FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Bare, J AF Bare, Jane TI Recommendation for land use impact assessment: first steps into framework, theory, and implementation SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT Article DE Land use; Life cycle impact assessment (LCIA); Life cycle assessment (LCA); Sustainability metrics; Biodiversity; Ecosystem services ID ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; NATURAL-ENVIRONMENT; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; LANDSCAPE; VALUES AB This article presents research, criteria, framework, and guidance which were developed to provide recommendations for land use impact assessment specific to biofuels, but applicable to a variety of land uses. The criteria for land use modeling were developed along with a 10-step framework including a comprehensive ecosystem services valuation of scenarios. This research program is defined which includes the development of a user-friendly ecosystem services tool with accompanying default values and recommendations on input parameters which are necessary to develop the scenarios, integration curves, maps, and ecosystem profiles of each scenario. Based on these scenarios, curves, maps, and profiles, additional recommendations may be made on land use practices or regional selections. Finally, a discussion of implementation of the theory behind this methodology focuses on an analysis of biofuels. C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Bare, J (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, Off Res & Dev, 26 W MLK Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM bare.jane@epa.gov NR 68 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD FEB PY 2011 VL 13 IS 1 BP 7 EP 18 DI 10.1007/s10098-010-0290-8 PG 12 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 709TJ UT WOS:000286464000002 ER PT J AU Keller, TA Shenk, GW Williams, MR Batiuk, RA AF Keller, Troy A. Shenk, Gary W. Williams, Michael R. Batiuk, Richard A. TI DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW INDICATOR OF POLLUTANT LOADS AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE CHESAPEAKE BAY WATERSHED SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE fluvial transport; large rivers; nutrient management; estuary; indicator; restoration ID RHODE RIVER WATERSHEDS; GULF-OF-MEXICO; AIR-TEMPERATURE; ALGAL BLOOMS; NITROGEN; EUTROPHICATION; PHOSPHORUS; DISCHARGES; NUTRIENTS; PRECIPITATION AB Pollutant load reductions are often required to restore aquatic ecosystems experiencing eutrophication. Loads can be estimated using watershed models or data from monitoring stations, however data availability can limit the timeliness or comprehensiveness of the load estimates. We developed an approach to address this challenge that used watershed model results to estimate the proportion of annual nonpoint source nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and sediment (Sed) loads derived from unmonitored catchments. This proportion was multiplied by the nonpoint portion of United States Geological Survey (USGS) estimated annual river loads to account for annual variation in hydrologic conditions. Total loads were calculated as the sum of measured river loads, reported point sources from unmonitored areas and the estimated nonpoint source loads from unmonitored catchments. We applied this approach to the Chesapeake Bay because of its socio-economic and ecological importance. Median watershed loads for N, P and Sed were 140, 6.4 and 3030 Mg year(-1), respectively (1990-2004). Nonpoint source loads from the monitored areas constituted the greatest source of N, P and Sed (55, 47 and 74% respectively) to the Bay. The high N, P and Sed yield rates (7.3, 0.38 and 99 kg ha(-1) year(-1), respectively) from nonpoint loads originating from unmonitored areas near the Bay resulted in 25, 32 and 26% (N, P and Sed, respectively) of the Bay's total loads (excluding direct atmospheric deposition, shoreline erosion and oceanic inputs). Disproportionately high loads of P and Seds were associated with years that experienced elevated discharge whereas N loads were directly related to discharge. Error estimates indicated that our methods were most reliable for N (+/- 6%) but reasonable for P (+/- 22%) and provide an effective technique for the timely estimation of pollutant loads from watersheds with unmonitored catchments. Management strategies that decrease N deposition and reduce runoff to control P and Sed transport will effectively reduce pollutant loads. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Keller, Troy A.] Columbus State Univ, Environm Sci Program, Columbus, GA 31907 USA. [Shenk, Gary W.; Batiuk, Richard A.] US EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. [Williams, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Annapolis Synth Ctr, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. RP Keller, TA (reprint author), Columbus State Univ, Environm Sci Program, 4225 Univ Ave, Columbus, GA 31907 USA. EM keller_troy@colstate.edu FU Chesapeake Bay Program Office FX This effort was facilitated by Bill Dennison (University of Maryland); Jeff Raffensperger, Scott Phillips, Doug Moyer, Steve Preston and Mike Langland (US Geological Survey); Lewis Linker, the Non-tidal Water Quality Workgroup (CBP) and Ning Zhou (Virginia Institute of Technology). The manuscript benefited from comments by two anonymous reviewers. This research was supported by a Chesapeake Bay Program Office grant to University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1535-1459 J9 RIVER RES APPL JI River Res. Appl. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 27 IS 2 DI 10.1002/rra.1351 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 724TT UT WOS:000287599800006 ER PT J AU Adjalle, KD Vu, KD Tyagi, RD Brar, SK Valero, JR Surampalli, RY AF Adjalle, K. D. Vu, K. D. Tyagi, R. D. Brar, S. K. Valero, J. R. Surampalli, R. Y. TI Optimization of spray drying process for Bacillus thuringiensis fermented wastewater and wastewater sludge SO BIOPROCESS AND BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Bacillus thuringiensis; Wastewater; Sludge; Spray drying; Response surface methodology ID RESPONSE-SURFACE METHODOLOGY; BIOPESTICIDES; FORMULATIONS; MORPHOLOGY; PARTICLES; RECOVERY AB Response surface methodology was used to optimize spray drying process for producing biopesticide powders of Bacillus thuringiensis by using fermented broth of starch industry wastewater and wastewater sludge. Analysis of variance was carried out using number of viable spores in the powder as dependent variable. The determination coefficients of models were 92 and 94% for fermented broth of starch industry wastewater and wastewater sludge, respectively. Under the optimal conditions of the operational parameters of spray drying, the numbers of viable spores were 2.2 x 10(8) and 1.3 x 10(8) CFU/mg in the dry powders for starch industry wastewater and wastewater sludge respectively, with a loss of viable spores of 18 and 13% when compared with their respective fermented broths. The entomotoxicity (measured by the bioassay method) of the powders obtained under optimal conditions showed a loss of 28 and 18% when compared with the fermented broth of starch industry wastewater and wastewater sludge, respectively. The optimized results of spray drying were used for field application calculations. The volume of fermented broth required to produce powder formulated product when compared with the volume required for liquid formulation product in order to treat 1 ha of balsam fir was less and offered several advantages. C1 [Adjalle, K. D.; Vu, K. D.; Tyagi, R. D.; Brar, S. K.; Valero, J. R.] Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM tyagi@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [A4984, STP235071, Canada Research Chair]; INRS-ETE; FQRNT (ENC); SOPFIM (Societe de Protection des Forets contre les Insectes et Maladies) FX The authors are sincerely thankful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grants A4984, STP235071 and Canada Research Chair), INRS-ETE and FQRNT (ENC) for financial support. The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of authors. Kokou Adjalle is grateful to SOPFIM (Societe de Protection des Forets contre les Insectes et Maladies) for the Smirnoff scholarship. NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1615-7591 J9 BIOPROC BIOSYST ENG JI Bioprocess. Biosyst. Eng. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 34 IS 2 BP 237 EP 246 DI 10.1007/s00449-010-0466-y PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering GA 706BO UT WOS:000286190600014 PM 20835715 ER PT J AU Pham, TTH Tyagi, RD Brar, SK Surampalli, RY AF Pham, T. T. H. Tyagi, R. D. Brar, S. K. Surampalli, R. Y. TI Effect of ultrasonication and Fenton oxidation on biodegradation of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in wastewater sludge SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Aerobic digestion; Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; Bacillus thuringiensis; Fenton oxidation; Fermentation; Ultrasonication ID ANAEROBIC-DIGESTION; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; DI-(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE; ENVIRONMENTAL FATE; SECONDARY SLUDGE; ESTERS; PRETREATMENT; DEGRADATION; METABOLITES; REMOVAL AB The presence of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and its metabolites, i.e. 2-ethylhexanol, 2-ethylhexanal, and 2-ethylhexanoic acid in wastewater sludge (WWS) were investigated during aerobic digestion and Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-based fermentation of WWS. Ultrasonication and Fenton oxidation pretreatment was applied to improve biodegradability of WWS and bioavailability of the target compounds for digestion and fermentation. DEHP and 2-ethylhexanoic acid were observed at higher concentration, meanwhile 2-ethylhexanol and 2-ethylhexanal were observed at lower concentration in WWS. After 20-day aerobic digestion, DEHP removal was 72%, 89%, and 85%, and 2-ethylhexanoic acid removal was 71%, 84%, 79%, respectively for raw, ultrasonicated, and Fenton-oxidized sludges. Bt was found to degrade DEHP, leading to DEHP removal of 21%, 40%, and 30%, respectively for raw, ultrasonicated, and Fenton-oxidized sludges in the fermentation. The results suggested that aerobic stabilization and Bt-based fermentation can remove the phthalates, and pre-treatment of WWS was also effective in improvement of DEHP biodegradation. Hence. Bt-based biopesticide production from WWS can be applied safely when taking into consideration the phthalate contaminants. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Pham, T. T. H.; Tyagi, R. D.; Brar, S. K.] Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM tyagi@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [A4984, STP235071]; NSERC; INRS-ETE FX The authors are sincerely thankful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grants A4984, STP235071, Canada Research Chair), NSERC (DG) and INRS-ETE for financial support. The views or opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and should not be construed as opinions of the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 37 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 41 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD FEB PY 2011 VL 82 IS 6 BP 923 EP 928 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.10.035 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 721FA UT WOS:000287337800021 PM 21094970 ER PT J AU Wheeler, AJ Xu, XH Kulka, R You, HY Wallace, L Mallach, G Van Ryswyk, K MacNeill, M Kearney, J Dabek-Zlotorzynska, E Wang, D Poon, R Williams, R Stocco, C Anastassopoulos, A Miller, JD Dales, R Brook, JR AF Wheeler, Amanda J. Xu, Xiaohong Kulka, Ryan You, Hongyu Wallace, Lance Mallach, Gary Van Ryswyk, Keith MacNeill, Morgan Kearney, Jill Dabek-Zlotorzynska, Ewa Wang, Daniel Poon, Raymond Williams, Ron Stocco, Corinne Anastassopoulos, Angelos Miller, J. David Dales, Robert Brook, Jeffrey R. TI Windsor, Ontario Exposure Assessment Study: Design and Methods Validation of Personal, Indoor, and Outdoor Air Pollution Monitoring SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID AIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER; ASTHMATIC-CHILDREN; ELEMENTARY SCHOOLCHILDREN; ACTIVITY PATTERNS; MEASUREMENT ERROR; OXIDATIVE STRESS; TIME-ACTIVITY; BALTIMORE; PARTICLES; AMBIENT AB The Windsor, Ontario Exposure Assessment Study evaluated the contribution of ambient air pollutants to personal and indoor exposures of adults and asthmatic children living in Windsor, Ontario, Canada. In addition, the role of personal, indoor, and outdoor air pollution exposures upon asthmatic children's respiratory health was assessed. Several active and passive sampling methods were applied, or adapted, for personal, indoor, and outdoor residential monitoring of nitrogen dioxide, volatile organic compounds, particulate matter (PM; PM <= 2.5 mu m [PM(2.5)] and <= 10 mu m [PM(10)] in aerodynamic diameter), elemental carbon, ultrafine particles, ozone, air exchange rates, allergens in settled dust, and particulate-associated metals. Participants completed five consecutive days of monitoring during the winter and summer of 2005 and 2006. During 2006, in addition to undertaking the air pollution measurements, asthmatic children completed respiratory health measurements (including peak flow meter tests and exhaled breath condensate) and tracked respiratory symptoms in a diary. Extensive quality assurance and quality control steps were implemented, including the collocation of instruments at the National Air Pollution Surveillance site operated by Environment Canada and at the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality site in Allen Park, Detroit, MI. During field sampling, duplicate and blank samples were also completed and these data are reported. In total, 50 adults and 51 asthmatic children were recruited to participate, resulting in 922 participant days of data. When comparing the methods used in the study with standard reference methods, field blanks were low and bias was acceptable, with most methods being within 20% of reference methods. Duplicates were typically within less than 10% of each other, indicating that study results can be used with confidence. This paper covers study design, recruitment, methodology, time activity diary, surveys, and quality assurance and control results for the different methods used. C1 [Wheeler, Amanda J.; Kulka, Ryan; You, Hongyu; Mallach, Gary; Van Ryswyk, Keith; MacNeill, Morgan; Kearney, Jill; Stocco, Corinne] Hlth Canada, Air Hlth Sci Div, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada. [Xu, Xiaohong] Univ Windsor, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada. [Dabek-Zlotorzynska, Ewa; Wang, Daniel] Environm Canada, Anal & Air Qual Div, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada. [Poon, Raymond] Hlth Canada, Hazard Identificat Div, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada. [Williams, Ron] US EPA, Exposure Measurements & Anal Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Anastassopoulos, Angelos] Carleton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. [Miller, J. David] Carleton Univ, Dept Chem, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. [Dales, Robert] Hlth Canada, Populat Studies Div, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada. [Brook, Jeffrey R.] Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Wheeler, AJ (reprint author), Hlth Canada, Air Hlth Sci Div, 269 Laurier Ave W,3-080, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada. EM amanda.wheeler@hc-sc.gc.ca RI Wallace, Lance/K-7264-2013; Rasmussen, Pat/R-8176-2016; OI Rasmussen, Pat/0000-0001-6748-4255; Wheeler, Amanda/0000-0001-9288-8163; Wallace, Lance/0000-0002-6635-2303 FU BAQS through Health Canada FX The participants and their families are gratefully thanked for their contributions to these 2 yr of data collection; without them, none of this research would have been possible. The careful field work undertaken by the numerous field technicians from Health Canada and the University of Windsor is appreciated. The authors would like to acknowledge contributions from Dr. Paul Villeneuve (Health Canada) for the power calculation; Alice Grgicak-Mannion (Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor) for the map of residential locations; Mark Davey (University of Washington), Steve Ferguson, and Dr. Mike Wolfson (Harvard School of Public Health) for their guidance on methods and laboratory analyses; Sandy Benetti of Environment Canada for her help in the initial coordination of the laboratory activities and sample analyses; Don Fugler of the Canadian Mortgage and Housing Corporation and Dr. Russell Dietz of Brookhaven National Laboratory for their support with AER measurements; Environment Canada and MDEQ for permitting the authors to locate instruments at the College Road and Allen Park sites and access to their data for the method comparisons; and Dr. Markey Johnson and Dr. Scott Weichenthal from Health Canada for conducting the internal review. BAQS provided funding through Health Canada. Although this work was reviewed by EPA and approved for publication, it may not necessarily reflect official agency policy. NR 56 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 22 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 61 IS 2 BP 142 EP 156 DI 10.3155/1047-3289.61.2.142 PG 15 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 717UY UT WOS:000287074100003 PM 21387932 ER PT J AU Valari, M Menut, L Chatignoux, E AF Valari, Myrto Menut, Laurent Chatignoux, Edouard TI Using a Chemistry Transport Model to Account for the Spatial Variability of Exposure Concentrations in Epidemiologic Air Pollution Studies SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID TIME-SERIES; PARTICULATE MATTER; MEASUREMENT-ERROR; HEALTH; POLLUTANTS; MORTALITY; OZONE; PHILADELPHIA; DISEASE; SYSTEM AB Environmental epidemiology and more specifically time-series analysis have traditionally used area-averaged pollutant concentrations measured at central monitors as exposure surrogates to associate health outcomes with air pollution. However, spatial aggregation has been shown to contribute to the overall bias in the estimation of the exposure-response functions. This paper presents the benefit of adding features of the spatial variability of exposure by using concentration fields modeled with a chemistry transport model instead of monitor data and accounting for human activity patterns. On the basis of county-level census data for the city of Paris, France, and a Monte Carlo simulation, a simple activity model was developed accounting for the temporal variability between working and evening hours as well as during transit. By combining activity data with modeled concentrations, the downtown, suburban, and rural spatial patterns in exposure to nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and PM2.5 (particulate matter [PM] <= 10 mu m in aerodynamic diameter) were captured and parametrized. Exposures predicted with this model were used in a time-series study of the short-term effect of air pollution on total nonaccidental mortality for the 4-yr period from 2001 to 2004. It was shown that the time series of the exposure surrogates developed here are less correlated across co-pollutants than in the case of the area-averaged monitor data. This led to less biased exposure-response functions when all three co-pollutants were inserted simultaneously in the same regression model. This finding yields insight into pollutant-specific health effects that are otherwise masked by the high correlation among co-pollutants. C1 [Valari, Myrto; Menut, Laurent] Ecole Polytech, Meteorol Dynam Lab, Inst Pierre Simon Laplace, Palaiseau, France. [Chatignoux, Edouard] Reg Hlth Observ Paris Ile de France Reg, Paris, France. RP Valari, M (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling Div, Mail Drop E243-02,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Valari.Myrto@epa.gov RI Wang, Linden/M-6617-2014; Menut, Laurent/O-2296-2016 OI Menut, Laurent/0000-0001-9776-0812 NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1096-2247 EI 2162-2906 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 61 IS 2 BP 164 EP 179 DI 10.3155/1047-3289.61.2.164 PG 16 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 717UY UT WOS:000287074100005 PM 21387934 ER PT J AU Wahman, DG Katz, LE Speitel, GE AF Wahman, David G. Katz, Lynn E. Speitel, Gerald E., Jr. TI Performance and biofilm activity of nitrifying biofilters removing trihalomethanes SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Trihalomethanes; Cometabolism; Nitrification; Disinfection by-products; Drinking water ID HALOACETIC ACIDS; ACTIVATED CARBON; DRINKING-WATER; NITROSOMONAS-EUROPAEA; ENRICHMENT CULTURES; RATE COEFFICIENTS; MIXED CULTURE; BIODEGRADATION; COMETABOLISM; UNCERTAINTIES AB Nitrifying biofilters seeded with three different mixed-culture sources removed trichloromethane (TCM) and dibromochloromethane (DBCM) with removals reaching 18% for TCM and 75% for DBCM. In addition, resuspended biofilm removed TCM, bromodichloromethane (BDCM), DBCM, and tribromomethane (TBM) in backwash batch kinetic tests, demonstrating that the biofilters contained organisms capable of biotransforming the four regulated trihalomethanes (THMs) commonly found in treated drinking water. Upon the initial and subsequent increased TCM addition, total ammonia nitrogen (TOTNH(3)) removal decreased and then reestablished, indicating an adjustment by the biofilm bacteria. In addition, changes in DBCM removal indicated a change in activity related to DBCM. The backwash batch kinetic tests provided a useful tool to evaluate the biofilm's bacteria. Based on these experiments, the biofilters contained bacteria with similar THM removal kinetics to those seen in previous batch kinetic experiments. Overall, performance or selection does not seem based specifically on nutrients, source water, or source cultures and most likely results from THM product toxicity, and the use of GAC media appeared to offer benefits over anthracite for biofilter stability and long-term performance, although the reasons for this advantage are not apparent based on research to date. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wahman, David G.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Katz, Lynn E.; Speitel, Gerald E., Jr.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Wahman, DG (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM wahman.david@epa.gov OI Wahman, David/0000-0002-0167-8468 FU American Water Works Association Research Foundation (AwwaRF); Texas Advanced Technology Research Program (ATP) FX This research was funded by the American Water Works Association Research Foundation (AwwaRF) and Texas Advanced Technology Research Program (ATP), which the authors thank for their financial, technical, and administrative assistance. The comments and views detailed herein may not necessarily reflect the views of AwwaRF, its officers, directors, affiliates, or agents. Any opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 39 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 31 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 45 IS 4 BP 1669 EP 1680 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2010.12.012 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 716SY UT WOS:000286995000016 PM 21195446 ER PT J AU Garantziotis, S AF Garantziotis, S. TI Modulation of plasma complement by the initial dose of epirubicin/docetaxel therapy in breast cancer and its predictive value SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Letter ID ALPHA-TRYPSIN INHIBITOR; PROTEINS C1 [Garantziotis, S.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Resp Biol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Garantziotis, S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Garantziotis, S (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Resp Biol, POB 12233,MD-CU01,111 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM garantziotis@niehs.nih.gov RI Garantziotis, Stavros/A-6903-2009 OI Garantziotis, Stavros/0000-0003-4007-375X NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0007-0920 J9 BRIT J CANCER JI Br. J. Cancer PD FEB 1 PY 2011 VL 104 IS 3 BP 542 EP 542 DI 10.1038/sj.bjc.6606068 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 722IY UT WOS:000287427100025 PM 21224852 ER PT J AU Vesper, S AF Vesper, Stephen TI Traditional mould analysis compared to a DNA-based method of mould analysis SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID QUANTITATIVE PCR ANALYSIS; REAL-TIME PCR; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; RELATIVE MOLDINESS INDEX; STACHYBOTRYS-CHARTARUM; FUNGAL CONTAMINATION; HOUSE-DUST; HOMES; INDOOR; ASPERGILLUS AB Traditional environmental mould analysis is based on microscopic observations and counting of mould structures collected from the air on a sticky surface or culturing of moulds on growth media for identification and quantification. These approaches have significant limitations. A DNA-based method of mould analysis called mould specific quantitative PCR (MSQPCR) was created for more than 100 moulds. Based on a national sampling and analysis by MSQPCR of dust in US homes, a scale for comparing the mould burden in homes was created called the Environmental Relative Mouldiness Index (ERMI).90%. All influent samples were acutely toxic to Ceriodaphnia dubia and Pimephales promelas; toxicity was removed following treatment, except in the Luttrell Repository and Standard Mine BCR samples. Laboratory aeration of undiluted samples eliminated (Standard Mine BCR) or significantly reduced (Luttrell Repository, 65% survival) acute toxicity, most likely through removal of hydrogen sulfide. A toxicity identification evaluation suggested that metals also might be contributing to toxicity in the Luttrell Repository effluent samples; metals other than Mn were either not detected or very low (Fe and Pb) in the Standard Mine BCR samples. Field-aerated samples were not acutely toxic, and only the Luttrell Repository and Standard Mine samples showed short-term subchronic toxicity. Overall, results indicated BCR treatment had high metal removal efficiency and that inclusion of in-field aeration was beneficial in removal of acute and short-term subchronic toxicity. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:385-392. (C) 2010 SETAC C1 [Smith, Mark E.; Lazorchak, James M.] US EPA, McConnell Grp, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Lazorchak, JM (reprint author), US EPA, McConnell Grp, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM lazorchak.jim@epa.gov OI Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571 FU U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development's Engineering Technical Support Center; McConnell Group, U.S. EPA [EP-D-06-096, EP-C-05-056] FX The authors thank Mike Bishop for access to the Luttrell and PJK sites, Jeff Schoenbacher for access to the Park City site, and Christina Progess for access to the Standard Mine site. The authors thank the McConnell Group, a U.S. EPA contractor, for toxicity testing (contract EP-D-06-096); Pegasus, a contractor to the U.S. EPA, for ICP, sulfide, and TOC analyses (contract EP-C-05-056); Larry Wetzel from U.S. EPA NRMRL for conducting microwave digestions; and anonymous reviewers for constructive comments. The U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development's Engineering Technical Support Center funded the research described in this paper. The manuscript was administratively reviewed and approved for publication. Citations of product, company, or trade names do not constitute endorsement by the U.S. EPA and are provided only for the purpose of better describing information. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 30 IS 2 BP 385 EP 392 DI 10.1002/etc.397 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 710DB UT WOS:000286490000016 PM 21072838 ER PT J AU Wehmas, LC Cavallin, JE Durhan, EJ Kahl, MD Martinovic, D Mayasich, J Tuominen, T Villeneuve, DL Ankley, GT AF Wehmas, Leah C. Cavallin, Jenna E. Durhan, Elizabeth J. Kahl, Michael D. Martinovic, Dalma Mayasich, Joe Tuominen, Tim Villeneuve, Daniel L. Ankley, Gerald T. TI SCREENING COMPLEX EFFLUENTS FOR ESTROGENIC ACTIVITY WITH THE T47D-KBLUC CELL BIOASSAY: ASSAY OPTIMIZATION AND COMPARISON WITH IN VIVO RESPONSES IN FISH SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Estrogens; Gene expression; Complex mixtures; Solid-phase extraction ID WASTE-WATER; FATHEAD MINNOWS; PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; SEWAGE EFFLUENT; TREATMENT-PLANT; SURFACE-WATER; VITELLOGENIN; EXPRESSION; VITRO; IDENTIFICATION AB Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents can contain estrogenic chemicals, which potentially disrupt fish reproduction and development. The current study focused on the use of an estrogen-responsive in vitro cell bioassay (T47D-KBluc), to quantify total estrogenicity of WWTP effluents. We tested a novel sample preparation method for the T47D-KBluc assay, using powdered media prepared with direct effluent. Results of the T47D-KBluc assay were compared with the induction of estrogen receptor regulated gene transcription in male fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) exposed to the same effluents. Effluent samples for the paired studies were collected over the course of three months. According to the T47D-KBluc assay, the effluent estrogenicity ranged from 1.13 to 2.00 ng 17 beta-estradiol (E2) equivalents/L. Corresponding in vivo studies exposing male fathead minnows to 0, 10, 50, and 100% effluent dilutions demonstrated that exposure to 100% effluent significantly increased hepatic vitellogenin (VTG) and estrogen receptor a subunit transcripts relative to controls. The induction was also significant in males exposed to 250 ng E2/L or 100 ng E2/L. The in vitro and in vivo results support the conclusion that the effluent contains significant estrogenic activity, but there was a discrepancy between in vitro and in vivo based E2 equivalent estimates. Our results suggest that the direct effluent preparation method for the T47D-KBluc assay is a reasonable approach to estimate the estrogenicity of wastewater effluent. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:439-445. (C) 2010 SETAC C1 [Wehmas, Leah C.; Cavallin, Jenna E.; Durhan, Elizabeth J.; Kahl, Michael D.; Martinovic, Dalma; Villeneuve, Daniel L.; Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Martinovic, Dalma] Univ St Thomas, St Paul, MN USA. [Mayasich, Joe; Tuominen, Tim] Western Lake Super Sanit Dist, Duluth, MN USA. RP Cavallin, JE (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM cavallin.jenna@epa.gov OI Martinovic-Weigelt, Dalma/0000-0002-9973-4965 NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 21 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 N 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 30 IS 2 BP 439 EP 445 DI 10.1002/etc.388 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 710DB UT WOS:000286490000021 PM 21038435 ER PT J AU Pfleeger, T Olszyk, D Lee, EH Plocher, M AF Pfleeger, Thomas Olszyk, David Lee, E. Henry Plocher, Milton TI COMPARING EFFECTS OF LOW LEVELS OF HERBICIDES ON GREENHOUSE- AND FIELD-GROWN POTATOES (SOLANUM TUBEROSUM L.), SOYBEANS (GLYCINE MAX L.), AND PEAS (PISUM SATIVUM L.) SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Phytotoxicity; Plant reproductive test; Toxicity endpoints; Sulfometuron-methyl; Glyphosate ID PESTICIDE REGISTRATION; SIMULATED DRIFT; SEED PRODUCTION; SULFONYLUREA; PLANTS; CROP; CHLORSULFURON; REPRODUCTION; VARIABILITY; GUIDELINES AB Although laboratory toxicology tests are generally easy to perform, cost effective, and readily interpreted, they have been questioned for their environmental relevance. In contrast, field tests are considered realistic while producing results that are difficult to interpret and expensive to obtain. Toxicology tests were conducted on potatoes, peas, and soybeans grown in a native soil in pots in the greenhouse and were compared to plants grown outside under natural environmental conditions to determine toxicological differences between environments, whether different plant developmental stages were more sensitive to herbicides, and whether these species were good candidates for plant reproductive tests. The reproductive and vegetative endpoints of the greenhouse plants and field-grown plants were also compared. The herbicides bromoxynil, glyphosate, MCPA ([4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy] acetic acid), and sulfometuron-methyl were applied at below field application rates to potato plants at two developmental stages. Peas and soybeans were exposed to sulfometuron-methyl at similar rates at three developmental stages. The effective herbicide concentrations producing a 25% reduction in a given measure differed between experimental conditions but were generally within a single order of magnitude within a species, even though there were differences in plant morphology. This study demonstrated that potatoes, peas, and soybeans grown in pots in a greenhouse produce phytotoxicity results similar to those grown outside in pots; that reproductive endpoints in many cases were more sensitive than vegetative ones; and that potato and pea plants are reasonable candidates for asexual and sexual reproductive phytotoxicity tests, respectively. Plants grown in pots in a greenhouse and outside varied little in toxicity. However, extrapolating those toxicity results to native plant communities in the field is basically unknown and in need of research. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:455-468. (C) 2010 SETAC C1 [Pfleeger, Thomas; Olszyk, David; Lee, E. Henry] US EPA, Corvallis, OR USA. [Plocher, Milton] Dynamac Corp, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Pfleeger, T (reprint author), US EPA, Corvallis, OR USA. EM Pfleeger.thomas@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors thank Alvin Mosley from Oregon State University. The authors thank Elizabeth Davis and Henry Miller from the Senior Environmental Employee Program of the National Asian Pacific Center on Aging; George King, Fred Senecal, and Colleen Schowalter from Dynamic Corporation; and Jee Lee and Conor Bidelspach, Oregon State University students. We also thank Jeremy Clark and two anonymous reviewers. The information in this document has been funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 12 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 N 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 30 IS 2 BP 455 EP 468 DI 10.1002/etc.394 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 710DB UT WOS:000286490000023 PM 21038430 ER PT J AU Bergfelt, DR Steinetz, BG Lasano, S West, KL Campbell, M Adams, GP AF Bergfelt, Don R. Steinetz, Bernard G. Lasano, Salamia West, Kristi L. Campbell, Michelle Adams, Gregg P. TI Relaxin and progesterone during pregnancy and the post-partum period in association with live and stillborn calves in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bottlenose dolphins; Pregnancy; Progesterone; Relaxin; Stillbirths ID SERUM; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY; STILLBIRTH; DIAGNOSIS; PLACENTA; ABORTION; MARKER; URINE; ROLES; CYCLE AB The objectives of this study were to validate a relaxin and progesterone RIA for use in bottlenose dolphins, and quantify and characterize both hormones in extracts of placental tissue and serum collected during pregnancy and the post-partum period, and compare the results between dolphins with live and stillborn calves. In Experiment 1, validation of a heterologous relaxin and progesterone RIA involved specific displacement of antibody-bound radiolabeled human relaxin or progesterone in response to increasing volumes of pooled pregnant dolphin serum and amounts of respective hormone standards added to a fixed volume of serum. The displacement curves were considered parallel and additive relative to respective standard curves. In Experiment 2, immunoreactive relaxin and progesterone were detected in placental extracts and, in corresponding serum samples, concentrations of both hormones were higher during the pre-partum than post-partum periods. Circulatory concentrations of progesterone decreased (P < 0.05) from relatively high concentrations during early and mid-pregnancy to intermediate concentrations by late pregnancy (month effect, P < 0.0001) in dolphins with live births, whereas, in dolphins with stillbirths, the decrease in progesterone began earlier (month-by-birth status interaction, P < 0.007); mean concentrations were lower at mid- (37%, P < 0.06) and late (25%) pregnancy. Temporally, relaxin increased (P < 0.05) progressively from relatively low concentrations during early pregnancy to high concentrations during late pregnancy (month effect, P < 0.0001) and was not different between birth statuses (birth status effect. P = 0.76; month-by-birth status interaction, P = 0.17). Even though the interaction did not reach significance, mean relaxin concentrations were 42%, 29%, and 34% lower at early, mid-, and late pregnancy, respectively, in dolphins with stillbirths than in those with live births. In conclusion, the pregnancy-specific increase in serum concentrations of relaxin and lower concentrations of both relaxin and progesterone in association with stillbirths suggest the potential for relaxin to be used diagnostically to determine pregnancy status, and one or both hormones to be used to assess placental function, and, perhaps, fetal well-being in bottlenose dolphins and other cetaceans. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Bergfelt, Don R.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Steinetz, Bernard G.; Lasano, Salamia] NYU, Sch Med, Tuxedo Pk, NY 10987 USA. [West, Kristi L.] Hawaii Pacific Univ, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA. [Campbell, Michelle] Dolphin Quest & Quest Global Management, Waikoloa, HI 96738 USA. [Adams, Gregg P.] Univ Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada. RP Bergfelt, DR (reprint author), US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM bergfelt.don@epa.gov FU National Marine Mammal Laboratory; NYU NIEHS Center [ES00260] FX This study was supported by grants from the National Marine Mammal Laboratory and NYU NIEHS Center (ES00260). Dolphin serum samples and placentas were provided by Dolphin Quest and the Indianapolis Zoo. The authors thank Drs. Jay Sweeney, Rae Stone, Gregg Levine, and the Dolphin Quest training staff who manage the Dolphin Quest Reproduction Program. In addition, the authors thank Drs. Todd Robeck for providing supplementary reference material on reproduction in cetaceans and Mohd Beg for assistance with statistical analyses. NR 46 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0016-6480 J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. PD FEB 1 PY 2011 VL 170 IS 3 BP 650 EP 656 DI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2010.12.002 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 712EK UT WOS:000286647300030 PM 21156178 ER PT J AU Griffin, SM Chen, IM Fout, GS Wade, TJ Egorov, AI AF Griffin, Shannon M. Chen, Ing M. Fout, G. Shay Wade, Timothy J. Egorov, Andrey I. TI Development of a multiplex microsphere immunoassay for the quantitation of salivary antibody responses to selected waterborne pathogens SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Luminex immunoassay; Salivary antibody; Waterborne; Helicobacter pylori; Toxoplasma gondii; Noroviruses; Cryptosporidium ID NORWALK VIRUS-INFECTION; ORAL-FLUID COLLECTION; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI INFECTION; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G ANTIBODIES; SECRETORY IGA ANTIBODIES; COAST-GUARD CUTTER; DRINKING-WATER; UNITED-STATES; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY AB Saliva has an important advantage over serum as a medium for antibody detection due to noninvasive sampling, which is critical for community-based epidemiological surveys. The development of a Luminex multiplex immunoassay for measurement of salivary IgG and IgA responses to potentially waterborne pathogens, Helicobacter pylori, Toxoplasma gondii, Cryptosporidium, and four noroviruses, involved selection of antigens and optimization of antigen coupling to Luminex microspheres. Coupling confirmation was conducted using antigen specific antibody or control sera at serial dilutions. Dose response curves corresponding to different coupling conditions were compared using statistical tests. Control proteins in the specific antibody assay and a separate duplex assay for total immunoglobulins G and A were employed to assess antibody cross-reactivity and variability in saliva composition. 200 saliva samples prospectively collected from 20 adult volunteers and 10 paired sera from a subset of these volunteers were used to test this method. For chronic infections, H. pylori and T. gondii, individuals who tested IgG seropositive using commercial diagnostic ELISA also had the strongest salivary antibody responses in salivary antibody tests. A steep increase in antinorovirus salivary antibody response (immunoconversion) was observed after an episode of acute diarrhea and vomiting in a volunteer. The Luminex assay also detected seroconversions to Cryptosporidium using control sera from infected children. Ongoing efforts involve further verification of salivary antibody tests and their application in larger pilot community studies. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Wade, Timothy J.; Egorov, Andrey I.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Griffin, Shannon M.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Griffin, Shannon M.; Fout, G. Shay] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Egorov, AI (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD 58C, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM andegorov@gmail.com FU U.S. Department of Energy; USEPA FX Shannon Griffin was supported through an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and USEPA. The authors are grateful to Drs. Jeffrey Priest, Jan Vinje, Harry Kleanthous, Honorine Ward, Xi Jiang, and Alec Sutherland for kindly providing proteins, antibodies, or control sera for this study, and Eric Rhodes, Jeffrey Swartout, and Swinburne Augustine for critical review of this manuscript. Although this work was reviewed by USEPA and approved for publication, it represents views of its authors and does not reflect official Agency policy. The mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 49 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1759 J9 J IMMUNOL METHODS JI J. Immunol. Methods PD FEB 1 PY 2011 VL 364 IS 1-2 BP 83 EP 93 DI 10.1016/j.jim.2010.11.005 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 717QO UT WOS:000287062700009 PM 21093445 ER PT J AU Heberling, MT AF Heberling, Matthew T. TI Issues in Water Quality Trading: Introduction to Featured Collection SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID NONPOINT POLLUTION-CONTROL; PROGRAMS C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Heberling, MT (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM heberling.matt@epa.gov OI Heberling, Matthew/0000-0003-1120-612X NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 47 IS 1 BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00510.x PG 4 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 711ZA UT WOS:000286629700001 ER PT J AU Sidle, WC Cvetic, V AF Sidle, W. C. Cvetic, V. TI Stable water isotope climate archives in springs from the Olympic Mountains, Washington SO ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Stable isotope; Spring; Holocene climate change; Olympic Mountains ID SUBDUCTION COMPLEX; NORTH-AMERICA; TREE-RINGS; GROUNDWATER; PRECIPITATION; HYDROGEN; MODELS; SIMULATIONS; HYDROLOGY; DEUTERIUM AB The (18)O and (2)H (HDO) compositions are summarized for sampled springs (n = 81) within the Elwha watershed (a parts per thousand 692 km(2)) on the northern Olympic Peninsula. Samples, collected during 2001-2009, of springs (n = 158), precipitation (n = 520), streams (n = 176), and firn (n = 3) assisted the determinations for meteoric composition of recharge waters. The local mean water line (LMWL) is defined as delta(2)H = 8.2 delta(18)O - 9.3 for the watershed. Recharge history is surmised from groundwater ages ranging from 5 +/- A 3 years (apparent (85)Kr) to 9,490 +/- A 420 (14)C cal years BP. About 56% of the springs were recharged over the last 1,000 years while 13% of springs were recharged over 5,000 years ago. Spring HDO values fluctuate between -11.8 to -15.6aEuro degrees delta(18)O and -90.9 to -119.4aEuro degrees delta(2)H. Deuterium excess values predominate around 4-6aEuro degrees. The HDO proxy records from springs suggest a pronounced paleoclimate shift in air masses near 5,000 year BP on the Peninsula. C1 [Sidle, W. C.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Cvetic, V.] Groundwater Res Co, Port Angeles, WA 98363 USA. RP Sidle, WC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM sidle.william@epa.gov NR 60 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1866-6280 J9 ENVIRON EARTH SCI JI Environ. Earth Sci. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 62 IS 3 BP 569 EP 580 DI 10.1007/s12665-010-0548-9 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 706CE UT WOS:000286193200010 ER PT J AU Farraj, AK Hazari, MS Haykal-Coates, N Lamb, C Winsett, DW Ge, Y Ledbetter, AD Carll, AP Bruno, M Ghio, A Costa, DL AF Farraj, Aimen K. Hazari, Mehdi S. Haykal-Coates, Najwa Lamb, Christina Winsett, Darrell W. Ge, Yue Ledbetter, Allen D. Carll, Alex P. Bruno, Maribel Ghio, Andy Costa, Daniel L. TI ST Depression, Arrhythmia, Vagal Dominance, and Reduced Cardiac Micro-RNA in Particulate-Exposed Rats SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE air pollution; arrhythmia; autonomic nervous system; cardiac microRNA; pulmonary toxicity ID HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; OIL FLY-ASH; GASEOUS AIR-POLLUTION; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; AMBIENT AIR; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; SEGMENT DEPRESSION; HYPERTENSIVE-RATS; FINE PARTICULATE; HEALTHY-CHILDREN AB Recently, investigators demonstrated associations between fine particulate matter (PM)-associated metals and adverse health effects. Residual oil fly ash (ROFA), a waste product of fossil fuel combustion from boilers, is rich in the transition metals Fe, Ni, and V, and when released as a fugitive particle, is an important contributor to ambient fine particulate air pollution. We hypothesized that a single-inhalation exposure to transition metal-rich PM will cause concentration-dependent cardiovascular toxicity in spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats. Rats implanted with telemeters to monitor heart rate and electrocardiogram were exposed once by nose-only inhalation for 4 hours to 3.5 mg/m(3), 1.0 mg/m(3), or 0.45 mg/m(3) of a synthetic PM (dried salt solution), similar in composition to a well-studied ROFA sample consisting of Fe, Ni, and V. Exposure to the highest concentration of PM decreased T-wave amplitude and area, caused ST depression, reduced heart rate (HR), and increased non-conducted P-wave arrhythmias. These changes were accompanied by increased pulmonary inflammation, lung resistance, and vagal tone, as indicated by changes in markers of HR variability (increased root of the mean of squared differences of adjacent RR intervals [RMSSD], low frequency [LF], high frequency [HF], and decreased LF/HF), and attenuated myocardial micro-RNA (RNA segments that suppress translation by targeting messenger RNA) expression. The low and intermediate concentrations of PM had less effect on the inflammatory, HR variability, and micro-RNA endpoints, but still caused significant reductions in HR. In addition, the intermediate concentration caused ST depression and increased QRS area, whereas the low concentration increased the T-wave parameters. Thus, PM-induced cardiac dysfunction is mediated by multiple mechanisms that may be dependent on PM concentration and myocardial vulnerability (this abstract does not reflect the policy of the United States Environmental Protection Agency). C1 [Farraj, Aimen K.; Hazari, Mehdi S.; Winsett, Darrell W.; Ledbetter, Allen D.; Ghio, Andy] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Haykal-Coates, Najwa] US EPA, Biostat & Bioinformat Res Core Unit, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Carll, Alex P.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Lamb, Christina; Bruno, Maribel] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ge, Yue] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Costa, Daniel L.] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Farraj, AK (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Mail Code B143-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM farraj.aimen@epa.gov OI Carll, Alex/0000-0003-1832-3070 FU University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; United States Environmental Protection Agency [EPA CR83323601] FX C.L. was funded by a Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program Training Grant from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. A. P. C. was supported by grant EPA CR83323601 from the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. NR 71 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1044-1549 J9 AM J RESP CELL MOL JI Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 44 IS 2 BP 185 EP 196 DI 10.1165/rcmb.2009-0456OC PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System GA 753KJ UT WOS:000289771700007 PM 20378750 ER PT J AU Butler, TJ Vermeylen, FM Rury, M Likens, GE Lee, B Bowker, GE McCluney, L AF Butler, Thomas J. Vermeylen, Francoise M. Rury, Melissa Likens, Gene E. Lee, Brian Bowker, George E. McCluney, Lance TI Response of ozone and nitrate to stationary source NOx emission reductions in the eastern USA SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Ozone trends; Nitrate trends; NOx emissions; Random coefficient models; Nitrogen Budget trading program; NBP ID GROUND-LEVEL OZONE; AIR ACT AMENDMENTS; UNITED-STATES; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; BACKGROUND OZONE; URBAN AREAS; PHASE-I; TRENDS; IMPACT; HYDROCARBONS AB This study is an assessment of the impact of reduced stationary source NOx emissions on ground-level concentrations of ozone (O-3) and dry-NO3 (HNO3(g) + NO3(p)-) in the eastern United States (EUS). Total anthropogenic NOx and VOC emissions have declined 32% and 20%, respectively, from 1997 to 2005 in the 20 eastern states participating in a NOx Budget Trading Program (NBP). Annual and ozone season (OS) NOx emissions from electric generating units (EGUs) have declined 48% and 66%, respectively, in the EUS. From 1997-1999 to 2006-2008 measured decline in meteorologically adjusted (met-adj) daily maximum 8-h (dm8h) O-3, has been 8 ppb or 14% for the EUS during the May-September OS, with the largest declines occurring in the highest concentration category (99th percentile). Random coefficient models, with NBP and Acid Rain Program (ARP) regulated NOx emissions as the independent variable, show highly significant relations (p <= 0.0001) to dm8h O-3 for 1997-2008 during the OS. Regional declines within the EUS range from 11% to 16%. The patterns of the O-3 trends are in general agreement with other recent studies. Rural and urban sites both show similar levels of decline from pre- to post-NBP periods. Dry-NO3 during the OS shows a substantial decline from 3.1 to 1.8 mu g NO3 m(-3). Random coefficient models show regional results ranging from 32% to 39% declines, and measured results show a 35-46% decline in dry-NO3 from 1997-1999 to 2006-2008. These results suggest that regulating NOx emissions has been highly effective in reducing both ozone and dry-NO3 concentrations during the OS. Overall, a 32% reduction in total annual anthropogenic NOx emissions from 1997 to 2005 has been accompanied by a 7-8 ppb, or 12-13% decline in OS dm8h O-3 concentration, and a 34% decline in dry-NO3 concentration in the 20-state NBP region. Model results indicate a 50% further reduction in NBP regulated NOx emissions will reduce O-3 concentrations an additional 3-5% and dry-NO3 concentrations by 13-16%. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Butler, Thomas J.; Vermeylen, Francoise M.] Cornell Univ, Stat Consulting Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Butler, Thomas J.; Likens, Gene E.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY USA. [Rury, Melissa; Lee, Brian; Bowker, George E.; McCluney, Lance] US EPA, Off Air & Radiat, Off Atmospher Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Butler, TJ (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Stat Consulting Unit, 211 Rice Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM TJB2@cornell.edu RI Pfister, Gabriele/A-9349-2008 FU USEPA Clean Air Markets Division; NOAA Air Resources Lab FX We would like to thank Joseph Sickles III (USEPA Office of Research and Development), Gary Lear (USEPA Clean Air Markets Division) and three anonymous reviewers for constructive criticism of the manuscript, and Thomas McMullen (USEPA Emission Factor And Inventory Group) for assistance in obtaining the NO emission data. We would also like to acknowledge the USEPA Clean Air Markets Division and the NOAA Air Resources Lab for sponsoring part of this study. NR 52 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 32 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 45 IS 5 BP 1084 EP 1094 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.11.040 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 725BF UT WOS:000287619500003 ER PT J AU Zheng, M Wang, F Hagler, GSW Hou, XM Bergin, M Cheng, YA Salmon, LG Schauer, JJ Louie, PKK Zeng, LM Zhang, YH AF Zheng, Mei Wang, Fu Hagler, G. S. W. Hou, Ximei Bergin, Michael Cheng, Yuan Salmon, L. G. Schauer, James J. Louie, Peter K. K. Zeng, Limin Zhang, Yuanhang TI Sources of excess urban carbonaceous aerosol in the Pearl River Delta Region, China SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Organic carbon; Source apportionment; Molecular markers; Chemical mass balance; The Pearl River Delta ID EXTRACTABLE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; HONG-KONG; PRD REGION; PM2.5; TRACERS; MATTER; PRIDE-PRD2004; QUALITY AB Carbonaceous aerosol is one of the important constituents of fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)) in southern China, including the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region and Hong Kong (HK). During the study period (October and December of 2002, and March and June of 2003), the monthly average organic carbon (OC) ranged from 3.52 to 7.87 mu g m(-3) in Hong Kong and 4.14-20.19 mu g m(-3) in the PRD from simultaneous measurements at three sites in HK and four sites in the PRO. Compared to the PRD, the spatial distribution of carbonaceous aerosol in Hong Kong was relatively homogeneous. Sources contributing to excess OC in the PRO were examined, which is the difference between OC concentrations measured at the PRD sites to the average level in Hong Kong. Eight primary sources contributing to excess OC were identified with chemical mass balance modeling in a combination with molecular markers analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Excess OC at Guangzhou, the capital city of Guangdong province, was consistently high, ranging from 9.77 to 13.6 mu g m(-3). Four primary sources including gasoline engine exhaust, diesel engine exhaust, biomass burning, and coal combustion accounted for more than 50% of excess OC in the PRD, especially in December (up to 76%). Mobile source emissions alone can contribute about 30% of excess OC. The unexplained or other excess OC was the highest at the rural site, but in general less than 20% at other sites. The coal combustion source contribution was unique in that it exhibited relatively homogeneous spatial distribution, indicating it was still an important source of carbonaceous aerosol in the PRO (17% of excess OC) during the study period. This analysis revealed that primary emissions are important sources of excess OC in the PRD and there is a need to reduce the emissions of mobile sources, biomass burning, and coal combustion in order to improve air quality in southern China. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zeng, Limin; Zhang, Yuanhang] Peking Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Zheng, Mei; Wang, Fu; Hou, Ximei; Bergin, Michael; Cheng, Yuan] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Hagler, G. S. W.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bergin, Michael] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Salmon, L. G.] CALTECH, Environm Qual Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Schauer, James J.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Louie, Peter K. K.] Environm Protect Dept, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Zhang, YH (reprint author), Peking Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. EM yhzhang@pku.edu.cn RI Zhang, Yuanhang/F-7038-2011; hui, wanghui/C-5671-2008; Cheng, Yuan/E-2508-2011; Zeng, Limin/D-3948-2013 OI Cheng, Yuan/0000-0002-2077-5335; FU Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities Trust; Castle Peak Power Co. Ltd.; Environmental Protection Department of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Shell Hong Kong Ltd., through Civic Exchange FX This research was sponsored by Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities Trust, Castle Peak Power Co. Ltd., the Environmental Protection Department of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Shell Hong Kong Ltd., through Civic Exchange. We thank Christine Loh, the founder of Civic Exchange, and C.S. Kiang for coordinating the project, Dr. Tao Wang of Hong Kong Polytechnic University for the project assistance throughout this study, and Tao Liu of the Guangzhou Environmental Monitoring Center, Jianjun Chen of the Conghua Environmental Monitoring Center, and Wendong Yang of the Zhongshan Environmental Monitoring Center for their assistance in sampling coordination. We thank two anonymous referees for their valuable comments and constructive suggestions to the manuscript. While one of the coauthors, G. Hagler, is currently identified as an U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) employee, the data were collected while she was a doctoral student at the Georgia Institute of Technology. This article has been subjected to the USEPA and HKEPD technical and administrative review process and approved for publication. The content of this paper does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of any governments, including USEPA, the Governments of Guangdong and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, nor does any mention of trade names or commercial products constitute an endorsement or recommendation of their use. NR 28 TC 22 Z9 27 U1 7 U2 73 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 45 IS 5 BP 1175 EP 1182 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.09.041 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 725BF UT WOS:000287619500014 ER PT J AU Beyer, BK Chernoff, N Danielsson, BR Davis-Bruno, K Harrouk, W Hood, RD Janer, G Liminga, UW Kim, JH Rocca, M Rogers, J Scialli, AR AF Beyer, Bruce K. Chernoff, Neil Danielsson, Bengt R. Davis-Bruno, Karen Harrouk, Wafa Hood, Ronald D. Janer, Gemma Liminga, Ulla Wandel Kim, James H. Rocca, Meredith Rogers, John Scialli, Anthony R. TI ILSI/HESI Maternal Toxicity Workshop Summary: Maternal Toxicity and Its Impact on Study Design and Data Interpretation SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART B-DEVELOPMENTAL AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE maternal-fetal interactions; mechanisms of teratogenesis; pharmaceuticals; safety assessment; developmental toxicity; maternal toxicity; prenatal; teratology ID ANTIARRHYTHMIC AGENT ALMOKALANT; EMBRYONIC CARDIAC-ARRHYTHMIA; UTEROPLACENTAL BLOOD-FLOW; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; FETAL DEVELOPMENT; RHYTHM ABNORMALITIES; INTRAUTERINE GROWTH; BLOCKING ACTIVITY; FOOD RESTRICTION; DIGITAL DEFECTS AB Workshops on maternal toxicity were held at the annual Society of Toxicology, Teratology Society, and European Teratology Society meetings in 2009. Speakers presented background information prior to a general discussion on this topic. The following recommendations/options are based on the outcome of the discussions at the workshops: 1. A comprehensive evaluation of all available data from general toxicity studies, range-finding Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology (DART) studies, class effects, structure-activity relationships, exposure studies, etc. is essential for appropriate dose selection for definitive DART studies. The intent is to avoid marked maternal toxicity leading to mortality or decreased body weight gains of greater than 20% for prolonged periods. (a) Evaluate alternative endpoints for dose selection and data interpretation (e.g., target tissue effects and pharmacology) for biotherapeutics. (b) Evaluate additional maternal parameters based on effects and/or target organs observed in short-term (e.g., 2- or 4-week) general toxicity studies. 2. Evaluate all available data to determine a cause-effect relationship for developmental toxicity. (a) Conduct a pair-feeding/pair-watering study as a follow-up. (b) Evaluate individual data demonstrating maternal toxicity in the mother with adverse embryo-fetal outcomes in the litter associated with the affected mother. (c) Conduct single-dose studies at increasing doses as a complement to conventional embryo-fetal toxicity studies for certain classes of compounds that affect the hERG channel. 3. Support statements that embryo-fetal effects are caused by maternal toxicity and/or exaggerated pharmacology, especially for malformations. (a) Provide mechanistic or other supporting data. (b) Establish the relevance of the DART findings in animals for human exposures. Birth Defects Res (Part B) 92:36-51, 2011. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Beyer, Bruce K.] Sanofi Aventis US Inc, Disposit Safety & Anim Res Preclin Safety, Dept Disposit Safety & Anim Res Preclin Safety, Bridgewater, NJ 08807 USA. [Chernoff, Neil; Rogers, John] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Danielsson, Bengt R.] Pharmanet Dev Grp, Consultancy Div, Stockholm, Sweden. [Danielsson, Bengt R.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Pharmaceut Biosci, Uppsala, Sweden. [Davis-Bruno, Karen; Harrouk, Wafa] US FDA, CDER OND, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Hood, Ronald D.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Hood, Ronald D.] Ronald D Hood & Associates, Toxicol Consultants, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Janer, Gemma] Palau Pharma SA, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Palau de Plegamans, Spain. [Liminga, Ulla Wandel] Med Prod Agcy, Sci & Regulatory Strategy, Uppsala, Sweden. [Kim, James H.] ILSI Hlth & Environm Sci Inst, Washington, DC USA. [Rocca, Meredith] Elan Pharmaceut, Dept Nonclin Safety Evaluat, San Francisco, CA USA. [Scialli, Anthony R.] Tetra Tech Sci, Washington, DC USA. RP Beyer, BK (reprint author), Sanofi Aventis US Inc, Disposit Safety & Anim Res Preclin Safety, Dept Disposit Safety & Anim Res Preclin Safety, Mail Stop JR2-103B,1041 Route 202-206,POB 6800, Bridgewater, NJ 08807 USA. EM bruce.beyer@sanofi-aventis.com FU Health and Environmental Sciences Institute (HESI) FX Grant sponsor: Health and Environmental Sciences Institute (HESI). NR 72 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1542-9733 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES B JI Birth Defects Res. Part B-Dev. Reprod. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 92 IS 1 BP 36 EP 51 DI 10.1002/bdrb.20281 PG 16 WC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 729XF UT WOS:000287986900004 PM 21312321 ER PT J AU Oliveira, T Santacroce, G Coleates, R Hale, S Zevin, P Belasco, B AF Oliveira, Tiago Santacroce, Gregory Coleates, Richard Hale, Stephen Zevin, Paula Belasco, Barbara TI Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls in water from US Lake Ontario tributaries between 2004 and 2008 SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Polychlorinated biphenyls; HRGC/HRMS; Lake Ontario; Tributaries ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; DETROIT RIVER; PCBS; SEDIMENT; MICHIGAN; EXCHANGE; CONTAMINATION; COLUMN; BIOTA AB Research on the environmental fate and transport of PCBs in Lake Ontario basin depends, among other aspects, on the availability of representative data sets for upstream sources, but data are lacking for most US Lake Ontario tributaries. In this study, water samples were collected between September 2004 and October 2008 from five tributaries and were analyzed for 209 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) with high-resolution gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS) following EPA Method 1668A. Total PCB concentrations ranged between 0.31 and 42.75 ng L(-1). Congeners between Di and Hexa PCBs accounted between 70 and 99% of the total PCB. The tributary with highest PCB concentrations presented similar pattern and percentage levels to Aroclor 1242. Total average loads for the sampling events ranged between 1.85 g d(-1) and 59.08 g d(-1). PCB concentrations were evaluated against other variables and other studies (including different matrices) to better understand their transport. The methodology used is reliable to assess PCB contamination in surface water. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Oliveira, Tiago; Santacroce, Gregory; Coleates, Richard; Hale, Stephen; Zevin, Paula] US EPA, Div Environm Sci & Assessment, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. [Belasco, Barbara] US EPA, Div Environm Planning & Protect, New York, NY 10007 USA. RP Oliveira, T (reprint author), US EPA, Div Environm Sci & Assessment, Reg 2,2890 Woodbridge Ave, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. EM Oliveira.Tiago@epa.gov RI S Oliveira, Tiago/M-7913-2014 OI S Oliveira, Tiago/0000-0002-0777-0484 NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 19 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD FEB PY 2011 VL 82 IS 9 BP 1314 EP 1320 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.12.012 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 724GD UT WOS:000287563200014 PM 21186045 ER PT J AU Sikdar, SK AF Sikdar, Subhas K. TI What about industrial water sustainability? SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Sikdar, SK (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W ML King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM sikdar.subhas@epa.gov NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD FEB PY 2011 VL 13 IS 1 BP 1 EP 1 DI 10.1007/s10098-010-0342-0 PG 1 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 709TJ UT WOS:000286464000001 ER PT J AU Ward, EJ Semmens, BX Phillips, DL Moore, JW Bouwes, N AF Ward, Eric J. Semmens, Brice X. Phillips, Donald L. Moore, Jonathan W. Bouwes, Nicolaas TI A quantitative approach to combine sources in stable isotope mixing models SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Bayesian analysis; diet; mixing model; source partitioning; stable isotope AB Stable isotope mixing models, used to estimate source contributions to a mixture, typically yield highly uncertain estimates when there are many sources and relatively few isotope elements. Previously, ecologists have either accepted the uncertain contribution estimates for individual sources or addressed the problem in an ad hoc way by combining either related sources prior to analysis or the estimated proportions of related sources following analysis. Neither of these latter approaches explicitly account for uncertainty in source combinations within the likelihood framework. In this paper we incorporate uncertainty in both the number of source groups and group assignment within a formal Bayesian mixing model framework. By dynamically exploring model complexity due to aggregating sources based on shared proportional contributions, we can estimate posterior probabilities of alternative group configurations, and construct posterior dendrograms of group membership. We apply this method to simulated data, and illustrate applications to two consumer datasets (rainbow trout, coastal mink). Our results demonstrate that estimating, rather than fixing, the number of proportional contributions in a mixing model can improve model inference and reduce bias in estimates of source contributions to a mixture. C1 [Ward, Eric J.; Semmens, Brice X.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. [Phillips, Donald L.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Moore, Jonathan W.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Bouwes, Nicolaas] Eco Log Res Inc, Providence, UT 84332 USA. RP Ward, EJ (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. EM eric.ward@noaa.gov FU Bonneville Power Administration FX We thank J. Yeakel for criticism that helped improve this manuscript. Nicholas Weber collected, processed, and compiled the ISEMP data used in this manuscript. E. J. Ward and B. X. Semmens contributed equally to this manuscript. Funding for ISEMP was provided by the Bonneville Power Administration. This document has been subjected to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's peer and administrative review, and it has been approved for publication as an EPA document. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 16 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 33 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD FEB PY 2011 VL 2 IS 2 AR UNSP 19 DI 10.1890/ES10-00190.1 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V30IS UT WOS:000208810300007 ER PT J AU Thomas, JM Ashbolt, NJ AF Thomas, Jacqueline M. Ashbolt, Nicholas J. TI Do Free-Living Amoebae in Treated Drinking Water Systems Present an Emerging Health Risk? SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID DOMESTIC TAP-WATER; INTRACELLULAR BACTERIAL PATHOGENS; CONTACT-LENS WEARERS; LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA; ACANTHAMOEBA-CASTELLANII; MYCOBACTERIUM-AVIUM; RESISTING BACTERIA; OPPORTUNISTIC PATHOGENS; SIMKANIA-NEGEVENSIS; NAEGLERIA-FOWLERI AB There is an expanding body of evidence that free-living amoebae (FLA) increase both the numbers and virulence of water-based, human-pathogenic, amoeba-resisting microorganisms (ARM). Legionella spp., Mycobacterium spp., and other opportunistic human pathogens are known to be both ARM and also the etiologic agents of potentially fatal human lung infections. However, comparatively little is known about the FLA that may facilitate ARM growth in drinking water. This review examines the available literature on FLA in treated drinking water systems; in total 26 studies from 18 different countries. FLA were reported to breakthrough the water treatment barrier and enter distribution systems, in addition to the expected post-treatment system ingress. Once in the distribution system there is evidence of FLA colonization and regrowth especially in reservoirs and in-premise plumbing storage tanks. At the point of use the average FLA detection rate was 45% but highly variable (n = 16, sigma = 31) due to both differences in both assay methods and the type of water systems examined. This review reveals that FLA are consistently detected in treated drinking water systems around the world and present a yet unquantified emerging health risk. However, more research is urgently required before accurate risks assessments can be undertaken to assess the impacts on human health, in households and institutions, due to exposure to FLA facilitated pathogenic ARM. C1 [Thomas, Jacqueline M.; Ashbolt, Nicholas J.] Univ New S Wales, Water Res Ctr, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Ashbolt, Nicholas J.] US EPA, Natl Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Thomas, JM (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Water Res Ctr, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. EM j.thomas@student.unsw.edu.au FU American Australian Association; Sydney Water FX We acknowledge the American Australian Association for their support, via a Research Fellowship and Sydney Water for financial support, both to the primary author. Views expressed are not necessarily those of the U.S. EPA. NR 117 TC 64 Z9 67 U1 4 U2 52 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 1 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 3 BP 860 EP 869 DI 10.1021/es102876y PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 711HG UT WOS:000286577100005 PM 21194220 ER PT J AU Sanchez, BC Ralston-Hooper, K Sepulveda, MS AF Sanchez, Brian C. Ralston-Hooper, Kimberly Sepulveda, Maria S. TI REVIEW OF RECENT PROTEOMIC APPLICATIONS IN AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Meeting of SETAC-North -America CY NOV 19-23, 2009 CL New Orleans, LA SP SETAC N Amer DE Proteomics; Aquatic toxicology; Fish; Aquatic invertebrates ID MUSSEL MYTILUS-EDULIS; PROTEIN EXPRESSION SIGNATURES; OXIDATIVE-STRESS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTROPHORESIS; BIOMARKER DISCOVERY; MICROCYSTIN-LR; SELDI-TOF; RUDITAPES-DECUSSATUS; CADMIUM TOXICITY AB Over the last decade, the environmental sciences have witnessed an incredible movement towards the utilization of high-throughput molecular tools that are capable of detecting simultaneous changes of hundreds, and even thousands, of molecules and molecular components after exposure of organisms to different environmental stressors. These techniques have received a great deal of attention because they not only offer the potential to unravel novel mechanisms of physiological and toxic action but are also amenable to the discovery of biomarkers of exposure and effects. In this article, we review the state of knowledge of one of these tools in ecotoxicological research: proteomics. We summarize the state of proteomics research in fish, and follow with studies conducted with aquatic invertebrates. A brief discussion on proteomic methods is also presented. We conclude with some ideas for future proteomic studies with fish and aquatic invertebrates. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:274-282. (C) 2010 SETAC C1 [Sepulveda, Maria S.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Sanchez, Brian C.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Lakewood, CO USA. [Ralston-Hooper, Kimberly] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA USA. RP Sepulveda, MS (reprint author), Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM mssepulv@purdue.edu RI Sepulveda, Maria/P-3598-2014 NR 79 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 6 U2 46 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 30 IS 2 BP 274 EP 282 DI 10.1002/etc.402 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 710DB UT WOS:000286490000003 PM 21072841 ER PT J AU Balboni, G Salvadori, S Marczak, ED Knapp, BI Bidlack, JM Lazarus, LH Peng, XM Si, YG Neumeyer, JL AF Balboni, Gianfranco Salvadori, Severo Marczak, Ewa D. Knapp, Brian I. Bidlack, Jean M. Lazarus, Lawrence H. Peng, Xuemei Si, Yu Gui Neumeyer, John L. TI Opioid bifunctional ligands from morphine and the opioid pharmacophore Dmt-Tic SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Bifunctional ligands; Dmt-Tic pharmacophore; Opioid receptors ID DESIGNED MULTIPLE LIGAND; BIVALENT LIGANDS; INVERSE AGONISM; RECEPTORS; ANTAGONIST; ANALOGS; NALTRINDOLE; EVOLUTION; BINDING AB Bifunctional ligands containing an ester linkage between morphine and the delta-selective pharmacophore Dmt-Tic were synthesized, and their binding affinity and functional bioactivity at the mu, delta and kappa opioid receptors determined. Bifunctional ligands containing or not a spacer of beta-alanine between the two pharmacophores lose the mu agonism deriving from morphine becoming partial p agonists mu or mu antagonists 5. Partial kappa agonism is evidenced only for compound 4. Finally, both compounds showed potent delta antagonism. (C) 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Balboni, Gianfranco] Univ Cagliari, Dept Toxicol, I-09124 Cagliari, Italy. [Salvadori, Severo] Univ Ferrara, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. [Salvadori, Severo] Univ Ferrara, Ctr Biotechnol, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. [Knapp, Brian I.; Bidlack, Jean M.] Univ Rochester, Dept Pharmacol & Physiol, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Marczak, Ewa D.; Lazarus, Lawrence H.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Med Chem Grp, Lab Toxicol & Pharmacol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Peng, Xuemei; Si, Yu Gui; Neumeyer, John L.] Harvard Univ, McLean Hosp, Sch Med, Alcohol & Drug Abuse Res Ctr, Belmont, MA 02478 USA. RP Balboni, G (reprint author), Univ Cagliari, Dept Toxicol, Via Osped 72, I-09124 Cagliari, Italy. EM gbalboni@unica.it; jneumeyer@mclean.harvard.edu OI SALVADORI, Severo/0000-0002-8224-2358 FU NIH [RO1-DA14251, K05-DA 00360]; University of Cagliari; University of Ferrara; NIEHS FX This work was supported in part by NIH Grants RO1-DA14251 (to J.L.N.), K05-DA 00360 (to J.M.B.), University of Cagliari (to G.B.), University of Ferrara (to S.S.), and the Intramural Research Program of the NIH and NIEHS (to L.H.L.). NR 27 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0223-5234 J9 EUR J MED CHEM JI Eur. J. Med. Chem. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 46 IS 2 BP 799 EP 803 DI 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.12.001 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 725AL UT WOS:000287617500036 PM 21216504 ER PT J AU Deng, YM Edin, ML Theken, KN Schuck, RN Flake, GP Kannon, MA DeGraff, LM Lih, FB Foley, J Bradbury, JA Graves, JP Tomer, KB Falck, JR Zeldin, DC Lee, CR AF Deng, Yangmei Edin, Matthew L. Theken, Katherine N. Schuck, Robert N. Flake, Gordon P. Kannon, M. Alison DeGraff, Laura M. Lih, Fred B. Foley, Julie Bradbury, J. Alyce Graves, Joan P. Tomer, Kenneth B. Falck, John R. Zeldin, Darryl C. Lee, Craig R. TI Endothelial CYP epoxygenase overexpression and soluble epoxide hydrolase disruption attenuate acute vascular inflammatory responses in mice SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE CYP2J2; CYP2C8; EPHX2; EETs; eicosanoids; inflammation ID NF-KAPPA-B; ACUTE LUNG INJURY; ACUTE PSEUDOMONAS PNEUMONIA; BLOOD-PRESSURE REGULATION; ARACHIDONIC-ACID; CYTOCHROME-P450 EPOXYGENASES; CORONARY-ARTERIES; EPOXYEICOSATRIENOIC ACIDS; THERAPEUTIC TARGET; MOLECULAR-CLONING AB Cytochrome P-450 (CYP)-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) possess potent anti-inflammatory effects in vitro. However, the effect of increased CYP-mediated EET biosynthesis and decreased soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH, Ephx2)-mediated EET hydrolysis on vascular inflammation in vivo has not been rigorously investigated. Consequently, we characterized acute vascular inflammatory responses to endotoxin in transgenic mice with endothelial expression of the human CYP2J2 and CYP2C8 epoxygenases and mice with targeted disruption of Ephx2. Compared to wild-type controls, CYP2J2 transgenic, CYP2C8 transgenic, and Ephx2(-/-) mice each exhibited a significant attenuation of endotoxin-induced activation of nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B signaling, cellular adhesion molecule, chemokine and cytokine expression, and neutrophil infiltration in lung in vivo. Furthermore, attenuation of endotoxin-induced NF-kappa B activation and cellular adhesion molecule and chemokine expression was observed in primary pulmonary endothelial cells isolated from CYP2J2 and CYP2C8 transgenic mice. This attenuation was inhibited by a putative EET receptor antagonist and CYP epoxygenase inhibitor, directly implicating CYP epoxygenase-derived EETs with the observed anti-inflammatory phenotype. Collectively, these data demonstrate that potentiation of the CYP epoxygenase pathway by either increased endothelial EET biosynthesis or globally decreased EET hydrolysis attenuates NF-kappa B-dependent vascular inflammatory responses in vivo and may serve as a viable anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategy.-Deng, Y., Edin, M. L., Theken, K. N., Schuck, R. N., Flake, G. P., Kannon, M. A., DeGraff, L. M., Lih, F. B., Foley, J., Bradbury, J. A., Graves, J. P., Tomer, K. B., Falck, J. R., Zeldin, D. C., Lee, C. R. Endothelial CYP epoxygenase overexpression and soluble epoxide hydrolase disruption attenuate acute vascular inflammatory responses in mice. FASEB J. 25, 703-713 (2011). www.fasebj.org C1 [Deng, Yangmei; Theken, Katherine N.; Schuck, Robert N.; Kannon, M. Alison; Lee, Craig R.] UNC, Eshelman Sch Pharm, Div Pharmacotherapy & Expt Therapeut, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Edin, Matthew L.; Flake, Gordon P.; DeGraff, Laura M.; Lih, Fred B.; Foley, Julie; Bradbury, J. Alyce; Graves, Joan P.; Tomer, Kenneth B.; Zeldin, Darryl C.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Inst Hlth, Div Intramural Res, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Falck, John R.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Biochem, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. RP Lee, CR (reprint author), UNC, Eshelman Sch Pharm, Div Pharmacotherapy & Expt Therapeut, CB 7569,Kerr Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM craig_lee@unc.edu RI Theken, Katherine/H-1098-2012; Tomer, Kenneth/E-8018-2013; OI Falck, John/0000-0002-9219-7845; Edin, Matthew/0000-0002-7042-500X; Lee, Craig/0000-0003-3595-5301 FU American Foundation for Pharmaceutical Education; NIH [GM31278, GM088199, P30 DK34987]; Robert A. Welch Foundation; NIH, NIEHS [Z01 ES050167, Z01 ES025034]; American Heart Association FX This publication was made possible by a predoctoral fellowship from the American Foundation for Pharmaceutical Education to K.N.T., NIH grant GM31278 and support from the Robert A. Welch Foundation to J.R.F., funds from the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, NIEHS, to K. B. T. (Z01 ES050167) and D.C.Z. (Z01 ES025034), a Beginning Grant-in-Aid from the American Heart Association and NIH grant GM088199 to C. R. L., and NIH grant P30 DK34987. The contents of this article are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIEHS, National Institute of General Medical Sciences, or NIH. D. C. Z. is a coinventor on U.S. Patent No. 6,531,506 B1 (issued March 11, 2003), Inhibition of Epoxide Hydrolases for the Treatment of Hypertension, and on U. S. Patent No. 6,916,843 B1 (issued July 12, 2005), Anti-inflammatory Actions of Cytochrome P450 Epoxygenase-Derived Eicosanoids. No other authors declare conflicts of interest. NR 52 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 3 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 25 IS 2 BP 703 EP 713 DI 10.1096/fj.10-171488 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 713GZ UT WOS:000286724800028 PM 21059750 ER PT J AU Nayak, AP Green, BJ Janotka, E Blachere, FM Vesper, SJ Beezhold, DH Schmechel, D AF Nayak, Ajay P. Green, Brett J. Janotka, Erika Blachere, Francoise M. Vesper, Stephen J. Beezhold, Donald H. Schmechel, Detlef TI Production and Characterization of IgM Monoclonal Antibodies Against Hyphal Antigens of Stachybotrys Species SO HYBRIDOMA LA English DT Article ID MACROCYCLIC TRICHOTHECENE MYCOTOXINS; WATER-DAMAGED BUILDINGS; ASPERGILLUS-VERSICOLOR; PULMONARY HEMORRHAGE; CHARTARUM STRAINS; STACHYRASE-A; INDOOR MOLD; STACHYHEMOLYSIN; STACHYLYSIN; HEMOLYSIN AB Stachybotrys is a hydrophilic fungal genus that is well known for its ability to colonize water-damaged building materials in indoor environments. Personal exposure to Stachybotrys chartarum allergens, mycotoxins, cytolytic peptides, and other immunostimulatory macromolecules has been proposed to exacerbate respiratory morbidity. To date, advances in Stachybotrys detection have focused on the identification of unique biomarkers that can be detected in human serum; however, the availability of immunodiagnostic reagents to Stachybotrys species have been limited. In this study, we report the initial characterization of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against a semi-purified cytolytic S. chlorohalonata preparation (cScp) derived from hyphae. BALB/c mice were immunized with cScp and hybridomas were screened against the cScp using an antigen-mediated indirect ELISA. Eight immunoglobulin M MAbs were produced and four were specifically identified in the capture ELISA to react with the cScp. Cross-reactivity of the MAbs was tested against crude hyphal extracts derived from 15 Stachybotrys isolates representing nine Stachybotrys species as well as 39 other environmentally abundant fungi using a capture ELISA. MAb reactivity to spore and hyphal antigens was also tested by a capture ELISA and by fluorescent halogen immunoassay (fHIA). ELISA analysis demonstrated that all MAbs strongly reacted with extracts of S. chartarum but not with extracts of 39 other fungi. However, four MAbs showed cross-reactivity to the phylogenetically related genus Memnoniella. fHIA analysis confirmed that greatest MAb reactivity was ultrastructurally localized in hyphae and phialides. The results of this study further demonstrate the feasibility of specific MAb-based immunoassays for the detection of S. chartarum. C1 [Nayak, Ajay P.; Green, Brett J.; Janotka, Erika; Blachere, Francoise M.; Beezhold, Donald H.; Schmechel, Detlef] NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Nayak, Ajay P.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Cell Biol, Sch Med, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Vesper, Stephen J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Beezhold, DH (reprint author), NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,M-S L-4020, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM zec1@cdc.gov FU InterAgency agreement with the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Y1-ES0001-06] FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. This work was supported in part by an InterAgency agreement with the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Y1-ES0001-06). NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1554-0014 J9 HYBRIDOMA JI Hybridoma PD FEB PY 2011 VL 30 IS 1 BP 29 EP 36 DI 10.1089/hyb.2010.0071 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA 726NF UT WOS:000287728900004 PM 21466283 ER PT J AU Shannahan, J Schladweiler, M Padilla-Carlin, D Nyska, A Richards, J Ghio, A Gavett, S Kodavanti, U AF Shannahan, Jonathan Schladweiler, Mette Padilla-Carlin, Danielle Nyska, Abraham Richards, Judy Ghio, Andrew Gavett, Stephen Kodavanti, Urmila TI The role of cardiovascular disease-associated iron overload in Libby amphibole-induced acute pulmonary injury and inflammation SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Libby Amphibole; Iron; Inflammation ID INDUCED LUNG INJURY; ASBESTOS EXPOSURE; HEME OXYGENASE-1; GENE-EXPRESSION; INTRATRACHEAL INSTILLATION; FERRUGINOUS BODIES; MESOTHELIAL CELLS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; RAT; MONTANA AB Pulmonary toxicity induced by asbestos is thought to be mediated through redox-cycling of fiber-bound and bioavailable iron (Fe). We hypothesized that Libby amphibole (LA)-induced cute lung injury will be exacerbated in rat models of cardiovascular disease (CVD)-associated Fe-overload and oxidative stress. Healthy male Wistar Kyoto (WKY), spontaneously hypertensive (SH) and SH heart failure (SHHF) rats were intratracheally instilled with 0.0, 0.25 or 1.0 mg/rat LA and examined at 1 day, 1 week or 1 month. Although histologically it was not possible to distinguish severity differences between strains in LA-induced initial inflammation and later fibrosis, quantitative assessment of biomarkers showed strain-related differences. LA-induced neutrophilic inflammation was reversible in WKY but persisted more in SH and SHHF. Lung MIP-2 mRNA increased only in WKY at 1 day in response to LA but not in SH and SHHF. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) protein increased in SH but not WKY at 1 week and 1 month, while.-glutamyltransferase and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activities increased in all strains (WKY > SH=SHHF). BALF ferritin levels were high at baseline and increased following LA exposure only in SH and SHHF. Ferritin heavy chain mRNA increased only in SHHF at 1 day. At 1 month ferritin light chain mRNA declined from already high baseline levels in SHHF but increased in WKY and SH suggesting its differential involvement in LA-induced injury in Fe-overload. Unlike WKY, both SHHF and SH failed to increase the lung lining antioxidant, ascorbate, in response to LA. We conclude that underlying CVD-associated Fe-overload is likely linked to persistent lung injury, inflammation and antioxidant decompensation following LA exposure in rats. C1 [Schladweiler, Mette; Gavett, Stephen; Kodavanti, Urmila] US EPA, Cardiopulm & Immunotoxicol Branch, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Shannahan, Jonathan; Padilla-Carlin, Danielle] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Nyska, Abraham] Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Sch Med, Timrat, Israel. [Richards, Judy] US EPA, Analyt Chem Core Unit, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ghio, Andrew] US EPA, Clin Res Branch, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kodavanti, U (reprint author), US EPA, Cardiopulm & Immunotoxicol Branch, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, MD B143-01,CIB EPHD NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. FU EPA/UNC [CR833237]; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill FX This work was supported by EPA/UNC Toxicology Research Program, Training Agreement CR833237, with the Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. NR 45 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 23 IS 3 BP 129 EP 141 DI 10.3109/08958378.2011.551850 PG 13 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 732VA UT WOS:000288216600002 PM 21391781 ER PT J AU Chen, F Kusaka, H Bornstein, R Ching, J Grimmond, CSB Grossman-Clarke, S Loridan, T Manning, KW Martilli, A Miao, SG Sailor, D Salamanca, FP Taha, H Tewari, M Wang, XM Wyszogrodzki, AA Zhang, CL AF Chen, Fei Kusaka, Hiroyuki Bornstein, Robert Ching, Jason Grimmond, C. S. B. Grossman-Clarke, Susanne Loridan, Thomas Manning, Kevin W. Martilli, Alberto Miao, Shiguang Sailor, David Salamanca, Francisco P. Taha, Haider Tewari, Mukul Wang, Xuemei Wyszogrodzki, Andrzej A. Zhang, Chaolin TI The integrated WRF/urban modelling system: development, evaluation, and applications to urban environmental problems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Urban Climate (ICUC-7) CY JUN 29-JUL 03, 2009 CL Yokohama, JAPAN SP Int Assoc Urban Climate (IAUC) DE urban modelling; mesoscale modelling; urban environmental issues; WRF urban model ID PEARL RIVER DELTA; MESOSCALE METEOROLOGICAL MODEL; DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM; SINGLE-LAYER; HEAT-ISLAND; CANOPY MODEL; ETA-MODEL; PART I; PARAMETERIZATION; SIMULATION AB To bridge the gaps between traditional mesoscale modelling and microscale modelling, the National Center for Atmospheric Research, in collaboration with other agencies and research groups, has developed an integrated urban modelling system coupled to the weather research and forecasting (WRF) model as a community tool to address urban environmental issues. The core of this WRF/urban modelling system consists of the following: (1) three methods with different degrees of freedom to parameterize urban surface processes, ranging from a simple bulk parameterization to a sophisticated multi-layer urban canopy model with an indoor-outdoor exchange sub-model that directly interacts with the atmospheric boundary layer, (2) coupling to fine-scale computational fluid dynamic Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes and Large-Eddy simulation models for transport and dispersion (T&D) applications, (3) procedures to incorporate high-resolution urban land use, building morphology, and anthropogenic heating data using the National Urban Database and Access Portal Tool (NUDAPT), and (4) an urbanized high-resolution land data assimilation system. This paper provides an overview of this modelling system; addresses the daunting challenges of initializing the coupled WRF/urban model and of specifying the potentially vast number of parameters required to execute the WRF/urban model; explores the model sensitivity to these urban parameters; and evaluates the ability of WRF/urban to capture urban heat islands, complex boundary-layer structures aloft, and urban plume T&D for several major metropolitan regions. Recent applications of this modelling system illustrate its promising utility, as a regional climate-modelling tool, to investigate impacts of future urbanization on regional meteorological conditions and on air quality under future climate change scenarios. Copyright. (C) 2010 Royal Meteorological Society C1 [Chen, Fei; Manning, Kevin W.; Tewari, Mukul; Wyszogrodzki, Andrzej A.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Kusaka, Hiroyuki] Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Bornstein, Robert] San Jose State Univ, Dept Meteorol, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. [Ching, Jason] US EPA, ORD, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Grimmond, C. S. B.; Loridan, Thomas] Kings Coll London, Dept Geog, London WC2R 2LS, England. [Grossman-Clarke, Susanne] Arizona State Univ, Global Inst Sustainabil, Tempe, AZ USA. [Martilli, Alberto; Salamanca, Francisco P.] Ctr Res Energy Environm & Technol, Madrid, Spain. [Miao, Shiguang; Zhang, Chaolin] China Meteorol Adm, Inst Urban Meteorol, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Sailor, David] Portland State Univ, Mech & Mat Engn Dept, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Taha, Haider] Altostratus Inc, Martinez, CA USA. [Wang, Xuemei] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Chaolin] Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Dept Earth Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Chen, F (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res RAL, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM feichen@ucar.edu RI Grimmond, Sue/A-2179-2009; Chen, Fei/B-1747-2009; Wang, Xuemei/B-4521-2012; Sailor, David/E-6308-2014; Wyszogrodzki, Andrzej/M-1772-2014; Salamanca Palou, Francisco/M-5406-2014; Martilli, Alberto/H-5426-2015 OI Grimmond, Sue/0000-0002-3166-9415; Sailor, David/0000-0003-1720-8214; Salamanca Palou, Francisco/0000-0002-4115-7368; Martilli, Alberto/0000-0002-7795-5871 NR 66 TC 210 Z9 230 U1 30 U2 161 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0899-8418 J9 INT J CLIMATOL JI Int. J. Climatol. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 31 IS 2 SI SI BP 273 EP 288 DI 10.1002/joc.2158 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 718XV UT WOS:000287160700009 ER PT J AU Basselin, M Ramadan, E Igarashi, M Chang, LS Chen, M Kraft, AD Harry, GJ Rapoport, SI AF Basselin, Mireille Ramadan, Epolia Igarashi, Miki Chang, Lisa Chen, Mei Kraft, Andrew D. Harry, G. Jean Rapoport, Stanley I. TI Imaging upregulated brain arachidonic acid metabolism in HIV-1 transgenic rats (Retracted article. See vol.35, pg. 1386, 2015) SO JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article; Retracted Publication DE arachidonic acid; brain imaging; eicosanoids; HIV-1; phospholipase A(2) ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; PHOSPHOLIPASE A(2); ADMINISTRATION INCREASES; FRONTAL-CORTEX; NEUROINFLAMMATION; DISEASE; CYCLOOXYGENASE-2; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION; INHIBITOR AB Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated infection involves the entry of virus-bearing monocytes into the brain, followed by microglial activation, neuroinflammation, and upregulated arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism. The HIV-1 transgenic (Tg) rat, a noninfectious HIV-1 model, shows neurologic and behavioral abnormalities after 5 months of age. We hypothesized that brain AA metabolism would be elevated in older HIV-1 Tg rats in vivo. Arachidonic acid incorporation from the plasma into the brain of unanesthetized 7-to-9-month-old rats was imaged using quantitative autoradiography, after [1-C-14] AA infusion. Brain phospholipase (PLA(2)) activities and eicosanoid concentrations were measured, and enzymes were localized by immunostaining. AA incorporation coefficients k* and rates J(in), measures of AA metabolism, were significantly higher in 69 of 81 brain regions in HIV-1 Tg than in control rats, as were activities of cytosolic (c) PLA(2)-IV, secretory (s)PLA(2), and calcium independent (i) PLA(2)-VI, as well as prostaglandin E-2 and leukotriene B-4 concentrations. Immunostaining of somatosensory cortex showed elevated cPLA(2)-IV, sPLA(2)-IIA, and cyclooxygenase-2 in neurons. Brain AA incorporation and other markers of AA metabolism are upregulated in HIV-1 Tg rats, in which neurologic changes and neuroinflammation have been reported. Positron emission tomography with [1-C-11] AA could be used to test whether brain AA metabolism is upregulated in HIV-1-infected patients, in relation to cognitive and behavioral disturbances. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism (2011) 31, 486-493; doi: 10.1038/jcbfm.2010.111; published online 28 July 2010 C1 [Basselin, Mireille; Ramadan, Epolia; Igarashi, Miki; Chang, Lisa; Chen, Mei; Rapoport, Stanley I.] NIA, Brain Physiol & Metab Sect, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Kraft, Andrew D.; Harry, G. Jean] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Toxicol & Pharmacol, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Ramadan, E (reprint author), NIA, Brain Physiol & Metab Sect, NIH, Bldg 9,Room 1S126, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM ramadanir@mail.nih.gov FU National Institute on Aging; National Institute of Environmental Health Science, NIH FX The research was supported by the Intramural Research Programs of the National Institute on Aging and the National Institute of Environmental Health Science, NIH. NR 39 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 8 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0271-678X EI 1559-7016 J9 J CEREBR BLOOD F MET JI J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 31 IS 2 BP 486 EP 493 DI 10.1038/jcbfm.2010.111 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 715XY UT WOS:000286930100011 PM 20664612 ER PT J AU Davis, MF Kamel, F Hoppin, JA Alavanja, MCR Freeman, LB Gray, GC Nelson, K Silbergeld, E AF Davis, Meghan F. Kamel, Freya Hoppin, Jane A. Alavanja, Michael C. R. Freeman, Laura Beane Gray, Gregory C. Nelson, Kenrad Silbergeld, Ellen TI Neurologic Symptoms Associated With Raising Poultry and Swine Among Participants in the Agricultural Health Study SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; PESTICIDE APPLICATORS; FEEDING OPERATION; PREVALENCE; INFECTION; ANTIBODIES; SPP.; PIGS; GASTROENTERITIS AB Objective: Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) is the leading cause of acute peripheral neuropathy worldwide, often associated with recent foodborne infection with Campylobacter jejuni. In this cross-sectional analysis of data from the Agricultural Health Study, we tested whether swine and poultry exposure were associated with increased prevalence of GBS-like neurologic symptoms. Methods: Using multivariate analysis, we tested the symptoms such as numbness and weakness, relevant to inflammatory peripheral neuropathies, among farmers with self-reported occupational poultry or swine exposure compared with farmers who reported no occupational animal exposure. Results: Among swine farmers/workers, prevalence of weakness and numbness were increased (P < 0.05). Among poultry farmers/workers, prevalence of weakness and numbness were increased, but increased prevalence of weakness was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Occupational contact with live poultry or swine, potentially related to C. jejuni exposure, was associated with increased reporting of GBS-like symptoms. C1 [Davis, Meghan F.; Silbergeld, Ellen] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Nelson, Kenrad] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Kamel, Freya; Hoppin, Jane A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Alavanja, Michael C. R.; Freeman, Laura Beane] NCI, Rockville, MD USA. [Gray, Gregory C.] Univ Florida, Dept Environm & Global Hlth, Coll Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Davis, MF (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM mdavis@jhsph.edu RI Davis, Meghan/C-1494-2013; Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015; OI Davis, Meghan/0000-0002-3475-4578; Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124; Kamel, Freya/0000-0001-5052-6615 FU National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01-ES049030-11]; National Cancer Institute [Z01-CP010119]; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health FX The authors thank Dr Guy McKhann for his invaluable assistance. This work was supported in part by the intramural research program of the National Institutes of Health, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01-ES049030-11), and the National Cancer Institute (Z01-CP010119). Meghan Davis is supported by a Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Sommer scholarship. Each author declares that he or she has no actual or potential competing financial interest. NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 53 IS 2 BP 190 EP 195 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31820805d5 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 718OF UT WOS:000287133100014 PM 21270654 ER PT J AU Garcia, JH Heberling, MT Thurston, HW AF Garcia, Jorge H. Heberling, Matthew T. Thurston, Hale W. TI Optimal Pollution Trading Without Pollution Reductions: A Note SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE water quality trading; flow pollution; wetlands; trading ratio ID WATER-QUALITY; WETLANDS; BASIN; HABITAT AB Various kinds of water pollution occur in pulses (e.g., agricultural and urban runoff). Ecosystems, such as wetlands, can serve to regulate these pulses and smooth pollution distributions over time. This smoothing reduces total environmental damages when "instantaneous" damages are marginally increasing. This paper introduces a water quality trading model between a farm (a pulse-pollution source) and a firm (a more steady pollution source) where the object of exchange is the "temporary" retention of runoff as opposed to total runoff reductions. The optimal trading ratio requires firm emissions to be offset by more than a proportional retention of the initial agricultural runoff pulse. The reason is twofold: (1) emissions are steady or constant over time and, in this sense, have relatively larger environmental impact; and (2) certain kinds of runoff management cause delayed environmental damages. C1 [Garcia, Jorge H.] Pontificia Univ Javeriana, Dept Econ, Bogota, Colombia. [Heberling, Matthew T.; Thurston, Hale W.] US EPA, NRMRL, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Garcia, JH (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Javeriana, Dept Econ, Edificio Gabriel Giraldo SJ,Calle 40 6-23 P7, Bogota, Colombia. EM jgarcia-l@javeriana.edu.co OI Heberling, Matthew/0000-0003-1120-612X FU National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council FX We are grateful to Carlos Chavez for insightful comments on an earlier version. We would also like to thank Jake Beaulieu and Charles Lane for useful discussion on wetlands and three anonymous reviewers. Jorge H. Garcia would like to acknowledge that part of this research was conducted under a postdoctoral research associateship provided by the National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council. The views expressed herein are strictly the opinion of the authors and in no manner represent current or planned policy by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 47 IS 1 BP 52 EP 58 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00476.x PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 711ZA UT WOS:000286629700006 ER PT J AU Morris, J Willis, J De Martinis, D Hansen, B Laursen, H Sintes, JR Kearns, P Gonzalez, M AF Morris, Jeff Willis, Jim De Martinis, Domenico Hansen, Bjorn Laursen, Henrik Sintes, Juan Riego Kearns, Peter Gonzalez, Mar TI Science policy considerations for responsible nanotechnology decisions SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB There is a growing literature on the use of science to inform decisions on the environmental, health and safety implications of nanotechnology, but little has been published by those who make such decisions. Here, as officials of the US Environmental Protection Agency, the European Commission and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, we discuss the types of decision facing government regulators, the new considerations nanotechnology brings to decision-making, the role of science in informing decisions, how regulators cooperate internationally on policy issues, and the challenges that lie ahead. C1 [Morris, Jeff] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Willis, Jim; De Martinis, Domenico; Hansen, Bjorn; Laursen, Henrik] European Commiss, Environm DG, B-1049 Brussels, Belgium. [Sintes, Juan Riego] European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Hlth & Consumer Protect, I-21027 Ispra, Varese, Italy. [Kearns, Peter; Gonzalez, Mar] Org Econ Cooperat & Dev, Environm Directorate, F-75775 Paris 16, France. RP Morris, J (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM morris.jeff@epamail.epa.gov RI DE MARTINIS, DOMENICO/G-2311-2015; OI DE MARTINIS, DOMENICO/0000-0002-7194-0564; Kearns, Peter/0000-0001-7967-0274 NR 12 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 17 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1748-3387 J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL JI Nat. Nanotechnol. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 6 IS 2 BP 73 EP 77 DI 10.1038/nnano.2010.191 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 716KW UT WOS:000286968500001 PM 21151111 ER PT J AU Liu, YX Lo, YC Qian, L Crews, FT Wilson, B Chen, HL Wu, HM Chen, SH Wei, K Lu, RB Ali, S Hong, JS AF Liu, Yuxin Lo, Yi-Ching Qian, Li Crews, Fulton Tim Wilson, Belinda Chen, Hui-Ling Wu, Hung-Ming Chen, Shih-Heng Wei, Ke Lu, Ru-Band Ali, Syed Hong, Jau-Shyong TI Verapamil protects dopaminergic neuron damage through a novel anti-inflammatory mechanism by inhibition of microglial activation SO NEUROPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Calcium channel blocker; Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation ID CALCIUM-CHANNEL BLOCKERS; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-INDUCED NEUROTOXICITY; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; SUPEROXIDE GENERATION; RACEMIC VERAPAMIL; CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA; HUMAN-NEUTROPHILS; NEUROPROTECTION; EXPRESSION; ANTAGONISTS AB Verapamil has been shown to be neuroprotective in several acute neurotoxicity models due to blockade of calcium entry into neurons. However, the potential use of veraparnil to treat chronic neurodegenerative diseases has not been reported. Using rat primary mesencephalic neuron/glia cultures, we report that verapamil significantly inhibited LPS-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity in both pre- and post-treatment experiments. Reconstituted culture studies revealed that the presence of microglia was essential in verapamil-elicited neuroprotection. Mechanistic studies showed that decreased production of inflammatory mediators from LPS-stimulated microglia underlay neuroprotective property of verapamil. Further studies demonstrated that microglial NADPH oxidase (PHOX), the key superoxide-producing enzyme, but not calcium channel in neurons, is the site of action for the neuroprotective effect of verapamil. This conclusion was supported by the following two observations: 1) Verapamil failed to show protective effect on LPS-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity in PHOX-deficient (deficient in the catalytic subunit of gp91(phox)) neuron/glia cultures: 2) Ligand binding studies showed that the binding of [H-3]Verapamil onto gp91(phox) transfected COS7 cell membranes was higher than the non-transfected control. The calcium channel-independent neuroprotective property of verapamil was further supported by the finding that R(+)-verapamil, a less active form in blocking calcium channel, showed the same potency in neuroprotection, inhibition of pro-inflammatory factors production and binding capacity to gp91(phox) membranes as R(-)-verapamil, the active isomer of calcium channel blocker. In conclusion, our results demonstrate a new indication of verapamil-mediated neuroprotection through a calcium channel-independent pathway and provide a valuable avenue for the development of therapy for inflammation-related neurodegenerative diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Liu, Yuxin; Lo, Yi-Ching; Qian, Li; Wilson, Belinda; Chen, Hui-Ling; Wu, Hung-Ming; Chen, Shih-Heng; Wei, Ke; Hong, Jau-Shyong] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Neuropharmacol Sect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Lo, Yi-Ching] Kaohsiung Med Univ, Dept Pharmacol, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. [Crews, Fulton Tim] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Bowles Ctr Alcohol Studies, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Liu, Yuxin] Hebei Univ, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Lab Cell Pharmacol, Baoding, Peoples R China. [Chen, Hui-Ling; Wu, Hung-Ming; Chen, Shih-Heng; Lu, Ru-Band] Natl Cheng Kung Univ & Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Tainan, Taiwan. [Ali, Syed] Neurochem Lab NCTR, Jefferson, AR USA. RP Hong, JS (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Neuropharmacol Sect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM hong3@niehs.nih.gov FU National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, U.S.A.; NIAAA; UNC Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, U.S.A.; National Science Council, Taiwan [NSC-96-2320-B-037-039-MY3] FX This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, U.S.A.; the Extramural grants from NIAAA (FTC) as well as The UNC Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies (YL and FTC), U.S.A.; and the National Science Council (grant NSC-96-2320-B-037-039-MY3), Taiwan. NR 34 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0028-3908 J9 NEUROPHARMACOLOGY JI Neuropharmacology PD FEB-MAR PY 2011 VL 60 IS 2-3 BP 373 EP 380 DI 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2010.10.002 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 717NL UT WOS:000287054600021 PM 20950631 ER PT J AU Haseman, JK Strickland, J Allen, D Salicru, E Paris, M Tice, RR Stokes, WS AF Haseman, Joseph K. Strickland, Judy Allen, David Salicru, Eleni Paris, Michael Tice, Raymond R. Stokes, William S. TI Safety assessment of allergic contact dermatitis hazards: An analysis supporting reduced animal use for the murine local lymph node assay SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Local lymph node assay; Skin sensitization; Alternative test method; Animal reduction; Sample size; OECD test guideline 429 ID ICCVAM EVALUATION; CLASSIFICATION AB The original Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Test Guideline 429 (OECD TG 429) for the murine local lymph node assay (LLNA) required five mice/group if mice were processed individually. We used data from 83 LLNA tests (275 treated groups) to determine the impact on the LLNA outcome of reducing the group size from five to four. From DPM measurements, we formed all possible four- and five-mice combinations for the treated and control groups. Stimulation index (SI) values from each four-mice combination were compared with those from five-mice combinations, and agreement (both SI <3 or both SI >= 3) determined. Average agreement between group sizes was 97.5% for the 275 treated groups. Compared test-by-test, 90% (75/83) of the tests had 100% agreement: agreement was 83% for the remaining eight tests. Disagreement was due primarily to variability in animal responses and closeness of the SI to three (positive response threshold) rather than to group size reduction. We conclude that using four rather than five mice per group would reduce animal use by 20% without adversely impacting LLNA performance. This analysis supported the recent update to OECD TG 429 allowing a minimum of four mice/group when each mouse is processed individually. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Haseman, Joseph K.] JK Haseman Consulting, Raleigh, NC 27614 USA. [Strickland, Judy; Allen, David; Salicru, Eleni; Paris, Michael] Integrated Lab Syst Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Tice, Raymond R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, Biomol Screening Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Stokes, William S.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, Interagcy Ctr Evaluat Alternat Toxicol Methods, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Stokes, WS (reprint author), 530 Davis Dr,POB 12233,K2-16, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM stokes@niehs.nih.gov FU National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; NIEHS [N01-ES 35504] FX This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. ILS staff are supported by NIEHS contract N01-ES 35504. The views expressed in this manuscript do not necessarily represent the official position of any US Federal agency. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 59 IS 1 BP 191 EP 196 DI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2010.10.004 PG 6 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 727BM UT WOS:000287772300020 PM 20974208 ER PT J AU Tinfo, NS Hotchkiss, MG Buckalew, AR Zorrilla, LM Cooper, RL Laws, SC AF Tinfo, Nicole S. Hotchkiss, Michelle G. Buckalew, Angela R. Zorrilla, Leah M. Cooper, Ralph L. Laws, Susan C. TI Understanding the effects of atrazine on steroidogenesis in rat granulosa and H295R adrenal cortical carcinoma cells SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Atrazine; Chlorotriazine herbicides; Steroidogenesis; Granulosa cells; Estradiol; Progesterone ID MALE WISTAR RATS; AROMATASE-ACTIVITY; IN-VITRO; METABOLITES; HERBICIDES; MECHANISM; ANDROSTENEDIONE; IDENTIFICATION; EXPRESSION; PESTICIDES AB Atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine) was introduced in the 1950s as a broad spectrum herbicide, and remains one of the most widely used herbicides in the United States. Several studies have suggested that atrazine modifies steroidogenesis and may disrupt reproductive function and development in a variety of species. A primary concern has been whether atrazine increases the synthesis of estrogens, perhaps by enhancing aromatase gene expression and activity. In this study, the effect of atrazine was compared in cultures using primary granulosa cells and H295R adrenal cortical carcinoma cells. Atrazine (10 mu M), but not its metabolite, 2-chloro-4.6-diamino-1,15-triazine (DACT), significantly increased estradiol production and aromatase activity in granulosa cell cultures only when measured for 1-h following 24h of exposure. In H295R cells, atrazine (10 mu M) increased estradiol and estrone production. Importantly, atrazine (10 mu M) increased progesterone production from both cell types suggesting a broader effect of atrazine on steroidogenesis. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Tinfo, Nicole S.; Hotchkiss, Michelle G.; Buckalew, Angela R.; Zorrilla, Leah M.; Cooper, Ralph L.; Laws, Susan C.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Endocrine Toxicol Branch,Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Tinfo, Nicole S.; Zorrilla, Leah M.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mol Biomed Sci, Coll Vet Med, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Laws, SC (reprint author), US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Endocrine Toxicol Branch,Off Res & Dev, MD 72,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM laws.susan@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency/North Carolina State University [CR83323501] FX This work was supported by the United States Environmental Protection Agency/North Carolina State University Cooperative Training agreement (CR83323501) to NCSU. We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of; Guillermo Orozco, Patty Dillard, Alvin Moore, and Faye Pothress of New Year Tech, Raleigh, NC, for their technical support and assistance with animal care; Saro Jayaraman, Atlantic Ecology Division, NHEERL, U.S. EPA, for conducting the analytical chemistry analysis; Carmen Wood, Toxicology Assessment Division, NHEERL, U.S. EPA, for performing the real-time PCR; and Drs. Sally Darney, Tammy Stoker, Mike Narotsky (NHEERL, U.S. EPA), and Dr. lane Christenson, University of Kansas Medical Center. for their reviews and helpful comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. NR 29 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 31 IS 2 BP 184 EP 193 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2010.11.005 PG 10 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA 735LX UT WOS:000288417200010 PM 21126571 ER PT J AU Romeis, J Hellmich, RL Candolfi, MP Carstens, K De Schrijver, A Gatehouse, AMR Herman, RA Huesing, JE McLean, MA Raybould, A Shelton, AM Waggoner, A AF Romeis, Joerg Hellmich, Richard L. Candolfi, Marco P. Carstens, Keri De Schrijver, Adinda Gatehouse, Angharad M. R. Herman, Rod A. Huesing, Joseph E. McLean, Morven A. Raybould, Alan Shelton, Anthony M. Waggoner, Annabel TI Recommendations for the design of laboratory studies on non-target arthropods for risk assessment of genetically engineered plants SO TRANSGENIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Environmental risk assessment; Non-target effects; Study design; Tiered risk assessment; Transgenic crops ID PREDATOR CHRYSOPERLA-CARNEA; BT CORN POLLEN; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS TOXINS; PARASITOID COTESIA-PLUTELLAE; GALANTHUS-NIVALIS AGGLUTININ; ORIUS-INSIDIOSUS HETEROPTERA; TRANSGENIC CORN; COLEOMEGILLA-MACULATA; INSECTICIDAL PROTEINS; APIS-MELLIFERA AB This paper provides recommendations on experimental design for early-tier laboratory studies used in risk assessments to evaluate potential adverse impacts of arthropod-resistant genetically engineered (GE) plants on non-target arthropods (NTAs). While we rely heavily on the currently used proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) in this discussion, the concepts apply to other arthropod-active proteins. A risk may exist if the newly acquired trait of the GE plant has adverse effects on NTAs when they are exposed to the arthropod-active protein. Typically, the risk assessment follows a tiered approach that starts with laboratory studies under worst-case exposure conditions; such studies have a high ability to detect adverse effects on non-target species. Clear guidance on how such data are produced in laboratory studies assists the product developers and risk assessors. The studies should be reproducible and test clearly defined risk hypotheses. These properties contribute to the robustness of, and confidence in, environmental risk assessments for GE plants. Data from NTA studies, collected during the analysis phase of an environmental risk assessment, are critical to the outcome of the assessment and ultimately the decision taken by regulatory authorities on the release of a GE plant. Confidence in the results of early-tier laboratory studies is a precondition for the acceptance of data across regulatory jurisdictions and should encourage agencies to share useful information and thus avoid redundant testing. C1 [Romeis, Joerg] Agroscope Reckenholz Tanikon Res Stn ART, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland. [Hellmich, Richard L.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Genet Lab Insectary,Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Candolfi, Marco P.] Innovat Environm Serv IES Ltd, CH-4108 Witterswil, Switzerland. [Carstens, Keri] Pioneer Hi Bred, Regulatory Sci, Ankeny, IA 50021 USA. [De Schrijver, Adinda] Sci Inst Publ Hlth, Div Biosafety & Biotechnol, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Gatehouse, Angharad M. R.] Newcastle Univ, Sch Biol, Inst Res & Sustainabil, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. [Herman, Rod A.] Dow AgroSci LLC, Indianapolis, IN 46268 USA. [Huesing, Joseph E.] Monsanto Co, St Louis, MO 63167 USA. [McLean, Morven A.] ILSI Res Fdn, Ctr Environm Risk Assessment, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Raybould, Alan] Syngenta, Jealotts Hill Int Res Ctr, Bracknell RG42 6EY, Berks, England. [Shelton, Anthony M.] Cornell Univ NYSAES, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Waggoner, Annabel] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Biopesticides & Pollut Prevent Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Romeis, J (reprint author), Agroscope Reckenholz Tanikon Res Stn ART, Reckenholzstr 191, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland. EM joerg.romeis@art.admin.ch RI Romeis, Joerg/J-5360-2013 NR 121 TC 93 Z9 101 U1 3 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0962-8819 J9 TRANSGENIC RES JI Transgenic Res. PD FEB PY 2011 VL 20 IS 1 BP 1 EP 22 DI 10.1007/s11248-010-9446-x PG 22 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 705AQ UT WOS:000286100500001 PM 20938806 ER PT J AU Martinovic-Weigelt, D Wang, RL Villeneuve, DL Bencic, DC Lazorchak, J Ankley, GT AF Martinovic-Weigelt, Dalma Wang, Rong-Lin Villeneuve, Daniel L. Bencic, David C. Lazorchak, Jim Ankley, Gerald T. TI Gene expression profiling of the androgen receptor antagonists flutamide and vinclozolin in zebrafish (Danio rerio) gonads SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Transcriptomics; Endocrine disruption; Anti-androgens; Fish; Flutamide; Vinclozolin ID ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING COMPOUNDS; ADULT MALE-RAT; FATHEAD MINNOW; ANTIANDROGEN FLUTAMIDE; PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; BOVINE SPERMATOZOA; SEX DETERMINATION; END-POINTS; MICROARRAY; FISH AB The studies presented in this manuscript focus on characterization of transcriptomic responses to anti-androgens in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Research on the effects of anti-androgens in fish has been characterized by a heavy reliance on apical endpoints, and molecular mechanisms of action (MOA) of anti-androgens remain poorly elucidated. In the present study, we examined effects of a short term exposure (24-96 h) to the androgen receptor antagonists flutamide (FLU) and vinclozolin (VZ) on gene expression in gonads of sexually mature zebrafish, using commercially available zebrafish oligonucleotide microarrays (4 x 44K platform). We found that VZ and FLU potentially impact reproductive processes via multiple pathways related to steroidogenesis, spermatogenesis, and fertilization. Observed changes in gene expression often were shared by VZ and FLU, as demonstrated by overlap in differentially-expressed genes and enrichment of several common key pathways including: (1) integrin and actin signaling, (2) nuclear receptor 5A1 signaling, (3) fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling, (4) polyamine synthesis, and (5) androgen synthesis. This information should prove useful to elucidating specific mechanisms of reproductive effects of anti-androgens in fish, as well as developing biomarkers for this important class of endocrine-active chemicals. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Martinovic-Weigelt, Dalma] Univ St Thomas, St Paul, MN 55105 USA. [Martinovic-Weigelt, Dalma; Villeneuve, Daniel L.; Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Wang, Rong-Lin; Bencic, David C.; Lazorchak, Jim] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Martinovic-Weigelt, D (reprint author), Univ St Thomas, Mail OWS 390,2115 Summit Ave, St Paul, MN 55105 USA. EM dalma@stthomas.edu OI Martinovic-Weigelt, Dalma/0000-0002-9973-4965; Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571 FU USEPA National Center for Computational Toxicology FX This work was supported by the USEPA National Center for Computational Toxicology. The manuscript has been reviewed in accordance with USEPA guidelines and approved for publication. Approval does not indicate that the contents reflect the views of either Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect USEPA policy. NR 67 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 4 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-445X J9 AQUAT TOXICOL JI Aquat. Toxicol. PD JAN 25 PY 2011 VL 101 IS 2 BP 447 EP 458 DI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2010.10.003 PG 12 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA 722HS UT WOS:000287423900018 PM 21126777 ER PT J AU Hiatt, MH AF Hiatt, Michael H. TI Internal standards: A source of analytical bias for volatile organic analyte determinations SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE Volatile organic compounds; Internal standards; Bias; Biota; Soil; Water; Analyses ID SAMPLES; ERROR AB The use of internal standards in the determination of volatile organic compounds as described in SW-846 Method 8260C introduces a potential for bias in results once the internal standards (ISTDs) are added to a sample for analysis. The bias is relative to the dissimilarity between the analyte and internal standard physical properties that influence how easily analytes are separated from a matrix and concentrated during analysis. Method 5032 is a vacuum distillation procedure for extracting analytes from a sample for use with Method 8260C. Vacuum distillation is also incorporated within another GC/MS analytical procedure, Method 8261A. Method 8260C/5032 and Method 8261A are experimentally identical, however, Method 8261A uses internal standards differently by relating the recovery of each compound to its boiling point and relative volatility. By processing each analysis (water, soil, and biota) using both Method 8260C and Method 8261A, the two approaches are compared on the basis of analyte bias and the failure rate of the quality controls. Analytes were grouped by how similar their boiling points and natural log of their relative volatilities (In RVs) were to their Method 8260C recommended ISTDs. For the most similar analytes, the Method 8260C determinations yielded an average bias less than 10% and a failure to meet calibration criteria less than 7%. However, as the difference between analyte and ISTD became greater the bias increased to over 40% (matrix dependent) and its calibration failure rate approached 70%. In comparison, when the Method 8260C data were reprocessed as Method 8261A determinations, this trend for groupings was minimized with biases increasing from 6% to only 20% and the calibration failure rate went from 0% to 15%. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Div Environm Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Hiatt, MH (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 93478, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. EM hiatt.mike@epa.gov NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JAN 21 PY 2011 VL 1218 IS 3 BP 498 EP 503 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.11.078 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 712QI UT WOS:000286680900017 PM 21176843 ER PT J AU Gibbs-Flournoy, EA Bromberg, PA Hofer, TPJ Samet, JM Zucker, RM AF Gibbs-Flournoy, Eugene A. Bromberg, Philip A. Hofer, Thomas P. J. Samet, James M. Zucker, Robert M. TI Darkfield-Confocal Microscopy detection of nanoscale particle internalization by human lung cells SO PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SLIDE-BASED SYSTEMS; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; QUALITY ASSESSMENT; NANOPARTICLES; NANOMATERIALS; PERFORMANCE; EXPOSURE; HEALTH AB Background: Concerns over the health effects of nanomaterials in the environment have created a need for microscopy methods capable of examining the biological interactions of nanoparticles (NP). Unfortunately, NP are beyond the diffraction limit of resolution for conventional light microscopy (similar to 200 nm). Fluorescence and electron microscopy techniques commonly used to examine NP interactions with biological substrates have drawbacks that limit their usefulness in toxicological investigation of NP. EM is labor intensive and slow, while fluorescence carries the risk of photobleaching the sample and has size resolution limits. In addition, many relevant particles lack intrinsic fluorescence and therefore can not be detected in this manner. To surmount these limitations, we evaluated the potential of a novel combination of darkfield and confocal laser scanning microscopy (DF-CLSM) for the efficient 3D detection of NP in human lung cells. The DF-CLSM approach utilizes the contrast enhancements of darkfield microscopy to detect objects below the diffraction limit of 200 nm based on their light scattering properties and interfaces it with the power of confocal microscopy to resolve objects in the z-plane. Results: Validation of the DF-CLSM method using fluorescent polystyrene beads demonstrated spatial colocalization of particle fluorescence (Confocal) and scattered transmitted light (Darkfield) along the X, Y, and Z axes. DF-CLSM imaging was able to detect and provide reasonable spatial locations of 27 nm TiO2 particles in relation to the stained nuclei of exposed BEAS 2B cells. Statistical analysis of particle proximity to cellular nuclei determined a significant difference between 5 min and 2 hr particle exposures suggesting a time-dependant internalization process. Conclusions: DF-CLSM microscopy is an alternative to current conventional light and electron microscopy methods that does not rely on particle fluorescence or contrast in electron density. DF-CLSM is especially well suited to the task of establishing the spatial localization of nanoparticles within cells, a critical topic in nanotoxicology. This technique has advantages to 2D darkfield microscopy as it visualizes nanoparticles in 3D using confocal microscopy. Use of this technique should aid toxicological studies related to observation of NP interactions with biological endpoints at cellular and subcellular levels. C1 [Samet, James M.] US EPA, Environmental Publ Hlth Div, NHEERL, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Gibbs-Flournoy, Eugene A.] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Bromberg, Philip A.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Hofer, Thomas P. J.] Clin Cooperat Grp Inflammatory Lung Dis, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Res Ctr Environm Hlth, Gauting, Germany. [Zucker, Robert M.] US EPA, Toxicol Assessment Div, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Samet, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Environmental Publ Hlth Div, NHEERL, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM samet.james@epa.gov FU NIEHS NIH HHS [T32 ES007126] NR 39 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 21 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-8977 J9 PART FIBRE TOXICOL JI Part. Fibre Toxicol. PD JAN 19 PY 2011 VL 8 AR 2 DI 10.1186/1743-8977-8-2 PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 715ZL UT WOS:000286934400001 PM 21247485 ER PT J AU Biales, AD Bencic, DC Flick, RL Blocksom, KA Lazorchak, JM Lattier, DL AF Biales, Adam D. Bencic, David C. Flick, Robert L. Blocksom, Karen A. Lazorchak, James M. Lattier, David L. TI Proteomic analysis of a model fish species exposed to individual pesticides and a binary mixture SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DIGE; Mixtures; Biomarkers; Pimephales promelas; Pyrethroid; Organophosphate; Proteomics ID RESPONSE MEDIATOR PROTEIN-1; GENE-EXPRESSION; ACUTE TOXICITY; RAINBOW-TROUT; PYRETHROID INSECTICIDE; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; STATISTICAL-MODEL; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; CHLORPYRIFOS AB Pesticides are nearly ubiquitous in surface waters of the United States, where they often are found as mixtures. The molecular mechanisms underlying the toxic effects of sub-lethal exposure to pesticides as both individual and mixtures are unclear. The current work aims to identify and compare differentially expressed proteins in brains of male fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) exposed for 72 h to permethrin (7.5 mu g/L), terbufos (57.5 mu g/L) and a binary mixture of both. Twenty-four proteins were found to be differentially expressed among all three treatments relative to the control using an ANOVA followed by a Dunnett's post hoc test (p <= 0.05). One protein was found to be differentially expressed among all treatment groups and one protein was in common between the terbufos and the mixture group. Fifteen spots were successfully sequenced using LC-MS/MS sequencing. Proteins associated with the ubiquitin-proteasome system, glycolysis, the cytoskeleton and hypoxia were enriched. As a second objective, we attempted to establish protein expression signatures (PES) for individual permethrin and terbufos exposures. We were unable to generate a useable PES for terbufos; however, the permethrin PES was able to distinguish between control and permethrin-exposed individuals in an independent experiment with an accuracy of 87.5%. This PES also accurately classified permethrin exposed individuals when the exposure occurred as part of a mixture. The identification of proteins differentially expressed as a result of pesticide exposure represent a step forward in the understanding of mechanisms of toxicity of permethrin and terbufos. They also allow a comparison of molecular responses of the binary mixture to single exposures. The permethrin PES is the first step in establishing a method to determine exposures in real-world scenarios. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Biales, Adam D.; Bencic, David C.; Flick, Robert L.; Blocksom, Karen A.; Lazorchak, James M.; Lattier, David L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Biales, AD (reprint author), AWBERC, 26 W MLK,MS 592, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM biales.adam@epa.gov OI Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated on the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. The authors would like to acknowledge CB, FM and ZD for their dedicated work on this project as well as their encouragement. NR 67 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-445X J9 AQUAT TOXICOL JI Aquat. Toxicol. PD JAN 17 PY 2011 VL 101 IS 1 BP 196 EP 206 DI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2010.09.019 PG 11 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA 715BR UT WOS:000286855900021 PM 20974496 ER PT J AU Liu, GL Naja, GM Kalla, P Scheidt, D Gaiser, E Cai, Y AF Liu, Guangliang Naja, G. Melodie Kalla, Peter Scheidt, Dan Gaiser, Evelyn Cai, Yong TI Legacy and Fate of Mercury and Methylmercury in the Florida Everglades SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERIPHYTON; PEAT AB Mass inventories of total Hg (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) and mass budgets of Hg newly deposited during the 2005 dry and wet seasons were constructed for the Everglades. As a sink for Hg, the Everglades has accumulated 914, 1138, 4931, and 7602 kg of legacy THg in its 4 management units, namely Water Conservation Area (WCA) 1, 2, 3, and the Everglades National Park (ENP), respectively, with most Hg being stored in soil. The current annual Hg inputs account only for 1-2% of the legacy Hg. Mercury transport across management units during a season amounts to 1% or less of Hg storage, except for WCA 2 where inflow inputs can contribute 4% of total MeHg storage. Mass budget suggests distinct spatiality for cycling of seasonally deposited Hg, with significantly lower THg fluxes entering water and floc in ENP than in the WCAs. Floc in WCAs can retain a considerable fraction (around 16%) of MeHg produced from the newly deposited Hg during the wet season. This work is important for evaluating the magnitude of legacy Hg contamination and for predicting the fate of new Hg in the Everglades, and provides a methodological example for large-scale studies on Hg cycling in wetlands. C1 [Liu, Guangliang; Cai, Yong] Florida Int Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Liu, Guangliang; Gaiser, Evelyn; Cai, Yong] Florida Int Univ, SE Environm Res Ctr, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Naja, G. Melodie] Everglades Fdn, Dept Sci, Palmetto Bay, FL 33157 USA. [Kalla, Peter] US EPA, Sci & Ecosyst Support Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Scheidt, Dan] US EPA, Water Protect Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Gaiser, Evelyn] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA. RP Cai, Y (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Miami, FL 33199 USA. EM cai@fiu.edu RI Cai, Yong/K-9868-2015 OI Cai, Yong/0000-0002-2811-4638 FU R-EMAP; EPA's South Florida Geographic Initiative; Army Corps of Engineers; Critical Ecosystem Studies Initiative of Everglades National Park; U.S. Department of the Interior; Florida Department of Environmental Protection; Everglades Foundation; Bailey Wildlife Foundation; Darden Foundation; Natural Science Foundation of China FX This work was sponsored by R-EMAP, EPA's South Florida Geographic Initiative, the Monitoring and Assessment Plan of the Army Corps of Engineers Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan, the Critical Ecosystem Studies Initiative of Everglades National Park, U.S. Department of the Interior, the Mercury Science Program of the Florida Department of Environmental Protection, the Everglades Foundation, the Bailey Wildlife Foundation, the Darden Foundation, and the Natural Science Foundation of China. This is contribution No. 502 of the Southeast Environmental Research Center at FIU. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 2 BP 496 EP 501 DI 10.1021/es101207f PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 704YB UT WOS:000286090500026 PM 21158447 ER PT J AU Poynton, HC Lazorchak, JM Impellitteri, CA Smith, ME Rogers, K Patra, M Hammer, KA Allen, HJ Vulpe, CD AF Poynton, Helen C. Lazorchak, James M. Impellitteri, Christopher A. Smith, Mark E. Rogers, Kim Patra, Manomita Hammer, Katherine A. Allen, H. Joel Vulpe, Chris D. TI Differential Gene Expression in Daphnia magna Suggests Distinct Modes of Action and Bioavailability for ZnO Nanoparticles and Zn Ions SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NANO-SCALE TIO2; OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; COMPARATIVE TOXICITY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ZINC-OXIDE; BULK ZNO; NANOMATERIALS; ENVIRONMENT AB Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are being rapidly developed for use in consumer products, wastewater treatment, and chemotherapy providing several possible routes for ZnO NP exposure to humans and aquatic organisms. Recent studies have shown that ZnO NPs undergo rapid dissolution to Zn(2+), but the relative contribution of Zn(2+) to ZnO NP bioavailability and toxicity is not clear. We show that a fraction of the ZnO NPs in suspension dissolves, and this fraction cannot account for the toxicity of the ZnO NP suspensions to Daphnia magna. Gene expression profiling of D. magna exposed to ZnO NPs or ZnSO(4) at sublethal concentrations revealed distinct modes of toxicity. There was also little overlap in gene expression between ZnO NPs and SiO(x) NPs, suggesting specificity for the ZnO NP expression profile. ZnO NPs effected expression of genes involved in cytoskeletal transport, cellular respiration, and reproduction. A specific pattern of differential expression of three biomarker genes including a multicystatin, ferritin, and C1q containing gene were confirmed for ZnO NP exposure and provide a suite of biomarkers for identifying environmental exposure to ZnO NPs and differentiating between NP and ionic exposure. C1 [Poynton, Helen C.; Lazorchak, James M.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Impellitteri, Christopher A.; Allen, H. Joel] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Smith, Mark E.; Hammer, Katherine A.] McConnell Grp Inc, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Rogers, Kim; Patra, Manomita] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. [Vulpe, Chris D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nutrit Sci & Toxicol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Poynton, HC (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, 100 Morrissey Blvd, Boston, MA 02125 USA. EM helen.poynton@umb.edu OI Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571 FU U.S. EPA through its Office of Research and Development; Oak Ridge Institute for Science Education FX The U.S. EPA through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. We acknowledge the Oak Ridge Institute for Science Education for support. We thank Dr. Jason Unrine of University of Kentucky for his helpful review of this manuscript. NR 38 TC 75 Z9 77 U1 2 U2 73 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 2 BP 762 EP 768 DI 10.1021/es102501z PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 704YB UT WOS:000286090500065 PM 21142172 ER PT J AU Corsini, E Avogadro, A Galbiati, V dell'Agli, M Marinovich, M Galli, CL Germolec, DR AF Corsini, Emanuela Avogadro, Anna Galbiati, Valentina dell'Agli, Mario Marinovich, Marina Galli, Corrado L. Germolec, Dori R. TI In vitro evaluation of the immunotoxic potential of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Perfluorinated compounds; Immunosuppression; PPAR-alpha receptor; Cytokine; MMP-9; Whole blood assay ID NF-KAPPA-B; PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR; PERFLUOROOCTANOIC ACID; PPAR-ALPHA; HUMORAL IMMUNITY; P65 SUBUNIT; CD RATS; MICE; EXPOSURE AB There is evidence from both epidemiology and laboratory studies that perfluorinated compounds may be immunotoxic, affecting both cell-mediated and humoral immunity. The overall goal of this study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying the immunotoxic effects of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctane acid (PFOA), using in vitro assays. The release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha was evaluated in lipolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human peripheral blood leukocytes and in the human promyelocytic cell line THP-1, while the release of IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-gamma was evaluated in phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated peripheral blood leukocytes. PFOA and PFOS suppressed LPS-induced TNF-a production in primary human cultures and THP-1 cells, while IL-8 was suppressed only in THP-1 cells. IL-6 release was decreased only by PFOS. Both PFOA and PFOS decreased T-cell derived, PHA-induced IL-4 and IL-10 release, while IFN-gamma release was affected only by PFOS. In all instances. PFOS was more potent than PFOA. Mechanistic investigations carried out in THP-1 cells demonstrated that the effect on cytokine release was pre-transcriptional, as assessed by a reduction in LPS-induced TNF-a mRNA expression. Using siRNA, a role for PPAR-a could be demonstrated for PFOA-induced immunotoxicity, while an inhibitory effect on LPS-induced I-NB degradation could explain the immunomodulatory effect of PFOS. The dissimilar role of PPAR-a in PFOA and PFOS-induced immunotoxicity was consistent with the differing effects observed on LPS-induced MMP-9 release: PFOA, as the PPAR-a agonist fenofibrate, modulated the release, while PFOS had no effect. Overall, these studies suggest that PFCs directly suppress cytokine secretion by immune cells, and that PFOA and PFOS have different mechanisms of action. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Corsini, Emanuela; Avogadro, Anna; Galbiati, Valentina; Marinovich, Marina; Galli, Corrado L.] Univ Milan, Toxicol Lab, Dept Pharmacol Sci, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [dell'Agli, Mario] Univ Milan, Lab Pharmacognosy, Dept Pharmacol Sci, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Germolec, Dori R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Corsini, E (reprint author), Univ Milan, Toxicol Lab, Dept Pharmacol Sci, Via Balzaretti 9, I-20133 Milan, Italy. EM emanuela.corsini@unimi.it RI Corsini, Emanuela/B-5602-2011; Dell'Agli, Mario/E-5253-2011; OI Dell'Agli, Mario/0000-0001-5378-402X; Galli, Corrado Lodovico/0000-0003-0078-5488; Marinovich, Marina/0000-0003-0625-8101 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; National Institutes of Health FX We would like to thank Dr. Chad Blystone and Dr. Andrew Rooney for their review and helpful suggestions. This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, and the National Institutes of Health. This article may be the work product of an employee or group of employees of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), and the National Institutes of Health (NIH), however, the statements, opinions or conclusions contained therein do not necessarily represent the statements, opinions or conclusions of NIEHS, NIH or the United States government. NR 42 TC 41 Z9 44 U1 4 U2 19 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD JAN 15 PY 2011 VL 250 IS 2 BP 108 EP 116 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2010.11.004 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 705KZ UT WOS:000286128600003 PM 21075133 ER PT J AU Beaulieu, JJ Tank, JL Hamilton, SK Wollheim, WM Hall, RO Mulholland, PJ Peterson, BJ Ashkenas, LR Cooper, LW Dahm, CN Dodds, WK Grimm, NB Johnson, SL McDowell, WH Poole, GC Valett, HM Arango, CP Bernot, MJ Burgin, AJ Crenshaw, CL Helton, AM Johnson, LT O'Brien, JM Potter, JD Sheibley, RW Sobota, DJ Thomas, SM AF Beaulieu, Jake J. Tank, Jennifer L. Hamilton, Stephen K. Wollheim, Wilfred M. Hall, Robert O., Jr. Mulholland, Patrick J. Peterson, Bruce J. Ashkenas, Linda R. Cooper, Lee W. Dahm, Clifford N. Dodds, Walter K. Grimm, Nancy B. Johnson, Sherri L. McDowell, William H. Poole, Geoffrey C. Valett, H. Maurice Arango, Clay P. Bernot, Melody J. Burgin, Amy J. Crenshaw, Chelsea L. Helton, Ashley M. Johnson, Laura T. O'Brien, Jonathan M. Potter, Jody D. Sheibley, Richard W. Sobota, Daniel J. Thomas, Suzanne M. TI Nitrous oxide emission from denitrification in stream and river networks SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID HEADWATER STREAMS; NITRATE REMOVAL; FRESH-WATER; N2O; ECOSYSTEMS; SOILS; ABUNDANCE; OXYGEN; RATES; CYCLE AB Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change and stratospheric ozone destruction. Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) loading to river networks is a potentially important source of N2O via microbial denitrification that converts N to N2O and dinitrogen (N-2). The fraction of denitrified N that escapes as N2O rather than N-2 (i.e., the N2O yield) is an important determinant of how much N2O is produced by river networks, but little is known about the N2O yield in flowing waters. Here, we present the results of whole-stream N-15-tracer additions conducted in 72 headwater streams draining multiple land-use types across the United States. We found that stream denitrification produces N2O at rates that increase with stream water nitrate (NO3-) concentrations, but that <1% of denitrified N is converted to N2O. Unlike some previous studies, we found no relationship between the N2O yield and stream water NO3-. We suggest that increased stream NO3- loading stimulates denitrification and concomitant N2O production, but does not increase the N2O yield. In our study, most streams were sources of N2O to the atmosphere and the highest emission rates were observed in streams draining urban basins. Using a global river network model, we estimate that microbial N transformations (e. g., denitrification and nitrification) convert at least 0.68 Tg.y(-1) of anthropogenic N inputs to N2O in river networks, equivalent to 10% of the global anthropogenic N2O emission rate. This estimate of stream and river N2O emissions is three times greater than estimated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. C1 [Beaulieu, Jake J.; Tank, Jennifer L.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Hamilton, Stephen K.] Michigan State Univ, Kellogg Biol Stn, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA. [Wollheim, Wilfred M.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Wollheim, Wilfred M.; McDowell, William H.; Potter, Jody D.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Hall, Robert O., Jr.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Mulholland, Patrick J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Mulholland, Patrick J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Peterson, Bruce J.; Thomas, Suzanne M.] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Ashkenas, Linda R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Cooper, Lee W.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. [Dahm, Clifford N.; Crenshaw, Chelsea L.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Dodds, Walter K.] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Grimm, Nancy B.; Sheibley, Richard W.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Johnson, Sherri L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Poole, Geoffrey C.] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Valett, H. Maurice] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Arango, Clay P.] Cent Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Ellensburg, WA 98926 USA. [Bernot, Melody J.] Ball State Univ, Dept Biol, Muncie, IN 47306 USA. [Burgin, Amy J.] Wright State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Helton, Ashley M.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Johnson, Laura T.] Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [O'Brien, Jonathan M.] Univ Canterbury, Sch Biol Sci, Christchurch 8014, New Zealand. [Sobota, Daniel J.] Washington State Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA. RP Beaulieu, JJ (reprint author), US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM beaulieu.jake@epa.gov RI Mulholland, Patrick/C-3142-2012; Cooper, Lee/E-5251-2012; O'Brien, Jonathan/G-6786-2012; Grimm, Nancy/D-2840-2009; Burgin, Amy/G-7444-2014; Arango Lopez, Celso/H-6433-2015; McDowell, William/E-9767-2010; Burgin, Amy/C-1528-2010 OI Sheibley, Richard/0000-0003-1627-8536; Cooper, Lee/0000-0001-7734-8388; Grimm, Nancy/0000-0001-9374-660X; Poole, Geoffrey/0000-0002-8458-0203; Burgin, Amy/0000-0001-8489-4002; Arango Lopez, Celso/0000-0003-3382-4754; McDowell, William/0000-0002-8739-9047; Burgin, Amy/0000-0001-8489-4002 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0111410]; National Science Foundation's Long Term Ecological Research (NSF-LTER) network FX We are grateful to N.E. Ostrom for assistance with stable isotope measurements of N2 and N2O and G. P. Robertson for comments on the manuscript. We thank the US Forest Service, National Park Service, and many private landowners for permission to conduct experiments on their lands. We also acknowledge the many workers who helped with the Lotic Intersite Nitrogen experiments. Funding for this research was provided by the National Science Foundation (DEB-0111410). The National Science Foundation's Long Term Ecological Research (NSF-LTER) network hosted many of the study sites included in this research and partially supported several of the authors during the project. We specifically acknowledge Andrews, Central Arizona-Phoenix, Coweeta, Kellogg Biological Station, Konza, Luquillo, Plum Island, and Sevilleta NSF-LTERs for support. NR 41 TC 141 Z9 158 U1 13 U2 186 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JAN 4 PY 2011 VL 108 IS 1 BP 214 EP 219 DI 10.1073/pnas.1011464108 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 702SG UT WOS:000285915000042 PM 21173258 ER PT J AU Garcia, VC Gego, E Lin, S Pantea, C Rappazzo, K Wootten, A Rao, ST AF Garcia, Valerie C. Gego, Edith Lin, Shao Pantea, Cristian Rappazzo, Kristen Wootten, Adrienne Rao, S. Trivikrama TI An evaluation of transported pollution and respiratory-related hospital admissions in the state of New York SO ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Health effects; Transported ozone; Meteorology; Back-trajectories ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; AIR-QUALITY; OZONE; ASSOCIATION; DISEASES; CHILDREN; EPISODE AB Human exposure to air pollution transported from the Midwest is evaluated in eight New York State (NYS) regions over ten summers (1997 - 2006) for association with respiratory-related hospital admissions. Days when pollution is transported into the Northeastern United States (U. S.) were identified by using back-trajectories from the eight regions. These back-trajectories help identify predominant meteorological patterns associated with "polluted" air parcels (originating in the Midwest where power plant emissions are known to be relatively high) and "clean" air parcels (originating from the North where pollution is known to be relatively low). Ambient ozone concentrations measurements were used to validate the classification of "polluted" and "clean" air parcels. These classifications were then used to define the days of high-versus low-exposure for populations residing within each region. The results of this analysis indicate that the risk of being hospitalized for respiratory-related illness in NYS is greater on those days when air is transported from the Midwest as compared to days when air is transported from the North. Using a refined method to examine air parcels moving through a boundary drawn around high-emitting power plants in the Midwestern U. S. resulted in stronger associations across more regions (significant odds ratios ranging from 1.06 to 1.16 for the entire study time period for six of the eight NYS regions). An assessment of temperature and its impact on the odds ratio calculation in the New York City metropolitan region indicates that temperature alone does not explain the increased association between air pollution and respiratory-related hospital admissions. (C) Author(s) 2011. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. C1 [Garcia, Valerie C.; Rao, S. Trivikrama] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Gego, Edith] Gego Associates, Idaho Falls, ID USA. [Lin, Shao; Pantea, Cristian] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [Rappazzo, Kristen] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Wootten, Adrienne] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Garcia, VC (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM garcia.val@epa.gov OI Lin, Shao/0000-0002-5535-7504 NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 11 PU TURKISH NATL COMMITTEE AIR POLLUTION RES & CONTROL-TUNCAP PI BUCA PA DOKUZ EYLUL UNIV, DEPT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, TINAZTEPE CAMPUS, BUCA, IZMIR 35160, TURKEY SN 1309-1042 J9 ATMOS POLLUT RES JI Atmos. Pollut. Res. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 2 IS 1 BP 9 EP 15 DI 10.5094/APR.2011.002 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 029QI UT WOS:000310510200002 ER PT J AU Liu, P Zhang, Y Yu, SC Schere, KL AF Liu, Ping Zhang, Yang Yu, Shaocai Schere, Kenneth L. TI Use of a process analysis tool for diagnostic study on fine particulate matter predictions in the U.S. - Part II: Analyses and sensitivity simulations SO ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Fine Particulate Matter; CMAQ; Process Analysis; Sensitivity Study; 1999 SOS ID AIR-QUALITY MODEL; DRY DEPOSITION; NORTH-CAROLINA; UNITED-STATES; OZONE; CHEMISTRY; INDICATORS; AMMONIA; EMISSIONS; SURFACE AB Following the Part I paper that describes an application of the U. S. EPA Models-3/Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system to the 1999 Southern Oxidants Study episode, this paper presents results from process analysis (PA) using the PA tool embedded in CMAQ and subsequent sensitivity simulations to estimate the impacts of major model uncertainties identified through PA. Aerosol processes and emissions are the most important production processes for PM2.5 and its secondary components, while horizontal and vertical transport and dry deposition contribute to their removal. Cloud processes can contribute the production of PM2.5 and SO42- and the removal of NO3 and NH4+. The model biases between observed and simulated concentrations of PM2.5 and its secondary inorganic components are found to correlate with aerosol processes and dry deposition at all sites from all networks and sometimes with emissions and cloud processes at some sites. Guided with PA results, specific uncertainties examined include the dry deposition of PM2.5 species and its precursors, the emissions of PM2.5 precursors, the cloud processes of SO42-, and the gas-phase oxidation of SO2. Adjusting the most influential processes/factors (i.e., emissions of NH3 and SO2, dry deposition velocity of HNO3, and gas-phase oxidation of SO2 by OH) is found to improve the model overall performance in terms of SO42-, NO3-, and NH4+ predictions. (C) Author(s) 2011. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. C1 [Liu, Ping; Zhang, Yang] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Liu, Ping] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Yu, Shaocai; Schere, Kenneth L.] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Box 8208, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM yang_zhang@ncsu.edu RI yu, shaocai/G-7806-2011; yu, shaocai/F-1394-2014 FU National Science Foundation [Atm-0348819]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [DW13921548]; U.S. Department of Commerce's National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) [DW13921548] FX This work was performed under the National Science Foundation Award No. Atm-0348819, and the Memorandum of Understanding between the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U.S. Department of Commerce's National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and under agreement number DW13921548. The authors thank Alice Gilliland and Steve Howard, U.S. NOAA/EPA, for providing the Fortran code for extracting data from CMAQ and the CASTNET, IMPROVE, and AIRS-AQS observational datasets, and Robert W. Pinder and Prakash Bhave, U.S. NOAA/EPA, for helpful discussions. Although this work was reviewed by EPA and approved for publication, it does not necessarily reflect their policies or views. NR 29 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 17 PU TURKISH NATL COMMITTEE AIR POLLUTION RES & CONTROL-TUNCAP PI BUCA PA DOKUZ EYLUL UNIV, DEPT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, TINAZTEPE CAMPUS, BUCA, IZMIR 35160, TURKEY SN 1309-1042 J9 ATMOS POLLUT RES JI Atmos. Pollut. Res. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 2 IS 1 BP 61 EP 71 DI 10.5094/APR.2011.008 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 029QI UT WOS:000310510200008 ER PT J AU Pleim, JE AF Pleim, Jonathan E. TI Comment on "Simulation of Surface Ozone Pollution in the Central Gulf Coast Region Using WRF/Chem Model: Sensitivity to PBL and Land Surface Physics" SO ADVANCES IN METEOROLOGY LA English DT Letter ID ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; NONLOCAL CLOSURE-MODEL; SYSTEM AB A recently published meteorology and air quality modeling study has several serious deficiencies deserving comment. The study uses the weather research and forecasting/chemistry (WRF/Chem) model to compare and evaluate boundary layer and land surface modeling options. The most serious of the study's deficiencies is reporting WRF/Chem results for both meteorological and chemical quantities using the asymmetric convective model version 2 (ACM2). While the ACM2 is a valid model option for WRF, it has not yet been implemented for the chemical portion of the WRF/Chem model. Hence, the reported air quality modeling results using ACM2 are invalid. Furthermore, publication of these results gives the erroneous impression that the ACM2 model is not well suited for air quality applications when, in fact, it is the default boundary layer model in the community multiscale air quality (CMAQ) model. C1 US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Pleim, JE (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM pleim.jon@epa.gov RI Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/C-1331-2017 OI Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/0000-0001-6190-6082 NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 16 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1687-9309 J9 ADV METEOROL JI Adv. Meteorol. PY 2011 AR 464753 DI 10.1155/2011/464753 PG 3 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 978NM UT WOS:000306749800012 ER PT S AU Zhang, R Tafuri, AN Field, R Yu, SL Zhou, WB Zhang, H AF Zhang, Ru Tafuri, Anthony N. Field, Richard Yu, Shaw L. Zhou, Wenbin Zhang, Hao BE Zhao, JY TI Innovative Stormwater Treatment Implementation at Parking Lot in China SO ADVANCES IN CIVIL ENGINEERING, PTS 1-6 SE Advanced Materials Research LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Civil Engineering and Building Materials (CEBM) CY JUL 29-31, 2011 CL Kunming, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Int Assoc Sci & High Technol DE Stormwater; Non-point Source Pollution (NPS); Best Management Practices (BMPs); Low Impact Development (LID); BioBox; Parking Lot AB Xikeng Reservoir is one of the major water supply reservoirs in Shenzhen. The water quality of Xikeng Reservoir has been poor, with much of the pollution coming from nonpoint sources. An innovative low impact development type of BMP called the BioBox was used at the Administration Building parking lot location, as a research site and demonstration project to show how small alterations to parking lot designs can dramatically decrease pollutant loads. Manual samples were collected during storm events and analyzed for total suspended solids (TSS); five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5); ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), and total phosphorus (TP). In summary, the ranges of removal rates of the BioBox are: TSS 70% - 90%; BOD5 20% - 50%, and ammonia and phosphorus 30% - 70%. The BioBox system effectively reduced the concentrations of pollutants in the parking lot runoff. C1 [Zhang, Ru; Zhou, Wenbin; Zhang, Hao] Nanchang Univ, Key Lab Poyang Lake Ecol & Bioresource Utilizat, Sch Environm & Chem Engn, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, Peoples R China. [Tafuri, Anthony N.; Field, Richard] US Environm Protect Agcy, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Washington, NJ 08837 USA. [Yu, Shaw L.] Univ Virginia, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. RP Zhang, R (reprint author), Nanchang Univ, Key Lab Poyang Lake Ecol & Bioresource Utilizat, Sch Environm & Chem Engn, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, Peoples R China. EM susanzhangru@hotmail.com; Tafuri.Anthony@epa.gov; Field.Richard@.epa.gov; sly@vua.edu; wbzhou@ncu.edu.cn NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 1022-6680 BN 978-3-03785-139-5 J9 ADV MATER RES-SWITZ PY 2011 VL 255-260 BP 2718 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.255-260.2718 PN 1-6 PG 2 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science GA BZT45 UT WOS:000302894901172 ER PT J AU Ekdal, A Tanik, A Ambrose, RB AF Ekdal, A. Tanik, A. Ambrose, R. B., Jr. TI Data inventory and analysis for the application of WASP in a coastal lagoon SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Coastal Symposium (ICS) CY MAY 09-13, 2011 CL Szczecin, POLAND SP Univ Szczecin, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, Coastal Educ & Res Fdn, Univ Szczecinski (US), Cztowiek Nauka Srodowisko (CNS), ZMGM, Reg Dyrekcja Ochrony Srodowiska, Esri, Springer, Lotos, GA2 Syst, World Sci, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Nfosigm, Urzad Marszalkowski Wojewodztwa Zachodniopomorskiego, Wojewodzki Fundusz Ochrony Srodowiska I Gospodarki Wodnej W Gdansku DE Koycegiz - Dalyan Lagoon; Nutrient modeling; Water quality AB Ekdal, A., Tanik, A. and Ambrose, Jr, R. B., 2011. Data inventory and analysis for the application of WASP in a coastal lagoon. Journal of Coastal Research, SI 64 (Proceedings of the 11th International Coastal Symposium), 885 - 889. Szczecin, Poland, ISSN 0749-0208 The main objectives of the study were to apply a water quality model to a complex coastal lagoon system, to evaluate its effectiveness, and to prepare guidelines for future water quality modeling studies in such complex systems as well as emphasizing the difficulties faced in developing countries in regard to data availability. Koycegiz - Dalyan Lagoon was selected as the study area that is located at the southwest of Turkey along the Mediterranean Sea Coast. Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program version 7 (WASP7) eutrophication module (WASP/EUTRO) was determined to be the most appropriate model for the area of concern. The lagoon system is divided into 49 longitudinal segments, since horizontal and vertical salinity gradients exist in the system, each longitudinal segment is divided into two as upper and bottom segments; therefore, 98 segments represent the lagoon system. During the water quality modeling study, 4 sets of simulations were conducted sequentially starting from the simplest complexity level to higher complexity levels in order to better understand the processes and mechanisms that occur in the system. NH3-N, NO3--N, Organic N, Detrital N, PO43--P, Organic P, Detrital P, dissolved oxygen, CBOD, detrital carbon, salinity and phytoplankton were simulated in the study. The approaches taken here could help as a guide and example for other developing countries that aim to conduct water quality modeling studies. The study should encourage researchers to initiate similar modeling studies of other lagoons in the world, where lack of data is considered to be a major handicap. C1 [Ekdal, A.; Tanik, A.] Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Environm Engn, TR-34469 Istanbul, Turkey. [Ambrose, R. B., Jr.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Ekdal, A (reprint author), Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Environm Engn, TR-34469 Istanbul, Turkey. EM ekdala@itu.edu.tr; tanika@itu.edu.tr; rambrose@alum.mit.edu NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 18 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PY 2011 SI 64 BP 885 EP 889 PN 1 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 926IQ UT WOS:000302824900181 ER PT J AU Smyth, HDC Martonen, TB Isaacs, KK Hickey, AJ AF Smyth, H. D. C. Martonen, T. B. Isaacs, K. K. Hickey, A. J. TI Estimation of Particle Deposition in the Airways From Different Inhaler Formulations Using an In Silico Model SO KONA POWDER AND PARTICLE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Aerosol; Metered dose inhalers; hydrofluoroalkane; pMDI; in silico; prediction ID METERED-DOSE INHALER; TRACHEOBRONCHIAL TREE; RESPIRATORY-TRACT; BECLOMETHASONE; SIZE AB The objective of these studies was to evaluate the use of an in silico model for predicting lung deposition of inhaled therapeutic aerosols. A range of input data derived from our own in vitro data and published clinical studies was utilized. The in silico model ran simulations for these propellant driven metered dose inhaler formulations across a range of conditions. Firstly, a range of pressurized metered dose inhaler formulations were evaluated in the in silico model and compared to the in vitro aerosol performance data. Limitations of using in vitro cascade impaction data were observed. Then, using in vivo data from healthy human subjects using metered dose inhalers, lung deposition profiles were compared with the in silico model predictions. Despite differences in oropharyngeal deposition the model predicted lung deposition accurately. We conclude that the in silico model can be applied to various conditions for particulate based inhalation aerosol systems. C1 [Smyth, H. D. C.] Univ Texas Austin, Coll Pharm, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Isaacs, K. K.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hickey, A. J.] Univ N Carolina, Eshelman Sch Pharm, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Smyth, HDC (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Coll Pharm, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM hsmyth@mail.utexas.edu OI Smyth, Hugh/0000-0002-6582-5869 FU NHEERL-UNC DESE [EPA CT829471]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX Disclaimer: K. K. Isaacs was supported by NHEERL-UNC DESE Cooperative training agreement in Environmental Sciences Research, EPA CT829471. The information in this document has been funded wholly (or in part) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent official views of the agency. The paper has been subjected to the agency's review process and has been approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU HOSOKAWA POWDER TECHNOL FOUNDATION PI HIRAKATA-SHI PA NO 9, 1-CHOME, SHOUDAI TAJIKA, HIRAKATA-SHI, OSAKA 573-1132, JAPAN SN 0288-4534 J9 KONA POWDER PART J JI KONA Powder Part. J. PY 2011 IS 29 BP 107 EP 117 PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 923LX UT WOS:000302621900011 ER PT S AU Stokes, WS AF Stokes, William S. GP Annals NY Acad Sci TI Best practices for the use of animals in toxicological research and testing SO ANIMAL MODELS: THEIR VALUE IN PREDICTING DRUG EFFICACY AND TOXICITY SE Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Animal Models and Their Value in Predicting Drug Efficacy and Toxicity CY SEP 15-16, 2011 CL New York, NY DE toxicology; animal welfare; animal models; alternative methods AB Animal models serve an important role in assessing preclinical safety and efficacy of new medicines and vaccines; however, such assessments can involve significant pain and distress and large numbers of animals. Best practice approaches seek to enhance animal well-being, minimize or avoid pain and distress, and use fewer animals. Advances in science and technology are providing opportunities for improved mechanism-based models and integrated safety assessments that will support improved animal welfare and reduce animal use. C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program Interagency Ctr Evaluat Alte, Div Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Stokes, WS (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program Interagency Ctr Evaluat Alte, Div Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, POB 12233,Maildrop K2-16,111 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM Stokes@niehs.nih.gov NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 11 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND SN 0077-8923 BN 978-1-57331-875-4 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 2011 VL 1245 BP 17 EP 20 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06334.x PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BZE80 UT WOS:000301289400007 PM 22211968 ER PT J AU Ke, HN Zhang, JY Akiyama, SK French, JE AF Ke, Hengning Zhang, Jennifer Y. Akiyama, Steven K. French, John E. TI BCL2 interaction with actin in vitro may inhibit cell motility by enhancing actin polymerization SO CELL ADHESION & MIGRATION LA English DT Article DE BCL2; actin polymerization; cell motility; adhesion ID MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; TRANSGENIC MICE; ADHESION; EXPRESSION; OVEREXPRESSION; APOPTOSIS; PROMOTES; SURVIVAL; DIFFERENTIATION; LAMELLIPODIA AB In addition to its well-defined role as an antagonist in apoptosis, we propose that BCL2 may act as an intracellular suppressor of cell motility and adhesion under certain conditions. Our evidence shows that, when overexpressed in both cancer and non-cancer cells, BCL2 can form a complex with actin and gelsolin that functions to decrease gelsolin-severing activity to increase actin polymerization and, thus, suppress cell adhesive processes. The linkage between increased BCL2 and increased actin polymerization on the one hand and suppression of cell adhesion, spreading and motility on the other hand, is a novel observation that may provide a plausible explanation for why BCL2 overexpression in some tumors is correlated with improved patient survival. In addition, we have identified conditions in vitro in which F-actin polymerization can be increased while cell motility is reduced. These findings underscore the possibility that BCL2 may be involved in modulating cytoskeleton reorganization and may provide an opportunity to explore signal transduction pathways important for cell adhesion and migration and to develop small molecule therapies for suppression of cancer metastasis. C1 [French, John E.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Host Susceptibil Branch, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Akiyama, Steven K.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Mol Carcinogenesis, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Ke, Hengning; Zhang, Jennifer Y.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Durham, NC USA. RP French, JE (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Host Susceptibil Branch, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM french@niehs.nih.gov OI Zhang, Jennifer/0000-0002-4485-1750 FU Division of Intramural Research, NIEHS, NIH; NIAMSD, NIH [K01AR051470] FX This manuscript was supported by the Division of Intramural Research, NIEHS, NIH and by NIAMSD, NIH grant K01AR051470 awarded to Dr. Jennifer Y. Zhang. Thanks to Dr. Douglas S. Tyler, Duke University, Durham, NC for providing A2058 melanoma cell lines and to Dr. Christine Sorenson, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, for the generous gift of the mouse Bcl2 deficient cells. We thank Ms. Vineela Gandham for her editing of this manuscript. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 1933-6918 J9 CELL ADHES MIGR JI Celll Adhes. Migr. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 5 IS 1 BP 6 EP 10 DI 10.4161/cam.5.1.13175 PG 5 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 898CG UT WOS:000300712400003 PM 20716950 ER PT S AU Srinivasan, RS Braham, WW Campbell, DP Curcija, CD AF Srinivasan, Ravi S. Braham, William W. Campbell, Daniel P. Curcija, Charlie D. BE Jain, S Creasey, R Himmelspach, J TI ENERGY BALANCE FRAMEWORK FOR NET ZERO ENERGY BUILDINGS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2011 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE (WSC) SE Winter Simulation Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Simulation Conference (WSC)/Conference on Modeling and Analysis for Semiconductor Manufacturing (MASM) CY DEC 11-14, 2011 CL Phoenix, AZ SP Amer Stat Assoc (ASA), Assoc Comp Machinery-Special Interest Grp Simulat (ACM/SIGSIM), Inst Elect & Electron Engineers-Syst, Man, & Cybernet Soc (IEEE/SMC), Inst Ind Engineers (IIE), Inst Operat Res & Management Sci-Simulat Soc (INFORMS-SIM), Natl Inst Stand & Technol (NIST), Soc Modeling & Simulat Int (SCS) ID EMERGY ANALYSIS AB Approaching a Net Zero Energy (NZE) building goal based on current definitions is flawed for two principal reasons - they only deal with energy quantities required for operations, and they do not establish a threshold, which ensures that buildings are optimized for reduced consumption before renewable systems are integrated to obtain an energy balance. This paper develops a method to maximize renewable resource use through emergy (spelled with an "m") analysis. A "Renewable Emergy Balance" (REB) in environmental building design is proposed as a tool to maximize renewable resource use through disinvestment of all non-renewable resources that may be substituted with renewable resources. REB buildings attain a high standing by optimizing building construction over their entire life-span from formation-extraction-manufacturing to maintenance and operation, and material reuse at the end of building life-time. C1 [Srinivasan, Ravi S.] Univ Florida, Coll Design Construct & Planning, ME Rinker Sr Sch Bldg Construct, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Braham, William W.] Univ Penn, Dept Architecture, Sch Design, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Campbell, Daniel P.