC EMISSIONS; PARTICLE FORMATION; PINUS-HALEPENSIS; FIELD CONDITIONS; BARCELONA AREA AB MONTES ("Woodlands") was a multidisciplinary international field campaign aimed at measuring energy, water and especially gas exchange between vegetation and atmosphere in a gradient from short semi-desertic shrublands to tall wet temperate forests in NE Spain in the North Western Mediterranean Basin (WMB). The measurements were performed at a semidesertic area (Monegros), at a coastal Mediterranean shrubland area (Garraf), at a typical Mediterranean holm oak forest area (Prades) and at a wet temperate beech forest (Montseny) during spring (April 2010) under optimal plant physiological conditions in driest-warmest sites and during summer (July 2010) with drought and heat stresses in the driest warmest sites and optimal conditions in the wettest-coolest site. The objective of this campaign was to study the differences in gas, water and energy exchange occurring at different vegetation coverages and biomasses. Particular attention was devoted to quantitatively understand the exchange of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) because of their biological and environmental effects in the WMB. A wide range of instruments (GC-MS, PTR-MS, meteorological sensors, O-3 monitors,...) and vertical platforms such as masts, tethered balloons and aircraft were used to characterize the gas, water and energy exchange at increasing footprint areas by measuring vertical profiles. In this paper we provide an overview of the MONTES campaign: the objectives, the characterization of the biomass and gas, water and energy exchange in the 4 sites-areas using satellite data, the estimation of isoprene and monoterpene emissions using MEGAN model, the measurements performed and the first results. The isoprene and monoterpene emission rates estimated with MEGAN and emission factors measured at the foliar level for the dominant species ranged from about 0 to 0.2 mg m(-2) h(-1) in April. The warmer temperature in July resulted in higher model estimates from about 0 to ca. 1.6 mg m(-2) h(-1) for isoprene and ca. 4.5 mg m(-2) h(-1) for monoterpenes, depending on the site vegetation and footprint area considered. There were clear daily and seasonal patterns with higher emission rates and mixing ratios at midday and summer relative to early morning and early spring. There was a significant trend in CO2 fixation (from 1 to 10 mg C m(-2) d(-1)), transpiration (from 1-5 kg C m(-2) d(-1)), and sensible and latent heat from the warmest-driest to the coolest-wettest site. The results showed the strong land-cover-specific influence on emissions of BVOCs, gas, energy and water exchange, and therefore demonstrate the potential for feed-back to atmospheric chemistry and climate. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Penuelas, J.; Llusia, J.; Filella, I.; Seco, R.; Estiarte, M.; Mejia-Chang, M.; Ogaya, R.; Ibanez, J.; Sardans, J.; Castano, L. M.] CREAF, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain. [Penuelas, J.; Llusia, J.; Filella, I.; Seco, R.; Estiarte, M.; Mejia-Chang, M.; Ogaya, R.; Ibanez, J.; Sardans, J.; Castano, L. M.] UAB, CSIC, Global Ecol Unit, CREAF,CEAB, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain. [Guenther, A.; Turnipseed, A.; Duhl, T.; Harley, P.; Jiang, X.; Greenberg, J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Rapparini, F.; Facini, O.; Baraldi, R.] CNR, IBIMET, Biometeorol Inst, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Vila, J.] Wageningen Univ, Meteorol & Air Qual Sect, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands. [Estavillo, J. M.] Univ Basque Country, UPV EHU, Dept Plant Biol & Ecol, E-48080 Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain. [Menendez, S.] CSIC, UPNa, GN, Inst Agrobiotechnol IdAB, Navarra 31192, Spain. [Geron, C.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Patton, E. G.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Mesoscale & Microscale Meteorol Div, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Mak, J.] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Penuelas, J (reprint author), UAB, CSIC, Global Ecol Unit, CREAF,CEAB, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain. EM josep.penuelas@uab.es RI Filella, Iolanda/A-2860-2015; Patton, Edward/K-3607-2012; Vila, Jordi /B-4538-2010; Guenther, Alex/B-1617-2008; Penuelas, Josep/D-9704-2011; Estavillo, JM/G-9538-2016; Estiarte, Marc/G-2001-2016; Seco, Roger/F-7124-2011; Harley, Peter/E-1856-2014; Menendez, Sergio/J-9373-2014 OI Patton, Edward/0000-0001-5431-9541; Sardans, Jordi/0000-0003-2478-0219; Guenther, Alex/0000-0001-6283-8288; Penuelas, Josep/0000-0002-7215-0150; Estavillo, JM/0000-0002-3986-8005; Estiarte, Marc/0000-0003-1176-8480; Seco, Roger/0000-0002-2078-9956; Harley, Peter/0000-0002-2647-1973; Menendez, Sergio/0000-0002-2245-9088 FU Spanish government [CSD2008-00040, CGL2010-17172]; Catalan government [SGR2009-458]; U.S. National Science Foundation; Italian Ministry for Research and University under the project CarboItaly (FISR funds); Fundacion Ramon Areces FX We are indebted to the Spanish government projects CONSOLIDER INGENIO MONIES (CSD2008-00040), and CGL2010-17172 and the Catalan government project SGR2009-458. NCAR is sponsored by the U.S. National Science Foundation. The research was also partially funded by the Italian Ministry for Research and University under the project CarboItaly (FISR funds). RS was partially supported by a postdoctoral grant from Fundacion Ramon Areces. NR 65 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 51 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 75 BP 348 EP 364 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.04.032 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 178UO UT WOS:000321473100041 ER PT J AU Connors, KA Du, BW Fitzsimmons, PN Hoffman, AD Chambliss, CK Nichols, JW Brooks, BW AF Connors, Kristin A. Du, Bowen Fitzsimmons, Patrick N. Hoffman, Alex D. Chambliss, C. Kevin Nichols, John W. Brooks, Bryan W. TI Comparative pharmaceutical metabolism by rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver S9 fractions SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Bioaccumulation; Contaminant of emerging concern; Comparative pharmacology; Risk assessment; Alternative model ID PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HEPATIC BIOTRANSFORMATION DATA; IN-VIVO EXTRAPOLATION; COVALENT BINDING DATA; INTRINSIC CLEARANCE; BIOACCUMULATION ASSESSMENT; CRYOPRESERVED HEPATOCYTES; BIOCONCENTRATION FACTOR; NONHEPATOTOXIC DRUGS AB The occurrence of pharmaceuticals in the environment presents a challenge of growing concern. In contrast to many industrial compounds, pharmaceuticals undergo extensive testing prior to their introduction to the environment. In principle, therefore, it may be possible to employ existing pharmacological safety data using biological read-across methods to support screening-level bioaccumulation environmental risk assessment. However, few approaches and robust empirical data sets exist, particularly for comparative pharmacokinetic applications. For many pharmaceuticals, the primary cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes responsible for their metabolism have been identified in humans. The purpose of the present study was to employ a comparative approach to determine whether rainbow trout biotransform pharmaceuticals known to be substrates for specific human CYPs. Seven compounds were selected based on their primary metabolism in humans by CYP3A4, CYP2D6, or CYP2C9. Five additional test compounds are known to be substrates for multiple CYPs. Metabolism by rainbow trout liver S9 fractions was evaluated using a substrate-depletion approach, which provided an estimate of intrinsic hepatic clearance (CLIN VITRO,INT). An isotope dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was employed for quantitation of parent chemical concentrations. Only 2 general CYP substrates demonstrated measurable levels of substrate depletion. No significant biotransformation was observed for known substrates of human CYP2D6, CYP2C9, or CYP3A4. The results of this study provide novel information for therapeutics that fish models are likely to metabolize based on existing mammalian data. Further, these results suggest that pharmaceuticals may possess a greater tendency to bioaccumulate in fish than previously anticipated. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:1810-1818. (c) 2013 SETAC C1 [Connors, Kristin A.; Du, Bowen; Brooks, Bryan W.] Baylor Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Connors, Kristin A.; Du, Bowen; Chambliss, C. Kevin; Brooks, Bryan W.] Baylor Univ, Ctr Reservoir & Aquat Syst Res, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Connors, Kristin A.; Brooks, Bryan W.] Baylor Univ, Inst Biomed Studies, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Du, Bowen; Chambliss, C. Kevin; Brooks, Bryan W.] Baylor Univ, Inst Ecol Earth & Environm Sci, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Fitzsimmons, Patrick N.; Hoffman, Alex D.; Nichols, John W.] US EPA, Duluth, MN USA. [Chambliss, C. Kevin] Baylor Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Waco, TX 76798 USA. RP Connors, KA (reprint author), Baylor Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Waco, TX 76798 USA. EM Connors@Baylor.edu RI Du, Bowen/J-7966-2013; Guenat, Heather/H-6528-2014; Brooks, Bryan/B-2612-2010; OI Du, Bowen/0000-0002-3910-825X; Brooks, Bryan/0000-0002-6277-9852; Connors, Kristin/0000-0002-4887-8408; Chambliss, Kevin/0000-0003-3888-6890 FU Glasscock Fund for Excellence in Environmental Science grant; Texas Sea Grant; Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research; Institute of Biomedical Studies; Department of Environmental Science at Baylor University FX This research was supported by a Glasscock Fund for Excellence in Environmental Science grant to K. A. Connors and a Texas Sea Grant to B. W. Brooks and C. K. Chambliss. The Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, the Institute of Biomedical Studies, and the Department of Environmental Science at Baylor University provided additional support. We thank J. Berninger for useful discussions. NR 65 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 70 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 32 IS 8 BP 1810 EP 1818 DI 10.1002/etc.2240 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 179VI UT WOS:000321549200017 PM 23606059 ER PT J AU Bencic, DC Villeneuve, DL Biales, AD Blake, L Durhan, EJ Jensen, KM Kahl, MD Makynen, EA Martinovic-Weigelt, D Ankley, GT AF Bencic, David C. Villeneuve, Daniel L. Biales, Adam D. Blake, Lindsey Durhan, Elizabeth J. Jensen, Kathleen M. Kahl, Michael D. Makynen, Elizabeth A. Martinovic-Weigelt, Dalma Ankley, Gerald T. TI Effects of the insecticide fipronil on reproductive endocrinology in the fathead minnow SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Pesticide; Endocrine disruption; Neurotransmitter; Fish; Fecundity ID DOPAMINE-RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; ADVERSE OUTCOME PATHWAYS; GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC-ACID; PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY; GONADOTROPIN-RELEASE; CONCEPTUAL-FRAMEWORK; FISH GONADOTROPINS; CHLORIDE CHANNEL; GABA-RECEPTORS AB Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and GABA receptors play an important role in neuroendocrine regulation in fish. Disruption of the GABAergic system by environmental contaminants could interfere with normal regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, leading to impaired fish reproduction. The present study used a 21-d fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) reproduction assay to investigate the reproductive toxicity of fipronil (FIP), a broad-spectrum phenylpyrazole insecticide that acts as a noncompetitive blocker of GABA receptor-gated chloride channels. Continuous exposure up to 5 mu g FIP/L had no significant effect on most of the endpoints measured, including fecundity, secondary sexual characteristics, plasma steroid and vitellogenin concentrations, ex vivo steroid production, and targeted gene expression in gonads or brain. The gonad mass, gonadosomatic index, and histological stage of the gonad were all significantly different in females exposed to 0.5 mu g FIP/L compared with those exposed to 5.0 mu g FIP/L; however, there were no other significant effects on these measurements in the controls or any of the other treatments in either males and females. Overall, the results do not support a hypothesized adverse outcome pathway linking FIP antagonism of the GABA receptor(s) to reproductive impairment in fish. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:1828-1834. (c) 2013 SETAC C1 [Bencic, David C.; Biales, Adam D.] US EPA, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Villeneuve, Daniel L.; Blake, Lindsey; Durhan, Elizabeth J.; Jensen, Kathleen M.; Kahl, Michael D.; Makynen, Elizabeth A.; Martinovic-Weigelt, Dalma; Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN USA. RP Bencic, DC (reprint author), US EPA, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM bencic.david@epa.gov OI Martinovic-Weigelt, Dalma/0000-0002-9973-4965 FU USEPA National Center for Computational Toxicology FX The authors thank Experimental Pathologies Laboratories for assistance with histological analyses and R. Flick and H. Schoenfuss for providing valuable comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. The present study was supported in part by the USEPA National Center for Computational Toxicology. NR 69 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 71 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 32 IS 8 BP 1828 EP 1834 DI 10.1002/etc.2254 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 179VI UT WOS:000321549200019 PM 23625624 ER PT J AU Kadiiska, MB Basu, S Brot, N Cooper, C Csallany, AS Davies, MJ George, MM Murray, DM Roberts, LJ Shigenaga, MK Sohal, RS Stocker, R Van Thiel, DH Wiswedel, I Hatch, GE Mason, RP AF Kadiiska, Maria B. Basu, Samar Brot, Nathan Cooper, Christopher Csallany, A. Saari Davies, Michael J. George, Magdalene M. Murray, Dennis M. Roberts, L. Jackson, II Shigenaga, Mark K. Sohal, Rajindar S. Stocker, Roland Van Thiel, David H. Wiswedel, Ingrid Hatch, Gary E. Mason, Ronald P. TI Biomarkers of oxidative stress study V: Ozone exposure of rats and its effect on lipids, proteins, and DNA in plasma and urine SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Biomarkers; Oxidative stress; Ozone exposure; Rats ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUID; IN-VIVO; METHIONINE OXIDATION; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; BIOLOGICAL-FLUIDS; BREATH CONDENSATE; ASSAY REVEALS; LUNG INJURY AB Ozone exposure effect on free radical-catalyzed oxidation products of lipids, proteins, and DNA in the plasma and urine of rats was studied as a continuation of the international Biomarker of Oxidative Stress Study (BOSS) sponsored by NIEHS/NIH. The goal was to identify a biomarker for ozone-induced oxidative stress and to assess whether inconsistent results often reported in the literature might be due to the limitations of the available methods for measuring the various types of oxidative products. The time- and dose-dependent effects of ozone exposure on rat plasma lipid hydroperoxides, malondialdehyde, F-2-isoprostanes, protein carbonyls, methionine oxidation, and tyrosine- and phenylalanine oxidation products, as well as urinary malondialdehyde and F-2-isoprostanes were investigated with various techniques. The criterion used to recognize a marker in the model of ozone exposure was that a significant effect could be identified and measured in a biological fluid seen at both doses at more than one time point. No statistically significant differences between the experimental and the control groups at either ozone dose and time point studied could be identified in this study. Tissue samples were not included. Despite all the work accomplished in the BOSS study of ozone, no available product of oxidation in biological fluid has yet met the required criteria of being a biomarker. The current negative findings as a consequence of ozone exposure are of great importance, because they document that in complex systems, as the present in vivo experiment, the assays used may not provide meaningful data of ozone oxidation, especially in human studies. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Kadiiska, Maria B.; Mason, Ronald P.] NIEHS, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Basu, Samar] Uppsala Univ, Fac Med, Uppsala, Sweden. [Basu, Samar] Univ Auvergne, Biochem Mol Biol & Nutr Dept, Clermont Ferrand, France. [Brot, Nathan] Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, New York, NY USA. [Cooper, Christopher] Univ Essex, Sch Biol Sci, Colchester CO4 3SQ, Essex, England. [Csallany, A. Saari] Univ Minnesota, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, St Paul, MN USA. [Davies, Michael J.] Univ Sydney, Heart Res Inst, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [George, Magdalene M.; Van Thiel, David H.] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Murray, Dennis M.] Northwest Life Sci Specialties LLC, Vancouver, WA USA. [Roberts, L. Jackson, II] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Med & Pharmacol, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Shigenaga, Mark K.] Childrens Hosp, Oakland Res Inst, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. [Sohal, Rajindar S.] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Stocker, Roland] Victor Chang Cardiac Res Inst, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia. [Wiswedel, Ingrid] Univ Magdeburg, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany. [Hatch, Gary E.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kadiiska, MB (reprint author), NIEHS, NIH, POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM Kadiiska@niehs.nih.gov RI Davies, Michael/H-4939-2011; OI Davies, Michael/0000-0002-5196-6919; Cooper, Chris/0000-0003-0381-3990 FU NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX The research was supported by the Intramural Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. The research described in this article has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 73 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 61 BP 408 EP 415 DI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.04.023 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 168EA UT WOS:000320687300039 PM 23608465 ER PT J AU Stander, EK Rowe, AA Borst, M O'Connor, TP AF Stander, Emilie K. Rowe, Amy A. Borst, Michael O'Connor, Thomas P. TI Novel Use of Time Domain Reflectometry in Infiltration-Based Low Impact Development Practices SO JOURNAL OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Sustainable development; Pavements; Permeability; Water content; Infiltration; Stormwater management; Runoff; Irrigation; Low impact development (LID); Time domain reflectometry (TDR); Water content reflectometers (WCR); Permeable pavement; Rain gardens; Volumetric water content (VWC); Apparent permittivity ID SOIL-WATER CONTENT; ELECTROMAGNETIC DETERMINATION; NORTH-CAROLINA; BIORETENTION; CALIBRATION; TDR; PERFORMANCE; HYDROLOGY; MOISTURE; MITIGATION AB Low impact development (LID) practices intercept storm-water runoff and infiltrate it through a range of media types and underlying soils. Hydrologic performance is typically evaluated by comparing inlet and underdrain outlet flows, but there is no standard practice for defining and measuring performance in LID structures designed without underdrains that infiltrate into the ground. Water content reflectometer (WCR) sensors were installed in the aggregate storage layer under permeable pavement and rain garden media to test their ability to measure the size and timing of the wetting front in infiltrating LID practices. WCR data were also used to monitor infiltration rates in the underlying soil beneath both practices. Bench-scale testing was performed to quantify the response of WCRs to saturated and unsaturated conditions and calibrate sensors to a range of water content values. Bench-scale testing revealed that WCRs installed in the aggregate were calibrated to volumetric water content (VWC) as the aggregate approached saturation. At partial saturation levels, however, mixing models did not accurately predict VWC; apparent permittivity is therefore the appropriate response metric to use under unsaturated flow conditions in the aggregate. WCR responses to a wide range of storm characteristics during the first 6 months of parking-lot and rain-garden monitoring are presented. These monitoring data demonstrated the effects of parking surface and rain-garden cell size on the maximum magnitude of WCR response, time lag from the onset of rain to WCR response, and degree of return to antecedent water content conditions following the end of the storm event. Spatial and temporal variability outweighed any effects of parking surface or cell size on wetting front rates in underlying soil. Methods to protect WCRs placed in the aggregate layer from construction activities of the permeable parking lot are also discussed. (C) 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Stander, Emilie K.] US Agcy Int Dev, Amer Assoc Adv Sci & Technol, Off Nat Resources Management, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Rowe, Amy A.] Rutgers State Univ, New Jersey Agr Expt Stn, Roseland, NJ 07068 USA. [Borst, Michael; O'Connor, Thomas P.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Water Supply & Water Resources Div,Urban Watershe, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. RP O'Connor, TP (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Water Supply & Water Resources Div,Urban Watershe, 2890 Woodbridge Ave,MS 104, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. EM estander@usaid.gov; rowe@njaes.rutgers.edu; borst.mike@epa.gov; oconnor.thomas@epa.gov OI O'Connor, Thomas/0000-0002-5643-644X FU U.S. Dept. of Energy; U.S. EPA FX This project was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Dept. of Energy and U.S. EPA. The authors wish to acknowledge PARS Environmental, S&E, and LNT for technical and construction support during the course of this study. Carolyn Esposito, Anthony Tafuri, and Thomas Speth provided helpful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. Robert Brown provided additional comments and insights during the review period. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 67 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9437 J9 J IRRIG DRAIN E JI J. Irrig. Drainage Eng-ASCE PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 139 IS 8 BP 625 EP 634 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000595 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Engineering; Water Resources GA 180SL UT WOS:000321616600003 ER PT J AU Jones, R Travers, C Rodgers, C Lazar, B English, E Lipton, J Vogel, J Strzepek, K Martinich, J AF Jones, Russell Travers, Constance Rodgers, Charles Lazar, Brian English, Eric Lipton, Joshua Vogel, Jason Strzepek, Kenneth Martinich, Jeremy TI Climate change impacts on freshwater recreational fishing in the United States SO MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES FOR GLOBAL CHANGE LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Economic impacts; Fisheries; Hydrology; Physical impacts ID AIR-TEMPERATURE; HABITAT; STREAMS; DEMAND; SYSTEM; MODEL AB We estimated the biological and economic impacts of climate change on freshwater fisheries in the United States (U.S.). Changes in stream temperatures, flows, and the spatial extent of suitable thermal habitats for fish guilds were modeled for the coterminous U.S. using a range of projected changes in temperature and precipitation caused by increased greenhouse gases (GHGs). Based on modeled shifts in available thermal habitat for fish guilds, we estimated potential economic impacts associated with changes in freshwater recreational fishing using a national-scale economic model of recreational fishing behavior. In general, the spatial distribution of coldwater fisheries is projected to contract, being replaced by warm/cool water and high-thermally tolerant, lower recreational priority (i.e., "rough") fisheries. Changes in thermal habitat suitability become more pronounced under higher emissions scenarios and at later time periods. Under the highest GHG emissions scenario, by year 2100 habitat for coldwater fisheries is projected to decline by roughly 50 % and be largely confined to mountainous areas in the western U.S. and very limited areas of New England and the Appalachians. The economic model projects a decline in coldwater fishing days ranging from 1.25 million in 2030 to 6.42 million by 2100 and that the total present value of national economic losses to freshwater recreational fishing from 2009 to 2100 could range from $81 million to $6.4 billion, depending on the emissions scenario and the choice of discount rate. C1 [Jones, Russell; Travers, Constance; Rodgers, Charles; Lazar, Brian; English, Eric; Lipton, Joshua; Vogel, Jason] Stratus Consulting Inc, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. [Strzepek, Kenneth] MIT, Joint Program Sci & Policy Global Change, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Martinich, Jeremy] US EPA, Climate Change Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Jones, R (reprint author), Stratus Consulting Inc, 1881 9th St,Suite 201, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. EM rjones@stratusconsulting.com; ctravers@stratusconsulting.com; carodgers53@yahoo.com; blazar@stratusconsulting.com; eenglish@stratusconsulting.com; jlipton@stratusconsulting.com; jvogel@stratusconsulting.com; strzepek@mit.edu; Martinich.Jeremy@epamail.epa.gov NR 53 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 37 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1381-2386 EI 1573-1596 J9 MITIG ADAPT STRAT GL JI Mitig. Adapt. Strateg. Glob. Chang. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 18 IS 6 BP 731 EP 758 DI 10.1007/s11027-012-9385-3 PG 28 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 180CD UT WOS:000321569600003 ER PT J AU Mitchell, J Arnot, JA Jolliet, O Georgopoulos, PG Isukapalli, S Dasgupta, S Pandian, M Wambaugh, J Egeghy, P Hubal, EAC Vallero, DA AF Mitchell, Jade Arnot, Jon A. Jolliet, Olivier Georgopoulos, Panos G. Isukapalli, Sastry Dasgupta, Surajit Pandian, Muhilan Wambaugh, John Egeghy, Peter Hubal, Elaine A. Cohen Vallero, Daniel A. TI Comparison of modeling approaches to prioritize chemicals based on estimates of exposure and exposure potential SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Exposure; Modeling; Prioritization; Chemicals; Expocast ID CYCLE IMPACT ASSESSMENT; RISK-ASSESSMENT; INTAKE FRACTION; ENVIRONMENT; FRAMEWORK; TOXICITY AB While only limited data are available to characterize the potential toxicity of over 8 million commercially available chemical substances, there is even less information available on the exposure and use-scenarios that are required to link potential toxicity to human and ecological health outcomes. Recent improvements and advances such as high throughput data gathering, high performance computational capabilities, and predictive chemical inherency methodology make this an opportune time to develop an exposure-based prioritization approach that can systematically utilize and link the asymmetrical bodies of knowledge for hazard and exposure. In response to the US EPA's need to develop novel approaches and tools for rapidly prioritizing chemicals, a "Challenge" was issued to several exposure model developers to aid the understanding of current systems in a broader sense and to assist the US EPA's effort to develop an approach comparable to other international efforts. A common set of chemicals were prioritized under each current approach. The results are presented herein along with a comparative analysis of the rankings of the chemicals based on metrics of exposure potential or actual exposure estimates. The analysis illustrates the similarities and differences across the domains of information incorporated in each modeling approach. The overall findings indicate a need to reconcile exposures from diffuse, indirect sources (far-field) with exposures from directly, applied chemicals in consumer products or resulting from the presence of a chemical in a microenvironment like a home or vehicle, Additionally, the exposure scenario, including the mode of entry into the environment (i.e. through air, water or sediment) appears to be an important determinant of the level of agreement between modeling approaches. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mitchell, Jade; Egeghy, Peter; Hubal, Elaine A. Cohen; Vallero, Daniel A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Arnot, Jon A.] Univ Toronto Scarborough, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Jolliet, Olivier] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Georgopoulos, Panos G.; Isukapalli, Sastry] Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Inst, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Dasgupta, Surajit] Versar Inc, Exposure & Risk Assessment Div, Springfield, VA USA. [Pandian, Muhilan] Infosci, Henderson, NV USA. [Wambaugh, John] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Mitchell, J (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, 206 Farall Hall, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM jade@msu.edu; jon.Arnot@utoronto.ca; ojolliet@umich.edu; panosg@ccl.rutgers.eduu; sisukapalli@gmail.com; SDasgupta@versar.com; muhilan@infoscientific.com; wambaugh.john@epa.gov; egeghy.peter@epa.gov; hubal.elaine@epa.gov; vallero.daniel@epa.gov OI Jolliet, Olivier/0000-0001-6955-4210; Wambaugh, John/0000-0002-4024-534X FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 21 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 6 U2 50 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 458 BP 555 EP 567 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04,051 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 171CC UT WOS:000320901700063 PM 23707726 ER PT J AU Andersson, H Rehm, S Stanislaus, D Wood, CE AF Andersson, Hakan Rehm, Sabine Stanislaus, Dinesh Wood, Charles E. TI Scientific and Regulatory Policy Committee (SRPC) Paper: Assessment of Circulating Hormones in Nonclinical Toxicity Studies III. Female Reproductive Hormones SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review DE hormone measurement; estradiol; progesterone; follicle-stimulating hormone; luteinizing hormone; prolactin; toxicology ID FOLLICLE-STIMULATING-HORMONE; MONKEY MACACA-MULATTA; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; MALE RHESUS-MONKEY; ESTROUS-CYCLE; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; MAMMARY-GLAND; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; BREAST-CANCER; OVARIECTOMIZED RATS AB Hormonally mediated effects on the female reproductive system may manifest as pathologic changes of endocrine-responsive organs and altered reproductive function. Identification of these effects requires proper assessment, which may include investigative studies to profile female reproductive hormones. Here, we briefly describe normal hormonal patterns across the estrous or menstrual cycle and provide general guidance on measuring female reproductive hormones and characterizing hormonal disturbances in nonclinical toxicity studies. Although species used in standard toxicity studies share basic features of reproductive endocrinology, there are important species differences that affect both study design and interpretation of results. Diagnosing female reproductive hormone disturbances can be complicated by many factors, including estrous/menstrual cyclicity, diurnal variation, and age- and stress-related factors. Thus, female reproductive hormonal measurements should not generally be included in first-tier toxicity studies of standard design with groups of unsynchronized intact female animals. Rather, appropriately designed and statistically powered investigative studies are recommended in order to properly identify ovarian and/or pituitary hormone changes and bridge these effects to mechanistic evaluations and safety assessments. This article is intended to provide general considerations and approaches for these types of targeted studies. C1 [Andersson, Hakan] AstraZeneca R&D Innovat Med, Pathol Sci, Global Safety Assessment, SE-43183 Molndal, Sweden. [Stanislaus, Dinesh] GlaxoSmithKline, Safety Assessment, Reprod Toxicol, King Of Prussia, PA USA. [Wood, Charles E.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Andersson, H (reprint author), AstraZeneca R&D Innovat Med, Pathol Sci, Global Safety Assessment, SE-43183 Molndal, Sweden. EM hakan.has.andersson@astrazeneca.com NR 107 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 7 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0192-6233 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 41 IS 6 BP 921 EP 934 DI 10.1177/0192623312466959 PG 14 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA 184NQ UT WOS:000321898400011 PM 23334695 ER PT J AU Impellitteri, CA Harmon, S Silva, RG Miller, BW Scheckel, KG Luxton, TP Schupp, D Panguluri, S AF Impellitteri, Christopher A. Harmon, Stephen Silva, R. Gune Miller, Bradley W. Scheckel, Kirk G. Luxton, Todd P. Schupp, Donald Panguluri, Srinivas TI Transformation of silver nanoparticles in fresh, aged, and incinerated biosolids SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Silver; Nanoparticles; Biosolids; Incineration; Wastewater treatment ID SURFACE-CHARGE; DAPHNIA-MAGNA; TOXICITY; NANOSILVER; EFFLUENT; AGGREGATION; SPECIATION; REDUCTION; PRODUCTS; STRENGTH AB The purpose of this research was to assess the chemical transformation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in aged, fresh, and incinerated biosolids in order to provide information for AgNP life cycle analyses. Silver nanoparticles were introduced to the influent of a pilot-scale wastewater (WW) treatment system consisting of a primary clarifier (PC), aeration basin, and secondary clarifier. The partitioning of the AgNPs between, the aqueous and solid phases in the system was monitored. Less than 3% of the total AgNPs introduced into the PC were measured at the overflow of the PC. Biosolids were collected from the pilot-scale system for silver analyses, including Ag concentration and speciation. Additionally, biosolids were collected from a publically owned treatment works (POTW). The POTW biosolids were spiked with AgNPs, AgNO3, and Ag2S. One set of the spiked POTW biosolids was aged for one month, and another set was analyzed within 24 h via X-ray absorption spectroscopy (CAS) and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) in order to determine Ag chemical speciation and elemental associations. Replicates of the aged and 24-h samples were also incinerated at 850 degrees C for 4 h. The residual ash was analyzed by XAS and SEM-EDX. The results show that AgNPs are converted to Ag-sulfur (as sulfide and sulfhydryl) species in fresh and aged biosolids, which is in agreement with other studies on AgNPs in biosolids. Results from linear combination fitting of the XAS data for incinerated biosolids show that a significant proportion of the spiked silver (30-50%) is converted to elemental Ag in the incineration process. In addition to elemental Ag, the results suggest the presence of additional Ag S complexes such as Ag2SO4 (up to 25%), and silver associated with sulfhydryl groups (26-50%) in the incinerated biosolids. Incinerated biosolids spiked with AgNO3 and Ag2S exhibited similar transformations. These transformations of AgNPs should be accounted for in life-cycle analyses of AgNPs and in management decisions regarding the disposal of incinerated biosolids. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Impellitteri, Christopher A.; Harmon, Stephen; Scheckel, Kirk G.; Luxton, Todd P.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Silva, R. Gune; Schupp, Donald; Panguluri, Srinivas] Shaw Environm Inc, US EPA, Test & Evaluat Facil, Cincinnati, OH 45204 USA. [Miller, Bradley W.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Impellitteri, CA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM impellitteri.christopher@epa.gov RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009 OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 NR 36 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 9 U2 107 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 12 SI SI BP 3878 EP 3886 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2012.12.041 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 173MQ UT WOS:000321084000003 PM 23561507 ER PT J AU Bouchard, D Zhang, W Chang, XJ AF Bouchard, Dermont Zhang, Wei Chang, Xiaojun TI A rapid screening technique for estimating nanoparticle transport in porous media SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Nanoparticle; C-60; SWNTs; Transport; Carbon nanotubes; Fullerene ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; AQUEOUS SYSTEMS; TRACE-METALS; ZERO CHARGE; HUMIC-ACID; DEPOSITION; COLLOIDS; SURFACE; NANOMATERIALS; AGGREGATION AB Quantifying the mobility of engineered nanoparticles in hydrologic pathways from point of release to human or ecological receptors is essential for assessing environmental exposures. Column transport experiments are a widely used technique to estimate the transport parameters of engineered nanoparticles in the subsurface environment, but this technique is often time-consuming, labor-intensive, and of low sample throughput. Thus, the traditional column experiment is unlikely to be a viable tool for processing the large numbers of engineered nanomaterials in various types of porous media that will be needed for environmental impact assessment and regulatory activities. Here we present a high throughput screening technique for nanoparticle transport using 96 deep well plate columns packed with porous media. The technique was tested for the transport of 60-nm polystyrene microspheres, fullerene C-60 nanoparticles (aq/nC(60)), and surfactant-wrapped single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in 0.001-0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) through Iota quartz sand and Calls Creek sediment. Our results showed that this screening technique produced highly reproducible column hydrodynamic properties as revealed by conservative tracer tests and precise measurements of nanoparticle transport parameters. Additionally, all nanoparticles exhibited greater retention in the sediment than in Iota quartz, and the retention of SDS-SWNTs decreased with increasing SDS concentrations, which is consistent with the existing literature. We conclude that this technique is well suited for rapidly screening the mobility of engineered nanomaterials in porous media. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bouchard, Dermont] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Zhang, Wei] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, Environm Sci & Policy Program, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Chang, Xiaojun] Student Serv, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Bouchard, D (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM bouchard.dermont@epa.gov OI Zhang, Wei/0000-0002-2937-1732 NR 51 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 79 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 12 SI SI BP 4086 EP 4094 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2012.10.026 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 173MQ UT WOS:000321084000023 PM 23141766 ER PT J AU Su, CM Puls, RW Krug, TA Watling, MT O'Hara, SK Quinn, JW Ruiz, NE AF Su, Chunming Puls, Robert W. Krug, Thomas A. Watling, Mark T. O'Hara, Suzanne K. Quinn, Jacqueline W. Ruiz, Nancy E. TI Travel distance and transformation of injected emulsified zerovalent iron nanoparticles in the subsurface during two and half years SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Travel distance; Emulsified zerovalent iron; Pneumatic injection; Direct injection; Nanoiron corrosion; Groundwater remediation; Magnetite; Lepidocrocite; Ferrihydrite; Goethite ID ZERO-VALENT IRON; MODIFIED FE-0 NANOPARTICLES; POROUS-MEDIA; PARTICLE CONCENTRATION; SATURATED SAND; NANOSCALE; REACTIVITY; TRANSPORT; REMEDIATION; LEPIDOCROCITE AB Nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI) such as Toda Kogyo RNIP-10DS has been used for site remediation, yet information is lacking regarding how far injected NZVI can travel, how long it lasts, and how it transforms to other minerals in a groundwater system. Previously we reported effective mass destruction of chlorinated ethenes dominated by tetrachloroethene (PCE) using emulsified zerovalent iron (EZVI) nanoparticles of RNIP-10DS in a shallow aquifer (1-6 m below ground surface, BGS) at Site 45, Marine Corps Recruit Depot, Parris Island, South Carolina, USA. Here we report test results on transport and transformation of injected EZVI in the subsurface. We employed two EZVI delivery methods: pneumatic injection and direct injection. Effective delivery of EZVI to the targeted zone was achieved with pneumatic injection showing a travel distance from injection points of up to 2.1 m and direct injection showing a travel distance up to 0.89 m. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy studies on particles harvested from well purge waters indicated that injected black colored NZVI (alpha-Fe-0) was transformed largely to black colored cube-like and plate-like magnetites (Fe3O4, 0.1-1 mu m, 0-9 months), then to orange colored irregularly shaped lepidocrocite (gamma-FeOOH, 0.1-1 mu m, 9 months to 2.5 years), then to yellowish lath-like goethite (alpha-FeOOH, 2-5 mu m, 2.5 years) and ferrihydrite-like spherical particles (0.05-0.1 mu m) in the top portion of the aquifer (1-2 m BGS). No alpha-Fe-0 was found in most monitoring wells three months after injection. The formed iron oxides appeared to have a wider range of particle size (submicron to 5 mu m) than the pristine NZVI (35-140 nm). Injected NZVI was largely transformed to magnetite (0.1-1 mu m) during two and half years in the lower portion of the aquifer (3-6 m). Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Su, Chunming; Puls, Robert W.] US EPA, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Krug, Thomas A.; Watling, Mark T.; O'Hara, Suzanne K.] Geosyntec Consultants Inc, Guelph, ON N1G 5G3, Canada. [Quinn, Jacqueline W.] NASA, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA. [Ruiz, Nancy E.] Naval Facil Engn Command Engn Serv Ctr, Port Hueneme, CA 93043 USA. RP Su, CM (reprint author), US EPA, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 919 Kerr Res Dr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM su.chunming@epa.gov FU ESTCP [ER-0431]; EPA; U.S.EPA FX This project is a collaboration among the United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development, Geosyntec Consultants Inc., NASA, and the Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center. Funding was provided by ESTCP (project ER-0431) and the EPA. Although the research described in this article has been funded partly by the U.S.EPA, it has not been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and, therefore, does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We are grateful to the following individuals and organizations: Deborah Schnell, Cornel Plebani, and their team of Pneumatic Fracturing, Inc. (Alpha, NJ) for high-pressure pneumatic injection of EZVI, Andrew Thornton and Corey Gamwell of Vironex Environmental Field Service (Golden, CO) for direct push injection of EZVI, Drs. Cherie Geiger and Christian Clausen of the University of Central Florida for assisting with on-site preparation of EZVI, Mr. Tim Harrington and Ms. Lisa Donohoe of MCRD at Parris Island and Ms. Bridget Toews (Independent Contractor) for providing logistical support, Messrs. Justin Groves, Brad Scroggins, Ken Jewell, Russell Neil, Tim Lankford, and Pat Clark of EPA, and Steve Randall of Geosyntec for field support, Ms. Lynda Callaway, Lisa Constantino, and Kristie Hargrove and Mr. Mark White of EPA for TOC/TIC and anions analysis, Mr. Tony Lee of EPA for assistance with SEM analysis, Messrs. Steve Markham and Andrew Greenwood of Shaw Environmental & Infrastructure, Inc. for metals analysis, and three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and suggestions that helped to improve the quality of this paper. NR 44 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 5 U2 71 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 12 SI SI BP 4095 EP 4106 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2012.12.042 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 173MQ UT WOS:000321084000024 PM 23562563 ER PT J AU Yan, J AF Yan, Jerett TI Rousing the Sleeping Giant: Administrative Enforcement of Title VI and New Routes to Equity in Transit Planning SO CALIFORNIA LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article ID UNDESIRABLE LAND USES; ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE; STRUCTURAL APPROACH; FISCAL EQUITY AB From Homer Plessy to Rosa Parks, access to public transit has been at the center of the civil rights movement. While de fore segregation is largely a relic of this nation's past, advocates have struggled to adapt civil rights jurisprudence to the more subtle and pervasive transit inequities that exist today. Administrative enforcement of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 has the potential to open a new front in the struggle for transit justice. Using the Federal Transit Administration's Title VI guidance as a starting point, this Comment examines the Current guidance's innovations and weaknesses, and proposes new measures the Federal Transit Administration and other administrative agencies can use to ensure transit planning decisions are made in a manner that is most equitable to the communities involved. C1 US EPA, Off Civil Rights, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Yan, J (reprint author), US EPA, Off Civil Rights, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. NR 120 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA BERKELEY SCH LAW PI BERKELEY PA BOAT HALL, 588 SIMON HALL, BERKELEY, CA 94720-7200 USA SN 0008-1221 EI 1942-6542 J9 CALIF LAW REV JI Calif. Law Rev. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 101 IS 4 BP 1131 EP 1183 PG 53 WC Law SC Government & Law GA AT3MH UT WOS:000344838400005 ER PT J AU Agrawal, R Sikdar, SK AF Agrawal, Rakesh Sikdar, Subhas K. TI Energy and environmental engineering SO CURRENT OPINION IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Agrawal, Rakesh] Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Sikdar, Subhas K.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Agrawal, R (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Forney Hall Chem Engn,480 Stadium Mall Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM agrawalr@purdue.edu; sikdar.subhas@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2211-3398 J9 CURR OPIN CHEM ENG JI Curr. Opin. Chem. Eng. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 2 IS 3 BP 271 EP 272 DI 10.1016/j.coche.2013.07.004 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering GA V39RX UT WOS:000209429200001 ER PT J AU Royland, JE Kodavanti, PRS MacPhail, RC AF Royland, Joyce E. Kodavanti, Prasada Rao S. MacPhail, Robert C. TI Assessment of Brain Energetics at Different Life Stages in the Brown Norway Rat SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 10th International Conference on Brain Energy Metabolism - Bioenergetics of Neurological Disease and Aging CY APR 17-20, 2012 CL Pacific Grove, CA SP NINDS, NIA, Int Soc Neurochemistry (ISN) Conf Comm, NCIRE, Vet Hlth Res Inst, Wiley Blackwell, Seahorse Bioscience C1 [Royland, Joyce E.] US EPA, NHEERL, ORD, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kodavanti, Prasada Rao S.; MacPhail, Robert C.] US EPA, NHEERL, ORD, Toxicol Assessment Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0360-4012 J9 J NEUROSCI RES JI J. Neurosci. Res. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 91 IS 8 SI SI BP 1108 EP 1109 PG 2 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 171MO UT WOS:000320933700066 ER PT J AU Mamakos, A Khalek, I Giannelli, R Spears, M AF Mamakos, Athanasios Khalek, Imad Giannelli, Robert Spears, Matthew TI Characterization of Combustion Aerosol Produced by a Mini-CAST and Treated in a Catalytic Stripper SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONDENSATION PARTICLE COUNTERS; DIESEL EXHAUST; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; EFFECTIVE DENSITY; CALIBRATION; MOBILITY; NANOPARTICLES; REDUCTION; EMISSIONS AB We characterized the properties of combustion aerosol produced at different operating conditions of a mini-CAST burner that was treated in a Catalytic Stripper (CS) operating at 300 degrees C. The goal was to establish a methodology for the production of soot particles resembling those emitted from internal combustion engines. Thermo-optical analysis of samples collected on Quartz filters revealed that the particles contained semi-volatile material that survived the CS. The amount of semi-volatile species strongly depended on the operating conditions ranging from less than 10% to as high as 30% of the particle mass. The mini-CAST operating conditions were also found to have a strong effect on the effective particle density ((e) ). The (e) , for example, ranged from as low as 0.3 to 1.05g/cm(3) for mondisperse 80nm particles, although the mass-mobility exponent remained relatively constant (2.1-2.25). These differences are indicative of differences in the primary particle diameter, which was estimated to range between 8.5 and 34nm depending on the operating conditions. The different types of particles produced were also found to exhibit different affinities for butanol but also different light absorption per mass of elemental carbon which can, therefore, lead to inconsistencies in aerosol instrumentation calibrations (e.g., condensation and optical particle counters, photoacoustic sensors). The work highlights the importance of establishing a detailed and well-defined method in using the mini-CAST-CS approach for instrument calibration in ways mimicking various engine combustion sources. Copyright 2013 American Association for Aerosol Research C1 [Mamakos, Athanasios; Khalek, Imad] SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78238 USA. [Giannelli, Robert; Spears, Matthew] US EPA, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Mamakos, A (reprint author), SW Res Inst, 6220 Culebra Rd, San Antonio, TX 78238 USA. EM athanasios.mamakos@swri.org FU EPA [GS-07F-6087P] FX The authors would like to acknowledge Richard Mechler, Daniel Preece, and Vinay Premnath for their assistance in setting up the experimental setup. The authors would also like to thank Dr. Matti Maricq for his thorough and careful review of our article and his insightful recommendations. Dr. H. Seong and Dr. L. O. Kyeong from Argonne National Laboratory are gratefully acknowledged for the collection of TEM samples and their analysis. Athanasios Mamakos would like to thank Dr. Yannis Drossinos for the fruitful discussions on the description of fractal particles. This work was funded by EPA under Contract No. GS-07F-6087P. NR 43 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 5 U2 22 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0278-6826 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 8 BP 927 EP 936 DI 10.1080/02786826.2013.802762 PG 10 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 159CD UT WOS:000320020700010 ER PT J AU Lehto, LLP Hill, BH AF Lehto, LaRae L. P. Hill, Brian H. TI The effect of catchment urbanization on nutrient uptake and biofilm enzyme activity in Lake Superior (USA) tributary streams SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Extracellular enzyme activity; Nutrient uptake; Respiration; Streams; Urbanization ID TRANSPORT SYSTEM ACTIVITY; MID-ATLANTIC REGION; HEADWATER STREAMS; RIVERINE BACTERIOPLANKTON; MICROBIAL RESPIRATION; TRANSIENT STORAGE; NITROGEN; LIMITATION; SOIL; ECOSYSTEMS AB We compared landscape, habitat, and chemistry variables with nutrient spiraling and biofilm extracellular enzyme activity (EEA), to assess the response of nine Lake Superior tributaries to the level of urbanization in their catchments. We found no significant correlation between uptake metrics for NH4 (+) and PO4 (3-) and the level of catchment urbanization. NH4 (+) and PO4 (3-) uptake velocities (V (f)) were, however, positively correlated with biofilm EEA and with biofilm respiration (DHA). In general, biofilm EEA was negatively correlated with indicators of increased urbanization (e.g., % impervious surface cover and Cl- concentration) and positively correlated with % forest cover. Biofilm respiration measured as dehydrogenase activity (DHA) decreased with indicators of increased urbanization (e.g., % ISC, storm sewer length, % of the stream channel shaded by the riparian canopy, and Cl-) and increased with non-urban indicators (e.g., % forest, % wetland, and stream width and depth). Regression of V (f) and uptake rate (U) versus ambient nutrient concentrations indicated phosphorus limitation in the study streams, a result supported by regression biofilm peptidase versus phosphatase activity. There was no evidence of NH4 (+) saturation or limitation. This is the first study to demonstrate correlations between nutrient uptake and biofilm EEA in streams, with linkages to catchment-scale disturbances. C1 [Lehto, LaRae L. P.] Univ Minnesota, Integrated Biosci Grad Program, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. [Hill, Brian H.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Lehto, LLP (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Integrated Biosci Grad Program, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. EM lehto.larae@epa.gov FU University of Minnesota-US Environmental Protection Agency Cooperative training partnership in Aquatic Toxicology and Ecosystem Research [CR83341401] FX This research was funded through the University of Minnesota-US Environmental Protection Agency Cooperative training partnership in Aquatic Toxicology and Ecosystem Research (CR83341401). We would like to thank Dr. Lucinda Johnson and Dr. John Pastor for all of their guidance in the development of this study and helpful editorial comments. We would also like to thank Jeremy Erickson who was instrumental in the completion of this study, along with Robert Hell and Noah Kroening at the Natural Resources Research Institute for their wonderful field assistance. Colleen Elonen and Lindsey Seifert provided expert laboratory sample analysis. Thank you to Terri Jicha for her field work and statistical analysis help and to Tom Hollenhorst and Matthew Starry for their GIS expertise. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 49 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 67 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD AUG PY 2013 VL 713 IS 1 BP 35 EP 51 DI 10.1007/s10750-013-1491-z PG 17 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 146HM UT WOS:000319080900003 ER PT J AU Oudejans, L Wyrzykowska-Ceradini, B Williams, C Tabor, D Martinez, J AF Oudejans, Lukas Wyrzykowska-Ceradini, Barbara Williams, Craig Tabor, Dennis Martinez, Jeanelle TI Impact of Environmental Conditions on the Enzymatic Decontamination of a Material Surface Contaminated with Chemical Warfare Agent Simulants SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BIODEGRADATION AB The efficacies of enzyme-based technologies developed for the decontamination of surfaces contaminated with chemical warfare agent simulants were measured as a function of operating and environmental conditions mimicking possible outdoor conditions. Bench-scale decontamination testing was used to evaluate two enzyme-containing products for their ability to neutralize paraoxon and 2-chloroethyl phenyl sulfide (2-CEPS) selected as simulants of G-, V-series chemical agents and sulfur mustard, respectively. Residual amounts of the simulant on galvanized metal coupons were measured following application of the enzyme. Both enzymatic decontamination methods performed fairly well against the simulants, with higher efficacies at higher temperature against paraoxon and the opposite trend for the second enzyme solution against 2-CEPS. A longer interaction period resulted in better efficacy. Reapplication of fresh enzyme solution yielded a major improvement in efficacy. The neutral pH of both enzyme solutions makes this decontamination approach a useful decontamination tool for surfaces on which harsher decontamination products cannot be applied. C1 [Oudejans, Lukas] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Wyrzykowska-Ceradini, Barbara; Williams, Craig] ARCADIS US Inc, Durham, NC 27713 USA. [Tabor, Dennis] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Martinez, Jeanelle] US EPA, Off Solid Waste & Emergency Response, Off Emergency Management, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Oudejans, L (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM oudejans.lukas@epa.gov FU The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP-C-09-027]; ARCADIS US, Inc. FX We acknowledge David Mickunas for his contributions as a project team member, and Matt Clayton and Andy Stinson for their contributions in the design of the experimental setup and chemical analyses. Additionally, the authors thank Larry Kaelin and Sang Don Lee for review of the original manuscript. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and directed the research described herein under Contract EP-C-09-027 with ARCADIS US, Inc. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 98 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD JUL 31 PY 2013 VL 52 IS 30 BP 10072 EP 10079 DI 10.1021/ie401052z PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 196DA UT WOS:000322752400006 ER PT J AU Zhang, XL Yan, S Tyagi, RD Surampalli, RY AF Zhang, X. L. Yan, S. Tyagi, R. D. Surampalli, R. Y. TI Odor control in lagoons SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE Lagoon odor control; Physical cover; Oxidation; Biological cover ID WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; FUELED CATALYTIC MICROREACTORS; HETERO-/HOMOGENEOUS COMBUSTION; SOLID-LIQUID SEPARATION; HYDROGEN-SULFIDE; SWINE MANURE; SP-NOV; ANAEROBIC LAGOONS; SULFUR-COMPOUNDS AB Lagoons are widely used in rural area for wastewater treatment; however, the odor problem has hampered its application. The root of odor emission from lagoons varies from one to another. The key of controlling the odor is to find out the cause and accordingly provide strategies. Various physical, chemical, and biological methods have been reported and applied for odor control. Physical technologies such as masking, capturing and sorption are often employed to mitigate the pressure from compliant while not to cut off the problem. Chemical technologies which act rapidly and efficiently in odor control, utilize chemicals to damage the odorant production root or convert odorant to odorless substances. Biological methods such as aeration, biocover and biofiltration control the odor by enhancing aerobic condition or developing methanogens in lagoon, and biologically decomposing the odorants. Comparing to physical and chemical methods, biological methods are more feasible. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, X. L.; Yan, S.; Tyagi, R. D.] Inst Natl Rech Sci Eau Terre & Environm, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), Inst Natl Rech Sci Eau Terre & Environm, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM rd.tyagi@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [A 4984] FX Sincere thanks are due to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant A 4984, Canada Research Chair) for their financial support. The views and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors. NR 137 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 54 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD JUL 30 PY 2013 VL 124 BP 62 EP 71 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.03.022 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 161UV UT WOS:000320219700007 PM 23607996 ER PT J AU Spence, PL Jordan, SJ AF Spence, Porche L. Jordan, Stephen J. TI Effects of nitrogen inputs on freshwater wetland ecosystem services - A Bayesian network analysis SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Freshwater wetlands; Nitrogen removal; Water quality; Nitrous oxide; Ecosystem services; Bayesian Belief Networks ID CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; OXIDE EMISSION; QUALITY; RETENTION; NITRATE; SURFACE; DENITRIFICATION; REMOVAL; FLOW; CATCHMENT AB Increased nitrogen (N) inputs to freshwater wetlands potentially affect the interaction between nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and outflow water quality. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of N inputs on N removal, as well as the interaction between N2O emissions and outflow water quality, using a Bayesian Belief Network (BBN). The BBN was developed by linking wetland classification, biogeochemical processes, and environmental factors. Empirical data for 34 freshwater wetlands were gathered from a comprehensive review of published peer-reviewed and gray literature. The BEN was implemented using 30 wetlands (88% of the case file) and evaluated using a single test file containing 4 wetlands (12% of the case file). The BBN implies it is not average annual total N load entering the wetland, but the N removal efficiency that influences the interactions between N2O emissions and outflow water quality. Even though the network has a very low error rate indicating a high predictive accuracy, additional testing and larger training and testing datasets would increase confidence in the model's ability to provide robust predictions and to reduce the uncertainty resulting from an incomplete dataset and knowledge gaps regarding the interactions between N2O emissions and outflow water quality. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Spence, Porche L.; Jordan, Stephen J.] US EPA, NHEERL, GED, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Spence, PL (reprint author), US EPA, NHEERL, GED, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM porchespence@yahoo.com; Jordan.Steve@epa.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) FX We appreciate preliminary reviews by John Harrison and John Carriger. The comments and suggestions provided by the anonymous JEM reviewers were very helpful and greatly appreciated. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. This is contribution 1443 from the Gulf Ecology Division, and a product of EPA's Ecosystem Services Research Program. Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) is acknowledged for their financial support of this project and post doctoral fellowship. NR 67 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 95 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD JUL 30 PY 2013 VL 124 BP 91 EP 99 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.03.029 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 161UV UT WOS:000320219700010 PM 23624426 ER PT J AU Boudes, M Uvin, P Pinto, S Freichel, M Birnbaumer, L Voets, T De Ridder, D Vennekens, R AF Boudes, Mathieu Uvin, Pieter Pinto, Silvia Freichel, Marc Birnbaumer, Lutz Voets, Thomas De Ridder, Dirk Vennekens, Rudi TI Crucial Role of TRPC1 and TRPC4 in Cystitis-Induced Neuronal Sprouting and Bladder Overactivity SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID DORSAL-ROOT GANGLION; INTERSTITIAL CYSTITIS; RAT BLADDER; NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR; URINARY-BLADDER; SENSORY NEURONS; GROWTH CONES; NERVE INJURY; RECEPTOR; EXPRESSION AB Purpose: During cystitis, increased innervation of the bladder by sensory nerves may contribute to bladder overactivity and pain. The mechanisms whereby cystitis leads to hyperinnervation of the bladder are, however, poorly understood. Since TRP channels have been implicated in the guidance of growth cones and survival of neurons, we investigated their involvement in the increases in bladder innervation and bladder activity in rodent models of cystitis. Materials and Methods: To induce bladder hyperactivity, we chronically injected cyclophosphamide in rats and mice. All experiments were performed a week later. We used quantitative transcriptional analysis and immunohistochemistry to determine TRP channel expression on retrolabelled bladder sensory neurons. To assess bladder function and referred hyperalgesia, urodynamic analysis, detrusor strip contractility and Von Frey filament experiments were done in wild type and knock-out mice. Results: Repeated cyclophosphamide injections induce a specific increase in the expression of TRPC1 and TRPC4 in bladder-innervating sensory neurons and the sprouting of sensory fibers in the bladder mucosa. Interestingly, cyclophosphamide-treated Trpc1/c4(-/-) mice no longer exhibited increased bladder innervations, and, concomitantly, the development of bladder overactivity was diminished in these mice. We did not observe a difference neither in bladder contraction features of double knock-out animals nor in cyclophosphamide-induced referred pain behavior. Conclusions: Collectively, our data suggest that TRPC1 and TRPC4 are involved in the sprouting of sensory neurons following bladder cystitis, which leads to overactive bladder disease. C1 [Boudes, Mathieu; Uvin, Pieter; De Ridder, Dirk] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Dev & Regenerat, Lab Expt Urol, Louvain, Belgium. [Boudes, Mathieu; Uvin, Pieter; Pinto, Silvia; Voets, Thomas; Vennekens, Rudi] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Cellular & Mol Med, Lab Ion Channel Res, Louvain, Belgium. [Boudes, Mathieu; Uvin, Pieter; Pinto, Silvia; Voets, Thomas; De Ridder, Dirk; Vennekens, Rudi] TRP Res Platform Leuven, Louvain, Belgium. [Freichel, Marc] Univ Saarland, Homburg, Germany. [Freichel, Marc] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Pharmakol, Heidelberg, Germany. [Birnbaumer, Lutz] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Neurobiol Signal Transduct, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Boudes, M (reprint author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Dev & Regenerat, Lab Expt Urol, Louvain, Belgium. EM mathieu.boudes@med.kuleuven.be; rudi.vennekens@med.kuleuven.be RI De Ridder, Dirk /G-2481-2010; Voets, Thomas/E-2466-2012; Uvin, Pieter/A-9221-2016; OI De Ridder, Dirk /0000-0001-6914-0077; Voets, Thomas/0000-0001-5526-5821; Uvin, Pieter/0000-0003-1264-2417; Vennekens, Rudi/0000-0002-2564-5150 FU Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) [G0565.07, G0686.09]; Research Council of the KU Leuven [GOA 2009/07, EF/ 95/010]; TRPLe; Astellas; National Institutes of Health [ZO1-ES-101684] FX This research was supported by Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) Grants G0565.07 and G0686.09 and Research Council of the KU Leuven Grants GOA 2009/07, EF/ 95/010 and TRPLe, an unrestricted educational grant by Astellas, and in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (project ZO1-ES-101684 to LB). MB is Marie Curie Fellow and PU is a PhD student of the FWO. DDR is a senior clinical researcher of the FWO Vlaanderen. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 47 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 29 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e69550 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0069550 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 204MP UT WOS:000323369700040 PM 23922735 ER PT J AU Hilborn, ED Soares, RM Servaites, JC Delgado, AG Magalhaes, VF Carmichael, WW Azevedo, SMFO AF Hilborn, Elizabeth D. Soares, Raquel M. Servaites, Jerome C. Delgado, Alvima G. Magalhaes, Valeria F. Carmichael, Wayne W. Azevedo, Sandra M. F. O. TI Sublethal Microcystin Exposure and Biochemical Outcomes among Hemodialysis Patients SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BLUE-GREEN-ALGA; LIVER-DAMAGE; CYANOBACTERIA; SERUM; CYANOTOXINS; AERUGINOSA; BRAZIL; WATER; LR; INTOXICATION AB Cyanobacteria are commonly-occurring contaminants of surface waters worldwide. Microcystins, potent hepatotoxins, are among the best characterized cyanotoxins. During November, 2001, a group of 44 hemodialysis patients were exposed to microcystins via contaminated dialysate. Serum microcystin concentrations were quantified with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay which measures free serum microcystin LR equivalents (ME). We describe serum ME concentrations and biochemical outcomes among a subset of patients during 8 weeks following exposure. Thirteen patients were included; 6 were males, patients' median age was 45 years (range 16-80), one was seropositive for hepatitis B surface antigen. The median serum ME concentration was 0.33 ng/mL (range:,0.16-0.96). One hundred thirty nine blood samples were collected following exposure. Patients' biochemical outcomes varied, but overall indicated a mixed liver injury. Linear regression evaluated each patient's weekly mean biochemical outcome with their maximum serum ME concentration; a measure of the extrinsic pathway of clotting function, prothrombin time, was negatively and significantly associated with serum ME concentrations. This group of exposed patients' biochemical outcomes display evidence of a mixed liver injury temporally associated with microcystin exposure. Interpretation of biochemical outcomes are complicated by the study population's underlying chronic disease status. It is clear that dialysis patients are a distinct 'at risk' group for cyanotoxin exposures due to direct intravenous exposure to dialysate prepared from surface drinking water supplies. Careful monitoring and treatment of water supplies used to prepare dialysate is required to prevent future cyanotoxin exposure events. C1 [Hilborn, Elizabeth D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Soares, Raquel M.; Delgado, Alvima G.; Magalhaes, Valeria F.; Azevedo, Sandra M. F. O.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Lab Ecophysiol & Toxicol Cyanobacteria, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophys Inst, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Servaites, Jerome C.; Carmichael, Wayne W.] Wright State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. RP Hilborn, ED (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hilborn.e@epa.gov RI Soares, Raquel /C-9863-2014 FU Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq); Carlos Chagas Filho Rio de Janeiro State Research Supporting Foundation (FAPERJ); Foundation for the Coordination of Higher Education and Graduate Training (CAPES); United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) [2D-5849-NAEX]; USEPA [EP-D-07-109] FX Funded by The Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq); The Carlos Chagas Filho Rio de Janeiro State Research Supporting Foundation (FAPERJ); and The Foundation for the Coordination of Higher Education and Graduate Training (CAPES); United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Contract grant number: 2D-5849-NAEX; USEPA Contract number: EP-D-07-109. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 24 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 24 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e69518 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0069518 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 188BY UT WOS:000322167900079 PM 23894497 ER PT J AU Hou, WC Stuart, B Howes, R Zepp, RG AF Hou, Wen-Che Stuart, Brittany Howes, Roberta Zepp, Richard G. TI Sunlight-Driven Reduction of Silver Ions by Natural Organic Matter: Formation and Transformation of Silver Nanoparticles SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMIC SUBSTANCES; INTRAHUMIC DECHLORINATION; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; SINGLET OXYGEN; WATER; ENVIRONMENT; GROWTH; DISSOLUTION; SPECIATION; RELEASE AB Photobiogeochemical reactions involving metal species can be a source of naturally occurring nanoscale materials in the aquatic environment. This study demonstrates that, under simulated sunlight exposure, ionic Ag is photoreduced in river water or synthetic natural water samples that contain natural organic matter (NOM), forming Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) that transform in size and shape and precipitate out upon extended irradiation. We show that the dissolved oxygen concentration does not appear to affect AgNP formation rates, indicating that reactive transients such as superoxide, hydrated electron, and triplet NOM do not play a large role. By varying pH and NOM concentrations and adding competing cations on the AgNP formation, we present three lines of evidence to show that Ag ion photoreduction likely involves ionic Ag binding to NOM. Our work suggests that photochemical reactions involving ionic Ag and NOM can be a source of nanosized Ag in the environment. C1 [Hou, Wen-Che] US EPA, Natl Res Council Associate, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Stuart, Brittany; Howes, Roberta] US EPA, Sci & Ecosyst Support Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Zepp, Richard G.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Hou, Wen-Che] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Tainan 701, Taiwan. RP Hou, WC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Res Council Associate, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM whou0603@gmail.com; zepp.richard@epa.gov RI Hou, Wen-Che/F-5736-2011 OI Hou, Wen-Che/0000-0001-9884-2932 NR 61 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 14 U2 140 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 16 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 14 BP 7713 EP 7721 DI 10.1021/es400802w PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 186QS UT WOS:000322059800019 PM 23731169 ER PT J AU Watson, EB Pasternack, GB Gray, AB Goni, M Woolfolk, AM AF Watson, Elizabeth Burke Pasternack, Gregory B. Gray, Andrew B. Goni, Miguel Woolfolk, Andrea M. TI Particle size characterization of historic sediment deposition from a closed estuarine lagoon, Central California SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE sediment sorting; sediment texture; granulometry; lagoon sedimentation; intermittently open estuaries; ICOLL ID MARSH SEDIMENTS; ORGANIC-MATTER; SALT-MARSH; PARAMETERS; CARBON; RIVER; DISCRIMINATION; STATISTICS; ISOTOPE; DISTRIBUTIONS AB Recent studies of estuarine sediment deposits have focused on grain size spectra as a tool to better understand depositional processes, in particular those associated with tidal inlet and basin dynamics. The key to accurate interpretation of lithostratigraphic sequences is establishing clear connections between morphodynamic changes and the resulting shifts in sediment texture. Here, we report on coupled analysis of shallow sediment profiles from a closed estuarine lagoon in concert with recent changes in lagoon morphology reconstructed from historic sources, with a specific emphasis on the ability of suite statistics to provide meaningful insights into changes in sediment transport agency. We found that a major reorganization in lagoon morphology, dating to the 1940s, was associated with a shift in sediment deposition patterns. The restricted inlet was associated with deposition of sediments that were finer, less negatively skewed, and less leptokurtic in distribution than sediments deposited while the lagoon had a more open structure. These shifts are associated with a change in transport process from fluvial (through-flow) to closed basin (trapping). We also found other chemostratigraphic changes accompanying this shift in sediment texture, reflecting changes in organic matter source, wetland species composition, and an increase in sediment organic content, as presumably coarse, well-ventilated floodplain sediments tend to result in mineralization rather than sequestration of organic matter. In conclusion, we found that grain size analysis, in concert with the suite statistics technique, reflected changes in coastal configuration supported by historic maps and photos, however, we also recognize that this analysis was more informative given further context through additional sedimentary analyses. These findings provide a basis for the interpretation of particle size distribution in lithostratigraphic sequences associated with bar-built estuaries, where understanding natural and anthropogenically-modified inlet dynamics may help shape conservation management where concerns exist with respect to fish passage, water quality, and sediment transport. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Watson, Elizabeth Burke; Pasternack, Gregory B.; Gray, Andrew B.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Goni, Miguel] Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Woolfolk, Andrea M.] Elkhorn Slough Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Watsonville, CA 95076 USA. RP Watson, EB (reprint author), US EPA, ORD NHEERL, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM elizabeth.b.watson@gmail.com; gbpast@ucdavis.edu; abgray@ucdavis.edu; mgoni@coas.oregonstate.edu; amwoolfolk@gmail.com RI Goni, Miguel/E-4456-2014; Pasternack, Gregory/B-8619-2012; OI Pasternack, Gregory/0000-0002-1977-4175; Goni, Miguel/0000-0001-7682-8064 FU National Science Foundation [0628385] FX This research was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under award No. 0628385. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Thanks to Rob Wheatcroft for gamma spectroscopy, to Eric Van Dyke for assistance with historical ecology research, to Scott Morford, Katie Farnsworth, Sonja Gray, Francis Madden, Yvan Alleau, Larissa Salaki, Peter Barnes, Sarah Greve, and Duyen Ho for help with core collection and sample processing, to Ivano Aiello and Dave Schwartz for helpful discussions, and to Patricia DeCastro for assistance with graphics. NR 69 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 53 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0272-7714 J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. PD JUL 10 PY 2013 VL 126 BP 23 EP 33 DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2013.04.006 PG 11 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 167MZ UT WOS:000320637400003 ER PT J AU Sutton, MA Reis, S Riddick, SN Dragosits, U Nemitz, E Theobald, MR Tang, YS Braban, CF Vieno, M Dore, AJ Mitchell, RF Wanless, S Daunt, F Fowler, D Blackall, TD Milford, C Flechard, CR Loubet, B Massad, R Cellier, P Personne, E Coheur, PF Clarisse, L Van Damme, M Ngadi, Y Clerbaux, C Skjoth, CA Geels, C Hertel, O Kruit, RJW Pinder, RW Bash, JO Walker, JT Simpson, D Horvath, L Misselbrook, TH Bleeker, A Dentener, F de Vries, W AF Sutton, Mark A. Reis, Stefan Riddick, Stuart N. Dragosits, Ulrike Nemitz, Eiko Theobald, Mark R. Tang, Y. Sim Braban, Christine F. Vieno, Massimo Dore, Anthony J. Mitchell, Robert F. Wanless, Sarah Daunt, Francis Fowler, David Blackall, Trevor D. Milford, Celia Flechard, Chris R. Loubet, Benjamin Massad, Raia Cellier, Pierre Personne, Erwan Coheur, Pierre F. Clarisse, Lieven Van Damme, Martin Ngadi, Yasmine Clerbaux, Cathy Skjoth, Carsten Ambelas Geels, Camilla Hertel, Ole Kruit, Roy J. Wichink Pinder, Robert W. Bash, Jesse O. Walker, John T. Simpson, David Horvath, Laszlo Misselbrook, Tom H. Bleeker, Albert Dentener, Frank de Vries, Wim TI Towards a climate-dependent paradigm of ammonia emission and deposition SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE ammonia; emission; deposition; atmospheric modelling ID PLANT-ATMOSPHERE EXCHANGE; GAS-PARTICLE INTERACTIONS; COMPENSATION POINT; MANAGED GRASSLAND; DUTCH HEATHLAND; MODEL; VOLATILIZATION; NITROGEN; CANOPY; SOIL AB Existing descriptions of bi-directional ammonia (NH3) land-atmosphere exchange incorporate temperature and moisture controls, and are beginning to be used in regional chemical transport models. However, such models have typically applied simpler emission factors to upscale the main NH3 emission terms. While this approach has successfully simulated the main spatial patterns on local to global scales, it fails to address the environment-and climate-dependence of emissions. To handle these issues, we outline the basis for a new modelling paradigm where both NH3 emissions and deposition are calculated online according to diurnal, seasonal and spatial differences in meteorology. We show how measurements reveal a strong, but complex pattern of climatic dependence, which is increasingly being characterized using ground-based NH3 monitoring and satellite observations, while advances in process-based modelling are illustrated for agricultural and natural sources, including a global application for seabird colonies. A future architecture for NH3 emission-deposition modelling is proposed that integrates the spatio-temporal interactions, and provides the necessary foundation to assess the consequences of climate change. Based on available measurements, a first empirical estimate suggests that 5 degrees C warming would increase emissions by 42 per cent (28-67%). Together with increased anthropogenic activity, global NH3 emissions may increase from 65 (45-85) Tg N in 2008 to reach 132 (89-179) Tg by 2100. C1 [Sutton, Mark A.; Reis, Stefan; Riddick, Stuart N.; Dragosits, Ulrike; Nemitz, Eiko; Tang, Y. Sim; Braban, Christine F.; Vieno, Massimo; Dore, Anthony J.; Mitchell, Robert F.; Wanless, Sarah; Daunt, Francis; Fowler, David] NERC, Ctr Ecol & Hydrol Edinburgh, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland. [Riddick, Stuart N.; Blackall, Trevor D.] Kings Coll London, Dept Geog, London WC2R 2LS, England. [Theobald, Mark R.] Tech Univ Madrid, Higher Tech Sch Agr Engn, Madrid 28040, Spain. [Milford, Celia] Meteorol State Agcy Spain AEMET, Izana Atmospher Res Ctr, Santa Cruz De Tenerife 38071, Spain. [Milford, Celia] Univ Huelva, Huelva, Spain. [Flechard, Chris R.] INRA, UMR 1069 SAS, F-35042 Rennes, France. [Loubet, Benjamin; Massad, Raia; Cellier, Pierre; Personne, Erwan] UMR INRA AgroParisTech Environm & Grandes Culture, F-78850 Thiverval Grignon, France. [Coheur, Pierre F.; Clarisse, Lieven; Van Damme, Martin; Ngadi, Yasmine; Clerbaux, Cathy] Univ Libre Brussels, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Clerbaux, Cathy] Univ Paris 06, CNRS INSU, LATMOS IPSL, UMR8190, Paris, France. [Skjoth, Carsten Ambelas; Geels, Camilla; Hertel, Ole] Aarhus Univ, Dept Environm Sci, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. [Skjoth, Carsten Ambelas] Univ Worcester, Nat Pollen & Aerobiol Res Unit, Worcester WR2 6AJ, England. [Kruit, Roy J. Wichink] TNO, NL-3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Pinder, Robert W.; Bash, Jesse O.; Walker, John T.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Durham, NC 27711 USA. [Simpson, David] Norwegian Meteorol Inst, EMEP MSC W, N-0313 Oslo, Norway. [Simpson, David] Chalmers, Dept Earth & Space Sci, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Horvath, Laszlo] Szent Istvan Univ, Inst Bot & Ecophysiol, Plant Ecol Res Grp Hungarian Acad Sci, H-2100 Godollo, Hungary. [Misselbrook, Tom H.] Rothamsted Res, Sustainable Soils & Grassland Syst, North Wyke, Okehampton EX20 2SB, England. [Bleeker, Albert] Energy Res Ctr Netherlands ECN, NL-1755 ZG Petten, Netherlands. [Dentener, Frank] European Commiss, DG Joint Res Ctr, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. [de Vries, Wim] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands. RP Sutton, MA (reprint author), NERC, Ctr Ecol & Hydrol Edinburgh, Bush Estate, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland. EM ms@ceh.ac.uk RI Misselbrook, Tom/N-2385-2014; Massad, Raia Silvia/F-8100-2010; Vieno, Massimo/K-8196-2015; Milford, Celia/L-9351-2015; Flechard, Chris/E-6567-2010; Theobald, Mark/F-6971-2016; clerbaux, cathy/I-5478-2013; Dragosits, Ulrike/A-1842-2010; Walker, John/I-8880-2014; Geels, Camilla/G-4757-2013; Simpson, David/A-3313-2009; Reis, Stefan/E-4713-2011; Daunt, Francis/K-6688-2012; Bash, Jesse/E-9688-2013; Pinder, Robert/F-8252-2011; UMR SAS, INRA/L-1751-2013; Hertel, Ole/L-4346-2013; UMR SAS, Agrohydrologie/D-3726-2012; fowler, david/B-5446-2010; Nemitz, Eiko/I-6121-2012 OI Skjoth, Carsten Ambelas/0000-0001-5992-9568; Misselbrook, Tom/0000-0002-4594-3606; Massad, Raia Silvia/0000-0002-1296-1744; Theobald, Mark/0000-0002-8133-0532; Braban, Christine/0000-0003-4275-0152; Bash, Jesse/0000-0001-8736-0102; Walker, John/0000-0001-6034-7514; Geels, Camilla/0000-0003-2549-1750; Simpson, David/0000-0001-9538-3208; Reis, Stefan/0000-0003-2428-8320; Daunt, Francis/0000-0003-4638-3388; Pinder, Robert/0000-0001-6390-7126; Hertel, Ole/0000-0003-0972-7735; fowler, david/0000-0002-2999-2627; Nemitz, Eiko/0000-0002-1765-6298 NR 64 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 11 U2 128 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8436 EI 1471-2970 J9 PHILOS T R SOC B JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD JUL 5 PY 2013 VL 368 IS 1621 AR 20130166 DI 10.1098/rstb.2013.0166 PG 13 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 152AQ UT WOS:000319502100015 PM 23713128 ER PT J AU Dennis, RL Schwede, DB Bash, JO Pleim, JE Walker, JT Foley, KM AF Dennis, Robin L. Schwede, Donna B. Bash, Jesse O. Pleim, Jon E. Walker, John T. Foley, Kristen M. TI Sensitivity of continental United States atmospheric budgets of oxidized and reduced nitrogen to dry deposition parametrizations SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE atmospheric deposition; nitrogen budget; dry deposition uncertainty ID CMAQ MODELING SYSTEM; CYCLE; EXCHANGE; AMMONIA; PARAMETERIZATION; RESISTANCE; ACCURACY; FLUXES; PAN AB Reactive nitrogen (N-r) is removed by surface fluxes (air-surface exchange) and wet deposition. The chemistry and physics of the atmosphere result in a complicated system in which competing chemical sources and sinks exist and impact that removal. Therefore, uncertainties are best examined with complete regional chemical transport models that simulate these feedbacks. We analysed several uncertainties in regional air quality model resistance analogue representations of air-surface exchange for unidirectional and bi-directional fluxes and their effect on the continental Nr budget. Model sensitivity tests of key parameters in dry deposition formulations showed that uncertainty estimates of continental total nitrogen deposition are surprisingly small, 5 per cent or less, owing to feedbacks in the chemistry and rebalancing among removal pathways. The largest uncertainties (5%) occur with the change from a unidirectional to a bi-directional NH3 formulation followed by uncertainties in bi-directional compensation points (1-4%) and unidirectional aerodynamic resistance (2%). Uncertainties have a greater effect at the local scale. Between unidirectional and bi-directional formulations, single grid cell changes can be up to 50 per cent, whereas 84 per cent of the cells have changes less than 30 per cent. For uncertainties within either formulation, single grid cell change can be up to 20 per cent, but for 90 per cent of the cells changes are less than 10 per cent. C1 [Dennis, Robin L.; Schwede, Donna B.; Bash, Jesse O.; Pleim, Jon E.; Walker, John T.; Foley, Kristen M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Dennis, RL (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM dennis.robin@epa.gov RI Bash, Jesse/E-9688-2013; Walker, John/I-8880-2014; Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/C-1331-2017; OI Walker, John/0000-0001-6034-7514; Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/0000-0001-6190-6082; Bash, Jesse/0000-0001-8736-0102 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX We gratefully acknowledge Rohit Mathur and two anonymous reviewers for their suggestions. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 36 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 35 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8436 J9 PHILOS T R SOC B JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD JUL 5 PY 2013 VL 368 IS 1621 DI 10.1098/rstb.2013.0124 PG 10 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 152AQ UT WOS:000319502100009 ER PT J AU Kahn, HD Stralka, K White, PD AF Kahn, Henry D. Stralka, Kathleen White, Paul D. TI Estimates of Water Ingestion in Formula by Infants and Children Based on USDA's 1994-1996 and 1998 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE water ingestion; baby formula; infants and children; survey data; statistical estimates AB Assessment of risk to infants and children resulting from the ingestion of contaminants in water is an important component of the analysis of possible environmental hazards. Children and infants represent a sensitive life stage because exposure to contaminants in early life can have developmental and long-lasting adverse effects. Children and infants tend to ingest relatively large amounts of water on a bodyweight-adjusted basis, especially those that are fed in early life with formula that is re-constituted or diluted with water. This article presents statistical estimates of the amounts of community water ingested by formula-fed infants based on nationwide sample survey data that support identification of respondents who consume formula and the amounts of water they ingest. Included are specific estimates of the amounts of community water ingested in formula. Estimates of total community water ingestion by children and infants who consume formula can be especially useful in exposure assessment since they represent a highly exposed population. For example, mean community water ingestion by infants 1 to 3 months of age who consume formula is 627mL/day (136mL/kg/day) and the 95th percentile is 1096mL/day (290mL/kg/day). C1 [Kahn, Henry D.; White, Paul D.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20040 USA. [Stralka, Kathleen] US Consumer Prod Safety Commiss, Bethesda, MD USA. RP White, PD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, MC 8623P, Washington, DC 20040 USA. EM white.paul@epa.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1080-7039 EI 1549-7860 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PD JUL 4 PY 2013 VL 19 IS 4 BP 888 EP 899 DI 10.1080/10807039.2012.702009 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 139OQ UT WOS:000318592800005 ER PT J AU Bradham, KD Diamond, GL Scheckel, KG Hughes, MF Casteel, SW Miller, BW Klotzbach, JM Thayer, WC Thomas, DJ AF Bradham, Karen D. Diamond, Gary L. Scheckel, Kirk G. Hughes, Michael F. Casteel, Stan W. Miller, Bradley W. Klotzbach, Julie M. Thayer, William C. Thomas, David J. TI Mouse Assay for Determination of Arsenic Bioavailability in Contaminated Soils SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article ID RELATIVE BIOAVAILABILITY; ORAL BIOAVAILABILITY; RISK-ASSESSMENT; IN-VIVO; BIOACCESSIBILITY; SWINE; LEAD; METABOLITES; ABSORPTION AB A mouse assay for measuring the relative bioavailability (RBA) of arsenic (As) in soil was developed. In this study, results are presented of RBA assays of 16 soils, including multiple assays of the same soils, which provide a quantitative assessment of reproducibility of mouse assay results, as well as a comparison of results from the mouse assay with results from a swine and monkey assay applied to the same test soils. The mouse assay is highly reproducible; three repeated assays on the same soils yielded RBA estimates that ranged from 1 to 3% of the group mean. The mouse, monkey, and swine models yielded similar results for some, but not all, test materials. RBA estimates for identical soils (nine test soils and three standard reference materials [SRM]) assayed in mice and swine were significantly correlated (r = 0.70). Swine RBA estimates for 6 of the 12 test materials were higher than those from the mouse assay. RBA estimates for three standard reference materials (SRM) were not statistically different (mouse/swine ratio ranged from 0.86-1). When four test soils from the same orchard were assessed in the mouse, monkey, and swine assays, the mean soil As RBA were not statistically different. Mouse and swine models predicted similar steady state urinary excretion fractions (UEF) for As of 62 and 74%, respectively, during repeated ingestion doses of sodium arsenate, the water-soluble As form used as the reference in the calculation of RBA. In the mouse assay, the UEF for water soluble As-V (sodium arsenate) and As-III (sodium [meta] arsenite) were 62% and 66%, respectively, suggesting similar absolute bioavailabilities for the two As species. The mouse assay can serve as a highly cost-effective alternative or supplement to monkey and swine assays for improving As risk assessments by providing site-specific assessments of RBA of As in soils. C1 [Bradham, Karen D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Diamond, Gary L.; Klotzbach, Julie M.; Thayer, William C.] SRC Inc, North Syracuse, NY USA. [Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Land Remediat & Pollut Control Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Hughes, Michael F.; Thomas, David J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Casteel, Stan W.] Univ Missouri, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Pathobiol, Columbia, MO USA. [Miller, Bradley W.] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Postdoctoral Program, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Bradham, KD (reprint author), US EPA, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail Drop D205-05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM bradham.karen@epa.gov RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation [GS 00F 0019L] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Portions of this work were funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation, under General Services Administration Contract GS 00F 0019L. The authors gratefully acknowledge advice and assistance from the following people who contributed to the planning and execution of this work: Michele Burgess and James Konz, Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation, Science Policy Branch. The authors appreciate materials provided by Sophia Serda, U.S. EPA Region 9. MRCAT operations are supported by the Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions. The authors appreciate review and comments on the article provided by William Brattin of SRC, Inc. Arsenic RBA estimates from monkey assays were generously provided to the U.S. EPA by Dr. Steve Roberts of University of Florida. NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 EI 1087-2620 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PD JUL 3 PY 2013 VL 76 IS 13 BP 815 EP 826 DI 10.1080/15287394.2013.821395 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 217LA UT WOS:000324359800004 PM 24028666 ER PT J AU Zhang, HC Weber, EJ AF Zhang, Huichun Weber, Eric J. TI Identifying Indicators of Reactivity for Chemical Reductants in Sediments SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; CRYSTALLINE IRON(III) OXIDES; REDUCTIVE TRANSFORMATION; NITROAROMATIC COMPOUNDS; CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; FE-II; ABIOTIC REDUCTION; FE(II); IRON AB To conduct site-specific exposure assessments for contaminants containing reducible functional groups, it is imperative to know the identity and reactivity of chemical reductants in natural sediments and to associate their reactivity with easily measurable sediment properties. For this purpose the reactivity, as defined by pseudofirst order reduction rate constants for p-cyanonitrobenzene (pCNB), was measured in twenty-one natural sediments of different origins that were incubated to attain both anoxic (less reducing) and anaerobic (microbially reducing) conditions. The reactivity of the anoxic sediments increased with pH and an increasing amount of Fe(II) added. A good electron balance between pCNB reduction and Fe(II) consumption was observed for anaerobic sediments of high solids loading (50 g/L), but not when solids loading was 5 g/L. Based on cluster and regression analysis, pCNB reactivity in the anaerobic sediments correlates strongly with aqueous Fe(II) concentrations for sediments with low organic carbon (OC) content (<4.2%), but with dissolved OC concentrations (DOC) for the sediments with high OC content (>6.4%). These observations indicate surface-associated Fe(II) and reduced DOC are the predominant reductants in the anaerobic sediments, and that aqueous Fe(II) and DOC will serve as readily measurable indicators of pCNB reactivity in these systems. C1 [Zhang, Huichun; Weber, Eric J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Zhang, Huichun] Temple Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. RP Weber, EJ (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM weber.eric@epa.gov NR 59 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 35 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 2 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 13 BP 6959 EP 6968 DI 10.1021/es302662r PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 179LI UT WOS:000321521400031 PM 23088410 ER PT J AU Wan, J Yang, YCE Lin, YF Wang, JH AF Wan, Jun Yang, Yi-Chen E. Lin, Yu-Feng Wang, Jihua TI Groundwater Resource Planning to Preserve Streamflow: Where Environmental Amenity Meets Economic Welfare Loss SO JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Stream depletion; Tradeoffs; Spatial planning; Multiobjective optimization; Genetic algorithm ID RESIDENTIAL WATER DEMAND; MANAGEMENT; PRICE; METAANALYSIS; CALIFORNIA AB Streams and their associated biological communities are among our most valuable natural resources. Humans rely on the environmental services provided by streams in a myriad of ways. However, in some areas, excessive groundwater pumping exacerbates the already critical pressure on streamflow and must be managed through effective planning. Based on economic and hydrogeological concepts, this study estimates the quantity of streamflow depletion that is attributable to groundwater pumping and the negative impact on the socioeconomic system if groundwater pumping must be constrained to restore streamflow. The primary objective of this paper is to develop a multiobjective nonlinear optimization model to simulate the tradeoffs between streamflow restoration and economic welfare loss in a Chicago suburban county, McHenry County. The multiobjective optimization was conducted at both county and municipality levels. An evolutionary algorithm, the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm, was used to solve the optimization model and to identify the tradeoff curve (Pareto frontier). Comparing municipal Pareto frontiers shows spatially heterogeneous costs of preserving streamflow through various shadow prices and also the different capacities of restoring streamflow. The results include discussion of the shapes of the Pareto frontier, the sensitivity of the pumping boundary constraints, and return flow coefficients. It is concluded that the multiobjective optimization model provides a useful framework to consider conflicting objectives in a typical environmental management and planning process, and that the findings can help decision-makers and planners to formulate effective groundwater pumping strategies. (C) 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Wan, Jun] Liberty Mutual Insurance, Boston, MA 02116 USA. [Wan, Jun] Univ Illinois, Reg Econ Applicat Lab, Dept Urban & Reg Planning, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Yang, Yi-Chen E.; Wang, Jihua] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Yang, Yi-Chen E.] Univ Illinois, Illinois State Water Survey, Prairie Res Inst, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Lin, Yu-Feng] Univ Illinois, Illinois State Geol Survey, Prairie Res Inst, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Lin, Yu-Feng] Univ Illinois, Illinois State Water Survey, Prairie Res Inst, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Wang, Jihua] US EPA, CB & I, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP Lin, YF (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Illinois State Geol Survey, Prairie Res Inst, 615 E Peabody Dr, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. EM jun.wan@libertymutual.com; yceyang@engin.umass.edu; yflin@illinois.edu; wang.jihua@epa.gov RI Wang, Jihua/H-5185-2016; OI Wang, Jihua/0000-0003-0406-5824; Yang, Y. C. Ethan/0000-0002-7982-7988; Lin, Yu-Feng/0000-0001-6454-0901 NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9496 EI 1943-5452 J9 J WATER RES PL JI J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage.-ASCE PD JUL PY 2013 VL 139 IS 4 BP 440 EP 448 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000269 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 301FK UT WOS:000330518000010 ER PT J AU Kelly, JR Yurista, PM AF Kelly, J. R. Yurista, P. M. TI Development of an integrated assessment of large lakes using towed in situ sensor technologies: Linking nearshore conditions with adjacent watersheds SO AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM HEALTH & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Great Lakes; coastal monitoring ID OPTICAL PLANKTON COUNTER; GREAT-LAKES; LAND-USE; ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS; AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS; CANADIAN NEARSHORE; ONTARIO; ZOOPLANKTON; QUALITY AB Coastal and nearshore regions of most large lakes have not been included in monitoring efforts in a regular, consistent and comprehensive fashion. To address this need, we have been developing a survey approach using towed in situ sensors to provide spatially-extensive mapping of nearshore conditions. Within the last decade, we have applied a strategy of towing along the coastline in all five US/Canadian Laurentian Great Lakes. We have developed confidence in the strategy's ability to assess the entire nearshore region comprehensively and efficiently. This article presents an overview of steps of the development, a selection of representative results, and our continuing evaluation of the approach. Findings to date demonstrate an ability to establish linkages between conditions in the nearshore and adjacent watersheds at a variety of spatial scales, including to the US basin-wide level. Results here highlight two plankton sensors (fluorometer for phytoplankton and [laser] optical plankton counter ([L]OPC)) for zooplankton. Results suggested a strong coherence between plankton parameters and a non-linear relationship of plankton metrics to human development of the landscape across the Great Lakes basin. C1 [Kelly, J. R.; Yurista, P. M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Kelly, JR (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM kelly.johnr@epa.gov FU GLNPO; USEPA FX We are indebted to Sam Miller, who captained a number of surveys and who has helped develop and maintain the instrument and data-stream arrays and performed some of the processing, since the start of this endeavor. Jon Van Alstine also has been a key in the field and in data processing. Matt Starry of SRA International has accomplished most of the GIS processing for us to establish tow tracks along bathymetric contours and to link tracks with adjoining landscape units. We enlisted many from the Mid-Continent Ecology Division of the EPA's Office of Research and Development who ably helped with towing surveys over the past decade, including Jill Scharold, John Morrice, Anne Cotter, Mike Knuth, Greg Peterson, Corlis West, Joel Hoffman, Mike Sierszen, Leroy Anderson, David Bolgrien, David Miller and Mario Picinich, as well as a number of summer students. We thank the EPA's Great Lakes National Program Office (GLNPO), specifically Paul Horvatin and Glenn Warren, for providing the R/V Lake Guardian as a platform for a substantial portion of the similar to 6000 km stretch of Great lakes nearshore waters through which we have now trailed our tethered instrument array. GLNPO also provided funding for data processing and we have a partnership to assist with technology transfer to enable continued Great Lakes nearshore monitoring. Thanks to David Bolgrien and Mary Ann Starus for helpful reviews of the initial draft of this article and to anonymous reviews by the journal referees and its editing staff. This work was funded entirely by the USEPA. Any mention of trademarks or brand names does not imply endorsement by the USEPA. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USEPA. NR 64 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1463-4988 EI 1539-4077 J9 AQUAT ECOSYST HEALTH JI Aquat. Ecosyst. Health Manag. PD JUL 1 PY 2013 VL 16 IS 3 BP 248 EP 266 DI 10.1080/14634988.2013.811381 PG 19 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 272PV UT WOS:000328473600004 ER PT J AU Guo, XF Lee, WH Alvarez, N Shanov, VN Heineman, WR AF Guo, Xuefei Lee, Woo Hyoung Alvarez, Noe Shanov, Vesselin N. Heineman, William R. TI Detection of Trace Zinc by an Electrochemical Microsensor based on Carbon Nanotube Threads SO ELECTROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV); Osteryoung square-wave stripping voltammetry (OSWSV); Carbon nanotube (CNT)-thread microelectrode; Trace zinc detection; Physiological pH ID ANODIC-STRIPPING VOLTAMMETRY; ELECTRODES; MICROELECTRODES; KINETICS; CADMIUM; YARNS; IONS; ZN AB Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted intense interest due to their excellent properties, such as increased electrode surface area, fast electron transfer rate, significant mechanical strength and good chemical stability. CNT threads, spun from shorter CNTs, inherit the advantages of CNTs, while avoiding the potential toxicity caused by individual CNTs. In this work, microelectrodes based on CNT threads were used to detect trace zinc by anodic stripping voltammetry with an estimated detection limit of 1.4nM without mercury or bismuth films. CNT threads showed promise for measuring trace metals in small sample volumes without stirring such as encountered in some in vivo and in vitro applications. C1 [Guo, Xuefei; Heineman, William R.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Lee, Woo Hyoung] US EPA, ORISE, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Alvarez, Noe; Shanov, Vesselin N.] Univ Cincinnati, Smart Mat Nanotechnol Lab, Dept Mech Ind & Nucl Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Heineman, WR (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM William.Heineman@uc.edu RI GUO, XUEFEI/A-2888-2013 OI GUO, XUEFEI/0000-0002-0606-9055 FU National Science Foundation [NSF ERC 0812348]; University of Cincinnati FX The authors thank the National Science Foundation for financial support (NSF ERC 0812348). We also thank the University Research Council Graduate Student Research Fellowship of the University of Cincinnati for financial support. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 18 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1040-0397 EI 1521-4109 J9 ELECTROANAL JI Electroanalysis PD JUL PY 2013 VL 25 IS 7 BP 1599 EP 1604 DI 10.1002/elan.201300074 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA 261JV UT WOS:000327662000006 ER PT J AU Silva, RA West, JJ Zhang, YQ Anenberg, SC Lamarque, JF Shindell, DT Collins, WJ Dalsoren, S Faluvegi, G Folberth, G Horowitz, LW Nagashima, T Naik, V Rumbold, S Skeie, R Sudo, K Takemura, T Bergmann, D Cameron-Smith, P Cionni, I Doherty, RM Eyring, V Josse, B MacKenzie, IA Plummer, D Righi, M Stevenson, DS Strode, S Szopa, S Zeng, G AF Silva, Raquel A. West, J. Jason Zhang, Yuqiang Anenberg, Susan C. Lamarque, Jean-Francois Shindell, Drew T. Collins, William J. Dalsoren, Stig Faluvegi, Greg Folberth, Gerd Horowitz, Larry W. Nagashima, Tatsuya Naik, Vaishali Rumbold, Steven Skeie, Ragnhild Sudo, Kengo Takemura, Toshihiko Bergmann, Daniel Cameron-Smith, Philip Cionni, Irene Doherty, Ruth M. Eyring, Veronika Josse, Beatrice MacKenzie, I. A. Plummer, David Righi, Mattia Stevenson, David S. Strode, Sarah Szopa, Sophie Zeng, Guang TI Global premature mortality due to anthropogenic outdoor air pollution and the contribution of past climate change SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE climate change; air pollution; ozone; particulate matter; human health; premature mortality ID INTERCOMPARISON PROJECT ACCMIP; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; HEALTH IMPACTS; EXPOSURE; PREINDUSTRIAL; SIMULATIONS; DISEASE; BURDEN; EMISSIONS AB Increased concentrations of ozone and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) since preindustrial times reflect increased emissions, but also contributions of past climate change. Here we use modeled concentrations from an ensemble of chemistry-climate models to estimate the global burden of anthropogenic outdoor air pollution on present-day premature human mortality, and the component of that burden attributable to past climate change. Using simulated concentrations for 2000 and 1850 and concentration-response functions (CRFs), we estimate that, at present, 470 000 (95% confidence interval, 140 000 to 900 000) premature respiratory deaths are associated globally and annually with anthropogenic ozone, and 2.1 (1.3 to 3.0) million deaths with anthropogenic PM2.5-related cardiopulmonary diseases (93%) and lung cancer (7%). These estimates are smaller than ones from previous studies because we use modeled 1850 air pollution rather than a counterfactual low concentration, and because of different emissions. Uncertainty in CRFs contributes more to overall uncertainty than the spread of model results. Mortality attributed to the effects of past climate change on air quality is considerably smaller than the global burden: 1500 (-20 000 to 27 000) deaths yr(-1) due to ozone and 2200 (-350 000 to 140 000) due to PM2.5. The small multi-model means are coincidental, as there are larger ranges of results for individual models, reflected in the large uncertainties, with some models suggesting that past climate change has reduced air pollution mortality. C1 [Silva, Raquel A.; West, J. Jason; Zhang, Yuqiang] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Anenberg, Susan C.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20004 USA. [Lamarque, Jean-Francois] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, NCAR Earth Syst Lab, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Shindell, Drew T.; Faluvegi, Greg] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Shindell, Drew T.; Faluvegi, Greg] Columbia Earth Inst, New York, NY USA. [Collins, William J.] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading, Berks, England. [Dalsoren, Stig; Skeie, Ragnhild] Ctr Int Climate & Environm Res Oslo, CICERO, Oslo, Norway. [Folberth, Gerd; Rumbold, Steven] Hadley Ctr Climate Predict, Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. [Horowitz, Larry W.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Nagashima, Tatsuya] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Naik, Vaishali] UCAR NOAA Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Sudo, Kengo] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Environm Studies, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Takemura, Toshihiko] Kyushu Univ, Appl Mech Res Inst, Fukuoka 8168580, Japan. [Bergmann, Daniel; Cameron-Smith, Philip] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Cionni, Irene] Agenzia Nazl Nuove Tecnol Energia & Sviluppo Econ, Bologna, Italy. [Doherty, Ruth M.; MacKenzie, I. A.; Stevenson, David S.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch GeoSci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Eyring, Veronika; Righi, Mattia] Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt DLR, Inst Phys Atmosphare, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany. [Josse, Beatrice] CNRS Ctr Natl Rech Meteorolg, Meteo France, GAME CNRM, Toulouse, France. [Plummer, David] Environm Canada, Canadian Ctr Climate Modeling & Anal, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Strode, Sarah] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Strode, Sarah] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD USA. [Szopa, Sophie] LSCE CEA CNRS UVSQ, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Zeng, Guang] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Lauder, New Zealand. RP West, JJ (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM jjwest@email.unc.edu RI Strode, Sarah/H-2248-2012; U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016; Eyring, Veronika/O-9999-2016; Zhang, Yuqiang/P-2682-2016; Zhang, Yuqiang/C-5027-2015; Shindell, Drew/D-4636-2012; Stevenson, David/C-8089-2012; Horowitz, Larry/D-8048-2014; Bergmann, Daniel/F-9801-2011; Naik, Vaishali/A-4938-2013; Takemura, Toshihiko/C-2822-2009; Collins, William/A-5895-2010; Righi, Mattia/I-5120-2013; Lamarque, Jean-Francois/L-2313-2014; Cameron-Smith, Philip/E-2468-2011; Kyushu, RIAM/F-4018-2015; West, Jason/J-2322-2015; Szopa, Sophie/F-8984-2010 OI Strode, Sarah/0000-0002-8103-1663; Eyring, Veronika/0000-0002-6887-4885; Zhang, Yuqiang/0000-0002-9161-7086; Zhang, Yuqiang/0000-0002-9161-7086; Folberth, Gerd/0000-0002-1075-440X; Skeie, Ragnhild/0000-0003-1246-4446; Righi, Mattia/0000-0003-3827-5950; Stevenson, David/0000-0002-4745-5673; Horowitz, Larry/0000-0002-5886-3314; Bergmann, Daniel/0000-0003-4357-6301; Naik, Vaishali/0000-0002-2254-1700; Takemura, Toshihiko/0000-0002-2859-6067; Collins, William/0000-0002-7419-0850; Lamarque, Jean-Francois/0000-0002-4225-5074; Cameron-Smith, Philip/0000-0002-8802-8627; West, Jason/0000-0001-5652-4987; Szopa, Sophie/0000-0002-8641-1737 FU Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) [SFRH/BD/62759/2009]; International Council for Clean Transportation FX This work was supported by fellowship SFRH/BD/62759/2009 (to RAS) from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), and by the International Council for Clean Transportation. Acknowledgments of funding for the modeling groups participating in ACCMIP can be found in previous publications (e.g., Lamarque et al 2013). NR 33 TC 75 Z9 80 U1 19 U2 140 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-9326 J9 ENVIRON RES LETT JI Environ. Res. Lett. PD JUL-SEP PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR UNSP 034005 DI 10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/034005 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 229FL UT WOS:000325247100011 ER PT J AU Tice, RR Austin, CP Kavlock, RJ Bucher, JR AF Tice, Raymond R. Austin, Christopher P. Kavlock, Robert J. Bucher, John R. TI Improving the Human Hazard Characterization of Chemicals: A Tox21 Update SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Review DE chemical hazard characterization; computational biology; high throughput testing; in vitro models; systems biology; Tox21 ID THROUGHPUT SCREENING DATA; IN-VITRO MODEL; ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY; TOXCAST CHEMICALS; PROTECTION; TOXICOLOGY; PATHWAYS; PROGRAM AB BACKGROUND: In 2008, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Toxicology Program, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's National Center for Computational Toxicology, and the National Human Genome Research Institute/National Institutes of Health Chemical Genomics Center entered into an agreement on "high throughput screening, toxicity pathway profiling, and biological interpretation of findings." In 2010, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) joined the collaboration, known informally as Tox21. OBJECTIVES: The Tox21 partners agreed to develop a vision and devise an implementation strategy to shift the assessment of chemical hazards away from traditional experimental animal toxicology studies to one based on target-specific, mechanism-based, biological observations largely obtained using in vitro assays. DISCUSSION: Here we outline the efforts of the Tox21 partners up to the time the FDA joined the collaboration, describe the approaches taken to develop the science and technologies that are currently being used, assess the current status, and identify problems that could impede further progress as well as suggest approaches to address those problems. CONCLUSION: Tox21 faces some very difficult issues. However, we are making progress in integrating data from diverse technologies and end points into what is effectively a systems-biology approach to toxicology. This can be accomplished only when comprehensive knowledge is obtained with broad coverage of chemical and biological/toxicological space. The efforts thus far reflect the initial stage of an exceedingly complicated program, one that will likely take decades to fully achieve its goals. However, even at this stage, the information obtained has attracted the attention of the international scientific community, and we believe these efforts foretell the future of toxicology. C1 [Tice, Raymond R.; Bucher, John R.] NIEHS, Div Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Austin, Christopher P.] NIH, Natl Ctr Adv Translat Sci, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Kavlock, Robert J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Tice, RR (reprint author), NIEHS, Biomol Screening Branch, Div Natl Toxicol Program, Mail Code K2-17,POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM tice@niehs.nih.gov NR 65 TC 112 Z9 118 U1 12 U2 78 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 121 IS 7 BP 756 EP 765 DI 10.1289/ehp.1205784 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 208VY UT WOS:000323711000013 PM 23603828 ER PT J AU Taylor, KW Novak, RF Anderson, HA Birnbaum, LS Blystone, C DeVito, M Jacobs, D Kohrle, J Lee, DH Rylander, L Rignell-Hydbom, A Tornero-Velez, R Turyk, ME Boyles, AL Thayer, KA Lind, L AF Taylor, Kyla W. Novak, Raymond F. Anderson, Henry A. Birnbaum, Linda S. Blystone, Chad DeVito, Michael Jacobs, David Koehrle, Josef Lee, Duk-Hee Rylander, Lars Rignell-Hydbom, Anna Tornero-Velez, Rogelio Turyk, Mary E. Boyles, Abee L. Thayer, Kristina A. Lind, Lars TI Evaluation of the Association between Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) and Diabetes in Epidemiological Studies: A National Toxicology Program Workshop Review SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Review DE chemically induced; diabetes; environment; epidemiology; glucose; hormone; insulin; metabolic syndrome; obesity; persistent organic pollutants; pollution; toxicology ID OPERATION RANCH HAND; 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-PARA-DIOXIN (TCDD)-TREATED RATS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS; STIMULATED INSULIN-SECRETION; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; BROWN ADIPOSE-TISSUE; AIR-POLLUTION; SERUM CONCENTRATIONS; GLUCOSE-HOMEOSTASIS; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES AB BACKGROUND: Diabetes is a major threat to public health in the United States and worldwide. Understanding the role of environmental chemicals in the development or progression of diabetes is an emerging issue in environmental health. OBJECTIVE: We assessed the epidemiologic literature for evidence of associations between persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and type 2 diabetes. METHODS: Using a PubMed search and reference lists from relevant studies or review articles, we identified 72 epidemiological studies that investigated associations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) with diabetes. We evaluated these studies for consistency, strengths and weaknesses of study design (including power and statistical methods), clinical diagnosis, exposure assessment, study population characteristics, and identification of data gaps and areas for future research. CONCLUSIONS: Heterogeneity of the studies precluded conducting a meta-analysis, but the overall evidence is sufficient for a positive association of some organochlorine POPs with type 2 diabetes. Collectively, these data are not sufficient to establish causality. Initial data mining revealed that the strongest positive correlation of diabetes with POPs occurred with organochlorine compounds, such as trans-nonachlor, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and dioxins and dioxin-like chemicals. There is less indication of an association between other nonorganochlorine POPs, such as perfluoroalkyl acids and brominated compounds, and type 2 diabetes. Experimental data are needed to confirm the causality of these POPs, which will shed new light on the pathogenesis of diabetes. This new information should be considered by governmental bodies involved in the regulation of environmental contaminants. C1 [Taylor, Kyla W.; Boyles, Abee L.; Thayer, Kristina A.] NIEHS, Off Hlth Assessment & Translat, Div Natl Toxicol Program, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Novak, Raymond F.] Shriners Hosp Children Int, Tampa, FL USA. [Anderson, Henry A.] Bur Environm Hlth, Wisconsin Div Publ Hlth, Madison, WI USA. [Birnbaum, Linda S.] NIEHS, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Blystone, Chad; DeVito, Michael] NIEHS, Toxicol Branch, Div Natl Toxicol Program, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Jacobs, David] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Koehrle, Josef] Humboldt Univ, Charite Univ Med, Inst Expt Endocrinol, D-10099 Berlin, Germany. [Lee, Duk-Hee] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Med, Dept Preventat Med, Taegu, South Korea. [Rylander, Lars; Rignell-Hydbom, Anna] Lund Univ, Div Occupat & Environm Med, Lund, Sweden. [Tornero-Velez, Rogelio] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Turyk, Mary E.] Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Chicago, IL USA. [Lind, Lars] Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Sci, Uppsala, Sweden. RP Taylor, KW (reprint author), NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, POB 12233,MD K2-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM taylorkw@niehs.nih.gov RI Tuomisto, Jouko/J-7450-2012; OI Boyles, Abee/0000-0002-8711-2077; Kohrle, Josef/0000-0002-9187-9078 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)/National Toxicology Program (NTP); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); Food and Drug Administration National Center for Toxicological Research FX This review is based on deliberations that occurred at an 11-13 January 2011 workshop sponsored by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)/National Toxicology Program (NTP), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the Food and Drug Administration National Center for Toxicological Research (http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/go/36433). NR 102 TC 81 Z9 84 U1 10 U2 148 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 121 IS 7 BP 774 EP 783 DI 10.1289/ehp.1205502 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 208VY UT WOS:000323711000015 PM 23651634 ER PT J AU Nelson, MT LaBudde, RA Tomasino, SF Pines, RM AF Nelson, Maria T. LaBudde, Robert A. Tomasino, Stephen F. Pines, Rebecca M. TI Comparison of 3M (TM) Petrifilm (TM) Aerobic Count Plates to Standard Plating Methodology for Use with AOAC Antimicrobial Efficacy Methods 955.14, 955.15, 964.02, and 966.04 as an Alternative Enumeration Procedure: Collaborative Study SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB A multilaboratory study was conducted to determine the equivalence of the 3M (TM) Petrifilm (TM) Aerobic Count Plate and standard plating methodology for measuring viable bacteria and spores recovered from hard-surface carriers (stainless steel and porcelain), also known as "control carrier counts," used in AOAC antimicrobial efficacy test methods. Six laboratories participated in the study in which carriers inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica, and spores of Bacillus subtilis were evaluated using 3M Petrifilm Aerobic Count (AC) plates and standard plating side-by-side. The data were analyzed using a matched-pair t-test to determine the between-method effect with confidence intervals. For all test organisms pooled across all laboratories, the mean difference in log(10) concentration between the standard plate count method and 3M Petrifilm AC Plates was -0.012, with a 95% confidence interval of (-0.090, +0.066), which was well within the -0.5, +0.5 interval established as the acceptance criterion. The between-carrier SD averaged 0.139; the between-replicate SD was 0.050. The carrier reproducibility, given that a single replicate per carrier is done, was estimated to be 0.148. Although differences were seen in the final concentrations of the test organisms among laboratories, there were no statistical differences between the enumeration methods. Based on the results from this study, 3M Petrifilm AC Plates are equivalent to standard plating methodology and can be used as an alternative procedure for the enumeration of test organisms used in AOAC Methods 955.14, 955.15, 964.02, and 966.04. C1 [Nelson, Maria T.] AOAC Int, Gaithersburg, MD 20877 USA. [LaBudde, Robert A.] Least Cost Formulat Ltd, Virginia Beach, VA 23464 USA. [Tomasino, Stephen F.; Pines, Rebecca M.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Biol & Econ Anal Div, Microbiol Lab Branch,Environm Sci Ctr, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. RP Nelson, MT (reprint author), AOAC Int, 481 N Frederick Ave,Suite 500, Gaithersburg, MD 20877 USA. EM mnelson@aoac.org NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU AOAC INT PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 N FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 96 IS 4 BP 717 EP 722 DI 10.5740/jaoacint.12-469 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 198QG UT WOS:000322936800004 PM 24000742 ER PT J AU Hebbalalu, D Lalley, J Nadagouda, MN Varma, RS AF Hebbalalu, Deepika Lalley, Jacob Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N. Varma, Rajender S. TI Greener Techniques for the Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Plant Extracts, Enzymes, Bacteria, Biodegradable Polymers, and Microwaves SO ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Ag nanoparticles; Sustainable synthesis; Biomimetic processes; Microwaves ID ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; NANO-COMPOSITE; AG; PARTICLES; SINENSIS; POLYMERIZATION; NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOMATERIALS AB The use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is gaining in popularity due to silvers antibacterial properties. Conventional methods for AgNP synthesis require dangerous chemicals and large quantities of energy (heat) and can result in formation of hazardous byproducts. This article summarizes recent activity in this general area where environmentally friendly synthetic techniques are currently being explored for the synthesis of "reener" AgNPs including the use of plant extracts, biodegradable polymers, and enzymes/bacteria and alternative energy input systems, such as microwave irradiation. Microwave heating enables efficient formation of nanostructures of uniform small sizes in shorter reaction times with reduced energy consumption; preventing agglomeration of ensuing nanoparticles is an additional attribute. C1 [Hebbalalu, Deepika; Lalley, Jacob; Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N.] US EPA, WSWRD, TTEB, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Nadagouda, MN (reprint author), US EPA, WSWRD, TTEB, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 West MLK Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Nadagouda.Mallikarjuna@epa.gov; Varma.Rajender@epa.gov NR 70 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 7 U2 84 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2168-0485 J9 ACS SUSTAIN CHEM ENG JI ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 1 IS 7 BP 703 EP 712 DI 10.1021/sc4000362 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering GA 178UF UT WOS:000321472200003 ER PT J AU Baruwati, B Simmons, SO Varma, RS Veronesi, B AF Baruwati, Babita Simmons, Steven O. Varma, Rajendar S. Veronesi, Bellina TI "Green" Synthesized and Coated Nanosilver Alters the Membrane Permeability of Barrier (Intestinal, Brain Endothelial) Cells and Stimulates Oxidative Stress Pathways in Neurons SO ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE "Green" chemistry; Biological barriers; Nanosilver; Surface coating; Surface modification; TER; Oxidative stress; Nanoparticle permeability ID P-GLYCOPROTEIN EXPRESSION; RECEPTOR-MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; IN-VITRO; TEA CATECHINS; DRUG-PERMEABILITY; SURFACE-CHARGE; RAT; CACO-2; TRANSPORT AB Nanosilvers (nanoAg) use in medical applications and consumer products is increasing. Because of this, its green synthesis and surface modification with beneficial coatings are desirable. Given nanoAgs potential exposure routes (e.g., dermal, intestinal, pulmonary), questions on its potential to move through these port of entry barriers and enter the bodys circulatory system remain unanswered. In view of nanoAgs free radical activity and the brains sensitivity to oxidative stress damage, the possibility that nanoAg particles can move from the systemic circulation, transport through the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and pose a neurotoxic threat is also a legitimate concern. Because of these issues, this study addresses an initial event of barrier transport, that is, if "green" synthesized nanoAg, coated with green tea polyphenols (GT) or glutathione (GSH), can alter the permeability of human intestinal epithelial (Caco-2) or rat brain endothelial (RBEC4) barrier cells. Additionally, it asks if such green synthesized nanoAg modifies its toxicity to oxidative stress-sensitive cultured neurons (N27). Physicochemical (PC) characterization of conventionally synthesized nanoAg and green synthesized nanoAg-GT or nanoAg-GSH indicated that all samples aggregated (>5002500 nm) when suspended in cell culture exposure media. NanoAg-GSH showed the least electronegative zeta potential and largest aggregate size in both Caco-2 and RBEC4 exposure media, relative to conventional nanoAg. Transcellular resistance measures indicated that within 15 min of exposure to 6.5 ppm, both conventional and nanoAg-GSH altered the permeability of intestinal Caco-2 monolayers, and all nanoAg treatments altered the permeability of RBEC4 brain endothelial cells. To examine if a differential toxicity existed in the response of oxidative stress-sensitive neurons, a noncytotoxic (1.0 ppm) concentration of each nanoAg material was exposed (18 h) to rat dopaminergic neurons (N27), transfected with a NF kappa beta reporter gene. Results indicated that all nanoAg samples significantly stimulated this oxidative stress pathway in the N27 neuron. Together, these data suggest that both conventional and green synthesized coated nanoAg alter the permeability of barrier cell membranes and activate oxidative stress pathways in target neurons, equivocally. C1 [Baruwati, Babita; Varma, Rajendar S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Simmons, Steven O.; Veronesi, Bellina] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Veronesi, B (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 109 Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM veronesi.bellina@epa.gov OI Simmons, Steven/0000-0001-9079-1069 FU Student Services Contract [EP08D000761, EP10D000651] FX Acknowledgements are given to contractors Nour Nazo and Shad Mosher (Student Services Contracts EP08D000761 and EP10D000651) for their technical support and Molly Windsor of SRA International, Inc. for her graphics and excellent illustration. NR 76 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 47 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2168-0485 J9 ACS SUSTAIN CHEM ENG JI ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 1 IS 7 BP 753 EP 759 DI 10.1021/sc400024a PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering GA 178UF UT WOS:000321472200009 ER PT J AU Baig, RBN Varma, RS AF Baig, R. B. Nasir Varma, Rajender S. TI Magnetic Silica-Supported Ruthenium Nanoparticles: An Efficient Catalyst for Transfer Hydrogenation of Carbonyl Compounds SO ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Green synthesis; Magnetic silica; Ruthenium nanoparticles; Transfer hydrogenation; Microwave irradiation ID ASYMMETRIC TRANSFER HYDROGENATION; MEERWEIN-PONNDORF-VERLEY; ASSISTED ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS; CHEMOSELECTIVE REDUCTION; AQUEOUS-MEDIUM; KETONES; MICROWAVE; ZEOLITE; BETA; NANOCATALYSTS AB A one-pot synthesis of ruthenium nanoparticles on magnetic silica is described, which involves in situ generation of magnetic silica (Fe3O4@ SiO2) and ruthenium nanoparticle immobilization. The transfer hydrogenation of carbonyl compounds occurs in high yield along with excellent selectivity using this catalyst under microwave irradiation conditions. C1 [Baig, R. B. Nasir; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Varma.Rajender@epa.gov FU Postgraduate Research Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory FX R.B. Nasir Baig was supported by the Postgraduate Research Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency NR 37 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 53 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2168-0485 J9 ACS SUSTAIN CHEM ENG JI ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 1 IS 7 BP 805 EP 809 DI 10.1021/sc400032k PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering GA 178UF UT WOS:000321472200014 ER PT J AU Kou, JH Bennett-Stamper, C Varma, RS AF Kou, Jiahui Bennett-Stamper, Christina Varma, Rajender S. TI Green Synthesis of Noble Nanometals (Au, Pt, Pd) Using Glycerol under Microwave Irradiation Conditions SO ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Glycerol; Green synthesis; Noble metal; Microwave; Polyol processes ID POLYOL SYNTHESIS; ASSISTED SYNTHESIS; SILVER NANOWIRES; NANOPARTICLES; NANOCRYSTALS; GROWTH AB A newer application of glycerol in the field of nanomaterials synthesis has been developed from both the economic and environmental points of view. Glycerol can act as a reducing agent for the fabrication of noble nanometals, such as Au, Pt, and Pd, under microwave irradiation. Their shapes can be changed by adding different surfactants. In the presence of CTAB, Au nanosheets were formed within 2 min where the size of Au nanosheets can be controlled by the microwave irradiation time and glycerol content. C1 [Kou, Jiahui; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Bennett-Stamper, Christina] US EPA, Water Supply Water Resources Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Kou, JH (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM koujiahui@gmail.com; Varma.Rajender@epa.gov NR 33 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 5 U2 56 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2168-0485 J9 ACS SUSTAIN CHEM ENG JI ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 1 IS 7 BP 810 EP 816 DI 10.1021/sc400007p PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering GA 178UF UT WOS:000321472200015 ER PT J AU Hu, M Zhang, TC Stansbury, J Neal, J Garboczi, EJ AF Hu, Meng Zhang, Tian C. Stansbury, John Neal, Jill Garboczi, Edward J. TI Determination of Porosity and Thickness of Biofilm Attached on Irregular-Shaped Media SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Biofilm; Porosity; Measurement; Thickness; Biofilm; Density; Porosity; Thickness; Measurement method ID WASTE-WATER; SUBSTRATE; PARTICLES; DENSITY; SYSTEMS; GROWTH AB Biofilm density, porosity, and thickness are biofilm architecture properties that are important but often difficult to measure. In this study, wet and dry biofilm densities and biofilm porosity in shredded tire biofilters were measured using a volumetric displacement method and a new porosity equation. Methods for determining the surface area and mean thickness of biofilms attached to shredded tires were developed on the basis of the box- and ellipsoid-shape models with the data of (1)the volume calculated from the measured weight of the filter medium () or (2)the three longest lines of the filter medium measured with a digital caliper. As a benchmark, the surface area of the shredded tire particles were calculated from X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning and compared to, and linearly correlated with, the results from the models. The ellipsoid-shape model with the modified length-width-depth data and was determined to be the best model to compute the surface area and biofilm thickness. The method of biofilm thickness measurement may be applicable in attached growth systems packed with other irregular-shaped media. (C) 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Hu, Meng] Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hu, Meng; Zhang, Tian C.; Stansbury, John] Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. [Neal, Jill] US EPA, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Garboczi, Edward J.] NIST, Mat & Struct Syst Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Hu, M (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM mhu@umd.edu; tzhang@unomaha.edu; jstansbury@unl.edu; neal.jill@epa.gov; Edward.garboczi@nist.gov FU University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Nebraska Center for Energy Sciences Research; USEPA Project Advanced Decentralized Water/Energy Network Design for Sustainable Infrastructure (EPA) [CR-83419301]; NIST Project Innovative Measurement Science for Shape Metrology FX The authors would like to thank the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, especially the Nebraska Center for Energy Sciences Research for funding the study, along with the USEPA Project Advanced Decentralized Water/Energy Network Design for Sustainable Infrastructure (EPA #: CR-83419301) and the NIST Project Innovative Measurement Science for Shape Metrology. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 27 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD JUL 1 PY 2013 VL 139 IS 7 BP 923 EP 931 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000699 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 193DF UT WOS:000322537100001 ER PT J AU Rotroff, DM Dix, DJ Houck, KA Kavlock, RJ Knudsen, TB Martin, MT Reif, DM Richard, AM Sipes, NS Abassi, YA Jin, C Stampfl, M Judson, RS AF Rotroff, Daniel M. Dix, David J. Houck, Keith A. Kavlock, Robert J. Knudsen, Thomas B. Martin, Matthew T. Reif, David M. Richard, Ann M. Sipes, Nisha S. Abassi, Yama A. Jin, Can Stampfl, Melinda Judson, Richard S. TI Real-Time Growth Kinetics Measuring Hormone Mimicry for ToxCast Chemicals in T-47D Human Ductal Carcinoma Cells SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BREAST-CANCER CELLS; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR-BETA; CYCLIN D1; PROGESTERONE-RECEPTOR; GENE-TRANSCRIPTION; DISEASE OUTCOMES; END-POINTS; PROLIFERATION; ACTIVATION; INHIBITION AB High-throughput screening (HTS) assays capable of profiling thousands of environmentally relevant chemicals for in vitro biological activity provide useful information on the potential for disrupting endocrine pathways. Disruption of the estrogen signaling pathway has been implicated in a variety of adverse health effects including impaired development, reproduction, and carcinogenesis. The estrogen-responsive human mammary ductal carcinoma cell line T-47D was exposed to 1815 ToxCast chemicals comprising pesticides, industrial chemicals, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, cosmetics, food ingredients, and other chemicals with known or suspected human exposure potential. Cell growth kinetics were evaluated using real-time cell electronic sensing. T-47D cells were exposed to eight concentrations (0.006-100 mu M), and measurements of cellular impedance were repeatedly recorded for 105 h. Chemical effects were evaluated based on potency (concentration at which response occurs) and efficacy (extent of response). A linear growth response was observed in response to prototypical estrogen receptor agonists (17 beta-estradiol, genistein, bisphenol A, nonylphenol, and 4-tert-octylphenol). Several compounds, including bisphenol A and genistein, induced cell growth comparable in efficacy to that of 17 beta-estradiol, but with decreased potency. Progestins, androgens, and corticosteroids invoked a biphasic growth response indicative of changes in cell number or cell morphology. Results from this cell growth assay were compared with results from additional estrogen receptor (ER) binding and transactivation assays. Chemicals detected as active in both the cell growth and ER receptor binding assays demonstrated potencies highly correlated with two ER transactivation assays (r = 0.72; r = 0.70). While ER binding assays detected chemicals that were highly potent or efficacious in the T-47D cell growth and transactivation assays, the binding assays lacked sensitivity in detecting weakly active compounds. In conclusion, this cell-based assay rapidly detects chemical effects on T-47D growth and shows potential, in combination with other HTS assays, to detect environmentally relevant chemicals with potential estrogenic activity. C1 [Rotroff, Daniel M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. [Rotroff, Daniel M.; Dix, David J.; Houck, Keith A.; Kavlock, Robert J.; Knudsen, Thomas B.; Martin, Matthew T.; Reif, David M.; Richard, Ann M.; Sipes, Nisha S.; Judson, Richard S.