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Env, Effects Res Lab,Atlant Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Curcija, Charlie D.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Windows & Daylighting Grp, Building Technologies Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Srinivasan, RS (reprint author), Univ Florida, Coll Design Construct & Planning, ME Rinker Sr Sch Bldg Construct, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM sravi@ufl.edu; brahamw@pobox.upenn.edu; Camp-bell.Dan@epamail.epa.gov; dccurcija@lbl.gov NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0891-7736 BN 978-1-4577-2109-0 J9 WINT SIMUL C PROC PY 2011 BP 3360 EP 3372 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BYU80 UT WOS:000300520803057 ER PT J AU Yttri, KE Simpson, D Nojgaard, JK Kristensen, K Genberg, J Stenstrom, K Swietlicki, E Hillamo, R Aurela, M Bauer, H Offenberg, JH Jaoui, M Dye, C Eckhardt, S Burkhart, JF Stohl, A Glasius, M AF Yttri, K. E. Simpson, D. Nojgaard, J. K. Kristensen, K. Genberg, J. Stenstrom, K. Swietlicki, E. Hillamo, R. Aurela, M. Bauer, H. Offenberg, J. H. Jaoui, M. Dye, C. Eckhardt, S. Burkhart, J. F. Stohl, A. Glasius, M. TI Source apportionment of the summer time carbonaceous aerosol at Nordic rural background sites SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; BOREAL FOREST AEROSOLS; PARTICULATE MATTER; WOOD COMBUSTION; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ELEMENTAL CARBON; AMBIENT AEROSOL; MONOSACCHARIDE ANHYDRIDES; PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDATION AB In the present study, natural and anthropogenic sources of particulate organic carbon (OCp) and elemental carbon (EC) have been quantified based on weekly filter samples of PM10 (particles with aerodynamic diameter < 10 mu m) collected at four Nordic rural background sites [Birkenes (Norway), Hyytiala (Finland), Vavihill (Sweden), Lille Valby, (Denmark)] during late summer (5 August-2 September 2009). Levels of source specific tracers, i.e. cellulose, levoglucosan, mannitol and the C-14/C-12 ratio of total carbon (TC), have been used as input for source apportionment of the carbonaceous aerosol, whereas Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) was used to statistically treat the multitude of possible combinations resulting from this approach. The carbonaceous aerosol (here: TCp; i.e. particulate TC) was totally dominated by natural sources (69-86%), with biogenic secondary organic aerosol (BSOA) being the single most important source (48-57%). Interestingly, primary biological aerosol particles (PBAP) were the second most important source (20-32%). The anthropogenic contribution was mainly attributed to fossil fuel sources (OCff and ECff) (10-24%), whereas no more than 3-7% was explained by combustion of biomass (OCbb and ECbb) in this late summer campaign i.e. emissions from residential wood burning and/or wild/agricultural fires. Fossil fuel sources totally dominated the ambient EC loading, which accounted for 4-12% of TCp, whereas < 1.5% of EC was attributed to combustion of biomass. The carbonaceous aerosol source apportionment showed only minor variation between the four selected sites. However, Hyytiala and Birkenes showed greater resemblance to each other, as did Lille Valby and Vavihill, the two latter being somewhat more influenced by anthropogenic sources. Ambient levels of organosulphates and nitrooxy-organosulphates in the Nordic rural background environment are reported for the first time in the present study. The most abundant organosulphate compounds were an organosulphate of isoprene and nitrooxy-organosulphates of alpha- and beta-pinene and limonene. C1 [Yttri, K. E.; Dye, C.; Eckhardt, S.; Burkhart, J. F.; Stohl, A.] Norwegian Inst Air Res, NILU, Kjeller, Norway. [Simpson, D.] Norwegian Meteorol Inst, EMEP MSC W, Oslo, Norway. [Simpson, D.] Chalmers, Dept Earth & Space Sci, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Nojgaard, J. K.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Roskilde, Denmark. [Stenstrom, K.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Chem, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. [Genberg, J.; Stenstrom, K.; Swietlicki, E.] Lund Univ, Dept Phys, Div Nucl Phys, Lund, Sweden. [Hillamo, R.; Aurela, M.] Finnish Meteorol Inst, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland. [Bauer, H.] Vienna Univ Technol, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. [Offenberg, J. H.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Jaoui, M.] Alion Sci & Technol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Yttri, KE (reprint author), Norwegian Inst Air Res, NILU, Kjeller, Norway. EM key@nilu.no RI Simpson, David/A-3313-2009; Stohl, Andreas/A-7535-2008; Yttri, Karl Espen/E-6671-2012; Offenberg, John/C-3787-2009; Swietlicki, Erik/B-9426-2014; Eckhardt, Sabine/I-4001-2012 OI Simpson, David/0000-0001-9538-3208; Stohl, Andreas/0000-0002-2524-5755; Burkhart, John/0000-0002-5587-1693; Glasius, Marianne/0000-0002-4404-6989; Offenberg, John/0000-0002-0213-4024; Eckhardt, Sabine/0000-0001-6958-5375 FU Climate and Air Quality Group; EU [036833-2, RII3-CT-2006-026140]; VILLUM FOUNDATION; UNECE; Norwegian Climate and Pollution Agency; [EP-D-05-065] FX This work was supported by Nordic Council of Ministers, the Climate and Air Quality Group, the EU 6th framework EUCAARI (Contract 036833-2), the VILLUM FOUNDATION and UNECE (the EMEP project). Monitoring of EC/OC at Birkenes was supported by the Norwegian Climate and Pollution Agency, the EU 6th framework EUSAAR (Contract No. RII3-CT-2006-026140). The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development collaborated in the research described here through Contract EP-D-05-065 to Alion Science and Technology. The manuscript has been subjected to internal peer review and has been cleared for publication. NR 84 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 48 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2011 VL 11 IS 24 BP 13339 EP 13357 DI 10.5194/acp-11-13339-2011 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 870KH UT WOS:000298667600044 ER PT J AU Sweeney, K AF Sweeney, Kevin BE Dhang, P TI Present and Future Approaches to Urban Pest Management: a Global Pesticide Regulatory Perspective SO URBAN PEST MANAGEMENT: AN ENVIRONMENTAL PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WOLBACHIA INFECTION; MOSQUITO AB Global demand for pesticide products characterized by low toxicity, short residual life and an increased specificity for the pest(s) is increasing. At the same time, the public desire for highly efficacious products that can eliminate pests efficiently, but without pesticides, or with the use of only 'green' products, is at its height. Future pest control solutions will not come solely from conventional pesticides and/or green pest management practices but also from advances in biotechnology and new applications for nanoparticles. This new paradigm brings challenges to regulatory systems, pesticide developers and pesticide applicators during a time when the emergence and resurgence of urban pest problems and vector-borne diseases throughout the world is intensifying. Precaution will be the underlying theme of pesticide legislative mandates and regulatory agencies, which will take a more conservative approach to pesticide risk and exposure assessments where uncertainty exists. Risks to vulnerable populations such as children and the elderly will be emphasized. Shifts towards precautionary principles will make benefit assessments essential, together with research to support the continued use of pest control products and methods. There is an immediate need to develop benefit models for the control of urban pests. Urban pest management programmes must emphasize sustainable practices that include new approaches, technologies and strategies, and integrated pest or vector management principles and practices to help reduce risks in order to satisfy possible future regulatory mandates. This chapter discusses outlooks and trends for pest management and regulatory policy, and suggests recommendations for meeting future challenges. C1 US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Registrat Div 7505P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Sweeney, K (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Registrat Div 7505P, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM sweeney.kevin@epa.gov NR 90 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 10 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-803-1 PY 2011 BP 207 EP 236 D2 10.1079/9781845938031.0000 PG 30 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BYO42 UT WOS:000299501900015 ER PT J AU Ingwersen, W Young, D Cabezas, H Gonzalez, M Smith, R AF Ingwersen, Wesley Young, Douglas Cabezas, Heriberto Gonzalez, Michael Smith, Raymond GP IEEE TI Sustainable Supply Chain Design for Consumer Products SO 2011 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY (ISSST) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Symposium on Sustainable Systems and Technology (ISSST) CY MAY 16-18, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc Tech Comm Sustainable Syst & Technol, Green Elect Council, EPEAT C1 [Ingwersen, Wesley; Young, Douglas; Cabezas, Heriberto; Gonzalez, Michael; Smith, Raymond] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Ingwersen, W (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-61284-394-0 PY 2011 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BXX53 UT WOS:000297353100025 ER PT J AU Hughes, BB Haskins, JC Wasson, K Watson, E AF Hughes, Brent B. Haskins, John C. Wasson, Kerstin Watson, Elizabeth TI Identifying factors that influence expression of eutrophication in a central California estuary SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article DE Eutrophication; Elkhorn Slough; Hypoxia; Environmental filters; Tidal range; Ulva; Chl a ID GLOBAL NITROGEN-CYCLE; CHESAPEAKE BAY; PHYTOPLANKTON BIOMASS; SALT MARSHES; CONSEQUENCES; HYPOXIA; SEA; ECOSYSTEMS; PROFILES; TRENDS AB Coastal eutrophication models have proposed that various environmental conditions can serve as filters mediating the effects of nutrient loading on coastal ecosystems. Variation in such filters due to natural or anthropogenic causes can potentially lead to varied responses in overall eutrophication expression as well as in individual eutrophication indicators. In this study, we sought to identify factors that affect eutrophication expression at contrasting sites within one nutrient-loaded estuary in central California. We developed and applied a eutrophication expression index to 18 sites in the Elkhorn Slough estuary and then used principal components analysis of environmental drivers (nutrients) and filters to determine how they relate to overall eutrophication expression as well as to individual eutrophication indicators. We also examined the relationship between one key filter, tidal range, and eutrophication indicators. Elkhorn Slough was determined to be a moderately eutrophic estuary, with individual sites varying from being low to hypereutrophic. Eutrophication expression was explained mostly by tidal range, depth, temperature, salinity, distance to estuary mouth, and turbidity, but not by nutrient concentrations. Tidal range in particular correlated strongly with most eutrophication indicators. Sites with artificially dampened tidal range through water control structures were more eutrophic than sites with full tidal exchange. Results from this study emphasize the importance of filters in mediating the negative ecological effects of eutrophication. Coastal managers can decrease eutrophication expression at a local scale by managing for filters (e. g. increasing tidal exchange to managed wetlands), complementing efforts to reduce eutrophication at a regional scale by decreasing nutrient loading. C1 [Hughes, Brent B.; Haskins, John C.; Wasson, Kerstin; Watson, Elizabeth] Elkhorn Slough Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Watsonville, CA 95076 USA. [Hughes, Brent B.; Wasson, Kerstin] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Watson, Elizabeth] US EPA, ORD NHEERL, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Hughes, BB (reprint author), Elkhorn Slough Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Watsonville, CA 95076 USA. EM bbhughes@ucsc.edu FU Monterey County Water Resources Agency (MCWRA); PG&E special projects non-point source pollution grant; Elkhorn Slough Foundation; Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board; California Environmental Protection Agency; Monterey Community Foundation [20060387]; Estuarine Reserve division of the NOAA FX We thank E. Van Dyke for spatial analyses; K. Coale and N. Welschmeyer for use of facilities; S. Tanner for nutrient analysis at Moss Landing Marine Labs; S. Bricker and J. Ferreira for advice on generating the EEI; R. Eby, S. Shaw, J. Hatfield, R. Priesler, and P. Brown for volunteer field support; K. Johnson and J. Plant at the MBARI LOBO program for additional data; W. M. Kemp, R. Preisler, P. Raimondi, and 4 anonymous reviewers for extensive suggestions that greatly strengthened the manuscript and improved Fig. 1; and K. Thomasberg and the Monterey County Water Resources Agency (MCWRA) for long-term financial support for nutrient analyses. This work was funded as part of a PG&E special projects non-point source pollution grant with the Elkhorn Slough Foundation, Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board, California Environmental Protection Agency and the Monterey Community Foundation (Grant # 20060387). This study was also supported by a grant from the Estuarine Reserve division of the NOAA. NR 65 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 6 U2 77 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PY 2011 VL 439 BP 31 EP U71 DI 10.3354/meps09295 PG 25 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 835WR UT WOS:000296068200003 ER PT J AU Ali, G AF Ali, Ghulam TI ARCH, GARCH, and ARMAX Models for Forecasting Pathogen Indicators and Advisories at Marine Recreational Sites SO MARINE RESOURCE ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Autoregressive; moving average; ARMAX; ARCH; AR-ARCH; GARCH; pathogens; Huntington Beach AB Despite the wide ranging applications of time series methodologies for stochastic processes, they have not been used for environmental economics (except climate change). To fill this gap, we introduce time series methodology for the environmental econometrics, presenting autoregressive, moving average, ARCH, GARCH, and ARMAX models. These models are applied to establish a functional relationship between pathogen indicator and meteorological and environmental variables using time series data associated with Huntington Beach, Ohio. According to ARCH, turbidity, dew point, flow, and rainfall are statistically significant variables. Other models produced roughly similar results because of the short lag order Models confirm the lag order of one using Akaike, Schwartz, and Hannan-Quinn selection criteria, reflecting very short memory of the pathogen indicator series. However, the time series did not support GARCH variance structure. These models not only under forecasted observations at both ends of the distribution of the data, but also simultaneously underforecasted advisories. C1 US EPA, Off Water, Off Sci & Technol, Stand & Hlth Protect Div 4305T, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Ali, G (reprint author), US EPA, Off Water, Off Sci & Technol, Stand & Hlth Protect Div 4305T, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM ali.ghulam@epa.gov NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU MRE FOUNDATION, INC PI KINGSTON PA PO BOX 1828, KINGSTON, RI 02881 USA SN 0738-1360 J9 MAR RESOUR ECON JI Mar. Resour. Econ. PY 2011 VL 26 IS 3 BP 211 EP 224 PG 14 WC Economics; Environmental Studies; Fisheries SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries GA 831DS UT WOS:000295709500003 ER PT B AU Hidy, GM Brook, JR Demerjian, KL Molina, LT Scheffe, RD AF Hidy, George M. Brook, Jeffrey R. Demerjian, Kenneth L. Molina, Luisa T. Scheffe, Richard D. BE Hidy, GM Brook, JR Demerjian, KL Molina, LT Pennell, WT Scheffe, RD TI Technical Challenges of Multipollutant Air Quality Management Introduction SO TECHNICAL CHALLENGES OF MULTIPOLLUTANT AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Hidy, George M.] Envair Aerochem, Placitas, NM 87043 USA. [Brook, Jeffrey R.] Environm Canada, Downsview, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. [Demerjian, Kenneth L.] SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, CESTM, Albany, NY 12203 USA. [Molina, Luisa T.] MIT, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Molina, Luisa T.] Molina Ctr Energy & Environm, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Scheffe, Richard D.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hidy, GM (reprint author), Envair Aerochem, 6 Evergreen Dr, Placitas, NM 87043 USA. EM dhidy113@comcast.net; jeff.brook@ec.gc.ca; kld@asrc.cestm.albany.edu; ltmolina@mit.edu; scheffe.rich@epa.gov; dhidy113@comcast.net; jeff.brook@ec.gc.ca; kld@asrc.cestm.albany.edu; ltmolina@mit.edu; scheffe.rich@epa.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-94-007-0303-2 PY 2011 BP 19 EP 22 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-0304-9_2 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-0304-9 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BWM39 UT WOS:000294234100002 ER PT B AU Hidy, GM Brook, JR Demerjian, KL Molina, LT Scheffe, RD AF Hidy, George M. Brook, Jeffrey R. Demerjian, Kenneth L. Molina, Luisa T. Scheffe, Richard D. BE Hidy, GM Brook, JR Demerjian, KL Molina, LT Pennell, WT Scheffe, RD TI Decision-Making Framework for Air Quality Management SO TECHNICAL CHALLENGES OF MULTIPOLLUTANT AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID POLLUTION C1 [Hidy, George M.] Envair Aerochem, Placitas, NM 87043 USA. [Molina, Luisa T.] MIT, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Molina, Luisa T.] Molina Ctr Energy & Environm, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Scheffe, Richard D.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Demerjian, Kenneth L.] SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, CESTM, Albany, NY 12203 USA. [Brook, Jeffrey R.] Environm Canada, Downsview, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. RP Hidy, GM (reprint author), Envair Aerochem, 6 Evergreen Dr, Placitas, NM 87043 USA. EM dhidy113@comcast.net; jeff.brook@ec.gc.ca; kld@asrc.cestm.albany.edu; ltmolina@mit.edu; scheffe.rich@epa.gov; dhidy113@comcast.net; jeff.brook@ec.gc.ca; kld@asrc.cestm.albany.edu; ltmolina@mit.edu; scheffe.rich@epa.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-94-007-0303-2 PY 2011 BP 23 EP 43 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-0304-9_3 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-0304-9 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BWM39 UT WOS:000294234100003 ER PT B AU Hubbell, B Frey, C AF Hubbell, Bryan Frey, Chris BE Hidy, GM Brook, JR Demerjian, KL Molina, LT Pennell, WT Scheffe, RD TI Risk-Based Assessment and Management Framework SO TECHNICAL CHALLENGES OF MULTIPOLLUTANT AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MEXICO-CITY C1 [Hubbell, Bryan] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Frey, Chris] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Civil Construct & Environm Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Hubbell, B (reprint author), US EPA, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail Code C504-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hubbell.bryan@epa.gov; frey@eos.ncsu.edu OI Hubbell, Bryan/0000-0002-7963-3438 NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-94-007-0303-2 PY 2011 BP 45 EP 66 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-0304-9_4 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-0304-9 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BWM39 UT WOS:000294234100004 ER PT B AU Hidy, GM Brook, JR Demerjian, KL Molina, LT Scheffe, RD AF Hidy, George M. Brook, Jeffrey R. Demerjian, Kenneth L. Molina, Luisa T. Scheffe, Richard D. BE Hidy, GM Brook, JR Demerjian, KL Molina, LT Pennell, WT Scheffe, RD TI Toward Risk- and Results-Based Multipollutant Air Quality Management-What's Next? SO TECHNICAL CHALLENGES OF MULTIPOLLUTANT AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID POLLUTION; HEALTH; MORTALITY C1 [Hidy, George M.] Envair Aerochem, Placitas, NM 87043 USA. [Brook, Jeffrey R.] Environm Canada, Downsview, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. [Demerjian, Kenneth L.] SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, CESTM, Albany, NY 12203 USA. [Molina, Luisa T.] MIT, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Molina, Luisa T.] Molina Ctr Energy & Environm, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Scheffe, Richard D.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hidy, GM (reprint author), Envair Aerochem, 6 Evergreen Dr, Placitas, NM 87043 USA. EM dhidy113@comcast.net; jeff.brook@ec.gc.ca; kld@asrc.cestm.albany.edu; ltmolina@mit.edu; scheffe.rich@epa.gov; dhidy113@comcast.net; jeff.brook@ec.gc.ca; kld@asrc.cestm.albany.edu; ltmolina@mit.edu; scheffe.rich@epa.gov NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-94-007-0303-2 PY 2011 BP 505 EP 527 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-0304-9_13 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-0304-9 PG 23 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BWM39 UT WOS:000294234100013 ER PT B AU Hidy, GM Brook, JR Demerjian, KL Molina, LT Scheffe, RI AF Hidy, George M. Brook, Jeffrey R. Demerjian, Kenneth L. Molina, Luisa T. Scheffe, Richard I. BE Hidy, GM Brook, JR Demerjian, KL Molina, LT Pennell, WT Scheffe, RD TI Technical Challenges of Multipollutant Air Quality Management Conclusions and Recommendations SO TECHNICAL CHALLENGES OF MULTIPOLLUTANT AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Hidy, George M.] Envair Aerochem, Placitas, NM 87043 USA. [Brook, Jeffrey R.] Environm Canada, Downsview, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. [Demerjian, Kenneth L.] SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, CESTM, Albany, NY 12203 USA. [Molina, Luisa T.] MIT, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Molina, Luisa T.] Molina Ctr Energy & Environm, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Scheffe, Richard I.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hidy, GM (reprint author), Envair Aerochem, 6 Evergreen Dr, Placitas, NM 87043 USA. EM dhidy113@comcast.net; jeff.brook@ec.gc.ca; kld@asrc.cestm.albany.edu; ltmolina@mit.edu; scheffe.rich@epa.gov; dhidy113@comcast.net; jeff.brook@ec.gc.ca; kld@asrc.cestm.albany.edu; ltmolina@mit.edu NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-94-007-0303-2 PY 2011 BP 529 EP 540 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-0304-9_14 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-0304-9 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BWM39 UT WOS:000294234100014 ER PT S AU Hemming, BL Hagler, GSW AF Hemming, Brooke L. Hagler, Gayle S. W. BE Princiotta, FT TI Geoengineering: Direct Mitigation of Climate Warming SO GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE - THE TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGE SE Advances in Global Change Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LEVEL MARITIME CLOUDS; IRON FERTILIZATION; ALBEDO ENHANCEMENT; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; CARBON; EMISSIONS; OZONE; SINKS; CYCLE; AIR AB With the concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases (GHGs) rising to levels unprecedented in the current glacial epoch, the earth's climate system appears to be rapidly shifting into a warmer regime. Many in the international science and policy communities fear that the fundamental changes in human behavior, and in the global economy, that will be required to meaningfully reduce GHG emissions in the very near term are unattainable. In the 1970s, discussion of "geoengineering," a radical strategy for arresting climate change by intentional, direct manipulation of the Earth's energy balance began to appear in the climate science literature. With growing international concern about the pace of climate change, the scientific and public discourse on the feasibility of geoengineering has recently grown more sophisticated and more energetic. A wide array of potential geoengineering projects have been proposed, ranging from orbiting space mirrors to reduce solar flux to the construction of large networks of processors that directly remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Simple estimates of costs exist, and some discussion of both the potentially negative and "co-beneficial" consequences of these projects can be found in the scientific literature. The critical, missing piece in the discussion of geoengineering as a strategy for managing climate is an integrated evaluation of the downstream costs-versus-benefits inter-comparing all available climate management options, including geoengineering. Our examination of the literature revealed a number of substantial gaps in the knowledge base required for such an evaluation. Therefore, to ensure that the decision framework arising from this analysis is well founded, a focused program of scientific research to fill those gaps is also essential. As with any sound engineering plan, international decisions on how to address human-induced climate warming must be founded on a thoughtful and well-informed analysis of all of the available options. C1 [Hemming, Brooke L.; Hagler, Gayle S. W.] US EPA, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hemming, BL (reprint author), US EPA, Change Res Program, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM hemming.brooke@epa.gov NR 57 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-0919 BN 978-90-481-3152-5 J9 ADV GLOB CHANGE RES JI Adv. Glob. Change Res. PY 2011 VL 38 BP 273 EP 299 DI 10.1007/978-90-481-3153-2_9 D2 10.1007/978-90-481-3153-2 PG 27 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BVY51 UT WOS:000293147500009 ER PT S AU Vijay, S Chikkatur, A AF Vijay, Samudra Chikkatur, Ananth BE Princiotta, FT TI The Role of Technology in Mitigating Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Power Sector in Developing Countries: The Case of China, India, and Mexico SO GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE - THE TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGE SE Advances in Global Change Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID REFORM AB China, India, and Mexico are among the top developing country emitters of CO2. The electric power sectors in China and India is dominated by coal-fired power plants, whereas fuel oil and natural gas are the key fossil fuels in Mexico. Spurred by economic development and population growth, demand for electricity in these countries is expected to continue to rise. Meeting this increased demand will have a significant impact on emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG). While available portfolio of generation and mitigation technologies may not suffice to arrest the growth of emissions, it can help reduce the rate of emissions growth. To achieve significant reductions, multiple approaches are required, such as reducing demand by adopting end-use efficiency improvement measures, accelerating the deployment of renewable and nuclear power, and adopting cleaner more efficient generation technologies. Retrofitting the existing fleet to meet strengthened environmental standards, and accelerated fleet-turnover, coupled with adoption of state-of-the-art high efficiency generation technologies, such as supercritical and ultra-supercritical boilers and advanced combined-cycle gas turbines, should play an important role in meeting the increasing demand with the least amount of GHG emissions. In parallel, significant R&D efforts will have to be undertaken to adapt off-the-shelf generation technologies to suit local needs. In the medium to long term, developed countries will need to provide financial and technical support for these countries and partner with them to develop, design, demonstrate, and deploy technologies for capturing and sequestering carbon dioxide. C1 [Vijay, Samudra] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Vijay, Samudra] Sam Analyt Solut LLC, Morrisville, NC 27560 USA. [Chikkatur, Ananth] Harvard Univ, John F Kennedy Sch Govt, Belfer Ctr Sci & Int Affairs, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chikkatur, Ananth] ICF Int, Fairfax, VA 22031 USA. RP Vijay, S (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM sam@samanalyticsolutions.com; ap_chikkatur@yahoo.com NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-0919 BN 978-90-481-3152-5 J9 ADV GLOB CHANGE RES JI Adv. Glob. Change Res. PY 2011 VL 38 BP 345 EP 375 DI 10.1007/978-90-481-3153-2_11 D2 10.1007/978-90-481-3153-2 PG 31 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BVY51 UT WOS:000293147500011 ER PT S AU Miller, CA Gage, CL AF Miller, C. Andrew Gage, Cynthia L. BE Princiotta, FT TI Potential Adverse Environmental Impacts of Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Strategies SO GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE - THE TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGE SE Advances in Global Change Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID INDOOR-AIR-QUALITY; LIFE-CYCLE; UNITED-STATES; ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS; INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT; GENETIC-MODIFICATION; ENERGY-CONSERVATION; HYDROGEN ECONOMY; GLOBAL CLIMATE; CARBON CAPTURE AB The Fourth Assessment Report released by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 2007 was unequivocal in its message that warming of the global climate system is now occurring, and found, with "very high confidence" that it was "very likely" that the observed warming was due to anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). To address the problem, the IPCC developed an outline of approaches to reduce GHG emissions to desired levels. The expected changes in technologies and practices needed to mitigate emissions of GHGs will lead to changes in the impacts to the environment associated with energy production and use. Some of these changes will be beneficial, but others will not. This chapter identifies some of the potential environmental impacts (other than the intended mitigation of climate change) of implementing GHG mitigation strategies, but will not attempt to quantify those impacts or their costs. Included are discussions of the impacts of implementing energy efficiency and conservation measures, fuel switching in the power generation sector, nuclear and renewable energy, carbon capture and storage, use of biofuels and natural gas for transportation fuels, and hydrogen and electricity for transportation energy. Environmental impacts addressed include changes in air emissions of nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter; impacts to water quality and quantity; increased mining of coal to meet the power demands of carbon capture systems and of metals to meet demands for vehicle batteries; and impacts to ecosystems associated with biofuel production and siting of other renewable energy systems. C1 [Miller, C. Andrew; Gage, Cynthia L.] US EPA, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Miller, CA (reprint author), US EPA, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM miller.andy@epa.gov NR 146 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-0919 BN 978-90-481-3152-5 J9 ADV GLOB CHANGE RES JI Adv. Glob. Change Res. PY 2011 VL 38 BP 377 EP 415 DI 10.1007/978-90-481-3153-2_12 D2 10.1007/978-90-481-3153-2 PG 39 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BVY51 UT WOS:000293147500012 ER PT J AU Krzyzynska, R Zhao, YX Hutson, ND AF Krzyzynska, Renata Zhao, Yongxin Hutson, Nick D. TI Bench- and Pilot-scale Investigation of Integrated Removal of Sulphur Dioxide, Nitrogen Oxides and Mercury in a Wet Limestone Scrubber SO ROCZNIK OCHRONA SRODOWISKA LA English DT Article C1 [Krzyzynska, Renata] Wroclaw Univ Technol, PL-50370 Wroclaw, Poland. [Hutson, Nick D.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Krzyzynska, R (reprint author), Wroclaw Univ Technol, PL-50370 Wroclaw, Poland. FU U.S. EPA (Office of Air and Radiation (OAR)); U.S. EPA (Office of Research and Development (ORD)); Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education FX This work was supported by funding from the U.S. EPA (Office of Air and Radiation (OAR) and Office of Research and Development (ORD)) and by Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (by means for scientific projects in the years 2010 divided by 2012 as a research project). NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU MIDDLE POMERANIAN SCI SOC ENV PROT PI KOSZALIN PA KOLLATAJA 1-1, KOSZALIN, 75-448, POLAND SN 1506-218X J9 ROCZ OCHR SR JI Rocz. Ochr. Sr. PY 2011 VL 13 BP 29 EP 49 PN 1 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 805WO UT WOS:000293760100001 ER PT J AU Covello, VT AF Covello, Vincent T. BE Brenner, GH Bush, DH Moses, J TI Principles of Risk Communication SO CREATING SPIRITUAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL RESILIENCE: INTEGRATING CARE IN DISASTER RELIEF WORK LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PERCEPTION C1 [Covello, Vincent T.] Ctr Risk Commun, New York, NY 10022 USA. [Covello, Vincent T.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Covello, Vincent T.] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. [Covello, Vincent T.] Columbia Univ, Fac Med, New York, NY USA. RP Covello, VT (reprint author), Ctr Risk Commun, New York, NY 10022 USA. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROUTLEDGE PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND BN 978-0-20386-953-6 PY 2011 BP 39 EP 74 PG 36 WC Psychology, Clinical; Social Work; Religion SC Psychology; Social Work; Religion GA BUP96 UT WOS:000290017600006 ER PT J AU Ehrenfeld, JG Palta, M Stander, E AF Ehrenfeld, Joan G. Palta, Monica Stander, Emilie BE Douglas, I Goode, D Houck, M Wang, R TI Wetlands in urban environments SO ROUTLEDGE HANDBOOK OF URBAN ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CAROLINA COASTAL ESTUARIES; EXOTIC SPECIES INVASION; NORTHEASTERN NEW-JERSEY; WHITE CEDAR WETLANDS; SALT-MARSH SEDIMENTS; FRESH-WATER WETLAND; ADJACENT LAND-USE; FORESTED WETLANDS; RIPARIAN FOREST; RURAL GRADIENT C1 [Ehrenfeld, Joan G.; Palta, Monica] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Nat Resources, SEBS, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Stander, Emilie] US EPA, Urban Watershed Management Branch, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. RP Ehrenfeld, JG (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Nat Resources, SEBS, 14 Coll Farm Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. NR 88 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU ROUTLEDGE PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND BN 978-1-13688-341-5 PY 2011 BP 338 EP 351 PG 14 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Urban Studies GA BUU51 UT WOS:000290380300031 ER PT J AU Mahendra, A AF Mahendra, Anjali BE Dimitriou, HT Gakenheimer, R TI Options for travel demand management: traffic bans versus pricing SO URBAN TRANSPORT IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD: A HANDBOOK OF POLICY AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CITIES C1 [Mahendra, Anjali] ICF Int, Fairfax, VA 22031 USA. [Mahendra, Anjali] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Mahendra, Anjali] World Bank, Washington, DC USA. [Mahendra, Anjali] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. [Mahendra, Anjali] Transportat Res Board, Washington, DC USA. [Mahendra, Anjali] World Business Council Sustainable Dev, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Mahendra, A (reprint author), ICF Int, Fairfax, VA 22031 USA. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD PI CHELTENHAM PA GLENSANDA HOUSE, MONTPELLIER PARADE, CHELTENHAM GL50 1UA, GLOS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84720-205-5 PY 2011 BP 519 EP 547 PG 29 WC Transportation; Urban Studies SC Transportation; Urban Studies GA BUE17 UT WOS:000288992500019 ER PT B AU Johnson, JL Hrynkow, S AF Johnson, Joy L. Hrynkow, Sharon BE Kirst, M SchaeferMcDaniel, N Hwang, S OCampo, P TI Funding Agencies and Transdisciplinary Research SO CONVERGING DISCIPLINES: A TRANSDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH APPROACH TO URBAN HEALTH PROBLEMS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Johnson, Joy L.] Univ British Columbia, Canadian Inst Hlth Res, Inst Gender & Hlth, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Johnson, Joy L.] Univ British Columbia, Sch Nursing, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Hrynkow, Sharon] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Johnson, JL (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Canadian Inst Hlth Res, Inst Gender & Hlth, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4419-6329-1 PY 2011 BP 149 EP 160 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-6330-7_11 D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-6330-7 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Urban Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Urban Studies GA BSN40 UT WOS:000285021000011 ER PT S AU Darling, JA AF Darling, John A. BE Galil, BS Clark, PF Carlton, JT TI More than One Way to Invade: Lessons from Genetic Studies of Carcinus Shore Crabs SO IN THE WRONG PLACE - ALIEN MARINE CRUSTACEANS: DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGY AND IMPACTS SE Invading Nature-Springer Series in Invasion Ecology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID EUROPEAN GREEN CRAB; MULTIPLE INTRODUCTIONS; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; POPULATION-GENETICS; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; SPECIES INVASIONS; CRYPTIC INVASIONS; GENUS CARCINUS; MAENAS; DIVERSITY AB The European green crab Carcinus maenas is one of the world's most widely recognized marine invaders. The success of this species has provided opportunities to explore genetic patterns associated with establishment and population expansion following independent introduction events to widely different recipient ecosystems. Recent studies have revealed an extraordinary diversity of such patterns. Globally, genetic reconstruction of invasion histories suggests complicated scenarios comprising multiple introductions to some regions as well as secondary introductions deriving from previously established invasive populations. In addition, detailed genetic analyses of several introduced populations indicate that successful invasion may involve rapid expansion from single low diversity founder populations, multiple introductions from genetically distinct sources with subsequent intraspecific admixture, or even interspecific hybridization between C. maenas and its sibling species C. aestuarii. The complexity of this global picture highlights the contingent nature of individual biological invasion events. Nevertheless, genetic study of non-native Carcinus populations provides crucial insights into invasion dynamics relevant to green crab management and control, and offers an unusually rich system within which to explore the genetic consequences of colonizations and range expansions in coastal marine ecosystems. C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Darling, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM darling.john@epa.gov NR 68 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1874-7809 BN 978-94-007-0590-6 J9 INVAD NAT SPRING SER JI Invading Nat.-Springer Ser. Invasion Ecol. PY 2011 VL 6 BP 661 EP 685 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-0591-3_24 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-0591-3 PG 25 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BWJ05 UT WOS:000293984800024 ER PT J AU Rogers, KR Gary, RK AF Rogers, Kim R. Gary, Ronald K. BE Mascini, M Palchetti, I TI Nucleic Acid-based Biosensors for the Detection of DNA Damage SO NUCLEIC ACID BIOSENSORS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION MONITORING LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; WHOLE-CELL BIOSENSOR; WASTE-WATER SAMPLES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GENOTOXIC COMPOUNDS; TOXICITY ANALYSIS; STRANDED-DNA; ASSAY; INTERCALATION; CONSTRUCTION C1 [Rogers, Kim R.] US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Gary, Ronald K.] Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RP Rogers, KR (reprint author), US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84973-269-7 PY 2011 BP 99 EP 120 D2 10.1039/9781849732697 PG 22 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical; Engineering, Environmental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Engineering GA BWC64 UT WOS:000293462900007 ER PT B AU Petri, BG Watts, RJ Teel, AL Huling, SG Brown, RA AF Petri, Benjamin G. Watts, Richard J. Teel, Amy L. Huling, Scott G. Brown, Richard A. BE Siegrist, RL Crimi, M Simpkin, TJ TI FUNDAMENTALS OF ISCO USING HYDROGEN PEROXIDE SO IN SITU CHEMICAL OXIDATION FOR GROUNDWATER REMEDIATION SE SERDP ESTCP Remediation Technology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Petri, Benjamin G.] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Watts, Richard J.; Teel, Amy L.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Huling, Scott G.] US EPA, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Brown, Richard A.] Environm Resources Management, Technol Dev, Ewing, NJ 08618 USA. RP Petri, BG (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 0 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4419-7825-7 J9 SERDP ESTCP REMEDIAT PY 2011 BP 33 EP 88 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7826-4_2 D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-7826-4 PG 56 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BUN93 UT WOS:000289869300002 ER PT B AU Clayton, WS Petri, BG Huling, SG AF Clayton, Wilson S. Petri, Benjamin G. Huling, Scott G. BE Siegrist, RL Crimi, M Simpkin, TJ TI FUNDAMENTALS OF ISCO USING OZONE SO IN SITU CHEMICAL OXIDATION FOR GROUNDWATER REMEDIATION SE SERDP ESTCP Remediation Technology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Clayton, Wilson S.] Aquifer Solut Inc, Evergreen, CO 80439 USA. [Petri, Benjamin G.] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Huling, Scott G.] US EPA, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP Clayton, WS (reprint author), Aquifer Solut Inc, Evergreen, CO 80439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4419-7825-7 J9 SERDP ESTCP REMEDIAT PY 2011 BP 193 EP 232 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7826-4_5 D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-7826-4 PG 40 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BUN93 UT WOS:000289869300005 ER PT B AU Munakata-Marr, J Sorenson, KS Petri, BG Cummings, JB AF Munakata-Marr, Junko Sorenson, Kent S., Jr. Petri, Benjamin G. Cummings, James B. BE Siegrist, RL Crimi, M Simpkin, TJ TI PRINCIPLES OF COMBINING ISCO WITH OTHER IN SITU REMEDIAL APPROACHES SO IN SITU CHEMICAL OXIDATION FOR GROUNDWATER REMEDIATION SE SERDP ESTCP Remediation Technology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; ACTIVATED PERSULFATE OXIDATION; OIL CONTAMINATED SOIL; TERT-BUTYL ETHER; FENTONS REAGENT; INDIGENOUS MICROORGANISMS; BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; REDUCTIVE DECHLORINATION; POTASSIUM-PERMANGANATE C1 [Munakata-Marr, Junko] Colorado Sch Mines, Environm Sci & Engn Div, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Sorenson, Kent S., Jr.] CDM, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Cummings, James B.] US EPA, Off Solid Waste Emergency Response, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Munakata-Marr, J (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Environm Sci & Engn Div, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 105 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4419-7825-7 J9 SERDP ESTCP REMEDIAT PY 2011 BP 285 EP 317 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7826-4_7 D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-7826-4 PG 33 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BUN93 UT WOS:000289869300007 ER PT J AU Rowe, MD Fairall, CW Perlinger, JA AF Rowe, M. D. Fairall, C. W. Perlinger, J. A. TI Chemical sensor resolution requirements for near-surface measurements of turbulent fluxes SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GASEOUS DRY DEPOSITION; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; WATER EXCHANGE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; FOREST; PARAMETERIZATION; GAS; DISJUNCT; MERCURY AB Businger and Delany (1990) presented an approach to estimate the sensor resolution required to limit the contribution of the uncertainty in the chemical concentration measurement to uncertainty in the flux measurement to 10% for eddy covariance, gradient, and relaxed eddy accumulation flux measurement methods. We describe an improvement to their approach to estimate required sensor resolution for the covariance method, and include disjunct eddy covariance. In addition, we provide data to support selection of a form for the dimensionless scalar standard deviation similarity function based on observations of the variance of water vapor fluctuations from recent field experiments. We also redefine the atmospheric parameter of Businger and Delany in a more convenient, dimensionless form. We introduce a "chemical parameter" based on transfer velocity parameterizations. Finally, we provide examples in which the approach is applied to measurement of carbon dioxide, dimethylsulfide, and hexachlorobenzene fluxes over water. The information provided here will be useful to plan field measurements of atmosphere-surface exchange fluxes of trace gases. C1 [Rowe, M. D.; Perlinger, J. A.] Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Fairall, C. W.] NOAA, ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. RP Rowe, MD (reprint author), US EPA, 9311 Groh Rd, Grosse Ile, MI 48138 USA. EM rowe.mark@epa.gov OI Rowe, Mark/0000-0002-0852-3346 FU NOAA; NOAA Climate Observations Division FX C. Fairall's contributions are supported by the NOAA Health of the Atmosphere Program and the NOAA Climate Observations Division. NR 48 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 18 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2011 VL 11 IS 11 BP 5263 EP 5275 DI 10.5194/acp-11-5263-2011 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 777PT UT WOS:000291636400010 ER PT S AU Wikoff, DS Birnbaum, L AF Wikoff, Daniele Staskal Birnbaum, Linda BE Eljarrat, E Barcelo, D TI Human Health Effects of Brominated Flame Retardants SO BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS SE Handbook of Environmental Chemistry Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Endocrine disruption; Hexabromocyclododecane; Polybrominated diphenyl ether; Tetrabromobisphenol A; Thyroid hormones ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; THYROID-HORMONE RECEPTOR; ADRENOCORTICAL CARCINOMA-CELLS; SALMONELLA MUTAGENICITY TESTS; HUMAN NEUTROPHIL GRANULOCYTES; ONE-GENERATION REPRODUCTION; FREE-RADICAL FORMATION; TETRABROMOBISPHENOL-A; IN-VITRO; HEXABROMOCYCLODODECANE HBCD AB In this chapter, we review human health effects associated with the brominated flame retardants (BFRs) that have constituted the overwhelming majority of BFR production and subsequent exposure in humans. These include tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), and three commercial mixtures of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), or biphenyl oxides, which are known as decabromodiphenyl ether (DecaBDE), octabromodiphenyl ether (OctaBDE), and pentabromodiphenyl ether (PentaBDE). The primary endpoint of concern appears to be endocrine disruption. Other potential effects include hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity, the later particularly during development. While the toxicological database for these chemicals is growing, further research is needed to understand potential health effects associated with less-studied PBDE congeners, examine the potential carcinogenicity of HBCD and TBBPA, and investigate the overall toxicity of a number of developing alternative BFRs. The increasing contamination of the environment and people by BFRs coupled with clear evidence of adverse health effects resulting from their exposure highlights the importance of identifying emerging issues and data gaps to fully understand the human health risks. C1 [Wikoff, Daniele Staskal] ToxStrategies, Austin, TX 78731 USA. [Birnbaum, Linda] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Durham, NC USA. RP Wikoff, DS (reprint author), ToxStrategies, 3420 Execut Ctr Dr,Suite 114, Austin, TX 78731 USA. EM dstaskal@toxstrategies.com NR 130 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 22 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1433-6863 BN 978-3-642-19268-5 J9 HANDB ENVIRON CHEM JI Handb. Environ. Chem. PY 2011 VL 16 BP 19 EP 53 DI 10.1007/698_2010_97 D2 10.1007/978-3-642-19269-2 PG 35 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BVE65 UT WOS:000291322400002 ER PT B AU Posthuma, L Suter, GW AF Posthuma, Leo Suter, Glenn W. BE Swartjes, FA TI Ecological Risk Assessment of Diffuse and Local Soil Contamination Using Species Sensitivity Distributions SO DEALING WITH CONTAMINATED SITES: FROM THEORY TOWARDS PRACTICAL APPLICATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CONCENTRATION ADDITION; INDEPENDENT ACTION; QUALITY CRITERIA; TOXIC PRESSURE; HEAVY-METALS; CHEMICALS; MIXTURES; ECOSYSTEMS; STANDARDS; POLLUTION AB Ecological Risk Assessment related to soil contamination requires a conceptual framework and practical tools to support Risk Management. The conceptual framework is provided by the Risk Assessment paradigm, which means that risks are assessed based on an Exposure Assessment and an Effect Assessment step. Current practical tools to appraise soil quality by Ecological Risk Assessment are: (1) comparison of soil contaminant concentrations to ecological Soil Quality Standards; (2) quantification of ecological risks by modeling; (3) quantification of impacts in bioassays or in field monitoring; and (4) quantification of ecological risks by weight-of-evidence approaches. The present chapter concerns the theory and practices of Effect Assessment and risk modeling using Species Sensitivity Distributions (SSDs), and similar Functional Sensitivity Distributions (FSDs). SSD- and FSD-based Risk Assessment outputs are used for the appraisal of soil quality, soil protection and the management of (slightly and highly) contaminated sites, for both the upper soil and the groundwater. For the appraisal of soil and soil protection, one can derive Hazardous Concentrations (HCs) for individual contaminants, which are estimates of the concentration of a chemical that would affect a defined fraction of species. Likewise, one can derive Hazard Potentials (HPs) for contaminated soil samples, which represent effects levels for a certain fraction of the tested soil species when exposed in such a soil. This chapter introduces the theory of SSDs and illustrates the types of practical applications of SSD-based effect and risk models in all four of the aforementioned types of tools. Since Risk Assessment requires assessments of exposure as well as effects, the chapter also discusses Exposure Assessments for SSDs. Practical software models and database tools are described, to support easy application of SSDs in practice. Through the examples, the reader is informed on a multitude of useful options for SSD-based assessment. SSD-modeling is versatile, and can be of use to a range of soil contamination problems, from diffuse contamination in large areas to local contamination hot spots. C1 [Posthuma, Leo] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Dept Soil, Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Suter, Glenn W.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Posthuma, L (reprint author), Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Dept Soil, Bilthoven, Netherlands. EM leo.posthuma@rivm.nl; suter.glenn@epa.gov NR 90 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-90-481-9756-9 PY 2011 BP 625 EP 691 DI 10.1007/978-90-481-9757-6_14 D2 10.1007/978-90-481-9757-6 PG 67 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BTG62 UT WOS:000286907000014 ER PT S AU Burgess, RM Ho, KT Biales, AD Brack, W AF Burgess, Robert M. Ho, Kay T. Biales, Adam D. Brack, Werner BE Brack, W TI Recent Developments in Whole Sediment Toxicity Identification Evaluations: Innovations in Manipulations and Endpoints SO EFFECT-DIRECTED ANALYSIS OF COMPLEX ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION SE Handbook of Environmental Chemistry Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Bioavailability; Genomics; Pesticides; Supercritical fluid extraction; Toxicity identification evaluation; Whole sediment ID SUPERCRITICAL-FLUID EXTRACTION; CARBON-DIOXIDE EXTRACTION; PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES; GENE-EXPRESSION; PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE; EVALUATION TOOLS; ORGANOPHOSPHATE INSECTICIDES; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; WATER DESORPTION; HYALELLA-AZTECA AB Whole sediment toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) methods were developed primarily in the late 1990s and early 2000s in research programs dedicated to developing manipulations and endpoints to characterize and identify causes of toxicity to benthic freshwater and marine organisms. The focus of these methods included nonionic organic contaminants, cationic and anionic metals, and ammonia. This chapter discusses innovations in whole sediment TIE manipulations and endpoints developed primarily over the last 10 years. Innovations such as the use of supercritical fluid extraction as a Phase III manipulation, Phase II methods for identifying pyrethroid, organophosphate, and carbamate pesticides, and the integration of genomic endpoints into the TIE structure are described. In North America, recently implemented environmental regulations require the diagnosis and identification of environmental stressors as part of the total maximum daily loading process. These regulations are likely to result in an increase in the conduct of whole sediments TIEs and encourage the development and application of more innovations. C1 [Burgess, Robert M.; Ho, Kay T.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Biales, Adam D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Brack, Werner] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Effects Directed Anal, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany. RP Burgess, RM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM burgess.robert@epa.gov NR 80 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1433-6863 BN 978-3-642-18383-6 J9 HANDB ENVIRON CHEM JI Handb. Environ. Chem. PY 2011 VL 15 BP 19 EP 40 DI 10.1007/978-3-642-18384-3_2 D2 10.1007/978-3-642-18384-3 PG 22 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BVE66 UT WOS:000291322800002 ER PT B AU Sen, KY AF Sen, Keya BE Sen, K Ashbolt, NJ TI The Needle in a Haystack: Detection of Microbes in Source and Drinking Water by Molecular Methods SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY: CURRENT TECHNOLOGY AND WATER APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID REAL-TIME PCR; SEQUENCE-BASED AMPLIFICATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; ASSISTED-LASER-DESORPTION/IONIZATION; IONIZATION-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HEPATITIS-A VIRUS; TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM OOCYSTS; NUCLEIC-ACID AMPLIFICATION AB Molecular techniques based on genomics, proteomics and transcriptomics are rapidly growing as complete microbial genome sequences are becoming available, and advances are made in sequencing technology, analytical biochemistry, microfluidics and data analysis. While the clinical and food industries are increasingly adapting these techniques, there appear to be major challenges in detecting health-related microbes in source and treated drinking waters. This is due in part to the low density of pathogens in water, necessitating the processing of significantly large volume samples. In this chapter, the state-of-the-art techniques available for pathogen detection and characterization from water are discussed. From the vast panorama of available techniques, only those that are finding a place in the water industry are presented. Quantitative PCR is the prime focus of this chapter, along with protein detection and immunological approaches, with other molecular techniques such as loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and microarrays being the focus of other chapters. A detailed section on future trends is also included. C1 US EPA, Amer Soc Microbiol, Off Water, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Sen, KY (reprint author), US EPA, Amer Soc Microbiol, Off Water, Cincinnati, OH USA. EM sen.keya@epa.gov NR 142 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA 32 HEWITTS LANE, WYMONDHAM NR 18 0JA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-904455-70-7 PY 2011 BP 1 EP 38 PG 38 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA BRX03 UT WOS:000283818300001 ER PT B AU Lindquist, HDA AF Lindquist, H. D. Alan BE Sen, K Ashbolt, NJ TI Taking the Hay Out of the Haystack: Collecting and Processing Water Samples SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY: CURRENT TECHNOLOGY AND WATER APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID REAL-TIME PCR; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM OOCYSTS; SEPARATION CHANNEL CENTRIFUGATION; HOLLOW-FIBER ULTRAFILTRATION; COATED PARAMAGNETIC BEADS; FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GIARDIA-LAMBLIA CYSTS; HUMAN ENTERIC VIRUSES; DRINKING-WATER; IMMUNOMAGNETIC SEPARATION AB Methods for the detection of microorganisms in drinking or source water invariably involve the collection of a water sample and some treatment to reduce the volume of that sample. Numerous methods have been developed for water sample collection and subsequent treatment of this collected sample, including filtration, sedimentation, and attraction of the microorganisms of interest to various molecules or substrates. Once the sample volume has been reduced, it is imperative to remove some of the non-target elements of the sample, as these substances generally interfere with the detection of microorganisms. Application of many molecular technologies for sample treatment involves a further step of extraction of genetic material from the microorganisms. Although mechanisms and techniques have been devised for each part of the sample collection and treatment process, there is considerable room for improvement. C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Water Infrastruct Protect Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Lindquist, HDA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Water Infrastruct Protect Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM lindquist.alan@epa.gov NR 101 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA 32 HEWITTS LANE, WYMONDHAM NR 18 0JA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-904455-70-7 PY 2011 BP 39 EP 64 PG 26 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA BRX03 UT WOS:000283818300002 ER PT B AU Shanks, OC McLellan, S Huse, SM Sogin, ML AF Shanks, Orin C. McLellan, Sandra Huse, Susan M. Sogin, Mitchell L. BE Sen, K Ashbolt, NJ TI Characterization of Microbial Community Structures in Recreational Waters and Primary Sources of Faecal Pollution with a Next-generation Sequencing Approach SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY: CURRENT TECHNOLOGY AND WATER APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; REAL-TIME PCR; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE PCR; HUMAN GUT MICROBIOTA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GENETIC-MARKERS; SOURCE TRACKING; SOURCE IDENTIFICATION; NONPOINT SOURCES; NEARSHORE WATER AB The invention of new approaches to DNA sequencing commonly referred to as next generation sequencing technologies is revolutionizing the study of microbial diversity. In this chapter, we discuss the characterization of microbial population structures in surface waters and potentially contributing faecal sources using a GS-FLX pyrosequencer. An overview of the principals of the technology, workflow, sequencing strategies, and data analysis challenges are included. In addition, the bacterial population structure of an untreated wastewater sewage sample is reported and discussed to demonstrate a pyrosequencing approach for studying a microbial community. Emphasis is placed on the application of pyrosequencing technology for recreational water quality management including the discovery of alternative indicators of faecal pollution and improving the link between faecal pollution and the transmission of waterborne disease. C1 [Shanks, Orin C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [McLellan, Sandra] Great Lakes WATER Inst, Milwaukee, WI USA. [Huse, Susan M.; Sogin, Mitchell L.] Marine Biol Lab, Josephine Bay Paul Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP Shanks, OC (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM shanks.orin@epa.gov; mclellan@uwm.edu; shuse@mbl.edu; sogine@mbl.edu NR 104 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 9 PU CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA 32 HEWITTS LANE, WYMONDHAM NR 18 0JA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-904455-70-7 PY 2011 BP 203 EP 223 PG 21 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA BRX03 UT WOS:000283818300009 ER PT B AU Domingo, JWS Lamendella, R Ashbolt, NJ AF Domingo, Jorge W. Santo Lamendella, Regina Ashbolt, Nicholas J. BE Sen, K Ashbolt, NJ TI Microbial Source Tracking: Current and Future Molecular Tools in Microbial Water Quality Forensics SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY: CURRENT TECHNOLOGY AND WATER APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HUMAN FECAL POLLUTION; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; REAL-TIME PCR; BACTERIAL SOURCE TRACKING; MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME ARRANGEMENTS; ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE ANALYSIS; RIBONUCLEIC-ACID COLIPHAGES; LIBRARY-INDEPENDENT MARKERS; SWINE PRODUCTION FACILITIES AB Regulations in the United States and elsewhere stipulate that drinking and recreational waters should be regularly monitored for microbial indicators of faecal pollution. Hence, the health risks associated with these waters are determined using microbial surrogates rather than by direct pathogen detection. Detecting pathogens may seem more appropriate, however, pathogens are difficult to enumerate since they are often present in environmental samples in very low numbers that still present health concerns and may take several days to weeks to detect, lessening their value for risk management. In this chapter, we discuss the use of molecular methods that attempt to track faecal sources of pollution in environmental waters and discuss their role in environmental monitoring and management. A general description of the most commonly used methods is provided, and where appropriate, some of the advantages and limitations are highlighted. The use of genomic technologies to develop new methods and to fill existing research gaps in microbial source tracking (MST) is also discussed. As clear from other chapters of this book, the field of environmental microbiology is undergoing a fundamental change through the development of tools that can describe the molecular diversity of microbial populations relevant to environmental faecal pollution. While this is a dynamic field, emphasis is placed on culture-independent methods relying on DNA-based targets that currently dominate the scientific literature. C1 [Domingo, Jorge W. Santo] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Water Supply & Water Resources Div,Microbial Cont, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Lamendella, Regina] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ashbolt, Nicholas J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Microbiol & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Domingo, JWS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Water Supply & Water Resources Div,Microbial Cont, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM santodomingo.jorge@epa.gov; rlamendella@lbl.gov; ashbolt.nick@epa.gov; ashbolt.nick@epa.gov NR 173 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 13 PU CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA 32 HEWITTS LANE, WYMONDHAM NR 18 0JA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-904455-70-7 PY 2011 BP 225 EP 250 PG 26 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA BRX03 UT WOS:000283818300010 ER PT S AU Fox, TR Miller, BW Rubilar, R Stape, JL Albaugh, TJ AF Fox, Thomas R. Miller, Bradley W. Rubilar, Rafael Stape, Jose L. Albaugh, Timothy J. BE Bunemann, EK Oberson, A Frossard, E TI Phosphorus Nutrition of Forest Plantations: The Role of Inorganic and Organic Phosphorus SO PHOSPHORUS IN ACTION: BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN SOIL PHOSPHORUS CYCLING SE Soil Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SOUTHERN PINE PLANTATIONS; ROTATION RADIATA PINE; LOBLOLLY-PINE; SOIL-PHOSPHORUS; PHOSPHATASE-ACTIVITY; UNITED-STATES; EUCALYPT PLANTATIONS; ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; HEDLEY FRACTIONATION C1 [Fox, Thomas R.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Miller, Bradley W.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Land Remediat & Pollut Control Div, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. [Rubilar, Rafael] Univ Concepcion, Fac Ciencias Forestales, Dept Silvicultura, Concepcion, Chile. [Stape, Jose L.; Albaugh, Timothy J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Fox, TR (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, 228 Cheatham Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. NR 164 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 11 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1613-3382 BN 978-3-642-15270-2 J9 SOIL BIOL JI Soil Biol. PY 2011 VL 26 BP 317 EP 338 DI 10.1007/978-3-642-15271-9_13 D2 10.1007/978-3-642-15271-9 PG 22 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BSL41 UT WOS:000284856400013 ER PT J AU Sarofim, MC Reilly, JM AF Sarofim, Marcus C. Reilly, John M. TI Applications of integrated assessment modeling to climate change SO WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article ID GREENHOUSE GASES; POLICY; STABILIZATION; EMISSIONS; MITIGATION; SCENARIOS; IMPACTS; ADAPTATION; ECONOMICS; IPCC AB Climate change studies are often interdisciplinary by nature, incorporating many domains of science, economics, and political theory. Integrated assessment (IA) aims to bring diverse scientific, economics and social science expertise together to provide analysis and advice that comprehensively addresses all or at least many aspects of the climate change issue. IA methods have been applied to many areas of climate change providing insights into areas such as optimal timing of emission reductions, weighting of different greenhouse gases, or impacts of biofuel policies. Additionally, IAs have identified key uncertainties that should be priorities of future research, such as the need to understand oceanic heat uptake in order to better constrain climate sensitivity and predict future timing of temperature change. These assessments have also served to establish ongoing communication within the community of researchers, and between researchers and policy makers. In complex scientific issues it is often difficult for policy makers and the public to sort out conflicting scientific views, and an authoritative assessment process can provide consensus views on the issue, accepting that in some cases the "consensus"' may be that some aspects of the issue remain unresolved. This review explores the history and applications of these IAs, and identifies avenues for future emphasis. We briefly review the whole field of IAs of climate change, but focus on the role of formal computational frameworks in IA models. (c) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. WIREs Clim Change 2011 2 27-44 DOI: 10.1002/wcc.93 C1 [Reilly, John M.] MIT, Joint Program Sci & Policy Global Change, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Sarofim, Marcus C.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Reilly, JM (reprint author), MIT, Joint Program Sci & Policy Global Change, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM jreilly@mit.edu NR 70 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1757-7780 EI 1757-7799 J9 WIRES CLIM CHANGE JI Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.-Clim. Chang. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 2 IS 1 BP 27 EP 44 DI 10.1002/wcc.93 PG 18 WC Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 778WG UT WOS:000291739500004 ER PT J AU Neumann, J Hudgens, D Herter, J Martinich, J AF Neumann, James Hudgens, Daniel Herter, John Martinich, Jeremy TI The economics of adaptation along developed coastlines SO WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; UNITED-STATES; HOLDING BACK; COST AB Sea-level rise (SLR) increases the risk of permanent inundation of coastal lands and structures, while also increasing the risk of periodic damage from storms and risks to ecological resources. Prior studies have illustrated the importance of considering adaptation measures, such as armoring and beach nourishment, when estimating the economic cost of SLR, but these studies have taken the form either of careful, geographically limited case studies or national estimates based on limited samples. We present a framework for evaluating the economics of adaptation to permanent inundation from SLR that employs detailed local scale data and is spatially comprehensive, and apply the framework to estimate costs of adaptation for the full coastline of the continental US. Our results show that the economic cost of SLR is much larger than prior estimates suggest-more than $63 billion cumulative discounted cost (at 3%) for a 68 cm SLR by 2100, and $230 billion undiscounted-yet is only one-fourth the total value of low-lying property vulnerable to SLR, illustrating the importance of careful site-specific consideration of adaptation. Further, the granularity of the framework provides spatial, temporal, and response mode details useful to both national policy-makers and local adaptation planners, and can readily incorporate estimates of ecological and storm surge damages as they become available. (c) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. WIREs Clim Change 2011 2 89-98 DOI: 10.1002/wcc.90 C1 [Neumann, James; Hudgens, Daniel; Herter, John] Ind Econ Inc, Cambridge, MA USA. [Martinich, Jeremy] US EPA, Climate Sci Impacts Branch, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Neumann, J (reprint author), Ind Econ Inc, Cambridge, MA USA. EM jneumann@indecon.com NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY PERIODICALS, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN, MA 02148-529 USA SN 1757-7780 J9 WIRES CLIM CHANGE JI Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.-Clim. Chang. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 2 IS 1 BP 89 EP 98 DI 10.1002/wcc.90 PG 10 WC Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 778WG UT WOS:000291739500007 ER PT J AU Hill, BH Bolgrien, DW AF Hill, Brian H. Bolgrien, David W. TI Nitrogen removal by streams and rivers of the Upper Mississippi River basin SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Nitrogen removal; River networks; Mississippi River basin ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; WATER-QUALITY; AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; NITRATE REMOVAL; DENITRIFICATION; SATURATION; RETENTION; DELIVERY; STATES; SIZE AB We used stream chemistry and hydrogeomorphology data from 549 stream and 447 river sites to estimate NO(3)-N removal in the Upper Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio Rivers. We used two N removal models to predict NO(3)-N input and removal. NO(3)-N input ranged from 0.01 to 338 kg km(-1) d(-1) in the Upper Mississippi River to < 0.01-54 kg km(-1) d(-1) in the Missouri River. Cumulative river network NO(3)-N input was 98700-101676 Mg year(-1) in the Ohio River, 85961-89288 Mg year(-1) in the Upper Mississippi River, and 59463-61541 Mg year(-1) in the Missouri River. NO(3)-N output was highest in the Upper Mississippi River (0.01-329 kg km(-1) d(-1)), followed by the Ohio and Missouri Rivers (< 0.01-236 kg km(-1) d(-1)) sub-basins. Cumulative river network NO(3)-N output was 97499 Mg year(-1) for the Ohio River, 84361 Mg year(-1) for the Upper Mississippi River, and 59200 Mg year(-1) for the Missouri River. Proportional NO(3)-N removal (PNR) based on the two models ranged from < 0.01 to 0.28. NO(3)-N removal was inversely correlated with stream order, and ranged from < 0.01 to 8.57 kg km(-1) d(-1) in the Upper Mississippi River to < 0.001-1.43 kg km(-1) d(-1) in the Missouri River. Cumulative river network NO(3)-N removal predicted by the two models was: Upper Mississippi River 4152 and 4152 Mg year(-1), Ohio River 3743 and 378 Mg year(-1), and Missouri River 2277 and 197 Mg year(-1). PNR removal was negatively correlated with both stream order (r = -0.80-0.87) and the percent of the catchment in agriculture (r = -0.38-0.76). C1 [Hill, Brian H.; Bolgrien, David W.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Hill, BH (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM hill.brian@epa.gov RI Hill, Brian/E-6799-2013 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX We thank Xiaoli Yuan (USGS Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center) for analytical chemistry support for the EMAP samples and the numerous state analytical laboratories for WSA chemistry; Marlys Cappaert and her team (CSC, Corp.) for database support; and Tatiana Nawrocki, Matthew Starry, Roger Meyer, and Jesse Adams (CSC, Corp.) for GIS support. Tony Olsen supervised the creation of the survey designs. We are especially indebted to the field crews who collected the data. The information in this document has been funded wholly by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD JAN PY 2011 VL 102 IS 1-3 BP 183 EP 194 DI 10.1007/s10533-010-9431-8 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 695GQ UT WOS:000285359000012 ER PT J AU Kriegel, C Koehne, J Tinkle, S Maynard, AD Hill, RA AF Kriegel, Christina Koehne, Jessica Tinkle, Sally Maynard, Andrew D. Hill, Rodney A. TI Challenges of Trainees in a Multidisciplinary Research Program: Nano-Biotechnology SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article C1 [Koehne, Jessica] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Koehne, Jessica] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Tinkle, Sally] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Maynard, Andrew D.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Maynard, Andrew D.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Risk Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Hill, Rodney A.] Univ Idaho, Dept Anim & Vet Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Kriegel, Christina] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Food Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Kriegel, C (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM rodhill@uidaho.edu OI Maynard, Andrew/0000-0003-2117-5128 NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-9584 J9 J CHEM EDUC JI J. Chem. Educ. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 88 IS 1 BP 53 EP 55 DI 10.1021/ed1001174 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research GA 694WE UT WOS:000285328900014 ER PT J AU Mitchell-Blackwood, J Gurian, PL O'Donnell, C AF Mitchell-Blackwood, Jade Gurian, Patrick L. O'Donnell, Cara TI Finding Risk-Based Switchover Points for Response Decisions for Environmental Exposure to Bacillus anthracis SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Bacillus anthracis; decision model; risk threshold; cost-benefit analysis; bioterrorism; response strategies ID PUBLIC-HEALTH; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; BIOTERRORISM; VACCINATION; ATTACK; REMEDIATION; PROPHYLAXIS; STRATEGIES; LOGISTICS; MORTALITY AB In the wake of the 2001 terrorist attacks, the use of Bacillus anthracis (anthrax) in bioterrorism attacks has emerged as a realistic concern. Thus, a contingency plan is needed to inform decision-makers about which response actions are appropriate and justified under which circumstances. This study considers the decisions: (1) to undertake prophylactic antibiotic treatment; (2) to vaccinate individuals; or (3) to decontaminate the building. While these response actions are clearly justified for highly exposed individuals, a very large number of individuals exposed to very small risks in areas outside of the immediate vicinity of the release are also likely. Our results indicate that there are non-negligible risk thresholds below which response actions produce more costs than benefits. For the base case, the thresholds range from a risk of 1 in 33 for decontamination by fumigation to 1 in 6,547 for antibiotic prophylaxis and 1 in 7,108 for vaccination. A one-way sensitivity analysis on uncertain variables indicates less than an order of magnitude change in these thresholds. Benefit-cost analysis is a useful tool for assessing tradeoffs among alternative decisions, but cannot be the sole criterion in responding to incidents because of inherent limitations. C1 [Mitchell-Blackwood, Jade; Gurian, Patrick L.] Drexel Univ, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [O'Donnell, Cara] Sci & Technol Policy Inst, Inst Def Anal IDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Mitchell-Blackwood, J (reprint author), US EPA, 109 T W Alexander Dr,Mail Code E205-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM mitchell-blackwood.jade@epa.gov RI Gurian, Patrick/A-8365-2013 OI Gurian, Patrick/0000-0001-7456-9740 FU Center for Advancing Microbial Risk Assessment; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; U.S. Department of Homeland Security [R83236201] FX This research was funded through the Center for Advancing Microbial Risk Assessment, supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, under the Science to Achieve Results (STAR) grant program (grant number: R83236201). NR 46 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PY 2011 VL 17 IS 2 BP 489 EP 509 AR PII 936278185 DI 10.1080/10807039.2011.552401 PG 21 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 750SL UT WOS:000289568200012 ER PT J AU Oliver, LM Lehrter, JC Fisher, WS AF Oliver, L. M. Lehrter, J. C. Fisher, W. S. TI Relating landscape development intensity to coral reef condition in the watersheds of St. Croix, US Virgin Islands SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article DE Coral reef condition; Coastal watersheds; Land-cover/land-use; Landscape development intensity (LDI) index ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; SEDIMENTATION; ECOSYSTEMS; HEALTH; PERSPECTIVE; GRADIENTS; POLLUTION; RESPONSES; IMPACTS; STRESS AB Land-based sources of pollution are a major threat to the health of coral reefs. We report, for the first time, a study that relates coral reef condition to human modifications of the landscape. Stony coral community richness, cover, colony size, and density were assessed along with 3-dimensional coral cover in the near-shore waters of St. Croix, US Virgin Islands, in 2006 and 2007. Land use/land cover data (LULC, 2.4 m resolution) and a landscape development intensity (LDI) index, an indicator of human activity calculated from the LULC data, were used to explore relationships with coral indicators. The LDI index was more robust than other indicators of human activity, exhibiting negative correlations with stony coral colony density, taxa richness, colony size, and total coral cover. High variability observed in coral density and taxa richness was better explained when percent natural land and average coral station depth were considered along with the LDI index. Percent impervious surface in the watershed was negatively correlated with 1 coral condition indicator, total coral cover. The LDI index is an effective landscape indicator of human impact on St. Croix corals, highlighting the link between land-based human activity and marine ecosystems. Further development of this tool will aid in land use planning and prioritization of conservation efforts. C1 [Oliver, L. M.; Lehrter, J. C.; Fisher, W. S.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Oliver, LM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM oliver.leah@epa.gov NR 47 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 31 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PY 2011 VL 427 BP 293 EP 302 DI 10.3354/meps09087 PG 10 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 749SM UT WOS:000289489800022 ER PT J AU Nicolle-Mir, L AF Nicolle-Mir, Laurence TI Water contaminants Study on the disinfection by-products of swimming pool water SO ENVIRONNEMENT RISQUES & SANTE LA French DT News Item C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Nicolle-Mir, L (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN LIBBEY EUROTEXT LTD PI MONTROUGE PA 127 AVE DE LA REPUBLIQUE, 92120 MONTROUGE, FRANCE SN 1635-0421 J9 ENVIRON RISQUE SANTE JI Environ. Risque Sante PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 10 IS 1 BP 11 EP 12 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 735KS UT WOS:000288413800006 ER PT J AU Dzialowski, AR Smith, VH Wang, SH Martin, MC deNoyelles, F AF Dzialowski, Andrew R. Smith, Val H. Wang, Shih-Hsien Martin, Michael C. deNoyelles, F., Jr. TI Effects of non-algal turbidity on cyanobacterial biomass in seven turbid Kansas reservoirs SO LAKE AND RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE cyanobacteria; reservoirs; non-algal turbidity; chlorophyll-a ID BLUE-GREEN-ALGAE; MISSOURI RESERVOIRS; TOTAL PHOSPHORUS; AQUATIC SYSTEMS; OXBOW LAKES; DOMINANCE; PHYTOPLANKTON; NUTRIENTS; MICROCYSTIS; NITROGEN AB One of the most visible consequences of eutrophication in freshwater lakes is an increase in the biomass of cyanobacteria. While growth of cyanobacteria has been shown to be coupled to water column concentrations of total phosphorus (TP) in natural lakes, the ecological behavior of cyanobacteria in turbid impoundments is less well understood. Patterns of cyanobacterial biovolume in 7 turbid Kansas (USA) reservoirs exhibited overlap with published data from natural lakes in North America. Non-algal turbidity (NAT) influenced the relationship between cyanobacteria and TP in these systems. Relative to yields predicted from natural lakes, the biomass of cyanobacteria per unit TP was typically higher in the reservoirs, except in those systems that had exceptionally high levels of NAT (2.0 2/m) where observed concentrations were mostly lower than predicted. A more consistent pattern was observed with respect to the effects of NAT on yields of chlorophyll-a per unit TP in the reservoirs: across almost the entire NAT gradient, observed chlorophyll-a concentrations were typically lower than those predicted from natural lakes. Taken together, our results confirm that NAT plays an important role in regulating relationships between TP and phytoplankton biomass in reservoir ecosystems. C1 [Dzialowski, Andrew R.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Zool, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Smith, Val H.] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA. [Wang, Shih-Hsien] US EPA, Water Qual Management Branch, Water Wetlands & Pesticides Div, Kansas City, KS 66101 USA. [Martin, Michael C.; deNoyelles, F., Jr.] Univ Kansas, Kansas Biol Survey, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA. RP Dzialowski, AR (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Zool, 501 Life Sci W, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM andy.dzialowski@okstate.edu NR 61 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 22 PU NORTH AMER LAKE MANAGEMENT SOC PI MADISON PA PO BOX 5443, MADISON, WI 53705-5443 USA SN 1040-2381 J9 LAKE RESERV MANAGE JI Lake Reserv. Manag. PY 2011 VL 27 IS 1 BP 6 EP 14 AR PII 934984675 DI 10.1080/07438141.2011.551027 PG 9 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 738XR UT WOS:000288676400002 ER PT J AU Moore, CC Holmes, TP Bell, KP AF Moore, Christopher C. Holmes, Thomas P. Bell, Kathleen P. TI An attribute-based approach to contingent valuation of forest protection programs SO JOURNAL OF FOREST ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Contingent valuation; Forest conservation; Invasive species; Ecological services; Non-use value ID PREFERENCE HETEROGENEITY; EASTERN HEMLOCK; VALUES; QUESTIONS; BENEFITS; GOODS AB The hemlock woolly adelgid is an invasive insect that is damaging hemlock forests in the eastern United States. Several control methods are available but forest managers are constrained by cost, availability, and environmental concerns. As a result forest managers must decide how to allocate limited conservation resources over heterogeneous landscapes. We develop an attribute-based contingent valuation approach that allows us to perform cost-benefit analysis on control programs and inform the distribution of mitigation effort over land units that provide different types of environmental services. We use this approach to examine conservation efforts on three land management units in the southern Appalachian Mountains: Great Smoky Mountains National Park and Pisgah and Nantahala National Forests. Managers of these forests are focusing their efforts on specific conservation areas chosen for their importance to human-use or ecological services. The result is a network of sites that implicitly defines a tradeoff between ecological and human-use services. Our survey is designed to examine the public's perception of this tradeoff and estimate WTP for hemlock conservation programs. The estimated benefits of conserving hemlocks in the study area outweigh the cost of the mitigation programs by two orders of magnitude. We find that there is substantial support for protection of hemlock stands providing ecological services with very little human-use value. Further, we show that benefits from the current mitigation strategy could be increased by shifting effort to protect more ecological services at the expense of sites that generate primarily human-use value. Published by Elsevier GmbH on behalf of Department of Forest Economics, SLU Umea Sweden. C1 [Moore, Christopher C.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Bell, Kathleen P.] Univ Maine, Sch Econ, Orono, ME USA. RP Moore, CC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, 1200 Penn Ave NW,MC 1809T, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM moore.chris@epa.gov FU Center for Environmental and Resource Policy; USDA FX The authors would like to thank two anonymous reviewers, the Center for Environmental and Resource Policy and the USDA National Needs Fellowship for funding this research and Dan Phaneuf for substantial assistance in designing the survey. As always, any remaining errors are that of the authors alone. NR 55 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 10 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1104-6899 J9 J FOREST ECON JI J. For. Econ. PY 2011 VL 17 IS 1 BP 35 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.jfe.2010.09.001 PG 18 WC Economics; Forestry SC Business & Economics; Forestry GA 733AD UT WOS:000288231900004 ER PT J AU Henderson, BH Pinder, RW Crooks, J Cohen, RC Hutzell, WT Sarwar, G Goliff, WS Stockwell, WR Fahr, A Mathur, R Carlton, AG Vizuete, W AF Henderson, B. H. Pinder, R. W. Crooks, J. Cohen, R. C. Hutzell, W. T. Sarwar, G. Goliff, W. S. Stockwell, W. R. Fahr, A. Mathur, R. Carlton, A. G. Vizuete, W. TI Evaluation of simulated photochemical partitioning of oxidized nitrogen in the upper troposphere SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HO2NO2 PEROXYNITRIC ACID; GAS-PHASE REACTIONS; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; HOX; MODELS; OZONE; NOX; MECHANISMS; O-3 AB Regional and global chemical transport models underpredict NOx (NO + NO2) in the upper troposphere where it is a precursor to the greenhouse gas ozone. The NOx bias has been shown in model evaluations using aircraft data (Singh et al., 2007) and total column NO2 (molecules cm(-2)) from satellite observations (Napelenok et al., 2008). The causes of NOx underpredictions have yet to be fully understood due to the interconnected nature of simulated emission, transport, and chemistry processes. Recent observation-based studies, in the upper troposphere, identify chemical rate coefficients as a potential source of error (Olson et al., 2006; Ren et al., 2008). Since typical chemistry evaluation techniques are not available for upper tropospheric conditions, this study develops an evaluation platform from in situ observations, stochastic convection, and deterministic chemistry. We derive a stochastic convection model and optimize it using two simulated datasets of time since convection, one based on meteorology, and the other on chemistry. The chemistry surrogate for time since convection is calculated using seven different chemical mechanisms, all of which predict shorter time since convection than our meteorological analysis. We evaluate chemical simulations by inter-comparison and by pairing results with observations based on NOx:HNO3, a photochemical aging indicator. Inter-comparison reveals individual chemical mechanism biases and recommended updates. Evaluation against observations shows that all chemical mechanisms overpredict NOx removal relative to long-lived methanol and carbon monoxide. All chemical mechanisms underpredict observed NOx by at least 30%, and further evaluation is necessary to refine simulation sensitivities to initial conditions and chemical rate uncertainties. C1 [Henderson, B. H.; Vizuete, W.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Henderson, B. H.; Pinder, R. W.; Crooks, J.; Hutzell, W. T.; Sarwar, G.; Mathur, R.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Cohen, R. C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Cohen, R. C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Goliff, W. S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Coll Engn CERT, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Stockwell, W. R.; Fahr, A.] Howard Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20059 USA. [Carlton, A. G.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. RP Henderson, BH (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. EM barronh@gmail.com RI Carlton, Annmarie/A-7867-2011; Pinder, Robert/F-8252-2011; Cohen, Ronald/A-8842-2011; Henderson, Barron/E-4392-2014; OI Carlton, Annmarie/0000-0002-8574-1507; Pinder, Robert/0000-0001-6390-7126; vizuete, william/0000-0002-1399-2948; Cohen, Ronald/0000-0001-6617-7691; Henderson, Barron/0000-0002-6755-3051; Stockwell, William/0000-0002-7509-6575 FU National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency through the US Department of Energy and EPA; NOAA; Minority Serving Institutions (EPP/MSI) through the NOAA Center for Atmospheric Sciences (NCAS) [NA06OAR4810172]; National Science Foundation [0653997]; Howard University [NNX08AQ68G] FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an inter-agency agreement between the US Department of Energy and EPA.; In addition to the EPA program William R. Stockwell was supported in part by the NOAA Educational Partnership Program with Minority Serving Institutions (EPP/MSI) under grant number of NA06OAR4810172 through the NOAA Center for Atmospheric Sciences (NCAS) and National Science Foundation grant award number: 0653997.; Askar Fahr thanks NASA-Outer Planets Research Program for partial support of this work under Contract #NNX08AQ68G at Howard University. NR 45 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 20 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2011 VL 11 IS 1 BP 275 EP 291 DI 10.5194/acp-11-275-2011 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 705ZO UT WOS:000286180200020 ER PT J AU Geron, C AF Geron, Chris TI Carbonaceous aerosol characteristics over a Pinus taeda plantation: Results from the CELTIC experiment SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE CELTIC elemental carbon; Organic carbon; Radiocarbon; PM(2.5); Ozone; Biogenic volatile organic compounds ID SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; ALPHA-PINENE; UNITED-STATES; SESQUITERPENE EMISSIONS; RADIOCARBON CONTENT; SOUTHEASTERN US; AMBIENT AEROSOL; NORTH-CAROLINA; FOREST; VEGETATION AB Carbonaceous particles smaller than 2.5 mu m aerodynamic diameter (PM(2.5)) were collected in July, 2003 over a Loblolly Pine plantation at Duke Forest, NC during the Chemical Emission, Loss, Transformation and Interactions within Canopies (CELTIC) field study. Organic (OC) and elemental (EC) carbon in PM(2.5) ranged from 1.4-6.3 and 0.08-0.41 mu g C m(-3), respectively, and concentrations measured above and below the pine canopy were in good agreement. Ambient OC was lower (<3 mu g C m(-3)) during cooler periods (daytime maximum temperatures < 28 degrees C) and for periods following precipitation events, and was higher (>3 mu g C m(-3)) during warm humid periods. Radiocarbon analysis indicates that on average 83% (range 78-91%) of the PM(2.5) carbon was derived from contemporary (biogenic VOC and biomass burning) sources. This is higher than previous estimates from urban and suburban sites, and in good agreement with recently published data from other rural sites throughout the U.S. The estimates of contemporary PM(2.5) carbon may represent a lower limit for this site since the sampler was located above the center of a 30 meter diameter plot fumigated with 200 ppm CO(2) derived from fossil carbon sources. However, this effect is likely to be negligible. The regression relationship between OC/EC ratios and percent biogenic carbon in aerosol is very similar to those observed in recent summertime data from Tennessee and Florida. However, our values for both OC/EC and percent biogenic carbon are higher than those observed in the latter studies, likely due to the more rural character of the site. Simple box model estimates indicate that biogenic VOC (BVOC) emissions measured at the site provide sufficient reactive carbon sources to account for the observed levels of aerosol biogenic carbon. The magnitude and temporal pattern in the box model secondary organic aerosol estimates correlate well with the ambient aerosol carbon measurements. The model estimates of the relative contribution of isoprene, alpha-pinene, and beta-caryophyllene oxidation to PM(2.5) carbon are in reasonable agreement with a study recently conducted at a nearby site where aerosol tracers of these compounds were quantitatively analyzed in ambient PM(2.5). Pinic acid concentrations in the below-canopy PM(2.5) during CELTIC (from another recently published study) similarly suggest a significant contribution of alpha-pinene oxidation to PM(2.5) carbon. The biomass burning tracers potassium and levoglucosan yielded fire contribution estimates to PM(2.5) consistent with their respective published emission factors. These estimates indicate that biomass burning accounted for 1 to 5% (0.015 to 0.30 mu g C m(-3)) of the PM(2.5) carbon during CELTIC. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Geron, C (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM geron.chris@epa.gov OI Geron, Chris/0000-0002-4266-2155 FU Office of Science (BER); U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-95ER62083] FX The Duke Forest site was supported by the Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy, Grant No. DE-FG02-95ER62083. Dr. Mike Hays (EPA NRMRL) assisted in the OC/EC analysis. Dr. John T. Walker (USEPA/NRMRL) provided the potassium and sulfate data used in the analysis. Dr. Jose Fuentes (Penn State University) provided O3 data. David Stiles of Alion Technologies provided assistance with the MSP particulate sampler and in filter preparation as well. The author is also thankful to Ram Oren and Heather McCarthy for providing leaf area index data for the Duke Forest site. Mike Tufts of Arcadis, Inc. performed QA tests of MSP particulate sampler performance. The late Dr. Charles W. Lewis of EPA NERL provided much helpful insight and discussion. Two anonymous reviewers provided excellent comments which improved the quality and clarity of this paper. NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 45 IS 3 BP 794 EP 801 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.07.015 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 721GY UT WOS:000287342800027 ER PT J AU Osborne, TZ Newman, S Scheidt, DJ Kalla, PI Bruland, GL Cohen, MJ Scinto, LJ Ellis, LR AF Osborne, Todd Z. Newman, Susan Scheidt, Daniel J. Kalla, Peter I. Bruland, Gregory L. Cohen, Matthew J. Scinto, Leonard J. Ellis, Larry R. TI Landscape Patterns of Significant Soil Nutrients and Contaminants in the Greater Everglades Ecosystem: Past, Present, and Future SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Everglades; phosphorus; sulfur; carbon; mercury; soils; landscape ID WATER CONSERVATION AREA; FLORIDA-EVERGLADES; NORTHERN EVERGLADES; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; SOUTH FLORIDA; PEAT SOILS; METHYLMERCURY PRODUCTION; WETLAND ECOSYSTEM; TROPHIC GRADIENT; TOTAL PHOSPHORUS AB The primary goal of this review and synthesis effort is to summarize present landscape patterns of key soil constituents such as carbon (C), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), and mercury (Hg), all of which are of historical and present interest with respect to Everglades restoration. A secondary goal is to highlight the importance of landscape scale monitoring and assessment of soils in the Everglades Protection Area (EPA) with respect to present and future restoration efforts. Review of present information derived from the two independent landscape scale studies revealed significant patterns of soil thickness, organic matter, and P in the EPA. Two soil constituents of concern, Hg (biological toxicity) and S (linked to increased P cycling), also exhibit spatial patterns at the landscape scale, suggesting a need for focused efforts of restoration. Significant patterns of soil enrichment and change suggest a dynamic interaction between environmental stressors and soil biogeochemical properties across the landscape. Trends and patterns at the landscape scale in the EPA suggest that landscape scale monitoring and assessment is necessary and critical to determining the success of restoration efforts. However, several key questions, surrounding appropriate temporal and spatial sampling scales, the standardization of sampling methods, and the significance of short range variability must be addressed to facilitate future landscape scale assessment efforts. C1 [Osborne, Todd Z.] Univ Florida, Soil & Water Sci Dept, Wetland Biogeochem Lab, Gainesville, FL USA. [Newman, Susan] S Florida Water Management Dist, Everglades Div, Marsh Ecol Res Grp, W Palm Beach, FL USA. [Scheidt, Daniel J.] US EPA, Water Protect Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kalla, Peter I.] US EPA, Sci & Ecosyst Support Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bruland, Gregory L.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Cohen, Matthew J.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Forest Water Resources Lab, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Scinto, Leonard J.] Florida Int Univ, SE Environm Res Ctr, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Ellis, Larry R.] Univ Florida, Soil & Water Sci Dept, Environm Pedol Lab, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Osborne, TZ (reprint author), 106 Newell Hall,POB 110510, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM osbornet@ufl.edu RI Cohen, Matthew/F-7117-2013; OI Bruland, Gregory/0000-0002-3016-8088 NR 85 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 33 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1064-3389 J9 CRIT REV ENV SCI TEC JI Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 41 SU 1 BP 121 EP 148 AR PII 933741586 DI 10.1080/10643389.2010.530930 PG 28 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 723GG UT WOS:000287494000006 ER PT J AU Orem, W Gilmour, C Axelrad, D Krabbenhoft, D Scheidt, D Kalla, P McCormick, P Gabriel, M Aiken, G AF Orem, William Gilmour, Cynthia Axelrad, Donald Krabbenhoft, David Scheidt, Daniel Kalla, Peter McCormick, Paul Gabriel, Mark Aiken, George TI Sulfur in the South Florida Ecosystem: Distribution, Sources, Biogeochemistry, Impacts, and Management for Restoration SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Everglades; methylmercury; sulfate; sulfur; water quality ID CLADIUM-JAMAICENSE CYPERACEAE; FERTILIZER-DERIVED URANIUM; FRESH-WATER WETLANDS; NEW-JERSEY PINELANDS; TYPHA-DOMINGENSIS; EVERGLADES RESTORATION; NORTHERN EVERGLADES; HYDROGEN SULFIDE; TROPHIC GRADIENT; SULFATE AB Sulfur is broadly recognized as a water quality issue of significance for the freshwater Florida Everglades. Roughly 60% of the remnant Everglades has surface water sulfate concentrations above 1 mg l-1, a restoration performance measure based on present sulfate levels in unenriched areas. Highly enriched marshes in the northern Everglades have average sulfate levels of 60 mg l-1. Sulfate loading to the Everglades is principally a result of land and water management in South Florida. The highest concentrations of sulfate (average 60-70 mg l-1) in the ecosystem are in canal water in the Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA). Potential sulfur sourcesin the watershed are many, but geochemical data and a preliminary sulfur mass balance for the EAA are consistent with sulfur presently used in agricultural, and sulfur released by oxidation of organic EAA soils (including legacy agricultural applications and natural sulfur) as the primary sources of sulfate enrichment in the EAA canals. Sulfate loading to the Everglades increases microbial sulfate reduction in soils, leading to more reducing conditions, greater cycling of nutrients in soils, production of toxic sulfide, and enhanced methylmercury (MeHg) production and bioaccumulation. Wetlands are zones of naturally high MeHg production, but the combination of high atmospheric mercury deposition rates in South Florida and elevated sulfate loading leads to increased MeHg production and MeHg risk to Everglades wildlife and human consumers. Sulfate from the EAA drainage canals penetrates deep into the Everglades Water Conservation Areas, and may extend into Everglades National Park. Present plans to restore sheet flow and to deliver more water to the Everglades may increase overall sulfur loads to the ecosystem, and move sulfate-enriched water further south. However, water management practices that minimize soil drying and rewetting cycles can mitigate sulfate release during soil oxidation. A comprehensive Everglades restoration strategy should include reduction of sulfur loads as a goal because of the many detrimental impacts of sulfate on the ecosystem. Monitoring data show that the ecosystem response to changes in sulfate levels is rapid, and strategies for reducing sulfate loading may be effective in the near term. A multifaceted approach employing best management practices for sulfur in agriculture, agricultural practices that minimize soil oxidation, and changes to stormwater treatment areas that increase sulfate retention could help achieve reduced sulfate loads to the Everglades, with resulting benefits. C1 [Orem, William] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Gilmour, Cynthia] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Axelrad, Donald] Florida Dept Environm Protect, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Krabbenhoft, David] US Geol Survey, Middleton, WI USA. [Scheidt, Daniel; Kalla, Peter] US EPA, Athens, GA USA. [McCormick, Paul; Gabriel, Mark] S Florida Water Management Dist, W Palm Beach, FL USA. [Aiken, George] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO USA. RP Orem, W (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. EM borem@usgs.gov RI Gilmour, Cynthia/G-1784-2010 OI Gilmour, Cynthia/0000-0002-1720-9498 FU U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; National Park Service; Army Corps of Engineers; South Florida Water Management District; Florida Department of Environmental Protection FX The research described in this report was supported by funding from a number of Federal and State agencies: the U.S. Geological Survey (Priority Ecosystems Studies for South Florida-G. Ronnie Best, Program Executive), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the National Park Service, the Army Corps of Engineers, the South Florida Water Management District, and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection. The authors thank Alan Kolker and Mark Engle from the USGS, Samira Daroub of the University of Florida, Garth Redfield (South Florida Water Management District), and one anonymous reviewer for their helpful comments on the manuscript. NR 130 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 6 U2 51 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1064-3389 J9 CRIT REV ENV SCI TEC JI Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 41 SU 1 BP 249 EP 288 AR PII 933735549 DI 10.1080/10643389.2010.531201 PG 40 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 723GG UT WOS:000287494000010 ER PT J AU Lewis, MA Goodman, LR Chancy, CA Jordan, SJ AF Lewis, Michael A. Goodman, Larry R. Chancy, Cynthia A. Jordan, Stephen J. TI Fish Assemblages in Three Northwest Florida Urbanized Bayous before and after Two Hurricanes SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Gulf of Mexico; bayous; fish assemblages; hurricanes ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; QUALITY; ESTUARY; INDICATORS; SYSTEM AB A 6-year survey (1993-1998) is summarized for fish collected from chemically contaminated, urbanized bayous in northwest Florida. Fifty-two monthly collections (January November) using trawls and seines occurred at 22 sites located in three adjacent bayous associated with the Pensacola Bay Estuary. Hurricanes Erin (Category 2) and Opal (Category 3) made landfall near the study area, and a state-wide entanglement net ban was initiated during the survey period. Approximately 585,000 fish were collected, which represented 80 species and 66 genera. The assemblages were dominated by estuarine-dependent and resident species similar to those commonly found in several nearby estuaries. Of these, Leiostomus xanthurus, Brevoortia patronus, Anchoa mitchilli, Lagodon rhomboides, and Menidia peninsulae composed 95% or more of the total catch. The total number of species for each collection ranged from 8 to 23, total abundances varied from 140 to 14,315 individuals, and Shannon diversity index values (H') were between 0.02 and 0.97. Mean species numbers and diversity index values were more consistent monthly than fish total abundance, which was influenced by seasonal occurrences of estuarine-dependent species. Hurricane effects were specific to the hurricane, structural parameter, species, and bayou. The posthurricane reductions in salinity (17% to 69%) and the few changes in fish abundance were usually temporary and within monthly and interannual variability. The resiliency of the fish assemblages to natural and anthropogenic stresses represents a survival advantage and readiness for future climatic change. C1 [Lewis, Michael A.; Goodman, Larry R.; Chancy, Cynthia A.; Jordan, Stephen J.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Lewis, MA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM lewis.michael@epa.gov NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 27 IS 1 BP 35 EP 45 DI 10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-09-00019.1 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 716EW UT WOS:000286952900004 ER PT J AU Xia, M Craig, PM Wallen, CM Stoddard, A Mandrup-Poulsen, J Peng, MC Schaeffer, B Liu, ZJ AF Xia, Meng Craig, Paul M. Wallen, Christopher M. Stoddard, Andrew Mandrup-Poulsen, Jan Peng, Machuan Schaeffer, Blake Liu, Zhijun TI Numerical Simulation of Salinity and Dissolved Oxygen at Perdido Bay and Adjacent Coastal Ocean SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Perdido Bay; EFDC; plume; dissolved oxygen; salinity ID WATER-QUALITY MODEL; RIVER ESTUARY; RAPPAHANNOCK RIVER; CHESAPEAKE BAY; BOTTOM WATERS; HYPOXIA; EUTROPHICATION; SEA AB Environmental fluid dynamic code (EFDC), a numerical estuarine and coastal ocean circulation hydrodynamic model, was used to simulate the distribution of the salinity, temperature, nutrients, and dissolved oxygen (DO) in Perdido Bay and adjacent Gulf of Mexico. External forcing factors included the coupled effects of the astronomical tides, river discharge, and atmospheric winds on the spatial and temporal distributions of salinity and DO. Modeled time series were in good agreement with field observations of water level, nutrients, temperature, salinity, and DO. Perdido Bay and adjacent northern Gulf of Mexico coasts can be divided into two areas according to salinity, water level, and DO concentrations. The first area was lower Perdido Bay and the associated Gulf of Mexico coasts, acting primarily under the influence of tidal forcing, which increases the vertical stratification. The second division was upper Perdido Bay, which was influenced by both tidal forcing and freshwater inflow. Simulations also indicated winds influenced the salinity and DO distributions, with an enhanced surface pressure gradient. Tidal effects were also important for conducting salinity and water quality simulations in Perdido Bay. Low amplitude tides induced relatively weak vertical mixing and favored the establishment of stratification at the bay, especially along deeper bathymetry. Flood tides influenced the distribution of salinity and DO more than ebb tides, specifically along shallow bathymetry. C1 [Xia, Meng] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. [Xia, Meng; Craig, Paul M.; Wallen, Christopher M.; Stoddard, Andrew; Liu, Zhijun] Dynam Solut LLC, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. [Mandrup-Poulsen, Jan] Florida Dept Environm Protect, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. [Peng, Machuan] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Schaeffer, Blake] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32563 USA. RP Xia, M (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, 4840 S State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. EM mengxia@umich.edu FU Camp Dresser McKee Inc; NOAA's Great Lakes Environmental Research Lab (GLERL); Cooperative Institute for Limnology and Ecosystem Research at the University of Michigan FX This study was supported by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection through a subcontract from Camp Dresser & McKee Inc. Most modeling activities were carried out by Dynamic Solutions LLC. We also are thankful for the support of Ms. Julie Wallen, president of DSLLC, and Mr. Jeffery Holt. Additionally support was provided by NOAA's Great Lakes Environmental Research Lab (GLERL) and the Cooperative Institute for Limnology and Ecosystem Research at the University of Michigan. Dr. David J. Schwab and Ms. Cathy Darnell of NOAA GLERL helped edit the manuscript, and Xiaoyan He helped revise the figures. This study has been reviewed and approved for publication by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, but contents are solely the views of the authors. Mention of trade names or commercial products do not constitute endorsement by the U.S. EPA or NOAA. This is contribution number 1550 from the NOAA GLERL. This is also contribution number 1366 from the EPA Gulf Ecology Division. NR 38 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 29 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 27 IS 1 BP 73 EP 86 DI 10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-09-00044.1 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 716EW UT WOS:000286952900007 ER PT J AU Williams, MA Egesten, A AF Williams, Marc A. Egesten, Arne TI Allergic Inflammation: The Enemy Within SO JOURNAL OF INNATE IMMUNITY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Egesten, Arne] Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden. [Williams, Marc A.] US EPA, EPHD Cardiopulm & Immunotoxicol Branch, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Egesten, A (reprint author), Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, BMC B14 Tornavagen 10, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden. EM Arne.Egesten@med.lu.se NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1662-811X J9 J INNATE IMMUN JI J. Innate Immun. PY 2011 VL 3 IS 2 BP 111 EP 112 DI 10.1159/000323731 PG 2 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 724EU UT WOS:000287559700001 ER PT J AU Kalkstein, LS Greene, S Mills, DM Samenow, J AF Kalkstein, Laurence S. Greene, Scott Mills, David M. Samenow, Jason TI An evaluation of the progress in reducing heat-related human mortality in major U.S. cities SO NATURAL HAZARDS LA English DT Article DE Climate and human health; Excessive heat event programs; Excess mortality ID WATCH-WARNING SYSTEM; US CITIES; DECADAL CHANGES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; IMPACTS; WAVES AB This study estimates the excess mortality attributable to excessive heat events (EHEs) for forty major U.S. cities during 1975-1995 and 1975-2004. We calculate these results using the spatial synoptic classification method to identify EHE days. Step-wise regressions are then used to estimate the location-specific mortality algorithms that can account for the impact of the EHEs' duration, severity, and timing. Our excess mortality results are expressed both as lives lost and associated mortality rates (excess deaths per 100,000 residents) using 2000 Census population estimates. Our results generally show a reduction in EHE-attributable mortality rates since 1996. Adjusting our results to account for changes in the average number of EHE days per year in each period does not affect this general conclusion. However, this adjustment has a considerable impact on a measure of the cities' relative performance in terms of reducing this EHE-attributable excess mortality. Our results indicate there is promise for further reductions in EHE-attributable mortality from the approximately 1300 excess deaths per summer we identify using data from the 1975-2004 period. However, the magnitude of this result highlights the significant health burden of EHEs relative to other extreme weather events in the United States and suggests it is worthy of additional attention. Our results also raise important questions with respect to evaluating the performance of EHE notification and response programs and how EHE-attributable mortality should be estimated for future scenarios, notably for climate change projections. C1 [Mills, David M.] Stratus Consulting Inc, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. [Kalkstein, Laurence S.] Univ Miami, Dept Geog & Reg Studies, Marco Isl, FL 34145 USA. [Kalkstein, Laurence S.] Appl Climatologists Inc, Marco Isl, FL 34145 USA. [Greene, Scott] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Geog, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Greene, Scott] Oklahoma Wind Power Initiat, Norman, OK USA. [Samenow, Jason] US EPA, Off Atmospher Programs, Climate Change Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Mills, DM (reprint author), Stratus Consulting Inc, 1881 9th St,Suite 201, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. EM larryk@miami.edu; jgreene@gcn.ou.edu; dmills@stratusconsulting.com; Samenow.Jason@epamail.epa.gov NR 23 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0921-030X J9 NAT HAZARDS JI Nat. Hazards PD JAN PY 2011 VL 56 IS 1 BP 113 EP 129 DI 10.1007/s11069-010-9552-3 PG 17 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 711ZI UT WOS:000286630600007 ER PT J AU Hassan, AA Sorial, GA AF Hassan, Ashraf Aly Sorial, George A. TI Treatment of dynamic mixture of hexane and benzene vapors in a Trickle Bed Air Biofilter integrated with cyclic adsorption/desorption beds SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Adsorption; Biofiltration; Biodegradation; Cyclic adsorption/desorption bed; Fungi; Trickle Bed Air Biofilter (TBAB) ID ELECTROTHERMAL SWING ADSORPTION; CARBON LOAD EQUALIZATION; ACTIVATED CARBON; TRANSIENT-BEHAVIOR; TOLUENE REMOVAL; ORGANIC VAPOR; N-HEXANE; PERFORMANCE; BIOFILTRATION; DESORPTION AB One of the main challenges that face successful biofiltration is the erratic loading pattern and long starvation periods. However, such patterns are common in practical applications. In order to provide long-term stable operation of a biofilter under these conditions, a cyclic adsorption/desorption beds system with flow switching was installed prior to a biofilter. Different square waves of a mixture containing n-hexane and benzene at a 2:1 ratio were applied to the cyclic adsorption/desorption beds and then fed to a biofilter. The performance of this integrated system was compared to a biofilter unit receiving the same feed of both VOCs. The cyclic adsorption/desorption beds unit successfully achieved its goal of stabilizing erratic loading even with very sharp peaks at the influent concentration equalizing influent concentrations ranging from 10-470 ppmv for n-hexane to 30-1410 ppmv for benzene. The study included different peak concentrations with durations ranging from 6 to 20 min. The cyclic beds buffered the fluctuating influent load and the followed biofilter had all the time a continuous stable flow. Another advantage achieved by the cyclic adsorption/desorption beds was the uninterrupted feed to the biofilter even during the starvation where there was no influent in the feed. The results of the integrated system with regard to removal efficiency and kinetics are comparable to published results with continuous feed studies at the same loading rates. The removal efficiency for benzene had a minimum of 85% while for n-hexane ranged from 50% to 77% according to the loading rate. The control unit showed very erratic performance highlighting the benefit of the utilization of the cyclic adsorption/desorption beds. The biofilter was more adaptable to concentration changes in benzene than n-hexane. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sorial, George A.] Univ Cincinnati, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Hassan, Ashraf Aly] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Sorial, GA (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, 701 Engn Res Ctr,2624 Clifton Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM george.sorial@uc.edu FU National Science Foundation [CBET 0852803] FX The authors would like to thank the financial support from National Science Foundation under Award # CBET 0852803. The finding and conclusions expressed in this publication are solely those of the authors and do not necessary reflect the views of the Foundation. NR 37 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JAN PY 2011 VL 82 IS 4 BP 521 EP 528 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.10.060 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 714DS UT WOS:000286788300006 ER PT J AU Jury, KL Khan, SJ Vancov, T Stuetz, RM Ashbolt, NJ AF Jury, Karen L. Khan, Stuart J. Vancov, Tony Stuetz, Richard M. Ashbolt, Nicholas J. TI Are Sewage Treatment Plants Promoting Antibiotic Resistance? SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE antibiotic resistance; pharmaceutically active compounds; sewage treatment plants ID WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; BETA-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS; MEDIATED QUINOLONE RESISTANCE; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; TETRACYCLINE RESISTANCE; SULFONAMIDE RESISTANCE; ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; DRUG-RESISTANCE AB There is widespread speculation that sewage treatment plants (STPs) and aquatic environments in general may be breeding grounds for antibiotic resistant bacteria. We examine the question of whether low concentrations of antibiotics in STPs can provide or contribute to a selective pressure facilitating the acquisition or proliferation of antibiotic resistance among bacteria in the receiving environment. Examination of available literature suggests that relative levels of antibiotic resistance may be increased during sewage treatment processes. However, it is unclear whether this may be partially the result of horizontal gene transfer or entirely due to clonal propagation. While there is circumstantial evidence that the presence of antibiotics or other related genetic promoters in STP wastewaters may contribute to selective pressures for these processes, a definite role is yet to be demonstrated. Future researchers would benefit from the application of non-culture-based techniques because culture limits the possible observations to a small subset of STP microbial diversity. C1 [Jury, Karen L.; Khan, Stuart J.; Vancov, Tony; Stuetz, Richard M.; Ashbolt, Nicholas J.] Univ New S Wales, UNSW Water Res Ctr, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Jury, Karen L.; Vancov, Tony] Wollongbar Primary Ind Inst, Wollongbar, Australia. [Ashbolt, Nicholas J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Khan, SJ (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, UNSW Water Res Ctr, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. EM s.khan@unsw.edu.au RI Khan, Stuart/E-7523-2012 OI Khan, Stuart/0000-0001-5147-145X FU Australian Research Council [DP0558029] FX This research was supported under Australian Research Council's Discovery Projects funding scheme (project number DP0558029). The work presented here has been subjected to the United States Environmental Protection Agency review and approved for publication. NR 141 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 6 U2 59 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1064-3389 J9 CRIT REV ENV SCI TEC JI Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 41 IS 3 BP 243 EP 270 AR PII 933053659 DI 10.1080/10643380902772589 PG 28 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 717FP UT WOS:000287029200002 ER PT J AU Brattin, W Griffin, S AF Brattin, William Griffin, Susan TI Evaluation of the Contribution of Lead in Soil to Lead in Dust at Superfund Sites SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE lead; soil; dust; IEUBK ID UPTAKE BIOKINETIC MODEL; CHILDREN AB The concentration of lead in indoor dust is a key parameter in the Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic (IEUBK) model used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) to evaluate risks to children from lead in soil. The default assumption is that the concentration of lead in indoor dust is 70% of the concentration of lead in outdoor soil. This report reviews the basis of this assumption, and compares the assumption to data obtained at mining/smelting Superfund sites in USEPA Region 8. Data for lead concentrations measured in both indoor dust and outdoor soil at a number of different properties at nine different Superfund sites were fit to a linear model (Cdust = K0 + Ksd center dot Csoil). Based on ordinary linear regression, values of Ksd ranged from 0.04 to 0.34. Values of Ksd estimated using a simple method to account for measurement errors yielded values from 0.04 to 0.35. These findings indicate that the concentration of lead in dust at mining/smelting sites in Region 8 is usually not as large as the IEUBK default assumption indicates. Use of the default is likely to be protective, but will likely result in an overestimation of childhood exposure and risk from lead in soil. C1 [Griffin, Susan] US EPA, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Brattin, William] SRC Inc, Denver, CO USA. RP Griffin, S (reprint author), US EPA, Reg 8,8OC EISC,1595 Wynkoop St, Denver, CO 80202 USA. EM Griffin.susan@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX Data used in this report were obtained by site investigations funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Superfund Program. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PY 2011 VL 17 IS 1 SI SI BP 236 EP 244 AR PII 933408746 DI 10.1080/10807039.2011.538638 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 720ZB UT WOS:000287320100011 ER PT J AU Pickard, BC Haas, AJ Allgeier, SC AF Pickard, Brian C. Haas, Adam J. Allgeier, Steven C. TI Optimizing operational reliability of the Cincinnati contamination warning system SO JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB The US Environmental Protection Agency developed a contamination warning system (CWS) design with multiple, independent data streams to quickly detect unintentional or intentional contamination of drinking water distribution systems. During evaluation of the first full-scale pilot CWS in Cincinnati, Ohio, one primary design objective-optimizing operational reliability-was measured through two performance metrics: availability and data completeness. This evaluation was conducted to identify potential fail points, implement procedures to reduce downtime, and minimize lost or inaccurate data. Through two years of data collection and system optimization, the Cincinnati pilot CWS demonstrated continuous detection capabilities, even when some components or sub-components were nonfunctional. Subsequent distribution system modeling showed that the probability of experiencing a contamination incident while multiple components were nonfunctional was negligible. Overall, the optimized Cincinnati pilot CWS demonstrated robust operational reliability, with a high percentage of availability and data completeness. C1 [Pickard, Brian C.] US EPA, Off Ground Water & Drinking Water, Water Secur Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Haas, Adam J.] CSC, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Allgeier, Steven C.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Pickard, BC (reprint author), US EPA, Off Ground Water & Drinking Water, Water Secur Div, POB MC 4608T,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM pickard.brian@epa.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER WATER WORKS ASSOC PI DENVER PA 6666 W QUINCY AVE, DENVER, CO 80235 USA SN 2164-4535 J9 J AM WATER WORKS ASS JI J. Am. Water Work Assoc. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 103 IS 1 BP 60 EP + PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 710YY UT WOS:000286554100016 ER PT J AU Meyer, DE Curran, MA Gonzalez, MA AF Meyer, David E. Curran, Mary Ann Gonzalez, Michael A. TI An examination of silver nanoparticles in socks using screening-level life cycle assessment SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Silver nanoparticles; Nanomanufacturing; Screening-level life cycle assessment; EH&S; Sustainable design; Consumer products ID EXPOSURE AB Screening-level life cycle assessment (LCA) can provide a quick tool to identify the life cycle hot spots and focus research efforts to help to minimize the burdens of a technology while maximizing its benefits. The use of nanoscale silver in consumer products has exploded in popularity. Although its use is considered beneficial because of antimicrobial effects, some attention must be given to the potential environmental impacts it could impart on the life cycle of these nanoproducts as production demands escalate. This work examines the environmental impact of including silver nanoparticles in commercially available socks using screening-level LCA. Initial results suggest washing during the use phase contributes substantially more than the manufacturing phase to the product life cycle impacts. Comparison of nanoparticles prepared by either chemical reduction, liquid flame spray (LFS), or plasma arc demonstrate how the type of manufacturing process used for the nanoscale silver can change the resulting life cycle impact of the sock product. The magnitude of this impact will depend on the type of process used to manufacture the nanoscale silver, with LFS having the most impact because of the need for large quantities of hydrogen and oxygen. Although the increased impacts for a single nanoproduct may be relatively small, the added environmental load can actually be a significant quantity when considered at the regional or global production level. C1 [Meyer, David E.; Curran, Mary Ann; Gonzalez, Michael A.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Meyer, DE (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM meyer.david@epa.gov OI Curran, Mary Ann/0000-0001-8565-9928 NR 28 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-0764 J9 J NANOPART RES JI J. Nanopart. Res. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 13 IS 1 BP 147 EP 156 DI 10.1007/s11051-010-0013-4 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 712LA UT WOS:000286667000015 ER PT J AU Bahadori, T Barr, D Hubal, EC AF Bahadori, Tina Barr, Dana Hubal, Elaine Cohen TI From Servant to Luminary: Transforming Exposure Science for Protection of Public Health SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of International-Society-of-Exposure-Science/International-Society-for-Envi ronmental-Epidemiology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Soc Exposure Sci, Int Soc Environm Epidemiol C1 [Bahadori, Tina] Amer Chem Council, Arlington, VA USA. [Barr, Dana] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Hubal, Elaine Cohen] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 SU S BP S182 EP S182 DI 10.1097/01.ede.0000392237.06413.32 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695VN UT WOS:000285400800545 ER PT J AU Baxter, L Teet, S Neas, L AF Baxter, Lisa Teet, Stephen Neas, Lucas TI Identifying Cities for Enhanced Fine Particulate Matter Speciation Monitoring SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of International-Society-of-Exposure-Science/International-Society-for-Envi ronmental-Epidemiology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Soc Exposure Sci, Int Soc Environm Epidemiol C1 [Baxter, Lisa; Teet, Stephen; Neas, Lucas] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 SU S BP S208 EP S208 DI 10.1097/01.ede.0000392321.18776.e5 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695VN UT WOS:000285400800629 ER PT J AU Baxter, L Barzyk, T Burke, J Turpin, B Rich, D Lunden, M Hodas, N Ozkaynak, H AF Baxter, Lisa Barzyk, Timothy Burke, Janet Turpin, Barbara Rich, David Lunden, Melissa Hodas, Natasha Ozkaynak, Haluk TI Comparison of Exposures Estimated Using Ambient PM2.5 Concentrations With Those Estimated by the Stochastic Human Exposure and Dose Simulation Model for Two New Jersey Cohorts SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of International-Society-of-Exposure-Science/International-Society-for-Envi ronmental-Epidemiology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Soc Exposure Sci, Int Soc Environm Epidemiol C1 [Baxter, Lisa; Barzyk, Timothy; Burke, Janet; Ozkaynak, Haluk] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rich, David] UMDNJ Sch Publ Hlth, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Turpin, Barbara; Hodas, Natasha] Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Lunden, Melissa] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 SU S BP S31 EP S31 DI 10.1097/01.ede.0000391753.17840.56 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695VN UT WOS:000285400800061 ER PT J AU Breville, M AF Breville, Maggie TI US Environmental Protection Agency Tribal Environmental Health Research Program SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of International-Society-of-Exposure-Science/International-Society-for-Envi ronmental-Epidemiology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Soc Exposure Sci, Int Soc Environm Epidemiol C1 [Breville, Maggie] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Res, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 SU S BP S115 EP S115 DI 10.1097/01.ede.0000392021.64753.75 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695VN UT WOS:000285400800329 ER PT J AU Cho, SH Thornburg, J Murdoch, R Dart, A Johnson, C Vanderpool, R Long, R Grover, B AF Cho, Seung-Hyun Thornburg, Jonathan Murdoch, Robert Dart, Andrew Johnson, Cortina Vanderpool, Robert Long, Russell Grover, Bret TI Influence of Spatial and Temporal Variability in Coarse and Fine Particulate Matter Concentrations on Exposures in Birmingham, Alabama SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of International-Society-of-Exposure-Science/International-Society-for-Envi ronmental-Epidemiology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Soc Exposure Sci, Int Soc Environm Epidemiol C1 [Cho, Seung-Hyun; Thornburg, Jonathan; Murdoch, Robert; Dart, Andrew; Johnson, Cortina] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Vanderpool, Robert; Long, Russell; Grover, Bret] US EPA, ORD, NERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 SU S BP S86 EP S86 DI 10.1097/01.ede.0000391929.48608.5d PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695VN UT WOS:000285400800237 ER PT J AU Johnson, M Isaakov, V Touma, J Mukerjee, S Ozkaynak, H AF Johnson, Markey Isaakov, Vlad Touma, Joe Mukerjee, Shaibal Oezkaynak, Haluk TI Land-use Regression Models for Estimating Short-term and Seasonal Average Exposures to Air Pollution Using Coupled Regional and Local Scale Air Quality Models SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of International-Society-of-Exposure-Science/International-Society-for-Envi ronmental-Epidemiology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Soc Exposure Sci, Int Soc Environm Epidemiol C1 [Johnson, Markey] Hlth Canada, Air Hlth Sci Div, Exposure Assessment Sect, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. [Isaakov, Vlad; Touma, Joe; Mukerjee, Shaibal; Oezkaynak, Haluk] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 SU S BP S101 EP S101 DI 10.1097/01.ede.0000391976.49575.56 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695VN UT WOS:000285400800284 ER PT J AU Kim, SY Vedal, S Peel, JL Hannigan, MP Dutton, SJ Sheppard, L AF Kim, Sun-Young Vedal, Sverre Peel, Jennifer L. Hannigan, Michael P. Dutton, Steven J. Sheppard, Lianne TI Lag Structure of the Associations Between PM2.5 Components and Hospitalization in Denver SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of International-Society-of-Exposure-Science/International-Society-for-Envi ronmental-Epidemiology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Soc Exposure Sci, Int Soc Environm Epidemiol C1 [Kim, Sun-Young; Vedal, Sverre; Sheppard, Lianne] Univ Washington, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Peel, Jennifer L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hannigan, Michael P.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Dutton, Steven J.] US EPA, RTP, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Sheppard, Lianne] Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 SU S BP S199 EP S199 DI 10.1097/01.ede.0000392292.03735.ee PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695VN UT WOS:000285400800600 ER PT J AU Liao, DP Shaffer, M Li, XA Yanosky, J He, F Rodriguez-Colon, S Williams, R Cascio, W AF Liao, Duanping shaffer, Michele Li, Xian Yanosky, Jeff He, Fan Rodriguez-Colon, Sol Williams, Ronald Cascio, Wayne TI Acute Effects of Fine Particulate Air Pollution on Cardiac Electrophysiological Parameters SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of International-Society-of-Exposure-Science/International-Society-for-Envi ronmental-Epidemiology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Soc Exposure Sci, Int Soc Environm Epidemiol C1 [Liao, Duanping; shaffer, Michele; Li, Xian; Yanosky, Jeff; He, Fan; Rodriguez-Colon, Sol] Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Hershey, PA USA. [Williams, Ronald] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Cascio, Wayne] E Carolina Univ, Brody Sch Med, Greenville, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 SU S BP S54 EP S54 DI 10.1097/01.ede.0000391827.11590.d2 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695VN UT WOS:000285400800135 ER PT J AU Melnyk, L Brown, GG Nishioka, M Michael, L AF Melnyk, Lisa Brown, G. Gordon Nishioka, Marcia Michael, Larry TI Comparison of Individual Food Analyses to Composites for Pyrethroid Pesticides SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of International-Society-of-Exposure-Science/International-Society-for-Envi ronmental-Epidemiology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Soc Exposure Sci, Int Soc Environm Epidemiol C1 [Melnyk, Lisa] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Brown, G. Gordon; Michael, Larry] Res Triangle Inst Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Nishioka, Marcia] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 SU S BP S90 EP S90 DI 10.1097/01.ede.0000391943.17221.16 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695VN UT WOS:000285400800251 ER PT J AU Meng, QY Pinto, J AF Meng, Qingyu Pinto, Joseph TI Relationships Between Personal Exposure to Heat and Cold and Air Pollutants SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of International-Society-of-Exposure-Science/International-Society-for-Envi ronmental-Epidemiology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Soc Exposure Sci, Int Soc Environm Epidemiol C1 [Meng, Qingyu; Pinto, Joseph] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 SU S BP S21 EP S22 DI 10.1097/01.ede.0000391723.54240.3c PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695VN UT WOS:000285400800031 ER PT J AU Meyer, A Parvez, S Rivera-Nunez, Z Wright, M AF Meyer, Amy Parvez, Shahid Rivera-Nunez, Zorimar Wright, Michael TI Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Variability in Disinfection By-product Concentrations for Exposure Assessment Applications SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of International-Society-of-Exposure-Science/International-Society-for-Envi ronmental-Epidemiology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Soc Exposure Sci, Int Soc Environm Epidemiol C1 [Meyer, Amy] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Parvez, Shahid; Rivera-Nunez, Zorimar] CNR, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Wright, Michael] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RI Parvez, Shahid/J-3390-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 SU S BP S97 EP S97 DI 10.1097/01.ede.0000391963.03834.2f PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695VN UT WOS:000285400800271 ER PT J AU Nweke, O AF Nweke, Onyemaechi TI Environmental Justice in Regulatory Analysis: Potential Types of Policy and Analytical Questions and Applications of Resulting Information SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of International-Society-of-Exposure-Science/International-Society-for-Envi ronmental-Epidemiology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Soc Exposure Sci, Int Soc Environm Epidemiol C1 [Nweke, Onyemaechi] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 SU S BP S252 EP S252 DI 10.1097/01.ede.0000392467.16862.ee PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695VN UT WOS:000285400800775 ER PT J AU Ozkaynak, H AF Ozkaynak, Haluk TI Overview of EPA/NERL Cooperative Agreement Research Program on Air Pollution Exposure and Health SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of International-Society-of-Exposure-Science/International-Society-for-Envi ronmental-Epidemiology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Soc Exposure Sci, Int Soc Environm Epidemiol C1 [Ozkaynak, Haluk] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 SU S BP S30 EP S30 DI 10.1097/01.ede.0000391752.40710.9f PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695VN UT WOS:000285400800060 ER PT J AU Rich, D Kamat, L Ohman-Strickland, P Ozkaynak, H Lunden, M Barzyk, T Burke, J Baxter, L Hodas, N Turpin, B AF Rich, David Kamat, Leena Ohman-Strickland, Pamela Ozkaynak, Haluk Lunden, Melissa Barzyk, Timothy Burke, Janet Baxter, Lisa Hodas, Natasha Turpin, Barbara TI Application of Refined Exposure Surrogates in Ambient PM2.5 Epidemiology Studies: Accounting for Temporal/Spatial Variations in Particulate Matter Infiltration SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of International-Society-of-Exposure-Science/International-Society-for-Envi ronmental-Epidemiology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Soc Exposure Sci, Int Soc Environm Epidemiol C1 [Rich, David; Kamat, Leena; Ohman-Strickland, Pamela] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Sch Publ Hlth, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Ozkaynak, Haluk; Barzyk, Timothy; Burke, Janet; Baxter, Lisa] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Lunden, Melissa] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Labs, Berkeley, CA USA. [Hodas, Natasha; Turpin, Barbara] Rutgers State Univ, Sch Biol & Environm Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 SU S BP S31 EP S31 DI 10.1097/01.ede.0000391754.17840.98 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695VN UT WOS:000285400800062 ER PT J AU Sarnat, JA Sarnat, SE Crooks, J Isakov, V Touma, J Ozkaynak, H Mulholland, J Russell, A Kewada, P AF Sarnat, Jeremy A. Sarnat, Stefanie Ebelt Crooks, James Isakov, Vlad Touma, Joe Ozkaynak, Haluk Mulholland, James Russell, Armistead Kewada, Priya TI Associations Between Spatially Resolved Estimates of Traffic-related Pollution and Acute Morbidity: Assessing Agreement of Results Among Multiple Exposure Assignment Approaches SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of International-Society-of-Exposure-Science/International-Society-for-Envi ronmental-Epidemiology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Soc Exposure Sci, Int Soc Environm Epidemiol C1 [Crooks, James; Isakov, Vlad; Touma, Joe; Ozkaynak, Haluk] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Sarnat, Jeremy A.; Sarnat, Stefanie Ebelt; Kewada, Priya] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Mulholland, James; Russell, Armistead] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 SU S BP S31 EP S32 DI 10.1097/01.ede.0000391755.25463.0c PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695VN UT WOS:000285400800063 ER PT J AU Starr, J Stout, D Gemma, A AF Starr, James Stout, Daniel, II Gemma, Anthony TI Postapplication Formation of Pesticide Degradation Products in a Test House SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of International-Society-of-Exposure-Science/International-Society-for-Envi ronmental-Epidemiology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Soc Exposure Sci, Int Soc Environm Epidemiol C1 [Starr, James; Stout, Daniel, II] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, RTP, Durham, NC USA. [Gemma, Anthony] Natl Caucus & Ctr Black Aged SEE Program, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 SU S BP S230 EP S230 DI 10.1097/01.ede.0000392394.59160.a1 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695VN UT WOS:000285400800702 ER PT J AU Starr, JM Scollon, EJ Hughes, MF Graham, SE Ross, DG Crofton, KM Wolansky, M DeVito, MJ Tornero-Velez, R AF Starr, James M. Scollon, Edward J. Hughes, Michael F. Graham, Stephen E. Ross, David G. Crofton, Kevin M. Wolansky, Marcelo DeVito, Michael J. Tornero-Velez, Rogelio TI Using a Chemical Mixture of Pyrethroid Pesticides to Determine Rodent Tissue Clearance Rates SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of International-Society-of-Exposure-Science/International-Society-for-Envi ronmental-Epidemiology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Soc Exposure Sci, Int Soc Environm Epidemiol C1 [Starr, James M.; Tornero-Velez, Rogelio] US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Scollon, Edward J.; Hughes, Michael F.; Ross, David G.; Crofton, Kevin M.; Wolansky, Marcelo; DeVito, Michael J.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Scollon, Edward J.] US EPA, Div Hlth Effects, Off Pesticide Programs, Arlington, VA USA. [Graham, Stephen E.] US EPA, Hlth & Environm Impacts Div, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Wolansky, Marcelo] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept Quim Biol, Lab Toxicol Mezclas Quim LATOMEQ, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [DeVito, Michael J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Toxicol Branch, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 SU S BP S249 EP S250 DI 10.1097/01.ede.0000392458.01615.b0 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695VN UT WOS:000285400800766 ER PT J AU Tulve, N Egeghy, P Fortmann, R Xue, JP Evans, J Whitaker, D Croghan, C AF Tulve, Nicolle Egeghy, Peter Fortmann, Roy Xue, Jianping Evans, Jeff Whitaker, Donald Croghan, Carry TI Three Methodologies for Estimating Cumulative Human Exposures to Current-use Pyrethroid Pesticides SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of International-Society-of-Exposure-Science/International-Society-for-Envi ronmental-Epidemiology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Soc Exposure Sci, Int Soc Environm Epidemiol C1 [Tulve, Nicolle; Egeghy, Peter; Fortmann, Roy; Xue, Jianping; Whitaker, Donald; Croghan, Carry] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Evans, Jeff] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 SU S BP S88 EP S88 DI 10.1097/01.ede.0000391934.01974.c7 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695VN UT WOS:000285400800242 ER PT J AU Wright, JM Rivera-Nunez, Z AF Wright, J. Michael Rivera-Nunez, Zorimar TI The Effect of Disinfection By-products, Water Source, and Type of Disinfection Treatment on Adverse Birth Outcomes in Massachusetts SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of International-Society-of-Exposure-Science/International-Society-for-Envi ronmental-Epidemiology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Soc Exposure Sci, Int Soc Environm Epidemiol C1 [Wright, J. Michael] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Rivera-Nunez, Zorimar] CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 SU S BP S68 EP S68 DI 10.1097/01.ede.0000391871.47922.b7 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695VN UT WOS:000285400800179 ER PT J AU Xue, JP Zartarian, V Liu, S Geller, A AF Xue, Jianping Zartarian, Valerie Liu, Shi Geller, Andrew TI Methyl Mercury Exposure in Tribal Populations From Fish Consumption: Probabilistic SHEDS Model Analyses Using 1996-2006 NHANES and 1990-2003 Total Diet Survey Data SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of International-Society-of-Exposure-Science/International-Society-for-Envi ronmental-Epidemiology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Soc Exposure Sci, Int Soc Environm Epidemiol C1 [Xue, Jianping; Zartarian, Valerie; Liu, Shi; Geller, Andrew] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 SU S BP S183 EP S183 DI 10.1097/01.ede.0000392240.91165.5e PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695VN UT WOS:000285400800548 ER PT J AU Sonnemann, G Vigon, B Broadbent, C Curran, MA Finkbeiner, M Frischknecht, R Inaba, A Schanssema, A Stevenson, M Ugaya, CML Wang, HT Wolf, MA Valdivia, S AF Sonnemann, Guido Vigon, Bruce Broadbent, Clare Curran, Mary Ann Finkbeiner, Matthias Frischknecht, Rolf Inaba, Atsushi Schanssema, Aafko Stevenson, Martha Lie Ugaya, Cassia Maria Wang, Hongtao Wolf, Marc-Andree Valdivia, Sonia TI Process on "global guidance for LCA databases" SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT LA English DT Editorial Material DE Global guidance; Life cycle assessment; Life cycle inventory; Pellston workshop C1 [Sonnemann, Guido; Stevenson, Martha; Wang, Hongtao] UNEP DTIE Paris, SCP Branch, F-75441 Paris 09, France. [Wang, Hongtao] Sichuan Univ, Coll Architecture & Environm, Chengdu 610065, Peoples R China. [Vigon, Bruce] SETAC N Amer, Pensacola, FL 32501 USA. [Broadbent, Clare] World Steel Assoc, B-1140 Brussels, Belgium. [Curran, Mary Ann] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Finkbeiner, Matthias] Tech Univ Berlin, Chair Sustainable Engn, Dept Environm Technol, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. [Frischknecht, Rolf] ESU Serv Ltd, CH-8610 Uster, Switzerland. [Inaba, Atsushi] Nat Inst Adv Ind Sci Technol AIST, Res Ctr Life Cycle Assessment, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058569, Japan. [Wolf, Marc-Andree] Commiss European Communities, JRC, IES, Sustainabil Assessment Unit, I-21027 Ispra, Varcsc, Italy. [Valdivia, Sonia] Sustainable Consumpt & Prod Branch, F-75009 Paris, France. RP Sonnemann, G (reprint author), UNEP DTIE Paris, SCP Branch, 15 Rue Milan, F-75441 Paris 09, France. EM guido.sonnemann@unep.org; martha.j.stevenson@gmail.com; wanght.scu@gmail.com OI Curran, Mary Ann/0000-0001-8565-9928 NR 0 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 14 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0948-3349 J9 INT J LIFE CYCLE ASS JI Int. J. Life Cycle Assess. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 16 IS 1 BP 95 EP 97 DI 10.1007/s11367-010-0243-9 PG 3 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 705AW UT WOS:000286101300011 ER PT B AU Shao, Y Taff, GN Lunetta, RS AF Shao, Yang Taff, Gregory N. Lunetta, Ross S. BE Weng, Q TI Review of Selected Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer Algorithms, Data Products, and Applications SO ADVANCES IN ENVIRONMENTAL REMOTE SENSING: SENSORS, ALGORITHMS, AND APPLICATIONS SE Taylor & Francis Series in Remote Sensing Applications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID AEROSOL OPTICAL DEPTH; LEAF-AREA INDEX; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; LAND-COVER CLASSIFICATION; CENTRAL GREAT-PLAINS; REMOTELY-SENSED DATA; MODIS-NDVI DATA; TIME-SERIES; SNOW-COVER; BIDIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE C1 [Shao, Yang] US EPA, Natl Res Council, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Taff, Gregory N.] Univ Memphis, Dept Earth Sci, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. [Lunetta, Ross S.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Shao, Y (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Res Council, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 128 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-9181-6; 978-1-4200-9175-5 J9 T&F SER REMOTE SENS PY 2011 BP 31 EP 55 D2 10.1201/b10599 PG 25 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BC2WS UT WOS:000351396200003 ER PT J AU Chang, WL Bhave, PV Brown, SS Riemer, N Stutz, J Dabdub, D AF Chang, Wayne L. Bhave, Prakash V. Brown, Steven S. Riemer, Nicole Stutz, Jochen Dabdub, Donald TI Heterogeneous Atmospheric Chemistry, Ambient Measurements, and Model Calculations of N2O5: A Review SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RING-DOWN SPECTROSCOPY; NOCTURNAL BOUNDARY-LAYER; DIFFERENTIAL OPTICAL-ABSORPTION; IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; IN-SITU DETECTION; LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; MINERAL DUST SURROGATES; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; LONG-TERM OBSERVATION; AIR-QUALITY MODELS AB For several decades, dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) has been recognized as an important reactive intermediate in the atmospheric chemistry of nitrogen oxides and nitrate aerosol, especially during nighttime. However, due to the lack of ambient observations of N2O5, the nocturnal nitrogen oxide chemistry could not be quantified until recent years. The objective of the present article is to assess the current state-of-the-art knowledge of N2O5 dynamics within the tropospheric aerosol. An up-to-date summary of N2O5 chemistry and major loss mechanisms are provided. Furthermore, techniques for measuring ambient N2O5 and an overview of typical N2O5 levels in the troposphere are described. In addition, model representations of N2O5 chemistry are reviewed along with key features of N2O5 vertical profiles based on numerical simulations. Lastly, the article provides the outstanding uncertainties and needs for further research into the atmospheric chemistry of N2O5. These include the need for better characterization of N2O5 heterogeneous uptake under temperature conditions characteristic of mid-and high-latitude winter seasons; greater understanding of the influence of individual aerosol components on N2O5 uptake and representation of these components in atmospheric models; and comprehensive descriptions of nighttime vertical profiles of N2O5 and related pollutants. C1 [Chang, Wayne L.; Dabdub, Donald] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. [Bhave, Prakash V.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Brown, Steven S.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. [Riemer, Nicole] Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Stutz, Jochen] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Dabdub, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. EM ddabdub@uci.edu RI Brown, Steven/I-1762-2013; Bhave, Prakash/L-1958-2013; Stutz, Jochen/K-7159-2014; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015 OI Bhave, Prakash/0000-0002-2573-951X; FU California Air Resource Board (ARB) FX This review article was motivated by a series of presentations at the 2007 International Aerosol Modeling Algorithms conference in Davis, California. We are appreciative of funding from the California Air Resource Board (ARB) and grateful to Dr. Ajith Kaduwala for his support. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) through its Office of Research and Development collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. We also thank Susan Forbes (US EPA) for her assistance with literature searches, and William R. Simpson, Randy Apodaca, Timothy Bertram, and Ezra Wood for providing several figures. Furthermore, we extend our thanks to the reviewers for their invaluable constructive comments and suggestions that have truly improved the quality of this work. NR 182 TC 73 Z9 75 U1 9 U2 108 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0278-6826 EI 1521-7388 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 45 IS 6 BP 665 EP 695 DI 10.1080/02786826.2010.551672 PG 31 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 730CG UT WOS:000288007300001 ER PT J AU Kumar, N Chu, AD Foster, AD Peters, T Willis, R AF Kumar, Naresh Chu, Allen D. Foster, Andrew D. Peters, Thomas Willis, Robert TI Satellite Remote Sensing for Developing Time and Space Resolved Estimates of Ambient Particulate in Cleveland, OH SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AEROSOL OPTICAL DEPTH; AIR-QUALITY; MODIS; VALIDATION; POLLUTION; PM2.5; LAND; RETRIEVAL; THICKNESS; MATTER AB This article empirically demonstrates the use of fine resolution satellite-based aerosol optical depth (AOD) to develop time and space resolved estimates of ambient particulate matter (PM) <= 2.5 mu m and <= 10 mu m in aerodynamic diameters (PM2.5 and PM10, respectively). AOD was computed at three different spatial resolutions, i.e., 2 km (means 2 km x 2 km area at nadir), 5 km, and 10 km, by using the data from MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), aboard the Terra and Aqua satellites. Multiresolution AOD from MODIS (AOD(MODIS)) was compared with the in situ measurements of AOD by NASA's AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) sunphotometer (AOD(AERONET)) at Bondville, IL, to demonstrate the advantages of the fine resolution AODMODIS over the 10-km AOD(MODIS), especially for air quality prediction. An instrumental regression that corrects AOD(MODIS) for meteorological conditions was used for developing a PM predictive model. The 2-km AOD(MODIS) aggregated within 0.025 degrees and 15-min intervals shows the best association with the in situ measurements of AOD(AERONET). The 2-km AOD(MODIS) seems more promising to estimate time and space resolved estimates of ambient PM than the 10-km AOD(MODIS), because of better location precision and a significantly greater number of data points across geographic space and time. Utilizing the collocated AOD(MODIS) and PM data in Cleveland, OH, a regression model was developed for predicting PM for all AOD(MODIS) data points. Our analysis suggests that the slope of the 2-km AOD(MODIS) (instrumented on meteorological conditions) is close to unity with the PM monitored on the ground. These results should be interpreted with caution, because the slope of AOD(MODIS) ranges from 0.52 to 1.72 in the site-specific models. In the cross validation of the overall model, the root mean square error (RMSE) of PM10 was smaller (2.04 mu g/m(3) in overall model) than that of PM2.5 (2.5 mu g/m(3)). The predicted PM in the AODMODIS data (similar to 2.34 million data points) was utilized to develop a systematic grid of daily PM at 5-km spatial resolution with the aid of spatiotemporal Kriging. C1 [Kumar, Naresh] Univ Iowa, Dept Geog, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Chu, Allen D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Washington, DC 20546 USA. [Foster, Andrew D.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Peters, Thomas] Univ Iowa, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth, Iowa City, IA USA. [Willis, Robert] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kumar, N (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Geog, 316 Jessup Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM naresh-kumar@uiowa.edu RI Wang, Linden/M-6617-2014 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [RFQ-RT-10-00204]; NIH [R21 ES014004-01A2]; EPA [RFQ-RT-10-00204, R833865] FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under RFQ-RT-10-00204 to the University of Iowa. It has been subjected to Agency Review and approved for publication.; This research was supported by NIH (R21 ES014004-01A2) and EPA (R833865; RFQ-RT-10-00204). We would like to thank the two anonymous referees for providing us with constructive comments and suggestions that allowed us to improve the quality of the initial sub-mission. NR 33 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 19 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0278-6826 EI 1521-7388 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 45 IS 9 BP 1090 EP 1108 DI 10.1080/02786826.2011.581256 PG 19 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 776IR UT WOS:000291528200005 PM 22238503 ER PT J AU Crofton, KM Mundy, WR Lein, PJ Bal-Price, A Coecke, S Seiler, AEM Knaut, H Buzanska, L Goldberg, A AF Crofton, Kevin M. Mundy, William R. Lein, Pamela J. Bal-Price, Anna Coecke, Sandra Seiler, Andrea E. M. Knaut, Holger Buzanska, Leonora Goldberg, Alan TI Developmental Neurotoxicity Testing: Recommendations for Developing Alternative Methods for the Screening and Prioritization of Chemicals SO ALTEX-ALTERNATIVES TO ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION LA English DT Article DE developmental neurotoxicity; screening; in vitro models ID NEURITE OUTGROWTH; IN-VITRO; HIGH-THROUGHPUT; RISK-ASSESSMENT; PC12 CELLS; CULTURES; VALIDATION; VIABILITY; VALIDITY; NEURON AB Developmental neurotoxicity testing (DNT) is perceived by many stakeholders to be an area in critical need of alternative methods to current animal testing protocols and guidelines. An immediate goal is to develop test methods that are capable of screening large numbers of chemicals. This document provides recommendations for developing alternative DNT approaches that will generate the type of data required for evaluating and comparing predictive capacity and efficiency across test methods and laboratories. These recommendations were originally drafted to stimulate and focus discussions of alternative testing methods and models for DNT at the TestSmart DNT II meeting (http://caat.jhsph.edu/programs/workshops/dnt2.html) and this document reflects critical feedback from all stakeholders that participated in this meeting. The intent of this document is to serve as a catalyst for engaging the research community in the development of DNT alternatives and it is expected that these recommendations will continue to evolve with the science. C1 [Crofton, Kevin M.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Lein, Pamela J.] Univ Calif Davis, UC Davis Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Bal-Price, Anna; Coecke, Sandra; Knaut, Holger] European Ctr Validat Alternat Methods ECVAM, European Commiss Joint Res Ctr, Inst Hlth & Consumer Protect, In Vitro Methods Unit, Ispra, Italy. [Seiler, Andrea E. M.] Ctr Alternat Methods Anim Expt ZEBET, Fed Inst Risk Assessment BfR, Berlin, Germany. [Buzanska, Leonora] Polish Acad Sci, Mossakowski Med Res Ctr, Warsaw, Poland. Johns Hopkins Univ, Ctr Alternat Anim Testing, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Crofton, KM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, MD B105-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM crofton.kevin@epamail.epa.gov RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015 OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971 NR 32 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPEKTRUM AKAD VERLAG PI HEIDELBERG PA SLEVOGTSTRASSE 3-5, D-69126 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1868-596X J9 ALTEX-ALTERN ANIM EX JI ALTEX-Altern. Anim. Exp. PY 2011 VL 28 IS 1 BP 9 EP 15 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 734SQ UT WOS:000288358600003 PM 21311847 ER PT J AU Hartung, T Blaauboer, BJ Bosgra, S Carney, E Coenen, J Conolly, RB Corsini, E Green, S Faustman, EM Gaspari, A Hayashi, M Hayes, AW Hengstler, JG Knudsen, LE Knudsen, TB McKim, JM Pfaller, W Roggen, EL AF Hartung, Thomas Blaauboer, Bas J. Bosgra, Sieto Carney, Edward Coenen, Joachim Conolly, Rory B. Corsini, Emanuela Green, Sidney Faustman, Elaine M. Gaspari, Anthony Hayashi, Makoto Hayes, A. Wallace Hengstler, Jan G. Knudsen, Lisbeth E. Knudsen, Thomas B. McKim, James M. Pfaller, Walter Roggen, Erwin L. TI An Expert Consortium Review of the EC-commissioned Report "Alternative (Non-Animal) Methods for Cosmetics Testing: Current Status and Future Prospects-2010" SO ALTEX-ALTERNATIVES TO ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION LA English DT Review DE alternatives to animal testing; 3Rs; toxicology; novel approaches; product safety ID MOUSE EMBRYONIC FIBROBLAST; IN-VITRO; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY; IMMUNOTOXICITY; CHEMICALS; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION; PREDICTION; EXPOSURE AB The European cosmetics legislation foresees a review in 2011 and possible postponement of the 2013 marketing ban to enforce the testing ban for systemic and repeated-dose animal tests. For this purpose, a 119-page report commissioned by the European Commission was published recently. Here, a group of 17 independent experts from the US, Europe, and Japan was brought together to evaluate the report. The expert panel strongly endorsed the report and its conclusions. A number of important options not considered were identified; these do not, however, affect the overall conclusions regarding the current lack of availability of a full replacement, especially for the areas of repeated dose toxicity, carcinogenicity testing, and reproductive toxicity, though a roadmap for change is emerging. However, some of these options may provide adequate data for replacement of some animal studies in the near future pending validation. Various recommendations expand the original report. The reviewers agree with the report that there is greater promise in the short term for the areas of sensitization and toxicokinetics. Additional opportunities lie in more global collaborations and the inclusion of other industry sectors. C1 [Hartung, Thomas] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, CAAT, Baltimore, MD USA. [Hartung, Thomas] Univ Konstanz, CAAT Europe, D-7750 Constance, Germany. [Blaauboer, Bas J.] Univ Utrecht, Doerenkamp Zbinden Chair Alternat Anim Testing To, Inst Risk Assessment Sci, Div Toxicol, NL-3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands. [Bosgra, Sieto] TNO, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Carney, Edward] Dow Chem Co USA, Predict Toxicol, Midland, MI 48674 USA. [Coenen, Joachim] Merck Serono, Anim Sci & Welf, R&D Qual Assurance Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany. [Conolly, Rory B.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Corsini, Emanuela] Univ Milan, Sch Pharm, I-20122 Milan, Italy. [Green, Sidney] Howard Univ, Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol, Washington, DC 20059 USA. [Faustman, Elaine M.] Univ Washington, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Inst Risk Anal & Risk Commun, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Gaspari, Anthony] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Hayashi, Makoto] Biosafety Res Ctr, Shizuoka, Japan. [Hayes, A. Wallace] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Hengstler, Jan G.] TU Dortmund, Leibniz Res Ctr IfADo, Dortmund, Germany. [Knudsen, Lisbeth E.] Univ Copenhagen, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Publ Hlth, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Knudsen, Thomas B.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [McKim, James M.] CeeTox Inc, Kalamazoo, MI USA. [Pfaller, Walter] Innsbruck Med Univ, Dept Physiol & Med Phys, Div Physiol, Innsbruck, Austria. [Roggen, Erwin L.] Novozymes AS, Bagsvaerd, Denmark. RP Hartung, T (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Alternat Anim Testing, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM THartung@jhsph.edu RI pfaller, walter/A-8803-2010; Hengstler, Jan/O-1415-2013; OI Knudsen, Lisbeth E./0000-0002-9576-1202 FU Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation FX a report of t4 - the transatlantic think tank for toxicology, a collaboration of the toxicolgically oriented chairs in Baltimore, Konstanz and Utrecht sponsored by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation NR 47 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 15 PU SPEKTRUM AKAD VERLAG PI HEIDELBERG PA SLEVOGTSTRASSE 3-5, D-69126 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1868-596X J9 ALTEX-ALTERN ANIM EX JI ALTEX-Altern. Anim. Exp. PY 2011 VL 28 IS 3 BP 183 EP 209 PG 27 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 829IZ UT WOS:000295573100003 PM 21993956 ER PT J AU Silbergeld, EK Contreras, EQ Hartung, T Hirsch, C Hogberg, H Jachak, AC Jordan, W Landsiedel, R Morris, J Patri, A Pounds, JG Ruiz, AD Shvedova, A Tanguay, R Tatarazako, N van Vliet, E Walker, NJ Wiesner, M Wilcox, N Zurlo, J AF Silbergeld, Ellen K. Contreras, Elizabeth Q. Hartung, Thomas Hirsch, Cordula Hogberg, Helena Jachak, Ashish C. Jordan, William Landsiedel, Robert Morris, Jeffery Patri, Anil Pounds, Joel G. de Vizcaya Ruiz, Andrea Shvedova, Anna Tanguay, Robert Tatarazako, Norihasa van Vliet, Erwin Walker, Nigel J. Wiesner, Mark Wilcox, Neil Zurlo, Joanne TI Nanotoxicology: "The End of the Beginning" - Signs on the Roadmap to a Strategy for Assuring the Safe Application and Use of Nanomaterials SO ALTEX-ALTERNATIVES TO ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION LA English DT Article DE nanomaterials; nanotoxicology; alternative methods; 3Rs; Tox-21c AB In October 2010, a group of experts met as part of the transatlantic think tank for toxicology (t(4)) to exchange ideas about the current status and future of safety testing of nanomaterials. At present, there is no widely accepted path forward to assure appropriate and effective hazard identification for engineered nanomaterials. The group discussed needs for characterization of nanomaterials and identified testing protocols that incorporate the use of innovative alternative whole models such as zebrafish or C. elegans, as well as in vitro or alternative methods to examine specific functional pathways and modes of action. The group proposed elements of a potential testing scheme for nanomaterials that works towards an integrated testing strategy, incorporating the goals of the NRC report Toxicity Testing in the 21(st) Century: A Vision and a Strategy by focusing on pathways of toxic response, and utilizing an evidence-based strategy for developing the knowledge base for safety assessment. Finally, the group recommended that a reliable, open, curated database be developed that interfaces with existing databases to enable sharing of information. C1 [Silbergeld, Ellen K.; Jachak, Ashish C.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD USA. [Contreras, Elizabeth Q.] Rice Univ, Dept Chem, Houston, TX USA. [Hartung, Thomas; Hogberg, Helena; van Vliet, Erwin; Zurlo, Joanne] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Alternat Anim Testing, Baltimore, MD USA. [Hirsch, Cordula] Empa Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, St Gallen, Switzerland. [Jordan, William; Morris, Jeffery] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Landsiedel, Robert] BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany. [Patri, Anil] NCI, Nanotechnol Characterizat Lab, NIH, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. [Pounds, Joel G.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [de Vizcaya Ruiz, Andrea] CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. [Shvedova, Anna] CDC, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Morgantown, WV USA. [Tanguay, Robert] Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Tatarazako, Norihasa] Natl Inst Environm Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Walker, Nigel J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Walker, Nigel J.] NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Wiesner, Mark] Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Wilcox, Neil] US FDA, Off Cosmet & Colors, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD USA. RP Zurlo, J (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Ctr Alternat Anim Testing, 615 N Wolfe St,W7032, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM jzurlo@jhsph.edu RI Landsiedel, Robert/D-1960-2012; Walker, Nigel/D-6583-2012; Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, NCL/K-8454-2012 OI Landsiedel, Robert/0000-0003-3756-1904; Walker, Nigel/0000-0002-9111-6855; FU Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation FX We thank the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation for sponsoring this workshop as part of the t4 activities. NR 5 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPEKTRUM AKAD VERLAG PI HEIDELBERG PA SLEVOGTSTRASSE 3-5, D-69126 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1868-596X J9 ALTEX-ALTERN ANIM EX JI ALTEX-Altern. Anim. Exp. PY 2011 VL 28 IS 3 BP 236 EP 241 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 829IZ UT WOS:000295573100006 PM 21993959 ER PT J AU Waggoner, JK Kullman, GJ Henneberger, PK Umbach, DM Blair, A Alavanja, MCR Kamel, F Lynch, CF Knott, C London, SJ Hines, CJ Thomas, KW Sandler, DP Lubin, JH Freeman, LE Hoppin, JA AF Waggoner, Jenna K. Kullman, Greg J. Henneberger, Paul K. Umbach, David M. Blair, Aaron Alavanja, Michael C. R. Kamel, Freya Lynch, Charles F. Knott, Charles London, Stephanie J. Hines, Cynthia J. Thomas, Kent W. Sandler, Dale P. Lubin, Jay H. Beane Freeman, Laura E. Hoppin, Jane A. TI Mortality in the Agricultural Health Study, 1993-2007 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE agriculture; healthy worker effect; mortality; neoplasms; pesticides; wounds and injuries ID PESTICIDE APPLICATORS; PROSTATE-CANCER; INJURY MORTALITY; UNITED-STATES; FARMERS; RISK; EXPOSURE; METAANALYSES; COHORT; WIVES AB Comparing agricultural cohorts with the general population is challenging because the general healthiness of farmers may mask potential adverse health effects of farming. Using data from the Agricultural Health Study, a cohort of 89,656 pesticide applicators and their spouses (N = 89, 656) in North Carolina and Iowa, the authors computed standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) comparing deaths from time of the enrollment (1993-1997) through 2007 to state-specific rates. To compensate for the cohort's overall healthiness, relative SMRs were estimated by calculating the SMR for each cause relative to the SMR for all other causes. In 1,198,129 person-years of follow-up, 6,419 deaths were observed. The all-cause mortality rate was less than expected (SMRapplicators = 0.54, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.52, 0.55; SMRspouses = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.50, 0.55). SMRs for all cancers, heart disease, and diabetes were significantly below 1.0. In contrast, applicators experienced elevated numbers of machine-related deaths (SMR = 4.15, 95% CI: 3.18, 5.31), motor vehicle nontraffic accidents (SMR = 2.80, 95% CI: 1.81, 4.14), and collisions with objects (SMR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.25, 3.34). In the relative SMR analysis for applicators, the relative mortality ratio was elevated for lymphohematopoietic cancers, melanoma, and digestive system, prostate, kidney, and brain cancers. Among spouses, relative SMRs exceeded 1.0 for lymphohematopoietic cancers and malignancies of the digestive system, brain, breast, and ovary. Unintentional fatal injuries remain an important risk for farmers; mortality ratios from several cancers were elevated relative to other causes. C1 [Waggoner, Jenna K.; Kamel, Freya; London, Stephanie J.; Sandler, Dale P.; Hoppin, Jane A.] NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Waggoner, Jenna K.; Kullman, Greg J.; Henneberger, Paul K.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Umbach, David M.] NIEHS, Biostat Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Blair, Aaron; Alavanja, Michael C. R.; Lubin, Jay H.; Beane Freeman, Laura E.] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Rockville, MD USA. [Lynch, Charles F.] Univ Iowa, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. [Knott, Charles] Battelle Mem Inst, Durham, NC USA. [Hines, Cynthia J.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Thomas, Kent W.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hoppin, JA (reprint author), NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, MD A3-05,POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM hoppin1@niehs.nih.gov RI Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015; OI Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124; Kamel, Freya/0000-0001-5052-6615; London, Stephanie/0000-0003-4911-5290; Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018 FU Association of Schools of Public Health/Centers for Disease Control; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; National Institutes of Health; National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01-ES049030]; National Institutes of Health National Cancer Institute [Z01-CP010119] FX This work was supported by the Association of Schools of Public Health/Centers for Disease Control fellowship program; the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health; and the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01-ES049030) and the National Institutes of Health National Cancer Institute (Z01-CP010119). NR 42 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 19 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JAN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 IS 1 BP 71 EP 83 DI 10.1093/aje/kwq323 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695ZR UT WOS:000285412200008 PM 21084556 ER PT J AU Adamkiewicz, G Zota, AR Fabian, MP Chahine, T Julien, R Spengler, JD Levy, JI AF Adamkiewicz, Gary Zota, Ami R. Fabian, M. Patricia Chahine, Teresa Julien, Rhona Spengler, John D. Levy, Jonathan I. TI Moving Environmental Justice Indoors: Understanding Structural Influences on Residential Exposure Patterns in Low-Income Communities SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID AMBIENT AIR TOXICS; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; ALLERGEN CONCENTRATIONS; ASTHMATIC-CHILDREN; PARTICULATE MATTER; BUILT ENVIRONMENT; SUBURBAN HOMES; UNITED-STATES; MENTAL-HEALTH AB Objectives. The indoor environment has not been fully incorporated into the environmental justice dialogue. To inform strategies to reduce disparities, we developed a framework to identify the individual and place-based drivers of indoor environment quality. Methods. We reviewed empirical evidence of socioeconomic disparities in indoor exposures and key determinants of these exposures for air pollutants, lead, allergens, and semivolatile organic compounds. We also used an indoor air quality model applied to multifamily housing to illustrate how nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)) and fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)) vary as a function of factors known to be influenced by socioeconomic status. Results. Indoor concentrations of multiple pollutants are elevated in low-socioeconomic status households. Differences in these exposures are driven by the combined influences of indoor sources, outdoor sources, physical structures, and residential activity patterns. Simulation models confirmed indoor sources' importance in determining indoor NO(2) and PM(2.5) exposures and showed the influence of household-specific determinants. Conclusions. Both theoretical models and empirical evidence emphasized that disparities in indoor environmental exposure can be significant. Understanding key determinants of multiple indoor exposures can aid in developing policies to reduce these disparities. (Am J Public Health. 2011;101:S238-S245. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300119) C1 [Adamkiewicz, Gary] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Landmark Ctr W, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Fabian, M. Patricia; Levy, Jonathan I.] Boston Univ, Dept Environm Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Zota, Ami R.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Program Reprod Hlth & Environm, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Julien, Rhona] US EPA, Boston, MA USA. RP Adamkiewicz, G (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Landmark Ctr W, 401 Pk Dr,Room 404K, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM gadamkie@hsph.harvard.edu RI Levy, Jon/B-4542-2011; OI Levy, Jon/0000-0002-1116-4006; Fabian, M. Patricia/0000-0002-1658-3349 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [R21ES017522] FX The project was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (award number R21ES017522). NR 67 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 4 U2 42 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PY 2011 VL 101 SU 1 BP S238 EP S245 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300119 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 849QU UT WOS:000297141000035 PM 21836112 ER PT J AU Lobdell, DT Jagai, JS Rappazzo, K Messer, LC AF Lobdell, Danelle T. Jagai, Jyotsna S. Rappazzo, Kristen Messer, Lynne C. TI Data Sources for an Environmental Quality Index: Availability, Quality, and Utility SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID SWINE FEEDING OPERATIONS; AIR-POLLUTION; HEALTH DISPARITIES; HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS; BUILT ENVIRONMENT; MORTALITY-RATES; UNITED-STATES; BIRTH-WEIGHT; EXPOSURE; JUSTICE AB Objectives. An environmental quality index (EQI) for all counties in the United States is under development to explore the relationship between environmental insults and human health. The EQI is potentially useful for investigators researching health disparities to account for other concurrent environmental conditions. This article focused on the identification and assessment of data sources used in developing the EQI. Data source strengths, limitations, and utility were addressed. Methods. Five domains were identified that contribute to environmental quality: air, water, land, built, and sociodemographic environments. An inventory of possible data sources was created. Data sources were evaluated for appropriate spatial and temporal coverage and data quality. Results. The overall data inventory identified multiple data sources for each domain. From the inventory (187 sources, 617 records), the air, water, land, built environment, and sociodemographic domains retained 2, 9, 7, 4, and 2 data sources for inclusion in the EQI, respectively. However, differences in data quality, geographic coverage, and data availability existed between the domains. Conclusions. The data sources identified for use in the EQI may be useful to researchers, advocates, and communities to explore specific environmental quality questions. (Am J Public Health. 2011;101:S277-S285. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300184) C1 [Lobdell, Danelle T.; Jagai, Jyotsna S.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rappazzo, Kristen] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Messer, Lynne C.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Duke Global Hlth Inst, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Messer, Lynne C.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Childrens Environm Hlth Initiat, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Lobdell, DT (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, MD 58A, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM lobdell.danelle@epa.gov FU Office of Research and Development (ORD); US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [WCF DP26H0001, EP09D000003]; EPA Cooperative Agreement with the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill [CR83323601] FX The Office of Research and Development (ORD), US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), partially funded the research with CSC and L. C. Messer (Contracts WCF DP26H0001 and EP09D000003) with L. C. Messer and under EPA Cooperative Agreement with the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (CR83323601). NR 76 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PY 2011 VL 101 SU 1 BP S277 EP S285 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300184 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 849QU UT WOS:000297141000040 PM 21836111 ER PT J AU Nweke, OC Garcia, L Lee, C Case, H Payne-Sturges, D Sanders, WH Zenick, H Grevatt, P Dankwa-Mullan, I AF Nweke, Onyemaechi C. Garcia, Lisa Lee, Charles Case, Heather Payne-Sturges, Devon Sanders, William H., III Zenick, Hal Grevatt, Peter Dankwa-Mullan, Irene TI Symposium on Integrating the Science of Environmental Justice into Decision-Making at the Environmental Protection Agency: An Overview SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material ID NEIGHBORHOOD PSYCHOSOCIAL HAZARDS; COMBINED MATERNAL LEAD; AMBIENT AIR-POLLUTION; HEALTH DISPARITIES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; DIFFERENTIAL VULNERABILITY; PRETERM BIRTH; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; COGNITIVE FUNCTION; BALTIMORE-MEMORY AB In March 2010, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) collaborated with government and nongovernmental organizations to host a groundbreaking symposium, "Strengthening Environmental Justice Research and Decision Making: A Symposium on the Science of Disproportionate Environmental Health Impacts." The symposium provided a forum for discourse on the state of scientific knowledge about factors identified by EPA that may contribute to higher burdens of environmental exposure or risk in racial/ethnic minorities and low-income populations. Also featured were discussions on how environmental justice considerations may be integrated into EPA's analytical and decision-making frameworks and on research needs for advancing the integration of environmental justice into environmental policymaking. We summarize key discussions and conclusions from the symposium and briefly introduce the articles in this issue. (Am J Public Health. 2011;101:S19-S26. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300368) C1 [Nweke, Onyemaechi C.; Garcia, Lisa; Lee, Charles; Case, Heather] US EPA, Off Environm Justice, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Payne-Sturges, Devon; Sanders, William H., III] Natl Ctr Erwimnm Res, Washington, DC USA. [Zenick, Hal] Natl Hlth & Environm Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Grevatt, Peter] US EPA, Off Childrens Hlth Protect, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Dankwa-Mullan, Irene] Natl Inst Minor Hlth & Hlth Dispar, Off Innovat & Coordinat, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Nweke, OC (reprint author), US EPA, Off Environm Justice, MC 2201A,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM nweke.onyemaechi@epa.gov NR 83 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 17 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PY 2011 VL 101 SU 1 BP S19 EP S26 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300368 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 849QU UT WOS:000297141000007 PM 22028456 ER PT J AU Nweke, OC Lee, C AF Nweke, Onyemaechi C. Lee, Charles TI Achieving Environmental Justice: Perspectives on the Path Forward Through Collective Action to Eliminate Health Disparities SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Nweke, Onyemaechi C.] US EPA, Off Environm Justice, Off Enforcement & Compliance, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Nweke, OC (reprint author), US EPA, Off Environm Justice, Off Enforcement & Compliance, MC 2201A,1200 Penn Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM nweke.onyemaechi@epa.gov NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PY 2011 VL 101 SU 1 BP S6 EP S8 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300377 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 849QU UT WOS:000297141000002 PM 22028455 ER PT J AU Payne-Sturges, D AF Payne-Sturges, Devon TI Humanizing Science at the US Environmental Protection Agency SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material ID HEALTH DISPARITIES; INEQUALITY C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Res, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Payne-Sturges, D (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Res, 1200 Penn Ave NW,Mail Code 8723P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM payne-sturges.devon@epa.gov NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PY 2011 VL 101 SU 1 BP S8 EP S12 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300369 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 849QU UT WOS:000297141000003 PM 22028453 ER PT J AU Zartarian, VG Schultz, BD Barzyk, TM Smuts, M Hammond, DM Medina-Vera, M Geller, AM AF Zartarian, Valerie G. Schultz, Bradley D. Barzyk, Timothy M. Smuts, MaryBeth Hammond, Davyda M. Medina-Vera, Myriam Geller, Andrew M. TI The Environmental Protection Agency's Community-Focused Exposure and Risk Screening Tool (C-FERST) and Its Potential Use for Environmental Justice Efforts SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID HEALTH; HOMES AB Objectives. Our primary objective was to provide higher quality, more accessible science to address challenges of characterizing local-scale exposures and risks for enhanced community-based assessments and environmental decision-making. Methods. After identifying community needs, priority environmental issues, and current tools, we designed and populated the Community-Focused Exposure and Risk Screening Tool (C-FEAST) in collaboration with stakeholders, following a set of defined principles, and considered it in the context of environmental justice. Results. C-FEAST is a geographic information system and resource access Web tool under development for supporting multimedia community assessments. Community-level exposure and risk research is being conducted to address specific local issues through case studies. Conclusions. C-FERST can be applied to support environmental justice efforts. It incorporates research to develop community-level data and modeled estimates for priority environmental issues, and other relevant information identified by communities. Initial case studies are under way to refine and test the tool to expand its applicability and transferability. Opportunities exist for scientists to address the many research needs in characterizing local cumulative exposures and risks and for community partners to apply and refine C-FERST. (Am J Public Health. 2011;101:S286-S294. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2010.300087) C1 [Zartarian, Valerie G.; Schultz, Bradley D.; Barzyk, Timothy M.; Hammond, Davyda M.; Medina-Vera, Myriam; Geller, Andrew M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Smuts, MaryBeth] EPAs New England Reg 1 Off, Boston, MA USA. RP Zartarian, VG (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr,E205-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM zartarian.valerie@epa.gov NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PY 2011 VL 101 SU 1 BP S286 EP S294 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2010.300087 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 849QU UT WOS:000297141000041 PM 22021316 ER PT J AU de la Cruz, AA Antoniou, MG Hiskia, A Pelaez, M Song, WH O'Shea, KE He, XX Dionysiou, DD AF de la Cruz, Armah A. Antoniou, Maria G. Hiskia, Anastasia Pelaez, Miguel Song, Weihua O'Shea, Kevin E. He, Xuexiang Dionysiou, Dionysios D. TI Can We Effectively Degrade Microcystins? - Implications on Human Health SO ANTI-CANCER AGENTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Biodegradation; degradation; hydroxyl radicals; photolysis; ozone; sonolysis; sulfate radicals ID CYANOBACTERIAL HEPATOTOXIN MICROCYSTIN; ULTRASONICALLY INDUCED DEGRADATION; PRIMARY LIVER-CANCER; BLUE-GREEN-ALGAE; WATER-TREATMENT; BACTERIAL-DEGRADATION; PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION; BLOOM CONTROL; SAND FILTER; GROWTH-INHIBITION AB Microcystins are cyclic heptapeptide toxins produced by a number of genera of cyanobacteria. They are ubiquitous in bodies of water worldwide and pose significant hazard to human, plant, and animal health. Microcystins are primarily hepatotoxins known to inhibit serine-threonine phosphatases leading to the disruption of cascade of events important in the regulation and control of cellular processes. Covalent binding of microcystins with phosphatases is thought to be responsible for the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of microcystins. In addition, microcystins can trigger oxidative stress in cells resulting in necrosis or apoptosis. Their cyclic structure and novel amino acids enhance their stability and persistence in the environment. Humans are primarily exposed to microcystins via drinking water consumption and accidental ingestion of recreational water. Recreational exposure by skin contact or inhalation to microcystins is now recognized to cause a wide range of acute illnesses which can be life-threatening. Microcystins are primarily degraded by microorganisms in the environment, while sunlight can cause the isomerization of the double bonds and hydroxylation in the presence of pigments. Attempts to utilize these organisms in sand and membrane filters to treat water contaminated with microcystins showed complete removal and detoxification. Conventional water treatment processes may not fully eliminate microcystins when there are high levels of organic compounds especially during harmful bloom events. Combination of conventional and advanced oxidation technologies can potentially remove 100% of microcystins in water even in turbid conditions. This review covers selected treatment technologies to degrade microcystins in water. C1 [Pelaez, Miguel; He, Xuexiang; Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn & Sci Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [de la Cruz, Armah A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Antoniou, Maria G.] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Environm Engn, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Hiskia, Anastasia] Natl Ctr Sci Res Demokritos, Lab Catalyt Photocatalyt Proc Solar Energy Enviro, Agia Paraskevi Athens 15310, Greece. [Song, Weihua; O'Shea, Kevin E.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Miami, FL 33183 USA. RP Dionysiou, DD (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn & Sci Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM dionysios.d.dionysiou@uc.edu RI Song, Weihua/B-6931-2011; He, Xuexiang/D-7564-2017; OI Song, Weihua/0000-0001-7633-7919; Antoniou, Maria G./0000-0003-0738-6068 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [R833223]; European Commission [227017]; Research DG of the European Commission; US National Science Foundation [BES-0448117] FX D. D. Dionysiou and K. E. O'Shea acknowledge support for this work from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (R833223). D. D. Dionysiou and A. Hiskia acknowledge support from the European Commission (Clean Water - Grant Agreement number 227017). Clean Water is a Collaborative Project co-funded by the Research DG of the European Commission within the joint RTD activities of the Environment and NMP Thematic Priorities/FP7. D. Dionysiou also acknowledges support on his work on sulfate radicals from the US National Science Foundation through a CAREER award (BES-0448117). NR 137 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 8 U2 57 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1871-5206 J9 ANTI-CANCER AGENT ME JI Anti-Cancer Agents Med. Chem. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 11 IS 1 BP 19 EP 37 PG 19 WC Oncology; Chemistry, Medicinal SC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 743BW UT WOS:000288991900003 PM 21269255 ER PT J AU Kelly, JR AF Kelly, John R. TI Ecology of Lake Superior: Preface and Prospectus SO AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM HEALTH & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Kelly, JR (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1463-4988 J9 AQUAT ECOSYST HEALTH JI Aquat. Ecosyst. Health Manag. PY 2011 VL 14 IS 4 BP 329 EP 331 DI 10.1080/14634988.2011.633779 PG 3 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 866BZ UT WOS:000298355900002 ER PT J AU Kelly, JR Yurista, PM Miller, SE Cotter, AC Corry, TC Scharold, JV Sierszen, ME Isaac, EJ Stockwell, JD AF Kelly, John R. Yurista, Peder M. Miller, Samuel E. Cotter, Anne C. Corry, Timothy C. Scharold, Jill V. Sierszen, Michael E. Isaac, Edmund J. Stockwell, Jason D. TI Challenges to Lake Superior's condition, assessment, and management: A few observations across a generation of change SO AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM HEALTH & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE water quality; biology; generational trends; environmental assessment ID GREAT-LAKES; BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES; ABUNDANCE; DIPOREIA; PATTERNS; FISHES; TRENDS; HARBOR AB Selected comparisons of water quality and biological properties in lakewide samplings of the early 1970s and 2005-2006 illustrate a range of ecological changes within Lake Superior over the last three decades. Comparisons depict warmed surface layers, and increased chloride and nitrate concentrations-confirming trends described in recent literature. Our comparisons also depict some spatial dimensions of change, showing vertical and horizontal patterns throughout the lake as a function of depth and from shallow to deepest waters. The selected physico-chemical examples speak to different scales of source drivers for change (from local, to basinwide, and even global) and highlight a lake in which some fundamental properties have been influenced in a short period relative to its long flushing time (similar to 170 years). One legacy of the past 30 years of study seems clear: the notion that Lake Superior, due to its vastness, is resistant to environmental forcing and very slow to change, has been modified. We use two important biological components to evaluate change and also to contrast biological distributions, highlighting that some fundamental aspects of food webs vary with depth. Reflecting on these observations, we offer a perspective on how well we keep track of the condition and functioning of the lake, and how we might improve assessments to more actively inform management. Without more frequent biological sampling across all depth zones of the lake, there will continue to be limited ability to assess the nature and causes of ecological change, even when some changes are detected. Knowing that physico-chemical changes can occur relatively quickly (within decades), that the mechanisms for change can be expressed over different spatial dimensions of the lake, and that biology is distributed heterogeneously over these spatial dimensions, we argue the need to increase the degree (the spatial comprehensiveness, frequency, and integration of components) to which the lake is assessed. C1 [Kelly, John R.; Yurista, Peder M.; Miller, Samuel E.; Cotter, Anne C.; Corry, Timothy C.; Scharold, Jill V.; Sierszen, Michael E.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Isaac, Edmund J.] Univ Minnesota, Duluth Dept Biol, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. [Stockwell, Jason D.] Gulf Maine Res Inst, Portland, ME 04101 USA. [Stockwell, Jason D.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Ecosyst Sci Lab, Burlington, VT 05401 USA. RP Kelly, JR (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM kelly.johnr@epa.gov NR 54 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1463-4988 J9 AQUAT ECOSYST HEALTH JI Aquat. Ecosyst. Health Manag. PY 2011 VL 14 IS 4 BP 332 EP 344 DI 10.1080/14634988.2011.626753 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 866BZ UT WOS:000298355900003 ER PT J AU Yurista, P Kelly, JR Miller, SE AF Yurista, Peder Kelly, John R. Miller, Samuel E. TI Lake Superior: Nearshore variability and a landscape driver concept SO AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM HEALTH & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE monitoring; spatial scales; electronic sensors; optical plankton counter ID OPTICAL PLANKTON COUNTER; GREAT-LAKES; WATER-QUALITY; COASTAL WETLANDS; ZOOPLANKTON; CALIBRATION; TRANSPORT; DESIGN; TOOL; TOR AB Spatial variation is well known to exist in water quality parameters of the Great Lakes nearshore; however, strong patterns for extended reaches also have been observed and found to be robust across seasonal time frames. Less is known about robustness of inter-annual variation within parameters for water quality in the nearshore. We have conducted high-resolution surveys with towed electronic instrumentation in nearshore areas of Lake Superior and have combined several seasons (2001-2005) of measurements from multiple research efforts to investigate how spatial variation compares across years. The combined survey tows ranged across approximately 1200 km of Lake Superior's south shore. In addition to the survey tracks, we also sampled fixed stations to collect calibration data and other parameters not observed by the in situ electronic sensors. The towed sensor data provided information on the spatial and temporal variability of water quality parameters along the nearshore. We found a consistent spatial pattern over time along the south shore of Lake Superior. Nearshore water quality parameters were analyzed with respect to landscape characteristics of the adjacent watersheds (US only) using multivariate stepwise regressions and found to correlate to landscape characterization. The stressor categories of landscape character that best described the nearshore parameters were agriculture-chemical usage and land-cover attributes. Peak nearshore values corresponded with landscape position that had the most altered landuse character (e. g. Duluth/Superior region). The landscape character appears to drive and maintain the spatial pattern in nearshore water quality parameters. C1 [Yurista, Peder; Kelly, John R.; Miller, Samuel E.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Yurista, P (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM yurista.peder@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX This research was funded wholly by the US Environmental Protection Agency. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 28 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1463-4988 J9 AQUAT ECOSYST HEALTH JI Aquat. Ecosyst. Health Manag. PY 2011 VL 14 IS 4 BP 345 EP 355 DI 10.1080/14634988.2011.624942 PG 11 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 866BZ UT WOS:000298355900004 ER PT J AU Niemi, GJ Reavie, ED Peterson, GS Kelly, JR Johnston, CA Johnson, LB Howe, RW Host, GE Hollenhorst, TP Danz, NP Ciborowski, JJH Brown, TN Brady, VJ Axler, RP AF Niemi, Gerald J. Reavie, Euan D. Peterson, Gregory S. Kelly, John R. Johnston, Carol A. Johnson, Lucinda B. Howe, Robert W. Host, George E. Hollenhorst, Tom P. Danz, Nicholas P. Ciborowski, Jan J. H. Brown, Terry N. Brady, Valerie J. Axler, Richard P. TI An integrated approach to assessing multiple stressors for coastal Lake Superior SO AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM HEALTH & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE birds; diatoms; fish; indicators; macroinvertebrates; plants ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; WATER-QUALITY; WETLAND INDICATORS; ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS; ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS; ANTHROPOGENIC STRESS; INDEX; ECOSYSTEMS; RESPONSES; GRADIENT AB Biological indicators can be used both to estimate ecological condition and to suggest plausible causes of ecosystem degradation across the U.S. Great Lakes coastal region. Here we use data on breeding bird, diatom, fish, invertebrate, and wetland plant communities to develop robust indicators of ecological condition of the U.S. Lake Superior coastal zone. Sites were selected as part of a larger, stratified random design for the entire U.S. Great Lakes coastal region, covering gradients of anthropogenic stress defined by over 200 stressor variables (e.g. agriculture, altered land cover, human populations, and point source pollution). A total of 89 locations in Lake Superior were sampled between 2001 and 2004 including 31 sites for stable isotope analysis of benthic macroinvertebrates, 62 sites for birds, 35 for diatoms, 32 for fish and macroinvertebrates, and 26 for wetland vegetation. A relationship between watershed disturbance metrics and (15)N levels in coastal macroinvertebrates confirmed that watershed-based stressor gradients are expressed across Lake Superior's coastal ecosystems, increasing confidence in ascribing causes of biological responses to some landscape activities. Several landscape metrics in particular-agriculture, urbanization, human population density, and road density-strongly influenced the responses of indicator species assemblages. Conditions were generally good in Lake Superior, but in some areas watershed stressors produced degraded conditions that were similar to those in the southern and eastern U.S. Great Lakes. The following indicators were developed based on biotic responses to stress in Lake Superior in the context of all the Great Lakes: (1) an index of ecological condition for breeding bird communities, (2) diatom-based nutrient and solids indicators, (3) fish and macroinvertebrate indicators for coastal wetlands, and (4) a non-metric multidimensional scaling for wetland plants corresponding to a cumulative stress index. These biotic measures serve as useful indicators of the ecological condition of the Lake Superior coast; collectively, they provide a baseline assessment of selected biological conditions for the U.S. Lake Superior coastal region and prescribe a means to detect change over time. C1 [Niemi, Gerald J.; Johnson, Lucinda B.; Host, George E.; Hollenhorst, Tom P.; Brown, Terry N.; Brady, Valerie J.; Axler, Richard P.] Univ Minnesota, Nat Resources Res Inst, Ctr Water & Environm, Duluth, MN 55811 USA. [Reavie, Euan D.] Univ Minnesota Duluth, Nat Resources Res Inst, Ctr Water & Environm, Ely Field Stn, Ely, MN 55731 USA. [Peterson, Gregory S.; Kelly, John R.; Hollenhorst, Tom P.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Johnston, Carol A.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol & Microbiol, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Howe, Robert W.] Univ Wisconsin, Cofrin Ctr Biodivers, Dept Nat & Appl Sci, Green Bay, WI 54311 USA. [Danz, Nicholas P.] Univ Wisconsin Superior, Dept Nat Sci, Superior, WI 54880 USA. [Ciborowski, Jan J. H.] Univ Windsor, Dept Biol Sci, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada. RP Niemi, GJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Nat Resources Res Inst, Ctr Water & Environm, 5013 Miller Trunk Highway, Duluth, MN 55811 USA. EM gniemi@d.umn.edu RI feng, yongzhong/F-5090-2012; OI feng, yongzhong/0000-0002-5202-4368; Reavie, Euan/0000-0001-8871-5809; Johnston, Carol/0000-0002-9663-5048 FU U.S. EPA [EPA/R82867501, EPA/R-82877701] FX J. Hanowski was instrumental in gathering, compiling, and analyzing the breeding bird data. Diatom identification and enumeration results were supported by N. Andresen, G. Sgro, M. Ferguson, and A. Kireta; and diatom taxonomic support was provided by J. Kingston, E. Stoermer, and J. Johansen. D. Breneman, J. Schuldt, J. D. Holland, J. P. Gathman, R. Hell, A. Ly, J. Baillargeon, and J. Wiklund provided assistance with fish and macroinvertebrate data and sampling. M. Aho, A. Boers, K. Bailey Boomer, M. Bourdaghs, K. Cappillino, R. Clark, S. Cronk, A. Freeman, C. Frieswyk, D. James, C. Johnson, L. Ladwig, A. Marsh, M. Tittler, L. Vaccaro, and C. Williams collected vegetation field data. We thank D. McKenney and P. Papadopol of the Great Lakes Forestry Centre for providing the GDD data. Water quality sampling and analysis were supported by J. Henneck, E. Ruzycki, J. Reed, and J. Ameel. R. Regal provided statistical advice. Although this research has been funded wholly or in part by the U.S. EPA through cooperative agreement EPA/R82867501 to the Great Lakes Environmental Indicators project, and through grant EPA/R-82877701 to L. Johnson, it has not been subjected to the agency's required peer and policy review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the agency and no official endorsement should be inferred. This is contribution number 521 from the Center for Water and the Environment, Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota Duluth. NR 63 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 7 U2 64 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1463-4988 J9 AQUAT ECOSYST HEALTH JI Aquat. Ecosyst. Health Manag. PY 2011 VL 14 IS 4 BP 356 EP 375 DI 10.1080/14634988.2011.628254 PG 20 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 866BZ UT WOS:000298355900005 ER PT J AU Host, GE Brown, TN Hollenhorst, TP Johnson, LB Ciborowski, JJH AF Host, George E. Brown, Terry N. Hollenhorst, Tom P. Johnson, Lucinda B. Ciborowski, Jan J. H. TI High-resolution assessment and visualization of environmental stressors in the Lake Superior basin SO AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM HEALTH & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE anthropogenic stressors; Great Lakes; environmental indicators; watersheds; ArcHydro ID GREAT-LAKES; WETLAND INDICATORS; COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS AB Quantifying gradients of anthropogenic stress can inform the development of sample designs, provide an important covariate in modeling relationships of response variables, identify reference and highly-disturbed sites, and provide a baseline and guidance to restoration and remediation efforts. We describe development of SumRel, a composite index of anthropogenic stress, for the U.S. and Canadian Lake Superior basin. Key elements of the project include development of high-resolution watersheds throughout the basin, summarization of the major point and non-point stressors within these watersheds, and creation of tools for scaling watersheds and stressor summaries. SumRel was calculated at two spatial scales: for high resolution subcatchments within the Lake Superior basin (mean watershed area = 93 ha) and for coastal watersheds of Lake Superior. An assessment of subcatchments within Minnesota's St. Louis River watershed showed a correlation between the degree of disturbance, as indicated by SumRel, and impaired water quality, as evidenced by in-stream conductivity. These data and tools allow identification and visualization of reference and highly-disturbed sites at multiple spatial scales, providing decision support for individual agency and binational monitoring, assessment and restoration initiatives across the Lake Superior basin. C1 [Host, George E.; Brown, Terry N.; Hollenhorst, Tom P.; Johnson, Lucinda B.] Univ Minnesota, Nat Resources Res Inst, Ctr Water & Environm, Duluth, MN 55811 USA. [Hollenhorst, Tom P.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Ciborowski, Jan J. H.] Univ Windsor, Dept Biol Sci, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada. RP Host, GE (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Nat Resources Res Inst, Ctr Water & Environm, 5013 Miller Trunk Highway, Duluth, MN 55811 USA. EM ghost@d.umn.edu FU U.S. EPA Great Lakes National Program Office [GL00E28801-0]; U.S. EPA; Minnesota Pollution Control Agency; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; Environment Canada FX Ms. Jane Reed created the website design for 'Explore Lake Superior,' and Mr. Gerald Sjerven served as website administrator. This work was funded in part by a grant from the U.S. EPA Great Lakes National Program Office, Grant number: GL00E28801-0. Although this research has been funded wholly or in part by the U.S. EPA, it has not been subjected to the agency's required peer and policy review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the agency and no official endorsement should be inferred. Dr. Richard Axler generously shared water quality data collected in the St. Louis River watershed; funding for this analysis was provided by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency. The integration of the U.S. and Canadian land use classifications was funded by grants from the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, and Environment Canada through the Lake Erie Lakewide Area Management Plan to the University of Windsor and the Lake Erie Millennium Network. This is contribution number 517 from the Center for Water and the Environment, Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota-Duluth. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 24 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1463-4988 J9 AQUAT ECOSYST HEALTH JI Aquat. Ecosyst. Health Manag. PY 2011 VL 14 IS 4 BP 376 EP 385 DI 10.1080/14634988.2011.625340 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 866BZ UT WOS:000298355900006 ER PT J AU Hoffman, JC Cotter, AM Peterson, GS Corry, TD Kelly, JR AF Hoffman, Joel C. Cotter, Anne M. Peterson, Gregory S. Corry, Timothy D. Kelly, John R. TI Rapid stable isotope turnover of larval fish in a Lake Superior coastal wetland: Implications for diet and life history studies SO AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM HEALTH & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE delta(13)C; delta(15)N; foodweb; St. Louis River ID GREAT-LAKES; FOOD-WEB; NITROGEN; CARBON; FRACTIONATION; SETTLEMENT; ECOSYSTEM; VIRGINIA; TISSUES; RATIOS AB Trophic linkages of larval fish in Lake Superior coastal habitats can be identified using naturally occurring differences in the stable isotope ratios of nitrogen ((15)N: (14)N, delta(15)N) and carbon ((13)C: (12)C, delta(13)C). We measured (13)C and (15)N values in common fish larvae weekly during spring run-off (late-April to mid-July) in the hydrologically complex drowned river mouth of the St. Louis River, the second largest tributary to Lake Superior. For all species, delta(13)C was increasingly negative with increasing weight as the fish developed from the yolk-sac stage, during which they possess a maternally-derived isotopic signature, to an exogenously feeding larvae. Trends in delta(15)N with increasing weight varied among species; an increase, decrease, and no change in delta(15)N were observed. A weight-based stable isotope turnover function modeled well the observed changes in delta(13)C and delta(15)N. In general, fish obtained a constant signature after a 10-fold gain in body mass, implying their tissue was at isotopic equilibrium with their diet. Difference between yolk-sac and larvae delta(13)C and delta(15)N revealed distinct patterns in larval origin and settlement. Based on the species analyzed, we identify two specific Lake Superior coastal wetland-dependent fish early life histories that incorporate habitat use, movement, and trophic dynamics. This study thus provides a methodological approach that can potentially help resolve interactions between watershed character, coastal productivity, and Lake Superior that are of significance to the lake's fisheries. C1 [Hoffman, Joel C.; Cotter, Anne M.; Peterson, Gregory S.; Corry, Timothy D.; Kelly, John R.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. RP Hoffman, JC (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN USA. EM hoffman.joel@epa.gov NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 27 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1463-4988 J9 AQUAT ECOSYST HEALTH JI Aquat. Ecosyst. Health Manag. PY 2011 VL 14 IS 4 BP 403 EP 413 DI 10.1080/14634988.2011.628212 PG 11 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 866BZ UT WOS:000298355900009 ER PT J AU Knuth, ML Kelly, JR AF Knuth, Michael L. Kelly, John R. TI Denitrification rates in a Lake Superior coastal wetland SO AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM HEALTH & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE MIMS; nitrate; sediment respiration rate ID MASSACHUSETTS BAY; BOSTON HARBOR; GREAT-LAKES; NITROGEN; SEDIMENTS; ECOSYSTEMS; RETENTION; HYDROLOGY; DYNAMICS AB The amount of excess fixed nitrogen removed from the freshwater aquatic nitrogen cycle, particularly by freshwater wetlands, through denitrification (DNF) is largely unknown. Typically, DNF rates increase within sediments that have higher organic content and a source of sufficient NO(3)(-), in this context we measured DNF in organic-rich sediments of Lost Creek wetland on the south shore of Lake Superior, where NO(3)(-) concentrations have increased dramatically over the last century. The concentrations of N(2), O(2), and Ar were determined on intact water-sediment cores. Denitrification and respiration rates were determined using membrane inlet mass spectrometry and N(2):Ar and O(2):Ar ratios. Nitrogen flux rates measured in August 2000 and 2001 using overlying ambient wetland water, Lake Superior water, and nitrate augmented wetland water ranged from <10 to 78 mu mol N m(-2) h(-1). These rates are low compared to those published for a variety of wetland and aquatic ecosystems. Nonetheless these are the first DNF measurements we know of to assess natural rates in the Lake Superior Basin and they help quantify a missing piece of wetland and lake nitrogen transformations. C1 [Knuth, Michael L.; Kelly, John R.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Knuth, ML (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM knuth.michael@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX We thank Todd Kana and staff at Horn Point Laboratory, University of Maryland, for advice, instruction, and analysis of core water samples for dissolved gasses; Anne Cotter for the nutrient analysis of core water and wetland samples; and Corlis West for the sediment characterization. Thanks to Brian Hill and MaryAnn Starus for reviewing and commenting on this manuscript. This work was wholly funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and has been approved for publication after review by EPA's National Health and Environmental Effects Research laboratory. The contents do not necessarily reflect the views of the agency, nor does mention of commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1463-4988 J9 AQUAT ECOSYST HEALTH JI Aquat. Ecosyst. Health Manag. PY 2011 VL 14 IS 4 BP 414 EP 421 DI 10.1080/14634988.2011.624488 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 866BZ UT WOS:000298355900010 ER PT J AU Hollenhorst, TP Johnson, LB Ciborowski, J AF Hollenhorst, T. P. Johnson, L. B. Ciborowski, J. TI Monitoring land cover change in the Lake Superior basin SO AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM HEALTH & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Great Lakes; land use change; National Land Cover Data; Ontario Provincial Land Cover; Binational Land Cover ID FOREST FRAGMENTATION; LANDSCAPE FRAGMENTATION; INDICATOR; STATES; BIRDS AB Consistent, repeatable and broadly applicable land use, land cover data is needed across the Lake Superior basin to facilitate ecosystem condition assessment and trend analysis. Such a data set collected regularly through time could inform and focus field monitoring efforts, and help prioritize restoration and mitigation efforts. Unfortunately, few data sets exist that are bi-nationally consistent in time, classification method, or resolution. To this end, we integrated land cover data across both the Canadian (Ontario Provincial Land Cover data) and US portions (National Land Cover Data) of the Lake Superior basin for two time steps (approximately 1992 and 2001) roughly one decade apart. After harmonizing landcover classes across the two datasets we compared the explicit amount and relative amount (total hectares and proportion of each area as percents) for each of the common land cover classes that occurred across the two time steps for the entire Lake Superior basin, for the U.S. portion of the Lake Superior basin only, and for the Canadian portion of the Lake Superior basin only. We also compared land cover change for the entire basin within a 1 km and a 10 km buffer of the Great Lakes shoreline. We then summarized and compared these land cover types for each time period across a common set of watersheds derived from elevation data (Hollenhorst et al., 2007) for the entire Lake Superior basin. This allowed us to identify and quantify the types of change occurring generally across the entire basin, more specifically across both the U. S. and Canadian portions of the basin, and more explicitly for near coastal areas and watersheds across the entire basin. Noteworthy changes were detected across the basin, particularly an increase in mixed forest types and a corresponding decrease in coniferous forest types. C1 [Hollenhorst, T. P.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Johnson, L. B.] Univ Minnesota, Nat Resources Res Inst, Duluth, MN 55811 USA. [Ciborowski, J.] Univ Windsor, Dept Biol Sci, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada. RP Hollenhorst, TP (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM hollenhorst.tom@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [R828675-00] FX This research has been supported in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Estuarine and Great Lakes (EaGLe) program through funding to Great Lakes Environmental Indicators (GLEI), U. S. EPA Agreement R828675-00. We would like to thank Dr. Pete Wolter and his co-authors who made the U.S. NLCD data available. We would also like to thank Mike Robertson of Land Information Ontario who helped us with the Ontario data. Dr. Terry Brown, of the Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota Duluth, was very helpful in considering the approach and the results of this effort and we very much appreciate his assistance. Three anonymous reviewers also helped to greatly improve the quality of this manuscript. This document has been reviewed in accordance with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency policy and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1463-4988 J9 AQUAT ECOSYST HEALTH JI Aquat. Ecosyst. Health Manag. PY 2011 VL 14 IS 4 BP 433 EP 442 DI 10.1080/14634988.2011.628242 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 866BZ UT WOS:000298355900012 ER PT J AU Trebitz, AS Brazner, JC Tanner, DK Meyer, R AF Trebitz, Anett S. Brazner, John C. Tanner, Danny K. Meyer, Roger TI Interacting watershed size and landcover influences on habitat and biota of Lake Superior coastal wetlands SO AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM HEALTH & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Great Lakes; watershed landuse; hydrology; water quality; zoobenthos; fish; turtles ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; LAND-USE; DISTURBANCE GRADIENT; STREAM ECOSYSTEMS; FISH ASSEMBLAGES; QUALITY; BASIN; INDICATORS; PATTERNS; MARSHES AB Coastal wetlands are important contributors to large-lake productivity and biodiversity and mediators of lake - watershed interactions. This study explores whether the size of the watershed in which coastal wetlands are embedded (a measure of strength of connection to the terrestrial landscape) influences their background condition and response to anthropogenic landuse. Water quality, substrate, vegetation structure, and composition of zoobenthos, turtles, crayfish, and fish were characterized in 32 Lake Superior coastal wetlands in the summers of 2000-2001, and related to watershed size categories via ANOVA and to watershed development (percent agricultural and urban landuse) via linear regression. Lake Superior coastal wetlands had relatively low levels of watershed development - apparently not enough to significantly alter fish composition. However, watershed development was associated with significant changes in substrate, turbidity, plant structure, and zoobenthos, and in most cases these effects were stronger in wetlands having big rather than small watersheds. An alternate classification contrasting exposure to versus protection from river influences was not effective at resolving responses to watershed development. Watershed size had little effect on background conditions in minimally disturbed wetlands, although turtles were more abundant in large-watershed wetlands. The role of watershed size in mediating responses to landuse merits further study, but our findings suggest that receiving inflows from bigger watersheds affects coastal wetlands primarily by amplifying transmission of disturbance rather than via direct impacts of flow. C1 [Trebitz, Anett S.; Brazner, John C.; Tanner, Danny K.; Meyer, Roger] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Brazner, John C.] Nova Scotia Environm, Halifax, NS B3J 2P8, Canada. RP Trebitz, AS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM trebitz.anett@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX We thank Matthew Starry for additional GIS processing, and Michael Sierszen, John Morrice, and Jack Kelly for discussions and feedback on various aspects of this work. Comments from two anonymous reviewers helped to improve the manuscript. Although this work was fully funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Agency. NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 31 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1463-4988 J9 AQUAT ECOSYST HEALTH JI Aquat. Ecosyst. Health Manag. PY 2011 VL 14 IS 4 BP 443 EP 455 DI 10.1080/14634988.2011.635901 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 866BZ UT WOS:000298355900013 ER PT J AU Haring, HJ Blocksom, KA Smith, ME Angradi, T Wratschko, MC Armstrong, B Bolgrien, D Lazorchak, JM AF Haring, Herman J. Blocksom, Karen A. Smith, Mark E. Angradi, Theodore Wratschko, Melissa C. Armstrong, Brandon Bolgrien, David Lazorchak, James M. TI Sediment Toxicity in Mid-Continent Great Rivers (USA) SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MISSISSIPPI RIVER; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; QUALITY TRIAD; AMPHIPOD; PREDICT; WATER AB As part of the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program for Great River Ecosystems (EMAP-GRE), sediment samples were collected from 447 randomly selected littoral sites along the main channels of the Ohio, Missouri, and Upper Mississippi Rivers between 2004 and 2006. Toxicity of these sediment samples was measured using a 7-day Hyalella azteca survival and growth test. Sixty-five sites (14.5%) exhibited lethal toxicity, and 130 sites (29.1%) exhibited decreased growth. In the EMAP-GRE probabilistic sampling design, each sampled site had a weight associated with it that determined the length (and proportion) of the river represented by that sample point in the population. Weighted whole-river estimates indicated that of the 4721 river km sampled, sediment from 15.9 +/- 3.0% of the river (752 +/- 50 km) were lethally toxic, 27.4 +/- 3.5% (1289 +/- 57 km) were toxic by way of growth inhibition, and 40.0 +/- 3.7% (1887 +/- 68 km) exhibited either lethal or growth toxicity. Selected toxic samples were analyzed for 21 pesticides, 20 polychlorinated biphenyl congeners, and 6 polybrominated diphenyl ether congeners. For all of the samples tested, the concentration levels of these analytes were mostly lower than known toxicity thresholds, and neither unionized ammonia concentration nor osmotic stress (as measured by conductivity) could account for the toxicity found in sediments. The spatial pattern of sediment toxicity cannot be readily explained by urbanization or agricultural land use at the subcatchment scale. We speculate that the distribution of toxic sediment is more likely due to a combination of localized sources, including polluted tributaries, and the redistribution of contaminated sediments from upriver. The sediment toxicity results from this study will be used, in combination with other sediment, biologic, and habitat metrics and indicators collected in the EMAP-GRE study, to help interpret and assess the condition of the Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Missouri Rivers. C1 [Haring, Herman J.; Smith, Mark E.; Wratschko, Melissa C.; Armstrong, Brandon; Lazorchak, James M.] US EPA, McConnell Grp, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Blocksom, Karen A.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Angradi, Theodore; Bolgrien, David] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Lazorchak, JM (reprint author), US EPA, McConnell Grp, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM lazorchak.jim@epa.gov OI Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571 FU USEPA FX The research reported in this document was funded by the USEPA. This manuscript has been subjected to review by the National Exposure Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We thank Amy Parks, Gerilyn Ahlers, and Sarah Watson for the chemical analyses of the sediment samples found to be toxic. Review comments provided by Mari Nord and John Dorkin, USEPA, Region 5, and Frank McCormick, United States Forest Service, were most helpful, as was the technical review provided by Justicia Rhodus, Dynamac Corporation. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0090-4341 EI 1432-0703 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 60 IS 1 BP 57 EP 67 DI 10.1007/s00244-010-9592-4 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 711OE UT WOS:000286600500006 PM 20799029 ER PT J AU Mirabelli, MC Hoppin, JA Chatterjee, AB Isom, S Chen, HY Grzywacz, JG Howard, TD Quandt, SA Vallejos, QM Arcury, TA AF Mirabelli, Maria C. Hoppin, Jane A. Chatterjee, Arjun B. Isom, Scott Chen, Haiying Grzywacz, Joseph G. Howard, Timothy D. Quandt, Sara A. Vallejos, Quirina M. Arcury, Thomas A. TI Job Activities and Respiratory Symptoms Among Farmworkers in North Carolina SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE agriculture; asthma; epidemiology; occupational lung disease; respiratory diseases ID AGRICULTURAL HEALTH; WORKING ENVIRONMENT; FARMERS EXPOSURE; MIGRANT; DUST; PESTICIDES; RISK AB Respiratory health is an important component of the ability to perform physically demanding work. The authors assessed respiratory symptom prevalence among Latino farmworkers engaged in crop production, and investigated work activities as risk factors for respiratory symptoms. During June to September 2008, 122 farmworkers completed up to 3 questionnaires. The authors estimated associations between work activities and wheezing symptoms using alternating logistic regression, controlling for age and smoking. At the first data collection, 29 (24%) farmworkers reported ever wheezing and 10 (8%) reported wheezing within the past month. Though not statistically significant, the odds of wheezing were elevated for individuals who reported performing tobacco-related work in the last 3 days. The odds were decreased among individuals who reported harvesting activities (odds ratio: 0.3, 95% confidence interval: 0.1, 1.0). Among Latino farmworkers, respiratory symptoms may be associated with work activities. C1 [Mirabelli, Maria C.; Quandt, Sara A.] Wake Forest Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Hoppin, Jane A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Chatterjee, Arjun B.] Wake Forest Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Sect Pulm Crit Care Allergy & Immunol Dis, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Isom, Scott; Chen, Haiying] Wake Forest Sch Med, Dept Biostat Sci, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Grzywacz, Joseph G.; Vallejos, Quirina M.; Arcury, Thomas A.] Wake Forest Sch Med, Dept Family & Community Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Chatterjee, Arjun B.; Grzywacz, Joseph G.; Quandt, Sara A.; Vallejos, Quirina M.] Wake Forest Sch Med, Ctr Worker Hlth, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Howard, Timothy D.] Wake Forest Sch Med, Ctr Genom & Personalized Med Res, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. RP Mirabelli, MC (reprint author), Wake Forest Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Med Ctr Blvd, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. EM mmirabel@wakehealth.edu RI chatterjee, arjun/H-2689-2013; OI chatterjee, arjun/0000-0001-8221-873X; Mirabelli, Maria/0000-0002-3540-0085; Grzywacz, Joseph/0000-0002-2308-7781 FU National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [R01ES008739, Z01ES049030] FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (grant number: R01ES008739) and the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (grant number: Z01ES049030). NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 11 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1933-8244 J9 ARCH ENVIRON OCCUP H JI Arch. Environ. Occup. Health PY 2011 VL 66 IS 3 BP 178 EP 182 DI 10.1080/19338244.2010.539637 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 888HO UT WOS:000299994700006 PM 21864106 ER PT J AU O'Hanlon, TP Rider, LG Gan, L Fannin, R Paules, RS Umbach, DM Weinberg, CR Shah, RR Mav, D Gourley, MF Miller, FW AF O'Hanlon, Terrance P. Rider, Lisa G. Gan, Lu Fannin, Rick Paules, Richard S. Umbach, David M. Weinberg, Clarice R. Shah, Ruchir R. Mav, Deepak Gourley, Mark F. Miller, Frederick W. TI Gene expression profiles from discordant monozygotic twins suggest that molecular pathways are shared among multiple systemic autoimmune diseases SO ARTHRITIS RESEARCH & THERAPY LA English DT Article ID PERIPHERAL-BLOOD CELLS; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS PATIENTS; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; INFLAMMATORY MYOPATHIES; FAMILIAL AGGREGATION; MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; IDENTIFICATION; DERMATOMYOSITIS; SIGNATURES AB Introduction: The objective of this study is to determine if multiple systemic autoimmune diseases (SAID) share gene expression pathways that could provide insights into pathogenic mechanisms common to these disorders. Methods: RNA microarray analyses (Agilent Human 1A(V2) 20K oligo arrays) were used to quantify gene expression in peripheral blood cells from 20 monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs discordant for SAID. Six affected probands with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), six with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), eight with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), and their same-gendered unaffected twins, were enrolled. Comparisons were made between discordant twin pairs and these were also each compared to 40 unrelated control subjects (matched 2: 1 to each twin by age, gender and ethnicity) using statistical and molecular pathway analyses. Relative quantitative PCR was used to verify independently measures of differential gene expression assessed by microarray analysis. Results: Probands and unrelated, matched controls differed significantly in gene expression for 104 probes corresponding to 92 identifiable genes (multiple-comparison adjusted P values < 0.1). Differentially expressed genes involved several overlapping pathways including immune responses (16%), signaling pathways (24%), transcription/translation regulators (26%), and metabolic functions (15%). Interferon (IFN)-response genes (IFI27, OASF, PLSCR1, EIF2AK2, TNFAIP6, and TNFSF10) were up-regulated in probands compared to unrelated controls. Many of the abnormally expressed genes played regulatory roles in multiple cellular pathways. We did not detect any probes expressed differentially in comparisons among the three SAID phenotypes. Similarly, we found no significant differences in gene expression when comparing probands to unaffected twins or unaffected twins to unrelated controls. Gene expression levels for unaffected twins appeared intermediate between that of probands and unrelated controls for 6535 probes (32% of the total probes) as would be expected by chance. By contrast, in unaffected twins intermediate ordering was observed for 84 of the 104 probes (81%) whose expression differed significantly between probands and unrelated controls. Conclusions: Alterations in expression of a limited number of genes may influence the dysregulation of numerous, integrated immune response, cell signaling and regulatory pathways that are common to a number of SAID. Gene expression profiles in peripheral blood suggest that for genes in these critical pathways, unaffected twins may be in a transitional or intermediate state of immune dysregulation between twins with SAID and unrelated controls, perhaps predisposing them to the development of SAID given the necessary and sufficient environmental exposures. C1 [O'Hanlon, Terrance P.; Rider, Lisa G.; Gan, Lu; Miller, Frederick W.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Environm Autoimmun Grp, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Fannin, Rick; Paules, Richard S.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Toxicol & Pharmacol, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Umbach, David M.; Weinberg, Clarice R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Shah, Ruchir R.; Mav, Deepak] SRA Int Inc, Durham, NC 27713 USA. [Gourley, Mark F.] Natl Inst Arthrit & Musculoskeletal Dis, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP O'Hanlon, TP (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Environm Autoimmun Grp, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM ohanlont@niehs.nih.gov RI Gan, Lu/L-5395-2014; OI Rider, Lisa/0000-0002-6912-2458; Miller, Frederick/0000-0003-2831-9593 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX The authors thank Robert Colbert and Nina Raben for their critical review of the manuscript. This work was supported by the intramural research program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. The funding sponsors had no role in the design, conduct, or interpretation of the study. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Department of Health and Human Services, nor does the mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 37 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 6 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1478-6354 J9 ARTHRITIS RES THER JI Arthritis Res. Ther. PY 2011 VL 13 IS 2 AR R69 DI 10.1186/ar3330 PG 13 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 788MS UT WOS:000292449700034 PM 21521520 ER PT B AU Breggin, LK Falkner, R Pendergrass, J Porter, R Jaspers, N AF Breggin, Linda K. Falkner, Robert Pendergrass, John Porter, Read Jaspers, Nico BE Ramachandran, G TI Addressing the Risks of Nanomaterials under United States and European Union Regulatory Frameworks for Chemicals SO ASSESSING NANOPARTICLE RISKS TO HUMAN HEALTH LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NANOTECHNOLOGY C1 [Breggin, Linda K.] Environm Law Inst, Nanotechnol Initiat, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Breggin, Linda K.] White House Off Environm Policy, Washington, DC USA. [Breggin, Linda K.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Breggin, Linda K.] US House Representat, Comm Energy & Commerce, Subcomm Transportat & Hazardous Mat, Washington, DC 20515 USA. [Falkner, Robert] London Sch Econ & Polit Sci LSE, London, England. [Falkner, Robert] LSE Global Governance, Zurich, Switzerland. [Falkner, Robert] LSE, Nanotechnol Policy & Regulat Program, Zurich, Switzerland. [Pendergrass, John] Environm Law Inst, Judicial Educ Program, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Pendergrass, John] US Dept Interior, Washington, DC 20240 USA. [Porter, Read] Environm Law Inst, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Jaspers, Nico] Univ London London Sch Econ & Polit Sci, Dept Int Relat, London WC2A 2AE, England. [Jaspers, Nico] Univ London London Sch Econ & Polit Sci, London WC2A 2AE, England. RP Breggin, LK (reprint author), Environm Law Inst, Nanotechnol Initiat, Washington, DC 20036 USA. NR 79 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILLIAM ANDREW INC PI NORWICH PA 13 EATON AVE, NORWICH, NY 13815 USA BN 978-1-4377-7864-9 PY 2011 BP 195 EP 272 DI 10.1016/B978-1-4377-7863-2.00008-X PG 78 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BFK38 UT WOS:000320229200009 ER PT J AU Li, L Chen, CH Fu, JS Huang, C Streets, DG Huang, HY Zhang, GF Wang, YJ Jang, CJ Wang, HL Chen, YR Fu, JM AF Li, L. Chen, C. H. Fu, J. S. Huang, C. Streets, D. G. Huang, H. Y. Zhang, G. F. Wang, Y. J. Jang, C. J. Wang, H. L. Chen, Y. R. Fu, J. M. TI Air quality and emissions in the Yangtze River Delta, China SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MODELING SYSTEM; EAST-ASIA; OZONE POLLUTION; GASEOUS-POLLUTANTS; BOUNDARY-LAYER; RURAL SITE; SHANGHAI; SO2; NOX; SENSITIVITY AB Regional trans-boundary air pollution has become an important issue in the field of air pollution modeling. This paper presents the results of the implementation of the MM5-CMAQ modeling system in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) for the months of January and July of 2004. The meteorological parameters are obtained by using the MM5 model. A new regional emission inventory with spatial and temporal allocations based on local statistical data has been developed to provide input emissions data to the MM5-CMAQ modeling system. The pollutant concentrations obtained from the MM5-CMAQ modeling system have been compared with observational data from the national air pollution monitoring network. It is found that air quality in winter in the YRD is generally worse than in summer, due mainly to unfavorable meteorological dispersion conditions. In winter, the pollution transport from Northern China to the YRD reinforces the pollution caused by large local emissions. The monthly average concentration of SO2 in the YRD is 0.026 +/- 0.011 mg m(-3) in January and 0.017 +/- 0.009 mg m(-3) in July. Monthly average concentrations of NO2 in the YRD in January and July are 0.021 +/- 0.009 mg m(-3), and 0.014 +/- 0.008 mg m(-3), respectively. The monthly average concentration of PM10 in the YRD is 0.080 +/- 0.028 mg m(-3) in January and 0.025 +/- 0.015 mg m(-3) in July. Visibility is also a problem, with average deciview values of 26.4 +/- 2.95 dcv in winter and 17.6 +/- 3.3 dcv in summer. The ozone concentration in the downtown area of a city like Zhoushan can be very high, with the highest simulated value reaching 0.24 mg m(-3). In January, the monthly average concentration of O-3 in the YRD is 0.052 +/- 0.011 mg m(-3), and 0.054 +/- 0.008 mg m(-3) in July. Our results show that ozone and haze have become extremely important issues in the regional air quality. Thus, regional air pollution control is urgently needed to improve air quality in the YRD. C1 [Li, L.; Chen, C. H.; Huang, C.; Huang, H. Y.; Zhang, G. F.; Wang, H. L.; Chen, Y. R.] Shanghai Acad Environm Sci, Shanghai 200233, Peoples R China. [Fu, J. S.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Streets, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Wang, Y. J.; Fu, J. M.] Shanghai Univ, Sch Environm & Chem Engn, Inst Environm Pollut & Hlth, Shanghai 200444, Peoples R China. [Jang, C. J.] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Chen, CH (reprint author), Shanghai Acad Environm Sci, Shanghai 200233, Peoples R China. EM chench@saes.sh.cn RI Xiongfei, Zhao/G-7690-2015; Huang, Cheng/I-7099-2015; OI Streets, David/0000-0002-0223-1350 FU Chinese National Key Technology RD Program [2009BAK43B33] FX This study was supported by the "Chinese National Key Technology R&D Program" via grants 2009BAK43B33. The authors would like to thank US EPA for providing the CMAQ model code, full model documentation, and assistance with model set-up and running. We also appreciate the suggestions made by the two kind reviewers that helped greatly to improve this paper. NR 50 TC 56 Z9 64 U1 4 U2 87 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2011 VL 11 IS 4 BP 1621 EP 1639 DI 10.5194/acp-11-1621-2011 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 727JW UT WOS:000287795700016 ER PT J AU Chan, MN Surratt, JD Chan, AWH Schilling, K Offenberg, JH Lewandowski, M Edney, EO Kleindienst, TE Jaoui, M Edgerton, ES Tanner, RL Shaw, SL Zheng, M Knipping, EM Seinfeld, JH AF Chan, M. N. Surratt, J. D. Chan, A. W. H. Schilling, K. Offenberg, J. H. Lewandowski, M. Edney, E. O. Kleindienst, T. E. Jaoui, M. Edgerton, E. S. Tanner, R. L. Shaw, S. L. Zheng, M. Knipping, E. M. Seinfeld, J. H. TI Influence of aerosol acidity on the chemical composition of secondary organic aerosol from beta-caryophyllene SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS; UNITED-STATES; ORGANOSULFATE FORMATION; OXIDATION-PRODUCTS; PINENE OZONOLYSIS; AMBIENT AEROSOL; PHASE REACTIONS; HONG-KONG; ISOPRENE; GAS AB The secondary organic aerosol (SOA) yield of beta-caryophyllene photooxidation is enhanced by aerosol acidity. In the present study, the influence of aerosol acidity on the chemical composition of beta-caryophyllene SOA is investigated using ultra performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI-TOFMS). A number of first-, second- and higher-generation gas-phase products having carbonyl and carboxylic acid functional groups are detected in the particle phase. Particle-phase reaction products formed via hydration and organosulfate formation processes are also detected. Increased acidity leads to different effects on the abundance of individual products; significantly, abundances of organosulfates are correlated with aerosol acidity. To our knowledge, this is the first detection of organosulfates and nitrated organosulfates derived from a sesquiterpene. The increase of certain particle-phase reaction products with increased acidity provides chemical evidence to support the acid-enhanced SOA yields. Based on the agreement between the chromatographic retention times and accurate mass measurements of chamber and field samples, three beta-caryophyllene products (i.e., beta-nocaryophyllon aldehyde, beta-hydroxynocaryophyllon aldehyde, and beta-dihydroxynocaryophyllon aldehyde) are suggested as chemical tracers for beta-caryophyllene SOA. These compounds are detected in both day and night ambient samples collected in downtown Atlanta, GA and rural Yorkville, GA during the 2008 August Mini-Intensive Gas and Aerosol Study (AMIGAS). C1 [Chan, M. N.; Seinfeld, J. H.] CALTECH, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Surratt, J. D.; Chan, A. W. H.; Schilling, K.; Seinfeld, J. H.] CALTECH, Div Chem & Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Offenberg, J. H.; Lewandowski, M.; Edney, E. O.; Kleindienst, T. E.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Human Exposure Atmospher Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Jaoui, M.] Alion Sci & Technol, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Edgerton, E. S.] Atmospher Res & Anal Inc, Cary, NC USA. [Tanner, R. L.] Tennessee Valley Author, Muscle Shoals, AL USA. [Shaw, S. L.] Elect Power Res Inst, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Zheng, M.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Knipping, E. M.] Elect Power Res Inst, Washington, DC USA. RP Seinfeld, JH (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM seinfeld@caltech.edu RI Chan, Arthur/I-2233-2013; Offenberg, John/C-3787-2009; Surratt, Jason/D-3611-2009 OI Chan, Arthur/0000-0001-7392-4237; Offenberg, John/0000-0002-0213-4024; Surratt, Jason/0000-0002-6833-1450 FU Electric Power Research Institute; Southern Company, Birmingham, AL; US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [68-D-00-206] FX This work was supported by the Electric Power Research Institute and the Southern Company, Birmingham, AL. We acknowledge all members of the AMIGAS for their support during the field campaign. The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and collaborated in the research described here under Contract 68-D-00-206 to Alion Science and Technology. It has been subject to Agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 48 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 6 U2 78 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2011 VL 11 IS 4 BP 1735 EP 1751 DI 10.5194/acp-11-1735-2011 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 727JW UT WOS:000287795700024 ER PT J AU Simon, H Bhave, PV Swall, JL Frank, NH Malm, WC AF Simon, H. Bhave, P. V. Swall, J. L. Frank, N. H. Malm, W. C. TI Determining the spatial and seasonal variability in OM/OC ratios across the US using multiple regression SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-CARBON RATIO; AEROSOL MASS-SPECTROMETER; UNITED-STATES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; LIGHT EXTINCTION; PM2.5 MASS; IMPROVE; SECONDARY; PARTICLES; LOCATION AB Data from the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) network are used to estimate organic mass to organic carbon (OM/OC) ratios across the United States by extending previously published multiple regression techniques. Our new methodology addresses common pitfalls of multiple regression including measurement uncertainty, colinearity of covariates, dataset selection, and model selection. As expected, summertime OM/OC ratios are larger than wintertime values across the US with all regional median OM/OC values tightly confined between 1.80 and 1.95. Further, we find that OM/OC ratios during the winter are distinctly larger in the eastern US than in the West (regional medians are 1.58, 1.64, and 1.85 in the great lakes, southeast, and northeast regions, versus 1.29 and 1.32 in the western and central states). We find less spatial variability in long-term averaged OM/OC ratios across the US (90% of our multiyear regressions estimate OM/OC ratios between 1.37 and 1.94) than previous studies (90% fell between 1.30 and 2.10). We attribute this difference largely to the inclusion of EC as a covariate in previous regression studies. Due to the colinearity of EC and OC, we find that up to one-quarter of the OM/OC estimates in a previous study are biased low. Assumptions about OC measurement artifacts add uncertainty to our estimates of OM/OC. In addition to estimating OM/OC ratios, our technique reveals trends that may be contrasted with conventional assumptions regarding nitrate, sulfate, and soil across the IMPROVE network. For example, our regressions show pronounced seasonal and spatial variability in both nitrate volatilization and sulfate neutralization and hydration. C1 [Simon, H.; Frank, N. H.] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bhave, P. V.; Swall, J. L.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Malm, W. C.] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Natl Pk Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Simon, H (reprint author), US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM simon.heather@epa.gov RI simon, heather/E-4392-2011; Bhave, Prakash/L-1958-2013 OI Swall, Jenise/0000-0001-8728-5771; simon, heather/0000-0001-7254-3360; Bhave, Prakash/0000-0002-2573-951X FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The authors thank Warren White for helpful information on IMPROVE chloride measurements and regression methods, Chuck McDade for IMPROVE laboratory RH data, Lowell Ashbaugh for IMPROVE OC back-up filter measurement data, Doug Lowenthal for details of his mass closure methods, and Mark Pitchford, Venkatesh Rao, Ann Dillner, and Steve McDow for miscellaneous feedback and encouragement. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 50 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 28 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2011 VL 11 IS 6 BP 2933 EP 2949 DI 10.5194/acp-11-2933-2011 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 742YW UT WOS:000288982300033 ER PT J AU Xing, J Wang, SX Jang, C Zhu, Y Hao, JM AF Xing, J. Wang, S. X. Jang, C. Zhu, Y. Hao, J. M. TI Nonlinear response of ozone to precursor emission changes in China: a modeling study using response surface methodology SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID AIR-QUALITY MODEL; VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; RIVER DELTA REGION; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; PARTICULATE MATTER; POLLUTION-CONTROL; CONTROL STRATEGIES; INVENTORY; NOX AB Statistical response surface methodology (RSM) is successfully applied for a Community Multi-scale Air Quality model (CMAQ) analysis of ozone sensitivity studies. Prediction performance has been demonstrated through cross validation, out-of-sample validation and isopleth validation. Sample methods and key parameters, including the maximum numbers of variables involved in statistical interpolation and training samples have been tested and selected through computational experiments. Overall impacts from individual source categories which include local/regional NOx and VOC emission sources and NOx emissions from power plants for three megacities - Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou - were evaluated using an RSM analysis of a July 2005 modeling study. NOx control appears to be beneficial for ozone reduction in the downwind areas which usually experience high ozone levels, and NOx control is likely to be more effective than anthropogenic VOC control during periods of heavy photochemical pollution. Regional NOx source categories are strong contributors to surface ozone mixing ratios in three megacities. Local NOx emission control without regional involvement may raise the risk of increasing urban ozone levels due to the VOC-limited conditions. However, local NOx control provides considerable reduction of ozone in upper layers (up to 1 km where the ozone chemistry is NOx-limited) and helps improve regional air quality in downwind areas. Stricter NOx emission control has a substantial effect on ozone reduction because of the shift from VOC-limited to NOx-limited chemistry. Therefore, NOx emission control should be significantly enhanced to reduce ozone pollution in China. C1 [Xing, J.; Wang, S. X.; Hao, J. M.] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Xing, J.; Wang, S. X.; Hao, J. M.] Tsinghua Univ, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Jang, C.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Zhu, Y.] S China Univ Technol, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Wang, SX (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM shxwang@tsinghua.edu.cn RI hui, wanghui/C-5671-2008; xing, jia/O-1784-2014; wang, shuxiao/H-5990-2011 OI wang, shuxiao/0000-0001-9727-1963 FU National High Technology Research and Development Program of China [2006AA06A309]; Natural Science Foundation of China [20921140409]; U.S. EPA FX The study was financially supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2006AA06A309), Natural Science Foundation of China (20921140409), and U.S. EPA. The authors thank to Thomas J. Santner and Gang Han at Ohio State University for their help on MperK program; Jeremy Schreifels and Chuck Cnfreed from U.S. EPA for their great help in editing. NR 55 TC 36 Z9 43 U1 7 U2 71 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2011 VL 11 IS 10 BP 5027 EP 5044 DI 10.5194/acp-11-5027-2011 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 770NU UT WOS:000291094500029 ER PT J AU Anenberg, SC Talgo, K Arunachalam, S Dolwick, P Jang, C West, JJ AF Anenberg, S. C. Talgo, K. Arunachalam, S. Dolwick, P. Jang, C. West, J. J. TI Impacts of global, regional, and sectoral black carbon emission reductions on surface air quality and human mortality SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EVALUATING INTERCONTINENTAL TRANSPORT; BIOMASS BURNING EMISSIONS; FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; FOSSIL-FUEL; TROPOSPHERIC OXIDANTS; PHOTOCHEMICAL SMOG; PHOTOLYSIS RATES; OZONE POLLUTION; HEALTH-BENEFITS; MEXICO-CITY AB As a component of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), black carbon (BC) is associated with premature human mortality. BC also affects climate by absorbing solar radiation and reducing planetary albedo. Several studies have examined the climate impacts of BC emissions, but the associated health impacts have been studied less extensively. Here, we examine the surface PM2.5 and premature mortality impacts of halving anthropogenic BC emissions globally and individually from eight world regions and three major economic sectors. We use a global chemical transport model, MOZART-4, to simulate PM2.5 concentrations and a health impact function to calculate premature cardiopulmonary and lung cancer deaths. We estimate that halving global anthropogenic BC emissions reduces outdoor population-weighted average PM2.5 by 542 ngm(-3) (1.8 %) and avoids 157 000 (95% confidence interval, 120 000-194 000) annual premature deaths globally, with the vast majority occurring within the source region. Most of these avoided deaths can be achieved by halving emissions in East Asia (China; 54 %), followed by South Asia (India; 31 %), however South Asian emissions have 50% greater mortality impacts per unit BC emitted than East Asian emissions. Globally, halving residential, industrial, and transportation emissions contributes 47 %, 35 %, and 15% to the avoided deaths from halving all anthropogenic BC emissions. These contributions are 1.2, 1.2, and 0.6 times each sector's portion of global BC emissions, owing to the degree of co-location with population globally. We find that reducing BC emissions increases regional SO4 concentrations by up to 28% of the magnitude of the regional BC concentration reductions, due to reduced absorption of radiation that drives photochemistry. Impacts of residential BC emissions are likely underestimated since indoor PM2.5 exposure is excluded. We estimate similar to 8 times more avoided deaths when BC and organic carbon (OC) emissions are halved together, suggesting that these results greatly underestimate the full air pollution-related mortality benefits of BC mitigation strategies which generally decrease both BC and OC. The choice of concentration-response factor and health effect thresholds affects estimated global avoided deaths by as much as 56% but does not strongly affect the regional distribution. Confidence in our results would be strengthened by reducing uncertainties in emissions, model parameterization of aerosol processes, grid resolution, and PM2.5 concentration-mortality relationships globally. C1 [Anenberg, S. C.; West, J. J.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Anenberg, S. C.; Dolwick, P.; Jang, C.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Talgo, K.; Arunachalam, S.] Univ N Carolina, Inst Environm, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP West, JJ (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. EM jjwest@email.unc.edu RI West, Jason/J-2322-2015 OI West, Jason/0000-0001-5652-4987 FU EPA Office of Air Quality Planning; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P30ES10126] FX The opinions expressed in this article are the authors' and do not necessarily represent those of the US EPA. This work was supported in part by the EPA Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards and a grant from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P30ES10126). We thank L. Emmons, S. Walters, S. Liu, and Z. Adelman for assistance with MOZART-4, J. Liu for assistance with the model evaluation, and N. Frank, T. Rao, E. Sasser, B. Hubbell, D. Leith, W. Vizuete, and K. Yeatts for valuable insights. We also thank the entire NCAR MOZART-4 development team for their efforts. NR 84 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 6 U2 52 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2011 VL 11 IS 14 BP 7253 EP 7267 DI 10.5194/acp-11-7253-2011 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 797KI UT WOS:000293125100030 ER PT J AU Richard, A Gianini, MFD Mohr, C Furger, M Bukowiecki, N Minguillon, MC Lienemann, P Flechsig, U Appel, K DeCarlo, PF Heringa, MF Chirico, R Baltensperger, U Prevot, ASH AF Richard, A. Gianini, M. F. D. Mohr, C. Furger, M. Bukowiecki, N. Minguillon, M. C. Lienemann, P. Flechsig, U. Appel, K. DeCarlo, P. F. Heringa, M. F. Chirico, R. Baltensperger, U. Prevot, A. S. H. TI Source apportionment of size and time resolved trace elements and organic aerosols from an urban courtyard site in Switzerland SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION; RAY-FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY; PARTICULATE MATTER; MASS-SPECTROMETER; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; SYNCHROTRON-XRF; HIGH-RESOLUTION; AMBIENT; AIR AB Time and size resolved data of trace elements were obtained from measurements with a rotating drum impactor (RDI) and subsequent X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Trace elements can act as indicators for the identification of sources of particulate matter <10 mu m (PM(10)) in ambient air. Receptor modeling was performed with positive matrix factorization (PMF) for trace element data from an urban background site in Zurich, Switzerland. Eight different sources were identified for the three examined size ranges (PM(1-0.1), PM(2.5-1) and PM(10-2.5)): secondary sulfate, wood combustion, fire works, road traffic, mineral dust, de-icing salt, industrial and local anthropogenic activities. The major component was secondary sulfate for the smallest size range; the road traffic factor was found in all three size ranges. This trace element analysis is complemented with data from an Aerodyne high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS), assessing the PM(1) fraction of organic aerosols. A separate PMF analysis revealed three factors related to three of the sources found with the RDI: oxygenated organic aerosol (OOA, related to inorganic secondary sulfate), hydrocarbon-like organic aerosol (HOA, related to road traffic) and biomass burning organic aerosol (BBOA), explaining 60 %, 22% and 17% of total measured organics, respectively. Since different compounds are used for the source classification, a higher percentage of the ambient PM(10) mass concentration can be apportioned to sources by the combination of both methods. C1 [Richard, A.; Mohr, C.; Furger, M.; Bukowiecki, N.; Minguillon, M. C.; Heringa, M. F.; Chirico, R.; Baltensperger, U.; Prevot, A. S. H.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Atmospher Chem, Villigen, Switzerland. [Gianini, M. F. D.] Empa, Lab Air Pollut & Environm Technol, Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Minguillon, M. C.] CSIC, Inst Environm Assessment & Water Res IDAEA, Barcelona, Spain. [Lienemann, P.] Sch Life Sci & Facil Management, Wadenswil, Switzerland. [Flechsig, U.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Swiss Light Source, Villigen, Switzerland. [Appel, K.] Helmholtz Assoc, Hamburger Synchrotronstrahlungslabor, Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Res Ctr, Hamburg, Germany. [DeCarlo, P. F.] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. [Chirico, R.] FIS LAS, Italian Natl Agcy New Technol Energy & Sustainabl, Frascati, Italy. RP Furger, M (reprint author), Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Atmospher Chem, Villigen, Switzerland. EM markus.furger@psi.ch RI Heringa, Maarten/A-7506-2010; Mohr, Claudia/D-9857-2011; Furger, Markus/C-2224-2009; Prevot, Andre/C-6677-2008; Bukowiecki, Nicolas/D-1941-2009; Minguillon, Maria Cruz/F-9431-2016 OI Mohr, Claudia/0000-0002-3291-9295; Furger, Markus/0000-0003-2401-6448; Prevot, Andre/0000-0002-9243-8194; NR 60 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 6 U2 34 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2011 VL 11 IS 17 BP 8945 EP 8963 DI 10.5194/acp-11-8945-2011 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 819EW UT WOS:000294809200008 ER PT J AU Shephard, MW Cady-Pereira, KE Luo, M Henze, DK Pinder, RW Walker, JT Rinsland, CP Bash, JO Zhu, L Payne, VH Clarisse, L AF Shephard, M. W. Cady-Pereira, K. E. Luo, M. Henze, D. K. Pinder, R. W. Walker, J. T. Rinsland, C. P. Bash, J. O. Zhu, L. Payne, V. H. Clarisse, L. TI TES ammonia retrieval strategy and global observations of the spatial and seasonal variability of ammonia SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TROPOSPHERIC EMISSION SPECTROMETER; MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPIC DATABASE; UNITED-STATES; GEOS-CHEM; MODEL; SULFATE; NH3; INVENTORY; POLLUTION; AEROSOLS AB Presently only limited sets of tropospheric ammonia (NH3) measurements in the Earth's atmosphere have been reported from satellite and surface station measurements, despite the well-documented negative impact of NH3 on the environment and human health. Presented here is a detailed description of the satellite retrieval strategy and analysis for the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) using simulations and measurements. These results show that: (i) the level of detectability for a representative boundary layer TES NH3 mixing ratio value is similar to 0.4 ppbv, which typically corresponds to a profile that contains a maximum level value of similar to 1 ppbv; (ii) TES NH3 retrievals generally provide at most one degree of freedom for signal (DOFS), with peak sensitivity between 700 and 900 mbar; (iii) TES NH3 retrievals show significant spatial and seasonal variability of NH3 globally; (iv) initial comparisons of TES observations with GEOS-CHEM estimates show TES values being higher overall. Important differences and similarities between modeled and observed seasonal and spatial trends are noted, with discrepancies indicating areas where the timing and magnitude of modeled NH3 emissions from agricultural sources, and to lesser extent biomass burning sources, need further study. C1 [Shephard, M. W.] Environm Canada, Downsview, ON, Canada. [Cady-Pereira, K. E.; Payne, V. H.] Atmospher & Environm Res Inc, Lexington, MA USA. [Luo, M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Henze, D. K.; Zhu, L.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Pinder, R. W.; Walker, J. T.; Bash, J. O.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Clarisse, L.] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Serv Chim Quant & Photophys, Brussels, Belgium. [Rinsland, C. P.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. RP Shephard, MW (reprint author), Atmospher & Climate Applicat ACApps Inc, E Gwillimbury, ON, Canada. EM mark.shephard@acappsinc.com RI Henze, Daven/A-1920-2012; Pinder, Robert/F-8252-2011; Payne, Vivienne/D-9713-2012; Bash, Jesse/E-9688-2013; Chem, GEOS/C-5595-2014; Walker, John/I-8880-2014 OI Bash, Jesse/0000-0001-8736-0102; Pinder, Robert/0000-0001-6390-7126; Walker, John/0000-0001-6034-7514 FU Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology; NASA [NNX10AG63G, EPA-STAR RD83455901] FX We would like to dedicate this article to our good friend and colleague Curtis Rinsland who passed away during review process of this publication. He was a very dedicated and accomplished scientist who will be greatly missed by our scientific community. We would like to thank Tom Connor, Alan Lipton, Jean-Luc Moncet, and Gennady Uymin of AER for building an OSS version for TES. We would also like to thank Reinhard Beer and Shepard A. (Tony) Clough for their initial retrieval support. Research was partially supported by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under contract to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Contributions at CU Boulder recognize support from NASA grant NNX10AG63G and EPA-STAR RD83455901. Research at NASA Langley Research Center was supported under a proposal funded by NASA. L. Clarisse is supported as a Postdoctoral Researcher with F.R.S.-FNRS. Although this paper has been reviewed by both EC and EPA and approved for publication, it does not necessarily reflect EPA or EC policies or views. NR 47 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 17 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2011 VL 11 IS 20 BP 10743 EP 10763 DI 10.5194/acp-11-10743-2011 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 842IW UT WOS:000296593000029 ER PT J AU Song, MO Freedman, JH AF Song, Min Ok Freedman, Jonathan H. TI Role of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha in controlling copper-responsive transcription SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Copper; HNF4 alpha; HepG2 cell; Transcription; p53; Gene expression; ATF3 ID GENE-EXPRESSION; WILSON-DISEASE; HEPG2 CELLS; DNA-BINDING; METAL-IONS; P53; TOXICITY; FACTOR-4-ALPHA; HOMEOSTASIS; MECHANISMS AB Previous global transcriptome and interactome analyses of copper-treated HepG2 cells identified hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4 alpha) as a potential master regulator of copper-responsive transcription. Copper exposure caused a decrease in the expression of HNF4 alpha at both mRNA and protein levels, which was accompanied by a decrease in the level of HNF4 alpha binding to its consensus DNA binding sequence. qRT-PCR and RNAi studies demonstrated that changes in HNF4 alpha expression ultimately affected the expressions of its down-stream target genes. Analysis of upstream regulators of HNF4 alpha expression, including p53 and ATF3, showed that copper caused an increase in the steady-state levels of these proteins. These results support a model for copper-responsive transcription in which the metal affects ATF3 expression and stabilizes p53 resulting in the down-regulation of HNF4 alpha expression. In addition, copper may directly affect p53 protein levels. The suppression of HNF4 alpha activity may contribute to the molecular mechanisms underlying the physiological and toxicological consequences of copper toxicity in hepatic-derived cells. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Song, Min Ok; Freedman, Jonathan H.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Toxicol & Pharmacol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Freedman, JH (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Toxicol & Pharmacol, Mail Drop E1-05,POB 12233,111 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM freedma1@niehs.nih.gov FU NIH; NIEHS [Z01ES102045] FX This work was supported (in part) by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH and NIEHS (Z01ES102045). NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4889 J9 BBA-MOL CELL RES JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Mol. Cell Res. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 1813 IS 1 BP 102 EP 108 DI 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2010.09.009 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 715GC UT WOS:000286867800010 PM 20875833 ER PT J AU Wehby, GL Fletcher, JM Lehrer, SF Moreno, LM Murray, JC Wilcox, A Lie, RT AF Wehby, George L. Fletcher, Jason M. Lehrer, Steven F. Moreno, Lina M. Murray, Jeffrey C. Wilcox, Allen Lie, Rolv T. TI A Genetic Instrumental Variables Analysis of the Effects of Prenatal Smoking on Birth Weight: Evidence from Two Samples SO BIODEMOGRAPHY AND SOCIAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MATERNAL SMOKING; NICOTINE DEPENDENCE; WEAK INSTRUMENTS; UNITED-STATES; TOBACCO USE; MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION; ORAL CLEFTS; PREGNANCY; ASSOCIATION; CHILDREN AB There is a large literature showing the detrimental effects of prenatal smoking on birth and childhood health outcomes. It is somewhat unclear, though, whether these effects are causal or reflect other characteristics and choices by mothers who choose to smoke that may also affect child health outcomes or biased reporting of smoking. In this paper, we use genetic markers that predict smoking behaviors as instruments to address the endogeneity of smoking choices in the production of birth and childhood health outcomes. Our results indicate that prenatal smoking produces more dramatic declines in birth weight than estimates that ignore the endogeneity of prenatal smoking, which is consistent with previous studies with non-genetic instruments. We use data from two distinct samples from Norway and the United States with different measured instruments and find nearly identical results. The study provides a novel application that can be extended to study several behavioral impacts on health and social and economic outcomes. C1 [Wehby, George L.] Univ Iowa, Dept Hlth Management & Policy, Coll Publ Hlth, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Fletcher, Jason M.] Yale Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Div Hlth Policy & Adm, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Lehrer, Steven F.] Queens Univ, Sch Policy Studies, Kingston, ON, Canada. [Moreno, Lina M.] Univ Iowa, Dept Orthodont, Dows Inst, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Murray, Jeffrey C.] Univ Iowa, Dept Pediat, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Wilcox, Allen] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Lie, Rolv T.] Univ Bergen, Sect Med Stat, Bergen, Norway. RP Wehby, GL (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Hlth Management & Policy, Coll Publ Hlth, 200 Hawkins Dr,E205 GH, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM george-wehby@uiowa.edu; jason.fletcher@yale.edu OI Wilcox, Allen/0000-0002-3376-1311 FU Intramural NIH HHS; NICHD NIH HHS [P01-HD31921, P01 HD031921]; NIDCR NIH HHS [R03 DE018394, R01 DE020895-01, R01 DE020895, R03 DE018394-02, 1 R01 DE020895-01, 1 R03 DE018394] NR 73 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 9 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1948-5565 J9 BIODEMOGR SOC BIOL JI Biodemography Soc. Biol. PY 2011 VL 57 IS 1 SI SI BP 3 EP 32 AR PII 937662953 DI 10.1080/19485565.2011.564468 PG 30 WC Demography; Social Sciences, Biomedical; Sociology SC Demography; Biomedical Social Sciences; Sociology GA 765BX UT WOS:000290679500002 PM 21845925 ER PT J AU Domingo, JWS Revetta, RP Iker, B Gomez-Alvarez, V Garcia, J Sullivan, J Weast, J AF Domingo, Jorge W. Santo Revetta, Randy P. Iker, Brandon Gomez-Alvarez, Vicente Garcia, Jarissa Sullivan, John Weast, James TI Molecular survey of concrete sewer biofilm microbial communities SO BIOFOULING LA English DT Article DE concrete biofilm; SSU rDNA sequences; microbial diversity ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; BACTERIAL COMMUNITY; OXIDIZING BACTERIA; SP NOV.; GENE; DIVERSITY; PHYLOGENY; SEQUENCES; OXIDATION AB The microbial composition of concrete biofilms within wastewater collection systems was studied using molecular assays. SSU rDNA clone libraries were generated from 16 concrete surfaces of manholes, a combined sewer overflow, and sections of a corroded sewer pipe. Of the 2457 sequences analyzed, alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-Proteobacteria represented 15%, 22%, 11%, and 4% of the clones, respectively. beta-Proteobacteria (47%) sequences were more abundant in the pipe crown than any of the other concrete surfaces. While 178 to 493 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) were associated with the different concrete samples, only four sequences were shared among the different clone libraries. Bacteria implicated in concrete corrosion were found in the clone libraries while archaea, fungi, and several bacterial groups were also detected using group-specific assays. The results showed that concrete sewer biofilms are more diverse than previously reported. A more comprehensive molecular database will be needed to better study the dynamics of concrete biofilms. C1 [Domingo, Jorge W. Santo; Revetta, Randy P.; Iker, Brandon; Gomez-Alvarez, Vicente] Environm Protect Agcy, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Garcia, Jarissa; Sullivan, John; Weast, James] Metropolitan Sewer Dist Greater Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Domingo, JWS (reprint author), Environm Protect Agcy, Cincinnati, OH USA. EM santodomingo.jorge@epa.gov FU EPA; US Environmental Protection Agency through Office of Research and Development FX This research was funded in part by EPA's Aging Water Infrastructure Research Program. The US Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed the research described herein. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Mr Biju George and Ms Beverly Head are acknowledged for valuable discussions and suggestions during the planning process, and for unlimited access to staff and facilities. NR 38 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 23 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0892-7014 J9 BIOFOULING JI Biofouling PY 2011 VL 27 IS 9 BP 993 EP 1001 DI 10.1080/08927014.2011.618637 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 844BQ UT WOS:000296722800005 ER PT J AU Niinemets, U Kuhn, U Harley, PC Staudt, M Arneth, A Cescatti, A Ciccioli, P Copolovici, L Geron, C Guenther, A Kesselmeier, J Lerdau, MT Monson, RK Penuelas, J AF Niinemets, Ue. Kuhn, U. Harley, P. C. Staudt, M. Arneth, A. Cescatti, A. Ciccioli, P. Copolovici, L. Geron, C. Guenther, A. Kesselmeier, J. Lerdau, M. T. Monson, R. K. Penuelas, J. TI Estimations of isoprenoid emission capacity from enclosure studies: measurements, data processing, quality and standardized measurement protocols SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY ACTIVE RADIATION; BIOGENIC HYDROCARBON EMISSIONS; RESOLUTION GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ATMOSPHERIC CO2 CONCENTRATION; MULTIPOINT MEASURING SYSTEM; LOW-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE; ASPEN POPULUS-TREMULA; QUERCUS-ILEX LEAVES AB The capacity for volatile isoprenoid production under standardized environmental conditions at a certain time (E-S, the emission factor) is a key characteristic in constructing isoprenoid emission inventories. However, there is large variation in published E-S estimates for any given species partly driven by dynamic modifications in E-S due to acclimation and stress responses. Here we review additional sources of variation in E-S estimates that are due to measurement and analytical techniques and calculation and averaging procedures, and demonstrate that estimations of E-S critically depend on applied experimental protocols and on data processing and reporting. A great variety of experimental setups has been used in the past, contributing to study-to-study variations in E-S estimates. We suggest that past experimental data should be distributed into broad quality classes depending on whether the data can or cannot be considered quantitative based on rigorous experimental standards. Apart from analytical issues, the accuracy of E-S values is strongly driven by extrapolation and integration errors introduced during data processing. Additional sources of error, especially in meta-database construction, can further arise from inconsistent use of units and expression bases of E-S. We propose a standardized experimental protocol for BVOC estimations and highlight basic meta-information that we strongly recommend to report with any E-S measurement. We conclude that standardization of experimental and calculation protocols and critical examination of past reports is essential for development of accurate emission factor databases. C1 [Niinemets, Ue.; Copolovici, L.] Estonian Univ Life Sci, Inst Agr & Environm Sci, EE-51014 Tartu, Estonia. [Kuhn, U.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Energie & Klimaforsch Troposphare IEK 8, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Harley, P. C.; Guenther, A.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Staudt, M.] Ctr Ecol Fonct & Evolut CEFE CNRS, F-34293 Montpellier 5, France. [Arneth, A.] Lund Univ, Div Phys Geog & Ecosyst Anal, S-22362 Lund, Sweden. [Arneth, A.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Meteorol & Climate Atmospher Environm Res, D-82467 Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany. [Cescatti, A.] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. [Ciccioli, P.] CNR, Ist Metodol Chim, Area Ric Roma 1, I-00016 Monterotondo, Italy. [Geron, C.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kesselmeier, J.] Max Planck Inst Chem, Biogeochem Dept, D-55020 Mainz, Germany. [Lerdau, M. T.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Lerdau, M. T.] Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Melung, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Monson, R. K.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Monson, R. K.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Penuelas, J.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Fac Ciencies, Global Ecol Unit, CSIC CEAB CREAF, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. RP Niinemets, U (reprint author), Estonian Univ Life Sci, Inst Agr & Environm Sci, Kreutzwaldi 1, EE-51014 Tartu, Estonia. EM ylo.niinemets@emu.ee RI Guenther, Alex/B-1617-2008; Kesselmeier, Jurgen/E-2389-2016; Niinemets, Ulo/A-3816-2008; Arneth, Almut/B-2702-2013; Penuelas, Josep/D-9704-2011; Copolovici, Lucian/B-6552-2011; Kuhn, Uwe/C-4830-2013; Harley, Peter/E-1856-2014; Garmisch-Pa, Ifu/H-9902-2014; OI Guenther, Alex/0000-0001-6283-8288; Kesselmeier, Jurgen/0000-0002-4446-534X; Niinemets, Ulo/0000-0002-3078-2192; Penuelas, Josep/0000-0002-7215-0150; Copolovici, Lucian/0000-0002-4454-200X; Harley, Peter/0000-0002-2647-1973; Staudt, Michael/0000-0001-8694-507X FU Estonian Ministry of Science and Education [SF1090065s07]; Estonian Science Foundation [7645]; European Commission; US National Science Foundation; US Environmental Protection Agency; Spanish Ministry of Science [CGL2006-04025/BOS, CSD2008-00040]; Catalan Department of Science [SGR 2009-458]; Max Planck Society; Human Frontier Science Program FX We thank the European Science Foundation (VOCBAS and INTROP programs) for travel support. The authors' studies on BVOCs have been funded by the Estonian Ministry of Science and Education (grant SF1090065s07), the Estonian Science Foundation (grant 7645), European Commission through European Regional Fund (the Center of Excellence in Environmental Adaptation), the US National Science Foundation and the US Environmental Protection Agency, the Spanish Ministry of Science (grants CGL2006-04025/BOS and Consolider-Ingenio Montes CSD2008-00040), the Catalan Department of Science (grant SGR 2009-458), and the Max Planck Society. U. N., A. A., and R. K. M. acknowledge support from the Human Frontier Science Program. NR 278 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 4 U2 41 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 EI 1726-4189 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2011 VL 8 IS 8 BP 2209 EP 2246 DI 10.5194/bg-8-2209-2011 PG 38 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 814MA UT WOS:000294457100014 ER PT J AU Ritter, W Andersen, CP Matyssek, R Grams, TEE AF Ritter, W. Andersen, C. P. Matyssek, R. Grams, T. E. E. TI Carbon flux to woody tissues in a beech/spruce forest during summer and in response to chronic O-3 exposure SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID BEECH FAGUS-SYLVATICA; FREE-AIR FUMIGATION; LOW OZONE CONCENTRATIONS; BIRCH BETULA-PENDULA; PICEA-ABIES TREES; ISOTOPE COMPOSITION; CO2 EFFLUX; MATURE TREES; ELEVATED CO2; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE AB The present study compares the dynamics in carbon (C) allocation of adult deciduous beech (Fagus sylvatica) and evergreen spruce (Picea abies) during summer and in response to seven-year-long exposure with twice-ambient ozone (O-3) concentrations (2xO(3)). Focus was on the respiratory turn-over and translocation of recent photosynthates at various positions along the stems, coarse roots and soils. The hypotheses tested were that (1) 2xO(3) decreases the allocation of recent photosynthates to CO2 efflux of stems and coarse roots of adult trees, and that (2) according to their different O3 sensitivities this effect is stronger in beech than in spruce. Labeling of whole tree canopies was applied by releasing C-13 depleted CO2 (delta C-13 of -46.9 %) using a free-air stable carbon isotope approach. Canopy air delta C-13 was reduced for about 2.5 weeks by ca. 8 parts per thousand in beech and 6 parts per thousand in spruce while the increase in CO2 concentration was limited to about 110 mu l l(-1) and 80 mu l l(-1), respectively. At the end of the labeling period, delta C-13 of stem CO2 efflux and phloem sugars was reduced to a similar extend by ca. 3-4% (beech) and ca. 23%( spruce). The fraction of labeled C (f(E,) (new)) in stem CO2 efflux amounted to 0.3 to 0.4, indicating slow C turnover of the respiratory supply system in both species. Elevated O-3 slightly stimulated the allocation of recently fixed photosynthates to stem and coarse root respiration in spruce (rejection of hypothesis I for spruce), but resulted in a significant reduction in C flux in beech (acceptance of hypotheses I and II). The distinct decrease in C allocation to beech stems indicates the potential of chronic O3 stress to substantially mitigate the C sink strength of trees on the long-term scale. C1 [Ritter, W.; Matyssek, R.; Grams, T. E. E.] Tech Univ Munich, Dept Ecol & Ecosyst Management, D-85354 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. [Andersen, C. P.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Grams, TEE (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, Dept Ecol & Ecosyst Management, Hans Carl von Carlowitz Pl 2, D-85354 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. EM grams@tum.de FU SFB [607]; Agronomy and Forestry; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft" (DFG) [B5] FX We gratefully acknowledge the skillful assistance of T. Feuerbach, H. Lohner, P. Kuba, and J. Heckmair. The study was funded through SFB 607 "Growth and Parasite Defense-Competition for Resources in Economic Plants from Agronomy and Forestry, Projects B5" by the "Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft" (DFG). The authors also wish to thank B. Ozretich and A. Bytnerowicz for helpful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. The information in this paper has been subjected to EPA peer and administrative review, and it has been approved for publication as an EPA document. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 74 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 18 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2011 VL 8 IS 11 BP 3127 EP 3138 DI 10.5194/bg-8-3127-2011 PG 12 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 862ZI UT WOS:000298132200002 ER PT J AU Maynard, JJ Dahlgren, RA O'Geen, AT AF Maynard, J. J. Dahlgren, R. A. O'Geen, A. T. TI Soil carbon cycling and sequestration in a seasonally saturated wetland receiving agricultural runoff SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID FRESH-WATER WETLANDS; CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; SAN-JOAQUIN VALLEY; CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; ORGANIC-MATTER; NUTRIENT ACCUMULATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; EROSION; SEDIMENT; TERRESTRIAL AB The fate of organic carbon (C) lost by erosion is not well understood in agricultural settings. Recent models suggest that wetlands and other small water bodies may serve as important long-term sinks of eroded C, receiving similar to 30% of all eroded material in the US. To better understand the role of seasonally-saturated wetlands in sequestering eroded C, we examined the spatial and temporal dynamics of C and sediment accumulation in a 13-year-old constructed wetland used to treat agricultural runoff. The fate of C sequestered within deposited sediment was modeled using point-sampling, remote sensing, and geostatistics. Using a spatially-explicit sampling design, annual net rates of sedimentation and above-ground biomass were measured during two contrasting years (vegetated (2004) vs. non-vegetated (2005)), followed by collection of sediment cores to the antecedent soil layer, representing 13 years of sediment and C accumulation. We documented high annual variation in the relative contribution of endogenous and exogenous C sources, as well as absolute rates of sediment and C deposition. This annual variation, however, was muted in the long-term (13 yr) sediment record, which showed consistent vertical patterns of uniform C distribution (similar to 14 g kg(-1)) and delta C-13 signatures in high depositional environments. This was in contrast to low depositional environments which had high levels of surface C enrichment (20-35 g kg(-1)) underlain by C depleted (5-10 g kg(-1)) sediments and an increasing delta C-13 signature with depth indicating increased decomposition. These results highlight the importance of sedimentation in physically protecting soil organic carbon and its role in controlling the long-term C concentration of seasonally-saturated wetland soils. While significant enrichment of surface sediments with endogenous C occurred in newly deposited sediment (i.e., 125 kgm(2) in 2004), fluctuating cycles of flooding and drying maintained the long-term C concentration at the same level as inflowing sediment (i.e., 14 g kg(-1)), indicating no additional long-term storage of endogenous C. These results demonstrate that constructed flow-through wetlands can serve as important sinks for eroded C and sediment in agricultural landscapes, however, additional C sequestration via enrichment from endogenous sources may be limited in seasonally-saturated wetlands due to rapid decomposition during drying cycles. C1 [Maynard, J. J.] US EPA, Corvallis, OR USA. [Dahlgren, R. A.; O'Geen, A. T.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Maynard, JJ (reprint author), US EPA, Corvallis, OR USA. EM maynard.jonathan@epa.gov FU California State Water Resources Control Board; Kearney Foundation of Soil Science FX Funding for this project has been provided through an agreement with the California State Water Resources Control Board and the Kearney Foundation of Soil Science. The contents of this document do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the California State Water Resources Control Board, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The information in this document has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We would like to thank Mickey Saso for his cooperation and support, and Jiayou Deng and James Chang for their help with field sampling and laboratory analysis. We would also like to thank Greg McCarty, William Renwick, and an anonymous referee for their constructive review of this manuscript. NR 77 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 38 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2011 VL 8 IS 11 BP 3391 EP 3406 DI 10.5194/bg-8-3391-2011 PG 16 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 862ZI UT WOS:000298132200019 ER PT J AU Rao, ST Galmarini, S Puckett, K AF Rao, S. Trivikrama Galmarini, Stefano Puckett, Keith TI Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII) Advancing the State of the Science in Regional Photochemical Modeling and Its Applications SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material ID MULTIMODEL ENSEMBLE; AMS WORKSHOP; WOODS-HOLE; PART I; VERSION 4.5; PERFORMANCE; OZONE; PREDICTIONS; FORECASTS; UNCERTAINTY C1 [Rao, S. Trivikrama] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Galmarini, Stefano] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. [Puckett, Keith] Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Rao, ST (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM rao.st@epa.gov NR 48 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 EI 1520-0477 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 92 IS 1 BP 23 EP 30 DI 10.1175/2010BAMS3069.1 PG 8 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 729OD UT WOS:000287959200009 ER PT J AU Sielen, AB AF Sielen, Alan B. TI "WE DYE FOR THE STARS" Los Angeles Remembered SO CALIFORNIA HISTORY LA English DT Article C1 [Sielen, Alan B.] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. RP Sielen, AB (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL SOC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 678 MISSION ST, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94105-4014 USA SN 0162-2897 J9 CALIF HIST JI Calif. Hist. PY 2011 VL 88 IS 3 BP 40 EP + PG 24 WC History SC History GA V32JY UT WOS:000208948700006 ER PT J AU Virkutyte, J Varma, RS AF Virkutyte, Jurate Varma, Rajender S. TI Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles: Biodegradable polymers and enzymes in stabilization and surface functionalization SO CHEMICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COATED GOLD NANOPARTICLES; IRON-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; PALLADIUM NANOPARTICLES; MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES; CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE; CHITOSAN NANOCOMPOSITES; BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS; RECYCLABLE CATALYST; POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL AB Current breakthroughs in green nanotechnology are capable of transforming many of the existing processes and products that enhance environmental quality, reduce pollution, and conserve natural and non-renewable resources. Successful use of metal nanoparticles and nanocomposites in various catalytic applications, electronics, biology and biomedical applications, material science, physics, environmental remediation and interdisciplinary fields as well as their toxicity essentially depends on the structural features such as size, shape, composition and the surface chemistry of nanomaterials. Moreover, to prolong the life span of metal nanoparticles and avoid undesired effects such as aggregation in aqueous solutions and organic solvents, to prevent contamination of the environment as well as to reuse and recycle nanoparticles, it is vital to select stabilizing agents and functionalization pathways that are environmentally friendly, non toxic and easy to implement. In recent years, stabilization and surface functionalization of metal nanoparticles became 'greener' to the extent that biocompatible stabilizing agents, e. g. biodegradable polymers and enzymes among others were introduced. These agents were able to produce a great variety of extremely stable spherical-, rod- or flower- shaped metal nanoparticles that opened up vast opportunities for their utilization and potential mass production. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art in the use of biocompatible and biodegradable homo- and copolymers as well as enzymes for the production of stable, environmentally benign, selective and active metal nanoparticles for desired applications. C1 [Virkutyte, Jurate; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Virkutyte, J (reprint author), Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, 46 E Hollister St, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA. EM Virkutyte.Jurate@epa.gov; Varma.Rajender@epa.gov FU US EPA FX This work was accomplished while J.V. held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at US EPA. NR 79 TC 106 Z9 107 U1 5 U2 103 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2041-6520 J9 CHEM SCI JI Chem. Sci. PY 2011 VL 2 IS 5 BP 837 EP 846 DI 10.1039/c0sc00338g PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 764KY UT WOS:000290629600001 ER PT J AU Loux, NT AF Loux, Nicholas T. TI Extending the diffuse layer model of surface acidity constant behaviour: IV. Diffuse layer charge/potential relationships SO CHEMICAL SPECIATION AND BIOAVAILABILITY LA English DT Article DE charge/potential relationships; Poisson-Boltzmann equation; hypernetted chain; Entropic Balanced Surface Potential model; diffuse layer potential ID POISSON-BOLTZMANN EQUATION; ELECTRICAL DOUBLE-LAYERS; OXIDE-WATER INTERFACE; COUNTERION CONDENSATION; ACTIVITY-COEFFICIENTS; FREE-ENERGY; ADSORPTION; HYDRATION; IONS; PARTICLE AB Most current electrostatic surface complexation models describing ionic binding at the particle/water interface rely on the use of Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) theory for relating diffuse layer charge densities to diffuse layer electrostatic potentials. PB theory is known to contain a number of implicit assumptions whose significance in environmental applications is largely unknown. This study seeks to better quantify the impact of these assumptions by: (1) comparing potentials obtained from planar analytical solutions to the PB with those obtained from Hypernetted Chain (HNC) theory (Attard, 2006), (2) assessing the accuracy of the Ohshima et al. (1982) spherical approximate analytical solution to the PB equation by comparison with published numerical values (Loeb et al., 1961), and (3) comparing interfacial potential estimates obtained from the spherical approximate analytical solution to the PB equation at and adjacent to the particle surface with potential estimates obtained from the Entropic Balanced Surface Potential (EB) model (Loux, 1985; Loux and Anderson, 2001) and published potential estimates obtained from the Hypernetted Chain/Mean Spherical Approximation procedure (HNC/MSA; Gonzalez-Tovar and Lozada-Cassou, 1989). EB potential estimates were obtained assuming a surface volume thickness equal to the Bjerrum length (0.357 nm in a room temperature monovalent electrolyte solution). Findings from the study included: (1) the planar, surficial HNC estimates compared favourably with planar surficial PB relationships at charge densities equal to or less than 0.05C m(-2), (2) the Ohshima et al. (1982) approximate spherical analytical solution to the PB equation replicated the numerical charge density estimates required to obtain 72 datapoints over an e Psi/kT range of one to four with a maximum error of 3.37% and a coefficient of variation of 0.92%, (3) for a 0.1 mu m radius particle in a room temperature 0.01 M (1:1) ionic strength solution, potential estimates over a surface charge density range of 0 to 0.3C m(-2) occurred in the following order: Psi(HNC/MSA,R) > Psi(PB,R) > Psi(HNC/MSA,R+0.2125) (nm) > Psi P-B,P-R+0.2 nm similar to Psi(EB) > Psi(HNC/MSA,R+0.425 nm) similar to Psi(PB,R+0.4 nm) and (4) with 45 datapoints including both 1 mu m and 10 nm radius particles over an ionic strength range of 1.0 to 0.001 M, the PB potential estimates 0.2 nm from the particle surface (Psi(PB,R+0.2 nm)) closely tracked the corresponding EB estimates (Psi(EB)) with a 5.3% coefficient of variation. If one assumes that interfacial potential values adjacent to the particle surface are most relevant for describing environmental phenomena and that a 10% coefficient of variation in potential estimates is acceptable, then presumably any of the non-surficial charge/potential relationships would be useful below an absolute charge density of 0.125 C m(-2) (with monovalent electrolyte solutions). C1 US EPA, EPA ORD NERL ERD, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Loux, NT (reprint author), US EPA, EPA ORD NERL ERD, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM loux.nick@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the agency's administrative review process and approved for publication. Mention of trade names and commercial products does not necessarily constitute recommendation for use. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU SCIENCE REVIEWS 2000 LTD PI ST ALBANS PA PO BOX 314, ST ALBANS AL1 4ZG, HERTS, ENGLAND SN 0954-2299 J9 CHEM SPEC BIOAVAILAB JI Chem. Speciation Bioavail. PY 2011 VL 23 IS 4 BP 213 EP 223 DI 10.3184/095422911X13103739560379 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 858TC UT WOS:000297824600003 ER PT J AU Silva, MJ Furr, J Samandar, E Preau, JL Gray, LE Needham, LL Calafat, AM AF Silva, Manori J. Furr, Johnathan Samandar, Ella Preau, James L., Jr. Gray, L. Earl Needham, Larry L. Calafat, Antonia M. TI Urinary and serum metabolites of di-n-pentyl phthalate in rats SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Di-n-pentyl phthalate (DPP); Mono-n-pentyl phthalate (MPP); MHPP; Biomarkers; Exposure assessment; Oxidative metabolism ID DEUTERIUM-LABELED DEHP; DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHTHALATE DEHP; OXIDATIVE METABOLITES; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; BUTYL PHTHALATE; OCTYL PHTHALATE; HUMAN EXPOSURE; BIOMARKERS; ESTERS; EXCRETION AB Di-n-pentyl phthalate (DPP) is used mainly as a plasticizer in nitrocellulose. At high doses. DPP acts as a potent testicular toxicant in rats. We administered a single oral dose of 500 mg kg(-1) bw of DPP to adult female Sprague-Dawley rats (N = 9) and collected 24-h urine samples 1 d before and 24- and 48-h after DPP was administered to tentatively identify DPP metabolites that could be used as exposure biomarkers. At necropsy, 48 h after dosing, we also collected serum. The metabolites were extracted from urine or serum, resolved with high performance liquid chromatography, and detected by mass spectrometry. Two DPP metabolites, phthalic acid (PA) and mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP), were identified by using authentic standards, whereas mono-n-pentyl phthalate (MPP), mono(4-oxopentyl) phthalate (MOPP), mono(4-hydroxypentyl) phthalate (MHPP), mono(4-carboxybutyl) phthalate (MCBP), mono(2-carboxyethyl) phthalate (MCEP), and mono-n-pentenyl phthalate (MPeP) were identified based on their full scan mass spectrometric fragmentation pattern. The omega - 1 oxidation product, MHPP, was the predominant urinary metabolite of DPP. The median urinary concentrations (mu g mL(-1)) of the metabolites in the first 24 h urine collection after DPP administration were 993 (MHPP), 168 (MCBP), 0.2 (MCEP), 222 (MPP), 47 (MOPP), 26 (PA), 16 (MPeP), and 9 (MCPP): the concentrations of metabolites in the second 24 h urine collection after DPP administration were significantly lower than in the first collection. We identified some urinary metabolic products in the serum, but at much lower levels than in urine. Because of the similarities in metabolism of phthalates between rats and humans, based on our results and the fact that MHPP can only be formed from the metabolism of DPP, MHPP would be the most adequate DPP exposure biomarker for human exposure assessment. Nonetheless, based on the urinary levels of MHPP, our preliminary data suggest that human exposure to DPP in the United States is rather limited. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Silva, Manori J.; Samandar, Ella; Preau, James L., Jr.; Needham, Larry L.; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Furr, Johnathan; Gray, L. Earl] US EPA, Reprod Toxicol Branch, Toxic Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Silva, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop F53, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM zca2@cdc.gov RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011 NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JAN PY 2011 VL 82 IS 3 BP 431 EP 436 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.09.052 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 710EN UT WOS:000286493800018 PM 20951405 ER PT J AU Zhang, XL Yan, S Tyagi, RD Surampalli, RY AF Zhang, Xiaolei Yan, Song Tyagi, R. D. Surampalli, R. Y. TI Synthesis of nanoparticles by microorganisms and their application in enhancing microbiological reaction rates SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Review DE Nanotechnology; Nanoparticles; Microorganisms; Nanoparticle biosynthesis; Biosynthesis mechanism; Applications of nanoparticles ID WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; ZERO-VALENT IRON; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; EXTRACELLULAR BIOSYNTHESIS; FUNGUS; ACTINOMYCETE AB Nanotechnology has attracted a great interest in recent years due to its expected impact on many areas such as energy, medicine, electronics, and space industries. This review provides the state-of-art knowledge on the synthesis of nanoparticles by microorganisms including bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, and yeast, and their effect on microbiological processes. The available microbes and their predicted nanoparticle biosynthesis mechanism, the conditions to control the size/shape and monodispersity of particles, and microbiological reaction rate enhancement using nanoparticles as catalysts are presented. The current limitations and future scope for specific research are also discussed. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Xiaolei; Yan, Song; Tyagi, R. D.] INRS Eau Terre & Environm, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), INRS Eau Terre & Environm, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM tyagi@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [A 4984] FX Sincere thanks are due to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant A 4984, Canada Research Chair) for their financial support. The authors thank Neema P.M. for reading the manuscript. The views and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and should not be construed as the opinions of the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 48 TC 73 Z9 74 U1 9 U2 63 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JAN PY 2011 VL 82 IS 4 BP 489 EP 494 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.10.023 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 714DS UT WOS:000286788300001 PM 21055786 ER PT J AU Smuleac, V Varma, R Baruwati, B Sikdar, S Bhattacharyya, D AF Smuleac, Vasile Varma, Rajender Baruwati, Babita Sikdar, Subhas Bhattacharyya, Dibakar TI Nanostructured Membranes for Enzyme Catalysis and Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles SO CHEMSUSCHEM LA English DT Article DE electrostatic interactions; enzymes; immobilization; membranes; nanoparticles ID MICROFILTRATION MEMBRANES; NANOTUBE MEMBRANES; PD NANOPARTICLES; HYDRODECHLORINATION; SELECTIVITY; DECHLORINATION; NANOCOMPOSITE; CHANNEL; REACTOR; SIZE AB Macroporous membranes functionalized with ionizable macromolecules provide promising applications in high capacity toxic metal capture, nanoparticle syntheses, and catalysis. Our low-pressure membrane approach has good reaction and separation selectivities, which are tunable by varying pH, ionic strength, or pressure. The sustainable green chemistry approach under ambient conditions and the evaluation of a reactive poly(acrylic acid) (PAA)-modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane is described. Two distinct membrane types were obtained through different methods: 1) a stacked membrane through layer-by-layer assembly for the incorporation of enzymes (catalase and glucose oxidase), providing tunable product yields and 2) Fe/Pd nanoparticles for degradation of pollutants, obtained through an in situ green synthesis. Bioreactornanodomain interactions and mixed matrix nanocomposite membranes provide remarkable versatility compared to conventional membranes. C1 [Smuleac, Vasile; Bhattacharyya, Dibakar] Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Varma, Rajender; Baruwati, Babita; Sikdar, Subhas] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Bhattacharyya, D (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. EM db@engr.uky.edu FU NIEHS; DOE-KRCEE FX This study was supported by the NIEHS-SRP program and by DOE-KRCEE. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1864-5631 J9 CHEMSUSCHEM JI ChemSusChem PY 2011 VL 4 IS 12 BP 1773 EP 1777 DI 10.1002/cssc.201100211 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 860MW UT WOS:000297953400011 PM 22086852 ER PT S AU Garrison, AW AF Garrison, A. Wayne BE Garrison, AW Gan, J Liu, W TI An Introduction to Pesticide Chirality and the Consequences of Stereoselectivity SO CHIRAL PESTICIDES: STEREOSELECTIVITY AND ITS CONSEQUENCES SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Modern Chiral Pesticides: Enantioselectivity and Its Consequences CY 2010 CL San Francisco, CA SP ACS, Agrochem Div ID TRANSFORMATION; POLLUTANTS; TOXICITY AB Thirty percent of known registered pesticides are chiral and usually exhibit some degree of stereoselectivity in their biodegradation rates and/or toxicity. Since the great majority of chiral pesticides are manufactured and applied as their racemic mixtures, there is a need for defining their stereoselectivity to provide for improved risk assessment and establish, in some cases, the rationale for production of single-or enriched-enantiomer products. C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Garrison, AW (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM garrison.wayne@epa.gov RI Liu, Weiping/E-9208-2010 OI Liu, Weiping/0000-0002-1173-892X NR 16 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-2679-1 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2011 VL 1085 BP 1 EP 7 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture; Chemistry GA BDF55 UT WOS:000313023100001 ER PT S AU Ulrich, EM Falconer, RL AF Ulrich, Elin M. Falconer, Renee L. BE Garrison, AW Gan, J Liu, W TI Chiral Chlordane Components in Environmental Matrices SO CHIRAL PESTICIDES: STEREOSELECTIVITY AND ITS CONSEQUENCES SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Modern Chiral Pesticides: Enantioselectivity and Its Consequences CY 2010 CL San Francisco, CA SP ACS, Agrochem Div ID RESOLUTION GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; US CORN-BELT; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; ENANTIOMER FRACTIONS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ENANTIOSELECTIVE DETERMINATION; ALPHA-HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; GREAT-LAKES; CHLORINATED PESTICIDES AB Chlordane, a persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic organochlorine pesticide, has been studied for many years. Since the advent of chiral analysis for environmental samples, over 2,400 measurements have been made of various chiral chlordane components. Chlordane enantiomer fractions most often have been reported for air and soil with studies suggesting volatilization from soil is an important source to ambient air, although urban termiticide usage also can influence chiral chlordane measurements. Sediment core studies suggest the small amount of enantioselective degradation of chlordane likely occurs prior to deposition. In general, enantioselective degradation of chlordanes in biota occurs more frequently resulting in more nonracemic values than in other environmental media. There is also more diversity in range and enantiomer preference in biota. Analysis in plants has shown the ability to enantioselectively uptake and transport chlordane compounds from soil to root, from air to leaf and within the plant itself. Observation and measurement of chlordane enantiomers can provide a better understanding of the fate, exposure, toxicity, and risk of chlordanes and other chiral compounds in the environment. C1 [Ulrich, Elin M.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Falconer, Renee L.] Chatham Univ, Dept Chem, Pittsburgh, PA 15232 USA. RP Ulrich, EM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM ulrich.elin@epa.gov NR 92 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-2679-1 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2011 VL 1085 BP 11 EP + PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture; Chemistry GA BDF55 UT WOS:000313023100002 ER PT S AU Hetrick, JA Jones, RD Termes, SC AF Hetrick, James A. Jones, R. David Termes, Silvia C. BE Garrison, AW Gan, J Liu, W TI Ecological Risk Assessment Issues for Chiral Pesticides SO CHIRAL PESTICIDES: STEREOSELECTIVITY AND ITS CONSEQUENCES SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Modern Chiral Pesticides: Enantioselectivity and Its Consequences CY 2010 CL San Francisco, CA SP ACS, Agrochem Div ID PHENOXYALKANOIC ACID HERBICIDES; ENANTIOSELECTIVE DEGRADATION; SOIL; METALAXYL; AQUIFER AB The USEPA's ecological risk assessment framework provides a clearly defined process for conducting ecological risk assessments for the registration and re-evaluation of pesticides. The ultimate product of this framework is an ecological risk characterization and assessment, which integrates data on pesticide use, chemistry, and ecotoxicity. Consideration of chiral pesticides in the risk assessment process poses numerous challenges related to the enantioselectivity in environmental fate processes and ecotoxicity. A critical assessment of risk assessment issues for chiral pesticides is discussed in the context of the USEPA risk assessment framework. C1 [Hetrick, James A.; Jones, R. David; Termes, Silvia C.] US EPA, Off Chem Safety & Pollut Prevent, Off Pesticide Programs, Environm Fate & Effects Div 7507P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Hetrick, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Chem Safety & Pollut Prevent, Off Pesticide Programs, Environm Fate & Effects Div 7507P, 1200 Penn Ave, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM hetrick.james@epa.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-2679-1 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2011 VL 1085 BP 183 EP 200 PG 18 WC Agricultural Engineering; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture; Chemistry GA BDF55 UT WOS:000313023100012 ER PT J AU Karn, B Kuiken, T Otto, M AF Karn, Barbara Kuiken, Todd Otto, Martha TI Nanotechnology and in situ remediation: a review of the benefits and potential risks SO CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA LA English DT Review DE Environmental implications; Environmental technology; Hazardous wastes; Nanoremediation; Nanotechnology; Pollutants; Remediation; Toxicity; Waste sites; Zero-valent iron ID NANOSCALE IRON PARTICLES; ZERO-VALENT IRON; ENGINEERED NANOPARTICLES; WATER; ENVIRONMENT; SUSPENSIONS; TRANSPORT; FIELD; C-60; ECOTOXICOLOGY AB In this review, we focus on environmental cleanup and provide a background and overview of current practice; research findings; societal issues; potential environment, health, and safety implications; and future directions for nanoremediation. We also discuss nanoscale zero-valent iron in detail. We searched the Web of Science for research studies and accessed recent publicly available reports from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and other agencies and organizations that addressed the applications and implications associated with nanoremediation techniques. We also conducted personal interviews with practitioners about specific site remediations. We aggregated information from 45 sites, a representative portion of the total projects under way, to show nanomaterials used, types of pollutants addressed, and organizations responsible for each site. Nanoremediation has the potential not only to reduce the overall costs of cleaning up large-scale contaminated sites but also to reduce cleanup time, eliminate the need for treatment and disposal of contaminated soil, and reduce some contaminant concentrations to near zero -all in situ. C1 [Karn, Barbara; Otto, Martha] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NCER, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Kuiken, Todd] Woodrow Wilson Int Ctr Scholars, Project Emerging Nanotechnol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Karn, B (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NCER, 8722F,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM karn.barbara@epa.gov RI bee, betty/G-1104-2011; Kuiken, Todd/A-3784-2016 OI Kuiken, Todd/0000-0001-7851-6232 NR 71 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 8 U2 98 PU ABRASCO PI RIO DE JANEIRO PA RUA HESPERIA, 16-PARTE MANGUINHOS, RIO DE JANEIRO, 21050-040, BRAZIL SN 1413-8123 J9 CIENC SAUDE COLETIVA JI Cienc. Saude Coletiva PD JAN PY 2011 VL 16 IS 1 BP 165 EP 178 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 697JU UT WOS:000285510600020 PM 21180825 ER PT J AU Williams, LO Dwyer, SF Zornberg, JG Hoyt, DL Hargreaves, GA AF Williams, Laura O. Dwyer, Stephen F. Zornberg, Jorge G. Hoyt, Dorthea L. Hargreaves, Gregory A. TI Covering It All SO CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article C1 [Williams, Laura O.] US EPA, Rocky Mt Arsenal Project, Denver, CO USA. [Dwyer, Stephen F.] Dwyer Engn LLC, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Zornberg, Jorge G.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Zornberg, Jorge G.] Int Geosynthet Soc, W Palm Beach, FL USA. [Hoyt, Dorthea L.] Pacific Western Technol Ltd, Wheat Ridge, CO USA. [Hargreaves, Gregory A.] US EPA, Oversight Team, Denver, CO USA. RP Williams, LO (reprint author), US EPA, Rocky Mt Arsenal Project, Denver, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0885-7024 J9 CIVIL ENG JI Civil Eng. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 81 IS 1 BP 64 EP 71 PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 705WE UT WOS:000286170600017 ER PT B AU Van Emon, JM AF Van Emon, J. M. BE MooYoung, M TI Immunoassays in Biotechnology SO COMPREHENSIVE BIOTECHNOLOGY, VOL 1: SCIENTIFIC FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FOOD ANALYSIS; IMMUNOSENSORS C1 US EPA, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Van Emon, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-088504-9; 978-0-44-453352-4 PY 2011 BP 659 EP 667 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA BA3SL UT WOS:000334724000049 ER PT B AU McAlary, TA Provoost, J Dawson, HE AF McAlary, Todd A. Provoost, Jeroen Dawson, Helen E. BE Swartjes, FA TI Vapor Intrusion SO DEALING WITH CONTAMINATED SITES: FROM THEORY TOWARDS PRACTICAL APPLICATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ADVECTIVE-DISPERSIVE TRANSPORT; DENSE ORGANIC VAPORS; INDOOR-AIR; UNSATURATED ZONE; AEROBIC BIODEGRADATION; GAS-TRANSPORT; SOIL; BUILDINGS; MODEL; CONTAMINATION AB Vapor intrusion is a pathway of potential exposure to volatile and semi-volatile contaminants (collectively referred to here as VOCs or vapors) that migrate from the subsurface to the air inside occupied buildings. Soil vapor intrusion to indoor air can occur regardless of whether a building has a basement, slab-on-grade or crawlspace design. As a basis for a mathematical model a conceptual model is needed, which describes the movement of contaminants from the source to the building, vapor migration barriers and receptors. It also provides a framework for interpreting the processes influencing the fate and transport of contaminants as they move from a source to a receptor. The approach for assessing vapor intrusion will vary from site-to-site, but there are certain elements that are appropriate in most cases. In this chapter the relevant processes have been described, like phase partitioning, biodegradation, advection and dilution within the building due to ventilation. Moreover, the presence of NAPLs, available vapor intrusion models, sampling and analysis procedures and subsurface vapor mitigation have been discussed. C1 [McAlary, Todd A.] Geosyntec Consultants Inc, Guelph, ON, Canada. [Dawson, Helen E.] US EPA, Denver, CO USA. [Provoost, Jeroen] Flemish Inst Technol Res VITO, Mol, Belgium. RP McAlary, TA (reprint author), Geosyntec Consultants Inc, Guelph, ON, Canada. EM tmcalary@geosyntec.com; Jeroen.Provoost@yahoo.co.uk; dawson.helen@epa.gov NR 105 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-90-481-9756-9 PY 2011 BP 409 EP 453 DI 10.1007/978-90-481-9757-6_10 D2 10.1007/978-90-481-9757-6 PG 45 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BTG62 UT WOS:000286907000010 ER PT J AU Song, YQ Xu, Q Park, Y Hollenbeck, A Schatzkin, A Chen, HL AF Song, Yiqing Xu, Qun Park, Yikyung Hollenbeck, Albert Schatzkin, Arthur Chen, Honglei TI Multivitamins, Individual Vitamin and Mineral Supplements, and Risk of Diabetes Among Older US Adults SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; NATIONAL-INSTITUTES; DIETARY CALCIUM; HEALTH; WOMEN; ASSOCIATION; ANTIOXIDANT; POPULATION AB OBJECTIVE- Understanding the relationship between multivitamin use and diabetes risk is important given the wide use of multivitamin supplements among U.S. adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS- We prospectively examined supplemental use of multivitamins and individual vitamins and minerals assessed in 1995-1996 in relation to self-reported diabetes diagnosed after 2000 among 232,007 participants in the National Institutes of Health American Association of Retired Persons Diet and Health Study. Multivitamin use was assessed by a food-frequency questionnaire at baseline. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were calculated by logistic regression models, adjusted for potential confounders. In total, 14,130 cases of diabetes diagnosed after 2000 were included in the analysis. RESULTS- Frequent use of any multivitamins was not associated with risk of diabetes after adjustment for potential confounders and uses of individual supplements. Compared with nonusers of any multivitamins, the multivariate ORs among users were 1.07 (95% CI 0.94-1.21) for taking vitamins less than once per week, 0.97 (0.88-1.06) for one to three times per week, 0.92 (0.84-1.00) for four to six times per week, and 1.02 (0.98-1.06) for seven or more times per week (P for trend = 0.64). Significantly lower risk of diabetes was associated with the use of vitamin C or calcium supplements. The multivariate ORs comparing daily users with nonusers were 0.91 (0.86-0.97) for vitamin C supplements and 0.85 (0.80-0.90) for calcium supplements. Use of vitamin E or other individual vitamin and mineral supplements were not associated with diabetes risk. CONCLUSIONS- In this large cohort of U.S. older adults, multivitamin use was not associated with diabetes risk. The findings of lower diabetes risk among frequent users of vitamin C or calcium supplements warrant further evaluations. C1 [Xu, Qun; Chen, Honglei] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Xu, Qun] Chinese Acad Med Sci, Inst Basic Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Hlth Stat, Beijing 100730, Peoples R China. [Song, Yiqing] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Div Prevent Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Park, Yikyung; Schatzkin, Arthur] NCI, Nutr Epidemiol Branch, Rockville, MD USA. [Hollenbeck, Albert] Amer Assoc Retired Persons, Washington, DC USA. RP Chen, HL (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM chenh2@niehs.nih.gov OI Chen, Honglei/0000-0003-3446-7779; Park, Yikyung/0000-0002-6281-489X FU NIH, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01-ES-101986]; National Cancer Institute [Z01 CP010196-02]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland [K01-DK078846] FX This study was supported by the intramural research program of the NIH, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01-ES-101986), and the National Cancer Institute (Z01 CP010196-02). Y.S. is supported by a grant (K01-DK078846) from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland. NR 25 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JAN PY 2011 VL 34 IS 1 BP 108 EP 114 DI 10.2337/dc10-1260 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 710FT UT WOS:000286497000022 PM 20978095 ER PT J AU Puskin, JS AF Puskin, Jerome S. TI DEADLY RADON IN MONTANA? SO DOSE-RESPONSE LA English DT Editorial Material ID NO THRESHOLD THEORY; RADIATION CARCINOGENESIS; LUNG-CANCER C1 US EPA, Radiat Protect Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Puskin, JS (reprint author), US EPA, Radiat Protect Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT DOSE-RESPONSE SOC PI AMHERST PA UNIV MASSACHUSETTS SPH, MORRILL SCI CTR 1, N344, 639 N PLEASANT ST, AMHERST, MA 01003-9298 USA SN 1559-3258 J9 DOSE-RESPONSE JI Dose-Response PY 2011 VL 9 IS 3 BP 442 EP 442 DI 10.2203/dose-response.11-031.Puskin PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Toxicology GA 832WP UT WOS:000295840900012 PM 22013405 ER PT J AU Jordan, SJ Stoffer, J Nestlerode, JA AF Jordan, Stephen J. Stoffer, Jonathan Nestlerode, Janet A. TI Wetlands as Sinks for Reactive Nitrogen at Continental and Global Scales: A Meta-Analysis SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE nitrogen; reactive nitrogen; wetlands; denitrification; nitrogen removal; nitrogen loading ID SALT-MARSH; CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; RIVER-BASIN; NUTRIENT; EUTROPHICATION; ECOSYSTEMS; RETENTION; DENITRIFICATION; SATURATION; LOADS AB Wetlands support physical and ecological functions that result in valuable services to society, including removal of reactive nitrogen (Nr) from surface water and groundwater. We compiled published data from wetland studies worldwide to estimate total Nr removal and to evaluate factors that influence removal rates. Over several orders of magnitude in wetland area and Nr loading rates, there is a positive, near-linear relationship between Nr removal and Nr loading. The linear model (null hypothesis) explains the data better than either a model of declining Nr removal efficiency with increasing Nr loading, or a Michaelis-Menten (saturation) model. We estimate that total Nr removal by major classes of wetlands in the contiguous U.S. is approximately 20-21% of the total anthropogenic load of Nr to the region. Worldwide, Nr removal by wetlands is roughly 17% of anthropogenic Nr inputs. Historical loss of 50% of native wetland area suggests an equivalent loss of Nr removal capacity. Expanded protection and large-scale restoration of wetlands should be considered in strategies to re-balance the global nitrogen cycle and mitigate the negative consequences of excess Nr loading. C1 [Jordan, Stephen J.; Nestlerode, Janet A.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Stoffer, Jonathan] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Biol, Galveston, TX 77553 USA. RP Jordan, SJ (reprint author), US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM jordan.steve@epa.gov NR 39 TC 36 Z9 40 U1 7 U2 69 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD JAN PY 2011 VL 14 IS 1 BP 144 EP 155 DI 10.1007/s10021-010-9400-z PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 732GC UT WOS:000288172000010 ER PT S AU Ankley, GT Hockett, JR Mount, DI Mount, DR AF Ankley, Gerald T. Hockett, James R. Mount, Donald I. Mount, David R. BE Brack, W TI Early Evolution of the Toxicity Identification Evaluation Process: Contributions from the United States Environmental Protection Agency Effluent Testing Program SO EFFECT-DIRECTED ANALYSIS OF COMPLEX ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION SE Handbook of Environmental Chemistry Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Effluent; Toxicity; Toxicity identification evaluation ID CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION; ESTROGENIC CHEMICALS; STW EFFLUENT; TOXICANTS; SURFACTANTS AB During the 1980s, whole effluent toxicity testing was incorporated into the regulatory control program for municipal and industrial effluents in the USA, as a complement to chemical-specific limitations. While regulating effluent toxicity offered several advantages, it also required the development of means to identify and control sources of toxicity within effluents, which could include toxicants not previously monitored or even known. To meet this need, the US Environmental Protection Agency developed an effects-directed analysis procedure called "toxicity identification evaluation". This involved a suite of physical/chemical manipulations that are applied to aliquots of a toxic effluent sample, and the relative effects of these manipulations on effluent toxicity are used to infer the type of toxicant(s) responsible for toxicity, and to guide their isolation and analytical identification. This chapter provides an overview of these methods and their component phases: I Characterization, II - Identification, and III - Confirmation. Case examples of toxicant identification in effluents from municipal and industrial sources are discussed, along with a broad summary of the types of toxicants identified, and the characteristics of those toxicants that helped guide their assessment. C1 [Ankley, Gerald T.; Hockett, James R.; Mount, Donald I.; Mount, David R.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Ankley, GT (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM ankley.gerald@epa.gov NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1433-6863 BN 978-3-642-18383-6 J9 HANDB ENVIRON CHEM JI Handb. Environ. Chem. PY 2011 VL 15 BP 1 EP 18 DI 10.1007/978-3-642-18384-3_1 D2 10.1007/978-3-642-18384-3 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BVE66 UT WOS:000291322800001 ER PT S AU Brack, W Burgess, RM AF Brack, Werner Burgess, Robert M. BE Brack, W TI Considerations for Incorporating Bioavailability in Effect-Directed Analysis and Toxicity Identification Evaluation SO EFFECT-DIRECTED ANALYSIS OF COMPLEX ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION SE Handbook of Environmental Chemistry Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Bioaccessibility; Biota tissue; Cyclodextrin; Desorption kinetics; Partition-based dosing; Supercritical fluid extraction; TENAX (R) ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; HYDROXYPROPYL-BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN; SUPERCRITICAL-FLUID EXTRACTION; HYDROPHOBIC ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; SEMIPERMEABLE-MEMBRANE DEVICES; CARBON-DIOXIDE EXTRACTION; SEDIMENT-ASSOCIATED CONTAMINANTS; PARTITION-CONTROLLED DELIVERY; SORPTION-DESORPTION BEHAVIOR AB In order to avoid a bias toward highly toxic but poorly bioavailable compounds in the effect-directed analysis (EDA) of soils and sediments, approaches are discussed to consider bioavailability in EDA procedures. In parallel, complimentary approaches for making toxicity identification evaluations (TIEs) more capable of performing high resolution fractionation, toxicant isolation and identification are described. These approaches focus on three processes including bioaccessiblity based on desorption kinetics from the abiotic matrix, activity driven partitioning into pore water and biota tissue or a biomimetic tool, and EDA and TIE in tissues and body fluids representing toxicological bioavailability including the toxicokinetics of the selected organism. Bioaccessibility may be addressed by extraction procedures that are designed to yield rapidly desorbing fractions including mild solvent extraction, desorption into water with subsequent adsorption to a competitive adsorbent such as TENAX (R) or cyclodextrin, supercritical fluid extraction, or biomimetic extraction with gut fluids of potentially affected organisms. While equilibrium partitioning-based extraction procedures may simulate partitioning into biota quite well they often fail to provide sufficient amounts of toxicants for subsequent EDA and TIE. Partition-based dosing, which may be combined with bioaccessibility-directed extraction methods, provides an excellent tool to simulate partitioning in sediments and to provide constant and well-defined concentrations in bioassays. EDA studies in fish and mussel tissues as well as in fish bile demonstrate the potency of the identification of bioavailable toxicants in biota. Continued research on the described approaches promises to improve the usefulness of both EDA and TIE in future applications. C1 [Brack, Werner] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Effect Directed Anal, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany. [Burgess, Robert M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Brack, W (reprint author), UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Effect Directed Anal, Permoserstr 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany. EM werner.brack@ufz.de NR 123 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1433-6863 BN 978-3-642-18383-6 J9 HANDB ENVIRON CHEM JI Handb. Environ. Chem. PY 2011 VL 15 BP 41 EP 68 DI 10.1007/978-3-642-18384-3_3 D2 10.1007/978-3-642-18384-3 PG 28 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BVE66 UT WOS:000291322800003 ER PT J AU Pratt, MM King, LC Adams, LD John, K Sirajuddin, P Olivero, OA Manchester, DK Sram, RJ DeMarini, DM Poirieri, MC AF Pratt, M. Margaret King, Leon C. Adams, Linda D. John, Kaarthik Sirajuddin, Paul Olivero, Ofelia A. Manchester, David K. Sram, Radim J. DeMarini, David M. Poirieri, Miriam C. TI Assessment of Multiple Types of DNA Damage in Human Placentas From Smoking and Nonsmoking Women in the Czech Republic SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE automated cellular imaging system; immunohistochemistry; BPDE-DNA antiserum; abasic sites; (32)P-Postlabeling; Teplice Program ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; WHITE BLOOD-CELLS; ADDUCT FORMATION; RISK-ASSESSMENT; AIR-POLLUTION; AMBIENT AIR; EXPOSURE; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; PREGNANCY; CANCER AB Three classes of DNA damage were assessed in human placentas collected (2000-2004) from 51 women living in the Teplice region of the Czech Republic, a mining area considered to have some of the worst environmental pollution in Europe in the 1980s. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-DNA adducts were localized and semiquantified using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and the Automated Cellular Imaging System (ACIS). More generalized DNA damage was measured both by (32)P-postlabeling and by abasic (AB) site analysis. Placenta stained with antiserum elicited against DNA modified with 7 beta,8 alpha-dihydroxy-9 alpha,10 alpha-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-benzo[a]pyrene (BPDE) revealed PAH-DNA adduct localization in nuclei of the cytotrophoblast (CT) cells and syncytiotrophoblast (ST) knots lining the chorionic villi. The highest levels of DNA damage, 49-312 PAH-DNA adducts/10(8) nucleotides, were found by IHC/ACIS in 14 immediately fixed placenta samples. An additional 37 placenta samples were stored frozen before fixation and embedding, and because PAH-DNA adducts were largely undetectable in these samples, freezing was implicated in the loss of IHC signal. The same placentas (n = 37) contained 1.7-8.6 stable/bulky DNA adducts/10(8) nucleotides and 0.6-47.2 AB sites/10(5) nucleotides. For all methods, there was no correlation among types of DNA damage and no difference in extent of DNA damage between smokers and nonsmokers. Therefore, the data show that DNA from placentas obtained in Teplice contained multiple types of DNA damage, which likely arose from various environmental exposures. In addition, PAH-DNA adducts were present at high concentrations in the CT cells and ST knots of the chorionic villi. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 52:58-68, 2011. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Pratt, M. Margaret; John, Kaarthik; Sirajuddin, Paul; Olivero, Ofelia A.; Poirieri, Miriam C.] NCI, Carcinogen DNA Interact Sect, LCBG, Ctr Canc Res,NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [King, Leon C.; Adams, Linda D.; DeMarini, David M.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Manchester, David K.] Univ Colorado Denver, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp, Aurora, CO USA. [Sram, Radim J.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Expt Med, Prague, Czech Republic. RP Pratt, MM (reprint author), NCI, Carcinogen DNA Interact Sect, LCBG, Ctr Canc Res,NIH, 37 Convent Dr,Bldg 37,Room 4032, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM m2pratt@yahoo.com RI Sram, Radim/H-2455-2014 OI Sram, Radim/0000-0003-4256-3816 FU National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Czech Ministry of Environment [SP/1b3/8/8/08] FX Grant sponsor: Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research; Grant sponsor: The United States Environmental Protection Agency; Grant sponsor: The Czech Ministry of Environment; Grant number: SP/1b3/8/8/08. Margaret Pratt and Leon C. King contributed equally to this study. NR 38 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 52 IS 1 BP 58 EP 68 DI 10.1002/em.20581 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 714CG UT WOS:000286784500008 PM 20839217 ER PT J AU Singhvi, R Taneja, A Patel, JR Kansal, V Gasser, CJ Kalnicky, DJ AF Singhvi, Raj Taneja, Ajay Patel, Jay R. Kansal, Vinod Gasser, Charles J. Kalnicky, Dennis J. TI Determination of Total Metallic Mercury in Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs) SO ENVIRONMENTAL FORENSICS LA English DT Article DE metallic mercury; mercury analysis; mercury vapor; compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) ID ATOMIC-ABSORPTION-SPECTROMETRY; CULLET AB The United States Environmental Protection Agency/Environmental Response Team (US EPA/ERT), in conjunction with St. John's College, Dr B R Ambedkar University, Agra, India, is conducting a study to determine mercury vapor emission rates resulting from broken compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) in a residential setting. The overall objectives of the study are to obtain a mercury emission model and provide a homeowner with cleanup procedures and disposal options for broken CFLs. An important component in achieving these objectives is the determination of the total mercury content in CFLs for the selection of bulbs to be used in the emission study. Most of the currently available CFLs in the United States (U.S.) market are manufactured in China for U.S. companies. Several different types of CFLs were purchased from local stores and the cap and electronic parts were removed without breaking the bulb. The bulb was then placed into a 2-L polypropylene bottle containing glass stoppers or glass marbles in a mixture of nitric acid and bromine monochloride solution (BrCl). The mixture was shaken to break the lamp and allow the mercury to be completely absorbed by the BrCl. The digested samples were analyzed for mercury using standard cold vapor atomic absorption (CVAA) methods. This CFL preparation method provides excellent results for laboratory control samples (typically, 90%-110% recovery) and good repeatability for CFL bulb analyses. The sampling and analysis phases of this study are discussed in this paper. C1 [Singhvi, Raj] US EPA, ERT, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. [Taneja, Ajay] Dr BR Ambedkar Univ, St Johns Coll, Dept Chem, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Patel, Jay R.; Kansal, Vinod; Gasser, Charles J.; Kalnicky, Dennis J.] SERAS, Edison, NJ USA. RP Singhvi, R (reprint author), US EPA, ERT, 2890 Woodbridge Ave,MS101, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. EM singhvi.raj@epa.gov NR 16 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1527-5922 J9 ENVIRON FORENSICS JI Environ. Forensics PY 2011 VL 12 IS 2 BP 143 EP 148 AR PII 938620038 DI 10.1080/15275922.2011.572953 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 779VS UT WOS:000291810900004 ER PT J AU Ela, WP Sedlak, DL Barlaz, MA Henry, HF Muir, DCG Swackhamer, DL Weber, EJ Arnold, RG Ferguson, PL Field, JA Furlong, ET Giesy, JP Halden, RU Henry, T Hites, RA Hornbuckle, KC Howard, PH Luthy, RG Meyer, AK Saez, AE vom Saal, FS Vulpe, CD Wiesner, MR AF Ela, Wendell P. Sedlak, David L. Barlaz, Morton A. Henry, Heather F. Muir, Derek C. G. Swackhamer, Deborah L. Weber, Eric J. Arnold, Robert G. Ferguson, P. Lee Field, Jennifer A. Furlong, Edward T. Giesy, John P. Halden, Rolf U. Henry, Tala Hites, Ronald A. Hornbuckle, Keri C. Howard, Philip H. Luthy, Richard G. Meyer, Anita K. Saez, A. Eduardo vom Saal, Frederick S. Vulpe, Chris D. Wiesner, Mark R. TI Toward Identifying the Next Generation of Superfund and Hazardous Waste Site Contaminants SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE contaminants of emerging concern; emerging contaminant; hazardous waste site; Superfund ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; WATER TREATMENT; DRINKING-WATER; QUANTITATIVE-DETERMINATION; EMERGING CONTAMINANTS; ESTROGENIC ACTIVITY; GREAT-LAKES; HOUSE-DUST AB BACKGROUND: This commentary evolved from a workshop sponsored by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences titled "Superfund Contaminants: The Next Generation" held in Tucson, Arizona, in August 2009. All the authors were workshop participants. OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to initiate a dynamic, adaptable process for identifying contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) that are likely to be found in future hazardous waste sites, and to identify the gaps in primary research that cause uncertainty in determining future hazardous waste site contaminants. DISCUSSION: Superfund-relevant CECs can be characterized by specific attributes: They are persistent, bioaccumulative, toxic, occur in large quantities, and have localized accumulation with a likelihood of exposure. Although still under development and incompletely applied, methods to quantify these attributes can assist in winnowing down the list of candidates from the universe of potential CECs. Unfortunately, significant research gaps exist in detection and quantification, environmental fate and transport, health and risk assessment, and site exploration and remediation for CECs. Addressing these gaps is prerequisite to a preventive approach to generating and managing hazardous waste sites. CONCLUSIONS: A need exists for a carefully considered and orchestrated expansion of programmatic and research efforts to identify, evaluate, and manage CECs of hazardous waste site relevance, including developing an evolving list of priority CECs, intensifying the identification and monitoring of likely sites of present or future accumulation of CECs, and implementing efforts that focus on a holistic approach to prevention. C1 [Ela, Wendell P.; Arnold, Robert G.; Saez, A. Eduardo] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Sedlak, David L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Barlaz, Morton A.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Henry, Heather F.] NIEHS, Superfund Res Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Muir, Derek C. G.] Environm Canada, Aquat Ecosyst Protect Res Div, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada. [Swackhamer, Deborah L.] Univ Minnesota, Environm Hlth Sci Water Res Ctr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Weber, Eric J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. [Ferguson, P. Lee; Wiesner, Mark R.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. [Field, Jennifer A.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Furlong, Edward T.] US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Lab, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Giesy, John P.] Univ Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Halden, Rolf U.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainable Engn & Built Environm, Tempe, AZ USA. [Halden, Rolf U.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Henry, Tala] US EPA, Natl Program Chem Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Hites, Ronald A.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN USA. [Hornbuckle, Keri C.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Howard, Philip H.] Syracuse Res Corp, Syracuse, NY USA. [Luthy, Richard G.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Meyer, Anita K.] USA, Environm & Munit Ctr Expertise, Corps Engineers, Omaha, NE USA. [vom Saal, Frederick S.] Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Vulpe, Chris D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ela, WP (reprint author), Univ Arizona, 1133 E James E Rogers Way,POB 210011, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM wela@engr.arizona.edu RI Furlong, Edward/C-3999-2011; Hornbuckle, Keri/A-8155-2008; Ferguson, Lee/A-5501-2013; Halden, Rolf/F-9562-2010; Saez, Avelino/K-1136-2016; OI Furlong, Edward/0000-0002-7305-4603; Hornbuckle, Keri/0000-0002-3478-3221; Halden, Rolf/0000-0001-5232-7361; Saez, Avelino/0000-0002-3548-6325; Muir, Derek/0000-0001-6631-9776 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P42-ES04940] FX Support for the workshop, from which this article evolved, was provided by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Superfund Research Program (P42-ES04940). NR 55 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 66 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 119 IS 1 BP 6 EP 10 DI 10.1289/ehp.1002497 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 701BI UT WOS:000285788900017 PM 21205582 ER PT J AU Gwinn, MR Craig, J Axelrad, DA Cook, R Dockins, C Fann, N Fegley, R Guinnup, DE Helfand, G Hubbell, B Mazur, SL Palma, T Smith, RL Vandenberg, J Sonawane, B AF Gwinn, Maureen R. Craig, Jeneva Axelrad, Daniel A. Cook, Rich Dockins, Chris Fann, Neal Fegley, Robert Guinnup, David E. Helfand, Gloria Hubbell, Bryan Mazur, Sarah L. Palma, Ted Smith, Roy L. Vandenberg, John Sonawane, Babasaheb TI Meeting Report: Estimating the Benefits of Reducing Hazardous Air Pollutants-Summary of 2009 Workshop and Future Considerations SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE air toxics; benefit analysis; economic valuation; exposure modeling; hazardous air pollutants ID ACROLEIN; EXPOSURE AB Background: Quantifying the benefits of reducing hazardous air pollutants (HAPs, or air toxics) has been limited by gaps in toxicological data, uncertainties in extrapolating results from high-dose animal experiments to estimate human effects at lower doses, limited ambient and personal exposure monitoring data, and insufficient economic research to support valuation of the health impacts often associated with exposure to individual air toxics. Objectives: To address some of these issues, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency held the Workshop on Estimating the Benefits of Reducing Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) in Washington, DC, from 30 April to 1 May 2009. Discussion: Experts from multiple disciplines discussed how best to move forward on air toxics benefits assessment, with a focus on developing near-term capability to conduct quantitative benefits assessment. Proposed methodologies involved analysis of data-rich pollutants and application of this analysis to other pollutants, using dose-response modeling of animal data for estimating benefits to humans, determining dose-equivalence relationships for different chemicals with similar health effects, and analysis similar to that used for criteria pollutants. Limitations and uncertainties in economic valuation of benefits assessment for HAPS were discussed as well. Conclusions: These discussions highlighted the complexities in estimating the benefits of reducing air toxics, and participants agreed that alternative methods for benefits assessment of HAPs are needed. Recommendations included clearly defining the key priorities of the Clean Air Act air toxics program to identify the most effective approaches for HAPs benefits analysis, focusing on susceptible and vulnerable populations, and improving dose-response estimation for quantification of benefits. C1 [Gwinn, Maureen R.] US EPA, EICG, NCEA, ORD, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Craig, Jeneva] US EPA, Off Policy Anal & Review, Off Air & Radiat, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Axelrad, Daniel A.; Dockins, Chris] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Off Policy Econ & Innovat, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Cook, Rich; Helfand, Gloria] US EPA, Off Transportat & Air Qual, Off Air & Radiat, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Fann, Neal; Guinnup, David E.; Hubbell, Bryan; Palma, Ted; Smith, Roy L.] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Off Air & Radiat, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Fegley, Robert; Mazur, Sarah L.] US EPA, Off Sci Policy, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Vandenberg, John] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Gwinn, MR (reprint author), US EPA, EICG, NCEA, ORD, 1200 Penn Ave,NW,Mail Code 8623-P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM gwinn.maureen@epa.gov OI Fann, Neal/0000-0002-6724-8575; Hubbell, Bryan/0000-0002-7963-3438; Vandenberg, John/0000-0003-2619-9460 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [EPA; Office of Air and Radiation (OAR), Office of Policy, Economics and Innovation (OPEI), and the Office of Research and Development (ORD)]; ICF International FX This document summarizes the conclusions from the workshop-Estimating the Benefits of Reducing Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs), which was sponsored by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [EPA; Office of Air and Radiation (OAR), Office of Policy, Economics and Innovation (OPEI), and the Office of Research and Development (ORD)] with contract support from ICF International. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 119 IS 1 BP 125 EP 130 DI 10.1289/ehp.1002468 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 701BI UT WOS:000285788900034 PM 20920952 ER PT J AU Axelrad, DA Cohen, J AF Axelrad, Daniel A. Cohen, Jonathan TI Calculating summary statistics for population chemical biomonitoring in women of childbearing age with adjustment for age-specific natality SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Biomonitoring; NHANES; In utero exposure; Mercury; PCBs; Cotinine; Natality ID US POPULATION; EXPOSURE; CHILDREN AB The effects of chemical exposures during pregnancy on children's health have been an increasing focus of environmental health research in recent years, leading to greater interest in biomonitoring of chemicals in women of childbearing age in the general population. Measurements of mercury in blood from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey are frequently reported for "women of childbearing age," defined to be of ages 16-49 years. The intent is to represent prenatal chemical exposure, but blood mercury levels increase with age. Furthermore, women of different ages have different probabilities of giving birth. We evaluated options to address potential bias in biomonitoring summary statistics for women of childbearing age by accounting for age-specific probabilities of giving birth. We calculated median and 95th percentile levels of mercury, PCBs, and cotinine using these approaches: option 1: women aged 16-49 years without natality adjustment; option 2: women aged 16-39 years without natality adjustment; option 3: women aged 16-49 years, adjusted for natality by age; option 4: women aged 16-49 years, adjusted for natality by age and race/ethnicity. Among the three chemicals examined, the choice of option has the greatest impact on estimated levels of serum PCBs, which are strongly associated with age. Serum cotinine levels among Black non-Hispanic women of childbearing age are understated when age-specific natality is not considered. For characterizing in utero exposures, adjustment using age-specific natality provides a substantial improvement in estimation of biomonitoring summary statistics. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Axelrad, Daniel A.] US EPA, Off Policy 1809T, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Cohen, Jonathan] ICF Int, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Axelrad, DA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Policy 1809T, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM axelrad.daniel@epa.gov FU EPA [EP-W-09-030] FX Jonathan Cohen's work was performed under EPA contract EP-W-09-030. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 111 IS 1 BP 149 EP 155 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2010.10.002 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 713DN UT WOS:000286715300021 PM 21035114 ER PT J AU Gewurtz, SB Backus, SM Bhavsar, SP McGoldrick, DJ de Solla, SR Murphy, EW AF Gewurtz, Sarah B. Backus, Sean M. Bhavsar, Satyendra P. McGoldrick, Daryl J. de Solla, Shane R. Murphy, Elizabeth W. TI Contaminant biomonitoring programs in the Great Lakes region: Review of approaches and critical factors SO ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE environmental contaminants; biomonitoring programs; Great Lakes; data analysis; study design; temporal and spatial trend analysis ID TROUT SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH; POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; HERRING GULL EGGS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS; CHLORINATED-HYDROCARBON CONTAMINATION; BULLHEADS AMEIURUS-NEBULOSUS; WALLEYE STIZOSTEDION-VITREUM; TURTLES CHELYDRA-SERPENTINA; BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS AB Since the 1970s, several formal biomonitoring programs have been initiated to monitor temporal and spatial trends of persistent, bioaccumulative, and (or) toxic chemicals (PBTs) in the Great Lakes. Researchers have used a variety of approaches to deal with common issues that arise in these programs and there is considerable debate in the literature as to the most appropriate methods to use. Here, we critically review factors of importance in biomonitoring programs and common methods used for dealing with them under three main categories: organism-specific factors (lipid, age, size, sex, growth and bioenergetics, diet, and chemical biotransformation), study design (choice of tissue type, compositing, replication and length of monitoring program, sampling frequency, selection of contaminants to include in monitoring programs, and use of specimen banks for retrospective studies), and data analysis (accounting for changes in analytical methodology, treatment of censored data, assessment of compound classes, comparison of empirical models, mechanistic models, and spatial assessments). We use data from the literature as well as longterm measurements of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) collected in Lake Ontario as part of monitoring programs run by Environment Canada, the Ontario Ministry of the Environment, and the United States Environmental Protection Agency to illustrate these factors. We find that, in general, there are several defensible methods, ranging from simple to complex, to deal with the issues considered here, with each having specific advantages and disadvantages. The optimal approach depends largely on the program objectives, particularly if the results are meant for the public (understandable without a scientific background) or for research purposes (balance between complexity versus simplicity). Given that data analysis typically requires fewer resources compared to other aspects of monitoring programs, it may be feasible to use more than one data analysis approach to increase credibility of the results and to improve comparability of data among studies. The importance of conducting preliminary surveys and (or) pilot studies and regular review of ongoing programs (e.g., through a power analysis) is emphasized. C1 [Gewurtz, Sarah B.; Backus, Sean M.; McGoldrick, Daryl J.] Environm Canada, Water Qual Monitoring & Surveillance Div, Water Sci & Technol Directorate, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada. [Bhavsar, Satyendra P.] Ontario Minist Environm, Environm Monitoring & Reporting Branch, Toronto, ON M9P 3V6, Canada. [de Solla, Shane R.] Environm Canada, Ecotoxicol & Wildlife Hlth Div, Wildlife & Landscape Sci Directorate, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada. [Murphy, Elizabeth W.] US EPA, Great Lakes Natl Program Off, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. RP Gewurtz, SB (reprint author), Environm Canada, Water Qual Monitoring & Surveillance Div, Water Sci & Technol Directorate, 867 Lakeshore Rd,POB 5050, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada. EM Sarah.Gewurtz@ec.gc.ca NR 237 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 48 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 1208-6053 J9 ENVIRON REV JI Environ. Rev. PY 2011 VL 19 BP 162 EP 184 DI 10.1139/A11-005 PG 23 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 848DB UT WOS:000297028000009 ER PT J AU El Badawy, AM Silva, RG Morris, B Scheckel, KG Suidan, MT Tolaymat, TM AF El Badawy, Amro M. Silva, Rendahandi G. Morris, Brian Scheckel, Kirk G. Suidan, Makram T. Tolaymat, Thabet M. TI Surface Charge-Dependent Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GOLD; GENERATION; STRENGTH; CELLS AB As a result of the extensive number of applications of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), their potential impacts, once released into the environment, are of concern. The toxicity of AgNPs was reported to be dependent on various factors such as particle size, shape and capping agent Although these factors may play a role in AgNPs toxicity, the results presented herein suggest that surface charge is one of the most important factors that govern the toxicity of AgNPs. In the current study, the toxicity of four AgNPs representing various surface charging scenarios ranging from highly negative to highly positive was investigated. These AgNPs were (1) uncoated H(2)-AgNPs, (2) citrate coated AgNPs (Citrate-AgNPs), (3) polyvinylpyrrolidone coated AgNPs (PVP-AgNPs), and (4) branched polyethyleneimine coated AgNPs (BPEI-AgNPs). Our results clearly demonstrate that the AgNPs exhibited surface charge-dependent toxicity on the bacillus species investigated. Furthermore, ultrafiltration membranes were utilized to purify the AgNPs suspensions from residual impurities prior to the introduction to the microbes. This step was crucial in determining the true AgNPs toxicity and is either missing or not explicitly mentioned in most of the reported toxicity studies. C1 [Scheckel, Kirk G.; Tolaymat, Thabet M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [El Badawy, Amro M.; Suidan, Makram T.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Silva, Rendahandi G.] Shaw Environm Inc, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Morris, Brian] Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Tolaymat, TM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM tolaymat.thabet@epa.gov RI Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009 OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU NRMRL of the USEPA, Office of Research and Development FX This research was funded by the NRMRL of the USEPA, Office of Research and Development. The paper has not been subjected to the Agency's internal review, therefore, the opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not, necessarily, reflect the official positions and policies of the USEPA. Any mention of products or trade names does not constitute recommendation for use by the USEPA. We also thank Renata Marti for her help with the lab work. NR 28 TC 202 Z9 203 U1 15 U2 159 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 1 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 1 BP 283 EP 287 DI 10.1021/es1034188 PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 699RA UT WOS:000285679300043 PM 21133412 ER PT J AU Shane, WT Szabo, JG Bishop, PL AF Shane, William T. Szabo, Jeffrey G. Bishop, Paul L. TI Persistence of non-native spore forming bacteria in drinking water biofilm and evaluation of decontamination methods SO ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE spores; biofilm; concrete; chlorine; decontamination ID BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; DISINFECTION EFFICACY; DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEMS; CHLORINE DIOXIDE; INACTIVATION; GLOBIGII; PENETRATION; AGENTS; IRON AB Persistence of Bacillus globigii spores, a surrogate for Bacillus anthracis, was studied on biofouled concrete-lined slides in drinking water using biofilm annular reactors. Reactors were inoculated with B. globigii spores and persistence was monitored in the bulk and biofilm phases, first in dechlorinated water and later with free chlorine concentrations of 1 and 5 mg/L. In the dechlorinated study, a steady state population of spores developed on the slides. The addition of free chlorine at 5 mg/L decreased the adhered spore density by 2-logs within 4 hours and spores were not detected after 67 and 49 hours in the presence of 1 and 5 mg/L free chlorine, respectively. This suggests that adhered spores can persist in non-chlorinated conditions, but detach and/or are inactivated upon addition of free chlorine. When injected into a chlorinated reactor, adhered spore density continually decreased and spores were either undetectable or unquantifiable by 48 hours for both 1 and 5 mg/L chlorine concentrations. Results from these experiments suggest that the presence of a free chlorine residual limits adherence of viable spores to biofouled concrete-lined pipe walls by inactivating spores before they have attached. Both free chlorine concentrations (1 and 5 mg/L) were equally effective at inactivating spores in terms of log reduction, but the higher concentrations yielded faster rates of log reduction. C1 [Shane, William T.; Bishop, Paul L.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Szabo, Jeffrey G.] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Water Infrastructure Protect Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Shane, WT (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM william.shane@ky.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development [EP-C-05-056] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development funded the research described herein under contract EP-C-05-056 to Pegasus Technical Services. It has been reviewed by the Agency but does not necessarily reflect the Agency's views. No official endorsement should be inferred. EPA does not endorse the purchase or sale of any commercial products or services. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-3330 J9 ENVIRON TECHNOL JI Environ. Technol. PY 2011 VL 32 IS 8 BP 847 EP 855 AR PII 938745666 DI 10.1080/09593330.2010.515038 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 779WK UT WOS:000291812700005 PM 21879559 ER PT J AU Watanabe, KH Andersen, ME Basu, N Carvan, MJ Crofton, KM King, KA Sunol, C Tiffany-Castiglioni, E Schultz, IR AF Watanabe, Karen H. Andersen, Melvin E. Basu, Niladri Carvan, Michael J., III Crofton, Kevin M. King, Kerensa A. Sunol, Cristina Tiffany-Castiglioni, Evelyn Schultz, Irvin R. TI DEFINING AND MODELING KNOWN ADVERSE OUTCOME PATHWAYS DOMOIC ACID AND NEURONAL SIGNALING AS A CASE STUDY SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SLTAC Pellston Workshop CY APR 18-23, 2009 CL Forest Grove, OR DE Hippocampus; Neurobehavioral; Algal; Toxin; Calcium ID LIONS ZALOPHUS-CALIFORNIANUS; CEREBELLAR GRANULE CELLS; MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; HIPPOCAMPAL SLICE CULTURES; AMNESIC SHELLFISH POISON; PRINCE-EDWARD-ISLAND; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; ADULT-RATS; SEA LIONS; RECEPTOR-BINDING AB An adverse outcome pathway (AOP) is a sequence of key events from a molecular-level initiating event and an ensuing cascade of steps to an adverse outcome with population level significance To implement a predictive strategy for ecotoxicology the multiscale nature of an AOP requires computational models to link salient processes (e g in chemical uptake toxicokinetics to toxicodynamic and population dynamics) A case study with domoic acid was used to demonstrate strategies and enable generic recommendations for developing computational models in an effort to move toward a toxicity testing paradigm focused on toxicity pathway perturbations applicable to ecological risk assessment Domoic acid an algal toxin with adverse effects on both wildlife and humans is a potent agonise for kainate receptors (ionotropic glutamate receptors whose activation leads to the influx of Na(+) and Ca(2+)) Increased Ca(2+) concentrations result in neuronal excitotoxicity and cell death primarily in the hippocampus which produces seizures impairs learning and memory and alters behavior in some species Altered neuronal Ca(2+) is a key process in domoic acid toxicity which can be evaluated in vitro Furthermore results of these assays would be amenable to mechanistic modeling for identifying domoic acid concentrations and Ca(2+) perturbations that are normal adaptive or clearly toxic In vitro assays with outputs amenable to measurement in exposed populations can link in vitro to in vivo conditions and toxicokinetic information will aid in linking in vitro results to the individual organism Development of an AOP required an iterative process with three important outcomes a critically reviewed stressor specific AOP identification of key processes suitable for evaluation with in vitro assays and strategies for model development Environ Toxicol Chem 2011 30 9-21 (C) 2010 SETAC C1 [Schultz, Irvin R.] Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, Sequim, WA USA. [Watanabe, Karen H.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Beaverton, OR USA. [Andersen, Melvin E.] Hamner Inst Hlth Res, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Basu, Niladri] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Carvan, Michael J., III] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Crofton, Kevin M.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [King, Kerensa A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Sunol, Cristina] Inst Invest Biomed, Barcelona, Spain. [Tiffany-Castiglioni, Evelyn] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. RP Schultz, IR (reprint author), Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, Sequim, WA USA. RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015; OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971; Andersen, Melvin/0000-0002-3894-4811; Basu, Niladri/0000-0002-2695-1037 NR 125 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 3 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 30 IS 1 BP 9 EP 21 DI 10.1002/etc.373 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 701JM UT WOS:000285814200002 PM 20963854 ER PT J AU Perkins, EJ Chipman, JK Edwards, S Habib, T Falciani, F Taylor, R Van Aggelen, G Vulpe, C Antczak, P Loguinov, A AF Perkins, Edward J. Chipman, J. Kevin Edwards, Stephen Habib, Tanwir Falciani, Francesco Taylor, Ronald Van Aggelen, Graham Vulpe, Chris Antczak, Philipp Loguinov, Alexandre TI REVERSE ENGINEERING ADVERSE OUTCOME PATHWAYS SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SETAC Pellston Workshop CY APR 18-23, 2009 CL Forest Grove, OR SP SETAC DE Mechanism of action; Toxicology; Microarray; Network inference; Adverse outcome pathway ID BIOLOGICAL NETWORK INFERENCE; MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; GENE-EXPRESSION PROFILES; MOLECULAR NETWORKS; IN-VIVO; UNDERSTAND MECHANISMS; SIGNALING PATHWAY; SYSTEMS BIOLOGY; RISK-ASSESSMENT; TOXICITY AB The toxicological effects of many stressors are mediated through unknown or incompletely characterized mechanisms of action The application of reverse engineering complex interaction networks from high dimensional miles data (gene protein metabolic signaling) can be used to overcome these limitations This approach was used to characterize adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) for chemicals that disrupt the hypothalamus-pituitary gonadal endocrine axis in fathead minnows (FHM Pimephales promelas) Gene expression changes in FHM ovaries in response to seven different chemicals over different times doses and in vivo versus in vitro conditions were captured in a large data set of 868 arrays Potential AOPs of the antiandrogen flutamide were examined using two mutual information based methods to infer gene regulatory networks and potential AOPs Representative networks from these studies were used to predict network paths from stressor to adverse outcome as candidate AOPs The relationship of individual chemicals to an adverse outcome can be determined by following perturbations through the network in response to chemical treatment thus leading to the nodes associated with the adverse outcome Identification of candidate pathways allows for formation of testable hypotheses about key biological processes biomarkers or alternative endpoints that can be used to monitor an AOP Finally the unique challenges facing the application of this approach in ecotoxicology were identified and a road map for the utilization of these tools presented Environ Toxicol Chem 2011,30 22-38 (C) 2010 SETAC C1 [Perkins, Edward J.] USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Chipman, J. Kevin; Falciani, Francesco; Antczak, Philipp] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Edwards, Stephen] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Habib, Tanwir] Univ So Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Taylor, Ronald] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Van Aggelen, Graham] Environm Canada, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Vulpe, Chris; Loguinov, Alexandre] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Perkins, EJ (reprint author), USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. RI Antczak, Philipp/F-4517-2011 NR 97 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 6 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 30 IS 1 BP 22 EP 38 DI 10.1002/etc.374 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 701JM UT WOS:000285814200003 PM 20963852 ER PT J AU Nichols, JW Breen, M Denver, RJ Distefano, JJ Edwards, JS Hoke, RA Volz, DC Zhang, XW AF Nichols, John W. Breen, Miyuki Denver, Robert J. Distefano, Joseph J., III Edwards, Jeremy S. Hoke, Robert A. Volz, David C. Zhang, Xiaowei TI PREDICTING CHEMICAL IMPACTS ON VERTEBRATE ENDOCRINE SYSTEMS SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SLTAC Pellston Workshop CY APR 18-23, 2009 CL Forest Grove, OR DE Accommodation; Recovery; Developmental programming; Endocrine disruption; Endocrine axis ID ZEBRAFISH DANIO-RERIO; KILLIFISH FUNDULUS-HETEROCLITUS; MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; RECEPTOR BINDING-AFFINITY; PITUITARY-THYROID AXIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; XENOPUS-LAEVIS; FATHEAD MINNOW; COMPUTATIONAL MODEL; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS AB Animals have evolved diverse protective mechanisms for responding to toxic chemicals of both natural and anthropogenic origin From a governmental regulatory perspective these protective responses complicate efforts to establish acceptable levels of chemical exposure To explore this issue we considered vertebrate endocrine systems as potential targets for environmental contaminants Using the hypothalamic pituitary thyroid (HPT) hypothalamic pituitary gonad (HPG) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axes as case examples we identified features of these systems that allow them to accommodate and recover from chemical insults In doing so a distinction was made between effects on adults and those on developing organisms This distinction was required because endocrine system disruption in early life stages may alter development of organs and organ systems resulting in permanent changes in phenotypic expression later in life Risk assessments of chemicals that impact highly regulated systems must consider the dynamics of these systems in relation to complex environmental exposures A largely unanswered question is whether successful accommodation to a toxic insult exerts a fitness cost on individual animals resulting in adverse consequences for populations Mechanistically based mathematical models of endocrine systems provide a means for better understanding accommodation and recovery In the short term these models can be used to design experiments and interpret study findings Over the long term a set of validated models could be used to extrapolate limited in vitro and in vivo testing data to a broader range of untested chemicals, species and exposure scenarios With appropriate modification Tier 2 assays developed in support of the U S Environmental Protection Agency s Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program could be used to assess the potential for accommodation and recovery and inform the development of mechanistically based models Environ Toxicol Chem 2011,30 39-51 (C) 2010 SETAC C1 [Nichols, John W.] US EPA, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Breen, Miyuki] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Breen, Miyuki] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Denver, Robert J.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Distefano, Joseph J., III] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Edwards, Jeremy S.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Hoke, Robert A.] Dupont Haskell Lab, Newark, DE USA. [Volz, David C.] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Zhang, Xiaowei] Univ Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. RP Nichols, JW (reprint author), US EPA, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. OI Zhang, Xiaowei/0000-0001-8974-9963 NR 89 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 30 IS 1 BP 39 EP 51 DI 10.1002/etc.376 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 701JM UT WOS:000285814200004 PM 20963851 ER PT J AU Kramer, VJ Etterson, MA Hecker, M Murphy, CA Roesijadi, G Spade, DJ Spromberg, JA Wang, M Ankley, GT AF Kramer, Vincent J. Etterson, Matthew A. Hecker, Markus Murphy, Cheryl A. Roesijadi, Guritno Spade, Daniel J. Spromberg, Julann A. Wang, Magnus Ankley, Gerald T. TI ADVERSE OUTCOME PATHWAYS AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT BRIDGING TO POPULATION-LEVEL EFFECTS SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SETAC Pellston Workshop CY APR 18-23, 2009 CL Forest Grove, OR SP SETAC DE Risk assessment; Chemical toxicity; Adverse outcome pathway; Population model; Pellston workshop ID CYCLODIENE INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; CROAKER MICROPOGONIAS-UNDULATUS; ARYL-HYDROCARBON RECEPTOR; LIFE-HISTORY STRATEGIES; INDIVIDUAL-BASED MODEL; FRESH-WATER GASTROPOD; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION; FISH POPULATIONS; 2 STRAINS; ECOSYSTEMS AB Maintaining the viability of populations of plants and animals is a key focus for environmental regulation Population level responses integrate the cumulative effects of chemical stressors on individuals as those individuals interact with and are affected by their conspecifics, competitors predators, prey habitat and other biotic and abiotic factors Models of population level effects of contaminants can integrate information from lower levels of biological organization and feed that information into higher level community and ecosystem models As individual level endpoints are used to predict population responses this requires that biological responses at lower levels of organization be translated Into a form that is usable by the population modeler In the current study we describe how mechanistic data as captured in adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) can be translated Into modeling focused on population level risk assessments First we describe the regulatory context surrounding population modeling, risk assessment and the emerging role of AOPs Then we present a succinct overview of different approaches to population modeling and discuss the types of data needed for these models We describe how different key biological processes measured at the level of the individual serve as the linkage or bridge between AOPs and predictions of population status including consideration of community level interactions and genetic adaptation Several case examples illustrate the potential for use of AOPs in population modeling and predictive ecotoxicology Finally we make recommendations for focusing toxicity studies to produce the quantitative data needed to define AOPs and to facilitate their incorporation into population modeling Environ Toxicol Chem 2011 30 64-76 (C) 2010 SETAC C1 [Kramer, Vincent J.] Dow AgroSci, Indianapolis, IN 46268 USA. [Etterson, Matthew A.; Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Duluth, MN USA. [Hecker, Markus] ENTRIX, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Murphy, Cheryl A.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Roesijadi, Guritno] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Sequim, WA USA. [Spade, Daniel J.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Spromberg, Julann A.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm Fisheries, Seattle, WA USA. [Wang, Magnus] RIFCON, Heidelberg, Germany. RP Kramer, VJ (reprint author), Dow AgroSci, Indianapolis, IN 46268 USA. NR 96 TC 70 Z9 75 U1 12 U2 91 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 30 IS 1 BP 64 EP 76 DI 10.1002/etc.375 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 701JM UT WOS:000285814200006 PM 20963853 ER PT J AU Fout, S AF Fout, Shay TI Enteric Virus and Indicator Occurrence in Groundwater Sources of Public Drinking Water SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of International-Society-of-Exposure-Science/International-Society-for-Envi ronmental-Epidemiology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Soc Exposure Sci, Int Soc Environm Epidemiol C1 [Fout, Shay] US Environm Protect Agcy, Cincinnati, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 SU S BP S156 EP S156 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695VN UT WOS:000285400800460 ER PT J AU Fout, S Griffin, S AF Fout, Shay Griffin, Shannon TI Microbial Exposure Science SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint Conference of International-Society-of-Exposure-Science/International-Society-for-Envi ronmental-Epidemiology CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2010 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Soc Exposure Sci, Int Soc Environm Epidemiol C1 [Fout, Shay; Griffin, Shannon] US Environm Protect Agcy, Cincinnati, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 1 SU S BP S156 EP S156 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 695VN UT WOS:000285400800459 ER PT B AU Harwood, VJ Ryu, H Domingo, JS AF Harwood, Valerie J. Ryu, Hodon Domingo, Jorge Santo BE Sadowsky, MJ Whitman, RL TI MICROBIAL SOURCE TRACKING SO FECAL BACTERIA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HUMAN FECAL POLLUTION; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE ANALYSIS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; REAL-TIME PCR; ESCHERICHIA-COLI POPULATIONS; GEESE BRANTA-CANADENSIS; DNA-MICROARRAYS; GENETIC-MARKERS; FRESH-WATER C1 [Harwood, Valerie J.] Univ S Florida, Dept Integrat Biol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Ryu, Hodon; Domingo, Jorge Santo] US EPA, ORD NRMRL WSWRD MCCB, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Harwood, VJ (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Integrat Biol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. RI Sadowsky, Michael/J-2507-2016 OI Sadowsky, Michael/0000-0001-8779-2781 NR 174 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA BN 978-1-55581-608-7 PY 2011 BP 189 EP 216 PG 28 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA BSR24 UT WOS:000285533600009 ER PT J AU Baird, DD Garrett, TA Laughlin, SK Davis, B Semelka, RC Peddada, SD AF Baird, Donna Day Garrett, Tiana A. Laughlin, Shannon K. Davis, Barbara Semelka, Richard C. Peddada, Shyamal D. TI Short-term change in growth of uterine leiomyoma: tumor growth spurts SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Article DE Uterine leiomyoma; tumor growth; fibroid size; ethnic disparity; magnetic resonance imaging; longitudinal study; short-term variability ID NATURAL-HISTORY; UNITED-STATES; RENAL MASSES; HYSTERECTOMY AB Objective: To describe the short-term changes in growth of uterine leiomyomas (fibroids). Design: Prospective observational study. Setting: University research center. Patient(s): Premenopausal women with fibroids (18 blacks and 18 whites) recruited through a physician network and community outreach. Intervention(s): Not applicable. Main Outcome Measure(s): The volumes of 101 fibroids were measured at enrollment, 3, 6, and 12 months with magnetic resonance imaging, resulting in three interval-specific growth rates. Growth spurts were defined by interval growth rates >= 30% per 3 months and substantially greater than during other intervals of observation. An overall measure of short-term change in fibroid growth was calculated as the variance of the three interval-specific growth rates. Result(s): Growth spurts were observed in 37 of the 101 fibroids, a prevalence nearly tenfold higher than that attributable to potential measurement error. Fibroids from the same woman did not have similar short-term growth, nor were woman-specific factors (age, race/ethnicity, parity, body mass) or the fibroid position in the uterus important. However, large fibroids (>5 cm diameter) had less short-term change than smaller fibroids. Conclusion(s): Short spurts of growth are common for fibroids, suggesting that tumor biology may change rapidly. (Fertil Steril(R) 2011;95:242-6. (C) 2011 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.) C1 [Baird, Donna Day; Laughlin, Shannon K.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Davis, Barbara] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Womens Hlth, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Peddada, Shyamal D.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Garrett, Tiana A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Semelka, Richard C.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Radiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Baird, DD (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, MD A3-05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM baird@niehs.nih.gov RI Peddada, Shyamal/D-1278-2012; Baird, Donna/D-5214-2017 OI Baird, Donna/0000-0002-5544-2653 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health [Z01ES 101663-05]; National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities [MO1RR00046]; NIEHS [N01-ES-95446, 273-01-C-0157] FX Supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (Z01ES 101663-05), with partial funding from the National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities grant no. MO1RR00046 and NIEHS contract nos. N01-ES-95446 and 273-01-C-0157. NR 17 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 95 IS 1 BP 242 EP 246 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.05.011 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 695ZL UT WOS:000285411600049 PM 21168581 ER PT B AU Moser, VC AF Moser, Virginia C. BE Bolon, B Butt, MT TI BEHAVIORAL MODEL SYSTEMS FOR EVALUATING NEUROPATHOLOGY SO FUNDAMENTAL NEUROPATHOLOGY FOR PATHOLOGISTS AND TOXICOLOGISTS: PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CARBON-DISULFIDE NEUROTOXICITY; FUNCTIONAL OBSERVATIONAL BATTERY; NEUROBEHAVIORAL SCREENING METHODS; INDUCED DELAYED NEUROPATHY; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; TRIMETHYLTIN COMPOUNDS; ACRYLAMIDE NEUROPATHY; TESTING PROCEDURES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; DOSE-RESPONSE C1 US EPA, Toxic Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Moser, VC (reprint author), US EPA, Toxic Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 94 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-0-470-93994-9; 978-0-470-22733-6 PY 2011 BP 105 EP 113 D2 10.1002/9780470939956 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA BA6JJ UT WOS:000337159300009 ER PT B AU Jensen, KF Raffaele, KC AF Jensen, Karl F. Raffaele, Kathleen C. BE Bolon, B Butt, MT TI REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS IN TOXICOLOGICAL NEUROPATHOLOGY SO FUNDAMENTAL NEUROPATHOLOGY FOR PATHOLOGISTS AND TOXICOLOGISTS: PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY; POSITIVE CONTROL; WORKING C1 [Jensen, Karl F.] US EPA, Div Neurotoxicol, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Raffaele, Kathleen C.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Jensen, KF (reprint author), US EPA, Div Neurotoxicol, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-0-470-93994-9; 978-0-470-22733-6 PY 2011 BP 501 EP 504 D2 10.1002/9780470939956 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA BA6JJ UT WOS:000337159300034 ER PT J AU Sarwar, G Appel, KW Carlton, AG Mathur, R Schere, K Zhang, R Majeed, MA AF Sarwar, G. Appel, K. W. Carlton, A. G. Mathur, R. Schere, K. Zhang, R. Majeed, M. A. TI Impact of a new condensed toluene mechanism on air quality model predictions in the US SO GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; CARBON BOND; PART I; CMAQ; SYSTEM; EMISSIONS; OZONE AB A new condensed toluene mechanism is incorporated into the Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling system. Model simulations are performed using the CB05 chemical mechanism containing the existing (base) and the new toluene mechanism for the western and eastern US for a summer month. With current estimates of tropospheric emission burden, the new toluene mechanism increases monthly mean daily maximum 8-h ozone by 1.0-3.0 ppbv in Los Angeles, Portland, Seattle, Chicago, Cleveland, northeastern US, and Detroit compared to that with the base toluene chemistry. It reduces model mean bias for ozone at elevated observed ozone concentrations. While the new mechanism increases predicted ozone, it does not enhance ozone production efficiency. A sensitivity study suggests that it can further enhance ozone if elevated toluene emissions are present. While it increases in-cloud secondary organic aerosol substantially, its impact on total fine particle mass concentration is small. C1 [Sarwar, G.; Appel, K. W.; Carlton, A. G.; Mathur, R.; Schere, K.] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Zhang, R.] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Math, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Majeed, M. A.] Delaware Dept Nat Resources Environm Control, New Castle, DE USA. RP Sarwar, G (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM sarwar.golam@epa.gov RI Carlton, Annmarie/A-7867-2011 OI Carlton, Annmarie/0000-0002-8574-1507 NR 25 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 9 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1991-959X J9 GEOSCI MODEL DEV JI Geosci. Model Dev. PY 2011 VL 4 IS 1 BP 183 EP 193 DI 10.5194/gmd-4-183-2011 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 742AO UT WOS:000288910700011 ER PT J AU Loughlin, DH Benjey, WG Nolte, CG AF Loughlin, D. H. Benjey, W. G. Nolte, C. G. TI ESP v1.0: methodology for exploring emission impacts of future scenarios in the United States SO GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article AB This article presents a methodology for creating anthropogenic emission inventories that can be used to simulate future regional air quality. The Emission Scenario Projection (ESP) methodology focuses on energy production and use, the principal sources of many air pollutants. Emission growth factors for energy system categories are calculated using the MARKAL energy system model. Growth factors for non-energy sectors are based on economic and population projections. These factors are used to grow a 2005 emissions inventory through 2050. The approach is demonstrated for two emission scenarios for the United States. Scenario 1 extends current air regulations through 2050, while Scenario 2 adds a hypothetical CO2 mitigation policy. Although both scenarios show significant reductions in air pollutant emissions through time, these reductions are more pronounced in Scenario 2, where the CO2 policy results in the adoption of technologies with lower emissions of both CO2 and traditional air pollutants. The methodology is expected to play an important role within an integrated modeling framework that supports the US EPA's investigations of linkages among emission drivers, climate and air quality. C1 [Loughlin, D. H.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Benjey, W. G.; Nolte, C. G.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Loughlin, DH (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM loughlin.dan@epa.gov RI Nolte, Christopher/H-4345-2012 OI Nolte, Christopher/0000-0001-5224-9965 NR 27 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 12 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1991-959X J9 GEOSCI MODEL DEV JI Geosci. Model Dev. PY 2011 VL 4 IS 2 BP 287 EP 297 DI 10.5194/gmd-4-287-2011 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 781NF UT WOS:000291939100004 ER PT J AU Appel, KW Foley, KM Bash, JO Pinder, RW Dennis, RL Allen, DJ Pickering, K AF Appel, K. W. Foley, K. M. Bash, J. O. Pinder, R. W. Dennis, R. L. Allen, D. J. Pickering, K. TI A multi-resolution assessment of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model v4.7 wet deposition estimates for 2002-2006 SO GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID CONTINENTAL UNITED-STATES; MESOSCALE METEOROLOGICAL MODEL; ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; NONLOCAL CLOSURE-MODEL; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; EMISSION INVENTORY; PART II; SYSTEM; OZONE; FLUX AB This paper examines the operational performance of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model simulations for 2002-2006 using both 36-km and 12-km horizontal grid spacing, with a primary focus on the performance of the CMAQ model in predicting wet deposition of sulfate (SO(4)(=)), ammonium (NH(4)(+)) and nitrate (NO(3)(-)). Performance of the wet deposition estimates from the model is determined by comparing CMAQ predicted concentrations to concentrations measured by the National Acid Deposition Program (NADP), specifically the National Trends Network (NTN). For SO(4)(=) wet deposition, the CMAQ model estimates were generally comparable between the 36-km and 12-km simulations for the eastern US, with the 12-km simulation giving slightly higher estimates of SO(4)(=) wet deposition than the 36-km simulation on average. The result is a slightly larger normalized mean bias (NMB) for the 12-km simulation; however both simulations had annual biases that were less than +/- 15% for each of the five years. The model estimated SO(4)(=) wet deposition values improved when they were adjusted to account for biases in the model estimated precipitation. The CMAQ model underestimates NH(4)(+) wet deposition over the eastern US, with a slightly larger underestimation in the 36-km simulation. The largest underestimations occur in the winter and spring periods, while the summer and fall have slightly smaller underestimations of NH(4)(+) wet deposition. The underestimation in NH(4)(+) wet deposition is likely due in part to the poor temporal and spatial representation of ammonia (NH(3)) emissions, particularly those emissions associated with fertilizer applications and NH(3) bidirectional exchange. The model performance for estimates of NO(3)(-) wet deposition are mixed throughout the year, with the model largely underestimating NO(3)(-) wet deposition in the spring and summer in the eastern US, while the model has a relatively small bias in the fall and winter. Model estimates of NO(3)(-) wet deposition tend to be slightly lower for the 36-km simulation as compared to the 12-km simulation, particularly in the spring. The underestimation of NO(3)(-) wet deposition in the spring and summer is due in part to a lack of lightning generated NO emissions in the upper troposphere, which can be a large source of NO in the spring and summer when lightning activity is the high. CMAQ model simulations that include production of NO from lightning show a significant improvement in the NO(3)(-) wet deposition estimates in the eastern US in the summer. Overall, performance for the 36-km and 12-km CMAQ model simulations is similar for the eastern US, while for the western US the performance of the 36-km simulation is generally not as good as either eastern US simulation, which is not entire unexpected given the complex topography in the western US. C1 [Appel, K. W.; Foley, K. M.; Bash, J. O.; Pinder, R. W.; Dennis, R. L.] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Allen, D. J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Pickering, K.] NASA Goddard, Atmospher Chem & Dynam Branch, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Appel, KW (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM appel.wyat@epa.gov RI Pinder, Robert/F-8252-2011; Pickering, Kenneth/E-6274-2012; Bash, Jesse/E-9688-2013; Allen, Dale/F-7168-2010; OI Pinder, Robert/0000-0001-6390-7126; Allen, Dale/0000-0003-3305-9669; Bash, Jesse/0000-0001-8736-0102 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 35 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 26 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1991-959X J9 GEOSCI MODEL DEV JI Geosci. Model Dev. PY 2011 VL 4 IS 2 BP 357 EP 371 DI 10.5194/gmd-4-357-2011 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 781NF UT WOS:000291939100008 ER PT S AU Princiotta, FT AF Princiotta, Frank T. BE Princiotta, FT TI Global Climate Change and the Mitigation Challenge SO GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE - THE TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGE SE Advances in Global Change Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID STABILIZATION AB This chapter aims to provide a succinct integration of the projected warming the earth is likely to experience in the decades ahead, the emission reductions that may be needed to constrain this warming, and the technologies needed to help achieve these emission reductions. Transparent modeling tools and the most recent literature are used, to quantify the challenge posed by climate change and potential technological remedies. The chapter examines forces driving CO2 emissions, how different emission trajectories could affect warming this century, a sector-by-sector summary of mitigation options, and R&D priorities. It is concluded that it is too late too avoid substantial warming; the best result that appears achievable, would be to constrain warming to about 2 degrees C (range of 1.3-2.7 degrees C) above pre-industrial levels by 2100. In order to constrain warming to such a level, the current annual 3% CO2 emission growth rate needs to transform rapidly to an annual decrease rate of from 2% to 3% for decades. Further, the current generation of energy generation and end use technologies are capable of achieving less than half of the emission reduction needed for such a major mitigation program. New technologies will have to be developed and deployed at a rapid rate, especially for the key power generation and transportation sectors. Current energy technology research, development, demonstration and deployment programs fall far short of what is required. C1 US EPA, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Princiotta, FT (reprint author), US EPA, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, TW Alexander Dr 109, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM princiotta.frank@epa.gov; princiotta.frank@epa.gov NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-0919 BN 978-90-481-3152-5 J9 ADV GLOB CHANGE RES JI Adv. Glob. Change Res. PY 2011 VL 38 BP 1 EP 50 DI 10.1007/978-90-481-3153-2_1 D2 10.1007/978-90-481-3153-2 PG 50 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BVY51 UT WOS:000293147500001 ER PT S AU Thompson, R Jetter, J Marr, D Owens, C AF Thompson, Robert Jetter, James Marr, David Owens, Clyde BE Princiotta, FT TI Buildings: Mitigation Opportunities with a Focus on Health Implications SO GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE - THE TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGE SE Advances in Global Change Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LIFE-CYCLE; ENERGY USE; INDOOR; CANADA AB Addressing building energy use is the critical first step in any strategic plan for mitigating climate change. Buildings have a direct impact on estimated global climate change due to their large carbon footprint. Energy use in the building sector is the largest man-made contributor to climate change, and coincidentally a key sector to start mitigating climate change. To avoid revisiting problems such as sick building syndrome arising from aggressive building weatherization programs in the 1970s, it is critical that policy makers, regulators, and strategic planners remember that the primary function of buildings is not saving energy. The bottom line of why we build buildings is for safety and comfort in our homes, to enhance productivity in the work-place, and to ensure an optimal learning environment in our schools. The fundamental services of improving human health, comfort, productivity, and performance should not be compromised as we strive to minimize energy use in buildings. A one-dimensional focus on energy could result in unsustainable policies and practices. Much is understood about technologies, materials, and design techniques that can reduce energy use in buildings. However, much attention must be paid to recognizing how these approaches can enhance or damage human health and productivity as well as the environment. The focus of this chapter is not existing energy sectors and conservation technologies that have been extensively understood and considered in the literature, but on underutilized mitigation techniques that both increase the sustainability of our buildings while maintaining a focus on human health and the environment. A key intersection between climate change, buildings, and human health is building materials and products, and an effective testing and information transfer program is urgently needed so that building stakeholders have the information and tools they need to make good decisions during the design, construction, operation, and renovation phases of buildings. C1 [Thompson, Robert; Jetter, James; Marr, David; Owens, Clyde] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Thompson, R (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM bob.thompson@epa.gov NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-0919 BN 978-90-481-3152-5 J9 ADV GLOB CHANGE RES JI Adv. Glob. Change Res. PY 2011 VL 38 BP 225 EP 240 DI 10.1007/978-90-481-3153-2_7 D2 10.1007/978-90-481-3153-2 PG 16 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BVY51 UT WOS:000293147500007 ER PT S AU Srivastava, RK Vijay, S Torres, E AF Srivastava, Ravi K. Vijay, Samudra Torres, Elineth BE Princiotta, FT TI Reduction of Multi-pollutant Emissions from Industrial Sectors: The US Cement Industry - A Case Study SO GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE - THE TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGE SE Advances in Global Change Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB Carbon dioxide (CO2) accounts for more than 90% of worldwide CO2-eq greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from industrial sectors other than power generation. Amongst these sectors, the cement industry is one of the larger industrial sources of CO2 emissions. In 2005, this industry accounted for about 6% of the global anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Further, global production of cement has been growing steadily, with the main growth being in Asia. Considering these trends, the worldwide cement industry is a key industrial sector relative to CO2 emissions. The development of policy options for managing emissions and air quality can be made more effective and efficient through sophisticated analyses of relevant technical and economic factors. Such analyses are greatly enhanced by the use of an appropriate modeling framework. Accordingly, the Industrial Sectors Integrated Solutions (ISIS) model for industrial sectors is under development at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA). Currently, this model is populated with data on the U.S. cement-manufacturing sector and efforts are underway to build representations of the U.S. pulp and paper and iron and steel sectors. In this chapter, ISIS was used to conduct an example analysis of the U.S. cement sector to gain some insights relative to two broad questions: (1) what range of CO2 reductions may be practicable in the near-term, and (2) for that range, what may be the market characteristics for the U.S. cement industry. These questions are relevant because in the absence of carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) technology, the path forward for reducing CO2 emissions in the near-term (e.g., decade ending 2020) will need to depend on the currently available energy efficiency measures and raw material and product substitution approaches. C1 [Srivastava, Ravi K.; Vijay, Samudra] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Torres, Elineth] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Sect Policy & Programs Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Vijay, Samudra] Sam Analyt Solut LLC, Morrisville, NC 27560 USA. [Vijay, Samudra] US EPA, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Srivastava, RK (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM sam@samanalyticsolutions.com NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-0919 BN 978-90-481-3152-5 J9 ADV GLOB CHANGE RES JI Adv. Glob. Change Res. PY 2011 VL 38 BP 241 EP 272 DI 10.1007/978-90-481-3153-2_8 D2 10.1007/978-90-481-3153-2 PG 32 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BVY51 UT WOS:000293147500008 ER PT S AU Brooks, MC Wood, AL Jawitz, JW AF Brooks, Michael C. Wood, A. Lynn Jawitz, James W. BE Schirmer, M Hoehn, E Vogt, T TI Source functions for multi-component DNAPLs based on streamtube analysis SO GQ10: GROUNDWATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN A RAPIDLY CHANGING WORLD SE IAHS Publication LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Groundwater Quality Conference CY JUN 13-18, 2010 CL Eawag, Zurich, SWITZERLAND SP Int Assoc Hydrol Sci, Swiss Natl Sci Fdn, Swiss Fed Off Env, STS Sensors Ltd, AF Colenco Ltd, NAGRA, Swiss Cooperative Disposal Radioactive Waste, Intera Inc, CHGeol, Swiss Assoc Geol, Simultec AG, Roche, Innovat Messtechnik Weiss, Bachema AG, SVGW, Swiss Assoc Gas & Water, Solexperts Ltd, Stump Foratec Ltd, Malcolm Pirnie HO Eawag DE DNAPL; contaminant flux; remediation; modelling ID AQUIFER REMEDIATION SYSTEMS; DESIGN AB The purpose of this work is to investigate source functions for multicomponent DNAPLs under heterogeneous conditions using a streamtube approach. Heterogeneity in the hydraulic conductivity field is represented by a collection of streamtubes with a distribution of travel times, and the DNAPL is assumed to be distributed uniformly across all streamtubes. Dissolution from each streamtube is assumed to follow Raoult's law. Results are used to assess how multi-component dissolution alters the source function relative to single component dissolution, as well as assess the relative importance of hydraulic conductivity heterogeneity and multi-component dissolution on the source function. Source functions for both single and multi-component DNAPLs indicate that flushing efficiency decreases as solubility decreases. However, this effect is more pronounced for the less soluble compounds in the multi-component case due to the preferential elution of the more soluble compounds. Source functions for both single and multi-component DNAPLs also indicate that greater flux reduction is achieved through less mass removal as heterogeneity increases, however the effect is less pronounced in the multi-component case. C1 [Brooks, Michael C.; Wood, A. Lynn] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, GWERD, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP Brooks, MC (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, GWERD, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM brooks.michael@epa.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT ASSOC HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES PI WALLINGFORD PA INST OF HYDROLOGY, WALLINGFORD OX10 8BB, ENGLAND SN 0144-7815 BN 978-1-907161-16-2 J9 IAHS-AISH P PY 2011 VL 342 BP 132 EP 135 PG 4 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA BYC83 UT WOS:000298021100029 ER PT J AU Patete, JM Peng, XH Koenigsmann, C Xu, Y Karn, B Wong, SS AF Patete, Jonathan M. Peng, Xiaohui Koenigsmann, Christopher Xu, Yan Karn, Barbara Wong, Stanislaus S. TI Viable methodologies for the synthesis of high-quality nanostructures SO GREEN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review ID MICROWAVE-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS; SUPERCRITICAL-CARBON-DIOXIDE; IRON-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; ONE-DIMENSIONAL NANOSTRUCTURES; BARIUM FLUORIDE NANOPARTICLES; FACILE SONOCHEMICAL ROUTE; FUNGUS FUSARIUM-OXYSPORUM; CITRATE COMPLEX PRECURSOR; IMIDAZOLIUM IONIC LIQUIDS; CHEMICAL FLUID DEPOSITION AB The development of environmentally benign methods for the synthesis of nanomaterials has become increasingly relevant as chemists look to shape a more sustainable future. In this critical review, we present current work towards developing alternative methods for synthesizing a wide range of high-quality nanomaterials with predictable and controllable size, shape, composition, morphology and crystallinity. In particular, we focus on the inherent advantages of utilizing porous membrane templates, ultrasonic and microwave irradiation, alternative solvent systems, as well as biologically-inspired reagents as reasonably cost-effective, environmentally responsible methods to generate metal, metal oxide, fluoride, sulfide, selenide and phosphate nanomaterials. C1 [Patete, Jonathan M.; Peng, Xiaohui; Koenigsmann, Christopher; Xu, Yan; Wong, Stanislaus S.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Karn, Barbara] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NCER, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Wong, Stanislaus S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Patete, JM (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM sswong@notes.cc.sunysb.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation FX We acknowledge the U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC02-98CH10886) and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation for PI and student support. NR 436 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 6 U2 138 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9262 J9 GREEN CHEM JI Green Chem. PY 2011 VL 13 IS 3 BP 482 EP 519 DI 10.1039/c0gc00516a PG 38 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 731RF UT WOS:000288126300002 ER PT J AU Balu, AM Baruwati, B Serrano, E Cot, J Garcia-Martinez, J Varma, RS Luque, R AF Balu, Alina M. Baruwati, Babita Serrano, Elena Cot, Jaume Garcia-Martinez, Javier Varma, Rajender S. Luque, Rafael TI Magnetically separable nanocomposites with photocatalytic activity under visible light for the selective transformation of biomass-derived platform molecules SO GREEN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; DOPED TIO2; TITANIUM-OXIDE; HETEROGENEOUS PHOTOCATALYSIS; HYDROGEN GENERATION; ANATASE TIO2; DEGRADATION; IRRADIATION; CARBON; NANOPARTICLES AB Novel magnetically separable TiO(2)-guanidine-(Ni,Co)Fe(2)O(4) nanomaterials were prepared and characterised by a series of techniques including XRD, SEM, TEM, N(2) physisorption as well as XPS and subsequently tested for their photocatalytic activities in the selective transformation of malic acid in aqueous solution. The modification with guanidine, which remarkably decreases the band gap of the metal oxide, was found to have a significant effect in the photocatalytic activity of the materials under visible light, showing a remarkably superior activity to that of the commercial Degussa P25. These materials are also envisaged to have interesting photocatalytic activities under sunlight. C1 [Balu, Alina M.; Luque, Rafael] Univ Cordoba, Dpto Quim Organ, E-14014 Cordoba, Spain. [Baruwati, Babita; Varma, Rajender S.; Luque, Rafael] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Serrano, Elena; Garcia-Martinez, Javier] Univ Alicante, Dept Inorgan Chem, Mol Nanotechnol Lab, E-03690 Alicante, Spain. [Cot, Jaume] Inst Quim Avancada Catalunya CID CSIC, Barcelona 08034, Spain. RP Balu, AM (reprint author), Univ Cordoba, Dpto Quim Organ, Campus Rabanales,Edif Marie Curie,Ctra Nnal 4,Km, E-14014 Cordoba, Spain. EM q62alsor@uco.es; Varma.Rajender@epamail.epa.gov RI Balu, Alina /G-4425-2010; Luque, Rafael/F-9853-2010; Balu, Alina /H-7935-2015; OI Balu, Alina /0000-0002-8872-3400; Luque, Rafael/0000-0003-4190-1916; Balu, Alina /0000-0002-8872-3400; garcia-martinez, javier/0000-0002-7089-4973; Serrano, Elena/0000-0003-3340-6675 FU Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion for the concession of a Ramon y Cajal [RYC-2009-04199]; Consejeria de Ciencia e Innovacion; Junta de Andalucia [P10-FQM-6711]; Incentivos para Actividades de caracter cientifico y tecnico for RL at the EPA in Cincinnati [IAC-2010-2]; Spanish MICINN through the JdC [JCI-2008-2165]; Departamento de Quimica Organica, Universidad de Cordoba [FQM-162]; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [CTQ 2008-01330/BQU]; Consejeria de Educacion y Ciencia, Junta de Andalucia [P07-FQM-02965, P09-FQM-4781]; FEDER; ORISE FX Rafael Luque gratefully acknowledges Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion for the concession of a Ramon y Cajal contract (RYC-2009-04199) and Consejeria de Ciencia e Innovacion, Junta de Andalucia for funding under project P10-FQM-6711 as well as for funding a short stay fellowship Incentivos para Actividades de caracter cientifico y tecnico for RL (convocatoria IAC-2010-2) at the EPA in Cincinnati. Elena Serrano acknowledges financial support from Spanish MICINN through the JdC Program (ref. JCI-2008-2165). Alina Balu gratefully acknowledges funds from the research group FQM-162, Departamento de Quimica Organica, Universidad de Cordoba and from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (Project CTQ 2008-01330/BQU) and Consejeria de Educacion y Ciencia, Junta de Andalucia (Projects P07-FQM-02965 and P09-FQM-4781), co-financed with FEDER funds. BB thanks ORISE for a research fellowship. NR 60 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 4 U2 43 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9262 J9 GREEN CHEM JI Green Chem. PY 2011 VL 13 IS 10 BP 2750 EP 2758 DI 10.1039/c1gc15692f PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 829KR UT WOS:000295579700022 ER PT J AU Boethling, RS AF Boethling, Robert S. TI Incorporating environmental attributes into musk design SO GREEN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID METABOLIC BIOTRANSFORMATION RATES; PREDICTING READY BIODEGRADABILITY; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; FRESH-WATER FISH; SYNTHETIC MUSKS; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; FRAGRANCE CHEMISTRY; UNITED-STATES; WASTE-WATER; HUMAN-MILK AB The design of the molecule itself is the earliest phase in the process of developing useful products. Two of the 12 green chemistry principles, which state that chemicals should be designed to have minimal toxicity and degrade environmentally to innocuous products, are central to chemical design. Previously we used a series of case studies to show that generalizations about the effects of molecular structure can be used to design small molecules for biodegradability. Here, we extend one of the case studies (synthetic musk fragrances) to a wider range of structures, and address all three PBT properties (persistence, bioaccumulation, toxicity). To this end, we first summarize ready biodegradation and aquatic toxicity data for musks including unpublished data from US Premanufacture Notice (PMN) chemicals. Bioaccumulation potential is then estimated for this set of musks using EPA's BCFBAFC (c) (a component of EPI Suite (c)), KOAWIN (c) and ECOSAR (c) programs, and the results are used to compare musks across the various structural classes and make inferences about their environmental attributes. Last, the analysis is extended to target molecules. In this way we show how predictive methods and knowledge can be included as additional facets in rational design of small molecules. C1 US EPA, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Boethling, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Boethling.bob@epa.gov NR 73 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 12 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9262 J9 GREEN CHEM JI Green Chem. PY 2011 VL 13 IS 12 BP 3386 EP 3396 DI 10.1039/c1gc15782e PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 853KL UT WOS:000297424900010 ER PT J AU Johnson, TB Mckay, LD Layton, AC Jones, SW Johnson, GC Cashdollar, JL Dahling, DR Villegas, LF Fout, GS Williams, DE Sayler, G AF Johnson, Trisha B. McKay, Larry D. Layton, Alice C. Jones, Sidney W. Johnson, Greg C. Cashdollar, Jennifer L. Dahling, Daniel R. Villegas, Leah F. Fout, G. Shay Williams, Daniel E. Sayler, Gary TI Viruses and Bacteria in Karst and Fractured Rock Aquifers in East Tennessee, USA SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Article ID REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; HUMAN ENTERIC VIRUSES; CELL-CULTURE; GROUNDWATER; WATER; POLLUTION AB A survey of enteric viruses and indicator bacteria was carried out in eight community water supply sources (four wells and four springs) in East Tennessee. Seven sites derived their water from carbonate aquifers and one from fractured sandstone. Four of the sites were deemed "low-risk" based on prior monitoring of fecal indicators and factors such as presence of thick layers of overlying sediments. The remaining sites were deemed "high-risk." Enteric viruses (enterovirus and reovirus) were detected by cell culture at least once in seven of the eight wells or springs including all but one of the four low-risk sites. Viral RNA, however, was not detected in any of the samples by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Conventional indicators of microbial contamination (Escherichia coli and total coliform bacteria) were detected together with culturable viruses in seven of nine virus positive samples. Bacteroides, an alternative fecal indicator which has not previously been used in groundwater investigations, was also detected in all but one of the samples containing E. coli or total coliform bacteria, as well as in one sample where viruses were present in the absence of other bacterial indicators. The study highlights some of the challenges involved in surveys of virus occurrence and indicates that culturable enteric viruses in East Tennessee karst aquifers may be more widespread than previously observed in studies of karst aquifers in Pennsylvania (8%), the Ozark region of Missouri (< 1%), or several other states covered in a national microbial water quality survey conducted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (43%). C1 [McKay, Larry D.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Johnson, Trisha B.] Clancy Environm Consultants Inc, St Albans, VT 05478 USA. [McKay, Larry D.; Layton, Alice C.; Williams, Daniel E.; Sayler, Gary] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Jones, Sidney W.] Tennessee Dept Environm & Conservat, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Cashdollar, Jennifer L.; Dahling, Daniel R.; Villegas, Leah F.; Fout, G. Shay] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Knoxville, TN 37921 USA. [Johnson, Greg C.] US Geol Survey, Tennessee Water Sci Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37921 USA. RP Johnson, TB (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM lmckay@utk.edu FU Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation (TDEC); University of Tennessee Institute for a Secure and Sustainable Environment FX The authors would like to thank: Gretchen Sullivan at EPA-NERL in Cincinnati, Ohio, for her invaluable help in the laboratory; the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation (TDEC) for project funding and data; and the participating water utilities for providing data and access to sites. Additional funding for T. Johnson at the end of the project was provided by the University of Tennessee Institute for a Secure and Sustainable Environment. NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 49 IS 1 BP 98 EP 110 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00698.x PG 13 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 700NW UT WOS:000285751700011 PM 20331750 ER PT J AU Hazari, MS Lamb, C Carll, AP Krantz, Q Haykal-Coates, N Winsett, DW Costa, DL Farraj, AK AF Hazari, M. S. Lamb, C. Carll, A. P. Krantz, Q. Haykal-Coates, N. Winsett, D. W. Costa, D. L. Farraj, A. K. TI INCREASED RISK OF CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA IN RATS EXPOSED TO DIESEL EXHAUST AIR POLLUTION IS MEDIATED BY THE NOCICEPTIVE TRANSIENT RECEPTOR POTENTIAL A1 (TRPA1) SO HEART LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 2010 Autumn Meeting on British-Society-for-Cardiovascular-Research CY SEP 06-07, 2010 CL London, ENGLAND SP British Soc Cardiovasc Res C1 [Hazari, M. S.; Krantz, Q.; Haykal-Coates, N.; Winsett, D. W.; Costa, D. L.; Farraj, A. K.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Lamb, C.; Carll, A. P.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1355-6037 J9 HEART JI Heart PD JAN PY 2011 VL 97 IS 1 MA 08 DI 10.1136/hrt.2010.213496.8 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 692WL UT WOS:000285186500009 ER PT J AU Gavrelis, N Sertkaya, A Bertelsen, L Cuthbertson, B Phillips, L Moya, J AF Gavrelis, Naida Sertkaya, Aylin Bertelsen, Liz Cuthbertson, Becky Phillips, Linda Moya, Jacqueline TI An Analysis of the Proportion of the US Population that Ingests Soil or Other Non-Food Substances SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE ingestion; pica; prevalence; soil; non-food substance; children ID PREGNANT-WOMEN; PICA PRACTICES; EXPOSURE; CHILDREN; MISSISSIPPI; PREVALENCE AB Reliable quantitative data are lacking that document the prevalence of ingestion of soil and other "non-food" substances among U.S. children and adults. This article explores the proportion of the U.S. population that ingests substances such as soil, clay, starch, paint, or plaster. We compiled data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) collected from years 1971-1975 (NHANES I) and 1976-1980 (NHANES II) because these particular surveys asked participants specific questions about non-food ingestion practices. We examined the prevalence of the behavior across multiple demographic variables, such as age, gender, education, and income level. Approximately 1% (NHANES II) to 2.5% (NHANES I) of the U.S. population ingests some type of non-food substance. The most notable variation across the demographic subgroups studied was the difference in estimated prevalence among young children (1 to <3 years) compared to older children and adults. Estimated prevalence was also higher among blacks compared to whites and within lower compared to higher socioeconomic groups. This analysis helps fill data gaps on the relative pattern of non-food ingestion practices on a national scale. This information provides perspective for risk assessors when evaluating exposure variables and for risk managers when weighing risk management alternatives. C1 [Gavrelis, Naida; Sertkaya, Aylin] Eastern Res Grp Inc, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. [Bertelsen, Liz] Eastern Res Grp Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cuthbertson, Becky] US EPA, Off Solid Waste & Emergency Response, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Phillips, Linda; Moya, Jacqueline] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Gavrelis, N (reprint author), Eastern Res Grp Inc, 110 Hartwell Ave, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. EM naida.gavrelis@erg.com NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PY 2011 VL 17 IS 4 BP 996 EP 1012 DI 10.1080/10807039.2011.588162 PG 17 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 874LQ UT WOS:000298959400018 ER PT S AU Kodavanti, PRS AF Kodavanti, Prasada Rao S. BE Costa, LG Giordano, G Guizzetti, M TI Cell Signaling and Neurotoxicity: Protein Kinase C In Vitro and In Vivo SO IN VITRO NEUROTOXICOLOGY: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Protein kinase C; Calcium signaling; Learning and memory; Neurotoxicity; Nervous system development ID ACTIVATION; GROWTH; EXPRESSION; EXPOSURE; ISOFORMS; CULTURES; BINDING; MEMORY; PKC AB There is a growing concern about the effects of chemicals on the developing nervous system. Chemical exposure at critical periods of development can be associated with effects ranging from subtle to pro-found on the structure and/or function of the nervous system. Understanding critical biological molecular targets, which underlie chemical-induced neurotoxicity, will provide a scientific basis for risk assessment. Cell signaling molecules such as protein kinase C (PKC) have been shown to play critical roles in motor activity, development of the nervous system, and in learning and memory. PKC also has been shown to be associated with several neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease, status epilepticus, and cerebellar ataxia. In the literature, there is abundant information linking PKC to cognitive function, long-term potentiation, or brain structural changes. Here, we show the relationship between changes in PKC (as assayed using radioactive material or by western blots) and the neurotoxic effects caused by environmental chemicals in vitro and in vivo. C1 US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Labs, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kodavanti, PRS (reprint author), US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Labs, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-61779-169-7 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2011 VL 758 BP 307 EP 319 DI 10.1007/978-1-61779-170-3_21 D2 10.1007/978-1-61779-170-3 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BWF36 UT WOS:000293799700021 PM 21815075 ER PT S AU Kodavanti, PRS AF Kodavanti, Prasada Rao S. BE Costa, LG Giordano, G Guizzetti, M TI Cell Signaling and Neurotoxicity: H-3-Arachidonic Acid Release (Phospholipase A(2)) in Cerebellar Granule Neurons SO IN VITRO NEUROTOXICOLOGY: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Phospholipase A(2); Arachidonic acid release; Neurotoxicity; Cell signaling; Persistent chemicals; Cytotoxicity ID ARACHIDONIC-ACID; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; RAT CEREBELLUM; GLUTAMATE; INDUCTION; SURVIVAL; DISEASE; CULTURE; TERM AB Cell signaling is a complex process which controls basic cellular activities and coordinates actions to maintain normal cellular homeostasis. Alterations in signaling processes have been associated with neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's and cerebellar ataxia, as well as cancer, autoimmunitiy, and diabetes. Recent evidence also indicates a role for signaling molecules in the adverse effects associated with the exposure to environmental chemicals. One of these signaling molecules is arachidonic acid (AA). AA is abundant in the membrane phospholipids of the brain, where its release has been shown to be involved in synaptic plasticity processes, such as long-term potentiation. AA release is primarily produced by the activation of phospholipases, most commonly by phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)). The release of H-3-AA is often used as a measure of PLA(2) activity in cell culture studies. In our laboratory, we have demonstrated the relationship between the stimulation of H-3-AA release by persistent chemicals, such as polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and the associated cytotoxicity following in vitro exposure. Understanding the role of the AA signaling pathway in chemically-induced effects on the nervous system will provide specific mode of action information that can be used in assessing the compound risk. C1 US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Labs, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kodavanti, PRS (reprint author), US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Labs, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-61779-169-7 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2011 VL 758 BP 321 EP 328 DI 10.1007/978-1-61779-170-3_22 D2 10.1007/978-1-61779-170-3 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BWF36 UT WOS:000293799700022 PM 21815076 ER PT S AU Harrill, JA Mundy, WR AF Harrill, Joshua A. Mundy, William R. BE Costa, LG Giordano, G Guizzetti, M TI Quantitative Assessment of Neurite Outgrowth in PC12 Cells SO IN VITRO NEUROTOXICOLOGY: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE PC12 cells; Neurite growth; Photomicroscopy; Immunofluorescence; High-content analysis ID DIFFERENTIATION; NEUROTOXICITY AB In vitro test methods can provide a rapid approach for the screening of large numbers of chemicals for their potential to produce toxicity. In order to identify potential developmental neurotoxicants, assessment of critical neurodevelopmental processes, such as neuronal differentiation and growth has been proposed. PC12 cells have been widely used to study the neurotrophic factor-induced signaling pathways that control differentiation, and as in vitro models to detect the effect of chemicals on neurite outgrowth. Upon exposure to nerve growth factor (NGF), PC12 cells cease to proliferate, extend multiple neurites, and acquire the properties of sympathetic neurons. Measurement of the number and length of neurites during exposure to NGF provides a quantitative assessment of neuronal differentiation and growth. Differentiation and neurite outgrowth can be measured using simple contrast microscopy in live cells, or using automated imaging systems in cells prepared with immunocytochemistry. C1 [Harrill, Joshua A.; Mundy, William R.] US EPA, Syst Biol Branch, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Labs, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Harrill, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Syst Biol Branch, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Labs, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 9 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-61779-169-7 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2011 VL 758 BP 331 EP 348 DI 10.1007/978-1-61779-170-3_23 D2 10.1007/978-1-61779-170-3 PG 18 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BWF36 UT WOS:000293799700023 PM 21815077 ER PT J AU Johns, DO Linn, WS AF Johns, Douglas O. Linn, William S. TI A review of controlled human SO2 exposure studies contributing to the US EPA integrated science assessment for sulfur oxides SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Sulfur dioxide; controlled human exposures; National Ambient Air Quality Standards; bronchoconstriction; asthma ID DIOXIDE-INDUCED BRONCHOCONSTRICTION; HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; DRY COLD AIR; ASTHMATIC SUBJECTS; EXERCISING ASTHMATICS; DOSE-RESPONSE; PULMONARY-FUNCTION; NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; LUNG-FUNCTION; 0.5 PPM AB Laboratory studies involving intentional and highly controlled exposures to air pollutants among groups of human volunteers provide valuable information related to the potential health effects of pollutants regulated under the US Clean Air Act. These controlled human exposure studies often provide biological plausibility for the associations between air-pollutant concentration and a given health endpoint observed in epidemiologic investigations. In some cases, results from human laboratory studies provide evidence of a relevant health effect at ambient or near-ambient concentrations and thus directly support the selection of air quality standard levels. In the recently completed review of the US National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for sulfur dioxide (SO2), the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) concluded that short-term exposures to SO2 are causally associated with an increase in respiratory morbidity. This determination was based in large part on findings from laboratory studies of controlled exposures to SO2 among small groups of asthmatic individuals. The purpose of this review is to concisely present an overview of the evidence from controlled human exposure studies of SO2-induced respiratory health effects following short-term exposures. While the majority of these studies were conducted over 20 years ago, the findings and insights gained from this work continues to play an integral role in evaluating the respiratory effects of ambient exposures to SO2.1 year). Stent thrombosis continued to increase to at least 11 years with BMS and to at least 4.5 years with DES. Stent thrombosis rates with BMS versus DES were similar at 1 year (5.1% and 4.0%, respectively) but increased more with DES after the first year (1.9%/year vs. 0.6%/year, respectively). Landmark analysis (>1 year) found DES had a higher frequency of VLSI (p < 0.001) and reinfarction (p = 0.003). DES was the only significant independent predictor of VLST (hazard ratio: 3.79, 95% confidence interval: 1.64 to 8.79, p = 0.002). Conclusions VLST after primary PCI for STEN occurs with relatively high frequency to at least 11 years with BMS and to at least 4.5 years with DES. Very late stent thrombosis and reinfarction (>1 year) were more frequent with DES. New strategies are needed to manage this problem. (J Am Coll Cardiol Intv 2011;4:30-8) (C) 2011 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation C1 [Brodie, Bruce; Fleishman, Nathan; Bensimhon, Adam; Milks, Sally; Cooper, Michael; McAlhany, Christopher; Stuckey, Tom] Moses Cone Mem Hosp, LeBauer Cardiovasc Res Fdn, Greensboro, NC 27408 USA. [Kissling, Grace] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Pokharel, Yashashwi; Hansen, Charles] Moses Cone Mem Hosp, Internal Med Residency Program, Greensboro, NC 27408 USA. RP Brodie, B (reprint author), Moses Cone Mem Hosp, LeBauer Cardiovasc Res Fdn, 313 Meadowbrook Terrace, Greensboro, NC 27408 USA. EM bbrodie@triad.rr.com FU LeBauer Charitable Research Foundation; National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01ES045005] FX This study was supported by an unrestricted grant from the LeBauer Charitable Research Foundation. This research was supported, in part, by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01ES045005). Dr. Brodie has served on the Speakers' Bureau for The Medicines Company and Medrad/Possis. Dr. Stuckey has served as consultant and on the Speakers' Bureau and Advisory Board for Boston Scientific Corporation. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships to disclose. NR 24 TC 47 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1936-8798 J9 JACC-CARDIOVASC INTE JI JACC-Cardiovasc. Interv. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 4 IS 1 BP 30 EP 38 DI 10.1016/j.jcin.2010.11.004 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 719EA UT WOS:000287181500004 PM 21251626 ER PT J AU Hunter, RH Sykes, K Lowman, SG Duncan, R Satariano, WA Belza, B AF Hunter, Rebecca H. Sykes, Kathy Lowman, Sarah G. Duncan, Richard Satariano, William A. Belza, Basia TI Environmental and Policy Change to Support Healthy Aging SO JOURNAL OF AGING & SOCIAL POLICY LA English DT Article DE aging; environment; housing; neighborhood design; physical activity; policy; safety; transportation; universal design ID OLDER-ADULTS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; BUILT ENVIRONMENT; NEIGHBORHOOD ENVIRONMENT; UNITED-STATES; DISABILITY; MOBILITY; WALKING; COMMUNITIES; OBESITY AB Given the growing evidence of the influence of the environment on older adult health, the need to design and implement effective environmental policy around healthy and vital aging is urgent. This article describes issues amenable to improvement through policy change, evidence supporting specific policy approaches and outcomes, and promising strategies for implementing those approaches. Key areas of focus are neighborhood design and safety, housing, transportation, and mobility. Strategies to build capacity for policy change are also addressed. Our goals are to foster greater attention to environmental change in support of healthy aging and to illuminate directions for policy change. C1 [Hunter, Rebecca H.] Univ N Carolina, Inst Aging, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Sykes, Kathy] US EPA, Aging Initiat, Off External Affairs & Environm Educ, Washington, DE USA. [Lowman, Sarah G.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Aging & Hlth, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Duncan, Richard] RL Mace Universal Design Inst, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Satariano, William A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Community Hlth & Human Dev, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Belza, Basia] Univ Washington, Sch Nursing, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Belza, Basia] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Hunter, RH (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Inst Aging, CB 1030, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM rebecca_hunter@unc.edu RI Mavoa, Suzanne/B-5372-2010 FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [U48-DP-001924, U48-DP-001908, U48-DP-001911, U48-DP-001921, U48-DP-001936, U48-DP-001938, U48-DP-001944]; NCRR NIH HHS [UL1 RR025014] NR 57 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 15 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0895-9420 J9 J AGING SOC POLICY JI J. Aging Soc. Policy PY 2011 VL 23 IS 4 BP 354 EP 371 DI 10.1080/08959420.2011.605642 PG 18 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 888JR UT WOS:000300000300003 PM 21985064 ER PT J AU Hasan, JA Japal, KM Christensen, ER Samalot-Freire, LC AF Hasan, Jafrul A. Japal, Knoxley M. Christensen, Erick R. Samalot-Freire, Luisa C. TI In vitro Production of Clostridium difficile Spores for Use in the Efficacy Evaluation of Disinfectants: A Precollaborative Investigation SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID DISEASE; EPIDEMIC; SPORULATION; GERMINATION; STRAINS AB Clostridium difficile is a strict anaerobic spore-forming bacterium, and an increasingly common nosocomial pathogen. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for the registration of disinfectants, including products designed to treat environmental surfaces contaminated with spores of C. difficile. Product efficacy data are required for registration; however, there is a lack of methodology for generating high-quality spore suspensions for evaluating product performance. As such, a study was carried out to select a suitable C. difficile strain and to develop a stand-alone method to prepare a spore suspension that meets specific criteria necessary for quantitative testing of disinfectants. The criteria are: (1) a spore titer of >8 log(10)/mL, (2) >= 90% spores to vegetative cells, and (3) resistance of spores (determined by viability) to 2.5 M hydrochloric acid (HCl). Several strains of C. difficile (toxigenic and nontoxigenic) were grown on various media (solid and liquid) for varying lengths of time to determine the best combination of incubation conditions and media to optimize spore production and quality. Once the spore production procedure was optimized, a toxigenic strain of C. difficile [American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 43598] was selected for use in trials to verify repeatability from one production run to the next. The spore suspension was initiated by spreading vegetative cells of C. difficile (ATCC 43598) on CDC anaerobic 5% sheep blood agar plates and incubating for 7-10 days at 36 +/- 1 degrees C under anaerobic conditions. Spores were harvested when >= 90% of the cells converted to spores as determined by observation using phase-contrast microscopy. The spores were washed three times with saline-Tween-80, resuspended in cold deionized water, heated to 70 degrees C for 10 min, evaluated microscopically for quality, and enumerated on cycloserine-cefoxitin-fructose agar containing horse blood and taurocholate. The spore suspension was used to inoculate brushed stainless steel carriers (1 cm in diameter) with and without a soil load in accordance with the Standard Quantitative Carrier Disk Test Method (ASTM E-2197-02) to determine carrier load. Once it was determined that >6 log(10) spores/carrier could be recovered, spores were evaluated for resistance to HCl. The sporulation method presented in this report is simple and repeatable and results in spore suspension of high titer (>8 log(10)/mL) and quality (>= 90%) spores to vegetative cells) that met acid resistance criteria (spores were resistant to 2.5 M HCl for 10 min). In addition, recovery from brushed stainless steel carriers with and without soil load was >6 log(10) spores/carrier. A 6 log(10) performance standard was set forth in the EPA's interim guidance for generating data to support a label claim for effectiveness against C. difficile spores on hard, nonporous surfaces. This precollaborative investigation successfully demonstrated the use of a methodology for in vitro production of C. difficile spores (ATCC 43598) necessary for conducting efficacy tests. A proposal will be submitted to the AOAC INTERNATIONAL Methods Committee on Antimicrobial Efficacy Testing for a collaborative study; see Appendix. C1 [Hasan, Jafrul A.; Japal, Knoxley M.; Christensen, Erick R.; Samalot-Freire, Luisa C.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Microbiol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. RP Hasan, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Microbiol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. EM hasan.jafrul@epa.gov NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU AOAC INT PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 N FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 94 IS 1 BP 259 EP 272 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 719QA UT WOS:000287222000030 PM 21391503 ER PT J AU Mielke, PW Berry, KJ Johnston, JE AF Mielke, Paul W., Jr. Berry, Kenneth J. Johnston, Janis E. TI Robustness without rank order statistics SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED STATISTICS LA English DT Article DE analysis space; Euclidean distance; rank-order statistics; robustness ID PERMUTATION TESTS; F-TEST; VARIANCE; ASSOCIATION; COEFFICIENT; SCIENCES; SAMPLES AB An alternative to conventional rank tests based on a Euclidean distance analysis space is described. Comparisons based on exact probability values among classical two-sample t-tests and the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test illustrate the advantages of the Euclidean distance analysis space alternative. C1 [Berry, Kenneth J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Sociol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Mielke, Paul W., Jr.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Johnston, Janis E.] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Berry, KJ (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Sociol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM berry@mail.colostate.edu NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0266-4763 EI 1360-0532 J9 J APPL STAT JI J. Appl. Stat. PY 2011 VL 38 IS 1 BP 207 EP 214 AR PII 926477123 DI 10.1080/02664760903406439 PG 8 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 692JK UT WOS:000285148900016 ER PT J AU Klein, MD Sinha, BK Subramaniam, RP AF Klein, Martin D. Sinha, Bimal K. Subramaniam, Ravi P. TI Statistical Inferences from Formaldehyde DNA-Protein Cross-Link Data: Improving Methods for Characterization of Uncertainty SO JOURNAL OF BIOPHARMACEUTICAL STATISTICS LA English DT Article DE DNA-protein cross-links (DPX); Formaldehyde; Nonlinear regression models; Ordinary differential equations; PBPK models ID POPULATION TOXICOKINETICS; INHALED FORMALDEHYDE; FISCHER-344 RATS; COVALENT BINDING; RHESUS-MONKEYS; PHARMACOKINETICS; HUMANS; MODEL; TETRACHLOROETHYLENE; DISPOSITION AB Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling has reached considerable sophistication in its application to pharmacological and environmental health problems. Yet, mature methodologies for making statistical inferences have not been routinely incorporated in these applications except in a few data-rich cases. This paper demonstrates how improved statistical inference on estimated model parameters from both frequentist and Bayesian points of view can be routinely carried out. We work with a previously developed PBPK model for the formation and disposition of DNA-protein cross-links formed by inhaled formaldehyde in the nasal lining of rats and rhesus monkeys. We purposefully choose this model because it is based on sparse time-course data. C1 [Klein, Martin D.] US Bur Census, Ctr Stat Res & Methodol, Washington, DC 20233 USA. [Sinha, Bimal K.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Math & Stat, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Subramaniam, Ravi P.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Klein, MD (reprint author), US Bur Census, Ctr Stat Res & Methodol, 4600 Silver Hill Rd, Washington, DC 20233 USA. EM martin.klein@census.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the USDOE and USEPA FX Our sincere thanks are due to Paul White and Paul Schlosser of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for various discussions and encouragement on this topic. Thanks to two reviewers and an associate editor for their helpful comments which substantially improved the quality of the paper. Bimal Sinha's research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program for USEPA/ORD administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the USDOE and USEPA. This report is released to inform interested parties of research and to encourage discussion. The views expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Census Bureau or the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, or the views of those we acknowledge. This work constitutes a portion of Martin Klein's doctoral dissertation research completed at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1054-3406 J9 J BIOPHARM STAT JI J. Biopharm. Stat. PY 2011 VL 21 IS 1 BP 42 EP 55 AR PII 931674482 DI 10.1080/10543400903531601 PG 14 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Statistics & Probability SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Mathematics GA 700SQ UT WOS:000285765000004 PM 21191853 ER PT J AU Klemick, H AF Klemick, Heather TI Shifting cultivation, forest fallow, and externalities in ecosystem services: Evidence from the Eastern Amazon SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Forest; Farms; Fallow; Ecosystem services; Land use; Spatial econometrics; Externalities; Brazil ID SLASH-AND-BURN; TROPICAL FORESTS; LAND-USE; AGRICULTURE; SOIL; DEFORESTATION; ALTERNATIVES; REGION; PERIOD; BRAZIL AB This study examines the value of fallow ecosystem services in shifting cultivation, including hydrological externalities that may affect other farms. Using farm-level survey data from the Brazilian Amazon, I estimate a production function to assess the value of forest fallow and test whether it provides local externalities to agricultural production. Soil quality controls, instrumental variables, and spatial econometric approaches help address endogeneity issues. I use GIS data on external forest cover at the farm level and model the hydrological externality as an upstream-to-downstream process. The estimated parameters indicate that fallow contributes significantly to productivity both on farm and downstream. In addition, most farms allocate sufficient land to fallow, accounting for both the value of hydrological spillovers and the opportunity cost of land left out of cultivation. These results suggest that farming communities may have some self-interest in preserving forest cover locally-a finding that may bolster policy efforts aimed at conserving tropical forests for their global public goods. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Klemick, H (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, 1200 Penn Ave, NW 1809T, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM klemick.heather@epamail.epa.gov NR 40 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 8 U2 48 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0095-0696 J9 J ENVIRON ECON MANAG JI J.Environ.Econ.Manage. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 61 IS 1 BP 95 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.jeem.2010.07.003 PG 12 WC Business; Economics; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 710VG UT WOS:000286544500007 ER PT J AU He, F Shaffer, ML Li, XA Rodriguez-Colon, S Wolbrette, DL Williams, R Cascio, WE Liao, DP AF He, Fan Shaffer, Michele L. Li, Xian Rodriguez-Colon, Sol Wolbrette, Deborah L. Williams, Ronald Cascio, Wayne E. Liao, Duanping TI Individual-level PM2.5 exposure and the time course of impaired heart rate variability: the APACR Study SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE particulate matter; fine particles; heart rate variability; autonomic modulation; cardiovascular disease; personal nephelometry ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; CARDIAC AUTONOMIC CONTROL; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; CRITERIA POLLUTANTS; SUDDEN-DEATH; ASSOCIATION; INFLAMMATION; POPULATION AB In 106 community-dwelling middle-aged non-smokers we examined the time-course and the acute effects of fine particles (PM2.5) on heart rate variability (HRV), which measures cardiac autonomic modulation (CAM). Twenty-four hours beat-to-beat ECG data were visually examined. Artifacts and arrhythmic beats were removed. Normal beat-to-beat RR data were used to calculate HRV indices. Personal PM2.5 nephelometry was used to estimate 24-h individual-level real-time PM2.5 exposures. We use linear mixed-effects models to assess autocorrelation- and other major confounder-adjusted regression coefficients between 1-6 h moving averages of PM2.5 and HRV indices. The increases in preceding 1-6 h moving averages of PM2.5 was significantly associated with lower HF, LF, and SDNN, with the largest effect size at 4-6 h moving averages and smallest effects size at 1 h moving average. For example, a 10 mu g/m(3) increase in 1 and 6-h moving averages was associated with 0.027 and 0.068 ms(2) decrease in log-HF, respectively, and with 0.024 and 0.071 ms(2) decrease in log-LF, respectively, and with 0.81 and 1.75 ms decrease in SDNN, respectively (all P-values <0.05). PM2.5 exposures are associated with immediate impairment of CAM. With a time-course of within 6 h after elevated PM2.5 exposure, with the largest effects around 4-6 h. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2011) 21, 65-73; doi: 10.1038/jes.2010.21; published online 7 April 2010 C1 [He, Fan; Shaffer, Michele L.; Li, Xian; Rodriguez-Colon, Sol; Liao, Duanping] Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. [Wolbrette, Deborah L.] Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. [Williams, Ronald] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Cascio, Wayne E.] E Carolina Univ, Brody Sch Med, Dept Cardiovasc Sci, Greenville, NC USA. [Cascio, Wayne E.] E Carolina Univ, E Carolina Heart Inst, Greenville, NC USA. RP Liao, DP (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, 600 Centerview Dr,Suite 2200,A210, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. EM dliao@psu.edu FU NIEHS [1 R01 ES014010] FX This study is funded by NIEHS (1 R01 ES014010). We thank Dr. David Mortara of Mortara Instrument Inc., for providing the SuperECG software for the analysis of the electrocardiographic data. NR 40 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 12 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 EI 1559-064X J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 21 IS 1 BP 65 EP 73 DI 10.1038/jes.2010.21 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 696PF UT WOS:000285452900009 PM 20372190 ER PT J AU Mcbride, SJ Norris, GA Williams, RW Neas, LM AF Mcbride, Sandra J. Norris, Gary A. Williams, Ron W. Neas, Lucas M. TI Bayesian hierarchical modeling of cardiac response to particulate matter exposure SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE empirical/statistical models; exposure modeling; environmental monitoring; particulate matter; epidemiology ID HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; AIR-POLLUTION; PERSONAL EXPOSURE; EPIDEMIOLOGY-EXPOSURE; SOURCE-APPORTIONMENT; DAILY MORTALITY; PM2.5 EXPOSURE; US CITIES; AMBIENT; ASSOCIATION AB Studies have linked increased levels of particulate air pollution to decreased autonomic control, as measured by heart rate variability (HRV), particularly in susceptible populations such as the elderly. In this study, we use data obtained from the 1998 USEPA epidemiology-exposure longitudinal panel study of elderly adults in a Baltimore retirement home to examine the relationship between HRV and PM(2.5) personal exposure. We consider PM(2.5) personal exposure in the aggregate and personal exposure to the components of PM(2.5) as estimated in two ways using receptor models. We develop a Bayesian hierarchical model for HRV as a function of personal exposure to PM(2.5), which integrates HRV measurements and data obtained from personal, indoor and outdoor PM(2.5) monitoring and meteorological data. We found a strong relationship between decreased HRV (HF, LF, r-MSSD and SDNN) and total personal exposure to PM(2.5) at a lag of 1 day. Using personal exposure monitoring (PEM) apportionment results, we examined the relative importance of ambient and non-ambient personal PM(2.5) exposure to HRV and found the effect of internal non-ambient sources of PM(2.5) on HRV to be minimal. Using the PEM apportionment data, a consistent effect of soil at short time scales (lag 0) was found across all five HRV measures, and an effect of sulfate on HRV was seen for HF and r-MSSD at the moving average of lags 0 and 1 days. Modeling of ambient site apportionment data indicated effects of nitrate on HRV at lags of 1 day, and moving averages of days 0 and 1 and days 0-2 for all but the ratio LF/HF. Sulfate had an effect on HRV at a lag of 1 day for four HRV measures (HF, LF, r-MSSD, SDNN) and for LF/HF at a moving average of days 0-2. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2011) 21, 74-91; doi: 10.1038/jes.2009.58; published online 30 December 2009 C1 [Williams, Ron W.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Acting Branch Chief, Exposure Measurements & Anal Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Mcbride, Sandra J.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Neas, Lucas M.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Williams, RW (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Acting Branch Chief, Exposure Measurements & Anal Branch, MD-E205-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Williams.Ronald@epamail.epa.gov RI Neas, Lucas/J-9378-2012 FU US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [3D-5925-WATX, 4D-5895-WATX] FX This paper is now being subjected to external peer review and has not been cleared for publication by the US Environmental Protection Agency. The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and conducted the research described herein through contract 3D-5925-WATX and 4D-5895-WATX to Dr. Sandra McBride. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 42 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 9 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 21 IS 1 BP 74 EP 91 DI 10.1038/jes.2009.58 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 696PF UT WOS:000285452900010 PM 20040931 ER PT J AU George, BJ Mccurdy, T AF George, Barbara Jane Mccurdy, Thomas TI Investigating the American Time Use Survey from an exposure modeling perspective SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE American Time Use Survey; Bureau of Labor Statistics; time use; travel; exposure modeling ID POPULATION EXPOSURE; CARBON-MONOXIDE; AMBIENT; PARTICLES; EMISSIONS; MATTER; DIARY AB This paper describes an evaluation of the US Bureau of Labor Statistics' American Time Use Survey (ATUS) for potential use in modeling human exposures to environmental pollutants. The ATUS is a large, on-going, cross-sectional survey of where Americans spend time and what activities they undertake in those locations. The data are reported as a series of sequential activities over a 24-h time period-a "diary day"-starting at 0400 hours. Between 12,000 and 13,000 surveys are obtained each year and the Bureau has plans to continue ATUS for the foreseeable future. The ATUS already has about 73,000 diary days of data, more than twice as many as that which currently exists in the US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) "Consolidated Human Activity Database" (CHAD) that the Agency uses for exposure modeling purposes. There are limitations for using ATUS in modeling human exposures to environmental pollutants. The ATUS does not report the location for a number of activities regarded as "personal." For 2006, personal activities with missing location information totaled 572 min/day, on average, for survey participants: about 40% of their day. Another limitation is that ATUS does not distinguish between indoor and outdoor activities at home, two of the traditional locational demarcations used in human exposure modeling. This lack of information affects exposure estimates to both indoor and outdoor air pollutants and potentially affects non-dietary ingestion estimates for children, which can vary widely depending on whether or not a child is indoors. Finally, a detailed analysis of the work travel activity in a subsample from ATUS 2006 indicates that the coding scheme is not fully consistent with a CHAD-based exposure modeling approach. For ATUS respondents in this subsample who reported work as an activity, roughly 48% of their days were missing work travel at one or both ends of the work shift or reported within work-shift travel inconsistently. An extensive effort would be needed to recode work travel data from ATUS for EPA's exposure modeling purposes. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2011) 21, 92-105; doi: 10.1038/jes.2009.60; published online 30 December 2009 C1 [George, Barbara Jane; Mccurdy, Thomas] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Exposure Modeling Res Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP George, BJ (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Exposure Modeling Res Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM george.bj@epa.gov FU US government at taxpayer's expense FX This paper has been subject to EPA's peer-review process and has been approved for publication. Mention of registered trade names does not constitute Agency endorsement of the product. The authors have no financial interests in the outcome of this study; it was funded solely by the US government at taxpayer's expense. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 21 IS 1 BP 92 EP 105 DI 10.1038/jes.2009.60 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 696PF UT WOS:000285452900011 PM 20040930 ER PT J AU Lemen, RA Anderson, H Bailar, JC Bingham, E Castleman, B Frank, AL Huff, J Ladou, J Melius, J Monforton, C Robbins, A Teitelbaum, DT Welch, LS AF Lemen, Richard A. Anderson, Henry Bailar, John C. Bingham, Eula Castleman, Barry Frank, Arthur L. Huff, James Ladou, Joseph Melius, James Monforton, Celeste Robbins, Anthony Teitelbaum, Daniel Thau Welch, Laura S. TI Exposure science will not increase protection of workers from asbestos-caused diseases: NIOSH fails to provide needed public health action and leadership SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID CHRYSOTILE ASBESTOS; GLOBAL BAN C1 [Lemen, Richard A.] US PHS, Canton, GA USA. [Lemen, Richard A.] NIOSH, Canton, GA USA. [Anderson, Henry] Wisconsin Div Publ Hlth, Madison, WI USA. [Bailar, John C.] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bailar, John C.] Natl Acad, Chicago, IL USA. [Bingham, Eula] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Frank, Arthur L.] Drexel Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Huff, James] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Ladou, Joseph] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Occupat & Environm Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Melius, James] NYS Laborers Hlth & Safety Fund, Albany, NY USA. [Monforton, Celeste] Amer Publ Hlth Assoc, Occupat Hlth & Safety Sect, Washington, DC USA. [Robbins, Anthony] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Teitelbaum, Daniel Thau] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Denver, CO USA. [Welch, Laura S.] George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Washington, DC USA. EM rlemen421@yahoo.com NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 21 IS 1 BP 114 EP 115 DI 10.1038/jes.2010.53 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 696PF UT WOS:000285452900013 PM 21170057 ER PT J AU Bezemer, GFG Bauer, SM Oberdorster, G Breysse, PN Pieters, RHH Georas, SN Williams, MA AF Bezemer, Gillina F. G. Bauer, Stephen M. Oberdoerster, Guenter Breysse, Patrick N. Pieters, Raymond H. H. Georas, Steve N. Williams, Marc A. TI Activation of Pulmonary Dendritic Cells and Th2-Type Inflammatory Responses on Instillation of Engineered, Environmental Diesel Emission Source or Ambient Air Pollutant Particles in vivo SO JOURNAL OF INNATE IMMUNITY LA English DT Article DE Innate immunity; Allergic immunity; Dendritic cell; Lung; Inflammation; Immunotoxicology; Toxicology; Particulate matter; Nanoparticles ID BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; TIGHT JUNCTION PROTEINS; CD4(+) T-CELLS; EXHAUST PARTICLES; OXIDATIVE STRESS; INHALED ANTIGEN; ALLERGIC INFLAMMATION; METABOLIC PATHWAYS; ADJUVANT ACTIVITY AB The biological effects of acute particulate air pollution exposure in host innate immunity remain obscure and have relied largely on in vitro models. We hypothesized that single acute exposure to ambient or engineered particulate matter (PM) in the absence of other secondary stimuli would activate lung dendritic cells (DC) in vivo and provide information on the early immunological events of PM exposure and DC activation in a mouse model naive to prior PM exposure. Activation of purified lung DC was studied following oropharyngeal instillation of ambient particulate matter (APM). We compared the effects of APM exposure with that of diesel-enriched PM (DEP), carbon black particles (CBP) and silver nanoparticles (AgP). We found that PM species induced variable cellular infiltration in the lungs and only APM exposure induced eosinophilic infiltration. Both APM and DEP activated pulmonary DC and promoted a Th2-type cytokine response from naive CD4+T cells ex vivo. Cultures of primary peribronchial lymph node cells from mice exposed to APM and DEP also displayed a Th2-type immune response ex vivo. We conclude that exposure of the lower airway to various PM species induces differential immunological responses and immunomodulation of DC subsets. Environmental APM and DEP activated DC in vivo and provoked a Th2 response ex vivo. By contrast, CBP and AgP induced altered lung tissue barrier integrity but failed to stimulate CD4+T cells as effectively. Our work suggests that respirable pollutants activate the innate immune response with enhanced DC activation, pulmonary inflammation and Th2-immune responsiveness. Copyright (c) 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Bezemer, Gillina F. G.; Pieters, Raymond H. H.] Univ Utrecht, Immunotoxicol Inst Risk Assessment Sci, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Bauer, Stephen M.; Georas, Steve N.; Williams, Marc A.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Rochester, NY USA. [Oberdoerster, Guenter] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Div Resp Biol & Toxicol, Rochester, NY USA. [Georas, Steve N.; Williams, Marc A.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Lung Biol & Dis Program, Rochester, NY USA. [Oberdoerster, Guenter; Georas, Steve N.; Williams, Marc A.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Environm Med, Rochester, NY USA. [Breysse, Patrick N.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Williams, MA (reprint author), US EPA, NHEERL, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Cardiopulm & Immunotoxicol Branch,Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Williams.marc@epa.gov FU NIH/NIEHS [P30 ES03819, P30 ES001247]; US Environmental Protection Agency [R82672401]; National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences [PO1 ES09606]; University of Rochester US - EPA Particulate Matter Center [RD83241501]; University of Rochester NIEHS Center [P30 ESO1247]; Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry; Dutch Asthma Fund; United States Environmental Protection Agency [R82672401] FX The authors would like to thank Nancy Corson and Pamela Mercer for their excellent technical assistance with mouse exposure experiments and BALF chemistry measurements. This project was funded in part by NIH/NIEHS Pilot Project Grants P30 ES03819 and P30 ES001247 (both awarded to M.A.W.), The US Environmental Protection Agency (grant No. R82672401, awarded to P.B.) and the National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences (grant No. PO1 ES09606, awarded to P.B.), The University of Rochester US - EPA Particulate Matter Center (grant No. RD83241501) and The University of Rochester NIEHS Center (grant No. P30 ESO1247), The Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry and the Dutch Asthma Fund (awarded to G.F.G.B. and R.H.H.P.). Please note that the research described in this article has been funded in part by the United States Environmental Protection Agency through grant agreement R82672401 awarded to Dr. Patrick Breysse and has not been subjected to the Agency's peer and policy review and thus does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency and no official endorsement should be inferred or concluded from this work. In addition, the senior author of this work, Dr. Marc A. Williams, performed the studies and data analyses reported herein while entirely employed by the University of Rochester and School of Medicine, Rochester, N.Y., USA. Although the corresponding address of Dr. Williams is provided as The US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, N.C., USA, none of the work whatsoever was conducted at that Agency and thus the research data, discussion and conclusions reported in this article do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency at all and no official endorsement should be inferred or concluded from this work. NR 65 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 10 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1662-811X J9 J INNATE IMMUN JI J. Innate Immun. PY 2011 VL 3 IS 2 BP 150 EP 166 DI 10.1159/000321725 PG 17 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 724EU UT WOS:000287559700006 PM 21099199 ER PT J AU Yokel, RA MacPhail, RC AF Yokel, Robert A. MacPhail, Robert C. TI Engineered nanomaterials: exposures, hazards, and risk prevention SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review ID MULTIWALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; FILTERING-FACEPIECE RESPIRATORS; CERIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; POTENTIAL INHALATION EXPOSURE; BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUE NEAT; CULTURED BEAS-2B CELLS; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; IN-VITRO AB Nanotechnology presents the possibility of revolutionizing many aspects of our lives. People in many settings (academic, small and large industrial, and the general public in industrialized nations) are either developing or using engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) or ENM-containing products. However, our understanding of the occupational, health and safety aspects of ENMs is still in its formative stage. A survey of the literature indicates the available information is incomplete, many of the early findings have not been independently verified, and some may have been over-interpreted. This review describes ENMs briefly, their application, the ENM workforce, the major routes of human exposure, some examples of uptake and adverse effects, what little has been reported on occupational exposure assessment, and approaches to minimize exposure and health hazards. These latter approaches include engineering controls such as fume hoods and personal protective equipment. Results showing the effectiveness - or lack thereof - of some of these controls are also included. This review is presented in the context of the Risk Assessment/Risk Management framework, as a paradigm to systematically work through issues regarding human health hazards of ENMs. Examples are discussed of current knowledge of nanoscale materials for each component of the Risk Assessment/Risk Management framework. Given the notable lack of information, current recommendations to minimize exposure and hazards are largely based on common sense, knowledge by analogy to ultrafine material toxicity, and general health and safety recommendations. This review may serve as an overview for health and safety personnel, management, and ENM workers to establish and maintain a safe work environment. Small start-up companies and research institutions with limited personnel or expertise in nanotechnology health and safety issues may find this review particularly useful. C1 [Yokel, Robert A.] Univ Kentucky, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. [Yokel, Robert A.] Univ Kentucky, Grad Ctr Toxicol, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. [MacPhail, Robert C.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Yokel, RA (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. EM ryokel@email.uky.edu FU US EPA STAR [RD-833772] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support for nanoscale research provided by US EPA STAR Grant RD-833772. The authors thank Matt H. Hazzard and Robin L. Jones, University of Kentucky Teaching & Academic Support Center, for preparing Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 and Drs. Ronald E. Shaffer, NIOSH, and William K. Boyes, EPA, for their helpful comments on a prior version of this review, and an anonymous journal reviewer whose extensive comments surely improved this manuscript. This manuscript has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 229 TC 51 Z9 54 U1 10 U2 60 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1745-6673 J9 J OCCUP MED TOXICOL JI J. Occup. Med. Toxicol. PY 2011 VL 6 AR 7 DI 10.1186/1745-6673-6-7 PG 27 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V27LX UT WOS:000208615800007 PM 21418643 ER PT J AU Cao, ZY Shafer, TJ Murray, TF AF Cao, Zhengyu Shafer, Timothy J. Murray, Thomas F. TI Mechanisms of Pyrethroid Insecticide-Induced Stimulation of Calcium Influx in Neocortical Neurons SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID RAT-BRAIN; HIPPOCAMPAL-NEURONS; SODIUM-CHANNELS; XENOPUS OOCYTES; ION CHANNELS; DELTAMETHRIN; ALLETHRIN; TOXICITY; CELLS; PHOSPHORYLATION AB Pyrethroid insecticides bind to voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) and modify their gating kinetics, thereby disrupting neuronal function. Pyrethroids have also been reported to alter the function of other channel types, including activation of voltage-gated calcium channels. Therefore, the present study compared the ability of 11 structurally diverse pyrethroids to evoke Ca2+ influx in primary cultures of mouse neocortical neurons. Nine pyrethroids (tefluthrin, deltamethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, beta-cyfluthrin, esfenvalerate, S-bioallethrin, fenpropathrin, cypermethrin, and bifenthrin) produced concentration-dependent elevations in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+](i)) in neocortical neurons. Permethrin and resmethrin were without effect on [Ca2+](i). These pyrethroids displayed a range of efficacies on Ca2+ influx; however, the EC50 values for active pyrethroids all were within one order of magnitude. Tetrodotoxin blocked increases in [Ca2+](i) caused by all nine active pyrethroids, indicating that the effects depended on VGSC activation. The pathways for deltamethrin-and tefluthrin-induced Ca2+ influx include N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors, L-type Ca2+ channels, and reverse mode of operation of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger inasmuch as antagonists of these sites blocked deltamethrin-induced Ca2+ influx. These data demonstrate that pyrethroids stimulate Ca2+ entry into neurons subsequent to their actions on VGSCs. C1 [Cao, Zhengyu; Murray, Thomas F.] Creighton Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Shafer, Timothy J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Murray, TF (reprint author), Creighton Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. EM tfmurray@creighton.edu RI cao, zhengyu/G-2527-2012; Shafer, Timothy/D-6243-2013; OI Shafer, Timothy/0000-0002-8069-9987 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [PR-RT-08-00545]; National Institutes of Health National Center for Research Resources [G20RR024001] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [Grant PR-RT-08-00545] (to T.F.M.), and the National Institutes of Health National Center for Research Resources [Grant G20RR024001]. NR 40 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 336 IS 1 BP 197 EP 205 DI 10.1124/jpet.110.171850 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 694YS UT WOS:000285338400023 PM 20881019 ER PT J AU Huang, YCT Karoly, ED Dailey, LA Schmitt, MT Silbajoris, R Graff, DW Devlin, RB AF Huang, Yuh-Chin T. Karoly, Edward D. Dailey, Lisa A. Schmitt, Michael T. Silbajoris, Robert Graff, Donald W. Devlin, Robert B. TI COMPARISON OF GENE EXPRESSION PROFILES INDUCED BY COARSE, FINE, AND ULTRAFINE PARTICULATE MATTER SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article ID BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; AIR-POLLUTION PARTICLES; OXIDATIVE DNA-DAMAGE; LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; AMBIENT AIR; SIZE FRACTIONS; PULMONARY INFLAMMATION; LUNG-CANCER; IN-VITRO; MORTALITY AB Coarse, fine, and ultrafine particulate matter (PM) fractions possess different physical properties and chemical compositions and may produce different adverse health effects. Studies were undertaken to determine whether or not gene expression patterns may be used to discriminate among the three size fractions. Airway epithelial cells obtained from 6 normal individuals were exposed to Chapel Hill coarse, fine or ultrafine PM (250 mu g/ml) for 6 and 24 h (n = 3 different individuals each). RNA was isolated and hybridized to Affymetrix cDNA microarrays. Significant genes were identified and mapped to canonical pathways. Expression of selected genes was confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The numbers of genes altered by coarse, fine, and ultrafine PM increased from 0, 6, and 17 at 6 h to 1281, 302, and 455 at 24 h, respectively. The NRF2-mediated oxidative stress response, cell cycle:G2/M DNA damage checkpoint regulation, and mitotic roles of polo-like kinase were the top three pathways altered by all three fractions. Fine and ultrafine PM displayed more similar gene expression patterns. One example was the increased expression of metallothionein isoforms, reflecting the higher zinc content associated with fine and ultrafine fractions. A set of 10 genes was identified that could discriminate fine and ultrafine PM from coarse PM. These results indicate that common properties shared by the three size fractions as well as size-specific factors, e. g., compositions, may determine the effects on gene expression. Genomic markers may be used to discriminate coarse from fine and ultrafine PM. C1 [Huang, Yuh-Chin T.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Karoly, Edward D.; Dailey, Lisa A.; Schmitt, Michael T.; Silbajoris, Robert; Graff, Donald W.; Devlin, Robert B.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Huang, YCT (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, 330 Trent Dr,Hanes House,Room 105-B, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM huang002@mc.duke.edu NR 50 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 24 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PY 2011 VL 74 IS 5 BP 296 EP 312 DI 10.1080/15287394.2010.516238 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 734WQ UT WOS:000288372600002 PM 21240730 ER PT J AU Saxena, RK McClure, ME Hays, MD Green, FHY McPhee, LJ Vallyathan, V Gilmour, MI AF Saxena, Rajiv K. McClure, Michael E. Hays, Michael D. Green, Francis H. Y. McPhee, Laura J. Vallyathan, V. Gilmour, M. Ian TI Quantitative Assessment of Elemental Carbon In The Lungs of Never Smokers, Cigarette Smokers, and Coal Miners SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article ID DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES; PARTICULATE MATTER; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; BLACK; WORKERS; CANCER; CARCINOGEN; EXPOSURE; DISEASE; TOBACCO AB Inhalation exposure to particulates such as cigarette smoke and coal dust is known to contribute to the development of chronic lung disease. The purpose of this study was to estimate the amount of elemental carbon (EC) deposits from autopsied lung samples from cigarette smokers, miners, and control subjects and explore the relationship between EC level, exposure history, and the extent of chronic lung disease. The samples comprised three subgroups representing never smokers (8), chronic cigarette smokers (26), and coal miners (6). Following the dissolution of lung tissue, the extracted EC residue was quantified using a thermal-optical transmission (TOT) carbon analyzer. Mean EC levels in the lungs of the control group were 56.68 +/- 24.86 (SD) g/g dry lung weight. Respective mean EC values in lung samples from the smokers and coal miners were 449.56 +/- 320.3 g/g and 6678.2 +/- 6162 g/g. These values were significantly higher than those obtained from the never-smoker group. EC levels in the lung and pack-years of cigarette smoking correlated significantly, as did EC levels and the severity of small airway disease. This study provides one of the first quantitative assessments of EC in human lungs from populations at high relative risk for the development of chronic lung disease. C1 [Gilmour, M. Ian] US EPA, Cardiopulmonary & Immunotoxicol Branch, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Saxena, Rajiv K.] Jawaharlal Nehru Univ, Sch Life Sci, New Delhi 110067, India. [McClure, Michael E.; Hays, Michael D.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Green, Francis H. Y.; McPhee, Laura J.] Univ Calgary, Fac Med, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Vallyathan, V.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Gilmour, MI (reprint author), US EPA, Cardiopulmonary & Immunotoxicol Branch, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, MD B143-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gilmour.ian@epa.gov RI Hays, Michael/E-6801-2013 OI Hays, Michael/0000-0002-4029-8660 FU U.S. National Research Council; Alberta Lung Association; Health Canada; U.S. National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health FX We remember our dear friend and colleague Dr. V. Vallyathan, who passed away in an automobile accident during the preparation of this article. R. K. Saxena was supported through a senior fellowship of the U.S. National Research Council. F. H. Y. Green was supported through a grant from the Alberta Lung Association, Health Canada, and a contract with the U.S. National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health. This article has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the agency, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PY 2011 VL 74 IS 11 BP 706 EP 715 AR PII 936100557 DI 10.1080/15287394.2011.556059 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 751KB UT WOS:000289614900002 PM 21480045 ER PT J AU Zeidler-Erdely, PC Battelli, LA Salmen-Muniz, R Li, Z Erdely, A Kashon, ML Simeonova, PP Antonini, JM AF Zeidler-Erdely, Patti C. Battelli, Lori A. Salmen-Muniz, Rebecca Li, Zheng Erdely, Aaron Kashon, Michael L. Simeonova, Petia P. Antonini, James M. TI Lung Tumor Production and Tissue Metal Distribution After Exposure to Manual Metal ARC-Stainless Steel Welding Fume in A/J and C57BL/6J Mice SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article ID FREE-RADICAL PRODUCTION; MOUSE LUNG; BACTERIAL-INFECTION; DEFENSE RESPONSES; SUSCEPTIBLE A/J; TOBACCO-SMOKE; II CELL; CANCER; INFLAMMATION; PARTICLES AB Stainless steel welding produces fumes that contain carcinogenic metals. Therefore, welders may be at risk for the development of lung cancer, but animal data are inadequate in this regard. Our main objective was to examine lung tumor production and histopathological alterations in lung-tumor-susceptible (A/J) and -resistant C57BL/6J (B6) mice exposed to manual metal arc-stainless steel (MMA-SS) welding fume. Male mice were exposed to vehicle or MMA-SS welding fume (20 mg/kg) by pharyngeal aspiration once per month for 4 mo. At 78 wk postexposure, gross tumor counts and histopathological changes were assessed and metal analysis was done on extrapulmonary tissue (aorta, heart, kidney, and liver). At 78 wk postexposure, gross lung tumor multiplicity and incidence were unremarkable in mice exposed to MMA-SS welding fume. Histopathology revealed that only the exposed A/J mice contained minimal amounts of MMA-SS welding fume in the lung and statistically increased lymphoid infiltrates and alveolar macrophages. A significant increase in tumor multiplicity in the A/J strain was observed at 78 wk. Metal analysis of extrapulmonary tissue showed that only the MMA-SS-exposed A/J mice had elevated levels of Cr, Cu, Mn, and Zn in kidney and Cr in liver. In conclusion, this study further supports that MMA-SS welding fume does not produce a significant tumorigenic response in an animal model, but may induce a chronic lung immune response. In addition, long-term extrapulmonary tissue alterations in metals in the susceptible A/J mouse suggest that the adverse effects of this fume might be cumulative. C1 [Zeidler-Erdely, Patti C.; Battelli, Lori A.; Antonini, James M.] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Pathol & Physiol Res Branch, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Salmen-Muniz, Rebecca; Erdely, Aaron; Simeonova, Petia P.] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Salmen-Muniz, Rebecca; Erdely, Aaron] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Lab Occupat Cardiovasc Toxicol, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Kashon, Michael L.] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Li, Zheng] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Zeidler-Erdely, PC (reprint author), NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Pathol & Physiol Res Branch, 1095 Willowdale Rd M-S L2015, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM PErdely@cdc.gov RI Erdely, Aaron/A-3518-2013 NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PY 2011 VL 74 IS 11 BP 728 EP 736 AR PII 936098529 DI 10.1080/15287394.2011.556063 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 751KB UT WOS:000289614900004 PM 21480047 ER PT J AU Padilla-Carlin, DJ Schladweiler, MCJ Shannahan, JH Kodavanti, UP Nyska, A Burgoon, LD Gavett, SH AF Padilla-Carlin, Danielle J. Schladweiler, Mette C. J. Shannahan, Jonathan H. Kodavanti, Urmila P. Nyska, Abraham Burgoon, Lyle D. Gavett, Stephen H. TI PULMONARY INFLAMMATORY AND FIBROTIC RESPONSES IN FISCHER 344 RATS AFTER INTRATRACHEAL INSTILLATION EXPOSURE TO LIBBY AMPHIBOLE SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article ID ASBESTOS EXPOSURE; BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE; CROCIDOLITE ASBESTOS; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; LUNG INJURY; INHALATION; EXPRESSION; MONTANA; FIBERS; DISEASES AB Increased incidences of asbestosis have been reported in workers from Libby, MT, associated with exposures to amphibole-contaminated vermiculite. In this study pulmonary and histopathological changes were investigated following Libby amphibole (LA) exposure in a rat model. Rat respirable fractions of LA and amosite (aerodynamic diameter <2.5 mu m) were prepared by water elutriation. Male F344 rats were exposed to single doses of either saline (SAL), amosite (0.65 mg/rat), or LA (0.65 or 6.5 mg/rat) by intratracheal instillation. At times from 1 d to 3 mo after exposure, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed and right and left lungs were removed for reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and histopathological analysis, respectively. Data indicated that 0.65 mg amosite resulted in a higher degree of pulmonary injury, inflammation, and fibrotic events than LA at the same mass dose. Exposure to either amosite or high dose LA resulted in higher levels of cellular permeability and injury, inflammatory enzymes, and iron binding proteins in both BAL fluid and lung tissue at most time points when compared to SAL controls. However, mRNA expression for some growth factors (e. g., platelet-derived growth factor [PDGF]-A and transforming growth factor [TGF]-1 beta), which contribute to fibrosis, were downregulated at several time points. Furthermore, histopathological examination showed notable thickening of interstitial areas surrounding the alveolar ducts and terminal bronchioles. On a mass dose basis, amosite produced a greater acute and persistent lung injury for at least 3 mo after exposure. However, further testing and analysis of LA are needed with regard to the dose metric to fully evaluate its potential fibrogenicity and carcinogenicity. C1 [Schladweiler, Mette C. J.; Kodavanti, Urmila P.; Gavett, Stephen H.] US EPA, Cardiopulm & Immunotoxicol Branch, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Padilla-Carlin, Danielle J.; Shannahan, Jonathan H.] UNC Sch Med, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Burgoon, Lyle D.] US EPA, Res Cores Unit, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Nyska, Abraham] Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Sch Med, Timrat, Israel. RP Gavett, SH (reprint author), US EPA, Cardiopulm & Immunotoxicol Branch, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Gavett.stephen@epa.gov OI Burgoon, Lyle/0000-0003-4977-5352 FU U.S. EPA/UNC [CR 833237]; Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill FX This work was supported by the U.S. EPA/UNC Toxicology Research Program, Training Agreement CR 833237, with the Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The authors thank Debora Andrews, Rick Jaskot, and Judy Richards for their technical assistance. We thank Drs. Gary Hatch and Aimen Farraj, and members of the Libby Action Plan working group for their review of the article. NR 44 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PY 2011 VL 74 IS 17 BP 1111 EP 1132 DI 10.1080/15287394.2011.586940 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 820KO UT WOS:000294904800001 PM 21797767 ER PT J AU Gwinn, MR AF Gwinn, Maureen R. TI MULTIPLE MODES OF ACTION OF ASBESTOS AND RELATED MINERAL FIBERS SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART B-CRITICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US EPA, EICG, NCEA, ORD, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Gwinn, MR (reprint author), US EPA, EICG, NCEA, ORD, 1200 Penn Ave NW,Mail Code 8623-P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM gwinn.maureen@epamail.epa.gov NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1093-7404 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL B JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health-Pt b-Crit. Rev. PY 2011 VL 14 IS 1-4 SI SI BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1080/10937404.2011.556044 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 757LY UT WOS:000290087900001 PM 21534083 ER PT J AU Aust, AE Cook, PM Dodson, RF AF Aust, Ann E. Cook, Philip M. Dodson, Ronald F. TI MORPHOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL MECHANISMS OF ELONGATED MINERAL PARTICLE TOXICITIES SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART B-CRITICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID LUNG EPITHELIAL-CELLS; SINGLE-STRAND BREAKS; PLEURAL MESOTHELIAL CELLS; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; WALL CARBON NANOTUBE; CROCIDOLITE ASBESTOS; CHRYSOTILE ASBESTOS; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; IRON MOBILIZATION; PARIETAL PLEURA AB Much of our understanding regarding the mechanisms for induction of disease following inhalation of respirable elongated mineral particles (REMP) is based on studies involving the biological effects of asbestos fibers. The factors governing the disease potential of an exposure include duration and frequency of exposures; tissue-specific dose over time; impacts on dose persistence from in vivo REMP dissolution, comminution, and clearance; individual susceptibility; and the mineral type and surface characteristics. The mechanisms associated with asbestos particle toxicity involve two facets for each particle's contribution: (1) the physical features of the inhaled REMP, which include width, length, aspect ratio, and effective surface area available for cell contact; and (2) the surface chemical composition and reactivity of the individual fiber/elongated particle. Studies in cell-free systems and with cultured cells suggest an important way in which REMP from asbestos damage cellular molecules or influence cellular processes. This may involve an unfortunate combination of the ability of REMP to chemically generate potentially damaging reactive oxygen species, through surface iron, and the interaction of the unique surfaces with cell membranes to trigger membrane receptor activation. Together these events appear to lead to a cascade of cellular events, including the production of damaging reactive nitrogen species, which may contribute to the disease process. Thus, there is a need to be more cognizant of the potential impact that the total surface area of REMP contributes to the generation of events resulting in pathological changes in biological systems. The information presented has applicability to inhaled dusts, in general, and specifically to respirable elongated mineral particles. C1 [Dodson, Ronald F.] Dodson Environm Consulting Inc, Tyler, TX 75701 USA. [Dodson, Ronald F.] ERI Environm Consulting Inc, Tyler, TX USA. [Aust, Ann E.] Utah State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Huachuca City, AZ USA. [Cook, Philip M.] US EPA, NHEERL, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. RP Dodson, RF (reprint author), Dodson Environm Consulting Inc, 2026 Republ Dr,Suite A, Tyler, TX 75701 USA. EM ron@ericonsulting.com NR 163 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 3 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1093-7404 EI 1521-6950 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL B JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health-Pt b-Crit. Rev. PY 2011 VL 14 IS 1-4 SI SI BP 40 EP 75 DI 10.1080/10937404.2011.556046 PG 36 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 757LY UT WOS:000290087900003 PM 21534085 ER PT J AU Davis, MJ Janke, R AF Davis, Michael J. Janke, Robert TI Patterns in Potential Impacts Associated with Contamination Events in Water Distribution Systems SO JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Water distribution systems; Contamination; Simulation; Terrorism; Accidents; Potable water; Municipal water; Water quality; Public health ID DRINKING-WATER; WARNING SYSTEMS; MODEL; EXPOSURE; DESIGN AB Properly designing contamination warning systems requires an understanding of potential public health impacts for a range of contaminated water systems and a wide range of contaminants. To address this need, we determined potential impacts for 12 actual systems serving populations ranging from similar to 10(4) to over 10(6) persons by simulating contamination events for the systems. We found several consistent patterns in the estimated impacts (defined as the size of the population receiving an ingestion dose above a given level). Significant impacts, those similar to worst-case impacts, result from injections of contaminants at only a minority of nodes. For contaminants with high thresholds for adverse effects, significant exposures are concentrated near the injection location, and impacts are not sensitive to population served. However, for contaminants with low thresholds, significant exposures are present over a significant fraction of the system, and impacts are sensitive to population. When exposures are concentrated near the injection node, the area affected tends to decrease with increasing population density. Accounting for all possible exposures and events may complicate the design of contamination warning systems. C1 [Davis, Michael J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Janke, Robert] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Davis, MJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM mike_davis@anl.gov; janke.robert@epamail.epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Office of Research and Development; USEPA through U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Office of Research and Development funded, managed, and participated in the research described here under an interagency agreement. The views expressed in this paper are those of the writers and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USEPA. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Work at Argonne National Laboratory was sponsored by the USEPA under an interagency agreement through U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. All postsimulation data analysis and preparation of graphics for this paper were done with R (R Development Core Team 2008). Anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments. NR 17 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 8 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9496 J9 J WATER RES PL-ASCE JI J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage.-ASCE PD JAN-FEB PY 2011 VL 137 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000084 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 696XH UT WOS:000285474200001 ER PT J AU Turek, NF Kasten, L Lytle, DA Goltz, MN AF Turek, Nadja F. Kasten, Linda Lytle, Darren A. Goltz, Mark N. TI Impact of plumbing age on copper levels in drinking water SO JOURNAL OF WATER SUPPLY RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-AQUA LA English DT Article DE copper; drinking water; plumbing age ID BY-PRODUCT RELEASE; NEUTRAL TAP WATER; DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEMS; CORROSION BEHAVIOR; ORGANIC-MATTER; LEAD; TEMPERATURE; INHIBITION; METALS; PH AB Theory and practical experiences suggest that higher copper levels in drinking water tap samples are typically associated with newer plumbing systems, and levels decrease with increasing plumbing age. Past researchers have developed a conceptual model to explain the 'aging effect' founded in the proposed evolution of copper(II) corrosion by-products on the pipe surface, based on theoretical considerations, anecdotal evidence and some data. In this study, the impact of plumbing age on copper levels in tap water samples and the internal surface corrosion of copper plumbing were systematically evaluated in 16 buildings with plumbing ages ranging from less than one to 44 years, using solids analysis approaches including XPS and XRD. Copper levels decreased with plumbing age and supported theory. A mix of stable and relatively unstable scales appeared on pipes, including cupric hydroxide, cuprite and malachite, although no obvious trend in scale composition with age was noted. C1 [Lytle, Darren A.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Turek, Nadja F.] Woolpert, Dayton, OH 45430 USA. [Kasten, Linda] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Goltz, Mark N.] USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Lytle, DA (reprint author), US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM lytle.darren@epa.gov OI Goltz, Mark/0000-0003-3601-6453 NR 48 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 21 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 0003-7214 J9 J WATER SUPPLY RES T JI J. Water Supply Res Technol.-Aqua PY 2011 VL 60 IS 1 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.2166/aqua.2011.014 PG 15 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 711LA UT WOS:000286591900001 ER PT B AU Murray, S Hertko, MD AF Murray, Sylvester Hertko, Mark D. BE Johnson, NJ Svara, JH TI Environmental Justice and Land Use Planning SO JUSTICE FOR ALL: PROMOTING SOCIAL EQUITY IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SE Transformational Trends in Governance and Democracy LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Murray, Sylvester] Savannah State Univ, Govt & Publ Adm, Savannah, GA 31404 USA. [Murray, Sylvester] SSU, Master Publ Adm Program, Savannah, GA USA. [Murray, Sylvester] Cleveland State Univ, Publ Management Program, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. [Murray, Sylvester] Cleveland State Univ, Levin Coll Urban Affairs, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. [Murray, Sylvester] Int City & Cty Management Assoc, Washington, DC USA. [Murray, Sylvester] Amer Soc Publ Adm, Washington, DC USA. [Murray, Sylvester] Natl Acad Publ Adm, Africa Working Grp, Washington, DC USA. [Hertko, Mark D.] Natl Acad Publ Adm, Washington, DC USA. [Hertko, Mark D.] NOAA, Dept Commerce, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Hertko, Mark D.] Natl Pk Serv, Dept Interior, Washington, DC 20240 USA. [Hertko, Mark D.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Hertko, Mark D.] US DOE, Off Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Murray, S (reprint author), Savannah State Univ, Govt & Publ Adm, Savannah, GA 31404 USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI ABINGDON PA 2 PARK SQ, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORD, ENGLAND BN 978-0-7656-3026-1; 978-1-317-46673-4; 978-0-7656-3025-4 J9 TRANSFORM TR GOV DEM PY 2011 BP 192 EP 206 PG 15 WC Public Administration SC Public Administration GA BF6MW UT WOS:000383343200011 ER PT J AU O'Connell, HA Rose, LJ Shams, AM Arduino, MJ Rice, EW AF O'Connell, H. A. Rose, L. J. Shams, A. M. Arduino, M. J. Rice, E. W. TI Chlorine disinfection of Francisella tularensis SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chlorine; disinfection; drinking water; Francisella tularensis; select agents; tularemia; waterborne illness ID STRAIN; TULAREMIA; SURVIVAL; AGENTS AB Aims: To determine the range of free available chlorine (FAC) required for disinfection of the live vaccine strain (LVS) and wild-type strains of Francisella tularensis. Methods and Results: Seven strains of planktonic F. tularensis were exposed to 0 center dot 5 mg center dot l-1 FAC for two pH values, 7 and 8, at 5 and 25 degrees C. LVS was inactivated 2 to 4 times more quickly than any of the wild-type F. tularensis strains at pH 8 and 5 degrees C. Conclusions: Free available chlorine residual concentrations routinely maintained in drinking water distribution systems would require up to two hours to reduce all F. tularensis strains by 4 log(10). LVS was inactivated most quickly of the tested strains. Significance and Impact of the Study: This work provides contact time (CT) values that are useful for drinking water risk assessment and also suggests that LVS may not be a good surrogate in disinfection studies. C1 [O'Connell, H. A.; Rose, L. J.; Shams, A. M.; Arduino, M. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rice, E. W.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP O'Connell, HA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-16, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ftw2@cdc.gov RI Arduino, Matthew/C-1461-2012 OI Arduino, Matthew/0000-0001-7072-538X FU EPA [92288001-1]; CDC [92288001-1] FX This research is made possible by an intra-agency agreement between the EPA and CDC, # 92288001-1. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the United States Environmental Protection Agency. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0266-8254 J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 52 IS 1 BP 84 EP 86 DI 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2010.02971.x PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 693DX UT WOS:000285205900013 PM 21189486 ER PT J AU Devereux, R Yates, DF Aukamp, J Quarles, RL Jordan, SJ Stanley, RS Eldridge, PM AF Devereux, Richard Yates, Diane F. Aukamp, Jessica Quarles, Robert L. Jordan, Stephen J. Stanley, Roman S. Eldridge, Peter M. TI Interactions of Thalassia testudinum and sediment biogeochemsistry in Santa Rosa Sound, NW Florida SO MARINE BIOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Biogeochemistry; seagrass; sediments; sulfate reduction ID SULFATE REDUCTION RATES; BANKS EX KONIG; ZOSTERA-MARINA; CARBONATE SEDIMENTS; SEAGRASS GROWTH; ORGANIC-MATTER; P RATIOS; SULFIDE; LIGHT; IRON AB Thalassia testudinum belowground biomass weights, leaf weights, leaf growth rates, areal shoot densities (m-2), and leaf C:N:P ratios were compared to a set of biogeochemical parameters to gain information on seagrass-sediment interactions that may influence seagrass growth. Data were compiled from three surveys conducted in Santa Rosa Sound, located in northwest Florida, at three different meadows in sequential years. Biomass measurements and leaf growth rates decreased between stations along transects from shallow to deeper water. Belowground biomass weights decreased and leaf C:P ratios increased with temperature reflecting a seasonal growth pattern. The T. testudinum parameters were highly correlated with each other. Sulfate reduction rates (at times exceeding 1000 nmol ml-1 day-1) were among the highest recorded for seagrass beds with temperature accounting for 79% of the variation. Even though sulfate reduction rates were high, total Fe:reduced S ratios indicated sufficient Fe to account for all reduced S as pyrite. Sediment Fe, C, N, and organic P concentrations increased with sediment depth, whereas inorganic P decreased with depth, suggesting burial of organic P and root uptake of inorganic P. Leaf C:N:P ratios indicated P-limited growth for two surveys. NH4 + was detected in water above the sediment surface during some surveys demonstrating T. testudinum meadows at times may serve as sources of inorganic N to the water column. Plant parameters correlated with concentrations of sediment organic C and N, Fe, S, and porewater NH4 +. These results highlight the importance of the organic matter and Fe contents of sediments to seagrass growth. C1 [Devereux, Richard] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Eldridge, Peter M.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, New Port, OR USA. RP Devereux, R (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM devereux.richard@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX We thank the GED field and dive teams for their assistance with sample collections; Jed Campbell, Will Davis, Peggy Harris, Becky Hemmer, Deborah Santavy, and Sherry Vickery; Brad Blackwell, and George Smith for additional technical support; and Paul Soderlind for preparation of figures. The information in this document has been funded wholly or in part by the US Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This is contribution no. 1344 from USEPA NHEERL Gulf Ecology Division. NR 48 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 17 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS AS PI OSLO PA KARL JOHANS GATE 5, NO-0154 OSLO, NORWAY SN 1745-1000 J9 MAR BIOL RES JI Mar. Biol. Res. PY 2011 VL 7 IS 4 BP 317 EP 331 AR PII 936414871 DI 10.1080/17451000.2010.515227 PG 15 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 751KR UT WOS:000289616900001 ER PT J AU MacArthur, LD Phillips, DL Hyndes, GA Hanson, CE Vanderklift, MA AF MacArthur, Lachlan D. Phillips, Donald L. Hyndes, Glenn A. Hanson, Christine E. Vanderklift, Mathew A. TI Habitat surrounding patch reefs influences the diet and nutrition of the western rock lobster SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article DE Stable isotope; Feeding; Landscape ecology; Seagrass; Mixing model; Panulirus cygnus ID PANULIRUS-CYGNUS GEORGE; ISOTOPE MIXING MODELS; PREDATOR PREY INTERACTIONS; SPINY LOBSTER; AMPHIBOLIS-GRIFFITHII; STABLE-ISOTOPES; SEAGRASS BED; POSIDONIA-AUSTRALIS; JASUS-EDWARDSII; CARBON ISOTOPES AB This study investigated the influence of the spatial arrangement of habitat patches on the diet and nutrition of a common reef-associated generalist consumer, the western rock lobster Panulirus cygnus. Stable isotopes (C-13/C-12 and N-15/N-14) and gut contents were used to assess diet and nutrition of lobsters collected from 8 shallow patch-reef sites on the lower west coast of Australia in April and October 2005. A distance-based linear model indicated that the predominant benthic habitat surrounding a reef (seagrass or macroalgae/sand-dominated) was an important source of variation in diet and nutrition, explaining significant (p < 0.01) variation in isotope signatures and gut contents of 52.7 and 7.0%, respectively. Mobile invertebrates, sessile filter feeders, coralline algae and seagrass were consumed by lobsters from all sites, but sessile filter feeders (sponges and colonial ascidians) were consumed in significantly greater volumes (p < 0.05) at macroalgae/sand-dominated sites (21.16 +/- 3.0%) than at seagrass-dominated sites (<= 6.1 +/- 1.08%). A modified mass balance mixing model (IsoSource), which factored in C:N ratios of food sources and lobster-specific delta C-13 and delta N-15 discrimination values, was used to determine the contribution of food sources to lobster nutrition. Articulated coralline red algae were an important source, especially from sites dominated by macroalgae and sand contributing 22-72% to nutrition. Bait potentially contributes up to similar to 30% of lobster muscle nutrition and therefore may also play an important nutritional role for lobsters in areas where lobster potting occurs. Macroalgae, rather than seagrass, appears the most likely autochthonous energy source driving P. cygnus production in shallow coastal waters; however, seagrass plays an important role as habitat for lobster prey. C1 [MacArthur, Lachlan D.; Hyndes, Glenn A.; Hanson, Christine E.] Edith Cowan Univ, Sch Nat Sci, Ctr Marine Ecosyst Res, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia. [Phillips, Donald L.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Vanderklift, Mathew A.] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Wembley, WA 6913, Australia. RP MacArthur, LD (reprint author), Sinclair Knight Merz, Floor Durack Ctr 11, 263 Adelaide Tce, Perth, WA 6000, Australia. EM lmacarthur@skm.com.au RI Vanderklift, Mathew/B-1003-2008 FU Edith Cowan University; Strategic Research Fund for the Marine Environment FX This paper has been subjected to the US Environmental Protection Agency's peer and administrative review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The authors gratefully acknowledge R. Babcock, K. & B. Cook, J. Eyres, E. Gates, S. Harrison, R. Kenna, M. Nyegaard, A. Tennyson and K. Waddington for assistance in the field and J. Tranter for the stable isotope analysis. The authors acknowledge the contributions of 2 anonymous reviewers, which improved the manuscript. Financial support for this study was provided by Edith Cowan University and the Strategic Research Fund for the Marine Environment. NR 70 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 27 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PY 2011 VL 436 BP 191 EP 205 DI 10.3354/meps09256 PG 15 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 816RM UT WOS:000294619800014 ER PT J AU Grear, JS Horowitz, DB Gutjahr-Gobell, R AF Grear, Jason S. Horowitz, Doranne Borsay Gutjahr-Gobell, Ruth TI Mysid population responses to resource limitation differ from those predicted by cohort studies SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article DE Inverse demography; Zooplankton; Population model; Cohort; Survival; Americamysis bahia ID OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; AMERICAMYSIS-BAHIA; TOXICITY; DYNAMICS AB Effects of anthropogenic stressors on animal populations are often evaluated by assembling vital rate responses from isolated cohort studies into a single demographic model. However, these models are difficult to translate into ecological predictions because stressor effects observed in isolated cohorts may differ from those occurring in populations with overlapping generations. This problem is evident in many areas of stressor-response research, including the burgeoning work on ocean acidification. To address this problem, we compared vital rates in experimental cohorts and populations of the mysid Americamysis bahia at 4 levels of resource limitation. This required development of a novel observational scheme that allows inverse estimation of stage-specific vital rates in mixed-age populations without the use of cohort isolation or marking. Using digitally imaged time series observations of stage abundances, the most strongly supported inverse models indicated opposing (i.e. compensatory) effects of resource limitation on adult survival and juvenile maturation. The model with adult survival response only (i.e. no compensation) was also strongly supported. This contrasts with cohort results, where feeding effects on fecundity were strongest. These results suggest that emphasis in stressor-response studies on early life stages and cohorts of uniformly aged individuals may miss important demographic responses and should be augmented by observations of intact populations, especially as methods such as ours become more available. C1 [Grear, Jason S.; Horowitz, Doranne Borsay; Gutjahr-Gobell, Ruth] US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Grear, JS (reprint author), US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM grear.jason@epa.gov FU EPA FX We thank J. Nye, S. Raimondo and A. Oczkowski for comments on an early version of the manuscript. K. McKeton, I. Kirby, E. Perkins, J. Pierce and P. Hackett also assisted in this work. This is contribution number AED-10-066 of the Atlantic Ecology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Although the research described in this article was funded by the EPA, it has not been subjected to agency review and does not necessarily reflect the views of the agency. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PY 2011 VL 432 BP 115 EP 123 DI 10.3354/meps09158 PG 9 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 784NE UT WOS:000292163200010 ER PT J AU Yee, SH Santavy, DL Kern, JW Hession, S AF Yee, Susan Harrell Santavy, Deborah L. Kern, John W. Hession, Sarah TI Consideration of species community composition in statistical analyses of coral disease risk SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article DE Coral; Disease; Bleaching; Community composition; Species distribution; Regression models ID BLACK-BAND DISEASE; GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; US VIRGIN-ISLANDS; FLORIDA-KEYS; SCLERACTINIAN CORAL; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; ACROPORA-PALMATA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WEST-INDIES; PATTERNS AB Diseases are increasing in marine ecosystems, and these increases have been attributed to a number of environmental factors including climate change, pollution, and overfishing. However, many studies pool disease prevalence into taxonomic groups, disregarding host-species composition when comparing sites or assessing environmental impacts on patterns of disease presence. We used simulated data under a known environmental effect to assess the ability of standard statistical methods (binomial and linear regression, ANOVA) to detect a significant environmental effect on pooled disease prevalence with varying species abundance distributions and relative susceptibilities to disease. When one species was more susceptible to a disease and both species only partially overlapped in their distributions, models tended to produce a greater number of false positives (Type I error). Differences in disease risk between regions or along an environmental gradient tended to be underestimated, or, even in the wrong direction, when highly susceptible taxa had reduced abundances in impacted sites, a situation likely to be common in nature. Including relative abundance as an additional variable in regressions improved model accuracy, but tended to be conservative, producing more false negatives (Type II error) when species abundance was strongly correlated with the environmental effect. An analysis of field data on bleaching from the Florida Keys, FL, USA, affirmed general results of model simulations. Investigators should be cautious of underlying assumptions about species similarity in susceptibility and species composition when interpreting pooled data on disease risk. C1 [Yee, Susan Harrell; Santavy, Deborah L.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Kern, John W.; Hession, Sarah] Kern Stat Serv Inc, Sauk Rapids, MN 56379 USA. RP Yee, SH (reprint author), US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM yee.susan@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA); NOAA FX We thank 3 anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on prior versions. Field data were collected under research permits to D. L. S, E. Mueller, and L. MacLaughlin by Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, Dry Tortugas National Park, and Biscayne National Park from 1998 to 2005. Ship support was provided by the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) (OSV 'Anderson') and the NOAA (RV 'Nancy Foster'). Field support was provided by: J. Campbell, L. MacLaughlin, E. Mueller, J. Patrick, M. Parsons, R. Quarles, and others. This paper has been re viewed in accordance with the US EPA's peer and administrative review policies and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This is Contribution Number 1410 from the Gulf Ecology Division. NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 15 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PY 2011 VL 431 BP 83 EP 96 DI 10.3354/meps09135 PG 14 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 781SF UT WOS:000291953100007 ER PT S AU Ralston-Hooper, K Jannasch, A Adamec, J Sepulveda, M AF Ralston-Hooper, Kimberly Jannasch, Amber Adamec, Jiri Sepulveda, Maria BE Metz, TO TI The Use of Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (GC x GC-TOF-MS) for Metabolomic Analysis of Polar Metabolites SO METABOLIC PROFILING: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Two-dimensional gas chromatography; time of flight; mass spectrometry ID METHODOLOGIES; SPECTROSCOPY; ALGORITHM; DISCOVERY; LIVER; FISH AB Metabolites produced by an organism can be quite extensive, and one analytical technique alone is not capable of their comprehensive detection and identification. The majority of environmental metabolomic studies have implemented proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H-1-NMR) spectroscopy with little attention given to mass spectrometry (MS) techniques. In this chapter, an analytical technique is outlined that incorporates two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight MS (GC x GC-TOF-MS) for the identification and quantification of polar metabolites. C1 [Ralston-Hooper, Kimberly] CNR, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA USA. [Ralston-Hooper, Kimberly] US EPA, Athens, GA USA. [Jannasch, Amber] Purdue Univ, Bindley Biosci Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Adamec, Jiri] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biochem, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Sepulveda, Maria] Purdue Univ, Dept Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Ralston-Hooper, K (reprint author), CNR, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA USA. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 9 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-61737-984-0 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2011 VL 708 BP 205 EP 211 DI 10.1007/978-1-61737-985-7_12 D2 10.1007/978-1-61737-985-7 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BTC97 UT WOS:000286532100013 PM 21207292 ER PT J AU Ginsberg, G Angle, K Guyton, K Sonawane, B AF Ginsberg, Gary Angle, Kenneth Guyton, Kathryn Sonawane, Babasaheb TI Polymorphism in the DNA repair enzyme XRCC1: Utility of current database and implications for human health risk assessment SO MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Genetic polymorphism; XRCC1; DNA repair; Toxicodynamic modeling; Risk assessment ID BASE-EXCISION-REPAIR; BREAST-CANCER RISK; SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA; SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGE; LUNG-CANCER; GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS; BLADDER-CANCER; MUTAGEN SENSITIVITY; CHINESE POPULATION AB Genetic polymorphisms are increasingly recognized as sources of variability not only in toxicokinetic but also in toxicodynamic response to environmental agents. XRCC1 is involved in base excision repair (BER) of DNA; it has variant genotypes that are associated with modified repair function. This analysis focuses on four polymorphisms: three in the coding region that affect protein structure and one in an upstream regulatory sequence that affects gene expression. The Arg399Gln variant is the most widely studied with evidence supporting a quantitative effect of genotype on phenotype. The homozygous variant (Gln/Gln) can have 3-4-fold diminished capacity to remove DNA adducts and oxidized DNA damage. This variant is relatively common in Caucasians and Asians where approximately 10% are homozygous variant. In contrast, the Arg194Trp variant appears to protect against genotoxic effects although the degree to which DNA repair is enhanced by this polymorphism is uncertain. The homozygous variant is rare in Caucasians and African Americans but it is present at 7% in Asians. A third coding region polymorphism at codon 280 appears to decrease repair function but additional quantitative information is needed and the homozygous variant is rare across populations studied. A polymorphism in an upstream promoter binding sequence (-77T > C) appears to lower XRCC1 levels by decreasing gene expression. Based upon genotype effect on phenotype and allele frequency, the current analysis finds that the codon 399 and upstream (-77) polymorphisms have the greatest potential to affect the toxicodynamic response to DNA damaging agents. However, the implications for risk assessment are limited by the likelihood that polymorphisms in multiple BER genes interact to modulate DNA repair. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ginsberg, Gary] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Hartford, CT USA. [Angle, Kenneth] Univ Connecticut, Sch Publ Hlth, Farmington, CT USA. [Guyton, Kathryn; Sonawane, Babasaheb] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Ginsberg, G (reprint author), Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Hartford, CT USA. EM gary.ginsberg@ct.gov NR 105 TC 41 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1383-5742 J9 MUTAT RES-REV MUTAT JI Mutat. Res.-Rev. Mutat. Res. PD JAN-APR PY 2011 VL 727 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.1016/j.mrrev.2011.02.001 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 772NJ UT WOS:000291240300001 PM 21352951 ER PT J AU Gwinn, MR Johns, DO Bateson, TF Guyton, KZ AF Gwinn, Maureen R. Johns, Douglas O. Bateson, Thomas F. Guyton, Kathryn Z. TI A review of the genotoxicity of 1,2-dichloroethane (EDC) SO MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE 1,2-Dichloroethane; Genotoxicity; Mutagenicity ID GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE; HALOGENATED ALIPHATIC-HYDROCARBONS; TEXAS CHEMICAL-PLANT; DNA COVALENT BINDING; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE; CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS; PETROCHEMICAL WORKERS; INVIVO GENOTOXICITY AB 1,2-Dichloroethane (EDC, CAS#107-06-2) is a high production volume halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon that is used mainly in the manufacture of vinyl chloride. EDC has been found in ambient and residential air samples, as well as in groundwater, surface water and drinking water. EDC has been well-studied in a variety of genotoxicity assays, and appears to involve the metabolic activation of the parent compound. We critically evaluated the genotoxicity data of EDC and its metabolites as part of an evaluation of carcinogenic mechanisms of action of EDC. EDC is genotoxic in multiple test systems via multiple routes of exposure. EDC has been shown to induce DNA adduct formation, gene mutations and chromosomal aberrations in the presence of key activation enzymes (including CYP4505 and/or GSTs) in laboratory animal and in vitro studies. EDC was negative for clastogenesis as measured by the micronucleus assay in mice. In general, an increased level of DNA damage is observed related to the GSH-dependent bioactivation of EDC. Increased chromosomal aberrations with increased CYP450 expression were suggestive of a role for the oxidative metabolites of EDC in inducing chromosomal damage. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that EDC exposure, in the presence of key enzymes (including CYP4505 and/or GSTs), leads to DNA adduct formation, gene mutations and chromosomal aberrations. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gwinn, Maureen R.; Bateson, Thomas F.; Guyton, Kathryn Z.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Johns, Douglas O.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Gwinn, MR (reprint author), 1200 Penn Ave NW,MC-8623-P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM gwinn.maureen@epa.gov NR 120 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1383-5742 J9 MUTAT RES-REV MUTAT JI Mutat. Res.-Rev. Mutat. Res. PD JAN-APR PY 2011 VL 727 IS 1-2 BP 42 EP 53 DI 10.1016/j.mrrev.2011.01.001 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 772NJ UT WOS:000291240300003 PM 21255676 ER PT J AU Kou, JH Bennett-Stamper, C Varma, RS AF Kou, Jiahui Bennett-Stamper, Christina Varma, Rajender S. TI Hierarchically triangular prism structured Co3O4: self-supported fabrication and photocatalytic property SO NANOSCALE LA English DT Article ID HYDROTALCITE-LIKE COMPOUNDS; ION BATTERY ELECTRODES; COBALT OXIDE; GAS SENSORS; HYDROXIDE; NANOSTRUCTURES; PRECURSOR; ROUTE; SHAPE; NANOCRYSTALS AB The formation of ammonium cobalt(II) phosphate was utilized to synthesize unprecedented 3D structures of Co3O4, triangular prisms, via a self-supported and organics-free method. The structure is shaped by stacking hundreds of small nanoplatelets; diameters and thicknesses of platelets are similar to 100 nm and similar to 20 nm, respectively. C1 [Kou, Jiahui; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Bennett-Stamper, Christina] US EPA, Water Supply Water Resources Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Varma.Rajender@epa.gov NR 29 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 6 U2 55 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2040-3364 J9 NANOSCALE JI Nanoscale PY 2011 VL 3 IS 12 BP 4958 EP 4961 DI 10.1039/c1nr10826c PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 855ST UT WOS:000297585500010 ER PT J AU Carey, AM Norton, GJ Deacon, C Scheckel, KG Lombi, E Punshon, T Guerinot, ML Lanzirotti, A Newville, M Choi, YS Price, AH Meharg, AA AF Carey, Anne-Marie Norton, Gareth J. Deacon, Claire Scheckel, Kirk G. Lombi, Enzo Punshon, Tracy Guerinot, Mary Lou Lanzirotti, Antonio Newville, Matt Choi, Yongseong Price, Adam H. Meharg, Andrew A. TI Phloem transport of arsenic species from flag leaf to grain during grain filling SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE arsenic; grain filling; phloem; rice; translocation ID RICE CULTIVARS; PADDY RICE; ACCUMULATION; SPECIATION; PLANTS; WHEAT; TRANSLOCATION; LOCALIZATION; SILICON; BARLEY AB Strategies to reduce arsenic (As) in rice grain, below concentrations that represent a serious human health concern, require that the mechanisms of As accumulation within grain be established. Therefore, retranslocation of As species from flag leaves into filling rice grain was investigated. Arsenic species were delivered through cut flag leaves during grain fill. Spatial unloading within grains was investigated using synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (SXRF) microtomography. Additionally, the effect of germanic acid (a silicic acid analog) on grain As accumulation in arsenite-treated panicles was examined. Dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) and monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) were extremely efficiently retranslocated from flag leaves to rice grain; arsenate was poorly retranslocated, and was rapidly reduced to arsenite within flag leaves; arsenite displayed no retranslocation. Within grains, DMA rapidly dispersed while MMA and inorganic As remained close to the entry point. Germanic acid addition did not affect grain As in arsenite-treated panicles. Three-dimensional SXRF microtomography gave further information on arsenite localization in the ovular vascular trace (OVT) of rice grains. These results demonstrate that inorganic As is poorly remobilized, while organic species are readily remobilized, from leaves to grain. Stem translocation of inorganic As may not rely solely on silicic acid transporters. C1 [Carey, Anne-Marie; Norton, Gareth J.; Deacon, Claire; Price, Adam H.; Meharg, Andrew A.] Univ Aberdeen, Inst Biol & Environm Sci, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, Scotland. [Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. [Lombi, Enzo] Univ S Australia, Ctr Environm Risk Assessment & Remediat, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia. [Punshon, Tracy; Guerinot, Mary Lou] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Lanzirotti, Antonio; Newville, Matt; Choi, Yongseong] Univ Chicago, Ctr Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Meharg, AA (reprint author), Univ Aberdeen, Inst Biol & Environm Sci, Cruickshank Bldg,St Machar Dr, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, Scotland. EM a.meharg@abdn.ac.uk RI Norton, Gareth/D-7512-2012; Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009; Lombi, Enzo/F-3860-2013; Meharg, Andrew/F-8182-2014; OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241; Lombi, Enzo/0000-0003-3384-0375; Meharg, Andrew/0000-0003-2019-0449; Carey, Anne-Marie/0000-0001-6409-6580; Norton, Gareth/0000-0003-4560-170X FU Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P42 ES007373-14]; National Science Foundation - Earth Sciences [EAR-0622171]; Department of Energy - Geosciences [DE-FG02-94ER14466, DE-FG02-92ER14244]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; DOE - Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Environmental Remediation Sciences Div. [DE-FC09-96-SR18546]; DOE [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; US Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX This work was supported by a Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council Doctoral Training Grant and by grants from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Superfund Research Program (grant no. P42 ES007373-14) to T. P. and M. L. G. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of NIH. Portions of this work were performed at GeoSoilEnviroCARS (Sector 13), Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. GeoSoilEnviroCARS is supported by the National Science Foundation - Earth Sciences (EAR-0622171) and Department of Energy - Geosciences (DE-FG02-94ER14466). Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. A portion of this work was performed at Beamline X26A, National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS), Brookhaven National Laboratory. X26A is supported by the Department of Energy (DOE) - Geosciences (DE-FG02-92ER14244 to The University of Chicago - CARS) and DOE - Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Environmental Remediation Sciences Div. (DE-FC09-96-SR18546 to the University of Kentucky). Use of the NSLS was supported by DOE under contract no. DE-AC02-98CH10886. The US Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed a portion of the research; it has not been subject to Agency review and, therefore, does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, no official product endorsement should be inferred. We would like to express our sincere gratitude to Norman Little and Dave Hadwen of the University of Aberdeen and to all the staff of Sector 13 at the APS for their support. NR 44 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 7 U2 75 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PY 2011 VL 192 IS 1 BP 87 EP 98 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03789.x PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 815VZ UT WOS:000294559400009 PM 21658183 ER PT J AU Londo, JP Bollman, MA Sagers, CL Lee, EH Watrud, LS AF Londo, Jason P. Bollman, Michael A. Sagers, Cynthia L. Lee, E. Henry Watrud, Lidia S. TI Glyphosate-drift but not herbivory alters the rate of transgene flow from single and stacked trait transgenic canola (Brassica napus) to nontransgenic B. napus and B. rapa SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Brassica; canola; CP4 EPSPS; Cry1Ac; glyphosate resistance; lepidopteran resistance; transgene flow ID HERBICIDE-RESISTANT CANOLA; GENE FLOW; OILSEED RAPE; POLLEN VIABILITY; WILD RELATIVES; MALE-STERILITY; HYBRIDIZATION; FITNESS; FIELDS; CROPS AB Transgenic plants can offer agricultural benefits, but the escape of transgenes is an environmental concern. In this study we tested the hypothesis that glyphosate drift and herbivory selective pressures can change the rate of transgene flow between the crop Brassica napus (canola), and weedy species and contribute to the potential for increased transgene escape risk and persistence outside of cultivation. We constructed plant communities containing single transgenic B. napus genotypes expressing glyphosate herbicide resistance (CP4 EPSPS), lepidopteran insect resistance (Cry1Ac), or both traits ('stacked'), plus nontransgenic B. napus, Brassica rapa and Brassica nigra. Two different selective pressures, a sublethal glyphosate dose and lepidopteran herbivores (Plutella xylostella), were applied and rates of transgene flow and transgenic seed production were measured. Selective treatments differed in the degree in which they affected gene flow and production of transgenic hybrid seed. Most notably, glyphosate-drift increased the incidence of transgenic seeds on nontransgenic B. napus by altering flowering phenology and reproductive function. The findings of this study indicate that transgenic traits may be transmitted to wild populations and may increase in frequency in weedy populations through the direct and indirect effects of selection pressures on gene flow. C1 [Londo, Jason P.] CNR, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Bollman, Michael A.; Lee, E. Henry; Watrud, Lidia S.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Londo, Jason P.; Sagers, Cynthia L.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Londo, JP (reprint author), CNR, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM jlondo@uark.edu FU US Environmental Protection Agency; USDA CREES NRI [35615-19216] FX We acknowledge horticultural and technical support provided by George King, Milt Plocher, Marjorie Storm, Gail Heine and Fred Senecal (Dynamac Corporation). We thank Dr Neal Stewart Jr for providing the original B. napus insect-resistant B. napus cv TnWestar genotype. The information in this document has been funded in part by the US Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency; neither does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. A portion of this work was completed with funding from USDA CREES NRI 35615-19216 for CLS. NR 50 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PY 2011 VL 191 IS 3 BP 840 EP 849 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03706.x PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 794TQ UT WOS:000292924600022 PM 21443650 ER PT J AU Brooks, JR Mitchell, AK AF Brooks, J. Renee Mitchell, Alan K. TI Interpreting tree responses to thinning and fertilization using tree-ring stable isotopes SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE canopy microclimate; carbon isotopes; fertilization; growth dynamics; leaf nitrogen; oxygen isotopes; Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas-fir); thinning ID WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; FOLIAR NITROGEN CONCENTRATION; SOUTHERN UNITED-STATES; MENZIESII VAR. GLAUCA; DOUGLAS-FIR; PINUS-PONDEROSA; GROWTH-RESPONSE; CARBON ISOTOPES; OXYGEN; DISCRIMINATION AB P>Carbon sequestration has focused renewed interest in understanding how forest management affects forest carbon gain over timescales of decades, and yet details of the physiological mechanisms over decades are often lacking for understanding long-term growth responses to management. Here, we examined tree-ring growth patterns and stable isotopes of cellulose (delta 13C(cell) and delta 18O(cell)) in a thinning and fertilization controlled experiment where growth increased substantially in response to treatments to elucidate physiological data and to test the dual isotope approach for uses in other locations. delta 13C(cell) and delta 18O(cell) results indicated that fertilization caused an increase in intrinsic water-use efficiency through increases in photosynthesis (A) for the first 3 yr. The combination treatment caused a much larger increase in A and water-use efficiency. Only the thinning treatments showed consistent significant increases in delta 18O(cell) above controls. Changes in canopy microclimate are the likely drivers for delta 18O(cell) increases with decreases in relative humidity and increases in leaf temperature associated with thinning being the most probable causes. Tree-ring isotopic records, particularly delta 13C(cell), remain a viable way to reconstruct long-term physiological mechanisms affecting tree carbon gain in response to management and climate fluctuations. C1 [Brooks, J. Renee] US EPA, NHEERL, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Mitchell, Alan K.] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Canadian Wood Fibre Ctr, Victoria, BC, Canada. RP Brooks, JR (reprint author), US EPA, NHEERL, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM brooks.reneej@epa.gov OI Brooks, Renee/0000-0002-5008-9774 FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX We dedicate this manuscript to the memory of Holger Brix whose foresight and research into physiological mechanisms behind tree responses to thinning and fertilization made this study possible. This work was supported by the US Environmental Protection Agency. This manuscript has been subjected to the Environmental Protection Agency's peer and administrative review, and it has been approved for publication as an EPA document. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This research was conducted at the Shawnigan Lake Research Site established and maintained by Canadian Forestry Service since 1971. Special thanks go to Tom Bown and Graeme Goodmanson for their assistance tracking and sending samples, and accessing historical data at this site. We thank Ross Benton for maintaining long-term forest microclimate measurements. We would also like to thank Warren Evans for sample processing and William Rugh for isotopic analysis. Thanks to Ansgar Kahmen, Steve Voelker, John Roden, and Bob Ozretich who provided comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. NR 47 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 9 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PY 2011 VL 190 IS 3 BP 770 EP 782 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03627.x PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 751TX UT WOS:000289641600026 PM 21284649 ER PT J AU Bandele, OJ Wang, XT Campbell, MR Pittman, GS Bell, DA AF Bandele, Omari J. Wang, Xuting Campbell, Michelle R. Pittman, Gary S. Bell, Douglas A. TI Human single-nucleotide polymorphisms alter p53 sequence-specific binding at gene regulatory elements SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BREAST-CANCER CELLS; TRANSCRIPTION-FACTOR; DNA-DAMAGE; HUMAN GENOME; RESPONSE-ELEMENTS; PROMOTER; SITES; EXPRESSION; NETWORK; TARGETS AB p53 coordinates the expression of an intricate network of genes in response to stress signals. Sequence-specific DNA binding is essential for p53-mediated tumor suppression. We evaluated the impact of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in p53 response elements (p53RE) on DNA binding and gene expression in response to DNA damage. Using a bioinformatics approach based on incorporating p53 binding strength into a position weight matrix, we selected 32 SNPs in putative and validated p53REs. The microsphere assay for protein-DNA binding (MAPD) and allele-specific expression analysis was employed to assess the impact of SNPs on p53-DNA binding and gene expression, respectively. Comparing activated p53 binding in nuclear extracts from doxorubicin- or ionizing radiation (IR)-treated human cells, we observed little difference in binding profiles. Significant p53 binding was observed for most polymorphic REs and several displayed binding comparable to the p21 RE. SNP alleles predicted to lower p53 binding indeed reduced binding in 25 of the 32 sequences. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing in lymphoblastoid cells confirmed p53 binding to seven polymorphic p53 REs in response to doxorubicin. In addition, five polymorphisms were associated with altered gene expression following doxorubicin treatment. Our findings demonstrate an effective strategy to identify and evaluate SNPs that may alter p53-mediated stress responses. C1 [Bandele, Omari J.; Wang, Xuting; Campbell, Michelle R.; Pittman, Gary S.; Bell, Douglas A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Environm Genom Grp, Mol Genet Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Bell, DA (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Environm Genom Grp, Mol Genet Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM bell1@niehs.nih.gov OI Wang, Xuting/0000-0001-6781-8008 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health [ZO1-ES-100475-M-0001, ZO1-ES065079-15]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX The Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (ZO1-ES-100475-M-0001 and ZO1-ES065079-15). Funding for open access charge: The Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 54 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 39 IS 1 BP 178 EP 189 DI 10.1093/nar/gkq764 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 703VD UT WOS:000286008500019 PM 20817676 ER PT S AU Heindel, JJ AF Heindel, Jerrold J. BE Lustig, RH TI The Obesogen Hypothesis of Obesity: Overview and Human Evidence SO OBESITY BEFORE BIRTH: MATERNAL AND PRENATAL INFLUENCES ON THE OFFSPRING SE Endocrine Updates LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MATERNAL SMOKING; INTRAUTERINE EXPOSURE; DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS; METABOLIC SYNDROME; CHILD OVERWEIGHT; PREGNANCY; HEALTH; FETAL; FRUCTOSE; DISEASE C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Extramural Res & Training, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Heindel, JJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Extramural Res & Training, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM heindelj@niehs.nih.gov NR 46 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 1566-0729 BN 978-1-4419-7033-6 J9 ENDOCR UPDAT PY 2011 BP 355 EP 365 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7034-3_17 D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-7034-3 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA BRK21 UT WOS:000282900300017 ER PT J AU Nichols, WJ AF Nichols, William J. BE Fingas, M TI The United States Environmental Protection Agency: National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan, Subpart J Product Schedule (40 Code of Federal Regulations 300.900) SO OIL SPILL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: PREVENTION, RESPONSE, AND CLEANUP LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Nichols, William J.] US EPA, OEM, Washington, DC USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GULF PROFESSIONAL PUBL PI OXFORD PA C/O ELSEVIER LINACRE HOUSE JORDAN HILL, OXFORD, 0X2 8DP, ENGLAND BN 978-1-85617-944-7 PY 2011 BP 673 EP 682 DI 10.1016/B978-1-85617-943-0.10020-6 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BGM65 UT WOS:000323513500021 ER PT S AU Moore, MT Kroger, R Farris, JL Locke, MA Bennett, ER Denton, DL Cooper, CM AF Moore, M. T. Kroeger, R. Farris, J. L. Locke, M. A. Bennett, E. R. Denton, D. L. Cooper, C. M. BE Goh, KS Bret, BL Potter, TL Gan, J TI From Vegetated Ditches to Rice Fields: Thinking Outside the Box for Pesticide Mitigation SO PESTICIDE MITIGATION STRATEGIES FOR SURFACE WATER QUALITY SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 239th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 21-25, 2010 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Chem Educ, Amer Chem Soc, Div Carbohydrate Chem, Amer Chem Soc, Sustainable Theme Comm, Amer Sugar Cane League, V Lab Inc, Amer Chem Soc ID CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; AGRICULTURAL RUNOFF; DRAINAGE DITCHES; MISSISSIPPI DELTA; ATRAZINE AB Pesticide contamination of surface waters has been a global concern for decades. In agricultural areas, pesticides enter receiving waters through irrigation and storm runoff, spray drift, or even atmospheric deposition. Management practices incorporating vegetation and phytoremediation have demonstrated success in reducing pesticide loads to rivers, lakes, and streams. This chapter will focus on a variety of vegetative management practices (e.g. constructed wetlands, drainage ditches, and rice fields) which have been studied in the intensively cultivated Mississippi Delta. Summaries of research results will be presented, as well as potential future directions for additional research. C1 [Moore, M. T.; Locke, M. A.; Cooper, C. M.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Kroeger, R.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Farris, J. L.] Arkansas State Univ, Arkansas Biosci Inst, State Univ, AR 72467 USA. [Bennett, E. R.] Bioengn Grp, Salem, MA 01970 USA. [Denton, D. L.] US Environm Protect Agcy, Region 9, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. RP Moore, MT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM matt.moore@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-2656-2 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2011 VL 1075 BP 29 EP + PG 3 WC Agricultural Engineering; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA BDF53 UT WOS:000313022200002 ER PT S AU David, N Thomas, F Denton, D AF David, Nicole Thomas, Fred Denton, Debra BE Goh, KS Bret, BL Potter, TL Gan, J TI Comparison of Pesticide Runoff from Organic and Conventional Walnut Orchards SO PESTICIDE MITIGATION STRATEGIES FOR SURFACE WATER QUALITY SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 239th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 21-25, 2010 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Chem Educ, Amer Chem Soc, Div Carbohydrate Chem, Amer Chem Soc, Sustainable Theme Comm, Amer Sugar Cane League, V Lab Inc, Amer Chem Soc DE organophosphate pesticides; pyrethroids; agricultural runoff; organic; walnuts ID PYRETHROIDS; CALIFORNIA AB Contamination from pesticide and nutrient applications to orchard crops is a major water quality issue in California. The goals of this study were to compare pesticide concentrations in water and sediment in runoff from organic and conventional walnut orchards and to compare the observed concentrations to water quality criteria and aquatic life benchmarks. Water and sediment samples were collected from five orchards over two years. Slightly lower, but not significantly different, pesticide concentrations for several pesticides (chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dimethoate, lambda-cyhalothrin, and esfenvalerate) in runoff from organic orchards were measured compared to the conventional orchards. Average concentrations of bifenthrin in sediment were statistically significantly lower (p < 0.05) at the organic sites compared to the conventional sites. This work indicates that BMP implementation and organic farming practices are effective in minimizing concentrations of pesticides in orchard runoff. C1 [David, Nicole] San Francisco Estuary Inst, 7770 Pardee Lane,2nd Floor, Oakland, CA 94621 USA. [Thomas, Fred] CERUS Consulting, Chico, CA 95926 USA. [Denton, Debra] US Environm Protect Agcy, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. RP David, N (reprint author), San Francisco Estuary Inst, 7770 Pardee Lane,2nd Floor, Oakland, CA 94621 USA. EM nicoled@sfei.org NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-2656-2 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2011 VL 1075 BP 129 EP + PG 2 WC Agricultural Engineering; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA BDF53 UT WOS:000313022200009 ER PT S AU Luo, YZ Williams, WM Young, DF Watanabe, H Boulange, J Ritter, AM Phong, TK AF Luo, Yuzhou Williams, W. Martin Young, Dirk F. Watanabe, Hirozumi Boulange, Julien Ritter, Amy M. Thai Khanh Phong BE Goh, KS Bret, BL Potter, TL Gan, J TI Modeling Approaches for Pesticide Exposure Assessment in Rice Paddies SO PESTICIDE MITIGATION STRATEGIES FOR SURFACE WATER QUALITY SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 239th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 21-25, 2010 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Chem Educ, Amer Chem Soc, Div Carbohydrate Chem, Amer Chem Soc, Sustainable Theme Comm, Amer Sugar Cane League, V Lab Inc, Amer Chem Soc ID IV FUGACITY MODEL; MANAGEMENT PRACTICE; RISK-ASSESSMENT; VADOFT MODEL; SIMULATION-MODEL; SURFACE SOIL; WATER; FATE; RUNOFF; FIELDS AB Pesticide use in paddy rice production may contribute to adverse ecological effects in surface waters. Risk assessments conducted for regulatory purposes depend on the use of simulation models to determine predicted environment concentrations (PEC) of pesticides. Often tiered approaches are used, in which assessments at lower tiers are based on relatively simple models with conservative scenarios, while those at higher tiers have more realistic representations of physical and biochemical processes. This chapter reviews models commonly used for predicting the environmental fate of pesticides in rice paddies. Theoretical considerations, unique features, and applications are discussed. This review is expected to provide information to guide model selection for pesticide registration, regulation, and mitigation in rice production areas. C1 [Luo, Yuzhou] Calif Environm Protect Agcy, Dept Pesticide Regulat, Sacramento, CA 95812 USA. [Williams, W. Martin; Ritter, Amy M.] Waterborne Environm Inc, Leesburg, VA 20175 USA. [Young, Dirk F.] Off Pesticides, US Environm Protect Agcy, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Watanabe, Hirozumi; Boulange, Julien] Tokyo Univ Agr & Technol, Fuchu, Tokyo 1838509, Japan. [Thai Khanh Phong] Univ Queensland, Natl Res Ctr Environm Toxicol, Brisbane, Qld 4108, Australia. RP Luo, YZ (reprint author), Calif Environm Protect Agcy, Dept Pesticide Regulat, Sacramento, CA 95812 USA. EM yluo@cdpr.ca.gov RI Thai, Phong/A-3998-2011; OI Thai, Phong/0000-0003-0042-3057; Luo, Yuzhou/0000-0003-0879-9622 NR 63 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-2656-2 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2011 VL 1075 BP 203 EP + PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA BDF53 UT WOS:000313022200014 ER PT S AU Moran, KD TenBrook, PL AF Moran, Kelly D. TenBrook, Patti L. BE Goh, KS Bret, BL Potter, TL Gan, J TI Sources of Pyrethroid Insecticides in California's Urban Watersheds: A Conceptual Model SO PESTICIDE MITIGATION STRATEGIES FOR SURFACE WATER QUALITY SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 239th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 21-25, 2010 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Chem Educ, Amer Chem Soc, Div Carbohydrate Chem, Amer Chem Soc, Sustainable Theme Comm, Amer Sugar Cane League, V Lab Inc, Amer Chem Soc ID RESOLUTION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SEDIMENT TOXICITY; PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE; PESTICIDES; USA; WATERWAYS; ESTUARY; CREEKS AB Pyrethroid insecticides have been linked to widespread aquatic toxicity in California's urban watersheds. To assist with the identification of the specific applications or activities linked to pyrethroids discharges, a conceptual model of the transport of pyrethroids from urban areas to surface waters was developed. This model is based on a review of scientific and engineering literature, pesticide product labels, California pesticide sales and reported use data, pesticide user surveys, and unpublished data from municipal urban runoff programs and municipal wastewater treatment plants. The conceptual model categorizes urban pesticide use patterns and disposal practices, and identifies pathways linking pesticide applications with surface waters. The model assumes that the bulk of pesticide applications are made to sites specified on product labels, but considers both legal and illegal disposal practices. The model was developed to serve as a tool to prioritize further investigations of use patterns, formulations, and transport mechanisms, and to develop measures to prevent and respond to water quality and compliance problems associated with urban pyrethroid use. C1 [Moran, Kelly D.] TDC Environm LLC, 4020 Bayview Ave, San Mateo, CA 94403 USA. [TenBrook, Patti L.] US Environm Protect Agcy, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. RP Moran, KD (reprint author), TDC Environm LLC, 4020 Bayview Ave, San Mateo, CA 94403 USA. EM kmoran@tdcenvironmental.com FU California Stormwater Quality Association; American Recovery and Reinvestment Act; Clean Water State Revolving Fund through California State Water Resources Control Board FX Development of this conceptual model was made possible in part by funding from the California Stormwater Quality Association and a grant from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 and the Clean Water State Revolving Fund through the California State Water Resources Control Board and the San Francisco Estuary Partnership. The contents of this document do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the funding organizations. Although this chapter has been reviewed and approved in accordance with U.S. EPA requirements, its contents do not necessarily reflect U.S. EPA views or policy. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Special thanks to Dr. Gail Chesler for her peer review of the wastewater portion of the model. NR 67 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-2656-2 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2011 VL 1075 BP 287 EP + PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA BDF53 UT WOS:000313022200018 ER PT J AU Moser, VC AF Moser, Virginia C. BE Stoytcheva, M TI Age-Related Differences in Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition Produced by Organophosphorus and N-Methyl Carbamate Pesticides SO PESTICIDES IN THE MODERN WORLD - PESTS CONTROL AND PESTICIDES EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GENDER-RELATED DIFFERENCES; ADULT-RATS; IN-VITRO; ESTERASE-ACTIVITIES; ORAL CHLORPYRIFOS; ACUTE TOXICITY; TIME-COURSE; CHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; DOSE-RESPONSE C1 [Moser, Virginia C.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, NHEERL ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Moser, VC (reprint author), US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, NHEERL ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTECH EUROPE PI RIJEKA PA JANEZA TRDINE9, RIJEKA, 51000, CROATIA BN 978-953-307-457-3 PY 2011 BP 495 EP 506 D2 10.5772/948 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA BG1KN UT WOS:000386855800023 ER PT J AU Zepp, RG Erickson, DJ Paul, ND Sulzberger, B AF Zepp, R. G. Erickson, D. J., III Paul, N. D. Sulzberger, B. TI Effects of solar UV radiation and climate change on biogeochemical cycling: interactions and feedbacks SO PHOTOCHEMICAL & PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Review ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; CARBON-MONOXIDE PHOTOPRODUCTION; METHYL-BROMIDE ALTERNATIVES; PLANT LITTER DECOMPOSITION; ULTRAVIOLET-B RADIATION; COASTAL SALT-MARSH; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; METHANE EMISSIONS; TERRESTRIAL PLANTS; SURFACE WATERS AB Solar UV radiation, climate and other drivers of global change are undergoing significant changes and models forecast that these changes will continue for the remainder of this century. Here we assess the effects of solar UV radiation on biogeochemical cycles and the interactions of these effects with climate change, including feedbacks on climate. Such interactions occur in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. While there is significant uncertainty in the quantification of these effects, they could accelerate the rate of atmospheric CO2 increase and subsequent climate change beyond current predictions. The effects of predicted changes in climate and solar UV radiation on carbon cycling in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems are expected to vary significantly between regions. The balance of positive and negative effects on terrestrial carbon cycling remains uncertain, but the interactions between UV radiation and climate change are likely to contribute to decreasing sink strength in many oceanic regions. Interactions between climate and solar UV radiation will affect cycling of elements other than carbon, and so will influence the concentration of greenhouse and ozone-depleting gases. For example, increases in oxygen-deficient regions of the ocean caused by climate change are projected to enhance the emissions of nitrous oxide, an important greenhouse and ozone-depleting gas. Future changes in UV-induced transformations of aquatic and terrestrial contaminants could have both beneficial and adverse effects. Taken in total, it is clear that the future changes in UV radiation coupled with human-caused global change will have large impacts on biogeochemical cycles at local, regional and global scales. C1 [Zepp, R. G.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Erickson, D. J., III] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Computat Earth Sci Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Paul, N. D.] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England. [Sulzberger, B.] Swiss Fed Inst Aquat Sci & Technol Eawag, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland. RP Zepp, RG (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM zepp.richard@epa.gov RI Paul, Nigel/E-5350-2014 OI Paul, Nigel/0000-0001-6959-4239 NR 238 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 4 U2 69 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1474-905X EI 1474-9092 J9 PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI JI Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. PY 2011 VL 10 IS 2 BP 261 EP 279 DI 10.1039/c0pp90037k PG 19 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry, Physical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry GA 714UV UT WOS:000286835400005 PM 21253663 ER PT B AU Brandesi, W Themelis, NJ AF Brandesi, William (Rick) Themelis, Nickolas J. GP ASME TI MATERIALS AND ENERGY RECOVERY FROM MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE: WHY THEY ARE BOTH NEEDED SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 19TH ANNUAL NORTH AMERICAN WASTE TO ENERGY CONFERENCE, NAWTEC19: ADVANCING WASTE TO ENERGY THROUGH RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Annual North American Waste to Energy Conference (NAWTEC19) CY MAY 16-18, 2011 CL Lancaster, PA SP ASME, Solid Waste Process Div, Integral Waste Serv Assoc, Solid Waste Assoc N Amer AB The United States is the largest generator of municipal solid waste (MSW) in the world. It also landfills the largest amount of MSW. In this article, the authors present a comprehensive argument for implementing a more sustainable approach to the management of MSW. This approach includes the significant expansion of energy recovery from MSW, both to avoid burying massive amounts of waste and to expand generation of renewable, carbon-efficient electricity. C1 [Brandesi, William (Rick)] US EPA, Energy Recovery & Waste Management Branch, Off Resource Conservat & Recovery, Washington, DC USA. [Themelis, Nickolas J.] Columbia Univ, Earth Engn Ctr, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Brandesi, W (reprint author), US EPA, Energy Recovery & Waste Management Branch, Off Resource Conservat & Recovery, Washington, DC USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5457-0 PY 2011 BP 127 EP + PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BFJ24 UT WOS:000320092800017 ER PT J AU Bohon, MD Metzger, BA Linak, WP King, CJ Roberts, WL AF Bohon, Myles D. Metzger, Brian A. Linak, William P. King, Charly J. Roberts, William L. TI Glycerol combustion and emissions SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE LA English DT Article DE Glycerol combustion; Emission characterization; Bio-fuels; Burner development; Waste fuels ID DISPERSED KAOLINITE POWDERS; FLAMES AB With the growing capacity in biodiesel production and the resulting glut of the glycerol by-product, there is increasing interest in finding alternative uses for crude glycerol. One option may be to burn it locally for combined process heat and power, replacing fossil fuels and improving the economics of biodiesel production. However, due to its low energy density, high viscosity, and high auto-ignition temperature, glycerol is difficult to burn. Additionally, the composition of the glycerol by-product can change dramatically depending upon the biodiesel feedstock (e. g., vegetable oils or rendered animal fats), the catalyst used, and the degree of post-reaction cleanup (e. g., acidulation and demethylization). This paper reports the results of experiments to (1) develop a prototype high-swirl refractory burner designed for retrofit applications in commercial-scale fire-tube package boilers, and (2) provide an initial characterization of emissions generated during combustion of crude glycerol in a laboratory-scale moderate-swirl refractory- lined furnace. We report a range of emissions measurements, including nitrogen oxides, total hydrocarbons, and particle mass for two grades of crude glycerol (methylated and demethylated) and compare these to No. 2 fuel oil and propane. We also present preliminary data on the emissions of select carbonyls (by cartridge DNPH). Results indicate that a properly designed refractory burner can provide the thermal environment to effectively combust glycerol, but that high particulate emissions due to residual catalysts are likely to be an issue for crude glycerol combustion. (C) 2010 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Bohon, Myles D.; Metzger, Brian A.; Roberts, William L.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Linak, William P.] US EPA, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [King, Charly J.] ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller Inc, Durham, NC 27709 USA. RP Bohon, MD (reprint author), Engn Bldg 3,Campus Box 7910,911 Oval Dr, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM mdbohon@ncsu.edu FU Arcadis GM Inc. [EP-C-09-027]; NCSU/EPA; North Carolina State University [CT8333235-01-0]; Diversified Energy Corporation; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through Office of Research and Development FX Portion of this work were sponsored under Contract EP-C-09-027 with Arcadis G&M Inc., the NCSU/EPA Cooperative Training Program in Environmental Sciences Research, Training Agreement CT8333235-01-0 with North Carolina State University, and funds from the Diversified Energy Corporation. The authors would like to thank Seung-Hyun Cho and Daniel Janek for their contributions. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here. The views expressed by the individual authors, however, are their own and do not necessarily reflect those of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 14 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 3 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1540-7489 J9 P COMBUST INST JI Proc. Combust. Inst. PY 2011 VL 33 BP 2717 EP 2724 DI 10.1016/j.proci.2010.06.154 PN 2 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 698XR UT WOS:000285629000123 ER PT J AU Padilla, S MacPhail, R AF Padilla, Stephanie MacPhail, Robert BE Gupta, RC TI Using zebrafish to assess developmental neurotoxicity SO REPRODUCTIVE AND DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME; DANIO-RERIO; EMBRYONIC EXPOSURE; ETHANOL EXPOSURE; LARVAL ZEBRAFISH; GENE-EXPRESSION; LATERAL-LINE; DRUG DISCOVERY; HUMAN-DISEASE; MODEL SYSTEM C1 [Padilla, Stephanie; MacPhail, Robert] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Padilla, S (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 168 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-12-382033-4 PY 2011 BP 179 EP 191 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-382032-7.10015-3 PG 13 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA BEX82 UT WOS:000318575300016 ER PT J AU Makris, SL Glaberman, S AF Makris, Susan L. Glaberman, Scott BE Gupta, RC TI Developmental immunotoxicity testing SO REPRODUCTIVE AND DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID IMMUNE-SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT; CHILDRENS HEALTH-RISK; LYMPHOCYTE SUBPOPULATIONS; CRITICAL WINDOWS; ADULT EXPOSURE; MOUSE EMBRYO; HUMAN THYMUS; EARLY EVENTS; HUMAN-FETUS; EARLY-LIFE C1 [Makris, Susan L.; Glaberman, Scott] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Makris, SL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-12-382033-4 PY 2011 BP 219 EP 225 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-382032-7.10018-9 PG 7 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA BEX82 UT WOS:000318575300019 ER PT J AU Vulimiri, SV Pratt, MM Kulkarni, S Beedanagari, S Mahadevan, B AF Vulimiri, Suryanarayana V. Pratt, M. Margaret Kulkarni, Shaila Beedanagari, Sudheer Mahadevan, Brinda BE Gupta, RC TI Reproductive and developmental toxicology: toxic solvents and gases SO REPRODUCTIVE AND DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DRY-CLEANING WORKERS; MATERNAL OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; SUBCHRONIC INHALATION TOXICITY; REINFORCED-PLASTICS COMPANIES; UNLEADED GASOLINE VAPOR; CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; ORGANIC-SOLVENTS; FORMALDEHYDE EXPOSURE; SPONTANEOUS-ABORTIONS; INHALED FORMALDEHYDE C1 [Vulimiri, Suryanarayana V.; Pratt, M. Margaret] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Kulkarni, Shaila] Merck Res Labs, Immunotoxicol Mech & Predict Toxicol, Summit, NJ USA. [Beedanagari, Sudheer] Lexicon Pharmaceut, The Woodlands, TX USA. [Mahadevan, Brinda] Merck Res Labs, Genet Toxicol Mech & Predict Toxicol, Summit, NJ USA. RP Vulimiri, SV (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. OI Vulimiri, Suryanarayana/0000-0003-3734-0036 NR 141 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-12-382033-4 PY 2011 BP 303 EP 315 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-382032-7.10023-2 PG 13 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA BEX82 UT WOS:000318575300024 ER PT B AU Kodavanti, PRS Szabo, DT Stoker, TE Fenton, SE AF Kodavanti, Prasada Rao S. Szabo, David T. Stoker, Tammy E. Fenton, Suzanne E. BE Gupta, RC TI Brominated flame retardants SO REPRODUCTIVE AND DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS; NEONATAL BRAIN-DEVELOPMENT; JUVENILE RAINBOW-TROUT; THYROID-HORMONE LEVELS; DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS; IN-VITRO; DECABROMODIPHENYL ETHER; DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE C1 [Kodavanti, Prasada Rao S.] US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res &, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Szabo, David T.] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Szabo, David T.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Phamacokinet Branch, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Stoker, Tammy E.] US EPA, Endocrine Toxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & D, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Fenton, Suzanne E.] NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Kodavanti, PRS (reprint author), US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res &, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 176 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-12-382033-4; 978-0-12-382032-7 PY 2011 BP 523 EP 541 PG 19 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA BEX82 UT WOS:000318575300041 ER PT J AU Doherty, JD Irwin, WA AF Doherty, John D. Irwin, William A. BE Gupta, RC TI Organotins (tributyltin and triphenyltin) SO REPRODUCTIVE AND DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID 2-GENERATION REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY; CLAMS MYA-ARENARIA; IN-UTERO EXPOSURE; AROMATASE-ACTIVITY; ADIPOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; OXIDATIVE-PHOSPHORYLATION; DIBUTYLTIN DICHLORIDE; POSTNATAL EXPOSURE; CYNOMOLGUS MONKEYS C1 [Doherty, John D.; Irwin, William A.] US EPA, Div Hlth Effects, Off Chem Safety & Pollut Prevent, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Doherty, JD (reprint author), US EPA, Div Hlth Effects, Off Chem Safety & Pollut Prevent, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 99 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-12-382033-4 PY 2011 BP 657 EP 672 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-382032-7.10049-9 PG 16 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA BEX82 UT WOS:000318575300050 ER PT J AU Santos-Ahmed, J Brown, C Smith, SD Weston, P Rasoulpour, T Gilbert, ME Hixon, ML AF Santos-Ahmed, Jeena Brown, Caitlin Smith, Stuart Duncan Weston, Paula Rasoulpour, Teresa Gilbert, Mary E. Hixon, Mary L. TI Akt1 protects against germ cell apoptosis in the postnatal mouse testis following lactational exposure to 6-N-propylthiouracil SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Akt1; Sertoli cell; Germ cell; Transient postnatal hypothyroidism; Propylthiouracil ID NEONATAL GOITROGEN TREATMENT; RAT SERTOLI-CELLS; THYROID-HORMONE; SPERM PRODUCTION; SIGNALING PATHWAY; ORGAN GROWTH; ADULT-RATS; IN-VIVO; HYPOTHYROIDISM; EXPRESSION AB Exposure to 6-propyl-2-thio-uracil (PTU), a neonatal goitrogen, leads to increased testis size and sperm production in rodents. Akt1, a gene involved in cell survival and proliferation is also phosphorylated by thyroxine (T(4)). Therefore, we examined the requirement for Akt1 in germ cell survival following PTU-induced hypothyroidism. Experiments were performed using Akt1+/+, Akt1+/-, and Akt1-/- mice. PTU was administered (0.01% w/v) via the drinking water of dams from birth to PND21. At PND15,T(4) serum levels were similar in all control groups, and significantly lower in all exposed groups with a dramatic decrease in Akt1-/- mice. PTU-exposed Akt1-/- testes displayed smaller tubules, increased apoptosis, delayed lumen formation, and increased inhibin B and AMH mRNA. Relative adult testis weights were similar in all exposure groups: however, no increase in daily sperm production was observed in PTU-exposed Akt1-/- mice. In conclusion, Akt1 contributes to the effects of thyroid hormone on postnatal testis development. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Santos-Ahmed, Jeena; Brown, Caitlin; Smith, Stuart Duncan; Weston, Paula; Rasoulpour, Teresa; Hixon, Mary L.] Brown Univ, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Gilbert, Mary E.] US EPA, Div Neurotoxicol, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hixon, ML (reprint author), Brown Univ, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, GE505, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM Hixon@Brown.edu FU NIEHS/NIH [ES015704] FX This research was supported by ES015704 from the NIEHS/NIH to M.H. NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 31 IS 1 BP 17 EP 25 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2010.09.012 PG 9 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA 724DI UT WOS:000287555900003 PM 20951798 ER PT J AU Narotsky, MG Best, DS McDonald, A Godin, EA Hunter, ES Simmons, JE AF Narotsky, Michael G. Best, Deborah S. McDonald, Anthony Godin, Elizabeth A. Hunter, E. Sidney, III Simmons, Jane Ellen TI Pregnancy loss and eye malformations in offspring of F344 rats following gestational exposure to mixtures of regulated trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Disinfection by-products; Trihalomethanes; Haloacetic acids; Mixtures; Developmental toxicity; Pregnancy loss; Anophthalmia ID DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS; INVIVO TERATOLOGY SCREEN; PUBLIC WATER-SUPPLIES; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; DRINKING-WATER; BIRTH-WEIGHT; BROMODICHLOROMETHANE BDCM; CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; CHLORINATION; OZONATION/POSTCHLORINATION AB Chlorination of drinking water yields hundreds of disinfection by-products (DBPs). Among the DBPs, four trihalomethanes (THMs; chloroform, bromodichloromethane, chlorodibromomethane, bromoform) and five haloacetic acids (HAAs; chloroacetic, dichloroacetic, trichloroacetic, bromoacetic, and dibromoacetic acid) are U.S. EPA regulated. We assessed the combined toxicity of these DBPs. F344 rats were treated with mixtures of the four THMs (THM4), the five HAAs (HAA5), or nine DBPs (DBP9; THM4 + HAAS). Mixtures were administered in 10% Alkamuls (R) EL-620 daily by gavage on gestation days 6-20. Litters were examined postnatally. All three mixtures caused pregnancy loss at >= 613 mu mol/kg/day. In surviving litters, resorption rates were increased in groups receiving HAA5 at 615 mu mol/kg/day and DBP9 at 307 mu mol/kg/day. HAA5 caused eye malformations (anophthalmia, microphthalmia) at >= 308 mu mol/kg/day. Thus, both HAAs and THMs contributed to DBP9-induced pregnancy loss. The presence of THMs in the full mixture, however, appeared to reduce the incidence of HAA-induced eye defects. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Narotsky, Michael G.] US EPA, NHEERL MD 67, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Tox Assessment Div,ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [McDonald, Anthony; Simmons, Jane Ellen] US EPA, ORD, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Godin, Elizabeth A.] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Narotsky, MG (reprint author), US EPA, NHEERL MD 67, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Tox Assessment Div,ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM narotsky.michael@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; National Institutes of Health [T32-ES07126] FX The information in this document has been funded wholly by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade name or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.; Funding in support of E.A.G. was provided by the National Institutes of Health, Training Grant T32-ES07126. NR 57 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 31 IS 1 BP 59 EP 65 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2010.08.002 PG 7 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA 724DI UT WOS:000287555900008 PM 20850520 ER PT J AU Samet, JM Olshan, AF AF Samet, Jonathan M. Olshan, Andrew F. CA Comm Review EPAs Draft IRIS GP Natl Res Council TI REVIEW OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY'S DRAFT IRIS ASSESSMENT OF FORMALDEHYDE Summary SO REVIEW OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY'S DRAFT IRIS ASSESSMENT OF FORMALDEHYDE LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID EXPOSURE; INDUSTRIES; MORTALITY; CHILDREN; WORKERS; HOMES; RISK C1 [Samet, Jonathan M.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] USC Inst Global Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] US EPA, Sci Advisory Board, Washington, DC USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] CNR, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Olshan, Andrew F.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Olshan, Andrew F.] Natl Res Council Comm Contaminated Drinking Water, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Samet, JM (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-21193-2 PY 2011 BP 3 EP 15 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA BC7ID UT WOS:000354894100002 ER PT J AU Samet, JM Olshan, AF AF Samet, Jonathan M. Olshan, Andrew F. CA Comm Review EPAs Draft IRIS GP Natl Res Council TI REVIEW OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY'S DRAFT IRIS ASSESSMENT OF FORMALDEHYDE Preface SO REVIEW OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY'S DRAFT IRIS ASSESSMENT OF FORMALDEHYDE LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Samet, Jonathan M.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] USC Inst Global Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] US EPA, Sci Advisory Board, Washington, DC USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] CNR, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Olshan, Andrew F.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Olshan, Andrew F.] Natl Res Council Comm Contaminated Drinking Water, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Samet, JM (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-21193-2 PY 2011 BP IX EP X PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA BC7ID UT WOS:000354894100001 ER PT J AU Samet, JM Olshan, AF AF Samet, Jonathan M. Olshan, Andrew F. CA Comm Review EPAs Draft IRIS GP Natl Res Council TI REVIEW OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY'S DRAFT IRIS ASSESSMENT OF FORMALDEHYDE Introduction SO REVIEW OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY'S DRAFT IRIS ASSESSMENT OF FORMALDEHYDE LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Samet, Jonathan M.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] USC Inst Global Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] US EPA, Sci Advisory Board, Washington, DC USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] CNR, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Olshan, Andrew F.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Olshan, Andrew F.] Natl Res Council Comm Contaminated Drinking Water, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Samet, JM (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-21193-2 PY 2011 BP 16 EP 23 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA BC7ID UT WOS:000354894100003 ER PT J AU Samet, JM Olshan, AF AF Samet, Jonathan M. Olshan, Andrew F. CA Comm Review EPAs Draft IRIS GP Natl Res Council TI Review of Methods SO REVIEW OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY'S DRAFT IRIS ASSESSMENT OF FORMALDEHYDE LA English DT Review; Book Chapter C1 [Samet, Jonathan M.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] USC Inst Global Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] US EPA, Sci Advisory Board, Washington, DC USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] CNR, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Olshan, Andrew F.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Olshan, Andrew F.] Natl Res Council Comm Contaminated Drinking Water, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Samet, JM (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-21193-2 PY 2011 BP 24 EP 28 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA BC7ID UT WOS:000354894100004 ER PT J AU Samet, JM Olshan, AF AF Samet, Jonathan M. Olshan, Andrew F. CA Comm Review EPAs Draft IRIS GP Natl Res Council TI Toxicokinetics and Modes of Action of Formaldehyde SO REVIEW OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY'S DRAFT IRIS ASSESSMENT OF FORMALDEHYDE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PROTEIN CROSS-LINKS; INDUCED RESPIRATORY CANCER; RAT NASAL PASSAGES; INHALED FORMALDEHYDE; RHESUS-MONKEYS; CELL-PROLIFERATION; COVALENT BINDING; FLUX PREDICTIONS; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; FISCHER-344 RATS C1 [Samet, Jonathan M.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] USC Inst Global Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] US EPA, Sci Advisory Board, Washington, DC USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] CNR, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Olshan, Andrew F.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Olshan, Andrew F.] Natl Res Council Comm Contaminated Drinking Water, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Samet, JM (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-21193-2 PY 2011 BP 29 EP 63 PG 35 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA BC7ID UT WOS:000354894100005 ER PT J AU Samet, JM Olshan, AF AF Samet, Jonathan M. Olshan, Andrew F. CA Comm Review EPAs Draft IRIS GP Natl Res Council TI Portal-of-Entry Health Effects SO REVIEW OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY'S DRAFT IRIS ASSESSMENT OF FORMALDEHYDE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NATIONAL-CANCER-INSTITUTE; FORMALDEHYDE EXPOSURE; NASOPHARYNGEAL CANCER; SENSORY IRRITATION; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; WOOD DUST; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; DOMESTIC EXPOSURE; CHEMICAL WORKERS; SINONASAL CANCER C1 [Samet, Jonathan M.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] USC Inst Global Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] US EPA, Sci Advisory Board, Washington, DC USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] CNR, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Olshan, Andrew F.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Olshan, Andrew F.] Natl Res Council Comm Contaminated Drinking Water, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Samet, JM (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-21193-2 PY 2011 BP 64 EP 91 PG 28 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA BC7ID UT WOS:000354894100006 ER PT J AU Samet, JM Olshan, AF AF Samet, Jonathan M. Olshan, Andrew F. CA Comm Review EPAs Draft IRIS GP Natl Res Council TI Systemic Health Effects SO REVIEW OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY'S DRAFT IRIS ASSESSMENT OF FORMALDEHYDE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FORMALDEHYDE EXPOSURE; INHALED FORMALDEHYDE; HISTOLOGY TECHNICIANS; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; RATS; WORKERS; LEUKEMIA; METAANALYSIS; INHALATION; MORTALITY C1 [Samet, Jonathan M.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] USC Inst Global Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] US EPA, Sci Advisory Board, Washington, DC USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] CNR, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Olshan, Andrew F.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Olshan, Andrew F.] Natl Res Council Comm Contaminated Drinking Water, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Samet, JM (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-21193-2 PY 2011 BP 92 EP 117 PG 26 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA BC7ID UT WOS:000354894100007 ER PT J AU Samet, JM Olshan, AF AF Samet, Jonathan M. Olshan, Andrew F. CA Comm Review EPAs Draft IRIS GP Natl Res Council TI Reference Concentrations for Noncancer Effects and Unit Risks for Cancers SO REVIEW OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY'S DRAFT IRIS ASSESSMENT OF FORMALDEHYDE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID S-NITROSOGLUTATHIONE REDUCTASE; FORMALDEHYDE EXPOSURE; NASOPHARYNGEAL CANCER; REDUCED FERTILITY; MOBILE HOMES; MORTALITY; WORKERS; ASTHMA; COHORT; DEHYDROGENASE C1 [Samet, Jonathan M.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] USC Inst Global Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] US EPA, Sci Advisory Board, Washington, DC USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] CNR, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Olshan, Andrew F.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Olshan, Andrew F.] Natl Res Council Comm Contaminated Drinking Water, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Samet, JM (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-21193-2 PY 2011 BP 118 EP 150 PG 33 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA BC7ID UT WOS:000354894100008 ER PT J AU Samet, JM Olshan, AF AF Samet, Jonathan M. Olshan, Andrew F. CA Comm Review EPAs Draft IRIS GP Natl Res Council TI A Roadmap for Revision SO REVIEW OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY'S DRAFT IRIS ASSESSMENT OF FORMALDEHYDE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID METAANALYSIS; DISEASE C1 [Samet, Jonathan M.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] USC Inst Global Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] US EPA, Sci Advisory Board, Washington, DC USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] CNR, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Olshan, Andrew F.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Olshan, Andrew F.] Natl Res Council Comm Contaminated Drinking Water, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Samet, JM (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-21193-2 PY 2011 BP 151 EP 167 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA BC7ID UT WOS:000354894100009 ER PT J AU Samet, JM Olshan, AF AF Samet, Jonathan M. Olshan, Andrew F. CA Comm Review EPAs Draft IRIS GP Natl Res Council TI Weight-of-Evidence Descriptions from US Environmental Protection Agency Guidelines SO REVIEW OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY'S DRAFT IRIS ASSESSMENT OF FORMALDEHYDE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RISK ASSESSMENT C1 [Samet, Jonathan M.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] USC Inst Global Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] US EPA, Sci Advisory Board, Washington, DC USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] CNR, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Olshan, Andrew F.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Olshan, Andrew F.] Natl Res Council Comm Contaminated Drinking Water, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Samet, JM (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-21193-2 PY 2011 BP 174 EP 190 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA BC7ID UT WOS:000354894100010 ER PT J AU Vinson, MR Angradi, TR AF Vinson, M. R. Angradi, T. R. TI Stomach Emptiness in Fishes: Sources of Variation and Study Design Implications SO REVIEWS IN FISHERIES SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bioenergetics; diet; energy balance; feeding; food; stomach contents; fish; collection methods ID REEF FISHES; EMPTY; RUN AB This study summarizes fish stomach content data from 369,000 fish from 402 species in 1,096 collections and reports on the percentage of individuals with empty stomachs. The mean percentage of individuals with empty stomachs among all species, locations, habitats, seasons, regions, and collection methods was 26.4%. Mean percentage of individuals with empty stomachs varied significantly among fish collection gear types, taxonomic orders, trophic groups, feeding behaviors, and habitats, and with species length at maturity. Most of the variation in percentage of individuals with empty stomachs was explained by species length at maturity, fish collection gear type, and two autecological factors: trophic group (piscivore percentage of individuals with empty stomachs non-piscivore percentage of individuals with empty stomachs) and feeding habitat (water column feeder percentage of individuals with empty stomachs benthic feeder percentage of individuals with empty stomachs). After accounting for variation with fish length, the percentage of individuals with empty stomachs did not vary with the stomach removal collection method (dissection vs. gastric lavage), feeding time (diurnal or nocturnal), or time of collection (day or night). The percentage of individuals with empty stomachs was similar between fresh and saltwater fish, but differed within finer habitat classifications and appeared to follow a general prey availability or productivity gradient: percentage of individuals with empty stomachs of open ocean collections estuary collections, lentic lotic, and pelagic littoral. Gear type (active or passive) was the most influential factor affecting the occurrence of empty stomachs that can be readily controlled by researchers. C1 [Vinson, M. R.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Super Biol Stn, Ashland, WI 54806 USA. [Angradi, T. R.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. RP Vinson, MR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Super Biol Stn, 2800 Lake Shore Dr E, Ashland, WI 54806 USA. EM mvinson@usgs.gov NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 21 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1064-1262 J9 REV FISH SCI JI Rev. Fish. Sci. PY 2011 VL 19 IS 2 BP 63 EP 73 AR PII 931551533 DI 10.1080/10641262.2010.536856 PG 11 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 733OK UT WOS:000288271900001 ER PT S AU Daughton, CG AF Daughton, Christian G. BE Whitacre, DM TI Illicit Drugs: Contaminants in the Environment and Utility in Forensic Epidemiology SO REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY, VOL 210 SE Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; SURFACE-WATER; UNITED-STATES; TREATMENT-PLANT; STIMULATORY DRUGS; PAPER CURRENCY; SEWAGE-SLUDGE C1 US EPA, Environm Chem Branch, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. RP Daughton, CG (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Chem Branch, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. EM daughton.christian@epa.gov RI Umrani, Sumera/B-4532-2012; OI Daughton, Christian/0000-0002-0302-7730 NR 183 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 33 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 0179-5953 BN 978-1-4419-7614-7 J9 REV ENVIRON CONTAM T JI Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PY 2011 VL 210 BP 59 EP 110 DI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7615-4_3 D2 10.1007/978-1-4419-7615-4 PG 52 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA BSP89 UT WOS:000285329800003 PM 21170703 ER PT J AU Brown, MA Dworkin, M AF Brown, Marilyn A. Dworkin, Michael BE Sovacool, BK TI THE ENVIRONMENTAL DIMENSION OF ENERGY SECURITY SO ROUTLEDGE HANDBOOK OF ENERGY SECURITY SE Routledge International Handbooks LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Brown, Marilyn A.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Publ Policy, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Dworkin, Michael] US EPA, Off Gen Counsel, Washington, DC USA. RP Brown, MA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND BN 978-0-203-83460-2 J9 ROUT INT HANDB PY 2011 BP 176 EP 190 PG 15 WC Environmental Studies; International Relations SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; International Relations GA BXG97 UT WOS:000296099000009 ER PT S AU Jacobson, RB Berkley, J AF Jacobson, Robert B. Berkley, Jim BE Simon, A Bennett, SJ Castro, JM TI Conceptualizing and Communicating Ecological River Restoration SO STREAM RESTORATION IN DYNAMIC FLUVIAL SYSTEMS: SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES, ANALYSES, AND TOOLS SE Geophysical Monograph Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LOWER MISSOURI RIVER; FLOW REGIME; MANAGEMENT; SCIENTISTS; BASIN; REHABILITATION; CONSERVATION; ECOSYSTEMS; STRATEGIES; INTEGRITY AB We present a general conceptual model for communicating aspects of river restoration and management. The model is generic and adaptable to most riverine settings, independent of size. The model has separate categories of natural and social-economic drivers, and management actions are envisioned as modifiers of naturally dynamic systems. The model includes a decision-making structure in which managers, stakeholders, and scientists interact to define management objectives and performance evaluation. The model depicts a stress to the riverine ecosystem as either (1) deviation in the regimes (flow, sediment, temperature, light, biogeochemical, and genetic) by altering the frequency, magnitude, duration, timing, or rate of change of the fluxes or (2) imposition of a hard structural constraint on channel form. Restoration is depicted as naturalization of those regimes or removal of the constraint. The model recognizes the importance of river history in conditioning future responses. Three hierarchical tiers of essential ecosystem characteristics (EECs) illustrate how management actions typically propagate through physical/chemical processes to habitat to biotic responses. Uncertainty and expense in modeling or measuring responses increase in moving from tiers 1 to 3. Social-economic characteristics are shown in a parallel structure that emphasizes the need to quantify trade-offs between ecological and social-economic systems. Performance measures for EECs are also hierarchical, showing that selection of measures depend on participants' willingness to accept uncertainty. The general form is of an adaptive management loop in which the performance measures are compared to reference conditions or success criteria and the information is fed back into the decision-making process. C1 [Jacobson, Robert B.] US Geol Survey, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. [Berkley, Jim] US EPA, Denver, CO USA. RP Jacobson, RB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. NR 63 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0065-8448 BN 978-1-118-66667-8; 978-0-87590-483-2 J9 GEOPHYS MONOGR SER PY 2011 VL 194 BP 9 EP 27 DI 10.1029/2010GM000967 D2 10.1029/GM194 PG 19 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA BA5PW UT WOS:000336929500003 ER PT J AU Goldstein, BD AF Goldstein, Bernard D. GP Natl Res Council TI Sustainability and the US EPA Summary SO SUSTAINABILITY AND THE U.S. EPA LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 US EPA, Comm Inc Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Goldstein, BD (reprint author), US EPA, Comm Inc Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-21252-6 PY 2011 BP 1 EP 6 PG 6 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC7HU UT WOS:000354890500002 ER PT J AU Goldstein, BD AF Goldstein, Bernard D. GP Natl Res Council TI Sustainability and the US EPA Introduction SO SUSTAINABILITY AND THE U.S. EPA LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 US EPA, Comm Inc Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Goldstein, BD (reprint author), US EPA, Comm Inc Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-21252-6 PY 2011 BP 7 EP 14 PG 8 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC7HU UT WOS:000354890500003 ER PT J AU Goldstein, BD AF Goldstein, Bernard D. GP Natl Res Council TI Sustainability and the US EPA Preface SO SUSTAINABILITY AND THE U.S. EPA LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 US EPA, Comm Inc Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Goldstein, BD (reprint author), US EPA, Comm Inc Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-21252-6 PY 2011 BP VII EP VIII PG 2 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC7HU UT WOS:000354890500001 ER PT J AU Goldstein, BD AF Goldstein, Bernard D. GP Natl Res Council TI History of Sustainability SO SUSTAINABILITY AND THE U.S. EPA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SCIENCE; POLICY C1 US EPA, Comm Inc Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Goldstein, BD (reprint author), US EPA, Comm Inc Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-21252-6 PY 2011 BP 15 EP 33 PG 19 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC7HU UT WOS:000354890500004 ER PT J AU Goldstein, BD AF Goldstein, Bernard D. GP Natl Res Council TI A Sustainability Framework for EPA SO SUSTAINABILITY AND THE U.S. EPA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US EPA, Comm Inc Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Goldstein, BD (reprint author), US EPA, Comm Inc Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-21252-6 PY 2011 BP 35 EP 52 PG 18 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC7HU UT WOS:000354890500005 ER PT J AU Goldstein, BD AF Goldstein, Bernard D. GP Natl Res Council TI Sustainability Assessment and Management: Process, Tools, and Indicators SO SUSTAINABILITY AND THE U.S. EPA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; BIOFUELS; ETHANOL; ENERGY; COSTS C1 US EPA, Comm Inc Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Goldstein, BD (reprint author), US EPA, Comm Inc Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-21252-6 PY 2011 BP 53 EP 77 PG 25 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC7HU UT WOS:000354890500006 ER PT J AU Goldstein, BD AF Goldstein, Bernard D. GP Natl Res Council TI How Risk Assessment and Risk Management Relate to the Sustainability Framework SO SUSTAINABILITY AND THE U.S. EPA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID POLICY C1 US EPA, Comm Inc Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Goldstein, BD (reprint author), US EPA, Comm Inc Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-21252-6 PY 2011 BP 79 EP 91 PG 13 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC7HU UT WOS:000354890500007 ER PT J AU Goldstein, BD AF Goldstein, Bernard D. GP Natl Res Council TI Changing the Culture in EPA SO SUSTAINABILITY AND THE U.S. EPA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SUSTAINABILITY; MANAGEMENT C1 US EPA, Comm Inc Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Goldstein, BD (reprint author), US EPA, Comm Inc Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-21252-6 PY 2011 BP 93 EP 110 PG 18 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC7HU UT WOS:000354890500008 ER PT J AU Goldstein, BD AF Goldstein, Bernard D. GP Natl Res Council TI Benefits of a Sustainability Approach at EPA SO SUSTAINABILITY AND THE U.S. EPA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US EPA, Comm Inc Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Goldstein, BD (reprint author), US EPA, Comm Inc Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-21252-6 PY 2011 BP 111 EP 125 PG 15 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC7HU UT WOS:000354890500009 ER PT J AU Goldstein, BD AF Goldstein, Bernard D. GP Natl Res Council TI The Committee on Incorporating Sustainability in the US Environmental Protection Agency SO SUSTAINABILITY AND THE U.S. EPA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US EPA, Comm Inc Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Goldstein, BD (reprint author), US EPA, Comm Inc Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-21252-6 PY 2011 BP 127 EP 150 PG 24 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC7HU UT WOS:000354890500010 ER PT J AU Williams, KA Manley, DG Pilgrim, EM Von Dohlen, CD Pitts, JP AF Williams, Kevin A. Manley, Donald G. Pilgrim, Erik M. Von Dohlen, Carol D. Pitts, James P. TI Multifaceted assessment of species validity in the Dasymutilla bioculata species group (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) SO SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ASHMEAD HYMENOPTERA; FOX HYMENOPTERA; DOMINICAN AMBER; VELVET ANTS; ITS1; COCKERELL; SYNONYMY AB This study examines the validity of the ten species and eight subspecies composing the Dasymutilla bioculata species group. Four lines of evidence are examined: morphological data derived from both sexes; behavioural data derived from the study of mating pairs; geographic distribution; and molecular data derived from the internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 of the nuclear ribosomal RNA cistron (ITS1 and ITS2). Morphological studies reveal that none of the taxa in question can be consistently diagnosed by any synapomorphies or unique combinations of characters. Mating studies reveal that males of single nominal taxa are attracted to females of multiple nominal taxa, and that females of single nominal taxa attract multiple males. None of the nominal taxa are geographically isolated from the others. Genetic distances between these taxa are significantly lower than those seen in interspecific comparisons of other Dasymutilla species. Based on this evidence, we infer that the taxa in question share a recent common ancestor, and cannot be adequately differentiated using any of the available data sources. Therefore, employing the phylogenetic species concept, Dasymutilla bimaculata Manley & Pitts, Dasymutilla chiron chiron (Blake), Dasymutilla chiron ursula (Cresson), Dasymutilla creusa creusa (Cresson), Dasymutilla creusa bellona (Cresson), Dasymutilla lepeletierii (Fox), Dasymutilla medea (Cresson), Dasymutilla melanippe melanippe Mickel, Dasymutilla melanippe conformis Mickel, Dasymutilla praegrandis praegrandis Mickel, Dasymutilla praegrandis russata Mickel, Dasymutilla pyrrhus (Fox) and Dasymutilla sulcatulla Mickel must be considered junior synonyms of Dasymutilla bioculata (Cresson). We also discuss the identification of this species, as well as subspecific relationships and species-group implications. C1 [Williams, Kevin A.; Von Dohlen, Carol D.; Pitts, James P.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Manley, Donald G.] Clemson Univ, Dept Entomol, Soils & Plant Sci Pee Dee Res & Educ Ctr, Florence, SC 29506 USA. [Pilgrim, Erik M.] US EPA, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Williams, KA (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM kevin.williams@usu.edu FU Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Utah State University, Logan, UT, U.S.A. FX We thank Justin Schmidt and James Zimmerman for valuable insight into Dasymutilla taxonomy. We thank Joseph Wilson, Stuart Fullerton, Shaun L. Kelly, Brian Baldwin, George Waldren, Travis Boud and Al Hook for providing specimens for this project. We thank Ed Riley for pointing out collecting sites in eastern Texas. We also thank Carrie Drake for help with DNA extraction, PCR and DNA sequencing, and Nicole Boehme, Andrew Ermer and Sarah Clark for voucher specimen curation. Finally, we thank Lars Vilhelmsen and three anonymous reviewers for improving this manuscript through the process of peer review. This research was supported by the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Utah State University, Logan, UT, U.S.A. Approved as journal paper no. 8203. NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0307-6970 EI 1365-3113 J9 SYST ENTOMOL JI Syst. Entomol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 36 IS 1 BP 180 EP 191 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00555.x PG 12 WC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology SC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology GA 703SV UT WOS:000286002500013 ER PT B AU Miller, CA AF Miller, C. Andrew BE Hidy, GM Brook, JR Demerjian, KL Molina, LT Pennell, WT Scheffe, RD TI Source Emissions in Multipollutant Air Quality Management SO TECHNICAL CHALLENGES OF MULTIPOLLUTANT AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BALANCE RECEPTOR MODEL; MEXICO-CITY; ON-ROAD; PARTICULATE MATTER; VEHICLE EMISSIONS; TRANSITION-METALS; METROPOLITAN-AREA; MASS; POLLUTION; INJURY C1 US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Miller, CA (reprint author), US EPA, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail Code E305-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM miller.andy@epa.gov NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-94-007-0303-2 PY 2011 BP 261 EP 298 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-0304-9_8 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-0304-9 PG 38 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BWM39 UT WOS:000294234100008 ER PT B AU Seigneur, C Dennis, R AF Seigneur, Christian Dennis, Robin BE Hidy, GM Brook, JR Demerjian, KL Molina, LT Pennell, WT Scheffe, RD TI Atmospheric Modeling SO TECHNICAL CHALLENGES OF MULTIPOLLUTANT AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; AIR-QUALITY MODELS; POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; MEXICO-CITY; PARTICULATE MATTER; DISPERSION MODEL; TRANSPORT MODEL; PERFORMANCE EVALUATION; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS C1 [Dennis, Robin] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Seigneur, Christian] Univ Paris Est, F-77455 Marne La Vallee 2, France. RP Dennis, R (reprint author), US EPA, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail Code E243-0l, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM seigneur@cerea.enpc.fr; dennis.robin@epa.gov NR 94 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-94-007-0303-2 PY 2011 BP 299 EP 337 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-0304-9_9 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-0304-9 PG 39 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BWM39 UT WOS:000294234100009 ER PT B AU Scheffe, RD Brook, JR Demerjian, KL AF Scheffe, Richard D. Brook, Jeffrey R. Demerjian, Kenneth L. BE Hidy, GM Brook, JR Demerjian, KL Molina, LT Pennell, WT Scheffe, RD TI Air Quality Measurements SO TECHNICAL CHALLENGES OF MULTIPOLLUTANT AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID INDUCED FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; MATTER SUPERSITES PROGRAM; FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; IN-SITU MEASUREMENTS; NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; NORTH-AMERICA; MEXICO-CITY; GAS-PHASE; SCIENTIFIC FINDINGS; PERSONAL EXPOSURES C1 [Scheffe, Richard D.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Brook, Jeffrey R.] Environm Canada, Downsview, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. [Demerjian, Kenneth L.] SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, CESTM, Albany, NY 12203 USA. RP Scheffe, RD (reprint author), US EPA, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail Code C304-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM scheffe.rich@epa.gov; jeff.brook@ec.gc.ca; kld@asrc.cestm.albany.edu NR 125 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-94-007-0303-2 PY 2011 BP 339 EP 393 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-0304-9_10 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-0304-9 PG 55 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BWM39 UT WOS:000294234100010 ER PT J AU Bolon, B Funk, KA Sills, RC AF Bolon, Brad Funk, Kathleen A. Sills, Robert C. TI Introduction and Commentary: "Toxicologic Neuropathology"-and a Whole Lot More! The 2010 Joint STP/IFSTP International Symposium on Toxicologic Pathology SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID NEUROTOXICITY C1 [Bolon, Brad] GEMpath Inc, Longmont, CO 80503 USA. [Funk, Kathleen A.] Expt Pathol Labs Inc, Sterling, VA USA. [Sills, Robert C.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Bolon, B (reprint author), GEMpath Inc, 2867 Humboldt Cir, Longmont, CO 80503 USA. EM brad@gempath.net NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0192-6233 EI 1533-1601 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 39 IS 1 BP 11 EP 14 DI 10.1177/0192623310385144 PG 4 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA 800QU UT WOS:000293379600001 PM 21078919 ER PT J AU Moser, VC AF Moser, Virginia C. TI Functional Assays for Neurotoxicity Testing SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE neurotoxicity; behavior; function; functional observational battery; Irwin screen; cognition ID CARBON-DISULFIDE NEUROTOXICITY; NEUROBEHAVIORAL SCREENING BATTERY; PERIPHERAL-NERVE REGENERATION; INDUCED DELAYED NEUROPATHY; OBSERVATIONAL BATTERY; ACRYLAMIDE NEUROPATHY; BEHAVIORAL-TESTS; TRIMETHYLTIN COMPOUNDS; LABORATORY RODENTS; CHRONIC TOXICITY AB Neurobehavioral and pathological evaluations of the nervous system are complementary components of basic research and toxicity testing of pharmaceutical and environmental chemicals. While neuropathological assessments provide insight as to cellular changes in neurons, behavioral and physiological methods evaluate the functional consequences of disruption of neuronal communications. The underlying causes of certain behavioral alterations may be understood, but many do not have known direct associations with specific brain pathologies. In some cases, however, rapidly expanding mouse models (transgenic, knock-out) are providing considerable information on behavioral phenotypes of altered pathology. Behavior represents the integrated sum of activities mediated by the nervous system, and functional tests used for neurotoxicity testing tap different behavioral repertoires. These tests have an advantage over pathologic measures in that they permit repeated evaluation of a single animal over time to determine the onset, progression, duration, and reversibility of a neurotoxic injury. Functional assays range from a screening-level battery of tests to refined procedures to tap specific forms of learning and/or memory. This article reviews common procedures for behavioral toxicity testing and provides examples of chemical-specific neurobehavioral-pathological correlations in order to inform interpretation and integration of neuropathological and behavioral outcomes. C1 [Moser, Virginia C.] US EPA, Neurotox Branch, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Moser, VC (reprint author), US EPA, Tox Assessment Div MD B105 04, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM moser.ginger@epa.gov NR 142 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 14 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0192-6233 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 39 IS 1 BP 36 EP 45 DI 10.1177/0192623310385255 PG 10 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA 800QU UT WOS:000293379600005 PM 21075917 ER PT J AU Hale, SL Andrews-Jones, L Jordan, WH Jortner, BS Boyce, RW Boyce, JT Switzer, RC Butt, MT Garman, RH Jensen, K Krinke, G Little, PB AF Hale, Sarah L. Andrews-Jones, Lydia Jordan, William H. Jortner, Bernard S. Boyce, Rogely W. Boyce, John T. Switzer, Robert C., III Butt, Mark T. Garman, Robert H. Jensen, Karl Krinke, Georg Little, Peter B. TI Modern Pathology Methods for Neural Investigations SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nervous system sampling; neurohistology; stereology ID NERVOUS-SYSTEM; RAPID METHOD; RATS; NEUROPATHOLOGY; NEUROTOXICITY; DEGENERATION; INHALATION AB This session at the 2010 joint symposium of the Society of Toxicologic Pathology (STP) and the International Federation of Societies of Toxicologic Pathologists (IFSTP) explored modern neuropathology methods for assessing the neurotoxicologic potential of xenobiotics. Conventional techniques to optimally prepare and evaluate the central and peripheral neural tissues while minimizing artifact were reviewed, and optimal schemes were set forth for evaluation of the nervous system during both routine (i.e., general toxicity) studies and enhanced (i.e., specialized neurotoxicity) studies. Stereology was introduced as the most appropriate means of examining the possible impact of toxicants on neural cell numbers. A focused discussion on brain sampling took place among a panel of expert neuroscientists (anatomists and pathologists) and the audience regarding the proper balance between sufficient sampling and cost-and time-effectiveness of the analysis. No consensus was reached on section orientation (coronal sections of both sides vs. a parasagittal longitudinal section with several unilateral hemisections from the contralateral side), but most panelists favored sampling at least 8 sections (or approximately double to triple the current complement) in routine toxicity studies. C1 [Andrews-Jones, Lydia] Allergan, Drug Safety Evaluat, Irvine, CA 92612 USA. [Hale, Sarah L.; Krinke, Georg] Covance Labs Inc, Vienna, VA USA. [Jordan, William H.] Vet Path Serv Inc, Mason, OH USA. [Jortner, Bernard S.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Boyce, Rogely W.; Boyce, John T.] WIL Res Labs, Ashland, OH USA. [Switzer, Robert C., III] NeuroScience Associates, Knoxville, TN USA. [Butt, Mark T.] Tox Path Specialists LLC, Walkersville, MD USA. [Garman, Robert H.] Consultants Vet Pathol Inc, Murrysville, PA USA. [Jensen, Karl] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. PATHEV, CH-4402 Frenkendorf, Switzerland. [Little, Peter B.] Charles River Labs PAI, Durham, NC USA. RP Andrews-Jones, L (reprint author), Allergan, Drug Safety Evaluat, 2525 Dupont Dr,Mailstop RD2-2C, Irvine, CA 92612 USA. EM andrews-jones_lydia@allergan.com NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0192-6233 EI 1533-1601 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 39 IS 1 BP 52 EP 57 DI 10.1177/0192623310394213 PG 6 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA 800QU UT WOS:000293379600007 PM 21212254 ER PT J AU Bolon, B Garman, RH Gundersen, HJG Johnson, GA Kaufmann, W Krinke, G Little, PB Makris, SL Mellon, RD Sulik, KK Jensen, K AF Bolon, Brad Garman, Robert H. Gundersen, Hans Jorgen G. Johnson, G. Allan Kaufmann, Wolfgang Krinke, Georg Little, Peter B. Makris, Susan L. Mellon, R. Daniel Sulik, Kathleen K. Jensen, Karl TI Continuing Education Course #3: Current Practices and Future Trends in Neuropathology Assessment for Developmental Neurotoxicity Testing SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE developmental neurotoxicity; neuropathology; risk assessment ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE MICROSCOPY; INDUCED BRAIN ABNORMALITIES; RAT-BRAIN; ACUTE INSULT; EXPOSURE; SIZE AB The continuing education course on Developmental Neurotoxicity Testing (DNT) was designed to communicate current practices for DNT neuropathology, describe promising innovations in quantitative analysis and noninvasive imaging, and facilitate a discussion among experienced neuropathologists and regulatory scientists regarding suitable DNT practices. Conventional DNT neuropathology endpoints are qualitative histopathology and morphometric endpoints of particularly vulnerable sites (e. g., cerebral, cerebellar, or hippocampal thickness). Novel imaging and stereology measurements hold promise for automated analysis of factors that cannot be effectively examined in routinely processed specimens (e. g., cell numbers, fiber tract integrity). The panel recommended that dedicated DNT neuropathology data sets be acquired on a minimum of 8 sections (for qualitative assessment) or 3 sections (for quantitative linear and stereological analyses) using a small battery of stains to examine neurons and myelin. Where guidelines permit discretion, immersion fixation is acceptable for younger animals (postnatal day 22 or earlier), and peripheral nerves may be embedded in paraffin. Frequent concerns regarding DNT data sets include false-negative outcomes due to processing difficulties (e. g., lack of concordance among sections from different animals) and insensitive analytical endpoints (e. g., qualitative evaluation) as well as false-positive results arising from overinterpretation or misreading by inexperienced pathologists. C1 [Jensen, Karl] US EPA, NHEERL, ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bolon, Brad] GEMpath Inc, Longmont, CO USA. [Garman, Robert H.] Consultants Vet Pathol, Murrysville, PA USA. [Gundersen, Hans Jorgen G.] Univ Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. [Johnson, G. Allan] Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. [Kaufmann, Wolfgang] BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany. [Little, Peter B.] Charles River Labs Inc, Durham, NC USA. [Makris, Susan L.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Mellon, R. Daniel] US FDA, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Sulik, Kathleen K.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Jensen, K (reprint author), US EPA, NHEERL, ORD, Mail Drop B105-06, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM jensen.karl@epa.gov OI Johnson, G.Allan/0000-0002-7606-5447 FU NCI NIH HHS [U24 CA092656]; NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR005959] NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0192-6233 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 39 IS 1 BP 289 EP 293 DI 10.1177/0192623310386247 PG 5 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA 800QU UT WOS:000293379600032 PM 21075916 ER PT J AU Pilli, S Bhunia, P Yan, S LeBlanc, RJ Tyagi, RD Surampalli, RY AF Pilli, Sridhar Bhunia, Puspendu Yan, Song LeBlanc, R. J. Tyagi, R. D. Surampalli, R. Y. TI Ultrasonic pretreatment of sludge: A review SO ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE Anaerobic digestion; Biological wastewater treatment; Cavitation; Waste activated sludge; Ultrasonication ID WASTE-ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; ENHANCED ANAEROBIC-DIGESTION; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; CELL DISRUPTION; EXTRACELLULAR POLYMERS; BIOLOGICAL SLUDGE; SONICATED SLUDGE; BATCH REACTOR; KINETIC-MODEL; DISINTEGRATION AB Ultrasonication is an emerging and very effective mechanical pretreatment method to enhance the biodegradability of the sludge, and it would be very useful to all wastewater treatment plants in treating and disposing sewage sludge. Ultrasonication enhances the sludge digestibility by disrupting the physical, chemical and biological properties of the sludge. The degree of disintegration depends on the sonication parameters and also on sludge characteristics, therefore the evaluation of the optimum parameters varies with the type of sonicater and sludge to be treated. The full-scale installations of ultrasonication have demonstrated that there is 50% increase in the biogas generation, and in addition evaluation of energy balance showed that the average ratio of the net energy gain to electric consumed by the ultrasound device is 2.5. This review article summarizes the benefits of ultrasonication of sludge, the effect of sonication parameters, impact of sludge characteristics on sludge disintegration, and thereby the increase in biogas production in anaerobic digester. Due to uncertainty in the unit representation by many researchers and nonavailability of the data, comparison of these results is complicated. Comparison of ultrasonication with other pretreatment options is necessary to evaluate the best economical and environmental pretreatment technology for sludge treatment and disposal. The optimum parameters for the ultrasonication vary with sludge characteristics. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pilli, Sridhar; Yan, Song; Tyagi, R. D.] INRS Eau, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Bhunia, Puspendu] Indian Inst Technol, Dept Civil Engn, Bhubaneswar 751013, Orissa, India. [LeBlanc, R. J.] GMSC, Riverview, NB E1B 1S5, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), INRS Eau, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM tyagi@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), Canada Research Chair [A4984] FX The authors are sincerely thankful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) (Grants A4984, Canada Research Chair) for financial support. The views or opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and should not be construed as opinions of USEPA. NR 115 TC 205 Z9 225 U1 9 U2 201 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4177 J9 ULTRASON SONOCHEM JI Ultrason. Sonochem. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 18 IS 1 BP 1 EP 18 DI 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2010.02.014 PG 18 WC Acoustics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Acoustics; Chemistry GA 662ZQ UT WOS:000282853200001 PM 20471901 ER PT J AU Selvakumar, A Tafuri, AN Morrison, R Sterling, R AF Selvakumar, Ariamalar Tafuri, Anthony N. Morrison, Robert Sterling, Raymond TI State of technology for renewal of sewer force mains SO URBAN WATER JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE renewal; force main; rehabilitation; cured-in place; replacement; trenchless technologies AB This paper presents the results of a review of the state of technology for renewal of force mains. Force mains are critical components of many sewer collection systems with significant environmental and cost consequences for failure. The review identified several needs, including the need for rational and common design approaches for rehabilitation systems, quality assurance/quality control procedures, and better practices for operation and maintenance. The difficulty in assessing the condition of sewer force mains, leaving many owners with questions about the integrity of their systems, and the limited amount of technologies available for renewing a deteriorated main, has limited the amount of renewal work in the past. Most of the renewal activity has involved complete replacement of the force main. As the nation's force mains age further, greater emphasis must be placed on finding cost-effective ways to renew these critical assets. Fortunately, new products and technologies are now emerging for condition assessment, as well as rehabilitation. Some newer methods developed for gravity sewers and water distribution systems are being adapted for use in force main rehabilitation but design and performance data gaps remain to be filled. C1 [Selvakumar, Ariamalar; Tafuri, Anthony N.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Urban Watershed Management Branch, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Edison, NJ USA. [Morrison, Robert] Jason Consultants, Columbus, OH USA. [Sterling, Raymond] Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71270 USA. RP Selvakumar, A (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Urban Watershed Management Branch, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Edison, NJ USA. EM selvakumar.ariamalar@epa.gov OI Sterling, Raymond/0000-0003-0587-9459 FU US Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX The US Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed, or partially funded and collaborated in, the research described herein. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 67 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1573-062X J9 URBAN WATER J JI Urban Water J. PY 2011 VL 8 IS 5 BP 279 EP 292 DI 10.1080/1573062X.2011.598171 PG 14 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 885NI UT WOS:000299785300002 ER PT J AU Butler, BA AF Butler, Barbara A. TI Effect of imposed anaerobic conditions on metals release from acid-mine drainage contaminated streambed sediments SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Iron oxyhydroxides; Manganese oxyhydroxides; Metal sulfides; Remediation ID SURFACE-PROPERTIES; ORGANIC-MATTER; ADSORPTION; IRON; SCHWERTMANNITE; SULFATE; OXIDES; GOETHITE; ELEMENTS; WATERS AB Remediation of streams influenced by mine-drainage may require removal and burial of metal-containing bed sediments. Burial of aerobic sediments into an anaerobic environment may release metals, such as through reductive dissolution of metal oxyhydroxides. Mining-impacted aerobic streambed sediments collected from North Fork Clear Creek, Colorado were held under anaerobic conditions for four months. Eh, pH, and concentrations of Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn (filtered at 1.5 mu m, 0.45 mu m, and 0.2 mu m), sulfate, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were monitored in stream water/sediment slurries. Two sediment size fractions were examined (2 mm-63 mu m and <63 mu m). Sequential extractions evaluated the mineral phase with which metals were associated in the aerobic sediment. Released Cu was re-sequestered within 5 weeks, while Fe and Mn still were present at 16 weeks. Mn concentration was lower than in the initial stream water at and beyond 14 weeks for the smaller sized sediment. Cd was not released from either sediment size fraction. Zn was released at early times, but concentrations never exceeded those present in the initial stream water and all was re-sequestered over time. The greatest concentrations of Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn were associated with the Fe/Mn reducible fraction. Sulfate and Fe were strongly correlated (r = 0.90), seeming to indicate anaerobic dissolution of iron oxy-hydroxy-sulfate minerals. DOC and sulfate were strongly correlated (r = 0.81), with iron having a moderately strong correlation with DOG (r = 0.71). Overall concentrations of DOC, sulfate, Cu, Fe, and Zn and pH were significantly higher ( p < 0.05) in the water overlying the small sized sediment samples, while the concentrations of Mn released from the larger sized sediment samples were greater. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Land Remediat & Pollut Control Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Butler, BA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Land Remediat & Pollut Control Div, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Butler.Barbara@epa.gov FU U.S. EPA, through its Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. EPA, through its Office of Research and Development, funded the research described in this manuscript. It has been administratively reviewed and approved for publishing. Citations of product, company, or trade names do not constitute endorsement by the U.S. EPA and are provided only for the purpose of better describing information in this manuscript. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 45 IS 1 BP 328 EP 336 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2010.07.077 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 704BY UT WOS:000286027300031 PM 20709348 ER PT J AU Gronewold, AD Myers, L Swall, JL Noble, RT AF Gronewold, Andrew D. Myers, Luke Swall, Jenise L. Noble, Rachel T. TI Addressing uncertainty in fecal indicator bacteria dark inactivation rates SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Water quality modeling; Fecal contamination; Bayesian; MPN; Decay rate ID SOUTHERN BRITTANY FRANCE; PROBABLE NUMBER METHOD; NEUSE RIVER ESTUARY; SERIAL DILUTIONS; VILAINE BAY; WATER; MPN; TRANSPORT; COLIFORM; DENSITY AB Assessing the potential threat of fecal contamination in surface water often depends on model forecasts which assume that fecal indicator bacteria (FIB, a proxy for the concentration of pathogens found in fecal contamination from warm-blooded animals) are lost or removed from the water column at a certain rate (often referred to as an "inactivation" rate). In efforts to reduce human health risks in these water bodies, regulators enforce limits on easily-measured FIB concentrations, commonly reported as most probable number (MPN) and colony forming unit (CFU) values. Accurate assessment of the potential threat of fecal contamination, therefore, depends on propagating uncertainty surrounding "true" FIB concentrations into MPN and CFU values, inactivation rates, model forecasts, and management decisions. Here, we explore how empirical relationships between FIB inactivation rates and extrinsic factors might vary depending on how uncertainty in MPN values is expressed. Using water samples collected from the Neuse River Estuary (NRE) in eastern North Carolina, we compare Escherichia coli (EC) and Enterococcus (ENT) dark inactivation rates derived from two statistical models of first-order loss; a conventional model employing ordinary least-squares (OLS) regression with MPN values, and a novel Bayesian model utilizing the pattern of positive wells in an IDEXX Quanti-Tray (R)/2000 test. While our results suggest that EC dark inactivation rates tend to decrease as initial EC concentrations decrease and that ENT dark inactivation rates are relatively consistent across different ENT concentrations, we find these relationships depend upon model selection and model calibration procedures. We also find that our proposed Bayesian model provides a more defensible approach to quantifying uncertainty in microbiological assessments of water quality than the conventional MPN-based model, and that our proposed model represents a new strategy for developing robust relationships between environmental factors and FIB inactivation rates, and for reducing uncertainty in water resource management decisions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Gronewold, Andrew D.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. [Swall, Jenise L.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Myers, Luke; Noble, Rachel T.] Univ N Carolina, Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. RP Gronewold, AD (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. EM drew.gronewold@noaa.gov OI Swall, Jenise/0000-0001-8728-5771; Gronewold, Andrew/0000-0002-3576-2529 FU North Carolina Division of Water Quality [EW05049]; United States Environmental Protection Agency through Office of Research and Development FX This study was partially funded by the North Carolina Division of Water Quality (Contract No. EW05049). In addition, the United States Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, partially funded and collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. This paper is GLERL contribution number 1573. The authors thank Jim Wickham, Ibrahim Alameddine, James Christian, and two anonymous reviewers for their comments on the manuscript. NR 55 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 45 IS 2 BP 652 EP 664 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2010.08.029 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 714EO UT WOS:000286790500024 PM 20843534 ER PT J AU Besner, MC Prevost, M Regli, S AF Besner, Marie-Claude Prevost, Michele Regli, Stig TI Assessing the public health risk of microbial intrusion events in distribution systems: Conceptual model, available data, and challenges SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Intrusion; Pressure; Drinking water distribution system; Microbial contamination; Transient analysis; Public health risk ID WATER DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEMS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; LOW-PRESSURE EVENTS; DRINKING-WATER; HYDRAULIC TRANSIENTS; GASTROINTESTINAL ILLNESS; PATHOGEN INTRUSION; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; DOSE-RESPONSE; TAP WATER AB Low and negative pressure events in drinking water distribution systems have the potential to result in intrusion of pathogenic microorganisms if an external source of contamination is present (e.g., nearby leaking sewer main) and there is a pathway for contaminant entry (e.g., leaks in drinking water main). While the public health risk associated with such events is not well understood, quantitative microbial risk assessment can be used to estimate such risk. A conceptual model is provided and the state of knowledge, current assumptions, and challenges associated with the conceptual model parameters are presented. This review provides a characterization of the causes, magnitudes, durations and frequencies of low/negative pressure events; pathways for pathogen entry; pathogen occurrence in external sources of contamination; volumes of water that may enter through the different pathways; fate and transport of pathogens from the pathways of entry to customer taps; pathogen exposure to populations consuming the drinking water; and risk associated with pathogen exposure. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Besner, Marie-Claude; Regli, Stig] US EPA, Off Ground Water & Drinking Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Prevost, Michele] Ecole Polytech, NSERC Ind Chair Drinking Water Civil Geol & Min E, Montreal, PQ H3C 3A7, Canada. RP Besner, MC (reprint author), US EPA, Off Ground Water & Drinking Water, Mail Code 4607M,1200 Pennsylvania Ave, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM mcbesner@polymtl.ca; michele.prevost@polymtl.ca; Regli.Stig@epamail.epa.gov FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This research was supported in part by a post-doctoral fellowship from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 105 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 3 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JAN PY 2011 VL 45 IS 3 BP 961 EP 979 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2010.10.035 PG 19 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 717NK UT WOS:000287054500001 PM 21106216 ER PT J AU Van Ginkel, SW Tang, Y Rittmann, BE AF Van Ginkel, Steven W. Tang, Youneng Rittmann, Bruce E. TI Impact of precipitation on the treatment of real ion-exchange brine using the H-2-based membrane biofilm reactor SO WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ion-exchange brine; MBfR; nitrate; salinity; solubility ID BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT; PERCHLORATE; NITRATE; DENITRIFICATION; REDUCTION; WATER AB The H-2-based membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) was used to remove nitrate and perchlorate from real ion-exchange brine at two different salinities (30- and 50-g/L NaCl). Base production from nitrate reduction to N-2 gas caused the pH to increase, and this exacerbated precipitation of calcium and magnesium carbonates onto the MBfR fibers. The precipitates lowered the H-2 flux to the biofilm and caused a deterioration of denitrification performance that could be reversed by mild citric-acid washing. The addition of acid seems to be the only mechanism to avoid serious precipitation, membrane fouling, and non-optimal pH for denitrification. C1 [Van Ginkel, Steven W.; Tang, Youneng; Rittmann, Bruce E.] Arizona State Univ, Biodesign Inst, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Van Ginkel, Steven W.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Van Ginkel, SW (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Biodesign Inst, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, POB 875701, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM steppen@asu.edu; youneng.tang@asu.edu; rittmann@asu.edu FU APTwater (Long Beach, CA) FX The authors thank Geno S. Lehman and Mohammad Badruzzaman of Montgomery-Watson-Harza for operating the IX process and supplying the brine. We also thank David A. Vaccari for help with the speciation of calcium and magnesium. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not, necessarily, reflect the official position and policies of the U. S. EPA. Any mention of the products or trade names does not constitute recommendation for use by the U. S. EPA. The authors also thank APTwater (Long Beach, CA) for their insights and partial financial support for this project. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 24 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 0273-1223 J9 WATER SCI TECHNOL JI Water Sci. Technol. PY 2011 VL 63 IS 7 BP 1453 EP 1458 DI 10.2166/wst.2011.330 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 759CK UT WOS:000290217600018 PM 21508550 ER PT J AU Cole, CA Kentula, ME AF Cole, Charles A. Kentula, Mary E. BE LePage, BA TI Monitoring and Assessment-What to Measure ... and Why SO WETLANDS: INTEGRATING MULTIDISCIPLINARY CONCEPTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WETLAND RESTORATION; WATER WETLANDS; HYDROLOGY; INDICATORS; CLASSIFICATION; VEGETATION; COMMUNITIES; MITIGATION; STRATEGIES; FREQUENCY AB It is often difficult to know what to measure when conducting a wetland assessment. There are a wide variety of variables to consider across the three main parameters-water, vegetation, and soils. To complicate things even further, the aspect of time and space must be considered if you wish to be able to make sense of your assessment. We present a discussion of water, vegetation, and soils and then give our best judgment of which variables to measure for each, and why some might be more useful than others. The merits and problems with gathering data from single visits versus multiple visits are discussed, as well as the level of expertise needed in some instances for certain variables to be useful. We do not discuss assessment and inventory methods as these will follow once you chose your assessment variables most relevant to your goals. C1 [Cole, Charles A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Landscape Architecture, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Kentula, Mary E.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Cole, CA (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Landscape Architecture, 121 Stuckeman Family Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM cac13@psu.edu; kentula.mary@epa.gov NR 61 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-94-007-0550-0 PY 2011 BP 137 EP 152 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-0551-7_8 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-0551-7 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BDF35 UT WOS:000313004700009 ER PT J AU Robertson, M Hough, P AF Robertson, Morgan Hough, Palmer BE LePage, BA TI Wetlands Regulation: The Case of Mitigation Under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act SO WETLANDS: INTEGRATING MULTIDISCIPLINARY CONCEPTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB The requirement to mitigate impacts to wetlands and streams is a frequently-misunderstood policy with a long and complicated history. We narrate the history of mitigation since the inception of the Clean Water Act Section 404 permit program in 1972, through struggles between the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the United States Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE), through the emerging importance of wetland conservation on the American political landscape, and through the rise of market-based approaches to environmental policy. Mitigation, as it is understood today, was not initially foreseen as a component of the Section 404 permitting program, but was adapted from 1978 regulations issued by the Council on Environmental Quality as a way of replacing the functions of filled wetlands where permit denials were unlikely. The Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and the ACOE agreed in 1990 to define mitigation as the three steps of avoidance, minimization, and compensation, principles which must be applied to permit decisions in the form of the environmental criteria in USEPA's 404(b)(1) Guidelines. Through the 1980s and 1990s, the compensation component of mitigation has become nearly the sole focus of mitigation policy development, and has been the subject of numerous guidances and memoranda since 1990. Avoidance and minimization have received far less policy attention, and this lack of policy development may represent a missed opportunity to implement effective wetland conservation. C1 [Robertson, Morgan] Univ Kentucky, Dept Geog, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Hough, Palmer] US EPA, Off Water, Wetlands Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Robertson, M (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Geog, 1457 Patterson Off Tower, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. EM mmrobertson@uky.edu; hough.palmer@epa.gov NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-94-007-0550-0 PY 2011 BP 171 EP 187 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-0551-7_10 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-0551-7 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BDF35 UT WOS:000313004700011 ER PT J AU Latimer, JS Rego, SA AF Latimer, James S. Rego, Steven A. TI Empirical relationship between eelgrass extent and predicted watershed-derived nitrogen loading for shallow New England estuaries SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE New England; eutrophication; estuary; watershed nitrogen; eelgrass; Zostera marina ID SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION; ZOSTERA-MARINA; WAQUOIT BAY; SEAGRASS ECOSYSTEMS; COASTAL WATERSHEDS; UNITED-STATES; EUTROPHICATION; NUTRIENT; LIGHT; MODEL AB Seagrasses provide important ecological services that directly or indirectly benefit human well-being and the environment. Excess nitrogen inputs are a major cause of eelgrass loss in the marine environment. Here we describe the results of a study aimed at quantifying the extent of eelgrass as a function of predicted watershed-derived nitrogen loading for small-to-medium-sized shallow estuaries in New England. Findings confirm that reduced extent of eelgrass corresponds to increased loading of nitrogen to this class of estuary. At lower levels of nitrogen loading (<= 50 Kg ha(-1) yr(-1)), eelgrass extent is variable and is likely controlled by other ecosystem factors unrelated to water quality. At higher loading rates, eelgrass coverage decreases markedly, with essentially no eelgrass at loading levels >= 100 Kg ha(-1) yr(-1). Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Latimer, James S.; Rego, Steven A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Latimer, JS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM latimer.jim@epa.gov; rego.steven@epa.gov RI Latimer, James/C-1632-2009 OI Latimer, James/0000-0002-6722-520X FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX We would like to express our appreciation for the data and creative insights provided by the following colleagues: Paul Stacey (CT DEP), Scott Duerr (Town of Westerly), Scott Nixon (URI), Steve Halterman (MA DEP), Russell Isaac (MA DEP), Tom Halavik (US FWS), Jamie Vaudrey (University of Connecticut), and Ivan Valiela (Marine Biological Laboratory), and the EPA technical reviewers. Special thanks to Jason Grear for his help with R statistics. These varied and insightful contributions added significantly to the quality of this manuscript. Although the research described in this article has been funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, it has not been subjected to Agency review. Therefore, it does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. AED contribution number AED - 09-070. NR 60 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 20 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0272-7714 EI 1096-0015 J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. PD DEC 30 PY 2010 VL 90 IS 4 BP 231 EP 240 DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2010.09.004 PG 10 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 692QC UT WOS:000285169200008 ER PT J AU Lavoie, ET Heine, LG Holder, H Rossi, MS Lee, RE Connor, EA Vrabel, MA Difiore, DM Davies, CL AF Lavoie, Emma T. Heine, Lauren G. Holder, Helen Rossi, Mark S. Lee, Robert E., II Connor, Emily A. Vrabel, Melanie A. Difiore, David M. Davies, Clive L. TI Chemical Alternatives Assessment: Enabling Substitution to Safer Chemicals SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 [Lavoie, Emma T.; Lee, Robert E., II; Vrabel, Melanie A.; Difiore, David M.; Davies, Clive L.] US EPA, Design Environm Program, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Connor, Emily A.] ABT Associates Inc, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Heine, Lauren G.; Rossi, Mark S.] Clean Prod Act, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Holder, Helen] Hewlett Packard Corp, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Lavoie, ET (reprint author), US EPA, Design Environm Program, 1200 Penn Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM lavoie.emma@epa.gov NR 13 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 15 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 24 BP 9244 EP 9249 DI 10.1021/es1015789 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 694AK UT WOS:000285266900002 PM 21062050 ER PT J AU Anastas, PT Sonich-Mullin, C Fried, B AF Anastas, Paul T. Sonich-Mullin, Cynthia Fried, Becky TI Designing Science in a Crisis: The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Anastas, Paul T.; Sonich-Mullin, Cynthia; Fried, Becky] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Anastas, PT (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM anastas.paul@epa.gov; sonich-mullin.cynthia@epa.gov RI Anastas, Paul/L-3258-2013 OI Anastas, Paul/0000-0003-4777-5172 NR 4 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 15 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 24 BP 9250 EP 9251 DI 10.1021/es103700x PG 2 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 694AK UT WOS:000285266900003 PM 21073186 ER PT J AU Breen, MS Breen, M Williams, RW Schultz, BD AF Breen, Michael S. Breen, Miyuki Williams, Ronald W. Schultz, Bradley D. TI Predicting Residential Air Exchange Rates from Questionnaires and Meteorology: Model Evaluation in Central North Carolina SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PARTICULATE MATTER PANEL; UNITED-STATES; EXPOSURE; INDOOR; DISTRIBUTIONS; OUTDOOR; PM2.5; WIND AB A critical aspect of air pollution exposure models is the estimation of the air exchange rate (AER) of individual homes, where people spend most of their time. The AER, which is the airflow into and out of a building, is a primary mechanism for entry of outdoor air pollutants and removal of indoor source emissions. The mechanistic Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL) AER model was linked to a leakage area model to predict AER from questionnaires and meteorology. The LBL model was also extended to include natural ventilation (LBLX). Using literature-reported parameter values, AER predictions from LBL and LBLX models were compared to data from 642 daily AER measurements across 31 detached homes in central North Carolina, with corresponding questionnaires and meteorological observations. Data was collected on seven consecutive days during each of four consecutive seasons. For the individual model-predicted and measured AER, the median absolute difference was 43% (0.17 h(-1)) and 40% (0.17 h(-1)) for the LBL and LBLX models, respectively. Additionally, a literature-reported empirical scale factor (SF) AER model was evaluated, which showed a median absolute difference of 50% (0.25 h(-1)). The capability of the LBL, LBLX, and SF models could help reduce the AER uncertainty in air pollution exposure models used to develop exposure metrics for health studies. C1 [Breen, Michael S.; Williams, Ronald W.; Schultz, Bradley D.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Breen, Miyuki] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Breen, Miyuki] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Math, Biomath Grad Program, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Breen, MS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM breen.michael@epa.gov FU U.S. EPA through Office of Research and Development [68-D-99-012, CR-828186]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; North Carolina State University [CT833235-01-0] FX We thank Tom Long, Jennifer Richmond-Bryant, Lisa Baxter, Alexander Schneider, Haluk Ozkaynak, Alan Vette, Zhishi Guo, and Ronald Mosley for review comments and helpful suggestions. We acknowledge Charles Rodes and the staff of RTI International for their efforts in collecting the household survey data. The U.S. EPA through its Office of Research and Development designed, funded, and managed the RTP Panel Study described here under contract 68-D-99-012 to the RTI International and to Shaw University under collaborative agreement CR-828186. M.B. was supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Cooperative Training Program in Environmental Sciences Research with North Carolina State University, Training Agreement CT833235-01-0. Although the manuscript was reviewed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and approved for publication, it may not necessarily reflect official Agency policy. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 32 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 15 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 24 BP 9349 EP 9356 DI 10.1021/es101800k PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 694AK UT WOS:000285266900019 PM 21069949 ER PT J AU Schaum, J Cohen, M Perry, S Artz, R Draxler, R Frithsen, JB Heist, D Lorber, M Phillips, L AF Schaum, John Cohen, Mark Perry, Steven Artz, Richard Draxler, Roland Frithsen, Jeffrey B. Heist, David Lorber, Matthew Phillips, Linda TI Screening Level Assessment of Risks Due to Dioxin Emissions from Burning Oil from the BP Deepwater Horizon Gulf of Mexico Spill SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INDUSTRIAL SOURCE APPLICATIONS; DISPERSION MODEL; DEPOSITION; AERMOD AB Between April 28 and July 19 of 2010, the U.S. Coast Guard conducted in situ oil burns as one approach used for the management of oil spilled after the explosion and subsequent sinking of the BP Deepwater Horizon platform in the Gulf of Mexico. The purpose of this paper is to describe a screening level assessment of the exposures and risks posed by the dioxin emissions from these fires. Using upper estimates for the oil burn emission factor, modeled air and fish concentrations, and conservative exposure assumptions, the potential cancer risk was estimated for three scenarios: inhalation exposure to workers, inhalation exposure to residents on the mainland, and fish ingestion exposures to residents. U.S. EPA's AERMOD model was used to estimate air concentrations in the immediate vicinity of the oil burns and NOAA's HYSPLIT model was used to estimate more distant air concentrations and deposition rates. The lifetime incremental cancer risks were estimated as 6 x 10(-8) for inhalation by workers, 6 x 10(-12) for inhalation by onshore residents, and 6 x 10(-8) for fish consumption by residents. For all scenarios, the risk estimates represent upper bounds and actual risks would be expected to be less. C1 [Schaum, John; Frithsen, Jeffrey B.; Lorber, Matthew; Phillips, Linda] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Perry, Steven; Heist, David] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Cohen, Mark; Artz, Richard; Draxler, Roland] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Schaum, J (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM schaum.john@epa.gov RI Artz, Richard/P-6371-2015; Cohen, Mark/P-6936-2015 OI Artz, Richard/0000-0002-1335-0697; Cohen, Mark/0000-0003-3183-2558 NR 30 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 6 U2 60 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 15 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 24 BP 9383 EP 9389 DI 10.1021/es103559w PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 694AK UT WOS:000285266900024 PM 21073188 ER PT J AU Aurell, J Gullett, BK AF Aurell, Johanna Gullett, Brian K. TI Aerostat Sampling of PCDD/PCDF Emissions from the Gulf Oil Spill In Situ Burns SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FIRES AB Emissions from the in situ burning of oil in the Gulf of Mexico after the catastrophic failure of the Deepwater Horizon drilling platform were sampled for polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/PCDF). A battery-operated instrument package was lofted into the plumes of 27 surface oil fires over a period of four days via a tethered aerostat to determine and characterize emissions of PCDD/PCDF. A single composite sample resulted in an emission factor of 2.0 ng toxic equivalency (TEQ) per kg of carbon burned, or 1.7 ng TEO per kg of oil burned, determined by a carbon balance method. Carbon was measured as CO(2) plus particulate matter, the latter of which has an emission factor of 0.088 kg/kg carbon burned. The average plume concentration approximately 200-300 m from the fire and about 75-200 m above sea level was <0.0002 ng TEQ/m(3). C1 [Gullett, Brian K.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Gullett, BK (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gullett.brian@epa.gov RI Aurell, Johanna/L-2046-2013 FU U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development; National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA; U.S. EPA [EP-C-09-27] FX This work was funded and managed by the U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development. This research was performed while Johanna Aurell held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA. Technical support for the sampling mission was provided by Arcadis-US, Inc., under contract EP-C-09-27 with the U.S. EPA. The aerostat piloting expertise provided by Rob Gribble (ISSI, Inc.) and field crew support from Cheryl A. Hawkins (U.S. EPA/OSRTI/ERT), Chris Pressley (U.S. EPA/ORD/NRMRL), James Staves (U.S. EPA Region 6), and Steve Terll (Arcadis-US, Inc.) was critical and much appreciated. The crews of the MV Allison and MV Jamie G. are thanked for their hospitality and accommodation. The authors recognize the critical analytical support and specialized expertise provided by Dennis Tabor (U.S. EPA/ORD/NRMRL), Barbara Wyrzykowska and Mike Tufts (Arcadis-US, Inc.), and Joseph Ferrario (U.S. EPA/OCSPP/OPP). The authors acknowledge the quality assurance, on-site audits during both the sampling and analysis phases, and procurement support of Robert Wright and Paul Groff (U.S. EPA/ORD/NRMRL). Many people were critically involved in the development, preparation, and implementation of the sampling plan, including Sam Coleman (U.S. EPA Region 6), Wyman Briggs and MSTCS Andrew Jaeger (USCG), Peter Collinson (BP), Jeffrey Frithsen and John Schaum (U.S. EPA/ORD/NCEA), Marshall Gray (U.S. EPA/ORD/NERL), Marc Greenberg and Brian Kovak (U.S. EPA/OSRTI/ERT), Dave Guinnup and Richard Wayland (U.S. EPA/OAR/OAQPS), Nancy Jones and Jon Raucher (U.S. EPA Region 6), Stacey Katz and Gail Robarge (U.S. EPA/ORD/NCER), Shawn Ryan, Paul Lemieux, and Cynthia Sonich-Mullin (U.S. EPA/ORD/NHSRC), Deborah McKean (U.S. EPA Region 8), Dana Tulis (U.S. EPA/OSWER/OEM), and Lee Ann Veal (U.S. EPA/OAR/ORIA). The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. EPA. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 23 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 3 U2 33 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 15 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 24 BP 9431 EP 9437 DI 10.1021/es103554y PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 694AK UT WOS:000285266900031 PM 21073185 ER PT J AU Costanza, J Otano, G Callaghan, J Pennell, KD AF Costanza, Jed Otano, Gretell Callaghan, John Pennell, Kurt D. TI PCE Oxidation by Sodium Persulfate in the Presence of Solids SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATED PERSULFATE; KINETICS; DEGRADATION; CHEMISTRY; WATER AB Batch reactor experiments were performed to determine the effects of solids on the oxidation of tetracholoroethylene (PCE) by sodium persulfate in aqueous solution. Based on the rates of PCE degradation and chloride formation, PCE oxidation by heat-activated sodium persulfate at 50 degrees C in the presence of solids ranged from no detectable oxidation of PCE to the levels observed in water-only reactors. Repeated doses of sodium persulfate, undertaken to overcome the inherent solids oxidant demand, improved the rate and extent of PCE oxidation in reactors containing reference solids; however, no improvement was observed in reactors containing field soils. Additionally, no improvements in PCE oxidation were observed after pretreating Great Lakes and Appling soils with ca. 15 g/kg of sodium persulfate or 30% hydrogen peroxide to remove oxidizable fractions, or acetic acid to remove the carbonate fraction. Based on these results, in situ treatment of Great Lakes and Appling soils with heat-activated sodium persulfate is not anticipated to result in substantial PCE oxidation, while in situ treatment of Fort Lewis soils is anticipated to result in PCE oxidation. This work demonstrates the need to perform soil-specific contaminant treatability tests rather than soil oxidant demand tests when determining oxidant dosage requirements. C1 [Costanza, Jed; Otano, Gretell; Callaghan, John; Pennell, Kurt D.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Costanza, J (reprint author), US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM costanza.jed@epa.gov RI Pennell, Kurt/F-6862-2010 OI Pennell, Kurt/0000-0002-5788-6397 FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) [W912HQ-05-C-008, ER-1419]; GeorgiaTech FX The authors thank Kyra P. Lynch and Jeff Powers, United States Corps of Engineers, Seattle District, and Robert Davis, Jr., Tetra Tech NUS, Inc. for providing access to soil and groundwater samples. Support for this research was provided by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) under contract W912HQ-05-C-008 for Project ER-1419, "Investigation of Chemical Reactivity, Mass Recovery and Biological Activity During Thermal Treatment of DNAPL" and by a GeorgiaTech Presidential Undergraduate Research Award to John Callaghan. This work has not been subject to SERDP review, and no official endorsement should be inferred, NR 14 TC 23 Z9 27 U1 4 U2 57 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 15 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 24 BP 9445 EP 9450 DI 10.1021/es100997a PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 694AK UT WOS:000285266900033 PM 21070044 ER PT J AU Jordan, KC Knuth, ML Moyer-Mileur, LJ Larson, RR Sherwood, BE McNutt, S Quackenboss, JJ Viet, SM Melnyk, LJ AF Jordan, Kristine C. Knuth, Marilyn L. Moyer-Mileur, Laurie J. Larson, Rodney R. Sherwood, Barbara E. McNutt, Suzanne Quackenboss, James J. Viet, Susan M. Melnyk, Lisa J. TI Feasibility of community food item collection for the National Children's Study SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE National Children's Study; Children; Diet and nutrition; Community; Pesticides ID PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; DIETARY EXPOSURE; DAY-CARE; PESTICIDES; ENVIRONMENTS; HOME AB Background: The National Children's Study proposes to investigate biological, chemical, physical, and psychosocial environmental exposures and their role on health outcomes in pregnant women and children. One specific area of concern is contaminant exposure through the ingestion of solid foods. National food contaminant databases may miss dietary exposures unique to specific communities and sources of food. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of community food item collection for the assessment of pesticide exposure in pregnant women and young children. Methods: A prospective observational design was used to test the food collection protocol in mothers (n = 45) of children aged 15-24 months in Salt Lake City, Utah. Foods for collection were based on: 1) frequency of different foods consumed by the target population as determined by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data; 2) child food frequency questionnaire; and 3) likelihood of pesticide contamination in the foods. Assessment measures included: demographics, environmental health survey, quality assurance checklist, and participant evaluation form. Results: An average of three food items were obtained from 44 households, yielding a collection rate of 97.8%. Overall, 100% of the food samples were rated as acceptable. Moreover, a vast majority of mothers reported that the study was not burdensome (95.5%) and that preparing the food sample was easy (93.2%). Conclusions: This study suggests that the community food item collection methodology shows promise as a low-burden approach for capturing dietary exposures on a household level, and appears to be a feasible tool for large population studies to assess dietary exposures unique to specific communities. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved. C1 [Jordan, Kristine C.] Univ Utah, Div Nutr, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Knuth, Marilyn L.] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. [Moyer-Mileur, Laurie J.] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Ctr Pediat Nutr Res, Salt Lake City, UT 84158 USA. [Larson, Rodney R.] Univ Utah, Dept Family & Prevent Med, Rocky Mt Ctr Occ & Env Hlth, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA. [Sherwood, Barbara E.] Promise Hosp Salt Lake, Salt Lake City, UT 84102 USA. [McNutt, Suzanne; Viet, Susan M.] Westat Corp, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Quackenboss, James J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Melnyk, Lisa J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Jordan, KC (reprint author), Univ Utah, Div Nutr, 250 South,1850 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM kristine.jordan@hsc.utah.edu; marilyn.knuth@hsc.utah.edu; laurie.moyer-mileur@hsc.utah.edu; rod.larson@hsc.utah.edu; b.sherwood@comcast.net; SusieMcNutt@westat.com; Quackenboss.james@epamail.epa.gov; susanviet@westat.com; melnyk.lisa@epamail.epa.gov RI Quackenboss, James/I-1960-2013 NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD DEC 15 PY 2010 VL 409 IS 2 BP 307 EP 313 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.10.018 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 707NW UT WOS:000286294300009 PM 21067794 ER PT J AU Hughes, MF Edwards, BC Herbin-Davis, KM Saunders, J Styblo, M Thomas, DJ AF Hughes, Michael F. Edwards, Brenda C. Herbin-Davis, Karen M. Saunders, Jesse Styblo, Miroslav Thomas, David J. TI Arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase genotype affects steady-state distribution and clearance of arsenic in arsenate-treated mice SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Arsenic; Methylation; Arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase; Gene knockout; Mouse ID ATOMIC-ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY; URINARY-EXCRETION; DRINKING-WATER; METHYLATED METABOLITES; TRIVALENT ARSENICALS; DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; TOXICITY; CANCER; BLADDER AB Arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase (As3mt) catalyzes formation of mono d1 and tri methylated metabolites of inorganic arsenic Distribution and retention of arsenic were compared in adult female As3mt knockout mice and wild-type C57BL/6 mice using a regimen in which mice received daily oral doses of 05 mg of arsenic as arsenate per kilogram of body weight Regardless of genotype arsenic body burdens attained steady state alter 10 daily doses At steady state arsenic body burdens in As3mt knockout mice were 16 to 20 times greater than in wild-type mice During the post dosing clearance period arsenic body burdens declined in As3mt knockout mice to similar to 35% and in wild-type mice to similar to 10% of steady-state levels Urinary concentration of arsenic was significantly lower in As3mt knockout mice than in wild type mice At steady state As3mt knockout mice had significantly higher fractions of the body burden of arsenic in liver kidney and urinary bladder than did wild-type mice These organs and lung had significantly higher arsenic concentrations than did corresponding organs from wild-type mice Inorganic arsenic was the predominant species in tissues of As3mt knockout mice tissues from wild type mice contained mixtures of inorganic arsenic and its methylated metabolites Diminished capacity for arsenic methylanon in As3mt knockout mice prolongs retention of inorganic arsenic in tissues and affects whole body clearance of arsenic Altered retention and tissue tropism of arsenic in As3mt knockout mice could affect the toxic or carcinogenic effects associated with exposure to this metalloid or its methylated metabolites (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Inc C1 [Hughes, Michael F.; Edwards, Brenda C.; Herbin-Davis, Karen M.; Thomas, David J.] US EPA, Pharmacokinet Branch, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div,Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Saunders, Jesse; Styblo, Miroslav] Univ N Carolina, Dept Nutr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Thomas, DJ (reprint author), US EPA, Pharmacokinet Branch, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div,Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. FU Gillings Innovation Laboratory [GIL 200710 0028]; NIH [2R01ES010845-06A1]; Nutrition Obesity Research Center [DK 56350] FX We thank Professor William Cullen for the generous gift of trimethylarsine oxide Ms Grace Lee and Ms Felicia Walton provided assistance in processing of tissues for arsenic speciation analysis Analytical chemistry support was provided in part by a Gillings Innovation Laboratory grant (GIL 200710 0028) to MS Additional support was provided to MS by NIH 2R01ES010845-06A1 and a Nutrition Obesity Research Center grant DK 56350 This article has been reviewed in accordance with the policy of the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory US Environmental Protection Agency and has been approved for publication Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Agency nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use NR 43 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD DEC 15 PY 2010 VL 249 IS 3 BP 217 EP 223 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2010.09.017 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 683UC UT WOS:000284499700003 PM 20887743 ER PT J AU Sobus, JR Pleil, JD McClean, MD Herrick, RF Rappaport, SM AF Sobus, Jon R. Pleil, Joachim D. McClean, Michael D. Herrick, Robert F. Rappaport, Stephen M. TI Biomarker variance component estimation for exposure surrogate selection and toxicokinetic inference SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Review DE Biomarkers; Exposure; Variance components; PAHs ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; ASPHALT PAVING WORKERS; DERMAL EXPOSURE; INHALATION; DETERMINANTS; VARIABILITY; BREATH; BLOOD; AIR AB Biomarkers are useful exposure surrogates given their ability to integrate exposures through all routes and to reflect interindividual differences in toxicokinetic processes. Also, biomarker concentrations tend to vary less than corresponding environmental measurements, making them less-biasing surrogates for exposure. In this article, urinary PAH biomarkers (namely, urinary naphthalene [U-Nap]; urinary phenanthrene [U-Phe]; 1-hydroxypyrene [1-OH-Pyr]; and 1-, (2+3)-, 4-, and 9-hydroxyphenanthrene [1-, (2+3)-, 4-, and 9-OH-Phe]) were evaluated as surrogates for exposure to hot asphalt emissions using data from 20 road-paving workers. Linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate the within- and between-person components of variance for each urinary biomarker. The ratio of within- to between-person variance was then used to estimate the biasing effects of each biomarker on a theoretical exposure-response relationship. Mixed models were also used to estimate the amounts of variation in Phe metabolism to individual OH-Phe isomers that could be attributed to Phe exposure (as represented by U-Phe concentrations) and covariates representing time, hydration level, smoking status, age, and body mass index. Results showed that 1-OH-Phe, (2+3)-OH-Phe, and 1-OH-Pyr were the least-biasing surrogates for exposure to hot asphalt emissions, and that effects of hydration level and sample collection time substantially inflated bias estimates for the urinary biomarkers. Mixed-model results for the individual OH-Phe isomers showed that between 63% and 82% of the observed biomarker variance was collectively explained by Phe exposure, the time and day of sample collection, and the hydration level, smoking status, body mass index, and age of each worker. By difference, the model results also showed that, depending on the OH-Phe isomer, a maximum of 6-23% of the total biomarker variance was attributable to differences in unobserved toxicokinetic processes between the workers. Therefore, toxicokinetic processes are probably less influential on urinary biomarker variance than are exposures and observable covariate effects. The methods described in this analysis should be considered for the selection and interpretation of biomarkers as exposure surrogates in future exposure investigations. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Sobus, Jon R.; Pleil, Joachim D.] US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [McClean, Michael D.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Herrick, Robert F.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Exposure Epidemiol & Risk Program, Dept Environm Hlth,Landmark Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Rappaport, Stephen M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sobus, JR (reprint author), US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail Code E205-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM sobus.jon@epa.gov; pleil.joachim@epa.gov; mmcclean@bu.edu; herrick@hohp.harvard.edu; srappaport@berkeley.edu RI McClean, Michael/J-2934-2015; OI McClean, Michael/0000-0002-3902-8823; Pleil, Joachim/0000-0001-8211-0796 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development; National Cancer Institute [R01 CA74413-03]; National Institutes of Health; National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences [T32ES07018, P42ES05948, P30ES10126] FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Additional funding was provided by the National Cancer Institute (grant R01 CA74413-03) and the National Institutes of Health; National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences (training grant T32ES07018, research grant P42ES05948, and center grant P30ES10126). The authors are grateful for the expert advice and assistance from Peter Egeghy, Rogelio Tornero-Velez, Ronald Williams, Donald Whitaker, Marsha Morgan, Roy Fortmann, and Linda Sheldon of U.S. EPA, Suramya Waidyanatha of NIEHS, David Kim of Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc., and Lawrence Kupper of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. NR 18 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD DEC 15 PY 2010 VL 199 IS 3 BP 247 EP 253 DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.09.006 PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 694UT UT WOS:000285325200007 PM 20851754 ER PT J AU Bierwagen, BG Theobald, DM Pyke, CR Choate, A Groth, P Thomas, JV Morefield, P AF Bierwagen, Britta G. Theobald, David M. Pyke, Christopher R. Choate, Anne Groth, Philip Thomas, John V. Morefield, Philip TI National housing and impervious surface scenarios for integrated climate impact assessments SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE urbanization; land planning; water quality ID LAND-USE CHANGE; CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; TRENDS; EUROPE; STREAM; COVER AB Understanding the impacts of climate change on people and the environment requires an understanding of the dynamics of both climate and land use/land cover changes. A range of future climate scenarios is available for the conterminous United States that have been developed based on widely used international greenhouse gas emissions storylines. Climate scenarios derived from these emissions storylines have not been matched with logically consistent land use/cover maps for the United States. This gap is a critical barrier to conducting effective integrated assessments. This study develops novel national scenarios of housing density and impervious surface cover that are logically consistent with emissions storylines. Analysis of these scenarios suggests that combinations of climate and land use/cover can be important in determining environmental conditions regulated under the Clean Air and Clean Water Acts. We found significant differences in patterns of habitat loss and the distribution of potentially impaired watersheds among scenarios, indicating that compact development patterns can reduce habitat loss and the number of impaired watersheds. These scenarios are also associated with lower global greenhouse gas emissions and, consequently, the potential to reduce both the drivers of anthropogenic climate change and the impacts of changing conditions. The residential housing and impervious surface datasets provide a substantial first step toward comprehensive national land use/land cover scenarios, which have broad applicability for integrated assessments as these data and tools are publicly available. C1 [Theobald, David M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Human Dimens Nat Resources, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Theobald, David M.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Bierwagen, Britta G.; Morefield, Philip] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Global Change Res Program, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Pyke, Christopher R.] US Green Bldg Council, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Choate, Anne; Groth, Philip] ICF Int, Washington, DC 20006 USA. [Thomas, John V.] US EPA, Off Policy Econ & Innovat, Dev Commun & Environm Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Theobald, DM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Human Dimens Nat Resources, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM davet@cnr.colostate.edu FU US Environmental Protection Agency [GS-10F-0234J, 1101] FX This research was supported by Contract GS-10F-0234J, US Environmental Protection Agency Order No. 1101. This report has undergone internal, public, and external review (EPA/600/R-08/076A). NR 29 TC 70 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 32 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD DEC 7 PY 2010 VL 107 IS 49 BP 20887 EP 20892 DI 10.1073/pnas.1002096107 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 690ZY UT WOS:000285050800011 PM 21078956 ER PT J AU de Gonzalez, AB Hartge, P Cerhan, JR Flint, AJ Hannan, L MacInnis, RJ Moore, SC Tobias, GS Anton-Culver, H Freeman, LB Beeson, WL Clipp, SL English, DR Folsom, AR Freedman, DM Giles, G Hakansson, N Henderson, KD Hoffman-Bolton, J Hoppin, JA Koenig, KL Lee, IM Linet, MS Park, Y Pocobelli, G Schatzkin, A Sesso, HD Weiderpass, E Willcox, BJ Wolk, A Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, A Willett, WC Thun, MJ AF de Gonzalez, Amy Berrington Hartge, Patricia Cerhan, James R. Flint, Alan J. Hannan, Lindsay MacInnis, Robert J. Moore, Steven C. Tobias, Geoffrey S. Anton-Culver, Hoda Freeman, Laura Beane Beeson, W. Lawrence Clipp, Sandra L. English, Dallas R. Folsom, Aaron R. Freedman, D. Michal Giles, Graham Hakansson, Niclas Henderson, Katherine D. Hoffman-Bolton, Judith Hoppin, Jane A. Koenig, Karen L. Lee, I-Min Linet, Martha S. Park, Yikyung Pocobelli, Gaia Schatzkin, Arthur Sesso, Howard D. Weiderpass, Elisabete Willcox, Bradley J. Wolk, Alicja Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne Willett, Walter C. Thun, Michael J. TI Body-Mass Index and Mortality among 1.46 Million White Adults. SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CANCER SCREENING TRIAL; LOW-DOSE ASPIRIN; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; BREAST-CANCER; PRIMARY PREVENTION; UNITED-STATES; PREDICTING MORTALITY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; WOMENS HEALTH AB Background: A high body-mass index (BMI, the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) is associated with increased mortality from cardiovascular disease and certain cancers, but the precise relationship between BMI and all-cause mortality remains uncertain. Methods: We used Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for an association between BMI and all-cause mortality, adjusting for age, study, physical activity, alcohol consumption, education, and marital status in pooled data from 19 prospective studies encompassing 1.46 million white adults, 19 to 84 years of age (median, 58). Results: The median baseline BMI was 26.2. During a median follow-up period of 10 years (range, 5 to 28), 160,087 deaths were identified. Among healthy participants who never smoked, there was a J-shaped relationship between BMI and all-cause mortality. With a BMI of 22.5 to 24.9 as the reference category, hazard ratios among women were 1.47 (95 percent confidence interval [CI], 1.33 to 1.62) for a BMI of 15.0 to 18.4; 1.14 (95% CI, 1.07 to 1.22) for a BMI of 18.5 to 19.9; 1.00 (95% CI, 0.96 to 1.04) for a BMI of 20.0 to 22.4; 1.13 (95% CI, 1.09 to 1.17) for a BMI of 25.0 to 29.9; 1.44 (95% CI, 1.38 to 1.50) for a BMI of 30.0 to 34.9; 1.88 (95% CI, 1.77 to 2.00) for a BMI of 35.0 to 39.9; and 2.51 (95% CI, 2.30 to 2.73) for a BMI of 40.0 to 49.9. In general, the hazard ratios for the men were similar. Hazard ratios for a BMI below 20.0 were attenuated with longer-term follow-up. Conclusions: In white adults, overweight and obesity (and possibly underweight) are associated with increased all-cause mortality. All-cause mortality is generally lowest with a BMI of 20.0 to 24.9. N Engl J Med 2010;363:2211-9. C1 [de Gonzalez, Amy Berrington] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Cerhan, James R.] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Div Epidemiol, Rochester, MN USA. [Flint, Alan J.; Willett, Walter C.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Sesso, Howard D.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Prevent Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Sesso, Howard D.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Aging, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Lee, I-Min] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Hannan, Lindsay; Thun, Michael J.] Amer Canc Soc, Dept Epidemiol & Surveillance Res, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [MacInnis, Robert J.; English, Dallas R.] Univ Melbourne, Ctr Mol Environm Genet & Analyt Epidemiol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Giles, Graham] Canc Council Victoria, Canc Epidemiol Ctr, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [MacInnis, Robert J.] Univ Cambridge, Canc Res UK Genet Epidemiol Unit, Cambridge, England. [Anton-Culver, Hoda] Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. [Beeson, W. Lawrence] Loma Linda Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Loma Linda, CA 92350 USA. [Henderson, Katherine D.] City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Dept Populat Sci, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. [Clipp, Sandra L.; Hoffman-Bolton, Judith] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Folsom, Aaron R.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Hakansson, Niclas; Wolk, Alicja] Karolinska Inst, Natl Inst Environm Med, Div Nutr Epidemiol, Stockholm, Sweden. [Weiderpass, Elisabete] Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Stockholm, Sweden. [Hoppin, Jane A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Koenig, Karen L.; Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Environm Med, New York, NY USA. [Pocobelli, Gaia] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Pocobelli, Gaia] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Canc Prevent Program, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Weiderpass, Elisabete] Canc Registry Norway, Oslo, Norway. [Weiderpass, Elisabete] Dept Community Med, Tromso, Norway. [Weiderpass, Elisabete] Samfundet Folkhalsan, Helsinki, Finland. [Willcox, Bradley J.] Pacific Hlth Res Inst, Honolulu, HI USA. [Willcox, Bradley J.] Queens Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. RP de Gonzalez, AB (reprint author), NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, Rm 7034,6120 Execut Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM berringtona@mail.nih.gov RI Hakansson, Niclas/L-7913-2013; Tobias, Geoffrey/M-4135-2016; Weiderpass, Elisabete/M-4029-2016; Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015; Moore, Steven/D-8760-2016; OI English, Dallas/0000-0001-7828-8188; Park, Yikyung/0000-0002-6281-489X; Hakansson, Niclas/0000-0001-7673-5554; Tobias, Geoffrey/0000-0002-2878-8253; Weiderpass, Elisabete/0000-0003-2237-0128; Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124; Moore, Steven/0000-0002-8169-1661; Giles, Graham/0000-0003-4946-9099 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH); Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH; Iovate Health Sciences USA FX Supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH. Details regarding funding for the individual studies are listed in the Supplementary Appendix.; Dr. Sesso reports receiving consulting fees from Iovate Health Sciences USA. No other potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported. NR 45 TC 418 Z9 429 U1 5 U2 60 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD DEC 2 PY 2010 VL 363 IS 23 BP 2211 EP 2219 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 688EP UT WOS:000284832900008 ER PT J AU Carbone, M Baris, YI Bertino, P Brass, B Dogan, U Emri, S Gaudino, G Gultekin, M Jube, S Kanodia, S Lockey, J Partridge, CR Rinaudo, C Rivera, Z Ryan, PH Sens, MA Steele, I Tuncer, M Way, S Yang, H Miller, A AF Carbone, M. Baris, Y. I. Bertino, P. Brass, B. Dogan, U. Emri, S. Gaudino, G. Gultekin, M. Jube, S. Kanodia, S. Lockey, J. Partridge, C. R. Rinaudo, C. Rivera, Z. Ryan, P. H. Sens, M. A. Steele, I. Tuncer, M. Way, S. Yang, H. Miller, A. TI Erionite Exposure in North Dakota is Comparable to That Found in Turkish Villages Which Experience a High Incidence of Mesothelioma SO JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Carbone, M.; Bertino, P.; Gaudino, G.; Jube, S.; Kanodia, S.; Rivera, Z.; Yang, H.] Univ Hawaii, Univ Hawaii Canc Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Baris, Y. I.; Emri, S.; Tuncer, M.] Hacettepe Univ, Ankara, Turkey. [Brass, B.; Partridge, C. R.; Way, S.] US EPA, Denver, CO USA. [Dogan, U.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Gultekin, M.; Tuncer, M.] Turkish Minist Hlth, Ankara, Turkey. [Lockey, J.; Ryan, P. H.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Rinaudo, C.] Univ Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy. [Rivera, Z.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Mol Biosci & Bioengn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Sens, M. A.] Univ N Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. [Steele, I.] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Yang, H.] Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Miller, A.] NIEHS, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1556-0864 J9 J THORAC ONCOL JI J. Thorac. Oncol. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 5 IS 12 SU 7 BP S561 EP S561 PG 1 WC Oncology; Respiratory System SC Oncology; Respiratory System GA 690HQ UT WOS:000284994100154 ER PT J AU Tal, A Gordon, J AF Tal, Alon Gordon, Jessica TI Carbon Cautious: Israel's Afforestation Experience and Approach to Sequestration SO SMALL-SCALE FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE Forestry policies; Israel; Carbon; Sequestration ID PINUS-HALEPENSIS; ALEPPO PINE; ORGANIC-CARBON; SOIL; FORESTS; CLIMATE; PLANTATIONS; POLICY; BIODIVERSITY; PROVENANCES AB During the past 60 years, afforestation has transformed Israel's landscape, with forests planted or planned on 10% of the country's land, much of it with less than 300 mm of annual precipitation. After early efforts to establish a successful commercial timber industry failed, recreation and ecosystem services came to dominate forestry policy objectives. Given Israel's status as a 'developing country' under the Kyoto Protocol, forests' economic potential through carbon sequestration has been explored, but has not yet proven to be compelling. Several considerations cooled initial enthusiasm for seeking international carbon credits through afforestation. These include administrative obstacles associated with international accreditation, limited potential economic profitability, and ethical considerations. Rather, a voluntary offsetting program was adopted, allowing donors to plant trees in Israel, that balance individual carbon emissions. Afforestation in drylands exhibit meaningful potential to counteract chronic carbon loss due to land degradation. As trees planted in Israel's semi-arid regions exhibit surprisingly high carbon sequestration properties that are comparable to forests in temperate Europe, the potential for offsetting may become a growing factor in local forestry policy once Israel begins to regulate CO2 emissions. C1 [Tal, Alon] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Mitrani Dept Desert Ecol, Sede Boqer, Israel. [Tal, Alon] KKL JNF, Land Dev Comm, Jerusalem, Israel. [Gordon, Jessica] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Tal, A (reprint author), Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Mitrani Dept Desert Ecol, Sede Boqer, Israel. EM alontal@bgu.ac.il NR 83 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1873-7617 J9 SMALL-SCALE FOR JI Small-Scale For. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 9 IS 4 SI SI BP 409 EP 428 DI 10.1007/s11842-010-9125-z PG 20 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 714LM UT WOS:000286811100002 ER PT J AU Barbour, MT Bierwagen, BG Hamilton, AT Aumen, NG AF Barbour, Michael T. Bierwagen, Britta G. Hamilton, Anna T. Aumen, Nicholas G. TI Climate change and biological indicators: detection, attribution, and management implications for aquatic ecosystems SO JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN BENTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article C1 [Barbour, Michael T.] Tetra Tech Inc, Ctr Ecol Sci, Owings Mills, MD 21117 USA. [Bierwagen, Britta G.] US EPA, Global Change Res Program, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Hamilton, Anna T.] Tetra Tech Inc, Ctr Ecol Sci, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. [Aumen, Nicholas G.] Loxahatchee Natl Wildlife Refuge, Boynton Beach, FL 33473 USA. RP Barbour, MT (reprint author), Tetra Tech Inc, Ctr Ecol Sci, 400 Red Brook Blvd,Suite 200, Owings Mills, MD 21117 USA. EM michael.barbour@tetratech.com; bierwagen.britta@epa.gov; anna.hamilton@tetratech.com; nick_aumen@nps.gov RI Bierwagen, Britta/G-5943-2010 NR 18 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 14 PU NORTH AMER BENTHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMSPHIRE STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0887-3593 J9 J N AM BENTHOL SOC JI J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 29 IS 4 BP 1349 EP 1353 DI 10.1899/10-117.1 PG 5 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 676EB UT WOS:000283891800013 ER PT J AU Hamilton, AT Stamp, JD Bierwagen, BG AF Hamilton, Anna T. Stamp, Jennifer D. Bierwagen, Britta G. TI Vulnerability of biological metrics and multimetric indices to effects of climate change SO JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN BENTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE climate change; biological indicators; biological metrics; multimetric indices; vulnerability; biomonitoring; macroinvertebrates ID STREAM MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES; UPPER RHONE-RIVER; WATER-QUALITY; UNITED-STATES; LAND-USE; EUROPEAN STREAMS; SPECIES RICHNESS; ORGANISM GROUPS; BIOTIC INDEX; STAR PROJECT AB Aquatic ecosystems and their fauna are vulnerable to a variety of climate-related changes. Benthic macroinvertebrates are used frequently by water-quality agencies to monitor the status of aquatic resources. We used several regionally distributed state bioassessment data sets to analyze how climate change might influence metrics used to define ecological condition of streams. Many widely used, taxonomically based metrics were composed of both cold- and warm-water-preference taxa, and differing responses of these temperature-preference groups to climate-induced changes in stream temperatures could undermine assessment of stream condition. Climate responsiveness of these trait groups varied among states and ecoregions, but the groups generally were sensitive to changing temperature conditions. Temperature sensitivity of taxa and their sensitivity to organic pollution were moderately but significantly correlated. Therefore, metrics selected for condition assessments because taxa are sensitive to disturbance or to conventional pollutants also were sensitive to changes in temperature. We explored the feasibility of modifying metrics by partitioning components based on temperature sensitivity to reduce the likelihood that responses to climate change would confound responses to impairment from other causes and to facilitate tracking of climate-change-related taxon losses and replacements. C1 [Hamilton, Anna T.] Tetra Tech Inc, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. [Stamp, Jennifer D.] Tetra Tech Inc, Montpelier, VT 05602 USA. [Bierwagen, Britta G.] US EPA, Global Change Res Program, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Hamilton, AT (reprint author), Tetra Tech Inc, 502 W Cordova Rd,Suite C, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. EM anna.hamilton@tetratech.com; jen.stamp@tetratech.com; bierwagen.britta@epa.gov RI Bierwagen, Britta/G-5943-2010 FU US EPA [GS-10E-0268K, DO 1101, DO 1107] FX We thank the US EPA Global Change Research Program (GCRP) for providing funding for this project through contracts GS-10E-0268K, DO 1101, and DO 1107 to Tetra Tech, Inc., and the GCRP staff in the National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA), especially S. Julius, for their input and advice throughout the development of this project. We also thank staff in the Office of Science and Technology in the US EPA Office of Water for their input and assistance; staff in state offices who contributed data, reviewed approaches, and assisted with the development of the traits database; and representatives on the regional workgroups for their input and review during critical phases of the project. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors, and they do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US EPA. NR 65 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 21 PU NORTH AMER BENTHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMSPHIRE STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0887-3593 J9 J N AM BENTHOL SOC JI J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 29 IS 4 BP 1379 EP 1396 DI 10.1899/10-053.1 PG 18 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 676EB UT WOS:000283891800016 ER PT J AU Stamp, JD Hamilton, AT Zheng, L Bierwagen, BG AF Stamp, Jennifer D. Hamilton, Anna T. Zheng, Lei Bierwagen, Britta G. TI Use of thermal preference metrics to examine state biomonitoring data for climate change effects SO JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN BENTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE traits; climate change; macroinvertebrates; biomonitoring; temperature; hydrology; cold-water taxa; warm-water taxa ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; UPPER RHONE RIVER; SPECIES TRAITS; BIOLOGICAL TRAITS; INVERTEBRATE TRAITS; BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES; STREAM MACROINVERTEBRATES; HABITAT TEMPLET; COMMUNITIES; TAXA AB Analyses of long-term data are an important component of climate-change research because they can help further our understanding of the effects of climate change and can help establish expectations for biological responses to future climate changes. We used macroinvertebrate data to assess whether biological trends associated with directional climate change could be detected in routine biomonitoring data from Maine, North Carolina, and Utah. We analyzed data from 8 long-term biomonitoring sites that had 9 to 22 y of data, and focused on thermal-preference metrics based on cold- and warm-water-preference trait groups. The thermal-preference metrics were derived primarily from weighted-average or generalized-linear-model inferences based on data from each state database and are region specific. Long-term trends varied across sites and regions. At some sites, the thermal-preference metrics showed significant patterns that could be interpreted as being related to directional climate change, whereas at others, patterns were not as expected or were not evident. The strongest trends occurred at 2 Utah sites that had >= 14 y of data. At these sites, cold-water taxa were negatively correlated with air temperature, and, when years were grouped into hottest- and coldest-year samples, were strongly reduced in the hottest-year samples. Results suggest that thermal-preference metrics show promise for application in a biomonitoring context to differentiate climate-related responses from other stressors. C1 [Stamp, Jennifer D.] Tetra Tech Inc, Ctr Ecol Sci, Montpelier, VT 05602 USA. [Hamilton, Anna T.] Tetra Tech Inc, Ctr Ecol Sci, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. [Zheng, Lei] Tetra Tech Inc, Ctr Ecol Sci, Owings Mills, MD 21117 USA. [Bierwagen, Britta G.] US EPA, Global Change Res Program, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Stamp, JD (reprint author), Tetra Tech Inc, Ctr Ecol Sci, 73 Main St,Suite 38, Montpelier, VT 05602 USA. EM jen.stamp@tetratech.com; anna.hamilton@tetratech.com; lei.zheng@tetratech.com; bierwagen.britta@epa.gov RI Bierwagen, Britta/G-5943-2010 FU US EPA Office of Research and Development [GS-10F-0268K, DO 1107] FX The authors thank the staff from the US EPA's Office of Science and Technology for their input throughout this research. A number of state representatives made important contributions to the project. They include T. MacPherson (formerly) from North Carolina DENR; L. Tsomides, T. Danielson, and S. Meidel from Maine Department of Environmental Protection; J. Ostermiller from Utah Division of Water Quality; and members of the Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation Bio-monitoring and Aquatic Studies Section. We also thank E. Leppo and B. Jessup from Tetra Tech for their assistance in acquiring and analyzing data. We are extremely grateful for all of their contributions. The Global Change Research Program in the National Center for Environmental Assessment in the US EPA Office of Research and Development provided financial support for some of the analyses contributing to this paper through contract GS-10F-0268K, DO 1107 to Tetra Tech, Inc. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors, and they do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US EPA. NR 57 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 24 PU NORTH AMER BENTHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMSPHIRE STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0887-3593 J9 J N AM BENTHOL SOC JI J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 29 IS 4 BP 1410 EP 1423 DI 10.1899/10-003.1 PG 14 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 676EB UT WOS:000283891800018 ER PT J AU Waschmann, RS Watrud, LS Reece, LR Shiroyama, T AF Waschmann, Ronald S. Watrud, Lidia S. Reece, Leon R. Shiroyama, Tamotsu TI Sunlit mesocosms designed for pollen confinement and risk assessment of transgenic crops SO AEROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Gene flow; Modified open top chambers; Plant communities; Pollen filter ID OPEN-TOP CHAMBERS; OZONE EXPOSURE; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; FOLIAR INJURY; AIR-POLLUTION; GAS-EXCHANGE; PLANT-GROWTH; FIELD; MICROCLIMATE; FOREST AB To minimize concerns about the ecological consequences of wind and insect dispersal of pollen and the potential of gene flow from experimental genetically modified (GM) crops to compatible relatives, we have modified outdoor sunlit open top chambers (OTCs) for use with GM plants. We have redesigned 21 cylindrical OTCs, commonly used to study the effects of atmospheric pollutants, by adding (1) a pollen filter at the top of each unit to minimize the possibility of the escape of GM pollen; with pollen filters in place, the OTCs are referred to as mesocosms, (2) an evaporative cooler to help mitigate elevated temperatures during the summer months, and (3) an automated watering system that eliminates the need to enter a mesocosm for irrigation during pollination, thereby minimizing potential pollen escape and entry of insect pollinators. Each sunlit mesocosm contains three large plastic pots (each with 1.2-m(2) surface area) that simulate field plots and that contain a constructed plant community. For example, the community may consist of a GM and a non-GM cultivar of canola (Brassica napus), compatible weedy relatives, and non-compatible species that may be found in mesic disturbed areas such as roadsides or ditches beyond crop fields. The sunlit mesocosms provide a well-replicated outdoor testing system that confines pollen and that can be used to precede or supplement field tests that evaluate the potential ecological consequences of transgenic crops. The mesocosms are proposed as test systems in which transgenic crops and other plants (e. g., biofuel crops) that have been proposed to be grown in new geographies, or plants that produce novel compounds, may be studied to evaluate their potential effects on plant communities. The pollen confinement and insect exclusion features of our mesocosms may also minimize exposure of sensitive humans and insect pollinators to pollen and cellular debris from other plant parts. C1 [Waschmann, Ronald S.; Watrud, Lidia S.; Shiroyama, Tamotsu] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Reece, Leon R.] Natl Asian Pacific Ctr Aging, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. RP Waschmann, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM waschmann.ron@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX George King, Fred Senecal, and Milton Plocher, Dynamac Corporation, are thanked for their roles in installing TDR sensors and irrigation systems and in assisting in installation of pollen filters in the mesocosms. Jason Londo, Michael Bollman, and Bonnie Smith are thanked for their assistance in refining the design and testing of pollen filter efficiency. Richard Norby, Henry E. Lee and Bob Ozretich are thanked for their insightful comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. The information in this document has been funded wholly (or in part) by the US Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0393-5965 J9 AEROBIOLOGIA JI Aerobiologia PD DEC PY 2010 VL 26 IS 4 BP 311 EP 325 DI 10.1007/s10453-010-9167-x PG 15 WC Biology; Environmental Sciences SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 666SI UT WOS:000283139000006 ER PT J AU Stock, TH Chung, KC Smith, T Alesch, A Swift, J Afshar, M AF Stock, Thomas H. Chung, Kuenja C. Smith, Timothy Alesch, Amy Swift, Julie Afshar, Masoud TI Investigation of spatial and seasonal variation of VOCs at the Ysleta del Sur Pueblo American Indian nation SO AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE VOCs; Air toxics; American Indian nation; Passive air monitoring; Method comparison AB The Ysleta del Sur Pueblo Environmental Management Office utilized passive air samplers to collect baseline data that can be used in the characterization of Tribal community exposures to ambient air toxics. These passive devices were deployed at ten separate sites. Five of these sites are representative of a housing subdivision (Old Reservation) that is located within the city limits of El Paso, TX, which is characterized as urban/suburban. The remaining five sites are situated in another housing subdivision (New Reservation) that is approximately 8 km southeast, in the city of Socorro, TX, in a rural area surrounded by agricultural fields. The project consisted of two distinct study phases, with each phase corresponding to different weather seasons. The first phase occurred from June through August (warm season), and the second phase occurred from November through February (cool season). During each study phase, passive samplers were deployed for 72 h on five separate occasions, mostly at 18-day intervals. Also, conventional 24-h canister monitoring was conducted at one of the monitoring sites in the Old Reservation for a period of 1 year with data collection occurring once every 6 days. Measurements from the two methods occurring during overlapping monitoring periods were found to be comparable, as were the estimates of precision for each method. Monitoring results indicated significant differences in concentrations of most volatile organic chemicals between reservations and between seasons, with automotive emissions the likely major determinant of levels of the majority of the quantifiable compounds. C1 [Stock, Thomas H.; Afshar, Masoud] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Chung, Kuenja C.] US EPA, Dallas, TX 75202 USA. [Smith, Timothy; Alesch, Amy] Ysleta del Sur Pueblo Environm Management Off, Tribal Air Program, El Paso, TX 79907 USA. [Swift, Julie] Eastern Res Grp Inc, Morrisville, NC 27560 USA. RP Stock, TH (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, 1200 Herman Pressler Dr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM thomas.h.stock@uth.tmc.edu FU EPA Tribal Air Grant FX This study was conducted by the YDSP American Indian Nation under contracts to University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, and Eastern Research Group, Inc. The study was funded by an EPA Tribal Air Grant. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation for use. The authors would like to acknowledge Gary Richardson for his significant effort on the field study. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 1873-9318 J9 AIR QUAL ATMOS HLTH JI Air Qual. Atmos. Health PD DEC PY 2010 VL 3 IS 4 BP 213 EP 224 DI 10.1007/s11869-010-0071-x PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V25HX UT WOS:000208470200004 ER PT J AU Zheng, CL Wang, LY Li, R Ma, B Tu, L Xu, XZ Dackor, RT Zeldin, DC Wang, DW AF Zheng, Changlong Wang, Luyun Li, Rui Ma, Ben Tu, Ling Xu, Xizhen Dackor, Ryan T. Zeldin, Darryl C. Wang, Dao Wen TI Gene Delivery of Cytochrome P450 Epoxygenase Ameliorates Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Artery Hypertension in Rats SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE arachidonic acids; cytochrome P450 epoxygenase; gene therapy; monocrotaline ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; SOLUBLE EPOXIDE HYDROLASE; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; ENDOTHELIAL-CELL GROWTH; EPOXYEICOSATRIENOIC ACIDS; SMOOTH-MUSCLE; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; 5,6-EPOXYEICOSATRIENOIC ACID; GERMLINE MUTATIONS AB Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening disease that leads to progressive pulmonary hypertension, right heart failure, and death. Endothelial dysfunction and inflammation were implicated in the pathogenesis of PAH. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), products of the cytochrome P450 epoxygenase metabolism of arachidonic acid, are potent vasodilators that possess anti-inflammatory and other protective properties in endothelial cells. We investigated whether gene delivery with the human cytochrome P450 epoxygenase 2J2 (CYP2J2) ameliorates monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats. Significant pulmonary hypertension developed 3 weeks after the administration of MCT, but gene therapy with CYP2J2 significantly attenuated the development of pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary vascular remodeling, without causing changes in systemic arterial pressure or heart rate. These effects were associated with increased pulmonary endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) expression and its activity, inhibition of inflammation in the lungs, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta/type II bonemorphogenetic protein receptor (BMPRII)-drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic proteins (Smads) signaling. Collectively, these data suggest that gene therapy with CYP2J2 may have potential as a novel therapeutic approach to this progressive and oftentimes lethal disorder. C1 [Zheng, Changlong; Wang, Luyun; Li, Rui; Ma, Ben; Tu, Ling; Xu, Xizhen; Wang, Dao Wen] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Tongji Hosp, Tongji Med Coll, Dept Internal Med, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China. [Zheng, Changlong; Wang, Luyun; Li, Rui; Ma, Ben; Tu, Ling; Xu, Xizhen; Wang, Dao Wen] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Tongji Hosp, Tongji Med Coll, Gene Therapy Ctr, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China. [Dackor, Ryan T.; Zeldin, Darryl C.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Intramural Res, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Wang, DW (reprint author), Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Tongji Hosp, Tongji Med Coll, Dept Internal Med, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China. EM dwwang@tjh.tjmu.edu.cn FU 973 Program [2007CB512004, 2006CB503801]; National Nature Science Foundation Committee of China [30430320, 30971247]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences at the National Institutes of Health [Z01 ES025034] FX This work was supported by grants 2007CB512004 and 2006CB503801 from the 973 Program, and by grants 30430320 and 30971247 from National Nature Science Foundation Committee of China. This work was also supported, in part, by grant Z01 ES025034 from the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences at the National Institutes of Health. NR 55 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1044-1549 J9 AM J RESP CELL MOL JI Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 43 IS 6 BP 740 EP 749 DI 10.1165/rcmb.2009-0161OC PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System GA 690OD UT WOS:000285013200013 PM 20118222 ER PT J AU Berrocal, VJ Gelfand, AE Holland, DM AF Berrocal, Veronica J. Gelfand, Alan E. Holland, David M. TI A BIVARIATE SPACE-TIME DOWNSCALER UNDER SPACE AND TIME MISALIGNMENT SO ANNALS OF APPLIED STATISTICS LA English DT Article DE Co-kriging; coregionalization; dynamic model; kriging; multivariate spatial process; spatially varying coefficients ID MULTIVARIATE SPATIAL INTERPOLATION; PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; NUMERICAL-MODELS; COVARIANCE FUNCTIONS; DAILY MORTALITY; US CITIES; PREDICTION; CMAQ; EXPOSURE; FIELDS AB Ozone and particulate matter, PM(2.5), are co-pollutants that have long been associated with increased public health risks. Information on concentration levels for both pollutants comes from two sources: monitoring sites and output from complex numerical models that produce concentration surfaces over large spatial regions. In this paper, we offer a fully-model-based approach for fusing these two sources of information for the pair of co-pollutants which is computationally feasible over large spatial regions and long periods of time. Due to the association between concentration levels of the two environmental contaminants, it is expected that information regarding one will help to improve prediction of the other. Misalignment is an obvious issue since the monitoring networks for the two contaminants only partly intersect and because the collection rate for PM(2.5) is typically less frequent than that for ozone. Extending previous work in Berrocal, Gelfand and Holland (2010), we introduce a bivariate downscaler that provides a flexible class of bivariate space-time assimilation models. We discuss computational issues for model fitting and analyze a dataset for ozone and PM(2.5) for the ozone season during year 2002. We show a modest improvement in predictive performance, not surprising in a setting where we can anticipate only a small gain. C1 [Berrocal, Veronica J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Biostat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Gelfand, Alan E.] Duke Univ, Dept Stat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Holland, David M.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Berrocal, VJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Biostat, 1415 Washington Hts, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM berrocal@umich.edu; alan@stat.duke.edu; Holland.David@epa.gov FU NIEHS NIH HHS [R01 ES014843, R01 ES014843-01A2] NR 53 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 12 PU INST MATHEMATICAL STATISTICS PI CLEVELAND PA 3163 SOMERSET DR, CLEVELAND, OH 44122 USA SN 1932-6157 J9 ANN APPL STAT JI Ann. Appl. Stat. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 4 IS 4 BP 1942 EP 1975 DI 10.1214/10-AOAS351 PG 34 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 827TK UT WOS:000295451000021 PM 21853015 ER PT J AU Londo, JP Bautista, NS Sagers, CL Lee, EH Watrud, LS AF Londo, Jason P. Bautista, Nonnatus S. Sagers, Cynthia L. Lee, E. Henry Watrud, Lidia S. TI Glyphosate drift promotes changes in fitness and transgene gene flow in canola (Brassica napus) and hybrids SO ANNALS OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Gene flow; canola; herbicide drift; transgene escape; plant ecology; mesocosms; Brassica napus; Brassica rapa ID OILSEED RAPE; HERBICIDE RESISTANCE; B-RAPA; WILD RELATIVES; HYBRIDIZATION; INTROGRESSION; EXTINCTION; CROPS; RISK; CONSEQUENCES AB With the advent of transgenic crops, genetically modified, herbicide-resistant Brassica napus has become a model system for examining the risks and potential ecological consequences of escape of transgenes from cultivation into wild compatible species. Escaped transgenic feral B. napus and hybrids with compatible weedy species have been identified outside of agriculture and without the apparent selection for herbicide resistance. However, herbicide (glyphosate) exposure can extend beyond crop field boundaries, and a drift-level of herbicide could function as a selective agent contributing to increased persistence of transgenes in the environment. The effects of a drift level (0 center dot 1 x the field application rate) of glyphosate herbicide and varied levels of plant competition were examined on plant fitness-associated traits and gene flow in a simulated field plot, common garden experiment. Plants included transgenic, glyphosate-resistant B. napus, its weedy ancestor B. rapa, and hybrid and advanced generations derived from them. The results of this experiment demonstrate reductions in reproductive fitness for non-transgenic genotypes and a contrasting increase in plant fitness for transgenic genotypes as a result of glyphosate-drift treatments. Results also suggest that a drift level of glyphosate spray may influence the movement of transgenes among transgenic crops and weeds and alter the processes of hybridization and introgression in non-agronomic habitats by impacting flowering phenology and pollen availability within the community. The results of this study demonstrate the potential for persistence of glyphosate resistance transgenes in weedy plant communities due to the effect of glyphosate spray drift on plant fitness. Additionally, glyphosate drift has the potential to change the gene-flow dynamics between compatible transgenic crops and weeds, simultaneously reducing direct introgression into weedy species while contributing to an increase in the transgenic seed bank. C1 [Londo, Jason P.; Bautista, Nonnatus S.] Natl Res Council Associate, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Bautista, Nonnatus S.] Ateneo Manila Univ, Sch Sci & Engn, Dept Biol, Manila, Philippines. [Londo, Jason P.; Sagers, Cynthia L.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, SCEN 632, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Lee, E. Henry; Watrud, Lidia S.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Londo, JP (reprint author), Natl Res Council Associate, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM jlondo@uark.edu RI Eclevia, Marian/I-6486-2013 FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX We would like to acknowledge horticultural and technical support provided by George King, Milt Plocher, Marjorie Storm, Gail Heine and Fred Senecal (Dynamac Corporation). The information in this document has been funded wholly (or in part) by the US Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 45 TC 25 Z9 31 U1 5 U2 43 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7364 J9 ANN BOT-LONDON JI Ann. Bot. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 106 IS 6 BP 957 EP 965 DI 10.1093/aob/mcq190 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 685NR UT WOS:000284635900010 PM 20852306 ER PT J AU Wahman, DG Schrantz, KA Pressman, JG AF Wahman, David G. Schrantz, Karen A. Pressman, Jonathan G. TI Determination of the Effects of Medium Composition on the Monochloramine Disinfection Kinetics of Nitrosomonas europaea by the Propidium Monoazide Quantitative PCR and Live/Dead BacLight Methods SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WATER-QUALITY; DRINKING-WATER; INACTIVATION; CHLORINE; EFFICACY AB Various medium compositions (phosphate, 1 to 50 mM; ionic strength, 2.8 to 150 meq/liter) significantly affected Nitrosomonas europaea monochloramine disinfection kinetics, as determined by the Live/Dead BacLight (LD) and propidium monoazide quantitative PCR (PMA-qPCR) methods (lag coefficient, 37 to 490 [LD] and 91 to 490 [PMA-qPCR] mg center dot min/liter; Chick-Watson rate constant, 4.0 X 10(-3) to 9.3 X 10(-3) [LD] and 1.6 X 10(-3) to 9.6 X 10(-3) [PMA-qPCR] liter/mg center dot min). Two competing effects may account for the variation in disinfection kinetic parameters: (i) increasing kinetics (disinfection rate constant [k] increased, lag coefficient [b] decreased) with increasing phosphate concentration and (ii) decreasing kinetics (k decreased, b increased) with increasing ionic strength. The results support development of a standard medium for evaluating disinfection kinetics in drinking water. C1 [Wahman, David G.; Schrantz, Karen A.; Pressman, Jonathan G.