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Abassi, Yama A.; Jin, Can; Stampfl, Melinda] ACEA Biosci Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Judson, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr B205-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM judson.richard@epa.gov OI Judson, Richard/0000-0002-2348-9633; Reif, David/0000-0001-7815-6767 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX All funding was provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 57 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 29 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X EI 1520-5010 J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 26 IS 7 BP 1097 EP 1107 DI 10.1021/tx400117y PG 11 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA 187AD UT WOS:000322086800015 PM 23682706 ER PT J AU Bushnell, PJ AF Bushnell, Philip J. TI Solvents, Ethanol, Car Crashes & Tolerance How risky is inhalation of organic solvents? SO AMERICAN SCIENTIST LA English DT Article ID BEHAVIORAL TOLERANCE; INHALED TOLUENE; RATS; EXPOSURE; HUMANS; AGE C1 US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Bushnell, PJ (reprint author), US EPA, 109 TW Alexander Dr,B105-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU SIGMA XI-SCI RES SOC PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA PO BOX 13975, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA SN 0003-0996 J9 AM SCI JI Am. Scientist PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 101 IS 4 BP 282 EP 291 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 167OJ UT WOS:000320641000016 ER PT J AU Saha-Chaudhuri, P Weinberg, CR AF Saha-Chaudhuri, Paramita Weinberg, Clarice R. TI Specimen Pooling for Efficient Use of Biospecimens in Studies of Time to a Common Event SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE discrete event time outcome; pooling; pooling for biomarker; pooling for exposure; time to pregnancy ID POOLED EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT; ASSESSMENTS; ASSOCIATION; POPULATION; BIOMARKERS; SERUM AB For case-control studies that rely on expensive assays for biomarkers, specimen pooling offers a cost-effective and efficient way to estimate individual-level odds ratios. Pooling helps to conserve irreplaceable biospecimens for the future, mitigates limit-of-detection problems, and enables inclusion of individuals who have limited available volumes of biospecimen. Pooling can also allow the study of a panel of biomarkers under a fixed assay budget. Here, we extend this method for application to discrete-time survival studies. Assuming a proportional odds logistic model for risk of a common outcome, we propose a design strategy that forms pooling sets within those experiencing the outcome at the same event time. We show that the proposed design enables a cost-effective analysis to assess the association of a biomarker with the outcome. Because the standard likelihood is slightly misspecified for the proposed pooling strategy under a nonnull biomarker effect, the proposed approach produces slightly biased estimates of exposure odds ratios. We explore the extent of this bias via simulations and illustrate the method by revisiting a data set relating polychlorinated biphenyls and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene to time to pregnancy. C1 [Saha-Chaudhuri, Paramita] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Weinberg, Clarice R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Saha-Chaudhuri, P (reprint author), Duke Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Hock Plaza,2424 Erwin Rd,Suite 1104,Room 11109,Bo, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM paramita.sahachaudhuri@duke.edu OI Saha Chaudhuri, Paramita/0000-0003-1987-320X FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health [ES040006-14] FX This research was supported, in part, by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (project ES040006-14). NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUL 1 PY 2013 VL 178 IS 1 BP 126 EP 135 DI 10.1093/aje/kws442 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 178LL UT WOS:000321449400012 PM 23821316 ER PT J AU Houlton, BZ Boyer, E Finzi, AC Galloway, J Leach, A Liptzin, D Melillo, J Rosenstock, TS Sobota, D Townsend, AR AF Houlton, Benjamin Z. Boyer, Elizabeth Finzi, Adrien C. Galloway, James Leach, Allison Liptzin, Daniel Melillo, Jerry Rosenstock, Todd S. Sobota, Dan Townsend, Alan R. TI Intentional versus unintentional nitrogen use in the United States: trends, efficiency and implications SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Nitrogen; Climate; Efficiency; United States; Carbon; Phosphorus; Economics ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; TERRESTRIAL BIOSPHERE; CARBON STORAGE; CYCLE; EUTROPHICATION; ECOSYSTEMS; PHOSPHORUS; MANAGEMENT; DEPOSITION; DENITRIFICATION AB Human actions have both intentionally and unintentionally altered the global economy of nitrogen (N), with both positive and negative consequences for human health and welfare, the environment and climate change. Here we examine long-term trends in reactive N (Nr) creation and efficiencies of Nr use within the continental US. We estimate that human actions in the US have increased Nr inputs by at least similar to 5 times compared to pre-industrial conditions. Whereas N-2 fixation as a by-product of fossil fuel combustion accounted for similar to 1/4 of Nr inputs from the 1970s to 2000 (or similar to 7 Tg N year(-1)), this value has dropped substantially since then (to < 5 Tg N year(-1)), owing to Clean Air Act amendments. As of 2007, national N use efficiency (NUE) of all combined N inputs was equal to similar to 40 %. This value increases to 55 % when considering intentional N inputs alone, with food, industrial goods, fuel and fiber production accounting for the largest Nr sinks, respectively. We estimate that 66 % of the N lost during the production of goods and services enters the air (as NO (x) , NH3, N2O and N-2), with the remaining 34 % lost to various waterways. These Nr losses contribute to smog formation, acid rain, eutrophication, biodiversity declines and climate change. Hence we argue that an improved national NUE would: (i) benefit the US economy on the production side; (ii) reduce social damage costs; and (iii) help avoid some major climate change risks in the future. C1 [Houlton, Benjamin Z.; Liptzin, Daniel] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Boyer, Elizabeth] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Finzi, Adrien C.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Galloway, James; Leach, Allison] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Melillo, Jerry] Marine Biol Lab, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Rosenstock, Todd S.] World Agroforestry Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. [Sobota, Dan] US EPA, Natl Res Council, Corvallis, OR USA. [Townsend, Alan R.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Houlton, BZ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM bzhoulton@ucdavis.edu RI Finzi, Adrien/A-7017-2016; OI Finzi, Adrien/0000-0003-2220-4533; Galloway, James/0000-0001-7676-8698 FU NSF Research Coordination Network [DEB-0443439, DEB-1049744]; David and Lucille Packard Foundation FX This work resulted from a workshop supported by NSF Research Coordination Network Awards DEB-0443439 and DEB-1049744 and by the David and Lucille Packard Foundation. NR 68 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 7 U2 76 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD JUL PY 2013 VL 114 IS 1-3 BP 11 EP 23 DI 10.1007/s10533-012-9801-5 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 168PO UT WOS:000320718200002 ER PT J AU Pinder, RW Bettez, ND Bonan, GB Greaver, TL Wieder, WR Schlesinger, WH Davidson, EA AF Pinder, Robert W. Bettez, Neil D. Bonan, Gordon B. Greaver, Tara L. Wieder, William R. Schlesinger, William H. Davidson, Eric A. TI Impacts of human alteration of the nitrogen cycle in the US on radiative forcing SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Reactive nitrogen; Carbon cycle; Atmospheric chemistry ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; ELEVATED N INPUTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CARBON-CYCLE; NOX EMISSIONS; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; LITTER DECOMPOSITION; UNITED-STATES; FOREST SOIL AB Nitrogen cycling processes affect radiative forcing directly through emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) and indirectly because emissions of nitrogen oxide and ammonia (NH3) affect atmospheric concentrations of methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), water vapor (H2O), ozone (O-3) and aerosols. The emissions of N2O are mostly from agriculture and they contribute to warming on both short and long time scales. The effects of and NH3 on CH4, O-3, and aerosols are complex, and quantification of these effects is difficult. However, the net result on time scales of decades is likely one of cooling, which becomes less significant on longer time scales. Deposition of N onto ecosystems also affects sources and sinks of N2O, CH4, and CO2, but the dominant effect is changes in carbon (C) stocks. Primary productivity in most temperate ecosystems is limited by N, so inputs from atmospheric deposition tend to stimulate plant growth and plant litter production, leading in some cases to significant C sequestration in biomass and soils. The literature reviewed here indicates a range of estimates spanning 20-70 kg C sequestered per kg N deposited in forests, which are the dominant C sinks. Most of the sequestration occurs in aboveground forest biomass, with less consistency and lower rates reported for C sequestration in soils. The permanency of the forest biomass sink is uncertain, but data for the fate of forest products in the US indicate that only a small fraction of enhanced forest biomass C is sequestered in long-term harvest products or in unmanaged forests. The net effect of all of these N cycle processes on radiative forcing in the US is probably a modest cooling effect for a 20-year time frame, although the uncertainty of this estimate includes zero net effect, and a modest warming for a 100-year time frame. We know that N-cycling processes are important and that biotic feedbacks to climate change are unlikely to be properly modeled or assessed without including C-N interactions. However, due to the complexity of biological processes involving C-N-climate interactions, biogeochemical models are still poorly constrained with respect to ecosystem responses to impacts of N deposition and climate change. Only recently have N-cycling processes been incorporated into Earth system models for C-N interactions. The robustness of these models remains to be demonstrated. Much work remains for improving their representation in models used to simulate climate forcing scenarios. C1 [Pinder, Robert W.; Greaver, Tara L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Durham, NC 27711 USA. [Bettez, Neil D.; Schlesinger, William H.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [Bonan, Gordon B.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Wieder, William R.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Davidson, Eric A.] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA. RP Pinder, RW (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Durham, NC 27711 USA. EM pinder.rob@epa.gov; bettezn@caryinstitute.org; bonan@ucar.edu; greaver.tara@epa.gov; wwieder@ucar.edu; schlesingerw@caryinstitute.org; edavidson@whrc.org RI Pinder, Robert/F-8252-2011; Davidson, Eric/K-4984-2013; Bettez, Neil/I-5672-2012; OI Pinder, Robert/0000-0001-6390-7126; Davidson, Eric/0000-0002-8525-8697; Bettez, Neil/0000-0002-6859-8083; WIEDER, WILLIAM/0000-0001-7116-1985 FU NSF Research Coordination Network [DEB-0443439, DEB-1049744]; David and Lucille Packard Foundation FX We thank several anonymous reviewers whose comments improved the quality of this manuscript. This work resulted from a workshop supported by NSF Research Coordination Network awards DEB-0443439 and DEB-1049744 and by the David and Lucille Packard Foundation. NR 122 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 87 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 EI 1573-515X J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD JUL PY 2013 VL 114 IS 1-3 BP 25 EP 40 DI 10.1007/s10533-012-9787-z PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 168PO UT WOS:000320718200003 ER PT J AU Porter, EM Bowman, WD Clark, CM Compton, JE Pardo, LH Soong, JL AF Porter, Ellen M. Bowman, William D. Clark, Christopher M. Compton, Jana E. Pardo, Linda H. Soong, Jenny L. TI Interactive effects of anthropogenic nitrogen enrichment and climate change on terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Reactive nitrogen; Biodiversity ID GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGES; ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; CHRONIC N FERTILIZATION; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; LOUISIANA SALT-MARSH; ELEVATED CO2; PLANT DIVERSITY; SPECIES RICHNESS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA AB Biodiversity has been described as the diversity of life on earth within species, among species, and among ecosystems. The rate of biodiversity loss due to human activity in the last 50 years has been more rapid than at any other time in human history, and many of the drivers of biodiversity loss are increasing, including habitat loss, overexploitation, invasive species, climate change, and pollution, including pollution from reactive nitrogen (Nr). Of these stressors, climate change and Nr from anthropogenic activities are causing some of the most rapid changes. Climate change is causing warming trends that result in poleward and elevational range shifts of flora and fauna, and changes in phenology, particularly the earlier onset of spring events and migration, and lengthening of the growing season. Nitrogen (N) enrichment can enhance plant growth, but has been shown to favor, fast-growing, sometimes invasive, species over native species adapted to low N conditions. Although there have been only a few controlled studies on climate change and N interactions, inferences can be drawn from various field observations. For example, in arid ecosystems of southern California, elevated N deposition and changing precipitation patterns have promoted the conversion of native shrub communities to communities dominated by annual non-native grasses. Both empirical studies and modeling indicate that N and climate change can interact to drive losses in biodiversity greater than those caused by either stressor alone. Reducing inputs of anthropogenic Nr may be an effective mitigation strategy for protecting biodiversity in the face of climate change. C1 [Porter, Ellen M.] Natl Pk Serv, Air Resources Div, Denver, CO USA. [Bowman, William D.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Clark, Christopher M.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Compton, Jana E.] US EPA, Corvallis, OR USA. [Pardo, Linda H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Burlington, VT USA. [Soong, Jenny L.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Porter, EM (reprint author), Natl Pk Serv, Air Resources Div, Denver, CO USA. EM ellen_porter@nps.gov FU NSF Research Coordination Network [DEB-0443439, DEB-1049744]; David and Lucille Packard Foundation FX Many thanks to Eric Davidson and Emma Suddick for their assistance and help with planning and preparing this manuscript. Thanks to Nancy Dise, Edith Allen, and Rich Pouyat for providing thoughtful and helpful reviews of an older draft. This work resulted from a workshop supported by NSF Research Coordination Network awards DEB-0443439 and DEB-1049744 and by the David and Lucille Packard Foundation. NR 209 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 8 U2 185 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 EI 1573-515X J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD JUL PY 2013 VL 114 IS 1-3 BP 93 EP 120 DI 10.1007/s10533-012-9803-3 PG 28 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 168PO UT WOS:000320718200006 ER PT J AU Peel, JL Haeuber, R Garcia, V Russell, AG Neas, L AF Peel, Jennifer L. Haeuber, Richard Garcia, Valerie Russell, Armistead G. Neas, Lucas TI Impact of nitrogen and climate change interactions on ambient air pollution and human health SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Nitrogen oxides; Ozone; Air pollution; Human health ID WILDFIRE SMOKE EXPOSURE; UNITED-STATES; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; WILDLAND FIREFIGHTERS; HEAT-WAVE; QUALITY; OZONE; US; TEMPERATURE; MORTALITY AB Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are important components of ambient and indoor air pollution and are emitted from a range of combustion sources, including on-road mobile sources, electric power generators, and non-road mobile sources. While anthropogenic sources dominate, NOx is also formed by lightning strikes and wildland fires and is also emitted by soil. Reduced nitrogen (e.g., ammonia, NH3) is also emitted by various sources, including fertilizer application and animal waste decomposition. Nitrogen oxides, ozone (O-3) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution related to atmospheric emissions of nitrogen (N) and other pollutants can cause premature death and a variety of serious health effects. Climate change is expected to impact how N-related pollutants affect human health. For example, changes in temperature and precipitation patterns are projected to both lengthen the O-3 season and intensify high O-3 episodes in some areas. Other climate-related changes may increase the atmospheric release of N compounds through impacts on wildfire regimes, soil emissions, and biogenic emissions from terrestrial ecosystems. This paper examines the potential human health implications of climate change and N cycle interactions related to ambient air pollution. C1 [Peel, Jennifer L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Haeuber, Richard; Garcia, Valerie; Neas, Lucas] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Russell, Armistead G.] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Peel, JL (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM Jennifer.Peel@colostate.edu FU NSF Research Coordination Network [DEB-0443439, DEB-1049744]; David and Lucille Packard Foundation FX We thank several reviewers whose comments improved the quality of this manuscript. This work resulted from a workshop supported by NSF Research Coordination Network awards DEB-0443439 and DEB-1049744 and by the David and Lucille Packard Foundation. NR 85 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 13 U2 117 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 EI 1573-515X J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD JUL PY 2013 VL 114 IS 1-3 BP 121 EP 134 DI 10.1007/s10533-012-9782-4 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 168PO UT WOS:000320718200007 ER PT J AU McCrackin, ML Harrison, JA Compton, JE AF McCrackin, Michelle L. Harrison, John A. Compton, Jana E. TI A comparison of NEWS and SPARROW models to understand sources of nitrogen delivered to US coastal areas SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Nitrogen; Water quality; Atmospheric deposition; Sewage; Fertilizer; Model; Coastal zone; Nutrient export ID MISSISSIPPI RIVER-BASIN; GULF-OF-MEXICO; UNITED-STATES; ANTHROPOGENIC NITROGEN; ISOTOPE RATIOS; FORESTED WATERSHEDS; ESTUARIES; EXPORT; NITRATE; FLUXES AB The relative contributions of different anthropogenic and natural sources of in-stream nitrogen (N) cannot be directly measured at whole-watershed scales. Hence, source attribution estimates beyond the scale of small catchments must rely on models. Although such estimates have been accomplished using individual models, there has not yet been a comparison of N source attribution predictions at large spatial scales. We compared results from two models applied to the continental US: Nutrient Export from WaterSheds (NEWS) and SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watersheds (SPARROW). NEWS and SPARROW predictions for total N delivery to the US coastal zone were 373 and 429 kg N km(-2) year(-1), respectively, for the contemporary period. Despite differences in how inputs were represented and defined by the models, NEWS and SPARROW both identified the same single-largest N sources for 67 % of the surface area that drains to the US coastal zone. When only anthropogenic sources were considered, agreement increased to 78 % of surface area. Fertilizer and crop N-fixation were dominant in the Mississippi River Basin, where the bulk of agricultural lands are located. Sewage and population-related sources were most important in urban areas and natural N (primarily N-fixation on non-agricultural land) was most important in the Pacific Northwest. Attribution to fertilizer plus crop N-fixation, atmospheric deposition, and sewage and population-related sources was generally greater by SPARROW than NEWS, and the reverse was true for manure and natural sources. Nonetheless, both models agreed in attributing 62-81 % of N delivered to the coastal zone in the continental US to human activities. C1 [McCrackin, Michelle L.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [McCrackin, Michelle L.; Harrison, John A.] Washington State Univ, Sch Environm, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA. [Compton, Jana E.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP McCrackin, ML (reprint author), Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20001 USA. EM michelle.mccrackin@vancouver.wsu.edu OI McCrackin, Michelle/0000-0002-8570-2831 FU National Academies of Science Research Associateship Program; US Environmental Protection Agency FX We thank Richard Smith for a helpful review of this manuscript and, along with Richard Alexander, for providing SPARROW data. Three anonymous reviewers provided comments that greatly improved this paper. The information in this document was funded by the National Academies of Science Research Associateship Program and the US Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 60 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 51 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD JUL PY 2013 VL 114 IS 1-3 BP 281 EP 297 DI 10.1007/s10533-012-9809-x PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 168PO UT WOS:000320718200018 ER PT J AU Clark, CM Morefield, PE Gilliam, FS Pardo, LH AF Clark, Christopher M. Morefield, Philip E. Gilliam, Frank S. Pardo, Linda H. TI Estimated losses of plant biodiversity in the United States from historical N deposition (1985-2010) SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biodiversity; critical loads; ecoregion; herbaceous; nitrogen deposition ID NITROGEN CRITICAL LOADS; SPECIES RICHNESS; GRASSLANDS; DIVERSITY; RESTORATION; COMMUNITIES; CESSATION; EUROPE; LEVEL AB Although nitrogen (N) deposition is a significant threat to herbaceous plant biodiversity worldwide, it is not a new stressor for many developed regions. Only recently has it become possible to estimate historical impacts nationally for the United States. We used 26 years (1985-2010) of deposition data, with ecosystem-specific functional responses from local field experiments and a national critical loads (CL) database, to generate scenario-based estimates of herbaceous species loss. Here we show that, in scenarios using the low end of the CL range, N deposition exceeded critical loads over 0.38, 6.5, 13.1, 88.6, and 222.1 million ha for the Mediterranean California, North American Desert, Northwestern Forested Mountains, Great Plains, and Eastern Forest ecoregions, respectively, with corresponding species losses ranging from <1% to 30%. When we ran scenarios assuming ecosystems were less sensitive (using a common CL of 10 kgha(-1)yr(-1), and the high end of the CL range) minimal losses were estimated. The large range in projected impacts among scenarios implies uncertainty as to whether current critical loads provide protection to terrestrial plant biodiversity nationally and urge greater research in refining critical loads for U.S. ecosystems. C1 [Clark, Christopher M.; Morefield, Philip E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Gilliam, Frank S.] Marshall Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Huntington, WV 25755 USA. [Pardo, Linda H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Clark, CM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 1200 Penn Ave,NW,Mail Code 8601-P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM clark.christopher@epa.gov NR 30 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 6 U2 98 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD JUL PY 2013 VL 94 IS 7 BP 1441 EP 1448 DI 10.1890/12-2016.1 PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 180SY UT WOS:000321618400001 PM 23951703 ER PT J AU Kostich, M Flick, R Martinson, J AF Kostich, Mitch Flick, Robert Martinson, John TI Comparing predicted estrogen concentrations with measurements in US waters SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Estrogens; Estradiol; Wastewater; Aquatic; Water ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; STEROID ESTROGENS; REPLACEMENT THERAPY; TREATMENT WORKS; SURFACE WATERS; COWS MILK; FISH; CHEMICALS; EFFLUENT; HORMONES AB The range of exposure rates to the steroidal estrogens estrone (El), beta-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), and ethinyl estradiol (EE2) in the aquatic environment was investigated by modeling estrogen introduction via municipal wastewater from sewage plants across the US. Model predictions were compared to published measured concentrations. Predictions were congruent with most of the measurements, but a few measurements of E2 and EE2 exceed those that would be expected from the model, despite very conservative model assumptions of no degradation or in-stream dilution. Although some extreme measurements for EE2 may reflect analytical artifacts, remaining data suggest concentrations of E2 and EE2 may reach twice the 99th percentile predicted from the model. The model and bulk of the measurement data both suggest that cumulative exposure rates to humans are consistently low relative to effect levels, but also suggest that fish exposures to El, E2, and EE2 sometimes substantially exceed chronic no-effect levels. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kostich, Mitch; Flick, Robert; Martinson, John] US EPA, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Kostich, M (reprint author), US EPA, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM kostich.mitchell@epa.gov; flick.robert@epa.gov; martinson.john@epa.gov NR 41 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 5 U2 48 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 178 BP 271 EP 277 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.03.024 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 165MJ UT WOS:000320487700036 PM 23587857 ER PT J AU Wason, SC Julien, R Perry, MJ Smith, TJ Levy, JI AF Wason, Susan C. Julien, Rhona Perry, Melissa J. Smith, Thomas J. Levy, Jonathan I. TI Modeling exposures to organophosphates and pyrethroids for children living in an urban low-income environment SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Children's health; Exposure modeling; Pesticides; Variability; Multi-media ID IN-HOUSE DUST; NONDIETARY INGESTION; RESIDENTIAL EXPOSURE; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; CHLORPYRIFOS; MINNESOTA; COHORT; INTERVENTIONS; AGGREGATE; PREGNANCY AB Pesticide exposure in urban low-income residential environments may be elevated as a result of persistent application due to severe pest infestation. Children living in this environment may be a sensitive subpopulation for these non-dietary exposures, due to their physiological and behavioral differences. In this study, we provide an exposure modeling framework to simulate exposures for children in this environment and assess dominant exposure routes and sources of exposure variability, in order to characterize factors that influence risk. We use a dataset of pesticide measurements collected in 42 low-income dwellings, including vacuum dust and floor wipe samples from kitchens and living rooms. We fit distributions to the concentration measurements for the organophosphates measured, chlorpyrifos and diazinon, and the most prevalent pyrethroids (permethrin, cypermethrin, and cyfluthrin), and simulated 1000 homes from the distributions. Concentration measurements were then connected with activity pattern data, short-term dermal and ingestion exposures and absorbed doses were simulated for children ages 1-5 years. For both pesticide groups, exposure values ranged widely, with concentration values contributing most significantly to exposure variability, although approximately 20-fold variability was attributable to exposure factors alone. In addition, upper percentile exposed children usually had both higher concentrations as well as greater influences from exposure and dose factors. Differences were also seen across pesticide groups in dominant exposure pathways. Our analyses indicate a profile of factors that describe individuals likely to receive high doses of one or multiple pesticides and could allow for more targeted intervention strategies. More generally, this work provides a standard framework to evaluate and describe exposures to prevalent residential pesticides via multiple pathways. (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Wason, Susan C.; Perry, Melissa J.; Smith, Thomas J.; Levy, Jonathan I.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Julien, Rhona] US EPA, Boston, MA 02109 USA. [Julien, Rhona] Harvard Univ, Extens Sch, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Perry, Melissa J.] George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Levy, Jonathan I.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Wason, SC (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, 401 Pk Dr West, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM swason@hsph.harvard.edu RI Levy, Jon/B-4542-2011 OI Levy, Jon/0000-0002-1116-4006 FU Harvard University Center for the Environment; Mark and Catherine Winkler Foundation; US Department of Housing and Urban Development [MALHH0077-00]; W.K. Kellogg Foundation; Boston Foundation; Jessie B. Cox Charitable Trust FX This work was funded by a seed grant from the Harvard University Center for the Environment and by the Mark and Catherine Winkler Foundation. Thank you to John Evans and Valerie Zartarian for their collaboration. Original work with concentration data collection and analysis was funded by the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (Grant no. MALHH0077-00), W.K. Kellogg Foundation, Boston Foundation and Jessie B. Cox Charitable Trust. NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 30 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 124 BP 13 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2012.08.009 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 162VM UT WOS:000320294100003 PM 23664738 ER PT J AU Reponen, T Levin, L Zheng, S Vesper, S Ryan, P Grinshpun, SA LeMasters, G AF Reponen, Tiina Levin, Linda Zheng, Shu Vesper, Stephen Ryan, Patrick Grinshpun, Sergey A. LeMasters, Grace TI Family and home characteristics correlate with mold in homes SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Mold; Environmental relative moldiness index; Air conditioning; Age of the home; Socioeconomic position ID RELATIVE MOLDINESS INDEX; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; PCR ANALYSIS; INNER-CITY; ASTHMA; CHILDREN; RISK; ENVIRONMENT; INFANTS; INDOOR AB Previously, we demonstrated that infants residing in homes with higher Environmental Relative Moldiness Index were at greater risk for developing asthma by age seven. The purpose of this analysis was to identify the family and home characteristics associated with higher moldiness index values in infants' homes at age one. Univariate linear regression of each characteristic determined that family factors associated with moldiness index were race and income. Home characteristics associated with the moldiness index values were: air conditioning, carpet, age of the home, season of home assessment, and house dust mite allergen. Parental history of asthma, use of dehumidifier, visible mold, dog and cat allergen levels were not associated with moldiness index. Results of multiple linear regression showed that older homes had 2.9 units higher moldiness index (95% confidence interval [CI]=0.4, 5.4), whereas homes with central air conditioning had 2.5 units lower moldiness index (95% CI=-4.7, -0.4). In addition, higher dust mite allergen levels and carpeting were positively and negatively associated with higher moldiness index, respectively. Because older homes and lack of air conditioning were also correlated with race and lower income, whereas carpeting was associated with newer homes, the multivariate analyses suggests that lower overall socioeconomic position is associated with higher moldiness index values. This may lead to increased asthma risk in homes inhabited by susceptible, vulnerable population subgroups. Further, age of the home was a surrogate of income, race and carpeting in our population; thus the use of these factors should carefully be evaluated in future studies. (c) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Reponen, Tiina; Levin, Linda; Zheng, Shu; Ryan, Patrick; Grinshpun, Sergey A.; LeMasters, Grace] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Vesper, Stephen] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Ryan, Patrick] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Reponen, T (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM tiina.reponen@uc.edu RI Ryan, Patrick /L-7062-2015; Osborne, Nicholas/N-4915-2015 OI Osborne, Nicholas/0000-0002-6700-2284 FU U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development [OHLHH0226-10]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [RO1 ES11170] FX This study was partially supported by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development grant #OHLHH0226-10 and by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences grant #RO1 ES11170. The authors have no financial interests to disclose. NR 22 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 21 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 124 BP 67 EP 70 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2013.04.003 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 162VM UT WOS:000320294100010 PM 23683889 ER PT J AU Mallard, MS Lackmann, GM Aiyyer, A Hill, K AF Mallard, Megan S. Lackmann, Gary M. Aiyyer, Anantha Hill, Kevin TI Atlantic Hurricanes and Climate Change. Part I: Experimental Design and Isolation of Thermodynamic Effects SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article DE Tropical cyclones; Climate change; Hurricanes; typhoons; General circulation models; Mesoscale models ID TROPICAL CYCLONE ACTIVITY; PLANETARY BOUNDARY-LAYER; HIGH-RESOLUTION SIMULATIONS; CONVECTIVE MOMENTUM TRANSPORT; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; WATER-VAPOR; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; CLOUD MICROPHYSICS; SITU OBSERVATIONS; ATMOSPHERE MODEL AB The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is used in a downscaling experiment to simulate a portion of the Atlantic hurricane season both in present-day conditions and with modifications to include future thermodynamic changes.Temperature and moisture changes are derived from an ensemble of climate simulations from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) A1B scenario and added to analyzed initial and lateral boundary conditions, leaving horizontal temperature gradients and vertical wind shear unaltered. This method of downscaling excludes future changes in shear and incipient disturbances, thereby isolating the thermodynamic component of climate change and its effect on tropical cyclone (TC) activity.The North Atlantic basin is simulated with 18- and 6-km grid spacing, and a four-member physics ensemble is composed by varying microphysical and boundary layer parameterization schemes. This ensemble is used in monthly simulations during an active (2005) and inactive (2009) season, and the simulations are able to capture the change in activity between the different years. TC frequency is better reproduced with use of 6-km grid spacing and explicitly simulated convection, relative to simulations with 18-km grid spacing. A detailed comparison of present-day and future ensemble results is provided in a companion study. C1 [Mallard, Megan S.; Lackmann, Gary M.; Aiyyer, Anantha] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Hill, Kevin] AIR Worldwide Corp, Boston, MA USA. RP Mallard, MS (reprint author), US EPA, Mail Drop E243-01,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM megansmallard@gmail.com OI Aiyyer, Anantha/0000-0002-9706-956X; Mallard, Megan/0000-0001-6548-8914 FU DOE [ER64448]; National Science Foundation FX This research was supported by DOE Grant ER64448, awarded to North Carolina State University. The authors would also like to thank the Renaissance Computing Institute (RENCI) for making available their computing resources and technical support. Thanks also to Prof. Walt Robinson, who reviewed an earlier draft of this publication, and to four anonymous reviews for their helpful comments. Constructive input on the project was also provided by Prof. Fred Semazzi. The WRF model is made available by NCAR, funded by the National Science Foundation. We also thank the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) for collecting and archiving the CMIP3 model output and the WCRP's Working Group on Coupled Modeling(WGCM) for organizing the model data analysis activity. The WCRP CMIP3 multimodel dataset is supported by the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 94 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 32 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 26 IS 13 BP 4876 EP 4893 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00182.1 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 175UL UT WOS:000321259000030 ER PT J AU Ghio, AJ Roggli, VL Soukup, JM Richards, JH Randell, SH Muhlebach, MS AF Ghio, Andrew J. Roggli, Victor L. Soukup, Joleen M. Richards, Judy H. Randell, Scott H. Muhlebach, Marianne S. TI Iron accumulates in the lavage and explanted lungs of cystic fibrosis patients SO JOURNAL OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS LA English DT Article DE Iron; Ferritin; Cystic fibrosis; Transferrin; Lung diseases ID OXIDATIVE STRESS; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; LOWER AIRWAY; INFLAMMATION; HOMEOSTASIS; FERRITIN; IL-8; TRANSPORTER AB Oxidative stress participates in the pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis (CF). An underlying disruption in iron homeostasis can frequently be demonstrated in injuries and diseases associated with an oxidative stress. We tested the hypothesis that iron accumulation and altered expression of iron-related proteins could be demonstrated in both the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and explanted lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis. BAL fluid collected from 10 children with CF showed elevated concentrations of protein, iron, ferritin, transferrin, heme, and hemoglobin relative to that obtained from 20 healthy volunteers. Using Pen's Prussian blue staining, explanted lung from CF patients revealed increased iron in alveolar and interstitial macrophages. Similarly, there was an increased expression of ferritin, the iron importer DMT1, and the exporter ferroportin 1 in lung tissue from CF patients. We conclude that iron homeostasis is disrupted in CF patients with an accumulation of this metal and altered expression of iron-related proteins being evident in the lungs. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of European Cystic Fibrosis Society. C1 [Ghio, Andrew J.; Soukup, Joleen M.; Richards, Judy H.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Roggli, Victor L.] Duke Univ, Dept Pathol, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Randell, Scott H.] Univ N Carolina, Cyst Fibrosis Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Muhlebach, Marianne S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pediat, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Ghio, AJ (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, HSF, Campus Box 7315,104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27711 USA. EM ghto.andy@epa.gov NR 46 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1569-1993 J9 J CYST FIBROS JI J. Cyst. Fibros PD JUL PY 2013 VL 12 IS 4 BP 390 EP 398 DI 10.1016/j.jcf.2012.10.010 PG 9 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 173OM UT WOS:000321088800011 PM 23176785 ER PT J AU Pierson, JB Berridge, BR Brooks, MB Dreher, K Koerner, J Schultze, AE Sarazan, RD Valentin, JP Vargas, HM Pettit, SD AF Pierson, Jennifer B. Berridge, Brian R. Brooks, Marjory B. Dreher, Kevin Koerner, John Schultze, A. Eric Sarazan, R. Dustan Valentin, Jean-Pierre Vargas, Hugo M. Pettit, Syril D. TI A public-private consortium advances cardiac safety evaluation: Achievements of the HESI Cardiac Safety Technical Committee SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGICAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Animal models; Cardiac repolarization; Cardiac safety; Cardiac biomarkers; FDA; ILSI/HESI; Integrated risk assessment; Stem cells ID ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES INSTITUTE; TORSADES-DE-POINTES; MYOCARDIAL INJURY; RECOMMENDATIONS; TROPONINS; HEALTH; SERUM; OPPORTUNITIES; PROLONGATION; PHARMACOLOGY AB Introduction: The evaluation of cardiovascular side-effects is a critical element in the development of all new drugs and chemicals. Cardiac safety issues are a major cause of attrition and withdrawal due to adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in pharmaceutical drug development. Methods: The evolution of the HESI Technical Committee on Cardiac Safety from 2000-2013 is presented as an example of an effective international consortium of academic, government, and industry scientists working to improve cardiac safety. Results and Discussion: The HESI Technical Committee Working Groups facilitated the development of a variety of platforms for resource sharing and communication among experts that led to innovative strategies for improved drug safety. The positive impacts arising from these Working Groups are described in this article. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Pierson, Jennifer B.; Pettit, Syril D.] Hlth & Environm Sci Inst, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Berridge, Brian R.] GlaxoSmithKline Res & Dev Ltd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Brooks, Marjory B.] Cornell Univ, Comparat Coagulat Sect, Dept Populat Med & Diagnost Sci, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Dreher, Kevin] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Koerner, John] US FDA, Div Cardiovasc & Renal Prod, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA. [Schultze, A. Eric] Lilly Res Labs, Dept Pathol, Indianapolis, IN 46285 USA. [Sarazan, R. Dustan] DSI, St Paul, MN USA. [Valentin, Jean-Pierre] AstraZeneca, Global Safety Assessment, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, Cheshire, England. [Vargas, Hugo M.] Amgen Inc, Toxicol Sci, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320 USA. RP Pierson, JB (reprint author), Hlth & Environm Sci Inst, 1156 15th St Northwest,Suite 200, Washington, DC 20005 USA. NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1056-8719 EI 1873-488X J9 J PHARMACOL TOX MET JI J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 68 IS 1 BP 7 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.vascn.2013.03.008 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 178IW UT WOS:000321442300176 PM 23567075 ER PT J AU Jones, KB Zurlini, G Kienast, F Petrosillo, I Edwards, T Wade, TG Li, BL Zaccarelli, N AF Jones, K. Bruce Zurlini, Giovanni Kienast, Felix Petrosillo, Irene Edwards, Thomas Wade, Timothy G. Li, Bai-lian Zaccarelli, Nicola TI Informing landscape planning and design for sustaining ecosystem services from existing spatial patterns and knowledge SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Landscape gradients; Landscape pattern; Ecosystem services; Adaptive management ID LAND-COVER DATA; ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT; UNITED-STATES; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; SPECIES RICHNESS; AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPES; CONNECTIVITY ANALYSIS; POPULATION-GENETICS; GRADIENT ANALYSIS; RIPARIAN BUFFERS AB Over the last decade we have seen an increased emphasis in environmental management and policies aimed at maintaining and restoring multiple ecosystem services at landscape scales. This emphasis has resulted from the recognition that management of specific environmental targets and ecosystem services requires an understanding of landscape processes and the spatial scales that maintain those targets and services. Moreover, we have become increasingly aware of the influence of broad-scale drivers such as climate change on landscape processes and the ecosystem services they support. Studies and assessments on the relative success of environmental policies and landscape designs in maintaining landscape processes and ecosystem services is mostly lacking. This likely reflects the relatively high cost of maintaining a commitment to implement and maintain monitoring programs that document responses of landscape processes and ecosystem services to different landscape policies and designs. However, we argue that there is considerable variation in natural and human-caused landscape pattern at local to continental scales and that this variation may facilitate analyses of how environmental targets and ecosystem services have responded to such patterns. Moreover, wall-to-wall spatial data on land cover and land use at national scales may permit characterization and mapping of different landscape pattern gradients. We discuss four broad and interrelated focus areas that should enhance our understanding of how landscape pattern influences ecosystem services: (1) characterizing and mapping landscape pattern gradients; (2) quantifying relationships between landscape patterns and environmental targets and ecosystem services, (3) evaluating landscape patterns with regards to multiple ecosystem services, and (4) applying adaptive management concepts to improve the effectiveness of specific landscape designs in sustaining ecosystem services. We discuss opportunities as well as challenges in each of these four areas. We believe that this agenda could lead to spatially explicit solutions in managing a range of environmental targets and ecosystem services. Spatially explicit options are critical in managing and protecting landscapes, especially given that communities and organizations are often limited in their capacity to make changes at landscape scales. The issues and potential solutions discussed in this paper expand upon the call by Nassauer and Opdam (Landscape Ecol 23:633-644, 2008) to include design as a fundamental element in landscape ecology research by evaluating natural and human-caused (planned or designed) landscape patterns and their influence on ecosystem services. It also expands upon the idea of "learning by doing" to include "learning from what has already been done.". C1 [Jones, K. Bruce] Desert Res Inst, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Zurlini, Giovanni; Petrosillo, Irene; Zaccarelli, Nicola] Univ Salento, Landscape Ecol Lab, Dept Biol & Environm Sci & Technol, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. [Kienast, Felix] Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res WSL, Landscape Ecol Grp WSL ETHZ, CH-03 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Edwards, Thomas] Utah State Univ, US Geol Survey, Utah Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Wade, Timothy G.] US EPA, Landscape Ecol Branch E243 05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Li, Bai-lian] Univ Calif Riverside, Coll Nat & Agriculural Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Jones, KB (reprint author), Desert Res Inst, 755 East Flamingo Rd, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. EM crocodylus@aol.com RI Kienast, Felix/L-3536-2013; Petrosillo, Irene/N-8039-2015; OI Petrosillo, Irene/0000-0002-7359-4095; Zurlini, Giovanni/0000-0002-2432-5294 NR 175 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 13 U2 177 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 28 IS 6 BP 1175 EP 1192 DI 10.1007/s10980-012-9794-4 PG 18 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 175UZ UT WOS:000321260400015 ER PT J AU Thomas, RS Wesselkamper, SC Wang, NCY Zhao, QJ Petersen, DD Lambert, JC Cote, I Yang, LL Healy, E Black, MB Clewell, HJ Allen, BC Andersen, ME AF Thomas, Russell S. Wesselkamper, Scott C. Wang, Nina Ching Y. Zhao, Q. Jay Petersen, Dan D. Lambert, Jason C. Cote, Ila Yang, Longlong Healy, Eric Black, Michael B. Clewell, Harvey J., III Allen, Bruce C. Andersen, Melvin E. TI Temporal Concordance Between Apical and Transcriptional Points of Departure for Chemical Risk Assessment SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE bioinformatics; microarray; toxicogenomics; risk assessment; dose response; safety evaluation ID SUBCHRONIC HEPATOTOXICITY EVALUATION; FISCHER-344 RATS; 1,2,4-TRIBROMOBENZENE AB The number of legacy chemicals without toxicity reference values combined with the rate of new chemical development is overwhelming the capacity of the traditional risk assessment paradigm. More efficient approaches are needed to quantitatively estimate chemical risks. In this study, rats were dosed orally with multiple doses of six chemicals for 5 days and 2, 4, and 13 weeks. Target organs were analyzed for traditional histological and organ weight changes and transcriptional changes using microarrays. Histological and organ weight changes in this study and the tumor incidences in the original cancer bioassays were analyzed using benchmark dose (BMD) methods to identify noncancer and cancer points of departure. The dose-response changes in gene expression were also analyzed using BMD methods and the responses grouped based on signaling pathways. A comparison of transcriptional BMD values for the most sensitive pathway with BMD values for the noncancer and cancer apical endpoints showed a high degree of correlation at all time points. When the analysis included data from an earlier study with eight additional chemicals, transcriptional BMD values for the most sensitive pathway were significantly correlated with noncancer (r = 0.827, p = 0.0031) and cancer-related (r = 0.940, p = 0.0002) BMD values at 13 weeks. The average ratio of apical-to-transcriptional BMD values was less than two, suggesting that for the current chemicals, transcriptional perturbation did not occur at significantly lower doses than apical responses. Based on our results, we propose a practical framework for application of transcriptomic data to chemical risk assessment. C1 [Thomas, Russell S.; Yang, Longlong; Healy, Eric; Black, Michael B.; Clewell, Harvey J., III; Andersen, Melvin E.] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Wesselkamper, Scott C.; Wang, Nina Ching Y.; Zhao, Q. Jay; Petersen, Dan D.; Lambert, Jason C.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Cote, Ila] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. [Allen, Bruce C.] Bruce Allen Consulting, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. RP Thomas, RS (reprint author), Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, 6 Davis Dr,POB 12137, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM rthomas@thehamner.org OI Andersen, Melvin/0000-0002-3894-4811; Thomas, Russell/0000-0002-2340-0301 FU American Chemistry Council's Long-Range Research Initiative FX American Chemistry Council's Long-Range Research Initiative. NR 31 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 134 IS 1 BP 180 EP 194 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kft094 PG 15 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 171EM UT WOS:000320907900016 PM 23596260 ER PT J AU Farmer, DK Chen, Q Kimmel, JR Docherty, KS Nemitz, E Artaxo, PA Cappa, CD Martin, ST Jimenez, JL AF Farmer, Delphine K. Chen, Qi Kimmel, Joel R. Docherty, Kenneth S. Nemitz, Eiko Artaxo, Paulo A. Cappa, Christopher D. Martin, Scot T. Jimenez, Jose L. TI Chemically Resolved Particle Fluxes Over Tropical and Temperate Forests SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; PONDEROSA PINE PLANTATION; SIERRA-NEVADA MOUNTAINS; AMAZON RAIN-FOREST; MASS-SPECTROMETER; DRY DEPOSITION; PHASE CHEMISTRY; DUTCH HEATHLAND; EXCHANGE FLUXES; HIGH-RESOLUTION AB Chemically resolved submicron (PM1) particle mass fluxes were measured by eddy covariance with a high resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer over temperate and tropical forests during the BEARPEX-07 and AMAZE-08 campaigns. Fluxes during AMAZE-08 were small and close to the detection limit (<1ng m(-2) s(-1)) due to low particle mass concentrations (<1g m(-3)). During BEARPEX-07, concentrations were five times larger, with mean mid-day deposition fluxes of -4.8ng m(-2) s(-1) for total nonrefractory PM1 (V-ex,V-PM1 = -1mm s(-1)) and emission fluxes of +2.6ng m(-2) s(-1) for organic PM1 (V-ex,V-org = +1mm s(-1)). Biosphere-atmosphere fluxes of different chemical components are affected by in-canopy chemistry, vertical gradients in gas-particle partitioning due to canopy temperature gradients, emission of primary biological aerosol particles, and wet and dry deposition. As a result of these competing processes, individual chemical components had fluxes of varying magnitude and direction during both campaigns. Oxygenated organic components representing regionally aged aerosol deposited, while components of fresh secondary organic aerosol (SOA) emitted. During BEARPEX-07, rapid in-canopy oxidation caused rapid SOA growth on the timescale of biosphere-atmosphere exchange. In-canopy SOA mass yields were 0.5-4%. During AMAZE-08, the net organic aerosol flux was influenced by deposition, in-canopy SOA formation, and thermal shifts in gas-particle partitioning. Wet deposition was estimated to be an order of magnitude larger than dry deposition during AMAZE-08. Small shifts in organic aerosol concentrations from anthropogenic sources such as urban pollution or biomass burning alters the balance between flux terms. The semivolatile nature of the Amazonian organic aerosol suggests a feedback in which warmer temperatures will partition SOA to the gas-phase, reducing their light scattering and thus potential to cool the region. Copyright 2013 American Association for Aerosol Research C1 [Farmer, Delphine K.; Kimmel, Joel R.; Docherty, Kenneth S.; Jimenez, Jose L.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Farmer, Delphine K.; Kimmel, Joel R.; Docherty, Kenneth S.; Jimenez, Jose L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Farmer, Delphine K.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Chem, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Chen, Qi; Martin, Scot T.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chen, Qi; Martin, Scot T.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chen, Qi] MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Kimmel, Joel R.] Tofwerk AG, Bern, Switzerland. [Kimmel, Joel R.] Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA USA. [Docherty, Kenneth S.] US EPA, Alion Sci & Technol Corp, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Nemitz, Eiko] NERC, Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Penicuik, Midlothian, Scotland. [Artaxo, Paulo A.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Phys, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Cappa, Christopher D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Jimenez, JL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM delphine.farmer@colostate.edu; jose.jimenez@colorado.edu RI Jimenez, Jose/A-5294-2008; Nemitz, Eiko/I-6121-2012; Martin, Scot/G-1094-2015; Artaxo, Paulo/E-8874-2010 OI Jimenez, Jose/0000-0001-6203-1847; Nemitz, Eiko/0000-0002-1765-6298; Martin, Scot/0000-0002-8996-7554; Artaxo, Paulo/0000-0001-7754-3036 FU NSF [ATM-0723582, ATM-0919189]; DOE (BER, ASR Program) [DE-SC0006035, DE-FG02-11ER65293]; UK Natural Environment Research Council [NE/E007309/1]; FAPESP; CNPq FX This research was funded by NSF ATM-0723582 and ATM-0919189, DOE (BER, ASR Program DE-SC0006035, and DE-FG02-11ER65293), and the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NE/E007309/1). Delphine K. Farmer acknowledges a NOAA Climate & Global Change Postdoctoral Fellowship. Qi Chen acknowledges a NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship. Paulo A. Artaxo acknowledges funding from FAPESP and CNPq. NR 70 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 54 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0278-6826 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PD JUL 1 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 7 BP 818 EP 830 DI 10.1080/02786826.2013.791022 PG 13 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 176RJ UT WOS:000321321500012 ER PT J AU Cashdollar, JL Wymer, L AF Cashdollar, J. L. Wymer, L. TI Methods for primary concentration of viruses from water samples: a review and meta-analysis of recent studies SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE environmental; recreational water; viruses; water ID HOLLOW-FIBER ULTRAFILTRATION; TAP WATER; MEMBRANE FILTERS; DRINKING-WATER; LARGE VOLUMES; SECONDARY CONCENTRATION; ELECTROPOSITIVE FILTER; ENVIRONMENTAL WATERS; CARTRIDGE FILTERS; ENTERIC VIRUSES AB Since the beginning of environmental virology in the mid-twentieth century, a key challenge to scientists in the environmental field has been how to collect, isolate and detect pathogenic viruses from water that is used for drinking and/or recreational purposes. Early studies investigated different types of membrane filters, with more sophisticated technologies being developed more recently. The purpose of this study was to look at the current state of the science of methods for the concentration of viruses from water. Several technologies were reviewed, and associated data were included in a meta-analysis which showed that electronegative filters, electropositive filters and ultrafilters are comparable in performance and that significant differences in recovery are due to virus type rather than filter type, water matrix or sample volume. This information is useful, as it will help to determine which method(s) should be used, particularly if there is a specific viral type being targeted for a particular study. In addition, it will be helpful when sampling different environmental water matrices and/or when budget allowance must be taken into consideration. Taken together, this will be useful in performing viral occurrence studies, which ultimately can help ensure safer water for both humans and the environment. C1 [Cashdollar, J. L.; Wymer, L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Cashdollar, JL (reprint author), US EPA, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS 587, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM cashdollar.jennifer@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 59 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 6 U2 50 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1364-5072 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 115 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1111/jam.12143 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 162PX UT WOS:000320278600001 PM 23360578 ER PT J AU Ware, MW Keely, SP Villegas, EN AF Ware, M. W. Keely, S. P. Villegas, E. N. TI Development and evaluation of an off-the-slide genotyping technique for identifying Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts directly from US EPA Method 1623 slides SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium; cysts; genotyping; Giardia; oocysts; US EPA Method 1623 ID N. SP APICOMPLEXA; PROTECTION-AGENCY METHOD-1623; WATERBORNE DISEASE OUTBREAKS; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; DRINKING-WATER; UNITED-STATES; ZOONOTIC TRANSMISSION; LAMBLIA CYSTS; GLASS SLIDES; RAW WATER AB Aims This study developed and systematically evaluated performance and limit of detection of an off-the-slide genotyping procedure for both Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts. Methods and Results Slide standards containing flow-sorted (oo)cysts were used to evaluate the off-the-slide genotyping procedure by microscopy and PCR. Results show approximately 20% of cysts and oocysts are lost during staining. Although transfer efficiency from the slide to the PCR tube could not be determined by microscopy, it was observed that the transfer process aided in the physical lysis of the (oo)cysts likely releasing DNA. PCR detection rates for a single event on a slide were 44% for Giardia and 27% for Cryptosporidium, and a minimum of five cysts and 20 oocysts are required to achieve a 90% PCR detection rate. A Poisson distribution analysis estimated the relative PCR target densities and limits of detection, it showed that 18 Cryptosporidium and five Giardia replicates are required for a 95% probability of detecting a single (oo)cyst on a slide. Conclusions This study successfully developed and evaluated recovery rates and limits of detection of an off-the-slide genotyping procedure for both Cryptosporidium and Giardia (oo)cysts from the same slide. Significance and Impact of the Study This off-the-slide genotyping technique is a simple and low cost tool that expands the applications of US EPA Method 1623 results by identifying the genotypes and assemblages of the enumerated Cryptosporidium and Giardia. This additional information will be useful for microbial risk assessment models and watershed management decisions. C1 [Ware, M. W.; Keely, S. P.; Villegas, E. N.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Villegas, EN (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Mailstop 587,26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM villegas.eric@epa.gov RI Villegas, Eric/A-7373-2015 OI Villegas, Eric/0000-0002-8059-8588 NR 56 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1364-5072 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 115 IS 1 BP 298 EP 309 DI 10.1111/jam.12223 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 162PX UT WOS:000320278600031 PM 23594204 ER PT J AU Janousek, CN Mayo, C AF Janousek, Christopher N. Mayo, Cara TI Plant responses to increased inundation and salt exposure: interactive effects on tidal marsh productivity SO PLANT ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biomass; Ecosystem function; Physiological stress; Salinity; Sea-level rise; Submergence ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; OLIGOHALINE MARSH; COASTAL WETLANDS; BRACKISH-MARSH; ELEVATED CO2; SALINITY; GROWTH; ZONATION; VEGETATION AB Flooding and high salinity generally induce physiological stress in wetland vascular plants which may increase in intensity with sea-level rise (SLR). We tested the effects of these factors on seedling growth in a transplant experiment in a macrotidal estuary in the Pacific Northwest. Seven common wetland species were grown at mean higher high water (MHHW, a typical mid-marsh elevation), and at 25 and 50 cm below MHHW in oligohaline, mesohaline, and polyhaline marshes. Increased flooding reduced shoot and root growth in all species, including those typically found at middle or lower tidal elevations. It also generally disproportionately reduced root biomass. For more sensitive species, biomass declined by > 50 % at only 25 cm below MHHW at the oligohaline site. Plant growth was also strongly reduced under polyhaline conditions relative to the less saline sites. By combining inundation and salinity time-series measurements we estimated a salt exposure index for each site by elevation treatment. Higher values of the index were associated with lower root and shoot biomass for all species and a relatively greater loss of below-ground than above-ground production in most species. Our results suggest that inundation and salinity stress individually and (often) interactively reduce productivity across a suite of common marsh species. As relative SLR increases the intensity of stress on coastal marsh plants, negative effects on biomass may occur across a range of species and especially on below-ground production. C1 [Janousek, Christopher N.; Mayo, Cara] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Newport, OR 97365 USA. RP Janousek, CN (reprint author), US EPA, Western Ecol Div, 2111 SE Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. EM Janousek.Chris@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX We thank C. Folger, D. Fultz, M. Frazier, R. Loiselle, B. Weigel and R. Norton for research assistance and those who reviewed previous versions of the manuscript including C. Weilhoefer, M. Frazier and anonymous reviewers. The information in this publication has been funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Lab and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 40 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 121 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-0237 J9 PLANT ECOL JI Plant Ecol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 214 IS 7 BP 917 EP 928 DI 10.1007/s11258-013-0218-6 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA 174DU UT WOS:000321134600003 ER PT J AU Clements, AL Fraser, MP Upadhyay, N Herckes, P Sundblom, M Lantz, J Solomon, PA AF Clements, Andrea L. Fraser, Matthew P. Upadhyay, Nabin Herckes, Pierre Sundblom, Michael Lantz, Jeffrey Solomon, Paul A. TI Characterization of summertime coarse particulate matter in the Desert SouthwestArizona, USA SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID AIR-POLLUTION; COACHELLA VALLEY; DAILY MORTALITY; AMBIENT AIR; PARTICLES; CALIFORNIA; CITIES; VARIABILITY; ADMISSIONS; DISEASE AB A year-long study was conducted in Pinal County, AZ, to characterize coarse (2.5 - 10 m aerodynamic diameter, AD) and fine (< 2.5 m AD) particulate matter (PMc and PMf, respectively) to further understand spatial and temporal variations in ambient PM concentrations and composition in rural, arid environments. Measurements of PMc and PMf mass, ions, elements, and carbon concentrations at one-in-six day resolution were obtained at three sites within the region. Results from the summer of 2009 and specifically the local monsoon period are presented. The summer monsoon season (July - September) and associated rain and/or high wind events, has historically had the largest number of PM10 NAAQS exceedances within a year. Rain events served to clean the atmosphere, decreasing PMc concentrations resulting in a more uniform spatial gradient among the sites. The monsoon period also is characterized by high wind events, increasing PMc mass concentrations, possibly due to increased local wind-driven soil erosion or transport. Two PM10 NAAQS exceedances at the urban monitoring site were explained by high wind events and can likely be excluded from PM10 compliance calculations as exceptional events. At the more rural Cowtown site, PM10 NAAQS exceedances were more frequent, likely due to the impact from local dust sources. PM mass concentrations at the Cowtown site were typically higher than at the Pinal County Housing and Casa Grande sites. Crustal material was equal to 52-63% of the PMc mass concentration on average. High concentrations of phosphate and organic carbon found at the rural Cowtown were associated with local cattle feeding operations. A relatively high correlation between PMc and PMf (R-2=0.63) indicated that the lower tail of the coarse particle fraction often impacts the fine particle fraction, increasing the PMf concentrations. Therefore, reductions in PMc sources will likely also reduce PMf concentrations, which also are near the value of the 24-hr PM2.5 NAAQS. Implications: In the desert southwest, summer monsoons are often associated with above average PM10 (<10 m AD) mass concentrations. Competing influences of monsoon rain and wind events showed that rain suppresses ambient concentrations while high wind increase them. In this region, the PMc fraction dominates PM10 and crustal sources contribute 52-63% to local PMc mass concentrations on average. Cattle feedlot emissions are also an important source and a unique chemical signature was identified for this source. Observations suggest monsoon wind events alone cannot explain PM10 NAAQS exceedances, thus requiring these values to remain in compliance calculations rather than being removed as exceptional wind events. C1 [Clements, Andrea L.] Rice Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houston, TX USA. [Fraser, Matthew P.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainable Engn & Built Environm, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Upadhyay, Nabin; Herckes, Pierre] Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Sundblom, Michael] Pinal Cty Air Qual Control Dist, Florence, AZ USA. [Lantz, Jeffrey] US EPA, Off Air & Radiat, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. [Solomon, Paul A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Fraser, MP (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainable Engn & Built Environm, POB 875402, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM Matthew.Fraser@asu.edu RI Herckes, Pierre/E-6824-2011; OI Herckes, Pierre/0000-0002-0205-3187; Clements, Andrea/0000-0003-0764-5584 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region 9; EPA Office of Research and Development; Pinal County Air Quality Control District; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [83404901] FX Funding for this work was provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region 9, EPA Office of Research and Development, and the Pinal County Air Quality Control District. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under assistance agreement 83404901 to Arizona State University. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 20 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1096-2247 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD JUL 1 PY 2013 VL 63 IS 7 BP 764 EP 772 DI 10.1080/10962247.2013.787955 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 166QV UT WOS:000320573100004 PM 23926846 ER PT J AU Meek, MEB Bolger, M Bus, JS Christopher, J Conolly, RB Lewis, RJ Paolini, GM Schoeny, R Haber, LT Rosenstein, AB Dourson, ML AF Meek, M. E. Bette Bolger, Michael Bus, James S. Christopher, John Conolly, Rory B. Lewis, R. Jeffrey Paolini, Gregory M. Schoeny, Rita Haber, Lynne T. Rosenstein, Amy B. Dourson, Michael L. TI A framework for fit-for-purpose dose response assessment SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mode of action; Fit-for-purpose; Problem formulation; Framework; Tier; Endogenous; Methods compendium ID TO-OUTCOME MODEL; RISK-ASSESSMENT; INSECTICIDE RESIDUES; DIETARY EXPOSURES; INFORMATION; CHEMICALS AB The NRC report Science and Decisions: Advancing Risk Assessment made several recommendations to improve chemical risk assessment, with a focus on in-depth chronic dose-response assessments conducted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The recommendations addressed two broad elements: improving technical analysis and utility for decision making. To advance the discussions in the NRC report, in three multi-stakeholder workshops organized by the Alliance for Risk Assessment, available and evolving risk assessment methodologies were considered through the development and application of case studies. A key product was a framework (http://www.allianceforrisk.org/Workshop/Framework/ProblemFormulation.html) to guide risk assessors and managers to various dose-response assessment methods relevant to a range of decision contexts ranging from priority setting to full assessment, as illustrated by case studies. It is designed to facilitate selection of appropriate methodology for a variety of problem formulations and includes a variety of methods with supporting case studies, for areas flagged specifically by the NRC committee for consideration - e.g., susceptible sub-populations, population variability and background. The framewok contributes to organization and communication about methodologies for incorporating increasingly biologically informed and chemical specific knowledge into dose-response analysis, which is considered critical in evolving fit-for-purpose assessment to address relevant problem formulations. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Meek, M. E. Bette] Univ Ottawa, McLaughlin Ctr Populat Hlth Risk Assessment, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. [Bolger, Michael] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Bus, James S.] Dow Chem Co USA, Toxicol & Environm Res & Consulting, Midland, MI 48674 USA. [Christopher, John] Independent Consultant, Elk Grove, CA 95757 USA. [Conolly, Rory B.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Lewis, R. Jeffrey] ExxonMobil Biomed Sci, Annandale, NJ 08801 USA. [Paolini, Gregory M.] Risk Sci Int, Ottawa, ON K1N 7G2, Canada. [Schoeny, Rita] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Haber, Lynne T.; Dourson, Michael L.] Toxicol Excellence Risk Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45211 USA. [Rosenstein, Amy B.] Independent Consultant, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. RP Meek, MEB (reprint author), Univ Ottawa, McLaughlin Ctr Populat Hlth Risk Assessment, 1 Stewart St,Suite 309, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. EM bmeek@uottawa.ca; mbolger33@gmail.com; jbus@exponent.com; dr.tox@comcast.net; conolly.rory@epa.gov; r.jeffrey.lewis@exxonmobil.com; gpaoli@rislcsciences.com; Schoeny.Rita@epamail.gov; haber@tera.org; EnvRiskExpABR@aol.com; dourson@-tera.org FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The information in this document has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This paper reflects the views of the authors and does not necessarily represent views or policies of the employers of the non-Agency authors. These views should also not be construed to represent those of science panel members who are not listed as contributing authors. Nor should these views be construed to represent those of the project's 55 sponsors. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 66 IS 2 BP 234 EP 240 DI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2013.03.012 PG 7 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 167LB UT WOS:000320632400007 ER PT J AU Bhattacharya, I Yan, S Yadav, JSS Tyagi, RD Surampalli, RY AF Bhattacharya, Indrani Yan, Song Yadav, Jay Shankar Singh Tyagi, R. D. Surampalli, R. Y. TI Saccharomyces unisporus: Biotechnological Potential and Present Status SO COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND FOOD SAFETY LA English DT Review ID LACTIC-ACID BACTERIA; GENUS SACCHAROMYCES; SPOILAGE YEASTS; MILK PRODUCT; KEFIR GRAINS; FERMENTED VEGETABLES; TRADITIONAL KOUMISS; HORIZONTAL TRANSFER; CABRALES CHEESE; DAIRY-PRODUCTS AB The yeast species of the Saccharomyces genus have a long history of traditional applications and beneficial effects. Among these presence of the Saccharomyces unisporus has been documented in various dairy products and has become a subject of interest and great importance. S. unisporus has shown a significant role in the ripening of cheese and production of fermented milk products such as kefir and koumiss. The absence of pseudohyphae during the life cycle of S. unisporus is an indication of nonpathogenicity. Significance has been laid on the presence of S. unisporus in food-grade products and a close proximity of S. unisporus to S. florentinus and both of these species are accepted by the International Dairy Federation and the European Food and Feed Cultures Association for food and feed applications. Since over the years, S. unisporus has already become a part of various dairy products, S. unisporus can be considered as a potential candidate for generally regarded as safe status. S. unisporus has the capacity to convert ketoisophorone to levodione, which is an important pharmaceutical precursor. S. unisporus are considered as the potential producers of farnesol which eventually controls filamentation of pathogenic microorganisms. Apart from that, S. unisporus produces certain omega unsaturated fatty acids which combat diseases. Henceforth, the areas which S. unisporus can be possibly exploited for its useful intermediates are the enzymes and fatty acids it produces. In this context, this review attempts to describe and discuss the ubiquity of S. unisporus in food products, cellular composition, regulatory pathways, and its synthesis of fatty acids and enzymes. C1 [Bhattacharya, Indrani; Yan, Song; Yadav, Jay Shankar Singh; Tyagi, R. D.] Univ Quebec, Inst Natl Rech Sci, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), Univ Quebec, Inst Natl Rech Sci, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM Rd.tyagi@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [A4984, RDCPJ 379601] FX The authors are sincerely thankful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant A4984, RDCPJ 379601, Canada Research Chair) for financial support. The views and opinions expressed in this article are strictly those of the authors. NR 111 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1541-4337 J9 COMPR REV FOOD SCI F JI Compr. Rev. Food. Sci. Food Saf. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 12 IS 4 BP 353 EP 363 DI 10.1111/1541-4337.12016 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 162OF UT WOS:000320274000002 ER PT J AU Yokel, R Grulke, E MacPhail, R AF Yokel, Robert Grulke, Eric MacPhail, Robert TI Metal-based nanoparticle interactions with the nervous system: the challenge of brain entry and the risk of retention in the organism SO WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID IRON-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES; MICROVESSEL ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; CERIA-ENGINEERED NANOMATERIAL; COLLOIDAL GOLD NANOPARTICLES; CONVECTION-ENHANCED DELIVERY; HUMAN NEUROBLASTOMA-CELLS; BARRIER IN-VITRO; QUANTUM DOTS; MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES AB This review of metal-based nanoparticles focuses on factors influencing their distribution into the nervous system, evidence they enter brain parenchyma, and nervous system responses. Gold is emphasized as a model metal-based nanoparticle and for risk assessment in the companion review. The anatomy and physiology of the nervous system, basics of colloid chemistry, and environmental factors that influence what cells see are reviewed to provide background on the biological, physical-chemical, and internal milieu factors that influence nervous system nanoparticle uptake. The results of literature searches reveal little nanoparticle research included the nervous system, which about equally involved in vitro and in vivo methods, and very few human studies. The routes of uptake into the nervous system and mechanisms of nanoparticle uptake by cells are presented with examples. Brain nanoparticle uptake inversely correlates with size. The influence of shape has not been reported. Surface charge has not been clearly shown to affect flux across the blood-brain barrier. There is very little evidence for metal-based nanoparticle distribution into brain parenchyma. Metal-based nanoparticle disruption of the blood-brain barrier and adverse brain changes have been shown, and are more pronounced for spheres than rods. Study concentrations need to be put in exposure contexts. Work with dorsal root ganglion cells and brain cells in vitro show the potential for metal-based nanoparticles to produce toxicity. Interpretation of these results must consider the ability of nanoparticles to distribute across the barriers protecting the nervous system. Effects of the persistence of poorly soluble metal-based nanoparticles are of particular concern. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2013, 5:346-373. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1202 Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. Disclaimer: This manuscript has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website. C1 [Yokel, Robert; Grulke, Eric] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA. [MacPhail, Robert] US EPA, Div Neurotoxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Yokel, R (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA. EM ryokel@email.uky.edu NR 196 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 77 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1939-5116 EI 1939-0041 J9 WIRES NANOMED NANOBI JI Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.-Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 5 IS 4 BP 346 EP 373 DI 10.1002/wnan.1202 PG 28 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 164IV UT WOS:000320403500005 PM 23568784 ER PT J AU MacPhail, RC Grulke, EA Yokel, RA AF MacPhail, Robert C. Grulke, Eric A. Yokel, Robert A. TI Assessing nanoparticle risk poses prodigious challenges SO WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID RESEARCH STRATEGIES; SAFETY EVALUATION; ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS; NANOSCALE PARTICLES; PROTEIN CORONA; IN-VITRO; ENVIRONMENT; HEALTH; NANOTECHNOLOGY; TOXICITY AB Risk assessment is used both formally and informally to estimate the likelihood of an adverse event occurring, for example, as a consequence of exposure to a hazardous chemical, drug, or other agent. Formal risk assessments in government regulatory agencies have a long history of practice. The precision with which risk can be estimated is inevitably constrained, however, by uncertainties arising from the lack of pertinent data. Developing accurate risk assessments for nanoparticles and nanoparticle-containing products may present further challenges because of the unique properties of the particles, uncertainties about their composition and the populations exposed to them, and how these may change throughout the particle's life cycle. This review introduces the evolving practice of risk assessment followed by some of the uncertainties that need to be addressed to improve our understanding of nanoparticle risks. Given the clarion call for life-cycle assessments of nanoparticles, an unprecedented degree of national and international coordination between scientific organizations, regulatory agencies, and stakeholders will be required to achieve this goal. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2013, 5:374-387. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1216 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website. This article is a U.S. Government work, and as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America. Disclaimer: This manuscript has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. The approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. C1 [MacPhail, Robert C.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Grulke, Eric A.] Univ Kentucky, Coll Engn, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Lexington, KY USA. [Yokel, Robert A.] Univ Kentucky, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Lexington, KY USA. [Yokel, Robert A.] Univ Kentucky, Grad Ctr Toxicol, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. RP MacPhail, RC (reprint author), US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM drmacphail@gmail.com NR 75 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 50 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1939-5116 J9 WIRES NANOMED NANOBI JI Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.-Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 5 IS 4 BP 374 EP 387 DI 10.1002/wnan.1216 PG 14 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 164IV UT WOS:000320403500006 PM 23568806 ER PT J AU Russom, CL Bradbury, SP Broderius, SJ Hammermeister, DJ Drummond, RA Veith, GD AF Russom, Christine L. Bradbury, Steven P. Broderius, Steven J. Hammermeister, Dean J. Drummond, Robert A. Veith, Gilman D. TI PREDICTING MODES OF TOXIC ACTION FROM CHEMICAL STRUCTURE SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; INFORMATION C1 [Russom, Christine L.; Broderius, Steven J.; Hammermeister, Dean J.; Drummond, Robert A.; Veith, Gilman D.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN USA. [Bradbury, Steven P.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Off Chem Safety & Pollut Prevent, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Russom, CL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN USA. EM russom.chris@epa.gov NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 32 IS 7 BP 1441 EP 1442 DI 10.1002/etc.2249 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 157CU UT WOS:000319874100003 PM 23733666 ER PT J AU Burkhard, LP Mount, DR Highland, TL Hockett, JR Norberg-King, T Billa, N Hawthorne, SB Miller, DJ Grabanski, CB AF Burkhard, Lawrence P. Mount, David R. Highland, Terry L. Hockett, J. Russell Norberg-King, Teresa Billa, Nanditha Hawthorne, Steven B. Miller, David J. Grabanski, Carol B. TI evaluation of PCB bioaccumulation by Lumbriculus variegatus in field-collected sediments SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Sediment testing; bioaccumulation; Lumbriculus variegatus ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; ACTIVATED CARBON AMENDMENT; BLACK CARBON; ACCUMULATION FACTORS; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL; CONTAMINATED SEDIMENTS; EXTRACTION METHODS; ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; PASSIVE SAMPLERS; BIOAVAILABILITY AB Review of data from several contaminated sediment sites suggested that biota-sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) declined with increasing contaminant concentrations in the sediment. To evaluate the consistency and possible causes of this behavior, polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-contaminated sediment samples from the Hudson, Grasse, and Fox River Superfund sites were used in sediment bioaccumulation tests with the freshwater oligochaete, Lumbriculus variegatus, with PCB concentrations in interstitial water (IW) quantified using polyoxymethylene passive samplers. Measured BSAFs tended to decrease with increasing PCB concentration in sediment, especially for the more highly chlorinated congeners. Measures of partitioning between sediment, IW, and oligochaetes showed that measured sediment-IW partition coefficients (KTOC) tended to increase slightly with increasing sediment contamination, whereas the ratio of tissue PCB to IW PCB tended to decrease with increasing concentration in IW. Variation in accumulation among sediments was clearly influenced by bioavailability, as reflected by IW measurements, although the specific cause of varying KTOC was not clear. Calculated partitioning between IW and organism lipid (Klipid) indicated that accumulation was generally 5 to 10-fold higher than would be predicted if Klipid was approximately equal to the n-octanol-water partition coefficient (KOW). While affirming previous observations of decreasing BSAFs with increasing PCB contamination, the relatively shallow slope of the observed relationship in the current data may suggest that this concentration dependence is not a major uncertainty in sediment risk assessment, particularly if measurements of PCBs in IW are incorporated. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:1495-1503. (c) 2013 SETAC C1 [Burkhard, Lawrence P.; Mount, David R.; Highland, Terry L.; Hockett, J. Russell; Norberg-King, Teresa; Billa, Nanditha] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN USA. [Hawthorne, Steven B.; Miller, David J.; Grabanski, Carol B.] Univ N Dakota, Energy & Environm Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Burkhard, LP (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN USA. EM burkhard.lawrence@epa.gov NR 50 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 62 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 32 IS 7 BP 1495 EP 1503 DI 10.1002/etc.2207 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 157CU UT WOS:000319874100010 PM 23450771 ER PT J AU Miller, DH Tietge, JE McMaster, ME Munkittrick, KR Xia, XS Ankley, GT AF Miller, David H. Tietge, Joseph E. McMaster, Mark E. Munkittrick, Kelly R. Xia, Xiangsheng Ankley, Gerald T. TI Assessment of status of white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) populations exposed to bleached kraft pulp mill effluent SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE White sucker; Pulp mill effluent; Population model; Density dependence ID MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; ECOLOGICAL RISK-ASSESSMENT; LIFE-HISTORY STRATEGIES; FATHEAD MINNOW; STEROID-LEVELS; MFO ACTIVITY; REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY; FISH POPULATIONS; LAKE-SUPERIOR; LEVEL AB Credible ecological risk assessments often need to include analysis of population-level impacts. In the present study, a predictive model was developed to investigate population dynamics for white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) exposed to pulp mill effluent at a well-studied site in Jackfish Bay, Lake Superior, Canada. The model uniquely combines a Leslie population projection matrix and the logistic equation to translate changes in the fecundity and the age structure of a breeding population of white sucker exposed to pulp mill effluent to alterations in population growth rate. Application of this density-dependent population projection model requires construction of a life table for the organism of interest, a measure of carrying capacity, and an estimation of the effect of stressors on vital rates. A white sucker population existing at carrying capacity and subsequently exposed to pulp mill effluent equivalent to a documented exposure experienced during the period 1988 to 1994 in Jackfish Bay would be expected to exhibit a 34% to 51% annual decrease in recruitment during the first 5 yr of exposure and approach a population size of 71% of carrying capacity. The Jackfish Bay study site contains monitoring data for biochemical endpoints in white sucker, including circulating sex steroid concentrations, that could be combined with population modeling to utilize the model demonstrated at the Jackfish Bay study site for investigation of other white sucker populations at sites that are less data-rich. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:1592-1603. (c) 2013 SETAC C1 [Miller, David H.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Grosse Ile, MI USA. [Tietge, Joseph E.; Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. [McMaster, Mark E.] Environm Canada, Aquat Contaminants Res Div, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada. [Munkittrick, Kelly R.] Univ New Brunswick, Canadian Rivers Inst, St John, NB E2L 4L5, Canada. [Munkittrick, Kelly R.] Univ New Brunswick, Dept Biol, St John, NB E2L 4L5, Canada. RP Miller, DH (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Grosse Ile, MI USA. EM miller.davidh@epa.gov RI Munkittrick, Kelly/B-1462-2014 FU Great Lakes Restoration Initiative coordinated through the USEPA Great Lakes National Program Office; Environment Canada; Department of Fisheries and Oceans; Ontario Ministry of the Environment FX We thank M. Etterson, US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Mid-Continent Ecology Division, for a valuable review of the manuscript. The present work was supported, in part, through the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative coordinated through the USEPA Great Lakes National Program Office. This study has been supported over the years by a wide variety of funding agencies, graduate students, and technicians including Environment Canada, the Department of Fisheries and Oceans, and the Ontario Ministry of the Environment. NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 35 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 32 IS 7 BP 1592 EP 1603 DI 10.1002/etc.2218 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 157CU UT WOS:000319874100020 PM 23504660 ER PT J AU Nichols, JW Huggett, DB Arnot, JA Fitzsimmons, PN Cowan-Ellsberry, CE AF Nichols, John W. Huggett, Duane B. Arnot, Jon A. Fitzsimmons, Patrick N. Cowan-Ellsberry, Christina E. TI Toward improved models for predicting bioconcentration of well-metabolized compounds by rainbow trout using measured rates of in vitro intrinsic clearance SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Bioaccumulation; Bioconcentration; Biotransformation; In vitro-in vivo extrapolation; Fish ID FRESHLY ISOLATED HEPATOCYTES; ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; BIOACCUMULATION ASSESSMENT; BIOTRANSFORMATION RATES; NONSPECIFIC-BINDING; PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION; VIVO EXTRAPOLATION AB Models were developed to predict the bioconcentration of well-metabolized chemicals by rainbow trout. The models employ intrinsic clearance data from in vitro studies with liver S9 fractions or isolated hepatocytes to estimate a liver clearance rate, which is extrapolated to a whole-body biotransformation rate constant (kMET). Estimated kMET values are then used as inputs to a mass-balance bioconcentration prediction model. An updated algorithm based on measured binding values in trout is used to predict unbound chemical fractions in blood, while other model parameters are designed to be representative of small fish typically used in whole-animal bioconcentration testing efforts. Overall model behavior was shown to be strongly dependent on the relative hydrophobicity of the test compound and assumed rate of in vitro activity. The results of a restricted sensitivity analysis highlight critical research needs and provide guidance on the use of in vitro biotransformation data in a tiered approach to bioaccumulation assessment. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:1611-1622. (c) 2013 SETAC C1 [Nichols, John W.; Fitzsimmons, Patrick N.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. [Huggett, Duane B.] Univ N Texas, Dept Biol Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Arnot, Jon A.] Univ Toronto Scarborough, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Arnot, Jon A.] Arnot Res & Consulting, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Cowan-Ellsberry, Christina E.] CE2Consulting, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Nichols, JW (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. EM nichols.john@epa.gov FU Cefic-LRI ECO 15 FX We acknowledge intellectual contributions provided by members of the Health and Environmental Sciences Institute (HESI) Bioaccumulation Workgroup and the Society for Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Bioaccumulation Advisory Group during numerous discussions. Constructive reviews of the manuscript were provided by L. Burkhard and M. Bonnell. J. Arnot acknowledges Cefic-LRIECO 15 for funding support. NR 57 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 48 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 32 IS 7 BP 1611 EP 1622 DI 10.1002/etc.2219 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 157CU UT WOS:000319874100022 PM 23504707 ER PT J AU Chang, NB Xuan, ZM Yang, YJ AF Chang, Ni-Bin Xuan, Zhemin Yang, Y. Jeffrey TI Exploring spatiotemporal patterns of phosphorus concentrations in a coastal bay with MODIS images and machine learning models SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Remote sensing; Coastal bay; Nutrient monitoring; MODIS; Genetic programming ID CHLOROPHYLL-A ESTIMATION; THEMATIC MAPPER DATA; OCEAN COLOR; SATELLITE DATA; TROPHIC STATE; WATERS; SEA; QUANTIFICATION; ALGORITHMS; FINLAND AB This paper explores the spatiotemporal patterns of total phosphorus (TP) in Tampa Bay (Bay), Florida, with the aid of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images and genetic programming (GP) models. The study was designed to link TP concentrations with relevant water quality parameters and remote sensing reflectance bands in aquatic environments using in-situ data from a local database to support the calibration and validation of the GP model. The GP models show the effective capacity to demonstrate snapshots of spatiotemporal distributions of TP across the Bay, which helps to delineate the short-term seasonality effects and the decadal trends of TP in an environmentally sensitive coastal bay area. In the past decade, urban development and agricultural activities in the Bay area have substantially increased the use of fertilizers. Landfall hurricanes, including Frances and Jeanne in 2004 and Wilma in 2005, followed by continuous droughts from 2006 to 2008 in South Florida, made the Bay area an ideal place for a remote sensing impact assessment. A changing hydrological cycle, triggered by climate variations, exhibited unique regional patterns of varying TP waste loads into the Bay over different time scales ranging from seasons to years. With the aid of the derived GP model in this study, we were able to explore these multiple spatiotemporal distributions of TP concentrations in the Tampa Bay area aquatic environment and to elucidate these coupled dynamic impacts induced by both natural hazards and anthropogenic perturbations. This advancement enables us to identify the hot moments and hot spots of TP concentrations in the Tampa Bay region. (c) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Chang, Ni-Bin; Xuan, Zhemin] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Yang, Y. Jeffrey] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Chang, NB (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM nchang@mail.ucf.edu RI Xuan, Zhemin /I-9449-2012 FU U.S. EPA National Risk Management Research Laboratory; US EPA Water Resources Adaptation Program (WRAP) through EPA contract [EP-C-05-056] FX The financial and administrative support from the U.S. EPA National Risk Management Research Laboratory is gratefully acknowledged. This study is part of US EPA Water Resources Adaptation Program (WRAP) funded through EPA contract EP-C-05-056. The manuscript has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency; therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 41 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 134 BP 100 EP 110 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2013.03.002 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 148GS UT WOS:000319233200008 ER PT J AU Barnes, BB Hu, C Schaeffer, BA Lee, Z Palandro, DA Lehrter, JC AF Barnes, Brian B. Hu, Chuanmin Schaeffer, Blake A. Lee, Zhongping Palandro, David A. Lehrter, John C. TI MODIS-derived spatiotemporal water clarity patterns in optically shallow Florida Keys waters: A new approach to remove bottom contamination SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Ocean color; Optically shallow water; Water clarity ID NATIONAL-MARINE-SANCTUARY; CORAL-REEF; ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION; NUTRIENT ENRICHMENT; TIDAL CHANNELS; RESOLUTION; REFLECTANCE; ATTENUATION; TEMPERATURE; VARIABILITY AB Retrievals of water quality parameters from satellite measurements over optically shallow waters have been problematic due to bottom contamination of the signals. As a result, large errors are associated with derived water column properties. These deficiencies greatly reduce the ability to use satellites to assess the shallow water environments around coral reefs and seagrass beds. Here, a modified version of an existing algorithm is used to derive multispectral diffuse attenuation coefficient (K-d) from MODIS/Aqua measurements over optically shallow waters in the Florida Keys. Results were validated against concurrent in situ data (K-d(488) from 0.02 to 0.20 m(-1), N = 22, R-2 = 0.68, Mean Ratio = 0.93, unbiased RMS = 31%), and showed significant improvement over current products when compared to the same in situ data (N = 13, R-2 = 037, Mean Ratio = 1.61, unbiased RMS = 50%). The modified algorithm was then applied to time series of MODIS/Aqua data over the Florida Keys (in particular, the Florida Keys Reef Tract), whereby spatial and temporal patterns of water clarity between 2002 and 2011 were elucidated. Climatologies, time series, anomaly images, and empirical orthogonal function analysis showed primarily nearshore-offshore gradients in water clarity and its variability, with peaks in both at the major channels draining Florida Bay. ANOVA revealed significant differences in K-d(488) according to distance from shore and geographic region. Excluding the Dry Tortugas, which had the lowest climatological K-d(488), water was clearest at the northern extent of the Reef Tract, and K-d(488) significantly decreased sequentially for every region along the tract. Tests over other shallow-water tropical waters such as the Belize Barrier Reef also suggested general applicability of the algorithm. As water clarity and light availability on the ocean bottom are key environmental parameters in determining the health of shallow-water plants and animals, the validated new products provide unprecedented information for assessing and monitoring of coral reef and seagrass health, and could further assist ongoing regional zoning efforts. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Barnes, Brian B.; Hu, Chuanmin] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. [Schaeffer, Blake A.; Lehrter, John C.] United States Environm Protect Agcy, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL USA. [Lee, Zhongping] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Environm, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Palandro, David A.] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, St Petersburg, FL USA. [Palandro, David A.] Exxon Mobil Upstream Res Co, Houston, TX USA. RP Barnes, BB (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, 140 7th Ave South, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. EM bbarnes4@mail.usf.edu FU U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX This work was supported by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration through its Decision Support program, Gulf of Mexico program, Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry program, and Water and Energy Cycle program. The authors wish to thank Caiyun Zhang (Xiamen University, China) for providing the EOF routines and Gary Mitchum (University of South Florida) for assistance in EOF and harmonic oscillation analyses, as well as the anonymous reviewers whose comments helped to greatly improve this work. Coastline shape files were acquired from the NOAA National Geophysical Data Center (Wessel & Smith, 1996) and the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. NR 82 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 55 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 134 BP 377 EP 391 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2013.03.016 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 148GS UT WOS:000319233200029 ER PT J AU Perobelli, JE Patrao, MTCC Fernandez, CDB Sanabria, M Klinefelter, GR Avellar, MCW Kempinas, WDG AF Perobelli, Juliana E. Patrao, Marilia T. C. C. Fernandez, Carla D. B. Sanabria, Marciana Klinefelter, Gary R. Avellar, Maria Christina W. Kempinas, Wilma D. G. TI Androgen deprivation from pre-puberty to peripuberty interferes in proteins expression in pubertal and adult rat epididymis SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Antiandrogen; Rat; Epididymis; Peripuberty; Protein expression ID EFFERENT DUCT LIGATION; RECEPTOR EXPRESSION; FERTILITY; EXPOSURE; SPERM; ORCHIDECTOMY; CASTRATION AB Few studies have focused on experimental testosterone deprivation in immature animals. Therefore, this study used sexually immature rats aiming to evaluate the testes and epididymis histology and proteins expression in these organs on PND50 and 75, after premature antiandrogen exposure, from PND21 to 44. Although the androgen deprivation from pre-puberty up to peripuberty did not alter the histological organization of the testes and epididymis either at puberty or at adulthood, the treatment impaired the expression of specific proteins in epididymal tissue at puberty and adulthood (androgen receptor, calmodulin, Rab11A). These changes may be related to impaired epididymal function, sperm quality and fertility capacity as observed in a previous study. Further studies are necessary to better investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in the impairment on reproductive competence of male rats after precocious hormonal injury. (c) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Perobelli, Juliana E.] Univ Campinas UNICAMP, Inst Biol, Grad Program Cellular & Struct Biol, Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Perobelli, Juliana E.; Fernandez, Carla D. B.; Kempinas, Wilma D. G.] UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biosci, Dept Morphol, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Patrao, Marilia T. C. C.] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, INFAR, Sect Expt Endocrinol,Dept Pharmacol, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Sanabria, Marciana] UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biosci, Grad Program Gen & Appl Biol, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Klinefelter, Gary R.] United States Environm Protect Agcy, Toxicol Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Reprod Toxicol Branch, Washington, DC USA. RP Perobelli, JE (reprint author), UNESP, Dept Morfol, Inst Biociencias, Caixa Postal 510, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. EM jperobelli@gmail.com RI Avellar, Maria Christina W./E-2865-2013; PEROBELLI, JULIANA/D-5722-2012 OI Avellar, Maria Christina W./0000-0003-4392-7554; FU State of Sao Paulo Research Foundation [FAPESP 07/59079-4]; National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [501339/2010-8, 304958/2009-3] FX Authors are grateful to the State of Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP 07/59079-4) and the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, process numbers: 501339/2010-8; 304958/2009-3) for their financial support. We are also grateful to Dr. Janete Aparecida Anselmo Franci and Dr. Ruither de Oliveira Gomes Carolino for the hormonal dosages. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 38 BP 65 EP 71 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2013.03.004 PG 7 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA 152MG UT WOS:000319535200007 PM 23541399 ER PT J AU Raun, L Pepple, K Hoyt, D Richner, D Blanco, A Li, J AF Raun, Loren Pepple, Karl Hoyt, Daniel Richner, Donald Blanco, Arturo Li, Jiao TI Unanticipated potential cancer risk near metal recycling facilities SO ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Metal particulates; Air pollution; Health risk; Area source; Metal recycler; Neighborhood ID PARTICLE COMPOSITION; PM2.5 AB Metal recycling is an important growing industry. Prior to this study, area sources consisting of metal recycling facilities fell in a category of limited regulatory scrutiny because of assumed low levels of annual emissions. Initiating with community complaints of nuisance from smoke, dust and odor, the Houston Department of Health and Human Services (HDHHS) began a monitoring program outside metal recycler facilities and found metal particulates in outdoor ambient air at levels which could pose a carcinogenic human health risk. In a study of five similar metal recycler facilities which used a torch cutting process, air downwind and outside the facility was sampled for eight hours between 6 and 10 times each over 18 months using a mobile laboratory. Ten background locations were also sampled. Iron, manganese, copper, chromium, nickel, lead, cobalt, cadmium and mercury were detected downwind of the metal recyclers at frequencies ranging from 100% of the time for iron to 2% of the time for mercury. Of these metals, chromium, nickel, lead, cobalt, cadmium and mercury were not detected in any sample in the background. Two pairs of samples were analyzed for total chromium and hexavalent chromium to establish a ratio of the fraction of hexavalent chromium in total chromium. This fraction was used to estimate hexavalent chromium at all locations. The carcinogenic risk posed to a residential receptor from metal particulate matter concentrations in the ambient air attributed to the metal recyclers was estimated from each of the five facilities in an effort to rank the importance of this source and inform the need for further investigation. The total risk from these area sources ranged from an increased cancer risk of 1 in 1,000,000 to 6 in 10,000 using the 95th upper confidence limit of the mean of the carcinogenic metal particulate matter concentration, assuming the point of the exposure is the sample location for a residential receptor after accounting for wind direction and the number of shifts that could operate a year. Further study is warranted to better understand the metal air pollution levels in the community and if necessary, to evaluate the feasibility of emission controls and identify operational improvements and best management practices for this industry. This research adds two new aspects to the literature: identification of types and magnitude of metal particulate matter air pollutants associated with a previously unrecognized area source, metal recyclers and their potential risk to health. (c) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Raun, Loren] Rice Univ, Dept Stat, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Pepple, Karl] US EPA, State & Local Programs Grp, Air Qual Policy Div, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand Policy Anal & Commu, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hoyt, Daniel] US EPA, Air Surveillance Sect, Dallas, TX 75202 USA. [Richner, Donald] Houston Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bur Pollut Control & Prevent, Houston, TX 77087 USA. [Blanco, Arturo] Houston Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Environm Hlth, Houston, TX 77087 USA. [Li, Jiao] Rice Univ, Wiess Sch Nat Sci, Houston, TX 77005 USA. RP Raun, L (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Stat, MS 138,POB 1892, Houston, TX 77251 USA. EM raun@rice.edu; pepple.karl@epa.gov; hoyt.daniel@epa.gov; Donald.Richner@houstontx.gov; arturo.blanco@houstontx.gov; jiao.li@rice.edu NR 24 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0195-9255 J9 ENVIRON IMPACT ASSES JI Environ. Impact Assess. Rev. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 41 BP 70 EP 77 DI 10.1016/j.eiar.2013.03.001 PG 8 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 144SZ UT WOS:000318962000009 ER PT J AU Lingaraju, BP Lee, JY Yang, YJ AF Lingaraju, Bala P. Lee, Joo-Youp Yang, Y. Jeffrey TI Process and utility water requirements for cellulosic ethanol production processes via fermentation pathway SO ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY LA English DT Article DE cellulosic ethanol; water quantity and quality; wastewater treatment for cellulosic ethanol production ID BIOFUELS; BIOMASS AB In this study, the process and utility water requirements for cellulosic ethanol production via fermentation pathway were assessed on a volume-to-volume basis (i.e., gallons of water consumption per gallon of ethanol production) using the data reported in the literature. The water requirements were analyzed for a combination of three feedstocks (i.e., hardwood, corn stover, and switchgrass) and two pretreatment technologies (i.e., dilute acid and ammonia fiber expansion) under different water network configurations aiming for zero wastewater discharge. The results indicate that the process water requirement is significantly dependent on the selection of a pretreatment process and a feedstock, while the effective design and operation of a cooling tower offers an opportunity for saving utility water. (c) 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 32: 396-405, 2013 C1 [Lingaraju, Bala P.; Lee, Joo-Youp] Univ Cincinnati, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Chem Engn Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Yang, Y. Jeffrey] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Lee, JY (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Chem Engn Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM joo.lee@uc.edu FU US Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX The US Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed, or partially funded and collaborated in, the research described herein. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Conclusions presented in this article are those of the authors, do not necessarily represent and shall not be interpreted to represent the position of US EPA. Citation and discussion of commercial processes and products are presented for technical purpose of the paper, and shall not be interpreted as endorsement of the products or services by the Agency. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 48 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1944-7442 J9 ENVIRON PROG SUSTAIN JI Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy PD JUL PY 2013 VL 32 IS 2 BP 396 EP 405 DI 10.1002/ep.11604 PG 10 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Industrial; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 129OT UT WOS:000317851600032 ER PT J AU Zhang, XL Yan, S Tyagi, RD Surampalli, RY AF Zhang, Xiaolei Yan, Song Tyagi, Rajeshwar D. Surampalli, Rao Y. TI Energy balance and greenhouse gas emissions of biodiesel production from oil derived from wastewater and wastewater sludge SO RENEWABLE ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Biodiesel; Wastewater sludge; Microbial oil; Energy balance; Greenhouse gas emissions ID NET ENERGY; LIFE-CYCLE; PALM OIL; SUSTAINABILITY CRITERIA; RAPE SEED; FLUE-GAS; MICROALGAE; BIOFUELS; MICROORGANISMS; TEMPERATURE AB It has been recognized that oils derived from microorganism and wastewater sludge are comparable replacements of traditional biodiesel production feedstock, which is energy intensive and costly. Energy balance and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are essential factors to assess the feasibility of the production. This study evaluated the energy balance and GHG emissions of biodiesel production from microbial and wastewater sludge oil. The results show that energy balance and GHG emissions of biodiesel produced from microbial oil are significantly impacted by the cultivation methods and carbon source. For phototrophic microorganism (microalgae), open pond system gives 3.6 GJ higher energy gain than photo bioreactor system in per tonne biodiesel produced. For heterotrophic microorganisms, the energy balance depends on the type of carbon source. Three carbon sources including starch, cellulose, and starch industry wastewater (SIW) used in this study showed that utilization of SW as carbon source provided the most favorable energy balance. When oil extracted from municipal sludge is used for biodiesel production, the energy gain is up to 29.7 GJ per tonne biodiesel produced, which is higher than the energy gain per tonne of biodiesel produced from SIW cultivated microbes. GHG emissions study shows that biodiesel production from microbes or sludge oil is a net carbon dioxide capture process except when starch is used as raw material for microbial oil production, and the highest capture is around 40 tonnes carbon dioxide per tonne of biodiesel produced. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Xiaolei; Yan, Song; Tyagi, Rajeshwar D.] INRS Eau, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Surampalli, Rao Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), INRS Eau, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM rd.tyagi@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [A 4984, STPGP 412994-11] FX Sincere thanks are due to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant A 4984, Strategic Grant-STPGP 412994-11, Canada Research Chair) for their financial support. The views and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors. NR 50 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 143 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-1481 J9 RENEW ENERG JI Renew. Energy PD JUL PY 2013 VL 55 BP 392 EP 403 DI 10.1016/j.renene.2012.12.046 PG 12 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels GA 111QN UT WOS:000316535900044 ER PT J AU Coffield, DJ Spagnuolo, AM Shillor, M Mema, E Pell, B Pruzinsky, A Zetye, A AF Coffield, Daniel J., Jr. Spagnuolo, Anna Maria Shillor, Meir Mema, Ensela Pell, Bruce Pruzinsky, Amanda Zetye, Alexandra TI A Model for Chagas Disease with Oral and Congenital Transmission SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI INFECTION; TRIATOMA-INFESTANS HEMIPTERA; CONTACT PROCESS SATURATION; AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS; SYLVATIC TRANSMISSION; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; RHODNIUS-PROLIXUS; YUCATAN PENINSULA; LATIN-AMERICA; VECTOR AB This work presents a new mathematical model for the domestic transmission of Chagas disease, a parasitic disease affecting humans and other mammals throughout Central and South America. The model takes into account congenital transmission in both humans and domestic mammals as well as oral transmission in domestic mammals. The model has time-dependent coefficients to account for seasonality and consists of four nonlinear differential equations, one of which has a delay, for the populations of vectors, infected vectors, infected humans, and infected mammals in the domestic setting. Computer simulations show that congenital transmission has a modest effect on infection while oral transmission in domestic mammals substantially contributes to the spread of the disease. In particular, oral transmission provides an alternative to vector biting as an infection route for the domestic mammals, who are key to the infection cycle. This may lead to high infection rates in domestic mammals even when the vectors have a low preference for biting them, and ultimately results in high infection levels in humans. C1 [Coffield, Daniel J., Jr.] Univ Michigan, Dept Math, Flint, MI 48503 USA. [Spagnuolo, Anna Maria; Shillor, Meir; Zetye, Alexandra] Oakland Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Rochester, MI 48063 USA. [Mema, Ensela] New Jerseys Sci & Technol Univ, Dept Math Sci, Newark, NJ USA. [Pell, Bruce] Arizona State Univ, Sch Math & Stat Sci, Tempe, AZ USA. [Pruzinsky, Amanda] US EPA, Chesapeake Res Consortium, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, Annapolis, MD USA. RP Spagnuolo, AM (reprint author), Oakland Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Rochester, MI 48063 USA. EM spagnuol@oakland.edu OI Spagnuolo, Anna/0000-0003-3039-0970 FU National Science Foundation REU Grant [DMS 0649099] FX National Science Foundation REU Grant DMS 0649099 (www.nsf.gov). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 38 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 15 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 28 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 6 AR e67267 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0067267 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 174IH UT WOS:000321148400052 PM 23840647 ER PT J AU Chan, AWH Isaacman, G Wilson, KR Worton, DR Ruehl, CR Nah, T Gentner, DR Dallmann, TR Kirchstetter, TW Harley, RA Gilman, JB Kuster, WC deGouw, JA Offenberg, JH Kleindienst, TE Lin, YH Rubitschun, CL Surratt, JD Hayes, PL Jimenez, JL Goldstein, AH AF Chan, Arthur W. H. Isaacman, Gabriel Wilson, Kevin R. Worton, David R. Ruehl, Christopher R. Nah, Theodora Gentner, Drew R. Dallmann, Timothy R. Kirchstetter, Thomas W. Harley, Robert A. Gilman, Jessica B. Kuster, William C. deGouw, Joost A. Offenberg, John H. Kleindienst, Tadeusz E. Lin, Ying H. Rubitschun, Caitlin L. Surratt, Jason D. Hayes, Patrick L. Jimenez, Jose L. Goldstein, Allen H. TI Detailed chemical characterization of unresolved complex mixtures in atmospheric organics: Insights into emission sources, atmospheric processing, and secondary organic aerosol formation SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE semivolatile organic compounds; secondary organic aerosol; urban emissions; unresolved complex mixture; gas chromatography mass spectrometry ID 2-DIMENSIONAL GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; AIR-POLLUTION SOURCES; DUTY DIESEL TRUCKS; MASS-SPECTROMETER; VOLATILITY DISTRIBUTION; N-ALKANES; SEMIVOLATILE; HYDROCARBONS; EVOLUTION; PHOTOOXIDATION AB Recent studies suggest that semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) are important precursors to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in urban atmospheres. However, knowledge of the chemical composition of SVOCs is limited by current analytical techniques, which are typically unable to resolve a large number of constitutional isomers. Using a combination of gas chromatography and soft photoionization mass spectrometry, we characterize the unresolved complex mixture (UCM) of semivolatile aliphatic hydrocarbons observed in Pasadena, California (similar to 16km NE of downtown Los Angeles), and Bakersfield, California, during the California Research at the Nexus of Air Quality and Climate Change 2010. To the authors' knowledge, this work represents the most detailed characterization of the UCM in atmospheric samples to date. Knowledge of molecular structures, including carbon number, alkyl branching, and number of rings, provides important constraints on the rate of atmospheric processing, as the relative amounts of branched and linear alkanes are shown to be a function of integrated exposure to hydroxyl radicals. Emissions of semivolatile branched alkanes from fossil fuel-related sources are up to an order of magnitude higher than those of linear alkanes, and the gas-phase OH rate constants of branched alkanes are similar to 30% higher than their linear isomers. Based on a box model considering gas/particle partitioning, emissions, and reaction rates, semivolatile branched alkanes are expected to play a more important role than linear alkanes in the photooxidation of the UCM and subsequent transformations into SOA. Detailed speciation of semivolatile compounds therefore provides essential understanding of SOA sources and formation processes in urban areas. C1 [Chan, Arthur W. H.; Isaacman, Gabriel; Worton, David R.; Ruehl, Christopher R.; Goldstein, Allen H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chan, Arthur W. H.] Univ Toronto, Dept Chem Engn & Appl Chem, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada. [Wilson, Kevin R.; Ruehl, Christopher R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Worton, David R.] Aerosol Dynam Inc, Berkeley, CA USA. [Nah, Theodora] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gentner, Drew R.; Dallmann, Timothy R.; Kirchstetter, Thomas W.; Harley, Robert A.; Goldstein, Allen H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kirchstetter, Thomas W.; Harley, Robert A.; Goldstein, Allen H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gilman, Jessica B.; deGouw, Joost A.; Hayes, Patrick L.; Jimenez, Jose L.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Gilman, Jessica B.; Kuster, William C.; deGouw, Joost A.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO USA. [Offenberg, John H.; Kleindienst, Tadeusz E.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Lin, Ying H.; Rubitschun, Caitlin L.; Surratt, Jason D.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Hayes, Patrick L.; Jimenez, Jose L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Chan, AWH (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Chem Engn & Appl Chem, 200 Coll St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada. EM arthurwh.chan@utoronto.ca RI Isaacman-VanWertz, Gabriel/I-5590-2014; de Gouw, Joost/A-9675-2008; Harley, Robert/C-9177-2016; Lin, Ying-Hsuan/J-4023-2014; Gilman, Jessica/E-7751-2010; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; Jimenez, Jose/A-5294-2008; Offenberg, John/C-3787-2009; Worton, David/A-8374-2012; Goldstein, Allen/A-6857-2011; Kuster, William/E-7421-2010; Surratt, Jason/D-3611-2009; Chan, Arthur/I-2233-2013; OI Isaacman-VanWertz, Gabriel/0000-0002-3717-4798; de Gouw, Joost/0000-0002-0385-1826; Harley, Robert/0000-0002-0559-1917; Lin, Ying-Hsuan/0000-0001-8904-1287; Gilman, Jessica/0000-0002-7899-9948; Jimenez, Jose/0000-0001-6203-1847; Offenberg, John/0000-0002-0213-4024; Worton, David/0000-0002-6558-5586; Goldstein, Allen/0000-0003-4014-4896; Kuster, William/0000-0002-8788-8588; Surratt, Jason/0000-0002-6833-1450; Chan, Arthur/0000-0001-7392-4237; Dallmann, Timothy/0000-0002-6520-7796 FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NA10OAR4310104]; Office of Energy Research, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; EPA grant [RD834553]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP-D-10-070]; CARB [08-319/11-305]; DOE (BER/ASR) [DE-SC0006035]; CIRES Visiting Fellowship FX This research was supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under award NA10OAR4310104. The Advanced Light Source as well as K.R.W. and T.N. were supported by the Director, Office of Energy Research, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. Measurements at the Advanced Light Source were also supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. Caldecott tunnel measurements were supported by EPA grant RD834553. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and collaborated in the research described here under contract EP-D-10-070 to Alion Science and Technology. The manuscript has been subjected to external peer review and has been cleared for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. P.L.H. and J.L.J. thank CARB 08-319/11-305, DOE (BER/ASR) DE-SC0006035, and a CIRES Visiting Fellowship to P.L.H. The authors would like to thank Sally Newman for use of temperature data. NR 47 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 6 U2 80 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUN 27 PY 2013 VL 118 IS 12 BP 6783 EP 6796 DI 10.1002/jgrd.50533 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 187OY UT WOS:000322129600065 ER PT J AU Ghio, AJ Dailey, LA Soukup, JM Stonehuerner, J Richards, JH Devlin, RB AF Ghio, Andrew J. Dailey, Lisa A. Soukup, Joleen M. Stonehuerner, Jacqueline Richards, Judy H. Devlin, Robert B. TI Growth of human bronchial epithelial cells at an air-liquid interface alters the response to particle exposure SO PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cell differentiation; Air pollution; Particulate matter; Anoxia ID HEME OXYGENASE; MUCOCILIARY DIFFERENTIATION; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; POLLUTION PARTICLES; LUNG INJURY; HYPOXIA; EXPRESSION; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; INNATE; INFLAMMATION AB Background: We tested the hypothesis that normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells 1) grown submerged in media and 2) allowed to differentiate at air-liquid interface (ALI) demonstrate disparities in the response to particle exposure. Results: Following exposure of submerged NHBE cells to ambient air pollution particle collected in Chapel Hill, NC, RNA for IL-8, IL-6, heme oxygenase 1 (HOX1) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) increased. The same cells allowed to differentiate over 3, 10, and 21 days at ALI demonstrated no such changes following particle exposure. Similarly, BEAS-2B cells grown submerged in media demonstrated a significant increase in IL-8 and HOX1 RNA after exposure to NIST 1648 particle relative to the same cells exposed after growth at ALI. Subsequently, it was not possible to attribute the observed decreases in the response of NHBE cells to differentiation alone since BEAS-2B cells, which do not differentiate, showed similar changes when grown at ALI. With no exposure to particles, differentiation of NHBE cells at ALI over 3 to 21 days demonstrated significant decrements in baseline levels of RNA for the same proteins (i.e. IL-8, IL-6, HOX1, and COX2). With no exposure to particles, BEAS-2B cells grown at ALI showed comparable changes in RNA for IL-8 and HOX1. After the same particle exposure, NHBE cells grown at ALI on a transwell in 95% N-2-5% CO2 and exposed to NIST 1648 particle demonstrated significantly greater changes in IL-8 and HOX1 relative to cells grown in 95% air-5% CO2. Conclusions: We conclude that growth of NHBE cells at ALI is associated with a diminished biological effect following particle exposure relative to cells submerged in media. This decreased response showed an association with increased oxygen availability. C1 [Ghio, Andrew J.; Dailey, Lisa A.; Soukup, Joleen M.; Stonehuerner, Jacqueline; Richards, Judy H.; Devlin, Robert B.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ghio, Andrew J.] US EPA, Human Studies Facil, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Ghio, AJ (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM ghio.andy@epa.gov NR 26 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 17 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-8977 J9 PART FIBRE TOXICOL JI Part. Fibre Toxicol. PD JUN 26 PY 2013 VL 10 AR 25 DI 10.1186/1743-8977-10-25 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 206TL UT WOS:000323545700001 PM 23800224 ER PT J AU Flynn, TM Sanford, RA Ryu, H Bethke, CM Levine, AD Ashbolt, NJ Domingo, JWS AF Flynn, Theodore M. Sanford, Robert A. Ryu, Hodon Bethke, Craig M. Levine, Audrey D. Ashbolt, Nicholas J. Domingo, Jorge W. Santo TI Functional microbial diversity explains groundwater chemistry in a pristine aquifer SO BMC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANAEROBIC METHANE OXIDATION; SULFATE REDUCTION; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSES; REDUCING BACTERIA; CRETACEOUS ROCK; BEDROCK VALLEY; SUBSURFACE; SEDIMENTS; SEQUENCE; SYSTEMS AB Background: The diverse microbial populations that inhabit pristine aquifers are known to catalyze critical in situ biogeochemical reactions, yet little is known about how the structure and diversity of this subsurface community correlates with and impacts upon groundwater chemistry. Herein we examine 8,786 bacterial and 8,166 archaeal 16S rRNA gene sequences from an array of monitoring wells in the Mahomet aquifer of east-central Illinois. Using multivariate statistical analyses we provide a comparative analysis of the relationship between groundwater chemistry and the microbial communities attached to aquifer sediment along with those suspended in groundwater. Results: Statistical analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed a clear distinction between attached and suspended communities; with iron-reducing bacteria far more abundant in attached samples than suspended, while archaeal clones related to groups associated with anaerobic methane oxidation and deep subsurface gold mines (ANME-2D and SAGMEG-1, respectively) distinguished the suspended community from the attached. Within the attached bacterial community, cloned sequences most closely related to the sulfate-reducing Desulfobacter and Desulfobulbus genera represented 20% of the bacterial community in wells where the concentration of sulfate in groundwater was high (> 0.2 mM), compared to only 3% in wells with less sulfate. Sequences related to the genus Geobacter, a genus containing ferric-iron reducers, were of nearly equal abundance (15%) to the sulfate reducers under high sulfate conditions, however their relative abundance increased to 34% when sulfate concentrations were < 0.03 mM. Also, in areas where sulfate concentrations were < 0.03 mM, archaeal 16S rRNA gene sequences similar to those found in methanogens such as Methanosarcina and Methanosaeta comprised 73-80% of the community, and dissolved CH4 ranged between 220 and 1240 mu M in these groundwaters. In contrast, methanogens (and their product, CH4) were nearly absent in samples collected from groundwater samples with > 0.2 mM sulfate. In the suspended fraction of wells where the concentration of sulfate was between 0.03 and 0.2 mM, the archaeal community was dominated by sequences most closely related to the ANME-2D, a group of archaea known for anaerobically oxidizing methane. Based on available energy (Delta G(A)) estimations, results varied little for both sulfate reduction and methanogenesis throughout all wells studied, but could favor anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) in wells containing minimal sulfate and dihydrogen, suggesting AOM coupled with H-2-oxidizing organisms such as sulfate or iron reducers could be an important pathway occurring in the Mahomet aquifer. Conclusions: Overall, the results show several distinct factors control the composition of microbial communities in the Mahomet aquifer. Bacteria that respire insoluble substrates such as iron oxides, i.e. Geobacter, comprise a greater abundance of the attached community than the suspended regardless of groundwater chemistry. Differences in community structure driven by the concentration of sulfate point to a clear link between the availability of substrate and the abundance of certain functional groups, particularly iron reducers, sulfate reducers, methanogens, and methanotrophs. Integrating both geochemical and microbiological observations suggest that the relationships between these functional groups could be driven in part by mutualism, especially between ferric-iron and sulfate reducers. C1 [Flynn, Theodore M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Flynn, Theodore M.; Sanford, Robert A.; Bethke, Craig M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Urbana, IL 60616 USA. [Ryu, Hodon; Levine, Audrey D.; Ashbolt, Nicholas J.; Domingo, Jorge W. Santo] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45248 USA. [Levine, Audrey D.] Battelle Mem Inst, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Domingo, JWS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45248 USA. EM santodomingo.jorge@epa.gov RI Flynn, Theodore/C-1221-2008; Ryu, Hodon/E-4610-2011 OI Flynn, Theodore/0000-0002-1838-8942; Ryu, Hodon/0000-0002-6992-2519 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development; RARE program; National Research Council; Department of Energy [DE-FG02-02ER15317]; Argonne National Laboratory; SBR SFA at Argonne National Laboratory by the Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development and the RARE program, funded, managed, and collaborated in the research described herein. This work has been subjected to the agency's administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the agency; therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The authors thank B. Iker, M. Kyrias, D. Strattan, B. Farrell, E. Luber, M. Nolan, C. Salvatori, J. Shelton, and P. Bermudez for their assistance in the laboratory and the field. H. Ryu received funding through a fellowship from the National Research Council. This work was also supported in part through funding from the Department of Energy grant DE-FG02-02ER15317, a Director's Postdoctoral Fellowship from Argonne National Laboratory to T. Flynn, and the SBR SFA at Argonne National Laboratory which is supported by the Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 61 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 5 U2 91 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2180 J9 BMC MICROBIOL JI BMC Microbiol. PD JUN 24 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 146 DI 10.1186/1471-2180-13-146 PG 15 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 176AI UT WOS:000321274700001 PM 23800252 ER PT J AU Staggs, SE Beckman, EM Keely, SP Mackwan, R Ware, MW Moyer, AP Ferretti, JA Abu Sayed Xiao, LH Villegas, EN AF Staggs, Sarah E. Beckman, Erin M. Keely, Scott P. Mackwan, Reena Ware, Michael W. Moyer, Alan P. Ferretti, James A. Abu Sayed Xiao, Lihua Villegas, Eric N. TI The Applicability of TaqMan-Based Quantitative Real-Time PCR Assays for Detecting and Enumerating Cryptosporidium spp. Oocysts in the Environment SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; N. SP APICOMPLEXA; WATER SAMPLES; SOURCE TRACKING; PARVUM; GENOTYPES; QUANTIFICATION; INFECTION; CUNICULUS; HOMINIS AB Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays to detect Cryptosporidium oocysts in clinical samples are increasingly being used to diagnose human cryptosporidiosis, but a parallel approach for detecting and identifying Cryptosporidium oocyst contamination in surface water sources has yet to be established for current drinking water quality monitoring practices. It has been proposed that Cryptosporidium qPCR-based assays could be used as viable alternatives to current microscopic-based detection methods to quantify levels of oocysts in drinking water sources; however, data on specificity, analytical sensitivity, and the ability to accurately quantify low levels of oocysts are limited. The purpose of this study was to provide a comprehensive evaluation of TaqMan-based qPCR assays, which were developed for either clinical or environmental investigations, for detecting Cryptosporidium oocyst contamination in water. Ten different qPCR assays, six previously published and four developed in this study were analyzed for specificity and analytical sensitivity. Specificity varied between all ten assays, and in one particular assay, which targeted the Cryptosporidium 18S rRNA gene, successfully detected all Cryptosporidium spp. tested, but also cross-amplified T. gondii, fungi, algae, and dinoflagellates. When evaluating the analytical sensitivity of these qPCR assays, results showed that eight of the assays could reliably detect ten flow-sorted oocysts in reagent water or environmental matrix. This study revealed that while a qPCR-based detection assay can be useful for detecting and differentiating different Cryptosporidium species in environmental samples, it cannot accurately measure low levels of oocysts that are typically found in drinking water sources. C1 [Staggs, Sarah E.; Keely, Scott P.; Ware, Michael W.; Villegas, Eric N.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Beckman, Erin M.; Mackwan, Reena; Abu Sayed] Dynamac Corp, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Moyer, Alan P.; Villegas, Eric N.] Univ Cincinnati, McMicken Sch Arts & Sci, Dept Biol Sci, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Ferretti, James A.] US EPA, Edison, NJ USA. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Villegas, EN (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM villegas.eric@epa.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; Villegas, Eric/A-7373-2015 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; Villegas, Eric/0000-0002-8059-8588 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP-D-06-096] FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under contract number EP-D-06-096. No additional external funding was received for this study. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 55 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 25 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 21 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 6 AR e66562 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0066562 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 170JP UT WOS:000320846500063 PM 23805235 ER PT J AU Pleil, JD Sobus, JR AF Pleil, Joachim D. Sobus, Jon R. TI Estimating Lifetime Risk from Spot Biomarker Data and Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article ID BIOMONITORING DATA; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; AIR-POLLUTION; CANCER; VARIABILITY; CHILDREN; BLOOD; SUSTAINABILITY; HYDROCARBONS AB Human biomarker measurements in tissues including blood, breath, and urine can serve as efficient surrogates for environmental monitoring because a single biological sample integrates personal exposure across all environmental media and uptake pathways. However, biomarkers represent a snapshot in time, and risk assessment is generally based on long-term averages. In this study, a statistical approach is proposed for estimating long-term average exposures from distributions of spot biomarker measurements using intraclass correlations based upon measurement variance components from the literature. This methodology was developed and demonstrated using a log-normally distributed data set of urinary OH-pyrene taken from our own studies. The calculations are generalized for any biomarker data set of spot measures such as those from the National Health and Nutrition Evaluation Studies (NHANES) requiring only spreadsheet calculations. A three-tiered approach depending on the availability of metadata was developed for converting any collection of spot biomarkers into an estimated distribution of individual means that can then be compared to a biologically relevant risk level. Examples from a Microsoft Excel-based spreadsheet for calculating estimates of the proportion of the population exceeding a given biomonitoring equivalent level are provided as an appendix. C1 [Pleil, Joachim D.; Sobus, Jon R.] US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, NERL ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Pleil, JD (reprint author), US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, NERL ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM pleil.joachim@epa.gov OI Pleil, Joachim/0000-0001-8211-0796 NR 46 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 EI 1087-2620 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PD JUN 18 PY 2013 VL 76 IS 12 BP 747 EP 766 DI 10.1080/15287394.2013.821394 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 207VG UT WOS:000323632200004 PM 23980840 ER PT J AU Kong, LJ Mukherjee, B Chan, YF Zepp, RG AF Kong, Lingjun Mukherjee, Biplab Chan, Yau Fong Zepp, Richard G. TI Quenching and Sensitizing Fullerene Photoreactions by Natural Organic Matter SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AQUEOUS C-60 CLUSTERS; CARBON NANOTUBES; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; SINGLET OXYGEN; PHOTOCHEMICAL TRANSFORMATION; ENGINEERED NANOPARTICLES; AGGREGATION KINETICS; POTENTIAL RELEASE; FULVIC-ACIDS; WATER AB Effects of natural organic matter (NOM) on the photoreaction kinetics of fullerenes (i.e., C-60 and fullerenol) were investigated using simulated sunlight and monochromatic radiation (365 nm). NOM from several sources quenched (slowed) the photoreaction of C-60 aggregates in water (aqu/nC(60)), but sensitized (accelerated) photoreaction of fullerenol. Kinetic studies indicated that the quenching occurred through a static mechanism involving NOM molecules adsorbed on the aqu/nC(60) surface. Quenching constants for the photoreaction of aqu/nC(60) correlated approximately with optical parameters related to the aromaticity and molecular size of the NOM. Association of aqu/nC(60) particles with NOM was investigated indirectly via the study of the aggregation kinetics of colloidal C-60 in the presence and absence of NOM as a function of NaCl strength at pH 7. In contrast to aqu/nC(60), the photoreaction efficiencies of the hydrophilic fullerene, fullerenol, increased linearly with increasing NOM concentrations and kinetic parameters for the sensitized photoreactions increased as the spectral slope coefficients and ratio of absorption coefficients at 254 to 365 nm (E-2:E-3) of the NOM increased. The results indicate that triplet excited states of the NOM are key intermediates in the photosensitized reactions. C1 [Kong, Lingjun; Mukherjee, Biplab; Chan, Yau Fong; Zepp, Richard G.] US EPA, NERL ERD, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Zepp, RG (reprint author), US EPA, NERL ERD, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM zepp.richard@epa.gov NR 54 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 64 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 18 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 12 BP 6189 EP 6196 DI 10.1021/es304985w PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 169AJ UT WOS:000320749000016 PM 23662979 ER PT J AU Chowdhury, I Duch, MC Mansukhani, ND Hersam, MC Bouchard, D AF Chowdhury, Indranil Duch, Matthew C. Mansukhani, Nikhita D. Hersam, Mark C. Bouchard, Dermont TI Colloidal Properties and Stability of Graphene Oxide Nanomaterials in the Aquatic Environment SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; FULLERENE C-60 NANOPARTICLES; AGGREGATION KINETICS; GRAPHITE OXIDE; HUMIC-ACID; STEM-CELLS; BACTERIA; DEPOSITION; REDUCTION; GENOTOXICITY AB While graphene oxide (GO) has been found to be the most toxic graphene-based nanomaterial, its environmental fate is still unexplored. In this study, the aggregation kinetics and stability of GO were investigated using time-resolved dynamic light scattering over a wide range of aquatic chemistries (pH, salt types (NaCl, MgCl2, CaCl2), ionic strength) relevant to natural and engineered systems. Although pH did not have a notable influence on GO stability from pH 4 to 10, salt type and ionic strength had significant effects on GO stability due to electrical double layer compression, similar to other colloidal particles. The critical coagulation concentration (CCC) values of GO were determined to be 44 mM NaCl, 0.9 mM CaCl2, and 1.3 mM MgCl2. Aggregation and stability of GO in the aquatic environment followed colloidal theory (DLVO and Schulze-Hardy rule), even though GO's shape is not spherical. CCC values of GO were lower than reported fullerene CCC values and higher than reported carbon nanotube CCC values. CaCl2 destabilized GO more aggressively than MgCl2 and NaCl due to the binding capacity of Ca2+ ions with hydroxyl and carbonyl functional groups of GO. Natural organic matter significantly improved the stability of GO in water primarily due to steric repulsion. Long-term stability studies demonstrated that GO was highly stable in both natural and synthetic surface waters, although it settled quickly in synthetic groundwater. While GO remained stable in synthetic influent wastewater, effluent wastewater collected from a treatment plant rapidly destabilized GO, indicating GO will settle out during the wastewater treatment process and likely accumulate in biosolids and sludge. Overall, our findings indicate that GO nanomaterials will be stable in the natural aquatic environment and that significant aqueous transport of GO is possible. C1 [Chowdhury, Indranil; Bouchard, Dermont] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Duch, Matthew C.; Mansukhani, Nikhita D.; Hersam, Mark C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Duch, Matthew C.; Mansukhani, Nikhita D.; Hersam, Mark C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Duch, Matthew C.; Mansukhani, Nikhita D.; Hersam, Mark C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Med, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Bouchard, D (reprint author), US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Bouchard.Dermont@epa.gov RI Hersam, Mark/B-6739-2009; Mansukhani, Nikhita/H-2328-2016 OI Mansukhani, Nikhita/0000-0001-6002-0132 FU EPA; University of California Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (NSF-EPA) [DBI-0830117] FX Funding was provided by the EPA to NRC and by the University of California Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (NSF-EPA under Cooperative Agreement DBI-0830117). We thank Caroline Stevens of the EPA for TOC analysis and the North Oconee Water Reclamation Facility for providing wastewater. This paper has been reviewed in accordance with the USEPA's peer and administrative review policies and is approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 53 TC 112 Z9 118 U1 46 U2 372 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 18 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 12 BP 6288 EP 6296 DI 10.1021/es400483k PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 169AJ UT WOS:000320749000028 PM 23668881 ER PT J AU Schaeffer, BA Hagy, JD Stumpf, RP AF Schaeffer, Blake A. Hagy, James D. Stumpf, Richard P. TI Approach to developing numeric water quality criteria for coastal waters: transition from SeaWiFS to MODIS and MERIS satellites SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE ocean color; satellite; remote sensing; nutrients; numeric criteria; chlorophyll-a ID HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS; GULF-OF-MEXICO; OCEAN COLOR DATA; CHLOROPHYLL-A; KARENIA-BREVIS; VARIABILITY; NITROGEN; SUPPORT; IMAGERY AB States can adopt numeric water quality criteria into their water quality standards to protect the designated uses of their coastal waters from eutrophication impacts. The first objective of this study was to provide an approach for developing numeric water quality criteria for coastal waters based on archived SeaWiFS ocean color satellite data. The second objective was to develop an approach for transferring water quality criteria assessments to newer ocean color satellites, such as MODIS and MERIS. Measures of SeaWiFS, MODIS, and MERIS chlorophyll-a (Chl(RS)-a, mgm(-3)) were resolved across Florida's coastal waters between 1998 and 2009. Annual geometric means of SeaWiFS Chl(RS)-a were evaluated to determine a quantitative reference baseline from the 90th percentile of the annual geometric means. A method for transferring to multiple ocean color sensors was implemented with SeaWiFS as the reference instrument. The Chl(RS)-a annual geometric means for each coastal segment from MODIS and MERIS were regressed against SeaWiFS to provide a similar response among all three satellites. Standardization factors for each coastal segment were calculated based on the differences between 90th percentile from SeaWiFS to MODIS and SeaWiFS to MERIS. This transfer approach was allowed for future assessments, typically with <7% difference in the calculated criteria. (c) The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI. C1 [Schaeffer, Blake A.; Hagy, James D.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Stumpf, Richard P.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Monitoring & Assessment, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Schaeffer, BA (reprint author), US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM schaeffer.blake@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The information in this document has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Tetra Tech, Inc. queried in situ data for satellite match-ups. We thank Zhong Ping Lee at University of Massachusetts, Boston, Curtiss Davis at Oregon State University, Steven Lohrenz at University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth, Chuanmin Hu at University of South Florida, and Richard Gould at the Naval Research Laboratory for their comments and recommendations in developing this approach. NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 25 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1931-3195 J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS JI J. Appl. Remote Sens. PD JUN 18 PY 2013 VL 7 AR 073544 DI 10.1117/1.JRS.7.073544 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 165SF UT WOS:000320503200001 ER PT J AU Bond, TC Doherty, SJ Fahey, DW Forster, PM Berntsen, T DeAngelo, BJ Flanner, MG Ghan, S Karcher, B Koch, D Kinne, S Kondo, Y Quinn, PK Sarofim, MC Schultz, MG Schulz, M Venkataraman, C Zhang, H Zhang, S Bellouin, N Guttikunda, SK Hopke, PK Jacobson, MZ Kaiser, JW Klimont, Z Lohmann, U Schwarz, JP Shindell, D Storelvmo, T Warren, SG Zender, CS AF Bond, T. C. Doherty, S. J. Fahey, D. W. Forster, P. M. Berntsen, T. DeAngelo, B. J. Flanner, M. G. Ghan, S. Kaercher, B. Koch, D. Kinne, S. Kondo, Y. Quinn, P. K. Sarofim, M. C. Schultz, M. G. Schulz, M. Venkataraman, C. Zhang, H. Zhang, S. Bellouin, N. Guttikunda, S. K. Hopke, P. K. Jacobson, M. Z. Kaiser, J. W. Klimont, Z. Lohmann, U. Schwarz, J. P. Shindell, D. Storelvmo, T. Warren, S. G. Zender, C. S. TI Bounding the role of black carbon in the climate system: A scientific assessment SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Review DE black carbon; climate forcing; aerosol ID AEROSOL LIGHT-ABSORPTION; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; BIOMASS BURNING EMISSIONS; CIRRUS CLOUD FORMATION; GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; AIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER; GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIALS; INDIAN-OCEAN EXPERIMENT; FOSSIL-FUEL COMBUSTION; CHEMICAL MASS-BALANCE AB Black carbon aerosol plays a unique and important role in Earth's climate system. Black carbon is a type of carbonaceous material with a unique combination of physical properties. This assessment provides an evaluation of black-carbon climate forcing that is comprehensive in its inclusion of all known and relevant processes and that is quantitative in providing best estimates and uncertainties of the main forcing terms: direct solar absorption; influence on liquid, mixed phase, and ice clouds; and deposition on snow and ice. These effects are calculated with climate models, but when possible, they are evaluated with both microphysical measurements and field observations. Predominant sources are combustion related, namely, fossil fuels for transportation, solid fuels for industrial and residential uses, and open burning of biomass. Total global emissions of black carbon using bottom-up inventory methods are 7500 Gg yr(-1) in the year 2000 with an uncertainty range of 2000 to 29000. However, global atmospheric absorption attributable to black carbon is too low in many models and should be increased by a factor of almost 3. After this scaling, the best estimate for the industrial-era (1750 to 2005) direct radiative forcing of atmospheric black carbon is +0.71 W m(-2) with 90% uncertainty bounds of (+0.08, +1.27) W m(-2). Total direct forcing by all black carbon sources, without subtracting the preindustrial background, is estimated as +0.88 (+0.17, +1.48) W m(-2). Direct radiative forcing alone does not capture important rapid adjustment mechanisms. A framework is described and used for quantifying climate forcings, including rapid adjustments. The best estimate of industrial-era climate forcing of black carbon through all forcing mechanisms, including clouds and cryosphere forcing, is +1.1 W m(-2) with 90% uncertainty bounds of +0.17 to +2.1 W m(-2). Thus, there is a very high probability that black carbon emissions, independent of co-emitted species, have a positive forcing and warm the climate. We estimate that black carbon, with a total climate forcing of +1.1 W m(-2), is the second most important human emission in terms of its climate forcing in the present-day atmosphere; only carbon dioxide is estimated to have a greater forcing. Sources that emit black carbon also emit other short-lived species that may either cool or warm climate. Climate forcings from co-emitted species are estimated and used in the framework described herein. When the principal effects of short-lived co-emissions, including cooling agents such as sulfur dioxide, are included in net forcing, energy-related sources (fossil fuel and biofuel) have an industrial-era climate forcing of +0.22 (-0.50 to +1.08) W m(-2) during the first year after emission. For a few of these sources, such as diesel engines and possibly residential biofuels, warming is strong enough that eliminating all short-lived emissions from these sources would reduce net climate forcing (i.e., produce cooling). When open burning emissions, which emit high levels of organic matter, are included in the total, the best estimate of net industrial-era climate forcing by all short-lived species from black-carbon-rich sources becomes slightly negative (-0.06 W m(-2) with 90% uncertainty bounds of -1.45 to +1.29 W m(-2)). The uncertainties in net climate forcing from black-carbon-rich sources are substantial, largely due to lack of knowledge about cloud interactions with both black carbon and co-emitted organic carbon. In prioritizing potential black-carbon mitigation actions, non-science factors, such as technical feasibility, costs, policy design, and implementation feasibility play important roles. The major sources of black carbon are presently in different stages with regard to the feasibility for near-term mitigation. This assessment, by evaluating the large number and complexity of the associated physical and radiative processes in black-carbon climate forcing, sets a baseline from which to improve future climate forcing estimates. C1 [Bond, T. C.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Doherty, S. J.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Fahey, D. W.; Schwarz, J. P.] Univ Colorado, NOAA Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Fahey, D. W.; Schwarz, J. P.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Forster, P. M.] Univ Leeds, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. [Berntsen, T.] Univ Oslo, Ctr Int Climate & Environm Res Oslo, Oslo, Norway. [Berntsen, T.] Univ Oslo, Dept Geosci, Oslo, Norway. [DeAngelo, B. J.; Sarofim, M. C.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Flanner, M. G.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Ghan, S.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Kaercher, B.] Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt Oberpfaffenhofen, Wessling, Germany. [Koch, D.] US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. [Kinne, S.] Max Planck Inst, Hamburg, Germany. [Kondo, Y.] Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. [Quinn, P. K.] NOAA Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA USA. [Schultz, M. G.] Forschungszentrum Julich, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Schulz, M.] Norwegian Meteorol Inst, Oslo, Norway. [Venkataraman, C.] Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Zhang, H.] China Meteorol Adm, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Zhang, S.] Peking Univ, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Bellouin, N.] Met Off Hadley Ctr, Exeter, Devon, England. [Guttikunda, S. K.] Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Div Atmospher Sci, Reno, NV 89506 USA. [Hopke, P. K.] Clarkson Univ, Potsdam, NY USA. [Jacobson, M. Z.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Kaiser, J. W.] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England. [Kaiser, J. W.] Kings Coll London, London, England. [Kaiser, J. W.] Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. [Klimont, Z.] Int Inst Appl Syst Anal, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria. [Lohmann, U.] ETH, Zurich, Switzerland. [Shindell, D.] NASA Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY USA. [Storelvmo, T.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA. [Warren, S. G.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Zender, C. S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA. RP Bond, TC (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM yark@uiuc.edu RI Fahey, David/G-4499-2013; Quinn, Patricia/R-1493-2016; Forster, Piers/F-9829-2010; Schultz, Martin/I-9512-2012; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; Zender, Charles/D-4485-2012; schwarz, joshua/G-4556-2013; Flanner, Mark/C-6139-2011; Kaiser, Johannes/A-7057-2012; Shindell, Drew/D-4636-2012; Karcher, Bernd/D-5325-2014; Kondo, Yutaka/D-1459-2012; Bond, Tami/A-1317-2013; Doherty, Sarah/D-5592-2015; Lohmann, Ulrike/B-6153-2009; Schulz, Michael/A-6930-2011; Klimont, Zbigniew/P-7641-2015; Ghan, Steven/H-4301-2011; Hopke, Philip/C-6020-2008 OI Fahey, David/0000-0003-1720-0634; Quinn, Patricia/0000-0003-0337-4895; Forster, Piers/0000-0002-6078-0171; Schultz, Martin/0000-0003-3455-774X; Zender, Charles/0000-0003-0129-8024; schwarz, joshua/0000-0002-9123-2223; Flanner, Mark/0000-0003-4012-174X; Kaiser, Johannes/0000-0003-3696-9123; Karcher, Bernd/0000-0003-0278-4980; Bond, Tami/0000-0001-5968-8928; Doherty, Sarah/0000-0002-7796-6968; Lohmann, Ulrike/0000-0001-8885-3785; Schulz, Michael/0000-0003-4493-4158; Klimont, Zbigniew/0000-0003-2630-198X; Ghan, Steven/0000-0001-8355-8699; Hopke, Philip/0000-0003-2367-9661 FU International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC) project; Climate Program Office of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); Radiation Sciences Program of the National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA); CSC; Tully Graphics; IGAC via the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA [NA10OAR4320148, 2035]; U.S. EPA [RD-83503401]; NASA [RD-83503401]; NSF [ATM 08-52775]; DOE [DE-SC0006689, DE-AC06-76RLO 1830]; Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit award; Joint DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme [GA01101]; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) program; DOE Decadal and Regional Climate Prediction using Earth System Models (EaSM) program; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT); Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST); global environment research fund of the Japanese Ministry of the Environment [A-1101]; EUCAARI project (EU-FP6) [34684]; U.S. National Science Foundation; European Union Seventh Research Framework Programme (MACC project) [218793]; U.S. NSF [ARC-06-12636]; National Basic Research Program of China [2011CB403405] FX This assessment is a contribution of the IGBP-IGAC/WCRP-SPARC Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Initiative (AC&C). The authors acknowledge financial and technical support from the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC) project (http://igac.jisao.washington.edu/index.php), C. Koblinsky of the Climate Program Office of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), H. Maring of the Radiation Sciences Program of the National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA), Rose Kendall of CSC, and Beth Tully of Tully Graphics. IGAC funding for this project is via the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA Cooperative Agreement NA10OAR4320148, Contribution No. 2035. The authors are grateful to Ray Minjares and the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) and Catherine Witherspoon of the ClimateWorks Foundation for encouragement to undertake this effort. The authors wish to thank the AeroCom modeling community and the AERONET data providers for their great help in providing basic data sets, further analyzed here. Olivier Boucher is thanked for his substantial contribution to section 9 and his careful review and subsequent discussion with the author team on the entire manuscript. We also thank N. Riemer of the University of Illinois for particle-resolved simulation results in Figure 6, N. Mahowald of Cornell University for dust fields in Figure 12, and D. M. Winker of NASA for providing the CALIPSO data in Figure 16. A. Heil is thanked for providing information on biomass fuel loads and M. O. Andreae for providing updates of his biomass burning emission factor compilation. E. Baum, J. Bachmann, R. Minjares, K. Ram, V. Ramanathan, and D. Zaelke are thanked for reading and providing comments that improved the document. T. C. Bond acknowledges support for related work under U.S. EPA RD-83503401, NASA RD-83503401, NSF ATM 08-52775, and DOE DE-SC0006689. Piers Forster acknowledges support from a Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit award. N. Bellouin was supported by the Joint DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme (GA01101). S. Ghan was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) program, and the DOE Decadal and Regional Climate Prediction using Earth System Models (EaSM) program. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830. Y. Kondo was supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT), strategic international cooperative program of Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), and the global environment research fund of the Japanese Ministry of the Environment (A-1101). For P. K. Quinn's work, this is NOAA PMEL contribution no. 3786. M. Schulz received funding support through the EUCAARI project (EU-FP6 Contract 34684). M. Z. Jacobson received funding from the U.S. National Science Foundation. J. W. Kaiser was supported by the European Union Seventh Research Framework Programme (MACC project, contract number 218793). S. G. Warren acknowledges support from U.S. NSF grant ARC-06-12636. H. Zhang was funded by the National Basic Research Program of China (2011CB403405). The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 867 TC 936 Z9 961 U1 126 U2 719 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUN 16 PY 2013 VL 118 IS 11 BP 5380 EP 5552 DI 10.1002/jgrd.50171 PG 173 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 228TG UT WOS:000325212600025 ER PT J AU Zhao, D Liao, XY Yan, XL Huling, SG Chai, TY Tao, H AF Zhao, Dan Liao, Xiaoyong Yan, Xiulan Huling, Scott G. Chai, Tuanyao Tao, Huan TI Effect and mechanism of persulfate activated by different methods for PAHs removal in soil SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Persulfate; Oxidation; PAHs; Activation; Degradation ID RADICAL GENERATION; CHEMICAL OXIDATION; CONTAMINATED SOIL; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; DEGRADATION; REMEDIATION; SEDIMENTS; SYSTEMS; CARBON; MTBE AB The influence of persulfate activation methods on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) degradation was investigated and included thermal, citrate chelated iron, and alkaline, and a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-persulfate binary mixture. Thermal activation (60 degrees C) resulted in the highest removal of PAHs (99.1%) and persulfate consumption during thermal activation varied (0.45-1.38g/kg soil). Persulfate consumption (0.91-1.22 g/kg soil) and PAHs removal (73.3-82.9%) varied using citrate chelated iron. No significant differences in oxidant consumption and PAH removal was measured in the H2O2-persulfate binary mixture and alkaline activated treatment systems, relative to the unactivated control. Greater removal of high molecular weight PAHs was measured with persulfate activation. Electron spin resonance spectra indicated the presence of hydroxyl radicals in thermally activated systems; weak hydroxyl radical activity in the H2O2 persulfate system; and superoxide radicals were predominant in alkaline activated systems. Differences in oxidative ability of the activated persulfate were related to different radicals generated during activation. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhao, Dan; Chai, Tuanyao; Tao, Huan] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Dan; Liao, Xiaoyong; Yan, Xiulan; Tao, Huan] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Zhongguancun Sci Pk Open Lab Land Contamina Asses, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Huling, Scott G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Ada, OK USA. RP Liao, XY (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, 11A Datun Rd, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM liaoxy@igsnrr.ac.cn; tychai@gucas.ac.cn RI Liao, Xiaoyong/C-7559-2014 FU National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) [2012AA06A201]; Equipment Manufacturing Project of Chinese Academy of Science [YZ201105]; National Scientific and Technological Support Project [2012BAC10B04-02] FX This work was supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (2012AA06A201), Equipment Manufacturing Project of Chinese Academy of Science (YZ201105) and National Scientific and Technological Support Project (2012BAC10B04-02). NR 42 TC 70 Z9 78 U1 24 U2 169 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 254 BP 228 EP 235 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.03.056 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 173KS UT WOS:000321079000027 PM 23618659 ER PT J AU Raphael, BH Lautenschlager, M Kohler, A Pai, S Parks, BA Kalb, S Maslanka, S Shah, S Magnuson, M Hill, V AF Raphael, B. H. Lautenschlager, M. Kohler, A. Pai, S. Parks, B. A. Kalb, S. Maslanka, S. Shah, S. Magnuson, M. Hill, V. TI Recovery and detection of botulinum toxin type A from drinking water SO TOXICON LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 7th International Conference on Basic and Therapeutic Aspects of Botulinum and Tetanus Toxins (TOXINS) CY OCT 02-05, 2011 CL Santa Fe, NM C1 [Raphael, B. H.; Lautenschlager, M.; Kohler, A.; Pai, S.; Maslanka, S.; Hill, V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Parks, B. A.; Kalb, S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shah, S.; Magnuson, M.] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM braphael@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 68 BP 94 EP 94 DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.07.100 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 159VN UT WOS:000320075500088 ER PT J AU Wong, K Voice, TC Xagoraraki, I AF Wong, Kelvin Voice, Thomas C. Xagoraraki, Irene TI Effect of organic carbon on sorption of human adenovirus to soil particles and laboratory containers SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Adenovirus; Sorption; Desorption; Virus fate and transport; Organic carbon; Soil; Polypropylene; Plastic container ID DYNAMIC BATCH SYSTEMS; WATER-SOLID INTERFACE; VIRUS ADSORPTION; BACTERIOPHAGE TRANSPORT; ENTERIC VIRUSES; POROUS-MEDIA; MATTER; INACTIVATION; AGGREGATION; ATTACHMENT AB A key factor controlling the relationship between virus release and human exposure is how virus particles interact with soils, sediments and other solid particles in the environment and in engineered treatment systems. Finding no previous investigations of human adenovirus (HAdV) sorption, we performed a series of experiments to evaluate the role of soil organic carbon (SOC) and solution-phase dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on sorption capacity and reversibility. In preliminary methodological studies, we found that as much as 99% of HAdV was lost from inorganic buffer suspensions in polypropylene (PP) laboratory containers, but little loss occurred when using suspensions with substantial amounts of DOC or with glass containers from either type of suspension. It was confirmed that this loss was due to sorption rather than inactivation by using lysis-based recovery techniques and qPCR measurements that do not depend on virus viability. In isotherm experiments, soils with 2% OC had similar to four-fold greater sorption capacity for HAdV than 8% OC soils; moreover, the sorption capacity of 2% OC soils was reduced similar to seven-fold with an aqueous solution containing 150 mg/L of humic acid. After sequential extractions, higher fractions of sorbed HAdV were released from 8% OC soils. The amounts of HAdV and OC released remained relatively constant throughout each extraction step, indicating that desorbed HAdV could be caused primarily by the detachment of SOC from soils. Overall, results from this study suggest that OC plays a critical role in the sorption and desorption of HAdV, and as a result, on its environmental fate and transport. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wong, Kelvin; Voice, Thomas C.; Xagoraraki, Irene] Michigan State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Wong, Kelvin] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Xagoraraki, I (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, A124 Engn Res Complex, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM xagorara@msu.edu NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 61 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 10 BP 3339 EP 3346 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.03.029 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 154AV UT WOS:000319644800008 PM 23602036 ER PT J AU Alvarez, DA Shappell, NW Billey, LO Bermudez, DS Wilson, VS Kolpin, DW Perkins, SD Evans, N Foreman, WT Gray, JL Shipitalo, MJ Meyer, MT AF Alvarez, D. A. Shappell, N. W. Billey, L. O. Bermudez, D. S. Wilson, V. S. Kolpin, D. W. Perkins, S. D. Evans, N. Foreman, W. T. Gray, J. L. Shipitalo, M. J. Meyer, M. T. TI Bioassay of estrogenicity and chemical analyses of estrogens in streams across the United States associated with livestock operations SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE E-Screen; T47D-KBluc; YES; POCIS; GC-MS2 ID ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; IN-VITRO ASSAYS; WASTE-WATER; TREATMENT-PLANT; SURFACE-WATER; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; STEROID ESTROGENS; PASSIVE SAMPLERS; FISH; EFFLUENTS AB Animal manures, used as a nitrogen source for crop production, are often associated with negative impacts on nutrient levels in surface water. The concentrations of estrogens in streams from these manures also are of concern due to potential endocrine disruption in aquatic species. Streams associated with livestock operations were sampled by discrete samples (n = 38) or by time-integrated polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS, n = 19). Samples were analyzed for estrogens by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS2) and estrogenic activity was assessed by three bioassays: Yeast Estrogen Screen (YES), T47D-KBluc Assay, MCF-7 Estrogenicity Screen (E-Screen). Samples were collected from 19 streams within small (similar to 1-30 km(2)) watersheds in 12 U.S. states representing a range of hydrogeologic conditions, dominated by: dairy (3), grazing beef (3), feedlot cattle (1); swine (5); poultry (3); and 4 areas where no livestock were raised or manure was applied. Water samples were consistently below the United Kingdom proposed Lowest Observable Effect Concentration for 17 beta-estradiol in fish (10 ng/L) in all watersheds, regardless of land use. Estrogenic activity was often higher in samples during runoff conditions following a period of manure application. Estrone was the most commonly detected estrogen (13 of 38 water samples, mean 1.9, maximum 8.3 ng/L). Because of the T47D-KBluc assay's sensitivity towards estrone (1.4 times 17 beta-estradiol) it was the most sensitive method for detecting estrogens, followed by the E-Screen, GC-MS2, and YES. POCIS resulted in more frequent detections of estrogens than discrete water samples across all sites, even when applying the less-sensitive YES bioassay to the POCIS extracts. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Alvarez, D. A.; Perkins, S. D.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. [Shappell, N. W.; Billey, L. O.] ARS, USDA, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Bermudez, D. S.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Wilson, V. S.; Evans, N.] US EPA, NHEERL, Tox Assessment Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kolpin, D. W.] US Geol Survey, Iowa Water Sci Ctr, Iowa City, IA 52244 USA. [Foreman, W. T.; Gray, J. L.] US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Lab, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Shipitalo, M. J.] ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Meyer, M. T.] US Geol Survey, Kansas Water Sci Ctr, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA. RP Shappell, NW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Biosci Res Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd N, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM dalvarez@usgs.gov; nancy.shappell@ars.usda.gov; lloyd.billey@ars.usda.gov; DSBermud@scj.com; vickie.wilson@epamail.epa.gov; dwkolpin@usgs.gov; sperkins@usgs.gov; evans.nicola@epamail.epa.gov; wforeman@usgs.gov; jlgray@usgs.gov; martin.shipitalo@ars.usda.gov; mmeyer@usgs.gov OI Meyer, Michael/0000-0001-6006-7985; Shipitalo, Martin/0000-0003-4775-7345; Wilson, Vickie/0000-0003-1661-8481 FU U.S. Geological Survey, Toxic Substances Hydrology Program FX The authors acknowledge the many individuals who assisted in the collection of environmental samples and subsequent processing in the various laboratories. Support for this project was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey, Toxic Substances Hydrology Program. MCF-7 BOS cells were graciously provided by Drs. Ana Soto and Carlos Sonnenschein, Tufts University, Boston, MA. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 44 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 7 U2 96 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 10 BP 3347 EP 3363 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.03.028 PG 17 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 154AV UT WOS:000319644800009 PM 23623470 ER PT J AU Christensen, K Blessinger, T AF Christensen, Krista Blessinger, Todd TI VARIATION IN OBSERVED EPIDEMIOLOGIC ASSOCIATIONS DUE TO CHOICE OF EXPOSURE METRIC SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Christensen, Krista; Blessinger, Todd] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 177 SU 11 BP S44 EP S44 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 157BL UT WOS:000319870300174 ER PT J AU Hussain, Z Wright, JM AF Hussain, Zaib Wright, J. Michael TI PESTICIDE EXPOSURES IN PAKISTANI FARMERS AND CROPWORKERS. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hussain, Zaib; Wright, J. Michael] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 177 SU 11 BP S63 EP S63 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 157BL UT WOS:000319870300251 ER PT J AU Jagai, J Rosenbaum, B Pierson, S Messer, L Rappazzo, K Lobdell, D AF Jagai, Jyotsna Rosenbaum, Barbara Pierson, Sue Messer, Lynne Rappazzo, Kristen Lobdell, Danelle TI WATER QUALITY AND ASSOCIATIONS WITH GASTROINTESTINAL CONDITIONS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jagai, Jyotsna; Rosenbaum, Barbara; Pierson, Sue; Messer, Lynne; Rappazzo, Kristen; Lobdell, Danelle] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 177 SU 11 BP S62 EP S62 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 157BL UT WOS:000319870300248 ER PT J AU Jagai, J Smith, G Lin, C Hilborn, E Wade, T Wade, T AF Jagai, Jyotsna Smith, Genee Lin, Cynthia Hilborn, Elizabeth Wade, Tim Wade, Tim TI SANITARY SEWER SYSTEMS AND ASSOCIATION WITH GASTROINTESTINAL ILLNESS: A CASE CROSSOVER ANALYSIS OF MASSACHUSETTS DATA, 2006-2008 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jagai, Jyotsna; Smith, Genee; Lin, Cynthia; Hilborn, Elizabeth; Wade, Tim; Wade, Tim] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 177 SU 11 BP S63 EP S63 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 157BL UT WOS:000319870300249 ER PT J AU Jensen, E Longnecker, M AF Jensen, Elizabeth Longnecker, Matthew TI PHARMACOLOGIC SEX HORMONES IN EARLY PREGNANCY AND OFFSPRING OBESITY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jensen, Elizabeth; Longnecker, Matthew] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27599 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 177 SU 11 BP S8 EP S8 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 157BL UT WOS:000319870300032 ER PT J AU Wade, TJ Converse, RR Sams, EA Williams, AH Hudgens, E Dufour, AP AF Wade, Timothy J. Converse, Reagan R. Sams, Elizabeth A. Williams, Ann H. Hudgens, Edward Dufour, Alfred P. TI GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOMS AMONG SWIMMERS FOLLOWING RAIN EVENTS AT A BEACH IMPACTED BY URBAN RUNOFF. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wade, Timothy J.; Converse, Reagan R.; Sams, Elizabeth A.; Williams, Ann H.; Hudgens, Edward; Dufour, Alfred P.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 177 SU 11 BP S157 EP S157 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 157BL UT WOS:000319870300620 ER PT J AU Weinberg, C Shi, M Deroo, L Taylor, J Sandler, D Umbach, D AF Weinberg, Clarice Shi, Min Deroo, Lisa Taylor, Jack Sandler, Dale Umbach, David TI USING ASYMMETRY IN FAMILY HISTORY TO PROBE GENETIC MECHANISMS: APPLICATION TO THE GENETICS OF BREAST CANCER. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Weinberg, Clarice; Shi, Min; Deroo, Lisa; Taylor, Jack; Sandler, Dale; Umbach, David] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 177 SU 11 BP S174 EP S174 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 157BL UT WOS:000319870300686 ER PT J AU Wang, XY Duitsman, E Rajagopalan, N Namboodiri, VV AF Wang, Xinying Duitsman, Eric Rajagopalan, N. Namboodiri, V. V. TI Chemical treatment of commercial reverse osmosis membranes for use in FO SO DESALINATION LA English DT Article DE Thin film composite; Forward osmosis; Chemical treatment; Reverse osmosis; Membrane ID THIN-FILM COMPOSITE; INTERNAL CONCENTRATION POLARIZATION; DRAW SOLUTES; PERFORMANCE; DESALINATION; DRIVEN; FLUX; NANO AB Commercially available reverse osmosis (RO) membranes - SW30HR, BW30, and AG - were chemically treated for use in forward osmosis (FO). Nitric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, ethanol, and ethanol-acid-water ternary solutions were employed for the treatment. All three membranes, after treatment by nitric acid, ethanol, and ethanol-acid-water solutions, demonstrated significant flux enhancement (as much as 40 times higher) compared to their untreated counterparts. The SW30HR membrane treated by ethanol showed the lowest reverse salt flux among the treated membranes. Extensive changes to the barrier layer of the SW30HR membrane after ethanol treatment were observed using ATR-FTIR, XPS, and contact angle measurements. It appears that the PVA coating of the SW30HR membrane was either partially or totally removed. The reduction/removal of the PVA layer in conjunction with higher wettability of the substrate induced by ethanol treatment appears responsible for the improved flux. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Xinying; Duitsman, Eric; Rajagopalan, N.] Univ Illinois, Illinois Sustainable Technol Ctr, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Namboodiri, V. V.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Rajagopalan, N (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Illinois Sustainable Technol Ctr, 1 E Hazelwood Dr, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. EM nrajagop@illinois.edu RI Wang, Xinying/A-8083-2017 FU Hazardous Waste Research Fund of the State of Illinois FX This work was supported by the Hazardous Waste Research Fund of the State of Illinois. Dr. Namboodiri's contribution was supported by the EPA Cincinnati Water Technology Cluster Team. We'd like to thank Scott Robinson, Imaging Technology Group, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, for the help with the SEM. The XPS characterization was carried out in the Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory Central Facilities, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, with the assistance of Richard T. Haas. Derek Vardon is acknowledged for the help with the acquisition of the FT-IR spectra. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0011-9164 J9 DESALINATION JI Desalination PD JUN 14 PY 2013 VL 319 BP 66 EP 72 DI 10.1016/j.desal.2013.03.021 PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 160VM UT WOS:000320148600009 ER PT J AU Rosen, MB Das, KP Wood, CR Wolf, CJ Abbott, BD Lau, C AF Rosen, Mitchell B. Das, Kaberi P. Wood, Carmen R. Wolf, Cynthia J. Abbott, Barbara D. Lau, Christopher TI Evaluation of perfluoroalkyl acid activity using primary mouse and human hepatocytes SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Perfluorinated; Primary hepatocyte; Mouse; Human; Gene expression; Biological activity ID PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTOR; ALPHA PPAR-ALPHA; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; GENE-EXPRESSION; PERFLUOROOCTANOIC ACID; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION; NONPARENCHYMAL CELLS; NUCLEAR RECEPTORS; PRIMARY CULTURES; RAT HEPATOCYTES AB While perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) have been studied at length, less is known about the biological activity of other perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) detected in the environment. Using a transient transfection assay developed in COS-1 cells, our group has previously evaluated a variety of PFAAs for activity associated with activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR). Here we use primary heptatocytes to further assess the biological activity of a similar group of PFAAs using custom designed Taqman Low Density Arrays. Primary mouse and human hepatoyctes were cultured for 48 h in the presence of varying concentrations of 12 different PFAAs or Wy14,643, a known activator of PPAR alpha. Total RNA was collected and the expression of 48 mouse or human genes evaluated. Gene selection was based on either in-house liver microarray data (mouse) or published data using primary hepatocytes (human). Gene expression in primary mouse hepatocytes was more restricted than expected. Genes typically regulated in whole tissue by PPAR alpha agonists were not altered in mouse cells including Acox1, Me1, Acaa1a, Hmgcs1, and Slc27a1. Cyp2b10, a gene regulated by the constitutive androstane receptor and a transcript normally up-regulated by in vivo exposure to PFAAs, was also unchanged in cultured mouse hepatocytes. Cyp4a14, Ehhadh, Pdk4, Cpt1b, and Fabp1 were regulated as expected in mouse cells. A larger group of genes were differentially expressed in human primary hepatocytes, however, little consistency was observed across compounds with respect to which genes produced a significant dose response making the determination of relative biological activity difficult. This likely reflects weaker activation of PPAR alpha in human versus rodent cells as well as variation among individual cell donors. Unlike mouse cells, CYP2B6 was up-regulated in human hepatocytes by a number of PFAAs as was PPAR delta. Rankings were conducted on the limited dataset. In mouse hepatocytes, the pattern was similar to that previously observed in the COS-1 reporter cell assay. With the exception of PFHxA, longer chain PFAA carboxylates were the most active. The pattern was similar in human hepatocytes, although PFDA and PFOS showed higher activity than previously observed while PFOA showed somewhat less activity. These data reflect inherent challenges in using primary hepatocytes to predict toxicological response. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Rosen, Mitchell B.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Das, Kaberi P.; Wood, Carmen R.; Wolf, Cynthia J.; Abbott, Barbara D.; Lau, Christopher] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Toxicol Assessment Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Rosen, MB (reprint author), US EPA, MD 72, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM rosen.mitch@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The information in this document has been funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 49 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JUN 7 PY 2013 VL 308 BP 129 EP 137 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2013.03.011 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 173OT UT WOS:000321089500015 PM 23567314 ER PT J AU Gardner, TA Ferreira, J Barlow, J Lees, AC Parry, L Vieira, ICG Berenguer, E Abramovay, R Aleixo, A Andretti, C Aragao, LEOC Araujo, I de Avila, WS Bardgett, RD Batistella, M Begotti, RA Beldini, T de Blas, DE Braga, RF Braga, DD de Brito, JG de Camargo, PB dos Santos, FC de Oliveira, VC Cordeiro, ACN Cardoso, TM de Carvalho, DR Castelani, SA Chaul, JCM Cerri, CE Costa, FD da Costa, CDF Coudel, E Coutinho, AC Cunha, D D'Antona, A Dezincourt, J Dias-Silva, K Durigan, M Esquerdo, JCD Feres, J Ferraz, SFD Ferreira, AED Fiorini, AC da Silva, LVF Frazao, FS Garrett, R Gomes, AD Goncalves, KD Guerrero, JB Hamada, N Hughes, RM Igliori, DC Jesus, ED Juen, L Junior, M de Oliveira, JMB de Oliveira, RC Souza, C Kaufmann, P Korasaki, V Leal, CG Leitao, R Lima, N Almeida, MDL Lourival, R Louzada, J Mac Nally, R Marchand, S Maues, MM Moreira, FMS Morsello, C Moura, N Nessimian, J Nunes, S Oliveira, VHF Pardini, R Pereira, HC Pompeu, PS Ribas, CR Rossetti, F Schmidt, FA da Silva, R da Silva, RCVM da Silva, TFMR Silveira, J Siqueira, JV de Carvalho, TS Solar, RRC Tancredi, NSH Thomson, JR Torres, PC Vaz-De-Mello, FZ Veiga, RCS Venturieri, A Viana, C Weinhold, D Zanetti, R Zuanon, J AF Gardner, Toby A. Ferreira, Joice Barlow, Jos Lees, Alexander C. Parry, Luke Guimaraes Vieira, Ima Celia Berenguer, Erika Abramovay, Ricardo Aleixo, Alexandre Andretti, Christian Aragao, Luiz E. O. C. Araujo, Ivanei de Avila, Williams Souza Bardgett, Richard D. Batistella, Mateus Begotti, Rodrigo Anzolin Beldini, Troy de Blas, Driss Ezzine Braga, Rodrigo Fagundes Braga, Danielle de Lima de Brito, Janaina Gomes de Camargo, Plinio Barbosa dos Santos, Fabiane Campos de Oliveira, Vivian Campos Nunes Cordeiro, Amanda Cardoso Cardoso, Thiago Moreira de Carvalho, Deborah Reis Castelani, Sergio Andre Mario Chaul, Julio Cezar Cerri, Carlos Eduardo Costa, Francisco de Assis Furtado da Costa, Carla Daniele Coudel, Emilie Coutinho, Alexandre Camargo Cunha, Denis D'Antona, Alvaro Dezincourt, Joelma Dias-Silva, Karina Durigan, Mariana Dalla Mora Esquerdo, Julio Cesar Feres, Jose de Barros Ferraz, Silvio Frosini de Melo Ferreira, Amanda Estefania Fiorini, Ana Carolina Flores da Silva, Lenise Vargas Frazao, Fabio Soares Garrett, Rachel Gomes, Alessandra dos Santos Goncalves, Karoline da Silva Guerrero, Jose Benito Hamada, Neusa Hughes, Robert M. Igliori, Danilo Carmago Jesus, Ederson da Conceicao Juen, Leandro Junior, Miercio de Oliveira Junior, Jose Max Barbosa de Oliveira Junior, Raimundo Cosme Souza Junior, Carlos Kaufmann, Phil Korasaki, Vanesca Leal, Cecilia Gontijo Leitao, Rafael Lima, Natalia Lopes Almeida, Maria de Fatima Lourival, Reinaldo Louzada, Julio Mac Nally, Ralph Marchand, Sebastien Maues, Marcia Motta Moreira, Fatima M. S. Morsello, Carla Moura, Nargila Nessimian, Jorge Nunes, Samia Fonseca Oliveira, Victor Hugo Pardini, Renata Pereira, Heloisa Correia Pompeu, Paulo Santos Ribas, Carla Rodrigues Rossetti, Felipe Schmidt, Fernando Augusto da Silva, Rodrigo Viana Martins da Silva, Regina Celia Morello Ramalho da Silva, Thiago Fonseca Silveira, Juliana Siqueira, Joao Victor de Carvalho, Teotonio Soares Solar, Ricardo R. C. Holanda Tancredi, Nicola Saverio Thomson, James R. Torres, Patricia Carignano Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Zagury Stulpen Veiga, Ruan Carlo Venturieri, Adriano Viana, Cecilia Weinhold, Diana Zanetti, Ronald Zuanon, Jansen TI A social and ecological assessment of tropical land uses at multiple scales: the Sustainable Amazon Network SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE tropical forests; land use; sustainability; trade-offs; interdisciplinary research; social-ecological systems ID BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; BRAZILIAN AMAZON; FOOD SECURITY; TRADE-OFFS; SCIENCE; DEFORESTATION; CHALLENGES; MANAGEMENT; PROGRAM; SYSTEMS AB Science has a critical role to play in guiding more sustainable development trajectories. Here, we present the Sustainable Amazon Network (Rede Amazonia Sustentavel, RAS): a multidisciplinary research initiative involving more than 30 partner organizations working to assess both social and ecological dimensions of land-use sustainability in eastern Brazilian Amazonia. The research approach adopted by RAS offers three advantages for addressing land-use sustainability problems: (i) the collection of synchronized and co-located ecological and socioeconomic data across broad gradients of past and present human use; (ii) a nested sampling design to aid comparison of ecological and socioeconomic conditions associated with different land uses across local, landscape and regional scales; and (iii) a strong engagement with a wide variety of actors and non-research institutions. Here, we elaborate on these key features, and identify the ways in which RAS can help in highlighting those problems in most urgent need of attention, and in guiding improvements in land-use sustainability in Amazonia and elsewhere in the tropics. We also discuss some of the practical lessons, limitations and realities faced during the development of the RAS initiative so far. C1 [Gardner, Toby A.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England. [Gardner, Toby A.; Barlow, Jos; Parry, Luke; Berenguer, Erika; Bardgett, Richard D.; Solar, Ricardo R. C.] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England. [Ferreira, Joice; Cardoso, Thiago Moreira; Coudel, Emilie; de Oliveira Junior, Raimundo Cosme; Maues, Marcia Motta; Viana Martins da Silva, Regina Celia; Venturieri, Adriano] Embrapa Amazonia Oriental, BR-66095100 Belem, Para, Brazil. [Lees, Alexander C.; Guimaraes Vieira, Ima Celia; Aleixo, Alexandre; Araujo, Ivanei; Dezincourt, Joelma; de Melo Ferreira, Amanda Estefania; Gomes, Alessandra dos Santos; Goncalves, Karoline da Silva; Moura, Nargila; Viana, Cecilia] MCTI Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, BR-66040170 Belem, Para, Brazil. [Abramovay, Ricardo; Castelani, Sergio Andre; Igliori, Danilo Carmago; Morello Ramalho da Silva, Thiago Fonseca] Fac Econ Adm & Contabilidade, BR-05508010 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Andretti, Christian; de Brito, Janaina Gomes; de Oliveira, Vivian Campos; Hamada, Neusa; Leitao, Rafael; Zuanon, Jansen] INPA, BR-69080971 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Aragao, Luiz E. O. C.] Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Exeter EX4 4RJ, Devon, England. [de Avila, Williams Souza] Univ Rural Amazonia, BR-68625000 Paragominas, PA, Brazil. [Batistella, Mateus] Embrapa Monitoramento Satelite, BR-13070115 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Begotti, Rodrigo Anzolin; Cerri, Carlos Eduardo; Durigan, Mariana; de Barros Ferraz, Silvio Frosini; Rossetti, Felipe] Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Super Agr Luiz de Queiroz, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. [Beldini, Troy; dos Santos, Fabiane Campos; Flores da Silva, Lenise Vargas; Junior, Miercio; da Silva, Rodrigo] Univ Fed Oeste Para, BR-68040250 Santarem, PA, Brazil. [de Blas, Driss Ezzine; Coudel, Emilie] Ctr Cooperat Int Rech Agron Dev CIRAD, F-34398 Montpellier 5, France. [Braga, Rodrigo Fagundes; Braga, Danielle de Lima; de Carvalho, Deborah Reis; Frazao, Fabio Soares; Korasaki, Vanesca; Leal, Cecilia Gontijo; Louzada, Julio; Moreira, Fatima M. S.; Fonseca Oliveira, Victor Hugo; Pompeu, Paulo Santos; Ribas, Carla Rodrigues; Schmidt, Fernando Augusto; Silveira, Juliana; de Carvalho, Teotonio Soares; Zanetti, Ronald] Univ Fed Lavras, BR-37200000 Lavras, MG, Brazil. [de Camargo, Plinio Barbosa] Univ Sao Paulo, CENA USP, Ctr Energia Nucl Agr, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. [Nunes Cordeiro, Amanda Cardoso; Furtado da Costa, Carla Daniele; Lopes Almeida, Maria de Fatima] Univ Estado Para, BR-68625000 Paragominas, PA, Brazil. [Mario Chaul, Julio Cezar; Cunha, Denis; Marchand, Sebastien] Univ Fed Vicosa, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Costa, Francisco de Assis; Juen, Leandro; Solar, Ricardo R. C.; Holanda Tancredi, Nicola Saverio] Univ Fed Para, BR-66000000 Belem, Para, Brazil. [Coutinho, Alexandre Camargo; Dalla Mora Esquerdo, Julio Cesar] Embrapa Informat Agr, BR-13083886 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [D'Antona, Alvaro; Pereira, Heloisa Correia] Univ Estadual Campinas, Fac Ciencias Aplicadas, BR-13484350 Limeira, SP, Brazil. [Dias-Silva, Karina] Univ Fed Goias, BR-74001970 Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Feres, Jose] Inst Pesquisa Econ Aplicada, BR-20020010 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Fiorini, Ana Carolina; Nessimian, Jorge] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, BR-21941972 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Garrett, Rachel] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Guerrero, Jose Benito] Nature Conservancy, BR-66035170 Belem, Para, Brazil. [Hughes, Robert M.] Oregon State Univ, Amnis Opes Inst, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Hughes, Robert M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Jesus, Ederson da Conceicao] Embrapa Agrobiol, BR-23891000 Seropedica, RJ, Brazil. [de Oliveira Junior, Jose Max Barbosa] Univ Estado Mato Grosso UNEMAT, BR-78690000 Nova Xavantina, MT, Brazil. [Kaufmann, Phil] IMAZON, BR-66060160 Belem, Para, Brazil. [Kaufmann, Phil] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Lourival, Reinaldo] Minist Ciencia Tecnol & Inovacao, BR-70067900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Mac Nally, Ralph; Thomson, James R.] Monash Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Australian Ctr Biodivers, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Morsello, Carla] Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Artes Ciencias & Humanidades, BR-03828000 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Pardini, Renata; Torres, Patricia Carignano] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Zagury] Univ Fed Mato Grosso, BR-78060900 Cuiaba, MT, Brazil. [Stulpen Veiga, Ruan Carlo] Univ Fed Fluminense, BR-24220900 Niteroi, RJ, Brazil. London Sch Econ, Dept Int Dev, London WC2A 2AE, England. RP Gardner, TA (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England. EM tobyagardner@gmail.com RI Ribas, Carla/O-1678-2016; Cerri, Carlos Eduardo/C-5039-2012; Igliori, Danilo/F-9364-2015; Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando/A-1023-2009; Santos Pompeu, Paulo/G-8032-2014; Pardini, Renata/C-4095-2012; Dias-Silva, Karina/H-3164-2014; Oliveira, Victor Hugo/C-2719-2015; Cerri, Carlos/E-6456-2015; Nessimian, Jorge/I-9435-2012; Solar, Ricardo/F-2043-2010; D'Antona, Alvaro/B-3586-2010; Hamada, Neusa/E-3383-2013; Schmidt, Fernando Augusto/E-3843-2016; Aleixo, Alexandre/L-3135-2013; Leal, Cecilia/K-9652-2016; Barlow, Jos/E-7861-2014; Ferraz, Silvio/C-8851-2012; Pompeu, Paulo/F-6696-2012; Morsello, Carla/D-7393-2012; Camargo, Plinio/D-6635-2012; Batistella, Mateus/H-5269-2013; Feres, Jose /C-4139-2013; Esquerdo, Julio Cesar/J-3403-2013; Louzada, Julio/F-1265-2010; Cunha, Denis/L-6029-2013; Gardner, Toby/B-7516-2008; Lees, Alexander/D-2189-2014 OI Juen, Leandro/0000-0002-6188-4386; Lees, Alexander/0000-0001-7603-9081; Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando/0000-0001-9697-320X; Morsello, Carla/0000-0001-7548-6541; D'Antona, Alvaro/0000-0003-1710-6277; Garrett, Rachael/0000-0002-6171-263X; Oliveira, Victor Hugo/0000-0002-0553-0268; Cerri, Carlos/0000-0002-7715-1734; Solar, Ricardo/0000-0001-5627-4017; Schmidt, Fernando Augusto/0000-0002-3722-5196; Leal, Cecilia/0000-0002-0108-8572; Ferraz, Silvio/0000-0003-1808-5420; Louzada, Julio/0000-0002-1481-3112; FU Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia-Biodiversidade e Uso da Terra na Amazonia [CNPq 574008/2008-0]; Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria-Embrapa [SEG: 02.08.06.005.00, 01.05.01.003.05]; UK government Darwin Initiative [17-023]; Nature Conservancy; Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) [NE/F01614X/1, NE/G000816/1, NE/F015356/2, NE/l018123]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [477583/2009-1]; Fulbright Commission (RH); Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) [2011/19108-0]; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG); Brazilian Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES); Australian Research Council [DP120100797] FX This paper is dedicated to the late Manoel Aviz do Nascimento ('Nego') whose assistance to all aspects of RAS work in Santarem was so invaluable. We are grateful to the following for financial support; Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia-Biodiversidade e Uso da Terra na Amazonia (CNPq 574008/2008-0), Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria-Embrapa (SEG: 02.08.06.005.00 and 01.05.01.003.05), the UK government Darwin Initiative (17-023), The Nature Conservancy, Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) (NE/F01614X/1, NE/G000816/1, NE/F015356/2 and NE/l018123), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) (477583/2009-1), the Fulbright Commission (RH), Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) (2011/19108-0), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), and the Brazilian Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES). R. M. and J.R.T. were supported by Australian Research Council grant DP120100797. We also thank the farmers and workers unions of Santarem, Belterra and Paragominas and all collaborating private landowners and local government officials for their support. We are grateful to Paulo Brando, Jamila Haider and two anonymous reviewers for suggestions to improve the manuscript. More information about RAS can be found at www.redeamazoniasustentavel.org. NR 45 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 9 U2 127 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8436 EI 1471-2970 J9 PHILOS T R SOC B JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD JUN 5 PY 2013 VL 368 IS 1619 SI SI AR 20120166 DI 10.1098/rstb.2012.0166 PG 11 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 130LQ UT WOS:000317918900010 PM 23610172 ER PT J AU Jent, JR Ryu, H Toledo-Hernandez, C Domingo, JWS Yeghiazarian, L AF Jent, Justin R. Ryu, Hodon Toledo-Hernandez, Carlos Domingo, Jorge W. Santo Yeghiazarian, Lilit TI Determining Hot Spots of Fecal Contamination in a Tropical Watershed by Combining Land-Use Information and Meteorological Data with Source-Specific Assays SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MICROBIAL SOURCE TRACKING; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; INDICATOR BACTERIA; CLADOPHORA CHLOROPHYTA; PATHOGENIC BACTERIA; FRESH-WATER; PUERTO-RICO; POLLUTION; PCR AB The objective of this study was to combine knowledge of environmental, topographical, meteorological, and anthropologic factors in the Rio Grande de Arecibo (RGA) watershed in Puerto Rico with information provided by microbial source tracking (MST) to map hot spots (i.e., likely sources) of fecal contamination. Water samples were tested for the presence of human and bovine fecal contamination in addition to fecal indicator bacteria and correlated against several land uses and the density of septic tanks, sewers, and latrines. Specifically, human sources were positively correlated with developed (r = 0.68), barren land uses (r = 0.84), density of septic tanks (r = 0.78), slope (r = 0.63), and the proximity to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) (r = 0.82). Agricultural land, the number of upstream National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) facilities, and density of latrines were positively associated with the bovine marker (r = 0.71; r = 0.74; and r = 0.68, respectively). Using this information, we provided a hot spot , which shows areas that should be closely monitored for fecal contamination in the RGA watershed. The results indicated that additional bovine assays are needed in tropical regions. We concluded that meteorological, topographical, anthropogenic and land cover data are needed to evaluate and verify the performance of MST assays and, therefore, to identify important sources of fecal contamination to environmental waters C1 [Jent, Justin R.; Yeghiazarian, Lilit] Univ Cincinnati, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Ryu, Hodon; Domingo, Jorge W. Santo] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45248 USA. [Toledo-Hernandez, Carlos] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. RP Domingo, JWS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45248 USA. EM santodomingo.jorge@epa.gov; yeghialt@ucmail.uc.edu RI Ryu, Hodon/E-4610-2011 OI Ryu, Hodon/0000-0002-6992-2519 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development; National Research Council FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, partially funded and collaborated in the research described herein. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency; therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We thank Thomas Adams of the National Weather Service for providing the NEXRAD precipitation data. H.R. was the recipient of a National Research Council Senior Research Fellowship. NR 54 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 25 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 4 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 11 BP 5794 EP 5802 DI 10.1021/es304066z PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 160DO UT WOS:000320097400037 PM 23590856 ER PT J AU Riva-Murray, K Bradley, PM Eikenberry, BCS Knightes, CD Journey, CA Brigham, ME Button, DT AF Riva-Murray, Karen Bradley, Paul M. Eikenberry, Barbara C. Scudder Knightes, Christopher D. Journey, Celeste A. Brigham, Mark E. Button, Daniel T. TI Optimizing Stream Water Mercury Sampling for Calculation of Fish Bioaccumulation Factors SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FOOD WEBS; METHYLMERCURY; MODELS; LEVEL AB Mercury (Hg) bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) for game fishes are widely employed for monitoring, assessment, and regulatory purposes. Mercury BAFs are calculated as the fish Hg concentration (H-gfish) divided by the water Hg concentration (Hg-water) and, consequently, are sensitive to sampling and analysis artifacts for fish and water. We evaluated the influence of water sample timing, filtration, and mercury species on the modeled relation between game fish and water mercury concentrations across 11 streams and rivers in five states in order to identify optimum Hg-water sampling approaches. Each model included fish trophic position, to account for a wide range of species collected among sites, and flow-weighted Hg-water estimates. Models were evaluated for parsimony, using Akaike's Information Criterion. Better models included filtered water methylmercury (FMeHg) or unfiltered water methylmercury (UMeHg), whereas filtered total mercury did not meet parsimony requirements. Models including mean annual FMeHg were superior to those with mean FMeHg calculated over shorter time periods throughout the year. FMeHg models including metrics of high concentrations (80th percentile and above) observed during the year performed better, in general. These higher concentrations occurred most often during the growing season at all sites. Streamflow was significantly related to the probability of achieving higher concentrations during the growing season at six sites, but the direction of influence varied among sites. These findings indicate that streamwater Hg collection can be optimized by evaluating site-specific FMeHg - UMeHg relations, intra-annual temporal variation in their concentrations, and streamflow-Hg dynamics. C1 [Riva-Murray, Karen] US Geol Survey, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Bradley, Paul M.; Journey, Celeste A.] US Geol Survey, Stephenson Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA. [Eikenberry, Barbara C. Scudder] US Geol Survey, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. [Knightes, Christopher D.] US EPA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Brigham, Mark E.] US Geol Survey, Mounds View, MN 55112 USA. [Button, Daniel T.] US Geol Survey, Columbus, OH 43229 USA. RP Riva-Murray, K (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 425 Jordan Rd, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM krmurray@usgs.gov OI Journey, Celeste/0000-0002-2284-5851; Brigham, Mark/0000-0001-7412-6800 FU U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment Program; Toxic Substances Hydrology Programs FX The U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment and Toxic Substances Hydrology Programs supported this research. We thank the following for site access or field support: H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest in Oregon, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality; Beaverton (Oregon) School District; Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; the Adirondack Ecological Center (State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry), The Nature Conservancy, Finch Pruyn & Company, and RMK Timberland; the family of Senator Strom Thurmond; St. Johns River Water Management District, Florida, Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission. We thank three anonymous reviewers for their helpful suggestions, and we thank Dorene MacCoy (USGS) for helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. The water image in the Table of Contents artwork was from a photo by Karen Laubenstein (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2008, http://digitalmedia.fws.gov/cdm/singleitem/collection/natdiglib/id/1505/ rec/16) and the largemouth bass image was from a photo by David A. Saad (USGS, 2011).' NR 45 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 29 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 4 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 11 BP 5904 EP 5912 DI 10.1021/es303758e PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 160DO UT WOS:000320097400051 PM 23668662 ER PT J AU Sidle, RC Benson, WH Carriger, JF Kamai, T AF Sidle, Roy C. Benson, William H. Carriger, John F. Kamai, Toshitaka TI Broader perspective on ecosystem sustainability: Consequences for decision making SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE ecosystem stressors; complex system behavior; sustainability analysis; cascading effects; coastal zone management ID PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA; MISSISSIPPI DELTA; FOREST MANAGEMENT; TIPPING POINT; LOUISIANA; SCIENCE; WATER; ENVIRONMENT; RESILIENCE; LANDSLIDES AB Although the concept of ecosystem sustainability has a long-term focus, it is often viewed from a static system perspective. Because most ecosystems are dynamic, we explore sustainability assessments from three additional perspectives: resilient systems; systems where tipping points occur; and systems subject to episodic resetting. Whereas foundations of ecosystem resilience originated in ecology, recent discussions have focused on geophysical attributes, and it is recognized that dynamic system components may not return to their former state following perturbations. Tipping points emerge when chronic changes (typically anthropogenic, but sometimes natural) push ecosystems to thresholds that cause collapse of process and function and may become permanent. Ecosystem resetting occurs when episodic natural disasters breach thresholds with little or no warning, resulting in long-term changes to environmental attributes or ecosystem function. An example of sustainability assessment of ecosystem goods and services along the Gulf Coast (USA) demonstrates the need to include both the resilient and dynamic nature of biogeomorphic components. Mountain road development in northwest Yunnan, China, makes rivers and related habitat vulnerable to tipping points. Ecosystems reset by natural disasters are also presented, emphasizing the need to understand the magnitude frequency and interrelationships among major disturbances, as shown by (i) the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and resulting tsunami, including how unsustainable urban development exacerbates geodisaster propagation, and (ii) repeated major earthquakes and associated geomorphic and vegetation disturbances in Papua New Guinea. Although all of these ecosystem perturbations and shifts are individually recognized, they are not embraced in contemporary sustainable decision making. C1 [Sidle, Roy C.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, ORD, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Benson, William H.; Carriger, John F.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, ORD, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Kamai, Toshitaka] Kyoto Univ, Res Ctr Landslides, Disaster Prevent Res Inst, Uji, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. RP Sidle, RC (reprint author), US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, ORD, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM sidle.roy@epa.gov NR 91 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 7 U2 93 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 4 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 23 BP 9201 EP 9208 DI 10.1073/pnas.1302328110 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 165SD UT WOS:000320503000018 PM 23686583 ER PT J AU Gilbert, ME Lasley, SM AF Gilbert, M. E. Lasley, S. M. TI DEVELOPMENTAL THYROID HORMONE INSUFFICIENCY AND BRAIN DEVELOPMENT: A ROLE FOR BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR (BDNF)? SO NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Review DE BDNF; hypothyroidism; hippocampus; cortex; developmental; propylthiouracil ID NERVE-GROWTH-FACTOR; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; DEVELOPING RAT-BRAIN; MATERNAL SUBCLINICAL HYPOTHYROIDISM; IMPAIRS SYNAPTIC-TRANSMISSION; POSTNATAL THYROXINE TREATMENT; HIPPOCAMPAL PYRAMIDAL CELLS; WHITE-MATTER TRACTS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; CEREBRAL-CORTEX AB Thyroid hormones (TH) are essential for normal brain development. Even modest degrees of TH disruption experienced in utero can result in neuropsychological deficits in children despite normal thyroid status at birth. Neurotrophins have been implicated in a host of brain cellular functions, and in particular, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has a well documented role in development and function of the nervous system. A number of laboratories have reported the effects of TH administration or severe deprivation on neurotrophin expression in brain. This review provides an overview and update of recent developments in the thyroid field as they relate to the nervous system. Secondly, we describe an animal model of low level TH insufficiency that is more relevant for studying the neurological consequences associated with the modest TH perturbations of subclinical hypothyroidism, or that would be anticipated from exposure to environmental contaminants with a mode-of-action that involves the thyroid. Finally, we review the available in vivo literature on TH-mediated alterations in neurotrophins, particularly BDNF, and discuss their possible contribution to brain impairments associated with TH insufficiency. The observations of altered BDNF protein and gene expression have varied as a function of hypothyroid model, age, and brain region assessed. Only a handful of studies have investigated the relationship of neurotrophins and TH using models of TH deprivation that are not severe, and dose response information is sparse. Differences in the models used, species, doses, regions assessed, age at assessment, and method employed make it difficult to reach a consensus. Based on the available literature, the case for a direct role for BDNF in thyroid-mediated effects in the brain is not compelling. We conclude that delineation of the potential role of neurotrophins in TH-mediated neuronal development may be more fruitful by examining additional neurotrophins (e.g., nerve growth factor), moderate degrees of TH insufficiency, and younger ages. We further suggest that investigation of BDNF invoked by synaptic activation (i.e., plasticity, enrichment, trauma) may serve to elucidate a role of thyroid hormone in BDNF-regulated synaptic function. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Steroid hormone actions in the CNS: the role of BDNF. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of IBRO. C1 [Gilbert, M. E.] US EPA, Toxic Assessment Div, Neurotoxicol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Lasley, S. M.] Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Dept Canc Biol & Pharmacol, Peoria, IL 61656 USA. RP Gilbert, ME (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Toxic Assessment Div, Neurotoxicol Branch,MD B105 05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gilbert.mary@epa.gov NR 135 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 37 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4522 J9 NEUROSCIENCE JI Neuroscience PD JUN 3 PY 2013 VL 239 SI SI BP 253 EP 270 DI 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.11.022 PG 18 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 134KO UT WOS:000318209300020 PM 23201250 ER PT J AU Macias-Zamora, JV Castro-Morales, K Burke, RA Lopez-Mariscal, M AF Vinicio Macias-Zamora, Jose Castro-Morales, Karel Burke, Roger Allen Lopez-Mariscal, Manuel TI Dissolved methane in the sills region of the Gulf of California SO CIENCIAS MARINAS LA English DT Article DE dissolved methane; gas chromatography; potential methane sources and origin ID EAST CHINA SEA; NORTHERN GULF; GUAYMAS BASIN; HYDROTHERMAL ACTIVITY; OXIDATION; WATERS; DISTRIBUTIONS; EXCHANGE; FLUXES; OCEAN AB An unusual combination of features makes the Midriff Islands region of the northern Gulf of California (NGC) a strong atmospheric methane source. Oceanographic isolation by a series of sills and islands along with upward transport of nutrient-rich water enhanced by tidal currents, upwelling, and overflows results in high productivity. The resulting high phytoplankton biomass likely stimulates biogeochemical cycling that, in turn, may stimulate biological methane production in the water column and sediments. Additionally, venting of abiogenic methane-rich hydrothermal fluids in this tectonically active area and seepage of biogenic or thermogenic methane gas from the sediments may also be important sources. We found elevated methane concentrations throughout our study area, the highest within the Ballenas Channel, which was supersaturated with respect to atmospheric methane at all depths. Our vertical methane profiles show that elevated dissolved methane concentrations in the NGC are mainly associated with Gulf of California Water (GCW). Data from 22 stations suggest southward advection of methane via the methane-rich GCW, and lower methane concentrations south of the sills area. Our observations of supersaturated methane concentrations at all stations and all depths in the Ballenas Channel suggest that it is a strong source of methane to the atmosphere and to other parts of the NGC. In particular, station 7 at 50, 20, and 0 m depths had methane (CH4) concentrations of 49.1, 48.3, and 43.5 nM, respectively, corresponding to saturation values of 2090%, 2050%, and 1850%, respectively. Our calculated NGC fluxes ranged from 3.4 to 103.4 mu mol CH4 m(-2) d(-1). The average methane flux calculated for our entire study area was 21.1 mu mol CH4 m(-2) d(-1). These values are higher than those measured at many other high productivity sites worldwide including upwelling sites, and suggest input of methane via hydrothermal fluids or seepage from the sediments. C1 [Vinicio Macias-Zamora, Jose; Castro-Morales, Karel] Univ Autonoma Baja California, Inst Invest Oceanol, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico. [Burke, Roger Allen] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Lopez-Mariscal, Manuel] Ctr Invest Cient & Educ Super Ensenada, Dept Oceanog Fis, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico. [Castro-Morales, Karel] Helmholtz Ctr Polar & Marine Res, Alfred Wegener Inst, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany. RP Macias-Zamora, JV (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Baja California, Inst Invest Oceanol, Carretera Tijuana Ensenada 3917, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico. EM vmacias@uabc.edu.mx FU National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT, Mexico) [G33464-T] FX Although this work was reviewed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and approved for publication, it might not necessarily reflect Agency policy. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We would like to express our thanks to the National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT, Mexico) for partially financing the project under contract #G33464-T. We would also like to thank the crew of the oceanographic vessel Francisco de Ulloa for helping during the field work. NR 59 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU INST INVESTIGACIONES OCEANOLOGICAS, U A B C PI BAJA CALIFORNIA PA APARTADO POSTAL 423, ENSENADA, BAJA CALIFORNIA 22800, MEXICO SN 0185-3880 J9 CIENC MAR JI Ceinc. Mar. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 39 IS 2 BP 119 EP 135 DI 10.7773/cm.v39i2.2232 PG 17 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 268KY UT WOS:000328170100002 ER PT J AU Hobbs, GJ AF Hobbs, Gregory J., Jr. TI PERSONAL MEMOIR: JUDGE WILLIAM E. DOYLE AND GOVERNOR RALPH L. CARR; PEERS FOR EQUAL JUSTICE SO DENVER UNIVERSITY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article AB In this personal recollection, Justice Hobbs relates how clerking for Judge William E Doyle early in the history of the Keyes case eventually led Justice Hobbs to serving on the Colorado Supreme Court. Justice Hobbs compares Judge Doyle to Governor Ralph Can as peers for justice who upheld the civil rights of others, despite being reviled by many at the time. Governor Can spoke up for the constitutional rights of Japanese Americans relocated to Colorado during World War II. Judge Doyle prohibited the de jure segregation of the Denver Public Schools. The Learning Center of Colorado's Ralph Can Judicial Center numbers their actions among the most significant legal milestones in Colorado history. C1 [Hobbs, Gregory J., Jr.] Colorado Supreme Court, Denver, CO 80203 USA. [Hobbs, Gregory J., Jr.] US Court Appeals Tenth Circuit, Denver, CO USA. [Hobbs, Gregory J., Jr.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Hobbs, GJ (reprint author), Colorado Supreme Court, Denver, CO 80203 USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU DENVER UNIV LAW REV PI DENVER PA UNIV DENVER STURM COLL LAW, 2255 E EVANS AVE, STE 425, DENVER, CO 80208 USA SN 0883-9409 J9 DENVER U LAW REV JI Denver Univ. Law Rev. PD SUM PY 2013 VL 90 IS 5 BP 1121 EP 1137 PG 17 GA 259YS UT WOS:000327562800005 ER PT J AU Patil, S Covino, TP Packman, AI McGlynn, BL Drummond, JD Payn, RA Schumer, R AF Patil, Sopan Covino, Timothy P. Packman, Aaron I. McGlynn, Brian L. Drummond, Jennifer D. Payn, Robert A. Schumer, Rina TI Intrastream variability in solute transport: Hydrologic and geomorphic controls on solute retention SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE LA English DT Article DE Tracer Breakthrough Curves; stream solute; solute transport ID RESIDENCE TIME DISTRIBUTION; SUBSURFACE WATER EXCHANGE; STREAM-AQUIFER SYSTEMS; TRANSIENT STORAGE; SEASONAL-VARIATION; BED FORMS; HYPORHEIC EXCHANGE; NUTRIENT-UPTAKE; RESTORATION; MODEL AB Hydrologic fluctuations and geomorphic heterogeneity are expected to produce substantial variability in solute transport within rivers. However, this variability has not been sufficiently explored due to the limited availability of solute injection data in most rivers. Here, we analyzed 81 tracer injection breakthrough curves (BTCs) along Stringer Creek, a 5.5km(2) watershed in Montana. BTC measurements were obtained for three baseflow conditions at 27 reaches along a 2600m stream channel. BTCs in upstream reaches (first 1400m) had receding tails with shallow slopes, indicating high solute retention. Conversely, BTCs in downstream reaches (1400 to 2600m) had receding tails with steeper slopes, indicating low solute retention relative to upstream reaches. Difference in BTC tails along the stream channel coincided with changes in channel morphology and bedrock geology. Specifically, channel slope increases from 5-6% (upstream) to 9% (downstream), channel sinuosity decreases from a maximum of 1.32 (upstream) to 1.02 (downstream), and the underlying bedrock changes from sandstone (upstream) to granite-gneiss (downstream). Importantly, intrastream differences in BTC tails were distinctly observable only during the two lowest baseflow conditions. Spatial variability of BTC tail-slopes was most sensitive to changes in local discharge at low flow, and to changes in channel sinuosity at high flow. BTC tail-slopes varied temporally with local discharge and velocity at upstream reaches, but not at downstream reaches. These results suggest that local interactions between channel morphology and solute retention vary with hydrologic conditions, and that solute retention becomes more homogeneous at higher stream discharge. C1 [Patil, Sopan] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Covino, Timothy P.; McGlynn, Brian L.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Packman, Aaron I.; Drummond, Jennifer D.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Evanston, IL USA. [Payn, Robert A.] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Schumer, Rina] Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Div Hydrol Sci, Reno, NV 89506 USA. RP Patil, S (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM sopan.patil@gmail.com RI Patil, Sopan/E-8497-2011; McGlynn, Brian/A-2509-2008; Packman, Aaron/B-7085-2009; Schumer, Rina/H-1179-2011 OI Patil, Sopan/0000-0002-8575-5220; McGlynn, Brian/0000-0001-5266-4894; Schumer, Rina/0000-0001-6094-5637 FU NSF [EAR-0636043] FX Work on this paper commenced during the Summer Institute organized at the University of British Columbia (UBC) during June-August 2010 as part of the NSF-funded Hydrologic Synthesis project, "Water Cycle Dynamics in a Changing Environment: Advancing Hydrologic Science through Synthesis" (NSF grant EAR-0636043, M. Sivapalan, PI). We acknowledge the support and advice of numerous participants at the Summer Institute (students and faculty mentors). We would also like to thank Alexander Densmore (editor) and the two anonymous reviewers for providing insightful comments that have greatly improved this paper. NR 57 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 24 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9003 EI 2169-9011 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 118 IS 2 BP 413 EP 422 DI 10.1029/2012JF002455 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 225VU UT WOS:000324993900006 ER PT J AU Allard, P Kleinstreuer, NC Knudsen, TB Colaiacovo, MP AF Allard, Patrick Kleinstreuer, Nicole C. Knudsen, Thomas B. Colaiacovo, Monica P. TI A C. elegans Screening Platform for the Rapid Assessment of Chemical Disruption of Germline Function SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE aneuploidy; C. elegans; chromosome segregation; germline; pesticides ID CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; BISPHENOL-A; TOXCAST PROGRAM; ANEUPLOIDY; TOXICITY; MOUSE; THIABENDAZOLE; ABNORMALITIES; CHECKPOINT; MEIOSIS AB BACKGROUND: Despite the developmental impact of chromosome segregation errors, we lack the tools to assess environmental effects on the integrity of the germline in animals. OBJECTIVES: We developed an assay in Caenorhabditis elegans that fluorescently marks aneuploid embryos after chemical exposure. METHODS: We qualified the predictive value of the assay against chemotherapeutic agents as well as environmental compounds from the ToxCast Phase I library by comparing results from the C. elegans assay with the comprehensive mammalian in vivo end point data from the ToxRef database. RESULTS: The assay was highly predictive of mammalian reproductive toxicities, with a 69% maximum balanced accuracy. We confirmed the effect of select compounds on germ-line integrity by monitoring germ-line apoptosis and meiotic progression. CONCLUSIONS: This C. elegans assay provides a comprehensive strategy for assessing environmental effects on germ-line function. C1 [Allard, Patrick; Colaiacovo, Monica P.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Allard, Patrick] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Allard, Patrick] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Soc & Genet, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Kleinstreuer, Nicole C.; Knudsen, Thomas B.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Colaiacovo, MP (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, NRB 334,77 Ave Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM mcolaiacovo@genetics.med.harvard.edu OI Kleinstreuer, Nicole/0000-0002-7914-3682 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R01GM072551]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [K99ES020353]; Colgate-Palmolive Alternative Research Grant; Charles E.W. Grinnell Fund for Medical Research Award; John and Virginia Kaneb Fellowship FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant R01GM072551 (M. P. C.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) grant K99ES020353 (P. A.), the Colgate-Palmolive Alternative Research Grant (P. A.), and the Charles E.W. Grinnell Fund for Medical Research Award and the John and Virginia Kaneb Fellowship (M.P.C.). NR 33 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 12 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 121 IS 6 BP 717 EP 724 DI 10.1289/ehp.1206301 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 208VN UT WOS:000323709400022 PM 23603051 ER PT J AU Schug, TT Nadadur, SS Johnson, AF AF Schug, Thaddeus T. Nadadur, Srikanth S. Johnson, Anne F. TI Nano GO Consortium-A Team Science Approach to Assess Engineered Nanomaterials: Reliable Assays and Methods SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Schug, Thaddeus T.; Nadadur, Srikanth S.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Extramural Res & Training,Cellular Organs & S, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Johnson, Anne F.] MDB Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Schug, TT (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Extramural Res & Training,Cellular Organs & S, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM nadadurs@niehs.nih.gov NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 121 IS 6 BP A176 EP A177 DI 10.1289/ehp.1306866 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 208VN UT WOS:000323709400001 PM 23733101 ER PT J AU Reich, B Cooley, D Foley, K Napelenok, S Shaby, B AF Reich, Brian Cooley, Daniel Foley, Kristen Napelenok, Sergey Shaby, Benjamin TI EXTREME VALUE ANALYSIS FOR EVALUATING OZONE CONTROL STRATEGIES SO ANNALS OF APPLIED STATISTICS LA English DT Article DE Bayesian hierarchical modeling; generalized Pareto distribution; spatial data analysis; statistical downscaling ID PRECIPITATION EXTREMES; BAYESIAN-ANALYSIS; MODEL; CALIBRATION; EXCEEDANCES; SIMULATIONS; THRESHOLDS; PREDICTION; EVENTS; OUTPUT AB Tropospheric ozone is one of six criteria pollutants regulated by the US EPA, and has been linked to respiratory and cardiovascular endpoints and adverse effects on vegetation and ecosystems. Regional photochemical models have been developed to study the impacts of emission reductions on ozone levels. The standard approach is to run the deterministic model under new emission levels and attribute the change in ozone concentration to the emission control strategy. However, running the deterministic model requires substantial computing time, and this approach does not provide a measure of uncertainty for the change in ozone levels. Recently, a reduced form model (RFM) has been proposed to approximate the complex model as a simple function of a few relevant inputs. In this paper, we develop a new statistical approach to make full use of the RFM to study the effects of various control strategies on the probability and magnitude of extreme ozone events. We fuse the model output with monitoring data to calibrate the RFM by modeling the conditional distribution of monitoring data given the RFM using a combination of flexible semiparametric quantile regression for the center of the distribution where data are abundant and a parametric extreme value distribution for the tail where data are sparse. Selected parameters in the conditional distribution are allowed to vary by the RFM value and the spatial location. Also, due to the simplicity of the RFM, we are able to embed the RFM in our Bayesian hierarchical framework to obtain a full posterior for the model input parameters, and propagate this uncertainty to the estimation of the effects of the control strategies. We use the new framework to evaluate three potential control strategies, and find that reducing mobile-source emissions has a larger impact than reducing point-source emissions or a combination of several emission sources. C1 [Reich, Brian] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Cooley, Daniel] Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Foley, Kristen; Napelenok, Sergey] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Shaby, Benjamin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Stat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Reich, B (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, 2501 Founders Dr,Box 8203, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM reich@stat.ncsu.edu RI Napelenok, Sergey/I-7986-2014 OI Napelenok, Sergey/0000-0002-7038-7445 FU NIH [R01-ES-014843-02]; EPA-STAR [R835228]; NSF [DMS-11-07046, DMS-09-05315]; United States Environmental Protection Agency through Office of Research and Development FX Supported in part by NIH Grant R01-ES-014843-02 (Reich), EPA-STAR award R835228 (Reich and Cooley), and the NSF (DMS-11-07046, Reich; DMS-09-05315, Cooley). The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here (Foley and Napelenok). It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 9 PU INST MATHEMATICAL STATISTICS PI CLEVELAND PA 3163 SOMERSET DR, CLEVELAND, OH 44122 USA SN 1932-6157 J9 ANN APPL STAT JI Ann. Appl. Stat. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 7 IS 2 BP 739 EP 762 DI 10.1214/13-AOAS628 PG 24 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 197DO UT WOS:000322829800006 PM 24587842 ER PT J AU Marten, AL Newbold, SC AF Marten, Alex L. Newbold, Stephen C. TI CORRESPONDENCE: Temporal resolution and DICE SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Marten, Alex L.; Newbold, Stephen C.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Marten, AL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, 1200 Penn Ave, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM marten.alex@epa.gov NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1758-678X J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE JI Nat. Clim. Chang. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 3 IS 6 BP 526 EP 527 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 174OX UT WOS:000321166400003 ER PT J AU Martin, WJ Glass, RI Araj, H Balbus, J Collins, FS Curtis, S Diette, GB Elwood, WN Falk, H Hibberd, PL Keown, SEJ Mehta, S Patrick, E Rosenbaum, J Sapkota, A Tolunay, HE Bruce, NG AF Martin, William J., II Glass, Roger I. Araj, Houmam Balbus, John Collins, Francis S. Curtis, Sian Diette, Gregory B. Elwood, William N. Falk, Henry Hibberd, Patricia L. Keown, Susan E. J. Mehta, Sumi Patrick, Erin Rosenbaum, Julia Sapkota, Amir Tolunay, H. Eser Bruce, Nigel G. TI Household Air Pollution in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Health Risks and Research Priorities SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID RETROSPECTIVE COHORT; STOVE IMPROVEMENT; CARBON-MONOXIDE; EXPOSURE; GUATEMALA; CHILDREN; CHINA; DISEASE; XUANWEI; SMOKE C1 [Martin, William J., II] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD USA. [Glass, Roger I.] Natl Inst Hlth, John E Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Araj, Houmam] NEI, Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Balbus, John] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Inst Hlth, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Collins, Francis S.] Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD USA. [Curtis, Sian] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Populat Ctr, MEASURE Evaluat Project, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Curtis, Sian] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Maternal & Child Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Diette, Gregory B.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Elwood, William N.] Natl Inst Hlth, Off Behav & Social Sci Res, Bethesda, MD USA. [Falk, Henry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Noncommunicable Dis Injury & Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hibberd, Patricia L.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Global Hlth, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Keown, Susan E. J.] Palladian Partners, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Mehta, Sumi] Global Alliance Clean Cookstoves, Washington, DC USA. [Patrick, Erin] Womens Refugee Commiss, New York, NY USA. [Rosenbaum, Julia] FHI 360, Washington, DC USA. [Sapkota, Amir] Univ Maryland, Sch Publ Hlth, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Tolunay, H. Eser] Natl Inst Hlth, Natl Heart Lung & Blood Inst, Div Cardiovasc Sci, Bethesda, MD USA. [Bruce, Nigel G.] Univ Liverpool, Dept Publ Hlth & Policy, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Bruce, Nigel G.] WHO, Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Martin, WJ (reprint author), Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD USA. EM wjmartin@mail.nih.gov RI Sapkota, Amir/A-5968-2011 FU NICHD NIH HHS [R24 HD041041, R24 HD050924, U01 HD058322, U10 HD078439] NR 48 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 21 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1549-1676 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 10 IS 6 AR e1001455 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001455 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 172WB UT WOS:000321034800001 PM 23750119 ER PT J AU Pleil, JD Miekisch, W Risby, TH Madden, MC Sobus, JR AF Pleil, Joachim D. Miekisch, Wolfram Risby, Terence H. Madden, Michael C. Sobus, Jon R. TI Meeting reports for 2013: recent advances in breath biomarker research SO JOURNAL OF BREATH RESEARCH LA English DT Article C1 [Pleil, Joachim D.; Sobus, Jon R.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Miekisch, Wolfram] Univ Hosp Rostock, Dept Anaesthesia & Intens Care Med, Rostock, Germany. [Risby, Terence H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Madden, Michael C.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Pleil, JD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM pleil.joachim@epa.gov; wolfram.miekisch@uni-rostock.de; madden.michael@epa.gov; sobus.jon@epa.gov NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 17 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1752-7155 J9 J BREATH RES JI J. Breath Res. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 7 IS 2 AR 029001 DI 10.1088/1752-7155/7/2/029001 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Respiratory System SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Respiratory System GA 176UV UT WOS:000321332200013 ER PT J AU Vogel, JR Griffin, DW Ip, HS Ashbolt, NJ Moser, MT Lu, JR Beitz, MK Ryu, H Domingo, JWS AF Vogel, Jason R. Griffin, Dale W. Ip, Hon S. Ashbolt, Nicholas J. Moser, Matthew T. Lu, Jingrang Beitz, Mary K. Ryu, Hodon Domingo, Jorge W. Santo TI Impacts of Migratory Sandhill Cranes (Grus canadensis) on Microbial Water Quality in the Central Platte River, Nebraska, USA SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Sandhill Cranes; Microbial water quality; Nebraska ID JEJUNI SUBSP JEJUNI; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; REAL-TIME PCR; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SOURCE-TRACKING; GULL FECES; FECAL CONTAMINATION; MOLECULAR-DETECTION; CANADA GOOSE AB Wild birds have been shown to be significant sources of numerous types of pathogens that are relevant to humans and agriculture. The presence of large numbers of migratory birds in such a sensitive and important ecosystem as the Platte River in central Nebraska, USA, could potentially serve a significant source of bird-derived pathogens in the water/sediment and riverine environment. In 2009 and 2010, a study was completed to investigate the potential water-quality impacts of Sandhill Cranes and Snow Geese on the microbial water quality of the central Platte River during their spring migration period. Fecal material, river-bottom sediment, and water samples were collected from January through May of each year during the spring migration season of Sandhill Cranes in the Central Flyway of North America. Results indicate that several types of fecal indicator bacteria and from a range of viral, protozoan, and bacterial pathogens, Campylobacter jejuni were present in Sandhill Crane excreta, and at significantly higher frequency and densities in water and sediments when the Sandhill Cranes were present, particularly during evening roosts within the Platte River environment. Therefore, further investigation of the health significance of avian pathogens is warranted for the Platte River in Central Nebraska during migration of Sandhill Cranes and other waterfowl. C1 [Vogel, Jason R.; Beitz, Mary K.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Griffin, Dale W.] USGS Florida Integrated Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. [Ip, Hon S.] USGS Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA. [Ashbolt, Nicholas J.; Lu, Jingrang; Ryu, Hodon; Domingo, Jorge W. Santo] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Moser, Matthew T.] USGS Nebraska Water Sci Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68512 USA. RP Vogel, JR (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM jason.vogel@okstate.edu RI Ryu, Hodon/E-4610-2011 OI Ryu, Hodon/0000-0002-6992-2519 NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 99 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 224 IS 6 AR 1576 DI 10.1007/s11270-013-1576-3 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 181JX UT WOS:000321665000009 ER PT J AU Pillai, P Khlystov, A Walker, J Aneja, V AF Pillai, Priya Khlystov, Andrey Walker, John Aneja, Viney TI Observation and Analysis of Particle Nucleation at a Forest Site in Southeastern US SO ATMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE nucleation; particle size distribution; SMPS; DMA; CPC; nucleation frequency; biogenic VOC; condensation sink; PAR; growth rate ID AEROSOL-SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; PITTSBURGH AIR-QUALITY; BOUNDARY-LAYER; MODE PARTICLES; BOREAL FOREST; ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES; SULFURIC-ACID; ALPHA-PINENE; GROWTH-RATES; BETA-PINENE AB This study examines the characteristics of new particle formation at a forest site in southeastern US. Particle size distributions above a Loblolly pine plantation were measured between November 2005 and September 2007 and analyzed by event type and frequency, as well as in relation to meteorological and atmospheric chemical conditions. Nucleation events occurred on 69% of classifiable observation days. Nucleation frequency was highest in spring. The highest daily nucleation (class A and B events) frequency (81%) was observed in April. The average total particle number concentration on nucleation days was 8,684 cm(-3) (10 < D-p < 250 nm) and 3,991 cm(-3) (10 < D-p < 25 nm) with a mode diameter of 28 nm with corresponding values on non-nucleation days of 2,143 cm(-3), 655 cm(-3), and 44.5 nm, respectively. The annual average growth rate during nucleation events was 2.7 +/- 0.3 nm.h(-1). Higher growth rates were observed during summer months with highest rates observed in May (5.0 +/- 3.6 nm.h(-1)). Winter months were associated with lower growth rates, the lowest occurring in February (1.2 +/- 2.2 nm.h(-1)). Consistent with other studies, nucleation events were more likely to occur on days with higher radiative flux and lower relative humidity compared to non-nucleation days. The daily minimum in the condensation sink, which typically occurred 2 to 3 h after sunrise, was a good indicator of the timing of nucleation onset. The intensity of the event, indicated by the total particle number concentration, was well correlated with photo-synthetically active radiation, used here as a surrogate for total global radiation, and relative humidity. Even though the role of biogenic VOC in the initial nuclei formation is not understood from this study, the relationships with chemical precursors and secondary aerosol products associated with nucleation, coupled with diurnal boundary layer dynamics and seasonal meteorological patterns, suggest that H2SO4 and biogenic VOC play a role in nucleated particle growth at this site. C1 [Pillai, Priya; Aneja, Viney] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Khlystov, Andrey] RTI Int, Durham, NC 27709 USA. [Walker, John] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Pillai, P (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Box 8208, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM prpillai@ncsu.edu; akhlystov@rti.org; walker.johnt@epamail.epa.gov; vpaneja@ncsu.edu RI Khlystov, Andrey/C-6134-2009 OI Khlystov, Andrey/0000-0001-9606-3919 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-95ER62083]; US Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors would like to acknowledge that the Duke Forest meteorology data was obtained from Brookhaven National Laboratory under the US Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. This research was supported in part by the Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy, Grant No. DE-FG02-95ER62083. The work described in this paper was partially funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency. The contents do not necessarily reflect the view of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. Mention of commercial products does not constitute endorsement by the Agency. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for publication as an EPA document. NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 24 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2073-4433 J9 ATMOSPHERE-BASEL JI Atmosphere PD JUN PY 2013 VL 4 IS 2 BP 72 EP 93 DI 10.3390/atmos4020072 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 175RZ UT WOS:000321251200001 ER PT J AU Sipes, NS Martin, MT Kothiya, P Reif, DM Judson, RS Richard, AM Houck, KA Dix, DJ Kavlock, RJ Knudsen, TB AF Sipes, Nisha S. Martin, Matthew T. Kothiya, Parth Reif, David M. Judson, Richard S. Richard, Ann M. Houck, Keith A. Dix, David J. Kavlock, Robert J. Knudsen, Thomas B. TI Profiling 976 ToxCast Chemicals across 331 Enzymatic and Receptor Signaling Assays SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID THROUGHPUT SCREENING DATA; IN-VITRO; PHARMACOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION; ANTIPSYCHOTIC-DRUGS; PREDICTIVE MODELS; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; HUMAN HEPATOCYTES; GENE-EXPRESSION; BINDING; TOXICITY AB Understanding potential health risks is a significant challenge due to the large numbers of diverse chemicals with poorly characterized exposures and mechanisms of toxicities. The present study analyzes 976 chemicals (including failed pharmaceuticals, alternative plasticizers, food additives, and pesticides) in Phases I and II of the U.S. EPA's ToxCast project across 331 cell-free enzymatic and ligand-binding high-throughput screening (HTS) assays. Half-maximal activity concentrations (AC50) were identified for 729 chemicals in 256 assays (7,135 chemical-assay pairs). Some of the most commonly affected assays were CYPs (CYP2C9 and CYP2C19), transporters (mitochondria] TSPO, norepinephrine, and dopaminergic), and GPCRs (aminergic). Heavy metals, surfactants, and dithiocarbamate fungicides showed promiscuous but distinctly different patterns of activity, whereas many of the pharmaceutical compounds showed promiscuous activity across GPCRs. Literature analysis confirmed >50% of the activities for the most potent chemical-assay pairs (54) but also revealed 10 missed interactions. Twenty-two chemicals with known estrogenic activity were correctly identified for the majority (77%), missing only the weaker interactions. In many cases, novel findings for previously unreported chemical- target combinations clustered with known chemical-target interactions. Results from this large inventory of chemical-biological interactions can inform read-across methods as well as link potential targets to molecular initiating events in adverse outcome pathways for diverse toxicities. C1 [Sipes, Nisha S.; Martin, Matthew T.; Kothiya, Parth; Reif, David M.; Judson, Richard S.; Richard, Ann M.; Houck, Keith A.; Dix, David J.; Kavlock, Robert J.; Knudsen, Thomas B.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Sipes, NS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol B205 01, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM sipes.nisha@epa.gov; knudsen.thomas@epa.gov OI Kothiya, Parth/0000-0002-5495-9597; Judson, Richard/0000-0002-2348-9633; Reif, David/0000-0001-7815-6767 NR 96 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 5 U2 46 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X EI 1520-5010 J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 26 IS 6 BP 878 EP 895 DI 10.1021/tx400021 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA 168EU UT WOS:000320689300005 PM 23611293 ER PT J AU Atkinson, CL Vaughn, CC Forshay, KJ Cooper, JT AF Atkinson, Carla L. Vaughn, Caryn C. Forshay, Kenneth J. Cooper, Joshua T. TI Aggregated filter-feeding consumers alter nutrient limitation: consequences for ecosystem and community dynamics SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE algae; mussel; nitrogen; nonmetric multidimensional scaling; nutrient limitation; nutrient translocation; spatial heterogeneity; stoichiometry; unionid ID FRESH-WATER ECOSYSTEMS; PRIMARY PRODUCERS; MUSSELS MOLLUSCA; STREAM ECOSYSTEM; STOICHIOMETRY; RIVER; ENRICHMENT; PHOSPHORUS; BIVALVES; NITROGEN AB Nutrient cycling is a key process linking organisms in ecosystems. This is especially apparent in stream environments in which nutrients are taken up readily and cycled through the system in a downstream trajectory. Ecological stoichiometry predicts that biogeochemical cycles of different elements are interdependent because the organisms that drive these cycles require fixed ratios of nutrients. There is growing recognition that animals play an important role in biogeochemical cycling across ecosystems. In particular, dense aggregations of consumers can create biogeochemical hotspots in aquatic ecosystems via nutrient translocation. We predicted that filter-feeding freshwater mussels, which occur as speciose, high-biomass aggregates, would create biogeochemical hotspots in streams by altering nutrient limitation and algal dynamics. In a field study, we manipulated nitrogen and phosphorus using nutrient-diffusing substrates in areas with high and low mussel abundance, recorded algal growth and community composition, and determined in situ mussel excretion stoichiometry at 18 sites in three rivers (Kiamichi, Little, and Mountain Fork Rivers, south-central United States). Our results indicate that mussels greatly influence ecosystem processes by modifying the nutrients that limit primary productivity. Sites without mussels were N-limited with similar to 26% higher relative abundances of N-fixing blue-green algae, while sites with high mussel densities were co-limited (N and P) and dominated by diatoms. These results corroborated the results of our excretion experiments; our path analysis indicated that mussel excretion has a strong influence on stream water column N: P. Due to the high N: P of mussel excretion, strict N-limitation was alleviated, and the system switched to being co-limited by both N and P. This shows that translocation of nutrients by mussel aggregations is important to nutrient dynamics and algal species composition in these rivers. Our study highlights the importance of consumers and this imperiled faunal group on nutrient cycling and community dynamics in aquatic ecosystems. C1 [Atkinson, Carla L.; Vaughn, Caryn C.] Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma Biol Survey, Dept Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Atkinson, Carla L.; Vaughn, Caryn C.] Univ Oklahoma, Ecol & Evolutionary Biol Grad Program, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Forshay, Kenneth J.] US EPA, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Off Res & Dev, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Cooper, Joshua T.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. RP Atkinson, CL (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma Biol Survey, 111 East Chesapeake St, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM carlalatkinson@gmail.com RI Forshay, Ken/N-4068-2014; Forshay, Kenneth/P-3649-2015 OI Forshay, Ken/0000-0002-2867-8492; Forshay, Kenneth/0000-0002-2867-8492 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) FX We thank Lynda Callaway, Kristie Hargrove, Ashley McElmurry, and Lisa Constantino at the Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Center (RSKERC) in Ada, Oklahoma, and Dave Hambright and the University of Oklahoma Biological Station for laboratory assistance and equipment use. Thanks to the many landowners for allowing access to their property and advice on good river access. George Martin, Joe Steil, and Trina Steil assisted with the construction of the NDS materials. This manuscript benefited from reviews by Dan Allen, Jessica Beyer, Natalie Clay, Alan Covich, Thayer Hallidayschult, Jeffrey Kelly, Stephen Golladay, Michael Patten, and David Strayer. C. Atkinson was supported in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) under the Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Graduate Fellowship Program in collaboration with K. Forshay (RSKERC). This article has not been subjected to internal policy review of the USEPA. Therefore, the research results do not reflect the views of the Agency or its policies. This paper was completed as part of a dissertation at the University of Oklahoma and is a contribution to the program of the Oklahoma Biological Survey. NR 56 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 8 U2 114 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD JUN PY 2013 VL 94 IS 6 BP 1359 EP 1369 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 168OG UT WOS:000320714800021 PM 23923499 ER PT J AU Loring, PH Paton, PWC McWilliams, SR McKinney, RA Oviatt, CA AF Loring, Pamela H. Paton, Peter W. C. McWilliams, Scott R. McKinney, Richard A. Oviatt, Candace A. TI Densities of Wintering Scoters in Relation to Benthic Prey Assemblages in a North Atlantic Estuary SO WATERBIRDS LA English DT Article DE benthic community; habitat use; Melanitta; Mergini; Narragansett Bay; scoters; winter surveys ID EIDERS SOMATERIA-MOLLISSIMA; WHITE-WINGED SCOTERS; COMMON EIDERS; HABITAT SELECTION; MYTILUS-EDULIS; SURF SCOTERS; DIVING DUCKS; BLUE MUSSELS; SEA DUCKS; SIZE AB During winter, molluscivorous sea ducks often form high density feeding flocks in association with patchily distributed prey, although few studies have documented the substrate and prey characteristics where sea ducks (tribe: Mergini) aggregate and thus what constitutes high-value sea duck foraging habitat. Sea duck surveys were conducted and benthic grab samples collected at sites with different benthic substrate characteristics to compare macroinvertebrate community assemblages in relation to densities of three species of sea ducks: (Surf (Melanitta perspicillata), Black (M. americana), and White-winged (M. fusca) scoters (hereafter "scoters" when combined) during winter (2010-2011) in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, an urbanized estuary in the Northwest Atlantic. Overall, the highest densities of scoters (104 +/- 17 per 0.5 km(2)) were found over sand substrates with homogeneous assemblages of infaunal prey. Significantly lower densities of scoters (21 4 per 0.5 km(2)) were associated with mixed sand-gravel-mud substrates that supported epifaunal assemblages and patchily distributed infauna. Mean energy densities (kcal/g) were higher among infaunal (0.64-4.49) vs. epifaunal (0.17-0.53) prey. Overall biomass (g/m(2)) of polychaetes was higher in mixed substrates, and biomass of infaunal bivalves did not significantly differ among habitat type. However, infaunal prey may have been less accessible to scoters at sites with mixed substrates due to a barrier effect created by high-densities of epifauna with low energetic value. Thus, sand-substrate sites supporting infaunal benthic communities may provide high-quality feeding habitat for scoters wintering in the Northwest Atlantic. Understanding the influences of benthic habitat characteristics and macroinvertebrate prey assemblages on distribution of feeding scoters is particularly important for managing sea ducks in areas with increasing anthropogenic development in the coastal zone. Received 16 November 2012, accepted 13 February 2013. C1 [Loring, Pamela H.; Paton, Peter W. C.; McWilliams, Scott R.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Nat Resources Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [McKinney, Richard A.] US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Oviatt, Candace A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Loring, PH (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, 160 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM pam_loring@my.uri.edu FU Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management; University of Rhode Island FX We thank Don Cobb and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, for providing extensive support for benthic sampling. We also thank Joe Attwater for collecting survey data, and Penelope Pooler for providing statistical advice. Dan Esler and John Takekawa provided helpful reviews that improved the manuscript. Funding for this study was provided by the Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management and the University of Rhode Island. NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 18 PU WATERBIRD SOC PI WASHINGTON PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 1524-4695 J9 WATERBIRDS JI Waterbirds PD JUN PY 2013 VL 36 IS 2 BP 144 EP 155 PG 12 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 163NU UT WOS:000320345000003 ER PT J AU Keeley, M Koburger, A Dolowitz, DP Medearis, D Nickel, D Shuster, W AF Keeley, Melissa Koburger, Althea Dolowitz, David P. Medearis, Dale Nickel, Darla Shuster, William TI Perspectives on the Use of Green Infrastructure for Stormwater Management in Cleveland and Milwaukee SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE LID; Green infrastructure; Cleveland OH; Milwaukee WI; Urban redevelopment; Stormwater management ID WATER MANAGEMENT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RUST BELT; URBAN; QUALITY; RUNOFF; IMPEDIMENTS; IMPACTS; IMPROVE; SYSTEMS AB Green infrastructure is a general term referring to the management of landscapes in ways that generate human and ecosystem benefits. Many municipalities have begun to utilize green infrastructure in efforts to meet stormwater management goals. This study examines challenges to integrating gray and green infrastructure for stormwater management, informed by interviews with practitioners in Cleveland, OH and Milwaukee WI. Green infrastructure in these cities is utilized under conditions of extreme fiscal austerity and its use presents opportunities to connect stormwater management with urban revitalization and economic recovery while planning for the effects of negative- or zero-population growth. In this context, specific challenges in capturing the multiple benefits of green infrastructure exist because the projects required to meet federally mandated stormwater management targets and the needs of urban redevelopment frequently differ in scale and location. C1 [Keeley, Melissa] George Washington Univ, Dept Geog, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Koburger, Althea] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Dolowitz, David P.] Univ Liverpool, Dept Polit, Liverpool L69 7ZT, Merseyside, England. [Medearis, Dale] Northern Virginia Reg Commiss, Fairfax, VA 22031 USA. [Nickel, Darla] Inst Ecol, D-10717 Berlin, Germany. [Shuster, William] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Keeley, M (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Geog, 1922 F St NW, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM keeley@gwu.edu; Altheak@gwmail.gwu.edu; Dolowitz@liv.ac.uk; dmedearis@novaregion.org; darla.nickel@ecologic.eu; Shuster.William@epamail.epa.gov FU US EPA Office of Research and Development (ORD); National Risk Management Research Laboratory (NRMRL) [EP-11-C-000067] FX This study was supported, in part, by the US EPA Office of Research and Development (ORD) and National Risk Management Research Laboratory (NRMRL), under contract EP-11-C-000067. The authors wish to thank Kyle Dreyfus-Wells, Frank Greenland, Peter McAvoy, Terry Schwarz, Kevin Shafer, Lilah Zautner, and two interviewees who wished to remain anonymous for their contributions to the study. We also appreciate the helpful input of Laura Grape, Sayedul Choudhury, Bob Newport, Brooke Furio, and four anonymous reviewers. This research was performed in compliance with the US ethical standards under the review of the George Washington University Institutional Review Board. The authors declare no conflict of interest. NR 76 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 6 U2 109 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 51 IS 6 BP 1093 EP 1108 DI 10.1007/s00267-013-0032-x PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 157FS UT WOS:000319882000001 PM 23612718 ER PT J AU Ortiz, JGM Wallace, KA Leinisch, F Kadiiska, MB Mason, RP Kligerman, AD AF Ortiz, Jorge G. Muniz Wallace, Kathleen A. Leinisch, Fabian Kadiiska, Maria B. Mason, Ronald P. Kligerman, Andrew D. TI Catalase has a key role in protecting cells from the genotoxic effects of monomethylarsonous acid: A highly active metabolite of arsenic SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE arsenicals; mode of action; reactive oxygen species; DNA damage; Comet assay ID METHYLATED TRIVALENT ARSENICALS; DNA-DAMAGE; MALIGNANT-TRANSFORMATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; DRINKING-WATER; EXPOSURE; REPAIR; MICE; TOXICITY AB Although it is widely known that arsenic-contaminated drinking water causes many diseases, arsenic's exact mode of action (MOA) is not fully understood. Induction of oxidative stress has been proposed as an important key event in the toxic MOA of arsenic. The authors' studies are centered on identifying a reactive species involved in the genotoxicity of arsenic using a catalase (CAT) knockout mouse model that is impaired in its ability to breakdown hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The authors assessed the induction of DNA damage using the Comet assay following exposure of mouse Cat+/+ and Cat-/- primary splenic lymphocytes to monomethylarsonous acid (MMAIII) to identify the potential role of H2O2 in mediating cellular effects of this metalloid. The results showed that the Cat-/- lymphocytes are more susceptible to MMAIII than the Cat+/+ lymphocytes by a small (1.5-fold) but statistically significant difference. CAT activity assays demonstrated that liver tissue has approximately three times more CAT activity than lymphocytes. Therefore, Comet assays were performed on primary Cat+/+, Cat+/-, and Cat-/- hepatocytes to determine if the Cat-/- cells were more susceptible to MMAIII than lymphocytes. The results showed that the Cat-/- hepatocytes exhibit higher levels of DNA strand breakage than the Cat+/+ (approximately fivefold) and Cat+/- (approximately twofold) hepatocytes exposed to MMAIII. Electron spin resonance using 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide as the spin-trap agent detected the generation of center dot OH via MMAIII when H2O2 was present. These experiments suggest that CAT is involved in protecting cells against the genotoxic effects of the center dot OH generated by MMAIII. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 54:317-326, 2013. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Ortiz, Jorge G. Muniz; Wallace, Kathleen A.; Kligerman, Andrew D.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Leinisch, Fabian; Kadiiska, Maria B.; Mason, Ronald P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Toxicol & Pharmacol, Free Rad Metab Grp, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Kligerman, AD (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, B105-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM kligerman.andrew@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Intramural Research Program) FX Grant sponsors: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Intramural Research Program). NR 58 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 EI 1098-2280 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 54 IS 5 BP 317 EP 326 DI 10.1002/em.21780 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 160OB UT WOS:000320127900003 ER PT J AU Wehby, GL Wilcox, A Lie, RT AF Wehby, George L. Wilcox, Allen Lie, Rolv T. TI The impact of cigarette quitting during pregnancy on other prenatal health behaviors SO REVIEW OF ECONOMICS OF THE HOUSEHOLD LA English DT Article DE Cigarette quitting; Smoking; Pregnancy; Caloric intake; Multivitamins; Genetic instruments ID TRYPTOPHAN-HYDROXYLASE GENE; AMINOBUTYRIC-ACID RECEPTOR; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; BODY-MASS INDEX; NICOTINE DEPENDENCE; INSTRUMENTAL VARIABLES; MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION; SMOKING INITIATION; MATERNAL SMOKING; RISK-FACTOR AB Several economic studies have evaluated the effects of cigarette smoking and quitting on other health behaviors such as alcohol use and weight gain. However, there is little research that evaluates the effects of cigarette quitting during pregnancy on other health behaviors such as caloric intake, alcohol consumption, multivitamin use, and caffeine intake. In this paper, we evaluate these effects and employ a genetic variant that predicts cigarette quitting to aid in identification. We find some evidence that cigarette quitting during pregnancy may increase multivitamin use and caloric intake and reduce caffeine consumption. C1 [Wehby, George L.] Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Management & Policy, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Wilcox, Allen] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Lie, Rolv T.] Univ Bergen, Bergen, Norway. RP Wehby, GL (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Management & Policy, 105 River St,N248 CPHB, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM george-wehby@uiowa.edu OI Wilcox, Allen/0000-0002-3376-1311 FU NIDCR NIH HHS [R01 DE020895] NR 80 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1569-5239 J9 REV ECON HOUSEHOLD JI Rev. Econ. Househ. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 11 IS 2 BP 211 EP 233 DI 10.1007/s11150-012-9163-8 PG 23 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 155VA UT WOS:000319775300004 PM 23807871 ER PT J AU Lu, JR Ryu, H Vogel, J Domingo, JS Ashbolt, NJ AF Lu, Jingrang Ryu, Hodon Vogel, Jason Domingo, Jorge Santo Ashbolt, Nicholas J. TI Molecular Detection of Campylobacter spp. and Fecal Indicator Bacteria during the Northern Migration of Sandhill Cranes (Grus canadensis) at the Central Platte River SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CAPTIVE WHOOPING-CRANES; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; PCR ASSAY; RECREATIONAL BEACHES; QUANTITATIVE PCR; JEJUNI; IDENTIFICATION; WATER; CANADA; BIRDS AB The risk to human health of the annual sandhill crane (Grus canadensis) migration through Nebraska, which is thought to be a major source of fecal pollution of the central Platte River, is unknown. To better understand potential risks, the presence of Campylobacter species and three fecal indicator bacterial groups (Enterococcus spp., Escherichia coli, and Bacteroidetes) was assayed by PCR from crane excreta and water samples collected during their stopover at the Platte River, Nebraska, in 2010. Genus-specific PCR assays and sequence analyses identified Campylobacter jejuni as the predominant Campylobacter species in sandhill crane excreta. Campylobacter spp. were detected in 48% of crane excreta, 24% of water samples, and 11% of sediment samples. The estimated densities of Enterococcus spp. were highest in excreta samples (mean, 4.6 x 10(8) cell equivalents [CE]/g), while water samples contained higher levels of Bacteroidetes (mean, 5.1 x 10(5) CE/100 ml). Enterococcus spp., E. coli, and Campylobacter spp. were significantly increased in river water and sediments during the crane migration period, with Enterococcus sp. densities (similar to 3.3 x 10(5) CE/g) 2 to 4 orders of magnitude higher than those of Bacteroidetes (4.9 x 10(3) CE/g), E. coli (2.2 x 10(3) CE/g), and Campylobacter spp. (37 CE/g). Sequencing data for the 16S rRNA gene and Campylobacter species-specific PCR assays indicated that C. jejuni was the major Campylobacter species present in water, sediments, and crane excreta. Overall, migration appeared to result in a significant, but temporary, change in water quality in spring, when there may be a C. jejuni health hazard associated with water and crops visited by the migrating birds. C1 [Lu, Jingrang; Ryu, Hodon; Domingo, Jorge Santo; Ashbolt, Nicholas J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Vogel, Jason] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Lu, JR (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM lu.jingrang@epa.gov RI Ryu, Hodon/E-4610-2011 OI Ryu, Hodon/0000-0002-6992-2519 NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 79 IS 12 BP 3762 EP 3769 DI 10.1128/AEM.03990-12 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 152CO UT WOS:000319507700025 PM 23584775 ER PT J AU Personna, YR Slater, L Ntarlagiannis, D Werkema, D Szabo, Z AF Personna, Yves Robert Slater, Lee Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios Werkema, Dale Szabo, Zoltan TI Complex resistivity signatures of ethanol in sand-clay mixtures SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Complex resistivity; Ethanol; Biofuels; Clay ID SPECTRAL INDUCED POLARIZATION; FREQUENCY ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; NATURAL ATTENUATION; NEAT ETHANOL; IRON BARRIER; SHALY SANDS; WATER; GROUNDWATER; GASOLINE; BENZENE AB We performed complex resistivity (CR) measurements on laboratory columns to investigate changes in electrical properties as a result of varying ethanol (EtOH) concentration (0% to 30% v/v) in a sand-clay (bentonite) matrix. We applied Debye decomposition, a phenomenological model commonly used to fit CR data, to determine model parameters (time constant: tau, chargeability: m, and normalized chargeability: m(n)). The CR data showed a significant (P <= 0.001) time-dependent variation in the clay driven polarization response (similar to 12 mrad) for 0% EtOH concentration. This temporal variation probably results from the clay-water reaction kinetics trending towards equilibrium in the sand-clay-water system. The clay polarization is significantly suppressed (P <= 0.001) for both measured phase (phi) and imaginary conductivity (sigma ') with increasing EtOH concentration. Normalized chargeability consistently decreases (by up to a factor of similar to 2) as EtOH concentration increases from 0% to 10% and 10 to 20%, respectively. We propose that such suppression effects are associated with alterations in the electrical double layer (EDL) at the clay-fluid interface due to (a) strong EtOH adsorption on clay, and (b) complex intermolecular EtOH-water interactions and subsequent changes in ionic mobility on the surface in the EDL Changes in the CR data following a change of the saturating fluid from EtOH 20% to plain water indicate strong hysteresis effects in the electrical response, which we attribute to persistent EtOH adsorption on clay. Our results demonstrate high sensitivity of CR measurements to clay-EtOH interactions in porous media, indicating the potential application of this technique for characterization and monitoring of ethanol contamination in sediments containing clays. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Personna, Yves Robert; Slater, Lee; Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Werkema, Dale] US EPA, NERL, ESD LV, CMB, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Szabo, Zoltan] US Geol Survey, New Jersey Water Sci Ctr, W Trenton, NJ 08628 USA. RP Personna, YR (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 101 Warren St, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. EM personna@andromeda.rutgers.edu; LSlater@andromeda.rutgers.edu; dimntar@andromeda.rutgers.edu; Werkema.D@epamail.epa.gov; zszabo@usgs.gov OI Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios/0000-0002-5353-372X FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP10D000751] FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded the research described here under contract #EP10D000751 to Yves Robert Personna. The manuscript has been subjected to USEPA and USGS reviews and approved for publication. We thank the students Mark Perlmutter and Maribel Granja for their help with the lab work. We thank the editor and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive comments that helped improve the manuscript. Martin Briggs (USGS, OGW, Branch of Geophysics, Storrs, CT) provided valuable review comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. NR 89 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 149 BP 76 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2013.03.005 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 152SC UT WOS:000319550400006 PM 23603518 ER PT J AU Villeneuve, DL Breen, M Bencic, DC Cavallin, JE Jensen, KM Makynen, EA Thomas, LM Wehmas, LC Conolly, RB Ankley, GT AF Villeneuve, Daniel L. Breen, Miyuki Bencic, David C. Cavallin, Jenna E. Jensen, Kathleen M. Makynen, Elizabeth A. Thomas, Linnea M. Wehmas, Leah C. Conolly, Rory B. Ankley, Gerald T. TI Developing Predictive Approaches to Characterize Adaptive Responses of the Reproductive Endocrine Axis to Aromatase Inhibition: I. Data Generation in a Small Fish Model SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE steroidogenesis; endocrine disruption; reproduction; alternative species; compensation; time course ID MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; ZEBRAFISH DANIO-RERIO; FATHEAD MINNOW; MESSENGER-RNA; VITELLOGENIN; EXPRESSION; LETROZOLE; TOXICITY; EXPOSURE; ECOTOXICOLOGY AB Adaptive or compensatory responses to chemical exposure can significantly influence in vivo concentration-duration-response relationships. This study provided data to support development of a computational dynamic model of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis of a model vertebrate and its response to aromatase inhibitors as a class of endocrine active chemicals. Fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were either exposed to the aromatase inhibitor fadrozole (0.5 or 30 g/l) continuously for 1, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, or 28 days or exposed for 8 days and then held in control water (no fadrozole) for an additional 4, 8, 12, 16, or 20 days. The time course of effects on ovarian steroid production, circulating 17-estradiol (E2) and vitellogenin (VTG) concentrations, and expression of steroidogenesis-related genes in the ovary was measured. Exposure to 30 g fadrozole/l significantly reduced plasma E2 and VTG concentrations after just 1 day and those effects persisted throughout 28 days of exposure. In contrast, ex vivo E2 production was similar to that of controls on day 828 of exposure, whereas transcripts coding for aromatase and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor were elevated, suggesting a compensatory response. Following cessation of fadrozole exposure, ex vivo E2 and plasma E2 concentrations exceeded and then recovered to control levels, but plasma VTG concentrations did not, even after 20 days of depuration. Collectively these data provide several new insights into the nature and time course of adaptive responses to an aromatase inhibitor that support development of a computational model (see companion article). C1 [Villeneuve, Daniel L.; Cavallin, Jenna E.; Jensen, Kathleen M.; Makynen, Elizabeth A.; Thomas, Linnea M.; Wehmas, Leah C.; Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Breen, Miyuki] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Biomath Program, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Bencic, David C.] US EPA, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Cavallin, Jenna E.] US EPA, ORISE Res Participat Program, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Conolly, Rory B.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Villeneuve, DL (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM villeneuve.dan@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development; National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory; National Exposure Research Laboratory; National Center for Computational Toxicology FX United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development; National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory; National Exposure Research Laboratory; National Center for Computational Toxicology. NR 38 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 25 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 133 IS 2 BP 225 EP 233 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kft068 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 151AA UT WOS:000319431800005 PM 23492810 ER PT J AU Breen, M Villeneuve, DL Ankley, GT Bencic, DC Breen, MS Watanabe, KH Lloyd, AL Conolly, RB AF Breen, Miyuki Villeneuve, Daniel L. Ankley, Gerald T. Bencic, David C. Breen, Michael S. Watanabe, Karen H. Lloyd, Alun L. Conolly, Rory B. TI Developing Predictive Approaches to Characterize Adaptive Responses of the Reproductive Endocrine Axis to Aromatase Inhibition: II. Computational Modeling SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE endocrine disruptors; biological modeling; non-mammalian species; dose response; biomarkers ID PITUITARY-GONADAL AXIS; FATHEAD MINNOWS; TOXICOKINETIC MODEL; PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; IN-VITRO; ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; ACTIVE COMPOUNDS; FISH; STEROIDOGENESIS; RECEPTORS AB Endocrine-disrupting chemicals can affect reproduction and development in humans and wildlife. We developed a computational model of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in female fathead minnows to predict dose-response and time-course (DRTC) behaviors for endocrine effects of the aromatase inhibitor, fadrozole (FAD). The model describes adaptive responses to endocrine stress involving regulated secretion of a generic gonadotropin (LH/FSH) from the hypothalamic-pituitary complex. For model development, we used plasma 17-estradiol (E2) concentrations and ovarian cytochrome P450 (CYP) 19A aromatase mRNA data from two time-course experiments, each of which included both an exposure and a depuration phase, and plasma E2 data from a third 4-day study. Model parameters were estimated using E2 concentrations for 0, 0.5, and 3 g/l FAD exposure concentrations, and good fits to these data were obtained. The model accurately predicted CYP19A mRNA fold changes for controls and three FAD doses (0, 0.5, and 3 g/l) and plasma E2 dose response from the 4-day study. Comparing the model-predicted DRTC with experimental data provided insight into how the feedback control mechanisms in the HPG axis mediate these changes: specifically, adaptive changes in plasma E2 levels occurring during exposure and overshoot occurring postexposure. This study demonstrates the value of mechanistic modeling to examine and predict dynamic behaviors in perturbed systems. As this work progresses, we will obtain a refined understanding of how adaptive responses within the vertebrate HPG axis affect DRTC behaviors for aromatase inhibitors and other types of endocrine-active chemicals and apply that knowledge in support of risk assessments. C1 [Breen, Miyuki; Conolly, Rory B.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Breen, Miyuki; Lloyd, Alun L.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Math, Biomath Grad Program, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Villeneuve, Daniel L.; Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Bencic, David C.] US EPA, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Breen, Michael S.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Watanabe, Karen H.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Environm & Biomol Syst, Beaverton, OR 97006 USA. RP Conolly, RB (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail B105-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM conolly.rory@epa.gov RI Lloyd, Alun/H-4944-2012 FU North Carolina State University/Environmental Protection Agency Cooperative Training Program in Environmental Sciences Research [CT833235-01-0] FX North Carolina State University/Environmental Protection Agency Cooperative Training Program in Environmental Sciences Research (Training Agreement CT833235-01-0 to M.B.). NR 41 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 31 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 133 IS 2 BP 234 EP 247 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kft067 PG 14 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 151AA UT WOS:000319431800006 PM 23475784 ER PT J AU Chen, BB Sverdlik, LG Imashev, SA Solomon, PA Lantz, J Schauer, JJ Shafer, MM Artamonova, MS Carmichael, G AF Chen, Boris B. Sverdlik, Leonid G. Imashev, Sanjar A. Solomon, Paul A. Lantz, Jeffrey Schauer, James J. Shafer, Martin M. Artamonova, Maria S. Carmichael, Greg TI Empirical relationship between particulate matter and aerosol optical depth over Northern Tien-Shan, Central Asia SO AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE PM2.5; PMCoarse; Aerosol optical depth; Central Asia; Dust; Transport ID AIR-QUALITY; WAVELENGTH DEPENDENCE; PM2.5; DUST; TRANSPORT; POLLUTION; EVENTS; MASS; DEPOSITION; THICKNESS AB Measurements were obtained at two sites in northern Tien-Shan in Central Asia during a 1-year period beginning July 2008 to examine the statistical relationship between aerosol optical depth (AOD) and of fine [PM2.5, particles less than 2.5 mu m aerodynamic diameter (AD)] and coarse (PMCoarse, particles between 2.5 and 10 mu m AD) mass concentrations and composition. The measurements represent the first extended particulate matter measurements in the northern Tien-Shan region of Central Asia. A sun photometer (Microtops II) was used to measure AOD from the surface, which is a widely used aerosol monitoring technique that is used in the AERONET network. In parallel, less routine measurements of continuous hourly PM2.5 data were obtained with the TEOM/FDMS whereas daily average PM2.5 and PM10 were obtained using URG-3000ABC samplers. Daily samples were collected on an every-other-day basis throughout the year. Since clouds interfere with the AOD measurement, a cloud screening procedure based on LIDAR measurements was applied to the AOD data and cloud impacted days were removed from the AOD data set. Depending on the season, the correlation coefficient (r) varied from 0.56 up to 0.87. Higher correlation coefficients between PM2.5 mass and AOD were observed during the spring and autumn periods and appeared to result from the transport of Asian dust (desert crustal material) particles from outside the area. One of the main source areas was the Taklimakan desert located in northwestern China. Linear regression results between AOD and PM2.5 are presented that allow for an estimate of PM2.5 mass concentrations at the surface based on the AOD data, which can be used to help interpret AOD measurements made in Central Asia and potentially other regions of the world. C1 [Chen, Boris B.; Sverdlik, Leonid G.; Imashev, Sanjar A.] Kyrgyz Russian Slav Univ, Bishkek 720000, Kyrgyzstan. [Solomon, Paul A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Lantz, Jeffrey] US EPA, Off Radiat & Indoor Air, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Schauer, James J.; Shafer, Martin M.] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin State Lab Hyg, Environm Chem & Technol Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Artamonova, Maria S.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Moscow 109017, Russia. [Carmichael, Greg] Univ Iowa, Dept Chem & Biochem Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Chen, BB (reprint author), Kyrgyz Russian Slav Univ, 44 Kievskaya Str, Bishkek 720000, Kyrgyzstan. EM lidar@istc.kg RI Imashev, Sanjar/I-7667-2016 OI Imashev, Sanjar/0000-0003-3293-3764 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP-D-06-001]; International Science & Technology Center (ISTC) [3715]; EPA's Office of International and Tribal Affairs; Office of Science Policy FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded this study and collaborated in the research described here under Contract EP-D-06-001 to Pechan and Associates and as a component of the International Science & Technology Center (ISTC) project # 3715 (Transcontinental Transport of Air Pollution from Central Asia to the US), the latter funded by EPA's Office of International and Tribal Affairs and the Office of Science Policy. It has been subject to Agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement, certification, or recommendation for use. NR 44 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 36 PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 1873-9318 J9 AIR QUAL ATMOS HLTH JI Air Qual. Atmos. Health PD JUN PY 2013 VL 6 IS 2 BP 385 EP 396 DI 10.1007/s11869-012-0192-5 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 149XM UT WOS:000319354700005 ER PT J AU Genthner, FJ Lewis, MA Nestlerode, JA Elonen, CM Chancy, CA Teague, A Harwell, MC Moffett, MF Hill, BH AF Genthner, Fred J. Lewis, Michael A. Nestlerode, Janet A. Elonen, Colleen M. Chancy, Cynthia A. Teague, Aarin Harwell, Matthew C. Moffett, Mary F. Hill, Brian H. TI Relationships among habitat quality and measured condition variables in Gulf of Mexico mangroves SO WETLANDS ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Condition assessments; Mangroves; Gulf of Mexico; Sediment quality; Enzymes; Nutrients ID ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; COASTAL WETLANDS; ORGANIC-CARBON; SEDIMENT; SOIL; CONTAMINATION; NITROGEN; FOREST; MICROORGANISMS; PRODUCTIVITY AB Ecosystem condition assessments were conducted for 12 mangrove sites in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Nine sites were selected randomly; three were selected a priori based on best professional judgment to represent a poor, intermediate and good environmental condition. During single visits a visual assessment generated numerical scores for each site relative to the reference condition range. Relationships were examined among variables to evaluate relevance of visual observations and empirical data of environmental condition. Sites in poorest visual condition possessed low concentrations of soil contaminants as hydrological attributes that restricted contaminant inflow lowered visual scores. Bacterial abundance related to the greatest number of variables, and was the only indicator that correlated with the visually derived score (0.60, p < 0.05). Soil enzymatic activity ratios within classes provided estimates of microbial nutrient status. Low peptidases/phosphatase and glycosidases/phosphatase ratios supported the conclusion reached from the molar ratios of nutrients, that mangrove soils were phosphorous limited. A positive correlation (0.71, p < 0.05) observed between C:N ratios in leaf tissue and soil from all mangrove sites indicated that relative molar ratios of major nutrients in leaf tissue were reflective of limitations in the soil. Principal components analysis guided a reduction in variables retained for analysis, and provided an ordination of the sites which grouped into three clusters and two outliers. Grouping was primarily influenced by soil C:N. In future studies measuring major nutrients in soil, C:N:P, could possibly function as a single, cost effective indicator to validate rapid visual condition assessments of mangroves. C1 [Genthner, Fred J.; Lewis, Michael A.; Nestlerode, Janet A.; Chancy, Cynthia A.; Teague, Aarin; Harwell, Matthew C.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, Off Res & Dev, Gulf Breeze, FL USA. [Elonen, Colleen M.; Moffett, Mary F.; Hill, Brian H.] Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. RP Genthner, FJ (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, Off Res & Dev, Gulf Breeze, FL USA. EM genthner.fred@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX We wish to thank Alex Almario, Tom Heitmuller, Eric Milbrandt and Pat O'Donnell for field assistance and technical expertise. The information in this document has been funded wholly (or in part) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 55 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 39 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0923-4861 EI 1572-9834 J9 WETL ECOL MANAG JI Wetl. Ecol. Manag. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 21 IS 3 BP 173 EP 191 DI 10.1007/s11273-013-9289-3 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 151NS UT WOS:000319467900003 ER PT J AU Herlihy, AT Sobota, JB McDonnell, TC Sullivan, TJ Lehmann, S Tarquinio, E AF Herlihy, Alan T. Sobota, Janel Banks McDonnell, Todd C. Sullivan, Timothy J. Lehmann, Sarah Tarquinio, Ellen TI An a priori process for selecting candidate reference lakes for a national survey SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE reference condition; reference site; regionalization; biological condition gradient; regional assessment; lake; minimally disturbed; least disturbed ID REFERENCE SITES; ECOLOGICAL STATUS; BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES; EUROPEAN LAKES; UNITED-STATES; STREAMS; ECOSYSTEMS; SCALE AB One of the biggest challenges when conducting a national-scale assessment of lakes, such as the 2007 US National Lake Assessment (NLA), is finding enough reference lakes to set appropriate expectations for the assessed sites. In the NLA, a random design was used to select lakes for sampling to make unbiased estimates of regional condition. However, such an approach was unlikely to yield enough minimally impacted lakes to use as reference sites, especially in disturbed regions. We developed a 3-stage process to select candidate reference lakes to augment the NLA probability sample in the northeastern USA (Northeast). Screening included a water-chemistry database filter, landuse evaluation, and analysis of aerial photographs. In the Northeast, we assembled a database of 2109 lakes >4 ha in surface area, of which 369 passed the water-chemistry screen. Of these, 220 failed the watershed landuse screen and 60 failed the aerial photograph screen, leaving a set of 89 optimal candidate reference lakes. Twenty of these lakes were sampled as potential reference lakes in the NLA. Based on a wide variety of indicators, NLA field measurements indicated that almost all (85-100%) of the chosen candidate reference lakes had least-disturbed water chemistry, although somewhat fewer had least disturbed physical habitat (74-79%) and biology (68-78%). Nevertheless, our 3-stage screening process was an efficient method for identification of good candidates for reference-lake sampling. The reference-lake selection process used in our study can be done in the office and relatively inexpensively. As such, it is very useful for large-scale regional or national studies encompassing areas too large to census. It also has the advantage of adding a level of consistency and quantification to the reference-site selection process. C1 [Herlihy, Alan T.; Sobota, Janel Banks] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [McDonnell, Todd C.; Sullivan, Timothy J.] E&S Environm Chem Inc, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA. [Lehmann, Sarah; Tarquinio, Ellen] US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Herlihy, AT (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM alan.herlihy@oregonstate.edu; janel.banks@oregonstate.edu; todd.mcdonnell@esenvironmental.com; tim.sullivan@esenvironmental.com; lehman.sarah@epa.gov; tarquinio.ellen@epa.gov FU Oregon State University [X-832547-01]; US EPA Office of Water [X-832547-01] FX This work was funded by cooperative agreement X-832547-01 between Oregon State University and the US EPA Office of Water. We thank Hilary Snook, Jim Kurtenbach, Scott Kishbaugh, Curt Stager, Barry Baldigo, Lisa Wahle, Robert Estabrook, and Neil Kamman for providing lake data and thoughts about reference condition in the Northeast. Gordon McPherson, Sam Mackey, and Deian Moore provided aerial photograph interpretation. We also thank those involved with the National Lakes Assessment for their insights and data sharing. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 15 PU SOC FRESWATER SCIENCE PI WACO PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA SN 2161-9565 J9 FRESHW SCI JI Freshw. Sci. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 32 IS 2 BP 385 EP 396 DI 10.1899/11-081.1 PG 12 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 142CS UT WOS:000318774500002 ER PT J AU Hall, RO Beaulieu, JJ AF Hall, Robert O., Jr. Beaulieu, Jake J. TI Estimating autotrophic respiration in streams using daily metabolism data SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE autotrophic respiration; gross primary production; ecosystem respiration; quantile regression; daily metabolism ID ECOSYSTEM METABOLISM; ORGANIC-CARBON; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS; QUANTILE REGRESSION; TROPICAL RIVER; FRESH-WATER; LAND-USE; PHYTOPLANKTON; PRODUCTIVITY; BACTERIA AB The fraction of gross primary production (GPP) that is immediately respired by autotrophs and their closely associated heterotrophs (AR(f)) is unknown. This value is necessary to calculate the autotrophic base of food webs, which requires knowing production available for grazers. AR(f) is also necessary for estimating heterotrophic respiration (HR) which is needed to calculate C spiraling in streams and rivers. We suggest a way to estimate AR(f) from daily metabolism data using quantile regression between GPP and 90% quantile of ecosystem respiration (ER). We reasoned that autotrophic respiration represents the lower limit for ER on any one day and used quantile regression to estimate the relationship of the lower quantile of ER with respect to GPP. We examined this approach with simulation modeling and application of quantile regression to estimates of continuous GPP and ER from > 20 streams. Simulation modeling showed that low-uncertainty estimates of AR(f) required large variation in daily GPP. Covariance between HR and GPP, which might be observed if the processes were temperature controlled, biased estimates of AR(f). Seasonal estimates of AR(f) were robust to daily variation in AR(f) as a function of GPP. AR(f) calculated from previously published estimates of daily metabolism from streams averaged 0.44 (SD = 0.19) with high variation among streams. This value is higher than most physiological measurements, probably because of light limitation of algae and from HR closely associated with daily GPP. How much of AR(f) was from algal respiration vs closely associated heterotrophic respiration is not known, but we suggest that the value (1 - AR(f))GPP represents the amount of C available to animals. C1 [Hall, Robert O., Jr.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82070 USA. [Beaulieu, Jake J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Hall, RO (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82070 USA. EM bhall@uwyo.edu; beaulieu.jake@epamail.epa.gov NR 41 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 61 PU SOC FRESWATER SCIENCE PI WACO PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA SN 2161-9565 J9 FRESHW SCI JI Freshw. Sci. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 32 IS 2 BP 507 EP 516 DI 10.1899/12-147.1 PG 10 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 142CS UT WOS:000318774500011 ER PT J AU Meek, ME Barton, HA Bessems, JG Lipscomb, JC Krishnan, K AF Meek, M. E. (Bette) Barton, Hugh A. Bessems, Jos G. Lipscomb, John C. Krishnan, Kannan TI Case study illustrating the WHO IPCS guidance on characterization and application of physiologically based pharmacokinetic models in risk assessment SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Risk assessment; Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling; 2-Butoxyethanol ID GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER; HUMAN RELEVANCE; 2-BUTOXYETHANOL VAPOR; RATS; HUMANS; METABOLISM; FRAMEWORK; DISPOSITION; TOXICOKINETICS; INFORMATION AB The World Health Organization (WHO) International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) Guidance on Characterization and Application of Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Models in Risk Assessment (IPCS, 2010) describes key principles for risk assessors and model developers. In the WHO Guidance, a template for model documentation was developed and a case study included. Here the WHO Guidance, including the template, is summarized and an additional case study is presented to illustrate its application, based upon an existing risk assessment for 2-butoxyethanol (CAS NO. 111-76-2). The goal of the WHO Guidance and the current paper is to increase regulatory acceptance of complex biologically descriptive pharmacokinetic (or toxicokinetic) models, such as PBPK models, by facilitating communication and successful interaction between modelers and risk assessors. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Meek, M. E. (Bette)] Univ Ottawa, Inst Populat Hlth, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. [Barton, Hugh A.] Pfizer Worldwide Res & Dev, Pharmacokinet Dynam & Metab, Groton, CT 06340 USA. [Bessems, Jos G.] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Lipscomb, John C.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Krishnan, Kannan] Univ Montreal, Dept Sante Environm & Sante Travail, Montreal, PQ H3T 1A8, Canada. RP Meek, ME (reprint author), Univ Ottawa, McLaughlin Ctr Populat Hlth Risk Assessment, 1 Stewart St,Suite 309, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. EM bmeek@uottawa.ca; habarton@alum.mit.edu; jos.bessems@rivm.nl; lipscomb.john@epa.gov; kannan.krishnan@umontreal.ca OI Bessems, Jos/0000-0001-5718-0733 NR 47 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 66 IS 1 BP 116 EP 129 DI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2013.03.005 PG 14 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 146JL UT WOS:000319087300015 PM 23535119 ER PT J AU Murk, AJ Rijntjes, E Blaauboer, BJ Clewell, R Crofton, KM Dingemans, MML Furlow, JD Kavlock, R Kohrle, J Opitz, R Traas, T Visser, TJ Xia, MH Gutleb, AC AF Murk, AlberTinka J. Rijntjes, Eddy Blaauboer, Bas J. Clewell, Rebecca Crofton, Kevin M. Dingemans, Milou M. L. Furlow, J. David Kavlock, Robert Koehrle, Josef Opitz, Robert Traas, Theo Visser, Theo J. Xia, Menghang Gutleb, Arno C. TI Mechanism-based testing strategy using in vitro approaches for identification of thyroid hormone disrupting chemicals SO TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO LA English DT Review DE Endocrine disruption; Thyroid hormone; Alternatives to animal testing; In vitro assays; Toxicokinetics; Testing strategy; Battery; Functional assay; Metabolism ID SODIUM-IODIDE SYMPORTER; POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; THYROTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; MICROSOMAL-ENZYME INDUCERS; HYDROXYLATED POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; CONSTITUTIVE ANDROSTANE RECEPTOR; BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; THYROXINE-BINDING GLOBULIN; BEARS URSUS-MARITIMUS; PREGNANE-X-RECEPTOR AB The thyroid hormone (TH) system is involved in several important physiological processes, including regulation of energy metabolism, growth and differentiation, development and maintenance of brain function, thermo-regulation, osmo-regulation, and axis of regulation of other endocrine systems, sexual behaviour and fertility and cardiovascular function. Therefore, concern about TH disruption (THD) has resulted in strategies being developed to identify THD chemicals (THDCs), Information on potential of chemicals causing THD is typically derived from animal studies. For the majority of chemicals, however, this information is either limited or unavailable. It is also unlikely that animal experiments will be performed for all THD relevant chemicals in the near future for ethical, financial and practical reasons. In addition, typical animal experiments often do not provide information on the mechanism of action of THDC, making it harder to extrapolate results across species. Relevant effects may not be identified in animal studies when the effects are delayed, life stage specific, not assessed by the experimental paradigm (e.g., behaviour) or only occur when an organism has to adapt to environmental factors by modulating TH levels. Therefore, in vitro and in silico alternatives to identify THDC and quantify their potency are needed. THDC have many potential mechanisms of action, including altered hormone production, transport, metabolism, receptor activation and disruption of several feed-back mechanisms. In vitro assays are available for many of these endpoints, and the application of modern '-omics' technologies, applicable for in vivo studies can help to reveal relevant and possibly new endpoints for inclusion in a targeted THDC in vitro test battery. Within the framework of the ASAT initiative (Assuring Safety without Animal Testing), an international group consisting of experts in the areas of thyroid endocrinology, toxicology of endocrine disruption, neurotoxicology, high-throughput screening, computational biology, and regulatory affairs has reviewed the state of science for (1) known mechanisms for THD plus examples of THDC; (2) in vitro THD tests currently available or under development related to these mechanisms; and (3) in silico methods for estimating the blood levels of THDC. Based on this scientific review, the panel has recommended a battery of test methods to be able to classify chemicals as of less or high concern for further hazard and risk assessment for THD. In addition, research gaps and needs are identified to be able to optimize and validate the targeted THD in vitro test battery for a mechanism-based strategy for a decision to opt out or to proceed with further testing for THD. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Murk, AlberTinka J.] Wageningen Univ, Subdept Toxicol, NL-6703 HE Wageningen, Netherlands. [Rijntjes, Eddy; Koehrle, Josef] Charite, Inst Expt Endokrinol, D-13353 Berlin, Germany. [Blaauboer, Bas J.] Univ Utrecht, Inst Risk Assessment Sci, Doerenkamp Zbinden Chair, NL-3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands. [Clewell, Rebecca] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Crofton, Kevin M.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Dingemans, Milou M. L.] Univ Utrecht, Fac Vet Med, Inst Risk Assessment Sci, Neurotoxicol Res Grp,Toxicol Div, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Furlow, J. David] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Neurobiol Physiol & Behav, Davis, CA USA. [Kavlock, Robert] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Opitz, Robert] Univ Libre Brussels, Inst Interdisciplinary Res Mol Human Biol, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium. [Visser, Theo J.] Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Traas, Theo] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Bur REACH, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Xia, Menghang] NIH, Natl Ctr Adv Translat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Gutleb, Arno C.] Ctr Rech Publ Gabriel Lippmann, Dept Environm & Agrobiotechnol, Belvaux, Luxembourg. RP Murk, AJ (reprint author), Wageningen Univ, Subdept Toxicol, Tuinlaan 5, NL-6703 HE Wageningen, Netherlands. EM Tinka.Murk@wur.nl RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015; OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971; Kohrle, Josef/0000-0002-9187-9078 FU "Proefdiervrij" (the Dutch Society for the Replacement of Animal Testing (dsRAT)); ASAT Foundation FX This paper is based on the results of a workshop organized by the Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, for which financial support was kindly provided by "Proefdiervrij" (the Dutch Society for the Replacement of Animal Testing (dsRAT) www.proefdiervrij.nl/english) and the ASAT Foundation (www.asat-initiative.eu/). We want to thank Mania, Montano for the nicer version he made of Fig. 1. NR 410 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 10 U2 132 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0887-2333 J9 TOXICOL IN VITRO JI Toxicol. Vitro PD JUN PY 2013 VL 27 IS 4 SI SI BP 1320 EP 1346 DI 10.1016/j.tiv.2013.02.012 PG 27 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 143AF UT WOS:000318838000015 PM 23453986 ER PT J AU Matthews, JC Selvakumar, A Condit, W AF Matthews, John C. Selvakumar, Ariamalar Condit, Wendy TI Current and Emerging Water Main Renewal Technologies SO JOURNAL OF INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Trenchless technology; Water distribution system; Water main rehabilitation ID STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE; REHABILITATION; LININGS AB The funding needed to address aging water infrastructure ranges in the hundreds of billions of dollars over the next 25 years, and at current replacement rates, pipes are being expected to last for 200 years, although pipes are designed for 100 years or less. In addition to funding needs, utility congestion is making water main replacement more difficult, as is the lack of public tolerance for the disruption from construction. The increased availability of pipe-renewal technologies provides solutions that minimize these problems while providing cost-effective alternatives to traditional replacement. The primary contribution of this paper is the state-of-the-art review of current and emerging renewal technologies used for the repair, rehabilitation, and replacement of water mains. This paper also discusses the data and capability gaps in terms of needs that are unmet by the current renewal technologies. To overcome these gaps, recommendations include conducting renewal technology demonstrations in actual field conditions, identifying accelerated testing protocols to help predict long-term performance, and conducting retrospective analyses of rehabilitation materials to better understand service-life performance. (C) 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Matthews, John C.] Battelle Mem Inst, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. [Selvakumar, Ariamalar] US EPA, NRMRL, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. [Condit, Wendy] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. RP Matthews, JC (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, 7231 Palmetto Dr, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. EM matthewsj@battelle.org; selvakumar.ariamalar@epa.gov; conditw@battelle.org FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [EP-C-05-057]; Office of Research and Development, the U.S. EPA FX The work reported in this document was funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under Task Order 58 of Contract No. EP-C-05-057 to Battelle. Through its Office of Research and Development, the U.S. EPA funded and managed, or partially funded and collaborated in, the research described herein. This document has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for publication. Any opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency; therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or a recommendation for use. The quality of secondary data referenced in this document was not independently evaluated by EPA and Battelle. NR 70 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 13 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1076-0342 J9 J INFRASTRUCT SYST JI J. Infrastruct. Syst. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 19 IS 2 BP 231 EP 241 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)IS.1943-555X.0000121 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 140KA UT WOS:000318651800011 ER PT J AU Kane, AM DeFrancesco, TC Boyle, MC Malarkey, DE Ritchey, JW Atkins, CE Cullen, JM Kornegay, JN Keene, BW AF Kane, A. M. DeFrancesco, T. C. Boyle, M. C. Malarkey, D. E. Ritchey, J. W. Atkins, C. E. Cullen, J. M. Kornegay, J. N. Keene, B. W. TI Cardiac structure and function in female carrier's of a canine model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy SO RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Cardiomyopathy; Carrier; GRMD; Duchenne muscular dystrophy ID CARDIOMYOPATHY; ABNORMALITIES; DOGS; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; MUSCLE; VECTORCARDIOGRAM; CONDUCTION; CHILDREN; SKELETAL AB This investigation tested the hypothesis that carriers of golden retriever muscular dystrophy (GRMD), a genetically homologous condition of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), have quantifiable abnormalities in myocardial function, structure, or cardiac rhythm. Eleven GRMD carriers and four matched controls had cardiac evaluations and postmortem examinations. 24-h ECG Holter monitoring disclosed ventricular ectopy in 10 of 11 carriers and 2 of 4 controls. Conventional echocardiography failed to demonstrate significant differences between carriers and controls in systolic function. All carriers had multi-focal, minimal to marked myofiber necrosis, fibrosis, mineralization, inflammation, and/or fatty change in their hearts. Immunohistochemistry revealed a mosaic dystrophin deficiency in scattered cardiac myofibers in all carriers. No controls had cardiac histologic lesions; all had uniform dystrophin staining. Despite cardiac mosaic dystrophin expression and degenerative cardiac lesions, GRMD carriers at up to 3 years of age could not be distinguished statistically from normal controls by echocardiography or 24-h Holter monitoring. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kane, A. M.] Angell Anim Med Ctr, Jamaica Plain, MA 02130 USA. [Kane, A. M.; DeFrancesco, T. C.; Atkins, C. E.; Keene, B. W.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Coll Vet Med, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. [Cullen, J. M.] N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth & Pathobiol, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. [Boyle, M. C.; Malarkey, D. E.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Cellular & Mol Pathol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Ritchey, J. W.] Oklahoma State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Pathobiol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Kornegay, J. N.] Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Integrat Biosci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP DeFrancesco, TC (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Coll Vet Med, 1052 William Moore Dr, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. EM teresa_defrancesco@ncsu.edu NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0034-5288 J9 RES VET SCI JI Res. Vet. Sci. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 94 IS 3 BP 610 EP 617 DI 10.1016/j.rvsc.2012.09.027 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 136RH UT WOS:000318380600041 PM 23231955 ER PT J AU Samy, S Hays, MD AF Samy, Shar Hays, Michael D. TI Quantitative LC-MS for water-soluble heterocyclic amines in fine aerosols (PM2.5) at Duke Forest, USA SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Nitrogen heterocyclics; Heterocyclic amines; Organic nitrogen; Water-soluble organic compounds; Biomass burning; beta-Carbolines; Duke Forest ID BIOMASS BURNING AEROSOLS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; NITROGEN; DESORPTION AB A quantitative liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC MS) technique was developed to measure the concentrations of heterocyclic nitrogen compounds in ambient fine aerosols (PM2.5). Quadrupole time-of-flight (Q-TOF) MS technology was used to provide both accurate-mass and MS/MS data for confirmation of chemical formula and nitrogen compound structure. The fine aerosol was collected over the winter and summer seasons at an experimental monitoring station at Duke Forest in North Carolina U.S.A. 3-Hydroxypyridine and two beta-carbolines, harmane, and norharmane, were observed in both campaigns at concentrations lower in summer (sum = 332 pg m(-3); N = 27) than winter (554 pg m(-3); N = 31). Aminopyridines, dimethylpyrazoles, and hydroxymethyl-pyridines were observed in the winter aerosols with a total estimated average concentration of 779 pg m(-3). These results demonstrate the possibility of enhanced speciation and provide a first glance at heterocyclic amines in the water-soluble organic nitrogen (ON) fraction of fine aerosols collected from a forest atmosphere. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Samy, Shar; Hays, Michael D.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hays, MD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Hays.Michael@epa.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX Additional funding for this research was provided through a U.S. Department of Energy - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency interagency agreement administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE). NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 6 U2 59 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 72 BP 77 EP 80 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.02.032 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 135BW UT WOS:000318262000010 ER PT J AU Watrud, LS Reichman, JR Bollman, MA Smith, BM Lee, EH Jastrow, JD Casler, MD Collins, HP Fransen, S Mitchell, RB Owens, VN Bean, B Rooney, WL Tyler, DD King, GA AF Watrud, Lidia S. Reichman, Jay R. Bollman, Michael A. Smith, Bonnie M. Lee, E. Henry Jastrow, Julie D. Casler, Michael D. Collins, Harold P. Fransen, Steven Mitchell, Robert B. Owens, Vance N. Bean, Brent Rooney, William L. Tyler, Donald D. King, George A. TI Chemistry and Microbial Functional Diversity Differences in Biofuel Crop and Grassland Soils in Multiple Geographies SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Switchgrass; Sorghum; GeoChip; Functional gene array; Soil ecosystem services ID MICROARRAY-BASED ANALYSIS; RIBOSOMAL-RNA ANALYSIS; SEA OIL PLUME; BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES; FLUORESCEIN DIACETATE; ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES; SORGHUM-HALEPENSE; ANALYSIS REVEALS; PLANT; RHIZOSPHERE AB We obtained soil samples from geographically diverse switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) crop sites and from nearby reference grasslands and compared their edaphic properties, microbial gene diversity and abundance, and active microbial biomass content. We hypothesized that soils under switchgrass, a perennial, would be more similar to reference grassland soils than sorghum, an annual crop. Sorghum crop soils had significantly higher NO3 (-) -N, NH4 (+) -N, SO4 (2-) -S, and Cu levels than grassland soils. In contrast, few significant differences in soil chemistry were observed between switchgrass crop and grassland soils. Active bacterial biomass was significantly lower in sorghum soils than switchgrass soils. Using GeoChip 4.0 functional gene arrays, we observed that microbial gene diversity was significantly lower in sorghum soils than grassland soils. Gene diversity at sorghum locations was negatively correlated with NO3 (-) -N, NH4 (+) -N, and SO4 (2-) -S in C and N cycling microbial gene categories. Microbial gene diversity at switchgrass sites varied among geographic locations, but crop and grassland sites tended to be similar. Microbial gene abundance did not differ between sorghum crop and grassland soils, but was generally lower in switchgrass crop soils compared to grassland soils. Our results suggest that switchgrass has fewer adverse impacts on microbial soil ecosystem services than cultivation of an annual biofuel crop such as sorghum. Multi-year, multi-disciplinary regional studies comparing these and additional annual and perennial biofuel crop and grassland soils are recommended to help define sustainable crop production and soil ecosystem service practices. C1 [Watrud, Lidia S.; Reichman, Jay R.; Bollman, Michael A.; Smith, Bonnie M.; Lee, E. Henry] US EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Jastrow, Julie D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Casler, Michael D.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Collins, Harold P.] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Fransen, Steven] Washington State Univ, Irrigated Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Mitchell, Robert B.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Owens, Vance N.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Bean, Brent] Texas A&M Univ, Texas Agrilife Res & Extens Ctr, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. [Rooney, William L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Tyler, Donald D.] Univ Tennessee, West TN Res & Educ Ctr, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. [King, George A.] Dynamac Corp, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Watrud, LS (reprint author), US EPA, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM watrud.lidia@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Office of Research and Development National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory; EPA [EP-D-06-013, EP-D-11-027] FX The authors thank their respective staff who participated in providing soil samples, photographs, GPS coordinates, and other background information for each of the crop and non-crop sampling locations. This research was funded in part by a United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Office of Research and Development National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory intramural competitive award to LSW and RJF and by EPA contracts to Dynamac Corporation (EP-D-06-013 and EP-D-11-027). Mention of trade names or commercial products does not imply endorsement for use. The views of the authors do not necessarily reflect those of the Agency. This manuscript has undergone administrative and technical reviews to receive Agency approval for submission for publication in a peer-reviewed scientific journal. NR 56 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 55 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 6 IS 2 BP 601 EP 619 DI 10.1007/s12155-012-9279-y PG 19 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 138GT UT WOS:000318497700017 ER PT J AU Erickson, RJ AF Erickson, Russell J. TI The biotic ligand model approach for addressing effects of exposure water chemistry on aquatic toxicity of metals: Genesis and challenges SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID COPPER TOXICITY; FATHEAD MINNOWS; COMPLEXATION; HARDNESS; FISH; ACCUMULATION; BINDING; GILLS; PH C1 US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. RP Erickson, RJ (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. EM erickson.russell@epa.gov NR 23 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 32 IS 6 BP 1212 EP 1214 DI 10.1002/etc.2222 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 134RX UT WOS:000318233100002 PM 23620100 ER PT J AU Parks, AN Portis, LM Schierz, PA Washburn, KM Perron, MM Burgess, RM Ho, KT Chandler, GT Ferguson, PL AF Parks, Ashley N. Portis, Lisa M. Schierz, P. Ariette Washburn, Kate M. Perron, Monique M. Burgess, Robert M. Ho, Kay T. Chandler, G. Thomas Ferguson, P. Lee TI Bioaccumulation and toxicity of single-walled carbon nanotubes to benthic organisms at the base of the marine food chain SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Single-walled carbon nanotube; Bioaccumulation; Bioavailability; Toxicity; Marine benthic organism ID AMPHIPOD LEPTOCHEIRUS-PLUMULOSUS; ESTUARINE AMPHIPOD; CATALYTIC DISPROPORTIONATION; FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; AQUEOUS SUSPENSION; POTENTIAL RELEASE; DAPHNIA-MAGNA; LIFE-CYCLE; BIOAVAILABILITY AB As the use of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) increases over time, so does the potential for environmental release. This research aimed to determine the toxicity, bioavailability, and bioaccumulation of SWNTs in marine benthic organisms at the base of the food chain. The toxicity of SWNTs was tested in a whole sediment exposure with the amphipod Ampelisca abdita and the mysid Americamysis bahia. In addition, SWNTs were amended to sediment and/or food matrices to determine their bioavailability and bioaccumulation through these routes in A. abdita, A. bahia, and the estuarine amphipod Leptocheirus plumulosus. No significant mortality to any species via sediment or food matrices was observed at concentrations up to 100ppm. A novel near-infrared fluorescence spectroscopic method was utilized to measure and characterize the body burdens of pristine SWNTs in nondepurated and depurated organisms. We did not detect SWNTs in depurated organisms but quantified them in nondepurated A. abdita fed SWNT-amended algae. After a 28-d exposure to [14C]SWNT-amended sediment (100 mu g/g) and algae (100 mu g/g), [14C]SWNT was detected in depurated and nondepurated L. plumulosus amphipods at 0.50 mu g/g and 5.38 mu g/g, respectively. The results indicate that SWNTs are bioaccessible to marine benthic organisms but do not appear to accumulate or cause toxicity. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:12701277. (c) 2013 SETAC C1 [Parks, Ashley N.; Ferguson, P. Lee] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Portis, Lisa M.; Perron, Monique M.; Burgess, Robert M.; Ho, Kay T.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI USA. [Schierz, P. Ariette; Ferguson, P. Lee] Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Washburn, Kate M.; Chandler, G. Thomas] Univ S Carolina, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Ferguson, PL (reprint author), Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM lee.ferguson@duke.edu RI Ferguson, Lee/A-5501-2013 FU USEPA [RD833859]; USEPA FX We acknowledge M. Pelletier at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Atlantic Ecology Division, for her assistance with identification and sorting of the field-collected amphipods. We also acknowledge S. Bachilo and B. Weisman of Applied NanoFluorescence for assistance with near-infrared fluorescence data analysis. This work was supported by a grant from the USEPA to P. L. Ferguson and G. T. Chandler (RD833859) and a student services contract from the USEPA to A.N. Parks.; Although the research described in this article was supported in part by the USEPA, it has not been subjected to agency review and, therefore, does not necessarily reflect the view of the agency; no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 41 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 87 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 32 IS 6 BP 1270 EP 1277 DI 10.1002/etc.2174 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 134RX UT WOS:000318233100013 PM 23404747 ER PT J AU Flynn, K Swintek, J Johnson, R AF Flynn, Kevin Swintek, Joe Johnson, Rodney TI Use of gene expression data to determine effects on gonad phenotype in japanese medaka after exposure to trenbolone or estradiol SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Endocrine disruption; Bioassay; Intersex; Histology; Gene expression ID ORYZIAS-LATIPES; TESTIS-OVA; FATHEAD MINNOW; SEX REVERSAL; FIG-ALPHA; 17-BETA-ESTRADIOL; ACETATE; 17-BETA-TRENBOLONE; DIFFERENTIATION; REPRODUCTION AB Various aquatic bioassays using one of several fish species have been developed or are in the process of being developed by organizations like the US Environmental Protection Agency and the Office of Economic Cooperation and Development for testing potential endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Often, these involve assessment of the gonad phenotype of individuals as a key endpoint that is inputted into a risk or hazard assessment. Typically, gonad phenotype is determined histologically, which involves specialized and time-consuming techniques. The methods detailed here utilize an entirely different methodology, reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, to determine the relative expression levels of 4 genes after exposure to either 17-estradiol or 17-trenbolone and, by extension, the effects of EDCs on the phenotypic status of the gonad. The 4 genes quantified, Sox9b, protamine, Fig1, and ZPC1, are all involved in gonad development and maintenance in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes); these data were then inputted into a permutational multivariate analysis of variance to determine whether significant differences exist between treatment groups. This information in conjunction with the sexual genotype, which can be determined in medaka, can be used to determine adverse effects of exposure to EDCs in a similar fashion to the histologically determined gonad phenotype. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:13441353. (c) 2013 SETAC C1 [Flynn, Kevin; Johnson, Rodney] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. [Swintek, Joe] Environm Management Resources, Duluth, MN USA. RP Flynn, K (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. EM flynn.kevin@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX The research described in this document has been funded wholly by the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 51 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 32 IS 6 BP 1344 EP 1353 DI 10.1002/etc.2186 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 134RX UT WOS:000318233100022 PM 23423942 ER PT J AU Delmas, MA Nairn-Birch, N Balzarova, M AF Delmas, Magali A. Nairn-Birch, Nicholas Balzarova, Michaela TI Choosing the Right Eco-Label for Your Product SO MIT SLOAN MANAGEMENT REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 [Delmas, Magali A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Delmas, Magali A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Anderson Sch Management, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Nairn-Birch, Nicholas] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. [Balzarova, Michaela] Lincoln Univ, Lincoln, New Zealand. RP Delmas, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 0 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU SLOAN MANAGEMENT REVIEW ASSOC, MIT SLOAN SCHOOL MANAGEMENT PI CAMBRIDGE PA 77 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, E60-100, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139-4307 USA SN 1532-9194 J9 MIT SLOAN MANAGE REV JI MIT Sloan Manage. Rev. PD SUM PY 2013 VL 54 IS 4 BP 10 EP 12 PG 3 WC Business; Management SC Business & Economics GA V37MO UT WOS:000209280100003 ER PT J AU Meheust, D Le Cann, P Reponen, T Wakefield, J Vesper, S Gangneux, JP AF Meheust, Delphine Le Cann, Pierre Reponen, Tiina Wakefield, Jennie Vesper, Stephen Gangneux, Jean-Pierre TI Possible application of the Environmental Relative Moldiness Index in France: A pilot study in Brittany SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Fungi; Molds; Aspergillus; ERMI; QPCR; Home environment ID REAL-TIME PCR; QUANTITATIVE PCR; HOMES; ASTHMA AB Our goal was to determine if the US Environmental Relative Moldiness Index (ERMI) scale might have application in France. Twenty homes in Brittany, north western region of France were classified by inspection as "Moldy" or "Non-Moldy". Dust and air samples were collected (MiTest sampler or Coriolis sampler, respectively) from each home and analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) for the 36 fungi that make-up the ERMI. Inspection and ERMI values provided a consistent assessment for 90% of the homes. Two homes originally classified as "Non-Moldy" were found to fit better into the "Moldy" category based on the QPCR analysis and the ERMI. Dust and air samples analyzed by QPCR provided similar fungal contamination assessments. In conclusion, a metric like the ERMI describes mold burdens in homes on a continuum, as opposed to the frequently used dichotomous approach (moldy vs. non-moldy). Although a larger, random national sampling of French homes is needed, these results suggest that these same 36 fungi may be useful in creating an ERMI for France. (C) 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Meheust, Delphine; Le Cann, Pierre; Gangneux, Jean-Pierre] IRSET, INSERM, U1085, F-35043 Rennes, France. [Meheust, Delphine; Le Cann, Pierre] EHESP, F-35043 Rennes, France. [Reponen, Tiina] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Wakefield, Jennie] Dynamac Corp, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Vesper, Stephen] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Gangneux, Jean-Pierre] Univ Rennes 1, Fac Med, F-35043 Rennes, France. [Gangneux, Jean-Pierre] Ctr Hosp Univ Rennes CHU, Serv Parasitol Mycol, F-35033 Rennes, France. RP Gangneux, JP (reprint author), Fac Med, Serv Parasitol Mycol, 2 Rue Pr Leon Bernard,CS34317, F-35043 Rennes, France. EM Jean-pierre.gangneux@univ-rennes1.fr RI Gangneux, Jean-Pierre/J-2960-2015; LE CANN, Pierre/K-1854-2015; Osborne, Nicholas/N-4915-2015 OI Osborne, Nicholas/0000-0002-6700-2284 FU French School of Public Health; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development FX Delphine Meheust's fellowship as well as home visits were funded by French School of Public Health.; The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development, partially funded and collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer review and has been approved as an EPA publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation by the EPA for use. Commercial use of the ERMI technology can provide royalties to the EPA. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1438-4639 J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 216 IS 3 BP 333 EP 340 DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2012.06.004 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 129WC UT WOS:000317873700016 PM 22841908 ER PT J AU Taylor, DL Bolgrien, DW Angradi, TR Pearson, MS Hill, BH AF Taylor, Debra L. Bolgrien, David W. Angradi, Ted R. Pearson, Mark S. Hill, Brian H. TI Habitat and hydrology condition indices for the upper Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio rivers SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Great river; Habitat; Hydrology; Indices; Substrate; Channel complexity; Riparian ID GREAT RIVERS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; FISH COMMUNITIES; NORTH-DAKOTA; LAND-USE; ECOSYSTEMS; FLOW; USA; ASSEMBLAGES; VARIABILITY AB Habitat and hydrology indices were developed to assess the conditions in reaches of the impounded Mississippi river, the Fort Peck and Garrison reaches of the upper Missouri river, the Missouri National Recreational river (MNRR), the channelized lower Missouri river, and the Ohio river. Data were obtained from field sampling, air photo interpretation, and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) hydrologic records. Habitat and hydrology attributes were incorporated into four habitat indices (channel complexity, substrate quality, littoral cover, and riparian condition) and one hydrology index. Construction of habitat indices for these very large rivers was complicated by a lack of previous research demonstrating methods for choosing and weighting the metrics used to compose these indices. Many habitat metrics used to assess habitat quality in small rivers proved irrelevant or impractical for assessing habitat quality in the upper Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio rivers. In addition, these very large rivers, unlike smaller streams, were subject to physical and hydrological alterations due to channelization, revetment, levees, and dams. Because of the lack of proven indicators of habitat condition in very large rivers, we began with a large number of measures of natural and anthropogenic stress, eliminating only those metrics that failed tests of range, redundancy, and correlation with longitudinal position along the river. The lock and low-head dam sequences on the impounded Mississippi and Ohio influenced both hydrological patterns and the resident fish community, with conditions recovering with increased distance below dams, until hydrology was once again altered by impoundment from a downriver dam. Channel complexity and hydrology indices displayed the highest correlations with a multimetric fish index, possibly because these indices integrated habitat condition over a larger scale than the transect- and site-scaled littoral cover and riparian indices. Data limitations prevented the calculation of a littoral cover and a channel complexity index for the upper Missouri and Ohio rivers, respectively. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Taylor, Debra L.; Bolgrien, David W.; Angradi, Ted R.; Pearson, Mark S.; Hill, Brian H.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Taylor, DL (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM taylor.debra@epa.gov; bolgrien.dave@epa.gov; angradi.theodore@epa.gov; pearson.mark@epa.gov; hill.brian@epa.gov RI Hill, Brian/E-6799-2013 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX We thank Marlys Cappaert and her team for information management support. Amanda Quisenberry conducted the air photo interpretations used in the channel complexity indices. The manuscript was improved by comments from Mary Ann Starus and four anonymous reviewers. Finally, we thank the crews who collected the field data. Data collection and analyses were wholly funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The information in this document has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Contents do not necessarily reflect the views of the agency nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 60 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 80 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD JUN PY 2013 VL 29 BP 111 EP 124 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.01.001 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 112GM UT WOS:000316580700012 ER PT J AU Thomas, R Thomas, RS Auerbach, SS Portier, CJ AF Thomas, Reuben Thomas, Russell S. Auerbach, Scott S. Portier, Christopher J. TI Biological Networks for Predicting Chemical Hepatocarcinogenicity Using Gene Expression Data from Treated Mice and Relevance across Human and Rat Species SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RENAL TUBULAR TOXICITY; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; UNITED-STATES; N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINYLTRANSFERASE; LIVER-CANCER; RISK-FACTORS; CARCINOGENICITY; PROFILES; KEGG; STEATOHEPATITIS AB Background: Several groups have employed genomic data from subchronic chemical toxicity studies in rodents (90 days) to derive gene-centric predictors of chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity. Genes are annotated to belong to biological processes or molecular pathways that are mechanistically well understood and are described in public databases. Objectives: To develop a molecular pathway-based prediction model of long term hepatocarcinogenicity using 90-day gene expression data and to evaluate the performance of this model with respect to both intra-species, dose-dependent and cross-species predictions. Methods: Genome-wide hepatic mRNA expression was retrospectively measured in B6C3F1 mice following subchronic exposure to twenty-six (26) chemicals (10 were positive, 2 equivocal and 14 negative for liver tumors) previously studied by the US National Toxicology Program. Using these data, a pathway-based predictor model for long-term liver cancer risk was derived using random forests. The prediction model was independently validated on test sets associated with liver cancer risk obtained from mice, rats and humans. Results: Using 5-fold cross validation, the developed prediction model had reasonable predictive performance with the area under receiver-operator curve (AUC) equal to 0.66. The developed prediction model was then used to extrapolate the results to data associated with rat and human liver cancer. The extrapolated model worked well for both extrapolated species (AUC value of 0.74 for rats and 0.91 for humans). The prediction models implied a balanced interplay between all pathway responses leading to carcinogenicity predictions. Conclusions: Pathway-based prediction models estimated from sub-chronic data hold promise for predicting long-term carcinogenicity and also for its ability to extrapolate results across multiple species. C1 [Thomas, Reuben] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Thomas, Russell S.] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Auerbach, Scott S.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, Biomol Screening Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Portier, Christopher J.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Portier, Christopher J.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Portier, CJ (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM cip7@cdc.gov RI Portier, Christopher/A-3160-2010; OI Portier, Christopher/0000-0002-0954-0279; Thomas, Russell/0000-0002-2340-0301 FU Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Hamner Institutes from the American Chemistry Council's Long-Range Research Initiative FX This research was supported [in part] by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. The mouse studies and associated microarray analyses were supported by a grant to The Hamner Institutes from the American Chemistry Council's Long-Range Research Initiative. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 57 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 30 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 5 AR e63308 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0063308 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 177SC UT WOS:000321394700007 PM 23737943 ER PT J AU Arnts, RR Mowry, FL Hampton, GA AF Arnts, Robert R. Mowry, Fred L. Hampton, Gary A. TI A high-frequency response relaxed eddy accumulation flux measurement system for sampling short-lived biogenic volatile organic compounds SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE flux measurement; REA; biogenic VOC ID GAS-PHASE REACTIONS; MEASURING SURFACE FLUXES; MICROMETEOROLOGICAL TECHNIQUES; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; MONOTERPENE EMISSION; DECIDUOUS FOREST; ALPHA-TERPINEOL; GASEOUS MERCURY; RATE CONSTANTS; NORWAY SPRUCE AB A second-generation relaxed eddy accumulation system was built and tested with the capability to measure vertical biogenic volatile organic compound (VOC) fluxes at levels as low as 10 mu gCm(-2)hr(-1). The system features a continuous, integrated gas-phase ozone removal procedure to allow for the measurement of highly reactive species such as -caryophyllene and polar terpenoids such as linalool. A two-component internal standard continuously added to the accumulators was used to correct for switching-induced volumetric errors and as a check on VOC losses exceeding accumulator tube adsorption limits. In addition, the internal standards were used to demonstrate that accumulators quickly return to target flow rates at segregation valve switching frequencies up to at least 0.8Hz. The system was able to measure daytime hourly fluxes of individual biogenic VOC including oxygenated terpenoids, monoterpenes, and sesquiterpenes. C1 [Arnts, Robert R.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Mowry, Fred L.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC USA. [Mowry, Fred L.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent Control Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hampton, Gary A.] Hampton Technol Inc, Longmont, CO USA. RP Arnts, RR (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, 109 T W Alexander Dr,Mail Drop E205-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM rrarnts@gmail.com FU Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-95ER62083] FX We acknowledge Gary Zimmerman, Steve Osborne, and Herb Zimmerman of Applied Technologies, Inc. for their technical assistance with this project. The Duke Forest site was supported by the Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy, DE-FG02-95ER62083. The United States Environmental Protection Agency produced the research describe here. It has been subjected to Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 71 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 16 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAY 27 PY 2013 VL 118 IS 10 BP 4860 EP 4873 DI 10.1002/jgrd.50215 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 229NB UT WOS:000325272000067 ER PT J AU Ruiz-Mercado, GJ Gonzalez, MA Smith, RL AF Ruiz-Mercado, Gerardo J. Gonzalez, Michael A. Smith, Raymond L. TI Sustainability Indicators for Chemical Processes: III. Biodiesel Case Study SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID REDUCTION WAR ALGORITHM; WASTE COOKING OIL; PROCESS DESIGN; SOYBEAN OIL; TRANSESTERIFICATION; METHODOLOGY; KINETICS AB The chemical industry is one of the most important business sectors, not only economically, but also societally; as it allows humanity to attain higher standards and quality of life. Simultaneously, chemical products and processes can be the origin of potential human health and environmental issues, incurring economic costs, and raising social concerns. An alternative to addressing these challenges after the fact is the implementation and development of more sustainable products and processes. To guide decision-makers, designers, and stakeholders in developing more sustainable chemical processes, the sustainability evaluation and design tool Gauging Reaction Effectiveness for the Environmental Sustainability of Chemistries with a Multi-objective Process Evaluator (GREENSCOPE) has been proposed and developed. Two previous contributions presented a holistic set of sustainability indicators as well as their definition, a sustainability measurement scale, and data requirements. This contribution demonstrates the successful implementation and use of GREENSCOPE for a sustainability performance assessment. In this evaluation, the manufacture of biodiesel is undertaken as a case study to demonstrate and describe this achievement. Results from this study show the positive features of this process and identify opportunities for sustainability improvement in the areas of material and energy use, environmental impacts, and economics during the production of this important biofuel. Therefore, GREENSCOPE is proposed as a fundamental tool for evaluating and designing more sustainable chemical processes. C1 [Ruiz-Mercado, Gerardo J.; Gonzalez, Michael A.; Smith, Raymond L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Ruiz-Mercado, GJ (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM ruiz-mercado.gerardo@epa.gov NR 48 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 6 U2 33 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD MAY 22 PY 2013 VL 52 IS 20 BP 6747 EP 6760 DI 10.1021/ie302804x PG 14 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 152SM UT WOS:000319551400015 ER PT J AU Gerke, TL Little, BJ Luxton, TP Scheckel, KG Maynard, JB AF Gerke, Tammie L. Little, Brenda J. Luxton, Todd P. Scheckel, Kirk G. Maynard, J. Barry TI Strontium Concentrations in Corrosion Products from Residential Drinking Water Distribution Systems SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; IRON PIPE CORROSION; CHLORAMINE DECAY; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; POTABLE WATER; BY-PRODUCTS; CALCITE; RELEASE; COORDINATION; PARTICLES AB The United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) will require some U.S. drinking water distribution systems (DWDS) to monitor nonradioactive strontium (Sr2+) in drinking water in 2013. Iron corrosion products from four DWDS were examined to assess the potential for Sr2+ binding and release. Average Sr2+ concentrations in the outermost layer of the corrosion products ranged from 3 to 54 mg kg(-1) and the Sr2+ drinking water concentrations were all <= 0.3 mg L-1. Micro-X-ray adsorption near edge structure spectroscopy and linear combination fitting determined that Sr2+ was principally associated with CaCO3. Sr2+ was also detected as a surface complex associated with alpha-FeOOH. Iron particulates deposited on a filter inside a home had an average Sr2+ concentration of 40.3 mg kg(-1) and the associated drinking water at a tap Was 210 mu g L-1. The data suggest that elevated Sr2+ concentrations may be associated with iron corrosion products that, if disturbed, could increase Sr2+ concentrations above the 0.3 mu g L-1 US EPA reporting threshold. Disassociation of very small particulates could result in drinking water Sr2+ concentrations that exceed the US EPA health reference limit (4.20 mg kg(-1) body weight). C1 [Gerke, Tammie L.; Maynard, J. Barry] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Little, Brenda J.] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Luxton, Todd P.; Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, LRPCD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Gerke, TL (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM Tammie.Gerke@uc.edu RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009 OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences; NSERC; University of Washington; Simon Fraser University; Advanced Photon Source; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX PNC/XOR facilities at the Advanced Photon Source, and research at these facilities, are supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, a major facilities access grant from NSERC, the University of Washington, Simon Fraser University, and the Advanced Photon Source. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was also supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. MRCAT operations were supported by the Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions. This research has not been subject to Agency review and, therefore, does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. Mention of trade names of commercial products and companies does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We thank M. R Schock for his advice on improving the text, M. K. DeSantis for photographs of the iron corrosion products, and Mathew Jones for some sample preparation. NR 48 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 34 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAY 21 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 10 BP 5171 EP 5177 DI 10.1021/es4000609 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 154WY UT WOS:000319708600026 PM 23600992 ER PT J AU Doherty, RM Wild, O Shindell, DT Zeng, G MacKenzie, IA Collins, WJ Fiore, AM Stevenson, DS Dentener, FJ Schultz, MG Hess, P Derwent, RG Keating, TJ AF Doherty, R. M. Wild, O. Shindell, D. T. Zeng, G. MacKenzie, I. A. Collins, W. J. Fiore, A. M. Stevenson, D. S. Dentener, F. J. Schultz, M. G. Hess, P. Derwent, R. G. Keating, T. J. TI Impacts of climate change on surface ozone and intercontinental ozone pollution: A multi-model study SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE surface ozone; climate change; intercontinental transport; source-receptor relationships ID GLOBAL LIGHTNING DISTRIBUTIONS; AIR-QUALITY; ISOPRENE EMISSION; REACTIVE NITROGEN; CHEMISTRY MODEL; NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; TRANSPORT; SENSITIVITY; PHOTOCHEMISTRY AB The impact of climate change between 2000 and 2095 SRES A2 climates on surface ozone (O)3 and on O3 source-receptor (S-R) relationships is quantified using three coupled climate-chemistry models (CCMs). The CCMs exhibit considerable variability in the spatial extent and location of surface O3 increases that occur within parts of high NOx emission source regions (up to 6 ppbv in the annual average and up to 14 ppbv in the season of maximum O3). In these source regions, all three CCMs show a positive relationship between surface O3 change and temperature change. Sensitivity simulations show that a combination of three individual chemical processes(i) enhanced PAN decomposition, (ii) higher water vapor concentrations, and (iii) enhanced isoprene emissionlargely reproduces the global spatial pattern of annual-mean surface O3 response due to climate change (R2=0.52). Changes in climate are found to exert a stronger control on the annual-mean surface O3 response through changes in climate-sensitive O3 chemistry than through changes in transport as evaluated from idealized CO-like tracer concentrations. All three CCMs exhibit a similar spatial pattern of annual-mean surface O3 change to 20% regional O3 precursor emission reductions under future climate compared to the same emission reductions applied under present-day climate. The surface O3 response to emission reductions is larger over the source region and smaller downwind in the future than under present-day conditions. All three CCMs show areas within Europe where regional emission reductions larger than 20% are required to compensate climate change impacts on annual-mean surface O3. C1 [Doherty, R. M.; MacKenzie, I. A.; Stevenson, D. S.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch GeoSci, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, Midlothian, Scotland. [Wild, O.] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster, England. [Shindell, D. T.] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Shindell, D. T.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. [Zeng, G.] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Lauder, New Zealand. [Collins, W. J.] Hadley Ctr, Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. [Fiore, A. M.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA. [Dentener, F. J.] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. [Schultz, M. G.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Energie & Klimaforsch Troposphare IEK 8, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Hess, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Derwent, R. G.] Rdscientific, Newbury, Berks, England. [Keating, T. J.] US EPA, Off Policy Anal & Review, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Collins, W. J.] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading, Berks, England. [Fiore, A. M.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Palisades, NY USA. RP Doherty, RM (reprint author), Univ Edinburgh, Sch GeoSci, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, Midlothian, Scotland. EM ruth.doherty@ed.ac.uk RI Stevenson, David/C-8089-2012; Wild, Oliver/A-4909-2009; Collins, William/A-5895-2010; Shindell, Drew/D-4636-2012; Hess, Peter/M-3145-2015; Schultz, Martin/I-9512-2012 OI Derwent, Richard/0000-0003-4498-645X; Stevenson, David/0000-0002-4745-5673; Wild, Oliver/0000-0002-6227-7035; Collins, William/0000-0002-7419-0850; Hess, Peter/0000-0003-2439-3796; Schultz, Martin/0000-0003-3455-774X FU New Zealand Ministry of Science and Innovation; Office of Science and Technology through EPSRC's High End Computing Program FX We greatly thank Adam Butler for statistical expertise, advice, and insights. We are also extremely grateful to Owen Cooper for informal discussions and his review of the manuscript. We thank Paul Young and Larry Horowitz for insightful discussions. This work was performed under the Task Force on Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution (www.htap.org). We thank the US EPA and European Commission for travel support to HTAP meetings. We also thank Michael Decker and Sabine Schroder for hosting the HTAP data repository at Forschungszentrum Juelich. GZ acknowledges NIWA HPCF facility and funding from New Zealand Ministry of Science and Innovation. RD and GZ thank Colin Johnson at the UK Met Office for provision of sea-surface temperature data, and RD thanks Lois Steenman-Clark and Grenville Lister for supercomputing support. This work made use of the facilities of HECToR, the UK's national high-performance computing service, which is provided by UoE HPCx Ltd at the University of Edinburgh, Cray Inc and NAG Ltd, and funded by the Office of Science and Technology through EPSRC's High End Computing Program. NR 66 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 3 U2 68 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAY 16 PY 2013 VL 118 IS 9 BP 3744 EP 3763 DI 10.1002/jgrd.50266 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 155JU UT WOS:000319744700022 ER PT J AU Pleim, JE Bash, JO Walker, JT Cooter, EJ AF Pleim, Jonathan E. Bash, Jesse O. Walker, John T. Cooter, Ellen J. TI Development and evaluation of an ammonia bidirectional flux parameterization for air quality models SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE ammonia; air quality model; bi-directional flux ID LAND-SURFACE MODEL; UNITED-STATES; UNDISTURBED SOIL; DRY DEPOSITION; EXCHANGE; SCALE; EVAPORATION; MANAGEMENT; ATMOSPHERE; RESISTANCE AB Ammonia is an important contributor to particulate matter in the atmosphere and can significantly impact terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Surface exchange between the atmosphere and biosphere is a key part of the ammonia cycle. New modeling techniques are being developed for use in air quality models that replace current ammonia emissions from fertilized crops and ammonia dry deposition with a bidirectional surface flux model including linkage to a detailed biogeochemical and farm management model. Recent field studies involving surface flux measurements over crops that predominate in North America have been crucial for extending earlier bidirectional flux models toward more realistic treatment of NH3 fluxes for croplands. Comparisons of the ammonia bidirection flux algorithm to both lightly fertilized soybeans and heavily fertilized corn demonstrate that the model can capture the magnitude and dynamics of observed ammonia fluxes, both net deposition and evasion, over a range of conditions with overall biases on the order of the uncertainty of the measurements. However, successful application to the field experiment in heavily fertilized corn required substantial modification of the model to include new parameterizations for in-soil diffusion resistance, ground quasi-laminar boundary layer resistance, and revised cuticular resistance that is dependent on in-canopy NH3 concentration and RH at the leaf surface. This new bidirectional flux algorithm has been incorporated in an air quality modeling system, which also includes an implementation of a soil nitrification model. C1 [Pleim, Jonathan E.; Bash, Jesse O.; Walker, John T.; Cooter, Ellen J.