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Pressman, JG (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM pressman.jonathan@epa.gov NR 24 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 76 IS 24 BP 8277 EP 8280 DI 10.1128/AEM.01631-10 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 688VO UT WOS:000284882800048 PM 20952645 ER PT J AU Johnson, MM Williams, R Fan, ZH Lin, L Hudgens, E Gallagher, J Vette, A Neas, L Ozkaynak, H AF Johnson, Markey M. Williams, Ron Fan, Zhihua Lin, Lin Hudgens, Edward Gallagher, Jane Vette, Alan Neas, Lucas Ozkaynak, Haluk TI Participant-based monitoring of indoor and outdoor nitrogen dioxide, volatile organic compounds, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons among MICA-Air households SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Participant based air monitoring; Indoor/outdoor residential monitoring; Nitrogen dioxide; Volatile organic compounds; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Estimation of short term pollutant concentrations using integrated site specific measurements and continuous regulatory monitoring Detroit Michigan ID NEW-YORK-CITY; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; PARTICULATE MATTER; EXPOSURES; POLLUTION; CHILDREN; ASTHMA; POLLUTANTS; ROAD; CALIFORNIA AB The Mechanistic Indicators of Childhood Asthma (MICA) study in Detroit Michigan introduced a participant-based approach to reduce the resource burden associated with collection of indoor and outdoor residential air sampling data A subset of participants designated as MICA-Air conducted indoor and outdoor residential sampling of nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)) volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) This participant-based methodology was subsequently adapted for use in the Vanguard phase of the US National Children s Study The current paper examines residential indoor and outdoor concentrations of these pollutant species among health study participants in Detroit Michigan Pollutants measured under MICA-Air agreed well with other studies and continuous monitoring data collected in Detroit For example NO(2) and BTEX concentrations reported for other Detroit area monitoring were generally within 10-15% of indoor and outdoor concentrations measured in MICA-Air households Outdoor NO(2) concentrations were typically higher than indoor NO(2) concentration among MICA-Air homes with a median indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratio of 06 in homes that were not Impacted by environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) during air sampling Indoor concentrations generally exceeded outdoor concentrations for VOC and PAH species measured among non-ETS homes in the study I/O ratios for BTEX species (benzene toluene ethylbenzene and m/p- and o-xylene) ranged from 1 2 for benzene to 3 1 for toluene Outdoor NO(2) concentrations were approximately 4 5 ppb higher on weekdays versus weekends As expected I/O ratios pollutants were generally higher for homes impacted by ETS These findings suggest that participant-based air sampling can provide a cost-effective alternative to technician-based approaches for assessing Indoor and outdoor residential air pollution in community health studies We also introduced a technique for estimating daily concentrations at each home by weighting 2- and 7-day integrated concentrations using continuous measurements from regulatory monitoring sites This approach may be applied to estimate short-term daily or hourly pollutant concentrations in future health studies (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved C1 [Johnson, Markey M.; Hudgens, Edward; Gallagher, Jane; Neas, Lucas] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Johnson, Markey M.; Williams, Ron; Vette, Alan; Ozkaynak, Haluk] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Fan, Zhihua; Lin, Lin] Rutgers State Univ, Univ Med & Dent NJ, Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Inst, Piscataway, NJ USA. RP Johnson, MM (reprint author), Hlth Canada, Air Hlth Sci Div, Water Air & Climate Change Bur, 269 Laurier Ave W,Room 3 020A, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada. RI Vette, Alan/A-7330-2012; Neas, Lucas/J-9378-2012 OI Vette, Alan/0000-0001-6749-1252; FU EPA through Office of Research and Development [CCR 831 625, CR 831 625]; Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Rutgers University FX EPA through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under contract no CCR 831 625 to Westat and cooperative agreement no CR 831 625 with the Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Rutgers University It has been subjected to agency review and approved for publication Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the agency nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use NR 47 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 44 IS 38 BP 4927 EP 4936 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.08.027 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 682GM UT WOS:000284389400011 ER PT J AU Simon, H Kimura, Y McGaughey, G Allen, DT Brown, SS Coffman, D Dibb, J Osthoff, HD Quinn, P Roberts, JM Yarwood, G Kemball-Cook, S Byun, D Lee, D AF Simon, H. Kimura, Y. McGaughey, G. Allen, D. T. Brown, S. S. Coffman, D. Dibb, J. Osthoff, H. D. Quinn, P. Roberts, J. M. Yarwood, G. Kemball-Cook, S. Byun, D. Lee, D. TI Modeling heterogeneous ClNO2 formation, chloride availability, and chlorine cycling in Southeast Texas SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Biennial Conference on Atmospheric Chemistry Mechanisms CY DEC, 2008 CL Air Quality Res Ctr, Davis, CA HO Air Quality Res Ctr DE Nitryl chloride; Chlorine; CAMx; Urban air pollution; Houston; GoMACCS; TexAQS II; Heterogeneous chemistry ID SEA-SALT AEROSOL; N2O5 REACTION; GASEOUS N2O5; CHEMISTRY; EMISSIONS; SURFACE; PARAMETERIZATION; PARTICLES; OZONE AB Nitryl Chloride (ClNO2) mixing ratios above 1 ppbv have been measured off the coast of Southeast Texas ClNO2 formation the result of heterogeneous N2O5 uptake on chloride-containing aerosols has a significant Impact on oxidant formation for the Houston area This work reports on the modeling of ClNO2 formation and describes the sensitivity of ClNO2 formation to key parameters Model sensitivity analyses found that (1) Chloride availability limits the formation of nitryl chloride at ground level but not aloft (2) When excess particulate chloride was assumed to be present at ground level through sea salt ClNO2 concentrations increased in some locations by a factor of 13 as compared to cases where sea salt chloride was assumed to be limited (3) Inland formation of ClNO2 seems feasible based on chloride availability and could have a large impact on total ClNO2 formed in the region and (4) ClNO2 formation is quite sensitive to the assumed yield of ClNO2 from N2O5 uptake These results demonstrate that there is a need for further field studies to better understand the geographic extent of ClNO2 formation and the atmospheric conditions which control partitioning of chloride into the particle phase In addition this work examined the role of ClNO2 in the cycling of chlorine between chloride and reactive chlorine radicals The modeling indicated that the majority of reactive chlorine in Texas along the Gulf coast is cycled through ClNO2 demonstrating the importance of including ClNO2 into photochemical models for this region Published by Elsevier Ltd C1 [Simon, H.; Kimura, Y.; McGaughey, G.; Allen, D. T.] Univ Texas Austin, Ctr Energy & Environm Resources, Austin, TX 78758 USA. [Simon, H.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Brown, S. S.; Osthoff, H. D.; Roberts, J. M.] NOAA, ESRL, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Coffman, D.; Quinn, P.] NOAA, OAR, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Dibb, J.] Univ New Hampshire, Climate Change Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Yarwood, G.; Kemball-Cook, S.] Environ Int Corp, Novato, CA 94998 USA. [Lee, D.] Univ Houston, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Byun, D.] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, OAR, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Simon, H (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Ctr Energy & Environm Resources, 10100 Burnet Rd,Bldg 133,R7100, Austin, TX 78758 USA. RI simon, heather/E-4392-2011; Roberts, James/A-1082-2009; Brown, Steven/I-1762-2013; Quinn, Patricia/R-1493-2016; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015 OI simon, heather/0000-0001-7254-3360; Roberts, James/0000-0002-8485-8172; Quinn, Patricia/0000-0003-0337-4895; NR 32 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 36 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 44 IS 40 SI SI BP 5476 EP 5488 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.09.006 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 696PA UT WOS:000285452100018 ER PT J AU Daston, GP Chapin, RE Scialli, AR Piersma, AH Carney, EW Rogers, JM Friedman, JM AF Daston, George P. Chapin, Robert E. Scialli, Anthony R. Piersma, Aldert H. Carney, Edward W. Rogers, John M. Friedman, Jan M. TI A Different Approach to Validating Screening Assays for Developmental Toxicity SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART B-DEVELOPMENTAL AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE in vitro methods; validation; developmental toxicity ID VITRO EMBRYOTOXICITY TESTS; IN-VITRO; EMBRYO CULTURE; RAT; PREDICTION; CHEMICALS; SELECTION; WORKSHOP AB BACKGROUND: There continue to be many efforts around the world to develop assays that are shorter than the traditional embryofetal developmental toxicity assay, or use fewer or no mammals, or use less compound, or have all three attributes. Each assay developer needs to test the putative assay against a set of performance standards, which traditionally has involved testing the assays against a list of compounds that are generally recognized as "positive'' or "negative'' in vivo. However, developmental toxicity is highly conditional, being particularly dependent on magnitude (i.e. dose) and timing of exposure, which makes it difficult to develop lists of compounds neatly assigned as developmental toxicants or not. APPROACH: Here we offer an alternative approach for the evaluation of developmental toxicity assays based on exposures. Exposures are classified as "positive'' or "negative'' in a system, depending on the compound and the internal concentration. Although this linkage to "internal dose'' departs from the recent approaches to validation, it fits well with widely accepted principles of developmental toxicology. CONCLUSIONS: This paper introduces this concept, discusses some of the benefits and drawbacks of such an approach, and lays out the steps we propose to implement it for the evaluation of developmental toxicity assays. Birth Defects Res (Part B) 89: 526-530, 2010. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Daston, George P.] Procter & Gamble Co, Cincinnati, OH 45202 USA. [Chapin, Robert E.] Pfizer Global R&D, Groton, CT USA. [Scialli, Anthony R.] Tetra Tech Sci, Arlington, VA USA. [Piersma, Aldert H.] RIVM, Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Carney, Edward W.] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA. [Rogers, John M.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, NHEERL, ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Friedman, Jan M.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Med Genet, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Friedman, Jan M.] Child & Family Res Inst, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RP Daston, GP (reprint author), Procter & Gamble Co, Cincinnati, OH 45202 USA. EM Daston.gp@pg.com OI Chapin, Robert/0000-0002-5997-1261; Friedman, Jan/0000-0002-7482-9570 NR 15 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1542-9733 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES B JI Birth Defects Res. Part B-Dev. Reprod. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 89 IS 6 BP 526 EP 530 DI 10.1002/bdrb.20276 PG 5 WC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 695TX UT WOS:000285396600008 PM 21086491 ER PT J AU Ferraro, SP Cole, FA AF Ferraro, Steven P. Cole, Faith A. TI Ecological periodic tables for nekton usage of four US Pacific Northwest estuarine habitats SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SEAGRASS BEDS; ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; STABLE STATES; YAQUINA BAY; SALT-MARSH; FISH; ASSEMBLAGES; ABUNDANCE; IDENTIFICATION AB We compared the species composition and abundance of the total nekton community, using the Bray-Curtis similarity coefficient, and mean total nekton, fish and crab species richness, abundance and biomass, and shrimp abundance across four intertidal habitats in a US Pacific Northwest estuary: (i) eelgrass (Zostera marina); (ii) burrowing mud shrimp (Upogebia pugettensis); (iii) burrowing ghost shrimp (Neotrypaea californiensis); and (iv) unvegetated sand. Field sampling was conducted during daytime high tides, and was quantitative, stratified-by-habitat, randomized, and estuary-wide. More than 10 000 nekton specimens belonging to 64 taxa were collected in 454 samples during 10 sampling periods, each approximately one-month-long (from June to November), over 3 years (1998-2000). Non-metric multidimensional scaling analyses revealed annually recurring across-habitat patterns in total nekton Bray-Curtis similarity. Two-way (habitat, year) analyses of variance revealed annually recurring across-habitat patterns on 10 indicators of nekton-habitat quality and preference. Total nekton species richness, abundance, and biomass were, respectively, on average, 8 x, 25 x, and 25 x greater in eelgrass, 4 x, 6 x, and 5 x greater in mud shrimp, and 2 x, 3 x, and 2 x greater in ghost shrimp, than in sand habitat. Our findings validate the ecological relevance of our habitats to nekton, and suggest they can serve as elements in ecological periodic tables of nekton habitat usage. C1 [Ferraro, Steven P.; Cole, Faith A.] US EPA, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. RP Ferraro, SP (reprint author), US EPA, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, 2111 SE Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. EM ferraro.steven@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX We thank two anonymous reviewers and the Associate Editor for their suggestions, M. Elliott, C. Ryer, C. Weilhoefer, and W. Nelson for reviewing an earlier draft of the manuscript, and K. Chapin, V. Nguyen, P. Clinton, C. Folger, M. Vance, A. Taylor, S. Courbis, J. Jenson, J. Sewall, E. Kolkemo, G. Jensen, D. Markle, J. Chapman, J. Power, M. O'Brien, and K. Ebert for their technical assistance. The information in this document has been funded wholly by the US Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 63 TC 8 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 13 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 67 IS 12 BP 1957 EP 1967 DI 10.1139/F10-114 PG 11 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 697YH UT WOS:000285555200006 ER PT J AU Tong, HY Cheng, WY Samet, JM Gilmour, MI Devlin, RB AF Tong, Haiyan Cheng, Wan-Yun Samet, James M. Gilmour, M. Ian Devlin, Robert B. TI Differential Cardiopulmonary Effects of Size-Fractionated Ambient Particulate Matter in Mice SO CARDIOVASCULAR TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Coarse PM; Fine PM; Ultrafine PM; Cardiopulmonary effects; Cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury ID AIR-POLLUTION; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; CARDIAC CHANGES; EXPOSURE; INHALATION; HEALTHY; TOXICITY; ISCHEMIA; INJURY; FINE AB A growing body of evidence from epidemiological and toxicological studies provides a strong link between exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) of varying size and increased cardiovascular and respiratory morbidity and mortality. This study was designed to evaluate the cardiopulmonary effects of ambient coarse, fine, and ultrafine particles collected in Chapel Hill, NC. Mice were exposed to each size fraction by oropharyngeal instillation. Twenty-four hours later, pulmonary inflammation was assessed by bronchoalveolar lavage and cardiac injury was measured using a Langendorff cardiac perfusion preparation. Recovery of post-ischemic left ventricular developed pressure and infarct size were measured as indeces of cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury. Coronary flow rate was measured before, during, and after ischemia. We demonstrate that coarse PM caused the most significant pulmonary inflammatory responses. In contrast, hearts from ultrafine-exposed mice had significantly lower post-ischemic functional recovery and greater infarct size, while hearts from coarse and fine PM-exposed mice had no significant responses to ischemia/reperfusion. The coronary flow rate was significantly reduced in the ultrafine PM group. This study shows that exposure of mice to coarse PM results in significant pulmonary toxicity while ultrafine PM appears to enhance cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury. C1 [Tong, Haiyan; Samet, James M.; Gilmour, M. Ian; Devlin, Robert B.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Cheng, Wan-Yun] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. RP Tong, HY (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM tong.haiyan@epa.gov NR 37 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 7 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 1530-7905 J9 CARDIOVASC TOXICOL JI Cardiovasc. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 10 IS 4 BP 259 EP 267 DI 10.1007/s12012-010-9082-y PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Toxicology SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Toxicology GA 682RN UT WOS:000284420800004 PM 20602262 ER PT J AU Blanco, I Beritze, N Arguelles, M Carcaba, V Fernandez, F Janciauskiene, S Oikonomopoulou, K de Serres, FJ Fernandez-Bustillo, E Hollenberg, MD AF Blanco, Ignacio Beritze, Nana Argueelles, Mario Carcaba, Victoriano Fernandez, Fernando Janciauskiene, Sabina Oikonomopoulou, Katerina de Serres, Frederick J. Fernandez-Bustillo, Enrique Hollenberg, Morley D. TI Abnormal overexpression of mastocytes in skin biopsies of fibromyalgia patients SO CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Alpha 1-antitrypsin; Fibromyalgia; Mast cell; Skin biopsy; Tryptase ID HUMAN MAST-CELLS; ALPHA-1-ANTITRYPSIN; CLASSIFICATION; CRITERIA; DEFICIENCY; DIAGNOSIS; IGG AB Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded skin tissue sections were collected from a matched cohort of 63 fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) patients and 49 volunteers from the general population with both alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT) normal and deficiency variants. These tissues were examined for the expression of the broad-spectrum inhibitor AAT, the serine proteinases elastase and tryptase, the proinflammatory cytokines MCP-1 and TNF alpha, the endothelium biomarker VEGF, and the inflammation/nociception-related receptor PAR(2). The most relevant finding of the study was a significantly increased number of mast cells (MCs) in the papillary dermis of all FMS patients (greater than or equal to five to 14 per microscopic high power field) compared to zero to one in controls (p<0.001). MCs strongly stained with tryptase, AAT and PAR(2) antibodies, exhibited a spindle-like shape and were uniformly distributed around blood vessels and appendages. MCP-1 and VEGF expressed weak/moderate positivity in most samples, with a higher expression in controls than in FMS patients (p<0.001 and 0.051, respectively). No differences in elastase and TNF alpha were found between both groups. Moreover, no histological differences were found between samples from AAT deficiency and normal AAT phenotypes. Our results indicate that FMS is a MC-associated condition. MCs are present in skin and mucosal surfaces throughout the human body, and are easily stimulated by a number of physical, psychological, and chemical triggers to degranulate, releasing several proinflammatory products which are able to generate nervous peripheral stimuli causing CNS hypersensitivity, local, and systemic symptoms. Our findings open new avenues of research on FMS mechanisms and will benefit the diagnosis of patients and the development of therapeutics. C1 [Blanco, Ignacio; Carcaba, Victoriano] Valle Nalon Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Sama De Langreo 33920, Principado Astu, Spain. [Beritze, Nana; Argueelles, Mario] Cabuenes Hosp, Dept Pathol, Gijon, Principado Astu, Spain. [Fernandez, Fernando] Valle Nalon Hosp, Dept Surg, Sama De Langreo 33920, Principado Astu, Spain. [Janciauskiene, Sabina] Hannover Med Sch, Dept Resp Med, D-30625 Hannover, Germany. [Oikonomopoulou, Katerina] Univ Calgary, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Oikonomopoulou, Katerina] Univ Calgary, Dept Med, Calgary, AB, Canada. [de Serres, Frederick J.] Ctr Evaluat Risks Human Reprod, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, MD EC32, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Fernandez-Bustillo, Enrique] Cent Univ Hosp Asturias, Biostat Unit, Oviedo 33006, Principado Astu, Spain. [Hollenberg, Morley D.] Med Univ Calgary, Fac Med Calgary, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada. RP Blanco, I (reprint author), Valle Nalon Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Sama De Langreo 33920, Principado Astu, Spain. EM ignablanco@yahoo.com; nanarus@terra.es; mario.arguelles@sespa.princast.es; victoriano.carcaba@sespa.princast.es; frfernando@telecable.es; SabinaJanciauskiene@gmail.com; oikoa@mail.med.upenn.edu; deserres@bellsouth.net; efbustillo@hca.es; mhollenb@ucalgary.ca OI Blanco, Ignacio/0000-0002-7414-7481 FU Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research (AHFMR); Canadian Institutes of Health Research FX We would like to thank every patient and volunteer who participated in this study, providing us with their clinical data and biopsy samples. We also acknowledge the technical work for the preparation of the paraffin-embedded tissues samples by Dr. Francisco Dominguez and laboratory technicians at the Valle del Nalon Hospital, Asturias, Spain; and the immunohistochemical work performed by Ms. Mercedes Acha (Cabuenes Hospital, Gijon, Spain). Furthermore, we are indebted to Dr. Eleftherios P. Diamandis (Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto) for sharing vital reagents and ideas for the completion of this work. Finally, we are grateful to Ms. Jimena Blanco Fueyo (UNESCO; MA/BA Universite de Geneve) for the English editing of this manuscript. This study has been endorsed by the Spanish National Health Institute Carlos III and the Biohealth Research Office (OIB) of the Principado de Asturias, Spain (IB and VC). KO is a recipient of an Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research (AHFMR) Postdoctoral Fellowship for whom operating funds were provided by a grant to MDH by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. NR 27 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0770-3198 EI 1434-9949 J9 CLIN RHEUMATOL JI Clin. Rheumatol. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 29 IS 12 BP 1403 EP 1412 DI 10.1007/s10067-010-1474-7 PG 10 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 684KA UT WOS:000284547600010 PM 20428906 ER PT J AU John, RP Tyagi, RD Prevost, D Brar, SK Pouleur, S Surampalli, RY AF John, Rojan P. Tyagi, R. D. Prevost, D. Brar, Satinder K. Pouleur, Stephan Surampalli, R. Y. TI Mycoparasitic Trichoderma viride as a biocontrol agent against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp adzuki and Pythium arrhenomanes and as a growth promoter of soybean SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Trichoderma viride; Soybean; Biocontrol agent; Fusarium oxysporum f. sp adzuki; Pythium arrhenomanes; Growth promoter ID LYTIC ENZYMES; HARZIANUM; FERMENTATION; EXPRESSION; SOLANI AB Trichoderma viride was proved as an effective biocontrol agent against two fungal pathogens, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. adzuki and Pythium arrhenomanes, infecting soybean. During an in vitro biocontrol test, Trichoderma showed mycoparasitism and destructive control against the tested fungal pathogens. Both the pathogens significantly influence the germination and P. arrhenomanes had a severe effect (only 5% germination). The root system of the soybean plant was poorly developed due to the infection and it exerted a negative influence on the nodulation and further growth phases of the plant. During pot assay along with biocontrol activity, Trichoderma showed growth promoting action on the soybean plant. Trichoderma enhanced growth of shoot and root systems and fruit yield after 12 weeks of growth. Pythium and Fusarium infected plants treated with Trichoderma had similar to 194% and 141% more height than pathogens alone. The fruit yield treated with Trichoderma was similar to 66 per plant whereas the yield was only 41 for a control plant. The plants infected with Pythium and Fusarium and treated with Trichoderma had fruit yields of 43 and 53 respectively and those were 5 and 1.6 times higher than plants infected with pathogens. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [John, Rojan P.; Tyagi, R. D.; Brar, Satinder K.] Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Prevost, D.; Pouleur, Stephan] Agr & Agroalimentaire Canada, Quebec City, PQ GIV 2J3, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM tyagi@ete.inrs.ca RI Pappy John, Rojan/C-6571-2009; OI P. John, Rojan/0000-0002-9703-1238 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Canada Research Chair) [A4984]; MAPAQ [807150]; INRS-ETE; FQRNT, Quebec, Canada FX The authors are sincerely thankful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grants A4984, Canada Research Chair), MAPAQ (807150), INRS-ETE for financial support. One of the authors. RPJ, is sincerely thankful to The Quebec fund for research on nature and technology (FQRNT, Quebec, Canada), for the postdoctoral fellowship under the programme "Scholarship Programs of excellence for foreign students". Authors are thankful to Mr. Amine for his help in statistical analysis and Ms. Carole for her help in phytotron study. NR 19 TC 26 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 29 IS 12 BP 1452 EP 1459 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2010.08.004 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 682ZY UT WOS:000284442700012 ER PT J AU Mazur, CS Kenneke, JF Hess-Wilson, JK Lipscomb, JC AF Mazur, Christopher S. Kenneke, John F. Hess-Wilson, Janet K. Lipscomb, John C. TI Differences between Human and Rat Intestinal and Hepatic Bisphenol A Glucuronidation and the Influence of Alamethicin on In Vitro Kinetic Measurements SO DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION LA English DT Article ID HUMAN LIVER-MICROSOMES; UDP-GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASE; DRUG CLEARANCE; INTRINSIC CLEARANCE; PROTEIN-BINDING; METABOLISM; PREDICTION; HEPATOCYTES; EXTRAPOLATION; ABSORPTION AB The extent to which membrane-disrupting agents, such as alamethicin, may alter cofactor transport and influence in vitro kinetic measurements of glucuronidation is a major concern regarding the characterization and extrapolation of inter-and intraspecies pharmacokinetics of bisphenol A (BPA). An additional concern is the omission of a BPA intestinal metabolism component in current pharmacokinetic models used to assess oral exposure. In this study, BPA glucuronidation in native hepatic microsomes from female rat and female human liver displayed higher V(max) values than that in males. In the presence of alamethicin, all hepatic V(max) values increased; however, this increase was disproportionately greater in males and gender differences were no longer observed. Female rats exhibited a much higher K(m) than all other species and genders; the addition of alamethicin had little influence on K(m) values for any of the test systems. The dissimilar K(m) measured for female rat suggests that different UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzyme(s) are involved in BPA glucuronidation. The presence of different UGTs in female rat was confirmed using Hill coefficients measured from diclofenac-mediated chemical inhibition assays within hepatic microsomes and purified human UGT2B7 and UGT2B15. Mixed-gender human intestinal microsomes showed little BPA glucuronidation reactivity compared with those from male rat intestine. Male rat intestinal microsomes in the presence of alamethicin exhibited a V(max) that was nearly 30-fold higher than that for mixed human microsomes. The species and gender metabolic differences we observed between rat and human liver and intestine provide key information for delineating BPA pharmacokinetics needed for human health risk assessment. C1 [Mazur, Christopher S.; Kenneke, John F.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Hess-Wilson, Janet K.; Lipscomb, John C.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Mazur, CS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM mazur.chris@epa.gov NR 36 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA SN 0090-9556 J9 DRUG METAB DISPOS JI Drug Metab. Dispos. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 38 IS 12 BP 2232 EP 2238 DI 10.1124/dmd.110.034819 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 681KB UT WOS:000284309900021 PM 20736320 ER PT J AU Clark, CM Tilman, D AF Clark, Christopher M. Tilman, David TI Recovery of plant diversity following N cessation: effects of recruitment, litter, and elevated N cycling SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbon addition; diversity; grassland; invasion; litter inhibition; nitrogen deposition; prairie restoration; recovery; recruitment limitation ID SPECIES-RICH GRASSLANDS; OLD-FIELD SUCCESSION; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT; SECONDARY SUCCESSION; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; RESTORATION; LIMITATION AB Plant species richness has declined and composition shifted in response to elevated atmospheric deposition of biologically active nitrogen over much of the industrialized world. Litter thickness, litter nitrogen (N) content, and soil N mineralization rates often remain elevated long after inputs cease, clouding the prospects that plant community diversity and composition would recover should N inputs be reduced. Here we determined how N cycling, litter accumulation, and recruitment limitation influenced community recovery following cessation of long-term N inputs to prairie-like grasslands. We alleviated each of these potential inhibitors through a two-year full-factorial experiment involving organic carbon addition, litter removal, and seed addition. Seed addition had the largest effect on increasing seedling and species numbers and may be necessary to overcome long-term burial of seeds of target perennial grassland species. Litter removal increased light availability and bare sites for colonization, though it had little effect on reducing the biomass of competing neighbors or altering extractable soil N. Nonetheless, these positive influences were enough to lead to small increases in species richness within one year. We found that, although C addition quickly altered many factors assumed favorable for the target community (decreased N availability and biomass of nearby competitors, increased light and site availability), these changes were insufficient to positively impact species richness or seedling numbers over the experimental duration. However, only carbon addition had species-specific effects on the existing plant community, suggesting that its apparent limited utility may be more a result of slow recovery under ambient recruitment rather than from a lack of a restorative effect. There were dramatic interactions among treatments, with the positive effects of litter removal largely negated by carbon addition, and the positive effects of seed addition generally amplified by litter removal. It remains unclear whether each mechanism explored here will induce community recovery, but over different temporal scales. Long-term monitoring will help resolve these remaining questions. Regardless, our results suggest that reversal of species loss and compositional shifts from N deposition in prairies may be more inhibited by habitat fragmentation, recruitment limitation, and long-term suppression of fire than from continued effects of elevated N. C1 [Clark, Christopher M.; Tilman, David] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Clark, CM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Global Change Res Grp, 8601-P,1200 Penn Ave, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Chris.Michael.Clark@gmail.com FU NSF/DEB [0080382] FX We thank Troy Mielke, Peter Hawthorn, and many Cedar Creek interns for their field help, William Eddy for laboratory assistance, and NSF/DEB 0080382 for the supporting this Long-Term Ecological Research project at Cedar Creek. NR 62 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 62 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD DEC PY 2010 VL 91 IS 12 BP 3620 EP 3630 DI 10.1890/09-1268.1 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 699AA UT WOS:000285635100023 PM 21302833 ER PT J AU Stewart, JC Chalupa, DC Devlin, RB Frasier, LM Huang, LS Little, EL Lee, SM Phipps, RP Pietropaoli, AP Taubman, MB Utell, MJ Frampton, MW AF Stewart, Judith C. Chalupa, David C. Devlin, Robert B. Frasier, Lauren M. Huang, Li-Shan Little, Erika L. Lee, Steven M. Phipps, Richard P. Pietropaoli, Anthony P. Taubman, Mark B. Utell, Mark J. Frampton, Mark W. TI Vascular Effects of Ultrafine Particles in Persons with Type 2 Diabetes SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE air pollution; diabetes; platelets; ultrafine particles; vascular ID VON-WILLEBRAND-FACTOR; DIESEL-EXHAUST INHALATION; PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES; HEALTHY-HUMAN SUBJECTS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; CD40 LIGAND; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; TISSUE FACTOR; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION AB BACKGROUND: Diabetes confers an increased risk for cardiovascular effects of airborne particles. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that inhalation of elemental carbon ultrafine particles (UFP) would activate blood platelets and vascular endothelium in people with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial, 19 subjects with type 2 diabetes inhaled filtered air or 50 mu g/m(3) elemental carbon UFP (count median diameter, 32 nm) by mouthpiece for 2 hr at rest. We repeatedly measured markers of vascular activation, coagulation, and systemic inflammation before and after exposure. RESULTS: Compared with air, particle exposure increased platelet expression of CD40 ligand (CD40L) and the number of platelet-leukocyte conjugates 3.5 hr after exposure. Soluble CD40L decreased with UFP exposure. Plasma von Willebrand factor increased immediately after exposure. There were no effects of particles on plasma tissue factor, coagulation factors VII or IX, or D-dimer. CONCLUSIONS: Inhalation of elemental carbon UFP for 2-hr transiently activated platelets, and possibly the vascular endothelium, in people with type 2 diabetes. C1 [Stewart, Judith C.; Chalupa, David C.; Frasier, Lauren M.; Little, Erika L.; Lee, Steven M.; Pietropaoli, Anthony P.; Taubman, Mark B.; Utell, Mark J.; Frampton, Mark W.] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Devlin, Robert B.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Huang, Li-Shan] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Dept Biostat & Computat Biol, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Phipps, Richard P.; Utell, Mark J.; Frampton, Mark W.] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Dept Environm Med, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. RP Frampton, MW (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Dept Med, 601 Elmwood Ave,Box 692, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. EM mark_frampton@urmc.rochester.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [RD832415]; National Institutes of Health [RC1 ES018519, RO1 ES017428, R01 ES013394, P30 ES01247, UL1 RR024160, RO1 HL078603] FX This research was funded wholly or in part by a grant from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through the Science to Achieve Results (STAR) program (RD832415) to the University of Rochester and by grants from the National Institutes of Health (RC1 ES018519, RO1 ES017428, R01 ES013394, P30 ES01247, UL1 RR024160, and RO1 HL078603). NR 58 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 14 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 118 IS 12 BP 1692 EP 1698 DI 10.1289/ehp.1002237 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 692YB UT WOS:000285190700022 PM 20822968 ER PT J AU Reif, DM Martin, MT Tan, SW Houck, KA Judson, RS Richard, AM Knudsen, TB Dix, DJ Kavlock, RJ AF Reif, David M. Martin, Matthew T. Tan, Shirlee W. Houck, Keith A. Judson, Richard S. Richard, Ann M. Knudsen, Thomas B. Dix, David J. Kavlock, Robert J. TI Endocrine Profiling and Prioritization of Environmental Chemicals Using ToxCast Data SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE androgen; chemical prioritization; data integration; endocrine disruption; estrogen; screening; ToxCast; toxicity profile; ToxPi ID REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; BISPHENOL-A; MALE RATS; IN-VITRO; MODE; ANTIANDROGENS; PROGRAM; LINURON; GENES AB BACKGROUND: The prioritization of chemicals for toxicity testing is a primary goal of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ToxCast (TM) program. Phase I of ToxCast used a battery of 467 in vitro, high-throughput screening assays to assess 309 environmental chemicals. One important mode of action leading to toxicity is endocrine disruption, and the U. S. EPA's Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP) has been charged with screening pesticide chemicals and environmental contaminants for their potential to affect the endocrine systems of humans and wildlife. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to develop a flexible method to facilitate the rational prioritization of chemicals for further evaluation and demonstrate its application as a candidate decision-support tool for EDSP. METHODS: Focusing on estrogen, androgen, and thyroid pathways, we defined putative endocrine profiles and derived a relative rank or score for the entire ToxCast library of 309 unique chemicals. Effects on other nuclear receptors and xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes were also considered, as were pertinent chemical descriptors and pathways relevant to endocrine-mediated signaling. RESULTS: Combining multiple data sources into an overall, weight-of-evidence Toxicological Priority Index (ToxPi) score for prioritizing further chemical testing resulted in more robust conclusions than any single data source taken alone. CONCLUSIONS: Incorporating data from in vitro assays, chemical descriptors, and biological pathways in this prioritization schema provided a flexible, comprehensive visualization and ranking of each chemical's potential endocrine activity. Importantly, ToxPi profiles provide a transparent visualization of the relative contribution of all information sources to an overall priority ranking. The method developed here is readily adaptable to diverse chemical prioritization tasks. C1 [Reif, David M.; Martin, Matthew T.; Houck, Keith A.; Judson, Richard S.; Richard, Ann M.; Knudsen, Thomas B.; Dix, David J.; Kavlock, Robert J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Tan, Shirlee W.] US EPA, Off Sci Coordinat & Policy, Off Pollut Prevent Pesticides & Tox Subst, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Reif, DM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Mail Drop B-205-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM reif.david@epa.gov RI Martin, Matthew/A-1982-2013; OI Martin, Matthew/0000-0002-8096-9908; Reif, David/0000-0001-7815-6767 NR 36 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 7 U2 36 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 118 IS 12 BP 1714 EP 1720 DI 10.1289/ehp.1002180 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 692YB UT WOS:000285190700025 PM 20826373 ER PT J AU Backus, GS Howden, R Fostel, J Bauer, AK Cho, HY Marzec, J Peden, DB Kleeberger, SR AF Backus, Gillian S. Howden, Reuben Fostel, Jennifer Bauer, Alison K. Cho, Hye-Youn Marzec, Jacqui Peden, David B. Kleeberger, Steven R. TI Protective Role of Interleukin-10 in Ozone-Induced Pulmonary Inflammation SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE air pollution; gene array; IL-10; inflammation; lung; ozone; pulmonary ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; INDUCED LUNG INFLAMMATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; FACTOR-ALPHA; KAPPA-B; COSTIMULATORY MOLECULES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; CYTOKINE SIGNALING-3; AIRWAY INFLAMMATION AB BACKGROUND: The mechanisms underlying ozone (O(3))-induced pulmonary inflammation remain unclear. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that is known to inhibit inflammatory mediators. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying interleuken-10 (IL-10)-mediated attenuation of O(3)-induced pulmonary inflammation in mice. METHODS: Il10-deficient (Il10(-/-)) and wild-type (Il10(+/+)) mice were exposed to 0.3 ppm O(3) or filtered air for 24, 48, or 72 hr. Immediately after exposure, differential cell counts and total protein (a marker of lung permeability) were assessed from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). mRNA and protein levels of cellular mediators were determined from lung homogenates. We also used global mRNA expression analyses of lung tissue with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis to identify patterns of gene expression through which IL-10 modifies O(3)-induced inflammation. RESULTS: Mean numbers of BALF polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) were significantly greater in Il10(-/-) mice than in Il10(+/+) mice after exposure to O(3) at all time points tested. O(3)-enhanced nuclear NF-kappa B translocation was elevated in the lungs of Il10(-/-) compared with Il10(+/+) mice. Gene expression analyses revealed several IL-10-dependent and O(3)-dependent mediators, including macro-phage inflammatory protein 2, cathepsin E, and serum amyloid A3. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that IL-10 protects against O(3)-induced pulmonary neutrophilic inflammation and cell proliferation. Moreover, gene expression analyses identified three response pathways and several genetic targets through which IL-10 may modulate the innate and adaptive immune response. These novel mechanisms of protection against the pathogenesis of O(3)-induced pulmonary inflammation may also provide potential therapeutic targets to protect susceptible individuals. C1 [Backus, Gillian S.; Fostel, Jennifer; Cho, Hye-Youn; Marzec, Jacqui; Kleeberger, Steven R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Resp Biol, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Howden, Reuben] Univ N Carolina, Dept Kinesiol, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. [Bauer, Alison K.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Pathobiol & Diagnost Invest, Ctr Integrat Toxicol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Peden, David B.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Peden, David B.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Div Immunol & Infect Dis, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Kleeberger, SR (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Resp Biol, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, 111 TW Alexander Dr,Bldg 101,MD 201, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM kleeber1@niehs.nih.gov FU Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services; NIEHS [R01ES012706] FX This work was supported by the Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services. D.B.P. was supported by a grant from NIEHS (R01ES012706). NR 48 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 118 IS 12 BP 1721 EP 1727 DI 10.1289/ehp.1002182 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 692YB UT WOS:000285190700026 PM 20826374 ER PT J AU Weber, MA Tidwell, VC Thacher, JA AF Weber, Matthew A. Tidwell, Vincent C. Thacher, Jennifer A. TI Dynamic physical and economic modelling of riparian restoration options SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Dynamic simulation; River restoration; Benefit-cost analysis; Ecosystem service; Adaptive management; Choice experiment; Rio Grande ID CONTINGENT VALUATION; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; DECISION-MAKING; UNITED-STATES; LAND-USE; RESOURCES; MANAGEMENT; IMPROVEMENTS; METAANALYSIS; SUPPORT AB A dynamic simulation framework is used to compare benefit-cost ratios of riparian restoration investment strategies to pursue ecosystem service benefits. The model is meant to be adaptable to generic restoration planning applications, with the Middle Rio Grande riparian corridor in Albuquerque, New Mexico, U.S.A. presented here as the illustrating case. Model inputs include ecosystem service values from an original choice experiment, values from regional benefit transfer studies, and information from land managers. The model includes three control variable modules: forest management, river restoration, and recreation infrastructure. Investment influences these modules, which in turn affect ecosystem service flows for the region. The model is exercised to compare a "No-Action" alternative with "Optimal Benefit-Cost Ratio" restoration funding. An extended sensitivity analysis explores a range of both physical and economic assumptions. The analysis has two major outcomes. The first is that directed restoration funding yields significant gains as compared with No-Action for all scenarios tested. The second major finding is that although optimized benefit-cost ratios are above unity for all "states of the world" tested, the ratio itself and funding patterns varied widely. These sensitivities underscore the need for a transparent adaptive management decision process supported by tools aimed not at deterministic prediction, but rather at structuring dialogue and inquiry into issues that defy simple intuition. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Weber, Matthew A.] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Tidwell, Vincent C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Geohydrol Dept 6313, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Thacher, Jennifer A.] 1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Econ, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Weber, MA (reprint author), US EPA, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM weber.matthew@epa.gov; vctidwe@sandia.gov; jthacher@unm.edu RI Thacher, Jennifer /F-5035-2012 FU Sustainability of semi-Arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas (a National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center); Sandia National Laboratories for their support through a Campus Executive Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) FX We thank the institutional and financial support of Sustainability of semi-Arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas (a National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center). We further thank Sandia National Laboratories for their support through a Campus Executive Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) fellowship. We thank Ondrea Hummel (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Albuquerque District) for her biology modelling and restoration cost advice, but note no responsibility of the Corps in association with this work should be thereby implied. We thank Connie Burdick of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for her GIS and graphics assistance. The authors are solely responsible for any errors. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 25 IS 12 BP 1825 EP 1836 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2010.05.017 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 660PI UT WOS:000282655200031 ER PT J AU Smith, LM Nestlerode, JA Harwell, LC Bourgeois, P AF Smith, Lisa M. Nestlerode, Janet A. Harwell, Linda C. Bourgeois, Pete TI The areal extent of brown shrimp habitat suitability in Mobile Bay, Alabama, USA: targeting vegetated habitat restoration SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Brown shrimp; Estuarine habitat; Habitat suitability index (HSI); Gulf of Mexico; Mobile Bay ID PENAEUS-AZTECUS; FARFANTEPENAEUS-AZTECUS; GALVESTON BAY; POSTLARVAL; SELECTION; MODEL AB The availability of wetlands and shallow water habitats significantly influences Gulf of Mexico (GOM) penaeid shrimp fishery productivity. However, the GOM region has the highest rate of wetland loss in the USA. Protection and management of these vital GOM habitats are critical to sustainable shrimp fisheries. Brown shrimp (Farfantepenaeus aztecus) are a major component of GOM fisheries. We present an approach for estimating the areal extent of suitable habitat for post-larval and juvenile brown shrimp in Mobile Bay, Alabama, using an existing habitat suitability index model for the northern GOM calculated from probabilistic survey of water quality and sediment data, land cover data, and submerged aquatic vegetation coverages. This estuarine scale approach is intended to support targeted protection and restoration of these habitats. These analyses indicate that approximately 60% of the area of Mobile Bay is categorized as suitable to near optimal for post-larval and juvenile shrimp and 38% of the area is marginally to minimally suitable. We identify potential units within Mobile Bay for targeted restoration to improve habitat suitability. C1 [Smith, Lisa M.; Nestlerode, Janet A.; Harwell, Linda C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Bourgeois, Pete] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Gulf Breeze Field Off, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Smith, LM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM smith.lisam@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX The information in this document has been funded wholly (or in part) by the US Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This is contribution number 1320 from the Gulf Ecology Division. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 171 IS 1-4 BP 611 EP 620 DI 10.1007/s10661-009-1303-0 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 672NQ UT WOS:000283592800047 PM 20082136 ER PT J AU Allen, HJ Impellitteri, CA Macke, DA Heckman, JL Poynton, HC Lazorchak, JM Govindaswamy, S Roose, DL Nadagouda, MN AF Allen, H. Joel Impellitteri, Christopher A. Macke, Dana A. Heckman, J. Lee Poynton, Helen C. Lazorchak, James M. Govindaswamy, Shekar Roose, Deborah L. Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N. TI EFFECTS FROM FILTRATION, CAPPING AGENTS, AND PRESENCE/ABSENCE OF FOOD ON THE TOXICITY OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES TO DAPHNIA MAGNA SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Silver; Nanoparticles; Daphnia magna; Aquatic toxicity ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; ZNO WATER SUSPENSIONS; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; RAINBOW-TROUT; TIO2; SIO2; C-60 AB Relatively little is known about the behavior and toxicity of nanoparticles in the environment Objectives of work presented here include establishing the toxicity of a variety of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to Daphnia magna neonates assessing the applicability of a commonly used bioassay for testing AgNPs and determining the advantages and disadvantages of multiple characterization techniques for AgNPs in simple aquatic systems Daphnia magna were exposed to a silver nitrate solution and AgNPs suspensions including commercially available AgNPs (uncoated and coated) and laboratory synthesized AgNPs (coated with coffee or citrate) The nanoparticle suspensions were analyzed for silver concentration (microwave acid digestions) size (dynamic light scattering and electron microscopy) shape (electron microscopy) surface charge (zeta potentiometer) and chemical speciation (X ray absorption spectro scopy X ray diffraction) Toxicities of filtered (100 nm) versus unfiltered suspensions were compared Additionally effects from addition of food were examined Stock suspensions were prepared by adding AgNPs to moderately hard reconstituted water which were then diluted and used straight or after filtration with 100 nm filters All nanoparticle exposure suspensions at every time interval were digested via microwave digester and analyzed by inductively coupled argon plasma optical emission spectroscopy or graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy Dose response curves were generated and median lethal concentration (LC50) values calculated The LC50 values for the unfiltered particles were (in mu g/L) 11 +/- 0 1 AgNO(3) 1 0 +/- 0 1 coffee coated 1 1 +/- 0 2 citrate coated 16 7 +/- 1 2 4 Sigma Aldrich Ag nanoparticles (SA) uncoated 31 5 8 1 SA coated LC50 values for the filtered particles were (in g/L) 0 7 +/- 0 1 AgNO(3) 1 4 +/- 0 1 SA uncoated 4 4 +/- 1 4 SA coated The LC50 resulting from the addition of food was 176 4 +/- 25 5 SA coated Recommendations presented in this study include AgNP handling methods effects from sample preparation and advantages/disadvantages of different nanoparticle characterization techniques Environ Toxicol Chem 2010 29 2742-2750 (C) 2010 SETAC C1 [Allen, H. Joel; Impellitteri, Christopher A.; Macke, Dana A.; Poynton, Helen C.; Lazorchak, James M.; Roose, Deborah L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Govindaswamy, Shekar] US EPA, Lakeshore Engn Serv, Test & Evaluat Facil, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N.] Pegasus Tech Serv, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Impellitteri, CA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. OI Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571 NR 37 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 3 U2 88 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 N 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 29 IS 12 BP 2742 EP 2750 DI 10.1002/etc.329 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 686FW UT WOS:000284683200014 PM 20890913 ER PT J AU Stanley, JK Kennedy, AJ Farrar, JD Mount, DR Steevens, JA AF Stanley, Jacob K. Kennedy, Alan J. Farrar, J. Daniel Mount, David R. Steevens, Jeffery A. TI EVALUATION OF REDUCED SEDIMENT VOLUME PROCEDURES FOR ACUTE TOXICITY TESTS USING THE ESTUARINE AMPHIPOD LEPTOCHEIRUS PLUMULOSUS SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Leptochetrus plumulosus; Sediment volume; Lead; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; Test method ID MODEL AB The volume of sediment required to perform a sediment toxicity bioassay is a major driver of the overall cost associated with that bioassay Sediment volume affects bioassay cost because of sediment collection transportation storage and disposal costs as well as labor costs associated with organism recovery at the conclusion of the exposure The objective of the current study was to evaluate reduced sediment volume versions of the standard U S Environmental Protection Agency (U S EPA) 10 d acute Leptocheirus plumulosus method that uses a beaker size of 1 000 ml and 20 organisms The test design used evaluated the effects of beaker size (250 and 100 ml) and associated sediment volume (75 and 30ml respectively) as well as organism loading density (10 and 20 organisms) on test endpoint responsiveness relative to the standard 10 d test method These comparisons were completed with three different types of contaminated sediments a field collected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contaminated sediment a lead spiked control sediment and a control sediment spiked with mineral oil Assessment criteria included test endpoint sensitivity endpoint consistency statistical power water quality and logistical assessments Results indicate that the current U S EPA method is preferable to the reduced sediment volume methods we assessed but that a 250 ml beaker/10 organism experimental design is of comparable utility and may be advantareous when reduced sediment volumes are desirable because of high contaminant (spiking studies) or sediment disposal costs In addition the results of the current study provide toxicity reference values for PAHs lead and an oil surrogate for petroleum hydrocarbons Environ Toxicol Chem 2010 29 2769-2776 (C) 2010 SETAC C1 [Stanley, Jacob K.; Kennedy, Alan J.; Farrar, J. Daniel; Steevens, Jeffery A.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Mount, David R.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Environm Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Stanley, JK (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. FU U S Army Corps of Engineers Dredging Operations Environmental Research (DOER) FX The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the policy positions of the U S EPA Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use Permission has been granted by the Chief of Engineers to publish this material Funding for this work came from the U S Army Corps of Engineers Dredging Operations Environmental Research (DOER) program (Todd S Bridges Program Manager) The authors thank Jamma Williams Jennifer Goss and Jerre Sims of the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center s Environmental Laboratory and J Russell Hockett and Correne T Jenson of the U S EPA s Office of Research and Development for technical support NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 N 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 29 IS 12 BP 2769 EP 2776 DI 10.1002/etc.333 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 686FW UT WOS:000284683200017 PM 20890914 ER PT J AU Paul, KB Hedge, JM DeVito, MJ Crofton, KM AF Paul, Katie B. Hedge, Joan M. DeVito, Michael J. Crofton, Kevin M. TI DEVELOPMENTAL TRICLOSAN EXPOSURE DECREASES MATERNAL AND NEONATAL THYROXINE IN RATS SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Endocrine disruptors; Developmental toxicity; Mammals; Triclosan ID PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; THYROID-HORMONE DISRUPTION; IN-VIVO EXPOSURE; WASTE-WATER; SHORT-TERM; EARLY-PREGNANCY; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; NONSTEROIDAL ESTROGEN; DIPHENYL ETHERS; BRAIN AB Disruption of maternal thyroid hormones during fetal developmental may result in irreversible neurological consequences in offspring The present study tested the hypothesis that perinatal triclosan exposure of dams decreases thyroxine in dams and offspring prior to weaning Pregnant Long Evans rats received triclosan by oral gavage (0-300 mg/kg/d) in corn oil from gestational day (GD)6 through postnatal day (PND)21 Serum was obtained from pups on PND4 14 and 21 and from dams on PND22 Serum thyroxine (T4) was reduced 31% in dams on PND22 In pups a unique pattern of hypothyroxinemia was observed serum T4 decreased 27% in PND4 pups with no significant reduction observed on PND14 or PND21 Comparable reductions of approximately 30% in serum T4 at 300 mg/kg/d for dams and PND4 neonates and a lack of effect at PND14 and PND21 suggest that toxicokinetic or toxicodynamic factors may have contributed to a reduced exposure or a reduced toxicological response during the lactation period Environ Toxicol Chem 2010 29 2840-2844 (C) 2010 SETAC C1 [Paul, Katie B.; Crofton, Kevin M.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Hedge, Joan M.; Crofton, Kevin M.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [DeVito, Michael J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Crofton, KM (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015 OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971 FU PhRMA Foundation; EPA/UNC [CR833237]; National Institute of Environmental Health Science [T32 ES07126] FX This manuscript has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory U S Environmental Protection Agency and approved for publication Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use The authors thank David Ross and Kateland Grant for assistance during animal sacrifice Ram Ramabhadran Sid Hunter William Mundy Tammy Stoker Doug Wolf and Leah Zorrilla are gratefully acknowledged for comments on an earlier version of this manuscript Triclosan was a generous gift from James Plautz and Lisa Navarro of Ciba Specialty Chemicals Raw data files can be obtained by contacting the corresponding author K B Paul was funded by a PhRMA Foundation Predoctoral Pharmacology/Toxicology Fellowship the EPA/UNC Toxicology Research Program Training Agreement (CR833237) and the National Institute of Environmental Health Science Training Grant (T32 ES07126) during this work NR 43 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 5 U2 20 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 N 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 29 IS 12 BP 2840 EP 2844 DI 10.1002/etc.339 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 686FW UT WOS:000284683200026 PM 20954233 ER PT J AU Werner, I Deanovic, LA Miller, J Denton, DL Crane, D Mekebri, A Moore, MT Wrysinski, J AF Werner, Inge Deanovic, Linda A. Miller, Jeff Denton, Debra L. Crane, David Mekebri, Abdou Moore, Matthew T. Wrysinski, Jeanette TI USE OF VEGETATED AGRICULTURAL DRAINAGE DITCHES TO DECREASE TOXICITY OF IRRIGATION RUNOFF FROM TOMATO AND ALFALFA FIELDS IN CALIFORNIA, USA SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Permethrin; Chlorpyrifos; Agricultural runoff; Hyalella azteca; Ceriodaphnia dubia ID MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; HYALELLA-AZTECA; PYRETHROID PESTICIDES; CHIRONOMUS-TENTANS; WATER; CHLORPYRIFOS; CONTAMINATION; ESFENVALERATE; TEMPERATURE; MITIGATION AB The current study investigated the potential of vegetated drainage ditches for mitigating the impact of agricultural irrigation runoff on downstream aquatic ecosystems Water column toxicity to larval fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) and the amphipod Hyalella azteca was measured for 12h or less at the ditch inflow and outflow using custom built in situ exposure systems In addition water and sediment samples were subject to standard toxicity tests with Ceriodaphnia dubia and H azteca respectively No acute toxicity to larval fathead minnow was observed however runoff was highly toxic to invertebrates Passage through a 389 to 402 m section of vegetated ditch had a mitigating effect and reduced toxicity to some degree However runoff from an alfalfa field treated with chlorpyrifos remained highly toxic to both invertebrate species and runoff from a tomato field treated with permethrin remained highly toxic to H azteca after passage through the ditch Predicted toxic units calculated from insecticide concentrations in runoff and 96 h median lethal concentration (LC50) values generally agreed with C dubia toxicity measured in the laboratory but significantly underestimated in situ toxicity to H azteca Sediments collected near the ditch outflow were toxic to H azteca Results from the current study demonstrate that experimental vegetated ditches were unable to eliminate the risk of irrigation runoff to aquatic ecosystems In addition protective measures based on chemical concentrations or laboratory toxicity tests with C dubia do not ensure adequate protection of aquatic ecosystems from pyrethroid associated toxicity Environ Toxicol Chem 2010 29 2859-2868 (C) 2010 SETAC C1 [Werner, Inge; Deanovic, Linda A.] Univ Calif Davis, Aquat Toxicol Lab, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Miller, Jeff] AQUA Sci, Davis, CA USA. [Denton, Debra L.] US EPA, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. [Crane, David; Mekebri, Abdou] Water Pollut Control Lab, Dept Fish & Game, Rancho Cordova, CA USA. [Moore, Matthew T.] ARS, USDA, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS USA. [Wrysinski, Jeanette] Yolo Cty Resource Conservat Distnct, Woodland, CA USA. RP Werner, I (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Aquat Toxicol Lab, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. FU California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) [04 070 555 0] FX The authors would like to thank the staff of the UC Davis Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory in particular Charissa Reece Mane Stillway and Dan Markiewicz for their hard work on this project Additional enthusiastic supporters such as Richard Connon and Tony Ha were invaluable during the long field days and nights We thank Michelle Hladik U S Geological Society (Sacramento CA USA) for providing analytical support for the pesticide adsorption study Funding for this project has been provided by the California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB grant 04 070 555 0 to Yolo County Resource Conservation District) Contents of this document do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the SWRCB NR 40 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 18 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 N 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 29 IS 12 BP 2859 EP 2868 DI 10.1002/etc.356 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 686FW UT WOS:000284683200029 PM 20836062 ER PT J AU Sriram, K Lin, GX Jefferson, AM Roberts, JR Wirth, O Hayashi, Y Krajnak, KM Soukup, JM Ghio, AJ Reynolds, SH Castranova, V Munson, AE Antonini, JM AF Sriram, Krishnan Lin, Gary X. Jefferson, Amy M. Roberts, Jenny R. Wirth, Oliver Hayashi, Yusuke Krajnak, Kristine M. Soukup, Joleen M. Ghio, Andrew J. Reynolds, Steven H. Castranova, Vincent Munson, Albert E. Antonini, James M. TI Mitochondrial dysfunction and loss of Parkinson's disease-linked proteins contribute to neurotoxicity of manganese-containing welding fumes SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE brain; DJ-1; neurodegeneration; Park genes; proteasome; ubiquitin-proteasome pathway ID EARLY-ONSET PARKINSONISM; OXIDATIVE STRESS; CELL-DEATH; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; PERMEABILITY TRANSITION; JUVENILE PARKINSONISM; NEUROLOGICAL DISEASE; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; S18Y POLYMORPHISM; ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN AB Welding generates complex metal aerosols, inhalation of which is linked to adverse health effects among welders. An important health concern of welding fume (WF) exposure is neurological dysfunction akin to Parkinson's disease (PD), thought to be mediated by manganese (Mn) in the fumes. Also, there is a proposition that welding might accelerate the onset of PD. Our recent findings link the presence of Mn in the WF with dopaminergic neurotoxicity seen in rats exposed to manual metal arc-hard surfacing (MMA-HS) or gas metal arc-mild steel (GMA-MS) fumes. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms further, we investigated the association of PD-linked (Park) genes and mitochondrial function in causing dopaminergic abnormality. Repeated instillations of the two fumes at doses that mimic similar to 1 to 5 yr of worker exposure resulted in selective brain accumulation of Mn. This accumulation caused impairment of mitochondrial function and loss of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein, indicative of dopaminergic injury. A fascinating finding was the altered expression of Parkin (Park2), Uchl1 (Park5), and Dj1 (Park7) proteins in dopaminergic brain areas. A similar regimen of manganese chloride (MnCl(2)) also caused extensive loss of striatal TH, mitochondrial electron transport components, and Park proteins. As mutations in PARK genes have been linked to early-onset PD in humans, and because welding is implicated as a risk factor for parkinsonism, PARK genes might play a critical role in WF-mediated dopaminergic dysfunction. Whether these molecular alterations culminate in neurobehavioral and neuropathological deficits reminiscent of PD remains to be ascertained.-Sriram, K., Lin, G. X., Jefferson, A. M., Roberts, J. R., Wirth, O., Hayashi, Y., Krajnak, K. M., Soukup, J. M., Ghio, A. J., Reynolds, S. H., Castranova, V., Munson, A. E., Antonini, J. M. Mitochondrial dysfunction and loss of Parkinson's disease-linked proteins contribute to neurotoxicity of manganese-containing welding fumes. FASEB J. 24, 4989-5002 (2010). www.fasebj.org C1 [Sriram, Krishnan] NIOSH, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, CDC, Hlth Effects Lab, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Soukup, Joleen M.; Ghio, Andrew J.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Sriram, K (reprint author), NIOSH, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, CDC, Hlth Effects Lab, Mailstop L-3014,1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM kos4@cdc.gov NR 96 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 9 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 24 IS 12 BP 4989 EP 5002 DI 10.1096/fj.10-163964 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 688BO UT WOS:000284824400037 PM 20798247 ER PT J AU Hamilton, AT Barbour, MT Bierwagen, BG AF Hamilton, Anna T. Barbour, Michael T. Bierwagen, Britta G. TI Implications of global change for the maintenance of water quality and ecological integrity in the context of current water laws and environmental policies SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Global change; Climate change; Water law; Environmental policy; Bioassessment ID STREAM MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES; MULTIPLE SOURCE ASSESSMENT; LIFE-HISTORY STRATEGIES; RECENT CLIMATE-CHANGE; BIOLOGICAL TRAITS; SPECIES RICHNESS; LAND-USE; ECOSYSTEM HEALTH; CATCHMENTS INCA; AQUATIC INSECTS AB There is both a fundamental and applied need to define expectations of changes in aquatic ecosystems due to global changes. It is clear that programs using biological indicators and reference-based comparisons as the foundation for assessments are likely to make increasingly erroneous decisions if the impacts of global change are ignored. Global changes influence all aspects of water resource management decisions based on comparisons to reference conditions with impacts making it increasingly problematic to find an "undisturbed" water body to define acceptable conditions of ecological integrity. Using a more objective scale for characterizing reference conditions that is anchored in expectations for what would be attainable under undisturbed conditions, such as the Biological Condition Gradient (BCG) is one approach that maintains consistent definitions for ecosystem conditions. In addition, protection of reference stations and of unique or undisturbed aquatic resources is imperative, though the scope of protection options is limited. Projections indicate that encroaching land use will affect 36-48% of current reference surface waters by the year 2100. The interpretation of biological indicators is also at risk from global changes. Distinguishing taxonomic attributes based on temperature or hydrologic preferences can be used to enhance the ability to make inferences about global change effects compared to other stressors. Difficulties arise in categorizing unique indicators of global changes, because of similarities in some of the temperature and hydrologic effects resulting from climate change, land use changes, and water removal. In the quest for biological indicators that might be uniquely sensitive to one global stressor as an aid in recognizing probable causes of ecosystem damage, the potential similarities in indicator responses among global and landscape-scale changes needs to be recognized as a limiting factor. Many aspects of global changes are not tractable at the local to regional scales at which water quality regulations are typically managed. Our ability to implement water policies through bioassessment will require a shift in the scale of assessment, planning, and adaptations in order to fulfill our ultimate regulatory goals of preserving good water quality and ecological integrity. Providing clear expectations of effects due to global change for key species and communities in freshwater ecosystems will help water quality programs achieve their goals under changing environmental conditions. C1 [Hamilton, Anna T.; Barbour, Michael T.] Tetra Tech Inc, Ctr Ecol Sci, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Bierwagen, Britta G.] US EPA, Global Change Res Program, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Hamilton, AT (reprint author), Tetra Tech Inc, Ctr Ecol Sci, Santa Fe, NM USA. EM Anna.Hamilton@tetratech.com; Michael.Barbour@tetratech.com; Bierwagen.Britta@epa.gov RI Bierwagen, Britta/G-5943-2010 FU National Center for Environmental Assessment in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Research and Development [GS-10F-0268K, DO 1107] FX The authors would like to thank L. Yuan, R. Novak, K. Metchis, and several anonymous reviewers for their comments, which greatly improved this article. The authors would also like to thank R. Cantilli of the U.S. EPA for supporting some of our initial thinking on climate change implications to water policy. The Global Change Research Program in the National Center for Environmental Assessment in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Research and Development provided financial support for the analyses contributing to this article through contract # GS-10F-0268K, DO 1107 to Tetra Tech, Inc. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and they do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 83 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 37 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD DEC PY 2010 VL 657 IS 1 BP 263 EP 278 DI 10.1007/s10750-010-0316-6 PG 16 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 656IP UT WOS:000282323300018 ER PT J AU Solomon, PA AF Solomon, Paul A. TI Special Issue of Inhalation Toxicology for Air Pollution and Health: Bridging the Gap from Sources-to-Health Outcomes SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. RP Solomon, PA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 944 E Harmon Ave, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. EM solomon.paul@epa.gov NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 22 SU 2 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.3109/08958378.2010.539633 PG 5 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 693AP UT WOS:000285197300001 PM 21142795 ER PT J AU Johns, DO Svendsgaard, D Linn, WS AF Johns, Douglas O. Svendsgaard, David Linn, William S. TI Analysis of the concentration-respiratory response among asthmatics following controlled short-term exposures to sulfur dioxide SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sulfur dioxide; controlled human exposures; National Ambient Air Quality Standards; concentration-response; bronchoconstriction; asthma ID INDUCED BRONCHOCONSTRICTION; DOSE-RESPONSE; SYMPTOM PERCEPTION; EXERCISE; RESPONSIVENESS; ADOLESCENTS; VOLUNTEERS AB Some of the most compelling evidence of sulfur dioxide (SO2)-induced respiratory morbidity is derived from a large body of studies involving controlled short-term exposures among groups of asthmatic volunteers. These studies were extensively cited in the recently completed review of the primary National Ambient Air Quality Standards for SO2. Although it is clear from these investigations that exposure to SO2 may result in a significant increase in bronchoconstriction, there is uncertainty regarding the range of concentrations over which this respiratory response occurs. The objective of this study was to better characterize the concentration-response relationship between SO2 and measures of bronchoconstriction using individual subject lung function response data. In reviewing studies of asthmatics exposed to SO2 during 5- to 10-min periods of elevated ventilation, we observed clear and consistent evidence of an increase in the bronchoconstrictive response to SO2 with increasing exposure concentrations between 0.2 and 1.0 ppm. In a subsequent analysis of individual subject data, it was found that those asthmatics experiencing SO2-induced respiratory effects at relatively high exposure concentrations are also more likely than nonresponders to experience similar effects after exposure to lower SO2 concentrations (<= 0.4 ppm). Although the clinical significance of these effects is unsettled, the findings provide additional support to epidemiologic evidence of an association between ambient SO2 concentration and various measures of respiratory morbidity in the general population. C1 [Johns, Douglas O.; Svendsgaard, David] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Linn, William S.] Los Amigos Res & Educ Inst, Downey, CA USA. [Linn, William S.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. RP Johns, DO (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail Code B243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM johns.doug@epa.gov FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [5P30ES007048]; Children's Environmental Health Center [s 5P01ES009581, R826708-01, RD831861-01]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and the Environmental Protection Agency; American Petroleum Institute FX The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. During the writing of this article, W.S. Linn received support from Southern California Environmental Health Sciences Center (grant # 5P30ES007048) funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, from the Children's Environmental Health Center (grant #s 5P01ES009581, R826708-01 and RD831861-01) funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and the Environmental Protection Agency, and from the American Petroleum Institute. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 22 IS 14 BP 1184 EP 1193 DI 10.3109/08958378.2010.535220 PG 10 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 688XH UT WOS:000284889300006 PM 21126154 ER PT J AU Travers, D AF Travers, David TI Water Security e-Tools. Greater Preparedness and Resiliency From Your Desktop SO JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Travers, David] US EPA, Off Ground Water & Drinking Water, Water Secur Div, Washington, DC USA. RP Travers, D (reprint author), US EPA, Off Ground Water & Drinking Water, Water Secur Div, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER WATER WORKS ASSOC PI DENVER PA 6666 W QUINCY AVE, DENVER, CO 80235 USA SN 0003-150X J9 J AM WATER WORKS ASS JI J. Am. Water Work Assoc. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 102 IS 12 BP 24 EP 26 PG 3 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 703CX UT WOS:000285952800010 ER PT J AU Yeatts, SD Gennings, C Wagner, ED Simmons, JE Plewa, MJ AF Yeatts, Sharon D. Gennings, Chris Wagner, Elizabeth D. Simmons, Jane Ellen Plewa, Michael J. TI Detecting Departure From Additivity Along a Fixed-Ratio Mixture Ray With a Piecewise Model for Dose and Interaction Thresholds SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS LA English DT Article DE Dose threshold; Dose-dependent interaction; Synergy ID DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS; MAMMALIAN-CELL CYTOTOXICITY; GENOTOXICITY; TOXICOLOGY; EXPOSURE; IMPACT AB For mixtures of many chemicals, a ray design based on a relevant, fixed mixing ratio is useful for detecting departure from additivity. Methods for detecting departure involve modeling the response as a function of total dose along the ray. For mixtures with many components, the interaction may be dose dependent. Therefore, we have developed the use of a three-segment model containing both a dose threshold and an interaction threshold. Prior to the dose threshold, the response is that of background; between the dose threshold and the interaction threshold, an additive relationship exists; the model allows for departure from additivity beyond the interaction threshold. With such a model, we can conduct a hypothesis test of additivity, as well as a test for a region of additivity. The methods are illustrated with cytotoxicity data that arise when Chinese hamster ovary cells are exposed to a mixture of nine haloacetic acids. C1 [Yeatts, Sharon D.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Gennings, Chris] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biostat, Richmond, VA USA. [Wagner, Elizabeth D.; Plewa, Michael J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Simmons, Jane Ellen] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Yeatts, SD (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, 135 Cannon St,Suite 303,MSC 835, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. EM yeatts@musc.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health [T32 007334]; Center of Advanced Materials for the Purification of Water with Systems, a National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center [CTS 0120978] FX The research presented in this article was supported in part by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health grant T32 007334 (SY) and the Center of Advanced Materials for the Purification of Water with Systems, a National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center Award CTS 0120978 (MP). The authors thank the associate editor and the two anonymous referees for their helpful comments on the earlier version of this manuscript. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1085-7117 J9 J AGR BIOL ENVIR ST JI J. Agric. Biol. Environ. Stat. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 15 IS 4 BP 510 EP 522 DI 10.1007/s13253-010-0030-x PG 13 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA 688MD UT WOS:000284852500006 PM 21359103 ER PT J AU Testa, JW Adams, GP Bergfelt, DR Johnson, DS Ream, RR Gelatt, TS AF Testa, J. Ward Adams, Gregg P. Bergfelt, Don R. Johnson, Devin S. Ream, Rolf R. Gelatt, Thomas S. TI Replicating necropsy data without lethal collections: using ultrasonography to understand the decline in northern fur seals SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Alaska; Bering Sea; Callorhinus ursinus; embryonic diapause; fecundity; Pribilof Islands; St. Paul Island ID MOOSE ALCES-ALCES; CALLORHINUS-URSINUS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; GREY SEALS; HALICHOERUS-GRYPUS; LOXODONTA-AFRICANA; PUP PRODUCTION; BODY CONDITION; PREGNANCY; ULTRASOUND AB 1. Many valuable contributions to the biology and conservation of harvested or previously harvested species have come from examination of specimens obtained by lethal collections. The northern fur seal Callorhinus ursinus on the Pribilof Islands, Alaska, has a long history of exploitation, including a large (> 320 000) experimental harvest of females from 1955 to 1968 when the population was at a peak (similar to 2 million seals). The decline caused by this harvest was followed in 1977 by another major decline, apparently unrelated to harvest, that has recently accelerated. 2. To obtain current reproductive data that could be compared directly with historic estimates, we used imaging ultrasonography to estimate pregnancy rate in 171 adult fur seals captured on St. Paul Island, Alaska, in November, near the end of embryonic diapause. A modified logistic regression of pregnancy by date was used to estimate asymptotic pregnancy rate; a Bayesian hierarchical model based on date and size of embryonic vesicle was also used to account for pregnancies that were not detectable on the date of examination. 3. Pregnancy rate was high [0.85 (SE = 0.05), 0.88 (SE = 0.05) or 0.92 (SE = 0.04), depending on method] and there was little statistical support for the hypothesis that the current pregnancy rate is lower than the pre-decline rate (0.84, SE = 0.012) or contributing significantly to the present decline. 4. Synthesis and applications. Further study on intrauterine losses and pupping rates is necessary and ongoing, but reproductive ultrasonography provided an early comparative assessment important for the conservation management of this fur seal stock. It narrows the search for demographic and ecological causes of the population decline and allows research priorities to evolve in response to the likelihood of those causes. The field and analytic methods described have application to population assessments of other mammalian species, including those considered threatened or serving as ecosystem indicators. C1 [Testa, J. Ward; Johnson, Devin S.; Ream, Rolf R.; Gelatt, Thomas S.] Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Testa, J. Ward] Univ Alaska, Dept Biol Sci, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Adams, Gregg P.] Univ Saskatchewan, Western Coll Vet Med, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada. [Bergfelt, Don R.] US EPA, Off Sci Coordinat & Policy, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Testa, JW (reprint author), Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. EM ward.testa@noaa.gov FU National Marine Mammal Laboratory; Alaska Fisheries Science Center; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Western College of Veterinary Medicine; University of Saskatchewan FX We wish to thank J. Baker, D. Deghetto, E. C. Goertz, C. Kuhn, E. Kunisch, B. Page, P. Pomeroy, J. Sterling, J. Thomason and M. Williams for their assistance in the field. Support was provided by the National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Alaska Fisheries Science Center. Support for DRB was provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. GPA was supported by the Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan. We thank J. Baker, LL. Boyd and P. P. Pomeroy and 4 anonymous reviewers for constructive comments on the manuscript. Fur seal captures were conducted under Marine Mammal Protection Act Permit No. 782-1708-00 issued to the National Marine Mammal Laboratory. Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by the National Marine Fisheries Service, U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. NR 62 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-8901 J9 J APPL ECOL JI J. Appl. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 47 IS 6 BP 1199 EP 1206 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01888.x PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 677IQ UT WOS:000283983200006 ER PT J AU Sushko, I Novotarskyi, S Korner, R Pandey, AK Cherkasov, A Lo, JZ Gramatica, P Hansen, K Schroeter, T Muller, KR Xi, LL Liu, HX Yao, XJ Oberg, T Hormozdiari, F Dao, PH Sahinalp, C Todeschini, R Polishchuk, P Artemenko, A Kuz'min, V Martin, TM Young, DM Fourches, D Muratov, E Tropsha, A Baskin, I Horvath, D Marcou, G Muller, C Varnek, A Prokopenko, VV Tetko, IV AF Sushko, Iurii Novotarskyi, Sergii Koerner, Robert Pandey, Anil Kumar Cherkasov, Artem Lo, Jiazhong Gramatica, Paola Hansen, Katja Schroeter, Timon Mueller, Klaus-Robert Xi, Lili Liu, Huanxiang Yao, Xiaojun Oberg, Tomas Hormozdiari, Farhad Dao, Phuong Sahinalp, Cenk Todeschini, Roberto Polishchuk, Pavel Artemenko, Anatoliy Kuz'min, Victor Martin, Todd M. Young, Douglas M. Fourches, Denis Muratov, Eugene Tropsha, Alexander Baskin, Igor Horvath, Dragos Marcou, Gilles Muller, Christophe Varnek, Alexander Prokopenko, Volodymyr V. Tetko, Igor V. TI Applicability Domains for Classification Problems: Benchmarking of Distance to Models for Ames Mutagenicity Set SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING LA English DT Article ID ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS; SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES; PARTIAL LEAST-SQUARES; E-STATE INDEXES; QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE; UNCERTAINTY ASSESSMENT; QSPR MODELS; QSAR MODELS; SELECTION; ACCURACY AB The estimation of accuracy and applicability of QSAR and QSPR models for biological and physicochemical properties represents a critical problem. The developed parameter of "distance to model" (DM) is defined as a metric of similarity between the training and test set compounds that have been subjected to QSAR/QSPR modeling. In our previous work, we demonstrated the utility and optimal performance of DM metrics that have been based on the standard deviation within an ensemble of QSAR models. The current study applies such analysis to 30 QSAR models for the Ames mutagenicity data set that were previously reported within the 2009 QSAR challenge. We demonstrate that the DMs based on an ensemble (consensus) model provide systematically better performance than other DMs. The presented approach identifies 30-60% of compounds having an accuracy of prediction similar to the interlaboratory accuracy of the Ames test, which is estimated to be 90%. Thus, the in silico predictions can be used to halve the cost of experimental measurements by providing a similar prediction accuracy. The developed model has been made publicly available at http://ochem.eu/models/1. C1 [Sushko, Iurii; Novotarskyi, Sergii; Koerner, Robert; Pandey, Anil Kumar; Tetko, Igor V.] German Res Ctr Environm Hlth GmbH, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Inst Bioinformat & Syst Biol, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. [Cherkasov, Artem] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver Prostate Ctr, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada. [Lo, Jiazhong; Gramatica, Paola] Univ Insubria, Dept Struct & Funct Biol, QSAR Res Unit Environm Chem & Ecotoxicol, I-21100 Varese, Italy. [Hansen, Katja; Schroeter, Timon; Mueller, Klaus-Robert] Tech Univ Berlin, Machine Learning Dept, D-10587 Berlin, Germany. [Schroeter, Timon] Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Nonclin Drug Safety, D-13353 Berlin, Germany. [Xi, Lili; Yao, Xiaojun] Lanzhou Univ, Dept Chem, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. [Liu, Huanxiang] Lanzhou Univ, Sch Pharm, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. [Oberg, Tomas] Linnaeis Univ, Sch Nat Sci, S-39182 Kalmar, Sweden. [Hormozdiari, Farhad; Dao, Phuong; Sahinalp, Cenk] Simon Fraser Univ, Sch Comp Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Todeschini, Roberto] Univ Milano Bicocca, Dept Environm Sci, Milano Chemometr & QSAR Res Grp, I-20126 Milan, Italy. [Polishchuk, Pavel; Artemenko, Anatoliy; Kuz'min, Victor; Muratov, Eugene] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, AV Bogatsky Physicochem Inst, UA-65080 Odessa, Ukraine. [Martin, Todd M.; Young, Douglas M.] US EPA, Clean Processes Branch, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Fourches, Denis; Muratov, Eugene; Tropsha, Alexander] Univ N Carolina, Lab Mol Modeling, Eshelman Sch Pharm, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Baskin, Igor] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Chem, Moscow 119991, Russia. [Horvath, Dragos; Marcou, Gilles; Muller, Christophe; Varnek, Alexander] Univ Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7177, Lab Infochim, F-67000 Strasbourg, France. [Prokopenko, Volodymyr V.] Ukrainian Acad Sci, Inst Bioorgan & Petrochem, UA-02660 Kiev, Ukraine. RP Tetko, IV (reprint author), German Res Ctr Environm Hlth GmbH, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Inst Bioinformat & Syst Biol, Ingolstaedter Landstr I, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. EM itetko@vcclab.org RI Oberg, Tomas/H-4543-2011; Cherkasov, Artem/A-2134-2012; Baskin, Igor/I-2490-2012; Muller, Klaus/C-3196-2013; Todeschini, Roberto/B-5868-2014; Muratov, Eugene/C-4454-2014; Tropsha, Alexander/G-6245-2014; Tetko, Igor/B-1540-2010; MARCOU, Gilles/F-8592-2015; Varnek, Alexandre/E-7076-2017 OI Oberg, Tomas/0000-0001-9382-9296; Gramatica, Paola/0000-0002-6364-6138; Baskin, Igor/0000-0003-0874-1148; Todeschini, Roberto/0000-0002-6454-4192; Muratov, Eugene/0000-0003-4616-7036; Tetko, Igor/0000-0002-6855-0012; MARCOU, Gilles/0000-0003-1676-6708; Varnek, Alexandre/0000-0003-1886-925X FU GO-Bio BMBF [0313883]; FP7 project [CADASTER 212668]; Germany Ukraine collaboration project UKR [08/006]; NIH [R01GM66940, R21GM076059] FX This study was partially supported with GO-Bio BMBF grant 0313883, FP7 project CADASTER 212668, and Germany Ukraine collaboration project UKR 08/006, and by the NIH grants R01GM66940 and R21GM076059. We would like to thank all participants of the Ames challenge, who contributed to the development of models used in this study as well as the reviewers for their constructive remarks. NR 60 TC 87 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1549-9596 J9 J CHEM INF MODEL JI J. Chem Inf. Model. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 50 IS 12 BP 2094 EP 2111 DI 10.1021/ci100253r PG 18 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Computer Science GA 697ZL UT WOS:000285559900004 PM 21033656 ER PT J AU Lu, HF Bai, Y Ren, H Campbell, DE AF Lu, Hongfang Bai, Yu Ren, Hai Campbell, Daniel E. TI Integrated emergy, energy and economic evaluation of rice and vegetable production systems in alluvial paddy fields: Implications for agricultural policy in China SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Rice production; Vegetable production; Ecological-economic efficiency; Sustainability; Emergy analysis ID POULTRY PRODUCTION; SUSTAINABILITY; FARMS; MANAGEMENT; BRAZIL; FISH AB China is the largest rice producing and consuming country in the world, but rice production has given way to the production of vegetables during the past twenty years. The government has been trying to stop this land-use conversion and increase the area in rice-vegetable rotation. Important questions that must be answered to determine what strategy is best for society are, "What is the reason behind this conversion?"; "Which system is more productive and which is more sustainable?"; and "How can economic policy be used to adjust the pattern of farmland use to attain sustainable development?" To answer these questions, a combined evaluation of these agricultural production systems was done using emergy, energy and economic methods. An economic analysis clearly showed that the reason for this conversion was simply that the economic output/input ratio and the benefit density of the vegetable production system were greater than that of rice. However, both energy and emergy evaluations showed that long-term rice was the best choice for sustainable development, followed by rotation systems. The current price of rice is lower than the em-value of rice produced from the long-term rice system, but higher than that of rice produced from the rotation system. Scenario analysis showed that if the government increases the price of rice to the em-value of rice produced from the long-term rice system, US$0.4/kg, and takes the value of soil organic matter into account, the economic output/input ratios of both the rice and rotation systems will be higher than that of the vegetable system. The three methods, energy, emergy and economics, are different but complementary, each revealing a different aspect of the same system. Their combined use shows not only the reasons behind a system's current state or condition, but also the way to adjust these systems to move toward more sustainable states. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lu, Hongfang; Ren, Hai] Chinese Acad Sci, S China Bot Garden, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Bai, Yu] Haitong Secur Corp Ltd, Shanghai 200001, Peoples R China. [Campbell, Daniel E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI USA. RP Ren, H (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, S China Bot Garden, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM renhai@scbg.ac.cn FU Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (973 Program) [2009CB421101]; National Science Foundation of China [30600072]; Chinese Academy of Sciences FX We thank Mr. Xingfu Gu, Yuping Ye, and Huanbing Deng of the Agricultural Bureau of Huiyang, and Mr. Qixin Zeng and Siwei Zhang at of the Agriculture Office of Liangjing county in Huiyang, and the famers of the 24 study sites for help in site selection, sampling and investigation. We also thank Mrs. Elisabeth C. Odum for help in improving the English in this manuscript, and five anonymous reviewers for very helpful comments and suggestions of the manuscript. This study was supported by Projects of the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (973 Program, 2009CB421101), the National Science Foundation of China (30600072), and the Director's Award of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. This work is a contribution of the Key laboratory of vegetation restoration and management of degraded ecosystems, South China Botanical garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences. NR 52 TC 36 Z9 40 U1 4 U2 46 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 91 IS 12 BP 2727 EP 2735 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.07.025 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 663YN UT WOS:000282926200039 PM 20702024 ER PT J AU Trebitz, AS West, CW Hoffman, JC Kelly, JR Peterson, GS Grigorovich, IA AF Trebitz, Anett S. West, Corlis W. Hoffman, Joel C. Kelly, John R. Peterson, Gregory S. Grigorovich, Igor A. TI Status of non-indigenous benthic invertebrates in the Duluth-Superior Harbor and the role of sampling methods in their detection SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Benthos; Non-native species; First detection; Gear effects; Taxonomy ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; AMPHIPOD GAMMARUS-TIGRINUS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; ECHINOGAMMARUS-ISCHNUS; INVASION; HURON; INTRODUCTIONS; POPULATIONS; FASCIATUS; DISPERSAL AB As part of a study to develop recommendations for non-indigenous species (NIS) monitoring in Great Lakes areas at risk of invasion, we conducted intensive sampling in the Duluth-Superior Harbor and lower St. Louis River in 2005 and 2006. Of the similar to 240 benthic invertebrate taxa identified, 19 were non-indigenous, including 8 first detection records for this system: New Zealand mud snail Potamopyrgus antipodarum; African/Asian-origin cladoceran Daphnia lumholtzi; Eurasian-origin amphipod Echinogammarus ischnus; Eurasian-origin bivalves Dreissena bugensis, Pisidium henslowanum and Pisidium supinum; and possibly range expanding oligochaetes Paranais frici and Pristina acuminata. Dreissenids were by far the most abundant NIS. Several other NIS were also common, but others were detected in only a few of the >200 samples taken. Non-indigenous amphipods and Dreissena were most frequently detected in sweep net and colonization plate samples of littoral vegetation, while NIS oligochaetes, gastropods, and non-dreissenid bivalves were most frequently detected in ponar and bottom sled samples of sediments. Our findings confirm that this major shipping port remains a NIS "hotspot" and emphasize that regular surveys covering a range of habitats with multiple sampling gears and thorough taxonomic effort are needed to detect and monitor non-indigenous species. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research. C1 [Trebitz, Anett S.; West, Corlis W.; Hoffman, Joel C.; Kelly, John R.; Peterson, Gregory S.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Grigorovich, Igor A.] Wilson Environm Labs, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Trebitz, AS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM trebitz.anett@epa.gov; hoffman.joel@epa.gov; kelly.johnr@epa.gov; peterson.greg@epa.gov; igrigorovich@gmail.com FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX Charlie Butterworth, Tim Corry, Sam Miller, Mario Picinich, Brian Sederberg, and Jon Van Alstine assisted with the field work. The map was produced by Matthew Starry. We thank Tim Dawson and staff at Wilson Environmental Laboratories for conducting sample picking and counting; staff taxonomists were Kevin Stroom and John Sandberg in addition to co-author Grigorovich. Outside taxonomic experts consulted for quality assurance checks and difficult specimens were Dr. Gerry Mackie (University of Guelph) and Drs. Mary Balcer and Kurt Schmude (University of Wisconsin - Superior). Although this work was fully funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Agency. NR 53 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 36 IS 4 BP 747 EP 756 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2010.09.003 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 692QN UT WOS:000285170300018 ER PT J AU Jefferson, WN AF Jefferson, Wendy N. TI Adult Ovarian Function Can Be Affected by High Levels of Soy SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Soy Summit Exploration of the Nutrition and Health Effects of Whole Soy CY SEP 21-22, 2009 CL Columbia Univ, Inst Human Nutr, New York, NY HO Columbia Univ, Inst Human Nutr ID ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR-BETA; PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; JAPANESE WOMEN; PHYTOESTROGENS; FOODS; ISOFLAVONES; INFERTILITY; RESPONSES; SOYBEANS AB Ovarian function in adults is controlled by hormones circulating in the body The primary hormone responsible for cyclicity in animals and humans is estrogen Estrogen is mostly produced in the ovary and enters the circulation where it then signals the brain for a response The parts of the brain that controls reproductive hormones are the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary Estrogen stimulates the hypothalamus to produce gonadotropin releasing hormone which in turn signals the anterior pituitary to produce follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone These hormones enter the circulation and signal the ovary to ovulate Substances with estrogenic activity can potentially interfere with this signaling if levels of activity are sufficient to cause a response Soy foods contain estrogenic substances called phytoestrogens The predominant phytoestrogens found in soy are genistein and daidzein The female reproductive system is dependent on hormones for proper function and phytoestrogens at very high levels can interfere with this process This paper summarizes the literature on adult soy consumption and its effect on ovarian function J Nutr 140 2322S-2325S 2010 C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Reprod & Dev Toxicol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Jefferson, WN (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Reprod & Dev Toxicol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 140 IS 12 BP 2322S EP 2325S DI 10.3945/jn.110.123802 PG 4 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 692AG UT WOS:000285123300033 PM 20980642 ER PT J AU McGarvey, DJ Johnston, JM Barber, MC AF McGarvey, Daniel J. Johnston, John M. Barber, M. Craig TI Predicting fish densities in lotic systems: a simple modeling approach SO JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN BENTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE body mass vs abundance; self-thinning relationship; trophic transfer efficiency; scalable model; simple vs complex models; macroecology; primary production; stream ecology ID TROPHIC TRANSFER EFFICIENCY; STREAM-LIVING SALMONIDS; SELF-THINNING RULE; BODY-SIZE; POPULATION-DENSITY; SMALLMOUTH BASS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; COLORADO SQUAWFISH; TROUT ABUNDANCE; TERRITORY SIZE AB Fish density models are essential tools for fish ecologists and fisheries managers. However, applying these models can be difficult because of high levels of model complexity and the large number of parameters that must be estimated. We designed a simple fish density model and tested whether it could predict fish densities in lotic systems with meaningful levels of accuracy and precision. We built our 6-parameter model on 2 key assumptions: 1) fish population density is a power function of mean body mass (i.e., the self-thinning relationship), and 2) energetic resources are transferred from lower to higher trophic levels at a nearly constant rate (i.e., trophic transfer efficiency). We estimated the self-thinning and trophic transfer efficiency parameters by randomly sampling from values reported in the primary literature. Remaining parameters were net primary production, trophic level, the production:biomass ratio, and mean body mass. We used empirical parameter estimates and fish density estimates to test the model in 4 warm-water and 4 cold-water systems. Model accuracy was high in 3 test systems (deviations between the model-predicted densities and empirically observed densities <30%), moderate in 3 test systems (deviations 75-111%), and low in 2 systems (deviations >150%). Model precision was low (e.g., the interquartile ranges of model-predicted densities encompassed similar to 1 order of magnitude), but appropriate for predicting fish densities at coarse spatial and temporal scales. We concluded that the model is a potentially useful and efficient tool, and we provide recommendations for applying the model. In particular, we emphasize that the model is scalable, and therefore, well-suited for estimating fish densities at large spatial scales. We also point out that the model is a carrying capacity model, and therefore, can be used to predict fish densities in undisturbed systems or to approximate reference conditions. C1 [McGarvey, Daniel J.; Johnston, John M.; Barber, M. Craig] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP McGarvey, DJ (reprint author), US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM mcgar002@gmail.com; johnston.johnm@epa.gov; barber.craig@epa.gov RI McGarvey, Daniel/A-7725-2009 NR 110 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 27 PU NORTH AMER BENTHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMSPHIRE STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0887-3593 J9 J N AM BENTHOL SOC JI J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 29 IS 4 BP 1212 EP 1227 DI 10.1899/09-094.1 PG 16 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 676EB UT WOS:000283891800003 ER PT J AU Ren, RQ Willis, MS Fedoriw, Y AF Ren, Rongqin Willis, Monte S. Fedoriw, Yuri TI Episodic Fever and Neutropenia in a 22-Year-Old Male SO LABMEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE Genetics; Hematology; Hematopathology; Clinical Pathology; Chemistry ID SEVERE CONGENITAL NEUTROPENIA; UNFOLDED PROTEIN RESPONSE; ONSET CYCLIC NEUTROPENIA; BREAST-CANCER PATIENTS; X-LINKED NEUTROPENIA; INDUCED AGRANULOCYTOSIS; FOLLOW-UP; LEVAMISOLE; MUTATIONS; ELASTASE C1 [Willis, Monte S.; Fedoriw, Yuri] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Ren, Rongqin] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Fedoriw, Y (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL PATHOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 2100 W HARRISON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60612 USA SN 0007-5027 J9 LABMEDICINE JI Labmedicine PD DEC PY 2010 VL 41 IS 12 BP 708 EP 712 DI 10.1309/LM6BB0G1VYT0SFNF PG 5 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 686FH UT WOS:000284681700001 ER PT J AU Parks, CG Biagini, RE Cooper, GS Gilkeson, GS Dooley, MA AF Parks, C. G. Biagini, R. E. Cooper, G. S. Gilkeson, G. S. Dooley, M. A. TI Total serum IgE levels in systemic lupus erythematosus and associations with childhood onset allergies SO LUPUS LA English DT Article DE allergy; atopy; autoantibodies; autoimmunity; hygiene hypothesis; immunoglobulins; nephritis; population-based; systemic lupus erythematosus ID IMMUNOGLOBULIN-E LEVELS; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; VITAMIN-D; AUTOIMMUNE-DISEASES; HYGIENE HYPOTHESIS; ATOPIC DISORDERS; RISK-FACTORS; EARLY-LIFE; POPULATION; ASTHMA AB Elevated serum IgE has been described in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but associations with disease risk and characteristics remain unresolved. We assessed total serum IgE levels and atopy (IgE > 100 IU/ml) in recently diagnosed SLE patients (n = 228) compared with population controls (n = 293) and in relation to disease activity, autoantibodies, clinical features, total immunoglobulins, C-reactive protein, and allergy history. Multivariate models estimated determinants of IgE and atopy in patients and controls, and associations of SLE with allergy and atopy. Total IgE levels were higher in patients than controls (median = 42 vs. 29 IU/ml); 32% of patients and 25% of controls were atopic (p = 0.06). IgE levels were significantly higher in non-Whites and patients reporting childhood onset (< 18 years) asthma and hives, and in controls reporting childhood asthma, hay fever, eczema, and adult onset hives. After accounting for racial differences, atopy was not associated with SLE, nephritis, or other clinical and laboratory parameters. In sum, our findings provide limited evidence of a direct association between total serum IgE and SLE overall or with other disease characteristics after adjusting for demographic characteristics and allergy history. Future studies may want to explore potentially shared risk factors for development of allergy, atopy, and SLE. Lupus (2010) 19, 1614-1622. C1 [Parks, C. G.] NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Durham, NC USA. [Biagini, R. E.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Cooper, G. S.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Gilkeson, G. S.] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Dooley, M. A.] Univ N Carolina, Div Rheumatol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Parks, CG (reprint author), NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, A3-05,POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27599 USA. EM Parks1@mail.nih.gov OI Parks, Christine/0000-0002-5734-3456 FU NIH; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; NIOSH [Y1-ES-0001-Clinical Immunotoxicity]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [Y1-ES-0001-Clinical Immunotoxicity] FX This work was supported in part by the intramural research program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, and by an interagency agreement between NIOSH and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) (grant number Y1-ES-0001-Clinical Immunotoxicity). NR 48 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0961-2033 J9 LUPUS JI Lupus PD DEC PY 2010 VL 19 IS 14 BP 1614 EP 1622 DI 10.1177/0961203310379870 PG 9 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 685IA UT WOS:000284621200005 PM 20937624 ER PT J AU Bailey, KA Hester, SD Knapp, GW Owen, RD Thai, SF AF Bailey, Kathryn A. Hester, Susan D. Knapp, Geremy W. Owen, Russell D. Thai, Sheau-Fung TI Gene Expression of Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes Modulated by Trivalent Arsenicals SO MOLECULAR CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE carcinogenesis; arsenic; gene expression; keratinocytes ID RAT-LIVER CYTOSOL; OXIDATIVE DNA-DAMAGE; MALE F344 RATS; DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID; ANIMAL-MODEL; MOLECULAR-MECHANISMS; GROWTH-FACTORS; IN-VITRO; METHYLATED ARSENICALS; CHRONIC STIMULATION AB Chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) is associated with the development of benign and malignant human skin lesions including nonmelanoma skin cancers. The precise arsenical form(s) responsible for this carcinogenic effect are unknown, although trivalent inorganic arsenic (iAs(III)) and two of its toxic metabolites, monomethylarsonous acid (MMA(III)) and methylarsinous acid (DMA(III)), are attractive candidates. In an effort to better understand and compare their toxic effects in the skin, we compared the global gene expression profiles of normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) exposed to varying noncytotoxic/slightly cytotoxic concentrations of iAs(III), MMA(III), and DMA(III) for 24h. Exposure to each arsenical treatment group exhibited a dose effect in the number of altered genes and the magnitude of expression change in NHEKs. The most significant gene expression changes associated with iAs(III) and MMA(III) exposure were consistent with several key events believed to be important to As-driven skin carcinogenesis, namely induction of oxidative stress, increased transcript levels of keratinocyte growth factors, and modulation of MAPK and NF-kappa B pathways. At both comparable arsenical concentrations and comparable NHEK toxicity, greater potential carcinogenic effects were observed in MMA(III)-exposed NHEKs than those exposed to iAs(III), including involvement of more proinflammatory signals and increased transcript levels of more growth factor genes. In contrast, none of these above-mentioned transcriptional trends were among the most significantly altered functions in the DMA(III) treatment group. This study suggests the relative capacity of each of the tested arsenicals to drive suspected key events in As-mediated skin carcinogenesis is MMA(III) > iAs(III) with little contribution from DMA(III). (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Bailey, Kathryn A.; Hester, Susan D.; Knapp, Geremy W.; Owen, Russell D.; Thai, Sheau-Fung] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Thai, SF (reprint author), 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 92 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0899-1987 J9 MOL CARCINOGEN JI Mol. Carcinog. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 49 IS 12 BP 981 EP 998 DI 10.1002/mc.20677 PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology GA 687OZ UT WOS:000284789100001 PM 20886546 ER PT J AU Whitehead, A Triant, DA Champlin, D Nacci, D AF Whitehead, A. Triant, D. A. Champlin, D. Nacci, D. TI Comparative transcriptomics implicates mechanisms of evolved pollution tolerance in a killifish population SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adaptation; comparative biology; ecotoxicology; natural selection and contemporary evolution; transcriptomics ID ARYL-HYDROCARBON RECEPTOR; FISH FUNDULUS-HETEROCLITUS; GENE-EXPRESSION PROFILES; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; ATLANTIC KILLIFISH; NITRIC-OXIDE; AH RECEPTOR; 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN TOXICITY AB Wild populations of the killifish Fundulus heteroclitus resident in heavily contaminated North American Atlantic coast estuaries have recently and independently evolved dramatic, heritable, and adaptive pollution tolerance. We compared physiological and transcriptome responses to embryonic polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposures between one tolerant population and a nearby sensitive population to gain insight into genomic, physiological and biochemical mechanisms of evolved tolerance in killifish, which are currently unknown. The PCB exposure concentrations at which developmental toxicity emerged, the range of developmental abnormalities exhibited, and global as well as specific gene expression patterns were profoundly different between populations. In the sensitive population, PCB exposures produced dramatic, dose-dependent toxic effects, concurrent with the alterations in the expression of many genes. For example, PCB-mediated cardiovascular system failure was associated with the altered expression of cardiomyocyte genes, consistent with sarcomere mis-assembly. In contrast, genome-wide expression was comparatively refractory to PCB induction in the tolerant population. Tolerance was associated with the global blockade of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signalling pathway, the key mediator of PCB toxicity, in contrast to the strong dose-dependent up-regulation of AHR pathway elements observed in the sensitive population. Altered regulation of signalling pathways that cross-talk with AHR was implicated as one candidate mechanism for the adaptive AHR signalling repression and the pollution tolerance that it affords. In addition to revealing mechanisms of PCB toxicity and tolerance, this study demonstrates the value of comparative transcriptomics to explore molecular mechanisms of stress response and evolved adaptive differences among wild populations. C1 [Whitehead, A.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Triant, D. A.] Univ Virginia, Dept Biochem & Mol Genet, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Champlin, D.; Nacci, D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Atlantic Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Whitehead, A (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 202 Life Sci Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM andreww@lsu.edu RI Whitehead, Andrew/G-2122-2012 FU National Science Foundation [BES-0652006]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Office of Research and Development; National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory; Atlantic Ecology Division FX We appreciate the helpful advice from reviewers of early drafts, including Dina Proestou (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency), John Battista (Louisiana State University) and Patrick Flight (Brown University). This is contribution number AED-10-041 of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, which partially supported this research. This manuscript has been reviewed and approved for publication by the U. S. EPA. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the U. S. EPA. Mention of trade names, products, or services does not convey and should not be interpreted as conveying, official U. S. EPA approval, endorsement, or recommendation. Funding for some of this project was provided by the National Science Foundation grant BES-0652006 to AW. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. NR 108 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 11 U2 65 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0962-1083 J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 19 IS 23 BP 5186 EP 5203 DI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04829.x PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 682UJ UT WOS:000284428200010 PM 20874759 ER PT J AU DeMarini, DM De Flora, S AF DeMarini, David M. De Flora, Silvio TI What's in a name? The argument for changing the name of IAEMS and its affiliated societies SO MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material DE IAEMS; Environmental mutagenesis; Genomics; Genetic toxicology; Toxicogenomics ID ENVIRONMENTAL GENOMICS AB We identify trends over the past decades in membership in societies affiliated with the International Association of Environmental Mutagen Societies (IAEMS), and we also highlight findings in a recent review by Claxton et al. [Environ Health Perspect, in press] regarding the numbers of papers published per year using genetic toxicology assays. These analyses reveal a decline or at best a static level of membership in IAEMS-affiliated societies, as well as a decline in the number of papers published per year using genetic toxicology assays with the exception of those using comet assays, which already have begun to plateau. In contrast, toxicogenomics and computational toxicology are becoming increasingly prominent relative to environmental mutagenesis research in most research institutes, reflecting the ascendancy of these areas of environmental toxicology. We conclude that changing the name of IAEMS and its affiliated societies to reflect these changes might enhance membership and publication by welcoming a broader range of scientists into these societies. Although various names are possible, we think that changing the name of these societies to "Environmental Genomics Society" may help to make our societies more attractive to a broader range of scientists, resulting in an increase in membership and an acceleration of the incorporation of genomic methods into environmental research. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [DeMarini, David M.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [De Flora, Silvio] Univ Genoa, Dept Hlth Sci, I-16126 Genoa, Italy. RP DeMarini, DM (reprint author), US EPA, B105-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM demarini.david@epa.gov NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1383-5742 J9 MUTAT RES-REV MUTAT JI Mutat. Res.-Rev. Mutat. Res. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 705 IS 3 BP 201 EP 204 DI 10.1016/j.mrrev.2010.09.001 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 701HF UT WOS:000285808300005 PM 20850562 ER PT J AU Dieleman, WIJ Luyssaert, S Rey, A De Angelis, P Barton, CVM Broadmeadow, MSJ Broadmeadow, SB Chigwerewe, KS Crookshanks, M Dufrene, E Jarvis, PG Kasurinen, A Kellomaki, S Le Dantec, V Liberloo, M Marek, M Medlyn, B Pokorny, R Scarascia-Mugnozza, G Temperton, VM Tingey, D Urban, O Ceulemans, R Janssens, IA AF Dieleman, W. I. J. Luyssaert, S. Rey, A. De Angelis, P. Barton, C. V. M. Broadmeadow, M. S. J. Broadmeadow, S. B. Chigwerewe, K. S. Crookshanks, M. Dufrene, E. Jarvis, P. G. Kasurinen, A. Kellomaki, S. Le Dantec, V. Liberloo, M. Marek, M. Medlyn, B. Pokorny, R. Scarascia-Mugnozza, G. Temperton, V. M. Tingey, D. Urban, O. Ceulemans, R. Janssens, I. A. TI Soil [N] modulates soil C cycling in CO2-fumigated tree stands: a meta-analysis SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE [CO2] enrichment; C sequestration; fine root production; microbial respiration; N fertilization; root biomass ID ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; CARBON STORAGE; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; PINUS-SYLVESTRIS; PLANT-RESPONSES; ORGANIC-MATTER; CLIMATE-CHANGE; TEMPERATE AB Under elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations, soil carbon (C) inputs are typically enhanced, suggesting larger soil C sequestration potential. However, soil C losses also increase and progressive nitrogen (N) limitation to plant growth may reduce the CO2 effect on soil C inputs with time. We compiled a data set from 131 manipulation experiments, and used meta-analysis to test the hypotheses that: (1) elevated atmospheric CO2 stimulates soil C inputs more than C losses, resulting in increasing soil C stocks; and (2) that these responses are modulated by N. Our results confirm that elevated CO2 induces a C allocation shift towards below-ground biomass compartments. However, the increased soil C inputs were offset by increased heterotrophic respiration (Rh), such that soil C content was not affected by elevated CO2. Soil N concentration strongly interacted with CO2 fumigation: the effect of elevated CO2 on fine root biomass and -production and on microbial activity increased with increasing soil N concentration, while the effect on soil C content decreased with increasing soil N concentration. These results suggest that both plant growth and microbial activity responses to elevated CO2 are modulated by N availability, and that it is essential to account for soil N concentration in C cycling analyses. C1 [Dieleman, W. I. J.; Luyssaert, S.; Liberloo, M.; Ceulemans, R.; Janssens, I. A.] Univ Antwerp, Dept Biol, Res Grp Plant & Vegetat Ecol, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. [Rey, A.] CSIC, Estn Expt Zonas Aridas, Almeria, Spain. [De Angelis, P.; Chigwerewe, K. S.; Scarascia-Mugnozza, G.] Univ Tuscia, Dept Forest Environm & Resources, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy. [Barton, C. V. M.] State Forests New S Wales, Forest Res & Dev Div, Beecroft, NSW 2119, Australia. [Broadmeadow, M. S. J.; Broadmeadow, S. B.] Forestry Commiss England, SE England Reg Off, Surrey GU10 4LF, England. [Crookshanks, M.] Aalborg Hosp, Dept Life Sci, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark. [Dufrene, E.] AgroParisTech, F-75231 Paris, France. [Dufrene, E.] CNRS, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Dufrene, E.] Univ Paris 11, Lab Ecol Syst, UMR 8079, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Jarvis, P. G.; Temperton, V. M.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch GeoSci, Edinburgh EH9 3JU, Midlothian, Scotland. [Kasurinen, A.] Univ Eastern Finland, Dept Environm Sci, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland. [Kellomaki, S.] Univ Joensuu, Fac Forestry, FIN-80101 Joensuu, Finland. [Le Dantec, V.] Ctr Etud Spatiales BIOsphere, F-31401 Toulouse 4, France. [Marek, M.; Pokorny, R.; Urban, O.] CzechGlobe, Ctr Global Climate Change Impact Studies, Brno 60300, Czech Republic. [Medlyn, B.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. [Temperton, V. M.] Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Inst Chem & Dynam Geosphere ICG 3, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Tingey, D.] US EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Luyssaert, S.] CEA CNRS UVSQ, LSCE IPSL, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Dieleman, WIJ (reprint author), Univ Antwerp, Dept Biol, Res Grp Plant & Vegetat Ecol, Univ Pl 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. EM wouter.dieleman@ua.ac.be RI Barton, Craig/B-7026-2008; Luyssaert, Sebastiaan/F-6684-2011; De Angelis, Paolo/A-6863-2012; Urban, Otmar/J-7432-2012; Duroux, Meg/D-1522-2009; Pokorny, Radek/D-8208-2014; Marek, Michal V./D-4383-2014; Ceulemans, Reinhart/F-2109-2016; Rey, Ana/F-5791-2016; Janssens, Ivan/P-1331-2014; OI De Angelis, Paolo/0000-0001-8310-8831; Pokorny, Radek/0000-0001-5121-6694; Rey, Ana/0000-0003-0394-101X; Janssens, Ivan/0000-0002-5705-1787; Medlyn, Belinda/0000-0001-5728-9827; Luyssaert, Sebastiaan/0000-0003-1121-1869 FU FWO; European Research Council (ERC); UA-Research Centre of Excellence ECO FX We thank L. E. Henry and K. Pregitzer for providing data, as well as C. Korner for useful information about their experimental sites. Special thanks go to the researchers of the ECOCRAFT [Framework programmes of the EC (EC contracts within 5FP and 6FP, Environment and Research)] and the EUROFACE projects, who provided the large number of data that formed the foundation for this paper. M. L. is a postdoctoral research associate of the Flemish Science Foundation FWO (Fonds Wetenschappelijk onderzoek, FWO Vlaanderen). I.J. holds an FWO research grant, and S. L. holds a European Research Council (ERC) grant. Part of this research has been funded through the UA-Research Centre of Excellence ECO. NR 63 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 54 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0140-7791 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 33 IS 12 BP 2001 EP 2011 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2010.02201.x PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 679MW UT WOS:000284166500001 PM 20573048 ER PT J AU Stark, JL Mercier, KA Mueller, GA Acton, TB Xiao, R Montelione, GT Powers, R AF Stark, Jaime L. Mercier, Kelly A. Mueller, Geoffrey A. Acton, Thomas B. Xiao, Rong Montelione, Gaetano T. Powers, Robert TI Solution structure and function of YndB, an AHSA1 protein from Bacillus subtilis SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE NMR structure; YndB Bacillus subtilis; NMR ligand affinity screen; in silico screen; chalcones; stress response; symbiotic relationship ID PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE TRANSFER PROTEIN; AROMATIC POLYKETIDES; AUTOMATED DOCKING; ATPASE ACTIVITY; BINDING DOMAIN; DRUG DISCOVERY; CHEMICAL-SHIFT; NMR STRUCTURE; CELL BIOLOGY; ACTIVE-SITE AB The solution structure of the Bacillus subtilis protein YndB has been solved using NMR to investigate proposed biological functions. The YndB structure exhibits the helix-grip fold, which consists of a beta-sheet with two small and one long alpha-helix, forming a hydrophobic cavity that preferentially binds lipid-like molecules. Sequence and structure comparisons with proteins from eukaryotes, prokaryotes, and archaea suggest that YndB is very similar to the eukaryote protein Aha1, which binds to the middle domain of Hsp90 and induces ATPase activity. On the basis of these similarities, YndB has been classified as a member of the activator of Hsp90 ATPase homolog 1-like protein (AHSA1) family with a function that appears to be related to stress response. An in silico screen of a compound library of similar to 18,500 lipids was used to identify classes of lipids that preferentially bind YndB. The in silico screen identified, in order of affinity, the chalcone/hydroxychalcone, flavanone, and flavone/flavonol classes of lipids, which was further verified by 2D H-1-N-15 HSQC NMR titration experiments with trans-chalcone, flavanone, flavone, and flavonol. All of these compounds are typically found in plants as precursors to various flavonoid antibiotics and signaling molecules. The sum of the data suggests an involvement of YndB with the stress response of B. subtilis to chalcone-like flavonoids released by plants due to a pathogen infection. The observed binding of chalcone-like molecules by YndB is likely related to the symbiotic relationship between B. subtilis and plants. C1 [Stark, Jaime L.; Mercier, Kelly A.; Powers, Robert] Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Mercier, Kelly A.; Mueller, Geoffrey A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, Durham, NC 27709 USA. [Acton, Thomas B.; Xiao, Rong; Montelione, Gaetano T.] Rutgers State Univ, NE Struct Genom Consortium, Ctr Adv Biotechnol & Med, Dept Mol Biol & Biochem, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Montelione, Gaetano T.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Powers, R (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem, 722 Hamilton Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM rpowers3@unl.edu OI Stark, Jaime/0000-0001-5456-4846 FU Protein Structure Initiative of the National Institutes of Health [U54 GM074958]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Nebraska [R21AI081154]; NIH [RR015468-01]; Battelle (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Biological and Environmental Research) [KP130103]; Tobacco Settlement Biomedical Research Development Fund; NIH; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX Grant sponsor: Protein Structure Initiative of the National Institutes of Health; Grant number: U54 GM074958; Grant sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Nebraska; Grant number: R21AI081154; Grant sponsor: NIH; Grant number: RR015468-01; Grant sponsor: Battelle (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Biological and Environmental Research); Grant number: KP130103; Grant sponsors: Tobacco Settlement Biomedical Research Development Fund, NIH (Intramural Research Program), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences NR 84 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD DEC PY 2010 VL 78 IS 16 BP 3328 EP 3340 DI 10.1002/prot.22840 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 678CK UT WOS:000284046400008 PM 20818668 ER PT J AU Kough, JL AF Kough, John L. TI Introduction: HESI Workshop on Evaluating Biological Variation in Non-Transgenic Crops SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US EPA, Biopesticides & Pollut Prevent Div, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Kough, JL (reprint author), US EPA, Biopesticides & Pollut Prevent Div, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM kough.john@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD DEC 1 PY 2010 VL 58 IS 3 SU 1 BP S1 EP S1 DI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2010.10.009 PG 1 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 693GZ UT WOS:000285213900001 PM 21081207 ER PT J AU Stanko, JP Enoch, RR Rayner, JL Davis, CC Wolf, DC Malarkey, DE Fenton, SE AF Stanko, Jason P. Enoch, Rolondo R. Rayner, Jennifer L. Davis, Christine C. Wolf, Douglas C. Malarkey, David E. Fenton, Suzanne E. TI Effects of prenatal exposure to a low dose atrazine metabolite mixture on pubertal timing and prostate development of male Long-Evans rats SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Atrazine; Puberty; Prostate; Inflammation; Development; Rat; Metabolites; Mixture ID MAMMARY-GLAND DEVELOPMENT; FEMALE WISTAR RATS; THYROID-FUNCTION; GESTATIONAL EXPOSURE; OVARIAN-FUNCTION; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY; UNITED-STATES; IN-UTERO; PITUITARY; ANDROGEN AB The present study examines the postnatal reproductive development of male rats following prenatal exposure to an atrazine metabolite mixture (AMM) consisting of the herbicide atrazine and its environmental metabolites diaminochlorotriazine hydroxyatrazine deethylatrazine and deisopropylatrazine Pregnant Long-Evans rats were treated by gavage with 0 09 0 87 or 8 73 mg AMM/kg body weight (BW) vehicle or 100 mg ATR/kg BW positive control on gestation days 15-19 Preputial separation was significantly delayed in 0 87 mg and 8 73 mg AMM-exposed males AMM-exposed males demonstrated a significant treatment-related increase in incidence and severity of inflammation in the prostate on postnatal day (PND) 120 A dose-dependent increase in epididymal fat masses and prostate foci were grossly visible in AMM-exposed offspring These results indicate that a short late prenatal exposure to mixture of chlorotriazine metabolites can cause chronic prostatitis in male LE rats The mode of action for these effects is presently unclear Published by Elsevier Inc C1 [Stanko, Jason P.; Fenton, Suzanne E.] US EPA, Reprod Toxicol Div, ORD NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Davis, Christine C.] US EPA, Hlth & Environm Impacts Div, OAR OAQPS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Wolf, Douglas C.] US EPA, ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Enoch, Rolondo R.] N Carolina Cent Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27707 USA. [Rayner, Jennifer L.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Fenton, Suzanne E.] NIEHS, NIH, NTP, CMPB, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Fenton, SE (reprint author), NIEHS, NIH, NTP, CMPB, 111 TW Alexander Dr,MD E1 08, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. FU U S EPA/NCCU [CT829460]; North Carolina Central University Durham [NC 27707]; U S EPA NHEERL-DESE [CT826513]; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill [NC 27599]; U S Environmental Protection Agency; Division of Intramural Research of the NIH National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX Financial support for Rolondo Enoch by U S EPA/NCCU Cooperative Research Training Grant No CT829460 North Carolina Central University Durham NC 27707 and for Jennifer Rayner by U S EPA NHEERL-DESE Cooperative Training Agreement No CT826513 University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC 27599 The U S Environmental Protection Agency and the Division of Intramural Research of the NIH National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences have funded the studies in this document The contents do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency or the Institute nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use Portions of these data were presented at the Society for the Study of Reproduction meeting in San Antonio TX July 2007 NR 46 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 30 IS 4 BP 540 EP 549 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2010.07.006 PG 10 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA 690VI UT WOS:000285036300005 PM 20727709 ER PT J AU Dutta, TK Chakraborty, J Roy, M Ghosal, D Khara, P Gunsalus, IC AF Dutta, Tapan K. Chakraborty, Joydeep Roy, Madhumita Ghosal, Debajyoti Khara, Pratick Gunsalus, Irwin C. TI Cloning and characterization of a p-cymene monooxygenase from Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp aureofaciens SO RESEARCH IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE p-Cymene; Methyl hydroxylase; Monooxygenase; Non-heme di-iron enzyme; Pseudomonas ID ALKANE OMEGA-HYDROXYLASE; UPPER-PATHWAY OPERON; METHANE MONOOXYGENASE; XYLENE MONOOXYGENASE; STRAIN; ENZYME; EXPRESSION; GENES; IDENTIFICATION; DEGRADATION AB p-Cymene monooxygenase is the enzyme system that catalyzes the hydroxylation of p-cymene to 4-isopropylbenzyl alcohol (p-cumic alcohol), the initial step in the assimilation of p-cymene by Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aureofaciens. Cloning and sequencing of single NADH-dependent cytochrome c reductase gene (cymA) present in P chlororaphis subsp. aureofaciens was described earlier. In this study, analysis of the upstream sequence of cymA revealed two open reading frames, designated as cymB (495 bp) and cymM (1128 bp). Database searches with the cymM gene product showed similarity to integral-membrane di-iron enzymes, while that with cymB showed no significant similarity to other known proteins with the exception of epoxystyrene isomerases. Expression of all three components (cymMBA) in Escherichia coli confirmed its ability for p-cymene methyl group hydroxylation, while expression of cymM and cymA along with the partially truncated cymB gene showed an 85% decrease in the hydroxylation capacity. Our results suggest for the first time that the small protein, CymB, having no conserved domains in protein databases, is involved as enhancer/activator in p-cymene hydroxylation. (C) 2010 Institut Pasteur. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Dutta, Tapan K.; Chakraborty, Joydeep; Roy, Madhumita; Ghosal, Debajyoti; Khara, Pratick] Bose Inst, Dept Microbiol, Kolkata 700054, India. [Dutta, Tapan K.; Gunsalus, Irwin C.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, NHEERL, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Dutta, TK (reprint author), Bose Inst, Dept Microbiol, P-1-12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata 700054, India. EM tapan@bic.boseinst.ernet.in FU National Research Council, USA; Bose Institute, Kolkata, India FX This manuscript is dedicated to the memory of I. C. Gunsalus (Gunny). The authors wish to express appreciation to Professor K. P. Das and Dr. Geoffrey Mattison for reviewing the manuscript. This work was supported in part by a National Research Council Research Associate Award, USA (T.K.D.) and Bose Institute, Kolkata, India. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0923-2508 EI 1769-7123 J9 RES MICROBIOL JI Res. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 161 IS 10 BP 876 EP 882 DI 10.1016/j.resmic.2010.10.008 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 705RY UT WOS:000286156800011 PM 21035544 ER PT J AU Hubbell, BJ Crume, RV Evarts, DM Cohen, JM AF Hubbell, Bryan J. Crume, Richard V. Evarts, Dale M. Cohen, Jeff M. TI Policy Monitor SO REVIEW OF ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS AND POLICY LA English DT Article DE Q52; Q53; Q58 AB The management of air quality in the United States has evolved into a sophisticated array of rules, strategies, and initiatives since the landmark Clean Air Act (CAA) legislation of 1970 and the subsequent creation of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). In particular, the CAA Amendments of 1990 introduced several new programs that have substantially reshaped the nation's approach to air pollution control. This article describes the 1990 CAA Amendments, regulations issued by EPA following their passage, progress made in air quality management in the nearly twenty years since their enactment, and the likely future direction of U.S. air quality management programs at the federal level. C1 [Hubbell, Bryan J.; Crume, Richard V.; Evarts, Dale M.] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Cohen, Jeff M.] US EPA, Off Atmospher Programs, Washington, DC 20004 USA. RP Hubbell, BJ (reprint author), US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hubbell.bryan@epa.gov; crume.rick@epa.gov; evarts.dale@epa.gov; jeffcohen6@gmail.com NR 20 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1750-6816 J9 REV ENV ECON POLICY JI Rev. Env. Econ. Policy PD WIN PY 2010 VL 4 IS 1 BP 122 EP 138 DI 10.1093/reep/rep019 PG 17 WC Economics; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 549XY UT WOS:000274089000008 ER PT J AU Kissinger, L Lorenzana, R Mittl, B Lasrado, M Iwenofu, S Olivo, V Helba, C Capoeman, P Williams, AH AF Kissinger, Lon Lorenzana, Roseanne Mittl, Beth Lasrado, Merwyn Iwenofu, Samuel Olivo, Vanessa Helba, Cynthia Capoeman, Pauline Williams, Ann H. TI Development of a Computer-Assisted Personal Interview Software System for Collection of Tribal Fish Consumption Data SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Fish consumption; software; survey; tribal ID FOOD-FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; NATIVE-AMERICAN POPULATION; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT; PCB CONCENTRATIONS; DIETARY EXPOSURE; ALASKA NATIVES; 24-HOUR RECALL; UNITED-STATES; RISK AB The authors developed a computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) seafood consumption survey tool from existing Pacific NW Native American seafood consumption survey methodology. The software runs on readily available hardware and software, and is easily configured for different cultures and seafood resources. The CAPI is used with a booklet of harvest location maps and species and portion size images. The use of a CAPI facilitates tribal administration of seafood consumption surveys, allowing cost-effective collection of scientifically defensible data and tribal management of data and data interpretation. Use of tribal interviewers reduces potential bias and discomfort that may be associated with nontribal interviewers. The CAPI contains a 24-hour recall and food frequency questionnaire, and assesses seasonal seafood consumption and temporal changes in consumption. EPA's methodology for developing ambient water quality criteria for tribes assigns a high priority to local data. The CAPI will satisfy this guidance objective. Survey results will support development of tribal water quality standards on their lands and assessment of seafood consumption-related contaminant risks and nutritional benefits. CAPI advantages over paper surveys include complex question branching without raising respondent burden, more complete interviews due to answer error and range checking, data transcription error elimination, printing and mailing cost elimination, and improved data storage. The survey instrument was pilot tested among the Quinault Nation in 2006. C1 [Williams, Ann H.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Kissinger, Lon; Lorenzana, Roseanne] US EPA, Seattle, WA USA. [Mittl, Beth; Lasrado, Merwyn; Olivo, Vanessa; Helba, Cynthia] WESTAT Corp, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Iwenofu, Samuel; Capoeman, Pauline] Quinault Indian Nation, Taholah, WA USA. RP Williams, AH (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM williams.annh@epa.gov FU US EPA; EPA's Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Public Health Division, Epidemiology Branch FX The EPA Environmental Public Health Division would like to thank its contractor, Westat (Rockville, MD), for its role in developing a CAPI for the collection of tribal fish consumption data. We would like to acknowledge the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Office of Science Policy's Regional Applied Research Effort program for leading the effort to develop this software. We would like to acknowledge EPA's Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Public Health Division, Epidemiology Branch for its support of the project. We also would like to remember Dr. Rebecca Calderon for her support and encouragement in undertaking this project. Finally, we would like to thank the Quinault Indian Nation located in Washington State for its generous and enthusiastic participation in the pilot study.; The information in this document has been funded by the US EPA. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the agency. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 30 IS 12 BP 1833 EP 1841 DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2010.01461.x PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 688RG UT WOS:000284869100009 PM 20626689 ER PT J AU Lautier, A Rosenbaum, RK Margni, M Bare, J Roy, PO Deschenes, L AF Lautier, Anne Rosenbaum, Ralph K. Margni, Manuele Bare, Jane Roy, Pierre-Olivier Deschenes, Louise TI Development of normalization factors for Canada and the United States and comparison with European factors SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Normalization factors; Life cycle assessment; Geographical comparisons; Canada; United States; Uncertainty ID CYCLE IMPACT ASSESSMENT; HUMAN TOXICITY; ECOTOXICITY; FIGURES AB In Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) normalization calculates the magnitude of an impact (midpoint or endpoint) relative to the total effect of a given reference The goal of this work is to calculate normalization factors for Canada and the US and to compare them with existing European normalization factors The differences between geographical areas were highlighted by identifying and comparing the main contributors to a given impact category in Canada the US and Europe This comparison verified that the main contributors in Europe and in the US are also present in the Canadian inventory It also showed that normalized profiles are highly dependent on the selected reference due to differences in the industrial and economic activities To meet practitioners needs. Canadian normalization factors have been calculated using the characterization factors from LUCAS (Canadian) IMPACT 2002+ (European) and TRACI (US) respectively The main sources of uncertainty related to Canadian NFs are data gaps (pesticides metals) and aggregated data (metals VOC) but the uncertainty related to CFs generally remains unknown A final discussion is proposed based on the comparison of resource extraction and resource consumption and raises the question of the legitimacy of defining a country by its geographical borders (C) 2010 Elsevier BV All rights reserved C1 [Lautier, Anne; Margni, Manuele; Roy, Pierre-Olivier; Deschenes, Louise] Ecole Polytech, CIRAIG, Dept Chem Engn, Montreal, PQ H3C 3A7, Canada. [Rosenbaum, Ralph K.] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Engn Management, Sect Quantitat Sustainabil Assessment, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Bare, Jane] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Lautier, A (reprint author), Ecole Polytech, CIRAIG, Dept Chem Engn, 2900 Edouard Montpetit,POB 6079,Stn Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3A7, Canada. RI QSA, DTU/J-4787-2014; OI Rosenbaum, Ralph/0000-0002-7620-1568 FU Industrial partners of the International Chair in Life Cycle Assessment (a research unit of the CIRAIG) FX The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the industrial partners of the International Chair in Life Cycle Assessment (a research unit of the CIRAIG) NR 45 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD DEC 1 PY 2010 VL 409 IS 1 BP 33 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.09.016 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 691HM UT WOS:000285070900004 PM 20937518 ER PT J AU Boorman, GA Wolf, DC Francke-Carroll, S Maronpot, RR AF Boorman, Gary A. Wolf, Douglas C. Francke-Carroll, Sabine Maronpot, Robert R. TI Pathology Peer Review SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE toxicologic pathology; safety assessment; quality assurance C1 [Boorman, Gary A.] Covance Inc, Vienna, VA USA. [Wolf, Douglas C.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Francke-Carroll, Sabine] US FDA, College Pk, MD USA. [Maronpot, Robert R.] Maronpot Consulting LLC, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Boorman, GA (reprint author), Covance Inc, Vienna, VA USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0192-6233 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 38 IS 7 BP 1009 EP 1010 DI 10.1177/0192623310385361 PG 2 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA 800QM UT WOS:000293378600001 PM 21248323 ER PT J AU Chan, PC Ramot, Y Malarkey, DE Blackshear, P Kissling, GE Travlos, G Nyska, A AF Chan, Po C. Ramot, Yuval Malarkey, David E. Blackshear, Pamela Kissling, Grace E. Travlos, Greg Nyska, Abraham TI Fourteen-Week Toxicity Study of Green Tea Extract in Rats and Mice SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE green tea; toxicity; liver; nasal cavity ID EPIGALLOCATECHIN GALLATE EGCG; ZERO DOSE CONTROL; INDUCED ASTHMA; WISTAR RATS; METABOLIZING-ENZYMES; CAMELLIA-SINENSIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; NASAL CAVITY; POLYPHENON-E; IN-VIVO AB The toxicity of green tea extract (GTE) was evaluated in 14-week gavage studies in male and female F344/NTac rats and B6C3F1 mice at doses up to 1,000 mg/kg. In the rats, no treatment-related mortality was noted. In the mice, treatment-related mortality occurred in male and female mice in the 1,000 mg/kg dose groups. The cause of early deaths was likely related to liver necrosis. Treatment-related histopathological changes were seen in both species in the liver, nose, mesenteric lymph nodes, and thymus. In addition, in mice, changes were seen in the Peyer's patches, spleen, and mandibular lymph nodes. The no adverse effect level (NOAEL) for the liver in both species was 500 mg/kg. In the nose of rats, the NOAEL in males was 62.5 mg/kg, and in females no NOAEL was found. No NOAEL was found in the nose of female or male mice. The changes in the liver and nose were considered primary toxic effects of GTE, while the changes in other organs were considered to be secondary effects. The nose and liver are organs with high metabolic enzyme activity. The increased susceptibility of the nose and liver suggests a role for GTE metabolites in toxicity induction. C1 [Nyska, Abraham] Toxicol Pathol, Timrat, Israel. [Nyska, Abraham] Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Sch Med, IL-36576 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Chan, Po C.; Malarkey, David E.; Kissling, Grace E.; Travlos, Greg] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Ramot, Yuval] Hadassah Hebrew Univ Med Ctr, IL-91200 Jerusalem, Israel. [Blackshear, Pamela] Integrated Lab Syst ILS Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Nyska, A (reprint author), DVM, Toxicol Pathologist, Haharuv 18,POB 184, IL-36576 Timrat, Israel. EM anyska@bezeqint.net FU NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and Pathology [N01-ES-55548 (HHSN291200555548C)] FX This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and Pathology Support for the NIEHS, Contract # N01-ES-55548 (HHSN291200555548C). NR 83 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0192-6233 EI 1533-1601 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 38 IS 7 BP 1070 EP 1084 DI 10.1177/0192623310382437 PG 15 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA 800QM UT WOS:000293378600008 PM 20884815 ER PT J AU Wang, T Jacobson-Kram, D Pilaro, AM Lapadula, D Jacobs, A Brown, P Lipscomb, J McGuinn, WD AF Wang, Tao Jacobson-Kram, David Pilaro, Anne M. Lapadula, Daniel Jacobs, Abigail Brown, Paul Lipscomb, John McGuinn, William David TI ICH Guidelines: Inception, Revision, and Implications for Drug Development SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Editorial Material ID TOXICITY; ASSAY; TRANSFORMATION; CARCINOGENS C1 [Wang, Tao] Nova Pharmaceut Corp, Preclin Safety, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Jacobson-Kram, David; Pilaro, Anne M.; Jacobs, Abigail; Brown, Paul; McGuinn, William David] US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA. [Lapadula, Daniel] Novartis Pharmaceut, Preclin Safety, E Hanover, NJ 07936 USA. [Lipscomb, John] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Wang, T (reprint author), Nova Pharmaceut Corp, Preclin Safety, 4560 Horton St,M-S 4-6, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. EM tao.wang@novartis.com NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 118 IS 2 BP 356 EP 367 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfq286 PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 682WB UT WOS:000284432600004 PM 20861066 ER PT J AU Duncan, KE Ghio, AJ Dailey, LA Bern, AM Gibbs-Flournoy, EA Padilla-Carlin, DJ Roggli, VL Devlin, RB AF Duncan, Kelly E. Ghio, Andrew J. Dailey, Lisa A. Bern, Amy M. Gibbs-Flournoy, Eugene A. Padilla-Carlin, Danielle J. Roggli, Victor L. Devlin, Robert B. TI Effect of Size Fractionation on the Toxicity of Amosite and Libby Amphibole Asbestos SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Libby amphibole; amosite; size fractionation; inflammation; oxidative stress; airway epithelium ID AIRWAY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; INDUCED PULMONARY-FIBROSIS; PARTICULATE MATTER; DEPOSITION PATTERN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; UTAH VALLEY; CROCIDOLITE ASBESTOS; NALP3 INFLAMMASOME; ALVEOLAR LEVEL; MONTANA AB Abnormally high incidences of asbestos-related pulmonary disease have been reported in residents of Libby, Montana, because of occupational and environmental exposure to asbestos-contaminated vermiculite. The mechanism by which Libby amphibole (LA) causes pulmonary injury is not known. The purpose of this study is to compare the cellular stress responses induced in primary human airway epithelial cells (HAECs) exposed to a respirable size fraction (< 2.5 mu m) of Libby amphibole (LA(2.5)) to a similar size fraction of a reference amphibole sample amosite (AM(2.5)). HAEC were exposed to 0, 2.64, 13.2, or 26.4 mu g/cm(2) AM(2.5) or LA(2.5) or to equivalent doses of unfractionated amosite (AM) or LA for 2 or 24 h. Comparable messenger RNA transcript levels were observed for interleukin-8, cyclooxygenase-2, and heme oxygenase-1 in HAEC following a 24-h exposure to AM or LA. Conversely, exposure to AM(2.5) resulted in a 4- to 10-fold greater induction in these proinflammatory mediators compared with LA(2.5) after 24 h. Evaluation of the expression of 84 additional genes involved in cellular stress and toxicity responses confirmed a more robust response for AM(2.5) compared with LA(2.5) on an equal mass basis. Differences in total surface area (TSA) by gas adsorption, total particle number, or oxidant generation by the size-fractionated particles did not account for the observed difference in response. In summary, AM(2.5) and LA(2.5) are at least as potent in stimulating production of proinflammatory cytokines as unfractionated AM and LA. Interestingly, AM(2.5) was more potent at inducing a proinflammatory response than LA(2.5). This difference could not be explained by differences in mineral contamination between the two samples, TSA, or oxidant generation by the samples. C1 [Duncan, Kelly E.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, US EPA, Human Studies Facil, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Ghio, Andrew J.; Dailey, Lisa A.; Devlin, Robert B.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bern, Amy M.] US EPA, Natl Enforcement Invest Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Gibbs-Flournoy, Eugene A.; Padilla-Carlin, Danielle J.] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Roggli, Victor L.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RP Duncan, KE (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, US EPA, Human Studies Facil, 104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM keduncan@email.unc.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) [CR83346301]; U.S. EPA Region 8, Denver; U.S. EPA Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response and Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation FX U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) cooperative agreement (CR83346301); U.S. EPA Region 8, Denver, Libby Funds; U.S. EPA Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response and Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation. NR 62 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 118 IS 2 BP 420 EP 434 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfq281 PG 15 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 682WB UT WOS:000284432600010 PM 20855422 ER PT J AU Jain, P Townsend, TG Tolaymat, TM AF Jain, Pradeep Townsend, Timothy G. Tolaymat, Thabet M. TI Steady-state design of horizontal systems for liquids addition at bioreactor landfills SO WASTE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID MUNICIPAL SOLID-WASTE; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; LEACHATE RECIRCULATION; REFUSE AB The key parameters for designing a horizontal source (horizontal trenches, infiltration ponds, infiltration galleries or blankets) for steady state are the rate liquids can be added to the source, the lateral and vertical extents of the zone of impact of the source, and the liquids volume needed to wet the waste within the zone of impact at steady state. This paper presents charts that a designer can use to estimate these key parameters as functions of source dimensions, injection pressure, and municipal solid waste properties (porosity, hydraulic conductivity, and anisotropy) for designing a new or analyzing an existing horizontal source system for liquids addition to landfilled waste. SEEP/W was used to model liquids flow from a horizontal source in a range of conditions practically encountered for such systems. The governing equation (Richard's equation) and the boundary conditions were analyzed to formulate dimensionless variables by normalizing the design parameters (flow rate, injection pressure, the lateral zone of impact, injection pressure, and the added liquids volume) with the waste properties and source dimensions. The simulation results were transformed to the respective dimensionless forms and presented in design charts to estimate the key design parameters as functions of the source dimensions, waste properties, and injection pressure. The presentation of the modeling results in the dimensionless form facilitates their use beyond the conditions modeled. A solved example is presented to demonstrate the use of the design charts. The approach presented in the paper should be considered as approximate and designers should use their judgement and experience when using these charts for designing a horizontal liquids addition system for a specific site. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Townsend, Timothy G.] Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Jain, Pradeep] Innovat Waste Consulting Serv LLC, Gainesville, FL 32605 USA. [Tolaymat, Thabet M.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Townsend, TG (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, POB 116450, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM pjain@iwcs.biz; ttown@ufl.edu; tolaymat.thabet@epa.gov RI Townsend, Timothy/D-1981-2009 OI Townsend, Timothy/0000-0002-1222-0954 NR 28 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0956-053X J9 WASTE MANAGE JI Waste Manage. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 30 IS 12 BP 2560 EP 2569 DI 10.1016/j.wasman.2010.06.024 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 676KF UT WOS:000283909100019 PM 20729051 ER PT J AU Gentil, EC Damgaard, A Hauschild, M Finnveden, G Eriksson, O Thorneloe, S Kaplan, PO Barlaz, M Muller, O Matsui, Y Ii, R Christensen, TH AF Gentil, Emmanuel C. Damgaard, Anders Hauschild, Michael Finnveden, Goran Eriksson, Ola Thorneloe, Susan Kaplan, Pervin Ozge Barlaz, Morton Muller, Olivier Matsui, Yasuhiro Ii, Ryota Christensen, Thomas H. TI Models for waste life cycle assessment: Review of technical assumptions SO WASTE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review ID DECISION-SUPPORT TOOL; POLLUTION-CONTROL RESIDUES; SOLID-WASTE; ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT; MANAGEMENT-SYSTEMS; ORGANIC WASTE; PART 1; INCINERATION; LCA; TECHNOLOGIES AB A number of waste life cycle assessment (LCA) models have been gradually developed since the early 1990s, in a number of countries, usually independently from each other. Large discrepancies in results have been observed among different waste LCA models, although it has also been shown that results from different LCA studies can be consistent. This paper is an attempt to identify, review and analyse methodologies and technical assumptions used in various parts of selected waste LCA models. Several criteria were identified, which could have significant impacts on the results, such as the functional unit, system boundaries, waste composition and energy modelling. The modelling assumptions of waste management processes, ranging from collection, transportation, intermediate facilities, recycling, thermal treatment, biological treatment, and landfilling, are obviously critical when comparing waste LCA models. This review infers that some of the differences in waste LCA models are inherent to the time they were developed. It is expected that models developed later, benefit from past modelling assumptions and knowledge and issues. Models developed in different countries furthermore rely on geographic specificities that have an impact on the results of waste LCA models. The review concludes that more effort should be employed to harmonise and validate non-geographic assumptions to strengthen waste LCA modelling. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gentil, Emmanuel C.; Damgaard, Anders; Christensen, Thomas H.] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Environm Engn, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Hauschild, Michael] Tech Univ Denmark, DTU Management Innovat & Sustainabil Grp, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Finnveden, Goran] Royal Inst Technol KTH, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. [Eriksson, Ola] Univ Gavle, Dept Technol & Built Environm, S-80176 Gavle, Sweden. [Thorneloe, Susan; Kaplan, Pervin Ozge] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Barlaz, Morton] NC State Univ, Dept Civil Construct & Environm Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Muller, Olivier] PricewaterhouseCoopers, F-92208 Neuilly Sur Seine, France. [Matsui, Yasuhiro] Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Environm Sci, Okayama 7008530, Japan. [Ii, Ryota] Pacific Consultants Co Ltd, Tama, Tokyo, Japan. RP Christensen, TH (reprint author), Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Environm Engn, Bldg 115, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. EM thc@env.dtu.dk RI Hauschild, Michael/G-4335-2011; Eriksson, Ola/J-1472-2012; QSA, DTU/J-4787-2014; Hauschild, Michael /L-6059-2015; Damgaard, Anders/H-9234-2012 OI Eriksson, Ola/0000-0002-5661-2917; Hauschild, Michael /0000-0002-8331-7390; Damgaard, Anders/0000-0002-0452-1220 NR 67 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 3 U2 71 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0956-053X J9 WASTE MANAGE JI Waste Manage. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 30 IS 12 BP 2636 EP 2648 DI 10.1016/j.wasman.2010.06.004 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 676KF UT WOS:000283909100028 PM 20599370 ER PT J AU Boczek, LA Johnson, CH Meckes, MC AF Boczek, Laura A. Johnson, Clifford H. Meckes, Mark C. TI Chlorine Disinfection of Blended Municipal Wastewater Effluents SO WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE blending wastewater; chlorine disinfection blending effluents ID MONOCHLORAMINE; INACTIVATION AB Blending is used in the wastewater industry to manage wet-weather events. Wastewater is treated through primary clarification, with flows in excess of the hydraulic capacity of the secondary system being directed to effluent disinfection. Before disinfection, the primary clarified effluent is "blended'' with effluents that have been treated through the secondary system. The combined or "blended'' effluents are then disinfected before being discharged to receiving waters. This study evaluated the effectiveness of chlorine to disinfect blended effluents. Experiments were conducted at bench-scale on primary and secondary effluents and three ratios of primary to secondary effluent (1:9, 3:7, and 5:5) from three publicly owned treatment works. Results from this study found that blending 10% or more primary effluent with secondary reduces the efficacy of chlorine disinfection, and coliphage survived chlorine disinfection better than bacterial indicator organisms. A simple empirical model for predicting indicator organism densities following chlorine disinfection was developed using data from this research. Water Environ. Res., 82, 2373 (2010). C1 [Boczek, Laura A.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Boczek, LA (reprint author), US EPA, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS 387, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM boczek.laura@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Washington, D.C.), through its Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Washington, D.C.), through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed, or partially funded and collaborated in, the research described herein. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency; therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION PI ALEXANDRIA PA 601 WYTHE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1994 USA SN 1061-4303 J9 WATER ENVIRON RES JI Water Environ. Res. PD DEC PY 2010 VL 82 IS 12 BP 2373 EP 2379 DI 10.2175/106143010X12681059117175 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 687LY UT WOS:000284781200009 PM 21214031 ER PT J AU Sifneos, JC Herlihy, AT Jacobs, AD Kentula, ME AF Sifneos, Jean C. Herlihy, Alan T. Jacobs, Amy D. Kentula, Mary E. TI Calibration of the Delaware Rapid Assessment Protocol to a Comprehensive Measure of Wetland Condition SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Double sampling; Inland Bays; Monitoring; Multiple regression; Nanticoke ID WATERSHED SCALE; COMMON METRICS; USA; INTERCALIBRATION; EXPERIENCE; MACROINVERTEBRATES; MARYLAND; FORESTS; EXAMPLE; RIVERS AB The importance of monitoring and assessment to the management and protection of wetlands has become widely recognized. Wetland assessments are made at multiple intensity levels based on data quality, the application scale, available resources, and the level of effort involved in data collection. We used multiple regression to calibrate the output of a rapid assessment method to condition scores derived from a comprehensive assessment. Data collected at riverine, depression, and flat wetlands in the Nanticoke and Inland Bays watersheds of Delaware and Maryland were used to calibrate the Delaware Rapid Assessment Protocol to an Index of Wetland Condition (IWC) derived from hydrogeomorphic variables. The resulting calibrated rapid condition score was highly correlated with the intense IWC score in each wetland type (r = .88 for riverine, r = .82 for depressions and flats). The calibration methodology was also robust with respect to different statistical cutoff values and model selection methods. Our approach provides a quantitative alternative to using best professional judgment to determine rapid assessment scoring coefficients. Additionally, when rapid and comprehensive methods are correlated, double sampling, a statistical sampling method, can be used to increase the overall sample size resulting in either increased precision of condition estimates or lower sampling costs. C1 [Sifneos, Jean C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Stat, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Herlihy, Alan T.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Jacobs, Amy D.] Delaware Dept Nat Resources & Environm Control, Dover, DE 19904 USA. [Kentula, Mary E.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Sifneos, JC (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Stat, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM sifneos@science.oregonstate.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [RM-83143501]; National Center for Environmental Research [RD834252-01]; Oregon State University [CR-831682-01] FX This work was funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through grant agreement RM-83143501, grant RD834252-01 from the National Center for Environmental Research STAR Program, and cooperative agreement CR-831682-01 with Oregon State University. This paper was subjected to the EPA's peer and administrative review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We thank John Van Sickle for advice about model fitting and selection and Lisa Waigner for helpful review comments on a previous draft of the manuscript. We are particularly indebted to the people that assisted with data collection as part of the assessment of wetland condition in the Nanticoke and Inland Bays watersheds including Tim Adkins, Chris Bason, Lori Beasley, Sara Bettlejewski, Stephanie Blades, David Bliel, Eric Beuhl, Chantal Bouchard, EJ Chalabala, Griff Gilbert, Jim Green, Pat Groller, Jeff Lin, Jessica Lister, John Martin, Erin McLaughlin, Evan Rehm, Bill Reybold, Abby Rokosch, Tom Saladyga, Josh Thompson, Ted Weber, Christine Whitcraft, Mike Yarcusko, and Michael Yost. Finally, we thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for thoughtful comments that helped improve readability and focus of the manuscript. NR 39 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD DEC PY 2010 VL 30 IS 6 BP 1011 EP 1022 DI 10.1007/s13157-010-0093-z PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 691QH UT WOS:000285095400001 ER PT J AU Christensen, JR Crumpton, WG AF Christensen, Jay R. Crumpton, William G. TI Wetland Invertebrate Community Responses to Varying Emergent Litter in a Prairie Pothole Emergent Marsh SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Amphipods; Cattail hybrid; Detritus; Litter accumulation; Lemnids ID FRESH-WATER MARSH; AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES; COASTAL WETLAND; INSECT COMMUNITIES; FATHEAD MINNOWS; FISH PREDATION; LAKE-MICHIGAN; VEGETATION; MACROINVERTEBRATES; ABUNDANCE AB Plant litter produced in the interior of dense emergent stands may directly or indirectly influence invertebrate communities. Low litter may provide structure and refuge to invertebrates while high litter may displace vegetation and decrease oxygen concentration. Within an emergent stand, an edge-to-interior transect study and an interior litter treatment study were performed to investigate the impact of increasing litter densities on the invertebrate community. The interior had more litter, lemnid biomass, and hypoxia than the edge but did not differ in total invertebrate abundance. Low and moderate litter plots in the interior treatment study experienced higher lemnid biomass and greater total invertebrate abundance than the high litter plots, but the high litter plots were characterized by higher invertebrate diversity. There was a significant negative relationship between litter and invertebrate abundance in July and August. Invertebrate patterns were driven primarily by amphipod abundance and may be related to the use of lemnids as habitat. Hypoxic-tolerant and semi-aquatic taxa were associated with high litter, while several algal-feeding taxa were associated with the edge. High litter can reduce abundant invertebrates that support higher trophic levels and shift invertebrate communities. These findings underscore the importance of understanding long-term litter accumulation dynamics in wetland systems. C1 [Christensen, Jay R.; Crumpton, William G.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Christensen, JR (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Div Environm Sci, 944 E Harmon Ave, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. EM christensen.jay@epamail.epa.gov RI Williams, K/A-6361-2012 FU Graduate College; Environmental Science Program; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Interdisciplinary Program; Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology of Iowa State University; United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX We thank the many undergraduate students for their hard work and the owners of Anderson Lake for their support. We thank Philip Dixon, Greg Stenback, and Maliha Nash for statistical consultation, the Brian Wilsey lab for access to PCORD software and materials, and Arnold van der Valk, John Downing, Philip Dixon, Greg Courtney, Amy Christensen, Jana Stenback, Ann Pitchford, two anonymous reviewers, and editors for comments on previous drafts. Financial support was provided by the Graduate College, the Environmental Science Program, the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Interdisciplinary Program and the Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology of Iowa State University. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research of Jay Christensen, and the work has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 54 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD DEC PY 2010 VL 30 IS 6 BP 1031 EP 1043 DI 10.1007/s13157-010-0109-8 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 691QH UT WOS:000285095400003 ER PT J AU Elking, DM Perera, L Duke, R Darden, T Pedersen, LG AF Elking, Dennis M. Perera, Lalith Duke, Robert Darden, Thomas Pedersen, Lee G. TI Atomic Forces for Geometry-Dependent Point Multipole and Gaussian Multipole Models SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE multipole; Gaussian multipole; force; torque; Wigner function ID POLARIZABLE MOLECULAR-MECHANICS; INITIO QUANTUM-CHEMISTRY; DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; FLUCTUATING CHARGE; INTERMOLECULAR POTENTIALS; BIOMOLECULAR SIMULATIONS; INTERACTION ENERGIES; WATER; FIELD; DIPOLE AB In standard treatments of atomic multipole models, interaction energies, total molecular forces, and total molecular torques are given for multipolar interactions between rigid molecules. However, if the molecules are assumed to be flexible, two additional multipolar atomic forces arise because of (1) the transfer of torque between neighboring atoms and (2) the dependence of multipole moment on internal geometry (bond lengths, bond angles, etc.) for geometry-dependent multipole models. In this study, atomic force expressions for geometry-dependent multipoles are presented for use in simulations of flexible molecules. The atomic forces are derived by first proposing a new general expression for Wigner function derivatives partial derivative D(m'm)(l)/partial derivative Omega. The force equations can be applied to electrostatic models based on atomic point multipoles or Gaussian multipole charge density. Hydrogen-bonded dimers are used to test the intermolecular electrostatic energies and atomic forces calculated by geometry-dependent multipoles fit to the ab initio electrostatic potential. The electrostatic energies and forces are compared with their reference ab initio values. It is shown that both static and geometry-dependent multipole models are able to reproduce total molecular forces and torques with respect to ab initio, whereas geometry-dependent multipoles are needed to reproduce ab initio atomic forces. The expressions for atomic force can be used in simulations of flexible molecules with atomic multipoles. In addition, the results presented in this work should lead to further development of next generation force fields composed of geometry-dependent multipole models. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 31: 2702-2713, 2010 C1 [Elking, Dennis M.; Perera, Lalith; Duke, Robert; Pedersen, Lee G.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Darden, Thomas] OpenEye Sci Software, Santa Fe, NM 87508 USA. [Pedersen, Lee G.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Pedersen, LG (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM lee_pedersen@unc.edu RI perera, Lalith/B-6879-2012; Pedersen, Lee/E-3405-2013 OI perera, Lalith/0000-0003-0823-1631; Pedersen, Lee/0000-0003-1262-9861 FU NIH [HL06350]; NIEHS [Z01 ESO943010-23]; NSF [FRG DMR 0804549] FX Contract/grant sponsor: Intramural Research Program of the NIH and NIEHS; contract/grant number: Z01 ESO943010-23; Contract/grant sponsor: NIH; contract/grant number: HL06350; Contract/grant sponsor: NSF; contract/grant number: FRG DMR 0804549 NR 74 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0192-8651 J9 J COMPUT CHEM JI J. Comput. Chem. PD NOV 30 PY 2010 VL 31 IS 15 BP 2702 EP 2713 DI 10.1002/jcc.21563 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 656EV UT WOS:000282309900003 PM 20839297 ER PT J AU Taghavy, A Costanza, J Pennell, KD Abriola, LM AF Taghavy, Arnir Costanza, Jed Pennell, Kurt D. Abriola, Linda M. TI Effectiveness of nanoscale zero-valent iron for treatment of a PCE-DNAPL source zone SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE DNAPL; Tetrachloroethene; Source zone treatment; In situ remediation; Nanoparticles; Zero-valent iron ID REDUCTIVE DECHLORINATION; GROUNDWATER REMEDIATION; CHLORINATED ETHENES; MASS-TRANSFER; SAND COLUMNS; HUMIC-ACID; TETRACHLOROETHYLENE; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; TRANSPORT; NANOPARTICLES AB Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) has received considerable attention as a potential in situ remediation technology for treating chlorinated solvent source zones. Experimental and mathematical modeling studies were conducted to investigate the performance of nZVI in the transformation of tetrachloroethene (PCE) entrapped as a dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL). Injection of a 60 g/L suspension of nZVI into a column containing 20-30 mesh Ottawa sand and PCE-DNAPL at a residual saturation of 5.5% resulted in a uniform distribution of nZVI and minimal displacement of PCE. Subsequent flushing with 267 pore volumes of water containing 3 mM CaCl(2) at a Darcy velocity of 0.75 m/day resulted in steady-state effluent concentrations of PCE near the solubility limit (ca. 200 mg/L) and production of dissolved-phase ethene (10-30 mg/L). Over the duration of the experiment, approximately 30% of the initial PCE-DNAPL mass reacted to form ethene, 50% was eluted as dissolved-phase PCE, and 20% remained in the column as PCE-DNAPL To further explore the implications of the nZVI column results, a multiphase transport model was developed that incorporated rate-limited PCE-DNAPL dissolution and reactions with nZVI. Using a fitted pseudo first-order transformation rate coefficient of 1.42 1/h, the model accurately captured observed trends in effluent concentrations of PCE and ethene and overall mass balance. A model sensitivity study reveals a strong dependence of treatment effectiveness on system characteristics. The sensitivity analysis suggests that an increase in the extent of PCE transformation is facilitated by decreasing flow rate, emplacement of nZVI down-gradient of the DNAPL source zone, and decreasing length of the DNAPL source zone. These findings indicate that, although emplacement of high concentrations of nZVI within a PCE-DNAPL source zone can result in substantial transformation of the parent compound, careful attention to design parameters (e.g. flow rate, location and amount nZVI delivered) will be required to achieve complete conversion to benign reaction products. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Taghavy, Arnir; Pennell, Kurt D.; Abriola, Linda M.] Tufts Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Costanza, Jed] US EPA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Abriola, LM (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA. EM Linda.Abriola@tufts.edu RI Pennell, Kurt/F-6862-2010 OI Pennell, Kurt/0000-0002-5788-6397 FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program [ER-1487, W912HQ-06-C-0032] FX The authors wish to thank Dr. Natalie Capiro for assistance with the column experiment and Dr. Sushil Kanel for performing supporting column studies. This research was sponsored by Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program Project ER-1487 (contract W912HQ-06-C-0032). The content of this manuscript has not been subject to agency review and does not necessarily represent the view of the sponsoring agency. NR 42 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD NOV 25 PY 2010 VL 118 IS 3-4 SI SI BP 128 EP 142 DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2010.09.001 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 702LG UT WOS:000285895600005 PM 20888664 ER PT J AU Thomas, R de la Torre, L Chang, XQ Mehrotra, S AF Thomas, Reuben de la Torre, Luis Chang, Xiaoqing Mehrotra, Sanjay TI Validation and characterization of DNA microarray gene expression data distribution and associated moments SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID CELL-LINES; BLOOD; VARIABILITY; NETWORKS; CANCER; ARRAYS; ERROR; SEX; INHERITANCE; STATISTICS AB Background: The data from DNA microarrays are increasingly being used in order to understand effects of different conditions, exposures or diseases on the modulation of the expression of various genes in a biological system. This knowledge is then further used in order to generate molecular mechanistic hypotheses for an organism when it is exposed to different conditions. Several different methods have been proposed to analyze these data under different distributional assumptions on gene expression. However, the empirical validation of these assumptions is lacking. Results: Best fit hypotheses tests, moment-ratio diagrams and relationships between the different moments of the distribution of the gene expression was used to characterize the observed distributions. The data are obtained from the publicly available gene expression database, Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) to characterize the empirical distributions of gene expressions obtained under varying experimental situations each of which providing relatively large number of samples for hypothesis testing. All data were obtained from either of two microarray platforms - the commercial Affymetrix mouse 430.2 platform and a non-commercial Rosetta/Merck one. The data from each platform were preprocessed in the same manner. Conclusions: The null hypotheses for goodness of fit for all considered univariate theoretical probability distributions (including the Normal distribution) are rejected for more than 50% of probe sets on the Affymetrix microarray platform at a 95% confidence level, suggesting that under the tested conditions a priori assumption of any of these distributions across all probe sets is not valid. The pattern of null hypotheses rejection was different for the data from Rosetta/Merck platform with only around 20% of the probe sets failing the logistic distribution goodness-of-fit test. We find that there are statistically significant (at 95% confidence level based on the F-test for the fitted linear model) relationships between the mean and the logarithm of the coefficient of variation of the distributions of the logarithm of gene expressions. An additional novel statistically significant quadratic relationship between the skewness and kurtosis is identified. Data from both microarray platforms fail to identify with any one of the chosen theoretical probability distributions from an analysis of the l-moment ratio diagram. C1 [de la Torre, Luis; Mehrotra, Sanjay] Northwestern Univ, Dept Ind Engn & Management Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Thomas, Reuben; Chang, Xiaoqing] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Environm Syst Biol Grp, Mol Toxicol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Mehrotra, S (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Ind Engn & Management Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM mehrotra@iems.northwestern.edu RI Mehrotra, Sanjay/B-7477-2009 FU NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX This research was supported [in part] by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 69 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2105 J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS JI BMC Bioinformatics PD NOV 24 PY 2010 VL 11 AR 576 DI 10.1186/1471-2105-11-576 PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 695ON UT WOS:000285381800001 PM 21092329 ER PT J AU Jones-Lepp, TL Sanchez, CA Moy, T Kazemi, R AF Jones-Lepp, Tammy L. Sanchez, Charles A. Moy, Thomas Kazemi, Reza TI Method Development and Application To Determine Potential Plant Uptake of Antibiotics and Other Drugs in Irrigated Crop Production Systems SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Emerging contaminants; crop uptake; pressurized liquid extraction; liquid chromatography-electrospray Ion trap-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry; LC-MS/MS ID GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; WASTE-WATER; VETERINARY ANTIBIOTICS; ILLICIT DRUGS; RESISTANCE; SOIL; PHARMACEUTICALS; ENVIRONMENTS; MANURE AB Studies have shown the detection of emerging contaminants (ECs), of which pharmaceuticals are a subset, in surface waters across the United States. The objective of this study was to develop methods, and apply them, to evaluate the potential for food chain transfer when EC-containing waters are used for crop irrigation. Greenhouse experiments were performed in which select food crops were irrigated with water spiked with three antibiotics. Field experiments, at two different sites, were conducted. Select crops were irrigated with wastewater effluent known to contain ECs, EC-free well water, and Colorado River water containing trace-level ECs. The results of the greenhouse studies show the potential for uptake of one or more of the antibiotics evaluated, albeit at very low levels. In those food crops watered with wastewater effluent, only an industrial flavoring agent, N,N'-dimethylphenethylamine (DMPEA), was consistently found. None of the evaluated contaminants were found in crops irrigated with Colorado River water. C1 [Jones-Lepp, Tammy L.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab Environm Sci Div, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Sanchez, Charles A.] Univ Arizona, Yuma Agr Ctr, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Yuma, AZ 85364 USA. [Moy, Thomas] US EPA, Senior Environm Employee Program, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Kazemi, Reza] US EPA, Student Serv Contract, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. RP Jones-Lepp, TL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab Environm Sci Div, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. EM jones-lepp.tammy@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 29 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 5 U2 58 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD NOV 24 PY 2010 VL 58 IS 22 BP 11568 EP 11573 DI 10.1021/jf1028152 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 680AR UT WOS:000284203000007 PM 20964347 ER PT J AU Brook, RD Shin, HH Bard, RL Burnett, RT Vette, A Croghan, C Thornburg, J Rodes, C Williams, R AF Brook, Robert D. Shin, Hwashin H. Bard, Robert L. Burnett, Richard T. Vette, Alan Croghan, Carry Thornburg, Jonathan Rodes, Charles Williams, Ron TI Rapid Effects of Personal-Level Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Exposure on Arterial Hemodynamics and Vascular Function during the Same Day SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Air pollution; Endothelial function; Smoking C1 Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Hlth Canada, Ottawa, MI USA. Hlth Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. US EPA, Rsch Triangle Pk, NC USA. RTI Int, Rsch Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD NOV 23 PY 2010 VL 122 IS 21 SU S MA A9390 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA V21UD UT WOS:000208231600399 ER PT J AU Gowdy, KM Krantz, QT King, C Boykin, E Jaspers, I Linak, WP Gilmour, MI AF Gowdy, Kymberly M. Krantz, Quentin T. King, Charly Boykin, Elizabeth Jaspers, Ilona Linak, William P. Gilmour, M. Ian TI Role of oxidative stress on diesel-enhanced influenza infection in mice SO PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; EXHAUST PARTICLE CHEMICALS; AMBIENT PARTICULATE MATTER; AIRWAY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES; UNITED-STATES; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; ENGINE EMISSIONS; IL-4 PRODUCTION; TERM EXPOSURE AB Numerous studies have shown that air pollutants, including diesel exhaust (DE), reduce host defenses, resulting in decreased resistance to respiratory infections. This study sought to determine if DE exposure could affect the severity of an ongoing influenza infection in mice, and examine if this could be modulated with antioxidants. BALB/c mice were treated by oropharyngeal aspiration with 50 plaque forming units of influenza A/HongKong/8/68 and immediately exposed to air or 0.5 mg/m(3) DE (4 hrs/day, 14 days). Mice were necropsied on days 1, 4, 8 and 14 post-infection and lungs were assessed for virus titers, lung inflammation, immune cytokine expression and pulmonary responsiveness (PR) to inhaled methacholine. Exposure to DE during the course of infection caused an increase in viral titers at days 4 and 8 post-infection, which was associated with increased neutrophils and protein in the BAL, and an early increase in PR. Increased virus load was not caused by decreased interferon levels, since IFN-beta levels were enhanced in these mice. Expression and production of IL-4 was significantly increased on day 1 and 4 p.i. while expression of the Th1 cytokines, IFN-gamma and IL-12p40 was decreased. Treatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine did not affect diesel-enhanced virus titers but blocked the DE-induced changes in cytokine profiles and lung inflammation. We conclude that exposure to DE during an influenza infection polarizes the local immune responses to an IL-4 dominated profile in association with increased viral disease, and some aspects of this effect can be reversed with antioxidants. C1 [Krantz, Quentin T.; King, Charly; Boykin, Elizabeth; Gilmour, M. Ian] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Gowdy, Kymberly M.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Pulm Allergy & Crit Care, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Linak, William P.] US EPA, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Jaspers, Ilona] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Jaspers, Ilona] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pediat, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Gilmour, MI (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gilmour.ian@epa.gov FU EPA-NC [CT829470] FX We thank Mary Daniels, Debora Andrews, Judy Richards, Daniel Janek, Gaynelle McGee, James Lehman, Dr. Seung Hyun Cho, and Dr. Weiyan Zhu for technical assistance and Dr. Mac Law for pathology grading, Drs. Robert Luebke, and Mary Jane Selgrade, for their review of this manuscript. The project was supported by grant from the EPA-NC State Cooperative agreement (# CT829470) (K.G.). This paper has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Agency, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 73 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-8977 J9 PART FIBRE TOXICOL JI Part. Fibre Toxicol. PD NOV 22 PY 2010 VL 7 AR 34 DI 10.1186/1743-8977-7-34 PG 15 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 693GA UT WOS:000285211400001 PM 21092162 ER PT J AU Lardinois, OM Chatterjee, S Mason, RP Tomer, KB Deterding, LJ AF Lardinois, Olivier M. Chatterjee, Saurabh Mason, Ronald P. Tomer, Kenneth B. Deterding, Leesa J. TI Biotinylated Analogue of the Spin-Trap 5,5-Dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide for the Detection of Low-Abundance Protein Radicals by Mass Spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter ID CYTOCHROME-C PEROXIDASE; IDENTIFICATION; DERIVATIVES; SITE; EPR AB Protein radicals are implicated in oxidative stress and are associated with a wide range of diseases and disorders. In the present work, we describe the specific application of a newly synthesized nitrone spin trap, Bio-SS-DMPO, for the detection of these highly reactive species by mass spectrometry (MS). Bio-SS-DMPO is a biotinylated analogue of the spin-trap 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO) that allows for specific capture of the protein(s)/peptide(s) labeled by the spin-trap on a (strept)avidin-bound solid matrix. The disulfide bond in the linker arm joining biotin to DMPO can be cleaved to release captured spin-adduct peptide from the solid matrix. This (strept)avidin-based affinity purification reduces the complexity of the samples prior to MS analyses, thereby facilitating the location of the sites of spin trap addition. In addition, the biotin moiety on the spin-trap can efficiently be probed with (strept)avidin-conjugated reporter. This offers an effective means to visualize the presence of DMPO-adducted proteins in intact cells. C1 [Tomer, Kenneth B.; Deterding, Leesa J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, NIH, DHHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Lardinois, Olivier M.; Chatterjee, Saurabh; Mason, Ronald P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Toxicol & Pharmacol, NIH, DHHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Deterding, LJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, NIH, DHHS, POB 12233,MD F0-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM deterdi2@niehs.nih.gov RI Tomer, Kenneth/E-8018-2013 FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES050139-14, ZIA ES050150-14, Z99 ES999999]; NIEHS NIH HHS [Z01 ES050171, Z01 ES050139] NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD NOV 15 PY 2010 VL 82 IS 22 BP 9155 EP 9158 DI 10.1021/ac1023183 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 678MQ UT WOS:000284080500006 PM 20957988 ER PT J AU Koutros, S Freeman, LEB Berndt, SI Andreotti, G Lubin, JH Sandler, DP Hoppin, JA Yu, K Li, QZ Burdette, LA Yuenger, J Yeager, M Alavanja, MCR AF Koutros, Stella Freeman, Laura E. Beane Berndt, Sonja I. Andreotti, Gabriella Lubin, Jay H. Sandler, Dale P. Hoppin, Jane A. Yu, Kai Li, Qizhai Burdette, Laura A. Yuenger, Jeffrey Yeager, Meredith Alavanja, Michael C. R. TI Pesticide Use Modifies the Association Between Genetic Variants on Chromosome 8q24 and Prostate Cancer SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; AGRICULTURAL HEALTH; DNA-DAMAGE; RISK LOCUS; IN-VITRO; COLORECTAL-CANCER; MYC EXPRESSION; MULTIPLE LOCI; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB Genome-wide association studies have identified 8q24 region variants as risk factors for prostate cancer. In the Agricultural Health Study, a prospective study of licensed pesticide applicators, we observed increased prostate cancer risk with specific pesticide use among those with a family history of prostate cancer. Thus, we evaluated the interaction among pesticide use, 8q24 variants, and prostate cancer risk. The authors estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for interactions among 211 8q24 variants, 49 pesticides, and prostate cancer risk in 776 cases and 1,444 controls. The ORs for a previously identified variant, rs4242382, and prostate cancer increased significantly (P < 0.05) with exposure to the organophosphate insecticide fonofos, after correction for multiple testing, with per allele ORnonexposed of 1.17 (95% CI, 0.93-1.48), per allele ORlow of 1.30 (95% CI, 0.75-2.27), and per allele ORhigh of 4.46 (95% CI, 2.17-9.17; P-interaction = 0.002, adjusted P-interaction = 0.02). A similar effect modification was observed for three other organophosphate insecticides (coumaphos, terbufos, and phorate) and one pyrethroid insecticide (permethrin). Among ever users of fonofos, subjects with three or four risk alleles at rs7837328 and rs4242382 had approximately three times the risk of prostate cancer (OR, 3.14; 95% CI, 1.41-7.00) compared with subjects who had zero risk alleles and never used fonofos. We observed a significant interaction among variants on chromosome 8q24, pesticide use, and risk of prostate cancer. Insecticides, particularly organophosphates, were the strongest modifiers of risk, although the biological mechanism is unclear. This is the first report of effect modification between 8q24 and an environmental exposure on prostate cancer risk. Cancer Res; 70(22); 9224-33. (C) 2010 AACR. C1 [Koutros, Stella] NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Sandler, Dale P.; Hoppin, Jane A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Li, Qizhai] Chinese Acad Sci, Acad Math & Syst Sci, Key Lab Syst & Control, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Burdette, Laura A.; Yuenger, Jeffrey; Yeager, Meredith] NCI, Core Genotyping Facil, Adv Technol Program, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. RP Koutros, S (reprint author), NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, 6120 Execut Blvd,EPS 8115,MSC 7240, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM KoutrosS@mail.nih.gov RI Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015; OI Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124; Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018 FU NIH, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics [Z01CP010119]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01ES049030] FX Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (Z01CP010119) and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01ES049030). We thank the participants in the Agricultural Health Study for their contributions in support of this research. NR 49 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD NOV 15 PY 2010 VL 70 IS 22 BP 9224 EP 9233 DI 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-1078 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 680DT UT WOS:000284213300028 PM 20978189 ER PT J AU Washington, JW Yoo, H Ellington, JJ Jenkins, TM Libelo, EL AF Washington, John W. Yoo, Hoon Ellington, J. Jackson Jenkins, Thomas M. Libelo, E. Laurence TI Concentrations, Distribution, and Persistence of Perfluoroalkylates in Sludge-Applied Soils near Decatur, Alabama, USA SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FLUOROTELOMER ALCOHOLS; WATER; CHROMATOGRAPHY; OPTIMIZATION; EXTRACTION AB Sludges generated at a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Decatur, Alabama have been applied to agricultural fields for more than a decade. Waste-stream sources to this WWTP during this period included industries that work with fluorotelomer compounds, and sludges from this facility have been found to be elevated in perfluoroalkylates (PFAs). With this knowledge, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency collected soil samples from sludge-applied fields as well as nearby "background" fields for PFA analysis. Samples from the sludge-applied fields had PFAs at much higher concentrations than in the background fields; generally the highest concentrations were perfluorodecanoic acid (<= 990 ng/g), perfluorododecanoic acid (<= 530 ng/g), perfluorooctanoic acid (<= 320 ng/g), and perfluorooctane sulfonate (<= 410 ng/g). Contrasts in PFA concentration between surface and deeper soil samples tended to be more pronounced in long-chain congeners than shorter chains, perhaps reflecting relatively lower environmental mobilities for longer chains. Several PFAs were correlated with secondary fluorotelomer alcohols (sec-FTOHs) suggesting that PFAs are being formed by degradation of sec-FTOHs. Calculated PFA disappearance half-lives for C6 through C11 alkylates ranged from about 1 to 3 years and increase with increasing chain-length, again perhaps reflecting lower mobility of the longer-chained compounds. C1 [Washington, John W.; Yoo, Hoon; Ellington, J. Jackson; Jenkins, Thomas M.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Yoo, Hoon] CNR, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Jenkins, Thomas M.] SSA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Libelo, E. Laurence] US EPA, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Washington, JW (reprint author), US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Washington.john@epa.gov FU The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), through its Office of Research and Development; The USEPA Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), through its Office of Research and Development, managed and partially funded the work described here. The USEPA Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics shared in funding of this work as well. The work has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. We thank Cathy Fehrenbacher and Gail Mitchell for their efforts and support of this work. We thank Laurence Libelo, Andy Lindstrom, Tim Collette, Jack Jones, Eric Weber, and anonymous reviewers for helpful reviews. NR 16 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 5 U2 34 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 15 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 22 BP 8390 EP 8396 DI 10.1021/es1003846 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 680QA UT WOS:000284248300007 PM 20949951 ER PT J AU Yoo, H Washington, JW Ellington, JJ Jenkins, TM Neill, MP AF Yoo, Hoon Washington, John W. Ellington, J. Jackson Jenkins, Thomas M. Neill, Michael P. TI Concentrations, Distribution, and Persistence of Fluorotelomer Alcohols in Sludge-Applied Soils near Decatur, Alabama, USA SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYFLUORINATED ALKYL SUBSTANCES; TREATMENT-PLANT; ACIDS; CHROMATOGRAPHY; PRODUCTS; URBAN; WATER AB Soil samples were collected for fluorotelomer alcohol (FTOH) analyses from six fields to which sludge had been applied and one "background" field that had not received sludge. Ten analytes in soil extracts were quantified using GC/MS. Sludge-applied fields had surface soil FTOH concentrations exceeding levels found in the background field. For 8:2nFTOH, which can degrade to perfluorooctanoic acid, impacted surface-soils ranged from 5 to 73 ng/g dry weight clearly exceeding the background field in which 8:2nFTOH was not detected. The highest [FTOH] generally was 10:2nFTOH, which had concentrations of <5.6 to 166 ng/g. For the first time, we document the persistence of straight-chained primary FTOHs (n-FTOHs) and branch-chained secondary FTOHs (sec-FTOHs), which are transformation products of n-FTOHs, in field soils for at least five years after sludge application. Ratios of sec-FTOHs to n-FTOHs were highest for 7:2sFTOH/8:2nFTOH (similar to 50%) and decreased with increasing chain length to a minimum for the longest-chained analytes, 13:2sFTOH/14:2nFTOH (similar to 10%). Disappearance half-lives for FTOHs, calculated with these data, ranged from 0.85 to 1.8 years. These analytical results show that the practice of sludge application to land is a pathway for the introduction of FTOHs and, accordingly, their transformation products, perfluorocarboxylic acids, into the environment C1 [Yoo, Hoon; Washington, John W.; Jenkins, Thomas M.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Yoo, Hoon; Ellington, J. Jackson] CNR, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Jenkins, Thomas M.] Senior Serv Amer, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Washington, JW (reprint author), US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Washington.john@epa.gov FU The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), through its Office of Research and Development; The USEPA Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), through its Office of Research and Development, managed and partially funded the work described here. The USEPA Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics shared in funding of this work as well. The work has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. We thank Cathy Fehrenbacher and Gail Mitchell for their efforts and support of this work. We thank Tim Collette, Jack Jones, and Eric Weber for helpful reviews. NR 29 TC 37 Z9 40 U1 5 U2 38 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 15 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 22 BP 8397 EP 8402 DI 10.1021/es100390r PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 680QA UT WOS:000284248300008 PM 20949952 ER PT J AU Smith, EM Plewa, MJ Lindell, CL Richardson, SD Mitch, WA AF Smith, Emma Marie Plewa, Michael J. Lindell, Crystal L. Richardson, Susan D. Mitch, William A. TI Comparison of Byproduct Formation in Waters Treated with Chlorine and Iodine: Relevance to Point-of-Use Treatment SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DRINKING-WATER; DISINFECTION; CHLORAMINATION; NITROSAMINE; PRECURSORS; OXIDATION; TOXICITY; NDMA AB Due to their efficacy in deactivating a range of microbial pathogens, particularly amoebic cysts, iodine-based disinfectants have been a popular option for point-of-use (POU) drinking water disinfection by campers, the military, and rural consumers in developing countries. Recently, concerns regarding the formation of cytotoxic and genotoxic iodinated disinfection byproducts (I-DBPs) have arisen during chloramine disinfection of iodide-containing waters in the developed world; similar concerns should pertain to iodine-based POU disinfection. Because there are alternative POU disinfection techniques, including chlorine-based disinfectants, this paper compared disinfection byproduct formation from a range of iodine-based disinfectants at their recommended dosages to chlorination and chloramination under overdosing conditions. Just as chloroform was the predominant trihalomethane (THM) forme during chlorination or chloramination, iodoform was the predominant THM formed during iodination. Conditions fostering THM formation were similar between these treatments, except that THM formation during chlorination increased with pH, while it was slightly elevated at circumneutral pH during iodination. lodoform formation during treatment with iodine tincture was higher than during treatment with iodine tablets. On a molar basis, iodoform formation during treatment with iodine tincture was 20-60% of the formation of chloroform during chlorination, and total organic iodine (101) formation was twice that of total organic chlorine (TOCl), despite the 6-fold higher oxidant dose during chlorination. Based upon previous measurements of chronic mammalian cell cytotoxicity for the individual THMs, consumers of two waters treated with iodine tincture would receive the same THM-associated cytotoxic exposure in 4-19 days as a consumer of the same waters treated with a 6-fold higher dose of chlorine over 1 year. Iodoacetic acid, diiodoacetic acid, and other iodo-acids were also formed with iodine tincture treatment, but at levels <11% of iodoform. However, testing of a Lifestraw Personal POU device, which combines an iodinated anion exchange resin with activated carbon post-treatment, indicated minimal formation of I-DBPs and no iodine residual. Although N-nitrosamines have been associated with oxidant contact with anion exchange resins, N-nitrosamine formation rapidly declined to low levels (4 ng/L) using the Lifestraw device after the first few flushes of water. C1 [Smith, Emma Marie; Mitch, William A.] Yale Univ, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Plewa, Michael J.] Univ Illinois, Ctr Adv Mat Purificat Water Syst, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Plewa, Michael J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Lindell, Crystal L.; Richardson, Susan D.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Mitch, WA (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM william.mitch@yale.edu FU National Science Foundation [CBET-0651732] FX This research was partially supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation (CBET-0651732). We would like to thank Xiangru Zhang and Dave Ho of the Hong Kong University of Science & Technology and Mark Manahan from Cosa Instruments for helpful advice with the TOX measurements. This paper has been reviewed in accordance with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's peer and administrative review policies and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the U.S. EPA. NR 27 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 10 U2 94 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 15 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 22 BP 8446 EP 8452 DI 10.1021/es102746u PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 680QA UT WOS:000284248300016 PM 20964286 ER PT J AU Carlton, AG Bhave, PV Napelenok, SL Edney, ED Sarwar, G Pinder, RW Pouliot, GA Houyoux, M AF Carlton, Annmarie G. Bhave, Prakash V. Napelenok, Sergey L. Edney, Edward D. Sarwar, Golam Pinder, Robert W. Pouliot, George A. Houyoux, Marc TI Model Representation of Secondary Organic Aerosol in CMAQv4.7 SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; SESQUITERPENE EMISSIONS; AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; AIR; PHOTOOXIDATION; IMPACT; PERFORMANCE; OXIDATION; MIXTURES; ISOPRENE AB Numerous scientific upgrades to the representation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) are incorporated into the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system. Additions include several recently identified SOA precursors: benzene, isoprene, and sesquiterpenes; and pathways: in-cloud oxidation of glyoxal and methylglyoxal, particle-phase oligomerization, and acid enhancement of isoprene SOA. NOx-dependent aromatic SOA yields are also added along with new empirical measurements of the enthalpies of vaporization and organic mass-to-carbon ratios. For the first time, these SOA precursors, pathways and empirical parameters are included simultaneously in an air quality model for an annual simulation spanning the continental U.S. Comparisons of CMAQ-modeled secondary organic carbon (OCsec) with semiempirical estimates screened from 165 routine monitoring sites across the U.S. indicate the new SOA module substantially improves model performance. The most notable improvement occurs in the central and southeastern U.S. where the regionally averaged temporal correlations (r) between modeled and semiempirical OCsec increase from -0.5 to 0.8 and -0.3 to 0.8, respectively, when the new SOA module is employed. Wintertime OCsec results improve in all regions of the continental U.S. and the seasonal and regional patterns of biogenic SOA are better represented. C1 [Carlton, Annmarie G.; Bhave, Prakash V.; Napelenok, Sergey L.; Edney, Edward D.; Sarwar, Golam; Pinder, Robert W.; Pouliot, George A.; Houyoux, Marc] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Carlton, AG (reprint author), Dept Environm Sci, 14 Coll Farm Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. EM carlton@envsci.rutgers.edu; bhave.prakash@epa.gov RI Carlton, Annmarie/A-7867-2011; Pinder, Robert/F-8252-2011; Bhave, Prakash/L-1958-2013; Napelenok, Sergey/I-7986-2014; OI Carlton, Annmarie/0000-0002-8574-1507; Pinder, Robert/0000-0001-6390-7126; Bhave, Prakash/0000-0002-2573-951X; Napelenok, Sergey/0000-0002-7038-7445; Pouliot, George/0000-0003-3406-4814 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX This work is the result of a large collaboration across the EPA involving a variety of groups, namely AMAD, HEASD, NRMRL, OAQPS, OTAQ, and NCER. We acknowledge helpful contributions from Tad Kleindienst, Chris Geron, Kristen Foley, Heather Simon, Nancy Hwang, Charles Chang, Lucille Bender, and Ruen Tang. We acknowledge Rob Griffin for verifying data and methods used in his 1999 JGR article and Rohit Mathur and Bill Benjey for administrative support. Bonyoung Koo, Greg Yarwood, Ralph Morris provided helpful discussions during the development of the new SOA module. Disclaimer: The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 67 TC 159 Z9 164 U1 13 U2 134 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 15 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 22 BP 8553 EP 8560 DI 10.1021/es100636q PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 680QA UT WOS:000284248300033 PM 20883028 ER PT J AU Macpherson, AJ Schulze, MD Carter, DR Vidal, E AF Macpherson, Alexander J. Schulze, Mark D. Carter, Douglas R. Vidal, Edson TI A Model for comparing reduced impact logging with conventional logging for an Eastern Amazonian Forest SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Brazilian Amazon; Model; Harvest ID SWIETENIA MACROPHYLLA KING; BRAZILIAN-AMAZON; TIMBER PRODUCTION; TROPICAL FORESTS; GROWTH-MODEL; RAIN-FOREST; MANAGEMENT; YIELD; SUSTAINABILITY; DYNAMICS AB Using data from a logging experiment in the eastern Brazilian Amazon region, we develop a matrix growth and yield model that captures the dynamic effects of harvest system choice on forest structure and composition. Multinomial logistic regression is used to estimate the growth transition parameters for a 10-year time step, while a Poisson regression model is used to estimate recruitment parameters. The model is designed to be easily integrated with an economic model of decisionmaking to perform tropical forest policy analysis. The model is used to compare the long-run structure and composition of a stand arising from the choice of implementing either conventional logging techniques or more carefully planned and executed reduced-impact logging (RIL) techniques, contrasted against a baseline projection of an unlogged forest. Results from "log and leave" scenarios show that a stand logged according to Brazilian management requirements will require well over 120 years to recover its initial commercial volume, regardless of logging technique employed. Implementing RIL, however, accelerates this recovery. Scenarios imposing a 40-year cutting cycle raise the possibility of sustainable harvest volumes, although at significantly lower levels than is implied by current regulations. Meeting current Brazilian forest policy goals may require an increase in the planned total area of permanent production forest or the widespread adoption of silvicultural practices that increase stand recovery and volume accumulation rates after RIL harvests. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Macpherson, Alexander J.; Carter, Douglas R.; Vidal, Edson] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Macpherson, Alexander J.; Vidal, Edson] Univ Sao Paulo, ESALQ, BR-13418900 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Macpherson, Alexander J.; Vidal, Edson] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Schulze, Mark D.] Inst Homem & Meio Ambiente Amazonia IMAZON, BR-66060160 Belem, Para, Brazil. RP Macpherson, AJ (reprint author), US EPA, Off Air & Radiat, 109 TW Alexander Dr,E439-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM macpherson.alex@epa.gov; mark.schulze@oregonstate.edu; drcart@ufl.edu; edvida@esalq.usp.br RI Vidal, Edson/D-4279-2012; Schulze, Mark/H-4921-2013 OI Vidal, Edson/0000-0002-8028-6998; FU United States General Administration Office through the Latin America and Caribbean Department of the United States Agency for International Development [512-A-00-03-00026-00]; University of Florida through a National Science Foundation [DGE-0221599]; Milton and Miriam Handler Foundation; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [481097/2008-2] FX This publication was possible due to support from the United States General Administration Office through the Latin America and Caribbean Department of the United States Agency for International Development under the terms of the International Cooperation Agreement no. 512-A-00-03-00026-00. Additional funding was provided by the Working Forests in the Tropics Program at the University of Florida through a National Science Foundation Integrated Graduate Education and Research Traineeship grant (DGE-0221599), by the Milton and Miriam Handler Foundation, and by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq Process no. 481097/2008-2). We thank Christina Staudhammer and two anonymous reviewers for reviewing this article. This project received logistic support from the Fazenda Agrosete owners, Mr. Persio Lima and Mr. Thales Lima. This work would not have been possible without the help of many people in the field. We especially thank Frank Pantoja, Damiao Farias, Manuel Farias, Miguel Lopes, Marcelo Galdino de Almeida, Eliana Farias, Manuel Vitorino, Miguel Alves, Joseildo Pantoja, and Waldemir Ribeiro da Cruz. NR 43 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD NOV 15 PY 2010 VL 260 IS 11 BP 2002 EP 2011 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.08.050 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 682ID UT WOS:000284393700009 ER PT J AU Vane, LM Namboodiri, VV Meier, RG AF Vane, Leland M. Namboodiri, Vasudevan V. Meier, Richard G. TI Factors affecting alcohol-water pervaporation performance of hydrophobic zeolite-silicone rubber mixed matrix membranes SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Fermentation broth; Pervaporation; Mixed matrix Membranes; Ethanol; Butanol ID HIGHLY CONCENTRATED BIOETHANOL; COATED SILICALITE MEMBRANES; DILUTE AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; FILLED PDMS MEMBRANES; FERMENTATION BROTHS; COMPOSITE MEMBRANES; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; ABE FERMENTATION; SILANOL GROUPS; ACETIC-ACID AB Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) consisting of ZSM-5 zeolite particles dispersed in silicone rubber exhibited ethanol-water pervaporation permselectivities up to five times that of silicone rubber alone and three times higher than simple vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE). A number of conditions resulted in the deterioration in pervaporation performance of these MMMs. Long-term exposure to simple binary ethanol-water mixtures resulted in slow declines in ethanol permeability, water permeability, and selectivity. Treating the particles by quenching them in linear short-chain alcohols immediately after calcination protected the MMM against this performance decline. In addition, rapid and dramatic reductions in both ethanol permeability and selectivity occurred when the MMMs were exposed to a centrifuged yeast fermentation broth. Exposure to a clarified acetone/n-butanol/ethanol (ABE) fermentation broth also resulted in marked reductions in performance, albeit less severe and not as rapid as with the yeast broth. The effect of the broths was not easily reversed. The most effective regeneration scheme was soaking the MMM in 100% n-butanol, which fully recovered the original performance. Zeolite pore blockage due to adsorption of minor constituents in the broths, including organic acids, esters, alcohols, and esterification reaction products was identified as the likely cause of performance changes. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Vane, Leland M.; Namboodiri, Vasudevan V.; Meier, Richard G.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Vane, LM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Vane.Leland@epa.gov FU USEPA FX The authors wish to thank Dr. Shekar Govindaswamy (Lakeshore Engineering) for preparing the S. cerevisiae fermentation broth sampies, Franklin Alvarez (USEPA) for carrying out a portion of the pervaporation experiments, Dr. Yonggui Shan (Pegasus Technical Services) for GC-MS analyses, and Dr. Nasib Qureshi (USDA) for supplying the ABE broth and for general discussions regarding this topic. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation for use. R. Meier received support through the USEPA's Senior Environmental Employee program as administered by the National Council on Aging. NR 52 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 5 U2 64 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD NOV 15 PY 2010 VL 364 IS 1-2 BP 102 EP 110 DI 10.1016/j.memsci.2010.08.006 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 677EO UT WOS:000283972100012 ER PT J AU He, F Shaffer, ML Rodriguez-Colon, S Bixler, EO Vgontzas, AN Williams, RW Wu, RL Cascio, WE Liao, DP AF He, Fan Shaffer, Michele L. Rodriguez-Colon, Sol Bixler, Edward O. Vgontzas, Alexandros N. Williams, Ronald W. Wu, Rongling Cascio, Wayne E. Liao, Duanping TI Acute effects of fine particulate air pollution on ST segment height: A longitudinal study SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; CONCENTRATED AMBIENT PARTICLES; CARDIAC AUTONOMIC CONTROL; MYOCARDIAL-ISCHEMIA; CARDIOVERTER-DEFIBRILLATORS; DISEASE PATIENTS; DISTRIBUTED LAG; APOE(-/-) MICE; ASSOCIATION; REPOLARIZATION AB Background: The mechanisms for the relationship between particulate air pollution and cardiac disease are not fully understood. Air pollution-induced myocardial ischemia is one of the potentially important mechanisms. Methods: We investigate the acute effects and the time course of fine particulate pollution (PM2.5) on myocardium ischemic injury as assessed by ST-segment height in a community-based sample of 106 healthy non-smokers. Twenty-four hour beat-to-beat electrocardiogram (ECG) data were obtained using a high resolution 12-lead Holter ECG system. After visually identifying and removing all the artifacts and arrhythmic beats, we calculated beat-to-beat ST-height from ten leads (inferior leads II, III, and aVF; anterior leads V3 and V4; septal leads V1 and V2; lateral leads I, V5, and V6,). Individual-level 24-hour real-time PM2.5 concentration was obtained by a continuous personal PM2.5 monitor. We then calculated, on a 30-minute basis, the corresponding time-of-the-day specific average exposure to PM2.5 for each participant. Distributed lag models under a linear mixed-effects models framework were used to assess the regression coefficients between 30-minute PM2.5 and ST-height measures from each lead; i.e., one lag indicates a 30-minute separation between the exposure and outcome. Results: The mean (SD) age was 56 (7.6) years, with 41% male and 74% white. The mean (SD) PM2.5 exposure was 14 (22) mu g/m(3). All inferior leads (II, III, and aVF) and two out of three lateral leads (I and V6), showed a significant association between higher PM2.5 levels and higher ST-height. Most of the adverse effects occurred within two hours after PM2.5 exposure. The multivariable adjusted regression coefficients beta (95% CI) of the cumulative effect due to a 10 mu g/m(3) increase in Lag 0-4 PM2.5 on ST-I, II, III, aVF and ST-V6 were 0.29 (0.01-0.56) mu V, 0.79 (0.20-1.39) mu V, 0.52 (0.01-1.05) mu V, 0.65 (0.11-1.19) mu V, and 0.58 (0.07-1.09) mu V, respectively, with all p < 0.05. Conclusions: Increased PM2.5 concentration is associated with immediate increase in ST-segment height in inferior and lateral leads, generally within two hours. Such an acute effect of PM2.5 may contribute to increased potential for regional myocardial ischemic injury among healthy individuals. C1 [He, Fan; Shaffer, Michele L.; Rodriguez-Colon, Sol; Wu, Rongling; Liao, Duanping] Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. [Bixler, Edward O.; Vgontzas, Alexandros N.] Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Sleep Res & Treatment Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. [Williams, Ronald W.] US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Exposure Measurements & Anal Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Cascio, Wayne E.] E Carolina Univ, Greenville, NC 27834 USA. [Cascio, Wayne E.] E Carolina Heart Inst, Greenville, NC 27834 USA. [Cascio, Wayne E.] Brody Sch Med, Dept Cardiovasc Sci, Greenville, NC 27834 USA. RP Liao, DP (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, A210,600 Centerview Dr Suite 2200, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. EM dliao@psu.edu FU NIEHS [1 R01 ES014010] FX This study is funded by NIEHS (1 R01 ES014010). The authors wish to thank Dr. David Mortara of Mortara Instrument, Inc. for providing the SuperECG software for the analysis of the electrocardiographic data. The research described in this article by the United States Environmental Protection Agency has not been subjected to Agency review and, therefore, does not necessarily reflect the review of the Agency and no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-069X J9 ENVIRON HEALTH-GLOB JI Environ. Health PD NOV 8 PY 2010 VL 9 AR 68 DI 10.1186/1476-069X-9-68 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 683IE UT WOS:000284468200001 PM 21059260 ER PT J AU Van Sickle, J AF Van Sickle, John TI Correlated Metrics Yield Multimetric Indices with Inferior Performance SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID BIOTIC INTEGRITY; FISH ASSEMBLAGES; BIOLOGICAL CONDITION; RIVER HEALTH; STREAMS; IBI; INDICATORS; US; ECOSYSTEMS; SCALE AB Multimetric indices (MMIs) are widely used to assess the ecological health of freshwater ecosystems. An MMI is a sum of several standardized numeric variables or metrics, each representing a different attribute of a biological assemblage. Many researchers believe that highly correlated metrics should not be included in the same MMI because they convey redundant information. To seek evidence for or against this belief, I compared the performance of 1,000 MMIs created for each of eight existing data sets by randomly resampling metrics from sets of previously identified candidates. An MMI's performance was measured by its precision and its ability to detect differences between assemblages sampled in independently assessed reference and impacted streams. Across the 1,000 MMIs, precision decreased with increasing mean correlation magnitude for seven of the eight data sets. For seven of the data sets, multiple linear regressions fitted to each set of 1,000 MMIs predicted a decrease in MMI detection ability as the mean correlation magnitude between metrics increased, after adjusting for the average responsiveness of individual metrics to the difference between reference and impacted conditions. However, similar regressions showed that the size of the largest correlation between any two metrics in an MMI had little or no effect on its detection ability. Thus, minimizing the mean of metric correlations is more effective than the widespread practice of setting an upper correlation limit when optimal MMI performance is desired. Finally, an MMI had originally been built for each data set by selecting one set of individually best metrics. In 23 of 24 assessments, 5-100% of randomly selected MMIs outperformed the original MMIs. Because individually best metrics rarely yielded a best-performing summed index, I recommend assessing multiple candidate MMIs, rather than just multiple candidate metrics, when developing a new MMI. C1 US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Van Sickle, J (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM vansickle.john@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) FX I thank Alan Herlihy, John Stoddard, Leska Fore, Bob Hughes, Phil Kaufmann, and Thom Whittier for their ideas and data. Lester Yuan, Chuck Hawkins, Bob Hughes, Alan Herlihy, and an anonymous referee provided valuable comments on the manuscript. This research has been funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The manuscript has been subjected to the agency's peer and administrative review and approved for publication as an EPA document. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 46 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0002-8487 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 139 IS 6 BP 1802 EP 1817 DI 10.1577/T09-204.1 PG 16 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 704ZE UT WOS:000286095500017 ER PT J AU Nussbaum, BD AF Nussbaum, Barry D. TI "Desired and Feared-What Do We Do Now and Over the Next 50 Years?" The American Statistician, 63,202-210 SO AMERICAN STATISTICIAN LA English DT Letter C1 US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Nussbaum, BD (reprint author), US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 732 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1943 USA SN 0003-1305 J9 AM STAT JI Am. Stat. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 64 IS 4 BP 362 EP 362 DI 10.1198/tast.2010.10181 PG 1 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 709PE UT WOS:000286451800012 ER PT J AU Beumer, A King, D Donohue, M Mistry, J Covert, T Pfaller, S AF Beumer, Amy King, Dawn Donohue, Maura Mistry, Jatin Covert, Terry Pfaller, Stacy TI Detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Drinking Water and Biofilms by Quantitative PCR SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CROHNS-DISEASE; NONTUBERCULOUS MYCOBACTERIA; ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; IDENTIFICATION; INTRACELLULARE; METAANALYSIS; INFECTION; NUMBERS AB It has been suggested that Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis has a role in Crohn's disease. The organism may be acquired but is difficult to culture from the environment. We describe a quantitative PCR (qPCR) method to detect M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis in drinking water and the results of its application to drinking water and faucet biofilm samples collected in the United States. C1 [King, Dawn; Donohue, Maura; Pfaller, Stacy] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Beumer, Amy] Univ Cincinnati, Raymond Walters Coll, Blue Ash, OH 45236 USA. [Mistry, Jatin] US EPA, Dallas, TX 75202 USA. [Covert, Terry] Shaw Environm & Infrastruct Grp, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Pfaller, S (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Mail Stop 314,26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM pfaller.stacy@epa.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy; EPA FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Postgraduate Research Participation Program administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the EPA. The EPA, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed the research described here. This research has been subjected to the agency's administrative review and has been approved for publication. NR 27 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 76 IS 21 BP 7367 EP 7370 DI 10.1128/AEM.00730-10 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 670PM UT WOS:000283439800057 PM 20817803 ER PT J AU Geron, CD Arnts, RR AF Geron, Chris D. Arnts, Robert R. TI Seasonal monoterpene and sesquiterpene emissions from Pinus taeda and Pinus virginiana SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Seasonality; Monoterpene; Sesquiterpene; Emissions; Pinus taeda; Pinus virginiana; Loblolly Pine; Virginia Pine; Beta caryophyllene; Alpha pinene; North Carolina ID ORGANIC-COMPOUND EMISSIONS; VEGETATION ENCLOSURE TECHNIQUES; SOUTHEASTERN US; VOC EMISSIONS; UNITED-STATES; SCOTS PINE; FORESTS; AEROSOL; CARBON; LIGHT AB Seasonal volatile organic compound emission data from loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) and Virginia pine (Pinus virginiana) were collected using branch enclosure techniques in Central North Carolina, USA. P. taeda monoterpene emission rates were at least ten times higher than oxygenated monoterpene and sesquiterpene emissions in all seasons. alpha-pinene and gamma-pinene were the most abundant emissions, while beta-caryophyllene had the highest sesquiterpene emission rate from this species. beta-phellandrene was the dominant compound emitted from P. virginiana, followed by the sesquiterpene beta-caryophyllene. Sesquiterpene emissions from P. virginiana have not been reported in the literature previously. Summer sesquiterpene emissions from P. virginiana were nearly as high as monoterpene emissions, but were 4 -12 times lower than monoterpene emissions in the other seasons. Oxygenated monoterpenes and 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol were emitted at higher rates from P. taeda than from P. virginiana. Temperature response of the pinenes from P. taeda is similar to previously reported values used in emission models, while that for other compounds falls at the lower end of the previously reported range. Temperature response of all compounds from P. virginiana is in reasonable agreement with previously reported values from other pine species. There is evidence of light dependence of sesquiterpene emission after accounting for temperature response from both species. This effect is somewhat stronger in P. taeda. Bud break, needle expansion, and needle fall (and therefore wind events) seemed to increase monoterpene emission during non-summer seasons. In some instances springtime monoterpene emissions were higher than summertime emissions despite cooler temperatures. Emissions of individual compounds within monoterpene, oxygenated monoterpene, and sesquiterpene classes were highly correlated with each other. Compounds from different classes were much less correlated within each species. This is due to a varying temporal emission patterns for each BVOC class and suggests different production, storage, and emission controls for each. Analysis of enclosure blanks and diurnal patterns indicates that, despite precautions, disturbance due to the enclosure technique may still impact monoterpene emission rate estimates. This did not appear to affect sesquiterpene emissions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Geron, Chris D.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Arnts, Robert R.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Geron, CD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM geron.chris@epa.gov OI Geron, Chris/0000-0002-4266-2155 NR 22 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 44 IS 34 BP 4240 EP 4251 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.06.054 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 663WW UT WOS:000282921900012 ER PT J AU Watt, MS Kriticos, DJ Potter, KJB Manning, LK Tallent-Halsell, N Bourdot, GW AF Watt, Michael S. Kriticos, Darren J. Potter, Karina J. B. Manning, Lucy K. Tallent-Halsell, Nita Bourdot, Graeme W. TI Using species niche models to inform strategic management of weeds in a changing climate SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Buddleia davidii; Butterfly bush; Climate change; CLIMEX; Invasive alien species; Spread; Weed risk ID FUTURE POTENTIAL DISTRIBUTION; POPULATION-DYNAMICS MODEL; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENT; INVASIVE ALIEN PLANT; YOUNG PINUS-RADIATA; NEW-ZEALAND; VEGETATION MANAGEMENT; BUDDLEJA-DAVIDII; ACACIA-NILOTICA; GROWTH AB The expansion of the global area planted in fast-growing forest species seems likely as a means of offsetting carbon dioxide emissions and developing a sustainable bio-energy resource. Selecting appropriate sites for these plantations will require consideration of the effect of climate change on plantation growth and risks from abiotic and biotic factors. Buddleja davidii has been identified as a weed that has a major impact on plantation forest production in New Zealand. While it is at present restricted mainly to the North Island, a large proportion of the area identified for forest expansion is in eastern and southern regions of the South Island where the weed is presently relatively scarce. In this study we use a process-oriented climatic niche model (CLIMEX) to identify climatically suitable areas for B. davidii under current climate and future climate during the 2080s. This analysis indicates areas most at risk from invasion by B. davidii are in eastern and southern regions of the South Island. As B. davidii predominantly colonises disturbed areas, the likely increases in plantation forest area within this region can be expected to promote the spread of B. davidii. Strategies that could be implemented to manage B. davidii in this region are discussed. This study highlights the general utility of process-oriented niche models in identifying possible threats to planned primary production activities from invasive weed species. This type of knowledge is invaluable in planning and allocation of often scarce resources to most effectively control high impact weeds. Without the synoptic view of the invasion and the assets at risk, there is a strong potential for regional pest management to be parochial, and consequently less effective at all scales. C1 [Watt, Michael S.] Scion, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Kriticos, Darren J.] CSIRO Entomol & Climate Adaptat Flagship, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Potter, Karina J. B.] CSIRO Sustainable Ecosyst, Hobart, Tas 7007, Australia. [Potter, Karina J. B.] CRC Forestry, Hobart, Tas 7007, Australia. [Manning, Lucy K.] Scion, Rotorua, New Zealand. [Tallent-Halsell, Nita] US EPA, Landscape Ecol Branch, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Bourdot, Graeme W.] AgResearch, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. RP Watt, MS (reprint author), Scion, POB 29237, Christchurch, New Zealand. EM michael.watt@scionresearch.com RI Potter, Karina/D-3565-2011; Watt, Michael/C-3813-2009; Kriticos, Darren/A-4170-2008; Bourdot, Graeme/J-7582-2013 OI Kriticos, Darren/0000-0003-2599-8105; FU MAF [C04X0901]; Foundation for Research Science and Technology, New Zealand [C10X0811] FX We thank MAF (Contract No. C04X0901) and the Foundation for Research Science and Technology (Contract No. C10X0811), New Zealand, for funding this research. We are also very grateful to Peter Hall, Barbara Hock, and the rest of the team that produced the Bioenergy Options report, for allowing us to use the afforestation scenarios. The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development collaborated in the research. This manuscript has been subject to Agency peer review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 53 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD NOV PY 2010 VL 12 IS 11 BP 3711 EP 3725 DI 10.1007/s10530-010-9764-1 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 711HX UT WOS:000286581200006 ER PT J AU Upadhyayula, VKK Gadhamshetty, V AF Upadhyayula, Venkata K. K. Gadhamshetty, Venkataramana TI Appreciating the role of carbon nanotube composites in preventing biofouling and promoting biofilms on material surfaces in environmental engineering: A review SO BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES LA English DT Review DE Carbon nanotubes; Nanocomposites; Biofouling; Superhydrophobic; Biofilms; Microbial fuel cells ID MICROBIAL FUEL-CELLS; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; LARGE-SCALE PRODUCTION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ADSORPTION EQUILIBRIUM; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; METAL NANOPARTICLES AB The ability of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to undergo surface modification allows them to form nanocomposites (NCs) with materials such as polymers, metal nanoparticles, biomolecules, and metal oxides. The biocidal nature, protein fouling resistance, and fouling release properties of CNT-NCs render them the perfect material for biofouling prevention. At the same time, the cytotoxicity of CNT-NCs can be reduced before applying them as substrates to promote biofilm formation in environmental biotechnology applications. This paper reviews the potential prospects of CNT-NCs to accomplish two widely varying objectives in environmental engineering applications: (i) preventing biofouling, and (ii) promoting the formation of desirable biofilms on materials surface. This paper addresses practical issues such as costs, risks to human health, and ecological impacts that are associated with the application, development and commercialization of CNT-NC technology. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Upadhyayula, Venkata K. K.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Gadhamshetty, Venkataramana] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. RP Upadhyayula, VKK (reprint author), US EPA, 26 W Martin Luther King Jr Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Upadhyayula.Venkata@epa.gov RI Gadhamshetty, Venkataramana/B-5609-2009; Upadhyayula, Venkata Krishna/E-7549-2012 NR 154 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 5 U2 98 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0734-9750 EI 1873-1899 J9 BIOTECHNOL ADV JI Biotechnol. Adv. PD NOV-DEC PY 2010 VL 28 IS 6 BP 802 EP 816 DI 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2010.06.006 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 671RH UT WOS:000283526500014 PM 20599491 ER PT J AU Erickson, RJ Mount, DR Highland, TL Hockett, JR Leonard, EN Mattson, VR Dawson, TD Lott, KG AF Erickson, Russell J. Mount, David R. Highland, Terry L. Hockett, J. Russell Leonard, Edward N. Mattson, Vincent R. Dawson, Timothy D. Lott, Kevin G. TI Effects of copper, cadmium, lead, and arsenic in a live diet on juvenile fish growth SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; CLARK-FORK RIVER; RAINBOW-TROUT; CHRONIC TOXICITY; LUMBRICULUS-VARIEGATUS; BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES; CHANNEL CATFISH; SALMO-GAIRDNERI; EXPOSURE; WATER AB The effects of diet-borne copper, cadmium, lead, and arsenic on juvenile fish were evaluated using a live diet consisting of the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus. In 30 d exposures, no effects were observed on the growth and survival of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas), and channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) fed diets contaminated with copper [130-310 mu g Cu.(g dm)(-1)], cadmium [90-540 mu g Cd.(g dm)(-1)], and lead [850-1000 mu g Pb.(g dm)(-1)]. However, rainbow trout growth was reduced in a dose-dependent manner for diets contaminated with arsenic [26-77 mu g As.(g dm)(-1)]. These effects of arsenic on fish growth were accompanied by slower feeding rate, reduced food conversion efficiency, liver cell abnormalities, and fecal matter changes suggestive of digestive effects, and occurred to a similar extent whether the diet was exposed to arsenate or arsenite. Effects from these dietary levels of arsenic, and the absence of effects from these dietary levels of metals, were generally consistent with literature reports using laboratory diets amended with toxicant salts. These results also indicated that reported growth effects on rainbow trout fed diets of invertebrates collected from mining-contaminated areas of the Clark Fork River (Montana, USA) or exposed in the laboratory to Clark Fork River sediments are likely more attributable to the arsenic than the metals in those diets. C1 [Erickson, Russell J.; Mount, David R.; Highland, Terry L.; Hockett, J. Russell; Leonard, Edward N.; Mattson, Vincent R.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Dawson, Timothy D.; Lott, Kevin G.] Sobran Inc, Duluth, MN 55802 USA. RP Erickson, RJ (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM erickson.russell@epa.gov NR 25 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 9 U2 39 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 67 IS 11 BP 1816 EP 1826 DI 10.1139/F10-098 PG 11 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 676OG UT WOS:000283921200010 ER PT J AU Kim, TH Chiera, SL Linder, KE Trempus, CS Smart, RC Horowitz, JM AF Kim, Tae-Hyung Chiera, Shannon L. Linder, Keith E. Trempus, Carol S. Smart, Robert C. Horowitz, Jonathan M. TI Overexpression of Transcription Factor Sp2 Inhibits Epidermal Differentiation and Increases Susceptibility to Wound- and Carcinogen-Induced Tumorigenesis SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HAIR FOLLICLE BULGE; ROUS-SARCOMA-VIRUS; TRANSGENIC MICE; EMBRYONIC-DEVELOPMENT; STEM-CELLS; FACTOR FAMILY; EXPRESSION; MOUSE; GROWTH; PROLIFERATION AB Sp proteins are evolutionarily conserved transcription factors required for the expression of a wide variety of genes that are critical for development and cell cycle progression. Deregulated expression of certain Sp proteins is associated with the formation of a variety of human tumors; however, direct evidence that any given Sp protein is oncogenic has been lacking. Here, we report that Sp2 protein abundance in mice increases in concert with the progression of carcinogen-induced murine squamous cell carcinomas. Transgenic mice specifically overexpressing murine Sp2 in epidermal basal keratinocytes were highly susceptible to wound-and carcinogen-induced papillomagenesis. Transgenic animals that were homozygous rather than hemizygous for the Sp2 transgene exhibited a striking arrest in the epidermal differentiation program, perishing within 2 weeks of birth. Our results directly support the likelihood that Sp2 overexpression occurring in various human cancers has significant functional effect. Cancer Res; 70(21); 8507-16. (C)2010 AACR. C1 [Kim, Tae-Hyung; Chiera, Shannon L.; Horowitz, Jonathan M.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mol Biomed Sci, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Kim, Tae-Hyung; Chiera, Shannon L.; Linder, Keith E.; Smart, Robert C.; Horowitz, Jonathan M.] N Carolina State Univ, Ctr Comparat Med & Translat Res, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Linder, Keith E.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Populat Hlth & Pathobiol, Coll Vet Med, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Smart, Robert C.] N Carolina State Univ, Cell Signaling & Canc Grp, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Trempus, Carol S.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Metab & Mol Mech Grp, Lab Toxicol & Pharmacol, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Horowitz, JM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mol Biomed Sci, CVM Res Bldg,Room 354,4700 Hillsborough St, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. EM jon_horowitz@ncsu.edu FU National Cancer Institute [CA105313]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences [GM065405]; Jimmy V-NCSU Cancer Therapeutics Training Program FX National Cancer Institute grant CA105313, National Institute of General Medical Sciences grant GM065405, and funds supplied by the Jimmy V-NCSU Cancer Therapeutics Training Program. NR 45 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD NOV 1 PY 2010 VL 70 IS 21 BP 8507 EP 8516 DI 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-1213 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 673MJ UT WOS:000283667300029 PM 20959487 ER PT J AU Tokar, EJ Benbrahim-Tallaa, L Ward, JM Lunn, R Sams, RL Waalkes, MP AF Tokar, Erik J. Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia Ward, Jerrold M. Lunn, Ruth Sams, Reeder L., II Waalkes, Michael P. TI Cancer in experimental animals exposed to arsenic and arsenic compounds SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Arsenicals; carcinogenesis; inhalation; mouse; oral exposure; rat; rodents; transplacental exposure ID MALE F344 RATS; DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID; MAIN METABOLITE; URINARY-BLADDER; DRINKING-WATER; MOUSE SKIN; INORGANIC ARSENICS; LUNG-CANCER; IN-UTERO; POSTNATAL DIETHYLSTILBESTROL AB Inorganic arsenic is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant that has long been considered a human carcinogen. Recent studies raise further concern about the metalloid as a major, naturally occurring carcinogen in the environment. However, during this same period it has proven difficult to provide experimental evidence of the carcinogenicity of inorganic arsenic in laboratory animals and, until recently, there was considered to be a lack of clear evidence for carcinogenicity of any arsenical in animals. More recent work with arsenical methylation metabolites and early life exposures to inorganic arsenic has now provided evidence of carcinogenicity in rodents. Given that tens of millions of people worldwide are exposed to potentially unhealthy levels of environmental arsenic, in vivo rodent models of arsenic carcinogenesis are a clear necessity for resolving critical issues, such as mechanisms of action, target tissue specificity, and sensitive subpopulations, and in developing strategies to reduce cancers in exposed human populations. This work reviews the available rodent studies considered relevant to carcinogenic assessment of arsenicals, taking advantage of the most recent review by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) that has not yet appeared as a full monograph but has been summarized (IARC, 2009, IARC Special Report: Policy, Vol. 10. Lyon: IARC Press, 453-454). Many valid studies show that arsenic can interact with other carcinogens/agents to enhance oncogenesis, and help elucidate mechanisms, and these too are summarized in this review. Finally, this body of rodent work is discussed in light of its impact on mechanisms and in the context of the persistent argument that arsenic is not carcinogenic in animals. C1 [Lunn, Ruth; Waalkes, Michael P.] NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, Report Carcinogens Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Tokar, Erik J.; Waalkes, Michael P.] NIEHS, Comparat Carcinogenesis Lab, NCI, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia] Int Agcy Res Canc, IARC Monographs Sect, F-69372 Lyon, France. [Ward, Jerrold M.] Global VetPathol, Montgomery Village, MD USA. [Sams, Reeder L., II] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Waalkes, MP (reprint author), NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, Report Carcinogens Off, POB 12233,Mail Drop F0-09,111 Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM waalkes@niehs.nih.gov FU NIH, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research; NIEHS FX The authors' employment affiliations are as shown on the first page. This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, and the National Toxicology Program, NIEHS. This article is the work product of an employee or group of employees of the NIEHS, NIH; however, the statements, opinions, or conclusions contained therein do not necessarily represent the statements, opinions, or conclusions of the NIEHS, NIH, or the United States Government. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Health and Human Services. NR 71 TC 53 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 24 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1040-8444 J9 CRIT REV TOXICOL JI Crit. Rev. Toxicol. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 40 IS 10 BP 912 EP 927 DI 10.3109/10408444.2010.506641 PG 16 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 664NF UT WOS:000282967700003 PM 20812815 ER PT J AU Blakeslee, AMH McKenzie, CH Darling, JA Byers, JE Pringle, JM Roman, J AF Blakeslee, A. M. H. McKenzie, C. H. Darling, J. A. Byers, J. E. Pringle, J. M. Roman, J. TI A hitchhiker's guide to the Maritimes: anthropogenic transport facilitates long-distance dispersal of an invasive marine crab to Newfoundland SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Editorial Material DE Anthropogenic introduction; biological invasions; Carcinus maenas; microsatellite loci; mitochondrial DNA; Newfoundland; north-west Atlantic ID CARCINUS-MAENAS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; NORTH-AMERICA; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; ST-LAWRENCE; GREEN CRAB; PATTERNS; EXPANSION; GENOTYPE; GENETICS AB Aim To determine timing, source and vector for the recent introduction of the European green crab, Carcinus maenas (Linnaeus, 1758), to Newfoundland using multiple lines of evidence. Location Founding populations in Placentia Bay, Newfoundland, Canada and potential source populations in the north-west Atlantic (NWA) and Europe. Methods We analysed mitochondrial and microsatellite genetic data from European and NWA populations sampled during 1999-2002 to determine probable source locations and vectors for the Placentia Bay introduction discovered in 2007. We also analysed Placentia Bay demographic data and shipping records to look for congruent patterns with genetic analyses. Results Demographic data and surveys suggested that C. maenas populations are established and were in Placentia Bay for several years (c. 2002) prior to discovery. Genetic data corroboratively suggested central/western Scotian Shelf populations (e.g., Halifax) as the likely source area for the anthropogenic introduction. These Scotian Shelf populations were within an admixture zone made up of genotypes from both the earlier (early 1800s) and later (late 1900s) introductions of the crab to the NWA from Europe. Placentia Bay also exhibited this mixed ancestry. Probable introduction vectors included vessel traffic and shipping, especially vessels carrying ballast water. Main conclusions Carcinus maenas overcame considerable natural barriers (i.e., coastal and ocean currents) via anthropogenic transport to become established and abundant in Newfoundland. Our study thus demonstrates how non-native populations can be important secondary sources of introduction especially when aided by human transport. Inference of source populations was possible owing to the existence of an admixture zone in central/western Nova Scotia made up of southern and northern genotypes corresponding with the crab's two historical introductions. Coastal vessel traffic was found to be a likely vector for the crab's spread to Newfoundland. Our study demonstrates that there is considerable risk for continued introduction or reintroduction of C. maenas throughout the NWA. C1 [Blakeslee, A. M. H.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Marine Invas Lab, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [McKenzie, C. H.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Fisheries & Oceans Canada, St John, NF A1C 5X1, Canada. [Darling, J. A.] US EPA, Mol Ecol Res Branch, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Byers, J. E.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Pringle, J. M.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Ocean & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Roman, J.] Univ Vermont, Gund Inst Ecol Econ, Burlington, VT 05443 USA. RP Blakeslee, AMH (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Marine Invas Lab, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM blakesleea@si.edu NR 39 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 3 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1366-9516 EI 1472-4642 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 16 IS 6 BP 879 EP 891 DI 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2010.00703.x PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 669UO UT WOS:000283375900001 ER PT J AU Collins, KA Lawrence, TJ Stander, EK Jontos, RJ Kaushal, SS Newcomer, TA Grimm, NB Ekberg, MLC AF Collins, Kelly A. Lawrence, Timothy J. Stander, Emilie K. Jontos, Robert J. Kaushal, Sujay S. Newcomer, Tamara A. Grimm, Nancy B. Ekberg, Marci L. Cole TI Opportunities and challenges for managing nitrogen in urban stormwater: A review and synthesis SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Stormwater; Nitrogen; Nitrate; Denitrification; Uptake; NPDES regulations ID POLLUTANT REMOVAL PERFORMANCE; LOW-IMPACT DEVELOPMENT; WATER NITRATE REMOVAL; NORTH-CAROLINA; BIOFILTRATION SYSTEMS; CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; BIORETENTION MEDIA; DETENTION PONDS; RUNOFF WATER; RAIN GARDEN AB Although nitrogen (N) is prevalent in urban stormwater, regulation of this pollutant has occurred only more recently. This paper reviews the concerns over N in urban stormwater, mechanisms and design enhancements for N uptake and denitrification through various stormwater control measures (SCMs), and presents opportunities to integrate this current knowledge into the regulatory framework. A survey of personnel directly involved in various aspects of US state and territory NPDES programs revealed that the top three pollutants of concern were total suspended solids (TSS), pathogens and bacteria, and total phosphorus (TP). Surprisingly, nitrate (NO(3)(-)) was of little concern among the survey respondents, with 3.9% giving it the highest level of concern, 2.0% ranking it second, and 6.0% ranking it third. When asked which strategies were currently used in their geographic area for stormwater management, the most common results were wet ponds and dry ponds. At the same time, wet ponds and dry ponds were recognized as less effective practices to manage stormwater. A review of current literature reveals that several alternative SCMs, such as bioretention, filters, and wetlands, show greater promise in their ability to remove N from stormwater than more conventional practices such as dry ponds and wet ponds. Enhanced N removal via denitrification and plant uptake is often observed under the combination of aerobic followed by sustained anoxic conditions, the presence of a carbon source (organic material), and the presence of mature, dense vegetation. Given the lack of concern or awareness of local officials related to N loading from urban stormwater, and variation in the efficacy of various SCMs, it is not surprising that regulators remain focused on conventional dry pond and wet pond control measures. More needs to be done to quantify the impact of urban sources of Non water quality and aquatic ecosystems. In addition, greater focus needs to be placed on the development of design criteria for SCMs, such as bioretention, filters, and constructed wetlands, which show more promise for N removal. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Collins, Kelly A.] Ctr Watershed Protect Inc, Ellicott City, MD USA. [Lawrence, Timothy J.] Washington State Univ Extens, Coupeville, WA USA. [Stander, Emilie K.] US EPA, Urban Watershed Management Branch, Edison, NJ USA. [Jontos, Robert J.] Land Tech Consultants Inc, Southbury, CT USA. [Kaushal, Sujay S.] Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. [Newcomer, Tamara A.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Grimm, Nancy B.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Ekberg, Marci L. Cole] Save Bay, Narragansett Bay, Providence, RI USA. RP Collins, KA (reprint author), Ctr Watershed Protect Inc, Ellicott City, MD USA. EM kac@cwp.org; timothy.lawrence@wsu.edu; stander.emilie@epa.gov; rjontos1@landtechconsult.com; kaushal@umces.edu; newcomer@cbl.umces.edu; nbgrimm@asu.edu; mcole@savebay.org RI Newcomer, Tamara/E-5561-2011; Grimm, Nancy/D-2840-2009; Newcomer Johnson, Tamara/D-1045-2013; Kaushal, Sujay/G-1062-2013 OI Grimm, Nancy/0000-0001-9374-660X; Newcomer Johnson, Tamara/0000-0002-2496-7641; Kaushal, Sujay/0000-0003-0834-9189 FU Denitrification Research Coordination Network of the National Science Foundation [DEB0443439]; USDA [2008-51130-19504] FX This paper is a product of a workshop on "Denitrification in Managed Ecosystems" held May 12-14,2009, at the University of Rhode Island Bay Campus, Narragansett, RI, with support from the Denitrification Research Coordination Network of the National Science Foundation, award DEB0443439 and the USDA CSREES Northeast States and Caribbean Islands Regional Water Project award 2008-51130-19504. NR 108 TC 78 Z9 85 U1 17 U2 207 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 36 IS 11 SI SI BP 1507 EP 1519 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2010.03.015 PG 13 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA 665BS UT WOS:000283010600002 ER PT J AU Oakley, SM Gold, AJ Oczkowski, AJ AF Oakley, Stewart M. Gold, Arthur J. Oczkowski, Autumn J. TI Nitrogen control through decentralized wastewater treatment: Process performance and alternative management strategies SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Nitrogen removal; Decentralized wastewater treatment; Denitrification ID SEPTIC-SYSTEM PLUME; NITRATE; GROUNDWATER; EFFLUENT; FILTER; TANK; DENITRIFICATION; CONTAMINATION; RELIABILITY; NUTRIENT AB Decentralized or onsite wastewater treatment (OWT) systems have long been implicated in being a major source of N inputs to surface and ground waters and numerous regulatory bodies have promulgated strict total N (TN) effluent standards in N-sensitive areas. These standards, however, most of which have effluent limitations of <10 mg/L TN. were generally developed without data on treatment performance and attainable compliance levels of operating OWTs designed to remove N. This paper reviews OWT technologies that rely on preanoxic or postanoxic denitrification, or simultaneous nitrification-denitrification, and frequently include compact, mechanized components. TN effluent data from 20 OWTs in 3 long-term N removal demonstration projects in Florida, Oregon, and New Zealand are analyzed and compared with the performance of 15 centralized N removal treatment plants from the US and Canada. A reliability and stability analysis shows that only one of the 20 OWTs approaches the reliability and stability of centralized plants, and can comply with a <10 mg/L TN effluent standard with a 99% probability; all of the remaining 19 OWTs have a <50% probability of compliance. The lower reliability of OWTs, many of which are energy-intensive, scaled-down models of centralized plants, is due to the inherent variability of decentralized wastewater characteristics and the challenges of operationally controlling N removal processes at the level of residences. However, the small footprint (required land area) of these compact designs offers important opportunities for retrofitting OWTs on small lots, in shoreline developments where land is at a premium and where communities wish to foster and sustain compact, village developments that reflect "smart growth" strategies. Other approaches to decentralized N management emphasizing passive, robust, ecologically engineered designs are reviewed and include natural wastewater treatment systems such as single pass sand filters with denitrifying bioreactors, which performed better than any other OWT technology; shallow trenches and drip irrigation for denitrification or plant N uptake in the carbon-rich root zone: denitrification beds/layers installed down gradient from effluent plumes; and the consideration of watershed N sinks in estimating the risks of N loading to receiving waters. These alternative approaches require further research and development, but can offer alternatives or additional treatment to mechanized OWTs. More comparative studies of long-term operation of OWTs under field conditions in other parts of the world are needed to further quantify performance capabilities. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Oakley, Stewart M.] Calif State Univ Chico, Dept Civil Engn, Chico, CA 95929 USA. [Gold, Arthur J.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Nat Resources Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Oczkowski, Autumn J.] US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Oakley, SM (reprint author), Calif State Univ Chico, Dept Civil Engn, Chico, CA 95929 USA. EM soakley@csuchico.edu; agold@uri.edu; oczkowski.autumn@epa.gov OI Oczkowski, Autumn/0000-0002-2421-0956 FU Denitrification Research Coordination Network of the National Science Foundation [DEB0443439]; USDA [2008-51130-19504] FX This paper is a product of the workshop "Denitrification in Managed Ecosystems" held May 12-14, 2009, at the University of Rhode Island Bay Campus, Narragansett, RI, with support from the Denitrification Research Coordination Network of the National Science Foundation, award DEB0443439, and the USDA CSREES Northeast States and Caribbean Islands Regional Water Project, award 2008-51130-19504. NR 71 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 70 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 36 IS 11 SI SI BP 1520 EP 1531 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2010.04.030 PG 12 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA 665BS UT WOS:000283010600003 ER PT J AU Birnbaum, LS Staskal-Wikoff, DS AF Birnbaum, L. S. Staskal-Wikoff, D. S. TI 5th international PCB workshop - Summary and implications SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Editorial Material DE PCB; Workshop AB A summation of new and novel findings presented at "The Fifth PCB Workshop: New Knowledge Gained from Old Pollutants" workshop is provided in this overview, along with discussion of data gaps and research needs in the future. Relative to the previous workshop, the scientific presentations had a decreased emphasis on toxicology; rather, more than half of the sessions dealt with environmental sources, fate and transport, or transformations. Approximately 100 presentations in the form of talks and posters were included in the workshop. The presentations were generally divided into: emissions and transport of PCBs in natural and urban settings; chiral aspects of PCB transport; metabolism and distribution; new aspects of environmental metabolism of PCBs - from microbes to plants to animals; reproduction, developmental and cardiovascular effects of PCBs; updates on Anniston - the most highly exposed PCB community in the U.S. to date; and new and novel approaches for evaluating PCB mixtures (e.g., PCB toxic equivalency factors, and TEFs) - and the implications of such for risk assessment. An overarching state-of-the-science view is important to the goal of preventing negative health consequences. Currently, there are still many roadblocks to evaluating risk associated with this large group of 209 congeners - all of which have different physiochemical properties, variable fate and transport mechanism in the environment, and a range of ability for persistence, bioaccumulation, and biological activity. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved, C1 [Staskal-Wikoff, D. S.] ToxStrategies, Austin, TX 78741 USA. [Birnbaum, L. S.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Off Director, Durham, NC 27709 USA. RP Staskal-Wikoff, DS (reprint author), ToxStrategies, 3420 Execut Ctr Dr,Suite 114, Austin, TX 78741 USA. EM dstaskal@toxstrategies.com NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0160-4120 J9 ENVIRON INT JI Environ. Int. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 36 IS 8 SI SI BP 814 EP 818 DI 10.1016/j.envint.2010.06.011 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 677HO UT WOS:000283979900002 PM 20728937 ER PT J AU Claxton, LD Umbuzeiro, GD DeMarini, DM AF Claxton, Larry D. Umbuzeiro, Gisela de A. DeMarini, David M. TI The Salmonella Mutagenicity Assay: The Stethoscope of Genetic Toxicology for the 21st Century SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Review DE Ames assay; carcinogenicity; 21st century toxicology; genetic toxicology; high-throughput assays; Salmonella assay; Salmonella mutagenicity assay ID HEALTH-RISK ASSESSMENT; BIOASSAY-DIRECTED FRACTIONATION; TYPHIMURIUM TESTER STRAINS; CHINESE-HAMSTER CELLS; AMES TEST; DRINKING-WATER; RODENT CARCINOGENICITY; NEUROSPORA-CRASSA; MICROSOME TEST; HUMAN BREAST AB OBJECTIVES: According to the 2007 National Research Council report Toxicology for the Twenty-First Century, modern methods (e.g., "omics," in vitro assays, high-throughput testing, computational methods) will lead to the emergence of a new approach to toxicology. The Salmonella mammalian microsome mutagenicity assay has been central to the field of genetic toxicology since the 1970s. Here we document the paradigm shifts engendered by the assay, the validation and applications of the assay, and how the assay is a model for future in vitro toxicology assays. DATA SOURCES: We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Knowledge using key words relevant to the Salmonella assay and additional genotoxicity assays. DATA EXTRACTION: We merged the citations, removing duplicates, and categorized the papers by year and topic. DATA SYNTHESIS: The Salmonella assay led to two paradigm shifts: that some carcinogens were mutagens and that some environmental samples (e.g., air, water, soil, food, combustion emissions) were mutagenic. Although there are > 10,000 publications on the Salmonella assay, covering tens of thousands of agents, data on even more agents probably exist in unpublished form, largely as proprietary studies by industry. The Salmonella assay is a model for the development of 21st century in vitro toxicology assays in terms of the establishment of standard procedures, ability to test various agents, transferability across laboratories, validation and testing, and structure-activity analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Similar to a stethoscope as a first-line, inexpensive tool in medicine, the Salmonella assay can serve a similar, indispensable role in the foreseeable future of 21st century toxicology. C1 [Claxton, Larry D.; DeMarini, David M.] US EPA, Genet & Cellular Toxicol Branch, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Umbuzeiro, Gisela de A.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Fac Tecnol, Lab Ecotoxicol Aquat & Limnol, Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP DeMarini, DM (reprint author), US EPA, Genet & Cellular Toxicol Branch, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, B105-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM demarini.david@epa.gov RI Umbuzeiro, Gisela/H-4603-2011; OI Umbuzeiro, Gisela/0000-0002-8623-5200; Claxton, Larry/0000-0001-7455-1583 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) FX This research was supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). NR 177 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 7 U2 39 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 118 IS 11 BP 1515 EP 1522 DI 10.1289/ehp.1002336 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 674CR UT WOS:000283711800020 PM 20682480 ER PT J AU Richardson, SD DeMarini, DM Kogevinas, M Fernandez, P Marco, E Lourencetti, C Balleste, C Heederik, D Meliefste, K McKague, AB Marcos, R Font-Ribera, L Grimalt, JO Villanueva, CM AF Richardson, Susan D. DeMarini, David M. Kogevinas, Manolis Fernandez, Pilar Marco, Esther Lourencetti, Carolina Balleste, Clara Heederik, Dick Meliefste, Kees McKague, A. Bruce Marcos, Ricard Font-Ribera, Laia Grimalt, Joan O. Villanueva, Cristina M. TI What's in the Pool? A Comprehensive Identification of Disinfection By-products and Assessment of Mutagenicity of Chlorinated and Brominated Swimming Pool Water SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE bromination; bromine; chlorination; chlorine; DBPs; disinfection by-products; mutagenicity; swimming pools; Salmonella; water ID GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE; DRINKING-WATER; TRIHALOMETHANE CONCENTRATIONS; SALMONELLA MUTAGENICITY; EXPOSURE; GENOTOXICITY; BROMODICHLOROMETHANE; CHLORAMINES; CHLOROFORM; EXPRESSION AB BACKGROUND: Swimming pool disinfectants and disinfection by-products (DBPs) have been linked to human health effects, including asthma and bladder cancer, but no studies have provided a comprehensive identification of DBPs in the water and related that to mutagenicity. OBJECTIVES: We performed a comprehensive identification of DBPs and disinfectant species in waters from public swimming pools in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, that disinfect with either chlorine or bromine and we determined the mutagenicity of the waters to compare with the analytical results. METHODS: We used gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to measure trihalomethanes in water, GC with electron capture detection for air, low- and high-resolution GC/MS to comprehensively identify DBPs, photometry to measure disinfectant species (free chlorine, monochloroamine, dichloramine, and trichloramine) in the waters, and an ion chromatography method to measure trichloramine in air. We assessed mutagenicity with the Salmonella mutagenicity assay. RESULTS: We identified > 100 DBPs, including many nitrogen-containing DBPs that were likely formed from nitrogen-containing precursors from human inputs, such as urine, sweat, and skin cells. Many DBPs were new and have not been reported previously in either swimming pool or drinking waters. Bromoform levels were greater in brominated than in chlorinated pool waters, but we also identified many brominated DBPs in the chlorinated waters. The pool waters were mutagenic at levels similar to that of drinking water (similar to 1,200 revertants/L-equivalents in strain TA100-S9 mix). CONCLUSIONS: This study identified many new DBPs not identified previously in swimming pool or drinking water and found that swimming pool waters are as mutagenic as typical drinking waters. C1 [Richardson, Susan D.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [DeMarini, David M.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kogevinas, Manolis; Font-Ribera, Laia; Villanueva, Cristina M.] Ctr Res Environm Epidemiol, Barcelona, Spain. [Kogevinas, Manolis; Font-Ribera, Laia; Villanueva, Cristina M.] Hosp del Mar, Municipal Inst Med Res, Barcelona, Spain. [Kogevinas, Manolis; Villanueva, Cristina M.] CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ, Barcelona, Spain. [Kogevinas, Manolis] Univ Athens, Sch Med, GR-10679 Athens, Greece. [Fernandez, Pilar; Marco, Esther; Lourencetti, Carolina; Balleste, Clara; Grimalt, Joan O.] Inst Environm Assessment & Water Res, Dept Environm Chem, Barcelona, Spain. [Heederik, Dick; Meliefste, Kees] Univ Utrecht, Inst Risk Assessment Sci, Div Environm Epidemiol, Utrecht, Netherlands. [McKague, A. Bruce] CanSyn Chem Corp, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Marcos, Ricard] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Genet & Microbiol, Grp Mutagenesi, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola Vall, Spain. RP Richardson, SD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM richardson.susan@epa.gov RI Grimalt, Joan/E-2073-2011; Fernandez, Pilar/E-6182-2010; Villanueva, Cristina/N-1942-2014; Kogevinas, Manolis/C-3918-2017; OI Grimalt, Joan/0000-0002-7391-5768; Fernandez, Pilar/0000-0002-4535-5214; Villanueva, Cristina/0000-0002-0783-1259; Font-Ribera, Laia/0000-0001-8447-4905; Marcos, Ricard/0000-0001-7891-357X FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); Plan Nacional [SAF2005-07643-C03-01]; Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria [CP06/00341]; Instituto de Salud Carlos III [CP06/00341, FI06/00651]; Santander-Central Hispano; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas FX This research was supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) intramural research program and Spanish grants SAF2005-07643-C03-01 (Plan Nacional) and CP06/00341 (Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria). C.M.V. and L.F.-R. have, respectively, a contract and a predoctoral fellowship by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CP06/00341, FI06/00651). C. L. acknowledges a grant from the Agreement between Santander-Central Hispano and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas. NR 54 TC 105 Z9 107 U1 13 U2 133 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 118 IS 11 BP 1523 EP 1530 DI 10.1289/ehp.1001965 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 674CR UT WOS:000283711800021 PM 20833605 ER PT J AU Kogevinas, M Villanueva, CM Font-Ribera, L Liviac, D Bustamante, M Espinoza, F Nieuwenhuijsen, MJ Espinosa, A Fernandez, P DeMarini, DM Grimalt, JO Grummt, T Marcos, R AF Kogevinas, Manolis Villanueva, Cristina M. Font-Ribera, Laia Liviac, Danae Bustamante, Mariona Espinoza, Felicidad Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J. Espinosa, Aina Fernandez, Pilar DeMarini, David M. Grimalt, Joan O. Grummt, Tamara Marcos, Ricard TI Genotoxic Effects in Swimmers Exposed to Disinfection By-products in Indoor Swimming Pools SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE cancer; chlorination; disinfection by-products; genetics; genotoxicity; mutagenicity; swimming pools; water ID BROMODICHLOROMETHANE METABOLISM; GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS; DRINKING-WATER; COMET ASSAY; HUMAN LIVER; MICRONUCLEI; BLOOD; SALMONELLA; CHLOROFORM; CELLS AB BACKGROUND: Exposure to disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water has been associated with cancer risk. A recent study (Villanueva et al. 2007; Am J Epidemiol 165:148-156) found an increased bladder cancer risk among subjects attending swimming pools relative to those not attending. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated adults who swam in chlorinated pools to determine whether exposure to DBPs in pool water is associated with biomarkers of genotoxicity. METHODS: We collected blood, urine, and exhaled air samples from 49 non-smoking adult volunteers before and after they swam for 40 min in an indoor chlorinated pool. We estimated associations between the concentrations of four trihalomethanes (THMs) in exhaled breath and changes in micronuclei (MN) and DNA damage (comet assay) in peripheral blood lymphocytes before and 1 hr after swimming; urine mutagenicity (Ames assay) before and 2 hr after swimming; and MN in exfoliated urothelial cells before and 2 weeks after swimming. We also estimated associations and interactions with polymorphisms in genes related to DNA repair or to DBP metabolism. RESULTS: After swimming, the total concentration of the four THMs in exhaled breath was seven times higher than before swimming. The change in the frequency of micronucleated lymphocytes after swimming increased in association with higher exhaled concentrations of the brominated THMs (p = 0.03 for bromodichloromethane, p = 0.05 for chlorodibromomethane, p = 0.01 for bromoform) but not chloroform. Swimming was not associated with DNA damage detectable by the comet assay. Urine mutagenicity increased significantly after swimming, in association with the higher concentration of exhaled bromoform (p = 0.004). We found no significant associations with changes in micronucleated urothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support potential genotoxic effects of exposure to DBPs from swimming pools. The positive health effects gained by swimming could be increased by reducing the potential health risks of pool water. C1 [Kogevinas, Manolis; Villanueva, Cristina M.; Font-Ribera, Laia; Bustamante, Mariona; Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.; Espinosa, Aina] Ctr Res Environm Epidemiol, Barcelona 08003, Spain. [Kogevinas, Manolis; Villanueva, Cristina M.; Font-Ribera, Laia; Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.; Espinosa, Aina] Hosp del Mar, Municipal Inst Med Res, Barcelona, Spain. [Kogevinas, Manolis; Villanueva, Cristina M.; Font-Ribera, Laia; Bustamante, Mariona; Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.; Espinosa, Aina; Marcos, Ricard] CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ, Barcelona, Spain. [Liviac, Danae; Espinoza, Felicidad; Marcos, Ricard] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Genet & Microbiol, Grp Mutagenesi, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola Vall, Spain. [Bustamante, Mariona] Ctr Genom Regulat, Barcelona, Spain. [Fernandez, Pilar; Grimalt, Joan O.] Inst Environm Assessment & Water Res, Barcelona, Spain. [DeMarini, David M.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Grummt, Tamara] Fed Environm Agcy, Bad Elster, Germany. [Kogevinas, Manolis] Natl Sch Publ Hlth, Athens, Greece. RP Kogevinas, M (reprint author), Ctr Res Environm Epidemiol, 88 Dr Aiguader Rd, Barcelona 08003, Spain. EM kogevinas@creal.cat RI Grimalt, Joan/E-2073-2011; Fernandez, Pilar/E-6182-2010; Villanueva, Cristina/N-1942-2014; Bustamante, Mariona/M-7277-2015; Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark/C-3914-2017; Kogevinas, Manolis/C-3918-2017; OI Marcos, Ricard/0000-0001-7891-357X; Grimalt, Joan/0000-0002-7391-5768; Fernandez, Pilar/0000-0002-4535-5214; Villanueva, Cristina/0000-0002-0783-1259; Bustamante, Mariona/0000-0003-0127-2860; Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark/0000-0001-9461-7981; Font-Ribera, Laia/0000-0001-8447-4905 FU Plan Nacional [SAF2005-07643-C03-01/02/03]; Spanish Health Ministry [FIS CP06/00341]; Instituto de Salud Carlos III [CP06/00341]; Spanish Health Ministry; Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona FX This research was supported by Plan Nacional grant SAF2005-07643-C03-01/02/03 and by Spanish Health Ministry grant FIS CP06/00341. C.M.V. was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CP06/00341); L.F.-R. was supported by a predoctoral fellowship (FI06/00651) from the Spanish Health Ministry; and D.L., by postgraduate fellowship (PIF409-009) from the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona. NR 48 TC 62 Z9 65 U1 2 U2 40 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 118 IS 11 BP 1531 EP 1537 DI 10.1289/ehp.1001959 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 674CR UT WOS:000283711800022 PM 20833606 ER PT J AU Schoeny, R AF Schoeny, Rita TI Disinfection By-products: A Question of Balance SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Editorial Material ID DRINKING-WATER C1 US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Schoeny, R (reprint author), US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM schoeny.rita@epa.gov NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 118 IS 11 BP A466 EP A467 DI 10.1289/ehp.1003053 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 674CR UT WOS:000283711800001 PM 21465736 ER PT J AU Marfil-Vega, R Suidan, MT Mills, MA AF Marfil-Vega, Ruth Suidan, Makram T. Mills, Marc A. TI Abiotic transformation of estrogens in synthetic municipal wastewater: An alternative for treatment? SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Estrogens; Catalytic reactions; Adsorption; Fate; Wastewater; Sludge ID ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING COMPOUNDS; REMOVAL; OXIDATION; HORMONES; 17-ALPHA-ETHYNYLESTRADIOL; BIODEGRADATION; MANGANESE; SORPTION; FATE; 17-BETA-ESTRADIOL AB The abiotic transformation of estrogens, including estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), estriol (E3) and ethinylestradiol (EE2), in the presence of model vegetable matter was confirmed in this study. Batch experiments were performed to model the catalytic conversion of E1, E2, E3 and EE2 in synthetic wastewater Greater than 80% reduction in the parent compounds was achieved for each target chemical after 72 h with the remaining concentration distributed between aqueous and solid phases as follows. 13% and 7% for E1, 10% and 2% for E2, 6% and 2% for E3, and 8% and 3% for EE2, respectively Testosterone, androstenedione and progesterone were also monitored in this study, and their concentrations were found to be in agreement with initially spiked amount. Data collected under laboratory conditions provided the basis for implementing new abiotic wastewater treatment technologies that use inexpensive materials (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved. C1 [Marfil-Vega, Ruth; Suidan, Makram T.] Univ Cincinnati, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Mills, Marc A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Suidan, MT (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RI Mills, Marc/C-3449-2017 OI Mills, Marc/0000-0002-0169-3086 NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 158 IS 11 BP 3372 EP 3377 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2010.07042 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 659JQ UT WOS:000282563200003 PM 20817369 ER PT J AU Hou, WC Kong, LJ Wepasnick, KA Zepp, RG Fairbrother, DH Jafvert, CT AF Hou, Wen-Che Kong, Lingjun Wepasnick, Kevin A. Zepp, Richard G. Fairbrother, D. Howard Jafvert, Chad T. TI Photochemistry of Aqueous C-60 Clusters: Wavelength Dependency and Product Characterization SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WATER-SOLUBLE FULLERENES; CARBON; TRANSFORMATION; NANOMATERIALS; CHEMISTRY; FORM AB To construct accurate risk assessment models for engineered nanomaterials, there is urgent need for information on the reactivity (or conversely, persistence) and transformation pathways of these materials in the natural environment. As an important step toward addressing this issue, we have characterized the products formed when aqueous C-60 clusters (nC(60)) are exposed to natural sunlight and also have assessed the wavelengths primarily responsible for phototransformation. Long-wavelength light (lambda >= 400 nm) isolated from sunlight, was shown to be important in both the phototransformation of nC(60) and in the production of O-1(2). The significance of visible light in mediating the phototransformation of nC(60) was supported by additional experiments with monochromatic light in which the apparent quantum yield at 436 nm (Phi(436) (nm) = (2.08 +/- 0.08) x 10(-5)) was comparable to that at 366 nm (Phi(356) (nm) = (2.02 +/- 0.07) x 10(-5)). LDI-TOF mass spectrometry indicated that most of the photoproducts formed after 947 h of irradiation in natural sunlight retain a 60 atom carbon structure. A combination of C-13 NMR analysis of C-13-enriched nC(60), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and FTIR indicated that photoproducts have olefinic carbon atoms as well as a variety of oxygen-containing functional groups, including vinyl ether and carbonyl or carboxyl groups, whose presence destroys the native pi-electron system of C-60. Thus, the photoreactivity of nC(60) in sunlight leads to the formation of water-soluble C-60 derivatives. C1 [Hou, Wen-Che; Jafvert, Chad T.] Purdue Univ, Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Kong, Lingjun] Natl Res Council Associate, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Wepasnick, Kevin A.; Fairbrother, D. Howard] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Kong, Lingjun; Zepp, Richard G.] US EPA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Hou, WC (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM whou4@asu.edu; jafvert@ecn.purdue.edu RI Hou, Wen-Che/F-5736-2011; Jafvert, Chad/D-9551-2013 OI Hou, Wen-Che/0000-0001-9884-2932; FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) [RD 83334001]; National Science Foundation [BES0731147]; Environmental Protection Agency [RD-83385701-0]; Institute for Nanobiotechnology at Johns Hopkins University FX Financial support was provided by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) under Award RD 83334001 of the STAR grant program. We thank Dr. Changhe Xiao for technical assistance; Dr. Karl Wood at the campus-wide Mass Spectrometry Center (CWMSC) of Purdue University for mass spectrometric analysis and discussion; Ms. Debra Sherman at the Life Science Microscopy Facility of Purdue University for TEM imaging; Prof. Hugh Hillhouse and Dr. Qijie Coo at the School of Chemical Engineering of Purdue University for use of the FTIR spectrophotometer and help in recording spectra; Dr. Zhengwei Pan and Mr. Yen-Jun Chuang at University of Georgia for transmittance/absorbance measurements using the UV-visible spectrometer equipped with an integrating sphere attachment; Drs. Quincy Teng and Wenlin Huang at the U.S. EPA, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Athens, Georgia for 13C NMR analysis and discussion. D.H.F. and K.W. gratefully acknowledge partial financial support from the National Science Foundation (Grant No. BES0731147), the Environmental Protection Agency (Grant No. RD-83385701-0) and the Institute for Nanobiotechnology at Johns Hopkins University. This paper has been reviewed in accordance with the U.S. EPA's peer and administrative review policies and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation for use by the U.S. EPA. NR 24 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 42 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 1 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 21 BP 8121 EP 8127 DI 10.1021/es101230q PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 671EV UT WOS:000283484000026 PM 20939530 ER PT J AU Hoffman, JC Peterson, GS Cotter, AM Kelly, JR AF Hoffman, Joel C. Peterson, Gregory S. Cotter, Anne M. Kelly, John R. TI Using Stable Isotope Mixing in a Great Lakes Coastal Tributary to Determine Food Web Linkages in Young Fishes SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Article DE delta(13)C; delta(15)N; Trophic; Lake Superior; St. Louis River ID YORK RIVER ESTUARY; ORGANIC-MATTER; CARBON-ISOTOPE; AMAZON RIVER; WATER; WETLANDS; ZOOPLANKTON; ENRICHMENT; ECOSYSTEMS; DELTA-C-13 AB We characterized stable isotope mixing along a river-Great Lake transition zone in the St. Louis River, an important fish nursery in western Lake Superior, and used it to identify food web linkages supporting young fish production. We observed a broad, spatial pattern in the carbon stable isotope ratio (delta(13)C); downriver enrichment in particulate organic carbon and aquatic vegetation delta(13)C, as well as pelagic, benthic and littoral invertebrate delta(13)C, reflected isotope mixing along the river-lake transition zone. Fishes with similarly enriched delta(13)C were used to identify benthopelagic and littoral trophic pathways. River and Lake Superior organic matter (OM) sources contributed to both pathways. Differences between the delta(13)C in fishes and invertebrate prey revealed that fish production was supported at multiple spatial scales. The result was that the food web specific to any location along the transition zone incorporated multiple OM sources from across the watershed. C1 [Hoffman, Joel C.; Peterson, Gregory S.; Cotter, Anne M.; Kelly, John R.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Hoffman, JC (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM Hoffman.Joel@epa.gov NR 49 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 5 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1559-2723 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD NOV PY 2010 VL 33 IS 6 BP 1391 EP 1405 DI 10.1007/s12237-010-9295-0 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 658SZ UT WOS:000282511000011 ER PT J AU McKinney, RA Oczkowski, AJ Prezioso, J Hyde, KJW AF McKinney, R. A. Oczkowski, A. J. Prezioso, J. Hyde, K. J. W. TI Spatial variability of nitrogen isotope ratios of particulate material from Northwest Atlantic continental shelf waters SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE nitrogen; stable isotope; continental shelf; particulate material; estuary; chlorophyll-a ID STABLE-ISOTOPE; COASTAL WATERS; ATMOSPHERIC NITROGEN; ORGANIC-MATTER; UNITED-STATES; FOOD-WEB; NITRATE; OCEAN; PHYTOPLANKTON; ECOSYSTEMS AB Human encroachment on the coastal zone has led to concern about the impact of anthropogenic nitrogen (N) on estuarine and continental shelf waters. Western North Atlantic watershed budgets suggest that the export of human-derived N from estuaries to shelf waters off the east coast of the US may be significant: however, models based on water inputs and estimates of upwelling of deepwater nutrients to surface waters of the mid-Atlantic bight indicate that estuarine N may be a relatively minor component of the overall shelf N budget. Stable N isotope ratios could provide a means to assess the relative input of anthropogenic N to shelf waters, particularly since dissolved N from human sources has elevated delta(15)N values (range: 7-30 parts per thousand). We collected particulate material from surface shelf waters off the US east coast from 2000 to 2005 at near-shore sample sites proximal to the mouth of six estuaries and corresponding sites farther offshore. Near-shore (mean 33.7 km from estuary mouth) delta(15)N values ranged from 5.5 to 7.7 parts per thousand, Offshore values (mean 92.4 km from estuary mouth) were consistently lower than near-shore sites (average 4.7 +/- 1.0 parts per thousand versus 6.8 +/- 1.1 parts per thousand)(,) suggesting different N sources to near and offshore stations. Near-shore regions are often more productive, as mean monthly chlorophyll-a concentrations from the sea-viewing wide field-of-view sensor (SeaWiFS) were significantly higher at near-shore sites near the mouth of three of the six estuaries. A mass balance using a concentration-dependent mixing model with chlorophyll-a concentrations as a surrogate for dissolved inorganic nitrogen can account for all of the nitrogen at near-shore sites south of Cape Cod with estuarine nitrogen estimated to contribute 45-85% of the nitrogen to the near-shore surface particulate material. Our results support the hypothesis that estuarine nitrogen is influencing continental shelf ecosystems, and also provide preliminary evidence of the spatial extent of its influence on shelf waters in the mid-Atlantic bight. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [McKinney, R. A.; Oczkowski, A. J.] USA, US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Atlantic Eco, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Prezioso, J.; Hyde, K. J. W.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Narragansett Lab, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP McKinney, RA (reprint author), USA, US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Atlantic Eco, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM mckinney.rick@epa.gov OI Oczkowski, Autumn/0000-0002-2421-0956 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX We thank Joe Kane for assistance with sample collection and data analysis. Also many thanks to John O'Reilly for providing chlorophyll-a data and Teresa Ducas for help with data processing. We are grateful to Scott Nixon, Richard Pruell and Mark Cantwell for their critical review and helpful comments that greatly improved the manuscript. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation. Although the research described in this article has been funded wholly by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, it has not been subjected to Agency-level review. Therefore, it does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. This is the Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division contribution number AED-08-083. NR 57 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0272-7714 J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. PD NOV 1 PY 2010 VL 89 IS 4 BP 287 EP 293 DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2010.08.004 PG 7 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 664ZF UT WOS:000283002100005 ER PT J AU Laughlin, SK Herring, AH Savitz, DA Olshan, AF Fielding, JR Hartmann, KE Baird, DD AF Laughlin, Shannon K. Herring, Amy H. Savitz, David A. Olshan, Andrew F. Fielding, Julia R. Hartmann, Katherine E. Baird, Donna D. TI Pregnancy-related fibroid reduction SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Editorial Material DE Leiomyoma; postpartum; pregnancy; ultrasound; uterine remodeling ID UTERINE LEIOMYOMATA; REPRODUCTIVE FACTORS; WHITE WOMEN; GROWTH; RISK; SIZE AB We tested the hypothesis that the protective effect of parity on fibroids is due to direct pregnancy-related effects by following women from early pregnancy to postpartum period with ultrasound. Of 171 women with one initial fibroid, 36% had no identifiable fibroid at the time of postpartum ultrasound, and 79% of the remaining fibroids decreased in size. (Fertil Steril (R) 2010;94:2421-3. (C)2010 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.) C1 [Laughlin, Shannon K.; Baird, Donna D.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Laughlin, Shannon K.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Herring, Amy H.] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Populat Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Savitz, David A.; Olshan, Andrew F.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dis Prevent & Publ Hlth Inst, New York, NY USA. [Fielding, Julia R.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Radiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Hartmann, Katherine E.] Vanderbilt Univ, Inst Med & Publ Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. [Hartmann, Katherine E.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. RP Laughlin, SK (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM laughlin.shannon@mayo.edu RI Baird, Donna/D-5214-2017 OI Baird, Donna/0000-0002-5544-2653 FU Intramural NIH HHS; NICHD NIH HHS [R01 HD043883-04, HD049675, R01 HD043883, R01 HD049675, R24 HD050924]; NIEHS NIH HHS [P30 ES010126, P30ES10126] NR 19 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 94 IS 6 BP 2421 EP 2423 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.03.035 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 670QC UT WOS:000283441400112 PM 20451187 ER PT J AU Kaushal, SS Likens, GE Jaworski, NA Pace, ML Sides, AM Seekell, D Belt, KT Secor, DH Wingate, RL AF Kaushal, Sujay S. Likens, Gene E. Jaworski, Norbert A. Pace, Michael L. Sides, Ashley M. Seekell, David Belt, Kenneth T. Secor, David H. Wingate, Rebecca L. TI Rising stream and river temperatures in the United States SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article ID LONG-TERM WATER; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LAND-USE; TRENDS; URBANIZATION; IMPACT AB Water temperatures are increasing in many streams and rivers throughout the US. We analyzed historical records from 40 sites and found that 20 major streams and rivers have shown statistically significant, long-term warming. Annual mean water temperatures increased by 0.009-0.077 degrees C yr(-1), and rates of warming were most rapid in, but not confined to, urbanizing areas. Long-term increases in stream water temperatures were typically correlated with increases in air temperatures. If stream temperatures were to continue to increase at current rates, due to global warming and urbanization, this could have important effects on eutrophication, ecosystem processes such as biological productivity and stream metabolism, contaminant toxicity, and loss of aquatic biodiversity. C1 [Kaushal, Sujay S.; Sides, Ashley M.; Secor, David H.; Wingate, Rebecca L.] Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. [Likens, Gene E.; Pace, Michael L.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY USA. [Jaworski, Norbert A.] US EPA, Sanford, FL USA. [Seekell, David] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT USA. [Belt, Kenneth T.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Baltimore, MD USA. [Belt, Kenneth T.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. RP Kaushal, SS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. EM kaushal@cbl.umces.edu RI Secor, D/D-4367-2012; Kaushal, Sujay/G-1062-2013; OI Secor, D/0000-0001-6007-4827; Kaushal, Sujay/0000-0003-0834-9189; Pace, Michael/0000-0001-5945-6131 FU NSF [DBI 0640300, DEB 0454001]; Maryland Sea Grant [SA7528085-U]; NSF LTER [DEB-9714835] FX M Palmer provided helpful comments. Research was supported by NSF DBI 0640300, Maryland Sea Grant SA7528085-U, NSF LTER DEB-9714835, NSF DEB 0454001. Data were provided by: J Cole and MLP (Hudson River), GEL (NSF supported LTER and LTREB at HBEF), NAJ (Potomac River), KTB (BES LTER), W Stack (Gun Powder and Patapsco River), DHS and RLW (Patuxent River), and all additional sites (USGS). D Buso assisted with and managed field measurements at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest. R Utz provided watershed information. This paper is scientific contribution number 4338 from the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. NR 21 TC 181 Z9 185 U1 5 U2 95 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1540-9295 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 8 IS 9 BP 461 EP 466 DI 10.1890/090037 PG 6 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 679KG UT WOS:000284159700016 ER PT J AU Van Emon, JM AF Van Emon, Jeanette M. TI Bioanalytical Methods for Food Contaminant Analysis SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; INDIRECT COMPETITIVE IMMUNOASSAY; PRESSURIZED LIQUID EXTRACTION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; BIOSENSOR IMMUNOASSAY; ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; PESTICIDE-RESIDUES; QUANTUM DOTS; DIET SAMPLES AB Foods are complex mixtures of lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, organic compounds, and other naturally occurring substances. Sometimes added to this mixture are residues of pesticides, veterinary and human drugs, microbial toxins, preservatives, contaminants from food processing and packaging, and other residues. This milieu of compounds can pose difficulties in the analysis of food contaminants. There is an expanding need for rapid and cost-effective residue methods for difficult food matrixes to safeguard our food supply. Bioanalytical methods are established for many food contaminants such as mycotoxins and are the method of choice for many food allergens. Bioanalytical methods are often more cost-effective and sensitive than instrumental procedures. Recent developments in bioanalytical methods may provide more applications for their use in food analysis. C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Methods Dev & Applicat Branch, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Van Emon, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Methods Dev & Applicat Branch, POB 93478, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. EM vanemon.jeanette@epa.gov NR 103 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 12 PU AOAC INT PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 N FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 EI 1944-7922 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD NOV-DEC PY 2010 VL 93 IS 6 BP 1681 EP 1691 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 705RW UT WOS:000286156600002 PM 21313795 ER PT J AU Mirghani, BY Tryby, ME Ranjithan, RS Karonis, NT Mahinthakumar, KG AF Mirghani, Baha Y. Tryby, Michael E. Ranjithan, Ranji S. Karonis, Nicholas T. Mahinthakumar, Kumar G. TI Grid-Enabled Simulation-Optimization Framework for Environmental Characterization SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTING IN CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Simulation models ID GROUNDWATER INVERSE PROBLEMS; IMPLEMENTATION; ALGORITHM AB Many engineering and environmental problems that involve the determination of unknown system characteristics from observation data can be categorized as inverse problems. A common approach undertaken to solve such problems is the simulation-optimization approach where simulation models are coupled with optimization or search methods. Simulation-optimization approaches, particularly in environmental characterization involving natural systems, are computationally expensive due to the complex three-dimensional simulation models required to represent these systems and the large number of such simulations involved. Emerging grid computing environments (e.g., TeraGrid) show promise for improving the computational tractability of these approaches. However, harnessing grid resources for most computational applications is a nontrivial problem due to the complex hierarchy of heterogeneous and geographically distributed resources involved in a grid. This paper reports and discusses the development and evaluation of a grid-enabled simulation-optimization framework for solving environmental characterization problems. The framework is designed in a modular fashion that simplifies coupling with simulation model executables, allowing application of simulation-optimization approaches across problem domains. The framework architecture utilizes standard communications protocols and the message passing interface with an application programming interface to establish a connection between a centralized search application and simulation models running on TeraGrid resources. Sets of performance and scalability results for solving a groundwater source history reconstruction (SHR) problem are presented. The results show that for a given set of resources, parameters controlling the granularity at various levels of parallelism play an important role in the overall parallel performance. A production run for solving the SHR problem using three geographically distributed grid resources indicates that even in a cross-site grid environment a factor of 90 speedup is possible using 140 computer processors. C1 [Ranjithan, Ranji S.; Mahinthakumar, Kumar G.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Civil Construct & Environm Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Mirghani, Baha Y.] Brown & Caldwell, Union Pk Ctr 6955, Midvale, UT 84047 USA. [Tryby, Michael E.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Karonis, Nicholas T.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Comp Sci, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Karonis, Nicholas T.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Mahinthakumar, KG (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Civil Construct & Environm Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM bahamirghani@gmail.com; trybymichael@epa.gov; ranji@ncsu.edu; karonis@niu.edu; gmkumar@ncsu.edu FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [BES-0238623, BES-0312841, ANI-0222983, ANI-0330664, SCI-0503697] FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant Nos. BES-0238623, BES-0312841, ANI-0222983, ANI-0330664, and SCI-0503697. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the writers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. The writers would also like to acknowledge NSF TeraGrid sites at National Center for Supercomputing Applications, San Diego Supercomputing Center, and Argonne National Laboratory for providing the resources needed for this paper. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0887-3801 EI 1943-5487 J9 J COMPUT CIVIL ENG JI J. Comput. Civil. Eng. PD NOV-DEC PY 2010 VL 24 IS 6 BP 488 EP 498 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)CP.1943-5487.0000052 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Civil SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 667LR UT WOS:000283195300004 ER PT J AU Walker, MP DiAugustine, RP Zeringue, E Bunger, MK Schmitt, M Archer, TK Richards, RG AF Walker, Michael P. DiAugustine, Richard P. Zeringue, Ernest Bunger, Maureen K. Schmitt, Martina Archer, Trevor K. Richards, R. Gregg TI An IGF1/insulin receptor substrate-1 pathway stimulates a mitotic kinase (cdk1) in the uterine epithelium during the proliferative response to estradiol SO JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES; FACTOR-I RECEPTOR; CELL-CYCLE; GROWTH-FACTOR; HISTONE H1; M-PHASE; TARGETED DISRUPTION; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; NULL MUTATION; RAT UTERUS AB Estrogens are potent mitogens for some target organs, such as the uterus, and cancers that develop in this organ might be linked to the proliferative action of these hormones. However, the mechanism by which estrogens influence the cell cycle machinery is not known. We found that a null mutation for the insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1, a docking protein that is important for IGF1 signaling, compromised hormone-induced mitosis in the uterine epithelium; BrdU incorporation was not affected. This selective effect on mitosis was associated with a reduction in uterine cyclin B-associated kinase activity; cyclin A-associated kinase activity was not changed. The null mutation also reduced the extent of hormone-induced phosphorylation of endogenous uterine histone H1, as determined with phospho-specific antiserum. Uterine epithelial cyclin dependent kinase (cdk)1 was induced in response to hormone, but the level of the kinase protein, as determined by immunoblotting, was noticeably less in the irs1 null mutant than that in the wild-type (WT) mouse, especially around the time of peak mitosis (24 h). Since IRS-1 binds/activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), the absence of this docking protein could impair signaling of a known pathway downstream of AKT that stimulates translation of cell cycle components. Indeed, we found that phosphorylation of uterine AKT (Ser473) in irs1 null mutants was less than that in WTs following treatment. Based on earlier studies, it is also possible that an IGF1/IRS-1/PI3K/AKT pathway regulates posttranslational changes in cdk1. This model may provide insights as to how a growth factor pathway can mediate hormone action on cell proliferation. Journal of Endocrinology (2010) 207, 225-235 C1 [Walker, Michael P.; DiAugustine, Richard P.; Zeringue, Ernest; Bunger, Maureen K.; Schmitt, Martina; Archer, Trevor K.; Richards, R. Gregg] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Carcinogenesis Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Archer, TK (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Carcinogenesis Lab, NIH, Mail Drop D4-01,POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM archer1@niehs.nih.gov FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH [Z01 ES071006-09] FX This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH; project number Z01 ES071006-09. NR 56 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOSCIENTIFICA LTD PI BRISTOL PA EURO HOUSE, 22 APEX COURT WOODLANDS, BRADLEY STOKE, BRISTOL BS32 4JT, ENGLAND SN 0022-0795 J9 J ENDOCRINOL JI J. Endocrinol. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 207 IS 2 BP 225 EP 235 DI 10.1677/JOE-10-0102 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 662RH UT WOS:000282828700011 PM 20798132 ER PT J AU Grant, LD AF Grant, Lester D. TI Getting the lead out: important exposure science contributions SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material AB Lead is a highly useful metal, but it has long been feared because of the risks it poses to human health. The characterization of human lead-exposure pathways and internal lead burdens is an important exposure science advance that has contributed to an impressive public health success story that is not yet finished. C1 [Grant, Lester D.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, RTP Div, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM ldgrant27517@yahoo.com NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2010 VL 20 IS 7 BP 577 EP 578 DI 10.1038/jes.2010.47 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 667CO UT WOS:000283170400003 PM 20959833 ER PT J AU Anderson, CR Sapiano, MRP Prasad, MBK Long, W Tango, PJ Brown, CW Murtugudde, R AF Anderson, Clarissa R. Sapiano, Mathew R. P. Prasad, M. Bala Krishna Long, Wen Tango, Peter J. Brown, Christopher W. Murtugudde, Raghu TI Predicting potentially toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia blooms in the Chesapeake Bay SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Algal blooms; Domoic acid; Amnesic shellfish poisoning; Diatoms; Prediction; Regression analysis; Chesapeake Bay ID HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS; GULF-OF-MEXICO; DOMOIC ACID PRODUCTION; PHYSICAL-BIOLOGICAL MODEL; NORTH PACIFIC-OCEAN; KARENIA-BREVIS; AUSTRALIS BACILLARIOPHYCEAE; ENVIRONMENTAL-CONDITIONS; SILICATE LIMITATION; ECOSYSTEM MODEL AB Harmful algal blooms are now recognized as a significant threat to the Chesapeake Bay as they can severely compromise the economic viability of important recreational and commercial fisheries in the largest estuary of the United States This study describes the development of empirical models for the potentially domoic acid producing Pseudo-nitzschia species complex present in the Bay developed from a 22-year time series of cell abundance and concurrent measurements of hydrographic and chemical properties Using a logistic Generalized Linear Model (GLM) approach model parameters and performance were compared over a range of Pseudo nitzschia bloom thresholds relevant to toxin production by different species Small threshold blooms (>= 10cells mL(-1)) are explained by time of year location and variability in surface values of phosphate temperature nitrate plus nitrite and freshwater discharge Medium (100 cells mL(-1)) to large-threshold (1000 cells mL(-1)) blooms are further explained by salinity silicic acid dissolved organic carbon and light attenuation (Secchi) depth These predictors are similar to other models for Pseudo nitzschia blooms on the west coast suggesting commonalities across ecosystems Hindcasts of bloom probabilities at a 19% bloom prediction point yield a Heidke Skill Score of similar to 53% a Probability of Detection similar to 75% a False Alarm Ratio of similar to 52% and a Probability of False Detection similar to 9% The implication of possible future changes in Baywide nutrient stoichiometry on Pseudo-nitzschia blooms is discussed (C) 2010 Elsevier BV All rights reserved C1 [Anderson, Clarissa R.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ocean Sci Dept, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Anderson, Clarissa R.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Sapiano, Mathew R. P.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Sapiano, Mathew R. P.] Univ Maryland, ESSIC, CICS, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Long, Wen] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Horn Point Lab, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA. [Tango, Peter J.] US Environm Protect Agcy, US Geol Survey, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. [Brown, Christopher W.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, CICS, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Anderson, CR (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ocean Sci Dept, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RI Brown, Christopher/B-8213-2008 OI Brown, Christopher/0000-0002-9905-6391 FU National Research Council; NOAA National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service (NESDIS) FX This study was funded by a National Research Council postdoctoral fellowship to C R.A. sponsored by the NOAA National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service (NESDIS) with additional support from NOAA MERHAB Award (PI CW B) and the Chesapeake Bay Forecasting System project (PI It M) The authors gratefully acknowledge the Maryland Department of Natural Resources and USEPA Chesapeake Bay Program for contributing monitoring data and we are especially appreciative of the technical assistance provided by J Johnson B Cole M Naylor W Butler B Wind M Baith and J Beauchamps J lane D McGillicuddy and several anonymous reviewers provided comments which greatly improved the paper We give special thanks to A. Thessen for her innovative work on Pseudo-nitzschia ecophysiology in the Chesapeake Bay and for significant input to this manuscript NR 108 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 8 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-7963 J9 J MARINE SYST JI J. Mar. Syst. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 83 IS 3-4 SI SI BP 127 EP 140 DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2010.04.003 PG 14 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 679SF UT WOS:000284180400004 ER PT J AU Koutros, S Alavanja, MCR Lubin, JH Sandler, DP Hoppin, JA Lynch, CF Knott, C Blair, A Freeman, LEB AF Koutros, Stella Alavanja, Michael C. R. Lubin, Jay H. Sandler, Dale P. Hoppin, Jane A. Lynch, Charles F. Knott, Charles Blair, Aaron Freeman, Laura E. Beane TI An Update of Cancer Incidence in the Agricultural Health Study SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FARMER PESTICIDE APPLICATORS; NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; B-CELL LYMPHOMA; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; LUNG-CANCER; PROSTATE-CANCER; CUTANEOUS MELANOMA; MULTIPLE-MYELOMA; LIP CANCER AB Objective: Our objective is to reevaluate cancer incidence among Agricultural Health Study participants. Methods: Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and relative standardized ratios were calculated. Results: A significant excess of prostate cancer was seen for private and commercial applicators (SIR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.14, 1.25 and SIR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.00, 1.61, respectively). Excesses were observed for lip cancer (SIR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.02, 3.44) and multiple myeloma (SIR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.00, 1.95) among private applicators from North Carolina and for marginal zone lymphoma among Iowa spouses (SIR = 2.34, 95% CI = 1.21, 4.09). Conclusions: Although lower rates of smoking and increased physical activity probably contribute to the lower overall cancer incidence, agricultural exposures including pesticides, viruses, bacteria, sunlight, and other chemicals may increase risks for specific cancer sites. C1 [Koutros, Stella] NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Sandler, Dale P.; Hoppin, Jane A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Lynch, Charles F.] Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Iowa City, IA USA. [Knott, Charles] Battelle Mem Inst, Durham, NC USA. RP Koutros, S (reprint author), NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, 6120 Execut Blvd,EPS 8115,MSC 7240, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM koutross@mail.nih.gov OI Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018 FU NIH, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics [Z01CP010119]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01ES049030] FX This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (Z01CP010119) and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01ES049030). NR 71 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 52 IS 11 BP 1098 EP 1105 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e3181f72b7c PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 678GD UT WOS:000284061200006 PM 21063187 ER PT J AU Chow, JC Watson, JG Green, MC Frank, NH AF Chow, Judith C. Watson, John G. Green, Mark C. Frank, Neil H. TI Filter Light Attenuation as a Surrogate for Elemental Carbon SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID INTEGRATING PLATE METHOD; AIR-QUALITY STANDARDS; BLACK CARBON; ABSORPTION-MEASUREMENTS; FRESNO SUPERSITE; IMPROVE NETWORK; ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACT; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; INDEPENDENT ANALYSIS; OPTICAL-ABSORPTION AB Light attenuation (b(att)) measured from filter light transmission is compared with elemental carbon (EC) measurements for more than 180,000 collocated PM2.5 (particulate matter [PM] <= 2.5 mu m in aerodynamic diameter) and PM, (PM <= 10 mu m in aerodynamic diameter) samples from nearly 200 U.S. locations during the past 2 decades. Although there are theoretical reasons for expecting highly variable relationships between b(att) and EC (such as the effects of "brown carbon" and iron oxides in PM2.5), reasonable correlations are found. These correlations are not a strong function of season or location (e.g., rural vs. urban). Median EC concentrations can be predicted from filter transmittance measurements to within +/- 15-30%. Although EC predicted from b(att) shows larger uncertainties (30-60%), especially at concentrations less than 0.3 mu g/m(3), the consistent mass absorption efficiency (sigma(att)) derived from the regression analysis demonstrates the feasibility of using b(att) as a surrogate for EC. This study demonstrates that a constant factor of 0.1 g/m(2) (equivalent to the 10 m(2)/g sigma(att) used in the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments chemical extinction formula) can be used to estimate EC concentrations from bat, through a Teflon-membrane filter sample. Greater accuracy is achieved with site-specific sigma(att) derived from a period with collocated EC measurements. C1 [Chow, Judith C.; Watson, John G.; Green, Mark C.] Desert Res Inst, Div Atmospher Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA. Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Earth Environm, Aerosol & Environm Div, Xian, Peoples R China. [Frank, Neil H.] US EPA, Air Qual Assessment Div, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Chow, JC (reprint author), Desert Res Inst, Div Atmospher Sci, 2215 Raggio Pkwy, Reno, NV 89512 USA. EM judyc@dri.edu RI Watson, John/E-6869-2010 OI Watson, John/0000-0002-1752-6899 FU EPA/National Park Service [T2350086187] FX This work was partially supported by the EPA/National Park Service task number T2350086187. The authors thank Ms. Jo Gerrard for her assistance in assembling and editing the paper. The information expressed in this paper does not necessarily reflect the policies of EPA. NR 79 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 26 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1096-2247 EI 2162-2906 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 60 IS 11 BP 1365 EP 1375 DI 10.3155/1047-3289.60.11.1365 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 677EL UT WOS:000283971800009 PM 21141430 ER PT J AU Fulper, CR Kishan, S Baldauf, RW Sabisch, M Warila, J Fujita, EM Scarbro, C Crews, WS Snow, R Gabele, P Santos, R Tierney, E Cantrell, B AF Fulper, Carl R. Kishan, Sandeep Baldauf, Richard W. Sabisch, Michael Warila, Jim Fujita, Eric M. Scarbro, Carl Crews, William S. Snow, Richard Gabele, Peter Santos, Robert Tierney, Eugene Cantrell, Bruce TI Methods of Characterizing the Distribution of Exhaust Emissions from Light-Duty, Gasoline-Powered Motor Vehicles in the U.S. Fleet SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID AIR-POLLUTION SOURCES; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; DIESEL TRUCKS; AEROSOL; TRACERS AB Mobile sources significantly contribute to ambient concentrations of airborne particulate matter (PM). Source apportionment studies for PM(10) (PM <= 10 mu m in aerodynamic diameter) and PM(2.5) (PM <= 2.5 mu m in aerodynamic diameter) indicate that mobile sources can be responsible for over half of the ambient PM measured in an urban area. Recent source apportionment studies attempted to differentiate between contributions from gasoline and diesel motor vehicle combustion. Several source apportionment studies conducted in the United States suggested that gasoline combustion from mobile sources contributed more to ambient PM than diesel combustion. However, existing emission inventories for the United States indicated that diesels contribute more than gasoline vehicles to ambient PM concentrations. A comprehensive testing program was initiated in the Kansas City metropolitan area to measure PM emissions in the light-duty, gasoline-powered, on-road mobile source fleet to provide data for PM inventory and emissions modeling. The vehicle recruitment design produced a sample that could represent the regional fleet, and by extension, the national fleet. All vehicles were recruited from a stratified sample on the basis of vehicle class (car, truck) and model-year group. The pool of available vehicles was drawn primarily from a sample of vehicle owners designed to represent the selected demographic and geographic characteristics of the Kansas City population. Emissions testing utilized a portable, light-duty chassis dynamometer with vehicles tested using the LA-92 driving cycle, on-board emissions measurement systems, and remote sensing devices. Particulate mass emissions were the focus of the study, with continuous and integrated samples collected. In addition, sample analyses included criteria gases (carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitric oxide/nitrogen dioxide, hydrocarbons), air toxics (speciated volatile organic compounds), and PM constituents (elemental/organic carbon, metals, semi-volatile organic compounds). Results indicated that PM emissions from the in-use fleet varied by up to 3 orders of magnitude, with emissions generally increasing for older model-year vehicles. The study also identified a strong influence of ambient temperature on vehicle PM mass emissions, with rates increasing with decreasing temperatures. C1 [Baldauf, Richard W.; Gabele, Peter] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Fulper, Carl R.; Baldauf, Richard W.; Warila, Jim; Scarbro, Carl; Tierney, Eugene; Cantrell, Bruce] US EPA, Natl Vehicle & Fuel Emiss Lab, Off Transportat & Air Qual, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Kishan, Sandeep; Sabisch, Michael] Eastern Res Grp, Austin, TX USA. [Fujita, Eric M.] Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89506 USA. [Crews, William S.; Snow, Richard] Bevilaqua Knight Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Santos, Robert] NuStats, Austin, TX USA. RP Baldauf, RW (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM baldauf.richard@epa.gov NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 20 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 60 IS 11 BP 1376 EP 1387 DI 10.3155/1047-3289.60.11.1376 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 677EL UT WOS:000283971800010 PM 21141431 ER PT J AU Kleindienst, TE Lewandowski, M Offenberg, JH Edney, EO Jaoui, M Zheng, M Ding, XA Edgerton, ES AF Kleindienst, Tadeusz E. Lewandowski, Michael Offenberg, John H. Edney, Edward O. Jaoui, Mohammed Zheng, Mei Ding, Xiang Edgerton, Eric S. TI Contribution of Primary and Secondary Sources to Organic Aerosol and PM2.5 at SEARCH Network Sites SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID AIR-POLLUTION SOURCES; UNITED-STATES; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; PARTICULATE MATTER; HYDROXYL-GROUPS; EMISSIONS; CARBON; QUANTIFICATION; IDENTIFICATION; COMBUSTION AB Chemical tracer methods for determining contributions to primary organic aerosol (POA) are fairly well established, whereas similar techniques for secondary organic aerosol (SOA), inherently complicated by time-dependent atmospheric processes, are only beginning to be studied. Laboratory chamber experiments provide insights into the precursors of SOA, but field data must be used to test the approaches. This study investigates primary and secondary sources of organic carbon (OC) and determines their mass contribution to particulate matter 2.5 mu m or less in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) in Southeastern Aerosol Research and Characterization (SEARCH) network samples. Filter samples were taken during 20 24-hr periods between May and August 2005 at SEARCH sites in Atlanta, GA (JST); Birmingham, AL (BHM); Centerville, AL (CTR); and Pensacola, FL (PNS) and analyzed for organic tracers by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Contribution to primary OC was made using a chemical mass balance method and to secondary OC using a mass fraction method. Aerosol masses were reconstructed from the contributions of POA, SOA, elemental carbon, inorganic ions (sulfate [SO42-], nitrate [NO3-], ammonium [NH4+]), metals, and metal oxides and compared with the measured PM2.5. From the analysis, OC contributions from seven primary sources and four secondary sources were determined. The major primary sources of carbon were from wood combustion, diesel and gasoline exhaust, and meat cooking; major secondary sources were from isoprene and monoterpenes with minor contributions from toluene and beta-caryophyllene SOA. Mass concentrations at the four sites were determined using source-specific organic mass (OM)-to-OC ratios and gave values in the range of 12-42 mu g m(-3). Reconstructed masses at three of the sites (JST, CTR, PNS) ranged from 87 to 91% of the measured PM2.5 mass. The reconstructed mass at the BHM site exceeded the measured mass by approximately 25%. The difference between the reconstructed and measured PM2.5 mass for nonindustrial areas is consistent with not including aerosol liquid water or other sources of organic aerosol. C1 [Kleindienst, Tadeusz E.; Lewandowski, Michael; Offenberg, John H.; Edney, Edward O.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Jaoui, Mohammed] Alion Sci & Technol, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Zheng, Mei; Ding, Xiang] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Edgerton, Eric S.] Atmospher Res & Anal Inc, Cary, NC USA. RP Kleindienst, TE (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Mail Drop D 205-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM kleindienst.tad@epa.gov RI Offenberg, John/C-3787-2009; Wang, Linden/M-6617-2014; Ding, Xiang/C-7018-2012 OI Offenberg, John/0000-0002-0213-4024; Ding, Xiang/0000-0002-1218-1879 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP-D-05-065]; Southern Company FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and collaborated in the research described here under contract EP-D-05-065 to Alion Science and Technology. The manuscript is subjected to external peer review and has been cleared for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation for use. The Southern Company also provided funding for this study. The authors thank Professor James J. Schauer (University of Wisconsin-Madison) for help with the quantification standards for primary tracers and the SEARCH field group for their assistance with sample collection. NR 42 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 44 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1096-2247 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 60 IS 11 BP 1388 EP 1399 DI 10.3155/1047-3289.60.11.1388 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 677EL UT WOS:000283971800011 PM 21141432 ER PT J AU Phillips, PM Jarema, KA Kurtz, DM MacPhail, RC AF Phillips, Pamela M. Jarema, Kimberly A. Kurtz, David M. MacPhail, Robert C. TI An Observational Assessment Method for Aging Laboratory Rats SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID POPULATION; MOUSE AB The rapid growth of the aging human population highlights the need for laboratory animal models to study the basic biologic processes of aging and susceptibility to disease, drugs, and environmental pollutants Methods are needed to evaluate the health of aging animals over time, particularly methods for efficiently monitoring large research colonies Here we describe an observational assessment method that scores appearance, posture, mobility, and muscle tone on a 5-point scale that can be completed in about 1 min A score of 1 indicates no deterioration, whereas a score of 5 indicates severe deterioration Tests were applied to male Brown Norway rats between 12 and 36 mo of age (n = 32) The rats were participating concurrently in experiments on the behavioral effects of intermittent exposure (approximately every 4 mo) to short-acting environmental chemicals Results demonstrated that aging-related signs of deterioration did not appear before 18 mo of age Assessment scores and variability then increased with age Body weights increased until approximately 24 mo, then remained stable, but decreased after 31 mo for the few remaining rats The incidence of death increased slightly from 20 to 28 mo of age and then rose sharply, median survival age was approximately 30 mo, with a maximum of 36 mo The results indicate that our observational assessment method supports efficient monitoring of the health of aging rats and may be useful in studies on susceptibility to diseases, drugs, and toxicants during old age C1 [Phillips, Pamela M.; Jarema, Kimberly A.; MacPhail, Robert C.] US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kurtz, David M.] Expt Pathol Labs, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP MacPhail, RC (reprint author), US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 49 IS 6 BP 792 EP 799 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 687PZ UT WOS:000284791700001 PM 21205442 ER PT J AU Hart, WE Murray, R AF Hart, William E. Murray, Regan TI Review of Sensor Placement Strategies for Contamination Warning Systems in Drinking Water Distribution Systems SO JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Optimization; Drinking water; Security; Sensors ID DETECTING ACCIDENTAL CONTAMINATIONS; MONITORING STATIONS; DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS; IMPERFECT SENSORS; OPTIMIZATION; QUALITY; DESIGN; MODELS; ALGORITHMS; SECURITY AB Contamination warning systems (CWSs) are a promising approach for the mitigation of contamination risks in drinking water distribution systems. A critical aspect of the design of a CWS is the strategic placement of online sensors that rapidly detect contaminants. This paper reviews the array of optimization-based sensor placement strategies that have been recently proposed. These strategies are critiqued and several key issues are identified that need to be addressed in future work. C1 [Hart, William E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Murray, Regan] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Hart, WE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM wehart@sandia.gov; Murray.Regan@epa.gov FU U.S. EPA through its Office of Research and Development [DW8992192801]; DOE, Sandia National Laboratories; U.S. DOE's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The U.S. EPA through its Office of Research and Development funded and collaborated in the research described here under Interagency Agreement No. DW8992192801 with the DOE, Sandia National Laboratories. This paper has been subjected to the Agency's review and has been approved for publication. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. DOE's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the Agency, the U.S. Government, or the Sandia Corporation. NR 87 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 2 U2 33 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9496 J9 J WATER RES PL-ASCE JI J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage.-ASCE PD NOV-DEC PY 2010 VL 136 IS 6 BP 611 EP 619 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000081 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 670HK UT WOS:000283411600002 ER PT J AU Tryby, ME Propato, M Ranjithan, SR AF Tryby, Michael E. Propato, Marco Ranjithan, S. Ranji TI Monitoring Design for Source Identification in Water Distribution Systems SO JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Source identification; Monitoring design; Inverse problem; Experimental design; Water distribution systems; Water infrastructure security; Genetic algorithm; Optimization ID SENSOR PLACEMENT; DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS; BOOSTER DISINFECTION; CONTAMINATION; STATIONS; MODEL; OPTIMIZATION; ALGORITHM; QUALITY; OUTPUT AB The design of sensor networks for monitoring contaminants in water distribution systems is currently an active area of research. Much of the effort has been directed at the contamination detection problem and the expression of public health protection objectives. Monitoring networks once they are in place, however, are likely to be used to gather monitoring data for source inversion as well. Thus, the design of these networks with the unique objectives associated with source inversion problems in mind is a necessity. Source inversion problems in water distribution systems are inherently underdetermined and exhibit solution nonuniqueness; and moreover, the structure of the errors associated with a solution are a function of monitoring observations. Optimal inverse experiment design is investigated as an approach for improving solution quality. The approach involves the selection of monitoring locations that are best suited to the generation of a well-conditioned source identification inverse problem. The monitoring design problem is formulated as a nonlinear combinatorial optimization problem and solved using a genetic algorithm. The monitoring designs generated exhibit an optimal substructure that may be exploited to develop more efficient methods of solution. An analysis is conducted to evaluate the source inversion performance of an optimized monitoring network relative to networks designed using different methods. The results of the analysis demonstrate that when the source identification problem is underdetermined, the number of monitoring sensors installed in the network is more important than the method used to locate them. C1 [Tryby, Michael E.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, NERL, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Propato, Marco] Cemagref, UR REBX, F-33612 Cestas, France. [Ranjithan, S. Ranji] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Civil Construct & Environm Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Tryby, ME (reprint author), US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, NERL, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Tryby.Michael@epa.gov FU National Science Foundation [BES-0238623] FX This work was partially funded under National Science Foundation Grant No. BES-0238623. The writers would like to thank Dr. G. Mahinthakumar and his students for sharing the computational resources that made the analyses conducted possible. The content of this paper has undergone U.S. Environmental Protection Agency internal review. This, however, does not imply official endorsement of the views expressed herein. NR 35 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 9 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9496 J9 J WATER RES PL-ASCE JI J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage.-ASCE PD NOV-DEC PY 2010 VL 136 IS 6 BP 637 EP 646 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000080 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 670HK UT WOS:000283411600005 ER PT J AU Cannon, CZ Kissling, GE Hoenerhoff, MJ King-Herbert, AP Blankenship-Paris, T AF Cannon, Coralie Zegre Kissling, Grace E. Hoenerhoff, Mark J. King-Herbert, Angela P. Blankenship-Paris, Terry TI Evaluation of dosages and routes of administration of tramadol analgesia in rats using hot-plate and tail-flick tests SO LAB ANIMAL LA English DT Article ID TRANS-O-DEMETHYLTRAMADOL; ACTIVE METABOLITE; IN-VITRO; PAIN; MODEL; EFFICACY; BUPRENORPHINE; MORPHINE; MOUSE; PHARMACOKINETICS AB Tramadol is an opioid-Like analgesic with relatively mild side effects. Because it is inexpensive and is not classified as a controlled substance by the US federal government, the authors wanted to evaluate its applicability as a practical and effective analgesic in male Sprague Dawley rats. They measured the efficacy of four dosages (4, 12.5, 25 or 50 mg tramadol per kg body weight) and three routes of administration (per os (p.o.) in a flavored gelatin cube, subcutaneous (s.c.) or intraperitoneal (i.p.)) using the hot-plate test and the tail-flick test, which were carried out 1 week apart. Rats that were dosed p.o. were given flavored gelatin cubes without tramadol on the 2 d before testing to help them become acclimated to the gelatin, in an effort to increase the likelihood that they would consume the gelatin on the testing day. Results from the hot-plate and tail-flick tests for rats that were given tramadol p.o. were similar before and after administration, regardless of tramadol dosage, suggesting that this route of administration was not effective. The s.c. route of administration was effective at dosages of 25 mg and 50 mg tramadol per kg body weight, although these dosages also resulted in sedation and skin lesions. The i.p. route of administration was also effective at dosages of 12.5 mg, 25 mg and 50 mg tramadol per kg body weight, though sedation was observed at dosages of 25 mg and 50 mg per kg body weight. Intraperitoneal administration of 12.5 mg tramadol per kg body weight had no notable side effects, and the authors plan to further study this dosage and route of administration in a rodent surgical model of pain. C1 [Cannon, Coralie Zegre; Hoenerhoff, Mark J.; King-Herbert, Angela P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Cellular & Mol Pathol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Kissling, Grace E.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Blankenship-Paris, Terry] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Comparat Med Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Cannon, CZ (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Cellular & Mol Pathol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM cannonc@niehs.nih.gov FU National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX We thank Danielle Waxer, Page Myers, James Clark, Sandy Hackney, Jenetta Jackson and Keisha Chavis for their assistance and support of the research and care of the animals. We thank Dr. Larry Wright for assistance in literature evaluation. We thank Dr. Sheryl Moy, Dr. Greg Travlos and Dr. Gregory Cannon for their extensive reviews of the manuscript. This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 47 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 12 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0093-7355 J9 LAB ANIMAL JI Lab Anim. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 39 IS 11 BP 342 EP 351 PG 12 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 674RR UT WOS:000283766100011 PM 20962760 ER PT J AU Schipper, CA Rietjens, IMCM Burgess, RM Murk, AJ AF Schipper, C. A. Rietjens, I. M. C. M. Burgess, R. M. Murk, A. J. TI Application of bioassays in toxicological hazard, risk and impact assessments of dredged sediments SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE In vitro; In vivo; Bioassay; Hazard and risk assessment; Dredged sediment; Dioxins; TBT; Licensing system ID IN-VITRO BIOASSAY; POLYHALOGENATED AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; MARINE HARBOR SEDIMENTS; DIOXIN-LIKE COMPOUNDS; REPORTER GENE ASSAYS; NORTH-SEA; ESTROGENIC ACTIVITY; EXPRESSION CALUX; DUTCH MARINE; LUTRA-LUTRA AB Given the potential environmental consequences of dumped dredged harbour sediments it is vital to establish the potential risks from exposure before disposal at sea. Currently, European legislation for disposal of contaminated sediments at sea is based on chemical analysis of a limited number of well-known contaminants for which maximum acceptable concentrations, action levels (ALs), have been set. The present paper addresses the issue of the applicability of in vitro and in vivo bioassays for hazard, risk and local impact assessment of dredged polluted sediments to be disposed of at sea. It discusses how and to what extent selected bioassays can fill in the gaps left open by chemical analysis and the way in which the bioassays may contribute to the present licensing system for disposal. Three different purposes for application were distinguished: the most basic application (A) is a rapid determination of the hazard (potential toxicity) of dredged sediments which is then compared to ALs in a licensing system. As with chemical analysis on whole sediment extracts, the bioavailability of the chemicals is not taken into account. As in vitro assays with sediment extracts are not sensitive to matrix effects, a selection of specific in vitro bioassays can be suitable fast and standardized additions for the licensing system. When the outcome of (A) does not convincingly demonstrate whether the sediment is clean enough or too polluted, further bioanalysis can help the decision making process (B). More aspects of the mostly unknown complex chemical mixtures are taken into account, including the bioavailability and chronic toxicity focusing on ecologically relevant endpoints. The ecotoxicological pressure imposed by the dredged sediments can be quantified as the potentially affected fraction (PAF) based on chemical or biological analysis of levels of contaminants in sediment or biota. To validate the predicted risk, the actual impact of dumped harbour sediments on local ecosystems (C) can be determined using a dedicated set of in vitro and in vivo bioassays as well as bio-indicators selected based on the information obtained from (A) and (B) and on the characteristics of the local ecosystem. Conversely, the local sediment impact assessment (C) can direct fine-tuning of the selection of chemical and bioassay analyses and for setting safe levels in the licensing system. It is concluded that in vitro and in vivo bioassays and biological indicators are useful tools in the process of hazard, ecotoxicological risk and impact assessment of dredged harbour sediments, provided they are consciously chosen and quality criteria for assay performance are defined. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Schipper, C. A.] Deltares, NL-2600 MH Delft, Netherlands. [Rietjens, I. M. C. M.; Murk, A. J.] Wageningen Univ, Toxicol Sect, NL-6700 EA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Burgess, R. M.] US EPA, ORD NHEERL, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Murk, A. J.] Wageningen Imares, NL-1970 AB Ijmuiden, Netherlands. RP Schipper, CA (reprint author), Deltares, POB 177, NL-2600 MH Delft, Netherlands. EM cor.schipper@deltares.nl OI Rietjens, Ivonne/0000-0003-1894-3544 FU Directorate-General of Public Works and Water Management (Rijkswaterstaat, RWS) FX We would like to acknowledge the valuable contribution in terms of financial support made by the Directorate-General of Public Works and Water Management (Rijkswaterstaat, RWS). The authors wish to thank Gmelig Meyling (Stichting ANEMOON), Klaas Kaag (IMARES) and Johan Jol (IMARES) for their invaluable support in conducting the fieldwork. This paper benefited greatly from the input of colleagues at RWS including Hans Klamer, Martine van den Heuvel-Greve (Deltares), and Jos van Gils (Deltares). We are grateful to Dick de Zwart (RIVM) and Lou Verhage (Deltares) for their support on the msPAF calculations and Pim Leonards (IVM) for the analysis of the seal samples. We would like to thank both reviewers for their time devoted to our manuscript since we feel their comments helped to improve the scientific quality of the manuscript. NR 110 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 26 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 60 IS 11 BP 2026 EP 2042 DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.07.018 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 685YA UT WOS:000284662800025 PM 20850157 ER PT J AU Sturza, J AF Sturza, Julie TI A Review and Meta-Analysis of Utility Values for Lung Cancer SO MEDICAL DECISION MAKING LA English DT Review DE cost utility analysis; randomized trial methodology; risk stratification; population-based studies; scale development/validation ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; DECISION-ANALYSIS; PALLIATIVE RADIOTHERAPY; PATIENTS PERCEPTIONS; ECONOMIC-EVALUATION; HEALTH STATES; PREFERENCES; OUTCOMES; DISEASE AB Background. Published utility estimates for lung cancer are plentiful and vary greatly. The reason for this variability is unclear, but may result from differences in the methods used to elicit each utility. Purpose. To identify a set of pooled lung cancer utility estimates reflective of the available literature and determine which methodological factors significantly influence the value of lung cancer utility. Data Sources. Searches of PubMed, the NHS Economic Evaluation Database, and the Cost Effectiveness Analysis Registry from the Center for the Evaluation of Value and Risk in Health. Study Selection. English-language studies were included if they presented at least one previously unpublished lung cancer utility value, noted the elicitation technique and utility value provider. Data Extraction and Analysis. Two trained readers independently reviewed each article and extracted information for analysis. A hierarchical linear model (HLM) was used to perform a meta-regression with cancer stage, lower bound of scale, upper bound of scale, respondent, elicitation method, and lung cancer subtype as explanatory variables. Data Synthesis. Twenty-three articles containing 223 unique utility values were included. Lung cancer stage and subtype, the upper bound label of the utility scale, and respondent identity were significant predictors of utility (P < 0.05), while the lower bound label of utility scale was not. The HLM provided a set of pooled utility values for metastatic (0.57), mixed or nonspecified stage (0.77), and nonmetastatic lung cancer (0.87)-for the case of standard gamble as method, patients as respondents, non-small-cell lung cancer and scale labeled death to perfect health. Conclusion. Methodological factors significantly affect lung cancer utilities; therefore, analysts should avoid direct comparisons of lung cancer utility values elicited with dissimilar methods. C1 [Sturza, Julie] US EPA, Off Policy Econ & Innovat, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Sturza, J (reprint author), 1200 Penn Ave NW 1809T, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM sturza.julie@epa.gov NR 61 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 11 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0272-989X J9 MED DECIS MAKING JI Med. Decis. Mak. PD NOV-DEC PY 2010 VL 30 IS 6 BP 685 EP 693 DI 10.1177/0272989X10369004 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics GA 698FU UT WOS:000285580100006 PM 20448248 ER PT J AU Andree, K Axtner, J Bagley, MJ Barlow, EJ Beebee, TJC Bennetzen, JL Bermingham, E Boisselier-Dubayle, MC Bozarth, CA Brooks, CP Brown, RP Catanese, G Cavers, S Ceron-Souza, I Chak, STC Chan, MN Charles-Dominique, P Chen, CY Chen, JD Chinchilla, L Da Silva, D Dafreville, S Daunt, F Delatte, H Dorge, T Duncan, N Durand, JD Duvernell, D Estep, M Fan, S Fattahi, R Villela, OF Fong, Y Freville, H Funes, V Gallardo-Escarate, C Ganeshaiah, KN Ghaffari, MR Girod, C Gomez-Moliner, BJ Gonzalez-Porter, GP Gosa, A Govers, F Guerin, F Guindo, D Hailer, F Haye, PA Hoelmer, KA Hofmann, S Hong, Y Hu, CQ Huang, SW Humeau, L Infante, C Jackson, SA Jacobsen, E Jowkar, A Kafi, M Kermani, MJ Kim, H Kim, KS Kim, MY Knibb, W Koita, OA Korpelainen, H Lambourdiere, J Lasso, E Leblois, R Lee, H Lee, SW Leung, FCC Leung, KMY Li, CH Li, Y Lieckfeldt, D Lizana, M Loughry, WJ Luo, P Madeira, MJ Mahmoodi, P Maldonado, JE Mardi, M Mendes, O Miehe, G Muth, P Nacci, D Kumar, LN Ng, WC Pailler, T Parzies, HK Perez, L Pfunder, M Pietilaeinen, M Pirseyedi, SM Porta, D Porta, J Porta, JM Quilici, S Rakotoarivelo, FP Ramesha, BT Ravikanth, G Riera, B Risterucci, AM Roberts, DA Samadi, S Sarasola-Puente, V Sarrazin, E Sarthou, C Schmidt, A Segovia, NI Shen, KN Simiand, C Bin Sman, MH Solhoy, T Sommer, S Sumangala, RC Taubert, R Tejangkura, T Telford, A Testa, A Tollon-Cordet, C Tzeng, WN Shaanker, RU van der Lee, TAJ Van Mourik, TA Vasudeva, R Wai, TC Wang, RL Welch, ME Weltzien, E Whitehead, A Woodard, A Xia, JJ Zeinolabedini, M Zhang, L AF Andree, K. Axtner, Jan Bagley, M. J. Barlow, E. J. Beebee, T. J. C. Bennetzen, Jeffrey L. Bermingham, Eldredge Boisselier-Dubayle, M. C. Bozarth, Christine A. Brooks, Christopher P. Brown, R. P. Catanese, Gaetano Cavers, S. Ceron-Souza, Ivania Chak, Solomon T. C. Chan, M. N. Charles-Dominique, P. Chen, C. Y. Chen, J. D. Chinchilla, Leah Da Silva, D. Dafreville, S. Daunt, F. Delatte, H. Dorge, T. Duncan, N. Durand, J. D. Duvernell, D. Estep, Matt Fan, Sigang Fattahi, R. Villela, Oscar Flores Fong, Yokking Freville, H. Funes, Victoria Gallardo-Escarate, C. Ganeshaiah, K. N. Ghaffari, M. R. Girod, C. Gomez-Moliner, B. J. Gonzalez-Porter, Gracia P. Gosa, A. Govers, F. Guerin, F. Guindo, Diarah Hailer, Frank Haye, P. A. Hoelmer, Kim A. Hofmann, S. Hong, Yan Hu, Chaoqun Huang, S. W. Humeau, L. Infante, Carlos Jackson, S. A. Jacobsen, E. Jowkar, A. Kafi, M. Kermani, M. J. Kim, Hyojoong Kim, Kyung Seok Kim, Min-Young Knibb, W. Koita, Ousmane A. Korpelainen, H. Lambourdiere, J. Lasso, Eloisa Leblois, R. Lee, Hang Lee, Seungh-Wan Leung, F. C. C. Leung, Kenneth M. Y. Li, Chunhong Li, Y. Lieckfeldt, Dietmar Lizana, M. Loughry, W. J. Luo, Peng Madeira, M. J. Mahmoodi, P. Maldonado, Jesus E. Mardi, M. Mendes, O. Miehe, G. Muth, Peter Nacci, D. Kumar, L. Naveen Ng, Wai-Chuen Pailler, T. Parzies, Heiko K. Perez, Laura Pfunder, M. Pietilaeinen, M. Pirseyedi, S. M. Porta, D. Porta, J. Porta, J. M. Quilici, S. Rakotoarivelo, F. P. Ramesha, B. T. Ravikanth, G. Riera, B. Risterucci, A. M. Roberts, D. A. Samadi, S. Sarasola-Puente, V. Sarrazin, E. Sarthou, C. Schmidt, Anke Segovia, N. I. Shen, K. N. Simiand, C. Bin Sman, Muhammad Hidayat Solhoy, T. Sommer, Simone Sumangala, R. C. Taubert, Ramona Tejangkura, T. Telford, A. Testa, A. Tollon-Cordet, C. Tzeng, W. N. Shaanker, R. Uma van der Lee, T. A. J. Van Mourik, Thomas A. Vasudeva, R. Wai, T. C. Wang, R. L. Welch, Mark E. Weltzien, Eva Whitehead, A. Woodard, Anastasia Xia, Jianjun Zeinolabedini, M. Zhang, Lvping CA Mol Ecology Resources Primer Dev C TI Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 April 2010-31 May 2010 SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article AB This article documents the addition of 396 microsatellite marker loci to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Anthocidaris crassispina, Aphis glycines, Argyrosomus regius, Astrocaryum sciophilum, Dasypus novemcinctus, Delomys sublineatus, Dermatemys mawii, Fundulus heteroclitus, Homalaspis plana, Jumellea rossii, Khaya senegalensis, Mugil cephalus, Neoceratitis cyanescens, Phalacrocorax aristotelis, Phytophthora infestans, Piper cordulatum, Pterocarpus indicus, Rana dalmatina, Rosa pulverulenta, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Scomber colias, Semecarpus kathalekanensis, Stichopus monotuberculatus, Striga hermonthica, Tarentola boettgeri and Thermophis baileyi. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Aphis gossypii, Sooretamys angouya, Euryoryzomys russatus, Fundulus notatus, Fundulus olivaceus, Fundulus catenatus, Fundulus majalis, Jumellea fragrans, Jumellea triquetra Jumellea recta, Jumellea stenophylla, Liza richardsonii, Piper marginatum, Piper aequale, Piper darienensis, Piper dilatatum, Rana temporaria, Rana iberica, Rana pyrenaica, Semecarpus anacardium, Semecarpus auriculata, Semecarpus travancorica, Spondias acuminata, Holigarna grahamii, Holigarna beddomii, Mangifera indica, Anacardium occidentale, Tarentola delalandii, Tarentola caboverdianus and Thermophis zhaoermii. C1 [Andree, K.; Duncan, N.; Mol Ecology Resources Primer Dev C] IRTA St Carles Rapita, San Carlos de la Rapita 43540, Spain. [Axtner, Jan; Lieckfeldt, Dietmar; Schmidt, Anke; Sommer, Simone; Taubert, Ramona] Leibniz Inst Zoo & Wild life Res, D-10315 Berlin, Germany. [Bagley, M. J.; Jackson, S. A.; Wang, R. L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Barlow, E. J.; Cavers, S.; Daunt, F.; Telford, A.] NERC Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, CEH Edinburgh, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland. [Barlow, E. J.] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, Scotland. [Beebee, T. J. C.] Univ Sussex, Sch Life Sci, Dept Biochem, Brighton BN1 9QG, E Sussex, England. [Bennetzen, Jeffrey L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Genet, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Bermingham, Eldredge; Ceron-Souza, Ivania; Lasso, Eloisa] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City 084303092, Panama. [Boisselier-Dubayle, M. C.; Lambourdiere, J.; Sarrazin, E.] CNRS, Serv Systemat Mol, UMS 2700, F-75231 Paris 05, France. [Boisselier-Dubayle, M. C.; Lambourdiere, J.; Samadi, S.] CNRS, UPMC IRD MNHN, UMR 7138, F-75231 Paris 05, France. [Bozarth, Christine A.; Gonzalez-Porter, Gracia P.; Hailer, Frank; Maldonado, Jesus E.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Brooks, Christopher P.; Chinchilla, Leah; Welch, Mark E.; Woodard, Anastasia] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Brown, R. P.; Tejangkura, T.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Sch Nat Sci & Psychol, Liverpool L3 3AF, Merseyside, England. [Catanese, Gaetano; Funes, Victoria; Infante, Carlos; Perez, Laura] Consejeria Agr & Pesca, Lab Identificac Especies Pesqueras & Acuicolas, IFAPA Ctr El Toruno, Cadiz 11500, Spain. [Chak, Solomon T. C.; Leung, Kenneth M. Y.; Ng, Wai-Chuen; Wai, T. C.] Univ Hong Kong, Swire Inst Marine Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Chak, Solomon T. C.; Leung, Kenneth M. Y.; Ng, Wai-Chuen; Wai, T. C.] Univ Hong Kong, Div Ecol & Biodivers, Sch Biol Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Charles-Dominique, P.; Freville, H.] CEFE CNRS, Museum Natl Hist Nat, F-34293 Montpellier 05, France. [Chen, C. Y.; Chen, J. D.] Natl Taiwan Ocean Univ, Dept Aquaculture, Chilung, Taiwan. [Da Silva, D.; Dafreville, S.; Guerin, F.; Humeau, L.; Pailler, T.; Rakotoarivelo, F. P.] Univ La Reunion, UMR PVBMT, St Denis 97715, Reunion. [Delatte, H.; Quilici, S.; Simiand, C.] Univ La Reunion, CIRAD Pole Protect Plantes, PVBMT, UMR C53, St Pierre 97410, Reunion. [Dorge, T.] Tibet Univ, Dept Life Sci, Inst High Mt Anim Ecol, Lhasa 850000, Tibetan AR, Peoples R China. [Durand, J. D.] ECOLAG, Inst Rech Dev, UMR 5119, Dakar, Senegal. [Duvernell, D.] So Illinois Univ, Edwardsville, IL 62026 USA. [Estep, Matt] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Fan, Sigang; Hu, Chaoqun; Luo, Peng; Xia, Jianjun; Zhang, Lvping] Chinese Acad Sci, S China Sea Inst Oceanol, Labs Appl Marine Biol & Marine Bioresources Susta, Guangzhou 510301, Peoples R China. [Fattahi, R.; Jowkar, A.; Kafi, M.] Univ Tehran, Fac Agr, Karaj 3158777871, Iran. [Villela, Oscar Flores; Gonzalez-Porter, Gracia P.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Museo Zool, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Fong, Yokking] Natl Pk Board, Singapore 259569, Singapore. [Gallardo-Escarate, C.] Univ Concepcion, Ctr Biotecnol, Fac Ciencias Nat & Oceanog, Dept Oceanog, Concepcion, Chile. [Ganeshaiah, K. N.; Kumar, L. Naveen; Ravikanth, G.; Sumangala, R. C.; Shaanker, R. Uma] Ashoka Trust Res Ecol & Environm, Conservat Genet Lab, Bangalore 560064, Karnataka, India. [Ganeshaiah, K. N.; Ramesha, B. T.; Ravikanth, G.; Shaanker, R. Uma] Univ Agr Sci, Sch Ecol & Conservat, Bangalore 560065, Karnataka, India. [Ganeshaiah, K. N.] Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forestry & Environm Sci, Bangalore 560065, Karnataka, India. [Ghaffari, M. R.; Jowkar, A.; Kermani, M. J.; Mahmoodi, P.; Mardi, M.; Pirseyedi, S. M.; Zeinolabedini, M.] ABRII, Karaj 315351897, Iran. [Girod, C.; Riera, B.; Sarrazin, E.] CNRS MNHN, UMR 7179, F-91800 Brunoy, France. [Gomez-Moliner, B. J.; Madeira, M. J.; Sarasola-Puente, V.] Univ Basque Country, Dept Zool & Biol Celular Anim, Vitoria 01006, Spain. [Gosa, A.; Sarasola-Puente, V.] Aranzadi Soc Sci, Donostia San Sebastian 20014, Spain. [Govers, F.; Jacobsen, E.] Wageningen Univ, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Haye, P. A.; Segovia, N. I.] Univ Catolica Norte, Dept Marine Biol, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile. [Haye, P. A.; Segovia, N. I.] CEAZA, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile. [Hoelmer, Kim A.] ARS, USDA, Beneficial Insect Intro Res Unit, Newark, DE 19711 USA. [Hofmann, S.] Univ Kiel, Inst Clin Mol Biol, D-24105 Kiel, Germany. [Hong, Yan; Li, Chunhong; Bin Sman, Muhammad Hidayat] Natl Univ Singapore, Temasek Life Sci Lab, Singapore 117604, Singapore. [Huang, S. W.; Li, Y.] China Acad Agr Sci, Inst Vegetables & Flowers, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Kim, Hyojoong; Kim, Min-Young; Lee, Seungh-Wan] Seoul Natl Univ, Res Inst Agr & Life Sci, Dept Agr Biotechnol, Seoul 151921, South Korea. [Kim, Kyung Seok; Lee, Hang] Seoul Natl Univ, Res Inst Vet Sci, Coll Vet Med, Conservat Genome Resource Bank Korean Wildlife, Seoul 151742, South Korea. [Koita, Ousmane A.] Univ Bamako, Fac Sci & Tech, Lab Appl Mol Biol, Bamako, Mali. [Korpelainen, H.; Pietilaeinen, M.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Agr Sci, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Leblois, R.; Sarthou, C.] CNRS MNHN, UMR 7205, F-75005 Paris, France. [Lizana, M.; Sarasola-Puente, V.] Univ Salamanca, Dept Biol Anim, Salamanca 37071, Spain. [Loughry, W. J.] Valdosta State Univ, Dept Biol, Valdosta, GA 31698 USA. [Miehe, G.] Philipps Univ Marburg, Dept Geog, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. [Muth, Peter; Parzies, Heiko K.] Univ Hohenheim, Inst Plant Breeding Seed Sci & Populat Genet, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany. [Nacci, D.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Pfunder, M.] Ecogen GmbH, CH-8952 Zurich, Switzerland. [Porta, D.; Porta, J.; Porta, J. M.] AquaSolut Biotech, Malaga 29590, Spain. [Ramesha, B. T.; Shaanker, R. Uma] Univ Agr Sci, Dept Crop Physiol, Bangalore 560065, Karnataka, India. [Risterucci, A. M.] CIRAD, UMR 1096, F-34398 Montpellier 5, France. [Roberts, D. A.; Whitehead, A.] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. [Shen, K. N.; Tzeng, W. N.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Fisheries Sci, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Solhoy, T.] Univ Bergen, Dept Zool, N-5020 Bergen, Norway. [Testa, A.] Univ Naples Federico 2, Sch Biotechnol Sci, Dept Arboriculture Bot & Plant Pathol, Naples, Italy. [Tollon-Cordet, C.] INRA, UMR DIAPC, F-34060 Montpellier 01, France. [Van Mourik, Thomas A.; Weltzien, Eva] Int Crops Res Inst Semi Arid Trop, Bamako, Mali. [Vasudeva, R.] Univ Agr Sci, Coll Forestry, Dept Forest Biol, Sirsi 581401, India. RP Andree, K (reprint author), IRTA St Carles Rapita, Ctra Poble Nou Km5-5, San Carlos de la Rapita 43540, Spain. RI Hong, Yan/D-5106-2014; Perry, Annika/F-6784-2014; Andree, Karl/L-7465-2014; MADEIRA, MARIA JOSE/L-7556-2014; Miehe, Georg/A-5961-2015; Haye, Pilar/B-7082-2015; Durand, Jean-Dominique/G-3713-2016; Testa, Antonino/H-6864-2012; Daunt, Francis/K-6688-2012; Duncan, Neil/B-8906-2013; Govers, Francine/A-5616-2009; Leung, Kenneth/C-1055-2009; vanderlee, Theo/J-7296-2013; Axtner, Jan/A-1918-2010; samadi, sarah/G-5011-2010; Cavers, Stephen/B-7806-2010; Lee, Hang/A-7516-2011; Hailer, Frank/C-9114-2012; Leblois, Raphael/A-8815-2008; Whitehead, Andrew/G-2122-2012; CATANESE, GAETANO/A-7510-2009; OI Hong, Yan/0000-0002-2954-8788; Perry, Annika/0000-0002-7889-7597; Andree, Karl/0000-0001-6564-0015; MADEIRA, MARIA JOSE/0000-0002-7357-7228; Haye, Pilar/0000-0002-1093-9076; Durand, Jean-Dominique/0000-0002-0261-0377; Duvernell, David/0000-0003-2478-6522; Axtner, Jan/0000-0003-1269-5586; Testa, Antonino/0000-0003-3983-2448; Daunt, Francis/0000-0003-4638-3388; Govers, Francine/0000-0001-5311-929X; Cavers, Stephen/0000-0003-2139-9236; Lee, Hang/0000-0003-0264-6289; Hailer, Frank/0000-0002-2340-1726; Leblois, Raphael/0000-0002-3051-4497; CATANESE, GAETANO/0000-0001-6219-4494; Flores-Villela, Oscar/0000-0002-2849-6912; GOMEZ MOLINER, BENJAMIN JUAN/0000-0002-3054-8806; Lasso, Eloisa/0000-0003-4586-8674; Jafarkhani Kermani, Maryam/0000-0002-6013-8314; Knibb, Wayne/0000-0003-2593-0303; Korpelainen, Helena/0000-0002-7046-6995 NR 0 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 46 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1755-098X J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 10 IS 6 BP 1098 EP 1105 DI 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02898.x PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 663IJ UT WOS:000282876300023 PM 21565124 ER PT J AU Salinas, K Hemmer, MJ Serrano, J Higgins, L Anderson, LB Benninghoff, AD Williams, DE Walker, C AF Salinas, K. Hemmer, M. J. Serrano, J. Higgins, L. Anderson, L. B. Benninghoff, A. D. Williams, D. E. Walker, C. TI Identification of Estrogen-Responsive Vitelline Envelope Protein Fragments From Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Plasma Using Mass Spectrometry SO MOLECULAR REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-CLONING; GENE-EXPRESSION; MESSENGER-RNA; EGG; FISH; LIVER; 17-BETA-ESTRADIOL; BIOMARKERS; PROTEOMICS; ORGANISMS AB Plasma peptides previously associated with exposure of juvenile male rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus rnykiss) to the hormone 17 beta-estradiol (E2) were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Specifically, plasma peptides of interest were fractionated and subsequently identified via spectra obtained by MALDI QqTOF MS/MS and LC-MALDI TOFTOF MS/MS analysis, de novo sequencing and database matching. The two peptide masses were identified as significant matches for fragments of the C-terminal propeptides from rainbow trout vitelline envelope protein (VEP)alpha and VEP gamma isoforms. Our findings document the presence of the C-terminal propeptides from rainbow trout VEP alpha and VEP gamma proteins in the bloodstream of juvenile male rainbow trout exposed to E2 via MALDI-TOF-MS detection. We provide three possible explanations for the presence of C-terminal propeptides in the bloodstream, as well as compare previously obtained hepatic transcriptomic results with the plasma proteomic results obtained in the present study. C1 [Salinas, K.; Hemmer, M. J.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL USA. [Serrano, J.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. [Higgins, L.; Anderson, L. B.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Biochem Mol Biol & Biophys, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Benninghoff, A. D.] Utah State Univ, Grad Program Toxicol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Williams, D. E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Williams, D. E.] Oregon State Univ, Linus Pauling Inst, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Walker, C.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NOAA, Natl Seafood Inspect Lab, Pascagoula, MS USA. RP Salinas, K (reprint author), 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32514 USA. EM salinas.kimberly@epa.gov FU Marine and Freshwater Biomedical Sciences Center at Oregon State University; Environmental Health Sciences Center at Oregon State University; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; NIH [ES013534, ES00210, ES003850]; Gulf Ecology Division Marine and Freshwater Biomedical Sciences Center at Oregon State University FX The information in this document has been subjected to review by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This is contribution number 1360 from the Gulf Ecology Division. Dr. Benninghoff and Dr. Williams wish to acknowledge support of the Marine and Freshwater Biomedical Sciences Center and the Environmental Health Sciences Center at Oregon State University. The information in this document has been funded wholly (or in part) by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Dr. Benninghoff and Dr. Williams wish to acknowledge financial support from NIH grants ES013534, ES00210, and ES003850.; Supported by the Gulf Ecology Division Marine and Freshwater Biomedical Sciences Center, the Environmental Health Sciences Center at Oregon State University and the NIH (grants ES013534, ES00210, ES003850). NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1040-452X J9 MOL REPROD DEV JI Mol. Reprod. Dev. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 77 IS 11 BP 963 EP 970 DI 10.1002/mrd.21244 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology GA 692PQ UT WOS:000285165400005 PM 20939045 ER PT J AU Rothman, N Garcia-Closas, M Chatterjee, N Malats, N Wu, XF Figueroa, JD Real, FX Van den Berg, D Matullo, G Baris, D Thun, M Kiemeney, LA Vineis, P De Vivo, I Albanes, D Purdue, MP Rafnar, T Hildebrandt, MAT Kiltie, AE Cussenot, O Golka, K Kumar, R Taylor, JA Mayordomo, JI Jacobs, KB Kogevinas, M Hutchinson, A Wang, ZW Fu, YP Prokunina-Olsson, L Burdett, L Yeager, M Wheeler, W Tardon, A Serra, C Carrato, A Garcia-Closas, R Lloreta, J Johnson, A Schwenn, M Karagas, MR Schned, A Andriole, G Grubb, R Black, A Jacobs, EJ Diver, WR Gapstur, SM Weinstein, SJ Virtamo, J Cortessis, VK Gago-Dominguez, M Pike, MC Stern, MC Yuan, JM Hunter, DJ McGrath, M Dinney, CP Czerniak, B Chen, M Yang, HS Vermeulen, SH Aben, KK Witjes, JA Makkinje, RR Sulem, P Besenbacher, S Stefansson, K Riboli, E Brennan, P Panico, S Navarro, C Allen, NE Bueno-De-Mesquita, HB Trichopoulos, D Caporaso, N Landi, MT Canzian, F Ljungberg, B Tjonneland, A Clavel-Chapelon, F Bishop, DT Teo, MTW Knowles, MA Guarrera, S Polidoro, S Ricceri, F Sacerdote, C Allione, A Cancel-Tassin, G Selinski, S Hengstler, JG Dietrich, H Fletcher, T Rudnai, P Gurzau, E Koppova, K Bolick, SCE Godfrey, A Xu, ZL Sanz-Velez, JI Garcia-Prats, MD Sanchez, M Valdivia, G Porru, S Benhamou, S Hoover, RN Fraumeni, JF Silverman, DT Chanock, SJ AF Rothman, Nathaniel Garcia-Closas, Montserrat Chatterjee, Nilanjan Malats, Nuria Wu, Xifeng Figueroa, Jonine D. Real, Francisco X. Van den Berg, David Matullo, Giuseppe Baris, Dalsu Thun, Michael Kiemeney, Lambertus A. Vineis, Paolo De Vivo, Immaculata Albanes, Demetrius Purdue, Mark P. Rafnar, Thorunn Hildebrandt, Michelle A. T. Kiltie, Anne E. Cussenot, Olivier Golka, Klaus Kumar, Rajiv Taylor, Jack A. Mayordomo, Jose I. Jacobs, Kevin B. Kogevinas, Manolis Hutchinson, Amy Wang, Zhaoming Fu, Yi-Ping Prokunina-Olsson, Ludmila Burdett, Laurie Yeager, Meredith Wheeler, William Tardon, Adonina Serra, Consol Carrato, Alfredo Garcia-Closas, Reina Lloreta, Josep Johnson, Alison Schwenn, Molly Karagas, Margaret R. Schned, Alan Andriole, Gerald, Jr. Grubb, Robert, III Black, Amanda Jacobs, Eric J. Diver, W. Ryan Gapstur, Susan M. Weinstein, Stephanie J. Virtamo, Jarmo Cortessis, Victoria K. Gago-Dominguez, Manuela Pike, Malcolm C. Stern, Mariana C. Yuan, Jian-Min Hunter, David J. McGrath, Monica Dinney, Colin P. Czerniak, Bogdan Chen, Meng Yang, Hushan Vermeulen, Sita H. Aben, Katja K. Witjes, J. Alfred Makkinje, Remco R. Sulem, Patrick Besenbacher, Soren Stefansson, Kari Riboli, Elio Brennan, Paul Panico, Salvatore Navarro, Carmen Allen, Naomi E. Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas Trichopoulos, Dimitrios Caporaso, Neil Landi, Maria Teresa Canzian, Federico Ljungberg, Borje Tjonneland, Anne Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise Bishop, David T. Teo, Mark T. W. Knowles, Margaret A. Guarrera, Simonetta Polidoro, Silvia Ricceri, Fulvio Sacerdote, Carlotta Allione, Alessandra Cancel-Tassin, Geraldine Selinski, Silvia Hengstler, Jan G. Dietrich, Holger Fletcher, Tony Rudnai, Peter Gurzau, Eugen Koppova, Kvetoslava Bolick, Sophia C. E. Godfrey, Ashley Xu, Zongli Sanz-Velez, Jose I. Garcia-Prats, Maria D. Sanchez, Manuel Valdivia, Gabriel Porru, Stefano Benhamou, Simone Hoover, Robert N. Fraumeni, Joseph F., Jr. Silverman, Debra T. Chanock, Stephen J. TI A multi-stage genome-wide association study of bladder cancer identifies multiple susceptibility loci SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID CONFERS SUSCEPTIBILITY; UDP-GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASES; RECOMBINATION HOTSPOTS; TELOMERASE MUTATIONS; PULMONARY-FIBROSIS; SEQUENCE VARIANT; COMMON VARIANTS; CHROMOSOME 8Q24; DOWN-REGULATION; CELL-CARCINOMA AB We conducted a multi-stage, genome-wide association study of bladder cancer with a primary scan of 591,637 SNPs in 3,532 affected individuals (cases) and 5,120 controls of European descent from five studies followed by a replication strategy, which included 8,382 cases and 48,275 controls from 16 studies. In a combined analysis, we identified three new regions associated with bladder cancer on chromosomes 22q13.1, 19q12 and 2q37.1: rs1014971, (P = 8 x 10(-12)) maps to a non-genic region of chromosome 22q13.1, rs8102137 (P = 2 x 10(-11)) on 19q12 maps to CCNE1 and rs11892031 (P = 1 x 10(-7)) maps to the UGT1A cluster on 2q37.1. We confirmed four previously identified genome-wide associations on chromosomes 3q28, 4p16.3, 8q24.21 and 8q24.3, validated previous candidate associations for the GSTM1 deletion (P = 4 x 10(-11)) and a tag SNP for NAT2 acetylation status (P = 4 x 10(-11)), and found interactions with smoking in both regions. Our findings on common variants associated with bladder cancer risk should provide new insights into the mechanisms of carcinogenesis. C1 [Rothman, Nathaniel; Garcia-Closas, Montserrat; Chatterjee, Nilanjan; Figueroa, Jonine D.; Baris, Dalsu; Albanes, Demetrius; Purdue, Mark P.; Fu, Yi-Ping; Prokunina-Olsson, Ludmila; Black, Amanda; Weinstein, Stephanie J.; Caporaso, Neil; Landi, Maria Teresa; Hoover, Robert N.; Fraumeni, Joseph F., Jr.; Silverman, Debra T.; Chanock, Stephen J.] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Malats, Nuria; Real, Francisco X.] Spanish Natl Canc Res Ctr, Madrid, Spain. [Wu, Xifeng; Hildebrandt, Michelle A. T.; Chen, Meng; Yang, Hushan] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Real, Francisco X.] Univ Pompeu Fabra, Dept Ciencies Expt & Salut, Barcelona, Spain. [Van den Berg, David; Cortessis, Victoria K.; Gago-Dominguez, Manuela; Pike, Malcolm C.; Stern, Mariana C.] Univ So Calif, Dept Prevent Med, Keck Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Matullo, Giuseppe] Univ Turin, Dept Genet Biol & Biochem, Turin, Italy. [Matullo, Giuseppe; Vineis, Paolo; Guarrera, Simonetta; Polidoro, Silvia; Ricceri, Fulvio; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Allione, Alessandra] Human Genet Fdn HuGeF, Turin, Italy. [Thun, Michael; Jacobs, Eric J.; Diver, W. Ryan; Gapstur, Susan M.] Amer Canc Soc, Epidemiol Res Program, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kiemeney, Lambertus A.; Vermeulen, Sita H.; Aben, Katja K.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen Med Ctr, Dept Epidemiol Biostat & Hlth Technol Assessment, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Kiemeney, Lambertus A.] Comprehens Canc Ctr E, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Kiemeney, Lambertus A.; Witjes, J. Alfred] Radboud Univ Nijmegen Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Vineis, Paolo; Riboli, Elio] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [De Vivo, Immaculata] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Channing Lab, Boston, MA USA. [Rafnar, Thorunn; Sulem, Patrick; Besenbacher, Soren; Stefansson, Kari] DeCODE Genet, Reykjavik, Iceland. [Kiltie, Anne E.] Univ Oxford, Gray Inst Radiat Oncol & Biol, Oxford, England. [Cussenot, Olivier] Tenon Hosp, AP HP, Dept Urol, Paris, France. [Cussenot, Olivier; Cancel-Tassin, Geraldine] Ctr Rech Pathol Prostat, Paris, France. [Golka, Klaus; Selinski, Silvia; Hengstler, Jan G.] Leibniz Res Ctr Working Environm & Human Factor, Dortmund, Germany. [Kumar, Rajiv] German Canc Res Ctr, Div Mol Genet Epidemiol, D-6900 Heidelberg, Germany. [Taylor, Jack A.; Bolick, Sophia C. E.; Godfrey, Ashley; Xu, Zongli] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Mayordomo, Jose I.; Sanchez, Manuel; Valdivia, Gabriel] Univ Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. [Jacobs, Kevin B.; Hutchinson, Amy; Wang, Zhaoming; Burdett, Laurie; Yeager, Meredith] SAIC Frederick Inc, Natl Canc Inst Frederick, Core Genotype Facil, Frederick, MD USA. [Kogevinas, Manolis] Ctr Res Environm Epidemiol CREAL, Barcelona, Spain. [Kogevinas, Manolis] Municipal Inst Med Res, Barcelona, Spain. [Kogevinas, Manolis; Tardon, Adonina; Navarro, Carmen] CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ CIBERESP, Barcelona, Spain. [Kogevinas, Manolis] Natl Sch Publ Hlth, Athens, Greece. [Wheeler, William] Informat Management Serv Inc, Rockville, MD USA. [Tardon, Adonina] Univ Oviedo, Inst Univ Oncol, Oviedo, Spain. [Carrato, Alfredo] Ramon & Cajal Univ Hosp, Madrid, Spain. [Garcia-Closas, Reina] Hosp Univ Canarias, Unidad Invest, San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain. [Lloreta, Josep] Univ Pompeu Fabra, Hosp Mar Inst Municipal Invest Med IMIM, Barcelona, Spain. [Johnson, Alison] Vermont Canc Registry, Burlington, VT USA. [Schwenn, Molly] Maine Canc Registry, Augusta, ME USA. [Karagas, Margaret R.; Schned, Alan] Dartmouth Med Sch, Hanover, NH USA. [Andriole, Gerald, Jr.; Grubb, Robert, III] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, St Louis, MO USA. [Virtamo, Jarmo] Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Helsinki, Finland. [Pike, Malcolm C.] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Yuan, Jian-Min] Univ Minnesota, Mason Canc Ctr, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Hunter, David J.; McGrath, Monica] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Program Mol & Genet Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Dinney, Colin P.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Urol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Czerniak, Bogdan] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Vermeulen, Sita H.; Makkinje, Remco R.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen Med Ctr, Dept Human Genet, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Stefansson, Kari] Univ Iceland, Fac Med, Reykjavik, Iceland. [Brennan, Paul] Int Agcy Res Canc, Lyon, France. [Panico, Salvatore] Univ Naples Federico 2, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Naples, Italy. [Navarro, Carmen] Murcia Reg Hlth Council, Dept Epidemiol, Murcia, Spain. [Allen, Naomi E.] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Canc Epidemiol Unit, Oxford, England. [Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Trichopoulos, Dimitrios] Acad Athens, Bur Epidemiol Res, Athens, Greece. [Canzian, Federico] German Canc Res Ctr, Genom Epidemiol Grp, Heidelberg, Germany. [Ljungberg, Borje] Umea Univ, Dept Surg & Perioperat Sci, Umea, Sweden. [Tjonneland, Anne] Inst Canc Epidemiol, Danish Canc Soc, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise] Paris S Univ, Inst Gustave Roussy, Ctr Res Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, Villejuif, France. [Bishop, David T.; Teo, Mark T. W.; Knowles, Margaret A.] Univ Leeds, St Jamess Univ Hosp, Leeds Inst Mol Med, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. [Sacerdote, Carlotta] Univ Turin, Canc Epidemiol Unit, Turin, Italy. [Dietrich, Holger] Paul Gerhardt Fdn, Dept Urol, Wittenberg, Germany. [Fletcher, Tony] Inst Hyg & Trop Med, London, England. [Rudnai, Peter] Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Budapest, Hungary. [Gurzau, Eugen] Univ Babes Bolyai, Ctr Environm Hlth, R-3400 Cluj Napoca, Romania. [Koppova, Kvetoslava] State Hlth Inst, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia. [Sanz-Velez, Jose I.; Garcia-Prats, Maria D.] San Jorge Univ Hosp, Huesca, Spain. [Porru, Stefano] Univ Brescia, Sect Occupat Med & Ind Hyg, Dept Expt & Appl Med, Brescia, Italy. [Benhamou, Simone] CEPH, Fdn Jean Dausset, U946, INSERM, Paris, France. [Benhamou, Simone] Inst Gustave Roussy, UMR8200, CNRS, Villejuif, France. RP Garcia-Closas, M (reprint author), NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM montse.garciaclosas@icr.ac.uk RI Mayordomo, Jose/K-3453-2013; Hengstler, Jan/O-1415-2013; Witjes, Fred/N-9665-2013; Kiemeney, Lambertus/D-3357-2009; Albanes, Demetrius/B-9749-2015; Garcia-Closas, Montserrat /F-3871-2015; Malats, Nuria/H-7041-2015; Makkinje, Remco/Q-2406-2015; Serra, C/E-6879-2014; Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise/G-6733-2014; Lloreta, J/I-2112-2014; Purdue, Mark/C-9228-2016; Vermeulen, H.H.M./L-4716-2015; Aben, Katja/G-9686-2016; Benhamou, Simone/K-6554-2015; Matullo, Giuseppe/K-6383-2016; Panico, Salvatore/K-6506-2016; Kogevinas, Manolis/C-3918-2017; Real, Francisco X/H-5275-2015; OI Kiemeney, Lambertus/0000-0002-2368-1326; Garcia-Closas, Montserrat /0000-0003-1033-2650; Malats, Nuria/0000-0003-2538-3784; Serra, C/0000-0001-8337-8356; Lloreta, J/0000-0003-1644-9470; MATULLO, Giuseppe/0000-0003-0674-7757; Yuan, Jian-Min/0000-0002-4620-3108; Sacerdote, Carlotta/0000-0002-8008-5096; xu, zongli/0000-0002-9034-8902; Bishop, Tim/0000-0002-8752-8785; taylor, jack/0000-0001-5303-6398; Besenbacher, Soren/0000-0003-1455-1738; Cancel-Tassin, Geraldine/0000-0002-9583-6382; Purdue, Mark/0000-0003-1177-3108; Aben, Katja/0000-0002-0214-2147; Panico, Salvatore/0000-0002-5498-8312; Kumar, Rajiv/0000-0002-6093-0395; Kiltie, Anne/0000-0001-7208-2912; Prokunina-Olsson, Ludmila/0000-0002-9622-2091; Real, Francisco X/0000-0001-9501-498X; Allione, Alessandra/0000-0001-9599-309X FU National Cancer Institute, US National Institutes of Health [HHSN261200800001E] FX This project has been funded in part with federal funds from the National Cancer Institute, US National Institutes of Health, under Contract No. HHSN261200800001E. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 52 TC 214 Z9 221 U1 1 U2 43 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1061-4036 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 42 IS 11 BP 978 EP U98 DI 10.1038/ng.687 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 671VW UT WOS:000283540500015 PM 20972438 ER PT J AU Beasley, TE Evansky, PA Gilbert, ME Bushnell, PJ AF Beasley, Tracey E. Evansky, Paul A. Gilbert, Mary E. Bushnell, Philip J. TI Behavioral effects of subchronic inhalation of toluene in adult rats SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Organic solvent; Signal detection; Fear conditioning; Motor activity; Quinpirole; Raclopride ID MEDIATED LOCOMOTOR-ACTIVITY; ORGANIC-SOLVENTS; COLOR-VISION; 40 PPM; AGONIST BINDING; EXPOSURE; PERSISTENT; TASK; ATTENTION; ABUSE AB Whereas the acute neurobehavioral effects of toluene are robust and well characterized, evidence for persistent effects of repeated exposure to this industrial solvent is less compelling. The present experiment sought to determine whether subchronic inhalation of toluene caused persistent behavioral changes in rats. Adult male Long-Evans rats inhaled toluene vapor (0, 10, 100, or 1000 ppm) for 6 h/day, 5 days/week for 13 weeks and were evaluated on a series of behavioral tests beginning 3 days after the end of exposure. Toluene delayed appetitively-motivated acquisition of a lever-press response, but did not affect motor activity, anxiety-related behavior in the elevated plus maze, trace fear conditioning, acquisition of an appetitively-motivated visual discrimination, or performance of a visual signal detection task Challenges with acute inhalation of toluene vapor (1200-2400 ppm for 1 h) and injections of quinpirole (0.01-0.03 mg/kg) and raclopride (0.03-0.10 mg/kg) revealed no toluene-induced latent impairments in visual signal detection. These results are consistent with a pattern of subtle and inconsistent long-term effects of daily exposure to toluene vapor, in contrast to robust and reliable effects of acute inhalation of the solvent. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Beasley, Tracey E.; Gilbert, Mary E.; Bushnell, Philip J.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Toxicol Assessment Div, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Evansky, Paul A.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Bushnell, PJ (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Toxicol Assessment Div, Off Res & Dev, MD B105-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM bushnell.philip@epa.gov NR 51 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0892-0362 EI 1872-9738 J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2010 VL 32 IS 6 BP 611 EP 619 DI 10.1016/j.ntt.2010.05.005 PG 9 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA 692BY UT WOS:000285127700005 PM 20580818 ER PT J AU Duke, TJ Jahed, NC Veneroso, CC Da Roza, R Johnson, O Hoffman, D Barsky, SH Levine, PH AF Duke, Tina J. Jahed, Nasreen C. Veneroso, Carmela C. Da Roza, Ricardo Johnson, Owen Hoffman, Daniel Barsky, Sanford H. Levine, Paul H. TI A cluster of inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) in an office setting: Additional evidence of the importance of environmental factors in IBC etiology SO ONCOLOGY REPORTS LA English DT Article DE inflammatory breast cancer; environmental factors; oral contraceptives; hormone replacement therapy ID ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVE USE; END RESULTS PROGRAM; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; UNITED-STATES; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES; CARCINOMA INCIDENCE; E-CADHERIN; BODY SIZE; WOMEN; RISK AB We investigated a cluster of three cases of inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) diagnosed within 10 months in an office setting of 24 people. Information about medical history, pregnancy history, family history of breast cancer, oral contraceptive use/hormone replacement therapy, exposure to possible oncogenic agents and tumor promoters were obtained to determine whether there were differences in risk factors for IBC between cases and controls. The physical environment and location of the cases' office raised concern about air and water quality as well as radiation as being contributory risk factors for developing IBC. Of the three women with IBC, two had high exposures to pesticides/herbicides, all three used oral contraceptives and two used hormone replacement therapy at the time of diagnosis, two had a family history of breast cancer, and two were obese. Among fifteen controls four had pesticide/herbicide exposure, one had a family history of breast cancer, nine used oral contraceptives, seven used hormone replacement therapy, and five were obese. No specific environmental causes were established for this cluster. Several promoting factors have been suggested that could result in subclinical breast cancer emerging as IBC. Among them are exogenous hormones and exposure to herbicides/pesticides. C1 [Duke, Tina J.] US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Barsky, Sanford H.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Dept Pathol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Johnson, Owen] Ohio State Univ, Inflammatory Breast Canc Fdn, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Da Roza, Ricardo] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Eden Valley Med Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Jahed, Nasreen C.; Veneroso, Carmela C.; Hoffman, Daniel; Levine, Paul H.] George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Washington, DC 20037 USA. RP Levine, PH (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, 2100-W Penn Ave NW,Suite 817, Washington, DC 20037 USA. EM sphphl@gwumc.edu FU Department of Defense [DAMD 17-01-1-0244]; Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Foundation FX We thank Ms. Barbara Severini who was instrumental in facilitating collection of environmental data and recruitment of controls. We also would like to thank all of the study participants and funding agencies for contributing to the work of this study. The opinions in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the opinions and/or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Supported in part by Grant no. DAMD 17-01-1-0244 with the Department of Defense and the Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Foundation. NR 42 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPANDIDOS PUBL LTD PI ATHENS PA POB 18179, ATHENS, 116 10, GREECE SN 1021-335X J9 ONCOL REP JI Oncol. Rep. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 24 IS 5 BP 1277 EP 1284 DI 10.3892/or_00000983 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 666JX UT WOS:000283112200022 PM 20878121 ER PT J AU Cooper, GS Wither, J Bernatsky, S Claudio, JO Clarke, A Rioux, JD Fortin, PR AF Cooper, Glinda S. Wither, Joan Bernatsky, Sasha Claudio, Jaime O. Clarke, Ann Rioux, John D. Fortin, Paul R. CA CaNIOS GenES Investigators TI Occupational and environmental exposures and risk of systemic lupus erythematosus: silica, sunlight, solvents SO RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Systemic lupus erythematosus; Risk factors; Silica; Ultraviolet radiation; Solvents; Occupation; Environment ID ANTI-DNA SPECIFICITY; TIME SPENT OUTDOORS; AUTOREACTIVE RESPONSES; CRYSTALLINE SILICA; AUTOIMMUNE-DISEASE; T-CELLS; PHTHALATE; WORKERS; AGREEMENT AB Methods. SLE cases (n = 258) were recruited from 11 rheumatology centres across Canada. Controls (without SLE, n = 263) were randomly selected from phone number listings and matched to cases by age, sex and area of residence. Data were collected using a structured telephone interview. Results. An association was seen with outdoor work in the 12 months preceding diagnosis [odds ratio (OR) 2.0; 95% CI 1.1, 3.8]; effect modification by sun reaction was suggested, with the strongest effect among people who reported reacting to midday sun with a blistering sunburn or a rash (OR 7.9; 95% CI 0.97, 64.7). Relatively strong but imprecise associations were seen with work as an artist working with paints, dyes or developing film (OR 3.9; 95% CI 1.3, 12.3) and work that included applying nail polish or nail applications (OR 10.2; 95% CI 1.3, 81.5). Patients were more likely than controls to report participation in pottery or ceramics work as a leisure activity, with an increased risk among individuals with a total frequency of at least 26 days (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.1, 3.9). Analyses of potential respirable silica exposures suggested an exposure-response gradient (OR 1.0, 1.4. and 2.1 for zero, one and two or more sources of exposure, respectively; trend test P < 0.01). Conclusions. This study supports the role of specific occupational and non-occupational exposures in the development of SLE. C1 [Cooper, Glinda S.] George Washington Univ, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Washington, DC USA. [Cooper, Glinda S.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Wither, Joan] Toronto Western Hosp, Dept Rheumatol, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada. [Bernatsky, Sasha; Clarke, Ann] McGill Univ, Dept Med, Ctr Hlth, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Claudio, Jaime O.; Fortin, Paul R.] Univ Hlth Network, Toronto Western Hosp, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Rioux, John D.] Univ Toronto, Toronto Western Hosp, Lab Genet & Med Genom Inflammat, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada. RP Cooper, GS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment 8601P, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM cooper.glinda@epa.gov RI Rioux, John/A-9599-2015; Pope, Janet/G-3342-2011; OI Rioux, John/0000-0001-7560-8326; Peschken, Christine/0000-0002-4269-5213 FU Arthritis Centre of Excellence; University of Toronto; Lupus Canada; Lupus Ontario; Lupus Foundation of Ontario; BC Lupus; Arthritis and Autoimmune Research Centre Foundation; McGill University, Department of Medicine and Research Institute; Singer Family Fund for Lupus Research; Canadian Institutes of Health Research [62840]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health FX P.R.F. is a Distinguished Senior Investigator of The Arthritis Society with additional support from the Arthritis Centre of Excellence, University of Toronto. He is one of the Centre Directors of the Lupus Clinical Trial Consortium. CaNIOS is supported in part by Lupus Canada, Lupus Ontario, the Lupus Foundation of Ontario and BC Lupus as well as by the Arthritis and Autoimmune Research Centre Foundation. J.W. is supported by the Arthritis Centre of Excellence. Much of G.S.C.'s work on this project was conducted while at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency. S.B. is a Canadian Institutes of Health Research Junior Investigator and Canadian Arthritis Network Scholar and is supported by the McGill University, Department of Medicine and Research Institute. A.C. is a National Scholar of the Fonds de la Recherche en Sante du Quebec, and co-director of the McGill University Health Centre Lupus Clinic, which is supported by the Singer Family Fund for Lupus Research.; This study is funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Grant No 62840. This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health. NR 29 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-0324 J9 RHEUMATOLOGY JI RHEUMATOLOGY PD NOV PY 2010 VL 49 IS 11 BP 2172 EP 2180 DI 10.1093/rheumatology/keq214 PG 9 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 666MU UT WOS:000283120300025 PM 20675707 ER PT J AU Gerke, TL Scheckel, KG Maynard, JB AF Gerke, Tammie L. Scheckel, Kirk G. Maynard, J. Barry TI Speciation and distribution of vanadium in drinking water iron pipe corrosion by-products SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Iron; V K-eddge; Pb L3-edge; mu-XRF; mu-XANES spectroscopy; Corrosion ID DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEMS; RELEASE; SCALES; MODEL; STEEL; SPECTROSCOPY; TUBERCLES; SURFACE; GROWTH; PH AB Vanadium (V) when ingested from drinking water in high concentrations (>15 mu g L(-1)) is a potential health risk and is on track to becoming a regulated contaminant High concentrations of V have been documented in lead corrosion by-products as Pb(5)(V(5+)O(4))(3)Cl (vanadinite) which. In natural deposits is associated with iron oxides/oxyhydroxides, phases common in iron pipe corrosion by-products The extent of potential reservoirs of V in iron corrosion by-products, its speciation. and mechanism of inclusion however are unknown The aim of this study is to assess these parameters in non corrosion by-products, implementing synchrotron-based mu-XRF mapping and mu-XANES along with traditional physiochemical characterization The morphologies, mineralogies, and chemistry of the samples studied are superficially similar to typical iron corrosion by-products. However, we found V present as discrete grains of Pb(5)(V(5+)O(4))(3)Cl likely embedded in the surface regions of the iron corrosion by-products Concentrations of V observed in bulk XRF analysis ranged from 35 to 899 mg kg(-1). We calculate that even in pipes with iron corrosion by-products with low V concentration, 100 mg kg(-1), as little as 0 0027% of a 0.1-cm thick X 100-cm long section of that corrosion by-product needs to be disturbed to increase V concentrations in the drinking water at the tap to levels well above the 15 mu g L(-1) notification level set by the State of California and could adversely impact human health. In addition, It is likely that large reservoirs of V are associated with iron corrosion by-products in unlined cast iron mains and service branches in numerous drinking water distribution systems (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved. C1 [Gerke, Tammie L.; Maynard, J. Barry] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, LRPCD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Gerke, TL (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RI Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009 OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU NSERC; University of Washington; Simon Fraser University; Advanced Photon Source; U.S Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through Office of Research and Development FX PNC/XOR facilities at the Advanced Photon Source, and research at these facilities, are supported by the U.S Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, a major facilities access grant from NSERC, the University of Washington, Simon Fraser University and the Advanced Photon Source. Use of the Advanced Photon Source is also supported by the U.S Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, contributed to the research described here. It has not been subject to Agency review and, therefore, does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. Mention of trade names of commercial products and companies does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use We would like to thank M. K. DeSantis and Jason Dorch for photographs of the iron corrosion by-products, Dr. Steve Held for use of his personal macros used in portions of the data processing, and Dr. Robert Gordon for providing some standard material for the V K-edge mu-XANES analysis. We would also like to thank Scott A. Walley for his edits and two anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments all of which greatly improved the manuscript. NR 34 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD NOV 1 PY 2010 VL 408 IS 23 BP 5845 EP 5853 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.08.036 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 691HK UT WOS:000285070700028 PM 20863549 ER PT J AU Hornung, MW Degitz, SJ Korte, LM Olson, JM Kosian, PA Linnum, AL Tietge, JE AF Hornung, Michael W. Degitz, Sigmund J. Korte, Lisa M. Olson, Jessica M. Kosian, Patricia A. Linnum, Ann L. Tietge, Joseph E. TI Inhibition of Thyroid Hormone Release from Cultured Amphibian Thyroid Glands by Methimazole, 6-Propylthiouracil, and Perchlorate SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE thyroid hormone; Xenopus laevis; tissue culture; methimazole; perchlorate; 6-propylthiouracil ID XENOPUS-LAEVIS; IN-VITRO; CELL PROLIFERATION; THYROTROPIN; PEROXIDASE; TSH; METAMORPHOSIS; DISRUPTORS; CHEMICALS; RESPONSES AB Thyroid gland explant cultures from prometamorphic Xenopus laevis tadpoles were evaluated for their utility in assessing chemicals for thyroid hormone (TH) synthesis disruption. The response of cultured thyroid glands to bovine thyroid stimulating hormone (bTSH) and the TH synthesis inhibitors methimazole, 6-propylthiouracil, and perchlorate was determined. Thyroid glands continuously exposed for 12 days to graded concentrations of bTSH released thyroxine (T4) in a dose-dependent manner. Over time, the glands appeared to reach a constant daily rate of T4 release. This suggested that the T4 stores in the glands were initially depleted but continuous release was maintained by synthesis of new hormone. The potency of methimazole, 6-propylthiouracil, and perchlorate for inhibiting T4 release was determined using glands cotreated with a single maximally effective bTSH concentration and graded concentrations of chemical. Inhibition of T4 release was dose dependent for all three chemicals. Perchlorate was the most potent inhibitor of T4 release. Methimazole and 6-propylthiouracil exhibited lower potency than perchlorate but similar potency to each other. The IC50 (mean +/- SD) for inhibition of T4 release by the thyroid glands was 1.2 +/- 0.55, 8.6 +/- 1.3, and 13 +/- 4.0 mu M for perchlorate, 6-propylthiouracil, and methimazole, respectively. This model system shows promise as a tool to evaluate the potency of chemicals that inhibit T4 release from thyroid glands and may be predictive of in vivo T4 synthesis inhibition in prometamorphic tadpoles. C1 [Hornung, Michael W.; Degitz, Sigmund J.; Kosian, Patricia A.; Linnum, Ann L.; Tietge, Joseph E.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55803 USA. [Korte, Lisa M.; Olson, Jessica M.] Student Contractor Serv, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Hornung, MW (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55803 USA. EM hornung.michael@epa.gov NR 35 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 17 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 118 IS 1 BP 42 EP 51 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfq166 PG 10 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 666DN UT WOS:000283092200007 PM 20530234 ER PT J AU DiMaggio, PA Subramani, A Judson, RS Floudas, CA AF DiMaggio, Peter A., Jr. Subramani, Ashwin Judson, Richard S. Floudas, Christodoulos A. TI A Novel Framework for Predicting In Vivo Toxicities from In Vitro Data Using Optimal Methods for Dense and Sparse Matrix Reordering and Logistic Regression SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE environmental toxicology; in vitro and alternatives; biclustering; integer linear optimization ID MOLECULAR DISCOVERY; MICROARRAY DATA; 200 PESTICIDES; CHEMICALS; GENES; CELLS AB In this work, we combine the strengths of mixed-integer linear optimization (MILP) and logistic regression for predicting the in vivo toxicity of chemicals using only their measured in vitro assay data. The proposed approach utilizes a biclustering method based on iterative optimal reordering (DiMaggio, P. A., McAllister, S. R., Floudas, C. A., Feng, X. J., Rabinowitz, J. D., and Rabitz, H. A. (2008). Biclustering via optimal re-ordering of data matrices in systems biology: rigorous methods and comparative studies. BMC Bioinformatics 9, 458-474.; DiMaggio, P. A., McAllister, S. R., Floudas, C. A., Feng, X. J., Rabinowitz, J. D., and Rabitz, H. A. (2010b). A network flow model for biclustering via optimal re-ordering of data matrices. J. Global. Optim. 47, 343-354.) to identify biclusters corresponding to subsets of chemicals that have similar responses over distinct subsets of the in vitro assays. The biclustering of the in vitro assays is shown to result in significant clustering based on assay target (e.g., cytochrome P450 [CYP] and nuclear receptors) and type (e.g., downregulated BioMAP and biochemical high-throughput screening protein kinase activity assays). An optimal method based on mixed-integer linear optimization for reordering sparse data matrices (DiMaggio, P. A., McAllister, S. R., Floudas, C. A., Feng, X. J., Li, G. Y., Rabinowitz, J. D., and Rabitz, H. A. (2010a). Enhancing molecular discovery using descriptor-free rearrangement clustering techniques for sparse data sets. AIChE J. 56, 405-418.; McAllister, S. R., DiMaggio, P. A., and Floudas, C. A. (2009). Mathematical modeling and efficient optimization methods for the distance-dependent rearrangement clustering problem. J. Global. Optim. 45, 111-129) is then applied to the in vivo data set (21.7% sparse) in order to cluster end points that have similar lowest effect level (LEL) values, where it is observed that the end points are effectively clustered according to (1) animal species (i.e., the chronic mouse and chronic rat end points were clearly separated) and (2) similar physiological attributes (i.e., liver- and reproductive-related end points were found to separately cluster together). As the liver and reproductive end points exhibited the largest degree of correlation, we further analyzed them using regularized logistic regression in a rank-and-drop framework to identify which subset of in vitro features could be utilized for in vivo toxicity prediction. It was observed that the in vivo end points that had similar LEL responses over the 309 chemicals (as determined by the sparse clustering results) also shared a significant subset of selected in vitro descriptors. Comparing the significant descriptors between the two different categories of end points revealed a specificity of the CYP assays for the liver end points and preferential selection of the estrogen/androgen nuclear receptors by the reproductive end points. C1 [DiMaggio, Peter A., Jr.; Subramani, Ashwin; Floudas, Christodoulos A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Judson, Richard S.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Floudas, CA (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM floudas@titan.princeton.edu OI DiMaggio, Peter/0000-0003-1996-0813; Judson, Richard/0000-0002-2348-9633 FU National Institutes of Health [R01LM009338]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA [R 832721-010] FX National Institutes of Health (R01LM009338 to C.A.F.); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA (R 832721-010 to C.A.F.). NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 118 IS 1 BP 251 EP 265 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfq233 PG 15 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 666DN UT WOS:000283092200026 PM 20702588 ER PT J AU Jain, P Townsend, TG Tolaymat, TM AF Jain, Pradeep Townsend, Timothy G. Tolaymat, Thabet M. TI Steady-state design of vertical wells for liquids addition at bioreactor landfills SO WASTE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID MUNICIPAL SOLID-WASTE AB The rate at which liquids can be added to a vertical well, the lateral zone of impact of the well, and the liquids volume needed to wet the waste within the zone of impact of the well are the key inputs needed to design a vertical well system. This paper presents design charts that can be used to estimate these inputs as a function of municipal solid waste properties (porosity, hydraulic conductivity, and anisotropy ratio), well dimensions (radius and screen length), and injection pressure. SEEP/W modeling was conducted to estimate the key design inputs for a range of conditions practically encountered for a vertical well installed in landfilled waste. The flow rate, lateral zone of impact of a well, liquids volume added, and injection pressure were normalized with the waste properties and well dimensions to formulate dimensionless variables. A series of design charts were created to present dimensionless steady-state flow rate, lateral zone of impact, and the dimensionless liquid volume needed to reach a steady-state condition, as a function of dimensionless input variables. By using dimensionless variables formulated for this work, these charts permit the user to estimate the steady-state design variables described above for a wide range of configurations and conditions beyond those simulated without the need for further modeling. The results of the study suggest that the lateral extent of the well can be estimated using Darcy's equation and assuming saturated unit-gradient vertical flow regime below the well bottom. An example problem is presented to illustrate the use of the design charts. The scenario described in the example problem was also modeled with SEEP/W, and the results were compared with those obtained from the design charts to demonstrate the validity of design charts for scenarios other than those used for the development of the design charts. The methodology presented in this paper should be thought of as a means to provide a set of bounds that an engineer can use along with their judgment in the design of a system for a specific site. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Townsend, Timothy G.] Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Jain, Pradeep] Innovat Waste Consulting Serv LLC, Gainesville, FL 32605 USA. [Tolaymat, Thabet M.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Townsend, TG (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, POB 116450, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM pjain@iwcs.biz; ttown@ufl.edu; tolaymat.thabet@epa.gov RI Townsend, Timothy/D-1981-2009 OI Townsend, Timothy/0000-0002-1222-0954 FU The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP05C000550] FX The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here under purchase order number: EP05C000550 to Innovative Waste Consulting Services, LLC. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The scientific views expressed are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the US EPA. NR 26 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0956-053X J9 WASTE MANAGE JI Waste Manage. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 30 IS 11 BP 2022 EP 2029 DI 10.1016/j.wasman.2010.02.020 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 674OD UT WOS:000283755700002 PM 20304622 ER PT J AU Cochran, KM Townsend, TG AF Cochran, K. M. Townsend, T. G. TI Estimating construction and demolition debris generation using a materials flow analysis approach SO WASTE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID LIFE-CYCLE; ENERGY; WASTE AB The magnitude and composition of a region's construction and demolition (C&D) debris should be under-stood when developing rules, policies and strategies for managing this segment of the solid waste stream. In the US, several national estimates have been conducted using a weight-per-construction-area approximation; national estimates using alternative procedures such as those used for other segments of the solid waste stream have not been reported for C&D debris. This paper presents an evaluation of a materials flow analysis (MFA) approach for estimating C&D debris generation and composition for a large region (the US). The consumption of construction materials in the US and typical waste factors used for construction materials purchasing were used to estimate the mass of solid waste generated as a result of construction activities. Debris from demolition activities was predicted from various historical construction materials consumption data and estimates of average service lives of the materials. The MFA approach estimated that approximately 610-780 x 10(6) Mg of C&D debris was generated in 2002. This predicted mass exceeds previous estimates using other C&D debris predictive methodologies and reflects the large waste stream that exists. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Cochran, K. M.] US EPA, Off Resource Conservat & Recovery, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Townsend, T. G.] Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Cochran, KM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Resource Conservat & Recovery, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave NW,Mailcode 5306P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Cochran.Kimberly@epa.gov RI Townsend, Timothy/D-1981-2009 OI Townsend, Timothy/0000-0002-1222-0954 FU Hinkley Center of Solid and Hazardous Waste Management; Florida Department of Environmental Protection,; Clay County, Florida FX The authors would like to acknowledge the Hinkley Center of Solid and Hazardous Waste Management, the Florida Department of Environmental Protection, and Clay County, Florida for their support of this research. NR 38 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 35 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0956-053X J9 WASTE MANAGE JI Waste Manage. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 30 IS 11 BP 2247 EP 2254 DI 10.1016/j.wasman.2010.04.008 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 674OD UT WOS:000283755700030 PM 20472418 ER PT J AU Lai, YC Kao, CM Surampalli, RY Lin, CE Wu, CY AF Lai, Y. C. Kao, C. M. Surampalli, R. Y. Lin, C. E. Wu, C. Y. TI Developing Nonpoint-Source Suspended Solids Control Strategies Using Multimedia Watershed Management Modeling SO WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE best management practice; nonpoint-source pollution; suspended solids; watershed management ID QUALITY; CATCHMENT; RIVER; EXAMPLE; TAIWAN; CHINA; ROADS; LAKES; RISK AB Kaoping River Basin is the largest and most intensively used river basin in Taiwan. In this study, 14 types of land-use patterns in the basin are classified with the aid of the Erdas Imagine process (Erdas, Inc., Atlanta, Georgia) and ArcView geographic information system (GIS) (ESRI, Redlands, California). Results from GIS identification and field verification indicate that orchard gardens, rice paddies, and sugarcane fields dominate the farmland areas in the basin. Investigation results indicate that nonpoint-source (NPS) pollution has significant contributions to the suspended solids load to the Kaoping River during the wet season. The average suspended solids concentrations increased from below 64 mg/L in dry seasons to more than 1700 mg/L in wet seasons. The Integrated Watershed Management Model (Systech Engineering, Inc., San Ramon, California) was applied to simulate the water quality and evaluate the NPS suspended solids load to the river. Modeling results show that forestation and land-use management are feasible best management practices for NPS suspended solids reduction. Water Environ. Res., 82, 2205 (2010). C1 [Lai, Y. C.; Kao, C. M.; Lin, C. E.; Wu, C. Y.] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Inst Environm Engn, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS USA. RP Lai, YC (reprint author), Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Inst Environm Engn, 70 Lienhai Rd, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan. EM jkao@mail.nsysu.edu.tw FU Taiwan National Science Council; Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration (Taipei, Taiwan) FX This study was funded by Taiwan National Science Council and Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration (Taipei, Taiwan). Additional thanks to C.Y. Lin of the National Taipei Technology University (Taiwan), C.Y. Chen of the Tung-Nan Institute of Technology (Taipei, Taiwan), and C.L. Chen of Mega Tech. (Los Angeles, California), for their assistance throughout this project. The views or opinions expressed in this article are those of the writers and should not be construed as opinions of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Washington, D.C.). NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 11 PU WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION PI ALEXANDRIA PA 601 WYTHE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1994 USA SN 1061-4303 J9 WATER ENVIRON RES JI Water Environ. Res. PD NOV PY 2010 VL 82 IS 11 BP 2205 EP 2218 DI 10.2175/106143010X12681059116455 PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 665OP UT WOS:000283045600001 PM 21141382 ER PT J AU Wade, TJ Sams, E Brenner, KP Haugland, R Chern, E Beach, M Wymer, L Rankin, CC Love, D Li, QL Noble, R Dufour, AP AF Wade, Timothy J. Sams, Elizabeth Brenner, Kristen P. Haugland, Richard Chern, Eunice Beach, Michael Wymer, Larry Rankin, Clifford C. Love, David Li, Quanlin Noble, Rachel Dufour, Alfred P. TI Rapidly measured indicators of recreational water quality and swimming-associated illness at marine beaches: a prospective cohort study SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; GASTROINTESTINAL ILLNESS; FECAL CONTAMINATION; DIARRHEAL ILLNESS; BACTERIA; GASTROENTERITIS; CALIFORNIA; FOODNET; CULTURE; BURDEN AB Introduction: In the United States and elsewhere, recreational water quality is monitored for fecal indicator bacteria to help prevent swimming-associated illnesses. Standard methods to measure these bacteria take at least 24 hours to obtain results. Molecular approaches such as quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) can estimate these bacteria faster, in under 3 hours. Previously, we demonstrated that measurements of the fecal indicator bacteria Enterococcus using qPCR were associated with gastrointestinal (GI) illness among swimmers at freshwater beaches. In this paper, we report on results from three marine beach sites. Methods: We interviewed beach-goers and collected water samples at marine beaches affected by treated sewage discharges in Mississippi in 2005, and Rhode Island and Alabama in 2007. Ten to twelve days later, we obtained information about gastrointestinal, respiratory, eye, ear and skin symptoms by telephone. We tested water samples for fecal indicator organisms using qPCR and other methods. Results: We enrolled 6,350 beach-goers. The occurrence of GI illness among swimmers was associated with a log(10)-increase in exposure to qPCR-determined estimates of fecal indicator organisms in the genus Enterococcus (AOR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.3-5.1) and order Bacteroidales (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.3-2.9). Estimates of organisms related to Clostridium perfringens and a subgroup of organisms in the genus Bacteroides were also determined by qPCR in 2007, as was F+ coliphage, but relationships between these indicators and illness were not statistically significant. Conclusions: This study provides the first evidence of a relationship between gastrointestinal illness and estimates of fecal indicator organisms determined by qPCR at marine beaches. C1 [Wade, Timothy J.; Sams, Elizabeth; Li, Quanlin] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Brenner, Kristen P.; Haugland, Richard; Chern, Eunice; Wymer, Larry; Rankin, Clifford C.; Dufour, Alfred P.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Beach, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Love, David] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Noble, Rachel] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Wade, TJ (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM wade.tim@epa.gov RI Guan, Xiaokang/A-6675-2012; Li, Quanlin/H-2358-2015 OI Li, Quanlin/0000-0002-3876-0617 NR 51 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 3 U2 38 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-069X J9 ENVIRON HEALTH-GLOB JI Environ. Health PD OCT 31 PY 2010 VL 9 AR 66 DI 10.1186/1476-069X-9-66 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 684KY UT WOS:000284550000001 PM 21040526 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Liu, P Liu, XH Jacobson, MZ McMurry, PH Yu, FQ Yu, SC Schere, KL AF Zhang, Yang Liu, Ping Liu, Xiao-Huan Jacobson, Mark Z. McMurry, Peter H. Yu, Fangqun Yu, Shaocai Schere, Kenneth L. TI A comparative study of nucleation parameterizations: 2. Three-dimensional model application and evaluation SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID ACID-WATER NUCLEATION; ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; SULFURIC-ACID; AEROSOL DYNAMICS; NUMBER CONCENTRATIONS; BOUNDARY-LAYER; UNITED-STATES; ORGANIC-ACIDS; GLOBAL CCN AB Following the examination and evaluation of 12 nucleation parameterizations presented in part 1, 11 of them representing binary, ternary, kinetic, and cluster-activated nucleation theories are evaluated in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system version 4.4. The 12-28 June 1999 Southern Oxidants Study episode is selected as a testbed to evaluate simulated particulate matter (PM) number and size predictions of CMAQ with different nucleation parameterizations. The evaluation shows that simulated domain-wide maximum PM2.5 number concentrations with different nucleation parameterizations can vary by 3 orders of magnitude. All parameterizations overpredict (by a factor of 1.4 to 1.7) the total number concentrations of accumulation-mode PM and significantly underpredict (by factors of 1.3 to 65.7) those of Aitken-mode PM, resulting in a net underprediction (by factors of 1.3 to 13.7) of the total number concentrations of PM2.5 under a polluted urban environment at a downtown station in Atlanta. The predicted number concentrations for Aitken-mode PM at this site can vary by up to 3 orders of magnitude, and those for accumulation-mode PM can vary by up to a factor of 3.2, with the best predictions by the power law of Sihto et al. (2006) (NMB of -31.7%) and the worst predictions by the ternary nucleation parameterization of Merikanto et al. (2007) (NMB of -93.1%). The ternary nucleation parameterization of Napari et al. (2002) gives relatively good agreement with observations but for a wrong reason. The power law of Kuang et al. (2008) and the binary nucleation parameterization of Harrington and Kreidenweis (1998) give better agreement than the remaining parameterizations. All the parameterizations fail to reproduce the observed temporal variations of PM number, volume, and surface area concentrations. The significant variation in the performance of these parameterizations is caused by their different theoretical bases, formulations, and dependence on temperature, relative humidity, and the ambient levels of H2SO4 and NH3. The controlling processes are different for PM number, mass, and surface areas. At urban/rural locations, some PM processes (e. g., homogeneous nucleation) and/or vertical transport may dominate the production of PM2.5 number, and emissions, or PM processes, or vertical transport or their combinations may dominate the production of PM2.5 mass and surface area. Dry deposition or some PM processes such as coagulation may dominate PM2.5 number loss, and horizontal and vertical transport, and cloud processes (e. g., cloud scavenging and wet deposition) may dominate the loss of PM2.5 mass and surface area concentrations. Sensitivity simulations show that the PM number and size distribution predictions are most sensitive to prescribed emission fractions of Aitken and accumulation-mode PM and the assumed initial PM size distribution, in addition to different nucleation parameterizations. C1 [Zhang, Yang; Liu, Ping; Liu, Xiao-Huan] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Liu, Ping] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Liu, Xiao-Huan] Shandong Univ, Environm Res Inst, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China. [Jacobson, Mark Z.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [McMurry, Peter H.] Univ Minnesota Twin Cities, Dept Mech Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Yu, Fangqun] SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Yu, Shaocai; Schere, Kenneth L.] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Campus Box 8208, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM yang_zhang@ncsu.edu RI yu, shaocai/G-7806-2011; Yu, Fangqun/F-3708-2011; McMurry, Peter/A-8245-2008; sdu, eri/O-2991-2015; SDU, Environ Res/P-4462-2015; yu, shaocai/F-1394-2014 OI Yu, Fangqun/0000-0003-0874-4883; McMurry, Peter/0000-0003-1609-5131; FU NSF [Atm-0348819, ATM-0506674, AGS-0942106]; NOAA [NA03NES4400015]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); U.S. Department of Commerce's National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) [DW13921548]; USDA at North Carolina State University [2008-35112-18758] FX This work was supported by the NSF award Atm-0348819, the NOAA award NA03NES4400015 and the Memorandum of Understanding between the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U.S. Department of Commerce's National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and under agreement DW13921548, and the National Research Initiative Competitive Grant 2008-35112-18758 from the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service Air Quality Program at North Carolina State University. P. H. M. was supported by NSF award ATM-0506674. F.Y. acknowledges support from NSF award AGS-0942106. Thanks are owed to Hanna Vehkamaki, University of Helsinki, Finland, for providing a corrected version of code for Merikanto et al.'s [2007] parameterization, Alan Hansen, EPRI, for permitting the use of the ARIES PM number and size distribution data for model evaluation, Prakash V. Bhave, U.S. EPA, for helpful discussions during an early stage of this work, and Kai Wang, NCSU, for help in postprocessing process analysis results. Although this work was reviewed by EPA and approved for publication, it does not necessarily reflect their policies or views. NR 80 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 27 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD OCT 29 PY 2010 VL 115 AR D20213 DI 10.1029/2010JD014151 PG 26 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 674MP UT WOS:000283750600007 ER PT J AU Herr, DW Mwanza, JC Lyke, DF Graff, JE Moser, VC Padilla, S AF Herr, David W. Mwanza, Jean-Claude Lyke, Danielle F. Graff, Jaimie E. Moser, Virginia C. Padilla, Stephanie TI Relationship between brain and plasma carbaryl levels and cholinesterase inhibition SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Carbaryl; Cholinesterase; Tissue levels; Brain; Plasma ID IN-VITRO METABOLISM; TIME-COURSE; RATS; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; SENSITIVITY; CARBAMATE; TISSUES; FETAL; TOXICOKINETICS; CHLORPYRIFOS AB Carbaryl is a N-methylcarbamate pesticide and, like others in this class, is a reversible inhibitor of cholinesterase (ChE) enzymes. Although studied for many years, there is a surprising lack of information relating tissue levels of carbaryl with ChE activity in the same animals. The present studies were undertaken to describe the dose-response relationship about 40 min (approximate time of maximal ChE inhibition) after oral treatment in adult, post-natal day (PND) 17, and PND11 rats. Additionally, the time-course of plasma ChE activity and carbaryl levels in adult rats was determined after a 30 mg/kg dosage of carbaryl. The time-course study found that carbaryl levels could be detected in plasma 1 h after dosing, but rapidly decreased below the level of quantitation by the 2 h time point. In the dose-response studies, treatment-related increases in plasma and brain carbaryl levels were observed 40 min after dosing. Plasma levels of carbaryl increased linearly, while brain levels appeared to asymptote after 75 mg/kg carbaryl. Plasma and brain levels of carbaryl appeared to be linearly related with a slope close to 1 after various dosages (range: 1-75 mg/kg) of carbaryl at the 40 min time point. Finally, the dose-related relationship between tissue levels of carbaryl and ChE activity was described using a first order exponential decay function with an asymptote. The parameters of this function did not appear to differ between adult, PND17, or PND11 rats. This indicates that age-related differences in brain ChE inhibition by carbaryl are unlikely to be the result of greater tissue levels of the pesticide in PND11 animals. These are the first studies to report the relationship between brain and plasma tissue levels of carbaryl and ChE activity on an individual animal basis. The results of these experiments will be useful to extend physiologically-based pharmacokinetic models for carbaryl and their application in risk assessment. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Herr, David W.; Lyke, Danielle F.; Moser, Virginia C.] US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch, Toxic Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Mwanza, Jean-Claude] CNR, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Padilla, Stephanie] US EPA, Genet & Cellular Toxicol Branch, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Graff, Jaimie E.] US EPA, Immediate Off, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Herr, DW (reprint author), US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch, Toxic Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD B105-05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Herr.david@epa.gov; jcmwanza@med.miami.edu; Like.danielle@epa.gov; Graff.jaimie@epa.gov; Moser.ginger@epa.gov; Padilla.stephanie@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The information in this document has been funded wholly (or in part) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 40 TC 6 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD OCT 29 PY 2010 VL 276 IS 3 BP 172 EP 183 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2010.08.001 PG 12 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 674QC UT WOS:000283761300004 PM 20708061 ER PT J AU Altshuler, D Durbin, RM Abecasis, GR Bentley, DR Chakravarti, A Clark, AG Collins, FS De la Vega, FM Donnelly, P Egholm, M Flicek, P Gabriel, SB Gibbs, RA Knoppers, BM Lander, ES Lehrach, H Mardis, ER McVean, GA Nickerson, D Peltonen, L Schafer, AJ Sherry, ST Wang, J Wilson, RK Gibbs, RA Deiros, D Metzker, M Muzny, D Reid, J Wheeler, D Wang, J Li, JX Jian, M Li, G Li, RQ Liang, HQ Tian, G Wang, B Wang, J Wang, W Yang, HM Zhang, XQ Zheng, HS Lander, ES Altshuler, DL Ambrogio, L Bloom, T Cibulskis, K Fennell, TJ Gabriel, SB Jaffe, DB Shefler, E Sougnez, CL Bentley, DR Gormley, N Humphray, S Kingsbury, Z Koko-Gonzales, P Stone, J McKernan, KJ Costa, GL Ichikawa, JK Lee, CC Sudbrak, R Lehrach, H Borodina, TA Dahl, A Davydov, AN Marquardt, P Mertes, F Nietfeld, W Rosenstiel, P Schreiber, S Soldatov, AV Timmermann, B Tolzmann, M Egholm, M Affourtit, J Ashworth, D Attiya, S Bachorski, M Buglione, E Burke, A Caprio, A Celone, C Clark, S Conners, D Desany, B Gu, L Guccione, L Kao, K Kebbel, A Knowlton, J Labrecque, M McDade, L Mealmaker, C Minderman, M Nawrocki, A Niazi, F Pareja, K Ramenani, R Riches, D Song, W Turcotte, C Wang, S Mardis, ER Dooling, D Fulton, L Fulton, R Weinstock, G Durbin, RM Burton, J Carter, DM Churcher, C Coffey, A Cox, A Palotie, A Quail, M Skelly, T Stalker, J Swerdlow, HP Turner, D De Witte, A Giles, S Gibbs, RA Wheeler, D Bainbridge, M Challis, D Sabo, A Yu, F Yu, J Wang, J Fang, XD Guo, XS Li, RQ Li, YR Luo, RB Tai, S Wu, HL Zheng, HC Zheng, XL Zhou, Y Yang, HM Marth, GT Garrison, EP Huang, W Indap, A Kural, D Lee, WP Leong, WF Huang, WC Indap, A Kural, D Lee, WP Leong, WF Quinlan, AR Stewart, C Stromberg, MP Ward, AN Wu, JT Lee, C Mills, RE Shi, XH Daly, MJ DePristo, MA Altshuler, DL Ball, AD Banks, E Bloom, T Browning, BL Cibulskis, K Fennell, TJ Garimella, KV Grossman, SR Handsaker, RE Hanna, M Hartl, C Jaffe, DB Kernytsky, AM Korn, JM Li, H Maguire, JR McCarroll, SA McKenna, A Nemesh, JC Philippakis, AA Poplin, RE Price, A Rivas, MA Sabeti, PC Schaffner, SF Shefler, E Shlyakhter, IA Cooper, DN Ball, EV Mort, M Phillips, AD Stenson, PD Sebat, J Makarov, V Ye, K Yoon, SC Bustamante, CD Clark, AG Boyko, A Degenhardt, J Gravel, S Gutenkunst, RN Kaganovich, M Keinan, A Lacroute, P Ma, X Reynolds, A Clarke, L Flicek, P Cunningham, F Herrero, J Keenen, S Kulesha, E Leinonen, R McLaren, W Radhakrishnan, R Smith, RE Zalunin, V Zheng-Bradley, XQ Korbel, JO Stutz, AM Humphray, S Bauer, M Cheetham, RK Cox, T Eberle, M James, T Kahn, S Murray, L Ye, K De La Vega, FM Fu, YT Hyland, FCL Manning, JM McLaughlin, SF Peckham, HE Sakarya, O Sun, YA Tsung, EF Batzer, MA Konkel, MK Walker, JA Sudbrak, R Albrecht, MW Amstislavskiy, VS Herwig, R Parkhomchuk, DV Sherry, ST Agarwala, R Khouri, H Morgulis, AO Paschall, JE Phan, LD Rotmistrovsky, KE Sanders, RD Shumway, MF Xiao, CL McVean, GA Auton, A Iqbal, Z Lunter, G Marchini, JL Moutsianas, L Myers, S Tumian, A Desany, B Knight, J Winer, R Craig, DW Beckstrom-Sternberg, SM Christoforides, A Kurdoglu, AA Pearson, J Sinari, SA Tembe, WD Haussler, D Hinrichs, AS Katzman, SJ Kern, A Kuhn, RM Przeworski, M Hernandez, RD Howie, B Kelley, JL Melton, SC Abecasis, GR Li, Y Anderson, P Blackwell, T Chen, W Cookson, WO Ding, J Kang, HM Lathrop, M Liang, LM Moffatt, MF Scheet, P Sidore, C Snyder, M Zhan, XW Zollner, S Awadalla, P Casals, F Idaghdour, Y Keebler, J Stone, EA Zilversmit, M Jorde, L Xing, JC Eichler, EE Aksay, G Alkan, C Hajirasouliha, I Hormozdiari, F Kidd, JM Sahinalp, SC Sudmant, PH Mardis, ER Chen, K Chinwalla, A Ding, L Koboldt, DC McLellan, MD Dooling, D Weinstock, G Wallis, JW Wendl, MC Zhang, QY Durbin, RM Albers, CA Ayub, Q Balasubramaniam, S Barrett, JC Carter, DM Chen, YA Conrad, DF Danecek, P Dermitzakis, ET Hu, M Huang, N Hurles, ME Jin, HJ Jostins, L Keane, TM Keane, TM Le, SQ Lindsay, S Long, QA MacArthur, DG Montgomery, SB Parts, L Stalker, J Tyler-Smith, C Walter, K Zhang, YJ Gerstein, MB Snyder, M Abyzov, A Abyzov, A Balasubramanian, S Bjornson, R Du, JA Grubert, F Habegger, L Haraksingh, R Jee, J Khurana, E Lam, HYK Leng, J Mu, XJ Urban, AE Zhang, ZD Li, YR Luo, RB Marth, GT Garrison, EP Kural, D Quinlan, AR Stewart, C Stromberg, MP Ward, AN Wu, JT Lee, C Mills, RE Shi, XH McCarroll, SA Banks, E DePristo, MA Handsaker, RE Hartl, C Korn, JM Li, H Nemesh, JC Sebat, J Makarov, V Ye, K Yoon, SC Degenhardt, J Kaganovich, M Clarke, L Smith, RE Zheng-Bradley, XQ Korbel, JO Humphray, S Cheetham, RK Eberle, M Kahn, S Murray, L Ye, K De la Vega, FM Fu, YT Peckham, HE Sun, YA Batzer, MA Konkel, MK Xiao, CL Iqbal, Z Desany, B Blackwell, T Snyder, M Xing, JC Eichler, EE Aksay, G Alkan, C Hajirasouliha, I Hormozdiari, F Kidd, JM Chen, K Chinwalla, A Ding, L McLellan, MD Wallis, JW Hurles, ME Conrad, DF Walter, K Zhang, YJ Gerstein, MB Snyder, M Abyzov, A Du, JA Grubert, F Haraksingh, R Jee, J Khurana, E Lam, HYK Leng, J Mu, XJ Urban, AE Zhang, ZD Gibbs, RA Bainbridge, M Challis, D Coafra, C Dinh, H Kovar, C Lee, S Muzny, D Nazareth, L Reid, J Sabo, A Yu, FL Yu, J Marth, GT Garrison, EP Indap, A Leong, WF Quinlan, AR Stewart, C Ward, AN Wu, JT Cibulskis, K Fennell, TJ Gabriel, SB Garimella, KV Hartl, C Shefler, E Sougnez, CL Wilkinson, J Clark, AG Gravel, S Grubert, F Clarke, L Flicek, P Smith, RE Zheng-Bradley, XQ Sherry, ST Khouri, HM Paschall, JE Shumway, MF Xiao, CL McVean, GA Katzman, SJ Abecasis, GR Blackwell, T Mardis, ER Dooling, D Fulton, L Fulton, R Koboldt, DC Durbin, RM Balasubramaniam, S Coffey, A Keane, TM MacArthur, DG Palotie, A Scott, C Stalker, J Tyler-Smith, C Gerstein, MB Balasubramanian, S Chakravarti, A Knoppers, BM Peltonen, L Abecasis, GR Bustamante, CD Gharani, N Gibbs, RA Jorde, L Kaye, JS Kent, A Li, T McGuire, AL McVean, GA Ossorio, PN Rotimi, CN Su, YY Toji, LH Tyler-Smith, C Brooks, LD Felsenfeld, AL McEwen, JE Abdallah, A Christopher, R Clemm, NC Collins, FS Duncanson, A Green, ED Guyer, MS Peterson, JL Schafer, AJ Abecasis, GR Altshuler, DL Auton, A Brooks, LD Durbin, RM Gibbs, RA Hurles, ME McVean, GA AF Altshuler, David Durbin, Richard M. Abecasis, Goncalo R. Bentley, David R. Chakravarti, Aravinda Clark, Andrew G. Collins, Francis S. De la Vega, Francisco M. Donnelly, Peter Egholm, Michael Flicek, Paul Gabriel, Stacey B. Gibbs, Richard A. Knoppers, Bartha M. Lander, Eric S. Lehrach, Hans Mardis, Elaine R. McVean, Gil A. Nickerson, DebbieA. Peltonen, Leena Schafer, Alan J. Sherry, Stephen T. Wang, Jun Wilson, Richard K. Gibbs, Richard A. Deiros, David Metzker, Mike Muzny, Donna Reid, Jeff Wheeler, David Wang, Jun Li, Jingxiang Jian, Min Li, Guoqing Li, Ruiqiang Liang, Huiqing Tian, Geng Wang, Bo Wang, Jian Wang, Wei Yang, Huanming Zhang, Xiuqing Zheng, Huisong Lander, Eric S. Altshuler, David L. Ambrogio, Lauren Bloom, Toby Cibulskis, Kristian Fennell, Tim J. Gabriel, Stacey B. Jaffe, David B. Shefler, Erica Sougnez, Carrie L. Bentley, David R. Gormley, Niall Humphray, Sean Kingsbury, Zoya Koko-Gonzales, Paula Stone, Jennifer McKernan, Kevin J. Costa, Gina L. Ichikawa, Jeffry K. Lee, Clarence C. Sudbrak, Ralf Lehrach, Hans Borodina, Tatiana A. Dahl, Andreas Davydov, Alexey N. Marquardt, Peter Mertes, Florian Nietfeld, Wilfiried Rosenstiel, Philip Schreiber, Stefan Soldatov, Aleksey V. Timmermann, Bernd Tolzmann, Marius Egholm, Michael Affourtit, Jason Ashworth, Dana Attiya, Said Bachorski, Melissa Buglione, Eli Burke, Adam Caprio, Amanda Celone, Christopher Clark, Shauna Conners, David Desany, Brian Gu, Lisa Guccione, Lorri Kao, Kalvin Kebbel, Andrew Knowlton, Jennifer Labrecque, Matthew McDade, Louise Mealmaker, Craig Minderman, Melissa Nawrocki, Anne Niazi, Faheem Pareja, Kristen Ramenani, Ravi Riches, David Song, Wanmin Turcotte, Cynthia Wang, Shally Mardis, Elaine R. Dooling, David Fulton, Lucinda Fulton, Robert Weinstock, George Durbin, Richard M. Burton, John Carter, David M. Churcher, Carol Coffey, Alison Cox, Anthony Palotie, Aarno Quail, Michael Skelly, Tom Stalker, James Swerdlow, Harold P. Turner, Daniel De Witte, Anniek Giles, Shane Gibbs, Richard A. Wheeler, David Bainbridge, Matthew Challis, Danny Sabo, Aniko Yu, Fuli Yu, Jin Wang, Jun Fang, Xiaodong Guo, Xiaosen Li, Ruiqiang Li, Yingrui Luo, Ruibang Tai, Shuaishuai Wu, Honglong Zheng, Hancheng Zheng, Xiaole Zhou, Yan Yang, Huanming Marth, Gabor T. Garrison, Erik P. Huang, Weichun Indap, Amit Kural, Deniz Lee, Wan-Ping Leong, Wen Fung Huang, Weichun Indap, Amit Kural, Deniz Lee, Wan-Ping Leong, Wen Fung Quinlan, Aaron R. Stewart, Chip Stromberg, Michael P. Ward, Alistair N. Wu, Jiantao Lee, Charles Mills, Ryan E. Shi, Xinghua Daly, Mark J. DePristo, Mark A. Altshuler, David L. Ball, Aaron D. Banks, Eric Bloom, Toby Browning, Brian L. Cibulskis, Kristian Fennell, Tim J. Garimella, Kiran V. Grossman, Sharon R. Handsaker, Robert E. Hanna, Matt Hartl, Chris Jaffe, David B. Kernytsky, Andrew M. Korn, Joshua M. Li, Heng Maguire, Jared R. McCarroll, Steven A. McKenna, Aaron Nemesh, James C. Philippakis, Anthony A. Poplin, Ryan E. Price, Alkes Rivas, Manuel A. Sabeti, Pardis C. Schaffner, Stephen F. Shefler, Erica Shlyakhter, Ilya A. Cooper, David N. Ball, Edward V. Mort, Matthew Phillips, Andrew D. Stenson, Peter D. Sebat, Jonathan Makarov, Vladimir Ye, Kenny Yoon, Seungtai C. Bustamante, Carlos D. Clark, Andrew G. Boyko, Adam Degenhardt, Jeremiah Gravel, Simon Gutenkunst, Ryan N. Kaganovich, Mark Keinan, Alon Lacroute, Phil Ma, Xia Reynolds, Andy Clarke, Laura Flicek, Paul Cunningham, Fiona Herrero, Javier Keenen, Stephen Kulesha, Eugene Leinonen, Rasko McLaren, WilliamM. Radhakrishnan, Rajesh Smith, Richard E. Zalunin, Vadim Zheng-Bradley, Xiangqun Korbel, Jan O. Stuetz, Adrian M. Humphray, Sean Bauer, Markus Cheetham, R. Keira Cox, Tony Eberle, Michael James, Terena Kahn, Scott Murray, Lisa Ye, Kai De La Vega, Francisco M. Fu, Yutao Hyland, Fiona C. L. Manning, Jonathan M. McLaughlin, Stephen F. Peckham, Heather E. Sakarya, Onur Sun, Yongming A. Tsung, Eric F. Batzer, Mark A. Konkel, Miriam K. Walker, Jerilyn A. Sudbrak, Ralf Albrecht, Marcus W. Amstislavskiy, Vyacheslav S. Herwig, Ralf Parkhomchuk, Dimitri V. Sherry, Stephen T. Agarwala, Richa Khouri, Hodam. Morgulis, Aleksandr O. Paschall, Justin E. Phan, Lon D. Rotmistrovsky, Kirill E. Sanders, Robert D. Shumway, Martin F. Xiao, Chunlin McVean, Gil A. Auton, Adam Iqbal, Zamin Lunter, Gerton Marchini, Jonathan L. Moutsianas, Loukas Myers, Simon Tumian, Afidalina Desany, Brian Knight, James Winer, Roger Craig, David W. Beckstrom-Sternberg, Steve M. Christoforides, Alexis Kurdoglu, Ahmet A. Pearson, Johnv. Sinari, Shripad A. Tembe, Waibhav D. Haussler, David Hinrichs, Angie S. Katzman, Sol J. Kern, Andrew Kuhn, Robert M. Przeworski, Molly Hernandez, Ryan D. Howie, Bryan Kelley, Joanna L. Melton, S. Cord Abecasis, Goncalo R. Li, Yun Anderson, Paul Blackwell, Tom Chen, Wei Cookson, William O. Ding, Jun Kang, Hyun Min Lathrop, Mark Liang, Liming Moffatt, Miriam F. Scheet, Paul Sidore, Carlo Snyder, Matthew Zhan, Xiaowei Zoellner, Sebastian Awadalla, Philip Casals, Ferran Idaghdour, Youssef Keebler, John Stone, Eric A. Zilversmit, Martine Jorde, Lynn Xing, Jinchuan Eichler, Evan E. Aksay, Gozde Alkan, Can Hajirasouliha, Iman Hormozdiari, Fereydoun Kidd, Jeffrey M. Sahinalp, S. Cenk Sudmant, Peter H. Mardis, Elaine R. Chen, Ken Chinwalla, Asif Ding, Li Koboldt, Daniel C. McLellan, Mike D. Dooling, David Weinstock, George Wallis, John W. Wendl, Michael C. Zhang, Qunyuan Durbin, Richard M. Albers, Cornelis A. Ayub, Qasim Balasubramaniam, Senduran Barrett, Jeffrey C. Carter, David M. Chen, Yuan Conrad, Donald F. Danecek, Petr Dermitzakis, Emmanouil T. Hu, Min Huang, Ni Hurles, Matt E. Jin, Hanjun Jostins, Luke Keane, Thomas M. Keane, Thomas M. Le, Si Quang Lindsay, Sarah Long, Quan MacArthur, Daniel G. Montgomery, Stephen B. Parts, Leopold Stalker, James Tyler-Smith, Chris Walter, Klaudia Zhang, Yujun Gerstein, Mark B. Snyder, Michael Abyzov, Alexej Abyzov, Alexej Balasubramanian, Suganthi Bjornson, Robert Du, Jiang Grubert, Fabian Habegger, Lukas Haraksingh, Rajini Jee, Justin Khurana, Ekta Lam, Hugo Y. K. Leng, Jing Mu, Xinmeng Jasmine Urban, Alexander E. Zhang, Zhengdong Li, Yingrui Luo, Ruibang Marth, Gabor T. Garrison, Erik P. Kural, Deniz Quinlan, Aaron R. Stewart, Chip Stromberg, Michael P. Ward, Alistair N. Wu, Jiantao Lee, Charles Mills, Ryan E. Shi, Xinghua McCarroll, Steven A. Banks, Eric DePristo, Mark A. Handsaker, Robert E. Hartl, Chris Korn, Joshua M. Li, Heng Nemesh, James C. Sebat, Jonathan Makarov, Vladimir Ye, Kenny Yoon, Seungtai C. Degenhardt, Jeremiah Kaganovich, Mark Clarke, Laura Smith, Richard E. Zheng-Bradley, Xiangqun Korbel, Jan O. Humphray, Sean Cheetham, R. Keira Eberle, Michael Kahn, Scott Murray, Lisa Ye, Kai De la Vega, Francisco M. Fu, Yutao Peckham, Heather E. Sun, Yongming A. Batzer, Mark A. Konkel, Miriam K. Xiao, Chunlin Iqbal, Zamin Desany, Brian Blackwell, Tom Snyder, Matthew Xing, Jinchuan Eichler, Evan E. Aksay, Gozde Alkan, Can Hajirasouliha, Iman Hormozdiari, Fereydoun Kidd, Jeffrey M. Chen, Ken Chinwalla, Asif Ding, Li McLellan, Mike D. Wallis, John W. Hurles, Matt E. Conrad, Donald F. Walter, Klaudia Zhang, Yujun Gerstein, Mark B. Snyder, Michael Abyzov, Alexej Du, Jiang Grubert, Fabian Haraksingh, Rajini Jee, Justin Khurana, Ekta Lam, Hugo Y. K. Leng, Jing Mu, Xinmeng Jasmine Urban, Alexander E. Zhang, Zhengdong Gibbs, Richard A. Bainbridge, Matthew Challis, Danny Coafra, Cristian Dinh, Huyen Kovar, Christie Lee, Sandy Muzny, Donna Nazareth, Lynne Reid, Jeff Sabo, Aniko Yu, Fuli Yu, Jin Marth, Gabor T. Garrison, Erik P. Indap, Amit Leong, Wen Fung Quinlan, Aaron R. Stewart, Chip Ward, Alistair N. Wu, Jiantao Cibulskis, Kristian Fennell, Tim J. Gabriel, Stacey B. Garimella, Kiran V. Hartl, Chris Shefler, Erica Sougnez, Carrie L. Wilkinson, Jane Clark, Andrew G. Gravel, Simon Grubert, Fabian Clarke, Laura Flicek, Paul Smith, Richard E. Zheng-Bradley, Xiangqun Sherry, Stephen T. Khouri, Hoda M. Paschall, Justin E. Shumway, Martin F. Xiao, Chunlin McVean, Gil A. Katzman, Sol J. Abecasis, Goncalo R. Blackwell, Tom Mardis, Elaine R. Dooling, David Fulton, Lucinda Fulton, Robert Koboldt, Daniel C. Durbin, Richard M. Balasubramaniam, Senduran Coffey, Allison Keane, Thomas M. MacArthur, Daniel G. Palotie, Aarno Scott, Carol Stalker, James Tyler-Smith, Chris Gerstein, Mark B. Balasubramanian, Suganthi Chakravarti, Aravinda Knoppers, Bartha M. Peltonen, Leena Abecasis, Goncalo R. Bustamante, Carlos D. Gharani, Neda Gibbs, Richard A. Jorde, Lynn Kaye, Jane S. Kent, Alastair Li, Taosha McGuire, Amy L. McVean, Gil A. Ossorio, Pilar N. Rotimi, Charles N. Su, Yeyang Toji, Lorraine H. Tyler-Smith, Chris Brooks, Lisa D. Felsenfeld, Adam L. McEwen, Jean E. Abdallah, Assya Juenger, Christopher R. Clemm, Nicholas C. Collins, Francis S. Duncanson, Audrey Green, Eric D. Guyer, Mark S. Peterson, Jane L. Schafer, Alan J. Abecasis, Goncalo R. Altshuler, David L. Auton, Adam Brooks, Lisa D. Durbin, Richard M. Gibbs, Richard A. Hurles, Matt E. McVean, Gil A. CA 1000 Genomes Project Consortium TI A map of human genome variation from population-scale sequencing SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID WIDE ASSOCIATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; RECOMBINATION HOTSPOTS; MEIOTIC RECOMBINATION; GENOTYPE IMPUTATION; RARE VARIANTS; HAPLOTYPE MAP; NUCLEOTIDE; DISEASES; COMMON AB The 1000 Genomes Project aims to provide a deep characterization of human genome sequence variation as a foundation for investigating the relationship between genotype and phenotype. Here we present results of the pilot phase of the project, designed to develop and compare different strategies for genome-wide sequencing with high-throughput platforms. We undertook three projects: low-coverage whole-genome sequencing of 179 individuals from four populations; high-coverage sequencing of two mother-father-child trios; and exon-targeted sequencing of 697 individuals from seven populations. We describe the location, allele frequency and local haplotype structure of approximately 15 million single nucleotide polymorphisms, 1 million short insertions and deletions, and 20,000 structural variants, most of which were previously undescribed. We show that, because we have catalogued the vast majority of common variation, over 95% of the currently accessible variants found in any individual are present in this data set. On average, each person is found to carry approximately 250 to 300 loss-of-function variants in annotated genes and 50 to 100 variants previously implicated in inherited disorders. We demonstrate how these results can be used to inform association and functional studies. From the two trios, we directly estimate the rate of de novo germline base substitution mutations to be approximately 10(-8) per base pair per generation. We explore the data with regard to signatures of natural selection, and identify a marked reduction of genetic variation in the neighbourhood of genes, due to selection at linked sites. These methods and public data will support the next phase of human genetic research. C1 [Gabriel, Stacey B.; Lander, Eric S.; Lander, Eric S.; Ambrogio, Lauren; Cibulskis, Kristian; Fennell, Tim J.; Jaffe, David B.; Shefler, Erica; Sougnez, Carrie L.; Daly, Mark J.; DePristo, Mark A.; Ball, Aaron D.; Banks, Eric; Bloom, Toby; Cibulskis, Kristian; Fennell, Tim J.; Garimella, Kiran V.; Handsaker, Robert E.; Hanna, Matt; Hartl, Chris; Jaffe, David B.; Kernytsky, Andrew M.; Korn, Joshua M.; Li, Heng; Maguire, Jared R.; McCarroll, Steven A.; McKenna, Aaron; Nemesh, James C.; Philippakis, Anthony A.; Poplin, Ryan E.; Rivas, Manuel A.; Sabeti, Pardis C.; Schaffner, Stephen F.; Fu, Yutao; Banks, Eric; DePristo, Mark A.; Hartl, Chris; Korn, Joshua M.; Nemesh, James C.; Garimella, Kiran V.; Sougnez, Carrie L.; Wilkinson, Jane; Altshuler, David L.] Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. [Churcher, Carol; Coffey, Alison; Cox, Anthony; Palotie, Aarno; Tyler-Smith, Chris; Coffey, Allison; Palotie, Aarno; Scott, Carol; Tyler-Smith, Chris] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Ctr Human Genet Res, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Altshuler, David L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Cambridge, MA 02115 USA. [Abecasis, Goncalo R.; Korbel, Jan O.; Li, Yun; Anderson, Paul; Chen, Wei; Ding, Jun; Kang, Hyun Min; Sidore, Carlo; Snyder, Matthew; Zhan, Xiaowei; Zoellner, Sebastian; Blackwell, Tom; Snyder, Matthew] Univ Michigan, Ctr Stat Genet & Biostat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Bentley, David R.; Gormley, Niall; Humphray, Sean; Kingsbury, Zoya; Koko-Gonzales, Paula; Stone, Jennifer; Timmermann, Bernd; Bauer, Markus; Cheetham, R. Keira; Cox, Tony; Eberle, Michael; James, Terena; Kahn, Scott; Murray, Lisa; Kahn, Scott] Illumina Cambridge Ltd, Saffron Walden CB10 1XL, Essex, England. [Chakravarti, Aravinda; Abdallah, Assya] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, McKusick Nathans Inst Genet Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Clark, Andrew G.; Degenhardt, Jeremiah; Keinan, Alon; Ma, Xia; Reynolds, Andy] Cornell Univ, Ctr Comparative & Populat Genom, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [De la Vega, Francisco M.; Hyland, Fiona C. L.; Sakarya, Onur; Sun, Yongming A.] Life Technol, Foster City, CA 94404 USA. [Donnelly, Peter; Auton, Adam; Iqbal, Zamin; Lunter, Gerton; Marchini, Jonathan L.; Myers, Simon; McVean, Gil A.] Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford OX3 7BN, England. [Egholm, Michael] Pall Corp, Port Washington, NY 11050 USA. [Flicek, Paul; Clarke, Laura; Cunningham, Fiona; Herrero, Javier; Keenen, Stephen; Kulesha, Eugene; Leinonen, Rasko; McLaren, WilliamM.; Radhakrishnan, Rajesh; Smith, Richard E.; Zalunin, Vadim; Zheng-Bradley, Xiangqun] European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SD, England. [Gibbs, Richard A.; Deiros, David; Metzker, Mike; Muzny, Donna; Reid, Jeff; Bainbridge, Matthew; Challis, Danny; Sabo, Aniko; Yu, Fuli; Yu, Jin; Coafra, Cristian; Dinh, Huyen; Kovar, Christie; Lee, Sandy; Nazareth, Lynne] Baylor Coll Med, Human Genome Sequencing Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Knoppers, Bartha M.; Parkhomchuk, Dimitri V.] McGill Univ, Ctr Genom & Policy, Montreal, PQ H3A 1A4, Canada. [Lehrach, Hans; Sudbrak, Ralf; Borodina, Tatiana A.; Davydov, Alexey N.; Marquardt, Peter; Mertes, Florian; Nietfeld, Wilfiried; Soldatov, Aleksey V.; Timmermann, Bernd; Tolzmann, Marius; Albrecht, Marcus W.; Amstislavskiy, Vyacheslav S.; Herwig, Ralf] Max Planck Inst Mol Genet, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. [Mardis, Elaine R.; Wilson, Richard K.; Dooling, David; Fulton, Lucinda; Fulton, Robert; Weinstock, George; McLellan, Mike D.; Weinstock, George; Wallis, John W.; Wendl, Michael C.; Zhang, Qunyuan; Chen, Ken; Chinwalla, Asif; Ding, Li; McLellan, Mike D.; Wallis, John W.; Koboldt, Daniel C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Genome Ctr, St Louis, MO 63108 USA. [Marchini, Jonathan L.; Moutsianas, Loukas; Myers, Simon; Tumian, Afidalina; McVean, Gil A.] Univ Oxford, Dept Stat, Oxford OX1 3TG, England. [Nickerson, DebbieA.; Aksay, Gozde; Sudmant, Peter H.; Kidd, Jeffrey M.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Genome Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Schafer, Alan J.; Duncanson, Audrey] Wellcome Trust Res Labs, London NW1 2BE, England. [Sherry, Stephen T.; Agarwala, Richa; Khouri, Hodam.; Morgulis, Aleksandr O.; Paschall, Justin E.; Phan, Lon D.; Rotmistrovsky, Kirill E.; Sanders, Robert D.; Shumway, Martin F.; Xiao, Chunlin; Khouri, Hoda M.] US Natl Inst Hlth, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Wang, Jun; Li, Jingxiang; Jian, Min; Li, Guoqing; Li, Ruiqiang; Liang, Huiqing; Tian, Geng; Wang, Bo; Wang, Jian; Wang, Wei; Yang, Huanming; Zhang, Xiuqing; Zheng, Huisong; Fang, Xiaodong; Guo, Xiaosen; Li, Yingrui; Luo, Ruibang; Tai, Shuaishuai; Wu, Honglong; Zheng, Hancheng; Zheng, Xiaole; Zhou, Yan; Luo, Ruibang; Li, Taosha; Su, Yeyang] BGI Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, Peoples R China. Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. [McKernan, Kevin J.; Costa, Gina L.; Ichikawa, Jeffry K.; Lee, Clarence C.; Fu, Yutao; Manning, Jonathan M.; McLaughlin, Stephen F.; Peckham, Heather E.; Tsung, Eric F.] Life Technol, Beverly, MA 01915 USA. [Dahl, Andreas] Biotechnol Ctr TU Dresden, Deep Sequencing Grp, D-01307 Dresden, Germany. [Rosenstiel, Philip; Schreiber, Stefan] Univ Kiel, Inst Clin Mol Biol, D-24105 Kiel, Germany. [Affourtit, Jason; Ashworth, Dana; Attiya, Said; Bachorski, Melissa; Buglione, Eli; Burke, Adam; Caprio, Amanda; Celone, Christopher; Clark, Shauna; Conners, David; Desany, Brian; Gu, Lisa; Guccione, Lorri; Kao, Kalvin; Kebbel, Andrew; Knowlton, Jennifer; Labrecque, Matthew; McDade, Louise; Mealmaker, Craig; Minderman, Melissa; Nawrocki, Anne; Niazi, Faheem; Pareja, Kristen; Ramenani, Ravi; Riches, David; Song, Wanmin; Turcotte, Cynthia; Wang, Shally; Knight, James; Winer, Roger] Roche Appl Sci, Branford, CT 06405 USA. [Palotie, Aarno; Palotie, Aarno] Univ Helsinki, Dept Med Genet, Inst Mol Med FIMM, FIN-00290 Helsinki, Finland. [Palotie, Aarno; Palotie, Aarno] Helsinki Univ Hosp, Helsinki 00290, Finland. [De Witte, Anniek; Giles, Shane] Agilent Technol, Santa Clara, CA 95051 USA. [Marth, Gabor T.; Garrison, Erik P.; Indap, Amit; Kural, Deniz; Lee, Wan-Ping; Leong, Wen Fung; Stewart, Chip; Ward, Alistair N.; Wu, Jiantao] Boston Coll, Dept Biol, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. [Huang, Weichun] US Natl Inst Hlth, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Quinlan, Aaron R.] Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Genet, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Stromberg, Michael P.] Illumina, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Lee, Charles; Mills, Ryan E.; Shi, Xinghua; Altshuler, David L.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Shi, Xinghua; Altshuler, David L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Browning, Brian L.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Gen Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Grossman, Sharon R.; Sabeti, Pardis C.; Shlyakhter, Ilya A.] Harvard Univ, Ctr Syst Biol, Dept Organism & Evolut Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Price, Alkes] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Cooper, David N.; Ball, Edward V.; Mort, Matthew; Phillips, Andrew D.; Stenson, Peter D.] Cardiff Univ, Inst Med Genet, Cardiff CF14 4XN, Wales. [Sebat, Jonathan] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Cellular & Mol Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Makarov, Vladimir] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Seaver Autism Ctr, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Makarov, Vladimir] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Ye, Kenny] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. [Yoon, Seungtai C.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Genet & Genom Sci, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Bustamante, Carlos D.; Boyko, Adam; Gravel, Simon; Kaganovich, Mark; Lacroute, Phil; Du, Jiang; Lam, Hugo Y. K.; Urban, Alexander E.; Kidd, Jeffrey M.; Snyder, Michael; Grubert, Fabian; Lam, Hugo Y. K.; Urban, Alexander E.] Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Gutenkunst, Ryan N.] Univ Arizona, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Korbel, Jan O.; Stuetz, Adrian M.] Genome Biol Res Unit, European Mol Biol Lab, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Ye, Kai] Leiden Univ Med Ctr, Mol Epidemiol Sect, NL-2333 ZA Leiden, Netherlands. [Batzer, Mark A.; Konkel, Miriam K.; Walker, Jerilyn A.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Craig, David W.; Beckstrom-Sternberg, Steve M.; Christoforides, Alexis; Kurdoglu, Ahmet A.; Pearson, Johnv.; Sinari, Shripad A.; Tembe, Waibhav D.] Translat Genom Res Inst, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA. [Haussler, David; Hinrichs, Angie S.; Katzman, Sol J.; Kern, Andrew; Kuhn, Robert M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Przeworski, Molly] Univ Chicago, Dept Human Genet, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Przeworski, Molly] Univ Chicago, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Hernandez, Ryan D.; Howie, Bryan; Kelley, Joanna L.; Melton, S. Cord] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Bioengn & Therapeut Sci, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Human Genet, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Cookson, William O.; Moffatt, Miriam F.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, London SW7 2, England. [Lathrop, Mark] Ctr Natl Genotypage, F-91000 Evry, France. [Liang, Liming] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Liang, Liming] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Scheet, Paul] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Awadalla, Philip] Univ Montreal, Fac Med, Dept Pediat, Ste Justine Hosp Res Ctr, Montreal, PQ H3T IC5, Canada. [Casals, Ferran; Idaghdour, Youssef; Keebler, John; Stone, Eric A.; Zilversmit, Martine] Univ Montreal, Dept Med, Ctr Hosp, Univ Montreal Res Ctr, Montreal, PQ H2L 2W5, Canada. [Jorde, Lynn; Xing, Jinchuan; Xing, Jinchuan; Jorde, Lynn] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Eccles Inst Human Genet, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Eichler, Evan E.; Alkan, Can; Alkan, Can] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Depat Genome Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Eichler, Evan E.; Alkan, Can; Alkan, Can] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hajirasouliha, Iman; Hormozdiari, Fereydoun; Sahinalp, S. Cenk; Hajirasouliha, Iman; Hormozdiari, Fereydoun] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Albers, Cornelis A.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Haematol, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England. [Albers, Cornelis A.] Natl Hlth Serv Blood & Transplant, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England. [Dermitzakis, Emmanouil T.; Montgomery, Stephen B.] Univ Geneva, Sch Med, Dept Genet Med & Dev, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Jin, Hanjun] Korea Natl Inst Hlth, Ctr Genome Sci, Seoul 122701, South Korea. [Abyzov, Alexej; Habegger, Lukas; Haraksingh, Rajini; Gerstein, Mark B.; Abyzov, Alexej; Haraksingh, Rajini; Jee, Justin; Leng, Jing; Mu, Xinmeng Jasmine] Yale Univ, Program Computat Biol & Bioinformat, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Balasubramanian, Suganthi; Bjornson, Robert; Gerstein, Mark B.; Du, Jiang] Yale Univ, Dept Comp Sci, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Abyzov, Alexej; Khurana, Ekta; Urban, Alexander E.; Zhang, Zhengdong; Balasubramanian, Suganthi] Yale Univ, Dept Mol Biophys & Biochem, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Urban, Alexander E.; Urban, Alexander E.] Stanford Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Studies, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Gharani, Neda; Toji, Lorraine H.] Corell Inst, Camden, NJ 08103 USA. [Kaye, Jane S.] Univ Oxford, Ctr Hlth Law & Emerging Technol, Oxford OX3 7LF, England. [Kent, Alastair] Genet Alliance, London N1 3QP, England. [McGuire, Amy L.] Baylor Coll Med, Ctr Med Eth & Hlth Policy, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Ossorio, Pilar N.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Med Hist & Bioeth, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Rotimi, Charles N.] US Natl Inst Hlth, Ctr Res Genom & Global Hlth, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Brooks, Lisa D.; Felsenfeld, Adam L.; McEwen, Jean E.; Clemm, Nicholas C.; Green, Eric D.; Guyer, Mark S.; Peterson, Jane L.; Brooks, Lisa D.] US Natl Inst Hlth, NHGRI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Abdallah, Assya] George Washington Univ, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Juenger, Christopher R.] US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. RP Durbin, RM (reprint author), Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England. RI Wang, Jun/B-9503-2016; Casals, Ferran/H-4347-2015; Wang, Jun/C-8434-2016; Lunter, Gerton/H-4939-2016; Pearson, John/F-2249-2011; Mu, Xinmeng/P-2562-2016; Stone, Eric/Q-7840-2016; Mills, Ryan/A-1979-2011; Dahl, Andreas/E-3783-2017; Ye, Kai/B-3640-2012; Cartwright, Reed/A-9707-2009; Wendl, Michael/A-2741-2008; Rosenstiel, Philip/A-5137-2009; Korbel, Jan/G-6470-2012; Kelley, Joanna/H-1693-2012; Dermitzakis, Emmanouil/B-7687-2013; Khurana, Ekta/C-4933-2013; Abyzov, Alexej/M-4284-2013; Le, Quang/A-4861-2012; Myers, Simon/A-6792-2015; Tumian, Afidalina/J-4404-2014; Li, Yingrui/K-1064-2015; Albers, Kees/A-4170-2015; Li, Heng/D-9344-2011; De La Vega, Francisco/H-3832-2011; Cooper, David/H-4384-2011; Xing, Jinchuan/A-2489-2012; Sincan, Murat /A-3794-2010; Alkan, Can/D-2982-2009; Abecasis, Goncalo/B-7840-2010; Chen, Ken/A-1074-2009; Altshuler, David/A-4476-2009; MacArthur, Daniel/E-3275-2010; Browning, Brian/A-1178-2010; Schreiber, Stefan/B-6748-2008; Schaffner, Stephen/D-1189-2011; Ding, Jun/G-3918-2011 OI Hinrichs, Angie/0000-0002-1697-1130; Lunter, Gerton/0000-0002-3798-2058; Iqbal, Zamin/0000-0001-8466-7547; Keane, Thomas/0000-0001-7532-6898; Abecasis, Goncalo/0000-0003-1509-1825; Ayub, Qasim/0000-0003-3291-0917; Herrero, Javier/0000-0001-7313-717X; Clarke, Laura/0000-0002-5989-6898; Yu, Jin/0000-0002-2990-6602; Flicek, Paul/0000-0002-3897-7955; McLaren, William/0000-0001-6218-1116; Walter, Klaudia/0000-0003-4448-0301; Wang, Jun/0000-0002-2113-5874; Leinonen, Rasko/0000-0002-2639-7187; Kulesha, Eugene/0000-0002-4285-6232; Haraksingh, Rajini/0000-0002-6644-8874; Zalunin, Vadim/0000-0002-7722-1958; Kelley, Joanna/0000-0002-7731-605X; Zheng Bradley, Xiangqun/0000-0002-9324-2708; Abyzov, Alexej/0000-0001-5405-6729; Keenan, Stephen/0000-0002-9141-7690; Sebat, Jonathan/0000-0002-9087-526X; Sudmant, Peter/0000-0002-9573-8248; Kidd, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9631-1465; Radhakrishnan, Rajesh/0000-0001-7170-699X; Sidore, Carlo/0000-0001-7504-7477; Lindsay, Sarah/0000-0002-0965-3070; Casals, Ferran/0000-0002-8941-0369; Wang, Jun/0000-0002-8540-8931; Pearson, John/0000-0003-0904-4598; Mu, Xinmeng/0000-0002-8079-0828; Mills, Ryan/0000-0003-3425-6998; Dahl, Andreas/0000-0002-2668-8371; Stuetz, Adrian/0000-0001-7650-3470; Cunningham, Fiona/0000-0002-7445-2419; Quinlan, Aaron/0000-0003-1756-0859; Durbin, Richard/0000-0002-9130-1006; Rosenstiel, Philip/0000-0002-9692-8828; Korbel, Jan/0000-0002-2798-3794; Le, Quang/0000-0002-3715-210X; Myers, Simon/0000-0002-2585-9626; Tumian, Afidalina/0000-0003-2763-6677; Albers, Kees/0000-0003-4115-3727; Li, Heng/0000-0003-4874-2874; Cooper, David/0000-0002-8943-8484; Alkan, Can/0000-0002-5443-0706; Altshuler, David/0000-0002-7250-4107; Browning, Brian/0000-0001-6454-6633; Schreiber, Stefan/0000-0003-2254-7771; FU Wellcome Trust [WT089088/Z/09/Z, WT085532AIA, WT086084/Z/08/Z, WT081407/Z/06/Z, WT075491/Z/04, WT077009]; Medical Research Council [G0801823]; British Heart Foundation [RG/09/012/28096]; The Leverhulme Trust; EPSRC; Louis-Jeantet Foundation; Swiss National Science Foundation; NGI/EBI [050-72-436]; National Basic Research Program of China (973 program) [2011CB809200]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30725008, 30890032, 30811130531, 30221004]; Chinese 863 program [2006AA02Z177, 2006AA02Z334, 2006AA02A302, 2009AA022707]; Shenzhen Municipal Government of China [JC200903190767A, JC200903190772A, CXB200903110066A, ZYC200903240077A, ZYC200903240076A, ZYC200903240080A]; Danish Natural Science Research Council; German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft); BMBF [01GS08201, PREDICT 0315428A]; BMBF NGFN PLUS; EU [242257]; Max Planck Society; Genome Quebec; Ministry of Economic Development, Innovation and Trade [PSR-SIIRI-195]; National Library of Medicine; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; NIH [P41HG4221, U01HG5209, P41HG4222, R01GM59290, R01GM72861, R01HG2651, R01MH84698, U01HG5214, P01HG4120, U54HG2750, U54HG2757, U01HG5210, U01HG5208, U01HG5211, R01HG3698, R01HG4719, RC2HG5552, R01HG3229, P50HG2357, R01HG4960, P41HG2371, U41HG4568, R01HG4333]; BWF and Packard Foundation; Pew Charitable Trust; NSF; [S10RR025056] FX We thank many people who contributed to this project: K. Beal, S. Fitzgerald, G. Cochrane, V. Silventoinen, P. Jokinen, E. Birney and J. Ahringer for comments on the manuscript; T. Hunkapiller and Q. Doan for their advice and coordination; N. Kalin, F. Laplace, J. Wilde, S. Paturej, I. Kuhndahl, J. Knight, C. Kodira and M. Boehnke for valuable discussions; Z. Cheng, S. Sajjadian and F. Hormozdiari for assistance in managing data sets; and D. Leja for help with the figures. We thank the Yoruba in Ibadan, Nigeria, the Han Chinese in Beijing, China, the Japanese in Tokyo, Japan, the Utah CEPH community, the Luhya in Webuye, Kenya, the Toscani in Italia, and the Chinese in Denver, Colorado, for contributing samples for research. This research was supported in part by Wellcome Trust grants WT089088/Z/09/Z to R. M. D.; WT085532AIA to P. F.; WT086084/Z/08/Z to G. A. M.; WT081407/Z/06/Z to J. S. K.; WT075491/Z/04 to G. L.; WT077009 to C.T.-S.; Medical Research Council grant G0801823 to J. L. M.; British Heart Foundation grant RG/09/012/28096 to C. A.; The Leverhulme Trust and EPSRC studentships to L. M. and A. T.; the Louis-Jeantet Foundation and Swiss National Science Foundation in support of E. T. D. and S. B. M.; NGI/EBI fellowship 050-72-436 to K.Y.; a National Basic Research Program of China (973 program no. 2011CB809200); the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30725008, 30890032, 30811130531, 30221004); the Chinese 863 program (2006AA02Z177, 2006AA02Z334, 2006AA02A302, 2009AA022707); the Shenzhen Municipal Government of China (grants JC200903190767A, JC200903190772A, ZYC200903240076A, CXB200903110066A, ZYC200903240077A, ZYC200903240076A and ZYC200903240080A); the Ole Romer grant from the Danish Natural Science Research Council; an Emmy Noether Fellowship of the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) to J.O.K.; BMBF grant 01GS08201; BMBF grant PREDICT 0315428A to R. H.; BMBF NGFN PLUS and EU 6th framework READNA to S. S.; EU 7th framework 242257 to A. V. S.; the Max Planck Society; a grant from Genome Quebec and the Ministry of Economic Development, Innovation and Trade, PSR-SIIRI-195 to P. A.; the Intramural Research Program of the NIH; the National Library of Medicine; the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; and NIH grants P41HG4221 and U01HG5209 to C. L.; P41HG4222 to J. S.; R01GM59290 to L. B. J. and M. A. B.; R01GM72861 to M. P.; R01HG2651 and R01MH84698 to G. R. A.; U01HG5214 to G. R. A. and A. C.; P01HG4120 to E. E. E.; U54HG2750 to D. L. A.; U54HG2757 to A. C.; U01HG5210 to D. C.; U01HG5208 to M. J. D.; U01HG5211 to R. A. G.; R01HG3698, R01HG4719 and RC2HG5552 to G. T. M.; R01HG3229 to C. D. B. and A. G. C.; P50HG2357 to M. S.; R01HG4960 to B. L. B; P41HG2371 and U41HG4568 to D. H.; R01HG4333 to A. M. L.; U54HG3273 to R. A. G.; U54HG3067 to E. S. L.; U54HG3079 to R. K. W.; N01HG62088 to the Coriell Institute; S10RR025056 to the Translational Genomics Research Institute; Al Williams Professorship funds for M. B. G.; the BWF and Packard Foundation support for P. C. S.; the Pew Charitable Trusts support for G. R. A.; and an NSF Minority Postdoctoral Fellowship in support of R. D. H. E. E. E. is an HHMI investigator, M. P. is an HHMI Early Career Scientist, and D. M. A. is Distinguished Clinical Scholar of the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation. NR 50 TC 2999 Z9 3054 U1 70 U2 580 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD OCT 28 PY 2010 VL 467 IS 7319 BP 1061 EP 1073 DI 10.1038/nature09534 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 671XW UT WOS:000283548600039 ER PT J AU Boethling, R Davies, C Fehrenbacher, C Lavoie, E Libelo, L Sommer, E Henry, T Howard, P Meylan, W Morlacci, L Tunkel, J Webb, T Mayo, K Waugh, W Zeeman, M AF Boethling, Robert Davies, Clive Fehrenbacher, Cathy Lavoie, Emma Libelo, Laurence Sommer, Elizabeth Henry, Tala Howard, Philip Meylan, William Morlacci, Laura Tunkel, Jay Webb, Thomas Mayo, Kelly Waugh, William Zeeman, Maurice TI Comment on "More of EPA's SPARC Online Calculator-The Need for High-Quality Predictions of Chemical Properties" SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 [Boethling, Robert; Davies, Clive; Fehrenbacher, Cathy; Lavoie, Emma; Libelo, Laurence; Sommer, Elizabeth] US EPA, Econ Exposure & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Henry, Tala] US EPA, Natl Program Chem Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Howard, Philip; Meylan, William; Morlacci, Laura; Tunkel, Jay; Webb, Thomas] SRC Inc, N Syracuse, NY USA. [Mayo, Kelly; Waugh, William; Zeeman, Maurice] US EPA, Risk Assessment Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Boethling, R (reprint author), US EPA, Econ Exposure & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Boethling.bob@epa.gov NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 15 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 20 BP 7745 EP 7745 DI 10.1021/es102727q PG 1 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 661KP UT WOS:000282727500001 PM 20831212 ER PT J AU Qu, XL Hwang, YS Alvarez, PJJ Bouchard, D Li, QL AF Qu, Xiaolei Hwang, Yu Sik Alvarez, Pedro J. J. Bouchard, Dermont Li, Qilin TI UV Irradiation and Humic Acid Mediate Aggregation of Aqueous Fullerene (nC(60)) Nanoparticles SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; C-60 NANOPARTICLES; PHOTOCHEMICAL TRANSFORMATION; MANUFACTURED NANOMATERIALS; PHOTOCATALYTIC OXIDATION; ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY; COLLOIDAL PROPERTIES; WATER SUSPENSIONS; CALCIUM-IONS AB The transport and fate of engineered nanomaterials is affected by multiple environmental factors, including sunlight and natural organic matter. In this study, the initial aggregation kinetics of aqueous fullerene (nC(60)) nanoparticles before and after UVA irradiation was investigated in solutions varying in ionic strength, ionic composition, and humic acid concentration. In NaCl solutions, surface oxidation induced by UV irradiation remarkably increased nC(60) stability due to the increased negative surface charge and reduced particle hydrophobicity; although humic acid greatly enhanced the stability of pristine nC(60) via the steric hindrance effect, it had little influence on the stability of UV-irradiated nC(60) in NaCl due to reduced adsorption on oxidized nC(60) surface. In contrast, UV irradiation reduced nC(60) stability in CaCl2 due to specific interactions of Ca2+ with the negatively charged functional groups on UV-irradiated nC(60) surface and the consequent charge neutralization. By neutralizing surface charges of both UV-irradiated nC(60) and humic acid as well as forming intermolecular bridges, Ca2+ facilitated humic acid adsorption on UV-irradiated nC(60), resulting in enhanced stability in the presence of humic acid. These results demonstrate the critical role of nC(60) surface chemistry in its environmental transport and fate. C1 [Qu, Xiaolei; Hwang, Yu Sik; Alvarez, Pedro J. J.; Li, Qilin] Rice Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Bouchard, Dermont] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Li, QL (reprint author), Univ Seoul, Grad Sch Energy & Environm Syst Engn, Seoul 130743, South Korea. EM hwangyusik@gmail.com; qilin.li@rice.edu RI Qu, Xiaolei/J-1432-2012 FU NSF Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology [EEC-0647452]; USEPA [834093] FX This work was supported by the NSF Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology (Award EEC-0647452) and the USEPA STAR program (Grant 834093). NR 40 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 6 U2 104 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 15 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 20 BP 7821 EP 7826 DI 10.1021/es101947f PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 661KP UT WOS:000282727500017 PM 20866048 ER PT J AU Betterton, EA Lowry, J Ingarnells, R Venner, B AF Betterton, Eric A. Lowry, Joe Ingarnells, Robin Venner, Brad TI Kinetics and mechanism of the reaction of sodium azide with hypochlorite in aqueous solution SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Azide; Hypochlorite; Chlorine azide; Air bag; Kinetics and mechanism; Water treatment ID NONMETAL REDOX KINETICS; ACID-ASSISTED OXIDATION; BROMINE CHLORIDE; HYDRAZOIC ACID; HALOGEN AZIDES; AIR BAG; ION; EQUILIBRIUM; CHEMISTRY; OZONE AB Production of toxic sodium azide (NaN(3)) surged worldwide over the past two decades to meet the demand for automobile air bag inflator propellant. Industrial activity and the return of millions of inflators to automobile recycling facilities are leading to increasing release of NaN(3) to the environment so there is considerable interest in learning more about its environmental fate. Water soluble NaN(3) could conceivably be found in drinking water supplies so here we describe the kinetics and mechanism of the reaction of azide with hypochlorite, which is often used in water treatment plants. The reaction stoichiometry is: HOCl + 2N(3)(-) = 3N(2) + Cl(-) + OH(-), and proceeds by a key intermediate chlorine azide, ClN(3), which subsequently decomposes by reaction with a second azide molecule in the rate determining step: ClN(3) + N(3)(-) -> 3N(2) + Cl(-) (k = 0.52 +/- 0.04 M(-1) s(-1), 25 degrees C, mu = 0.1 M). We estimate that the half-life of azide would be approximate to 15 s at the point of chlorination in a water treatment plant and approximate to 24 days at some point downstream where only residual chlorine remains. Hypochlorite is not recommended for treatment of concentrated azide waste due to formation of the toxic chlorine azide intermediate under acidic conditions and the slow kinetics under basic conditions. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Betterton, Eric A.] Univ Arizona, Dept Atmospher Sci, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. [Lowry, Joe; Venner, Brad] US EPA, Natl Enforcement Invest Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Betterton, EA (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Atmospher Sci, POB 210081, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. EM betterton@atmo.arizona.edu NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD OCT 15 PY 2010 VL 182 IS 1-3 BP 716 EP 722 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.06.093 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 655HV UT WOS:000282240800093 PM 20667654 ER PT J AU Miller, MF Loch-Caruso, R AF Miller, Mark F. Loch-Caruso, Rita TI Comparison of LPS-stimulated release of cytokines in punch versus transwell tissue culture systems of human gestational membranes SO REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN FETAL MEMBRANES; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; AMNIOTIC-FLUID INTERLEUKIN-6; EXTRA-PLACENTAL MEMBRANES; LABOR-ASSOCIATED CHANGES; FACTOR-ALPHA RELEASE; INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES; HUMAN-PREGNANCY; PRETERM LABOR; IN-VITRO AB Background: Cytokine signaling within the amnionic, chorionic and decidual extraplacental gestational membranes plays an important role in membrane rupture and the timing of birth. The predominant in vitro explant culture system for evaluating cytokine induction in human gestational membranes has been the free-floating biopsy punch culture. Punch systems have been used to investigate the impact of various toxicants, pharmaceuticals and genetic variation on expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. More recently, a dual compartment transwell culture system has been developed that more closely mimics the intrauterine compartment. The current study compares these two systems with respect to release of pro-and antiinflammatory cytokines in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a model stimulant. Methods: Tissue samples were exposed to 100 ng/ml LPS for 12 h and cytokines were measured by ELISA. Data are expressed as increase relative to non-treated controls. Results: Levels of interleukin-6 increased in punch culture medium samples to a significantly greater extent (34.2 fold) compared with medium from transwell cultures in the amnion (6.6 fold) or choriodecidual (7.1 fold) compartments. Interleukin-8 also showed a significantly greater induction in punch (4.8 fold) than transwell amnion (1.6 fold) or choriodecidual (1.7 fold) samples. The anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 showed a significant difference between punch (36.5 fold) and transwell amnion (15.4 fold) samples, but no difference was observed between punch and transwell choriodecidual (28.5 fold) samples. Neither interleukin-1beta nor tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) showed a significant difference between the punch and transwell samples. Conclusions: These results indicate that the pattern of LPS-stimulated cytokine release from gestational membranes in vitro depends on the culture system used, confounding comparisons of studies that use different gestational membrane culture systems to study inflammatory responses. C1 [Miller, Mark F.; Loch-Caruso, Rita] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Miller, Mark F.] US Environm Protect Agcy HQ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Miller, MF (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM miller.mark@epa.gov OI Loch-Caruso, Rita/0000-0002-5993-2799 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R01 ES014860, T32 ES07062]; University of Michigan; Society of Toxicology; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH [T32 HD007048]; University of Michigan Department of Environmental Health Sciences FX We thank the staff of the University of Michigan Women's Hospital Birth Center for assisting with acquisition of human gestational tissues used in this research, especially Dr. Mark Chames. Funding for this research has been provided by grants to RLC from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R01 ES014860]; University of Michigan [Elizabeth H. Crosby Award]; and Society of Toxicology [Colgate-Palmolive Grant for Alternative Research]. Additional support for MFM was provided by Institutional Training Grants from the NIEHS, NIH [T32 ES07062]; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH [T32 HD007048]; and University of Michigan Department of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 43 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1477-7827 J9 REPROD BIOL ENDOCRIN JI Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol. PD OCT 15 PY 2010 VL 8 AR 121 DI 10.1186/1477-7827-8-121 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Reproductive Biology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Reproductive Biology GA 671VV UT WOS:000283540400001 PM 20950439 ER PT J AU Reponen, T Singh, U Schaffer, C Vesper, S Johansson, E Adhikari, A Grinshpun, SA Indugula, R Ryan, P Levin, L LeMasters, G AF Reponen, Tiina Singh, Umesh Schaffer, Chris Vesper, Stephen Johansson, Elisabet Adhikari, Atin Grinshpun, Sergey A. Indugula, Reshmi Ryan, Patrick Levin, Linda LeMasters, Grace TI Visually observed mold and moldy odor versus quantitatively measured microbial exposure in homes SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Endotoxin; (1-3)-beta-D-glucan; Fungi; Polymerase chain reaction; House dust; Air sampling ID FUNGAL EXTRACELLULAR POLYSACCHARIDES; RELATIVE MOLDINESS INDEX; IN-HOUSE DUST; NEW-ORLEANS; ENDOTOXIN CONCENTRATIONS; ALLERGIC SENSITIZATION; RESPIRATORY ILLNESS; AIRBORNE ENDOTOXIN; HURRICANE-KATRINA; DAMAGED BUILDINGS AB The main study objective was to compare different methods for assessing mold exposure in conjunction with an epidemiologic study on the development of children's asthma. Homes of 184 children were assessed for mold by visual observations and dust sampling at child's age 1 (Year 1). Similar assessment supplemented with air sampling was conducted in Year 7. Samples were analyzed for endotoxin, (1-3)-beta-D-glucan, and fungal spores. The Mold Specific Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction assay was used to analyze 36 mold species in dust samples, and the Environmental Relative Moldiness Index (ERMI) was calculated. Homes were categorized based on three criteria: I) visible mold damage, 2) moldy odor, and 3) ERMI. Even for homes where families had not moved, Year 7 endotoxin and (1-3)-beta-D-glucan exposures were significantly higher than those in Year 1 (p<0.001), whereas no difference was seen for ERMI (p = 0.78). Microbial concentrations were not consistently associated with visible mold damage categories, but were consistently higher in homes with moldy odor and in homes that had high ERMI. Low correlations between results in air and dust samples indicate different types or durations of potential microbial exposures from dust vs. air. Future analysis will indicate which, if any, of the assessment methods is associated with the development of asthma. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Reponen, Tiina; Singh, Umesh; Schaffer, Chris; Johansson, Elisabet; Adhikari, Atin; Grinshpun, Sergey A.; Indugula, Reshmi; Ryan, Patrick; Levin, Linda; LeMasters, Grace] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Vesper, Stephen] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Reponen, T (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, POB 670056, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. EM Tiina.Reponen@uc.edu RI Ryan, Patrick /L-7062-2015 FU US Department of Housing and Urban Development [OHLHH0162-07]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [E511170] FX This study is supported by the US Department of Housing and Urban Development grant #OHLHH0162-07. The CCAAPS birth cohort study is supported by National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) grant E511170. We thank Osmic Enterprises, Inc. (Cincinnati, OH) for providing the OLFACT-RL and testing of the home assessment team. NR 61 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD OCT 15 PY 2010 VL 408 IS 22 BP 5565 EP 5574 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.07.090 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 672UG UT WOS:000283611800039 PM 20810150 ER PT J AU Cerutti, DS Freddolino, PL Duke, RE Case, DA AF Cerutti, David S. Freddolino, Peter L. Duke, Robert E., Jr. Case, David A. TI Simulations of a Protein Crystal with a High Resolution X-ray Structure: Evaluation of Force Fields and Water Models SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ANDROCTONUS-AUSTRALIS HECTOR; STREPTAVIDIN-BIOTIN COMPLEX; CATION-PI INTERACTIONS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; HARMONIC-ANALYSIS; LARGE SYSTEMS; TOXIN-II; POTENTIALS; ENERGETICS; MECHANICS AB We use classical molecular dynamics and 16 combinations of force fields and water models to simulate a protein crystal observed by room-temperature X-ray diffraction. The high resolution of the diffraction data (0.96 angstrom) and the simplicity of the crystallization solution (nearly pure water) make it possible to attribute any inconsistencies between the crystal structure and our simulations to artifacts of the models rather than inadequate representation of the crystal environment or uncertainty in the experiment. All simulations were extended for 100 its of production dynamics, permitting some long-time scale artifacts of each model to emerge. The most noticeable effect of these artifacts is a model-dependent drift in the unit cell dimensions, which can become as large as 5% in certain force fields; the underlying cause is the replacement of native crystallographic contacts with non-native ones, which can occur with heterogeneity (loss of crystallographic symmetry) in simulations with some force fields. We find that the AMBER FF99SB force field maintains a lattice structure nearest that seen in the X-ray data, and produces the most realistic atomic fluctuations (by comparison to crystallographic B-factors) of all the models tested. We find that the choice of water model has a minor effect in comparison to the choice of protein model. We also identify a number of artifacts that occur throughout all of the simulations: excessive formation of hydrogen bonds or salt bridges between polar groups and loss of hydrophobic interactions. This study is intended as a foundation for future work that will identify individual parameters in each molecular model that can he modified to improve their representations of protein structure and thermodynamics. C1 [Cerutti, David S.; Case, David A.] State Univ New Jersey, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Cerutti, David S.; Case, David A.] State Univ New Jersey, BioMaPS Inst, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Freddolino, Peter L.] Princeton Univ, Lewis Sigler Inst Integrat Genom, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Duke, Robert E., Jr.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, Chapel Hill, NC 27709 USA. RP Cerutti, DS (reprint author), State Univ New Jersey, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, 610 Taylor Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM dcerutti@rci.rutgers.edu FU NIH [RR 12255, RR05969, HL06350] FX This work was supported by NIH grants RR 12255, RR05969, and HL06350, and by NSF grant FRG DMR-0804549: supercomputing time was partially provided by Large Resource Allocation Committee MCA93S028 and ITS HPC computing resources at UNC-Chapel I hill, D.S.C. amid P.L.F. gratefully acknowledge Terry P. Lybrand and Klaus Schulten for encouraging preliminary work on this project. NR 45 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD OCT 14 PY 2010 VL 114 IS 40 BP 12811 EP 12824 DI 10.1021/jp105813j PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 659DC UT WOS:000282546200006 PM 20860388 ER PT J AU Swartz, CD King, LC Nesnow, S Umbach, DM Kumar, S Sikka, H DeMarini, DM AF Swartz, Carol D. King, Leon C. Nesnow, Stephen Umbach, David M. Kumar, Subodh Sikka, Harish DeMarini, David M. TI Mutagenicity, stable DNA adducts, and abasic sites induced in Salmonella by phenanthro[3,4-b]- and phenanthro[4,3-b] thiophenes, sulfur analogs of benzo[c]phenanthrene (vol 661, pg 47, 2009) SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Correction C1 [Swartz, Carol D.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [King, Leon C.; Nesnow, Stephen; DeMarini, David M.] US EPA, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Umbach, David M.] NIEHS, Biostat Branch, NIH, DHHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Kumar, Subodh; Sikka, Harish] SUNY Coll Buffalo, Environm Toxicol & Chem Lab, Great Lakes Ctr, Buffalo, NY 14222 USA. RP Swartz, CD (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0027-5107 J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. PD OCT 13 PY 2010 VL 692 IS 1-2 BP 66 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2010.06.005 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 676FF UT WOS:000283894800012 ER PT J AU Ward, WO Swartz, CD Hanley, NM DeMarini, DM AF Ward, William O. Swartz, Carol D. Hanley, Nancy M. DeMarini, David M. TI Transcriptional characterization of Salmonella TA100 in log and stationary phase: Influence of growth phase on mutagenicity of MX SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; Mutagenicity; Microarray; Growth phase; MX ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI K-12; GENE-EXPRESSION; STRINGENT RESPONSE; MICROARRAY; BACTERIA; FIS; TYPHIMURIUM; ADAPTATION; INDUCTION; SURVIVAL AB The Salmonella mutagenicity assay can be performed using cells that are in different growth phases. Thus, the plate-incorporation assay involves plating stationary-phase cells with the mutagen, after which the cells undergo a brief lag phase and, consequently, are exposed to the mutagen and undergo mutagenesis while in the logarithmic (log) phase. In contrast, a liquid-suspension assay involves exposure of either log-or stationary-phase cells to the mutagen for a specified period of time, sometimes followed by a wash, resulting in the cells growing in medium in the absence of the mutagen. To explore global gene expression in Salmonella, and to test for possible effects of growth phase and transcriptional status on mutagenesis, we performed microarray analysis on cells of Salmonella strain TA100 exposed to the drinking-water mutagen MX in either the log or stationary phase. The genes in functional pathways involving amino acid transport and metabolism and energy metabolism were expressed differentially in log-phase cells, whereas genes in functional pathways involving protein trafficking, cell envelope, and two-component systems using common signal transduction were expressed differentially in stationary-phase cells. More than 90% of the ribosomal-protein biosynthesis genes were up-regulated in stationary- versus log-phase cells. MX was equally mutagenic to cells in log- and stationary-phase growth when the results were expressed as mutant frequencies (revertants/survivors/mu M), but it was twice as mutagenic in stationary-phase cells when the results were expressed as mutant yields (revertants/nmole or revertants/mu M). There was a complex transcriptional response underlying these results, with mucA/B being greatly up-regulated in log-phase cells but umuC/D up-regulated in stationary-phase cells. The transcriptional state of TA100 cells at the time of mutagen treatment may influence the outcome of mutagen treatment. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ward, William O.; Hanley, Nancy M.; DeMarini, David M.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Swartz, Carol D.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP DeMarini, DM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM demarini.david@epa.gov FU National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; NHEERI-DESE [U.S. EPA CT-82651301] FX We thank Dr. Robert Franzen, Tampere Institute of Technology, Tampere, Finland, for providing the MX; Peggy Matthews for media preparation; and Drs. Susan Hester and Stephen Edwards for their comments on this manuscript. This work was supported by the intramural research program within the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Dr. Carol Swartz acknowledges support from the NHEERI-DESE Cooperative Training Agreement in Environmental Science Research; Grant Number U.S. EPA CT-82651301. This manuscript was reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0027-5107 J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. PD OCT 13 PY 2010 VL 692 IS 1-2 BP 19 EP 25 DI 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2010.07.010 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 676FF UT WOS:000283894800004 PM 20691712 ER PT J AU Matsuoka, T Adair, JE Lih, FB Hsi, LC Rubino, M Eling, TE Tomer, KB Yashiro, M Hirakawa, K Olden, K Roberts, JD AF Matsuoka, T. Adair, J. E. Lih, F. B. Hsi, L. C. Rubino, M. Eling, T. E. Tomer, K. B. Yashiro, M. Hirakawa, K. Olden, K. Roberts, J. D. TI Elevated dietary linoleic acid increases gastric carcinoma cell invasion and metastasis in mice SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Article DE gastric carcinoma; dietary fatty acid; cyclooxygenase; metastasis; invasion ID POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; BREAST-CANCER CELLS; NUDE-MICE; TUMOR-CELLS; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; IV COLLAGEN; IN-VITRO; GROWTH; ADHESION AB BACKGROUND: Dietary (n-6)-polyunsaturated fatty acids influence cancer development, but the mechanisms have not been well characterised in gastric carcinoma. METHODS: We used two in vivo models to investigate the effects of these common dietary components on tumour metastasis. In a model of experimental metastasis, immunocompromised mice were fed diets containing linoleic acid (LA) at 2% (LLA), 8% (HLA) or 12% (VHLA) by weight and inoculated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with human gastric carcinoma cells (OCUM-2MD3). To model spontaneous metastasis, OCUM-2MD3 tumours were grafted onto the stomach walls of mice fed with the different diets. In in vitro assays, we investigated invasion and ERK phosphorylation of OCUM-2MD3 cells in the presence or absence of LA. Finally, we tested whether a cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor, indomethacin, could block peritoneal metastasis in vivo. RESULTS: Both the HLA and VHLA groups showed increased incidence of tumour nodules (LA: 53%; HLA: 89%; VHLA: 100%; P<0.03); the VHLA group also displayed increased numbers of tumour nodules and higher total volume relative to LLA group in experimental metastasis model. Both liver invasion (78%) and metastasis to the peritoneal cavity (67%) were more frequent in VHLA group compared with the LLA group (22% and 11%, respectively; P<0.03) in spontaneous metastasis model. We also found that the invasive ability of these cells is greatly enhanced when exposed to LA in vitro. Linoleic acid also increased invasion of other scirrhous gastric carcinoma cells, OCUM-12, NUGC3 and MKN-45. Linoleic acid effect on OCUM-2MD3 cells seems to be dependent on phosphorylation of ERK. The data suggest that invasion and phosphorylation of ERK were dependent on COX. Indomethacin decreased the number of tumours and total tumour volume in both LLA and VHLA groups. Finally, COX-1, which is known to be an important enzyme in the generation of bioactive metabolites from dietary fatty acids, appears to be responsible for the increased metastatic behaviour of OCUM-2MD3 cells in the mouse model. CONCLUSION: Dietary LA stimulates invasion and peritoneal metastasis of gastric carcinoma cells through COX-catalysed metabolism and activation of ERK, steps that compose pathway potentially amenable to therapeutic intervention. British Journal of Cancer (2010) 103, 1182-1191. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6605881 www.bjcancer.com Published online 14 September 2010 (C) 2010 Cancer Research UK C1 [Matsuoka, T.; Adair, J. E.; Hsi, L. C.; Rubino, M.; Eling, T. E.; Olden, K.; Roberts, J. D.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Carcinogenesis Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Matsuoka, T.; Yashiro, M.; Hirakawa, K.] Osaka City Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Surg Oncol, Abeno Ku, Osaka 5458585, Japan. [Lih, F. B.; Tomer, K. B.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Matsuoka, T (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Carcinogenesis Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM tskmtsk@aol.com RI Tomer, Kenneth/E-8018-2013 FU NIH; NIEHS FX We thank Drs Ron Cannon, Robert Langenbach and Rajendra Chhabra of NIEHS for a critical analysis of the paper and Dr Shyamal D Peddada for help with statistical analysis. This study was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH and NIEHS. NR 54 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0007-0920 J9 BRIT J CANCER JI Br. J. Cancer PD OCT 12 PY 2010 VL 103 IS 8 BP 1182 EP 1191 DI 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605881 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 671WL UT WOS:000283542900007 PM 20842125 ER PT J AU Achenbaum, W Moody, H Sykes, KE Kingson, E AF Achenbaum, W. Moody, H. Sykes, K. E. Kingson, E. TI WHAT LEGACIES SHOULD BOOMERS LEAVE? SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Achenbaum, W.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX USA. [Moody, H.] AARP, Washington, DC USA. [Sykes, K. E.] EPA, Washington, DC USA. [Kingson, E.] Syracuse Univ, Syracue, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2010 VL 50 SU 1 BP 386 EP 386 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 703UL UT WOS:000286006703089 ER PT J AU Ihlaseh, S Bailey, K Hester, S Rosen, M Jones, C Ren, H Cardoso, A Oliveira, M Wolf, D Camargo, JLV AF Ihlaseh, S. Bailey, K. Hester, S. Rosen, M. Jones, C. Ren, H. Cardoso, A. Oliveira, M. Wolf, D. Camargo, J. L. V. TI Transcriptional profile of diuron-induced toxicity on the urinary bladder of male wistar rats to inform mode of action SO HISTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 28th International Congress of the International-Academy-of-Pathology CY OCT 10-15, 2010 CL Sao Paulo, BRAZIL SP Int Acad Pathol C1 UNESP, Lab TOXICAM, Dept Patol, Fac Med Botucatu, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. US EPA, NHEERL, ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0309-0167 J9 HISTOPATHOLOGY JI Histopathology PD OCT PY 2010 VL 57 SU 1 MA 206 BP 75 EP 75 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Pathology SC Cell Biology; Pathology GA 656GW UT WOS:000282317400206 ER PT J AU Klein, M Brown, L Tucker, RW Ashbolt, NJ Stuetz, RM Roser, DJ AF Klein, Marcus Brown, Leearna Tucker, Robyn W. Ashbolt, Nicholas J. Stuetz, Richard M. Roser, David J. TI Diversity and Abundance of Zoonotic Pathogens and Indicators in Manures of Feedlot Cattle in Australia SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; QUANTITATIVE PCR; FECES; WASTE; QUANTIFICATION; WATER; CAMPYLOBACTER; PREVALENCE AB The occurrence of 10 pathogens and three fecal indicators was assessed by quantitative PCR in manures of Australian feedlot cattle. Most samples tested positive for one or more pathogens. For the dominant pathogens Campylobacter jejuni, Listeria monocytogenes, Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp., and eaeA-positive Escherichia coli, 10(2) to 10(7) genome copies g(-1) (dry weight) manure were recovered. C1 [Klein, Marcus; Brown, Leearna; Ashbolt, Nicholas J.; Stuetz, Richard M.; Roser, David J.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, UNSW Water Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Tucker, Robyn W.] Feedlot Serv Australia Pty Ltd FSA Consulting, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. [Ashbolt, Nicholas J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Klein, M (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, UNSW Water Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. EM mklein@unsw.edu.au FU Meat and Livestock Australia (MLA) FX This work was supported by Meat and Livestock Australia (MLA). We express our thanks to Feedlot Services Australia Pty. Ltd. (FSA Consulting) for their contribution in field work and also thank Richard Whittington (University of Sydney) and Scott Craig (Leptospirosis Reference Centre, Brisbane) for kindly providing DNA references. NR 29 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2010 VL 76 IS 20 BP 6947 EP 6950 DI 10.1128/AEM.01095-10 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 659VM UT WOS:000282595100032 PM 20802080 ER PT J AU Tao, J Huggins, D Welker, G Dias, JR Ingersoll, CG Murowchick, JB AF Tao, J. Huggins, D. Welker, G. Dias, J. R. Ingersoll, C. G. Murowchick, J. B. TI Sediment Matrix Effects in Analysis of Pyrethroid Insecticides Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; GRAND-CALUMET RIVER; NEWARK BAY ESTUARY; UNITED-STATES; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; NEW-JERSEY; TOXICITY; PAHS; SOIL AB In the present study, we developed a gas chromatography-quadrupole mass spectrometry method for analyzing nine pyrethroid insecticides in sediment after accelerated solvent extraction and solid phase extraction cleanup. The operation was optimized, and negative chemical ionization was selected to improve analytical selectivity. The sediment matrix effects on qualification were evaluated, and matrix-matched standard solutions, along with the internal standard calibration, were used to reduce the matrix-induced chromatographic response enhancement. The method detection limits were 0.68 to 1.43 mu g/kg dry weight (dw), and recoveries were 70.3 to 143.3%, 61.1 to 169.7%, and 65.7 to 118.8%, with relative SDs of 4.2% to 32.1%, 4.9 to 23.6%, and 1.5 to 23.3% at the spiked levels of 1.0, 5.0 and 20 mu g/kg dw, respectively. The method was also validated by measuring pyrethroids in field-contaminated sediment samples collected in central California and southern Illinois. C1 [Tao, J.] Water Serv Dept, Kansas City, MO 64130 USA. [Tao, J.; Murowchick, J. B.] Univ Missouri, Dept Geosci, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Tao, J.; Dias, J. R.] Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Huggins, D.] Univ Kansas, Cent Plains Ctr BioAssessment, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA. [Welker, G.] US Environm Protect Agcy Reg 7, Environm Serv Sect, Kansas City, KS 66101 USA. [Ingersoll, C. G.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. RP Tao, J (reprint author), Water Serv Dept, 4800 E 63rd St, Kansas City, MO 64130 USA. EM jing_tao@kcmo.org OI Murowchick, James/0000-0003-2987-0352 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region 7, in Kansas City, Kansas; Geological Society of America; University of Missouri-Kansas City (UMKC) School of Graduate Studies and Women's Council FX This study was funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region 7, in Kansas City, Kansas, by a Geological Society of America Graduate Research Grant, and by the University of Missouri-Kansas City (UMKC) School of Graduate Studies and Women's Council. We thank the Organic Chemistry Laboratory and the Nutrients Laboratory of EPA Region 7 for chemical analyses of sediment samples. Marchin Lawrence from the same agency is kindly acknowledged for coordinating laboratory work. Thanks are also due to Scott Ireland, with the EPA Great Lakes National Program Office, Venessa Madden, with EPA Region 7, and four other anonymous reviewers for their helpful review comments on this paper. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 62 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0090-4341 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2010 VL 59 IS 3 BP 352 EP 369 DI 10.1007/s00244-010-9497-2 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 644KR UT WOS:000281376500002 PM 20390412 ER PT J AU Tao, J Ingersoll, CG Kemble, NE Dias, JR Murowchick, JB Welker, G Huggins, D AF Tao, J. Ingersoll, C. G. Kemble, N. E. Dias, J. R. Murowchick, J. B. Welker, G. Huggins, D. TI Sediment Contamination of Residential Streams in the Metropolitan Kansas City Area, USA: Part II. Whole-Sediment Toxicity to the Amphipod Hyalella azteca SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; GRAND-CALUMET RIVER; QUALITY GUIDELINES; INDIANA AB This is the second part of a study that evaluates the influence of nonpoint sources on the sediment quality of five adjacent streams within the metropolitan Kansas City area, central United States. Physical, chemical, and toxicity data (Hyalella azteca 28-day whole-sediment toxicity test) for 29 samples collected in 2003 were used for this evaluation, and the potential causes for the toxic effects were explored. The sediments exhibited a low to moderate toxicity, with five samples identified as toxic to H. azteca. Metals did not likely cause the toxicity based on low concentrations of metals in the pore water and elevated concentrations of acid volatile sulfide in the sediments. Although individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) frequently exceeded effect-based sediment quality guidelines [probable effect concentrations (PECs)], only four of the samples had a PEC quotient (PEC-Q) for total PAHs over 1.0 and only one of these four samples was identified as toxic. For the mean PEC-Q for organochlorine compounds (chlordane, dieldrin, sum DDEs), 4 of the 12 samples with a mean PEC-Q above 1.0 were toxic and 4 of the 8 samples with a mean PEC-Q above 3.0 were toxic. Additionally, four of eight samples were toxic, with a mean PEC-Q above 1.0 based on metals, PAHs, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine pesticides. The increase in the incidence of toxicity with the increase in the mean PEC-Q based on organochlorine pesticides or based on metals, PAHs, PCBs, and organochlorine pesticides suggests that organochlorine pesticides might have contributed to the observed toxicity and that the use of a mean PEC-Q, rather than PEC-Qs for individual compounds, might be more informative in predicting toxic effects. Our study shows that stream sediments subject to predominant nonpoint sources contamination can be toxic and that many factors, including analysis of a full suite of PAHs and pesticides of both past and present urban applications and the origins of these organic compounds, are important to identify the causes of toxicity. C1 [Tao, J.; Dias, J. R.] Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Ingersoll, C. G.; Kemble, N. E.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. [Welker, G.] US Environm Protect Agcy Reg 7, Environm Serv Sect, Kansas City, KS 66101 USA. [Huggins, D.] Univ Kansas, Cent Plains Ctr BioAssessment, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA. [Tao, J.; Murowchick, J. B.] Univ Missouri, Dept Geosci, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. RP Tao, J (reprint author), Water Serv Dept, 4800 E 63rd St, Kansas City, MO 64130 USA. EM jing_tao@kcmo.org OI Murowchick, James/0000-0003-2987-0352 FU US Environmental Protection Agency-Region 7 in Kansas City, Kansas; Geological Society of America FX This study has been funded in part by the US Environmental Protection Agency-Region 7 in Kansas City, Kansas and by a Geological Society of America Graduate Research Grant. We would like to thank the members of the Toxicology Branch of the Columbia Environmental Research Center, US Geological Survey, Columbia, Missouri for assistance in conducting the toxicity tests and measuring grain size. We thank the Organic Chemistry Laboratory and the Nutrients Laboratory of the EPA Region 7 for chemical analysis of whole-sediment samples. Marchin Lawrence from the same agency is kindly acknowledged for coordinating laboratory work. We are also grateful to Scott Ireland with the EPA Great Lakes National Program Office, Venessa Madden with the EPA Region 7, and four other anonymous reviewers for their constructive review comments on this manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US government. NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0090-4341 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2010 VL 59 IS 3 BP 370 EP 381 DI 10.1007/s00244-010-9498-1 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 644KR UT WOS:000281376500003 PM 20396875 ER PT J AU Rao, ST AF Rao, S. Trivikrama TI Special Issue: Air Quality Modeling and Analysis SO ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Rao, ST (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TURKISH NATL COMMITTEE AIR POLLUTION RES & CONTROL-TUNCAP PI BUCA PA DOKUZ EYLUL UNIV, DEPT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, TINAZTEPE CAMPUS, BUCA, IZMIR 35160, TURKEY SN 1309-1042 J9 ATMOS POLLUT RES JI Atmos. Pollut. Res. PD OCT PY 2010 VL 1 IS 4 SI SI BP 195 EP 195 DI 10.5094/APR.2010.025 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V25XF UT WOS:000208510000001 ER PT J AU Simon, H Beck, L Bhave, PV Divita, F Hsu, Y Luecken, D Mobley, JD Pouliot, GA Reff, A Sarwar, G Strum, M AF Simon, Heather Beck, Lee Bhave, Prakash V. Divita, Frank Hsu, Ying Luecken, Deborah Mobley, J. David Pouliot, George A. Reff, Adam Sarwar, Golam Strum, Madeleine TI The development and uses of EPA's SPECIATE database SO ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE SPECIATE; Emissions; VOC; Particulate matter; Speciation profiles AB SPECIATE is the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) repository of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and particulate matter (PM) speciation profiles of air pollution sources. These source profiles can be used to (1) provide input to chemical mass balance (CMB) receptor models; (2) verify profiles derived from ambient measurements by multivariate receptor models (e.g., factor analysis and positive matrix factorization); (3) interpret ambient measurement data; and (4) create speciated emission inventories for regional haze, climate, and photochemical air quality modeling. This paper describes the SPECIATE v4.2 database, provides specific examples of its use, and makes recommendations for future improvements. (C) Author(s) 2010. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. C1 [Simon, Heather; Bhave, Prakash V.; Luecken, Deborah; Mobley, J. David; Pouliot, George A.; Sarwar, Golam] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Beck, Lee] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Divita, Frank; Hsu, Ying] EH Pechan & Associates, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. [Reff, Adam; Strum, Madeleine] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Simon, H (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM simon.heather@epa.gov RI Bhave, Prakash/L-1958-2013; Xiongfei, Zhao/G-7690-2015; simon, heather/E-4392-2011; OI Bhave, Prakash/0000-0002-2573-951X; simon, heather/0000-0001-7254-3360; Pouliot, George/0000-0003-3406-4814 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The authors would like to thank Bill Lonneman, Doug Solomon, Joe Somers, and Tom Pierce from the US EPA for their helpful feedback on this work. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 35 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 35 PU TURKISH NATL COMMITTEE AIR POLLUTION RES & CONTROL-TUNCAP PI BUCA PA DOKUZ EYLUL UNIV, DEPT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, TINAZTEPE CAMPUS, BUCA, IZMIR 35160, TURKEY SN 1309-1042 J9 ATMOS POLLUT RES JI Atmos. Pollut. Res. PD OCT PY 2010 VL 1 IS 4 SI SI BP 196 EP 206 DI 10.5094/APR.2010.026 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V25XF UT WOS:000208510000002 ER PT J AU Dennis, RL Mathur, R Pleim, JE Walker, JT AF Dennis, Robin L. Mathur, Rohit Pleim, Jonathan E. Walker, John T. TI Fate of ammonia emissions at the local to regional scale as simulated by the Community Multiscale Air Quality model SO ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Ammonia deposition; Ammonia emission influence range; Atmospheric budget; Modeling; CMAQ AB Atmospheric deposition of nitrogen contributes to eutrophication of estuarine waters and acidification of lakes and streams. Ammonia also contributes to fine particle formation in the atmosphere and associated health effects. Model projections suggest that NH3 deposition may become the major source of nitrogen deposition in the future. The regional transport of NH3 contributes to nitrogen deposition. Conventional wisdom for many is that a large fraction, or even all, of the NH3 emissions deposit locally, near their source as dry deposition, which we believe is incorrect. In this study we use a regional atmospheric model, the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model to identify the dominant processes that dictate the fate of NH3 and address the questions of how much NH3 deposits locally and what is the range of influence of NH3 emissions. The CMAQ simulation is for June 2002 with a 12-km grid size, covering the eastern half of the U.S. We study three different NH3 dry deposition formulations, including one that represents bi-directional NH3 air-surface exchange, to represent uncertainty in the NH3 dry deposition estimates. We find for 12-km cells with high NH3 emissions from confined animal operations that the local budget is dominated by turbulent transport away from the surface and that from 8-15% of a cell's NH3 emissions dry deposit locally back within the same cell. The CMAQ estimates are consistent with local, semi-empirical budget studies of NH3 emissions. The range of influence of a single cell's emissions varies from 180 to 380 kilometers, depending on the dry deposition formulation. At the regional scale, wet deposition is the major loss pathway for NH3; nonetheless, about a quarter of the NH3 emissions are estimated to transport off the North American continent, an estimate that is not sensitive to the uncertainty in dry deposition. (C) Author(s) 2010. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. C1 [Dennis, Robin L.; Mathur, Rohit; Pleim, Jonathan E.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Walker, John T.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Dennis, RL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM dennis.robin@epa.gov RI Walker, John/I-8880-2014; Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/C-1331-2017 OI Walker, John/0000-0001-6034-7514; Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/0000-0001-6190-6082 NR 39 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 21 PU TURKISH NATL COMMITTEE AIR POLLUTION RES & CONTROL-TUNCAP PI BUCA PA DOKUZ EYLUL UNIV, DEPT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, TINAZTEPE CAMPUS, BUCA, IZMIR 35160, TURKEY SN 1309-1042 J9 ATMOS POLLUT RES JI Atmos. Pollut. Res. PD OCT PY 2010 VL 1 IS 4 SI SI BP 207 EP 214 DI 10.5094/APR.2010.027 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V25XF UT WOS:000208510000003 ER PT J AU Wesson, K Fann, N Morris, M Fox, T Hubbell, B AF Wesson, Karen Fann, Neal Morris, Mark Fox, Tyler Hubbell, Bryan TI A multi-pollutant, risk-based approach to air quality management: Case study for Detroit SO ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Multi-pollutant; Control strategy; Risk; Benefits; Air quality management AB In response to the need to further explore and understand the technical needs and challenges presented by implementing a multi-pollutant, risk-based approach to air quality management, a case study was performed for the urban area of Detroit. As part of this case study, two contrasting air quality control strategies were assessed and compared. One strategy mimicked the "status quo", where controls were selected separately to address ozone (O-3) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) nonattainment at monitor locations, while the other strategy reflected a "multi-pollutant, risk-based" approach aimed at further reducing population risk from exposure to ozone, PM2.5 and selected air toxics while still addressing ozone and PM2.5 nonattainment. This paper describes the technical framework used to apply and evaluate the two contrasting air quality control strategies and describes the relative benefits of each. Based on this case study, we found that the "multi-pollutant, risk-based" approach was able to: (1) achieve the same or greater reductions of PM2.5 and O-3 at monitors; (2) improve air quality regionally and across the Detroit urban core for multiple pollutants; (3) produce approximately two times greater monetized benefits for PM2.5 and O-3; (4) reduce non-cancer risk; and (5) result in greater net benefits and be more cost effective. (C) Author(s) 2010. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. C1 [Wesson, Karen; Fann, Neal; Morris, Mark; Fox, Tyler; Hubbell, Bryan] US Environm Protect Agcy, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Wesson, K (reprint author), US Environm Protect Agcy, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM wesson.karen@epa.gov OI Fann, Neal/0000-0002-6724-8575; Hubbell, Bryan/0000-0002-7963-3438 NR 29 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 14 PU TURKISH NATL COMMITTEE AIR POLLUTION RES & CONTROL-TUNCAP PI BUCA PA DOKUZ EYLUL UNIV, DEPT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, TINAZTEPE CAMPUS, BUCA, IZMIR 35160, TURKEY SN 1309-1042 J9 ATMOS POLLUT RES JI Atmos. Pollut. Res. PD OCT PY 2010 VL 1 IS 4 SI SI BP 296 EP 304 DI 10.5094/APR.2010.037 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V25XF UT WOS:000208510000013 ER PT J AU Miller, DH Kreis, RG Huang, WC Xia, XS AF Miller, David H. Kreis, Russell G., Jr. Huang, Wei-Chuang Xia, Xiangsheng TI Application of a lower food web ecosystem productivity model for investigating dynamics of the invasive species Bythotrephes longimanus in Lake Michigan SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Invasive species; Bythotrephes longimanus; Zooplankton; Ecosystem productivity model ID GREAT-LAKES; BIODIVERSITY; INVERTEBRATE; COMMUNITIES; BAY AB A Lake Michigan Ecosystem Model (LM-Eco) that includes a detailed description of trophic levels and their interactions was developed for Lake Michigan. The LM-Eco model constitutes a first step toward a comprehensive Lake Michigan ecosystem productivity model to investigate ecosystem-level responses and effects within the lower food web of the lake. The effect of the invasive species Bythotrephes longimanus on individual zooplankton species was investigated based upon extensive field data collected at multiple locations in Lake Michigan during the 1994-1995 Lake Michigan Mass Balance Study. Field data collected at 15 sampling stations within Lake Michigan over a series of 8 sampling cruises throughout a 2 year period demonstrated that over 65% of zooplankton species exhibited a decline with the occurrence of Bythotrephes in the sample. The LM-Eco model was successfully applied to simulate the trends of Bythotrephes and zooplankton abundance as observed in the collected field data. Model simulations allowed for examination of interactions between the invader Bythotrephes and native zooplankton groups on a 5 km by 5 km resolution throughout Lake Michigan. Analysis was completed as a time series specific to individual field sampling locations within the lake, and also on a lake-wide scale. C1 [Miller, David H.; Kreis, Russell G., Jr.] US EPA, Mid Continent Ecol Div, ORD, NHEERL,Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI 48138 USA. [Huang, Wei-Chuang] USN, Res Lab, Geothermal Program Off, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. [Xia, Xiangsheng] CSC Corp, Grosse Ile, MI 48138 USA. RP Miller, DH (reprint author), US EPA, Mid Continent Ecol Div, ORD, NHEERL,Res Stn, 9311 Groh, Grosse Ile, MI 48138 USA. EM miller.davidh@epa.gov FU Invasive Species Initiative in the Office of Research and Development (ORD) of the USEPA FX This study was conducted in support of the Invasive Species Initiative in the Office of Research and Development (ORD) of the USEPA. We thank Peder Yurista and Henry Vanderploeg for providing a valuable review of this manuscript. The authors also wish to acknowledge the Great Lakes National Program Office for their efforts in the Lake Michigan Mass Balance Study, as well as the many cooperators during the study. In addition, the authors wish to acknowledge NOAA, GLERL, and LimnoTech for their cooperation and collaboration. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD OCT PY 2010 VL 12 IS 10 BP 3513 EP 3524 DI 10.1007/s10530-010-9748-1 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 652CA UT WOS:000281977200013 ER PT J AU More, TT Yan, S Tyagi, RD Surampalli, RY AF More, T. T. Yan, S. Tyagi, R. D. Surampalli, R. Y. TI Potential use of filamentous fungi for wastewater sludge treatment SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Filamentous fungi; Sludge settling and dewatering; Degradation; Pathogen removal; Detoxification ID STATE BIOCONVERSION PROCESS; OIL MILL EFFLUENTS; WHITE-ROT FUNGI; ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATERS; INTEGRATED TREATMENT; TRICHODERMA-VIRIDE; ASPERGILLUS-NIGER; DEWATERED SLUDGE AB Specific filamentous fungi (FF) have been recognized for sludge treatment and possibly these strains can be utilized for simultaneous bioflocculation, solids and pathogens reduction and, removal and degradation of toxic compounds. Based on current research work and findings, this review provides the state-of-art knowledge on the role of FF (or moulds) in sludge treatment. The proposed theories are presented, critically analyzed and future scope for specific research on utilization of FF for treatment of sludge is recommended. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [More, T. T.; Yan, S.; Tyagi, R. D.] Univ Quebec, Inst Natl Rech Sci, Ctr Eau Terre & Environm, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), Univ Quebec, Inst Natl Rech Sci, Ctr Eau Terre & Environm, 490 Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM tyagi@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [A 4984] FX Sincere thanks are due to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant A 4984, Canada Research Chair) for their financial support. The views and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and should not be construed as the opinions of the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 77 TC 53 Z9 60 U1 6 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD OCT PY 2010 VL 101 IS 20 BP 7691 EP 7700 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.05.033 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 631IP UT WOS:000280340300001 PM 20542684 ER PT J AU Ellis-Hutchings, RG Zucker, RM Grey, BE Norwood, J Richards, JH Lau, C Rogers, JM AF Ellis-Hutchings, Robert G. Zucker, Robert M. Grey, Brian E. Norwood, Joel, Jr. Richards, Judy H. Lau, Christopher Rogers, John M. TI Altered Health Outcomes in Adult Offspring of Sprague Dawley and Wistar Rats Undernourished During Early or Late Pregnancy SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART B-DEVELOPMENTAL AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE embryo/fetal physiology; nutrition; postnatal evaluation; maternal-fetal interactions ID INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION; BLOOD-PRESSURE; METABOLIC SYNDROME; POSTNATAL-GROWTH; BIRTH-WEIGHT; PROTEIN-DIET; INSULIN; HYPERTENSION; NUTRITION; AXIS AB BACKGROUND: Birth weight in humans has been inversely associated with adult disease risk. Results of animal studies have varied depending on species, strain, and treatment. METHODS: We compared birth weight and adult health in offspring following 50% maternal undernutrition on gestation days (GD) 1-15 (UN1-15) or GD 10-21 (UN10-21) in Sprague Dawley and Wistar rats. Offspring from food-deprived dams were weighed and cross-fostered to control dams. Litters were weighed during lactation and initiating at weaning males were fed either control or a high-fat diet. Young and mature adult offspring were evaluated for obesity, blood pressure (BP), insulin response to oral glucose, and serum lipids. Nephron endowment, renal glucocorticoid receptor, and renin-aldosterone-angiotensin system components were measured. RESULTS: The UN10-21 groups had birth weights lower than controls and transient catch up growth by weaning. Neither strain demonstrated obesity or dyslipidemia following prenatal undernutrition, but long-term body weight deficits occurred in the UN groups of both strains. High-fat diet fed offspring gained more weight than control offspring without an effect of prenatal nutrition. Sprague Dawley were slightly more susceptible than Wistar rats to altered insulin response and increased BP following gestational undernutrition. Nephron endowment in Sprague Dawley but not Wistar offspring was lower in the UN10-21 groups. Glucocorticoid and renin-aldosterone-angiotensin system pathways were not altered. CONCLUSIONS: The most consistent effect of maternal undernutrition was elevated BP in offspring. Long-term health effects occurred with undernutrition during either window, but the UN10-21 period resulted in lower birth weight and more severe adult health effects. Birth Defects Res (Part B) 89:396-407,2010. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Ellis-Hutchings, Robert G.; Zucker, Robert M.; Grey, Brian E.; Norwood, Joel, Jr.; Lau, Christopher; Rogers, John M.] US EPA, Toxicol Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Richards, Judy H.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Ellis-Hutchings, RG (reprint author), Dow Chem Co USA, Toxicol & Environm Res & Consulting, 1803 Bldg, Midland, MI 48674 USA. EM Rellis-hutchings@dow.com NR 43 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1542-9733 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES B JI Birth Defects Res. Part B-Dev. Reprod. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2010 VL 89 IS 5 BP 396 EP 407 DI 10.1002/bdrb.20265 PG 12 WC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 676LB UT WOS:000283911500005 PM 20973054 ER PT J AU Luke, NS DeVito, MJ Shah, I El-Masri, HA AF Luke, Nicholas S. DeVito, Michael J. Shah, Imran El-Masri, Hisham A. TI Development of a Quantitative Model of Pregnane X Receptor (PXR) Mediated Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzyme Induction SO BULLETIN OF MATHEMATICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nuclear receptors; Mathematical model; Gene induction ID CYP3A4 GENE-EXPRESSION; NUCLEAR RECEPTORS; INTERINDIVIDUAL VARIABILITY; DRUG-INTERACTIONS; LIVER; RIFAMPICIN; TRANSCRIPTION; ACTIVATION; PATHWAYS; LIGANDS AB The pregnane X receptor plays an integral role in the regulation of hepatic metabolism. It has been shown to regulate CYP3A4, which is the most abundant cytochrome P450 in the human liver. With its large and flexible ligand-binding domain, PXR can be activated by an enormous range of relatively small, hydrophobic, exogenous compounds. Upon activation, PXR partners with the retinoid X receptor (RXR) to form a heterodimer. The newly formed heterodimer binds to an appropriate DNA response element, causing increased transcription. This leads to an induction in the level of CYP3A4. These mechanistic steps are included into a biologically-based mathematical model. The quantitative model predicts fold level inductions of CYP3A4 mRNA and protein in response to PXR activation. Model parameter values have been taken from literature when appropriate. Unknown parameter values are estimated by optimizing the model results to published in vivo and in vitro data sets. A sensitivity analysis is performed to evaluate the model structure and identify future data needs which would be critical to revising the model. C1 [Luke, Nicholas S.] N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Dept Math, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. [DeVito, Michael J.] NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [El-Masri, Hisham A.] US EPA, ORD, NHEERL, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Shah, Imran] US EPA, ORD, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Luke, NS (reprint author), N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Dept Math, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. EM luke@ncat.edu; Michael.Devito@nih.gov; shah.imran@epa.gov; el-masri.hisham@epa.gov NR 41 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0092-8240 J9 B MATH BIOL JI Bull. Math. Biol. PD OCT PY 2010 VL 72 IS 7 BP 1799 EP 1819 DI 10.1007/s11538-010-9508-5 PG 21 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 657QR UT WOS:000282427900007 PM 20151218 ER PT J AU Mohapatra, DP Brar, SK Tyagi, RD Surampalli, RY AF Mohapatra, D. P. Brar, S. K. Tyagi, R. D. Surampalli, R. Y. TI Degradation of endocrine disrupting bisphenol A during pre-treatment and biotransformation of wastewater sludge SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Bisphenol A; Wastewater sludge; Pre-treatment; Rheology; Zeta potential; Laccase activity ID ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; ANAEROBIC-DIGESTION; THERMOCHEMICAL PRETREATMENT; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; LACCASE; BIOFLOCCULATION; BIODEGRADATION; DISINTEGRATION; SOLUBILIZATION; ENHANCEMENT AB The effect of various pre-treatment methods, including alkaline hydrolysis (AH), thermal hydrolysis (TH), thermal alkaline hydrolysis (TAN), thermal oxidation (TO) and thermal alkaline oxidation (TAO), on solubilization and simultaneous degradation of bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor, in wastewater sludge (WWS) were investigated. The results showed that among AH, TH and TAN pre-treatments, TAH significantly improved the solubilization of WWS (41.6% suspended solid (SS), 70.7% volatile suspended solid (VSS) and 48.5% chemical oxygen demand (COD)) with higher degradation of BPA (38.4%). SS, VSS and COD solubilization were observed to be lower in TO and TAO pre-treatment as compared to TAN pre-treatment. However, higher degradation of BPA (75.0% and 78.9%) was observed in TO and TAO pre-treatment clue to the presence of oxidation process. The effects of rheology and zeta potential on degradation of BPA in raw sludge and different pre-treated sludges were also investigated. The results showed that decrease in viscosity and particle size and increase in zeta potential resulted in higher degradation of BPA. BPA degradation by laccases produced by Sinorhizobium meliloti in raw and pre-treated sludge was also determined. Higher activity of laccases (230.9 U L(-1)) was observed in TAH pre-treated sludge resulting in high degradation of BPA (21.9%) suggesting concomitant biological degradation of BPA. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mohapatra, D. P.; Brar, S. K.; Tyagi, R. D.] Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Brar, SK (reprint author), Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM satinder.brar@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [A4984, 355254, STP235071]; INRS-ETE FX The authors are sincerely thankful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Discovery Grants A4984 and 355254, STP235071, Canada Research Chair) and INRS-ETE for financial support. The views or opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and should not be construed as opinions of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 38 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 1385-8947 J9 CHEM ENG J JI Chem. Eng. J. PD OCT 1 PY 2010 VL 163 IS 3 BP 273 EP 283 DI 10.1016/j.cej.2010.07.062 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 670TE UT WOS:000283449400014 ER PT J AU Owens, EO AF Owens, Elizabeth Oesterling TI Endogenous carbon monoxide production in disease SO CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE Endogenous carbon monoxide; Heme oxygenase; Carboxyhemoglobin ID INFLAMMATORY PULMONARY-DISEASES; MICROSOMAL HEME OXYGENASE; CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; SICKLE-CELL-DISEASE; CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN LEVELS; EXHALED AIR; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ARTERIAL CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN; ERYTHROCYTE DESTRUCTION; BIOLOGICAL-SYSTEMS AB Carbon monoxide (CO) in tissues and cells can originate from inhalation of CO or endogenously. Endogenous production, carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) formation, and exhaled CO levels are influenced by physiological factors, including disease. It is suggested that endogenous CO production can be used as a biomarker for oxidative and inflammatory processes. Also, endogenous CO can contribute to increased body burden of CO, which may both disrupt normal CO signaling cascades and increase the risk of CO toxicity. (C) 2010 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Owens, EO (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mailcode B-243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM owens.beth@epa.gov NR 81 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0009-9120 J9 CLIN BIOCHEM JI Clin. Biochem. PD OCT PY 2010 VL 43 IS 15 BP 1183 EP 1188 DI 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2010.07.011 PG 6 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 654XM UT WOS:000282204400001 PM 20655892 ER PT J AU Zhao, AZ Ohara-Imaizumi, M Brissova, M Benninger, RKP Xu, YW Hao, YH Abramowitz, J Boulay, G Powers, AC Piston, D Jiang, MS Nagamatsu, S Birnbaumer, L Gu, GQ AF Zhao, Aizhen Ohara-Imaizumi, Mica Brissova, Marcella Benninger, Richard K. P. Xu, Yanwen Hao, Yuhan Abramowitz, Joel Boulay, Guylain Powers, Alvin C. Piston, David Jiang, Meisheng Nagamatsu, Shinya Birnbaumer, Lutz Gu, Guoqiang TI G alpha o Represses Insulin Secretion by Reducing Vesicular Docking in Pancreatic beta-Cells SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID ISLET-ACTIVATING PROTEIN; B-CELLS; SOMATOSTATIN INHIBITION; PRESYNAPTIC INHIBITION; GRANULE EXOCYTOSIS; MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; ADP-RIBOSYLATION; GAMMA-DIMERS; MOUSE; MECHANISMS AB OBJECTIVE Pertussis toxin uncoupling-based studies have shown that Gal and G alpha o can inhibit insulin secretion in pancreatic beta-cells. Yet it is unclear whether G alpha i and G alpha o operate through identical mechanisms and how these G-protein-mediated signals inhibit insulin secretion in vivo. Our objective is to examine whether/how G alpha o regulates islet development and insulin secretion in beta-cells. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Immunoassays were used to analyze the G alpha o expression in mouse pancreatic cells. G alpha o was specifically inactivated in pancreatic progenitor cells by pancreatic cell-specific gene deletion. Hormone expression and insulin secretion in response to different stimuli were assayed in vivo and in vitro. Electron microscope and total internal reflection fluorescence-based assays were used to evaluate how G alpha o regulates insulin vesicle docking and secretion in response to glucose stimulation. RESULTS Islet cells differentiate properly in G alpha o(-/-) mutant mice. G alpha o inactivation significantly enhances insulin secretion both in vivo and in isolation. G alpha o nullizygous beta-cells contain an increased number of insulin granules docked on the cell plasma membrane, although the total number of vesicles per beta-cell remains unchanged. CONCLUSIONS-G alpha o is not required for endocrine islet cell differentiation, but it regulates the number of insulin vesicles docked on the beta-cell membrane. Diabetes 59:2522-2529, 2010 C1 [Zhao, Aizhen; Xu, Yanwen; Hao, Yuhan; Gu, Guoqiang] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Program Dev Biol, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. [Zhao, Aizhen; Xu, Yanwen; Hao, Yuhan; Gu, Guoqiang] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Cell & Dev Biol, Nashville, TN USA. [Ohara-Imaizumi, Mica; Nagamatsu, Shinya] Kyorin Univ, Sch Med Mitaka, Dept Biochem, Tokyo, Japan. [Brissova, Marcella; Benninger, Richard K. P.; Powers, Alvin C.; Piston, David] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Mol Physiol & Biophys, Nashville, TN USA. [Brissova, Marcella; Powers, Alvin C.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Nashville, TN USA. [Brissova, Marcella; Powers, Alvin C.] VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare Syst, Nashville, TN USA. [Abramowitz, Joel; Birnbaumer, Lutz] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Transmembrane Signaling Grp, Neurobiol Lab, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Boulay, Guylain] Univ Sherbrooke, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, Sherbrooke, PQ J1H 5N4, Canada. [Jiang, Meisheng] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mol & Med Pharmacol, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Gu, GQ (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Program Dev Biol, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. EM guoqiang.gu@vanderbilt.edu RI Abramowitz, Joel/A-2620-2015; OI benninger, richard/0000-0002-5063-6096 FU National Institutes of Health [DK-069771, DK-53434, Z01-ES-101643, DK-66636, DK-69603, DK-63439]; JDRF [2009-371]; VA Research Service; Vanderbilt Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center [DK-59637]; Vanderbilt Diabetes Research and Training Center [DK-20593]; KAKENHI [C-20570189, 21113523, B-20390260]; Sumitomo Foundation; Research Foundation for Opto-Science and Technology FX This research was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (DK-069771 to M.J., DK-53434 to D.P.), JDRF (2009-371 to G.G.), and by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (Z01-ES-101643 to L.B.). A.C.P. was supported by grants from the JDRF, the VA Research Service, the National Institutes of Health (DK-66636, DK-69603, and DK-63439), the Vanderbilt Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center (DK-59637), and the Vanderbilt Diabetes Research and Training Center (DK-20593). S.N. was supported by the following resource: KAKENHI (C-20570189, 21113523 to M.O.-I., B-20390260 to S.N.), Sumitomo Foundation (to Astellas Foundation for Research on Metabolic Disorders (M.O.-I.), and Research Foundation for Opto-Science and Technology (M.O.-I.). TEM was performed in the Vanderbilt EM core facility, with help from Denny Kerns, Matt Stephenson, and Mary Dawes. The color print fee cost was covered by JDRF. NR 48 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD OCT PY 2010 VL 59 IS 10 BP 2522 EP 2529 DI 10.2337/db09-1719 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 667PJ UT WOS:000283205700025 PM 20622165 ER EF