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Pleim, JE (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM pleim.jon@epa.gov RI Bash, Jesse/E-9688-2013; Walker, John/I-8880-2014; Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/C-1331-2017; OI Walker, John/0000-0001-6034-7514; Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/0000-0001-6190-6082; Bash, Jesse/0000-0001-8736-0102 NR 50 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 25 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAY 16 PY 2013 VL 118 IS 9 BP 3794 EP 3806 DI 10.1002/jgrd.50262 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 155JU UT WOS:000319744700025 ER PT J AU Vane, LM AF Vane, Leland M. TI Vial-based screening method for assessing pervaporation performance of flat sheet membrane samples SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Membrane screening; Permeability; Solution-diffusion; Pervaporation; Permselective ID HIGH-THROUGHPUT; OPTIMIZATION; DEHYDRATION; ETHANOL AB A vial-based method for generating screening-level pervaporation performance information for flat membrane samples, with a significantly higher sample throughput than conventional bench-scale tests, was proposed and evaluated using water/ethanol mixtures. The flux of a compound through the membrane, installed as the exposed septum of the vial, is governed by membrane permeance and the partial pressure driving force. With the proposed method, permeability is calculated from the total mass change and concentration change over time. Five replicate samples for each of three water concentrations (2, 5, and 20 wt%) and three water-selective membrane types were tested at 50 degrees C to assess method precision. Screening results were compared to those from prior bench-scale pervaporation experiments to assess accuracy. Water permeability was determined with good precision for all samples. Leak-tight crimp sealing of the vials was critical for good ethanol permeability precision results, particularly for membranes with a low water permeance or high water-ethanol permselectivity. Ethanol permeability accuracy was good for a non-swelling membrane material, but was poor for a swelling membrane material tested at the highest water concentration because of outward bulging of the unsupported exposed area of the membrane. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Vane, LM (reprint author), US EPA, 26W Martin Luther King Dr,M-S443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Vane.Leland@EPA.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD MAY 15 PY 2013 VL 435 BP 137 EP 144 DI 10.1016/j.memsci.2013.02.015 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 123KG UT WOS:000317387400015 ER PT J AU Wymer, LJ Wade, TJ Dufour, AP AF Wymer, Larry J. Wade, Timothy J. Dufour, Alfred P. TI Equivalency of risk for a modified health endpoint: a case from recreational water epidemiology studies SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Recreational water quality; Swimming-related illness; Gastrointestinal illness; Epidemiological study ID DRINKING-WATER; GASTROINTESTINAL ILLNESS; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; QUALITY; GASTROENTERITIS; INDICATORS; BEACHES; CONSUMPTION; SURVIVAL; DISEASE AB Background: The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and its predecessors have conducted three distinct series of epidemiological studies beginning in 1948 on the relationship between bathing water quality and swimmers' illnesses. Keeping pace with advances in microbial technologies, these studies differed in their respective microbial indicators of water quality. Another difference, however, has been their specific health endpoints. The latest round of studies, the National Epidemiological Assessment of Recreational (NEEAR) Water studies initiated in 2002, used a case definition, termed "NEEAR GI illness" (NGI), for gastrointestinal illness corresponding closely to classifications employed by contemporary researchers, and to that proposed by the World Health Organization. NGI differed from the previous definition of "highly credible gastrointestinal illness" (HCGI) upon which the USEPA's 1986 bathing water criteria had been based, primarily by excluding fever as a prerequisite. Methods: Incidence of NGI from the NEEAR studies was compared to that of HCGI from earlier studies. Markov chain Monte Carlo method was used to estimate the respective beta binomial probability densities for NGI and HCGI establish credible intervals for the risk ratio of NGI to HCGI. Results: The ratio of NGI risk to that of HCGI is estimated to be 4.5 with a credible interval 3.2 to 7.7. Conclusions: A risk level of 8 HCGI illnesses per 1000 swimmers, as in the 1986 freshwater criteria, would correspond to 36 NGI illnesses per 1000 swimmers. Given a microbial DNA-based (qPCR) water quality vs. risk relationship developed from the NEEAR studies, 36 NGI per 1000 corresponds to a geometric mean of 475 qPCR cell-equivalents per 100 ml. C1 [Wymer, Larry J.; Dufour, Alfred P.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Wade, Timothy J.] US EPA, Natl Hlth Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Wymer, LJ (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM wymer.larry@epa.gov NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD MAY 10 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 459 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-13-459 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 145ZE UT WOS:000319057800002 PM 23663297 ER PT J AU Anenberg, SC Balakrishnan, K Jetter, J Masera, O Mehta, S Moss, J Ramanathan, V AF Anenberg, Susan C. Balakrishnan, Kalpana Jetter, James Masera, Omar Mehta, Sumi Moss, Jacob Ramanathan, Veerabhadran TI Cleaner Cooking Solutions to Achieve Health, Climate, and Economic Cobenefits SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RURAL MEXICAN HOUSEHOLDS; BLACK CARBON; BIOMASS COOKSTOVES; AIR-POLLUTION; EMISSIONS; PARTICULATE; PERFORMANCE; REDUCTION; GUATEMALA; MICHOACAN C1 [Anenberg, Susan C.; Moss, Jacob] US Dept State, US Cookstove Initiat, Washington, DC 20520 USA. [Anenberg, Susan C.; Moss, Jacob] US EPA, Off Air & Radiat, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Balakrishnan, Kalpana] Sri Ramachandra Univ, Dept Environm Hlth & Engn, Madras, Tamil Nadu, India. [Jetter, James] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Masera, Omar] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ecosyst Res Ctr, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Mehta, Sumi] Global Alliance Clean Cookstoves, Washington, DC USA. [Ramanathan, Veerabhadran] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Anenberg, SC (reprint author), 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM anenberg.susan@epa.gov RI Balakrishnan, Kalpana/B-6653-2015 OI Balakrishnan, Kalpana/0000-0002-5905-1801 FU Programa de Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigacion e Innovacion Tecnologica of the National Autonomous University of Mexico; National Council on Science and Technology (CONACYT) of Mexico FX Views expressed in this article are those of the authors' and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Department of State, the U.S. Government, or any other organization. O.M. is supported in part by the Programa de Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigacion e Innovacion Tecnologica of the National Autonomous University of Mexico and the National Council on Science and Technology (CONACYT) of Mexico. NR 66 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 7 U2 55 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAY 7 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 9 BP 3944 EP 3952 DI 10.1021/es304942e PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 141WA UT WOS:000318756000002 PM 23551030 ER PT J AU El Badawy, AM Hassan, AA Scheckel, KG Suidan, MT Tolaymat, TM AF El Badawy, Amro M. Hassan, Ashraf Aly Scheckel, Kirk G. Suidan, Makram T. Tolaymat, Thabet M. TI Key Factors Controlling the Transport of Silver Nanoparticles in Porous Media SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COLLOIDAL PARTICLES; SURFACE-CHARGE; DEPOSITION; FERRIHYDRITE; NANOMATERIALS; WATER; AGGREGATION; SUSPENSIONS; ADSORPTION; FILTRATION AB The current study investigated the mobility of four silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) stabilized using different capping agents and represent the common stabilization mechanisms as well as surface charging scenarios in reactive and nonreactive porous media. The AgNPs were (1) uncoated H-2-AgNPs (electrostatically stabilized) and (2) citrate coated AgNPs (Citrate-AgNPs) (electrostatically stabilized), (3) polyvinylpyrrolidone coated AgNPs (PVP-AgNPs) (sterically stabilized), and (4) branched polyethyleneimine coated AgNPs (BPEI-AgNPs) (electrosterically stabilized). The porous media were (1) quartz sand (QS), (2) ferrihydrite-coated sand (FcS), and (3) kaolin coated sand (KcS). The H-2-AgNPs and Citrate-AgNPs were readily mobile in QS but significantly retained in FcS and KcS with more deposition achieved in the KcS media. The deposition of the H-2-AgNPs and Citrate-AgNPs followed the order of KcS > FcS > QS. The PVP-AgNPs breakthrough occurred more rapid as compared to the H-2-AgNPs and Citrate-AgNPs but the deposition of PVP-AgNPs followed the same order electrostatically stabilized AgNPs (KcS > FcS > QS). The BPEI-AgNPs were readily mobile regardless of the porous media reactivity. Physicochemical interactions were the dominant filtration mechanism in the majority of the investigated cases but straining played the major role in the deposition of the electrostatically stabilized H-2-AgNPs and Citrate-AgNPs in the KcS media. The results highlight the importance of both the stabilization mechanism and capping agent chemistry as key factors governing the transport of AgNPs in the environment. C1 [El Badawy, Amro M.; Suidan, Makram T.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Hassan, Ashraf Aly; Scheckel, Kirk G.; Tolaymat, Thabet M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. RP Tolaymat, TM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. EM tolaymat.thabet@epa.gov RI Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009 OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU NRMRL of the USEPA, Office of Research and Development FX This research was funded by NRMRL of the USEPA, Office of Research and Development. The paper has not been subjected to the Agency's internal review, therefore, the opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not, necessarily, reflect the official positions and policies of the USEPA. Any mention of products or trade names does not constitute recommendation for use by the USEPA. We thank Casey Warren for his help with the lab work. NR 40 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 9 U2 73 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAY 7 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 9 BP 4039 EP 4045 DI 10.1021/es304580r PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 141WA UT WOS:000318756000013 PM 23521179 ER PT J AU Yassine, MH Wu, SY Suidan, MT Venosa, AD AF Yassine, Mohamad H. Wu, Shuyun Suidan, Makram T. Venosa, Albert D. TI Aerobic Biodegradation Kinetics and Mineralization of Six Petrodiesel/Soybean-Biodiesel Blends SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NAPL-SLURRY SYSTEMS; MASS-TRANSFER; PAH COMPOUNDS; CRUDE-OIL; DISSOLUTION; BIOAVAILABILITY; BIOREMEDIATION; METABOLISM; DIESEL; FUELS AB The aerobic biodegradation kinetics and mineralization of six petrodiesel/soybean-biodiesel blends (B0, B20, B40, B60, B80, and B100), where B100 is 100% biodiesel, were investigated by acclimated cultures. The fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) of biodiesel were found to undergo rapid abiotic transformation in all experiments. The C10-C21 n-alkanes of petrodiesel were metabolized at significantly higher microbial utilization rates in the presence of biodiesel. The rates of mineralization of the blends were also enhanced in the presence of biodiesel; yet a similar enhancement in the extent of mineralization was not observed. Abiotic fuel-blends/aqueous-phase equilibration experiments revealed that the FAMEs of biodiesel were capable of cosolubilizing the n-alkanes of petrodiesel, a mechanism that fully explains the faster utilization and mineralization kinetics of petrodiesel in the presence of biodiesel without necessarily enhancing the extent of biomineralization. The biodegradation of six targeted aromatic compounds present in petrodiesel was also influenced by the amount of biodiesel in a blend. While toluene, o-xylene, and tetralin were not degraded in the B0 and B20 treatments, all of the targeted aromatic compounds were degraded to below detection limits in the B40 and B80 treatments. Biomass acclimated to B60, however, was unable to degrade most of the aromatic compounds. These results indicate that the amount of biodiesel in a blend significantly affects the absolute and relative abundance of the dissolved and bioavailable constituents of biodiesel and petrodiesel in a way that can considerably alter the biodegrading capacity of microbial cultures. C1 [Yassine, Mohamad H.; Wu, Shuyun] Univ Cincinnati, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Div Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Suidan, Makram T.] Amer Univ Beirut, Fac Engn & Architecture, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon. [Venosa, Albert D.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Suidan, MT (reprint author), Amer Univ Beirut, Fac Engn & Architecture, POB 11-0236 Riad El Solh, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon. EM msuidan@aub.edu.lb RI Yassine, Mohamad/C-1782-2016 OI Yassine, Mohamad/0000-0002-6813-4799 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) Oil Spill Program, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Land Remediation and Pollution Control Division [EP-C-11-006, 1-19] FX This research was supported, in part, by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) Oil Spill Program, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Land Remediation and Pollution Control Division, under Contract No. EP-C-11-006, Work Assignment 1-19. NR 48 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 29 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAY 7 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 9 BP 4619 EP 4627 DI 10.1021/es400360v PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 141WA UT WOS:000318756000084 PM 23550844 ER PT J AU Marchitti, SA LaKind, JS Naiman, DQ Berlin, CM Kenneke, JF AF Marchitti, Satori A. LaKind, Judy S. Naiman, Daniel Q. Berlin, Cheston M. Kenneke, John F. TI Improving Infant Exposure and Health Risk Estimates: Using Serum Data to Predict Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether Concentrations in Breast Milk SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS; UNITED-STATES; HOUSE-DUST; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; PBDES; MOTHERS; ASSOCIATIONS; CALIFORNIA; CONGENERS; CHEMICALS AB Women in the United States have breast milk concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) that are among the highest in the world, leading to concerns over the potential health implications to breastfeeding infants during critical stages of growth and development. Developing cost-effective and sustainable methods for assessing chemical exposures in infants is a high priority to federal agencies and local communities. PBDE data are available in nationally representative serum samples but not in breast milk. As a g method to predict PBDE concentrations in U.S. breast milk, we present 8 the development of congener-specific linear regression partitioning from existing paired milk and serum data and applied to 2003-2004 NHANES serum data for U.S. women. Highest estimated median U.S. breast milk concentrations were for BDE-47 (30.6 ng/g lipid) and 13DE-99 (6.1 ng/g lipid) with the median concentration of Sigma 7PBDEs estimated at 54.2 ng/g lipid. Predictions of breast. milk PBDE concentration were consistent with reported concentrations from 11 similarly timed U.S. studies. When applied to NI-LANES data, these models provide a sustainable method for estimating population-level concentrations of PBDEs in U.S. breast milk and should improve exposure estimates in breastfeecling infants. C1 [Marchitti, Satori A.; Kenneke, John F.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [LaKind, Judy S.] LaKind Associates LLC, Catonsville, MD 21228 USA. [LaKind, Judy S.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [LaKind, Judy S.; Berlin, Cheston M.] Penn State Coll Med, Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. [Naiman, Daniel Q.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Whiting Sch Engn, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Kenneke, JF (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM kenneke.john@epa.gov RI Naiman, Daniel/A-3304-2010 OI Naiman, Daniel/0000-0001-6504-9081 NR 48 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 29 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAY 7 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 9 BP 4787 EP 4795 DI 10.1021/es305229d PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 141WA UT WOS:000318756000104 PM 23582134 ER PT J AU Liao, LX Roy, A Scheckel, KG Merchan, G Selim, HM AF Liao, Lixia Roy, Amitava Scheckel, Kirk G. Merchan, Gregory Selim, H. Magdi TI Retention of Nickel in Soils: Sorption-Desorption and Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Experiments SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Adsorption; kinetics; nickel ID SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION; OXIDE SURFACES; CLAY FRACTION; HUMIC-ACID; KINETICS; NI; DISSOLUTION; HYDROXIDE; METALS; NI(II) AB Adsorption and desorption of heavy metals in soils are primary factors that influence their bioavailability and mobility in the soil profile. To examine the characteristics of nickel (Ni) adsorption-desorption in soils, kinetic batch experiments were carried out followed by Ni release using successive dilutions. Two soils of distinctly different properties were used: one acidic (Olivier) and one neutral (Webster) soil, where a wide-range Ni concentration was implemented. Adsorption of Ni by both soils was kinetic and increased with increasing initial (input) Ni concentration. The rate of sorption was initially rapid and was followed by gradual retention over time. A sequential extraction procedure and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy were implemented to characterize Ni kinetic sorption behavior. Five sequential extractions were quantified: exchangeable, bound to carbonates, bound to Fe-Mn oxides, bound to organic matter, and residual fraction. The exchangeable fraction showed a slight increase as initial Ni concentration increased, indicating weakly bound Ni adsorption complexes. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure analyses indicated that Ni hydroxide precipitate formed over time for the neutral Webster soil. This precipitate was likely bound to the Fe/Al oxide fraction. We conclude, based on EXAFS analyses and sequential extractions, formation of Ni hydroxide precipitate depends on soil pH and the amount of Ni sorbed. No Ni hydroxide precipitate was formed on the acidic Olivier soil. C1 [Liao, Lixia; Selim, H. Magdi] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Plant Environm & Soil Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Roy, Amitava; Merchan, Gregory] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Adv Microstruct & Devic, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Selim, HM (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Sch Plant Environm & Soil Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM Hselim@Isu.edu OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 27 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X EI 1538-9243 J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 178 IS 5 BP 215 EP 221 DI 10.1097/SS.0b013e31829a3f0a PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 298JI UT WOS:000330319600001 ER PT J AU Guignet, D AF Guignet, Dennis TI What Do Property Values Really Tell Us? A Hedonic Study of Underground Storage Tanks SO LAND ECONOMICS LA English DT Article ID HAZARDOUS-WASTE SITES; SUPERFUND SITES; IMPLICIT PRICES; HOUSING VALUES; WATER-QUALITY; IMPACT; MARKET; RISK; BENEFITS; MODELS AB Hedonic property value models are widely used but are susceptible to potentially invalid conjectures based on the assumed measure of environmental quality. This paper focuses on an application where this is of particular concern: leaking underground storage tanks. I estimate a hedonic model using quasi-experimental and spatial econometric techniques. Similar to previous studies, I examine how house prices vary with distance to the disamenity. This approach yields little evidence that prices are adversely impacted. However, to better measure risks I utilize home-specific data on groundwater well tests and correspondence from regulators, and find an 11% depreciation when households are well informed. C1 US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Guignet, D (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 17 PU UNIV WISCONSIN PI MADISON PA SOCIAL SCIENCE BLDG, MADISON, WI 53706 USA SN 0023-7639 EI 1543-8325 J9 LAND ECON JI Land Econ. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 89 IS 2 BP 211 EP 226 PG 16 WC Economics; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 245QN UT WOS:000326479000002 ER PT J AU Vaddula, BR Gonzalez, MA AF Vaddula, Buchi Reddy Gonzalez, Michael A. TI Flow chemistry for designing sustainable chemical synthesis SO CHIMICA OGGI-CHEMISTRY TODAY LA English DT Article DE Continuous Flow Reactors; Sustainability; Process Intensification; Green Chemistry; Real-time Analysis ID MICROREACTOR; SELECTIVITY AB An efficiently designed continuous flow chemical process can lead to significant advantages in developing a sustainable chemical synthesis or process. These advantages are the direct result of being able to impart a higher degree of control on several key reactor and reaction parameters. Furthermore, these controls can be utilized to increase the sustainability value of the chemical synthesis or process. This article will examine the contributions from a continuous flow reactor and the advantages which are gained when compared to a batch reactor. Additionally, an expanded detail of these advantages will be presented and used to explain the contribution they have which can increase the sustainability of a chemical synthesis or chemical process. C1 [Vaddula, Buchi Reddy; Gonzalez, Michael A.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Gonzalez, MA (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr,MS 483, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy; EPA FX B.R. was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the EPA. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 12 PU TEKNOSCIENZE PUBL PI MILANO PA VIALE BRIANZA 22, 20127 MILANO, ITALY SN 0392-839X J9 CHIM OGGI JI Chim. Oggi-Chem. Today PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 31 IS 3 BP 16 EP + PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry GA 215LT UT WOS:000324212400004 ER PT J AU Meng, QY Richmond-Bryant, J Lu, SE Buckley, B Welsh, WJ Whitsel, EA Hanna, A Yeatts, KB Warren, J Herring, AH Xiu, AJ AF Meng, Qingyu Richmond-Bryant, Jennifer Lu, Shou-En Buckley, Barbara Welsh, William J. Whitsel, Eric A. Hanna, Adel Yeatts, Karin B. Warren, Joshua Herring, Amy H. Xiu, Aijun TI Cardiovascular Outcomes and the Physical and Chemical Properties of Metal Ions Found in Particulate Matter Air Pollution: A QICAR Study SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE air pollution; cardiovascular disease; multipollutant; QICAR; QSAR ID HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; COMPARATIVE TOXICOGENOMICS DATABASE; LIGAND BINDING CHARACTERISTICS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS; HIGH BREAKDOWN; AMBIENT AIR; MONTE-CARLO; RISK-FACTOR AB BACKGROUND: This paper presents an application of quantitative ion character-activity relationships (QICAR) to estimate associations of human cardiovascular (CV) diseases (CVDs) with a set of metal ion properties commonly observed in ambient air pollutants. QICAR has previously been used to predict ecotoxicity of inorganic metal ions based on ion properties. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this work was to examine potential associations of biological end points with a set of physical and chemical properties describing inorganic metal ions present in exposures using QICAR. METHODS: Chemical and physical properties of 17 metal ions were obtained from peer-reviewed publications. Associations of cardiac arrhythmia, myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction, stroke, and thrombosis with exposures to metal ions (measured as inference scores) were obtained from the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). Robust regressions were applied to estimate the associations of CVDs with ion properties. RESULTS: CVD was statistically significantly associated (Bonferroni-adjusted significance level of 0.003) with many ion properties reflecting ion size, solubility, oxidation potential, and abilities to form covalent and ionic bonds. The properties are relevant for reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which has been identified as a possible mechanism leading to CVDs. CONCLUSION: QICAR has the potential to complement existing epidemiologic methods for estimating associations between CVDs and air pollutant exposures by providing clues about the underlying mechanisms that may explain these associations. C1 [Meng, Qingyu; Lu, Shou-En] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Sch Publ Hlth, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Richmond-Bryant, Jennifer; Buckley, Barbara] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Welsh, William J.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Whitsel, Eric A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Whitsel, Eric A.; Yeatts, Karin B.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Hanna, Adel; Xiu, Aijun] Univ N Carolina, Inst Environm, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Warren, Joshua; Herring, Amy H.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Richmond-Bryant, J (reprint author), 109 TW Alexander Dr,MC B243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM richmond-bryant.jennifer@epa.gov FU NICHD NIH HHS [R24 HD050924]; NIEHS NIH HHS [P30 ES010126, P30 ES005022, T32 ES007018, R01 ES014843] NR 61 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 39 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 121 IS 5 BP 558 EP 564 DI 10.1289/ehp.1205793 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 208UX UT WOS:000323707300018 PM 23462649 ER PT J AU Kokolus, K Capitano, M Lee, CT Eng, J Hylander, B Waight, J Gordon, C Abrams, S Repasky, E AF Kokolus, Kathleen Capitano, Maegan Lee, Chen-Ting Eng, Jason Hylander, Bonnie Waight, Jeremy Gordon, Christopher Abrams, Scott Repasky, Elizabeth TI Tumor growth and anti-tumor immunity depend upon extent of metabolic energy devoted to thermoregulation in laboratory mice SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists CY MAY 03-07, 2013 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Assoc Immunologists C1 [Kokolus, Kathleen; Capitano, Maegan; Lee, Chen-Ting; Eng, Jason; Hylander, Bonnie; Waight, Jeremy; Abrams, Scott; Repasky, Elizabeth] Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. [Gordon, Christopher] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 190 MA P2099 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 199ID UT WOS:000322987102048 ER PT J AU Wickham, J Wood, PB Nicholson, MC Jenkins, W Druckenbrod, D Suter, GW Strager, MP Mazzarella, C Galloway, W Amos, J AF Wickham, James Wood, Petra Bohall Nicholson, Matthew C. Jenkins, William Druckenbrod, Daniel Suter, Glenn W. Strager, Michael P. Mazzarella, Christine Galloway, Walter Amos, John TI The Overlooked Terrestrial Impacts of Mountaintop Mining SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE disturbance ecology; land-use management; endangered species; fragmented ecosystems; conservation ID SOUTHERN WEST-VIRGINIA; COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; COAL SURFACE MINES; HEADWATER STREAMS; FOREST; VEGETATION; USA; MORTALITY; PATTERNS; KENTUCKY AB Ecological research on mountaintop mining has been focused on aquatic impacts because the overburden (i.e., the mountaintop) is disposed of in nearby valleys, which leads to a wide range of water-quality impacts on streams. There are also numerous impacts on the terrestrial environment from mountaintop mining that have been largely overlooked, even though they are no less wide ranging, severe, and multifaceted. We review the impacts of mountaintop mining on the terrestrial environment by exploring six broad themes: (1) the loss of topographic complexity, (2) forest loss and fragmentation, (3) forest succession and soil loss, (4) forest loss and carbon sequestration, (5) biodiversity, and (6) human health and well-being. C1 [Wickham, James] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Wood, Petra Bohall] W Virginia Univ, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Nicholson, Matthew C.; Jenkins, William; Mazzarella, Christine] US EPA, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Druckenbrod, Daniel] Rider Univ, Dept Geol Environm & Marine Sci, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA. [Suter, Glenn W.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Strager, Michael P.] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Galloway, Walter] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Narragansett, RI USA. [Amos, John] SkyTruth, Shepherdstown, WV USA. RP Wickham, J (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM wickham.james@epa.gov RI Druckenbrod, Daniel/L-4717-2013 FU US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Region III, at the Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia FX This article was an outgrowth of a workshop on the terrestrial impacts of mountaintop mining sponsored by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Region III, at the Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia, on 23-24 February 2011. The article has been reviewed by the USEPA's Office of Research and Development and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the USEPA. Calli Jenkerson, of the US Geological Survey, provided the MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data. Use of trade names does not imply endorsement by the US government. NR 62 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 7 U2 76 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD MAY PY 2013 VL 63 IS 5 BP 335 EP 348 DI 10.1525/bio.2013.63.5.7 PG 14 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 186ML UT WOS:000322048500009 ER PT J AU Kepuska, V Karaffa, P Shaw, G Zurasky, J Kovalik, C Arnold, J Macaraig, S AF Kepuska, Veton Karaffa, Paul Shaw, Guinevere Zurasky, Jacob Kovalik, Christopher Arnold, Jordan Macaraig, Salvador TI Energy savings from using mobile smart technologies SO JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY LA English DT Article AB This paper presents the most recent results of energy saving benefits from the convergence of consumer products into a multi-function smart device, such as a smartphone or tablet, compared to single-function products (e. g., an electronic clock). Although individual users are predominantly driven only by the marked trends and the individual energy savings are moderate, the sheer number of users makes this global trend promising and a model for sustainable energy. The energy consumption of selected smart devices was tested using 42 frequently used applications and utilities (e. g., portable gaming, scanning, music players, etc.). A range of Operating Systems (OS) were selected for testing: Android OS (Google), Blackberry OS (RIM), iOS (Apple), and Windows 7 OS (Microsoft). Testing was conducted using the following smartphones: Blackberry Curve 9300, iPhone 4, Samsung Focus, Samsung Galaxy S; and tablets: iPad 2 and Samsung Galaxy Tablet 7 ''. In order to investigate the battery consumption, two programs were developed in-house for iOS and Android platforms. For the Windows phone, the built-in program was utilized, while a third-party application was used for the Blackberry phone. To further test the battery, each device was also decoupled from its battery and hooked up through a measuring device, and experiments were then repeated. This study shows smart devices save consumers up to $150 annually compared to single-function devices in a range of applications. The results from this study demonstrate how smart devices are transforming our society by providing superior functionality at a lesser cost in energy, paving the way for other technologies to be integrated into smart devices, and energy reduction to continue. The error in measurement was estimated using standard techniques utilizing 95% confidence scoring for each of the measurements. According to these results that assume normal distribution of measurement error, we show that our measurements were done correctly and the results are significant to within margin of error of +/- 0.0249 and +/- 0.0775 for intrusive measurements for smart phones and tablets and for non-intrusive measurements for smart phones and tablets, respectively, of +/- 0.497 and +/- 0.325. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Kepuska, Veton; Shaw, Guinevere; Zurasky, Jacob; Kovalik, Christopher; Arnold, Jordan; Macaraig, Salvador] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Karaffa, Paul] US EPA, ENERGY STAR, Washington, DC 20006 USA. RP Kepuska, V (reprint author), Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. OI Kepuska, Veton/0000-0002-8820-6729 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1941-7012 J9 J RENEW SUSTAIN ENER JI J. Renew. Sustain. Energy PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 5 IS 3 AR 033129 DI 10.1063/1.4811096 PG 13 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels GA 174JV UT WOS:000321152400054 ER PT J AU Pines, RM Tomasino, SF Cottrill, MP Hamilton, GC Parker, AE AF Pines, Rebecca M. Tomasino, Stephen F. Cottrill, Michele P. Hamilton, Gordon C. Parker, Albert E. TI Procedural Revision to the AOAC Germicidal Spray Products as Disinfectants Test Method: Establishment of Minimum and Maximum Log Density Values for Test Microbes on Inoculated Carriers SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB The AOAC Germicidal Spray Products as Disinfectants test method (AOAC Official Method 961.02) is used to measure the efficacy of spray products on hard inanimate surfaces; however, the method does not provide procedures to determine the population of the test microbe on inoculated glass slide carriers (e.g., carrier counts reported as CFU/carrier). Without a method to measure and monitor carrier counts, the associated efficacy data may not be reliable and repeatable. This report provides a standardized procedure to address this issue and, based on carrier count data collected by four laboratories from 2000 to 2010, proposes a specific range for the mean log density per carrier as a requirement. Laboratory-based carrier count data were collected concurrently with 116 Method 961.02 efficacy tests conducted on spray products bearing claims against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. For many of the tests a soil load (SL) was added to the inoculum (as specified on the product label claim). Six carriers were assayed per test for a total of 696 carriers. All but two of the 116 mean log densities were at least 5.0 (a geometric mean of 1.0 x 10(5) CFU/carrier). Across the four combinations of microbes and SL treatments, the mean TestLD (mean log density across all enumerated carriers in a test) ranged from approximately 6.0 (a geometric mean of 0.9 x 10(6) CFU/carrier) to 6.3 (a geometric mean of 2.0 x 10(6) CFU/carrier). Across all microbes and SL treatments, the mean log density (+/- SEM) was 6.2 (+/- 0.07) per carrier (a geometric mean of 1.5 x 10(6) CFU/carrier). The mean log density for six carriers per test showed good repeatability (0.32) and reproducibility (0.34). The proposed requirement for S. aureus tests and P. aeruginosa tests is a mean log density (across six carriers) between 5.0 and 6.5. A separate 2009 study at three laboratories was conducted to evaluate the persistence of P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and Salmonella enterica on glass carriers. Based on the persistence data, a 2 h use period is proposed for using the inoculated carriers post drying. The persistence data set was also used to assess the carrier counts for S. enterica. The carrier counts were approximately one log lower for S. enterica compared to S. aureus and P. aeruginosa; a range of 4.0 to 5.5 logs is proposed as a requirement for S. enterica tests. C1 [Pines, Rebecca M.; Tomasino, Stephen F.; Cottrill, Michele P.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Microbiol Lab Branch, Ctr Environm Sci, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. [Hamilton, Gordon C.] Big Sky Stat Analysts, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Parker, Albert E.] Montana State Univ, Ctr Biofilm Engn, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. RP Tomasino, SF (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Microbiol Lab Branch, Ctr Environm Sci, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. EM Tomasino.Stephen@epamail.epa.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INT PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 N FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 96 IS 3 BP 567 EP 572 DI 10.5740/jaoacint.12-406 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 164RU UT WOS:000320428000013 ER PT J AU Bushnell, P AF Bushnell, Philip TI Schedule-controlled learning & memory in a regulatory context SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 37th Annual Meeting of the Neurobehavioral-Teratology-Society Held in Conjunction with the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Teratology-Society / 26th Annual Meeting of the Organization-of-Teratology-Information-Specialists CY JUN 22-26, 2013 CL Tucson, AZ SP Neurobehavioral Teratol Soc, Teratol Soc, Org Teratol Informat Specialists C1 [Bushnell, Philip] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0892-0362 J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 37 BP 83 EP 83 DI 10.1016/j.ntt.2013.03.036 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA 164SD UT WOS:000320428900042 ER PT J AU Gilbert, ME Johnstone, A AF Gilbert, Mary E. Johnstone, A. TI A structural abnormality associated with graded levels of thyroid hormone insufficiency: Dose-dependent increases in heterotopia volume SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 37th Annual Meeting of the Neurobehavioral-Teratology-Society Held in Conjunction with the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Teratology-Society / 26th Annual Meeting of the Organization-of-Teratology-Information-Specialists CY JUN 22-26, 2013 CL Tucson, AZ SP Neurobehavioral Teratol Soc, Teratol Soc, Org Teratol Informat Specialists C1 [Gilbert, Mary E.; Johnstone, A.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0892-0362 J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 37 BP 89 EP 89 DI 10.1016/j.ntt.2013.03.055 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA 164SD UT WOS:000320428900061 ER PT J AU Rowe, JAR Burton, R McGregor, G McCauley, R Tang, W Spencer, R AF Rowe, Jacky A. Rosati Burton, Ray McGregor, George McCauley, Rob Tang, Wei Spencer, Richard TI Development of a three-dimensional model of the human respiratory system for dosimetric use SO THEORETICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Three-dimensional modeling; Lung physiology; Nasal physiology; Dosimetry; Human respiratory system; Sensitive populations ID TRACHEOBRONCHIAL TREE; DEPOSITION AB Background: Determining the fate of inhaled contaminants in the human respiratory system has challenged scientists for years. Human and animal studies have provided some data, but there is a paucity of data for toxic contaminants and sensitive populations (such as children, elderly, diseased). Methods: Three-dimensional modeling programs and publicly available human physiology data have been used to develop a comprehensive model of the human respiratory system. Results: The in silico human respiratory system model, which includes the extrathoracic region (nasal, oral, pharyngeal, and laryngeal passages), the upper airways (trachea and main bronchi), the tracheobronchial tree, and branching networks through alveolar region, allows for virtually any variation of airway geometries and disease states. The model allows for parameterization of variables that define the subject's airways by integrating morphological changes created by disease, age, etc. with a dynamic morphology. Conclusions: The model can be used for studies of sensitive populations and the homeland security community, in cases where inhalation studies on humans cannot be conducted with toxic contaminants of interest. C1 [Rowe, Jacky A. Rosati] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Durham, NC 27711 USA. [Burton, Ray; McGregor, George; McCauley, Rob; Tang, Wei; Spencer, Richard] Lockheed Martin, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Rowe, JAR (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Durham, NC 27711 USA. EM rosati.jacky@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX This research and manuscript was supported and funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1742-4682 J9 THEOR BIOL MED MODEL JI Theor. Biol. Med. Model. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 10 AR 28 DI 10.1186/1742-4682-10-28 PG 13 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 169ZK UT WOS:000320819100001 ER PT J AU Kaller, MD Murphy, CE Kelso, WE Stead, MR AF Kaller, Michael D. Murphy, Catherine E. Kelso, William E. Stead, Mark R. TI Basins for Fish and Ecoregions for Macroinvertebrates: Different Spatial Scales Are Needed to Assess Louisiana Wadeable Streams SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID COASTAL-PLAIN STREAMS; LANDSCAPE CLASSIFICATIONS; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; INVERTEBRATE ASSEMBLAGES; SUBTROPICAL STREAMS; AQUATIC ECOREGIONS; NETWORK STRUCTURE; BIOTIC INTEGRITY; SOUTHEASTERN USA; WOODY DEBRIS AB We targeted wadeable streams in six USEPA Level III ecoregions spanning eight major study basins in northern Gulf of Mexico coastal plains and terraces to identify appropriate spatial frameworks for the assessment of stream quality, as well as fish species and macroinvertebrate families that were characteristic of least disturbed conditions. We analyzed previously collected (1990-2006) and recently collected (2005-2010) stream fish and macroinvertebrate data with mean similarity analysis to identify spatial frameworks, either basins or ecoregions, appropriate for the assessment of stream fish and macroinvertebrates. We also conducted partial redundancy analysis of fish and macroinvertebrates separately, controlling for differences in stream size, and variance partitioning to identify the variation attributable to ecoregion or basin as a measure of the importance of spatial influence. Our results indicated that fish distributions were better described by basins, with anticipated strong dissimilarities in fish community composition between river basins west and east of the Mississippi River. In addition, we found unexpected differences in Pearl River and Red River basin fish communities relative to neighboring study basins and unexpected similarities among the geographically distant fish communities in the Western Gulf Coastal Plain and Mississippi Alluvial Plain Ecoregions. Conversely, once we accounted for the expected dissimilarity caused by the Mississippi River, macroinvertebrate data were better explained by ecoregion than basin. Our analyses indicated that the incorporation of both spatial classifications for assessment will be necessary in this region. Received September 8, 2011; accepted January 14, 2013 C1 [Kaller, Michael D.; Murphy, Catherine E.; Kelso, William E.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Stead, Mark R.] US EPA, Water Monitoring & Assessment Sect, Dallas, TX 75202 USA. RP Kaller, MD (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, 227 Renewable Nat Resources Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM mkalle1@lsu.edu FU United States Environmental Protection Agency [W-950518-01] FX ;The authors thank Phil Crocker of the United States Environmental Protection Agency, Emelise Cormier and Amanda Vincent of the Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality, Ross Hartfield formerly of the Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality, Charlie Demas and Scott Mize of the United States Geological Survey, David Byrd of the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, and the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries. Field collections were conducted by Michael Campbell, Kayla (DiBenedetto) Kimmel, A. Raynie Harlan, Anne (Commagere) Hijuelos, Peter Markos, Adam Piehler, Mason Piehler, Aaron Podey, Chad Thomas, Brian Ward, Jonathan West, and Angela Williamson. Portions of this project were funded by the United States Environmental Protection Agency as Interagency Agreement # W-950518-01. This manuscript was improved by the comments of four anonymous reviewers. This manuscript was approved for publication by the Director of the Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station as manuscript 2012-241-6388. NR 90 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 17 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 142 IS 3 BP 767 EP 782 DI 10.1080/00028487.2013.768547 PG 16 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 167OV UT WOS:000320642200017 ER PT J AU Kavlock, RJ AF Kavlock, R. J. TI A Random Walk through Teratology SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kavlock, R. J.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 97 IS 5 SI SI BP 271 EP 271 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 171MB UT WOS:000320932100002 ER PT J AU Makris, SL AF Makris, S. L. TI Screening Environmental Agents SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Makris, S. L.] US EPA, ORD, NCEA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 97 IS 5 SI SI BP 273 EP 273 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 171MB UT WOS:000320932100006 ER PT J AU Crofton, KM AF Crofton, K. M. TI Adverse Outcome Pathways and Their Unifying Role in Developmental Toxicology SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Crofton, K. M.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 97 IS 5 SI SI BP 277 EP 277 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 171MB UT WOS:000320932100012 ER PT J AU Chandler, KJ Hansen, JM Knudsen, T Hunter, ES AF Chandler, K. J. Hansen, J. M. Knudsen, T. Hunter, E. S. TI Evaluation of a Redox-Sensitive Predictive Model of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation Using Multiple Differentiation Markers and Windows of Development SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Chandler, K. J.; Knudsen, T.; Hunter, E. S.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hansen, J. M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 97 IS 5 SI SI BP 303 EP 303 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 171MB UT WOS:000320932100062 ER PT J AU Hunter, S Rosen, M Jeffay, S Hoopes, M Nichols, H Chandler, K AF Hunter, S. Rosen, M. Jeffay, S. Hoopes, M. Nichols, H. Chandler, K. TI Evaluation of Signaling Pathway Perturbation Using a Kinase Inhibitor Chemical Library in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells ACDC Assay SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hunter, S.; Rosen, M.; Jeffay, S.; Hoopes, M.; Nichols, H.; Chandler, K.] US EPA, ISTD, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 97 IS 5 SI SI BP 306 EP 306 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 171MB UT WOS:000320932100067 ER PT J AU Sipes, NS Hutson, MS Baker, NC Knudsen, TB AF Sipes, N. S. Hutson, M. S. Baker, N. C. Knudsen, T. B. TI Computational Embryology and Predictive Toxicology of Cleft Palate SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sipes, N. S.; Baker, N. C.; Knudsen, T. B.] US EPA, ORD, NCCT, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hutson, M. S.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Hutson, M. S.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 97 IS 5 SI SI BP 314 EP 314 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 171MB UT WOS:000320932100084 ER PT J AU Kleinstreuer, N Knudsen, T Colaiacovo, M Allard, P AF Kleinstreuer, N. Knudsen, T. Colaiacovo, M. Allard, P. TI The Use of Genetic Model Systems for Assessing Environmental Effects on Reproduction SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kleinstreuer, N.; Knudsen, T.] US EPA, NCCT, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Colaiacovo, M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Allard, P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 97 IS 5 SI SI BP 315 EP 315 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 171MB UT WOS:000320932100086 ER PT J AU Watkins, AM Wood, CR Lin, MT Abbot, BD AF Watkins, A. M. Wood, C. R. Lin, M. T. Abbot, B. D. TI Effects of Perfluorinated Chemicals on Adipocyte Development SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Watkins, A. M.; Wood, C. R.; Lin, M. T.; Abbot, B. D.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 97 IS 5 SI SI BP 315 EP 315 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 171MB UT WOS:000320932100085 ER PT J AU Jeffay, S Hoopes, M Nichols, H Rosen, M Chandler, K Hunter, S AF Jeffay, S. Hoopes, M. Nichols, H. Rosen, M. Chandler, K. Hunter, S. TI Evaluation of Chemical-Induced Effects Using a Gastrulation Endpoint in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell ACDC Assay SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jeffay, S.; Hoopes, M.; Nichols, H.; Rosen, M.; Chandler, K.; Hunter, S.] US EPA, ISTD, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 97 IS 5 SI SI BP 342 EP 342 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 171MB UT WOS:000320932100135 ER PT J AU Nichols, H Jeffay, S Hoopes, M Rosen, M Chandler, K Hunter, S AF Nichols, H. Jeffay, S. Hoopes, M. Rosen, M. Chandler, K. Hunter, S. TI Evaluation of Stage-Dependent Sensitivity to Chemical-Induced Perturbation in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Nichols, H.; Jeffay, S.; Hoopes, M.; Rosen, M.; Chandler, K.; Hunter, S.] US EPA, ISTD, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2013 VL 97 IS 5 SI SI BP 342 EP 342 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 171MB UT WOS:000320932100134 ER PT J AU LeFew, WR McConnell, ER Crooks, JL Shafer, TJ AF LeFew, William R. McConnell, Emma R. Crooks, James L. Shafer, Timothy J. TI Evaluation of microelectrode array data using Bayesian modeling as an approach to screening and prioritization for neurotoxicity testing SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chemical screening; Neurotoxicity; Microelectrode array; Data analysis ID CELLS AB The need to assess large numbers of chemicals for their potential toxicities has resulted in increased emphasis on medium- and high-throughput in vitro screening approaches. For such approaches to be useful, efficient and reliable data analysis and hit detection methods are also required. Assessment of chemical effects on neuronal network activity using microelectrode arrays (MEAs) has been proposed as a screening tool for neurotoxicity. The current study examined a Bayesian data analysis approach for assessing effects of a 30 chemical training set on activity of primary cortical neurons grown in multi-well MEA plates. Each well of the MEA plate contained 64 microelectrodes and the data set contains the number of electrical spikes registered by each electrode over the course of each experiment. A Bayesian data analysis approach was developed and then applied to several different parsings of the data set to produce probability determinations for hit selection and ranking. This methodology results in an approach that is approximately 74% sensitive in detecting chemicals in the training set known to alter neuronal function (23 expected positives) while being 100% specific in detecting chemicals expected to have no effect (7 expected negatives). Additionally, this manuscript demonstrates that the Bayesian approach may be combined with a previously published weighted mean firing rate approach in order to produce a more robust hit detection method. In particular, when combined with the weighted mean firing rate approach, the joint analysis produces a sensitivity of approximately 96% and a specificity of 100%. These results demonstrate the utility of a novel approach to analysis of MEA data and support the use of neuronal networks grown on MEAs as a for neurotoxicity screening approach. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [LeFew, William R.; Shafer, Timothy J.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, NHEERL, ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [McConnell, Emma R.] Axion Biosyst, Atlanta, GA USA. [Crooks, James L.] US EPA, Biostat & Bioinformat Res Core, NHEERL, ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Shafer, TJ (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, MD-B105-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Shafer.tim@epa.gov OI Shafer, Timothy/0000-0002-8069-9987 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This work was conducted as part of a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement between the U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development and Axion Biosystems (CRADA 644-11). Preparation of this document has been funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. This document has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The R code used for this document is available by request to WRL (lefew.william@epa.gov). NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD MAY PY 2013 VL 36 BP 34 EP 41 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2013.02.006 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 157JN UT WOS:000319892500005 PM 23454661 ER PT J AU Gillespie, P Tajuba, J Lippmann, M Chen, LC Veronesi, B AF Gillespie, Patricia Tajuba, Julianne Lippmann, Morton Chen, Lung-Chi Veronesi, Bellina TI Particulate matter neurotoxicity in culture is size-dependent SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Particulate matter; Neurodegeneration; Neurotoxicity; Oxidative stress ID CONCENTRATED AMBIENT PARTICLES; INHALED ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; AIR-POLLUTION EXPOSURE; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; OXIDATIVE STRESS; DOPAMINERGIC-NEURONS; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; SUBCHRONIC EXPOSURES; INHALATION EXPOSURE; ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN AB Exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution produces inflammatory damage to the cardiopulmonary system. This toxicity appears to be inversely related to the size of the PM particles, with the ultrafine particle being more inflammatory than larger sizes. Exposure to PM has more recently been associated with neurotoxicity. This study examines if the size-dependent toxicity reported in cardiopulmonary systems also occurs in neural targets. For this study, PM ambient air was collected over a 2 week period from Sterling Forest State Park (Tuxedo, New York) and its particulates sized as Accumulation Mode, Fine (AMF) (>0.18-1 mu m) or Ultrafine (UF) (<0.18 mu m) samples. Rat dopaminergic neurons (N27) were exposed to suspensions of each PM fraction (0, 12.5,25, 50 mu m/ml) and cell loss (as measured by Hoechst nuclear stain) measured after 24 h exposure. Neuronal loss occurred in response to all tested concentrations of UF (>12.5 mu g/ml) but was only significant at the highest concentration of AMF (50 mu g/ml). To examine if PM size-dependent neurotoxicity was retained in the presence of other cell types, dissociated brain cultures of embryonic rat striatum were exposed to AMF (80 mu g/ml) or UF (8.0 mu g/ml). After 24 h exposure, a significant increase of reactive nitrogen species (nitrite) and morphology suggestive of apoptosis occurred in both treatment groups. However, morphometric analysis of neuron specific enolase staining indicated that only the UF exposure produced significant neuronal loss, relative to controls. Together, these data suggest that the inverse relationship between size and toxicity reported in cardiopulmonary systems occurs in cultures of isolated dopaminergic neurons and in primary cultures of the rat striatum. (c) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Gillespie, Patricia; Lippmann, Morton; Chen, Lung-Chi] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Environm Med, New York, NY USA. [Tajuba, Julianne] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Veronesi, Bellina] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Syst Biol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Veronesi, B (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Syst Biol Branch, Mail Drop B105-03 RTP, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Veronesi.bellina@epa.gov OI Chen, Lung Chi/0000-0003-1154-2107 FU NIEHS [R01ES015495, ES00260]; U.S. EPA [R827351] FX Support for P. Gillespie and L.C. Chen provided by research Grant R01ES015495 from NIEHS, Center Grant # R827351 from the U.S. EPA, & by Center Grant # ES00260 from the NIEHS. NR 71 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD MAY PY 2013 VL 36 BP 112 EP 117 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2011.10.006 PG 6 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 157JN UT WOS:000319892500016 PM 22057156 ER PT J AU McFarland, MJ Kumarasamy, K Brobst, RB Hais, A Schmitz, MD AF McFarland, Michael J. Kumarasamy, Karthik Brobst, Robert B. Hais, Alan Schmitz, Mark D. TI Protecting Groundwater Resources at Biosolids Recycling Sites SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article AB In developing the national biosolids recycling rule (Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulation Part 503 or Part 503), the USEPA conducted deterministic risk assessments whose results indicated that the probability of groundwater impairment associated with biosolids recycling was insignificant. Unfortunately, the computational capabilities available for performing risk assessments of pollutant fate and transport at that time were limited. Using recent advances in USEPA risk assessment methodology, the present study evaluates whether the current national biosolids pollutant limits remain protective of groundwater quality. To take advantage of new risk assessment approaches, a computer-based groundwater risk characterization screening tool (RCST) was developed using USEPA's Multimedia, Multi-pathway, Multi-receptor Exposure and Risk Assessment program. The RCST, which generates a noncarcinogenic human health risk estimate (i.e., hazard quotient [HQ] value), has the ability to conduct screening-level risk characterizations. The regulated heavy metals modeled in this study were As, Cd, Ni, Se, and Zn. Results from RCST application to biosolids recycling sites located in Yakima County, Washington, indicated that biosolids could be recycled at rates as high as 90 Mg ha(-1), with no negative human health effects associated with groundwater consumption. Only under unrealistically high biosolids land application rates were public health risks characterized as significant (HQ >= 1.0). For example, by increasing the biosolids application rate and pollutant concentrations to 900 Mg ha(-1) and 10 times the regulatory limit, respectively, the HQ values varied from 1.4 (Zn) to 324.0 (Se). Since promulgation of Part 503, no verifiable cases of groundwater contamination by regulated biosolids pollutants have been reported. C1 [McFarland, Michael J.; Kumarasamy, Karthik] Utah State Univ, Dep Civil & Environm Engn, Logan, UT 84321 USA. [Brobst, Robert B.] US EPA, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Hais, Alan] Water Environm Res Fdn, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA. [Schmitz, Mark D.] Utah Div Water Qual, Salt Lake City, UT 84114 USA. RP McFarland, MJ (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dep Civil & Environm Engn, Logan, UT 84321 USA. EM farlandm@msn.com FU Water Environment Research Foundation [05-CST-2T] FX Funding for this research was provided by the Water Environment Research Foundation under grant 05-CST-2T. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 42 IS 3 BP 660 EP 665 DI 10.2134/jeq2012.0462 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 134LZ UT WOS:000318213000004 PM 23673931 ER PT J AU Ippolito, JA Strawn, DG Scheckel, KG AF Ippolito, J. A. Strawn, D. G. Scheckel, K. G. TI Investigation of Copper Sorption by Sugar Beet Processing Lime Waste SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; HEAVY-METALS CD; ADSORPTION COMPLEXES; CALCITE SURFACE; FLY-ASH; WATER; CU2+; ZN2+; REMOVAL; IONS AB In the western United States, sugar beet processing for sugar recovery generates a lime-based waste product (similar to 250,000 Mg yr(-1)) that has little liming value in the region's calcareous soils. This area has recently experienced an increase in dairy production, with dairies using copper (Cu)-based hoof baths to prevent hoof diseases. A concern exists regarding soil Cu accumulation because spent hoof baths may be disposed of in waste ponds, with pond waters being used for irrigation. The objective of this preliminary study was to evaluate the ability of lime waste to sorb Cu. Lime waste was mixed with increasing Cu-containing solutions (up to 100,000 mg Cu kg(-1) lime waste) at various buffered pH values (pH 6, 7, 8, and 9) and shaken over various time periods (up to 30 d). Copper sorption phenomenon was quantified using sorption maximum fitting, and the sorption mechanism was investigated using X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Results showed that sorption onto lime waste increased with decreasing pH and that the maximum Cu sorption of similar to 45,000 mg kg(-1) occurred at pH 6. X-ray absorption spectroscopy indicated that Cu(OH)(2) was the probable species present, although the precipitate existed as small multinuclear precipitates on the surface of the lime waste. Such structures may be precursors for larger surface precipitates that develop over longer incubation times. Findings suggest that sugar beet processing lime waste can viably sorb Cu from liquid waste streams, and thus it may have the ability to remove Cu from spent hoof baths. C1 [Ippolito, J. A.] USDA ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Strawn, D. G.] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Scheckel, K. G.] Natl Risk Management Res Lab, US Environm Protect Agcy, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. RP Ippolito, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, 3793 N 3600E, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM jim.ippolito@ars.usda.gov RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009; Strawn, Daniel/B-6936-2012 OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241; NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAY-JUN PY 2013 VL 42 IS 3 BP 919 EP 924 DI 10.2134/jeq2013.01.0004 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 134LZ UT WOS:000318213000033 PM 23673960 ER PT J AU Kim, NH Mason, CC Nelson, RG Afton, SE Essader, AS Medlin, JE Levine, KE Hoppin, JA Lin, C Knowler, WC Sandler, DP AF Kim, Nan Hee Mason, Clinton C. Nelson, Robert G. Afton, Scott E. Essader, Amal S. Medlin, James E. Levine, Keith E. Hoppin, Jane A. Lin, Cynthia Knowler, William C. Sandler, Dale P. TI Arsenic Exposure and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Southwestern American Indians SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE arsenic; diabetes mellitus; type 2; incidence; Indians; North American; nested case-control studies ID PANCREATIC BETA-CELLS; INSULIN-SECRETION; DRINKING-WATER; MELLITUS; POPULATION; PREVALENCE; TAIWAN; ASSOCIATION; INHIBITION; BANGLADESH AB Association of urinary arsenic concentration with incident diabetes was examined in American Indians from Arizona who have a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes and were screened for diabetes between 1982 and 2007. The population resides where drinking water contains arsenic at concentrations above federally recommended limits. A total of 150 nondiabetic subjects aged >= 25 years who subsequently developed type 2 diabetes were matched by year of examination and sex to 150 controls who remained nondiabetic for >= 10 years. Total urinary arsenic concentration, adjusted for urinary creatinine level, ranged from 6.6 mu g/L to 123.1 mu g/L, and inorganic arsenic concentration ranged from 0.1 mu g/L to 36.0 mu g/L. In logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and urinary creatinine level, the odds ratios for incident diabetes were 1.11 ( 95% confidence interval ( CI): 0.79, 1.57) and 1.16 ( 95% CI: 0.89, 1.53) for a 2-fold increase in total arsenic and inorganic arsenic, respectively. Categorical analyses suggested a positive relationship between quartiles of inorganic arsenic and incident diabetes ( P = 0.056); post-hoc comparison of quartiles 2-4 with quartile 1 revealed 2-fold higher odds of diabetes in the upper quartiles ( OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.19, 3.85). Modestly elevated exposure to inorganic arsenic may predict type 2 diabetes in American Indians. Larger studies that include measures of speciated arsenic are required for confirmation. C1 [Kim, Nan Hee; Mason, Clinton C.; Nelson, Robert G.; Knowler, William C.] NIDDKD, Diabet Epidemiol & Clin Res Sect, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Afton, Scott E.; Essader, Amal S.; Medlin, James E.; Levine, Keith E.] Res Triangle Inst, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Hoppin, Jane A.; Lin, Cynthia; Sandler, Dale P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Nelson, RG (reprint author), NIH, 1550 East Indian Sch Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85014 USA. EM rnelson@nih.gov OI Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018 FU Intramural Research Programs of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases FX This research was supported by the Intramural Research Programs of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. NR 29 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 52 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD MAY 1 PY 2013 VL 177 IS 9 BP 962 EP 969 DI 10.1093/aje/kws329 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 139IR UT WOS:000318576300014 PM 23504692 ER PT J AU Tomasino, SF AF Tomasino, Stephen F. TI Development and assessment of disinfectant efficacy test methods for regulatory purposes SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Antimicrobials; Public health; Method performance; Registration; Qualitative; Quantitative ID USE-DILUTION METHOD; LOG DENSITY VALUE; INOCULATED CARRIERS; TEST MICROBES AB The United States Environmental Protection Agency regulates pesticidal products, including products with antimicrobial activity. Test guidelines have been established to inform manufacturers of which methodology is appropriate to support a specific efficacy claim. This paper highlights efforts designed to improve current methods and the development and assessment of new test methods. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. C1 US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Microbiol Lab Branch, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. RP Tomasino, SF (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Microbiol Lab Branch, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. EM Tomasino.Stephen@epa.gov FU Advanced Sterilization Products (ASP) FX Publication of this article was supported by Advanced Sterilization Products (ASP). NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD MAY PY 2013 VL 41 IS 5 SU S BP S72 EP S76 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2012.11.007 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 139UQ UT WOS:000318610800015 PM 23622754 ER EF